tokens: RESULTS : There were no significant differences in the mean serum vitamin A , E concentrations and vitamin E / cholesterol ratio between pregnant women with normal hemoglobin and hemoglobinopathies , while confounding variables that might affect serum vitamin levels i . e . maternal age , gravida , BMI , gestational age , hematocrit , hemoglobin , mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and blood group were not different .