The Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1860-07-05 00:00:00

CARLISLE RACES.-YZEITERDAY.
COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS' STAKES.
Filly by Rattan
Capon

Three ran. Won in a.canter.
LOTTERY STAKES.

Red Eagle
Dilkccsh
Maggie

1

.. 2

Four ran.
CORBY CASTLE STARES.
Doefootnalked ever.

LATEST BETTING.
F ' I MANCHESTER.
LIVERPOOL CUP.
5 to 1 apt Viatka (t) 10 to 1 agst Druid (t)
7 to 1 agst Astor. (t &'o) 12 to 1 agst Home (o)
9 to 1 agst Mooreoek (t)
• GOODWOOD STAREft.
5 to 1 agst Gridiron (t) 10 to 1 agst Stapleton (t & 6)
oto 1 agst Satellite (t) , •.I 100 to 3 agst Bumble Bee (t)
RACING FIXTURES FOR 1860.

. • -JULY,.
Woreester SuMmer Meeting 5 Lothian's C. dr. Edinburgh. 19
Liverpool
Bridgend
Clmbridge . ll Knataford ~., • l9
Abingdon l2 Marlbointigh -,-..,---
Pontefract l2 Edinburgh 2O
Nottingham l7 Goodwood
Southampton • l7 Hartlepool 3O
C..nterbury . ........... ...,...,:.. 11

- . AUGUST.
Brighton 1 Oxford
Brighton Club 3 Airdrie ...
Wenlock

16
16

Ycirk
Lichfield
Yarmouth
Steekton
Exetar

Ripon
Wolverhampton 6
Beading.
Paisley
Radelifie
Egham l4
SEPTEMBER.

Warwick 4
Derby
aaerrierid. - . •
Doncaster
16
K 1
17
Richmond . '''''
"•-•
.•
IR
OCTOBER.
Bedford ' .'. ..
Newmarket 3.0. M '''''' 3 Nv'eowrcme:reket llonKhton
ICOVBEMNBER. t "
lleleford '' ... _ ._ .. 1 Shrewsbury Autumn M 13
Liverpool Autumn• . Meeting 7

Leicester.. l9
Monmouth 2O
Manchester Autnmn 2l
Newmarket F.O.M. • 25
Malton

COURSING F
(7I Xo :Ty 1: IE S FOR 1860.
KEPTEMBER.
Plaee.
Judge Meetint•
Arbirlot (Open)
Biggar Bt. Leger
• OCTOBER.
North Union Club lreland.. ......... •. -. .......................... 3
Audlem Open Cheshire ......... Mr. M'George 10

THURSDAY, JULY 5, 1860.

THE DAY'S NEWS. -


In the House of Commons, yesterday, Mr.t.
Dunconabe gave notice that to-night, when Lord.
Palmerston moved the resolutions on the Tax Bill,
he should move, by way of an amendment, the
following resolution :—" That an address be pre-
sented to her Majesty, praying that she will not
prorogue Parliament until a bill, re-pealing the
excise on paper, be passed in the two Houses, to be
submitted to her Royal assent." He further
inquired -whether the resolutions of Lord Palmer-
ston- were to be moved together or riatinr.
Sir G. C. Lewis replied that they would
necessarily be moved. seriatim. On the order
for the second reading of the Highways Bill,
after some discussion the House divided, when
the second reading was carried by 203
,to 120:
On the order of the day for going-int 6 committee
on the Dealers in Marine Stores Bill, the- motion
was agreed to after a debate, in which strong
opposition was manifested to the bill upon all
sides of the House, The. Chairman left the chair.
Some further business was' transacted, and the
House adjourned. • .

We observe in the 3.lcnittr of Tuesday the
following circular, addressed by the Minister of
Public Instruction and Worship to the Arch-
bishops and Bishops of the Empire :—" Mon-
seigneur,---The death of His Imperial Highness
Prince Jerome Napoleon has inspired unanimous
regret. • In success or in adversity, on the throne
or in exile, the last brother of Napoleon I. has
served with equal constancy the dynasty to which
he had devoted his entire life, and the country of
which he was one of the most valiant soldiers.
This unalterable fidelity has received its reward.
Providence has permitted that we should see the
empire live again, and our country resume the
rank which belongs to it in the labours of peace
end in the contests of war. Franco associates
itself with the sorrow of the Imperial family.
She will respond with eagerness to the wishes of
his Majesty, who desires, Monsignuur, that you
cause to be celebrated; on Tuesday, the 10th of
this month, in all-the churches of your diocese, a
funeral service, for the repose of the soul of his
Imperial Highness Prince Jerome Napoleon.'
This service was celebrated in Paris on Tuesday
last. The words we have put in Italics are
worthy of note.

Notwithstanding the growing excitement of a
large part of the population of Naples, and the
increasing demoralisation of the army, there is
in Turin a general conviction that the Bourbon
will be able to keep his seat, and overawe the
capital and perhaps even the continental pro-
vinces, till the movement receives an impulse,

however slight, from abroad. It is, indeed, sup-.
posed by a few that such an impulse will soon be
given by Garibaldi ; but most men entertain
a different opinion, and think that, even
with all the reinforckments Medici con-
veyed to him and Cosenz will soon bring
him, • Garibaldi will not for some time be
ready for an attack on the mainland , and the
most impatient and inconsiderate blame the
Government of Sardinia for the inaction and
apparent supineness with which they look on a
strife the issue of which is of so great a weight
on the general destinies of the country. " The
Sardinian Government," they say, " will not
accept and will not refuse the proffered Neapo-
litan alliance ; they will temporise." Count
Cavour's Government are beset with difficul-
ties ; for by open hostilitiee against Naples they
would not merely expose themselves to a new
war with Austria a contingency which, in
the present state of the Italian nation, and
the bias of public European opinion, would give
them no cause for alarm or misgiving--but
they might come into collision with the ever
tenebrous and unstable will of the French Em-
peror, who has but too great a variety of means
to control and thwart them, even. without the
least show of open opposition. Italian nation-
ality must needs reckon on the more or less
avowed emnity of Russia and Germany. Were
war to break out again on the Mincio, Austria
would hardly stand alone on the field in 1860, as
she was left in 1859. Count Cavour has received
broad hints to that effect from the Russian and
Prussian Ministers resident in Turin. The annex-
ation of Naples or Sicily to the Sordinian Crown,
we are assured, or indeed any aid granted to
Garibaldi, would be the sigaa fOr the instant
removal of the Russian Legation ; and, although
the withdrawal of an Ambassador is now-a-days
natter of mere unmeaning formality, still Count
Cavour is a diplomacy-bound head of a legal State>
and must needs show deference to the established
code of international laws. To what extent
Russia and Prussia would make a castes Mil
of a fusion of the North with the South Of Italy,
if that led to no further consequences, we will
not take upon ourselves to decide. But the
union of an Italian State of 23,000,000
would, with good reason be regarded by those
North-Eastern Powers as a means to an end—
that end, of course, being the wrenching of Vene-
tia from the clutches of Austria. Now, the hold
of Austria upon Venetia is a matter in which,
whether by right or wrong, not only the German
Governments, but the German nations also, declare
themselves vitally interested. It is a cruel thing
to think upon; but it is a matter of perfect cer-
tainty that Verona and Mantua, Trent and Venice,
will not become Italian till the flower of the Ger-
man youth has found its death round the walls
and in the moats of the quadrilateral fortresses.
The Manchester trade to India, in the opinion
of competent judges, must inevitably be inter-
fered with by the introduction of the system of
protection to native industry. Although the fact
of our having practically repudiated free trade
in India after a period of fifteen years, during
which no one could venture in the British
Legislature to say a word in favour of the boun-
ties or protective duties without being over-
whelmed by reproaches and ridicule, is one of the
most remarkable ever recorded, there is little
prospect of the step being remedied. When the
Americans have pleaded that their protective
duties were desirable for revenue, they have been
lectured week after week, and informed with sci-
entific precision that for every dollar thus obtained
by the Government the people are taxed four or
five dollars,which went into the hands of a favoured
class, but they now see that we have adopted
their contemned practice, and nearly to an equa
extent, under much- less excusable circum-
stances. The Indian producer has not merely
the staple at his own door, but has an
advantage over the American in his competition
with Lancashire in the possession of cheap labour,
the saving of a more expensive freight, and the
existence of a population of 180,000,000, among
whom the growth of demand may supposed
to be illimitable. It is to be observed, mole-
over, that:transatlantic statesmen may plead the
difficulty of breaking down a. systeth long in force,
and thus ruining existing interests, while in
India we have bstablished it in the face: of the
field being clear for sound principles. At some
fiature day the importance of the question both
as regards national interest and national consis-
tency
,will be fully recognised, but for the_
moment a curious combination of circumstances
prevents that result. - The-part ylrithelltr most,
prominett on free trade are silent, and the
reason assigned,' and which- must be accepted
until a better is given, consists in the fact that
the measure has proceeded from thefr(?,wn body ;
while others of the community, justly annnoyed

at what they conceive to have been' the undue
care • bestowed on Mancheiter .interbsts in
_the French Treaty, 'oPenly'aVow tii;.t they are
glad to• see 'the -7.llatiches#r linen hit :by a bolt
. ,
feathered fromitilek to*D -wings. Tillie- the fact
_reMaills that Great Britain, as regards the ma-
_
jOrity,of the .people over whom her sway extends,
has returned_taher -okl ways and heenree a Pro-
tectionist_empire, -while scarcely a-word is heard
upon the -Subject except through the surprise
expre'Ssed: iu -foreign journals. Meantime the
p-re-err4nent free-trade, orators' ate:using efforts
as. tteniendous as they ate abortive, -to -stir the
people to excitement on the :thOt,Y. of the func-
.tions of the House of-Lords. - ,
At the monthly meeting of the
yesterday, the business, thoughitaried,.was of a
less important character than usual,—the prin-
cipal matter set down for discussion, that relating
to 'the scheme for town improvements, having
been again postponed,
,till tie next meeting. The
reason for thiS postponement was that the Council
might have time fully_ to cOnsider. the.important
report presented by'the Vinanco Committee (and
given- entire elsewhere), as to their power in
dealing with. the real estate 'of the Corporation,
the.esteriSihks.COnClniion being that the expendi-
ture for any e.T.tended :scheme of town improve-
.
ment. can be legally met only by an improvement
rate. A report as to theeerection of the proposed
Public Offices in: Vale-" Street was deferred in
like manner. The' -Vogt' of the sitting was Occu-
pied with a debate..on.-a,
,recommendation by the
Markets Committee for rescinding: the bye-law
by which the markets" /16W :dosed:. at-:-ten
instead of eleven o'clock -on -Saturday nights.
There was of coarse but little novelty in the
arguments; and it general feeling was expressed
that the new system has been too short a time in
operation to judge of its results, much less to
justify alteration ; and, on a division, the motion
was lost by a considerable majority. A grand
review of the volunteers of 'Liverpool and
neighbourhood is to be held before the
military inspector of the district on the afternoon
of Saturday, the 14th instant, and the Mayor's
communications comprised a letter from Major
Bourne, suggesting that, with the view of aiding
the muster, the Mayor should issue a recommen-
dation for keeping a public half-holiday on the
occasion. It was considered that the mention of
the fact by the reporters would be sufficient—the
example being set by the Corporation of liberating
all their employes whose services could possibly
be dispensed with.
The Volunteer Movement, instead of abating,
continues to strike deeper and wider its roots.
Far from resting contented with mere military
display, it proves itself more and more determined
to become practical, useful, and permanent..
There are certain elements essentia to .the
efficiency of the volunteer army in any case of
real action ; and certainly it is not to be

denied that one of these is a sufficient complement
of engineers, sappers, and miners. What an
enormous stake Liverpool has in the efficient
defence of the country, and especially of the
Mersey. Why, in the one article of cotton alone,
there is now lying about our quays and wharfs
eomething like fifteen millions sterling ! How
easily might all this be destroyed by a sudden
raid from the sea? Surely it Is Worth a small
per tentage to render it safe. This is but one
consideration out of many. We are happy to
direct attention to a report and advertisement of
a great meeting, held in St. George's flail last
night, for the purpose of &applying this most im-
portant link in the chain of our defences. We trust
to see a Liverpool Volunteer Engineer Corps enrol-
led and equipped immediately. The deputation to
the Mayor, we doubt not, will meet with every
encouragement in this most important under-
dertaking. Liverpool will be proud to see his
Worship commanding at the head of the very
first Volunteer Corps of the kind yet formed in
any part of the 'country.

STRIKES-COUNCILS OF CONCILIATION.

MANY attempts have been b obviate the
evils arising From disputes between masters and
.N4,-0141inen. Various acts of Parliament hare been
made, giving masters and men power by mutual
agreement, to refer disputes to arbitration. The
law as it stands, however, has become a dead let-
ter;—its great defect being that there must be a
fresh nomination of referees to decide upon each
particular ease. k order to gi-ve this mode of
settlil4 trice disputes by joint reference to com-
petent judges, a fair chance of usefulness, it
is considered requisite to have a court to which
the parties at variance can have recourse in
all cases. For this purpose it has been pro-
posed to establish what have been called Councils
of Conciliation.

What are these Councils of Conciliation
In the first place, let us first observe how they
work in France. In that country the Councils
are elected by workmen who must be twenty-five
years of age, who Must have worked five years
at their trades, and must have resided three years
in the district for which they vote. A workman
to be qualified to be elected a member of the
Council must be thirty years of age, and able to
read and write. The President and Vice-
President are appointed for a term of
years by the Government. They have a
Chamber of Conciliation, before which masters
and men may first appear; and if they do
not make up their differences there, they go
before the Council of Conciliation, which has
judicial powers, so that it can compel the parties
to an understanding and enforce its awards. A
great many disputes are amicably settled in
the first instance before the Chamber, and which,
consequently, never come before the Council at
all. These French tribunals take no cognizance
of the question of wages, and are otherwise
imperfect ; but it is generally understood that
they have effected a wonderful amount of good
and prevented much evil.

To understand the character of the Courts or
Councils of Conciliation now proposed to be
established in this country, it is necessary to recur
to an existing Act of Parliament—the sth of GEO.
IV., cap. 96. By that Act referees were to be
selected out of the many who were nominated.
and if the referees could not agree, a magis-
trate was to decide. But by section 13,
of that Act, masters and operatives might
by agreement have recourse to any other mode of
arbitration they might choose, and any award
made in any arbitration under such agreement
could be enforced as legal. Justices were pro-
hibited from dealing with questions of wages,
except with the consent of both parties. That
act only applied to work done, or being done, and
did not refer to future contracts. It is now pro-
posed to amend that act, to the extent of enabling
masters and operatives, each from their own class
or calling, to appoint referees, an equal number
by each party, with power to elect a chairman,
unconnected with either side, having a casting
vote,—such a tribunal to be appointed for a
certain period, and not for any particular con
troversy. The provisions of the bill now before
the Lords, require that the first step should be,
to go to the Crown for a license. Each person
twenty-one years of age belonging to a trade
having a license for a Council, and being an
inhabitant householder or part occupier of any
house, who has resided and been a master or
workman in such trade within the limits of the
place in which the Council is formed, would be
-entitled to be registered as a voter, and be
qualified to be elected a member of Council.
Thus we would have a number of small parlia-
ments, elected by universal suffrage, of all those
engaged in trade. When the license is obtained,
the Court of Conciliation is to have all the
powers' which new exist under the Act of
GEORGE IV., to which we have rerferred, with the
important qualification that the Court is to have
no jurisdiction, unless the question in dispute is
submitted to it by both parties; so that no power
would- be given to the Court of Conciliation
unless both parties voluntarily appeared/before it.
But after they have both chosen to submit any
question to the Court, there would be power to
. compel them to go on, although one or other
might wish to withdraw. There would thus
appear to .be no difference in principle between
the law as it nó* !stands and the new arrange-
ment.- "
Thetis are- doubtless many difficultiesconnected
. with the proposal, which will readily suggest
themselves to the mind. Thus, how is the Presi-
dent to be impartially and satisfactorily appointed,
andvi:hois to pay the expenses of maintaining
these courts ? If a separate court is required for
each trade, how many tribunals would have to
be established? .It is stated that there List not
less than four hundred branches of trade in the
country, employing no less than 2,695,000 work
men, to whom the provisions of the bill might
apply. Something has been said about defraying
the expense out of the rater, or if that be objected
to, throwing it upon the consolidated fund.
But these are matters of detail, which, if the
principle of the bill be good, may be got
over in Committee. The present state of the
law is admittedly capable of amendment, and it
is not necessarily a condemnation of the new
measure that its practical adjustment is one
requiring much careful consideration. The noble
and learned promoter of the present bill, in
agreeing to refer the measure to a Select
Committee, promised to bring forward several
amendments ; and it is to be hoped that the
construction of the requisite machinery for
carrying it out will involve no insurmountable
barrier to the progress of a proposal which is the
result of long and serious consideration by a high
authority, founded on the almost unanimous
the
House of three several Committees
House of Commons. t 3 r
It is not anticipated that these Councils will
they '
directly operate against the occurrence
will be
have of
Strikes; and far less than that, they
available in the case of Strikes after
actually taken place. Under present circum-
stances, it were Quixotic to attempt by legisla-
tion to render the evils of Strikes altogether
impossible. Such a vain idea is not for a
moment to be entertained, and it is
not
e, put
forward by the advocates of the new measure.
It will be universally admitted, however,
that any scheme whose object
is t
pre-
vent
evils,
the occasion of Strikes, or to mitigate
their
deserves the hearty Support of all
classes, especially of workmen, as the parties apt
to suffer mot from the evils complained of.

There may, after all, be practical difficulties
the way of establishing councils of conciliation;
but surely the proposal ought not to be put aside
without first fully considering the whole question
in a candid and impartial spirit. If the plan is a
good one, it is for the interest of the working
Classes to avail thertiselves of the present °ppm.
ttinity of Urging for*ard the bill now before
Parliament. If, when investigated, the scheme
prove unsatisfactory, then; but,not then; let
it be throWn overboard.