The Press.
London, England, 1853-10-29 00:00:00

11111'SSIAN HAI LWAY'ACCOUNTS.

TM: official survey for the year 1551., just published by the
Prussian I iover ut, gives a statement of averages
which must be highly interesting to the English public,
as anti tilling a Mean* of Colll)kftrilig the management of
tail ily linsiliests here and abroad. In the subjoined %mu-
mmy. the Prussian calculations are reduced to English
measure and currency.
'Petal length of railway. I,sol miles. including 150 miles
of double hue. Cost per mile, 1•2,55 V., iueluding 1.!')101.
for locomotives, carriages, ate. Ilaxituluu, '111,7',V ;
mini tttt tut, 0,1)11)1.
Average number of locomotives, three for every ten
miles; of passengers caniages, seven ; as vans and wag.
goes, reckoned as funs-wheeled, tilts sorer per ten tuiles
of rail. Art-rage not per hwomotive in the year, 13,191
miles. Consumption of fuel, nine cubic feet of wood and
3,154111t5. of coke per 1114) kilts of journey. Maxi 1111 l mof
wood alone, 310 cubic feet, and of coke alone, 1,:e21) Rm.
per 1110 miles of journey.
Average distance of passengers' journey, 9.71 miles; of
transpot of goods, 47 rt.lo. Average passenger's fare,
eighty-eight hundredths of a penny per mile, or 7s. 44.
per 11)11 miles ; average height per ton of goods, 13s.
per WO miles.
Receipts: for fares and passengers' luggage, Ss.;
for freight of goods and cattle, 753/. Os.; tOr sundries, tall.
Os.—total, 1,3751. per mile of line.
Expenses, 037/. per mile of line. Of this sum, 32 per
emt. fur superintending the hue and stations; 14 per cent.
for direetorsbip anti genera] management; percent.
fur coat of transport.
Oros, expense. prima to VII per cent. of gross income.
Average cost of sopa-intending line and stations, and of
general management and directorship. ttSl. 10s. per tulle
of line.
Aver9ve (404 of transport. al. less. 6d. per 100 miles of
journ,y.
1:#1. :a. per Pm miles of journey.
Surplus, 7351. Bs. per mile of line, or sift per cent. of
c tpitatl invested.
Reserve fund, 42•211. per mile of line.
Maximum dividend paid: Magdeburg-Leipsle, 20 per
cent. ; l'pper Silesian line, 10 per cent.

The contractor% of the Paisley Gan Works com-
memorated the completion of the new works on
Tuesday evening by entertaining upwards of WI
gentlemen within the gasometer, which wins suitably
fitted up fur the occasion.

Tllr. CHRISTIANS IN TURKEY.
THE following tirman, whielt was issued live years
since by the Sultan Abdul in favour of his
Protestant suhicets, is at this momenta iloeument tit
considerable interest. 'the privileges thus seemed
to l'rotestants among the Mahotnetans offer mutt'
sugt:estive contrasts with the treatment which the
members of our flint' receive at the hands of certain
Christian allies of thrift Britain:—
'' Most lionounsl t it ier. illustrious connatiler,
of the good 'infer of the world. tlivector of pliblic
with wisdom tool judgment. accomplisher of the Wilma t ant
traitsactions of intinktual with intelligetwe and g, suit
COollotidllbir or the edifice of empire Wit of glory, elitio%vit
by the Moot Ilit.th sill' abundant gifts, and Monaliir,
at
this time, of my gam of fell, toy Vizier Nlelinieil Paelia,
tuAY eitst b" plru.ret to Pt' 'erve him tong
in ornited
" I,l't it he known on 11`el'ilit of this my u.. 1.10 re,„orivi.
that :
" Whereas those of my Christian subjects et Lo hate eiw
lintels' the Protestant faith have outlived intsinvenieneei
and difticultiea, to etiliseillieliee of thew not having hems
hitherto placed under a sl' m'u'te and
and iu e,, sl' of the Pat riarelts mid Primates of their
old creeds. which they have altantloned, not being rata.
rally able to administer their laths.
Whereas, in accessary leve‘ostlailieewith My Imperial
solicitude and towards „t• in al&
jests. it is contrary to my Imperial pleasure that any class
of them sl Id la. exposed to trouble. .‘iia whereas, by
reason of their faith, the iti,itl`,4llltl Pl`l4...tunts form a
sepiolite coin" 1111 l tity. It is in cowaspionee my 11oyN1 plea•
sore, that measures bi• taken for the sole purpose of 'Seib•
biting the tiol 11l i l iintraC of their atfaira, so that they may
lit eiu peace. quiet, anti security. IA then a respectable
and trostmertliv person, Outwit by themselves bout uulom,
their 'twit ition)mr, be appointed with the title of • .Ngent
of the Protestants.' to be attitehisl to the Department of
the NI Mister of Pollee. It shall he the duty of the agent
to ttike charge of the regimer of the members of the oom•
1111 l iity, awl which is to lie kept let the polio. department.
The agent is to register therein all births :mil deaths. All
applicatitais for passports sal marriage liernees, and on
those special iweasions of the e •ty which arr to come
befirre the Sublime Porte, or any other department, are to
be made under the official MCA of the *gill'. The present
meal and moist edict has been especiall• grante.l and
issued (ruin my Imperial climmery. for carrying my pleasure
into exemitiiiii. Item..., thou the also.. imliratrd Monshir,
shalt carry the preceding ordinance into seimpubinti e‘ecti.
ClllllOlllllll4 With the` explanations given. As, laiw•
e've'r, the wipwasnient of tato+ and the thyliti.ry tit pitioipotti
are toilitwt to speeille regulations, thou ~hull out !tomtit
ouiythilig to lie it • m I.lillt rat thereto. Th.in shalt
not huller any tit ear filtrate!' to Is. required of the Pivstes•
tents, for marriage licences or for registration. Thou shalt
Is careful that, like unto the other communities of the em
pire. l'rety facility and required assistance Ise afforded to
them iii all their affairs, and in nll mat il•IMO11111`1.111illg their
eemeteries find places of worship. Tll.lll shalt not permit
any inti.rfenmee whatiffiever, on the part nt any cultic'• imini•
triunity, with their rights or with their religions convents,
nor, in short, with any of their affairm, 14111/.l' secular or ru-
ligi.olll4, in any enamors whatsoever; ill order that they may
he enabled to exercise the images of their faith in security'.
'Haar shalt nut suff'er 1111'111 to he 111111OP/11.11 1.111• iota in ilscse
or in any other matters : and than shalt LC 01144111 and
attentive to maintain them in the desired tinier and
security. The) an' to be' permitted to make those retire•
sentat it ins to the Kuhr whirl' it may Is' 110.1.1.4,1111'y
tli make concerning their oillairt. midi their agent.
After dam bast taken does inattera,
thou shalt cause the prissent toddy reseript to lir registered
iu the proper 411111.1144% Ulla shalt 1'311,1' it (I, Is: I.llllliEllOsil
ill the poitowsitit on of the' all wt•sui,l sultnt•ta, and Ilion shalt
tw careful that the high provisions th. roof I.e al wav s
canivil into due executiom. Thus be it kuot,n sotto thee,
giving full credence to Ilse Imperial signet. 'lone in tli,•
second deetitle of the finerell Montt: of in the
year of the Hegira 1161, at Coostantitioplo the

JUNCTION OF THE ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC.
A RAILROAD has been projected scrums the 1111 l e,
of 1111 l itepee, having for object the union' of the
Atlantic and Pfteitio Oceans. This may be considered
a rival to that for constructing *ship canal across the
Isthmus of Darien, being only second to that work
in practical utility, and far more easy of accomplish
meat. The canal project of Dr. Cullen and Mr. liis•
bona• is indeed now in abeyance, and fears are rea-
sonably entertaimsl that it may be many years before
the *ark can be even commenced, owing to the mot.-
MOM 111111011111. of Capital required, and the present
state of the money market in England and America.
The promoters of the rival plan propose to carry
both a plank road and rail road oeross the isthmus;
and it is stated that, after much negotiatimi, legisla
lion, and arbitration, all obstacles to the opening of
this route have at length been remoted. The &Ai-
tken received from America during the past week
announce that a contract has been concluded for the
construction of the proposed line. The contractors
are Messrs..lames, Sylus, and Co., of Sheffield. The
plank road is to be first built and put into operation.
This is to be completed within twelve months. As
soon as the route is thus opened, the laying down of
the rails will be commenced, and completed %%lain'
the briefest possible time. This will be the shortest
rout«. herweeu New York and San Francisco, and will
doubtless be the favourite with the trmelliiig

From New York to San Francisco, via the Panama
route, the distance is 4,01 miles ; via Nicaragua,
miler; via Tehuantepec, :1,5&)4 uuleu. From
Foglanti to San Francisco, via Panama, the th.tanee
it. 7,50.1 miles ; Vitt Nicaragua, 7,011 and via Taman -
tepee, it,tril miles. The distance from New York
to San Francisco is, via Tehuantepec, Liss miles
nearer than Pittman'. and 717 miles nearer than
Nicaragua. 'rho ,listatice from England to San
Francisco. via Tehuantepec, is s:11 miles less than by
Panama, and 370 miles less than by Nicaragua. New
Orleans is more favourably located in relation to
this mute thanany port of England, or the cart of
New York. in the distance saved. From New Or-
leans to San Fratteiseo, vitt Teltuantepee, the distanee
is 1,4111 miles less than by Panama, and 1,041:1 miles
less than by Nicaragua. The geographical position
of New Orleans is, therefore, not only low" favour-
able as regards total dist:ince. but as regards
saved. It also appears that several steam-ship
owtteiN in %%notice are ready to plaee a line of the
best steno vessels on each ocean, in connection with
the undertaking; and it is thought that, towards the
close of next year, the whole line will be in operation.
The effect of this will be, that whilst the Panama
route will monopolise the trade and truffle of the
south Pacific Oceamtlie Tehuantepec route will com-
mand almost the entire travel and traffic of California
aid the North pacific.