The Stourbridge Observer, Cradley Heath, Halesowen & District Chronicle.
Stourbridge, West Midlands, England, 1876-09-23 00:00:00

t't;•:

:P U LITE RMACHER'S PATENT,
G''C CHAIN-BANDS, BELTS, BATTERIES,
RECENTLY IMPROVED.
eipproved by the Academy of Medicine of Paris
oMer Medical Authorities ix Englaud cutd abroad.
Electricity' the prime actor in the prosess of life,
pervades all living organism, and its identity with
nerve foroe is no:coujuncture, but a positive scien-
tific fact, known to all versed in the teachings o
Electro-phyisology.
Consequently in nervous exhaustion, local debility
and various functional disorders it is Nature's sole
and most congeniel remedy. ;The self-application of
this wonderful physical agent has become easy and
agreeable to the patient, and accessible to all by the
recent improvements.
In contradistinction to those unprincipled adver-
tisers who publish statements solely on their otos
owthoriey, Ms. Pt•tvlemlemnit refrains &ern putting
forward any statements of his own in favour of his
Medico-Galvanic Applianoes, but confines himself to
quotations from the opinions of competent medical
and scientific authorities, including Sze C. Locoex,
Bart., M.D., W.R.C.S.; Ste HIBIsaY HOLLAND, Bart.,
M.D., F.R.C.S., and F.R.S.; Sir J. R. MARTIN, Bart.,
C.B. F.R.C.S. F.S.A., and F.R.S. ' • Sir W. FIIRGUR-
sox:Bart., F.R.C.S., Ste.
THE BONA-FIDE EVIDENCE of the efficacy of these
appliances is supplemented by the following para-
graph recently found in the standard work (p. 76,
1867) of Joax lima, M.D., Clinical Professor of Ob-
stetrics at Cincinnati
"In those oases where it is desirable to produce
a continuous current of galvanism and without the
intervention of conductors or electrodes, there is
no instrument superior to Pnlvermscher's Improved
Galvanic Chains. . . These chains are very use-
ful in many nervous disorders,
Muscular Debility,Aphoaia Rheumatism
Hemiplegia lElipopey Dyspepsia
Paralysis ;Torpid Fever Paralysis, Bladder
Central Paralysis Asthma Chorea
Spinal Paralysis
;Amenorrhoea Impotency
Neuralgia Dysmenorrnoea Writers Cramp
Sciatica !Spinal Irratition Hysterical Cramps
Stiff Joints Nervous Debility and Contractions
Hysteria !Constipation oss of Smell
Hysteric Paralysis Deafness Nervous oss- of Taste, &c.
M. PIILYERMADICER challenges the strictest in-
vestigation of the numerous documents and testi-
monials, medical and private, which are published
in his Pamphlet, " GALVANIs3I, NATURE'S CRIB/
Rini:Tonne OF IMPAIRED VITAL ENERGY." sent post
free for a stamps, by applying to J. H. PULVER-
MACHER'S GALVANIC EsTABLISHMENT,
194, REGENT STREET LONDON W.

PICTURES FRAMED
From the Cheapest and Best Mouldings.

A NEW SELECTION OF PATTERNS,
Best English Gold Work.
OXFORD FRAMES, IN OAK
Plain, Stained, or Polished, from 4d. each.
OLEOGRAPHS, CIIROMOS
Colored and Plain Picture'.
SCRAPS AI) CUT-OUT iELIEF3.

C LARKE,
ARCHER '

TUE OXFORD FRAMING DP.POT,

71, IUG liS VIZ E 7', STOURB ItID GE.

A DON KI4:Y. CARP atl.l EIARNI?:SS to be
W.L.. Court Ltui, Stourbridge

IVANTED to buy a little property in Stour-
%..r f. 200. App:y Reed
sip a.7tio!wurs 2,l(Rlie.rwinsto. str,et
Wore ester Street, Kidderminster.
St 'lt britige, an I 13,

be ~.lotirbriby O'i-,crucr.
, -

ruitDAY, s Ie,PTEMBER :23, 1876.

Genesis, in its fourth chapter, furnishes a
narrative of the works of Tubal-Cain, a man of
might, who was accustomed to fashion the:spear
and sword. Inasmuch as iron of itself would
be scarcely likely to make anything like a sharp
swerd, we are irresistibly driven to the con-
clusion that Tubal-Cain must have known some-
thing of the proeerties f steel, and that the
process of hardening and refining iron nia-e, at
all events in its rudimentary arts, have been in
a degree familiar to him. Awl as iron is not
generelly found scattered promiscuously on the
surface of the earth, or growing like trees, or
cast up by the sea like so much shingle upon
our coasts, but has to be sought for deep down
into the bowels of the earth, there can be no
question that miners and mining must have
had an existence in the days of which we speak,
and that although the primitive excavators had
net the applieunces of modern times, they cer-
teinly continued to raise the ire n from the
mines, to separate the metal from the dross, and
to fashion such spears and swords as ensweree
their purposes in time of war. They knew but
little of such institutions as blast furnec es, but
they had sufficient discrimination to use the
natun.l resources which had been placed by
Nature in their hands.
, In all ages great value and importance has
lnen attached to the possession of iron. Gold
and silver are known as precious metals ; but
the value of iron is (o:tainly ines j Liable. The
Grades claim the cri'die of the di-co 'Try of
iron, but in the face of what has be m written
about Tnbal-Cain, that claim is clearly unten-
able. There were numbers of iron furnaces
amongst the Romans, and the Parthian arrows,
whieli inflicted such enormous damage ueoa the
Roman armies, showed that the use of iron was
well understood in Asia Minor. For theeee
13.1e-hien arrows were n)thing le a than f muid-
, able belts of iron, which transfixed the Retnau
S &rad generaly nailed them to the
all lands has the value of iron been
recogaised, and in such high estimation was it
held by the Germans that long ago the iron
wa instituted as an order for the reward
of me, it in the battle-field, and the valiant
soldier desires no better rocogui ina of his ser-
vices before the enemy than its bestow-ti. Yet
it seems strange that up to a few yeti's ago a
metal upon which a great industry had been
built and the enduring qualifications of which
were so well known, should not have been put
to a more extensive national service than it was.
From the days when England first owned a ship
as a component part of her navy, through the
reigns of long lines of monarchs, and for a
quarter of a century into the reign of Queen
Victoria, when a new vessel was wanted for the
fleet, recourse was had to " the oak, the brave
aid oak, the pride of the forest green." And. as
the commercial intercourse of the country in-
creased, and the greater necessity existed for
for keeping up a powerful navy, the
demands upon the oak increased to such
an extent as to induce our shipbuilders
to wish that those of our forefathers
who bad lived a thousand years ago had
planted oak to a much greater extent than they
die. All at once wood was dropped for the pur-
pose of shibuilding to a very consilerable
extent and iron was extensively used in its
stead. That is to say vessels are now made of
wood alone, bat they are protected with several
_inches of iron. Twenty or twenty-four inches
are no uncommon measurement of armour
for a formidable ship of war; and the use of
iron in the construction of steamers for the
mail services all over the world is now so well
knOwn as not to require a detailed reference.
But the constructors of the navy are not con-
tent even with impressing iron into the service
of the State. Half-a-dozen steel corvettes are
forthwith to be added to the fleet, and these are
to be swift, well-armed vessels, to serve as
cruisers. It seems that shipwrights have for
some time regarded steel with a favourable eye,
for it is tougher, and far less liable to fracture
than iron. These six steel vessels are to be
completed and ready for service with their
engines on board within two years, and the way
in which the experiment answers will certainly
be watched with interest. Designed especially
for foreign service, in China and the Pacific,
and for cruising in the vicinity of our colonies,
scientific men will be curious to know how a
steel ocean-going vessel is capable of being
handled in raid sea, and whether the compasses
are more greatly affected by steel than by iron.
It is anticipated that their lightness will enable
them to make twenty miles an hour easily. This
is a remarkable speed, cousidering the resistance
of the water which has to be overcome; and
while it is hoped that these corvettes will prove
a most useful addition to the British navy, in
which all our countrymen take such an interest,
the employment of steel in the building of ships,
shows the value which our naval architects
attach to the employment of a metal which
although not so dazzling to the eye as gold or
silver, is estimated at a high rate of worth as
being of incalculable service to man.