The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1855-07-24 00:00:00

ARD.

[JULY/

held in a basin about a mile deep in tiTe de,e,ePegtri
is at the bottom of the sea, between CaPe able,,
laud, and Cape Clear, in Ireland, a reina;oo
is already known as the telegraphic Pl3tlie ~,,ti
now engaged with the project of a subrnalie 6
the Atlantic. It is proposed to carll,' wfoor
plateau, from the eastern shores of Isle bet ti
western shores of Ireland. The great circisioof
shore lines is 1,600 miles, and the seei,„o. 2(
probably nowhere more than 10,000 feet u7,l9rt
THE HABITABILITY OF TUB UNIVERS! 111,A
able to the existence of all animals ? 47
necessary ? When we consider the inn ~„111 riiiti
creatures on our own earth, some breath ;,e4
in it ; some with lungs, others without; geiliji
geologists the former existence of such stith.,
forms as those which have tenanted the e:viiejiv ,
periods, long before the creation of man; ag
restorations of the ichthyosaurus, the e',,,Tte,0014
the monstrous pterodactyl, how can we P'';ibst; i
losophical principle, to limit what may et 0 late
forms assumed by animal life ? Why is,sniter "of
moon, and the still greater moons of JII OA j
remain untenanted ? Is it merely baser PLI r 4
stand how animals can exist without air'ilist r ''
limit the power of the Creator : to den)? 10 .
any other than air-breathing creatures' i
which we have no warrant. The moon The rdi i
possess a very numerous population.
,„,voi_lc
can be urged against them is, that we bPI ,8 r
public, generally, expect too much fronl:pfor4i
gigantic telescopes yet constructed. If "ao, 01 to „
moon do not require habitations as W.,eAday:
not erect them ; if they do erect bud
fhb
. 1
chosen, for some reasons best known tO,Ol oti
them on that side of the moon's surface 04 A
towards us. Consider the similar conetA to,i,
own earth. if we turn a terrestrials 015117,1:0#01
in one direction we shall scarcely ee._.14,11'
which cities could be built ; and, certaltiaillea
.1 ,
towns. If that side of the earth were t ost Or
a distance, we might infer, from the 4.`lichlg
surface, the inhabitability of a globe " ikr oifo or
population of millions upon million!: _ „,000 ,
sake of argument, that that side of tqle`-'boiv
ably directed towards the earth, aces that s
trict which it is considered to be,,, p viresee'
belief that the other side is the,. 71ing ,
hypothesis of the moon's surgt,s It can, au_
•
founded upon philosophical:cannot exist the!,
contended that human beings ,
opinion we coincide ;
and wthe universe thrill
beings exist nowhere else in
• and to be his Id
man's world, made Essays Rev 13 n,
his future abode.— by the • 0041,01
TIE 11 GA-ST.IC JuicE --Within the retUdsofuei
lines the interior of thestomach, many r1,50r,,,, WY;
are situated. From these, through Iitr„OPAVA:
in the stomach, a liquid flows, which isbnrersatt'
believe, morel;
the gastric juice. This liquid contains so7eat) 0
of free acid, which renders it slightlY 410 .01
organic substance to which the name efP10".10
This last substance is present in the ,167 be nOO
minute proportion. Like the PtYalinnraeti°ll Pr'
it exercises a poWerful and imports
~
_,. ito
While the ptyalin changes the starch, Ilrebil 4
wards partially into lactic acid, the PePstlie' lir
free acid, reduces the fibrin of flesh to
_lO
curd of milk and the white of egg are also
the gastric juice into soluble fornis• actiollij
stances it exercises a specially dissolvingoo,
gluten of wheat, although a little flier% as el
the same. Of this gastric juice as much of °,
supposed to be poured into the stoinar.oirieaw
man every 24 hours. Thus, by the renio4oji
of the saliva and the gastric juice--;.cb,01,41
warmth of the stomach—the fat, the s'ote.ds
~,,.+
the food,are all brought into a half fluid_sbfrOV.rp'
//I
of the food is in part changed and dissolWitik at
The whole forms a greyish, gruel-like, 0 !lie
which has been called chyme. This eljitkoo),ll!'d
the narrow outlet from the stoniach'l, s'
upper part of the small intestines, Wrdeilltli 4.-rtlie;
twelve inches, has been called the (lAll' o°toit 110/$4
however, which enters the stomach Unaidite'L'Ajt
stomach itself, nor thus passes downso',lll ''or siert),
What we swallow in the liquid state-A, lrto '
soups, for example—requires no dissole on Oti'
in the stomach. They pass on, thereforeyoV
for the most part descend through the, Pof to t,
denum in a comparatively short peri,eLgiltr.7,,
from the moment that our solid foot' IF.hro oFft
stomach, it begins also to be absorbed '-„rest /
stomach itself. Minute blood-vessels %, li4
internal surface of the stomach, drink is .
food through their thin walls, and c Ai, j
mingled with the general blood. Thll4' r ' of.
no iJ
of the food never reaches the pylorus, ; 00 ti r
duodenum. Thus, also, the process e'l io,
almost as soon as the food is introdue:it„l
The strength is kept up by one part oueovr
undergoing the necessary processes of c
Professor Johnstone on CheinistrY• ' )

LIVERPOOL
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ROBERT PEARSON TI-lACKERE_OI.rdY
STANDARD GENERAL PRINTL:OOI
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