The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1860-01-03 00:00:00

Parliamentary IP aperz.

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pniatiald

The

rest,
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EMIGRATION.-A paper has been published, (riving
copies or extracts of despatches relative to emigration to
the North American colonies (in continuation of Par-
liamentary Paper No. 165, of Session 1853), ordered by
the House of COMIIIO/111 to be printed, on the motion of
Mr. Chichester Fortmeue, 11. P. It hence appears that
the total number of emigrants landed at Quebec during
the year 1858 was 12,810 (4,442 male adults). fhe
emigrants were conveyed in 154 ships, of 101,737 tons,
and navigeted by 4,211 seamen There were 1,696 cabin
and 11,114 steerage passengers. The emigrants included
6,441 English (cabin and steerage), 1,153 Irish, 1,424
Scotch, trn Germans, and 2,656 Norwegians. The
emigration of 1858 exhibits the large decrease of
19,:e37 souls. The average per annum (ruin 1529 till
now has been about 30,000; the aggregate uumber
during that period is 913,815 souls. The return gives
the number of persons who have been aided in their
emigration to this country by private individuals,
charitable institutions, or under the unction of the
Poor Law Commissioners. The total somber emisted
was 353-44 male adults, 246 females, and 63 children;
and time amount paid aniongiliem on arrival here was
£n96 IT.. sterling. The nuaer sent out from Ragland
was 118 persous • 49 of whom, 24 boys and 26 girls,
were sent out by le London Reformatory Schools; and
15 men, 20 women, and 34 children were sent out by the
parishes. From Ireland there were 232 vis.,
2 males, 201 females, and 21 children from the Poor
Law Unions, and • further party of 22 adult females
were sent out by the Rev. Mr. Roach of Wexford.
The single females have been all readily disposed of,
chiefly in Western Canada, in the Ottawa district, wnere
their services are eagerly sought for by the fanners.
Among the party sent out from the Gorey Union were
several willows, accompanied by their children, whom it
was found extremely difficult to find places for. Few
persons are dieposed to engage the services of women so
" encumbered." It is desirable that the attention of all
pour law commissioners 'should be drawn to this fact,.
so as to cheek iii some degree the conigratioia of Ws
class, whom it cannot be an object to transfer to Canada,
where no public provision whatever exists for their
support. The condition of ouch persons is very far from
being improved by emigration, and in most cases great
distress accompanies the unfortunate family wherever
they may be ultimately placed in that country. In the
course of tile season complaints were made in two cases
of infringement of the Passengers' Act, and in both it
was found necessary to institute legal proceedings. The
first was against the master of the James Jardiue, from
Liverpool, for a short issue of provisions. The second
was against the master of the Charlotte A. Staruber,
likewise from Liverpool. In the first case the master
was fund; in the second the dispute was compromised.
The Provincial Passengers' Act, which commenced on
the lot of January last, will greatly protect the emigrants
on arrival. The total expenditure of the emigration de-
partuieut was $32,659. Taking all the arrivals in
Canada, including those rid the United States, it would
appear that out of a total number of 38,014 emigrants,
12,3.0 remained in Canada, of whom nearly all settled
in West Canada. The falling off in the emigration of
1858 is not assignable to any local CAM., but rather to
the condition and prospects 01 the classes who emigrate
in their respective countries in Europe. Emigrants are
advised by no lUCAIIII to engage " through" passages to
the Far West, at least not without the strictest inquiry
beforehand. An usual, it is hinted that strong active
men, habituated to agricultural pursuita, are most
wanted in Canada. Good female servants will find
places readily if not " encumbered" with families of
children, which is a fatal objection. Skilled artisans
and mechanics are not advised to go out. Farmers with
capital will always do well in Canada. It appears that
about one-third of the emigrants to Canada proceed to
Quebec, and two-thirds enter the province by the
suspension-bridge at the falls of the Niagara. The
persons most de trap in Canada are widow women
burdened with families of children, and it is earnestly
requested by the authorities that they may not be sent
out under any circumstances.
Tot CONBOLIDATILD FUND.-This fund, as every one
knows, is debited with • very miscellaneous colisin
of the public expenses. In the year ending the 31at of
March the total payments; made out of it amounted to
£1,210,655, of which £546,591 referred to Royalettablisle
inents and allowances, and 1160,395 to pensions al
various kinds, while £157,665 was for Eateries, and
£1,036,001 for "other payments." As regards the Arse
class of payments, Her Majesty's privy purse took
£3851100; pensions under Ist. Victoria, cap. 2, £18,225;
the Prince Consort, £31,000; the Duchess of Kent,
£30,000; the Duchess of Cambridge, £8,000; the
Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelits, £3,000; the Duke of .
Cambridge, £12,000; the Princess Mary of Cambridge,
£3,000 ; the Prince of Mecklenburg-Strelits, £1,788;
the King of the Belgians, £50,000; and the Princess
Frederick William of Prussia, £7,578. In the second
class, naval and military pensions absorbed £37,825;
pensions for civil services, 38,977 ; pensions for judicial
, services, £18,966; the hereditary pension of the Duke
at Marlborough, £4,000; that to the heirs of the Duke
of Schumberg. £2,160; • moiety of the Earl of Bath's
pension, £1,200; the servants of George 111., Queen
Charlotte. and Queen Caroline, £2.925 ; pensions
formerly on the civil list of George IV. and William
IV., £38,018; and Irish compensations for loss of
emolument, judicial pensious, and pensions formerly on
the cavil list, £26,294. The salaries paid out of the
fund were, to the Speaker of the Howse of Commons,
£6,200; the Controller• General, £2,000 ; the COW-
nossioners for Auditing the Public Accounts, £5.38);
the Lunacy Coimuissioners, £12,487; stipends aug-
mented to Scotch clergy. 1:17,039; ecclesiastical establish-
molt in the West Indies, £20,310; civil government of
the Isle of Man, £10,158 ; the Lonl-Lieuteassnt of
Ireland, £'2O.UOO; Maynooth College, E 26,360; the
Irish Queen's Colleges, £21,000; and miscellaneous,
£15,818. The other payaneuts were, for the diplomatic
service. £161,314; for judges and Aber, of courts of
justice, 0697,065; for interest and sinking fund on
Rumisn-Dutch Loan, £82,978; ditto on Greek Loan,
£47,400; Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital,
£20,000; secret service, £10,000; and compensation for
the loss of the duties ;se the coinage of tin, £17,246. In
the previous year the •eayments made out of the tend
were, in the first-class, £542,145' in the 'mud elms,
£194,110; in the third clam, £157,548; and in the
fourth class, 1900,188.
Pooa-Hares AND PAIIPKILIBIII.-A return (B) moved
for by the Earl of March, M.P., gives an seeeeet ci
paupers relieved on the let of slaty, 1859. The aggregate
population of the 646 union* is 17,670,006, or (at the
date of the return), 19,500,1100. and the total nunibor mt
paupers in July last was a417,082,-vis., 105,103 in. loor,
and 711,979 out•door. This is in the ratio of lin 24, or
4-20 per cent. on the estimated population. In July,
1858, the number of paupers was 825,596 ; on the Ist of
July last there were 159,925 male paupers, 356,116
few.les, 293,862 children under 16 years of age and
2,267 vagrants or vagabonds. 33.1,595 were able-bodied
paupers. 439,963 not able-bodied; 30,345 were insane;
and 2,967, as before-stated, vagrants. The industrial
tables show that of the total population of 17,927,609,
9,816,507 were aged 20 years and upwards ; of them
31-0 per cent, were engaged in mechanical arts, trade,
and service • 161 in agriculture; and 6•3 in uziuing and
mineral works.

Loss OF TH2 HTSAllinlrdsg.—Au inquiry insti-
tuted by the Board of Trade iuto the circumstances at-
tending the wreck of the Canadian mail steamer In- ,
diet', on her voyage to Quebec, was opened at Si. I
George's Hall, Liverpool, on lingaday last, before Mr.
.1. B. Mansfield and Captain Harris. Mr. O'Dowd eon.
ducted the inquiry for the Board of Trade. and dwelt in
severe terms on the conduct of the inhabitants of the
coast for their trestment of the shipwrecked people,
and recommended that the same stringent provisions
which were mole in the mother country should be ex-
tended to the colonies. Captain Smith was then ex-
amined, but his evidence contained nothing material
beyond the statements already published. The inquiry
will probably last several days.

ft grirulturt.

ROYAL AaIIOOLTOIAL COLLIaII,, 0111111.111111112H1 \
The serion was breoght to • elan on
the 21st, the pandiudiesalamthe
day. Mr. Edwafd liollandkilikettemicf
=cii
suttee of ~
prime, andlaihel=kinalp of Iltkeellsige
visitors with • ooscort, !IDA was fully sapeeleted.
Fewer Pedant, sei leMillig WM' mann sinalleeeff4l. • .;'t
oun44,r =rill. /6. whitiesteroakeopliasticredga.m.
miemon. ag'ineke * '
as age more likely to diptve fuji lii
legiata system. Uadm imputed
every peospeet el the eillege Dona, er4
ing its purpose, bet gen oLits espresse
laming • m preolt fee the- -
Baru anne
iiit= in.—Visairlrbeek.o4l=
Tiekhill, Mt. ibill 1"01 V
serious lose by
harm ireileosi
6,atittatioariollissimikaviol liar* Aram& of 40 pa
besides several
int supposed that Shay .
diZulloth tnionldneVy3Sawilt7 th.vAlt
several !beep, hems, on lies 41132t2f°'.1"
since an investigation has been seals, which
testis* to the belief that they have all beedfliciseftenc 'WO
by rape cake which hail hese forwarded to Mr. -
hard from Isiverppol as manure, but wee lima tjeime . -
for cattle. An analysis of the sake shows that id ster ,
tains mineral poison. Notwithstanding the heavy lees
already entailed upon the owner it is leered list Mb
will be inentased by several others, as loth sheep,
horses, and cattle are affected to rah en ezient iliel
the_y are not expected to recover.
YORK °BRAT HORS! BROW, —The annual Mine
show and fair at the city of York commenced on the
19th nod closed on the 24th ult. It was vrell Winded i
by all the eminent horse dealers Rout Loudon, Man-
chester, Birmingham, Bristol, tßagrow, Sdiviborgly aid ,
other chief towns in the kingdom. There were aloe *4
some dealers from the Continent MIA perelmweesAse .t.•
Army purposes. In the either pan • ettbe week Ilea to
severity of the storm was a cheek It belilmem,
nevertheless a large number of transeetioes Yule elem- •..
plated—the demand for &mimes of merit In PP, de. ••••• •
pertinent wearing redumerative prices, and boldlyg riet 'v-
an inducement for breeders. I:Monet the disalerecrese ...,
disappointed, however. in not being able tonffest maim. • , •
Mr. Murry, of Bronghtonmerws,iffeschesteri slowed LS ....
find-clats Irish hunters, ages from In to eighty equal to • •
heavy weights, without Meeting Cuttomens et hispices. -•
But notwithstanding t hese draw becks, the matinee*, eise ..
of oonsidertble bonnets, end in young boom foe. • • ,•
from the breeders, and capable ri iimpreelmest, the di. '•
mend was fully equal to the supply. The followimernsep -
be taken as an Approximation to the quotations of the
market :—Huntera—bigh.bred young horses, broke
for the hunting field, 1000. to 400 p. each. Mongers.
—horses of celebrity, 300 gs. be 600 p. Govar,beeks„
20gs. to 40gs. Well-bred young horses, with ipeed action,
for carriage ppposes, 50p. to 70p. "MM., s!.•P•
ping homes, Adapted for browbeat and' • sdr=
4
work, 30p. to 70p. Useful feet. '
for single harness, 30p. to lOgs. ' .abtficlfr
jointed young horses for linslinsy wino 15 50850 Al.
Wel:4ol=od powerful young heroes lets US" KOKRYWIII
work, 30gs. to logs. Well-bred ennipaetr. he -
221 p. Beat-going la
ing compact ths, tilt Irish
Ponies, two to three years old, figs, • to-.
young NM horses suitable for Landon ireitif.lop. 1i5...f...
35p. and 45p. Useful seasoned hermit AO Vt '
tent porpoises and machine work,llop. tit *pi
yorivold cart horses, 16p. to 26 p.

THE USE OF MARL • ••
of marl as a top-dressingfor Ladled beim
for many centuries Although tholesielichil
effects have been highly satisfastod,dtw the *Oho hi' •
aomewhat decreasing. The good results havilieelV maul-
and it certainly has the well-eMaited repute et
been • valuable adjabet to the varies, seams
adopted for the improvement of lead. The Mit marl,
strictly speaking, is limited to such calearrions Mirth se
is more generally of a soapy and adhesive teassietor ;
but the term has been extended to the are of other
materials, anti embraces earths whisk are spits des*
tate of lime. Extensive tracts of mots twat ha',
through this agency been rendered valsabitlir
purposes. counties of Wedgy Morn=
folk, especially present themselves to oar ••
' OS.
dance of the great advantages resulting fromveit=
tice. Thousands decree whichwere meet
and useful only as rabbit warrens, Me WOW
cultivated, and have been so frost the Mm. their
marling. There are, however, gra OW tie MN fry
quent which show that at nq daLithlrland will
again require the same liberal width have
already so powerfully promoted aehrility.
This attics in
,part bra- the washing awe, of the
marl, hut also front this'ilisselles of high • farina*, The-
natural loos is one which might reasonably be exposited
as being.esiallomid be ge• merioi crop. _frAd the
of •••••i *OlO the opil ; but tha"Morie -el AV' •
Milissapply elf marl is not at commonly *sad to the
hstioductionof 0,04 ilattii of farming es t
be. We seed to Ina‘ntaic tbe soil a constant bolassek -
der is we adsf to lhe eSlinimitros whisk stimulate the
Mod to yifJcriir* tile* its ordinary pewee...ye
amid we give it atrebitli to 'mature these ltrope, othar-'
wise they partially fail.
Much of the land Ishii& has shown such sessitill
provement from the um m marl was originally's, f 'Mfg a
sandy character. ' 'nub ifildition of strong end nitstisteve
earth, either combined 'With lints or lot, is Ihommitibel
might halm's, supplied it with powers it did *A 41
shindy poetess, and the, land ,tiertth
yield • wheat-crop was' afterwards prod
plant. This has been followed by or pion
ping, and we have been steadily inereasingerraft, •
tions of ammoniscal manures, consequently
which received its
_marl several years since is iteei=r_
worked to a considerable dhievaatage. The
to the manure of the farm do not produce their ammo-
touted return. Too often we have weak straw with Our
barley crops. We have a downward tendency evident
in our wheat crop: one tiara seeds are more dillionle
to bring to perfection, and yet all them results are in
the face of • higher system of manuring.
It forcibly recalls to our minds the *lanes which
ain't be maintained in the soil. The addition to an
excess is of little avail unless we employ other agents
capable of pairing off, as it were, with theme in exams
Comparatively speaking, there is little advanterrier be
gained by adopting a system by which yen from time to
time enrich your land with saleable arameniamil
manures, unless the soil is stored with • sufficient sup.
ply of the other materials which mud amouipany them
M the development of the crop. The more rapid the
course of cropping adopted upon these improved sande,
the quicker will the marl applied be exhausted; and**
higher the system of farming that is practised, the more
important is it to keen the stability of the soil in such
condition that it shall be competent for the duties which
the stimulating power* of the manure may demand.
Valuable then as the marl may be because of its fer-
tilising character as a manure, by the food thus sup-
plied to the plant, it has another influence upon the
soil which is not to be overlooked. The power which •
soil possesses of holding the manure entrusted le the
care makes • material difference in its economical value.
If one soil has the power of holding a liberal =My of
manure upon which the growing crop can feed, and
subsequently retains the readies for the succeeding crop,
many advantages are gained. In such • ems you can
form the growth of the former, knowing hill well that.
if more manure should be added than the atop voquiees.
the surplus will be reeerved for future (Mee. It is is*
the fryer* with those which have but fish* power-or
retaining manure, such as our sandy boils. Her. we
find it necessary to apply the menu'. with • lees liberal
hand and more frequently, so that sore sails beams*
much more costly to manure than *Wirt 'which keop
what is placed in their cam. The employment of snob
bodies as are used for marling the lareff very matorielip
favours this preservative *hermitic, sad In their um
upon the land valuable benefits will be roam, hem
this mode of acition.
The application of marl involves • eossidendlie eset,
and we feel assured that great 'demitasse would ohms
result (rein a careful 'Lamination of different beds 01
marl. These often vary considerably in composi-
tion, and consequently is their quality. After the ap-
plication has been made it is by no means dillesh to
form • sorra:* opinion as to their relative vales, but
oftentimes this is too late for a /aide. We know in-
stances of beds of marl equally conveedenk,
available, yet of vastly different fertilising powers7l.l
yet the variation between their value has not bow
fully known until • considerable outlay bus bees made.
The permission of such information where tere sr more
beds are available may often prove to be of great vale*,
and before any extended outlay is made it is always
advisable to gain hill inform at on upon the value of the
materials available. We know that a greet MAIO=
often exists in the proportion of phosphone sold pre-
rent, some containing six eight, or even ten times*"
much of this body as other marls. Theme marked dif-
ferences !seldom exist to this extent in cootiguous hods,
but an increase to three or four times the quantity of
phosphoric acid is by no means automates.
Probably one of the most important qualities cf marl,
and in which there is as great a variation as is any re-
spect, lies in its absorptive powers. This we are new
beginning to eatiuiate at a MOTO correct value, for we
know that by giving to • sod the power Of absorbing
ammonia we really add to it an equivalent for this kw-
Wising matter. To this we might add that them is •
great difference in the quantity of soluble silica in ear
marls, and this offers another inducement for having the
marl carefully examined, so as to select the most
able bed. bed. Knowing as we do the tesportemes ef the
pretties of marling, and feeling assared that ã,-
stances will will for some time to come render ea inesesse
of this work necessary in each succeeding season, we
suggest the propriety of not delaying its use AO as to
allow the indigence of previous applications to be itz•
heisted, but rather by a discreet and early resowal lo
maintain the land in • high degree of tstiilibs.