The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1859-04-26 00:00:00

Imprrial parliammt.

HOUSE OF LORDS.-MONDAY

Isa•d 3laiateaneiti, in calling the attention of the
House to the state of affaint on the inotititient, said it
would be fresh in the memory of the House that in the
beginning of this year a conversation hot occurred
which ohowed that the relations between France and
Austria were not on an satisfoctory a footing as could
have been desired, while the relations of this ouuntry
with all parts of the world were so encouraging that
we were melt fitted to take the part of inediatuts.
Although cennectud with Austria by similarity of race
and an ancient alliance, the people of this country
were alienated from her by the policy which Austria
had pursued in Italy. No stateaman in this country
would for a to deny tint rights of Austria—rights
which haul been acquired by conquott, inheritance, and
treaty, precisely in the mane way as this country held
many of its own possessions. These rights were
secured by treaties which we had si,pieul, and which
every Government %Col bottlel to uphold. But a true
cause of complaint against Austrius arose from her inter-
femme with the other Italian States bridles Lombardy.
In pasaing to Sardinia, lie 'add that a strong feeling in
her favour exiakal in this country by the wok' 'lotion
of her institutions to our own, awl he regretted that
after her noble conduct in the late war she 'Would have
so far forgotten that military glory ought nut to be the
sole object of a Clover 11111 l •itt, fun it was from this calm
that the present difficulties had arisen. It was difficult,
he Watervol, to underotand se by Franse :dumb' involve
itself in this question. but Franee hod thought lit to
unite her rause with Sardinia awl to assert her right
to look into the affairs of Italy in °mos& to Austria.
Snell was the state of affairs in the month of February.
• at mhich period Lord Outdo was despatched, to Vienna.
Thoroughly convenient with the views of the French
Government in regard to the Indian question, Lord
Cowley haul calmly, awl as a friend, disoussed the sub.
ject aith Count Buol. It was a matter for n.gret that
Lord Cowley had not how allowed then Still there to
incubate., as there would have been more chance of a
ottecesoful result than at present. Lord Cowley, on his
return fnmi Paris. be nut that neguciotions haul beets
going on between Fiance and R1144.4411t during his absence,
the consequence of which was a proposal from Russia,
that a Congress of the live great Powers should be held.
to which proimsal tier Majesty's (lover' 11111111 l had
agreed, as they felt they should incur too heavy a re'
• ',immobility by refusing. On the 22iit1 of March Baron
Brunow had proposed to hint the beat:s on which the
Congress should toke place, to which he (Lord Maltese'
bury) added the stipulation that the treaties of 1815
should be left undisturbed. To these stipulations the
five Powers haul agreed, hut ouloonontly tmo collateral
queotions arose as to the 011111110ktioll of the Congretaa
and the dimarniament of the Powers antagonistic to each
other. Much diocuasion haul taken place oil these points,
the latter of which limb lie regretted to say. not been
yet settled. It was the opinion, however, of Her
Majesty's Government that a disarmament was necessary
previous to the assembling of the Congreas. The Con-
gress was to consist of the five great Powers; but, as
the questions to be eonaidenal affected the social and
political importance of Italy, lie thought that the dd.
(mut Italian nations should be represented, and it had
therefore been propookal that these nation. 'Would be in-
vited to attend. awl admitted when the ettngreso
wished to hear them. There were two precedent* for
this connue —the Congrem of Loylsoch and the Congress
of IMO, to settle the disputes between 'Minute and
Holland. In aach a decision there was nothilig dero-
gatory to the dignity of the ltalion States. Sardinia
would therefore not to. represented in the Congress, but
invited with the other I tali. ii MONO, to WWI a delegate
to put its wishes More the Congreos. (nutria and
France hod agreed to the principle of • disarmament,
hut differeul as tat the time and mole of carrying it out.
It was his opinion that it would be much better to sub-
mit this iwint to a cominiaoi 111 l , in order that on its
meeting Congteas should uliseuso purely political sub-
ject& Sardinia luoul also been horded to disarm MI the
mine footing as Austria, hut refused on the ground of
her non-olinission to the Congruous. Ile regretted that
lie could not give a 1110ee satisfactory account utf these
negociatiuhus. hut it might be presumed that for their
own credit the Government haul used every effort to
avert a war which would be no common one,. but would
be • theatre for the dream* of the wildest theorists and
the t unprincipled adventurers.
lord Ci..teeffliON %lidos' that Lord Malineshury
could have mode • • satisfactory statement previous
to the dismlufion of Parliament. in order to allay public
anxiety. Aos ttttt ing, be said, that the various Govern-
ments were sincere, and nut pursuing a policy they were
ashamed to avow, it was hard to conceive how matters
haul arrived at their present state. They haul all declared
their intention of not attacking each other, England
and Prussia had done their beot to mediate, but still
annamento were going on among them. In France
everything denoted a campaign ; Sardinia was draining
her resources to support her army, and the is aroupirit of
Germany could be hardly repressed ; and yet, although
they were all cla ttttt roue for • Congress, they could 110 t
agree on the kiwis on which that Congress was to
meet. Now of the parties would now trust each other.
If, however, there. existed a real desire for peoce, the
whole business might be concluded by a Coligreo in a
fortnight. At present it was hard to know what a
t 'ongress was wanted for. If it site to alter the ter-
ritories of Austiia in Italy, Austria would not recognize
the I ower of the Concretus of 1859 to abrogate the
oettlements of the Congreoo .1 MIS. If it were that
A last i• was to Mouton the Papal territory. Austria was
rushy to dui cii if France would aboielon Rome. So far
as Austria stood 4011 treaties Ate iaught to receive the maps
lout id' the I/thee Powers ; but she list no right to trona-
greas the limits of the territory arsigned her, anal might
not to be allowed to reduce the other States of Italy tO
a condition of political votasulage. Ile considered France
was responsible for the defeeta of Bea Papal
molt, anal he could not imagine a great nation in a
ttttt re unworthy position. He iliul not fear the with-
°weal of the Frenelt such Austrian troops from the
?la States, for he believed that the party of order and
eusiontutionol government was increasing in influence
in Ouse States. The bubble of Italian unity had at
length band, and the detestable party id Marsini awl
his accomplices were al t extinct. th ounlul not con•
ceive what was the tietetutitv bur wnr. Woe could not
settle the Italian queation, had been nothing
more in this matter than the advanced guard tut' France,
and he considered that in C1‘.44 la( Austrian defeat only
one maoter would be substituted for another. There
was one principle he hoped the Congress would esto-
blitult—thot of non-intervention—for the Italians were
quite capable of conducting their own affairs. Trusting
that Lord Malinotbury would carry to the Congress with
him the ...hole moral support of this country, he assured
him that no party spirit would prevent hint front mak-
ing every allowanect for the difficulties of this subject,
and that he should be only too glad to hear of his
uecesa.

14011114:flux thanked Lord Clarendon and Parliament
for not embarrassing Government in the present con-
dition of affair., an the beat chance of maintaining peace
was that it should be well underatood by Dim* that
no differences existed on that point in the English Par-
liament. There could be no doubt, after the oitipulation
added by the Foreign Secretary to the four points of
Baron Brnnow, of the intention of this country, and of
the four great Powers who bad comented to that stipu-
lation, to maintain the treaties of 1•13 : it was, indeed,
a sine gad non of the Congtow. The counie taken ha
the Ministry had been one calculated to prevent war in
Europe, but lie could not help concurring that there
might have been a greater chance of success if the
matter had been left in the hands of Lord Cowley, who
had succeeded in laying down baaea on which France
and Austria were disposed to treat. The proposal of
Russia, from which it was impossible for the Govern-
ment to have withheld their consent, had introduced all
the subsequent difticultiea. He quite agreed that it did
seem bard to retiinede the expreptal desire for a Com
griPs with the military preparat• on leak shier.
Much of these difficulties was due to the King of Sar-
dinia's words, that " a cry of anguish came from Italy.
Mel he could not endure it." When much word.; were
utiell it WO. not unnatural that Austria ahould make
linparations on a Liege scale, although Phalli ont had
nothing to tear fr Austria so long an she kept within
her mesh I dm. Its agreed with Lord Clarendon RS to
the injurious results of the treaties which Austria had
entered into with the Italian States, and thought it
would be wise for her to reconaider them. In regard to
the Papal States, he thought that it would be best to
leave that matter to France and Austria during the
Congreaa, allowing the Pope a voice in the question.
The time was now nearly come, lie said, when it wan a
imeal whether a Congreas should be held stall, and
when the terms on which much a Congress should be
held ought to be known. The time, in fact, was nearly
at lotiol when England would have to nay that the time
for trifling bad gone by, and she would therefore with-
draw from interfering in affairs where ahe could not do
SO effectually. If there were • war, which God forbid !
it would not he localised in Italy; it would be illittOle
Ode to confine it to that cowitry ; it would extend
itself, and involve the world in universal conflagration.
It would, in accordance with treaties, bring the whole
of Germany into the field, and it would be impoisible
for thisoountry to look unmoved on the occupation of the
Adriatic alit the Mediterranean, and it would be as Mt-
lapsible to confine smell is war within limits as to fin-see
who would he drawn into its vortex. The policy of
this country in such an event WWI neutrality—but if
neutrality, it mind be an armed neutrality ; and he
hoped that this derision of Her Majesty's Government
would meet with tl.e assent of Parliament. fie trusted
.

that the storm might pass without breaking. The chance
of peace. however, would be i 11111 l casurable strengthened
in Europe if it were known that Ohs country would not
remain an u 1111 l ove.l apectator of any point mu which her
honour was concerned.

The aubjert thrn dropped.
After the other °Mere of the day had been disposed
of, the House adjourned at half past 7 o'clock.
--
TUESDAY.

After the Common.. had hero aummoned, the }turd
ameot was given to aeveral Bilk by a Royal(' tenon,
of the Lord Ow:et:Lulu, the Manittia of
Et ETEIt. the Mani Ina of SAltnni!KV, the Earl of HARD.
an.l Earl of DE LA WARR. . .

Tie L',ltD (fIA.; t7Ell.o—"lt tLu read Her Majesty's
speech ate fellows
"My Lords and Uenikmen,

" We are coinniamletl by Her Majesty to inform you
that it is Hor Majesty.' intention forthwith to dissol.e
the present Parliament. with • view to enable her people
to ex pre..., in the mode prescribed by the Constitution,
their opioion on the state of public affairs.
G, 511(51(5 of the Hone of Commons,

"AVe are commanded by Her Majesty to thank you
for the wise liberality with which you have granted the
necessary supplies for the military and naval defences of
the country: and for the provision which you have
made for the exigencies of the other branches of the
Lltlic service during the interval which must elapse
bfore the &Mattes for the year can be considered by
the new Parliament, which Her Majesty will direct to
be immediately called.
"My Lord/ and Gentlemen,
Her Majesty commands us to inform you that the
kmaal which sha is about to make to Mu people has beg

rendered necessary by the difficulties esperienced in
carrying on the public hu,lne,s of the country, 314
cated by the fact, that within little inure than a year
two successive Ad iii i i aistrations have failed to retain the
confidence of the House of Commons; and Her Majesty
Kayo, that under the lib:sings of Divine Providence,
the step which she is about to take may have the effect
of facilitating the discharge of her high functiens, and
of enabling her to conduct the Goveniment of the
country under the advice of a Ministry possessed of the
confidence of her Parliament and her people."
Parliament was then prorogued nominally until
Thursday, the sth of May.