The Press.
London, England, 1853-11-12 00:00:00

•lite conclusion would be that s revolution bud begun.
( I.4arglarr.l*
The other toasts having been disposed of, the
company separated.

ITBLIC ARCHIVES IN FRANCE.
THE French Minister of the Interior, who has give►
a fresh impulse to the reorganisation and classifica-
tion of the departmental archives, has just ordered
researches to he made which will replace in the public
depots a series of documents of great scientific and
hist►rical interest.
Having been informed that the parchments used
in the Ordnance workshops were, to a great extent,
taken from ancient archives which lewd been broken
up at various periods, the Minister of the Interior
requested his colleague, the Minister of War, to
cause those parchments to be collected, and submit
them to the examination of a special inspector of
archives.
These itnportant investigations were attended by a
most satisfactory result.
Among 4,0151 gun cartridges which were opened
and examined at the artillery depilt at Paris, not
less than 3,1100 important historical documents were
found ; and of these there were 1 010 pages of ancient
MS. accounts of the Kings of France—Charles VI.,
Charles VII., Louis XI., Charles VIII., Louis XII.,
Francis 1., &c.
These accounts show the employment of the
budget in the various reigns, and throw much light
on litany points of French. *lib:tory. They are of in-
terest to the annals of diplomacy, because they men-
tion the number of persons belonging to each mis-
sion, as well as its object and cost. They are im-
portant to the history of art, for they detail the orders
given to painters, musicians, sculptors, and archi-
tect-s. They supply contributi to the history of
furniture, costumes, &c., by giving the names and
descriptions of the objects of which they state the
price. Anti, finally, they throw light on the history
of court etiquette and the manners and customs of
the nation generally, by detailing the gifts and
stipends and alms granted to the King's followers, or
to those who met the Kings on their progress
through the country—cavaliers, soldiers, and dis-
abled men-at-arms, pilgrims, hermits, poor folks that
waited for the " King to touch them " (of whom
many hundreds are mentioned), persons sick of fever,
pestilence, leprosy—in short, persons suffering from
grievous illness and their 410CUJI14.
Among the documents thus fortunately preserved
are also 1,200 pages of the ancient Chamber of
Accounts of the Dauphine ; a series of most ire •
portant pieces reaching as far back as the 13th
century, and comprising feudal investitures, accounts
of expenses, and many charters granted by the
princes and lords of the lrsuphini• and of Savoy.
I'l►ere are also inn charters of the church of Meaux,
Papal hulls, letters patent of the King St. Louis,
Phslippe the Bold, Philippe le llel, Se.; statements
and enumerations of lordships, :et!.
And, lastly, there art' 500 pieces front the archives
of Artois and Flanders; budgets of the cities iu the
14th and I stli centuries; accounts of the testi-
nances of the Duke Charles the Bold during the
siege of Lige ; of military subsidies furnished by
the communes, and other important documents,
original charters, with the autograph signature,: of
Henry 111., Henry IV., Louis XI V., of Colbert, &c.

Al STR ALI AN STEAMERS.
ANOTHER blue-hook on the affairs of Australia, lately
homed, furnishes materials for a rigs's,: of the steps
adopted up to the present time for accomplishing that vital
object for the development of the country—the impolite-
lion of SWIM lISVIERthoII on the river Morrity. It appears
that the navigation for ateatuerti of light draught has
been ascedained to be practicable fir a distance of 1,:11si
miles from the neighbourhood of its mouth, in the colony
of South Australia, through a territory of undisputed rich.
mess, which eonatitittes the respeetive frontiers of the
colonies of Victoria and New South Wales. An oisitaele,
however, esiiits to the CollyStlee of produce from these
district* to the sea at Encounter Bay. South Australia,
in consequence of the stir( on the beach when the river
discharges itself, which render% exit or entrant... imprac-
ticable. 'to obviate this difficulty it loss therefore been
prOpOSeill to Constrilet * tramway from the bay. seven miles
in length, up to that pint of the river where the
went ceases, while at the same C • prizes have been
voted by the legislative Cum icil of South .Instralia for
the first two %Winners that shall snecessfully navigate the
river to the point of its junction with the I wailing. a dis-
tance of 11K1 miles. The construeti 111 l of the railway has
appeared to Sir 11. Young, the governor, to he the first
and moat important object to be actioraphshed, insomuch
as the opening tip of the river by steam-vessels would
la
of little use without grad facilities for a sea outlet. It
was not without considerable opposition front the towns.
isiop!e Adelaide, who fear that the shipping trade of
that place may be rivalled by a new port so near to it, that
authority was obtained front the home t;ovenitiwid 6,1.
carrying it into effect. The estimated cost is only •21.tami.,
and is to be defrayed from the I land fund. but,
although the iumetion of the Col ' was git sit
more than two years ago, it does not appear that any pro-
gress had yet lawn made in the undertaking. The pre.
nituuta fot the tint two steamers that shall navigate thy

THE PRESS.

riser amount together to tomi., and will loe defrayed front
the colonial revenue ; but iu this case, also, the prospects
of realisation are not clear. A year hock the Ramiro from
Aolelaide mentioned that a Mr. Caddell, a shipmaster in
the merchant wilier, had offered, after having explored
the river for 1,31m1 miles, to contract for its navigation,
with two steamers of the required description, but if this
has bear► followed up list account has yet transpired. The
colonial authorities appeared to expect that when the pre-
miums la he adveitised in the London Gazette a coot•
pang would most probably Is• started in London to carry
out the scheme. Nothing of this sort took place, although
in August last year Messrs. Allen and Sk' •r, engineers,
of Upper Thames•street, intimated to the Colonial-office
that they were about to lease for Australis, and eoulew•
plated taking out two steamers of forty to fitly horse power,
and of on average draught of two feet seven and a half
inches, if they could obtain some guiust►tee from the
Goveniment that, in case of success, the premium might
be considered certain. These vessels had already been
used on the Thames, and it was proposed, by lengthening
them, to reduce the draught to two feet. Whether they
were taken out as proposed is, however, nut stated, the
eioloniabothee being unable to furnish any guarantee of
the kind applied for, as the matter rested solely with the
local tiosennuent at Adelaide. Meanwhile, no other
question posmsess•s equal inqsirtanee as regards the per-
manent welfare of the colonies, since the M urrly ohs bandy
offer* the weans of tar higher oldies than lull be obtained
hum the goldfields. It would be the channel for eu•r-
incr►•asing supplies of wool, tallow, hides, and grain, while,
iu addition, the iiiii untain on its borders are said to
contain mineral wealth of no o►dinary kind.

Till: TUItKISII. CA3II) AT 5C111311.1.
Tut: following description of Omer l'aelsa's en
trenched camp at Schtunla is furnished by a military
correspondent of the Morning Chronicle :
"The mountain of Schmidt' belongs to that chitin of the
Balkan which is detached hum the principal range. sit the
mismitsin of Ilentinkapu, and then extt.ials in a parallel
lint. to the sea, from the west to the east. lint this mogul•
Lain is nearly isolated, as it is very low in those parts
where it joins the chain to which it belongs. l'he mount
rain of Selmuilahas a circumferowe of from seven to eight
rs. All around it is abrupt and rocky, the summit
forming MI extensive and almost hosizontid platform,
about from NM to IWO metres above the valleys surround-
ing it, its sides and the top being in great part covered by
thick and almost impenetrable brushwod. Small inlets or
wilier are to be met with at intereals, r • g more or
less into it, in which there is sometimes a illtige, from
some of which a narrow path leads to the top of the 'notate
tail., passing through flit. wood, and descending in an
easterly direction to Sodmite'.
" The town is Sitltitteti to the east, in the largest and
deepest valley, which hats been justly compared to a horse-
shoe, the entry toeing to the east.
" This is consequently the only vulnerable part of the
place ; whilst tO the west, south, nod iiisrtli it is
aduwst
Wililli) 111111bireted by the nature of tilt. 11111 l Muth and the
MOotilt, %Weil render alt approach impossible.
" Rut this tqwning to the east is well fortified by a
twig*, of dynode-it lulls, which are built up against the
rocky side of the mountain, being thus able to open at cross
tire on the plain at the east. This chain leers tOur
finis of stonework, cavils ears:sing from Vs to :to pieces of
aiiillery ; and eleven tither forts of etoilletiwt irk, built with
great care, and capailsle tit holding lilt entire regiment.
This is to the east also. To the ninth, where the 11101111.
twin. at the extremity of the horseshoe, is more open, a
parapet of earthwork loss been eoustrileted, in addition to
a stone fort: it is :I,tttlii yards long, and is flanked by many
outworks and redoubts for its protection. It extt.vills to
where the wood becomes imponetiable, crossing the roads
leading to Tirnova and llsisgrad.
"'Pit the Jonah Roil wo:t the place is protected by the
s • woods, and there remain but a few of the pathways
above meat' 'A which it has been considered iwcesatiry
to protect. Small works were sullit.ient where these paths
approach the town. Inner Paella has, however, fortified
the entry of one of these inlets, which is easiest approached
Tartu the sem of the mountain. at the village of lientesch.
two I rs distant from Selimithi. Whilst he covered these'
rteads,lie lies t 'enlist the whole mountain of Sehumla into a
vast system of defence ; thus InAing it possible to stilly
out faun the ramp by this %alley to the trust into the valley
Esika ltsehittoa, with all the tlisissoible forces, against
an army of obseiNation. mid against the think of mill
enemy
who Si id attempt to (Toss the ltalkmi by those galleys
in
the range of hills.
" The fortified mountain of Seliiittilit thus commands at
the same time the two of nod
of I~nuoh-
sick, which are Stplllsitte front the tulip. litwluicim it below,
thus shiattiog tip the roads that testi to Aileiatiiiple either
by Aides or by Kaisnuilick, because it menaces their flank.
" The position of liciitt.sch is exeellent, and well en-
trenched ; anti twruty manila, with 1,0110 or 3,1100 men, are
sufficient for its defence. Schmidt' will l eStlt be conipktely
armed by about '1:"0 pieces of artillt.ry of heavy calibre ;
111111, whilst .:0,01/41 111ctt Ilit. sutli, It litl.or its. aertollee, it is
Callable of eotttai ll i l 1100,111i41.
" The forts may is' considered as all terminated now. lie
is's'!9 nothing of all this existed. The permanent
detached outworks, and two other redoubts, which have
lust been built tit' earth, are sufficient her outward defence.
Ity the outlay of from 1X1,11011,0011 to •111.0 IN 1.01141 pipettes the
Turkish ttovernment could erect a stronghold. and at the
same time form an tlitrenehed camp, which would not be
inferior to any fortress iu Enrolee : and they might for the
future place more confidence iu it than in all tilt' pasSesuf
the ittakkut.

The waters of the liotttloe have fallen so low thst at
I:outsellowk the Tullis,' entally QV whly eto•il, to cross
thy tilyt by fordins.

SATURDAY,

'on* mill Colonial nttiligtnte.

PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE.
Nam, November
Tut: Emperor and Empress desire to visit the
different Imperial residences without causing any
expense or loss of time to the populations of the
country through which they may pass. This formal
desire of their Majesties has been transmitted to
the Mayor of Fontainebleau by the Grand Marshal
of the Palace, and will prevent any public reception
on the occasion of their arrival in that place.
General Baron de Fagel, Minister of the Nether-
lands, and Charge d'Affaires of Nassau, has presented
a letter to the Emperor, by which the Duke of Stl3•
san notifies the marriage of the Princess Helena,
his sister, to the reigning Prince of Waldeck Pyr-
mont.
M. Mavrocordato presented to their Majesties
his countryman, General Kallergi. The Emperor,
on conducting the general to the Empress, said,
" I present you an old friend. I knew him in Lon-
don, when I was in adverse circumstances, anti I
found hint sincere and attached." He then drew
the attention of the Empress to the handsome sword,
enriched with precious stones, worn by the general.
"This sword," said the Emperor, "was presented to
the general by his compatriots as a testimony of their
gratitude for the eminent services he rendered to his
country." General Kallergi was born in Candia, anti
was one of the principal persons is the Greek revolu-
tion, and afterwards aide-de-camp to the President
Capo
A farewell dinner was given at the Palace of St.
('loud to the Queen Christina, at which the Grand
Duchess of Baden and the Prince Napoleon assisted.
Her Majesty leaves Pails for Madrid, where General
Nar•aer. is already arrived.
M. Quinones de Leon, Marquis de San Carlos,
First Secretary of the Spanish Legation, will remain
charged with the affairs of his Government. the
Marquis tie Vilnius having been recalled to Spain
to preside over the Senate.
M. de la Otterroniere has been installed as director
of the two newspapers the Pays anti the Constita-
Gannet.
The trial of the conspirators of the complot
l'llippodrome and of the Opera Comique excites
great curiosity and attention. Important revelations
continue to be made, and before it is ended we may
be able to know from what funds the money
employed for the purchase of arms, &c., was pro
vided.
The Prefect of Police accompanied a few days ago
the Turkish Ambassador to Pere la Chaise to choose
a large plot of ground which is to be exclusively
appropriated for the internment of Mahometans.
The official invitations to the corps diplomatique
for the fetes to be given at the l'alace of Fontaine
blean have been issued. MM. de Kisseletf and
Hubner, who were not invited to Compiegne, are in •
eluded in this instance.
The ornamental lakes in the Bois de Boulogne are
now finished, and united together by cascades. All
the earth thrown up from the excavations has been
brought to the Bond-point of Mortemart. From
this artificial mount sixteen roads will take their
starting.point, with a gentle slope for carriages, anti
from the summit a beautiful view will present itself.
The Bois tie Boulogne is of great antiquity. In the
time of the kings of the first race all the country be-
tween Paris and St. ('loud was covered by a forest,
known under the name of Roveritttm. The forest
afterwards took the name of ltouvray. Olivier le
Daim, the barber, anti afterwards the favourite, of
Louis XI., had, when in the height of favour, the
charge of the rabbit warren of ltouvray ; and there
it was that the kings of France generally made their
sporting parties. Within its boundaries was Long-
champs, an abbey for nuns, which dates front the
thirteenth century, and owed its foundation to Isabel
of France, sister of St. Louis. Within a year the
Bois de Boulogne will be able to bear a comparison►
with the beauties of the noble parks of London.
It is confidently asserted that the Emperor and
Empress will leave St. Cloud for Fontainebleau on
Saturday last, the Pith instant. During their stay
there, which will be prolonged to the end of the month,
the Gendarmerie d'Elitc will perform the service of
honour, and act as their body-guards at the palace.

The " Opera Combine conspirators" were put on
their trial on Monthly last. The prisoners were twenty-
six in number, and some of them were persons of
superior education, and showed much acuteness in
replying to the intenvgatories. On the first day of
the trial little more was done than the reading of the
formal act of accusation, setting forth, with much
minuteness, the names, occupations, and previous
careers of the accused. Succeeding days have been
occupied with the examination of the prisouen