The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1876-09-12 00:00:00

of aay other colony, the high rats of wages, and the greet
facUtles for obtaining had hold out inducemente as well
. to the man who has money to iavest as to him who has
DOIOII2IIITZZ. only his labour and int=eace to depend on. The
then referred in innate who required
BlLV.—"Tita annual Prim competition a °lb' further information to lb 1' em
B the t f
sores is fixed for Wednesday next. . ryer. teen or
Government Emigration, in Dorchester.
The AlAgGillall•fin.— As will be seen fmm an rens/4'14
ueenaland. he continued. comprises the north-eastern
advertiameat in another column • great treat is corner of the Australian continent. It gives some idea of
In the advent of this; talented body of its extent to say its area is nearly twelve times as great
cilmjed ets and Bell players. The last time they were as England. The country is divided into two parts by time
announced mr.penlaira, thou". einge=ersunacely Tropie of Capricorn. But a more important division is
broke his leg in Jersey and the ente ent had to effected by the chain of mountains called the main range,
be pcit off, but it is to be hoped on this occasion they nothl,e.ru_na
". nit'n the Ma" ilmuf nu" 'the lannth
try It varies from 80 to b 0 miles distance
may have a full house, for their entertainment is from the After amending the main range, Piing
certainly most attractive and high class. ! westward into the interior, we come to elevated table
Calcifir.—Dorcheider " Excel nor " v. Mr. Syme's I lands of rich volcanic isoiL Hare all the products of the
Eleven. —This match was played on Poundbury on temperate zone are had in great perfection wheat,
Tuesday and resulted in a victory for the " Excelsiors" potatoes, barley, maize, the grape vine, peers. plums
on the first innings by 17 runs time not sufficing to The district known as the Darling Downs is looked upon
play the game out. The following were the scores :
as one of the finest wheat growing countries in the world.
Between this main range and the sea the character of the
Dorcheeter—lst innings, 62. Mr. Syme's Eleven—let country is • good deal different The sun is more power-
innings, 45; 2501, 9L ful than on the highlands to the west On the east, then,
Smiles Exnutrnotts.—ln the list of candidates; who you have the ordinary productions of other countries in
have been successful in obtaining Royal exhibitions of the same latitudes yen form in the mountains and
£5O per annum each for three years and free admission make their way to the Pacific. through valleys teeming
to the course of instruction at the Royal School of with vegetation Of course, there are extensive stretches
Mines, Jennyn.street, mew, the name of William I. barren,
ani,L_Bpt_n_ea
me of ,all. n,cotild.,9lealins-t
Last, 18, mechanical engineer Pentonville, London, ;IT plia:erpir --"zziff,yer;;a:very
ism of Mrs. Last, Cornhill, Di'irchester.) used. Sugar cane is, perhaps, the most important crop,
Tata? TO Woattnirn.--On Friday Captain Sutton, but it does not succeed so well in the southern parts of the
who has reoeno.tilirdtalten Came House, gave a dinner to colony. In the north it yields abundantly, and within a
the pointers, era, and other workmen who have few years it has become a great industry. Tobacco, cotton,
been employ in embellishing the mansion. A good and coffee do well. Lucerne grass is grown in large
old Ewllsh repast, roast beef and plum-puilding with quantities for hay. Potato@ and sweet potatoes are exten-
sively grown. The latter is much prised es an article of
plenty of " home-brewed" were the ingredients, and
food, and yield abundantly with little or no cultivation.
most thoroughly enjoyed by the party. . Then pumpkins are alms Yen` cultivated, and Are
DOitulianTilt NATIONAL fscitoote. —The following Is splendid food for fattening pigs and for other purposes.
• summary of the inspector's report of the neveral As for fruit, you have the pine apple and banana, peaches,
schools for the year ending the 214 of May, 1876 : plums, grapes, mission fruit, oranges, lemons, tip, and
Boys' School: The school is in a very par state as many others. The farmer takes two crops of time ground
regardns general efficiency, but the individual exioni- In the twelve months, and the supply of fruit and ge-
the scholars was not al satisfactory as last tables is never interrupted on the eastern coast of
natio of
year." Girlie School: "The girls have pooled Queensland. The method of cultivation is extremely
a
simple. At the first the lend will yield without manure
creditable examination." Trinity Infant Selo ol : for years. The prepartory work for the crops which is
"The lessons are very skillfully given and the order required here is unknown in Queensland. The virgin soil
admirably kept. It is an exceeding good infant's has qualities which enable the husbandman to dispense
school. The managers should endeavour to improve with the work which he must do in old countries; other.
the ventilation. A playground is much wanted." wise it would be hard to get on in new countries, for it
East Fordington School "The schisil is in very, would be impossible for the ordinary settler on land
good order and is taught carefully and successfully. previously unoccupied, to be provided in the same way
ass fanner in an old settled country. The new settler has
West Forilington School: The school is in exceed. had no time to provide manure, even if he owns the cattle,
ingly good order and taught In a most satisf artorY which he of tens does not; so it is wisely ordered that he
manner." May go on independently. He clean the land of timber,
deposits the seed in a hole made by • hoe. and then he is
sure of &crop if he keeps the land dear of wooda In this
way he can get two crops in the year. I have known an
exceptionable piece of land which yielded four crops in the
twelvemonth. The principal agricultural show Ulna
place at Toowoomba every year. At the last show the
first prize was awarded for a sample of wheat weighing
70Ib, to the bushel, and the second prise was awarded
for • sample that weighed 6711 b. to the bushel. Them was
a magnificent show of fruit—apples, pears, plums, peaches,
nectarines, almonds, lemons, oranges, citrons, limes,
strawberries, melons, and grapes. e apples,
peaches, plums, and grapes were very fine Indeed, an
gave the most gratifying evidence of the frult-producing
capabilities of the downs. The grape evidently flourishes
n the neighbourhood of Toowoomba, and is destined to be
extensively cultivated. A considerable amount of
attention is already paid to the manufacture of wine, as is
evinced from the number of exhibits of this article at the
show, altogether 95 different samples. The great variety
in the productions of Queensland is due to • corresponding
variety in the climate. In the north you have sometimes
the heat of India. In the mouth again, in the tin country,
you experience a winter as cold as the winter of this
country. Rockhateptos, • large town, is situated Just
within the tropic, and hoe a climate resam6ling that of
Algiers, whilst the mean temperature of Brisbane is the
mean temperature of Maderia. Algiers and Maderia,
particularly the lathe, are suppo.ed to hays the beet
climate' in the world. I may remark the greatest heat
of Queensland falls far abort of the heat of the United
States' or Canadian summer. The advantage poseeassed
in Aiuitria is the dry, invigoristing, elastic atmosphere.
Queensland is fortunate in having the trade winds
constantly blowing, and in being relieved of the hot winds
that often render • summer's day very oppressive in other
parts of Australia. The Lancer, the principal authority
on medical subjects in Great Britain, had an article
recently on Queensland, in which the climate of that
colony is set down as one of the best in the world.
Numbers of the diseases of this country—among them
smallpox—are unknown in Queensland. The nature of
the climate may be judged of from the fact that people
may sleep in the open air with impunity. Even in winter
there is little or no danger of taking cold, because of the
dry invlgoriating character of the atmosphere. Indeed,
many journeys are being continually made by people who
never sleep under • roof during them. I have often
myself "camped out " as It is called. The stockmen who
drive fat cattle to market or remove them from one
property to another never sleep under • roof during their
long journeys. Of course, in low or marshy ground, or
during the wet season, there would be no danger in such
exposure. lathe beginning of her existence the prospects of
Queensland were In her flocks and herds. Recently the
marvellous discoveries of all the precious metals have
raised her to the proud position of being the most
prosperous community perhaps; under the British Crown.
"Squatting," however, was at first her only industry.
The "smatter" was the pioneer, and he has thriven
well. He leases from the Government, at a nominal rent,
enormous tracts of country, sometimes representing an
area of many hundreds of simile miles. Over this the
sheep or cattle depasture, and very little trouble is taken
with them. They require no shelter in winter, nor is any
artificial food provided for them; still, they increase and
fatten, as well as, If not better, than in this country. In
Queensland Nature does everything for the squatter.
When the leases of squatter; expire the land, if required
for settlement, is sold out in smaller areas to puithasers
who combine tillage with grazing; and in this way the
best results are obtained. As settlement advances the
squatter disappeani, and colonista purchase the land and
eatablish homes for themselves and their children. The
life of the gold miner inQueensland is equally independent.
The gold fields have • great attraction for people. For
first the chances are equal for aIL No man in a gold field
has any better chance than his neighbour. Then again,
wages, are always very high on the gold field. The
discovery of the monster nugget at °nimbi some years
ago shows how much luck Nis to do with making the
digger's fortune. A digger who had been washing himself
after his day's work, and thrown away the water he had
been using, saw something glisten on the ground where
the water fell lie examined the spot and found there a
lump of gold value about £7,000; such nuggets are not
often found, but smeller ones are. You have gold fields
all over Queensland from north to south. During 1873
not less than 4,500 square miles of country were worked
as auriferous. Some of that has since been worked out,
but great additions have been made. The principal gold
mining centres are at Gympie, Rockhampton, Charten
Towers, 51 ilchester, Georgetown, and Paltuervills Thereat*
many others. The Gold is found in the earth, either in
particles mixed with the soil, which is called alluvial gold,
or it is found encased in quartz rock, when it is known
under the name of quarts gold. The process in the case
of alluvial gold connate in digging out, sometimes from a
great depth, the gold-bearing soil. The earth so dug out
is placed in a vessel and subjected to the action of water.
By this the clay is dissolved and carried away, leaving
the gold and pebbles. The gold is then easily procured.
About three years ago the Palmer River gold field was
discovered. The very large district thus opened up had
not till then been ever walked on by any white man.
Now there am many thriving communities of diggers.
!Steamers take away weekly large freights of gold from
the port which does the trade of those diggings. That
port is called Cooktoon, and has already • population of
about 3,e01.1 souls. Rivers have been explored, and lands
suitable for any purpose, some of them bearing valuable
timber, have been found. This is being taken up. Now
telegraph wires to stretch over the district roads are
being made. Thus the work of colonization goes on. Tin,
copper,
.and coal are exported from the colony in large
quantities There are three large copper mining centres,
and the tin country covers an area of 250 square miles,
The great attraction for the emigrant is the ease with
which he may procure land. When it is remembered that
Queensland pommies an area twelve times greater than
that of England, and that there are not more than, not
even so many, as 200,000 people in the colony altogether,
some idea may he formed of the quantity of land at the
disposal of future settlers. All the land is not suitable for
Settlement. Three-fourths of it is. Lends are either
leased out for "equating " purposes or disposed of in fee
simple. The squatter gets special advantages, because be
goes outside the ordinary limits of settlement Blocks of
country so situated of not is.. than 25 square miles, or
more than 100, are leaned for the period of 21 years, at •
rental of fis. • square mile for the first seven years, 10a
for the second, and 15a for the third seven years. This
lease will be either in whole are in part renewed, as the
land is required or not, for sale in fee. For sale in fee the
land is divided into three classes—agricultural, that-class
pesters!, second class pastoral. Any one has the right of
purchasing, by selection, 510 acres of agricultural land, at
15s. an acre, payable in ten annual instalments of la. 6d.,
each. He may purchase also in the same way 2.50) acres
of first-class pastoral, at 10a an acre, payable in ten
annual instalments of Is. each. He is further entitled to
purchase acres of second elms pastoral land at Is,
an acre, payable in ten annual payments of 6.1. each.
Under the homodead law, if ho means to live upon the
land, he may purchase • farm comprising 160 acres or
agricultural said pastoral land; and upon payment of Pd.
as acre for Ilse years, for so much as is agricultural land,
and od. an acre for the same time for am much of it as is
pastoral, it becomes his own. A homestead may be
selected by any person of the age of 18 years, but emigrants
who go out under the Government emigration must
reside three years in the colony before they can take up a
homestead. In practice, however, that constitutes very
little hardship, because the time may be well employed in
loquiring the necessary information about the colony, Of
Insavingasiclent suns with which to settle on the
farm. desiring so to do may select • homestead
of 640 acres, but in that case they most pay for all above
160 acres at the ordinary rates of selection. There ens
conditions of cultivation and residence on homestead
selections that are not imposed in the case of ordinary
selections, and it is to encourage such cultivation and
fenidelloo the land is disposed of to homestead selectors
on such easy terms. It will thus be seen that any parson
who wishes may become the OWOef of • farm of land in
Queensland, at the coat of • merely nominal sum. A
homestead of 50 acres of the beat agricultural land at 9d.
an acre for five years would come to much lees than .LlO !
It must be remembered, however, that good land in
favourable positions is eagerly sought for, and the new
comer will require to practise considerable patience and
perseverance before he is settled to his satisfaction. That
land is obtainable and is being taken up rapidly, we have
proved by returns just public. For the three most ins-
wirtant districta the particulars are as follows :—ln the
districts of East and West Moreton, since 1868, nearly
4000 selections have been made, comprising about one
million and a-half of acres. 4500 of these selections have
been under the homestead clauses of the land law. On
the Darling Downs there have been, during the same time,
2,256 selections, comprising one and • quarter million of
acres. 850 of the selections on the Darling Downs are for
homesteads. The lecturer then read from the letter of
the Times correspondent at Philadelehis the toll
description of the Queensland exhibits at the Centennial
Exhibition:-" In the ceatre of the Queensland court is
an obleisk representing the quantity of gold found in the
colony during the past eight years. Ilia obelisk is lift.
fiin. high, Vt. Sin, square at the base, and lffit square at
the vex, re tins 60 tone weight of gold and a value
of L 7,000, . This obelisk, towering above the enclosure,
is • very prominent object in this pert of the building.
On the walls are photographs and coloured drawing'
representing the scenery of the different pert, of the
colony the gold regions, towns, and sillies'. These are
images geographically, with descriptions of each group
above, and specimens of soils and product. beneath.
There are APOCininini of tin. CODPer, wood, suier.ol4
timber, arrowroot, silk, of natural history, bnt
preparations Queensland is proud of her great wealth in
tin, and has sent no less than 12 tons of tin to this exhibi-
tine, representing the meta in every steps, from the ore
upwards. She also sends five tons of copper, one single
mass of copper ore, the finest ever seen in America,
weighint two tons. Here are also fine wooh from the
Darling was district, figs, leather, winos, and spirits.
A beautiful box is exhibited, showing 22 different woods
of the colon , all these timbers being also represented in
log. Theisesoalanel goods are ready and tastefully
ir novelty already attracting much sties-
lecturer then pointed to the great natural
resources of the country as furnishing an attractive field
for the labourer or capitalist. There he said, labour
commands the wages, money invested gives the
largest, retsina highest
i
ss la more abundant and cheaper
than in any other country. The enlightened and pro-
gmesive condition of the colony was shewn by the fact
that the State has provided • superioreducation free to
every child In garanalaad. T42.,,ba great resources
of the owistia7 the Colonial
simian übaraliy. Pamir —;;Wrilassuissa:arvis

District /drips.

BEG GARB' }CNA?.

Mr. IL J. Garland, of Wargate, has written to our
oontenzerary under the heading of "the suppressed
memorial
"—for which we presume that gentleman is
not responsible—giving " • few names of leading
agrkultnrists whom I remember as having signed the
memorial, which his Worship uncourteously has
in every possible way." We have no hesita-
rrrnd saying the memorial was sot ignored. It was
good to the Council by the Mayor himself, together
with every name appended.
MELANCHOLY ATTEMPT AT SUICIDE BY

-- -
A DORCHESTER MAN.
A very sad case of attempted suicide occurred on
Tuesday evening in a railway carriage between Maiden
Newton and Evershot. Mr. J. Barge, a young man
of about 27, who was formerly an assistant in Mr. T.
Bennett's shop, and afterwards for Mr. W. Bishop,
High East-etreet, Dorchester, was a passenger from
Dorchester to Maiden Newton by the 7.55 p.m. train.
After leaving Mr. Bishop's he took a small temper-
anoe hotel with a shop attached at Bridport, but
after a few months this proved to be an unsuccessful
attempt, and he was compelled to give up business.
This seems to have somewhat preyed upon his mind,
and his despondency was increased by the fact that it
wee deemed advisable by them that his wife, to whom
he had been married but a little while before leaving
Dorchester, and by whom there was one child, should
for a time reside with friends, whilst he would seek
fresh employment. We hear that this suggestion was
acted upon, and a lady of the town very kindly assisted
them In this respect. But, although somewhat
desponding, there was nothing in his manner to lead
his friends to suspect that he would commit such a
nigh act ea that Which he did on Tuesday. Leaving
his friends on Tuesday evening he appeared in his
usual spirits,
_and he seems to have taken his ticket
for Malden Newton all right. Riding in the same
carriage was a young lady, who alighted at the latter
place, and so should have Barge, but he seems to have
been "on suicide bent," and rode by his destination.
Reaching Evershot an official noticed a man lying on
the seat of the carriage, and concluding he was asleep
aroused him, when to his horror he discovered that
the unfortunate man had cut his throat in a frightful
manner, and that the floor of the carriage was covered
with blood. Assistance was at once procured, and the
poor fellow was taken to the Railway Hotel which
is close by, and every effort used to staunch the
blood. Medical assistance was summoned, and
Dr. Clapcott, of Evershot, attended, and sewed up the
wound. He had lost a great quantity of blood,
and was very weak. The windpipe had been
penetrated, but none of the main arteries had been
injured, or death must have resulnul. A search was after-
wards made for the instrument with which the wound
had been made, but none could be found; and the
supposition is that
that Barge cut his throat soon after
lea Maiden Newton and threw e weapon out of
the window. It was fortunate that he was discovered
so early and thus his life spared. The carriage was
detached and detained at Evershot, and the police
were communicated with. Mr. Supt. Batty on Wed-
ne.lay visited the unfortunate man, and he was on
the same evening in a fair way of recovery. He was
removed to the Dorset County Ps 'son on Thursday.
Mr. Barge was well known and respected in Dor-
chester—was formerly superintendent of the Primitive
Methodist Sunday School. and has for seven or
eight years taken an active part in the temperance
movement, and much sympathy is felt with his friends.
Latest enquiries state that he is dolor well.

EMIGRATION TO QUEENSLAND.
As the organ of the labourers, the Labourers Union
Chronicle has just pointed out, an attempt to stem
the rapid encroachments of machinery in the cultivation
of the soil, would be very much like running ones head
amunst • brick wall, and it therefore certainly becomes
the duty of all reflecting persons to consider the brightest
and fairest fields, for the disposal of surplus population.
Queensland has long been known as offering street and
favourable advantages and • most interesting description
of the colony, and one which we commend to the attention
of our readers, was given at • lecture delivered on Monday
evening by the lien. K 0 McDevitt, late • member of
the Queensland Government. Several local agents of the
Queensland Government Coinpany, including Mr. Dryer,
of Wollaston-villas, were present.
Captain D. R. Bola*, IL R., who presided on the owe-
Mon, said he felt somewhat proud of being permitted that
evening to introduce to them a lecturer from Queensland.
The reason why he (Captain Bolt) stood before them was
that he was their fellow countryman, born and bred in
Doreetahlre. (Applause.) He knew Queensland pretty
well, having carried some thousands of people there, and
be had expodenced • very successful career. He was
pleased to bring before them on the present occasion •
gentleman who came direct from Queensland, and who
was not ashamed of the place where he had been. That
gentleman served a the Queensland Government as one
ofchathig..7esentatives of the constituency, andalriltil
was sure Mr. lic.Dewett would give no varnished
account of the place, but, on the contrary, one that was in
every respect truthful If any of those present only
realised the facts which would be brought before them,
they would have abundant cause to thank Mr. McDeewtt
for having introduced the subject of emigration to Queens-
land to their notice. appkwo.
The oolony,the Lecruega said, was formed man independ-
ent state, and endowed with • constitution at the latter
end of WA By that constitution the Parliament of the
colony—which consists of two Houses, an Upper and •
Lower—alone has the power of making laws and impos-
ing taxes. The Lower House is elective— manhood suffrage
being the qualification to vote for the election of metubea.
Persons are appointed to the Upper Ilona in the same way
as they are summoned to the Houma of Lords in this
country. Almost the only industry the colony had at the
beginamg of her career was that of breeding sheep and
cattle. The population was not then more than 30,000
souls. Now the capital, Brisbane, has that many in-
habitants, end the population generally has increased
sevenfold during the last 15 years. Gold mining, copper
mining, and tin mining are carried on; farming also is
followed with good rosette, while the breeding of sheep
and cattle has attained an unexampled development.
FrOUI these various sources of prosperity it results that, as
proved by statistics? Queensland is the most prosperous
colony under the British Crown. Her trade returns exceed
those of New Zealand, New South Wales, Victoria, or
South Australia. Nowhere else are wages so high or
Being so cheap. The lowest wages for the day labour are
seven shillings • day. Frequently more than that sum is
paid. The ordinary labourer who hires by the year gets
of least at the rate Le/aye/a with good board and l
When he deserves more the wages are of course increased
till they run up to fifty and sixty pounds • year. Trades-
men and mechanics are paid from Its. up to 15s. • day.
That the ordinary wages for such people should be so high
shows that they are in great demand. Domestic servants
are &Ivrea in demand, and the lowest wages for them are
£l6 • year, with, of course, board and long. They are
often paid as high as .05 and £4O • year. Lad it is true
to say that a hired labouring man, after liberally supply-
ing all his wants, can have MO saved at the end of -the
year. 'lsobar and industrious, the labourer is as independ-
ent as his employer. It altogether depend' upon himself
whether be will not in his turn become • capitalist and
employer also. The working man has good wages, and is
exceedingly well fed. Beef and mutton are so cheap that
he has abundance of meat at each of his daily meals. Nor
is there any stint to his supply of tea, brad, vegetables,
and potatoes His hours are shorter than here, though
perhaps while he is at it his work is of ten harder. But he can
keep his horse on the fartu or station to which he belongs
This furnishes him with the means of 'Meant exercise on
Sundays or holidays. Nut only that, but he may often
have a few horses or some cattle of his own. The grate of
• few beasts he can have almost as a matter of course,
and by traffickuig a 'Basin this way be may greatly supple-
ment his wages. With the savings of two or three years he
can settle himself on a farm. Mr. Trollone, in his account
si Queensland, says the miner owns ZS its, or a week,
and can live on from its, to 15e. • week. "In ten years
• man, intent upon his object, and able to resist tempta-
tion, might return with £1,000." lie goes on to point out
that miners de not save, but speculate. He then refers
to the herd lines of the farm labourer in England, with
Its, • week, • wife and four children, bearing his faniel
patiently. "Ha hears nothing of Queensland or other
celonieranlees by some special chance in his favour—
and knows no better than to have his body and soul kept
for him. Au author would do something maul
whocould
uld get at him, and at his boys as they rise in the
world, and tall them what would befall them if, through
friends, or by colonial bounty or State aid, or by personal
industry,
nthey, or any one of them could manage to be
landed o the Mores of Queensland. . . . I can
Imagine that • leg of mutton looms as large to our &sag
doleer, and is as glorious • f 'tura u • seat in Parliament
to • young barrister. Let the delver go to
and he will at any rate have kip of mutton. C=ltareend
times • day is the usual condition of the Queensland
labourer. Hs is provided, all a MUIR' of came, with
ratkee-1111b of meat • week—and, as regards food for
himself. he Is calla upon to take no thought of the
tatinOW WM more than If he were • babe. Fourteen
of
al meat, 1111). of flour, Mb. of sugar, and a Mb,
=allowed to hint weekly. 'This in would
demi. as the lowest pries, soneething orefa&land
a wash—
• then the Woman eon OM altogether—and this the
labsarte In laseensimal 111111• Th SS a matter of
Ware bass.. le the opssicMs ay . pliscrtri
domestic servants mast be extrema* to them-
mina In colonial bonsekolds thei are not much lees ,
important than their mintmeees. There are only three
thesalse to every live soaks in the populatioss Every '
=OLD who desires to do so can sot up shomelield for
. It results from these causes that the proportion
of marriages is very greet in Queensland. The eneenragr
most for the investment of capital in mining, palgaam, gir
evewands is very great. Only a mall propos-
.. el the eocriusta6arthiti beau taken up, sad
the may bey
said to 121 be
its =.-I—Tiiierip dividends paid b the coloaial
hanks, the enormons prodocithe of various raw material
end precious metals, the rapid Moreno of Made, m
nasal* tie mom of imports sad mode over *ere