The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1872-08-03 00:00:00

THE DRINK AGAIN!

William Bradley, late of Preston, was charged with the
manslaughter of Ms wife by placing her on the fire. blr.
Hawthorne prosecuted, and the prisoner was undefended.
The 'Timmer was a bricklayer, and loth be anti his
wife were given to drinking, anti led a very unhappy
life. On the night of the rith of April the wife came
home late, and about midnight, being in a state
of intoxication, she asked her huiband, who wa4
sitting by the fire, and also intoxicated, for some
money for the rent. He refused to give her any,
anti at once pushed her sway, and then put his arms
round her waist and put her on the tire and held her
there till the flames were up to her head. The prisoner's
little rAri. eight years of age, was the principal witness
ainet him, lint was in some respects contradicted by
the dying deposition of the wife.
The jury adopted the state uent of the wife, and
funnel the prisoner Guilty, with a recommendation to
mercy ou the ground that the wife's state of drunken-
ness mi .ht have provoked him.
His lordship, in passing sentence, remarked on the
a...;,,fravated nature o• the pristinee- act as 'oeing directed
against Ids wife, tent= he was Name! to cherish and
protect. He wun!,l never permit the idea to prevail
that men had ! t ight to tnaltreat their wives as they
liked, anti bet ter the recommendation of the jury
would have passe,: a heavier sentence. He was eels.
tented to ten years' penal 'servitude.

LETTERS FROM DR. LIVINGSTONE.
The fol!oe:ng appeared in the New York Herald of
July Zfi ant. by the courte.s of the proprietor of t
joornal OA London papers were enabled to littlish it
on SAturday

"Vili.on•Tanganyika, Nov. 1871.
'My dear Mr,—lt Is, in general, somewhat dinienit to
write to one we have neve-. wen. It feeli no moot like
addresalin it, ehatract lea ; at the presence o' v_ut repre-
sentativ 7,1 r. .1. M. Bhanl, y, 'n tlini distant re ion takes
se ,y It stranizenesi I ahouhl otherwise have 111, awl in
wilily,' to thank yonr A' thy ex,seme kindness that prompted
you to send him I feel quite at horne.

If I explain the I•.rlorn condition In which he band
me, you will easily perceive that I have good rea-on to
use very strong expressions f gratitude. I came to I.7Pj,
eII a tramp i.l between 40 • and EOO mtlee beneath a
blazing veiled sun, having been Vl,lll d, worried, do
mated, and towel to return eliot, almost In eitiht
of the end el the geographical part of my mission, by
a timelier of half-mate Moslem slaves, sent to inn from
Zanzib r, instead of men. The sore heart ramie .111
sorer by the truly woful sights 1 hail ...II ntf man's •
inhumanity to nian ' reacted on the bodily frame, and
depressed it beyond measure. I thou:Art that I was
dying on my tent. It is itt t too much to say that !
almost eve, step of the weary sultry way I was in pain, and i
I reached Ujiji a mete ruelde of bones Here I found that .
tome £5OO worth rd goods! had ordered front Zanzibar had
unaccountably been intrusted to It drunkell hall-unite Moslem
tailor, wilo alter squandering them for it. months in the cay .
to l'jiji, finished up by selling off all that remained for slaves
and ivory for himself. He had divined on the Koran, mid
found that I was dead. He had who written to the Governor
of Unyartvembe that he had sent slaves after me to Many ems,
who returned and reported roy decease, and begged permis-
sion to sell MI the few goods that his drunken appetite had
aparcd. lio, however, knew perfectly well from men
who had seen me that I was alive and waiting for the goods
and men ; but as for morality, he is evidently an idiot and,
: there being no law here except that of the dagger or musket,
I had to Mt down in great weakness, destitute of everything
save Slew barter cloths and heads Iliad taken the precaution
to leave here in case of extreme need. The near prospect of
beggary among d Wiens made me miserable. I could not
despair, because I laughed an much at a friend who, on reach-
ing the mouth of the Zambezi, said 'that he was tempted
to despair on breaking the photograph of his wife ; we could
have no success after that.' After that the idea of despair
has to me such a strong smack of the ludicrous, it is out of
question.
. . . •-

"Well, vrhen I had got to about the lowest verge, vague
rumours of au English vialtor reached me. I thought of
myself as the man who went down fr. on Jerusalem to Jericho;
but neither priest, Levite, nor Samaritan could possibly pass
my way. Yet the good Samaritan waa close at hand, and
one of my people rushed up at the top of his speed, and In
great excitement gasped out, •An Englishman coming
I see him,' and off he darted to meet him. Au American
flag, the first ever seen in theee parrs, at the head
of a caravan, told me the nett .nislity of the stranger. I
am as cold and non-demonstrative as we islanders are
usually reputed to be, but your kindness made my frame
thrill. It was indeed overwhelming. and I said In
my soul, 'Lot the richest blessings descend from the
Highest on you and yours.' The news Mr. Stanley nad to
tell me was thrilling ; the mighty political chalices on the
Continent, the success of the Atlantic cablea, the election
of General Grant, and many topics rivetted my at-
tention for days together, and had an immediate and
beneficial effect on my health. I had been without
news from home for years, save what I could glen from a
few Saturday Itcuicuut and copies of Punch for 1859 The
appetite revived and in a week I began to feel strong
again. Sir. Stanley brought a MOlst kind and encouraging
despatch ft mi Gird Clarendon, Wilollo loss I siwrerely dent To
—the fir-ti have received from tile Foreign Ofil,e since 1866
—and MU- rotation that tier Majcity'a Government had
kindly sent 0.000 to my aid. Up to his arrival I was not
aware of erre ye. riniery aid. I Come unsalaried, but this
watt is now happily repaired, an.l I use anxious that you and
all my Mends eh •uld know that thou zh uncheered by letters,
I have stuck to the task which sty fr.end Sir Itodrrick
Murchison est nie with John Bullish tenacity, believing that
all will coin, right at last.
- - - ••

•. The it atershed of ruth Central Africa is over 700 miles
In lei•gth. Ihe fountam, thereon are almost iiintaini-rahle
that in, it woulil take a man's lifetime to count them Ito.rn
the watershe.l they converge Into how large rivers end these
again Into two mighty etri am, m the great Nile valiey,
which begins In 10 degs.-12 degs south lathe' -e It was
loi.g ere light tawned on the ancient pro diem and gave me
a clear idea of the .Irainege. I had to feel my way, told every
step of the way, and was generally groping in th dark; for
who cared where the rivers ran? We drink iiur (VI and lid
the rest run by. The Portogese who visited Casimir., asked
for slaves, ivory, and heard of nothing else I asked ab int
the waters. questioned and cross-questioned until almost
afraid of being not down ao afflicted with hydrocephalus,
"My last work, in which I have been greatly hindered from
want of suitable attendants. was following the central line
of drainage down through the country of the cannibals, called
Manynema. or shortly Manyerna. This line of drainage hes
four large takes In it. The fourth I was near when obliged
to turn. It is fri im one to three miles broad, and never can
be wailed at ally pointer at any time of the year. There ai e
two western drains. The Dadra, or Bartle Item's River,
flows into into it at Lake Kamolondo. Theu the great river
Liimami flows through Lake Lincoln Into it too, and seems
to foi m the w esteru arm of the Nile on which rethenck
traded.
- -

" Now, 1 know about 600 miles of the watershed, and, un-
fortunately, the seventh hundred is the most interesting of
the whole, for in it, it I am not mistaken, four fountains
arise from an earthen mound, and each of the four becomes,
at no great dist6tit e off, a large river. Two of these run
north to Egypt, Lufira, and homand, and two rim south into
Inner Ethiopia. as the Liambai, or Upper Zambezi, and the
K:dde. Are these not the sources of toe Nile mentioned by
the secretary of Minerva, in the city of Sale. to lierodotos
1 have head of them so often, and at great distances off,
that 1 millet doubt their existence, and in spite of the eore ,
longing for home which seizes me every time 1 think of my
family, 1 wish to finish up by their rediscovery.
" Five hundred pounds' worth of goods have again un-
accountably been intrusted to slaves, and have been ova a
year on the way, instead of four months. I must go to
where they lie (Ueyanlyenthe', at Mr. Stanley's and your ex-
pense, ere loan put the natural completion to my work; and
if my disclueures regarding the terrible UpPan slaving
should load to the suppression of the East Coast slave
trade, I shall regard that as a greater matter by far
than the discovei y of all the Nile sources together.
Now that you have done with domestic slavery for ever,
lend us your powerful aid tow arils this great object. This
tine country is blighted as with a curse froin above, in order
that the slaving privileges of the petty Sultan of Zanzibar
may not he infringed, and that the rights of the Crown of
Portugal, which are mythical, should lie kept in abeyance till
some future time. when Africa will become another India to
Portuguese slave dealers.
I c.mclutle by again thanking you matt cordially for your
great v110°81.3,, and am gratklully yours,
LIVINOSTONE.
"Mr. James Cordon 31nnett, Jun."

The New York Herald with great courtesy has sent
to the London papers aw.,her letter from Dr. Living.
stone, which appeared in that paper, and from which
the following interesting extracts ate taken :
South Eastern Central Africa, Feb., 1872.
My dear Sir,—! wish to say a little about the slave trade
in Eastern Africa. It is not a very inciting subje,t, and to
some I may appear as supposing your readers to be very
much akin to tine old lady anion relished her paper for
neither births, deaths, nor marriages, but for good, ray,
bloody murders. I ant, however. far front fond of the
horrible—MN en wished I could forget the scenes I have seen,
and certainly never try to inflict on others the sorrows
which being • witness of' man's inhumanity to luau' has
often entailed on myself.
Some of your readers know that about live years ago I
undertook, at the instigation of my very dear old friend, Sir
Roderick Murchison, Bart., the task of examining the water-
shed of South Central Africa. The work had a charm for
my mitid, because the dividing line between North and
South was unknown, and alit obiect Vr exploration. Baying a
work in hand, I at first recommended another forthe task ; nut
on his declining to go without a handsome salary and some-
thing to fall back on afterwards, I agreed to go myself tied was
encouraged by Sir Roderick, saying, in his warm jovial man-
ner, You will he the real discoverer of the sources of the
Nile." I thooght that two years would be suflintent to go from
the coast inland across the head of Lake 7, yassa to the water-
shed, wherever that might be, and, after examination, try to
begin a benevolent mission with sonte tribe on the slope
reach to the coast. Bad I known all the time, toil. hunger,
hardships, and wor y involved in that precious water.
parting I might have preferred having my head shaved,
and a blister pat on it, to grappling with my good old friemi's
tank But, having taken sip the burden, I could not bear
to be beaten by it. I shall tell you a little about the pro-
Kress made Inyninti-Iny. At pre's. bit let me give you a glilllpfle
on the sl ye trade tin which the starch sod discnNery of mind
of the Nile holdentn has brought me face to face.
The whole traffic, whether on land or ocean, is a gross
, outrage of the common law of mankind. It is
I carried on from age to age, and, in addition to the untold
evils it huh As it °resents almost Mantrap-mutable obstacles
tr intercourse between the different portions of the human
fondly. l'hi. open sore inn the world is partly owing to
-human curility, and partly to Ignorant, of the mnre cnvlllfloni
of mankind or the Might which lights chi fly on th, more
degraded. Piracy on the high seas was once as common as
as slave-trailing is now. But as it became thoroughly known
the whole civilised world rose against it, In now trying to
make the Eastern African slave trade heater known to Arne,
ricans, I indulge the hope that I ale aiding on, though in a
small degree, the good time coming yet wheifilavery as well
as piracy shall be chased from the world.
Many have but a faint idea of the evils that trading In
slaves inflicts on the victims and on the author,' of the
atrocities. Most people imagine that negroes, after being
brutalised by a long comae of servitude with but few of the
ameliorating inflnences that elevate rnore favoured races,
are fair average speclmen of the African MM. Our ideas are
derived from the slaves of the West Coast, who have for
1 ages been imbjected to domestic bondage and all the depres-
slug agencies of a most unhealthy climate. These have told
most injuriously on their physical frames, while fraud and
trade ruin have rained their moral natures. Not to die-
criminate the differenoe la monstrous tnjus dee to the main body
of the population living free in the interior under their own
chiefs and laws—cultivating their own (aims, catching the fish
of their own rivers. or fighting bravely with the grand
old denizens of the forests, which in more recent continents
can only be reached in rocky strata or under perennial ice
. . I happened to be present when all the head men of the
great chief lesama, who lives we,t, of the south mid of Tan-
ganyika, had come together to mike peace with certawt
Arabs who had boned their chief bosh, and I am certain one
could not see more finely formed intellectual heads in luny
assembly in Loudon or Paris, Wilt tile faces and fon me c
yowled silk the finely shaped he nit. Boma Itioself had
been a sort of Napol on for fighting and conquering lit his
yomarer flays, wail exactly like the ancient Assyrian's w.inlp.
tared on the Nineveh mirblei as Nimod and wile.: And he
shown II himself to he one of ourselves by habitually inn-
dulging inn COO. 1111 potations of beer, called potabe, and h
hecrunte what Nathaniel Hawthorne called " bulbous " below
the yihs.. . .
- ••• •

Many of the women were very pretty, and, hke all reales, i
would have been much prettier if they lord only let them- ,
selves alone. l rtunately, the dears could not change their
chinning black ey es. hi autif at foreheads, nicely tomato,'
ell -shaped forms, and small hands and fat. But
they must adorn themselves, and this they do—,h, the
hussies !—by 111 mg their aphtolld tooth to points like eats
teeth, it was distressing, Pr it made their retie which hes
so muds power over us great he donkeys, like that of the
crocodile. nnoinienta ore scarce. What would ear lath
do, if they Mei Tone, hut posit and lecture us on ‘' a omen s
, rights ?" But these specimens of the fair sea make shift Isy
. adorning their floe, warm, Iron n shins, tattooing mriona
pretty des leeS o tour,, that besides purposes of testily
serve the heraldic use is of our lirchland tartsois They are
not black, but of a light worm ',roan colour, awl so noisy
sistensh—it I may use the new coinage—it feels an *Dion-
done to oneself to see a nit of grass stack Shroud, the CAI tl-
lege of the nose, tio as to bulge out the aloe nail (sitar' of the
nose of anatomists). Ca.:tune's Queen—Road Ng. ,inhe
nanse—would re esteemed a real beauty either In Lamhm,
Paris, or New York, and yet she had a small hole through
the cartilage, near the tip of her line slightly aquiline nose.
But she had only bled one side of the two front of her
superb snow-white teeth; and then what a laugh she had !
Let those who wish to know on, and see her carried to her
farm to her pony phaeton, which tea sort of these fastehed
on two very long poles, and carried by twelve stalwart
citizens.,
Now these people, no like ourselves externally have genuine
human soule. Rua, a very large section of country north
and West of Crigembe's, but still In the same iuland
is peopled by men very like those of Inseam and Castors's,.
An Arah, avde Itin Habib, wont to trade in Rua two yearn
and as the Arabs usually do wl.t re the natives have no
guns. Sylle Bina liatah's elder hrnnthnr tarrad matters with a
nigh hand. 112, Rua nru observed that the older brother
slept in a white tent, and, pitching their Bps-are into It hy
night kiard bin. As alosloms never foreive bloodshed, the
yOung r hrothsr forthwtrb ran amuck 'en all tudiscriminatoly
to alasrito otstrict . . I Li. owht nothing that lstingusaltes the
uncontaminated At, iota, t ,r n, oples not-
than thou, entire roan : min ne, i,ntt 601011 Si nee. It is .311
fermi after t'...et hive h.el wives, chrhiren. ;Ind relatives
bet-
IIMPS ; out hat is more than human Datlllo, civilised
or ,arage, can bcar. In the ease lii qoatioti, 5 discrimi-
nate aloughter, Mime ancl plan hr took place-. A very
large molter f very tine 5 sirig meu were cal toted anti
! secure lin chains and am en yokes. I came near the
party ol Syde inn Habib, close to the point where a huge
teat In Use mcnuitnius iian glows the coop° et wo

great river Lnalaba out of Lake Moero. And here I had
for the flrsto time an opportunity of observing the differ-
eine between Saves and freemvn made captives. When
fairly acetone Lealsere Syde though, his captives safe, and got
rid Itc tr able • attesting t. nod welching the chanted
gangs h !attire; ref both chalets and voles All declared their
Joy as n estrect williuguess to fellow ey-le to the end of the
w. rid, or elsewhere bit next mernire 22 made clear off td
the mountains Many mote, on seeing .he eroad rell
between thee and tee homes et their noisome Lot all heart,
and in three days eight of them died Tom had no complaint
but lode he heart, and they pointed one it, seat c wreetly ;
thomb mclin eellete that the heart is siteatel timierneath
the top of the eterount or breastbone lilt to me was the
nest star log deith I ever saw. They evidently died of
broken-heartelness, and the Arabs sonde "seeing they
had pew y to sot" I saw others iterlshesarricelary a very tine
boy of ten or twelve years ef age Ween ate el wh• re he
felt ill, he mit his han correc, ly and exectly over the
heart. lie was kindly carried, and ea he LEathed oar his
soul wag 1.1 ;rattly net the rile of t•,e peth The captors
were not unusually cruel. The were cellou,--slavlne had
hard-tied their hearts When Std., who Ives an ,d 4 bleed
of '.me, crossed the Lealane, he hear! diet I was in a viiliese
where • (onit-any .d slave traders had beer furieuely
aseaulted for three days by justly liteeneeo Beh endsa I
would not tight nor allow no, people to troll I saw them,
because the - eneemea had been especially kind to me. Stele
sent a party of his own people to invite me to leave tee
village by night and 'owe to him He showed himself the
app site of hare. hearted ; but slaving " hmdens ell w .thia,
aud pet] tiles the feelings." It is bad for the victims, and ill
for victimisers.
I once saw a party of twelve who had been slaves In their
own come ry—Lunda or L nide of which Cazembe Is chief or
general They were loaded with large heavy wooden 3,rker.
which are fork,.! trees about three inches in diameter and
se, nor eight feet long. The neck Is inserted in the fork,
and an Men bar driven in across from one end of the fork to
the ether, and rivetted the other end Is tied at night to a
tree or to the ceiling of shot, and the nsek being firm in the
fork, the slave is held off front unloosing it. It is excessively
troehlesome to the wearer; and when marching two yokes
are tied together by their three ends, and loads put on the
slaves' heads besides. Women, having in addition to the
yoke and load a child on the lack, have said to me on
passing. "They are killing me ; if they would take off the
yoke I could manage the load and child, but I shall die with
three loads," One who spoke thus did die, and the poor little
girl, her child, perushetl4if starvation. I interceded fir swine ;
but, when unyoked, off they bounded into the long grata,
and I was gently blamed for not caring to preserve the
owner's property ; After a day's march under a broiling ver-
tical sun, with yokes and heavy loads, the strongest are ex-
haute& The party of twelve abovementionent were sitting
singing and langhing. e Hallo !" said I, "sheen fellows take
to it kindly ; this must be the claw for whom philosophers say
slaver, is the natural state ;" and I went and a-ked the cause
of their mirth. I had to ask the aid of their owner as to the
meaning of the word ruktm, which usually meane to fly or
to leap. They were tieing it to express the idea 4 haunting,
as a ghost, and inflicting diseaae and death; and the sear
was, "Yes, we are going away to Marcia 'abroad or white
man's lane) with yokes on our necks ; but we shall have no
yokes In death, and we shall return and haunt and kill you"
The chorus then struck in was the name of the man who had
sold each of them, and then fulloweo the general laugh, In
which at first I saw no bitterness. Perembe, an old man, of
at levet 104 years, had been one of the seller.. te accordance
with African belief, they had ne doubt of lacing re on able, by
ghost power, to kill even him. Their refrain as if,
"Oh, oh, oh I
Bird of freedom, oh
You sold me, oh, oh, oh'
I shall hated you, oh, oh, oh "
The langhter told not of mirth, but of the tears of such an
were oppressee, aml they hail ne comforter. "lie that is
higher than the highest regardeth."
About nerth•east of nue we have a very large country
called elentruenm; lost by the Arabs it is ehortened into
Manyema. It lelicit recently known. The reputation which
the elsnyuenia e,.j..)e.t of beim, eatonhals preveuted the
half-caste trait tradtre from venturing among them Tee
circumstential debate 44 the prat:Bees of the men-eaters
Riess] by neighit nring Wee* were confirmed by two Amt.,
who two seam ace wt nt as far as ,rre, and secured the
protection and frit ndslop of Mennonite's—Lire of ths light-
grey parent e h scar let tell—who woes very tuperi•e• mars.
the rollout° del.s of camishal merles given by the Arabs'
atteedauts erred by the sheer tieese of the shockt g . . .
But wilt atitoeg the c needs at all? Was it tea lite
Heine the Alpine Club in oreer to be laert d if. toe .1011. t
break ye. li'' k where your neck ought to he brilktof This
nen,rs me sheet hank to the watershed AS I profbieed. It In
breed belt of tree-covered uplend, bolne 7 0 tones in Istigth
from west to este The general a`titu•le ia between 4.00
ans 5.000 feet emotes the MA and menet air II stand en it at
various points which are between 11,00) aud 7.0 0 feet above
the ocean level On thi., eat, rsh. it me 1, ge aria hich ate
w. II togh innumerahle— that is, le atoll I tike MO( a omits
lifetime to count them. These springs jen each of her one
fern) nrOoka, WLich Again Con Verge anti he Aetna rivers, torsey
streams of 20, 40, or SO yerde, that never dry. All flow to-
wards the centre 1.1 an immense valley, which I believe to be
the Valley of the Nile. . . .
But thonah I found the watershed between 10 den
12 deg. tenth—tint is, a long way further up the valley
than any one had dreamed—anti saw tee streams of some 13e0
miles of it converging into the centre of the great valley, no
one 'new where it went after that departure out of
Lake Micro. Sense conjectured that it went into Tangan-
yika, but I saw that to de so it must run sip hill Others
le agined that it might flow into the Allentia It was to
lirel out where it actually did go that toll( me into Man
yuema. I could get no Intel-maim] from trailers outside,
and no light could be obteined from the elaneuema within
—they never tra,d, and it was so of oil They consist el
pelt, heedmauships, and each brings his grievance from some
old feud, out is wet's° than our old Ilighlaud ancestors
Every headman of a hamlet would like to tee every
other ruling bleickhead chain. But el were kind to
strangers ; and, tnough terrible fellows among then:'
solves, with their large spears and huge wooden shield',
they wire never known to Injure fortienera till slaver,
tried the effects of gunshot upon them and eeptureo
their wemen and ehileren. Au I unitol get no geogra-
phiem iufermetiou trom nod to feel my wny,
and tripe in the letermli able fere,ts an-1 prat!, a, an
three times took the wrorg direction, going northerly,
not knowieg that the great river makes immense sweeps
to the west and south-west, I felt gall I were runnings my
head against a stone wall. It might after all turn out to he
the Congo ; aunt who would risk le Mg eaten and converted
int•o black man fn rit ? Iliad serloue doubts, lint sleek to It
like a Britten ; sod at last found that the might) river left its
westing .d flee ed right away to the north. The two great
western, drab., the LOB& and Lemame, ruening north-east
oefere Hating the central line or Main —Webb's Lualabe—
told that the western side of the Groat Volley was high,
Ike the emftern and as this meet is reported to go int,
large reedy lakes, it can scarcely be aught else but the west.
ern arm of the Nile. . . . .
The work would all have been finished long ago had the
matter if supplier, of men and go, el, not been entrusted by
Mistake to Vientiane arid their slaves, whose efforts were ali
feeteuey direness! towerde securing my failure. Thelw
Banians are protected English subjects, and by their money,
their muskets, their ammunitiou, the East Africa. Moslem
slave trade is mainly carried on The cunning East Indians
secure most of the profits of the slave trade, and adroitly
let the odium rest on the Arab agents. The Banians will
not harm a flea to a mosquito, but my progress is
geography liae led me to the discovery that they are by
far the worst cannibals in all Africa. They eoMpasts, by
means of Arab agent', the destruction of more human
lives for gain in one year thee the Many-nem% do for
their flesh pots in ten The matter of supplies and men
was unwittingly committed to these our Indian fellow
subjects, who hate to see me in their have market, arid
dread my disclosures on the infaetous part they play. The
slaves were all imbued with the idea that they were not to
follow, but force me back, and after rMtintg on my goods fee
sixteen months on the way instead of three, the whole
stock of goods was sold off for slaves awl ivory. Some of
the slaves who came to Manyuema so baffled and worried
me that I had to return between 500 and 600 miles. The
only help I have received, except half a supply which I
despatched trent Zanzibar in 1866 has been from Mr.
Stanley, your travelling correspondent, and certain remains
of at, wee which I seized from the slaves sent from Zeuzibar
seventeen months ago—and I had to come back 300 miles to
effect the seie are. I welt here—Unyanyembe—, nly till Mr.
Stanley can Send Me *lffy free men from the coast ; and
then I proceel to Millet up the tteogrsphical part of my
mission. I comeback to the Slavery quest:me audit lam per.
mittei in any way to promote its suppression I shall not
grudge the toil and time I have .pent It would be better
to les, en human woe than diecover the sources ef the Nile.
When parties leave Ujiji to go westwards into Manynema
the question naked iv not what goods they oaten, bet how
meet itiels and knee of gunpowder. If they have 200 or 300
meskets and anmemitieu in proportions, they think success
is certaiii. N., traders haters.; ever before entered elatiyuema,
the eaters of ivory was quite unknown. Indeed. the tusks ,
were left ii, the f:oresta with the - the r h lire wie re the ate-
Ina's ha- I been slakt—many were rotten, others were gnawed I
lis a r, stela Antal& to alownen his teeth, us L eldest rate do
on Bedell pipes. If civilly treeted, the people weal into I
the ferest to spot, where they knew. elepliai de had hen n
killeri
either by trees or *earn, atel ',relight the tusks for a few !
c- wee bracelets. I hove seen parties return with so much
ivory, that they carried It by three relate of hundreds of
slaves. But even this did not satisfy human greed. The
Mem rime were tumid to be terrided by the rep wt of gulte :
some, I know believed them to Ise supernatural, for ehen
the effects et a musket hall was shown on a goat, they looked
up te the and offered to bring ivory to tow the •
chaste by which lightning was drawn down. When a
Maxim was assaulted, the mynah. l in terror, and women I
and -chilnirmt were captured. Many of the Manyuema
women, especially far down the Lualaha, are very pretty, I
light coloured, and lovely. It was coalmen to hear I
the Zanzibar slaves—whose faces resemble the features 1
of Loudon door.knoekers, which some atrocious iron- I
founder thought were like throes, of lions—say to each •
other. "Oh, if we had Manyttema wives, what pretty
childret, we should get' . The country abounds in
food of all kinds, and the rich soil raises every.
thing planted in great luxuriance. A friend of mitre tried
rice, and in between three and four mouths it yielded one
hundred and twenty fold: three measures of seed yielded
three hundred and sixty measures. eireze Is so altuntlant
that I have seen I erty-tive loads, each Abend. &Abs., given for
a single goat. The " matze-dura "—or " holcus sorghum
Tennieetum cessana "—sweet potatoes, yams, furnished fir
110 eteited measure, the farinaceous eurrediente of diet the
palm ell, the ground nuts, acid a forest tree afford the fatty
materials of food ; the bananas and plant-aloe, in great prote-
st., .d the sugar-cane the saccharine the palm Whit. leer
of bananas, tobacce tool hange, canabie knave, form tile
luxuries of life: and the villages seam with goats, !sheep,
deo, pigs, and fowls ; while the elephants, buffclees, zebras,
arid tole. or gorillas, yields to the expert hunter plenty of
iinrugehona ingredierits of human toed. It wtao puzzling to
see why thsy should be eaunibals. . . Why finelookitignisn
like them shmild he so low In the moral scale can retry be at-
tributed to the non intrentuctian of that religion ninen make'
th. se niteitieteme aninitig men which plirenelogy and other
glee cannot expl in. The religion et christ triluttlei-
tlonably the best for elan. I refer to it natal the Protesteet,
Inc Cu' belie, the Gret k, or any other but to tee couiprehen-•
Wye faith eh' ch lets 'pre ad more mid, Iv owe the world than
mat peoele Imes ine, aid whose vote tea of whatever name
are better men then any ontaide the pole. We have, tie
demeteerievous fauna, but these, es hi Perla, are ,Metie to the
want f telefoon. Christianls g, nerally are I, ewe than the
heathens, but Meta don't know it, and they are all Im-
measurable better th sal the believe each other to be.
The Mars yenta woolen, raped illy fay lown the Luelaha,
are very prn tty atel very nide:teens. Ike market is, with
them, a smut institution and they work hard al id carry
fur. in or ler to have a inethieg to sell. Margets are oda-
ithelted about lessor fifteen ml'es apart. There those who
edge enseaVa, tealrn, ran, sweet potatoes, ceaseless, them
f r oil, salt, pepper. fish, ane other reinnta ; teals, elite
pigs, koau, grass cloth, mats, and other articles charier,
hett.l4 All are dreseed in their hest—.auey-eloured,
many-folded tilts that reach from the waist to tne
knee. Pt hen '4,00 tir 3000 see together they en-
rce Fitter, thoush chiefly women, and they are so eager
traders they net ndf lin conipmies m night, awl begin to run
se soon se they come within the hum milting rein hUltOrcelle
01 valets. To haggle and joke, and laugh, mei eteat, seems
to be the deareet enj meet of life they confer great
benefit.s epee each other. The Bazenya women are mix It
divers for oysters, and they sell them and fish ter farineceou,
food from the women ox the east of the Lualaba. who prefer
cultivating the soil to fishery. The Matamema have always
told us that women going to market were never molest U.
When the men of two districts were engaged in sclera
hottitit es the woman passed through from one market
to ...thee uuharmed to take her foods, even in tsar, wee a
thing 1144 to be dune. But to these market women the half-
castes directed their guns. Two cases that came under my
own observation were BO eickening I caunot allow the mind
to dwell upon or write about them. Many of both sexes
were killer, but the women and children chiefly were made
captives. So meteor how much Ivory they obtained these
" Ifigger Moelems '' mutt have slavers, and they seasaulted the
markets and villages, and made captiees chiefly, Pi It
appeared to me, because, as the mail run off et the report n•f
guns the. neraid doll witheut danger. thud no Plea before
how soloed thirsty men can be whee they con pour out the Id mil
of ledow•men in safety. And all Ids curate in going on in
Manyuctss at tie very tame I write. It is the lianiaes, out
motected Indian felow.subject 8, that indiresa.y do it all.
We In tee come...fed t• , the Seem Zaezilier the rteht, which
it 011111 to bye.' certete an., elet f Slave 12,1 -
an, t ..t annuntnnt has newt from 121)00 to 20 CO a Seen As
We have been, thi be mud traded for but murdered fog. They
ere ante ave., but treap-s sf nu deceptive. A gullets with a
testine a mite instead ,•1 takine bembnioney, meths
that all were free tie soon at they r ached his territory.
Bet, the Belli:WS have the cost mhouse, and all the Snit
tapt e revenue entirely mi their hands. Lir cahoot trust his
Nieman:dian subjects, even of the better teams, to farm his
income, because, as they themselves sty, he would get

nothing In return but a crop of Iles The Ranting natnrally—
work the custom-house so as to screen their own slaving
agents and, so long as they have the power to promote it,
their Atrocious system of slaving will never cease. For the
sake of lawful commerce it would be p ditto to insist that the
Sultan's revenue by the cis, om h use should he placed in the
hands of an English or American merchant of known reputw
thin and uprightness By this arrangement the Sultan would
he havely benefited, legal commerce tv;hi exalted to a
position It her never hrl I since Bashing and Ito :cms emi-
grated into Eastern Africa, and Christianity to which the
'lave trade is an insurmountable barrier would find an open
-

DAVID LIVIIiGSIONi

James Gordon Bennett_EN