The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1859-05-24 00:00:00

'agriculture

! EMu anti Commute.

i
Lou) CLAN PA RTY's LAW it midis' CorrAnes.--We ! IsoNDON SPIRIT MARKET.— Item sells. freely, and
found the cottages, six in number, to accord atrictly prices are rather higher. l'roof East India, 25. to 2s. Id. ;
with the pliin.s forwarded to the society. They are prod Leewards, 2s. 241. to 2s. 3d.; and fine Jammu',
situated on the road leading from ltallinasloti to ss. lid. to 6s. lid. per gallon. Brandy is a slow sale; but
.11laseragh, facing west. The total cost of the six ! grain spirits are quite as dear as last week. South houses
eittagra is £420 or £7O each, and the details of the have advanced the price 34. per gallon.
eathaate and expenditure were satisfactory. They are !
Tea.—The shipments front China to the latest dates
built of the limestone coin ~,,, n to that district, with
mounted to 49,252,00 . olba. against 50,137,2001b5. at the
which the walls are brought up in rubbi,dre.....d amounted
period in 1858. The ahipinents to the
masonry. The chimney* me of cut atone, as also the
United States were 25,673,20011.5., against 24,046,10011 a.
jambs and arches of the dour, and windows, all of which
laat year. We continue to have a slow sale for all kinds,
are well finished. Bangor s diadems slates have been t
Lunnon sound Congou is sold at Is. 2d. per lb.
used in the rooting. The ground door consists of o Vene .
apartment as kitchens or living room, 18 feet by 14 feet . Siman.—Considerable flatneas continues to prevail in
6 inches ; 8 feet 3 inches in height to joist. The back • tlie demand for all, except the fittest. kinds of raw sugar,
door is opposite to the front or entrance door ; the stairs at the late decline in value. In refined goods very little
having been judiciously placed between then, to pre- is passing, at 525. per cwt. for common brown lumps.
vent cross draughts of air, though the arrangement has
The neutrality proclamation has canted touch excite.
not been quite successful. 'rite upper story is divided ..
knent in the city from the uncertainty felt as to 010
hall two apartments by a hoarded pArtition. The
articles over which it extends. The shipowners, through
stairs bring you at once to the one which is 14 feet 6 !
address!
inches by 11 feet, and through it you pass to the other, . the secretary of their Society, have consequently addr
sed the Government for information. The articles with
which is 14 feet 6 inches by 7 feet. l'hese rooms are
of a very good height, the walls. front mid rear. being
corn. coal, and provisions. Some large contracts for
regard to which there appears the greatest anxiety are
tie supply of barley to the Fronk Government have
is 10 feet. A dormer window in front slut skylight in
7 feet front Door to wall-plate ; from door to purloins it
;dbutthewesisliclubbyl litter ire- been negotiated, while the engageinents for shipping
(erred
red aardgiffite• coal are also heavy. The Mauritius steamer, lying a.
Southampton. Wax chartered, it is said, to carry coo cr.
the partition, and thus leaving the passage room the
French service under A penalty of £lO,OOO for non-c a
ereiiiiltim,tiaisilitirintbnlitiohiit,
*mailer one, and the inner rosin larger, with the entire pletion of contract, but is now unable to proceed. It
light of the dormer window, which mat eresent divided.
seems perfectly reasonable that both grain and ow
The skylight in the rear would thus give sulliciclit light
, should be deemed contraband of war, but in the pre; •co
to the smaller room. The door in the lower or grealill .
Cl,.case the result will be simply to cause freight of tun:
apartment is of mortar. and n costan s t weeping in s
1 description to be tranderred to French or American
direction of the fire•place soon 1 e
Pr°' aces - u II- v'nnega ; I ships. French owners will be aware that there is no
we, therefore, think that portion, at least, should he prospect of capture, snd the Americans are free to act
tiled or hate glass. The piggery. privy, and aalepit
at pleasure since the United States' Government Lase
are convemet tly placed, and the gardens are to be
! had no tint, to harm a prohibition, and are perhaps' not
allotted from a space directly in the rear. We deemed
! likely to do so under any circumstances. be lung back
it right, as there was no competition, to point out *owe i
" 1 as the reign of Charles I. corn, grain, and victuals of all
little matters of detail, which we considered 'nigh, ' , sorts were declared contraband. The question with its-
effected at • trifling addition of mist, and would be Un- ,
pect to coal is almost new, but as naval stores have
provements, such as shelving, or presses in the recesses; i
I always been included coal seems necessarily total! into that
some facility for euttieg up a line to dry liner. ; cave ; category now that steam is a principal agent in all
spouting, both to s,ve the water and also to prevent it
I naval operations. Each Sovereign, moreover, has the
drifting against the walls in all exposed situation. We ,
prerogative to make new declarations of contraband,
also think there should he a stone barge course on t
..„..., • when articles come into use as implements of war which
either extremity of the range of building.— Garde""" were before innocent, or had, in fact, no existence
Chrunicle, during former wars, and it was upon this principle that
.
Ecosoni or STEAn.—Before the Central Farmers' the British Government acted in 1854, when they issued
Club, Mr. Williams, of Baydon, called attention to the ' instructions to prevent the exportation of steam multi-
truthfulness of his estimates read to the club that day mus
four years ago, and declared his belief that if one-third It transpired Wednesday afternoon that shipowners
the agricultural horse-power of the country could be di,- have been warned upon the authority of the highest
placed by ideate, 1:18,000,000 worth of corn and fodder legal officers of the Crown that all charters of ships to
would be saved. The food so rescued front Consumption I the French Goveniment as " transports" or " store-
by the horses would produce, assuming that they would I soips " are in contravention of the Toth of George 111.,
not be fed at a loss, 80,571,500 stones of meat; or 805. I cap. 611, and if attempted to be careed out will involve
715 oxen, of 100 stones each ; 80,571,150 fat sheep of 10 I confiscation of ship, and prosecution and imprisonment
stones each. As regarded the economy of horse-power, it ' for misdemeanour on information being given of the ex-
seemed to have been overlooked that there were 52 Son- 1 istence of any such contract. Thia decision applies
days in the year, and that on those days the horses con- equally to vessels chartered before or subsequently to
sinned without yielding any return. If seventy days
tie issue of the recent proclamation. Ti,,Mauritius
were set down for Sundays and wet days, there were ' steamer lately chartered, and now lying at Southway-
'
virtually 10 weeks !oat, and reckoning the cost of • ton, will therefore be unable to clear. The provisions
horse's food at only 108. per week, there was about £5 of the contract in that instance include • penalty of
per annum entirely lust. Multiplying the C 5 by 8, that flO,OOO for nun-fulfilment; but this, of course. cannot
being the number of horses required for a farm of 200 he enforced, since the contract itself is pronounced
acres, there alone was a balance or £4O per annum in illegal. There are several other cases of charters for
favour of steam as opposed to horse-power. Steam similar purposes, which in like manner will have to be
mislit be applied for • great variety of purposes in agri- abandoned. With regard to whether coal is to be con'
culture. A% lien lie read his paper before the club he 'cider.' contraband of war, the Government. it is under-
.wasl.4iwialghin laughed
itigit be employedtfioresi in grubbing resaing his conviction
i,. hedge
iegton that a.
ad.
carrying such stood, t desire
sto avoid
cargoes
pronouncing any opinion. Yes-
te.rgoes will do so at their own risk,
row. Now, he has since applied steam successful for 1 and if they are seised by a belligerent Power and brought
such purposes as that. With a five-horse engine he had ; before a proper Court for adjudication, the decision then
pulled up inure thin smile of hedges, anti no grub axe , arrived at will help to guide future views upon the
would do the work so well. By the ordinary mode of question.
grubbing, it often happened that nearly half the root.
The new market for the sale of corn, meat, fiah, and
were left in the ground ; but there was no such defect
other provisions, at Aldeniliot, the foundation of which
whore a steani-engine was used, and he should be happy
i was laid in November last, by General Knollys, to meet
for any gentleman present to come and witness bow i
the requirements of that rapidly rising town, was for-
beautifully the work wasdone on his own farm. He i
i; i ially opened to the public on Mislay week. An ioati-
had also ladled down loutdreds of trees by means of 1
the sante agency.—fbid. guration dinner took place, at which Mr. Beach M.P ,
I presided.
. LIGHT IN Inc STABLE.— Upon what principle isit ~.SE QUELteli PROPLAKATIoN.—LIVERPOOL.—The
I
I that dark stables are tolerated' Will it suffice for their I French Governnient have chartered szveral American
total abolition to assure the public, that from them are ;
i ships now here to convey coals to the Mediterranean, at
derived the numerous Cased of defective eyes and total 1 a
rate per tun for the voyage and • rate per month
blindness, so prominent a feature in the ills that home-'
! afterwards so long as the 11uverninent wish to retain
; dealt is heir to, more particularly when acquainted with
! the vessels. English shipowners decline to charter their
; the fact that in his natural state the occurrence of 1 reaaela
,beingunder apprehension that they are not
blindness is unknown in the animal, and that men has
~,,'' allowed to do so under the Queesi's proclamation. indeed,
a stronger predisposition to it naturally.
There ' a I coal merchants begin to hesitate whether or nut to
common error, that requires elucidation and correction, !
accept orders. It would be a great advautage to coup
viz., the geiteraliy accepted ides, that a dark stable .
mercial men if the British Government would state din-
makes a horse rest better, and evidence more health and
tinctly and without further delay their opinion respect-
spirits at liberation from it. than when confined in one
ing coal AN an article of export to belligerents. Time
well lighted. He comes out, no doubt more warily,
rate of freight to Malta has fallen, and to Gibraltar
I stares about more wildly, and gambols more freely after esimrters are offering Ms or so. In Birkenhead there
Miming from it, than from a well lighted one. 'But be
are very large orders for coal for immeshate shipment,
undeceived ns to its being the effects of health. Tim anti ships will be delayed six or eight weeks for loathing
midden transition from darkness to light shocks mid
berths. There are many vessels loadin„.• on account of the
dims his power of vision, which causes a more gingerly
French Government, it is understood for Tusalun, Alge-
end C intim* step. erect ears, and timid bearing —lolnerve , „
rte. ...taloa, and Cagliari.
the "ra
of
a l'illal
l'''r''
when
treading
his
waY
nil.
1 'lle SUCCe'll o wre f the new F rich y loan of twenty millions
guided)—when the eyes recoil 1111 l slate thi inselvea to the
distreasing light, distressing. because ignorantly ex. ! has astenislied not • few parties in the City. Thus sub-
eluded from Ida stable; the poor animal feels rejoiced at scription lists have swelled over fifty millions ; conic-
Ilia release from the dispiriting influence of a dark iss,,,,e ‘ quently, ample (Unita will he in hand to meet extraurcli-
house, and in the plentitude
with
1 been subscribed for or in
" bucks" anti jinni* for joy. exhilarated by a sense or ; The whine of the amount ea
of his happiness, he ; nary expenses connected it! the war in Piedmont.
free,luiiu and sudden restoration to those blowings, air, ' Franco ; so that there will be no drain upon our re-
lied light, his heritage from his Creator."— V. Is. sources in respect to it.
Mani. I Nearly the whole of the gold recently arrived fr str.
AtaIICELTTBAL LABoUREItis AND STEAM CULTURE.— Australia anti elsewliere—C92o.ollo—lias teen taker ei:
Mr. Colliumn 11.111, of N.metoek, near Rumford, said shipinent to the Continent ; but the quantity wide': n,
at a recent meeting that all feir for the fate of the ! f the Bank of England for that destitution' has 1 itt
laMiiirer might be dismissed. Ile lund applied steam ; triding. The importss this week hese been on a ni i.e
more extensively. perhaps, than any of his neighbour.. I rate scale; bat we learn that recent shipments I sit
and yet hue employed more labourers than his neighbours. I Australia NV valued at EIK I 964.
with the further advantage that he hail • higher culti-
vation and pru.lucesl • greater amoulit of food. His
own desire was tam see the working man less laboriously
employed with hie hotly ansl more actively occupied with
his mind. He believed the time would come when the
fanners might reduce their lie' s° power one-half ; but
it would not be advisable to do teat until their hind was
in a higher state of cultivation than it Wail at present.
Let them keep both • egines awl horses until it was in •
better state of cultivation. With regard to the use of
high pressure, many year* ago lie aaw that there was a
difficulty in protitahly intraucieg steam into agricul-
ture, inasmuch as farners estimated the cost of their
horses at half-a-crown a day, whereas in co rce a
horse cost 54. a d ty ; and whilst an agricultural labourer
was considered to be worth Is. 84. a day, a workman in
Manchester would be worth his, a day. Consequently,
if he bunted the same proportion of fuel that was con-
sumed in Manchester, lie haul cent. per cent, against
him to make it profitable. He came to the conclusion
therefore that in order to make steam profitable he mud
yet as economical machinery as he could, anti that lie
ought to ounsuine the ainallest euantity of fuel. In
1551 he commenced an engine of :MOlbs. pressure, then
another of 3201ba. pressure, without any accident, for
the simple reason that the strength was made propor•
tionally great. He took care, if be went much beyond
the point to which engineers had previously gone, to
go still further relatively with the strength, and he
maintained that with his 32011u5. pressure lie had greater
security than MU obtained (ruin the ordinary strength
they had been accustomed to. Of the fact that the
application of steam to the cultivation of the soil would
increase the produce there could be no question. With
regard to the prospects of the future, Mr. Smith had
told them, as the result of liia own experience, that
there was a difference of one quarter of corn per acre
between steam and horde culture. He believed that
would prove to be correct, and in that ease it would be
impossible to doubt the great and solid advantages of
steam.

PASTURE L%X D.—l have a field of about? acres of
por pasture, the grasses are fine and cattle eat them
readily, the turf feels hard under the loot, and had eel-
&fitly some years ago been heavily dressed with lime.
Although the quality was very good the quantity of
grass grown in the year was very small ; it was thick,
bit took a long time to spring, and was always abort;
no mole heap* were to he found in it. living anxious to
improve this field, which is within the coal basin, and
the soil of which is a strong clay. but dry, I have
often manureil portistis of it with farm-yard manure,
which considerably increased the growth for a few
years ; but it soon returned to its fornier state, and
having seen an account of Proctor's prepared bone
manure No. 1, I dete to try 10 cwt. of it upon an
acre of this fichl. 1 ineasured an acre of the field and
applied 10 cwt. of Proctor's bone manure early this
spring; and already it has produced a wonderful change
upon this acre; the herbage is a much brighter colour
than on the remainder of the field, awl the cows grazed
this acre quite bare before they touched the grass on
the adjoining land. For days ti.e cows never grazed
off this acre, and even after they hail grazed it quite
close they still repeatedly return to it even now.
Messrs. Proctor state that this manure will benefit the
land for ti or 10 year.; if it will, it is a very valuable
inanuse for pasture land, and I shall certainly get inure
of it next autuilie. 1 presume it must be the phosphate
of lime which has no li hem-fitted my land, and lam
consequently trying 10 cwt. of a phosphatic guano on
MI acre of pastun:, to see if it will act as beneficially as
Proctor's prepared bone, aid l will let you know the
result at • future time. I have some fields of • wet,
moury nature, called in Wales short hay meadows,
which I wished to improve without going to ally very
great expense. I therefore applied to • beadsman, who
reuoininetided Inc to sow on them about 10 lbs. of
Timothy grim, to the acre. 1 ill so, but not one of
the areils grew, and I AM CIAIVIMMNI that draining
must be the first improvement to theim—D. S., SlCUltlttl.
FOOD OF THE 11,1104 E. —Free from man's harassing
injustice, lie lives a viguroussiiiinal to a greatage, until,
in the order of creation, nature releves him from her
thraldom. So is the horse in a nstural state, What is
the parallel, in an artificial state Instead of the field
and exhilarating at pliere, we have generally the dose
stable and festal effluvia ; for the cooling awl iumlerate
drauAlits of water, as nature prvimpts, we hare the
noxious gulphs that the famished animal deliriously
swallows to fitment his fiery thirst—for the succulent
blade of his natural dietary has been not only suspended,
but dry hay, imt*, and beans have been substituted, in
addition to the inflainina qualities of which heaps of
wann clothing are to be bUrue, woollen cases on hi* bead
and legs, heaps of cloths on his body, to he stripped off
whenever he is called upon to face the cutting sleet and
penetrating blast. Thi• flexile of treatment is oppoaed
to his nature—id at variance with his instinct and
organization. For the cool and refreshing berliage and
elastic sod, ao cmmngeiiial to the feet, they are in the
stable either resting upon bard atones, or buried in heat-
ing or contracting straw ; wmmtm,i, which nature dictates
to be taken in small quantities, to suit the capacity of
the sinal, stomach of the amiinial,ie given only twice &day,
and in noxious draughts ; while, to culminate the pour
sufferer's wrongs, some atrocious and ignorant rascal of
a groom commences to give him a "cosine o' medicine,'
prescribing similarly for the fat or lean, the gross
feeder or delicate eater, LW old or the young; into all
alike are crammed aloes, calomel, nitre, arsenic, cordial
balls, diuretics, and heaven know.' what, that nothing
but the most extraordinary tenacity of life could resist
sueoessfully.—V. D. Heal.

Two French engineers employed upon the Austrian
railway, who have just been sent away from Vienna
for tampering with news and messages to the French
authorities have arrived in Faris. Their first visit was
to Walewski, who sent for Rothschild immediately, and
tls, interview lasted • long time, giving rise to all kinds
ci gossip and speculation.

klor.tr RFCKIPTA. a "c MAC returns of railways
in the United King loin mililiMed for the week eliding
May 14 amounted to £457,860, and for the corres-
ponding week of 1t1513 to £439.10, showing on incre,se
of £18,6011. The gross receipts of the eight railways
having their termini in the inetropolis amounted to
1:198,554, and for the corresponding lieriod of last year
to £183,317, showing an increase a 4:15,1i7. It. ins
on the Ea,tern Counties Railway amounted to
1:1.570 ; on the Great Northern to C 3,01 ; .in the
Groat Western to £1,842 on the London and
North•Westeru to £4,311 ; on the Loudon and
Blockwall to ERA ; on the London, Brighton, and
South Coast to on the London awl South
Western to £1,215 ; and on the South-Eastern to
£1,859; total, 1:15,157. The receipts on the
other lines in the United Kingd amounted to
£259,301i, and for the corresponding week of last year
to L^255,1363, showing an increase of £3,443 ; which,
aided to the increase on the metropolitan lines, inskes
the total increase £38,600, as compared with the coffee-
poudiug week of 1858.