The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1858-05-25 00:00:00

agriculture.

AGIIICTILTIIBAL DIPLOMA.—We understand that last
Wednesday three candidates presented theroaelves be-
fore the educational esaunnators for the diplomas of the
Highland and Agricultural Society. Of these, one was
from England, the other two were Bootchumn. The for-
mer was alone Bimodal—satisfactory evidenoe, at learnt,
of the impartiality of the asaminators. The quailed
candidate was Mr. Jacob Wilson, Manor House, Wood.
horn, Morpeth. We learn that this gentleman was
educated at Cirencester College.—North British Agri.

call ansi.
SPURIOUS GUANO. —Notwithstanding the facility, says
Dr. Voeloker, of detecting admixtures in genuine Peru-
vian guano by simple chemical means, fraudulent adul-
terations of this most important of all artificial manures
appear to continue unabated in some quarters. During
the last two months more than ten samples of fictitious
and of adulterated guano! were sent to Use for exami-
nation, which circumstance induces me to direct again the
attention of the membera of the society to the subject of
adulteration of guano. A comparison of the composition
of these adulterated manures with that of genuine Peru-
vian guano, will show how much money a purchaser
loses in buying such bad guano*, even if sold £2 or £4
less than Peruvian guano can be obtained from Mews.
Gibbs mid Co. At the same time it will be evident to
any one who examinee by the unaided senses the various
specimens how utterly unpussible it is for any one to
distinguish several of the adulterated gamma from the
genuine Peruvian. The foot is, the guano-misera have
acquired such skill in their nefarious practices, that nei-
ther by the touch, amen, nor the eye, the adulterating
materials can be detected. It inc common practice to
sift off the harder lumps in Peruvian guano, to mix the
fine dust most intimately with extremely finely powdered
chalk, gypsum, yellow loam, sand, or whatever the
adulterating material may be, and to add afterwards
the lumps of genuine guano, so as to give adulterated
guano the outward character' of the best Peruvian.
Th. expense to which fraudulent dealers go in preparing
in • sufficiently flue state the achnistures in order to
obtain • perfectly uniform powder with the fine guano
dust is very great; but if it be conaidered that often
guano worth only £4 per ton is sold at the full prim of
the best Peruvian, it will easily be conceived that a good
margin for profit is left notwithstanding the expense.
FLAX SOOISTY, BELFAST.—Letters alto the pros
of Flax-sowing say that generally, throughout Ireland,
there has been an indisposition to s-,w to the usual ex-
tent, owing to the very bad yield of 1856 and 1857. A.
lettorfroin Mr. 11. A. Cater, London, was received, com-
municating • discovery he had made, by which be OM
convert Flax-straw into s material fit for paper, and
I stating that from 18 tons of straw 10 tons of paper,
equal to that on which the Times is printed, could be
obtained. Ho referred to the importance of this dia.
covery, as hitherto it was of linen rags or from coarse
Flax fibre that paper has chiefly been made, while, by
working up the whole plant into • pulp, short and in-
ferior Flax-straw, which would not pay the expense of
steeping, drying, and soutching, could be profitably
made into paper, the material for which is now so scarce.
CULTURZ Or BARLEY.—A characteristic effect
of alternating the other crops with the barley has been
to leave inure available nitrogen from some source with-
in the reach of the roots of the latter, than when either
this same crop was grown continuously in succession, or
when &number of successive turnrip crops were previously
removed from the land. Barley then, like wheat,
requires characteristically what may be termed a nitro-
genious condition of Boil. It cannot, however, under
ordinary circumstances, bear such large amounts of nitro-
gen supplied WI wheat; though what it does require,
from the habit of the plant and its usual limited period
of growth, should be more confined to the upper -layers
of soil. For these reasons barley may often be taken with
advantage after a previous white crop, by a spring-dress-
ing merely of chiefly nitrogenious manure. In such oases the
direct addition of mineral manures, especially those con-
taining phosphates, will have s more striking effect than
upon the winter sown wheat. The effect of such
mineral manures is not only to increase the general
growth, but to bring the crop more rapidly to maturity.
The more frequent alternative is, that barley is taken
after a root crop in part, or entirely fed on the land. The
appropriateness of this course for barley rather than for
wheat, besides the advantage arising from the season of
the year at which the land is generally clear for the
corn, rests mainly on the fact that the manure by fold-
ing, with the subsequent light working of the land, is
more confined to the superficial layers of soil, in which
comparatively the roots of the barley play inure freely.
A disadvantage of growing barley after the folding of
sheep on turnips is, that with high farming the land
is apt to be thus left in too high a condition for the crop
to succeed well in the average of seasons; whilst, on the
heavier lands, there ii frequently much injury done to
the texture, rendering it difficult to get the fine tilth so
essential to the favourable growth of barley. Of direct
portable manures for barley, Peruvian guano, or salts of
ammonia, or nitrate of soda, either of them with a small
quantity of superphosphate of lime, are the best. Rape-
cake is also a good manure for barley, but it is generally
too high in relative price. These manures, as well as
purely mineral manures, are most advantageously ap-
plied before or at the time of sowing, so as to be some-
what distributed through the surface soil by the mechani-
cal operations. Is a mere top-dressing, nitrate of soda
is the best. Of the more exclusively nitrogenious
manures—salts of ammonia and nitrate of soda—the
nitrate acts somewhat more rapidly for a given
amount of nitrogen supplied. The action of the purely
nitrogenious manures is economised by admixture with a
small quantity of superphosphate of lime or other
appropriate mineral manure. Other things being equal,
the later the barley is sown the leas should be the pro-
portion of nitrogen in the manure, and the greater that
of mineral constituents, otherwise the crop is liable to
be too luxuriant ; and with a limited range of root in
the soil, it will probably not find mineral constituents
rapidly enough in the latter stages of growth for a favour-
able depelopment and maturing of the seed.

_ • . . •
• . .
THE DORSET COUNTY EXPRESS AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, TUESDAY, MAY 25, 185 g. 3
- '',GPORT.—The muter and fellows of Emanuel not be found, and the "policeman from London"
-"bridge, have presented the Rev J. Y. threatening to give the proprietor of the house into
fellow of that society, 'to the custody if anything were found m the chest which SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. r BURGLARS FOILED—A burglary was oomntitted at agriculture.
....___ Ceneral Idetus. the residence of Mr. Woolnough, of Halsted, on &due-
EPSOM RACES—TUESDAY,
' value £823, vacant by did not bear his name and crest. The examination The Craven Stakea, of 5 *ova smell, with 50 added, for day. The burglars obtained entrance by the back door,
lower part
of the the house and its contents having been completed, 3.yr-olds and upwards. REPRESENTATION OF NOTTINGHAM.—B is rumoured which was opened by
" eterrinkg"than
that, in the event of a dissolution of parliament, Mr. and then proceeded to renege e pa the AGRICULTURAL DIPLOMA.—We understand that last
Walter will not again offer himself as a candidate A house, collecting an old watch, silver spoons, a teapot,
-The an. some Madeira was ordered, and the pretended Mr. W. S. S. Craufurd's Zuyder Zoe, by Orlando, 4 Wednesday three candidates presented themselves be.
number of the electors are anxious' to secure the. ser. sod soma other articles. After devouring some bread
''at policeman remained till a late hour in the house, the yrs, fist 7lb (Wells) ... ... ..
_• •• ••• ••• ••• fore the educational examinators for the diplomas of the
Highland and Agricultural Society. Of these one was
1 vices of Mr. E. James, P.C. ; and others, we believe are
female members of the family being grateful to their Mr. J. Merry's Saunterer, 4 yrs, fit 7lb (J. Mann)... .1. taking stops to invite Mr. Cobden. We trust, however,
- for the manner in which Be had perforuied Mr. Howard's Theodora, 5 yrs, fist 81b (J. Goatee)... 1. boandthinnebeat,dtrhoneynithwen
na7nddedby,
the
islistth
wa bludgeon,
that before anything positive is attempted a goner
They awoke and raised the alarm, which the ruffians from England, the other two were ficotchumn., The for-
mer was alone Bimodal—satisfactory evidence, at least,
•-It convinced must be to him at all times Won by a head, a dead heat for second plan. meeting of the liberal electors will be convened. of the impartiality of the examinators. The muddled
.- duty. On leaving Dawlieh the The Manor Plate (handicap), of 50 sees. A SCHOONER RUN DOWN IN THE CHANNEL—Dover throat. An endeavour
eyes, and seising them by ttenntillininibief
in
mi.
Wool-
candidate was Mr. Jacob Wilson, Manor House, Wood-
-sity to call at the police- Sir L. Newman's Peter Flat (Bates) .., ... ... ... 1 Thursday.— The schooner Fleece, with a general cargo, attempted to suppress, by throwing popper in the ladies'
horn, Morpeth. We learn that this gentleman was
-, the town to keep • Mr. C. Dresser's Perjury, 4 yrs, 64 nb (Challoner)... 2 from London to Exeter, was run into by a foreigneducated at Cirencester College.—North British Agri.
' ^ had just plum The Woodcote Stakes, of 10 sovs. each, with 100 added. brigantine at ten o'clock this day. She immediately sankl men the 1 mark that "she
elicitedasa defirr°ilu.!' el
The scuffles awoken 11;le and Mrs. Wool- cull urise•
nw;ueghalseolumoutie,ibountf fbesfinieee aatill continued to resist, which
'"uruuull The second to receive 25 sees. out of the stakes. in deep water off Hythe. The captain and crew were wSpumous GUANO. —Notwithstanding the facility, says
saved, but with the loss of all their property. They are ug ! took the alarm and retreated by Dr. Voeloker, of detecting admixtures in genuine Peru-
' Mr. T. Parr's Merryman, list 7lb (Bates) ... ... ... 1 now at the Dover Sailors' Home, where every care is on which the burglars
.b .
Alexander's Kuig-M-Arms, flit 71b (R. Cotton)... '2 being taken of them which their destitute condition the back door, shattering the au 'which rd d
nister gua e
no ugh, who were sleeping in an adjoining apartment;
vian guano by simple chemical mesas, fraudulent vial-
terations of this most important of all artificial manures
the staircase, in their haste.
a free handicap, of 20 soya. each, with requires. sEpear to continue unabated in some quarters. During
200 added. A RACE AT SEA.—The steamers Arago and Saxonia, t e last two months more than ten samples of fictitious
1 which arrived at Cowes on Friday, the 14th, left New on Tuesday Mr. Potier, gontleman we.l known in
1 f recommendation and of adulterated guano! were sent to me for exami-
A Nies POINT.—At the Southwark Police Court
...
wegi- ment ...... ...... ..... '2 the district or the court, applied or a
York on the Ist inst. When they had both been at seanation, which circumstance induces mato direct again the
four days, the Arago got ahead of the Saxonia, andattention of the members of the aociety to the subject of
to the koreign-office for • passport, to enable a. ytobun'abg
--ith 30 added. fired two guns in triumph. In • few days afterwards, :woman. to proceed to Paris.
the Applicantlo esothieterodurt, he adulteration of guano. A comparison of the composition
' cm_ 1 the Resold& got ahead of the Arago, and fired three °.
u—forewe..liskwneowtitpeto k for a reoommendation
attended before it.en his of these adulterated manures with that of genuine Peru-
-2 gnus. They lost sight of each other from time to timeArian guano, will show how ranch money a purchaser
to the Foreign-oftioe forr'• passport,m to enable the young
the day as well as in the night; and at length theand
loses in buying such bad guano*, even if sold 22 or 24
''.. arrived at Cowes about four hours before the woman wihnobivweasof with hint to p e
his, d havin beenteedPuaroaitede. less than Peruvian guano can be obtained from Messrs.
. ' two ships together brought over nearly WGibbs and Co. At the same time it will be evident to
broughtaea .exii, in a convent at Norwoogd she was about to
-.tigers. be sent to Paris by that institution for the purpose of any one who examinee by the u.naided.senses the various
WIPE kluanla.—A tailor, undertaking a situation there. She was • native of
this country, and her parents had all her lifetime specimens how utterly impossible it is for any one to
' been married ninete,en,
.."..4 expected 14" resided in Southwark.—Mr Nukes the second clerk,
They were,
'leerrldideednot, consider that she dpiantutreipsheinsevvineraln. of
itaihefonadbaliste,
bbrantemid
migunsizinfaronimbatten
aoquired such skill in their nefarious practices, that nal.
t the young girl was a
'-miken timer by the touch, amen, nor the eye, the adulterating
hFenirenniini t.iinibnia.ntentd_thmatr.hepoutni
was. She was born in that parish ; her father was matenals can be detected. It is a common practice to
,oly • Frenchnian, but her mother was an English- sift off the harder lumps in Peruvian guano, to mix the
wr. Bonham baked whether her father had fine duet most intimately with extremely finely powdered
-.tired as a British subject I—Mr. Potier chalk, gypsum, yellow loam, sand, or whatever the
-..4 not, but the girl being born in adulterating material tnay be, and to add afterwards
'--. be in English subject and the lumps of genuine guano, so as to give adulterated
' ,or a ,pamport. The guano the outward ehersotere of the best Peruvian.
-4 douiluiled at
The expense to which fraudulent dealers go in preparing
- the child in a sufficiently fine state the admixtures in order to
and obtain • perfectly uniform powder with the fine guano
dust is very great; but if it be oonaidered that often
-flo worth only £4 per ton is sold at the full price of
ueruvian, it will easily be conceived that a good
Otis left notwithstanding the expense.
-v.—Letters as to the prospects
',v. throughout Ireland,
- to the usual ex-
-4 1857. A
' oom-
-
1,...._