The Dorset County Express and Agricultural Gazette.
Dorchester, Dorset, England, 1869-08-03 00:00:00

EMIGRATION TO NORM AMERICA.

Itte Nos York Eminiiip Afaii of the Bth July con-
Wood the following weals rotative to the emigration
I. North America during 1869 :
The commissioners of flarigratioa hays told in their
annual report that 3313,015 paressgers arrived at this
port during the year 1868, and that these were brought
to is in eighty-four steamer& The figures "84" are
easily written, but we question much U, in this con-
neetion, they suggest to the majority of readers, at
first &ace, the magnitude of the Intensta they
represent. Let us imagine this great trans-Allantie
lest are at author is our bay, whet &glorious squadron
It would be I Assuming the average tonnage to he
2,500 think of the currying powder of the great
Armada four hundred and musty millirem
four hundred thoususd pounds I In what —assure.
Mg consumption at one pound per day—enough
to feed one million throe hundred thousand
for • year. But these eighty-fonr steamers maCiii;
hundred and fifty-ou trips in all during '6s; thus, if
you are fond of figures, you may continue the calcula-
tion and learn that did a famine visit England se it did
the land of (41111412, we could send to her shores by this
fleet alone, from this fruitful Egypt of ours, food for
even five milions of her people.
Of these eighty-four great vessels, more than onebalf
are owned by five companies, the remainder by ten
others. Tim Cunard line numbers foorteien, the Inman
ten, the National nine, and one on the stooka, the
Hamburg American Basket Company ten, and der
North Garman Loyd ten. The more important of the
others are the Author line, which owns seven • the
Williams and Onion line, five; Rogers' American line,
five; the General Translantic Company, ; the
London sad New York Bteampship line, four.
That our readers maybe able toestimite the Immense
amount of capital sunk in this great miming trade, end
the vast labor of transportation accomplished, we will
narrate the history et • single line arid I tarnish therein
some interesting faces and figurU.

TEN NATIONAL NTRANSHIP COMPANY.
About eight years ago the two well-known steamers,
the Louisiana and Pennsylvania, ran between Liverpool
and this port sac private speimiation. They had done
good titmice for their owners, arid there was much more
work to be done—more than they could poribly reach,
given at that time. Their nooses led to the formation
of the Natimal Steamship Company, inoorporated
about the time named at LleerpooL Soon after this
Incorporation the eteamship 'Virginia was added to the
line, not long slim this tits Helvetia, and then the
Erin. Three years after the est&blial,rneut of the com-
pany the &offend we. pc rohmed, and at intervals 'Moe
then The Queen, the England, the Denmark, and the
France, and at ChM writing Mill mother, the Italy, is
about bob. added to the number. Twoyesr.sgoln
December Imt, it will be remembered that the Scotland,
collided in the bay with the brig or schooner Bate Dyer,
sinking her and taking to herself such inj tries that she
bad to be beached and afterwar.la abandoned to the
insurance tom panic&

Saab of tbeie eleven itemizers cost the company from
frun f 80,01.10 to I:100.000, or from ockooo dollars to
500,000 dolls» in gold. The ten now in existence
represent, therefore, • Boating oapital in rotted number"
of 4,500,000 dollars, exclusive of the money employed
in the fitting oat and working of the vessels.
Last year the entire number of trips made by these
steamers was fifty, and the number of posiongers carried
by them to this port nearly 27,003, being aa avenge for
the year of 540 per trip. Of these fully 98,000 were
emigrant" tbis line being highly felnstar with Wilgus
of pasaenivre for many reasons, • 1,,w of widish ...hid'
name hereafter.

The emigrant carrying trails, a. the, shoo., lea
highly important one to V,* onaipaay.yet m,nisgpt,
from this "'Me are l'At a tithe of those from the
them. The average tonnage
immense freight done ...a—
of these sacesh is r,otater than those of any other line
in to. world, the regisier of the Franco being 3.671, of
The gases 3.57 L. of the Ragland 3,460, of the Helvetia
3.315. of 'hit P.rin 3310. of the Denmark 3,117, of the
Vin4lOlo 2.d7i. of tho Pennsylvania 2,872, and of the
o=ollo '1,166. The Franco carries engines of five
'oindrorl horse-power.
fl Erin, in her Jens trip to thls port, brought 1,416
Pornengers, the largest number ever brought in a single
I 'owl and of thew but fourteen were entisena of the
United States, the others, with few exceptions, being
tholes who same to m.ke homes for themielree upon the
untold acres of this New World of oars. Although we
have not yet noshed lb* middle of July, this company
has alreedy landed upon our shores us leas than 22,700
passengers, and they expect to swell thews figures to
35,000 before the year is out—en intense of 0.000 in
their returns of 1868 I So much for their powwow
trade, for the return transport..tion of the human biped
by this line is merely nominal, averaging sot more WIC
• hundred pert.
The freight e to and fro Is, of coarse, mash more
equal in Its character, and is,.. we have said, • *italic
ono The steamers are but rarely able to dear their
dock at Liverpool of the good. width's for shipment.
The leading shipments es the other side are dry goods,
Iron, tin, Mediterranean fruits, and all the thousand and
one °omit:eddies .bleb esti be slammed under no especial
head. The return freights, which daring the greater
part of the year are no fees heavy, are grain, provisions,
sotto'', tobacco, cheese, and m produce
miscellaneous produ, and
manufactures, not unfrecasatly the value of • single
cargo being estimated at meets] millions of dollars.
With the exception of the loss of the slsagoer Scotland,
this company ha. bees remarkably fortunate during
thews eight years of Amalie work. They do not claim
to run • feet line. Their boats are built having two
esvesial objects in view—to carry great Webb. and to
afford safety and comfort to pasesegers during the
voyage. Owing to their great ions, the emigrant his
tha advantage of more spacious deck.rooms and loftier
°alines between decks. It mast not be underetood,
however, that the boats are slow boats, for their out-
ward tripe do not average over thirteen days, their
home trips over twelve • while the fasted made, say by
the ship. of the Cuisarl line or those of the General
TransatLatio Steamship Company, (the French line,)
average about ten days out and nine days borne.
flat the safety and comfort of the emigrants la an
especial study with the National line is best proved by
their passenger Rat, and that steady increase which we
think, in that of the Erin referred to, mast surely have
retched its maximum. Kees on the safest boat that
ever sailed lime Noah sailed the ark, 1,418 soul. is, wo
think, too many to trust to.the.wild Atlantic.

_
The peeuniary smarms of this —great ecterpries is
assured to no by that, sommenciing sight ye.rs sr*
with two shammy of an aggregate teenage of 6,038,
they now possess he with as aggregate tonnage of
nearly 32,000. Not a little of thia mimes. is °nisi to the
expellent management which bee eLaracterised the
labours of the company no both sides of the &Mantic.
and much of this is due to the imitiatiguable amil of
the general welter et Liverpool, Mr. W. B. Mamilleter,
sod that of the young and energetic represeetative of
the oceepany In Now York, Mr. P. W. J. Hurst. Mr.
Hurst has been the meager hare for over three year',
s period of great prosperity for the ooromay. He had
the advantage of a thorough boaineei education in on.
of the leading shi'ping house. of Liverpool, and in
addition is • gentleman of travel and culture. In his
great labours he hem been ably heisted in Mr. W. D.
Cbetwo,xl, who, for three years and, half, has had en-
tire 000trol of the deems passenger department, hour-
im by his entailing sourtem sod elms attention to the
immesh of the lines high "hamster with the win-
mny, the esteem of all who most him in beanie's
;ougione, sad aninistakmble posterity with the
friends of the emigrants no this side of the water.
The captains of Lb* steamers are all tried and tritely ,
men and it rarely happens that a trip out fails to brim
each of them • compliments', testimonial from the '
„mongers. Captain Gram is sontmander of the France,
cuso, of the Denmark; Thompson, of the England ;
0=
of of The Queen • Thompson, of the Helvetia ;
w r. the Beta; Forbes, of the Virginia;
Boil. of the Peessylvenie ; sod Thomas, of th
Louisiana.
ma mainstay hasits wets in sash important city of
the union, through ahem paseasjaa are as readily
„mod as in New York, either for Europe or from it, •
large trade befog des. here in outward through
roughs', who the tickets for at vane.
pougo, those to is massy eases cowries deo
' transportation by roll, alter bade& in ultimate LAI-
The ekbe wales of this has or. at buries,
philadelphie, Chicago, Cisdanati, tad ea Louie,

--
AT tbill IdOWOII Mabel I girl, only 18 yeani of age,
tadiedimg guilty to setting Sr. to her mistress's house at
s, in order to sososal robberies of which fibs had
Iron guilty. Her millirem ems iu the house, end
narrowly being burnt to death. The ptigogfr
steint tinne PAW oaf titiltlt.