The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1871-03-07 00:00:00

Prisoner laid tho bhuno on some brandy given him by a gentle-
man for whom he took some WWII, to the station. Mr.
Arden told prisoner he wan liable to more puni.hment for
being drunk while engaged 000 putt/v.—Pined :i•-• Including
011 the application of Mr. George, a temporary transfer of
the lietmee of the lOW and Crown Inn from James Sheppard to
John Bine was granted.

ISteam.

'Steam-packet works.
rifles for the use 0
Tile New Itirate.—The Snider
\nous under him father at the Weymouth cud Portland
our Rifle Corp. have arrived, and will be
shortly
dis-
trihuted. The Drill-Instructor is eery
touch
is to be hoped that the corps, pereteiivnrt that GLlern-
o
went
"Peals
"ala
and mike thehglajaa" from
wme elhhieci,, will
be attentive at drill, themselves thoroughly
improved weapon',
:acquainted The annual meeting ofwith the now arm.
(Monday) ejaapons, and it
at the Guildhall.
the corps is held to-night
when recruits will be received.
Antroes AN
tank public officers, and
in the election of these important
last.
The
auditor.
the matter was decided on Tuesday B
herlwlist,
'D Aealtrtsolo.- There was ire oppo ;Wont
Lewis Lanning ,
' • and Mr.
nominated by Mr. Edwin
ed victualler,
John James Hain Longnaan, limes
assessors were Mr.
returnednomi-
nated by w e
himself;re
ware—Mr. Edward John Brown,
ted by Mr. Henry
Harry Wheeler, bookseller, 'lemma
h ist and druggist,
Fooks, and Mr. Arthur blame, oTern
_e_eozhheiegh,
the reviling. eue
nominated by Mr. James Jesty: he M I
draper,
and Mr. Thomas
nominated by Mr. Henry Fmk!: _ .
__r
8.....
Richard Charles, auctioneer,nonein. Ws' by
tMh • I_
are
assessors were Meagre. John (leach Howe,
S. Sly. The assessors for the Weymouth ward
Messes. C. 11. Crickmay and C. A. Booking.
ATTIMPITD LISTING or DOES AND TULI.3.—At the
Connell Chamber, Guildhall, on Tuesday afternoon,
the Petty Customs, Wharfage, and Harbour Dees,
from March, 26, len, to March 25, 1872, were offered
to let by public survey. There were present :—The
Mayor, and Mr. S. S. Milledge, F. C. Stew% Eel-,
Town Clerk, Messrs. Councillors Welsford, Roberts,
Dyer, and Talbot, with certain gentlemen who bid.
Before commencing with the Harbour Dues, Ace, the
Mayer explained, with reference to the Portland
!
steamers. that Oka boat is to pay for • whole year, red
if any other be used ske is to pay A/ 10s. for each
month in which she is run, whether she runs • day or
I four weeks. Mr. F. W. Ailing put a question to the
Town Clerk, relating to the bombast'; but Mr.
SteggaU declined to hold any communication with him.
'The Mayor expained to Mr. Ayling that an ever;
meat having been entered into between him .04 to__
bumboat man for ee much per week, the maitre"'
interest if he etheted the full amount.,
irtioarstio"n.
considered he (Mr. Ayling) would darnage..r. ...0....wn.
Ayling considered he had lost 1.2013 by th;iir.
Jest; bid
The letting was then commenced, :Log tug),
which
£l,lOO, Mr. F. W. Ayling boldly
DORCHESTER FARMERS' CLUB.
Ayling retired. But the Mayor bid the reserved prise
£ r,210, on which Mr.
The monthly meeting of this club was held at the
cellar was then put up in •
King's Arms hotel, last Saturday evening. Mr. R. let. Aro Market Houle so the dues were not
"jd
bidder, although some
Gong° presided, and there were present—Mr. 11, W. E1,50J and Mr. Jesty gave I,u,
separate lot, but failed to LID • ..
b ll tor,
Hawkins, Mr. G. NV. Homer, Mr. T. Chick, Yr. T. 1 p.m &sett was valued highly, and_Mr. Sant
in it.
"The
Chapman S sunder., Mr. T. Lock, Mr. W. Chick, Mr. '
1 ateted that now there Is
not
mush
water
rth put u
Lush, Mr. 11. Taylor, Mr. D. Taylor, Mr. W. Market House toils. doe end cellar were en P p
Atkins, Mr. IL Damen, the Rev. T. Bnuett (Toiler), together, and Mr. Jesty offered a:350. The reserved
Mr. Whittle, Mr. J. Damien, Mr. .1. Homer, Mr. price WAS +,
cereal to be F.,445. Mr. Jest; said he would
Senior, Mr.tE. Reunion, Mr. Cunnington, Mr. Groves., Kira e jaa ; but the Corporation were precluded from
Mr. Eddison, ko. 1 taken,
. a less thin than would satisfy the interest of
The umbel dinner was fixed for April 12th. I Leo I,..teltiolders• No farther advance Was made, and
A subscription in the room on L. .alt -of the French this lot :al,. was bought in.
Peasant Farmer** Seed Fund reelised tll Pie Temente:ice I,[enitc.—Tho friends of tho teetotal
l'rofeuor BUCKMAN Of Gredford Abbas, delivered • eau e were very pleasingly entertained ton Wednesday
• scientifie !enure ion the Principles on whicli Mantua evening at the convenient room in Parkstreet, when
Mg depends Properly studying thew, h., obwrved. Mr. S. Caliper of Manchester, gave his lecture entitled
would guide their practice aright. If they dried any -A Bit of both sides." There was a good attendance,
plant in the atumephere it would lose greatin in weight, the ch..ir was taken by Ur S. Hobbs, and the Revs. J.
but that was only water • if they then burnt the Henderson and S. Walinelley were present.—Mr.
plant they would find in ;hi SSIIL, various mineral Hebb' belay introduced the lecturer. Mr. Caliper
ingredients. These must Fi ..
e, been taken from the then delivered a moot stirring ant interesting oration
soil in which the plant was 00"" :In eating plants eu the miseries of intemperance, which he contrasted
he showed that the m eortion of trans are ere selid with the blessings ilowiiie theta thatinenee (ruin the
given off in exuvie• D., preosting the exuvire being drink in all forms. Sttiriaing with keen humour but
wasted, he strongly advocate'! Moule's dry-earth
for, ! _
yet with a tender pity the outfit and general appearance
'listens
notwithrtanding the vast importation col of the diunkarl he thetche 1 the wretched state of the
;
guano th • lend Woe getting poorer, and the time was family when the buthend is turtle I away froui.his pleee
.
foreign fertili,re would not be
approaching wlen
. .
of work. The d poor wife goes to the master, an entreats
obtainable. The mineral constituents they took from that he may be taken on again and tried once inure, and
the soil in growing any crop must be returned to restore at length, for her sake and the children's tho muter
its fertili;y : therefore it we* import ant the termer ' consents to try him again ; but at a shilling per wee t
should understand chemistry, carefully comprehend less than before. The man gem to his workshop, and
the principles involved, and apply them in the caltiva- pretends that his master sent for him after he was dis•
thin of his land. It was a common practice to leave shareed, and so wade • lie on Lis lips, and • sw.agger in
sheep in pastures by day and fold them on arable his manner, but with humiliation in his heart lie
land at night, and thou it was sail the pastures could illustrates what truth there may be in his bud that
not be had ; but, if the sheep remained in the pastures " Britons never shall be alms." ti I risbuian remarked
entirely,!they ted off the grass, arid therefore the CAUViik I that noideretiou was " boderatiou," for wheu he teuk
they voided added n.thing fresh, while folding them , one glass at cried for company, he sent down another
elsewhere at night inu,t impoverish the pastures. I ant the two fell out, he swallowed another when the
.aboot 60 years ago men, which c insisted of Islay 113- i I,
' two first fell on that, and he was obliged to reel down
from 7, to 10 per ceut, or inure of lime, we. generally I three or four more till he got drank entirely. So
recommended as manure. con,,,,piently, the Gloucester- %wee the first glass that did the mischief, for without
shi•o has, the Worcestershire ah.l Cornwall new red- ,it others would not be swallowed. Mr. Capper said
"awl stone, and clay everywher., c,nteining '' large I there art 150,000mlnIsters of Satan leading people down
percentage of lime WILY tapped arid seen:times sold at to destruction through strong drink, and 33,000 yearly
a very With prim for marling. Thousends of poised. are by is means loot to Christian churches. Ile had
werejepent, but now slay marling war abaudened, and I travelled from Berwick on Tweed to Penzance, and
they saw elthlk marl constantly used upon chalk soils. and OCTET found but three Christian churches that had
Why? Chemistry explained. Ex tininativa of the not lost one member in the year through strong drink,
marls of the line, of the new red saud steno, and of the and of those three two were teetotal churches, while
older Silurian formations, showed they contained clay in some churches as many as seven were lost by this
and lime, and nothing else! Bet the chalk marl h ' means in • year. The quantity of such drink consumed
at the bottom • depoiit ..f phcophatie matter, the would fill • river 6 ft. deep, 20 ft wide, and 120 miles
remains of the exuvie, of animals long since passed long, and the misfortune IA that the sinners are still
away. Fishes lived in the chalkyvere and at the bottom dry, never satisfied. He gave some palatal instanoes
were nodules, containing the vertehim, ribs, and so on, where men had been brought to the verge of rain by
and the very exuv.:e of those fishes fossilized. That drunkenness, rescued by means of teetotalism, and
was what Mr. Payne found in hens, and he was the again sunk in misery by the example and offers of
first to bring out a phosphate =Lure. In supply- moderate men. The families of these poor drunkards
ing the necessary phosphatic principles, he pointed were described In heart-rending terms, and the lecturer
out that the bones of prelim one animals were asked would anyone plead for the use of that liquor
especielly vela dile. 11., reinin led tleeii that gu 4no th a e meeel t.tch calamities, and he wernid them that
was the dung of the penguins which fed on fishes, ' it is the first drop that does the harm and not the lut,
deposited on the rooks; and that the Norwegian : He believed that society would soon go ahead of the
fish manure company made use of the bones and I so-called" moderation," end it would become obsolete,
exavie of fishes. The value of a manure depended and he pointed to the increased respect manifested for
not on the stink it made, as some seemed to think, teetotalers of Lite, as • good sign of the times. Inter.
but on the amount of soda and potash in its coin- 'parsed in Mr. Capper's lecture he smog temperanee
position. Ile considered taking in beasts to feed in the songs, which were received with great applause, such as
straw-yard unprofitable as the manure obtained was " P.eldle your own Canoe,: "John Barley core (a
of very little value. For the beasts added nothing to I parody), "Setter late than never," and a very pithotie
the value or the straw, as even their secretions must one, founded on the griefs of • drankara't chili, whose
be derived from their food. This being the case he story he told, "Driven from Home." The lecture was
remarked on the uuwiadoin of landlords thinking it fall of energy, and delivered in a lively manner, while
important to stipulate all the straw shall bo consumed I the slight suspicion of northern ascent gave further
on the farm. But, if a tenant brought good manures, I piquanon.e-Time Bev. J. Hanierson moved a vote of
. and fed with some corn, using substances which really thanks to Mr. Capper, which was seconded and carried
added a value to the straw used, he WAS one worth I br asclamation. A vote of thanks was els, unanimously
having. 110 meal not say a ten not should not sell pie i to Me S. Hobbs.
straw, Or d., this Or the oth, r: let him do the best he THE ISTOTHE FORT PREPARISG FOR WAR.—Although
could for bimself, and lie must leave the lend HI a the number of men at present employed on the Fort
good eonditiou—(bear, hear.) Farmyard immure was is small, yet substantial progreso is being made. lon-
eelnablejast in the degree they were liberal in feeding. I provements are being adopted as fast as orders come
Supplying betel keepers and others with straw for the i from headquarters, and the place is getting reedy for
sake of the manure he coiwidured to bet investment. its shields and guns. The farmer will be of lIIIIISIVO
He urged the value of human excrementitious matter, thickness, being oh ral layers of solid wrought iron
as saved by Moule'a earth-system. Pasture land, he each limo, thick, with packing between. These shields
oonddered, was robbed in every conceivable form, and are much stouter than those in WM when the building
did not receive the liberal treatment it deserved. He of the Fort was completed, in feet those thought sulli•
pointed out that feeding awl caning meadow", -Meet then, would be of little or no use in the premet
'moraine to the usual practice, took from them a advanced state of artillery science. A tramway has
great deal of phosphatic matter, which must been constructed round the sea face of the Fort, just
be compensated, or serious deterioration would result, outside the embrasures, for the movement of the tracks
The rent of land varied from is. 61. to 1:5 an acre, carrying these heavy weights. It is believed the shields
which he attlibuted to its degree of fertility from the will be disembarked at the Breakwater and brought
unhand the note/lb—phosphatic matter and alkalies-it across the Roads in lighters to the entrance of the
contained. ThO farmer should study chemistry to Harbour. Hence they will be hoisted up by great
ascertain what by different crops he took from the cranes one above another. These cranes are prominent
soil, and than how in the best and cheapest way to objeote on the outside of the Fort, and will lift 10 tons,
. restore the ingredients so extracted. The more these the shields being 9 tons weight each. The 18don guns
matters were considered the better would they be able I were only lately at Woolwich, but then were all ready
to act upon economical principle'. In conclusion, he tor despatching to Weymouth. Inside the cesematts
mentioned going over a gentleman's estate in Berks. the " racers," or iron tramways, In form of sections of
end havizar peinted out to him • marl pit now dianaed • circle, on two of which each of the guns is wsrked,
that w.m put down in the rent-roll as yielding 1:500 a are being laid, in fact this poet of the fittings is nearly
year. Examination showed the mini consisted of complete. The magazines have for some time been
drifted chalk and silt from the river, and it did not handed over formally to the care of the master gunner
contain any ithosphatie matter whatever ! A chemical at the Verne, and we may expect that the occupation
experiment, coating a few shillings, would have saved of the Fort by the artillery, and its getting its teeth,
the farmers et the district the l:500 a year and all will soon became matters of fact. Turning from the
expenses connected with its use. sea face to the land glean', it may be interesting to
Mr. G. NV. IbOIER thought the use of artificial food know that the majority, if not all, of the little trees
with the herbage the best mums of improving pastures, planted some months ago, have survived the sharp
Arable land might be kept in condition by the use of tends of the late severe winter, and may now be can't.
artificial', but their application to pastures seemed adored in • fair way eventually to cover theglacii with
almost useless. As a top-dressing in the spring months a mass of greenwood.
he spoke of guano, and nitrate of soda, and especially ARRIVAL OF THE ILOTAL ARTILLERY. Public
now the wheat crop /leveled likely to be more valuable expectation, excited by menouumments that a detach.
than of late. meet of the Royal Artillery were coming to Wey.
Mr. Deem spoke of the difii.,aities which are likely mouth, has been on the qui tin: since Saturday, and
to arise from the low quality of the bulk of Peruvian when at last the splendid band of the Royal Seventh
guano now loft, and and they ought to have adopted muter SergeantSteeLwae perceived marehingupthestreat
the commoesonse principle of Moule's earth system on Tueslay afternoon, it was received as evidence that
years ago. Having during the last 30 years imported the expected gunners would me* oome. A consider.
more guano Into WA county then all the other dealers able number of people of various classes, Booked to the
together, he mentioned that he now found he could no railway station, and besieged the approaches to
longer get the quality guaranteed as all the beet Is the arrival platform, where the white-mated bands
i.xlieusted,end analysis showed the value varied from 1:7 men were waiting to do honours to the new
to 1.:15 ; hut he could notask them to give El 1 • ton for arrivahi. Some of the bonnet police were ready to
guano 'ellen he could get a guarantee of 44 quality, keep order ; but their services were limited to restrain-
£loo,ooo • year had been expended in this county for ing the freaks of the small boys, most of whom
years past for phosphates, and he regarded with some crowded round, peering into the wet tog, as if by that
dismay the prospect of keeping up tho supply. Corn means they would hasten the overdue train. At length,
and cake could be fed on the land, but their use must alter sundry terms of five minutes. the tram . appeared
depend on the price and value, to the relief of the crowd, who seemed to fancy that
Mr. LOCK said be used • good deal of soot in the this immense movement of troops had almost deranged
spring for his wheat, but be wanted to know how to the railway plans for the day. So small • number as
Improve his pasture land. He thanked the Professor 120 men meld never have awakened so much interest
for his advice about feeding corn. in • crowd had there not been some kind of iinpreesion
Mr. T. C. SAUNDIRB thought that thedeterioration of that the gum would arrive with the artillerymen, and
pastures often arose from mechanical rather than probably be drawn es gram& Game through the streets.
chemical causes, and he agreed with Mr. Damen es to When at length the detaehment made their appearance
the economy of home-made manures, without cannon, the crowd would li.ve felt disappointed
Mr. T. CHICK said he always thought broad clover had it not been for the remarkable height end general
took a great deal from the atmosphere, and therefore fine appearance of the men, most of whomlooked
did not impoverish the soiL nearly • head above ordinary mortals, and who
Mr. H. 'harem bore testimony to the value of top bore themselvee in a soldier-like manner that sue.
dressings, and referred to his experience of the manure tamed the interest they had awakened. They appeared
from Moule's earth-olosets. Ile bail now about twenty to be in heavy marching order, and were armed with
tons in store, and he thought that if the (Armen in short rides and the sword bayonet in steel sheath, and
their several parishes would make arrangements for their dark blue uniforms made them look more than
saving human exerementitiou matters they en:mid be '
commonly nape-wing. They numbered 121 of all
I amply remunerated. ranks, commanded by Captain J. T. B. Brown, and
Mr. Seurineas said he hal found guano answer well i Lieutenant Montecurio ; the sergeants were Battery-
as a topelreasine, but, with present pricce, he did not l Sergeant S inirrel, Quarter-master Sorgeant Congdon,
think it would pay. I Sergeants Curtis, Hill, and Kidd. The detachment
Mr. DAUM raid guano was the basis of all the corn- IWY accompanied by eight wives and 21 children.
pante manures, and as guano depreciated in value, 50 Having lift Woolwich about halt-past nine, they
would they all be. were rather weary when they arrived here and the great
The CHAIRHAN thought the statement th it the land whitey-brown haversacks looked as if they had been
was getting poorer in these days of advanced apical- frequently applied to. The men were drawn
lure was open to question, seeing the home:nee sums up outside the station, and marched off, the hand
expended for artificials and the increased production, f
o the Seventh playing "Le Patriot" March (Pique)
He suggested the disuse of median might arise from iu their frout. A good number turned out on the road
enough having been acme for that period. Thu ectiou and remarked their martial appearance, and even
of chalk in this neighbourhood was manurial. scsompanied them down Thomas-street, and over the
Professor BUCKMAN, in replying, urged the import- ' Bridge. The band also pleated the march " Bramoniere"
since of phosphates to restore soil and renovate pastures. (Brunet) end "Mohican" • fine march composed by
and advised them to feed some of their cowl at home Sergeant Steel himself. This last composition was
end let it walk to market, rather then be convoyed in concluded by Sergeant Steel after the regiment came
waggons. to Weymouth, and be may be proud of being its
A vote of thanks was passed to the lecturer, and the , author. At the barrack squares the bead took up •
meeting ended. ' Position in front of the barracks on the loft, and the
~...... I artillery marched past and were drawn up facing
them. They soon formed squads for mess, and were
marched off into the barracks. There for the present
they will be lodged, the Nothe Fort being occupied as
married quarters. The captain looked a particularly
tall soldierly gentlemen, end wore two naedals, and
the Turkish order of the liedjidie, The full strength
of the detachment le about 140 ; but some of the
recruits were left behind at Woolwich. Those who
came to Weymouth had served in North America
before Woolmoh. The guns are now expected soon to
arrive. It seem' that more men will be required than
the present force. it ever the guns are to be fought,
for although those pointing to Weymouth will weigh
seven tons, others will be of 18 tons weight.
BOROUGH Pyrry &smogs, Friday.—Before the
Maple ei Milledee, Kele and J. Drew, F.w,
litlwarJ Ilaa4fonl, porter, NSA brought up for Wing drUnk
and incspalile. lee. Belem:int found him in that state in
Malden-Area, /stout heliport', ten o'clock on Thuneday eight,
hod put him en his own trucks and Wyk bun to the 'Asthma.

POR i LAND.
H.M.S. hiIIIOTAUIL, bearing the dig of Vice-Adrairal
Wenegro', 01131 b into the Roads on Wednesday after.
noon, and took up her moorings at the usual anchorage.

WINFILITIL

SINGULAR &WARR.- A few days sgo David King,
WWI for hr. J. A. Damen, was out shooting, whtn,
liring a doublebirrelled gun, the left barrel burst to
pieties, close by hi, hand, and singularly though happily
it did him no hurt. The barrel was vary foul, and
no doubt that caused the explosion. Let those who
use guns take the caution.

RSET COUNTY EXPRESS AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, TUESDAY, MARCH 7, 1971.

cases,ected
ld
nnial
and
sa:::::wgu
igetatere
athdheti.h.
itowimiig
nu.
oulmtfi
eipon; :is
ttb: I,:brecrutieat •
d;t:ip:ltyikg_:;l:it
is by
_cl!funs!ereoe:ffur Heavy
mg. bnlyt. harrow'
csfept
clovers in the full°w I-
Id turf earl in WWI. to
ces
ice
should be drawn over the.°
iewe
freely,
w...
.tor.n:yoing.f
othaem.yedeeou' IsaT:uspe.:odweowhivellt.rhylle.
coarse grease'
"d "7:: words. It an the top droning, I
if any is applied march. and April, are reeom•
The months of Februarle
eeeds—the surlier the better, as
themended
utl
also
if
inrosmta,.l !tel.
iiyafter srryiflg the a
niaanill tecy..jThrtaullii:oaafunnoyldiodiluonAintiligihog.eauf:osiolnind
thti
emot dvberer. very
of uses', this is
ining
.would be
1.00 Infallible remedy for the moss, not only destroy-
T-4- It, but preventing the growth in future. Mix two
oartloeds of quicklime, with eitht cartloads of good light
loam, turning the compost several times theta may be
well inixtl and the lime well slaked; spread this quantity
per sore over the pasture, dragging the turf well with
barrow. In sowing the seeds, choose a fine day, when
the land is tolerably dry, but when there arc indica-
tions of approaching rain ; these are much more
favourable conditions for the seeds to fall on the lend
than rain, or showery weenier, as they are more
likely to be evenly covered, and will be very gradually
absorbing moisture from the soil, previous to the fall
of rain, which they will then be in a condition to
receive with benefit; whereas, it sown after • shower,
which is frequently done, these advantages are not
obtained, but the seeds having become saturated with
moisture, and the dry weather returns, they are often
malted. Cattle should not be allowed to graze at the
same season as this dressing Is given, or at leant not
till after one crop of hay has been taken from it. As
to the poor chalky hills that are now worth but
little for feed, I should recommend that they be
broken up if not too hilly, by which we could get
double the amount of feed from sainfoin and root mops
to which they would produce in their original state,
and enough corn between to pay the expenses of
breaking. If we have good meadows by no means
break thorn up, but manure literally, and I am quite
sure you will ho well repaid for your outlay. I should
have mentioned that folding sheep on pasture. does
not improve it to so greet an extent as it does arable
land. I should say the differenoe would arise from the
different management. The manure or droppings from
the sheep on the arable land would be ploughed or
dressed is, and in the other Gaga it wool remain on
the surface for • considerable time, end b..intr exposed
would loose some of its manuring properties. In con-
elusion I thank you, gentlemen, for the kind attention
you have paid me, and I trust that by making these
few simple remarks it will raise a discussion amongst
the more experienced members of the °lull, which may
throw some light on the subject.
An animated and practical dismission followed, but
pressure on our spuerthis week by the assises,preclndes
us from giving more than a brief summary of it.
Mr. T. CHAPMAN SAUNDERS mentioned the dis•
spoetrare > of the grasses from one of their meadows,
leitwitheteniling frequent sheeptolding, and was dee
to attribute it to something in the management.
Ile thought it might be a good plan to change the stook
put in mesdows, and that grass "honld not be allowed
to run ti seed before it was cut for hay.
Mr. Once said of his water meadow, about I was
drained, Anil from Chet part ho could got three Lito6l
tho TRI,IO in food ho °Jul.! off the undrained portion
I»th the quantity bud quality of the hay b !leg much
superior. With regard to manuring light land pastures,
he did not think using farneyard manure would pay so
well as if it wine appla-il to arable land. He found
road scraping', or any fine compost of that sort, mixed
with • little dung, answered best.
Mr. SLY attributed the falling off in the pastures to
the system of stall-feeding now pursued, and mentioned
the great improvement in one of his pastures by feeding
hay and swedes upon it. His cow-lease he had tried
to improve by bones and guano. With bone deg,
applied in the proportion of 8 cwt. to the sore, he
obureed not the least beeelit. To repress moos he had
put loose N tray over • patch, letting it lie lid the gran
grew through, and then raked the straw on to another
piece, sad so till it was all gone, lie commended the
drawing of water wationrsi and showed the import-
ance of means to carry off till water as le»ri Ls it was
done with. Water early in the autumn was most
valuable, anillhe amusingly showed the importance of
the water being of good quality.
Mr. RANDALL differel from Mr. Sly as to feeding
stock in the fields in winter time. Mr. Sly was a
landlor,l'e rather than a farmer's friend in advocating
such a practice—(hear, hear.) For himself he liked to
shelter beasts as much as possible in the winter, for
by so doing he believed they required less fool and
did fir better than when they were exposed to the
cold. lie believed the manure of stall-fed beasts was
of far better quality too, for of entree when fed in
sheds, beasts bad corn and sake. Ha did not consider
that straw passing through an animal was any better
than if token direct from the shed. He did not know
much about water meadow', but he vu satisfied
there was a great deal between Wool and Moreton
that required a grrat deal of improvement. With
regard to dry meadows, he considered the better the
manure the better the result.

WINFRITII FARMERS' CLUB.
Black Bear Inn, Wool, on Thursday
I"S'air Mr. T.
The simnel meeting of this club was heldm:tpthree
sident (Mr. J. J. Bate.) occupied the o2_
char,
Chapman Saunders (Vice-President), al v`e°
The attain:hums was not SO 111110 as„_ following_•_
Mr. Logout, introduced for disiethesstof, a following
Vice-Chairman
land, Ile said :—Mr. Chairteen, Mr. VI ,
subjects—The Management d meadow and pasture
the
wag s discussion, namely,
the subject for this eiw• •
ow and pasture land, I must
and Gentlemen,—As I ha" ,and. erthken t° introduce
improvement of maad
ask your • 11l d Um,/for a brief space. The subject is
of
each cat, ~eportance that I feel quite inadequate to
task;the bee, as I am much indebted for the metre.-
hon
derived
from the observations and opinions of
others. so
shall I make an humble endeavour at repay-
merit This will loe done In the bh .1,1141 of remarks
unths facts which have come to my knowledge from
Drerent sources, and hints from kind neighbours and
friends, bearing snore or lees on the subject proposed,
namely, the improvement of meadow and pasture land.
We might first consider the extent of meadow and
pasture land, as laid down in Macqueen's statistics of
18(.8. Of courses that is of no very recent date; still,
1 think we may take his figures in consideration, to
give us some ides of the extent of meadow and pastures.
Lie tekes the area of the United Kingdom to be in
round numbers 77,000,000 acres, which he divide, in
the following manner—arable,26,ooo,ooo ; meadow end
and pasture, 41,000,000; road*, rivers, coppices, and in
a state of nature, 10,000,000. It is also stated, that
this nation employs considerably over 1:200,000,0)0
sterling of tenants' capital in the production of corn
and meat; and many millions more in the manufactu e
of machines and manures, whiebi induce mother earth
to bestow good gifts on her children. Now, if we
consider the meadow and pasture land to be more
than half the area of the United Kingdom,
it must well call our attention to the de-
sirability of its improvement. Again, what we con-
sider the large quantity of beef and mutton sent to the
London and other markets front our grazing districts,
the quantity of butter and cheese produced from other
grass lauds, and the comparative high price of meat,
butter, and cheese, with the generally low price of
corn, we shall certainly he convinced tat ii groat
iinprevement is necessary. It we look around us in
the most important corn-growing districts, and see the
Loge number of horses and oxen kept at groat conchae,
as well as labourers to do the work on the arable land,
the number of costly implements employed, the !
machinery both of steam and horse power; an I, arain,
when we see the immense Licks of sheep kept, and the
amount of feeding stuff they ooneuine, and last, but
not least, when we consider the groat amount LOKI Out
in artificial manures every year, and this done almost
exclusively to eurioh the arable land. we might well
pause and ask ourselves if more should not be done to
the pastures. Not only do we expend large quantities
of money, as I hare before described, but we frequently
house our cattle in the winter months to enlarge and
enrich our manure heaps for the benefit of our arable
land ; and this is • system which, although slowly,
will surely degrade our pastures. The &pasturing of
our docks by day, and folding them on the arable by
night, also has • tendency to impoverish the pastures.
Tois being a butter,ohame, and stock•producing county,
there is an invisible but sure decrease of those phua.
photos me essehtial to keep up the fertility of the soil
goiug on, by taking from the laud those chemical
properties
of which the exporting coizinicliti,s are
composed, and to remedy this evil the d fl•
money must be made up in Caine way or other I will
now touch upon whist more immediately coucerus us—
the improvement of our meadows arid pastures. The
large extent of land which is under poi/tare gra+ makes
It a point of no small importance to ascertain
the Wet mode of improving it, aud rendering it
profitable to the maximum degree. The poor
condition of the &ohm° in too many districts
shows that much has yet to be done in improving
the fields which yield it. If we bogia by improving
our wet land, draining is of essential service to pasture
land, especially heavy land. Where it is Lioroughly
carried oat, it requires that degree of porosity in the
soil which ii best calculated to improve its productive-
ness, a natural result of the neglect of drainage being,
the rise and maintenance of poor aquatic unuutritious
greases ; these, on the land being dratued, will disappear,
and, at first sight, reduce the value of the pasture, but
the loss is only apparent, for the growth can be well
made up by sowing renovating mixtures of to finest
'raises. Now, for draining strong clay lauds, draiue
should not be more than from twenty to twenty four
feet apart; and I think from three to three.and.a.half
feet quite deep enough for laud 'if that description.
But, it land has a gravelly or sandy subsoil, you may
go four feet or even deeper, and increase the width
between in proportion. As there eau be no uniform
role laid down as to depth and distance of drains, the
subsoil varying so very much, this point must be left
to the discretion of the drainer. But we mast not be
led away by the theory of book drainers, who tell us if
we drain deep we may drain wide apart in may soil. I
have known drains put in four and a half feet deep,
and twelve yards apart, in strong clay land, and in two
or three years after when the clay got close over the
drains, they were of very little use indeed. However
deep we dig in clay land, we must nut go too wide
apart. In draining strong clay lan I should re,:otn.
'need the clay thrown out to remain for some days to
the exposure of the sue and wind, which would cause
small fissures to form in the lumps, so well as in the
sides of the drains, which would admit the water more
freely when filled in. 1 have known drains work very
satisfactorily in clay lands by cutting the first sod the
same width as the bottom of the drain, awl put im-
mediately on the pipes, the grass aide being downwards.
I should recommend a considerable length of drain to
be taken out, where the soil would admit, before
filled in, so that the drainer may set that he has a uni-
form depth to lay the pipes in their prop.:r places.
lu taking out abort spaces, and filling iu again, I do not
think the work can he done so effectually. There are
various opinions as to which way the drains should be
cut in the laud. Ido not stagiest either as being the
best, as sometimes you may, by cutting • few drains
across the upper end of a field, dry nearly the whole
of it. As regards time 613 of the pipes used, a 'di-Mob
pipe would be sufficient for some land, but where the
land is of • seedy nature, larger pipes Would ha used.
In all cases, the principal or carrier drains should be
large enough to take the water quickly to the twilit,
and to allow the small or feeding drains to curet
quickly. It is highly recomineuded by experieuced
drainer, to put In air drew, where convenient, allow-
ing the upper end of the drain to lead into a ditch or
some other open space, to admit the air, by which the
drains will meet more freely, and consequently the
land will get dry more quickly: Caro should be taken
to make some mark at the end of each drain, to see
that they are not choked up. Dreiuing does not only
benefit the land, by making it dryer, but by rendering
It more porous, so as to allow the rain water to filter
through the soil, and leave behind it the gases and
nutritious quelitim which Bimetallic Watt r meadow
is the cheapest land to improve, as the water filings
fertilising properties with it, which save the expense
of artificial manure • also the cartage of farm yard
manure. But this above all other grass laud should be
kept dry, except when you turn the water over it. If
It Is capable of getting dry as soon as the hatches are
drawn out, the water will do twice SA mush good when
it conies over it again. If it is nocioasary to drain
water meadows, you should be careful that the soil be
pressed firm in the drains after the pipes are put in,
otherwise the water will ran in at the top, and wash
down the small earth into the pipes, and stop them
up. They should not be watered the following
year after draining, that time may be allowed the
drains to get firm oa the top, when the water
will flow over as before. We all know
that for a meadow to water well it shoald be thrown
up in narrow beds, so that the water may run swiftly
over It; otherwise it will not do half the good; but
produce • rough coarse grass. The • ater that come*
from chalky springs is the best, but the is only obtain-
able in certain districts. Tho next best is the thick
flood water from the rivers, but that which comes from
the heath, I think of little use. We should be
particular to get the first fl 'ode at autumn over our
meadows if possible, as the water is then much fuller
of manure than afterwards. As, however, water
meadows are only possible in certain localities, we
must endeavour to improve our other grass lands.
Doing thia, we all know, is • difficulty, because we
seem to want all the yard manure that we can get, for
the arable land, its that will bring a quicker, but I
should say not • surer, return. In manure straw and I WEST LUL WORTH.
heavy land, chalk is • good dressing at the rate of 30 '
to 40 tons per acre. It will not only fertilize the soil, SCHOOL TRICIT3.—It is gratifying to know lhow
bat will last • number of pare If that is not obtain. well oared for ars the children in tins parish, under
able by wawa of distanoe, lime is a good substitute, at the charge of the esteemed Rector, the Rev. Wr
the mite of about three waggon loads per acre, mixed Oildes. During the winter months a night whoa,
up with the *leaning of ditches, earth by the road side, numerously attended, hu been carried on, and last
and road scrapings, all of which are good mil:tures for Monday evening the boys were entertained, in • very
heavy land ; or, if lime is applied in a raw state, in handsome way, through the kindness of the Rector
Vest lulw
aterwthrwiaur indicated caete entertained
their i;
cleaning out of mud ponds, ditc4o,
heavy compost mixed with yard dung, is a gor d dress-
heaps of about a bushel, and about 250 bushels in the and Mrs. Gildea. •hout forty 'assembled, and w-
ean, and spread abroad as won as pulverised, it will took of a splendid repast of roast beef and plum
answer a good PUrprese. In manure light soils, the pudding—fare dearly loved by every English boy,
nationality by enjoying the appetising display
'o
log. Where the herbage is rough and course, salt at
about 5 cwt. per acre, sown broadcast, is recionuneniled. b, • seriesrive"
or
any
:nude th the
o roul; dhe ly. of
'limey were
pictures brilliantly shown by the aid of
In some ports of Somerset, they use marl—a kind of a magic lantern. Of course it was an exceedingly
fatty clay—which has an excellent °Gat as • manure, pleasant evening for the boys. On Tuesday evening
put on the land in the same manner as we use chalk in the scholars at the danday 'o6o°l, and their mothers,
our chanty distil:ha and about the same quantity per were invited to tea, and • happy party of 135
acre, varying according to eircumstances. I do not gathered together. The social meal was pleasurably
think artificial manures, such as bone duet or guano, discussed, and the evening passed with singing, an
are used so much in this county as • dressing for addressYrom the Rector (who urged on the mothers
pastures, as In SOWS °thaw. In Staffordshire, • large the importance of their children attending school
producing county of butter and cheese, and cattle, regularly), distribution of books, liers and scholars, m
Ste.,, an primes to both
they annually use • largo quantity of bones, teso and • magic 'lantern entertain.
to restore the recetheing
quehtiee taken away.
meet Immense gratification was afforded by the whole
Accordingto a prize essay in the Highland sooiety's Fr""dinga Several of the R°°t°r'l friends in the
transactions, bearing on the use and value of neighbourhood were present, Ilise Fooks, the exoellent
artificial manure as a top dressing for pastures, schoolmistress, took an active part in promoting the
it reconlinends for strung soils, guano, sulpha,e of pleasure of the party; and the success was complete
11113111011lA, nitrate of soda, aad soot, as a good dressing. These latest manifestations of the love of the Rector
On light Bolls compost of earth, bone dust, cattle urine, and Mrs. Gildea for the parishioners, will endear them
salt, seaweed, and first refuse ere the most suitable, still more to all in the neighbourhood,
and generally have an excellent effect, should all these
fail to make good pasturage, then mutant, it ought to
be ploughed up. Not that we can be at all certain that
if so treated it would be the first time that this or that W01110(1161 SUPPltft.—The employes at Means.
piece of land has been furrowed by the plough. Jame; A. and H. J. Panton'e brewery were enter.
Thousands of acres of meadow and pastures are pro- taiinal ly time ill lii at their annual sapper on Monday
ducing lea* than half the quantity of beyond feed which evening, at the II ,ar Hotel, when Mr. and Mrs. Nicol
the land is capable of, owing to deficieney of the grasses provided a sumptuous repast. Mr. H. J. Penton filled
which are most productive and most suitable for the the chair, whilst the forenoon of the brewery under-
sell. In some cases, where the pastures are very foul ' took the duties of the vise-chair. The ntuel touts
with weeds and moss, it is advisable to pare and burn were proposed and heartily received, and amid aus
the old wird, sad mew the land es**, bet, In Dust &4 014"1000 6 dild wig MIIIIII will *esti

Mr. LILLIZIGTON suggested that the water meadows
might be each improved if the landlords would, so
arrange the hatch s, kg , that they could get the
go yi w•t. r an,' g.t it quickly off the land when it
1/1111 W1:11.

Mr. CHICK corrob >r•ktc I Mr. Sly ci to tho ineff,etise•
ness of bone dud; feeding beast on the land in winter
was no doubt good for the land, but he did not think
it paid,
Mr. CHAPHAN SAUNDERS mentioned the usefulness of
clot drrins. One of their meadows was so drained
between 40 and 50 years ago, he sometimes saw one of
them, cut through to get out a hare or rabbit, and they
were good now, and seemed likely to last for 100 years
to conic. Ile also spoke of the usefulness of an air
drain in water meadows, and advised rolling dry meads
In tho wink r.

The ltrminticr remarked that the dimussiou had
turnel warily on the relative advantages of cattle and
core--which was entitled to the dung made on the farm.
Ho thought they might as well expect arable land to
grow v.mr after year X.e same description of coop with.
out manuring, as that pastures should continue to carry
the same class of stook. In each case the soil required
to be supplied with the constituents taken from it by
it. crops. Dairy land especially suffered from want of
as adequate return for what wee taken off it, for in the
majority of eases dairy cows lived on the minimum a/
food; anal the maximum of produce wag taken from the
land. He dad not begrudge the manure taken to the
arable land, but they should by liming or bones supply
to the pastures the phosphates taken from it, He
advised changing besets and sheep in their pastures.
Mr. Sly amply illustrated the importance of
securing good water for their meadows. No doubt
the first dews of autumn were the best, and that when
the water was done with it was important It should run
off quickly. This he had seen at the Duke of Marl.
borough's at Blenheim. In draining clay lends be
illustrated the importance of doing it in the auteren
when the land is dry. He agreed with Mr. Chick that
a compost, of road scrapings, ko., was • good dressing
for dry meadows that bring up the finer grasses, but he
did think a little faros-yard manure with it an improve.
scent- .(hoar, hear)—and beyond that a little lime, or a
few half-inch bone.. Bone dust ho thought too solo.
hie. lie pointed out that butter, and ',helm, and beef
bed greatly increased in pries of late yeara—(Mr.
Hibbs: Doubled in 20 years)—and therefore, he urged,
it was to their advantage to pay attention to their
pastures. With regard to the management of water
meadows, he thought much depended on the watarmen,
and their management of the hatelies, and *economy,
and right use of water ; and that an improvement in
these would save much to the landlord, and greatly
benefit the employer. Clot drains might answer
where there were no rats or rabbits, who were likely to
break them down, but lie thought there was nothing
better than round pipes. In conclusion, he moved a
veto of thanks to Mr. Longman.
Mr. SLY emended, and urged that what they wanted
to improve their water meadows was to get rid of the
ho; water. This ho showed from his own experiences
only promoted the growth of wiry rashes, and his
waterman found that not even • jack could live in it,
audit turned earth-worms white I The water-eonne
from Wool to Wareham ran 20 miles, whin-mail it were
out straight it would only intend five miles. lie
advocated that the landlords should make the course of
the stream in a direct line—itpwould pay amply in the
land saved, and would enable them to get rid of the
water quickly. He would undertake to do It, if they
would give him • piece of lend equal in extent to what
was gained by it. Amongst other advantages he urged
this would assist in the cultivation of salmon.
The l'assiourr said itawu quite practicable to out
the watercourse straight as Kr. Sly suggested, and be
believed the was quite right as to the benefits he
anticipated would be derived thereby.
Mr. Lorauan replied to the remerks offered, and
aoknowled the vote of tnanks.

The mooting then ended:-
1.1.40 r• the lecture a latter was read by the Se4sretary
(dr. RANDALL) from Yr. Vertu., of Weymouth, stating
that Messrs. Gibbs and Co.. would offer a prise of LI
for the best piece of mangel or swede, grown with
manurel bought through hint (XL Vertu.). The ooto•
mitteo will decide for which crop the prise chili be
offered.