The Press.
London, England, 1853-10-29 00:00:00

STRIKES AND PALE ALE.

THE Strike at Preston still centimes. The only
change we have to notice is that the sneering tone in
which a powerful portion of the press spoke of the
weavers and mechanics, and on which we commented
last week, is softened down into remonstra►►ce and
advice. With Mr. Cosner, too, we can for once on

an isolated point agree. In his address at Barnsley,
which we have above referred to, in alluding to the
strike, he said, nearly in the words we used last
week, that if proper means were adopted—if the men,
and also the master manufacturers—wore properly
instructed in the relations which profits, prices, and
the state of the labour market bore one to the other,
these unhappy conflicts would never occur; but here
Mr. ConoEs stopped. lie did not go ou to propose
a practical mode in which instruction could be con-
veyed. This is a blank sheet, on which, if any one
ambitious of fame honestly acquired could succeed
in writing his name, he would go down to posterity
as a benefactor of his country.
It is remarkable that those who have sneered at
the mechanics have adopted their strategy with re-
spect to hotel-keepers and brewers. At Burton the
brewers have given notice of their intention to raise
the price of pale ale, on account of the rise in the
price of malt and hops ; and the public censors of
the brewers now recommend the drinkers of pale
ale to abstain from consuming it—or, in other words,
to "strike." It certainly is a new and singular fea-
ture in our social economy that tradesmen and their
customers cannot be left to manage their own affairs
—that supply and demand should not be allowed to
regulate prices without the interference of the free.
trading journalist—and we certainly think that that
portion of the press which does so interfere, in what-
ever light we may regard its function, occupies much
the same position relatively to these questions as the
professional agitators with regard to strikes, and may
be twitted with the axioms of their own extempore
Economics.

llt ISH M ETA P H YSICS.
THE titular " Bishop of Meath," who rejoices in the
suggestive name of Cantwell, has declared his in-
ability to comprehend how, since his "Lordship" is
not acknowledged by the law, the Income-tax Com-
missioners can recognise the fact of his annual in-
come ! Ile raises a metaphysical question on a
plain matter of fact, and poor Mr. PothAnn l'INI'•
HART seems as completely bewildered by Dr. I'ANT
ww:s queries as if it were a revived controversy
between the " Nominalists," represented by the
titular prelates of the Roman Catholic Church, and
the " Realists," supported by the Income-tax Com-
missioners. In Dr. CANTWELL'S anxiety "to know
the reason why," we are snpprised that he did not
apply to Sir JAMIN 61tAlIAM, the opponent of the
"Aggression Hill;" or to Mr. Nr.ooa, the Irish
Solicitor-tieneral. This Roman Catholic prelate has
also been scandalised at the income-tax circular
having been addressed simply to the " Reverend
Doctor Cm:mt.:Lt.," leaving out the prefix of " Right."
He would appear to think that, in this case, he may
claim the benefit of a certain stereotyped aphorism ;
and that, since his episcopal property has to pay
" its duties," the owner should also be entitled to
"its rights." Commissioner O'Fi.mtEarv, we pre-
sume, is in fault for not consulting more carefully
the requirements of his coreligionist.

THE BONES OF ST. THEOPOSTA.

Os Tuesday, the 11th of October, the ceremonies con-
sequent on the reception of the bones of this saint at
Amiens, her native place, commenced. In the Tablet
the account occupies nearly eight columns. From it
we learn that it is principally W the Cardinal Arch-
bishop of Rheims that Amiens is indebted for the
inestimable blessing it thus enjoys, and of that emi-
nent Cardinal the Pope has spoken in terms that
eammt be repeated before him for fear of hurting his
modesty. St. TILE usrs's bones were obtained on

terms of fair exchange, inasmuch as they were bar-
tered for those of St. VIATott. The transaction, of
which a formal procis-tvrbia was drawn up, took
place at Genoa, and certificates, identifYing the skele-
ton*, were duly exchanged. The box in which St.
TuEoloosts was packed for transit having been
opened, the citizens of Amiens spent an hour in con.
tetuplating their illustrious compatriot," and then
the hex was again closed and waled. "We need
not say," says the chronicler, " how beautiful and
&fleeting this ceremony was iu ita majestic
St. TncooostA was not ungrateful for the honours
done to her bones. She wrought a miracle the day
they were entombed. A Scotch mist prevailed all
the morning, but, by her miraculous intervention,
ceased at noon, at which hour it is universally known
to the weatherwise that no change in the weather
ever occurs.
At ttttt tgst the Cardinal Archbishops we notice, in
pleasing alliteration, the name and title of WHIEMAII
and Westminster ; and our old acquaintances of
'Tam and Dublin are cheek by jowl with Babylon
and Bogota. The Saxon is not, we presume, respon-
sible for the insult to Ireland implied in the arrange-
ment by which Babylon and Bogota preceded Tuam and
I/Wolin. Certain Saxons were, however, present, and
among them says the Tablet," we observed a great
" many English of distinction. We shall name Lady
" Dorottry and Miss thulium Messrs. WHESIX and
" Scorr MURRAY, Mr. and Mrs. MoSTEITH, of Carstaire
" (Mr. MONTEITH bore the train of his
" Cardinal Gorssrrt, Miss GLAPiToNE, sister of the
" Chancellor of the Exchequer, Mr. and Mrs. stump,
" Mr. and Mrs. IlEmssta, two Misses Gorizia, MM.
" JimART and I/irony:ls [sic), Mr. and the Misses
" Evsvos." In return for the compliment im plied
by one of the names on the list, it would only be
becoming in St. Tnconosta to assist in certain cow
vemions for the benefit of the Chancellor of the
Exchequer.

JUNIUS.
TO Tur. Ennui' or " THE Mtn."
Sir,—Though, from reasons which I am not at
liberty t►► disclose, I feel it imps►sible to comply
with the suggestion of ,our correspondent " Rogattw,"
I gratefully acknowledge the err►r he has p►inted out
of the substitution► of Lord Ge►rge Cavendish's
name for that of Loral George W►ckville. The
inaccuracy certainly was not one of those, qua.
ineurig
.faindit : it is rather attributable to the con-
fusion which is sometimes almost inevitable when
writing under the distraction of a variety of conflict-
ing engagements; and at the moment when 1 last
ventured to address you the fortunes of the lirst-
m►entioncd nobleman very forcibly attracted my
attention.
I avail myself of this opportunity to allude to •
striking passage in the letters of Junius which I do
not remember to have seen remarked on by any
commentator. Towards the close of his correspon-
dence with Sir William Draper he says, with
studied emphasis, " 1 believe, sir, you will never
know me. A considerable time must certainly
elapse before we are personally acquainted." Were
those expressions merely random ambiguities thrown
out to perplex inquiry, or hall they reference to any
contemplated emigration t,► son►e of our distant
settlements in India or North America?
I remain, sir, with distinguished respect, your
11111.11i1.11t ►u►d obliged servant. VIVAI3II.
P.S.—" litigator's " quotation from a letter with the
signature of " Domitiont" strengthens the conjecture
that would em►ssly the shadow of a great name in
the person of Thomas Lord Lyttitlton, who, notwith-
standing the many blemishes in Isis character, is
universally allowed to have been eminently •ecom•

TIIE EN QUEEN am 7111: FItENCH intends to prolong
her residence at Geneva for two or three weeks. The
health of her ex-Majesty is the cause of this delay of
her journey into Italy, having, in consequence of her
advanced age, rimmed serious uneasiness to her
family and suite.
A Ptu►ctAnAra(' was issued at Monday's Privy
Council for the election of a Scotch representative
peer, in the room of the late Lord Saltoun.
l'ArriiN jct.u•4 Roticicni, of the Royal Marine
Artillery, well known in the scientific world, has
started for Salisbury, in opposition to General Buck-
ley. Captain Roberts comes forward mi independent
principles. The Speaker's writ for the new election
was issued on the 114th.
Toe French Minister of Agriculture, Coniraeree, soil
Public Works ham addressed a circular to the tioverument
engineers, in which he recommends them in their opera-
tions to pay the greatest possible respect to private pro•
port y—tiot taking pisuwasi 111 l of any without having obtautt•d
all the necessary autliorisathms and observed all dor for-
malities—and carefully retro; ' g from committing any
newness injury on property which they may require to
occupy temporarily. The circular recommends also that
the engineers of companies that have obtained comes-
NiOnti of public works or of railways shall act in the woe
way.

MR. COBDEN AT BARNSLEY.
AT the Barnsley Mechanics' Institute the reopening
of &lecture hall w,►s made the occasion of a gathering
which wax numemusly attended by the local gentry,
and furnished Mr. Cobden with the text of a speech
which was chiefly devoted to the subject of education,
as prepared and fitted for mechanics and operatives.
The following is an outline of the hon. member's ad

dress :
What, lie must inquire, wen• these institutions wrote
limbed for? Not as a system of education, but to supple.
meld the want of education, awl we want the editeatisni
still which we wanted when these institutions were fi blinded.
I never regarded this as a party question. I don't care
through what it couses—give me voluntary education ur
state education, but education I want. I can't accept sta-
tistics to prove the number of people who attend schools—
t I prove that the people are isineeted, is-cause I can't shut
my eyes to what is evident to my senses, that the people
are nut edneateil—that they are not being eshicatell. l jp.
Maw.) I wax talking tally yesterday with a mereliant
in
Manchester, who told me thud he had attend at the swearing
in ofthe militia hi one of the largest manufacturing towns
in England, and that not ime•lialf of those sworn in
colds' resist, and not one.third could sign their name. Now,
without wishing to utter any fanatical opinion with regard
to the peace spiestion, I must say, with all sincerity,
think it would have been much better to have handed these
young wen over to the schoolmaster rather than the shrill-
sergeant, fur I think the safety of this country would be
more promoted by teaching theist to read and write than
by teaching them to (ties, about right rightly. (Laughter. )
eau I shut my eyes to what is going on around Its ? I Call.
not ,8111.1 therefore I say we are not an cdnrated people. In
point of sichool•learning the mass of the English people are
the least instructed of any Protestant cot tttttttt tity in the
world. (Shaine.) It meets its at every turn—you ean't
do anything in social reform butt you are met with the spies.
tine of education. Take the guests of sanitary refusal.
Why do people live is, had cellars, sunounded by filth and
disease ? luu may say it is their poverty ; but their po.
yerty rouses as much from their ignorance as their viers
often spring from their ignorsinee. (.Ippbeisse.)
The
great 111104 of thus people distil know what the- sanitary laws
are ; they don't know that ventilation is good for health
they don't know that the miasma of miseavenged and nus•
raswered streets, or import, alleys, produces cholera and
disease. If they slid know these things people would
take care they inhabited 'whs.'. houses ; soul if people were
only more earefnl in their habits than they are, and hus-
banded their means, they mightget into
better tenses.
And when I hear pensions advocate temperaisee. 1 say
the best way is to oiforst them some other ocentiat ion sir re-
s.reation than that which is derived only through their 10.11111 Si;
and the best way is to give them ethical' . lithe working
man is deprived of tISCHt. uxs realtous, Which casuist of
the
enjelyinents that eiliteati 111 l and 14414141
trl illi l ig give, naturally fall. into Ilse excitement of sen-
sual inibilgenee, bei.attss• excitement all individuals
mast
lieu, hear.) I gee in Inherent parts of the ei
try a great social movement lasing on isetweeu different
chums of the so •. For iushulre,in 1'11.14011 plll
haVe 911.11011t11 :411111111s•nuous old Of Work, 1 there is in
that vireo not a Chi 111 l hey but is eels' and cheerless
neither snook.. nor steam cheering your eyes. balk at the
destitution and misery eallhed by laying a loan is, this
state for um tit sir Ni% weeks. Why is this I misses.. it
springs forth ignollUlet.. Not ig 111111111111 l Clllllllll4l 141
party eta the &Matte. ( .Ipphirs se.) It ia
both aide-4, and ileptiiral•le is its 11.14111 t. Wit 110 pill sop•
pose that when the world bowsaws more enlightened that yin'
will hare 'welt a seen.. as 111 k, of it %lads. is. • !,• stop•
ping its hshamns for a month OE mix weeka, slut emitting
miseries, immorality, and slestititte that may out ha' 11.-
1041 for lice sir six years to eilllll. ( I When
masters and men nuadristus,l trot. priori onesups 'ii %%Melt
the rate of wages amt profits they will set-
tle their matters and arrange their slitferenees in a
less bungling way than that which now lirisst.!s so
mush misery upon sill parties to the quarrel. t tedibliese.
We shall never be aide as fl 1111 1111 l mining
community until a scloossi invariably goes tip shrug sing
every manufactory. mid at the lull al's' mine
in the kingdom. ( Loud applause..) When l cants. through
AI •liester the salter 'la) I thrush many tot tits. most Milli-
entity' neumfartuiring empitalists talking very gravely nisei
a report which hail reached them from r grutls.ulun whss
was avivetesl by the t:overtinnist to go out to America to
make a report upon the Brest Exhilliti 111 l in New York.
ale had been over to New fork to n•port ntion the progress
of mechanies and mechanieuil arts in the United States.
( /Icor, bear.l NO rillOrt to the tiovennsient has as yet
been published, but it has oozed slut that be hem found in
Allll'ol4l *degree of intelligensve among the matinfactui hog
operatives, and a state of things in the ineelianis.al arts,
whieli has convinced him that if we are to hold our OVlll—
we are not to fall back in the rear in the rases. of nations
—we moat educate 1.111.1.1.1.111 V, so as to pot them mesa a
level Wills the more s dile:still artisans of the I uutrd `lutes.
I situ delighted with this :t r. let lint Englishmen k •of
a danger to fees. and of a difficulty to surmount, and there
is nothing within the omits' s.. of bnniass callsichs which
they will not 1115.111111111,11, its, why should AlliCrietl lit•
better editeated than England ' Ito you think that a new
country, which has the wilderness to cultivate, pr * IA
forests to level, n 1111174 to 11111.10.,111111 every bridge and church
to erect, iN is, a position to rival an old courtly, it' that
tionntry will only do its shitty tll its ? t near,
No : an old country has greater ivolvantau.:es and facilities at
command than a new a.m., still, it von find a new country
heating an old One in this manner, depend upon it, it is
tiresome of some fault in the obi sine. t I And
don't despair even now—l should not ski:otir sit this
c try. if the people monist only resolve to du it. surpass.
Mg all the world in education in a geneniti,in sir tu us. hot
Wu &twat uut refuse to adopt the itarrovd wachiuely ut