The Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1860-12-31 00:00:00

;hind.;
s de-
ial at

THE PEACE WITH CHINA.

A London Gazette Extraordinary, published on
Friday night, contains Lord Elgin's despatches
relative to the ratification of the Treaty of Tien-
tsin and the Convention of Pekin, and other docu-

ments.
CONVENTION BETWEEN HER MAJESTY
AND THE EMPEROR OF CHINA.

(Signed in the English and Chinese Langnageig, at
Pekin, October 24, 1860.)

The following is the convention lietiteen her
Majesty and the Epperdi• of kihitia, elided; in
- the nglisil and Chiriesb hingiiages, at Pekin,
tib ttoter ~ ~,..
24, 18G0:
't Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland
and his Imperial Majesty the E',...0r of China, being:
alike desirous:‘,„; 'bring
~lo ah end the misunderstanding
Itt present existing between thetr.respeetiYe tloVefintlents,
smi to s'et;ll.tb (belt ittAddiiA agtAtiit ilirth'eriiiterriiption,
)1'4,4 !;# thli Hillosk dt;polnted-,ll,enipotentif,ries,;, that
is to Say; ,lie'r ;Majesty the plieen of. G r,.•,at i=ritaiu Reid
rel And;. tbo Earl 'Of illgin and Biaai.nifie ; and his
i-ilieel'hil Majesty the Emperor of China, his Imperial
IZighness the Prince of Kung ; who, having met and
communicated•to each other their full powers, and find-
ing these to be in proper form, have agreed upon the
following convention, in nine articles :
"ARTICLE I.—A breaoh of friendly relations having
been occasioned by the act of the garrison of Take,
which obstructed Her Ilrittanie Majesty's RepresentatiVe
when on. his way to Pekin for tine prig Of ep;hanging
the ratifieatio,uk of the U.-6V/of fence 'coreluded ,at
Tien-tsin in the Month of (rune, .1.08, Ills imperial
Majesty the Emperor of China expresses his deep regret
at the misunderstanding so occasioned. • -
"ARTICLE IL—lt is further expressly declared that
the arrano•erne entered into at Shanghai in' the month
of October, 1858, between Her Britannic Majesty's
ambassador, the Earl of Elgin and Riecardine, and
His Imperial Majesty's Commissioners I:Nveiliang and
/litashaiia; regarding the fesidalbe .Of Her Britannic
Majesty's representative iii dliiia; is teicliy.crineelled ;
arid,that; in accordatieeWih Artiele.lll;.of the treaty
'o*. 185 N. IX rAritirimc Ili jt estrs ropreseritatite iliill
rticefOrWat fey,idri ilailiautotty or occasionally at
ekiii, at I et Britannic Majesty shall be pleased to
eide.
" ARTICLE lII.—It is agreed that the
.separate article
of treaty of 1858 is hereby annulled, and that in lieu
of the amount of indemnity therein specified, his Im-
perial Majesty the Emperor of China shall pay the stint
or 8,000,000 taels In the following proportions Cr instal-
ments, namely i=at Tieti-tsili oh tit tidbit time Nth day
of NoVeniher, the slim of t 00,006 taels; at Canton. and
till or before the Ist day of liceember, 18d0, 03,333
taels, less the sum which shall have
,liecni.nlyanced, by
the Canton authorities ~•triiir,,aris :the ,epiiiptetiOti .0 the
Britiebi POtkjr,:Site at Shaffieeti i And the teMainder at
W4°o4 qt;Cii CO thielgii trade, in quarterly payments,
hich shall consist of one-fifth of the gross revenue
From customs there collected, the first of the said
payments being due on the 31st day of Decem-
ber, 1860, for the quarter terminating on that day.
It is further agreed that these moneys shall be pal Into
the hands of en Oftabf When% herb' filiiiii'6 lite city'slll
VapitteiitatiVe ghat'
.4Pe'Ciallit aillintrit iljeci.,ei4 hem,
aiid that the a6ilr44, f tlii &honks s all, before pay-
gent, he thilY aseettained by British and Chinese officers
ijiptliiited to discharge this duty. In order to preient
future discussion, it is moreover declared that of the
eight millions of taels herein guaranteed, two millions
will be appropriated to tbOndemnlfil..,,Oik 4 the British
tit ercantilp,Ommiknitt At Cailton, or losses sustained by
lr ite'ril-, Le th 6 kmaining six millions to, the liquidation
6f War expenses.
"ARTICLE IV.—lt is agreed that on the day on which
this convention is signed, his Imperial Majesty the Em-
peror of China shall open the port of Tien-tsin to trade,
and that it shall be thereafter eompetettt to British
subjects to residt) and trade there 'bidet the sane cony
ttidOns as at any other port of China by treaty open to
trade.

" ARTICLE .V.—As soon Alio ratiflcati¢ri df the
treaty of 1858 shall hak cen Vhtiliged his Imperial
Majesty, the EniOerar of China Will, by decree, command
the Liggli, iinthotities of every province to.. proclaim
thiolighout their jurisdictions that Chinese choosing to
take service in the British colonies, or other parts
bey Ali, and ' the sea, are at pertAS rect liberty to enter into
engagements with British e 4, that iiiirpose, and
to I_l4. tliteiVelk thOir families on board any
rittch Vissel at any of the open ports of China; also,
that the high authorities aforesaid shall, in concert with.
her Britannic Majesty's Representative in China, frame
such regulations for the protection of Chinese eiiiigra-
ting as above) as the eirettnistantcs di' the different open
pat may &wool: „ • tlaierii,e --=Withil irre* t" q tllte rli4tt4.teiiaiiee of
taw aid order IA arid atorit the hitilaloiir of Hong Kong,
JIOI grlatikla.Ntty the Emperor of China agrees to
Vdde to Ha Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and
Ireland, and to her heirs and successors, to have and to
hold as a dependency of Her Britannic Majesty's colony
of Hong Bong, that portion of the township of Cowloon,
in the prcAinee of livvang-Titne, of Whir lease was
granted lit perpetiiitV tO arkes, Esq.,
Codipattion o4'- thij Nth, ii. nieniliei of the Allied. Com-
iiiinsiOn at Canton, on behalf of Her Britannic Majesty's
Government, by Lan Tsung twang, GoV el-noir:General
of the Two Kwang. It is fitrthei•debblied thak the lease
in question is hel'ebY that the olaims.of any
Chinese ko iii'ciiivAAYbil tile said portion of Cowloon shall
tivestlgated by a mixed commission of British
ithd Chinese officers; and_that compensation shall be

awarded by the British Government to any Chinese
whose claim shall be by the said commission established,
should his removal be deemed heeessary by the British
noverhnieht.
" ARTICLE Irit.--:-it greed ilia prbVisions of
the treaty of .1858, eiteePt int so fat as these are modified
by the. Pieteht tltiterition, shall without delay come into
iteittiOn as soon as the ratifications of the treaty afore-
h'aid shall have been exchanged. It is further agreed
that no separate ratification of the present convention
shall be necessary, but that it shall take effect from the
date of its signature, and be equally binding With the
treaty above-mentioned ott the high holitractitig parties.
" AntithE Weed that as soon as the
ratitleatiOns r the treaty of the year 1858 shall have been
biabaheed, His imperial Majesty the Emperor of China
Iv decree, command the high authorities in the.
Capital and in the provinces to print and publish the
aforesaid treaty and the present convention for general
in formation.

" ARTICLB IL-It is agreed that as soon as this con-
vention shall have been signed, tlic ratifications of the
treaty of the year 18514 shall hate been eichatiged, and
an imperial decree respecting the publication of the said
convention and treaty shall hate been promulgated, as
provided for by Article VIII. of this convention, Chusan
shall be evaettated by her Britannic Majesty's troops there
station 4 and her Britannic Majesty's force now before
Pekin, shall commence its march towards the city of
Tien-tsin, the forts of Taku, the north-cast of Shang-
tung, and the city of Canton, at each or all of which
places it shall be at the option of her Majesty the Queen
of Great Britain and Ireland to retain a force until •the
indemnity of eight millions of taels guaranteed in Article
111. shall have been paid.
"bone at Pekin, in the Court of the Board of Cere-
monies, on the 24th day of October; in the- year of Our
Lord 1860.

(L.S.) "ELOTN AND KILCARDINE.
"[Signature of the Chinese Plenipotentiary.]"

THE TERMS INSISTED ON BY LORD
• tLGIN.
"The undersigned has the honour to acknowledge
receipt of a despatch from his Serene Highness the
Prince Kung, under date the 12th inst.
" As that despatch was in its principal part a reply to
a communication which had been addressed to Prince

Kung by the Commander-in-Chief of ll6r Britannic
Majesty's force, he transmitted a copy of-it as soon as it
reached him to his excellency, in order that he might
take such notice of it as might seem to bim to be fitting.
"It is unnecessary, therefore, for the undersigned, to
refer to those parts of the despatch in question which
refer to the attack on Yuen-Min-Yuen, and other mili-
tary acts consequent on the advance of British and
Trench troops to the neighbourhood of Pekin. He will
only observe, on this head, that this advance took place
beoause the Chinese Government refused to accept the
terns of peace offered to it by the undersigned, firstly
at Tien-tan, and again at Tung-chau, and because, in
the latter case, that refusal was accompanied .by an act
of barbarous treachery, for which it would be difficult
in the annals of the world to find aparallel.

"The Commander-in-Chief has informed the under-
signed that he took no notice whatsoever of that portion
of the despatch of the prince in which his highness
requires that a letter should be written to him specifying
the regulations under which the gate shall be held when
surrendered to the allies.

"The gate has, nevertheless, been surrendered uncon-
ditionally; this is well; had the prince adhered to the
demand implied in that clause of his despatch, the city
of Pekin would have been assaulted and taken.

"The undersigned has further to inform his serene
highness that the letter of the Commander-in-Chief,
stating the terms on which the city of Pekin would be
spared, was written before he knew the treatment to
which the British and French subjects, seized in viola-
tion of a flag of truce on the 18th ultimo, had been sub-
jected, and when all the evidence which he possessed on
this point was contained in the despatches of the prince
to the undersigned, in which despatches the prince
repeatedly averred that the prisoners in question had
suffered no mortal injury, were comfortably lodged, and
treated with all proper attention.
"Information since received establishes the fact that,
at the time when these words were written, several sub-
jects of her Britannic Majesty, not taken in fight, but
seized and bound while relying on the security that
should have been afforded them by a flag of truce, and
offering no resistance, had already died from the effects
of the barbarous cruelty to which they and their com-
panions had been subjected as prisoners. This flagrant
misrepresentation of the facts of the case, for which the
prince is himself responsible, would fully justify the
Commander-in-Chief in setting at nought the conditions
under which the gate of the city was surrendered into
his hands, but he is still desirous to spare, if possible,
the lives of the common people.
" The undersigned now proceeds to advert to those
portions of the despatch of his serene highness which
concern him more immediately, and especially to that
clause which speaks of peace as already established
between Great Britain and China.
" The undersigned begs to remind his serene high-
ness that in the first communication which he bad the
honour to address to him he informed him that suspen-
sion of hostilities and negotiation of peace would be
impossible until the officers and subjects of her Britannic
Majesty still missing had returned; to that declaration'
he has constantly adhered.
" How has this condition, which the undersigned has
throughout declared to be indispensable to the resump-
tion of negotiations for the establishment of peace, been
fulfilled by Prince Kung and the Government which he
represents ?

-"
Of the total number of 26 British subjects seized
in defiance of honour and of the law of nations 13 only
have been restored alive, all of whom carry on their
persons evidence, more or less distinctly marked, of the
Indignities and ill-treatment from which they have
Buffered, and 13 have been barbarously murdered, under
Circumstances on which the undersigned will not dwell,
lest his indignation should find vent in words which are
not suitable to a communication of this kind.
" Until this foul deed shall have been expiated, peace
between Great Britain and the existing dynasty of
China is impossible.
"The following, therefore, are the conditions the

. ,
. „
itnrnediate acceptance' of which will alone .aveit from
it the doom impending on it :
" What remains of •the palace of Yuen-Ming-Yuen,
. ...
_0

which appears to have beeii the place at whicli'several
of the British captives were subjected to the greatest
indignities, will he immediately levelled to the ground ;
this condition requires no assent on the part of his High-
ness, because if will be at once carried into effect.by the
Commander-in-Chief.

"A suns of 300,000 taels must be paid down at once
to tha officers appointed by the undersigned to receive
it, which-sum will be- appropriated at the discretiou.of
her Majesty's Goirrrnment to those who have suffered,
arid to the fatnilieS or, the nitirdered
" The-ininiodiate si7iititt4e diftwit
up Tlen:tsiii; *ill ferkiii it is with the
sin a eliankth that it shall. be eohipetent ter the armies
of England and Prance to remain at Tien-tsin until the
whole indemnities spoken of in the same convention
paid, if the Governments of 'england and Prance see fit
to adopt this course.
"The demolition of Yuen-Ming-Yuen will take place
' " . "Unless Ue,fore a.m., on the e, prince
itifOrMs. ,the,, undersigned ~ip. writing .that ,the pun
demands:4l- as, esorNusation . I for ~ the slbjects
whq hiiVe, been. malty rated ,or murdered. will .be
•- • •-
ready for paynient on the 22nd, and .that be Will
be prepared to sign the Convention and to exchange
the ratifications of the Treaty of Ticn-tsin on the
23rd, the undersigned will again tall on the Commander-
in-Chief to stize the Imperial Palace in Pekin, and to take
such other measures to compel the Chinese Govermient
-to accede to the- demands of that of Great Britain as
may scans to him to be fitting'. It is proper, holteter,
that be should inforni the prince that, should the con
• t4riiaFy ,Of hini to, 4014 .11 .is he
addi-egi hiniSelf to the Cosi2,mander-in-Clnef of. her
Majesty's naval forees,.tis *Chi tiB td the Consniatider-ni-
Chief of her Majesty's land forces. lie begs to remind
the prince that the customs' revenue of Canton is being
collected for the profit of the Supreme Government of
China, although that city is in the military occupation
of the allies; that it is the military force of the allies
whin 41s for "some time pact prevented Mhanghaifrom
falling into Clio liaiitlff of the fe leis)
.and that the junks
carrying. rice apid,t,riblite to •Pe:Ori have heed, tillos'vedtd
pass andirepties pnmolestpd, 4q19
,fleets of the
allje4 eqinmand both the seas .und thupvers.
• "If petite lie riot tit 6tice emtelstdcd;--thii state of
things will cease, and the' undersigned will concOrt
measures with her Majesty's Naval Commander-in-Chief,
with the view.of obtaining from these and other sources
indemnification . for the. expense which her Maje Sty's
Government, is compelled to incur by the bad faith :0.-
that•of China, ELGIN AND KINCADDINE.i'

• (Ith .c•• 6 ved October 26thi seten i
"The ilfince of I(uiig, Imperial :CommiSsierier, makes
a communication in rely:• •
tlgonithe,fplarth 6,f.,thg,•nintligniqon (17tli Octoberj
letelted Abe
Orel, and lie iiOr ill evidence of his desire for friendly
relations makes answer plainly and clearly that we
positively agree to everything (therein demanded).
"The despatch under acknowledgment states that of
26 persons seized but 13 have been sent back, and that
to compensate these and [the families] of the 13 who are
dead, tbr what they hate suffered, the British Minister
requires t 00,04 tatty.,
"Peelilig.that his Ocellyncy's requisition for the Stint
to be so appropriated.isprompted by the best intentions
on his part; the prince at mice approves its payment.

" ks regards the barharoOs treatment of ihe officers
and men of the (French and British) the Prince
has assented to,the .of competisation Money;
fliat, in tO.edi&AdA it malted o'l6 &acid it tll afford)
there might be proof (of the re-establishmeht) of friendly
relations.

" The day on Which his Excellency the British Ambas-
sador will exchange the ratifications can be satisfactorily
arranged between whatever officers may be deputed (for
this purpose) on either side.
"A necessary reply; addressed to his Euellency the.
Earl of l in, Dien-1 ung,loth year, 9th moon,
Bth day (19th OCteberi 1800).
n Traftslatbd by ,
Tilwils Chinese gecietary.i'

THE RATIFICATION OF TTIP, TREATY.
.• • • •
• • "liritislt Eifil3iss3r,Peß.id; Oct. 2(i)
"11ii Ldliti,--zi4 niy, desiiatCh Jf the 111'4 instant I
enclosed the (6,3 g, of a letter from myself to the Prince of
Kting„ fixing the 24th instant for the signature of the
Convention of Pekin, and for the exchange of the ratifi-
cations of the Treaty of Ticn-tsin.
"I have now the honour to report that, on the day
appointed). I went to the Rall of Ceremonies) which is
near the sonata* wall Of the Tartar city, aeConipanied
by Sir Hope Gran p and se4reral officers df tatik;. and
attended, 135 r esbditi faritished br dicier dt the dont-
niatider-iti-bhicf, ennui the Prince of Kung already
there, surrounded by a large number of mandarins of
distinction.

"After the exhibition of our respective full powers,
we proceeded to the signature of the convention, which
does not materially differ from the -draught transmit-
ted to your lordship from TiEn-tsin in my despatch
of the nth ¢f t eptentlict. Ttvo articles hate, how-
ever, been added to those 6c:int:lined in that draught,
the 'one •and the other ceding
to Her Majesty thdt piktidii 6f the toWliship of Cow-
looil 4011: is indlided in the lease granted to'ltarry
Smith Parkes, tsq., C. 8., on behalf of the British Go-
vernment, by the Governor• General of the Two-Kwang.
"The signature of the convention was followed by
the exchange of the ratifications of the Treaty of Tien-
tsin, and, as the. Chinese form of ratification is different
from ours, I thought it proper to require that the Prince
of Kung should certify on the thee of the document,
undei his sigilatfire aild seal; that the form adopted was
binding on the .13mperor.
" A minute, recording the proceedings which had
taken place in- connection with the exchange of the
ratifications, was then drawn up in duplicate, and signed
and sealed by the plenipotentiaries, of which duplicates
'one was delivered to the Prince of Kung, and the other
to me. .

"I enclose herewith the donVefitiOn. of Nicht, duly
sighed thhl scaled by. myself and the Prince of lung,
the Treaty of Tien-tsm ratified by the Emperor of China,
and the minute certifying the act of ratification, signed
and sealed by the plenipotentiaries, and I havo 'com-
mitted these important documents to the care of Mr.
Loch, my private secretary, in order that he may in
person deliver them to your lordship,
" I commend Mr. Loch to your lordship's favourable
consideration. no was illegally seized and cast into
prison by the Chinese authorities on the 18th ult., while
engaged in the discharge of his -official duties, and his
conduct Under very trying circumstances was in the
highest degree creditable to him. •
"I have, &c.,
" ELGIN AND KINCARDINE.
" The Lord John Russell."

Next comes a formal communication from the Earl of
Elgin to Lord J. Russell, enclosing a translation of the
imperial decree, by which full powers were conferred on
Prince Kung, and stating that the writer had consulted
Baron Gros, the French plenipotentiary, on the subject
of the sufficiency of that document. To this follows a
copy of the decree in question, dated Oct. 24, 1860, a
translation of the certificate of the. Prince of *mg as
regards the twenty-five seals of, the Emperor affixed to
the treaty.

LORD ELGIN'S RECOMMENDATIONS IN
FAVOUR OF MR. PARKES AND THE
OTHER PRISONERS TO THE BRITISH
GOVERNMENT.

Mr. Parkes.--Of Mr. Parkes his lordship writes :
"Mr. Parkes' consistent refusal to purchase his own
safety by making any pledges, or even by addressing to
me any representations,- which might have embarrassed
me in the discharge of my duty, is a rare example of
courage and devotion to the public interest; and the
course which he followed in this respect by leaving my
hands free enabled me to work out- the policy which
was best calculated to secure his own release, as well as
the attainment of the national objeCta entrusted to my
care."

Captain Brabazon.—ln giving an account of the
prisoners, Lord Elgin says :
" Captain Brabazon was an officer of much promise,
and held the appointment of daputy assistant quarter-
master-general of artillery."
Mr. Loch.—Lord Elgin says, in sending the treaty:—
" I commend Mr. Loch to your lordship's favourable
consideration. Ile was illegally seized and cast into
prison by the Chinese anthorities on the 18th ultimo,
while engaged in the discharge of his official duties, and
his conduct under very trying circumstances was in the
highest degree creditable to him."

Mr. BoVvlby.—Lord Elgin says :
" Mr. Bowly was the correspondent of the Times.
He made the passage from England in the same steamer
as myself, and I became acquainted with hint during
the voyage. I deplore his loss, not only because he
was a highly-accomplished and well-informed gentle-
man, but also because from the conscientious and liberal
spirit in which he addressed himself to the investigation
of the singularly complicated problems presented by the
moral, social, political, and commercial condition of,
China, I had conceived the hope that he would be the
means of diffusing sound information on many points
on which it is most important for the national interests
that the British public should be correctly informed." •