The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1879-08-23 00:00:00

EPITOME OF NEWS.

BRITISH AND FOREIGN.

Sums amounting to £1,500 have been paid into the
London Hospital Sunday Fund since its distribution, bring-
ing the total up to nearly £26,600.
- - - - -

A Marseilles despatch says that the whole of the
crew of the ship Maria, Captain Amedien, died from yellow
fever at Port-au-Prince.

A telegram dated Rome, August 18, says :—During
the last three days the state ot General Garibaldi's health
has become worse.

The Society for the Propagation of the Goopel hi
Foreign Parts has recently received, in new subscriptions,
donations, and legacies, the sum of £11,053 4s. 10d.

The Cologne Gazette reports from Kettwig that a
woman there has just bad five children, four boys and one
girl at a birth. They only lived a few hours. Though very
small, they were well formed. The mother Is recovering
rapidly.
"When Sharply met Blount that morning B. looked
pale. Sharply said, ' What's the matter ? ' Blount said,
' Just a passing pain I' Sharply said. 'Parson Paine, I don't
know his reverence!' Sharply and Blount have not been on
speaking terms zince."—Judy. _

The Gardener's Magazine says that Mr. G. Gud-
geon, of Btowmaiket, Sudolk, last week gathered a straw-
berry from his beds measuring 10i inches in circumference
and weighiug 2 ozs.
- - -

- - -
The Registrar• General reports that the widow of a
lighterman died on the 14th lust., at 21, Fofs-buildiugs,
Southwark, from "senile decay," whose age was stated to
be 100 years.

During July 12,710 immigrants landed at New
York, compared with 8,689 in July, 1878. During the year
ending July, 103,245 immigrants landed, against 74,139 in
the previous year.

A fourth body of colliers with their families left
Barnsley on Tuesday night for New Zealand.
Considerable damage was done in all parts of the
country by the heavy storm of rain on Sunday.
From the agricultural returns just published it seems
that there is in Great Britain a decrease of land under wheat
cultivation this year to the extent of 102 per cent, oats 1 6,
and hops 5 7, while there is an increase of land under barley
of 8 per cent., and potatoes 64. Cattle has increased 2.1 per
cent., and sheep have decreased 0•9 and pigs 16 8 per cent.
The caravan which every year after the Ramazau
leaves Damascus for Mecca is composed this year only of
from 6,000 to 5,000 men. It is always accompanied by
Turkish troops for the maintenance of order. This year,
however, as some revolted tribes of Northern Arabia have
occupied the route to Medina and Mecca, the caravan is
accoknpanied by two battaliGns, with a number of cannon.

The licenses issued from the Public Carriage Office
in London during the year were-4,014 for four-wheeled
hackney carriages; 4,877 for two-wheeled hackney carriages;
1,656 for stage carriages ; being an increase on those issued
in 1877 of 438: 11,123 licenses were issued for hackney car-
riage drivers; 3,005 for stage drivers ; 3,783 for conductors;
an increase of 1877 of 626. 621 hansom cabs, 250 clarence
cabs, and 104 metropolitan stage carriages, new and im-
proved, have been put on the streets during the year; of
tinge the tramway cUmpanies supplied 26 cars.

At the London Coal Market on Monday the supply
was moderate and prices advanced 6d, per ton.
-

The number of statutes passed in the recent session
was; Public, 78; local, 225; private, 8. In the previous
session there were 79 public, 238 local, and 7 private
The marriage in a Biscayan village of a man of 95
with a woman who has attained the age of 98 years is
announced.

Notice has been given at several of the cotton mills
In Stalybridge of a reduction of 6 per cent.

Fontenary-le•Comte (Vendee) has lost its cente-
narian, Louis Philomene Lucas, who had completed his
1091 h year, and was digging in his garden last month.

A young Parsee artist, whose!original study of the
head of a Goseln took a prize at the late Bombay Art Ex-
hibition, has carried off the silver medal at the Madras Art
Exhibition.

The Indian corn crop in Bulgaria has suffered from
drought fully as much as that in Roumania, where it is
almost a total failure.

A fatal accident happened at the graving dock at
Barrow-in-Furness on Menday. William Haney, boiler-
maker, was engaged in doing repairs to the steamship South
Tyne, when he missed his footing and fell to the bottom of
the dock. His death was instantaneous. He leaves a wife
and sevdn children.

Sir Arthur Hayter haft moved for returnn—per regi-
ment, troop,and battery—of the numbers killed, or dead, or
invalided in the various forces engaged in the Afghan, and
In the Zdu and Transkei wars. The Government has as-
sented t, the production of these returns, which will be
laid before Parliament next session.

The Duchess of Connaught has granted permission
to the 2nd battalion of the 12th Regiment to assume the
title of Duchess of Connaught's Own, in commemoration of
that corps having been the first to be presented with new
colours by her Royal Highness since her alliance with the
British Royal family.

The United Servize Gazette says :—" The Queen has
been pleased to grant the medal for distinguished conduct in
the field to Corporal Francis Attwood, Commissariat and
Transport Department, in recognition of the gallant services
rendered by him at Rorke's Drift, on January 22 and 23,
1879. The medal carries a gratuity of ZS with it."

It is stated that Lord Chelmsford, on his arrival in
England, will pay a special visit to the Queen to receive the
personal thanks and congratulations of Her Majesty, who
expresses herself highly sensible of his services, and is ex-
pected to confer upon him some further mark of her Royal
approval.

A Tine e telegram from Geneva says that a water-
spout burst over the Pays de Gex on Friday in last week,
causing the Tersoix to overflow its banks awl carry all be-
fore it. Damage was done to buildings in D;voune to the
extent ot 100,000 f. and several lives are reported to have
been lost.

The London Gazette of Friday 'rust (15th) contains an
Order in Council under the Weights and Measures Act:
1878, approving the denominations of standards of apothe-
caries' weight and measure, set forth in an annexed schedule,
and directing that the same shall be Board of Trade
standards.

Tha carrier pigeon that flew from ColurribnP, Ohio,
to New York in twenty-nice and three-quarter hours made
excellent time. The distance by rail is given at 624 miles,
so that a train running continuously at the rate of twenty
miles an hour would have been beaten by the pigeon
by nearly two hours. The distance "as the crow files" (and
presumably the pigeon) is about five hundred milts.

Dorking has just lost its oldest inhabitant. This
was Ann Melton, and she Is said to have reached the
venerable age of 101. She was, it seems, remarkably active,
attending to her household duties to the last. She leaves
font* "children," seed respectively 70, 68, 65, and 65, and
could boast of having 22 great and 20 grandchildren.
A West Sussex Correspondent writes to the Mark
Lane Express to say that the ted maggot has again made Its
appearance in the wheat ears where they are at the same
stage ol development they were last year when attacked—
that Is, when the bloom was falling.

The season for shooting black cock and grey hen
commenced on Tuesday. There are a few broods of this
heather game in lierkshire, but their native locality is Scot-
and, and this class of game is scarce in England.

A large supply of live stock and fresh meat arrived
at Liverpool during the past week from the United States
and Canada. The details are as follows :—Auriatic s
620 qrs. beef, 225 carcases mutton; Wisconsin, 688 qrs.
beef, 230 carcases mutton; Helvetia, as., 142 live cattle,
558 qrs. beef; Palestine, as., 227 qrs beef, 233 live cattle,
875 live cheep; Bulgarian, s.s.. 676 qrs. beef, 400 live
cattle, 891 live sheep: Pembroke, as., 266 live cattle, 723
live cheep; Indiana, s.s., 888 qrs. beef, 164 carcases
mutton; City of Berlin, s s., 1,260 qrs. beef, 200 carcases
mutton. Totals, 4,918 qrs. beef, 594 carcases mutton, 1,041
live cattle, and 1,989 live sheep.
The results of the harvest in Germany will, on the
whole, says the Frankfort Gazette, be very satisfactory.
In South Germany the rye, barley, and the greater part of
the wheat crops have been harvested under favourable cir-
cumstances. In a few districts only the crops have been
somewhat damaged by heavy storms, sometimes accom-
panied with hail; but the injury done has not been great or
widely extended.

Information has been received from the Pyrenees
that in searehing the ancient sites of Pnocrean and Mont-
clan settlements Dr. Phene has found a bronze head of the
goddess Isis, of rude but expressive workmanship, The
horns of the cow are well formed, and surmounting them
is the crescent moon; the ears of the cow are pendent and
distinct, and with the exception of the face, which la benign-
ant and of human form, the portion of the body exhibited
is clothed in the skin of the cow. It appears to have been
made for elevation on a staff or standard. Some rude ob-
jects found with it indicate a very early date.

While some artillerymen were engaged in emptying;
old bombshells at Belfort the other day, one of the pro-
jectiles burst A soldier was killed on the spot and five
others seriously wounded, one of whom has since died, and
the lives of the others are despaired of. The accident might
have caused a frightful catastrophe, for the door of the
powder magazine was wide open at the moment. Toe
danger was averted by an artilleryman, who extinguished
the canvas covering of a powder barrel which had caught
fire.

Abstracts of the agricultural statistics of Ireland for
the present year state that the total acreage of cereal crops
this year is 1,761,800 as against 1,831,521 acres in 1878; and
the total acreage of green crops 1,294 636, as against
1,317,863 acres. The returns of live stock for 1879, compared
with 1878, show an increase in the number of horses and
mules of 9,916, asses of 230, cattle of 81,974, and poultry of
75,805, and a decrease in sheep of 77,245, in pigs of 197,409,
and in goats of 1,172.

A navigable canal uniting the bead of Delaware
Bay with that of Chesapeake Bay is proposed, In order to
obviate the necessity for vessels going from New York, or
Europe, to Baltimore to make the long detour round Cape
Charles and up and down Chesapeake Bay. The canal will
be 17 miles long, 100 ft. wide, and 24f1. deep. Its cost is
estimated at £1,000,000. The construction of this channel
will reduce the distance by sea between Baltimore and New
York or London by 225 mites.

The number of articles left in cabs and deposited in
the last year in the lost property office in London was 16,564,
of the estimated value of £18,299, of which property to the
amount of £13,240 was claimed and restored to the owners,
and the remainder restored to drivers and conductors. Übe
number of articles restored has increased from 1,912 in 1869
to 16,564 in 1878.

An American paper has the following :—"Scraping
hogs by machinery is one of the nearly perfect devices in
the packing houses in Chicago, the invention of three in-
genious employees of Armour and Co., Messrs. Kincaid,
Bouchard and Burness. As the scalded hogs pass over the
revolving flukes they are scraped clean at the rate of ten
hogs per minute, as we lately witnessed in company with
some prominent agricultural gentlemen from the South who
had come here to see the commercial emporium tithe West,
and the greatest live stock, grain and lumber mart of the
world."

The number of candidates for the Wesleyan
ministry has been so large for the last two or three years
past that the accommodation for students at the theological
colleges has been quite inadequate. Of the 100 candluates
accepted by the late conference it is not probable that one
will be admitted to college for a year, all the vacancies being
liLed.

An exciting chase took place on Monday evening at
Warrington after two elephants, belonging to Myers's
American Circus, which arrived in the town in the morning.
The elephants were frightened by a dog barking at them,
and ran out of the field, where their tent is pitched, into the
street. A crowd of people immediately gave chase, shout-
ing at them, which still further eicited the elephants, caus-
ing them to rush through most of the principal streets. In
the market place they knocked down two men, who, how-
ever, were not much hurt. The animals were ultimately
captured but not before the keeper had been crushed against
the wall and seriously hurt.
American advicee state that the quantity of wheat
shipped for Europe during the past week was 3,110,400
centals, which is the largett quantity on record. Of this
1,670,400 centals were for Great Britain, and the remainder
for the Continent. Of Indian corn, £78,400 centals were
shipped for Great Britain and 120,000 for the Continent.
The visible supplies at the depots and in transit through the
American Union are advised as 9,120,000 centals wheat and
6.394,000 Indian corn. _ . . -

Mr. Mundella, M.P.' delivered his annual address
to the electors of Sheffield on Monday eight. In reviewing
the work of the session, he said that it was the longest, the
moat wearisome, and the dreariest he had known. The Go-
vernment brought out a programme of fifteen measures, but
only four of them bad been passed. Ile severely criticised
both the financial and the foreign policy of the Government,
and spoke of the Conservative party as united only when
they were resisting all progress. In conclusion, he said that
whenever a dissolution came, he should appeal with perfect
confidence to his constituents. A vote of confidence in Mr.
Mundelia was passed.

On Monday morning experiments of a novel
character were commencel at Aldershot in the shape of
ascertaining the time a battery of artillery could get into a
train and out of it. The experiments were commenced by
C Battery, A Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery, numbering
about 80 men, 90 horses, and six guns. Several staff and
other officers were present. The time of embarkation was
forty minute?.

The Rev. E. Husband, incumbent of St. Michael's,
Folkeatone. has received the following letter from Chicle-
hurst, in answer to a letter of condolence sent to the Em-
press shortly after the death of the late Prince Imperial,
which was signed by almost every member of a crowded con-
gregation at St. Michael's at the close of a special sermon
delivered by the incumbent upon the subject of the Prince's
death:—" Camden Place, Chislehurst, July, 1877.—Sir,—
Her Majesty the Empress, greatly touched by the sentiments
that you and your congregation have expressed towards her
in her great grief, directs me to be her interpreter towards
you, and to transmit to you her thanks. It you will kindly
send me a copy of the sermon you preached on the death of
his Imperial Highness the Prince Imperial, I will hasten to
place it before the eyes of her Majesty the Empress.—Accept
the assurance of my sentiments of esteem. The Grand Cham-
berlain, BASSANO:

Dr. Aancock's return of the "Judicial and Criminal
Statistics of Ireland for 1878," just published, shows that the
number of indictable offences not disposed of summarily
during the year was 6,959, being an increase of 631 as com-
pared with 1877. In offences disposed of summarily there
was an Increase of about 2
.000 cases, the number last year
being 280,268 There was a reduction of over 3,000, or about
8 per cent., in the number of "punishable cases of drunken-
ness." The pre-eminence of the large towns and cities in the
proportion of crime continues. Although Dublin contains
only one-sixteenth of the entire population of Ireland, more
than one-half of the entire of the serious crimes perpetrated
last year were committed in Dublin. There is an increase in
the number of ejectinents, there having been 5,842 in 1877 to
7,510 in 1878.

"This Is a year of disappointments. When, after
wet weather without a paraliel for its duration, a brief
period of comparatively flue weather sets in, and the farmers
begin to look a little less despondently upon the situation, a
storm of tremendous severity occurs, and dashes their hopes
to the ground. A fortnight since a thunder and rain storm
Must over the whole country, swelled the rivers, flooded the
lowlands, washed away crops, and committed terrible devas-
tation. It is now evident that the storm of Saturday night
and Sunday morning has beea equally disastrous, if, indeed,
It has not surpassed its predecessons in its wide-spread ruin.
The West of England experienced its greatest violence. There
the rain fell for thirty hours without Intermission: bridges
were swept away, miles of railways washed up, great tracts
of country flooded, and the crops absolutely destroyed.'._..
Evening Standard.

"We have to record the death of Sir Thomas Mon-
cadre, of Aioncrieffe, which occurred on Saturday, after a
short illness, at his residence, Monereiffe House, near Bridge
of Earn, Perthshire, in the 58th year of his age. The eldtst
son of the late Sir David Moncrtiffe, of Moncreiffe, by his
marriage with Helen, second daughter of Mr. Antes
Mackay, of Scotstown (afterwards wife of George Auettatus,
second Earl of Bradford), he was born in January, 1822, and
succeeded as seventh baronet on the death of his father in
November, 1830. He was educated at Barrow. and was
formerly a lieutenant in the Grenadier Guards. He was also
Vice-Lieutenant of the county of verth, Honorary Colonel of
the Royal Perth Rifles, and President of tne Perthshire Con-
servative Association. The late baronet married in 1843
Lady Louisa Hay, eldest daughter of Thomas Robert, tenth
Earl of Kinnoull, by whom he has left a numerous family.
His eldest surviving son, Robert Drummond, who nowanc-
ceeds as eighth baronet, was born in 1655. Of his d h t
iger 54
one is Duchess of Athole and another is Countess of Dudley.
—From " Obituary " i.O Monday's Times.

Weiß9ll

.

There was a Bow of two streams of lava from Mount
Vesuvius to the base of the cone on Friday in last week.
No irruption, however, took place on Saturday.
Six 29-ton Arrustrong guns, destined for the new
batteries at Tangiers, were being disembarked at Gibraltar
on Saturday.

An Exhibition of Works of Industry has been
opened in the Palais de l'lndrustrie in the Champs ElysOes
of Paris.
On Saturday morning a boy, twelve years of age,
named George Charles Cannaway, was drowned of South.
sea beach while bathing.

Icelanders are emigrating to the United states,
where a detachment of some 464 recently arrived at New
York on their way to Minnesota, where they intend to found
a colony. _ . _ _

The Agent General for New South Wales has been
Informed by telegram of the arrival in Sydney of the ship
Northbrook, which sailed from Plymouth with emigrants
in Iday.
A clock in the style of Louis XV. was recently sold
at the Chateau of Menars, near Blois. It was ticketed:
"This is the clock which sounded the hour of the First
Revolution." It would be interesting to know what par-
ticular hour out of the twenty-four that was.—Graphic.
The New York papers state that a swimming match
has been arranged between Captain Webb and Captain
Boyton. CaptaiL Eton is to use his suit and paddle, while
Captain Webb will swim without any artificial aid and with.
out clothing. The distance agreed upon is twenty miles,
and Saratoga Lake is mentioned as the place where the
match will probably be decided.

There were 25 British and foreign wrecks reported
during the past week, making a total of 1,025 for the past
year, or an increase of 118 as compared with the correspond-
ing period of last year. The approximate value of property
lost was £450,000, including British £360,000.

The Alkn Royal Mail ateamer Sardinian, which
arrived at Liverpool on Sunday evening, is reported to have
made the "fastest passage on record," the actual time
occupied in the run from Quebec being eight days seven
hours and thLrty minutes. Tne two previous voyages of the
same steamer were accomplished with remarkable oelerity,
and until this hat performance of the veasel it was claimed
for them that they well) the quickest on record.

Mr. G. C. Carew Gibgon, of Sandgate Pnlborough,
Sussex, purchased at Lord Waltingham's Merton Home
Farm, on Saturday, for 200 guineas, the shearling South-
down ram Leeds, which was awarded the second prize at
the Royal Agricultural Society's meeting at Kilburn and
first prize at the Yorkshire Exhibition at Leeds.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer acknowledges in
The Times under the head of "Conscience Money," the re-
ceipt of a bank-note for £lOO, sent anonymously, for " undeN
estimated Income-tax."

" The total wool clip of the world last year was
about 1,498,500,0001 b. This, when scoured, would yield
about 852,000,000 th. clean wool. The clip for 1878 was
smaller than for 1877 by 10,000,0001b."—Wool Trade Review.

There were 2,702 births airi 1,349 deaths registered
in London last week Allowing for increase of population,
the births exceeded by 263, whereas the deaths were 233
below the average numbers in the corresponding week of
the last ten sears. The annual death-rate from all causes,
whith bed been equal to 194 and 176 per 1,000 in the two
preceding weeks, rose again to 194.

Hie Excellency, Phya Ehaskarawongse, Envoy
Extraordinary of his Majesty the King of iam, visited
Oxford on Monday, and was conducted over the Bodleian
Library and the Clarendon Press, where he inspected the
Sanscrit writings under the direction of the officials, to
whom be tendered his thanks. He was accompanied by Dr.
Lempriere, St. John's College, over most of the colleges, and
was entertained, with his suite, ut Si. John's. In the
afternoon he visited Blenheim.

"The power looms of the world produce annually
ten thousand million yards of cotton cloth. The average
consumption of China is said to. he twenty yards for each
person; of England It is nearly thlr y yards; and of America
it is forty yards. Even at tbe C't use average, the cotton
machinery of the world would have to be greatly more than
double before a full supply of power-loom cloth could be
gtven."—The Wool Track Review.
The St. Petersburg newepaper Rooskaya Pravda,
gives the following statisti,s respecting the emigration of
Russians and Poles to America frcm the year 1820 till 1877:
Daring the first 40 years of that period the total numbei
was 3,000 ; during the succeeding decade. 5,400 ; in 1871,
1,800; in 1872, 1,500; in 1873, 1,000 ; in 1874, 700; in 1875,
SO ; in 1876, none; and in 1877, 45.
Herr Isaac Lilienfield, s member of the Jewish
community at Gotha, expressed a wish in his will that his
body should be burnt after death. His last wishes were
scrupulously fulfilled, and the cremation was effected on the
14th ot last month, in the presence of a large number of
persons of various religious denominations. Jewish
Chronicle.

The Peruvian Government is instituting a system
of torpedo defence, which is expected to have some in-
fluence on the roovemenP• • of the belligerent fleets daring
the present war betweer hill and Peru. It is stated that
a sum of half a million dollars has been paid to Colonel Bey,
of the United States army, for a new invention just perfected
by him, the details of which are, of course, kept secret.

- -
Intelligence has been received at New York of the
arrival of the Polar exploring vessel Jeannette, at Onaleek,
on the 2ad inst. According to the report of the captain of
the United States revenue vessel Richard Rush, that vessel
passed through Behring's Straits within seventy-five miles
of East Cape, when the sea to the northward of that point
was clear of ice Last winter had, he states, been unusually
warm, and the ice broke up earlier than ordinarily.
Sir Charles Dilke, Af.P., and Mr. Firth, his Liberal
colleague in the candidature for the representation of Chel-
sea, addressed a great meeting on Tuesday night in the
Vestry HalL Sir C. Dilke criticised the foreign policy of the
Government, and in reviewing the events of the Session re-
marked that almost all legislation had been put aside for
the sake of the military code, which had been rightly ob-
structed through the determination of the Ministers to
retain the punishment of flogging.

It ia stated that the eldest son of the Prince of Wales
—Prince Albert Victor—will enter the Royal Military
Academy at Woolwich next term as a Queen's cadet. The
young Prince will, it is added, pursue his military studies
under pretty much the same circumstances as the late Prince
Imperial and Prince Arthur (Duke ot Connaught), the latter
having been consulted upon the subject. His younger
brother, Prince George, will, in all probability, be educated
for the navy at the Royal College, Greenwich, and share
the Royal residence at Greenwich Park with Prince
Victor.

There has been issued Part I. of a return issued by
authority of the House of Commons comprising "the names,
surnames, Christian names, and titles of all members of the
Lower House of Parliament of England, Scotland, and Ire-
land, with the name of the constituency represented and
the date of the return of each . . . from so remote a period
as they can be obtained "up to the present time. This Part,
accordingly, comprises the Parliaments of England rom
1213 down to 1702. The return has been compiled from the
writs and returns prererv,d in the Public Record Office,
checked with the books of Parliamentary returns preserved
at the Crown Office.

A telegram has been received at Lloyd's from Aden
reporting the loss of the Dutch mail steamer Overyssel and
the arrival at Aden of the passengers and crew, numbering
102. from the wreck. The Overysrel was an iron screw
steamer of 2,168 gross tonnage, built at Middlesbrough In
1877. She belonged to Rqtterdam, and was classed 100 Al
at Lloyd's. She left Batavia for Rotterdam on June 23, and
since that date nothing had been heard of her.

A San Francisco despatch to the New York papers
states that some persons who have been working in the
matter for some time have discovered the wreck of the
steamer Brother Jonathan, which foundered off Point St.
George, near Crescent City, in July, 1865. She lies in an up..
right position, In about twenty.two Lithoms of water, about
fitty tathoms from the submerged rock on which she is sup-
posed to have struck. There was about £200,000 in Treasury
notes and bullion in her safe, and the finders are fitting out
an expedition for the recovery. The treasure belonged to
the Government, whose claim is held to have lapsed by the
expiration of ten years after the loss.

Shakspeare was not the first who pronounced a
curse upon those who should move his bones. IL Roller
has deciphered the inscription on the sarcophagus of Ash-
menezer, King of Sidon, now deposited at the Louvre. Part
of it rens thus :—" A curse is pronounced against royal
persons or others who should open this tomb, or lift the
tomb which contains me, or transport me in this tomb.
They shall not be burled with the dead, they shall not lie
in a tomb, they shall not leave any descendants, and the
holy gods will deliver them into the hands of their enemies
who will chase them from their country."

Monday was the forty-ninth anniversary of the bizth
of Francis Joseph 1., Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary
and Bohemia, who was born on August 18, 1830. The Aus-
trian Emperor is the son of the late Archduke Francis
Charles (who stood next to Ferdinatd I. in the legal order
of succession), by his marriage with the Archduchess Sophia,
a Princess of Bavaria. He was proclaimed Emperor of
Austria after the abdication of his uncle Ferdinand 1., and
the renunciation of the crown by his father, on December 2,
1848, after the popular revolution at Vienna in that year.
He was crowned King of Hungary, and took the oath on the
Hungarian Constitution, on June 8, 1667.