The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s valuation allowance:
## Table 0 ##
Note 14: Employee Benefits Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits The Company maintains noncontributory defined benefit pension plans covering eligible employees of its regulated utility and shared services operations.
Benefits under the plans are based on the employee’s years of service and compensation.
The pension plans have been closed for most employees hired on or after January 1, 2006.
Union employees hired on or after January 1, 2001 had their accrued benefit frozen and will be able to receive this benefit as a lump sum upon termination or retirement.
Union employees hired on or after January 1, 2001 and non-union employees hired on or after January 1, 2006 are provided with a 5.25% of base pay defined contribution plan.
The Company does not participate in a multiemployer plan.
The Company’s funding policy is to contribute at least the greater of the minimum amount required by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 or the normal cost, and an additional contribution if needed to avoid “at risk” status and benefit restrictions under the Pension Protection Act of 2006.
The Company may also increase its contributions, if appropriate, to its tax and cash position and the plan’s funded position.
Pension plan assets are invested in a number of actively managed and indexed investments including equity and bond mutual funds, fixed income securities and guaranteed interest contracts with insurance companies.
Pension expense in excess of the amount contributed to the pension plans is deferred by certain regulated subsidiaries pending future recovery in rates charged for utility services as contributions are made to the plans.
(See Note 6) The Company also has several unfunded noncontributory supplemental non-qualified pension plans that provide additional retirement benefits to certain employees.
The Company maintains other postretirement benefit plans providing varying levels of medical and life insurance to eligible retirees.
The retiree welfare plans are closed for union employees hired on or after January 1, 2006.
The plans had previously closed for non-union employees hired on or after January 1, 2002.
The Company’s policy is to fund other postretirement benefit costs for rate-making purposes.
Plan assets are invested in equity and bond mutual funds, fixed income securities, real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) and emerging market funds.
The obligations of the plans are dominated by obligations for active employees.
Because the timing of expected benefit payments is so far in the future and the size of the plan assets are small relative to the Company’s assets, the investment strategy is to allocate a significant percentage of assets to equities, which the Company believes will provide the highest return over the long-term period.
The fixed income assets are invested in long duration debt securities and may be invested in fixed income instruments, such as futures and options in order to better match the duration of the plan liability.
The allocation of goodwill in accordance with SFAS No.142 for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was as follows:
## Table 1 ##
See Note 20, “Acquisitions,” for additional information on the goodwill acquired during 2006.
Note 4 Short Term Investments—Available-for-Sale Securities At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company’s available-for-sale securities consisted of auction rate securities for which interest or dividend rates are generally re-set for periods of up to 90 days.
At December 31, 2006, the Company held $33.9 million of auction rate securities which were investments in preferred stock with no maturity dates.
At December 31, 2005, the Company held $44.1 million of auction rate securities, of which $34.7 million were investments in preferred stock with no maturity dates and $9.4 million were investments in other auction rate securities with contractual maturities in 2031.
At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the fair value of the available-for-sale securities held by the Company was equal to their cost.
There were no gross realized gains or losses from the sale of availablefor-sale securities in 2006 and 2005.
Note 5 Accounts Receivable Securitization Program In December 2001, the Company and a group of its U. S.  subsidiaries entered into an accounts receivable securitization program with a bank and an issuer of commercial paper administered by the bank.
On December 7, 2004, which was the scheduled expiration date of this program, the parties extended this program for an additional term of three years ending December 7, 2007.
Under this receivables program, the Company’s two primary operating subsidiaries, Cryovac, Inc.  and Sealed Air Corporation (US), sell all of their eligible U. S.  accounts receivable to Sealed Air Funding Corporation, an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company that was formed for the sole purpose of entering into the receivables program.
Sealed Air Funding in turn may sell undivided ownership interests in these receivables to the bank and the issuer of commercial paper, subject to specified conditions, up to a maximum of $125.0 million of receivables interests outstanding from time to time.
Sealed Air Funding retains the receivables it purchases from the operating subsidiaries, except those as to which it sells receivables interests to the bank or the issuer of commercial paper.
The Company has structured the sales of accounts receivable by the operating subsidiaries to Sealed Air Funding, and the sales of receivables interests from Sealed Air Funding to the bank and the issuer of commercial paper, as “true sales” under applicable laws.
The assets of Sealed Air Funding are not available to pay any creditors of the Company or of the Company’s other subsidiaries or affiliates.
The Company accounts for these transactions as sales of receivables under the provisions of SFAS No.140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities.
”
Product Care 2016 compared with 2015 As reported, net sales decreased $30 million, or 2%, in 2016 compared with 2015, of which $22 million was due to negative currency impact.
On a constant dollar basis, net sales decreased $8 million, or 1%, in 2016 compared with 2015 primarily due to the following: ?
unfavorable price/mix of $29 million primarily in North America driven by targeted pricing incentives and an unfavorable product mix related to accelerated growth in e-Commerce and a shift in demand due to more innovative, resource-efficient solutions.
This was partially offset by: ?
higher unit volumes of $21 million, primarily in North America and EMEA due to ongoing strength in the e-Commerce and third party logistics markets, partially offset by rationalization and weakness in the industrial sector, as well as declines in Latin America due to the political and economic environment.2015 compared with 2014 As reported, net sales decreased $109 million, or 7%, in 2015 compared with 2014, of which $99 million was due to negative currency impact.
On a constant dollar basis, net sales decreased $10 million, or 1%, in 2015 compared with 2014 primarily due to the following: ?
lower unit volumes due to rationalization efforts in North America, Latin America and to a lesser extent, EMEA and weaknesses across the industrial sector.
This was partially offset by: ?
favorable price/mix in all regions, primarily in North America and Latin America reflecting results from our focus on maintaining pricing disciplines and an increase of sales from high-performance packaging solutions, including cushioning and packaging systems as compared to sales from general packaging solutions, and the progression of our pricing and value initiatives implemented to offset non-material inflationary costs as well as currency devaluation.
Cost of Sales Cost of sales for the years ended December 31, were as follows:
## Table 2 ##
2016 compared with 2015 As reported, costs of sales decreased $198 million in 2016 as compared to 2015.
Cost of sales was impacted by favorable foreign currency translation of $163 million.
On a constant dollar basis, cost of sales decreased $35 million primarily due to the divestiture of the North American foam trays and absorbent pads business and European food trays business of $79 million, offset by an increase of $51 million in expenses representing higher non-material manufacturing and direct costs, including salary and wage inflation, partially offset by restructuring savings and lower incentive based compensation.2015 compared with 2014 As reported, costs of sales decreased $618 million in 2015 as compared to 2014.
Cost of sales was impacted by favorable foreign currency translation of $492 million.
On a constant dollar basis, cost of sales decreased $126 million primarily due to the divestiture of the North American foam trays and absorbent pads business and European food trays business of $140 million and favorable impact of $31 million related to cost savings, freight, and other supply chain costs.
These were partially offset by $47 million in expenses related to higher non-material manufacturing costs, including salary and wage inflation.

Tables referenced above, in order (Table 0 first):
<table><tr><td>Balance at January 1, 2010</td><td>$25,621</td></tr><tr><td>Increases in current period tax positions</td><td>907</td></tr><tr><td>Decreases in current period tax positions</td><td>-2,740</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at December 31, 2010</td><td>$23,788</td></tr><tr><td>Increases in current period tax positions</td><td>1,525</td></tr><tr><td>Decreases in current period tax positions</td><td>-3,734</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at December 31, 2011</td><td>$21,579</td></tr><tr><td>Increases in current period tax positions</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>Decreases in current period tax positions</td><td>-2,059</td></tr><tr><td>Balance at December 31, 2012</td><td>$19,520</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td> </td><td> Balance at Beginning of Period</td><td> Goodwill Acquired</td><td> Foreign Currency Translation and Other</td><td> Balance at End of Period</td></tr><tr><td>Year Ended December 31, 2006</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Food Packaging</td><td>$540.4</td><td>$31.9</td><td>$14.9</td><td>$587.2</td></tr><tr><td>Protective Packaging</td><td>1,368.4</td><td>0.4</td><td>1.1</td><td>1,369.9</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$1,908.8</td><td>$32.3</td><td>$16.0</td><td>$1,957.1</td></tr><tr><td>Year Ended December 31, 2005</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Food Packaging</td><td>$549.8</td><td>$0.7</td><td>$-10.1</td><td>$540.4</td></tr><tr><td>Protective Packaging</td><td>1,368.2</td><td>0.8</td><td>-0.6</td><td>1,368.4</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$1,918.0</td><td>$1.5</td><td>$-10.7</td><td>$1,908.8</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">Year Ended December 31,</td><td rowspan="2">2016 vs. 2015 % Change</td><td rowspan="2">2015 vs. 2014 % Change</td></tr><tr><td>(In millions)</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>Net sales</td><td>$6,778.3</td><td>$7,031.5</td><td>$7,750.5</td><td>-3.6%</td><td>-9.3%</td></tr><tr><td>Cost of sales</td><td>4,246.7</td><td>4,444.9</td><td>5,062.9</td><td>-4.5%</td><td>-12.2%</td></tr><tr><td>As a % of net sales</td><td>62.7%</td><td>63.2%</td><td>65.3%</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gross Profit</td><td>$2,531.6</td><td>$2,586.6</td><td>$2,687.6</td><td>-2.1%</td><td>-3.8%</td></tr></table>

Question: What's the sum of Cost of sales of Year Ended December 31, 2016, Decreases in current period tax positions, and Total Year Ended December 31, 2005 of Balance at End of Period ?
Answer: 8895.5
Reasoning program: add(4246.7,2740.0), add(#0,1908.8)