bibrahim/unikserverless_jan16 huggingface dataset:
**COMP 3200 Algorithmic Techniques for Artificial Intelligence**
- **Course Information:** Algorithmic techniques and data structures for basic intelligent behaviors in software systems.
- **CR:** Former COMP 4753.
- **PR:** COMP 2001 or former COMP 2710, COMP 2002 or former COMP 2711, Statistics 2500 or 2550

**COMP 3201 Introduction to Nature-Inspired Computing**
- **Course Information:** Overview of nature-inspired computing methods, applications in optimization, machine learning, robotics, and natural sciences.
- **CR:** Former COMP 4752.
- **PR:** COMP 2001, COMP 2002 or former COMP 2711, Statistics 2500 or 2550

**COMP 3202 Introduction to Machine Learning**
- **Course Information:** Concepts and algorithms in machine learning for regression, classification tasks, and model evaluation.
- **PR:** COMP 3200; or COMP 2001 or former COMP 2710, COMP 2002 or former COMP 2711, Statistics 2500 or 2550, Mathematics 2050

**COMP 3300 Interactive Technologies**
- **Course Information:** Interaction design theory and practice in desktop, mobile, and games contexts.
- **PR:** COMP 2001 or former COMP 2710

**COMP 3301 Visual Computing and Applications**
- **Course Information:** Fundamentals of computer vision, graphics, and visualization, including image synthesis, processing, and analysis.
- **PR:** COMP 2002 or former COMP 2711, Mathematics 2000, Mathematics 2050

**COMP 3400 Data Preparation Techniques**
- **Course Information:** Techniques for pre-processing raw data in small and large datasets, using data mining/machine learning methods.
- **LH:** 3
- **PR:** COMP 2001; Statistics 2500 or 2550

**COMP 3401 Introduction to Data Mining**
- **Course Information:** Basic concepts and techniques for data mining and knowledge discovery.
- **PR:** COMP 2002 or former COMP 2711, COMP 2007 or former COMP 3754, Statistics 2500 or 2550

**COMP 3550 Introduction to Bioinformatics**
- **Course Information:** Development and application of computational methods in biology. Hands-on experience with bioinformatics tools and databases.
- **EQ:** Biology 3951.
- **LH:** 3
- **PR:** Biology 1001; one of COMP 1001, 1002, or 1510; and 6 credit hours in Computer Science or Biology
**COMP 3550 Introduction to Bioinformatics**
- **Course Information:** Development and application of computational methods in biology. Hands-on experience with bioinformatics tools and databases.
- **EQ:** Biology 3951.
- **LH:** 3
- **PR:** Biology 1001; one of COMP 1001, 1002, or 1510; and 6 credit hours in Computer Science or Biology

**Course Title**: COMP 3550 Introduction to Bioinformatics  
**Course Information**: This course deals with the development and application of computational methods to address biological problems. It focuses on the fundamental concepts, ideas, and related biological applications of existing bioinformatics tools. The course provides hands-on experience in applying bioinformatics software tools and online databases to analyze experimental biological data and introduces scripting language tools for automating some biological data analysis tasks.  
**EQ (Equivalent Course)**: Biology 3951  
**LH (Lecture Hours per Week)**: 3  
**PR (Prerequisites)**: Biology 1001; one of COMP 1001, 1002, or 1510; and 6 credit hours in Computer Science or Biology course at the 2000 level or above, excluding Biology 2040, 2041, 2120; or permission of the course instructor

**Course Title**: COMP 3600 Algorithm Design and Analysis  
**Course Information**: This course covers advanced algorithm design techniques, including divide-and-conquer, greedy algorithms, dynamic programming, and network flows. The emphasis is on algorithmic problem-solving and algorithm design and analysis methodologies. It also discusses NP-completeness and methods for dealing with intractability.  
**CR (Cross-Listed Course)**: The former COMP 4740  
**PR**: COMP 2002

**Course Title**: COMP 3602 Introduction to the Theory of Computation  
**Course Information**: Examines various models of computation and their computational power. Discusses several measures of a problem's computational difficulty.  
**CR**: The former COMP 3719  
**PR**: COMP 2002 or the former COMP 2711  

**Course Title**: COMP 3700 Industrial Experience  
**Course Information**: Open only to students in the Co-operative Internship in Computer Science. Provides job experience related to computer science for a duration of 8, 12, or 16 months.  
**CH (Credit Hours)**: 0  
**PR**: Admission to the Co-operative Internship in Computer Science (CICS)  

**Course Title**: COMP 3710 Vocational Languages  
**Course Information**: Studies several programming languages of vocational significance. Illustrates the use of appropriate programming paradigms for significant problems.  
**PR**: COMP 2002 or the former COMP 2711  

**Course Title**: COMP 3718 Programming in the Small  
**Course Information**: Demonstrates tools and techniques in constructing small software systems. Covers software component analysis and design, construction tools, software library use and design, and system integration.  
**PR**: COMP 2002 or the former COMP 2711
**Course Title**: COMP 3718 Programming in the Small  
**Course Information**: Demonstrates tools and techniques in constructing small software systems. Covers software component analysis and design, construction tools, software library use and design, and system integration.  
**PR**: COMP 2002 or the former COMP 2711  

**Course Title**: COMP 3731 Introduction to Scientific Computing  
**Course Information**: Focuses on developing algorithms for numerical solution of mathematical problems and their numerical stability. Considers algorithm efficiency in speed and storage. Introduces numerical algorithms for advanced computer architectures.  
**CR**: Mathematics 3132  
**PR**: COMP 1001 or the former COMP 2710, Mathematics 2000, Mathematics 2050  

**Course Title**: COMP 3753 Computational Aspects of Linear Programming  
**Course Information**: An introduction to the Linear Programming Problem (LPP). Emphasizes developing numerically reliable algorithms for LPP solutions and examines their numerical stability.  
**PR**: COMP 1001 or the former COMP 2710, Mathematics 2050  

**Course Title**: COMP 4300 Introduction to Game Programming  
**Course Information**: An introductory course on game programming fundamentals. Topics include vector math, rendering, animation, AI, collision detection, game physics, and user-interfaces. Requires writing a fully functional game.  
**PR**: COMP 2001 or the former COMP 2710, Mathematics 2050, and 6 credit hours in Computer Science courses at the 3000 level or above (COMP 3301 and COMP 3731 are recommended)  

**Course Title**: COMP 4301 Computer Vision  
**Course Information**: Develops methods to enable machine analysis of images. Covers feature detection, geometric vision, structure from X, segmentation, object tracking, and visual recognition.  
**EQ**: Electrical and Computer Engineering 8410, the former Engineering 8814  
**LH**: Six 3-hour sessions per semester  
**PR**: COMP 3301 or Electrical and Computer Engineering 7410 or the former Engineering 7854 or permission of the instructor  

**Course Title**: COMP 4302 3D Computer Graphics  
**Course Information**: Introduces concepts and developments in 3D computer graphics. Covers 3D geometrical transformations, projections, modeling and rendering, graphics languages, and systems. May include photorealistic rendering and image-based techniques.  
**CR**: The former COMP 4751  
**PR**: COMP 3301  

**Course Title**: COMP 4303 Artificial Intelligence in Computer Games  
**Course Information**: Introduces algorithmic techniques and data structures for implementing human-like abilities in computer game agents. Focuses on awareness, memory, rational decision-making, movement, and group co-operation.  
**PR**: COMP 3200  

**Course Title**: COMP 4304 Data Visualization  
**Course Information**: Covers interactive representation of data using a modern programming library. Focuses on data selection, analysis, design, and dynamic visualizations. Applicable to various data sources and types.  
**CR**: The former COMP 4767  
**PR**: COMP 2001 or the former COMP 2710, COMP 2002 or the former COMP 2711, Statistics 2500 or Statistics 2550
**Course Title**: COMP 4304 Data Visualization  
**Course Information**: Covers interactive representation of data using a modern programming library. Focuses on data selection, analysis, design, and dynamic visualizations. Applicable to various data sources and types.  
**CR**: The former COMP 4767  
**PR**: COMP 2001 or the former COMP 2710, COMP 2002 or the former COMP 2711, Statistics 2500 or Statistics 2550  

**Course Title**: COMP 4550 Bioinformatics: Biological Data Analysis  
**Course Information**: Teaches analysis of a variety of biological data. Focuses on extracting information from high-throughput experimentation data. Introduces an integrated programming environment for biological data analysis.  
**EQ**: Biology 4606  
**LH**: 3  
**PR**: Biology 3951 or COMP 3550, and Statistics 2500 or Statistics 2550, or permission of the course instructor  

**Course Title**: COMP 4711 Structure of Programming Languages  
**Course Information**: Covers programming language design considerations; syntactic and semantic structure; survey of typical

 features and operations; analysis of control and data structuring; language extensibility; execution models; formal specification of programming languages.  
**PR**: COMP 2003 or the former COMP 3724, and COMP 3602 or the former COMP 3719  

**Course Title**: COMP 4712 Compiler Construction  
**Course Information**: Studies properties of formal grammars and languages; syntax-directed parsing and code generation; top-down and bottom-up parsing methods; LL(k) and LR(k) grammars and parsers; Code optimization; compiler writing tools.  
**PR**: COMP 2003 or the former COMP 3724, and 3 credit hours in Computer Science at the 3000-level or above (COMP 3600 is recommended)  

**Course Title**: COMP 4715 and 4717 Special Topics in Programming Languages  
**Course Information**: Topics to be studied will be announced by the Department.  

**Course Title**: COMP 4718 Survey of Software Engineering  
**Course Information**: Surveys major topics in software engineering, including requirements capture, system design, verification and validation, and software development process management.  
**PR**: COMP 2005 or the former COMP 3716  

**Course Title**: COMP 4721 Operating Systems  
**Course Information**: Studies the design and implementation of an operating system’s kernel. Focuses on context switches, process management, memory management, interprocess communication, file systems, and system calls. Also discusses real-time operating systems.  
**CR**: Electrical and Computer Engineering 8400, the former Engineering 8894  
**PR**: COMP 2004 or the former COMP 3725  

**Course Title**: COMP 4723 Introduction to Microprocessors  
**Course Information**: Examines architecture and instruction sets of several microprocessors. Discusses use of microprocessors as device controllers, interfacing with external devices, methods of I/O, bus structures, and modern microprocessor support devices.  
**LH**: Minimum of three hours per week. Includes laboratory experience.  
**PR**: COMP 2003 or the former COMP 3724
**Course Title**: COMP 4723 Introduction to Microprocessors  
**Course Information**: Examines architecture and instruction sets of several microprocessors. Discusses use of microprocessors as device controllers, interfacing with external devices, methods of I/O, bus structures, and modern microprocessor support devices.  
**LH**: Minimum of three hours per week. Includes laboratory experience.  
**PR**: COMP 2003 or the former COMP 3724  

**Course Title**: COMP 4726-4729 Special Topics in Computer Systems  
**Course Information**: Topics to be studied will be announced by the Department.  

**Course Title**: COMP 4734 Matrix Computations and Applications  
**Course Information**: Introduction to linear algebra; solutions to linear systems; scaling, accuracy improvement and estimation; the linear least squares problem; the eigenvalue problem; singular value decomposition; the generalized eigenvalue problem.  
**PR**: COMP 3731  

**Course Title**: COMP 4736-4739 Special Topics in Numerical Computations  
**Course Information**: Topics to be studied will be announced by the Department.  

**Course Title**: COMP 4741 Formal Languages and Computability  
**Course Information**: In-depth study of various types of formal machines and their associated languages. Discusses effective computability and other formalisms, such as lambda calculus.  
**CR**: The former COMP 3740  
**PR**: COMP 3602 or the former COMP 3719  

**Course Title**: COMP 4742 Computational Complexity  
**Course Information**: In-depth discussion of computational complexity theory. Covers models of computation, complexity measures, reducibility, complexity classes, and randomized computations.  
**PR**: COMP 3602 or the former COMP 3719  

**Course Title**: COMP 4743 Graph Algorithms and Combinatorial Optimization  
**Course Information**: Discusses classical problems in combinatorial optimization and graph algorithms, including matching, colorability, independent sets, isomorphism, network flows, and scheduling.  
**PR**: COMP 3600 or the former COMP 3719  

**Course Title**: COMP 4745-4749 Special Topics in Theoretical Aspects  
**Course Information**: Topics to be studied will be announced by the Department.  

**Course Title**: COMP 4750 Introduction to Natural Language Processing  
**Course Information**: Covers tasks involving human languages, such as speech recognition, text understanding, and keyword-based information retrieval. Focuses on the algorithms and data structures used in major NLP tasks.  
**PR**: COMP 3600 or the former COMP 3719  

**Course Title**: COMP 4754 Database Systems  
**Course Information**: Introduces database processing, management systems, and design considerations. Covers relational database design, implementation, manipulation, optimization, and management.  
**PR**: COMP 2004 or the former COMP 3725, COMP 2007 or the former COMP 3754
**Course Title**: COMP 4754 Database Systems  
**Course Information**: Introduces database processing, management systems, and design considerations. Covers relational database design, implementation, manipulation, optimization, and management.  
**PR**: COMP 2004 or the former COMP 3725, COMP 2007 or the former COMP 3754  

**Course Title**: COMP 4759 Computer Networks  
**Course Information**: This course examines the operation of computer networks, focusing on communication between computers, information transfer, and services needing computer communication. It covers physical signal transmission, reliable communication over unreliable channels, message routing, e-mail, file transfer, name servers, remote terminal access, and the workings of the Internet.  
**PR**: COMP 2006 or the former COMP 3715, and COMP 2004 or the former COMP 3725
**Course Title**: COMP 4766 Introduction to Autonomous Robotics  
**Course Information**: The course explores autonomous robotics, focusing on computational aspects of wheeled mobile robots. Topics include robotics paradigms, locomotion methods, kinematics, control systems, sensor technologies, stereo vision, feature extraction, sensor and position uncertainty, localization, SLAM, obstacle avoidance, and 2-D path planning.  
**LH**: 3  
**PR**: COMP 2002 or the former COMP 2711, Mathematics 2000, Mathematics 2050, and Statistics 2500 or 2550

**Course Title**: COMP 4768 Software Development for Mobile Devices  
**Course Information**: Focuses on software design and implementation in a mobile network environment. Topics include software engineering, network computing, graphics programming, human-computer interaction for mobile devices, and use of modern mobile devices with networking and graphic features for development.  
**LH**: 1.5 hours per week  
**PR**: COMP 2008 or the former COMP 2760, COMP 2006 or the former COMP 3715, and COMP 2005 or the former COMP 3716

**Course Title**: COMP 4770 Team Project  
**Course Information**: Aims to develop a working software system prototype through team effort. Students work on a project for a term, gaining experience in teamwork and project management.  
**AR**: Attendance required  
**PR**: COMP 2003, COMP 2005, COMP 2006, COMP 2007, and 6 credit hours in Computer Science courses at the 3000-level or above; or equivalent former courses

**Course Title**: COMP 4800-4825 Special Topics  
**Course Information**: Offers varying topics in computer science as departmental resources permit. The specific co-requisites and prerequisites vary with each offering, reflecting the nature of the special topic.  
**CO**: Varies with each offering  
**PR**: Varies with each offering

**Course Title**: COMP 499A and 499B Honours Research in Computer Science  
**Course Information**: These are linked courses based on independent study of an approved topic in Computer Science, involving literature review, methodology development, data analysis, coding, and result interpretation. Deliverables include a dissertation proposal, formal report, and departmental presentation.  
**CH**: 6  
**PR**: Admission to the Honours Program

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION -COMPUTER SCIENCE
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION -COMPUTER SCIENCE

 1. How do I get to study Computer Science at Memorial?
All students who intend to study Computer Science at Memorial University begin a general B.A. or B.Sc. degree. To apply to become a student, please see the university's Admissions page, and please contact advice@mun.ca if you have any questions about the process.
Once you have been successfully accepted to study at Memorial then you can start taking the courses necessary to apply for entry into the Computer Science major programs.
ENTRY INTO OUR UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS IS HIGHLY COMPETITIVE BECAUSE SPACE IN THE PROGRAMS AND COURSES IS LIMITED.
 
Each year hundreds of students enter Memorial with an intent to study computer science. The majority of those who apply do not gain entry into the program.
 
If you come to Memorial intending to complete a computer science degree then you must be prepared to study for an alternative degree if you are not accepted into a computer science program.
2. What computer hardware do I need to study Computer Science?
There's no formal specification for a computer needed to study Computer Science, and we have machines available in our labs for students to use for coursework and projects. But for online study and collaboration you will need a computer at home, as well as things such as a webcam, headset and microphone. And our courses involve a lot of programming.
So we recommend:
A PC with Windows 10, or a Mac with macOS 11 or higher that is comfortable running modern applications, such as the most recent versions of Microsoft Office, Visual Studio, and IDLE/BlueJ/Eclipse
Processor: quad core Intel i5 or higher, AMD 3xxx series
16GB RAM
256GB SSD
Webcam, plus Headset with microphone for listening to audio/video materials or participating in online activities.
A Chromebook is not recommended.
Some optional third and fourth year Computer Science courses involve the use of technologies such as Unity Engine and CUDA, and students taking those courses usually purchase their own computer capable of supporting those kinds of technology so that they can work on projects at home. However we have computers available in our labs that students can use for such projects, so it's not necessary for your own computer to be that high-level. And right now, given that technonology requirements can change rapidly in the fields of visual computing and gaming, we can't say what a good computer would be for those courses in two or three years' time.
 5. If I start Memorial in January, is there any way to be eligible for Fall admission into the CS major?
No. The minimum eligibility requirements must be completed before you can apply for the major, and there is no way to complete them before the May 31st deadline. But if you complete the requirements in Spring semester then you will be eligible to apply for Winter admission. See the previous question for how to do that.
 6. What happens if I’m not eligible for the CS Major by the application deadline, or if I’m not accepted into the program?
The first thing to note is that you cannot apply for the CS major if you haven’t completed all the required courses.
Some students do not have all the required courses taken by either the May 31st or August 31st deadlines for application. If that applies to you then you can keep taking 1000 level CS courses, and electives, and apply to enter the program in the following year. Several of our current CS majors have done that. Remember, you need to take many non-CS electives to complete a degree, so you can still plan a full workload.
⚠︎ 2000 level and higher COMP courses are reserved for CS majors and minors. Those courses fill with students in the CS programs. Students not accepted into a CS program are not going to be able to secure spaces in those courses.
Students who applied to enter the CS Major but were not accepted should book an appoitnment with an academic advisor about the next steps in their degree.
 10. Can I use English 1020 and 1021 to satisfy the CRW requirement?
Students who applied to enter the CS Major but were not accepted should book an appoitnment with an academic advisor about the next steps in their degree.
 10. Can I use English 1020 and 1021 to satisfy the CRW requirement?
Students who started taking courses at Memorial University in 2017 or earlier are permitted to use these courses to satisfy the CRW requirement.  Students who began their studies in 2018 or later must take CRW courses following current regulations.
 11. I noticed that COMP1002 is credit restricted with MATH2320. Does this mean that I can take MATH2320 for the CS Major, instead of COMP1002?
No. The courses have large overlap, but they serve different purposes. So you must take COMP1002 for the CS Major.
MATH2320 contains content and activities aimed at Math students. It is a 2000-level course that requires MATH prerequisite courses be taken beforehand.
COMP1002 is required for completion of a CS major. It is an entry-level course with no prerequisites, designed to be taken in your first or second semester. It contains content and activities that are tailored for the needs of CS students going into later CS courses.
 13. What is the difference between a B.A. in Computer Science and B.Sc. in Computer Science?
The Computer Science and Math course requirements are the same for both a B. A and B. Sc. in Computer Science. If you pursue a B.Sc. you will be required to take additional courses in a variety of science subjects, if you pursue a B. A. you will be required to take additional HSS courses in a variety of subjects (including at least two courses in a language) and you will need to complete a minor (a group of courses in a particular subject).
11.8.1.2 Admission to the Honours Degree in Human Biosciences
Students normally should apply for an Honours program during their third year of studies. To be eligible for admission, students must be in Honours standing as per Academic Standing in the Degree Regulations for the Honours Degree of Bachelor of Science.
 

11.8.2 Regulations for Programs in Human Biosciences
 

11.8.2.1 Major in Human Biosciences
Required courses to complete the major:
Six credit hours in Critical Reading and Writing (CRW) courses, including at least 3 credit hours in English courses.
Biology 1001; Biology 1002 or Human Biosciences 1001 (or Biochemistry 1600); Mathematics 1000 (or equivalent), Statistics 2550 (or equivalent); Chemistry 1050, 1051 (or Chemistry 1200 and 1001).
Human Biosciences 2001 (or the former Biochemistry 2101 or Biochemistry 2201), 2002 (or Biochemistry 2600), 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106), 2004 (or Biochemistry 2100 or 2200), 2901 (or Biochemistry 2901), 3001, 3002, 3003, 3004, 3005, 3906 (or Biochemistry 3906), 3907 (or Biochemistry 3907).
Human Biosciences 4800.
At least six further credit hours from Human Biosciences courses at the 4000-level.
Medicine 310A/B.
Chemistry 2400.
A sufficient number of elective courses to bring the total Science courses up to at least 78 credit hours and the degree total up to 120 credit hours.
 

11.8.2.2 Honours Degree in Human Biosciences
Required courses:
Six credit hours in Critical Reading and Writing (CRW) courses, including at least 3 credit hours in English courses.
Biology 1001; Biology 1002 or Human Biosciences 1001 (or Biochemistry 1600); Mathematics 1000 (or equivalent), Statistics 2550 (or equivalent); Chemistry 1050, 1051 (or Chemistry 1200 and 1001).
Human Biosciences 2001 (or the former Biochemistry 2101 or Biochemistry 2201), 2002 (or Biochemistry 2600), 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106), 2004 (or Biochemistry 2100 or 2200), 2901 (or Biochemistry 2901), 3001, 3002, 3003, 3004, 3005, 3906 (or Biochemistry 3906), 3907 (or Biochemistry 3907), 499A/B.
Human Biosciences 4800.
At least 15 credit hours from Human Biosciences courses at the 3000 or 4000-level, at least 9 credit hours of which are from the 4000-level.
Medicine 310A/B.
Chemistry 2400.
A sufficient number of elective courses to bring the total for the degree up to 120 credit hours.
11.8.3 Human Biosciences Concentrations
While meeting the requirements for a program in Human Biosciences, students may choose to select courses in one of the following formal concentrations, which, if completed, will be noted on the student’s transcript.
Particular attention should be paid to necessary prerequisites when scheduling courses. Students should consult with the Academic Advisor regarding the availability of courses applicable to their chosen concentration. Students completing a Minor in Human Biosciences will not be able to complete the requirements to achieve a concentration.
 

11.8.3.1 Biochemistry
Students selecting the Biochemistry concentration are required to complete 15 credit hours from the following courses:
Human Biosciences 3101, 3105, 4002, 4101, 4106, 4200, 4201, 4232, Chemistry 2100, Chemistry 2401
 

11.8.3.2 Health and Disease
Students selecting the Health and Disease concentration are required to complete 15 credit hours from the following courses:
Human Biosciences 3101, 3600, 4230, 4231, 4232, 4301, 4240, Biology 3050, Biology 3052, Chemistry 4701
 

11.8.3.3 Gene Regulation
Students selecting the Molecular Biology concentration are required to complete 15 credit hours from the following courses:
Human Biosciences 3207, 4101, 4104, 4231, 4240, Biology 2250, 3951, 4241, 4606
 

11.8.3.4 Nutrition
Students selecting the Nutrition concentration are required to complete 15 credit hours from the following courses:
Human Biosciences 3402, 3600, 4106, 4230, 4240, 4242, 4300, 4301, Biology 3052
11.8.4 Minor in Human Biosciences
Students who wish to take a minor in Human Biosciences will successfully complete:
Human Biosciences 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004.
Twelve credit hours in Human Biosciences courses at 3000 or 4000-level.
Note: Course prerequisites stipulated in the course descriptions shall apply to a minor in Human Biosciences.
Human Biosciences courses are designated by HUBI.
HUBI 1001 Food, Drugs, and Your Body
examines the substances humans put into their bodies and the impact the substances have on cellular physiology and metabolism. With a special emphasis on current trends, the course introduces the concept of foods and drugs, how they are metabolised by the body, the social and political implications of foods and drugs, how they can influence overall health, and the sometimes grey areas between foods and drugs.
EQ: Biochemistry 1600
 
HUBI 1430 Biochemistry for Health Professionals
is an introduction to the chemistry and structure-function relationships of DNA, carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. It will examine the basic metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, with emphasis on the biochemical fluctuations that occur in human health and disease, and will include a brief introduction to molecular genetics. Prospective Bachelor of Science in Nursing (Collaborative) program students should consult with the Faculty of Nursing concerning admission to this course.
CR: the former Biochemistry 2430
EQ: Biochemistry 1430
LC: 4
PR: Level 3 Chemistry or Chemistry 1010 or Chemistry 1810 or equivalent
UL: may not be used for credit to fulfil the requirements for the Human Biosciences major
 
HUBI 2001 Introduction to Biochemistry
is an introduction to the major macromolecules of living organisms; proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids: their structure, relationship, and biochemical function. Other topics include: enzymes; the biochemistry of membranes; and an introduction to cellular signalling.
CO: Chemistry 2400
CR: the former Biochemistry 2101, Biochemistry 2201, Pharmacy 2004, or the former Pharmacy 3110
PR: Chemistry 1051
 
HUBI 2002 Introduction to Human Nutrition
gives an overview of human nutrition with an emphasis on topics of current interest. Students will gain an understanding of nutrition in the context of health maintenance across the life span. Topics covered will include Canada's Food Guide, nutrient requirements, obesity and weight loss, sports nutrition, and nutrition in the prevention of chronic diseases.
EQ: Biochemistry 2600, Human Kinetics and Recreation 2600 
 
HUBI 2003 Basics of Human Metabolism
examines how we digest, absorb, and metabolize carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and micronutrients. Students will learn the processes involved in human metabolism including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, amino acid metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis, and triacylglycerol synthesis and storage. These topics will be presented in the context of linking metabolism and health.
CR: Biochemistry 3206, 3106, and Pharmacy 3111
PR: Biology 1001
CR: Biochemistry 3206, 3106, and Pharmacy 3111
PR: Biology 1001
 
HUBI 2004 Fundamentals of Modern Molecular Biology
will introduce the mechanisms by which genomic information is stored, and expressed; and how expression is regulated. Topics will include nucleic acid structures, DNA replication, RNA transcription and splicing, and how proteins are synthesised. Molecular biological techniques, their applications to biotechnology used in the advancement of food and drug development, and the implications for modern living will be discussed.
CR: Biochemistry 2100, 2200
PR: Biology 1001
 
HUBI 2901 Biochemistry Laboratory
develops robust basic biochemistry lab skills in the context of a biotechnology project; students purify and characterize a recombinantly expressed enzyme. Students learn skills including safety, pipetting, buffer calculations, making solutions, protein bioinformatics, techniques for protein enrichment, enzyme kinetics measurements and calculations, graphing data, keeping a lab book, teamwork, critical analysis and presentation of their work in several formats. Students may co-author a scientific publication based on their results.
AR: attendance is required in the laboratory component of this course
CO: Chemistry 2400
EQ: Biochemistry 2901
LH: 3
PR: Chemistry 1051, Science 1807 and Science 1808
 
HUBI 3001 Lipids and Health
covers core concepts of lipids and membranes, particularly as applied to human health and disease. Students will learn classification, structure, reactions, biosynthesis and oxidation of lipids including fatty acids, cholesterol, phospholipids, lipoproteins and other lipid species.  Also covered are lipid digestion, absorption and storage, fat soluble vitamins, bile acids and steroid hormones, cell membranes and associated proteins, lipids-barrier interactions such as blood-brain and placenta, vesicular trafficking and an introduction to lipidomics.
PR: HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106 or Pharmacy 3111)
 
HUBI 3002 Carbohydrates: Functions in Human Health and Disease
covers concepts of carbohydrates and glycobiology, specifically, their role in sustaining life and maintaining health and preventing disease. Students will learn the classification, structure, function, reactions, biosynthesis, and oxidation of carbohydrates. Additional topics covered include carbohydrate digestion, absorption and storage, roles of vitamins and minerals in the metabolism of carbohydrates, the recognition of specific glycans by proteins, role of glycans in complex biological systems and glycolytic modifications of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101) or Pharmacy 2004 (or the former Pharmacy 3110), HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106) or Pharmacy 3111
 
HUBI 3003 Proteins and Health
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101) or Pharmacy 2004 (or the former Pharmacy 3110), HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106) or Pharmacy 3111
 
HUBI 3003 Proteins and Health
covers core concepts of amino acids and proteins with a particular focus on their relationship to human health and disease. Students will learn about dietary proteins as sources of amino acids, amino acid requirements, synthesis, structure and function, body protein synthesis, trafficking, translation, post-translational modifications, and interactions with other proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and drugs. The course includes protein methodology such as structure determination and prediction, immunohistochemistry, bioinformatics and computational modelling.
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101) or Pharmacy 2004 (or the former Pharmacy 3110), HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106) or Pharmacy 3111
 
HUBI 3004 Cellular Signaling
provides a comprehensive overview of how cellular function adapts to changes in the environment, how this relates to human disease, and examples of how nutrients, therapeutic and illicit drugs, and Indigenous medicines interact with signalling cascades. The impact of intracellular signalling on survival, differentiation, and other cellular outputs will be covered. These include, but are not limited to, mineral and vitamin signalling, cytokine and chemokine signalling, gaseous signalling molecules, cyclin-dependent kinases, and receptor signalling pathways.
CR: Biochemistry 3108
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101) or Pharmacy 2004 (or the former Pharmacy 3110), HUBI 2002 (or Biochemistry 2600 or Human Kinetics and Recreation 2600)
 
HUBI 3005 Environment-Health Interactions
will provide a comprehensive overview of the effects and interactions of major environmental factors with human health. Students will learn how exogenous compounds such as food additives, allergens, drugs, toxicants, as well as probiotics, prebiotics and microbiomes interact with and affect human cellular homeostasis. Impacts of food sustainability, food policy, food ecosystems, digital literacy, and lifestyle on populations including Indigenous communities will be discussed.
PR: HUBI 2002 (or Biochemistry 2600 or Human Kinetics and Recreation 2600)
 
HUBI 3052 Food Microbiology
is the study of the microbiology of water and food with regard to the beneficial and detrimental roles of microorganisms on interaction with these systems. Emphasis will be on the microbiology of food, fermentations, food spoilage and food borne vectors of human disease.
EQ: Biochemistry 3052, Biology 3052
LH: 3
PR: Biology 3050 and Science 1807 and Science 1808
 
HUBI 3101 Immunology
is an introduction to the cells and organs of the innate and adaptive immune systems. The molecular and cellular basis of allergy, autoimmunity, vaccination and cancer immunology will also be discussed.
EQ: Biochemistry 3052, Biology 3052
LH: 3
PR: Biology 3050 and Science 1807 and Science 1808
 
HUBI 3101 Immunology
is an introduction to the cells and organs of the innate and adaptive immune systems. The molecular and cellular basis of allergy, autoimmunity, vaccination and cancer immunology will also be discussed.
EQ: Biochemistry 4105, Biology 4200, and Pharmacy 3006
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101)
 
HUBI 3105 Physical Biochemistry
examines topics such as: types of intermolecular forces in biomolecules; the folding of biomolecules and the role of water; pH, buffers, and ionisation of biomolecules; thermodynamics: equilibria, coupled reactions, transport across membranes and redox reactions; and ligand binding. Other topics will include: size and shape of biomolecules; isotopes in biochemistry; and spectroscopy of biomolecules.
EQ: Biochemistry 3105
OR: a two hour problem-solving class
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101)
 
HUBI 3207 Nucleic Acid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
examines the structure, function and biochemistry of DNA and RNA and the biochemical processes in the flow of information from the gene to protein. These will include: DNA replication, recombination and repair processes; transcription of RNA and RNA splicing; and protein synthesis. The regulation of gene expression will also be covered at an introductory level. The course will also include an introduction to cloning methodology.
CR: Biochemistry 3107
EQ: Biochemistry 3207
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101), and HUBI 2004 (or Biochemistry 2100 or 2200, or Biology 2250)
 
HUBI 3402 Food Chemistry
covers the following topics: water structure and the role of water in chemical reactions and mechanical properties of foods; chemistry and physical properties of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids; oxidative processes in food, food dispersions; pigments and natural colorants; food flavour; enzyme properties, immobilization and applications; enzymic and non-enzymic browning; food phenolics and natural antioxidants; food additives; and chemical changes in foods during processing.
EQ: Biochemistry 3402
LH: 3
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101), Chemistry 2400, Science 1807 and Science 1808
 
HUBI 3600 Sports and Exercise Nutrition
deals with the specific roles of nutrients in sport and exercise, and the application of nutrition to sport and exercise.
CR: the former Biochemistry 4241
EQ: Biochemistry 3600
PR: HUBI 2002 (or Biochemistry 2600 or Human Kinetics and Recreation 2600), and one of Medicine 310B or Human Kinetics and Recreation 2320
 
HUBI 3906 Nutritional Biochemistry and Metabolism Laboratory
CR: the former Biochemistry 4241
EQ: Biochemistry 3600
PR: HUBI 2002 (or Biochemistry 2600 or Human Kinetics and Recreation 2600), and one of Medicine 310B or Human Kinetics and Recreation 2320
 
HUBI 3906 Nutritional Biochemistry and Metabolism Laboratory
teaches advanced biochemical lab and critical thinking skills with a focus on metabolism and nutrition-related biochemistry. Topics may include animal diet formulation, tissue culture, immunoblots, metabolic flux assays, metabolic regulation, nutrient metabolism, metabolomics and metabolic energetics. Students develop their quantitative reasoning, teamwork, and written and oral communication skills. Students may have opportunities to tour lab facilities and to co-author a scientific publication based on their results.
AR: attendance is required in the laboratory component of this course
CR: Biochemistry 3906
LH: 3
PR: HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106, or Pharmacy 3111), HUBI 2901 (or Biochemistry 2901), Science 1807 and Science 1808
 
HUBI 3907 Molecular Biology Laboratory
develops biochemical lab and critical thinking skills through a molecular biology focused project. Topics may include restriction digestion, PCR amplification-based techniques, recombinant DNA and plasmid construction, gene expression systems, nucleic acid bioinformatics, and application of high through-put methods in molecular biology. Students develop their quantitative reasoning, teamwork and communication skills (written and oral). Students may have the opportunity to coauthor a peer-reviewed scientific publication based on their results.
AR: attendance is required in the laboratory component of this course
EQ: Biochemistry 3907
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101), and HUBI 2004 (or Biochemistry 2100, 2200, or Biology 2250), HUBI 2901 (or Biochemistry 2901), Science 1807 and Science 1808
 
HUBI 4002 Biochemical Regulation
examines metabolic regulation at the cellular and multicellular level. Topics will include control theory, biosynthesis and mechanism of action of hormones, signal transduction and endocrine coordination of metabolic processes. Principles are illustrated by the use of case studies from the medical literature.
EQ: Biochemistry 4002
LC: two to three hours per week, together with assigned reading and case studies
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101), HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106), HUBI 2004 (or Biochemistry 2100 or 2200, or Biology 2250)
 
HUBI 4101 Proteins
LC: two to three hours per week, together with assigned reading and case studies
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101), HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106), HUBI 2004 (or Biochemistry 2100 or 2200, or Biology 2250)
 
HUBI 4101 Proteins
will review the history of protein research and the general properties of proteins and include other topics such as strategy and methods for purification, chemical structure, properties, modification and determination of the protein amino acids, sequencing strategy, chain cleavage methods and end group analysis; folding of the protein main chain and techniques to determine structure; and the relationship between structure and function: protein filaments, motors and regulators. It will also cover disease-related proteins and other examples from the current literature.
EQ: Biochemistry 4101
LC: two to three hours per week, together with assigned reading
PR: HUBI 3003 (or Biochemistry 3105)
 
HUBI 4102 Current Topics in Biochemistry
is a seminar course in which faculty and students will discuss topics of current interest in the biochemical literature. Students will be responsible for reading and critically assessing recent literature.
EQ: Biochemistry 4102
PR: Honours Biochemistry students in their final year or permission of the Head
 
HUBI 4104 Eukaryotic Gene Regulation and Developmental Biology
details the cellular and molecular aspects of eukaryotic gene regulation and development. Topics to be covered will include the DNA content and organization of eukaryotes, mechanisms controlling the expression of eukaryotic genetic information at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and the methodologies used to define these mechanisms. Detailed consideration will be given to the cell-surface events which regulate nuclear gene expression and cell lineage specification. Developmental mechanisms operating in a number of model systems will be discussed.
EQ: Biochemistry 4104
PR: HUBI 3004 (or Biochemistry 3108), and HUBI 3207 (or Biochemistry 3207 or 3107)
 
HUBI 4106 Regulation of Metabolism
is an advanced metabolism course covering the regulation of human metabolism. The course emphasis is on the regulation and integration of metabolism across various cells and tissues in states of nutrient excess and deprivation. Topics covered include citric acid cycle, urea cycle, hormonal regulations, cellular glucose sensing, glycogen, lipid and amino acid metabolism, and regulation of oxidative phosphorylation. Additional topics include metabolic flexibility, minor molecules with important impacts on metabolism and metabolic diseases.
PR: HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106)
 
HUBI 4200 Bioenergetics and Biological Oxidation
examines topics such as: respiration and electron transport; the functional organization of energy transducing membranes; the structure and function of flavoenzymes, cytochromes, iron-sulfur proteins and quinones; enzyme reduction of oxygen; and, free radicals in biological systems.
EQ: Biochemistry 4200
LC: two to three hours per week and assigned reading
HUBI 4200 Bioenergetics and Biological Oxidation
examines topics such as: respiration and electron transport; the functional organization of energy transducing membranes; the structure and function of flavoenzymes, cytochromes, iron-sulfur proteins and quinones; enzyme reduction of oxygen; and, free radicals in biological systems.
EQ: Biochemistry 4200
LC: two to three hours per week and assigned reading
PR: HUBI 2003 (or Biochemistry 3206 or 3106)
 
HUBI 4201 Membranes - Structure and Function
examines the structure of model and biological membranes, the molecular interactions between membrane components and the effects of these interactions on the biophysical and functional properties of membranes. Other topics will include the structure-function of specialized membranous systems, such as lipoprotein, lung surfactant, and lipid rafts; membrane lipid composition in biochemical adaptation and function; and the role of membrane proteins in intracellular trafficking, receptor function, enzymatic activity and membrane-related diseases.
EQ: Biochemistry 4201
PR: HUBI 3001 (or Biochemistry 3105)
 
HUBI 4230 Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism
is designed to provide current knowledge about advances and controversies in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in the context of health and disease. Topics to be covered include advanced knowledge about lipid and lipoprotein synthesis and regulation, reverse cholesterol transport, plus lipid and lipoprotein utilization to regulate cellular and physiological functions. The covered topics will be related to areas such as reproductive biology, atherosclerosis, AIDS, Alzheimer’s, and cancer.
CR: Biochemistry 6000
EQ: Biochemistry 4230
PR: HUBI 3001
 
HUBI 4231 Molecular Biology of the Bacterial-Human Interface
will explore the molecular biology of the bacteria that inhabit or invade human bodies, how these bacteria get established in humans, the biochemical mechanisms by which some bacterial pathogens can damage the host, and the contest for essential nutrients (e.g. iron) between bacteria and host.
EQ: Biochemistry 4231
PR: HUBI 3207 (or Biochemistry 3207 or 3107), or permission of the course instructor
 
HUBI 4232 Enzymes and Receptors
provides students with the tools to identify which drug will have more therapeutic benefit or greater risk of toxicity, and how drugs are altered to make them more effective. The majority of approved therapeutics are active due to interactions with either an enzyme or a receptor, and this course will examine how these interactions are studied and quantified to allow comparisons, and how this information directs drug discovery efforts.
EQ: Biochemistry 4232
PR: HUBI 2001 (or Biochemistry 2201 or the former 2101), HUBI 3004 (or Biochemistry 3108)
 
HUBI 4232-4239 (Excluding 4232) Special Topics in Biochemistry
will be given for senior undergraduates, and will cover a range of topics in specialized fields in Biochemistry. They may be taught by visiting specialists when available.
PR: to be determined at the time of offering