The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1864-12-13 00:00:00

ETTE, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1884

kept his three weitstling colts entirely on straw and two
bu-hels of oats between them. They did well, and are
now as hue colts as • man would wish to own. A run
in • ptddock for two or three hour. per day will not
only he beneficial in the formation of muscle, toot will
allow the colt to obtain, although perhaps only in small
qoantities, that which will act as condiment.
2nd.—Pigs. —ln feeding thew, brewers' grains or
melt dust must be the substitutes for route, which it
will, ptobattly, be necessary to diomutinue this sespon.
In fattening, these will be eaten best if inked iliy
with lie meal and water, or linseed water supplied in an
adjoiniug trough.
3rd.—Cattle.—Where the usual number of these are
tri he fattened this season, it will have to be accom-
plished with far lea than the customary weight of roots.
The nee of the pulper and chaffeutter will greatly facili-
tate this. A geodeosan who has had these implements
in use for some year& in answer to my ensuries,Ay. :
" My system is to pulp the roots, and mixing with straw
chaff and meal, allow fermentation to commence before
giving to the animals. I an, satisfied that me cattle do
as well under Wilt system as they formerly did with the
Imam wtight of roots and meal, end hay ad fibitrat "
Mr. C. Lawrence, in his " Famy on diminishing the
quantity of roots in fattening cattle," gives the follow-
ing example of the tuceetsful adoption of the system of
Limning with a smell quantity of roots:—" In the
month of August, 1853, our swedes and mange' were
struck with sonic kind in: blight, which nearly stopped
their growth, and we were reduced to the altersiatires of
selling *woe of our stock or putting We whole on short
allowance .4 roots, and we adopted the letnir. We
lied ci the bullock. to GOlbst. weight, and the sheep to
10th.. per head per day. We had plentr of good barley
straw, but We hay was very indifferent, having been ex-
posed for several weeka to rain. and put op at last in
questionable condition.
I poach...eel 17 bullock. at the October Ilereford fair.
For the first four weeks they had little else than the
barley straw, and bed hay cut into shelf with their
to b.. of roots. From that ties, until they were sold
they had 6111 e, of linseed sad rapeo.ke per day, mixed in
equal proportions and boiled, and the soup poured over
the chaff, which was then covered over in • slate tank '
until .he former was completely absorbed. This des-
greyed the fungus or mould which bad aocemelated on
the damp hay, and rendered it perfectly sweet; but of
mum could not restore We nutriment washed out by
the rain. The homed and rapecake together averaged
Ffi per ton. The cost was therefore 2a. lid. per head
per week; the chaff, N. 41 per bead per week; the
roots, at Ills, per ton, Is. 84. Bay for the first four
weeks the cost was 5.. per head per wiek, end for the
neat 13 weeks Gin 101., when the animals were sold.
The accounts stands thus

Lad.
17 bullock., prime coal • - 286 17 6
Fettling, 4 weeks at 17 0 0
„ 13 „ at G.. 103. 76 1 0
- - 93 1 0

L 379 18 6

They were sold for OM 10r. (XL.

Thew bollocks paid to.. per ton for the roote consumed,
and made • valuable lot of manure, end the results are
.ncourssing, when we corroder proepective prices in
coisiprismi with thus of 1813.
A plan of feeding bullocks, which I have this year
seen an most roccessful operation, is the following :
They were tied up about the last week in °doter, and
fed on bt) lbs. of roots, and five lb.. of meal (wheat.
barley, and bran, in equal proportions) per day, with
hay, chaff, and water ad Mauna At first they retard
the chaff which was given with the metal mixed in it,
and only slightly damped; but when the mixture was
thoroughly soaked with waUr they ate it readily.
Straw we. now chaffed with the hay, the former in the
largest proportion, and the meal increued to gibs.
Under this ilateni the bullocks are doing remarkably
well, and the cost per head per week is as follows:
2nd. s.d.

420 lbs. of wand, at 012 6. per ton - -2
2-
56 „ hay chaff, at 5 6 0 „ - 2 4
70 „ straw, at 1 10 0 „ • 0 11
56 „ meal, at 8 5 0 „ - 1 14
Attradrues - - • • • • 0 44

10 0
If these bullocks make °sell one score of beef per week,
as they are expected to do, they will pay well for
gracing.
Stole cattle, especially thole) reared for grsMog pur-
pose., should always be kept in an improving site, as
etberwim expense is incurred whilst the animal is de-
o/teeing in value. . .

In order to show bow well young stook will pay for
good keeping. I will tell you the results of an experi•
ment with • short-horn calf, made by a member of this
club. The animal WWI kept in a fatting state from it.
birth, everything being purchased for it. After being
taken from the Co. it was fed on hay, swedes, bran,
bean meal, and linseed cake. At 14 months old its weight
woo estimated at 30 score, and it was sold to the
butcher for 1:16, yielding • clear profit of between 1:3
and Ed.

The keeping of dairy cows during the winter months
upon the usual syetem of giving bay ad libitum', must,
this year, where hay is ware, give way to some other;
Indeed. in every swop I believe it would be found more
profitable to give greater change of food.
One symtein which I have seen tried successfully with
cows having calves by their sides, is the following :
One bushel of mensal, with 4lbe. of barleymcal,
and 21be. of cab.. per day, and plenty of good
straw. This would cost, per week :
s d.

280 lbs. of alioed niangel, at 12a. per ton -
14 linseed cake, at Ell Si. - - 1 5
28 „

barley meml:at E 7 - - - i i

-•- 6
6 0

In the same period a cow would consume If -cwt.- co!
hay, whisk at C 8 per bon, %voted oost eo. ed., leaving a
balance in favour of the former system (tne prodace
home alike).of.2s..9d. per head per week.
. . . .

M7.-clonfall, who iii-the journals of the Royal Agri-
mita.' Society, has given the results of some experi-
mente made by him in feedingdairy cows, thus describes
his syetem :-" My fool for milith cow., alter having
undergone various modifications, has for two seasons
oonsi•ted of rape cake, bibs , and bran, 21br., for
each cow. mixed with • sufficient quantity of bean
straw, oat straw, and ahell of oats in equal pro-
portioais to supply them three times • day with se
mach as they will eat. The whole of the materiels are
moistened end blended together, and after being well
iteatud are given to the animals in a warm state. The
attendant is allowed 1 lb. to 14 lb., according to Umiak-
etenors, of bean meal, which be is charged to give to
• ach sow in proportion to the yield of milk-thoee in
full milk getting 2 lb.. each per day, others but little.
It is dry and mixed with Use steamed food on its being
dealt out separately. When this is eaten up green food
is given, consisting of 30 to 35 lha, of either cabliages,
kohlrabi, or inangel per day for each. After each feed
X lb.. of meadow bay, or 12 lb.. per day is given to each
cow, and they are allowed water twice a day to the
extent they sill drink. The cost of this at 'cement
prices would be about 10a. per bead per week.
A slight modification of this system wu the
following :-
d.
Rape cake, 30Ibs, at £7 per ton- - 2 2
Bran, lOglbs., at fis. per 1001 b.. - 0 64
Malt wombs. 'NAL, say- • - • 0
Been meal, 1011ba., at 1.116 a. 811 per ton 011
Meadow hsy....lts., at Lb - - 2 10

-
Green food, .2401 W st 13e. - 1 3
Strew, ollatHeg, steaming and atleademee. 1 4

96
Upon this food six tows averaged 14 quarts of milk
per day for 27g weeks; and aa, from repeated experi-
ments. it was found that 16 quart. of this milk yielded
on the average 260 a of butter, we have a prodaes from
mob cow of 911bs. of butter per week, whish at Is. 24.
per lb., (11a Id.) leaves • profit on batter of ls. 6d. per
bead per week, putting all food sonanmed of the prima
of the prewint anion.
. . . . -

A So.; kept wholly on hay, or my 28Ibs. per day, at
£5 per too, would cost Bs. 9d. per week, exclusive of
attendance, upon which the yield would not certainly be
loon. thim 516. of butter, which at is, 2d. per lb.,
(54.10 d. showing a loss of 5.. lid. upon each animal,
for which bay is bought at Its present prim.
With these fact, before them, wherever hay or other
ordinary food is in short supply, there will be little
difficulty in chiming some system of artificial feeding
in preference to one of purchasing hay.
The system of steaming mama to answer remarkably
well in feeding cattle. Where this cannot be done, •
portiou of cake or linseed could be boiled, sad the
mixture thrown in • boding state upon the straw chaff.
lt is important that all corn given to cattle should be
ground, as it is well known that if given whole or only
pertially bruised, it is not all digested.
. .

4th.ZSbeep.—The providing of suitable food for this
class of animal will he the chief diffieulty of the present
season, for while it hes always been the custom to make
straw • portion of the diet of both horse* nod cattle,
this has hitherto, at least in this neighbourhood, been
only exceptionally tried with sheep.
In order to economise to the utmost the stook of food
on hand. it will be necessary to take advantage of erfirY
known way by which the consumption of food will
yield the best results. One of these is that of giving
every possible shelter. One careful experiment made
by • very practical man gives as the Isiah that the gain
of sheep fed in yards, as compared with those fed in the
fields, is in the proportion of eight to seven.
A gentleman, whose turnip crop is almost an entire
failure, is pursuing the following plan with his fattening
sheep
They are kept in a yard entirely on artificial food and
oat straw with free access to water. The daily allow-
ance per head is two-thirds of • pint of beans and one-
third of sib. of cotton cake. The cost of this is about
60. per week each in artificial food. Wishing how-
ever to push on some of the beet a little faeter,they were
taken out of the yard and given grass and turnips in
addition to their previous food. The result was that the
sheep left in the yard programed faster than those taken
out, although the latter were given additional food.
This specks volumes in favour of pad feeling. It muse
however be remembered that this system requires • great
weight of straw to be expended in litter (a sheep yard
should be covered with wheat straw every day): arid as
so much will be required this winter for (*citing
there will, in few nudeness, be muck to spare
riorTirering sheep on any extensive male.
In fattening sheep this amnion the great point will be
to feed in snob • way as to reduce the eceisamption of
roots and bay to a minimum, and at the mane time to
Hoare a good return for the expenditure in artiliefal
food. In some experimeete made by Mr. Lewes, it was
found that sheep fed se swedes alone consumed about
174 lbs. each perdue ; other:vied on glover chaff and swedes
ounsurred 14 lb. of the 10119141 f, and nearly 17 The. of
swedes. Some fed on oat. and swedes ooneurned 14 lb.
of oats and 11 lbs. of swedes; and the (earth lef.,fed on
1 lb. of oilcalre and swedes, consumed 121 the. of the
latter. These experiments show that the addition of
a proportion of artificial to the ordinary food of sheep
kiagely reduces the consumption of roota, (in this rase
about one-thirdj•od has a much greater effect in this
way than hay chaff. The oats, of which • greeter
weight was given at a is.. cost than the coke, reduced
the consumption of roots in the greatest proportion,
end in addition yielded • better remelt in the laterenee If
weight in the sheep.
In fattening sheep this mama It sprout to be
relatively to their weight, • low pries in the market,
desirahle to select those feeding staff. white have,
sash a. ostit, barley, cotton cake, he,, rather than than
which bear • relatively higher value.
I have lately mon some fattening sheep, chi& are
baying one pint per day of cracked peas and Indian

corn given with as much oat rick chaff as they will eat
Mao, helf • lb. per day each) and plenty of mongol,
no hay. They appear to be thong remarkably well, and
re being drawn f,.r tbe 'Juteher.
Unlortunately mu exact account is bein• kept of the
quantity of mirmel eousuni. d ; but putuag it at 12 lb..
taall per d-iy au have tbe coal per wmik
s. d.
84 lb.. of mangel (consumed in the field)
at 10s. per too. - • - 0 41
Cirri and straw • - • 0 711

I 0
exiting,* of attendance, which would not amount to
much, aeons man looks after • large number fed in this
, way. As ttd. per lb. is offered for thew abeep,they have
only to make 1g lb. of mutton per week to pay 10.
1 per ton for the roots consumed.
In fattening sheep the allowance of corn is mush
better given at two servings thet all at one time.
The most economies! way in which stock sheep, vie.,
ewes and howls may be carried through the remaining
Portion of this winter, is • question of the greatest
Importance to every steep owner. In the county of
Dorset alone, if we estimate the steak of sheep at one to
every stre.or say 600,0c0 in the whole county, the ques-
tion whether they will omit this winter 2d., 44., or 64.
per head per week in srtillinal food is the difference
between £l3o,ooff 2260,000 and 1:380,000. Doubtless
in some instances store steep may be carried
through the winter without Artie/Oak of any kind, bet
In very many times they must be used to • very 'con-
siderable robot.

The most economical way in which artificial feeding
may be either partially or wholly adopted is at the
present time provoking considerable diuussion in all
agricultural publications. In lb. Mark Lane
drpras Mr. P. H. Peer., author of the prise essay on
feedlog stock in the journal of the Royal Agricultural
Society, reeommends wheal as lining in. cheapest feed-
ing for all kinds of farm stotk at the present time. Mr.
Fiore write,: I boil daily • large copper fall of wheat,
mix it with cut barley straw, let the mixture stand •
few hours, then add nearly an equal quantity of wheat
or barley as meal,and serve itont to my sheop,young and
old, to my cowl and cattle of all ages. The stock
receive • very few pounds of turnips end cabbage in
addition and • little cotton cake I Lave now no linseed
on the tiro.. About 10 (allow of water are required
to each km tel of wheat. The mixture, which mast be
stirred, takes about one hour before it boils, and is lilt
boillng slowly for balf an hour more, till all the grain.
are burst.

The gravy, i.e., the water not absorbed by the wheat
is poured over the chaff heap, and gives it in some
measure the warmth and fragrance of steamed food ;
the meal addel aftewards adheres to the wet chaff and
takes up the superfluous moisture. I will specify the
food given to the hoggeta because practical men may
hare • special misgiving as to its atom for young sheep
This lot' 246 head, bits daily one bushel of Its lied
wheat and 6411*. of meal (half wheat, half barley) ;
with this, even in the warmest days of September,
they ale ail sacks, or about 1g cwt. of cut straw.
They bare also 561 be of cotton cake, and 15 bushels of
hard early-sown white turnips, besides runnier for one
or two hours over a bare clover ley. When they lose
this run they w U have • few more root., any five to 10
bushels. They have been on this food nearly a month,
and the shepherd consider, they are doing better than
when they hail linseed take, and therefore he has
asked to have boiled wheat initesd of bruised cake for
his ewes. The cost is tertian for linseed take. Th.
wheat (or its equivalent in barley) at 4s. 61. per
bushel, costa per week £3 3s, ; the cotton cake Li Is.
totsl £44.. or about 4d. per bead per week.
These (Doan') are expected to be ripe for the
butcher, and to weigh 10it., as soon as they are shorn.
The ewes (300) have boiled wheat and straw chaff
without the addition of meal.

The bullock. get two st,;••• of boiled wheat or barley
meal, and two stone of cotton cake per head per week,
costing together 6e. 6.1. The mach cows in full ptofit
hay* five stone of boiled wheat and one and • half
stone of cotton cake. The young stock have a Linlikt
mitture of food. The pigs also bare both boiled wheat
and meal.

Mr. Freres ked in this system of boiling wheat is
being sucteednlly followed in different pert' of the
country.. _

The plan adapted by a gentlemen, whose farm I have
lately visited, and whose turnip crop is estimated at not
more than • fourth, is thus described by him :—" The
young 'twee, with the weakest old ones (together X 0)
are allowed about one-third the usual quantity of roota,
end • run on the down each day for two or three boon.
They have in addition 40 bushels of straw chaff and 130
pints of speared barley,r goal to 100 pints of dry. The old
ewes are allowed the same proportion of speared barley
and chaff, but are folding off mange' tops instead of
swede*. They will all have a little linseed cake when
they lamb, which thir year. deferred till March, when
there will be rye (Newmaiket Giant) which comes very
early.
The boggeta, (320 cross-bred Cot•wold and Hampshire
down) are in a large yard, which has a little fresh wheat
straw every day. They hare 48 bushels of good straw
chaff, and 4 bushels of sported barley, and FA lba. of
pollard per day. Water al•ays at hand, and driven out
on to • heic stubble for two or three hours.

The wet of keeping these hogiete is es
•

E a d.
13even masa 'pealed barley per week,
equal to 4 sacks 3 buahela of dry.}. 217 0
barley, at 24a. per quarter • •
336 huabela of chaff, equal to 24 cwt., )
116 0
at 30e. per Jou - - - - -
350 lbs. of pollard, at id. par lb. (coat 1
014 7
Price) • ' • ' • -
Atteadance 0 7 0

23 14 7
320 bogpts at 44d. per head per week-11 13s. 44.
These sheep will wet in wintering for 26 weeks about
W. 3d. each—suroly • far better plan than sending Cum
out at 12s. or 14m. per week. losing all the manure.
All thew sheep fed on speared barley: are in good
store order, the houets in particuler struck sus as look-
ing very healthy and well.
This gentlemen informed me that • friend of his, who
farm. 700 or MOO acres of poor clay ( has a sheep
on land in winter) and for years put has wintered 300
to 700 sheep in yenta with straw in racks, and from •
quarter to half a pint of beans per bead per day and
eater, lie haa bad great success in them; of course
they are not fatted until the summer on clover land.
A plan which is being generally adopted this winks.,
and which hes many advantages connected with it, is
that of partially ki aping sheep upon oat-rick ehaff. Of
this they soon become very fond, and will clear up a
considerable quantity is the day.
From experiments made this season, I find this chaff
to be composed on an avenge of two-fifthe of corn and
three-fifths of straw. I have seen one flock of ewes
doing well upon about half the moral quaniity of roots,
and lit, each per day of this chaff. The cost is 24d
per head per week, exclusive of roots.

,
If by Id. Antoine', tables no 'octopus these throm
lost given systems of artificial feeding, supposing Mooch
cam three-tlftha of the entire "nigh* of each mixture
to be ookstran chaff; and estimating the •olote of each
by its nutritive proportion in relation to hay, the result
in each cam ia aa follows

'Freres "'item
C,. I: S. d. Of Hai.
4 cwt. wheat, at 8 9 per ton 1 13 913. in. 11792..
meal, 819 „ 017 11
2 „ barley mesl, 7 0 „ 014 0 3„79 „
12 ~ straw chaff, 110 „ 018 0 6„17 „
Boiling - • •U 2 0

)cwt. 24 58 23
Thus oaa ton of wheat mixture, °opting £4 ss. Bd., Is
eq nal in nutrition to 23 eat. 21 Ibs of bay, costing
at £5 par ton, £5 15e. 11d.
IL—Tbs Speared Barley system.
C.. 1: s. d. Of Hay.
8 out. barley, At 6 10 per ton 2 12 0 14 cat =be.
12 „ strew chaff, 110 „ 018 0 6 „ 17 „
Labour in Spearing, any 0 2 0
——
20 oast 1:3 12 0 20 109
. . .

_
Thu. one ton of barley misture. wistang 12 12a., on
equal to 20 t 109 lb.. of hay, at £5 per ton, °oiling
£5 4s. 10J.
lll.—Ost Rick Chaff m;tem.
(Calculating that the save in thrashing and winnowing
pays for chaffing.)
E a. d. 0( 0.,.
8 cwt. oats, 7 0 per ton 216 0 13 cwt. 63 lbs.
12 „ straw, 1 4 „ 014 5 6 17

20 1:3 10 5 19 90
Thus one ton of oat chaff mintage, costing Es 10a 5c1.,
I. equal to 19 cot. 90 lb.. of hay, costing at £5 pat too,
£4 lea. U.
E a d.

It thus takes

16 rot. 54 lbs. of No. 1 oostiog 3 11
18 „ 81 „ N 0.2 „ - 3 7 4
or 1 ton uf No. 3 „ • 310 sto equal
19 clrt 80 lbs. of hAty „ - 418 7

These milealatione reina in showing ilini-ecCiaomy et
reeding on sprouted barley.
The cost of keeping sheep on these foods would be fees
44. to sd. per head per week ; but if they be supplied
with half the weight of ordinary food, the extra met
this season would be from 2,1. to 211 per head pee
week, or for the remaining 17 weeks of this winter.
about 3s. 64. per head
Having now attempted to bring before yon some el
the most monomania methods of providing for live stock
daring this winter. I may be allowed to my, thet the
leant economical way of meeting the difieulties of the
present memo will he to treat live stiek in the name
way we a General sometimes dom his soldiery, OIL, pat
them on half rations. The evil effects of this descrip-
tion of treatment is well known to you all ; is always t
be -eon on some farm.; and during the pest summer has
been demonstrated more widely than usual. they
thousands of the clue of sheep which usually gra into
the eastern sad other mantles, and are them converted
into mutton and lamb for the nixing supply of the
metropolitan markets, bane this year fallen victim, to
the local butchers.

Far above en s•erage breadth of trafoliam, winter Nita,
and tares have this year been .own for consumption by
sheep inch. spring.
With these fact. before us we can easily foresee that
sheep will be mash wasted bpaad-by, and that mutton
will be eery dear.
Will ii not then be the truest soonomf to submit to
the first sacrifice (if so it be) rather than allow our
flecks and herds to lose their condition and become de-
preciated in value ?

is sneer usicie pestles:son, I beg to remind you of that
homely proverb'A stitch in time mins nine."
(Applause.)
After the delivery of Hr. Homer's lecture, the
Csladasao said they were favoured with the couliony
of Kr. Spooner, who intended to follow tip the remarks
made by Mr. Rouser. He then galled upon that gentle-
men to lay his leiter* before the club.
Mr. SPOONER said b• was sure they must be of the
' sante opinion es himself, after the excellent paper they
bad beard read, that it was warmly nereesarf In
addition to having a greet gun on the subject before
them, that that gen should be doebleohotted ; bat it
had been .o well elsarged,and seek maple jostles done to
tie gun, that he should only take the libetty of putting
in small *barges of 'say shot by explodiag which might
bring down a few points not particularly alluded to. la
the coarse el hie lecture he maid that no nee would
deny that the present ens • most unexampled nira and such an one as had not been known for the
40 years. He found, by referring to his into stage,
that for the six mootha ending October 8. there had
bees only eight Inches of rain as compared with 17
loam during the corresponding six months of last year.
Many people were disposed to take a forlorn view of

the subject, and say that It was nsakee Is go oft with
the eultivthion of root., after Insuintet the groat see
Puns* of fillet.. and payment cif lb. rent amil
taxm of the laud, to which was added the espouse
of artificial manure, to see their hope, detheorth
and they decided that for the future they more
adopt some other principle so as to be mere
secure. That oras a plausible theory, but it riw
quip d close examination, and it would not do to true
to the result of any single year. He cootensled theS
there "ma no reason to expect that there woeld be emit
o wonky drain another year. It eoeld be proved, In
'pits of all that weld he endspied it, root;
next to gram, moth* ebespest food epos shish animal
could be fed, and there eould hi.. itheht thei tskins
the average of mesons the prime drain nada eat-
Dumber the blanks. He thit., however, this meson
would not be lost; for, atb.o they
_might have to the
bitterly for expedience, he bad no die In the
much profit would be gained; and oue fait would be
plainly drown that • great mistake had beim made Is
clqpreiereatedel‘;l77. yefeaTiereinte itiweesthgs nhoeelabdthieouPhirizrae4baulest mile& esseleadisigarde
miatleresillyirrikylywhadow:SthineeeiretwwbbiielrnaoeStatlit.....dee.weepractint4l:bedL;beenl.,6.lll:46:ly:
moment examine this question. They knew the qmontity
of roota which each sheep would eafteeme. The overarm
quaotity might be 15 or 20 lbs., het sientheth ef large
sheep had been known to oonsuste and wade 25 lbs.
each, If they took 20th.. whet did they Sod? That
the animal, consumed 8 lbs. of dry feed and 18 lb• el
water. WO/ this water desirahle ee sot? Grunting
that the 2 Do of food was the cheapest that smith be
given, the 18 lbs. of wathr we, not desirable but
absolutely injurious, as the 2 lbs. cof food west towarde
keeping the animal vans, 1.6114 the 18 lbs. of water to
making it cold. la further good of this be stated thee
• short time ago a friend of his who had seamed hem
the drought was 'compelled to draw water, sad 800
sheep drank five hogsheads of water, whisk we, at the
rate of only 3 lbs per day; therefore, whets their health
was entrusted to themselves they cooly sonsethed 3 lb•-.
but when antrasted to man 18 lbs. wen given. Them
were °onside:otiose worthy ot settee, sod no doubt
would opera** Iseritheially tor the Eaters. They eolith
not be at al surprised, cosaidering that the e
food for stock had foiled,to And that te:inis:3
been so productive, sad that large portions of this
were used for feeding sheep and cattle; bet at the OINIO
time it was unwise not to um those artificial foods while
in farming bad so greatly assisted agriedteriste. If by
thy system of combination they and others were to eay
they would not use them until they got down to each a
prim as would injure the Importers and manufacturers,
what would be the effect? The effect would be %teethe
capital embarked in that trade would rise.; that other
channel, would be found; and agriculture I. the end
injured to • far greater extent than it would be below.
fitted. There woo another point to eonoider, sad of
which they were well aware, that in order to thing
farming to a high state of cultivation, it was siettemary
to imosume • quantity of arttficid food on the fans.
Why was that? Demure the animal ejected • quantity
of matter which was of • high manuring value. They
might give their cattle a quantity of starch. mar, or
guoi, all of which were exceedingly 'double to make
flesh, but combined no value in the shape of =moue.
They required nitrogen to be of any utility. It was
therefore proper to consider, not what effect food would
have upon animals, but wh•t effect upon the artimale
in the first plate, and the land in the wood. After
some further remarks Yr. Spooner mid the oil whisk
elided in almost every kind of food was of the utmost
importance; and he could not understand the priest*
upon which any one eould argue the giving of food eon•
taming scarcely any oil at all. Oil had been estimated
at more than double the value of starch or sager. Why
was it net:emery to resort to food coding £l5 Of £l6 per
ton, when they eould supply the same matter in food
which cou'd be purchased from £9 101. op to £l2 per
ton—linseed cake. Fanners old their object was to
aa much oil as they could, but there was • very strange
idea in the minds of 71 per cent, of agriealtarida that
linseed waster more notritiou than linseed cake, how.
ever poor the seed might be; end he would undertake be
lay that that was the opinion of six, seven, or eight per
coot, of egrioultwists in general. But what was the
fact He referred to some experiments serried on at
the Duke of Bedford's, where certain ballooks were pet
up to feed. ono object of which was to test the moieties
vetoes of linseed ceke and linseed, when it waslsoeld
that linseed coke meal was superior to the
alone. Why was this the case? It was because they
might "apply more oil than the animal wanted. •
pertain quantity was thetheary for the system, and
would be taken in, but if more was give, than was
required, it acted se • stimulant, and purgation was the
coisequenoe. Mr Spooner brought his lecture to • close
by dwelling on substances which might be used with
advantage for feeding stock in lien of MOAN and
turnips.
A long diacumeoci *netted, in which all the speakers
admitted that • very valuable lemon had been hearth,
owing to the scarcity of roots, and that it bad been elearly
shown that heretofore they had given their cattle too
many roots either for the well being of the salami or
the profit of the farmer. Most of the speakers speed
that linseed WM far more profitable to fatten oft thee
linseed cake, especially at the promos high price, and It
wee senerlly admitted that good straw theff with other
substances was • good food for beasts.
A vote of thanks to the lecturen terminated the peo•
emidiage

Witrogmous Swell Sow, Woody
Compounds. OiL Ouzo Sr seam. aM. Fibre.
f• lion 5j cart ol)
this mixture, I lb.. lb.. s.um.
rooting £ll 56'1504 Zdr 1570 100 330
would eoututu.
besidesmoisture
. .

I ton lamed coke.
costing Ell ss, 1114. lba. lbs. lbs. The.
would oontain, , 538 268 851 115 190
besides moisture

: The barley is deeped in water for 48 b.mrs, then
put on • brick low 18 inches, deep for 24 boars. For
tkie neat 24 hours it remains 12 Mabee deep, and is then
used from the third to tba elth day. Fresh barley Is
wetted every third day.