The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1855-11-06 00:00:00

STIPPLEMENT TO THE LIVERPOOL STANAED.

162

and this he illustrates very forcibly in the contrast
between

ENGLISH AND FRENCH COLONISTS

You cannot convince an English settler that he will
be abroad for an indefinite number of years; the •idea
would be equivalent to transportation; he consoles him-
'self with the hope that something wil turn up to alter
'the apparent'certainty of his exile ; and in this hope,
with his mind ever fixed upon his return, he does nothing
for_posterity in the colony. He rarely even plants a
fruit-tree, hoping that his stay will not allow him to
gather from it. This accounts for the poverty of the
-gardens and enclosures around the houses of the English
inhabitants, and the general dearth of any fruits worth
eating.

HOW different is the appearance of French colonies,
and how different are the feelings of the settler ! The
word "adieu"' once spoken, he sighs an eternal farewell
to the shores of " La belle France," and, with the natural
light-heartedness of the nation, he settles cheerfully in a
colony as his adopted country. He lays out his grounds
with taste, and plants groves of exquisite fruit-trees,
whose produce will, he hopes, be tasted by his children
and grandchildren. Accordingly, in a French colony
there is a tropical beauty in the cultivated trees and
flowers, Which is seldom seen in our own possessions.
The fruits are brought to perfection, as there is the same
care taken in pruning and grafting the finest kiads as in
our gardens in England.
A Frenchman is necessaaily a better settler; every-
thing is arranged for permanency, from the building of a
house to the cultivation of an estate. He does not distress
his land for immediate profit, but from the very com-
mencement he adopts a system of the highest cultivation.
The latter is now acknowledged as the most remunerative
course in all countries; and its good effects are already
seen in Ceylon, where, for some years past, much at-
tention has been devoted to manuring on c( ffee.estates.

From the extracts given, it will be readily
apparent that Mr. Baker roves over a wide field
of observation ; that he treats his diversified sub-
jects in a healthy- and manly way, and, as a neces-
sary consequence, produces a book which will
afford instructive amusement ,to an extensive
variety of readers, each of whom will find some-
thing to interest him, while to those who delight
in perusing the ever-charming book of nature, the
narrative and reflections of Mr. Baker will prove
a source of extensive gratification, and a large
storehouse of interesting facts well put together.

ilnfidelity :Inexcusable. One God, Infinite in
'Power, Wisdom, and Goodness, proved by
His Works and by His Word; with the neces-
sary Inferences therefrom. By Barnett Blake.
Li ndon : W. Skeffington. Liverpool : E.
Willan.

'This tastefully got up volume, we are told in
the preface, owes its existence to the competition
invited some considerable time since at Aberdeen,
for " the two best Treatises, designed to prove,
both with and without the aid of Revelation, the
Existence of a Supreme being, all-powerful, all-
wise, and all-good.' It was not, we are also told
in the preface, successful in gaining either of the
prizes ; why that was so, we have no means of
knowing ; but, from what we see of. this, if real
merit constituted the ground of preference, the
'competition was one of no ordinary keenness, but
of great intellectual value. The treatise before
us, without descending to minute technicalities,
displays a ready, general knowledge of most of
:the physical and intellectual sciences, and these
.are so arranged as to bear directly and constantly
'upon the subject to be proved. The logical
sequence is never lost sight of. Commencing his
demonstration with man as the highest of or-
ganised
beings, our author traces him physically
and intellectually through all the stages of his
cxistence, tracing through each of them the in-
evitable conclusion of felicitious design, varied
creative power, and unmistakeable benevolence of
intention. The bent of Mr. Blake's mind seems
eminently in unison with his theme ; and thus,
matters which to many would prove stumbling-
blocks in the path, are converted into ready

means of forwarding his argument.
example his view of

Take as an

THE SOCIAL CONDITION OF MAN.

Nor dues the difference of rank and position as fixed by
the conventionalities of civilised society change in any way
this conclusion. No man, be his possessions ever so great,.
can really enjoy more than sufficient for the sustentation of
his bodily frame,forany excess is punished by painful diseases;;
nor can the clothing of his body exceed greatly that of his.
poorer brethren except in beauty and richness of material,,
or it would become more an oppression than a comfort
Even the task of labour, if not demanded by his necessi--
ties, must be substituted by an equivalent exertion as exer—
cise for his limbs, or his health will suffer from the neglect.
Even the means for enjoyment lose their value without
content, which is free to 311; for the desire that is satiated
is not gratified, and men whose wants exceed their means
of gratification ate always poor. The condition of the
humblest labourer, whose industry produces him sufficient
to sustain life, varies but little in reality from the highest.
in the lama. If his means be scanty his wants are but few;
his labour preserves him in health, and gives sweetnessto
his repose ; and, though his fare may be coarse and his
lodging rude, -appetite gives zest to the one and fttgue
makes a luxury of the other. 11 his heart be but thankful
for the blessings he does enjoy, he need not ccvet a
higher sphere, nor wish to change his poverty with- few
desires, for riches and numberless temptations. The:
middle class in civilised society forms a tie which hinds
the two extremes, and so harmoniously do they bland that
each would be incomplete without the other; and !thus
mankind linked in indissoluble connection and mutually
dependent, constitute a community which, thouo 310 one
was instrumental in forming it, each is interested an pre,

serving.
The inferior animals afford him happy. means.
of illustration, and he avails himself freely of
their aid. In the vegetable world he finds also
striking examples of the wisdom, power, and
goodness of the Most High, and these-he adduces-
and arranges with ready ingenuity. As was to,
to have been expected in such a book,. the astro,.
nomical phenomena by which we are surrounded:
are made to conduce largely and conclusively. in,
establishing his argument.
In that portion of the essay in which,the argn,
ment is sustained and amplifiedby reference to,
and illustration from, Divine revelation,. Mr.
Blake is peculiarly at home. Here. he shows.a.,
ready familiarity with the sacred oracles, and
applies them with aptitude and. success-. To.re-
turn 'to the text with which. we started,. itwe are
to judge of the successful treatises.by the evidence
of this which has been unsuccessful,. the Burnett
competition, which could elicit so vast an extent
of erudite and able intellectual labour,. must have
been productive of the-most gratifying results.

Transactions of the Eistoric Society,. of Lancashire
and Cheshire. YoL 'V IL, for Session 1854-55.
London : J. H. Parker.

The proceedings of local soeieties.in illustration
of the past or current history of the districts it
which they are respectively situated are objects
not alone of local interest ; on the contrary,,
the researches- of such bodies, as they tend to
elucidate the progress of events in the districts
to which they more immediately refer, are valua-
ble in a high degree in unravelling the frequently
tangled skein of general history. Viewed in this
light,. the transactions of local historic and archaeo-
logical societies are . matters of extensive im-
portance to the general scholar, and in his eyes
their value will be enhanced in proportion as they
are the record of passing events, as well as the
repository of speculations relative to those which
have long since passed away. How far such
chronicles may be legitimately employed as
vehicles for the conveyance of merely scientific
inquiries, unless these have some bearing on the
current of history, • may well admit of cautious
consideration. In the volume before us there are
one or two papers, valuable no doubt in themselves,
but very questionable elements in the composition
of that varied collection of memoranda the
reader would naturally expect to find in

.~;
~~
~~

Fs 'vz:

•,11
, .•-or
the transaction- of a "1-vri' tri
i
Or •to listen to the. readingr of ,;...clas!kt
its periodical meetings:. OD_cryst.V,
papers " Old the. Snows andi Sne Airtiry;.y,
Winter of rs 64-5, obsevvea- at', , ~, '
"On the Manufacture a Git",,lie.4;,`
Illumination, of the Diatoinic"fi :titti-ri
under the. Microscope.;" ".0.. _lii.ll,- P,llllOO,
the Deaf and. Dumb, theiri-OWlbe f:firi
and Advantages,;" " Remarics,,V f tlirVi
Liverpool,'"' and .some others:, --341 (;) TCYI
indicate commendable researchill 01:
subjects well worthy of attentoo A
I.t
them in its respective wav-„•conzoinlit
mation of au. important charaeer,,aricrtif;
sort claivni-ng few . affinities -with bisL(l)l, 01 cl
or present, immediate or-reraete• , r4:1,1114'
the uninitiated, She interjection 0- tolitit:'
kind indicated. above, howeTer e0111,,0041 ~F
se,. into such, company. as: .paPer,6 ..06,1e?
Saxon Antiquities," "'On a. Gro're't,,,iii.6‘.4,4;
Punishment,' &c., is suggvglive et:".tierlibi`O'
eursiveness- in the proceedings (il• -503''DliP I`
variance., with its avowed objects' to.# oii'
degree. subversive of the purposes:abef it
habits- and requirements of its in; 1 flog'
fairly, presumed to be. best. adaptecto4gti
The-transactions now lefore us'- i 1 thty. oly
seeming anomaly referred to, ex2,,i, ere' ii
highly,interesting, ankl xtflect ny-w,"(10g;° i,
ill
indu&try and varied. talent of its-acre ~,,L 'eli
Papua contained ill, the volume polvoti,
and,, in general, pertinent to tile4tiy4 .
objfcts contemplated in the oPif'dii4l..ct,,,ll'
societies ; they are.. generally we,", aiP,etiv
as. a whole, are interesting to tu,-01itlijoi''',Yili
they give indierAioni. of a praisvidefiv g°'
inquiry among the middle ana' tiierill.)ld.
its society. The volume is very, Abe
it is well printed, and profuselY.e' ,4(1/
iii brigt vt
The Industry of the UnitediStl.ol
Manufactures, and lisial, °1
Arts. London and New. Y.°P..
ledge and Co.
clivi"s
This judiciously-compiled:o, stit
trial condition of the. V.rao r bY
mended so far to general fior°6A,iill'
it has been derived, from ti;e•twatil
made officially by Messrs. Wl' ire
In the cheap digest to wiliejthe
manufacturer and capitalist' are I
the, artisan of this. country `... • 13.
aitio
means of comparing the eon _via
of the United, States with our ;of
tank relation of producers of 1113'2,3
of every description. Utility
_iia,
chiefl held in view in the e°l33'dical
sistenty ly with this object, pra little
have been considered• lbest an'
tending volume conveys 3 Vaacter,
mation of a well-digested Char
......-----
v‘linbilrgii
.131ackwood's illaye4ine. -1:4--- seek,
`Ye have not space this li_iol,
briefly to call attention to ao. 3t`eiii
the number for November,
_r,
public
now occupying so much 0 _.is
fairly demolishes the pretc.
1110Sese
Pe
enters s— very \Vallbalty l'i'en oti.etifitegh,fgtri:agt fciull4
any-price party. It is is_inept i
perusal for its masterly argu.ence tl
of this country with
roefeffibt to
the course which we the cool
magazine also contains ~. _vaigl3
Hamley's " Story of the u‘youratit-
a colt de',,
tent in the Crimea ;"
a Romance ;" an entertainip,,,c'ett
;,, the
Eastern Shores of the 1318o1' '

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