The Press.
London, England, 1855-09-15 00:00:00

RUSSIA.

Letters from St. Petersburg, received in Hamburg
on Wednesday, announce that numerous reinforce-
ments have been sent off to the Crimea. General
Bihikoff has been removed from his post of Minister
of the Interior.

The correspondent of La Prease, writing from St.
Petersburg, under date Sept. 1, says :

On the receipt of Prince Gortschakoff's despatch
announcing the failure at the Tscherneys, the Emperor
Alexander immediately summoned a Council of War, com-
posed of all his most competent generals. The Emperor
read the despatch to them, and a discussion took place as
to the new plan of operations to be adopted in order to
restore to the troops the moral courage which dna defeat
had shaken. Thereupon the Emperor ordered an inquiry
into the conduct of General Read. The Emperor, address•
ing Prince Menschikoff. who, as well as General Denen-
berg, was present, inquired why it was that the system of
attack had not been followed up when the enemy was
suffering from disease, and had not those reinforcements
which now enable them to fight with advantage. Prince
Menschikoff immediately replied that they were forced to
abandon the series of successive attacks, in consequence
of the want of powder. Upon this the Emperor quickly
turned round to Prince I)olgorouki, the Minister of War,
and bitterly upbraided him for his inconceivable negli-
gence in not keeping the army well supplied with all the
necessary munitions of war. Prince Dolgorouki gruffly
answered that the assertion was false, and that there had
never been any want of either provisions or munitions in
the Crimea or elsewhere. Prince Menschikoff retorted
that the Minister of War did not know what he was say-
ing; and that a person who had neither smelt nor burned
powder was incompetent to give an opinion on that ques-
tion. If the Emperor had not dissolved the Council, by
ordering General Aide-de-Camp Count Alexis Orloff to
institute an inquiry, with the view of ascertaining the
truth of the two statements, no one knows to what length
the dispute might have gone.
The writer adds:—
The continuance of the war will destroy the military
reputation of Prince Gortschakoff, as it has already done
with regard to Prince Paskiewitch, Prince Menschikoff,
General Denenberg, and many others. General Pe-
rowski, known for his unfortunate expedition to Khiva.
and whose brother is Minister of the Apanages, is already
spoken of as his successor.

Russia has been aq unfortunate in her diplomatic as in
her military acts. The recent circular of Count Nessel-
reds remains without effezt. It was hoped, through the
interveution of Austria, to open up new ground for *ego.

877

tiations with the Western Powers, but the attempt has not
succeeded, and the Court of Vienna has declined to inter.
fere. However, Russia is dissatisfied with the timid and
almost clandestine policy of the Cabinet of Berlin.
SPAIN.
The Court on the oth inst. was about to return to
Madrid, when the Queen would make known her full
approval of the regulations of the palace.
The floating debt was increased during the month
of August by 1,000,000 reals, and amounted up
to the Ist oft September to 606,043,333 real*.
According to the Gazette, the forced loan will be
made up by voluntary subscriptions.
Not less than 450,213 domains were sold on the
11th ; the upset price was 3,500,000 reals, and the
purchasing price 7,000,000.
An unfortunate affair has taken place at Malaga.
Four sailors, belonging to an English vessel, gum-
relied, while in a state of drunkenness, with some of
the inhabitants. Two of them were killed and one
wounded. Two or three of the assassins have been
arrested, and will be severely punished.

UNITED STATES.
The American steamship North Star, Captain
Wamack, belonging to the Vanderbelt line of
packets, arrived off Cowes, en route to Havre, on
Wednesday, with New York dates to the Ist inst.
A terrible railway accident occurred between New
York and Philadelphia on the 29th ultimo, by which
twenty-one persons were killed, and about seventy
were seriously wounded. The accident was caused
as follows :—Two trains sighted each other upon a
single line of rails, but, in time to reverse the engines
so as to prevent running into each other ; a waggon,
drawn by two horses, happened to come in contact
with one of the trains while backing, and broke
through the carriages of the line. The screams of
the wounded were horrible.

Yellow fever still prevailed at Norfolk and Ports-
mouth ; the deaths at New Orleans averaged four.
teen per day.
A letter from Brownsville states that San Louis
had pronounced against the Government, and that
1,500 men were to march on idatainoras on the :20th
ultimo.
News from Fort Pierce report the troops healthy
and the Indians quite quiet.
The submarine cable for connecting Newfoundland
and Nova Scotia had been lost.

WEST INDIES.
In an article on the prospects of the sugar cultiva-
tion of the island, which the writer looks upon as
hopeless, the Jamaica Morning Journal thus ex-
plains the great want of the colony :

One thing is certain, however, that whether or not
sugar cultivation in Jamaica ever experiences a revival, or
whether it becomes extinct, the time has arrived when, if
it is desired that the island shall enjoy even a moderate
share of prosperity, united and well-directed efforts must
be made for the development of our innumerable re-
sources. It is as clear as the sun at noon-day, that if we
obstinately determine to stand or fall by the cultivation of
sugar alone, our destruction is inevitable, and not far dis-
tant. Equally self-evident is it that if we would be saved,
we must put forth our hands and help ourselves. The
cry which has been raised of our innate helplessness, and
of the absolute necessity of Imperial aid, is a notion
fraught with incalculable danger, and, if persisted in, to
the exclusion of all efforts to achieve our own salvation,
must result in sinking the island below the contempt of
other countries, naturally far inferior to this fine island.
We are really ashamed of the lachrymose manlier in
which certain big children amongst us are continually
crying to " Manaus" fur a piece of bread and
butter, as their whinings about the obligation of the
British Government to assist them may he termed.
We hope these continual cumplainings are not taken in
England as the reflex of public opinion in this island,
or we would have cause to blush for the estimation in
which the manhood of the island must be held there. We
have said it is absolutely necessary for attention to be paid
to the development of the ether resources of the island,
besides sugar and rum. We need not particularise, in
this article, for our brother journalists and ourselves have
done so so frequently that our readers must be as familiar
as ourselves with the immense number of articles which
might be prepared amongst us, not only for home con-
'gumption, hat for exportation, instead of our being de-
pendent, as we are at present, on foreign countries for
such articles as maize, corn, meal, rice, peas of various
sorts, cocoanut oil, and other articles of food, fie., besides
everything necessary and ornamental in the way of
clothing. We require in the island a race of small
farmers, constituting a stout yeomanry. We have as
what cannot be denied, that the island is
thinly inhabited ; we would be glad to see every valley and
hillside studded with farmsteads ; and we would welcome
among us as many honest, industrious immigrants as we
could obtain of the same description as are constantly
pouring into Canada, the United States, and Australia, as
permanent settlers. lf, however, we cannot get such peo-
ple, we ought to employ the bone and sinew we have
among us for so desirable a purpose. Thinly peopled as
Jamaica is, it is, on the whole, more densely stocked with
inhabitants than the United States, which have increased
front a small laegitiniug into a mighty nation, in less than
a century. Would that oar own people could be induced
to follow the example of the Americans, and that those
who cannot find employment in the towns would seek a
home in the woods. We say esspbaneally—ths is the
future hope of Jamaica.