The Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1860-11-01 00:00:00

OUT PORTS,

Catherine, Soon, off Staxigs for Liverpool
Wm Merritt, hence at Londonderry for Montreal
Yankee Blade, from New York at Donegal
Matanzas, from Havana, and Flora, from Oporto, both at
Falmouth

Havelock, sailed from Dublin for Civita Vecchia
Greenock, Oct. 30.---Arrived: Strathdown, from Demerara;
Princess Royal, Havre ; Village Pride, New York. Sailed :
John Ferguson, for Demerara
Queenstown, Oct. 31.---Arrived: Gambia, from Callao;
Nuovo Leoss, Constantinople ; Faugh-a-Ballagh, Caen
---- MARITIME EXTRACTS.
LIVERPOOL, October 31.
St. Helena, Sept. 28 : The Impulse, Leavitt, from Calcutta
for Liverpool, was found on the 7th to be making the same
quantity of water, and will have to discharge the whole of her
cargo ; she was to be readx to be hove down in about ten days.
The Oliver Putnam, Smitli, from Liverpool for Calcutta, was
abandoned July 26 ; crew left in three boats in 365., 50E. ; the
boats separated on the 6th, master, second mate, and eight men
in one of them, were picked up by the Koningen Faderland,
and landed here Sept. 10.
The Sarah, hence at Queenstown for Cork, with loss of sails,
bulwarks, stanchions, &c.
The Yns, from Cardenas at Scilly, for orders, windbound.
The Favourite, Ridley, at Callao, with a general cargo,
leaky.
The Eleanore, from Islay at Callao, leaky.
The Lord Burleigh, fur England, put back to Callao, Sept.
17, leaky.

IMPROVEMENT IN GENTLEMEN'S BATS.

TITRES ARN-STREET, LIVERPOOL.

GENTLEMEI4,—I have given your Patent Easy-fitting Hat a
fair trial, and I must say it is the most comfortable hat I ever
wore, particularly when crossing the water in a windy day,
when with the old style of hat I invariably had a headache,
which with your new style is not the case. I can, therefore,
safely recommend it to any one, particularly to those subject
to headache.—l am, gentlemen, yours truly.

I have worn for some time one of the Patented Easy-fitting
Hats sold by Mr. , and I can testify to the advantage
derived from the absence of that unpleasant pressure, particu-
larly on the forehead, usually felt from the hats generally worn.
- House, Cheltenham. (Signed) -.
This letter is from a first-rate English admiral. The name
is not given for obvious reasons.

NOTICE.—Five Pounds Reward upon conviction of an in-
fringement of my Patent. _ _

Simpson's Patent Easy-fitting Hats are only to be had in
Liverpool at No. 6, St. George's-crescent (two doors from the
top of Lord-street), and at 9, Dale-street (opposite Royal Bank
Buildings), and in upwards of one hundred other towns, a list
of which would make this advertisement too long. The Agents
in each place make themselves known.

Our readers have only to send their address to D. T. Barry,
Esq., 77, Regent-street, W., London, and they will receive
gratis and free by poet The "INVALID'S OWN GUIDE" or
Natural Restorer without Medicine or expense, of per k&
digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs and refreshing sleep, to
the most enfeebled, insuring the removal of indigestio (dys-
pepsia), constipation, sickness at the stomach, epilepsy, para-
lysis, debility, nervousness, palpitation, cough, asthma, con-
sumption, dropsy, flatulency, diarrhcca, dysentery, biliousness,
fevers, sore throats, catarrhs, colds, noises m the ears,
rheumatism,gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia.
irritability, sleeplessness, acidity, palpitation, heartburn,
despondency, cramp, spasms, ginking fits, :broil.
chitis ; also ehildren's complaints. " UrAlLestionably the safest
Guide to health."

VOTE FOR THE
BUTTERMAN

THE BITTTERMAN OX 18TH,

Air—" John Gilpiro.)
Oh, Kelly is a citizen ,of very rest renown,
The pride, not only of his own, but every other town;
Now Kelly, tho Ugh it may seem queer, so hard at Work has

been
Of late, that he tor Many years, no holidaylMs Seed,
So, Thursday beings gala day, he thought that he might spare
Himself tbr Once, and so ndt miss so'spleudid fin affair ;
He gave his men a holiday, for 'him 7yeit always find, '
Though on his own amusement bent, to others ever kind.
The morning came, he dressed himself in " gor-ge-ous array,"
And to the spot he thought the best he quickly takes his way ;
The crowd behind the barricades, which formed so dense a mass,
No sootier saw him, than it ope'd its ranks to let him pass;
Thus he obtained a splendid place to view whate'er befel,
And many would have given worlds could they have seen as

well
Now the Artillery brigades, preceded by their guns,
In sight appear, and through the crowd a wondering murmur
runs;
'Twere hard to match in all the world that firm and stalwart
band •
Of warriors, ready, when required, to guard their itatWe land ;
Then came the gallant Engineers, and after them are seen
The Riflemen in uniforms of scarlet, grey, or green:
Each volunteer moves gaily by, and treats with calm disdain,
The mud and cold, and worse than all, the never-ceasing rain.
The Magistrates and Aldermen had all passed by, and then
Arose a cheer, which those who heard will seldom hear again;
For in a noble equipage the Mayor of this great town
Was seated, and with him there came no less than WILLIAM
BROWN,
Whose noble gift on us bestowed on that auspicious day,
Will stand his monment for aye when ke has passed away.
When all was over, wrapt in thought, home went the BUTTER..
MAN,
From what he saw, he took a hint, and formed this little plan,
If fate on him bestow the means he'll act like WILLIAM BROWN,
And will a splendid Butter Place present unto the town I I I !I!
So let the town cry "Long live BROWN," and KELLY, long
live he;
And if he only has the cash, he'll keep his word you'll Nee.

Forty thousand pounds paid for the Library
Forty thousand persons are weekly supplied by Kelly;
A Bonus is periodically announced by the insurance companies
A Bonus is granted in each transaction at the Butter Place:
The run on the Yellow Eightpenny is remarkable,
Its quality is more temarkable ;
nut the most remarkable is the inexhaustible supply.

THE BUTTER PLACE
IS-TOP OF WILLIAMSON*-SQUARE.

YELL! OH! BUTLER THERE
AT BD. PER POUND.
ANY. QUANTITY.

HIGH WATER, THIS DAY, AT LIVERPOOL.
Hour. Height.
MORNING Oh. 4m. i 16ft. 6in.
EVENING Oh. 21m. i 161 t. Tin.

Ely pa 4 Unto.

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1860.

NEWS OF THE • DAY.

A few days ago Baron Brenier, the French Ambas-
sador at Naples, received instructions from his govern-
ment to apply for leave of absence from his post. The
moment he did so, the French admiral on the station
Was appointed to act in his room, the most extensive
diplomatic and other powers being, with this view,
conferred upon him. Admiral de Tinan thus became a
sort of Dictator, acting in the name of his master, the
Emperor Napoleon ; and one of his first acts was to set
off with four line-of-battle ships under his command for
the harbour of Gaeta, in order not only to prevent the
blockade of the place from being enforced, but to prevent
any attack of the fortress by the Sardo-Neapolitan ships,
and if necessary, to sink them. This was the situation
of matters on the 27th, when, according to advices
received last night from Marseilles, Admiral Persano
arrived with his flotilla and commenced a cannonade,
either against the fortress itself, or against some of the
Royalist positions—the telegram does not state which.
No sooner, however, was the firing heard by Admiral de
Tinan, than he instantly despatched a frigate to the
Piedmontese admiral, peremptorily enjoining him at once
to cease firing, a command which he had of course no
alternative, but to protest against, and obey.
One is more curious to have further particulars
respecting this overt act of intervention, inasmuch as
Admiral Mundy, who is also before Gaeta with his
squadron at present, does not appear to have interfered
in any way with what took place.
Some letters from Gaeta, dated the 27th ult., explain
the rumoured evacuation of Capua, by the fact of the
falling back of the army which defends the place, on
the line of the Garigliano, in order to dispute the pas-
sage of that river by General Cialdini. It is also stated
on the same authority, that the Royal troops claim to
have derived an advantage over the Piedmontese
advanced guard in the combat of the 25th, the latter
having, it is said, five pieces of cannon, and the former,
preserving the position they formerly occupied previous
to the engagement. The King is likewise stated to
have withdrawn the chief command of his troops from
General Ritucci, and to have conferred it upon General
Sabymo, an act which has not a particularly satisfac-
tory bok ; and to have himself joined the army in the
evenig of the 27th, together with the Princes, his bro-
thers, with the view of their being all present at another
great Tattle that was imminent.

Th Warsaw Conferences continue, as will be seen by
our degraphic column, to receive their full share of
attention, discussion, and speculation. A communica-
tion 13in Vienna mentions that the Austrian Minister,
Coun Rechberg, has given " explanations" to the
Diplcnatic Corps, in reference to what passed at the
interiew between the three Sovereigns and their
repreentatives ; but the information alluded to
is cotfined to an enumeration of three questions
whicl were put by Austria to Russia and
Prusae. Not a word is said as to the replies that were
made to these enquiries, or whether any were given.
This s rather tantalising certainly. Some fuller par-
ticular are, however, promised in the shape of circulars
to beaddressed by the Austrian Government to her
represntatives abroad ; but we greatly doubt if it will
be juged convenient to make the whole truth known
at the present moment, even in this conventional and
authoatitive form.

Th( Patrie, of yesterday evening, reiterates, with
great appearance of authority, that Austria positively

intends to confine herself to .a defensive policy, and
states that General Benedek, on whom the chief Com-
mand of her army in Italy has been conferred, ig
instructed accordingly.
. Major O'Reilly, Who commanded the late St.l3ittrick's
Battalion, has arrived in London; and writes to the
74,,;he5, hating that. the expense of bringing honie the
brigade has been, and is being defrayed by the Pontifical
Government and the Irish people.
The Times says some persons doubt -if a new Indian
loan of '£3,000,000 is to be .brought forward. At this
moment the intentions of the Government with
regard to the requirements' for the China war will
probably be dependent on the tenor of the telegram,
now eipeetedi regarding the result of the attack on the
Taka forts:
We regret td afttioanbe the death, at ofie &abet
yesterday morning, at his residence at It ensingtob, of
the t arl of Dundonald: The deceased nobleman was in
his 85th year. He sncceeded his father as Earl of Dnn-
&Maid in 1831, and became Vice-Adiiiral of the Blue
23rd IsiVvember; 181. Ire was appointed a bininiarider-
in-Chief on the• North Imeridan and West India
station iii iB4s. In 1851 he became Vice-Admiral of
the White, and in 1854 Rear-Admiral of the United
Kingdom. Besides his other honours, he is Baronet of
Scotland and Nova Scotia, of 1673; G.C.8., 1847 ; Grand
Cross of the Imperial Brazilian Order of the Cruzero ;
Knight of the Royal Order of the Redeemer of Greece,
and of the Order of Merit of Chili. He long ago in-
vented a projectile for blowing up and annihilating fleets,
which Was submitted to the doveninierit; Mid it is !said
that it is Bo tOrertheitiiiiigij deartielii;esi that at ilie per-
Sdnai ieiiitest Of 6eorge he not only abstained from
using it, but pledged his honour to his Majesty that
he never would use it without the Elncti9ll of cue
Crown. Lord Dundonald is known to have suggested
several valuable hints for the improvement of our steam
navy. During the late war with Russia, his lordship
wrote to various members of the Government, offering
to destroy Sebastopol in a few hours, with perfect
security to our own forces; but his plans, after eitaniitia:
tion by a eddiraitted, were 'rejected by 'the rGoternment.
.aiVeos to be somewhat doubtful whether the
Prince of Wales *ill enter the Cambridge tTniers4 as
a member of the College .0f *hich the Prince Othisort is
an honorary inenitier, the itithoilties at Trinity College
not Yet, it is acid, having received any official infor-
mation on the subject; and a rumour is abroad that ho
will place his name on the boards of Magdalene College.

•*« We are reluctantly compelled to postpone
our report of the Borough Quarter Sessions, held
yesterday, and several other matters of interest.

IGNORANCE AND ITS CONSECWENCES:

ThE Etnnirersary Meetings of nieohanicsi insti=
tOtimis thronghont the country, p're'sided over
occasionally by some 'fink arStirigniilie'd
statestifen, 'and 1 iiiembers o ille ieesiabire;
'Mire berg PlroPeriY, and, we hope, profitably,
been made occasions for directing the 'public
mind to the all-important topic of education for
the people and the fearful consequences flowing
from popular ignorance.

On one or two preliminary points, all seem
to be agreed. No one worth listening to
denies that a very large of the
people gkOW tip in a defiCient state Of caned-
flea, or with no edncation at all deserVing
the name. We say this, not without kno4fing
that a very *ell Meaning sectidn of the religious
world are in the habit of perverting criminal
Stlitistics, so as to give colour to their favourite
assumption, that what is commonly designated
education is of no avail in the reformation of
criminals, or in the prevention of crime. In their
zeal for religious training they too often run into
the extreme of ignoring, if not also deprecating
the effects of general education; at least as 'regards
its moral bearings on the masses. Now, it is not
to be denied that any systein of education, to be
sound and efficient, must include Moral arid
religions instruction, bUt certainly 'not as a sUb--
stitnte for, Or to Snell' an eitent as to throw
into the ihide the importance of, what is called
secular education. What, then, is the state
of the facts ?" In the first place look at the
rising generation. What proportion of the
children in this country of boasted intelligence
is in the receipt of any instruction, even the
most primary ? and how many are left to grow
up in our midst in positive ignorance? Only
one in nine' is the subject Of the inoet 'ordinary
instruction.; while eight out of every nine la
utterly neglected.! Can any educated man in his
senses contemplate tlie fact that eight-ninths of
the whole population are reared in such
a Slate of mental darkness, without a
shudder, and without a sense of shame ?
It is manifest that there must be tOnie-
thing egregiously wrong in the administra-
tion of affairs. As a nation we spend millions
per anntni out of the IMperial exchequer in the
shape of grants to universities, colleges, and
schools. We clamour for pensions and endoW-
ments to literary and scientific then and institu-
tions, and fOr the repeal of the paper duty as a
tax tipon knowledge. And yet what is the
result ? Eight-ninths of the population are
allowed to go without the very elements of useinl
knowledge ! The cry is in favour of amusements
for the people, and for decreased hours of Mont..
Under the name of Reform some 'demagogues
demand that the franchise shall be degraded by a
measure of extension, all but equivalent to uni-
versal suffrage. Instead of seeking to raise the
condition of the people, so as to qualify them for
the present low electoral test, it has been thought
likelier to catch the popular mind to agitate for a
lowering of that test to suit the degraded condi-
tion of the mass, of whom so very large a pro-
: portion is altogether uneducated. Reform we
tettainly do need, and of Reform in a sound
sense we are the warmest advocates. There is no
Reform more needed than in the application of
the annual grants for !education. There is no
wider or more important sphere for the efforts of
genuine Reformers than that vast dark mass of
ignorance which sits brooding over the minds of
the population of the United Kingdom.

What are the natural fruits of such a state of
matters among the people ? We have repeatedly
had occasion to point to the established relation
between crime and ignorance. When last we did
so, it was to clear ourselves front an erroneous
charge brought against us by a contemporary.
We advanced the fact that ninety-nine out of
every hundred of our criminal population are
uneducated, from which we drew the inevitable
inference that a very large proportion of the
crimes recorded in our prison calendars is to be

traced to ignorance and want of educational
training. This a contemporary chose to dis-
pute, urging that religious training alone
is required, or likely to avail, either for pre-
vention or reformation. While fully recog-
nising the value of religion in education, we
could not agree with such a partial and one-sided
argument. The views we have in variably and
consistently supported received a most valuable
confirmation from Lord STANLEY the other day,
when, speaking of the advantages of knowledge,
he said—" One observation I may offer on that
head. It is not founded on theory, but on such
practical experience as chance has thrown in my
way. I have acted for more than four years as
chairman of the Kirkdale Quarter Sessions. In
that
casceasp, ofacity I have tried several hundreds
of
that kind which usually come
before the inferior tribunals ; and nothing
has struck me more forcibly than the stu-
pidity (I can use no other word)--the utter
want of intelligence and common sense--inability
to comprehend consequences, which characterise
the vast majority of those who are brought up
for offences against the law. It is quite the
exception to find a criminal whose understanding
comes up to the average of his class, and it is
equally the exception to find one who is not
given to intemperate habits. Surely from that
fact it is a reasonable inference that whatever
you do to diminish the temptations to drunken-
ness—and idle habits lead more than anything
else to drunken habits—and whatever yon do to
increase the intelligence of men, is so much
done towards the diminution of at least the
more gross and vulgar forms of crime—which,
bear in mind, are numerically nine-tenths of the

wholes It is not the mere power of reading and
writing that will do this; but it is a thoughtful
habit of mind, a wider range of interests and
ideas, a habit of looking to the future as well as
to the present—it is the having some other
pleasure than that of physical excitement, and
some other matter of thought besides the daily
routine of work and food and sleep. Hundreds
have said this before, and will again ; but it is
truth, and, till acted on, truth cannot be told too
often." Will our contemporary charge Lord
STANLEY with irreligion and infidelity because
he dares so clearly to trace the relation existing
bet Ween crime and ignorance ?
The great want of education among the masses
and its deplorable consequences, having been
ascertained, there remains the vital oitiestion as to
the easiest and most effective remedy. In the
first place there is a crying injustice in the man-
' ner of applying the educational grant, whereby at
present hundreds of thousands of pounds are
squandered annually on those who are:able to help
themselves, while the class neglected, occupying a
position between those who are actual paupers
and those of that elaSs -which Lord DERBY aptly
Called a decent poverty;'; are denied a fair share.
Pot every Shilling no* gtaiitki to Ragged Schools
there ought to be pounds. But it may safely be
queitioncd bow far any direct system of Govern-
mentu-b-ether meet the diffi-
interference will
diffi-
culty. No one has hitherto been able to invent a
scheme satisfactory to those who reject the idea
Of a purely secular education, and at the sank
time such as will i6.ti4 the thOilb Who
oppose any system liesed ilpdti they con.:
sdr sectarian or unsound religious principle.
In the face of these serious difficulties in the way
of adopting any direct system, it has been sug-
gested that what may bo termed an indirect com-
pulsory system might be advantageously resorted
to. Society, it has been argued by a veteran
advocate in the cause of education, has a
right to insist that none of its members shall be
allowed to grow tip in gross ignotance-any more
than in a state of semi-nudity or jiroximate
Starvation. Accordingly it has been suggested
that it shoiild be declared. illegal for any employer
to accept the services of any youth not possessed
of a &Rain amount of elenieritti4 education.
Into the details of this proposition we shall not
at present enter. These have been ably expounded
and defended by one who, for the last quarter of
a century, has taken an active interest in the
welfare of the people—JAMES ADAM, Esq., of

the Aberdeen Herald—and we must, in the mean-
time; content ourselves by referring to his pub-
viesVs oii the question: It is Clearly
incumbent on the people of this country; and
especially* oti Mir leAdhig. giat'eetheri; td gi4pple
closely and teezleisV *WI this groat qUestion,
until some satisfadtory solution of it has been
attained. Our continued pre-eminence and glory
as a people greatly depends upon the removal of
this growing evil of ignorance and its criminal
consequences, which like a canker now eats into
he very heart of our national prosperity and
iness. .

happ

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRANCE.
(Fii.ou OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
. , , 15A.Rig;Idet: di.
A Very important despatch from Vienna re=
lative to the Vie*s and intentions of Austria as
respects her interests in Italy, was received here
last night.
This document, after repeating that the military
dispositions taken with respect to Austria are,
notwithstanding their importance, purely de-
fensive, explains 'that Austria now comprehends
that she must completely abandon her ancient
policy in Italy) and that she asks to be allowed
to substitute for her exclusive protectorate the
collective action" of Europe; She therefore
offers; as one of the Ave FreatPowers. to ton* to
an ulider4anding *ith the Otheiii subject
of the measures which should be taken. with
reference to the abriornial events which have
been recently " accomplished" so far as Venetia
is concerned. Austria affirms, it is said, that her
confederates and her allies recognise her rights
in the most absolute manner, and she declares
that in case of attack that province will be
energetically defended.
The Bth corps of the Austrian only, of *hid'
the Archduke Albert IA about to take the
com-
mand, is to be reconstituted. Ita.head-quarters
will be at Padua, and the various brigades of
which it is composed will be echeloned bet Ween
that City and. VeniCe.
Newshas likewise been received of the"‘ adjourn-
ment" of the secret expedition. of Peneral TUrr.
The OrderS given for it byadribaldi, on the 21st,
have
been recalled. This is very important, and,
let me add, very necessary.
The following letter from Verona gives an
account of the present position of the Austrian
forces in Italy, with a view to the defence of
Venetia

Austria is making important military preparations.
After the arrival of each ordinary train, there enters the
station a separate train, Vaich,conveys batteries of rifled
cannon and of war material. There is a continual ping
and coming a expresse.Military men speak of an
attack against Piedmont as imminent. The following
are the localities in which troops are concentrated :—On
the great road which leads frora Verona to the fortress
of Legnano, a corps is stationed at St. Gio, Lupalotto,
Bavalone, and Cerea. The Star is at Isola della Scala,
on the great road from Verona ti. Ostiglia, and a cavalry
,
corps is stationed at Cadidavida aid BUttapieire. On
the great road froth Isola della Scala to Mantua, a de-
taahmen't is at Erba and Nogarola. On the great road
from Mantua to Legnano, a corps is encamped at
Sanguinetto.
The following extract from th)Military Gazette
of Turin will give some idea of theetvit of the
military preparations that itA iaVv being made
by Piedmont:—
Ali the officers connected with the Government are
redoubling their activity in order to be prepared for
whatever may happen. An enquiry has been made to
ascertain the locales which will be available at Turin,
Milan, Genoa, and Florence and Bologna, for depots of
arms ; and as regards the redistribution of the various
corps d'arme'e, the Ist has been augmented by a suffi-
cient number of troops; and the 13th Division, which
is to be taken :from the 4th Corps, and joined to the
Ist, is to be immediately armed with rifled muskets of
this year's pattern. In a few days the Emulation will
arrive from Stockholm at Genoa, laden with 100 heavy
siege guns cast in that city, with various other guns of
different calibres, and an enormous supply of marine
stores. Through the agency of the house of Rocca, a
new contract is to be concluded for the furnishing of
50,000 rifles, of the latest pattern; and both at Genoa
and at Florence a laboratoire has been established, similar
to that at Turin, for the making of cylindrical hollow
balls and cartridges. Ten millions of percussion caps have
been called for, from St. Omar, and all the contractors of
these supplies have been entreated to observe the utmost
punctuality in executing the orders entrusted to them.
The 23rd and 28th battalions of Bersaglieri are called
upon to form part of the 12th division on active service.
The staff is engaged in studying the topographicalplan of
the fortress of Gaeta, and the members are consulting,
along with other works, the " Memoirs of King Joseph,"
in which the blockade and assault which the town suf-
fered in 1810 are described.
A decree of the 17th Oct. inserted in the Bul-
letin de Loire, opens for the benefit of the Minister
of the Navy, for the service of 1860, an extraor-
dinary credit of 33,354,500 francs to provide for
the expenses resulting from " unforeseen" arma-
ments, and for the sending of provisions, and the
transport of troops, " necessitated by the events
of China and Syria." The French people will be
apt to think that the going to war for an " idea"
is a very expensive amusement ; but Syria and
China will have to make good the outlay in some
shape or other, or I am very much mistaken.
Nothing but volunteers will go down even in
Paris. By order of the Minister of War, volun-
teers have been called for to fill the vacancies
made in the 2nd battalion of Chasseurs a Pied]
and the 101st and 102nd Regiments of the line
in China, and the call has been very largely
responded to.
Among the improvements recently introduced
into the Opera, the electric telegraph is to play
an important part. A communication will, by
this means, be established between the Cabinet of
the Minister of State (Home Secretary) and that
of the manager ; another electric wire, communi-
cating between the principal hotels and the com-
pany's office, will permit foreigners to secure
places as soon as they arrive in Paris; and finally,
the prompter, from his troll, will be able, by the
aid of the electric wires, to warn the actors in
their box when their presence is required on the
stage.

THE WARSAW CONFERENCE.
(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
WARSAW, Saturday Morning.
The Conference has terminated somewhat sud-
denly. Although I do not pretend to know all
that has passed in the course of the different
conversations which have taken place between the
Sovereigns or between their diplomatic representa-
tives, of this I am certain, that nothing more
than conversations has taken place. I need not
again refer to • the many ridiculous rumours
of coalitions, intimate alliances, armed interven-
tions, material guarantees to be given to Austria
who was to be urged to take the initiative in a new
struggle for supremacy in Italy with the promise

of at least a moral support, &c., which were in
circulation. All these rumours have turned out
to be pure fables.
' The Warsaw meeting, you may depend upon
it, will never rank among the number of those
interviews between Sovereigns which have in-
fluenced the destinies of Europe. Further, lam
of opinion, that a great many of the different
personages who have taken part • in it, are
delighted that such is the case. The first idea
that the interview suggested was, that of a
personal reconciliation between the Sovereigns of
Austria and Russia. Alexander 11. meant nothing
more this, but Austria thought the interview
might possibly be turned to account for far more
important purposes—but in this she was mistaken.
At the same time, I have little doubt, the two
Emperors parted on better terms and with more
sympathy and interest for each other, than when
they first met ; that this meeting, in short, has
resulted in a decided improvement of the relations
between them.

On the other hand, I believe that Russia was far
from liking the fit-fitness with which the Prince
Regent refused to depart from the (titan& which
he has taken on the Italian question. I have eied,
reason to believe that Prince Gortschakoff re-
gards the present movement in Italy merely as
a storm which is passing over the peninsula ; but
in this, I am thoroughly satisfied, this statesman
is entirely deceived. The King of Naples and
the Dukes will not re-enter their States until
their people call them ' • this is a point on which
everybody is agreed. Now, the inhabitants of
Italy show very little disposition to take this
stepi and I would not give much for their chance
of restoration. _ _

As for Austria, in spite of all the rumours whibh
have been circulated in Paris, and of the pretended
mission of IM. de Hubner, it is quite certain that
Austria is at this moment little disposed to take
4-I,e initiative in a new war in Italy. Besides,
the influence which the internal

who can foresee 7 Vienna will
refothis Whieh hate been deemed RI! .
ha'ie 14 the eitteftlai. P %'9a
think tliai *llea ilie Die Of Creitl4;
and of &Ole id
were it only by their delegates to the Gdidci.
the Empire, upon the budget, the taxes, and tne
loans, that they will be at all disposed to make
sacrifices ? Ido not say to restore the Grand Dukes
and the King of Naples, but even to defend Vene-
tiaP What is Venetia to the Mingarians or to
the Croats? The Sovereigns and the diplomatists,
in discarding eventualities from q'iestions debated
at Warsaw,. have thus given proof of their great
wisdom.

However that may be, Russia did not, perhaps,
expect to find Prussia so firm on the subject of
Italy; whilst Austria probably believed that she
would find Russia more alarmed on the subject
of France. To Aura up the whole matter, the
interview bet Ween the thr6e great sovereigns of
the northat -Which it was desired to see,
.0:
re-constitution of the Holy Alliance—is much
more likely to:result in a tightening of the tie
which binds. Prussia to England, and in dimin-
ishing the disti*t that„ prevails between Russia
and France. 6+erits 44+Eiticp,so rapidly in
the present day, that the most iMportniiit Tesqk
tions for their control, often become entirblST
less and barren of results,—just at the very
period fixed for their coining into operation.

FILIBUSTERING IN CHINA.
(PAW& dolt the ddhittsPcinlENT.l
SHANGHAI; Ang: 16, 1860.
A hancifiii of adVentiirera iii this country have
succeeding iii aecjniritig dui rinenviable and san-
guinary.reiiiitatidn.,.,,Schr(e of them have taken
service with the rebel hordes; add Ode birelir
any intelligence of them. Somethilei the imik:
rialists observe them charging at the head of a
troop of Tai-pings with that western impetuosity
to which the apathy of the natives of the east
can scarcely ever oppose any effectual resistance ;
but it is not exactly known what they are doing.
Others of these filibusters have placed their
valiant swords at the service of . the Chinese
Government; and aitiongst these latter an Ameri-
can, named Ward, has achieved special renown.
He has collected around him a band of 400 or 500
Tagals, natives of Manilla, and a dozen or so
of sailors belonging to the different navies of the
West. He and his men were paid by the Toutai,
the goiierncir df Shanghai, 530 taels a month, that
is to say $120; and lie had the title of colonel.
Eaeli of the Maiiillog had a fixed pay or 30 taels,
or lid a tiionth, but that Was riot all. When
Ward took any town on behalf of the insurgents,
he always received a gratuity proportioned
to the value of the service which he had
rendered. Thus the taking of Sing-kiang was
worth to the noble colonel the sum of £3,500.
With such gifts as these, the ardour of men much
more scrupulous than Ward no doubt is, might
well be stimulated. The town of Tsing-pou, in
the neighbourhood of Shanghai, was taken by the
rebels. The Toutai was nervous about the affair,
but Ward set abort tranquilising his Excellency,
Arid ihidertdok the work with the greatest confl-
' clence and assurance of success: A aiini of L 12,000
was to be his personal recompence. Arriving at
Tsing-pou, he gave a signal for assault, and he
was reeeivea a shower of balls ; but Ward is
thoroughly brave, and he showed himself worthy
of the confidence of the Toutai. Twice was he
driven back, and twice he returned to the
charge, At length he succeeded in scaling the
wall; aCconlpapied by only 50 of his people, when
he found himself face to fade with the chief of
thee Tai-pings. He at once fired at hini the two
last shots in his revolver, but missed ; wheti; td
his infinite surprise, his adversary, addressing
him in excellent English, said: " You d-d
rascal, I'll show you that I can fire better than
you ;" and with that he fired two shots at him,
his first ball smashing the jawbone of the colonel
to pieces, and the other entering his thigh,
Ward, notwithstanding his -Wounds; succeeded iii
making his escape; but most of his Men were
killed. He is at present at Shanghai; and as he
has S. tough Constitittioii it is iirolial3le that in 4
few weeks he will be again on his legs, arid Arid
himself at the head of a band of brigands,
thoroughly ready to avenge his defeat. Let
him, however, beware of his filibustering com-
patriots who are serving on the other side.

PROTEST OF FRANCIS 11. AGAINST THE

BLOCKADE OF GAETA.

Several diplomatic documents of the govern-
ment of Francis IL, of which short but imperfect
telegraphic Summaries have been given, are now
pubtislied: the following circular
addressed by the Minister of Foreign OairA trl
the representatives of the king at the variMii
courts of Europe, relative to the hlOckUdo,brit4
Messina and Gaeta:: This is doeiinierit *WM
rterizeir Uddiiionai interest from the fact that
the
,justice and logic of the line of argument
employed, appear to have been recognised, to
some extent, by both, the French and English
Governments :

The Government of his Majesty has not learnt that a
proceeding so altogether contrary to the law of nations
has been recognised by any of the representatives of
foreign courts ; however, he thinks it is his duty to pro-
test, in the most energetic and explicit manner, against
this fresh outrage against the principles which constitute
the basis of the existence of nations.
The legitimate Sovereign of the two Sicilies, com-
pelled, in consequence of a most scandalous invasion,
-to defend himself within the military line from Capua
to Gaeta, is not only attacked by land, by the revolu-
tionary forces, but vessels of his own navy are sent to
combat with, and to blockade, him. The European
Powers knew better than to recognise a blockade decreed
by an illegitimate power, in order to impose on other
nations the sacrifice of liberty and free navigation, and
the interruption of their commerce. Garibaldi does not
represent a Government. Naples revolutionised is not
a nation. The only nation recognised by treaties is the
kingdom of the two Sicilies, and the Sovereign of that
kingdom, recognised by all the monarchs, is at this
moment at Gaeta. _ _

The Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Revolutionary
Government which is established in Naples, addressed,
on the 6th inst., to the Consular and Diplomatic Corps,
who represent the Powers friendly to the King, my
august Sovereign, a note in which the blockade of
Messina and Gaeta is declared, and in which is also
announced the despatch of vessels of war necessary to
make the blockade effectual.
The blockade of Garibaldi is therefore illegal, and it
behoves no nation to accept its consequences for the ille-
gitimate acts of maritime hostility, and the arbitrary inter-
ruption of the commerce of neutrals, are, according to
the law of nations, manifest acts of piracy. It is not
possible that civilised Europe in the 19th century can
tolerate piracy in the Mediterranean, and it cannot for a
single instant be admitted that the maritime powers can
view with indifference facts which overthrow the prin-
ciples of public and international law acquired at the
price of so many struggles. It is with entire confidence
in these principles that the undersigned Minister of
Foreign Affairs, by order of his sovereign, addresses
himself to your excellency, charging you to be so good
as to make known the contents of this despatch to your
government.

THE KIRKDALE SESSIONS.—At these sessions, held in
the Court of Kirkdale yesterday, Prince le Bouillon
occupied a seat on the bench with the noble chairman
and his brother magistrates.
ACClDENT.—Yesterday afternoon, between five and
six o'clock, a young gentleman, whose name we were
unable to learn, fell from the top of an omnibus in
London-road, and sustained severe injuries. He was
removed, in a state of insensibility, to the shop of Mr.
Jones, druggist, where his wounds were attended to.
A grand wrestling match came off on Monday last at
Matthew Walker's Strawberry Gardens, West Derby-
road. There was a very large attendance for heavy
weights. George Scott was the successful winner for
the splendid silver cup ; and John Graham, for light
weights, took the head prize. Other prizes were also
awarded.
THE NEW DUBLIN MAIL STEAMER MUNSTER.
Messrs. John Laird and Sons, of Birkenhead, have just
completed the magnificent steamer Munster, the last of
the three built by them for the mail and passenger traffic
between Holyhead and Kingstown. The Munster, in
all respects the fac simile of the Ulster (said to be the
fastest steamer afloat), is expected to matte a trial trip
during the present week.

TICE COTTON PLANT OF SOUTH CAROLINA.—The above has
been beautifully illustrated on the back of a playing card fon
the present season, by Messrs. De La Rue and Co. from ar
original drawing by a Liverpool gentleman, and published by
Messrs. Agnew and. Son. J. M. and Son have received a large
stock. N.B.—A
and Son, 4, Castle-street.
good playing card from is 6d. J. Mawdsley

VOTE 'OR THE BUTTER* 4141

LATEST N-Rwsi.

(BY BRITISH AND IRISH MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.)

FRANCE.

PARIS, Oct. 28.

Count Kisseloff is expected here to-night from
Warsaw. After All Saints' Day, the Count will
proceed to Compiegne for a month.

THE FRENCH FUNDS.
PARIS, Oct. 30, 3 35 p.m.

The Bourse opened firm, and Funds have irti-
Proved. Rentes, which were first quoted 69f.15e.,
Closed at 69f. • 25c., or a quarter higher than
yesterday.

HUNGARY.
VIENNA, Oct. 31.

The official Gazette contains an imperial decree,
dated the 30th instant, appointing the different
dignitaries of Count Maylath, Count Francis
Zieky; junior, Colint Andrissy, and Count Var-
koci,yr: Atidther decree appoints thirty-nine pre-
bincial judges dnd six refrandaries to the Court
of Chancery.