The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1880-06-01 00:00:00

Intlv

TIM TOKIO, FLY,
There is not • farmer in all E .glsnd who, at the preenit.
Is not dreading tho attacks of that pest, the turnip fir.
If he will only drill in a Duval quentiiy of pnat charcoal
along with his turnip or snangel seed he will And thst the
young plant rushes up'' quickly into the broad leaf. that
the insect has not time in COJIHU t. If the crop be
already „wn ins hies give • sprinkling of the charcoal
(ebb the ordinary seed drill) over the sprouting
lines, aud it will equally prevont the insect front siting
the young leaf. Experiences of the past fours years hey*
verified tee,e facts. and I think them so important that
they should be known.—A.U.E., in Apriesilturel Gasate.
SaLlt OF FAT LAMM
The rea.ons for selling off lambs as lat, and for. hasten-
big on others into early-matured mutton, are weals ir now
than they were • year sga. In the first place, wool Iq6o
or es per cent dearer then it was at that ume, and this in
itself lee strong inducement against the selling off of very
and, in the second, it is beyond a proba-
bility thtt sheep of all age,' •f sound, will 1, tch very
high priors as stores In the c,dning autumn. The disease
of liver rot in sheep, contrary to that of pleuro-pneu-
monia in cattle, is not. we believe, communicated from
parent to offspring before parturition or after it, end it
follows that the Lambe of the present spring, even though
they may come of aff.ct 3d ewes, are presumably sound to
begin with, and so are good stock to go on with. The
object will be to keep them sound on all such land as may
have a tendency to make them °thereby ; this done, a
substantial profit is morally certain of being thee. quid.
And another object will be to fatten off all older sheep
within • reasonable time. e heater or not they may be
euppected of being unsound, and to begin again with new
Jas which contain as large • pr portion as possible
young and unsuspected blood.—Yrom the Lies Stock
Journal..

WORK FOR THE WEEK.
incase! OLIWILN.
The last sowing of 0.1111n....11 for late autumn use
should now be made. The plants from this rioeing, if
planted on sheltered borders, lest well up to Christolas •
but if frost is severe lift them slier the heads are thellse
of • teacup, and lay them in frames or pits. The Imit
sowing of late peas should also now be made, though in
werm soils and situations sowing may be made during the
enable them to withstand drought. Runner beaus may
yet be sown ; the earliest sown being staked before they are
sfitiaaa.krifitktahiaosataelaissforetaaalad:agtvra•O:canalliiidkges.rottawwaiidhth,tamhaaruttelch,tyhiniaLbeatuaer.meetond
much advanced In strewth, employ ing strong stakes if .
pr curable, and mulch with short stable litter or rasa so
.as to maintatu • uniform moisture. Similar remarks
apply to French or dwarf kidney beans. Supply early
cauliflowers with liquid manure, and mulch with partially
decayed manure. Plant out cauliflowers, Brussels sprouts,
savoys, and early or winter heeling broccoli from the MA/
sowing. Spriest and late broccoli as well SA the principal
etch of green vegetables should be pricked out on • spare
larder, so as to be strong in readiness for planting atter
early peas- Continue to plant out celery as fast as plants
are real, doing so preferably in single rows, affording a
plentiful supply of well-decomposed manure dug-in in •
moist state, leaving about lour inches of soil on the
surface. Prick out the plant. from the later sowing. in
rich moil, keeping them shaded until established, and the
soil always moist. So singe of spiosch, radishes, and
lettuces suould be made at lortnightly intervals, avoiding
transplanting the latter, thinning early, and supplying
water abundantly in dry weather. Turnips also should be
sown at similar intervals on a north border. Mustard and
creel will require to be sown nit less than once • week, so
as to have a supply always on hand. A first sowing of
Saurian and curled endives may now be made Onions,
parsnips, carrots, and other root crops have made very
little progress during the dry and cold weather, but should
be attended to in thinning. Supply globe artichokes with
water or liquid manure in dry weather, and do not allow
the plants to suffer by drought. To lessen the necessity
for water and maintain more uniform moisture in the soil,
mulch with about three inches thickness of partially
decayed manure. Basil, sweet marjoram, and summer
savory will do on von in sheltered borders in rows about
15 inches asunder. C apocums require to be planted at the
base of a south aspect in single rows • foot apart, and •
similar distance from the wall. Except in the south they
require to be grown under slam. For vegetable marrows
and ridge cucumbers choose asheltered situation but fully
exposed to the sun, the ground being well manured. If
hued-lights can be afforded for a short time It will be an
advantage. Plant out tomatoes against walls, and in
favouraide situations they may be planted in the open in
rows, training them with singe stems, staking, and not
stopping until four or five trusses of fruit have set, when
all al tergrowth should be kept well in hand so as to
advance the fruit as rapidly as possible and secure its
early maturity. Similar remarks applying to those planted
' against walls, dc.. keeping them well supplied with water
In dry weather, and mulched with manure. Well ventilate
pita containing late crops of French beans, keeping them
and carrots also abundantly supplied with water. Straw-
birries will now, except the bite varieties, be sufficiently
advanced in fruit t , admit of trussing-up the choice of
those varieties required for table. Tue trusses may be
supported by forked sticks thrust into the ground 11.1 as to
lit the footatalk of the truss just below the fruit, or sticks.
about 18 inches long firmly placed in the ground at inter-
vals round the plants, shout four to each; and round the
tip, or at such height as may be neoessiiry, run twine,
winding the strand , uce round each stick and gathering
up the trusses with one hand, so that when completed the
fruit is suspended over the twine; then if large fruit be
required the imperfect and small fruits should be removed.
FRUIT 0110WEIG
Ilea receive I but little attention in this country, If, how.
ever, the apple, pear, and plum trees are in the future
made to take the place of the oik, the ash, and the elm, it
must be more profitable to the farmer. The cultivation of
fruit in the future will no doubt receive • much larger
amount of notice than it has ever done previously ; straw-
berries for instance, as grown in the Salisbury district,
with which most of our members are familiar, the growth
of which is extending greatly in various parts of the king-
dom, hundreds of acres being grown in Parthahire and
other parts of Scotlaud, the crop making from .CSO to £lOO
per acre. In South Haute this crop is extenumg every
year, and was about the oely one, except weeds, which
Thupiwteo:::irirsisizi::...thno,,mt
succeeded well last year. There need be no limit to the
production of this or other kinds of fruit, in consequence
of the demand for the making of jam, factories fur this pur-
pose are now established in various parts of the kingdom,
and more will arise with an increase of the produce of
fruit. Strawberries like • rather strong gravelly soil, but,
when sheltered from the southwest winds, will continue
in full lowing from six to tee years according to the
, culture, the manure applied, aM the distance apart at
' which the plaots are set. (rest encouragement exists at
preseut for • larger acreage of land being set Out for the
growth of fruit, for not only can apple and pear trees be
grown for the purpose of making cider and perry, but also
plum tress, with bush fruit, sorb as gooseberry and
currant under them, also numberries, for all of these
furnish fruit for the manufactories of Am in Lend..
Liverpool, Manchester. Qlasgow, and other loge towns, for
it is known that some of theme manufactotiee make 15 tons
of preserves daily, and it is calculated that at least 400 ton
are made daily throughout the fruit season, including all
perte of the kingdom. The Board of trade returns show
that the raw fruit imported into this country in 1876
amounted to 9,52.7711
HOW To SILLL MUM 551 X rioDucs.
We must now consider how the vegetable products and
other items of farm produce are to he sold to the hest
advantage. The middle men and small shopkeeplrs in
towns now have the advantage over the farmer or market-
gardener, and fraquently make as much out of selling
cotee a the articles as the grower obtains upon delivery.
We must, therefore, in the future, establish farmers'
stores or c eoperative storrs in all towns at which the
occupiers of lend can vend ;heir produce of every kind at
the best price, and at which they can also purchase
everything they require in conducting their business at
the lowest price and of the best quality. At all events,
farmers will have in the future to adopt the most rigid
economy in all the details of their business, especially by
the employment of labour-saving mathlnery. ' it must,
however, be expected that the labour Mil will be increased
under certain etteratioos of management, but the returns
and value of Produce will be immensely increased also.
And this brings us into contact with the labour question,
which is a great social question, which, if we cannot
control, we must endeavour to utilise. When we consider
' the higher wages paid in the northern counties, It raises
an idea whether the rate of wages given in the southern
end eastern counties will ever command the services of
the best men, for we hear great complaints of the quality
of work done in the latter-name counties, but hear of
little or none in the former. In the future we may dig-
cover that it is in censequenue of the low wages paid, with
but little piecework, that induces the best men to emi-
grate into other districts, or go in the towns for employ-
ment The market garden farmer will always have an
advantage over the pure market gardener, because he can
always consume any portion of his produce by the stock
on the farm, which cannot be told to advantage, whereas
the market gardener accepts the price offered for his
article, whether high or low. The farmer will also always
derive • certain advantage in the growth of cereals as •
succeeding crop to vegetable. The rant, rates, tithe&
ie., will always be in favour of the farmer, compared
with the market gardener. Gantlemen who have no
desire to encounter the duties of daily directing the 'Fork
of market-garden farming will find plenty of intelligent
and industrious gardeners ready to serve tl,- eta as
managers. Other farmer. may feel it e pleasure, as well
as to their interest to superintend all beattert connected
wiai fanning in all its brauelyea, for which in the future
nd
:carpt.", cutting
pasture..
de frosty:,:hiuothteraiilyilliyitsitwxainbewcanaoiredt.:76"tchaasotordbedyp
tez:nrr,them
they will have their reward—Mr. Blundell at Begley.
ed
111161LX.
nights, long hours daily of bright sunshine have se
warmed the well-drained soil that a wholesome develop-
ment of vegetation has taken place, and both our wheat
and goring crop. are looking all we could desire. The
continued dry weather has permitted • thorough medlar
twifi(iwitaandthblafisfar
The long absence of rain has been • blessing for our heavy
clover have done well; but I fancy the latter now has
become thirsty; still my experience is that "rout meat
Is better than boiled" for sheep stock, and that dry food
di3t:pkrwoaniulgeorliooseturybesnioyirmalber.::',3arnedrtirifsstrPitywvaPsoitinumuetedgycir.!:nri:banekenarryta—u:::.
dpallewdilass'ithzifthiprytesceyhwrowigtryti,yli.hrdeoueallwisrthivrsdide.P"dnliolngtanf Pleasanttmedatb4ol:.
outlook is agreeable' may it.coitnhti,niuue
meo,,fowraramgo:kteimtaa
c*divominspandg TZwlwanuaithtedi.nth.ery'llnou.: Peae:erillodollaurt elmtwee.
. We find the covered and enclosed yards Answer admirably
so rapidly unshorn and exposed to the oold winds and
frost'. We draft so many per week on sale by auction
our local markgta, which spares much haggling on
at
mediate profit This custom is • healt ra and
blast."
einQxalmerangecncekelwptitsbthni
ttsthare theree sntewojawiarobempli:gg h,
w bitceeinlsiunseatinhi [fit,
bail::
Increasedtal.it'
ThPeidn:wewPseideo,trdhwedlirtlim:hwhaiaenhawi as
hitl"Pththeir44,lathliotat hvit he.a :ewalireaff;°"; ci:tlieuilfnsairldj; akxah9Ji:ungjitirl'eisan: me-
M-11:15.1.--tle*
nearly unsaleable; but those in fresh condition sell fairly
well, and stock sheep are keeping well up. We hear that
there are serious cases of rot round us, but surely the
worst of that is nearly past. Judging from what is UM
case in the South-west of England. we think there Is
little danger of sheep being affected in the spring, Nese
Dorchester sheep are fed on water meadows in the early
spring, and do well- but should they be put on the same
land, after a crop a hay is taken. they 4re sure in almost
any year to have rot. And it is said mat many years ago
it was a custom with some to put their old ewes as, these
meadows in the autumn—as they always do well for •
time—and then sell them outwit& where the, wornstisnes
caused great loss: but this led to POrehasers requiring •
warranty that they were free from rot, and so the practice
came to in end—a. &