Nepal Electricity Authority
rofile of Progress
(1985 - 1990)

Durbar Marg, Kathmandu
Bhadra, 2047 (August, 1990)

धी ONTENTS

Highlights
Message

Board of Directors

Organizational Chart
Director-In Chiefs

Directors

Managing Director's Report 8
Introduction 11
Project Activities 12
Project Highlights 13
Human Resources 16
Services 17
infrastructures 21
Balance Sheet 22
ProfitandLoss Statement वा Loss Statement 24
Explanatory Notes 25

Load Forecast : 28

Highlights of 1989/90

Net Sale of Electricity 754.781 707.399

income from Other Services* 28.822 7.045

Operating Expenses** 473.004 410.578

Depreciation 177.016 140.785

Interest on Long-Term Loans 132.919 139.891

Net Income 0.664 23.191

Investment 212.655 177.779

Long-Term Loans 1,471.8 1,485.9

Net Fixed Assets 4,721.318 4,692.289

Number of Customers 291,000 264,784

Total Sales Of Electricity (Million Kwh) 548.691 496.137

Average Customers' Consumption (Kwh) 1885.5 1873.7

Average Price of Electricity (NRs /Kwh) 1.38 1.42

Peak Load Interconnected System (MW) 176 27
Total Electric Energy (Million Kwh) 770.914 98.626
Generation (Million Kwh) 706.914 + 148.57
Imported Power (Million Kwh) 64.0 (49.944)
. Excluding Interest and other Income "

" Excluding Depreciation

+ Including energy received from Marsyangdi Hydroelectric Power Plant

The data for 1989/90 and1988/89 are unaudited.

'Ez essage
From The Chairman

It gives me great pleasure to note that on Bhadra 1,2047, Nepal
Electricity Authority will be completing its fifth year of commendable
services.

The past y2ar has been a memorable one in many respects. The
Mersyangdi Hydroelectric Project was completed and putinto operation;
thereby adding 69MW to the integrated generation capacity. The
aspiration to span the country from Mechi to Mahakali with a 132KV
transmission line came closer to realisation with the Biratnagar-
Ariarmani sector completed; and construction work in satisfactory
progress along the final Kohalpur-Mahendranagar sector.

With augmented power generation and transmission capabilities
acquired, several new communities were connected to the distribution
network of the central grid; thereby bringing electrical supply to many
new consumers. Even in remote, inaccessible regions of the country,
several small hydropower projects were pressed into operation, bringing
the conveniences of electricity into the arduous lives of the people
there.

In short, the past year saw a healthy increase in the use of electricity,
supported by a sincere dedication to improve the quality of operation
and maintenance services. The figures of achievement are, however,
dwarfed when we realise that about 91 percent of our people still do not
have electricity in their homes.

The future, therefore, calls for concerted efforts from all personnel in
NEA to forge ahead. Concerted efforts are also required to improve the
productivity of activities within NEA; as well as to reduce system
energy losses and leakages, identification and elimination of which
has been one of NEA's major objectives. The active support from
consumers is also vital and essential; and should be appreciated as
such in adopting a commercial approach in NEA management.

In conclusion, NEA's services rendered to 'the nation has been a
praiseworthy effort which will nurture optimistic expectations of the
future.। wish to express my gratitude to all members of the Board and
Staff of NEA for making the year that has passed, a year of progress
in the pages of NEA's history.

a

(M.N. NIDHI)
Minister for Water Resources
Chairman, Nepal Electricity Authority

ee

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Chairman
Mr. M.N. Nidhi
Hon'ble Minister,
Water Resources & Local Development

Mr.।.B. Shrestha Mr. B. Khatri Mr. B.K. Pradhan Dr. S.N. Shah
Secretary, Ministry of Law Secretaty, Ministry of Industry Acting Secretary, Acting Secretary
& Justice Ministrty Of Water Resources Ministry of Finance

Mr. S.P. Adhikari Mr. H.L. Bajracharya Mr. A.N.S. Thapa ७ Mr. P.M. Shrestha

Acting Joint Member-Secretary Deputy Governor General Manager Puichowk
National Planning Commission Nepal Rastra Bank NIDC

Mr. B.K. Chaudhary Member-Secretary
Sanepa Mr. K.C. Thakur

Managing Director, NEA

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DIRECTOR - IN CHIEFS

Mr. B.M. Singh
Construction Directorate

Mr. LLM. Dixit। . Mr. 1.8. Pradhanang
Planning Directorate Distribution & Consumer
Services Directorate

Mr. R.C.L. Pradhan Mr. R.C. Chaudhary
Operation & Maintenace Directorate Engineering Directorate

—————————————————————————————————— ar

DIRECTORS

4

Mr. 5.8. Pun Mr. R.S. Pandey Dr. M.R. Tuladhar
Bagmati Central& Eastern Western Region - Technical Services

Dr. J. L. Karmacharya Mr. R.B. Shrestha Mr. 5.5, Dangol Mr. R.M. Sakya
Project Preparation Small Hydro-Electric Generation Construction Generation O & M

sctececganeeacoescans

Mr. B.B. Dhungana Mr. N.T. Bhutia Mr. H.0. Shrestha Mr. B.B. Malla
Transmission Grid System Control Corporate Planning Monotoring & Evatuation

Mr. R.P. Parajuli Mr. U.K. Sharma Mr. R.K. Bajracharya Dr. N. Kapali
Administration Finance Actg. Director,Commercial Actg. Director, Design

Mr. G. Acharya Mr. Govind K.C. . 9.8. Shrestha
Actg. Director, Internal Audit Actg. Director, Kulekhani ॥ Actg. Director, Trishuli-Devighat

Sn te

si
TO

Managing Director's Report

Nepal Electricity Authority has now completed five years of active existence. This period
has been characterised by rapid growth and appreciable progress. The broader scope of
work and extent of responsibilities entrusted to NEA necessitate effective coordination,
both within and outside the institution, to attain Speedy and successful implementation
methodologies for increased operational efficiency in providing adequate and reliable
electrical energy to consumers. Faced with resource constraints, benefits must be
Maximised by evolving viable operational १ COrporate and commercial Strategies which will
further the collective interests of all concerned.

During the fiscal year ending July 15, 1990, the Sustained efforts of our Board Members,
Officers and Staff have resulted in definite improvements in performance. The
comprehensive record of these achievements can be summarized here as follows:

Generated and During the fiscal year under review, NEA generated about 706.914 million Kwh which
Purchased Energy _ includes energy received from the recently commissioned Marsyangdi Hydro-electric

The system peak of the interconnected System was recorded to be about 1 76 Mw, which
exceeded that of the previous year ending July 15, 1989 by 27 Mw which is an increase
of 18.12 percent.

Electricity Sale The total sales of electricity in the year under review rose to about 548.691 million kwh,
an increase of about 52.554 million kwh or 10.59 percent over last year's figures. Ot this
total energy sale, about 237.536 million kwh (43.29 percent) was consumed by domestic
Customers, about 168.041 million kwh (30.63 percent) by industries, about 34.4 78 million
kwh (6.23 percent) by commercial consumers, about 27.19 million Kwh (4.96 percent) by
drinking water and irrigation utilities; and about 23.406 million kwh (4.26 percent) was
exported. The remaining *8.339 mill. Kwh (10.63 9.6.) was consumed by temples, street

lights, transportation means and temporarily connected consumers, etc

Revenues  Thenet revenue from sale of electricity during the last fiscal year is estimated to be about
Nepalese Rupees 754.781 million, exceeding that of the preceding year by about NRs
47.382 million, thus registering a growth of 6.7 percent. Income from other sources is
estimated to be about NRs 28.822 million. The total revenue is thus estimated to be NRs
783.603 million, an increase of about NRs 69.159 million accounting for a 9.68 percent

growth over the previous year.

Expenses NEA's Operating expenses, including depreciation, in the year under review is estimated
tobe NRs 650.020 million, up by about NRs 98.657 (17.89 percent) overthe previous year.

8

हि

का ममममककामनममणमरमकककाननपमकामममममरमनमाकामाममममभनकरलमकाममकमममककाकमाकामरण

Net Profit

Assets

Investments

Activities

The total operating expenses comprised (i) operation and maintenance and general
expenses of NRs 316.258 million (48.65 percent), (ii) energy purchase of NRs 152.825
million (23.51 percent) including energy received from Marsyangdi Hydroelectric Project
after commercial operation of the plant, (iii) fuel and oil for generation costing NRs 3.921
million (0.6 percent) and (iv) depreciation estimated at NRs 177.016 million (27.24
percent). :

The interest on long-term loans amounted to about NRs 132.919 million. Deducting this
amount from NEA's gross profit of NRs 133.583 million, the net profit after taxes was
observed to be NRs 0.664 million, which is lower than that of the preceding year by about
NRs 22.527 million (97.1 percent). The relief provided in the form of a lifeline tariff for
domestic customers as a result of an HMG decision has had a significant bearing on the
decrease in profits. NEA also had to bear the heavy financial burden resulting from the
decision to substantially increase the salaries and allowances of all staff, effective from
the last quarter of fiscal year 1989/90. :

The NEA's net fixed assets were estimated to be about NRs 4,721.318 million at the end
of the fiscal year ending July 15, 1990. This registered an increase of about NRs 29.029
million or 0.62 percent over the previous year.

The NEA's total investment on capital expenditure through self-financing is estimated at
NRs 212.655 million, exceeding that of the previous year by about NRs 34.866 million,
thus indicating a growth of19.62 percent. Apart from this, NRs 624.080 million was
invested by HMG for development works to be executed by NEA.

The year under review has been a successful year during which significant progress has
been achieved in the implementation of projects and provision of services inspite of severe
constraints encountered, like the Trade and Transit impasse with India.

Construction works under the Fifth and Sixth Power Projects progressed satisfactorily.
Dhankuta, Bhadrapur, Malangwa, Janakpur, Gaur and Guleriya were connected to the
central grid. Birgunj and Pokhara substation capacity enhancement works are complete.
Rehabilitation and reinforcement works in Biratnagar, Pokhara and other towns are
underway. Lahan—Jaljale 33 kv Transmission Line Project is under implementation with
manufacturing of equipment progressing as scheduled. The Seventh Power Project has
commenced with the selection of Project Consultants in its final stage.

To meet the growing demand of the rural population, NEA has continued to extend power
supply to the rural areas using its own limited resources augemented by those of bilateral
and / or multilateral donor agencies where applicable. The extetsive rural electrification
Program in Pokhara area, being carried out with FINNIDA assistance, will cater to local
demands. With the completion of the Trishuli-Somdang 33 kv line, the remote area of
Rasuwa will now have access to reliable electricity. Bajura, Arughat and Okhaldhunga
small hydroelectric projects, amongst others, have started supplying power to remote
district headquarters.

The Biratnagar-Anarmani 132 Kv transmission line constituting part of the Fifth Power
Project has been completed. The last section of the East-West national grid is being taken
up with the commencement of construction works of the Nepalgunj-Mahendranagar 132
Kv transmission line.

का SSS SSS,

Audit

Conclusion

A major highlight of the year under review is the commencement of operation of the
Marsyangdi Hydroelectric Plant by NEA staff.

Detailed engineering design and survey is an ongoing activity for the important Arun-3
Hydroelectric Project. The construction of this project is scheduled to commence from the
beginning of 1992; and to be completed by 2000 A.D.

Until the Arun-3 Project is completed, there will be a shortfall in generation by 1996/1997
which has to be met by an intermediate power project or other alternative sources of
energy. NEA is studying various options to meet the demand during this period.The
energy shortage to be encountered within a few years will be partly met by a 26 Mw multi-
fuel fired thermal plant whose construction is in full swing in Biratnagar with grant
assistance from the Government of Finland.

To meet the power demand of the future, NEA is conducting pre-feasibility studies of
various attractive hydropower projects. In this regard, pre-feasibility study of Upper
Karnali (240 Mw) and feasibility study of Western Seti (360 Mw) have been completed.
The first stages of the feasibility studies of Upper Arun (350 Mw) and Naumure (208 Mw),
and the review of Koshi Basin Master Plan are underway.

In order to improve the management and operational performance, twinning arrangements
have been made with Edef France. The result of these arrangements will be observed in
the near future.

To reduce losses of the NEA power system, a Loss Reduction Project is being carried out.
The efficiency of NEA personnel will be increased with a training program being carried
out under IDA assistance.

NEA has continued its successful operation and maintenance of both the aged and
recently comissioned power plants, including remote small hydel plants. Supplying
reliable power to the 291,000 consumers through vast distribution networks, transmission
lines and associated sub-stations and power plants have been possible through the
dedicated efforts of NEA staff.

NEA has been able to finalise audit of accounts for the years 1985/86 and 1986/87. The
audit report for the fiscal year 1987/88 is now in the final stage awaiting approval. Steps
have been taken for completion of audits of the remaining two fiscal years, 1988/89 and
1989/90, within six months so that a comprehensive picture of NEA's financial standing
is available. °

NEA has completed the first half decade since its creation. Within this relatively short time
span, commendable progress has been achieved in satisfying the needs of its customers.
The collective efforts of the Board, Officers and Staff of the orgnisation have helped to
attain this laudable performance. However, sustained efforts must be continued to meet
the challenges of the future. Corporate aims include meeting the increased and diversed
energy needs of present and potential customers, providing electricity to 20 percent of the
Population by the year 2000, reducing operating cost and system losses, and making NEA
a financially viable institution . NEA will thus strive to develop into a dynamic, efficient and
accountable professional organisation dedicated to effectively fulfil the needs and
aspirations of its customers.

10

[र

11

INTRODUCTION

Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) was created on August
16, 1985 (Bhadra 1,2042 B.S.) with the objective of
undertaking the generation, transmission and distribution
of power in economically suitable regions of Nepal for
'ndustrial and agricultural development; and to meet
electrical energy demands of the people. Established
under the Nepal Electricity Authority Act,1984, throughthe
merger of the Department of Electricity of Water Resources
Ministry, Nepal Electricity Corporation, and related
Development Boards, this merger has not only ensured
efficient and reliable services but also prevented the
overlapping and duplication of works which was common
prior to its coming into being five years ago. NEA is
primarily responsible for the planning, construction,
operation and maintenance of all generation, transmission
and distribution facilities in Nepal's power system both
interconnected and isolated. NEA's other major
responsibilities are:

a. to recommend to His Majesty's Government, long
and short-term plans and policies in the power
sector;

0. torecommend, determine and realise tariff Structure
for electricity cosumption with prior approval of
HMG;

८. 10 Carry out necessary research on generation,
transmission and distribution; and

d. to arrange for training and studies so as to produce
Skilled manpower in generation, transmission,
distribution and other sectors.

Organization

The organisation of NEA is based ona standard functional
line with the Board of Directors, Managing Director and six
Directorates in a hierarchial structure.

The Directorates comprise inherent functional work
components of planning, finance and administration.
operation and maintenance, distribution and consumer
services, engineering and construction. All directorates.
except the first two, are headed by a Director-in-Chief
Presently, planning and finance and administration
directorates are being looked after by a common Director-
in-Chief. Each Directorate has a number of Directors with
specific functions down the hierarchial lines.

PROJECT ACTIVITIES

a. Power Generation

Nepal's power system is mainly hydro-based with a total
installed generating capacity of about 261 Mw of which
232 or 88.96 percent is generated by hydro-electric plants
and 28.7 Mwor 10.99 percent is provided by diesel plants.
The share of hydel power in the total power generation
registered a significant increase in the eight years' period
between 1981 and 1989; the power generation rising from
107 Mw to 261 Mw within the period.

The two major hydropower projects commissioned during
this period were Kulekhani। (60 Mw) and Khulekhani I! (32
Mw). NEA also commenced operating the recently
completed Marsyangdi Hydro Electric Plant of 69 Mw
installed capacity.

b. Transmission

The transmision system in Nepal has been developed
through gradual interconnection of isolated networks which
were built to serve regional centres. In the central region, .
a 66 Kv network has been developed to transmit power to
the Kathmandu Valley from outlying hydro stations such
as Kulekhani।, Sunkoshi, Devighat and Trishuli. The
power from Marsyangdi station is brought to Kathmandu
ona 132 Kv transmission line. The major portion of the 132
Kv East-West national grid is nowoperational from Kohalpur
to Anarmani.

c. Distribution

The primary distribution voltage in the Kathmandu Valley
currently stands at 11 Kv. About 36 percent of the population
inthe Bagmati Zone including the Kathmandu Valley have
access to electricity. In the Western and Eastern regions,
primary power distribution is provided through a
combination of 33 Kv and 11 Kv networks.

12

PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS

Fifth Power Project (ADB Assistance)

The Fifth Power Project is being implemented by the
Distribution and Customers' Service Directorate of NEA
with loan assistance from the Asian Development Bank.

The project includes the construction of 221 km33 Kv lines
from Dhalkebar-Janakpur, Dhalkebar-Malangawa, Birgunj-
Gaur, Dharan-Dhankuta, in addition to a total of 18 MVA
Capacity substation works. With the completion of Damak-
Anarmani-Bhadrapur electrification and Biratnagar power
system rehabititation about 40,500 customers from
Janakpur, Malangwa, Gaur, Dhankuta, Bhadrapur,
Biratnagar and Damak are expected to benefit from the
project. The project is nearing completion with most of the
transmission lines works having already been completed.

Sixth Power Project (ADB assistance)

The Project is being executed to enable transfer of the full
output of energy from the Marsyangdi Hydroelectric
generating station (69 Mw) to consumers connected to the
main grid system. It is also aimed at reinforcing and
expanding the sub-transmission and distribution networks
to a number of secondary towns and rural communities
adjacent to the grid system; and to meet the forecasted
electricity demand until the mid-1990s. It will also serve to
reduce system energy losses and improve reliability and
quality of electric power supply.

Being implemented with the financial assistance of the
Asian Development Bank and estimated to cost about
41.7 million US dollars including a foreign component of
28.6 million US dollars, the project basically consists of
two parts, (a) 115 km of 132 Kv transmission line from
Marsyangdi to Kathmandu and Bharatpur and, (b)
Subtransmission and Distribution System extension and
reinforcement.

The first part includes the construction of 85 km of 132 Kv
Single circuit transmission line from Marsyangdi to a
substation in Kathmandu at Balaju and 30 km of 132 Kv
single circuit line form Matsyangdi to a substation on the
main grid at Bharatpur. The construction works have now
been completed.

The second part includes rural electrification schemes at
Rajbiraj, Janakpur, Jaleswor, Parasi, Nijgad, Kalaiya,
Bhairahawa, Lumbini, Duhabi, Nepalgunj, Gulariya,

13

Taulihawa, Bahadurgunj, Krishnanagar, Shivpur, Ghorahi,
Simara, and Biratnagar including areas which are located
within 15 km of the main grid in the Terai region, along with
system reinforcement and distribution extension.

With the completion of the project, 51,300 new customers
will be added.

Seventh Power Project (ADB Assistance)

The Project has the objectives of rehabilitating the
distribution networks in five towns, helping NEA's loss
reduction targets, improving the reliability of supply, and
meeting the growing demand for electricity. With the
connection of about 83,500 new customers in the rural
areas during 1992-94, the Project is also expected to
support the government's objectives of extending electricity
supply to rural areas for the economic development of
such areas; and to provide substitute for kerosene, diesel,
and fuelwood.

Under the Project, beginning in 1990 and targetted to be
completed by 1994, it is planned to construct substations
0f54,000 KVAcapacity, 254 kmof 33 Kv substransmission
line, 555 km of 11 Kv line, 1,168 km of single wire earth
return (SWER) distribution systems, and supply power to
4,486 shallow tubewell pumping stations.

The 64.0 million US dollar undertaking has four parts. The
first part is the rehabilitation and extension of
subtransmission and distribution networks in the towns of
Hetauda, Birgunj, Butwal, Bhairahawa and Dharan: and in
load centres between Hetauda and Birgunj, and between
Butwal and Bhairahawa.

The second part consists of construction of six rural
electrification schemes at llarn/Damak, Dharan, Siraha.
Malangawa/Gaur, Bharatpur/Parasi, Tamghas/
Sandhikhark. The provision of facilities, equipment and
plant and materials constitute the third part of the project.
The fourth and last part includes the provision of consulting
services for engineering and site supervision.

Pokhara Rural Electrification Project
(FINNIDA Assistance)

The project, being carried out with the assistance of
Finland, is divided into two phases. Under the first phase.
completed in May, 1988, 58 km of 22 Kv lines and 163km

of 400 volt lines were constructed with 46 distribution
transformers with a total capacity of 3,650 KVA. The
resulting number of customer connections is estimated at
3,646.

The second phase of the project started in November,
1989, involves construction of 152km of 11 Kv lines and
409km of 400 voit lines and installation of 136 distribution
transformers. There will be 10,950 customers benefitting
from this project.

Arun-3 Hydroelectric Project

Arun-3 is one of the most important projects that Nepal
intends to embark on. The project has the flexibility of
being developed in either a single stage of 402 Mw, or in
two stages- the first stage being of 268 Mw, followed by a
second stage of 134 Mw. In case of single stage
development, the project will generate 2,891 Mwh of
average energy out of which 1,513 Mwh will be firm
energy.

Propo

sed Dam site of A

The cost estimate of the full-scale development is 721
million US dollars; and that of 268 Mw development, 590
million US dollars at19839 price level. This is inclusive of the
cost of access road and transmission lines.

Because of favourable topography, which gives a 288m of
net head, very competent geology and glacier and snow-
fed river hydrology which sustains relatively high base flow
thus enabling generation of very high firm power, the
power generated by the Arun-3 wil be relatively cheap.

The increasingly promising features of the project has built
up remarkable confidence in the project. The donor
community with ten members has been regularly meeting
and monitoring the development of the project. The first
donors' preparatory meeting, subsequent to the donors

14

meeting on Arun-3 HEP in Paris, was held in Kathmandu
in May 1989, where members reiterated their commiment
to the project. The second preparatory meeting was also
held in Kathmandu in 1990. At the meeting, the donors
expressed their appreciation and satisfaction over the
development of the project. Reconfirming their commitment
to finance the project, they discussed the methods of
selection of civil contractors and agreed on a project
processing schedule.

The pre-feasibility study, completed in October 1985, by
NEA, and the feasibility studies carried out two years later,
have both proved the economic and technical feasibility of
the project. Aleast cost generation expansion plan (LCGEP)
study has also concluded that the Arun-3 project will be the
least cost generation addition to the Integrated Nepal
Power System (INPS).

The project has a concrete gravity dam with a gated
spillway withthree gates. It has fourunderground desanding
basins which are connected with an underground power
house through a 7.8m diameter headrace tunnel of 11.5
km length. The power house will have 6 Pelton turbines of
67 Mw capacity each.

Another advantage of the project is the construction of the
192km road in the eastern development region which will
form a part of the proposed Koshi Highway. The project
has the potential not only of providing cheap energy for
domestic and industrial purposes, but also opens
possibilities of power export to Ind :

Trishuli Devighat Complex

The Trishuli-Devighat hydro-power complex having
installed capacities of 21 MW and 14.1 MW respectively
are the major run-of-the-river plants which are presently
playing a significant role in Nepal's power system.

The Trishuli hydroelectric project on Trishuli river is iocated
about 75km north-west of Kathmandu. It was completed in
1970 when the last unit was installed. The Devighat
project was commissioned as an adjunct to the Trishuli
project in 1984.

NEA felt the need to forge ahead with plans for the
rehabilitation of the complex in view of the projected power
shortage and the long-term interest of NEA's operations.

The objective of the rehabilitation works is to increase the
energy output of the two projects to 276 GWh from 193
GWh presently being generated. The World Bank has
agreed to finance the feasibility study and detailed design
programme whichis to cost about 605,000 US dollars. The

=e is scheduled for completion by March 1991. According
to the tentative construction schedule, the project will
commence in July 1991 andwillbe completed in December
1993.

Nepaigunj- Mahendranagar132 KV Transimission Line
(French Assistance)

Works on the project started two and a half years back and
is expected to be completed within the next two years. The
main objective of the project is to link the far western region
with the national grid system to supply power to that area.

The project is estimated to cost 810 million rupees out of
which 612 million rupees is to be borne through French
assistance and the rest from internal sources.

Multi-Fuel Generation Project (FINNIDA Assistance)

To meet the projected shortage of electricity in the near
future, in addition to the implementation of Trishuli-Devighat
up grading, a 26 Mw multi-fuel generating unit is being
installed at Biratnagar to generate power. This multi-fuel
project is scheduled to be completed within 1990/91.

Wind Power Development Project

A Wind Power Project was introduced at Kagbeni, Mustang
district on an experimental basis to explore the possibilities
of utilising wind resources of the high altitude hinterland
region. Installed and commissioned in December, at a
cost of 6.8 million NRs, the wind plant of 20 Kw capacity
supplied power to 60 houses through 1.5 kmof distribution
lines. Detailed Studies and investigations are being
conducted to stabilise the plant.

Rural Electrification

A ten-year Rural Electrification Master Plan is being
prepared to carry out rural electrification programme ona
country-wide basis in a planned way so as to provide
electricity to the rural people as a cheap, simple and
reliable source of energy.

Under the Rural Electrification short-term programme,
electrification works are underway at Raijbiraj (Rupani),
Jaleshwor, Simra, Nijgadh, Bardghat (Parasi) while
electricity has already been provided to such areas as
rural Pokhara, Nuwakot and Dolkha. These works are
aimed at electrification of communities adjacent to the
central grid, sub-grid systems and generating centres,
Areas adjacent to Damak-llam, Dharan, Siraha, Malangwa,
Gaur, Gulria, Nepalgunj, Surkhet, Tamghas-Sandhikark
will also receive electric services.

Loss Reduction Project

The inherited NEA power system had a high percentage
of losses. To reduce both the technical and non-technical
losses, efforts have been made by NEA through internal
and external resources. Having already completed the
first phase of the Loss Reduction Project, NEA is currently
implementing the IDA-financed second phase project.
The aim of this project is to reduce the overall loss by about
5 percent bringing it to 20 per cent within five years. Under
this two-year programme for the Kathmandu Valley, it is
targetted to reseal all customer installations while
rehabilitating 40 percent of the service connections.

Also planned is the phase balancing of 100 per cent of the
LV lines, trial installation of 55km of aerial bundled
conductors, equipping of a meter testing laboratory in
Kathmandu, and upgrading of statistical metering at
generation, import and export points.

The electricity losses has decreased from 29.4 percent in
1985/86 to about 26.64 percent in 1989/90.

Small Hydel Projects

In Nepal, electrification of communities in the Terai area
and adjoining mid-hills is feasible from the inter-connected
system, whereas those in the inner hills and mountain
areas to the North will benefit more from small hydropower
generation. Therefore, NEA has plans to construct small
hydro power stations in hilly and remote areas which are
financially and technically not beneficial to be linked to the
central grid and sub-grid system.

Presently, 41 communities are being supplied with electric
power from existing small hydel power stations. During
1989/90, Bajura(100Kw), Arughat (150Kw), Okhaldhunga
(125Kw) projects have been completed while Tatopani
project (1,000 Kw), Achham (400 KW), Darchula-2 (200
KW) projects as well as those at Surnaiya Gad (200 Kw),
Rupal Gad (100 Kw) and Namche (60 Kw) are under
constructions.

Solar Power Project

In order to develop alternative sources of energy, NEA
operates solar power projects in some remote and
inaccessable areas. In Simikot, Gumgadi and Kodari/
Tatopani solar power stations of 50,50 and 30 Kw peak
capacity respectively have been installed through a French
Government assisted project; and now have started
generating electricity.

15

HUMAN RESOURCES

Manpower

NEA currently provides employment opportunities to 9161 persons of whom
4,473 are in regular service, 1,221 in temporary service and 3,467 hired on
monthly wage basis.

A host of incentives is provided to the employees to bring out the best in them
for overall improvement in the performance of NEA.

Training

With a view to bringing about career development for the employees and to
increase their efficiency, NEA has started a project to set up a Training Centre
with the cooperation of International Development Agency (IDA). With the
objective of making its manpower skilled and efficient so as to give its
customers better service, NEA is also planning to develop the Marsyangdi
Hydroelectric Project site as its principal training centre using the existing
facilities and buildings which will add to already existing training facilities at
Panuati and Kathmandu. Training activities are also being developed in
conjunction with the Institute of Engineering and the Mechanical Training
Centre. Inthe fiscal year ending July 15, 1990, 68 persons were imparted basis
training while 37 others received vocational training.

Whin the current fiscal year 1990/91, about 400 technicians are planned to be
trained. The training programme for the next fiscal year is being prepared
presently and will be finalised by August, 1990. This will ensure that NEA is able
to maximize its utilisation of human resources to quickly respond to the needs
of improving its performance. Besides, training programmes for management,
financial and administrative sectors are also being developed.

Twinning/Corporate Planning

In order to assist inthe operations and functions of NEA, atwinning arrangement
has been made with Electricity de France (EDF) of France. Under this
programme, EdF personnel have been assigned to assist the management in
the operational activities of NEA. Similarly, staff of NEA have also visited
France to see and gain experience on the workings of a developed electric
utility.

The twinning arrangement with a suitable but mature electric utility is aimed at
streamlining managerial policies and procedures to make them suitable for
growing utility, and preparing coroorate plans for 10 years. The corporate plan
is to be prepared with base-up approach with the full participation of managers
at the local levels. It will assign performance targets for each directorate,
department, regional and local office to monitor and evaluate their respective
performance.

16

क आ

i)

ae ६१ ४४,

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a iwi

K=

th oe :

ie
wha TL

i Cl :

So 7

SERVICES

Service To The Customers

NEA is providing electricity services
in 62 out of 75 districts of the country.
In these districts, 291,000 customers
have been benefitting from NEA
services in 1989/90. The percentage
of the country's population using the
electric service has increased from
6.24 percent in 1985/86 to about 8.89
per cent in 1989/90. The per capita
consumption of electricity per year
has also increased from 18.9 units to
28.1 units within this period.

In the same period, the maximum
demand for electricity has increased
at an average rate of 14.3 per cent to
reach 176 Mw from 103 Mw, while the
available electricity rose by an average
of 12 percent per annum to reach 770
Million Kwh from 490 Million Kwh. On
the other hand, the revenue collection
more than doubled from 377 Million
Rupees in 1985/86 to 754 Million
Rupees in 1989/90.

NEA has divided its customers into 11
different categories on the basis of
electricity tarift. It has plans to
streamline and expand the distribution
systemto further improve the reliability
and efficiency of its services to the
customers. -

Computerized Billing: (ADB
Technical Assistance)

Under an on-going ADB/TA project.
NEA will assess the need for
computerization of its billing and
consumer management systems to
provide efficient services to its
customers. A report, with detailed cost
estimate and implementation
schedule, is expected to be submitted
by October, 1990.

ie ENERGY AND DEMAND

ENERGY MILLION KWH DEMAND MW.
- 800 — 200
700 175
600 150
500 125
400 100
300 75
200 50
100 25
० 0
1986 87 88 89 90 986 87 886 89 90

ENERGY (MILLION KWH) & DEMAND (MW)

माका A न [न] का] एना

Note: For the fiscal year ending JULY 15,

18

पया

GROWTH OF CUSTOMERS

THOUSAND
300

250
200
150

cI ००

50

1986 87 98 89 90

NO. OF COSTUMERS

russe [vere [oe
Teer। बब। ware।
ow foes [fe
ses [a। -

Taso [305

छ
ore
er
ooo
rs fs fe fs fs
[०55०2।

Note: For the fiscal year ending JULY 15,

19

SALES AND REVENUE

ENERGY SALES =" MILLION KWH REVENUE MILLION NRS।
- 800।

700
600
500
400
300
200
100

०

1966 87 88 89 9०0 1996 87 88 89 90

ENERGY a KWH) & SALES OF ELECTRICITY (MILLION NRS)

ENERGY SALES,
(million NRS)

Note: For the fiscal year ending JULY 15,

20

NFRASTRUCTURES

Building Complex

NEA has developed a Master Plan for
an office building complex, and is
extending the development of its
premises at Durbarmarg, Kathmandu
with an implementation schedule
covering a ten-year construction plan
from 1988 to 1998.

Geo-technical Laboratory

In order to carry out research and
tests on different aspects of
construction of hydel power projects,
so as to make them reliable, effective
and cost-efficient, a geo-technical
laboratory has been set up at NEA.
The soil, rock and concrete laboratory
is adequately equipped. The
equipment fitted in the laboratory are
among the best available in the
country.

All the routine tests on soil, rock and
concrete can be conducted in this
laboratory. Besides ground
exploration for alltypes of construction
and major testing of construction
materials, the laboratory provides
services for boring in soil and rock
including diamond drilling up to 300m
depth. Facilities also exist for standard
penetration test, collection of
disturbed, representative and
undsturbed samples from pits and
boreholes, seismic refraction, pitting
and trenching.

21

FINANCE

ae

Fixed Assets
Land

Balance Sheet as of July 15,

= 6.1

Million NRs

42.5 31.9

Buildings 1697 369 अभिनव

Hydraulic Plant & Machinery
Internal Combustion P & M
Transmission Line
Distribution Line

Meter & Metering Equipment
Consumer Service

Public Lighting

Tools and Instruments
Vehicles

Furniture & Office Equipment
Miscellaneous Property
Total Fixed Assets

Other Assets

Capital Works in Progress
Investment in Securities
Total Other Assets

Current Assets
Inventories

Accounts Receivable
Advances Recoverable
Cash & Bank

Total Current Assets

Total Assets

2,987.1
52.0
993.2
409.3
22.2
42.1
14.8
3.3
22.3
9.5
0.2

2,571.6 1,871.4
51.3 — 46.5
623.5 353.4
384.2 202.5
17.6 12.8
32.1 28.9
1.7 1.8
3.0 2.4
11.6

8.0 4.7
0.1 0.2
2,664.0

141.1
239.9
63.7
56.6
501.3

5,600.5

113.2
165.0
67.9
79.6
425.7

4,376.7

Note: Audited figures for fiscal years 1989 and 1990 will be available within six months

FINANCE
—————— —— ममा ooo

Balance Sheet as of July 15,

Million NRs

Liabilities and Equity 1988

Equity

Share Allotment Suspense 1,000.0

Share Allotment Suspense 2,615.3

Capital Reserve 35.2 15.1 7.7
Reserves & Surplus 36.1 41.7 37.8
Total Equity 3,686.6
ee जी
Long-Term Liabilities

Long-Term Loan

Total Long-Term Liabilities

Current Liabilities & Provisions

Deposit from customers 13.6
Other Deposit 7.8
Creditors for Goods 30.9
OtherCreditors ७ 0 1844
Payable to Others for Power Purchase 78.1
Payable to HMG for Interest 78.8
Payable to HMG for Others -
Provision for Bonus 48
Provision for Gratuity & Pension 86.5
Provision for Medical Facilities 20.7
Provision for Accumulated Leave 13.4

Inventories Received from Project 35.8
Provision for Tax -
Total Current Liabilities & Provisions 372.2

Total Liabilities and Equity 5,600.5

—

FINANCE

Profit and Loss For the Year Ended July 15,

Million NRs
Details 1989 1988 1987 1986
A. Revenue
Net Sale of Electricity 707.4 551.5 452.4 377.0
Income from Other Services 7.0 11.8 9.8 7.4
Interest & Other Income - 4.2 1.4 1.1
Total- A 714.4 567.5 463.6 385.5
B. Operation &
Maintenance Expenditure
General Expenses 284.6 206.4 180.0 134.9
Power Purchase 125.9 63.8 7.1 11.5
Provision for Expenses - 26.8 6.3 15.7
Depreciation 140.8 134.7 114.8 80.0
Total- B 551.3 431.7 308.2 242.1
८. Net Operating Revenue (A-B) 163.1 135.8 155.4 143.5
D. Interest on Long-Term Loans 139.9 125.8 120.8 103.2
E. Profit Before Expenses 23.2 10.0 34.6 40.2
_ F. Expenses Relating to
' Previous Year- 1.8 11.0 -। G. Net Profit Before Tax 23.2 8.2 23.6 40.2। H.CorporateTax ©. O03 93। उ नि °«° 24
— Net Profit / (Loss) after Tax 139 £(56) £122 378

Note: The figures for 1989 and 1990 are unaudited.

24

eee

Explanatory Notes
Forming part of the Balance Sheet
as at 31.3.2043

The Nepal Electricity Authorityhascommencedits business 5. Depreciation is charged on the fixed assets at straight line
with effect from 1. Bhadra 2042 (i.e. 16 August 1985) method at the following rate per annum.
by taking over the business of the Nepal Electricity
Corporation and the Department of HMG. Buildings 2%
Hydro Civil works 2%
The value of business taken over is subject to the approval Hydraulic Plant & Machinery 3%
of HMG and is based upon following. Internal combustion P & M 2.5%
Transmission Line 3%
The business of NEC is valued as per the Balance Sheet as Distribution Line 4%
at 31. 3. 2042 of the NEC after adjustment in value of the Meter & Metering equipment 10%
Hetauda Diesel Project and the Kathmandu Valley System Service Mains 7%
Reinforcement Project Phase। and II, and creation of Public lighting 3%
certain provisions thus causing a net decrease in the net Tools & Instruments 20%
assets by Rs. 103,499,225. Vehicles 20%
Furniture & Fixtures 20%
The results of operation of the business of NEC for the Office Equipments 15%
month of Srawan 2042 has been accounted as that of NEA. Miscellaneous Property 50%
The assets and liabilities of the Department of Electricity are In the case of the projects whose valuation has not been
valued as per the approved value of some capital projects approved by HMG, depreciation has been charged
and as per the accounting records of various offices as well provisionally at the rate applicable on the main item of
as engineer's estimation in some cases and estimation of assets at the value booked.
liabilities for employees transferred to NEA.
6. The total value of works in progress on capital projects
Wherever the capital projects taken over are financed financed directly by HMG but administered underthe contro!
under foreign loan, such amount of financing has been and supervision of NEA have not been taken into account.
accounted as Loans Payable and wherever they are financed Expenses incurred by NEA on such projects are given
under foreign grant assistance or under HMG's contribution, under the head Capital Works in Progress.
such amount of financing has been accounted as Equity
owned by HMG. 7. Overhead expenses relating to various offices at rates
given below are capitalised and booked as capital works-in-
Shares will be issued to HMG for the equity contribution progress. These are to be allocated to capital projects
upon approval of the value of business taken over. However financed directly by HMG.
Rs. 100 crores worth of shares have been issued °
provisionally. Offices of Managing Director and Finance
& Administration Directorate 10%
Capital Projects taken over during the year are as follows Planning Directorate 50%
and the valuation thereof is subject to the approval of HMG. Construction Directorate 90%
Engineering Directorate 90%
> Dumkibas Butwal 132 KV T/L Rs. 9,48,04,267 Distribution & Consumer Service Directorate 5%
Seti Hydro Project Rs. 1,50,00,000
Central Procurement Project Rs. 1,19,46,244 8. Inventory is valued as landed cost.
. Far Western Region Electrification Rs. 17,52,981
9. Receipts from customers as contribution for capital expenses
4. Subsidiary loan agreements with HMG have not been to be incurred in consumers service line have been booked। uded in respect of loan component of Kulekhani Hydro as capital reserve under the head Consumers Contribution.
Electric Project, Dumkibas Butwal TL Project and Bharatpur
Pokhara TL Project. Interest has been provided at8.5%per 10. Figures are given in nearest Rupees.

on the former and 10.25% p.a. on the later two cases. This
is subject to the approval of HMG.

25

Explanatory Notes
Forming part of the Balance Sheet
as at 32.3.2044.

The Nepal Electricity Authority has commenced its business
with effect from 1. Bhadra 2042 (i.e. 16 August 1985) by
taking overthe business of the Nepal Electricity Corporation
and the Department of Electricity of HMG.

The value of business taken over and the manner in which
the consideration for the same is to be adjusted is subject
to the approval of HMG and is based upon following.

The business of NEA is valued as per the Balance Sheet as
at 31.3.2042 of the NEA after adjustment in value of some
assets and creation of provisions for some liabilities. This
resulted in a net decrease in the net worth by Rs.
10,34,99,225 as per Balance Sheet as on 31.3.2043. The
valuation of some projects are again revised this year
increasing the net worth by Rs. 12,41,21,944. HMG's claim
against NEA for liabilities transferred from NEA amounting
to Rs.16,20, 79,401 has also been to converted to Equity as
per the decision of HMG.

The results of operation of the business of NEA for the
month of Srawan 2042 has been accounted as that of NEA.

The assets and liabilities of the Department of Electricity are
valued as per the approved value of some capital projects
and as per the accounting records of various offices as well
as engineer's estimation in some cases and estimation of
liabilities for employees transferred to NEA. The valuation
1. per the Balance Sheet as on 31.3.2043 is revised this
year increasing the net worth by Rs. 33,28,942.

The value of projects taken over last year are revised this
year increasing the value by Rs. 1,63,66,063.

Increase in depreciation due the increase in valuation of
projects is charged to this year's Profit and Loss Account.

Wherever the capital projects taken over are financed
under foreign loan, such amount of financing has been
accounted as Loans Payable and wherever they are financed
under foreign grant assistance or under HMG's contribution,
such amount of financing has been accounted as Equity
owned by HMG.

Shares will be issued to HMG for the equity contribution
upon approval of the value of business taken over. However
Rs. 100 crores worth of shares have been issued
provisionally.

Capital Projects taken over during the year are valued at Rs.
92,68,67,074 the valuation and the manner in which the

26

consideration for the adjusted are subject to the approval of
HMG.

4. Subsidiary loan agreements with HMG have not been

concluded in respect of following:

Loan % of। Years of
Amount Interest] Repay-
Rs ment

Kulekhani Hydel
Project 1,14,31,63,000

Bharatpur-Pokhara

132 kv 3,06,78, 764
Dumkibas-Butwal

132 kV 5,65,97,213
Hetauda-Biratnagar

132 kV 19,72,13,595

5. Depreciation is charged on the fixed assets at straight line

method at the following rate per annum.

Buildings 2%
Hydro Civil works 2%
Hydraulic Plant & Machinery 3%
Internal combustion P & M 2.5%
Transmission Line 3%
Distribution Line 4%
Meter & Metering equipment 10%
Service Mains 7%
Public lighting 3%
Tools & Instruments 20%
Vehicles © 20%
Furniture & Fixtures 20%
Office Equipments 15%
Miscellaneous Property 50%

In the case of the projects whose valuation has not been
approved by HMG, depreciation has been charged
provisionally at the rate applicable on the main item of
assets at the value booked.

6. The total value of works in progress on capital projects

financed directly by HMG but administered under the contro!
and supervision of NEA have not been taken into account.
Expenses incurred by NEA on such projects are given
under the head Capital works in progress.

7. Overhead expenses relating to various offices at rates

given below are capitalised and booked as capital works-in-
progress. These are to be allocated to capital projects
financed directly by HMG.

Offices of Managing Director and
Finance & Administration Directorate
Planning Directorate

Construction Directorate
Engineering Directorate

10%
50%
90%
90%

8.

9.

So -

10.

Inventory is valued as landed cost.

Receipts from customers as contribution for capital expenses
to be incurred in consumers service line have been booked
as capital reserve under the head Consumers Contribution.

Figures are given in nearest Rupee.

INTEGRATED NEPAL POWER SYSTEM
LOAD FORECAST

ENERGY (GWh) / POWER (MW)
3500

2500 [---

ea LER
\

\
18980 1995 2000 2005 2010

FISCAL YEAR
MM ENERGY POWER

LELELOLE DL ADD DA
AAO

28

TOTAL REVENUES (MILLION NRS)

1986

1987

i988

1989

1990

19 66
1987
288।
1989

199९)

NET INCOME (MILLION NRS )

19 86

1987

1988

1989

19 90

986

1987

1988

1989

1990

Note: For the fiscal year ending JULY 15,

29

SS

LONG - TERM LOANS (MILLION NRS)

1986 1263-3। 1987 1378-8
1988 1541-7

1990 1471. 8

OPERATING EXPENSES: TOTAL REVENUES ( %)
1986
1987
1988
. 1989

199९

1986

1987

1988

19 89

1990

198 6
1987
1988
1989

1990

Note: For the fiscal year ending JULY 15,

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