The Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1860-08-29 00:00:00

THE QUEEN'S SPEECH.

THE QUEEN'S speech has been delivered and
Parliament has been prorogued, all in due form.
"My Lords and Gentlemen" are dismissed to
their several counties to follow their several
avocations. These are not likely to be of the
most irksome or oppressive Character, seeing that
grouse and partridge shooting are generally
viewed as recreative pastimes, and " chasing the
deer" in the Highlands is a process of relaxation
purely voluntarily, however laborious: Neither
can these sports be said greatly to interest the
mass of the people of these realms, however much
they may relish an occasional slice of venison,
the back of a grouse, or the breast of a partridge,
by way of variety. What, then, are we to think
of Her Gracious Majesty's words,—or rather
the words put into her mouth by Lord PAL-
MERSTON,—addressed to her Parliament, when
she You will be returning to your
counties, where you will have duties to perform
scarcely less important than those which have
occupied you during the session of Parliament."
Lord PALMERSTON is notoriously waggish, and
doubtless he has sense enough to know that the
session has been frittered away to
,little or no
good purpose. Could he have been guilty of the I
inpropriety of deliberately introducing the words
we have quoted as a bit of sarcasm ? and when
he advised Her Majesty to add a fervent prayer
that success might attend their vacation duties, •
did he ironically mean to insinuate the hope
that the honourable members might prove more
successful as sportsmen, than they had been this
session as legislators ? Verily, however much
out of place such a taunt might be in a solemn'
State document like a Queen's speech, it has no
been undeserved by the majority of Lord PAL-
MERSTON'S supporters, the members of his Cabinet

included.
If we are to regard this speech as a Ministerial
summary of the fruits of 'their labours during the
session; what a wretched contrast do its meagre
contents present to the grandly crowded pro-
gramme with which • they induced Her Majesty
to open Parliament. We were to have no end of
Reforms. The representation of the people was
to, be put on a vastly amended footing, so that
this long-vexed question might at last be settlid
in a manner satisfactory to all parties. To do
this, Ministers came into power. We were to
have a fiscal reform affecting all internal and
international sources of revenue so comprehensive
and advantageous, that the mere contemplation
of its outlines produced a delirium in and out,of.
Parliament; and led many to imagine that the
golden age was about to be restored when we
should enjoy perfect peace and complete' exemp-
tion from all fears of war, and commercial pros-
perity, almost without any taxation. The Augean
stable of law abuses, which for a generation back
has been a standing challenge to every would-be,
HERCULES to clean it out, was to be swept clean.
At all events the law of Bankruptcy was no longer
to be allowed to remain in its present shamefully
defective and faulty condition. Over and above
all, that venerable piece of antiquity, the City of
London Corporation, which has seduced or baf-
fled so many Reformers, was to be fearlessly dealt
with, and made conform to the spirit of the 'age
we live in. Of these matters the Government
voluntarily undertook to effect a settlement.,
How far, then, were all these fine promises a vain
show ? How far have Miniiters trifled _with the
time of the House of Commons and the hopes of
the public ? As to the fate of the Refrn
Bill
Her Majesty maintains solemn silence! There is

the Navy, and two acts bearing upon endowed
churches and charities : and these are the
whole ! Lord PALMERSTON has caused the
QUeen to add a general assertion that "several"
other acts, have been. passed for legal
reform which must lead to, the more satis-
factory administration of justice," having in view
no doubt, the Divorce Courts Amendment A.;:t
" for the more satisfactory administration of
justice" to those unfortunate people who have got
into the meshes of matrimony. Why was Her
Majesty not permitted to specify that important
act ? Surely the beggarly list of measures spe-
cially named is sufficiently meagre to have made
it desirable to add, with the Queen's permission,
anything that would have given it increased pro-
portions. Were Ministers ashamed to ask her
Majesty to mention that "free and easy" measure?
or did Hei-Majesty positively decline to put her
subjects in remembrance of the additional facilities
and temptations thereby afforded for the dese-
cration of the sacred tie of marriage ? Be that
as it may, it is impossible to contemplate the
measures enumerated, and form a just estimate of

their comparative unimportance, without a feeling

of dismay, if not despair. Had even the Bank-
ruptcy Bill been carried through, it would have
done much to redeem the session ; it would have
been something to refer to. Had any serious
attempt been made to reform the City Corporation,
the pledges of Ministers would not altogether
have been forfeited. But as the case stands, the
session has been confessedly barren of everything
but disaster.

On the subject of our relations with Foreign
Powers, Her Majesty "trusts that there is no
danger of any interruption of the general peace
of Europe." This is a very significant, and by
no means unusual, form of speech, employed to
soothe the alarmed in the too certain prospect of
danger. A physician addressing his patient
" trusts that there is no danger," while his skill
teaches him to fear the worst. It may be judi-
cious to assert in the speech that our relations
with foreign powers are " friendly and satisfac-
tory," but we know that even Lords PALMERSTON
and RUSSELL have been anything but satisfied
with France, at least in the matter of Nice and
Savoy. Indeed a whole clause, and that the next
to the largest in the speech, is devoted to that
subject. It is so far satisfactory to find that
Ministers have put into the Queen's mouth so
decided an expression of opinion as to the import-
ance of holding a Conference on the Nice and
Savoy question, with a view to the neutra-
lity and independence of Switzerland. Her
Majesty's allusion to Italian difficulties con-
tains far too many " ifs " to be " satisfac-
tory. " The failure of the Chinese mission
is confessed ; and the object of the allied
exnedition is set forth to be to enforce the treaty
of Tien-tsin, negotiated by Lord ELGIN. The
Syrian massacres are lamented, and the joint
engagement of the Powers to " offer temporary
assistance to the Sultan". is said to have been
cheerfully entered into. We all understand the
value of such an expression of cheerfulness:,
satis-
factory." tiWse.
question how far it goes to support the hypothesis
of our relations with foreign Powers being
factory." If we reflect on the pretence which
was so loudly urged for the overthrow of Lord
DERBY'S Cabinet, namely, that the state of mat-
ters abroad was as critical and threatening, and
Lords DERBY and MALMESBURY so ill-fitted to
dispel fears of invasion, and maintain peace_
Lords PALMERSTON, and RUSSELL being probably
alone competent for that great task—every one
must feel inclined to ask what, then, mean all
our present enormous preparations for defensive,
if not offensive, war, for which Her Majesty
thanks " her faithful Commons ?" The plain
truth is that we are' now in a far more critical
position than when Lord- DERBY left office, and
we owe all this misfortune greatly to Lords PAL-
MERSTON and RussELL's general incompetency,
and especially to their erroneous foreign policy.
It is a gratifying relief to turn from the review
of those parts of the Royal Speech which suggest
only painful reflections on the mismanagement of
home and foreign affairs by the present Whig-
Radical Administration, to those bright spots in
the royal missive in which allusions are made to
topics of universal congratulation. Her Majesty's
prominent and flattering, but not less just, com-
pliment to the . military efficiency, honourable
spirit and patriotism, of the Volunteers, cannot
fail to be appreciated by all. Not less agreeable
are the references to the Prime of Wales' recep-
tion in North America, and the spirit of loyalty,
of order, and of obedience to the law, which pre-
vails throughout the empire. Happily we are
a loyal, contented, and prosperous people, despite
every difficulty from within and without; and we
feel assured that all who read Her Majesty's con-
cluding prayer for the welfare and happiness of
her people, are not more satisfied of the sincerity
roefehiperrogearate eious solicitude, than they must heaitily
loyal feelings of attachment to 'her
throne and peison, and with one voice shout
.g€ GOP SAVE THE QUEEN ! "

AN EXAMFLE WORTHY OF IMITATION.--LThe pro-
prietors of "Our Home," a water cure establishment,
located at Dansville, Livingston county, U.S., kept by
Dr. Jackson, formerly of Glenhaven, publish through
the columns of the Herald of that place an invitation to
all editors of newspapers throughout the United States
who'
sick, to become at any time their guests, with-
out Ole charge, for three months, to take a course of treat-
ment for that length of time. It says : "To those of
you who are addicted to the use of tobacco, ardent spirits,
drug poisons, tea, coffee, or opium, and would like to be
relieved from your dependance on them, we extend this
invitation."
REgoto—Reggio, the city which, as we are informed
from Twin, Garibaldi has jnst captured, is a place of
very considerable importance. It is the capital of the
province of Calabria, Ultra 1., and stands on the Strait
of Messina, about nine miles south-bast from the town of
that name, which, of course, is on the other side of the
strait. The situation of Reggio is one of the most
beautiful in Europe, the plain for miles around being
simply otte immense grove of orange, citron, and lemon
trees, the roads through which are fringed by the clans
and American aloe, and flowers of tropical gorgeousness.
The climate is as salubrious as the scenery is charming ;
hence many wealthy Italians have been induced to take
up their residence here. Regiio was almost destroyed
by an earthquake in 1783; so that the present city, with
its spacious regular streets, its floe publicbu.ildw,g,s, andfountains,
fountains, and its walls with flanked towers, has gra-
dually risen up since that time. Its population amounts
pfil
sahn ite7_,
se
ot
thBe.
to some 16,000 or 18,000., Whose industrial Fnerßes are
chiefly absorbed in expressing e essential oil. fro
rn i
n tly3
moraannugfeasc,
turlemons,
andgr in
o wnta
coast
man,

interesting statistics relating to Paris, the popu
lation of which he estimates, at the beginning o
next year, at not less than 1,700,000. This 'Jape]
will, doubtless, appear subsequently in another
shape ; so that I shall, for the present, content
myself with giving you the concluding paragraph
of his statement, in, which
.he thus ,eloquently
apostrophises Paris :—" Socrates, the father of
philosophy, scarcely ever went out of Athens ;
men of distinction, men who possess minds above
the ordinary level, , come from nearly all our
provinces to cast anchor in Paris —in Paris,
that city of expedients and resources for the poor
as well as for the rich : that city in which mil-
lionaires by birth, and above all, the millionaires
of yesterday, come to make a dash ;' that city of
the happiest situations, and of the highest digni-
ties ; of miseries the most profound, and of call-
ings the most abject ; that city, in which silly
people have so many honourable, so many ridi-
onions, and so many guilty, means of acquiring
fame, and in which the wise may live Unknown ;
that city, as enthusiastic in the pursuit of industry
as in that of pleasure ; that arsenal of all the
vices ; that home of all the virtues ; that city, in
a word, at once a Hell and a Paradise, in which
one rubs shoulders with devils, but sometimes
encounters angels."
Of course I have not failed to notice the doubts
which have lately been expressed as to the future
designs and success of Garibaldi, but I must
again say of him that he is not only no ordinary
mortal, but one of the very greatest of men.
Much more than upon those who are at present
giving him so much advice, does a sense of the
responsibility of his position weigh upon Garibaldi,
and although the extravagances of his genius natu-
rally excite apprehension, rest assured he will
face a conflict with Austria only when he is cer-
tain of coming out of it victorious. He knows
perfectly well the enormous defensive resources
of his enemy, the strength of her strategetical
positions, and the bravery of her soldiers, but he
knows also the points in which she is vulnerable,
and he will raise his arm to strike only at his
own time, and when he feels that he has within
his grasp the elements and the probabilities of
success. His object is known, he has never con-
cealed it ; but the moment of action is a secret of
his own, and rather than expose to risk the fruits
of results already realised, and the triumphs of
every kind which he must obtain previously to
his appearing with his victorious standard before
the Lido of Venice, or on the banks of the Mincio,
he will unhesitatingly apply the curb to the
impatience of the most undisciplined of his
followers. In fact, Garibaldi is at this mo-
ment the only man who can at once direct
and control the movement which is hurrying
Italy on to her new destinies, without having
reason to be afraid of either being overwhelmed in
the vortex of Mazzinism, which he makes use of
as an auxiliary, but at the same time controls not
less effectually than he does the court of Turin.
As to the perils to which he would be exposed,
and the disasters which his defeat by Austria
would entail on the Italian cause, it is suggested
that the day may come when the handful of
volunteers who now follow his standard may turn
out to be merely the nucleus of a force of 300,000
men, qualified to undertake any enterprise ; for,
in addition to all the skill which they will have
acquired in military tactics and discipline, there
would be added that patriotic elan which, while
it would be altogether wanting on the part of
their adversaries, would in their case be certain
to rouse itself up in times so troublous, and bear
them onwards until the entire emancipation of
Italy was completed and secured.
Moreover, this ardour would not be evoked in
favour of the revolutionary principle, but in
behalf of constitutionalism, and that being
the case, there must speedily be brought to
bear upon Austria a weight of public
opinion which, looking to the dangers and
troubles which menace her in Hungary, to
the conditions on which her alliance with Prussia,
and the aid of that power, have been purchased,
must, in the long run, beat down all obstacles.
Lastly, if the attempt to " write down" Garibaldi
were to be successful, such a result must necessarily
pave the way for the re-emergence of revolutionism,
with all its excesses, and all its disasters. The
Dictator of Sicily is clearly at this moment the
embodiment of constitutionalism, and as such he is
entitled to look for, and I cannot help thinking
he will continuo to receive, the support and
encouragement of all constitutionalists.
His present scheme, as far as hitherto deve-
loped, advances apace. . The defection of two
entire brigades of Neapolitans is confirmed, as
well as the taking 'of Reggio. The disembarka-
tions of his troops continue, and are,heing made
at , different points On the coast, between Cape
Siiartimento, a protnontory:at , the south-eastern
extremity of Southern Calabria, and the import-
ant seaport of Tarento, which contains a poula-
lation of 20,000, and is about 150 miles from
NipleS. It is evidently intended to divide, as
much as possible, the. Neapolitan forces, by in-
creasing the number of points which they may
be called upon to defend, and to create as much
uncertainty as possible regarding them. According
to .a correspondent of the Debats, Garibaldi is to
present himself, with the principal portion of his
army, in the neighbourhood of the capital, which
of course involves in its possession the
it very doubtful
fa,to of the
kingdom; and he considers
whether the General was present in person at the
recent actions before Reggio. The defections in
the Neapolitan navy are described as even greater
than in the army four of the'be9t officers in the
former service w;ere " suddenly taken ill" on
being ordered to proceed against the Garibal-
dians, who were also about to occupy Salerno,
also
,burst out
a revolution having in that
town. This writer adds,sthat Reggio) when
attacked by the troops.,°ff.rissio and de Medici,
did not surrender until er a combat of seven
hours' duratiqn so
thatbowthe may
expect to. hear of
frightful slauguter.
on-
to 2ides,
The papers continue teem with most deplo-
rable- aeconnts of sn Syrian outrages ; , horrible,
most horrible, seems to have been the fate of
Christian men, but, above all, of Christian women
and children, at Beyrout and also at Damascus, a
city hallowed by so many associations, and the
sulvect of a stream of historical events well-nigh.
unexampled. A letter from Beyrout, in the Sema-
phore de Marseilles, dated the 18th inst., states
that the number of deaths in the latter city,
which were at least 5,000, was still continuing
to increase—those who were not killed by the
sword perishing by famine and the heat of
the
climate, against which, being homeless and house-
less, they have no protection--Eked it mentions
that the number of women •ls han glr w o have
disappeared, exceeds 2,000.
The stat 9 Of the Bourse yesterday was much
less A ' vourable showing that the Emperor's
speech has not had: the effect
expected from it.
Railway shares have developed no transactions of
any importance; and business in Railway Bonds
is limited, and difficult to effect. The subscrip-
tion to, the city of Paris New Loan is to close on
Saturday next.
P.S,--I have just heard that the Count de
Persigny has arrived in Paris.

trian domination, and the principal object of
of the war was obtained, although the
Italians now jeopardise the independence
which they acquired in consequence of the war.
The principle of non-intervention—now a recog-
nised rule of international policy—eiercised
domineering influence over the further develop-
ment of the question. These are the only ques-
tions which occupy the attention of Europe at
the present moment. The apprehension enter-
tained in Germany respecting the Rhine frontier,
and the fears of an invasion current in England,
do not merit serious discussion. The Rhine
is no longer a strategic frontier. France being
much stronger when Germany is divided, will
never support the project of German unity
for any compensation she might obtain.
Concerning the relations between England and
France, neither of these two powers desired to
enter upon such a terrible struggle as a war
between them would be. The English nation is
peaceful. Their virtuous Queen and the eminent
men in power desire to maintain a good under-
standing between the two nations. In view of so
many great results obtained by France, and the
lustre which they throw around the French
nation, it is natural that uneasiness and distrust

should have arisen in Europe. France, however,
did not create the complications in Italy, neither
did she counsel Austria to follow the fatal policy
which led to the rising of the Italians, nor is she
responsible for the treaties which Austria con-
cluded with the Italian Princes. France used
every possible effort to prevent the conflict. If
the Emperor kept silence before the outbreak of
the war, in reference to his promise to repulse the
attacks of Austria upon Italy, it was with the
motive of leaving the Italians in ignorance of
his powerful assistance ; which, had they been
aware of, would have spread increased ex-
citement amongst them. Thus the silence with
which the Emperor has been reproached was
disadvantageous to himself alone. The same
can be said in reference to the cession of Savoy
and Niee to France; the Italians, after the con-
clusion of the peace of Villafranca, having acted
in violation of that treaty on the other side of the
Alps, France could not renounce her Alpine fron-
tiers, seeing that a great Italian kingdom had
been constituted. France has never concealed
her intentions either from Sardinia or from Eng-
land ; she has deceived nobody. The Emperor
has certainly replaced France in her legiti-
mate position, without shaking the confi-
dence of Europe. Taken as a whole, his
policy was pure and honest. If he has made
war in Italy, it was only because the other
powers were not willing to engage their own
responsibility. As soon as it was possible to
arrive at the definite result, he concluded the
peace desired by the world. Since 1815 France
has been forced to follow the role imposed upon
her by the treaties of Vienna. Another spirit
now reigns, and the political system of 1815 has
been subverted. by Europe herself. This system
was the result of a violent transition which by
two great convulsions entirely. disturbed the
European equilibrium. Since then it has been
the great interest of Europe that a general recon-
ciliation should be effected between the different
powers, and that France should, by common con-
sent, reassume the position which belonged to her
in the Council of the Powers. She no longer
threatens, nor is threatened. Her work is achieved,
and the mission of the new empire is accomplished-
The military rule of France is at an end. It
affords me great happiness to be conscientiously
able to say that an era of peace and prosperity is.
now opening for Europe.

THE FRENCH FUNDS.

PARIS, Tuesday, 3 30 p.m.

The Bourse has been flat and very dull. RenteS
closed at 68, being 15 cents lower than yesterday.

ITALY.

ROME (via Marseilles), Aug. 25.

The Papal Government has sent reinforcements'
to the garrison of Benevento. These reinforce-
ments crossed the Neapolitan territory without
arms, according to existing treaties. They were
insulted, driven out of Benevento, and were
finally obliged to return. The Governor of Bene-
vento has taken military measures of precaution
at the fortress. General Lamoriciere has sent
military column to watch the Tuscan frontier.
A political manifestation took place at Ci vita
Vecchia on the occasion of the obsequies of
Allbrandi, Chief of the Revolutionary Committee.
Several arrests were made. Monseigneur Merode
has refused to permit the departure of the volun-
teers under Cathelinau, and the latter has left
Rome.

NAPLES.

NAPLES, Aug. 25,

The insurrection at Potenza has not beer'
opposed, and the dictatorship of Garibaldi haw
been proclaimed there.
Several Neapolitan journals have published an
appeal to the population to rise in insurrection.

The Minister of War and General Bosco have
left Naples for the theatre of war with six batta-,,
lions as reinforcements, having learned through
the telegraph that the defence of Reggio was
lukewarmly conducted by
.the generals in com
mand.

Fifty Sardinian bersaglieri having disem-
barked at Naples from Sardinian war steamers,
a desperate combat ensued between them and
the Royal Guard. The bersaglieri finally
re-embarked.

NAPLES (via Marseilles), August 25.
Two days ago Baron Brenier demanded of the'
Neapolitan Government the , satisfactioh due to
him on account of the assault committed on his
person. Baron Brenier pointed out that the best
means of doing an act of justice, and of showing
him courtesy, would be to proceed immediately tv
the liquidation of the indemnity due to tie
French subjects who had suffered through the
bombardment of Palermo by the Neapolitans, and
to appoint a special ambassador to Paris, with
the mission of making fitting apologies for the'
affront offered to France on his person. Nego-
tiations to that effect are still being carried.
on, and it is not yet known whether Baron'
Brenier will remain here.
Several Sardinian bersaglieri were killed, ftral

others wonnled, in the conflict with the -Nea-
politan guardsmen. The Marquis de Villamarina
declared that the Neapolitans were the aggres-
sors, and demanded immediate satisfaction. No
reply has yet been given by the Neapolitan
Government.

Disturbances at Naples may be considered im-
minent. Appeals to the people to rise in revolt
are publicly distributed. A revolutionary move-
ment in Salerno is also announced as being im-
minent.

The Pro-Dictator at Potenza has furnished
arms to 10,000 inhabitants of the province of

Basilicata.

The Minister Martino has officially announced
to the Diplomatic Corps the defection of two bat-
talions of the Neapolitan army at Reggio, and
the surrender, at discretion, of the fort. The
Minister is said to have added to his communica-
tion, "As regards -the proportion of our forces,
We were formerly three against one, but now we
are one against three."

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, August 28.

The programme of the minority of the twenty-
one members of the committee of the Reichsrath
is said to originate without Count Hartig, and
to be a kind of compromise between the views of
the Government and the wishes of the Hungarians.
In order to arrive at an immediate solution, Count
Hartig proposes to confine the constitutional re-
forms within the limits indicated by the Imperial
patent decreeing the creation of the Enlarged
Council of the Empire, and recognising the prin-
ciple of the autonomy of the provinces. Accord-
ing to the above-mentioned programme, the
Reichsrath would preserve its present powers for
the regulation of the general affairs of the
Empire, and its privileges would successively
become more extended. Every province would
settle its local affairs by means of Provincial
Diets ; the privileges. of these latter would com-
prehend the right of making laws and of
exercising a deliberative vote .on all questions
of provincial administration. Concerning the
general affairs of the Empire, the Provincial Diets
would have the right of petition and the liberty
of bringing complaints against the Ministers
before the Emperor. Should the Emperor find
these complaints to be justified, the Ministers
Would be brought to trial before a tribunal, to be
chosen by the Provincial Diets themselves. The
Emperor would exercise the right of veto upon
an decisions emanating from the Provincial Diets,
in the event of their being considered prejudicial
to the general welfare of the Empire ; but the
exercise of the veto would always be explained
and justified by a special Imperial patent. In
order to complete the autonomy of the Provinces,
the programme of the minority of the committee
Proposes the establishment of independent muni-
cipal institutions.

TRIESTE, Aug. 28r.
In Case Garibaldi should attempt a disembarka-
tion on the Austrian littoral, the Archduke Fer-
dinand Maximilian, as commander-in-chief of the
Austrian. navy, would assume the personal and
direct command of the naval forces destined to
repel the attack.

GAZETTE NEWS.
THE ARMY.--Major-General the Hon. Sir J.
Yorke Scarlett to be colonel sth Dragoon Guards,
vice Major-General the Earl of Cardigan; Major-
General the Earl of Cardigan, from the sth Dra-
goon Guards, to be colonel 11th Light Dragoons,
vice General Sir Henry -Wyndham, deceased.
The undermentioned dates have been fixed for
the examination of candidates for direct can-
iissions in the army, viz.-29th October, 1860,
and 28th January, 1861.

A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon
at Lord Palmerston's official residence.
It is officially stated that Mr. Cobden's engage-
ments at Paris will not be completed till October.
The official return of exports during the month
of July shows an increase of upwards of
£1,000,000 over the same month last year;
the respective figures being, £11,285,000 and
£12,522,000. But for the seven months of the
Present year the increase is less than a quarter
°I a million, namely, £74,542,000, against
4;74,288,000 last year.

The following appeared in our later editions of
Yesterday :
THE BRITISH EXPEDITION TO CHINA.
The correspondent of the Times does not anti-
cipate that, after the blowing up of the Taku
forts, and with those at Ticn-Tsin, the Chinese
will risk a battle in the plain before Pekin.
The next China mail is expected to bring
intelligence of the operations of the allied forces
on the Peiho, and the telegram in anticipation
may be expected about the 10th or 12th of Sep-
tember. It is almost certain, however, that the
military authorities, on the occurrence of any
important events, will despateli a fast clipper
steamer to. Calcutta, whence news may be tele-
graphed to Bombay in time for the approaching
homeward mail. In the latter case the telegram
Will be due in London about ;the 2nd or 3rd, or
ziore than a week earlier than the regular China