The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1876-01-29 00:00:00

T1!1-"121.

kn _e i
are p etors ; but the whole of the rest of the although it w ed about, Willi hite, the ...Lux IN ENGLAN4a.
popula do not possess more than the largest proprietor
driver, was
j, .A.,ajusrectiraendd,etsiscapue-dpatwiteniga shakiny. rally landers kand in tkil ipitiFauce _is gene-
of die United
in Scotland, and do not possess more than a quartEr
Scotland holds nearly as much land as three millicna. of
ht eel" States thateThe average length of life in that country is
of an acre each. In point of fact, one proprietor IP °wn.
t' a u,. in.
.was not readrfor traffic until after greater than in England, 4-0 shown by the English
its population (Cheers) Well, now, I want to ask you how two. Ile :.. .. ger ttaffic 748 worked on the clown tables' (says the Sanitary .Rticord). And accounts
this comes about. I have given you Scotland; I will give 'this se • .I'. Ins, tad, in eolikequence;- trains Were for *hat Wbuid otherwise he ,nnexplai aa ' a e im-
yon a fact with regard to Ireland. About a fortnight ago ye nch ~• . . time.
mense profit Cal thallp,siness tilbeethe ralei a • a sue-
there was a letter in The Times from Mr. Fitzgerald, welt . : ~.s. N ' s-tt• • '
known as the Knight of KIT ry —a veryrespeetable gentleman aim being chiefly bleed upon English \tabul: esti-
.
•
whom I had the pleasure o. meeting many years ago. Mr.
Fitzgerald wrote a letter to The Times in defence of the PASSENGERS' LUGGAGE. mates of life,
_ 1 OUT ON THE LOOSE.—How difficult
it is to
. .
proprietors of land in Ireland, who are constantly .- •
. write English. A3rilio a wage re gets 43
attacked on.the subject of tenure and rent- Ile says there -sae- ' judgment Iniilleilveied by the Exchequer ti- .
are 6,000 proprietors and 600,000' occupiers. If there 130 nin the case of ,",Cohen f. the South .1 .is often callectmtl d, a; : de." iiis D 2074 we
only 2,683 persons in Scotland to 17-19ths of ' the
__, 4. That.- ,for hew can-4 - a - mad,' " oiPt youliknio ,'
soil, and if there are only 8,000 In Ireland, which is 1 .ary pant" establishes the important pollit
while he's enjoying a looseid interval.—Fun.
almost of the extent of Scotland, it would appear that the 7th section of the Railway and Canal_Traffic Act
the statement which he says Mr. Mill and I had endorsed applies to passenFere' lugagt carried by railway coin- All.AlLWA.Y,Noyolffitir—ThO• Mcinchesterdixer
cannot be far from the truth; bat It-you take MOW—paw& at the ordinary rate .4reintuieration as well as miner so; tlipt the Lancashire and Yorkshire Rail-
and Wales, the acreage is about equal to Scotland. ad to 01 ~a trts •d'. ,a tent for couvey,ange. ; Thi wpy
lion, any have resolved to adopt a plan which
Ireland united ; and if in England and Wales lan be —4 doe . . •80:. etY telhatfrailwaykonipanies.sha , will a great donvenience to travellers. In place of
more divided than it is in Scotland—l am not going.t -sav it •
Is not, because I believe fits more divided, owing 1 1 1,,:t i.adble igr ta ; *;, a alLgonds entrusted tojaam ving-all—their-earriageralike, llrerVill-be-paliirelt
greater population and greater wealth of the people—but in elmmon carriers; in-the-Absence of a special-contract different colours according to the several classes, thus
the land in England and Wales be no more divided than in ' restricting their liability' and by a series of decisions . first-class will be yellow, second brown, and thir
Scotland, then 17-19ths of the whole surface would be in the upon the Act it has been held that such a contract blue; and the tickets will correspond in colour, scj
possession of 5,166 persons; and, taking the whole proprie- to be valid must satisfy two conditions; it that passengers, either at a terminus or when havin
torship of Ireland as given by Mr. Fitzgerald, and 17-191hs must be reasonable in the opinion of the court stopped for refreshment, will have a good visible guid
of Scotland, and the same proportion for England, would
d' di tie. upon the case,, and iit milt have been to their rgspetktite crgestliompotne carriages will leave us with 13,719 proprietors of the soil in the United a. PI oa —g
Kingdom. When we are talking of Llie Proprietors signed by the cone or (A e gotcle. lip the present be treettl this am ay, tho ple carriagei
of the soil we are not talking of the saswho case the plaktiff,'who was passefiger from Boulognh -which was turned out on Monday from the works at
.owns a few yards or iroeds' of lind, or a quarter fan to Folkestone on board the defendants' steamer„ lost Southport has a most novel appearance.
acre of land on which his house stands. We are speaking his portmanteau, which fell overboard while ireprocese ' riZ..
of the proprietors—those who are occupying and cultivating of landing The defendants pleaded immunity under CHILDREN IN WOR OUSEL —An earnest en-1
or letting to others to occupy and cultivate, and we are . •
~„ deavour is being made by a national committee, under
speaking of that great political power which for generationsi a special condition, printed on the ticket, • ted that they the chairmanship of Mr. Francis Peek, one of the
has been the greatest in this country (hear, hear), which is should not be responsible if the value of the luggage
enormous now, and which whenever it chooses to act to- exceeded £6. To this the plaintiff replied that the City members of the London School Board, to de-
getter in Parliament, spite of your household suffrage In' contract had .no beep signed. bx iin.,tancii that the pauperise orphar‘ qiiil4enil to "Alef„,:miiopalby
boroughs, bears down all opposition and carries everything( nidans of-the boarding Out m, annupport his
centfitidnWaff•unteasonable and this replicaticed the
-which it thinks necessary for its own interest. (Cheers.) purpose is given by Earl D arr, the Earl of Sh es-
court has held good du demurrer. Baron Bramwell
Now, I must ask a question which it would be well if Lord, bury, the Earl of Lichfield, Lord Lawrence, Lord
Derby would endeavour to answer,—ls there not something i doubt that '
saw no reason toat passengers' luggage was
Teignmouth, the Bishops of Chester Exeter, and
strange in this partition of the soil which I have described to i within the words of section 7, which referred gene-
Ripon, Sir Charles Trevelyan, and Sir Jan Kennaway.
you? (Cheers.) Remember that the property of the soil lathe 1 rally to "articles, goods, or things received, forwarded,. ra,
.most universal of any property in the country, you cannot and delivered by the comporres siorts,” ,Wordjr .I.,the :a a report el- tiap-nrstional committee shows
stand anywhere but you are upon it. (A laugh.) It is the most of exception ought not, liOdditb be in unless wine tap... tt,o. • g . tite .Pploeells otkemoving the long-esta-
ied
..., el

,a the

aa+lls,

solid of any properti in the country, the most certain as a
possession and investment. Ills more desired by all classes of
the peoploithan any other kind of property in the country. It
is the foundation of all other property; and yet the people
—I use the term advisedly—the people are shut out, and a
handful of men are the possessors, as I have shown you, at
least of 17-19ths of the soil. (Cheers.) Don't suppose that
lam blaming any of these men. Not in the least They
had nothing to do with the making of any law or oustom
purposely to lead to this state of things. They are in their
circumstances living as honourably, and acting probably as
well as possessors of property in any other situation in life.
But I maintain that there is a cause, and that the cause is
to be found in the state of our law and in the customs which
have arisen from and are supported by the law. (Cheers.)
I ask your attention to one argument which has
always appeared to me to have great f,rce in this matter.
Suppose there were no law of Parliament to interfere with
the possession of land, you can see at once that there are
natural causes which promote accumulation, and natural
causes which promote dispersion. Of the natural causes
which promote accumulation you may take, for example,
the desire to possess land which appears to be universal,
the certain security which it gives to property and in-
vestment, the social position which the investment of land
gives more or less in almost every country, and the
charm which there is in country life. (A laugh.) Dr.
Johnson, I think, recommends everybody of delicate health
to take a walk of two miles every morning before break-
fast; and he adds the very good advice, if it could be fol-
lowed, that he should take the walk on his own land.
(Cheers and a laugh.) Now, if there are these causes of
accumulation, there are also causes of dispersion, and the
greatest and the chief of these is death. The death of the
possessor, as a matter of course in almost every other kind
of property, and if it were not for the law in this case,
would tend to the dispersion of this kind of property.
(Hear, hear.) The extravagance of the owner, his folly
and vice, the desire for change of locality, and for
change of investment, also tend to dispersion. Thus you
see there are natural forces at work which promote the
accumulation of land, and natural forces which, on the
other hand, tend as certainly to promote the dispersion of
land; and what we contend is this, that these forces should
be allowed to work naturally and freely; that the law
should not in any way interfere with them (cheers) ; but
that land should just as easily change and come into the
possession of the inople by that change as any other kind
of property with which we are acquainted. The result of
such a state of things would be that, I believe, the land as
a whole would find itself always in the possession of that
class or those classes of the people which would be best for
the land itself and for the whole population of the
country. (Cheers) Now I have read to you the statement
of Lord Derby, that in his opinion there is no obstacle in
our law to make the gratification which comes from the
possession of land either impossible or difficult. In answer
to that I will read you an extract from a work written by a
lawyer who is very competent to give an opinion on the
question, and I will give it as a complete reply to Lord .1
Derby. The passage I am going to quote is extracted.'
from a work called "The Social Condition and Education
of the People of England "rid Europe." It was written 20
years ago by Joseph Kaye, who is a Queen's Counsel, and
most clmpetent to give an opinion on the question. This is
what he says
"These laws were framed and have been retained for the
express purpose of keeping the land in the hands of a few
proprietors and depriving the peasants and small shop-
keepers of any part of it and of the influence which its
possession confers, and of supporting a great landed pro-
prietary class in order to uphold the sy stem of aristocratic
governmeat-and give greater strength and stability to the
Crown."
(Cheers.) He says :
'lt may be stated generally that these laws enable an
asrner of land, by his settlement or will, so as to affect his
estate that it cannot possibly be sold, in many cases for
about 50 years, and in some cases for 60, 70; or 100 years
after the making of the settlement or will.

absurdity:or gre-at inconvenience would otherwise arise.
In this view of the case the other judges concurred;
and in Baron Amphlett's approval of the policy of the
Act as thus construted the public, we imagine, will
conc.ur likewise. Railway companies, as ,enjoying, a
virtual monopoly of conveyiance—thouglfno doubt not
so absolute a monopoly in this case as in some others— ,
ought not to be allowed to make use of that monopoly to
force unreasonable conditions upon Persthis entrusting
their property to them • nor; be these conditions
reasonable or not, should they be permitted to substitute,
as they are always attempting to do, " notice " for
contract; or, in other word., to pass off something
which is not an agreement for something which is.—
Pall Mall Gazette.

P,

"MOTHER" STEWART'S ANTI-
WHISKEY LECTURE.
In London on Monday evening a lecture was
delivered at Barnsbnry Chapel, Milner-square,
Islington-, by Mrs. Stewart, familiarly ealiled in
America " Mother " Stewart, the leader in that country
of the remarkable crusade known as " the . woman's
whiskey war." The chsipet was i'crammed. by persons
of both sexes. Before the beginning Of, the formal
proceedings, the Rev. J. Moran, tke pastor of the
chapel, announced • that 'there was a koom in addition
to the chapel proper which was capable of containing.-
400 persons, from which the speaklVl.Couldlei-well
heard, though not. so wqll ,see. filhis ipacei was
immediately occupied, and the reverend gentle-
man further adcled; that he hoped . the :apdience
would remenaber that the speaker was a woman.
Three hymns were then Sung, in ,which sindience
generally joined, and a fourth given by the Rev.
Mr. Morgan, from Mr. Sankey's hymns, preceded a
short prayer in favour of. tenlpelance:Ti Th"b rev'
gentleman then gave •a brief accbunt of--" M6ther
Stewart, who, he said, was well known and much
respected, and the most respected where she Was best'
known. She was called "Mother" Stewart from the,.
care and loving kindness which she showed to the
wounded during the American Civil War. He asked
for her a respectful-lieving.j Mrs. Stewart then ap-
peared in the pulpit, • and was favourably and even
cordially received., • After alluding to her age, she
answered the question why she came to England in
the cause of temperance by eayingthat an irresistible
call from Jesus prompted her to the duty. When she be-
gan her work, an eminent statesman 9f Ameripa wrote
to her. "to agitate, to agitite,- and tc} contbine
toagi-
tate ;" and as by agitation Abraham Lincoln freed the
country from the crime and stain of slavery, soshe would
by the same leverage free the cokuntry-from-the
und stain of drur.kenness. (Loud- pheezi„) lAlte 4-94
on prayer, works, and law AR ttlie mans of effecting
her object. (Hear, hear.) 611 e, then gave a descrip-
tion of the drunkenness which prevailed in America,
and of the desolation it produced in individualS,
society, and in the State itself, and the steps she
adopted to stem the evil. She described her efforts
to destroy the awful curse as most successful. She
had headed processions against the drinking
saloons, and on one occasion she had seen so
inuch wickedness going on that sbil conkt no
forbear making a prayer 9 aod I skid' His
fire and blow the wholet establis ent Alp to
the skies; and she did not know that she had much
repented that prayer eince. (4Langhter and eheerm.)
In therlbourse 6f' lief remarks she made hfrant'othr
allusions to her proceedings in America, which elicited
at once the laughter and the applause of the audience.
Mrs. Stewart continued heraddress 'foi more than an
hour, and had complete attention during the whole
time. In conclusion she made an appeal especially to
the mothers and sisters -of Eogland to set their faces
against the use of alcoholic drinks and beer in their
homes, and to banish them as a plague and pestilence
from their houses and country. The time, was come
when women should rise up and do their duty, and in
that view she &tiled on the women of England to a.sist
, in this holy and righteous nvivt rnent. Let them join
together till they could say, "We conquered through
Christ." (Cheers.) A vote of thanks to Mrs. Stewart ;
and a hymn terminated the'proceedings.—Dally Mu's.

("Shame.") Perhaps many persons here may not be aware
that this is almost the only country in Europe, I might
almost say in the world, in which laws of this kind
prevail. (Cheers.) They prevail to some extent in Russia
and some parts of Austria; but in Germany, Holland, Bel-
gium. Denmark, Norway, Switzerlsud, Italy, France, and
the United States those laws are abolished (cheers) ; and
every person there can sell or dispose of his land during his
own life. If he dies without a will the law divides it equally
between his wife and all his children. (Cheers.) The law
does not there make one rich and leavo all the other sons and
daughters poor. (Cheers.) What would you think in this
country it any rich landowner—having, say, six children •
were to doom five of them to ignorance—to shut them mei
from education—to shut them ut from the training belon-g—
-lug to their position in life, but should give that train-
ing and education oily to one chili? (Cheers.) That
would be no more monstrous than to shut them out from htis
property and give the whole of it to one child. (Cheers.) '
Yet such is our law—(cheers;—such is the custom of the
country to an enormous extent, based, I will say, on this
most immoral principle which that law has sanctioned.'
(Cheers.) Now what we want is this—and when people
ask you what you mean by an alteration of our land laws,
this is the kind of answer you should give them—we ask
for freedom of bequest, not for a forced partition of land ;
we ask that land shall be the absolute property of each
succeeding generation of men. (Cheers.) What are the
results of our system? Our tenantry are less independent
than almost any other tenantry in the world (cheers), and our
agricultural labourers, as you know, have been the most abject
and most hopeless class of our labouring population
(Cheers.) The repeal of the Corn Laws did not leave them
untouched by its beneficent hand—(cheers)—for I believe the
wages of agricultural lour throughout this country have.
risen more than fifty per cent, during the last thirty years
under the operation of that great change in the law—a
change which the present Prime Minister and his party de-
clared was to ruin the land, and especially to beggar the
labourer. (Cheers)
• • • • • •
Mr. Bright then proceeded to advocate the assimila-
tion of the county franchise to that existing in
boroughs, and said—
By the Reform Act of 1832 the towns got the £lO franchise,
the counties got the £5O occupation franchise. By the
Reform Act of 1866 the towns got hoasehold fran-
chise ; the counties got only the £l2 rating, which
is equal to a £l6 rental franchise. But in 1835 the
towns got one of the best measures ever passed 'by Parlia-
ment—the Corporations Reform Act (cheers)—a most ad-
mirable Act, which gave self-government to almost all the
towns of the United Kingdom. (Cheers.) What has been
the value of that Municipal Corporation Act? Look at
your own town. People complain that they have rates—
of course they have ; but if they send good men to the
Town Council, such men as you have in your Mayor
(cheers), rely upon it they will get value for what they
have to expend. (Cheers.) Why, if you had no police,
and no lighting, no supply of water, no gas, no- pavement,
and no drains, Birmingham could not exist. (Cheers.)
I say there is nothing better in the world that I am
acquainted with than the municipal governments of this
country (cheers) ; and if they do not always turn out as good as
we wish, it is because the people who make them and ad-
minister them are not themselves as good as we could wish.
(Cheers.) But in the counties there is no Corporation
Reform Bill. (Hear, hear.) Their rates and their powers
are administered by a number of country gentlemen, who
are county magistrates. Ido not say they are not doing
often the very best they can; but they do not admit a great
many persons we think might be very desirable among
their numbers—there are counties I am told in which
ecareely a Nonconformist is ever found on the Bench of
Magistrates. (Hear, hear.) The country gentlemen exert
whatever powers they have, I dare say, as wisely as they
know how (a laugh), considering how difficult it is
to be always disinterested, and how most of us make
many blunders in the course of our lives. (Cheers.)
I think the counties have just the same right—all those
small towns and villages not included within the Parlia-
mentary limits of boroughs have a right to as good a muni-
cipal government as we have in the towns. ((leers.) Take
another Bill—your Education Bill of 1870, That was a,
Bill very faulty in some respects. lam not sure, consider-
ing the almost insuperable difficulties of . the subject, we
have not been somewhat harsh upon those who permitted
it to pass. It might have been more courageous to have
rejected the Bill and appealed to the country for a better
measure. The Bill, as I, have said, has some faults, but
still, in many districts, it is doing a great work. (Cheers.)
But even the Education Bill, be it good or bad, as is stated
by its friends, is confined almost entirely to the towns, it
does not extend over the country in the rural districts ;
and nearly all the experiments of legislation, and all the
good things in the way of freedom, Parliament gives. MT
more readily to the towns than, during my lifetime at least,
to the counties.
After Mr. Bright had concluded his speech, Alr.
Dixon and,Mr. Muntz adadressed the meeting, after
which a resolution of confidenee in the three members.
was carried by a numerous majority over two hostile
amendments, one condemning their conduct on the
question of direct labour representation, and the other
regretting the course they had pursued with reference
to the Tichborne case. Mr. Bright, in his,replyp.l6,,
fended the line which had been taken on both points,,
and spolre.highly of the organization of the Liberal
party in Birmingham. ,

bUsheL prejudi-Cei Of guardians is -tow and difficult,
yet-that progress is being made in the system to the
advantage of the ratepayers at once in lessened cost
and to the.tp.ro3pective advantage of the country
lriug brought-up in 9:1e2 ranks of
WU& °nil the ranks of pauperism. I
SATING LIM—An act of ;gallantry thai has
hitherto been unrecorded has recently been brought to
our notice. During the prevalence of the terrible
typhoon which raged with such fury in the China seas
towards the end of September, 1874, causing so great a
destruction of life and property • at ,Hotgkong, Lieu.
tenant Prior, 80th Regiment, who is now on active
service in the Malay-Peiiistila: Aided by tiVo-gallant
young Englishmen, Meesrs. ICEwen auciMaird, and
by two German Workmen," succeeded in saving some
30 lives off two Spanish steamers, the Albay and Leonor,
which had been totally wrecked off the wharves at
Hongkong. So severe was the typhoon raging at the
time that the chief of the police kept his men in bar-
racks and would not allow them to go out to a fire
-which-had --htoreirott.—The gallant rescue, accoffn-
-plished at great personal risk, was brought to the
-notice of Sir Arthur Kennedy, the Governor, and the
Lopig, Vernint s Hongkong officially I /thank*
Messrs Prior. M' en, and Baird the public making
,up a purse for the G-erman, working men. We feel
-sure, however, that the' Matthr has never been properly
_brought to the notice of the Royal Humane Society.—
Army and Navy-dikazette.
UEMAINS ..OF AN INFBRIOR. RACE. —The Paris
correspondent of the Diily Telegraph says: "Anti-
quarians will be deeply interested in a discovery which
has just been made in the environs of Marseilles. In
the Valley of St. Clair theY have found a settlebient
of the pre.historic age. It is a cave which opens intro
a cleft of calcareous rock, witll tlae places of habitation
and Of,Eurial ditinotl marlrect At bottom there
is a-heap oftones of Men *atiA-woiiieli;• and a number
of stones dressed to be used-as tools and arms, together
with a quantity of rough pottery. Some of the relics,
including a peculiarly.shaped skull, are on their way
to Paris, and scientific men who have seen them are of
opinion that there is sufficient evidence to show that
the race to which the remains belonged was an in-
ferior one.
THE TITLE OF REVEREND.—Judgment has
been given in the case of Keet v. Smith by the Judicial
Committee of the Privy Council. The question at
issue was as to the legality of a Nonc'mformiA minister
using the title of "reverend " in public. The Lord
Chancellor said the word reuerend-had been considered'
in the courts below in some manner as a titje of honour
or of courtesy, and that the 'Clergy Of the-Egablighei
Church had an-ex.cluslve right to the word, with the
excep,ion ef the'clergrot the Roman Catholic Church.
In their /ordships' idea,‘hciwever, it was not a title,
but only an epithet—a matk of respect and reverence,
hut nothing more. Under those circumstances it
appeared' to their lordships impossible to treat the
word as a title of honour exclusively vested in the
clergy of the Church of England. .There-could be-no-
possible confusion arising from the use of the word
reverend" on the tombstone, inasmuch as the words
"Wesleyan minister" followed. Their lordships had
thfreforgyided that &tat
lo ty ought to issue for the
erection of he tomlletol; rid the ease would there-
foree re itted to the cour below for that course to

oulit*

.13q,ad9ptcd. cr. rn
- CIATit:7-1 Th 4 cZI; fiath t-Teeb. called 7, a
domestik animiT, but i never oould tell whyfore. All
thare iz domestik about a cat iz, you kant loze one;
they are :is tuff to loze az a bad reputashun is. Yu
may send one out by the State done up neatly in a
meal-bag, and the next morning yu will find him
alongside the kitchen stove, reddy,tew be stepped on.
Thare iz only one thing about a cat that i like, and
that iz, they are very reasonable ; a little moncy, well
put, will go a great way in eats.— Josh Billings.
t t •
•
TIM PAUPER ROLL.—The number of paupers
receiving relief in England an,i Wales on the Ist of
July, 1875, was 746,065; the teturns show 131,238
indoor and 612,268 oppdopr; hu,,441 are counted in
botl(ltheiii chases, or tWice !ever; having had'both
indoor and outdoor relief on the day named,. The
pitupep fware 1 in 30, or 31 per cent. on the popu-
-Betio& enumerated at the Census of 1871. As we are
nearly half-way towards 41e-picTt.Penene, the ,pqpn-
ilattoJi inrease3, b.nd hue. rsitiets are not-ghlte
so high as those just stated. The total is less by 37,941,
or4'B -per cent., than at the corresponding date in 1874.
The number o ble-l)odied paupers—namely, 9V169
Ishews dehreatte of '6,632, or 6.5 per cent. ; Arica-
shire a decrease of 111 per cent., and in the metro-
polis'ls per cent. The number of adult able-bodied
male,paupers shows a -decrease from 20,474 in July,
1874, to 18,943 in July, 1875. The classification of the
paupers, which deals with the gross number, 746,506,
without a deduction for the 411 double entries, shows
• 134,338 adult males being less by 8,385 than-in July;
1874; 312,231 adult females, a decrease of 16,657;
242,257 children, a decrease of 13,834; 3,202 vagrants,
a decrease Of 97. But the number of insane paupers
has incre,ased,; the males being 23,295, an increasel of
' 404 f- the fenia/es,' 30,158, an increaFe of 638 ; the
children, 1,025, an increase of 89. The total number-
Q• insane Rptuperp in July 1875 was 15174 in-door, and
39304 otit- ' do6r 'the majority of the latter being in
asylums. The total number of paupers shows a
.ecrease of the indoor from 137,944 in July, 1871, to
)134,238 in. July, 1875,, and a 44Taage. from 646,404 i t,
612,268 in the out-door paupers.
, A J fr,l it
„EPOMI OF NEWS.
BRITISH AND FOREIGN.

Ifirktp,

trli W

InteJligenge has been xeceived of the total la
:Ltveri)ool shf Klymitietin )tte outh
'and 50-passengers es`ca ecttb Pftcairn's Island.
Among 4119 losses by the Mosel explosion, a hair-
- dearer includes 126 Pounds of human hair, which he had paid
for in Prussian money, and was taking out.
Mr. Gladstone, in a recent address, told the pros-
perous classes to train up their boys to be sell-reliant and
useful, " for there is no more contemptible creature on the
face of the %rih than theeidle man."
Last year the decided vislu; of bmcon ineportd into
the United Kingdom was £6294,658 ; the prec ing 12
months, £5,385,307.
Statements are made in the Havannah newspapers
that the sugar crop is 30 per cent, below that of 1t75, and
that the tobacco erop.had beeu,ipjured by droughtvia .1 le:
The War Office authorities have decided not to ap-
point any mare kurkebns to volunteer corps pending the
issue of new regulations. Assistant-surgeons will, however,
be appoletecl ttlyire.theee: are yacamies in that rank.
There has been an immense fall of rock at the works
of the Welsh Slate Company, Festiniog, and about 500 men
are thrown out of employment. It Is said to be the greatest
fall that has taken place in the district for a long time.
The palace of Laeken at Brussels, has
,-jpsts-had
• narrow escape from destruction by fire. The garret a sved.ef
discovered to be us flam,es, no-doubt-communicated from an
over heatediehloMey. Duni kvAtidl hastened to the spot on
the first alarm, and prevented the spread of the conflagra-
tion, vihlch at one moment had a very serious aspect. The
cupola which surmounts the building was considerably
injured. Their Majesties were at the palace at the moment.
• His Royal Highness ,the Prince of 'Wale's' arrived
at Agra on Tuesday.: Great preparations had been made; and
the entry into the city avas a splendid affair.l Several bran-
dred elephants, with gorgeous trappings, joined in., the pro-
cession ; and seventeen Rajahs, together wills vast crowds
of natives, had assembled to welcome his li,eyal Pileihness.
The city is beautifully decorated. ~) Icku ;
Great preparfaions are being marle at Westminster
for the reception' of the Queen on the Bth proximo, on the
occasion of opening the Session of Parliament. As has
been the case on every occasion when the Queen has opened
Parliament since the death of the Prince Consort, her
Majesty will this year enter the building by the Peers' en-
trance, instead of by the State entranoe under 'the Victoria'
Tower.
The proposal to erect a third county lunatic asy lain
for Surrey has given, rise to ,a-discuselon'at the Kingston
board of guardians a; to the advbability.of utilizing rooms
in the workhouse for the receptkon of insane persons, and
ultimately a committee was appointed to draw up a memo-
rial to the justices at the quarter sessions opposing the
building of another asylum.
A gentleman just returnee' from the, United tats
says that •he looks forward to a ' great Ytititre "for the
Southern States. Not that he believes they' tvirr ever* again
grow cotton as they usdd to grow it. Negroe4 are only fit -
for that work, and now they are emancipated they,' will •no
longer labour as.they used, to do;, too often they will not
lAbour at all. • But' he'says that some of the Sou4her7s States
contain great mineral resources—coal and iron—so, zieq„the
surface that they can be very easily worked' bAtihed3ephii:„ ,
proprietor/1A the slaves: • •
Many will
some three three or four years ago, of Chang the Chinese giant,
lie has recently been received, it -Is repOrtA, •inttir UM'
,Baptist Church at Shanghai, where he is now lilting withitte
English wife.._ Amoy be known that Change height is? teee
8 inches; but his Sister is eight inches ,taller than himsetto,
and the whole tonally, father, pother, efidttputhroperiv
rival hit& '' . •, g '1:1( Lali:•4l •
b • •
The following accoh •nt: of the, 64
.Be,rnal ,iraajo cal
Plate may 'not be unintereiting. thlii.orte ircid pr
' great. Stowe. sale on the 17th otAniwit, QlB, o
. then the well-known dealer in AttiCl64i
for £4. Very. .soon afterwards:MrtFottieWt titild'tbre AVe ft('
Mr. Bernal for £5, being very well satisfied with the hand-
somp,profit oft 26 per cents maid& mop phase. At the
see eft MraieraaWs tcoll4ctiosa, dri flteNffnef-aft March, 1855,
this plate, lot 1,848 was sold to the Kensingtors,Alum fors
£l2O. • • ,te • ,
The 'Leeds 'meittpy 'Atiire.tat.l.ol.l3z!ey§t4,
ineetibe.a. irenwerilersste au. rn n
resolution was unanimously adopted recommendin
to resume work for three months under protest, and that in
the meantime the operative members of the Standing Com-
mittee shall move for a revision of the rules of the Board in
xespect to the appointment of two arbitrators and an I
'Umpire. The cessation of work by a portion of the men was I
defended on the ground that it was expected that the ques-
tion of a reduction of wages would have been referred to an
umpire for final declsion.

SATURDAY, JAN. 29, 1876-

There were 21 wrecks reported &Aug the past week,
making 96 for the year 1876.
A receAtly completed census of the Japanese Em-
pire makes the population 83,800,675, showing an increase of
189,850 shape the last census was taken three years ago.

M. Lotde''Garnier, the principal of the Grand
Chartreuse, who for fifty years carried on the manufacture
of the perfusied liqueur which enriched that monastery, has
(says a Daily News telegram) died at the age of 72.

The defence of Malta by means of torpedoes hasbeen
made so complete by the War Office that should the with-
drawal, of all her idsjetty's ships from that place become
necessary at any time thy entire defensive system could be
put into operation. .

Mr. Disraeli has addressed a letter to his supporters
In the House of Commons. intimating _that the meeting of
20113frin3lintits been fixed for Tuesday, the Bth of February,
when tho Home will proceed to the consideration. of busi-
ness.
Statistics publimhed show that during the scar
there-have-been born In Paris 29,211 boys and 26,643 girls.,
The numbEr of deaths was 45,280 A or nearly 10,000 leas than
the nuMbbr-of birtht The number of marriages contracted
was nearly 10 000. • • • ' •

- -
The Kensington Skating Rink will shortly lac
opened. The hail will, pontain the largest covered risk in
London, the skatiakiarea bell* oveil,obo opuirb yards, and
when combilied. Witirtihe, opetPair rink; an • area of 2,500
square 'aro: • : • „

Aiklittle.mthik aø ski oldlady from the country was
seen in the Rouse of Parliament prodding away with her
umbrella at on 01„11.r., Cope's kelcoo., Phe vas indignantly I
and sternly robUictitity.alifelicetniur fog, attempting to 14(16)1
a work of eAtiv,hich, had., cost 1E24)00. • • Witereupon the old.
lady replied; I,,ilknilir'stilint relfot."-Court'Joult
, OintidisaaSe2kivegliii!, .`:'• iratilikfbn• 'f4tEcti.i) n
tht Isinmshiro--, and . Yorkshire Railway an. expres ogn
Manchester dashed I into A goods train Which was: shunt-
Ins;
The driver. an fireluan ovas gloriously injured' and
many passenger ere deterelS cut and bruised. Two wagons
of the goods train were smashed to pieces. The thjuredper-
sonelwe taeiatGtbqetQnfirmxiy; a
A remaricable centnnarifin has just passed away at
Paris. The deceased was a man named Renaud, born in
1773, and employed; while very young at •the Prefecture!
Police: Re formed part of that staff under M. de Sartigies,
knew Foucher; and all the prefects tinder the &fit Empird.
A 11
• A bloek Of Peabody buildings was nile i ned, n
Loildon on Saturday in Southwark strgiet, Borough. There
are twenty-two tenements, consisting Of one, two, or three
rooms, and affording accommodation for 2,400 persons.
The rents vary from 3s. tci s 9d. There's a laundry on each
floor.

According to present arrangements.her Majesty the
Queen will leave Osborne on Monday, the 7th of February
for London, in order to open
.Parliareent on the f llowing
day.. Her -Majesty will probably remain at Buckingham
Palace till Wednesday, the 9th, and then leave for Windsor
Cal", ' • • .
dentleMai .29, desires to correspond with a
Yoting lady of means with view to matrimony.—Address,"
&c.----‘.‘ A good-lcioking yonng gentleman, with means, aged
19,1**Islieicto einfesPond- With a riling lady of confldencoo:
and similarly situated, with a view to matrimony.-41d-
dress," &c.—Advertisements in the Manchester Examiner.
The Jubilee Singers, a troupe.of emancipated elyas,
who have been for some time giving ccnoerts in America and
Europe in aid of the Fisk University for coloured youtheat
Nashville, Tennessee, have succeeded so well that the new
building their concerts have paid for has been dedicated.
This building has cost 70,000 to 80,000 dole., raised mainly by
these Junilee-Singers.' •
• 40,1
The secretary to the Birmingham Labour Associa
tion has received a letter from Mr Bright, who will be
unable to attend another meeting before Parliament assem-
bles, but he invited those who wished to discuss the labour
question to meet him privately. A deputation accordingly
waited on the right hon. gentleman, who expressed hii
opinion that as the working classes become more highly
educated many of them would be returned to Parliament.
"The shocking death of Mr. Herbert Noble, at the
early age Of nineteen, in the accident on the Great Northern
Railway last Friday night, is not only a great blow to his
family and friends, but a loss to the art to which he had
' devoted himself. He had been for some little time engaged
as a pupil in his father's-studio, and had already begun to
give promise of high attainments as a sculptor. To Mr.
Noble the less which he has sustained is the more painful
from the fact that his second son, who was also a boy of great
promise„ died after a very short illness only about a year
ago."—Pall Mall Gazette.
Major General Collinson has given a lecture at the
United Service Institution on the measures necessary for the
defence 6f England from invasion, basing his address on the
steps which were taken to protect this country from the
expected'attack by Napoleon I. On the whole he regarded
our general condition as less secure from vital Injury by an
enemy than it was in 1805

In consideration of the painful circumstances under
which the late ponn.:nodore Gooden9ugh, C.B , lost Ids life at
Santa Crn, While In the execution of his duty, We (Globe
are informed that-the Trea.§Mtlas sanctioned the award of
a special pension of £3OO pai'annurd to the • widow if this
lamented officer.
' The Emperor of Austria has conferred upon Mr.
Ablerman Stoue„ late LimijdlayOrlof London. the distinction
of 'Knight Commander of Francis Joseph, accompanied by
the star blithe Order, and 'ttOdn Mr. Vine, private secretary
to Mr. St oneduring his year of 'office, the•gold cross of merit
With the Crown attached.—The Standard.
' It has been ascertainedhy the New York World that
a large trade is done in New Yoirk by certain men who fur-
nish corpses lor. dissection to medical- students all over the
Country ,at the very moderate irate ot twenty-five dollars
(£5) for each subjf 9t amil.that, the* bodies are stolen from
the graves of poor persons .who are buried in the humbler.
'wieners of thecerneterieS.
Sir Charles Duke, 111.P.9 addressed a crowded
meeting of his constituents at.the :Vestry. Hall, Aling's-road,
Chelsea, on!Monday evening.' ' In the'cos e of a long an,
discursive speech, the hen. baronet reviewed the work dl
session, and expressed in clear terms his views of our foreign
policy. Sir Charles expressed high approval of the purchase
of, the Suez Canal Shares, but thought that the visit of the
Prince of Wales to India would be likely to prove the
reverse of advantageous, and might lead to complications
In India, which it would have been better to have avoided.
It has been decided to light all the waiting and
luggage rooms of the principal railway stations in Paris by
means of electricity. By working the Graham machine with
three-horse power, as much light is obtained as that given
by a hundred gas-lamps. The electric lantern is placed at
a height of ten metres from the ground, and sheds a
,soft,
clear light over an area of 20,000 square feet.

last

the..

The following fatal railway accident is reported by
the American correspondent of The Times :—On Saturday,
while a railway train was passing across a bridge over Spring
Grove-avenue, in Cincinnati, the bridge broke down, carry-
in& tap locomotive and five cars with it, and killing three
persone, Two men driving on the avenue beneath were .
caught by the wreck, and both were severely injured. ,
~
An inquest has been held at Southampton, on the
body of a boy named Samuel Hooper, aged twelve, who had
committed suicide by taking about a tablespoonful of car-
bolic acid. The boy had said to his brother, a year or two
older than himself, that he wished to see his mother, who
died eight years since. He also said that his brother might
hare his books when he was gone, and he had previously
expressed a wish that he might not live to September next,
as the end Of the world was eoming at that time. .
Oin the, .50th anniversary of the Lewes Mechanics'
Institution, held on Tuesday evening, the Earl of Chiechester
presiding, Mr. Dodson, M.P., proposed 4 resolution con-
kratulating the members of the institut:on on its success,
and spoke at some length on the value of edlication. Re
. attributed the frequent labour disputes to a want of know-
ledge of political economy. Be stated that some other
countries were in advance of England as regards education,
and if we weuld hold our Own we must set to work with re-
doubled energy. •
Further successes on the side of the British forces
have been achieved at Perak. Telegrams from Penang of
Friday's date (the 21st) announce that the village of Rathalina
had been attatked by the troops with artillery and rockets,
and burnt, the Malays having fled from it. There were no
losses on the s'de of the British According to the latest
aavices from Singapore, the Governor of the Straits Settle-
rrtents had arrived thereon Thursday (the 20th).
4 . Dr. Houghton says that the roy4 tiger is the true
Wog of beasts. The strength of the lion in the fore limbs is
only 69 9 per cent. of the tiger's, and the hind legs only 661
peront.. He declares that the lion is a "pretentious hum-
bug, arid-owes his reputation to his imposing mane, and he.
wiltruh away like a whipped cur under circumstances in
which the tiger will boldly attack and kill."
Mr. Forster,. M.P..,1n Speaking at the annual meet-
ing of the Bradford Chamber of Commerce on Monday evening,
pointed ont With reference to the Suez Canal, that the main
question which the House of Commons would be called upon
to decide next month, was neither a commercial nor a finan-
'Mal one, but it was this—whether Lord Derby could or could
wtin t prove the assertion which he made at Edinburgh that we
ted, and, through the purchase of the Khedive's interest
the Canal, had Obtained additional security for that which
o up! a necfssity—free and .uniAterrupted • communica...
tiOrithrokigh Egypt with India,
The Bishop of Exeter,it firlid.re;sing a meeting of
the Church of England Temperance Society, at Torrington,
Nerth!Devon;,reniarked that the deplorable waste of money
in intoxics.ting ; drinks _among the poorer classes was the
cause rather than:the effect of their privations. Wages in.
some parts of the country had . of late. risen. considerably,
and if it was the condition of the poor that drove them to
the public-house, their increased wages should have afforded
them an opportunity of improving their condition, but such
had not been the case, as the money had been squandered
in intoxicating drink .
llmprovemengUi&--old tovin of 'Edinburgh are
sweeping away many houses of interest. One of these is a
-house in General's Entry, Potterrow, in which at one time
residedArliwoose, ,t)ip•o,Clatilfa " who tottcheds the
susceptible hearVo`f the' poet 'Burns, and with whom, under '
the name of "Sylvander, ' he exchanged so many glowing
letters. "Clarinda" resided id' the first floor, the whole
accommodation of her house consisting of a kitchen, a bed-
foorpi and.a ,plitiour where the visits. of the poet were-re-
ceived, and which is still knoNvn as 'Burns's Room." The
house is to be demolished to make way for a new school.
In addreissing .a meeting of the Gloucester and
Bristol Diocesan Association at Cheltenham on Saturday,
Bishop Eliccotti , paid .their education grants were for the
instruction of the poor in the principles of the Church of
tun 4 gland, and it was a question whether they sffofild not in
' ture help only on condition that if those principles ceased
o be taught by schools passing to School Boards, the money
-given for that,pnrpose should be returned.
The Fran& Minister of Public Works has addressed
a circular to the railway companies on Sunday labour. He
reinarke that if it is impossible to, suspend work throughout
Sunday, it is desirable that their employes should not be de-
barred an oaportuaity, ot . attenaing ,religious worehiP,
and that-the-• closing of petitte 'titeese goods station
at :noon, as ordered in 1859 and 1866, requires to be extended.
He therefore propoaes ILIA they should he closed sitt9eiii:
summer and 11 in winter, anddevites the companies o x
,press an opinion on this alteration.
- Mr. C. Harrison, M.P., attended an -Qddfellova' ,
banquet at Bewdley on Monday night, and, speaking in
favour of such societies, remarked that the duty of making
.-Nprr
girseiaotnesrfocraitaimmietsyofcosuicllebesesfallaly
tcii,oesecoamt every man's a:hi':
than the
failure of such societies; and, although a few years ago they
were not -reported in a. sound state, their funds were now
placed in an improved position. Last session was principally
devoted to social legislation, a h and he eieed the Friendly
Societies Bill was a fair specimen of that le4slatioe, and eon.
tarred considerable blessings en\th, 11141.
' Lord Derby hai writan'to a working.than, in rep l'
' to on inquire t eepectiug the ineening of, a pass* alhb
t
'speech he !nada at Ediiibmigh, txplehoinethatwhett h saja
the income tax did not touch the worppg claws he alluded
,to the grep:t b9dSr, ilnd not to ,etcelitignal, easel, ItTkeitsaLxoorpd
DDerby,believes.to lals truo. lis tlo akcoinplaint from She same
NV
quarter that a large number of OriXillg men pay. h
• idcome they dO not recsive, the ciblie earl pc int's Mit that a
Wbrking man has oily to take acertifieateirem his employcir
, that he has not earned for the year £lOO to the surveyor of
taxes for his district to recover such a payment.
' In London, on Saturday, Mr. Leone Levi delivered
an address mr Tradea' Unions "inithe *large tlplatie of King's
at ,ge,:the Lord Mayor presiding., -With"regatd to piece-
wc he expressed the opinion that, in any case, payment by
pai A was the best fallible test of the value of labour,
vya,,
wratoinirt
eititaoesicirit4heencoklyozode -by which, patient Fork and
6es
ofciti
Ica,
committees
eht
hes
serviteLtrddthe_ ettenxiohnosiF ltdtheeeresstlidotrf
as acs of cpward ce, pickettng,and coerciqn.eThe
'&101r press,
ttd"fhaenlidtetaitgocaileretivineegsl
pop lation was to inculcate habits of thrift, an,d to check,
i
as Ir as they could, the isVil of intemperance. •

its. I'

L

ccording to the latest official annual report, there
are the Ripsian Empire, excluding Finland. Calicaaia, and.
Cen raltAsfa; 2,78pf1,11b efementarY'sehoOls, with a roll of
942,487 'm011004.44 jwys,p4 vwes, Rao Igs,o6§4gilisi There
Is therefore a Vital to every 48 male inhabitants and every
205 females, and a school to every 3,294 inhabitants of both
sexes. The German provinces take the lead in education.
They boast a school to every 2,044 inhabitants, and a pupil
to every 16 males and 24 females. In the districts of St.
Petersburg, Moscow, Charkoff, Kazan, and Odessa between
them there are about 11,C00 schools, but 3,138 of these are
provided, with teachers whom the official report designates
as totally unfit for their calling