biglam/hmd_newspapers huggingface dataset:
The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

TOBACCO.

Iblika42ll7 - copyright -1
This Brand iv sold evary where, in Ounce Packets 3d each
To avoid fraudulent imitations, see that each packet bears
our name and trade mark (a star).
WILLS dc SONS, Bristol and London.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

A NEW FLYING MACHINE.

The Scientific American of the 15th ult, contains a
description of a new contrivance for flying in the air
without the aid of a balloon. The car has the shape
of an egg cut lengthwise in half: it contains a small
steam-engine that communicates motion to two large
screws made of canvas stretched on a frame formed of
light, rigid materials. These helixes are fixed to a long
pole that is supported by two uprights, and may be
pushed backwards and forwards, and turned so as to
give at will a vertical or oblique direction to the screws,
according as the aeronaut may wish to move upwards,
or else backwards or forwards. A second and still
longer pole is fixed perpendicularly on the former, so
as to form a cross with it ; and this frame a sort of
lozenge.sha,ped sail is stretched. The branches are
kept steady by means of ropes secured to a mast that
rises vertically from the centre of the car to the height
of a few feet ; and another set of ropes fixed to
the lower face of the branches, meet in a central point,
supporting an enormous bag of ballast, which serves
to steady the whole system; in short, the latter is so
contrived that the sail and screws are completely at
the c )mmand of the aeronaut for any direction
he may choose to follow. At the poop there
is a third screw propeller, that is independent of
the others, and may-perform their duty in case of need,
or help to Increase the speed of the apparatus.
Here there is also a broad rudder, also made of canvas,
and worked by means of ropes for the purpose of
shaping the course either to the right or the left. In
case of any accident to the engine, the sail acts as a
parachute, and the passengers in that case leave the
car and mount on the platform supported by the cross
above the sail, so that they run no danger whatever
during the descent, which is by no means precipitous.
Nothing, however, of all this has yet been tried, the
great obstacle being, it appears, the weight of the
engine; but might not that be replaced by some other
contrivance if all the rest is feasible?
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

RIBANDS AND RACES.
The Turf has but one Riband Blue,
Whereas the Thames can boast of two.—Punch

A FIELD FOR SMALL CAPITALISTS.

Both farming and commercial operations in Aus-
tralia now requiring a very considerable amount of
funds to ensure success, the class of small capi-
talists who formerly found an opening for their
industry at the antipodes have during late years
been virtually shut out from that field. In a letter
to The Times of Saturday, one of these disap-
pointed colonists gives his experiences of New
Mexico as a field for small capitalists. Having
found that no good was to be done in Australia, he
and a partner turned their backs upon that un-
grateful land of promise, and went forth in search of
some country where profitable sheep farming could
be carried on with a moderate amount of capital.
After settling down in New Mexico, they passed the
next eighteen months in prospecting for a suitable
locality, which at length was found in the vicinity of
the Dry Cimmaron River. Unfortunately, this site,
although remarkably promising in respect to climate,
soil, and water supply, possessed one disadvantage.
Just as the settlers were on the point of building a
house, a war party of Comanches and Cheyennes
made a raid upon their camp, and "lifted" a large
number of scalps and horses. After this disagree-
able experience of lite in the' Fail West, the
adventurers wisely decided to move a little nearer
ti civilisation, and finally established themselves
at Retaplen, near the Canadian River. Here
they appear to have done remarkably well, their
flocks now comprising 6,000 sheep, bred from
Mexican ewes by Cotswold rams. It must not be
imagined, however, that this number represents
anything like the value such a flock would fetch in
England. In New Mexico the price of the indigenous
breeds varies from 6s. 4d. for wethers to Bs. 4d. for
ewes, or about the cost of an ordinary leg of mutton.
Nevertheless, the writer declares that sheep farming,
especially with improved breeds, pays largely, the
cost of rearing being very small, while the-Ancrease
amounts to nearly 80 per cent. Then, although
mutton commands but a very low figure in the New
Mexican market, there is a lively demand for wool,
the produce of each sheep being valued at about 6s.
per annum. Altogether, it -seems that small capi-
talists, gifted with the requisite knowledge of farm-
ing, may do worse than establish themselves in New
Mexico.—Globe.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

SAT J D 1 f, APRIL 3, H 75.

HAGLEY.
ELECTION OF CIMIXIIWARDENS.-At a vestry
held on Monday, Mr. H. Wright was re-elected reCto,
warden, and Mr. C. J. Cooper re-elected parishioll
warden.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

HOLLOWfYS-0-INTMENTI

eronehitis, Diphtheria, Coughx, Coh4, and all
Derangements of the Throat and Chest.

In any of the above diseases, immediate and permanent
relief is obtained by effectually rubbing this detergent
Ointment twice a day upon the neck, chest, and back, and
br.ck, and in all stages of influenza, settled coughs, and
wheezing at the chest, the same treatment may be fol-
lowed with efficiency and safety.

Bad Legs, Bad Breasts, Oldj,Sores,lWounds, an

Ulcers.

By rubbing this Ointment perseveringly upon and
around the affected parts twice a day, it will penetrate to
the tissues beneath, and exert the most beneficial influ-
ence; the inflammation soon diminishes, the pain
becomes less intolerable, the matter thickens, and a
cure is soon effected. In all long standing cases Hollo-
way'. Pills should also be taken, as they greatly assist ia
expelling all depraved linakonre from the body.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

THE MARKETS.

MARK-LANE.—WEDNESDAY. °I
The grain trade at Mark-lane has been quiet in tone. Eng. -1/
lish wheat has been in short supply, but there has been a fair ,
show of foreign. The demand has only been to a moderate ..
extent, at about the rates previously current As regards
sfboaarnreilipegyine,
stphdreorrdoeoupcheian. sg biireneannvsasalcutfeai.oinr
slsiwuapeltprelydrueolsnit,rtiochnteedfs,toranantoddesr,inctfeherirmiefosyr. ~ -:
r
English oats scarce; but foreign were freely offered. i
METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET.—MONDAT.
The cattle trade to-day has been without feature of im-
portance. A fair average supply of stock has been offering,
but prime qualities have been rather scarce. For beasts
per j:lb. Pigs
the inqutry has been very slow for all qualities, but
values are unaltered. The best Scots realise 6s. 104. to
AL"Deptford
Gs. per stone of 81b. ~From Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and
Cambridgeshire we have received about 1,100, and from
KET.—MONDAT.
Scotland about 59 head. The show on the foreign side
has been moderate, comprising about 190 Dutch, 163
Danish, and 400 Spanish. The demand has been.. slow, at
e supplies of which
withlaterfaatiersiy
conditioned
isthi
oenewepagdpanevneirysinhagaliveietTb,ehiteennddinempoanrdiecdreastfeowlryearselul ppqsuolmaliieed. .
ties has been inactive, at previous values. The best Downs
ditto,4s . t o
5435.. Btod.
5;5.4 primed.:
yl large
ods, a;
and half-breds have sold at 60. Bd. to 6s. 10d. per 81b: For
lambs the inquiry has been to a fair extent, at slightly easier
rates. Calves have been in fair supply, but the demand has
havebeenha
ve uvh
eee
ere very slow,
METROPOLITAN s2l
quietwol v F
raa enaotndytephhv
ep
br andv lie c
oefu
Bs
and
ah
et
.qa3uvr a a
name° t
suAd
tteTi cct declined
td 1
beasts.th
prime ditto, Is. to &s. 4d. ; large pork, 9a.
The quotations were :—lnferior bethef,er's:
,wvehTraertadmeegoshdieeerrarefttoeor.-db
444:5.,
4d. to
4tt,soo.
54;
:imiddling;F d.prime;
odmi tat ol l ,
bs. 4d. • inferior mutton, 38. 4d. to 4s. ; middling ditto, •
Bd. to 4s. ; small ditto, Is. to Is. 4d.

Adidsvipoeserstro trnom to sell,,
aro in
d spsipteeakof t
. ,
f l
HOPS.
The market is dull, and. rates continue to weaken, there
of emellittle
necessarily preventing any material relapse in the quota-
alteration, a certain degree of firmness on the part of holders
Lions. POTATOES.
• The arrivals 4 potatoes are only moderate, and their con
dition is not very good. Bound descriptidns therefore eom-
eland a ready sale, and realise full rates. Regents, 765. to
115 s. ; Victorias, 100 s. to 1555. ; Fluxes, 1108. to 160% : Rocks,h supplyei an
remaining. increased
001. to 70s, per tou.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

•

THE LONDON HAIR CUTTING, DRESSING,
SINGEING AND SHAMPOOING ESTABLISHENT

190, HIGH-STEET, DUDLEY.
--
eT . WIL KIN S

BEGS to call the attention of Ladies and
Gentlemen, to his Large, Choice, and Fashionable
STOCK of WIGS, BRAIDS, CHIGNONS, PLAITED
HEAD-DRESSES, and ORNAMENTAL HAILt of
every deseription, Shade of Colour, and Finest Quality,
at reduced Prices.
Sole Inventor of the AUSTRALIAN LIQUID HAIR
DYE, for Changing Red or Grey Hair to a Beautiful
Brown or Black, in a few minutes, without staining the
skin or injuring the hair. Also, the Celebrated Extract
ef Rosemary, for removing 4enrf and promoting the
Growth of the Hair, and preventing its falling off ot
turning grey.
Wigs, Beards, and Whiskers, for Charades or Theatrical
Purp,b-es, frit. Sale or on Hire. Lessons given in Hair
Dressing.
Note the Address:—

gir 190, HIGH STREET, DUDLEI

ESTABLISHED 22 YEARS.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

THE RAILWAY PASSENGER DUTY.

The following letter has been sent to The Times far publi-
cation :

Sir,—Ltrust you will do me the favour to allow me
space for a few words of explanation as to what I said
to the Chancellor of the Exchequer the other day when
I attended with the deputation to press the Govern-
ment for a "remission of the Passenger Duty, at least,
as "regards the penny a mile traffic." Unfortunately,
very few words of what fell from me have been re-
ported, but the Chancellor did me the honour to notice
what I said in his reply; this is fully reported in the
able summary of the proceedings, but in the absence
of my statements, the Chancellor's criticisms on what
I advanced appear to an outsider as one-sided. I
trust, therefore, to your usual courtesy to allow me,
through your powerful and justly influential jour-
nal, to state the substance of my arguments.
The injustice of the tax had been called in
question, and the object I had in view in the
few words I addressed to the Chancellor was to show
that this impost was in restraint of trade, was there-
fore injurious to the public' and interfered prejudici-
ally with the management of railways. If to save
this tax cheap trains were made to stop at every sta-
tion, it would be absolutely dangerous, and would
practically stop fast and through trains, and the pub-
lic would lose the benefit of the penny-a-mile cars
which have been added to most express trains, for
which kenclat Olt compmaieg Art, P. 4 w 9 Oda, unfigrly
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

CINCHONA OR CHINCHONA.

Mr. C. R. Markham, in a lately-publisbed " Memoir
of the Lady Ana de Osoria, Countess of Chinchon and
Vice-Queen of Peru," wishes to prove that the name
cinchona, applied to Peruvian bark, should he altered
to chinchona,. The knowledge of the efficacy of
Peruvian bark was undoubtedly brought to Europe in
the year 1640 by the Countess of Chinchon, on her
return to Spain with her husband at the expiration of
his term of office as Viceroy of Peru. This lady,
during her residence there, was attacked by tertian
fever, and cured by the use of Peruvian bark.
On the return of the Count and Countess to
the Castle of Chinchon, the Countess, who had
brought with her a supply of the precious bark
which had effected such a wonderful cure upon herself,
"administered Peruvian bark to the sufferers from
tertian agues on her lord's estates in the fertile but
unhealthy vegas of the Tagus, the Jarama, and the
Tajufia. She thus spread blessings around her, and
her good deeds are even now remembered by the people
of Chinchon and Colmenar in local traditions" (p. 45
of the Memoir). Though from time to time during the
succeeding hundred years powders of the Peruvian
bark were imported into Europe, no scientific account
of the tree was published until 1740, in which year
De in Condamine published a description and figure in
the Memoirs of the Academy of Paris for 1738, under
the generic name of Quinquina. This communica-
tion contained also an account of the history of the drug,
wherein the name of the Countess of Chinchon was
duly mentioned and properly spelt, and on the infortna-
tion obtained from it and quoted in acknowledgment
I inna3us, in the second edition of his "Genera Plan-
tarum," published at Leyden in the year 1742, founded
his genus Cinchona in honour of the Countess of
Chinchon. The word cinchona, however, as now
become settled by the usage of upwards of a hundred
and thirty years, and sufficiently recalls the name of
the enlightened and benevolent lady to whom Europe
owes the introduction of this most useful therapeutic
agent.— London Medical Record.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

COLD WINTERS.

The New York Times remarks It is not at all an
improbable supposition that we have entered upon a
' cycle ' of cold winters which may last for some years.
There is—so far as anything can be made out from
so unsettled a science as meteorology—a tendency
to repetition of given grades of temperature during
fixed periods. It is obvious that if we are to have
five, ten, or twenty such Arctic winters as this
has been, our community will be totally unpre-
pared to meet them. Neither our garments nor
OUT buildings are fitted for such low temperature.
If we regard such savage tribes or peoples as are fami-
liar with cold from zero to 30 deg. below, we find them
using habitually the warmest garments. The Indians
in British and Russian America are girt with close-
fitting skins and furs, which are warmer than any
clothing known to civilization. Their ears, head and face
are carefully protected. The Russians and Swedes
wear the long fur robes, which are the warmest gar-
ment ever worn by civilized man, and are careful to
cover neck, ears, and all sensitive parts. With the
exception of long overcoats, our people have been dressed
this winter as they always are in cold weather. Our
ladies leave much of the head and face elcpoSed, and are
very indifferently clad against excessively cold weather.
The consequence is a fearful crop of neuralgias, colds,
and, among the old, severe attacks of pneumonia. The
houses are even still less adapted for such a winter.
To ninety out of the hundred of city residents 'life
has been a strife ' this winter. It has been impossible to
keep the house warm. House water-pipes have frozen.
Unflushed drain-pipes have made whole neighbour-
hoods odorous of bad gases. . . . A portion of
our difficulties may be traced to our builders and
architects.- No architect seems to understand that the
peace and comfort of domestic life depend mainly on
water-pipes. The profession seem peculiarly indifferent
where they put the waterworks.' There are scores
of houses in which the bathroom and closets have been
carefully placed by the builders in the coldest corner,
and which have not had an unfrozen water pipe for
the whole season. In the country the first duty of
the architect is to place the water-pipes behind the
kitchen chimney, because this is a source of heat
which never is exhausted. Alt features of the house
plan should be sacriiced to this. But our country
houses are built too slight and thin. They will have
also to adopt the brick porcelain-covered stoves of
Russia and North Germany. Open grates will evi-
dently not answer in such weather as we have had
recently. Both city and country houses ought to
make free use of double windows, for a double
window is equal in its influence on temperature to a
moderate fire. The community must begin to dress
and to build as if Arctic winters might come every
year,"
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

MONSTER SALMON.

The Times has published the following letter :

Sir,—During the last few days some remarkably
fine salmon have been shown on various fishmongers'
stalls in London. On Saturday last two magnificent
fish were to be seen at a West-end fishmongers;
the largest weighed 581 b, and had been forwarded
from the Shannon; another scaled 541 b., and was
the produce of the Tay. On looking over some
notes made during the last few years I find the
following particulars of the capture of large salmon
in English, Irish, and Scotch waters, which may
be of interest. Last season the largest salmon that
I obtained information of was a fish of 5511 b.,
taken by an angler on the Cumberland Derwent ;
while on Loch Tay a salmon of 501 b. was captured by
a fisherman trolling. These are heavy and excep-
tional weights to fall to an angler, but they have
been exceeded and nearly reached on several occa-
sions— viz., in 1873, when a poor fisherman on the
Suir (Ireland) brought to bank a splendid fish of
57111, an angler on the Tweed in the same year
landing one of 53i1b. In 1872 a fish of 5141 b was
killed by an angler on the. Derwent, in Cumberland.
In 1872 a salmon of 581 b. was taken by an angler on the
Shannon, while in 18700 a fish weighing 611 b, was cap-
tured by rod and line in the Stanley water, which weight
to an angler was, I believe, only once before exceeded
when a former Earl of Home is said to have succeeded
in taking a salmon weighing 69.41 b. Larger salmon
than any of the above-mentioned have been captured
in the nets, as for instance, the monster of 701 b. taken
in the Tay in 1870, and the fish of 831 b. mentioned by
Yarrel as baying been captured in 1821. Any further
particulars of the capture of monster salmon (fish of
501 b. and upwards) I should be glad of.—Yours, &c.,
HENRY FFENNELL.
8, rowis-Gardens, March 29.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

CLENT.

PARISH OF CLENT.—A vestry meeting was held here on
Monday; the Rev George Halls (vicar) presiding.—When
the Chairman had read out a statement of the accounts
for the year, Mr. Martin requested that the minutes of
of the last year's meeting should be read.—From these
it appeared that, on the motion of Mr. John Xmphlett,
proposal had been carried that the accounts should be
audited by Mr. Weaver, and that an abstract of them
should be drawn up and published.— Mr. Martin wished
to known for what reason this proposal was not carried
out.—Mr. Weaver stated that hs had not received tbe
necessary documents from Mr. Price, in whose possession
they are —lt seemed to bo the unanimons feeling of the
meeting that it was for the interest of the parish that
there should be greater publicity in regard both to the
sources of revenue and the expenditure.—Mr. Price was-
reappointed vicar's warden. On the motion of Mr. Whit
taker, lecoaded by Mr. Mr. Martin, Mr. John Araphlett
barristex-al-low, wee molested parishioaers' wartlest.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

HORN-BOOKS.

The horn-book was the primer of our ancestors, and
down to the time of George 11. common in every part
of England. This book consisted of a single leaf, upon
which were printed the alphabet in old English or
Roman characters, a selection ot words of one syllable,
and then the Lord'4Prayer. The leaf was pasted on
a piece of wood, in shape and size not unlike the back
of a hairbrush, and over the leaf, for its preservation,
was spread a sheet of horn, which gave it the name of
hornbook. Sometimes these books were called "Criss-

cross-rows," the derivation of which is not at first ap-
parent. It was at the beginning of the first row of
letters, which were capitals, that a figure of the cross
was invariably drawn. That line, the first to be learned,
came thus to be called the Christ-cross-row, and gradu-
ally this name was given to the whole book. 'There
was ordinarily a hole made in the handle of the book,
by which the lesson book was tied to the girdle of the
scholar.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

BRIERLEY HILL.

OFFENDING PUBLICANS.-11EAVT PENALTIES.—At the
Police Court, on Thursday, before Mr. Issas Spooner,
Stipendiary, Benjamin Phillips, licensed victualier,
Round Oak Inn, was charged with permitting drunken-
,,ess. Police-constables Goodfellow and HoLim; were in
search of two men for an offenes, and visited Phillips's
house in the course of their investigation. Three men
were sitting in one of the rooms at the time, and two
were drunk. Mr. Waldron who defended, said Mr.
Phillips was brewing at the time. Fined £3, and costs,
but no endorsement of lieense.—At the same Court,
Edward Harry, licensed victuallers, British Oak. Stall-
ings Lane. Pensnett, was charged with having his house
open un Sunday. The same officers as in the last case
found three men in the house with a quatt of ale before
them. The defence was that the, men insisted on being
served after saying that they were travellers. Superin-
tendent Mills said that he had had many complaints of
the house, and had to employ plain-clothes i4en in order
to detect the defeniant. The Stipendiary fined Harvey
£5. and costs, and ordered that his license should be
endorsed.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

CUTTINGS FROM AMERICAN PAPERS.

A man was lately ordained in Ohio to go out and
"preach ignorance to the heathen."
-

- -
Mangrove trees are to be placed in Boston for the
spinsters and widowed to walk about under and reflect.
A Missouri landlord has systematised the spiritual
business. He has ghosts which appear only to such as have
not paid their rent.
Two girls attending a seminary in Illinois set two
cocks fighting in their room one Sunday. Bets on the result
ran high, and at the conclusion of the contest the winning
maiden was " better " by a gold watch, a pair of silk stock-
ings, a French corset, two rolls of false hair, a patent bustle.
and a beautiful bookmark with a moral motto worked on it
in coloured silk.

A chap sought shelter of a Boston philanthropist and
thus addressed him :—" See, cap'n, first my father died, and
my mother married again; and then my mother died, and
my father married again; an' somehow or other I don't seem
to have no parent home, nor nothing."

A Transatlantic writer informs his countrymen that
"Carlyle, the Napoleon of English literature, is writing a
history of the Norwegian. Kings who lived away back in the
centuries when the word "Ajax" was spelled " Ajivggjak-
tagdfi," and accented on the first syllable.

Josh Billings says :—lf you are going to give a man
anything, give it to him cheerfully and quick, don't make him
get downoon his knees in front of you, and listen to the ten
commandments, and then give him five cents."
THE COMING BONNET.—Several factories, says an
American contemporary, have commenced to manufacture
bandboxes six feet high.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

A NEW PROCESS FOR PRESERVING
FISH.
(From the Daily News.)

From time to time we see from the newspaper
that large numbers of fish, unfit for human
food, are condemned by the officers of Billingsgate,
Liverpool, Manchester, and other large fish markets.
The reason of this, of course, is that the fish have,
through bad packing, want of the use of ice, or long
transit from a too great distance, lost thnir original
freshness and flavour. The fish-eating public will,
therefore, probably hear with pleasure that a new
patent process is on the point of being brought out
whereby not only the present loss may be avoided
but the supply of fish to the public market much
increased. A French gentleman of the name of
Gorges has, for many years past, been experimenting
on the preservation of fish, and has at last dis-
covered a fluid which will effectually bring about
the long desired result. For this fluid he has taken
out a patent which has been practically tested. Fish
of various kinds were simply placed in a bath of the
solution for two hours only; they were then taken out
of the solution and placed in a cellar for six days. A
party of gentlemen interested in fish culture were then
invited by Mr. Frank Buckland, inspector of salmon
fisheries, to taste the fish preserved by the patent pro-
cess, and the verdict of those present was most favour-
able. The fish, salmon especially, was found to have
kept its flavour and colour. Delicate fish, such as
soles, mackerel, red mullet, turbot, &c., were found
quite up to the mark, and though three days from the
sea as palatable as though fresh from the fishmonger's
stall. The importance of this invention applied on a
large scale is very great. Manyhundred tons of sea-
fish caught in far distant localities. are now lost as food
to the inhabitants of large town!, because the
time required for the railway journey is too
great ; for instance, many boatloads of garvies,
herrings, sprats, mackerel, &c., are now used for
namwea whom; by rights Oil &re duo to tia9 slug

markets. Many fish are, for the above reasons, not
forthcoming from the Northern Isles, and the west
coast of Scotland, still less from the west coast of Ire-
land, where turbot, ling, haddocks, whiting, &c., are
naturally very abundant. The Cornish pilchard and
mackerel fisheries would be also benefited by the use
of this new fluid. Should, again, its use prove to be as
efficacious as stated by Mr. Henry A. Wolff and Mr.
Ignatz Witkowski, who are associated with Mr.
Gorges in the matter, English wholesale dealers may
expect consignments of excellent fish in our large
markets from America as an article of diet ; and it is
not impossible that whereas we have now .offered for
sale in poulterers' shops prairie grouse, American tur-
keys, &c., so our fishmongers may hereafter be able to
offer to us the celebrated "white fish" of the Ameri-
can lakes, the brook trout, the great lake trout of Lake
Huron, and the shad of which as a dainty the Ameri-
cans think so much.

fli
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN AUSTRIA,

The preamble of the new Penal Code relative to the
application of the penalty of death in Austro-Hungary,
sets forth that, under the legislation of 1803, which
was in vigour from Jan. 1, 1804, to the end of 1852,
that is to say, for 49 years, there were pronounced
1,452 capital condemnations, of which 457 was carried
out on the territory of the state. Out of these
121. were for high treason, with only two executions;
196 for forgery and fraud, with 3 0,035 for murder,
with 430; 14 for armed robbery, with 4; and 96
for arsovo with 18. Under the Penal Code of 1852
there occurred, from Jan. 1, 1853, to the end of that
year, 900 death sentences, of which 105 were inflicted.
The det tils were as follows :-880 for murder, with
102 executions; 12 for robbery with 3; 5 for high
treason, and 3 for arson, the perpetrators of which
were pardoned. From 1866 to 1871, lives were fre-
quently spared, for out of 275 condemnations for
murder, the tribunals, in 250 cases, recommended the
criminals to the mercy of the sovereign, which was
extended to 244 of them. The punishment of death
was then commuted to hard labour for a term more or
less long, that is to say from three years to perpetuity.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

QUARRY BANK.

The Easter vestry meeting was held an Monday, in the
Parish Church (adjourned from the vestry in consequence
IV the nurnerons attendance of parishioners) ; the Vicar.
Dr. Dixon, presided. Mr. R. Smith-Casson was elected
people's wardCii. The vicar re-appointed Mr. Geo. Webb
as his warden.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

A CURIOUS CHRONOLOGICAL FACT.

The Plantagenets ended in 1489, and were succeeded
by the Tudors, who ended their century in 1589. Then
came the Stuarts, and they ended in 1689, and, falling
back under the protection of the Bourbons, seem to
have inoculated them with the number 89, for they
lived but the century, and ended in 1789.

THE INCOME OF A CHINESE SCHOOLMASTER.
The income depends on the number of his pupils,
but they must not exceed twenty; because it is held
that he coull not attend to a greater number with the
necessary care. Every boy is bound to give his teacher
annually the following articles :—Rice 501 b. ; lamp
oil, 1 catty (lilb.) ; lard? 1 catty; salt, 1 catty; tea,
1 catty; and, besides; a sum of from 1 to 4 dollars,
according to the boy's age and ability. The lessons
are continued throughout the whole year, with only
one month's holidays at the new year, when the en-
gagement of the teacher always terminates, and a
new contract must be made.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

MEMORIAL TO BULWER-LYTTON.

The following inscription, from the pen of the pre-
sent Peer, has been recently placed on the stone which
marks the grave, in Westminster Abbey, of the late
Lord Lytton :
gDWARD GEORGE EARLE LYTTON BIILWER LYTTON
Born 25. May 1803—Died 13. January 1873

1831-1841 Member of Pariiament for St Ives and for I incoln

• 1838 Baronet of the United Kingdom
1852-1866 Knight of the Shire for the County of Hertford
1858 One of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State
Knight Grand Cross of St. Michael and St. George
1866 Baron Lytton of Knebworth

Laborious and Distinguished in all fielda of intellectual activity
Indefatigable and Ardent in the cultivation and love of Letters
His genius as an Author was displayed in the most varied forms
Which have cehnected indissolubly •
With every department of the Literature of his time
The name of EDWARD BULWER LYTTON.
—A thenccum.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

SOME WONDERS OF SIAM.

The Siamese twins are by no means the only great
natural curiosity Siam has produced. Indeed that
country is a land of wonders. One queer specimen of
humanity was known as the "swimming girl." When
but a few hours old, the nurse took her according to
the custom of the country, to the banks of the river,
and held her little body just where the soft
ripple of the waves could play over it, never
dreaming that a babe of a few hours would mani-
f.a:, c:.1...r i o- pleasure on receiving its first bath.
But the little thing had hardly touched the water
before she began to crow and coo and show her ap-
proval in every possible baby fashion; and when the
nurse would have removed her from the water, she
screamed and resisted to the utmost extent of her
puny strength. This scene was repeated daily, some-
times twice or thrice in a day; the child, as it grew
older, frequently screaming so violently on being
taken from the water that the nurse was com-
pelled to replace it, and keep it there for many
consecutive hours. In fact, it was always restless
and uneasy when out of the water, except when
asleep or taking nourishment; and by the time the
child was six months old it came to be as much a
matter of course to put it in the water immediately on
awaking, as with other children to place them onlhe
floor to play, or send them out for an airing. When
eight months old the little girl could swim without
assistance, and from that time to the close of her life,
which terminated when she had just completed her
sixth year, she lived as entirely in the river
as does a fish, with the single exception of
not sleeping there. All her meals were placed
on the bank of the river, or on the platform of the
floating house where her parents lived. She would
nod assent when called, and swimming up, would par-
take of the food, sustaining herself meanwhile on the
surface of the water without any apparent effort.
When her appetite was satisfied she would float grace-
fully off, and return to her gambols in the stream—
sometimes swimming rapidly about, and again merely
keeping herself afloat. She never learned to walk or
to speak, and even her cry was rather peculiar, but
her personal appearance was natural and pretty.
Another prodigy of Siam was a boy who, at the age
of seven years, weighed three hundred and twenty
pounds. There was nothing at all peculiar in the
physique of either of the parents, and their other
children were about the average size. The "fat boy,"
as he was called, was a moderate eater and sleeper,
rather dull intellectually, and his only forte was music.
Of this he was passionately fond, played on various
instruments without any previous instruction, and
even composed airs and melodies of some considerable
merit. As he died at the age of ten we can only con-
jecture what this precocious musical genius would have
been at maturity. Another boy had hands and feet
webbed as completely as those of a duck, his head was
'nearer square than round, and his labia almost as flat
as a board.—Pictorial World.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

THE POPE'S CARDINALS.

A German paper gives the following statistics :-
Pius IX. during his 29 years' reign has created 99
Cardinals-December 26, 1846, two; June 12, 1847,
four, of whom Antonelli is the oldest Cardinal created
by the present Pope; January 17, 1848, one;
September 30, 1840, 14; March 15, 1852, four; March
7, 1853, eight; December 19, 1853, one; December, 17,
1855, four ; June 16, 1857, six; March 15, 1858, seven;
June 25, 1858, one ; September 27, 1861, seven ; March
16, 1863, seven; December 21, 1863, one; June
22, 1866, five; March 13, 1868, nine; December 22,
1873, 12; March 15, 1875, six. Of these 99 Cardinals
created by Pius 1X.., 57 are Italians, 13 French, three
English, nine Spanish, three Portuguese, seven German
or Austrian, three Hungarian, two Polish, one Belgian,
and one American; 50 of the 99 are already dead.
Only eight of the 61 Cardinals who saw Pius IX.
mount the Papal Throne are still living, so that the
total number of Cardinals is now 57, of whom the most
aged is Cardinal de Angelis, Archbishop of Fermo,
born April 16, 1792, and who is consequently four
weeks older than the Pope himself.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

Skin Diseases of all kinds.

In this class of complaints, no:matter the age the sex
the place, or under what name the disease may be classi-
fied, immediate ease, and ultimate cure, may with cer-
tainty be procured, if this Ointment be plentifully
rubbed upon the part affected, while Holloway's Pills.
are taken in appropriate doses night and morning, to
purify the blood.
Gout, Rheumatism, and Glandular Swellings.

Every one suffering from these excruciating complaints
should have recourse to these purifying remedies. as they
have rescued thousands from a life of torture, after all
other means had failed to give them relief. The Oint-
ment and Pills used conjointly will act so searchingly
and certainly, as to effect cures in the most hopeless.
cases. _ _ _

Piles, Fistulas awl Internal linjlanimations.
Persons afflicted with these distressing com Plaints vril,
find in this wonderful Ointment instant means of relief'
and all can effect their own cure without explaining their
infirmity to anyone. Holloway's Pills, if taken in small
doses, greatly assist the Ointment, as they purify the
blood and regulate the stomach in an extraordinary
manner.

The Ointment and Pills are sold, at Professor HOLLO.
WAY'S Establishment, 633, Oxford-street, London ; alas
by nearly every respectable Vendor of Medicine through-
out the Civilised World, in Pots and Boxes, at is lid,
2s 9d, 4s 6d, lie, 225, and 33s each. The smallest Pot of
Ointment contains one ounce; and the smallest liox
of Pills four dozen.

Full printed directions are affixed to each Pot and Box,
and can be had in any language, even in Turkish, Arabic,
suirenian, Persian, or Chinese.

GI, LENFIEL D. GLENFIELD.
The
Queen's
L:landrfss
Ssys this Starch
Is the best
She ever
Used.

G LENFIELD. GLENFIELD

(-111i1 piANoFoiry.E,s, & ITARNlONl-
ulkikiki UMS Lave beta, 11. 1,.1.1) by 0. F. tiItEEN
ProtessieL,J tUflr bO, CA Si ILE•STRLET.IitIid 101, limn
DUDL,:Y. Pianofortes lie-milked, trungi,
be Hammen; ite-euv•ered with Patent Felt,as need by
be most eminent fitme.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

L.T.............."----- ---:-----'-':
..„,„.-_-.4.--...c ----•*- ..--rf.- '44-..----.....----- ...--------,...a.y."-
.._ -__ . __,-
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OBSERVERS
-_-................, . ..a11.m1..................M1
-,41-
---s."l. . than any it has had since the war, and it will be Intelligence has reached Melbourne of the escape o
4-1-. diversion of public funds to the advau- twenty more Communists from New Caledonia.
—.,,,facture is not put an In receiving a deputation of Italians and foreipers
-"--Tht to at the Vatican this week, the Pope exhorted v. ,t to
" ---'-. tn sro thither not merely as sightseers, but as &anent
' - 'b. amount of
____
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

CRADLEY HEATH.

APPLICATION FOR EJECTMENT.—At the Petty Sessions
held at Old Hill, on Wednesday last, before Mcssrs. B.
L. Freer and N. Hingley, Mr. Homer made an applica-
tion on behalf of Ann Shaw, to ejcct Joseph Shaw from
a hou,e occupied in part by complainant. Mr. Sanders
defended. Complainant scud that the defendant is her
son, and rented part of the house she occupied as a
lodger, and paid la 17s 63 per quarter. He also occupied.
some nail shops. Mr. Sanders sail ke had no question
to ask the witness. The Bench considered they had no
jurisdiction, and dismissed the summons.

A Row ovEri A PIOSTYE.—CtutrIeA Weston was charged
with a,saulting Eliza Wood. on the 21st ult. Mr. Addi-
son defended. From the evidence of complainant it ap-
pears that a dispute arose about a pig-stye, when the de-
fendant struck her several blows on the hack. Fined 2s
6d and costs.

0138RUCTING THE FOOTPATH. - Enoch Hackett was
charged with obstructing the footpath at Reddall Hill, on
Sunday, the 21st ult. P.C. Kettle provod the offence.
Fined 29 6d and costs:

Bryant and May beg to direct special attention to their
New Oval Pocket Vesta Boxes, with Patent Spring Cov-
ers, which are entirely free from all Hough.E,dges and
Sharp Corners, arid admitted by everfbncrtd be. the Best
and Cheapest Pocket Box ever produced. Retailed every
where at One Penny. Patentees and sole manufacturers
Bryant and May, London. B.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

THOSE PROPHETS OF OLD!

How rich the following paragraph appears, which
was originally printed in the Quarterly Review in
March, 1825 :—" We are not advocates for visionary
projects that interfere with useful establishments. We
scout the idea of a railroad as impracticable! * * *
What can be more palpably absurd and ridiculous than
the prospects held out of locomotives travelling
twice as fast as stage coaches! We should as soon ex-
pect the people of Woolwich to suffer themselves to
be fired off upon one of Congreve's ricochet rockets,
as to put themselves at the mercy of such a machine,
going at such a rate."
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

[From Punch.]
LOVE'S SADNESS.

to.

(By a Sentimental Ornithologist.)
Nay, ask not wherefore I am sad:
The heart that loves is never glad:
True passion is with sorrow fraught—
The love-bird has no merry-thought !"
* Quite true, in ornithology as in sentiment. The Love
Bird (Psittacula) has no furcula, or "merry-thought" bone
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-04-03

THE NAME OF GOD.

It is singular that the name of God should be
spelled in four letters in almost every known
language. It is, in Latin, Deus; in Greek, Zeus;
Hebrew, Adon ; Syria, Adad ; Arabian, Alla ;
Persian, Syrs ; Tartarian, Igan ; Egyptian, Aumn
or Zeut ; East Indian, Esgi or Zeul ; Japanese,
Zain ; Turkish, Addi ; Scandinavian, Odin; Walla-
chian, Sene ; Margian, Rese ; Swedish, Oodd ; Irish;
Dich ; German, Gott; French, Dieu; Spanish, Dios;
and Peruvian, Llan.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-02-06

HALE SOWEN.

OBSTRUCTING THE POLICE. At the Police Court, on
Tuesday, before Messrs. E. Gem and J. Watson, Joseph
Withers and James Foley were charged with obstructing
the police, whilst in the execution of their duty. on the
30th ult. Police-constable Smith said he had a man in
custody named Samuel White. The cdefendauts told
White not to go to the station, and be lay. down. Whilst
he was down the defendants told the prisoner to kick the
and the man began to kick witness. It was
with great difficulty that he got the man to the station,
but he would have gone quietly if the defendants had not
interfered. Defendants denied the charge. The Bench
said they had no reason to doubt the officer's word, and
fined defendants 5s each and costs.
CHARGE OF THREATENING. Abel Shilvock was
charged with threatening William Saunders, on the 23rd
ult. Complainant said defendant kicked his door and
threatened hini, but he did not wish to press the case.
Defendant paid the costs and promised not to offend
again._

-A
NICE " LABE." Robert Smart, a butcher, was
charged with assaulting Alfred Siviter, on the 29th ult.
Complainant said that about four o'clock on the above
date, he was sitting in the bar at the Shenstone Hotel.
Whilst there defendant blackened his face with soot and
greaae. Defendant threw a lot of ashes all over his
clothes, and put some ashes in his mouth. Defendant
denied the charge, and said complainant blackened his
own face with a pocket handkerchief, and he was larking
with others in the room. Francis Goode Fold he was in
the bar, but did not sae defendant black complainant's
face. He believed it was a man named Yardley. He did
not see any ashes thrown on complainant. Superintend-
ent Kemp said complainant came to the police-station on
the above date. He was not sober. His face was black
and:his clothes were covered with ashes. Witness re-
commended him to get a summons, as he had evidently
been assaulted. Police-constable :Drew said he was at
the Shenstone. He saw Smart who was soLer. The
Bench did cot consider the case proved and dismissed it,
and advised complainant not to go into public-houses and
get drunk.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-02-06

FATAL ACCIDENT TO A LITTLE BOY AT

THE LYE.

An inquest was held at the Union Inn, Lye, on
Monday evening last, before Mr. Miller Corbet,
deputy-coroner, on the body of a little boy, three
and a half years old, the son of William Hart,
of Green Lane, Lye,.
From the evidence of the mother of deceased,
it appeared that the child fell over a bench on the
26th ult, and dropped on his head. He was taken
with convulsions, and was attended by Dr. Hodg-
son, of Cradley Heath. The child never rallied,
but died on the 28th ult. The medical evidence
was to the effect that death resulted from shock,
caused by injuries to the spine.
A verdict of "Accidental death," was returned
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-02-06

THE OPENING OF PARLIAMENT.

The session of Parliament was heralded last night
by the usual full-dress dinners. The Duke of Rich-
mond's guests included the Duke of Cambridge, the
Earl of Donoughmore and Lord Rayleigh (the mover
and seconder; of:the Address), and thirty-one other
Conservative peers. Mr. Disraeli entertained the
Speaker, the Hon. Edward Stanhope and Mr. White-
law (the mover and seconded of the Address in the
House of Commons), and thirty-six members of the
Government. Mr. Secretary Hardy, the Lord Ad-
vocate, and the Attorney-General were unavoidably
absent.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-02-06

CRADLEY HEATH, HALESOWEN, AND DISTRICT CFI ROME.

PRINTING! PRINTING ! ! PRINTING !! !

S. FIELD,
GENERAL PRINTER,

92, HIGH-STREET, STOURBRIDGE.

SF. begs to thank his kind supporters for the liberal patronage he has received since his
• commencement in the above Business, and trusts, by strict personal attention, to merit a continuance of
their support.

ALL ORDERS EXECUTED WITH

REASONAB
PRINTING DEPARTMENT.

PROMPTNESS AND DISPATCH, ON

iE FERms.

Auctioneers' Catalogues, Sermons, Concert, and
other Posters.
Handbills, Circulars, Cards, Programmes, Bill
Heads.
Club Articles, Address Cards, Post Cards,
And ALL KINDS of PRINTING, in Black or
Coloured Inks.

SATURDAY. FEBRUARY 6, [875.

Messrs. Li- savant & Son, slembants, Leeds.—" For
Continental information -- the importance of your
method of obtaining information from more than one
channel speaks for itseif—pleasnre in recommending
your offices."
Messrs. Buckley & Sons. Manufacturers, 3,4, and 5,
Greek strect, Leeds, and 79, Basinghall-street, London.
" Superior to any other office."
Messrs. Lister and Co., Manningham Mills, Bradford,
Yorkshire.—" Reliable, aliich we attribute to your
excellent rule of insisting on several independent
bounces of information in each case."
Messrs. Robinson & Claw. 37, Albian-street, Leeds.—
" Your Further ' and 'Final' reports must ensure
accuracy—specially recommend this valuable feature."
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-02-06

STOURBRIDGE

CHURCH OF ENGLAND ASSOCIATION'.

The Committee beg to announce that the

•
ANNUAL SOIREE -

Will take place
IN THE CORN EXCHA
UN MONDAY, FEB URARY Bth, 1875.. ,

Tea will be served punctually at Six o'clock.
After Tea' the Chair will be taken by the Rev. D..-
ROBERTSON, M.A., at Half-past Seven o'clock.
After Two or Three Short Addresses, a MUSICAL
EN TERTAINMENT and READINGS will be given.
Accompansist. Mr. Blund‘
Tickets, One Shilling Each, may be had at Mr.
B room hall's, Mr. Mark's and Mr. Archer Clarke's.
Admission, after Tea, Sixpence.

CORN EXCHANGE, STOURBRIDGE.

FOR ONE NIGHT ONLY.

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9th.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-02-06

PETITION.

After a protracted inquiry, occupying twelve days,
Mr. Commissioner Saunders, Q.C., gave judgment
in the Kidderminster municipal election petitions
on Wednesday. In the South Ward, decided last
Friday, two the Liberal Town Councillors petitioned
against retained their seats; and in the North
Ward, where Mr. I. Hampton, carpet manufactuer
was returned second on the poll, the learn.d Com-
missioner held that although he was not in the
least implicated in any act of bribery, yet upon
the question of general corruption in the town on
the day of the election he was bound to declare
the seat void, which gives Mr. Hampton the op-
portunity of again contesting the seat.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1875-02-06

NEW WORK BY DR. SMITH.

Now Ready, 96 pages, Free by Post for Two Stamps,
•
WIDE TO CURE OF DEBILITY, OR
VT Health Lost aid Regained. By HENRY SMITH.
N. D., of the Royal Univesity of Jena, Author of " The
Warning Voice," &c. "GUIDE TO CURE OF DE-
BILI.I X" gives Rules for the Cure of Netvous Exhaus-
tion, Indigestion, Rheumatism, Dimmness of Sight,
Weakness. Low Spirits, Nervous - Debility, Painful
Dreams, Mental and Physical Depression, Indecision,
Impaired Memory, Loss of Energy, Pains in the "Back,
Timmidity, Dizziness, Love of Solitude, Groundless
Fears, &c. Addressed to Sufferers from Debility, and
other Diseases resulting from Exhaustion of Nerve-
power, the effect of Indit,cretion. Gives PRESCHIP-
-11ONS and INSTRUCTIONS by which Thousands
-have been restored to health and vigour. Illustrated
with Testimonials from grateful patients who have been
cured by Dr. Smith after all other means had failed.
"Dr. Smith has published some excellent advice and
instruction for the Cure of Nervous Debility."—"Naval
and Military Gazette," April 6, 1873.
NOTICE.—A copy of "GUIDE TO CURE OF DE-
BILLITY" will be sent post free to any address, FREE
OF CHARGE, on receipt of stamped directed envelope.
Dr. H. SMITH, 8, Burton Crescent, London, W.. 0
IMPORTANT TO COUNTRY PATIENTS.

CONSULTATION BY LETTER WITHOUT FEE
DR. H. SMITH, the Eminent Specialist for
the Cure of all Debilitating Diseases, will, for the
benefit of Country Patients who cannot consult him per
sonally, on receiving descriptions of their case, send his
3pinion. with advice and directions for the most success-
ful restoration to health and vigour. . . .

IMPORTANT.—A form of correspondence containing
questions. &c., to assist the Patient in Describing his
case, will be sent post-free on receiving a directed
envelope.
Address, Dr. H. SMITH, 8, Burton-creacent,London
WC.