The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1872-10-19 00:00:00

LORD SALISBURY ON EDUCATION.

On Friday afternoon, in la,t week, the Marquis of
Salisbury attended a meeting in the Free Trade Hall,
Manchester, to dietribute prizes and certificates,
awarded as the result of the Oxford Univeraity ex-
amination in the MancheBter centre,

- .
The Afayor of Manchester took the chair.
Dr. 11. J. Marcus havin4 read a report upon the
local examinations of the University,
Lord Salisbury said—l accepted, I one I hardly say, with
groat gratification the Invitation, kindly addreAseit to me
by Dr. Marcus to attend on the present OCCAsion, nod
that not only because I 2111 closely arid specially c nneeted
with the University to whose mo-rtioi's these examina-
tions are owing, but localize I believe that for the en-
couragement of education in which we are now so eamestly
concerned, this lathe brat and soundest movement that has
yet been instituted ; that it is a movement ,d no common
extent, an inelicateO by the facts which Di.. Marcus has de-
tailed to you. Thirty-five thow.unil c nothlates hove Leen
examined by the ITniverdties of Oxford and C .mbridne.
think it ti not a little to the credit oi these ancient societies,
trammelled to s..tne extent as all ancient a nodes will be by
tic trioiniuns whVa they have bight (WWII froti nicest
times, that they have accommodated tin mselves so readily
and pr fliptly to the demands of our modern age, and have
given all example which will tic the most effective pro-
voter of the spread of popular education that tnis age has
attaiiiml. t venture to give it that pre-eminence, even in
this stirring mot busy time of educational action, because it
Is in questionable that the other undertakings in which we
are engaged for the spivad of education have about them
mach that Is hopeful, but much that is problematical add
doubtfuL

We have, within the last two or three years, entered upon
anew educational policy towards the vast mess of our fellow
subject'. We have made arrangements for providing them
with the minim of education at the public expense, and we
have also called in the rowere of the Law to ensure that the
children who venire ex ucation should not be absent from
the means which the Legislature otters. I do net say any-
thing &tout the wisdom of thus policy. It was effected with
the common consent of both parties in the State and all
the nI.SS eminent men in the Kingdom, and you may take it,
I think, as a led as ccrtain an any in modern polities can
be, that when the eminent men leading the various parties
in the country agree upon a policy, that policy may be Caen
as right and just (Cheers) Tut though I entirely bow to
the authority of their decision, I cannot conceal from my-
self that whenever • thing which might be done and
ought to be done by the energy of individuals is nu-
dertaken by the State, there is something somewhere
that is unusual, It is a sign either that the
State encroaches beyond the boundary, within which
it. ought to confine its exertions, or that ineividuals are too
slack and negligent to recognise the duties which Provi-
. deuce has imposed upon them. Though it may he suite right
to meet an exceptional want by exceptional nit ans, yell most
not expect to escape the penalty winch always attends tense
who depart for any reseon from a sound principle. The
middle and upper classes have received to apply the paternal
principle of government for the education of the lower
etudes. I do not dispute the wisdom of their decision, but
1 ant afreid the result will be that the machinery they em-
ploy will not be equal to the expectations they entertain,
and also that In teaching the lower classes the lemmas of
useful knowledge they will unteach them something that ts
still mere velueble than even Grit useful knowledge—
namely the iudependence and the liberty which is the
special characti ris tic of Eng:isitmen. (Cheers) That is my
fear, and already you see how many difficulties you have to
meet in this policy of p denial education. Von come
across that terrinie religious difficffity at once. Tea meet
with pa pie on the one side who will tell you that
they will toot have the public money employed in the
pr:pagation of donnas ; while other people will tell you
that they will not have the public use ney emidoyed for the
support if an atheistical eduation. Both tales are equally
sincere; both rides are equally couvinced that whet the
other party recommends is absolutely inconsistent with the
public weal ; and you may depend upon it that so long RS the
system of State support iontinues, an long this coffin teeny
will rage. Then you have the difficulty of machinery ; yea
have entrusted education to boarls popularly elected. It is in
the genius of English people and English inetitutions that if
the Government is ter undertake it, you should do it in that
way, but I am sorry to say that when boards are elected,
especially when they are elected to do something which does
not fall naturally within tl:e atributei of Governmeut, thin
f. eture may be discovered in their ;idiom, that they begin by
being enthusiastic and extravagant, aid they are very apt to
end in being wooden. (Laughter.) At first they are set in
motion by the earnest and excellent meat, whom tile move-
ment is owing from which they spring. Those earliest wen
take their place upon the board, and work its machinery in
carrying out titer end; they work it without much regard to
what they consider a vulgar consideration, viz., that of the
rateptyers' pickets; but after a time the rate bills ceme in,
and the ratepayers have to pay, and thea the ratepai era
begin to cry our, and the earnest and excellent men no longer
get elected to the board. (Hear.) Tacit' place at the board
is gr.ually filled by gentlemen of an offieial turn of mind,
whese main purpose it is, not so much to merit praise as to
avoid reproach, and the system gradually falls into that
wooden meth-mica' groove widen distinguishes all ad-
ministrative action of Government, whether it be local or
imperial
Now, don't understand me, in saying this, to he casting
blame on any men, or any set of men. We were driven into
a corner by the indifferenee of the parents of this country;
but doe't, on the ether heed, conceal from yourselves that
you have compromised with an unsound principle in order
to meet a momtntaiy necessity, and do net r gard as per-
rime. t the syatem nbich, mrier that exigency, you have
edepteil I ineutien these things—though they do not affect
the dam with eh.m we leave to deal—(to entrant
them with the thdrouthly healthy :levees to which our
ceremoay of this day is due. In tale case, we have no
rehgtous difficulty to contend e ith, because We do
not interfere in any way with the natnral discretion
of the parents. Permits may educate their children
manly as they please; .d all that the beards, which act
in conjunction with the univeraitie4, have to do, is to as-
certain that secular knowledge has been troperly imparted.
We do not run the risk of any governmental dsticie.mes in
the admintstr ties of machinery, becaese we do not ask for
Governmeet assistance in any way, and we this system re-
repreaents what ought to be toe nermal action of that class
. • .

wtoch is already in the poisession of knowledge upon that
class which is deficient in it. The system which h. been
lately adt.pted by Parliament is an almoimal system. Do
x 1,4 on secount of that legislation abandon jour action do
not ,latken your zeal in ben; it of that which, when all the
pr, sent excitement about education has passed away, will
be recognised as the only true and he Ati,y. way In nhlob
..

cation can be promoted amongst the peoplo. (Cheers)
Some dllcussion has recently arisen as to what the real
ben, fits of education ar . It is a very old subject, but it h a
. . .

subject which Is at the same time pecpetuesby new, because
our expertenee with respect to it is perpetually growing. At
tie time It was thought education would sam all crime ; it
was thought at another time that It would atop all poverty.
e have had to abandon that view, but do not, because our
forefathers may have happened to entertain exam rated ex-
pectations, blind yourselves to the enora,ms benefit which,
though they do not reach any such absolute summit, educa-
tion is yet capable of conferring on those who avail them-
selves of its advantages. I do not believe that on the general
amount of crime education would for a considerable time
have any effect and as to the general amount of poverty, it
would never have any effect in placing two classes upon a
reel in dealing with each other in the labour market.

nomai (i
life In that citY is--
--
from Witch I look to educe- -
part
tt tonf- -
from
a benefits. is no doubt A PLEASANT PLACE TO LIVE IN !—A letter
Wu for great nil importalla
But them Is one Point of view
alb:ago thus describes the present uncertainty of
t
it, or, I may say, in all parts of it There is a pursuit of un- "At night lam sometimes detained by business until a
hus:et.hitiatthstursg
society, especially
There
healthy excitement given by stimulants. And there is the late hour. On such occasions Ido as the rest of the fellows
etitge iisistol'ite'c'tilratth
more terrible excitement of gambling In its various forms, to here have note to do, and carry a revolver. There was a num
which I fear almost every class of society gives itself up. shot here lase eight; and on Saturday night, two shot and
But M the niiiltit of maul. that is discouragieg, though we one stabbed within a radius of a quasar 0' a mile front where
see that these forms of morold excitement are still pursued, we live. Probably when the city is rebuilt the polic- mill
we have one or two consoling facts to mark our progress. alter matters. But at the time of the fire awl since then all
There Is that fact which has been m ferred to again and again, the ' Rowdies of the it came hem to pick up as hat they
"
and which cannot be too often remembered, that a hundred could Wi th regard to the progress of relnulang, the letter
years ago the upper mid middle classes were as much given to goes on to say that hundretla of the most magnificent Muhl-
iidoxication as one portion of the lower classes is now: logs are being erected one after etiother, forming miles of
, and there lithe fact that they have been cured. Whore streets. The city whets rebuilt will probably be the finest
you have the disease, and when you have the cure, surely in the world.
we may look without presumption to some law which will DIVING FOR THE DEAD.—It is known tha
enable us to get rid of the disease. The difference between
that age and this is the enormous spread of education..
ythe Oothard steamer foundered a few weeks ago in the
Account for the chat's° in this way—l believe it to be phy- middle of the Lake of Zurich. A diver nammi Hess
steal change. The powers with which nature has endowed has just made a descent at the spot where the vessel
us must find sme exercise; for if we have not sufficient disappeared. He remained about a quarter of an hoar
muscular exercise, and if we do not find brain : xemise by the under water, during which time he discovered the
thorough cui Ovation of ' ur minds, we shall feel that morbi,l
body of Millie. Gyisin, a teacher, of Basle. Hess was
craviug for excitement which ri sults in
n intoxicatio
raeonutn,But i.
enabled to fasten a cord to the corpse, and then gave
dehanettery, In nameless evils which !need et .
the euormous advantage of storing the mind with know- the signal tobe drawn up along with it. As he did not
ledge, with subjects 01 thought, it, that when this pressure discover traces of any other victims, there turn doubt
fir excitement comes upon you—a pressure winch is purely at present only two persons lost their lives by the
physical, aud must in the course of nature come to all— catastrophe.
when this comae upon y u, if pet have subj.°.
• . `s of ntel-
lectu .1 interest and exeitement, you will imt be misledl it , THE MEDICAL EDUCATION OF WOMEN.—Mr.
morbid excesses; but if you have not stored your brain with Walter Thomson, London, has sent to the Committee
mmethieg to give that yearning of nature a proper vent, you for securing & complete Medical Education for Women
will assuredly go into ex.,' se. which produce the national
in Edinburgh a check for £SOO, being the first moiety
lee which we en ofteu to d mdor e. I look, therefore, s., ~,,,,m,,
"
to consrantly increasing have
culture a. mailiably the m.....t , ffi•dent ot , atd Pm it sed by him. He desires the money to
remedy which Providence h . placed in our hands against be applied " (1) in payment of expenses that have to
those moral defects of which each class in the nation are be incurrml in prosecuting the claim of women to the
only ton entity. That Is one of the great advautages which highest medical education (obtainable in the University
are secured by education; and lam sure all, in proportion of Edinburgh and else where ; anti (2) in assisting or
as they Merman in culture, will lest Its truth. encouraging lady students who have been subjected to
tages
But th tim
ere are dangers at the same
into eas there are Wean. extra charges by the obstacles interposed in Edin-
We are engaged in lam:ening life many whom
"
we have encouraged to cultivate their brain beyond w bur h.hat 14
perhaps they might otherwise have done, it is our duty to TELEGRAPHY.—Under the title Statistics of
I
point out and dwell to sums extent mem these datigsrs. Telegraphy, Sir James Anderson has publishe.. with
when speak of
be danger, I do not mean to say a thing which
I • Id d t but which is to be guarded
may necl
esatri y yin e o, many illlM.trative tables, a paper which he read before
against. Now, the dancer is that a man or woman the statistical Society ' in June last. Ite object is to
should think that het:atlas tin ir mind is cultured they draw a wide distinction between internal and inter-
are above their work. Don't degrade intellectual culti- national telegraphy, and to show that in the former,
ration en as to think that it is a matter of caste , which is largely used for messagee of a social and
or that because your mind is cultured yon are less flt domestic character, every reduction of tariff is followed
to do any duty as Melt might otherwise be cast upon
b 1 '
you ;or think that any labour has become discreditable ~ . , _. y a arse increase of custom. With telegraphs in the
which you might othereise have performed. (Cheers,) hands of the State, the increase of custom means an
If year mind is cultivated and you are called by that increased convenience to the public, and may therefore
situation lit life in which you are placed—in other words, If be worth obtaining even at the cost of some loss to the
you are called by Prvidenee to perform any labour, even the revenue. In international telegraphy, however, the
coarsest awl most menial labour, if soft oe, you not oely will !
messages due to social relations have little place, aud
be not les. ntted, but you will be more fitted to perform that
task, because you will have consolations opeued to you by the commercial messages are scarcely affected by tariff.
pleasures which instruction has placed at your disposal— The conclusion is that high tariffs should rule upon all
consolations which are denied to the less happy comrades foreign lines, and that they will earn the largest
among whom you work. Nothing can he more dangerous to dividends for shareholders at the smallest possible cost
you than the idea that such work is degrading because your for working.
minis are caltivated. It is no ideal danger ; it is an evil
which spreads through all classes of it ciety. At this moment A STRANGE MESSAGE FROM THE SEA.—The
what are called the liberal professioni are overstocked be- Boston Advertiser publishes a letter which was picked
cause the sons of clergymen and imeyert, educaDd as their up on shore at Wood's Hole a few days since, It is
fathers have been, shrink from going into bus Men. At this
moment clerks and small tradesmen are content to vegetate said to be written by one of the late passengers of the
upon the most wretched pittance, while artisans and me- ill-fated American ship Menu. The Adrertiser says
(battles are earning a very comfortable livelihood around the letter was scribbled on commercial paper, and bore
them, because they think that, having been educated up to a every evidence of genuineness :
certain point, manual labour Is in some sense disgraceful to "August 30, 1b72. Out on the Ocian on a Raft a passenger
them. The thing has got in other couutries, I believe, to from the it fated Steamer Melia Lost thls morning and lam
even a worse condition than in ours. I think I recently saw left a lone to die if no vessel corns a crest me, mei now lam
that in Germany the wages of the bricklayer were consider- thiuking of home and friends that I long ago left, a wife and
slily higher thau the wages of the professor ; and I know 2 darling Children and But for this axeidend I should have
that from Australia the cry constantly comes. " Send us as Been with them. But god saw Mt otherwise. Oh lam ready
many men as you can who can work or who will work with and willing to go to him now as I shall perish hear as I have
their hands ,• but, for heaven's sake, send us no more clerks. no food only this Bottle of Spirits with rne. alay this fall
lawyers, or doctors, because we have more than enough of into ham that will have it put in to a paper and have it
them already." If that is the case ;if the ordinary laws of printed that Mks may know my fate. It is lonly to die with-
the market do not work ,if supply exceeds demand, and de- out friends to bee beer you in such a plam as this, but may
mend is not pradmiug supply, it must be dm to some dis- god hay mercy on me. lam a natty of New Castle pa and I
turbine cause In the notion—which I should like to brand by am not afraid to die. Tel my friends this, so good By AU,
every disgmceful term which could occur to me—that some A lone All alone to dIe.—CRARLEs ii. PAINE."
vocations are "genteel" and others are not. Depend upon
It, every honest labour to which a man may be called is per- SINGULAR DEATH OF A THIEF.—A professor
fectly coeslstent with his dignity as a man, and he is not of the piano, named Monett, (says Gal ignani,) was
only not lets lit, but he is More ftt toperform that avocation, crossing the Avenue Lacuee, Paris, on Friday night,
It he comes to It with a mind and brain properly prepared. when he was accosted by an individual miserably 1
(ApplattseS
Well, this is true with respect to men. What lathe case clothed, who implored his charity. He offered the
with respect to ve.ruen P The univeraltbs have given much man some soint, but the latter suddenly seized on the
attention to this question of the education of women, and I watch and chain of his benefactor, and took to Hight
earnestly hope they will continue to do so, and that they in the direction of the Magas prison. The professor,
win ail do their utmost to attract to Intellectual studies the recovering his astoniehment at such an act of audacity,
female population of thie countr y All the danger of which set off in pursuit o emaeac or an over
't f the 1 f t d took him.
I have spoken presses even more upon the female sex than
upon the male. All who know anything of the appeals for . , A struggle ensued and the thief, finding himself over-
assistance which are made, no I the misery into which unfor. matched, drew out a knife, but was unable to use it as
tunate persons of various classes fall, kuow that in the else he was in a moment thrown down with violence on the
of women it is constantly the fast that those who would he pavement Some paseengere then came up to inquire
capable of earning their own living if they only would niake what had happened, and on examining the man, who
up their minds that
ble,ll r
y 5 honest mode of
ally essuin
y g
or itis perfectly
remained motiiinless on the ground, discovered to their
credita wiathergrati awa, live upon .
such pittances as they can beg, than perform any Mint of astonishment that he had ceased to live. Death had
labour which they have not been educated to think "gm- been caused by a rupture of the vertebral culumn.
teel." I will hot dwell upon the subject. I could not The corpse was taken to the police-station in the
pursue it for, but I may say this. that I know it to be the Faubourg, St. Antoine.
fact that w bile this shirking from honest labour as ungent,Tl
is to men frequently mine., to women It is much Worse. HYDE PARK ORATORY.—The Commissioners
It often involves consequences which are fatal nat only to of \Yorke have caused to be erected in Hyde-park,
their physical but to their moral well-being. The evil in London, at exactly 150 yarde distance from the so-
their case ii one of enOrniMlS mismitude, avid I trust that named "Reformers' Tree," a granite pedestal and iron
in giving to the w omen of any class a MO,
the nuivenities will never h.tve to reproach themsemaim. lves th
Gam .at, sfand ar(l surmounted by a board to mark the spot
• their class has hitherto enjoyed, they have b lawful (and there only) to hold public
upon those women lest an advantege but a fatal gift. Don't meeting's. and inscribed with the following announce'
understand use as wishieg to discourage ambition. Amid- ment :
Wu U the
e vry life blood of any adieu and moving ciPiiimu" " The Notice Brard Respecting Public Ad hr
nity. By all means let men and women struggle to the et- publi c addres s may he deli vered except within 40 yards of
most to rise as high aa they can ;It them get up the ladder the notice board cm wltich this rule is inscribed."
as hizh and as fmt as they can ; hut don't let them abandon „
the lower round until they are quite sure that they have 'l 'he rule is to the following effect, and. is, in addition,
their hand upon the upper round. (Applause.) posted at all the entrances to the Park :
"No public address may be &livered unlms a aTitttn
notice of the intention to deliver the same, signed with the
names and !addresses of two hotereholders reaidieg iu the
metropolis, be left at the office of tier Majesty's W, rks and
Public Buildings at least two clear days before: such notice
must state the day and hour of intended delivery. After
such notice has been received, no other notice for the de-
livery of an address on the same day will be valid."
A STRANGE STORY.—A dream sm.; y has had
a singular fulfilment at the other side of the world.
The dreamer in this ea, e was a Chinese schohlboy at
Shanghai, who told hisechtmlnamter that he had
dreamed his stepmother neurdeted hint, and hid his re-
mains in a jar under the fl 'or of her house. The school-
master reaissureel his pupil at the moment, but subse-
quently, missing him for two slays from school,
remembered of the dream, and rashest to the house of
ins stepmother to inquire for the by. Receiving an
unsatisfactory answer, anti full of suspicion of foul
play, the man tore ma the flier of the room and found
the corpse of his pupil cut up'and stowed away ha ajar
precisely as the poem boy had described. The case has
been authenticated before the Chinese Courts and the
murderess executed, after being carried to the six gates
of the city to receive the extemationa of the people. All
that can be eurmised as a rational explanation of this
tale is that the lad had reason to fear and 'suspect his
stepmother's intentions, and so dreamed of the very
act she was already contemplating.
BREECH-LOADING CONUNDRUM.—When is a
Tailor a successful Sportsman I—Whett he cuts out
' and makes "bags."—Punch.
THE COAL QUESTION IN BELGIUM. The
Etoi I e of 13rossele says
"The coal question Is naturally attracting much attention
among the public. Prices are imreasing daily, and the de-
mand exceeda the prodUctlon to such a degree that the Bel-
gian owners refuse to accept contracts at fixed prices and
for delivery at stated period.. The fact cannot be eiseimm
bated that we are paining through a serious crisis, the prin-
cipal cause of which is the diminution of the yield in England,
brought about by the continued exigencies of the pitmen,
and which threaten to entail the most serions comequences
' upon our national industry. The moment is perhaps not
far distant when several of our manufactories will be forced
to suspend their works for want of fuel."
FATAL GUN ACCIDENT AT LIVERPOOL.—A
shocking gun accident occurred on Sunday at Broad-
green, LiverpooL Joseph Broughton, thirty-nine
years of age, poist man for the district, went out with
his son, taking with him a loaded gun for the purpose
of ehooting birds, of which he had a very large stuffed
collection. On lais way home Broughton put the stock
of the gun in one of his coat pockets and the barrel in
another, the latter hieing loaded; and when in the act
of getting over a wall it is supposed the barrel "banged"
against the wall, and it went off. The shot entered the
back of the right leg, just above the calf, blowing the
lower portion of his legcompletely off, which only hung
by a few of the sinewy. The poor fellow was taken
home in a cart, and shortly afterwards died from loss
of blood and severe shock to the ;system. He left a
wife and five children.

STARTLING 00CURRENCE.-011 Monday after-
noon a workman, who has been engaged in painting
the flagstaff which carries the Royal Standard on the
Round Tower of Windsor Castle, being anxious to
descend to the roof of the tower beneath him, took hold
of the rope with his hands for this purpose. While
painting he had been sitting upon a crutch, which,
thus being relieved of the man's weight, suddenly flew
up to the top of the staff while the painter quite as
suddenly descended to the roof of the tower to the
horror of the spectators beneath, who hurriedly sent
for Dr. Fairbank, one of her Majesty's surgeons, of
course expecting that the workman was severely in-
jured. Dr. Fairbank hastened to the Round Tower, but
the man, in themeantime, had re-ascended and resumed
his work. Upon the arrival of Dr. Fairbank, however,
he was not permitted to go on with it, although, it is
sail,he was unhurt. The occurrence created con-
siderable excitement in the Castle and town at the
moment.
ANOTHER EXTINGUISHER WANTED.—This is
too much. Here's Vesuvius wanting to break out again.
The seismographs supply most unpleasant information.
We do not want to be rude, but if the peace of the
Continent is again menaced by any inflammatory
action, appeal will lie to M.. VON BIOMARCH.-r-Punch.
MORE TERCENTARIES.—The Acting Committee
of the Scottish Reformation Society have adapted the
following minute :

'The committee, having taken into consideration that
the 24th of next month is the 300th anniversary of the death
of Jelin Knox, deem it fit, especially at the present time, to
acknowledge the hand of Gml In the great and manifold
blessings which He was pleased to bestow on this nation at
the time of the Reformation, chiefly through the instrumen-
tality of Knox ; and they also deem it a duty incumbent on
them at toe present time ti improve the oxusinn, as above-
meld ioned, in some suitable wo, by c thing public attention
to the great principles of the Reformation, and to the neces-
sity 1 r earliest olld ther,F ing efforts for the maintenamw
awl extension of these bles,iuga, as ell as for counteracling
tha unceasing efforts put forth to subvert and destroy the m. '
Is has been arranged to hold a public meeting in Edin-
burgh on Monday, the 25th of lb ovember. and a
prayer meeting on the evening of the previous Sabbath.
THE PRECIOUS METALS,—The accounts of the
imports and exports of gold and silver bullion and
specie registered at the Custom-home in the fl at three
quarters of the year 1872 show that the imports
amounted to £12,237,280, and the exports to
£22384938; eo that though there was much coming
and going, no surplus or balance stayedin this country.
The imports of gold amounted to £13,674,395, show-
ing a decrease of nearly two millions as compared with
the corresponding period of the preceeding year; and
the exports of Raid amounted to £14,519,599, an in.
crease of 3 millions. The imports of silver amounted
to £8,582,685, a decrease of nearly three million; and
the exports of silver amounted to £7,865,339, a de-
crease of above a million. The export of gold in the
nine months exceeded the import by nearly £850,000,
and the import of silver exceeded the export by nearly
£700.000. Above 'seven millions of gold arrived in this
country from the United States; the import of gold
from Australia declined from five millions in the tirst
three quarters of 1871 to four millions and a half in
the corresponding period of 1872. Gobi was exported
from this country chiefly to Germany (five minions),
South America, South Africa, and PortugaL The
chief imports cf silver were from the United States
(A millions), South America, and Germany; and the
export of silver was chiefly to India, to which above
four =Mono and a half went.

_
Tun Armous Doc !—A Breton peasant, on
his way to Paris, stopped at a barber's ;Mop in Ram.
bouilet. While the barber was stropping his razor,
the peasant noticed a dog sitting near his chair, and
staring at him fiercely. "What is the matter with
that dog?" The barber answered with an unconcerned
air, "That dog is always there. You see when I cut off
an ear—" "Well?" " Well, he eats it."
_ _ _ _

-
ARITHMETIC FOR MILLIONAIRE& —The fol-
lowing paragraph is going the round of Indian

papers :
The 4 hinese hare a moat ingenious method of reckoning
by the aid of the fingers, performing all the operation of ad-
dition, sulistractiou ,multiplication, awl division, with num-
bers from one up to 100,000. Every finger of the left hand
represents nine figures, us follows :—The little finger repre-
sents units, the ring linger tens, the middle 1114er
hundreds, the fore-linger thousands, the thumb tens of thou-
sands. When the three joints of each linger are touched
from the palm towards the Upthey count one, two, and three
of each of the denomivations a ahove mimed Four, too. and
six are counted on the back of the linger pAntsln the same way;
I sewn, eight, and nine are c, dieted nu the right ride of the
joints from the palm to the tip. Ihe forefinger of the right
hand is need se a pointer. Titus, 1, t, 3, 4 win.id be indi-
cated by first toviching the joint of the forefinger ; next the
hand ou the Inside; next the end joint of the ring finger
on the ivalde, next the mid.l!e joint of the middle
fidget on the inside, and finally the jomt of the little finger
next the hand on the out.ide. The reader will he able to
made further examples for himself."
"COULDN'T HELP IT."—The _leston Massa-
-

chuae—tts7Journa/ gives an account of a lad, twelve
years of age, who was brought before a magistrate of
that city on the 20th of September, chargetj with six
recent assaults on boys front five to eight years old,
and pleaded "Guilty" in all the cases. He 140 each
of these children to go with him to some olesotre place
or other, and then stripped his victim nak, d, and tied
him up to a tree or telegraph pole, and whipped him
or cut him with a knife. In some inetnices he cut
small holes under each eye of the boy, probably dis-
figuring him for life; in mune he stabbed the boy in
the back, or the legs, or about the head. No lees than
17 boys were arrested on suspicion before the real de-
linquent was found. He said he was very sorry for
what he had done, and could not tell what prompted
him to do it, and the only explanation he could give
was that he "couldn't help it." He was sent to a Re-
tormatory during minority.
FALL OF A SUSPENSION BRIDOE.—The
pension bridge known as the Pont de Constantine,
trected in 1838, to connect the island of Saint-Louis
with the goai Saint-Bernard, has fallen into the Seine.
It was suspended to two cables of iron wire, to which
were attached long reds, supporting the planks.
These bad been gradually worn away by the continual
oscillations caused by the tread of passengers, and the
iron had become ru-ty, so that it had been undergoing
repairs for nearly a month peat. At about five o'clock
on Tuesday afternoon in last week, owing to the
rupture of the cable on the side of the Jardin des
Plantes, it gave way. About 15 workmen were
collected on a scaffolding on the side of the Entrepot
des Vine, all of whom except two who remained on the
chains, were precipitated into the water. They were,
however, all rescued. The navigation was necessarily
interrupted, and the Bateaux-Mouches suspended their
service. During the evening sailors were actively en-
gaged in clearing away the floating fragments. Pas-
sengers were at first subjected to a toll, which was
abolished in 1848.

THE SQUIRE, THE CAPITALIST, AND THE LA-
BOURER. - Mr. Raskin, in "Fors Ciarigera" for
October, remarks:—

-
In the ancient and hitherto existent condition of things,
the snake to essentially an idle person who has possession of
land, and lends it, but dues not use it , and the capitalist Is
essentially an tile person, who has possession of tools, and
lends them, but does not use them; while the labourer, by
definition, is a laborious person, and by presumption a penni-
less one, who is obliged to borrow both land and tools, and
psOng, for rent MI the one and profit on the other, what
rail maintain the squire and capitalist, digs finally a remnant
of roots, wherewith to maintain himself.
TESTIMONIAL TO A BRICKFIELD REFORMER.-

It will be recollected that the recent legislation which
has so much ameliorated the condition of the children
of the bricktields of Leicestershire and other parts of
England is largely due to the energy of Mr. George
Smith, of Coalville, who has expended much time,
pains, and money on his task. It is now proposed to
raise a testimonial to Mr. Smith. A committee has
been formed for that purpose, and nearly a hundred
pounds have been already collected by private exers
tions. The subscriptions and committee lists include
the names of the Duke of Rutland, the Earl of Shaftes-
bury, Earl Fortescue, Lord John Manners, MP.,
Mr. J. Dove Harris, MP., Sir George Beaumont,
Bart, Mr. Bass,. jun„ M.P., Mr. W. U. Heygate,
M.P.. Rev. Canon Kininley. Mr S. W. Clowes; M.P.,
Mr. P. A. Taylor, Al. P., Mr. Shipley Ellis, deputy
chairman of the Midland Railway Company; Mr.
Muudella, M.P., Mr. R. Hiker, her Majesty's In-
soector of Factories ; Rev. Canon Argleo, and Mr. I'.
Tertius Paget, of Hutnterstone, Leicester, late M.P.
for South Leicestershire, who is the treasurer to the
fund.

PATRIOTISM AND PORCELAIN !—Patriotism is
a noble virtue, but it sometimes makes great demands
upon human patience and forbearance, and this would
seem peculiarly true of the patriotic emotions which
have lately swayed the mixed population of Alsace. A
typical case is reported, in which an Alsatian woman,
with feminine persistency, worried her husband inces.
santly with the view of inducing—him to go over to
France. Being a email landowner, he peremptorily res
fused to do anything of the kind. Madame, however,
still insisted upon his migration with much fluency of
speech, and, at length, her eloquence attained such
alarming proportions that her lord became exasperated.
Accordingly, with infinite tact and good sense, he
broke not a little of the household furniture, and wound
up by smashing five plates in succession on his wife's
pate. She RUlvived U e war of chins, and summoned
her husband before the Juge de l'aix—a Prussian.
Monsieur declared, in intennation of his conduct, that
he had a right to smash his crockery if he lilred, but
the judge, while admitting his abstract right, remarked
that the mode which he had taken was open to objec-
ti, u, and fined him in conseipierce. Madame, it is
stated, finally packed up all the movables which had
survived her husband's fury, and left with them for
France.
Two PRESIDENTS.—GRANT, R.A. and GRANT,

U.S --Punch.
DEATH OF A MILLIONAIDE.—Sir David Baxter,
Bart., head of the great firm of Baxter Bros. and Co.,
flux and jute spinners, Dundee, died at his residence,
Fift-shire, on Sunday evening. Sir David,
besides conducting a most extensive business, took a
deep interest in all philanthropic movements, and few
men have devoted their personal means for public pur-
poses with so bountiful a hand. In 1861 he provided a
park for Dundee. About the same period he received
a baronetcy, and subsequently gave large money gifts
to Edinburgh and St. Andrew's Universities, and during
his life local charities were liberally aupported. He
last act was to endow a convalescent hospital at about
£35.000. He is reported to have left fully a million
sterling. Sir David was in the 79th year of his ages
He les yes a widow, but no family, and it is underatood
his landed estate will descend to his nephew, Mr. E. W.
Baxter, M.P., Secretary to the Treasury. Mr. Baxter
intenled addressing his constituents, but in conse-
quence of his uncle's death his meetings have been in.
definitely postponed.
THE LAW OF STEELY AND DEMAND.—Speak.
leg at the annual dinner of the Southwell (Notts)
Agricultural Society, Mr. W. Hodgson Barrow, M.P.,
said he did not look forward with any great satisfac-
tion to the coming winter, and he was therefore most
anxious to impress upon all the importance of encour-
aging a kindly feeling between employer and employed.
Ile was quite satisfied about the importance of that,
and he only hoped and trusted that the interests of the
agriculturists would cease to be disturbed by those
combinations which threatened elsewhere, but which,
he hoped, would never take place in that part of the
country. (Hear, hear.) Ile was convinced that the
question must be govern 11l by-and-bye, at all events,
by the law of supply and demand, and it was for that
reason he wished to impress upon farmers the necessity .
of being on friendly terms with their labourers. One
of the chief reasons why the law of supply and demand
was not carried outwas becatise the men demanded
extortionate prices, but it was to be hoped that it
would be rectified by conciliation. He had every con-
fidence in the good sense of his fellow-countrymen that
those grievances could be amicahly settled without
agitators coming down amongst them to excite
between employer and employed.
MD DDLEBY JuNerfon.— Overworked points-
man (puzzled) : "Let's Fee I there's the aeliSbioll.
were due at 445, and it ain't in ; then, afore that, were
the 'mineral,'—nn ! that must ha' been the 'goods,'—
or the 'cattle,' No ! that were after, —rattle's shunt-
ing now. Let's see ! fast train came through at—con-
found ! and here comes 'the exprees' afore its time,
and bleat if I know which line she's on ! ! '—Punch.
THE Loss OF TILE " A RETuce."— -By the In-
man mail steamer City of Antwelp, which arrived at
Queenstown on Sunday, confirmatory intelligence is
brought from San Francisco of the destruction by fire
of the Pacific steamer America, at Yokohama, on
.Afm
jr..214...ew Three American,,
lost. America
Three s '5B
Chinese,
hundred thousand and
anunumber
dollars and a light cargo remained on board when the
vessel was burned. The Court of Inquiry reported
that the fire was the result of intention, not of acci-
dent. The inducement is believed to have been the
native antipathy towards the steamship company, or
officers, or to the fact that the Chinese passengers were
supplied with large sums of money. The Court was
also of opinion that the fire migbt have been prevented
had there been expedition with the fire-hoses. The
America is stated to have been the largest wooden ship
afloat.

PEDESTRIANISM EXTRAORDINART.—A Pub-
lishing friend says, that the exorcise he likes best is a
run upon a book—Punch.
AGRICULTURAL EL DORADO.—There are three
wheat farms in ths San Joaquin Valley (says the San
Froneiseo Balkan), with :kiwis respectively of 36,000
acres, 23,000 acres, and 17,000 acres. On the largest
of these farina the wheat crop this year is reputed
o be equal to an average of 40 bush, is to the acre,
the yield running up on seine paits of the farm to
GO bushels. The product of this farm for the pre.
sent year in 1,440,000 bushels. The boundary on
one side of this farm is about 17 miles long. At
the season of ploughing ten four-horse teams- were
attached to ten gang-pt tughs, each gang having four
ploughs—or 40 horses with as many ploughs were
started at the same time, the teams following in close
suceeseion. Lunch or dinner was served at a midway
station, and supper at the terminus of the field, 17
miles distant from the shirting point. The teams
returned on the following day. The wheat in this im-
mense field was cut with 20 of the laigest reapers, and
we believe has now 411 been threshed and put in
sacka. It would require over 40 ships of medium
size to transport the wheat raised on thin farm to a
foreign market, Even the sacks required, would
make a large bole in the surplus money of
most farmers. We have not the figures touching
the product of the other two farms, but presume that
the average is not much below that of the first. There
are thousands of tons of wheat which cannot be taken
out of the valley this reason, and must remain over as
dead capital, or, what is nearly as undesirable, will
only command advances at heavy rates of interest The
Snelling Arous suggests the building of a narrow-gaz:
road from Stockton through Snelling to Merced
Such a road would be of great importance to the
farmers along the entire Ike,

--r-

The BISHOP of HEREFORD on the ANTI-
QUITY of the ANGLICAN CHURCH.
Dr. Atlas, Bishop of Hereford, formerly vicar of
Leeds, preached on Sunday evening in the palish
cl orch. In the course of his sermon, speaking of the
Church Congress, he said that Churchmen ought to be
thoroughly well persuaded that their own Church had
a most real and important work to perform, and that
a most real and substantial assistance was supplied to
her for carrying out that work. It was well that from
time to time she should be reminded of this, and con-
sider how far she VAS fulfilling her mission. The Church
a England claimed to be built upon the rock of which
our Saviiiur spoke to St. Peter, and to beta true branch
of the Chnrch Catholic. As a Church she was an old
an Christianity itself. They might believe, as surely
an they might believe any historical fact, that the
Church of England was founded in the apostolic age,
and there was no valid reason that be knew of against
the atatament that some of the Apostles preached the
gospel in the British Isles. It might he convenient
for certain persons to afourne that the Church of Eng-
land owed her existence to the Church of Rome ; but it
was not true. It hat been shown to demonstration
that no trace could be found of any bishop of Rome ,
basing exercised any eccrosiastical authority whatever
for the tint six hundred years after Christ in this roust-
try. As for any supposed authority acquired by the
Bishop of Rome in coosequence of the conversion of the
Saxons by Angnst Me. such assumption was not tenable
Or 3 Single moment. There was a Christian bishop and
a Christian chinch at Canterbury before the arrival of
Augustine. Dr. Atlay said he believed that the time
was coming when the Church of Eogland must be
prepared to make good many of her claims and
justify many of her assumptions. She never would do
this if the more mtelligent of her children would not
prepare themselves fairly to judge of the points at issue.
There was no such fatal danger for her as ignorance on
the part of the laity. It woe for the clergy to lead the
way. They needed to be in the front at all times, but
so long as hold and intrepid assertions were made anti
insidious assertions thrown out, if they fell upon ground
unprepared to receive them, the result could not fail to
he prejudicial to the Church. The dependence of the
Church of England upon Rome must not be admitted
for a single moment, nor must it be admitted that
she only became the Church of England at the
time of the Reformation. It was impossible for
Churchmen to be too cautious many admissions they
might make upon such a subject as this. It was now
a very common argument to ioty that if every one had
their own, the endowments and the benefices of the
Church of England belonged to the Roman crouton
Mon, inasmuch as they were given to the Roman
Church. To this an intelligent layman would reply in
s moment, that the Church of England did not separate
herself from the Catholic Church at the Reformation,
and that the endowments and the benefices were given
to the Church of England, and still belonged to her.
She was the Church of England still, reformed, thank
God, but the same Church to which her children in the
earliest days belonged. Might God grant that her connec-
tion with the Church of primitive days might never be
severed, and that her catholicity night always be pre-
served, but it never would be unless they were clear as
to the ground upon which they stood.