The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1868-12-15 00:00:00

CorreopOribtritt.

HISTORY OF THE LICENSING SYSTEM.
To the Editor.
-

fidt.—From the recent declared**. of Mr. Gladstone
of tb licensing
the
system
gp.rinjoilnoshweigtinnumemillßdgbetbeist.doneoebn.vlideE:re the
ryblititqlyntial:dbuisitsild.orreidtbv.e..ipis"wionenvidriirmilmtip:64,bit:,
to
Before the reign of ftenry vs of
a remedial character, let nn reliqtvi:eors.wthe:Apothhoaritginoc.il tor7becir
history of the 110.1151Dg system.
believe, was ths sole dispeceer of ardent 'pleas; and as
alcohol is a poison, it is right that its sale should be
pegutoted as strictly its the side of opium or arsenic.
Judged by its effects, alcohol is the deadliest of poisons,
for tens of thousands of halmn beings are by its UM and
abase destroyed annually, the majority a whom are
Maims of a d Imam belid, or custom, and a legalised
eregem of temptation, for which the State and those
who :nal,e the laws are responsible. Home the Im-
portance of examining this question in Its legislative
aspect.
For nearly a thousand year. the laws of England have
endeavoured to curb this traffic. As early as tbe reign
of Edgar (A..D. 959) it was enacted that no village
should contain more than one alehouse. A cations
precaution was taken against drunkenness. Merieuring
pees were fired in tbe drinking cups, and no one wss to
drink more than the moderate draught of liquor
eanmdayitbeselare tyhaliedguebto
abeTn the
prtialatLentsww:biwtnbrdsallgtoeri:us. evaded
ehedtmohneil:eautiodlpefsuPa: disgracesalWw theEl ociameCoi alliegaebmate
During the middle ages the sale of liquor wee not
greatly restricted. Brewers were allowed to retail their
ale—litter it had been inspected—(a precaution required
Nell more in these days of adulteratioo); and the sale
was prohibited after curfew—eight o'clock. If modern
tippling shops were closed at that hour, there would not
be half as much drunkenness.
In the reigned' Henry VII, is order to check inebriety,
a surety wee required from all sellers for their good
behaviour. This was the beginning of the fitment
licensing system. It was already appareot that the from
mile and general consumption of fermeated liquors
was dangerous to the commoo weal • for In
the words of a trustworthy chronicler (Hov;aden) the
laud was "filled with tipplers," and the alehouses bad
become "nursed.. of Intemperance."
Filty yews later (1562) an attempt was made to lessen
these evils by requiting • licence for the ode of ale ; no
person being permitted to open a drinking hum without
the consent of the justices. This celebrated Act
(5 and A Edward VI.) bad tor its preamble these sugges-
tive words :—" Foreunech as intolerable hurts and
troubles to the commonwealth of this realm cloth daily
grow and incomes through such albums and disorders as
are had and used in common alehouses called tippling
houses," he.; and ju.tices were empowered "to remove,
antihero*, and put away common selling of ale and beer
in the said common alehouses and tippling houses in
soch town or towns and places, where they shall
think most meet and ctovenient."
In the following year another AM was raised to avoid
seer.. of wises," by limiting the number of inns in
the larger towns. The lacrosse of taverns and the evil
practices of their frequenters, were maimed as the
reasons for prohibiting the retail sale of wine, 'except
under magisterial licence. This Ad recited that not
more than two wine licences should be granted in any
town, with the exception of London and about 2() other
places. Queen Elizabeth's Government acted with
commendable vigour, and Modred' of alehouses were
clotted. Lord Keeper Puerta), charged the judges to
ascertain "how maay alehouses the justices of the mom
had pulled down, so that the good justices might be re-
warded, and the evil remove"
In 1597 (39 end 40 Elisabeth) the justices were directed
by Parliament to diminish the number of malteters,
and to preveot, sooording to their discretion, the eon'
eroding of barley into malt. Files were also imposed
upon disorderly houses.
In the reign of James I, Acts were pared to
"restrain the inordinate haunting and tippling in inns,"
and for preventing the " odiose and loathsome sin of
drunkenness." It is on record that a member of Par-
liament stated that the peopled Beth, who desired
that the inns of that city might be limited to six,
complained that fourteen (Abets bad been thrust upon
them.
I reserve for a future letter the history of licences
from Charles I to Victoria, and remark, in conclusion,
that the more and more (request enactment of laws to
regulate the liquor traffic is proof of its inhereotly
dangerous character, and presumptive evidence of the
necessity and wisdom, of the permissive prohibitory bid
proposed by the United Kingdom Alliance),
HENRY PITMAN.

Id snohester,

THE proclamation of religion freedom In Spain boa
brought to light what was not previously suspeeteul, the
existence in that country of • considerable leaven i f
Protestantism, and the circulation thins, through secret
channels, of a Protestant paper printed in London in
the Spanish language,

lintairsinso ExPiatittarr.—Plete on the upper bar
of a grate, with the beads projecting about one inch
inwards, some ordinary Lueders—in a few momenta
they ignite. Then in the same poultice plus a few of
the Psteol Safety Matches of Bryant and May, London
(which ignite only on the boo), and it will be found
that they may remain for hours- in fad, until the wood
becomes literally charred- without taking fire. We
look on this •• • singularly interestieg confirmation of
the safety of the new match. Care must be teken in
both cases to avoid actual tiontact with flame.
THE CLAIMS OF WOMEN. -On Thursday Mt Mae
Rosily Faithfull addressed an adduce at the Hanover
Square Rooms on the claims of women. The lady
claimed for her sec a fairer climes than they now
possessed of earning • livelihood; proper legal rights;
greater educational advantages; and the suffrage. It
was not her wish that women should perform asea's
work, but that they should be encouraged to do that for
which they were physically and mantally espable. Al
present they bad not that fair orportanity which was
their undoubted right. Out of the sic millions of
women in this country, two and • half millions were
unmarried; and it wu absolutely essential to the well-
being of society that, where the disproportion between
the WIN was so large, the weakest should have the
widest possible Said to retain the mous of supporting
themselves.

THE Marnitaroll Or WATCH= AID CLOcira —A
most interesting and instructive little work, describing
briefly, but with great *learners, the rise and progress
of watch and clock making, has just been published be
Mr. J. W. Benson, of A Old Bundatreet, 99, West.
bourne-grove, and the City Steam Factory, 58 and GO,
Ludgete.bill. The book, white is profuse) illustrated,
give. a fell description of the various kin& of watches
and cloaks, with their prima, and no one ebould make a
purchase without visiting the above establishments or
consulting this truly valuable work. By its aid persons
residing in any part of the United Kingdom, India, or
the Colonies, are mabled to select for themselves the
watch best adapted for their use, and have it sent to
them with perfect welety. Mr. Benson, who holds the
appointment to the Prince of Wale., sends this pamphlet
to any address on receipt of two poetess stamps, and we
cannot too strongly recommend it to the notice of the
Intending purchaser.
TES LaMar KiTcau IN THI WOM.D.- In
former days the kitchen of the London Reform Club,
where dinners are prepared in the sea son for some 400
to 500 gentleman on an evening, was considered • sort
of eight, and the kitchen establishments of other
fi London hubs and hotels may be equally
worth looking at. But every kitchen in the world,
existing now and having existed before disappear. In
magnitude if compared to Liebig's Extract of Meat
Company's Establishment at Fray Beetos, on the River
Uruguay, South America. The Buenos Ayres Standard,
of 3rd September last, gives the following wheelers
The now factory is • building that coven about 20 000
square feet, and is roofed in iron and glow • we first
eater • large hall flamed with the best Scotch flags,
Luxullter Ann BneurtraL HAIL —Yrs.& A. Allen's kept lark, cool, extremely clean, where the meat is
World's Hair Restorer or Dressing falls to quickly wi4hed, passed through apertures to the meat cutting
restore gray or faded hair to its youthful colour and We coins to the beefautting hall, pa
beauty, and with the first application a beautiful also with Scotch flags, spurious, airy, and well lighted.
fragrance is given to the hair. It stops the hair from Here are Icier powerful meat out*" sposietlip downwed
falling off; it prevents Widow.: it promotes luxuriant by the Company's General Manager, Mr. Ghent; each
growth; it causes the hair to grow thick and strong; machine can cut the meet of NS bullock. per hour,
it removes all dandruff; it contains neither oil nor dye. The meat hem cut is passed to " digeratens" medal
In large bottle., price six shillings. Zylobalsamern wrought iron, each one holds about 12.0001 W. of bee;
(Mrs. S. A. Allen's) br excels any pomade or hair oil, there are nine of these digarators. end three thew he.
To those whose hair is naturally dry, requiring frequent yet to be put op. Here the meat is dieerated by high
drooling, its cheapness and great value will be proved. pressure Meant of 75Iba. per Wawa Ina 'true. algae
Its early use on tallithim's hair will insure an abundant liquM white contains the extract and the fat or the
and bountiful supply from youth to oti ale. In Large most proceeds in tubes to • tome of " fat eaparithee of
bottles, price three shillings. Sold by most chemists peculiar construction. Here the fat is separatedia the
and perfumers. Depot., 266, High Holborn, Loathe. hot state from the extract, as no time can be pet for
cool operations, otherwise dosompositiou would at la in
ADVICI To Ifornme.—Are you broken of your rest a eay mort tame. We proceed downstairs to an
bya sick child, suffering with the pain of cutting teeth? ;moss. hail, 601 t. high, whore the fat seperstors ere
Go at once to a chetahs, and get a bottle of Mrs. working, below them is • range of five out iroadarifiers,
Winalow's Soothing Syrup. It will relieve the poor 1,000 gallons each, worked by high posers steam
sufferer immediately • it is perfectly harmless; it through Halhat's tube system. Each olariar is pro.
produce. natural quiet:sleep, by relieving the child from wised by a very ingenious steam tap; in thenionstrous
pain, and the little cherub awakes 'as bright as a climates the albumen and florin* end phosphate
button." It has been long in use in America, and ie magnesia ere separated. From hence the 'quid extract
highly recommended by medical man ;it is very pleasant I. tuned by means of sirissmw, driven bytwo 30-horse
to take; it soothes the child; it softens the gums, power mews up to two wren about Wiest above the
alloys all pain, relieved wind, r•folates the bowels, and clarifier.; from thews the liquid rune to he other large
is the best known remedy for dysentry and diarrheas, evaporator.. Now we amend the etairow resales the
whether arising from teething or other Muses. B• sure hail, where two immense sets of four lament apparati
and ask for Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup, and me are at work, evaporating the =Maes by a yeti kw
that "Curtis and Perkins, New York end London," is tempenture, here the liquid woes several filtering
on tbe outside wrapper. No mother should be without ppm. Were being eupesesee In moms.. We now
it. Sold by all medicine dealers at Is. lid. per bottle, ascend some steps and eater the tady making hall,
London Depot, 205, High Holborn. *operated by a wire game wall, and all windows, dome,
ho., guarded by the same to *aside fbes and dust.
. Boanntrul Til2l3llll"•—The Civil Here Maio We notice the apneas Sea% Kea The
Service Gamete has the following :—" Then an, very few vesuanitilattmao:
ana. Hit, sibismaintainedto pes.a five paled and
making
d the place
simple articles of food which can boast so many valuable
and Important dietery..Freert_L" as,"4"",_,Wh, ki„e tsting,_, pens, constructed of steel plates Oa • system A steel
on the atom as • gentle stimulant, provides the body di... involving in the liquid „nig a calm,. swim.
with some of the purest elements of nutrition, and at r7,4,7,:i invested by the Company's
the same time corrects and invigorates the action of the cia'aai „....„„ by medium diass,
digestive organs. These beneficial effects depend in • 100 In each an aia these
In ovra' minute more mist
great measure upon the manner of it. preparatioa, e come square eet ampaintmg strum. Hire son.
but a/ late years such close attention has been given to "'
eludes the manufacturing proems, the carnet I. now
the growth and treatment of cocoa that there is no
difficulty in securing it with every useful quality fully withdrawn in large MAI deposited for the
following &IF Amendinu • few stoPs we sneer the
developed. The murder rumens which Mr. Epps gairring. iag pm:lkm( hall, where two large
attained by his homolopathia preparation of cocoa hes
never been surpassed by any experimentelist. Far and "4-bniiiiimaitailnpaithiaarihepetlac:44 ter9viandtbees tanwithks tbehotexwtrantrt
wide the reputation of Epps'e woos has spread by the is throws in quantities of 10,0011bn at ases, and hem is
aimple force of its own extraordinary merits. Medical &madams and male a bons mass and of sal-
mon of all shade. of opinion have agreed in recommending gorm amity. Now simples are taken sad carefullyasalieed
It as the Watt and most beneficial article of diet for aa the ammie of ta establishment. Dr. 8•01m0=
persons of weak constitutions. This superiority of a "t4pimeitisee of Baron LIAM, used
particular mode of preparation over all others is a car. plasma and technical oPerattwee are Pere_„
remarkthle proof of the great results to be obtained the witeemed Us the afternoon the Oleaniipli the
from little causes. By a thorough knowledge of the atihismaist, eaten woks hied oornsra tornado pour'
natural leers which govern the operations of digeirtioa in fps „,n sties—ln an instant the whale Owe was
and nutrition, and by • careful application of the fine "Ziiiieg the mug washlng down isto kris dulling
properties of welleeleeted cocoa, tic. Epps has provided that of irk& and miaine. Into the river,
our breakfast tables with • deliostely flavoured elessainees being we of the eladnatioste in every
'beverage which may save us many heavy demean' bills &palmist is -iime splendid fastory. It should be
is by the judicious use of such articles of diet that mentioned that the Company's Welber kills at the Tete
" constitution may be gredually built up until et= hi a small doable
of 80 oxen per hoer,
enough to resist every tendency to disease. Hue edged bode the vertebra:sr= esedheeno the wheel
of imbtk maladies are floating around VW reedy to drops dos, matistmetsiely ea • wegmos, and is con-
! Mask wherever there is a weak point We may &wad eo aplass where 150 men are ossaltild
I ageare many • fatal shaft hfiaohde•f_i °v_______,_°"mm° the moth far the fastary, anteing each on Wein Pim/
well fortified with a pure ••• • Fern, 400 ace bobs worked pet dad.
modeled harm.

HORSIMAS k Co, London, disallow t e usual but
most objectionable practice of clouring kw with
plumbsgo, Pruesian blue, or say other hurtful "facing"
powder. As their imports consist only of young leave.
-choice and strong—they are delicious in savour and
truly cheap; reel judges of tea have but to make • trial
to bowels cent-tans purchasers. The extensive demand
for Horniman's Pure Tea, has induced some to imitate
their packets, hence the public are eautiooed to observe
that the signature of Horniman and 00., Loudon,
'Original Importers of the Pure Tear' on all the
Packet'; 2,538 gents are appointed. agents are
advertised in our column'.