The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1878-07-02 00:00:00

WHITOBITHOH.

ACCi Dev-r. serious— -sec- -id—ea—net-tarred to a man named
Wilita,a Wheeler on Friday last. Wheeler tr.it etle.ged
in pitching bay upon • large megaton. and when fully
th. man in charge of the hone, drove them
down • slight declivity In the field, when Wheeler,
thinking the nein way Ismail be to ride, atiemphd to
nriunt the waggon from the front, whilst in maim.
He suddenly Lipped. failing lieLeiren the homes and the
*Aiwa, two of the wheels purling over the left leg
crushing it in • frightful m toner The sufferer was
the same evening cosseted I. the Bridport winkhreves,
where his injories were promptly &Vended to by Dr. Hay
who the. a ninipound frociiiee of the let
bees sustained. This Alf,rvr I• favourably greatening.

Sgrintattral Ems.

Acoooate nmeired from the Irsh provisoes of the
effect of dm Boa weather oa the mope ma very
soommatoi.

SUNSTROKE.
The intense beat which prevailed Thursday
generally throughout the &kW% Islands was tbii cause
t 4 /evert' fatalities from sunstroke. At Houghton.
North Ourbent, three persons were struck down ; at
Coosett a coke-drawer died ; in the Cardiff district two
haymakers were killed.
HORSESHOES.
The quetion whether horses shoal I or should not
be thai le main under discuasion. Tne propoeition
will crop up at late -vale until a rational Mew of the
salient comes to be taken. As • matter of physio-
logic fa fitness B thing more indefensible than the use of
sloe. Cl 3 bd winwl. Not only it the mode of
attaching them by nails injurious to the h rif, it is the
probable, if not the evident, name of many affections
of the foot and leg which impair the viatfulneos and
must affect the comfort of the animal. Mather bones
could work on our roads without some protecti in it
another question. We think it would be found that
the natural struc are would adapt itself to any
ordinary rerviirsonento Thee is, however, • wile
difference of opinion upon this pomt, among fuel ii, tee
on horse managemen,, and the pr olein is not likely to
be finally solved until the experiment has been tried.
—Lanett

kIt.DENTING OPEIt kTIOVS F gi JULY.
(tuteatted fru,* " Maio's'. A nnteu rt. Guide drpti•
culture, IS:8.)

July is like January in one respect for garlen•re,
for ••erythin4 olepor.d• upon the wratber. It may b•
hot, with frequent 'ivory rain• and vefl aloe in the
mint lutoriant irrowth or the each h sy be iroll and
the be oven• brae*, with Or-WOO a blade to be men. The
light dying showery Ulm, usual, occur in July do n d
render woe, unnecessary ; in fact, • heavy soaking of
• cr ,p after am i•lerate rainfall is a valuable aid Li its
growth, 1., it rrgoiree a long-condoned heavy down-
pour to pea-trate te, the 11.0.111.
HitOCIA/LI to be planted out.. befit. many of
wawa left over from former plantings wit now be
Stint and wrong. and make useful successions Sow
eral.dpoo••• from the 10th t o the 20th.

ctltbM;E'l ',quire special attention now, as they
begin to he valnaule, awl will be more and more so a.
the seas in advance'. Sow Urge sort, for autumn
planting. At what particolar date to sow cabbage
this to uith must be determine' by the latitude of the
place. In the North he first aesk is none t early ;
in tbe filid'amis the lOah to the 20th la early enoitrh ;
In the South the seed need not be sown until quite the
sod of Ole month.
CARthrON:si to be thinned to one plant in each
station. and that of c uarut the strongest
CELERY to be planted out is showery weather. It
Ii too late to sow now except for soups, and only •
small sowing should be made, at it may not come to
anything.
Ut3CrSillitß4 on ridge' generally do well without
water, but they must not he allowed to suffer from
drought. If watering must be dons, make sure first of
sof riveter well warmed by exposure to the man, and water
them liberally three or f tur evenings in succession, and
then give no more for • week or so,
EN UI YE to be sown for winter. It will be well to
wake two sowings, say on the first and ladit days of the
_

GARLIC', SHALOM, TREE ONIONS, and
POTATO ONIONS to be taken up as they ripen,
but not In undue haat*, foe they will not keep well
unless full ripe.
KIDNEY BEANS. A few of the earliest dwarf
sorts sown in the first week may be useful, but it is
not advisable to sow largely, batboy may be cut off by
bow just ae they are beginning to bear.
LEEKS to be planted out in trene.hes prepared as
for celery.
PARSLEY to be sown for winter use. This is a
most important matter even in the smallest garden.
PEAS seld im do much good when sown later than
June, but thugs who care to risk a little labour for a
late di-h may sow such sorts as Sutton's Ringleader,
Button'. Improved t'harnpion, and Advancer.
POTATION to he taken up as soon as the haulm
begins ti wither, without waiting for it to be utterly
dead, as the act of lilting will promote complete
ripenin; of the roots. Qaick growing sdrts may be
planted to di.; as new potatoes in the autumn.
It thi4ilE4. Sow Black Spanish for winter use.
WINTER GREENS of all kinds to be planted out
laiilenty in the best ground at command, alter &good
og, and to be aided with water for a week or so
Li t weather I. dry.
TUII N I to lie sown in goantity In the early part
of the month ; tbin adrai,cing crop., and keep the hoe
In action einiing,t them.
AG RI 'U LT URA L P ROSPECTAt .

Up to May 1 our arable prospects were bright and
protulaar. NYhest had tilled well and early, spring
cr pis had planted satiafactorily, and there wan ample
vegetatio... But all thi• has changed, and the vista
ha.' become gloomy and unpo•fitable, especially on the
arable, usoirain A, heavy, and poorly farina I land in
the southern half of England, for we have had Seven
week. of wet weather, with a low temperature, night
frusta, and an Almon' of mundane, and, in fact, since
April an unmationah'e time. I las ripening proc-m is
wantiog compostaly there has been an exuberant
growth of succulent re:station. and in irket gardener'
have f anti glutted marketa for cabbage and Mom
The wheat plant, haviog in vie govel ire ehoote before
May, has arithstoal the raceme 01 min batter than
birlay or "Ws, but caiin .t be a great crop. atrlev,
e ion on aro, light tools. hLS been tho grocest
sufferer, having that juin-heed appearance whi.b is
fatal to it. full der I .poopmt. On warn friable soils
there am exceptions, especially on those which suffer
cum: from very by oe %eons. N., &ROA many of the
fine bores -f cereals have perished from supsoastura-
ti .n. Ihe absence of ripening weather has pre.
muted the development of bloom both in Movers and
peas. The brat is • bulky crop, but will, no doubt,
lose much weight in drying. Theis will be • defi-
ciency .4 green peas althou.th there never vu. m. TS
promising growth .4 tine Opt slug it busy with them
on odd stiff laud—and althouch there is an uuu.ual
breadth grown thin year, I f .ncy that the Loodon
market will not he over supplied. I fear that our
blue pea crop on an 8-acre Mild on the chapel land
will.. injored. It is superb looking, hall of vLour,
but there is an inroct or magg,t in some .4 the bloom
heath which prevent+ the hhom and pea forma•ion. I
must not minplain of my wheat crop (65 acre.) but it
will not lie the grand yield which we 011011 expoctoti
the ears pours le slowly, and I don't wonder at it. for
I can wear my great cort with c union ia the evening.
Altogether 1 loidc mon thin season as an unprofitable
one for arable farmers,".for *sprig s are heavy, the
work of the farm has been bhp lered and delayed by
excess of rain. and I fear that our friends who let out
their steam ploughs, have had an uncomfortable time
lately. The growth of weeds has been extraordinary,
and., in spite of fr• moot bores and hand hoeinizs, there
are still too many left. Blai-k gram, in the lines of
wheat, has been hand pulled in great bunches, for it
luxuriates in moloure, and is indigenous on our heave
lamb Vetches are a luxuriant crop of gr en food. I
never mol any. Our 73,000.000 acres
ntAfirmanent
r:ouau'eral(ilemt;nbe'd;f ~Ifieoreurwfilrabeida great bulk of hay, if iseason t
can be harvested favourably. Already there Its a con.
siderable fall in price. Manual labour is somewhat in
stows. for men are returning from the manufacturing
districts, were employment ham brooms scarce. This
will prevent a rise of prim. Owing to the laid and
matted coodition of clover, we are paying 8.. per acre
and beer, which is double the price we paid a few
years sinoe. It should he remembered that only ls.
per acre increase represent a total of £1,350.000 on our
fanned area. Landowners should oulaider this.
Wheat is mining into est, so we may hops to begin
harvest about August I. IJamvared farmyards must
have cau.ed much lose of manure lately, Stock
fanners are best off this year. In fact we must look
to meat (which mean* manure making) aa our sheet
anchor—for if this low prim of wheat contianes, it
will be • bad ease foe lb* mere corn farmers. We
bear alarming accounts of the great wheat harvests in
foreign countries, and there is a Suez Canal now, and
India, a new and near market of supply. The
want of drainage to carry of the May and June
downpours will carom a heavy lose, as compared
with the annual charge of draining. I knew of several
caam where the crops have been plunged of There
would be many leas faros thrown on the landlord's
hands if the land was drained and other suitable con-
ditions provided. Farms, excepting choice ones, are
still at a dimming, and I hear of many farmers looking
saxiou. for the termination of their lessee. If the
pries of whe at continues to rule low, this will be • had
year for the English farmer. We hear at present,
better accounts of Scotland and Ireland. We are
diesappointesl /,f our fruit in thie neighbourhood. No
gooseberries, few cherries, apples, or I ears. The
bloom was alsundant, but come to nought. Rasp.
berries are, they say, promisbig.--Jime 17.—Jam
30.—Two warm days, but still ho much moisture and
too little rutmlaue. The official United Staten
estimate of their wheat crop is 50.000.000 quarters—
prices fallen rapidly. Heavy losses by the speculation
for • astir isrice. One hursdred and nim thousand
quartets of foreign wheat calilei to Port of London last
week. As we have in the United Kingdom 23 903.314
acres of permanent pasture, and 6.450 401 acres of
diver, seldom, and greases under cultivation, and as
they are especially favoured this moist mama, yrs need
Dot be suria.sol at the fall in pries of butter, ml k,
and cheese. Only Is. per acre difference on thin
1111111eolee area represents • sum of £1,518,118, either
M quantity or value. Them must certainly be a
moat tenable increase in the a. odurtion f aima Gin°
fanners have little to I,av for horse or manual labour,
semi or machinery. —J. J. Meelti, Tipteee.
THE AGRICULTURAL LABOURER.

The friends of the Agricultural Lab..urer have much
mew rerin for rtislasii.in and congratulation than
they used to have. It is, indeed. imprible to
imagine any creature mare shiftier and dependent
than the pauper labourer of former times It ie not too
much to any that at one period 3 out of ever, 20
labourers drew iscasi ouil relief from their parish. lb.
pariah was their club, their insuran e ottios. At every
stage of their existence they looked bib. public puree
for aid. They were horn generally at the public wet,
and buried in the same w..y. There never wag each
an err idling career as that of the poor labourer—the
pauper of other days They esterid life uninvited,
arid at very much required, aid berme at their first
breath everybody's harden
All men sow can lay something by for a ring day,
bit tbn old rtuSer'r day of sickness brought bin
larantly nu tbe parish. Idost men may now pearl&
fr their old age, but not to the ancient pauper. One
halfpenny & week will ensure • man • &oast burial,
but your of I pauper could not &Hoed be outlay. He
ws sin&T, in trouble, and constantly troublesome
it.= birth to buriaL IVhat • career! Helped by the
pada clouts into life, • pauper, supported through it
a teepee, sad carried to his germ • pauper.
It was may to indulge is cheap abeas of the
guardrail of the p.m% but what could they do but he
strict when the bulk of the rural population stood
costlntardly knoaklng at their doors Ice every kiwi of
help? Timis, however, ban. changed, and at the
Fint ra& 7:ldree me may mak, "why should work.
.. /Wink* PalleatiMe wee them other ;nosier
They onght, like other p., in rear an
ladepeadeoree for the et ari old age.
Aid they msekker.do enIV, kW tank 10110 oar sril
Awe 69 IS

A labouring man may provide for himself through
We if he onnmenew the practice of husbanding his
wages in time. He may lo so by means of small
weekly paymenta to any sound club, friendly society,
or Insurance "dice, or by any other method which may
render him in point of fact a capitalist on a into
ecale, and sums for hint a humble income, whenever
his earninn eases Suing should bgzin le_ youth.
Two or thro• days' illness the average within the
year when mes are healthy and less than 35 or 40
run oil; afterwards the number steadily increases.
Many persons have no Idea what a large sum may be
accumulated by the laying by of small savings. and
how substantial a slow growth of this kind proves to be.
Mr. G. C. I'. Bartley, manager of the Natioeal Penny
Bank, soya on this point that if every man were to
Invent for his future benefit nee week's pay a year, or
say 31. out of every 15t received an wages, he would
he able to keep at full pay during dines.. and would
have sufficient money left to pay for medical stun I.
&nen .n 36 refers to persons under 35 yearn of age
Over that age the icur.uance would cet more. As
regard§ burial money, the same principle of insurance
applies. Twenty-three persons die every year out of
every thousand of the whole population of this country,
or about one in every 44. And if every one put by •
halfpenny a week there would be just burial money
for each person who died.
The provi-ion for annuities or pensions in oil age Is
calcula el by insurance societies is the .6,64 Principle.
and could he as easily secured if persons wouid only
begin when young. "Ha thousand persons." says
Mr. Bartley. '' starting at 90 Year* 14 age, were to
look ahead, •nil determine to secure pensions •1 half
their °showy earnings to all who lived to be 65 yea .5
ot age, a few pence a week would do it. The
mist none Li, persons wait till they we nearly 50. and
then it is too iii" The principle of all sa-uronoe Is
lore exhibited. If • man 23 years old would untie
95. a week • ck par he mos.. pay over t o a Life club,
society, or offi e J 'it 51. a week. A labourer can
provide for himself sick toy, medical attendance.
prosi in in old aze, and burial motor for the sum of
61. per week. if ho begins toying in when young, and
he may do this without en..roaching on his conrons
or ri bins anyto•ly, except pm-hope ths puislican.
Wears inclined to think 'tau lout organisati on to
which the employer is a party may prove in the long
run the most eucceotul mesas of coaling thelabourer
to provite tor himself ; hut however that may be, this
Is the p.inciple ii inouranca If • man jdu the
National Penny Bank with 61. a week. an I belongs
to the healthiest clues—ciao A.—and Is un ler 33 yes.
31 L per we It would go to the gen-ral fund and
20. to his private fund. In a year be would have
It.. in his private fund. If he were ill, be would be
able to draw sick pay of 64, for seven weeks; that is.
fin every 3 I. in his &Tait he would be odlowed 91.
from the general fund. If he was not ill for two years
he cull draw for 14 weeks, and so on. If be wee ill
hit a few day.' or a week, be would only use • little of
his savings, and the reonaiuder would remain to his
credit. In this society, then, a man must have money
iu his deposit account, and the relief to which be is
entitled comes partly out of his private fund and
partly out sit the general fund, and the relief only
lasts as long as the member's deposit remains
unexhauste.l. If he belongs to class A, 91. is taken
from the general fund fer every 3d. taken from his
private fund. In clam B, • less healthy class, 81,
I. token f every 41. ; incise. C, 61. for ever &1.,
and in clam I). 41. from the general fund for every
81. from the oember's private fund.
These are important details for farm labourers, and
incidentally for their employer.. What the labouring
class require in teaching and organisation, so as to set
before them the advantages of thrift and insurance,
and to open for them opportunities; of safe investment.
No man could better perform the required work than
Mr. G. C. 'l'. Bartley ; but although his name is
widely known, the names of Messrs. Arch and Mitchell
are still mire widely known. And thus famous
agitators and favourite orators could not perform a
more imp irtant service to the labouring clams, than by
showing them how to provide for themselves in the
emergencies of life, and how to work out a real
independence.
Lent year, at Ham Hill, Mr. Mitchell took the cat.
o'eninetaila for his text. and explained to • smiling
audience how that terrible instrument of cruelty was
uud lin the backs of the people. This year we hope
that he has expounded his riddle, and told the
Sonoesoatshire labourers that the cat he really referred
tow.. imprudence, that its scourge of nine tails wu
the natural r.-oult of improvidence, and that no young
late.urer getting from 134. to 16s, soweek at 18 or 19
year. olil, ought ever to he lacerated by this so-called
and most unnecemary catoo'minetails. Mr. Mitchell
should explain that when be abuses the "upper"
cluees he iuten.ls to allude metaphorically to various
temptations which potluck:nu gat the upper band of
the labourer, and which oppress and grind him down
in their effects. The ragged shirt displayed by Mr.
Mitchell is no d subs employed as a type of that
unhappy pauperism which I. no longer • misfortune
but • shame. Mr. Mitchell &boatel give there explan-
ations and then follow up with • good lector' on
insuran-e. . . .

'lltere is no objection whatever to Mr. Mitchell
finishing off with tirew,rxr, but we think that he
ought to introduce less wind and more solid itettruetion
In his ad tresses, glace hi. objel. 14 to, rai.e a simple-
minded class of the eummunity to ea imoroved
mental, moral, and material position.—atartealteral
Gazette.