Revenues in 2007 grew by $4,857 million, primarily due to the growth at Commercial Airplanes.
Commercial Airplanes revenues increased by $4,921 million, primarily due to higher new airplane deliveries and increased commercial aviation support activities.
IDS revenues decreased by $359 million, primarily due to lower revenues in N&SS resulting from the formation of the United Launch Alliance (ULA) joint venture in 2006 and lower revenues in BMA, offset by growth in GS&S.
BCC revenues decreased by $210 million primarily due to a decrease in the customer financing portfolio.
Unallocated items and eliminations changed by $524 million primarily due to fewer Commercial Airplanes intercompany deliveries when compared with 2006.
Earnings from Operations The following table summarizes our earnings from operations: (Dollars in millions)
## Table 0 ##
Operating earnings in 2008 decreased by $1,880 million compared with 2007.
Commercial Airplanes earnings decreased by $2,398 million compared with the same period in 2007, primarily due to fewer new airplane deliveries resulting from the strike, increased program infrastructure costs related to the strike and revised schedules on 787 and 747-8, and a charge taken on the 747-8 program.
Commercial Airplanes’ research and development expense decreased by $124 million to $2,838 million compared with the same period in 2007, primarily due to lower spending on 787 partially offset by higher spending on 747-8 and lower supplier development cost sharing payments.
IDS earnings decreased by $208 million compared with 2007 primarily due to lower earnings in the BMA segment resulting from a $248 million charge taken on the Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C).
BCC operating earnings decreased $72 million reflecting lower revenues and a provision for losses partially offset by lower interest expense.
Unallocated items and eliminations in 2008 improved by $774 million compared with 2007, which is further explained in the table below.
Operating earnings in 2007 improved by $2,816 million compared with 2006.
The increase is partly due to the $571 million global settlement with U. S.  Department of Justice (U. S.  DoJ) that occurred in the second quarter of 2006.
Commercial Airplanes earnings increased by $851 million compared with the same period in 2006, primarily due to higher new airplane deliveries, commercial aviation support activities and improved cost performance offset by increased research and development expense.
Commercial Airplanes’ research and development expense increased by $572 million to $2,962 million compared with the same period 2006, primarily due to spending on the 787 and 747-8 programs.
IDS earnings increased by $409 million compared with 2006.
The increase is primarily due to 2006 charges of $770 million in the BMA segment related to AEW&C, partially offset by lower 2007 earnings on several programs in the BMA and N&SS segments.
BCC operating earnings decreased $57 million reflecting lower revenues partially offset by a recovery of losses and lower expenses.
Other segment earnings improved by $482 million primarily due to the absence of losses related to Connexion by Boeing, which included a charge of $320 million to exit this business in 2006.
Unallocated items and eliminations in 2007 contributed $560 million to the 2007 earnings improvement, which is further explained in the table below.
The principal components of EOG's rollforward of valuation allowances for deferred tax assets were as follows (in thousands):
## Table 1 ##
(1) Increase in valuation allowance related to the generation of tax net operating losses and other deferred tax assets.
(2) Decrease in valuation allowance associated with adjustments to certain deferred tax assets and their related allowance.
(3) Represents dispositions/revisions/foreign exchange rate variances and the effect of statutory income tax rate changes.
The balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2016, was $36 million, of which $2 million may potentially have an earnings impact.
EOG records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits to its income tax provision.
Currently, $2 million of interest has been recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.
EOG does not anticipate that the amount of the unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change during the next twelve months.
EOG and its subsidiaries file income tax returns and are subject to tax audits in the United States and various state, local and foreign jurisdictions.
EOG's earliest open tax years in its principal jurisdictions are as follows: United States federal (2011), Canada (2012), United Kingdom (2015), Trinidad (2010) and China (2008).
EOG's foreign subsidiaries' undistributed earnings of approximately $2 billion at December 31, 2016, are no longer considered to be permanently reinvested outside the United States and, accordingly, EOG has cumulatively recorded $280 million of United States federal, foreign and state deferred income taxes.
EOG changed its permanent reinvestment assertion in 2014.
In 2016, EOG's alternative minimum tax (AMT) credits were reduced by $21 million mostly as a result of carry-back claims and certain elections.
Remaining AMT credits of $758 million, resulting from AMT paid in prior years, will be carried forward indefinitely until they are used to offset regular income taxes in future periods.
The ability of EOG to utilize these AMT credit carryforwards to reduce federal income taxes may become subject to various limitations under the Internal Revenue Code.
Such limitations may arise if certain ownership changes (as defined for income tax purposes) were to occur.
As of December 31, 2016, EOG had state income tax net operating losses (NOLs) being carried forward of approximately $1.6 billion, which, if unused, expire between 2017 and 2035.
During 2016, EOG's United Kingdom subsidiary incurred a tax NOL of approximately $38 million which, along with prior years' NOLs of $740 million, will be carried forward indefinitely.
As described above, these NOLs have been evaluated for the likelihood of future utilization, and valuation allowances have been established for the portion of these deferred tax assets that do not meet the "more likely than not" threshold.7.
Employee Benefit Plans Stock-Based Compensation During 2016, EOG maintained various stock-based compensation plans as discussed below.
EOG recognizes compensation expense on grants of stock options, SARs, restricted stock and restricted stock units, performance units and performance stock, and grants made under the EOG Resources, Inc.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP).
Stock-based compensation expense is calculated based upon the grant date estimated fair value of the awards, net of forfeitures, based upon EOG's historical employee turnover rate.
Compensation expense is amortized over the shorter of the vesting period or the period from date of grant until the date the employee becomes eligible to retire without company approval.
Weighted average fair values and valuation assumptions used to value performance unit and performance stock grants during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:
## Table 2 ##
Expected volatility is based on the term-matched historical volatility over the simulated term, which is calculated as the time between the grant date and the end of the performance period.
The risk-free interest rate is based on a 3.25 year zero-coupon risk-free interest rate derived from the Treasury Constant Maturities yield curve on the grant date.
At December 31, 2016, unrecognized compensation expense related to performance units totaled $10 million.
Such unrecognized expense will be amortized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 3.0 years.
Pension Plans.
EOG has a defined contribution pension plan in place for most of its employees in the United States.
EOG's contributions to the pension plan are based on various percentages of compensation and, in some instances, are based upon the amount of the employees' contributions.
EOG's total costs recognized for the plan were $34 million, $36 million and $41 million for 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
In addition, EOG's Trinidadian subsidiary maintains a contributory defined benefit pension plan and a matched savings plan.
EOG's United Kingdom subsidiary maintains a pension plan which includes a non-contributory defined contribution pension plan and a matched defined contribution savings plan.
These pension plans are available to most employees of the Trinidadian and United Kingdom subsidiaries.
EOG's combined contributions to these plans were $1 million, $1 million and $5 million for 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
For the Trinidadian defined benefit pension plan, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets and accrued benefit cost totaled $8 million, $7 million and $0.3 million, respectively, at December 31, 2016, and $9 million, $7 million and $0.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2015.
In connection with the divestiture of substantially all of its Canadian assets in the fourth quarter of 2014, EOG has elected to terminate the Canadian non-contributory defined benefit pension plan.
Postretirement Health Care.
EOG has postretirement medical and dental benefits in place for eligible United States and Trinidad employees and their eligible dependents, the costs of which are not material.8.
Commitments and Contingencies Letters of Credit and Guarantees.
At December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, EOG had standby letters of credit and guarantees outstanding totaling approximately $226 million and $272 million, primarily representing guarantees of payment or performance obligations on behalf of subsidiaries.
As of February 20, 2017, there were no demands for payment under these guarantees.
The diluted earnings per share calculation excludes stock options, SARs, restricted stock and units and performance units and stock that were anti-dilutive.
Shares underlying the excluded stock options and SARs totaled 10.3 million, 10.2 million and 0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, 4.5 million and 5.3 million shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units and performance units and performance stock were excluded.10.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information Net cash paid for interest and income taxes was as follows for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
## Table 3 ##
EOG's accrued capital expenditures at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were $388 million, $416 million and $972 million, respectively.
Non-cash investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016, included $3,834 million in non-cash additions to EOG's oil and gas properties related to the Yates transaction (see Note 17).
Non-cash investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 included non-cash additions of $5 million to EOG's oil and gas properties as a result of property exchanges.11.  Business Segment Information EOG's operations are all crude oil and natural gas exploration and production related.
The Segment Reporting Topic of the ASC establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments in annual financial statements.
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
EOG's chief operating decision-making process is informal and involves the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and other key officers.
This group routinely reviews and makes operating decisions related to significant issues associated with each of EOG's major producing areas in the United States, Trinidad, the United Kingdom and China.
For segment reporting purposes, the chief operating decision maker considers the major United States producing areas to be one operating segment.
EOG RESOURCES, INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Tables referenced above, in order (Table 0 first):
<table><tr><td>Years ended December 31,</td><td>2008</td><td>2007</td><td>2006</td></tr><tr><td>Commercial Airplanes</td><td>1,186</td><td>$3,584</td><td>$2,733</td></tr><tr><td>Integrated Defense Systems</td><td>3,232</td><td>3,440</td><td>3,031</td></tr><tr><td>Boeing Capital Corporation</td><td>162</td><td>234</td><td>291</td></tr><tr><td>Other</td><td>-307</td><td>-331</td><td>-813</td></tr><tr><td>Unallocated items and eliminations</td><td>-323</td><td>-1,097</td><td>-1,657</td></tr><tr><td>Settlement with U.S. Department of Justice, net of accruals</td><td></td><td></td><td>-571</td></tr><tr><td>Earnings from operations</td><td>$3,950</td><td>$5,830</td><td>$3,014</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>Beginning Balance</td><td>$506,127</td><td>$463,018</td><td>$223,599</td></tr><tr><td>Increase<sup>-1</sup></td><td>37,221</td><td>146,602</td><td>392,729</td></tr><tr><td>Decrease<sup>-2</sup></td><td>-12,667</td><td>-4,315</td><td>-1,424</td></tr><tr><td>Other<sup>-3</sup></td><td>-147,460</td><td>-99,178</td><td>-151,886</td></tr><tr><td>Ending Balance</td><td>$383,221</td><td>$506,127</td><td>$463,018</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>Weighted Average Fair Value of Grants</td><td>$119.10</td><td>$80.64</td><td>$119.27</td></tr><tr><td>Expected Volatility</td><td>32.48%</td><td>29.35%</td><td>32.18%</td></tr><tr><td>Risk-Free Interest Rate</td><td>1.15%</td><td>1.07%</td><td>1.18%</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td><td>2014</td></tr><tr><td>Interest, Net of Capitalized Interest</td><td>$252,030</td><td>$222,088</td><td>$197,383</td></tr><tr><td>Income Taxes, Net of Refunds Received</td><td>$-39,293</td><td>$41,108</td><td>$342,741</td></tr></table>

Question: what is the increase observed in the interest net of capitalized interest during 2015 and 2016?
Answer: 0.13482
Reasoning program: divide(252030,222088), subtract(#0,const_1)