The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-17 00:00:00

SATURDAY, APRIL 17, 1875.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMEYT.

va44 the.l
forward'

the loyalty ,vt_l _ _ Bill, e object of which N
rber, 1873, he —ra:biendtte law rblatlicg
_ .

tio:

we

tii-4

the 1

go-,

il;ared 1:

tantansiial

reading

Mr.

pram

the extent of the legilative-pow.ssAtin tisgreor-General
of India in CounciL
4-11 elf! nO .7
The Ball was raad a second
. .
vs_w
The Patents for
.InVentions..73lll,.the"Mntin't Bill, and the
Marine Mutiny Bill were read a third time and passed, and
their Lordships then adjourned. '
teiew ,a • ,7 114 ii 4 :Mil./ sgut
fricr •; .; .4RIBH 'it ~771
In The ,TholiticOtiCOMmoNs, Mr., -O'Sullivan asked. the
Chief iSßcrelary fqr .-freland if it were
.IsJaei rtlia.t.:therel
were ,about 'font times as many prisons .and bridewells in,
Ireland is were,regUired for the average number Of prisonere
in thit'contitif!"46l; if so; Whether the Government wale
prepared to :brink in a -bill -to amalgamate nine of these
prison-establishments, and • thereby relieve the ceaspayeris.
from unnecessary taxation. I rt,i
•Sirll. Hicks-Beach could not undertake' to say that there 7
were tour times too many as required, but there were more
than was necessary for the average number of prisoners. His
attention had been directed to the question, and he shortly
hoped to introduce a Bill into this House upon the subject.
•
' EMIGRATION 01 CHILDREN TO CANADA.
!Mr. Hopwood asked the President of the Local Govern-
ment Board whether he would lay upon the table all corres-
pondence relative to the emigration of children to Canada,
and to Mr. Doyle's report thereon, and if he 'would state to
the House whether he had taken any and what steps in re-
gard to the said emigration.
Mr. Sclater-Booth said the report was the subject of ZAP
munications now going on with the Governor-General of
Canada, and there was no correspondence which coutti with
propriety be laid on the table of the House. He had taken
.no steps with regard to the said emigration. _
ll've MERCHANT SEAMEN'S FUND. 01'3
Mr. Stewart asked the President of the Board of Trade
'whether her Majesty's Government was prepared to recom-
mend to Parliament an increased vote for pensions of those
seamen (and their dependents) who had contributed to the
Merchant Seamen's Fund, and had complied with the neces...
sary requirements entitling them to receive pensions.
Sir C. Adderley said the Government were not prepared to
recommend an increased vote for the purpose mentioned.
MALT FOR FEEDING CATTLE.
Mr. Storer asked the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether,
seeing that in nearly all other countries (except Belgium)
beer brewed for domestic agricultural use is =taxed-, and
malt might be freely used for the purpose of feeding.cattle
without tax, he was prepared to- adopt any measures for
placing the British agriculturist on a footing of equality with
his foreign rivals in the production of corn-meat and dairy
produce. •
The Chancellor of the Exchequer said he had commun.'
cated with the Inland Revenue authorities, and regretted to
say that he could not see his way clear to take measures in
the manner proposed:
THE ARCTIC EXPEDITION.
Mr. Hanbary-Tracy asked the First Lord of the Admiralty
how many gentlemen forming a scientific staff had been
nominated to accompany the Arctic Expedition; and, lithe
cabin accommodation were too limited to enable him to ap-
point a chaplain, he would take into his consideration the
desirability of cancelling the nomination of one of these
scientific officials so as to appoint a gentleman who might
combine a general scientific qualification with that also of
being in holy orders. 1. in* . •
Mr. Hunt said he had made inquiries, and it would be im
possible to find room for a chaplain on board either o
the vessels without seriously encroaching upon the space
set apart for provisions and stores.
•

ttni-

DECLARATION OY PARIS, t ea.,etqc 150,
Mr. B. Cochrane next called attention to the Declaration
of Paris, 1856, and moved a Resolution that the proposed
renewal Of the Brussels Conference affords a favourable
opportunity of withdrawing from the Declaration, and thus,
maintaining our Maritime Rights. In support of this motion
Mr. Cochrane related the history of the Conference at Paris
in 1856, and maintained that the Conference had no right to
make the Declaration by which the chief elements of our
maritime power, the right of search and the right of priva-
teering, were abandoned. Mr. Cochrane read numerous
quotations from persons of great authority to the same effect, •
and insisted that, as Parliament had never sanctioned the
Declaration, we ought at once to denounce it.
Mr. Hermon seconded the motion, wishing to make war
as disagreeable as possible.
Mr. Cartwright moved the Previous Question, thinking the
time most inopportune for moving in this matter. Moreover,
he maintained that in the Declaration of Paris we made no
new concessions, and he proved it by enumerating various
Treaties, from the time of Oliver Cromwell downwards, in
which we had entered into the same agreements. The De-
claration of Paris had never been condemned by Parliament;
on the contrary, it had been approved by a Select Com-
mittee. • In 13P
Sir John Hay argued the questimi from the Naval Officer's
point of view, and asserted that the Declaration of Paris had
crippled our maritime supremacy. ..;

Mr. Serjeaut Simon, though unable to agree mitt Mr.4l
Coclirane's suggested mode of escaping from the Declaration
of Paris adhered to his opinion, formerly expressed, that we
had made a great mistake in departing from the old condi-
tions of maritime warfare, on the manifest advantages of which '
he dilated with much energy and earnestness.
Sir H. D Wolff asked what was the use of our fleet if it:
was not to he employed in cutting up the enemies' commerce:'
He contended that the Declaration was neither morally nor'
legally binding, and, considering that the House seemed vir- •
tually unanimous on the subject, he advised Mr. Cochrane to
withdraw his motion.
Mr. Ashley opposed the motion, and argued that we had
made frequent Treaties embodying the same principles as
the Declaration of Paris.
Mr. Bourke; on behalf of the Government, considered the,
motion from two points of view—ought they to have taken
the opportunity of the Brussels Conference to take the step
it recommended, and were they bound to denounce Ire D •
claration of Paris at all? With regard to the first, he pointed
out that to introduce the Declaration of Paris into the
Brussels Conference would have been to raise all manner of
delicate and debatable points. As to the more general ques- •
tion of denouncing the Declaration of Paris, no doubt, in
conceding the principle of " Free Ships make Free Goods,"
we gave up a right which we had always held to be a
powerful arm of maritime warfare ; but the question
now presented to us was whether, finding these Declara-
tions a part of international agreements, we ought to re-
pudiate them because some persons at the time we made
them thought we had taken a false step. But, in the first,
place, we should be met by the subsequent Declarations or
the London Conference of 1871 that no Power could'
withdraw from a solemn agreement without the consent'
i of the other Powers. Although the declaration might
lack some formalities, it still constituted an engage-
' ment, and our Plenipotentiaries who signed it had
full powers. We had made various treaties with
foreign Powers on the principle •of "Free ships make
Free Goods," and to act on contrary principles had
always had a tendency to irritate our Mende and to Involvel
us in difficulties with the neutrals. As to privateering, no
country was more interested in its abolition than we were.
He pointed out that the Declaration does not touch the right
of search nor the law of contraband, and he concluded that
we could not abandon it with any fidelity to • national en-
gagements. He should, therefore, vote for the Previous.
Question.
Sir William Harcourt characterized Mr. Bourke's speech 4
as wise, prudent, and sagacious. lie agreed with him that
we, of all nations, were most interested in abolishing
privateering, and showed that " Free Ships Rieke Free
Goods' had been the cardinal principle dr the Tory
foreign policy of the last century. We were compelled to
. abandon the right of seizing enemles'.goods at the begin-
ning of the Crimean War in order that we might co,„
operate with France, which was as strong an advocate ofi
neutral bottoms as Russia herself, and he had the authority
:of Lord Clarendon for asserting that the Declaration would.
c have been made at Paris whether England had joined in it or
not. That Declaration was a compromise between our
'Belligerent claims and the doctrines of Armed Neutrality,
and the advantage, as he showed, was very much on our
side, inasmuch as we gained, among other things, the abolition
of privateering, of the right of convoy, and a stricter defini-
tion of blockades. •
After some observations from Mr. Forsyth, who expressed
, disappointment at Mr. Bourke's speech, and from Lord C.
Beresford, who regretted the prise-money of which the
, Declaration would deprive Naval Officers of the future, Mn,
; Cochrane offered to withdraw his motion. This, howeverla
was "objected to, anti he left the House without voting;!
The result of the Division was that the " Previotte
Question" was carried by 261 to 36, so that the Resolution
was not put. i.sh4,l,
.
The ot/,',,.liineestkavas disposed of, and the House
. _
to

)ther
adj our._ tcl 4,llaFtik; ;170 rp, iso.. —.att. X
.sitru.; i 3,fr 4llLlttel
I --.tiaos L • • Jusinislft
I • Al!-.,rislt FU.M, TS BI,T,Le I ion iv
In the HOUSE :Wg .---f April 14, Sir J. LubT
moved the secone - `" Ancient -
/ the I,'
Celt'

) Hain ;s,- bbock
40Ve he second 'reading of the ~cient Monuments Bill,
which, he stated, was substantially the measure of last year,
and was to protect any British, Celtic, Roman, or Saxon
,remains that the commissioners to be appointed under the
`Act might deem necessary. In schedules attached to the
,33111 a number of ancient monuments were scheduled as
worthy of preservation, and when the Act had been applied to
la4nonument it should not be lawful for any person to permit
*jinjury to it without the consent of the commissioners, who
IWere to be empowered to acquire national monuments by
iptuchase when they thought necessary, the money to be pro- '
,vided out of the public funds with the consent of the
Treasury. Power was given to transfer the care of public
•monuments to public bodies, anct they were not to be rated.
when vested in the commissioners.
Sir C. Legard moved the rejection of the Bill The meal)!
(Sure had, he said, been rejected last year by a large majority'
jot the House, and there was no reason why it should meet
.with a more favourable reception this year. The bill, he
- contended, interfered with the rights of private property.
Wherever an ancient monument existed it would be pre-
served by the owner of the land, by whom this proposition
would be felt almost as an insult, and who was justly proud !
of the ancient relics he had inherited. He opposed the Bill
mainly on the grounds that it interfered with the law of
itrespass, was an invasion of the rights of property, and was
in no way conducive to the interests of an advanced and
advancing
Lord F. Hervey submitted that the Bill deserved to be
rejected at once on its merits, and by a decisive vote of the
House.
Mr. Beresford-Hope supported the Bill, and asked the.
Douse to pass a measure which would prevent •thq.,earting „
away of the ancient monuments of the country. , 1.in44
Mr. Raikes opposed the Bill, as interfering with the rights
of private property, and stated that in the event of its pass-
ing second reading he should feel it his duty to move that it
be referred to a hybrid committee, and power given to all
persons scheduled in the Bill to appear before the committee
and be examined.
i •
,Mr. Forster did n.it think that the objects of the Bill could
be arrived at by means.of a private Bill, and could not see
that the measure differed in any great degree from public
Willis before the House, which admittedly interfered with
private rights. The necessary objects could be made in the
schedule; and that the question might be settled this year
he trusted that Sir John Lubbock would accept the sugges-
tion to allow it to be referred to a hybrid committee.
Mr. Ilenley opposed the Bill.
Mr. 0. Morgan had as touch respect for the rights of pro-
perty as any one, but regarded the opposition to this Bill as
springing from the rights of prdperty run mad. (A laugh.)
Lord Etch° supported the Bill, and submitted that it would
likLie we for the Ilou-e to accept the principle of the measure
sthat it was desirable to preserve our ancient montunents.
Mr. Rodwell said that to pass such a Bill as this would
I mark an entire revolution in the law relating to such
matters. He urged-- that the Bill be withdrawn and that
another be introduced which would include monasteries and
abbeys and other ancient buildings within its provisions, as
well as tumuli and megalithic monuments.
Mr. Law supported the Bill.
The Attorney-General agreed with theliiamble of the
Bill, but found that almost every clause in it interfered with
the rights of property. If the principle of the measure were
once admitted there was no telling where it would stop, and
legislation might be introduced to preserve old coins and the
paintings of old masters.
Sir W. Harcourt remarked that Mr. Beresford Hope was a
sound Conservative on most subjects, and had the soundest
respects for the rights of property, but when once a question
if art and archreology was raised he at once became almost
iimunist in his views, and would stop at nothing.
,ughter). Be (Sir William) strongly oppossd the second
lig of the Bill. ;Ai bet so
. E. Stanhope and Mr. Whalley supported the-Bur
Ir. G. Bentinck opposed the Bill as an invasion of the
hts of property„and urged that it it were passed extraor-
iary powers would be vested in the commissioners to be
pointed under it. serer; ny DALT r.c
d; as a proof of its value,
Hr H. Peek supporta-AA-FM; an
terred to the condition of Ctesar's Camp, near Wimbledmr,
mere he said the trees were being cut down and the ground.
,elled, that the land might be let for building purposes,
d the site destroyed, notwithstanding that every effort had,
m made to induce the owner to preserve the camp. The 1
Id was being let for £lO a year, so that for a paltry £9O a
ran ancient monument eighteen centuries oict wa4 PoU
t Aasi9b lu, Juiolu7 e 4 t • 1,
cusae .heirioota

_
e ,14.4 vTha. tbe1re44.1!M:903,11e,*(14711/5511,111M
Mr. Itaikes gave notice that, on the motion for going into
committee on the Bill, he would move that it be referred to a
hybrid committee, before Whiim' all persons interested could
appear. . , .
OFfrEgCt AdllllBPrlffh I'.tßBo.l.
Mr. 'Ciiailey moved the second reading of the fiffences
against/ t persons Bill, the object of which is td extend
the age! atWllichgfrlS ate protected from assaults; famir 14 to
16 ysariLl lisauvr,
After/41AM 4011441ifiatibtf-the Bill was read.. a second
time. :IR Lald ob at r 4.1 : ••ff -as .1e..• •..
The MuncciPai Fleetiouritlltypassifd 'through •oilatintitie,4
and.the House adjournddurnie nix a
_

soi igneaTmuititatE AT FlnginabbA
• 0 .1114, . blooTT
'The lateit da' tits" Fliji are to the 30th of January. 'on ,
j the 7th of that month the group was visited by a disastrous -
' hurricane, which • did great damage at Levuka.ghe Fiji
fintes 'of the 9th has the 'following with reference to the
shipping in the harbour :
; ".As morning dawned we were anxious tci findiitit
the fate of the shipping, and directed our glass to where
her Majesty's schooner Beagle had been anchored the
night previously, together with two small craft,
but we were only rewarded by a sight of the
angry waters, not a vessel being in sight. We
directed our gaze to the south, and found only a
few of the vessels anchored the night previously plunging
at their anchors. A few minutes later revealed to
sight the schooners Beagle and Tui Lau stranded
side by side on the point opposite Dr. Brower's, with
the cutter Ethel riding at anchor in rather dangerous
proximity, with the debris of a fourth vessel between
the Tui Lau and the Beagle, which turned out to be
the cutter Albert, which had been completely smashed
up between the two larger vessels. Several small craft
were also stranded along the beach. From inquiries
instituted, we learn that between eleven and twelve
o'clock some of the small craft began to get adrift, and
at half-past twelve Messrs. Hennings' schooner' Tui
Lau, about 60 tons, parted her best cable, and, drag-
ging her second anchor, went ashore, and now lies bilged
on her port side. Half an hour later, the Albert, a cutter
of about 15 tons register, belonging to Messrs. Houng,
Lee, and Co., broke adrift, and went ashore beside the
Tui Lau. She was loaded with copra and trade to the
value of some £4OO, and is a total loss, having gone all
to pieces. Her Majesty's schooner Beagle broke
adrift from her two cables about one o'clock, and after
running down the cutter Annie Young, and fouling
the schooner Levuka and several others, brought up
on the point of reef opposite the American Consulate,
and just to leeward of the Tui Lau. Captain Randall
was unable, from the darkness of the night, to make
out his position, and was under the impression that he
had stranded on the outer reef, and, expecting the
vessel to go down in deep water on the sea side of the
reef, proceeded to cut away the masts to save
life, but after a few strokes with the axe
lights were visible ashore. The vessel now
lies on the point, bilged on the port quarter,
but will be immediately lightened, and hauledup for
i ,
repairs. The crew will, n the meantime be quartered
at Nasova. The lowest reading of the barometer on -
board the Beagle was 23.50, falling half an inch during
the hour previous to the parting of the"cables. The
captain of the schooner Levuka reports that !soon after'
the Beagle fouled his vessel, a smallntitter passed by,'
which may probably turn out to be the cutter Annie '
Young, which the Beagle carried away; and. if inch is
the case she may have gone to sea, and may turn
with a southerly breeze. The owner (Mr. Charles Rit-
terhoff) was on board at the time of her being carried
away, as also acre wof three natives. Several other small
boats and vessels have also been smashed I;qs' ' and those
Which ran to Nai Koro Koro have tiotaltoiether
escaped, although nothing of a very serious nature has
happened to them. There 'are no lives lost except in
e case of the Annie Young, ' which, as previonsly.
entioned, was either run 'down or parted 'her anchor,
d stink or gone over the reef, as she is entirely
issingt,;.' Nautical men say the hurricane was the
rongeaf which has occurred for the last six years. 7
o news'of the Annie Young had been heard of to;
the 30th January,_thougb, boats had been pent out,
search.
.1.%;.11.0 J. •tka• tt a

th,
rn(
an
rn•
sti
Ni
to
in
4
1 ri.
, ew
epeat
-Workm
General
city
1 op .
'itunons.
War

froni

n I.eksaz)(

bttil ,14041 U 41 • Mk . 11.011 D 3.
'RAPE' UNIONISM .7-ni 'THE • ttyIITISD
.0 t
_ S. 411W.V. OtAli"
Tradennionifsm-does not appear to !be!lichkrisbing in
.ew York (remarks the Pall Mall Gazette). The
peated strikes and the suffering caused thereby to
-)rkmen participating in them are, says Consul-
•.ral Archibald, in his commercial report on that
,y for last year, just printed, at last beginning to
Jen the eyes of the workmen to the evils of trade
. .

, It appears that the unions, taken as a whole,
dve since 1873 lost one-fifth of their members, aggre-
;Sting 9, 900 men. As a rule, these people have found em-
ployment, though at very reduced rates, but they now
see the advantages of steady work over starving
ein idleness in the hope of getting a few dollars
linore. The unions have been managei by men '
Who. inever do an honest day's work themselves, and'.
o" yet always contrived to prosper whether real
orkrnen sneceeded or not. When this fact became
generally understood a remarkable falling-off com-
menced with the membership of the different
societies, notably the painters and coopers, which have
lost respectively 10 and 40 per cent. of their con-
tributors, the cigar-makers, 30 per cent., and shoe.'
makers 20 Per cent. The hatters, tailors, horse-
shoers, and longehore men maintain their strength,
though the 'number of the latter bids 'fair to be
!much depleted -through reeent difficultios with
shipowners, which •,onlminated in a foolish and
entirely unsuccessful strike. FrOm some tables" fur-
ished by Consul-General Archibald, giving an accu-
te and comprehensive view of the condition of trade
-in; in New York 'City, and approximating very
3sely to that of workmen outside of the 'unions, it
?pears that the mechanics and day labourers number
atween 82,000 and 83,000 (not including the skilled
4bour of iron manufacturers), and that the prcbable
Umber of workmen out of employment is under
, •.„ ,
IVI
• .

ullion

) igou fr.iTHE BELGTHAFRONE.:•VIL'.
1
i; • ..,,,
. The birth of an heir to the Throne .of Belgium is sac
eyent not without political importance for Englishu
men, who have guaranteed the independence of theek
State (remarks the Echo). The Salle Law prevails lig
the country, and the only son of the King, the Prince
iopold Ferdinand, died, as will be remembered, soon
'a ter he had passed out of childhood. His Majesty's
eldest, daughter, who is excluded from the Throne by
reason of her sex, was lately married to a Saxon
Prince, and until Thursday the (inky life which stood
between the King and a difficulty an :the Royal suc-
cre
cession, was that of the heir presumptive, his brother,
the Comte de Flandre, a man 38 years of age. The
Countesse de Flandre on Thursday gave birth to a
son, .aii event which will certainly cause much rejoicing
in Belgium, and which is so far of importance to
'England that it removes for.the. present the difficulty
in regard to the devolutiowof the Crown of Belgium,
"which must otherwise ' -ve arisen upon the death of
the pre_senf - )vereign. hat, in the...circumstanoes,.

hay(
~ent SON . TL
there should bt a prospect of any such difficaltybffords
another condemnation of that law which stilt obtains
over so large a part of Eu..ope, and which is, in fact,
esponsible for the Carlist War. Don Carlos' claims
to legitimacy are, as every one knows, based upon
nothing more substantial than the whim of au ancestor
adopted this Salk Law, but without any ratitica-
by the col which afterwards declared the

who
tion by _le country, ,
non-existence of that law by accepting a Queen who.
reigned from 1833 to 1868. We need not point to
England and to our happiness and procperity under.
Her Majesty, or to that of our ancestors under Eliza-
beth, for the additional proof of the inexpediency of
this law—now-a-days more than ever apparent, where
'there is no pretence for regarding countries and
nations as Royal domains and appanages.
Wow'

. - -
i abis ( Oi. . Las ,Jaaft
i -ob c, ' ASSYRIAN HISTORY,'i •"1._•.1? ''
ow •• • ~,,,, ,V.,11,11D Xlll W.:
Art'
I raitii -

aondon, on Saturday afternoon, Mr. George
delivered the first of a series of three lectures at
•stitv,' , --

on 7ricis-3Trian History." There
a numerous attendance of members and visitors.
iThe learned lecturer introduced his subject with
llidme remarks on the physical geography of the Tigris
'Valley, and other advantages fitting it to be the seat
..Of a mighty Empire. He recapitulated the fabulous
aecounts in Otesias of the foundation of such an Em-
pire by Ninus and his consort Semiramis, the type of
an Oriental Queen. The cuneiform inscriptions had
long since given the coup de grdee to these imaginative
Accounts. Mr. Smith stated that the earliest inhabi-
*tants of Assyria, so far as is known from those inscrip-
'-tions, were those called Akkadians, Proto-Clialdeans,
and by other appellations. They were acquainted
with many of the useful and even some of the fine
arts, and had attained, when we first make their 94-*
quaintance, a respectable pitch of civilization. They
sPoke a Turanian language, akin to the Tartar,
LTurkish, and Finnish. At a very early period they
must have been masters of most of Western Asia. At
an early date, which present researches do not as yet •
r liable us to fix with precision, the primeval Empire
was overthrownby tribes speaking various dialectsof the
Semitic family of languages. As to the cradle of these
ednquering Semites the inscriptions are silent as yet,
and even as to the fact of such a conquest. Several
icholars think Arabia was most likely their home.'
The Assyrians themselves were essentially Semitic
race and language. Their civilization, however,-
idteven the bulk of their religion, they owe to their

ranian antecessors, and even the great religious
.iries in Genesis show traces fof affinity to the same
digenous belief. No Assyrian monument of known
4e reaches higher than 8.0. 2,300, but the vast andregu-
rly constructed towers, the fine engraving and other
,rks of art, the already developed mythology and
,rature which we find at that early period cannot
libly be the infancy of eivilization in the Euphrates

ordin

*mit

Lt dej

rat,
EIP
lit
;raphy
Assyrian
besides
the

lley: After a rd;umg of the most ancient geo:-
- - of the regoin, the lecturer spoke of the
, mythology, with its three great gods,
a crowd of lesser ones—viz., Any, spirit of
heavens, ever at rest and careless of sublunary
* thf

things; Bel, the active god of the surface of ..ue
earth and the tutelary of the Babylonians; and
lastly Hea, the lord of wisdom, god of the sea, of all
deep and hidden things and lord of the regoin of the
dead. The subordinate gods and spirits had each his
peculiar functiems and b's special city and sanctuary.
i
T, mytholo, the ical system nto which these

The _ togy, poetk
gods and genii were interwoven, possesses beauties,
of; its own, which are quite sufficient to draw'
attention to it; but it has a double interest. for u5,,,1
as showing an early stage in the great cyst,-
. . .

goddess's descent into the underworld was then sum-
marized. The lecturer announced that he had lately
lighted upon a new Assyrian document germane to this
subject. The details which he gave of these new revela-
tions were listened to with brea'' ' hiterest. They re-
‘ted to the genesis of the univ,
Uhl fall, the Deluge, and ti
,bylonianß and Assyriansi
Tnie

[lli%
1 the
;in,

---
eras. -These

the Creation, of liloød, of tili-TOv-rer Awl
lastly of lidubar fir Nimrod, It ii Aot kiirlitht&reee4
on what-, principle they reckoned €4lll
these events; -or • Whit :ground they mayiaMpag:uri
• some •of these ',traditions.: There was eiel7rgai4 a ,
and early.iraditionf in the Euphrates Valley as
creation, one version of which is kiiewnielts'ffoni thW
fragments of Berosus. Mr,-G.. Smith had recently found
an Assyrian copy of,arelther riinph faller And differing
n several points from this account of Berosus, an!'
apparently -approaching: alOsely v:the • • account in the,
100,11 Of Genesis. The account •of the creation com-
• mences 'with a description-of Chaos before the formation
of. the universe. In order to, show the style of.this
composition, he quoted the opening lines of the.first
tab/et Of the history of the creation : When
on high the Heavens were -not 'raised ' 2, and
beneath- ,On the earth a -plant had not grown;
3, and-the-deeps had not yet produced their
seedal)brto the chaos Tiamat - (or the ocean)
was the begetter of the whole of the/124. 5, their watereri
first were established, but, 6; a treelad not grown_upg
a flower had not unfolded; 7, then the gods !had nsoir
founded anything; 8, a plant had not sprung upenit
order did not exist; 9, there were made the, gods
only;' 10; 1014 the demigods they caused to exeit..;,;
11,. and tgerow . . ; 12, and the upper expanse
and rthe'l erviipanse existed; 11, and a course of
days and on- time passed." The account of the'
creation goes eni to describe in great detail the subse-7,
quent formation of the heavens and the earth, windingu.
up with the creation of man. The philosophy of their
Babylonians and Assyrians in this respect was evidently'
similar to that of the writer of Genesis, for they,
describe man as a.perfect being at his creation and
as falling from th'S'high estate. ACcOrding to the
book of Genesis 'Mail was planted in the Garden of
Eden' and Sir Hem Rawlinson, to whom we ewe so
much in Assyrian decipherment, had long ago identi-
fied Eden with the Kar-Dunias or Gan-Dunias of the
inscriptions. Kar-Dunias is one of the names of
Babylonia, perhaps belonging properly to some par-
ticular part of the country, and it is said to be watered
12y fohr ,rivers, just like Eden in Genesis 4W,p, Sir
Heng-Rawlineon we are also 'indebted -for
..the dia.
èovery ofenotheipoint in the belief of the Babylonian
—vim,- the opinion that there were - -tem distinct
races •of 'mankind, the dark race 'and I the fair(
race. The grounds of this division of the: human
family • are :unknown, but the dark race appears
to correspond to the Adamites or sons o Adam
in Geneses, while: the fair race 'agrees with the
" , sons' of GoV in the same book. Many of the
legends told With respect to the period between the fall
ff man and the flood relate to those races, and the two
"de, Hes, lord of the sea, and Merodach, his son, the'
of Babylon, figure prominently in them. Ac- •
ig to the Babylonians, violence and strife filled
earth after the fall, and the anger of the gods 's
brought about the deluge. The flood marked the
; great division in the history of the Valley of the
?hrates, and it-was followed,,according to them,: byl
return Of the. survivOre froni,;the.del.uge to Baby-,„
:a, where thili again: set tlioneselveaup against _t*t
ag,,:aticl„ founded the :lefty and towei on gijiiiiite.ol
_ orw.- it
13j21.3da1UTti.0444_41..1-dPg saw,,
*tit tfir
",

I. surf,
• tiBTAINE
- '
nEgspvi gaiLii FILM ji !ad.( IL, I', •10 tm.ll,
An account ialpvenby•UonsulDonokoe corn-.
- - • • - -
iercial report on tan:more,just issued, of the process
y *hick the ice crop on the Susquehanna river is
ibtained by the icemen. Before the 'opening of the
ason the different dealers build 'their icehouses on
;he banks Of the river. These houses are made of
ordinary pine boards, and the sides or walls are double
with an air chamber one foot wide on all sides. When -
this chamber is filled with sawdust the house is almost
ierfectly air-tight. The houses hold from 400 to 500
ills of ice, which remains on the banks of the Susque-
nanna until the opening;64 ,the spring, when it is
brought to Baltimore,,. papal boats and Schooners.
The cutting__ is done Bat entirely by, machinery.
When the le,e has reidhed the required thick-
less the wbrk nerinnienoes ithinediately. Me men' re-
__ . _

Ave from 1 del.- 75c. to 2 dolls; 50c. per day, according
b the kind of work they:do. The most,ftperienced.
iorkmen are engaged as" plowmen" andl!". settlers.'-z
Chem) last-mentioned workmen set the: V** in tiers,J,
‘f ter it has been brought-into the house by the eletse:
,ors. The blocks of ice are laid on their edgevin
flyers, easla Ives extending over the entire surface ,of.
;he house,
.aiid each tier is laid tranversely. or in the
)Pposite direction to the one under it; so that villoia
me layer or tier is taken out of thetonsei-, the next
a.e below will not become broken!'bi"cracked`by.,,
tie work. If the tiers were all 'laid in one Airee- •
t on, the whole mass would freeze' together; aid -it:
would be found utterly impossible to take cniflthei ,
blocks in the condition they were stored.: The men
on going to work are divided into bodies of twenty- ,
five, and each of these gangs work separately. These
are again subdivided, and , each man's work is
isigned to him. The ice is first marked dr by
eans of ainachine resembling a light.plough:',.The
.` marker" is drawn by mules, and ' requires ' two.
men to manage it. Immediately afterthe- marking'
machine follows the "ice-low," a curious-looking in, • q
strument, with a dozen bright steel teeth, set in a frame !i
not unlike a patent cultivator beam. The plough is also 1
drawn by mules, and its teeth are kept in the straight ,
lines made by the marking machine. It can be
set to cut ice of any thickness, but the ice is.
never cut entirely through, an inch or so being left- a
on the bottom uncut, and this is easily broken oil by a
,"spade." As the ice is ploughed, a number of men:
h pole the cakes to the elevator, and it is carried
I:into the house in one continuous stream. • The '
elevator is simply an endless chain armed with steel
hooks a few feet apart, and resting on a frame-.
work of boards. As the chain revolves it passes through!
the water, where the hooks seize the blocks of ice, and:
they can be carried up into the house at the rate of
190 per minute, if such speed should be required..Thel
ice drops out of the elevator when it enters the house, ~,
and is caught in " runs " made of plank. These runs
e*tend in every 'direction; and as the cakes of ice drofp
into them a gang of workmen called "pushers" ref-
, Wove the blocks to the men who are engaged in tiering,
it. As each tier is laid, it is levelled and smoothed off
With adzes before another is put down. Working in
-this way a single gang of twenty-five men will store
from 200 to 250 tonaof 8-inch ice in aday.—PaitAfalili
G,aze:fte- ..., ,e, .114. A_ .h 3. . .. 9eiN _ la st obit

EA
lia
booth-sus ber:---:-...----t,--,---anfatoluil td let° :i..
• c, ' il ')
ONIMEIC OF, AN 'ETllEit"lttliAtEle • ' 1
us'ir,:n -t-:.);,, • : -,- '
101 ' erintea aC7 tis ot nd
,azet narrateetfiel w
Ic ' ' ' - ti,tiribil -
: niiiiiiiiiied 3iitatieti 64 Berlin hOsPital.:% l'
, ainineof genrtal 'debilitY;ll6is of appetite,' ' Mid'.
cnlar tremors.nNo internal disease was detected'Ori
;1 mination beyond a slight enlargement of the liveil;9
, t the filthy and abject appearance of the patient',
curiously in contrast with his educated speecb,
en he explained-that. what .at -first-was supposed I
be the strong alcoholic smell of his -breath was
2.7 due to ether. . It turned out, in fact? that this'
tfortunate wretch, in the endeavours which be had-
making for years past to cultivate his emotions
means of ether, had succeeded in reducing-
'; from an honourable position to,: his_pre-
', , te. F- ‘ert 'Nay

sally
nu
ben
rlf
r plorable state. orm y-,‘,11 :Was . man ,
Perate habits, free from excess 6t any kind, and
ch engaged in philosophical and esthetic studies,
th a too great tendency to theologico-mystical
eculations. He had gone through his university
xaminations with honour, and his future prospec.ts
r'ere encouraging, when a work of Dieffenbach's on
1: employ tof ether fe
arcosll w
l into his in which
in si-
ll
o
ro
111
1113
00
elli
b

_ men. _ hands,
phenomena of -n. , were depicted _ such
,wing colours as to arose the expectations of one
ited with an imaginative disposition. He resolved
try its effects, and in December, 1865, first inhaled
an two ounces to two ounces and a half of sul-
furic ether, which he poured upon his Rocket-
idkerchief while lying on a sofa alone in his
mi. He • in become unconscious, and a
lee of viv: pictr.res, chiefly of a mystical
aracter. each of otbr- in utter ,1-)fiance
and -

8001
Evid illusory
succoded t _Jer,as of time space •so that while he
ted to have lived through interminable ages,
- that he bad scarcely slept •

CD,
of all idef
had seer
he

, found on awaking apt a
,40arter of an hour. No ill effects whatever resulted
f- the ' , and from his subsequent employ-
ter he - we-- ex- \cod any .ysical
Thr „

.rom trial,
merit of the etht never ..__perienk
inconvenience. Lie remarkable and unique
stance in this person's case, is that he did not,
resort to the ether for the relief of any bodily
pain, ,but induced narcosis purely as a means
of enjoyment. Unfortunately he could not rest ,
content with his first experiment the insensibility„
becoming interrupted just as he seemed to be on the)
point of attaining his desires. This was repeated,l ,
therefore, but he found the dreamland which he con-
jured up was by no means BO rich in pictorial effect as
that produced by his first narcosis, however large and
repeated the doses of ether might be. The inhalation
soon became a mere habit, and from being sparingly ,
indulged in was transformed into an irresistible
propensity, all the original aspirations after the
lofty and eternal having given way to the
craving for a merely sensuous stimulus. , At first
only
,etherising himself in Il own room, this
, soon' ceased to satisfy him, and, with his hand-
kerchief saturated with ether applied to his mouth
and nose; be staggered through the streets from one
apothecary to another, in order to -purchase small
quantities of ether, as the large quantities which beat
last found requisite to produce.complete narcosis were
not permitted to be sold. In fact he had reached the
point of consuming from two to two and a half pounds
of ether daily. Driven from his abode through the
disgust given to other lodgers by the smell of the ether
and refused supplies by the apothecaries, he became a
•wander,-- .v shelter Where he ,coulditil,
-npelled him
if aecay
41,

atm
boys
•wok
them

_ding wre• seeking
until at last his exhausted pow4iiink to
)t the aid of the hospital.:„:ai .717,15,4091/ •il'•
• . T Irl4 bus tth.m,
.14 • . dpuoitit b4l
-do MI RUMOUR OF WAR! ',lt, stse
• !! • !re to 1,4,1
The latest threat of war on the Continent is the'
threw

A of a German named Herrmann
' Sent in his ultimatum to the Prince of Monaco. This
fiery German wanted to enter a gambling saloon in
i
the principality; but he was under the impression that
tickets were not made for Teutons, and so he insisted
on entering 4. . of _ Thr
thi

ig without' a card _ admission. __no
determination brought him into collision with the
ittendants ; from the dooF to' the police-court was
'an easy transition, and twenty: fourhours' incarceration
Ibl Em as the punishment for his offence. erging from
e dungeon he gave the 'Prince. of. Monaco notice
I at =less 'he received an Indemnity of aiMudred
. ...,
al

'thousand 'franes--" requisition" is ..iwaye the , first
thought of your German—together with, the can-
'ceiling of his fientenee, and an assnranae that the
magistrate wbb condemned him should be sent,eneed
hard ',ler and,*

withal, quarrelled with his friend, and said in anger,
"Take care, or I will step across the frontier and pelt
your castle with stones."
_Something of the same sort
we remember of another German Sovereign, who,
anxious to complete his military preparations, bought
had to negotiate with the
mthe erattila of targets in
I his own didinot afford the

i ardiat tohffeerg,..irigai t-g"
topppyta:katl3ithlvei4'-m..
fi no-
rt, e
zi-v smallere n t 7f. cp
supmrotanecdt the
Little State-Of'Wenaco 'from the -Vengeance of the
'4-1109./..44/Afri4 u-t )."' ,; - ' ' -.C.:
. , . . _.
trioD etll Hi 0....al va1..1-,;. . . , 1:.,
. _ 7
°/aI;:titRit'PEIVAOCcpiIOTIVAS. ' " . 1
aira..m , ,A. pat. •". , • . .1; •0 ... •,r.!,-
1 ft will be interesting - • .0W 'sat.; the keiv.:kork
Tows), that firelese,...lodo , .„- •es are in .censtett and
iniCeessfnlioPeratiOir On'ef.c %;• ncr iniburhei railway in. '
Ne*,'Orleansl--nardelY; th --New Orleans ' and ' Car-
rolton Railway, tinder the able Management of General -
G. T. Beauregard. Thlraceens bite been achieved,
too under the most adverse and. it4rqmising cir-
ciinlstances. ; ,The road under otter' iftOtOk A 440-
meuts had become 'nearly Valueless, its 'stock haviiii ,
gene down to seven cents. ; but it is now a payinf '
and valuable road. The road is about six mileef
in. length. • From the centre to the outskirts of the
city
.it is., operated: by mule power • there the mulefil,
takeurfrom:the °Arnim' thcalittle firelese locomotive :is 1
atticlitd, which .is accomplished., in. flee', time than !
Woiild be occupied in attaching. ainitheromple. The
train isi then Off like a rocket, the driver on the
platform of the 'car working the engilie,' rii4ing
.the
brakes, and making change, Ai' Ural,. there is no
Other person on the train to" itttend to these duties.-
The The car is started and stopped quicker than vehe
drawn by the mule. The railway (double track) is int
the middle of a very wide etreet, and is a little raisedir
lo that it cannot be crossed by carriages except at the
Street crossings;. thus, being somewhat isolated,
high speed is admissible. The locomotive is simply
a cylinder of .. boiler iron, perhaps thret feet in
diameter and ten feet long, mounted on.four wheels,
and partly filled With water. The engine (a double'
vertical) is attached to the end of the cylinder next the)
car, being within reach of thedriver. The cylinder;
is then filled with steam at a proper pressure, from a
stationary boiler at Carrollton, when the locomotive is
ready, and it Will rtui• to the city and back without
care or expense. There-is no fire, no ashes, no pump,
no danger, and leas noise than from-, hoofs of horses.
The expense of this means of propulsion, General
Bea.uregard assured me: is less than by. mulee.. e.. 6 mud
. _ „
HIGIMA*4tO2BERX 00' OP 1
' , : • ....
An Occasional Correspondent of The Times, writing from 1
Rome, the 7th inst. gives the following particulars of the
shameful act of brigandage in the Appian Way, in broad day-
' giTheT four ladies in question—they are English—
eat into the Piazza de Spagna to engage a carriage
drive along the Appian Way. The distance—five
lies—they desired to go being beyond the two-mile
rcnit to which the tariff applies, they had as usual a
fficulty in making a bargain. While trying to come
I terms with a driver who was seeking to exact double
' e amount
,of a reasonable farei another came for.,
; int out the different objects of interest. •The
I
*ce he named being still sufficiently sicrbitant;)
r ey offered something -leas-;,. which the driver'
3 as urged to accept by a 'bystander, who the
ladies afterwards remembered had manifested unusual'
Interest in their welfare. Going from Rome the man
drove very slowly, at which the ladies remonstrated, "
and when asked the-name of any ruin they passed,
told theni.they could look in their books. On reaching'
Castile Rotondo they ordered the coachman to turn,
.hbmewards and then his manner changed. At the
, ilia Of the-Quintilif he asked them if they would not
StO get doWnend examine 'the rains -there;-. which,
ek. i did. i Having remained -' a • 'Vert' . tithe' theki
turned ito the carriage; one mounting 1 the - ,box 1
'lf rw.thet-- sake: :of the view.. 1. At alxrat,,issr: miler'
i am iji.oroe,.the horses. were -eUddenly" stopped
• - Awn . men,. one of whom held a silver....
/
•moriiited pistol at, their: heads,. While the.other pre-
-0
* nted hiinsell at the dbor,ofthecarriage demanding the
dieeniOney,et theSsaine time holding'along stiletto
inted at the throat of the lady nearest:to Ithi, the
aehman in the meantime having descended from his
lel, The brigands then tore three gold chains from the.
ies' neck's, took from them two gold watches apursei,'
d a gold eyeglass; and, as in their agitation they:.
-could not resist the feminine weakness of screaming
and showing some signs of struggling, one received
,a
severe .wound across the. hand. The lady oi4liti.beilt.:
was not interfered with, and So', fertunately, !noted her '
watch and Chain, and her purse; which was much'
better lined than that taken; in all 'probability, the',
brigands took her for the maid. They then told thel
coachman to mount his box and drive on, but before
tte carriage had gone more than a few yards they
called out again to him to stop, and coming up de-
manded the ladies' earrings, and then made off—
and this; as I have . told you, at four o'clock in the
afternoon of a beautiful day. They had driven but
a short distance from:the spot when they met two
carriages also containing ladies only, whom 'they
warned to turn back, and shortly afterwards—
fortunately for the lady who was hurt, the blOod from 1
whose wounded hand had already saturated allitheir '
handkerchiefs they. met four Austrian gentlemerti
walking, one of whom proved to be a surgeon. He.l
bound up thaiioinidm and with one of. his companions,
Waisted on accompanying the ladieS.back to Rome.
On-theii way:they met a number of- carriages driving-
' out,:as is usual 'every 'afternoon, alorig the road.
- • illrotti ?-;
; ~...;, ...,...., , .
_ i jrior to Awt.^ ii3fl: 911. ortrrir. 12ft MOW It
I .118.VSBIACTED -,:ufsbIECIDOTES; •gitiiewt.)l
:.'..,._, . • :1.05 fi E 1 47±. .'-'7-! fll: r?-lif. to dill
D'IORH THAfg t Ali ~/164.FLGAPIRD FOR I—A .bititleertopc
nceiving hims-Of insulted by a gentleman who ven,
' rillired to give him some wholesome advice, st ted up
t.
. , _.
id, -

th

liim With an air of importance, and Bab , "Sir, you
aieno gentleman—consider yourself challenged. Should
be from home when you honour me with a call, I
,Ishall leave word with a friend to settle all the pre-
tiiininaries to your satisfaction." To which the other
"Sir, you are a fool; Here is my card—consider
/Or pass pulled. And should I not be at home when
I hay

,lieu,
;our nos.. __ ____________..,
y+u Call on me, yonk. a .... ~ Ave left order's ,vdtimy.
- ' --KA
iferriantict) show °1 ejc AF *,into, the atE#e 1911 7•PR
MAins"."l •., - , ,•;• • /•.• cii:•:. •on
e
,701 tic TOO MaiTY a`,oll, :TRIBE !—'The
p9:tiniioii priiase,,
; "Give the devil his due," was Wined very wittili.4
• a Inember of thp-bar, of -North Qarolina Ott' thOe of ,
legal brathken.' .' During'the ' tilat:of a. 'came, ."
11.11. V
'Dews, and Swain" (all'distinguished laviyeis) hal:tabor'
)tsi John Dodge, thaelerk of theerprepie :Cott* fluff
.if owing epitaph : o limr i 1,1., iip..iii 1,-, ow(
14 „., Here lies John Dodge, who •dodged all good:are' a
And never dodged an evil ;., - • ~,,,..;;., ; i fll to ti
And after dodging all he could,.
.. , -won'hi,d
• He could not dodge the'deiril I.' . , -,
• .
Mr. DoclFe imniediateltaant'back pith! gelitielpeitflidt,
annexed impromptu reply' :6" il'j.)'• J.;i4 ~:i. • • ,-, ,;13.!:11 V
Here lies a IlillmiiiiiiiiA4l3-Watiiii -IGTb)d rill
1 i,qini Their lot let no man choose ;' —xxittitioo tut
.I„They lived in sin and died in pain; .:..._ptili
And the dieril get his dues !(Dews.)"
.1. ,r!..1,-1 • . .•;•,0 .
.M 103.. PARTINGTOZnXPLANATION 1—" Intemper-
ance," i
said .liffs.:Partington, solemnly, and with a i
.rich emoti4i in;, her tone, "is like an after-dinner I
i'speech," at the same time bringing her hand, contain.)
~Ing the snuff she had just brought from the box, down.!
. upon : her knee, while Lion, with a violent sneeze,
- -k away to another part of the room. "Intern: '
) is a monster with a • many heads, and

Milked
good _
creeps into the bosoms of families like any cenda or an
alligator, and destroys its peace and happiness for ever.
But thank heaven a new Erie has dawned upon the
world, and soon the hydrant•headed monster will be
overturned ! Isn't it strange that men will put enemies
to their mouths to steal away their heads?"—" Don't
4yOu
_regard talcVspuft 'as - a -vice ?" we asked, inn°.

cently.- "If it *l3 ishe'ieplied, with the same eldArgti-
ment, "it's so small a one that Providence won't take
no notice of it; and besides, my oil factories would miss
it so !" Ali, kind old heart, it was a drunkard's argu-
ment! 4
MAKING SURE OF HIS MONEY I—A person in want
of money, acquainted with a certain Laird Hamilton,
asked him to back a bill for twenty pounds. "Na,
said he, "I canna do that."—" Why for no, laird? A
_
ithers." —" Ay -

hae dune the same thing for _ ay,
Tammas, but there's wheels within wheels that ye ken
naething about • I canna do't."—" It's a sma' affair to
ee, if I was

refuse me, _ Wee), ye see, Tammes,
to pit,my name dirt ye wad get the siller fine the bank,
and when the time came round ye wadna be ready, and '
wad theu and me wad quarrel •

aI hae to pay't ; sae iyou
xisialkso we may just as weel quarrel the noo, as law; as
Mie.siller's in ma pouch."
0 'eJniscr "AT FAULT I—A minister being greatly an-
,AbOyed by three small boys in the gallery, who were
4having a good time, he suddenly stopped in his discourse,
xd turning towards the little rogues, said, "Those
- must be quiet." Of course, all eyes in the church
,re at once turned on the young trio, when one of
_em exclaimed in reply, " Jimmy made me laugh."
The effect is easily imagined.
STINGINESS PUNISHED.—RacheI, the actress, was
very stingy, as everybody knows, but she onoe gave a
great dinner to the cream of society. In the morning'
she rode to Chevet's the greatest fruit-dealer in Paris,,
and selected the dessert. She was just going to leave
the place, when Chevet asked her if she did not want
a pine-apple, as an ornament for the table. How
much is it ?"—" Seventy francs. 'Pine-apples are very
dear in Europe."—" That is boo much fcr me she
said. "But would you not hire it out to me?" Chevet
laughed and consented. At the dinner a critic sat next
to the Duke of San Teosloro, and at the dessert he said
.to the latter, "Do you see that delicious pine-apple ,?"
,rl",Parbleu !" said the duke,," I nearly overlooked it."
'Tile -duke rose, took a knife, and made a deep cut in
lAhe fruit. Rachel, who saw it, was struck by this deed
`Ws by a digger in a tragedy. A cry of grief came from
61ter!breaat. " What is the matter ?" asked Ponsard,
"Has' Madame Rachel a - -.apple in her breast ?"
A BENI J disting- led counsel

.., ragiq
, - rffftfftigliliiterr .—A,t -_ skaish,_
iing employed fOr the defenee on a trial for murder,
le innd it necessary, in the course of his speech, to corn-
ent with some severity on the testimony of a witness
dor the prosecution. In the midst of a most searching
Rand logical sentence, wherein he was convincing the
Fi
jury that the witness had s- It* more than the truth, -
he was interrupted by - a tall, lank fellow
-.-- from the b'
"See}

worn.
a juryman, .
evidently fl te backwoods—who, rising, thus ad-
ieressed him, here, Mr. Lawyer I don't want yer
to go pn that way abusing me ; I won't stand it; I'll
ib reale c4vothe, court if you do; I didn't come to be
*bused !"--L" My dear sir," replied the barrister, in his
(ding '

paitestmanner, " I was igluL to the witness, not to
you; my remarks were not intended to apply to any of
the jurors.," " Well, then," said the juror, "just quit a
pintip&your finger at me yrhsn,yo taLk that way."
r
iv) tVj
REPORT OF -TRlPlNp7ifiliclOginpiON

---• v.• lt
i 29r6-L---: ON,'tit—tOltett(PoiSONS.". -
•; ry,,..4:-.11,, . q ,gygernment„ oCiyictoria has received the re-
. .. .
•port of th.o Indian
.COmmumnon appomted to examine
-nd'-veitlie le' 'etects of;Ntio-
iof ammonia,
T" 'limn and

rather the exception than the rule, it would be easy to
undertand how any antidote or remedy might gain
temporary notoriety. To mum up-1. The result of
our experiments on dogs goes to show that the intra-
venous injection of ammonia possesses no antidotal
or remedial power. 2. That the intravenous in-
jection of ammonia, probably by promoting the
Absorption of the Ason, rather lites than setards

The revenue of Victoria far the quarter ending the
31st ultimo amounts to aft!.2BB. The returns for the nine
months expired of the floansial year show a decrease a
£.212,000 a.s compared will! the,estimates.
In reply to a deputation, ft, e Lord Chamberlain has
stated that the law does not aTiovr music in theatres on
Good Friday, and that even meetin,gs in a hall built for the
-burposse could not be permitted on ithat day if money were

THE CAPIRE OUTBREAK IN NATAL.
In the Hones oy Loans, April 12, Lord Grey called atten-
tion to the papers lately laid before Parliament relating to
the:MM.-6 outbreak in Natal.eilde) observed that the Governor,
air Benjamin Pius, on arrivirigin the colony found that con-
uosaity_ee
siderable doubte were entertained-of th e l'angalibalele and his tribe, and in October, 1873, he ISIIIII.-
Moned that Chief to appear before' him. On the Chief's
s sent out for
ref uzal to obey the summons a force was sent
..t,,,,- Appear,
Abe purpose of . inducing him - ~-Paaae'a,,___
_, .Li bo,tiiitiee
Ant the force being treacherously fired reli;jamin tine
OnNrie I, and the Chief was, caPtur m
Proceeded to try him,. and sentenced him to transportakin
Tor life to Rebben Island, and the Colonial Parliament
Pressed áh Act authorizing what would otherwise
ee-the detention or the-Chief in that is`and; It appeared
rrora that dispatches at Lord Garnareon disapproved
the sentence. -- and( -1-the - manner in which the trial
1, but Lord. Grey ceciitiosos rror n
aiereedthiat
reheeleast !alibi! into. a s
-revievein Dorning-street the
cilldngarvon
ffie.fik
I:10161*. It was objected by Lord ar the Chief Ought not to have been tried by C_affrela.w,
t was unfair to find fault with the Governor tor ha vin
Id what had been the forenee Invariable practice in thee
Athi e ;I.r/dna
rseuib, s tua ii. el
dt iea lr s injusticetan di n g thhaadt heir done.
or
s intention to advise the Crown
p n todriaswyaltinog lr
wtiliee'
Act referred to, moved an Ad
. ,to allow the said Act.
Lord Carnarvon regarded the motion as
ecatstrienfr
differed
l a direct
i
censure on Her Majesty's Government. 1e b
ttern Lord Grey in his 'view of the case, mid thought that
Governor's
the
te4tathPriduct e oi Latgalibilele in not obeying the
on o appear arose from fear, and did not deserve
nein° of rebellion. He pointed 'out that Lord Grey
78.1 to error in stating that the Colonial retee ed to the Chief being tried under e °fill:we, efor:
under
17 °bieetton taken was that the Chief was triedceunrt
~.._-• Mixture of native and English law.
was a
„e'regularities occurred at the trial, but the result
;nutenCe condemning the Chief to Imprisonment
',TI.t sentence Lord Carnarvon stated
the
life,
advised
colony and
w a was
nal, and he couhl not accept the Acte passed w 1 nfotrh e order to give validity to it. He anticipated thatt a . Cape
trGovernor and Parliament would Meet the Home Government
itee-wlll. but if the Cape Government should decline to give
' for this meperatibh purpose eillti:
,iae't consent to postponeind he disallowance
ethtllifteeille y
the
Government
..r_ei.Colonlal Act, because it enforced a sentence which was
.4"rti IChnberley generally concurred in the view Cale taken by Lord Grey. He believed that it could
anotbye
altftti,„,. that the colonial authorities had committed
of the
Vie Red serious error, d, therefore, they ought not to
°P_
Interfe and, with, especially as the sentence way
ai not in his.
...Inlon too Severe. Ile hoped that the Cape Government
041c1 look at the subject calmly, and that a would be
h7setd w
tinteig eittricate the matter from the„embarras_ments now
-
The Lord Chancellor protested against the d doctrine en
e that it
Sleted by Lords Grey and Kimberley,
re_aa. kePoaaible for England to allow what wd.aseaebsolutely un-
He was sur-
ens to be done in any part of its dependencies.
occurred at the
t.Lrujicl that any statesman could approve what
;CP of tangalibalele, the proceedings of which
nhtebianalyzed
e
"'setae minuteness observing that there was n
Ltirrannals of British judicial proceedings at all similar
tut° what oc-
ed at that trial. The sentence pronounced was egaLwnaed.
hawaa's not to be expected that the Government atrohboomaeoce Wand
ige: reak as to allow a Colonial Governor to P
_a sentence without tailing any notice of the matter.
be-
St Lord Selbourne said he could not vote for them
e!nee he did not know what was Passing in the _ Cape Colony
..! Me present moment, and the next mail might bring the
tieWs that
"la the Cape Government were willing to act in con-
nce with the Home Government
r_rvi Mter sotne observations from Lord Stanley of AlderleY, -
-',.. tm
G elinere, and Lord Denman,
ure
zzed, said a few words in reply, observing that if he
'teen...roe e' that langailba e blele was not to unconditionally
-veated he would not press his motion.
Oct Calliarvon replied that the Government would not
1r s 0 4°Y ha in the mannerrn the matter, and he took occasion
hder the
"' that the Government would not aot in the matter
in
lt
influence of Birhop Colenso.
hallivig ! 'tt°n Was then withdrawn,and the other business
. been disposed of, their I ordships adjourned.
I
..ITZ TICIIBORNE TRIAL PETITION. n* the t, the HOUSE OF COMMONS, sir C. Forster brought
c.
It
em, rePo
petitions, of the committee on
when he
ed attention to the petition recently presented by an
l'uOnlairneinher praying for a pardon beinggrantedr a u
to
full
impeeereant " t aro the Tichborne title and estates, or fo
truzer into certain facts disclosed in the course of the
°4 the Motion of Mr. Disraeli, it was ordered that the top of the corarnittee of petitions be taken into consid rt.,
4 on Thursday.
vit.... IDINBURGH INDUSTRIAL MUSEUM. ' it
' -neLaren asked the First Commissioner of Works on'
.'
a,..hifrounds the completion of the Industrial Museum in
hoZutigh had been indefinitely postponed, by the omission
es;a100 .e misCellaneous estimates of the usual
omission
tfeonf
;some e,',° building phrposes ; and whether th
broughil suPPlied when any supplementary estimates were
onward.
• Lord
eivieg ki.). Lennox was indebted to the hon.
.memberanfor.
thus to ,sun art oPportunity of answering the question, n
at
Siy ticar pc.t a misapprehension. It had never
postpone
net
s°lnPleti ue intention ot the Government to post
aPpeae nn of the museum. The reason that pno, shams
to the eed in the estimates was that some difficulty exis:d
he i
vee, i„ o!latrnw etiou of the western wing. Forthis el 1 Y
to no ay responsible, and if such a: course
sneheould be
449 esti "Baq a sum would be inserted in the pplemen-
Mates,
I.,:st
Irti
tethawtiza
aizGEeknneadlefintier
First Lord LoßEledGloUf little Treasury if
i
,frlir: ee.
t
note had been addressed bythe
skinZa2 Government to the Belgian referringGovernment,ssn Ba_
frieze: 0., other matters, to the liberty of the pre i the le:nci calthig upon the Belgium Government toalter -
trztaeoedf ifineierocnojinunntez. And, as Great Britain had formally
etelacTiet. the neutrality art, wthidthepethoedeother o
fGreat g
iPowers b of
what
take di waa the intention of her Majesty's Government
alioz;ki tleolnatic or otherwise, in fulfilment of that guarantee,
of resec,, lgian independence be imperilled in consequence
k the demands of Prussia. ..,
1.. pi, „
gsuerai aelt : I would venture to observe that I ink ass
eseea_etille, that in putting parliamentary questions,. ' and
414'417 enestions relating to foreign affairs, it wouldb use-
ate eselee I think
inquirer not to indulge in epithet. Epithets, . ,
Pettr , '3 in such inquiries, and may lead to misconceptions..
ttlerea;i"ear.) Now in respect to the question of the hon. gena-
oe 011,41)er Majesty's government had received no infvooremm:
„,re_ee e subject beyond that which has been alreed. has
t,,.,, to the house. This is a subject on which there_
hese.) `enk.ereat misrepressntation and exaggeration. (Hear, •
seicie44,?_2lneeenae has passed since the note alluded to was
Go„rnineci by -the i german Goverinnent to the- Belgfrln
%tr ,
wets eot eat' I think the date is the 3rd, of February.
uce. a Menacing note ;it was only a note of remons. Partly Teart hear.) /cow, remonstrance does note
nnleeoe,
et ten:ions...ye Menace. On the contrary, one of the ?lf e
_n
4 friendi 'auce May be often evidence of a friendly li
6 ted
tee, re J' remonstrance is a phrase very usually -adopted.
rube t44°.,.1111_ t.rance was addressed by the German G
to 'by tho.zpvt;ian Government on Feb. 3, and was replied. believe joke n Government at the end of the same o
mouth Govern.
nted 4'
l'''
26. liar Majesty's government were made
kid ee the 'nth there two notes, that of the remonstrvaerncne.
teente .ee'c'e T,..,kloloder by the action of the German goo_
geveehro7ll', verrnan ambassador, by the instructions hisf
•01)1#8 0( :',,, gave her Majesty's government in confidence_
ere -eonti eue two notea. We appreciated at the time, and
~eordtal ferilinet"DPreciate, that act 1113 an evidence of the
i ""e goVe - existing betwe en her Majesty's government an
ke runlent of n
rcc*. has ' eerraany. No answer whatever, as far as we
seioilaa...ieeen made to the Belgian rejoinder by the German.
ee,`"a The tirue since those two notes were written ,
tearili_•• considerably advanced. We' have now reached
~
sozze-T.! neiddie oe
APril, and we consider- and believe in,_
tipeall'l with thoae who are competent to form an oPminn ,
..41)1 t: /natter, !lust this question is concluded. In
niell -i. tlle, latter overt of the hon. gentleman's :
''s
1 ithinie"ave enkoi to remark that as a general!'
gAltiou , that the house will support me in iS
the Doue:'..a.t it is not expedient, or indeed necessary, that
tiliett a hi " her Idajesty'B Government should be declared
tt
'tee; le, YPothetical arrangement • but I would say that
theeaTeenendence or neutrality 'of Belgium were really
do th Igled. her
Pariiiduty to Majestq's Government would be prepared to
, „4, our Sovereign, aid not be afraid %tilt
gili the occasion. (Cheers and laughter.
.1
wMat vd
Att..7 : ASTISANS' DWELLINGS BILL. iLie .
lacez-4,sonle other business had been disposed .of; the i
, 1,4.,
m
~
lit .everni 4 ---‘, conutittee.on the Artisans' Dwellings Bill.
cy of _
local hours were spent on Clause 7, which relates to the,
!liked authority in carrying schemes when ,
,e
tato exe t
'''Verfeet be ca.ion. The point chiefly discussed wa:
With tt, ° Ligation on the local authority to go fem.-
toDi i scheme. Mr Fawcett who .noke repeatedly on the
eoreepe' illaelsted. th • ' '-'• clause to'
, at there was nothing in the _
hallisi ci'' Local authority to build up after it had .
fee__
.141ditlee °tWo nee, '•
and Sir Sydney Waterlow proposed an.,,j
.-'ulln,„ e auttp.,`Q,_ clause which would have given to the con-.
-11. Ire "."11,7
!as Dowee to compel th
the local authority to go
Who auPPorted by Mr. Dodson and Mr- r 10,17 ens, icelled`ghe,:i the rfouse that overcrowding could-not be
y that s!
e
,coretarpilntig dan
own streets, d warned. thegre.Q..Rast
'eller,. e ee Hausmn/114 pa
allg rfaud, led to the
.!•!ylxt,
kr. rs. . ..
nclelle,""a"'s s ce,Dposed the proposal, • expressing perfect coell..
comp confirming authority had already sufficient
l/• 137ise,it,
az
teel the thlocal authorities to go through with
t)onlek On a division the amendment was negatived
e• bit De 48! lir. Fawcett . subsequently returned to
the 1 and Proposed that if at the end of three years
Diotil ocal authorities are unable to let the uncleared
*ease azt:lle oblii;nitions imposed by the Act shall
lesek , determine. Mr. Cross warn*, opposed the amend-
tat hltuaeclarill, g that air. Faweett's aim was to convert the
%ten of te:' "'awns IMprovement Bill, which was not the mien..
the aul e.,.Governir ent. Mr • Kay-Shuttleworth also opposed
to 44. exloment, and on 'a 'division it was negatived. by A• k .
Clausea u
-...----,......
ci_ Pto 13 vvere agreed to without debate.
'llickao.haitte 13, which relates to the acquisition of lands, Mr•
solidetr waa anxious to substitute the Lands Claw. es Con
shie re i'll Act for the maohinery of the clause', but this last
ethei; 'ec.eldedly preferred b Mr. Gibson, Mr. Herechell, and
%ha ' i",uat, llr. Jack y ithdrew his amendment. At
ttlatti e " the further Progressw of the et,li3llll wasin adjourned
the follow'
l'ilt, z , nig day.
tli'd,
at, iseeel,)Tive Substances Bill passed through Committee;
°e a 4,0 other Bills having been forwarded a stage, the
' Itriled at five minutes past two o'clock.
•
1,414110 gs ,- -,
ze
'-. the THE PEACE QUALIFICATFON RILL.
-45 - `"•MSZ
ik outt it, OP LonDi, April 13, Lord Albemarle moved
k ec
~
q„ ate e„,!ew, Mg of the Justices of the Peace einalificationf
ex -vltltied that its obje.l was te amend the Act ose " wlllcll declared that no per.son ought to be a
-eite eal the p ,
income of £lOO derived
bavr land. ea,e who had not an .
eaahld, w,,„,,,1'he Bill, the Second Reading of which he
Of 3';‘, th,,,-", if passed, create another qualification. and
bee-GOO te"i!los'seasors of personal property of the annual value
at !, eligible as Justices of the Peace.. Be main-
,lh present law was vicious in j)rlncgril%eir
prhoe.
atticra ware
eacireinntant of class legislation
e
tet to administer
;ell'eget,tl)lNlg4nottatrEdnaabnettPaenresleracrles :P and incumbents of
th,l4l,l4„„_elog also eligible for the office of J notice of the
et st.aot ta,e sharers iu thia offensive monopoly, though he
'tat ki "k tier' iii the fittest persons to hold au oiti e
Slit Itil(1. ,
cort, rea:ei4D.on oppo3ed the Bill, believing that no suffi-
Leoli-I,lera til tor the proposed change
.had been stated. He
setee,..4 be I: fLinking it was not desirable that clergymen
thze.at tin,,,DPois_inted to act as Justices in places where a
Whhichwilt tl-7,"°r of qualified laymen could
.be found, and
e-}„a,l tiCua ~,tds f,iftiociple, as far as
,his experience went, on
—es tbityeivez.entenant now acted. Considering that Justices
arta h. t el_ ot
es se e ImPosing local burdens, it was most dem-
Post...-o teould have some connexion with the iland ;
Lore-'4. tor Six' arnendment that the Second Beading be
ii • - II/oaths.
ov, , Oeseetti.
cliee'etLer the hcem the Second Reading would be carried
e bltills,., tt.:),Lteetl)tceent law sometimes interfered withth
'lie -"' Wito Would be thoroughly fit to act as
1144 hiallo„
tlot itrabie of 1.,,,,_
hen
real, cak,,,e te 14.17erborough concurred in thinking 1e,,,,,i1ie thc,,,..e
,clergYrilen on the Magisterial Bench,
as
ttea:.*4nwch. ,
a' til s' Ina '6'4 that clergymen would necessarily
if (bet 4,it a q4latrates than laymen, but because he
th tet le) tho sarYtoan's time would be best employed in
°light 1 tne ltual wants of his parish.
ties wilt t Ipt., 0b5,,,,
heel Loch e,nie bt ons from Lord Ilarrowby, who
the Bin ttle tliti thq.owlse to cut quite asunder any of the
he e'.. 4'1%16; clergy and the laity tegether, and
at je-- Lord Ch 4 -'' • 4aLl LYttelton, who both supported i
(Meet' °no of4L'llee
it it•wcation for '-',faat I.!a•lei he did not look upon the mneeawe
Berea
e.as preposecit'stle,',Dortance, but he thought the ii
44, ,pro
ne PellY tlotl't ,°f the Peace very unsatisfactory.,
cou fetinty ,i;
w Dei.,:o addition to the income from pen
_m
f eiN,l2-Y1 116 won°l,,'" hav°„ll te be appolnted a magistrate 1
° e-esideeatieee het sae tea rated residence in the saresel
''''°,(l ci •'°n. ' '''''kt smell a proposal was unworthy-
as 1
etleet-gaaPele said h
taght,ate ule di,„ , e
1 "4ettlte Liu been told that in Wales the
rnaf eatts 11 sti,%atti he -„„-Y Was felt in getting fit men to act
ning distelp'e,endiare ".Rgested that it would be advan-
wider eekuir,..,..4. Iv, Magistrates could be appointed in
s'ut WilioZ puDported the Bill, as it provided a, v 0 cllOO4O at magtataates. • i
• . _ 13
-• • et. ‘ ..e.,,,, .
•-, r :. I. A ,k -

_
ram conducted
Loh' cltro •
Attempti
t-n 8 0
ved at in the
it the Cb
bnt it wat
l°llowed -
Polouy,ux
PlCltlkidj;
• arnaiven't
/
414esty

reran and of the human race, Armstrong gun, but
Of, 13abeL The eighlidurite Potefititelt
-shistorie times appear to theirlerritory,
_Seeing thai
epoch or fequiiiige—lrangMr prer