The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1871-10-31 00:00:00

WINFRITH FARMERS' CLUB.

A meeting of the members of this club was held at
Wool last Thursday evening, under the presidency of
Mr. J. J. Bates, with Mr, Chapman Saunders in the
vim-chair. There were also present: MrR. ta. Randall
Cl. Ellis,
EBleus,nnextt; MC! .
J. LLotoeMnimaSbillysi
THM.rrJßauL°ohnnolgtamDboaanm:eMrnit.,MTSr:
great interest to agrioulturiats, and he was sure it
In opening
very pleased
It, Spooner.
would be brought forward in a style worthy of the
tor:ThDehBletmvusrdLejeebytnji,ganl;df.toanhrecoaPnstateigaidnedrapalNTntronstowa imdweholetlceoloasef
lecturer. and he hoped would be thoroughly discussed.
Mr W. C. firsoostga, of Sling, Southampton, said the
subject he had to introdnee had been designated "The
Chemistry of Feeding Stuffs." By chemistry they
meant the composition and qualities of the various
feeding stuffs, and in the term feeding stuff, (tempts-
handed all those foods given to domestic animals, both
natural and artificial. If they analysed any particular
food they would find It contained elements of three
different qualities; and he took it, that unless all had
studied the subject, and wine familiar with the dd.
(went qualities of those elements, it must be useful
from time to time to consider them at Farmers' Clubs,
In order that those engaged in the practice of agricul-
ture may be in some slight degree familiar with the
elements which compote the crops they grow and the
food they purchase with a view to raising food for the
people. But the elements of which he had spoken were
by no means pure, and could be resolved down till they
arrived at three or four games and earths. He would
take up the analysis of linseed oaks. He found them
described as moisture, oil, albuminous compounds,
mosilage and other carboaseeom principles, woody
fibre and the different earths. In swedes they found
the same divisions and sub-divisions, although existing
In different proportions. Theta elements were found
to a large extent In most of the foods they used.
Hydrogen and oxygen were found in sugar, starch,
Ito. Carbon they were familiar with in charcoal and
other substances which formed the woody mattor of
tress. Hydrogen entered into the composition of
water; and oxygen was in water and entered into the
composition of atmospheric air to the extent of one-fifth.
Then there was about ifour.fifthe of nitrogen, although
it was incapable of Itself of supporting life or combus-
tion. Yet so easential was it that dogs and other
animals (ea on stareh, gum, sugar, As., languished
and died, for want of nitrogenous elements. Now
albumen, which might be taken as representative of all
similar substances—gluten, wheat, fie—consisted of 53
per cent. carbon, 7 hydrogen, 15 nitrogen, 22 oxygen,
and the rest phosphorus and other substance,. Com-
pared with sugariand starch' they found carbonic in sugar
42, in starch 44, hydrogen 6, oxygen St in sugar and 49
in starch. Albumen contained a large proportion of
carbon, about the same hydrogen as in sugar end
stars*, had less than half the oxygen, and had 15 per
malt of nitrogen, which sugar and starch did not
possess. Oil again had no nitrogen, and by oil he meant
tatty matters of all descriptions. But it was remark-
ably rich in carbon having 76 per cent,, of hydrogen 12,
and oxygen 11, and that explained not only that oily
matter will supply light in the shape of candles, &a.
being a greater supporter of combustion, but also fast
food in which it large prevailed, is the most fattening,
because it remlres leas exertion of the vital system to
waved the oil into fat than starch does, because the
latter must first be rendered soluble by the saliva and
secretions of various glands, before it eau enter the
system; while oil contains double the quantity of Oar*
bon. The utility of carbon in the system was this—
that the greater part of the food—perhape seven-tenth,,
, or a considerable part at any rate—was used for sea.
Wising the temperature of the body. A goad deal was
required to raise it from say 32 Far. to 98 or 100 blood
heat, so that they found great expanse in keeping up
the health of quadrupeds, as • very large amount of
carbon had be be supplied in a soluble state. This
emanated for the economy with which fish could be
kept, as being cold-blooded they required to be kept up
to but little greater temperature than the water around
them. Thus also reptiles after hibernating for months
same out but Uttle smaller in belt Now the value of
food must materially depend on the object they had in
view; but it was necessary that the albuminous and
carbonaceous properties should be taken in certain pro-
portion, to each other. Milk, which was the first food
of men and the lower animals, contained about two parts
of albuminous ceostituenta, which nourished the body and
.isaocost!iP:flleongWirtadtifiCilanrjlorobolanalrileicifkithratho::::""sod'son7-PrilaroPiniubewsYlodalunicaucf!angrs.kgalae ctbctke:,:inlitkaah:4:;prioir°oinrdin"fecP!lountiainlrYri":"bi.ll;
whassshould be
rrr:yetuelheric:ll:ofnorsodof9:tbsahisetill=efugftraoxwEttvt.ar 71:sequ"liutntiklenthceedoiltanifmlnersnmaethrtgreaS:Par"retucTiewadrtiwere
the stall applied that the horse used for restoration to the lay-
ing on of fat and lacteast.olle.th, , If they greatly altered those
proportions, they were sure to produce alsosiee ; and,
although they knew that in referents) to them matters, practice
generally afforded the beet criterion of the proportions of toed
to be used and the most economical, yet it was satisfactory
when ICIIIOOIII explained and conlirn6ed it —Omar, haw). That
reesarkabie for its luxuriant growth of roots, se last year was
equally noteworthy for their &loath. It was a difficult matter
to ascertain the real or proportionate value of the root crop,
110 he would only speak of Its relative value. If they considered
the two years as forming together two avenge crops, they
Might take it lase year was If under, and this. If over the
I,l=4.itl,ryat the valu
greater tLt.: what roots rethrser!) 141 year we,
or
Zite:mtc.
13.
Became last year, being grown in a drier time, they were more
nutritious, and their scarcity also enhanced their value. In a
year like the present, sad more particularly in other districts,
where they were obliged to buy in cattle and sheep, piing
horse, were celled on to
ng
very high prices, the vales
dinilo
irimiajor cli. other day of
buy animal, tot them immarcie;methel;ncecroel:Pr::l4.74lhip:cropubErtili:nii:""m.peolearib...ol',:eilv:til e.:irrnsii.nhobt.ewny6iYieinarinyrtwirraicEtim
said :ereiiledddri.rn
not pay for wintering; but
lead them to s wicor
ispeabing of U., relative
wigetointuufor:en thely
il 0 l
nearly wprelas being £s:tiettpuir
i.
aßected by the mice of seed, the detnead for oil, price
Warn
was
pat the albuminons
phad°n"archaßni::°"l.tiabp:puolk.43:utirdthi:twaseal•Touivalutodbeawb:Uuethurce3dsgelit";:cts:3l:maabs.7ele;47thilt°46lll""aval°emeni:l"eoligh.b.: ft4ll:wini:rtyd"'eehotatose;l:::r4li
quality to tll per ton, while the man
urij
That might be thought rather high, but It Vika.ee th, VlM4iltelll4l2L before
the animal had taken up a certain porUon wd at 10
per cent.—to Increase the system. He remarked that fettle
animals did not increase fat only, but to a peat extent dif-
parsed water by fat , thus a fat animal only contained 60
per cont, of water, while store cattle and ourselves were roes-
of 76 per cent, of water. Experiment, proved that beasts 'troll fed lammed only one per cent In live weight,
while sheep increased about If cent. per week, and pigs
no lea than 6 per cent. to the value of roots be
mid that If they only considered one point of the subject,
via., the amount of nourishment in root., they might say,
then we'll use them and not lay out money in Widths. That
would be all right if MIMI& would keep in health and Wiwi
on • certain quantity of 111111611111111 wherever they existed. But
Unfeetallately reale tionfained • very large amount of water—.
BøWpuomAs eiuiseelw,dcegwaby
wa