The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1883-02-17 00:00:00

OLD lIILL.

FILQ3ECUYLOYS UNDER THE FACTORY AND WORK-
mop, A.cr.—At the PoHoe Con; t on Wednesday,
before Ilessrs. B. Hingley, C. Holcroft, and H. A.
Wiggan, Ja nes Holloway, rivet maker, Hacket
Sreet, Blackheath, was summoned for employing
a child Eliza Holloway t) work after seven o'clock.
Mr. Jor.es, the Inspector state 1 that on the 12th
nit. he visited the defendant's wori:sliop. at 8.5-5 at
night, and saw Elizabeth Holloway (12) at Nst ork
making nails. A fine of Ss and costs was inflicted.
—Samuel Foster, nailmaker, of Rowley Village, wa4
summoned for employing J.ine Foster, a child the
age of twelve years. He was fined 103. and costs.—
Xeshach H,ckett, rivet maker. Blackheath, was
summoned for empl tying Mary Ann Hackett (18)
after 9 o'clock at night. Mr. Jones said that at 9,80
on the niAt of the 12th ult. he visited the defend-
ant's shop where the young woman was blowing.
Defendant was fined Ss. and costs.—Thomas Smith,
chainmaker, High Street, Rowley, was summoned
for employing his son Thomas Smith (12) after 7
o'clock at night, and was further charged with em-
ploying So!otnon Small (13). Mr. Jones found the
two boys at work at 8.45 at nigh 6. Defendant was
ordered to pay the costs in both case —Samuel
Moseley, nailmaker, of Rowley Village, was sum-
monedfor employing Betsy Nioseley after 9 o'clock
at night, Mr. Jores found the girl at work at 9.50
on the night of the 12t1, tilt Defendant was fined
5s and costs.—An old woman named. Morgan re-
siding at the Barracks, Rowley, wa%snmmoned for
employing Jane Mor4an (42), Bliz +both Morgan
(46) and Sarah Morgan (23), after nine o'clock a.t
night. Defendant was fined is and costs in one
case, the other two being withdrawn.

OLD HILL INSIITITTE4
•

" The En ;lish Reformation " was the suljeW; of
a lecture delivere,i by the R..v. W. Atkinson, L LB
ia coanecti ii with the abovo Institute n lunay
las:. Mr, W..Bassanu occupied the chair.

The lectuter supposed that if an ordinary student
of history we e askcd what hoinelint by reformvtion
he would say that he meant the severance of tle
Church of England from the Church of Rona: VIA
to k place in the reLn of Henry VIII. lie would
say that he meant the bep,ration that began with
a quarrel that our king (ilu. VIII) iad with the
"rze, which was compiut,xi ul the reign of Edward
That would bo true, because, althpash the

immediate cause of the severance was the
that Henry VIII had with the Pope, he hope't,
shew them that there were causes at work
ing the reformati n and : that reformers I,io
fully 2 0 years before that, and God, in his wisia.,
directed the various things that were occurringt'
time to time towards thatame issue—the freehlt
our Church and nation from the tyranny' 9'll
Roman bondage. The date of . the accessi° t
Edward VI wae 154.9, but before looking• ce
b reformation, which, according to history, as,,e
pleted in his reign, they would go back 20`' 'tee
before his accession. There were reformers et
_te
and during the whole of the time—the eabole e
200 years—there were causes in existence ;ll'
resulted in the reformation in the reign ol 4 ,
V.I. The first reformer, who is called" n'iitt
ing star of reformation," was Wycliffe. 1111,0
who was a determined enemy of Friars,
work against them in 1356, and in 1366 was '
from the archbishopric of Canterbury. There
other questions that came up about that tigle'are
1365. the Pope, Urban V, demanded the erre
tribute that had been forbid to our King
the papacy. The question was referred t°
meata and Parliament said that King John
rieht at all to make a grant of the tribute •
Pope, witheut the consent of Parliament. 1115'tiP 7:
wile was noteci in all controversies of thie 00 ,
defended the answer and said it was perfectlY
That increased his number of enemies aceollfea 1
Friars, Then came the quastion of Peter's ~
It was originally a charitable contribution of nPed,"
from every family, paid annually on the fees,t,,. t
Peter. That, like the tribute of King
fallen very much into arrears. This quest'"•-at'
referred also to Parliament and Parliamentsni4
as it. had been originally a charitable CO
it was lawful for the kingdom to suspend the
meat of:that which had originally been a fr.eerAi;
Wycliffe said that answer was sound. Thlbel
the anger of the Pope against him. In 1382. ,
to retire to the rectory of Lutterworth, in Vic.
shire and there temained until his death,
took place tn 1384. His fol owers increased,
ally and of course did the anger ef his eneinii±
. was attacked with paralysis whilst presehieg;
' church and the .Romans said that it was 5
m-nt upon him for his treachery to the true'
they as Protestants did not believe that.
one, foremost among the followers of Wych'
a London clergym in, who suffered nit;
being brought to it by the Archbishop 01 ‘;
bury. There was another noted referra?r
1/144
reign of Henry V, Sir John Holdcastle, NO° s 1;
martyrdom at St. Giles in the Fields, being te
from a gibbet in chains. There were martirp;
down to the time that the reiorma.tion was sne,rt
to have taken place. The chain was
broken. Fox Fox gives a list of above 20 who c,
martyrdom during those years for confe°ll,l3o`ir
true faith, and protesting against the et'etli
Rome; and the only time when there was g'l,..' '
like rest daring that 200 years was just tl,
when England was engaged in war with 1
during the reign of Edward 111 and HenrY
the tune when there were internal dissentionSeai
the people in our country—" the war of tbe Glal
Just as there were the men, there were the
leadiog to the reformation. The immedinte/ 4.
0
of course, was the quarrel between our king ‘„f 1
Vlll)a.nd the Pope, concerning the divorce yot
king from hes wife. 'Those causes we:e, soul'
not of a distinctly religious character butt
questions thar, appealed to the feelings of the- ,
as levers of their country. They were
questions ; questions that affected the -odre,
of the nation and the prosperity. of the 4
as citizens. They were not all religi°lls oil
tons. For instance, take the first T
the Papal Authority of England. „ne
was iuterfering with the national inn" I
ence of our natioa. Thera was another thiggi,
also tende I to op n the eyes of the people tf,t
abuse; that was the quantity of moneY ttsii,
taken out of the kingdom by means of ece',e
c dipersons. The Pope claimed all patronatio
the persons employed by him had to give ',-
sorts of taxes. From 1309 to 1409 the Pogreile
Frenchmen,land did not reside at Rinne. .tt
sided in a town in France, and France at te.'
caig
was engaaed in pod:it:al rivalry with .M
e 5
. Those were not at all relieious questi°; 1
- political causes, They were causes used '41,0
and tended toward tha reformation wh :
ich
,0
come in God's own time. The third el-nisioe
prerogatives of sanetuaries. They were 2..,i'oeet
which people, who had committed crimes,
protect' is when once they managed to renc'el
Mat interfered wite all justice. Another call.
the pride and the luxury ef the higher ecclel
They were sworn not to have anything to el°,
pomp or pride. but their pride and luxtirie`bi
enormous. Another was that most of the'
offices ot the state was held by clergyinetve!,,
neglected their proper sphere of duty ,'"
charge of them. None of them were -
religious causes. 'l'urning to the religious
he said that there were many fuse doctrloe,oll;',
idolatry existing. There were the pilgri3 1
with all the vice and abomination connecteo
them ; the sale of pardas ; purchasing ilici I
for sin; and many other doctrines of Rome. ;,ti:
there was the translation of the ect'tls'
Wycliffe translated the scriptures in 1350 cr, a
abouts IVnen the scriptures were tranelet'eh.lv
the mother tongue of the people the desl.;
was struck to the superstitions of Rome4pel
more that Word was circulated the more '
were able to see them. When the scriptur;"„-t, '
first translated it was all done in nianuello,
in 1410 printing was discovered, and the° ve,-S0
ber of copies of the scriptures were very giuty
tiplied, and the dissemination of the ec.jeti3;
wonderfully increased. Those were causelaily.;
to the reformation, and were in existence ;nil
1
years before the popular date of the Te"-4,,
viz., some time in the reign of Henry Y 'tee
that time they found all those causesterse ,
to the reformation, in full force, and of
it may. be asserted that that was the t"-cbl
brought about so important a change, Yet,;:balei
of them contributed to it partly, and- the 'it t9l
them produced it. The thing which pu,,,t'
springs in motion was the divorce thatfr)
sought to obtain from the Pope—the divol IA
his' wife. In 1528, kink Henry, after he
married 18 years, began to feel aotne scrunar
.;
the legality of his marriage. He was enc"stat't
by Cardinal Wolsey, and sent to the POP° fori
his scruples about his marriage, and Buhl e I
divorce. '[ha Pope, unwilling to disl3) f"
Emperor, who was nephew to the queen j,
land, wouid not give :1 decided answer, g° „, y,
keeping Henry in suspense for more One
sent a Car' ma! min nal to England to detere ,
,-,t t '
validity of the king's marri lee. It wnet,,,; 01
time that Crennaer came into notice. 08
time
into notice becau,e he made a suerceetion e, .e.
order ta se tie true tn e q-stion it should be re;`,l,/ '‘
the Rincipal Universities. Delay after
made by the Pope and clergy and t-,ao yeairfot
without the matt e. being at all advauceut AO
1532 the king solemnised his marriage "itli e e
Boleyn. To the very last the king desired 1,0.
ssogeo act
.
on weal terms with Rome, and sent inel.
justify his conduct. Ti:ese messengers wed el"'
dentaly delayed in going to the Pope 3° (pore
reconciliation too late. :lie Pope issued a rrio
confirming the legaliey of the king's first fee: 10
Henry VIII thought that his AmbasSacin fee
been treated with contempt and was filled "`ther',;
111'1534 Parliament put aside the papal 811 r ci,'•
and gave it to the king. They were Peell-alt t'l,
cumstances tending toward the reformation
lila ft
point of its history, and he thought they wed Cr(
the hand of God in them. Its proaress wsThe',l
ti ary to the expectations of human foresie"apsoti
was the king, who wrote iii favour of WI
and yet he was the one who did away ~t'''
supremacy in England. The separati°e l
,-aa i
Church of England from Rome ought to 03"-tlee"
the period of the divorce in the reign of a tt
VIII, but during the remainder of that reiaticer,
progress of the reformation .seemed rathersdal.hr
tam n and very little was effected. In 1547
VI ascended the throne at the ago of tog
Lord Seymour was appointed his nrotectoroto!,
favoured the reformation, and joined with vrie„er.l
mer in forwarding its advancement. The tile
pal measures carried during that reign wem tip ,
mation of the prayer-booic and the drawing alter:3,
42 articles, frem which, with some slight targi.ee
tions, our present Thirty-nine Articles nr,c c
,„nTi:
The king died on the 6th July, 1553 • tu:- 'J.:
queen Mary and the work was all lin'd°h-.opel-e'
country was reconciled to Rome, and ficerenearq'
cution was set on foot, and the number ei
was as high as 500, Latimer and gidloY os 0
among the first who perished. Her vigil • tbe
short one and Elizabeth came to the throlef:ceoure
it is said that the reformation received its,e d ile
plishment. He thought if they ontuPsciea t;
state of things in the time of Wycliffe, w",,,. eei),;
reformation movement was begun, with °‘:00, i
dition siuce the completing of reforinatosi I
must acknowledge that it was the greateSt to3tll
that the law ever conferred upon our c°
tbi
(cheers), 1
The nsual votes of thanks were
lecturer and to the chairman,
and the
terminated. ln

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DIED.
BONKET C.—.. 011 the 14th inst , at Brixton,
est ot
it his second year, Percy William, Y°lllllg "cj;
of G. H. Bowkett, Fliends will pli!ase
this i.t.iinatiou.
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