The Press.
London, England, 1855-06-16 00:00:00

THE MOVEMENT ON THE TSCHERNAYA.

The recent movement of the allied forces beyond
the Tschernays was a military spectacle of imposing
grandeur. The allied army consisted of (JOAO
French, English Turks, and Sardinians, all in the
highest state of efficiency, and desiring nothing better
than to confront the enemy in the held. From the
neighbouring heights the panoramic view was
splendid. Large numbers of Sardinians and French
passed by the right, and took Tchorgoum, a pretty-
looking place, with numerous poplars intermixed
with the buildings, and a large church-tower. It is
situated immediately behind a high hill, which is
formidibly intrcnched, and was frequently noted
during the reconnaissances towards the interior, and
is supposed to have been the head-quarters of Gene-
ral Soimonoff just before the battle of Inkermann.
The cavalry pushed over by the old Turkish redoubts,
the Cossacks having fallen back to the other side of
the Tschernaya. The movement of the army '
discovered by the Russians, a very great number
guns opened from almost inaccessible•looking
on the cliffs. Our troops poured up the hills, _
advancing rapidly, took the whole of the Russian
heights, a large redoubt, and several detached
batteries, but only succeeded in capturing two
some prisoners ( cavalry ), and a great number
cattle. The redoubt was destroyed, arid a new
was immediately commenced by the French.

cavalry took up their quarters on the banks of
Tschernaya, and the rest of the army, dispersed
different positions, began to light their fires and
pare breakfast. Then innumerable tents shot
and studded the large new tract of ground gained
the allies, the scene of the light cavalry charge,
robert's.hill, and the plain thence to the Tschernayot
being now permanently our ground. Such troops as
bad possession of the hills sheltered themselvail
under hastily-made bowers, until the tents arrived
the extreme right resting on the hills by the road to
Baidar. This celebrated valley has been designate&
the Taurian Arcadia and Crimean Tempe, and
miles in length and six in breadth, is beautifull'

livated, protected from violent winds, and irrigated
by clear streams falling from the hills. The
',roach to this noted valley is now occupied by
outposts of the allied army, and is described as
lovely,—a series of well-wooded and mountainous
hills, where the grey limestone rock rises massively,
and imparts great beauty to the landscape..---T
Correspondent.

RUSSIAN INFERNAL MACHINES.
Both by land and sea the Russians seem to
adopted various explosive contrivances, far more
jurious than successful, with the view of damaging
their enemies :

Some French soldiers who were retiring from a
cade which they had been attacking before Sebastopol
dropped upon their knees to take advantage of the in
qualities of the ground. One of them in so doing broke
small glass tube. They searched further and found
series of tubes filled with some substance of pale
colour. The specimens were carried to the camp,
the engineers found that. the substance was a mixture
fulminating powder, phosphorous, and saltpetre.
soldiers were sent, and, following the course of the
found that they led to wooden boxes buried about ,
inches in the ground. One of these boxes was removed
and found to contain flasks of explosive materials. In BJ'
forty•four of these boxes were found, all connected
means of tubes.

- Admiral Pruitt, describing the advance through
paasage of Cape St. Paul, int the Kertch expedition,
—" A great many ships had been sunk in the pass.
tered b 3 the currents and the melting of the ice,
ships were so many reefs, the appro ,ch to which was
reveled by soundings, and of the position of which
were entirely ignorant. The enemy had also laid '
and there at the bottom some infernal machines, like

we have found in the areenal of Kertch, where we

been able to examine them at our leisure. A triple ,
cased in gotta perch., connected these machines with
electric apparatus placed in the St. I'aul battery. In
manner it would have been easy, as soon as our ships ,
entangled in the pass, to cause these submarine petards
explode instantaneously under their sides, the effect
winch explosion must be decisive, provided it were
place at the precise moment."

Miss Nightingale, being convalescent from
late severe attack of fever, and recoinme
change of air by her medical attendant, Dr.
ley, principal medical officer of the Castle
pital, Balaklava, under whose care she has
thronghout her illness, was on the 30th ulti
carried down from the heights, accompanied
that officer and the Rev. Mr. Parker, and put
board the Jura for England, where it is hoped
will speedily recovers and be able to resume
duties in the Bast.

THE BALTIC FLEET.
(From a Correspondent.)
MAY 29.—Nothing new to.day. Occasional prizes
(such as they are) arrive, generally consisting of
wretched coasting vessels laden with wood. We
take the wood On board to use in lieu of coal, and
generally make targets of the vessels. Their crews
almost always escape in their small boats, and our
cruisers never trouble themselves about them. The
Magieienne captured five large boats laden with
granite, every block being eat and numbered, bound
to Cronstadt. This, though the granite is of no value,
is important, as they have no stone at Cronstadt,
getting their supplies from some distance down the
gulf.

MAY 30.—Cosilaek and Esk arrived from their
cruising-ground off Hango, and report that all the
troops are withdrawn from that neighbourhood to
Sweaborg. There is very good anchorage close to the
shore there, which, now that our troublesome friends
have taken their departure, will doubtless be made
use of by our cruisers.
MAY 31.—At ten o'clock this morning the fleet
weighed, and steamed in line abreast towards Cron-
stadt. At three anchored three miles west of Tol-
buchni lighthouse, about seven miles from the
harbour and forts. The admiral immediately after
our anchoring went on board Merlin, accompanied
by Admiral Seymour and their respective staffs, and
proceeded towards this celebrated Russian strong-
hold to reconnoitre, the Euryalus, Magicienne, and
Dragon accompanying them as an escort. On
their return we found that they had approached
the forts to the distance of 3,000 yards, and
had obtained a good view of the position which is
expected by onr over-sanguine friends in England
to be forced by the fleet. It is clear that on account
of the narrowness of th 6 passage only one line-of-
battle ship could pass through at a time into the
harbour of Cronstadt, and every ship as she passed
would have to run the gauntlet of about 1,200 guns,
each of which, from the scientific arrangements,
are prepare L for our reception, and would in all
probability have effect. Allowing, however, for the
sake of argument, that the speed of our steam line
of-battle ships, backed by the cool determination of
their captains, enabled them to gain the harbour
where the shipping (the object of our attack) lay,
they would find themselves, as it were, in a basin
surrounded by casemated batteries pointed into its
centre, heavily backed by the guns of twenty five line-
of-battle ships, who would throw a raking fire into
our advancing vessels. It would be a great stretch
of imagination to presume that they would gain their
object and destroy the Baltic fleet ; brit, supposing
they had done so, they must return as they came in,
under a galling fire. I trust I have been sufficiently
explicit to show, even to people unacquainted with
naval tactics, how utterly impracticable to ships this
place heas been made—at all events, by the usual
entrance. There is some idea that we might shell
the fleet from the north side of the island, but the
shallowness of the water in this case becomes the
difficulty. To-morrow the admiral is to have a look
in that direction, so that he may judge for himself
as to the practicability of this scheme. By a refer-
ence to the chart you will, perhaps, more fully
understand what I wish to convey to you regarding
Cronstadt generally, and our hopes and fears as to
attacking it.
JUNE I.—The admirals with their numerous staffs
returned from their reconnoitring tour to the north
of the island this evening. Of course, it is impossi-
ble to know what opinion they have formed, but it is
whispered that they deeply feel the want of mortar
vessels, floating batteries, gun-boats, &c., which we
have been all given to understand were to have made
their appearance long ere this. Now there is no
cholera, and the weather is charming. Next month
who can say to what extent the cholera may rage,
or to what scorching heat our attacking parties may be
exposed? Three French screw line of-battle ships
under Admiral Penaud (a man who has made for
himself a name as a gallant and enterprising officer)
arrived here this evening, anti the usual salutes and
ceremonies passed between the English and French
ch"efs. The French liners are named the Tourville
(ft kg), the Austerlitz (90), and the Duquesne (90),
wi ti a screw-corvette.
JUNE 2.—The English and French admirals have
bo h gone in to-day, so perhaps there is an idea of
trying something; but we want our vessels of light
draught. Bulldog arrived from Faro to-day.
JUNE 3.—The commanders-in-chief returned last
night, having been employed all day in surveying
and otherwise reconnoitring the north side—in fact,
t ley were well in range of the enemy's guns, who,
however, not knowing the illustrious personages
who were so daringly exposing themselvesf did not
(=descend to fire at them. The weather here is