The Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1861-01-08 00:00:00

AMERICA.

ACTUAL SECESSION OF SOUTH CAROLINA

THE UNANIMOUS PASSAGE or THE SECESSION
ACT IN THE STATE CONVENTION.

THE MANIFESTO OF THE SOUTH
CAROLINA CONVENTION.

By the Europa, which arrived in the Mersey
yesterday, we have New York papers down to the
25th ult. inclusive.

NVe take the following from the New York
Herald of that date t—u

dediaratibti of causes
did Pitt forth as justifying the secession of
South Carolina from the Federal Union, as reported
by the committee to prepare an address to the
Southern States :
The State of South Carolina having determined to
itatime a separate and etttial iuttions,
aeenii it dice aiid the remaining United States
the nations of the world, that she should
&dare the causes which led to the act. In 1765. that
portion pf the British Empire embracing Great Britain
undertook to make laws for the government of the
American colonies. A struggle for the right of self-
government ensiled, which resulted on the 4th of July,
1776, in a declaration by the colonies that they are, and
of right ought to be free and independent States, and
that as free and indeperidtnt States they hale full power
to levy war; conclude peace, Contract alliances, establish
commette, and dd stiall Miligs which independent State,
have the Melt to do. They further solemnly declared
just
whenever any form of government becomes de-
structive of these ends, it is the established right of the
people to alter and abolish it and institute a new govern-
ment. Deeming that the government of Great Britain
had become destructive of these ends, they declared the
colonies free and absolved from allegiance to the British
crown, and the political connection between them and
Great Britain was totally dissolved. The committee say
the right of a State to govern itself, and the right of the
people to abolish a government when it becomes de-
structive of the ends for which it was instituted were
expressed when the colonies separated from the Mother
Country, attd beetteib free and independent States.
the parties difiending the constitution on the 17th of
September, 1787, were the several sovereign States.
On May 23, 1788, South Carolina, by a convention of
her people, assented to the amended constitution of the
United States. The failure of one of the contracting
parties to maintain the constitutional obligations, releases
the other. Fifteen of the Northern States have de-
liberately refused for years to fulfil their constitutional
obligations. He would refer to those States for a proof
of this. When the fourth article of the constitution was
adopted, the greater number of the contracting parties
held slims. The hostility of the Northern States to the
institution of slavery had led them to disregard their
constitutional obligations. The laws of the general
govetnthent have ceased to effect the objects of the
Constitution. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massa-
chusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Penn-
sylvania, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin
and lowa have enacted laws either nullifying the consti-
tution or to render useless all attempts to execute the
acts of Congress. In many of these States fugitives
" held to service and to labour" have been claimed, but
in none of them has the State government complied
with the stipulation on this subject made in the constitu-
tion. The ends for which this government was instituted
have been defeated, and the government itself made
destructive by the action of the non-slaveholding States.
Those States assumed the right of deciding on the
propriety of our domestic institutions. They denied
the rights of property established in fifteen States,
and recogiised by the constitution. They have de-
nounced as sinful the institution of slavery ; have per-
mitted an open establishment of societies, whose avowal
and object are to disturb the peace and prosperity of
the citizens of other States ; they have encouraged and
assisted thousands of our slaves to leave their homes,
and those who remain have been incited by emissaries,
by books and pictures, to servile insurrection. Twenty-
five years this agitation has been steadily increasing,
until they have secured the power of the common
government. Observing the forms of the constitution,
a sectional party has found within that article, esta-
blishing an executive department, means of subverting
the constitution itself. A geographical line has been
drawn across the Union, and all States north of that
line have united in the election of a man to the high
office of President of the United States whose opinions
and purposes are hostile to slavery. In the formation of
the federal government each State was recogniSed as an
equal, the right of property in slaves was recognised by
giving all free persons distinct political rights,. by giving
them the right to represent and burthening them with
direct taxes for three-fifths of their slaves, by authorising
the importation of slaves for twenty years, and by
stipulating for the rendition of fugitives from labour.
He is to be entrusted with the administration of the
common government, because it is declared that a
government cannot endure permanently, half slave and
half free, and that the public mind must rest in the •
belief that slavery is in the course of ultimate extinc-
tion. This sectional combination for the subversion
of the constitution has been aided in the States by
elevating to citizenship persons who, by the supreme
law of the land, are incapable of becoming citizens,
and their votes have been used to inaugurate the new
policy hostile to the South and destructive to its
peace and safety. On the 4th of March next this
party will take possession of the government. It has
been announced that the South shall be excluded
from the common Territory; that the judicial tribunals
will be made sectional; that war must be waged against
slavery until it shall cease throughout the United States,
The guarantees of the constitution will then no longer
exist ; equal rights of the States will be lost. The
slaveholding States will no longer have the power of
self-government or self-protection, and the federal
government will have become their enemy. Sectional
interests and animosity will deepen the irritation, and
all hope of remedy is rendered vain by the fact that the
public opinion of the bi orth has invested the great
political error with the sanction of a more erroneous
religious belief.

We, therefore, the people of South Carolina, by our
delegates in Convention assembled, appealing to the
Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our
intentions, have solemnly declared the union heretofore
existing between this State and the other States of North
America is dissolved, and that the State of South Caro-
lina has resumed her position among the nations of the
world as a free, sovereign, independent State, with full
power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances,
establish commerce, and do all other acts and things
which independent States may of right do; and for the
support of this declaration, with a firm reliance for pro-
tection on Divine Providence, we mutually pledge each
other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honour.

SPREAD OF THE SECESSION FIRE IN THE
SOUTH.

Cozarustra, Dec. 22, 1860.
The news of the secession of South Carolina has
created intense excitement and rejoicing in Georgia and
Alabama. All the towns have been illuminated, cannon
fired and bells rung, amid general excitement. Colum-
bus, Montgomery, Atlanta, Savannah, Mobile, and
Macon, are in a blaze of enthusiasm.

The ordinance of secession will be passed in Alabama
on the 10th of January.

In Georgia the secessionists will have a small majo-
rity, but all will be forced to join Alabama and South
Carolina,

We have reliable information from Mississippi, and it is
certain that she will secede immediately after the meet-
ing of the Convention.

INTENSE EXCITEMENT AT PITTSBURG.

REPORTED REMOVAL OF IMPLEMENTS OF
WAR TO THE SOUTH.
Prrrsnuxa, PA., Dec. 24, 1860.
Intense excitement exists here today, in consequence
of ite being made public that United States Quarter-
master Taliafero was negotiating for the shipment from
the Alleghany arsenal, of seventy-eight guns to Newport,
near Galveston island, Texas, and forty-six more to
Ship Island, near Balize, at the mouth of the Mississippi
River, the apparent object being to strip the Alleghany
arsenal, and place the guns where the secessionists could
get them.
Major Symington, of Maryland, in command of the
arsenal, declined to give the press any information on
the subject.

- -
EXCITEMENT IN NEW ORLEANS.
NEW ORLEANS, Dec. 21, 1860.
The reception of the news of the secession of South
Carolina created an intense excitement to-day. At
twelve o'clock three thousand citizens assembled sponta-
neously in front of the building of the Southern Rights
Association, on Cam P-street, to witness the unfolding of
the Pelican flag, amidst immense cheers, the People's
Band playing the Marseilles Hymn. Tremendous
cheers were given for South Carolina and Calhoun.
Speeches were made by distinguished citizens.
The Pelican flag is a red star in centre, with' a'pelican
and young, on a white field. One hundred guns were
fired from each of the districts in the city, amid tre-
mendous enthusiasm for the independent two P's—
Palmetto and Pelican.

ARRIVAL OF GEORGIA VOLUNTEERS AT
CHARLESTON.
CHARLESTON, Dec. 24, 1860.
A company of eighty men arrived from Savannah
yesterday, and tendered their services to the Governor
of the State, in the name of the Minute Men, or Sons
of the South. -

THE PRESIDENT ELECT AND THE
SECESSION MOVEMENT.
The springuel4 Journal has a startling leader on

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