The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1880-12-21 00:00:00

xi ii-

Dorchester Farmers' Club.

A meeting of this dab was held at the King's Anne
Hotel on Saturdey evening last, presided over by Mr.
H. W. Hawkins, when there were also present—Mr.
Messner (lion. Secretary and Home Surgeon at the
Detest County Hospital), Mr. G. J. Andrews, Mr. A.
H. Haztabls, Mr. R. Gram, Mr. Gongs, jun.. Mr.
Chapman Baundens Mr. Oakley Saunders, Mr. Lush,
Mr. 8. Vim, Mr. W. Chick, Mr. Loader, Ids.
Lipsocenbe, Mr. Veiny, Kr. Pearce, B.c.

It was first proposed by Mr. G. J. ANDIMII, and
*wooded by Mr. H. H. HAIM" that Pak. A. H.
Huatabl• bee member of tin Club.
. .

6-a7r—i;d-
It was alas agreed that Mr. C. Beale, of Wareham, be
• oember of the Club.. .

Tbe Citstfugan said he had the pleasure to tell them
that Messrs. Carter. the seedaroen hadvolunteered to
give them the next lecture on the
13th January. Mr.
Day, whom they all knew very well—the Medical
Officer of Health for the borough—bad likewise volun-
teered to lecture on February 12th, an that this would
take them pretty well on in the wawa.
Mr. ligssoli then read the following interesting
Pry,:;:r kind.permiesios I intend this evening reading •
short paper on •'The Diaraes in Sheen occesioced by the
Flake: its Nature, Treatment, and Prevention, de.. I
propose to read it under the following heads A brief
sketch of the epidemics in this ',wintry since 1830. I •
description of the duke-worm. 3. Its life hirtory. 4. The
erodible manna in which sheep and cattle infect them-
selves. 5. The various methods which have been attempted
and suggested in the treatment and prevention of sheep
re'. 6. A brief history of the finks in man, and account
of a mas which accoutred at the Dorset County Hospital,
7. The question of diseased meat, and l'i^rr far It alerts
man. Epidetnic.—Sihoe the winter ol 1830-31 there have
been many outbreak, of sheep-rot mo, or less distractive
I. their naturs—notably in 1810, 1862. 1873, and 1879. Mt.
Spoon, la his work on sheep, says that upwards of a
million of sheep and lambs have been destroyed annually
by rot, viz., In IEIO-31, when some fariners lot their whole
Lick.. In Kent one farmer lost .C 3.000 worth of sheep in
three month. Again a olinilar outbreak occurred le
18E3-54, when thousands of sheep werd deatroyed by rot,
in both well-drained sod marshy district.. About this
year sheep-rot was introduced Into the Ansi rallan
where the thews Is more constant than in this country.
Professor Bimniondr, in 1860, wii.es that the Western and
Southern diiitricis 01 Euglai.li t .o raisons astast
I. rural Moses. newt London. Limes of sheep
amounted SIPP to 700 in a Ilock—eome lodise all; all breeds
, alike teemed to succumb io the aff-ction. Sone farmers
!in Dernosbire lost is much as five-cinch. of the total num-
bers. These were, however, deprastured In marshy grmnd.
What made matters worm was the numb, of young cattle
whose hearts were affected by dikes; 1060 will be long
bitimmbeired by aviculturists, not Otlif for the tot in
sheep, but oleo for it, baneful effeet, on the root crop
sad hay and corn harvests. In 8-irrey and Swam sheep
of every description and under difforyint syshung of
man age men bsqually anew m bed . In 1862 the destruction
was @see wore than in the previous-mentioned years;
600,000 sheep suffered front rot is the United Kingdom
during that year. In Leland, the destruction of c iota
was equally ewers ; also in title county of Dorset On
the Continent, in Germany. and France, wad in Australia,
among the wait sheep rune. It wee, however, noticed that
aortas parts of the Eastern Counties of Eneland,eepecially
writers abeam were pastured in or near salt marshes, thnt
the ithywe made by the rot waa not nearly go greet In
1873 and WI mast of eon oily too well remember the
number of Amp that died, or were &strayed on amount
of the disease. In this cuinty and all river the United
Kingdom, ewer-laity in low-lying djitricts. The eiimale
! themselves barely selling for the wail, of their skins.
History of the Fluke—The appearance the hake worm
Is doubtless only too well known to most of you. 1 will,
therefore, not occupy much of your time by daemibing it,
automata( to Kochermeistiii, the German Antimer. The
worm varies from an inch in length ; when at full maturity .
, is Ant-bodied, as the name implies (duke) ; is not provided
• with either heart or lunge, the alimentary classal,wilich it
brsoched, rune from the &atria sucker or mouth to the
opposite extremitr. Imusediaely below this mouth
or sucker is situated another sucker, walled the ventral,
I. which the aisle and female organs of generaties one*.
Below this is situate the uterus, and still farther to the
erusially if the animal are the testicle& which occupy
two-thirds of the body, and le on different pianos. Ray'
lag described the organs of reproduction, be went on to
my flukes (or distoma is they we called), are, therefore,
herusepArediess. There is self impregnation with and with-
out copulation, and impregnation and copulation with
other Individuals. The production of eggs by the fluke is
imormone ; a single worm is Intimated to produce 400,000
ow& Most of the OM are as a rule deers's& and meaty
are hatched and embryos develed , Now, gentlemen. hav-
ing beard as brief in amount of the worm's formation and
properties, sa it Is possible to give ja so abort a temple&
we came to probably one of the oust important Mate of
this paper, how do these flukes predate the inseam in
sheep. Well, to answer that gnostic:o, I most endeavour
to =plebs how, by what changes the egg became a mature
fluke. Firet/v. Rot is chiefly prevalent during the spring of
the year,and develops most readily from Joao to October.
Lash of the innumerable eggs of the liver auks gives origin
to • e,,n number of circultr. embryos These embryos
are fithesi with "Cue. and to enable it to swim
rapidly in water, oggbt 111111111 to add that for the com-
plete and proper betel** as it were of them _ea& You
most have • damp locality, five ovens of air, with 011.411111
amount of warm .th It is said they to not hatch well in
clean water. fleas swimming ciliated embryos the.
become parasite to water-snal Is, slags, etc., generally being
isles by thaw mollusks. After remaining for • certain
tiros, rbir la a snail, embryo becomes waverted Int, •
ownerb lee". 6 ON$ of lirdailo form—ln thb state it has
an alimentary canal, led by • prergs.a of interior haddtng.
" cerearie fern, these sem teje the same form as • dyer
duke • but have no sexual ermine, and In tbirr ant stages
resimaide • tadpole. They ten soda swim and lad their
way into water, where they wain pees by means of eitium
In their head into ewes snail or other nmdbmilt. It now
tares Into& pupa stata rolls basil In • bell sham and now
babe to develops Into • perfect finks, mid on the animal
they &rot/sleeting befog accklietally swallowed by sheep
or other orioles& railways Into the liver.
Voir ipr"aly Zorgiltsi"44 TE4a.r.es";:eg• nher asmisake-nnibies al
eggs to sheep and killed the menthe afterwards
withoat lading a single flake. ',swimsuits have
hew weented abroad with elmlla, reedit t site the free
iZiipisiessia" has been given to sheep with tir
needle,
Ist se Lading the sheep with the
lona become ..,ered into dukes. There is so doubt
but that In this stab Lege ambers find their way into
the sheep's digestive stomach, iliky it4in to the dyer by
the common bile dusk er, perils* the ciwolation
to the liver. like other perasiter ie the * 00Phe bride.
Sheep are especially prose by their belie( lo clor4.7iel
droned. It has bean noticed that haygi .ontig •
note, prow to the disease. It la also ass.. than •
that the ages are carried from one mature to eateler by
triads. raise, Worts, dogs, etc., *onset manta, the freed
omens serried to sonsiderable distance, and dad their way
into ponds, strewn, ditches, and poob of all kinds.
Perrention sad Tnatsseste-411 kinds of physics and
remedies have bleu tried and awaited, MS enterpririeg
farmer in Australia suggeetinirgliatie Infected pasture.
should be horned and the eon fill net 1011.. of course,
that extreme measure would not prevent StriMarthtlae
of asap infected with finks. Liras has brie giyeu,
troughs have been lined with lamp-baisk. Durand's ,
mister& the chief ingretUant of which Is turpeatiee, has
been admisiderid, sad tbes followed by • purgative, but
all them noodle, liege pep Ted unsatisfactory. It has
been nosarlord what imeateity the sell marshes in their
asighbenrband kayo from l*e, there is no doubt that
gall mid sulphate of in,_#re," the fond end
ea easselanalparipatters MOO be mourns nalliedieg
dry feed, am. peas. beans. etc. ; but yet is •
disease el. .leer inegeliy emend sad wet seesea.
at firstimparleses is to separate an WNW lock
to sound pa** • thoroughly draining of the moms
wheys pranficable, &inane, mod look and ssgaration of
those isle**, are the meat* of treatinsat. Is flak*
liver good fer food f I aboabl soy fiesrdedli no, *hooch it
his been eaten by seam as • saveloy dish, We Lave
tworatly bed • ease of /dor in span at the am*
=W. The Ewa, who wss • sative &es oak.
on the highways. whom hreaght into the *IC
Wire, les was invsenwildn and Wearshis
Lia=being *Wag, and
of the lbw, after being
months, he died. Os naiad • pest mew*
of the body, they found no los then 14 lakes itstlE
Ths paper was listened to with mace interest.
---- - - -

Mr Limoonan mid he bogged to be one of the first
to esegniudate Mr. Mess= upon his acionc and
impartastososi which be had kindly reed to than,
the oo.to.iad vita he might say be fully esdorsed.
He was cf opinion NM liz. Mu Mai me of the
principal modes M tasstman mhe nuirtnitd tomt 12
masiba sines, was the of the very
=lwet pedants as mine m He was
bis !pinion with reprd to the migia og the
flan He Manif coosidand that the lire, Memos
afrootod MrsuO the moth= of the circulation, end it
was also well 'mows that the ore, or rather the more
fully-developed larva fano of the Nuke, gains entrance
to the liver, se suggested by Mr. MAINPUOS, prinoiavallez
through the bile deck whin it became hilly de rs