The Press.
London, England, 1853-10-29 00:00:00

;flit I .;) vs•og+

LONDON, SATURDAY, oCTOBER 29,1853•

POSTSCRIPT.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.
(From our Brussels Correspondent.)
I HAVE from a goal sour►•e that the►e will positively
be no new Russian manifesto. It mad• he that Count
Nesselrode will have endeavoured to explain the
conduct of his imperial muster In a circular despatch
In the Russian embassies abroad.
Letters f►om St. Petersburg state that Prince
/iortschak►dt' has fallen in disgrace, and will be re-
placed in his command of the Russian army of occu-
pation in the principalities.
On October 17 the Sultan reviewed at Constanti-
nople 211,1100 men, which were to leave next day for
the army at lirserouni.
An official declaration of nentralitt from Austria in
the conflict between Russia and Turkey is shortly
expected to be published.

A Tt.t.Eoittrinc 1/Esrarcit published in yesterday's
Moniteter, and dated Bucharest the 25111 inMt., states
that two Russian steamers, with eight gun-boats,
forced the passage of the Danube the 23rd, and en-
countered a smart tire from the Turkish fort of Isact-
cha, situate on the right bank of the river, between
Rein and Ismail. The Russians had a lientenant•
colonel, three ofileers, and twelve sailors killed, and
about fifty wounded. They pretend to have set
the fort of lsaeteha on fire.

ARVII`Eh FltoM MOLDAVIA Matti that fresh Russian
troops are still pouring in and marching to the Danube.
THE town of Jaggy has a garritom of HMO Miamian
troops.
PRECAUTIONARY MEARURES pace been taken to
prevent the entrance of Polish travellers into the
principalities.
THZ AUSTRIAN GOVERNMENT, having aseertaineJ
that the cholera had broken out at .lassy, has ex
tended the term of quarantine for travellers from
the Danubian principalities.
IT is reported that at the desire of the Empress
of the Erench a general amnesty will he granted to
the press on the eceasion of her fete.
mi Aoconno to the C G ologne azette, the Emperor
Napoleon will certainly visit England should hi.stili
ties actually break out in Turkey, in order to favour
the entente cordial:, which exists between the two
weateru powers, and prow to the t. tar that his
attempts at aggression can have no chance of sue
ream in the presence of so intimate an union among
the great maritime nations of Europe.
A Ruxorn is said to be current in well informeil
quarters to the effect that the recent lisit of the
King of Belgium to this country is not unconnected
with the wish that a note may be drawn np sn‘cepti-
ble of signature by both Turkey 4111(1 Russia, and
consequently calculated to settle the question which
now threatens so imminently to disturb the peace of
Europe.
SOME NEW AND 1114'11 " ThOOTWCA at J011e1f4.4 Flat.
in Australia, were accidentally discovered by the
wheel of a bullock •waggon haying turned up large
nuggets iu the rut.

THE PRESS.

HIGH PRICES.
TO THE EDITOR Or "nit; ritEss."

Dear Sir,—The United States Treasury is reported
to be in a very dangerously-plethoric condition.
11,11(NX101. more than they know what to do with
weighs down the spirits of their public men 1 have
read somewhere that a free-trade tariff is recom-
mended to that enlightened tuition as the most
likely plan for emptying their exchequer, and reliev-
ing them of that uncomfortable surplus which pro-
tective duties have burdened them with. is this advice
given sincerely, or is it the voice of au enemy urging
our simple cousins to a suicidal course ? In %itium
ducit culpa• toga si caret arte.
There has just been published an authentic account
of the trade of France, showing a general increase
for the year ending :tuth June, 10543, as compared
with the year ending :10th June, 1552, of about 12
per cent. Iler t ludic with the highly-protected Mates
of North America has increased by 3,540,000/.;
whilst with free Britain the advance has only been
2,7200100/.!
In the Times the other day a gentleman was stated
to have expresked some satisfaction with the present
high price of corn, and he was fiercely found fault
with. In the same paper a report was given of the
great satisfaction which sonic Free-traders in Devon-
shire had expressed with the present high prices,
which they seemed to attribute to the new system.
Were these last correct in their opinions and amiable
in their sentiments, or were both wrong in supposing
that free trade has led to very free consumption of
stocks, resulting in alarm at the prospects of any
stoppage in the supplies from Russia and the Princi-
palities, which last year sent us 2,015,000 quarters of
grain ; or are they all equally philanthropic in their
rejoicings, now that the wolf has come ?

I sin, dear sir,
A WOULD-DE CONSISTENT FREE •TIUbER.

A MEETING IS to be held at the 111ansion-house on
Monday, the 1 th of November, the object of which is
to raise a subscription for the erection of a statue to
l'rinee Albert, as a national tribute of respect to his
Royal Highness for having suggested and organised
the Great Exhibition of 1851.

THE late residence of the Duke of Buckingham in
Pall-mall has been la to the 'arlton Club for I,soo/.
till Midsummer, D 455. The tenancy of Bnekingliam-
house by the club will eoutinue during the alterations
which are to be made in their own building.
IT is stated that the vacancy on the Scotch Bench,
caused by the death of Lord Anderson, will be filled
by Mr. Inglis, the Dean of Faculty.
Tnr. EARL AM) CoesrEss or ElAilN, since their
arrival from Canada, have been on a tour of visits ill
Scotland. It is doubtful whether the noble earl wiU
resume the government of our American colonies.
A New Ent's. Ilmoor for City traffic is in prospect.
Extreme inconvenience is sustained daily en account
of the crowded state of London bridge and its ap-
proaches; and it is evident that another bridge is
required for the purpose of conveying the enormous
traffic of the City to the Surrey side of the water.
Southwark-bridge, if free, would take off more than
one-third of the traffic, and would be one of the
greatest possible reliefs to the metropolis. The
bridge cost between 700,000/. and HISi,OOO/., and the
proprietor; now offer to sell it for :1110,000/, The
Court of Common Couneil has resolved to ascertain
by professional inquiry as to the strength and dura-
bility of the bridge, with a view to its purchase.
Tut: Monirlivron or 'rill: SCirrtil PREsIIYTERY
having asked that a fast day might be appointed by
royal authority, as it national humiliation, "on acetffint
of the visitati of the cholera," Lord Palmerston
replies that a national fast would not be suitable to
the circumstances of the present moment. The
Home Secretary says :
" The Maker of the Universe has established certain laws
of nature Mr the planet in which we live, awl the weal or
woe of mnnl,iud depends upon the observance or the
neglect of those laws. One of those laws connects health
with the absence of those gaseous exhalations which pm.
eyed from overcrowded human beings, or from decomposed
substances. whether animal or vegetable; and these same
laws render sickness the almost inevitable consequence of
exposure to those noxious influences. lint it has at the
same time pleased Providence to place it within the poser
of man to make such arrangements as will prevent or dis-
perse such exhidations so as to render them harmless;
and it is the duty of man to attend to those laws of nature,
and to exert the faculties which Providence has thus given
I.; man Ca. his own welfare."

This reidy has occasioned much remark, and has
been termed " unchristian" by the rev. members of
the Presbytery.
Tut: perpetrator of the late murder at 1%. hitechapel,
Mohlis the cooper, was tried at. the )hl Bailey on
Thursday. The circumstances under which the
crime was committed, and the recovery of the crinti-
nal from the wounds he inflicted upon himself after
cutting the throat of his wife, have very recently ap-
peared in the reports of the police investigations. A
verdict of Guilty was returned, and seuteuce of death
pronounced against the culprit.

SATURDAY,

TAUNTON BOROUGH REGISTRATION.—The result of
the revision of the list of voters for this borough proves
a considerable gain to the Conservative party, and
leaves them in a position to return two members at
the next election, the Liberal party, with the whole
strength of the Right Hun. Henry Labouchere's in.
terest, private as well as public, together with the
grossest intimidation, being sufficient only to elect
Sir John Ramsdeu with a majority of 5.
The present revision, alter giving every doubtful man
to the so-called liberals, leaves a clear majority of
114 for the l'onservatives—viz., 44 electors who voted

at the last election are now off the register, of whom
Is voted for 31r. ltadcoek, Conservative ; and '26
for Sir John Ramsdell, Liberal.
Conservatit c gain
There are 74 new electors now on the register, 4 of
whom ale Conservatives—of the remainder, 6 are
_ _

Itrubtful 1. give tla Librials all these, the Con
bervative gain will be lO

Total Conservative gain l+l
YESTERDAY WEEK, MR. BLIZARD, the proprietor of
the Bricklayers' Arms, Eagle-street, Red Lion-square,
committed suicide under distressing circumstances.
His wile had lately eloped with a sheriff's officer in
Mr. tiloman's employ. The deceased went in search
of his faithless spouse, whom he traced to a house in
Oxford-street, where she met her paramour with her
trunks and apparel, and thence they drove ow toge-
ther in a cab ; but whither they fled remains a secret.
Next day be was found hanging by a piece of rope
from the bed-post. Deceased was 30, and his wife,
who is only 24, possessed, it is said, in her own
right, an income of 1101. per annum. Her paramour
is described as a tall, well-looking man, about 40
years of age.
As AIiscONDED DELINQUENT from Liverpool has
been captured in Australia. His name is Quinn,
and he absconded in July, 1852, with about 1,3001.,
the property of the Messrs. Train and Co., in whose
establishment he was as collector. He states that
he made 5,000/. in Melbourne, as a general mer-
chant ; but was taken away so suddenly that he has
been forced to leave it behind him. When arrested
he hail only :301. and a gold watch.
A MAN NAMED WILLI %Mb has been stopping at an hotel
in Cincinnati who might justly be styled a "wild man."
He eats nothing that is cooked, nor chinks anything but
water. His meats, potatoes, and all his vegetables, cab-
bages, turnips, tte., are raw. He alleges that he has not
eaten any cooked food for several years, and that any de•
viation from his present mode of living would most
probably cause his death. He resides in lows. and was
on his way to Washington, to make a purchase of some
United States !Mil.

FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE.
Tuesday, October 25.

DANKREPTS.-4osupu Mairrunws, Little Waltham and
Great Waltham, Essex, grocer---TirouAs PYX, Manor-street,
Chelsea, sawyer—Joan DAwsion, Tolleshunt D'Arcy, Essex..
surgeon—CHARLES Su 1; run Mourns, late of Soham, Cambridge.
iromtionger—HnNitv BRAUN, Old k'ish.street-hill, importer
Of foreign glass—Guonon Gtt.tAxu, New-street, Covent-garden,
boot salestuan--lismaut: lintoutrr, Birmingham, licensed sic.
toaller—STurits.N CRt'rr.. Liverpool, slater—Wx. Baton, Matt-
el-water, stuff inerchant.--IiuNJAMIN Nu X XINOTON DODD, 1111B4011•
le.l tole, Florham, grocer.
14COTCII SEQUESTRATIONS.—J. TurunPuinD, Otsego,/
boounaker—A. CILICUTON, Edinburgh, priutseller.
Fci.hty, 0.1 2S.

BAN Klterl'CY ANNULLED..-W. Trowoon, Thaw,
ford Idie, linendraper.
BANK RUPTS.—BROWIE LANGFORD, Portal's. brewer—.
FREDEItILK FREEMAN Collo, Dover, grocer—C. WRIOIII,ON,
II igli-mtmet, Marylehone, tea-dealer—Armen RYDER RORER-
linssell.street, Bermondsey, WitlllatilpltY-40bEFH CDR-
DETI', Bina( coi4l-1114•11•11altt—WILLIAM MENDY, New-read,
St. dairylitaal--CHARLES GARDNER CREINIVI6LL, Kid-
derminster, la., Manchester, canvas-dealer—.T.
tire-noir REY( OFORD, Stow% Staffordshire, shoemaker—W.
Moult, Manchester, btutUmerehant.

A SIN GEOIWE LINLLY, the composer, has had
a narrow escape from the late shipwreck of the
Dalhousie. He had fixed on that vessel to take his
passage for Sydney, but his mother, having taken a
prejudice to the ship, urged him so fervently to give
up his desire of going in her that, at the last moment
only, he consented. She visited the Dalhousie three
times with her son, hoping to overcome her super-
stitious feelings. On the occasion of her last visit
a gentleman signing papers in the cabin, seeing her
hesitation, said," Madam, this is a first-rate ship, I
have 10,(1007. on hoard, and rest. assured I must
think well of the Dalhousie before I would trust
so much in her." Much more he argued to per-
suade her; but Mrs. ',inky left, and immediately
went to the Samarang, anti there secured a berth for
her son.
Aceot,Nrs from the camp of the Persian army state that
the audacity of the thei‘es shows that there exists no
system poliee t•r. sword of the commander.
in-chief had been earrie,l away from under his pillow. It
was a present from the shah, and was richly mounted with
diamonds. One of the ministers had his inkstand, seals,
and handkerchief taken out of his hand while sleeping,
and another chief, high in Lave. had the gold buttons of
his uniform cut off; and the Prime Minister, who was
dozing in the afteinoon in a chair in his tent, next to that
of the Shah, had his sold spectacles taken oft his nose.

OCTOBER 29,1853.

Xittraturt.

LAW!' WORDS OF Silt. C. NAPIER.
Wert*. Ord and Military, of the Indian (:areal •
suit. By Lieutenant• General Sir Charles
James Napier, G.C.B. Edited by Lieuten
ant-General Sir W. F. P. Napier, K.C.B.
London: 'Westerton.

THE title of this book indicates its contents.
It is not a manual of Oriental war, such as no
man could have better drawn up than Sir
Charles Napier—not a pamphlet dealing with
questions of the future, nor a consecutive
history of the past—but an exposure of defects
—a narrative of quarrel and controversy—
a posthumous vindication of the author by
himself, in which he deals round censure with
a lavish hand, not sparing his late superior,
Lord Dalhousie, and intermixing statements
of facts with expressions of characteristic
contempt for civilian authority. Whether it
was well to publish such 11 book after the
writer's death may be questioned ; for to reeri
initiate on a dead opponent is impossible ; and
thus those whom he attacks arc injured with-
out redress. But the blame of this rests not
with Sir Charles Napier: he wrote intending
to put forth his defence in his own lifetime;
and thus, and notatt a posthumous memoir, it

should be dealt with.
It is no secret that the selection for supreme
military command in Dcltl of the Seindian
conqueror was a measure forced on the Di-
rectors by public opinion, not voluntaiily
adopted them. Between the electors and
their nominee there prevailed from the first
an unfriendly feeling, which soon ripened into
aversion. An attempt was made to exclude
the new commander-in chief from a seat in
the Supreme Council. This was met by a
threat of resignation ; and the design was
abandoned. But the quarrel thus early com-
menced was only one of many. The Company
delighted to thwart the commander whom it.
had been morally coerced into appointing.
In anticipation of a protracted Punjaub war,
to carry oft which a thorough knowledge of
the rivers which intersected that country was
required, Lieutenant Wood, the discoverer
of the sources of the Oxus, was recommended
by the general for an appointment. The no-
mination was cancelled by the East India
Company, and this notwithstanding the re-
monstrances of the Duke of Wellington. Thus
thwarted, and with no pleasing anticipations
of the future before him, Sir Charles Napier
left England (March, '411), and in IWty-three
days from his departure assumed eommand
of the armies of India. Arrived at Simla,
says the general,
my first interview with Lord Dalhousie tended to con.
finn my suspicions that secret hostility was also at work in
India. In ten minutes he told me in substance' nay, the
words were, " that in letters front Englitnd he had been
warned against my endeavouring to encroach upon his
power, anal had answered, he would hake damned good aura
/ should sd." This was said in a half•laughing manner,
but the impression made by the letters was evident,
although a little reflection might have convinced him that
no 1111 l tanderin-thief could desire to increase his
own labour by usurping the powers of the Governor-
linters].
It must of course be borne in mind that this
is an crporte statement, and the statement of
one somewhat unfortunately intolerant of
contradiction or adverse judgment. It is,
moreover, evident that the words here re-
peated must have been used rather in jest
Vial% earnest ; fur no statesman—we might
almost say no gentleman—would receive a
newly-arrived colleague, against whom he had
no ground of tittatiTel, and who was destined to
share with him a grave responsibility, with
expressions of needless and insulting defiance.
Yet Lord Dalhousie's warmest admirers—and
he has many such—have always ascribed to
him an undue jealousy of power, and some-
thing of a despotic temperament. Be the
facts as they may, two things are certain—
first, that all persons acquainted with the cha-
racters of the two men thus brought into
contact predicted a speedy collision; next,
that such collision actually did occur.
The occasion was furnished on this wise.
On the annexation of the l'unj3tttb, the troops
occupying that territory which had previvubly

THE PRESS.

been receiving extra pay. as 011144101 on
foreign service. were reduced to the ordinary
allowance of the Indian army within the
frontier. Discontent ensued, annotating to
smothered mutiny ; and it was uncertain how
far this spirit might spread. In the l'unjattb
matters were critical. The Sikh army was
disbanded and broken. but not entshord. Its
chiefs were living and free : the troops had
mearcely had time (even were they so inclined
to find pettetrable employ, and loitered idly
about the country : a strong war party still
existed among the natives : the remembrance
of Chillittnwallaip wits as fresh as that of lion-
jerat. In this crisis,
on the 'Vali of February, retuming from reshawur.
intelligence reached the troll Ihr 44ith Nat n. likfaistry had
retired the reduced pay, and openly mit Uni U .41! Thus the
smouldering insuborolinat is on sum ong twenty 4 • battalioons,
which at Hawaii l'indee and Wuzieeraload had mooluced
sparks, was here kindled tall.'
The (tilt t were in 4 koovinslghttr.t hi strongest fortress ill the
l'imjaub, close to I•noritzvr, the hole rite nt. the Sikhs.
Thrre were HO EltrOpciins their illhecr, in the riacc,
which the mutineers had attempted to twits% It WI Inua
ha% e been It decisive blow ; 101' is t 1111117c1 er smut. •
diafely around it ktojoinmed the majority of the
tinily, so recently fought with at t Wham% allah and
(1. pojerilt—•lllell who had put u. bo MIMI, ill lit..
action. ! They were imposed still to be tifty thousand
strong, and known to be sullen, thirsting for vengeance,
abiding events !
How was the hatress saved ?
Lieutenant-Colonel Bradford, an excellent officer of the
Bengal .Henry. returning to the old provinces, with the Ist
Natite Cat 311'y. hild
was on the liatildle of the itilth when their shout of mutiny
arose. Seeing the danger he hastily rejoined his it..... and
led Bain dismounted tosaards the gate ; whet-1.144m the
guard, hearing the tramp of his approaching Insole., ran
with great tuuwlt to dose the IllitlihtVe portals, say nig the
cavalry should not cuter. 'Hair European officer remote
strafed, was disregarded, and improperly abandoned his
post to make a report. At that moment Captain Mel bonds],
a man of a different character, arrived, and rushed sword
in
11.110 ulsm the mutineers : they shrunk fnoni the sweep of
his weapon, and he, grasping the almost closed gate, drew
it hack just as Bradford came up with his Wen. 'flans the
place With saved!
Hoot the Stpoys classed the gate, their European officer%
must have made a &operate effort to recover the romrtnaud
anti been massacred; sir, seeing the futility of fowls an
attempt, remained prisoners. news
would have spread all over the great city of l'isiritzer with
unbounded exaggerations; from thence through the
life
frict called Manga,nototionsly disall'veletl, and the first hie
pulse of the disbanded Khalsa soldienk would have been to
rise in anus!
The Hoverter-General, little aware of what
was passing, had gone on at sea voyage for
health. The question to be decided won one
purely military. The commander-in-chief
ranked next to the supremo authority. Ile
had to net on his own judgment—and he did
so act. To have referred, even to Calcutta,
and to have received a reply, would have been
At matter of two mouths. Sir Charles. without
hesitation, disbanded the mutinous regiment,
and filled tip its place with an irregular
Goorka force, who thus acquired the privileges
and pay (long since promised them) of troops
of the line. The object of this step was two-
fold : first, to control the insubordinate spirit
already on several occasions displayed, by
vigorous yet bloodless measurers ; secondly
(and herein lay the peculiar tiniest( of the
remedy to the disease), to strike at blow at the
power of the high-caste ltnthmius, whose
spiritual authority, resting on prestige of birth
and sanctity, conflicted with that of the officers.
Ilse of these men had gone so far as to say to
his European superior, " If you disband us,
you shall get no more recruits ; we, the lin&
rains, will keep the Hindoos from enlisting."
It became thus important to slues, practically,
that, in the event of such refusal, their place
could be filled by another race less atnenable
to superstitious influences, and therefore retire
under discipline. Looking at the urgency of
the danger—at the possible results of mutiny
at that time and place—and at the success
which followed Sir C. Napices experiment
it seems impossible to deny hint the credit of
having averted a great public peril by the ac-
ceptance of an unusual responsibility. let,
for this act, and another of far less moment,
essentially temporary in its chararter, he was
severely reprimanded by Lord Dalhousie 1.
Making all allowance for the fact that the
latter has not made public his side of the
question, we cannot but concur in the general
belief that personal dislike dictated at rebuke
which, under the circumstances, was booth
humiliating and unjust. With this brief no-
tice wu tau fruut thu ptrtoual part of Sir

(15

Charles's work. which e►antains also. t.h►►ugh
incidentally. and. M• th►► way. valuable. 'mg -
gestions on many points ►►f civil and military

_
policy.
Indian officials. in whose eves the mainte
mince of their limo-mai dignity by outward
state and parade is a mom. voi nos. would do
well to profit by the following remarks. We
add only, that to our knowledge Sir Charles
practised what he preached : often and often
might a subaltern, passing through his camp,
have seen the 4'011111101141e1 of 3011,000 men

seated under a hill•tent which barely atiordeil
space to stand upright, and eartying on his
vaibt correspondence, or making hip, simple
meal, with nu other table than the lid of a

cleat. In tsittlt, he saimet imes exaggerated.
even ti' eyineism, the simplicity of living
%%licit he atlected,—it filllll, yet sbn the right
sitle, for tilts 11101'e notice Wits *lnflicted, mints+
those nho copied his soldier-like habits stopped
short sal the point of exaggeration :--
Pairing toy military tour, the lomat si,t. tif
111111 l NUS 'I 111
according in 1'014.114'1 Itullion, lute
1.0111111issill".lit.1144111, Nils eighty .'r 'tinily eliThants. thivo
or four hundred I'4llllOS. 111101 n.,niy ns I.llthisloi,
will
MI their tit 11.1141111114 ; lorgisles 11111' I IPA and thitty.two
tent•piteliers, tiny inch tissiiloyesi to carry
glans doors for ills' 141%11 . 'Hiatt NHS by tile to
thirty eleplinstiK, three I Iced mud thirt•lottr
twit 111111111141 111141 Ittonh Is,. hill pitchers, realianig a poli-
tic sating of 7:111i. o month while in camp.
canvas 1011000% 111 S. Intl ilt•il.smary (Or it general and his
htitti making it military tom% e‘ en auppoming thew wits
troth ill the fit% 41111 lit' idea 14 Wier " old bediallit that
pa amp.hues produce re.pect among the Indian people.
hit there is no mith in thst. iodine 11141i\a. loughs at
anti lune, the iiimilestee which tumidly accompanies the
sat tititiions fallacy : Ind hints ore not caught with
chair, though sonic IMAM iu India are! 'llea
ir4ivet of the former is paid to our rtillobtry oiremyth ; in
secret the) deride die itsit'lliNlinin sir telop4,,iwy sothmily.
The real sovereign prince.; and high aristocracy of holies
prowl of their lineage or self erested real power, hold the
ephemeral grandeur of the Itritish in contempt and aver.
; hitt they respect our troops front fear—we heat
them ! Wherefore. tieing I M44114'1'111101 IWO, I prince, I
travelled as a !withal, NMI not It prince. '1•1w Indians
respect intuit also, ti gh they tlo not always speak it ; and
I was to isible that it' their n.speet 1.01111( not be ebtainest
without a lord mospar's pageant tt would not 1w Mt with
I relied on a good horst. tinier use, a good sword by
Illy side, all" pleitty 111 gond troops. Thew are what the
Indians really venerate,twestams they know that India must
be held as it was won.
Of the state of the European soldiery. and
the neglect of their eomforts, Rightful tale is
told. In the (lolitis' barracks of Bombay, Sir
Charles " walked through the mett's sleeping-
" rooms on planks laid in water covering the
" floors." Bengal, he says, " the barracks
" are very bad ; but more pernicious still is
" the number Of men crammed into them."
One Dllllll4llllll cubic feet per 1111111 is the Mini-
mum of space allowable ; yet this is seldom
given. In many barraeks 4041 feet only were
allowed. The result is that
the saddlers rise at. night feverish, or In profuse pet--
spina' ,to sleep amt on the groom" amidst damp eshals•
t lndian night air in the out I Its is ablogersims
to all who asleep exposed; last to slat so when heated by an
overcomileil is sleuth? grains' may eiwalw, air
Merely hise !Width ; hut In escape is Mr the vile
is Jodie!
Aware. of this danger, vrterans endure, lying winks* and
tniseriible till the down einnes, and a jilt it the blitzing Mill
or 110118 11 Wretelivil sleepless night to prepare for a hurn•
ing dray owl unhappy they go to their duties,
seeknag by iinaba4 to sustain Isalv aid mind against slyer•
whit g heoinails• tool hew s! irits, and thin artiAcial Plt•
411m,•+ then, tlaosigh the slay. Ititt again the
night of lell,ery returns, the drain does its daily deadly
work, soil liver and brats Iberian's. nada .(I, fever supet•
veers, awl the 1 sinks under bodily auffetiug and
leopelc-mictis 411
Want of air brings plisepupe--ilisease, drunken-
ness—drunkenness, death ! To remedy this
mischief there is but one way. Since, under
the pressure of ally emergency, it may Oa ays
happen land probably will) that the space al
lotted Ittaizpintally to each tilchlier, if large.
will be trenched upon, the remissly is to give
the area required in it t•ertical direction, whirl'
etli.ctually prevents overcrowding. sinee the
beds cannot be put one above the other. The
example practically set by Sir Charles in this
respect has been followed since his retirement.
Another of his proposals is more objection.
able. He recommends, and while in India at-
tempted, the messing tppgether of large hmlies
sir troops, whereby they might be accustomed
to stet in convert, and might by emulation en-
courage one another. Two obstacles to this
iiyatem exiitt; either, in his own judgment,

616

sufficient to condemn it It is among idle
soldiers, thus concentrated, that discontents
spring up most readily and spread most widely.
(2.) The discipline of an army depends in no
small degree on the cultivation of a friendly
intercourse between officers and men ; and this
intercourse is naturally greatest where no Eu-
ropean society can be obtained ; least where
the young captain Or lieutenant finds a daily
resource iu the company of his countrymen
and brother officers.
There aro some characteristic reniarks on
dress, of which take the fallowing for sam-
ple :
Even before the men whn invented hanging, the
guillotine, the garotte, and embroidered collars to the dress.
coats of general (dicers, he who invented stocks and
clasps for British soldiers should hu ranked fur venomous
imagination in tormenting his fellow•-rrentures. Thu tirbt
three are comparatively Illumine. and inclodo a provision
for life ; the embroidered collar is but a temporary pillory,
like the legs of Shawl's old eu ; but the toddler's hard
leather stock and clasp it; daily a bar to all enjoyment,
productive of apoplexy in the Indian sun, and a great jut.
pediment in marching. It prevents the free use of the
musket in battle ; and when taking to the bayonet, if the
stock be nut thrown away, the man is half strangled before
*losing in mortal strife.
Nearly one hundred pages are occupied with
comments on points of practical military
detail— dress, equipments, horses, artillery,
musketry, and the like. But more general
interest attaches to our autho►'s comments
on the trans-Indus policy that unhappy
frontier being, and always likely to be, in a
chronic Fit ate of disturb)) nee, scarcely repressed
by 12,000 bayonets and sabres. Sir Charles
frankly avows his belief that the mountain
tribes of the Deraiat, with an unlimited range
of friendly country, inaccessible to ors, in their
rear, cannot he subdued. Ile advises, there-
fore, negotiation, the payment of subsidies
(in plain English, black mail), employment of
the chiefs as police within their own territory,
reduction of the salt tax, and a display of
military force at such points as Peshawur in
preference to harassing and unfruitful exile
ditions into the mountain country

The Napieritut hatred of politienbs is well
known, and fur its intensity, reasonable or un-
reasonable, duo allowanco should ho made ;
yet in the ensuing paragraph there is truth
and sense:—
- •

A commander is thux (i.e., by the power vested in
pulitieni agents of oaring advice unaxkotl, viol plowing it
ou record) untieeessouily howled with responsibility, vchirh
may comtnkto and olistraet his attention from the rencrill
arrangements with which ilia mind toxeinsivoe
occupied. The, who Oporto utthaltenix con n level midi
him forget that he ran ask tin it advice if he requires it
lout when opontativously and authoritatively given, if not
adopted, it throow. upon him a very onerous and mis-
chievoux necessity of explaining hip pintos to subordinates
over Wholll he ha. no control. And ills°, to superiors who
have a control over hem, and not chary of using their
power! In the tradta tronsantionts demanding the ealmeia
thought, io-ereey, deeiPflit, nrol Frrnnrea, he firole h•oo. elf a
member of a debating tamely, ogi.eo•Ping his men meaourep!
it is thus eampaimis arc lost and arnoicA destroyed.
ft is thins the military charaeters of e,oninixiid,•e, nre
ruined. Richly they deserve disgrace, however, for their
weakness.

We want spare for a more detailed notice of
this work. which reflects with singular faith-
fulness the merits and faults of its remarkable
author. The time is not come when n full
character of Sir Charles Napier can be writ-
ten ; for, unlike Wellington, whose career had
become historical in his own lifetime, the
Indian general's last acts were his greatest ;
and dentin has not et cooled the enthusiasm
of his friends, or appeased the vehemence of
enmity and envy. In ono respect it must be
conceded that his character fell below the
highest type. Conscious of great deserts, he
claimed Ina due with an energy which some-
times seemed to overstep the limits of mo-
desty ; intolerant of adverse opinion, he
showed himself unduly sensitive to small
slights; he suffered his trumpet to lie blown
somewhat too loudly by friends and relatives ;
and exacted a 11011111geWilitil.ifunsought,wouid
have been all the more willingly paid The
despatches of Wellington, sent of from day to
day, have the calmness of history; the nnrra-
five of Napier, dating three yeam after the
events with which it deals, betrays the resent-
ments of the moment. No ilttreatment. no
aspersions. would have extorted from the
" iron Duke" written words of angry cow
plaint ; while his rival loved to wage war with
the pen as well as the sword, But these