The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1869-06-19 00:00:00

THE STOU'RI3RIDGE OBSERVER.

t, ••re were two semes oof the term - doseineisowinent,"—ODO, Lord Peurance thought tiaLargiuutu.nenwitnof pealne wee ail
h appropriation of the endoowinents to cognate religinotis against the opponent. of the view indeed, was
Du; po,ses ; and the other, sectilarisation. The method tied justme weuld only be telly satieneel by vieldieg to the Ito-
lie
te in the tonli was internowliete bmween the two. mut teetleolicemunmeity in Ireland its fair pro orti fet t
he eyed th an ementi sl slistinctiron between private and cohntenance. To do that fully,,h,foTexir, viral:, he"anellitt'ede,
ficahtittliainj in
iliruet.
corporate property. Ile thoimhe too, both ilisestablishmeat impracticable in the condition
met desetelowinent were within the mower of a ountry, wise the beet just alternative was, if the'Romngen
or unwise as it might be to have recourse to them, Ain' a cer- land were no ot to have a State Church, that the rival Prutes-
Min measure et disendowment miglot be conceded to be a tent society should not be allowed to retain its State Church.
loece Stacy coesequeece (of disestabliohment. But it wes a Equal justice demanded that all or none should be Stte
very eifferent question whether the disendownient deter- Churches, and, further, that if one were endowed out of
mined On by the bill was Just; and he was convinced it was State Muds, the other should aleo ne. At present the feel-
:shot. The Government had no right tenet the life incomes of Ingot Ireland to England was our a
natl. I
e exi-ting incundients onto the acmount, and the eurplus in ni he wee in ta vola not this bill beeause riteprwlcuhld
which this bill gave beyond thoee was little more than • beg- de soonething towards producing a better feeline He Idl
early X 120,000 or so. The relations, of Koogland and lrelatoil, cults' the motion that to destroy the, Irish thtireit.Esenblish.
and the thstinet promises ef uumerous Ministers, had pledged meet would hojure the English. a hen the Eeglish Church
the croentry to • slouch mrore tomer us provision. This was a melto be in unisen with the national reeling, it wood Ibe
soimple money question, and It was he evil the State to haggle time that it, too, should be disestabliehed. The House nerd
ver the amount. But it want a different o Moog to reject the bill not be afraid of its being stippemed that it was coinpelle it to
It would be perilous to do this, whether in regard to the pod- act in a particular way merely becau-e a great majority in
Mon of the House limit, to the Irish Church itself, or to Ire- tIM other House had decided for it. liut, throndl absolutely
land. The responsibility of the rueasure rested (on the Ministry ; independentn of the other Heel. it was its duty to defer to
the power of protest was with this House. 'The majority for the nseleoal will. The Home 'had declated in effect last
the bill in the House of Cuennotte, succeeding an election year that when that will wits pronounced it most be deferred
which hail placed this question fully before the country, and to, and at the general election it had been pronounced.
in which the country had decided filially, was large euoust The Deka of Richmond, while announcing his intention
the other hand, the
to induce the House to glee the bill a second reading. On noes t upport Lord Harrowby's amendment, inveighed
majoroty in this House molest it and the against the WI as being made up of violence, Injustice. and
etrength a the minority M the country agMitst it were suffi-
cient to entree amendments. spoilation. His reasons why, nevertheless, he could not
vote against the second yearling were—first, that the question
on which the general elections of the autumn turned
The Bishop of Derby, In a lively and energetic a
argeed that voluutaryism was most unsuited for IrelaiPesst elseuhi disestablishineet„thil that the nation had decidedforit Iwoyasa
that this, pure awl simple, was the system which the' loill
really intrmluced. llow much was to be hopesi from amend- vastnoa is"e's'sjeZil7•2siliTgL,ateheeiti(louY'selyTetoullipdretrtcliM'oglytnhOtTuecaterd
melds, he hinted, migltt be tested by the Mte of various most In burying the bill, but would have it lack on their hands in
just amendments In the other House ; and the bill, as it was, a very short time. If they 'ewe the bill, on the other hand,
ill fact, left hardly anything to the Church beyond the exist- own do reading,idd tl ts they, it
twhoeulud
°tee?.
nt
It
tposwheoruoi
df armoeef AI ti) g
theirlt,
Mg life incomes. He denied that voinntaryiont hal loeen itits!'l
shown to have succeeded with Protestant Churches. It was amendments, throw on it the responsibility for the creme-
nothing to the point that the Roman Catholic Church, with quences.
its peculiar doctrines and influence, maintained itself under The Bishop of Peterborough, who was frequently and
it. Ile went on to defend the Irish Protestant Church from loudly ch-ere:l, and even &Wended with c'tetping a hands
the charge of . pedal hdolerance. The Principle. of by the steamers lot the gallery, after comparing somewhat
Churches till very recent Donee were never tolerant, disparagingly the House with enether lame assembly, dis-
mid in realty a strain of tolerance had ran through Modeled opposite: the bill 83 neemoarly a violet Mu eith'er of
the policy of the !doh Church in the worst tint.. lie the Cormatien Oath or of the 'rreaty of Union since both
denied the charge that the Irish Church had failed in its mis- 'tattles were in this case supposed to be assenting too the
Sian. It had been urged that wheu the nation ence declered change eof the ori,fint4 ...p.et-or even. as It It an attack
its will thie House must y liltieo it IMt he dree tidalether rat the sights property. ft ther lie warned the
tc,r,orrptshor:tveeiryororpeeLtyonolhlltutitdr.it
the nation bail manifested its will on this particular measure. Mouse aglnst 'lletptrateh
Ile should vote analyst it ea tending to bring what wsould be Church be infringed'iorLZ
eminently an Atheistical nation under the real dominion of a corporate property, and that the attack on curporate property,
Panel Lemite. if yielded to, foreshadowed an attack on private property,
The debate was then adjourned on the motion of Lord since sacrilege it:aurally preceded Communism. There
Lytton. were three main arguineuts which had been impel foor the
Several bills us eye nil am va a stage, and their Lordship' ad- bill—viz , those of justice, of polMy, and of the verdict of
journed at a quarter east twelve. the tuition having been pronounced in its I •vronr. But he
In the House of Commons, Sir Harcourt Johnstone asked joined issue on each of these points. The Irish Church was
the Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs whether the said to be an iujustice, as being opposed to religious equality,
case of a British sailer named Jones who has been iin- and because it was the Church of a minority. lie allowed it
prisoned for twenty-three months at Barcelona, pending was an instance of inequality ; but to was the Broglieh
the confirmation of his sentence to five years in a chain Church. The only justification for any State Church, indeed,
gang by the Supreme Court at Madrid, had been brought was, not the claims of the particular religious commu-
under the notice of the Foreign Ottice ; and wlsether that ufflce silty, but that the State believed its own work could
'mould represent the case to the Spanish Government ? be done better by one religion than by another As it
Mr. °Lissy aahl the matter had been brought under the was, this bill which pretended to be directed against cell-
girdle inequality did In fact establish it. Then, secondly, the
notice of the Foreign Office ; that the sailor in question was
sentenced to the punisitiuent mentioned for lite thett of a 101 l was supported on gromods of policy. But he was nut
piece of sail cloth, and the sentence was undoubtedly a very sanguine of the effects of the measure as a means either of
severe one. Representatious had, however, been made, and pacifying the Roman Catholic population, (or of confern hog
the flatter had been referred to the Supreme Tribunal of on the Protestant Church the Apostolic virtues which were
Marine
supposed to be necessary accompaniments of poverty, in
An, lion. Member asked the Home Secretary whether it was respect of which it did not seem, however, to be reonem-
true that Government had issued a notice that no mitotic hall tom. it thee' if the Apostles were poor, so were their
or room should be let to any lecturer against iLolBlBlngro if mks. The lull was, in fact, only another of the
under a penalty of Elite 1 favourite English specifics for dealing with Irish evils
Mr. Bruce said it was true that bearing in mind the riot and —viz, confiscations, except that formerly the possen.
disturbance attending the lectures oelivered my a Mr spous of foes were taken, but now of friends. Lastly,
Murphy, the Government had recommended that a public as to the argument that the national verdict had
hall should not be let to hint, but thole was no foundation been delivered against the Irish Church, he intimated
whatever for the rumour referred to some doubt how far it would toe necessary to feel
The Endowed Schools Bill was under consideration In Corn- mound by that verdict, even if admitted tin have been de-
mittee the greater part of the evening. The first amendment livered, considerieg toy what arts and noisrspre-eutations et
moved was on clause 9. in which eir. T. Chambers wistied to the Irish Church it had been extorted. Inn all eloquent perm
insert words which would make it impossilole for the Coin- l ration he warned members of the !louse agnoinst beinc moved
miseieners to alter the trusts of any educational endowment by menaces auto the effect of an adverse vote For him-
witheut the consent of the governing loody. It was 010e:steel self, and, he believed, for them, important as was the verdict
by Mr. W E. Forster, Mr. Walter, awl others that lof the nation. he was persuaded there were verdicts yet mo e
the amendment would pretty well make the bill tem- momentous—the verdict of the English natison of the future,
less, and the amendment was ultimately withdrawn, after a and yet another and a higher verdict. In obedience to them
conversation which hail the effect of drawing front Mr he meet resist the Idle
Gladstone a promise that the names of the Conimissioners Lord De Grey replied to the last speaker. Ile showed that
should he stated to the house while the bill was in progress. the Irish Church hail been established by Queen Elie theth
Mr. T. Chambers also failed to persuade the Comnoittee to 'loot with the intention that it ellen, Ibe the Church of a ml-
except from the next clause—which empowers the Con, iserity, bat that it might become the Church of the whole
misslobers to alter the conetitution of gsovernine bodies—all natiron. But it had been so far front fulfilling that purpose
schools connected with a city guild or corporation, unless the that its proportion to the popodetien had even decreased. in
Charity Commimioners should report that they had been its present state as an Established Church, it was not merely
mismanaged
itself weakened at an instrument of good in Ireland, but, so
On Clause 12 there was a long discussion raised by an far from its disestablishment endangering the English
amendment reeved by Mr. Winterhotham proposieg that Church, the fact that the continued existence of the for
the Commissioners in their schemes shall make provision for mer could be asserted to be necessary for that of the latter
wins' education equally with buys'. Much sympathy Cases, would he a most powerful argument for the Liberation
pre-sed with the cobject of the amendment, and it was ad. SoieMly against the Church of England Ile defended the
mitted on all hands that the Commissioners should, as much Government agamet the charge lif arrogance. The House
as warble, add to the endowments for girls' education ; but might be assured that moy amendments it might prom one
It was urged that the amendment went too far, and on this would be received respeetlelly. The arrogance, if any, was
plea Mr. Winterhotham withdrew it. on the part of these who would nip rejecting the bill in its
C•ause 29, uhich empowers the Commissioners to apply to present stage prevent other peers from attempting to amend
education charitable modosenteuta which have beeome it-
robsolete, or have outgrown their original objects, was under Lord Clancarty opposed the secend reading. Ile regretted
discussion for some time. Several antenatintlBB were pro- that the questton of the ernotrmlictiron loetween the toll axe
posed; bnt there was a very general disinclinetion to depart the Coronation Oath, and various other questions, had not
from the compromise agreed to in the Select Committee. been treated more seriously.
The only alteration made lathe clause was the addition (on Lord Mouck read extrects from letters from Canadian
the motion of Mr. Parker) of endow meets for loans and isp- Bishops in mower te the Archbishop of Canterbuty'e eerie-
prenticeship fees to the list of charities so liable to be dealt lilies on some statements of his respecting the success of the
with. Voluntary system in V..lad.'
The remaining clauses of the bill were agreed to without lord Malmestoury, on behalf of Lord Derby, moved the
any amendment of consequence. adjournment of the debate.
The order for the appointment of a Committee on the Several bills were read a third time, teed their lordships
Scotch Game Laws was discharged, Mr. Bruce undertaking adjoourned at five minutes to one o'clock,
to consider the question, with a view to legislation, as early At a morning sitting, the House of Commons got as far
as possible with the Committee on the Bankruptcy Bull 1111 the last two
A motion by Mr. Neol to issue a new writ for Dublin led clauses, dealing with compensathons. Mn, Ayrton, epeaeitig
to a sharp debate. on behalf of the Treasury. Iwo:cited that with regard to all
Sir G. Grey, as an amendment, moved for leave to beteg in I flicials below tile Commissieners the circumstances of cash
a bill to disfranchise tloe Dublin freems n. In support re his claim for compensetim shout.' be investie ded by that De-
motion he re ad extracts from Juotiee Keogh's report, partment and the question was under consideration when
showing the extent to which corrupt practices had prevailed the Chairman reported progress
among this class at the late election, and maintaineof that it At the evading sitting, in answer to Mn. Pease. who
was only by taking this course that the ilonse could prove called attentlon to the expediency of obtaining an early
itself in earnest to the country in the repression of bribe) y. report from the Royal Commission on the duretine of (our
Mr. Ward-Hunt exhorting the House to deal with the coallields, appointed in leG6, and moved an address to the
flatter in a judicial spirit, held that it was unjust to Dublin Crown.
to deprive it of half its representan Wu in a Seseion like this, Mr. 11. Vivian, ass member of the Commission, recounted
and to the freemen that they shoneld all he disfraechised for the reps taken to obtain accurate information MI to
the fault at stew Rennet' them. And this he pointed out it the exteat of our coal supply, the yoseible wade in the
was proposed to do uithout inquiry, although only a few production and censumptien of coal, and other motets. In
weeks back the House had agreed to an address for an some of its braeches the inspoiry was nearly complete. Itila
inquiry. in re., nt to the main qemtion—the extend of our coal stores
Mr. 11. James supported Sir G. Grey, believing that the —Mr. Vivian saiih the inquiry had confirmed hM prevetue
Act of last year must fail if the House slid not evinco its de- opinion that an ample weeny of good Mel would be lorth-
termitoation to punish bribery; hut Mr. If. Matthews o'ojeeted coming when our present known croal fields were exhausted,
to elixir.' up the innocent with the guilty, and maintaiwed anol that, pramically, a store of mineral wealth existed tam.
that disfranchisetnent ountht not to go further than those cient for caseatesa generation..
who and been pi-steed guilty. Mr. Liddell si precated a hasty conclusien by the Commis-
Two former members for Dublin, Mr W. 11. Gregory and aim on the information submitted to ii; end Mr. Elliott
Mr Vance, gave their experiences of the constituency, the made some remark on the waste in the proolinehon if coal
one declaring that in 1-42 he bad been calleol on to pay Mr. Bruce steered with Mr Liolnlell (het it w.•uld lie unwise
Et 500 for hriloin„e 1,500 freemen; and the latter protest hog to hurry the Commi.sisoners ; and, yielding to his advice,
that at three of his elections not £5 n had been spent which Mr. Pease witholvew his motion.
could not be accounted for Mr. O'Reilly and eir T. Collins The house was counted out at a quarter past ten o'clock,
made some observations, and on a division the House refused as Sir W. clattery was about to cal' the attention of the
to Issue the writ by a majority of 45-215 to 169 The op- House to the Folkestone mid Boulogne packet service.
position to the introduction of the disfranchising bill took In the Misuse of COMMOIIa June le, Ale Weill), moved the
the form of moving adjournments. The inBB was defeated second read,,e of the Seeds Adulteration Lill, and, after a
by 170 to 72; bat Sir G. Grey gave way to in second, anti the Megtheeed (demise:bon, the hen gehtleman consented to the
on adjourned. bill beteg refs:eyed to aco monitree, and tide tell eves then
In the House of Lords, June t 5 the scene was of an equally read a secohd time, and ordered to be committed this day
brilliant and scarcely hens meatiest character than out the w“,k.
opening night of the debate. As was the case last night, the Mr. Buxton moved the second reading of the el runicipal
galleries were this evenirog adorned by an elegant assemblage Corpora i4MB (Metropolis) Bill, and Mr. Cevetelish Beintio,ck
14 ladies. 'I here woo a very large attendance of Peers; end propose.' es an amensimeht " that the bill be read a seond
the place allotted to distinguished strangers was occupied time that day six months."
by a large utunber of members of the House of Conimous and After remarks from several hon. members, Alr. Bruce urged
others, the withdrewnel of the bill and the amendment, amt the latter
Resuming the debate on the bill, Earl Grey rose and Was withdrawn.
entered upon mem obeervationa which elicited applause The bill was then read a second time and withdrawn.
from the Ministerial benches. He contended Boat it behoved 31r Charles Read in a long mod earuest speech, appealed
the mover of the amendment for the rejection of the to the Goverenneet to support the Sunday and Reneged
bill to show that the consequences of the course he recent- Schools 11.11, which proposed to relieve Sunday awl 8.0.88 rd
mended would not be more seriones than the passing of the schools from liability to the pror rote. These schools were,
hill. He submitted that Lord Hatrowby bad failed to do this he contended, very great instruments in the etiloglitenmeet
Ile emphatically emelenmed the manner in which this anti education of the people. They educated many who
questien had been brought before Parliament. lime unwis- would otherwise have hail no education at all ; they
dim of the proceediug was shown in the contrast between served to diminish pauperism, they were the timing eye of
the condition of Ireland before the production of the famous religious fen ling, and by the work accomplished in the case of
resolutioons and that of the present time. At the time when the children often tentel to inopro we and benefit the parents.
Lord Mayo made his remarkable speech there weie symptoms Ile amid ask why Governmeut buildings, the churches and
that Ireland had been brought into a state of riniesence. other places of worship. and, almve all, the universities, the
Look at the present condition of Ireland. Agrarian out- tralosieg places of the rich, shnuld be exempt, end the ragged
rages us err never more frerinent, and lawlessness was ram- eche he subject to the rate for the relief of the poor. Ily the
pant ; besides which we have the clear evidence that the impost of this tax many schools were compelled to be closed,
spirit of relighous anintiositiee has been exasperated, and many others were prevented from beipg starteol, and upon
that the great body (of the Protestants of Irelanori, Presby- ant it was a serious burden. Ile moved the second readieg of
terians as well as those of the Eataeolished Church are now the tell.
stung by a deep sense of atom'. (bowl cheers) ale out to be in- After a few observation. from Mn, Graves, Mn. Percy Wynd
Ilietml upon them by the British Government loud cheers,. ham, Mr. Goschen, and elr Barrow,
But the evil had been dem and it crud not be revoked, and The question was put, That the hill be now read a second
the questiom was mother in the present condition et things time," and the 11. use divided, when the numbers were :—For
it was best to accept or reject this measure. Ile hoped this the second reaoling, 225; against it, 71; majority for the
House would consent to the second reading of the bill ; but second reading, 157.
he trusted that before it left the Hoecs it would be very ma- The hill was therefore read a second Glue, and the com-
terially altered and a great many (of its most objection- mittee !Med for the 225r1 Julie.
able provisions removeri. His loordship having reviewed the The special Bail Bill win read a second time, and, after some
bletory oil the Irish Church question during the last thirty- other business of no public importance, the House raljeurned.
five years, Belted what w mild be the consequences of reject-
ing the measure. If rejected, the hill would COMO hack
again, perhaps in a very short time (.. Hear, hear," from Rol
Graloville and the Duke of Argyll,. And what then?
Would the country see its will deliberately thwarted? The
noble earl concluded by predicting serious consequences
from the OCCUITSOCO of such a collision between the two
It. MK'S.
The Archbishop of Dublin dilated on the unreasonableness
of the Government in expecting the Web Clourch hobo an
agent in in its own destruction. It was not for him to con-
sin ler the bill from a political point of view , hut even on the
assumption that sonm levislation on the autojset of the Irish
Church was neccessary, he accused the Government of having
not recognised any proper equities of transition. It the Mich
Church were in a false position, that was the work of
England, and it was unjust in the English Governmeet now
to threw the whole guilt of its former policy on the Church.
The menusure del not even carry out the promise of
generosity with who ch it herl been heralded. The Government
took crerlit, hide., ler its apple:what of the surplus to
works of surrey ; but there wooled Ire a taint of injustice
about such charity which would make it unacceptable before
IltilVen in motet neither of finance nor of dies:Mine did the
hill make any &demist° provision fs or this unfortunate
Church, which was thus to he cut adrift without warning
The hishop of St. David's, to whom Let ci Clancarty very re
luctantly gave way. on the motion of Lord De Grey that the
Cl-hop be now heard, denied the proposition of the Duke of
Rutland that the property of the Irish Church was in. any
special sense the property of God. Those grants, whether of
• church or of a market, were, he held, most peculiarly
gifts to God which were most beneficial to man. This
was the test and not the sanctity (of the particular
destinen inn. The term '• sacrilege" and t• robbery of flail'
were, then, utterly irrelevatot, in his epinion, as applied to
this sutoject of the In h Church. No one was more con-
s/theml titan himself of the opposition of Rom en Catholicism
to the best interests of niankiud. No one was a greater friend
to Protestant ascendancy. But his friendship was to its
intellectual asceuelancy. It season that very account that
he entertained so thorough an aversion from Itinerant Pro-
testant lecturer., and also from the habit of setting the
Pope as a standing scarecrow. Habit, it was known, took
away the terror of a scarecrow, till in time the birds amend
come am build their nests within it, lie had, however, a
very sincere horror of the development of &Man Catholic
Influence in Ireland, where the priesthood mould levy. at will
a *Menai distress. But that was only one special Dish phe-
nomenon. There was another equally exceptional It ish pile-
no memo, a, (I that was the Irish Efeablished Church. These
twos. he believed, held to each other the relation of cerise
and effect lie had, since he first began to take any
Interest in politico., felt persuArled of the expediency of
settling the Irish Church on a new and more bogie ml basis,
but the close of the American Civil Vs ar had surromodeoi with
mew datogers the Waxer al,er motley, which was under to Mr-
cemstances a etatennuanlike policy, while the cure of this
Church grievance, on the other hand, would foster amidole
and neannbOnTly feelings in Ireland. Ile agreed, then,
with the Goverensent in thinking the object of the
eel tinily and just and prudent. But he confessed he
had net imen in the habit of ConSidetiSB{ the eolution
proposed by the bill the best possible one. tie
8, 84.`a with the Archbishop of Canterbury's general
dislike to voluntaryism an applied to, Churches, and
he also doubted the necessity of the conclusiont that bee tune
the Protestant Church must not he the Estatolieheil Chinch of
Ireland it must ceaee to be an Eetablished Church. lie ac-
knowlmlged, however, that the comae taken by many friends
of the Irish Church bast made the levelling-up process seem
now to practicable. The only method left op ii, tner fee,
was Perhaps the course advocated by the Archbishop of tem-
terbury on Monday night. Ile coincluded by denying the
analogy of Wales, where, he asserted, there was no greater
opposition between the Dissenting bodnes and the Church of
englend than there was within the Church between its da-
le ent parties, and by justifying his intention to vote for the
bill instead of simply stansliing neutral.
Lord CneilliSfOni did not deny the omnipotence of Parlia-
ment, but tie did deny its moral competency, Is the teeth of
its most solemn pledgee, to distroy the Irish Church. He
allowed that what Parliament created it might put an end
no; but, on the authority sof Mr Pitt, he di•puted the fart
that the In ish church wsa the creation of Perliament, which
had only ratified in reference to it the treaty between what
acre at the time two ledependent countries. A contract be-
tween two parties could only be annulled by the consent oo
them both, nue; the esseerne et the Treaty of the Union being
that one of the two parties should he absorbed in the other,
each consent could not powdety now be obtained,

tier catered for sixpence, but those novelties, at any
rate, are not changes for the worse. We hardly know
whether to mention street music as a recommendation ; but
If any London emigrant should have a fancy for a brass fated
In feat of his window, that feature also of his home life is
repioducen faithfully at the antipodes. But what is to he
done for the first few days of suspense before employment
comes in and a chance of settling is offered? What becomes
of the new arrival without a shilling in his pocket, and with
no knowledge of the country or its ways? The reply is
promptly made lie is taken under the care of the
4tate, which provides for him till he can provide far hiineelf.
In a cheerful and healthy suburb of the town stands the Emi-
grants' flume, and in that establishment any emigrant desti.
lute of means is entertained until the option of work is found
for him. To this place the employers of late or constantly
resort and bargains are struck wi.hout delay or difficulty.
Our Correspondent has known 'steers! hundreds" of new-
comers engaged and disposed of in a few hours.
Generally, however, the chief town is lint the place for an
ember,iimt to stay in. His aim should be the country, and
front Melbourne the country c All be reached in all directions
, with the greatest ease. The centres of mining and agricul-
[Anal industry are connected with the capital by railways ;
beyond the railways are good macadamized roads, with good
coaches running on them. These roads lead towards the
interior of a continent almost as large as Europe, with
I every variety of soil and climate. In some partstliere are enor-
mous tracts of rich land with hardly a tree noon it, so that no
, cleating is re mitred to fit it for the plough. The interior com-
munications are remarkably good, insomuch that in case of
an overstocked labour-ruarket at one point, the emigrant can
remove himself with perfect facility and little cost to another ;
while in no place does he appear to leave civilisation behind
him. The smallest towns and most r. mote villages are Eng-
lish tosses and villages still, fairly supplied with all the
necessaries and not a few of the luxuries of existence. Well
may our Correspondent add, after such a description, that no
country in the world could otter better prospeots to the
capPalists or greater advantages lathe working man than the
British colony of Victoria.
But how to reach tins paradise. It can be reached for £lO.
That isum will take a mechanic front an East London Work-
house and place hint in the Emigrants' Home at Melbourne
with anew world before him. It will be said, however, that he
must carry somethi. g to the common stock of the settlemeat
—either is modicum of capital or seine available skill or labour.
No doubt, he must; but, putting aside the question of
capital, our Correspondent assumes the very CAM, of an emi-
grant with nothing hut lalmur, more or less akilled, to contri-
bute to the public wealth in return for a tnaintenance. A
man who can do nothing whatever would find even Australia
a bad place to live in, but there is employment, and some-
thieg better than employment, ready for all who can work
and save. Just now wages are maintained "—that is, are
not falling, and the rates of pay ment are certainly pleasant
to look at. !Masons and bricklas <TA p. t 105. a day: carpenters,
Ds builders' labourers, Is. ; blackstuitns, SOS. a week; wheel-
wrights, aas to 405. On the farm a shepherd may
get his £lO a year; a hut-keeper, ; a lad who cart unfit,
12.. a week; and a general farm labourer, 15s. •' Common
labour," it is added by way i.f sionnuu7, "maybe quoted at
68. to 7s. a day." Nor are these wages reduced in actual value
by high charges of living. Perhaps lodgings are rather dear,
but where a dinner of the best meat, bread. and vegetables
without stint can be luta for sixpence, living must needs
be cheap.
Ve need hardly repeat the cautions or corrections with
which all such accounts as these must lie taken. Even in a
new country the demand for labour is limited by obvious
considerations, and it is perfectly possible at any particular
place or montent to overstock the market. But the real
essential and unassailable value of these prospects lies in
the boundless supply of laud. Wherever there is land
to he occupied or reclaimed there is room for a new
community, and wherever a new community springs
lip demands for all kinds of service quickly for
low. That Is the true secret of colonial wealth. When '
oar Ciirreepondent speaks of unoccupied districts far larger
than English counties, and at least equally fertile, he indi-
cates the resemrces (non which a new population Into lie
supported. Of course, capital is necessary in the first place
A 111311 without tool., seeds, or stock would starve even lathe
midst of acre which he could call his own, but when by the
combination of capital and labour the.e solitudes have been
dlstrdnited into farms, and homesteads have grown into vil-
lages, then every species of industry comes into requisition.
late thriving farmer wants farm labourers and in-door ser-
vaiits ; a little later he lo.hs for governesses and school-
masters ; and then all these teachers and servants and trades-
men get rich in their turn, and multiply still further the
wants of the young community The colony of Victoria will
grow by reproductious of its present self New Melbournes,
new G..elongs, new Ballarats, and new tiandhursts will spring
up, .d its p thou, instead of being reckoned by thmisands,
will be counted by millions. Fe, ,m our Correspondent's letter
we collect that for all who can contribute to the reclamation
intl occupation of lad there is and will be a steady demand
en remunerative terms, and that at present the demand for
other kinds of useful labour is considerable also. Only,
i emigration, to be successf al, must he organised on a sound
system, with a clear appreciation of facts and a definite
• purpose. Out of nothing nothing will come, even in the
happy land of Australia; hut to those who can work and
will work the colony offers a comfortable and abundant
home.

ACTION FOR LIBEL.

In the Court of Common Pleas, In London, on Monday, the
cause of "Brooke tr. Peel," was tried.
The plaintiff in this cage was Captain Brooke, a
cavalry officer, and he was riding master at the
Military College at Sandhurst. The defendant,
Colonel Peel, was formerly in the llth Hussars, but he
retired in 1859, and since then had been upon half-pay.
The action was to recover damages for an alleged libel,
and the defendant, in addition to not guilty, pleaded
in justification that the statements c, implained of were
true. General Peel and Lord William Paulet were in
court during the proceedings, and occupied seats upon
the bench.
The circumstances out of which the action arose were
numerous and complicated In 1845 Captain Peel,
the defendant's brother, was in difficulties, and the
plaintiff became surety for him. In 1857 the plaintiff
commenced proceedings against Captain Peel, and in
the following year the defendant gave, on behalf of
his brother, a security for 1:1,009, which sum was
charged upon £16,834 Three per Cents., which Colot el
Peel would become entitled to upon the death of his
mother. TIAN lady died in November, 1887, and her
death Was followed by a correspondence between the
plaintiff and the defendant. Each party complained
of expressions which had been used in the corre-
spondence towards him; and the matter having been
brought before the Horse Guards, the defendant was
ordered to withdraw some expressions of Iris, on). in
obedience to this injunction, he write to Lord Wm.
Paulet, the Adjutant-General, the following letter,
which was the libel complained of :-
12, Granville-place, Tatman-square, April 10, 100EI.
My Lord,—lleving been informed by your lordship that
Field-Marshal his Royal Illghues. the Commander-in-Chief ,
coniiders certa a expressions hi a letter addressed to me to
Capt. 1 rooke, on the i Otis of February, 1060, to be of a dis-
courteous character, I now beg in deference to the opinion
of hut Royal Highness, to withdraw those expressimo. I
must, hog-ever, in justice to myself, state the reason why I
expressed mytelf as I did to Capt. Brooke. Capt. Brooke had
in his poise-sion two bonds of mine for £5OO each (secured
*on money lathe Fonds watch became mine on the death of
my mother , these bonds were given by me to extricate my
youngest brother from his difficulties On the sleuth of my
mother a cvrtain sum in the Funds became mine, MA I could
not receive it, as C pt. lirooke had placed a distringas upon
the whole a nount. I had several interviews with Capt. Brooke
to prevail upon him to remove the distritiots, but furs long
time he refused, unless I consented to pay him the £l,OOO
that was doe to hint Eventually he slid remove the dl.-
traps. and it then appeared that he had mortgaged
the bonds. Under these eircum•tances I felt agrieved
as I could not help thinking that Captain Brooke ought
not to have asked me to give him a cheque for £l,OOO know-
ing that the bonds were not ir, his possession. Subtequently
I felt additional annoyance on being informed ity Mr. Nam-
mersley, of the firm of Cox and Co., that Mrs. Brooke had
stated to thenn that either my soliator or myself held one of
the bonds. If Captain Brooke can refute these statements or
explain them away, no one would be more pleased than I
should be, or more gratified at aiming I had formed an
erroneous opinion of Captain Brooke's conduct. And now,
my lord, having done all 3ou think it right I should have
done, let Me point out to you that it is nearly two months
*lnce Captain Brooke applied the most insulting language to
me, language that thv late Sir Geo. Wetherell, in his letter
to me of the 13111 March 1068, considered as most ungentle-
manly and unjuatifled Captain Brooke has placed the whole
matter in your lordship's hands, and I hope you will intt
anow any further time to elapse without requiring Captain
Broke to make a proper and suitable apology for his unjll3.
linable rallllage.
Captain Briaike was celled, and examined at great
length, the principal point in his evidence being that he
hail not mortgaged the bonds.
General Peel was also called. He said that he war
trustee of the £10,934 in the Funds, and he had
received no notice of any mortgage of the bonds by the
Sir John Karslalce, on the conclusion of the evidence
for the plaintiff, submitted that the alleged libel was a
privileged communication, and that therefore no action
could be maintained upon it.
His Lordship, after some digcusaion, held that the
communication was privileged. He also dtated that
the matter in reference to the mortgage of the bonds
had in his opinion arisen out of a misapprehension of
the facts.
The plaintiff was thereupon nonsuited, but execution
was stayed to enable the plaintiff to move the fullcourt
upon the question of law.