The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-01-23 00:00:00

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there he could
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not to be published; so that the German mal se for is an . in a place vs) te not, un- .
entent or partisans May know as little as the foreigner srotected, have ess.sted for a silk Ann, , In that
and the foe who are called to arms, how many, and stage of thlt affair, hearing of Capi Shaw's practical,
where. The Government may call out the Reserve action all over London, and of 'sour, care, and '
of one State and not of the next; the youth of a firmness he had always shown in 1g out his duties',
Province immediately threatened with invasion; the he applied to him and asket tether helhought
elder men of one not so threatened- in as word, what- that anything of _the kind would- lie useful to his
4, er it please 4 withotiAbeing 'baled bys-any ruts of fitemen. ge,PlaiiiS-'Bhaw wrote baXiscisaying that the
slavish uniformity. Aeswhole Reserve isArnmedititely ' thing would be &the greatest usediad that a great
to have its arms, if net the newest, those that were many things had -.been tried, and were found to be
new the other day. Itis admitted that the Germans failures. Captain Shaw came to the Royal Institti-
do not generally-like fighting, but they like it better tion and brought some of his men with him. He did
than being killed in their beds, or made beasts of not say to his men, "Do you go in," but he went in
purden, or carried into captivity. Some of them even 1 to foul air himself, and he was perfectly satisfied that
like it better than being divided into a dozen States, i the invention could be turned to good account. He
'or into two or three, each only half German. All (the Chairman) was glad to observe the exceeding
are told they, have_ fight or_ die; ...fight or be , care Captain Shaw kad bestowed uptili the simple idea,
fiaves ; fight or be beggars, fugitives, ad wanderers , and the way in which he had brought it into a prac-
rover the face of the earth. They seem to be only too , tical form. He had no doubt that as so many good
well aware oft. For a ms,n to be always expecting a ; men were occupied with the further development of ,
murderous attack is sometimes supppsed—to, embitter this respirator, it would ultimately become a benefit
.fe and make it hardrk worth having. But people to humanity, and contribute greatly to the saving of
manage to live and be comfortable in volcanoes, coal- life and property from fire.
pits, ships, and powder mills. In like manner, the A vote of thanks to the Chairman closed the pro-
three million Germans expecting every day to be called ceedings. - -
out to fight an enemy at their very doors, and them- ;
selves unfortunately addicted to habits of provocation, I
may be happy. It is to be hoped they will be happy i "OUT OF THE EATER CAME FORTH
on these conditions, for-it is all the happiness Germany ; MEAT."
is likely to enjoy for many a year—the happiness, ( • -
namely, of an even chance with a desperate and would- • (From Land an,' Water.)
be deadly foe. M. Constant Cheret, the well-known lion hunter,
If this enormous, this preposterous armament is recently sent the editor of La Chasse Illustre a mag-
provoked by the attitude of France, it provokes in nificent quaa ter of a lion which he had shot in the
return. A man who goes about armed in a time of peace neighbourhood of Phillippeville. Algeria, in the course
is suspected of hostile intentions, and Germany lends it- of the month of December. With a view to doing all
self easily to that delusion, if such it be. It finds itself possible honour to the sportsman's gift, the editor in-
unexpectedly a great military Power, and even a marl- vited his staff to dine with him at the Restaurant
time Power, victorious, successful, and its luck by no Magny, a house renowned for its cook and cellar,
means exhausted. On every side—north, south, east, and well patronised by Messieurs lea Chasseurs. On
and west—it finds that which it still wants to its corn- this momentous occasion the great Magny himself
pleteness, and which it sees a way to. Its turn is come. superintended the dinner, and prepared the prin-
After a minority of ages under evil guardianship, it cipal dishes with his own hand. The guests were
steps into its patrimony, and is once more an Empire. nineteen in number, and the menu was one of the
For ages Germany has possessed all the glories, except choicest- indeed, Mr. Lion seems to have been the
those of policy and war. Now it has these, and the pretext for organising one of the prettiest and most
others as well. It is surrounded by great Empires. recherche gastronomical fetes that we. have heard of
The:prosperity of England and Russia alone would be for a long time. Tbe. Lill of fare was as follows :
enough to tempt an anchorite to ambition. Like the Huitres de Marennes ; Beurre et olives- Potages
wise King, Germany asked only for wisdom, and tapioca et bisque • Bouchee hla Reine ; Barbue sauce
now has with it riches, honour, dominion, and the life Hollandaise; Filets ala Rossini • Estouflade de lion
of its enemies, which it did not ask for. But now that it a la Meirdionale ' • Cceur de lion a" la Castellane ; Coq
has tasted these delights it is a different being, with a de bruyere flangue de b4casses ; Petits pois ; Biscuit
new and nobler consciousness, and not content or glac6. Vins :—Chablis, Sauterne, Roussillon.'e
satisfied on the same easy terms as before. Why should champagne, Corton' ' &c. The dinner, as a specimen
it now shrink from an appeal to arms, which cannot of the culinary art, was perfect; but, of course, the
but give it more than ever? This is the new attitude great attraction was the lion ham and heart. These
of Germany; all or nothing; for in her case not to dishes were prepared by Magny himself in the follow-
advance is to recede. Accordingly, the more she arms, ing manner :—Estouffade de lion a let meridionale.
the more does France, the more does Russia. The Mariner the lion for a week with plenty of spice,
' former now commands, under all heads, about a million oignons, carots thyme, bay-leaves, garlic, parsley,
and three-quarters of men; the latter more than three and cloves; th'en pour red wine over it—some Bur
millions andathird. Austria, Italy, Denmark, Holland, gundy or a strong Southern wine—until it is corn-
and Switzerland are arming as fast as they can. It is pletely covered, taking care to add a little good cognac.
an universal strain on the energy and resources of the At the end of the week strain the lion on a cloth,
world. But self-preservation never yet was found suffi- remove the _sinews, cut it into nice filets, lard them and
dent to keep up high tension long. When all nations put them into a casserole with olive oil. When the
arm it will be for something, and they will look before as outside is slightly browned, remove them from the
• well as behind. A dozen millions of men cannot be saucepan, and place them en couronne in a large frying
withdrawn from common industry and civil duties pan, along with a third of- the marinade, some butter,
and engaged in the most costly and destructive of and the third of a quarter of orange. Prick a few fine
all employments, except to the continual loss and olives with pins, remove the stones, and place them
hindrance of the people. Where the women work like along with the filets half an hour before serving. Four
horses, as they do in Germany and France, the pre- hours' cooking is sufficient. Occur de lion ala Castellane.
sumption is that both men and horses are wasting or Chop up a pound of fat bacon, and a pound of lean
misapplying their powers. Germany is not a rich veal, season it well with salt, pepper, and spice; pass
' country. Even with its singular wealth of parsimony, it through a strainer, as you would in making a puree,
it cannot keep even a million men long under arms after having warmed it on the fire. Now mix a pound
without appreciable sacrifices. In fact, a time will of farce de volaille with it, adding a little cognac, some
arrive when the burden of a much larger armament Madeira, and half a pound of mustirooms chopped up
will compel a question between disarmament and small. Remove the centre of the heart, fill it with
initiative in war. If only to secure peace, Germany the farce, roll it and en'velope it in apd tee. Cook it
will have to appeal to arms, or, if not she, some other for three hours and a half, and serve it up with a
Power involved in this wild sword-dance of nations. demi-glace and a garniture of mushroom farcis. When
Such is the inevitable result of an inflation of arma- Mr. Lion was placed upon the table, there was a reli-
meats proceeding upon rivalry and provocation; and gious silence, which, however, only lasted for a few
it can only be averted by a timely resolution to be seconds, for at the first mouthful a murmur of appro-
content with what one has, and to stand only on one's bation ran round the table, and the guests with one
guard against unprovoked-aggression. accord drank to the health of Mr. Cheret, and M.
When armaments are measured by millions, almost Ala,gny, coupling in their admiration the valiant lion.
within sight of this land, it costs a positive effort of slayer and the clever artiste who had proved himself
huelsde
hardly gravity utmostheads, a
ralsles,rdy
able to prepare such a delicious dish out of the flesh of
land v
this ferocious game, which is more frequently in the
our
wC.I-tit, under all ds, amount
for th of e
habit of eating others than of being eaten itself. In
i forcestyto talkw e 000 f
idout u
these days of economy it is pleasing to find that even
France could put in the field, or a tenth of the forces
ou protectiontota
u e e
s o, f
would
under
a fi
fifth
he 0 most
ao ssti
xth critical
o fw chiar t-
lions ln carcase can be utilized, and that no longer is a
which Prince Bismarck could raise out of the geound live dog better than a dead lion. M. Magny should
by a stamp of his foot. All that our Armyis equal to is come over to Regent's Park, and give Mr. Bartlett a
to garrison our forts, to guard our coasts, and to in- few of these simple recipes.
struet our Volunteers and Reserves. We cannot people
remote continents and isles and have our men at home. _
Wt.
I and

hour
exisi

We cannot have them working day and night at factoriss
and learning at the same time the arts of offence and
defence. The Navy is our one arm in the scale of
Continental war. Here we are beyond rivalry, land
have only to remember that we have little else but
ships, and must make the best of our single defence.
•Continental writers taunt us with _ the low condition

of our military armament, and tell us it is nothing
less than our duty to make ourselves a valuable and
trustworthy ally. They are ashamed of the meagre
display we make, even when we seem to be putting
out our strength. But as we are an island, a circum-
stance not without its disadvantages, we may as well
take the natural advantage of that accident. We are,
or should be, one great port for ironclads, sufficiently
strong and well equipped to maintain the mastery of
the seas, not only in our own narrow straits, but
wherever the British flag marks the path of commerce,
emigration, or discovery. 'We cannot allow jealous
rivals or scaxcely concealed foes to dictate to us the
element or the exact forkt and manner in which we
shall play our part in the great work of the world.
We have only to do what we can, and if we cannot re-
sort to conscription, or make voluntary recruiting do the
work as well, we may remember that we were a great
sea Power and held a high place in European polities
when we had no Standing Army at all. The Navy is
our strong point, and Navies, it must be remembered,
have often given the command of the land as well as
of the sea. They are costly, it is true, and, what is
more, they are no sooner made than superseded by
some improved form and construction. But they
spare our flesh and blood, the dearest commodity in
these Isles. -They make wood and iron do the duty of
frail mortal frames. The great war when it comes—if
it ever comes—will not find us unprepared. It will
find us indeed at home, but secure and well guarded
at all points, and even able to do some trifling service
to our friends. As for the men, it is vain to cry for
more men from England; they are not to be found.
They are too well employed where they are, in every
region of the habitable globe.

APPLIANCES FOR ENABLING PERSONS
TO BREATHE IN DENSE SMOKE.

In London, on Tuesday evening, a meeting in the
chemical section was held at the rooms of the Society
of Arts, under the presidency of Professor Tyndall,
FR. S., when a paper was read by Captain Shaw,
Chief. Officer of the Metropolitan Fire Brigade, on
"Certain appliances for enabling persons to breathe in
dense smoke or poisonous vapours." The paper com-
menced by stating that numerous attempts had been
made in ancient and modern times to enable persons
to enter safely into places full of smoke or noxious
vapours, but very few had come into permanent use.
Their great enemies in this way were smoke and those
innumerable poisonous vapours created by intense
heat, which were designated under the general title
of mephitic gases. To enable a man to enter into
and remain in a place strongly impregnated with
mephetic or noxious gases two courses were open—
one was to supply him with pure air from an ex-
ternal source; the other to provide him with the
means of filtering for himself such air as he found.
The paper then proceeded to describe a few of the
best known appliances, commencing with the breath-
ing tubes. Another mode was to carry an air bag and
two tubes which contained a supply of air that would
last several minutes. The next apparatus was the
smoke jacket, consisting of a blouse of cowhide
mounted with a hood that completely enveloped the
wearer's head. Air was driven into the jacket by
means of a pump outside. The next appliance was
the smoke cap, by means of which a man was able
to breathe when working in a dense or poisonous
vapours. It partially closed the nose, and provided
for the mouth a light closely-fitting filter with
valves, and for the eyes a complete cover which
would act as a protection, without obstructing the
sight, the whole being capable of being put on
and adjusted for use in a few seconds by the wearer
without aid from any one else. The falter which
separated the pure air from the smoke of noxious
vapours, and which constituted the specialty of the
apparatus, was the invention of Professor Tyndall,
who had in the kindest and most liberal manner placed
it at their dispossl. The paper then described the hood
in detail, and two firemen out of a number who were
present put on one each. The hood fitted close to the
head, the lower flap, or apron part, being tucked away
under the collar of the tunic. The respirator, which
consisted of a valve chamber and filter tube about four
inches long, was screwed on outside, with access to it
from the inside by a wooden mouthpiece. The charge
for the filter consisted of the following materials,
which were put in with the tube turned upside down,
and the lower valve removed :—Halfan-inch deep of
dry cotton wool, an inch deep of the same wool
saturated with glycerine, a thin layer of dry wool,
half-an inch deep of fragments of charcoal, half-an-inch
deep of dry wool, half-an-inch deep of fragments of
lime, and about an inch of dry wool.

The remainder of the paper was devoted to a
description of Aldini's apparatus for enabling men to
pass safely through furnaces, and even to
remain in them for several minutes. One or two
questions having been asked, Professor Tyndall then
stated the various steps by which he had been led up
to this fireman's respirator. Some years ago he
chanced to be making some very delicate experiments
in which he found the dust floating in the London air
a great nuisance. He required perfectly clear air, -
through which a strong column of light could be passed
without showing any of the small motes floating in
the.. air. He had therefore . adopted the simple
plan ' of passing the air through cotton wool—a
plan which had - been used by. Schroder; Pasteur,
and others. On reflecting upon the subject, and
looking at the operations of the men under Captain
Shaw's command—seeing these firemen risking
their lives, he thought that something might
be done to enable them to feel their way better towards
the lair of their enemy. He knew that cotton wool
must be very effective in mitigating the evil, and he
obtained an apparatus from Glasgow with an inlet and
an outlet for the passage of breathing and exhalation.
He the applied it, and went into the midst of a very
pungent smoke, and he found that the cotton wool
mitigated matters so much that he could remain a
greater 'amount of time in an impure atmosphere thaL
he could without it. But for his lungs the simple cotton
wool was not sufficient, and he was induced, in conse-
quence of the experiments of M. Pouchet with glycerine,
to associate glycerine with the fibre of the cotton wool.
He found that that was a considerable help in miti-
gating the smoke, and he could live in it a con-
siderable [time longer than before. Still, he found
himself irritated by a certain amount of hydro-carbon
developed in vapours, and it occurred to him that char-
coal would exercise a similar power on such vapours
as the glycerne did on the smoke particles. After
putting them together he found that he could go into
atmosphere of the most atrocious character, and could