The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1873-01-18 00:00:00

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THE POST•MORTEM EXANfINIXTION.
The &Asia& MedicoPillournal publietilin the fol.
lowing result of the post-mortem examination in a
special issue :
The post-mortem examination of the late Emperor was
made at Camden-place. It was cm. ducted with great care
Dr Bunion Sanderson, F Profess x of Physiolegy iii
University College, London, and Prof...sew-Superintendent
of the Brown Institute, an eminent physician aud pathologist,
whore attendance was specially requested for the purpose.
The esaminetiou ISILB c,indinied in the presence of Sir Henry
Thompson, Dr Honneau, Dr. le BMX. CA•Vi.art. Sir Willi,.
Gull, Bert, air. John Foster, and dir. Clover, and was so
directed no to Include an inveatistatiou of al: the facts and
couditious which could throw light upon the history of the
ea‘e, the uature if d origin of the malady, the immediate
results of the operation, and the immediate and proximal
cause of the disease. We subjoin an official summary of the
results of the investigation.
In such cirrnmstancee, a sad, hut not a trinities satisfac-
tion may be derived from the foot that the results of a
minute, careful, and rigidly impartial investigation testify to
the accuracy with which all the conditions were diagnosed
which are of an order that can be ascertained during life. It
will be observed that the necropsy disclosed that the disease
was, as had been predicted, of old standing. The local con-
ditions of the calculus, its sloe, shape, and proportions. were '
precisely those which had beam diagnosed. Its chemical
character was, as had been stated phoephstio. It appears to
be of a very rare and pecular variety, and for this reason •
more particular account of the calculus is omitted from the
summery. The remaining portion of the calculus is reserved
for a carefril analysis by an eminent chemist, in whose
hands it will be placed. Its physical condition le • matter
of more immediate interest. For it Is important to ob-
serve that the remaining portion bore Ankle% testimony to
the manipulative skill and delicacy with which the neceesary
operative Jiroceediege had been conducted. It had been
dealt with in the manner which is confessedly and evidently
that beat calculated to promote speedy relief, and which
must cause the least possible Irritation, but which involves
such delicate manipulations, that some of the molt skilful
surgeons have doubted whether they can he or ever are
practically carried out. The portiota seised had been com-
pletely crushed at east silting, and newly all had boon sue-
easefully passed away. The calculus had stet been attacked
indiscriminately in different pled* bet as intelligently as if
vision lied guided the touch in one piaoe ,mly at a time:
the bladd, was not, thereforce, encumbered by various
large pieces of calculus, each remaining as sources of inita
Bon, but one half hod been completely crushed and the
detritus was gone, while the chief remaining portion was
single The liuiug metubraue was intact and free from any
abrasion whatever, nor was there any Inflammation of the
;surrounding Unto. the conditlen of tba kidneys was
fraught with peril : It was of that character which is known
to surge ms as being almost inevitably ominous of a speedy
fatal end whatever form of operation be adopted, and whe-
ther any operation be performed or uot. Nor are there any
signs known to science by which the particular condition can
be detected due.; life. The sudden death of the Emperor
was, from the character of the symptoms preceding death,
considered to body* slither to gulden failure of the heart's
action cat. West of the circulation by an embolic blood-clot
The remit of the pug niortern reduces us to the former alter-
native. A detailed statement of the post-mortem examine,
Don below riummsrised will be officially drawn up. The
summery was *lran° up with great care and precielon by
those preemit at the examination, and they were entireb
unanimous in it. It was afterwrads submitted to Sir William
Gull, who was compelled to leave, and therefore unable to
assist in its preparation It will be seen that Sir William
Bull has added to it some observations which are Interesting
to medical science, and which express a particular view re-
specting some circumstances in the probable early history
of the care which am fairly open to discussion. They are
chiefly of etiological interest, and as they do not touch any
of the points on which the treatment of the case necessarily
turned, we need not now enalyea them. In so far that the
necropsy entirely confirms the diagnosis, and justifies end
supports the treatment adopted, its results will be satis-
factory to all, and it is creditable to medical and surgitutl
science that all its predications were proved to be correct,
and its proceedings found to be conducted in • faultless
manner.

The most important result of the examination was that
the kidneys were found to be Involved in the indsmmatory
effects produoeil by the irritation of the vested calculus
{which must have been in the bladder several years) to a
degree which was not suspected and tilt had been supposed.
could not have been ascertained. The disease of the kidneys
was of two kinds there was, on the one hand, dilatation of
both ureters and the pelves of the kidneys; Cu the left the
dilatation was excessive, and had given rise to atrophy of
the glandular substance of the organ. On the other,
there was subaicute inflammation of the uriniferous tubes,
which Will of more recent origin. Toe parts in the
neighbourhood of tha bladder were in • healthy state;
the mucous membrane of the bladder rod prostatie
urethra exhibited signs of sub-acute Inflammation,
but not the slightest indication of itjury. in the interior
of the bladder was found a part of • calculus, the
form of which indicated that halt had been removed. Be-
sides this, there were two or three extremely small fragments,
none of the,a larger than • hemp-seed. This half calculus
weighed about three quarters of an otoce, and measured lj
by 16-16th of an brit There was no disease of the heart
T 44 any other organ, excepting of the kidneys The brain
and its memlyanes were in a perfectly valued state. The
Woo I was geoerally liquid, and contained only • very few
small clots. No trace of obstruction by coagula could be
found either in the venous sottem, in the heart, or in the
pulmonary artery. Death toot place by failure of the elect,
bolo°, and was attributed to the gew rat constitutional state
of the patient The disease of the kidneys—of which this
state was the expresalon—was of such a nature, and so ad-
vanced, that It would in any ease have shortly determined •
fatal reknit

Slimed by all preeent.
J. HURDON N•RDERSON, M.D.
DR. l'o4NE11:.
DR Le RAW N 0)11R1SA1T.
11/34RT
.1 T CLoVICR,
JOHN IoSTER.

Camden-place, ChLse'buret, Jan. 10, 1973, f. 30 pm.
91r William Gull left Camden-place as soon as the autopsy
was over, and was not peasant at the careful consideration
and discussion of tho facts which ensued by the other
medical men assembled. 1,16 records p separate opinion OD
one point only, viz , the origin Of the calculus. In the follow-
ing terms :
" I desire to canner Ibis aphelion that the phosphate of
lime calculus which formed the nucleus of the mass was the
result of the prior cystitis (catarrims vesicle), and not the
cause of it flii, ortelerts was of un minim turati.m, and
may evin have been nio, etc nt than suppwril to the ap-
pended report Itowever this say be, it was encrusted by
two distinct and recent t onetime of crystalline phosphate
The inner incrustation around the amorphous phosphate of
lime was dense, and separated from the enter tocrustation
by a lesser cellular but crystalline deposit of triple phoe-
phate. It seems, to my judgment, more in accordance with
clinical experience to regard the cystitis as the prior lesion,
and that this, by extension, as is common in sinh cases,
affected subsequently the ureters and pelvis of the kidneys.
No doubt, to the later stages of the malady the calculus, big
its formation and increase, was an augmenting cause of the
lesions.
"Tnei other facts and statements I entirely ellgOr'
"WILLIAM W. GULL, 11. D.

"The other facts and statements I et ttrely endorse.

Jan. 10th, 1673."

, wore a sr- placid
and a. seemed aa 11 Awe were a
o bro. New has removed the careworn septet,
2.1 entotalied out many of the Hues made by anxiety and
sorrow. In his death Napolean looks younger than belted
looked SW, the last two }ears of his We. The hair s anent in
slight were above the serene and Aliontinebt forehead. The
moustache and imperial are waxed and pointed, as hi the old
days, bef,re the d frit. vet ment orSerlie. Lockh.ert deacribed
burnhu verse a vitit to the bier of the Firet Napoleon;
how, although 'he had put harness on to die," yet
All of haughty, stern and proud
From his pale brow had fled.
The Frow of the nephew never wore the sternness so charac-
teristic of the 11110lIe• features nor did the former " put
harness an to die." But he Heiner° now In his harueas,
in the after part of the day there was • considerable
number of peopW on Chiselhurst-common, to the neighbbitr-
hood of Camden-place : but at no time WIN there a crowd,
suet the conduct of all was MUM& respectful and decorous.
Of the visitors, apparently most were French people, but
there Wl.' alne not a few Germans, as well as Engliah.

In London, on Sunday, reference wee made, in moral
placed of•werehip, to the death of the Emperor.
SE'. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.

At the morning setviee, Which was attended by •large con-
gregation, the sermon was preached by the Rev. W. Rogers,
chaplain to the Lord Motor, front the 24th chapter of Judah,
and the second verse "if shall be ow with the people, to With
the print" or, as the speaker explained. the passage a. ren-
dered in the margin of the Bible, "As with the people so with
the prince." after observing at the indent that it is most
evident, both from nature as depilated in the constitution
of mart, and from revelation as declared in the Bible.
that different ranks and orders of men are ordained by God,
and adobe that it, spiritual matte], all melt stand on en
equality in the el, ht of the Creator, the reverend gentleman
proceeded as tollows e—Aid here, brethren let us pause, and
let us think of that Prince who, within the tut few days, has
passed awe from this mortal scene; who, though an alien
and foreigner, mught • refuge in this land of liberty and of
order and who, exhausted by the labour. he had undergone
and deserted by fortune, Cane tO die among us tideextra-
ordinary career alone, which savours more of a tale tit tall= es
titan of the mtual history of a man living in our °Wu titles,
whom many of as have seen and path whom many of us were
entente of friendly intervenes*); the en irmous Ibtluenes ex-
ercised by him, nit only over the nation which was sub-
Ji-ct to his control, but also, over thia melon, In fact ore
the whole civilieed world, these circumstimces demand more
than a mere paining remark. Born in • palace, nurtured
under the eye of the remit remarkable man of the day, who
Indeed, stir the nations, who were as puppets In his
hen ' his sinbition wee trflamed, and was teen quenched,
even though he wee destined to wander about .as ass exile
and a fugitive. He felt himself calle•I to • high command ;
the voice of geeing whispered to eint that he should be greai
and atlast the opportunity arose, which he embradwd, anti
beeline the rater of the mighty country which he goveru
for years, till the reverse cane, and he was once more driven
out to seek • hone in • foreisin land, where hi, has Mad. His
sonl has passel Into the presence et the resat Judge; and
whet account he will give of those deeds which are matters of
hietory—the bloodshed through which he passed in ascend-
ing the throne, the thousands of men who, being considered
dangerous, and likely to conspire to the overthrow of the
Empire, were oompelled t i peas their lives in exile, or who
died the victims of unwholesome climates; the poor Prime
who perished on the shores of etexioo, the last great
cstutrophe which, after having caused the death and ruin
of thousand., paralysed for a time the whole nation—theee
are great political events for which it isnot for rut here in
thin place to pass an opinion. And what account that soil
will give of these transactions God the righteous judge
alone can know We propose on the preeent occasion to
draw a veil over them, and to speak rather ail his good
deeds—of the work, of peace he promoted, of the hiffuenes
be exerted to advance civilisation. lie has cote among
us and died anions us. We wept the eoundence he reposed
in no, and a, our guest be hu our charity. Let ethers record
the deeds of darkness ;we will 'Teeter his virtues We sell
dwell upon his subminive conduct under his humiliation,
when ground to the vary duet by miefort nec—br, patient*
In suffering the roost excruciating path, which it appears he
had to endure. His courage in all these reverses prove him
to have been • man, and commend him to one admiration—
above all, claiming our sympathy. Above MI, let as meek
of him as the friend of our own country, anxious at all time.
to be on terms of amity with It. Had he so desired, it is im-
possible to say in whet difficulties he might have involved us
It only required a word from him, and he might have lighted
up the flame of discord which woo ready to burst tat; the
old enmity would have been renewed, the of I wars would
hove been wued, bringing in their train ruin and misery.
But he preferred peace, and took every opportunity of pro-
moting goodwill between the two nations, l'nder his in-
fluence a new order of relations has sprung up. Instead
of the mutual hatred for whi,h we were renowned, and
which was proclaimed to be national, handed down
as an heirloom from father to sou, we ecem every
year to become more united, and we are beginning
to live together as brethren, members of one family.
For this we are in very great measure Indebted to the
Emperor, and for It we bless hie memory. Brethren, that
memory will never be effaced, for it 13 stamped upon the
history of the times. That memory roue • lesson by
which all may protit—prinoes awl people alike. Peleeces wit.,
think that they stand let them take heed lest they fall People
who think that Itberty is to be obtained by revolution and
bloodshed, let them rest sutured that in qiiietome and ce-
ll leete is their strength, for revolntion ends in slavery, and
slavery to disaster and ruin. Way God give us His grace to
read the lesson aright, aim to lay It to heart ; and may Ile
I have mercy on the soul of the poor exile, who has panel
away to judgment 'the prayer of the t:hristian Church Is.;
"In the day of judgment, good Lord deliver him." That
Judgment is fast comb,: upon us all, whet it shall be "so
with the priest so with the penpiti."

WESTM LNSTER ABBEY.
Archdeacon Jenuluge, preaching to Westreinsteeitithhey.
from !Lomats ad., verse let (" I beseech yots these/or.,
brethesn, by the mercies of God, that ye present vow bodjas
a living sacrifice, holy acceptable unto God !shish is Val,
reasonable service", mid we to,, often rec ived the lesson of
daily mortality without Instruction aua without profit.
Within the lest few days God had spoken to us in an especital
manner by the death I tone who at a time of exile from his
own land, and when sojourning in this country, was ealledlo
occupy a throne. Ile was one whose leghms were for a few
years almost the tenor of Europe. and whose reign appeared
to be dimly established. But Lie who ruleth over all, who
pulleth down one an dsetteth up another decided otherwise. In
the Emperor Napoleon we had an instructive example Of the
sad vicissitudes of human lite rind of the transient nature of
human greetneas aid power. Once the guest of our Gracious
sovereign, but • few years elapsed beb,re to adversity, he
sought and found in the country under her sway that safe
asylum which England had never yet mimed to the eons
and daughtors of rola...line. It was but jostles to his
memory to state that through. his life—ln proaminty or
adversity the En( eror Napoleon uniformly laboured
both by Ida policy and personal Influence to soothe
hat bitterness oi feeling which so long existed
between his country and ours. Hews, never otherwise
than a Mend to this country and this cleimmetance, to-
gether with hla accumulated misfortunes, and the quiet,
useful citizen's life he led for a season amongst us, ac-
counted for the general and spontaneous manifests/lien of
sympathy and regret at Ms death by the people of this
country. Goa grant that he might, before he departed benoe,
have presented Ills body, a living escrillen, holy, acceptable
unto God, which was the Christian's service. Let his death
lead us to erubraise the mercies of God without delay.
SI lIREY CHAPEL

Surrey Chapel was crowded at both the morning and after-
noon services, but the preacher. the Rev. Newman Hall,
deferred until the latter any allusion to the event of the
week. Taking his text from Job c. 14, v. Id, "But man
dieth and 6eaelith away: man gioeth op the ghost and
where is he ?" Mr. Hall said—Napoleon Is dead I He whose
abode had been the palace of luxury, and hie seat toe throne
of power—he who for so many years had ruled the destines
of Europe, whose simple word meant simnel peace or
universal war—he, Napoleon, the most conspicuous man of
the age, has goue to his account, and the Impression mad.,
although greet, Is not what it would have been had his death
taken place two years since. The Engliih funds were not af-
fected by his demise, and the French funds actually went up,
because it was Inferred that the difficulty of establishing a
Item Government would be so much tautened by the removal
,1 one great struggler for power. In England, all classes have
felt and expressed deep regret for the death of an Illustrious
exile who hot taken sanctuary amongst them, heedless of
politicel causee or results it is • remarkable fact that for
centuries back French Sovereigns have at intervals found
shelter and refuge amongst the perVe who have falsely been
called the traditional enemies of France. %lug John was
the prisoner, but also the loved and honoured guest of our
chivalrous Black Prince. Louis the Eighteenth came over
here at the head of the great emigration of the tint Revo•
lotion, living amongst us for years the life of an English
country gentleman, and at length being restored to the
throne of his ancestors by our arms. Males the Tenth
died in peaceful exile in llolyrood, and lends Philippe
and his family found a home and resting-place in Clare-
mont. The First Napoleon was first protected by u• at
bibs; and, if he died under restraint at St. Helena, he
had been treated with all the consideration which
the peculiar circumstances of his case permitted. Now
we have to celebrate the °No roles of Napoleon the
Third. In view of the dead, crltictilim le silent and sym-
pathy is universal. The chamber of death It not the place in
which to pass judgment on the illustrious departed Even if
the faulta of the late Emperor were as great su some have
considered them, we mast admit that equally great has been
thelretribution. Deoeived, defeated, his army mattered to
the winds, his empire dismembered and still writhing In the
grasp of the conqueror, himself dying an r exile In a foreign
land, he offers only a sad object for commiseration. Whether
he violated his oath to obtain an Imperial throne ; whether
he armed Fiona, and with an armed nation falsified his
own declaration that the empire was pesos ; whether
and to what extent he is responsible for the present di,,.-
tire of France ; in how far his example encourigad the
moral corruption which hms been the great cause of the
country's weakness; all this all he impartially weighed and
considered hereafter. At present we havo only to express
our regret at the sudden departure from amongst ns of an
illuminate exile and our sympathy with the Widow and the
son who have 'been placed in circumstances of such deep
Mitre's.