The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1883-06-16 00:00:00

THE SEIZURE OF EXPLOSIVES IN
LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM.

TRIALS FOR TREASON-FELONY.

In London, on Monday morning, a special session
for the jurisdiction of the Central Criminal Court for
the trial of the prisoners charged with treason-felony,
n connexion with what is commonly known as the
"Dynamite Conspiracy" was held at the Sessions-
house, Old Bailey, before the Lord Chief Justice of
England, the Master of the Rolls, and Mr. Justice
Grove. The Lord Mayor, attended by the Sword and
Mace Bearers and the City Marehall, went in state
from the Mansion-house to receive their lordships. As
was expected, great public interest was excited in the
case, and the admission to the court was by tickets,
barricades being erected at the various entrances to
the building, which were guarded by the City police.
The prisoners were brought from, and after the sitting
taken back to, Millbank, under a strong escort of
mounted police.

At about twenty minutes to eleven o'clock the Lord
chief Justice, the Master of the Roll 3, and Mr.

Justice Grove took their seats upon the benCh, and the
jury were then impanelled.
The prisoners, THOMAS GALLAGHER, 33, described
as a pbysician ; HENRY WILSON, 22, clerk; JOHN
CURTIN, 34, engineer, WILLIAM ANSBURGH, 21, no
occupation ALFRED WHITEHEAD, 23, painter; and
BERNARD GALLAGHER, 29, iron monlder, were then
placed in the dock. They were charged that they,
within the United Kingdom and without, did
compass, devise, and intend to deprive and de-
pose our Most Gracious Lady the Queen from
the style and honour or Royal name of the Im-
perial Crown of the United Kingdom, and to
levy war against her, in order to compel her to
ch Inge her measures and counsels, and in order to in-
timidate and overawe both Houses of Parliament; and
such intentions did utter and declare by divers overt
acts and deeds. They were further charged with con-
spiring and agreeing with other persons maliciously
to destroy and damage by nitro glycerine and other
explosive substances divers houses and buildings of
Her Majesty used for public service, and other houses
and buildings. There were other charges against
them of being in the possession of a large quantity of
nitro•glycerine an t other explosive substances with
intent and for tho purpose of enabling others to
commit certain felonies, and also for a conspiracy to
murder.

All the prisoners pleaded "Not Guilty."
The Attorney-General, the Solicitor• General, Mr.
Pcland, and Mr. R. S. Wright conducted the prosecu-
tion for the Crown; Mr. Edward Clarke, Q.C., Mr.
J. J. Sims, and Mr. H. J. Broun were counsel for
Thomas Gallagher, Mr. Bowen Rowlands, Q.C., and
Mr. Keith Frith defended Curtin; Mr. Burnie and
Mr. Sanders appeared for Ansburgh ; Mr. T. Waite
represented Whitehead; Mr. M. W. Matthinson
appeared for Bernard Gallagher; the prisoner Wilson
conducted his own defence.

The Attorney-General, in opening the case for the
prosecution, said the position the jury had accepted
imposed upon them a duty of no ordinary character.
The crime with which the prisoners were charged was
one of extreme gravity, not only in the punishment
they would probably receive if found guilty, but also as
relating to those who were charged with the mainten-
ance of law and order in this country. The charge was
one of treason-felony—controlled and regulated by the
statute of 1848—which approached very closely to the
crime of high treason, the highest offence known to
the law. In order to support the charge against the
prisoners it would have to be shown thet every one of
them had intended and devised either to depose the
Queen from the government of a certain portion of
her dominions, or that war was intended to be levied
against the Queen for the purpose of causing her to
change her counsels, that was, to change the mode of
government of a portion of her dominions, or in order
to intimidate or overawe either House of Parliament
in the performance of their duty. The prisoners, or
at least some of them, concluded the Attorney.
General, were found dealing largely with a deadly ex-
plosive, which was not a saleable commodity; and if
the jury found the evidence sufficient to sustain the
charge, their offence was one almost unparalleled in the
history of crime, and richly merited any punishment
that could be passed.
The first witness called was William Joseph Lynch,
ceias Norman, who was examined by the Attorney-
General. He said: I am 22 years of age, and am by
trade a coach-painter. I am an American by birth.
In August last I was working at my trade in Brooklyn,
near New York. In August a man named Daniel
O'Connor asked me to join the Fenian Brotherhood,
and he told me that he was already a member, and
that the object of the society was to obtain the free-
dom of Ireland by force alone. He said the name of the
club I was to join was the Emerald Club, and it was
a branch of the Fenian Brotherhood. He told me the
club used to meet at the Oddfellows Hall, Second.
street, Bowery, New York. O'Connor took me to the
meeting-room, where I found about 30 men, all of
whom were strangers. These men were known by
numbers, and their names were not mentioned.
An oath was administered to me to keen the
secrets of the brotherhood and obey the orders
of my superior officers and preserve the funds of
the brotherhood. I kissed a book when the oath was
administered to me, and I had to pay 2 dole. when I
was admitted, and 10 cents a month afterwards. The
meetings were held weekly, and I used to attend them
about twice a month. A watchword wasgiven before an
one was admitted to the meetings, and this watch-
word was changed for every meeting. I heard by
accident that the name of the president of the club
was Thomas- Burns and his number was 10. My
number was 113. I think the secretary's number was
13. They used to talk about the "Old Man," and I
understood that O'Donovan Rossa was the person
who was thus described. Ther3 wera several other
clubs in New York belonging to the Fenian Brother-
hood. One was called the Esperanza, another John
Davis, and another Michael Devitt. There was also
another club called the Tom Moore Club. Some of the
members were known as district members, and we who
were members of the Emerald Club were told that we
must obey the orders of those members. In March last
a letter was given to me to take to the prisoner Dr.
Gallagher, who was practising as a physsieian at
Brooklyn. The prisoner opened the door to me, and
he told me to come inside. We went into the parlour,
where I gave him the letter and he asked me my
name and if I was working. He then told me that
he should want me to go to London, and I asked him
what for. He replied that I should know when I got
there. I told him I would rather be excused, as I had
my mother and sister to maintain, to which he replied
that I should be back in two months, and my mother
and sister would be seen to while I was away, and I was
not to tell them that I was going away. I saw him again
the next morning, and he gave me 50 dols., and
told me to take a ticket for Liverpool under another
name, and I took the name of Norman. I took the
ticket as directed, in the steamship Spain, and as I was
going back to Gallagher's I met Thomas Burns, and he
told me that the "old man" would see me righted. I
then went to Gallagher's, and showed him my ticket,
and he gave me 100 dole., and gave me alto a letter ad•
dressed to himself at the American Exchange, West
Strand, and hesaid I was to let him know where I was
staying when I arrived in London. Gallagher at the
same time gave me a box about six inches long and two
inches wide, in which there was a coiled iron spring. I
threw the box overboard as I was coming to England.
I arrived in Liverpool on the 22nd of March, and
passed by the name of Norman. I had no luggage
with me when I arrived, and had no clothes but those
I was wearing, and I purchased some articles of cloth-
ing with the money Galagher had given me. On
Tuesday, the 22nd of March, I came to London and
stopped at Edwards 's Hotel, Euston-square, and on
the Saturday following I wrote a letter to Gallagher,
telling him where I was staying, and on the same
day I saw Thomas Gallagher, and we went out
together. We passed the place where the explosion
took place, and I pointed it out :to him. I had
been there before, and said I had seen the place. He
said that it was a bad job for us. I asked him if that
was what we were going to do, and he said it was, but
this explosion was only child's play. We went to tbe
House of Commons, and Gallagher said, "This will
make a grand craetn'when it comes down." He after.
wards showed we the police-office at Scotland,yerd,
told me that was the head-quarters of the detective
police of London, and that would have to come down
too. He asked me if I wanted any money, and I said I
wanted a little, and he gave me £6 or £7. He told me
not to let myself run short, as the "old man" would
see that it was all right. A day or two after this
Gallagher told me that he should want me to go to
Whitehead's in Ledsam-atreet, Birmingham, and ask
for the material, and he gave me 25 to buy a "respect.
able-looking" trunk with, and I was to place the
material in this trunk. I did as the prisoner directed
me, and told the proprietor that I was going to Birming•
ham, and would telegraph to him when I was likely to
return. I had never heard the name of Whitehead until
Gallagher mentioned it to me. I went to Whitehead's
shop, and I noticed that there was very little stock in
it, as I only saw a small quantity of brushes and paint
pots. I saw Whitehead, and told him that I had
been sent by Gallagher for the material, and that I
was to take it on a truck. Whitehead told me I
could not take it on a truck, and I must have a bag,
and he directed me to a shop in the Bull-ring, saying
at the same time that he did not think I could get
preper bags in Birmingham. I could not obtain what
I wanted, and Whitehead told me I must return to
London, where I could get the proper sort of bag, and
I accordingly returned to London on the following
morning, the 3rd of April.
At this stage of the case the court adjourned for
luncheon, after which the trial was proceeded with.
William Norman was then further examined by the
Attorney General. He said: I left Birmingham on
the 3rd of April and returned to London, and saw the
prisoner Gallagher. He had previously sent a tele-
gram to me in the name of Fletcher, making an ap-
pointment to see him at the Charing-cross Hotel at
ten o'clock on the following morning. I told him
what had taken place at Birmingham, and he gave me
an indiarubber bag and told we to go back to Birming-
ham with it on the following morning. I accordingly
returned and saw Whitehead. Before I went away Dr.
Gallagher told me I had better not remain at Edwards's
Hotel and he said ho would get a lodging for
me and say that I was a medical student, and an
arrangement was made for us to meet when I came
back, and he was to take me to the lodging. 'Upon
seeing the prisoner Whitehead I gave him the bag, and
I afterwards held it while he poured the stuff in. I
asked him what it was, and he replied, "You will
soon know." The bag was nearly full. Whitehead
then told me to go and buena wooden trunk, and I did
so, and the bag containing the nitro-glycerine was
placed in it, and I returned to London with the box
and its contents. On my arrival I at once telegraphed
to Gallagher, and the box was left at the station as
ordinary luggage.
By the Lord Chief Justice : The bag of nitro-glyce-
.rine fitted tightly into the teunk.
Examination continued: When I saw Thoinae Gal.
lagher we took a cab, and the bag was placed on the
top of it, and as we were going along he gave me a
£5 note and told me that he had engaged a lodging
for me at the Beaufort Hotel, Bouthampton•street,

Strand, that he had represented me to be a
medical student. I had nothing to do with being
a medical student. The box was carried up into the
room that had been engaged for me, and a remark was
made by the porter that it was very heavy. On the
same day I was arrested by Inspector Langrish. I
know nothing of any of the other prisoners; and
after I had been in custody a few days I communi-
cated with Inspector Langrish, and made an offer to
give evidence for the prosecution.
Cross-examined by Mr. Clarke, Q C. : I first ratvie
my appearance as a witness at Bow-street on the 6th
of April, and before that time I had been placed in
the dock with the other prisoners. I was aware that
Whitehead had been taken into custody before
I offered to give evidente for the Crown. I
addressed Langrish as "Friend Langrish," and
when he came to see me I made a statement which he
took down in writing, but I did not sign it. After I
had made this statement I was again brought up as a
prisoner at Bow-street. After this I wrote another
letter to Langrish, pressing him to come and see me
alone. My reason for this was that I did not wish to
give the members of the police force any unnecessary
trouble. Langrish did come and see me a second time,
and I told him a little more than I had told him at
first, and at the next examination I think I was exa-
mined as a witness for the proseaution. I do not
think that I was told that the information I had first
given was not sufficient, and I then made a further
statement in which I mentioned the clubs in New
York and their object. I never was in Ireland.

Mr. Clarke : Have you ever interested yourself in
politics?

Witness: Not much.
Mr. Clarke: Have you read much about Irish
politics?
Witness: I have not,. and I never heard how much
the population has diminished of late years, and I am
not aware that Ireland did within the last century
posses a Parliament of her own, under the authority
of the Crown. I ant aware that the object of the
agitation in Ireland was that she might again have a
Parliament of her own sitting in St. Stephen's-green.
I believe that it was the object of the Land League,
but I have always understood that the object of the
Fenian Brotherhood was that Ireland should be made
a Republic. I have never stated this before. All
that I saw done at the meetings of the club I attended
was that people were elected as members. The only
names I heard mentioned Were those of Burns and two
Sullivans. Everybody belonging to the dub was known
by a number.
Mr. Clarke: Have you ever personally entertained
any designs against the life of the Queen?

Witness : Never.
Mr. Clarke: Have you ever been party to any plot
for an insurrection in Ireland?
• Witness: Never.

Mr. Clarke: What did you want in the way of an
alteration in the Government of Ireland?
Witness: I did not want anything. It would not
benefit me if Ireland was made free to-morrow. (A
laugh.)
By Mr. Waite: My first interview with Whitehead
did not last more than 20 minutes, and we had no con-
versation whatever about politics at that interview. I
merely told him that I had been sent by Dr. Gallagher
to fetch the material, and that I was to buy a z espect-
able-looking trunk to put it in, to which be replied that I
could not take it in s trunk, and that I must procure
indiarubber bags. I had no idea at this time that the
material referred to was an explosive compound. lam
quite sure that when I asked Whitehead what the article
was he replied that I should soon know. I first began
to suspect what the article was when the prisoner
Thomas Gallagher spoke about the explosion in
Parliament-street. I thought that the box containing
the spring that was given to me by Gallagher was a
suspicious thing, and that the opening was intended
for making a hammer strike a cap, thus causing an
explosion.

By the prisoner Wilson: I never saw you until I
saw you in custody at Bow-street. I was told at the
Club that "the old man" meant O'Donovan Rona.
At the time I was enrolled as a member I considered
the oath administered to me as binding as the one I
, have taken to-day.
Wilson: Then have you not broken your oath by
giving the information you have today?
Witness: I hay.; but the oath I took then and
the oath I have taken to-day are very different
things.
Re-examined : I was asked to join a branch of the
Fenian Brotherhood.

The Attorney-General: And when you did so did
you intend to carry out the objects of that brother.
hood whatever they might be?
The Witness: I did. At first I did not know the
object of the society, and when I was told that the
object was to free Ireland by force alone I did not like
to back out; but I never thought that I was to be
sent to London on the errand I was. (A laugh.)

The Attorney• General : What did you consider the
errand to be?

Witness : To cause explosions.
By the Lord Chief Justice : When I first joined the
club I had not the slightest idea that such an object as
this was in view.

Thomas Foley, steward on board the Spain steam
vessel, proved that Norman was a passenger on board
that vessel in the voyage to which he had referred.
Several witnesses were then examined for the pur•
pose of corroborating the evidence of Norman with
regard to other matters alluded to by him in the evi•
deuce given by him.
John Dibble was then called, and proved that White-
head took the shop at 128, Ledsarn-street, Birming-
ham, ostensibly as a painter and paperhanger.
Mr. Canning, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Hodgkin, Mr.
Heath, and Mr. Harris wero also called to show that
between Feb. 6 and April 4 Whitehead had purchased
no leas than 1,7031 b of nitric acid, 3,3061 b of sulphuric
acid, and 4cwt 501 b of glycerine.
The trial was then adjourned.

On Tuesday the trial was resumed. The prisoners
appeared in the dock in two ranks, and, after being
seated, they showed that intense interest in the pro-
ceedings which they have manifested on previous
occasions. The Court was not inconveniently crowded
at any time, and most of the seats that were available
for the general public were occupied by ladies, whose
admission, mostly, was by ticket.

When the court opened, two or three witnesses tee.
tified to the dealings of Whitehead at Birmingham
with chemists, warehousemen, &c.

Evidence was then given showing that Thomas
Gallagher was a saloon Passenger on the steamship
Parthia, which left New York on March 14th, arriving
at Liverpool on March 26th, Ansburgh and Bernard
Gallagher were steerage passengers on the same vessel.
Aneburgh, who manifested considerable coolness,
elicited from one of the witnesses the fact that he
noticed no particular communication between Bernard
Gallagher and himself.

Further evidence showed that Thomas Gallagher
e.me to the Charing.cross Hotel, in London, on March
29th.

George Dickins, clerk at Euston-square Railway
Station, stated that on the 29th of March T. Gallagher
and Wilson came to the booking-office about ten
o'clock, and left two bags, a bundle, and a port-
manteau. Gallagher paid the booking fees. The
bags were taken away the next day, but he could not
say by whom, and on the following Saturday Wilson
called and took the portmanteau. Gallagher told him
to keep the portmanteau in the cool.—By Mr.
Wilson : To the best of witness's belief the port-
manteau weighed about 6'.lb. It was unusual for
persons to ask for their portmanteaus to be kept in the
cool.

Witnesses were next examined to prove the sending
of telegrams and the handwriting of Thomas
Gallagher.
Mr. Edward Crowe' proprietor of "Edwards'"
Hotel, Euston-square, London, stated that Norman
(Lynch) came to his house on the 22nd of. March,
and that two or three days afterwards T. Gallagher,
who gave the name of Fletcher, called at his house. He
called there on two or three occasions. On the 2nd of
April Norman told him he was going to Birmingham
and that he would have some heavr luggage, so the
" boots " had better meet him. He returned the
next morning, but without any luggage. Thomas
Gallagher called on the evening of the same day,
and finding Norman not in left 'a message that he
wished him to go to the theatre with him that night.
The witness delivered the message to Norman on his
return, and he went out for about an hour. During
his absence a telegram arrived for Norman from
"Fletcher," "Call at Charing-cross Hotel; ask for
me." On the 4th Norman paid his bill and said he
would not want his room any more. Winess believed
Fletcher csdled on the morning of that day before
Norman left, and it was on Ws return that he said he
would not want the room again. He, however, left
his portmanteau at the hotel.

George Glanville, clerk at the American Exchange,
Strand, stated that Gallagher registered there on the
Bth of November as "Dr. Thomas Gallagher." He
last saw the prisoner there on the 27. th of March, and
ascertained that he came to England in the Part hia.
To the beat of his belief Ansburgh came several times
to the Exchange in March.

By Mr. Clarke : The Exchange was very largely
used by Americans. The list of members and
Americans who registered their names was much
resorted to by Americans desiring to find their friends.
In reply to Ansburgh, the witness said he only
thought, and could not swear, that he recognized him
at the Exchange.
Mrs, Charlotte Matilda Clare deposed to letting a
a sitting-room at No. 17, Nelson-square, Blac.kfriars,
London, to the prisoner Wilson, who said that he had
come up to London to study for an examination. He
carried his luggage upstairs himself, observing, "Those
railway smashers smash everything." His portman-
teau MB so heavy that she could not lift it.
Two salesmen in the employ of Messrs. Cow, Hill,
and Co. Cheapside, London, deposed to the sale of
indiarubber bags on two occasions in the beginning of
April to a man whom they believed to be Wilson,
Other witnesses gave evidence as to the purchase of
fishing stockings by Dr. Thomas Gallagher about the
same period.
James Crowder, a lad employed by the prisoner
Whitehead in his shop at Birmingham, deposed that
no one but himself was employed on the premises,
except Whitehead. The stock in the shop consisted
usually of paint brushes and glass, but very few
articles were sold in the shop. About three weeks
after he entered the service of Whitehead he remem-
bered Thomas Gallagher coming to inquire for him.
He said that his name was Fletcher. After this he
remembered a man, whom he believed to be Wilson,
the prisoner, coming to the shop and saying that he
had come to fetch the oil that had been purchased by
Fletcher. The witness also proved that Norman also
came to the shop and inquired for Whitehead on two
occasionseand the last time he brought a box with
him which was taken into the back kitchen and filled
with something, and Norman then took it away in a
cab.

Mr. Avory, a trunkmaker at Birmingham, deposed
that on the 4th of April last he sold a large black box

to a man whom he afterwards recognised as the witness
Norman.

Richard Price, a sergeant in the Birmingham Police,
was then examined, and he deposed that from in.
formation he received as to what was going on at the
shop at Letharn-street, he watched the premises and
on the 2 ist of March he went in, dressed as a painter,
and asked Whitehead for a brush. He noticed that
his dress was burnt by some acid, and that he had
two suits of clothes on. He also noticed some
carboys in the shop. He made a report to the chief
constable, and on the night of the 2nd of April he
entered the shop by means of a skeleton key, and found
17 glycerine tins, some full and some empty, and one
carboy of acid in the shop. He also found a pair of
scales, such as are used for weighing acids, and the
clothes that were worn by Whitehead. There was a
furnace in the scullery, and several carboys containing
acids, and a vat containing some white ingredient that
was covered with water. No one occupied the upper
part of the house. On the following morning he went
again to the premises, and found that a portion of the
glycerine had been removed from the tins and that
work had been going on. He took samples of the dif.
ferent things that he found and gave them to Dr. Hill,
the city analyst, for analysis. On the sth of April wit-
ness, accompanied by the chief constable,went to White-
head's place and found him in the next house, where he
was living. He was taken into custody and brought
into the shop, and witness told the chief constable
that he was Mr. Whitehead, and he was then given
into custody. He was then asked how he accounted
for having the acids and the other articles in his pos-
session, and he said that before he answered he should
like to know who they were. Several constables were
present, and he was told that they were all officers.
The prisoner then said that he was not going to pay
for learning a profession and then let them know his
secrets. There was a cupboard in the room, and the
prisoner appeared very anxious to get to it, but was
prevented. Five bottles of sulphuric acid and oile
bottle of nitric acid were afterwards found in this cup.
board.

Inspector Black, of the Birmingham Police, corrobo-
rated the evidence of the last witness as to what took
place at the time the prisoner Whitehead was arrested.
Thomas Edwards, the " boots " at the "Midland'
Hotel, Birmingham, stated that on the• morning
previous to Whitehead's arrest, Wilson asked him to
fetch hi, portmanteau down from room 97, which he
had occupied. The portmanteau was placed on the
top of a hansom cab, in which the prisoner drove away
in the direction of Ledsam-street.

William Bowen, the driver of the cab in question
deposed to driving Wilson to 128, Ledsam•street on
the day mentioned by the last witness, and taking the
portmanteau into the shop.
Robert Lanchester deposed that on the 4th of April
he was called to 128, Leclearu•street, by Wilson. On
trying to lift the portmanteau to put it on the cab the
witness found it so heavy that he said to Wilson,
"Good God, man, have you got sovereigns in here ? "
(Laughter.) Wilson and he eventually put it on the
cab together.

By Wilson : I would not like to swear you are the
man whom I drove to Ledsam-atreet, but I believe you
to be the very man,

Other evidence was adduced to show that Wilson was
the man who was dealing with the portmanteau in the
way described. A railway porter, who tried to lift the
portmanteau, found that it was so heavy that he could
not do so, and he asked the prisoner if it contained
pig iron. Wilson went away from Birmingham at
half-past eleven o'clock in the morning, and Norman
came to the station on the same day and went by the
London train at six o'clock in the evening.
In the course of further evidence, Inspector
Lan grish deposed to the arrest of Norman and Bernard
Gallagher, and Inspector Littlechild gave an account
of the apprehension of Dr. Gallagher and Wilson, at,
a house in Nelson•square, London, and his list of the
articles and money found in their possmion. The
inspector was under examination when the Court ad.
journed.

The trial was again resumed on Wednesday morn-
ing, when the examination of Inspector Littlechild
was continued by Mr. Poland. The witness produced
some bank-notes and the letter of credit found on
Thomas Gallagher. There were found in the pri-
soner's room a map of Birmingham and a map of
London. In a passage leading to the court at Bow-
street the witness saw Curtin recognize and shake hands
with Whitehead. At Savage's Hutel, Blackfriars, on
the 7th of April, the witness arrested Ansburgh and took
him to Scotland•yard. When asked to give an accountof
himself Ansburgh said, "Why should I give any ex-
planation of what I am doing in this country ? " He
was then told that anything that might happen to
him would then 1)e hi own fault. He was shown a
photograph of Dr. Gallagher, but stated that Gal-
lagher was not known to him. The name Wilson in
the pocket-book found at Whitehead's premises in
Birmingham was in Wilson's handwriting.
By Mr. Clarke : The alteration in Dr, Gallagher's ap-
pearance had taken place since he had been in custody.
By Mr. Rowlands : So far as regards his doings in
England, the account given by Curtin was correct.
The shaking of hands with Whitehead occurred after
their examination in the court. The witness did not
hear the words, " Well, we are in a mess together,
and we may as well shake hands."

The prisoner Ansburgh : When you first saw me in
the soffee.room and brought me into the ball, did you
not say, "I am sorry to see a young fellow like you in
such a mess as this ? "—No; I said nothing but that
we were police officers.
In the course of further evidence, Dennis Kill.
feather, of Glasgow, said that he had known Dr.
Gallagher for about twenty years. About thirteen or
sixteen years ago he went to America. He had since
seen Gallagher in Glasgow, and he said that he had
returned to see his friends, The witness also knew
Curtin, and obtained employment for him in a Clyde
shipbuilding yard. He was not in work after the 17th
of March, but stayed with the witness until the 4th of
April. Bernard Gallagher had met Curtin at his (the
witness's) house. They did not know each other, but
he introduced them.

Numerous other witnesses were examined, including
Colonel Majendie, Chief Inspector of Explosive Sub-
stances, and Dr. DuproS, who gave evidence as to the
nature of the explosives seized by the police. This
brought the case for the prosecution to a close.
Mr. Clarke then submitted that, with respect to the
second and third counts of the indictment, there was
no evidence to support the charge. There was no
proof that the accused whom he represented had levied
war against the Q iesn, with intent to put force or
constraint upon her, or to compel her to change her
counsels; there was no intent to levy war, or to over-
awe the House of Parliament.

After some discussion, the Lord Chief Justice, in
the course of some observations, said he was of opinion
that there was nothing in the point which had been
very ingeniously put before them by Mr. Clarke.
Mr. Clarke presumed that their Lordships would
not expect him to address the jury that evening.
The Lord Chief Justice: Oh, no.
Mr. Rowlands (for Mr. Mattinson) submitted there
was no evidence against Bernard Gallagher, except
the statement that he had made. The only connec-
tion between him and Dr. G3llagher was the receipt
by him of £4, which, being sent by his br3ther, was
surely not a matter to be pressed against him. He
did not belong to any of the Fenian schools, and there
was nothing in fact, to sustain a case before the Jury.
The Attorney-General said be was very anxious
about Bernard Gallagher, but it must not be forgotten
that in his stateruernt there was no phrases which
showed the purpose for which he left America. He
said that he had to tell Curtin to go to London, and
why was that? It was for their Lordships to say
whether there was sufficient evidence to carry his case
to the jury.

The Lord Chief Justice said they would announce
their deciision in the morning.

Mr. Clarke informed the court that there were cer-
tain certificates from America as to the character of
Thos. Gallagher which could not be read, so he would
hand them to the officers of the court.

Ansburgh asked if there was any evidence against
him. He came to London to get a living, and dropped
across,. Dr. Gallagher.
The ',Lord Chief Justice said that be could state
these matters when his case was before the jury. They
walla consider the evidence, however, and let him
know in the morning. "You must be ready, Mr.
Ansburgh," added his Lordship, "to go on in pasts we
decide against you."
The Court then adjourned.