The Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1860-07-21 00:00:00

GARIBALDI'S PROGRAMME.

WE ought, perhaps, to beg GARIBALDI'S pardon
for having, some ten days ago, accusedhim of having
been entrapped by French intriguers into a pre-
mature effort to annex Sicily to Sardinia. It
was at that time given out that such_ was his
intention. We know now that the rumour was
propagated by those in whom doubtless "the
wish was father to the thought." Immediate
annexation involved the dethronement of GARI-
BALDI from the dictatorship, and the substitution
of French direction, through the
,instrumentality
of Count CAVOUR. To get rid of GARIBALDI
seems necessary in working out the favourite
French theory of confederation of Italian
States, as opposed to GARIBALDI'S theory of an
united Italian kingdom. The object of France
may be to maintain the POPE at Rome until the
EMPEROR finds it convenient to enthrone him-
self among the Seven Hills. 'Phis could only be
attained by maintaining Italy disunited. The
idea of a permanent confederation between such
discordant materials as those of the Bourbons,
professing Constitutionalism at Naples, the POPE
at Rome claiming restoration of his dominions,
and " the excommunicated Sovereign " of. Nor-
-1 thern Italy, is manifestly absurd, and cannot
be seriously contemplated by so astute a ruler as
Louis NAPOLEON, except as a temporary expedient
to serve his own ambitious objects. France has.
induced FRANCIS 11. to announce a Constitution
to his subjects, and to make offer of alliance with
VICTOR EMMANUEL ; and the' Cabinet of Turin
wavers betwixt distrust of FRANCIS 11. and the
fear of offending its powerful ally. The skilful
efforts which have been made to secure the
annexation of Sicily as a preliminary requisite to
to this scheme, in which Sardinia has been made

to play a part in sending: LA FARINA to Sicily
to bring about that object, must be set down
to the credit or discredit of LOUIS NAPOLEON
and his influence over the Court of Turin, rather
than to any spontaneous disloyalty to the cause
of Italian unity on the part of VICTOR EMMANUEL.
It may suit the convenience of the French Em-
peror not to appear as an active agent in the
process, and to throw all the odium of the
manoeuvre upon Sardinia ; but no one, not even
GARIBALDI, distrusts the fidelity of VICTOR
EMMANUEL to the cause of the Italians. The
King of Sardinia, however, rightly or wrongly,
has allowed himself to fall irredeemably under
eye of the French Basilisk, and feels himself
obliged to follow a tortuous and underhand policy.
GARIBALDI, on the other hand, seems to have
• learned wisdom. from the past, and, has deter-
' ininedly refused to take steps for the immediate
annexation of Sicily to Sardinia. "
This critical state of matters in Italy has been
plainly revealed by the fact of LA FARINA'S
expulsion from the island by the peremp-
tqry orders of GARIBALDI, and the statements
which have since been given to the world in
connection with, and in explanation of, the trans-
action.' LA FARINA states that there was no
difference of opinion between him and GARI-
BALDI as to the question of ultimate annexation'
—the point of dispute being as to whether it
should be immediate or be postponed until the
liberation of all Italy, including Venetia and Rome,
should be accomplished. LA FARINA accuses
GARIBALDI of having tried every method of dis-
crediting, in the eyes of the Sicilians, the
Piedmontese Government and certain Italian
statesmen. In so far as this has any foundation
in truth, doubtless it refers to GARIBALDI'S
distrust.of Count CAVOUR. It is well known that
the moment it became manifest to all the world
that Count CAVOUR had sold Nice and Savoy to
France, the high-minded General internally
resolved to trust him no more; and whether
or not GARIBALDI received any assistance from
the Sardinian Government in setting out on his
present military adventures, it cannot be doubted
that it could only have been of such a nature
as left him at liberty, freely and independently
to act on his own responsibility. Even- had it
been otherwise, the official declarations of the
Sardinian Government that they had had nothing
to do with, and only could not prevent, GARI-
BALD'S embarkation, were enough to absolve
GARIBALDI from all allegiance, and to follow
unhesitatingly his own course. In the face of sucli
protests from Count CAvouß;it must be admitted
that GARIBALDI owes all his victories to his own
bravery and skill; and what wonder if, as LA
FARINA asserts, he teaches the Sicilians to distrust
the present policy of the Piedmontese Govern-
ment and the statesman at the head of its adminis-
tration. The Dictator, however, has not distrusted
VICTOR EMMANUEL, although he -has distrusted
his Minister. His object is to save the King of
Sardinia from the crooked policy of CAVOUR and
real master, the French Emperor. Here is
GARIBALDI'S programme, asexpressed by Genera
MEDICI in a proclamation to the Sicilians :
" Sicilians !—The cause. of liberty and indepen-
dence, the common cause of all, unites you. You,
the first and the only-ones, have commenced the
struggle against the oppressor ; you have fought
valiantly, you hirie been victorious. Your arms
are blessed. We,- volunteers from the battles that
have illustrated the fields of Lombardy—we hea-
-1 ten to join you at the call of duty. We have
already fought together ; we will fight again,
and we shall again be victorious, because we are
united. Brave young men of . • • • make
yourselves volunteers for the defence' of the
common country and of liberty, like us. GA-
RIBALDI, our supreme
chief, has called me
among . you ; his name alone is our pro-
gramme, and he is the guarantee of all. Some of
-my officers, in concert with your municipal
authorities, "are charged to enrol you-. We shall
all remain soldiers to the end of the war. Join,
-then, in numbers; come, and swell the ranks of
my army. I shall be proud to command you.
We shall render entirely free the ancient and
glorious land of your birth. Animated by one
single principle, we will consecrate the pact of
solidarity at the foot of Mount Etna, we will
renew it at the foot of the Lion of St. Marc, to
break the foreign fetters that enchain it, and we
shall behold the glorious tricolour flag float upon
the Capitol." •

Here, then, is a noble programme which may
yet baffle Louis NAPOLEON'S designs of estab-
lishing his own dynasty on the throne of another
great Roman Empire. Here is another blow to
the treaty of Villafranca. It may involve a
fearful struggle, and =AI lass of blood and
treasure, but we may depend upon it that GARI-
BALDI has now a full knowledge of the diffi-
culties he has to encounter ; and we have
seen, too, much of his daring prowess and
unfailing skill to suppose that he may be
easily baffled in the task he has undertaken.
Will Louis NAPOLEON dare to interfere in Naples
to maintain BOMBALINO on the throne ? To do so
on the pretence of the King having profferred a
constitutipq and alliance with Northern Italy,
were one of the most digraoehil shams which
LOUIS NAPOLEON has yet perpetrated under the
name of freedom and order. The infamous and
perjured tyrants of the house of BOURBON have
sacrificed every claim to the favourable conside-
ration of mankind. Their oaths are premeditated
perjuries, and. their fairest promises, if trusted,
are destined to be washed oat ja, the spilt
blood of. the people, or to be bAried in the
horrid dungeons and dismal subterranean caverns,
which are already peopled by the 'ghosts of so
many thousands of their unoffending subjects.
The oppressor is no longer to be tolerated among
the smiling hills and valleys of that beautiful
laud. The hour of doom is come, the fatal knell
has been struck, and the BOURBON must be
ignominously expelled from every corner of
Italy. Even Loiiis NAPbLFON dare not step in
to avert their inglorious fate. All hail, then, to
GARIBALDI and his brave troops ! May success,
speedy and decisive, wait upon him and them in
their great enterprise.. If for a moment we did him
wrong in. believing the current report that he was
about to annex Sicily to Sardinia, we heartily
rejoice'• that we were happily mistaken. The
heart of every Englishman and of every lover
of constitutional freedom is with him in this
glorious warfare for the restoration of the long
down-trodden rights of his fellow-countrymen..
Not from Britain alone--the birthplace and home

of liberty—but from every clime where men

have tasted the blessings it confers, is wafted over

vast continents, and re-echoed from shore to

shore, the shouts of millions of true heartF,

blending into one loud and earnest cry of " GOD

SPEED GARIBALDI."

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
PARIS, Thursday, July 19.
The discussion on the Budget having termi-
nated, several of the opposition speeches, and
among the number the Vicomte de Kerveguen,
whose remarks upon the mal-administration of
the building department of the navy I referred to
in my letter yesterd.a3--have asked and obtained
permission to print and distribute their respective
speeches. Politics and finance have been stiO-
ceeded for the last two or three dAys by'the sub-
jects of the proposed itAyvue
e 4 of forty, millions of
francs for gdgcational purposes :—the projected
railway to encircle Paris, so long promised, so
long deferred, and not yet eoMplietvd; and the
additional loin of six millions sterling by the city
otParis, 11 TP/Ij
x
a -1., prolectq were voted after leng,
theued discussions; that on thebt of them being
reported in the Mon teur of toWY•
Another step towards indoctrinating public

opinion with the idea that the Sultan is abso-
lutely powerless to repress the disturbances in
Syria, and punish the fanatic miscreants by
whom the sanguinary massacres of the Christians,
have been perpetrated, and that Napoleon
111. is the " coming man" to head a fresh
crusade against the Infidels, (did not his uncle
offer to become a Mahomedan in the
course of his Egyptian campaign ?) is taken by M.
Grandguillot in this day's Constitutionnel. It
is there said, among other things, that even
admitting that Turkey has not violated its solemn
promises made in the face of all Europe, and
to France especially, to protect the Christians in
its dominions from the cruelty of their Moslem
fellow subjects, it is evident that she is chargeable
with a criminal want of foresight, in not pro-
viding beforehand the means of repressing any
such outrages when they occurred, and can no
longer be entrusted with this duty for the future.
The article thus concludes :—" France, towards
which the East turns its look, because it knows

well that it. is the land of heroes, devoted and
generous, will find in its historical traditions the
inspirations of an initiative which her seculir
greatness imposes upon her. The Emperor in thus
again seizing upon (reprenant), in the name of
imperious necessity, circumstances which are in
keeping with ("la suite) our history, will rally
round this idea, some of thoSe which interest
modern civilisation the most, and which have the
unanimous sympathy of peoples and governments.
As I am unable to " reckon up" the historical
traditions of France, as regards its interference
in Eastern affairs under the first Consul, without
thinking of Acre and Sir Sydney Smith, all this
high sounding phraseology falls rather flat on my
sense of the sublime. But, however that may be,
it is a veritable crusade and nothing less, which
is being now preached in the columns of the Paris
press, and that, not only by L' Opinion Nationale,
which advocates the views of what may be called
" a very advanced democratic Bonapartism," but
also, which is less to be wondered at, by the
Monde, the Union, and the Gazette tie France,
the organs of religion and legitimacy. That a
large body of- land forces will be despatched
speedily to Syria, no doubt whatever is enter-
tained; but as General Trochu, to whom, it is

said, the command of the expedition had been
entrusted, has gone to Normandy on a tour of
inspection, the news of his appointment was a
canard:- It is thought here that the Times and
the principal English journals, are in favour of
England also sending a body of troops, and that
public opinion in England has entirely changed
as regards Russia. Several other Powers, in-
cluding Spain, wish to send contingents either
in , ships or troops. As respects French
preparations, I hear that the Amazone, a

huge transport, which was about to convey
1,200 convicts to Cayenne, has had its
orders countermanded, and is to be employed in
transporting troops to the coast of Syria. The
same has happened in the case of several ships
which were about to be put out of commission.
It appears, also, that the chief part of the force
is to be selected from the troops in Algeria, as
being. best suited to stand the devouring heat
which the expedition will encounter on its arrival.
It is curious to find that Abd-el-Kader should have
asked the Government to lend him some of its
Algetian Riflemen to assist him in his efforts to
put down the disturbances.

The latest report circulated here, respecting
Garibaldi, is that he has fitted Palermo at the
head of 10,000 volunteers, for the purpose, in all
Likelihood, of making a descent upon the Neapo-
litan provinces on the Continent. This step, you
may reply upon it, is imminent, if it be not
already effected. Some of the journals say that
he has gone to attack Messina, but this report is
supposed, in well-informed quarters, to be merely
a blind to disguise -his real intentions.

It. is given out that the object of the
mission of M. de la Greca is, to endeavour
to obtain from the Emperor his support to
the suggestion that the vote of the Sicilians
should be confined to the question of the
acceptance or non-acceptance of the constitution
now offered them; but, that the views of the
Sicilians have a much wider range, may be
gathered from the extent of the preparations
which they are making both for attack and defence.
According to the Unite Italienne, the provisional
government has ordered 200 Paixham guns, several
steamers, and 1,000 saddles from abroad, whilst a
large number of cannon and other war material
are being manufactured in the foundries esta-
blished at Palermo out of the bells of the churches,
for the procuring of which a commission has been
appointed.
I find the following account of the present state
of matters at Naples, in the letter of one of the
numerous correspondents of a French journal :

"As for Naples, the Bourbon dynasty exists no
longer but in nanie. Partisans of the previous
regime are assaulted openly without any notice
being taken of it by the existing authorities. The
friends of the dynasty, intimidated, do not dare
to establish a journal, nor institute an electoral
committee. Journals which eulogise Garibaldi
are handed about publicly, as well as little printed
papers loudly demanding annexation. There has
even been put in circulation an appeal by Gari-
baldi• to the army. Naples is inundated with
these flying sheets and power is nothing more than
official powerlessness; the revolution has turned it
into stone (l'a meduse)."
The last report as respects his Holiness is, that
he'has received another and final letter from the
Emperor, imploring him to grant concessions.

Excellent accounts are received from the banks
of the Rhone as to the state of the vine and the
harvest. The grapes are well forward for the
season, and the vines in a most healthy condition.
The bunches are most promising in appearance,
and are rapidly advancing to ripeness, thanks to
the recent superb weather. The vintage, unless
some unexpected' change in the weather occur, is
certain to be early, and to all appearance abundant.
In anticipation of a great demand for them, the
vinegrowers are busy preparing and procuring
casks, the price of which is daily increasing,. The
late showers, which did not last long, have done
a great deal of good in the above district ; they
have imparted strength to vegetation, especially
to the potato, 'oats, and wheat, which last has
in some places been harvested. The rye harvest
has been completed very favourably. There was
never a better hay crop.
The following were th,e closing quotation
to-day of the French and Foreign Funds and
Railways :

PUBLIC SECURITIES.

Coedit Vorkie
Belgian Four7and-a-
Half per Cents
Piedmontese Fives
Roman.
Austrian •
Spanish Threes 471
Home liebt . A.-I
ANAYs,

Cash. Ace.
Southern .. 602 i . . 502,1
Western.... 575 575
Eastern 617 - 6181
Sardinian .. 4011.. 400
Austrian . . 5071. 5481
Lombard . . 50Q • • 5014