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Republic of the Philippines
House of Representatives -
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Quezon City, Metro Manila Seog”
Nineteenth Congress
First Regular Session

HOUSE BILL No, 3402

Introduced by Representatives Lorenz R. Defensor

EXPLANATORY NOTE
Section 3, Article XIV of the 1987 Constitution provides

“(1) All educational institutions shall include the study of the
Constitution as part of the curricula.

(2) They shall inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster
love for humanity, respect for human rights, appreciation of the
role of national heroes in the historical development of the country,
teach the rights and duties of citizenship, strengthen ethical and
spiritual values, develop moral character and personal discipline,
encourage critical and creative thinking, broaden scientific and
technological knowledge and promote vocational efficiency.

The 1987 Constitution itself provides for the inclusion of the study of the
Constitution in the curriculum of all educational institutions. However, despite
this mandate, the teaching of the Constitution has not been effectively carried
out.

Republic Act (RA) No. 10533, otherwise known as the “Enhanced Basic
Education Act of 2013,” was principally enacted to enable basic education
graduates to gain mastery of core competencies and skills. Unfortunately, the
study of the Constitution was not included in the basic education program

Subsequently, on June 28, 2013, the Commission on Higher Education
(CHED) issued Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 20, Series of 2013, entitled


“General Education Curriculum Holistic Understandings, Intellectual and
Civic Competencies,” which sets the minimum standards for the General
Education component of all degree programs.

Several petitions were filed before the Supreme Court questioning the
validity of the Enhanced Basic Education Program, popularly known as the K
to 12 Program, and CMO 20. On March 5, 2019, the Supreme Court En Banc
has affirmed with finality its October 9, 2018 ruling, upholding the
constitutionality of the K to 12 Program and CMO 20. The Supreme Court
pointed out that CMO 20 only provides for the minimum standards for the
general education component of all degree programs and does not limit the
academic freedom of universities and colleges to require additional courses in
Filipino, Panitikan and the Constitution in their respective curricula. Thus,
CMO 20 does not violate the Constitution but merely eliminates the possible
duplication of subjects of primary, secondary and tertiary education. The
Supreme Court also held that the constitutional provisions on the inclusion of
these subjects in the curricula are non-self-executing provisions but are only
policies that may be used by the judiciary as aids or as guides in the exercise of
its power of judicial review, and by the legislature in its enactment of laws.

To ensure that Section 3(1), Article XIV of the Constitution is
implemented, this bill seeks to include the study of the Constitution as a subject
in the curriculum of the K to 12 Program, giving emphasis on the following
objectives:

a) Inculcate among the senior high school students the sense of
nationalism and patriotism as embodied in the fundamental
principles and state policies;

b) Develop the understanding on the fundamental principles of freedom
and liberty as enshrined under the Bill of Rights, particularly that no
person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due
process of law, that the freedom of speech, of expression and to
peaceably assemble shall not be abridged and that the right of the
people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects
against unreasonable searches and seizures shall be inviolable;

c) Promote social justice and the values of honesty and accountability
in the government, the public office being a public trust; and

d) Uphold the ideals and aspirations of the Filipino people by protecting
the patrimony and territory and respecting the rule of law.

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The importance of the study of the Constitution cannot be
overemphasized. The Constitution, being the fundamental source of powers,
rights and obligations of the citizens and the government, must be inculcated in
the minds of the youth to enable them to become citizens with social
conscience and political maturity, proud of their country, culture and people
Knowledge of the Constitution will prepare the youth to become effective and
responsible citizens.

In view of the foregoing, the passage of this bill is earnestly sought.

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LORENZ Rj DEFENSOR

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Republic of the Philippines
House of Representatives
Quezon City, Metro Manila

Nineteenth Congress
First Regular Session

HOUSE BILL No, 3402

Introduced by Representative Lorenz R. Defensor

AN ACT
PROVIDING FOR THE INCLUSION OF THE STUDY OF THE
CONSTITUTION AS A SUBJECT IN THE CURRICULUM OF SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS UNDER THE ENHANCED BASIC
EDUCATION (K TO 12) PROGRAM

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in
Congress assembled:

SECTION 1. The Department of Education (DepEd) is hereby mandated
to include the study of the Constitution as a subject in the curriculum of the
Enhanced Basic Education (K to 12) Program, particularly the senior high
school students.

SEC. 2. In the inclusion of the study of the Constitution in the K to 12
Program, the Secretary of Education shall adhere to the following objectives:

a) Inculcate among the senior high school students the sense of
nationalism and patriotism as embodied in the fundamental principles and state

policies;



b) Develop the understanding on the fundamental principles of
freedom and liberty as enshrined under the Bill of Rights;

c) Promote social justice and the values of honesty and accountability
in the government, the public office being a public trust; and

d) Uphold the ideals and aspirations of the Filipino people by
protecting the patrimony and territory and respecting the rule of law.

SEC. 3. Within sixty (60) days from the approval of this Act, the Secretary
of Education shall, in consultation with the Commission on Higher Education,
promulgate the necessary rules and regulations implementing the provisions of
this Act and prepare all the materials for teaching the subject.

SEC. 4. All laws, decrees, orders, or rules and regulations which are
inconsistent or contrary to the provisions of this Act are hereby amended or
repealed accordingly.

SEC. 5. This Act shall take effect fifteen days (15) days afer publication
in the Official Gazette or in a newspaper of general circulation.

Approved,