text: A pilot study of IL-1 inhibition by anakinra in acute gout.
  Monosodium urate crystals stimulate monocytes and macrophages to release IL-1beta through the NALP3 component of the inflammasome. The effectiveness of IL-1 inhibition in hereditary autoinflammatory syndromes with mutations in the NALP3 protein suggested that IL-1 inhibition might also be effective in relieving the inflammatory manifestations of acute gout. The effectiveness of IL-1 inhibition was first evaluated in a mouse model of monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation. IL-1 inhibition prevented peritoneal neutrophil accumulation but TNF blockade had no effect. Based on these findings, we performed a pilot, open-labeled study (trial registration number ISRCTN10862635) in 10 patients with gout who could not tolerate or had failed standard antiinflammatory therapies. All patients received 100 mg anakinra daily for 3 days. All 10 patients with acute gout responded rapidly to anakinra. No adverse effects were observed. IL-1 blockade appears to be an effective therapy for acute gouty arthritis. The clinical findings need to be confirmed in a controlled study.
entities.id: T10 T11 T12 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9
entities.type: GENE-N GENE-Y GENE-N CHEMICAL CHEMICAL GENE-N GENE-Y GENE-N GENE-N GENE-N GENE-Y GENE-Y
entities.text: IL-1 NALP3 IL-1 Monosodium urate monosodium urate IL-1 NALP3 IL-1 IL-1 IL-1 TNF IL-1beta