The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1868-11-28 00:00:00

DEATH OF MAZZINI.

The Pearie of Monday evening announced to the world the At the annual dinner of one of the Roman Catholic
deaethfact, of Jose
does
state eit
ph alauini The telegram simply recorded charities which tgmk place at the " Albion "in Alders-
th and not her the time of the great
Italian's death or the place in which it occurred. The MI- gate-street, London, on Monday evening, Archbishop
hewing hioeraphy is taken from the latest edition of "Men of Manning referred to the general election. He said
the Time"— that the great question which had for its object the
Martini, Joseph, born June 28, 1808, at Genoa, rendering of justice to Ireland was not so intricate
where his Lithe r was a medical practitioner, and a as some would suggest; those who considered that
university professor of his science, was educated for the it (night to take a long time to settle were peepls
law at the same university, and, resolving to do what who really did not wish it settled at all. Within
he ct told to awaken ids fellow-countrymen to Ms the last ten days the people of this country had
notions of pirlitical life, established the Genoa. Intlicator, ! been performing a work a hich some prophets hart
in which he discussed Questions touching the future of foretold would be universally marked with tumult
Italy. The Italian Governments, having been much ' and slaughter. Ile for min had never believed
troubled by Carbonarism, united in a league against ' so. It NV:11, true that there had been much disturbance
liberal opinions, and although Nlazzini did not sym- L in districts which hail been excited by pestilential fire-
pathise with the men who formed the secret societies, bands, but those disturbances were not wide-spread.
he joined the Carlionari, for the reason assigned in The'. No Popery" cry had most signally failed. Men
the folbrwing note to the last edition of his works. did not now Believe that the Catholic Church meant
" I was at that time unable b. frond any association Antichrist, or that Catholics worshipped stocks and
of or, own ; and in the Corbernari I found a body ref stones. The English people as a nation loved justice,
inert in whom—however inferior they were to the aka they and to do as they would be done by, and he was
rep esented—thought and adios, faith and works, were convincel that they would not wish to take away
identical! Here were men who, delyeng alike ezrom- liberty from their Catholic fellow-subjects. "No
manication and capital punishment, hail the persistent Popery" had gme to tire limbo of all similar senti-
energy ever to re-commence, and reface a fresh tech each nients. The archbishop's remarks were receiverdwith
time the old one was broken; and theh ?0,14 enough to in- much applause by a large company. including Bishop
duce me to join my name and my laborers to theirs." Grant, Bishop Morris, and many other ecclesiastics, as
For his connectain with the Carbonari, .Mazziiii was well as innumerous attendance of the laity.
arrested, and alter six months' imprisonment in the
fortress of Savona, was tried and ansquitted, but con-
demned tin exile. He toek up his abode at Marseilles,
where be became the f..uniler I.f La Gamine Italia, and
conducted tire joure al of that name, rlevirtedto the cause
of the unity 1111-i independence of Italy, and a repel,-
Bean form of government. On the application if the
Sardinian anibassador he was ordered to gmit the
Freneli territory. F. fr nearly twelve mom hs
he succeeded in evading the vigilance of the I
police, and brought 4nut his journal, winch was
easily distributed from :Marseilles into Italy,
and went to Switzerland for the purpose of organising
the expedition into Savoy, in 1833, which failed through
the treachery of Pia niorino, to whom the military com-
mand had been given. Driven out of Switzerland, he
repaired to London in 1837, where he supported him-
self by his pen, and established a school and a journal,
called the Ayostolato Popolare, for Italian working
men. In 1844 his name was brought prominently be-
fore the Eirgli.tr publie, in emsetinence of the dis-
closure of a practice of ripening the letters tif refugees
in the London pest-office by the Government. at the
request of foreign ambassadors. After the French
Devolution in February, 1848, Martini went to Paris,
to concert measures with the Republican party there,
and shortly afterwards, took up his abode at Milan,
where he opposed the fusion of Lombardy with
Piedmont. He remained at Milan until the ad-
vance of the Austrians forced him to take refuge '
in the canton of Ticino, in Switzerland, whence,
shortly after the expedition into the Vol
el littelvi, lie was again expelled. Rome having de-
clared itself a republic, Martini WU elected deputy to
the Constituent As-embly for the town of Leghorn,
where he 1 inried, and was received with acclamations.
After spending some time at Florence, in attenipting
to effect the fusion of Tuscany and Rome, he repaired
to R. are, and from that moment became the leading
apirit of the Roman Republic, having been,
with Armelli and Saffi, appointed, March 30, 1849,
a Triumvir, and received with his colleagues
the full powers of the' young state, lie organised
an army of 50,000 men, cast cannon, anti prepared in
every way to govern and defend the Republic, and
for no time maintained the contest against General
•t Minot anti his army. A cessation of hostilities
having, been agreed up in, he proteste 1 against it, and
resigned his post of Triumvir. Rather than execute
the decree of the Assembly, he left Rome, and
took up his residence in England, keeping op a
correspondence with the Republican party in Italy.
In 1t":57 he • trganised an expedition to revolutionise
Naples, but the scheme proved abortive, and he re- I
turned to England. Although an advocate of Italian
unity, he opposed the present settlement. In the be-
ginning of 1864 an endeavour was made to implicate
him in the attempt of four Italians to assassinate the
French Emperor, and one of the criminals, on his trial,
affirmed that Mazzini had given him money and ex-
plosive bombs. This led to considerable discussion in
the ltr arue if Commons during the session. Amongst
other works Martini has written "Italy, Austria, and
the Pore," published in this country in 1845 ;
" Royalty and Republicanism in Italy," in 1830;
"Italian Question and the Repuldicans," in 1861 ;
"Duties of Man," in 1862 ; "Life and Writings," in
1864-6; and "Address to Pope Pius IX." in 1865.