The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1876-02-05 00:00:00

. ---,11111011

British song-birds and British sheep and cattle have
been acclimatised to the Antipodes, and now an effort
is to be made to stock their streams with a supply of
valuable food. Both Australian and New Zealand
are anxious to see the king of fish floating in their

hang up far ahead (I hope) this ugly but true warning upon a
certain path which all mortals of us ought to avoid and
abhor much more than we do at present. Wishing you
heartily well, I remain (in much haste), yours sincerely,
T. CARL 1 LE.

of course, although registered, would have no binding
effect, and in respect to any infraction of the provisions
of the Life Assurance Companies Acts, the trade union
might become liable to penalties. The registrar thinks
it important that the attention of trade unions should
be drawn to this. It cannot again be too clearly under-
stood that section 5 of the Trade Union Act, which enacts
that the Friendly Societies Acts shall not apply to a
trade union, and tha the registration a trade union
under tho I. ze cts be void, has ffect of de-
priving of lega sanction any es of trade
unions fo , enefits in sickneas, old Age,. or at death.
rbo ml of 110, and alterations of the rules of 171
budding sociejles, were certified aring the year 1874.
InAccordanee with the Buildir Icieties Act of 1874.
thCX're,,ister applied to all cleiks the peace for tran-
, J . ' '
ampts of. the rules of certified io DtiesAkarolled .und
L n repeated Act of 6 and 7-wlll. mire. 32 ;I,brit as
regards several counties the application was not corn-

producing any unpleasant or even appreciable cold sen-
sation. In a closed apartment, with roof ventilators
to remove promptly all hot and foul air, the rink can
at all seasons be cool and comfortable without any
draughts. If the ice were in the roof of the building
the cold would be unbearable but from below upwards
its effects are practically nit.' There is no dust, no dirt,
no sloppiness, and no unyielding material to fall upon,
like asphalte. Sonlicsit of the scores of people who
have tried this ice halli fallen iethout sustaining the
elightest bruise or unComfortabbwallock.—The Sanitary
Recordn '
`."
• EPI OPAL PATRONAG_
The following is an answer to- a letter addressed by Mr.
Enhule-Evans to thb Bishop of Peterborough on the question
or Episcopal Patronage (says The Times)

own waters, and there is no apparent reason why the
salmon should not live as well in that climate as in
California or here.

PROFESSOR LEONE LEVI ON "WORK
AND WAGES."
In London,' on Saturday afternoon, professor Leone
Levi delivered the fourth of a *ries of lectures on
"Work and Wages," in the Theallre of . :'s Collegt;
The Rev. Dr. Barry, Principal of ' i Co
tools- the cW' ,at four o'clock/ at • holel
numerous andience, mainly composed of the artisan
class, had assembled. The Lord Mayor of London
entered during the proceedings, and was very warmly,
received. The lecturer began by observing that It _
could not cause much surprise that masters and
men engaged in industries of a complex character
should at times find themselves involved in dis-
agreements. The marvel rather was that such
disagreements occurred so seldom, and that they
exercised, comparatively speaking, so small an in-
fluence on the general industry of the country. Force
was at best a:dangerous remedy, even in a righteous
cause. What criterion could they take of the justice
of a cause where there was no inalienable right? The
labourer was undoubtedly entitled to his wages; but
when they came to the point of what the labourer
should get, they came to another question. The right
to resist and the cause by which resistance ivasjustia,
fled were two different things. Some workmen said
that a strike was the only remedy they had in tile&
hands against unjust masters, and they asked what
eLse could they do, affirming that if masters, pre-
suming on the weakness of the men, set wide all.
considerations of moral duty, and enforced cqndi-
tions which the men could not accept, the bleu
had a right to say, "We will cot work on your
terms, we must strike." Against such considerations
he besought !them to be mindful to place this im-
mediate sacrifices thereby involved the
,Injury
caused to large multitudes, the disorganisation of in-
dustry, the hatred engendered, the doubt of success in
the struggle, the loss of wages and of savings,-the re-
sult often of long-sustained, efforts of economy. His
advice would he, 'Ere you strike, I pray you to count
the cost." He should be glad to see a greater spirit of
conciliation between masters and men in these disputes.
If this principle were observed great misgivings and
prejudice might be saved. He should be glad if
masters would be more considerate in their commum-
cations with their men, and if, when the workmen sent
a deputation to the master, it should be composed of
the most trusted men in the employment. Was it not
desirable also that the rules of the different trades-
unions should be more complete? When a strike
had commenced there was little chance 3f the obser-
vance of courtesy between the parties. The time
when the strike happened was for the most part incon-
venient for the master, who was, so to speak, at the
mercy of the employ e. When the workmen struck they
had no right to interfere with- others of their fellows
who might take their places. If they tried to force their
fellows to act otherwise than they wished, to intimidate
them by any deed or word which should create fear,
they would commit a wrong which might expose them
to criminal proceedings. A reference to past strikes was
not very encouraging, tiewed in connection with good
results to the workmen. A few strikes had been suc-
cessful, but many more had failed. But supposing
the strike to succeed, they must work a long time at
the higher wages to recover what had been lost
during the time of struggle. Taking the case of the
Erith strike, Messrs. Easton might find good workmen,
but not men as exactly fitted for the work as their pre-
decessors. Meantime the fixed capital of the master
remained unprofitable, so that the loss might be as
great to the master as to the workman. But there was
the danger that machinery might be discovered to
supply the place of other labour, and again there was
the danger that the particular industry might be trans-
ferred to other localities. It might be true that, upon
the whole, foreign competition had not gained on
British industry, but the danger remained, though it
might not be so imminent as it had been. As the
labouring population sought to gain more from pro-
duction, the struggle between capital and labour might
be more frequent, but might they not expect a greater
disposition to remove sources of quarrel, and to settle
disputes by arbitration or conciliation? It was the
essence of arbitration or conciliation that when
matters in dispute were referred to other persons the
parties should be bound by the decision, whether iii
favour of or against them, provided the award
be confined to the matter strictly submitted to
them. With reference to co-operative enterprise,
the efforts made in this direction had not been
so successful as might have been anticipated in some
quarters, anti a d)fficulty had been found in apportion-
ing the rate of wages. He laid it down that there was
no royal road to wealth. The workman must be a
small capitalist before he could hope to profit from the
benefits of capital. Production on a small scale had
little chance as compared with production on a large
scale. What was wanted was to eeeure in the
labourer sturdy will, patient endurance, strong hands,
cultivated mind, refined taste, and moral habits and
principles. He trusted they might look more to boards
of conciliation as a means of bringing disputes between
masters and men to a settlement. He would advise
the working men to cease to quarrel with capital, to
strive to make their labour more productive, to sharpen
their wits, to strive to preserve what they had, and if
they did BO they might hope for ultimate success. At
the conclusion of his address the Professor was loudly
cheered. —A discussion then followed.

g S
cf
ci

IE.

Iltireeviith. The dt ,uments -received showed a total
t number of 5,157 societies. The number o ertificates
is orporact,iordue,4 to "giitiDhysliOr 187 was
was
t . a he ac ts,ftignisl4d. bAt irilildi s ieVes
.... r ie ifb shnwedithetotil receipts td be „6C4.'
The Building Societies Act, it is to be feared, has only
introduced new coroplAitie's 4itollie Wuxi. respFtesl
Ims important class of bodies. The number or in-
clusjtialt fiFderovit- 'lcieties malAngiretnras fullhi
,eill-gasjloll* ‘ ther IA jnexitheis 351,821,

I do not adminieter my patronage upon any
iiyitem,' if by.. that word be understood any fixed
u Le or order of komotion, as, for instance, that of
n ority. .I.'o do so.would, in my opinion, be a viola-
tion of the one peat principle which should govern
every act of patronage,iyhether....episcopal or ea
titter patron is simpi,
trustee for the spiritual interesti of the parishioners,
and that to these interests all other claims or alleged
rights whatsoever should ttg completely subordinated.
AlieiTght parishioners to the best and .fittest
pastor that I can find fer, them ik.the.only vested in-
terest orriAE.thitTrlcari.reaogtnize in-the ca.se. To bet
up against thisthe claim of seniority—that is to say, thd.
'.erest of a class or order—would, as it appears to
:,re, be as real; if not as great, a breach of trust as it.
Would be to set up against it the interests of a single
individual, on the, ground of(relationship or of private
friendship. Other things being _equal, the claim of •
long service rendered to the 'Unroll, provided it r
also good and faithful serviee, should undoubtedly have
the fullest recognition ; but the claimpf fitness is to me
first and paramount to all.others. Of two clergymen
of equal personal merit, but of unequal standing, one
may be physically equal, the other physibally unequal
—one may be, for various reasons, exceptionally
,fitted; the other,, fox various reasons, exceptionally
unfitted—to "deal with, the particular requirements
a particular. parish. , To apppint the unfit man,
,wever personally meritorious, on the ground of
seniority, and to pass over the fit man on the ground
of juniority, would, in my 'judgment, be an act
of injustice to the parishioners, in choosing a
pastor for whom I am bound, in the words of our
Church, to have respect to the greatness of the cure
and the.'lneetness •of the party." Patronage ad-
ministered on till* Principle of fitnees,will, I fear, be
always especiallytespobed tO the chargé of capriole,and
Injustice, and will certainly ,not 'move ! in. any. very,
definite or ' easily-calculaterlorbit.' I an only be
justified by its results, and the patron must mean-
while be contented to endure ranch undeserved
obloquy, as well as to incur much 'care and anxiety,
and often deep personal pain, in making his choice
from among many deserving men—obloquy, anxiety,
and pain from which adherence to almost any fixed
routine of , promotion would have saved hiro: .It is,
however, the only principle which I can con-
scientiously follow in the discharge of the difficult and
invidious sieties of an Episcopal patron."
.1 • •
•••
(T•) et'
;..illisttuant• yaftitignut.

rdinafed.-
Lsbterve6l46l3"lll3°

1 at ~
i Duke

• H9)12, AREIGN, AND COLONIAL.
•
THE SCUTARI CEMETERY.—Mr. C. E. Howard
Vincent writes to The Times_ from 2, Paper-buildings,
Temple
"So much was said as to the State into which the nation
had allowed the Crimean cemeteries to fall, that the friends
of these who sleep in the English Cemetery at Scutari may
be glad ta learn how perfect is the condition in which it is
maintained. Sergeant Lyne, late of the Royal Engineers, is
the custodian, and he makes the most of the lovely site over-
hanging the blue Marmora. Hardly a grave is without
floral surroundings, grass neatly mown, and paths without a
weed. I visited it recently, with a Turkish officer of the
Staff, and he was struck, as well he might be, with the dif-
ference between the care bestowed by Christians on the
graves of the departed, and the utter ruin of the Mahomedan
cemeteries hard by. Acre upon acre they stretch, in hideous,
fearful chaos. I took coy companion at once to the tombs of
the officers of my late regiment who had died of wounds or
disease on the Asiatic shore. 'ln vain,' he said, 'might I
thus look for the resting-plaoe of a friend,' rhe building
which wee used as a British hospital is now occupied by the
Ist Regiment of Imperial Artillery—a very fine corps ; and
, the room which Miss Nightingale made use of is pointed out
with interest to aU visitors."
ANOMALOUS.—In India they call a lack of
_Tees riches. What a lax way of talking I—Fan. •
ACCIDENT ON THE CAITHNESS COAST.—Mr,
John Mackie writes to The Times from the North ern
Ensign office, Wick, North Britain :
" I have so often had proofs of your readiness to make
jour columns the means
.of benefiting the suffering, that I do
not hesitate to crave space for bringing under the notice of
your readers the sad calamity which betel a fishing crew off
this coast on Thursday. Six men perished on that occasion.
'Frye were married and have left widows and 26 fatherless
children, the greater part in infancy, and all in poverty.
Thirteen children, every one young, are under one roof, de-
prived ef two fathers. One man has lost two ions, a son-in-
law, and a brother-in-law, and generally the whole of thel
mourners are vei y closely related. 1 have no doubt the sad
case of these bereaved little ones will awaken sympathy in
the hearts of many of your readers ; and having, on numerous
former occasions of a like nature, had practical proofs of the
feeling which such calamities awaken in England, I have no.
doubt that on the circumstances being thus brought under'
public notice, many will respond to this appeal, and enable
me to send temporary relief to the poverty-stricken widows
nd fatherless children."
THE PRINCE oF WALES AND THE " NYLGHATY:"
—Mr. W. H. Gedye writes to The Times :
" The many readers who saw in your impression of Satur-
day last that the Prince ol Wales, at Bhurtpore, had, in
addition to a number of wild deer, brought cloviii several
hylghaus, may have been somewhat puzzled as to what
nylghau was As an old traveller and sportsman, will you
permit me to give a brief description of this noble animal!
The nylghau, the antilope pieta of naturalists, le nil gaut of
Buffon, is a splendid species of antelope. It may be said to
be peculiar to India, and was formerly indigenous in the
Province of Guzerat. It is larger than any ruminant of that
country except the ox, being of much greater size than the
deer. It has tapering horns, and large and beautiful ears,
which spread out to a considerable breadth. It has an ashen ,
gray colour, and its height is about 41t. lin. at the shoulder.
It is generally tame and gentle, though fierce in the rutting ;
season. When the males fight, they attack each other with i
the greatest violence. In the days of the Emperor Aurung-
zebe they abounded between Delhi and Lahore, and they
were once objects of chase with that mighty Monarch. The
Esistern Sovereign was in the habit of sending quarters of
the nylgban to his chief courtiers, • which they considered as
a greater delicacy•than the 'finest venison." • - •
•••• • . •
" SPELLING BEES;"--Sir Charles Reed Chair-
min orthe London Scho"oklio'ird, presided on Mon- ,
day night at a " held at Finsbury
Chapel In opening the 'proceedings he-said that he,.
looked upon the introduction of the "Spelling Bee"
in this country as an educational experiment which
would certainly produce useful results. He had been
to America, where the orthographic game originated, '
and he could say that it had done a great deal to im-
prove the popular knowledge of English. It was a
singular fact, but one easily accounted for, that many
educated Englishmen, men of high attainments other-
wise, were often weak in their spelling. This arose
from the peculiar construction of the Englishlanguage„
in which the spelling so often-gave no indication what-
ever of the pronunciation. TZat made for many people
the same difficulty as that which beset Dicken's old
lady, who declared that she. knew her letters very well,
hilt it was the putting them together which bothered
her. He hoped "Spelling Bees "would extend,- and
that they would soon have other educational games--
geographical and-historical games, for instance. Such
pastimes, in public and in the family, would,' he held,
be more healthy," useful, and elevating than the
sensational amusements in which young people now
indulged.

I timed th
wonlC

CREMATION.—" R. F. M." writes to The
Times, under date, Milan, January 22
"To-day at two o'clock, in presence of a distinguished
party, includirg the authority, nobility, Professors,
engineers, and the Press, the remains of the late Sig.
Alberto Keller, a most distinguished citizen, were consumed
in the new cremation furnace just completed in the great
Cemetery. The process was quite successful in every
respect, and not merely young Italy, but many of the old
school, are in favour of cremation. From the rapidity of
the process, and cheapness of it, especially to corporations,
It is likely soon to be universal, at any rate, in Italy." •
" ONLY ONE !"—Naturalist's hobbies are
verbially unpleasant to their neighbours, and the
scientific researches of the late Professor Agassiz
caused his wife many a pang (says the Graphic). One
morning when Mrs. Agassiz was di essing, she awoke
her husband by a scream. "What is it?" cried the
professor, starting up. "Wiry, a snake has just
crawled out of my boot," replied poor Ms. Agassiz,
trembling. "Only one, my dear?' said the professor,
calmly composing himself to sleep again, "there should
lave been three." Ile had placed the reptiles in his
wife's boots to keep them warm.

THREE EXCESSEg OF 7 HE DAY: --Drink ! ! !
Ink! ! !—Punch.

MILITARY ECONOMY. —Thp Army and .Navy
Gazette says :—" As public attention has been lately
drawn to the expenses of -British officers, especially,
in connexion with the mess, our readers may be in-
terested in learning how a .sub-lieutenant: Of French,.
Infantry lives. His pay is,
,including lodging allow-
ance, 2,600 f., or £lO4 per annum, and very few French
officers of Infantry regiments have more than their
pay. He can seldom, in large garrison towns,
_obtain
two rooms; 'under 500 f. a year. His food' coats him •
..fi.olco, 801. to -901.-, and his servant, 15f.. ralorith..:
Thus he has only from' MO:" to 020 f. a year for light,
• fuel,-washing, clothes, &c. Yet he seldom. gets into.,
the penalty. being so great. Should a sub-lieuten-
ant be reported for being in debt he loses a year's
• seniority, and I,ooof. a year is deducted till he is clear.
'Marshal Niel was very anxious to introduce messes,
and to proviOe quarters in bakiacks- for officers, but.
: very few of them would sign the petition to the
• naNcATlsikar.ri
ingthugestotma.taah,
for a French
rank when in
officer
hfffiswse
aecBcmeyoorf. bs.
fdtlroyocx
more f
ss,eon
anntfoh.te
tsears understandoi
seniors
megnnodiwnotborhsuy.
,twdh;
Thoednehrnr
eoy
pioahnpuffaii
mbsvtadgeeiutrbtehyeori
nes,f
Jocial intercourse with his juniors. This Objection to
,I;ilesses still continues, notwithstanding General de
.Cissey's anxiety to introduce that institution. Conse-
quently, only in a few crack regiments does it exist,
and even in these it does not work harmoniously."
• ' "GERLIA.N EXPLORATIONS AT OLYMPIA. —T4
lAitdess attnnding the German .explorariectibTiabfindeeeein,a:st Olympia
considerablethe
aatauhs
yLstseeaaeibtfninie:si,
alufnl satisfaction
arfi.
to
Herald n af t t
the
.e thero Berlin.,ofifgiire,
aOnen
after 'lhe other., says thpme.
,ri4gtnn aoo. rte:errl:ayeyl:
Igratnidvpe adorning
preservation;
describedo
fr gvwa httbhiayoet n
from i ihe bowers of the' earth. Nike has been found
srdl rti
Berlin
gecgroeerd.;
INURilus is announced' ; and Zeus just emerging. This
is
'respondent of The Times states that the undertaking is
chiefly due to the discerning anticipations of Professor
Ciatrus who many years ago insisted upon an expedi-
.tion being sent to the virgin soil of the great Grecian
plaigrpund. Twenty-five years had to elapse before
the wish expressed by the distinguished arch ~logist
was fulfilled, but the idterest his Imperial Highness
,the Crown Prince showed in the suggestions of his
late ttltoi eventually secured the execution of the plan
The eicavations are carried on under the superintend-
ence of Dr. Hirschfeld and Herr Botticher, the one a
well-known archwologist, the other a competent en-
gineer, .; •
"4 91310114 iotitts4 4hOdU Its 'ivy h,P)viiivbe

coal:

AN ELOPEMENT.—There was an elopement in
high life in Louisville recently. The Democrat says
the young lady retired at the usual hour; but before
doing so, tied a cord to her wrist, leaving an end of the
cord hanging out ~f the window. At the hoar
appointed, the impatient lover, unterrified by the
roar of heaven's artillery, and his ardour undamped by
the torrents of rain that were falling, made his way to
the abode of his charmer, seized the cord nervously,
and gently pulled the belle. The signal was answered
by a hundred and twenty pounds of female loveliness
dropping gently into his extended arms. The party
hurried into the carriage, and were driven rapidly to a
clergyman's, and " jined.'
THIERS A GARDENER.—M. Thiers is an enthu-
siastic horticulturist. He knows each flower in his
garden, and treats it as a personal friend. It is stated
that attending to his flowers and shrubs gives him
more real pleasure than preparing some great speech
or achieving some gigantic scheme. In one of the
articles written by him, a short time ago, is this pas-
sage, "I think when you talk of a nobleman great and
good, that the tiller of soil, the producer of what we
eat, is he."—The GardAn.._

tetner - - -
ArTRA NTNG bdif
—tire oli a I DlA'l___7l% N I OOLS FOR COOKE

—The Society of Arts havingsAsAialiehed fiye scholar-
Ships entitling the holders to free instruction in the
'National Training Schools for Cookery, they will be
'Competed for on Saturday, the 12th of February, at the
schoolss South Kensington. It appears that at the
present time there is an urgent demand for qualified
-natters of cookery in schools. Candidates for the ap-
pointsnent must not be under 18 or above 25 years of
age, and must be sufficiently educated to perform the
duties of instructors' in cookery after 'special training.
the examination questions put to them are intended to
test their knowledge of the first principles of cookery
...and ,the reasons on which they are bag3l—fo prove
their acquaintance with the essentials of good cookery,
and to discover what the candidates can cook and in
what manner. The privilege •of nominating one
candidate can be etercised by every member of the
Society of Arts. -
, -
ITALIAN LOTTERIES. —The budget of the
Italian Ministry of Finance contains some interesting
particulars with reference to the lottery (ii lotto), which
is a fruitful source of revenue throughout the kingdom.
In 1874 the Treasury received a BUM of three millions
sterling from different speculators, of which near y a
third was coptributed by the Neapolitans. The Pied- ,
1
montese and the Lombards furnished nearly half a
million each • the. Sicilians, £400,000; the Tuscans, '
£360,000; the Venetiatie, £320,000; the Romans, 1.
£250,000; and theinhabitants of the province of Bari
,-2200,000. The amount won in prizes was £1,900,000,
, so that the Treasury derived a profit of more than a
h million sterling, less the commission paid to the per-
sons who receive the investments of the public. Some
-provinces 'were more fortunate in their sPecnlations
than others; for, while the Sicilians won three out of
the four hundred thousand pounds invested, the Piedmontese and the Lombards, who had staked half a
million each, received back but £260,000 each. The
Neapolitans won back six out of the nine hundred and
fifty thousand pounds, and the Romans more than 50
per cent, of the quarter of a million which they had
invested.—Fall Malt Gazltte.
ATTEMPTED JEWEL ROBBERY.-011 Saturday
evening (says The Times) a daring attempt was made
i to carry off the valuable jewels of the Duchess of Nor- •
thumberland from the seat of the Duke and Duchess
' Albury-park, near Guildford.' -.lt appears that the
,tike and Duchess were entertaining a party to dinner,
when one of the servants of the household, accidentally '
passing the rear of the mansionomw 'a ladder Platiedg
against the bedroom window of the Duchess. Tha tier-.
i vent looked up and saw that the window was 'opin,
and he also observed the flicker of a bull's eye lantern.
He at once, somewhat incautiously, raised a cry of
alarm. Immediately two men emerged from the open
window, descended the ladder, and made off in the '
darkness of the night through the thickly-wooded -
park. The servants of the mansion were aroused, and
the room was visited. The door of the room, which
was found to be locked on the inside, was forced, but
it appeared that' thelurglars had no time to carry out
their designs. Several drawers hal been broken open,.
notably one containing the jewel case of the Duchess,
the contents of which are N•alued at £lO,OOO. The case
was taken out, and, with a valuable gold watch, was
left intact on the bed. The burglary must have been $
the result of 'a carefully Prepared plan' as it 'Was. so ...,
,d that 'ordinarily the servants of the household
Id have all been in' another portion of the mansion,
at a distance from the Duchess's bedroom. . _..
JOTTINGS ABOUT MOLTKE. —A Berlin corre-
spondent writes :—" Moltka reside in the offices of •
the grand staff of the army. Tri6 room in which he
work ais large.and -well-lighted by three high windows .
fronting on King's-place. The -table arodnd Which the
staff assembles in council is heaped with maps, books,
pamphlets, and journals. A. pie3e of shell is the
general's favourite letter-weight. •The frescoes on the,
walls represent some of the events•of the war' and the
hero is depicted under various costumes. His bedroom
adjoining is of monastic severity. Moltke is thin, • 1
slightly.stoopirrg ; he is only straightened up' on lioese-
back, and then looks like email of thirty. His close. .
shaven face is very wrinkled; his prbfile vaguely; rekalls
Cf.esar's ; his prominent nose 'indicates will, persever-
anze,: courage; his lips are thin and expressive of • .
melancholy; his chin sharp, eyes bright and brilliant,
neck long. He detests civilian's clothes, and regards,.
the uniform as indispensable to his person. He is a
great worker. and an early riser, passes sometimes as
much as nine hours at his desk without taking anything
save a glass of Bordeaux and a biscuit, dines at two,
and sups at eight. He is always punctual in Perlis. ,
ment, where his colleagues style him the 'Great
Silent.' Less a captain of genius. thin an admirable
organiser, he is as cold-blooded in battle as the goda that ,
dwell on Olympus. His amusement is to walk in the !
Thier ''erten, with his hands behind his back in the
old Napoleonic style. A Dane by birth, he married a '
.1
young English girl who had fallen violently in love r
with him.' i'
SOME -USES OF CHESTNUM—Young or ripe,
new or dry, raw or cooked, reduced into flour, prepared
in fried cakes, or made into soup, chestnuts furnish a
wholesome food, agreeable to the taste and easy of .-
digestion. If boiled in water with fennel, they do not . •
produce flatulency. For keeping, they are either dried.
in ovens or in the sun, and packed away with leaves in
a barrel Our foreign imports of chestnuts have. , •
been declining; they have ranged from 65,000 bushels -• •
to 25,000 bushels. Chestnut flour, so unknown to us... ,
in England (although there is no reason why
should be), is the staple food of inpy Italian' peasants, .....'
with Which they‘make Weir pOlenta, prefng„it to ...• -
maize, as being more nutritious,. The cost per-head:4ls
for this kind of foodls from 3d. tq 4d. .per day: The. • $
• chestnut ie 'alo Used whOlci.fer sopp, while in some e
districts the floiii is baked like oat-cake. A quantiey. - •
, of chesfnut leaves is collected from the trees the meal • - P
being mixed with water and the leaves placed on a hot
iron plate' to -receive the dough. It is then covered .
with another. layer of leaves, and a hot iron placed .:
' over the whole. Infants even participate in the advan. '
tages of chestnut meal, and are said to thrive remark- •
ably an _food made from it. There can be-no -reason
why chestnuts should not be more used in this
country.—The Garden.

A "TRUMP" CARD.—A French critic speaking
of England's purchase of the Suez Canal in connection
with the Turkish question says it was "the trumpet
call for a retreat," We certainly had to find both
" brass " and notes but the purchase was pcpularly
supposed on this side of the Channel to represent an
advance rather than a retreat.—Fur"

AN HISTORIAN Oy MUSlC.—France has lost,
by the death•tf EdrriOnd de Coussemaker, one of her
most erudite musical historians. He was born in
Baillent (Nord) in 1805, and was educated for the legal
profession. He was at first an advocate, 'and subse-
quently a judge, at Dankirk and Lille. He began fo
apply himself to music as an amateur, and studied the
productions of the early ignd middle ages, the
.results
of his patient search and vast erudition being shown'
in various works, one of them 7-." Histoire de.:.lllar-
monie an MoVeri AO "—'was crowned by the Institute.
He died at hid chateau at Bourbourg, near Calais,
just as he was completing the fourth volume of the
collection, "Scriptores Ecclesiastici de Musica Medi!
Avi," begun by the monk Gerbert. The results of
his examinations cf the musical records of the rich
musical libraries in the towns of French and Belgian
Flanders were very valuable volumes bearing On early
Church composition. His "Art Harmonique" up to
the 14th century; and his " Histoire des Instruments
de Musique an Moyen Age," were other interesting
contributions for the study of music as indicated at
primitive periods.—Athenccum. - •
DEATH OF THE MARCHIONESS OF CONYNOHAM.
—The death of the Marchioness of Conyngham,
occurred on Friday at ternocn (28th ult.) at her
residence on the Marine Parade, Folkestone. Her
ladyship had been seliously indisposed for some days
pzevi;•u.dy. She was surrounded at her decease
by several members of her family, among others,
Lord Mount Charles, Lady Churchill, Lady Frances
Lambart, Lady, Elizabeth Bryan • Captain and
Lady Cecilia Brinekruan, and Mr. Bryan,.
Jane,
Marchioness of Conyngham, was the•eecond daughter
.of ; ield-Marshal Henry William, first Marquis of
Angle•,ey, by his first, marriage with Lady Caroline •
I Elizabeth Villiers, third daughter of George, fourth '
lEarl of Jersey, a sister of the late' Dowager Duchess
lof Richmond, Dowager Lady Crofton, and -Lady .-
, Templemore. She was born, in 1798, and was married, ;
I.
tm 1824 to the present Mai-quis of Vonyngham;
, whom sh 6 had a-familyof twtisons and four daughters, .
all diwhominarvive-her.
,
H KILLED ON/ THE Ititu.wAy.-In London, .on - -- •"
.Mondny evening, Dr. Hardwickg held 'an inquest at ,
{the St. Pancras Coroner's Court on the body of John
'Kerr, aged 48, •an engine•driver (In the London and • -
'North-Western Railway. Gregory Smith, a clerk in :;•
tthe employ pf th6.company, deposed i'lit on Saturdl
;evening, between five and six o'clock, he was walki • .
from the Camden Goods Department to the platform •• ,
;of the Chalk farm station. It was -very foggy at tht
Min • ''''
e, but as he neared the station his stick struck some ‘'
thing which he thought moved lying by the side of trla)...,
,-..,
down rails. On looking closer he found it was a man, ,
and spoke to him, thinking he might be asleep, but • .
•. • ••
, . .
ceiving no answer he shouted to the porters to brint •
~. ...•
lights, an he then observed the body of a man wit
4
both his legs apparently cut off. He seemed quit •
dead, and assistance having arrived he was remove .
'William Healey, locomotive inspecfor,- said he h
known deceased for twenty five years as an engine;
driver on the London and North-Western 'Railway'n
and he was looked upon as an old and excelleniA ;
servant. He had been alwent on sick leave for fiv
..:. •
'or six weeks, but was getting better and was abou
'to return to work. He had seen him at one o'cloc ..
on Saturday, when he expressed his intentio'n '. .
go to a concert at Poplar.ir the_seVe-ninii on behat
of University College . Hospital. ...Witness had ascer:
.. ;
tabled that shortly before six o'clock on Siturdiai •
4
evening he left his home in James-street to go to •
the concert, but having forgotten his pass-book. he •
went back, hurried for it, and no doubt, in order to .
save time, went along the railway to the Chalk Farm .
station. It was very foggy at the time, and it is ,
believed that a train from Euston was upon him before
he was aware of it. Dr. Gambier said he was called ,
to see deceased on the railway about six o'clock. He '
found him quite dead. He found both-legs broken;
and the left foot completely off. There was also a dia. '
location of the left shoulder and right elbow. The
death was, no doubt, from exhaustion by loss of blood,
the result of the injuries. A verdict of "Accidental
Death" was returned. ,