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AUGUST-2025 (BHADRA-2082}

DURBAR MARG, KATHMANDU, NEPAL

Welcome to the special event of the
MoU Signing Leremany between
NEPAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY &
POWER GRID CORPORATION OF PUWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED
For Dee lornen*f Dc godhgea (। omki) - 87:81 4
'naruws . \ Xi।

a

Sanjen and Chilime HEP Site

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

१) 1. Message from the Minister
2. Message from the State Minister
ww 3. Message from the Secretary। चन 4. Board of Directors
5. Organization Structure
6) 6. Deputy Managing Directors
a= 7. Managing Director's Report 1
8. Generation Directorate 9
— 9. Transmission Directorate 21
10. Distribution and Consumer Services Directorate 38
6 11. Planning, Monitoring and Information Technology Directorate 47
12. Engineering Services Directorate 52
YU 13. Project Management Directorate 59
14. Business Development Directorate 76
15. Central Activities 100
16. Administration Directorate 103
17. Finance Directorate 109
Appendix

Statistics and Schematics

Financial Dashboard

Electricity Tariff

Electricity Generation Power Plants and Project

Generation Related Statistics and Performance Factors
Status of IPP's and NEA Subsidiary Company Projects

Status of High Voltage Transmission Line and Grid Substation
Distribution System Data and loss percentage

Power Development Map of Nepal

Integrated Nepal Power System (INPS)

Front Cover: Chilime -Trishuli 220 kV TL
Back Cover up: Khudi 220/132 kV Substation
Back Cover down: Markichowk 220/132 kV Substation

NEPAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY

Head Office, Durbar Marg, Kathmandu, Nepal
Phone: +977-1-4153051, Fax: +977-1-4153009
Email: neamd@nea.org.np
Website: www.nea.org.np

Sinphdurbar, Kathmandu, रड
AN, Ta ee Fp

Hon'ble Dipak Khadke

Minster
AMinntey el 7 Waler पिया छ & बाहना Caves 'ea neni Nepal

Ministry of Energy, W sources & Irrigation

a]
a

Leticr Wa, +
Viste al
Ref. No Rereiace*
जुवा

Message From the Minister

Gn the smentous 0९ छविमा of ues 4" Anniversary of the Neaul Ilectricity Authority (NEA),। extend
a hearthell canprathiions and best whites le fhe eatin: NEA fomify, our valued consumers and all
Makecholders wha buve beet part of this remarkable journcy. Over the lasd four decades, NEA has
mivhved inte the backbone af Nepal's clectricily secior - delivering power to homes, industries and
comimetities, and in doing so, powering the dreams and aspirations of our nalion,

Sine its establishment in 2041 B.S., NEA has led 8 remarkable transformation in our energy landscape.
We have peogressed from chroaic shortages 10 seasonal energy surplus and from reliance on लाका
10 becoming a net exporter of clectzicily, Nepal's current clectricity export capacity to India stands al
around 1,000 KEW, with agreements it place ic increase this further in the coming days. We have also
bogun exporting 49 MW to Bangladesh - an histatic step ioward expanding regional energy trade, with
plans for further growth in the years ahead, Foday, with nalional eleciificalion reaching nearly 98%
of ovr population, the ght of progress shines brighter than ever, driving socio-economic

Lransfonnation and eshancing ihe quality of life across the country.

The Government of Nepal has sct on ambitious and forward-looking Energy Development Rosdmap
2081, which envisions generaling 28,500 MW by 2035, achieving 100% energy access and exporting
up te 15,000 MW to our neighboring countries. NEA's conwributions through expansion of generation
capacity, mademization ef transmission and distribution systems, integration of renewable energy,
promotion of e-mobility and strengthening of cross-border power trade are central to turning this vision
inte reality.। am particularly encouraged by NEA's initiatives in building sirategic transmission
infrastructure, diversifying the energy mix with large-scate solar projects, expanding clecicic vehicle
charging networks and promoting private sector participalion in generation, transmission and
distribuuion. These steps nol only strengthen domestic energy security but also position Nepal as a clean
energy feader tn the South Asian regton.

As we celebrate thes milestone, we must also remain mindiul ofthe chalfenges ahead; the peed to march
rapidly intreasing generation capacity with robust transmission and disisibution networks: SCCUITINE

Singhdurbor, Kothmondu, Nepal Phone: 977-14221513

Hon'ble Dipak Khadka

Minister
ता of Energy, Water Resouites Fe Migation

क्रमिक, Rathmandu, Nepal
aan TIQe WT Boy np

४।

Ministry of Energy, त कति sturces & [rrigaitan
5 ay
ictier No. 4. Seman eS
क माइक छौ
Rae
Red. No. #ipurcet
1

sustained investments; ensuring system rellabilliy aad resilivace against natural disasters and
maximizing pegiondl energy Ide opportunities. Addressing these challenges will require innovedion,
Meotig poveTmance ond coordinated elorts between peveriment, NEA. privale sector and development
periners.

On behalf of the Goverment of Nepal,। commcad NEA [or its finavecial and technical schievernents,
its cficioncy in service delivery, and its invaluable role in clevating Nepal's stature in the regional
energy market.। am commilted to ensuring that the tenelils of our hydropower resources resch the
poor, marginalized and underprivileged - uplifling lives, surengthening communities and ensuring that
our nation's natural wealth is harnessed wisely for the benefit of all.

Finally, 1 wish NEA continued success in the years to come and reaffirm the Government's unwavering
Support in 16 journey ahead.

Su nade

—
Dipak Khadks

Minister

Ministry of Eoergy, Water Resources and Irrigation

Saghdurbar, Kathmandu, Nepal Phone: 977?-1-4211513

Hon'ble Kham Bahadur Garbuja

Singhdurbar, Kathmandu, Nepal

. State Minister WwW. GE i po. Fpl
150 of पमा, Water Resources पर 1 गि) tmrvem . Nepa [
Ministry of Enerey, sources & Irrigation

Letter No
Ret. No.

Megsage from the State Minister

Distinguished leadership of the Nepal Electricity Authority, dedicated employees. and esteemed
साशा.

1am honored छा congratulate the entire NEA family on the occasion of 15 40th anniversary. For four
deeades, the NEA has been a beacon of progress. illuminating our nation and powering, ils
development,

The NEA has been the driving force behind our enetgy secler, from building our national power grid
to hamessing our vast hydropower potential. 'our achievernents aré छ lestament to your hard work
and dedication. The end of chronic joad shedding was a historic feat bringing prospiTily to counticss
homes and businesses.। any delighted 10 note thar eleciricity now reaches nearly every household, and
the reduction in system losses is a model of efficiency for all public institutions. Furthermore, the
WEA's embrace of modem technology, including smart meters and GIS mapping, shows your
cormmiinent to a modem future,

A truly historic achievement we celebrate today is the successful commencement of the third-country
electricity trade with Bangladesh. This trilateral agreement is. a momentous and impactful develapment
that strengthens regional cooperation ard opens a new chapter far Nepal in the global energy market.

Looking ahead, we must address the challenges of frequent power tipping. and strengthen our
distribution and transmission systems to ensure a reliable supply for all. itis alse crucial ta accelerate
the completion of large-scale hydropower projects, pricritizing those that can manage seasonal लाई?
imbalances. ] urge the NEA to incorporate climate resilience into all future infrastructure to address
the growing threat of climate change-

These successes are a dircet result of the tireless elloris and dedication छौ छाडा employee. [ extend
my deepest gratitude for your in vatuable contributions. The Government of Nepal is fully committed
to supporting NEA in its mission.। assure vou of our unwavering support as you work to meet the
nulion's growing electricity demand and एरा] our shared vision of 5 prosperous, energy-tich Nepal.

Congratulations once again on this auspicious occasion.

With wann regards, Hom छ 8 रर

Kham Bahadur Garbuja
State Minister

Preny. Water Resources, and Urrigation

Singhdurboy, katherdndu, Negi Phone: 377-1-42131519

, म oom 6
Ministry of Energy, Wate = es and Irrigation
छ ता gp। 77-1-4211515
mat 977-1-4241531

Fax: 977-1-4211510
Message from the Secretary = Singha Curbar, Kathmandu, Neva!

On this auspicious occasion of the 40" Anniversary of the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), I would like
to extend my heartfelt congratulations and best wishes to the entire NEA family and electricity consumers.
The progress made छ Nepal's electricity sector over the past decades has been truly remarkable.
Connecting nearly 98% of the population through electrification and making energy sales of 17 billion
rupees from power trade to India in fiscal year 2021/82 also stands as a historic milestone, reflecting the
dedication and hard work of all personne! involved, This achievement has nol only brightened homes and
communities but has also illuminated the path towards socio-cconomic upliftment across the nation.

NEA has been extending its ciectricity supply to sround 6.18 million households in 77 districts of Nepal
through 6,760 circuit kin high voltage transmission line, 2,193,067 circuit km distribution line and §4,123
MV A substations. Moreover, it has been successful in constructing and operating EV charging stations,
expanding renewable energy integration, upgrading transmission and distribution networks, reducing
system losses and modernizing grid infrastructure to ensure a more reliable, टाटा and sustainable power
system. This milestone is 4 testament of unwavering dedication, tireless efforts, and commitment of NEA
to the nation's electricity development.

From its inception in 2041 B.S, NEA has made remarkable strides in the field of electrification through
generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity across the country. From a time when large parts of
Nepal remained in darkness, to now achieving seasonal cnergy surplus and even exporting electricity to
neighboring countries. At this juncture, the entire journey has been inspiring, not only challenging. As s
matier of faci, the established power sector has played a vital role in improving the quality of life of ow
citizens, enabling economik growth, industrial development, and greater social inclusion. As we look
ahead, our focus must now be shifted towards ensusing the retisbility, safety, and sustainability of cur
electricity supply systems. A reliable and robust power sysiem is essential for gaining public confidence
and power trade off that envisioned a support for tong term national development.

According 10 the Energy Development Roadmap 2081, Nepal bas sct an ambitious yet achievable target of
generating 28,500 MW of electricity, making 100% energy access, and exporting up to 15,000 MW 10
neighboring countries. With the continuous sé in electricity generation teading to growing demand for
transmission infrastructure, it has become essential 10 create an enabling environment for private sector
investment in transmission infrastructure and to strengthen the efficiency of electricity trade-both
domestically and for export. In light of these developments, the NEA must also realign its strategic

Looking ahead to a brighter and energy-secured future, 1 am confident that NEA will continue to adapt
with strategic requirement and committed to generating, transmitting, and distributing electricity thal is
efficient, reliable, and affordable energy for all citizens across the nation. A! last, [। would like 10
congratulate the entire NEA family for their continued efforts and commitments lo place NEA as a
CE and कृ sound public enterprise.

Secretary
Mialatry of Exergy, Water Resources and [rrigation

Board of Directors

. न्यु

Mr. Dipak Khadka
Hon'ble Minister
Ministry of Energy, Water Resources and Irrigation
Chairman

Mr. Suresh Acharya Mr. Dinesh Kumar Ghimire Mr. Ratan Bahadur Ayer
Secretary, Ministry of Energy, Secretary, (Revenue) Ministry of Finance Prominent Person in Power Sector
Water Resources and Irrigation Member Member
Member

Dr. Bal Bahadur Parajuli Mr. Shyam Kishor Yadav Mr. Rohit Poudel

Prominent Person in Power Sector Member from Consumer Group Prominent Person in Commerce,
Member Industry and Financial Sector

Member

Managing Director, NEA
Member Secretary

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ALIYOHLAV 2112151-2313 1४०5

Deputy Managing Directors

Mr. Dirghayu Kumar Shrestha Mr. Tularam Giri Mr. Madan Timsina
Deputy Managing Director Deputy Managing Director Deputy Managing Director
Distribution & Consumer Service Administration Directorate Generation Directorate

Directorate

Mr. Tara Prasad Pradhan Mr. Fanendra Raj Joshi Mr. Durga Nanda Bariyait
Deputy Managing Director Deputy Managing Director Deputy Managing Director
Project Management Directorate Engineering Services Directorate Planning, Monitoring and IT Directorate

Mr. Subash Kumar Mishra Mr. Mohan Prasad Gautam Mr. Rajan Rishi Kadel
Deputy Managing Director Deputy Managing Director Acting Deputy Managing Director
Business Development Directorate Deputed to Upper Tamakoshi Hydropower Ltd. Finance Directorate

Mr. Rajan Dhakal
Acting Deputy Managing Director
Transmission Directorate

MANAGING
DIRECTOR'S

present the Nepal Electricity Authority's (NEA)

Annual Report for the Fiscal Year 2024/2025,
marking the 40 anniversary of NEA's
establishment under the NEA Act of 2041 (1984).
Over the past four decades, NEA has grown into
a cornerstone of Nepal's energy sector, driven
by its mandate to ensure accessible, reliable,
and affordable electricity through generation,
transmission, and distribution across the nation.
This milestone year offers an opportunity to
reflect on our achievements, address ongoing
challenges, and reaffirm our commitment to
powering Nepal's progress.। t is with immense pride and gratitude that।

After the successful eradication of dreadful load-
shedding, NEA is now focused on enhancing
the reliability and quality of power supply as
well as improving the customer care. NEA is
also committed in assisting the Government of
Nepal to attain its energy development targets
and transforming the electricity sector for
shared prosperity of the country. For this, NEA
is actively engaged in developing electricity
infrastructures like strategic high voltage
transmission line and substations, large storage
and peaking hydropower projects as well as
reinforcing the present distribution networks and
constructing new distribution lines for ensuring
full electrification throughout the country. NEA
equally prioritizes the private sector participation
in the sector for the shared collaboration in
energy sector development. In addition, NEA has
been increasing the use of modern technology
like use of IT with digitization of NEA itself to
ensure the accountability, transparency and
efficiency in its internal procedures and offering
its customers the top-notch service.

At the end of year in review (FY 2024/25), the
total installed generation capacity reached 3,591

MANAGING DIRECTOR'S REPORT

REPORT

MW with 434 MW added in this reporting year
only. In addition, more than 200 MW are in
pipeline in the system within couple of months.
The recorded total system peak demand for
the year was 2,901 MW and national peak
demand was 2,409 MW. NEA continued to be
net-exporter of electricity with record-high net
exports of 699 GWh of electricity amounting
to NRs. 4.5 billion of the net income from the
cross-border electricity trade in year 2024/25.
The total system loss was reduced to 12.26%
from last year's loss of 12.73% despite increased
usage of the wires and equipment arising from
a net internal consumption increase of 10.74%.
Financially, NEA was able to increase its revenue
from electricity sales to NRs. 125.28 billion,
8.46%, increase from previous year. NEA is
expected to make a profit of NRs. 9.07 billion
(before tax) in this reporting year. The total asset
reached NRs. 683.9 billion with total work in
progress of NRs. 257.3 billion.

Though the year in review marked a significant
achievement, NEA is assumed to face multitude
of challenges in coming years. As more
hydropower projects. will commence their
Operation in coming days, it is very challenging
to utilize their full capacity. For this purpose,
it is essential to increase both the domestic
consumption and volume of electricity export
so that energy production curtailment may be
avoided. Furthermore, massive investment is
required in the transmission and distribution
capacity to reinforce the existing networks to
accommodate the future increase in generation,
transmission and distribution as well as to
improve the reliability of the system. Likewise,
for the potential import and export accelerated
expansion of cross border transmission line and
interconnection facilities is essential. The scale of

Nepal Electricity Authority। 1

FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es ' Nay

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

investments required to meet these challenges
far exceeds the NEA's operating cash surplus.
Thus, NEA is venturing out to seek innovative
solutions.

Moreover, the natural disasters like earthquake,
landslides, floods etc. are also posing threats to
power infrastructures of Nepal on regular basis.
For instance, the recent flood at Bhotekoshi River
severely damaged Trishuli 3A and Rasuwagadhi
headworks as well as Trishuli 3B Hub substation.

As we stand at the crossroads of opportunity
and challenge, NEA proudly celebrates its 40
anniversary. On this auspicious occasion,। extend
my heartfelt gratitude to our stakeholders—
partners, employees, and the people of Nepal—
for your unwavering support over the past four
decades. Your trust has been the cornerstone
of our journey, and। humbly request your
continued partnership for shaping brighter
future together. On behalf of NEA,। reaffirm
our unwavering commitment in elevating the
energy sector's development to new level with
delivering reliable, high-quality services to our
valued customers.

Despite NEA's strong emphasis on safety, we
regretfully report incidents of injuries and
fatalities due to electrical accidents. On behalf of
NEA,। pay tribute to those who lost their lives
and pledge enhanced vigilance and awareness to
minimize future accidents.

This Annual Report for FY 2024/2025 presents
the progress across generation, transmission,
and distribution, as detailed and in respective
sections below.

Operational Performance

In FY 2024/25, the number of electricity
consumers of NEA grew to 5.71 million, a
4.6% increase from FY 2023/24, excluding
approximately 0.33 million consumers served
by Community Rural Electrification. Out of total
number of consumers, domestic consumers
accounted for 91.08% while industrial and
other consumers represented 1.23% and
7.69%, respectively. The national grid coverage
reached 97.6% with 18 local level yet to have
access to national grid. The per capita electricity
consumption increased to 465 kWh from the
previous year's 400 kWh.

Out of the total available energy of 15,641 GWh in
FY 2024/25, NEA and its subsidiaries contributed
34% whereas the IPPs supplied 55% and 11%
was imported from India. The total domestic

2। Nepal Electricity Authority

consumption in the year was 11,343 GWh
(including internal consumption), an increase
of 10.74% from the previous year. Domestic
consumers share the largest consumption
with 42.3% followed by the industrial sector
which consumed 36.5% of the total domestic
consumption.

The electricity exports to India rose to 2,380
GWh which is 22.3% more than that of the
previous year resulting in the net export of 699
GWh. NEA recorded 2,901 MW of system peak
demand on 1* July 2025 out of which 2,214
MW was internally consumed, and 687 MW was
exported to India. The national peak demand
was recorded to be 2,409 MW on 10 June 2025.

Further, in order to establish the indicators of
efficiency and reliability in operations, NEA
has established distribution system reliability
indices — System Average Interruption Frequency
Index (SAIFI) and System Average Interruption
Duration Index (SAIDI). The SAIFl and SAIDI of
NEA's distribution system for this year evaluated
based on the data from the installed 55,100
smart meters are found to be 1,190.24 times per
consumer and 595.40 hours in the total duration
of outage per consumer.

Financial Performance

NEA earned net profit of NRs. 9,067 million
before tax in FY 2024/25. The reduction in net
profit this year has been largely contributed
by the loss incurred due to forex rate increase
in the currencies of NEA's loan, the increased
provisioning for unrealistic receivables as well
as the administrative cost increase incurred due
to hand-over of rural entities. Gross revenue
from energy sales reached NRs 125,277 million,
including NRs 17,471 million from power exports,
increase of 8.46% from FY 2023/24.

Operating expenses, including power purchases,
increased 10.15% to NRs 97,787 million from
NRs 88,778 million, with power purchase costs
alone rising 11.73% to NRs 77,101 million from
NRs 69,007 million from previous year. Other
operating expenses for generation, transmission,
distribution, royalties and power service export
charge were NRs 2,075 million, NRs 3,242 million,
NRs 12,228 million, NRs 1,849 million, and NRs
1292 million respectively. Interest expenses
grew 11% to NRs 7,173 million from NRs 6,462
million, while depreciation and amortization
expenses increased to NRs 9,485 million from
NRs 9,143 million from the previous year.
Foreign exchange losses in FY 2024/25 were NRs
2,252 million. Capital Works in Progress (CWIP)

reached NRs 257,312 million, with a net addition
of NRs 36,457 million. The total assets of NEA
increased by 6.2% from the previous year and
reached NRs. 684,913 million in FY 2024/25. The
Retirement Fund balance stood at NRs 8.959
million, with NRs 1,641 million provided as loans
to contributors.

The average collection period (ACP) was recorded
as 45.84 days excluding the government subsidy,
streetlight dues and dedicated/trunk line dues.
NEA has made significant contribution with
implementing the government's _ streetlight
subsidy policy, NEA has provided free energy of
176,711,018 kWh to approximately 2,073,514
numbers of domestic consumers having the
connection of capacity 5 Amp. Further, the
average selling price was calculated as NRs. 9.44/
kWh. The average sales per consumer increased
from 1,873 kWh to 1,978 kWh and the collection
from online payment increased to NRs. 34.33
billion from NRs. 27.44 billion.

Expansion of Energy Infrastructure and

Modernization of NEA

In the generation sector, NEA, through
its subsidiaries, completed Rasuwagadhi
Hydropower Project with installed capacity 111
MW and Sanjen (Upper) 14.8 MW and Sanjen
42.5 MW. Madhya Bhotekoshi HEP 102 MW
is ready for operation. Rahughat 40 MW is
heading towards completion within the year of
2025 and Tanahu 140 MW has already crossed
halfway in construction. Likewise, Trisuli 3B 37
MW, Rolwaling 22MW, Tamakoshi V 99.8 MW
and Upper Modi 60 MW are already in different
stages of the construction.

Further in FY 2024/25, NEA, aiming to diversify
its generation mix, has awarded the bids to
develop 960 MW of solar plants in different parts
of the country through a competitive tariff-based
competitive bidding process.

On the transmission side, NEA, in FY 2024/25
completed much awaited Chilime-Trishuli 220 kV
Transmission Line enabling evacuation of power
generated in Trishuli river basin. Furthermore,
the successful commissioning of New-Butwal
— Bardaghat 220 kV Transmission Line (both
circuits) helped in further extending the 220 kV
network in the west. Similarly, completion of
Dhungesanghu-Basantapur 220 kV Transmission
Line allows the power evacuation of hydropower
projects being constructed in Arun and Tamor
river basins. NEA completed the much awaited

MANAGING DIRECTOR'S REPORT। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 eS Nay)

New Khimti — Barhabise 400 kV transmission
line which will be utilized to transmit the
power generated from various river basins in
Sindhupalchowk district.

In FY 2024/25 NEA also completed the
construction of Dhalkebar-Loharpatii 132 kV
Transmission Line, 220/132 kV GIS substations at
Markichowk and Barhabise, 132/11 kV Prasauni
substation, 132/11 kV Loharpatti substation,
132/11 kV Mulpani substation, 132/66/11 kV
Amlekhgunj SS and expansion of 132/33 kV
Malekhu substation.

At the end of the FY 2024/2025 the high
voltage transmission line length reached 6,760
circuit kilometers (ckt-kms) from 6,508 ckt-kms
previous year. The total substation capacity grew
to 14,123 MVA with 1,073 MVA added in year
2024/25 only. Furthermore, 2,034 ckt-kms of
high voltage transmission lines and 6,338 MVA
Capacity substations are at various stages of
construction. NEA is implementing Substation
Automation System (SAS) in existing 52 grid
substations across the country which is expected
to complete in FY 2025/26.

Likewise onthe distribution side, in FY 2024/2025,
NEA added 15 new 33/11 kV substations of total
capacity 140 MVA, 9,336 ckt-kms of 33, 11 and
0.4/0.23 kV distribution lines and 3,151 numbers
of 11/0.4 kV transformers with total capacity of
338 MVA into its distribution system. NEA is also
expanding distribution lines in the remote places
of the country to ensure that no households
are deprived of electricity access. Similarly,
underground cabling works are ongoing in major
cities including Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur,
Bharatpur and Pokhara to enhance the
distribution capacity, safety as well as to enrich
the aesthetic beauty of serene cities of Nepal.
Works are also being carried out to reinforce the
distribution network in Madhesh Province.

NEA has completed the installation of 62
numbers of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations
in year 2024/25 at various locations across the
country. The charging station initiative of NEA
has catalyzed the mass adoption of EVs in Nepal
and massive private sector investments in EV
charging infrastructures. NEA is taking a lead in
adopting EV in its working fleet too.

Power Trade Agreement and Private Sector
Engagement

NEA has been promoting private sector primarily
in the generation sector, through Power Purchase

Nepal Electricity Authority। 3

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Agreements (PPA) to meet the country's energy
demand and use of the competitive advantages
sector of hydropower development. In FY
2024/25, 22 new projects from Independent
Power Producers (IPPs) including NEA
subsidiaries, with a combined capacity of 434
MW, were commissioned. This increased the
total number of operational IPP-owned projects
reaching to 204, with a combined capacity of
2,929.7 MW. Additionally, NEA's 5 subsidiary
projects contributed 646.4 MW to this total.

Currently 142 projects with a combined installed
capacity of 4,303 MW are under construction
following financial closure. Another 148 IPPs
projects totaling 4,203.476 MW are at various
stages of development, awaiting financial
closure.

During FY 2024/25, NEA signed 39 PPAs, including
31 hydropower projects with a combined
installed capacity of 932 MW and 8 solar plants
totaling 170 MW. This raised the total number
of PPAs with IPPS to 494, with the combined
capacity of 11,436 MW.

Cross Border Electricity Trade

FY 2024/25 marked a significant milestone in
Nepal's electricity sector as NEA started exporting
40 megawatts of electricity to Bangladesh via
India's transmission line from started from June
15, 2025, for the five-month monsoon season,
following a tripartite agreement signed between
Nepal, Bangladesh and India in October 2024.

Additionally, NEA continued 15 electricity
trade with India through various mechanisms,
including the Power Exchange Market (Day-
ahead and Real-Time Markets), Medium-term
Bilateral Agreements, and the _ Indo-Nepal
Power Exchange Committee (PEC), maintaining
robust cross-border energy cooperation. NEA
has obtained the approval of 28 generators with
combined capacity of 936.72 MW for exports to
India with recent addition of another 200 MW
of new plants. With collaboration of GON, NEA
is maintaining continuous efforts for exporting
more energy to the Indian market and other
regional grids.

NEA continues to be net exporter of electricity in
FY 2024/25 as well. The total electricity exports to
India were 2,380 GWh, 22% increase compared to
previous year whereas NEA imported 1,681 GWh
of electricity from India which is about 11.3% less
than of previous year. The revenue from total
electricity export increased to NRs 17.47 billion,

4। Nepal Electricity Authority

while total expenditure on import decreased to
NRs 12.9 billion, resulting in net income of NRs.
4.57 billion for NEA from electricity trading in year
2024/25. The significant growth in net exports
and net income underscores the potential cross
border electricity trade to reduce Nepal's trade
deficit, exporting its surplus electricity.

The Dhalkebar - Muzzafarpur 400 kV cross border
transmission line is operational as the key power
trade channel. Further in fostering potential
power trade, NEA and Powergrid Corporation of
India Limited inked a landmark agreement for the
development of two new 400 kV cross-border
transmission lines — Dododhara (Lamki)-Bareli
and Inaruwa-Purnea on 23 April 2025 following
the agreement reached by Nepal and India at 12"
meeting of the Nepal-India Secretary-level Joint
Steering Committee in New Delhi, India, on 12
February 2025. Implementation of these cross-
border transmission lines will be instrumental
in fulfilling Nepal's target to export 15,000 MW
of electricity by 2035 and India's commitment
to import 10,000 MW of electricity in next ten
years.

Business through Subsidiaries
1. Chilime Hydropower Limited (CHCL)

CHCL, established in 1995 as NEA's first
subsidiary with 51% ownership, operates the
Chilime Plant (since 2003) and manages five
subsidiaries: Sanjen Jalavidhyut Company
Ltd. (SJCL) for Sanjen (42.5 MW) and Sanjen
Upper (14.8 MW), Rasuwaghadi Hydropower
Company Ltd. (RGHPCL) for Rasuwagadhi
(111 MW), both operational in FY 2024/25;
Madhya Bhotekoshi Jalavidhyut Company
Ltd. (MBJCL) for Madhya Bhotekoshi (102
MW), recently commissioned; Chilime
Seti Hydropower Company Ltd. (CSHC)
for Chilime Seti (87 MW); and Chilime
Engineering & Services Companies Ltd.
(ChesCo) for consulting services. CHCL is also
studying three hydroelectric projects on the
Budi Gandaki River (total 219 MW).

2. Upper Tamakoshi
(UTKHPL)

UTKHPL, established on March 9, 2007,
as NEA subsidiary with 41% ownership,
completed and commissioned the Upper
Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project (456
MW) in 2021. This daily peaking run-of-
the-river plant, with an average annual
energy generation of 2,281 GWh, began

Hydropower Limited

commercial operations on August 20, 2021.
UTKHPL is also developing the Rolwaling
Khola Hydroelectric Project (22 MW) since
2022, which will extend peaking hours of
the Upper Tamakoshi hydropower from 4 to
6 hours, even in the dry season.

Tamakoshi Jalavidyut Company Limited
(TKJVCL)

TKJVCL is developing Tamakoshi V
Hydroelectric Project (TKVHEP), a 99.8 MW
cascade project of the Upper Tamakoshi
Hydroelectric Project. Construction has just
begun marking the progress of 15.34% as
of the end of FY 2024/25. The estimated
construction cost of the project is NRs. 21
billion and is financed through a tripartite
loan agreement between TKJVCL, NEA, and
Employees Provident Fund, with a debt-
equity ratio of 65:35.

Modi Jalvidyut Company Limited (MJVCL)

MJVCL, a NEA subsidiary, is developing
the Upper Modi 'A' Hydroelectric Project
(UMAHEP, 42 MW) and Upper Modi
Hydroelectric Project (UMHEP, 18.2 MW)
1) Annapurna Rural Municipality, Kaski
District, as cascade developments along
the Modi River. Pre-construction activities
and financial closure for both projects are
complete, with financing secured through
a Syndicated Loan Agreement (SLA) for
UMHEP and a Supplementary Syndicated
Loan Agreement (SSLA) for UMAHEP, led
by NMB Bank Limited, HIDCL, and Sanima
Bank Limited. UMAHEP's civil and hydro-
mechanical works (Lot-1) have started the
construction works, while UMHEP's Lot-1
contract has been awarded and preparatory
works are ongoing.

Dudh Koshi Javidyut Company Limited
(DKJVCL)

DKJVCL, established on March 3, 2017, as a
NEA subsidiary, is developing the 670 MW
Dudhkoshi Storage Hydroelectric Project
(DKSHEP) in Khotang and Okhaldhunga
Districts. The project features a 600 MW
main powerhouse and a 70 MW dam-toe
powerhouse, supported by a 220-meter-
high concrete-faced rock-fill dam creating
a 31.5-km-long reservoir with 1,581 million
cubic meters capacity. It is expected to
generate 3,377 GWh annually (1,252 GWh
dry season, 2,125 GWh wet season), which
will be connected to the National Grid

MANAGING DIRECTOR'S REPORT। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es Nay)

via an 81-km 400 kV transmission line to
Dhalkebar Substation. The estimated project
cost is USD 2.3 billion, financed through a
mix of sovereign and non-sovereign loans
and equity. Major construction is slated for
2026/2027, with financial closure expected
in 2025/2026.

Chainpur Seti Javidyut Company Limited
(CSJVCL)

CSJVCL, is developing the 210 MW Chainpur
Seti Hydroelectric Project (CSHEP), a Peaking
Run-of-River project on the Seti Riverin Talkot,
Saipal, and Mastha rural municipalities,
Bajhang District, Sudurpaschim Province.
The project will generate 1,206.674 GWh
annually, including 181.743 GWh (5-hour
peaking).

The feasibility study and construction of
access roads to the powerhouse have been
completed. Adit tunnels and camp facilities
at the powerhouse are under construction.
The survey of 15-km 220 kV double-circuit
transmission line from the switchyard to
Bajhang substation has been completed.
The Investment Board has approved the
project. HIDCL is leading the discussions
with EPF, Citizens Investment Trust (CIT),
Social Security Fund (SSF) and commercial
banks for the financial closure of the project.

Trilsuli Jalvidyut Company Limited (TJVCL)

TJVCL, established in 2011, aims to develop
the 37 MW Upper Trishuli 3B Hydroelectric
Project (UT3BHEP) in Nuwakot and Rasuwa
districts. NEA and Nepal Telecom Company
Limited (NTC) each hold a 30% equity
share. UT3BHEP, a Run-of-the-River cascade
project, utilizes water from the Upper
Trishuli 3A tailrace tunnel.

An EPC contract signed in February 2018
was terminated in December 2023 due to
the contractor's non-performance. The bid
was rewarded for Lot 1-Civil Works and
works have started, while the bidding of Lot
2 Electromechanical Works was starts again
and is in under final stage of evaluation.

Raghuganga Hydropower Limited (RHL)

RHL, established on March 7, 2017, is
developing the 40 MW _ Raghuganga
Hydropower Project in Myagdi, Nepal.
Financed by EXIM Bank of India's Line of
Credit and joint investment from GoN and

Nepal Electricity Authority। 5

A YEAR IN REVIEW

10.

11.

FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

NEA, this PROR project with 6-hour peaking
is under construction. As of FY 2024/2025,
civil and hydromechanical works are 86%
completed, electromechanical works are
70% completed, with equipment installation
ongoing. Completion is expected by
December 2025.

Uttar Ganga Power Company Limited
(UJPCL)

UJPCL, a subsidiary of NEA, was established
on March 30, 2017, to develop the Uttar
Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project in
Baglung District, Gandaki Province. Initially
licensed for 300 MW in FY 2015/16, the
project's capacity was increased to 828 MW
in FY 2017/18. It features a 200 m high rock-
fill dam, an 8.51 km headrace tunnel, and
large underground powerhouses. A 65 km,
400 kV DC transmission line is planned to
connect the powerhouse to the Uttar Ganga
Hub in Rukum. In FY 2024/25, a contract
was signed with NEA Engineering Company
for a feasibility review and in-basin study
alternative.

Tanahu Hydropower Limited (THL)

THL was established on 25 March 2012,
as a subsidiary of NEA. THL is developing
the Tanahu Hydropower Project (formerly
Upper Seti) in Tanahu District. This 140 MW
storage-type project, with an estimated
annual energy generation of 502.58 GWh, is
financed by ADB, JICA, EIB, NEA, and GoN.
Currently under construction, it has achieved
approximately 67% overall progress. The
project is expected to be commissioned in
FY 2027/28.

THL is also developing the 126 MW
Lower Seti Hydropower Project, utilizing
regulated discharge from Tanahu's tailrace
and Madi River flows. Detailed design and
environmental studies are nearly complete,
land acquisition is ongoing, and construction/
test audits are in progress. Discussions for
financing are underway with JICA and ADB.

Upper Arun Hydroelectric Limited (UAHEL)

UAHEL, an NEA subsidiary established
in 2017, is developing the 1063 MW
Upper Arun Hydropower Project in
Sankhuwasabha, Nepal, a transformative
project for the hydropower sector. All
preparatory activities—land acquisition,
compensation, environmental compliance,

Nepal Electricity Authority

12.

13.

14.

approvals, and geological investigations—
are completed. The World Bank is leading
discussions for the financial closure of the
foreign portion ($1.89 billion) whereas
on domestic side, MoU has been signed
for investing NRs. 53.14 billion through a
consortium led by HIDCL. The design and
bidding documents have been prepared for
the associated Ikhuwa Khola Hydropower
Project and geological investigations are
ongoing. Access road with tunnel is under
construction, and preparations are ongoing
to start construction in the power house
upon obtaining the generation license.

NEA Engineering Company Limited (NEC)

NEC, established on March 3, 2017, under
Nepal's National Energy Crisis Reduction and
Electricity Development Decade Action Plan-
2072, as a government-sector engineering
consultancy firm is focused on hydropower
and infrastructure development. NEC has
completed feasibility and detailed design for
major hydropower projects like Jagadulla,
Betan, Fukot Karnali, Mugu Karnali, and
Kimmanthaka Arun, as well 35 high-
voltage transmission lines. It also provides
construction supervision for projects like
Bheri Babai Irrigation, Modi, and Rolwaling
HEPs, collaborating with international firms
to enhance engineering capacity for national
development. This company has emerged to
be the leading consulting company of Nepal
in energy sector.

Nepal Power Trading Company Limited
(NPTC)

NPTC was incorporated on 7th March 2017
as a subsidiary company of NEA, with the
broad objective of facilitating power trading
both within and outside the country. The
company has obtained Trading License from
Ministry of Energy, Water Resources and
Irrigation.

Power Transmission Company Nepal

Limited (PTCN)

PTCN, a subsidiary of Nepal Electricity
Authority was incorporated on 16th
September 2007 with an objective of
developing high voltage transmission
interconnection system between Nepal and
India for the mutual interest and benefit of
both the countries. Shareholders of PTCN
are Power Grid Corporation of India, HIDCL,

ILFS Energy Development Company and
NEA. PTCN has already commissioned with
two Joint Venture companies - one in India
and other in Nepal were incorporated for
implementation of 400 kV double circuit line
interconnection between Muzaffarpur in
India and Dhalkebar in Nepal.

Way Forward

The Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), being
a government-owned utility, is committed to
providing reliable, affordable, and high-quality
electricity while maintaining financial stability
and sustainability to support the further
development. This dedication has earned public
trust and optimism for the whole energy sector
development. However, NEA being in the cross
road of various threats and challenges, our
primary focus will be continuing advancing to
support GON goal and priorities and at the same
time, NEA will focus on enhancing operational
efficiency and financially sustainability through
its operation. The plans and strategies will be
activated to increase domestic consumption,
with self-reliance distribution system and
focusing on surplus electricity exports to
neighboring countries to manage the wet season
surplus energy which in turns also reduces the
trade deficit of the whole economy.

Being a key partner of GON, NEA supports GON
targets in achieving the goal of 28,500 MW
production within 2035. For the generation
expansion, NEA will continue developing
hydropower projects independently, with joint
ventures, and through subsidiaries, prioritizing
various projects scaling medium to large-scale
reservoir and peaking projects. In facilitation
for the healthy energy mix NEA is not only
facilitating peaking ROR and storage projects
and Solar project to IPPs but also NEA has
been taking initiatives to develop the various
types of projects from medium to large scale.
Various level studies have been ongoing for
PROR projects like Chainpur Seti (210 MW) and
Tila Hydroelectric Project (70.37 MW) located
in the Jumla District. Priority will be given to
Pump Storage project which will support for the
daily peak management. Lower Seti (126 MW),
Chilime Seti (87 MW) are almost ready for further
development through subsidiaries. Large project
Upper Arun (1063 MW) and Dudhkoshi Reservoir
Project (635 MW) are on the way to financial
closure and construction. The discussion with
World Bank and ADB and other partners for the
respective projects are ongoing for their financial

MANAGING DIRECTOR'S REPORT। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 eS है Na y

arrangement.

NEA also plans to implement Battery Energy
Storage Systems (BESS) to improve energy
security during the dry season and for energy
arbitrage during the wet season. Storage
technologies can also serve as a standby power
source to maintain the grid stability. This state-
of-the-art technology could be instrumental for
energy balance, energy security and could be
helpful in managing demand gap in the system
particularly in dry season. Further studies will be
initiated for BESS and potential engagement of
private and PPP models will be explored.

NEA is focused on upgrading transmission
१10 distribution infrastructure to ensure
reliable supply and boost power exports. The
construction of a new 400 kV transmission line
from New Butwal to Lamahi will be started
next fiscal year. Further, two major 400 kV
transmission lines: Barhabise — Kathmandu and
Hetauda — Dhalkebar will be completed and
brought to operation by next fiscal year.

NEA has proposed four priority high voltage
transmission lines: Tingla-Dudhkoshi-Dhalkebar
400 kV Transmission Line, Arun Hub—Inaruwa 400
kV Transmission Line, New Khimti—Dhalkebar 400
kV Transmission Line and Lapsifedi — Teenpiple
220 kV Transmission Line to implement in PPP
mode through Annual Required Revenue (ARR)
based competitive bidding process. For this, NEA
has already conducted market sounding exercise
and looks forward to publishing bids soon.

High-capacity cross-border transmission lines
with India, including the Butwal-Gorakhpur 400
kV line is in progress and will be completed within
this fiscal year and is planned to be charged at
220 kV. A 220 kV cross border transmission line
from Chilime to Kerung is also planned and is
under detail study between Nepal-China. This
will further strengthen Nepal's power grid and
also increase power trading capacity.

For the distribution sector, NEA will prioritize
the national goal of achieving full electrification
throughout the country. NEA will prioritize and
make efforts in expanding distribution system
in remaining areas for full access and coverage
throughout the country for full electrification.
NEAwillfocus ongrid reinforcement, upgradation,
modernization and automation in distribution
substation for reliable power supply to the
consumers. To increase domestic demand, NEA
continues to promote clean energy transitions
in cooking, transportation, irrigation and

Nepal Electricity Authority। 7

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

industries, reducing fossil fuel imports. Further,
NEA is also exploring potential use of excess
energy in green hydrogen production and other
innovative technologies. Grid modernization
with Substation Automation System (SAS) and
integration in SCADA system has been already
initiated and will be further reinforced for the
reliable power supply. The use of SMART meter
in the distribution system particularly for new
three phase consumers have already been
started and further expansion of smart meters
in the distribution system will be expanded.
The data of supply reliability measured and
extracted from the smart meters will provide
undisputed and factual reference data for future
performance measurements.

NEA continues to utilize information and new
technology to enhance operational efficacy. NEA
will focus on digital transformation, automation,
and secure IT infrastructure. The modern
Distribution Control Center and Data Center in
Syuchatar will drive NEA's digitization, aligning
with the government's Digital Nepal vision.
Organizational restructuring will be guided by
the updated Corporate Development Plan and
potential amendments to the NEA Act remain
a priority. Use of human capitals and enhancing
their efficacy will be focused through motivation
and training. As part of digital NEA, Online
Evaluation System and performance monitoring
have been started in NEA system. Accountability
and responsibility in HR system is expected with
such enforcement.

Acknowledgement

On behalf of NEA,। express heartfelt gratitude
to all the contributors to our achievements. My
sincere gratitude to the Right Honorable Prime
Minister for fostering an enabling environment
for hydropower development, and to the
Honorable Minister of Energy, Water Resources
and Irrigation, and NEA Board Chairman, for his
proactive leadership in guiding the policies and
programs of NEA.। also express my appreciation
for the valuable support from the Honorable
State Minister and the Secretary of MoEWRI for
their steadfast guidance.। extend my gratitude to the NEA Board of
Directors for their support policymaking and

8। Nepal Electricity Authority

decision making within the framework of NEA
Act, 1984, and to the Government of Nepal,
particularly the Ministries of Energy, Finance,
and others, for their continuous support in the
line ministries. The parliamentary committees
and the Electricity Regulatory Commission (ERC)
deserve deep appreciation and thanks for their
oversight and regulatory supports.। am grateful to our development partners—
World Bank, ADB, JICA, EU, EIB, AIIB, KFW, NORAD,
USAID, Saudi Fund, OPEC Fund, and Exim Banks
of India, China, and Korea—for their ongoing
commitment to Nepal's energy needs. Special
appreciation goes to Employees Provident Fund,
Citizen Investment Trust, HIDCL, and Rashtriya
Beema Sansthan for meeting our investment
needs, and to banks, auditors, IPPs, suppliers,
and investors for their trust.। acknowledge generous and supportive power
utilities of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, and Indian
power trading companies (NVVN and PTC India
Limited) for their role in cross-border power
trade. The media's efforts in sharing accurate
information are commendable, and। seek their
continued support.। also thank my predecessors
for their invaluable contributions to NEA's growth
over the four decades of our journey.

The dedication of NEA's staff, including Employee
Unions, has been vital to our performance and
Operations, even in challenging times. Finally,। sincerely thank our valued consumers and
professional organizations for their patience
and encouragement, assuring them of our
commitment to ensuring a reliable, safe, and
continuous power supply in the future.

Thank you.

Hitendra Dev Shakya
Managing Director

he Generation
under the

Directorate, operating
leadership of the Deputy

Managing Director, is responsible for
the efficient operation and maintenance of
hydropower stations owned by the Nepal
Electricity Authority (NEA). It oversees the
management of twenty hydropower plants and
two thermal power stations, with a combined
installed capacity of 627 MW. The Directorate
is committed to maximizing energy production
through the optimal utilization of resources.
This is achieved by implementing periodic
overhauls, preventive maintenance measures,
and targeted rehabilitation programs across
the generating facilities. The organizational

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GENERATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ?

GENERATION
DIRECTORATE

structure of the Directorate includes three
departments and two divisions dedicated to
supporting its mission.

1. Large Generation Operation and
Maintenance Department
2. Medium Generation Operation and

Maintenance Department

3. Generation Development and Support
Department

4. Finance Division

5. Administration Division

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Timeline of Hydropower Development by NEA

Nepal Electricity Authority। 9

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Major Achievements

For the Fiscal Year 2081/82 Sunkoshi and
Sundarijal HPS achieved generation more than
100% of the target. Whereas Kaligandaki 'A',

0 % of Design

In the case of the storage power plant, the
maximum and minimum water level of
Kulekhani reservoir was recorded as 1531.5
and 1486.3 MASL. With effective utilization,
altogether the combined generation of KL1, KL2
and KL3 reached 279.8 GWh in this fiscal year.

Middle Marsyangdi, Marsyangdi, Chameliya,
Upper Trishuli 3A, Modi, Puwakhola, Seti
HPS have achieved more than 90% of target
generation.

O % of Target

20: हिड Geen म Ge Seen tela

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Wet vs Dry Season Generation of last three fiscal years

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ACTUAL GENERATION {GWH}

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403 264

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171
187

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Apr-May
221
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222

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232
199
211

Monthly seasonal variation of last three fiscal years

10। Nepal Electricity Authority

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GENERATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2 Ny

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1655 1408 1840 1722 खर 240

Energy generation pattern of PROR/ROR and storage (GWh)

Energy from Run-of-River (ROR) and storage
facilities is used seasonally. ROR energy
dominates during the monsoon and _ post-
winter seasons, while storage energy maintains
balance. Generation rises from Chaitra to
Shrawan, then declines until Falgun, with peak
storage use in Baisakh.

Targel Genenvion

B Large Generation, पिडीत Gepl न Mediun Gcncracion, Od Dopt

% contribution of Medium and Large Generation,
O&M Department

1. Large Generation Operation and

Maintenance Department

Power plants with installed capacity of 30 MW
and above, including seven hydropower plants
totaling 465 MW, fall under this department.
In fiscal year 2081/82, these plants generated
2487 GWh, about 86% of the total annual
generation.

All plants operate year-round except Kulekhani।, Il, and Ill, which are seasonal storage-based.
Out of the seven plants, four (Kaligandaki,
Middle Marsyangdi, Marsyangdi, Chameliya)
are peaking run-of-river (PROR), two (Kulekhani। and Il) are storage-cascade, and one (Upper
Trishuli 3A) is run-of-river (ROR). Kulekhani।
stores monsoon water and operates mainly
during the dry season to meet peak demand.

Kali Gandaki 'A' Hydropower Station

Kali Gandaki 'A' Hydropower Station is the
largest power station of the department with
an installed capacity of 144 MW and with 3
units each having capacity of 48 MW. It is a
six-hour daily peaking run-of-river type power
station having an annual design generation of
842 GWh and it was commissioned in 2002 AD.

The cumulative generation of the Plant till the
end of FY 2081/82 reached 18,120.592 GWh
from the first run. The plant generated 863.476
GWh of energy this year which was more by
2.60 % compared to the previous year, 2.48 %
more than annual design and 97.62 % of target
generation this year.

In this fiscal year, major overhauling of Unit
1 was completed, including turbine runner,
wicket gates, and headcover replacement. Dam
repairs were done on diversion, under sluice,
and flushing gates, with sill beams and seals
replaced. TRCM systems were fully overhauled.
Two GIS bays were added for the 132 kV Ridi
line, and maintenance was performed on the
132 kV SF6 breaker at Lekhnath Bay. Three
downstream spillway gates were rehabilitated,
and Unit 2's generator coils and bars were
replaced after a stator earth fault.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 11

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Unit No.1 overhauling works

Middle Marsyangdi Hydropower Station

Middle Marsyangdi Hydropower — Station
(MMHPS) is a 70 MW peaking run-of-river plant
located in Lamjung District, Gandaki Province.
It diverts water from the Marsyangdi River—
originating from Tilicho Lake—and can reserve
flow for up to five hours of peaking operation,
even during low discharge. Commissioned in
2008, the plant was inaugurated on December
14 and began commercial operation a month
later.

With a design generation of 398 GWh annually,
MMHPS has generated a cumulative total
of 7091.1 GWh as of FY 2081/82. This year's
generation reached 427.9 GWh—3% lower
than last year but 107.6% of the design target.

In this fiscal year, overhauling of Unit 2 was
completed and desander basins were restored
in-house. Spillway chute no. 1 was rebuilt with
M60 concrete, steel lining, and epoxy coating.
Modern upgrades included a digital governor
panel, 110V battery bank, and RTU for real-time
LDC communication.

Radial gates repair works

12। Nepal Electricity Authority

Marsyangdi Hydropower Station

Marsyangdi Hydropower station is a peaking
run-off-river type power station, located in
Tanahun district in the Gandaki province. With
installed capacity of 69 MW and annual design
generation of 462.5 GWh, this plant has 4 hours
of peaking capacity. It was commissioned in
1989 AD.

The cumulative generation of the plant till the
end of FY 2081/82 reached 15046.929 GWh
from its first run. The plant generated 451.8
GWh of energy this year which is 1.28% more
compared to the previous year. This value is
97% of target generation this year and is 97% of
designed generation.

The plant completed the overhaul of Unit
No. 2 In this fiscal year, and maintained key
infrastructure, including radial gates, desander
basin floating boom, and gantry crane wire
rope. Repairs included the hook block, shaft
seal, and sliding ring of Unit No. 3.

Overhauling of Unit No-2

Upper Trishuli 3A Hydropower Station

Upper Trishuli 3A Hydropower Station is a run-
of-river (ROR) type hydropower station with an
installed capacity of 60 MW and 70% POE. This
plant is located in Rasuwa and Nuwakot districts
of Bagmati Province of Nepal. It is the second
largest hydropower station of NEA in terms of
annual design energy generation. It has the
annual designed generation capacity of 489.76
GWh having two vertical Francis units each of
capacity 30 MW. The cumulative generation
of the plant till the end of FY 2081/82 reached
2391.5 GWh from its first run. The plant
generated 356 GWh of energy this year which
is 17% less compared to the previous year. This
value is 78% of target generation this year and
is 73% of designed generation.

In this fiscal year, for the first time, NEA's in-
house team overhauled Units 1 and 2, including
repairs to draft tube gates, inlet valves, and
head covers. Radial gates underwent major
maintenance, with seals, plates, and rail bars
replaced. SCADA systems and communication
links were restored, with sensor and PLC
upgrades. Civil works included pre-monsoon
concrete repairs and gabion spur construction
near the tailrace.

Lifting of upper bracket during overhauling

On the morning of 2081/03/24 at approximately
4:30 AM, a sudden flood event caused by
intense rainfall in the upper catchment area led
to the uncontrolled inflow of water and debris
into the dam premises. Due to the absence
of early warning, several key structures were
affected, including the deck and _ control
room. Fortunately, no human casualties were
reported.

Initial assessments revealed damage to
Diversion Radial Gate-1, with about 1.5 meters

GENERATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 (sy

of the lower gate skin plate detached and its
control panel and hydraulic unit submerged.
Gates 2, 3, and 4, though structurally intact, are
currently inoperative due to damaged hydraulic
systems. Specifically, Gate-2's pressure unit was
submerged, and Gate-3's hydraulic cylinder was
broken. The stoplog gantry crane and lifting
mechanism were also damaged, affecting gate
isolation operations.

Civil structures such as the control building,
upstream and downstream piers, staff quarters,
and operating platforms were impacted by
debris and silt deposition. Additionally, gate
operating panels, motors, and sensors were
submerged and are presently non-functional.

Kulekhani। Hydropower Station

Kulekhani-l, Nepal's only — reservoir-type
hydropower station, is located in Dhorsing,
Makwanpur, with a capacity of 60 MW
(2x30 MW). Designed for peaking, it also
supports voltage and system stability. It
generates 165GWh primary and 46GWh
secondary energy annually. By FY 2081/82,
cumulative generation reached 5,785.9 GWh,
with 170.56GWh_ generated this year—a
64.5% rise from the previous year. Hydrological
data for FY 2081/82 recorded the reservoir's
maximum water level at 1,531.5 meters above
sea level (on 2081/06/12), while the minimum
level was recorded at 1,486.28 meters above
sea level (on 2082/02/30).

woh

छि

fe lebih। पि।

Response of reservoir water level with
corresponding monthly generation

The Kulekhani Reservoirhasa65 muncontrolled
spillway and two radial gates designed for
operation at EL. 1530 masl. On 12th Ashoj 2081
(FY 2081/82), heavy rainfall caused the water
level to rise beyond the spillway's capacity. As
per the operational manual, both radial gates
were opened at EL. 1530.20 mas! to stabilize
the reservoir.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 13

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

I~। a

gee "we.

[उ % ae

Machine floor of KL1

Kulekhani II Hydropower Station

Kulekhani-Il Hydropower Station, a 32 MW
cascade plant commissioned in 1986, utilizes
tailrace water from Kulekhani-l, along with
flow from the Mandu River and Rapti Pumping
Station, to produce 104.6GWh_ annually.
Each year, the Mandu intake is cleaned post-
monsoon, and the Rapti Pumping Station is
maintained and operated as needed during the
dry season to support power generation.

The cumulative generation of the plant till the
end of FY 2081/81 reached 2,436.5 GWh from
its first run. The plant generated 74.9 GWh of
energy this year which is 56% more compared
to the previous year. This value is 89% of target
generation this year.

In this fiscal year work on 7.2 kV VCB switchgear
is ongoing. Transformer oil filtration was done
on three spares, and a damaged 600 sq.mm
conductor was replaced. Civil works included
filter replacement and wall construction at
Mandu and Rapti intakes, along with surge tank
road repairs.

14। Nepal Electricity Authority

6.6 kV Bus conductor maintenance

Chameliya Hydropower Station

Chameliya Hydropower Station, a daily peaking
run-of-river (PROR) scheme with an installed
capacity of 30 MW is in Darchula district in
far western province. It has a designed annual
generation of 184.21 GWh.

The cumulative generation of the plant till the
end of FY 2081/82 reached 1091.2 GWh from
its first run. The plant generated 142.4 GWh of
energy this year which is 6% more compared
to the previous year. This value is 91% of target
generation this year and is 77% of designed
generation

In this fiscal year, Unit 2 was overhauled in
Ashoj/Kartik 2081, followed by the overhaul of
Unit 1 in Ashad 2082. Key equipment upgrades
included procurement and installation of a VCB
at the substation, a vertical sump pump, and
a nitrogen refill plant. Additionally, the 3 MVA
transformer (33/11 kV) at the switchyard was
replaced.

Stator of unit-2 during overhauling

2. Medium Generation Operation § and
Maintenance Department
The Medium Generation Operation and

Maintenance Department, led by a Director,
oversees plants with capacities under 30 MW—
including one PROR, twelve ROR, one diesel, and
one multifuel plant. The diesel and multifuel
plants, managed by Chatara and Kulekhani III
HPS respectively, are currently not in regular
operation due to the growing reliance on
hydropower. The department's total installed
capacity is 123.03 MW. In FY 2081/82, 15 active
plants generated 415 GWh—about 14% of
NEA's total and 89% of the 466 GWh target.

Trishuli Hydropower Station

Trishuli Hydropower Station, located in
Nuwakot district, was commissioned in 1967
with 21 MW capacity (7 units x 3 MW) funded
by the Government of India. It was rehabilitated
in 1995, upgrading to 24 MW with six 3.5 MW
units and one 3 MW standby unit. As a peaking
run-of-river plant, it has a peaking capacity
of 21 MWh and an annual design generation
of 163 GWh. By FY 2081/82, cumulative
generation reached 6,031.9 GWh. This year, it
produced 97.7 GWh—17% below last year's
output, achieving 81% of its target and 60% of
the design capacity.

Powerhouse maintenance covered rotor shaft
work (Unit 1), bearing repairs (Units 2, 5, 6),
MIV repair (Unit 2), and oil cooler installation
(Unit 1).

GENERATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 (2

Repair of generator side covers during overhauling

As part of rehabilitation, a 10 MVA (66/11 kV)
and an 18 MVA (6.6/66 kV) transformer were
installed, tested, and commissioned. A 6.6
kV, 3000A switchgear and a 400V, 300A LT AC
panel were also commissioned. The project
modernized and redesigned the auto guide
vane closing system across all units, improving
overspeed protection.

Devighat Hydropower Station

Devighat Hydropower Plant is a _ cascade
development of Trishuli Hydropower Plant
with installed capacity of 15 MW and annual
design generation of 114 GWh. It is located at
Devighat, Nuwakot. The capacity of the units
was improved and upgraded from an initial 14.1
MW which was initially commissioned in 1984.

The cumulative generation of the plant till the
end of FY 2081/82 reached 3496.1 GWh from
its first run. The plant has generated 76.4 GWh
of energy this year which is 12% less compared
to the previous year. This value is 80% of target
generation this year and is 68% of designed
generation.

This fiscal year, the hydropower plant completed
a full overhaul of Unit 3's turbine and generator,
installed a new brake and jacking system, and
restored SCADA. Station supply was upgraded
with a 33kV breaker and isolator. Repairs were
made to Unit 2's rotor connections and Unit 3's
excitation system. Infrastructure improvements
included new fencing and a staff room at the
substation.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 15

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Repair works on draft tube during overhauling

Kulekhani II] Hydropower Station

Kulekhani Ill Hydropower Station, with a 14
MW capacity and annual generation of 40.85
GWh, is a cascade of the Kulekhani Storage
Project (Kulekhani। and Il). It primarily uses
regulated flow from Kulekhani Il and the natural
flow of Khani Khola for power generation.The
cumulative generation of the plant till the end
of FY 2081/82 reached 176.3 GWh from its
first run. The plant has generated 34.3 GWh of
energy this year which is 54% more compared
to the previous year. This value is 117 % of target
generation this year and is 79% of designed
generation.

Recent upgrades included shaft alignment
and generator bearing replacement in Unit 2.
Station service 7.2 kV vacuum circuit breakers
were installed and commissioned in Units 1 and
2.

Gandak Hydropower Station

Gandak Hydro Power Station is located at
Pratappur Gaun Palika ward no. -7, Nawalparasi.
Constructed in 1979, the powerhouse is a
part of the irrigation cum power generation
scheme on Gandak River. The plant has three
horizontal mounted tubular bulb turbines
(one being Standby unit); low head high
discharge Kaplan Turbogenerators of 5 MW
each with an aggregate capacity of 15 MW and
annual design generation of 106.38 GWh. The
cumulative generation of the plant till the end
of FY 2081/82 reached 1113.6 GWh from its
first run. The plant has generated 14.3 GWh of
energy this year which is 29% less compared to
the previous year. This value is 70% of target
generation this year and is 20% of designed
generation value.

16। Nepal Electricity Authority

In FY 2081/82, Gandak Hydropower Station
performed major maintenance to address
aging infrastructure. Units 2 and 3 were fully
overhauled, including repairs to seals, bearings,
and cooling systems. Electrical works covered
transformer oil filtration, PMG _ coupling
replacement, cable upgrades, and switchyard
servicing.

Runner repair works for Unit No.2
Modi Khola Hydropower Station

Modikhola Hydropower Station is located
at Dimuwa in Parbat district. It has installed
capacity of 14.8 MW with two vertical shaft
Francis Turbines, 7.4 MW each and annual
design generation of 92.5 GWh. The cumulative
generation of the plant till the end of FY 2081/82
reached 1438.3 GWh from its first run. The
plant has generated 75.3 GWh of energy this
year which is 4% less compared to the previous
year. This value is 97% of target generation this
year and is 83% of designed generation.

This fiscal year, the plant underwent key
upgrades, including Unit 2 turbine overhauling,
Unit1transformerlifting, rotor-statorinspection,
and 132 kV transformer maintenance. Electrical
works included new 11 kV lines and conductor
replacement.

Rotor installation works

Sunkoshi Hydropower Station

Sunkoshi Hydropower Station located 81
km east from Kathmandu, in Sindupalchowk
district is a run-of-river daily pondage power
station with an installed capacity of 10.05
MW and annual design generation of 70 GWh.
This station has 3 units of 3.35 MW each. The
cumulative generation of the plant till the end
of FY 2081/82 reached 3320.2 GWh from its
first run. The plant has generated 60.6 GWh of
energy this year which is 4% more compared to
the previous year. This value is 100% of target
generation this year and is 97% of designed
generation

This fiscal year, extensive upgrades were
completed to boost reliability and efficiency,
including soft coating of the Francis turbine and
guide vanes. Electrical enhancements included
slip rings, carbon brushes, hoists, a dry-type
excitation transformer (6.3/270, 160 kVA),
and an oil filtration system. Bypass gates were
added at the dam for improved flexibility.

Illam (Puwa Khola) Hydropower Station

llam (Puwakhola) hydropower station, run-
off river type plant, located at Golakharka,
llam having an installed capacity of 6.2 MW
and annual design generation of 48 GWh was
commissioned in 1999 AD. The cumulative
generation of the plant till the end of FY 2081/82
reached 798.4 GWh from its first run. The plant
has generated 34.6 GWh of energy this year
which is 2% more compared to the previous
year. This value is 100% of target generation
this year.

This fiscal year, repairs included penstock
rectification and stator coil refurbishment
with new cables and insulation. Additional
work involved repairing the Pelton runner
and bearings, maintaining the switchyard
and transformers, repairing access roads,
constructing a new store, building a coffer dam,
fixing the chute, and clearing bushes and debris
along the penstock and reservoir.

2 . ae
A te a, - 77

Penstock rectification works from Anchor Block
AB#03 to ABH5A

GENERATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 (2%)

Chatara Hydropower Station

Chatara Hydropower Station, a 3.2 MW canal
drop plant in Sunsari, was commissioned in
1996 with support from the Government of
India. It has a design generation of 6GWh
annually and now also manages the non-
operational Multi Fuel Power Plant. By FY
2081/82, its cumulative generation reached
70.8 GWh. This year, it generated 2.3 GWh—
32% more than the previous year, achieving 61%
of the target and 39% of the design generation.
Recent upgrades at the hydropower station
include the installation of a 50kVA DG set in the
powerhouse, replacement of the vane pump
set and accumulator in the governor OPU,
and modification of hydraulic pipelines for the
braking system and OPU.

Intake Canal of Chatara HPS
Panauti Hydropower Station

Panauti Hydropower Station, Nepal's third
oldest plant, is a run-of-river facility on the Roshi
Khola with a powerhouse in Khopasi, Kavre.
Commissioned in 1965 with Soviet and GoN
support, it has three 800 kW Francis turbines
(one standby) and a design generation of
6.97 GWh. It also serves irrigation and drinking
water needs. By FY 2081/82, cumulative
generation reached 150.6 GWh. This year, it
generated only 1GWh—63% less than last
year, meeting just 33% of the target and 15%
of design generation—due to severe flood
damage in Asoj.

Restoration Plan After 2081 Ashoj Flood

Severe floods and landslides on Ashoj 11-12,
2081, caused major damage to the powerhouse
and headworks, submerging equipment and
filling the forebay pond with debris. Control
panels were destroyed, and the plant remains
non-operational.

Immediate actions included drainage works,
gabion/revetment wall construction, and debris

Nepal Electricity Authority। 17

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

clearing. Key equipment are being inspected,
with many found operable.

The restoration plan includes:
e New control panel installation
e Landslide protection

७ Forebay and headworks cleaning

. 7 2 .
ae Pe ना 2 cee FE ky

Power house: Before and after the flood

Seti Hydropower Station

Seti Hydropower Station is a run-of-river plant
located at Nadipur, Pokhara, with an installed
capacity of 1.5 MW (3 units of 0.5 MW each)
and a design generation of 9.8 GWh. It was
commissioned in 1985 AD with support from
the Government of the People's Republic of
China and the Government of Nepal.

18। Nepal Electricity Authority

The cumulative generation of this plant till the
end of FY 2081/82 reached 394.2 GWh from its
first run. The plant has generated 11.3 GWh of
energy this year which is 4% less compared to
the previous year. This value is 95% of target
generation this year and is 115% of designed
generation.

This fiscal year, key upgrades included upgrading
1 km of the 11 kV transmission line with PVC-
covered conductor; installing digital excitation
systems on Units 2 and 3; and fitting hydraulic
butterfly main inlet valves on Units 1 and 3.
The old EOT crane was replaced, a new trash
rack with hoisting commissioned, Unit 3 fully
overhauled, and all six desander flushing gates
maintained—enhancing efficiency, safety, and
reliability.

[।
त

7

EOT crane installation works
Fewa Hydropower Station

Fewa Hydropower Station, a 1.0 MW canal
drop plant in Pokhara with four 0.25 MW
units, was commissioned in 1969 with India-
Nepal collaboration. Despite unit availability,
public encroachment of the power canal
affects operations. By FY 2081/82, cumulative
generation reached 104.9 GWh. This year, it
generated 1 GWh—13% less than last year,
achieving 51% of its target and 15% of design
generation.

This fiscal year, Unit 3 was fully overhauled to
restore performance. Civil repairs were done
on the headrace canal, control room, store
room, and powerhouse. To prevent erosion and
encroachment, concrete pillars were built along
1.5 km of the power canal's right bank.

Overhauling of unit no. 3
Sundarijal Hydropower Station

Sundarijal Hydropower Station, located 15 km
northeast of Kathmandu, serves both water
supply and power generation. Commissioned
in 1934 under the Colombo Plan, it has two
turbo-generators totaling 970 kW capacity and
is Nepal's second oldest hydropower plant. By
FY 2081/82, cumulative generation reached
160.2 GWh. This year, it generated 6.6 GWh—
6% above last year, achieving 105% of its target

=

OPU repair works

GENERATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 \

Pharping Hydropower Station

Pharping Hydropower Station is the first Power
Station built in Nepal, and it has held the legacy
of hydropower development in Nepal for more
than a century. It was inaugurated by the late
king Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah Dev on Monday, 22
May 1911 (B.S. 1968, 9th Jestha).

Proposed layout for Pharping Museum

It was constructed with a grant from British
Government at a cost of NRs. 0.713 million. It is
in Pharping of Kathmandu district, nearly 12 km
south of the city. There are two units each 250
kW with an aggregate installed capacity of 500
kW. As the water from the penstock has been
diverted to drinking water supply to Kathmandu
by KUKL, the plant is not being operated for
generation nowadays though it has been placed
in standby mode to operate occasionally and to
demonstrate to the visitors.

Thermal power plants

NEA owns two thermal power plants, both
largely inactive due to hydropower dominance.

Hetauda Diesel Power Plant (14.41 MW) in
Makawanpur was commissioned in phases
(1963 and 1980) with British and Nepali
support. Now managed by Kulekhanii III HPS, it
has mainly operated for testing in recent years
and has generated 155.53 GWh cumulatively.
Multifuel Power Plant in Bansbari, Morang
(39 MW), commissioned in 1990/91 and
expanded in 1997/98, uses six Wartsila diesel
engines fueled by furnace oil. It features two
Leroy Somer and four Alstom generators and is
overseen by Chatara HPS. A major overhaul was
completed in 2013, and the plant has generated
about 593 GWh since commissioning.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 19

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Hetauda Diesel Plant and Multifuel Power Plant

3. Generation
Department

Development and Support

This new department develops power projects
and supports plant operations. NEA partnered
with Kathmandu University last fiscal year on a
green hydrogen project to boost hydropower
use and industrial growth. KU submitted a
"Desk Study Report,' and work is ongoing.
This department ensures reliable operation of
power plants under the Generation Directorate
by providing technical assistance through
expert deployment and advisory support. It
also reviews inception, assessment, and final
reports for power plant rehabilitation and
modernization projects.

20। Nepal Electricity Authority

4. Electromechanical Workshop Construction
Project

NEA is developing a modern electromechanical
workshop under the Generation Directorate
to repair and maintain electromechanical
equipment for its powerhouses. Initially, it will
focus on turbine repairs, fabricating small-to-
medium parts, and producing hydro mechanical
components for NEA and IPPs. Long-term
plans include large component fabrication,
on-site overhauls, material testing, electrical
assessments, and workforce development.

Progress includes completing a feasibility study,
selecting the Aanboo Khaireni site, finalizing
building designs and costs, 316 starting
construction bidding. Technical specs for
machinery are being prepared, with retendering
planned after budget approval.

Design Plan of Electromechanical Workshop

5. Hydropower Automation Project

Several NEA-operated hydropower plants
are facing operational challenges due _ to
aging infrastructure and obsolete technology,
particularly the use of outdated relay logic
and manual gate control systems. Plants like
Kulekhani।, Kulekhani Il, Marsyangdi, and
Kaligandaki 'A' are experiencing frequent
tripping, maintenance difficulties, and delayed
emergency responses.

To modernize these systems, NEA launched the
Hydropower Plant Automation Project in FY
2079/80. The initiative focuses on upgrading
to PLC-based control systems, numerical relays,
and integrating SCADA and DCS technologies.
In FY 2080/81, the first phase began with the
contract award for upgrades at Kulekhani। and
Il. Installation work is now underway in the
current fiscal year, marking a key step toward
improving reliability and efficiency across NEA's
hydropower fleet.

leadership of a Deputy Managing Director,

is responsible for the development,
Operation, and maintenance of Nepal's high-
voltage transmission infrastructure ranging
from 66 kV to 400 kV. Its primary role is
to connect power generation sources to
distribution networks, ensuring a reliable and
efficient supply of electricity. This includes the
planning and construction of new transmission
lines and substations, as well as the upgrading
of existing infrastructure to meet the growing
energy demand.

The Directorate is structured into four
specialized departments: the High Voltage Grid
Development Department (HVGDD), Medium
Voltage Grid Development Department
(MVGDD), Power System Operation Department
(PSOD), and Grid Operation Department
(GOD). In addition, the Nepal-India Electricity
Transmission and Trade Project (NIETTP)
functions as a department-level project under
its leadership. The directorate is tasked with
reducing system outages, maintaining high-
quality power supply, and implementing
development plans aligned with national
energy strategies.

1: Transmission Directorate, under the

A critical function of the Directorate 5
operating the Integrated Nepal Power System
(INPS) in synchronous mode with the Indian
grid to enhance system stability and reliability.
It also facilitates cross-border electricity trade,
with the 400 kV Dhalkebar—Muzaffarpur
transmission line serving as a major milestone
in Nepal-India power exchange. Through these

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '@ ~ No}

TRANSMISSION
DIRECTORATE

efforts, the Directorate plays a key role in
strengthening regional energy cooperation and
ensuring long-term energy security for Nepal.

Recently Completed Projects

1. Chilime-Trishuli 220 kV Transmission Line
Project

The Chilime—Trishuli 220 kV Transmission Line
Project was launched to evacuate electricity
generated by several hydropower plants in the
Upper Trishuli Valley, including those developed
by Chilime Hydropower Company (like Upper
Sanjen, Lower Sanjen, Rasuwagadhi, and Sanjen
Khola) and other IPPs. Funded by KfW, EIB,
EU, and the Government of Nepal, a contract
was signed in late 2017 with China's PINGGAO
GROUP for constructing two substations
(Chilime Hub GIS and Trishuli 3B Hub) and the
associated transmission line, with a combined
cost exceeding USD 13 million and NPR 1.34
billion.

The project includes 28 km, 220 kV transmission
line—20 km double-circuit and 8 km _ four-
circuit—comprising 76 towers and using twin
Bison ACSR conductors. It connects the Chilime
Hub GIS Substation (Thambuchet, Rasuwa)
to Trishuli 3B Hub and features a 2x160 MVA
220/132 kV transformer setup and an additional
50 MVA transformer for further distribution. The
transmission line was energized on November
6, 2024, enabling the transmission of about 246
MW of electricity from the connected power
projects.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 21

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Chilime Hub GIS SS day view.

2. Koshi Corridor 220 kV Transmission Line
Project (Basantapur-Dhungesanghu 220 kV
Section)

The Koshi Corridor 220 kV Transmission Line
Project is designed to evacuate electricity
from hydropower projects in the Arun and
Tamor river basins across five districts in Koshi
Province, Nepal. It also aims to strengthen
eastern Nepal's transmission network. Funded
mainly by India's EXIM Bank under a USD 250
million Line of Credit (with USD 90 million
allocated to this project), the remainder is co-
funded by the Government of Nepal and NEA.
M/s WAPCOS Ltd. (India) serves as the project
consultant.

The project was executed in four packages.
Package KC1 involved constructing 107 km
220 kV double-circuit line from Tumlingtar
to Inaruwa via Baneshwar and Basantapur,
using twin and quad ACSR Moose conductors.
Kalpataru Projects International completed the
work despite COVID-19 and right-of-way delays,
and the line was energized in August 2022.
Package KC2 included building three 220 kV
AIS substations at Tumlingtar, Baneshwar,
and Basantapur, and expanding the Inaruwa
Substation. These were commissioned between
August 2022 and December 2023 under a
contract with Larsen & Toubro Ltd.

Package KC3 covered the 35km 220kV
line from Dhungesanghu (Taplejung) to
Basantapur and the 132/33 kV AIS Substation
at Dhungesanghu, which includes two banks
of 15MVA_ transformers (seven 5MVA
single-phase units). Towers were designed
for twin ACSR Moose conductors, with

22। Nepal Electricity Authority

single-circuit stringing (second circuit planned
in KC4). Awarded to KEC International Ltd. in
June 2018 for USD 21.410 million, this package
faced remote-access_ difficulties, severe
earthworks, and forest-clearance hurdles. By
April 2024, all 127 towers were erected and
the first circuit strung—evacuating 73 MW
from Sanima Middle Tamor HEP at 220 kV. The
Dhungesanghu_ substation, later completed
under KC4, was commissioned on July 6, 2025.

Package KC4 comprised second-circuit stringing
of the Basantapur—Dhungesanghu line and
construction of four new 220kV line bays
plus two tie bays at Basantapur Substation.
Awarded to Nepal Hydro & Electric Limited
in November 2022 (NPR 660.8 million), 931
design, supply, and installation works are
complete. The transmission line section was
commissioned on June 7, 2025; three bay
extensions at Basantapur on April 10, 2024,
and the remaining three on July 10, 2025.

KC-3: Transmission Line Stretch from Basantapur
to Dhugesangu Section

3. Dhalkebar-Loharpatii 132 kV TLP

The project aims to enhance the power supply
in the region by constructing 132 kV Double
Circuit Transmission Line from Dhalkebar to
Loharpatti and a 132/33/11 kV Substation
at Loharpatti. This infrastructure will enable
reliable power delivery to the Mahottari and
Dhanusha Districts, improving power quality.
Upon completion, residents and businesses will
experience a more stable and efficient power
supply, with reduced system losses, leading
to a more robust and sustainable electricity
distribution network.

The scope of the project includes the
construction of 20 km long 132 kV double circuit
transmission line with ACSR Cardinal Conductor
from the existing Dhalkebar substation to
Loharpatti with 132/33 kV, 2*30 MVA and
132/11 kV, 22.5 MVA substation at Loharpatti.
The estimated cost of the project is NPR 1125
million and is jointly funded by the GoN and
NEA. The project was started in February 2021
and completed in December 2024.

The line was energized and became fully
Operational on August 13, 2024, significantly
enhancing the region's power infrastructure.
Electricity is now efficiently distributed from

Loharpatti to three major substations—
Jaleshwar, Aurahi, and Paraul—via 33 kV
feeders. Additionally, three 11kV feeders

provide stable local supply to surrounding
communities, further boosting reliability and
supporting growing local energy demands.

Loharpatti Substation

4. Malekhu 132 kV Substation Expansion
Project

The Malekhu Switching Station Expansion
Project in Dhading District aims to improve the
reliability of the existing distribution network by
enhancing the capacity of the 132 kV Malekhu
switching station. The project plays a key role

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर a]

in stabilizing and strengthening power supply
in the region by reducing interruptions and
improving voltage levels.

The project includes the _ installation § of
2x30 MVA power transformers at Malekhu and
the expansion of 33 kV line bays at the existing
Jahare and Dhading Besi substations. With an
estimated cost of NPR 290 million, the project
is jointly financed by the Government of Nepal
and NEA. It was initiated in fiscal year 2078/079
and completed on July 12, 2025.

By mid-July 2025, both power transformers
were successfully charged—one on June 15
(now supplying the station transformer),
and the second on July 12 (currently in no-
load condition). The Malekhu-Dhading and
Salyantar 33 kV lines are in the testing phase
under the Distribution and Consumer Service
Directorate. While the system is operational,
some minor civil and electrical works remain to
be finalized by the contractor.

Malekhu Substation

5. 132 kV Transmission Line Upgradation
Project

The objective of this project is to improve
reliability, voltage profile, and quality of supply
and enhance the transmission line capacity
by upgrading the conductor of existing 132 kV
transmission lines i.e. New Butwal —Sunwal-
Butwal (Package A), Damauli Bharatpur (Package
B) and Kushaha-Inaruwa-Duhabi (Package C).

The scope of project in the Packages A and C
includes the replacement of 25 and 28 km
ACSR Bear conductors with their equivalent
High Temperature Low Sag (HTLS) conductors
respectively. Similarly, the scope of the project
in Package B includes the replacement of the

Nepal Electricity Authority। 23

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

43 km ACSR Wolf conductor with its equivalent
High-Temperature Low Sag (HTLS) conductor.
The estimated cost of the project is NPR 983.5
million and jointly funded by the GoN and NEA.
This project was initiated in FY 2080/081 and
completed on June 2025.

As of July 2025, all of the above conductor
upgradation works have been recently
completed and put into operation with higher
transmission loading.

I. Medium Voltage
Department

Grid Development

The Medium Voltage Grid Development
Department, led by a Director, oversees the

planning, construction, supervision, and

monitoring of new transmission line and

substation projects up to 132 kV.

Projects under Construction

1. Burtibang- Paudi Amrai- Tamghas-
Sandhikharka- Gorusinghe 132 &kV
Transmission Line Project

The project aims to strengthen power

infrastructure across the districts of Kapilvastu,
Arghakhanchi, Gulmi, and Baglung. By
extending transmission coverage into these
hilly regions, the project aims to improve power
supply reliability, reduce frequent outages
caused by long radial distribution lines, and
minimize technical losses. Additionally, it will
support the evacuation of power from multiple

proposed hydropower projects in the area.
With an estimated cost of NPR 4.76 billion, the
project is jointly funded by the Government of
Nepal (GoN) and the Nepal Electricity Authority
(NEA), and was initiated in fiscal year 2065/066
(2008/09). Its completion is scheduled for fiscal
year 2082/83 (2024/25).

The project scope includes the construction of
85.2 km of 132 kV double-circuit transmission
line using ACSR Bear conductor, along with
the establishment of five substations. These
substations—each with 132/33 kV, 30MVA
and 33/11 kV, 16 MVA capacity—are located
in Motipur  (Kapilvastu),। Sandhikharka
(Arghakhanchi), Tamghas and Paudi-Amarai
(Gulmi), and Burtibang (Baglung).

Major milestones have already been achieved:
the Motipur substation was energized on
2078/08/09, followed by the Motipur—
Sandhikharka transmission line on 2078/12/11,
andthe Sandhikharkasubstationon 2078/12/12.
Similarly, the Tamghas substation was charged
on 2078/03/05, and the Sandhikharka—Tamghas
line on 2081/03/03.Further progress includes
the energization of the Burtibang substation
from the LV side on 2081/09/21, and the Paudi-
Amarai substation on 2082/01/11, also from
the LV side.

Currently, construction of the 32.8 km (65.6
circuit km) transmission line of the Paudi-Amarai
Burtibang section is going on. All 134 towers
have already been erected. Only the stringing
works are left, as the forest entry permission is
still pending for the RoW clearance.

Tho

Tamghas 132/33/11 kV Substation

24। Nepal Electricity Authority

2. Kushaha (Inaruwa) - Biratnagar 132 kV
Transmission Line Project

The Biratnagar Transmission Line and Substation
Project is designed to improve power reliability
in Morang and Sunsari districts by reducing
overload at the Duhabi, Rani, and Tankisinwari
substations. It includes the construction of a
22.5 km, 132 kV double-circuit transmission
line from the Bhokraha Substation to a new
substation in Biratnagar, equipped with 2x63
MVA and 1x16 MVA transformers. As of July
2025, 80 towers have been erected and 22.2
km of stringing completed, with minor work
pending due to forest clearance.

Substation work is progressing steadily—staff
quarters are complete, Rani and Tankisinwari
foundations are mostly done, and_ the
Biratnagar switchyard and control building are
nearing completion. Key equipment has been
delivered and about 25% of erection work is
done. The USD 19 million project is targeted for
completion by fiscal year 2082/83, aiming to
support growing power demand and enhance
distribution reliability in the region.

3. Balefi-Barhabise Corridor 132 kV

Transmission Line Project

This project is intended to evacuate electricity
generated by Independent Power Producers
(IPPs) in the region. It includes constructing a
20 km double-circuit transmission line from
Pangtan to Bahrabise using ACSR Cardinal
conductor. Funded by the Government of Nepal
with an estimated cost of NPR 546.69 million,
the project is contracted to M/S Sigma Con. Pvt.
Ltd. and is scheduled for completion by fiscal
year 2082/83.

As of July 2025, key preparatory activities—
including surveys, engineering, soil testing, and
tower designs—are complete. Out of 63 towers,
59 foundations are done and 43 towers have
been erected. Materials are largely delivered,
and 3 circuit kilometers have been strung.
However, due to adjustments in tree removal
within the Right of Way, a Revised Initial
Environmental Examination (RIEE) was required
and has now been approved. Final clearance is
pending before suspended stringing work can
fully resume.

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है No}

4. Kohalpur-Surkhet- Dailekh 132 kV

Transmission Line Project

This aims to improve the reliability of power
supply in Surkhet, Dailekh, and Jajarkot districts,
which currently suffer from low voltage and
frequent outages due to overextended 33 kV
and 11kV lines. The project also supports
future demand growth and facilitates power
evacuation from regional hydropower plants. It
involves building a 52 km 132 kV double-circuit
line from Kohalpur to Surkhet, and 32 km line
from Surkhet to Dailekh, with substation bay
extensions at Kohalpur and Surkhet and a new
132/33/11 kV substation in Dailekh.

By July 2025, significant progress had been
made: 156 of 162 tower foundations and 150
towers have been completed on the Kohalpur—
Surkhet line, with 40 km of stringing finished.
Land acquisition and tree clearance are largely
done, though RoW issues remain in some
areas. For the Surkhet—Dailekh section, 44
of 101 foundations are complete and most
materials have been delivered. Substation work
is also advancing—Kohalpur bay extensions are
nearly ready for commissioning, and at Dailekh,
major civil structures are complete, equipment
approvals secured, and switchyard foundation
work is set to begin.

5. Dhalkebar — Balganga 132 kV Transmission
Line Project

This project is being developed to improve
voltage levels and ensure a reliable power
supply in Dhanusha district. With an estimated
cost of NPR 2,136 million, it is jointly funded
by the Government of Nepal and NEA. The
project includes a 24 km, 132 kV double-circuit
transmission line using ACSR Cardinal conductor
and a 132/33 kV, 2x63 MVA substation at
Balganga in Hansapur Municipality. Once
complete, it will supply power to six 33/11 kV
substations in the region, supporting both
residential and commercial needs.

As of July 2025, 75 out of 77 tower foundations
have been completed and 73 towers erected.
All line materials have been delivered. At the
substation site, foundation works for gantries
and transformers are ongoing, and the ground
floor slabs of the control room and staff quarters
are complete. Brickwork and structural progress
continue, and most substation equipment is
under production, with some already delivered.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 25

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

The project is on track for completion by fiscal
year 2082/83 (2026/27 AD).

6. Kaligandaki-Ridi 132 kV Transmission Line
Project

The project is designed to enhance electricity
supply reliability in Palpa and Gulmi districts
and provide power to the upcoming CG Cement
facility. Initiated in fiscal year 2075/76 (2018/19)
with an estimated cost of NPR 1,450 million, it is
jointly funded by the Government of Nepal and
NEA. The project includes a 22.45 km 132 kV
double-circuit transmission line using ACSR
BEAR conductor, a 132/33/11 kV substation at
Kuseni, Palpa, and a 132 kV GIS bay extension
at Kaligandaki 'A' Hydroelectric Plant.

As of July 2025, 63 out of 70 tower foundations
have been completed, 55 towers erected, and
2.88 km of stringing finished. All major line
materials are on-site. At the Ridi Substation,
major civil structures and equipment supply are
nearly complete, and Substation Automation
System (SAS) components have been factory
tested and dispatched. At Kaligandaki HEP, the
GIS bay extension is progressing, with XLPE cable
laying completed and control cabling underway.
The entire system—including transmission
line, substation, and GIS bay—is targeted for
commissioning by fiscal year 2082/83 (2026/27
AD).

7. Bhumahi — Hakui 132 kV Transmission Line
Project

The project aims to support rising industrial
power demand in Nawalparasi (Susta Paschim)
by enhancing transmission capacity, reliability,
and voltage stability. The project involves
constructing a 14.36 km, 132 kV double-circuit
transmission line from Sunwal Substation to
a new Hakui Substation, which will feature
2x100 MVA transformers, seven 33 kV feeders,
and capacitor banks to improve network
performance.

As of July 2025, major substation structures—
including the control building, switchyard,
transformer foundations, and guard house—
are complete, and both transformers have
been installed. Work continues on the 33
kV switchyard and cable trenches. For the
transmission line, foundations for 14 of 47
towers are finished, with cadastral surveys
and land acquisition underway. Forest land use

26। Nepal Electricity Authority

approval has been granted, and tree-cutting
permission is being processed.

Hakui Substation

8. Amarpur-Dhungesaghu 132kV Transmission
Line Project

The Amarpur Dhungesaghu 132 kV Transmission
Line Project is 5 significant infrastructure
initiative jointly funded by the GoN and
the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA). This
transmission line is crucial for diverting load
from the Kabeli Corridor, which is anticipated
to be overloaded soon, to the Koshi Corridor,
thereby enhancing the reliability and stability
of the power system. This project shall be a link
for the evacuation of power effectively from
the growing number of IPPs in the Kabeli River
Basin.

The project aims to construct a 19.13 km
long double circuit transmission line, which
will interconnect the existing 132 kV Kabeli
Corridor and the under-construction 220 kV
Koshi Corridor. The project was initiated in FY
2018/19 and is expected to be completed by
the end of FY 2025/26. The estimated cost of
the project is NPR 1,042 million and is jointly
funded by the GoN and NEA.

The contract agreement forthe transmission line
works is signed with Cosmic Electrical Limited
on 2022 October. As of July 2025, out of 67
Tower locations, 35 tower pad foundations and
2 erections have been completed. Additionally,
the contract for construction of two bays each
at Amarpur and Dhungesanghu Substation and
33/11 kV Substation at Dhungesanghu is signed
with A.R.T Construction on 2025 March.

लामा

Bay Civil Works at Amarpur S/S

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

9. New Khimti-Lamosanghu-Kathamandu
Transmission Line Up-gradation Project

-_ The objective of this project is to increase the

existing power supply system of Kathmandu
Valley by upgrading the conductor of existing
132 kV transmission lines from New Khimti to
Bhaktapur via Lamosanghu 132 kV substation.
It also helps to supply quality, reliable, and
uninterrupted power supply in Kathmandu
Valley.

The scope of the project in the first phase is to
upgrade existing 220/132 kV, 100 MVA Power
Transformer to 200 MVA Auto Transformer at
New Khimti Substation. The estimated cost
of the project is NPR 660 million and is jointly
funded by the GON and NEA. This project was
initiated in FY 2080/081 and is expected to
be completed by the end of year 2027. In the
second phase, the replaced 100 MVA Power
Transformer and associated work will be done
in the unoccupied land of the same substation
in future.

As of July 2025, Contract Aggreement has been
completed and design drawing review in is in
progress. Similarly, the draft report with cost
estimate and bidding document for the second
phase is in final stage via consultant.

10. Surkhet Substation Project

This project aims to enhance power supply
reliability and capacity in Surkhet and Karnali
Province. With an estimated cost of NPR
750 million, the project is jointly funded
by the Government of Nepal and NEA. It
involves constructing a substation with 2x30
MVA (132/33 kV) and 1x24 MVA (33/11 kV)
transformers, along with the installation of
four 33 kV and four 11 kV feeders to improve
electricity distribution. The contract was
awarded to Nepal Hydro & Electric Limited,
with work starting in fiscal year 2079/80 and
scheduled for completion by September 2025.

By July 2025, all major electrical installations
have been completed, with only testing,
commissioning, firefighting systems,
communication setups, and some civil works
like road construction remaining. The project is
near completion and expected to significantly
strengthen the regional power infrastructure.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 27

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A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

11. Thankot — Chapagaon — Bhaktapur 132 kV
Transmission Line Project

The project aims to complete the 132 kV ring
main network within the Kathmandu Valley,
aiming to enhance transmission capacity,
improve power quality and reliability, and
reduce line losses in the region. The estimated
project cost is USD 23 million and is funded
from the GON and NEA.

So far, approximately 6 km of transmission line
in Kathmandu district and 4 km in Bhaktapur
district have been completed. However, the
construction of the remaining 18 km in Lalitpur
district has been halted due to local protests,
with demands for either full Right of Way (RoW)
compensation or the complete relocation of
the transmission line. As a result, the previous
construction contract was terminated. NEA is
engaging in dialogue with local stakeholders
and authorities in an effort to resume and
complete the remaining work, although no
tangible progress has been made yet.

In preparation for charging the Chovar
Substation via the Matatirtha—Chovar line

section, two 132 kV line bay foundations
have been completed. All necessary line bay
equipment was delivered by the end of Ashad,
and the Matatirtha—Chovar section is expected
to be energized within the next three months.

132 kV bay foundation at Matatirtha

28। Nepal Electricity Authority

12. Prasauni Birgunj 132 kV Underground
Electricity Transmission Line Project

The Prasauni—Birgunj 132 kV Underground
Transmission Line Project was launched by
NEA to meet the rising electricity demand
driven by rapid industrial growth in the Birgunj
area. The project features a new 132/33 kV
AIS substation at Prasauni with a Loop-in-
Loop-Out (LILO) connection to the existing
Parwanipur—Raxaul line, a 145 kV XLPE copper
underground cable linking Prasauni and Birgunj,
and a new 132/66 kV GIS substation at Birgunj
interconnected with the existing substation
to boost system reliability. The contract was
awarded to M/s COVEC-CREGC-KALIKA JV for
design and construction.

By July 2025, major works are well advanced:
Prasauni substation equipment installation and
switchyard erection are complete with ongoing
testing; buildings and civil infrastructure are
finished or in progress. The underground
transmission line has been fully laid with
trenching, pipe laying, cable installation, and
restoration completed. At Birgunj, the GIS
building and key equipment are installed, with
testing and civil works underway. The project is
on track for completion by fiscal year 2082/83
(2025/26) and will significantly strengthen
power supply capacity and reliability in the
industrial corridor.

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Prasauni Substation

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13. Lalbandi-Salimpur 132 kV Transmission
Line Project

This project aims to enhance electricity supply
reliability by linking northern Terai high-voltage
corridors to southern areas. The project includes
constructing a 20 km double-circuit 132 kV

Na
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TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

transmission line using ACSR Bear conductor
from Nawalpur to a new Chainpura substation.
The substation will have 2x30 MVA (132/33 kV)
and 1x24 MVA (33/11 kV) transformers and
supply power to nearby 33/11 kV substations
such as Dumariya, Malangwa, Barathawa,
and Haripurwa. The project is funded by the
Government of Nepal with an estimated cost of
NPR 1,258.71 million.

As of July 2025, most civil works for the
substation buildings and equipment structures
are nearly complete, with only finishing tasks
remaining. Key components like transformers,
disconnecting switches, conductors, and
circuit breakers have been delivered. For the
transmission line, 62 of 66 tower foundations
are finished, and 45 towers erected. Land
acquisition and compensation processes are
mostly complete. The project is progressing well
and is expected to be finished by May 2026.

14. Kushma - Lower Modi — New Modi 132 kV
Transmission Line Project

The Kusma—New Modi 132 kV Transmission
Line Project in Parbat District aims to improve

power evacuation and grid reliability within
the Kaligandaki Corridor by upgrading from a
temporary single-circuit setup to a full double-
circuit ring network. This upgrade addresses
power flow bottlenecks affecting hydropower
projects in Parbat and Myagdi districts. The
project scope includes stringing 6.2 km second
circuit on the existing Kusma-Lower Modi
line, constructing new 8.6 km double-circuit
transmission line, and expanding two 132 kV
bays at New Modi Substation.

Awarded to M/s Cosmic Electrical Limited in
November 2023 with a contract value of NPR
349.2 million, the project started in late 2023
and has a 21-month timeline. By July 2025,
surveys, soil investigations, and three tower
foundations are complete, and the two bay
expansions and second-circuit stringing on
the existing line have been finished. Most
equipment is supplied, land acquisition was
finalized in April 2025, and tree surveys are
done, though a revised environmental review
may be needed. Construction of the remaining
8.5 km transmission line is still pending.

New Modi 132 kV Substation (with two Bay expansion & Foundation work)

15. Nepalgunj-Nanpara Cross-Border 132 kV
Transmission Line Project

This project aims to enhance power exchange
between Nepal and India by replacing the
existing inefficient 33 kV feeder with a new

132 kV double-circuit line—32 km on the Indian
side and 17 km on the Nepali side—connecting
to the New Nepalgunj 132/33/11 kV substation.
This upgrade will improve electricity reliability,
reduce technical losses, and support growing
industrial, domestic, and irrigation demands

Nepal Electricity Authority। 29

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

in Nepalgunj and nearby areas like Kohalpur
and Gulariya. The project began in fiscal year
2079/80, with the Nepali portion contracted to
M/s Mudbhary & Joshi Construction Pvt. Ltd. in
February 2024.

By July 2025, essential preparatory works
including surveys, tower spotting, and design
approvals have been completed. Major
equipment like conductors and bay extension
components are already delivered to the site,
setting the stage for construction. The project
is on track for completion by May 2026 and is
expected to significantly boost cross-border
energy cooperation, grid stability, and regional
economic growth.

16. Godak-Soyak 132 kV Transmission Line
Project

The project is conceptualized to make the LILO
arrangement in the second circuit of the Damak-
Phidim transmission line and to connect with
the existing Godak Substation. The purpose of
the project is to improve the grid stability. The
project cost is estimated to be NPR 553.4 million
and is jointly funded by the GoN and NEA.

The scope of the project includes the
construction of a 6.61 km long double circuit
132 kV transmission line with an ACSR Bear
conductor. A contract agreement has been
signed with Vector Triple S. JV on 2023
October. As of July 2025, out of total 26 towers,
foundation works of 14 tower pads have been
completed so far. The erection work has not
started yet. The preliminary report for Land
Acquisiton has been submitted to the District
Administration Office.

17. Bafikot-Khungri 132 kV Transmission Line
Project

The project aims to strengthen power
supply and facilitate power evacuation from
Independent Power Producers (IPPs) in Rolpa
and Rukum (east and west) districts, while
integrating these areas into the Interconnected
Nepal Power System (INPS). It involves
constructing a 75 km long, 132 kV double-circuit
transmission line from Khungri Substation
(Rolpa) to Uttarganga Substation Hub, Bafikot
(Rukum), along with a 132/33/11 kV, 16/20
MVA substation at Ghartigaun, Rolpa, serving
multiple municipalities and villages across
Rolpa and Rukum west.

30। Nepal Electricity Authority

Contracted to SIGMA CON.-KRRTPPL JV, the
project began in fiscal year 2076/77 with an
estimated cost of USD 35 million. Currently,
the check survey and soil investigations are
underway, and pre-design activities are in
progress. The project is planned for completion
by fiscal year 2084/85, aiming to significantly
improve power reliability and connectivity in
the region.

ll. High Voltage Grid

Department

Development

This department is headed by a Director and
is responsible for planning, constructing,
supervising, and monitoring new transmission
line and substation projects of 220 kV and
above voltage level.

A summary of the under construction projects
being executed by this department is presented
below:

Projects under Construction

1. Lekhnath-Damauli 220 kV Transmission

Line Project

The project aims to enhance power evacuation
capacity in Nepal's Gandaki region by
constructing a 45 km, 220 kV double-circuit
transmission line using MOOSE ACSR conductor,
connecting Lekhnath Substation (Pokhara) to a
new Damauli Substation (Byas). It also includes
building two high-voltage GIS substations: an
upgraded 220/132 kV substation at Lekhnath
and a new 220/132 kV, 132/33 kV, and 33/11 kV
substation at Damauli. The project incorporates
Loop-in-Loop-out (LILO) connections to
integrate existing hydropower and transmission
lines, thereby strengthening grid connectivity.
The total estimated cost is USD 90 million,
jointly funded by the Government of Nepal
and KfW, with a completion target in fiscal year
2084/85.

By July 2025, significant progress has been
made on enabling works including access
roads, a river bridge, and substation buildings.
The transmission line package led by KEC
International Ltd. has completed most design
and engineering, with soil investigations
and surveys underway and major materials
delivered. Land acquisition and forest clearance
processes are ongoing. The substation package,

contracted to Siemens Limited, began surveys
and has a 24-month timeline. Overall, the
project is on track to greatly improve power
transmission and evacuation in the Gandaki
region.

2. Tumlingtar-Sitalpati 220 kV Transmission
Line Project

The Tumlingtar-Sitalpati 220 kV Transmission
Line Project aims to extend Nepal's Integrated
National Power System 9 connecting
Tumlingtar Substation to the new Sitalpati
Substation. Sitalpati will serve as a key hub to
evacuate power from hydropower projects in
the Arun River basin and collect electricity from
local Independent Power Producers (IPPs),
forwarding it through Tumlingtar to the Koshi
Corridor network. The project, fully funded by
the Government of Nepal with an estimated

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर Ny

cost of NPR 4,482 million, began in August 2022
and is planned for completion by April 2026.

The project includes constructing about 14
km of 220 kV double-circuit transmission line,
a 220/132/33/11 kV AIS-GIS hybrid substation
at Sitalpati, and two 220 kV line bay extensions
at Tumlingtar. Contracted to Kalpataru Projects
International Limited (India), as of mid-2025,
32 of 39 towers have been erected with
foundations complete, but further tower work
and conductor stringing are delayed due to
pending forest clearances. Substation civil works
are progressing, with key buildings constructed
and much equipment foundation work finished.
With materials largely on-site and engineering
nearing completion, the project is moving
steadily toward its scheduled completion,
pending resolution of environmental approvals.

Tower AP11/0 to AP17/0
220 kV

3. Trishuli 3B — Ratmate - Galchhi
Transmission Line Project

3B-Ratmate-Galchhi 220
kV Transmission Line Project is designed
to strengthen electricity transmission to
Kathmandu Valley by establishing two key
line segments: an 8.5 km four-circuit Galchhi-
Ratmate line and a 24 km double-circuit Trishuli
3B-Ratmate line, both using Twin MOOSE
ACSR conductors. The Galchhi-Ratmate line
will provide a Loop-in-Loop-out connection
to the existing Marsyangdi-Kathmandu 220
kV line, enhancing redundancy and supply
reliability to Kathmandu. Meanwhile, the

The Trishuli

Trishuli 3B—Ratmate line will evacuate power
from the Trishuli corridor into the central
grid. Both segments include bay extensions
at key substations to integrate the new lines,
collectively creating a more robust transmission
corridor from hydropower zones to major load
centers.

The Galchhi-Ratmate section contract was
awarded in May 2024 to M/s SIGMA CON.-
KRRTPPL JV for USD 9.23 million, with Chilime
Engineering and Services Ltd. supervising
construction. By July 2025, preparatory work
like check surveys, tower scheduling, and design
approvals are near completion. For the Trishuli

Nepal Electricity Authority। 31

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

3B—Ratmate section, survey licensing is done,
and the transmission license application has
been submitted, with the Initial Environmental
Examination currently being updated to meet
regulatory requirements before construction
proceeds.

Ill. Nepal-India Electricity Transmission and
Trade Project (NIETTP)

Nepal-India The Nepal-India — Electricity
Transmission and Trade Project (NIETTP),
funded by the World Bank, was launched
to establish a high-voltage cross-border
transmission capacity of about 2,000 MW,
facilitating power exchange with India and
improving Nepal's electricity supply reliability.
Under NIETTP's additional funding, construction
of the Hetauda-Bharatpur-Bardaghat 220 kV
transmission lines and 132 kV substations at
Hetauda, Bharatpur, and Bardaghat has been
successfully completed.

The project also supported the preparation
of Nepal's Transmission System Master Plan,
which is currently being implemented by the
Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA). All substations
built under this initiative use Air Insulated
Switchgear (AIS) with double main and transfer
bus bar schemes for 220 kV and double main
bus bar schemes for 132 kV, ensuring robust
and reliable power system operations.

Projects under Construction

1. Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Inaruwa 400 kV
Transmission Line Project
The Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Inaruwa 400 kV

Transmission Line Project aims to establish a
high-capacity cross-border power transmission
link of about 2,000 MW with India, enhancing
Nepal's power supply reliability and evacuation
capability. Funded by the World Bank (initially),
Government of Nepal (GoN), and Nepal
Electricity Authority (NEA), the project began
in 2012 and is expected to be completed by
December 2025. It includes construction of
approximately 288 km of 400 kV double-circuit
transmission lines, and three major substations
at Hetauda, Dhalkebar, and Inaruwa with
advanced Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS) systems
and IEC 61850-based automation for efficient
control and protection.

32। Nepal Electricity Authority

As of July 2025, 773 out of 792 tower foundations
are complete, with 770 towers erected and over
534 circuit kilometers of conductor stringing
done. The Dhalkebar-Inaruwa section is fully
charged since June 2024, marking NEA's first 400
kV line with a 4,000 MW capacity. Despite some
delays due to forest clearance, land disputes,
and contractor issues in substation works,
significant progress includes commissioning of
220/132 kV substations at Dhalkebar (950 MVA),
Hetauda (330 MVA), and Inaruwa (446 MVA) at
220 kV voltage level. Remaining civil works at
substations are targeted for completion by late
2025, further strengthening Nepal's national
grid and cross-border power exchange.

400 kV Tower at Koshi River

IV. Power System Operation Department
(PSOD)

The Power System Operation Department
(PSOD), also known as the Load Dispatch
Centre (LDC), operates under the Transmission
Directorate of Nepal Electricity Authority. It
is the central body responsible for the real-
time operation and control of the Integrated
Nepalese Power System (INPS), ensuring
continuous, reliable, and high-quality power
supply across the country. PSOD oversees the
balanced operation of all generation sources—
NEA-owned, subsidiaries, IPPs, and solar—
based on system needs, standard procedures,
and agreements.

In addition to system operation, PSOD manages
domestic energy scheduling and cross-border
power exchanges, playing a key role in Nepal's
electricity import-export activities. It also
ensures effective communication between
grid users and with the National Load Dispatch
Centre (NLDC) of India for facilitating cross-
border power trading.

The main functions of PSOD:

e LDC constantly monitors, supervises
and controls the national grid and cross-
border transmission lines to ensure a
continuous and quality power supply to
its consumers via robust Optical Ground
Wire (OPGW) communication network
across the country

e LDC 15 responsible for real-time
operations related to grid supervision
and the dispatch of electricity within
Nepal and to India through cross-border
links, ensuring secure and economic
operation of the national grid as per the
prevailing Grid Code and standards.

e It plans, schedules, coordinates, and
executes the shutdown of grid elements
and generators as required.

e It plans, schedules and executes the
import and export of power between
the neighboring countries under
various modalities such as Government-
to-Government, Power Exchange
Corporation (PEC) mechanism, Power
Exchange Markets, NEA to Haryana,
NEA to Bangladesh, free power from
Tanakpur, etc. It is responsible for
bidding in the power exchange market
of India via Day Ahead Market (DAM)
and Real Time Market (RTM) platforms
by optimally forecasting surplus and
deficit.

e LDC restores the normal functioning
of the power system as quickly as

Annual System Peak Demand

1

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 eS है No}

possible after the occurrence of faults
or unforeseen events and incidents.

e It devises emergency network plans in
case of disasters and natural calamities.

e It advises necessary actions for better
system protection coordination and
system improvements.

To ensure effective and reliable supervision
of Nepal's power system, the Load Dispatch
Center (LDC) uses the Siemens Spectrum Power
7 SCADA/EMS system. This advanced system
allows real-time monitoring and remote control
of substations and power plants nationwide,
enabling centralized management of key
grid parameters like voltage, frequency, and
power flow. Its SCADA features include remote
equipment operation, alarm management,
historical data logging, and a_ user-friendly
interface for graphical system visualization and
quick decision-making.

NEA has set up an Emergency Control Center
(ECC) in Hetauda as a backup to the Load
Dispatch Center (LDC) in Kathmandu, ensuring
power system continuity during emergencies.
A successful full-day operational drill was
conducted on August 8, 2025, with ECC taking
primary control. Such drills will continue
periodically. Additionally, LDC is connected
to India's National LDC via an ICCP link and
hotline, enabling real-time data exchange and
coordination for cross-border power operations
with India and Bangladesh.

The major highlights of this fiscal year are
presented below:

2901 MW 2082-03-17

—

8। Per Capita Electricity Consumption 465 kWh।।

*Provisional figures based on PSOD data

Nepal Electricity Authority। 33

A YEAR IN REVIEW

FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

The key accomplishments of PSOD in this Fiscal
Year

34

Cross Border Electricity Trade

Nepal engages in power trade with India
through bilateral contracts and by actively
participating in the Indian Energy Exchange
(IEX) markets—Day-Ahead Market (DAM)
and Real-Time Market (RTM)—with NVVN
as the nodal agency. Power is also imported
via the PEC mechanism. In 9 significant
development, Nepal began exporting 40
MW of electricity to Bangladesh around
the clock from June 15, 2025. The Energy
Management Division, in coordination with
system operators, strategically bids daily
on IEX to optimize power purchases and
sales based on demand, plant availability,
and market prices, including using cheaper
off-peak power to fill reservoirs. As of FY
81/82, approximately 2380 MU (million
units) of energy have been exported to
India, generating substantial revenue and
positioning Nepal as a net energy exporter.

Frequency and voltage control:

Frequency and voltage are key indicators
of power quality, and during this fiscal
year, Nepal's power system frequency was
well-maintained around 50 Hz. Voltage
levels at most substations remained within
permissible limits—+10% up to 132 kV and
+5% for 220 kV and above—as per Nepal
Electricity Grid Code. However, during
summer, substations in parts of the Central
Terai, Mid-Western, and Eastern regions
experienced occasional undervoltage. While
capacitor banks and reactors installed by
the Grid Operation Department helped
mitigate the issue, they proved insufficient
at times. With growing generation in
northern corridors, the need for additional
and upgraded voltage control equipment,
particularly reactors, has become more
critical.

Dispatching and scheduling:

Effective short-term demand forecasting,
daily energy scheduling, and efficient। Nepal Electricity Authority

generation dispatch have enabled the Load
Dispatch Center (LDC) to balance supply
and demand within the Integrated Nepalese
Power System (INPS), ensuring economic
power dispatch while maintaining system
voltage and frequency within standard
limits. Strategic use of the Kulekhani
reservoir allowed for optimal generation
without compromising current water levels.
Additionally, the generation from NEA's
ROR, PROR plants, and Independent Power
Producers (IPPs) was efficiently utilized,
contributing to the disciplined and reliable
operation of the power system throughout
the fiscal year.

Shutdown coordination:

As the central authority for coordinating
shutdown events, the Load Dispatch Center
(LDC) managed all planned, scheduled,
emergency, and breakdown-related
shutdowns during the fiscal year. Major
shutdowns of power plants and transmission
lines were carried out smoothly in close
coordination with various grid divisions,
ensuring system stability. Both routine
maintenance and emergency shutdowns
were handled efficiently, including those
of NEA's and IPPs' generation units. The
skillful handling of the power system by
the operators during the shutdown period
has made it possible to supply power with
minimum interruption.

System restoration and operation under
adverse conditions:

The vigilant monitoring of the system
and the prompt decision of the system
operator during abnormal situations and
fault conditions have helped significantly in
controlling the tripping in this fiscal year. The
number of partial system tripping events in
this fiscal year is 71 with the total partial
system interruption duration of 8 hours
and 11 minutes. The partial system tripping
in most cases was caused mainly due to
transmission line constraints prevailing in
many parts of the country at present without
sufficient contingency arrangement in the

system. However, the system restoration
time after each tripping event has been
drastically minimized with the proficient
actions taken by the system operators. This
has also indicated that the Nepalese power
system is now evolving towards the next
level of intricacy with the rapidly increased
generation, continuous load growth and
addition of more elements, thereby,
triggering the necessity of the automation
and digital surveillance for instant action
and prevention of undesirable events and
interruptions.

SCADA and communication facilities:

NEA utilizes its nationwide Optical Ground
Wire (OPGW) network for reliable data and
voice communication between substations,
power plants, and the Load Dispatch Center
(LDC), enabling efficient system operation
and VolP-based hotline connectivity. This
fiber infrastructure not only supports internal
operations but also generates revenue
through leasing to telecom companies and
ISPs. In FY 2081/082, 23 IPPs and 12 NEA
substations were integrated into the SCADA
system as per the "SCADA Integration
Directives, 2081." Additionally, LDC aims to
build technical capacity to offer consultancy
services in SCADA and communication
systems, expanding NEA's capabilities and
service portfolio.

Status of Supply and Demand:

In this fiscal year, the commissioning of
22 new IPP generators added 434.125
MW to the Integrated Nepalese Power
System (INPS), including major plants like
Rasuwagadhi, Lower Sanjen, and Sanjen
Khola. This increase in generation capacity
helped meet rising demand, reduced power
imports, and enabled significant energy
exports during the wet season. National
energy and peak demand grew by 11.13%
and 8.92% respectively, while energy imports
decreased by 8.23%. Imported energy made
up only 12.13% of total demand—17.42%
less than the previous year—making Nepal a
net energy exporter once again.

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es ~ No}

The contribution of different generations
to meet the total annual energy demand of
the INPS for the fiscal year 2081/82 is given
below.

Energy Contribution Scenario 2081/82

[हाहा AEA Store
q Th

Energy contribution scenario (2081/82)

Ill. Challenges

e The rapid augmentation of the generation

and load in the system has added many
challenges in the system operation with
its existing transmission arrangements
that are inadequate to evacuate power to
load centers. Even if the transmission line
expansion is going on at the rapid scale, it
is lagging behind in pace. Depending on
the season, temperature and precipitation
patterns, system scenarios are most likely to
vary, thereby affecting various transmission
lines, power transformers and their loadings
at different times. Matatirtha-Hetauda 132
kV, Marsyangdi-New Bharatpur 132 KV,
Duhabi-Damak 132 kV, Dhalkebar-Nawalpur-
Chapur 132kV, Bhaktapur-Lamosanghu
132kV and many more lines have to be
operated almost in their full capacity
continuously during certain periods which
have caused the frequent overloading issues
and subsequently became the reasons for
the partial power interruption at times. In
addition to those challenges, transformer
Capacity constriants at  New-Khimti
Substation, Hetauda Substation, Syuchatar
Substation, Balaju Substation, Parwanipur
Substation, New-Butwal Substation etc. are
also posing serious restrictions in the power
system operation. With the lack of proper

Nepal Electricity Authority। 35

A YEAR IN REVIEW

36

FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

and adequate n-1 contingency arrangements
in the system, the power system operation
department is constantly facing numerous
challenges on a regular basis and this needs
to be addressed timely to ensure the quality
and reliability of supply to the consumers.

Automation is now deemed very essential
for the power system operation as the
network complexity is ever increasing and
the manual interventions during the adverse
events may not be prompt enough to tackle
the varied situations during operation.

The western region of Nepal continues to
face challenges in ensuring smooth power
supply due 10 insufficient generation
Capacity relative to growing demand.
Although some new generators were added
this fiscal year, they remain inadequate
to meet the region's needs. Transmission
constraints prevent surplus power from
the eastern region from being efficiently
transferred westward, leading to occasional
voltage issues and supply difficulties in the
west. Rapid generation and transmission
upgrades are urgently needed to address
these challenges.

Power evacuation ofthe newly commissioned
IPPs due to various constraints prevailing in
the power system network is also one of the
biggest challenges faced by LDC.

The frequent unplanned abrupt emergency
and forced outages of power plants during
the rainy season and the frequent tripping
of transmission lines has created difficulty in
the smooth operation of the system, thereby
influencing the export-import schedules
intermittently as well as providing seamless
power supply to its consumers.

The undeclared fluctuations in the load
consumption pattern of the large and
bulk power consumers have imposed a
major challenge to the system operators
to maintain the export-import schedules
as well as transmission line loadings and। Nepal Electricity Authority

hence burdened NEA with penalty under the
Deviation Settlement Mechanism (DSM).

e Data and voice communication from many
IPPs and large and key consumers are still
not in place causing huge impact on the
system operation.

e With the rapid expansion of the power
system—including new generators, load
centers, and cross-border connections—the
current workforce and infrastructure at the
Load Dispatch Center (LDC) are becoming
insufficient. To effectively manage these
growing responsibilities and ensure reliable
system operation, both human resources
and technical infrastructure need to be
appropriately expanded and strengthened.

V. Grid Operation Department

The Grid Operation Department (GOD) of the
Transmission Directorate is responsible for
ensuring reliable, secure, and high-quality power
transmission from remote generation sites to
major load centers across Nepal, managing
transmission lines and substations from 66 kV
up to 400 kV. The department conducts both
preventive and breakdown maintenance, works
on projects to expand substation capacity,
upgrade equipment, provide reactive power
support, and rehabilitate the grid to enhance
overall performance.

GOD also integrates Independent Power
Producers (IPPs) and bulk consumers into the
national grid following NEA's Grid Code. It
manages seven grid division offices across key
locations and two branch offices, playing a vital
role in maintaining a stable electricity supply
that supports Nepal's development and rising
energy needs.

To fulfill its mandate efficiently, the department
oversees seven grid division offices located in
Kathmandu, Hetauda, Butwal, Duhabi, Pokhara,
Attariya, and Dhalkebar, along with two grid
branch offices in Khimti and Kohalpur.

A. Major reinforcement/upgradation works
performed

During FY 2081/82, the department carried
out important transformer reinforcement and
upgrade projects across multiple substations
to meet rising power demand and reduce
voltage drops. These activities included
upgrading transformers, adding reactive power
compensation, and rehabilitating equipment.
Replaced transformers were refurbished and
reused at other substations, providing a cost-
effective solution to manage load and improve
system reliability.

Key achievements included energizing 132/11
kV, 45 MVA transformers at New Bharatpur,
Matatirtha, and Chapali substations; installing
a 66/11 kV, 22.5 MVA transformer at Kulekhani

7 Y Total Import Total Export Transmission Line Transmission Line

Energy (MWh) Energy(MWh) Loss Energy(MWh) Loss in Percentage

1 2068/69 3736805.66 3520922.32 215883.34 5.78%
2 2069/70 3772905.51 3574865.1 198040.41 5.25%
3 2070/71 4120153.81 3889823.1 230330.71 5.59%
4 2071/72 4394005.17 4193004.03 201001.14 4.57%
5 2072/73 3097302.02 2934259.90 163042.12 5.26%
6। 2073/74 5552927.57 5275058.79 277868.78 5.00%
7 2074/75 6347849.13 5980995.92 366853.21 5.78%
हा 2075/76 7005397.48 6700648.12 304749.36 4.35%
9। 2076/77 7149391.47 6826833.47 322558.00 4.51%
10 2077/78 8170175.54 7791266.07 378909.47 4.64%
11 2078/79 10111556.74 9659983.88 451572.86 4.47%
12 2079/80 11708172.92 11182998.99 525173.92 4.49%
13 2080/81 13353198.82 12761130.64 592068.18 4.43%
14 2081/82 15007201.1 14408997.69 598203.42 3.99%

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर Ny

substation; and commissioning a 132/33 kV,
63 MVA transformer at Dhalkebar substation.
These efforts helped reduce power interruptions
linked to insufficient substation capacity.

B. Grid Connection Agreement

The Department has successfully signed the Grid
Connection Agreement with 48 Independent
Power Producers (IPPs) for 2380.47 MW power
to meet the future load demand. Among those
23 IPPs will produce total of 1795.47 MW hydro
power and remaining 25 IPPs will produce total
of 585 MW solar power.

C. Transmission Loss Status

Comparison of Transmission Line Loss of

different F/Y.

D. Projects under Execution

The Grid Operation Department is executing various projects to increase the capacity of the
Grid substations to cater to the increasing load demand and to buy spare power transformers

necessary for immediate replacement.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 37

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

DISTRIBUTION AND CONSUMER
SERVICES DIRECTORATE

istribution and Consumer Services

Directorate (DCSD), led by the Deputy

Managing Director, is responsible for the
planning, expansion, operation, maintenance,
and rehabilitation of distribution networks,
including substations up to the 33 kV voltage
level. Additionally, DCSD administers consumer
service activities, such as new connections,
meter reading, billing, revenue collection, and
handling consumer grievances.

Minimizing technical and commercial losses
in the distribution network through measures
such as_ infrastructure upgrades, network
reconfiguration, transformer optimization,
power factor correction, and control of
electricity theft, DCSD is also engaged in
expanding and upgrading the distribution
network to meet growing — electricity
demand and accommodate new consumer
connections. All these activities are conducted
in accordance with service standards, tariff
regulations, and other policies outlined by the
regulatory framework established by national
law. Furthermore, DCSD has implemented
Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) using
innovative technologies in energy metering and
billing systems, incorporating smart metering
and smart grid technologies. DCSD has also
introduced Substation Automation Systems
(SAS) in both existing and newly constructed

38। Nepal Electricity Authority

substations. GIS substation has also been
introduced in the distribution substation in
recent times.

In addition, DCSD is striving to meet the
Government of Nepal's goal of providing
electricity service to the entire population
within the next two years. The organization is
making significant investments in distribution
infrastructure to enhance reliability and quality
while reducing losses. The DCSD is committed
to maintaining and upgrading the distribution
network to ensure a reliable and quality power

supply.

According to the _ recently implemented
Organization and Management Structure, DCSD
consists of three central departments: the
Planning and Technical Services Department,
the Community Rural Electrification
Department, and the Smart Meter and
Automation Department, each led by the
Director. In addition, DCSD provides services
to consumers nationwide through its seven
Provincial Offices and two Division Offices. The
Directorate employs approximately 67.23%
of the total staff at NEA. It plays a crucial role
in revenue collection to support the planning,
expansion, operation, maintenance, and overall
growth of NEA.

Vital Performance Highlights

Revenue
(%)
39.05%
4.47%

Sales
(%)
42.02%
3.07%

Percent of total
consumers (%)

91.08%
0.72%

Customer
Category

Domestic
Non-Commercial

Industrial 36.64%। 36.52%
10.48%। 8.62%

In FY 2024/25, the total number of consumers
reached to 5,707,528 an increase by 4.55% from
the previous FY. Similarly, the total sales in FY
2024/25 were 11,288 GWh, including internal
consumption. The gross revenue from energy
sales reached to 109.221 billion rupees, with
an increase of 9.58 billion rupees compared to
the previous FY. The commercial and industrial
categories together contribute 44.43%, of the
total sales whereas the domestic consumers
contribute 42.02%. The commercial and
industrial consumers together represent 1.99%
and the domestic consumers represent 91.08%
of total consumers. The sales and revenue
increment in comparison with the previous FY
are 10.38 % and 9.62% respectively.

1.23%
6.21%

The average collection period (ACP) was
recorded as 45.84 days excluding street
light dues anddedicated/trunk line dues. As
per Government's subsidy policy, NEA has
provided free energy of 176,711,018 kWh to
approximately 2,073,514 numbers of domestic
consumers having the connection of capacity
5 Amp. Further, the average selling price was
calculated as NRs. 9.44/kWh. The average
sales per consumer increased from 1,873 kWh
to 1,978 kWh and the collection from online
payment increased to NRs. 34.326 billion from
NRs. 27.438 billion. The loss reduction activities
have been closely monitored at the central level
and directives were issued regularly to achieve
the set loss target. With continuous initiations
and efforts of NEA's staff s, the distribution
system loss has been registered to 10.39% in
F/Y 2024/25.

In F/Y 2024/25, 569 ckt-km of 33 kV Line,
2,455 ckt-km of 11 kV line, 6,312 ckt-km of
0.4/0.23 kV line, 3,151 numbers of distribution

DISTRIBUTION AND CONSUMER SERVICES DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है =

transformers with the total capacity of 338
MVA and 15 numbers of 33/11 kV Distribution
Substation with the total capacity of 140 MVA
have been added in the distribution system.

Likewise, 297.8 MVA substation capacity has
been added though the upgradation of the
substation across the country. Along with these
distribution infrastructures, 8,145 ckt-km of 33
kV, 53,131 ckt-km of 11 kV and 156,790 ckt-km of
0.4/0.23, 210 numbers of 33/11 kV substations
with the total capacity with 2,997 MVA and
48,625 numbers of distribution transformers
constitute in the distribution system.

Out of 753 local levels, 539 local levels are
substantially electrified and 196 local levels
are partially electrified so far. The remaining
18 local levels, which have no connection with
the national grid, have access to electricity via
alternative energy sources.

Programs and Activities

During the fiscal year 2024/25, the Distribution
and Consumer Services Directorate (DCSD)
moved forward with significant initiatives
to strengthen the _ nation's __ electricity
infrastructure. The directorate focused on
expanding and upgrading the distribution
network, adding new consumer connections,
and implementing measures to limit electricity
losses. Simultaneously, efforts have been made
to enhance metering and billing systems and
improve the collection of outstanding payments.
A resolute monitoring of inventory allowed for
the efficient use of available materials in these
endeavors.

A key priority for the DCSD is ensuring a
reliable and quality electricity supply. To
this regard, activities such as upgrading the
existing distribution network, constructing new
feeders, and enhancing and adding distribution
transformers are ongoing. These efforts align
with the Government of Nepal's policy to
encourage the use of electricity for cooking,
transportation, and industry to reduce reliance
on fossil fuels. This national objective willimpose
further reinforcement and modernization of
the distribution network to maintain service
quality and reliability as demand grows.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 39

A 701२ 11 REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

In line with the government's goal of providing
electricity access to all citizens, NEA is actively
extending the national grid to un-electrified
regions. To bridge this gap in remote and
geographically challenging areas where grid
extension is not immediately feasible, NEA
is also exploring and implementing off-grid
solutions.

Felicitation of High-Consuming Consumers

NEA has initiated to recognize and has started to
felicitate the top ten consumers at the central,
provincial, and distribution center levels who
consistently pay their tariffs. These consumers
are categorized as Most Important Consumers
(MIC), Very Important Consumers (VIC), and
Important Consumers (IC), respectively so as to
provide customer care services on priority basis
from NEA.

Deputation of Safety Engineer/Protection and
Relay Engineer

NEA has begun to appoint dedicated engineers
for safety, as well as for protection and relay
functions. Each provincial office has designated
engineers to be responsible for both safety
and relay/protection engineering so as to
reduce electrical accidents as well as creating
awareness to consumers regarding electrical
safety.

Quality Control and Monitoring

The 'Quality Control and Monitoring Unit' has
been established in each department, provincial
office, and division office to focus on strict
quality control and monitoring of construction
works related to distribution infrastructure.
Reliable and high-quality supply can be ensured
if the distribution infrastructures are built
according to the appropriate standards and
with quality materials.

In this context, the Quality Control and
Monitoring Unit primarily focuses on quality
control in the construction of lines, substations,
buildings, and associated civil works. It also
monitors various construction activities, safe
working practices, and other relevant tasks as
required by the respective offices.

40। Nepal Electricity Authority

To ensure the quality of procured distribution
line materials and equipment, the DCSD will
establish an Acceptance Testing Laboratory in
Kharipati, Bhaktapur. This facility will be capable
of testing most electrical equipment and line
materials up to a 33 kV voltage level, similar to
the standards of an internationally accredited
laboratory.

Grievance Handling and No-Light Service

To minimize consumer complaints regarding no-
light services and address grievances promptly,
call centers have been established for seven
Provincial Offices and the Hetauda Divisional
Office, with ongoing efforts for the Lumbini
Division Office. The toll-free number 1150 is
available for reporting grievances, which can be
submitted via voice call or text message.

Loss Reduction

Provincial/Division Offices/Distribution Centers
were assigned with certain loss targets to
be achieved within reported fiscal year. Loss
reduction, as the regular activity of DCSD, and
shall be continued in coming years.

Plans and Programs

७ DCSD is commencing live line maintenance
work as a symbolic. For this procurement
of two numbers of crane mounted live
line maintenance equipment are being
procured which is in final stage. After
receiving this equipment, it will be operated
by DCs for live line maintenance which will
enhance the reliability of the power supply
to the consumer.

e Acceptance Testing Laboratory will be
established for the testing of electrical
materials and equipment up to 33 kV.

e Strengthening and upgradation of 33/11
kV substation in association with Nepal
government, internal fund of NEA as well as
funds for donor agency will be continued.

Grid Solar and Energy Efficiency Project

The Government of Nepal (GoN) received a
credit from the World Bank (WB) towards the
cost of Grid Solar Energy and Energy Efficiency

Project (GSEEP) under IDA Credit No. 5566-
NP (Project ID P146344) for an amount of 130
MUSD under a counter financing of 8 MUSD
by the GoN. The GSEEP Project comprises of
following two components:

Component 1: Grid Connected Solar PV Farms
Development has been completed and 25 MWP
has been connected to the National Grid. The
contractor is carrying out the operation and
maintenance since last two years.

Component 2: Under Distribution System
Planning and Loss Reduction, five contractors
have been completed and following projects are
in progress:

e Design, Planning, Engineering,
Procurement, Installation, Testing
and Commissioning of 8 New 33/11
kV substations and 33 kV lines for the
development of NEA Grid. (Kapilbastu,
Arghakhachi, Sindhuli, Ramechap and
Gulmi);

e Design, Supply, Installation/Erection,Testing
and Commissioning of  11/0.4kV
Distribution System (Taplejung, Panchthar
and Ilam);

e Design, Supply and_ Installation of
Substations and 33kV Lines in Bharatpur
Dhading, Hetauda, Kavre, Lagankhel,
Nuwakot, Palung, Ramechhap, Dolakha
and Sindhupalchok districts; and

Nepal Distribution System and

Expansion Project (AIIB)

Upgrade

NEA has received a loan-financing from the
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
towards the cost of financing of the proposed
project. The districts selected under this project
are Dang, Banke, Bardia and Rolpa from Lumbini
Province and Rukum West, Jajarkot, Surkhet,
Salyan, Kalikot, Jumla, Mugu and Humla from
Karnali Province.

This project will construct nineteen (19) new
33/11 kV substations, more than 411.56 km of
33 kV lines and approximately 1,800 km of 11 kV
distribution lines. The project will also include
installation of around 3,150 km of LT lines and
1,045 number of distribution transformers so

DISTRIBUTION AND CONSUMER SERVICES DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '@" है y

as to achieve the cent percent electrification in
the project implementation areas.

Nepal Distribution System
Expansion Project (EIB)

Upgrade and

NEA, through the GON, has received a loan-
financing from European Investment Bank (EIB)
towards the cost of financing of the proposed
project. The districts selected under this project
are Parasi, Rupandehi, Rolpa, Dang and Rukum
East from Lumbini Province and Bajhang, Bajura
and Baitadi from Sudurpaschim Province.

This project will construct thirteen (13) new
33/11 kV substations, more than 112 km
of 33 kV lines and more than 1,314 km of 11
kV distribution lines. The project will also
include the installation of around 2,813 ckt-
km of LT lines and 621 number of distribution
transformers so as to achieve the cent percent
electrification in the project implementation
areas.

Electricity Supply Reliability
Project (ESRIP)

Improvement

The World Bank is funding the Electricity
Supply Reliability Improvement Project (ESRIP)
to enhance the reliability of electricity supply
in various regions. The major objectives of this
project is to improve the reliability and quality
of electricity supply as well as reducing outages
and enhance service delivery to consumers.

The project primarily focuses on regions facing
significant electricity supply challenges of
voltage fluctuations, long feeder lengths as well
as reliability issues. The scope of the project
includesadditionofnewdistributionsubstations,
upgrading distribution infrastructure, and
implementing new technologies for feeder
automation and smart metering, leading to
improved reliability and operational efficiency.

Some of the major highlights of work executed
by various departments under DCSD are listed
in the following pages.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 41

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025।. Planning and Technical Services

Department (PTSD)

Planning and Technical Services Department
(PTSD) is responsible for the planning and
preparation of distribution system expansion
programs, as well as supporting the Distribution
and Consumer Services Directorate (DCSD)
in technical and commercial matters. This
department comprises two functional divisions:
The Loss Analysis Division and the Technical
Support Division.

Loss Analysis Division

Loss Analysis Division within PTSD examines
losses occurring in the distribution system.
Advanced metering infrastructure, including
smart meters integrated into a Meter Data
Management System (MDMS), has been
implemented to measure energy at receiving
points and at the interbranch between two
distribution centers, enabling accurate tracking
of energy transactions across the network.
The objective of this division is to conduct
rigorous analyses of distribution system losses,
leading to improved energy efficiency, reduced
operational costs, and enhanced overall system
performance.

Technical Support Division

Technical Support Division under PTSD is
responsible for developing and maintaining
technical standards, specifications, and
design guidelines for the _ distribution
system infrastructure. This division provides
engineering support for the design of new
distribution projects, including substation
layouts and_ infrastructure optimization.
Additionally, it assists the DCSD with technical
matters to ensure compliance with relevant
codes, regulations, and industrial best practices.

Some of the projects under monitoring of PTSD
are listed below.

33/11 kV Substation Rehabilitation Project
The "33/11 kV Substation Rehabilitation

Project,' under the Planning and Technical

42। Nepal Electricity Authority

Services Department (PTSD), is tasked with
strengthening the distribution system and
improving the reliability of 33/11 kV substations.
To date, the project has successfully rehabilitated
82 distribution substations, within last two
years, across Nepal through the replacement or
addition of new power transformers with total
capacities of 613.4 MVA including 6/8 MVA,
10/13.3/16.6 MVA, and 20/24 MVA, along with
other essential substation equipment.

Among these, 15 substations, commissioned
since March 3, 2025, are upgraded under the
Substation Automation System (SAS) to enable
operations from both local control centers at
each substation and remote-control center
located at the respective distribution office.
This project has increased the total substation
Capacity by 297.8 MVA through the upgrade
and addition of 33/11 kV power transformers
during the reported year.

Distribution
Project

System Voltage Improvement

The scope of the project includes the installation
of capacitor banks at 33/11 kV substations
to improve voltage levels in the distribution
lines. The project has recently completed the
installation of 110 MVAr capacitor banks at
14 different 33/11 kV distribution substations,
which are now in operation.

Madankudari-Makaibaari-Singati 33 kV Line
and Substation Project

ThescopeoftheProjectincludestheconstruction
of 33/11 kV, 6/8 MVA substation at Majhifeda
of Kavre district with interconnection facilities.
Substation construction work and 11/0.4 kV
distribution line work have been completed.
Pole erection work of 33 kV transmission
line has also been completed. The contract is
terminated due to non-performance of the
initial contractor and new contract has been
signed with another contractor to complete
the remaining work of 33 kV line. The Project is
scheduled to be completed by FY 2082/83.

Reconstruction and Improvement of Electricity
Distribution System (KFW funding)

Promotion of Solar Energy in Rural and Semi-
Urban Regions II

The Government of Germany has committed
up to EUR 8 million to support the development
of ground-mounted, grid-connected _ solar
PV installations at four locations: Middle
Marsyangdi Hydroelectric Project (MMHEP),
Jhupra of Surkhet, Suryapura of Gandak, and
Kulekhani of Markhu. The combined installed
capacity of these solar projects is expected to
reach approximately 16 MW (DC). Each site
is located adjacent to existing hydropower
facilities, promoting a model of solar-hydro
synergy by leveraging the existing transmission
infrastructure.

Rural Electrification Programs

Government of Nepal (GON) announced
under its "Plan and Policy" for cent percent
electrification in the country. In order to
achieve the GON's above mentioned target,
rural electrification programs through different
projects are being executed with funding
from Government of Nepal (GON) and Nepal
Electricity Authority (NEA) as well as grant
and loan assistance from KfW, ADB, EIB and
AIIB. The electrification programs funded by
GON/NEA has been implemented through
seven different projects covering nine districts
of Koshi Province, four districts of Bagmati
Province, one district of Gandaki Province, one
district of Karnali Province and one district of
Sudur Paschim Province having the scope of 15
numbers of 33/11 kV substations, 300 km of
33 kV line, 3,034 km of 11 kV lines and 7,174
km of 0.4/0.23 kV distribution networks with
1,919 numbers of distribution transformers via
following projects.

e Taplejung-Panchthar-llam-Jhapa Rural
Electrification and Substation Construction
Project

७ Bhojpur-Sankhuwasbha 11/0.4 kV Rural
Electrification Project

DISTRIBUTION AND CONSUMER SERVICES DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2 है =

Solukhumbu-Okhaldhunga 33 kV_ Rural
Electrification and Substation Construction
Project

e Khotang - Udayapur 11/0.4 kV Rural
Electrification Project

७ Kavre-Makwanpur-Ramechhap-Sindhuli
Rural Electrification Project

७ Nawalpur Rural Electrification and Chusang
(Mustang) 33 ९४ Transmission and
Substation Construction Project

७ Darchula - Dolpa 11/0.4 (९४ Rural

Electrification Project

Most of the contract packages under above
projects have been completed providing
electricity access to nearly 50,000 new
households during the reporting year.

Smart Metering and Automation Department

Smart Metering and Automation Department,
one of the vital departments under DCSD, is
working to modernize the existing metering
infrastructure by implementing smart energy
meters throughout the country gradually for
reliable and remote meter reading. It is working
to implement and support computerized
M-power Billing system in all distribution centers
and collection centers and support ongoing
RMS Billing project in terms of functional
requirements, data migration expertise, and
HHD integration as needed.

This department has two divisions namely
Computerized Billing and Network Division
and Metering and Automation Division.
Furthermore, the department consists of
two sections namely GIS and IT section and
Distribution System Control Center as well.

Computerized Billing and Network Division

Computerized Billing and Network
Division (CBND) plays a crucial role in the
Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), continuously
working to enhance NEA's revenue collection.
The M-power Billing System provides NEA
with an efficient billing system, equipped with
numerous features and modules to monitor the
entire process and ensure transparency in the
revenue management system.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 43

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025
The CBND has been successfully
implemented across' all NEA revenue

collection centers, covering 100 percent of
both the total consumer count and total NEA
revenue. The introduction of Handheld Meter
Reading Devices (HHD) in over 160 locations
has improved energy sales and reduced human
errors during meter reading. Additionally,
the division has implemented Online Meter
Reading Handheld Devices (Online HHD) with
Wi-Fi functionality in many NEA locations that
allows meter readers to directly upload data to
the branch server system, enhancing efficiency.

Consumers can enter their meter readings
from home via mobile apps, online platforms,
or by calling the NEA hotline number 1150.
The system is accessible through the website
https://www.consumer.nea.org.np or the NEA
application for mobile phone as well.

Online electricity bill payment system caters
to all consumer groups, allowing them to pay
electricity bills through various online banking,
mobile banking services, and e-wallet services.
The online payment system has significantly
reduced the time consumers spend in queues
and the money spent on transportation to pay
electricity bills. NEA has collection total amount.

Metering and Automation Divi sion

Smart Metering and Smart Grid Project under
Metering and Automation Division, completed
the replacement of 72,000 Three Phase
Electromechanical Whole Current Meters with
Smart Whole Current Meters in first phase and
in the second phase, installation of three phase
smart meters for remaining consumers is in
progress.

All the meters installed are in communication
with Head End System (HES) and energy and
electrical instantaneous data, meter events
and alarms received from the meter through
Head End System is exported to Meter Data
Management System (MDMS) for data analysis
and reporting purpose.

The Smart Metering Smart Grid project, is also
integrating Three Phase CT operated smart
meter, procured by Procurement Management

44। Nepal Electricity Authority

Division, into its system. Consumers connected
with smart meters for energy metering are
integrated with billing system and configured
for automated billing generation without
any human intervention. Consumers receive
electricity bill via SMS and email.

Smart Metering Smart Grid project has started
analyzing the energy loading and energy
requirement analysis, load analysis, reliability
indices, customer GIS_ locational mapping,
consumer ranking, energy balance and loss
analysis models etc. that will be helpful and key
factor in the planning and upgradation of the
system.

DCSD is operating all over the country through
seven provincial offices and two divisional offices
to facilitate its consumers with line connection,
revenue collection and handling grievances.

ll. Koshi Provincial Office, Biratnagar

Koshi Provincial Office of NEA attends 1,100,644
numbers of consumer through 24 Distribution
Centers spread over 14 districts. The majority
of the consumers, about 89.12%, belong to the
domestic category. It has registered and increased
the connected load of 756 MVA during FY 2024/25.

The annual energy sales were 1,932 GWh increased
by 12.60% from the previous FY and contribute
to 17.12% of the total sales of energy of NEA. The
gross annual revenue is NRs. 18.120 billion, which is
about 16.59% of the total revenue earned by NEA. It
has registered the overall increase of sales revenue
by 12.29% as compared to the previous FY.

The distribution loss of Provincial Office has been
registered to 12.27% from the last FY year loss of
9.87%. This year 29,034 consumer lines with due of
NRs. 591.160 million were disconnected. With the
concerted efforts of all Distribution Centers, the
revenue collection has improved to 97.80%.

lil. Madhesh Provincial Office, Janakpur

Madhesh Provincial Office of NEA serves 1,201,248
numbers of consumer through 23 Distribution
Centers spread over 8 districts. The majority of the
consumers, about 85.84%, belong to the domestic
category. It has registered and increased the
connected load of 639 MVA during FY 2024/25.

The annual energy sales were 2,430 GWh has been
registered to 13.68% from the previous FY and
contribute to 21.53% of the total sales of energy
of NEA. The gross annual revenue is NRs. 21.746
billion, which is about 19.91% of the total revenue
earned by NEA. It has registered the overall increase
of sales revenue by 11.37% as compared to the
previous FY.

The distribution loss of Provincial Office has been
registered to 14.05% from the last FY loss of
15.29%. This year 36,978 consumer lines with due
of NRs. 6.968 billion were disconnected. With the
concerted efforts of all Distribution Centers, the
revenue collection has improved to 92.00%.

Iv. Bagmati Provincial Office,

Kathmandu

Bagmati Provincial Office of NEA attends 920,520
numbers of consumer through 20 Distribution
Centers spread over 10 districts. The majority
of the consumers, about 95.35%, belong to the
domestic category. It has registered and increased
the connected load of 201 MVA during FY 2024/25.

The annual energy sales were 2,543GWh increased
by 5.66% from the previous FY and contribute to
22.53% of the total sales of energy of NEA. The
gross annual revenue is NRs. 27.863 billion, which is
about 25.51% of the total revenue earned by NEA. It
has registered the overall increase of sales revenue
by 5.90% as compared to the previous FY.

The distribution loss of Provincial Office has been
registered to 6.51% from the last FY loss of 5.60%.
This year 23,039 consumer lines with due of NRs.
654.360 million were disconnected. With the
concerted efforts of all Distribution Centers, the
revenue collection has improved to 98.84%.

v. Bagmati Province Division Office,
Hetauda

Bagmati Province Division Office of NEA serves
353,907 numbers of consumer through 6
Distribution Centers spread over 3 districts. The
majority of the consumers, about 89.99 %, belong
to the domestic category. It has registered and
increased the connected load of 176 MVA during FY
2024/25.

DISTRIBUTION AND CONSUMER SERVICES DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

The annual energy sales were 743 GWh increased
by 4.77% from the previous FY and contribute to
6.59% of the total sales of energy of NEA. The gross
annual revenue is NRs. 7.245 billion, which is about
6.63% of the total revenue earned by NEA. It has
registered the overall increase of sales revenue by
5.65% as compared to the previous FY.

The distribution loss of Division Office has been
registered to 8.59% from the last FY loss of 7.19%.
This year 10,290 consumer lines with due of NRs.
228.213 million were disconnected. With the
concerted efforts of all Distribution Centers, the
revenue collection has improved to 96.53%.

vi. Gandaki Provincial Office, Pokhara

Gandaki Provincial Office of NEA attends 515,596
number of consumers through 13 Distribution
Centers spread over 11 districts. The majority
of the consumers, about 95.08 %, belong to the
domestic category. It has registered and increased
the connected load of 249 MVA during the year
2024/25.

The annual energy sales were 740 GWh increased
by 7.76% from the previous FY and contribute to
6.56% of the total sales of energy of NEA. The gross
annual revenue is NRs. 7.220 billion, which is about
6.61% of the total revenue earned by NEA. It has
registered the overall increase of sales revenue by
7.62% as compared to the previous FY.

The distribution loss of Provincial Office has been
registered to 8.67% from the last FY loss of 7.96%.
This year 12,983 consumer lines with due of NRs.
182.291 million were disconnected. With the
concerted efforts of all Distribution Centers, the
revenue collection has improved to 99.72%.

vil. Lumbini Provincial Office, Butwal

Lumbini Provincial Office of NEA serves 572887
number of consumers through 11 Distribution
Centers spread over 6 districts. The majority of the
consumers, about 93.57 %, belong to the domestic
category. It has registered and increased the
connected load of 415 MVA during FY 2024/25 .

The annual energy sales were 1,662 GWh increased
by 13.92% from the previous FY and contribute to
14.73 % of the total sales of energy of NEA. The
gross annual revenue is NRs. 15.747 billion, which is
about 14.42% of the total revenue earned by NEA. It

Nepal Electricity Authority। 45

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

has registered the overall increase of sales revenue
by 13.15% as compared to the previous FY.

The distribution loss of Provincial Office has been
registered to 8.61% from the last FY loss of 7.67%.
This year 20,497 consumer lines with due of NRs.
4.622 billion were disconnected. With the concerted
efforts of all Distribution Centers, the revenue
collection has improved to 96.96%.

vill. Lumbini Province Division Office,
Nepalgunj

Lumbini Province Division Office of NEA serves
572,887 number of consumers through 10
Distribution Centers spread over 6 districts. The
majority of the consumers, about 91.57%, belong
to the domestic category. It has registered and
increased the connected load of 244 MVA during FY
2024/25.

The annual energy sales were 712 GWh increased
by 9.95% from the previous FY and contribute to
6.31% of the total sales of energy of NEA. The gross
annual revenue is NRs. 6.707 billion, which is about
6.14% of the total revenue earned by NEA. It has
registered the overall increase of sales revenue by
9.52% as compared to the previous FY.

The distribution loss of Division Office has been
registered to 10.11% from the last FY loss of
8.59%. This year 11,030 consumer lines with due
of NRs. 2.111 billion were disconnected. With the
concerted efforts of all Distribution Centers, the
revenue collection has improved to 95.77%.

IX. Karnali Provincial Office, Surkhet

Karnali Provincial Office of NEA attends 178,794
number of consumers through 10 Distribution
Centers spread over 10 districts. The majority of the
consumers, about 96.16%, belong to the domestic
category. It has registered and increased the
connected load of 88 MVA during FY 2024/25.

The annual energy sales were 100 GWh increased
by 19.80% from the previous FY and contribute to
0.89% of the total sales of energy of NEA. The gross
annual revenue is NRs. 952 million, which is about
0.87% of the total revenue earned by NEA. It has
registered the overall increase of sales revenue by
17.67% as compared to the previous FY.

The distribution loss of Provincial Office has been
registered 17.02% from the last FY loss of 21.79%.
This year 5,500 consumer lines with due of NRs.
33.217 million were disconnected. With the
concerted efforts of all Distribution Centers, the
revenue collection has improved to 97.97%.

X. Sudurpaschim' Provincial Office,
Attaria
Sudurpaschim Provincial Office of NEA serves

399,388 number of consumers through 12
Distribution Centers spread over 9 districts. The
majority of the consumers, about 91.81%, belong
to the domestic category. It has registered and
increased the connected load of 228 MVA during FY
2024/25.

The annual energy sales were 421 GWh increased
by 11.85% from the previous FY and contribute to
3.74% of the total sales of energy of NEA. The gross
annual revenue is NRs. 3.617 billion, which is about
3.31% of the total revenue earned by NEA. It has
registered the overall increase of sales revenue by
11.54% as compared to the previous FY.

The distribution loss of Provincial Office has been
registered 13.60% from the last FY loss of 11.50%.
This year 5,301 consumer lines with due of NRs.
86.115 million were disconnected. With the
concerted efforts of all Distribution Centers, the
revenue collection has improved to 99.62%.

46। Nepal Electricity Authority

ee... MONITORING, AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर है हक y

PLANNING, MONITORING,
AND INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORATE

he Planning, Monitoring, and Information
(Tectia Directorate (PMITD), headed

by the Deputy Managing Director,
functions as a central corporate division
of the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA).
This Directorate is responsible for directing
and monitoring the operations of three
departments: the Power System Management
Department, the Corporate Planning and
Monitoring Department, and the Information
Technology Department. Each of these
departments is led by a Director.

The Power System Management Department
is tasked with load forecasting, grid impact
studies, as well as generation and transmission
planning for Nepal's power system. The
Corporate Planning and Monitoring Department
is responsible for formulating NEA's corporate
plans and monitoring the implementation of
projects financed by the Government of Nepal,
NEA, and foreign investments. The Information
Technology Department focuses on developing
innovative IT solutions to automate various
operational activities within NEA.।. Corporate Planning and Monitoring
Department (CPMD)
Corporate Planning and Monitoring

Department (CPMD) is primarily established
to facilitate the systematic and coordinated
planning and monitoring of the capital
resources for proper allocation of the budget

ee

and monitoring of the progress of the various
projects under NEA. Those are:

e Preparing the annual budget for the
projects financed by the Government
of Nepal (GoN) and financed and/ or
co-financed by Foreign Loan / Grant and
NEA itself.

e Progress monitoring and reporting of
all the projects under NEA financed
by GON, Foreign Loan/ Grant and NEA
itself to NEA, MOEWRI, MOF and other
stakeholders.

० = Liaisonwith NEA management, MOEWRI
and MOF for the fiscal budgeting,
entry to LMBIS, OPMCM and progress
reporting of different projects.

e Assisting PMIT Directorate in
formulating plans and reports like
corporate development plans, annual
review report and others.

A. Fiscal Budgeting of Infrastructure

Development Project

The department is responsible for appropriating
the annual budget ceiling received from the GoN
and mobilizing internal resources to ensure the
achievement of the set targets. Coordinating
with respective directorate and projects for
preparation of the fiscal budgeting every year
and preparation of the plan and program
details with the optimal use of allocated budget
on an annual and quarterly basis which will be

Nepal Electricity Authority। 47

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

the basis for disbursement. The process entails
iterative consultations across multiple levels
within the organizational structure of NEA for
proposing final budget for the upcoming Fiscal
Year.

B. Progress Monitoring & Reporting

Progress monitoring like annual, half-yearly,
monthly and quarterly monitoring reporting to
line agencies to NEA, MOEWRI, MOF, OPMCM
and NPC etc. are the key functional tasks of
the CPMD. Based on the approved budget,
programs and with the actual progress achieved
by the projects, progress is monitored and
evaluated. Accordingly, CPMD recommends
progress incentives for the respective projects.

This year CPMD has monitored a total of 216
projects under Generation, Transmission,
Project Management Directorate, Engineering,
Distribution and Consumer Services and
Business Development Directorate. Among
them, 73 projects belong to Transmission
Directorate, 61 projects belong to PMD, 58
projects belong to DCS, 4 projects belong to
Generation Directorate and 8 projects belong
to BDD.

The department is also engaged in developing
suitable monitoring and evaluation directives
to assist the National Planning Commission
(NPC), the Ministry of Energy, Water Resources
and Irrigation (MoEWRI), and the Ministry
of Finance (MoF) in matters related to NEA.

Additionally, the department is liaison for the
annual budgeting into the Line Ministry Budget
Information System (LMBIS).

The CPMD provides necessary support to NEA
management in conducting various studies
related to institutional reform and development.
Additionally, the department contributes
inputs to studies undertaken by various
organizations on topics relevant to NEA. It also
plays a coordinating role in the development of
projects under different financing modalities.

C. Project Monitoring under OPMCM

In recent years, for effective monitoring of the
key development projects under government
financing, the Office of Prime Minister and
Council of Minister (OPMCM) has established
an online monitoring system of the key projects
under government fiscal plan and_ policy
statement, fiscal budget and with significant
importance like, transformatory projects,
national pride projects and other important
projects. CPMD furnishes key performance
indicators and milestones for those projects,
monitored by OPMCM monthly. Further, CPMD
is engaging in establishing the key indicator of
the energy sector like SDG, MDG etc. to NPC
for the planning, dissemination and monitoring
of the energy sector development related to
NEA. There were 17 projects under OPMCM
monitoring for last fiscal year F/Y 2023/24 and
23 for this ongoing new fiscal year F/Y 2024/25
as listed below.

Table: NEA Projects under OPMCM in F/Y 2024/25

Projects

Dododhara Bareli 400 kV Transmission Line Project

Kohalpur-Surkhet-Dailekh 132 kV Transmission Line Project

Kulekhani Sisnery Pumped Storage Project

Lower Seti Hydropower Project

Nepal Bharat Power Transmission Line (Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Inaruwa) 400 kV Trans-

mission Line Project
Upper Arun Hydropower Project

Doodhkoshi Storage Hydropower Project

Rasuwagadhi-Kerung 220 kV Transmission Line Project

Inaruwa Purniya 400 kV Transmission Line Project

10 Chameliya Jaulijivi 220 kV Transmission Line Project

48। Nepal Electricity Authority

Uttarganga Storage Project

ne... MONITORING, AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

Chhinchhu-Dododhara 400 kV Transmission Line Project

Lamahi-Chhinchhu 400 kV Transmission Line Project

New Butwal-Lamahi 400 kV Transmission Line Project
Tamakoshi-Kathmandu (Khimti-Bahrabise-Lapsiphedi 400 kV ) 200/ 400 kV Transmis-

sion Line Project

Budhigandaki Corridor (Filim-Gumda-Ratmate) 400 kV Transmission Line Project

Doodhkoshi Corridor 400 kV Transmission Line (Tingla-Doodhkoshi-Dhalkebar and
Tingla-Arun-Inaruwa-Anarmani) Project

Tamakoshi V Hydropower Project
Chainpur Seti Hydropower Project

Sunkoshi -3 Hydropower Project
Upper Modi A Hydropower Project
Rahughat Hydropower Project

D. Ongoing Development: Digital Software
for Budgeting & Monitoring

For effective and efficient planning and
monitoring, currently in coordination with ITD,
CPMD is developing software for Budgeting and
Monitoring of the projects under NEA which
are financed by GON, Foreign Agencies and
NEA itself, for automation and scientific data
storing and data retrieval process. Use of such
advancement of information technology in
budgeting and monitoring of the projects seems
essential and will tremendously reduce work-
load and enhance efficiency and transparency
to support the planning and performance
monitoring of the project managers and staffs
involved which in turn will be great tools for
rational and informed management decisions
needed for the project and evaluation of the
staff and provision for the incentives as well.
The tedious, difficult voluminous data that
works with the possibility of human error in
each step will be drastically reduced and it
makes the progress status of the projects clear
to all the projects, CPMD, related Directorates
and the management.

ll. Information Technology Department (ITD)

The Information Technology Department (ITD)
continues to play a pivotal role in supporting
the organization's digital transformation and
operational efficiency. As NEA advances towards
smarter grid solutions and customer-centric

11
Karnali Chisapani Multipurpose Project

services, the IT Department has remained
instrumental in developing, maintaining, and
securing the technological backbone that
supports NEA's wide-ranging operations.

Operational Efficiency and Management:

A Business Intelligence (Bl) dashboard for
decision-making will be implemented which
serves as a centralized platform that integrates
and visualizes real-time and historical data
from various operational, customer, and
financial systems. It enables utility executives
and managers to monitor key performance
indicators such as energy demand and supply,
grid reliability (e.g., outage frequency and
duration), revenue generation, maintenance
schedules, and customer satisfaction. By
presenting data through interactive charts,
maps, and trend analyses, the dashboard
supports informed decisions related to
load forecasting, infrastructure investment,
regulatory compliance, and sustainability goals.
Ultimately, it enhances operational efficiency,
reduces downtime, and improves service
delivery in an increasingly complex and data-
driven energy landscape.

Upgradation of different application system
software (Customised Accointing System (CAS),
Centralized E-Attendance System, Employee
Information Portal and others) has been
successfully done to enhance the functionality,
security, and user satisfaction while ensuring

Nepal Electricity Authority। 49

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

seamless integration and minimal disruption to
business operations.

Ticket Management System ॥95 been
implemented to ease the technical support
system of NEA.

has been
Meeting

Meeting Management System
implemented for High Level
Management.

Upgradation of Centralized E-Attendance
System has been successfully done to cater
Attendance and Log of employee

Cybersecurity Measures:

Information Technology Department (ITD)
has begun adopting dedicated cyber security
equipment to protect its growing digital
infrastructure, particularly as it transitions
toward a fully digital authority with centralized

data control, smart-metering, and SCADA-
connected substations. ITD has _ prioritized
implementing robust firewalls, Security

Information and Event Management (SIEM)
systems, and continuous network monitoring to
safeguard NEA's networks and critical systems.

As per best practice, Information Technology
Department will develop and maintain SOPs
for critical IT and security processes, track and
resolve audit findings, create and review a
succession plan for key IT roles, and implement
a regular backup testing and documentation
schedule.

Further secure communication channels and
data processing practices will be implemented
to prevent unauthorized access and ensure
the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive
information. Additionally, appropriate access
controls and system integrity measures will be
applied to safeguard sensitive financial data
against fraud and unauthorized modifications.

Data Center:

The initiation of newly built Data Center
along with future up-gradation of Network
Communication Backbone shall not only
benefit NEA as a whole, but also can be used
as a revenue generating source by leasing

50। Nepal Electricity Authority

bandwidth and data space to government
Office and Private Organizations in the near
future.

Establishment of Disaster Recovery Center
has also been initiated. Together, they form a
comprehensive recovery strategy: data centers
protect and restore technological assets, while
DRCs facilitate logistical, financial, and human
support—enabling businesses to quickly
resume operations with minimal downtime.

Enhanced Customer Interaction:

In an era of increasing customer expectations
and growing demand for timely information
with customer relying on traditional channels
(hotline, SW and website), Nepal Electricity
Authority (NEA) faces persistent challenges in
delivering efficient and accessible customer
service. To address this, NEA envisions a
transformative leap in customer engagement
by implementing an Al-powered chatbot.
Designed as a smart self-service assistant, the
chatbot will provide instant, accurate answers
to frequently asked questions. Importantly, the
chatbot will feature multi-language capabilities
(Nepali and English) to ensure inclusivity and
accessibility for all segments of NEA's customer
base.

Upgraded NEA Mobile App and CRM (Customer
Relation Management System) software has
added features like bill checking, seamless
payments, fault information, and complaint
management, improving customer service and
engagement.

Implementation of Grievance Management
System to cater resolving complaints/
concerns from individuals or groups within an
organization in relation to a service or from
outside the organisation (Hello Sarkar).

NEA website will be upgraded to a new website
to enhance the functionality, security, and user
satisfaction while ensuring seamless integration
and minimal disruption to business operations.

Corporate Payment System will be implemented
for customers with multiple accounts in NEA
(NTC, Ncell, government) which will ease the
payment process.

Ill. POWER SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
DEPARTMENT
Power System Management Department

(PSMD) is mainly responsible for the load
forecast, generation and transmission line
planning with balancing the need for reliability,
efficiency, security, sustainability and regulatory
compliance of Integrated Power System (INPS)
of Nepal.

PSMD identifies the importance of the necessity
of the domestic and cross-border lines and
also highlights the constraints in the grid that
could pose operational risk and that can reduce
efficiency due to outages in the Integrated Nepal
Power System. It also develops transmission
configurations for evacuating power from
planned generation projects through different
technical studies such as load flow, short circuit,
steady state and transient stability.

PSMD also provides advisory services to the
power sector stakeholders upon their request.
It also assists the directorates and departments
within NEA by providing necessary data and
suggestions regarding implementation of
planned projects and its consequences in INPS
and its alternatives.

The department is diligently involved to prepare
Corporate Development Plan of NEA to achieve
NEA vision of becoming "a modern, reliable,
and resilient utility that ensures secure and
uninterrupted electricity supply, serves as the
infrastructure and energy reserve backbone
of Nepal, and creates long-term value for the
nation and its people." The department has
also conducted the energy simulation and load
forecast for the Corporate Development Plan.

Grid Impact Study (GIS) for new generation
projects is also one of the main focus of Power
System Management Department (PSMD). The
Grid Impact Study (GIS) analyzes the effect of
new connection of load and generating plant.
NEA Grid ensures satisfactory operation of
the NEA Grid in conformity with the Nepal
Electricity Grid Code; requirement for additional
transmission lines, reinforcement in the
network, and requirement for the installation of
Capacitors and reactors are recommended. The
study gives the glimpse of the loading condition
of the transmission lines.

In FY 2024/25, Power System Management
Department carried out following technical

ne... MONITORING, AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

studies at the request of NEA's different
departments. Notable among them are:

Closely collaborated with the Joint
Technical Team (JTT) of India and
Nepal to study the possibilities and
requirements of power exchange
between India and Nepal.

Associated with grid interconnection
study conducted by Joint Technical
Group (JTG) of State Group Corporation
of China (SGCC) and Nepal Electricity
Authority (NEA).

Grid Impact Study of 43 hydropower
projects developed by IPPs with the
total installed capacity of 2723 MW was
performed.

Grid Impact Study of 2 bulk load
industries of the total load 20 MVA to be
connected to the INPS was conducted.

A cumulative Grid Impact Study was
completed for 960 MW Solar Power
Plants tendered by NEA.

Power Evacuation Study of Jawa Tila
Hydroelectric Project was carried out.

Load flow analysis of INPS for upcoming
wet season has been conducted and
the various recommendations has been
mentioned.

Fault analysis of New Butwal-Lamahi
400 kV Transmission Line,  Nijgad-
Ramauli-Pokhariya 400 kV Transmission
Line, and Marsyandi Corridor 220 kV
Transmission line were conducted.

Coordinated with JICA to study on
Integrated Power System Development

Plan for Urban Transmission and
Distribution System Improvement
Project.

Coordinated with MCC to study on 'Sub-
transmission Planning and Protection
Upgradation' project.

The Load forecast Report for upcoming
ten years was prepared.

Preparation of 5 year Sub-Transmission
Plan was carried out.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 51

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

ENGINEERING SERVICES

DIRECTORATE

ngineering Services Directorate (ESD),

led by the Deputy Managing Director, is

responsible to carry out study from project
identification to feasibility including geological,
geotechnical investigations, design, and
environmental assessments for hydropower
and transmission line projects. It also provides
training, consulting, and advisory services for
NEA's infrastructure projects. ESD comprises
four departments and two divisions.

I. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT

The Project Development Department (PDD)
under the Engineering Services Directorate
is responsible for the study and design of
hydropower and transmission line projects. Its
major functions include identifying potential
projects, screening 916 ranking them,
conducting prefeasibility and feasibility studies,
carrying out detailed engineering design, and
preparing tender documents. The department
is organized into four divisions: Project
Identification, Hydro Sedimentology, Survey,
Norms Specification and Design Division.
Currently, the department is handling multiple
hydropower projects at different stages of study
and development.

52। Nepal Electricity Authority

कराई

Jawa Tila Hydroelectric Project

Jawa Tila Hydropower Project is a PROR (Peaking
Run-of-River) type project situated in the Jumla
District of Karnali Province. The headworks
are located near Rara Lihi village, while the
powerhouse is near Nagma Bazar in Tila Rural
Municipality. A survey license for the project
was granted by the Department of Electricity
Development (DoED) on October 5, 2023, with
a validity of two years. The project is designed
with an installed capacity of 70.37 MW and is
expected to generate an annual energy output
of 327.81 GWh.

During this fiscal year, layout and capacity
optimization has been completed. A dam height
of 18 m and discharge of 55 m?/s were finalized
for the feasibility study. Feasibility design of all
major components has been completed along
with economic and financial analysis. EIA study
is going on and SD/TOR have been submitted
to DoED. Under the Geotechnical Investigations
ERT has been completed and core drilling work
is in process. A preliminary design for 132 kV,
7 km transmission line for power evacuation
has been completed.

%

Automatic Level Reader (AWLR) installation at
Tila River, Jumla

Preparation for Drilling work at Tila HEP

Syarpu Lake Pumped Storage Hydroelectric
Project

Syarpu Lake Pumped Storage Hydroelectric
Project (334 MW) is a proposed pumped storage
project located in Bafikot Rural Municipality,
Rukum West District, Karnali Province. The
project utilizes Tharkhola and Syarpu Lake as its
primary water sources. The upper reservoir will
be formed by raising the water level of Syarpu
Lake by 7 meter, while the lower reservoir will
be created by constructing a 73-meter-high
dam, with the outflow eventually draining
into the Bheri River. A survey license for the
project was obtained from the Department of
Electricity Development in 2023 AD, valid for a
period of two years.

As a part of the feasibility study, topography
survey has been completed and hydrological
study is being gradually updated with the field
data. Geological and Environmental study is
being conducted. Meanwhile feasibility design
is also being carried out.

ENGINEERING SERVICES DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '7% a क)

Identification of Pumped Storage Hydropower
Project

By the end of F/Y 2081/82, a total of 52 pumped
storage projects with a combined capacity of
59,894 MW and 10 storage projects totaling
2,785.4 MW were identified. In the same fiscal
year, 11 pumped storage projects (12,052
MW) and 4 storage projects (415.4 MW) were
further identified and ranked. Prefeasibility
assessments, including § site visits and
evaluations of hydrological, geological, social,
and environmental aspects, were conducted.
Pre-feasibility study of top-ranked projects
such as Thuligad Storage (102.9 MW) and K-65
Pumped Storage (512.9 MW) were carried out.
Additionally, license application processes were
completed for Hulingtar-Dumpkin PSHP (494.5
MW) and Kulekhani-Sisneri PSHP (100 MW).

Karnali Chisapani Multipurpose Project

The Karnali Chisapani Multipurpose Project
(10,800 MW) is planned for the development
on the Karnali River, at the intersection of
Sudurpaschim Province (Kailali, Doti, Achham),
Karnali Province (Surkhet) and Lumbini Province
(Bardiya). The Project aims to provide significant
hydropower generation and flow regulation to
enhance agricultural productivity in both Nepal
and India. Additional anticipated benefits
include flood control, water supply, fisheries
development, navigation and_ recreational
opportunities.

During this fiscal year, consulting firms have
been shortlisted following the PPMO standard
guidelines as an interim process for the
procurement of consulting services to update
the Feasibility study of 1989 and to carry out the
Detailed Engineering Design and preparation of
tender documents for the construction of the
project. Simultaneously, preparatory work is
underway for the procurement of consulting
services for Environmental and Social Studies in
line with national and international standards.
In parallel the department is also conducting
its own depth studies of the project along
with investment arrangement with different
financial entity.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 53

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Sunkoshi -3

The Sunkoshi-3 Storage Hydroelectric Project,
with an installed capacity of 683 MW, is
located in Kavre and Ramechhap districts
of Bagmati Province, Nepal. The dam site
lies on the boundary between Temal Rural
Municipality (Kavre District) and Khadadevi
Rural Municipality (Ramechhap District).

Currently, NEA is conducting further detailed
studies. The Request for Proposal (RFP) for
consulting services related to the Detailed
Engineering Design and _ Preparation of
Tender Documents has already been issued
to shortlisted consulting firms. The technical
evaluation of the proposals has been completed
and the process of financial proposal opening is
underway. Several key technical assessments,
including hydrological and reregulation studies,
have been conducted. In addition, the project
has successfully completed a Hydropower
Sustainability Assessment and has received
Certification Status. A Joint Venture Agreement
has been drafted for the development of the
project in coordination with the Bangladesh
Power Development Board.

Arun-4

Arun-4 Hydro Electric Project is a run of the
river type project proposed on Arun River in
Bhot Khola and Makalu Rural Municipality of
Sankhuwasabha District.

The Arun-4 Hydropower Project (490.2 MW)
has made key institutional and_ technical
advancements. The survey license was renewed
by the DoED and is now valid until 2082/07/07.
The MoU extension process has been initiated

A. Study Projects under ESSD

Study Projects under ESSD
Dhaubadi-Meghauli 132 kV TL

2। Attariya-Dhangadhi 132 kV TL

and is currently under review. The Joint
Venture Agreement draft has been finalised.
A joint survey has been done with Upper Arun
to resolve the common benchmark issues.
Additionally, a GLOF (Glacial Lake Outburst
Flood) study has been completed.

Similarly, PDD has also studied different
small hydro projects for rehabilitation
and upgradation. During this fiscal year
rehabilitation of Gorkhe small hydropower
of Illam and detailed design of Potmara small
hydropower of Kalikot has been finalised and
submitted.

Professional works done by Survey Division

In this fiscal year, the Survey Division carried
out significant survey and mapping activities
across multiple energy infrastructure projects.
Completed works include the Damak Kerun—
Biratnagar 132 kV transmission line, Kathmandu
Valley System Reinforcement Project (132
kV), Ratmate—Rasuwagadhi-Kerung 400 kV
cadastral survey, Nijgadh—Pokharia 400 kV
transmission line rerouting, and bathymetric
surveys of Upper Tamakoshi and Kulekhani।
reservoirs.

Il. Environment and Social Studies
Department (ESSD)

The Environmental and Social Studies

Department (ESSD) of NEA, provides technical

support for environmental 9010 social

assessments, safeguard implementation,

and monitoring of energy projects in Nepal,
ensuring compliance with national laws and
international partner requirements.

Status

IEE Completed

Balaju - Singhadurbar 132 kV TL IEE Completed
Nepalgunj- Nanpara 132 kV TL IEE Completed

IEE Completed

5
7
Supplementary EIA submitted to MoFE

54। Nepal Electricity Authority

ENGINEERING SERVICES DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '

B. Mitigation and Monitoring Projects stakeholder consultations, compensatory
plantation, and community and school support.
The projects covered were Upper Arun Access
Road, HDD 400 kV TL, Kohalpur-Surkhet 132 kV
TL, SASEC Projects, Tamakosi-Kathmandu 400
kV TL, Dudhkoshi Storage HEP, and Chilime-
Trishuli 220 kV TL.

In FY. 2081/82, ESSD actively implemented
environmental mitigation, enhancement, and
monitoring measures for seven major projects,
following approved EIA/IEE reports and funding
agency requirements. Activities included
awareness programs, skilldevelopmenttraining,

Public Consultation Meeting at Lekhnath-Damauli
220 kV TLP Area, Byas Municipality, Tanahu

Ill. Geological Investigation Department (GID) geotechnical investigations including core
drilling and in-situ testing, geophysics, and

The primary objective of this department laboratory testing.

is to provide consulting services in geology,

A. Major Geological and Geotechnical Investigation Activities

Project Description of activities

3680m ERT Survey and 140 ha Engineering Geological
Mapping

Jawa Tila Hydroelectric Project 3000m ERT and Core Drilling
Chyomuntanthang, Sindhupalchowk। Optical Televiewer Survey Over 50m

Syarpu Lake PSP

Nepal Electricity Authority। 55

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

B. Laboratory and Field-Testing Activities

Project Description of activities
Upper Arun Hydroelectric Project Rock core sample test

Aggregate and soil sample test
Field Density test
Disturbed and Undisturbed Soil tests
Brick Quality test
Compressive Strength, gradation and AIV test

ERT survey at IkhuwaKhola HPP (IKHPP)

IV. TRAINING MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

na विद्युत sfc . नि
छन्जिनिखाकङ्ग sven fader

तालिम व्यवस्थापन faarer
FRIES, मका, ., ही

ah r
Lt

Tw

Completion of the firstin-service training of Level 3 employees

56। Nepal Electricity Authority

The NEA Training Management Department
(referred to as NEA-TMD) is situated at Kharipati,
Bhaktapur, which has trained 29,510 employees
including technical and non-technical during
the last 35 years of its establishment.

NEA-TMD occupies around 203 Ropanis of
land with well-equipped academic as well as
hostel buildings for residential training. There
are three well-managed hostel buildings with
a Capacity of 160 beds and a VIP Guest House.
It has one administrative building for office use
and a modern type of canteen building too. The
main function is to prepare training, allocate
resources, collect appropriate trainees, and
perform other general management activities.
In FY 2081-82 NEA-TMD conducted 74 training
programs in different fields for 2183 trainees in
total.

"In Fiscal Year 2081/82, for the first time within
the Nepal Electricity Authority, a one-month
in-service training for Level 3, Electrician
was conducted by the Training Management
Department." From now onwards, such _in-
service training will be conducted every year.

V. Physical Infrastructure Division

Building and Physical Infrastructure
Construction Project (BPICP)
BPICP is constructing two office building

projects at Lainchaur and Bhagwanpaau.
Further, BPICP has commenced the detail
design of five buildings outside the Kathmandu
valley. Bhagwanpaau building is a three storey
typical traditional Newari architecture building
with sloped roof and jhingati tile. The total built-
up area of this building is 5,753.53 sqm and
ground coverage is 1,544.86 sqm.The project
has achieved 73% physical progress and 49%
financial progress.

Rendered view of New Office Building at Bhagwanpaau

ENGINEERING SERVICES DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '7% a oi]

Rendered View of Office Building at Lainchaur

Whereas, Lainchaur building is a highrise eight
storey building with total built-up area of
6,228.95 sqm and ground coverage is 662.95
sqm. The physical progress is 33% and financial
progress is 24%.

The overall physical progress of the project is
50% and financial progress is 32.87% and its
completion time has been extended up to 24
July 2026.

Similarly, a consultant was selected to carry
out the detailed design and environmental
study for the construction of commercial office
buildings at Dhangadhi, Bhairahawa, Pokhara,
Birgunj, and Biratnagar. The work commenced
from 28 August 2024 and 80% of the work has
been completed. The conceptual design, the
preliminary design report, and a draft of the
detailed design report has been submitted.
Furthermore, the Terms of Reference (ToR) for
the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) has
been submitted to the Department of Electricity
Development for approval.

VI. Electromechanical Design and Construction
Division
This division has been monitoring the activities

of different four pole plants and the central
workshop located at Hetauda.

A. Central Workshop

Its primary objective is to uphold the highest
quality standards while providing essential
maintenance and_ testing services for
transformers, ensuring the reliability and safety
of Nepal's electrical infrastructure.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 57

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

During the fiscal year 2024/25, the Workshop
achieved significant milestones which includes
repairing 1,951 distribution transformers and 6
power transformers. Additionally, it conducted
testing on 2,792 transformers to verify their
reliability and safety, and ensured the accuracy
of 558 units of CT/PT. Currently, the facility has
the capability to repair and test transformers
with a power rating of up to 10 MVA and a
voltage level of 33 kV. Efforts to upgrade the
workshop's capacity to 63 MVA is ongoing.

Maintenance work at Central Workshop Hetauda

B. Pole Plant Design and Construction Section

There are four concrete pole plants under this
section. The main objective of all the plants is
to meet the pole demand of various DCS for
electrification works. Those plants produce
Prestressed Concrete (PSC) poles of size 8m, 9m
and 11m. The details of the different pole plants
with pole production in fiscal year 2081/82 is
shown in the table below:

Central Workshop Hetauda

Pole Plant Productio
Amlekgunj Concrete Pole Plant, Bara

Kotre Pole Plant, Tanahu 11,628
Tankisinuwari Pole Plant, Morang 21,600
Lamki Pole Plant, Kailali 16,800

Yo
eee =—

i

Amlekhgunj Pole Plant

58। Nepal Electricity Authority

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर है = y

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

he Project Management Directorate
[7२ is tasked with executing projects
funded by the Norwegian Government,
Asian Development Bank (ADB), and European

Investment Bank (EIB). These projects are
aimed at:

e Enhancing the capacity of transmission and
distribution systems.

० Digitization and Automation transmission
and distribution systems.

० Digitalize NEA and
institutional capacity.

strengthen _ its

Additionally, with ADB funding, PMD conducts
detailed engineering, environmental, and social
studies for transmission lines and substations
up to 400 kV, spanning over 1,000 km, and
associated substations. Currently, PMD 5
implementing six ADB-assisted projects:

i. SASEC Power System Expansion Project
(SPSEP)

ii. Power Transmission and __ Distribution
Efficiency Enhancement Project (PTDEEP)

iii. SASEC Power Transmission and Distribution

System Strengthening Project (SASEC
PTDSSP)

iv. Electricity Grid Modernization Project
(EGMP)

v. Project Preparatory Facility for Energy

(PPFE)

DIRECTORATE

vi. SASEC Electricity Transmission and
Distribution Strengthening Project (SASEC
ETDSP)

These projects are managed by _ three
departments:
i. Transmission Line and Substation

Department
ii. Distribution Line and Substation Department

iii. Social Safeguards and _— Environment

Management Department

Projects Completed in year 2024/25

1. New-Butwal Bardaghat 220 kV

Transmission Line Project

The project involved building a 220/132 kV,
100 MVA substation in New Butwal, Sunwal-13,
Nawalparasi, and 21 km 220 kV transmission
line from New Butwal Substation to Bardaghat.
It aims to evacuate power from NEA/IPPs'
plants in the Kaligandaki River Basin, connected
to Dana and Kushma_ substations, while
enhancing power reliability and transmission
capacity. The substation was completed in
November 2021, partially operational, and
fully operational since October 2023 after the
Kushma-New Butwal 220 kV line was finished.
The 21 km transmission line, contracted to M/S
POWERCHINA SEPCO1, faced delays due to EIA
approval, COVID-19, and forest land issues but
was commissioned on 12 December 2024.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 59

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Strung Kusma- New Butwal Multi-circuit Line

2. Marsyangdi - Kathmandu 220kV
Transmission Line Project
The Marsyangdi-Kathmandu 220 kV

Transmission Line Project was designed to
transfer power from the Marsyangdi Corridor
to Kathmandu Valley, strengthening Nepal's
power system and enhancing transmission
reliability. It includes 82 km double-circuit
220 kV line from Markhichowk, Tanahun, to
Matatirtha, Kathmandu, using twin MOOSE
ACSR conductors, and 320 MVA substations
at both ends (GIS at Markhichowk, AIS at
Matatirtha). The transmission line, contracted
to M/S TATA Projects Ltd. in June 2016, was
commissioned at 132 kV on 21 June 2022, and
upgraded to 220 kV on 31 December 2024. The
substation contract, initially with Shenzhen
Farad Electric Co. Ltd in 2017, was terminated
and reassigned to M/S China Machinery

Engineering Corporation (CMEC) in December
2020. The Markhichowk GIS substation was
commissioned on 31 December 2024, and the
Matatirtha AIS substation began operating on
28 April 2024.

Matatirtha Substation

60। Nepal Electricity Authority

Markichowk Substation

3. Amlekhgunj 132kV Substation Construction
Project

The Pathlaiya—Birgunj Corridor, a key industrial
hub in Nepal's central-southern region, has
seen growing power demand due to industrial
expansion, especially in Simara. To address
this, the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) built
Amlekhgunj 132/66/11 kV GIS Substation to
bolster the regional transmission network
and ensure reliable industrial power supply.
The project included a 132/66 kV, 2x100 MVA
GIS substation and a 66/11 kV, 2x10 MVA
substation, connected to the national grid via
a LILO arrangement with the 132 kV Hetauda—
Pathlaiya and 66 kV Hetauda—Amlekhgunj—
Simara double circuit lines. Contracted to
M/s TBEA Co., Ltd., China, on 7 May 2023,
the substation was commissioned on 14 April
2025, enhancing transmission infrastructure in
Madhesh Province, particularly for industries
in Simara and Parwanipur reliant on the 66 kV
line.

Overall layout of Amlekhgunj Substation

4. Mulpani Substation Construction Project

The project aims to enhance Kathmandu
Valley's grid capacity, meeting the growing
power demand in eastern and northern

Kathmandu and ensuring reliable electricity
supply. It involves constructing a substation with
four 132 kV GIS line bays, two 45 MVA power
transformers, eight 11 kV outgoing feeders,
and other facilities, with a LILO arrangement on
the Bhaktapur-Chapali line using new towers.
Initiated in FY 2021/22 under the ADB-funded
Electricity Grid Modernization Project (EGMP) —
Additional Financing, the contract was awarded
to M/s TBEA Co., Ltd., China, on 21 August 2022.
The 132 kV GIS substation was commissioned
on 5 April 2025 and is fully operational.

Mulpani Substation and Dense Load Centers

5. Samundratar- Trishuli 3B 132kV

Transmission Line Project

The project was designed to evacuate 270 MW
from hydropower plants in the Tadi River Basin,
Nuwakot District, via 26 km 132 kV double-
circuit transmission line (including 3 km of four
circuits for Upper Trishuli 3B HPP) to the Trishuli
3B Hub Substation in Pairebeshi, Nuwakot,
connected to the national grid at Matatirtha
Substation. It includes the Samundratar
Substation with 2x30 MVA 132/33 kV and 2x8
MVA 33/11 kV transformers, two 132 kV line
bays, and two 11 kV feeders serving Satbise and
Ghyangphedi, resolving unreliable power and
voltage issues. The Chaughada Substation was
upgraded to 8 MVA at 33/11 kV. Over 10 IPPs
(60 MW total) are under construction to use
this substation. Funded by a $12 million loan
from the European Investment Bank(EIB) and
Asian Development Bank (signed 20 April 2015),
the project, with a total cost of 1.55 billion NPR,
was executed by ETERN-CCCE-FEPEC JV, China,
under an EPC contract effective 28 November
2016. It was commissioned on 3 July 2021 and
has now become fully operational.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

Samundratar Substation

6. Electric Vehicle Charging Station
Infrastructure Development Project
The project has successfully installed 62

charging stations across the country, with an
average daily electricity sale of 35,000 units.
Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) operates
charging stations that are the first choice for
general consumers. Currently, NEA's charging
stations, known as NEA Charge, form a mobile
app and related Charging Management System
(CMS)/Backend, creating a comprehensive and
accessible EV Charging Ecosystem. With an easy
payment system, simple Electric Vehicle Service
Equipment (EVSE), Electric Vehicles, CMS, and
mobile app coordination, charging stations
installed even in remote areas are regularly
operational. As of now, the NEA Charge
Application has been downloaded by 30,500
general consumers who have created their
accounts. Additionally, NEA operates charging
stations in major cities and highways, achieving
up to 10%-40% Annual Capacity Utilization. On
average, 2,500 customers daily facilitate 35,000
units of electricity distribution through these
stations. On average, one charging station
serves 45-50 customers daily.

RA, Susie

Clarghig Daly

Daily Station Report from Centralize Monitoring Station

Nepal Electricity Authority। 61

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

1. Transmission Line and Substation

Department
Projects under Construction

The Transmission Line and Substation
Department (TLSD) within PMD facilitates
the execution of 132 kV or higher voltage
transmission line and substation projects.
The department is also looking after the grid
substation automation projects and carrying out
the studies of several projects of transmission
lines and substations.

1.1 Tamakoshi - Kathmandu
Transmission Line Project

220/400kV

The Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), with
funding from the Nepal Government and Asian
Development Bank under ETESIP and PTDEEP, is
executing the Tamakoshi-Kathmandu 220/400
kV Transmission Line Project to evacuate over
1000 MW of hydropower from Dolakha, Khimti
Basin, and Sindhupalchowk 1० Lapsiphedi
(Kathmandu) and New-Khimti (Ramechhap)
substations for national grid integration. The
project includes 42.762 km 400 kV double-
circuit line from Khimti to Barhabise, 46.457
km 400 kV line from Barhabise to Lapsephedi,
a 10 km 132 kV double-circuit and 4.1 km
quad-circuit line from Lapsiphedi to Duwakot
(Bhaktapur), and a 160 MVA, 220/132/11 kV
GIS substation at Barhabise. Key hydropower
projects served include Upper Tamakoshi and
Madhya-Bhotekoshi.

The project is divided into three packages:
Package। (Khimti-Barhabise 400 kV section,
100% complete, Contractor-KEC International
Ltd, by 31 July 2025) has all 118 towers and
stringing completed, ready for commissioning
and energizing. Package। (Barhabise-
Lapsiphedi 400 kV, 97% complete; Lapsiphedi-
Duwakot 132 kV, 0% progress due to public
issues, Contractor-Larsen & Toubro Ltd., due
December 30, 2025) faces delays in the 132 kV
section. Package III (Barhabise substation, 99%
complete, Guangxi Transmission & Shenzhen
Clou JV, due December 31, 2025) has finished
civil works and equipment installation, awaiting
energization.

62। Nepal Electricity Authority

Barhabise Substation

Final stringing at AP 44/0

1.2 Lapsiphedi and Changunarayan
Substation Construction Project

The Lapsiphedi and Associated Substations
Project, contracted to M/s Larsen and Toubro
Limited, India, in November 2020 with
completion expected by December 2025,
involves constructing a 220/132 kV, 160 MVA
and 132/11 kV, 22.5 MVA GIS substation at
Lapsiphedi, a 132/11 kV, 45 MVA substation at
Changunarayan, upgrading Teku substation to
132/66/11 kV, and adding 132 kV double-circuit
line bays at Suichatar to charge the Suichatar-

Teku line at 132 kV voltage level. These
facilities will evacuate power from IPPs and
Upper Tamakoshi via the Khimti—Barhabise—
Lapsiphedi 400kV transmission line, enhancing
Kathmandu Valley's transmission capability

with increase in reliability and power quality.
Currently, 95% of equipment is delivered,
Changunarayan is nearly complete, Teku and
Suichatar have charged at two phases, and
Lapsiphedi's structural works are done, with the
approach road and boundary wall in progress.

132/11 kV Changunarayan Gas Insulated Substation

1.3 Khimti-Barhabise-Lapsiphedi 400 kV

Substation Project

This project, contracted to M/s Grid Solutions
SAS, France, on October 2, 2020, with
completion time extended to 29 June 2026,
aims to upgrade New Khimti, Barhabise, and
Lapsiphedi substations at 400 kV level to
evacuate clean energy from the Tamakoshi
basin Basin to the INPS. The scope includes
constructing New Khimti 400/220 kV substation
with 2x400 kV line bays and 2 ICT bays with
630 MVA auto-transformers (3 nos. 105 MVA
+ 1 spare), Barhabise 400/220 kV substation
with 4x400 kV line bays, 2 ICT bays for 320
MVA auto-transformers (3 nos. 53.33 MVA + 1
spare), and 1 bay for a 50 MVAR shunt reactor,
and Lapsiphedi 400/220 kV substation with
4x400 kV line bays and 1 ICT bay for 315 MVA
auto-transformers (3 nos.105 MVA + 1 spare).
At New Khimti, civil works, 220/400 kV GIS,
transformer installation, and commissioning
are nearly complete, with charging expected
by August 2025. Barhabise has completed civil
works and transformer/reactor erection, with
GIS and fire-fighting systems underway, aiming

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 \ Na

for charging by November 2025. Lapsiphedi's
civil works are nearly finished, with equipment
stored and charging planned for mid-2026.

400kV GIS Building and Transformer Banks at
New Khimti Substation

1.4 Kathmandu Valley Transmission Capacity
Reinforcement Project (Phase 1)

The project plans to enhance Kathmandu
Valley's grid capacity by constructing three
132/11 kV GIS substations (2x45 MVA each) at
Phutung, Chovar, and Thimi, with the contract
awarded to M/s Pinggao Group Co. Ltd, China.
These substations will improve distribution
reliability, ensure quality power supply, and
address growing demand in the valley's outskirts
while reducing strain on existing substations.
Phutung is slated for completion by September
2025, Chovar by November 2025, and Thimi by
January 2026, but recent flooding and disrupted
Nepal-China road access via Rasuwa may delay
equipment delivery (towers, power cables),
potentially impacting the commissioning
schedule.

Phutung Substation

Nepal Electricity Authority। 63

A 01२ 11 REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

1.5 Kathmandu Valley Transmission Capacity
Reinforcement Project-Phase II

The Kathmandu Valley Transmission Capacity
Reinforcement Project, extension to Phase-l,
aims to enhance grid substation capacity and
alleviate strain on the existing Bhaktapur-
Baneshwor-Patan 66 kV transmission line
by constructing 12 km 132 kV double-circuit
underground cable transmission line from
Bhaktapur substation to a new GIS substation
at Balkumari (2x45 MVA, 132/11 kV; 2x63
MVA, 132/66 kV), with a connection to
Thimi substation and a LILO of the 66 kV line
at Balkumari. KEC International Ltd., India,
is handling the Bhaktapur-to-Thimi 132kV
underground line (4km), with most supply and
installation tasks delivered and remaining work
expected to finish by December 2025. The NEA
has completed the IEE study for the Thimi-to-
Balkumari section, with estimation and bidding
documents in preparation for the Balkumari
substation and remaining 132 kV underground
line, with bids planned for FY. 2025/26.

1.6 Chobhar-Patan-Chapagaun Underground
132 kV Transmission Line Project

The Chobhar-Patan-Chapagaun Underground
132 kV Transmission Line Project plans to
construct a 132/11 kV GIS substation at Patan
with 4.5 km 132 kV double-circuit underground
transmission line from Chobhar to Patan,
featuring 3x45 MVA 132/11 kV and 2x63 MVA
132/66 kV power transformers to interconnect
with the existing 66/11 kV Patan substation.
For the substation, PEB for GIS Hall, earthing
materials, and EoT crane are supplied, power
transformers are at the Nepal border, and
foundations for the control room, GIS Hall, and
transformers are complete, with superstructure
and cable tunnel construction ongoing. For the
transmission line, 5,832 meters of HDPE pipes
and 2,500 meters of PLB duct are delivered to
the site, with 340 meters laid.

1.7 Borang-Lapang-Ratmate 220 kV

Transmission Line Project

This project, estimated to be USS39 million
project, funded by the Government of Nepal
(GoN) and Asian Development Bank (ADB)

64। Nepal Electricity Authority

under the Electricity Grid Modernization
Project (EGMP), aims to enhance Nepal's
power infrastructure by evacuating electricity
generated by Independent Power Producers
(IPPs) in the Budhigandaki and Ankhu River
basins while improving power supply capacity
with increased reliability and quality in Dnading
and Nuwakot Districts. It comprises four key
components: the construction of the Lapang
220/132/33 kV Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS)
Substation, the Borang 132/3 kV Air-Insulated
Switchgear (AIS) Substation, 24 km 132 kV
double-circuit transmission line from Borang to
Lapang using BEAR conductor, and a 24 km 220
kV double-circuit line from Lapang to Ratmate
withtwin MOOSE conductor. Initiatedin 2077/78
(2020/21), the project is slated for completion
by Mangsir 2082 (December 2025). As of Asadh
2082 (June-July 2025), substation layouts for
Lapang and Borang are finalized, and drawings
for switchyard equipment and civil designs
are under review. Land acquisition notices
for transmission line tower construction have
been issued, with compensation distribution
ongoing. Timely completion of design approvals
and land acquisition processes is critical to meet
the deadline, requiring efficient coordination to
address potential delays.

1.8 Marsyangdi Corridor 220 kV Transmission
Line Project

The Marsyangdi Corridor 220 kV Transmission
Line Project, aimed at evacuating approximately
1,600 MW of hydropower from the Marsyangdi
River basin and its tributaries to Nepal's
Integrated Power System, involves constructing
113 km double-circuit 220 kV transmission line
from Dharapani, Manang to New Bharatpur,
Chitwan, via Khudi and Udipur, Lamjung, along
with four associated substations. Funded by the
European Investment Bank (USD95 million),
the Government of Nepal, and Nepal Electricity
Authority (NEA), the project is divided into
three contract packages. The first package
(67 km line from Udipur to Bharatpur) is 86%
complete, with 170 of 200 tower foundations
laid and 150 towers erected. The second
package, involving Udipur and Bharatpur
substations, both complete and operational

since 2024, enhancing local power reliability.
The third package (46 km line from Dharapani
to Udipur and Khudi/Manang substations) is
65% complete, with Khudi substation nearing
completion and  Manang's construction
ongoing. Overall, the project is 73% complete
as of July 2025, targeting completion by FY
2082/83 (2025/26), despite challenges like land
acquisition and right-of-way issues.

Transformer bank of Udipur Substation

1.9 Dandakhet-Rahughat 132 kV Transmission
Line and Associated Substation Project

The Dadakhet-Rahughat 132 kV Transmission
Line Project, located in Myagdi District, Gandaki
Province, aims to improve power supply in the
Dhaulagiri zone and evacuate hydropower from
the Myagdi and Kaligandaki River basins. Funded
by the Government of Nepal (GoN) and Asian
Development Bank (ADB) with a total estimated
cost of NPR 450.69 crore, the project includes a
25 km 132 kV double-circuit transmission line
with CARDINAL conductor and two substations:
a 132/33 kV, 30 MVAAIS substation at Dadakhet
and a 220/132/33 kV, 200 MVA GIS substation at
Rahughat. Awarded to Larsen & Toubro Limited
on 31 December 2021, with a completion date
extended to November 16, 2025, the project
has achieved 79.17% physical progress and
62.03% financial progress. Land acquisition (64
Ropani at Dadakhet, 92 Ropani at Rakhupiple)
and civil works, including staff quarters and
boundary walls, are largely complete. At
Rahughat, 88% of terrace development is done,
and 58 of 78 tower foundations are completed.
Challenges include difficult terrain, landslide

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 \

risks, and delays in forest clearance, impacting
construction timelines.

132 kV Switchyard with CR Building at
Dadakhet Substation

1.10 Kathmandu Valley Substation Automation
Project

The Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) is
advancing a_ transformative project to
modernize the Kathmandu Valley's grid system,
focusing on digitization, automation, and
centralized supervision to ensure a smarter,
more resilient power network. Targeting
thirteen key substations under the Kathmandu
Grid Division, the initiative enables remote
operation from a dedicated Master Control
Centre at Baneshwor Substation. Awarded to
M/S GE Vernova T&D India Limited on 5 January
2020, with a completion target of October 2025,
the project aims to deliver reduced operational
costs through streamlined processes, enhanced
grid reliability with minimized downtime,
extended equipment lifespan via proactive
monitoring, and improved organizational
efficiency through centralized control. By
upgrading critical infrastructure, NEA seeks to
provide uninterrupted, high-quality electricity
to end-users, strengthening the power supply
framework across the Kathmandu Valley.

1.11 Grid Substation
Phase 2

Automation Project

The Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) is also
implementing its Grid Substation Automation
Project Phase-2 to digitize and modernize
power systems by upgrading 39 existing and 15
newly commissioned grid substations outside
Kathmandu Valley, totaling 54 substations,
with a focus on remote control and monitoring.
Funded by the Asian Development Bank under
loan agreement EGMP, the project is managed

Nepal Electricity Authority। 65

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

by the Project Management Directorate, began
in 2078-79 (2021/22) and is set to conclude
by 2082-83 (2025/26). The scope includes
establishing six Master Control Centers (MCCs)
at Duhabi, Dhalkebar, Hetauda, Butwal,
Pokhara, and Attariya Grids, alongwith installing
Substation Automation Systems (SAS), SCADA,
digital surveillance, motorized isolators, pilot
fault detectors, and hot-line communication
systems. Awarded to GE Vernova T&D India
Limited on 19 December 2022, with a 900-day
completion timeline, the project has achieved
80% SCADA installation at substations under
Dhalkebar and Pokhara Grids, with ongoing
work in Hetauda and material procurement
for the remaining grids. Expected to be largely
completed by the end of the current fiscal year,
the project aims to enhance control, enable
preventive maintenance, support remote relay
and bay operations, and improve data collection
for future analysis, ensuring a more reliable and
efficient grid.

1.12 132 kV Transmission
Project

Line Upgrading

NEA is undertaking this project to enhance
the power carrying capacity of key 132 kV
transmission lines, including Dhalkebar—
Hetauda (138km), Suichatar—Matatirtha (4.5
km), Suichatar—Teku (4.5 km), and Suichatar—
Balaju (5 km), by replacing existing ACSR
conductors with High Temperature Low Sag
(HTLS) conductors. This upgrade will improve
transmission capacity at central part of INPS at
132kV voltage level. The contract, signed on 30
May 2022, with M/S HG Power Transmission
SDN BHD, Malaysia, with a 900-day completion
timeline. As of July 2025, upgrading work is
complete from Hetauda to Pilluwa and partially
within the Kathmandu Valley lines, achieving
59.45% physical progress and 56.78% financial
progress. The project's completion within the
remaining timeline will be critical to meeting
Nepal's growing power demands.

1.13 Hetauda-Parwanipur-Pokhariya 132 kV
Transmission Line Project

NEA is executing this project to bolster the
transmission capacity and reliability in Parsa and

66। Nepal Electricity Authority

Bara Districts. The project includes constructing
21.21 km, 132 kV four-circuit transmission line
from Parwanipur to Pokhariya to support future
connections, developing a new 132/33/11 kV
substation at Pokhariya, and extending the
bays at the existing Parwanipur Substation to
meet growing industrial electricity demand.
Additionally, the reconductoring of 17 km 132
kV double-circuit line from Piluwa (Pathlaiya)
to Parwanipur with High Temperature Low
Sag (HTLS) conductor has been completed and
operational since January 2025. Key progress
includes finalized designs for 132 kV four-circuit
towers and approved Initial Environmental
Examination (IEE) with a revised version under
review. Fieldwork for the Pokhariya substation
and Parwanipur bay extension is ongoing,
targeting completion by March 2026, while the
tender evaluation for the Parwanipur-Pokhariya
transmission line is in progress. This project is
pivotal for enhancing transmission efficiency
and supporting industrial growth in the region.

1.14 Pangtan 132 kV Substation Project

The project aims to evacuate around 300
MW of power from nearly 10 Independent
Power Producers (IPPs) in the Balefi Corridor,
Sindhupalchowk district, while enhancing
the local distribution system and supplying
construction power to nearby IPPs. It includes
installing 132/33 kV, 30 MVA, and 33/11
kV, 8 MVA power transformers at Pangtan
substation, along with GIS bay extension works
at the existing 400/220/132 kV Barhabise
substation. Most equipment designs are
finalized, with the majority already supplied
and delivered to the site. Construction of the
approach road, compound wall, fencing, and
protection works is complete, and site grading/
levelling is nearly finished. Major switchyard
protection works are done, and construction of
the control building, staff quarters, and other
significant civil works are ongoing. The contract
for substation construction was signed with
M/S CQNEC-NHE JV, Nepal, on 22 July 2022,
with project completion expected within the
fiscal year 2082/83.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर a y

Pangtang Substation

1.15 Keraun 132 kV Substation Project

The Keraun 132/33 kV Substation Project is
funded by Asian Development Bank under
the loan Electric Grid Modernization Program
(EGMP). Awarded to Energypac Engineering Ltd.
(Bangladesh) and SR Associates Infrastructure
Pvt. Ltd. (India), the contract for designing,
supplying, installing, and commissioning
the substation and associated 33९४ sub-
transmission lines was signed on 11 June
2021, effective from 10 August 2021, with a
deadline of 30 September 2025. The project
aims to strengthen the electricity distribution
network in Morang District's northeastern
region by establishing a substation with 2x63
MVA, 132/3 3kV and 1x22.5 MVA, 132/11 kV
power transformers, and constructing 13.67
km Keraun-Rangeli and 20.94 km Keraun-
Biratchowk 33 kV double circuit lines. Power
will be supplied via a Loop-In Loop-Out
arrangement from the Duhabi—Padajungi 132
kV line.

As of 15 July 2025, civil works, including the
boundary wall, staff quarters, and security post,
are complete. The Keraun—Biratchowk line is
nearly finished, with 100 meters of underground
cable pending, and the Keraun—Rangeli line
awaits 5 km of conductor stringing. Gantries,
33 kV equipment structures, and switchyard
components are installed. Factory acceptance
tests for transformers and control systems
are done, with equipment being transported.
Completion is expected by November 2025.

Keraun 132/33 kV Substation

1.16 Arunkhola (Dumkibas) 132 kV Substation
Project

This project aims to enhance power quality
and reliability in Nawalparasi (Bardaghat Susta-
East) district by constructing a 2x132/33 kV,
30 MVA substation at Tamang Gaun, Vinayi
Triveni Rural Municipality, Ward No. 2, through
a Loop-In Loop-Out arrangement with the
Bardaghat-Sardi 132 kV DC transmission line.
This will supply power to nearby industries and
upcoming 33/11 kV substations, while 11 kV
feeders will shorten existing lengthy feeders
from Bardaghat and Kawasoti substations,
improving voltage and reliability for areas
like Dumkibas, Benimanipur, Arunkhola, and
surrounding households. Funded by Asian
Development Bank, the contract for design,
supply, delivery, and construction was signed
with M/s Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd., India, on
17 October 2022, effective from 16 December
2022.

As of July 2025, finishing works for the control
room, staff quarters, vehicle shed, store, and
boundary wall are ongoing. Equipment and
gantry structure foundations are complete,
and electrical components, including power
transformers, isolators, bus post insulators,
lightning arresters, CVTs, CT/PTs, and earthing
for 132 kV and 33 kV switchyards, are installed.
Control room panels, battery chargers, and
12 kV VCB panels are set up, with testing and
commissioning in progress. The project is
expected to be completed by the end of 2025.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 67

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

33 kV Switchyard

1.17 Ghorahi-Madichaur 132 kV Transmission
Line project

This project seeks to connect Rolpa district to
the national grid and evacuate approximately
300 MW from Independent Power Producers at
Madi Khola and Lungri Khola, including 50 MW
from a solar project near Khungri Substation
in Khungri village, integrating it into the
Interconnected Nepalese Power System.

The project scope includes constructing a 40
km 132 kV double-circuit transmission line
with ACSR CARDINAL from Ghorahi substation
(Dang) to Khungri substation (Rolpa), spanning
Dang, Pyuthan, and Rolpa districts, and building
a 132/33/11 kV, 30 MVA AIS substation at
Khungri, with two 132 kV bay extensions at
Ghorahi.

As of July 2025, land acquisition for Khungri
Substation and tower pads in Rolpa and
Pyuthan is complete, with some disputes
pending in Dang. Civil works, including
boundary walls and protective structures,
are finalized. The transmission line survey
and Initial Environmental Examination § are
complete. The contract was signed with KEC
International Limited, India, on 28 December
2023. Foundations for 55 of 122 towers are
complete, 10 are under construction, and 15
towers are erected. Substation construction is
75% complete, with full completion expected
by fiscal year 2082/83. The project costs USD
20 million.

68। Nepal Electricity Authority

Khungri Substation

Tower Erection at Dang District

1.18 Kohalpur-Nepalgunj 132 kV Transmission
Line Project

The Kohalpur-Nepalgunj Transmission Line
Project (KNTLP), initiated in FY 2075/76
(2018/19) and funded by Asian Development
Bank with an estimated cost of USD 12 million,
aims to enhance power quality and reliability
in Banke district. It involves constructing a
132/33 kV, 2x63 MVA substation at Bakaspur,
Janaki Rural Municipality, by looping in and
out of the existing Kohalpur-Mahendranagar
132 kV DC line near Rangila Chowk, Kohalpur
Municipality, Ward No. 15. The substation
will supply power to Nepalgunj's industrial
sector and nearby 33/11 kV substations, with
two future bays to facilitate power exchange
with India via 50 km double-circuit 132 kV
transmission line from Nanpara, Uttar Pradesh.
The project also includes 9 km double-circuit
132 kV transmission line using ACSR BEAR on
multi-circuit towers. A 30-month contract was

awarded to M/s PowerChina SEPCO1 Electric
Power Construction Co. Ltd., China, on 5 July
2023, effective from 3 September 2023.

As of July 2024, construction of the control
room, guard house, staff quarters, and parking
shed is underway. Switchyard foundation work
for power transformers and lightning arresters
is ongoing, with equipment drawings submitted
for approval. Gantry and support structure
designs are under review. Land acquisition for
tower pads is nearly complete, and multi-circuit
tower designs are being finalized. The project
is expected to be completed by February 2027.

2. Distribution Line and Substation
Department

Projects under Construction

The Distribution Line and Substation

Department (DLSD) under' the _ Project

Management Directorate (PMD) oversees the
implementation of 33 kV and lower voltage
distribution line and substation projects.
Additionally, it manages smart meter initiatives,
data center projects, off-grid solar plants with
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in
Karnali, solar Viability Gap Funding (VGF), and
electric vehicle (EV) charging station projects.

2.1 Distribution System Augmentation and
Expansion Project

The Distribution System Augmentation and
Expansion Project (DSAEP) was initiated to
improve the reliability and efficiency of Nepal's
electricity distribution network, reduce system
losses, and enhance power quality across
the country. The project is divided into three
contract lots, each targeting different regions
with varying scopes.

Lot-1 package focuses on eastern Nepal and
was awarded to M/S A2Z Infra Engineering Ltd.,
India on 15 June 2016. The scope includes the
construction of 13 new 33/11 kV substations,
167 km of 33 kV lines, 197 km of 11 kV lines,
165 km of 400/230 V lines, and the installation
of 150 distribution transformers. So far, 9
substations have been commissioned, adding
67 MVA capacity, along with completion of

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर है Na y

142km of 33 kV, 101 km of 11 kV, and 90 km
of LV lines, and 45 transformers installed. The
remaining work is scheduled for completion by
the end of 2025.

Chisapani Substaion, llam

Lot-2 package covers western Nepal and was
awarded to the same contractor on 15 July
2016. It involves 12 new substations, 181 km of
33 kV, 147 km of 11 kV, 140 km of LV lines, and
182 transformers. To date, 11 substations have
been energized, contributing 63 MVA, with 165
km of 33 kV, 100 km of 11 kV, 67 km of LV lines,
and 55 transformers completed. Completion is
also targeted by end of 2025.

Lot-3 package is a nationwide reinforcement
initiative awarded to M/S East India Udhyog
Ltd., India on 22 February 2016. It includes
upgrading 12 existing substations, constructing
87 km of 33 kV, 342 km of 11 kV, 365 km of LV
lines, and installing 262 transformers. This lot is
complete and already in successful operation.

Khairenitar Substation, Tanahu

2.2 Utility Scale Grid Tied Solar Project

The objective of this project is to support
the development of grid-connected Solar PV
projects in Nepal through Viability Gap Funding
(VGF). The Government of Nepal (GoN) secured
a grant from the Strategic Climate Change

Nepal Electricity Authority। 69

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Fund, administered by the Asian Development
Bank (ADB) under the SASEC Power System
Expansion Project.

In its initial phase, five solar power developers
were selected through a competitive bidding
process, and Power Purchase Agreements
(PPAs) were signed to facilitate the procurement
of solar energy from utility-scale grid-tied solar
power plants totaling 24 MW in capacity. Out
of these, three solar plants, with a combined
Capacity of 11 MW, have already been
commissioned and are currently connected to
the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) grid. The
remaining two projects are in different stages
of development.

2.3 Karnali Solar Energy Project

The purpose of this project is to carry out the
design, engineering, supply, construction,
installation, testing, commissioning, and
operation & maintenance support of solar
PV power plants with Battery Energy Storage
Systems (BESS) in four districts of Nepal: Mugu
(360 kW AC with 2200 MWh BESS), Dolpa (620
kW AC with 2000 MWh BESS), Jumla (950 kW
AC with 3800 MWh BESS), and Humla (995 kW
AC with 3000 MWh BESS).

Comprehensive topographical surveys, geo-
technical investigations, and grid connectivity
assessments have been completed for all four
locations. Both the civil and electrical designs for
each site have also been finalized. Construction
activities have already commenced at the Jumla
site, where work on the guard house, store
house, retaining wall, BESS foundation, and road
alignment is currently underway. Preparations
for civil construction at the remaining three
sites are expected to begin shortly.

2.4 Kathmandu Valley Central and Northern
Distribution System Enhancement Project

The project aims to enhance and rehabilitate
the 11 kV and 0.4 kV distribution systems
primarily in areas served by the Maharajgunj
Distribution Center in the northern region
of Kathmandu Valley. The scope includes the

70। Nepal Electricity Authority

design, supply, installation, and commissioning
of an underground distribution network, along
with necessary system reinforcement under
the Maharajgunj Distribution Center.

A contract agreement was signed with KEI
Industries Limited, India on 15 March 2019.
To date, the project has achieved significant
progress with the completion of approximately
117 km of trenching, 613 km of pipe laying,
210 km of high-tension (HT) cable, 340 km of
low-tension (LT) cable, and installation of 2,441
foundations for feeder panels and RMUs. These
works have been carried out in various locations
including Maharajgunj, Lazimpat, Baluwatar,
Bansbari, Budhanilkantha, Gongabu, Tokha,
Dhumbarahi, Basundhara, and Samakhusi.

However, around 25% of the road section
remains due 10 pending  road-cutting
permissions from the Department of Roads
and local authorities. The project is targeted for
completion by the end of 2025.

Installation of Distribution Transformer for
commissioning of Underground Network.

2.5 Kathmandu Valley East and South
Distribution System Enhancement Project

This project focuses on enhancing and
rehabilitating the 11 kV and 0.4 kV distribution
system with automation in areas under the
Ratnapark Distribution Center. It includes the
design, supply, installation, and commissioning
of an underground network using trenchless
boring technology, along with system
reinforcement. Major works comprise 283 km
of 11 kV XLPE cables, 382 km of 400 V XLPE
cables, 84 km of underground optical fiber, and
upgrading overhead 11 kV lines using AB cables.
The contract was signed with KEI Industries
Ltd., India on 15 March 2019. To date, 282 km
of HT and 360 km of LT cables have been laid
across key areas including Chabahil, Gaushala,

Airport, Tinkune, Panipokhari, Lazimpat,
Koteshwor, Nayabazar, Thamel, Garidhara,
Dhobikhola Corridor, Teku, Tripureswor,

Samakhusi, Lainchaur, Maitidevi, Dillibazaar,
and Putalisadak. Cable laying, pipe installation,
and RMU/panel foundation work continue.
Delays due to COVID-19 and road cutting
permissions have shifted project completion to
end of 2025.and is expected to be completed
by the end of 2025.

Indrachowk Area after dismantling of poles

2.6 Kathmandu Valley West Distribution
System Enhancement Project

This sub-project, under ADB-funded Power
Transmission and _ Distribution System
Strengthening Project (Loan No. 3943-NEP),
aims to upgrade and automate the 11 kV and0.4

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर a y

kV distribution systems in Kirtipur, Kuleshwor,
Baneshwor, Balaju, and Jorpati Distribution
Centers, using trenchless underground cable
technology. It also includes service connection
upgrades in Maharajgunj and Ratnapark areas.

The contract was signed with Larsen & Toubro
Ltd., India on 24 June 2020, and became
effective from 20 December 2020. The
scheduled completion date is 30 June 2026.
Key achievements include the approval of 50
HT feeders and 592 LT distribution designs,
along with ongoing construction across major
locations such as Kalanki to Thankot, Syuchatar,
Chabahil to Ratopul, Baneshwor to Sankhamul,
and Mulpani areas.

Progress highlights include installation of 129
RMUs, 538 feeder pillars, and 1300 service
pillars. Additionally, 600 km of HDPE pipe, 385
km of HT/LT XLPE cables, and 18,000 service
cables have been laid, with 90 RMUs, 280
feeder pillars, 850 service pillars, 225 km of
XLPE cable, and 5,000 service cables already
energized. Several UG = sections including
Jadibuti-Manohara and Balkhu—Soaltee
have been completed and are now supplying
electricity to NEA consumers.

F
Agee a Made ARO रगत

HDPE pipe laying using HDD machine

2.7 Lalitpur Bhaktapur Distribution System
Reinforcement Project

This project aims to modernize and enhance
the power distribution system in the Lagankhel,
Pulchowk, Bhaktapur, and Thimi Distribution
Centers through infrastructure rehabilitation

Nepal Electricity Authority। 71

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

and advanced automation. Key components
include construction of 120 ckm underground
11 kV lines, 100 ckm of underground 400 V
lines, and 120 km of underground optical
fiber for automation. Additionally, 100 ckm
of 11 kV and 120 km of 400 V overhead lines
are being upgraded using AB cables. 200 Ring
Main Units (RMUs) are being installed to boost
system reliability, fault isolation, and service
restoration.

Funded via an ADB concessional loan under
the SASEC Power Transmission and Distribution
System Strengthening Project, the contract was
awarded to TATA Projects Ltd., India on 4 June
2021, effective from 9 September 2021, shall
end on December 8, 2025.

Achievements to date include completion
of network surveys, consumer indexing, soil
investigations, civil material testing, and
foundation design approvals. HT and LT network
design for Bhaktapur and Lalitpur is complete.
70% of underground network erection in

Bhaktapur and 3% in Lalitpur is done. The
project has achieved 65.5% physical and 45.3%
financial progress, with over 60% of materials
delivered. Despite right-of-way and approval
delays, the project remains on track, paving
the way for a smarter, more resilient grid in the
Kathmandu Valley.

RMU Commissioning at Bhaktapur

72। Nepal Electricity Authority

2.8 Pokhara Bharatpur Distribution System
Reinforcement Project

The Pokhara—Bharatpur Distribution System
Reinforcement Project (PBDSRP), funded by
the Asian Development Bank under the SASEC
Power Transmission and Distribution System
Strengthening Project, aims to modernize
and automate the 33 kV, 11 kV, and 0.4 kV
distribution systems in Pokhara and Bharatpur.
The contract, awarded to TATA Projects Ltd.
(India) on 6 October 2021. Key achievements
include laying over 140 km HDPE and 35 km
PLB pipes, 106 km of HT & LT cables, 541 civil
foundations, and 450 RMUs & LT Feeder Pillars
in Pokhara. Over 50% of cables in 11 UG feeders
are already energized. In Bharatpur, 152 km
HDPE and 43 km PLB pipes, 31 km of 33 KV,
and 79 km of 11 kV & LT cables have been laid,
with 365 foundations and 317 RMUs & Feeder
Pillars installed; 5 UG feeders are charged. With
overall progress at 65%, most of the work in
both regions is on track for completion within
the year 2025/26.

HDPE laying with HDD machine in Pokhara

a

LT Feeder Pillar foundation in Pokhara

Electrification and Distribution

2.9 Rural
System Rehabilitation Project in Province
No.2 (Madhesh Province)

This project plans sustainable energy access in
Province No. 2 (Madesh Pradesh) by enhancing
and reinforcing distribution networks. The
project encompasses the construction of
ten new 33/11 kV substations, along with 33
kV, 11 kV, and low-voltage distribution lines,
plus rehabilitation of existing infrastructure
across eight districts: Siraha, Saptari, Dhanusa,
Mahottari, Sarlahi, Rautahat, Bara, and Parsa.

Awarded to M/s Tata Projects Limited on March
17, 2021, the project is divided into five lots:

Lot-1 covers six new substations and 65
km of 33 kV lines in Saptari, Siraha, and

Dhanusa. Birendrabazar — substation is
operational; Mahendranagar and Nagrain
are nearly completed; remaining three

substations (Pansera, Sarlahi, Lohana) are
under construction, targeting completion by
September 2025.

Lot-2 includes four substations and 226 km of
33 kV lines across Mahottari, Sarlahi, Rautahat,
Bara, and Parsa. Bardibas substation is charged;
Manara substation is nearly completed and
tested; Dokaila and Manpur are in progress.
Several underground and _ overhead lines
totaling approximately 86.5 km are operational
or under construction, with completion
expected this fiscal year.

Lot-3 involves 250 km of 11 kV and 320 km
of 400/230 V lines plus installation of 170
distribution transformers in Saptari and Siraha.
Approximately 5,500 PSC poles supplied; 40 km
of line erected and strung.

Lot-4 targets 360 km of 11 kV and 350 km
of 400/230V lines, and 175 transformers
in Dhanusha, Mahottari, and Sarlahi, with
5,000 PSC poles supplied and 30 km of lines
completed.

Lot-5 focuses on 340 km of 11 kV and 330 km
of 400/230 V lines, and 175 transformers in
Rautahat, Bara, and Parsa. About 2,000 PSC
poles supplied; 30km of lines completed.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर है हक y

Equipment Testing at Manara SS

2.10 Distribution System Control and Data
Center Project

The Distribution System Control and Data
Center Project (DSCDCP), part of the Electricity
Grid Modernization Project (EGMP), focuses
on developing advanced control systems—
including SCADA, Distribution Management
System (DMS), and Outage Management System
(OMS)—for Kathmandu Valley's underground
electricity network, alongside establishing
a Tier-lll international standard Data Center
for Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA). Located
at NEA's Syuchatar Substation, the project
contract was signed with M/S Yantai Donfang
Wisdom Electric Co. Ltd, China, in July 2021 and
construction began in November 2021.

The project integrates 30 Remote Terminal
Units (RTUs) across Kathmandu's 24
distribution substations and selected sites in
Kavrepalanchowk, Pokhara, and Chitwan, with
installations completed at 17 locations. SCADA/
DMS/OMS enables remote monitoring, control,
and outage management via an optical fiber
ring network supported by a 4G GPRS backup,
ensuring reliable communication.

NEA's new Tier-IIl Data Center features 40 racks
housed in prefabricated containers, including
Network and Security Operations Centers and
Building Management Systems, equipped with
robust cooling, power, and security systems.
The facility centralizes NEA's data processing,
storage, and IT infrastructure, supporting
ongoing projects like GIS Smart Grid and smart
metering systems.

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A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Inaugurated in June 2024, the Data Center is
fully operational, with the Distribution Control
Center commencing operations in June 2025.
The project is near completion, with SCADA

2.11 Institutional Strengthening Project (ISP)

The Institutional Strengthening Project (ISP)
aims to modernize NEA's operational functions
through the adoption of advanced IT tools.
The project supports the enhancement of
management decision-making and operational
efficiency through the implementation of key
digital systems. Funded by Asian Development
Bank (ADB) under the Electricity Grid
Modernization Project - Additional Financing
(EGMP-AF), ISP focuses on three major
components: (i) Supply and Installation of a
Revenue Management System (RMS), (ii) Supply
and Installation of an ERP-based Integrated
Financial Management Information System
(IFMIS), and (iii) Engagement of a Project
Management Consultant (PMC) to oversee
implementation activities.

The RMS package has been contracted to M/s
LongShine Technology Group Co. Ltd, China,
and commenced on 12 March 2023. Major
milestones including requirements gathering,
system customization, data cleansing, and
installation of IT infrastructure at NEA's Data
Center in Syuchatar have been completed. The

74। Nepal Electricity Authority

software active and ongoing DMS/OMS
implementation, marking a major milestone
in NEA's digital transformation 3910 grid
modernization efforts.

Distribution System Control and Data Center Building at Siuchatar, Kathmandu

project is now preparing for the Pilot Go-Live
phase of the RMS.

Improved
Financial
Management

Objective of
IFIMS at NEA

Standard
Business
Process and
Best
Practices

Efficient
maintenance
Planning

Project Objectives

The ERP-based IFMIS aims to establish an
integrated platform for data collection,
analysis, and enterprise-wide information
sharing to address core business challenges.
Key objectives include standardizing business
processes, enhancing financial management,
improving data security, enabling real-time
reporting, and supporting well-informed, data-
driven decisions across the organization.

The Project Management Consultant, M/s
Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP, is currently
assisting NEA in budgeting and RFP preparation
for IFMIS and supervising the implementation of
the RMS. ISP represents a strategic step toward
NEA's digital transformation and operational
excellence.

3. Social Safeguard and _ Environment
Management Department (SSEMD)

Social Safeguard and Environment
Management Department (SSEMD) under
Project Management Directorate (PMD) was
established on 23 February 2021 with the
objective of safeguards implementation and
compliance monitoring of projects implemented
by PMD. The department is headed by a director
and supported by dedicated environmentalists,
sociologists, civil engineers, administrative, and
other support staff.

Major interventions of SSEMD

1. Environmental studies and Monitoring
(internal and external), Mitigation and
Reporting of Safeguard activities of
Transmission Line (TL), Substation (SS)
and Distribution System Projects and
implementation of Community Support
Programs (CSP) under the PMD.

2. Preparation of Quarterly and Semiannual
Environmental and = Social Monitoring
reports and submission to ADB

3. Arrange meaningful Public Consultation,
Public Hearing, Trainings and Awareness
Programs,

4. Ensure information records and data base
of the safeguard implementation activities,

5. Implementation of Gender Equality and
Social inclusion (GESI) related activities

6. Grievance redress and management (issue
identification, documentation and status)

7. Other Environmental and Social Issues with
RAP and rehabilitation.

Works completed by the department in FY
2024/25

e Third party External Social Monitoring and
Evaluation Reports of SASEC-PSEP and
PTDEEP completed and submitted to ADB

e Establishment of five Environmental and

PROJECT MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

Social Management Unit (ESMU) at project
sites of EGMP and EGMP-AF projects and
mobilization of Environmental and Social
safeguard officers.

Safeguard Implementation and Mitigation
Measures of Tanahun Rural Electrification
Project completed as per the MoU with the
project

Skill development (Light vehicle and
Electrical House Wiring) trainings for project
affected families and Non-Timber Forest
Products (NTFP) training to project affected
Community Forests of Dadakhet-Rahughat
132 kV TL project (DRTLP) completed

Citrus farming training and Awareness on
GESI and Safe and Efficient Use of Electricity
to PAF of Ghorahi-Madichaur 132 kV TL
project (GMTLP) conducted

Placement of Hoarding boards in DRTLP,
GMTLP, Kohlpur-Nepalgunj 132 kV TL project
(KNTLP), Chobhar-Patan Underground 132
kV TL project (CPUTLP) and Bhaktapur- Thimi
132 kV Underground TL project (BTULP)

Light vehicle training in KNTLP, 8101
project conducted

Mason training and Awareness on GESI
and Safe and Efficient Use of Electricity to
PAF of Borang —Naubise-Ratmate 220 kV TL
project (BNRTLP)

Awareness program conducted on Safe
and Efficient Energy Use in GMTLP, KNTLP
Pangtang Dumkibas S/S under EGMP and
EGMP-AF projects

Smart metering training to women electrical
engineers under Power Transmission and
Distribution Efficiency Enhancement Project
(PTDEEP) and Customer Service training
under EGMP project conducted

Pangolin Management Action Plan for
Dumkibas S/S implemented

Safeguard Readiness Report for Nijgadh-
Ramauli 400 kV TL and Dailekh-Kalikot-Jumla
132 kV TL of SASEC- Electricity Transmission
and Distribution Strengthening Project
(ETDSP) prepared and submitted to ADB

Environmental and _ Social safeguards
monitoring works and mitigation programs
of different subprojects of EGMP and EGMP-
AF are in process of implementation.

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A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

DIRECTORATE

he Business Development Directorate,

headed by the Deputy Managing Director,

manages energy efficiency, loss reduction,
power trading, and renewable energy studies. It
consists of two departments—Energy Efficiency
and Loss Reduction, and Power Trade—each
led by a director, as well as the Company
Management Division and Business Promotion
Division. Administrative functions are handled
by the Administration Section.

l. Energy Efficiency and Loss Reduction
Department

The Energy Efficiency and Loss Reduction
Department is dedicated to carrying out a
range of activities aimed at improving the
efficiency of both supply and demand sides of
electricity distribution system. This department
has been actively participating, supporting
and collaborating with other Government
organizations, NGOs and INGOs in developing
and implementing energy efficiency policies and
programs for the Government. Additionally, the
department undertakes various tasks related
to data collection, analysis, and reduction
of technical and non-technical losses. These
endeavors are being executed through three
divisions.

A. Energy Efficiency Division
Smart Street Light Projects

National Street Lighting Promotion Project
(NSLPP) under Energy Efficiency Division
has been actively working to modernize and
automate public street lighting infrastructure
across various local bodies in Nepal. The
initiative aims to replace outdated, inefficient

76। Nepal Electricity Authority

and manually operated street lighting systems
with automated and energy-efficient smart
street lights. This move is critical not only to
enhance night time mobility and public safety
but also to support night-time economic
activities and improve the urban aesthetics.
Under the purview of the National Street Light
Promotion Project, successful completion and
operation of Smart Street Light projects have
been achieved in Bharatpur Metropolitan
City, Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Lalitpur
Metropolitan City, Pokhara Metropolitan
City, Dhangadhi Sub Metropolitan City,
Belaka Municipality, Bhimdutta Municipality,

Completed Smart Street Lights Project

— N
> S

Municipality,। Budhanilkantha

Bhimeshwor
Municipality, Kanakai Municipality, Mahalaxmi

Municipality, Manthali Municipality, Phidim
Municipality, Siddharthanagar Municipality,
Sunapati Rural Municipality and Arniko Highway
(Tinkune-Suryabinayak).

This project is uniquely structured as a jointly
funded initiative between NEA and different
local bodies and institutions, reflecting a strong
spirit of inter-agency collaboration. NEA is
responsible for the end-to-end execution of
the project—from procurement and technical
supervision for installation and quality
assurance—ensuring that all works adhere to
defined standards and specifications. Once
installation is complete, the operation of the
street lighting systems will be formally handed
over to the respective local bodies, empowering
them to manage the system locally while
receiving continued technical support from
NEA.

To ensure the long-term functionality and
performance of the systems, the project
includes:

e ४ five-year warranty on the _ installed

equipment.

e An Annual Maintenance Contract (AMC)
managed by the contractor, in close
coordination with NEA and local authorities.

This collaborative model not only ensures a
robust and high-quality infrastructure from the
outset but also guarantees sustained
performance and reliability through proactive
maintenance throughout its lifecycle.

Ongoing Smart Street Lights Project
Project Location Smart Street। Mast Lighting
Lights (nos) nos

Bharatpur Il 3740
Street Lights Project Tender 1* 3622

Street Lights Project Tender

2 2K

Ring Road- Lalitpur 1262
* Lalitpur, Kirtipur, Madhyapur Thimi, Tokha, Mahalaxmi, TU
Kirtipur, Godawari, Ratnanagar

11431

** Dhangadhi, Baglung, Barahathawa, Galyang, Resunga,
Sainamaina, Sworgadwari, Samudayik Chikitsalaya (Nawalpur),
Kanchan, Kohalpur, Khaniyabas, Ruru, Musikot, Chhatradev,
Siddarthanagar

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '

So far, 11,817 smart streetlights and 56 Mast
lights have been installed in 16 local bodies in
Nepal. The scale of this rollout demonstrates
the importance and impact of the project
nationwide.

Currently, NEA has been conducting several
street light projects with project site scattered
in the local bodies with a target of installation
of additional 11,431 smart streetlights and 255
mast lights.

Upon the request of several other local bodies,
the project has been doing the initial survey,
estimate and design of the project and also
preparing documents for supply/installation
of smart street lights accordingly. Apart from
this, the project has also been conducting
several design related research on facade and
architectural lighting for monumental and

historical places of Nepal.

High Mast Lighting in Lalitpur

Nepal Electricity Authority। 77

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Public Charging Station:

A Public Charging Station (PCS) may only be
commissioned after the electrical and network
components have been thoroughly examined
and certified as adequate by qualified
inspectors or technical personnel. For the
continued operation and management of such
stations, one or more engineers authorized
by NEA—either from the NEA itself or a third-
party agency accredited by the NEA—must
be formally designated. Under the current
legal provision, Energy Efficiency and Loss
Reduction Department is entrusted with the
responsibility of inspecting and verifying the
technical suitability of public electric vehicle
charging station. In the current fiscal year, the
department has facilitated the installation of
approximately 750 public charging stations
through coordination with various DCS offices.

It has been proposed that the approval and
recommendation process for public charging
stations be decentralized through NEA's
provincial offices. This means that any company,
institution, firm, or individual intending to
establish a PCS will be able to seek and obtain
direct approval from the respective NEA
provincial office. Following successful technical
inspection and verification, the provincial office
will issue a letter of recommendation to the
concerned DCS for further action. Based on
this, the DCS will initiate the construction of the
required High Tension (HT) line, arrange for the
installation of a transformer up to 200 kVA, and
provide a Time-of-Day (TOD) energy meter at
the PCS site, in accordance with the specified
demand.

Public Charging Station in Bardha Portha, Saptari

78। Nepal Electricity Authority

Public Charging Station in Butwal, Rupandehi

B. Loss Reduction Division

Electricity Loss Reduction Division is one of
the focal component of Energy Efficiency and
Loss Reduction Department for electricity loss
reduction monitoring. This division is conducting
activities like random as well as planned
inspection of energy meters and field raid
operation wherever and whenever required.
Division is dedicated towards supporting
additional revenue generation by controlling
electricity theft, pilferage, tampering, demand
leakage, CT/PT outage, and loss due to
oversized transformers in LT consumer, wrong
MEF calculation and energy meter connection.
It also conducts data download and analysis
of TOD meters of Distribution Centers in co-
ordination with TOD section.

The division is assigned for the following tasks;

e Preparing Energy Losses Standards within
NEA business

e Inter Branch Metering

e Calibration of Metering Units

e Identification of technical losses within NEA
Business and corrective Actions

० (1055 checking/Inspection of
Consumption consumers

High

Hooking in Lahan DC

Hooking from Street light

In Fiscal Year 2081/082, the division had
carried out inspection of 629 number of energy
meters which includes single phase electro-
mechanical/digital meter, three phase whole
current/digital meters and TOD Meters under
various provincial offices. Focus has been given
to high energy consumption consumers.

C. Safety Management Division

To address rising incidents related to unsafe
electrical operations, negligence, and lack of
public awareness, NEA is to initiate a dedicated
safety enhancement program under the Safety
Management Division (recently formed under
the Business Development Directorate). The
goal is to protect NEA infrastructure at multiple
tiers or levels and reduce casualties among field
staff and the general public through structured
safety guidelines, capacity building, and public
outreach.

In this fiscal year (2082/83), NEA will:

० Develop comprehensive electrical safety
standards and guidelines based on national
and global practices (CEA India, OSHA, IEC).

० Development of trainers by participating in
different national and international training
related to electrical safety

० Launch training programs for safety officers,
engineers, and field technicians by trainer/
trainers.

e The safety programs are not only limited to
personnel but also NEA's facilities

० Conduct public awareness campaigns in
high-risk areas, schools, and the public.

e Conduct pilot public engagement program

Photo showing Loss reduction activities carried out by Electricity Loss Reduction Division in Madhesh Province

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 «3;

:

e Perform a PPE and safety equipment audit
and recommend upgrades.

० Monitorand evaluate safety implementation
in select divisions.

This initiative is aligned with NEA's commitment
to safety-first operations.

ll. Power Trade Department

Power Trade Department oversees the trading
of electric power in both domestic and across
the border. It serves as the main interface
of NEA with Independent Power Producers
(IPPs) for handling their applications for Power
Purchase Agreement (PPA). The department's
functions are categorized into three main areas:
processing and signing of PPAs, administration
of PPAs before and after commercial operation
begins.

In the fiscal year under review, several reforms
were introduced to streamline and increase
transparency in the PPA application process.
Applications are processed sequentially based
on pre-defined criteria. This involves stages
such as document screening, technical review,
grid impact studies leading to grid connection
agreements, preparation and _ negotiation
of PPA drafts, seeking approval from NEA
management, approval from the Electricity
Regulatory Commission (ERC), 806 finally,
signing the PPA.

In FY 2081/82, a total of 434.125 MW of power
was connected to the national grid. PPAs were
signed for 932.031 MW from 31 hydropower
projects and 170 MW from 8 solar projects. The
status of Energy Mix for signed and processing
PPAs as of FY 2081/82 is as detailed below:

Nepal Electricity Authority। 79

FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

A YEAR IN REVIEW

PROR

PPA Signed

Installed
Capacity

PPA Processing

Installed
Capacity

PROR

To promote fairness and transparency in the
PPA for Solar Power Projects, NEA has, in recent
years, adopted a tariff-based competitive
bidding mechanism for procuring power from
grid-connected solar PV projects. In FY 2081/82,
NEA selected 63 projects with a combined
installed capacity of 960 MW through this
competitive approach. Of these, PPAs have
been signed for 8 projects totaling 170 MW in
the current fiscal year. The remaining PPAs are
expected to be signed in the upcoming FY.

Since May 1, 2021, Nepal has been actively
participating in the Indian Power Exchange
(IEX), facilitating both import and export of
electricity. On November 3, 2021, Nepal began

power exports to India through NTPC Vidhyut
Vyapar Nigam (NVVN) via Indian Energy
Exchange (IEX).

NEA has signed two medium-term agreements
with NVVN for supplying 200 MW under each
agreement to Haryana Discoms for 5 years.
Additionally, NEA has another medium-term
agreement for supplying up to 200 MW to Bihar
State Power Holding Co. Ltd. via Nepal-Bihar's
132 kV transmission infrastructure for 3 years
(extendable up to 5 years).

This FY, a significant milestone was set as NEA,
NVVN and Bangladesh Power Development
Board (BPDB) signed a Tripartite Agreement
for the sale of 40 MW of power from Nepal to
Bangladesh through Indian Territory. Under the
landmark agreement, 40 MW of power has been
successfully flowing from Nepal to Bangladesh
through Dhalkebar — Mujaffarpur— Baharampur
— Bheramara transmission network.

Significant progress was also noted in Cross
Border Power Trade during FY 2081/82, with
approved export quantum reaching 936.72 MW
to date. Details are provided in the table below:

Status of Approval for Sale of Power to India and Bangladesh

Approved Quantum
(MW)

451.62 Dhalkebar-Mujaffarpur, 400 kV TL
70.00 Tanakpur-Mahendranagar, 132 kV TL

375.10

Indian Power Exchange Market
(DAM/RTM)

Medium Term Bilateral Agreement

(Nepal and India) 15

Medium Term Bilateral Agreement
(Nepal and Bangladesh)

Tota 28
Business Promotion Division

Established in April, 2024 under the Business

Development Directorate, the Business
Promotion Division focuses on:
a. Commercializing NEA land
b. Commercializing transmission and

distribution lines

c. Internet, cable carrier, and data center
businesses

80। Nepal Electricity Authority

TL Network

Dhalkebar-Mujaffarpur, 400 kV TL;
Bihar/UP-Nepal 132 kV TLs

40.00 Dhalkebar-Mujaffarpur, 400 kV TL;

936.72

d. Providing consulting services by expert
personnel

e. Reviewing and exploring optical fiber, cable
net, and advertisement businesses

f. Ensuring regulatory compliance in related
areas

g. Studying, executing, monitoring, and

evaluating hydrogen development

Exploring new business opportunities and
innovations

D. Company Management Division

Established in April, 2024 under the Business
Development Directorate, the Company
Management Division oversees coordination
and monitoring between NEA and its subsidiary
companies involved in power generation,
transmission and trade. To date, NEA has 18
subsidiary companies.

1. CHILIME
LIMITED

HYDROPOWER COMPANY

Chilime Jalavidyut Company Limited (CHCL)
was incorporated in 1995 as the first subsidiary
company of NEA with the objective of
hydroelectricity generation through optimal
utilization of resources available within the

Public Share 4o%

Creneral Public

Project Adlected
Locals।] 7709

Finplovee off
MEA and CHL
रोदन

[

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2 है Na y

country.

CHCL owns and operates a power plant
with 22.1 MW installed capacity which was
commissioned on August 25, 2003 and is
located in Rasuwa District. Nepal Electricity
Authority holds majority ownership with 51%
shareholding and remaining 49% shareholding
is from general public including 10% equity
ownership of project affected local people. The
shares of the Company are listed and traded
on the Nepal Stock Exchange Limited (NEPSE).
The detailed initial structure of Equity of CHCL
is as below. However, the 19th AGM passed
the resolution to merge the different groups
into two groups namely Promoter (NEA) and
General Public Group.

Promoter Share 51%

Sepal Eleetricihy
Amth arity
उ।79

Share Structure

With the objective of further development
of hydropower, CHCL has invested in other
hydroelectric projects through four hydropower
companies namely Sanjen Jalavidhyut Company
Ltd. (SJCL), Madhya Bhotekoshi Jalavidhyut
Company Ltd. (61८), Rasuwaghadi
Hydropower Company Ltd. (RGHPCL), Chilime
Seti Hydropower Company Ltd. (CSHC) and
one consulting company namely Chilime
Engineering & Services Companies Ltd.
(ChesCo). ChesCo is carrying out the feasibility
study of three proposed hydroelectric projects
having the total capacity of 219 MW.

Similarly, CHCL successfully completed the
construction of its own office building named
as Chilime Tower at Dhumbarahi, Kathmandu

and has started operation of corporate office
from Chilime Tower from June 15, 2025.

2. UPPER TAMAKOSHI HYDROPOWER
LIMITED
Upper Tamakoshi Hydropower Limited

(UTKHPL) was established on 09 March 2007
as a subsidiary of NEA for the construction and
operation of Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric
Project. The Project was completed and
commissioned successfully in 2021 utilizing
domestic financial resources. The promoter
shares (51%) of the company belong to Nepal
Electricity Authority, Nepal Telecom, Citizen
Investment Trust and Rastriya Jeevan Beema
Company Ltd. with stakes of 41%, 6%, 2% and

Nepal Electricity Authority। 81

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

2% shares respectively. The remaining 49%
shares is held by general public.

Upper Tamakoshi Hydropower Plant (UTKHPP):

UTKHPP, one of the national pride project of
Nepal, is located in Bigu Rural Municipality,
Ward No.1 of Dolakha district in Bagmati
Province of Nepal. The Plant is a daily peaking
run-of-the river project with installed capacity
456 MW with alive storage volume sufficient for
four hours daily peaking operation in the driest
month with average annual energy generation
of 2,281 GWh with the available gross head of
822 m and design discharge of 66 m3/s. The
Commercial operation of Plant was achieved on
20th August, 2021 (4th Bhadra, 2078).

Major Natural Disaster and Power Generation:

UTKHPP encountered a severe disaster in the
fiscal year 2081/82 due to intense flooding
and landslides at the Headworks site on 12th
Asoj, 2081 (27th September, 2024). The
incident caused significant damage to critical
infrastructure, including desander basins, the
Box Culvert, Surface control room, access roads,
and 220 kV transmission tower. Tragically, the
event claimed the lives of two plant employees
and two security personnel.

As a result, power generation was completely
halted from the evening of 27th September,
2024, leading to an 88 days complete Plant
shutdown. Restoration works were initiated
immediately and the Left Settling Basin was
repaired and brought back into operation of the
Plant with partial generation resumed on 9th of
Poush 2081 (25th December 2024). However,
the Right Settling Basin and Box Culverts remain
partially damaged. Currently, the Right Settling
Basin is operating ina limited capacity under RoR
mode after temporary structural management.
Full-scale repair works are planned to resume
after the current monsoon season, with the aim
of restoring full supply and peaking operation
capability.

The disaster caused huge financial impact
to the company at around 2 billion, and
insurance claims have been submitted to cover
damages to civil structures, electromechanical
equipment and loss of profit. Full rehabilitation

82। Nepal Electricity Authority

of the damaged structures is expected to be
completed within FY 2082/83.

Despite this disruption, the plant successfully
generated a total of 1,529.07 GWh of energy
in fiscal year 2081/82. However, the delivered
energy in the fiscal years 2080/81 and 2079/80
were 2,058.36 GWh and 1,945.83 GWh
respectively. The Plant is supplying maximum
power of 456 MW in the peak time of morning
and evening even in the dry season, and has
contributed to the country's power sector by
enabling substantial reduction of the power
import from India.

Rolwaling Khola Hydroelectric Project (RKHEP):

As the second stage development of UTKHEP,
the Company is implementing Rolwaling Khola
Hydroelectric Project (RKHEP) having installed
capacity of 22 MW. The Company obtained
generation license on 3rd April, 2023 whereas
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report
was approved on 19th June, 2022.

Apart from 105 GWh of annual energy generated
from this power plant itself, additional 213
GWh of annual energy will be generated
from UTKHPP by using the tailwater of RKHEP
during the season when the river discharge of
Tamakoshi River gets below 66m3/sec. which
will enhance energy of UTKHPP and increase
peaking hours from 4 hours to 6 hours even in
the dry season.

RKHEP is located in Bigu and Gaurishankar Rural
Municipalities, Dolakha district. The headworks
and intake lie in Gaurishankar Rural Municipality
that is 6.5 km north east of UTKHEP powerhouse
at Gongar. The powerhouse is located in Bigu
Rural Municipality, Lamabagar village on the
left bank of Tamakoshi River.

The agreement for the single package EPC
Construction of the project was signed with
the Contractor SSCE-High Himalaya JV on 4th
November, 2022. The Contractor has completed
excavation of 900 m of Headrace Tunnel,
around 350 m of Main Access Tunnel, 414 m of
Adit tunnel-2, 700 m Diversion Tunnel, 215 m of
tailrace Tunnel, 98 m of Tailrace Adit tunnel and
approx. 40 m of Powerhouse Cavern.

Since there is no road access to the headworks
and other work front, construction equipment
were airlifted. Portal Excavation of the Adit-
1, Mule Track Construction, camp area
development and Track Opening of connecting
Road from Campareato the Adit-1 Portal has also
been completed. Ropeway for transportation
of the construction materials at Adit-1 area and
infrastructures is under construction. The winch
with pay load of 500 kg capacity and approx.
1490m long is already in operation from Kabhre
Cliff near road tunnel to Rikhu village. Kabhre
is one of the end stations of this winch which
is accessible by Singati - Lamabagar Road.
Survey and design of the Gongar - Lamabagar
33 kV Double Circuit Transmission line is in the
final design stage. A total of 125 ropanis land
required for this project have also been acquired
till date. Land acquisition for the Transmission
line is yet to be processed.

3. TAMAKOSHI
LIMITED

JALVIDHYUT COMPANY

Tamakoshi V Hydroelectric Project (TKVHEP),
developed by Tamakoshi Jalvidhyut Company
Limited (TKJVC), is a cascade development of
the Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric project
(UTKHEP) developed by Upper Tamakoshi
Hydropower Limited, and operates in tandem
with it. The project is situated in Bigu Rural
Municipality, Dolakha District, Bagmati
Province. The road connecting Singati Bazaar
and Lamabagar, which was constructed for
UTKHEP passes through both the powerhouse
and headwork sites of this project. Feasibility
study of the project was carried out by NEA in
the FY 2010/11. The project being a cascade
development to UTKHEP, it takes necessary
design discharge from the tailrace of the UTKHEP
through an underground _ inter-connection
arrangement and conveys to headrace tunnel.
An underground powerhouse is proposed at
Suri Dovan. The design discharge of the project
is 66 m3/sec and has installed capacity of 99.8
MW. The project is expected to generate about
543 GWh energy annually.

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर" है हक y

Project Activities
a. Environmental Concerns

The updated the Environmental Management
Plan (EMP) Report of the project was approved
on 2081/05/19 by Ministry of Forest and
Environment (MoFE). The project has submitted
a request for public land utilization and tree
cutting approval from the concerned ministry
through DoED. The process is on the verge of
completion.

b. Construction Activities

Lot 1: Contract for Civil Works and Hydro-
mechanical Equipment was awarded to the
Contractor Sinohydro-KSNS JV, China on
2081/01/28. The following are the ongoing list
of activities under Lot 1.

A. Preparatory Works

The construction of contractor's camp near
headworks and powerhouse area; Bunker near
the headworks area as well as the construction
and installation of Batching and Crusher Plant
has been completed.

Permanent Camp Facility

B. Temporary Works

e The construction of Access Road to Adit-2
and Adit-4; to Main Access Tunnel (MAT),
Cable & Ventilation Tunnel (CVT) has been
completed.

e The excavation of Adit-1 and the Connecting
Tunnel to the Spillway has been completed,
while the excavation of Adit-2 and Adit-4 is
54% and 58% complete, respectively.

e The construction of Bailey Bridge over
Tamakoshi River near Adit-2 has been

Nepal Electricity Authority। 83

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

completed and the Bailey Bridge over
Tamakoshi River near Adit-3 is under
construction

C. Permanent Works

० 64% Excavation completion of the
connecting tunnel to the Headpond
structure and 30% completion of the first-
layer excavation of the Headpond structure.

० 61% of the tunnel excavation to the
Transformer Cavern (TRC) and 23% of the
tunnel to the Horizontal Pressure Shaft have
been completed.

० The MAT and CVT excavations are nearing
completion, with progress at 96% and 82%,
respectively.

c. Procurement Activities

The tender document for Lot 2 ie.
Electromechanical and _ Transmission Line
Works, which was floated on 2081/02/17 was
cancelled due to overpriced bidding by the
bidder. The cost upgradation work is ongoing.

d. Physical and Financial Progress

Physical progress includes land acquisition,
infrastructure development (access road, camp
facility, construction power, etc.), construction
of hydraulic structures (headworks, tunnel,
surge tank, powerhouse, tailrace, etc.), hydro-
mechanical works, electromechanical works,
transmission line construction, etc. The overall
construction progress of the project till the end
of FY 2081/82 is about 15.34%.

The estimated construction cost of the project
is about NRs. 21,139,582,958.00. The finance
of the project is managed by the tripartite loan
agreement between TKJVC, NEA and EPF. The
debt equity ratio for construction is 65:35. The
overall project expenditure at the end of FY
2081/82 is about NRs. 2,74,95,78,950.00. The
overall financial progress of the project at the
end of FY 2081/82 is about 12.47%. Financial
and physical progress of the project for FY
2081/82 as per the target is 80.53% and 80.43%
respectively.

4. CHILIME SETI HYDROPOWER COMPANY

84। Nepal Electricity Authority

Chilime Seti Hydropower Company (CSHC) was
established on August 18, 2022, as an associate
of Chilime Hydropower Company Limited. The
main promoter, Chilime Hydropower Company
Limited (CHCL) is primarily owned by NEA,
holding a substantial 51% shares. CSHC was
formed with the objective of developing the
Seti Nadi-3 Hydroelectric Project (SN3HEP)
having an installed capacity of 87MW, located
in Bajhang District of Sudurpashchim Province.
The Department of Electricity Development
(DoED) has granted a Generation License in FY
2081/082.

Share structure:

Share Structure

ry -_

E र

[नो

् Z

5 2
Prete brane [1a Budda tyre Gey

Promoter Share: NEA holds 10% and CHCL
holds 41%, including 5% allocated to the
Sudurpaschhim Provincial Government and 5%
to the Local Levels of Bajhang District. Once
confirmed, CSHC will release these shares
accordingly.

Public Share: The public share _ portion
constitutes 49%, allocated 33% to the general
public, 10% to project-affected local people, 3%
to transmission line-affected people, and 3% to
CSHC employees.

Seti Nadi - 3 Hydroelectric Project is a part of
the 'Janatako Jalbidhyut Karyakram' under
the Ministry of Energy, Water Resource, and
Irrigation (MoEWRI), Government of Nepal
(GoN). Currently, the company is in the process
of finalizing financial closure to manage the
necessary debt capital for the project. Under

equity investment, CHCL and NEA have invested
NRs. 58,18,36,400 and NRs. 19,99,99,000
respectively.

Salient Features of the Project:

: Seti Nadi — 3 Peaking Run Off

Project N ) ic Proj
roject Name River Hydroelectric Project

: Jayaprithvi Municipality,
Bajhang District,
Sudurpaschhim Province

River।
87 MW

: Length 67m and height 16m,
Radial Gated Weir of size 10
m x 11 m (Bx H) (4 Nos.)
: Orifice (Radial Gate) type,
size 10m x 13m (B x H) (1 No.)
. . : Surface —3 Nos (125 x 16 x
Settling Basin 21) (Lx Bx H)m
Headrace : 1069.8 m length, width and
Culvert height of 6 x 6 m (1 No.)
HRT : 4251 m length with dia.
6.2m, Horse Shoe shaped

Project Location

Surge Shaft : 65.3 m height with dia. of
15m
Pressure Shaft।. 155.5m length with 4.7 m
dia.
: 74m x 16m x 41m
Powerhouse
Underground
: 452m length with 6 m dia.
: Vertical Shaft Francis (3 units)

Transmission :12Km, 132 kV Double Circuit.,
Line Station: Kailash

Total annual : 483.206 GWh

energy

Off-peak dry

: 133.719 GWh
energy

Peak dry energy। : 14.67 GWh

energy

Project Status and Progress:

The Seti Nadi-3 Hydroelectric Project has
entered its final implementation task from its
initial phase, showing significant progress this
year in the following areas:

० The Feasibility Study Report and the

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
have been completed. An_ international
expert has conducted site visit for the
technical assessment of the project, and
the process of submitting the final DPR is
currently underway.

e Land acquisition is almost complete, with
95.98% of the required land secured.
The processes for leasing forest land and
government land are currently underway.
To secure the acquired land of the project,
boundary demarcation has been completed
by installing concrete pillars.

e The Generation License has been obtained.

० The Connection Agreement has been
finalized, while the Power Purchase
Agreement (PPA) is under processing with
NEA.

० Anupdated Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) was signed on July 13, 2025, with the
Rastriya Prasaran Grid Company Limited
(RPGCL) to connect the electricity generated
by the project to the national transmission
grid.

e Financial closure is in progress' in
coordination with HIDCL. The process of
obtaining investment approval from the
Office of the Investment Board, Government
of Nepal, is ongoing.

e The construction of office and residential

buildings is under process, with the
consultant having submitted the required
documents.

5. MODI JALVIDYUT COMPANY LIMITED

Modi Jalvidyut Company Limited, a subsidiary
of Nepal Electricity Authority, was established
to develop the Upper Modi 'A' Hydroelectric
Project (UMAHEP) and the Upper Modi
Hydroelectric Project (UMHEP) having an
installed capacity of 42 MW and 18.2 MW
respectively. Both projects are located in the
Annapurna Rural Municipality of Kaski District,
about 250 kilometers west of Kathmandu, and
are designed as a cascade development along
the Modi River.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 85

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

All pre-construction activities for both UMAHEP
and UMHEP have been fully completed. These
include securing generation licenses from
the Department of Electricity Development,
obtaining all necessary environmental
approvals—such 95 the — Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) for UMAHEP, the
supplementary EIA for UMHEP, and the Initial
Environmental Examination (IEE) for the
transmission line and signing power purchase
agreements (PPA) for both projects. Financial
closure for both projects has also been
achieved: the Syndicated Loan Agreement (SLA)
for UMHEP and the Supplementary Syndicated
Loan Agreement (SSLA) for UMAHEP have
been duly signed, with financing arranged
through a consortium of NMB Bank Limited,
Hydroelectricity Investment and Development
Company Limited (HIDCL), and Sanima Bank
Limited.

Land acquisition has been completed for both
projects, with 206.08 Ropani of private land
secured for UMAHEP, 47.87 Ropani for UMHEP,
and 223 Ropani of government land obtained.
An equivalent area of private land was also
acquired and transferred to the Government
of Nepal. All government land use and tree
clearance permissions have been received, and
tree clearance work is nearly finished.

For UMAHEP, construction of civil and hydro-
mechanical works (Lot-1) has commenced
following the completion of all preparatory
works. For UMHEP, the contract for civil and
hydro-mechanical works (Lot-1) has been
awarded, and construction activities are
ongoing, with preparatory works currently in
progress. Regarding electromechanical works
(Lot-2), the package for UMAHEP will be re-
tendered in the coming fiscal year, while the
tender for UMHEP's electromechanical works
(Lot-2) will also be issued in the coming fiscal
year. For the transmission line, all required
studies and permits have been obtained, and
the tender is planned to be published in the
coming fiscal year.

Construction of camp facilities at Syauli Bazar,
Ghandruk, is nearing completion, with all major
structural work finished and only finishing works

86। Nepal Electricity Authority

remaining. Both UMAHEP and UMHEP are now
entering the full construction phase, backed
by consulting support from NEA Engineering
Company Limited. Modi Jalvidyut Company
Limited remains committed to timely project
delivery and contributing to Nepal's growing
energy security.

6. MIDDLE BHOTEKOSHI
PROJECT (102 MW)

HYDROELECTRIC

Madhya Bhotekoshi Jalavidyut Company Ltd.
(MBJCL) is a public limited company promoted
by Chilime Hydropower Company Ltd. & Nepal
Electricity Authority to develop 102 MW run-
of-river, Middle Bhotekoshi Hydroelectric
Project (MBKHEP) in Sindhupalchok. Chilime
Hydropower Co. Ltd. holds 37%, Nepal
Electricity Authority 10% and local companies
4% promoter shares and remaining 49% of
shares are held by the public including those
from affected areas. Debt financing is provided
by the Employer's Provident Fund (EPF) of
Nepal.

Salient Features of the project:

Run-of-River

Design flow: 50.8 m?/sec

Type of Project:

4 km/220 kV Single Circuit
Project Cost NRs. 15.03 billion (excluding IDC)

२ ०

Unit 1 Wet Testing

Powerhouse

All the major works of Civil, Hydro-mechanical,
Electro-mechanical and Transmission line has
been completed, and the wet commissioning
test is ongoing. Due to the delay in the
completion of the main power evacuation
infrastructure i.e. Barhabise Substation, the
project is proceeding with contingency power
evacuation arrangement through New-Khimti
Substation, which is planned to be completed
within mid of August, 2025.

7. SANJEN JALAVIDHYUT COMPANY LIMITED

Sanjen Jalavidhyut Company Limited (SJCL),
established in 2010 AD, is a subsidiary of NEA
and Chilime Hydropower Company Limited
(CHPCL) with promoter shares of 10.36% and
39.36% respectively. SJCL has developed two
hydroelectric projects namely, Sanjen (Upper)
Hydroelectric Project (SUHEP) (14.8 MW) and
Sanjen Hydroelectric Project (SHEP) (42.5 MW)
in cascade with the financing arrangement of
70:30 debt equity ratio. All the debt portion
(70% of total) has been arranged from
Employer's Provident Fund (EPF) of Nepal. The
equity shares from promoters and also shares
from depositors of EPF, Employee of EPF, staffs
of promoters and General Public including
project affected local people have been already
paid up.

Sanjen (Upper) Hydroelectric Project (SUHEP)
- 14.8 MW:

The project is located in Amachhodingmo Rural
Municipality (previously Chilime VDC). The

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

headwork of this project is located in Tiloche
and powerhouse is in Simbu Village. The project
has approximately 161 m gross head and design
discharge of 11.07 m3/s. Total annual saleable
energy of this project is 82.44 GWh. The total
energy generated by SUHEP since its operation
began is 90.79 GWh as of Ashadh, 2082.

Switchyard

Sanjen Hydroelectric Project (SHEP) — 42.5
MW:

This project is a cascade project of SUHEP and
has gross head 442 m. An additional discharge
of 0.5 m/s from Chhupchung Khola is added,
resulting in a total design discharge of 11.57
m3/s. The commercial operation of SHEP
commenced on December 16, 2024 (Poush
01, 2081). This project is under operation with
annual total energy of 251.94 GWh and annual
salable energy of 241.86 GWh. The total energy
generated by SHEP since its operation began
is 96.96 GWh as of Ashadh, 2082. At present,
reconciliation works of various contracts has

Nepal Electricity Authority। 87

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

been completed and contract closures works of
the project is underway.

Transmission Line

The power generated from both plants is being
evacuated through SJCL's 132 kV transmission
line to the Chilime Hub substation and then
integrated into the national grid via the Chilime-
Trishuli 220 kV transmission line.

8. DUDHKOSHIJALVIDYUT COMPANY LIMITED

The Dudhkoshi Jalvidyut Company Limited
(DKJVCL) was established on 3rd March,
2017, as a subsidiary of the Nepal Electricity
Authority (to implement the Dudhkoshi Storage
Hydroelectric Project (DKSHEP).

DKSHEP is a 670 MW £ seasonal reservoir-
based project, designed to utilize the waters
of the snow-fed perennial Dudhkoshi River,
which originates from Mount Everest and its
surrounding Himalayas. The Dudhkoshi River,
a tributary of the Saptakoshi River System,
joins the Sunkoshi River near Ghurmi and
Harakpur Bazaar. The project's main dam will
be constructed approximately 1 kilometer
southwest of Rabuwa Bazaar, a small market
on the left bank of the Dudhkoshi River at the
border of Okhaldhunga and Khotang Districts.
The main 600 MW powerhouse will be an
underground facility on the left bank of the
Sunkoshi River near Dhitung village in Halesi
Tuwachung Municipality, Ward No. 8, Khotang
District. The 70 MW Dam-Toe powerhouse,
also underground, will generate energy from
environmental flow release and is proposed
at Chisankhugadhi Municipality, Ward No. 6,
11 Okhaldhunga District. A 220-meter-high
concrete-faced rock-fill dam (CFRD) will create
a 31.5-kilometer-long reservoir with a capacity
of 1,581 million cubic meters. The dam site is
located approximately 210 kilometers east of
Kathmandu by road.

For the main 600 MW powerhouse, a natural
head of 132 meters will be available from
a 13.15-kilometer-long main water tunnel,
supplemented by an additional 210-meter
artificial head from the reservoir. The design
discharge for the main powerhouse is 224.4

88। Nepal Electricity Authority

m3/s. The Dam-Toe Powerhouse is designed to
operate with a rated head of 182 meters and a
design discharge of 40 1135.

It is projected to generate a substantial 3,377
GWh of energy annually. This output is divided
seasonally, with an average of 1,252 GWh
produced during the dry season and 2,125 GWh
during the wet season. The electricity from the
main 600 MW powerhouse will be integrated
into the National Grid via an 81 kilometer-
long 400 kV Transmission Line, extending to
the Dhalkebar Substation. Similarly, power
from both the 70 MW Dam-Toe Powerhouse
and a future 200 MW Dam Power House will
be transmitted through 400 kV Transmission
Lines to the New 400 kV Dam Toe Switching
Station, located approximately 1.5 kilometers
from these powerhouses(Step-up transformers
at generation points will directly rise voltage to
400 kV).

The Updated Feasibility Study and Detailed
Design of the Project and preparation of
Bidding Documents along with EIA Study are
being carried out by ELC Electroconsult (Italy)
in association with NEWJEC Inc. (Japan), under
the grant assistance of Asian Development
Bank (ADB). The Draft Detailed Design Report
was submitted in January 2020 which have
been reviewed by the Panel of Experts (PoE)
and ADB experts. PoE provided the Final report
in October, 2024 and the Consultant submitted
the Final Detailed Design Report on November,
2024. However, some modifications for the
Dam Toe Powerhouse and the correction of
inconsistencies are necessary within the report,
and these efforts are presently ongoing.

Major Activities:
1. Safeguard Study

७ Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
of hydropower component was prepared
by the consultant ELC Electroconsult and
submitted to Department of Electricity
Development (DoED) on 14 June 2020 and
updated EIA report has been submitted to
DoED on 13 April 2025 for approval.

Regarding Environmental and Social Studies
of 81 km 400 kV Transmission Line (TL) from
Main Powerhouse to Dhalkebar, Terms of
Reference (ToR) of Initial Environmental
Examination (IEE) has been approved
on 9 June 2024 and IEE Report has been
submitted to DoED on 4 February 2025 for
approval. The ToR of IEE of 400 kV TL from
Dam Toe P/H to Bhadaure Switching Staion
has also been submitted to DoED on 28
January 2025.

The Project is also conducting Environmental
and Social Implementation Program during
preconstruction phase of the Project. An
Environment and Social Unit has been
established at the project and the unit has
carried out Focus Group Discussion (FGD),
Public Consultation and Awareness Program
in project affected areas.

The Consultant has also submitted the
EnvironmentalandSociallmpactAssessment
(ESIA) Report based on ADB guidelines on
December 2024 and ADB has reviewed and
provided comments/recommendations
on the report. ELC is incorporating the
comments/recommendations and finalizing
the Report.

To align with the ADB's Safeguard Policy
Statement (SPS) of 2009, several safeguard
studies are near to the completion. Draft
reports have been prepared for: the Site
Specific Environmental Management Plan
(SSEMP), a Biodiversity Offset Feasibility
Study, and Resettlement Plans for both
the Hydropower Component and Access
Road, a Draft Resettlement Framework
(RF), an Entitlement matrix with Policy Gaps
analysis, an Indigenous Peoples Plan (IPP), a
GESI Action Plan, and a Labor Management
Plan (LMP). These draft reports are currently
under review for finalization. Furthermore,
the third round of consultations for Free,
Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) with local
indigenous people has been successfully
completed.

From 16-18 December 2024, Mr. Nianshan
Zhang, Head of the Office of Safeguards

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर" है हक y

(OSFG) at ADB, conducted a consultation
mission to Nepal. This mission primarily
focused on reviewing the status of safeguard
assessments and confirming the project's
readiness for approval, involving — site
visits, community meetings in Lamidada,
consultations with local authorities and
CDOs in Halesi, and a meeting with the
Secretary of the Ministry of Energy, Water
Resources and Irrigation (MoEWRI) at
Ministry.

Site Inspection during Safeguards
Reconnaissance Mission

e A safeguards reconnaissance mission for
the Project led by Mr. Bruce Dunn, Director,
OSFG was undertaken by ADB from 14-25
February, 2025. This mission was aimed to
conduct a comprehensive site assessment
of potential environmental and _ social
impacts and offset sites, alongside extensive
consultations with various stakeholders,
including government officials, local
communities, and Indigenous Peoples,
to finalize the Environmental Impact
Assessment and coordinate safeguard
requirements. During this mission, Mr. Dunn
also attended a meeting with the Secretary
of the MoEWRI at Ministry.

2. Land Acquisition

Public notices have been published for the
Land Acquisition in Khotang and Okhaldhunga
Districts. Sub-Committee of the Compensation
Determination Committee is drafting its report
on preliminary land compensation and the
process is in final stage.

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A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

3. Infrastructure Works
e Camp Site

On 05 January 2024, agreement was signed
with District Coordination Committee
Office of Khotang for the extension of the
lease agreement upto 2036 for the land of
the camp area (about 7 ropani), located at
Lamidanda village. In that land construction
of new 4 pre-fab building has been
completed in this Fiscal Year.

e Access Road

About 100 km long access roads (named as
"Public Access Roads", in short 'PAR') are
required to reach the main structures of the
project, the dam and the power house, from
the national highway network. Out of 100
km access roads, the track roads of about
71 km have already been constructed by
federal, provincial and local governments.

० Bridges

The construction of three bridges (Bhoje
Permanent Bridge, Rabuwa Bailey Bridge
and Bhadbesi Permanent Bridge) is
currently in progress under Design and Build
Contracts.

4. Skill Development Training

As part of its Community Support Program,
the Project has begun to provide assistance
to local communities through skills and
livelihood training initiatives. In this effort, a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was
signed with Rawabesi Rural Municipality on
31 January 2025, to implement a Wooden/
Bamboo Crafting Pilot Program. A 30-day
training for 18 participants was successfully
conducted from 02 February 2025 to 06 March
2025 and completed.

Project Costs and Financial Arrangement

० The total cost of the Project is currently
estimated to be 2,320 MUSD. The Project
will be financed through a_ blended
approach, integrating an optimal mix of
sovereign and non-sovereign commercial
loans with direct equity. A debt-equity

90। Nepal Electricity Authority

ratio of 80:20 will be maintained, with the
20% equity component contributed by the
Government of Nepal (GoN), NEA, and
other shareholders.

e Upon the request from the Ministry of
Finance (MoF), GoN, ADB has been taking
lead role to coordinate with other financiers
for the Project. Part of loan will be managed
by local financing through national financial
institutions.

Second Stage Development

The Intake and Headrace Tunnel for the
Dam-Toe Powerhouse is being designed to
accommodate not only the current 70 MW Dam-
Toe Powerhouse but also a future, stand-alone
200 MW Pump Storage Power plant. This larger
power plant is envisioned as the second stage
of development, expected to be constructed
after 5 to 10 years of the initial 670 MW project
operation. Crucially, the power generated from
this subsequent 200 MW powerhouse will be
efficiently evacuated through the same New
400 kV Dam Toe Switching Station, located
approximately 1.5 kilometers away from the
dam. This integrated design ensures seamless
expansion of the project's generating capacity.

9. CHAINPUR SETI JALBIDHYUT COMPANY
LIMITED

Chainpur SetiJalbidhyut Company Limited (CJCL)
is a subsidiary company of Nepal Electricity
Authority (NEA) that has been established to
develop Chainpur Seti Hydroelectric Project
(CSHEP). CSHEP is a Peaking Run-of-River
(PROR) type project designed on the Seti River
with an installed capacity of 210 MW. The
project is located at Talkot, Saipal and Mastha
rural municipalities of Bajhang district of
Sudoorpaschim Province. Total saleable energy
from this project is estimated to be 1206.674
GWh consisting of dry season peak energy
of 181.743 GWh (5 hrs peaking) and dry off
peaking season energy of 190.230 GWh and
wet season energy is 834.699 GWh.

Generation license has been issued by
Department of Electricity Development (DoED)
and Ministry of Forest and Environment has

approved Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) of the project. After finalizing Deemed
Power and Energy with Power Trade Department
of NEA, a MOU has been signed with Rastriya
Prasaran Grid Company Limited (RPGCL) and
Grid Operation Department for the connection
agreement.

Feasibility report of the project has been
updated by consultant Chilime Engineering
and Services Company Limited and reviewed
by international consultant SMEC respectively.
Along with that, EPC tender document is also
prepared. Construction of access road to
powerhouse and camp site area is already
completed and is under operation. Total land
of about 142 ropanies has been aquired for
the construction of proposed access roads,
camp sites and powerhouse area. Adit tunnels।।।, V and VI and Camp facilities at powerhouse
area are under construction. For the study of
15km long 220 kV double circuit transmission
line extending from proposed switchyard to
Bajhang substation, required permits have
been obtained from DoED and survey has been
completely done. Additional study is being
done for access roads to proposed surge tank
area, Adit IV and headwork site of the project.

Adit-3 tunnel

Investment Board has approved for the
investment in this project. To manage the
required funds for the construction of project,
under the leadership of Hydroelectricity
Investment and Development Company
Limited (HIDCL), discussions are underway
with Employees Provident Fund (EPF), Citizens
Investment Trust (CIT), Social Security Fund

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर है = y

(SSF), Laxmi Sunrise Bank and other commercial
Banks. Chainpur Seti Jalbidhyut Company
Limited is continuously thriving for successful
completion of the project.

10. TRISHULI JAL VIDHYUT COMPANY LIMITED

Trishuli Jal Vidhyut Company Limited (TJVCL), is
a joint venture of Nepal Electricity Authority and
Nepal Doorsanchar Company Limited (NDCL),
established in 2011 with the main objective of
developing the Upper Trishuli 3B Hydroelectric
Project (37 MW) in Nuwakot and Rasuwa
districts. Both NEA and NDCL have equal (30%
each) equity shareholding in the Company. Rest
of the equity share has been allocated to the
general public, natives of Nuwakot and Rasuwa
districts, local governments of Nuwakot and
Rasuwa districts, employees of NEA and NDCL
among others.

Upper Trishuli 3B Hydroelectric Project
(UT3BHEP) is a Run of the River type cascade
development Project. The Project will utilize
the water coming out of the tailrace tunnel of
the upstream Upper Trishuli 3A Hydroelectric
Project. A Headpond is being constructed at
the outlet of the upstream project to divert
the water through Approach Pressure Conduit
towards the Headrace Tunnel of the UT3BHEP.

Salient features of the Project:

Nuwakot and Rasuwa
districts

29m (L) x 5.2 to 11.0m
(B) x 7.4 to 14.8 m (A)

243.47m (L), 5.1m x
5.1m Box Culvert + 40m
long, 5.1m dia. Steel Pipe

Total length: 3883.02 m;
Excavation Diameter: 6.3
m

7 Diameter: 15 m; Height:
Surge Tank 43 m

Project Location

Head-pond and
Approach Pressure
Conduit

Headrace Tunnel
(HRT)

Diameter: 4.2 m (circular);

Penstock Total Length: 175.95 m

Powerhouse (Type/
Length x width x
height)

Surface /
55.44mx19.30mx32.37m

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A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Tailrace (Length and
Type)

115.06 m, Box Culvert

Francis (vertical axis),
2*19.3 MW

2*23 MVA

Turbine

Generator

Maximum Gross
Head

Installed capacity

37 MW

292.58 GWh

An Engineering Procurement and Construction
(EPC) contract signed with an international
contractor in February, 2018 to construct and
commission the UT3BHEP had to be terminated
by TJVCLin December, 2023 due to serious delay
and non-performance on part of the contractor.
After the termination of the EPC Contract, the
Company divided the remaining work in two lots;
Lot 1 Civil Works and Lot 2 Electromechanical
and Hydro-mechanical Works and bids for both
Lots had been invited in Falgun, 2080. Contract
for Lot 1 Civil Works was signed in Shrawan,
2081 with Fewa Construction Pvt. Ltd, Pokhara.
The Lot 1 Contractor is carrying out construction
of the remaining civil structures of the Project
as per the approved construction program. The
Bids invited for Lot 2 had to be cancelled two
times (in Bhadra, 2081 and Magh, 2081) due to
unavoidable reasons and bids were invited for
the third time in Magh, 2081. The contract for
Lot 2 Works is now expected to be signed within
Shrawan, 2082. Due to the delay in selecting
contractor for Lot 2 Works, the construction
and commissioning schedule of UT3BHEP
has been seriously affected. All the remaining
construction works of the Project is planned to
be completed by the end of Chaitra, 2083 with
the aim of generating electricity by fiscal year
2083/84. The power produced by the Project
will be evacuated to Trishuli 3B Hub Sub-station
through 3 km long 132 kV transmission line. The
transmission line is being built by NEA under a

Average annual
energy

Length of
Transmission line
(132 kV)

Current Status

92। Nepal Electricity Authority

separate agreement with TJVCL. As of Asadh,
2082, about 77% of the civil works and about
85% of the transmission line works have been
completed. All required preparatory works
have been fully completed.

11. RAGHUGANGA HYDROPOWER LIMITED

Raghuganga Hydropower Limited (RGHPL)
was established as a subsidiary company of
NEA on 7th March, 2017 (24th Falgun, 2073)
to implement Rahughat Hydroelectric Project
under the financing of EXIM Bank of India under
LOC to GON and joint-investment of GON and
NEA. It is a PROR designed with 6-hour peaking
time. The Project envisages to generate 40
MW (2X20MW) of power by diverting 16.67
cumecs of water through a Head Race Tunnel
and Pressure shaft to a surface Power House
located at right bank of Kaligandaki River
at Galeshwor, Myagdi which is about 300m
upstream of the confluence of Raghuganga
River with Kaligandaki River.

The major components of the Project lie at the
left bank of Raghuganga River. It is one of the
major tributaries of Kaligandaki River that flows
from west to east to meet Kaligandaki River at
Galeshwor. Raghuganga River will be diverted
through a Barrage to 6.270 km _ headrace
tunnel (HRT) to generate 40 MW of power. The
proposed headrace tunnel runs along left bank
of Raghuganga River. The surface powerhouse
is located on the right bank of the Kaligandaki
River. The project envisages construction of
25 m high Barrage with 2 no Spillways and
one Under Sluice, an 80m long Desander with
2 bays, a 6.270 km long Head Race Tunnel of
3.30 m finished diameter, a 53.2 m high, 10m
diameter Surge Tank, 1026 m long 2.15m
diameter Pressure Shaft, a manifold bifurcating
into two Penstock, a 55.40m x 24.9m Power
House and a cut & cover Tailrace arrangement.
Power Purchase Agreement for the Project was
signed with NEA on 1st April 2019 (18th Chaitra,
2075). The project is expected to be completed
by December, 2025.

Project Status and Progress:

1) Lot 1 - Civil and Hydro-Mechanical Works:

Headwork

The EPC Contract Agreement for Lot 1 — Civil
and Hydro-Mechanical Works was_ signed
between RGHPL and M/s Jaiprakash Associates
Limited, Noida, India, on 21st November, 2017.
The Notice to Proceed was issued on 24th May,
2018 following concurrence from EXIM Bank
of India. As of Fiscal Year 2081/82, the physical
progress of Lot 1 stands at approximately 88%.
The detailed description of physical progress of
Lot 1 are as follows:

e Access Road (Powerhouse to Head works,
11 km): Excavation is ongoing from multiple
fronts; retaining structures, cross-drainage,
and side drain works are in progress.

e Head Race Tunnel: Excavation and rock
support completed; concrete _ lining
completed for 5,900 m out of 6,270 m.

० Pressure Shaft: Excavation and rock support
completed; steel lining in progress, with
880 m completed out of 1,049.86 m.

० Surge Shaft: 10 m diameter, 61 m deep
surge shaft excavation, rock support, and
concrete lining completed.

e Powerhouse: Structural works

completed.

fully

० Spillway, Under-sluice & Stilling Basin: Civil
works completed; hydro-mechanical works
ongoing.

e Gates: Bulkhead and radial gate erection
completed in the Under-sluice and
Spillway-1; in progress at Spillway-2.

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 "2 है = y

e Power Intake: Works ongoing, with

approximately 70% completed.
e Tail Race Duct: Completed.

2) Lot 2 - Electromechanical Works:

The Plant Design-Build Contract Agreement
for Lot 2: Electro-Mechanical Works was
signed between RGHPL and M/s Bharat Heavy
Electricals Limited (BHEL), India on 15th
October 2019. Following concurrence from
EXIM Bank on 30th November, 2019, the
Notice to Proceed was issued on 4th December,
2019 to commence the works. As of Fiscal
Year 2081/82, the physical progress of Lot 2
has reached approximately 60%. The detailed
description of physical progress of Lot 2 are as
follows:

० Earthing material supply and installation in
Powerhouse completed.

e 70 Ton Double Girder EOT Crane erected;
ready for final testing and commissioning.

० Generator alignment and MIV erection for
Unit-1 completed. Stator alignment for Unit-
2 completed. Rotor building and cooling/
drainage pipeline works in progress.

० Prototype model testing of the turbine
successfully completed.

० FAT/Inspection of different EM components
in progress. Turbine (Unit-1) dispatched;
turbine shaft delivered to site. Inspection of
Transformer and Turbine (Unit-2) completed
and under progress for dispatch. 15 Ton
Single Girder EOT Crane for Valve Chamber
delivered to site.

० Lower pit liners and central framework for
Unit-1 completed.

3) Major Consulting Contract:

e The contract for Consulting Services was
signed with M/S WAPCOS Limited, India
on 16th Feb, 2012. The Consulting service
is ongoing in parallel with Lot 1 and Lot 2
Works. The Consultant is responsible for
reviewing and approving the designs and
drawings submitted by the contractors, as
well as for construction supervision and
overall project management of both major
contracts.

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A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

12. UTTAR GANGA POWER COMIPANY LIMITED

Uttar Ganga Power Company Limited, a NEA
subsidiary company, established on March 30,
2017, is overseeing the Uttar Ganga Storage
Hydroelectric Project. The project was initially
licensed for 300 MW in FY 2015/16. However,
the project's capacity was increased to 828 MW
in FY 2017/18. The project site is situated about
400 km west of Kathmandu in Baglung District,
Gandaki Province, accessible by a 48 km road
from Burtibang Bazar. The project features a
200 m high rock-fill dam, an 8.51 km headrace
tunnel, and large underground powerhouses
with a combined capacity of 821 MW. A 65
km, 400 kV DC transmission line is planned to
connect to the UttarGanga Hub in Rukum.

Key updates for FY 2024/25 include:

1. On February 1, 2024, a contract was
signed with NEA Engineering Company
for a feasibility review and in-basin study
alternative.

2. Staff gauge height and_ discharge
measurements at Uttar Ganga River and
Nisi Khola are ongoing.

13. TANAHU HYDROPOWER LIMITED

Tanahu Hydropower Limited (THL) was
established as a subsidiary company of Nepal
Electricity Authority (NEA) on 25 March 2012 to
develop Tanahu Hydropower Project (previously
known as Upper Seti Hydropower Project). The
project is a storage type hydropower project
with a capacity of 140 MW and an estimated
average annual energy generation, after outage,
of 502.58 GWh.

The project is located on the Seti River within
the geographical boundaries of Rhising and
Vyas municipalities, near Damauli, the district
headquarters of Tanahun District. The reservoir
will extend about 25 km upstream inundating
the low-lying lands (FSL 415 m) along the Seti
River. The project area covers 2 municipalities
(Vyas and Bhimad) and 2 rural municipalities
(Rhising and Maygde).

The initial estimated cost of the project was
USS 505 million. However, based on the current

94। Nepal Electricity Authority

status, the revised estimated cost stands at USS
597.38 million, resulting in a financing gap of
USS 92.38 million. The company has already
communicated this shortfall to the Ministry of
Finance through the Ministry of Energy, Water
Resources, and Irrigation, seeking additional
financing. The construction work of the project
is going on in full swing through three different
packages.

Package 1: Headworks

Under the Package 1 Contract, the contractor,
Song Da Kalika JV (Vietnam-Nepal), completed
excavation of the dam abutments and grouting
tunnels, enabling the concrete placement in
dam.

A flood in the Seti River on 6 July 2024 caused
damage to the site establishment area,
including partial damage to the aggregate
crusher and cooling plants. Both the plants
have been relocated to safer locations near the
hillside. In addition, riverbank protection works
to safeguard the site establishment area have
been completed.

Concrete placement in the main dam is a
critical activity of the project. It commenced
on 20 March 2025 across four dam blocks. By
the end of June, approximately 46,000 cubic
meters of concrete had been placed, with an
average height of 10 meters achieved from
the foundation level. Consolidation grouting in
the dam foundation has been completed and
is ongoing in the abutments. Curtain grouting
is also progressing in the bottom grouting
galleries and the upstream section of the dam
foundation.

Main Dam

In parallel, activities such as drilling, grouting
and concrete lining of the grouting galleries are
ongoing across multiple dam fronts.

Package 2: Powerhouse, Waterways & Related
Equipment

The Contractor, Sinohydro Corporation Limited
(China), has completed the concreting works
in the powerhouse. Benching of the Headrace
Tunnel (HRT), including the rectification of
deformed sections, has also been completed.
Concrete lining in the HRT is currently in
progress, with 660 meters completed till mid
of July. In addition, excavation and installation
of the temporary support system for the intake
shaft have been completed, and concrete lining
has commenced from the gate storage area.

The installation of the draft tube, draft tube
flap gate, spiral case, MIV, guide vanes, and
stay vanes for both units have been installed.
Both runners have been lowered into their final
positions, with component installation and final
alignment currently in progress.

Stator assemblies for both units have been
completed, magnetization-tested and lowered
into the generator pits. The rotor for Unit-2 was
successfully lowered into the generator pit on
10 April 2025 following successful testing, while
the same task remains pending for Unit-1.

Additionally, installation works for the power
transformers, GIS, IPB, cable cabinets, steel
penstocks, as well as the cooling water system,
drainage, and firefighting pipelines are ongoing.

Package 3: 220 kV Transmission Line

The Contractor for Package 3 Contract,
KEC International, India has completed the
construction of foundation of 78 towers
out of 94 towers and currently working on
two foundation locations. Preparations are
underway to commence conductor stringing
works in the Tanahun section. Land acquisition
for tower locations and right of way has been
completed. Forest clearance approval is yet to
be received.

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 Ss है Na y

Consultancy Service Contract

The construction work of project is being
supervised by Lahmeyer International GmbH
(formerly called Tractebel Engineering GmbH,
Germany) as the Project Supervision Consultant,
while the environment and social monitoring
work is being monitored by ELC Electro-consult,
Italy.

THL signed contracts with individual members
of the Panel of Experts (PoE) for dam safety,
environmental, and social safeguards on 17
December 2018. The PoE conducted a site
visit in January-February 2025, which was
followed by a series of discussions focusing
on Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS)
Management capacity, the level of EHS
compliance, dam safety, construction-related
matters, and environmental and social issues.

Lower Seti (Tanahu) Hydropower Project

THLenvisages to develop Lower Seti Hydropower
project with an installed capacity of 126 MW
with the utilization of regulated discharge of Seti
River from the tailrace of Upper Seti (Tanahu)
Hydropower Project in addition to the flows of
Madi River. The headwork of the project lies
about 24 km downstream from Damauli and
the powerhouse site is located at about 1.5km
downstream from the confluence of Seti River
and Trishuli River.

The Consultant JV of WAPCOS India Limited
and Nippon Koei, Japan was appointed for the
detailed design, EIA study and land parceling,
demarcation of full supply level of Lower
Seti Project. Following the review report of
the Panel of Experts (PoE), the Consultant
submitted the final detailed design report in
June 2024. EIA study is under approval process.
The Demarcation of full supply level on-site has
been completed and land parceling report has
also been submitted. The Contractor R.K. Hydro
has been mobilized on-site for construction of
access, exploratory adit tunnel. Contract energy
of Lower Seti has been finalized with power
trade department of NEA and grid connection
process has been commenced. The cabinet of
ministers has given consent to initiate the land
acquisition process and appointed preliminary

Nepal Electricity Authority। 95

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

officer to initiate preliminary action. Starting
from this fiscal year, the project has commenced
its preparatory works like land acquisition,
access roads to power house site etc. The
Lower Seti project Site office was opened in
Saranghat, Tanahu, in Baishakh 2081.

14. RASUWAGADHI HYDROPOWER COMPANY
LIMITED (RGHPCL)

Rasuwagadhi Hydropower Company Limited
(RGHPCL), established on August 2, 2011, is
the developer of the 111 MW Rasuwagadhi
Hydroelectric Project (RGHEP), located in
the Rasuwa district of Bagmati Province. The
shareholding structure comprises 32.79% held
by Chilime Hydropower Company Limited, 18%
by Nepal Electricity Authority, 0.21% by the
local government and the remaining 49% have
been issued to the public, including those from
the project-affected areas. Debt financing for
the project has been provided by Employees
Provident Fund (EPF).

Salient Features of the Project:

Type of Project Run-of-River (RoR)

Design Discharge (040)। 80.00 m7/s

Gross Head 167.9 m

Francis, Vertical Axis &

Turbine Unit Capacity 38.50 MW each

Generator, Capacity &। 3 Phase Synchronous
No. AC, 3 x 43.75 MVA

3Installed Capacity 111.0 MW
Annual Energy 613.87 GWh
Generation

10 km, 132 kV Double
T/L Length, Voltage Circuit up to Chilime Hub
DC) Cost (excluding। ५२5. 18 Arab 61 Crore

The project received back-charging from
the Chilime Hub on 10 November 2024.
Subsequently, the 72-hour trial run of Unit 1
was successfully completed on 1 December
2024, followed by the successful trial runs of
the remaining units on 12 December and 15
December 2024, respectively. The commercial
generation commenced on 31 December 2024
(16 Poush 2081 B.S).

96। Nepal Electricity Authority

Major Natural Disaster

The Plant encountered severe disaster in
the fiscal year 2081/82 due to a recent GLOF
induced flash flood event on 8 July 2025 (24th
Asar 2082). The flood caused extensive damage
to key infrastructure, including major civil
structures and hydro-mechanical components
ofthe head-works. The powerhouse, particularly
the MIV floor and turbine floor, was inundated,
leading to damage of the electromechanical
components and associated auxiliary systems.
Additionally, both steel bridges at the head-
works and powerhouse are at risk. The tailrace
tunnel has been filled with flood debris and
logs. The event has disrupted the power
generation and creating significant safety
hazards. Furthermore, the camp facilities and
access roads to the tailrace and surge tank were
completely swept away by the flood. Despite
these challenges, the company has already
initiated restoration works and is making every
effort to resume power generation as soon as
possible.

15. UPPER ARUN HYDRO-ELECTRIC LIMITED

Upper Arun Hydro-Electric Limited (UAHEL) is
aSpecialPurposeVehicle(SPV)ofNEAestablished
in 2017 to promote and develop hydropower
projects. Aligned with the Government of
Nepal's "People's Hydropower" vision, the
Company is promoting two major hydropower
projects in Sankhuwasabha District:

1. Upper Arun Hydroelectric Project — 1,063.36
MW capacity

2. Ikhuwa Khola Hydroelectric Project - 40
MW capacity

These projects aim to harness Nepal's vast
hydropower potential, contributing to national
energy security, economic growth, and
sustainable development.

Under the Upper Arun Hydropower Project—a
game changer project—the Company has
completed all preparatory activities, including
land acquisition and compensation distribution,
environmental compliance and necessary
approvals, geological and geotechnical

investigations. Additionally, key infrastructure
works—such as the 21 km access road
(including a 2.03 km tunnel) and Employer's
camp construction— and activities related to
the Indigenous Peoples Plan (IPP) under Free,
Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) are ongoing.
The project has procured an_ international
consultant for design, bidding document
preparation, construction supervision, and
post-construction and works relating to tender
design and reference design are underway. Key
agreements, including the grid connection, are
already in place, while the power purchase
agreement is in its finalization phase. With
all pre-construction preparatory activities
nearing completion, the project is now ready to
commence its construction phase.

The Project has garnered strong financial
backing, reflecting confidence from both
domestic and_ international stakeholders.
International financial institutions led by
the World Bank have pledged a combined
investment of USS1.89 billion. On the domestic
front, Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
was signed on 2079/05/30 (mid-September
2022) for an investment of NPR 53.14 billion
through a consortium led by the Hydropower
Investment and Development Company Limited
(HIDCL).

In parallel development, the tender design
documentation for the associated Ikhuwa Khola
Hydropower Project has been prepared by the
Consultant and geological and geotechnical
conditions of the Project site are currently being
investigated, demonstrating comprehensive
advancement across all project aspects.

16. NEA ENGINEERING COMPANY LIMITED

NEA Engineering Company Ltd (NEC) stands as a
testament to Nepal's commitment to harnessing
its vast hydropower potential and developing
robust infrastructure. Established on March
03, 2017, NEC was conceived as a government-
sector engineering consultancy firm under the
National Energy Crisis Reduction and Electricity
Development Decade Action Plan-2072.

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

Major Achievement in FY 2081/82 are as
follows:

1. Total turnover 50 Crores including VAT,
which is highest since its commercial
operation on 13th July, 2017

2. MoU with various reputed international
companies like Tetra Tech Canada, SATT
Engineering Canada, SMEC_ Australia,
Fitchner Germany, NEWJEC Japan and K&A
USA

3. To date NEC has completed detailed
feasibility and detailed engineering studies
for several large hydropower projects,
ranging from run-of-river to peaking pond
age and large storage schemes. Key projects
include:

० Betan Karnali HEP (439 MW)
० Phukot Karnali (480 MW)

७० Kimathanka Arun (450 MW)
० Jagdulla (106 MW)

० Sunkoshi Marin Diversion Project (31.07
Mw)

० Rolwaling Khola (20.66 MW)

e Mugu Karnali (1902 MW)-Feasibility
Report Submitted on Poush, 2081

० Jagdulla-A (122.20 MW)-Detail Report
submitted on Ashad, 2082

4. NEC has played a pivotal role in the

development of Nepal's high-voltage
transmission infrastructure. Key
accomplishments include:

e Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Inaruwa 400

kV Transmission Line: Successfully
completed and commissioned 153 km
on 25th June, 2024 of the Inaruwa-
Dhalkebar 400 kV TL as the Project
Supervision Consultant.

७ 25MWwWGrid-TiedSolarFarm: Completed
and commissioned the solar farm at
Bidur, Trishuli.

e 400 kV Phukot-Betan-Dododhara
Transmission Line: Completed design
review of DA, DB, DC and DD tower and
proto tower testing of DB, DC and DD.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 97

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

e 220 kV Tumlingtar-Sitalpati TL &
Substation: Completed design reviews,
with construction currently underway.
The TL portion is already completed,
and substation is in the advanced stage
of completion.

e Matatirtha-Dukuchhap-Sirutar-
Nalagumba-Lapshiphedi-Kapan
Gumba-Tinpiple 220 kV Transmission
Line Project completed.

5. Contribution to multipurpose Irrigation,
Hydropower and Transmission Line as
Construction Supervision:

e Bheri Babai Diversion Multipurpose
Project (BBDMP): Providing irrigation to
51,000 hectares and generating 46 MW
of power.

० Rolwaling Khola HEP (22 MW)
० Upper Modi and Modi-A (42 MW)
० Upper Modi (18.2 MW)

e 400 kV Phukot-Betan-Dododhara

Transmission
6. Environment Study:

e Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)
Study of Main Transmission Line of
Phukot Karnali PROR Hydro Electric
Project - approved in FY 2081/82.

e Revised IEE Study of Mewa - approved
in FY 2081/82

० Consulting Services for Tree
Enumeration, Revised Initial
Environmental Examination (IEE), Tree
Cutting Permission and Forest Land Use
Approval for the New Butwal- Lamahi
400 kV Transmission Line Project - Tree
Enumeration (90%) completed in FY

2081/82
Future Outlook

By capitalizing on its deep technical expertise
and commitment to nurturing local talent,
NEC is not only positioned to fulfill Nepal's
growing demand for high-quality consulting

98। Nepal Electricity Authority

services in energy and infrastructure but also
to make meaningful contributions to regional
market and recently NEC in JV with Fitchner
participated in the bidding for "Preparation
of Detailed Project Report (DPR), including
Environmental and Social impact Assessment
(ESIA) for Knomachhu Hydropower Project" of
333 MW located in Lhuntse District, Eastern
Bhutan.

17. NEPAL
LIMITED

POWER TRADING COMPANY

Nepal Power Trading Company Limited (NPTC)
was incorporated on 7th March, 2017 as a
subsidiary company of NEA, with the broad
objective of facilitating power trading both
within and outside the country.

Shareholding Structure of NPTC

Vidyut
Litpadan
Campany
Limited
17% Prasaran
Grid
Company
Nepal C, Limited
(RPGCL}
Electricity 17%
Authority
tN EA} g
515

Hydroelectricity Investment
and Development Company
Limited {HIDEL) 15%

The company has obtained Trading License
from Ministry of Energy, Water Resources
and Irrigation (MoEWRI) on 2nd Magh, 2078.
However so far the company has not been
operationalized yet. The company's major
activities have so far been primarily focused
on fulfilling legal and regulatory compliances
such as Board Meetings, Annual General
Meetings (AGMs) and Audit. The Audit has
been completed for all FYs and so far 2 AGMs
have been conducted for the company.

18. POWER TRANSMISSION COMPANY NEPAL
LIMITED

Power Transmission Company Nepal Limited
(PTCN), a Joint venture company of Nepal
Electricity Authority was incorporated on

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर" oe y

Bhadra 30, 2064 (i.e. 16th September, 2007)
with the main objective of developing high
voltage transmission interconnection system
between Nepal and India for the mutual interest
and benefit of both the countries.

The ownership structure and shareholding of PTCN are as follows:

S.No. Shareholders

Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA)

No.s of Share 9% .
6 of ownership

22,50,000 50%

6" Grid Corporation of India Limited (Power 11.70,000

IL&FS Energy Development Company Limited
India (IEDCL 4,50,000
45,00,000 100

(i) 400 kV D/C Muzaffarpur - Bhittamod
Transmission Line

Hydroelectricity Investment and Development
3. Company (HIDCL) 6,30,000

Two Joint Venture companies - one in India
and other in Nepal were incorporated for
implementation of 400 kV double circuit line
interconnection between Muzaffarpur in India
and Dhalkebar in Nepal.

(i) 400 kV D/C Dhalkebar - Bhittamod

Transmission Line

Nepal Portion of the Dhalkebar-Muzaffarpur
400 kV Double circuit Transmission Line extends
42.1 km from Nepal Border at Bhittamod to
NEA Substation at Dhalkebar in Nepal. The
Nepal Portion of the Line was constructed by
PTCN. The line was initially charged at 132 kV
voltage level under contingency arrangement
in 19th Feb, 2016 which was charged at 220 kV
on 16th Aug, 2018 and finally charged to 400
kV effective from 11th Nov, 2020, 20:20 PM.
The entire line from Muzaffarpur to Dhalkebar
is running satisfactorily at 100% availability till
now.

India portion of the Dhalkebar-Muzaffarpur 400
kV Double circuit Transmission Line extends
about 86 km from Muzaffarpur Substation of
POWERGRID in Bihar to Nepal-India border at
Sursand/Bhittamod. This portion of line has
been implemented by Cross Border Power
Transmission Company Limited (CPTC) - a
Joint Venture of IL&FS Energy Development
Company Limited (IEDCL), POWERGRID, SJVN
Limited and NEA.

Contracts for Engineering, Procurement, and
Construction (EPC) for both Nepal & India
Portions were awarded to M/s TATA Projects
Limited and M/s KEC International Limited,
respectively following an __ International
Competitive Bidding process undertaken by
POWERGRID as Consultant.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 99

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

CENTRAL
ACTIVITIES

करा

Internal Audit Department

The Internal Audit Department of the Nepal
Electricity Authority (NEA) functions as an
independent and integral unit reporting to
the NEA Board through audit committee. It
operates separately both functionally and
organizationally from other departments within
NEA, ensuring its autonomy and objectivity.
The primary mandate of the department is
to provide independent assurance that NEA's
functional performance, risk management,
governance, Compliances and internal control
processes are operating effectively, efficiently
and economically.

The scope, authority, and responsibilities of the
Internal Audit Department are defined through
the Financial Administrative Byelaws, 2068
and the Internal Audit Guidelines of NEA. The
department follows a structured and standards-
based audit process in accordance with Nepal
Auditing Standards and is guided by the Audit
Committee of NEA. It is led by a Director who
oversees the planning, execution, monitoring,
and evaluation of various audit activities across
the organization.

Types of Audits Performed

The Internal Audit Department undertakes
several types of audits to ensure comprehensive
oversight:

e Financial Audit:

Focuses on verifying the effectiveness
and efficiency of internal controls over
financial reporting. It includes reviewing

100। Nepal Electricity Authority

internal processes to ensure compliance
with applicable laws, accounting standards,
regulations, and internal policies, including
propriety audits.

e Technical Audit

Encompasses the evaluation of technical
standards, norms, and parameters. It
also assesses aspects like energy balance,
preventive and breakdown maintenance,
condition monitoring, and electricity loss
management.

e Management Audit

Involves a thorough review of managerial
planning, policies, procedures, and
implementation effectiveness. Key focus
areas include procurement management,
organizational structure, job analysis,
accountability, and monitoring and
evaluation mechanisms.

e Risk Management Audit

Evaluates internal controls from the
perspective of risk management. The audit
checks whether a comprehensive Risk
Management Framework is in place that
identifies, assesses, controls, and monitors
significant risks in line with best practices.

Audit Committee

A four-member Audit Committee has been
constituted by NEA, comprising a NEA Board
member as Chair person and two domain
experts from the finance and energy sectors
and Director of Internal Audit department as

a member secretary. The committee's major
responsibilities include:

० Facilitating effective communication
between the Board of Directors and the
internal and external auditors.

० Safeguarding the independence of both
internal and external auditors.

e Providing a structured reporting line for
internal audit activities.

० Monitoring the financial reporting system
and evaluating the effectiveness of NEA's
internal controls, audit functions, and risk
management practices.

Audit Coverage — FY 2024/25

CENTRAL ACTIVITIES। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐर है No}

Digital Transformation and Reporting:

To strengthen audit efficiency and coverage,
the Internal Audit Department has introduced
Online Audit Software which supports digital
execution of audits. The department carries
out half-yearly, Quadrimestrial and annual
audits, and reporting findings to both the Audit
Committee and the Managing Director of NEA.

The Audit Committee also holds regular
meetings and strategic interactions to provide
direction and feedback on _ audit-related
matters. This ensures continual enhancement
of NEA's internal control environment.

Details of finance/management/technical audit event coverage for the fiscal year 2024/25 are as

follows:
Office Half yearly
Corporate

GTDE**

*Annually/Q3 is subject to Provisional

Quadrimestrial

Annually* Risk base Total

-
58। 223। बा [20।

**GTDE, G=Generation, T=TransmissSion, D=Distribution, E=Engineering

NEA Board Matters

The NEA Board serves as the policy-making
body of the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA).
The Honorable Minister of Energy, Water
Resources, and Irrigation, Mr. Dipak Khadka,
currently chairs the Board.

Mr. Suresh Acharya, Secretary (Energy) at the
Ministry of Energy, Water Resources, and
Irrigation, has been serving as an ex-officio
member of the NEA Board since 2081.07.04,
succeeding Mr. Gopal Prasad Sigdel.

Similarly, Mr. Dinesh Kumar Ghimire, Secretary
(Revenue) at the Ministry of Finance, joined the
Board as an ex-officio member on 2081.04.30,
following Dr. Ram Prasad Ghimire.

Mr. Hitendra Dev Shakya assumed the role of
ex-officio Member Secretary on 2081.12.12,

succeeding Mr. Kulman Ghising.

Mr. Ratan Bahadur Ayer continues to serve as a
Board member representing the power sector.
During the last fiscal year, the Government of
Nepal appointed new members to fill the vacant
positions on the Board of Directors. As per these
new appointments, Dr. Bal Bahadur Parajuli was
nominated from the power sector, Mr. Shyam
Kishor Yadav from the consumer group, and Mr.
Rohit Paudel from the commerce, industry, and
financial sector.

In total, 29 Board meetings were convened
during the fiscal year 2024/25.

Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI)

Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) stands as
the first utility organization in Nepal to adopt
a formal Gender Equality and Social Inclusion

Nepal Electricity Authority। 101

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

(GESI) Policy, following the endorsement of
the GESI Strategy and Operational Guideline
2020 during its 827th Board Meeting held on
2076/12/06. Since the endorsement, NEA's
management has demonstrated a_ strong
commitment to mainstreaming GESI across its
plans, policies, and annual activities. As part
of this commitment, NEA's 1002nd Board of
Directors' Meeting recently endorsed the NEA
Child Care Center Formation and Operation
Guideline, 2082, while the Code of Conduct on
Sexual Exploitation and Harassment (SEAH) is in
its final stage of endorsement. These initiatives
aim to establish a GESI-friendly workplace and
ensure supportive facilities, aligned with the
long-term vision outlined in the GESI Strategy.

At the directorate level, the Project
Management Directorate, through its Social
Safeguard and Environment Management
Department (SSEMD), has actively implemented
a variety of GESI-focused initiatives. These
include community awareness programs,

102। Nepal Electricity Authority

skill development training, and professional
development activities for NEA staff, such as
officer-level training on smart metering and
customer service.

NEA is also an institutional partner of the South
Asian Regional Network — Women in Power
Sector (WePOWER) since April 2021. As a
committed member, NEA regularly reports its
GESI-related initiatives to WePOWER and has
established itself as a strong representative
within the regional network. Notably, NEA's
Human Resource Director participated in the
WePOWER National Chapter Business Meeting
held on January 30-31, 2025, in Bangkok,
Thailand.

In further support of women's empowerment
in the energy sector, NEA facilitated an
exposure visit to the Devighat Hydropower
Plant and Solar Plant, an event organized by the
WePOWER National Chapter, Nepal.

ADMINISTRATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐन;

ADMINISTRATION

DIRECTORATE
EEE

dministration Directorate is headed by Deputy Managing Director. This directorate plans,

directs and monitors the functions of four different departments namely Human Resource

Department, Recruitment Department, General Service Department and Legal Department.
Each of these departments is headed by a director. This directorate also coordinates the activities
of different directorate and works as a focal point for government and other oversight agencies in
relation to administrative activities of NEA.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

Human Resource Department is responsible for planning, organizing, directing and controlling of
NEA's policies related to human resource management. The main functions of the department are
job analysis, placement, transfer, training and development, staff welfare, disciplinary actions etc.
Personnel Administration Division, Employee Welfare Division, Good Governance Division and
Human Resource Planning and Development Section are supporting units of Human Resources
Department.

In FY 2024/25, Human Resource Department carried out number of activities related to human
resource management. Notable among them are:

1. Merit base placement system has been started for the recommended candidates, who are
selected to competition basis.

2. All employees' profile and service log has been digitized in HRIS System.
3. Transfer management module has induced in HRIS and will be executed by FY 2025/026.

4. "Centralized e-Attendance" has been upgraded and will be integrated with Payroll System in
next year.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 103

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

1. Personnel Administration Division:
a) Central Personnel Administration Section:
Employee Status FY 2024/2025

The statistics of employed human resource till the end of fiscal year 2024/025 is given in the table.

Existing situation

seme Approved
Position। permanent Periodical/ otal
Daily wages
Managing Director

DMD (Level-12) Technical/ Non-Technical 9। 8।

Officer Level

=
(Level 6-11)

ees

Assistant Level
(Level 1-5)
Total

Grand Tota पाई een। 205 जिम

Similarly, Central Personnel Administration Section has accomplished the given human resource
activities in the fiscal year 2024/0235:

S.No Description Remarks

Regular Transfer, deputation in NEA। 490। By provision of NEA Service Bylaws clause 43
projects & NEA Subsidiary Companies 46, 47

Promotion& Placement 388। By provision of NEA Service Bylaws Chapter 7

Special promotion By provision of NEA Service Bylaws clause 67,
100। 4.। New Recruitment and Placement By provision of NEA Service Bylaws Clause 30

5.। Total no of Retired employees 323। Compulsory, voluntary, resignation, dismissal
and deceased

b) Central Personnel Record Section:

This section maintains the record including documents of each permanent employees from
appointment to retirement. This section also calculates the retirement benefit such as pension,
gratuity as well as medical facility, accumulated leave facility etc. During the period, 323 employees
retired and availed this facility.

2. Good Governance Management Division

This division is responsible for maintain good governance in the organization. The division receives
and addresses complaints from government agencies like Commission for the Investigation of
Abuse of Authority (CIAA), National Vigilance Center and Ministry of Energy, Water Resources and
Irrigation as well as NEA.

104। Nepal Electricity Authority

FY 2024/2025

S.No. Agencies Total Complaint Resolved In process

०५
Complaint received from CIAA
National Vigilance Center।।
3. Ministry of Energy, Water Resources and 8।
Irrigation
9।]

3. Employee Welfare Division

Employee Welfare Division provided following facilities to the employees in accordance to NEA
rules and regulations in the F.Y. 2024/2025:

Descriptions . Amount (Rs.)

Natural Disaster

Grant

Pp

Accidental
Medical Insurance

Medical Treatment

Group Payment received from Beema Corporation

Endowment life Additional payment by NEA (Difference)

insurance

4. Human Resource Planning and Development Section

Human Resource Planning and Development Section have completed the following works in the
FY. 2024/2025:

S.N. Action Descriptions
1। Permanent Positions of NEA updated based Total 11433 positions have been approved
on the Organization and Management report.
2। Nomination for Post Graduates Study in NEA। Electrical — 6, Civil-1, Mechanical — 1, MBS-1,
Scholarship LLM -1
3। Leave Granted for Study Purpose in Self 4 employees in different programs
Finance

3

शु। Nomination for Training, Conference, Work- 88 Employees in different programs
shop, Study Visit etc. in aboard

5। Nomination in National Level Workshops, 338 Employees in different programs
Trainings, Conference etc.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 105

ADMINISTRATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 ऐन;

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Descriptions

Reviewed of Temporary Positions for Projects। 1638 Temp Position for 139 Projects including
Transmission Line and substations etc.

7 Nomination for Intern students from various। Interned 1032 students for 3 to 12 months of
academic institutions different Academic Institutions

GENERAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT

General Service Department (GSD) is responsible for vehicle management, logistic support and
security management activities and provides necessary support to concerned offices. It also
manages the land of NEA against encroachment and misuse. The department is also responsible
for events management, public relation and public grievance handling and regular publication of
"Vidyut" magazine and Mandatory Publication (swatah prakashan).

In FY 2024/25, GSD carried out number of activities to fulfill its responsibilities. Notable among
them are:

1. GPS system for vehicle management is in the process of execution.

2. For reliable water supply to corporate office of NEA, Deep Boring plant is installed and is on
the process to be executed.

3. Construction of sophisticated toilet/washroom in corporate office premises is going on.

The following grievances/complaints were lodged and resolved:

Sources of Grievances Total ° Remarks
Complaint

Hotline Number (1150) and 231 grievances are in progress
CRM (Consumer relationship to be resolved.

management system)
2. Hello Sarkar 97 grievances sent to concerned
office are in progress, Twitt 1 complaint was sent to
concerned office is in process

Social media (Facebook, Twitter) t
Email/webmail 62। 6०। 2 complaints were sent to
concerned office are in progress

Complain Box 3 complaints were sent to
concerned office are in progress
1 complaint is being processed
58151 57816। 335 complains are in progress

Stakeholders can submit their complaints and give suggestions through the social media
https://www.facebook.com/nepalelectricityauthority and https://www.twitter.com/hello_nea
and through hotline number 1150 for necessary action.

RECRUITMENT DEPARTMENT

The Recruitment Department, under the Administration Directorate, made significant strides in
strengthening during FY 2024/25. By continuously improving recruitment strategies and promoting
internal through a structured, performance-based system, NEA has effectively aligned its staffing
approach with organizational priorities.

Notably, the department also developed and implemented an online-based procedure to support
the seamless execution of the digital performance appraisal system. These combined efforts have

106। Nepal Electricity Authority

not only advanced NEA's strategic objectives but have also contributed to building a competent
and resilient workforce capable of driving sustainable institutional growth.

Recruitment Highlights

NEA continued to follow a rigorous and transparent recruitment process, ensuring the selection
of qualified candidates for permanent positions. Both external and internal applicants were
considered, in accordance with NEA's workforce planning framework. Particular focus was given
to enhancing diversity, inclusivity, and reducing time-to-hire.

e Selections Made: 245 candidates were selected for permanent positions following the vacancy
announcement on November 10, 2023.

e Applications Received: A total of 49,661 applications were received for 2,533 positions
advertised on December 20, 2024.

Promotion Highlights

NEA remains committed to fostering internal career growth through a structured, transparent,
and merit-based promotion system. Promotions were recommended based on a combination of
performance evaluations and seniority, ensuring fairness and adherence to NEA bylaws.

e Internal Competitive Promotions:

47 candidates were recommended for promotion through internal competition as per the
November 10, 2023 vacancy.

A total of 2,571 applications were received for promotions through internal competition
following the vacancy announcement of December 20, 2024.

e Performance and Seniority-Based Promotions:

318 employees were promoted based on seniority and performance appraisal (Jesthata
and Karyasampadana Mulyankan).

198 employees were promoted through performance-based evaluation (Karyakshamata
Mulyankan) in line with NEA's internal bylaws.

Open and internal competition examinations were conducted by the Public Service Commission,
with final results expected to be published shortly.

Enhancement in Performance Appraisal and Promotion System

The Recruitment Department has adopted a robust and seamless performance appraisal system
that objectively evaluates employees based on well-defined metrics. This approach ensures a fair
and evidence-based promotion process, strengthening transparency and accountability.

Online Performance Appraisal System

NEA has implemented an online based digital performance appraisal system. This platform enables
employees to submit their appraisal forms and facilitated evaluation by respective supervisors and
reviewers accessing and the review committee-all through a convenient and fully digital workflow.

e A remarkable 8,249 employees-representing over 98% of NEA's workforce—successfully
completed their performance appraisals online in FY 2024/25.

e The system also provides a framework to integrate Key Performance Indicators (KPI) and Key
Performance Areas (KPA), improving the accuracy and effectiveness of employee evaluations.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 107

ADMINISTRATION DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

This initiative marks a transformative step toward a merit-based, data-driven HR culture, directly
linking employee performance with career development and promotion opportunities.

The Recruitment Department has adopted a fully digital, online-based system to carry out its
functions, contributing to NEA's ongoing digital transformation.

LEGAL DEPARTMENT

The legal department involves in arbitration, legal drafting, bid evaluation, investigation, case
study and negotiations. In FY 2024/25, the department provided 116 numbers of legal advices to
the different NEA offices. During the year, 348 number of cases were registered in different Courts/
Revenue Tribunal for and against of NEA. The different Courts/Revenue Tribunal have finalized 134
number of cases, out of them, 95 verdicts were in favor of NEA and 39 cases were against the NEA,
214 cases are currently under consideration. 13 disputes on various contract of NEA have filed for
arbitration. Among them, 2 cases are against NEA and 11 cases are yet to be decided.

The administrative review committee, formed according to the Employees Services Bylaws, in
Disciplinary action related issues, 6 cases were registered in which 4 cases have been decided and
2 cases are currently under consideration. In Promotion related issues, 21 cases were registered
and all cases are currently under consideration.

The administrative review committee, formed according to the Electricity Distribution Bylaws, 80
cases were registered in which 37 cases have been decided and 43 cases are under consideration.

108। Nepal Electricity Authority

1. Introduction

The Finance Directorate (FD), led by the DMD
(Deputy Managing Director), is responsible
for all of NEA's financial operations. Core
responsibilities include managing revenue
streams, monitoring and supervision of books
of accounts, Planning & controlling budget
and expenditures, handling the organization's
overall finances and ensuring regulatory
compliances. There are three departments
under finance directorate namely Accounts,
Corporate finance and Regulatory Compliance
Department. Institutional Strengthening
Project under this directorate has been created
for implementation of revenue management
(RMS) & Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
system.

2. Operational Performance

The total available energy in FY 2024/25
of 15,641 Million Units (MU) includes NEA
generation of 2,953 MU, NEA subsidiaries
2,400 MU, IPPs 8,606 MU. NEA has imported
1,681 MU energy in dry season in this year.
Total of 11,343 MU has been utilized in Nepal,
and 2,380 MU was exported to India. In this
fiscal year, NEA has successfully become a net
exporter of energy in terms of both quantum
and amount. Total availability of energy has
been increased by 11.99% as compared to
previous year 2023/24. Total consumption
inside Nepal has been increased by 10.74% in
the current fiscal year. Furthermore, Export
has been increased by 22.31% as compared to
previous year 2023/24 of total 1,946 MU. There
has been reduction in aggregate system loss
from 12.73% in previous year to 12.26% this

FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2% है No}

FINANCE
DIRECTORATE

year which is the lowest system loss observed
till date.

3. Number of Consumers

By the end of the fiscal year 2024/25, the
number of consumers has reached 5.71 million
excluding around 0.33 million consumers
served by the Community Rural Electrification
Program (CREP). NEA sells power to CREP in
bulk and provides operational and management
support.

Domestic consumers accounted for 91.08% of
total electricity consumers in FY2024/25, while
industrial and other consumers reported for
1.23% and 7.69% respectively.

4. Revenue

During the fiscal year 2024/25, net sales
revenue was accounted to NRs 125,277 million
after a rebate of NRs 1,505 million which was
provided to consumers who paid on time
in compliance with the electricity collection
regulations. Net sales revenue has increased by
8.46% as compared to the previous year of NRs
115,505 million.

Income from other services has been slightly
decreased from NRs. 10,650 million in the
previous fiscal year to NRs.10,033 million in the
current fiscal year. Furthermore, the finance
income has decreased by 10% from NRs 3,964
million in the previous year to NRs.3,568 million
in this fiscal year.

5. Cost of Sales

The overall cost of sales has increased from
NRs. 88,778 million in the previous fiscal year

Nepal Electricity Authority। 109

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

to NRs. 97,787 million in the current fiscal
year 2024/25. All of the costs involved in
generation, transmission and distribution of
electricity are included in the cost of sales.
The cost of generation has slightly decreased
from 2,210 million in the previous year to NRs.
2,075 million in this fiscal year, while the cost of
transmission has been increased by 36.67% and
reached to NRs. 3,242 million in current fiscal
year. Distribution costs has been decreased
from NRs. 12,562 million in the previous
year to NRs. 12,228 million in this fiscal year.
Expenditures for power purchase has risen from
NRs. 69,007 million in 2023/24 to NRs. 77,101
million in 2024/25. The royalty fee and power
export service charge of NRs. 1,849 Million and
NRs.1,292 Million respectively added to the
total cost of sales in this year.

6. Other Costs

The expected interest expense for FY 2024/25
is NRs. 7,173 million, increased from NRs. 6,462
million in FY 2023/24. Also, the total amount on
depreciation & amortization of Property, Plant
& Equipment and Intangible assets amounted
to NRs. 9,485 million in FY 2024/25, increased
from NRs. 9,143 million in FY 2023/24. During
the period the foreign exchange loss was NRs.
2,252 million. Provision amounting to NRs 2000
million has been made for employee long-
term liabilities which include gratuity, pension,
medical facilities, insurance, and accumulated
leave in FY 2024/25.

7. Profit & Loss

The total incomes and expenditures for the
current fiscal year were recorded at NRs
138,878 million and NRs 129,811 million
respectively. Consequently, the net profit
before tax amounted to NRs 9,067 million. After
accounting for deferred tax expenses of 2,621
million, the net profit after tax reached 6,446
million. The retained earnings had increased
from NRs. 46,473 million in the previous year to
NRs. 52,835 million in the current year.

8. Other Non-Current Assets

Non-current assets include property, plant,
and equipment (PPE), capital work in progress
(CWIP), investments, loans & advances at

110। Nepal Electricity Authority

amortized cost. NEA added gross NRs. 7,379
million in property, plant and equipment
following the completion of distribution system
reinforcements, rural electrification projects,
substations, transmission line and distribution
line projects resulting net property plant &
equipment NRs 242,066 million in FY 2024/25.

NEA invested on a wide range of projects
related to power generation, transmission, and
distribution. The net increase in capital works
in progress was NRs. 36,457 million, resulting
to NRs. 257,312 million in FY 2024/25. GON
equity & loans, foreign loans & grants, and
NEA's internal fund were among the sources
of financing. Most of the funds are utilized
in electrification projects, transmission line,
substation and hydro-electricity projects.

Investments in subsidiaries, associates, joint
ventures, and others amounted to NRs. 49,460
million in the fiscal year 2024/25 including
NRs 8,065 million fair value reserve as per
NFRS till 2023/24. During this fiscal year, NRs.
3,874 million has been invested in subsidiaries,
associates, and other companies.

9. Current Assets

Current assets include inventories, trade
receivables, prepaid advances & deposits,
short term loans to subsidiaries, cash & cash
equivalents, and current tax assets. Current
assets by the end of this fiscal year accounted
to NRs. 76,488 million which is 11.18% of total
assets. Total trade & other receivables reached
NRs. 37,853 million till the end of current year,
including NRs. 29,419 million from industrial
consumers, NRs. 7,713 million from streetlight
consumers and NRs. 6,220 million from others.
Out of total trade receivables from industrial
consumers, dedicated & trunkline dues totalled
NRs 26,033 million including surcharge. During
the period, impairment of 5500 million has
been made for the trade receivables.

NEA has claimed Rs 4,660 million to GON against
COVID subsidy provided by GoN to consumers
which is yet to be received.

10. Non-Current Liabilities

The total amount of long-term borrowings
from the GoN, amounted to NRs. 264,673

million in fiscal year 2024/25, compared to
NRs. 245,118 million in the fiscal year 2023/24.
NEA has received a loan of NRs. 300 million and
NRs 23,071 million from the GoN and donor
agencies in FY 2024/25 respectively. Donors
have committed additional loan financing of
NRs. 36,418 million in the current year 2025/26
for existing and new projects.

11. Current Liabilities & Provisions

Current liabilities include trade & other liabilities
and short-term borrowings. Since NEA's
internal cash generation is utilized for long term
construction projects, all reflected short-term
borrowings as per the loan agreement with
GON are yet to be paid. Current liabilities by the
end of this fiscal year accounted to NRs. 73,717
million which is 17.54% of total liabilities.

12. Equity

Equity includes the aggregate of share capital,
retained earnings, and other reserves. NEA has
received NRs. 2,262 million as share capital in
FY 2024/25. NEA has reinvested its retained
earnings into various generation, transmission,
and distribution projects to enhance the
reliability of power system. As a result, NEA has
not yet distributed any dividends. Donors have
committed NRs.2,445 million in the current
year 2025/26 as grant for enhancing quality
and reliability of power system.

13. Contribution to GON treasury

NEA has contributed to GON treasury total NRs
15,125 million in current fiscal year 2024/25
which includes royalties, interest, advance tax,
VAT, Tax deduction at source (TDS) amounting to
NRs. 2,104 million, 7,173 million, 2,603 million,
535 million and 2,710 million respectively.

14. Accounts & Audit

The accounts department is responsible mainly
for the management of accounts, ensuring the
confidentiality of financial records, preparation
of financial statements, execution of statutory
audits, resolution of irregularities, and
interaction with tax authorities.

Since FY 2022/23, audit of the financial
statements has been completed and income
tax return has been filed within the time frame

FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है Ne}

mandated by the Income Tax Act of 2058.
Substantial amount of penalties has been saved
due to timely filing of the Income tax return.

The final income tax assessment for fiscal year
FY 2020/21 has been concluded by the Large
Taxpayer's Office (LTO). NEA Board and audit
committee periodically assesses the audit
qualifications and instructs management to
resolve issues. The resolution of policy-related
audit qualifications is being addressed by
management through the implementation of a
time-bound action plan.

NEA। preparing consolidated financial
statements in accordance' with the
Nepal Financial Reporting Standards (NFRS)
from the fiscal year 2018/19. Three chartered
accountants Mr. Sunir Kumar Dhungel, Mr.
Jiwan Kumar Budhathoki and Mr. Prachanda
Dhoj Karki has been designated by Office of the
Auditor General (OAG) to carry out statutory
audit for the fiscal year 2024/25 under their
direct supervision. NEA anticipates successfully
concluding audit within the timeframe specified
by OAG for the current fiscal year.

NEA received an institutional rating of AA+ from
ICRA Nepal Ltd in FY 2021/22. The surveillance
activities for the fiscal year 2023/24 has been
completed and reaffirmed the issuer rating at
AA+.

15. Centralized Financial Systems

Finance Directorate is leading a centralized
accounting project for the centralization of
Accounting, Inventory and Assets Management
System (AMS). With regard to Accounting
and AMS system, new system has already
commenced from the start of fiscal year 2024/25
after the proper migration and verification of
data since FY 2059/60. Centralization system
will assists in the timely preparation of the
financial statements, planning & budgeting,
reporting and conducting the audit in an
efficient and effective way.

Vendor centralization has been successfully
completed due to which we are able to control
the transactions with vendors and restrict the
transactions with non-filer parties from the
central level. Further due to centralization of

Nepal Electricity Authority। 111

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

TAX and VAT, TDS/VAT of all the offices can
be deposited from the central level through a
single transaction. Timely deposition of TDS/
VAT could be ensured and there will be no over
burden of fines/penalties to NEA because of
delay deposition and conducting transactions
with non-filer parties.

Moreover, NEA has planned to streamline the
inventory control system and reconcile the old
long time pending inter-unit transactions by
fiscal year 2025/26.

16. Institutional Strengthening Project (ISP)

NEA is currently undertaking efforts to
modernize its diverse operational activities with
the aim of enhancing overall efficiency. NEA is
engaged to enhance the effectiveness of its
financial accounting and management decision
support systems. Presently ISP is working with
the procurement and implementation of three
packages: (i) Supply and Installation of Revenue
Management System (RMS) (ii) Supply and
Installation of ERP based Integrated Financial
Management Information System (IFMIS) and
(iii) Project Management Consultant (PMC) for
the supervision of implementations of IFMIS
and RMS at NEA.

Regarding RMS, major milestones including
requirements Gathering, Updated [7२5
verification, System Customization, Data
Cleansing, Finalizing Data Governance List,
Piloting of Data Digitization of consumers'
legacy documents, pre-UAT workshops and
Installation & commissioning of IT infrastructure
and related software in NEA's Data Center have
already been completed. NEA is heading for
Pilot Go-live of the system.

Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) intends to
implement ERP based IFMIS for integrated data
collection, analysis and sharing platform to
address the key business challenges and share
the data across various functional areas which
can make its business processes efficient, more
robust, and reliable to meet the present and
future challenges.

The Project Management Consultant (PMC),
M/s Deloitte Touche Tomatsu India LLP is
already onboard and is currently assisting in

112। Nepal Electricity Authority

preparing the budgetary estimate and RFP
document of IFMIS. PMC is also supervising
the implementation of Revenue Management
System (RMS) for RMS Project.

17. Retirement Fund

The Retirement Fund oversees the operation and
management of the Contributory Retirement
Fund (RF) of NEA employees hired after 17
July 2006 as well as the Employees Security
Fund (ESF) of all NEA employees. At the end of
FY 2024/25, 6,506 and 8,115 employees were
involved in the RF and ESF respectively. At the
end of FY 2024/25, the total fund balance was
8,959 million NPR, of which 1,641 million NPR
has been provided as loan to the contributors.
Investments in Fixed deposits at banks and
debentures amount to 7,244 million NPR at the
end of FY 2024/25. The Retirement Fund also
makes retirement payments of NEA's staff from
FY 2022/23.

18. Regulatory Compliance Department

The Regulatory Compliance Department (RCD)
is mainly responsible for conducting activities
related to the economic/financial, commercial
and market analysis of NEA, coordinating with
Electricity Regulatory Commission (ERC), Nepal
Telecom Authority (NTA) and other related
regulatory bodies as a focal unit. It reviews the
existing external corporate compliance rules
and regulations as well as compliance provision
of investment partners.

RCD has prepared the tariff petition to ERC
via authorization of NEA Board abiding by
the regulation of ERC. The preliminary tariff
petition has prepared and presented to NEA
board which is under review. In addition to
this, the department has conducted the study
of consumption pattern for the projection
of demand and growth pattern of various
categories of consumers, development of
retail tariff module, study of the cost of service
provided by NEA to each individual consumer
categories (domestic, industrial, commercial
and other categories), economic and financial
analysis for NEA and regulatory compliance
reporting.

FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '

Nepal Electricity Authority
Highlights of FY 2024/25

Revenue
Net Sales Revenue -Nepal (M.NRs.)

FY 2025*

107,806

98,464

FY 2024 Increase/(Decrease)
Amount %

Net Sales Revenue Export(M.NRs.)

17,471

17,040

Total Revenue (M. NRs.)
Cost of Sales

Generation Expenses (M. NRs.)

125,277

(2,075)

115,505

(2,210)

135

Power Purchase- Subsidaries (M. NRs.)

(10,851)

(10,732)

(119)

1.11

Power Purchase- IPPs (M. NRs.)

(53,326)

(41,473)

11,854)

Power Service Export Charge (M. NRs.)

(1,292)

(990)

Power Purchase -India (M. NRs.) (12,923) (16,802) 3,879 (23.09)
Royalty (M. NRs.) (1,849) (1,636) (212) 12.98
Transmission Expenses (M. NRs.) (3,242) (2,372) (870) 36.67

Distribution Expenses (M. NRs.)

(12,228)

(12,562)

Total Cost of Sales
[GrossProft, = «। Profit
Income from other Services (M.NRs.)

(97,787)

1 0,033

(88,778)

10,650

(618)

(5.80)

Personnel Expenses (Inc Retirement Benefits (M.NRs.)

General Administration & Operating Expenses (M.NRs.)

(6,788)

(5,863)

(925)

15.77

Finance Income (M. NRs.)

3,568

3,964

(396)

Depreciation and Amortisation Expenses (M.NRs.) (9,485) (9,143) (342) 3.74
Net Operating Expenses (M. NRs) (7,030) (4,924) (2,106) 42.77
Operating Profit (M. NRs.) 20,460 21,802 (1,342) (6.16)

(9.99)

Finance Cost (M. NRs.)

(7,173)

(6,462)

(711)

11.00

Forex Gain/(Loss) (M. NRs.)
Impairment (Charge)/ Reversal (M.NRs.)

(2,252)
(5,500)

334
(5,162)

(2,586)
(338)

(774.09)
6.55

Other Non Operating Expenses (M.NRs.)

(36)

(12)

( 24)

211.21

Share of Profit/(Losses) from JV/Associates (M.NRs)
Net Profit/(Loss) Before Tax(M. NRs.)

9067। 14,465। (5,398)। (37.32)

Purchased Energy (GWh) - IPPs

Total Available Electric Energy (GWh) 15,641। 13,966। 1,675। 1199।
NEA Generation (GWh) 2,953 2,911 42 1.45
Purchased Energy (GWh) - Subsidaries 2,400 2,597 (197) (7.58)

31.11

Purchased Energy (GWh) - India

(11.28)

Average Power Power Purchase Rate

Average Power Purcahse Rate- (NRs./KWh) 6.08 6.24 (0.16) (2.64)
Total Sales of Electricity (GWh) 13,723। 12,189। 1,935। 12.59।

Internal Sold/Utilized (GWh) 11,343 10,243 1,100 10.74

Exported Energy (GWh) 2,380 1,946 434 22.31
Average Sales Rate

Average sales Price of Electricity Overall (NRs./kWh) 9.13 9.48 (0.35) (3.67

[Others।
Peak Load Interconnected System (GWh)

Self Consumption (GWh)

Net System Losses (Percentage)

Number of Consumers

5,707,528

5,459,275। 248,253। 48,253। 455। 55

Note: *Provisional figures (Subject to audit)

Nepal Electricity Authority। 113

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Nepal Electricity Authority

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Significant Accounting Policies and Explanatory Notes

For the year ended Ashad 32, 2082 (July 16, 2025)

1. CONSTITUTION AND OWNERSHIP

Nepal Electricity Authority ('NEA')
was incorporated on Bhadra 1, 2042 (16
August, 1985) under the Nepal Electricity
Authority Act, 1984, through the merger of
the Department of Electricity of Ministry
of Water Resources, Nepal Electricity
Corporation and related Development Boards.
The merger was necessitated to remedy the
inherent weaknesses associated with these
fragmented _ electricity organizations with
overlapping and duplication of works, and
became necessary to achieve efficiency and
reliable service.

116 principal objectives of NEA include
generation, transmission and_ distribution
of adequate, reliable and affordable electric
power by planning, constructing, operating
such facilities in Nepal's power system both
interconnected and isolated.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2.1 Basis of preparation of Financial
Statements

116 financial statements of the NEA,

which comprises Statement of Financial

Position, Statement of Profit or Loss & Other
Comprehensive In- come, Statement of Cash
Flows and Statement of Changes in Equity
have been prepared in accordance with Nepal
Financial Reporting Standards ("NFRS") issued
by the Accounting Standards Board Nepal, which
are materially in conformity with International
Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") issued by
the International Accounting Standards Board
(IASB).

a The figures for the previous year are
rearranged and_ reclassified wherever
necessary for the purpose of comparison.

b Appropriate disclosures are made for the
effect of any change in accounting policy

118। Nepal Electricity Authority

accounting estimate and adjustment of
error.

८ The financial statements are prepared,
generally, on accrual basis. However, some
items are accounted on a cash basis, for
practical reasons. Management has adopted
such practice due to impracticability for
recognizing those items on accrual basis and
the impact of those items are not material.

त Management 95 applied estimation
while preparing and presenting financial
statements. Such specific estimates are
disclosed in individual section wherever
they have been applied.

e The NEA's management has made an
assessment of NEA's ability to continue as
a going concern and is satisfied that NEA has
the resources to continue in business for
the foreseeable future. Furthermore, the
management is not aware of any material
uncertainties that may cast significant doubt
upon the NEA's ability to continue as a going
concern.

2.2 Functional and Presentation Currency

Items included in the financial statements of
the NEA are measured and presented using the
currency of the primary economic environment
in which NEA operates (the functional currency),
which is the Nepalese Rupees (indicated as Rs.
in short).

2.3 Property, Plant and Equipment
Recognition

Property, plant and equipment are tangible
items that are held for use in the production or
supply of services, for rental to others or for
administrative purposes and are expected to be
used during more than one period. Property,
plant and equipment are recognized 1 it
is probable that future economic benefits

associated with the asset will flow to the entity
and the cost of the asset can be measured
reliably. NEA applies the requirements of
the Nepal Accounting Standard - NAS 16
(Property, Plant and Equipment) in accounting for
these assets.

Initial Measurement

An item of property, plant and equipment that
qualifies for recognition as an asset is initially
measured at its cost. Cost includes expenditure
that is directly attributable to the acquisition of
the asset and cost incurred subsequently to add
and replace part of an item of property, plant &
equipment. The cost of self-constructed assets
includes the cost of materials and direct labor,
any other costs directly attributable to bringing
the asset in working condition for its intended
use and the costs of dismantling and removing
the items and restoring the site on which they
are located. Purchased software that is integral
to the functionality of the related equipment
is capitalized as part of such equipment. When
parts of an item of property or equipment
have different useful lives, they are accounted
for as separate items (major components) of
property, plant and equipment.

Subsequent Measurement Cost Model

Property, Plant and equipment are stated at cost
less accumulated depreciation and accumulated
impairment in value. Such cost includes, cost of
replacing part of the equipment when that cost
is incurred, if the recognition criteria are met.

Revaluation Model

Revaluation model is applied for class of assets
instead of particular assets. On revaluation
of relating to the same class asset, which was
charged to the Statement of Profit or Loss. Any
decrease in the carrying amount is recognized
as an expense in the Statement of Profit or Loss
or debited to the Other Comprehensive income
to the extent of any credit balance existing in
the capital reserve in respect of that class of
asset. In the case of reversal, the increased
amount is recognized as income to the extent
of previous written down value.

FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2% है छ)

2.4 Depreciation/Amortization

Depreciation is provided on property, plant
and equipment, except land, on straight-line
method, based on the estimated useful lives of
those assets. The rates of depreciation applied
on property, plant and Equipment are as follows:

Depreciation Rate
(per annum)

Assets Category

Land

Buildings

Hydro Electric Structures
Hydro Electric Plant &
Machinery

Internal Combustion on
plant & machinery
Transmission lines (66 KV,
132 KV and above)
Transmission lines (33 KV
( Transmission Substations

(1)। Distribution system
(including below11 KV
Transmission lines)

2%-3%

3%

2.5%

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
h)

3%-4%

(j)। Solar Power

(k)। Meter &

metering 10%
equipment
Public lighting

Vehicles,

tools and 20%
instruments, — furniture
and fixtures.
Office Equipment

(I)
(m)
(n)

>
_

(0)
(p)। Miscellaneous properties 50%
)

Additions during the year

Carrying amount of property, plant
and equipment is kept at minimum value of
1 Rupee and is not depreciated further an
asset, any increase in the carrying amount is
recognized in 'Other Comprehensive Income'
and accumulated in equity, under capital reserve
or used to reverse a previous revaluation
decrease.

Proportionate

Nepal Electricity Authority। 119

A 701२ 11 REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

2.5 Capital Work in Progress (CWIP)

All expenditures in developing property, plant
and equipment not yet completed or not
ready to use is categorized as CWIP. The value
of capital works-in-progress includes stock of
materials, equipment lying in store or in transit
for the purpose of use in the construction or
development. It also includes the balances
with contractors and suppliers for the value
yet to be received. These are capitalized upon
commissioning or identified as being ready to
use. Provisions are made for impairment and
obsolescence, if any, in the value of such CWIP.

2.6 Investments and Other Financial assets

Classification

NEA classifies its financial assets in the following
measurement categories:

= Fair value through Profit or loss (FVTPL)

=» Fair value through other comprehensive
income (FVTOCI).

=» Amortized Cost

The classification depends on the entity's
business model for managing the _ financial
assets and contractual terms of the cash flows.

For assets measured at fair value, gains and
losses will either be recorded in statement of
profit or loss or other comprehensive income.
For investment in debt instruments, this
will depend on the business model in which
investment is held.

Measurement

At initial recognition, NEA measures financial
assets at fair value, which are classified as
FVTOCI and Amortized cost. Transaction costs of
financial assets carried at FVTPL are expensed
in the statement of profit or loss.

Debt Instrument

Subsequent measurement of debt instrument
depends on the 785 business model

120। Nepal Electricity Authority

for managing the asset and the cash flow
characteristics of the asset.

Equity Investment

NEA subsequently measures all equity
investments in subsidiaries at fair value. NEA's
management has elected to present fair value
gains and losses on equity. Equity investment
may be classified as per business model of NEA
in either FVTPL if such equities are Held for
Trading or In FVTOCI if such assets are classified
as Available for Sales. Changes in the fair value
of financial assets at FVTPL are recognized
in the statement of profit or loss whereas
changes in fair value of any equity investments
measured at FVTOCI are adjusted through fair
value reserve.

2.7. Inventories

a. Inventories include goods in hand being
held for use, sale or as spares.

b. Inventories are valued at lower of cost or
net realizable value, using the weighted
average method.

c. Net realizable value is the sale price
as estimated by the management in
the ordinary course of business, less
estimated costs, if any, necessary to make
the sale. Further, provision for losses
and obsolescence are made for those
inventories identified by management as
obsolete or otherwise.

2.8 Trade Receivables

Trade receivable are stated at carrying values
except for those identified by the management
as being doubtful on recovery. Such estimations
for doubtful recovery are reviewed by the
management for impairment testing and
provided as impairment allowance in case of
need of impairment.

2.9 Cash and Cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost.
They include cash-in-hand, cash-in-transit
(bank transfers and cheques in collection which
are collected in the subsequent period), and
short- term deposits with banks in the various
forms of deposit accounts which may or may
not bear interest, but which are not of the
nature of investments. Provision for loss in lieu
of shortage of cash and cash equivalents are
made for, if any, in the value of such cash and
cash equivalents.

2.10 Share Capital

Share capital amount received in the form of
cash and cash equivalent from Government
of Nepal are accounted as and when received.
Such amount includes initial contribution made
by Government of Nepal. Eligible amounts are
capitalized as share capital such as interest
during construction period, grant amount
received from Government of Nepal and on
behalf of Government of Nepal as per the
decision of Government of Nepal (Council
of Ministers). Amount reflected under share
allotment suspense is also categorized as Issued
and Paid up share capital. Related share issue
expenses incurred, if any, are deducted from
Share Capital.

2.11 Reserves

Non-revenue nature incomes are presented
under reserves and surplus which includes
capital reserve, general reserve, insurance
fund, corporate social responsibility fund and
accumulated profit or losses balance. Assets
created by utilizing consumer contribution
are recognized at gross value corresponding
amount is recognized as consumer contribution
as reserve.

2.12 Corporate Social Responsibility Fund

Corporate Social Responsibility Fund is created
by setting aside one percent of net profits as
per the provision of Industrial Enterprises Act.

FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

2.13 Insurance Fund

Insurance fund is created by setting aside a sum
of Rs. 20 million every year, in case of profit
for the year, to cover any loss of property, plant
and equipment, for any eventuality.

2.14 Provision for Employees' Bonus

Provision for employees' bonus is made at the
rate of 2% of net profits as per the provision of
Electricity Regulations, 2050.

2.15 Borrowings

Borrowings are subsequently carried at
amortized cost and any difference between
the proceeds (net of Transaction costs) &
the redemption value is recognized in the
statement of profit or loss over the period of
the borrowings using the effective interest rate
method.

Further, borrowings that are due after 12
months from the date of the financial position
are classified as non-current liabilities and those
less than 12 months are classified as current
liabilities.

2.16 Foreign Currency Loans

Liabilities on foreign currency loans at the
year- end are converted into Nepali Rupees by
applying prevailing year-end exchange rate. The
gain / losses arising there from such transactions
are recognized in Statement of Profit or Loss.

2.17 Sundry Creditors and Other Payables

Liabilities for creditors and other payables are
carried at cost which is the fair value of the
consideration to be paid in the future for the
goods/services received, whether or not billed
to the NEA.

2.18 Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the NEA has
a present legal or constructive obligation as
a result of past events, it is probable that an
outflow of resources embodying economic
benefits will be required to settle the obligation
and the reliable estimate of the amount can be
made.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 121

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Recognition of Provisions involves substantial
degree of estimation in measurement.
Provisions are reviewed at the end of each
reporting date and are adjusted accordingly to
reflect the current best estimate.

2.19 Employee Benefits
Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including
non-monetary benefits that are expected to be
settled wholly within 12 months after the
end of the period in which the employees
render the related service are recognized in
respect of employees' services up to the end
of the reporting period and are measured at the
amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities
are settled. The liabilities are presented as
current employee benefit obligations in the
Statement of Financial Position.

Other long- term employee benefit obligations

The liabilities for earned leave and sick leave
are not expected to be settled wholly within
12 months after the end of the period in
which the employees render the related
service. They are therefore measured as the
present value of expected future payments
to be made in respect of services provided
by employees up to the end of the reporting
period using the projected unit credit method.
The benefits are discounted using the market
yields at the end of the reporting period that
have terms approximating to the terms of
the related obligation. Re-measurements as a
result of experience adjustments and changes
in actuarial assumptions are recognized in
statement of profit or loss.

The obligations are presented as current
liabilities in the Statement of Financial Position if
the entity does not have an unconditional right
to defer settlement for at least twelve months
after the end of reporting period, regardless
of when the actual settlement is expected to
occur.

122। Nepal Electricity Authority

Post-employment obligations

NEA operates the following post-employment
schemes:

m Defined benefit plans such as gratuity,
pension, insurance, leave, medical facilities
etc.

m Defined contribution plans such as
provident fund, retirement fund etc.

Defined Benefit Plan Obligation

The liability or asset recognized in the
Statement of Financial Position in respect of
defined benefit plans are the present value
of the defined benefit obligation at the end
of the reporting period less the fair value of
plan assets. The defined benefit obligation
is calculated annually by actuaries using the
projected unit credit method.

Re-measurement gains and losses arising
from experience adjustments and changes in
actuarial assumptions are recognized in the
period in which they occur, directly in other
comprehensive income. They are included in
retained earnings in the consolidated statement
of changes in equity and in the Statement of
Financial Position.

Defined contribution Plan

NEA pays defined contributions to publicly
administered provident funds established as per
prevailinglawsin force.।Inadditiontocontribution
to provident fund, for staff joining NEA from
Shrawan 1St 2063 B.S., NEA has established
equal contributory based approved retirement
fund. NEA has no further payment obligations
once the contributions have been paid. The
contributions are accounted for as defined
contribution plans and the contributions are
recognized as employee benefit expense when
they are due.

2.20 Grant-in-Aid and Contribution from

Customer/ Local Authority

Grants-in-Aid received from the GoN or other

agencies towards capital expenditure as well
as consumers' contribution to capital work
are treated initially as Capital Reserve and
subsequently adjusted as income in the same
proportion as depreciation is charged on such
assets.

2.21 Contingent Assets and Liabilities

Contingent assets and liabilities are disclosed
in respect of possible present obligations that
have arose from past events but their existence
can only be confirmed on occurrence or non-
occurrence of one or more uncertain future
events not wholly within the control of NEA
and possibility of outflow of resources is not
determinable. A contingent asset is disclosed,
where aninflow of economic benefit is probable.

2.22 Revenue from Sale of Electricity

Revenue from sale of electricity is recognized at
the time of raising bills to the customers as per
the billing cycle on accrual basis. Revenue from
the billing cycle date up to Ashad End (Mid-
July) has been recognized and is shown at gross
amount.

2.23 Rebate

NEA allows rebate in order to motivate
consumers to pay their electricity bills earlier
than given credit period and accounted for on
cash basis.

2.24 Other Income

a. Interest on loan investments and rental
income are recognized on accrual basis.

b. Dividend on investment in shares is
recognized when right to receive has been
established.

c. Revenue from other services, including
services provided for Engineering Services,
is recognized on cash basis.

d. Penalty chargeable on late commercial
operation date (COD) under power
purchase agreement (PPA) are accounted
for on cash basis.

FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es

e. Surcharge on delayed payment etc. are
accounted for on cash basis.

2.25 Cost of Sales

Cost of Sales includes cost of generation, power
purchase, royalties to Government of Nepal,
transmission and transmission service charges.
Cost of generation includes cost directly
attributable to generation of electricity of NEA's
power plants including distribution expenses.
Power purchase cost comprises power
purchase from independent power producers
and power imports. Royalties to Government
of Nepal accounted as per the provisions of
Electricity Act and Regulations. Transmission
and transmission service charge involves costs
that are directly attributable to transmission of
power within NEA transmission networks and
transmission service charges for cross boarder
power transmission.

2.26 Distribution Expenses

Distribution expenses includes cost that are
directly attributable to distribution of power
&expenses relating consumer services and
expenses of community rural electrification
expenses. Distribution expenses also includes
maintenance of low voltage transmission lines
and system operation costs also.

2.27 Taxes
a. Current tax

Current Tax is determined as the amount
of tax payable in respect of taxable income
for the year considering the applicable
provisions of Income Tax Act.

b. Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary
difference, being the difference between
tax base of assets and liability and carrying
amount thereto. Where there is carry
forward losses, deferred tax assets are
recognized only if there is virtual certainty
of realization of such assets. Other deferred
tax assets are recognized only to the extent

Nepal Electricity Authority। 123

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

there is reasonable certainty of realization
in future.

2.28 Finance Cost

Finance costs includes borrowing cost and other
interest expenses & charges on borrowings.
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable
to the construction of a qualifying asset are
included in the cost of that asset. Other interest
& charges on borrowing are treated as an
expense in the period in which it occurs.

124। Nepal Electricity Authority

2.29 Foreign Currency Transactions

The transactions in foreign currency recognized
at the prevailing rate on transaction date. The
balances of monetary assets and liabilities in
foreign currencies are translated at closing rate.
The resulting gain or loss due to the translation
is taken to Statement of Profit or Loss.

Uf FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Statistics & Schematics

AVAILABILITY OF ENGERGY (15,644 MMU) ENERGY छि कण SYSTEM LOSS (15,641
0

> 1% 1 2.26%
15.2 छि
5508 72.52%

NEA Hydro Generation हा Purchase NEA Subsidaries

Binernal Sales & Station Utilized @ Export System Loss
हा Purchase IPPs Nepal हा Purchase India

Gross Sales Revenue (Rs 126,781 Million) Total Income (Rs 138,878Million)
}
2.57%
21.05%

@ 33.64%
13.85%
31.46% 90.21%

@ Operating Income @ Finance Income 5 Other Income

@ Domestic @ Industrial @ Export g@ Others

EXPENDITURES (Rs 129,811 Million) TOTAL CONSUMERS (5,707,528)
11.84%
eS 69%

1.23%

91.08%

हा Power Purchase Interest हा Depreciation
हा Domestic हा Industrial हा Others

m@ Royalty @ Other Cost of Sales हा Other Costs

Nepal Electricity Authority। 125, a sa जा)
as

Sex

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Financial Dashboard

Overall Revenue Including Other Income

160,000
138,878

140,000 --77711111

120,000
100,000
5
S 30,000
$ 60,000 51,703

35,074
40,000।

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025*

Overall Revenue

Migs Electricity Sales Mg Finance & Other Income

Profit & Loss & Net Profit Margin

20%

15,000
मन नन लन लन लाल ला १ उ
जी नए क 3371 नि
10,000 11,754 कमारी न. 10%
भि नन 10,527 ति
~eorr" 9,406 लिन बक
0 x
a / 6,099 6446 % ४
sO A 10% 2
र छ 6
2 (8,890) o
(5,000) -20% छु
2
(10,000) -30%
15,000 -40%
(15,000)
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025*
Expenses Breakup
140,000
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132

FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

System Load Curve (Maximum Demand)

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Nepal Electricity Authority। 133

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

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FINANCE DIRECTORATE। FISCAL YEAR 2024/202

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A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

ANNEX-1
ELECTRICITY TARIFF
TARIFF RATES

1. Domestic Consumers

1.1 Single Phase Low Voltage (230 Voltage)

kWh 5 Ampere 15 Ampere 30 Ampere 60 Ampere

(Monthly) Minimum Energy Minimum Energy Minimum Energy Minimum Energy

Charge Charge Charge Charge Charge Charge Charge Charge
(NRs.) (NRs./kWh) (NRs.) (NRs./kWh) (NRs.) (NRs./kWh) (NRs.) (NRs./kWh)

Note: If 5 Ampere consumers use more than 20 units, they have to pay NRs.3.00 per unit for 1-20 unit.

1.2 Three Phase Low Voltage (400 Volt)

kWh (Month- Up to 10 kVA Above 10 kVA

ly) Minimum Month Energy Minimum Month Energy
Charge (NRs.) Charge Charge Charge
(NRs./kWh) (NRs.) (NRs./kWh)

Ashad -Kartik 10.50 Ashad -Kartik 10.50
All Consumers 1100.00 1800.00
Marg-Jestha 11.50 Marg-Jestha 11.50

1.3 Three Phase Voltage (33/11 kV)

kWh (Monthly) Minimum Charge (NRs.) Month Energy Charge (NRs/kWh)
All Consumers 10,000.00

Billing Method (For Single Phase 5 Ampere)

. kWh Energy Charge
No. (Monthly) (NRs./kWh)

Up to 20 units। 0०0 Meru Minimum Charge Rs. 30.00 for up to 20 units and Energy Charge Rs. 0.00

1 to 30 units Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 50.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 3.00 for per
unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 50.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 3.00 for per
3 31 to 50 units . unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units and Rs. 8.00 per unit
for 31 units to 50 units

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 75.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 3.00 for per
51 to 100 units . unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units and Rs. 8.00 per unit
for 31 units to 50 units and Rs. 9.50 per unit for 51 units to 100 units

Billing Method

101 to 250 units . unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units and Rs. 8.00 per unit
for 31 units to 50 units and Rs. 9.50 per unit for 51 units to 250 units

छ Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 100.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 3.00 for per
5

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 150.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 3.00 for per
unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units and Rs. 8.00 per unit
for 31 units to 50 units and Rs. 9.50 per unit for 51 units to 250 units and Rs. 11.00
per unit for above 251 units

Above 251 units

S138)। 1200 Electricity Authority

ELECTRICITY TARIFF। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es

Billing Method (For Single Phase 15 Ampere)

kWh

(Monthly) (NRs./kWh)

Up to 20 units

21 to 30 units
31 to 50 units

S. No
a 51 to 100 units

101 to 250 units

Above 251 units

Billing Method

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 50.00 for up to 20 units and Energy Charge Rs. 4.00
per unit (e.g.: 5 unit: Rs. 50+ 5 x 4 = Rs. 70.00)

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 75.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 4.00 for per unit
up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units (e.g.: 25 unit: Rs. 75 + 20
x4+5.x6.5 = Rs. 187.50)

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 75.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 4.00 for per
unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units and Rs. 8.00 per unit
for 31 units to 50 units (e.g.: 35 unit: Rs. 75 + 20x 4+10x6.5+5x8=Rs. 260.00)

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 100.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 4.00 for per
unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units and Rs. 8.00 per unit
for 31 units to 50 units and Rs. 9.50 per unit for 51 units to 100 units (e.g.: 55 unit:
Rs. 100+ 20x4+10x6.5+20x8+5x9.5=Rs. 452.50)

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 125.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 4.00 for per
unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units and Rs. 8.00 per unit
for 31 units to 50 units and Rs. 9.50 per unit for 51 units to 250 units (e.g.: 105 unit:
Rs. 125+ 20x4+10x6.5+20x8+(50+5)x9.5 = Rs. 952.50)

Monthly Minimum Charge Rs. 175.00 and Energy Charge per unit Rs. 4.00 for per
unit up to 20 units and Rs. 6.50 per unit for 21 units to 30 units and Rs. 8.00 per unit
for 31 units to 50 units and Rs. 9.50 per unit for 51 units to 150 units and Rs. 10.00
per unit for 151 units to above 250 units and Rs. 11.00 per unit for 251 units to 400
units. (e.g.: 255 unit: Rs. 175 + 20x 4+10x6.5+20x8+(50+150)x9.5+5x11
= Rs. 2435.00)

Billing Methods will be similar for Single Phase 30 and 60 Ampere.

2. Other Consumers

2.1 Low Voltage (230/400 V)

Consumer Category

1. Industrial
a) Rural and Domestic
b) Small Industry
2. Commercial
3. Non-Commercial
4. Irrigation
5. Water Supply
a) Community Water Supply
b) Other Water Supply

6. Transportation

a) Public Transportation

(Charging Station)
b) Other Transportation

7. Religious Place
8. Street Light

a) Metered

b) Non-Metered
9. Temporary Supply
10. Non-Domestic

11. Entertainment Business

Demand Charge NRs./kVA/ _—_ Energy Charge (NRs./
kWh)

60.00

110.00
325.00
215.00

350.00

350.00

Nepal Electricity Authority। 139

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Demand Charge NRs./ Energy Charge NRs./
kVA/month kWh

230.00

2.2 High Voltage

Consumer Category

A. High Voltage

1. Industrial (132 kV)

2. Industrial (66 kV)

B. Medium Voltage (33 KV)

1. Industrial

2. Commercial

3. Non-commercial

4. Irrigation

5. Water Supply
a) Community Water Supply
b) Other Water Supply

6. Transportation

a) Public Transportation
(Charging Station)

b) Other Transportation
7. Non-Domestic
8. Entertainment Business
C. Medium Voltage (11 kV)
1. Industrial
2. Commercial
3. Non-commercial
4. Irrigation
5. Water Supply
a) Community Water Supply
b) Other Water Supply
6. Transportation
a) Public Transportation
(Charging Station)

240.00

255.00
315.00
240.00

160.00

230.00

255.00
350.00

255.00
315.00
240.00

150.00

350.00

8.30

8.40
10.80
11.40

2.50। 660 .60

5.60

8.60
12.55
13.50

8.60
11.10
11.50

2.60

4.80
6.80

_

255.00
220.00

b) Other Transportation

7. Religious Place

330.00 12.00
350.00 12.90
350.00 13.90

8. Temporary Connection

9. Non-Domestic

10. Entertainment Business

S40। 120० Electricity Authority

ELECTRICITY TARIFF। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '

3. Time of Day (ToD) Tariff Rate

3.1 Tariff Rate from Baishakh to Mangsir
Consumer Category Demand Charge Peak Time Off Peak Time Normal time
NRs./ kVA/ month (17.00-23.00) (23.00-5.00) (5.00-17.00)
A. High Voltage (66 kV or above)

AtighVtge 66k orabo)

5. Water Supply

a) Community Water
Supply

a) Community Water
Supply

9.35 3.70 8.40

12.60। 690। 90 11.10

13.50 7.15 12.25

9.65
8.80
11.30

9.75

Nepal Electricity Authority। 141

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

3.2 Tariff Rate from Paush to Chaitra

Demand

Charge Peak Time Normal Time
NRs. /kVA/ (17.00-23.00 (23.00-5.00)

month

Consumer Category

A. High Voltage

1. Industrial (132 kV)

2. Industrial (66 kV)

B. Medium Voltage (33 kV)

1. Industrial

230.00
240.00

10.00
10.10

8.20
8.30

250.00
315.00
240.00

10.20
12.30
13.20

8.40
10.80
12.00

3.00

2. Commercial

3. Non-Commercial

6)
९०
6

4. Irrigation

5. Water Supply

a) Community Water

Supply
b) Other Water Supply

७)

N

०
चे

९०
6

190.00 10.20

6. Transportation

230.00
255.00
80.00

5.50
8.40

a) Public Transportation (Charging Station)
b) Other Transportation

7. Street Light

C. Medium Voltage (11 kV)

1. Industrial

co}lwln
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250.00
315.00
240.00

10.50
12.60
13.50

8.55
11.10
12.25

3.10

2. Commercial

3. Non-commercial

D
iS
८०

4. Irrigation

5. Water Supply

>
~
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a) Community Water

Supply

b) Other Water Supply 150.00 10.50

6?
UW
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6. Transportation

230.00
255.00
80.00
220.00
330.00

5.60
8.50

a) Public Transportation (Charging Station)
b) Other Transportation
7. Street Light
11.30
14.40

9.10
11.75

8. Religious Place

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9. Temporary Connection
D. Low Voltage (230/400 V)
Transportation

a) Public Transportation (Charging Sta- 200.00
tion)

220.00

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b) Other Transportation

S42। 1200 Electricity Authority

ELECTRICITY TARIFF। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '7% है No}

3.3 Transportation for Automatic Swap Card Users without Demand Charge
3.3.1 Public Transportation (Charging Station)

Energy Charge NRs./kWh
Description Peak Time Off Peak Time Normal Time (5.00-
(17.00-23.00) (23.00-5.00) 17.00)
Tariff Rate from Baisakh to Mangsir

Medium Voltage (33 kV)
Medium Voltage (11 kV)
Low Voltage (230/400 ५) 690।

Tariff Rate from Paush to Chaitra
Description Peak Time Normal Time

(17.00-23.00) (23.00-17.00)

Medium Voltage (33 kV)
Medium Voltage (11 kV)
Low Voltage (230/400 ५)

3.3.2 Other Transportation

Energy Charge NRs./kWh
Description Peak Time (17.00- Off Peak Time Normal Time (5.00-

23.00) (23.00-5.00) 17.00)

10.10
10.20
10.30

Description Peak Time (17.00- Normal Time
23.00) (5.00-17.00)

Medium Voltage (33 kV) 11.20 10.10
Medium Voltage (11 kV) 11.60 10.20
Low Voltage (230/400 V) 11.70

Note: Charging Station Operators will be able to get maximum 20 percent additional

charge in given tariff proving charging service to electric vehicles.

4. Community Wholesale Consumer:

Consumer Category Minimum Charge (NRs.) Energy Charge
(NRs./kWh)

1. Medium Voltage (11kV/33kV)

Upto (N x 20) units, monthly

N x 30.00
Above (N x 20) units, monthly P6000

2. Lower Voltage Level (230/400 Volt)

Upto (N x 20) units, monthly। 000।
N x 30.00

Above (N x 20) units, monthly

N= Total Number of Consumers of a Community Group

Nepal Electricity Authority। 143

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Electricity Generation Power Plants and Projects। Major Hydropower Stations 16_। Okhaldhunge =।_5,14. ] Power Plants Capacity(KW) 17। Rupalgad(Dadeldhura) 100
1 Kaligandaki A 144,000 18 Syangja*** 80
2 Middle Marsyandi 70,000 19 Manang** 80
3 Marsyandi 69,000 20। Gorkhe(IIlam)*** 64
4 Kulekhani। 60,000 21 Helambu 30
5 Upper Trishuli 3A HEP 60,000 22। Chame** 45
6। Kulekhani Il 32,000 23__। Dhanding*** 32
7 Chameliya 30,000 Total 4536,
3 Gandak 00 हालमा
10। Devighat 15,000 5,4. Power Plants Capacity(KW)
11 Modi Khola 14,800 1 Duhabi Multifuel 39,000
12। Kulekhani Ill HEP 14,000। 2__। Hetauda Diesel 14,410
13 Sunkoshi 10,050 Total। 53,410.
14 Puwa Khola 6,200 SS —
Sub Total 564,050 Total Hydro (NEA) 583,160
Total Major Hydro - Grid Connected 578,624
ता
S.N, Power Plants Capacity(KW) otal Small Hydro - Isolated 4,536
1 Chatara 3,200 Total Hydro (NEA Subsidiary) 646,400
2 Panauti 2,400 Total Hydro(IPPs) 2,160,352
3 Tatopani 2,000 Total Hydro(Nepal) 3,389,912
4। Seti (Pokhara) 1,500 Total Thermal(NEA)। 53,410
5 Tinau 1,024 Total Bagasse (IPPs) 6,000
6 Fewa 1,000। Total Solar(Nepal) 141,940
5 Sundarijal 970 Total Solar(NEA) 25,000
3 i Pharping*** 500 Total Solar(IPPs) 116,940
9 Gamgad 400 Total Installed Capacity-Grid 3,586,726
- Connected
10। Khandbari** 250 Total Installed Capacity 3,591,262
11 ~~ Jomsom** 240।
22। Fie =
13 + Baglung*** 200 ८
; S.N.। Power Plants apacity(KW)
14 _। Surnaiyagad 200 1। Tanahu 140,000
15 Doti*** 200 2 Madhya Bhotekoshi 102,000
16 Ramechhap 150 3 Rahughat 40,000
17___Terhathum** ना 200 4 Upper Trishuli 3B 37,000
Sub Total 14,574 5। Tamakoshi-V 94,800
Total 578,624 6। Upper Modi 'A' 42,000
7 Upper Modi 18,200
Total 474,000
SN.। Power Plants Capacity(KW)
बले a
2 Heldung(Humla) 200 S.N.। Power Plants Capacity(KW)
3___Achham 400 1। Upper Arun 1,061,000
4 Jhupra(Surkhet)"** 345 2 Uttar Ganga Storage 828,000
> Darchula™* 300 3 Dudhkoshi Storage 635,000
6। Bhojpur™* 250 शि Chainpur Seti 210,000
/ Dhankuta*** 240 5 Aadhikhola Storage 180,000
8 Jumla™* xx 200 6 Begnas Rupa Pump Storage 150,000
9 sya pruda ha(Rukum) 200। Total 3,064,000
10 Bajura 200 ** Leased to Private Sector
11___Bajhang™" 200 ***Not in Normal Operation
12। Dolpa 200
13 Chaurjhari(Rukum)** 150
14। Arughat(Gorkha) 150
19 = Taplejung** 125

S44। 1200 Electricity Authority

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146

STATUS OF IPPS AND NEA'S SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

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NEPAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY

POWER TRADE DEPARTMENT
Status of IPPs and NEA's Subsidiary Companies
owned Power Projects (Operation) as of FY 2081/82

Developer Projects Location Installed PPADate Commercial
Capacity Operation
(kW) Date

Hydropower Projects (NEA's Subsidiary Companies)।
a मा]।।

०। Arun Valley Hydropower Development Co Piluwa Khola Small Sankhuwasabha 3000 2056.10.09। 2060.06.01
(P.) Ltd

Rairang Hydro Power Development Co. (2) Ltd.। Rairang Khola Dhading 2059.08.27। 2061.08.01
10 Sanima Hydropower (Pvt.) Ltd. Sunkoshi Small Sindhupalchowk 2500 2058.07.28। 2061.12.11
Alliance Power Nepal Pvt.Ltd. Chaku Khola Sindhupalchowk। 3000। 2056.11.03। 2062.03.01
Khudi Hydropower Ltd. Khudi Khola 4000। 2058.03.04। 2063.09.15
Unique Hydel Co. Pvt.Ltd. Baramchi Khola Sindhupalchowk 4200 2058.12.14। 2063.09.27
Thoppal Khola Hydro Power Co. Pvt. Ltd. Thoppal Khola Dhading 1650 2059.11.23। 2064.07.13
Gautam Buddha Hydropower (Pvt.) Ltd. Sisne Khola Small 2061.04.29। 2064.06.01
Kathmandu Small Hydropower Systems Pvt. Ltd.। Sali Nadi Kathmandu 2062.04.24। 2064.08.01
Khoranga Khola Hydropower Dev. Co. Pvt. Ltd.। Pheme Khola Panchthar 2057.12.31। 2064.08.05
Unified Hydropower (P.) Ltd. Pati Khola Small। 996। 2062.10.28। 2065.10.27
Task Hydropower Company (P.) Ltd. Seti-ll 2063.06.08। 2065.11.14
Ridi Hydropower Development Co. (2) Ltd. [ Ridi Khola 2400। 2063.05.08। 2066.07.10
Centre for Power Dev. And Services (P.) Ltd. Upper Hadi Khola Sindhupalchowk 2064.04.07। 2066.07.22
Gandaki Hydro Power Co. Pvt. Ltd. Mardi Khola 4800। 2060.07.07। 2066.10.08
Himal Dolkha Hydropower Company Ltd. Mai Khola 4455 2063.11.19 2067.10.14
Baneswor Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Lower Piluwa Small Sankhuwasabha 2064.07.21। 2068.04.01
Barun Hydropower Development Co. (P.) Ltd.। Hewa Khola Sankhuwasabha 4455 2061.04.02 2068.04.17

Bhagawati Hydropower Development Co. Bijayapur-1 Kaski 4410 2066.03.30। 2069.05.04
(P.} Ltd.

Nepal Electricity Authority। 147

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

36 Bhairabkunda Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Bhairab Kunda Sindhupalchowk 3000 2065.08.02। 2071.02.22

Radhi Bidyut Company Ltd. Radhi Khola Lamjung 4400 2066.10.18। 2071.02.31
Pashupati Environmental Eng. Power Co. Pvt. Ltd.। Chhote Khola Gorkha 2067.11.09। 2071.03.09

Mailung Khola Hydro Power Company (P.) Ltd Mailung Khola Rasuwa 5000 2058.04.09। 2071.03.19

Joshi Hydropower Development Company Upper Puwa -1 lam 3000 2066.01.23। 2071.10.01
Limited

37
38
39
41

fas। Chhyangdi Hydropower Limited Chhandi 2000 2068.12.23। 2072.12.13

Panchakanya Mai Hydropower Ltd. Upper Mai Khola lam 9980 2061.12.19। 2073.03.09
(Previously Mai Valley and prior to that East
Nepal)

त
[०]
ति
जिन
ति।

Leguwa Khola Laghu Jalbidhyut Sahakari Leguwa Khola 2072.11.21। 2075.03.28
Sastha Ltd.

Super Mai Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. 7800। 2073.12.06। 2075.07.11
Chimal Gramin Bidhyut Sahakari Sanstha Ltd.। Sobuwa Khola-2 MHP Taplejung 2074.11.15। 2075.07.14
Deurali Bahuudesiya Sahakari Sanstha Ltd. Midim Khola Lamjung 2070.02.20। 2075.09.04।
Bindhyabasini Hydropower Development Co Rudi Khola A Lamjung and 8800 2069.10.28। 2075.12.04
(P.) Ltd. Kaski

81 Mandu Hydropower Ltd. Bagmati Khola Small Makawanpur/ 22000 2069.10.07। 2075.12.19

Lalitpur

.

Salmanidevi Hydropower (P). Ltd Kapadi Gad Doti 3330 2069.12.11। 2076.02.25

S148)। 1205 Electricity Authority

oe oe
Ne २
ho'
x Sys)
परे 1,

STATUS OF IPPS AND NEA'S SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

3 Eastern Hydropower Pvt. Ltd Pikhuwa Khola Bhojpur 5000 2066.07.24। 2076.02.27

lee।
हालत Power Go, [Lower cihotexhola[ortta 997।
हुँ

Arun Kabeli Power Ltd Kabeli B-1 Taplejung, 25000 2069.03.29। 2076.07.23
Panchthar

Rangoon Khola Hydropower Pvt. Ltd Jeuligad Bajhang 2071.10.20। 2076.08.27

91 Dolti Power Company Pvt. Ltd. Padam Khola Dailekh 4800 2074.08.01। 2076.09.08

92 Bindhyabasini Hydropower Development Co.। Rudi KholaB Lamjung and 6600 2071.4.20 2076.11.05
(P.) Ltd. Kaski

93 Ghalemdi Hydro Limited (Previously, Cemat Ghalemdi Khola Myagdi 5000 2069.12.30। 2076.11.05
Power Dev Company (P). Ltd.)। 94। Terhathum Power Company Pvt. Ltd. Upper Khorunga 7500 2073.07.29। 2076.11.17
Sagarmatha Jalabidhyut Company Pvt. Ltd.। Super Mai 'A' 9600। 2074.11.14। 2077.02.32।%6। Mai Khola Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Super Mai Cascade 3800 2074.12.07। 2077.03.31
Century Energy Pvt. Ltd. Hadi Khola Sunkoshi A Sindhupalchowk 2074.05.05। 2077.05.12
los। Rawa Energy Development Pvt. Ltd. Upper Rawa 3000 2073.04.24। 2077.06.04
En Himalayan Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Namarjun Madi 11880 2066.05.30। 2077.06.12
Manakamana Engineering Hydropower Pvt. Ltd.। Ghatte Khola Dolakha 5000 2070.04.28। 2077.07.23
Civil Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Bijayapur 2 Khola Small 4500 2072.09.12। 2077.11.18
Taksar-Pikhuwa Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Taksar Pikhuwa Bhojpur 8000 2073.09.01। 2078.01.01
Shiva Shree Hydropower (P.) Ltd. Upper Chaku A Sindhupalchowk 22200 2067.05.22। 2078.02.01

107। Mountain Energy Nepal Ltd.(Previously Mistri Khola Myagdi 42000 2067.10.20। 2078.03.03
Robust Energy Pvt. Ltd.)

Singati Hydro Energy Pvt. Ltd. Singati Khola Dolakha 25000 2070.07.27। 2078.04.17
Richet Jalbidhyut Company Pvt. Ltd. Richet Khola 4980 2073.02.23। 2078.04.28
Samling Power Company Pvt. Ltd. 9510 2073.07.26। 2078.06.01

Modi Energy Ltd. (Prv. Manang Trade Link 20000। 2068.05.20। 2078.06.14
Pvt. Ltd.)

Numbur Himalaya Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Likhu Khola A Solukhumbu/ 29040 2071.11.22। 2078.10.25
Ramechap

Upper Solu Hydroelectric Company Pvt. Ltd Solu Khola Solukhumbu 23500 2070.07.24। 2078.11.08
Upper Syange Hydropower P. Ltd. Upper Syange Khola 2400 2072.06.14। 2078.11.15
126। Buddha Bhumi Nepal Hydro Power Co. Pvt. Ltd 4993। 2070.12.10। 2078.12.10

Arun Valley Hydropower Development Kabeli B-1 Cascade Panchthar 9940 2075.08.09। 2078.12.12
Company Ltd

Upper Hewa Khola Hydropower Co. Pvt. Ltd Upper Hewa Khola Small। Sankhuwasabha 8500 2072.09.23। 2078.12.19

;
Suri Khola Hydropower Pvt. Ltd.)

130। Nyadi Hydropower Limited Nyadi 2079.01.27
[359]

Nepal Electricity Authority। 149।

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

140। Swet-Ganga Hydropower and Construction Ltd.। Lower Likhu Ramechhap 28100 2073.09.14। 2079.07.19

141। Balephi Hydropower Limited (Prv. Huaning Upper Balephi A Sindhupalchowk 36000 2072.08.29। 2079.08.06
Development Pvt. Ltd.)

Bikash Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Upper Machha Khola 4550 2075.07.11। 2079.11.17
Small

Himal Hydro and General Construction Ltd.)

Maya Khola Hydropower Co. Pvt. Ltd. Maya Khola Sankhuwasabha। 14900। 2070.08.30। 2080.03.22
Gaughar Ujjyalo Sana Hydropower Co. Pvt. Ltd.। Ghatte Khola Small Sindhupalchowk 2074.11.11। 2080.04.13

Global Hydropower Associate Pvt. Ltd. Likhu-2 Solukhumbu/ 52465 2071.11.19। 2080.04.15
Ramechap

River Falls Hydropower Development Pvt. Ltd. Sankhuwasabha 10300 2071.10.18। 2080.04.25
Api Power Company Ltd. Upper Chameliya 40000 2075.11.15। 2080.04.28

164। Bungal Hydro Pvt. Ltd. (Previously Sanigad Upper Sanigad Bajhang 10700 2072.03.15। 2080.05.02
Hydro Pvt. Ltd.)

172। Mathillo Mailung Khola Jalbidhyut Ltd. (Prv. Upper Mailun Rasuwa 14300 2068.05.23। 2080.10.28
Molnia Power Ltd.)

Yambling Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Yambling Khola Sindhupalchowk 7270 2072.09.29। 2080.11.08

Paan Himalaya Energy Private Limited Likhu-1 Solukhumbu/ 77000 2071.11.19। 2080.12.19
Ramechap

Unitech Hydropower Co. Pvt. Ltd 2081.01.08

Sanima Middle Tamor Hydropower Ltd. (Prv. Middle Tamor Taplejung 73000 2073.09.26। 2081.01.23
Tamor Sanima Energy Pvt. Ltd.)

180। Chirkhwa Hydropower Pvt. Ltd Upper Chirkhwa Bhojpur 4700 2073.03.01। 2081.02.20

Parbat Paiyun Khola Hydropower Company Seti Khola 3500 2074.02.22। 2081.03.07
Pvt. Ltd.

Champawati Hydropower Pvt. Ltd Chepe khola A 7000 2075.11.07। 2081.03.25
Mount Everest Power Development Pvt. Ltd. Dudhkunda Khola Solukhumbu 12000 2075.04.01। 2081.04.16। Nepal Electricity Authority

178
179
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
189
191

PR
o1
fo)

STATUS OF IPPS AND NEA'S SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

192। Salasungi Power Limited Sanjen Khola Rasuwa 78000 2072.12.02। 2081.10.29

201। Jhyamolongma Hydropower Development Karuwa Seti 32000 2074.04.20। 2082.01.19
Company Pvt. Ltd.

Kaski
Sanvi Energy Pvt. Ltd. Jogmai Cascade 5200 2075.05.07। 2082.03.11
Him Consult Pvt. Ltd. Rele Khola Myagdi 6000। 2074.01.28। 2082.03.23

SOLAR (IPPs)

1 Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Solar Lalitpur 680.4 2069.06.12। 2069.07.15
bewasthapan Board
Surya Power Company Pvt. Ltd. Bishnu Priya Solar Farm 2074.04.08। 2075.08.13
Project

Ridi Hydropower Development Co. Ltd. Butwal Solar Project Rupandehi 8500 2075.06.09। 2077.07.15

104। Eco Power Development Company Pvt. Ltd Mithila Solar PV Electric। Dhanusha 10000 2075.09.16। 2077.11.22
Project

111। Api Power Company Ltd. Chandranigahpur Solar Rautahat 4000 2075.04.27। 2078.05.06
Project

Solar Farm Pvt. Ltd. Belchautara Solar 5000। 2075.04.23। 2078.07.01
Project

Api Power Company Ltd. Dhalkebar Solar Project 1000 2075.05.03। 2078.10.02
Sagarmatha Energy and Construction Pvt. Ltd.। Dhalkebar Solar Project 3000 2075.06.24। 2078.11.21
Api Power Company Ltd. Simara Solar Project 1000 2075.05.03। 2079.04.08

134। National Solar Power Co. Pvt. Ltd. Grid Connected Solar PV। Nawalparasi 5000 2076.11.23। 2079.05.27
Project (VGF)

139। Nepal Solar Farm Pvt. Ltd. Som Radhakrishna Solar। Kaski 4000 2076.11.23। 2079.07.14
Farm Project (VGF)

154। G.I. Solar Pvt. Ltd. Grid Connected Solar Morang 6800 2078.08.27। 2079.12.30
Project, Morang

155। Saurya Bidhyut Power Pvt. Ltd. Grid Connected Solar Nawalparasi 2000 2077.12.20। 2080.01.02
Project, Nawalparasi
56

Banke 10000 2078.08.12। 2080.01.18

10000 2078.08.12। 2080.09.11

10000 2078.08.12। 2080.10.10
7700 2080.07.15। 2081.12.13

2300 2080.07.15। 2081.12.13

10000 2080.08.10। 2082.01.04

15000 2080.08.10। 2082.02.28

1

Pure Energy Pvt. Ltd. Solar PV Project (1033),
Nainapur, Banke,
Block-2

169। Pure Energy Pvt. Ltd. Solar PV Project (1032),
Nainapur, Banke,
Block-1

Jhapa Energy Limited Saurya Bidyut Project,
Shivasakti

Tarai Solar Pvt. Ltd. Jeera Bhawani Sedhwa
Solar

196। Tarai Energy Pvt. Ltd. DDB Solar

198। Pashupati Renewables Pvt. Ltd. Dharamnagar Solar
Farm

2 Pashupati Renewables Pvt. Ltd. Dharamnagar Solar
Farm-ll

Banke

1 Jhapa
1 Parsa

Parsa

Kapilvastu

71
95
02

Kapilvastu

SUB-TOTAL। 116940.4

BAGASSE (IPPs)

1 Indushankar Chini Udhyog Ltd. Indushankar Chini Sarlahi 3000 2075.06.10। 2078.11.01
Udhyog Ltd.
2 Everest Sugar and Chemical Industries Ltd. Everest Sugar and Mahottari 3000 2075.06.17। 2077.10.26
Chemical Industries Ltd.

a
tran खख्य did

Nepal Electricity Authority। 15

he

oS लर
Ne BON
पर
x yes
RN 1,

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

NEPAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY
POWER TRADE DEPARTMENT
Status of IPPs and NEA's Subsidiary Companies
owned Power Projects (Under Construction) as of FY 2081/82
(Financial Closure concluded projects)

Developers Projects Location Installed PPA Date

Capacity
(kw)

Hydropower Projects (NEA's Subsidiary Companies)

[ 2.
a
a तलाहातलाक
[ 2.
a
[क
a

1 Dudhkoshi Power Company Pvt. Ltd. 2069.09.26
=a
=a
भा

152। Nepal Electricity Authority

10
11
12
13
14
15
16

7

STATUS OF IPPS AND NEA'S SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

oS लर
Ne BON
पर
x yes
RN 1,

27। Dipsabha Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Sabha Khola A Sankhuwasabha 9990 2071.12.02

32। Kabeli Energy Limited Kabeli-A Panchthar and 37600 2072.06.07
Taplejung
33। Peoples Energy Ltd. (Previously Peoples Hydro Khimti-2 Dolakha and 48800 2072.06.14
Co-operative Ltd.) Ramechhap

3 Chauri Hydropower (P.) Ltd. Chauri Khola Kavrepalanchowk, 6000 2072.06.14
Ramechhap,
Sindhupalchowk,
Dolakha

छ
Siddhi Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd.
Siuri Nyadi Power Pvt. Ltd. Super Nyadi

Sano Milti Ramechhap and 3000 2073.01.13
Dolakha

Kalikot 2074.05.08
Sindhupalchowk 2073.07.24
Dolakha 2073.04.20

Sankhuwasabha 21500 2074.03.26

Baglung and Gulmi 9600 2073.10.09
Sindhupalchowk 16260 2073.02.28

Baglung 2200 2073.10.26
Rasuwa 216000 2074.10.14

Taplejung 2075.05.04
Okhaldhunga and 2074.10.11
Solukhumbu

Dolakha 2074.07.29
Ramechhap 2074.11.28
Myagdi 2075.03.29
Solukhumbu 2074.12.08

Bajhang 11050 2074.11.30
Dhading 23500 2074.03.15

Sankhuwasabha 97200 2075.06.26

Sankhuwasabha 2075.08.13
Solukhumbu 2075.05.14
Myagdi 2075.03.29
Gorkha and Chitwan 2075.07.11
Sankhuwasabha 2075.12.12

Nepal Electricity Authority। 15

करे

37
38

39। Sano Milti Khola Hydropower Ltd.

Diamond Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Upper Daraudi-1

41। Rasuwa Hydropower Pvt. Ltd Phalanku Khola

42। Mount Nilgiri Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Rurubanchu-1
43

Sindhujwala Hydropower Ltd. Upper Nyasem

Energy Venture Pvt. Ltd. Upper Lapche

45। Orbit Energy Ltd. (Previously Pokhari Sabha Khola B
Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd.)

Daram Khola Hydro Energy Ltd. Daram Khola

47। Him River Power Pvt. Ltd. Liping Khola

Madhya Tara Khola Hydropower P. Ltd. (Prv. Madhya Tara Khola Small
Pahadi Hydro Power Company (P.) Ltd.)

Nepal Water and Energy Development Upper Trishuli - 1
Company Pvt. Ltd.

uw

0। Mewa Developers Pvt. Ltd. Middle Mewa

51। Him Star Urja Co. Pvt. Ltd. Buku Kapati

52। Nasa Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Lapche Khola

93। Vision Energy and Power Pvt. Ltd. Nupche Likhu

54। Tundi Power Pvt.Ltd Rahughat Mangale

95। Gaurishankar Power Development Pvt. Ltd. Middle Hyongu Khola B

56। Omega Energy Developer Pvt. Ltd. Sunigad

57। Gorakshya Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Super Ankhu Khola

58। K.B.N.R. Ilsuwa Power Limited (Prv. Dolakha Isuwa Khola
Nirman Company Pvt. Ltd.)

59। Kasuwa Khola Hydropower Ltd. Kasuwa Khola

Apex Makalu Hydro Power Pvt. Ltd. Middle Hongu KholaA

61। Tundi Power Pvt.Ltd Upper Rahughat

62। Blue Energy Pvt. Ltd. Super Trishuli

63। Mabilung Energy (?) Ltd Upper Piluwa Khola -3

Ww

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

ee Samyukta Urja Pvt. Ltd. (Prv. Sungava Thulo Khola Myagdi 21300 2075.02.17
Foundation Pvt. Ltd.)

Shaileshwari Power Nepal Pvt. Ltd. Upper Gaddigad 1550 2075.04.06। 66। Mount Rasuwa Hydropower Pvt. Ltd Midim 1 Khola 13424 2075.10.07

Sewa Hydro Ltd Lower Selang Sindhupalchowk 1500 2074.02.22

Himalayan Water Resources and Energy Upper Chauri Kavrepalanchowk 6000 2074.07.27
Development Co. Pvt. Ltd। 69। Dhading Ankhu Khola Hydro Pvt. Ltd. Upper Ankhu Dhading 44000 2075.06.14
Isuwa Energy Pvt. Ltd. Lower Isuwa Cascade Sankhuwasabha 40100 2077.09.27

71। White Lotus Power Pvt. Ltd. (Prv. North Summit। Hidi Khola Lamjung 6820 2075.10.04
Hydro Pvt.Ltd.)

72। Electro Power Company Ltd. (Prv. Sailung Bhotekoshi-1 Sindhupalchowk 44000 2075.03.15
Power Company Pvt. Ltd.)

77। Silk Power (Prv. Maa Shakti Engineering & Luja Khola Solukhumbu 24824 2075.10.16
hydropower Pvt. Ltd.)
78। LC Energy Pvt. Ltd. (Prv. Chirkhwa Hydropower। Lower Chirkhwa Bhojpur 4060 2074.01.20
Pvt. Ltd.)

Apolo Hydropower Pvt. Ltd Buku Khola Solukhumbu 6000 2070.02.02

[oo
Ey
:

Brahamayani Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. (Prv. Ekikrit। Brahamayani Sindhupalchowk 35470 2075.08.24
Byapar Company Pvt. Ltd.)

Dudhpokhari Chepe Hydropower Ltd Dudhpokhari Chepe Gorkha 11000 2075.10.15। 89। Kabeli Hydropower Company Pvt.Ltd Kabeli-3 Taplejung 21930 2075.10.03

White Gold Multi Energy Pvt. Ltd. (Prv. Madhya Daram Khola A Baglung 3000 2075.12.26
Dhaulagiri Civil Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering Pvt. Ltd.)

91। Milestone Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. (Prv. Madhya Daram Khola B Baglung 4500 2075.12.26
Dhaulagiri Civil Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering Pvt. Ltd.)

Ey
[oe
[oe
Ey

S54। 1200 Electricity Authority

STATUS OF IPPS AND NEA'S SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

101। Langtang Bhotekoshi Hydropower Company Rasuwa Bhotekoshi Rasuwa 120000 2074.09.07
Pvt. Ltd.

113 Manang 135000 2077.12.09

Kaski 2080.05.06
Sankhuwasabha 2080.11.08
Myagdi 2080.08.15
Dolakha 2075.04.10
Dolakha 2075.04.10
Manang 2080.08.05
Taplejung 2081.01.21
Solukhumbu 2080.03.22

Khotang 2080.01.28

Kaski 24000 2075.04.15

Lamjung 102000 2081.09.09

Sankhuwasabha 2080.03.25
Nuwakot 2081.05.17
Dolakha 2079.10.04
Darchula 2080.06.29
Taplejung 2080.05.21
Okhaldhunga 2078.11.01

SUB-TOTAL

Dang 2075.06.24
Sunsari 2075.06.25
Parsa 2075.04.27
Kapilvastu 2081.01.10
Argakhanchi 2080.08.10

TOTAL

Manang Marsyangdi Hydropower Company
Pvt. Ltd.

Manang Marsyangdi

114। Annapurna Power Company Pvt. Ltd. Upper Madi-0

115। Gurans Hydro Pvt. Ltd Sankhuwa Khola

116। Mona Hydropower Ltd. Bagar Khola

117। Him Parbat Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Sagu Khola-1

118। Him Parbat Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Sagu Khola

119। Lalupate Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Dana Khola

120। Remit Hydro Ltd. Ghunsa Khola

121। Gurkhas Himalayan Hydro Ltd. Upper Junbesi

122। Lower Mid Rawa Khola Hydropower Project Lower Mid Rawa
Pvt. Ltd.

123। Madame Khola Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Madame Khola

24। Upper Marshyangdi Hydropower Company
vt. Ltd.

Upper Marsyangdi -1

125। Happy Energy Pvt. Ltd. Mathilllo Sankhuwa

126। ABP Energy Pvt. Ltd Tadi Ghyamphedi

127। Dynamic Hydro Energy Pvt. Ltd. Lapche Tamakoshi

128। Darchula Power Pvt. Ltd. Madhya Chameliya

129। Surya Holding Pvt. Ltd. Upper Mewa Khola 'A'

130। Puwa Khola-1 Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Aayu Malun khola

SOLAR (IPPs)

1। Gorkha Congenial Energy and Investment Pvt. Ltd.। Lamahi Solar

Global Energy and Construction Pvt. Ltd. Duhabi Solar

WwW

Api Power Company Ltd. Parwanipur Solar

Prime Power Pvt. Ltd Kapilvastu Solar

uw

Arga Bhagbati Ventures Pvt. Ltd. Arga Solar

ou

Nepal Electricity Authority। 15

as लर
Ne BON
पर
x yes
परे भी

A 01२ 11 REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

NEPAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY
POWER TRADE DEPARTMENT
Status of IPPs and NEA's Subsidiary Companies
owned Power Projects (Different Stages of Development) as of FY 2081/82
(Without Financial Closure)

Developers Projects Location Installed PPA Date
Capacity
(kw)

Hydropower Projects (IPPs)

1 Balephi Jalbidhyut Co. Ltd. Balephi Sindhupalchowk 23520 2067.09.08

2 United Modi Hydropwer Ltd. Lower Modi 2 Parbat 10500 2072.11.14

3 Sisa Hydro Electric Company Pvt. Ltd. Sisa Khola A Solukhumbu 2800 2073.10.28

Himali Rural Electric Co-operative Ltd. Leguwa Khola Small Dhankuta 2074.02.08

Nyam Nyam Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Nyam Nyam Khola Rasuwa 6000 2074.03.27

Saptang Hydro Power Pvt. Ltd. Saptang Khola Nuwakot 2500 2074.04.08

7 Khechereswor Jal Vidhyut Pvt. Ltd. Jadari Gad Small Bajhang 1000 2074.10.12

Khechereswor Jal Vidhyut Pvt. Ltd. Salubyani Gad Small Bajhang 233 2074.10.12

Baraha Multipower Pvt. Ltd. Irkhuwa Khola B Bhojpur 15524 2075.02.14

10 Jhilimili Hydropower Co. Pvt. Ltd. Gulangdi Khola Gulmi 980 2075.02.24

11 North Summit Hydro Pvt. Ltd. Nyadi Phidi Lamjung 21400 2075.02.24

12 Annapurna Bidhyut Bikas Co. Pvt. Ltd. Landruk Modi Kaski 86590 2075.04.13

13 Thulo Khola Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Upper thulo Khola-A Myagdi 22500 2075.04.24

14 Kalika Energy Ltd. Bhotekoshi-5 Sindhupalchowk 46000 2075.04.25

15 Super Ghalemdi Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Super Ghalemdi Myagdi 9140 2075.05.05

16 Dibyajyoti Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Marsyangdi Besi Lamjung 50000 2075.05.10

17 Amar Jyoti Hydro Power Pvt. Ltd. Istul Khola Gorkha 1506 2075.05.13

18 Ichowk Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Gohare Khola Sindhupalchowk 950 2075.05.25

19 Likhu Khola Ramechhap and 30000 2075.05.26

Okhaldhunga

Pike Hydropower Pvt. Ltd.

20 Sita Hydro Power Co. Pvt. Ltd. Nyasim Khola Sindhupalchowk 35000 2075.05.26

21 Sushmit Energy Pvt. Ltd. Kunaban Khola Myagdi 20000 2075.05.29

22 Masina Paryatan Sahakari Sanstha Ltd. Masina Kaski and Tanahu 891 2075.06.02

23 Phedi Khola Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Phedi Khola (Thumlung) Bhojpur 4300 2075.06.21

24 Kalinchowk Hydropower Ltd. Sangu (Sorun) Dolakha 5000 2075.08.09

25 Ruru Hydroelectric Company Pvt. Ltd. Rurubanchu Khola-2 Kalikot 12000 2075.08.20

26 Sindhujwala Hydropower Ltd. Upper Nyasem Khola A Sindhupalchowk 21000 2075.10.06

27 Habitat Power Company Ltd Hewa Khola "A" Panchthar 9400 2075.10.07

28 Ruby Valley Hydropower Company Ltd Menchet Khola Dhading 7000 2075.10.15

29 Sankhuwasabha Power Development Pvt. Ltd.। Super Sabha Khola Sankhuwasabha 4100 2075.10.23

30 Jal Urja Pvt. Ltd. Nuagad Darchula 1000 2075.11.03

31 Helambu Construction Pvt. Ltd Ksumti khola Sindhupalchowk 683 2075.11.29

32 Hydro Connection Pvt. Ltd. Rauje Khola Solukhumbu 17712 2075.12.04

33 Bhalaudi Khola Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Bhalaudi Khola Kaski 2645 2076.01.06

26000 2076.01.11

34 Super Khudi Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Upper Khudi Lamjung

56। 1200 Electricity Authority

STATUS OF IPPS AND NEA'S SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

as लर
Ne ON
oy
x Tes
परे 1,

35 Syarpu Power Company Limited Syarpu Khola Rukum 3236 2078.04.11

36 Dudh koshi Hydropower Private Ltd Dudhkoshi 2 - Jaleshwor Solokhumbhu 70000 2078.08.06

37 Sani Bheri Hydropower Co. Pvt. Ltd Sani Bheri 3 Rukum 46720 2078.08.06

38 Dipjyoti Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Khani Khola Dolakha 550 2078.08.10

39 Melamchi Hydro Pvt.Ltd. Ribal khola Sindhupalchowk 998 2078.08.10

Bigu Hydro Venture Pvt. Ltd. Pegu Khola Dolakha 3000 2079.03.30

41 Halesi Urja Pvt. Ltd. Madhya Rawa Khotang 2200 2079.05.15

-

2 Maulakalika Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Kalika Kaligandaki Tanahu 38160 2079.05.21

43 Jurimba Hydropower Co. Pvt. Ltd. Jurimba Khola Sindhupalchowk 7630 2079.05.27

S.K Energy Development Pvt. Ltd. Shyam Khola Bhojpur 7200 2079.07.17

45 Terhathum Power Company Ltd. Khorunga-Tangmaya Terhathum 2000 2079.07.17

Dynamic Power Pvt. Ltd. Manahari Khola Makwanpur 4444 2079.08.13

47 Water Energy Solution Pvt. Ltd. Upper Deumai lam 8300 2079.08.13

Dynamic Hydro Energy Pvt. Ltd. Chepe Khola Cascade Lamjung and Gorkha 2000 2079.10.04

White Flower Energy Company Pvt. Ltd. Upper Chhujung Sankhuwasabha 40700 2079.10.29

50 Simkosh Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Simkosh Khola Myagdi 3450 2079.11.11

51 Summit Energy Solution Pvt. Ltd Bakan Khola Sankhuwasabha 44000 2079.11.11

52 Kali Gandaki Gorge Hydropower Co. Pvt. Ltd Kaligandaki Gorge Myagdi 180000 2079.11.17

wn

3 Sangrila Urja Pvt. Ltd. Chhujung Khola Sankhuwasabha 63000 2079.12.17

54 Yaru Hydrpower Pvt. Ltd. Yaru Khola Gorkha 30542 2079.12.17

55 Water Energy Development Pvt. Ltd. Machha Khola Gorkha 16000 2080.03.04

56 Sanima Hydropower Ltd. Jum Khola Dolakha 55615 2080.03.06

57 Upper Syange Hydropower Limited Dovan khola Gorkha 24500 2080.03.07

58 Upper Myagdi Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. (Prv. 53500 2080.03.11

Himalayan Infrastructure Fund Ltd.)

Upper Myagdi -1 Myagdi

59 Milarepa Energy Pvt. Ltd. Super Melamchi khola Sindhupalchowk 23600 2080.03.18

Budhi Gandaki Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Super Machha Khola Sana। Gorkha 4600 2080.03.21

61 Himalayan Engineering and Energy Pvt. Ltd. Arun Khola-2 Nawalpur 2000 2080.03.21

62 Expert Hydro Investment Pvt. Ltd. Sani Bheri Rukum (East) 44520 2080.03.27

63 Om Power Company Pvt. Ltd. Thuligad Khola Doti and Kailali 17000 2080.04.09

Samriddhi Energy Ltd. Bajhang Upper Seti Bajhang 216000 2080.04.19

65 Himshila Power Company Ltd. Gashali Khola Dhading 4500 2080.04.24

Everest Energy & Infrastructure Fund Pvt. Ltd.। Mudi Khola Myagdi 14700 2080.04.25

67 Menchhiyam Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Upper Piluwa Khola-1 Sankhuwasabha 7700 2080.04.29

Butwal Power Company Ltd. Lower Manang Marsyangdi। Manang 139200 2080.04.30

Nar Khola Hydro Energy Pvt. Ltd. Nar Khola Manang 61110 2080.05.01

70 Balephi Energy Pvt. Ltd. Balephi Khola Sindhupalchowk 40000 2080.05.01

71 Liberty Energy Company Ltd. Lodo Khola Small Lamjung 1600 2080.05.18

72 Tiplyang Kaligandaki Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Tiplyang Kaligandaki Myagdi 58000 2080.05.19

73 Ganesh Himal Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Ankhu Khola-2 Dhading 20000 2080.05.22

74 Dolakha and 9000 2080.05.26

Ramechhap

Nilganga Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Khimti-Ghwang Khola

75 Nilganga Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Suti Khola Manang 21000 2080.05.26

76। Shangrila Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Jaldigad Rukum (West) 20731 2080.05.26

NI

Nepal Electricity Authority। 15

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

77 Gulmi Hydro Pvt. Ltd. Lower Rupse Myagdi 1860 2080.05.27

78 Koplang Energy Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Lower Khani B Dolakha 6200 2080.06.07

79 Maa Durga Kali Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd.। Miwaje Khola Kaski 4950 2080.06.10

Niko Energy Ltd. Upper Bhurundi 'A' Kaski 9000 2080.06.15

81 Iceland Power Pvt. Ltd. Garjang Khola Ramechhap। 900। 2080.06.22

82 Hub Power Pvt. Ltd. Lower Nyadi Lamjung 12600 2080.06.22

83 Spark Hydroelectric Company Ltd. Tamor Mewa Taplejung 128000 2080.06.24

Matribhumi Hydropower Development Sishuwa Khola Sankhuwasabha 13500 2080.06.30

Company Pvt. Ltd.

85 Sankhuwasabha Power Development Pvt. Ltd.। Super Sabha Khola A Sankhuwasabha 9412 2080.06.30

M.A. Power Pvt. Ltd. Marsyangdi Nadi Tanahu and Gorkha 90000 2080.07.01

87 Trishuli Cascade Power Pvt. Ltd. Upper Trishuli-1 Cascade। Rasuwa 24600 2080.07.19

88 Mandakini Hydropower Ltd. Upper Sardi Khola Kaski 2837 2080.08.13

Darkhola Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Dar Khola Myagdi 6500 2080.08.15

Sumnima Hydropower Company Pvt. Ltd. Upper Pikhuwa Khola Bhojpur 4900 2080.08.17

91 Alliance Energy Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Syalque Khola Manang 4800 2080.08.17

92 Kanchan Urja Pvt. Ltd. Gandigad Small Baitadi 1000 2080.08.19

93 Shrestha Energy Solution Pvt. Ltd. Upper Seti-1 Kaski 13000 2080.09.06

Devdhunga Malika Hydropower Company Pvt.। Dev dhunga Chaku Sindhupalchowk 3412 2080.09.06

95 Lower Bhim Khola 6050 2080.10.04

Cascade

Shikhar Power Development Ltd. Baglung

Crystal Power Development Pvt. Ltd. Super Tamor Taplejung 166000 2080.10.05

97 Bajra Energy Ventures Pvt. Ltd. Bajra Madi Kaski 24800 2080.10.28

Alampu Jalbidhyut Bikas Co. Pvt. Ltd. Mathhilo Sagu Dolakha 10000 2080.10.29

Bagmati Water Energy Pvt Ltd. Malta Bagmati Lalitpur 6500 2080.12.06

100। Naulo Nepal Hydro Electric Pvt. Ltd. Budhigandaki "Ka" Gorkha 103400 2081.01.03

101। Naulo Nepal Hydro Electric Pvt. Ltd. Budhigandaki "Kha" Gorkha 226000 2081.01.03

102। Dhaulashree Power Company Pvt. Ltd. Dhaula Khola Myagdi 10600 2081.02.11

103। Manakamana Daraudi Hydropower Company Ltd.। Daraudi Nadi Gorkha 9840 2081.02.28

104। Harmony Initiatives Pvt. Ltd Lapa Khola Dhading 4720 2081.02.29

105। Vision Tesla Power Pvt. Ltd. Induwa Khola Sankhuwasabha 24921 2081.03.10

106। Times Energy Pvt. Ltd Budi Gandaki Gorkha 340423 2081.03.12

107। Karnali Jalashrot Limited Syano Khola Myagdi 4750 2081.05.12

108। Ana Multipurpose Company Pvt. Ltd. Kisedi Khola Lamjung 4100 2081.05.13

109। Trikal Power Company Pvt. Ltd Thaligad Darchula 2000 2081.05.17

110। Silk Power Pvt. Ltd Luja Khola Cascade Solukhumbu 9540 2081.05.19

111। Ghandruk Hydro Pvt. Ltd. Chhomrung Khola Kaski 4890 2081.05.28

112। Kang Hydropower Company Ltd. Upper Maiwa Taplejung 17850 2081.05.30

113। S.N. Energy Ltd. Super Seti Kaski 24000 2081.05.31

114। Ramjanaki Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Apsuwa Khola-1 Sankhuwasabha 22248 2081.06.06

1159। Ramjanaki Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Mathhilo Apsuwa Khola Sankhuwasabha 35150 2081.06.21

116। Panch Khapan Hydropower Pvt. Ltd. Lower Hewakhola-A Sankhuwasabha 6848 2081.06.23

117। S.C. Power Co. Pvt.Ltd. Tila-1 Kalikot 298750 2081.07.07

118। S.C. Power Co. Pvt. Ltd. Tila-2 Kalikot 296740 2081.07.07

_
ao

S58)। 1200 Electricity Authority

STATUS OF IPPS AND NEA'S SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

119। Dupcheshwor Mahadev Hydro Co. Pvt. Ltd. Middle Tadi Nuwakot 5300 2081.08.05

Paropakar Bahu Udesiya Sahakari Sanstha Ltd.। Paropakar Sahakari Laghu 2081.09.07

Laghu Jalabidhyut Pariyojana Pvt. Ltd
1 Lower Kalangagad 8000 2082.03.06
Isuwa PROR Cascade-2

Tallosera Hydro Ltd Sanibheri Uttarganga
Micro Hydro

Chitwan Energy Limited Lower Thulo Khola
Green Gorkha Energy Ltd. Upper Daraudi

SOLAR (IPPs)

First Solar Developers Nepal Pvt. Ltd. Bhrikuti Grid-tied Solar Kapilvastu
Project

G.C. Solar Energy Group Pvt. Ltd. Grid Connected Solar Surkhet 1200

Bajhang

Sankhuwasabha 9950 2082.03.13

Rukum East 998 2082.03.15

4750 2082.03.16

31
132
133
134 Myagdi
135 Gorkha

9200 2082.03.17

SUB-TOTAL 4004276

1 8000 2077.12.20

2078.09.19

Electricity Project,
Birendranagar, Surkhet

3

East Solar Pvt. Ltd. Baigundhura Solar Power 5000 2079.07.17

Prime Power Pvt. Ltd Lamahi Solar Power Dang 10000 2080.09.08
Project

Green Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd Solar PV Project, Dhanusha 5000 2080.09.08
Dhalkebar

Positive Energy Pvt. Ltd 10 MW Solar PV Project, Kapilvastu 10000 2082.02.26
Kapilbastu, Block-1

Positive Energy Pvt. Ltd Grid Connected Solar PV। Kapilvastu 10000 2082.02.26
Project Phase-2

Rapti Urja Pvt. Ltd Solar PV Project, Rolpa Rolpa 50000 2082.02.29

7

Sol Power Limited Parasi Solar PV Project Parasi 15000 2082.02.29

Sol Power Limited New Nepalgunj Solar PV Banke 30000 2082.02.29
Project

Sol Power Limited Bhurigaun-1 Solar PV Bardiya 25000 2082.02.29
Project

Sol Power Limited Sunawal Solar PV Project। Nawalparasi 15000 2082.02.29

Sol Power Limited Krishnapur Solar PV Kanchanpur 15000 2082.02.29
Project

10

11

12

13

Ne}

Nepal Electricity Authority। 15

SS =a I
र

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

160

Comparison of Transmission Line Length in the last Ten Fiscal Years

FY Cicuit km Total Total Increment

661 1321 220kV
1। 2072/073 2417
2073/074। 494
494।

७?
=

W। dR

10।

* Approx 247km are additionally upgraded

Comparison of Substation Capacity in the Last Ten Fiscal Years

S.N FY Total Capacity (MVA) Total Increment (MVA)

oo
4

8

5 364

2134

7 715
10

Nepal Electricity Authority

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2 a = y

Summary of under construction/planned & proposed Transmission Lines /Substations

Transmission Line

Project
Management Total
Directorate

Under construction

Transmission Line (Circuit km) 220 kV 434

Transmission

Description Voltage Level Directorate

Planned and Proposed
Transmission Line (Circuit km)

Substation

Project
Management Total
Directorate

Transmission

Description Directorate

Under construction (MVA) 2445.50 3893.00 6338.50
Planned and Proposed (MVA) 9267.50 6910.00 16177.50

Nepal Electricity Authority। 161

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Existing high voltage transmission lines

Description Type Length Conductor Nominal
of Ckts Circuit km Type Aluminium
Cross Section
Area (Sq.mm)

132 kV Transmission Line

75.76

15.00

56.00
276.00

BEAR 250
BEAR 250
ACCC Cordoba 250
BEAR 250

Anarmani-Duhabi

Re

Single
Kushaha (Nepal)-Kataiya(India) Single
Double

Double

Duhabi-Inaruwa-Kushaha

कृ

Kushaha-Rupani-Lahan-Mirchaiya-
Dhalkebar

uw

Parwanipur-Pathalaiya-Chapur- Double 200.00 BEAR 250

Nawalpur-Dhalkebar
ACCC Cordoba
DUCK
PANTHER
DUCK
BEAR
ACCC Cordoba

ACCC
Amsterdam

BEAR
BEAR
ACCC Cordoba
BEAR

ACCC
Copenhegan

PANTHER
PANTHER
BEAR
ACCC Cordoba
DUCK
DUCK
WOLF

ACCC
Copenhegan

BEAR
BEAR
DO
BEAR
BEAR

Double 76.00
25.00
70.00
84.00
80.00
8.00

5.00

Pathalaiya- Kamane-Hetauda

६।
WW

Bharatpur-Marsyangdi P/S Single

Hetauda-Bharatpur Single

W

Single
Double
Double

Single

Marsyangdi P/S-Suichatar
Matatirtha- KL2 P/S-Hetauda

Suichatar-Matatirtha

NO
yi

0
1
12

Re

Suichatar-Balaju

छि

3 Double

Double

36.00
96.00
46.00
31.00
39.00

N
yi

No
ui

Balaju-Chapali-New Bhaktapur

>

New Bhaktapur-Lamosangu
5
6

17

Lamosangu-New Khimti Single

Lamosangu-Bhotekoshi P/S Single

Bharatpur-Damauli Single

8
9

70.00
28.00
32.00
54.00
116.00
96.00
45.00
7.00

Bharatpur-Kawasoti-Bardghat
Bardghat-Gandak P/S
Bardghat-Butwal

Single
Double
Double
Double
Double
Double

८)

New Butwal-Sunwal-Butwal
Butwal-KGA P/S

KGA P/S-Lekhnath
Lekhnath-Damauli
Lekhnath-Pokhara

2

७०। WwW

No
uw

W

4
5

Single

N

Single

6। Pokhara-Modikhola P/S
Butwal-Shivapur-Lamahi-Kohalpur
Lamahi-Jhimruk P/S

Kohalpur-Bhurigaun-Lumki

37.00
430.00
50.00
176.66
203.12

NTN
Uj u

N
yi
८)

Single
Double

~N

N
G)
[क

8 Single
9 Double

30। Lamki-Pahalwanpur-Attariya- Double
Mahendranagar (Lalpur)

NO

NI
ui

A।
6।
7
8
9।
:
2
2
31

31। Mahendranagar-Gaddachauki Single 12.00 BEAR

162। Nepal Electricity Authority

Marsyangdi -M. Marsyangdi Double 80.00 CARDINAL

250
250

Nepal Portion)
न न
Nepal Portion)
Dumre Damauli BEAR
250
250
49। Butwal-Lumbini 250
छ
Cable
Mainahiya Sampatiya (Cross
Border-Nepal Portion)
40।
8।।।।
[8।।

Khimti- Dhalkebar 150.00 BISON
Trishuli 3B Hub-Matatirtha 98.00 BISON

3 Marsyandi (Markichwok)- Double 164.00 MOOSE 500
Matatirtha
Matatirtha- Matatirtha Substation Double Ckt, 2.50 1C, XLPE Cu 1200
Underground Cable
Double Ckt, 2.50 1C, XLPE Cu 1600
Underground Cable
5 MOOSE

Koshi Corridor (Inaruwa- Single MOOSE
Basantapur-Baneshwor-
Tumlingtar)

Nepal Electricity Authority

un
No

कि

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 oS छ,

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

7 Koshi Corridor (Basantapur- Double 70 MOOSE 500
Dhungesanghu)

जि
9।
11 72 BISON 350
12 42 BISON 350।। 1254.00
८

Dhalkebar-Muzzaffarpur (Nepal Double 78.00 MOOSE 500
Portion)

306.00__। MOOSE 500
Total (400kv)}। ३84.00।
WOLF
2 58.00 0
३ 4:56 WOLF

1
2

ID।
1

Re

50
100
50

[५]

4 Devighat P/S-Okhaltar 53.00 DOG
5 Okhaltar-Chapali 5.60 XLPE Cable

ACCC Silvasa 0
XLPE Cable 50
PANTHER 200
WOLF 150
WOLF 150
HTLS INVAR 150
BEAR 250

ACCC 150
Copenhegan

XLPE Cable

50

©

Chapali-New Chabel 10.00

be

eal। न
oO
८)

©

©

7 New Chabel-Lainchaur 7.00
Balaju-Lainchor 2.00
Balaju-Siuchatar-KL1 P/S 72.00

e

0। KL 1 P/S-Hetauda-Simara 104.00
1। Simara-Parwanipur-Birgunj 40.00
2। Suichatar-Teku 8.20

Suichatar-New Patan 13.00
Teku-K3 (underground) Double, 5.60
Single Core

159। Bhaktapur- Baneshwor-Patan 16.50

16। Bhaktapur-Banepa-Panchkhal- Single 48.00
Sunkoshi P/S

17। Indrawati- Panchkhal 28.00
Total(66kv)।। 514.46

नि। लल

1

3
14 400/500

Re
NO

ACCC Silvasa 3
LGJ 120 120

PANTHER 200

164

Nepal Electricity Authority

Under construction high voltage transmission lines

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2 है = y

Transmission Line Type of Length (Circuit km) Conductor Nominal — Expected
Ckts Total Constructed Constructed Type Aluminium Completion
. . Cross Year
till in Section (FY)
FY 81-82 FY 81-82 onl
81-8 81-82 only Area (Sq.
mm)।! Transmission Directorate
A 132 kV Transmission Line
Singati-Lamosangu 2nd Single 40 40 BEAR 250 2025/26
Circuit
3 Burtibang-Paudi Amarai- Double। 66 BEAR 250 2025/26
Tamghas
4  Kushaha- Biratnagar Double 46 46 30 BEAR 250 2025/26
6 Kohalpur-Surkhet-Dailekh। Double। 168 85 41 BEAR 250 2026/27
7 Balefi Corridor Double 40 CARDINAL 420 2025/26
8 Dhalkebar- Balganga Double। 48 CARDINAL 420 2025/26
9 Kaligandaki- Ridi Double। 44 10 10 BEAR 250 2025/26
10 Nawalpur (Lalbandi) Double। 40 BEAR 250 2025/26
Salimpur
11 Bhumahi-Hakui Double। 32 BEAR 250 2025/26
12 Kabeli (Amarpur) Double। 40 BEAR 250 2025/26
Dhungesangu
13 Godak Soyak Double। 16 BEAR 250 =। 2025/26
14 Kushma -Lower Modi Double। 30 BEAR 250 2025/26
-Modi
19 Birgunj-Parsauni UG Double। 5.6 5.6 5.6 1C, XLPE 2025/26
Cu Cable
16 Barhabise Lamosaghu 2nd। Single 12 BEAR 250 2025/26
Circuit
(Sunkoshi 132 kV SS)
17 Nepalgunj-Nanpara Cross। Double 33 BEAR 250 2025/26
Border
18 Bafikot-Madichaur Double। 150 CARDINAL 250 2025/26
(Khungri)
Total 811 187 87
8 220 kV Transmission Line
3 Tumlingtar-Sitalpati Double। 36 MOOSE 500 2025/26
4  Lekhnath-Damauli Double। 90.00 MOOSE 500 2027/28
9५ Galchhi - Ratmate Double। 34.00 MOOSE 500 2026/27
Total 160 0 0
Nepal Electricity Authority। 165

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

C 400 kV Transmission Line
1। Hetauda-Dhalkebar Double। 270 230 126 MOOSE 500 2025/26
Total 270 230 126
7 Project Management
Directorate
A। 132 kV Transmission Line
1। Lapsifedi- Changunarayan। Double 28 १०। 9०। 0 BEAR 250
- Duwakot
2। Parwanipur - Pokhariya ** Double 84 0 0 ACCC 376 2027/28
Amsterdam
3। Bhaktapur - Thimi - Double। 24 १। १। Single 800 sq.। 2027/28
Balkumari** Core XLPE। MM Cu
5। Dandakhet - Rahughat Double 50 0 0 CARDINAL 420 2025/26
6। Ghorahi - Madichaur Double _ 80. _ 0. _ 0 CARDINAL 420 2026/27
7। Borang - Lapang Double। 48 0 0 BEAR 250 2027/28
a Chobhar Patan Double १०। ०। 0 Single 800 sq. 2025/26
Core XLPE। MM Cu
9। Kohalpur Nepalgunj Double। 20 0 0 BEAR 250 2026/27
Total _ ३43.
B। 220 kV Transmission Line
1। Dharapani - Khudi TL Double 56 0 0 Moose 500 2026/27
2 Khudi - Udipur TL Double। 36 0 0 ACCC 519.7। 2025/26
Drake
3। Udipur - Bharatpur TL Double। 134 12 6। ACCC 519.7। 2025/26
Drake
4। Lapang - Ratmate TL Double eo १। ०। 0 Twin 500 2026/27
Moose
Total 274 120 . 60। 6.0
C 400 kV Transmission Line
1 New Khimti - Barhabise Double 84 84 14 MOOSE 500 2025/26
2। Barhabise - Kathmandu Double 92 89 3 MOOSE 500 2025/26
Total 176 173 17

(Note : ** - In the process of Procurement)

S66। 120० Electricity Authority

Planned and proposed high voltage transmission lines

Description Type of Length Conductor Nominal
Ckts Circuit km Type Aluminium
Cross Section
Area (Sq.mm)

I [Tansmissondrecorte
[A।sootvrensmisiontne।। +i «i
a
on
a
a
es
fp [aowvarsmisintne।। «iY Sid

1 Koshi Corridor (Inaruwa-Basantapur- 106। MOOSE। १७0
Baneshwor-Tumlingtar)
500
: i

System Expansion Double

Chilime-Kerung Double MOOSE 500
on so
00
हा es
es
0
on
on

Nepal Electricity Authority। 167

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 es है = y

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Samundratar-Lapsifedi Double 56.00 BEAR 250

Double 70.00 BEAR 250
Double 90.00 BEAR 250

10
11

Dadakhet-Burtibang

Kamane-Faparbari (Jhurjhure)

Double 160.00 BEAR 250
840.00 BEAR
Double 76.00 MOOSE 500
Double 340.00 MOOSE 500

Double 180.00 MOOSE 500
Double 190.00 MOOSE 500

Double 180.00 MOOSE 500

Double 110.00 MOOSE 500

12 Shyaule-Safebagar

Total
Project Management Directorate

400 kV Transmission Line

Re

Nijgadh - Ramauli

New Butwal-Lamahi
Lamahi-New Kohalpur
New Kohalpur-Dododhara

Dododhara(New Lamki)-New Attariya
(Daiji)

Tingla Hub-Likhu Hub- New Khimti

New Khimti-Tamakoshi 3-Sunkoshi
Hub-Dhalkebar

Double 220.00 MOOSE 500
Double 190.00 MOOSE 500

Double 400.00 MOOSE 500

Multi BISON 350

_
_

Budhigandaki Corridor (Philim-
Gumda-Ratamate)

Damauli-Kusma-Burtibang-Bafikot

Total:

220 kV Transmission Line

Re

Okharpauwa-Tinpiple (LILO of existing
UT3A-Matatirtha Line)

Total:
132 kV Transmission Line

Dailekh - Kalikot - Jumla

Re

Lamosangu - Kavre/Ramechhap

Ww

LILO of Nepalgunj-Nanpara Line

Total

168। Nepal Electricity Authority

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/202

Existing high voltage grid substations

5,140 Substation Voltage Capacity Capacity Total
Ratio FY 080-81 FY 081-82 Increment
in FY 081-82

MVA MVA (MVA)

&।।
1 Balaju 45 0।
66/11 22.5 22.5। oo
2 Chapali 45। 4S
45 45 0।
0।
0।
३ Siuchatar 0।
न
132/66 37.8 37.8
30 30 0।
18 18 0।
18 18 0।
New Chabel 0।
0।
66/11 22.5 22.5
66/11 22.5 22.5
Lainchour 66/11
30 30 0।
New Patan 30। 30 0।
30 30 0।
30 30
30 30
132/11। ge
0।
0।
aa 0।

66/11 0 ee

Baneshwor 30। 0
30 30
49.5 49.5
49.5 49.5
45

Bhaktapur 132/66
132/11 45

८) 1८) ८)

132/66

132/11 45। 0।

45 45 0 ee

Banepa 0
66/11 22.5 22.5

13 Matatirtha 220/132 93.33 93.33

53.33
a ee
a ee
a ee
a ee

" ©

८)» 1८)

132/33
132/11

Bagmati 66/33
6611। 66]

Ne)

Nepal Electricity Authority। 16

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025
15 Samundratar 132/33 30 30। 60
132/33 0।
33/11 8 ee ee।
33/1। CUT 8। 0।
16 Trishuli 3B HUB 220/132
220/132
220/132
220/132
220/132
220/132
132/33
17 Chilime HUB 220/132
220/132
220/132
220/132
220/132
220/132 53.33
132/33 50
Malekhu 132/33।
132/33,। sd
Mulpani 132/11 [।
132/11
8।
Hetauda
Kamane
Bharatpur
23 New Bharatpur
220/132
132/11
Birgunj
Parwanipur
Simra 66/11 15 15। od। = ge
27 Amlekhgunj 100
100। ee
Pathlaiya 132/11
132/33

170।

Nepal Electricity Authority

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/202

Purbi Chitwan 132/33 30। 6g
30। ३0
New Hetauda
400/220
220/132
220/132
10। tC sid
ee
Lahan 30। उ0
63। 63

33/11
33/11
132/33 63
63

400/220 315 315
220/132 315 315
220/132 315 315
160। 160
6। 6। 0
6। 30। -3३
a
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30। 30। 0
0 ee
132/33। 6। 6 0।

132/33

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Dhalkebar

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132/33

38। Loharpatti 132/33।। 6 60।
132/11।।

0

1108
8। 8। 0।
. Duhabi 6।। 6। 0
63।। 6।
63। 0।

132/33 63 63। 0

33/11 24 24 0

33/11 0।

41। Anarmani 30। 30। 0
6। 6। 0
30। 0
0

33/11

132/33
33/11 a ee
a ee
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ee।
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Nepal Electricity Authority। 171

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

45 Amarpur (Kabeli) 132/33 30 30। 60

33/11 0।
0।
47। Inaruwa 400/220 0।

400/220 0।

400/220 3195। 315

220/132

220/132

220/33

220/33
Tumlingtar 220/132

220/132

132/33

132/33
"। Baneshwor 220/33

220/33
50 Basantapur 220/132

220/132

220/132

220/132

220/132

220/132

132/33
0।
ह उपल छ =।।
52 132/33 63

132/33

132/33
Bardghat 132/11 0।

132/11 0।
54 '। Chanauta 132/33। QO

132/33 0।

0।

55 Kawasoti 132/33। ge
Gandak
Motipur 132/33 0।

33/11
Sandhikharka 132/33

33/11

59 Mainahiya

[60। New Butwal 220/132
61 Sunwal 132/33
Tamghas 132/33
33/11
63। Paudi Amarai 132/33,।
33/11 16 16

S72। 1200 Electricity Authority

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/202

Burtibang

ए का
65। Damaul 0
0
0

३। ३

aa Pokhara 30

30। ३0

67। Lekhnath 30 ___। ३0
a

30। 3३0
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220/132 . 53.33
220/132 . 53.33
220/132 . 53.33
po
po
Syangja 30। ३0

33/11
Dana 220/132
132/33
100 100
Lahachowk
8 8। 0।

132/11
Udipur 220/132।। 53.33 53.33

220/132 53.33 53.33
220/132 53.33 53.33
132/33

Attaria Grid Division
Attaria 132/33 0।
132/33 0।

33/11 16.6

33/11 0

132/33
33/11 a

Mahendranagar 132/33 30। 30। 0

0।

0।

0।
Pahalmanpur 132/33
33/11
Syaule 132/33

New Khimti 0
a
66.67

220/132
132/33
132/33

30,। ३0
Garjyang 30। 30।
8। 8।
10। 10। 0।

Lamosanghu 132/33

Nepal Electricity Authority। 173

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

Kohalpur Grid Section

85। Kohalpur
0
0
0

Bhurigaon 132/33 30 30
33/11 8। 8।
Kusum 132/11 12.5 12.5
88। Hapure 132/33
33/41। 8 छै।।
Lamahi

132/33 6। 68। oO।
33/11 0 ee

33/11
Ghorahi 132/33 3 63

132/33 30। 30। 0
33/11 a

Existing high voltage grid substations

S.No Voltage Rating (kV) Transformer Capacity Capacity Total Increment
FY 080-81 FY 081-82 MVA)

7 मा मा 0
[sem। 20] पा

उ

va [asses SiS ts।। 6। 132/11

8।
9।
पण। 290।

174। Nepal Electricity Authority

Under construction high voltage grid substations

Name of Project

Transmission Directorate

Substation Voltage
Level

(Ratio)
kV

Capacity

MVA

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2 है = y

Total Expected
Capacity Completion
Year

MVA AD

1। Kushaha Biratnagar 132 Biratnagar 132/33 3G, 2x63 2025/26
kV Transmission Line 33/11 3G, 16

Tumlingtar Sitalpati 220
kV Transmission Line

220/132
132/33

Sitalpati

1 @, 7x33.33
Bank

1%, 4x8 Bank

2025/26

Kaligandaki Ridi132 kV
Transmission Line

Lalbandi Salimpur 132 kV
Transmission Line

Bhumahi Hakui132 kV
Transmission Line

Lekhnath Damauli 220 kV
Transmission Line

Birgunj Parsauni 132 kV
UG Transmission Line

10। New Khimti -
Lamosanghu Kathmandu
Transmission Line

Upgradation

132/33
33/11

Salimpur 132/33
33/11
Hakui 132/33
33/11

3 Z, 30
3G,8

3 %, 2x100
3४, 1x16.5

2025/26

ली -
Dhalkebar Balganga 132। Balganga 132/33 ३, 2x63 126 2025/26
kV Transmission Line

216.5 2025/26

Lekhnath 220/132 1 @, 7x100 लि 2027/28
Bank

3 D, 2x63

2027/28

Damauli 220/132
132/33 36, 2x30 2027/28
33/11 3G, 2x8 2027/28

132/33
33/11

Parsauni

New Khimti 220/132

3 G,2x100 2025/26
3 D,2x24

132/66 3 B,2x100 200 2025/26

1 @, 3x66.67
Bank

2026/27

11

Surkhet 132 kV
Substation

2
3

Re
No

Kohalpur - Surkhet-
Dailekh 132 kV
Transmission Line

Surkhet

Dailekh 132/33
33/11

132/33

॥। Under Project Management Directorate

1। 220 kV Bahrabise Barhabise 220/132 1 0, 4x53.33 165 2025/26
Substation 132/11 3G, 1x5 2025/26

3 B,2x30

3 B,2x30
3 B,2x22.5

Nepal Electricity Authority।

2025/26

क

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025
2। Kathmandu Valley Chobhar 132/11 30, 2x45 90। 2025/26
Transmission Capacity Futung 132/11 ३, 2x45। 9१0। 2025/26
Reinforcement Project
Thimi 132/11 3 @, 2x45 2025/26
3। Marsyangdi Corridor 220। Khudi 220/132 1 @, 4x53.33 2025/26
kv TL Project 132/33 3 G, 1x50 2025/26
Dharapani 132/33 1 @, 4x33.33 130 2027/28
132/33 3 ZG, 1x30 2027/28
दि Lapsiphedi and Lapsiphedi 220/132 1 @, 4x53.33 182.5 2025/26
Changunarayan। 132/11 3 G, 1x45 45 2025/26
Teku 132/66 30, 1x63 63 2025/26
95। New Khimti - Barhabise New Khimti 400/220 1 @, 7x105 630 2025/26
0060 400kVSS। Barhabise। 400/220। 14, 7x53.33 320 2025/26
rojec
Lapsiphedi 400/220 1 @, 4x105 315 2025/26
o Parwanipur - Pokhariya Pokhariya 132/33 2027/28
7। Kathmandu Valley Balkumari 132/66 2027/28
Transmission Capacity 132/11 2027/28
Reinforcement Project
(Phase II)**
दि Borang-Lapang 132 kV Borang 132/33 3 @, 30 30 2027/28
and Lapang-Ratmate 220।। snang 220/132। 1@, 7x33.33 2027/28
kV Transmission Line and 132/33 3d, 30
Substation project
१। Ghorahi Madichaur 132 Madichaur 132/33 3 GZ, 30 30 2026/27
kV Transmission Line
10। Dadakhet Rahughat132 Dadakhet 132/33 3G, 30 2025/26
kV Transmission Line Rahughat 220/132। 1@, 7x33.33 2025/26
132/33 3B, 30
11। 132 kV Pangtang Pangtang 132/33 3 Z, 30 30 2026/27
Substation
12। 132 kV Keraun Substation। Keraun 132/33 2025/26
132/11 2025/26
14। 132 kV Dumkibas Dumkibas 132/33 2025/26
Substation
16। 132 kV Bakaspur Bakaspur, 132/33 2026/27
Substation Nepalgunj
17। 132 kV New Patan New Patan 132/66 3४, 2x63 261 2025/26
substation ** 132/11 3 @, 3x45 2025/26
176। Nepal Electricity Authority

ey... OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE AND GRID SUBSTATION। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025 '2 है = y

Planned and proposed construction high voltage grid substations

S.No Name of Project Substation Voltage Capacity Total
Level (Ratio) apacity
kV MVA MVA।। Transmission Directorate

1 Dhaubadi Iron Mine 220 kV Dhaubadi 220/132 ३6४, 2x160 aa
Transmission Line 132/33 3 DB, 2x63
2 Dharan 220/33 kV substation Dharan 220/33 3G, 63 73
33/11 3 @,10

3 Palpa 220 kV Substation Palpa 220/132 1 G,7x53.33 478
132/33 3 D,2x63
33/11 3 @,2x16
4 Godak Anarmani 132 kV Anarmani 132/33 3३४, 2x63 126
Transmission Line

5 Lahan - Sukhipur 132 kV Sukhipur 132/33 3 B,2x30 8।
Transmission Line

४। Rupani - Bodebarsain 132 kV। Bodebarsain 132/33 3 B,2x30 लि
Transmission Line

7 Chandrapur - Sukhdevchaur Sukhdevchaur 132/33 3 G,2x63 151
132 kV Transmission Line 3,25। 8। Birauta 132 kV Substation 132/11 30,2x30। 60।

Syaule-Safebagar 132 kV Safebagar 132/33 3 O,2x30 76
Transmission Line 33/11 3 B,1x16

Bafikot-Khungri (Madichaur) Ghartigaun 132/33 3 0,1x30 46
132 kV Transmission Line 33/11 3 B,1x16

Kathmandu Valley System Ratnapark 132/11 3 B,2x45। 90।
Reinforcement Singhdarbar 132/11 3 G,2x45 १०।

(k3)
Maharajgunj 132/11 3 O,2x45। 90।
Sirutar 132/11 3 @,2x30 60।

Dhangadhi 132/33 3 B,2x63 148.5
33/11 3 B,1x22.5

Auraha Simara 132 kV Auraha 132/33 3 B,2x63 171
Transmission Line 33/11 3 B,2x22.5
Dhaubadi-Meghauli 132kV Gaidakot 132/33 3 B,2x30 82.5
Transmission Line 33/11 3 B,1x22.5

Meghauli 132/33 3 B,2x63 148.5

33/11 3 B,1x22.5

Kathmandu Valley Agreegate 220, 132 and 4129
Transmission System 66 kV
Expansion

Nepal Electricity Authority। 177

Attariya Dhangadhi 132 kV
Transmission Line

A YEAR IN REVIEW। FISCAL YEAR 2024/2025

16

Nijgadh 400 kV Substation Nijgadh 400/220 3 G,2x500 1526
220/132 3 @,2x200
132/33 3 G,2x63

Nijgadh-Harnaiya 400 kV Harnaiya 220/132 3 G,2x200
Transmission Line 132/33 3 B,2x63

Harnaiya-Bodhebarsain 400 Bodebarsain 400/132 3 G,2x315
kV Transmission Line

Total 9267.5

Project Managment
Directorate

New Butwal - Lamahi Lamahi 400/220/132

Kohalpur - New Lamki - New 132/11

Attariva 400 kV Transmission ५८५४ 6003 pur। 400/220/132 630
132/11

New Attariya। 400/220/132 630 720
132/11। 90। 0

Khimti 400 kV Transmission
Line
o New Khimti-Tamakoshi Sunkoshi Hub
3-Sunkoshi Hub-Dhalkebar
400 kV Transmission Line
:
Transmission Line Gumda
7 Dailekh - Kalikot - Jumla 132 Kalikot
kV Transmission Line
Jumla 132/33 108
o Damauli - Kushma - Kushma 400/220/132 630
Burtibang - Banfikot 400 kV 650। 630
10। Lamosangu - Kavre / Kavre/ 108
Ramechhap 132 kV Ramechhap 132/11 4S
Transmission Line
11। Nepalgunj-Nanpara 132 kV Old Nepalgunj 6०।
Transmission Line (33/11 kV)
12। Okharpauwa-Tinpiple 220 kV Tinpiple 220/132 1 @, 7x66.67 400
Transmission Line Bank
132/66 3 D, 2x63
60।
Total 6910
178। Nepal Electricity Authority

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180

POWER DEVELOPMENT MAP OF NEPAL

५ / UNDER CONSTRUCTION TRANSMISSION LINES / SUBSTATIONS
(NOT TO SCALE)

220,132 and 66 kV Network Feeding Kathmandu Valley

FROM DEVIGHAT
FROM TRISHULI
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Lower Modi I(9.9)

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DUMKIBAS

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KIMATHANKA ARUN

WHASING CEMENT}

1060 MW

'SOLUKHUMEU

TAPLE.UNG

KIMATHANKA

GCL

ARUN HUB £9 ITALPATI (ARUN)

: DHUNGESANGL
i TUMLINGTAR
a f
1000 MW
~ERHATHUM
1000 MW f

4 BASANTAPUR \ छ

SHIVAPUR MOTIPUR MakarHANPLR 0 ARUN 1061 MW

PURBI
CHITAWAN) HETAUDA
—

5S
NEW
HETAUDA ROY

TAMOR HUB

नि छ

. I
MULTIFUEL

SAMPATIYA (INDIA) 7 0 MW
4

en 3 CHAP

a
GORAKHPUR
RAMNAGAR

OKHALDHLNGA

DUDHKOSHI 635 MW.

KHOTANG

BHO.PUR

NAWALPUR
4
Pas s (भर

Serta DHPNKLTA,

1000 MW

LEGENDS

EXISTING UNDER-CONST. PLANNED

UDAYAPLR,

£1000 MW

ORANG

400 kV TRANSMISSION LINE

220 kV TRANSMISSION LINE

=v MANI

MUZAFFARPUR

132 kV TRANSMISSION LINE KATTAWA
INDIA
66 kV TRANSMISSION LINE

PURNIA

GRID SUB-STATION

NEPAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE

MEDIUM VOLTAGE GRID DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
(Revised Date: JULY 2025)

Legend:
Existing Under Construction Voltage Level

400kV

INTEGRATED NEPAL POWER SYSTEM

(Existing & Under Construction Transmission Line Projects)

220kV
-—_——- 132kV

----- 660४
-———- 33kV

Khimti HEP

Sandikharka। :wa: KG-A HEP

Ls armani

1x63 MVA

Damak 2x63MVA 2x30 MVA।
12x16.6 MV) 27 km, 250 sqmm_ 2X24 MVA।

il 43 km, 250 sq mm।।

Keraun

[ ]। q 132kV Substation YAN
गै ए a.
[-.] 220kV Substation LN, Chilime HEP ;
NN ™~ 400kV Substation Pray [om pper Tamakoshi
- ilime / ee
/®. New Khimti
NEA's Power Plant ae
> & : Bhotekoshi HEPWgy = Singati।__।
Trishuli 3A टु ona H al A731 km, 250 sqm SMVA
VAIN IPP's Power Plant लि] YN ¢ 3 Garjyang
Samundratar Pe m है ५
Trighuli 3B HUB Trishuli HEP Devighat HEP Okhaltar Lamosangu।?
4.56km,150 sq 9 O\ 26.5km, 100 sq mm 2.8km, 500 sq mm
Undgrd Cable
E rs Indraw; i
डु, ) [ny ० /ONtEP
Dharapani 8 Chabahil ef 3 हला
5 14km, 250sqmm Bhaktap ! 8 [759
z =: को =। anepa
Dana a +4 Skm, 250sqmm 7km, 250sqmm Indrawati
Page : [२०] Sunkoshi
EX : a ow
Dada Khet 1.5km, 250sqmm डु डु ">
10.8 km, HTLS 100 sq mu 11km, 120 sqmm ~ छ
From Tanakpur।। New Modi _ Se —__2 ms 103. [मेर : : 3 : —
1] Lower Modi HEP Modi HEP Baneshwor : i
LN Patan in =
Rahughat Panchkhal
Chameliya HEP Nalsing Gadh 2 =
Mahendranagar i " र Fa Bs 75 km, 2X BISON
9 R [० 3 M di-AH नि . Tumlingtar Kabell
3X30 MVA VAL ON 2 =,
16.6 नि ४ Kusma डै arsanga Sitalpati bin. = 20 a हद Dhungesangu ae
3 Jumla ¢ TET जिला। LESS PN Tingla LR 18 km Twin Moose : -—- [7२5।
v डे sy,
5 प्र Burtibang Pokhara डु 5 30 MVA ° = गी
$ 3 cs 7 BMVA A ३0 MA £। Kabeli HEP
3 Syaule rm।। EA wa 3% 0००0 Ea : छ $-22,
i 2X63 ५ 63 km, 250 sq mm ms rT। बा . छ 2X30 MVA . : = € 7
Attariyal Pa aaa] Tags।।। Birauta। 1० — - Matatirtha g 5 E
छ Kalikot i।। Lekhnath ममा JX" HEP Bagmati है टे Saye। Phicim
छै वे [ 0 1x48 i 30 MVA E Whasin £ = 3 .
: in adichaur wwe 5 coment JX।HEP /> a Baneshwo EX as म Basantapur'—- Mal
Pahalmanpurj।3, a Paudi Amrai . g 40 km, 250 sq mm g E 20 kr, Twin Moo त
प0000 Dailekh a। Syangja j : rem es 3 ता E Puwa HEP
™ Ii — 7 Jh imruk H EP 30 MYA r=] 15 418km, 250 sq mm YAN i। टू Mai
Tamghash— Ridi 3 [168 ann YAN छ 3 3 Ox ascad
[।।। 15km।। H Damauli 43 km, HTLS 150 sqmm [63 ०७0 2 छ q १)।। Hapure ~~ 3 Sardi (Hongsi Cement) 135 woe Moose 153 km, Quad Moose £। NY।

30 MVA.
aMVA

20 km, 250 sq mm

12.5 MVA

>

Cha-pur Nawalpur

Pathl aiya ५ mm 25km,250 50 mi 45 km,250 sqm

37km, HTLS 250 sq mim। 30५७.
16.6MVA . नु — 22.5 Mval 2xe3amvA [iY Pe
[। ken, 250 54 30 MVA. 16.6 MVA 16 MVA

Surkhet।

2X15 MVA।।।

30 MVA

Bhurigaon [।। H

Dumkiba।

16.6 MVA

34km, 200 9प गा 36km, POR sq mm

ww bs sz 'Wy एट।

wu bs 092 (Wy 2४

Lahan Rupani

Ghorahi
16.6 MVA 2

1151 HTLS।
17 km, HTLS।

4X63MVA
2X24 MVA। ELGREISGI CO eT Bee EES: Ree
16.6 +8) MY X16.6 MV: 16 MVA 24 MVA . es Ee Fane। MV; छ छाड I M h . i Ht] 22.5 .
Lamahi Shivapur = Motipur_ — Butwal 247 l। Gaidpkot 3 cnalya zemalKudthan ; New Anarmanl।। Sunawal। 225mva =। ava Bin क... co. (New & Old Kamane = u। 815 puhabi
22016,6 शसक 3। 2 22:5 = = 2 Sukhdev = 2x6 Bal .।।
Kohal 3 bt [....... Os Hetauda) 25 65 alganga। 2x
ona'pur {। E Bardghat उँ Dhaubadi 03 ६ chauk 8 [-
8 Mainahi = 8 227 on z . ode
(3 jainaniya xs क = E है 8 pe va [_— हर Auraha Z . <n Sukhipur ~ 226.
पु 3 Hakkui। 3 Meghaull 2 = Amlekhgunj a == =F टू asuva। Loharpatti : Biratnagar
a 22. >
3 TH ¢ way" Multifuel DP

From Muzzaffarpur

Nepalgunj Gandak Salimpur
216 MVA 53 imra 2X15 MVAL__ हे...
8 km, HTLS INVAR:
YEN Pokhariya a छ _। Harniya South Corridor From Kataiya

Nanpara Sampatiya (India) VEandak LE=>>> >>>

(India) sane ——-

Tsqmm

2x100 MVA

Bi rgu nj 2x30 MVA

2x30 MVA

Gorakhpur From Balmikinagar [---- --- खि Parsauni
atm. 1200camm
Under ground Cable

From Raxual

NEPAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY

TRANSMISSION DIRECTORATE

MEDIUM VOLTAGE GRID DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT
(Revised Date: JULY 2025)

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NEPAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY

Head Office: Durbar Marg, Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel: 014153051, Fax: 014153009
Email: neamd@nea.org.np, Website: www.nea.org.np