The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1880-10-09 00:00:00

Disteltanerms

HOME, FOREIGN, AND COLONIAL.

A LINK WITH THE PAST. —A venerable dame who
had attained her twenty-first year when the French
Revolution broke out has just breathed her last in
Glonitz, in Germany. Judith Linger's certificate of
birth bears the date of the 11th of June, 1768, and she
is said to have reached flra patriarchal age of one
hundred and twelve years without losing any of her
faculties or suffering from any infirmity excepting a
certain loss of strength in her limbs, which, however,
did not prevent her from taking walking exercise until
a few days before her death. Of the fifteen children
she brought into the world during her married life,
only three survive her, and the grief she experienced
last year on losing her eldest daughter, who had
reached the ripe age of eighty-four, is
.thought to have
hastened the old lady's end. On he annteareary of
her hundred and twelfth year, which coineitied with
the fiftieth anniversary of the Emperor of Germany's
marriage, Judith Linger wrote with her own hand a
congratulatory letter to his Majesty, to which the
Sovereign replied himself, enclosing with his reply a
bank note of a hundred marks. The Imperial auto-
graph the aged lady treasured with care, but the money
she made over to a charitable institution, being herself
in easy circumstances.

ONE OF DR. JOHaON'S JOKES.—A correspondent
in Notes and Queries writes :—" Johnson himself was
fond of enlivening the 'dull work" of dictionary
making ' with an occasional joke. Of course he may
have been quite serious when he described oats as
'food ,for horses in England and men in Scotland
still he thought it well to modify that and the defini-
tion of several other words in his revised edition. But
however serious he may have been concerning those
words, we are quite sure the learned doctor was
having a nice little joke when, in the abridged octavo
edition of 1754 i, he thus defined alias :--` A Latin
word, signifying otherwise; as Mallet alias Malloch,
that is otherwise Malloch.' Considering Mr. Malloch
was anxious to be known as Mallet, and Mallet only,
this was decidedly 6, joke at his expense."
WHEEL on WoA.—Countryman (to perspiring bicy-
clist) :—" Carn't ride 'un up a 'ill? Tips up wen she
coom to a stwan ? Whoy, I'd sooner 'a,ve this 'ere
dunkey, sir."—Bicyclist : Well, but you see this
thing requires no food, no stabling, no bedding, and
no grooming. Only a little oil now and then"—
Countryman: "No food, no stablun', no beddun', no
groomun' ! No more do this 'ere dunkey, sir; and 'e
nivver gits no ile."—Judy.
THE LATEST INVENTION.—One of the latest Ameri-
can sensations is that of a young gentleman of New
York who claims to have invented an apparatus for
walking on the water. He exhibited his invention in
public. He uses floats—air-vessels made in zinc and
hermetically sealed—weighing about eight pounds
each., five feet long and ten inches broad, with vertical
sides tapering off at the toe and heel, like the stem of
a boat. On the upper surface is a socket, shoe-shaped,
into which the foot is inserted; to the bottom of each
is fitted a double set of paddles, three feet apart ; each
frame has five blades. As the skate is pushed for-
ward the blades open and offer no resistance, but when
one foot rests in order that the forward motion may
be begun with the other, the pressure backwards re-
sists the blades, and gives a purchase on the water
which furnishes the motive-power.

VERDICT OF "FOUND DROWNED."—on Monday the
Portsmouth coroner held an inquest on the body of
Stephen Standage, twenty years of age, formerly an
assistant master in St. Matthew's National School, at
Gosport. On the evening of the Bth of September the
deceased and a Miss Wallace, a young woman to
whom he was engaged, hired a boat at Stokes Bay for
the purpose of going out for a sail. A person named
Bowie, of the Royal Navy, on leave, was sent out
with them to manage the boat, and it was stated that
he was perfectly competent for the duty, and had been
similarly employed for eight weeks. The tide was
'running out, and there was no wind till about nine
that evening. The party were watched by the
man from whom they had obtained the boat till
they had got about half a mile from the shore,
and nothing was observed to create alarm. The party,
however, never returned, and next day the boat was
found Oar Ryde Pier by the Prince Consort, steam
packet, bottom upwards, with all sails set and
fastened. No trace of its unfortunate occupants was
discovered until Saturday last, when the body of the
deceased was picked up not far from the Spit Fort by
the master of the steam tug Robin Hood, and was
brought to Portsmouth. Owing to decomposition the
deceased could not be recognised by his features, but
a scarf ring given to him by Mr. Mackett, the master
of the school, and other articles, were identified.—The
jury returned a verdict of "Found drOwned."—The
bodies of Miss Wallace and the boatman had not
been recovered.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF FRENCH COMMERCE.—The
French Custom-house authorities have just issued their
statement for the first eight months of the current
year. The most striking feature is the excess of im-
ports, over exports, which amount to no .less than
1,098 millions. This is to be explained partly by the
bad harvest of last 'year, which obliged France to
import bread-stuffs to the value of 1,346 millions, the
average figure ranging between eight and nine mil-
lions, and partly by the ravages of the phylloxera,
which considerably diminished the export of wines.
Of manufactured goods, on the other hand, France
has exported 1,180 millions' worth, and imported only
292 millions'. Another remarkable feature, which
marks the steady development of French commerce
and wealth, is that every item in the accounts shows
a rise when compared with the corresponding figures
of last year.
PARADISE,' FOR "JERUSALEM PONIES."—Donk'-ass
ter.—Funny Folks.

A LOFTY IDEA OF COOKERY.—What does "cookery"
mean? It means the knowledge of Mede<and of
Circe, and of Calypso, and of Helen, and of Rebekah,
and of the Queen of Sheba. It means knowledge of
all herbs, and fruits and balms, and spices, and of all
that is healing and' sweet in fields and groves, and
savoury in meal; it means carefulness and inventive-
ness, and watchfulness and willingness, and readiness
of appliances; it means the economy of your great
grandmothers, and the science of modern chemists;
It means much tasting and no wasting; it means Eng-
lish thoroughness and' French art, and Arabian hos-
pitality; and it means, in fine, that you are to be per-
fectly and always "ladies," " loaf-givers ;" and as you
are to see, imperatively, that everybody has something
pretty to put on—so you are to see, yet more impera-
tively, that everybody has something nice to eat.—
Air, Ruskin,.
WiVNIV2) TO KNOW. -Whether a chimney sweep
likes hi 3 trade because it soots him ?—Whether making
dlothes for a new baby can be said to he "working
for bare life? "—Whether a thorn in the bush is not
worth two in the hand ?—Whether grace before meat
can be said to be a dinner service ?—And last, but not
leastly, Whether any more wholly unparalleled penny-
worth has ever been offered to a confiding British
Public than "Ally Sloper''i Comic Kalendar for 1881 ?"
—Judy.

10ati

TEE GALLANT 66TH.—The Times of Iltdia of Septem-
ber 18 says The official report of the Maiwand
engagement has not yet been received, but now that
the facilities for sending news from Candahar are
better, the particulars of the disaster are comihg in
by degrees. Among so much that is unpleasant there
are here and there scraps, the perusal of which gives
satisfaction to those who still believe in the courage of
the British soldier. Here is one supplied by the Press
Commissioner :--` An account given by one of Arob's
officers who was present at the action of MalsvD3l4
represents that a stand was made by a remnant of the
641 th Regiment round the colours in an enclosure near
the field. The informant estimates their number at:
about 100, and states that they were surrounded by
the whole army, and that when all but eleven were
killed, these made a desperate charge, and perished,
fightinebravely` to the 44 mall,"

AI. "ENERGETIC POLICY rrGREEtE.—The special
correspondent of the Daily News in Athens telegraphs
that the Parliamentary leaders of the Greek Opposi-
tion have decided to support the national armaments
and an energetic policy in the present crisis. Public
feeling becomes warmer every day. There are alicady
40,000 men under arms, and recruits flock in rapidly.
The correspondent says that there can be no serious
resistance in Thasaly, where the-immense majority of
the people desire union with Greece, but if the Sultan
is allowed to use his feet and call the Moslem popula-
tion to arms there may be much trouble and blood-
shed.

BREAD AND POTATOES.—The Graphic remarks:
"Not only is the wheat harvest in England a good
four million quarters better than it was last rear, but
the potato crop is a decidedly good one, despite a cer-
tain amOunt of disease. The consumption of potatoes
is alwaysiarge whenever prices allow of its being so,
because the poor think much more of potatoes than of
bread. The beggar tells you he has had nothing but
a 'hard crust,' and considers this a fair bid for relief;
but he would never dream of alleging a `solitapy dish
of potatoes' as a reason for alms. The English people
are fairly clever with their cookery of the potato,
which is generally eaten hot, is always cooked and ap-
pears, even at the poorest tables, in quite a variety of
forms. But bread they haw no way of dealing with.
The ingenious bakery of the French, the appetising
excelence of bread in Spain, the macaroni and vermi-
celli of the Italian; all these are unknown to the
English poor, who connect bread with hard fare, and
never eat it when they can get anything else. Potatoes
are now offered at £2 a ton against £8 a ton for
wheat."

RABBITS IN AIISTRALIA.—The devastation caused
by rabbits in Australia yearly becomes more serious,
and the Melbourne Argus draws a melancholy picture
of the damage done in Victoria. It mentions one
head station which has been totally deserted, the
lessee having been obliged to give up trying to raise
crops on account of the pests. The large brick house
Is completely undermined by the rabbits, the fine fruit
garden is a wilderness, and there is not enough grass
left to keep h cow. The man in charge is obliged to
buy meat and horse feed, and several of his small flock
of goats have died from eating poisoned food intended
for the rabbits. Formerly the run carried over 30,000
sheep, and now the stock consists of five goats and one
horse, while all the buildings are tumbling down from
disuse. The district would speedily recover if it ob-
tained rest for three or four years; but as long as the
rabbits are about it will not get that rest.
MARRIAGE WITH A DECEASED WIFE'S SISTER.—The
following is the text of the Bill for legalizing marriage
with a deceased wife's sister which, by a majority of
32 to 13, passed its final stage in the Parliament of
New Zealand on the 12th of August last :—" Every
marriage between any person and his deceased wife's
sister which has heretofore been, or shall heieafter be,
contracted and solemnized before any minister of re-
ligion or registrar dilly authorised to solemnize mar-
riages, shall be deemed to have been and be valid and
binding; and the issue born, or hereafter to be
born of such marriages, shall be deemed to
have been and to be born in lafful wedlock: pro-
vided that this Act shall not render valid any such
marriage in any case where either of the parties
of such marriage shall thereafter before the pass-
ing of this Act have lawfully intermarried with any
other person, nor shall the passing of this Act deprive,
or be held to have deprived, any person of any pro-
perty which such peson may have lawfully inherited
prior to the coming ffito operation of this Act, °reflect
Itllr its pendens."
FOOD STORES IN MINES.—The Daily News publishes
the following suggestion :—Sir,--The terrible calamity
at Seaham seems to render it imperative that some
measures should be taken for providing food stores in
various and sufficiently numerous parts of coal mines.
Tinned meats would seem to afford a ready means of
ensuring a sufficient supply of nourishment for en-
tombed miners. True, such resources would be use-
less in the immediate presence of vitiated air, but
they would sensibly lessen the dangers to which the
miner is exposed, and might possibly have been the
means of saving the lives of the poor men who, sur-
viving the explosion were, as their own brief records so
touchingly show, cut of from external help, and
called upon afterwards to lace death in one of its most
appalling forms. Food stores in mines would appear to
be as obvious a necessity as in the somewhat -kindred
case of desolate regions, where from time to time suc-
cessive travellers leave supplies for those who follow
them.—l am, sir, yours obediently, J. TAYLOR.—
Bexton, Sept. 29.
INCREASED TRADE WITH AMERICA.—Dr. Webster,
the American Consul at Sheffield, has just completed
the commercial returns, which show a vast improve-
ment in the condition of Sheffield trade with the
United States. The total exports of Sheffield goods
to America in the present year amount to £1,066,411
compared with £559,733 in the previous year, so the
trans-Atlantic trade has nearly doubled since Septexa-
ber, 1879. The detaandjor steel, and especially for
cutlery, in the States has been unusually heavy. The
total amOunt of steel exported for the quarter ending
September, 1880, is £101,423, compared with £53,550
in the corresponding period of last year, and the ex-
ports of cutlery in the present quarter £74,104, com-
pared with £51,504 in the same 'quarter last year. The
steel exports for the year to the States amounted to
£883,889, and cutlery to £238,605, whilst the total
exports to America for the past twelve months are
within £300,000 of the amount sent in the prosperous
period of 1874.

MILITARY PRISONERS.—In his report on military
prisons for 1879, Colonel Sir Edmund F. Du Cane
gives the following figures to afford an idea of the
number of military ptisoners in the United Kingdon
for whom accommodation has to be provided. In 1877
the strength of the army in the United Kingdom was
about 97,000 non-commissioned officers and men, of
whom 72,000 were in England, and its normal strength
may be taken at about that number. The numbers
at the beginning of November, 1879, were
England: In military prisons, 146; in local prisons,
1,126; in Millbank, 580—total, 1,852. In Ireland:
In military prisons, 233; in local prisons, 64—total,
297. In Scotland: In military prisons, 62; in local
prisons, 65—total, 127. During the year 2,091 men
were discharged from the army for bad character.
A BISHOP ON NONCONFORMITY.—The Bishop of
Manchester, in a sermon which he preached at
Swinton on Saturday e vening, said he almost thought
that if he had been brought up a Nonconformist he
should be ready to recognise the conspicuous merits of
the Church of England and become an exponent of
her religious faith. The Thirty-nine Articles were
the basis upon which the Church built her worship,
but no man was bound to subscribe to them in all their
minutize, though they contained little that any man
calling himself. a Christian would wish to deny. He
took courage from what had just occurred at the Church
Congress at Leicester that the various Christian
bodies would unite more closely.

PR/NCE BISMARCK AND THE • WORKING CLASSES.—
The Berlin correspondent of the Daily News says that
by Imperial order the Federal Council will be called
together on the 20th inst. to diseuss the new plans with
which Prince Bismarck has been lately employed at
Friederiohsruhe. Under the title of the improvement
of the condition of the working classes, the idea is
really, as you mentioned in an article a few days back,
to place the working classes under the direct and com-
plete control of the State. The workmen have no
means by which they can ventilate the question and
give their ideas on the subject ; therefore must
naturally submit, whether it be for their benefit or
not. That the Bundesrath will accept the Chancellor's
proposals is certain, although the free towns—Ham-
burg, Bremen, &c.—which know that their days are
numbered, and therefore are in their death struggle,
are determined to oppose Prince Bismarck in his so-
called Reform bills. It is stated that the Chancellor
will not return to Berlin until the commencement of
next year.
A RARE STAG.-Mr. Horatio Ross, the veteran
sportsman, writing from NVyvis to Messrs. Snowie,
Inverness, describes a rare stag shot by him the other
day, and the head of which he has sent on to stuff.
Mr. Ross says :—"When I tell you that I never before
saw a similar stag dead, you will see that it must be
rare specimen. It is a 'hummelled stag.' I have
frequently in this great forest seen hummelled stags'
—that is, full-grown stags without horns. I once shot
a stag of that description at Invermark. The stag
killed the other day is a splendid animal, weighing
sixteen stones, perfectly clean."
NEW METHOD ON' PRESERVING RAW MEAT.—A
new and apparentlx most valuable method of pre-
serving raw meat, isoovered by Professor Artimini,
of Florence, and patented in this country, promises
to have a great effect upon our markets. According to
a report by Professors Barff and Mills, of the Glasgow
University, and Dr. Stevenson, of Guy's Hospital,
meltt six months old was found to be perfectly sonnd
and good, the muscular fibre unchanged and the nutritive
properties unimpaired. The material employed is said
to be less expensive than salt and not only wholesome
but pleasant to the taste.

AN OVERTURNED SCHOONER.—The pilot boat Pet,
Just arrived at New York from a cruise, reports that
on the 19th ult.' in lat. 41 de?. 30 min. N and long.
64 deg. 30 min. W., she fell in with a vessel bottom
up. On approaching the overturned craft she lowered
a boat, which went alongside. Her crew discovered that
she was the schooner Gladiator, and as she was in the
track of vessels bound to New York, it was thought ad-
visable to cut a hole in her for the purpose of sinking
her. The work was about to be commenced, but a
most terrible stench was encountered from below,
which compelled them to desist. As the boat was
moved round the vessel a man was discovered with a
rope round his neck hanging from the bowsprit. The
effluvium from the sunken schooner was so noisome
and overpowering that the conclusion was come to
that the crew of the vessel were lying dead in her
cabin. It is thought probable that he is the
_British
n Ba
schooner Gladiator, which sailed from
is no doubto Barba doss for
Yarmouth, N.S., some time ago. S
os ton on the 17th.
as being seen in about the same It
the vessel reported by the pilot boat Thomas N. Neyue
• A booking-office. Swell
ExPßEss.ivg. Scene •
cket):— First-class return
(right hand in trousers I),Where sir ?" Swell (who?
to—" Smart clerk :
" The D—. Smart clerk: "Not
misses his purse) :
onAthßisElsincer;Es.
uint' Cy of Cork Steam Packet Corn.
,presented to Captain Lawreuce O'Toole, of
agnificent service of plate, suitably
re-cue of the steamship Manilla with
he
any have T
inscrib'a
his
e ?slue x,126,000, off the Start, after 30 hours'
a cargo 'ct effort. An address has also been presented
afoar
persisten.
tam O'Toole from the people of Cork; and the
to Cap
ol Shipwrecked Mariners' Society hate awarded
LiVerpo
him their silver medal for the rescue of the crew of an,
other vessel,
you7fiFu4 PopTiclANs,—A number of young lads
in Uri?, Venn., have organised a boys' Garfield and
Arthur Club, and informed General Garfield of the
fact .in a letter in which they say: "We meet three
times a week and read your life, sing Republican
songs, and make speeches as well as we can. We aon't
know very much about politics, but ve pitch into the
Democrats." In reply, Qeneral Ciarfield wrote on the
Ist ult. "I am greatly ialeaSed‘ to learn, both froana
your communication an 4 ogler sour*, of VI,-.43 deep
interest you are taking in the 'Owing datlipa!igil, and
I am particularly glad to have an opportunity to
recOgniO and encourage the earnest effort you are
making to inform yourselves concerning the political
issues of the day. From youth to old age, never for
an instance falter in guarding th,e apid 119444
honour cf yow 0,844 n,

•

To HENOHT CußATEs.—City Livingin the gift 4
the Lard Mayor.—Real turtle.—Puneh.
THE BAYARD OF THE EAST.—This title Was
by the late Sir James Outram for his chivalrY enu
courage. When he was a boy, an uncle, who was 5
clergyman, recomtnended his mother to educate Jaral
for the Church. Bat for this calling the young BaTeru
felt no vocation. "You see that window," he said VI
his sister "rather than be a parson I'm out of it, an°
I'll 'list for a common soldier." Fortunately, go'
Outram had kind friends who intervened to save the,
lad from a career for which he had so little relish; ana
through Captain Gordon, the member for Aberdeen-
shire, he was nominated to a cadetship in the BorabaY
infantry, and sailed for the East in May, 1819. He wee
then only in his sixteenth year, but the Lords of Leaden'
hall Street knew that boys often did them good service'
d
It was on record that when the directors were dispose
to demur at the childish appearace of John Malcolm,
to whose nature that of Outram was much akin, 5
••••
spirited answer speedily removed their scruples'
" Why, my little map,' said one of the directors to
young Malcolm, as Sir John Kaye tells the storh
what would you do if you were to meet HYder
Ali ? " "Do, sir?" replied Malcom, "I would ent
with my sword and cut off his head;" and the direc-
tors unanimously agreed that he would do. Lill
Malcolm, Outram was childish in appearance,
was, when he joined, in Bombay, "the smallest stele
officer in the army. —Blackwood's Magazine.
A LOCOMOTIvE STATION.—An ingenious method fo
obviating the frequent stoppage of trains at stations,
and yet accommodating th-e passengers from these
stations, has been devised by M. Hanrez. A
mg carriage," comprising a steam-engine with spe
gear, and space for passengers and luggage, is pleoeu._
on a siding at the station, and picked up by the trew
as it goes past. The latter, by means of a hook on it;
last carriage, catches a ring supported on a poX'
connected with a cable wound on a drum in the wen'
ing carriage. Thereupon the drum begins to unwind,
and in doing so compresses a system of springs, while
the canriage is moved at a rate gradually mcreasing
that of the train. The engine of the carriage then
winds in the cable, the train and carriage are con-
nected, passengers are transferred (the carriages being
of the American type) from the joined carriage to the
train, and vice versa, then the two are disconnected,
and the engine of the carriage working on the wheels
brings it back to the station whence it was taken.--
Nature.
HOPOPHAGY IN FnaNcE.—Some very interesting
statistics have been published by the society for pro;
'noting the use of horse flesh and the flesh of asses anu
mules as food, showing how steadily the consumVi°l'
of these articles of diet has been increasing in aril
and tie ptpvinoes since the foundation of the society
in 1866. The weight has increased from 171,3001 b. in
1866 to 1,982,0201 b. in 1879. In the principal citiat
the provinces the consumption of horse flesh may
considered to have fairly taken root. At Marseilles,
in 1870, there were 599 horses eaten; 1,031 in e
and 1,533 in 1878. At Nancy, 165 in 1873, oyer s
1876, and 705 in 1878; at Rheims 291 in 1874, 423 ifl
1876, and 384 in 1878; at Lyons 1,839 in 1873, en",
1,313 in 1875. In both the latter cases some difelcui.
ties had been thrown in the way by the town authori'
ties, as was the case recently at Chalons-sur.hiarne,
where the mayor fixed the price of horse flesh at
higher rate than that of beef. The average price Of
horse meat is from 25c. to 30c. per lb. Each horse fl.nZ
nishes about 200 kilogrammes (4cwt.) of meat, wlnou
is capable of being prepared in many by no means un*
appetizing ways, such as pot-au-feu, boiled, roast.
bashed, haricot, jugged, filet, &c.

THE NEW GROUND GANN ACT.—This Act (says the
Graphic) is being accepted in very good spirit by manY
landlords who are extending its provisions to exiStini.
leases. We hope the farmers will meet their landlor
with an equal friendliness, and that the natural szpr
pathies of the two classes living by the land will suMea
to deprive the statute of the animus " with will°
political advocacy endowed it.
HAD AGAIN.—Young Hardup. Glad I met you'
got half a soy. ?—Stodgers (thinking he is going to he
repaid a borrowed five shillings) with alacrity. Xeisti
certainly, my boy, I have.—Young Hardup'
then, I'll get you to let me have it, and that'll rasoj
fifteen. —Judy.
CAUGHT IN A SNOWEITORIC—The Klageeurter.,_
TA
Zeitung reports that on September 21, while '
weather was unsettled, a party, consisting of a 11
four gentlemen, and three guides, set out from He' •
genhlut for Fli7abeth Rube, by the Gross-Glocknen
On their return the storm was so violent and the sileW
so thick that it was impossible to get down into the
valley, and they were compelled to take refuge in the
hut which has been erected on the mountain. The
snow through which they had to wade was in sorDe
places a metre and a half deep. They had to pass the
night in the hut. Next day they sallied out, and all
the _men made several attempts to clear a passage'
But the snow still fell heavily, and the storm vrt.ll
almost as violent as the day before. It was not tins" #
the third day that they were able to make their wag
back to Heiligenblut, having to wade through till)
freshly-fallen snow almost the whole journey. The
lady was almost worn out with fatigue and exposure/
and the men were in scarcely a better condition.
CIPHERING.—SchooIboy (kept in).—" Let's see-164
t'm's onght's ought. Twice ought's ought. Tbr
t'm's ought—Oh, must be something—stick it &oil
one !—Punch.

GENERA': .FEILDEN, M.P., ON TRZijiOil
Presiding at a meeting in connexion with Blackball
Church Institute on Saturday evening, Major.Generi'
Feilden, M.P., said he considered that at the present
crisis all persons interested in the Church should aeraoll.
trate distinctly that they wished the connexion betviee,:i
Church and State to be maintained. He did 13,„."r
believe the Church was in danger, and thought it bet
to have such questions as now divided Churchmen uw.
cussed than to have a dead Church, as was the case
few xears ago. He regretted the insubordination it',
some Clergymen, but, did not think there was likely to
accrue from it any permanent or substantial Iniurisor
the Church. They should, however, be prepared
any evil and seek to resist the attacks of Liberationiets,
whom he considered wild and very dangerous man.
Mosr AZNOYING,—Nothing more clearly shows 0°
wrong-headedness of the working man than tb
Parisian cabinet-makers' strike, just (when It
Gambetta is giving out so much work in that line.
Funny Folks.
A MINE ON FIRIL —The Burlington Pit at the Parl
Iron Mines, near Barrow-in-Furness, has been on fire.,
during the past week, and the workmen employed th.,,.,er:
have not been able to go down into the pit to work. 'IP'
management have, however, been able to confine tbil
flames within a narrow area, and although ranc*
damage may probably have been done to the workinil
the fire has not done much injury to other party
°
the mine. There are no inflammable gases in iron
mines, and it is evidently the woodwork in the work'
ings which has caught fire.
I
THE AMERICAN AND CANADIAN FOOD SEW!, x,E4
The arrivals at Liverpool of live stock and fresh UO.
from the United States and Canada last week we...'"
much below those of the previous week. The steaxaft
which conveyed live stock were as follows :---__
,
Massachusetts, with 529 cattle and 384 pigs • the Lal
,8
Manitoba, with 487 cattle and 284 sheep; tn.
Bavarian, with 340 cattle; the Montreal, with 814
cattle and 571 sheep; and the Quebec, with 293 (Attie.
The steamers conveying fresh meat were as falloweL"
The Bavarian with 1,510 quarters of beef;
Nevada, with /568 quarters of beef and 200 carcases
mutton; the England, with 876 (quarters of beef ;,tp
Brittannic, with 640 quarters of beef and 150 earcA'--
of mutton; and the City of Brussela, with 524 cilia.
ters of beef, 100 carcases of mutton, and 117 dead gig'
—making a total of 1,964 cattle, 855 sheen, 384 pm
4,418 quarters of beef, 450 carcases of mutton, and
dead pigs. •
CASES OF SUNSTROKE.—A Bombay paper says th_Ael
the troops which went out in the Euphrates and arrn
at Kurrachee on the 4th of September experienT
extremely hot weather in the Red Sea, and, notivi_,n*
standing all precautions, had no lees than seven
of sunstroke, three among the sailors and four anionf;
the soldiers. It was fortunate the supply of ioe
board was ample, as one man entirely owed hie,„'Li
covery to the use of ice. Had the passage in the
Sea lasted one day longer, many more cases wen
probably have occurred.

AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN.—The
ing are the average prices of ffritish corn for the Weed
ending Oet. 2, as received from the inspectors An,
officers of excise :—Wheat, 40s. id.; barky, 34,_„tgs"
oats, 21s. 6(1. per Imperial qr. Corresponding viv:
last year?--Wheat, 475. id.; barley, 40s. Id.; PP"
235. 41. .

the
MR. SPURGEON'S ILLNESS. —On SundaY,.. -
autumnal session of the Baptist Union of Ur%
Britain and Ireland, was inaugurated by aerviee
various metropolitan churche.s. A. large number tit
delegates attended the Newins.,,...."n Tabernacle, boo
it was mentioned that Mr, Surgeon was still.A.r,
unwell to preach, and the following letter from -D4lO
Spurgeon was read 1—" Dear Friends —I trust
storm is now over, but it leaves me weak as a brietly
reed. I hope that the good physician's hand will Wei
speedily restore me, and give me the great iq os
being once more in your midst. On former °cosi?,
I have risen about as rapidly as I went down,
hope it will be so now. For all your loving consincr.,:
tions of me in my sharp affliction I thank you beart"b
and pray God to bless you all. I earoestly beg Yst
to make the meetings of the Baptist Union a
success. I had engaged to speak on Monday,.bt"
deeply regret that it is impossible. It is the missicitisrA
F. night; make it a great one, and give a prophecY„e-e
the rest of the week. On Thursday if I °An 410
present, if only to say a few words, It is to be 'of
Closing meeting, and should be the crowning 011,1,0
all. Pray that God may bless these gatherinio t")„"f
refreshing of His ministers, and so to the benefit,
His churches, and God will hear you.—Yours, C.
BPURGZON."
est
FIRE AT THE TUILBRIES.—On Satrtrday night gr
excitement was caused in Paris by the news that tbo
portion of the Tuileries,
was in
ilaiiietad,isatlllndglNiviassherdapasidtlhye
t,reiantafo4.
de Fiore,
stroyed. The burning block of buildings being ele`
adjacent to theko-31
Louvre, with Its matchless colle?t)the
of art treasures, and is strong wind blowing 1"„Ily
time in that direction, the anxiety felt was n5tu...,,,,r" a.
very great. The second floor of the ravillon is e'v- is
pied by M. Herold, Prefect of the Seine. The firehre
believed to have originated in the rooms of M. Herc'cas
mother, whenCe t saon reached the adjoining 1706,—t0
occupied by his children. When the est ala.
was given at about ten o'clock, M. Herold le
working in his attic() on the ground floor, to 11
had only just returned with his family ireloy
watering place, and was anxious to dispatch 3 urgent matters matters before retiring to rest, RushhiC:ill
mediately uistairs he succeeded with some diffietn9
placing the various members of his family who ate
just gone to bed; heypud the reach of danger.
fire bell w;as ihen rung, and two companies of firere:7l
acecaripapied by an immense concourse of peV*,
were BOOR on the spot, The hose was quickly unre.tree
and the flaming budding inundated, some two or
hundred -.lien of the Republican Guard o,nd the P'o,4
lending their assistance_, and preaerving order aotba
the immense crowd.., ..The.-Ilaaaalk-Ratkoriewe foreente.
steam pumps were sent for I.4o4tiaiPtedgad'*°e'a
vent an coiplosieok. The fire was finally
little after midnight, but not before the whole ed_,4
second storey was in ruins. Both M. Herold's
and the library of the town, placed in the third st°i.
were elvied, but the books are muQh injured bY
WAter,

,
• „

THE REMAINS OF THE FRANKLIN
EXPEDITION.

TllO .New York Herald of September 22 gives the
Eartlculars of the results achieved by the Franklin
'3earch Expedition, under Lieutenant Frederick
Behwatka
"The members of the Franklin search party, under the
ti?niniand of Frederick Schwatka, United States Army, were
tacked up by Captain Michael Daker, of the barque George
'4 Nary, of New Bedford, at Depot Island, on the let of
`ll..Pstr, they having returned to that point from their sledge
"""neY to sing William Land on the 4th of March of the
Pretient.year.
▪ The sledge journey was the longest ever made through
• Unexplored Arctic regions as to time and distance, the
tut; having been absent from their base of operation in
n Baqr 11 months and four days. During that time
tey tray° pcl 2,819 geographical or 3,251 statute miles. It
ei.tyi the on y sledge journey over made that covered an en-
're Arctic winter—a severe winter. The winter was pro.
11,Pluiced by the Esquimaux as one of unusual rigour.
The natives at DepBt Island and Wager River experi-
enced much suffering in consequence of the severity of the
l'eason, Which precludes successful hunting,and several deaths
02curred at both places. The mortality was attributed to
intense cold and famine. The expedition, however, suc-
eossfully withstood the greatest amount of cold ever en-
P,Duntered by white men in the field. On January 3, 1880,
ratherrnometer sank to 71deg. Fahrenheit, or 103 deg. below
,72ing point ; and during the entire day it did not rise
696eg. During 16 days the average temperature was
:
I,ueS• below the freezing point; and during 27 days it was *low 6,ade,
g All this time the party travelled. In fact,
"ley never halteXa single day on account of the cold.
- "HUNTING FOR RELICS.

Mixing the summer and fall of 1879 they made a com-
plete search of King William Land and the adjacent main-
r7d, travelling over the route pursued by the crews of the
and Terror upon their retreat towards Back River;
bile so engaged the party buried the bones of all those
,r• ortunates remaining above ground, and erected moan-
to the memory of the fallen heroes. Their research
--"`"nisned the mournful fact that the records of the
Expedition are lost beyond recovery.
"IMPORTANT INFORMATION.
DX The Natohilli Esquimaux, who had found a sealed tin
about 2f I. long and if I. square, filled with books, at a
Olnt on the mainland near Back Ricer, where the last of
ile....SUrvivors of Franklin's party are supposed to have
Th'i/' Perished, weve interviewed by Lieutenant Schwatka.
• ese natives broke open the box and threw out the precious
which were then either scattered to the winds of 80
• la winters, or destroyed by the children, who took them
t• heir tents for playthings. This point was not only searched
lieutenant Schwatka's party, but by nearly the entire Nat-
. I• nation, inspired by a promise of a great reward for the
co• Yery of any remnants of books or papers, no matter what
their present condition. This search failed to discover
7,r7 of the records, but resulted in the finding of a skeleton
VI sailor about five miles inland. Its existence was pre-
„,-44,1y unknown even to local tribes. Every native who
flul Impart any information concerning the lost crews was
linted up and interviewed. Some of them had not seen
Whit.
b. men since Captain Crozier's party was there. The
'erviews were
.paade through the medium of a competent
erPreter and in this way much valuable information as
'0 the loss of the Franklin records was compiled. It also
1!1„ade knowa the fact that one of Franklin's ships drifted
,
;VIM the Victoria Strait and was unwittingly scuttled by
Ookloolik Esquimaux, who found it near an island off
Clreat Point during the spring of 1849. At that time one
was lying dead in the steerage, and during the same
Lear the natives saw tracks of four white men in the spring
"wows on the mainland, living like the natives.
"The expedition started from the base of operations in Had-
tlL.'s Bay with but one month's rations of civilized ' food upon
sledges, thus voluntarily submitting to is dependence
Ir'n the game of the country through which they passed.
2-2 White men of the party began living upon the same
Zre and conforming to a mode of life strictly in ac-
L'rdance with that of their Esquimaux assistants. The
:135U1t has shown that it is feasible for white men to adapt
re.,Reive. to the climate and life of the Esquimaux in pro-
:Luting journeys in Polar regions, and that they are not
issarily restricted to any particular season of the year
that purpose, but can travel at any time and in the same
h.!.Y in which the natives travel. A large quantity of relics
been gathered by the party, not to gratify morbid
`nn.esity, but to illustrate the last chapter of the history
15ix John Franklin's expedition. From each spot where
paves were found a few tokens were selected that may
Zeto identify those whose perished there. A piece
each of the boats found and destroyed by the
k..ives has been brought away, together with interesting
/1,3811 mournful relics in the shape of the prow of one of
boats, the sledge upon which it was transported, and
the drag-rope upon which these poor fellows tugged
1.,41 they fell down and died in their tracks. In addition
these the party secured a board which may serve to
.611, WY the ship Which completed tee North-West Passage.
„.;;The expedition have also brought the remains of an
Lieutenant John Irving, third officer of the Terror,
~Were identified by a prize found in his opened
grfve.

The Times of Tuesday published the following, which
Was telegraphed from Cork by its Correspoil'dent
New York Herald of September 25, received this ,
""ung on the arrival of the mail, contains, from its special
--"esPondent with Lieutenant Schwatka's Arctic exploring
sm interesting account of the search for Franklin's
"uee. The letter, whick is dated Depat Island, Hudson's
takes up a page of. the Herald. It says :
"Ary Previous letter closed with the interesting
&molly of the Inuit woman Ahlangyah regarding(cue lost explorers and the conclusions derived there-
roan. When she had finished her statement, we gave
her some needles, spoons, a tin pan, and other articles
that'well repaid her for the trouble she had taken to
~_each us. Here was a woman who had actually seen
poor starving explorers, and her story was replete
With interest for us. Every word she uttered seemed
I..,raUght with the dread tragedy, and she appeared to
Ku, are our interest, for her face was full of expression.
At times it was saddened with the recital of the piteous
C?ndition of the white men, and tears filled her eyes as
he recalled the sad scene at the tent-place, where so
loamy had perished and their bodies became food for
virild beasts. It would seem from what she related to-
day that the partywho perished in the inlet that we visited
Yesterday was part of the same that Ahlangyah met
onßing William Land. She and her friena could not
get across Simpson Strait, while the white men kept
on over the rotten ice, probably at last compelled to
titukde to their boats, and then at the.2Lercy of the wind
Pfefsen,,,,,A,Eter losing others of tilffir numbers near
'where -Lodd islands they drifted into the inlet
long it ,e`lu, bodies were found with the boat. How
never Isw-}o,lr them to reach this place will probably
Were in'e 'known, but there is little doubt that they
qtentl- a'
deePerate condition. In fact, as we subse-
_ Y learnt from other witnesses, there was almost
re mistakeable evidence of their being compelled to
orrt ,to cannibalism, until at last they absolutely
—.11:11"vea to death at this point--at least all but one,
Whose remains were found during the summer after
our visit here.
_ ." About five miles further inland we secured one
najiable relic in the sledge seen by Sir Leopold
41-"Clintock in Erebus Bay, which at that time had
lipOn it a boat with several skeletons inside. Since
t!r sledge came into the hands of the InVits, it has
reh cut down several times. It was originally seven
L eet longer than at present, the runners about two
uldles higher, and twice as far apart, but even in its
.88ent state it is an exceedingly interesting memento.
have carefully preserved it in the condition in
7uieh it has been in constant use he the Esquimaux
4or many years. We met other portions of this tribe
at Intervals of from six to ten miles along this coast
114.,„til we reached Seaforth Point, where we crossed to
`ing William Land, and left them behind until our
return the following September.
"The evening of the 4th of Jun% we met a young
taan named Adlekok, who during the summer pre-
Vious had foutd a new cairn erected by white men
near Pfeffer river, which had never been seen by any
_other Inuits. Near by there were three graves and a
tent-plaoe, in which he found a pair of wire gauze
1111, ow goggles, which were bought from him. This
information seemed of sufficient importance to be fol-
Tved up immediately, before any other natives
'mould find and rob the cairn. Consequently, the
11„ext day Lieutenant Schwatka and I took a light
sledge, with Toolooah to drive and Adlekok as guide,
1:1411 visited the spot. We took a day's rations with
'3 to use in case we did not get 'sack that night,
4na started with a head wind and storm that confined
calr view to the immediate vicinity of the sledge. Our
however, took us through this trackless waste
etnooth ice a distance of over 25 miles without
"oeviation from the direct line, with no land marks
tr4sull to steer by. But on he went, with the unerring
3ttatinct of a dog, until we struck the land at the
WBstern banks of Pfeffer river. Arrived at the cairn,
rlfound it, as he said, 'a white man's cairn' unmis-
'Kayn b.IY but before proceeding to take it down, we
n7:llluled it carefully, and found, scratched on a clay
with the point of a share instrument `H. May
vi.; 4_691' and on the opposite side Eternal honour to
vaseoverers of the north. We—' and knew it to be
~,e eairn erected by our countryman, Captain Hall,
"r9r the bones of two of Franklin's men, which he
12.„Peaks of having found here. A portion of the in-
was lost by the breaking off of a piece of the
--Ci,e4B on which it was written. We did not take down
tunonument, but after making a hasty sketch, re-
rn
h to Camp having travelled over 50 miles in 10
eit!rs.
in At this camp we found another interesting relic
heti'ine board that seems to have been part of the
th of a bunk or other permanent fixture, and has
bsitisis of 'L. F.' in brass tacks upon it. This was
-hp.eiked up on the west coast of Adelaide Peninsula,
wliere the ship went down that drifted through
thleteria, Strait, and may serve to identify that vessel,
renuos.Proving a most interesting and valuable historic

the next camp which was our last stopping-
Ttee G. 1.1 the mainland', we met an old woman named
"L"ooktootheer, widow of Poovetah, who was among
f• irst to yisit the boat place we saw a few days
att,. We we somewhat disappointed in her as
-"nesa, for she was so old that her memory
f as at fault, and she Would wander about to dif-
j,,rent_places to relate circiimatances without explana-
iiiin• ner son, who was present at the interview, was a
of about twelve years when he visited the boat
the with his parents, and retained a vivid recollec-
r•
be •whof the place. His testimony, therefore, proved
s 4 we had hoped of his Mother. All the time
• Was talking, the old woman sat nodding approval
I'Ve3 the circumstances he was relating were recalled to
• rinztere,ory, His name is Ogzenckjenwock, and he is
aruketko ' or medicine-man in his tribe. The
collection of the boat place was somewhat impressed
wkle,ll his mind by the explosion of a can of powder
which he and another 1,0 were playing after
he articles were found there. The effects of the
fc,plesion came near proving fatal at the time, and
•711_!n I met him during the fall on Xing William's
La he had never entirely recovered from the shock.
_ .ooktoocher said she was from Okbillegeok (Petty Bay
n the charts), a portion of the Netchilik country.
Vs the widow ei Foovetah, spoken of by Sir John
r 8 • and Captain Halt, She appeared to be about
,eventy years old, and,w.a.s an object of high esteem
LT her people, as wee evinced in the care that was
meatowed upon her comfort, She said she had never
ei_en any of Franklin's roan alive,- but saw six
f 4eletens on the mainland and an adjacent island—
_ 411 r 011 the mainland, and two on the island. This
POinted out on the southern coast, near 95deg.
L.v,e_st lolagitude. There were no graves at either
it,'3'4'ea, Her husband was with her at the time and
Is_ven other Inuits. This was when she was at the
seem place west of Richardson Point. In fact,. she
u:ed t° have the two places somewhat mud
te laer mind, and Ogz,enckjenwock took up
. e thread of the narrative. here. In answer
re a question which we asked' his nether, he said
2f,..a,aw hooka at the boat place, in a tin case about
bi; Cu; and if t. square, which was fastened, and they
tintece °Peri. -The ease was full. Written and.
• books were shown him, and he said they were
e e th •
whf,4. Printed ones. Among the books he found
en=wati probably the needle of a cola-113w or other
iC instrument, because he said when it touched
k°l4 it duck fast, The boat Was rlght-Side up,

and the tin-ease in the boat. Outside the boat he saw
a number of skulls. He forgot how many, but said
there were more than four. He also saw bones of legs
and arms that appeared to have been sawed off. In-
side the boat was a box filled with bones. The box
was about the same size as the one with books in it.

"EVIDENCES OF CANNIBALISM.

"He said the appearance of the bones led the Inuits
to the opinion that the white men had been eating each
other. What little flesh was still on the bones was
very fresh. One body had all the flesh on. The hair
was light. It looked like along body. He saw a num-
ber of wire snow goggles, and alongside the body with
flesh on it was a pair of gold spectacles. (He picked
out the kind of metal from several that were shown
him.) He saw more than one or two pairs of
such spectacles, but forgot how many. When
asked how long the bodies appeared to have been
dead when he saw them them, he said they had pro-
bably died during the winter previous to the summer
he saw them. In the boat he saw canvas and four
sticks (a teat or sail). Saw a number of watches,
open-faced—a few were gold, but most were silver.
They are all lost now. They were given to the
children to play with and have been broken up and
lost. One body (the one with flesh on) had -11 gold
chain fastened to gold earrings, and a gold hunting-
case watch, with engine-turned engraving, attached
to the chain, and hanging down about the waist. He
said when he pulled the chain it pulled the head up
by the ears. This body also had a gold ring on the
ring finger of the right hand. It was taken off and
has since been lost by the children in the same way
that the other things were lost. His reason for
thinking that they had been eaten each other was
because the bones were cut with a knife or saw. They
found one big saw and one small one in the boat, also
a large red tin case of smoking tobacco and
some pipes. There was no cairn here. The 'bones
are now covered up with sand and seaweed, as they
were taken home for the children to play with, and
finally torn and lost, and others lay around among the
rocks until carried away by the wind and lost or
buried beneath the sand. His statement in reference
to one of the deceased wearing a watch by a chain
attached to his ears appears strange, but I give the
statement as he made it. The chain may in some way
have become attached to the ears. Ridiculous as the
story sounds, there may have been some eccentric
person in the party who wore his watch in that way,
and if that should prove to be the case this would cer-
tainly identify him beyond doubt.
"While the old woman sat in our igloo giving her
statement or trying to recollect the circumstances I
succeeded in getting a good portrait sketch of her,
which attracted considerable interest among the
natives, and Ogzenckjenwock, who, toward the latter
part of the interview, had begun to exhibit symptoms
of impatience, turned quickly around as soon as he
had finished and asked to have his portrait taken also,
in which I accommodated him much to his gratifica-
tion.
"During the year and a half that the Erebus and
Terror were frozen fast in Victoria Strait, the officers
had probably surveyed the adjacent shores very care-
fully, and had undoubtedly made observations that
were highly important. Especially would this be the
case with their magnetical observations, as they were
right upon the Magnetic Pole. We saw some tall and
very conspicuous cairns, near Cape Felix, which had
no records in them and were apparently erected as
Points of observation from the ships. As their terri-
ble experience commenced, after abandoning the ves-
sels, it is probable that their time previous to that was
occupied in a manner creditable to themselves. and
exceedingly valuable to all interested in scientific
work. The records of these observations were in all
probability contained in the tin box which Ogzenck-
3enwock speaks of as having been found and lost be-
yond recovery. An old Netchillik, named Ockarnawole,
stated that five years ago he and his son, who was also
present in the igloo, made an excursion along the
north-western coast of King William Land, between
Victory Point and Cape Felix. They found some
things in a small cask near the salt water in a monu-
ment, that he did not take down. He found between
the stones five jack-knives and a pair of scissors, also
a small flat piece of tin now lost. Saw no graves at
this place, but found what, from his description of the
way the handle was put on, was either an adze or a
pick-axe. A little north of this place found a tent-
place and three tin cups. About Victory Point found
a grave with a skeleton, clethes,4and a jack-knife,
with one blade broken. Saw no books. In a little
bay on the north side of Collison Inlet saw a quantity
of clothes. There was plenty of snow on the ground
at the time they were there.

" IRVING'S GRAVE.

"Viewing this statement in the light of our subse-
quent search upon this ground, I am inclined to
believe that the grave they found was not at Victory
Point, though we made a particularly extended search
around that entire section of the country. The little
bay spoken of is also probably the little bay where
Lieutenant Irving's grave was discovered. There is a
little bay on the north side of Collinson Inlet, and
Lieutenant Schvratka and I visited it several times
without finding any traces of clothing or any other
evidences of white men having been there, and front
what we saw at other places it seems almost impos-
sible that there could have been much there as late as
five years ago without some indications remaining.
The vicinity of places where boats had been destroyed
or camps where clothing was found was invariably
indicated by pieces of cloth among the rock at greater
or less intervals for a long distance, sometimes as far
as one or two miles on either side, and it would be
almost impossible to escape seeing the principal
point when led to it by such gradually cumulative
evidences.

" OFF FOR CAPE FELIX.

"From Os camp-we went in two'marches to Cape
Herschel, where we left the heaviest of our baggage
with Joe and other Inuits, dking only the white men
of the party„ with Toolooah and his family, and
Owanark, Equeesik's youngest brother, to assist in the
management of the sledge, and-started for Cape Felix
on the 17th. Our surprise can then be imagined
when, after two days' travelling, we came out on
Erebus Bay, which we thought was far to the west.
This discrepancy was afterwards acccounted for
when we found, by a comparison with the position of
points between Cape Jane Franklin and Cape
Felix established by Sir James Ross and confirmed
by the officers of the Erebus and Terror that
Cape Herschel is really about eighteen or twenty
mires further west than mapped on the Admiralty
charts. The travelling across .land was exceedingly
heavy and tedious, owing.to the softening condition of
the snow and to the lakes being covered .with water
to the depth of six or eight inches. In the morning
the slight crust on the snow formed during the night
would break through at nearly every step, while
during the rest of the day it was simply wading
through slush or water. We found the salt-water
ice also in a bad condition for travelling. It was
very old ice, and as hummocky as it is possible for
ice to be. We usually kept near the coast, where we
found pretty good sledging ; but one day we took
the hummocks to avoid a great detour that follow-
ing the shore ice would kaye entailed upon us,
and did it to our sorrow. The fall of snow amid
winter winds had piled up around and among the hum-
mocks, filling in the interstices so that were the snow
frozen the sledging would not have been so very diffi-
cult; but the sun had already poured his rays upon
that day and night for so long a time that the snow
was soft, and nearly every stev would break through.
Our ten mile march through Erebus Bay occupied 15
hours, and we were all pretty well worn out when we
reached the shore and encamped, still some distance
below Franklin Point. We lay over the next day;
for Toolooah, who had exerted himself even beyond
his great powers of endurance, was still quite ex-
hausted, and though he expressed his reacliness to
resume the journey, Lieutenant Schwatka did not
think it sufficiently urgent to run the risk of breaking
him down altogether, not only out of personal regard
for the noble fellow, but as he was our sole de-
pendence. Losing his services would be a sad, if not
altogether fatal disaster to the entire party. When we
started for Franklin Point the next day Lieutenant
Schwatka concluded to follow Toolooah's advice and
keep upon the smooth ice near the shore, even though
it should increase the distance marched. Our experi-
ence of the hummocks of Victoria Straits was not
one that we were anxious to repeat. We had a short
stretch of similar work in crossing the mouth of an
inlet just below Franklin Point, and were glad enough
when we got through. The thermometer registered
37 deg. in the shade and 60 deg. in the sun. There
was scarcely any wind, and coats were a burden, of
which we had soon to relieve ourselves. The heat
while walking was qffite as exhausting as 90 deg. in
the shade at New York. We saw a number of seals
on the ice orposite the mouth of the inlet, and
Toolooah shot one, which was an unusually big speci-
men. In fact the average of those we have seen in
this part of the country is much larger than those
at Hudson's Bay. When we left Franklin Point the
four white men of the party kept upon the land near
the coast, and left the sledge, in charge of the Inuits,
to follow along the shore ice. The snow was entirely
off the ridges, and only lay in great patches of soft
slush in the valleys and upon occasional marshes. We
spread out on the land so as to cover as much ground
in our search as possible, moving along like a line of
skirmishers, with instructions that in case we saw
anything that we did not understand or which required
further investigation to make signals to assemble. , In
this way before reaching Collinson Inlet we found the
graves of two white men, near one of which was
lying the upper part of a skull, while within the pile
of stones we found the upper •maxilla, with two teeth
an piece of the cheek-bone. No other human
bond a
es were found, but these were laid together for
burial on our return, when we could give a more
thorough search.

" A PRELIMINARY SEARCH.

"The noxt day we lay over at Cape Jane Franklin
to make apreliminary search of the vicinity, Lieuten-
ant Schwatka and I went up Collinson Inlet, but saw
no traces of white men. Henry. and Frank, who had
been sent up the coast, were more fortunite. About
a mile and half above camp they came upon the camp
made by Captain Crozier, with his entire command, ,
from the two ships after abandoning. the vessels.
There were several cooking stoves, with
_their ac-
companying copper kettles, besides clothing, blankets, •
canvas, iron and brass instruments, and an epen
grave, where was found a quantity of blue cloth,
part of which seemed to have been a heavy.over-
coat, and a part probably wrapped around the body.
i
There was also a large quantity of canvas n and i
around the grave, with coarse stitching through t
and the cloth as if the body had been encased as if f Dr
burial at sea. Several gilt buttons were found among
the rotting cloth, and mould in the bottom of the grave,
and a lens, apparently the object glass of a marine
telescope. Upon one of the stones at the foot of the
grave Henry found a medal, which was thickly covered
with grime, and was so much the colour of the clay
stone on which it rested as to nearly escape detection.
It proved to be a silver medal two and a half inches in
diameter, with a bas-relief portrait of George IV.,
surrounded with the words, " Georgius 1111., D.G.,
Britannariunz .R.ex., 1820," on the obverse, and on the
reverse, surrounded by. ‘.` Second Mathenzatical Prize,
Royal Naval College," the inscription, "Award to John
hinny, Midsumrner, 1830." This at once identified
the grave as that of Lieutenant John Irving, third
officer of the Terror. Under the head was found a
figured silk pocket handkerchief, neatly folded, the
colours aila pattern in a remarkable state of preserva-
tion. The skull and a few other bones only were i
found n and near by the grave, They were carefully

gathered...together, with a few pieces of cloth and other
articles, to be brought away for interment where
they may hereafter rest undisturbed. Reburial on
King William Land would be only until the grave
was again found by the natives, when it would cer-
tainly be again torn open and despoiled.
"The day after this discovery was made by the
men we moved camp to the vicinity of the grave, and
spent two days in searching for other matters of in-
terest; but there was still some snow on the ground
and little ponds in the vicinity of the articles were
partially frozen, so that an exhaustive search Was im-
possible. Upon our return from Cape Felix on the
11th of July we found the snow entirely gone and the
ponds near the shore nearly all dry. We therefore
had little difficulty in completing the search at that
time. Among the various articles found was a
brush, with the name H. Wilks cut in the side;
a two-gallon stone jug, stamped, 'R. 'Wheatley,
wine and spirit merchant, Greenhithe, Kent' ;
several tin cans, a pickle bottle, and a canvas pul-
ling strap, a sledge harness, marked with a stencil
plate, showing it to have belonged to the Terror.
We also found a stocking rudely made of a piece of
blanket, showing that they were in need of good
stockings, which are so essential to the comfort of the
Arctic traveller. For this purpose nothing is so good
as the fur of the reindeer, but next to that well-made
woollen stockings are the best. It was heaLtrending
to see this mute testimony to their destitution. At
our second visit Toolooah's wife found in a Pile of
stones, where had formerly stood the cairn seen by
Lieutenant Hobson, a piece of paper which had
weathered the storms of more than twenty Arctic
winters. It was with much difficulty that I could
open it without tearing it, while all stood around in
anxious expectancy, confident that it was an addi-
tional record from Captain Crozier, as it was in a
tattered and weather-beiten condition.

"THE CROZIER RECORD.
"It, however, proved to be a copy of the Grazier
record found by Lieutenapt Hobson, of M'Clintock's
Expedition, and was in the handwriting of Sir Leopold
M'Clintock. The document was written with bad
pencil on note paper, and was partly illegible from
exposure. It was literally as follows:

" May 7, 1859.—Lat. 09 38, long. 98 41 W.—This cairn was
found yesterday by a party from Lady Franklin's discovery
yacht Fez, now wintering in Bellot Strait. . . . A notice of
which the following is. . . . removed.

28th Max„ 1847.—Her Majesty's ships Erebus and Terror
wintered in the ice in lat. 70 05 N., long 98 21W., haviig
wintered Beechy Island, in lat. 74 43 28 N., long. 91 39 15 W.,
after having ascended Wellington Channel to lat. 77 and re-
turned by the west side of Cornwallis Island. Sir John
Fx.anklin commanding expeclition. All welL A party of
the officers and six men left the ships on Monday, the 24th
May. —Graham Gore.'
"Chas. F. des V. . . . . into a . . . printed
form, which was a request in six languages, that if picked
up, it might be forwarded to the British Admiralty."
- - -

" Round the margin of this paper was
"'The Sith April, 1848.—Her Majesty's ships Terror and
Erebus were deserted on the 22nd April opens on to
the N. W. w& of this, having been beset since 12th Sep-
tember, 1846. The officers and crews, consisting of 106
souls, under the command of Captain F. M. M. Crozier,
landed here, in lat. 69 37 42 N., long. 98 41 W. This paper
was found by Lieutenant Irving under the cairn, supposed
to have been built by Sir Jas. Ross in 1831, four miles to
the northward, where it had been deposited by the late
Commander Gore in June, 1848. Sir Jas. Ross's pillar has
not, however', been found. . . . The paper has been trans-
ferred. . . . This position, which. . . was erected.

" Sir John Franklin died on the 7th of June, 1847, and the
total loss by deaths in the expeaition has been officers and
15 men.—F. M. Crozier, Captain and Senior Officer.'
_ _

- _
"'James Fitzjames, Captain Her Majesty's ship Erebus,
and start to-morrow for Backs Fish River, which we reached
. . noon yesterday. Last cairn appear to have made a
section of year for travelling, leaving all that was super-
fluous strewed about its vicinity. I remained at this spot
until noon of to-day searching for relics, &c. No other
papers. . . been found. It is my intention to follow the
land to the S.W. in quest of the wreck of a ship said by the
Esquimaux to be on the beach. Three other cairns have
been found between this and Cape Felix. . . They contain
no infor. . . . about it. William R. Hobson left in
charge of party.'
" This paper is a copy of record left here by Captain
Crozier when retreating with the crews of the Erebus and
Terror to the great Fish River. The information ef its
discovery bp Lieutenant W. It. Hobson is intended for me.
As the natives appear to have pulled down a cairn erected
here in 1331, I purpose burying a record at 10ft, true north
from the centre of this cairn and at if t. below the surface.—
F. L. Al'Clintock, Captain R.N.'
"The dots in the foregoing copy indicate illegible
words, the paper being much torn and soiled by expo-
sure.

"DIGGING FOR TIT E RECORD.

"We at once set about digging for the record that
Captain M'Clintock proposed to bury 10ft, true
north from the centre of the cairn and lft. below the
surface; but, though we dug a deep trench 4ft. wide
from the centre of the cairn doe north for a distance
of 20ft., nothing was found, and the inference is that
Captain M'Clintock either failed to deposit the record
or that changes in the surface of the ground have
brought it to light and it has either been stolen by the
natives or washed out to sea. _ _

'Some of the articles found were strewed along
the beach for a long distance, either side of the pile of
clothing and heavy implements, and were covered up
with snow when we first visited the spot. There was
a large quantity of cask hoops near by, but no wood.
Even the handles of the shoyels and pickaxes had
been sawn off, probably by the natives who first found
the place."

It may be interesting to remind our readers that
SIR JOHN FRANKLIN, accompanied by CAPTAINS
CROZIER and FizzJAugs, in the ships Erebus and
Terror, set out on his third voyage of Arctic explora-
tion in 1845, sailing from Greenhithe on May 24 of
that year. The expedition reached the Whalefish
Islands the following July, from whence..his last dis-
patches were dated. No further intelligence being
received their prolonged absence excited the greatest
anxiety, and from 1848 to 1857 no less than twenty-one
expeditions were sent from England and America, in
search of the missing explorers. Their fate, however,
remained in uncertainty until May 6, 1859, when
Lieut. Hobson found beside a cairn at Point Victory,
on the North-West coast of King William's Island, a
tin case containing a record dated April 25, 1848,
signed by Captains Crozier and Fitzjames, that Sir
John Franklin died on June 7, 1847, and that the
ships had been abandoned on April 22, 1848. This
discovery was made known in England on the return
of Capt. M'Clintock on Sept. 22, 1859, in the Fox,
which had been equipped at the expense of Lady
Franklin and her friends (Government having decknea
to send out another expedition), and which was the
last expedition sent out in search of Sir John
Franklin.