NINETEENTH CONGRESS OF THE ) 
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES )
First Regular Session 
)
iSifiC' ot 'S C
72 JUL21 P2:46
SENATE
Senate Bill No. 784
RlXHiVcD G
Introduced by Senator Juan Miguel F. Zubiri
AN ACT
PROHIBITING THE USE OF PYRAMID SCHEMES OR CHAIN DISTRIBUTION PLANS IN 
DOING BUSINESS AND PROVIDING PENALTIES THEREFORE AND FOR OTHER 
PURPOSES
EXPALANATORY NOTE
Business entities engaged in various forms of deceptive and fraudulent sales acts and 
practices particularly "pyramid sales schemes" or "chain distribution plans" continue to proliferate 
despite government efforts to curtail such activities. A great number of individual investors and 
participants fall victim to these companies and are unable to recoup their hard-earned savings 
and borrowed money once these companies collapse.
The Consumer Act of the Philippines does not have adequate provisions to identify, 
monitor and penalize companies or business entities engaged in pyramiding. The law does not 
provide a clear definition and distinction between "multi-level marketing" or "networking" as a 
legitimate way of marketing products, services and credit as against "pyramid schemes" or "chain 
distribution plans." Multinational and local companies are getting more sophisticated in their 
business models in masquerading and passing their company off as legitimate multi-level 
marketing companies.
Therefore, this measure seeks to empower the Department of Trade and Industry in 
curtailing the growing number of business companies engaged In "Pyramid Schemes" or "Chain 
Distribution Plans" by expanding its regulatory powers. This proposed measure provides a clear 
definition of "Pyramid Schemes" or "Chain Distribution Plans" as prohibited sales devices and 
"multi-level marketing" or "networking" as legitimate way of doing business. It further 
enumerates indicators and/or conditions of "Pyramid Schemes" or "Chain Distribution Plans" so 
that the public In general will be on guard against these companies. To curtail the use of 
pyramiding sales devices, stiffer penalties are provided for in this proposed Act.
In view of the foregoing, the passage of this bill is earnestly sought.
MIGUEL F. ZUBIRI


NINETEENTH CONGRESS OF THE ) 
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES )
First Regular Session 
)
SENATE
Senate Bill No. 784
c{ :rA-
72 JUL 21 P2 '46
Rt.CE'V £0
Introduced by Senator Juan Miguel F. Zubiri
AN ACT
PROHIBITING THE USE OF PYRAMID SCHEMES OR CHAIN DISTRIBUTION PLANS IN 
DOING BUSINESS AND PROVIDING PENALTIES THEREFORE AND FOR OTHER 
PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress 
assembled:
1 
SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Anti-Pyramiding Act
2 
of 2022".
3 
SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. - It is the policy of the state to promote and
4 
support fair and honest business transactions and prevent the employment of pyramid
5 
schemes or chain distribution plans which continue to wreck the economic lives of
6 
countless Filipinos who aspire to have a thriving business of their own. To this end, the
7 
state shall implement measures to achieve the following objectives:
8 
a) To define pyramid schemes or chain distribution plans and differentiate such illegal
9 
activities from multi-level marketing or networking as a legitimate way of doing
10 
business;
11 
b) To provide indicators and parameters to identify pyramid schemes or chain
12 
distribution plans;
13 
c) To establish a mechanism to monitor and prevent pyramid schemes or chain
14 
distribution plans; and
15 
d) To impose stiffer penalties for violations of the provisions of this Act.
16 
SEC. 3. Definition of Terms. - For purposes of this Act, the following term shall
17 
be defined as:
18 
a) "Binary MLM Plan" refers to a binary plan or a multi-level marketing compensation
19 
plan which allows independent distributors to have only two front line distributors
20 
in the binary tree. If a distributor sponsors more than two distributors, the excess
21 
are placed at levels below the front line of the sponsoring distributors in a binary
22 
tree. To be legitimate, distributors can earn by balancing sales volume and not


1 
balancing number of recruits which is not aliowed as the latter is construed as
2 
"headhunting" wherein commissions are paid by the mere act of recruitment under
3 
the two legs.
4 
b) "Consideration" refers to payment of money or its equivalent, or purchase of
5 
goods, services, credits or intangible property but excluding purchase of goods or
6 
services furnished at cost to be used in making sales, and time and effort spent in
7 
pursuit of sales or recruiting activities;
8 
c) "Drawback Policy" refers to definitive guidelines for the return of marketable
9 
products within a reasonable time;
10 
d) "Fair Market Value" refers to the amount a willing and reasonable buyer would pay
11 
for goods in a competitive marketplace;
12 
e) "Front Inventory Loading" refers to purchase of more products than what can
13 
reasonably be used or sold to retail customers in a month;
14 
f) "Headhunting Fee" refers to amount paid to the direct sponsor of each successful
15 
recruit to a network marketing company;
16 
g) "Investment" refers to any acquisition, for consideration other than personal
17 
services, of property, tangible or intangible, and includes without limitation,
18 
franchises, business opportunities and services, and any other means, medium,
19 
form or channel for the transfer of funds, whether or not related to production or
20 
distribution of goods or services;
21 
h) "Joining, Registration, or Entry Fee" refers to a required amount to be paid by a
22 
person to become a member of an independent sales force of a multi-level
23 
marketing company, regardless of whether such person receives products or not;
24 
i) "Match or pair recruits" refers to pairing of recruits on the left and right legs of a
25 
binary tree to quality for a commission;
26 
j) "MLM Company's Plan" refers to a company's Compensation Plan outlining earning
27 
opportunities available to members;
28 
k) "Multi-level Marketing" (MLM)" or "Network Marketing" refers to a legitimate sales
29 
device whereby any person, firm, corporation, association or other business entity,
30 
who sells, distributes, manufactures or supplies, for valuable consideration, goods
31 
or services through independent agents, contractors or distributors, at different
32 
rank levels, wherein such participants may recruit other participants without
33 
requiring payment charges, fees, or contributions, as a pre-requisite for
34 
acceptance, and wherein commissions, bonuses, refunds, discounts, dividends or
35 
other considerations in the program are or may be paid as a result of the sale of
36 
such goods or services by the independent agents, contractors or distributors or


1 
other people they bring into the business. Multi-level Marketing shall also refer to
2 
a form of Direct Selling whereby goods or services are sold on a person-to-person
3 
basis;
4 
I) "Multiple registration fees'" refers to an amount paid for the acquisition of multiple
5 
slots or positions;
6 
m) "Multiple slots or positions" refers to enrollment of the same person in several
7 
positions in the same binary and enrollment trees;
8 
n) "Participants" refers to members of an independent sales force of the network
9 
marketing company;
10 
o) "Pyramid Scheme" or "Chain Distribution Plan" refers to a sales device whereby a
11 
person, upon condition that such person makes an investment, is granted by a
12 
business entity, distributor, supplier, manufacturer or a representative, a right to
13 
recruit for profit one or more additional persons who will also be granted such
14 
right to recruit upon condition of making similar investments: Provided,. That the
15 
profits of a person employing such a plan are derived primarily from the
16 
recruitment and investment of other persons into the plan rather than from the
17 
sale of consumer products, services, and credit; Provided further. That a limitation
18 
as to the number of persons who may participate or the presence of additional
19 
conditions affecting the eligibility for the right to recruit or receive profits
20 
therefrom, does not change the nature of the plan;
21 
p) "Recruitment Bonus" refers to bonus or commission paid for each successful
22 
personal recruit made; and
23 
q) "Sponsorship" refers to direct recruitment of members to join a network marketing
24 
company.
25 
SEC. 4. Prohibiting Pyramid Sales Schemes. - No person, natural or juridical,
26 
shall establish, operate, advertise or promote pyramid sales schemes or chain distribution
27 
plans in its business operations.
28 
SEC. 5. Other forms of Pyramid Sales Schemes. - Without limiting the
29 
coverage of pyramid schemes as defined in Section 3(a) of this Act, companies, sales or
30 
marketing plans or schemes shall be considered Pyramid Schemes or Chain Distribution
31 
Plans If:
32 
A) A promoter persuades recruits to purchase products, services, credit, title or rank
33 
whereby such recruits receive income primarily from the mere introduction,
34 
recruitment or sponsorship of other participants into a pyramid scheme or chain
35 
distribution plan rather than from marketing and sale of products; or


1 
B) The profits of a person are derived primarily from recruitment of other persons
2 
into a pyramid scheme or chain distribution plan rather than from sale of consumer
3 
products, services and credit. Such plan or scheme shall include but not be limited
4 
to one or more of the following attributes:
5 
a) Revenue or income is derived mainly from the entry fees of the participants
6 
of such companies;
7 
b) Participants must sponsor a fixed number of other participants in order to
8 
earn, each of whom must in turn sponsor a fixed number of participants,
9 
as in a pyramid scheme compensating participants by balancing number of
10 
recruits rather than number of sales volumes;
11 
c) Income of participant is dependent primarily upon a slot or position within
12 
the company as determined by the time, date and order of participation;
13 
d) Participants are not allowed to return marketable and unused products for
14 
refund within a period of six (6) months from the time of purchase;
15 
e) There is no fair market value for the goods received;
16 
f) Participants are allowed to purchase multiple slots or positions by paying
17 
multiple registration fees;
18 
g) MLM company operates without valid licenses, permits or authorizations
19 
from concerned national government agencies or local government units;
20 
and
21 
h) MLM company fails to submit its marketing plan to DTI.
22 
SEC. 6. Monitoring and Regulation of MLM companies. -
23 
A) Corporations or partnerships using multi-level marketing or networking in carrying
24 
out the purposes of their business shall disclose such information in their Articles
25 
of Incorporation or Partnership. Sole proprietorships shall likewise disclose in their
26 
registration with DTI if they use multi-level marketing or networking in the conduct
27 
of their business. Failure to comply herewith shall be a ground for the cancellation
28 
of SEC or DTI registration.
29 
B) Registered multi-level marketing companies shall register and file their MLM plans
30 
with the DTI within sixty (60) days prior to start of business operations: Provided,
31 
That all existing companies engaged in multi-level marketing or networking shall
32 
submit their MLM plans with the DTI within ninety (90) days from the effectivity
33 
of this Act; Provided further, That in case there are revisions, amendments or
34 
modifications in the MLM plans, companies shall submit a report to DTI within
35 
sixty(60) days prior to the implementation thereof; Provided finaiiy, That failure to


1 
comply herewith shall be a ground for cancellation of registration with the DTI and
2 
the SEC.
3 
C) The DTI shall monitor and regulate multi-level marketing plans and set indicators
4 
and parameters in order to determine whether there is prima facie evidence that
5 
a company is engaged in pyramid schemes or chain distribution plans, such as but
6 
not limited to the following:
7 
a. Prohibitive entry requirements or head hunting fees and/or joining fees.
8 
The entire joining fee that is paid to participate In a plan is considered as
9 
entry orregistration fee, notwithstanding the inclusion of products as part
10 
of the registration fee;
11 
b. Undisclosed drawback policy;
12 
c. Front inventory loading;
13 
d. Profits of a company or independent sales force primarily derived from
14 
recruitment;
15 
e. Unjust claims of unusually large returns on investments;
16 
f. Absence of real market for a product;
17 
g. Payment of recruitment bonus such as in a scheme compensating
18 
independent distributors who are able to "match/pair" recruits;
19 
h. Absence, undisclosed or unreasonable product return policy;
20 
i. Sale of multiple slots or positions 
through the payment of multiple
21 
registration fees by one independent distributor; and
22 
j. Such other activities which the DTI may deem pyramid schemes or chain
23 
distribution plans.
24 
SEC. 7. DTI's Jurisdiction Over Prosecution. - The DTI shall have original
25 
jurisdiction over complaints on pyramid sales schemes and shall conduct investigations
26 
on companies engaging in, any, some or all of the foregoing prohibited practices that
27 
may come to its knowledge, with or without a formal complaint filed.
28 
The jurisdiction of DTI on complaints about pyramid activities, however, shall not
29 
exclude other government institutions of jurisdiction granted to them by existing laws on
30 
matters related to pyramid activities.
31 
SEC. 8. Creation of a Taskforce. - There shall be created a Task Force to be
32 
spearhead and organized by the DTI to identify emerging pyramid schemes or chain
33 
distribution plans and formulate rules and regulations to facilitate the investigation and
34 
prosecution of companies employing pyramiding sales schemes and chain distribution
35 
plans. The DTI may designate private sector representatives as members of the Task
36 
Force.


1 
SEC. 9. Cease and Desist Order, - Pending investigation of a company
2 
suspected of employing a pyramiding scheme or chain distribution plan, a cease and
3 
desist order shall be issued against the company from continuing its business operations.
4 
SEC. 10. Penalties. -
5 
A) Any person, natural or juridical, engaged in pyramiding schemes or chain
6 
distribution plans shall, upon conviction, be imposed with a penalty of
7 
imprisonment of twelve (12) years to twenty (20) years and/or a fine of not less
8 
than One Million Pesos (P1,000,000.00) but not more than Five Million Pesos
9 
(P5,000,000.00): Provided, That in case the violation is committed by a
10 
corporation, association or partnership, the penalty of imprisonment shall be
11 
imposed on the members of the board, partners, officers and individuals personally
12 
responsible, notwithstanding other remedies available to the victims and other
13 
penalties imposed by existing laws; Provided further, That such violation shall be
14 
non-bailable offenses;
15 
B) All business licenses, permits and authorizations issued by government agencies
16 
shall be revoked;
17 
C) All persons found guilty for pyramiding shall be ordered to return any and all
18 
considerations given by the victims, with interest computed from the time
19 
payments were made. The victims shall be deemed preferred creditors as provided
20 
for in the New Civil Code of the Philippines.
21 
SEC. 11. Prescription Period. - All claims or actions against pyramiding
22 
schemes shall prescribe within five (5) years from the time the pyramiding acts
23 
and practices have been employed or upon discovery thereof.
24 
SEC. 12. Appropriations. - The amount of Twenty Million Pesos
25 
(P20,000,000,00) as additional funding for DTI to be charged against the unexpended
26 
Contingency Fund of the Office of the President is hereby appropriated for the initial
27 
implementation of this Act. Thereafter, the amount needed for the implementation of this
28 
Act shall be included In the annual General Appropriations Act.
29 
SEC. 13. Implementing Rules and Reguiations. - The Department of Trade
30 
and Industry shall, in consultation with concerned government agencies, issue the
31 
Implementing Rules and Regulations within ninety (90) days from the effectivity of this
32 
Act.
33 
SEC. 14. Separability Clause, - If any provision of this Act is subsequently
34 
declared unconstitutional, the validity of the remaining provisions hereof shall remain In
35 
full force and effect.


1 
SEC. 15. Repealing Clause. - All laws, decrees, orders, and issuances, or
2 
portions thereof, which are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, are hereby
3 
repealed, amended or modified accordingly.
4 
SEC. 16. Effectivity Clause- This Act shall take effect immediately after its
5 
complete publication either in the Official Gazette or in a newspaper of general circulation
6 
in the Philippines.
Approved,