The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1855-11-20 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

the passage of the river Anakara, or Onflour, in Georgia,
which was defended by 16,000 Russians.
They attacked the Russian redoubts at the point of the
bayonet, and carried them, despite the desperate defence of
the enemy.
The Russian troops were completely routed, and fled.
Our troops captured five cannon, seven ammunition carts,
arid some 40 prisoners.
The Russians left more than 400 dead on the field of battle,
among whom were two superior officers and 100 subalterns.
Our loss amounted to 68 killed and 220 wounded.

by Her Majesty's steamer Barracouta, on the Ist of August,
in the Sea of Okhotst, under American colours, and having
on board 277 Russian sailors, part of the crew of the Russian
frigate Diana, which was wrecked some months ago on the
coast of Japan.
According to other accounts from Hong Kong, of the 19th
September, Her Majesty's ship Rattler returned from Cochin
China on the 16th, with Mr. Wade, whose mission had been
unsuccessful.
The Russian fleet was supposed to be to the north of the
river Amoor.
The Friend of China, in an extra edition, dated Tuesday,
September 18, has the following:—
" The Bremen brig Greta arrived on the 18th, in charge of
Lieutenant Gibson, of Her Majesty's steam-ship Barracouta.
The Greta was found in the Okhotsk sea, about seven weeks
ago, with 280 Russians of the wrecked Dim's crew, in-
cluding a prince of the blood. The prisoners were distributed
as follows :—Barracouta, 80; Pique, 100; Spartan, 100.

A COLOSSAL MILITARY MONUMENT, from a design by
Signor Marochetti, is about, we (Athemeum) understand, to
be set up on the point of Scutari, in the burial-ground pur-
chased there by the British Government. The situation is
superb, and the design is described as simple, pathetic, and
imposing, with a cross as its prominent object—strange sym-
bol to crown the headland which commands the Mosque of St.
Sophia I The group will be executed in West of England
granite.
THE Vienna Military Gazette learns " from a reliable
source" that the Russian armies are at present thus distributed :
—l. Bessarabia, Cherson, the Pruth, and embouchure of the
Danube, 120,000 men. 2. In the Crimea, with the reserves
at Perekop, 180,000 men. 3. The Caucasian army, 70,000,
and the corps before Kars, 35,000 men. 4. In Northern
Russia there are not more than 80,000 men. Nothing is
known of the number of troops in Poland, Volhynia, and
Podolia.

THE general orders of the day contain the following repri-
mand to the numerous applicants for leave of absence to pro-
ceed to England, on the most flimsy pretexts :—" The ,Coni-
mander of the Forces has been much surprised at the numer-
ous applications for leave of absence which have lately reached
him from officers of all ranks in the army. He has to remind
them that they are still in the presence of a powerful enemy ;
moreover, that they have duties to, perform in camp not less
important than those in the field ; and that the instruction,
discipline, and well-being of the troops are subjects which
require the earnest attention of all good soldiers."
THE RUSSIAN RETREAT PROM SEBASTOPOL.—It may be
remembered that General Gortschakoff in his report of the
retreat of his army from the southern to the northern side of
the harbour of Sebastopol, stated that the only loss sustained
was 125 men, seeming to imply that in the confusion nothing
else was lost. The following letter, from a young French
sailor, published in the Courrier de Bar-sur-Seine, would
lead to a different opinion :—" I have to relate to you a mira-
culous fishery which took place a few days ago in the port of
Sebastopol. Some French sailors, whilst occupied in looking
after all the material that could be made useful, saw what
appeared a kind of a box at the bottom of the water. Think-
ing that they had found Gnrtchakoff's strong-box, they went
into the water, and endeavoured to get it on shore, but found
it impossible. Further assistance was sent for, and at length,
by means of a capstan, there was dragged out a Russian field-
piece, with all its accessories, and the horses harnessed to it.
Where there was one there might be more,' was the . idea
which entered the heads of the sailors, and the search was con-
tinued. The result was that a complete field battery of six
guns, with their ammunition, was brought to land."
THE AUSTRIANS IN THE PRINCIPALITIES.—A private
letter from Bucharest, dated the 3rd inst., mentions as fol-
lows :—" A very serious affair has just occurred here. At 2
o'clock yesterday the English Colonel Thier was arrested in
his lodgings by the Austrian military authorities. He was
stripped of his English uniform by them, and forced to put
on the Austrian great coat. Colonel Thier had served as lieu-
tenant in the Austrian army, and passed over with his com-
pany in 1849 to. the Piedmontese. After the war he entered
the British service, and advanced in it to the rank of colonel.
He was sent to Kronstadt, in Transylvania, the night that
followed his arrest. He was at Bucharest 10 or 12 days,
having been sent by the English government to buy horses
and carts for the army. He was duly accredited to the Eng-
ish agents, as also to the Ottoman authorities. Colonel Thie r
is a Hungarian. Ten minutes after his arrest the Consul-
General of England went to the house of General Coronini
to reclaim the colonel. The General gave a brief and decided
refusal. Mr. Colquhoun thereupon addressed an official letter
to him'on the subject, and it is said that the reply was some-
thing to this effect :—` I seize my deserters wherever I find
them. I have the right to cause Thier to be shot instantly,
and if the Emperor commands me to give him up I shall
break my sword.' The sensation produced here by the con-
duct of the Austrians is immense. I hope you will now un-
derstand the fault committed in allowing the Austrians to
enter the principalities."

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRANCE,

The Emperor closed the Exhibition on Thursday last,
All went off well, and with enthusiasm. Prince Napoleon
read an address,
parrenehdt a
ce t hlee
Exhibition,tEo
thp eerworo rr. el
wdp.
hl i
iecd.
During is
toopul reply, the,
war,
closethe
oEf ?se r r grand nis
from all points of the universe the men most distinguished in
sciences, arts, and industry, have flocked to Paris to exhibit
their productions. That concourse, under such circumstances,
is owing, I trust, to that general conviction that the war thus
undertaken only menaced those who had provoked it ; that it
was prosecuted in the interest of all ; and that Europe, so far
from seeing in it a danger for the future, considers it rather
as a pledge of independence and security. Nevertheless, at
the sight of so many wonders exposed before our eyes, the
first impression felt is a desire of peace. Peace alone, in fact,
can develope still more those remarkable productions of
human intelligence. You must, accordingly, all desire, as I
do, the speedy conclusion of a durable peace. But, in order to
be durable, it must distinctly solve the question which caused
the war to be undertaken. That it may be speedily concluded,'
Europe must declare itself, for, without the pressure of general
opinion, struggles betweeu great powers threaten to be pro-
longed ; whilst, on the contrary, if Europe once determine on
declaring who is right and who is wrong, it will be a great
step made towards the solution. At the present period
of civilisation the successes of armies, however brilliant
they may be, are only temporary, and it is definitively
public opinion that always gains the last victory. You,
then, who all believe that the progress of the agricul-
ture, industry, and commerce of one nation contributes
to the welfare of all the others, and that the more mutual te-
lations are multiplied, and the more national prejudices tend
to disappear, tell your fellow citizens on your return to your
country, that France has no hatred for any nation, and that
she sympathises with all those who wish, as she does, for the
triumph of right and justice. Tell them that, if they desire
peace, they must openly express wish& either for or against
us, for, amid a grave European conflict, indifference is a bad
calculation, and silence an error. As for us, who are allied for
the triumph of a great cause—let us manufacture arms, with-
out any abatement of our industry or labour—let -us be great
by the arts of peace as we are by those of war—let us be strong
by our union, and place our confidence in God, that we may
overcome the difficulties of the present and the chances of
futurity."—The Duke of Cambridge was present. There was
great cheering inside and outside of the building. The distri-
bution by the Emperor of medals and decorations adjudged to
the exhibitors took place with great solemnity. The following
Englishmen (who have distinguished themselves as exhibitors)
are to receive the decorations of the Legion of Honour:—
Painters: Sir R. Eastlake, Mr. Mulready. Sculptor : Mr.
Gibson. Architecture : Mr. Cockerell. Domestic Economy :
Darnton, Lampton. Industry : Mr. Crowley, Mr. Tennant,
Dr. Neil Arnott, Mr. Robt. Napier. Mr. Brunel, Mr. Stephen-
son, Mr. Krupp, Mr. Elkington, Mr. Baxter, Mr. Titus Salt,
Mr. Minton, Mr. Brett, Mr. Faraday, Mr. Logan ( Canada),
Lord Rosse, Mr. Airey, Mr. Lawes, Mr. Fairbairn ( Wm.), Mr.
Platt, sen. Mr. Hunt, of the firm of Hunt and Roskell, had the
honour of being received by the Emperor at St. Cloud, on
Tuesday evening.
Holy The memorandum
_
esleler!
thate h
the r government
eply
to is
tsaid
eodmhave t
es demanded of the
King of Sardinia to Paris. The exiled
of Turin resides at Lyons, through which city King Victor
shall not be published
Tuesday
containsauadns weedsiitsthaiyutuhosne
Archbishop
eiht
boifs ht
meritshupe
batteries. The invention of these engines
Emmanuel
themh
ea
new
weol ltni prnagsosf.
of war is ascribed to the Emperor. His Majesty, whom pre-
vious studies had made familiar with the use of artillery, had
from the first seen that the Russian admirals might refuse to
leave their fortified ports in the Baltic and Black Sea, and that
in that case to attack the forts with valuable ships would be
most 'unwise. His orders on this ,point were emphatic.
The Emperor's expectations were realized, and his Majesty then
considered how a marine siege train, so to speak, might be
formed, ordinary ships being constructed merely to fight with
other ships, while it was desired to find a vessel with which
forts of masonry or earth might be successfully assailed. The
Emperor's aim was to find out a way of constructing ships
which would be cheaper and more easily built than ships of
the line, drawing little water, capable of being served by a
smaller crew, and covered with an armour, against which
hollow shot fired from Paixhan's guns should be broken like
glass. Experiments were made at Vincennes on the required
strength in the defensive iron plates, and the necessary thick-
ness having been ascertained, the Emperor drew the plan of
the new engine, as it now exists, with a single tier of guns,
its external covering defying alike solid or hollow, cold or red-
hot shot, and gave it the name of " floating battery," to indicate
that it was not a ship built to pursue or avoid an enemy, but
a veritable siege battery, capable of attacking with energy and
persistence fortifications heretofore regarded as unassailable
by sea. .

SPAIN.—In the Cortes on the bth inst., M. Areas asked the
Minister of Foreign Affairs if the relations of Spain with
foreign Powers were satisfactory, and he remarked that it was
strange that so many Spanish Ministers to foreign Courts
should be at present in the capital. The Minister of Foreign
Affairs replied that the relations with all foreign Powers,
" Russia excepted," were of the most friendly character, and
that the reason why so many Ministers to foreign• Courts were
in Madrid was simply and solely that they had been sum-
moned because they were members of the Cortes, and because
without them the number of deputies would not be sufficient
to enable laws to be voted. The remark of the Minister about
Russia excited a considerable sensation, and the Epoca says
that the consequences of it may be easily anticipated.
SwIDEN.—A Hamburg despatch of Tuesday says :
" General Canrobert has met with a brilliant reception at the
Swedish Court. A Royal carriage drawn by eight horses was
sent to bring him in State to the Palace, where the whole
Court had assembled. The Prince Oscar and Augustus, and
the Minister for Foreign Affairs, were present at General
Canrobert's interview with the King.
SICILY.—The Turin correspondent of the Inde'pendance
states that lately the Carlo Alberto, one of the steamers of
the Sardinian navy, was obliged to put into Messina, on her
return from the Crimea with invalids. The young men of
the town, anxious to testify their sympathy for the Sardinian
soldiers, went on board the ship in a body, and invited all on
board to a public dinner. The commanding officer was com-
pelled to decline the invitation on account of some exigencies
of his day. The Sicilian police were greatly alarmed at the
whole demonstration. _

AusTkiA.—Accounts from Trieste, of the 11th, state that
the Archduke Ferdinand is in a very satisfactory condition,
and only requires to be kept quiet. Austrian neutrality is
exemplified in the following -statement, contained in a letter
from Myslowitz, in Prussian :Silesia, dated Nov. 8 :—For
several days past our commurikation with Warsaw and the
other railroad stations on the sameline has been interrupted
by the immense transports of sulphur sent from Austria by
way of Cracow to Warsaw, which accumulate every day to
such an extent that the railway station at Granitza finds it
impossible to forward them as quickly as they arrive. Ever
since this. Prussian frontier station haarefused to formird con-

traband of war to Russia and Poland, arriving from Vienna
by the Great Northern Railway, the transports are conveyed
only to Leipnick by the railroad, and thence forwarded to
Cracow on waggons by the old carriage road, whence they are
again forwarded by the railroad through Czakowa to Gra-
nitza, which causes a complete temporary interruption to our
regular traffic. Within the last month considerably more
than 100,000 cwts. of sulphur have been forwarded in this
manner from Austria to Russian Poland, and every day about
600 cwts. of this article continue to arrive, packed partly in
chests and partly in casks. -
SARDINIA.

The King on Monday opened the Chambers in person. His
Majesty delivered the speech, of which the following is a sum-
mary :
The year which has closed has been for me a period of
heartrending and cruel visitations.
I have not hesitated to unite the arms of Sardinia to those
Powers who are struggling in the cause of justice, in behalf
of the civilization and independence of the nations. It is a
proud thing for our soldiers and sailors to share in the dangers
and the glories of the brave armies of France, of England, and
of Turkey. May God grant his blessing to our united efforts
to make the next peace lasting—one which shall insure to each
nation its legitimate rights.
The expenses of the war necessitate a recurrence to the
public credit, by which the government will endeavour to ren-
der the general burdens less onerous.
Let Sardinia continue to offer the noble example of a mo-
narch and his people united by indissoluble ties of mutual love
and confidence ; maintaining inviolate the bases of public wel-
fare, of order, and of liberty.
The municipality of Turin inaugurated this day the tablets
whereon are inscribed the names of the Tuscans slain in 1848,
in the war of independence. These tablets are to be placed
beside those in honour of the Piedmontese who died in the
same cause.

The Marquis Alfieri has been elected President of the Senate.

BRAZILS.

The mail steamer Avon arrived at Southampton on Tues-
day, with advices to the following dates :—Buenos Ayres, Oct.
2nd; Monte Video, Oct. Bth; Rio de Janeiro, Oct. 16th; Ba-
hia, Oct. 20th ; Pernambuco, Oct. 23rd ; St. Vincent, Oct.
31st ; Teneriffe, Nov. 4th ; Madeira, Nov. 6th ; and Lisbon,
Nov. 9th.

Business was very much interfered with, at Monte Video,
by political troubles, caused by the threatening attitude taken
by Gen. Flores against the new government. Buenos Ayres
was harassed by the approach of large bodies of Indians, who
were committing dreadful atrocities. The inland provinces
were tranquil, and the Congress assembled at Santa Fe had
recognised the loan contracted by Urqueza during the war with
Rosas. The same Congress had resisted a commercial treaty
concluded with Paraguay. When the Avon sailed the cholera
was very bad at Rio, the deaths from that disease being at the
rate of sixty-five per day. The slave population was suffering
most severely. The disease was spreading through the pro-
vince, and great uneasiness was felt lest the sending forward
of produce should be stopped. A considerable rise in the price
of coffee had taken place since the sailing of the previous
steamer. On the 30th September the quotations were 350 reis
in advance of those last forwarded, and great activity con-
tinued to prevail till the Bth October, when the excessive prices
demanded by the dealers gave a checkl to business ; but hold-
ers were firm at the sailing of the packet.