The Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1860-08-07 00:00:00

THE JULLIEN FUND.

To, those who take an interest in this movement it
must be gratifying to know that the concert held last
Tuesday at the, Surrey Gardens, London, was a great
success, there being nearly 15,000 persons present.—
Madame Jullien, the widow of the late composer, is at
present in Liverpool making arrangements for a-grand
,promenade concert, which we believe will shortly be
held at the Zoological Gardens, at which Prince George
Galitzin will do the henours of the chef d'orchestre.
The programme will shortly be announced, and we
have no doubt it will be of such a character as to
draw a crowded audience, and ensure a large addition
to the fund.

The corner stone of a Masonic Hall has been laid at
Todmorden.

ACCIDENT.—James Cullen, a labourer, residing at
21, Ford-street, was knocked dowii by a woman in the
same street, and sustained a fractured leg.
The Cunard steamship Olympus, which arrived at
Liverpool a few days ago from Constantinople, brought
several thousand Turkish medals for distribution among
the British army. A
scheme has been propounded for the establishment
of waterworks at St. Michaers-oli-Wyre, to supply
Blackpool, Fleetwood; and Lythain with water from the
river Wyre.
• FATAL ACCIDtNt—On Monday week, a man named
John Love fell off a ladder in Hunter-street, and died
yesterday, in the Northern Hospital from the effects of
the injuries he received.
LIVERPOOL EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY, MOUNT-
PLEASANT.—ConsuIting Surgeon, Hugh Neill,, Esq. ;
Surgeons, Dr. R. Hibbert Taylor, Dr. D4revins, T.
Bickerton, Esq. ; Assistant Surgeon, Robert Batty,
Esq. ; Treasurer, S. G. Livingston, Esq. Report
for the week ending August 4, 1860 :—New cases:
Eyes, 94 ; Ears, 42. Prescribed for, and received
Surgical assistance : Eyes, 418 ; Ears, 146.
LIVERPOOL DISPENSARIES:—New eases received
advice and medicine at the institution : North, 273;
South, 174 ; total, 447. New eases visited at their own
houses and Supplied with medicine : North, 80 ; South,
56 ; total, 136. Rev. Rector Campbell, A.M., Pre-
sident; Captain Bourne, Vice-President of North
Dispensary; Mr. R: A. Payne, Vice-President of South
Dispensary ; Mr. Francis Mill, Treasurer ; Mr. F. H.
Langley, Secretary.
CAUSING THE DEATH OF 'A WIFE.—On the night of
the Bth July, a woman named Mary Gallagher, the wife
of a man who lived in Sumner-street, was stabbed by
him with a knife in several parts of the body. She was
taken to the Royal Infirmary, where she died yesterday
from the effects of the injuries. The husband is in
custody. An inquest will be held on the body this day.
The details of this case were published at the time of
the transaction, and all arose out of drink.
A t the lolintshire Assizes an action was heard, the
object of Which
was to recover £3,500 damages for
injuries sustained by the wife and family of Mr. John
Heywood, surgeon, of Flint, whose death was caused on
the 25th December, by the alleged negligence of the
London and North Western Railway Company. The
deceaseil, it will be remembered, was run over by a train.
at the Flint station.---The jury retnrned a verdict for the
plaintiffs, damages £7OO, to be divided thus—.£2oo for
the widow, and £125 for each of the children.

RA*AND ' MIRACULOUS ESCAPE.—
On SaturdaylLw AY ACCIDENTan RA
accident
occurred' on the' line froth'
matileas
'ef7ornssin thge nfoerarmejr3esear.:
place.
Southport to Manchester,five
Lane, about four or
afternoon, conveying a large
at, usual speed until
The train, which left Southport for Manchester at half-!
past four o'clock in the
its
number of passengers. proceeded
for vehicles and where there is a level crossing
it arrived about 500 yards past Bescar-lane Station,
pedes-
trians. At this point there arc
gates on each side of the
railway, on which a caution
is
inscribed that they
must be kept closed. When thetrain arrived within a
short distance of the crossing, a fm
but, through the negligence of the driver
horse and cart, was endeavouring toat servant, with a
pas, the animal and
s over the line ;
vehicle could not be got to the opposite side in time to
clear the train, which was close upon thespot. The
consequence was, the engine struck the
off
of the vehicle, which was dashed forward for a short
The engine
distance, but did not get clear of the ling. I
again struck the cart, which was shattered to pieces,
side wheel
the horse killed on the spot, and the locomotive
was forced off the line by the collision, tearing up
the rails for about 50 yards, and plunging, as it were,
into a deep bed of sand, carrying with it one or two
carriages. As may be supposed, the passengers were
greatly alarmed, and at first it was supposed.that human
life had been sacrificed: Indeed, from the nature of the
occurrence, such a conclusion was only reasonable, but
we are glad to state that no one experienced more than
a severe shaking, with the exception of the engine-
driver, who• was slightly hurt en 'the' breast. The
railway officials were immediately made acquainted with
the accident, and means were at once adopted to put the
line in working order. This, however, was a work of
much time and trouble, and the traffic was greatly inter-
rupted until Sunday morning, When the trains
passed
to aid fro as usual.. - .

THE EISTEDDFOD WHAT IS IT ?

(111;63i 63RAISPONDENT.) •
• DENi3I(4I4 August 6, 1860.
This institution is probably the most ancient Of the
institutions of Britain. The of the earliest ages
had their Eisteti;bdatt,
and the institntion was upheld
thro
the tut-mega of the iniddle ages until a century
Or two ago. An Eisteddfbd is a tonipetitiVe meeting of
bards and the iitemt,i, presided ot'er hjc idjialiCalors or
judges, Who bade Orl the relative merits of the
poems arid the treatises sent in - for competition. Com-
petitive Meeting's of this nature maT be, of great value
and iniportancOn a-country, emerging from a state of
comparative barbarism and igtierdrlce, Sr in a country
where the arts and sciences are understood in a, pre;
eminent degree. For, in the first, the rewards offered
for treatises would stimulate the inhabitants in the search
after knowledge ; by this means . they would be driven,
as it were, to an acquaintance with the elements of
science. --In the second country, rewards offered would
cause a rivalry between Men of intelligence dud
learniree,- resulting, -"its a matter of Course, in dis-
CoVeries and inventions of infinite -importance to
mankind: It will be asked, if an institution of this
nature a.dmirablY suits nations one comparatively
uncivilised, .the other enlightened and accomplished
how can it act derogatory, in a tontitit Which is neither
uncivilised nor yet learned '? The reasciii nitist be oh=
vious.
,bite ivih take tho Welsh nation as-an illustra-
Eisteddfodau and schools have instilled into this
country the first principles of civilisation, nay it has
advanced it to an equality with the greater portion of
_England. But how has this been accomplished ? The
Welsh language can boast of no scientific works written
by a Welshmen r7lio did rot tindei'statid English.
"Cheaters' Information fertile People" and a variety
of other works eminently useful, as far as they go, have
been translated, and they-have entered the houses of the
peasant in their Welsh dress.: Again, the treatises write
ten .for Eisteddfodau have been compiled
.from these
translations, or at best translated from original works in
the English tongue. Written by metii.Who follow the •
plough and wield the hattrad, Hits,;-'cannot be eipeeted
to bemaiteitiee's Attar as translations or compilations,
and they have advanced the nation to a certain point ;
fiirther the nation cannot advance unless the best works
are translated as they issue from the press. In order to
do this the translator would require the genius of the
writer, a perfect knowledge of the English tongue, a
profound' adqUaintance with the details of each science,
and the life of Methusaleh. - Thus the Welsh *mild lie
divided into two sections. The first idoilld be Welshiiieti
who had a kno.wiedge of tho tile-Bh, and iiho' diank of
the tatets of knotVledge at the foinitain's.eye ; and. the
second would be Welshnion who anderstand :no other
langnage than Welsh, dad received the ite'rea, if
We may so termit, tbroUgh the Augiot-Weillimen. Yet
we fear, in most lidtatioeS, %0 Altered .water would not
be nearly as pure as when it bubbled upwards at the
spring. Now for a second objection. • Since a hundredth
part of the scientific works in English have not been
translated into the sister tongue, those conquests of one
Welshman over another -would -lead,- and leads; the
Yicterious to suppose that.ha has drained the-bottom of
the- cup of knowledge, and is a master of the intritaties,
'of: science. 'Then this ;Waist 'ha the Mare *eighty
objection.. Croter this Child Who has gained a victory
as a scholar, and.he feels no less pride than a Wellington.
or a Havelock. In. the -same manner reward the man
Who- bUt a child in his intellectual powers, and he
•
will relapse into lethargy, existing onllorbteeKtittng
the battles he has fought:: 'A -sayer misfortune can
never bald a child tk.ke `td toe induced to believe that he
has made conquests as a :scholar. • A greater evil can.
never beset a country than to be imbued with a_ false
civilisation.; and to the inhabitants of that country than
to be made to glory in victories never won, We haVe now
stated our objections to the theoretical part of the &Ned;
let us proceed to review . the kstitittion-the Esteddfed.
itself. In Wales there are National, iverites'., Chael,
Teetotallers', and Pablic - honse ET'efeeltfrodaL The
National , ittedeltfodal ,aVe patronised by the
Society 'of -tards,- *ho -presume to- understand the
mysteries of Druidism, and to a great extent the theory
of the creation. The Ivorites' EiSteddfodau are held
under the auspices
,of the Ivorites, a friendly society
peculiar to Wales. 'The reader can immediately under-
stand who patronise the Teetotallers' and' the POLlO-
house competitive meetings: neWaids are offered for
poems and treatises Oti different sable.ets. At a meeting
held in September of last year, in YetalYfertr, in
the Swansea Valley, the seVen beet firirec Were
offered. for - peenis. pi.t4king seven private- parties
the lieighhcaitheod ; and, - judging- -from - the
relative position of these gentry, who as privateindivie
deals are worthy.-of every praise, and the committee of
the, Bardic • gathering, there can be na doubt that the
rewards were offered by the parties most 'interested in
the.matter. Then the adjudicators are men in many
instances who understand little, if anything' of the
sdb-
ject treated, or they drd country curates or dis-
senting ministers, who reward the most deserving
probably, but , in most cases do not reward intrinsic
merit. Thus, at an
_Eisteddfod held last :year, in
Neath, the patron was a brewer, the adjudicator his
clerk, the secretary his friend, the musical brass instru-
ments his property, and the players his workmen. It
.may be added that the ability-of the •Adjadieatdr was
exceedingly small; And the adjudication, in point
of justice, questionable. The result was that a very
unseemly scene occurred before the_ meeting termi-
nated. Taking the most lenient view of the ques-
tion, and presuming that every adjudication is just
as far as the powers of the adjudicator can lead him to
a correct .conclusion on the 'relative merits of various
compositions, does, or can, these' institutions be benefi-
cial to the nation at large ? Certainly not. The praise
habitually bestowed on the unsuccessful, is *ell as the
successful competitors, is unwise, untrue, and unjust to
those parties themselves. Their powers are over-estimated,
and they naturally assume an assurance of manner in
dealing with subjects, which is pitiful, because it is
ridiculous. In these remarks we do not include the
great National Eisteddfod, which-occurs annually, and
takes place this and succeeding days at 'Denbigh, over
which Sir Watkin Williams Wynne presides. This is
an exception : and for this reason, the literati only are
able to. compete for its prizes ; and it, therefore, only
proves our opening objection—that competitive meetings
are advantageoush societies which are advanced to a
undreds , nay, in ,
high state of civilisatio* Now, when it is considered
that
'thousands, of pounds are yearly
expended in. Wales upon Eisteddfodau, the question of
their intrinsic merit assumes a very formidable shape,
and becomes a subject of deep interest, not only to
\Vales itself, but to the nations of the world. What
are the magnificent results of this costly fabric ? Where
are the Shakespeares, the Byrons, the Milton-, the
Newtons, the Lockes, the Burkes, the Talfourds, the
Johnson, the Brewsters, the Lyttons, and the Addisons,
who were brought up under its wings, whose works are
known and appreciated by all civilised nations ?
Not in the grave ; not on earth. Are their
names on _the pages of the historian ? Are their
works reclining in dusty corners, covered by the
'cobwebs? • There are, 'as we have already said, works
poetical and Instructive in the language ; but of these,
how many were submitted to adjudicators 'at Eistedd-
focrau? . :Very . few, or more correctly, none at all.
Dalydd! lonawr competed for a prize but once in his
lifetime, and he was evidently so disgusted with the
manner in which the meetings were conducted, that he
ever afterwards withheld his support from all institutions
of the kind. To conclude, we assert that all Welshmen
who have merited immortality as authors, mounted the
pinnacle of fame without any aid frOM listeddfodati.
And what is far more conclusive, the nation is at this
moment writhing under Superstition, and will continue
to do so until good schools have been established through:
out the country, which might be erected on the ruins of
the present institution, if the nation Were appealed to for
a transfer of the patronage to a Welsh, national scheme
of education. Thus stately colleges, and first class
schools might' be established without the aid of the
English Government; and the Welsh nation, in twenty
or forty years, might become one of the most accomplished
on the face of the earth.
-- THE EISTEDDFOD •Ta-DAY.
The annual Welsh National Eisteddfod will be held
today(Tuesday), to-morrow (Wednesday), Thursday, and
Friday. It is under the patronage of Sir Watkin Williams
Wynne, who 'will occupy the Chair at all the meetings.
The affair is likely to be a grand one, and prizes to the
tune .of some hundreds,, we believe, will be awarded to
the successful competitors, who rank among the Bards
of the -British Island, Beirdd pr-ydain. The
results will be duly repOrted in the Daily Times..
THE WELSH LANGUAGE
Is like the Welsh people-,simple; and, unlike most
other languages,
topious, musical, comprehensive, and
easily acquired. Experience has shown that its prin-
ciples may be acquired in a feW months. A study of
ten or twelve months enabled Thirlwall to preach in it
as fluently as a native, and quite as correctly. Probably
there are some readers who laugh
,at the assertion that
it is musical. We will endeavour to turn the laugh
against themselves. The follOwing.extia`ci Velma indis-
criminately from lonawr's "Cywydd y Damn," will
serve to show the alliteration which pervades.through-
out the language :
" Y follten hwyaf wylltaith
Nis gwyr dyn derfprdy (faith,
Ac ar d'ol gwir yw y !lAA'
Criichlef a llif y er.oftwlaw,
Y daran o'u du orawr
• Mal berwateg derfyagateg for."
This continual alliteration occurring throughout all,
Welsh works is extremely pleasing to the. ear, and' un-
prejudice& minds will immediately -detect it.
There are twenty-seven letters in the Welsh alphabet.'
To these the Welsh make no further claim than the usage
of them since the days of the Roman invasion, being pre-
ferred because they are prettier than those of the
ginal British. The " double" letters have a simple
sound,
which,
ill
all cases throughout the alphabet, in
whateverposition they may be found, never .varies. The
Ais always Ah ; the B always B. There are no mutes,
for each letter takes its full open sound. This is im-
portant to the student ; for -it is evident that if the
prommiation of the letterP is once mastered, theta

HE DAILY 'I U:

tie all:Acuity in his way to become a fluent arid
Correct Speaker. In acceptation ode rule only has to be
observed! Words consisting of several Syllables have
the accent on the penult/nut and every, second syllable
fieni the end of the *ord. The formatiod of the deli-
vatives varieii The primitive *et& May stand as nouns
of the third persoiisiOgolaf, act as adjectives, and perform
the fiinCtions of Prelißsitieris, con,jiineiio#s, and adverbs.
Fach deriti:ze can bettraced eleirieiiA, words
of which ft IS feinted, ilifts leaviil fidtliiifg td the
imae4ation of the etpdologist. Nouns arc Masculine,
feminine, andpeuter; the plural is fornied by adding
the terinliiiipns au, awry, ed, nedd, on, wys, ycid ; or by
letters; is in the ease Qf oen Ca lamb), wyn
(lambs). Substantives undergo no inflection, therefote
the language knows nothing of cases. Pronouns have
similar functions to those of the English, representing

a Rroper name. Demonstrative pronouns also discrimi-
nate the gander, as in the case of hwn (him), hon (her).
yhe adjective is of the same number as the substantive
to *hiehit felatei, aAd id fdtzried by adding on and ion,
or by inflecting the words. - Degrees of comparison are
made by placing prefixes or affixes to the nouns, as teg,
fair; go-deg, rather fair. There. is one article—y, which
also takes the form of yr under certain circumstances.
Verbs are transitive or intransitive, have three persons
Six nioodst the iOdicatiVe, the irttficrative,. the optative,
the the jidtefitial, and the iiittifictlice and
three chief, with some contingent, -tenses—" I love,"
carwyf ; "I have loved," cerais ; "I will love," caraf.
There are primitive verbs, and verbs formed. by adding

vowels at the end of the noun,Aftvr, a gleaner; llofes,
to glean,, These are the saliefit.p?ints of the grammar.
4s,.may easily iniagitied; they have, no words which
de Le iiiodetti sctericeA, or, di feast, bad itai: how
can they express themselves in scientific matters
Easily. In order to define a certain ,thing, which is a
compound of two elements say, they do precisely as the
English do with the Greek tongue, take two primitive
words which express severally the two simple elements,
combine them, and thus
.form ,a, slngle word clearly
efpressin,g the tVto tleinents *hen in
a state of combination. We will take, for instance, the
word TelegrctiA which is expressed in Welsh in two
primitive words; Pell (far), and cb (to communicate) ;
Jr as a masculine termination. Then Telescope, ex-
pressed by Pell (far), and tcclyr (to see); and all other
scientific terms are expressed in a similar manner. A
close acquaintance with the language would show that
in other particulars the 'Welsh is all that Welshmen
claint for it.