The Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1860-04-24 00:00:00

adduced in the debates of that time by Mr. Macaulay.
in reply to the ultra-Tories, we must not consider so
much whet our predecessors did • under their own cir-
Ctirlidall6eS. as what they would have done tinder ours.
And 'vu are confident that Lord. Grey, if he were now
' alive to eeetew calmly and impartially the operation of
hie own erleasttreawould at once acknowledge two very
important plointe. First, that it was in some sense an
ineomplete measure ; tecondlee that his pupils' present
scheme is only an aggeavation of that incompleteness.
If the spread of education and political knearledg,e among
the lower
.orders bane. kept pace with the increase
of money,. it is most certainly all that it has done,
It is very generally admitted that the .£lO householder
of to-day is a less seibstantial and responsible member of
the community than he was thirty years ago: 1. c., that
£l.O a year rental is. now a lower rental than it was
then, and represents a proportionably less amount of
respectability. Now for this difference it. is possible
that increased knowledge may compensate. Eat whether
it do or not we-see by this simple fact that the franchise
• has, during the last quarter of a century, virtually
reduced itself. 'We are certain, therefore, that any
indiecriininate admission of a still lower class than the
present £lO householder would have seemed to Lord
Grey a most mischievous abuse of the precedent of 1832.
At the same time, seeing the great difficulty of resisting
a reduction in so purely arbitrary a franchise as the
existing borough franchise : seeing that it is really
impossible to draw a line between .£lO and £O, between
Z-C, and £5, he would have gradually become aware of
the real nature of the error committed in 1832: f. a.,
the substitution of an arbitrary line of demarcation for
an ancient constitutional principle. To apply an anti-
dote, as far as might be,• to the results of this particular
error, would have seemed to him the paramount duty
of a new Reform Bill. Such an antidote was contained
in the " fancy franchises" of Lord Derby's bill. But
Lord John Russell, in his suicidal simplicity, disdains
the use of such precautions, and gives us another dose of
poison instead. • • *
If an intelligent traveller from some remote foreign
country, say another Citizen of the World, had been
visiting Great Britain during the last two years, he
would have drawn a picture of our morals far less
favourable to the national character than we, in our
profound self-complacency, are apt to imagine that it
presents. English hearths and homes ; English wives
and mothers ; the sterling British yeoman e the respect-
able English tradesman • the upright British merchant;
the enlightened and intellectual mcchanic.—these are the
phrases which have, for years past pc rmeated ourlanguage ;
which we have firmly believed to represent living
realities ; and which have gradually enabled the middle,
and lower middle, classes of this country to exact an
absurdly disproportionate amount of homage from the
rest of the community. Yet, were such a traveller now
to come among us, what would he actually see before
him legal tribunal for the dissolution of marriage
adjusted to meet the wants of the middle elutes,
Crowded with snitor, end rank with the details of vice ;
an association formed in the very stronghold of our
integrity and our commerce for the prevention of
eometercial fraud ; and inquiry after inquiry proceeding
thronghont the kingdom, and proving that, with
a great part of our tradesmen and mechanics,
perjury is a pious fraud, and bribery a 'regular
business. Would it
.not seem to such a man, incapable
of appreciating much that really mitigates the force
of these disclosures, that English society had long
been like a whited sepulchre ; and that a nation which
prided itself, not dpon martial enthusiasm, not upon the
triumphs of art, not upon the zeal of religion, but
specially on thepurity and morality of its private life, was
but very partially endowed, after all, either with domestic
virtue, with commercial honour, or with moral rectitude
These are very serious considerations ; and, as the facts
can hardly be denied, we must either admit that they
are peculiar to the present age, or that the publication
of thesis is peculiar, or that the indignation at them is
peculiar. Whichever view we adopt, it seems perfectly
clear that the moral sense of large masses of the come
!nullity is -somewhat of- the dullest; and that, in the
particular. ease of bribery, something ought to have been
attempted towards the revivification of that particular
faculty. For our own part, we could not very readily
believe that men are more " bribeable " than they ever
were, even if tradition and history did not controvert the
assumption. But we think•this;that the tests now in
use to ascertain a man's fitness for the franchise, have
greatly deteriorated in value during the last thirty years.
We believe that the £lO • householder, as contemplated
by the Reform Bill, was a very -different man from his
representative at the present day. Money has become
cheaper, and consequently represents less,- and the
amount of responsibility which£lo guarantees, has
neither length, breadth, nor thickness. As has been
pointed out before now, the ten-pounder householder
not untrequently squats with his wife and family in the
cellar,. while his rooms are tenanted by lodgers infinitely
more respectable than himself. The fact is, that in all
lower walks of life money has become less and less
valuable as a pledge of respectability. No doubt, when
we ascend to the colossal fortunes of our aristocracy and
• our merchant princes, it still retains its old character,
though, indeed, not without exceptions among the
latter. But, lower down in society, fortunes have been
acquired so rapidly of late years, and the discoveries of
the-gold-fields have made, and are • every day making,
gold so. much less valuable, that but few of the qualities
once iiecessaty. are now required to make a fortune.
Steadiness, perseverance, sobriety, and skill, were all
ingredients in the man who, thirty years ago, rose from
indigence to wealth, or den to competence or comfort.
This is the case no longer, or to a very much smaller
extent. We do not undertake to speak with precision
or literal exactness on the matter, but we are convinced
of the general truth of this statement ; and the deduction
from it, is, not that this or that pecuniary franchise
would diminish the evils of corruption, but that some
additional test beyond that of money must be applied.
We always considered it one of the bent-features of
Lord Derby's bill of last session, that it weuli, to some
extent, have fulfilled this requirement. The object
being to enfranchise the working classes. the problem
to be solved was how to get at. the intelligence and the
good qualities which undoubtedly. exist in them. Here
it was seen at once by the framers of that measure, that
money ceased to he a test. Our complex and highly-
wrought civilisation, combined with our extensive
gradtaion of elames, which will not obey so rude and
elementary a rudder. Accordingly, in whAt were &no-
inivated the Laney franchises, a differentiating force was-
introduced, which showed au apprehension of our true-
wants, and an lioraet attempt to meet them. Special
objections might ho taken, of course, to this or that
qualification, but the spirit of the proposal was a good
one ; and we feel pretty confident that cur representative
system will never be settled on a satisfactory basis until
some similar contrivance be adopted to. impart a moral •
and intellectual element into the voter's qualification.
Experience has taught us that we• muSt ascend very
much higher in the scale than a £lO rental, before we
find inoney acting as an indicator of morality. We
must cease then, in fact, to rely exclusively on the pecu-
niary test at all. People do not see that, with a lower
value of money on the one hand, and the machinery of
electoral corruption ready made upon the other, it is
hardly possible so to shuffie` the cards as to get rid of
bribery while the voter •is willing to be bribed. Our
remedy lies in the infusion of a large class of voters
who
nsutepsptsliedarlacy
etchseenmtivanni;
are not willing
w:ituosnplejeceaikrbaroli
fb ecidso.
cipTalbeenleleatciolinnse.ry-
political. In every borough there is a struggle between
the Conservatives and the Liberals for every municipal
seat. In the ease of the common Councilmen 019 battle
is usually fought upon these grounds exclusively. Seine
other considerations affect to a slight extent the- election
of aldermen, and still more the election of mayor. For
the laet-nientioned office it is always considered
desirable to select as gentlemanlike a candidate as
c4n be got. Ile has to give dinners, to entertain
" distinguished strangers, " and to represent the
borough on all occasions of hospitality or courtesy. • For
these reasons a Conservative gentleman would in the
most Radical of• boroughs outweigh a Liberal candidate
for that office if less largely endowed with this pal-
ticular• qualification ; and, as the mayor is chosen from.
the aldermen, it is necessary, of .course, to have one or
two aldermen, duly qualified as gentlemen, from whom
to select him. Bet under all other circumstances the
struggles are waged on political grounds alone. Tho
representatives of boroughs arc in the habit of sub-
scribing. largely to the expenses of these elections. And
in these it is that the novice in corruption is trained to
know the value of his vote, and to weigh the liberality
of rival colours. The machinery which exists for this
purpose is as follows :—The political agent for the
borough has his sub-agents in every ward to attend to
its business. In each ward a committee is appointed,
with a regular chairman, vice-chairman, and secretary.
At the committee meetings, generally held in the
evening for the convenience of tradesmen, lists of
all the voters are prepared, and ca nvaLsers are
appointed. Subscriptions are opened to defray expenses,
towards which, as we halve stated, the member for the
borough, and the gentlemen of the' party, contribute
liberally ; and the whole business indeed is managed with •
a completeness and regularity which, at
..parliamentar, -
elections,. arc comparatively uuknown. liens theist is
the tbuntain-head of bribery. "Here is the hidden ipring
iron, which break forth those, floods of corruption, at
which the virtuous British public has so recently been
holding Its noie7 This Is the: fegular and' perennial
stream, flowing noiselessly and invisibly between its
banks, which is only swollen to overflowing by the
occasional and mismanaged prodigality of a parliamen-
tary election. • * " '*

We cannot help fancying that now, again, the people
of this country are gradually feeling their way hack to
a perfnanele.Tattry admiuistratien. .Toryisin is in:its
element in troubled and dangerous times; and now that
the perils of the. first French empire- are begittnitte," once
More to loom over England, it seems probable that the
eyes of -the people are once more turning wistfully
towards their ancient leaders, the Tory country gentle-
men of England. What are reform bills, or tariffs, or
church-rates, or any other measures of this kind, in the
face of that terrible peril which hangs over the shores
of Great Britain ? They fade into insignificance at
once. What we require just now is a truly national
administration, actuated by au English policy. If such.
an administration can be found, all minor objections to'
it, valid it may be in quieter times, must be waived.
ff
And we sincerely believe that if the Conservative party
boldly shakes o
the caution which has Tery properly
distinguished it for the last two years, and acts freely on
its instincts, it will very shortly he at the head of an
Overwhelming inability of the people. At present it
is not-; and it is idle, to pretend that it is popular.
But a party which has so long been in a minority, /neW
feel the pulse of the nation very carefully before adopt-
, iug,arty decided course of policy. It is monstrous for
thevery same people, who have for the last ten years
been 'refusin their confidence toConservativ;s, to turn
round and ay that Conservatives are not sufficiently
decided. •'A decided policy is for the party whom the
country
traTellii,onoeseisntooketdpotwaist iitne
thisrep point,resentatitvielesy deserve. 'lf the
:
'all the blame that could be heaped upon them. Bit,
give to the. CtiMiereeitive; the majority which the
Liberal hned try what they would do
then. OthetwW.e,nonsenseg-
it is nonsense to compare. the two
parties.' The Conservatives have only been a govern.
merit on sufferance at the hest ; and, when poople tell
you that. they.eannet put confidente in the Conservative
party,. they forget. that they have :never. tried the
expeiiinent.
That the experiment. may he tried ere long with
complete and per man stiC,:er,s, we believe that one
thing,• and one thing only, is Wanting. That is, that
the members of the Conservative• party shall justify the
Confidence of *the public by. 'showing that they trust
each ether. Unanimity, thorough, unflinching unani-
mity. is now the only remaining. condition on which the
restorationof a Conservative Government depends. The
Conservative party.haa numbers, has leaders, has genius,
and more than all, is confronted by a ministry torn to
pieces by internal dissensions, and by an unconnected

PRE LIVERPOOL 'VOLUNTEER
BOROUGH GUARD.
Head Quarters: In. COOB-51 RUT.
IlankerF• : BANK, la, Etront. .-
Jet:l2ll MA.TER, Hon. Trtaaarer.
TIEN Ry Chairmantif Committee,
ENROLMENT.
Forms of application for enroltunnt, and all nceesaar.r infor-
mation may be had at the Head Quarters of the Corps, V,
Cook-street.
•
IVOTlcti.
VOI.I7NTEERS are informed that Dram., takes place in
Gill-street Market, every Monday, Tuesday, and thur4daY
Etrning, at Eight o'elock. By order, -
tta DONALD CAMERON'. Secretary.
_

GPAT
iILEVEL.AND'S WALNUT POMADE will change
ki stray hair to the nrigmal cobnr, darken red or light hair,
rrecent its tailing MT, inipii-e its appear:me, pritt,
1.. ►36. 64., /i
by r)-t 24 stamps.
chnnlist., 6vme-b!reet, Bedford-triune, W.C.; and all chemists
and pertniners,

TAR. SARGEANT, 111.R.C.S and RE7
MOV,P;D from B. King,treet, Lunt:-af:.re, to No. 8,
Potford-satiare. Pr. t,..'argeent!, ntw 71/47.,rk, pub-
(7.rith prescriptions
fished by Gilbrt, .‘ Qqackerr tinnit•ked,''
irt-Erkeiolto- tient free for 2 t.tatrlpt,.. D. SArgett.lt •hertr
have a Vacancy for an Indoor Nc:rvriti, or Li'pileptic Sufft.rer, Or.
one mentall7 afflicted. Coneulta.tion to the peer Ostia en
satorflau- 4;s

tiALDSE.bh---I,t_ IRO .1.1 ...% , th.
(IL4VELANRS GLYCLREN'E EXTRACT, V) the production of
re 7..hibkerf, strengthrninafor
the pvont its, falling off, .i. unrivalled; hair, and
it ~Inoi-es eurfe and
dandrit, de:infers the Fkitt of tho he .u.
.it I,) !..,. cps the hair
beautifully inoibt atl g!0,7 . 'tins t. 1., 171 . h-1., the molt,
eceptical. Price L. 6d, •:..0., 4.11d.,,i. t d., '.N- pa,, -4 stamp,.
1:elto it,onar: ; and a!!
Anclrecia,' Cheini,t, ritore-btreet,
chemit,o aril perfu.niere.

HORSE AND CATTLF. FOOD.
TMP OR, T A.NT to. Every MAN who KEEPS a
HORSE. COW, SHEEP, or PIG. The Rectirt for 30
stamps to make the celebrated HORSE or CATTLE ROOD, at
•Us per cwt., the selling price being 50s and 565. for the cwt.
N.B.—Two receints sent for 48 stamps, Three for 64 stamps, or
the Four for 78 stamps. These receipts' have 'a large sale in
corn.eguence of their cheapness, and the great saving etTeeterL
Addruss—Mr. J. Tait, Chemist, Druggist, and-Denti et, New—
castle-on-Tyne. •

COUGHS, ASTHMA, .CONSUMPTION.
R. SARGEANT'S CHARCOAL COUGH PILLS
have proved an infallible remedy for hoarseness, coughs,
ast ma, col:sump:ion, difficulty of breathing, and all ditcaset
of the chest and langs. Charcoal has long been known t 3 be
superior for these disorders to the ordinary remrdies ; and Dr.
sargeint (a regularly qualified member of the College of Sur-
geons) has combined all its tonic, soothing, and expectorating
qualitiesin the form of a pill, so that children or adults may
take them with porteet safety and certeintr of success. One
trial is ,olicated. Sold in boxes as ls. lid., r3s. ed., or 4s? 6d. ;
or Sent ire:, on rceccipt of 18 postage stamps, by Dr. sargeant,
Store-street. Beciford-sonart, London.

A FRIENDLY BIT OF CHIT-CHAT
BET I" I.:EN MRS. SC:a:DWELL AND T MILS. gat,' Aaor
"uARPEIt TWELVETIZE.Lf.i' SOAP POWDER.'
:Mt!: : But do you mean to say that you hare wailed
all that lot of clethL,f, before br,afasethts morning:
Linpy : Oh, yes: it's easy enough noir to get rid of all the
slap-dash, steam, and dribblimz slops On a washing day in
good Cme, by using "HARPER TWELVETREE,,' SOAl•
POWDER," .!ad it inaLes the clothes beautifully clean and
white too, I assure -ou. It is, so soft and healing to the haxds, I
and makes such a fine nice lather. Besides, I never rub our
clothes, zind you know how black my. Jiut's shirts ge:, at the
Foundry.
WORKS : Bromley-b'•-Bow, London. Sold by Grocers and
Druggists everywhere, iii .Id. packets, and mid and ls. canisters.
R AMES dr. CO., WHOLESALE AGENTS.

32, SOUTH CASTLE-STREET
Is new the Depot for
B kRNARD- VT'S

NOTED

6 6d. TIMEPIECE,

ALARM CLOCK
AND TIMEPIECE,
Vglieh will arouse the suundest Sleeper at an!.
hour required.
The.e. Clocks have An establish,d reputation for
accuracy, durability, and elielp?fris.
OFFICE, SHOP, AND HOUSE CLOCKS,
U VARIETY.
Orders by Post promptly attended 10.
cI,OSED ON SATURDAYS 'TILL DOSE.
kf-Z- Observe the. Address
32, SOUTH CASTLE-STREET. LIVERPOOL.
• see oninione of the Liverpool and Looai
•

. , KATE'S WORSDELL'S PILLS. -
rr HESE Pills are prepared only by Jute Kkvr., Esq.,
1 of Dalton Hall, Yorkshire, and have, for upwards of
.
twenty years, maintained their reputation as the
BEST FAMILY MEDICINE.
During the whole of that:time they hare commanded a large
and constantly increasing sale, and have been used with the
best effect by petsons of all classes, from the families of the
nobility to those of the humblest artisans and labohrerF.
They are entirely
FREE FROM MERCURIAL, ANTIMONIAL, AND OTHER
--- - MINERAL-OR DA NGF.ROUS SUBSTANcP,S,
and are compoimdett of the purest and most tatefiillys,:eleeted
'Vegetable Ingredients. Unlike mater other medicines, they
are harmless in their nature, whur powerful in operation.
Acting in.harmony with
,the human system, they correct those
morbid states of the liver and organs of digestion which are
the fruitful sources of so mans' lingering aaefatal diseases :
PURIFY I'll.F. BLOOD, promote a due secretion of bile, and a healthy eireulation of
the fluids, and restate the lost balance of all the locatilY towers,
thereby tending to ensure robust health and strength. They.
arc especially efficacious hi tut cure of Ague., Asthtiw• Br,'" chhis, Bilious Disorders, Bowel Complaints, Chest -.lffeetions,
Diarrhoea, Dizziness, Eruptions of the Skin, Flatulency,
General. Debility, Gout, Headache, liatitual Costiveness,
Heartburn, Indigestion, Influenza, Jaundice, Liver complaint-, 1 nsa of Appetite, -Nervousness, Piles, Rheunistbm,
Stoman
Alf...ctions, Serolula, Spasm., Sore Legs, Ulcers, Worms, &C.,
HUNDREDS OF CASES OF—CURE ACCOMPANY
EACH BOX
hal 'aii'di t.
am:' i:" g in. Ls,' s ,
As a preventive of di ,cane, by iy,sisting
.hcre, resi-
and expel the notienta influences inature. to rtsst
-°1 impure atm"
wholesome
(knee tit damp localities, sedentary
end, their valae cannot be overrate(' ; who hart
ending
tried them have bees. preser,..ed from Pa."' ,
in premature death which sa often follow ,canuegcl.7t M the de.
teeter:Rion of the system arishs from such b
• . TO I'EMALEN
. .
at all ages a'ud under all eircumstat ,s, they arc peculiar',
bw± most delicate pith th'i-
sers-iceable„ asd inay.he taken by t
perfect assurance.ef beneficial .action. Th,u.comu„„t. u„
's-mid r . r
l\ lAMILILs
'th pre~ ions suffer-
prnt man.-1 l ,Ing doctor's bill, wi 1
i ings and miseries, Ike •
... • ..,riatONIALS
I -
.-___

hich rea:;lltice Fro the spontaneous expressions o'
gratitUde on the pea of heads of Families, prove that. except
ut rate instances, ,there K.l-I"fih Wt oes&ll's Pills are used
NO OTHER MEDICIICT, .LVER REQUIRED.
TO EMIGRANTS TO 'VARIOUS FARTS N Nvem
All Emigrants should provide ti emselv
ertieses with the" fills,
as, by their mild et efficacious prop, thcr P. event or
speedily remove the various diseases produced by a
and change of diet. They aim also be found of immense value
after arrival in the Colonies, since itappears from public state-
ments that amongst the articles M greatest demanni there, are
rollly good patent niedieinek the limited supply being charged
at most exorbitant prices.
Sold in boxes at Is. 14d., 2s. ni, and 4`• 61. each, at the
nepot, 22, Bread-street, 'London and by all Patent Medicine
Dealers.

•
IMPUttI A:, Catirox.— -None are genuine unless the words
" WORRDELL'S PILLS, by JouN KAYE," are engraved on the
-Government Stamp; and, as a further protection, purchasers
are requested to observe that the Cu.st-of-Arms and the auto-
graph of the Proprietor are printed on the directions wrapped
romtd each box, to imitate which is felony. Lbs