The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1855-08-28 00:00:00

THE TCHERNAYA.

The Times' correspondent, -writing from the allied
camp on the Tchernaya on the 11th August, says :

The allied army occupying the Tchernaya line has gradually
changed its character and become, from an offensive, a defen-
sive army. Intrenchments have been thrown up on the most
exposed points, roads made, and models of huts tried for the
winter,—all of which circumstances clearly indicate this
change, while the continual reports of spies and deserters all
agree in attributing to the Russians aggressive intentions
against the allied army on the Tchernaya line. Scarcely has
the last report of a meditated attack by the Russians died
away when it is again revived. They are said to be only ex-
pecting reinforcements, which most of the deserters call the
militia, evidently meaning troops from the military colonies
with which Russia abounds. Already, some time ago, a list of
volunteers was opened for the passage of the Tchernaya, but it
seems not to have met with great favour in the eyes of the
troops. One of the deserters says that in his regiment, which
was the most enthusiastic, only 320 men offered themselves
in other regiments even fewer, so that on the whole the num-
ber of volunteers did not amount to more than 10,000 men.
This number would not be very formidable, but, of course,
they will be, in case of an attack, supported by those who have
not volunteered.

The Sardinians are hard at work. They are still continuing
to fortify their position on the river, which is certainly a rather
exposed one, being just on the hills between the two points
where the Russians should cross the river. They have, be-
sides, lately begun to make roads through their camp, both at
Samara and on the Marine heights. But road-making is not
the only symptom of thoughts about the winter. Lately Gen.
Della Marmora bas given orders to construct several models of
underground huts, in order to see which will answer best. If
well made, such huts are, I think, the least expensive and best
shelter for winter, provided that there are men enough to dig.
The Sardinians, having no trench work, are able to spare men
for this purpose, which, moreover, has the advantage of giving
the men some occupation. But, notwithstanding these various
occupations, to which, moreover, gabion-making must be added,
I am sorry to say sickness is still continuing, as it were, in fits,
increasing and decreasing without any apparent reason. There
are at present about 700 men in hospital. Part of them are
still in tents, but numbers of huts are constructing on the
Marine heights, intended for hospitals. Nothing more is
heard about the concentration of Russian troops about Eupa-
toria; it seems to have been one of the usual imaginary con-
centrations which have kept Eupatoria so often in alarm during
the winter. The order, however, has gone to make a recon-
naissance.

SEA OF AZOFF.-LOSS OF THE JASPER

GUN-BOAT.

Information has been received at the Admiralty of the loss
of Her Majesty's screw gunboat Jasper, on the.2sth of July,
in the Sea of Azoff. No lives were lost. She was last em-
ployed off Taganrog. The Russians make out a consequential
relation between her loss and a shot from one of her guns,
which a few hours before struck the wall of a minster where
the faithful were engaged in holy offices. As the boat was on
her way to rejoin the squadron, she ran aground about 100
yards from the shore. One of those sudden falls to which
inland seas are liable upon a change of wind, soon
left her more and more aground, and she settled firmly
in the sand. In this situation she was exposed to a fire of
musketry from a party of Cossacks of the Don, who had been
attracted to the scene. The crew, finding it impossible to
save the vessel, left her, whereupon the Cossacks approached
and set the wreck on fire. The Hetman of these Cossacks
produces a flag, which he affirms was taken from the Jasper.
A letter received at Marseilles, reports that by the capture of
the English gun-boat, Jasper, the Russians have possessed
themseves of the complete code of signals between the Eng-
lish and French, and have already shown that they can use
them.

BOMBARDMENT OF SWEABORG.

RUSSIAN ACCOUNT.

A supplement of the Invalide Ruese of the 12th of Au-
gust publishes thecontinuation of the telegraphic account of
the bombardment of Sweaborg :
July 29 (Aug. 10), 2 10 p.m.—The fire of the enemy was
renewed with double intensity after 9 a.m. Up to noon their
fire was directed chiefly against the works on West Swartoe,
and the Nicholas battery on the island of Ra.ntan, but with-
out success; their cannonade was then again turned against
the fortress.

According to an approximate calculation about 3000 shots
were fired yesterday against Sandhamn Island; the firing
consisted chiefly in broasides or rolling fire.
To-day about 4800 shells were thrown into West Swartoe
and the Nicholas battery, which, to judge from their explosion,
were all of the weight of seven pouds.
7 6 p.m.—The cannonade of the enemy is weaker.
10 17 p.m.—The bombardment to-day has positively done
no damage, either to the fortifications or to the batteries or
guns. In these two days the conflagration destroyed some
buildings on the island of Stura-Ester-Swartoe.

TELEGRAPHIC REPORTS,
The Moniteur of Wednesday says that the Minister of War
has received the following despatch from General Pelissier:—
CRIMEI, Aro. 19, P.M.
It was necessary to continue the armistice demandedyester,.
day by the Russians from 5 a.m. to 2 p.m. to-day, for them to
carry away their dead.
The nearest return we could make gives the following re-
sults :—Russians buried by the French, 2,129; by theßussians.
I,2oo—total 3,329.
The Moniteur adds these words :
The artillery has again opened fire against Sebastopol.
An error in a despatch led to the belief that another bom.
bardment had commenced.
That is not the case.
This fire is that of our guns. which, as has been sec?,. has
powerfully contributed, since its recommencement, to facilitate

the works of the approaches directed against the ensemble of
the Malakhoff works. -
The Moniteur makes the following observations upon Gen.
Pelissier's despatch, giving the number of Russians killed on
the 16th of August at 3,329 :
" The losses of the Russians on the 16th were, therefore,
much more considerable than the first despatches of General
Pelissier had led us to suppose. They assume a proportion
rarely exceeded in regular battles, yet we should not be sur-
prised, to judge from the news from St. Petersburg, if the
Russians should simply call the affair of the 16th a reconnais-
sance. The number of troops engaged, the materials brought
into the field by the Russians, their efforts to take again a position
which General Liprandi bad occupied during the whole winter,
prove the importance they attached to being victorious."
VIENNA, Tuesday.
The Oesterreichische Correspondenz publishes news from
Constantinople of the 13th and 16th instant.

Omar Pasha had been invested with the order and insignia
of the Bath.

He was still at Constantinople.

lavices from Trebizonde of the 7th of August state that
the postal communications between Kars and Erzeroum are
interrupted.
The Russians had advanced as far as Kapricio, on the road
to Erzeroum.

Ten thousand Bashi•Bazooka had arrived at Erzeronm.

AMERICA.

ARRIVAL OF THE ASIA.

By the British and North American royal mail steam-ship
Asia, Captain Lott, which arrived at 8 p.m. on Saturday, we
have intelligence from Boston to the 15th, and by electric
telegraph from New York to the 16th ult. The Asia brought
182 passengers and $825,179 in specie. Early on the 16th she
passed the America going in to Boston, and exchanged signals
with the ship Troy, of Bristol, bound east. On the 21st ex-
changed signals with the ship Trinidad, also eastward bound,
and on the 24th passed a barque bound east, showing third
distinguishing penant No. 932. On Saturday afternoon, at
3 45, passed the U.S. mail steamer Atlantic, hence for New
York.

The steam-ship Empire City had arrived at New York, with
$904,480 worth of California gold dust. The John L. Stephens
had sailed from San Francisco with upwards of one million in
specie on freight.
Five men had been drowned in Niagara Falls. They were
rowing a boat, when one of the oars snapped, leaving them
helpless. The boat was carried down the stream into the
whirlpool and broken to pieces.

Intelligence had been received of the loss of the ship Gri-
minesia on a reef west of New Caledonia. She had on board
650 coolies from China, and a crew of 50 men, all of whom
perished, except seven, who were saved in a boat.
The state elections were proceeding, but the result was not
known. In some places the Know-nothings triumphed, and
in other places the Democrats. Neither, so far, claims any
decided advantage.
The crops were all in, and a controversy prevailed as to the
prices this year. The Herald says:—" The public mind, in
view of a large crop, is a little anxious to ascertain how to de-
termine its real value, and it looks with a vast deal of sus-
picion upon the speculators, and, indeed, upon all counsel on
the subject. Now, it occurs to us that there is no earthly
difficulty in settling upon general principles to guide us. We
have no idea that the famine prices of last year can be main-
tained. There is not warrant for such a conclusion to be
found, either in the abundance of our own supplies or in the
condition of things on the other side of the water."
Yellow fever prevailed extensively in Virginia, and a case
had occurred in Washington.
Debar, who murdered the Mecher family, was lynched at
Milwauki, Wisconsin.
The Massachusetts Know-nothings had held a State Coun-
cil, and had virtually abandoned their organisation—at least
they had discarded the principles upon which the order in that
State was originally based.

The slave question continued as violent as ever, and Vir-
ginia was arming.

- The Emigration Commissioners of New York, in order to
prevent the frauds practised on emigrants newly arrived, by
the lodging-house keepers, agents, runners, &c., the principal
portion of whom are Irishmen, have established a depot at the
Battery, Castle-gardens, where large concerts have usually
been held. The consequence has been, that all the parties
affected by this arrangement have held a large meeting in
New York, protesting against the proceedings of the com-
missioners, on the ground that many thousands of people will
be deprived of their daily bread. It is quite evident that the
Irish have improved on the impudence of the Yankees.
The news from Mexico intimates the speedy downfal of
Santa Anna. The revolutionists were stated to be within
four leagues of Vera Cruz. The conducta from the city of
Mexico, with a convoy of government troops, had stopped at
Puerto National, with a view of giving battle to the revolu-
tionists. It was rumoured at the latest moment that the con-
ducta which left Mexico on the 18th of July, for Vera Cruz,
with $1,500,000, had been taken by the revolutionists. In the
engagement which ensued fifty of the government troops were
killed, and of the remainder 300 had gone over to Alvarez.
The Delta has private letters from Mexico, which state that
arrests were being made daily in the city of Mexico— as many
as sixty having been arrested on one day. Among the prisoners
were two Americans. A great conspiracy is said to have been
discovered by the police, while searching for criminals, in a
convent which had been subjected to inquisition, and several
priests were arrested. Guanajuata, it was rumoured, was in
the hands of the revolutionists. General Blanco had gone out
to fight Comonfert, the revolutionary leader.
A consular and commercial treaty has been celebrated be-
tween Great Britain and Chili. The internal condition of
Peru is reported as being highly unfavourable. It is said
that Paraguay has not only opened her internal rivers to the
Brazilian flag, but to the flags of all- foreign nations..
The first constituent assembly of the newly-erected state of
Panama met on the 15th of July, and elected Francisco
Fabrega as president, and Blas Arosemena as vice-president.
It has been ascertained that there is no difference between
the elevation of the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans, conse-
quently, there will be no difficulty in constructing a canal, if
the other impediments are overcome. The American papers
remark that it is singular that a similar idea in ancient
times prevented Corinth being connected with the Pelopon-
nesus.

Advices from Havana, to the Bth, mention that all Creoles
who had become citizens of the United States, had received
notice to quit the island.
Accounts from Porto Rico, received in Havana, reported
the deaths of 15,000 (?) persons from yellow fever.