biglam/hmd_newspapers huggingface dataset:
The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

_

T. J. HICKS,

BUILDER AND COFFIN MAKER,
PARK STREET,'
-tv
STOURE.RIDGE.
w frs•vs,,,k,

box j,taltlisfy
All hi! f's 4 ; Z:htirg W()Or puz,ctuaily t.tterded to.

lIENRY BAKER,

A tICTIONEER AND VALT.'ER,

HIGH-STREET, KINVER.

Stocks and Furniture of every descriptions bought, and
Cash advanced upon all goods sent for absolute sale:

GL E NIF lEL D. L NFIELI.

The
Queep's
Laundress
Says this Starch
Is the best
She ever
Uted.

1, ENFIELD. LENFIELP

23, IRONMONGER LANE, LONDON.
("IDE OLD HOUSE.)

JOHNSTON'S
COEN FLOUR
IS THE BEST.

TO OBTAIN THE BEST
ASK FOR JOHNSTON'S CORN FLOUR.

g properties,
It is rich in flesh-forraing and heat-givin
and when boiled with milk affords cUrapkte and pPrfect
nourishment for children and perAoLs, of weak digestion
It is dclici( us for 1-'udCiii-;s, L Lista' blancmange,&c.

PEOPLE'S FREE EDITION.
IMPORTANT MEDICAL WORKS.
BY DR. HENRY SMITH.

Twenty-first Thousand. By Post, one stamp (to pre-pay
postage) in envelope.
ETEALTH LOST AND REGAINED; or,
DEBILITATING DISEASES, THEIR CAUSE
AND CURE.
By HENRY SMITH, M.D., of the Royal University of
Jena, Author of" The Volunteer's Manual," The Warning
Voice," &c.
This work gives Dr. Smith's Treatment (the result of
Twenty-Six years special practice) for the Cure of all
Dis Pases of the Nervous System, Nervous Debility, Mental
and Physical Depression, Palpitation of the Heart, Noises
in the Head and J are, Indecision, Impaired Sight and
Memory, ludigesiion, Loss of Energy, Pains in the Back,
Constipation, Blushing, Hysteria, Timidity, self-distrust,
Dizziness, Love of Solitude, Groundless Fears, Muscular
Relaxation. dm., resulting from Exhaustion of Nerve Power,
the effect of Overtaxed Energies, Enervating HaLits and
other abuses of the system whim', if Legleeted, end in prona-
ure decline and death.
GIVES INST UCTIONS AND PRESCRIPTION Ill-
utrated with Testimonials from grateful patients ; with
means of Cure used in each case.
Tao Boo]: is SENT Fax TO ALL PARTS OE THE WORLD,
Third Thousands. By post, seven in envelope
WOMAN. Subjects treated; Girlhood,
Maidenhood Courtship, Marriage, Motherhood,
Female Education Female Health, Female Hygiene,
Domestic Medicine, itc., &c. It is a treatise on subjects e f
vital importance to woman
N.B.—A Special Edition, BEAUTIFULLY ILLUSTRATDE WITH
EN&RAVIN6S ON Wool), Cloth gilt, One Shilling.
Norms, the above medical v, orks will be sent direct from
he Author, in an Envelope on the receipt of the amount hi
tamps.

Address, D. HENRY SMITH., 8, Burton Crescent, London
W.C.

CONSULT A LONDON PB.YSICIAN BY LETTER

WITHOUT FEE.
DR. H. SMITH, the Eminent Specialist fo
the cure of all detilitating and contagious diseases
will for the benefit of country patients; who car.not consult
him personally, on receiving description of there case, send
his opinion, with advice and directions for the most success
ful restoration to health and vigour.

Address, Dr. 11. SMITH, 8, Burton Crescent, London, we,

"FOR THE BLOOD IS THE LIFE ~t-`See
`See Deuteronomy, chap. xii., verse 23.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

THE SIXTEENTH VOLUNTEER YEAR.

In reviewing the events of the year just completed, the
Volunteer Service Gazette says :

On Monday next the Volunteer force begins the
seventeenth year of its existence. The period of
twelve months now just expiring has been one of no
common interest to all those who are concerned for
the position of England as a first class Power, and for
the condition of her forces with a view to the main-
tenance of that position—to say nothing of the
security of our own shores. In the discussion of the
arge questions opened up, the especial condition and
requirements of the Volunteer service did not come
very prominently forward, and perhaps there
has been no year, during the existence of the
force, in which there have been so many
debates and controversies on military subjects
with so little immediate reference to the Volunteers.
And the year has in all respects been a singularly un-
eventful one for us. Like the rest of the nation, we
have at least enjoyed a respite from "harassing legis-
lation," and the Secretary for War has let us almost
entirely alone. It is certainly a relief to find a lull in
the flood of new regulations and circulars to which we
had recently been accustomed. Also, there have been
no great events in our own annals for the year. The
Easter Review is a thing of the past; the Autumn
Manceuvres exist no longer; and the Wimbledon
Meeting was a dreary time of rain ard mud. Never-
theless, we believe that the Volunteers have never
been in a more healthy condition than they are at pre-
sent, and that there has been no year in which better
or steadier work has been done.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

DISCOVERY OF A PIGMY.

It is mentioned in Haywood's "History of Ten-
nesse," in the United States, that a race of pigmies
existed hundreds of years ago in the neighbourhood of
McMinville and Sparta, where their cemeteries are yet
to be found, though many of them have been torn up
by the plough. Professor Henry, of the Smithsonian
Institute, lately set his heart on obtaining a skeleton
of one of these pigmies, and accordingly the other day
Mr: Lillard was deputed to make necessary search.
Mr. Lillard proceeded to Hickory Bottom, about five
miles from Sparta, where he found the graves of about
twenty pigmies, but they had been previously
opened and the contents removed. The next morn-
ing he was more successful, and from a grave on
a neighbouring farm, belonging to a man named
Doyle, he extracted the bones of a pigmy. From the
manner in which the bones lay it is evident that the
pigmy had been buried in a sitting position. The
measurement of the skeleton is twenty-six inches in
height. The thigh-bones are little larger than a man's
forefinger. The remains were at once despatched by
Mr. Lillard to the Smithsonian Institute. The grave
opened had as a headstone a limestone rock, a thing
unusual, and the bones are therefore supposed to be
those of a piimy of importance.—Pail Malt Gazette.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

OLD HILL.

CHARGE or TRESPASS .—At the Public Office, on Wed-
nesday, before Messrs. N. Hingley and W. Bassano,
Thomas Goodhouse was charged with trespassing on
laud at Turner Hill, in search of game, on the 16t4 inst.
James Whitehouse, son of prosocutor, proved that he
saw the defendant with others on land belonging to his
father, Defendant had a gun with him and a dog, and
was beating for game. Two witnesses were call for the
.defence, to prove that he was not there. The Bench
considered the .case one of great suspicion, but gave him
the denefit of the doubt and dismissed him.
NEIGHBOUR'S Q UARELLS.—Ezikiah Hickman, and
Ellen Hickman were charged with using threatening
language to Edward Sideway on the 27th ult. From
the evidence of complainant, it appears that they live
next doer to each other. Some dispute arose about the
water, when the defendants threatened to cleave his
head open, and struck him with a broomstick. There
was a cross summons charging Edward Sideway with as-
saulting Ellen Hickman on the same date. The assault
complained of, was that the defendant struck her on the
haltt while she had got hold of the pump. The Bench
said the beat thing they could do, was to bind them all
over to keep the peace, and they were alcordingly bound
over,

DRUNK AND DISORDERLY.—David Smith ifts charged
with being drunk and disorderly at Rowley on the 13th
in,t. Police-constable Cooper proved the case. Fined
2s 6d and costs.—Samuel Bate was charged with a
similar offence, on the 29th ult. Police-constkble Stiles
proved the case. Defendant had been formerly con-
victed asd lined £5 for assaulting the police, and the
Bench lined def,qidant 10a and costs.-
AssAuLT CASE.—Richmonil Plant was charged with as-
sanaing David Low on the 23rd ult. Mr. Addisson de-
fended. Complainant, a little boy said he was playing
up.the garden, when defendant's son came and want,-d to
play with them ; they- refused to let him Come. He
then threw a stone at him, which hit him on the hand.
Witness threw another at him, when the defendant came
running to him, caught hold of him and dashed him on
the ground. When begot up, he dashed him down
again, and struck him on the eye. and kicked him. 'Two
witnesses gave evidence to prove the aesault. The de-
fence was that fie meerly pushed the lad .iry ay for throw-
ing a stone at his son. The Bench considered it a
trumpery case and dimisied the summons.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

THE WEATHER AND CROPS.

The Farmer writes :—The weather last week showed
little inclination to settle down to any fixed character,
and heavy soils have afforded but little opportunity
for continuing wheat sowing and autumn cultivation
under favourable conditions. A week of fine dry
weather would be a boon just at present, for the season
is getting advanced; wheat sowing should be com-
pleted very shortly, stubble ploughing finished, and
the root crops intended for winter storage lifted. It
is not advisable to attempt either of these operations
whilst the land is saturated with wet. The area
under wheat is gradually diminishing in this country.
Of late years the seasons have not been favourable to
this crop, and market prices have been low. Other
countries can grow finer wheat than we can and in larger
hulk. The competition from abroad keeps down the price
of wheat until it barely realises a profit to English growers.
Spring sown wheat has not ben of late years asuccessf ul
crop. Besides, one of the advantages in wheat growing
where a certain prescribed area is set apart for cereals
is, that it is principally sown in autumn, and ,so re-
lieves the heavy work of spring sowing, at a time when
other crops require all the attention and labour we can
spare to put in the seed in proper condition. Barley,
is the most profitable corn crop at present to the Eng-
lish farmer, and good partures properly managed pay
well, except where that most harassing disease, the foot-
and-mouth, prevails. Wheat sowing, when unfinished,
should now be continued at every opportunity when
the land is fit, and the same may be said of all plough
ings preparatory to spring cultivation. It is not well
to trust to any great improvement in the weather at
this late period of the year, now wet November has
set in, to be followed probably by hard frosts or heavy
snows in December. The root crops should be trimmed
or laid in rows or small heaps to be securely stored
whenever the land is dry enough to admit of carts
entering in the fallows without injury to the ground
or extra labour to the horses employed in drawing the
heavy loads after them.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

CLARKE'S

WORLD FAMED
BLOOD MIXTURE

Trade Mark,—" Blood Mixture."
Tin GREAT BLOOD PURIFIER & RESTORER
SKIN DISEASES, Eruptions, Blotches,
Ulcerated Sore Legs, Old Sores, Glandular
Swellings. Cancerous Ulcers, Spots, Pimples,
Pustules, Boils Carbuncles, Pt
gWOrMS, S cal d
Heads, Sore Eyes, Erysipelas, Itch, Seurfs,
Discolorations of the Skin, Humours and
Diseases of the Skin of whatever name or
nature, are literally carried out of the system
in a short time by the use of this world-famed
Medicine.
THOUSANDS OF TESTIMONIALS FROM ALL PARTS.
IMPORTANT ADVICE TO ALL.—Cleanse
the vitiated blood whenever you find its im-
purities bursting through the skin in pimples,
eruptions, or sores ; cleanse it whtn you find
it obstructed and sluggish in the veins ; cleanse
it when it is foul, and your feelings will tell
you when. Keep the blood pure, and the
health of the system will follow.
As this mixture is pleasant to the taste, and
warranted free from anything injurious to the
most delicate constitution of either sex, the
Proprietors solicits sufferers to give it a trial
to test its value.
CLARKE'S WORLD = FAMED BLOOD
MIXTURE is Sold in Bottles 2s 6d each, and in
Cases, cuntaining six times the quantity, us each--
sufficient to effect a permanent cure in the great
majority of long-standing cases, by all Chemists and
Patent Medicine Vendors thrynghout the United King.
dim and the world, or sent to sny address on recelpt
of 30 or 132 stamps, by the Proprietor,
F. J. CLARICE,CREursT, Apothecaries' Eall,Lincoln.
Agent for Stonrbridge : Mr. J. H. Bland, High-street
Wholesale: All Patent Medicine Houses.
LONDON DEPOT: 350 OXFORD S 1 BEET
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

CRADLEY

On Tuesday evening last the Rev. Dr. Gregg, vicar of
East Harborne, delivered a very able an i interesting
lecture in the National Schoolroom, on his recent voyage
to, and experience in New Zealand, and also gave some
sound practical advice to intJuding emigrants to that
coloLy. ,
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

"A RARE COIN IN FRANCE."

A French Correspondentwrites :—"A very valuable
collection of coins was offered for sale at the Hotel des
Ventes in Paris the other day, and among them wa
five-franc piece with the effigy of Prince Louis
Napoleon, President of the French Republic, and the
date of 1851. This coin' much to the surprise of a by-
stander not in the secret, was run up to 118 f. Curious
to know why a coin which, from its recent date, could
not, he imagined, be a rarity, fetched such a high price,
lie asked the unsuccessful bidder why he had offered
as much as 110 f., and was met with the somewhat
contemptuous reply, 'Why, don't you see it is
a piece with the lock of hair?' (unie piece h la
meche). More and more puzzled, he was obliged
to ask for an explanation, and was told that one of the
first decrees issued after the coup d'dat on the 2nd of
December referred to the coining of new money, which
was to be stamped with the effigy oi the Prince-Presi-
dent. One of the five-franc pieces *as brought to the
Elyse for approval, but the late Emperor, having his
attention taken by other things, forgot all about it for
a few days. When he came to examine it he noticed
a lock of hair curled forward near the right temple,
which displeased him, and he gave orders to have the
mould altered. But, taking his silence for consent, the
director of the Mint had commenced the issue, and
twenty-three five-franc pieces could not be withdrawn
from circulation. These are the coins which are now
so highly valued by collectors, and one of which was
sold a few days ago."
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

AIR BAGS FOR RAISING SUNKEN
VESSELS.

The Times gives the following interesting description oi
this useful discovery for raising sunken vessels :

The enormous ascensional power possessed by air
when properly applied to the purpose of raising sub-
merged bodies long since pointed it out as one of the
most useful agents in such operations. The difficulty,
however, was to obtain a material for making recep-
tacles to contain the air which would offer sufficient
resistance to the water.pressure at considerable depths
of submergence. Ninety years since—in 1785—Pro-
fessor St. Claire, of the University of Edinburgh,
proposed the employment of air bags in raising
sunken vessels, and the material which suggested
itself as the most desirable for the bags was india-
rubber. But the india-rubber industry was then only
in its infancy, and it does not appear that manufac-
turers could then aid in giving practical value to the
Professor's suggestions, so that the idea WAS not then'
further developed. The first application of the air-
bag f'stem was made so recently as 1864 by M. Bauer
in raising the steamer ,i4014i8, which foundered in the
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

DAMAGED WHEAT; FOR SEED.

A Correspondent of the IVew York Tribune writes :
Nothing but necessity would lead me to sow
damaged wheat. I would as soon think of raising
colts from heavy, ring-boned, spavined, used-up
parents. Musty seed will not grow if the must has
come from heating in "a mew or in the bin. Seed
:.coro is perhaps morer-likeiy to be injured than seed
wheat. I Once lost a planting of corn by using seed
'that had been for a short time in a bin. It was in
good, merchantable condition for grinding, and we had
no thought that it had heated at all, but it did not
grow. One one occasion we had a pile of wheat
heat a very little on the barn floor, which we
had intended for seed. Before sowing tests were
made by placing soil in a pan, and planting in it a
known number of kernels to test the question of
vitality. A very large percentage failed to germi-
nate under those very favourable circumstances.
Many years ago we had a harvest so wet (rain fell
eleven successive days when the wheat was in just
the condition to sprout), that there was no sound
wheat to be had, and we were forced to sow seed that
was "grow." Many farmers made tests on this
sprouted wheat; and it was found that it had sufficient
-vitality to" grbw,- and of necessity it was used for
seed, and did so well that many persons thought the
sprouting in the field did it no injury. In this they
were probably mistaken, but it was a point that could
not be determined witb absolute certainty either way.
Thus we have proved, as we think, that mere sprout-
ing of the kernel is not fatal to the seed, but heating
to any considerable extent, either in the mow or in
piles of thrashed grain, is ruinous. I strongly advise
my brethren of the plough handles never to sow.infe-
rior seed of any kind of grain if they can avoid so
doing, but to select the very best they can without
much regard to cost. Seed of wheat should be graded
—that is, the small kernels should be in some way
separated from the large and perfect ones, and only
the best sown.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

AMERICAN HUMOUR.

American papers talk of a Mexican baby-eater, who
seems to have fully demonstrated the truth of the saying
that the child is fodder to the man.

The American Rochefoucauld says—" Contentment
Is said to be better than riches, but the latter is goodenough
or me."
'I he Columbus Journal, describing an Ohio barrister,
says :--ile is an honest man by profession, and he earns his
bread by the strength of his jaw."
Fashionable young lady, detaching her hair before
retiring—" What dreams may come when we have shuffled
off this mortal ccil
Twenty-five young women are studying medicine at
Salt Lake. They are to practice for women; doubtless they
will have their revenge at last, and make them scarce even in
Mormon Land.

They have a female barber in Brooklyn. She is
seventeen, soft-handed, sweet of breath, pretty, plump, and
graceful, and what is better than all, deaf and dumb.
"No one can tell what a day will bring us." This
philosophy is from the American Itrichefoucauld, after
Madame Ana( riwai Roehef.,•:cau;d 1:-. • ~vesented him with
three. The philosopher ha.. provided ~.11 outfit for one.
When a couple of young folks, writes an American
critic, get sa that they want to waltz all the time at a ball
and have no quadrilles, that's a sign that they are never
going to stop until some furniture wan is made happy.

- -
A smat t young Bostonian offers to wager a consider-
amounc on his spelling. Ile says you may give him any word
in the English languag3, in common use, or absolute, tech-
nical, or otherwi.e, he will spell it correctly the first time.
Almost any smart New Yorker can do the same. "It "
is not a difficult work to tackle orthographically.

At a recent spelling match the agreement was that
the words should be selected from a newspaper of the day
of the match. The match was between young men and girls,
and went no further than spelling, or they would not have
deceived the girls by obtaining the publication of a scientific
article full of unfamiliar terms.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

THE MATRIMONIAL QUESTION.

The financial aspect of the matrimonial question
occupies at present the attention of various corre-
spondents of one of the Chicago papers. The Tribune
of that city takes up the subject editorially and ex-
presses the opinion, which, in these times at least, will
be everywhere recognised as just, that economy is the
main pivot upon which the success of every household
turns, and that its study and practice are not beneath
the attention of any lady. Upon this question Dr.
Lorenz Von Stein, an eminent political economist,
has recently made some suggestions in a lecture upon
"Woman in the Sphere of National Economy." Von
Stein divides the entire family income into two distinct
parts. The first, which depends entirely upon busi-
ness and capital, belongs to the husband. The second
part, which pertains to the household economy, he
subdivides into six parts. Four of these, including
that part of the income to be devoted to the dwelling,
the standing wants, such as dress, light, fire, and ser-
vants, the expense of sickness, death, insurance, and
recreation, and a certain sum set apart as the family
savings-box for the subsequent benefit of the children,
are to be under the jurisdiction of the husband and
wife together. The wife alone has the sole charge of
one-third of the life economy and an equal jurisdiction
in the other two-thirds, shall make the closest possible
estimates of all items of expense and of the price and
quantities of commodities.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

MR. STANTON'S BICYCLE RIDE.

At Lillie-bridge, on Monday evening, Mr. David
Stanton, the hundred mile champion, completed the
650 miles he undertook to ride on a bicycle in seven
successive days and thus won the £lOO depending on
the event. The distance in question is equivalent to
that which separates Paris from Vienna, and the
present match was made in consequence of a
Continental nobleman riding on horseback from
the French to the Austrian capital in twelve days,
Stanton maintaining that on his bicycle he could
do an equally long journey in a week. But, of
course, the carefully cindered, level racing path
at West Brompton is far superior for travelling
purposes to the road selected for the ride on horse-
back, where, for a considerable distance, some rather
steep hills had to be encountered. The condition at-
tached to the match was that the day should consist of
twelve hours, that is to say, from six in the morning
to six in the evening; but Stanton very rarely com-
menced until seven, leaving off invariably soon after
five. He began on Tuesday in last week, and during
the day covered 100 miles 1,200 yards. On the
Wednesday he completed 91 miles 1,128 yards ; Thurs-
day 100 miles 1,200 yards ; Friday 90 miles 1,080
yards; Saturday precisely the same; and Sunday—
continuing on that day being imperative-85 miles
1,020 yards. 'When, he commenced on Monday morn-
ing (his last day's journey) he had 87 miles 332 yards to
go in order to win, and though evidently a good deal
fatigued, he managed to keep up a pace of 13 miles an
hour. At 8.17 he rested, having done 17 miles, starting
again at 9.27. He had finished 30 miles at 10.27, and
35 at 10.50. After a short rest he went on again, and
at dinner time, 12.25, he had done 52 miles, leaving 35
miles and a few yards still to be accomplished. After
a hearty meal and an hour's refreshing sleep, Stanton
started again at 2.10, seemingly vastly better for his
rest. There was a considerable number Gf people
present. He rode on very steadily,. accompanied by
Keen, and by nine minutes to three o'clock had done
62 miles, leaving about 25 still to be done. At about
a quarter to five Stanton finished his six hundred and
fiftieth mile, and thus won the match with over an
hour to spare. He was greeted at the conclusion of the
journey by immense cheering from the spectators.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

RHYMES FOR THE MONTH.
itemember, Remember

The fogs of November,
And wrap up your thorax (or cheat);
Beware of Bronchitis,
Avoid laryngitis,
And money in sealskin invest. —Punch.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

ECCENTRICITY AND CHARITY.

A gentleman of French birth, named Pierre Hem,
Baume, has just died at Douglas, Isle of Man, leaving
a large sum for charitable purposes. He was born at
Marseilles in 1797. and at an early age was sent to a
military college at Naples, where he became private
secretary to King Ferdinand. About the year 1825
he came to London. At one time he was a preacher
holding peculiar views on theology. Then he became
manager of a theatrical company, and subsequently
got up a scheme for the establishment of model gardens.
He took a lively interest in various charitable institu-
tions and expressed a strong desire to accumulate a
great fortune, with the object of eventually endowing
or establishing an institution, on principles which he
had himself drawn up, for the education and benefit of
youth of the poorer classes. By great perseverance
and industry, and by subjecting himself almost to
privation, he at last succeeded in amassing a consider-
able fortune, and bought land at Colnerhatch,
together with a small estate called Chifont, or Dibdin-
bill, in Buckinghamshire. Several obstacles arose to
the fulfilment of his educational project, and he was
ultimately induced to abandon this idea. After living
about a quarter of a century in London be went to
Manchester, and engaged vigorously in a movement
to establish " publichouses without drink." Its
also instituted Sunday afternoon lectures to work-
ing men, which were carried on with varying
success for several years. In 1857 he settled in
the Isle of Man, purchased an estate there,
and has ever since resided in the island. At
Douglas he fitted up an odd kind of residence, the
entrance to which he made almost inacces-ible, and
admission to which could only be obtained by those
whom he had initiated into a peculiar knock. In this
little den he lived like a hermit, sleeping in a hammock
slung from the roof, for the room was crowded with
dusty books that there was no space left for a bedstead
or even for a table on which to take his food. He
stated that his object in living in this condition and de-
priving himself of all comforts was to enable him to
leave as much money as possible for charitable
and educational purposes. He resided in this
miserable place for several years, but his health
failing him he was induced, about twelve months
ago, to remove, and died at a tradesman's
house in Duke-street, Douglas, on Thursday morning
in last week.
Public attention was directed to M. Baurne's affairs
in London four or five years (ago, in consequence of
proceedings taken by him to evict a number of squat-
ters who had located themselves on his Colney-hatch
property, which was popularly known as "The
Frenchman's Farm."
In 1832 M. Banme took out letters of naturalisation,
which enabled him to enjoy the rights and privileges
of an Englishman, and to dispose of his property as he
thought best. He has left the whole of his real and
personal property, valued at £54,000, in trust for
charitable purposes in the Isle of Man.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

HOW TO TOAST BREAD.

Very few people know how to toast bread properly.
In toasting bread the object is to get out the water
that remains and which makes the bread cold, waxy,
and heavy of digestion. Perhaps it will be as well to
explain what makes bad toast of a piece of bread, or,
rather, no toast at all, but simply a piece of bread
with two burnt surfaces, more wet and waxy in the
middle than ever, and which not one particle of butter
will, or rather can enter, and if put by for an hour or
so and allowed to cool, will be as tough as leather.
If the slice of bread is brought into close coLtact
with a strong fire, the surface becomes covered
with, or, rather, converted into, charcoal, before
the heat produces any effect on the interior of the
bread. This being done, the other side is turned, and
has its surface converted into charcoal in a similar
manner. The consequence of this will be, must be,
that not a particle of butter will enter such a piece of
so•called toast, but only remain upon the surface and
if subjected to additional heat, turns to a rancid oil of
the most unwholsome description. Charcoal, ail
everyone knows, is a very bad conductor of
heat, and as such is used between the cylinders and
casings of steam engines; it is of little consequenze
whether the charcoal be from wood, flour, or, indeed,
any other substance, for its qualities are in every case
the same. When the surfaces of the slice of bread are
overcharred in this manner, there is an end to all
toasting, as no heat can by any possibility be commu.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

THE BLACK HILLS GOLD FIELDS.

Professor Walter P. Jenney, chief geologist of the
expedition into the Black Hills, and his assistants
have returned to Wyoming, having spent five months
in the hills, and made a thorough examination of the
whole country. The New York Herald says
"He reports gold fields extending forty miles north
from Harney's Peak, and twenty miles wide, that con-
tain gold in quantities that will pay from 3 dole to
5 dole per day to the man, and that there are bars on
numbers of streams that will pay much more than that.
The water supplies are ample for working purposes,
and fully sufficient to carry water from the top of
most of the bars, and allow the tailings to be readily
disposed of. The gold is coarse, good, and easily sepa-
rated from the gravel and sand. The professor has
with him an ounce of coarse gold that two men ob-
tained in Spring Creek with ten hours' labour. An
assay of his gold shows it to be 940 fine, worth 1943
dole, to the ounce. Professor Jenney corroborates
General Custer's report of the hills, and says that they
will support thousands of miners when the Govern-
ment opens them a settlement. The valleys are all
adapted to agriculture, and the hills and canons to
stock raising. Rainfall is plentiful, and timber abund-
ant.''
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

over inside. The boiler was in perfect order and
he examined the stays and knocked the scurf off
there was no defect in them. He had a sledge
hammer and knocked the scurf off, and it occurred
to him after the explosion that he might have
cracked the iron (Mr. Martin, in answer to the
Coroner, said the crack might have escaped the
engineer's notice, the stay being covered over with
scale,) Witness continuing said that the engine
was being worked at 151 b presure at the time of
the accident. He once worked it at 181 b presure
to the inch, but reduced it to 151 b. He followed
the example of his predecessor and was surprised
to hear that the boiler was made to allow only 51b
to the inch. In his opinion the cause of the ac-
cident was the giving way of the stay. At the
time of the accidenthe was in the office about 100
yards away. He had been an engineer 33 years
and had charge of boilers of high and low pressure.
Mr. Norris had noth.ng to do with the boiler. He
(witness took every precaution for the safety of the
boiler. In answer to Mr. Wall, witness said he
had left the boiler about six or seven minutes
He had fired, and just gone to the office.
.13 y the Coroner: When there was anything the
matter he went to Mr. Norris, who told him never
to work the boiler unless it was safe.

Mr. Alexander Norris, proprietor of the works,
srid he was not an engineer at all. Theboiler was
last repaired on March 6th, by the firm of
Messrs. John Bradley and Co., of Stourbridge
Ironworks. It was under repair somthing like a
week. He was told by the boiler, repairers that
they had made a thorough good job of it. He
knew nothing of the presure at which the boiler
should be worked. He had not had the boiler in-
sured at all. He bought it six years ago, second-
hand, from the Oak Farm. it had not been ex-
amined by any scientific man in the interval. He
lived in proximity to the boiler—as near as the
workshops were.
William Turner, surgeon proved the injury that
Gibson had snstained and the cause of death was
probable from shock to the system.
Edward Hill, proved that John Wilkinson .'ord
was scalled, anciDhe assisted to get him from under
the rubbish.

Ann Maria Rider proved that he died on the
way to Dudley Hospital. Nimrod Norris, of the
Lye, proved that he saw Fredick Hall at the
works. He was much scalled witness assisted to
get him up and he was took to Richard Hughes's
house.

This being the evidence the Coroner summed up,
going carefully through the evidence of Mr. Mar-
tin as to the capability of the balloon boiler which
were made to work at 51b. pressure. It would be
for the jury to say whether, in their opinion, there
were only culpable negligence on the part of the
engineers. The evidence went to show that Hughes
had been an engineer for 33 year, and took his
usual precautions.
The jury returned Li, verdict of accidental death.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

THE UNION OF LAW AND EQUITY.
-
The Times has a long article explanatory of the Supreme
Court or Judicature :

This Ist of November England witnesses the union
of Law and Equity. The Supreme Court of Judica-
turewhich effect this union con-
stitute a treaty of peace between contending forces—
forces striving, if not for supremacy, yet for inde-
pendence. How fierce at times the contest has been is
well known to every student of the Law—Common
Law jealous of its rights; Equity firm, and ever and
anon gaining concessions to its claims. Ancient times
witnessed feuds and asperities ; modern times have
witnessed conciliations and exchange of favours: Com-
mon Law, for instance, accepting equitable pleas, and
Equity accepting trial by jury. Now the walls of
separation, defended for more than 1,000 years, are
broken down; the contest is at an end, the union is
consummated, and Equity is victorious; for, hence-
forth, in the administration of law in England, the
rules of Equity are to "prevail."
The following Courts, heretofore separate and ex-
clusive in jurisdiction—viz., Chancery, Queen's Bench,
Common Pleas, Exchequer, High Court of Admiralty,
Probate, and the Court for Divorce and Matrimonial.
Causes—being from this time forth "united and con-
solidated together," constitute "one Supreme Court of
Judicature in England."

The Lord Chancellor as usual on the 2nd No-
vember, received the Judges and Queen's Counsel
at his private residence, and afterwards went in state
to Westminster Hall, where the several divisions of
the High Court of Justice were opened for the de-
spatch of business. In the first, or Chancery, division,
the Lord Chancellor sat with Lord Justice James; in
the Queen's Bench division the judges were the Lord
Chief Justice and Justices Mellor and Quain ; in the
Common Pleas, Lord Coleridge and Justices Brett
and Grove; in the Exchequer, the Lord Chief Baron
and Barons Cleasby and Huddleston ; Sir R. Phillimore
sitting as one of the judges of the fifth division, which
comprises the Probate, Divorce, and Admiralty
Courts. It was noted in the Chancery Courts that the
word " action " has taken the place of the old equity
term "suit," and that the Vice Chancellors are no
longer addressed by counsel as "your honour," but
with the courtesy title of "your lordship," which has
so long bean used towards the common law judges
whilst upon the bench.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

SOCIAL AMBIGUITIES.

Never take "Come and see me," says an American
paper, as a phrase meant in earnest unless it is accom-
panied with a date. Such an invitation amounts to
nothing at all. If a lady or gentleman desires your
company he or she will appoint a time for your visit.
"Call on me when you can make it convenient,"
"drop in as you are passing," "make us a visit when-
ever you have an hour or two spare," are social ambi-
guities by which men and women of the world under-
stand that they are not. expected to do the thing
requested. When people wish to be cheaply polite
there is nothing like this kind of vagueness. The com-
plimentary small change of society must always be
taken at a large discount. It is never worth its face
or anything like it. Yet it is'a convenient medium of
exchange, and heavy debts of gratitude that ought
to be requited in better coin are often paid with it.
People who have more polish than principle use ,it
lavishly—plain, blunt, honest men sparingly or not at
all. Whoever makes a friendly visit to a fashionable
house on the strength of a mere "Come and se me,"
will very often find that the family circle he has dropped
into by request is as ungenial as the Arctic circle, and
he will probably leave it with a chilly feeling that will
prevent him from venturing into the same high lati-
tude again. But when a whole sound man, whom you
know to be your friend, grasps you vigorously ,by. the
hand and says, "Come and dine with me toi day--r
dinner on the table at five o'clock—be sure to come,
we shall expect you," you can take it as certain that,
your presence is warmly desired. It is pleasant al-
ways to make or receive a visit from a friend, but at
nod on the street is all•sufficient from a fashionable
acquaintance.

---
Early on Monday ,morningndthe 15erapistikrived at
Aden and at half-past nine the Prince of Wales landed. He
was received by the various authorities, and a deputation of
native merchants waited upon him with an address. In the
coarse of the afternoon the Prince held a levee. Ills visit
excited much enthusiasm.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

AN ANCIENT CEREMONY,

The City Solicitor, Mr. T. J. Nelson, accomvamed
by Mr. De Jersey, the Secondary of the City of
London, and a gentleman representing Mr. W. T.
Elliott, late Under-Sheriff of London and Middlesex,
attended before Sir Frederick Pollock, the Queen's
Remembrancer in the Court of Exchequer, at the
office of the Court in Chancery-lane, on Saturday last
at two o'clock p.m., to perform certain ancient quit-
rent services to the Crown for tenure by the Corpora-
tion of the City of London as ancient tenants of lands
in the county of Salop and in the parish of St. Clement
Danes, Westminster. The proceedings were com-
menced by Mr. Secondary reading a warrant stating
that John Whittaker Ellis, Esquire and Alderman,
and James Shaw, Esquire, late Sheriffs of London
rid Middlesex, come on the day to them prefixed to
ender to her Majesty an account of the issues of their
roffice from the feast of St. Michael the Archangel in
the 38th year of the reign of Queen Victoria to the
same feast then next following; and also a second
warrant, stating that Mr. De Jersey and Mr. Elliott
are put in the place of the raid late Sheriffs to render
such account on their behalf. After these warrants
were read, the Queen's Remembrancer directed that
they should be recorded as prayed. Proclamation was
then made in the following words :—" Tenants and
occupiers of a piece of waste ground called 'The Moors,"
in the county of Salop, come forth and do your service."
Mr. City Solicitor then chopped one small fagot in half
with a hatchet and another with a bill-hook, as quit-rent
service for the above tenure. Another proclamation was
next made thus :—" Tenants and occupiers of a certain
tenement called 'The Forge,' in the Parish of St.
Clement Danes, in the county of Middlesex, come forth
and do your service." Thereupon Mr. Nelson pro-
ceeded, as rendering service for this property, to count
six horse-shoes and 61 hobnails. Upon his announcing
each of the above numbers he was answered by the
Queen's Remembrancer, "Good number." by
this the above very ancient and curious ceremonial ter-
minated.
Records of the quit-rent service for "The Moors,"
Salop, are found as far back as 13 John (A. D. 1211), and
for "The Forge" as far as 19 Henry 111. (1235) ; but
the origin of both tenures Is lust in antiquity.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

THE FARMERS' CLUB.

In London, on Monday evening, the first monthly
meeting of this club after the summer and autumnal
recess was held in Salisbury-square; Mr. Major Lucas
in the chair.
The president for the year, Dr. Voelcker, introduced
the subject fixed for consideration, viz. :—" Root
crops, as affected by soil, manure, and climate."
Before commencing his remarks, he congratulated
the meeting that the committee had that day elected
Mr. T. Honey, a good practical farmer, as the
chairman for the ensuing year. In opening the
subject,. he observed that the principal root crops
grown m this country are turnips, swedes, man-
golds, a variety of sugar beets, carrots, and parsnips; i
and that n making their selection farmers gene-
rally are more guided by chance and habit than by
experiments showing what crops are most useful. He
then entered into a variety of details connected with
the application of different manures, and in doing so
pointed out that root crops exhaust the constituents
of the soil far more rapidly than cereals. Every
good farmer, he said, was well aware that some
kinds of soil were better adapted for the growth
of root crops than others, and this difference he
illustrated by reference to the peculiarities of various
soils, one deduction drawn, in passing from the facts
mentioned, being the impossibility of growing roots
on poor sandy soils without supplying the reqvisite
amount of artificial manures. -2tilaslon,
wards made to tabular statements showing
.the com-
parative amount of feeding matter contained in some of
the principal roots. A high percentage of nitrogen, it
was remarked, was no proof of great feeding value, butthe reverse, and the presence of a large quantity of it
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

Of streams the stately Cauvery,
Of kings is ChOlan best,
And ChSia-land the fairest land

In all the earth's broad breast!
From this spot the Prince will look down on the
battle-fields of Clive, and the historic island of Sriran-
gam, which has the reputation of being the most fertile
portion of the most fertile part of India. The chief
religious as well as secular authority on the rock is
the Tambiran, or High Priest. This man's own na-
tural hair is more than seven feet in length, and he
will now and then, as a favour to visitors, unwind it,
and stand upon it, and allow its genuineness to be
tested. The Tambiran is anastute metaphysician, and
travels about the country in a costly palanquin, almost
entirely composed of carved ivory.

HINDOO CURIOSITIES.

During his stay at Prichinopoly, however brief that
stay may be, heP4nce.ot :Wales will be pretty cer-
tain to be escorted to the famous island of Srirangam,
across the Cauvery bridge, which is about as long as
that across the Menai Straits. There is no need in
this place to speak of the pagodas of Stirangam at
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

HAY.

WHUECIAPEL, Saturday, Oct. 30.—The market has been
moderately supplied with hay and straw. Demand was good,
and prices very firm. Clover, 100 s. to 148 s. ; inferior, 85s. to
955. Prime meadow hay, 90s. to 132*.; Interior, 555. to 755.
and straw, 355. to 50s. per load.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

THE POULTRY YARD.

The American Farmer gives the following on this I
subject:—" The Black Spanish. the Polish, the Leg.
Lornsand the Hamburgs are all great layers, and not
inclined to set. Some prefer one breed and some
another. One cock to every ten or twelve hens is suffi-
cient, at most, and some of our best poultry-men keep
a less proportion than that. In the egg-producing class,
the Legherns stand preeminently above all others.
This variety consists of the white and brown. The
browns appear to be the favourites, being hardy, easily
raised, and maturing quickly—the pullets often laying
at four months. Pullets of this breed frequently lay
as high as 260 eggs during the year. Their large comb
and pendants require a warm house during more
rigorous winters. The next high in favour is the
Black Spanish; these, like the former, are non-setters,
and prolific, but not so easily raised. They do not,
until nearly grown, get their full feathers, being gene-
rally half naked for a considerable time after hatch-
ing. These, like the Leghorns, require comfortable
winter quarters, owing to their large comb and wattles.
The Houdans, a French breed, come next as layers
and non-setters. This is what they call a made breed,
between the Poland and the Dorking—showing the
characteristic crest of the former and the fifth toe
of the latter, although not Wi continual layers as
the two varieties mentioned, yet they possess points
superior to the others in site, delicacy of flesh, and
hardihood, but are very liable to disease. The small
breeds, the different varieties of Hamburgs and
Polands, have their admirers as fancy fowls. They
are excellent layers, partially non-incubators, but are
tot recommendable, owing to their size, as likely to
improve our present stock of common fowls. The
Dorkings : This class may be considered the standard
English fowl, and combine more gezieral qualities than
any other; regular setters large size, plump, square
built, delicate flesh, and highly flavoured. They lay
a full supply of eggs and are probably the best table
fowl raised. They likewise have large combs and
pendants, like the Leghorn and Spanish. They do
not thrive well on damp soil. The Asiatics are the
most extensively bred and fashionable class at present
raised in America, and on the whole are probably
better adapted to the rigorous winters of the United
States and Canadas than any other, being well sup-
plied with an abundance of feathers down to the toes,
having small combs and wattles, no danger thus arising
from those parts being frozen."
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-11-06

LONDON MUTUAL BOILER INSURANCE

COMPANY, LIMITED.

Established for the INSURANCE and Periodical
INSPECTION of all kinds of STEAM BOILERS,
LAND or MARINE, throughout the United Kir.gdom.
Boilers and Machinery inspected for puichasers and
others.
For rarticulars, apply to the Secretary,
17 QUEEN ViCTORIA•STREET, LONDON, E.C.

fp-1 Limited, E MIDLAND BANKING COMPANY,
in anticipation of ELMOVING to
other Premises, are open to receive Ofters for their Un-
expired Lease of Si years of
.their present Premises, at
at 155, Iligh•street, Stourbrnige.—Applications may be
addressed to John Barr, E,q., the Manager of the
Branch.

E NGLISH FRET CARVING.

BitACKETS, BOOKRESTS,

READING EASELS, ILOWER STANDS