bhavin-gajjar/laravel-coder-lora-train huggingface dataset:
[Laravel 10] Explain installation: A Scalable Framework

Laravel is incredibly scalable. Thanks to the scaling-friendly nature of PHP and Laravel's built-in support for fast, distributed cache systems like Redis, horizontal scaling with Laravel is a breeze. In fact, Laravel applications have been easily scaled to handle hundreds of millions of requests per month.

Need extreme scaling? Platforms like Laravel Vapor allow you to run your Laravel application at nearly limitless scale on AWS's latest serverless technology.
[Laravel 10] Explain lifecycle: Introduction

When using any tool in the "real world", you feel more confident if you understand how that tool works. Application development is no different. When you understand how your development tools function, you feel more comfortable and confident using them.

The goal of this document is to give you a good, high-level overview of how the Laravel framework works. By getting to know the overall framework better, everything feels less "magical" and you will be more confident building your applications. If you don't understand all of the terms right away, don't lose heart! Just try to get a basic grasp of what is going on, and your knowledge will grow as you explore other sections of the documentation.

<a name="lifecycle-overview"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain lifecycle: First Steps

The entry point for all requests to a Laravel application is the public/index.php file. All requests are directed to this file by your web server (Apache / Nginx) configuration. The index.php file doesn't contain much code. Rather, it is a starting point for loading the rest of the framework.

The index.php file loads the Composer generated autoloader definition, and then retrieves an instance of the Laravel application from bootstrap/app.php. The first action taken by Laravel itself is to create an instance of the application / service container.

<a name="http-console-kernels"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain lifecycle: HTTP / Console Kernels

Next, the incoming request is sent to either the HTTP kernel or the console kernel, depending on the type of request that is entering the application. These two kernels serve as the central location that all requests flow through. For now, let's just focus on the HTTP kernel, which is located in app/Http/Kernel.php.

The HTTP kernel extends the Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel class, which defines an array of bootstrappers that will be run before the request is executed. These bootstrappers configure error handling, configure logging, detect the application environment, and perform other tasks that need to be done before the request is actually handled. Typically, these classes handle internal Laravel configuration that you do not need to worry about.

The HTTP kernel also defines a list of HTTP middleware that all requests must pass through before being handled by the application. These middleware handle reading and writing the HTTP session, determining if the application is in maintenance mode, verifying the CSRF token, and more. We'll talk more about these soon.

The method signature for the HTTP kernel's handle method is quite simple: it receives a Request and returns a Response. Think of the kernel as being a big black box that represents your entire application. Feed it HTTP requests and it will return HTTP responses.

<a name="service-providers"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain lifecycle: Service Providers

One of the most important kernel bootstrapping actions is loading the service providers for your application. Service providers are responsible for bootstrapping all of the framework's various components, such as the database, queue, validation, and routing components. All of the service providers for the application are configured in the config/app.php configuration file's providers array.

Laravel will iterate through this list of providers and instantiate each of them. After instantiating the providers, the register method will be called on all of the providers. Then, once all of the providers have been registered, the boot method will be called on each provider. This is so service providers may depend on every container binding being registered and available by the time their boot method is executed.

Essentially every major feature offered by Laravel is bootstrapped and configured by a service provider. Since they bootstrap and configure so many features offered by the framework, service providers are the most important aspect of the entire Laravel bootstrap process.

<a name="routing"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain localization: Localization

- Introduction
    - Publishing the Language Files
    - Configuring the Locale
    - Pluralization Language
- Defining Translation Strings
    - Using Short Keys
    - Using Translation Strings as Keys
- Retrieving Translation Strings
    - Replacing Parameters in Translation Strings
    - Pluralization
- Overriding Package Language Files

<a name="introduction"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain localization: Introduction

> [!NOTE]  
> By default, the Laravel application skeleton does not include the lang directory. If you would like to customize Laravel's language files, you may publish them via the lang:publish Artisan command.

Laravel's localization features provide a convenient way to retrieve strings in various languages, allowing you to easily support multiple languages within your application.

Laravel provides two ways to manage translation strings. First, language strings may be stored in files within the application's lang directory. Within this directory, there may be subdirectories for each language supported by the application. This is the approach Laravel uses to manage translation strings for built-in Laravel features such as validation error messages:

    /lang
        /en
            messages.php
        /es
            messages.php

Or, translation strings may be defined within JSON files that are placed within the lang directory. When taking this approach, each language supported by your application would have a corresponding JSON file within this directory. This approach is recommended for applications that have a large number of translatable strings:

    /lang
        en.json
        es.json

We'll discuss each approach to managing translation strings within this documentation.

<a name="publishing-the-language-files"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain localization: Configuring the Locale

The default language for your application is stored in the config/app.php configuration file's locale configuration option. You are free to modify this value to suit the needs of your application.

You may modify the default language for a single HTTP request at runtime using the setLocale method provided by the App facade:

    use Illuminate\Support\Facades\App;

    Route::get('/greeting/{locale}', function (string $locale) {
        if (! in_array($locale, ['en', 'es', 'fr'])) {
            abort(400);
        }

        App::setLocale($locale);

        // ...
    });

You may configure a "fallback language", which will be used when the active language does not contain a given translation string. Like the default language, the fallback language is also configured in the config/app.php configuration file:

    'fallback_locale' => 'en',

<a name="determining-the-current-locale"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain localization: Determining the Current Locale

You may use the currentLocale and isLocale methods on the App facade to determine the current locale or check if the locale is a given value:

    use Illuminate\Support\Facades\App;

    $locale = App::currentLocale();

    if (App::isLocale('en')) {
        // ...
    }

<a name="pluralization-language"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain logging: Logging

- Introduction
- Configuration
    - Available Channel Drivers
    - Channel Prerequisites
    - Logging Deprecation Warnings
- Building Log Stacks
- Writing Log Messages
    - Contextual Information
    - Writing to Specific Channels
- Monolog Channel Customization
    - Customizing Monolog for Channels
    - Creating Monolog Handler Channels
    - Creating Custom Channels via Factories
- Tailing Log Messages Using Pail
    - Installation
    - Usage
    - Filtering Logs

<a name="introduction"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain logging: Introduction

To help you learn more about what's happening within your application, Laravel provides robust logging services that allow you to log messages to files, the system error log, and even to Slack to notify your entire team.

Laravel logging is based on "channels". Each channel represents a specific way of writing log information. For example, the single channel writes log files to a single log file, while the slack channel sends log messages to Slack. Log messages may be written to multiple channels based on their severity.

Under the hood, Laravel utilizes the Monolog library, which provides support for a variety of powerful log handlers. Laravel makes it a cinch to configure these handlers, allowing you to mix and match them to customize your application's log handling.

<a name="configuration"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain logging: Configuration

All of the configuration options for your application's logging behavior are housed in the config/logging.php configuration file. This file allows you to configure your application's log channels, so be sure to review each of the available channels and their options. We'll review a few common options below.

By default, Laravel will use the stack channel when logging messages. The stack channel is used to aggregate multiple log channels into a single channel. For more information on building stacks, check out the documentation below.

<a name="configuring-the-channel-name"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain logging: Configuring the Channel Name

By default, Monolog is instantiated with a "channel name" that matches the current environment, such as production or local. To change this value, add a name option to your channel's configuration:

    'stack' => [
        'driver' => 'stack',
        'name' => 'channel-name',
        'channels' => ['single', 'slack'],
    ],

<a name="available-channel-drivers"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain logging: Available Channel Drivers

Each log channel is powered by a "driver". The driver determines how and where the log message is actually recorded. The following log channel drivers are available in every Laravel application. An entry for most of these drivers is already present in your application's config/logging.php configuration file, so be sure to review this file to become familiar with its contents:

<div class="overflow-auto">

Name | Description
------------- | -------------
custom | A driver that calls a specified factory to create a channel
daily | A RotatingFileHandler based Monolog driver which rotates daily
errorlog | An ErrorLogHandler based Monolog driver
monolog | A Monolog factory driver that may use any supported Monolog handler
papertrail | A SyslogUdpHandler based Monolog driver
single | A single file or path based logger channel (StreamHandler)
slack | A SlackWebhookHandler based Monolog driver
stack | A wrapper to facilitate creating "multi-channel" channels
syslog | A SyslogHandler based Monolog driver

</div>

> [!NOTE]  
> Check out the documentation on advanced channel customization to learn more about the monolog and custom drivers.

<a name="channel-prerequisites"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain mail: Mail

- Introduction
    - Configuration
    - Driver Prerequisites
    - Failover Configuration
    - Round Robin Configuration
- Generating Mailables
- Writing Mailables
    - Configuring the Sender
    - Configuring the View
    - View Data
    - Attachments
    - Inline Attachments
    - Attachable Objects
    - Headers
    - Tags and Metadata
    - Customizing the Symfony Message
- Markdown Mailables
    - Generating Markdown Mailables
    - Writing Markdown Messages
    - Customizing the Components
- Sending Mail
    - Queueing Mail
- Rendering Mailables
    - Previewing Mailables in the Browser
- Localizing Mailables
- Testing
    - Testing Mailable Content
    - Testing Mailable Sending
- Mail and Local Development
- Events
- Custom Transports
    - Additional Symfony Transports

<a name="introduction"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain mail: Configuration

Laravel's email services may be configured via your application's config/mail.php configuration file. Each mailer configured within this file may have its own unique configuration and even its own unique "transport", allowing your application to use different email services to send certain email messages. For example, your application might use Postmark to send transactional emails while using Amazon SES to send bulk emails.

Within your mail configuration file, you will find a mailers configuration array. This array contains a sample configuration entry for each of the major mail drivers / transports supported by Laravel, while the default configuration value determines which mailer will be used by default when your application needs to send an email message.

<a name="driver-prerequisites"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain mail: Mailgun Driver

To use the Mailgun driver, install Symfony's Mailgun Mailer transport via Composer:

Next, set the default option in your application's config/mail.php configuration file to mailgun. After configuring your application's default mailer, verify that your config/services.php configuration file contains the following options:

    'mailgun' => [
        'transport' => 'mailgun',
        'domain' => env('MAILGUN_DOMAIN'),
        'secret' => env('MAILGUN_SECRET'),
    ],

If you are not using the United States Mailgun region, you may define your region's endpoint in the services configuration file:

    'mailgun' => [
        'domain' => env('MAILGUN_DOMAIN'),
        'secret' => env('MAILGUN_SECRET'),
        'endpoint' => env('MAILGUN_ENDPOINT', 'api.eu.mailgun.net'),
    ],

<a name="postmark-driver"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain mcp: Laravel MCP

- Introduction
- Installation
    - Publishing Routes
- Creating Servers
    - Server Registration
    - Web Servers
    - Local Servers
- Tools
    - Creating Tools
    - Tool Input Schemas
    - Validating Tool Arguments
    - Tool Dependency Injection
    - Tool Annotations
    - Conditional Tool Registration
    - Tool Responses
- Prompts
    - Creating Prompts
    - Prompt Arguments
    - Validating Prompt Arguments
    - Prompt Dependency Injection
    - Conditional Prompt Registration
    - Prompt Responses
- Resources
    - Creating Resources
    - Resource URI and MIME Type
    - Resource Request
    - Resource Dependency Injection
    - Conditional Resource Registration
    - Resource Responses
- Authentication
    - OAuth 2.1
    - Sanctum
- Authorization
- Testing Servers
    - MCP Inspector
    - Unit Tests

<a name="introduction"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain mcp: Creating Servers

You can create an MCP server using the make:mcp-server Artisan command. Servers act as the central communication point that exposes MCP capabilities like tools, resources, and prompts to AI clients:

This command will create a new server class in the app/Mcp/Servers directory. The generated server class extends Laravel MCP's base Laravel\Mcp\Server class and provides properties for registering tools, resources, and prompts:

<a name="server-registration"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain middleware: Introduction

Middleware provide a convenient mechanism for inspecting and filtering HTTP requests entering your application. For example, Laravel includes a middleware that verifies the user of your application is authenticated. If the user is not authenticated, the middleware will redirect the user to your application's login screen. However, if the user is authenticated, the middleware will allow the request to proceed further into the application.

Additional middleware can be written to perform a variety of tasks besides authentication. For example, a logging middleware might log all incoming requests to your application. There are several middleware included in the Laravel framework, including middleware for authentication and CSRF protection. All of these middleware are located in the app/Http/Middleware directory.

<a name="defining-middleware"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain middleware: Defining Middleware

To create a new middleware, use the make:middleware Artisan command:

This command will place a new EnsureTokenIsValid class within your app/Http/Middleware directory. In this middleware, we will only allow access to the route if the supplied token input matches a specified value. Otherwise, we will redirect the users back to the home URI:

    <?php

    namespace App\Http\Middleware;

    use Closure;
    use Illuminate\Http\Request;
    use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

    class EnsureTokenIsValid
    {
        /**
         * Handle an incoming request.
         *
         * @param  \Closure(\Illuminate\Http\Request): (\Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response)  $next
         */
        public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
        {
            if ($request->input('token') !== 'my-secret-token') {
                return redirect('home');
            }

            return $next($request);
        }
    }

As you can see, if the given token does not match our secret token, the middleware will return an HTTP redirect to the client; otherwise, the request will be passed further into the application. To pass the request deeper into the application (allowing the middleware to "pass"), you should call the $next callback with the $request.

It's best to envision middleware as a series of "layers" HTTP requests must pass through before they hit your application. Each layer can examine the request and even reject it entirely.

> [!NOTE]  
> All middleware are resolved via the service container, so you may type-hint any dependencies you need within a middleware's constructor.

<a name="middleware-and-responses"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain middleware: Middleware and Responses

Of course, a middleware can perform tasks before or after passing the request deeper into the application. For example, the following middleware would perform some task **before** the request is handled by the application:

    <?php

    namespace App\Http\Middleware;

    use Closure;
    use Illuminate\Http\Request;
    use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

    class BeforeMiddleware
    {
        public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
        {
            // Perform action

            return $next($request);
        }
    }

However, this middleware would perform its task **after** the request is handled by the application:

    <?php

    namespace App\Http\Middleware;

    use Closure;
    use Illuminate\Http\Request;
    use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

    class AfterMiddleware
    {
        public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
        {
            $response = $next($request);

            // Perform action

            return $response;
        }
    }

<a name="registering-middleware"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain migrations: Database: Migrations

- Introduction
- Generating Migrations
    - Squashing Migrations
- Migration Structure
- Running Migrations
    - Rolling Back Migrations
- Tables
    - Creating Tables
    - Updating Tables
    - Renaming / Dropping Tables
- Columns
    - Creating Columns
    - Available Column Types
    - Column Modifiers
    - Modifying Columns
    - Renaming Columns
    - Dropping Columns
- Indexes
    - Creating Indexes
    - Renaming Indexes
    - Dropping Indexes
    - Foreign Key Constraints
- Events

<a name="introduction"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain migrations: Introduction

Migrations are like version control for your database, allowing your team to define and share the application's database schema definition. If you have ever had to tell a teammate to manually add a column to their local database schema after pulling in your changes from source control, you've faced the problem that database migrations solve.

The Laravel Schema facade provides database agnostic support for creating and manipulating tables across all of Laravel's supported database systems. Typically, migrations will use this facade to create and modify database tables and columns.

<a name="generating-migrations"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain migrations: Generating Migrations

You may use the make:migration Artisan command to generate a database migration. The new migration will be placed in your database/migrations directory. Each migration filename contains a timestamp that allows Laravel to determine the order of the migrations:

Laravel will use the name of the migration to attempt to guess the name of the table and whether or not the migration will be creating a new table. If Laravel is able to determine the table name from the migration name, Laravel will pre-fill the generated migration file with the specified table. Otherwise, you may simply specify the table in the migration file manually.

If you would like to specify a custom path for the generated migration, you may use the --path option when executing the make:migration command. The given path should be relative to your application's base path.

> [!NOTE]  
> Migration stubs may be customized using stub publishing.

<a name="squashing-migrations"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain migrations: Dump the current database schema and prune all existing migrations...

php artisan schema:dump --prune
shell
php artisan schema:dump
php artisan schema:dump --database=testing --prune
```

You should commit your database schema file to source control so that other new developers on your team may quickly create your application's initial database structure.

> [!WARNING]  
> Migration squashing is only available for the MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite databases and utilizes the database's command-line client.

<a name="migration-structure"></a>
[Laravel 10] Explain mix: Introduction

Laravel Mix, a package developed by Laracasts creator Jeffrey Way, provides a fluent API for defining webpack build steps for your Laravel application using several common CSS and JavaScript pre-processors.

In other words, Mix makes it a cinch to compile and minify your application's CSS and JavaScript files. Through simple method chaining, you can fluently define your asset pipeline. For example:

If you've ever been confused and overwhelmed about getting started with webpack and asset compilation, you will love Laravel Mix. However, you are not required to use it while developing your application; you are free to use any asset pipeline tool you wish, or even none at all.

> [!NOTE]  
> Vite has replaced Laravel Mix in new Laravel installations. For Mix documentation, please visit the official Laravel Mix website. If you would like to switch to Vite, please see our Vite migration guide.
[Laravel 10] Explain mocking: Introduction

When testing Laravel applications, you may wish to "mock" certain aspects of your application so they are not actually executed during a given test. For example, when testing a controller that dispatches an event, you may wish to mock the event listeners so they are not actually executed during the test. This allows you to only test the controller's HTTP response without worrying about the execution of the event listeners since the event listeners can be tested in their own test case.

Laravel provides helpful methods for mocking events, jobs, and other facades out of the box. These helpers primarily provide a convenience layer over Mockery so you do not have to manually make complicated Mockery method calls.

<a name="mocking-objects"></a>