Goodwill and Intangible Asset Impairment Charge During the third quarter of fiscal year 2017, we determined that the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets (primarily acquired trade names) associated with our Latin America reporting unit of our Industrial Gases – Americas segment were impaired.
We recorded a noncash impairment charge of $162.1 ($154.1 attributable to Air Products, after-tax, or $.70 per share), which was driven by lower economic growth and profitability in the region.
This impairment charge has been excluded from segment results.
Refer to Note 10, Goodwill, and Note 11, Intangible Assets, to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Other Income (Expense), Net Items recorded to "Other income (expense), net" arise from transactions and events not directly related to our principal income earning activities.
The detail of "Other income (expense), net" is presented in Note 23, Supplemental Information, to the consolidated financial statements.2018 vs.  2017 Other income (expense), net of $50.2 decreased $70.8, primarily due to lower income from the transition services agreements with Versum and Evonik, lower income from the sale of assets and investments, lower favorable contract settlements, and an unfavorable foreign exchange impact.2017 vs.  2016 Other income (expense), net of $121.0 increased $71.6, primarily due to income from transition services agreements with Versum and Evonik, income from the sale of assets and investments, including a gain of $12.2 ($7.6 after-tax, or $.03 per share) resulting from the sale of a parcel of land, and a favorable foreign exchange impact.
Interest Expense
## Table 0 ##
2018 vs.  2017 Interest incurred increased $10.4 as project financing associated with the Lu'An joint venture and a higher average interest rate on the debt portfolio were partially offset by the impact from a lower average debt balance.
The change in capitalized interest was driven by an increase in the carrying value of projects under construction.2017 vs.  2016 Interest incurred decreased $8.3 as the impact from a lower average debt balance of $26 was partially offset by the impact from a higher average interest rate on the debt portfolio of $19.
The change in capitalized interest was driven by a decrease in the carrying value of projects under construction, primarily as a result of our decision to exit from the EfW business.
Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2018 vs.  2017 Other non-operating income (expense), net of $5.1 decreased $11.5.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2018, we recognized a pension settlement loss of $43.7 ($33.2 after-tax, or $.15 per share) that primarily resulted from the transfer of certain pension payment obligations to an insurer for our U. S.  salaried and hourly plans through the purchase of an irrevocable, nonparticipating group annuity contract with plan assets.
For additional information, refer to Note 16, Retirement Benefits, to the consolidated financial statements.
This loss was partially offset by higher interest income on cash and cash items and short-term investments and lower other non-service pension expense.
The prior year pension expense included a settlement loss of $10.5 ($6.6 after-tax, or $.03 per share) associated with the U. S.  Supplementary Pension Plan and a settlement benefit of $2.3 related to the disposition of EMD and PMD.
Incurred Losses and LAE.
The following table presents the incurred losses and LAE for the International segment for the periods indicated.
## Table 1 ##
Incurred losses and LAE decreased by 35.1% to $486.6 million in 2016 compared to $749.9 million in 2015, primarily due to more favorable development on prior year attritional losses of $193.4 million, a decrease in current year attritional losses of $145.1 million, mainly due to lower Canadian, Latin American, Middle Eastern and African losses in 2016 and the impact of the decrease in premiums earned, as well as more favorable development of prior year catastrophe losses of $33.2 million, partially offset by an increase of $108.3 million in current year catastrophe losses.
The $224.8 million of favorable development on prior years attritional losses was mainly related to property business.
The $178.8 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2016 were due to the Fort McMurray Canada wildfire ($97.5 million), Hurricane Matthew ($27.4 million), the Ecuador earthquake ($23.6 million), the 2016 Taiwan earthquake ($15.2 million) and the New Zealand earthquake ($14.0 million).
The $70.5 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2015 were due to the Chilean earthquake ($34.8 million), Northern Chile storms ($19.5 million) and the New South Wales storms ($16.2 million).
The 2016 favorable development on prior years catastrophe losses related primarily to the 2015 Chilean earthquake.
Incurred losses and LAE increased by 0.2% to $749.9 million in 2015 compared to $748.2 million in 2014, primarily due to the increase in current year attritional losses of $11.8 million, mainly related to $29.7 million of losses from the explosion at the Chinese port of Tianjin, partially offset by the decline in premiums earned.
This increase in current year attritional reserves was mostly offset by $11.0 million of favorable prior years’ development in 2015 compared to 2014 mainly related to Latin American and Canadian business.
Current year catastrophe losses for 2015 are outlined above.
The $71.1 million of current year catastrophe losses in 2014 were due to the 2014 Chilean earthquake ($20.7 million), Japan snowstorm ($20.0 million), Hurricane Odile ($15.4 million) and the Brisbane hailstorm ($14.9 million).
Segment Expenses.
Commission and brokerage decreased by 4.9% to $283.4 million in 2016 compared to $298.2 million in 2015.
The year over year decrease was mainly due to the impact of the decrease in premiums earned.
Segment other underwriting expenses increased slightly to $35.5 million in 2016 compared to $34.3 million in 2015.
properly allocating responsibility and/or liability for asbestos or environmental damage; (d) changes in underlying laws and judicial interpretation of those laws; (e) the potential for an asbestos or environmental claim to involve many insurance providers over many policy periods; (f) questions concerning interpretation and application of insurance and reinsurance coverage; and (g) uncertainty regarding the number and identity of insureds with potential asbestos or environmental exposure.
Due to the uncertainties discussed above, the ultimate losses attributable to A&E, and particularly asbestos, may be subject to more variability than are non-A&E reserves and such variation could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows.
See also ITEM 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” - Notes 1 and 3 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Reinsurance Receivables.
We have purchased reinsurance to reduce our exposure to adverse claim experience, large claims and catastrophic loss occurrences.
Our ceded reinsurance provides for recovery from reinsurers of a portion of losses and loss expenses under certain circumstances.
Such reinsurance does not relieve us of our obligation to our policyholders.
In the event our reinsurers are unable to meet their obligations under these agreements or are able to successfully challenge losses ceded by us under the contracts, we will not be able to realize the full value of the reinsurance receivable balance.
To minimize exposure from uncollectible reinsurance receivables, we have a reinsurance security committee that evaluates the financial strength of each reinsurer prior to our entering into a reinsurance arrangement.
In some cases, we may hold full or partial collateral for the receivable, including letters of credit, trust assets and cash.
Additionally, creditworthy foreign reinsurers of business written in the U. S. , as well as capital markets’ reinsurance mechanisms, are generally required to secure their obligations.
We have established reserves for uncollectible balances based on our assessment of the collectability of the outstanding balances.
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the reserve for uncollectible balances was $15.0 million.
Actual uncollectible amounts may vary, perhaps substantially, from such reserves, impacting income (loss) in the period in which the change in reserves is made.
See also ITEM 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” - Note 11 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Financial Condition – Reinsurance Receivables” below.
Premiums Written and Earned.
Premiums written by us are earned ratably over the coverage periods of the related insurance and reinsurance contracts.
We establish unearned premium reserves to cover the unexpired portion of each contract.
Such reserves, for assumed reinsurance, are computed using pro rata methods based on statistical data received from ceding companies.
Premiums earned, and the related costs, which have not yet been reported to us, are estimated and accrued.
Because of the inherent lag in the reporting of written and earned premiums by our ceding companies, we use standard accepted actuarial methodologies to estimate earned but not reported premium at each financial reporting date.
These earned but not reported premiums are combined with reported earned premiums to comprise our total premiums earned for determination of our incurred losses and loss and LAE reserves.
Commission expense and incurred losses related to the change in earned but not reported premium are included in current period company and segment financial results.
See also ITEM 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” - Note 1 of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The following table displays the estimated components of net earned but not reported premiums by segment for the periods indicated.
## Table 2 ##

Tables referenced above, in order (Table 0 first):
<table><tr><td></td><td>2018</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td></tr><tr><td>Interest incurred</td><td>$150.0</td><td>$139.6</td><td>$147.9</td></tr><tr><td>Less: Capitalized interest</td><td>19.5</td><td>19.0</td><td>32.7</td></tr><tr><td>Interest Expense</td><td>$130.5</td><td>$120.6</td><td>$115.2</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="9">Years Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td>(Dollars in millions)</td><td>Current Year</td><td colspan="2">Ratio %/ Pt Change</td><td>Prior Years</td><td colspan="2">Ratio %/ Pt Change</td><td>Total Incurred</td><td colspan="2">Ratio %/ Pt Change</td></tr><tr><td>2016</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Attritional</td><td>$576.2</td><td>51.5%</td><td></td><td>$-224.8</td><td>-20.1%</td><td></td><td>$351.4</td><td>31.4%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Catastrophes</td><td>178.8</td><td>16.0%</td><td></td><td>-43.7</td><td>-3.9%</td><td></td><td>135.2</td><td>12.1%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total segment</td><td>$755.0</td><td>67.5%</td><td></td><td>$-268.5</td><td>-24.0%</td><td></td><td>$486.6</td><td>43.5%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2015</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Attritional</td><td>$721.3</td><td>57.7%</td><td></td><td>$-31.4</td><td>-2.5%</td><td></td><td>$689.9</td><td>55.2%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Catastrophes</td><td>70.5</td><td>5.6%</td><td></td><td>-10.5</td><td>-0.8%</td><td></td><td>60.0</td><td>4.8%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total segment</td><td>$791.8</td><td>63.3%</td><td></td><td>$-41.9</td><td>-3.3%</td><td></td><td>$749.9</td><td>60.0%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2014</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Attritional</td><td>$709.5</td><td>54.2%</td><td></td><td>$-20.4</td><td>-1.6%</td><td></td><td>$689.2</td><td>52.6%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Catastrophes</td><td>71.1</td><td>5.4%</td><td></td><td>-12.1</td><td>-0.9%</td><td></td><td>59.0</td><td>4.5%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total segment</td><td>$780.6</td><td>59.6%</td><td></td><td>$-32.5</td><td>-2.5%</td><td></td><td>$748.2</td><td>57.1%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Variance 2016/2015</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Attritional</td><td>$-145.1</td><td>-6.2</td><td>pts</td><td>$-193.4</td><td>-17.6</td><td>pts</td><td>$-338.5</td><td>-23.8</td><td>pts</td></tr><tr><td>Catastrophes</td><td>108.3</td><td>10.4</td><td>pts</td><td>-33.2</td><td>-3.1</td><td>pts</td><td>75.2</td><td>7.3</td><td>pts</td></tr><tr><td>Total segment</td><td>$-36.8</td><td>4.2</td><td>pts</td><td>$-226.6</td><td>-20.7</td><td>pts</td><td>$-263.3</td><td>-16.5</td><td>pts</td></tr><tr><td>Variance 2015/2014</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Attritional</td><td>$11.8</td><td>3.5</td><td>pts</td><td>$-11.0</td><td>-0.9</td><td>pts</td><td>$0.7</td><td>2.6</td><td>pts</td></tr><tr><td>Catastrophes</td><td>-0.6</td><td>0.2</td><td>pts</td><td>1.6</td><td>0.1</td><td>pts</td><td>1.0</td><td>0.3</td><td>pts</td></tr><tr><td>Total segment</td><td>$11.2</td><td>3.7</td><td>pts</td><td>$-9.4</td><td>-0.8</td><td>pts</td><td>$1.7</td><td>2.9</td><td>pts</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">(Some amounts may not reconcile due to rounding.)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="3">At December 31,</td></tr><tr><td>(Dollars in millions)</td><td>2017</td><td>2016</td><td>2015</td></tr><tr><td>U.S. Reinsurance</td><td>$354.3</td><td>$385.5</td><td>$372.5</td></tr><tr><td>International</td><td>275.2</td><td>235.4</td><td>243.9</td></tr><tr><td>Bermuda</td><td>270.3</td><td>258.4</td><td>253.4</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>$899.8</td><td>$879.3</td><td>$869.8</td></tr><tr><td>(Some amounts may not reconcile due to rounding.)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table>

Question: In the year with lowest amount of Catastrophes, what's the increasing rate of Total segment? (in %)
Answer: 0.01435
Reasoning program: subtract(791.8,780.6), divide(#0,780.6)