The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1883-09-22 00:00:00

niisrel 1111 TC OM ljnielligrate,

HOME, FOREIGN, AND COLONIit..t-

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN ITALY, —The Arena re-
ports an interview with the Italian Minister
Grannuzzi-Savelli, during which the Minister spoke
of the penal code now in course of preparation, and,
on being asked if capital punishment would be re-
tained, replied :—"lt is not possible. Whatever may
be the private opinion of individuals there is not a
man in Italy who will assume the responsibility of
restoring capital punishment. I say restoring
because it has not been practised for so long a time,
"LITTLE PITCHERS," &c.—Auntie.---" Will Beetle
take his powder now if Auntie covers it with beautiful
jam ? " Bertie.—" I'd raver take the boo'fnl jam,
Auntie, wivout the powder." Auntie.—" Oh, but the
jam without the powder wouldn't do you good, dear I"
Bertie.—" Well, Mr. Masher said 'oo was real jam,
Auntie, an' he said 'on would be nicer if 'oo wasn't
covered wiv powder.—Fun.

EIPENSIVK PREMIUM. -" Dear " Forests. —runny
Folks.

THE TRADES UNION CONGRESS.—At the closing
sitting of the Trades Union Congress on Saturday
resolutions were adopted in favour of the following
objects :—Re-introducing next Session the Factory
and Workshops Amendment Bill, which applies to the
employment of young girls in iron-forging; the assimi-
lation of the Parliamentary to the Municipal franchise
in Ireland; the isolation of infectious diseases; the
federation of trades in Congress; arbitration in the
Lancashireszotton dispute; the protection of foreshore
and commons; a Bill to shorten the hours of labour;
and the repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts.
ABSENT•HINDED SIGHTSEERS.—The tourists and
others who pay visits from time to time to that
splendid and historically interesting building, the
Hotel de Ville, in the Grande Place in Brussels,
appear to have a tendency to leave behind them
articles of more or leas value, though of these the
greater number are naturally reclaimed within a few
hours, and are generally found and restored to the
owners, There was registered among articles re-
quiring owners duriog last month alone the following
rather extensive and miscellaneous list—thirty-eight
umbrellas and parasols, thirteen walking sticks, one
lady's fichu with pin, one lady's jacket, one ulster, one
cloak, one pair of shoes, one pair of stockings, one pair
of gloves, one Gibus hat, one shawl, two books, one
ordinary hat, one statuette, one musical instrument,
three fans, one cigar-holder, one watch chain, one
chaplet, one pair of spectacles, two baskets, one
carriage basket, one billiard ball, two hammers, and
one pair of pincers, a bunch of keys, two chairs, and a
footstool, an English book, pooket-book and prayer-
book, two letters, one railway debenture coupon, seven
purses containing money, one banknote, two watches,
a civic cross of honour, two silver teaspoons, one ear-
ring, two bracelets, one gold medal, one bag of rifle
balls, a bottle of wine, a perroquet, a portmanteau, an
apron, besides minor articles,
GERMAN COLONIES IN PALESTINE.—The Moniteur de
Rome has an interesting account of the German colo-
nies in Palestine. German influence in the East," says
this writer, was first felt in WO, and in 1872 some
families from Wurtemberg settled near Jaffa. As
farmers, makers of agricultural implements, and
carriage builders, the settlers have been highly suc-
cessful. The colony is perfectly independent, and
would be greatly extended if more land were ob-
tainable, Nearly at the same time a company of
Germans obtained land at Caipha, between Mount
Carmel and the ruins of Cmsarea. This colony has
developed much more rapidly than the one at Jaffa,
and has an organized government under the control
of the Consul. The colony is a model one, and their
land shows the superiority of their cultivation over
that of the inhabitants. A third colony has settled
near Jerusalem, close to the Russian hospice; the
members of the colony are principally traders, but
they are as prosperous as the others. The Sultan has
assigned the old monastery of the KniOts Templars,
near the Holy Sepulchre, to the Germans, and on I
April 7 Prince Frederick Charles took possession of '
the ruins of Cmsarea. Through the development of
the two first-named colonies the Syrian coast from
Mount Carmel to Jaffa will very soon be in German
bands

THE LIGHTING OF THE HOUSE OF COMIONS.—The
Edison electrio plant which has been used in the
House of Csmmons daring the past session has been
purchased by the First Commissioner of Works.. The
success attending this experiment has induced Mr.
Shaw•Lefevre to adopt the light permanently, and a
considerable extension of machinery is now being
made by the company. Next session, therefore, not
only the library and dining•rooms of the House of
Commons, but also the division lobbies, Ministers'
rooms, and precincts of the House will be lighted by
the Edison light.

FIRE IN A STEAMER—On Sunday morning a fire
broke out on board the steamer Ashleigh Brook, lying
in the Birkenhead D }cks. The vess4 arrived in the
Mersey from Algiers with a cargo of 10,521 bales of
esparto grass on Friday in last week, and almost ball
of it was discharged on Saturday. Upon the dis-
covery of the fire, which was amidships, several engines
were got to work, and the flames were kept below
decks. About 1,000 bales of grass were saved, but the
remainder of the cargo was either destroyed or greatly
injured. The steamer was also damaged. The
Ashleigh Brook was a fine vessel of 2,927 gross tone,
and 3251 t. long.

AN AFFRAY AT SRA.—The Italian barque Teresa
Olevari, from Rangoon, arrived in Cork Harbour on
Monday. The captain, whose name is Olevari, relates
the following story :—On the 7th ult. an able seaman
named Mondello Antonio made a desperate attack with
a razor on the chief mate, who was asleep in his berth,
and then upon the captain. The blade was securely tied
to the handle, in order to make it the more certain in its
deadly work. The chief-mate dischatged a shot at
Antonio, but the bullet missed its mark, and lodged
in the captain's leg. Antonio then rushed upon the
chief mate, who, however, fired at him a second time,
killing him upon the spot. The captain and the mate
are still suffering from injuries they received. They
cannot account for the attaok, except in the supposi-
tion that he became suddenly insane.

LABOUR IN MANITOBA. —The Daily News gives the
following extract from a letter received from a cor-
respondent in Winnipeg, dated August 22 :—" There
is a large demand for labourers for the Canadian
Pacific Railway, both on the portions in operation as
well as in construction work. Fully 1,000 are wanted
between Port Arthur and Calgary for surveying,
ballast trains, and sections, and 1,000 for construction
west of Calgary, for rockwork, grading, &c. East of
Port Arthur and north of Lake Superior large num-
bers are required. The pay for construction work
ranges from 2 dole. to 2i dole, per day (Bs. to 95.), and
on the line from Port .arthur to Calgary from 1 dol.
50 cents to 1 dol. 75 cents per day (6s. to 75.). Board
and lodging in both cases costs from 4 doh,. to 4 dole.
50 cents (164. to 18s.) per week. There is plenty of
room for farmers with sufficient capital to start witb,
and a good demand for farm hands at from 20 dole. to
30 dole. (24 to N per month. The reports from all
sections show the crops to be good, and in some
places exceptionally so, with favourable prospects for
harvesting."

A SINGULAR MODE OF IDENTIFICATION.—The follow-
ing incident is reported by the Belgian papers as having
occurred at the recent Ostend horse races. King
Leopold, who was present at the races, was talking
to some gentlemen of his suite, when an English gen.
tleman and lady passed by. The lady, pulling her
husband's sleeve, whispered, "the King," and the
Englishman calmly confronted the Belgian monarch,
slowly produced a number of coins from his pocket,
from which he selected a Belgian franc-piece for the
purpose of verifying the truth of his wife's statement.
After a long and minute comparison between the im-
pression on the coin and the original, the Briton
called out, with evident satisfaction, "Oh, Yes, it is
the King 1" King Leopold, who had watched
the scene, was highly amused at the process of iden-
tification.
THE REASON WHY THE SERVIANS ARE POOR.—Ac-
cording to an eastern legend, the nations of the world
assembled at its division in the centre of the universe,
casting lots by which their share was assigned to them.
Some, however refused to submit to a division by
chance, preferring to divide the world and its posses-
sions by an amicable arrangement. The Latins said :
"We will have our share in wisdom." "We want
the sea," said the English. The Turks demanded the
land, and France asked for gold and war. " We, "
said the Russians, 'want the mountainaand mines."
The Servians, being questioned, said: " We ? we will
think about it, "and to this day they have not come to
any conclusion.
A FITTING MONUMENT TO A HOUSEWIrE.—Dr,
Prime lute found an odd monument in Northern New
York. A good man had lived happily with an excel-
lent wife until they were well on in years, when she
died. He bethought himself of some fitting memorial
to place over her grave, and the happy thought struck
that him the square stove, by which they had been corn-
fortable through many long winters, would be just
what she would like to have if she had a voice in the
matter. He had the stove taken to the churchyard
and placed over the remains of his companion who
sleeps quietly underneath it.—Detroit Frce Pros,
ELECTRIC LIGHTING IN PARIS.—The Faure Accu-
mulator Company gave a banquet at the Grand Hotel
on Tuesday to inaugurate the lighting of the large
dining-room, with which so many Englishmen, are
familiar, by electric lamps. These appeared to
answer their purpose thoroughly. A large omnibus,
not on rails, but propelled by an electric accumulator,
was driven into the Grand Hotel court-yard at the
end of th- feast with so much facility as to convince
the huge crowd which the display drew together that,
as a means of locomotion, electricity might easily
supersede the employment of the omnibus horse.

THE IMPORTATION OF FOREIGN LIVE STOCK AND
FRESH MEAT.—The prevalence and rapid spread of
foot-and•mouth disease amongst cattle in so many
English towns is causing a considerable amount of
interest and importance to be attiched to the weekly
arrivals at Liverpool and other ports of foreign live
stock and fresh meat from the United States, Canada,
and other countries. The 6ne condition in which live
stock and dead meat is brought to this country from
abroad and the present scarcity of English meat
through the disease have caused an increased demand
for foreign supplies both in Liverpool and many other
towns. List week's arrivals at Liverpool of both live
stock and fresh meat from the Unitcd States and
Canada, were the largest of any single week for some
months past, and it is expected that the arrivals will
be unusually large for some time to come. The total
week's arrivals amounted to 4,127 cattle, 2,237 sheep,
9,307 quarters of beef, and SB3 carcases of mutton.
THE CHESHIRE SALT TRADE.—The monthly returns
of exports show that an unusually large business was
transacted for August. Brine sources keep low, and
the limit of supply has been fully reached. The
United States took 20,437 tone, against 16,554 in the
corresponding month of last year; the East Indies,
47,614 tone, against 39,999 ; Australia, 1,495, against
2,504; Prussia, 2,073, against 1,836; Russia, 5,077,
against 5,714 ; Scotland, 1,721, against 3,158;
Belgium, 4,238, against 2,871. The total exports
from the Mersey for August were 121,895 tons, against
113,550 tons, for the corresponding month of last year,
showiug an increase of 8,345 tons.

THE HUDSON RIVER TUNNEL. —The Hudson River
tunnel, which is being bored by the compressed air
system, is progressing better now than at first, and a
good part of the work has already been accomplished.
There are to be twin tunnels under the river, each
lift, high and lift, wide, and one of these has been
completed for a distance of 1,6001 t, from the New
Jersey side, and the other for 640 ft. The single
tunnel on the New York side has been advanced
1701 t., and is now fairly under the river. The
distance between bulkheads at the place of crossing
the river is a little over one mile, so that one tunnel
has been completed fr about one-fourth of the
distance, and the total length constructed is nearly
half the span of the river. In the boring compressed
air is used to prevent the leakage of water through the
sand and dirt from the top and sides of the tunnel,
until an iron lining can be put in place, and this is
then supported by heavy brickwork forming the walls
and arched ceiling of the completed tannel. Several
accidents have occurred from the blowing out of the
earth walls, but there appears to be less difficulty now
from such accidents than in the early stages of the
work.

A FAST INTKRNATIONAL TRAIN.—The negotiations
for running an exceptionally fast train, a so-called
" Blitzzug " (lightning train), from Paris over Mainz
and Berlin to St. Petersburg, are said to be so far
advanced as to convert the project into a reality (says
Iron). The carriages of the train will be supplied
with adjustable wheels, which will enable them to
travel on various gauges, From Paris to the Russian
frontier the same gauge is used, but there it changes,
and at the frontier stations, Eydtkuhnen and Wis.-
ballen, the wheels will have to be adjusted. Travel.
lers will thus be able to go the whole distance without
the inconvenience of having to change carriages. The
speed of the trains will be one, we believe, not hitherto
attempted on the Continent. It is to be 90 kilometres,
or M miles (without stoppage) an hour. The trains
are to be on the American pattern, including kitchen,
dining saloon, reading and drawing rooms, and all the
other comfortable arrangements so essential to modern
travelling.
TEE KrrcrlEN GARDEN.—The Gardeners' Chronicle
says the proper time is at hand to make the
main plantation of cabbage ; first dress the ground
liberally with manure, as this plant is a gross feeder,
and the quicker it is grown the better it will be. Dig
deeply and break the soil well as it is turned ever,
and at once proceed to make the plantation. If the
soil is stiff a good dressing of anything which will
tend to lighten the land is beneficial. The ground
chosen for the plantation should have a full exposure
to the sun, and be free from trees, which are OS in-
jurious to this and nearly every other crop in the
kitchen garden. Where a bed of brown cos, or
any hardy sort of lettuce was sown in July, ac-
cording to former directions a good breadth can be
planted some six inches apart on any sheltered
place ; they will come in for salad this autumn
before the endive, or to mix with it in the salad bowl.
The temperature has suddenly fallen, and one must
look around for protection to tender things. The first
torequire it will be French beans, which should have the
lights put on the late crop at once, and shut up early
every af terpoon to conserve heat for the coming night;
also make another sowing of some early kind to come
into use in November. The winter spinach will now
require thinning, and the hoe passed through it to
keep down weeds. Keep up a supply of mustard and
cress. It will Le better to sow it in boxes after this,
in case of early frosts. Any leaves which are trimmed
off the parsley bed should be saved and dried in the
kitchen fire-screen, it will sure to he wanted during
winter; and the same applies to sage, which is most
useful in a dry state for flavouring. Tomatoes after this
will need all the encouragement possible by removing
superfluous leaves, and the temperature must be kept
up in the pit or house wherein they are grown. The
late potatoes in many places will now be ripe and
ought to be dug, sorting them as fit for table and those
for seed. Pitting them in somewhat small lots is
generally considered a good plan, provided the pit is
made on the top of the ground and, if possible, in
poor or sandy soil, putting in a drain pipe or two for
ventilation. Remove decayed leaves from any growing
crop, and keep the hoe goin , hand-weeding where it
is not possible to do so; and let everything be kept
neat and tidy. If this is done there will be no want
of interest in the kitchen garden, besides it is most
necessary to get the weeds under before showery
autumn weather sets in.

Btia
THE FOOD SUPPLY OF BERLIN. —An intere •
picture of the food supply of Berlin is set otroi
memorandum lately laid before the municipal oPtor
of that city in connexion with a recommendatT'm
enlarging the market accommodation. Accordll
.yg_„l,l
this memorandum the yearly consumption of but etn
meat amounted, in round numbers, to 100,020a,v001
kilos; of fowl, &c., to 5,000,000 kilos • game, 1if61.,g,
kilos • butter, 10,000,000 ; cheese, 4:500,000 ;
9,500,001 kilos; fruit, 15,500,000 kilos; vegeteeflet,
9,000,000 kilos; potatoes, 39,000,000 kilos; freeb
2,500,1 00 ; smoked and dried fish, 1,6 'O,CCO e"
and 6,500,000 herrings.
COMPARATIVE! WEALTH OF GREAT BRITAIN AltD ha
UNITED STATES.—Statisticians have pronounced
United States to be not only pAentially, but acteto4;
richer than the United Kingdom. Countleg i'l3o
houses, furniture, manufactures, railways, ehiPPdOt
bullion, lands, cattle, crops, investments, and roa
is estimated that there is a grand total in the Igt.d
States of 49,770,000,000 dole Great Britain is creefirli I
with something less than 40,000,000,000 dole , or °elms
10,000,000,600 dohs. less the United States.
wealth per inhabitant in Great Britain is estireatqi
0;
1,160 dole., and in the United States at 995
With regard to the renumeration of labour, eFeu.' 56
the produce of labour to be 100, in Great Brinell to
parts go to the labourer, 21 to capital, and 23t0
Government. In France 41. parts go to labour, 1,-).4.0
capital, and 23 to government. In the United S'l,•"
72 parts go to labour, 23 to capital and 5 to Go"
went.
latest
THE ELECTRIC CHURNING OF WINE.—Tbe -
application of electricity is reported from San Vrell':•
co, where a series of trials are being conducted Ps*
store on Washington.street, under the supervision o,°:c,
deputy revenue collector, in order to prove that 13.1,,
tricity will in twelve to forty.eight hours give w'f„,
and spirits the mellowness that hitherto has been roe
duced by years alone. The manner in which it le n•
is as follows :—Two blocks of carbon wrapped ul3_,,a
flannel are inserted in the liquor to be purified, I_';',a
these carbons are connected with the positive.
' negative poles of an ordinary Brush electric rason'fd
Electricity is then generated by the usual means, he
the process of purification and refining proceeds.
chemical action upon the liquor is such that sell
purities are attracted to the negative carbon eover,ot
flannel. The excess of fusel oil also finds lodgul',
here, and i'when the cloth is removed, it looks es iLo,
had been steeped for a day and a year ie Tar Flat brte..,
It is asserted that the liquor does not lose proof &OM
the process. ,Light wines require about about 17„;
hours of this electric churning ; fortified wines are tufa
dered mellow in twelve hours, and the hardest
deadliest sample of alcoholic distillation is made
~_o°l'l6
paratively harmless within forty.eight hours. AS tple
are seven wineTroducing districts in California, entt.
total vintage this year is 12,000,000 gallons, the for
tance of this process is obvious.
THE TRADE UNIONS OF THE UNITED STAvinf,
There are twenty-four trade union organizations"; 1
the United States, and sixteen of them publish lien
papers for the dissemination of information concern
the trades they represent. The membership of ,
various organizations is about as follows :—Alrolgo,
mated iron and steel workers, 42,000; coal Inieo ;
36,000; cigar makers, 18,000; ehoemakere, 17,0'!
typographical union, 15,000; iron moulders, 1.4,0fe;
locomotive engineers, 12,000; telegraphers and 1'1'1;
men, 12,000; bricklayers aad stonemasons, 12,00',
firemen, 11,000; carpenters 6,700; railroad
tore, 7,000; glees workers, 7,000; lake seamen, 7,07ei
mule spinners', 5,000; granite cutters, 6,000; b°lo.
makers, 4,200; upholsterers, 3,500 ; German te'„, '
graphers, 3,000; metal workers, 2,000 ; stationer/ e"
gineers, 2,700 ; harness makers, 1,500; horse Bboeso,
2,500; total 247,600.
FRENCH COAL AND IRON.—The Roads Navigetll
and Mines department in Paris has issued an accolo_,,
of the production of minerals, including coal, &LIZ
the first six months of the present year in France. 'ls
quantity of coal raised in this period was 10,151.1'..
tons; the quantity of iron manufactured, 494,593 t 013,10,
and of steel, 254,593 tons. Oct of the 87 department 0'
40 produce coal, 49 iron, and 24 steel.
FIRE IN HOLYROOD PALACE.—Shortly after eletft.l
o'clock on Saturday night a sentinel on duty inPt,
gardens of Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh, had hie te
tention attracted to a reflection of fire from one cf
cellars at the sontle.west corner of the building. v•
the alar-n being given it was found that several begA
of shavings stored in the cellar had caught fire, I
the flames were extinguished with little difficulty.
portion of the building in which the fire broke outset°
that which is occupied by Royalty on visiting Edily
burgh, and the cellar was under the Throne Boon'
Inquiries as to the cause of the fire led to the cones'
sion that it was the result of an accident. The fir°
brigade was called out, and the flames were el'
tinguiehed before any further damage was caused thsn
the destruction of the shavings.
FRENCH PRISONERS.—The French Ministry of VI
Interior has issued a return showing that there are'sl,3
present under detention in France and Algeria 54,9
prisoners, of whom 48,150 are in France and 6,800 ;„
Algeria. The total cost of maintenance of this large
body of 54,930 people is 12 millions of francs Pe'
annum. The department of the Seine alone, whiebb
includes within its boundaries the great Franc,
prisons, has 6,100 prisoners. The number of juvenil!
offenders, who are kept in separate establishmente.
7,900 in Fence, and 150 in Algeria. Next year being
leap year, an extra day's maintenance has to be nrc'
vided for in the estimates for 1884, and this amounvi
to the very respectable sum of 35,000 francs.
SAD BATHING FATALITY.—On Monday an inquest
was held at Barmouth on the body of a young ros°
named John Griffiths, who was drowned while bathiei
on Saturday. Griffiths was a sailor, had just returne
' 0
home from a long sea voyage and was on a visit to
his mother, a widow. On Saturday afternoon he went
to bathe in company with half-a.dozen other young
men when by some means they fell into a hole in the
sands. The tide going out, a very exciting and
desperate struggle ensued, the young fellows being
carried out seaward by the tide. The struggle was
witnessed by several persons on shore, and much ex'
citement prevailed among them. With the exceptioe
of Griffiths, all the young men succeeded, by great
effort in reaching the shore; but the deceased
seized with cramp and sank. His body was carried
out to sea, and was washed ashore on Sunday evening'
The jury returned a verdict of "Accidental death."
THE LOST RIVERS OF IDAHO.—One of the most sin'
gular features in the scenery of the Territory of Idaho
is the occurence of dark, rocky chasms, into which larg°
streams and creeks suddenly disappear and are nevet
more seen. These fissures are old lava channels, Prc":,
duced by the outset of the molten mass cooling en°
forming a tube, which, on the fiery stream becoming
exhausted, has been left empty, while the roof of the
lava duct having at some point fallen in, presents
there the opening into which the river plunges and _
lost. At one place along the banks of the Snake, ons
of these rivers reappears gushing from a cleft high 013
in the basaltic wall.' where it leaps a cataract Into the
torrent below. Where this stream has its origin, 0
at what point it is swallowed up, is utterly unknown.
though it is believed that its sources are a long way 0/
in the north country. Besides becoming the channels
of living streams, these lava conduits are frequentlY
found impacted with ice masses, which never entirel/
melt.
WAGES IN GERMANY.—A discussion concerning the
rates of wages in the chief towns of North and South
Germany has brought out that the average weekl/
wages, the working day being 12 hours all throng's
the week, paid in Berlin to stonemasons vary froro
15 to 28 marks (the mark being equal to our shilling);
to turners about 20 marks ; gold and silver art!'
floors, according to the class of work upon which
they are employed, from 12 to 30 marks; belt'
makers, workmen in foundries, 12 to 18 marks; lock'
smiths, 15 marks; smith, 15 to 24 marks ; workmen
in machine factories, from 17 to 31 marks ; watch-
makers and soapmakers, 18 marks; tanners, 15 to 18
marks; linen and calico weavers, from seven to 18
masks; cloth weavers, from 10 to 20 marks; carpet'
makers, 15 marks ; joiners and kindred trades, 1,5
marks; butchers, 12 to 20 marks; brewers, 21 to at
marks ; tailors, six to 15 marks; female dressmakeres
seven to 12 marks; shoemakers 12 marks. A
Munich industrial journal commenting on these rates
observes that wages in South Germany are about equal
to the Berlin rates; but the cost of living and lodging
is much less.
AN AMERICAN OPINION OF THE ENGLISH POSTAL
SYSTEM. —The Hon. T. L. James, ex-Postmaster
General of the United States speaking on Tuesdll
night at a dinner given in his honour by the Hon. tie
F. Gillig at the Hotel Continental, said that, al'
though the English postal service was the best in the
world, there was still room for improvement. A daii9
mail between New York and London was imperativell
required in the commercial interests of both court.
tries. The fees for money orders and for regietration
should be reduced, and the facilities for the Parcele
Post extended, while the rate of postage on letter
between the two countries should be reduced to one
penny for each half .ounce.

THE HISTORY OF STATEN ISLAND.—The bi-centenar
of the establishment of Richmond County will short',
be celebrated, and in the meantime much new and
interesting light is being thrown upon the history Of
Staten Island. It has been proved by recent investi•
gations that the first "still house " in America Wee
erected on Staten Island in 1640, and that it was con.
ducted by William Hendrickson. The owner we
Director Kieft. of New Netherland, who, in the
middle of the 17th century, began the manufacture of
buckskin on the island. In September, 1840, the
Director and council caused to be erected at the
Narrows a flagstaff, on which a flag was placed when.
ever an incoming ship was sighted. This signal con.
veyed the news to New Amsterdam, and was the first
marine telegraph in New York harbour. The first
dwelling house on the island was built on the New
Brighton heights, known as Fort'hill, the bricks
having been imported from Holland. It is believed
to have been the dwelling of Da Vries, who lived ifl
friendly relations with the Indians. When the Indian
outbreak occurred in 1665, the island was greatly
devastated, but Da Vries's house and its c-uitents were
spared from injury. Another interesting eN ent 41 the
island's history, which will figure promm. I tly in the
celebration, is the first settlement of the Wa denims in
the year 1661. They were shortly aftery ard followed
by the Flugenots. The Waldenses built their first
church at Stony Brook, and the Huguenots their first
at Fresh Kill.
THE QUEEN AS A PEACEMAKER.—The newly pub'
lished "Autobiography of Thurlow Weed," the olio.
tinguished New York journalist, who was in England
at the time of the Mason and Slidell affair, asserts
that when the draft of the despatch demanding their
surrender was read by Lord Palmerston to the Queetif
and the consequences of a refusal explained, her
Majesty was startled and distressed at the idea of
war with America. Taking the despatch to the
Prince Consort, who, then in his last illness, was sitting
In his apartment, the Queen asked him to read it, sal;
ing that she thcluht the language and spirit harsh ano
peremptory. The Prince concurring in this opinieet
subjected the despatch to erasures and interlineatione.
in which amended form it was returned to the Premier'
In relating this incident to Sir Henry Holland, the
Queen added, "That was the last time the Prince
used his pen." Mr. Weed also states that on no fesver
than three occasions, during the first year of air
Rebellion, the Queen contributed essentially to the Pre
servation of peace. On two her Majesty discountett
anced suggestions•from the French Government whirD
meant war.

EVE

Author g

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