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SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE ) 
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES 
)
First Regular Session 
)
SENATE
S. B. No. 1293
‘17 
JAN 11
Introduced by Senator JUAN MIGUEL F. ZUBIRI
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR
THE MAGNA CARTA OF PUBLIC ENERGY WORKERS 
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Energy, as a basic commodity, continuously evolves with the pace of economic 
development in the world. In the Philippine setting, energy is an essential element for 
attainment of ensuring a sustained national development and progress.
However, there are a lot of issues confronting the Philippine energy sector. To 
cite a few are lack of attractive compensation and benefits package, and well- 
pronounced and adequately funded programs directed towards human resources 
development in energy sector. These are the paramount reasons for the turn-over of 
our talented and promising assets, from the government sector to the private 
companies.
Another challenge in our energy sector is a dearth number of higher education 
institutions offering energy-related degree programs and trainings that contributed to the 
limited graduates who can be tapped as managers, technical experts, technicians, and 
regulators. 
Only few of our high school graduates consider energy-related degree 
programs as their course due to high cost and limited availability of scholarship support 
from the National Government.
The current initiatives of the Department of Energy (DOE) should further be 
enhanced in our desire to promote and sustain an energy culture that the Philippines 
should possess as an emerging tiger economy in Asia. 
Our countrymen should 
embrace the need for exploring and developing the energy potentials in every part of 
the archipelago of which most remain idle due to the absence of research and 
development that would generate information for the investors’ technical guidance.
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We are living witnesses that Energy Workers are among the first to respond 
before and after the occurrence of disasters despite immeasurable risks to their lives 
and loved ones. In addition, during operational glitches and violations of energy-related 
companies, our Energy Workers are exposed to hazardous elements and hostile 
environment in the performance of their avowed duties and services to the Filipino 
people.
It is recognized that energy-related activities and projects had contributed 
substantial amount to the coffers of the National Government. With this, it is but just 
and proper that our Energy Workers partake the fruits from these successful 
undertakings in recognition to their diligence and commitment in the processing, 
evaluation, monitoring, and regulation of applications and awarded contracts, including 
the mandatory financial audits thereof.
However, despite the immense contributions of the energy sector in improving 
the quality of lives and economic activities of the Filipino people, little effort has been 
exerted to address the plight of our Energy Workers not to mention the exodus or brain- 
drain of competent and hardworking personnel of government agencies who are 
responsible for energy exploration, development, generation, transmission, distribution, 
utilization, commercialization and regulation of electricity to all sectors, especially, the 
less privileged and improving members of the society.
We need a reservoir of talent and manpower that will sustain our drive for 
accessible, affordable, and sustainable electricity in various parts and sectors of the 
society. This noble bill is expected to ensure a reservoir of talent who are adequately 
provided with compensation and benefits at par with the private sector, a well- 
pronounced, defined, and sufficiently funded scholarship programs and other measures 
that shall address the issues confronting the human resources of the energy sector in 
the Philippines.
Moreover, there has been unprecedented increase of awarded service and 
operating contracts as a result of the policy redirections by the current leadership of the 
DOE. This bill would not only complement the necessity of enhancing the regulatory 
capacity of the DOE but also that of the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC). Thus, 
full compliance with financial obligations of the stakeholders is assured to augment the 
collection of taxes, government shares, and other charges that shall contribute in 
attaining financial stability of the government.
Finally, this bill seeks to enhance the regulatory powers and functions of the DOE 
and the ERC by establishing an Energy Training Institute (ETI) to cater the professional, 
technical, administrative, administrative, managerial, and executive enhancement and 
training needs of the Energy Workers and interested individuals in the energy sector.
Therefore, the passage of this bill is strongly recommended.
MIGUEL F. ZUBIRI
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(flffitp of lij? £'ffrrtarj»
<<cr:!S
SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE ) 
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES 
)
First Regular Session 
)
■'7 j« n i
WCEA/EBRY:
’3 59
SENATE
S. B. No. 1293
Introduced by Senator JUAN MIGUEL F. ZUBIRI
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR
THE MAGNA CARTA OF PUBLIC ENERGY WORKERS
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in 
Congress assembled:
Section 1. Title. -  This Act shall be known as the “Magna Carta of Public Energy 
Workers".
Section 2. Declaration of the Policy. -  The State recognizes energy as an essential 
element for the attainment of sustained national development and progress. To attain 
this objective, it is hereby declared the policy of the State to provide for a program of 
human resources development in the energy sector to achieve and maintain the 
necessary reservoir of skills and manpower that will sustain the drive for accessible, 
affordable, and sustainable electricity in various sectors of the society.
The State shall establish, promote, and support programs leading to the realization of 
this objective that will improve the quality of energy education, popularization, and 
sustainability of energy culture.
This Act aims to:
(a) promote and improve the social and economic well-being of the energy 
workers, their living and working conditions, and terms of employment; and
(b) develop their skills and capabilities in order that they will be more responsive 
and better equipped to deliver energy projects and programs; and
(c) encourage those with proper qualifications and excellent abilities to join and 
remain in government service.1
Section 3. Definition of Terms. -  For purposes of this Act, the following terms, 
whether in singular or plural, are hereby defined:
(a) “Attached Agencies" shall collectively refer to the National Electrification 
Administration (NEA), the National Power Corporation (NPC), the National 1
1 Section 2, Republic Act No. 7305, otherwise known as the Magna Carta of Public Health Workers
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Transmission Corporation (TRANSCO), the Philippine National Oil Company 
(PNOC), and the Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management 
Corporation (PSALM);
(b) “Com/77/ss/on" shall refer to the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC);
(c) “Department" shall refer to the Department of Energy (DOE);
(d) “Energy Activities and Projects" shall refer to all systematic activities and 
projects which are closely related with the energy exploration development, 
distribution, generation, transmission, supply, regulation, utilization, and 
commercialization of energy resources including the dissemination and 
application of scientific and technical knowledge in all fields of energy such 
as, but not limited to coal mining, oil and petroleum, renewable energy, gas, 
alternative energy resources and technologies, bio-energy, electrification, and 
all undertaking that are necessary for the proper, effective, and efficient 
implementation of the Philippine Energy Plan (PEP) formulated by the 
Department and duly approved by the President of the Philippines; and
(e) “Energy Workers" shall refer to all officials and personnel of the Department, 
the Attached Agencies, and the Commission who are directly responsible in 
the planning, formulation processing, execution, regulation, and monitoring 
and evaluation of energy programs, activities, and projects, as defined in their 
respective Charters.
Section 4. Energy Career System. -  A career system for Energy Workers shall be 
formulated by the Department in coordination with the Civil Service Commission (CSC) 
and the Department of Budget and Management (DBM).
Such career system shall include provisions on merit promotion, performance 
evaluation, in service training grants, job rotation, suggestions, and incentive award 
system. The performance evaluation plan shall consider foremost the improvement of 
individual employee efficiency and organizational effectiveness; Provided, that each 
employee shall be informed regularly by his/her supervisor of his/her performance 
evaluation. The merit promotion plan shall be in consonance with the rules of the Civil 
Service Commission.2
Section 5. 
Recruitment and Qualification. 
-  
Recruitment policy and minimum 
requirements with respect to the selection and appointment of an Energy Worker shall 
be developed and implemented by the appropriate government agencies concerned in 
accordance with existing policies and standards of the CSC; Provided, that in the 
absence of appropriate eligible candidates and it becomes necessary in the public 
interest to fill a vacancy, a temporary appointment shall be issued to the person who 
meets all the requirements for the position to which he/she is being appointed except 
the appropriate civil service eligibility; Provided further, that such temporary 
appointment shall not exceed twelve (12) months nor be less than three (3) months 
renewal thereafter but that the appointee may be replaced sooner if: (a) a qualified civil 
service eligible becomes available; or (b) the appointee is found wanting in performance 
or conduct befitting a government employee.3
Section 6. Salaries. -  The existing law on salary scales of government employees 
shall not apply in determining the salary scale of Energy Workers as defined in Section * 1
Section 5, Ibid.
1 Section 4, Ibid.
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3 of this Act. A new salary scale shall be developed by the Department in consultation 
with the DBM and the CSC, subject to the approval of the President of the Philippines.
Section 7. Other Benefits. -  Notwithstanding Section 12 of Republic Act No. 67 584, 
Energy Workers defined under Section 3 of this Act shall receive the following:
(a) Honorarium. 
-  
Energy Workers who rendered services beyond the 
established regular workload of managers or executives, mining and 
petroleum 
engineers, 
geologists, 
engineers, 
scientists, 
researchers, 
inspectors, and technicians whose broad and superior knowledge, expertise 
or professional standing in a specific field contributes to productivity and 
innovativeness shall be entitled to receive honorarium subject to rules to be 
set by the Department;
(b) Hazard Allowance. -  Energy Workers involved in hazardous undertakings 
or assigned in hazardous workplaces to conduct periodic inspection, 
regulation, and evaluation and monitoring of energy related projects and 
activities shall be paid hazard allowances ranging from ten percent (%) to 
thirty percent (30%) percent of their monthly basic salary depending on the 
nature and extent of the hazard involved. The following shall be considered 
hazardous workplaces:
i. Radiation-exposed laboratories and service workshops;
ii. Remote/depressed areas;
iii. Areas declared under a state of calamity or emergency;
iv. Strife-torn or embattled areas;
V. Laboratories and other disease-infested areas;
vi. Electrical machine and mechanical rooms;
vii. Pressure vessels and other steam generating facilities; and
viii. Areas, establishments or energy and energy-related facilities where 
Energy Workers are directly or imminently exposed to hazardous 
vapors, products and toxic fumes (and substances) such as, gasoline 
stations, oil depots, terminals, auto-LPG dispensing stations, and gas 
refilling plants;
(c) Compulsory Travel Insurance. -  All Energy Workers who are required to 
travel by nature of their work shall be insured by their respective agencies 
equivalent to the travel insurance offered by the common carriers for every 
travel undertaken;
(d) Compensation of Injuries. -  Energy Workers shall be protected against the 
consequences of employment injuries in accordance with existing laws.
4 Section 12 of the Compensation and Position Classification Act of 1989 states, that:
“Section 12. C onsolidation o f Aitowances and Compensation. 
-  
All allowances, except for 
representation and transportation allowances; clothing and laundry allowances; subsistence allowance 
of marine officers and crew on board government vessels and hospital personnel; hazard pay; 
allowances of foreign service personnel stationed abroad; and such other additional compensation not 
otherwise specified herein as may be determined by the DBM, shall be deemed included in the 
standardized salary rates herein prescribed. Such other additional compensation, whether in cash or in 
kind, being received by incumbents only as of July 1, 1989 not integrated into the standardized salary 
rates shall continue to be authorized.
Existing additional compensation of any national government official or employee paid from local funds of 
a local government unit shall be absorbed into the basic salary of said official or employee and shall be 
paid by the National Government."
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Injuries incurred 
connected5;
while doing overtime work shall be presumed work-
(e) Subsistence Allowance. 
-  
Energy Workers shall be entitled to full 
subsistence allowance equivalent to three (3) meals a day, which may be 
computed and implemented in accordance with the criteria to be provided in 
the Implementing Rules and Regulations. Those assigned out of their regular 
work stations shall be entitled to per diem in lieu of Subsistence Allowance;
(f) Laundry Allowance. 
-  
Energy Workers who are required to wear a 
prescribed uniform during office hours shall be entitled to a laundry allowance 
of not less than One Hundred Fifty Pesos (PhP150.00) a month;
(g) Housing and Quarter Allowance. -  Energy Workers who are on duty in 
laboratories, 
energy 
research 
and 
development centers, 
and 
other 
government facilities shall be entitled to free living quarters within the 
government facility where they are stationed; Provided, that the Energy 
Workers have their residence outside of the fifty (50)-kilometer radius from 
such government facility;
(h)
(i)
Longevity Pay. -  A monthly longevity pay equivalent to five percent (5%) of 
the monthly basic salary shall be paid to Energy Workers for every five (5) 
years of continuous and meritorious service as determined by their respective 
Heads of agencies;
Medical Examination. -  During the tenure of their employment, all Energy 
Workers shall be given compulsory free medical examination once a year and 
immunization, as the case may warrant. 
The medical examination shall 
include:
Complete physical examination;
Routine laboratory, chest x-ray and ECG;
Psychometric examination;
Dental examination; and
Other examination as may be prescribed a government physician; and
II
iv
V
0) Collective Negotiation Agreement (CNA). -  Energy Workers shall be given 
the right to enter into CNAs with their respective agencies, including the grant 
of additional benefits not expressly enumerated in this Act and subject to 
existing limitations as may be imposed by the CSC and the DBM; Provided. 
that for employees of government-owned and controlled corporations and 
financial institutions, their CNA may only be granted upon showing of the 
agency’s fiscal and financial viability.
Section 8. 
Scholarships and Grants. -  Energy Workers pursuing undergraduate, 
graduate, post-graduate or training courses shall be entitled to avail of scholarship 
benefits and grants in accordance with the Scholarship Programs to be implemented by 
the Department. Grantees of the program may study within the Philippines or abroad; 
Provided, that the Department shall provide strict measures to ensure their return to the 
Philippines and render the corresponding service obligation.
Recipients of scholarships and grants shall, after graduation, be required to 
render service in the government for the equivalent number of years that they availed of 
their scholarships.
' Section 28, RA 7305
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Scholarship privileges may be on a full-time or part-time bases and shall include 
tuition fee, book allowance, transportation allowance, monthly stipend, dissertation 
grants, insurance, and the payment of regular salary and other benefits.
For this purpose, the Human Resource Development Council created under 
Republic Act No. 82486 shall formulate the rules and regulations to implement the 
Scholarship Program provided in this Act.
Section 9. Offering of Energy Related Degree Programs and Trainings in Higher 
Education Institutions. -  To further enhance the implementation of the policies under 
Section 2 of this Act, the offer of energy-related degree programs shall be mandatory to 
State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) with mandates and curricular offerings or 
programs provided in their respective Charters which include, among others, energy, 
geology, and science and technology. Other SUCs including private higher educatiori 
institutions shall also be encouraged to offer energy-related degree programs.
To fully implement this provision, SUCs offering energy related programs shall be 
entitled to automatic additional budget of not less than five (5%) percent of their 
respective annual appropriations to be used for the personnel services. Maintenance 
and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE), and capital outlay necessary to ensure 
sustainability of the energy-related degree programs in their respective institutions. 
Further, the Secretary of the Department or his/her authorized representative shall be a 
Member of the governing board of SUCs and private institutions offering energy-related 
programs to ensure that it shall be complementary and contributory to the PEP and 
thrusts of the National Government. 
The Secretary or his/her duly authorized 
representative shall be entitled to the rights and privileges of a regular member of the 
governing board pursuant to Republic Act No. 82927 and the Charters of SUCs or by­
laws and policies of the private higher education institutions concerned.
Section 10. Establishment, Management, and Operations of the Energy Training 
Institute (ETI). -  The Department shall establish, manage, and operate an ETI in any 
of its offices and Attached Agencies and/or in various locations, as the Board of 
Trustees may determine, to cater the professional, technical, administrative, and 
managerial and executive enhancements and training needs of the Energy Workers and 
interested individuals in the energy sector.
The ETI is mandated to offer short-term technical, scientific, vocational, 
supervisory, and managerial and executive courses and trainings in energy such as, but 
not limited to, coal mining, oil and petroleum, renewable energy, gas, alternative energy 
technologies, bio-energy, electrification, and other skills and competency enhancements 
as the Board may deem it proper.
A Board of Trustees of the ETI composed of the Department Secretary or his/her 
authorized representative not lower than an Assistant Secretary as Chairman and 
Presiding Officer, Secretary/ies or their respective representatives not lower than 
Assistant Secretaries or their equivalents of the Technical Education and Skills 
Development Authority (TESDA), Department of Science and Technology (DOST), 
Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Commission on Higher Education (CHED), and 
Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), the President of the Employees 
Association of the Department, and at least three (3) private sector representatives 
appointed by the President of the Philippines, as members.
An Act Further Strengthening the Science and Technology Program of the Government, Amending for 
the Purpose Republic Act no. 7687, Otherwise Known as the Science and Technology Scholarship Act 
of 1994
7 Higher Education Modernization Act of 1997
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The Board of Trustees shall serve as the highest policy-making body of the ETI 
and shall discharge the following powers and duties:
i. To promulgate and implement policies in accordance with the declared 
State policies, thrusts and priorities in the PEP;
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
To promulgate rules and regulations not contrary to law as may be 
necessary to carry out the purposes and functions of the ETI;
To receive and appropriate all sums as may be provided for the support 
of the ETI in the manner it may determine in its discretion, in order to 
carry out the purposes and functions of the said ETI;
To import economic, technical books and/or publications, equipment, 
and other technologies necessary in the delivery of training course and 
programs;
To receive in trust legacies, gifts, and donations of real and personal 
properties of all kinds and to administer and dispose of the same when 
necessary for the benefit of the ETI and subject to the limitations, 
directions and instructions of the donor, if any;
I
To fix fees and other necessary charges such as, but not limited to, 
matriculation fees, graduation fees and laboratory fees, as the Board of 
Trustees may deem proper to impose. Such fees and charges, including 
government subsidies and other income generated by the ETI, shall 
constitute special trust funds and shall be deposited in any authorized 
government depository bank, and all interests that shall accrue 
therefrom shall form part of the same funds for the use of the said ETI.
Any provision of existing laws, rules and regulations to the contrary 
notwithstanding, any income generated by the ETI from fees and other 
charges, shall be retained by the ETI, and may be disbursed by the 
Board of Trustees for instruction, maintenance, capital outlay, salaries, 
honorarium, and benefits of the Officials, Trainers, Fellows, and 
employees of the EMI;
vii. To authorize the construction or repair of its buildings, machinery, 
equipment and other facilities, and the purchase and acquisition of real 
property, including necessary supplies, materials, and equipment;
viii. To 
appoint 
and 
prescribe 
the 
duties 
and 
functions, 
upon 
recommendation of the Executive Director, Deputy Executive Directors, 
Program Managers, Trainers, Fellows and Employees of the ETI;
ix. 
To fix and adjust salaries and terms of office of the Executive Director, 
Deputy Executive Directors, Trainers, Fellows and administrative 
officials and employees, subject to the provision of this Act, and such 
other duties and conditions as it may deem proper, to grant them, at its 
discretion, leaves of absence under such regulations as it may 
promulgate, 
any 
provision 
of 
existing 
law 
to 
the 
contrary 
notwithstanding, and to remove them for cause in accordance with the 
requirements of due process of law;
X. To approve the curricula, instructional programs and rules of discipline 
drawn by the Executive Director;
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xi. To set policies on admission and completion of trainees and clients;
xii. To delegate any of its powers and duties provided for hereinabove to 
the Executive Director and/or other officials of the ETI as it may deem 
appropriate, in order to expedite the administration of the affairs of the 
ETI;
xiii. To collaborate or develop consortia and other economic forms of 
linkages 
with 
local 
government 
units 
(LGUs), 
energy 
contractors/operators, institutions and agencies, both public and private, 
local and foreign, in the furtherance of the purposes and objectives of 
the ETI; and
xiv. To set up the adoption of modern and innovative modes of transmitting 
knowledge such as the use of information technology, the dual learning 
system, open or distance education and community laboratory for the 
promotion of greater access to the trainings and services of the ETI.
The ETI shall be headed by an Executive Director and assisted by Deputy 
Executive Directors for Programs, Operations, and Research and Development and/or 
such other fields as the Board of Trustees may deem necessary.
The Executive Director shall render full-time service and shall be appointed by 
the Board of Trustees, subject to the guidelines, qualifications and standards set by it, 
upon recommendation of a duly constituted search committee. The Executive Director 
shall have a term of six (6) years and shall be eligible for reappointment for another 
term, subject to the qualifications and requirements to be promulgated by the Board of 
Trustees. The Board of Trustees shall have the power to designate Officer-in-Charge or 
officials in acting capacity in case of vacancy and/or pending the appointment of the 
regular officials concerned.
The Chair and Members of the Board shall not receive any salary but shall be 
entitled to reasonable honorarium and reimbursements for actual and necessary 
expenses incurred, either in their attendance to meetings of the Board or in connection 
with other official business authorized by resolution of the Board, subject to existing 
laws and regulations.
The Board of Trustees shall regularly convene once every three (3) months. 
Whenever necessary, the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees may call, upon three (3) 
days’ prior written notice, a maximum of two (2) special meetings within the same 
period. A quorum of the Board of Trustees shall consist of majority of all its members.
The importation of economic, technical and books or publications, equipment, 
apparatus and technologies, which is for economic, technical, vocational and scientific, 
purposes, made by the ETI upon certification by the Department, shall be exempt from 
customs duties in accordance with the provisions of the Tariff and Customs Code of the 
Philippines, as amended.
Donations in any form to the ETI shall be exempt from the donor’s tax and the 
same shall be considered as allowable deduction from the gross income in the 
computation of the income tax of the donor, in accordance with the provisions of the 
National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended.
Such amount necessary for the implementation of this provision shall be 
incorporated in the annual budget of the Department.
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Section 11. 
Provision Against Double Benefits. 
-  
Energy Workers already 
receiving the same benefits under any other law shall not be allowed to avail of the 
benefits under this Act unless they submit in writing their intention to withdraw the 
benefits already being received and opt for those provided hereunder.
Section 12. Highest Basic Salary Upon Retirement. -  Upon retirement, the Energy 
Worker concerned shall automatically be granted one (1) position higher than his/her 
current position and his/her retirement benefits shall be computed on the basis of the 
equivalent salary of the next higher position/rank.
Further, the Energy Worker concerned shall also be granted retirement gratuity 
based on the total length of service (converted into gratuity months) multiplied by the 
highest basic salary of the higher position/rank provided above in accordance with the 
provisions of Republic Act No. 16168; Provided, that the existing retirement benefits 
shall continually be applied should the same be higher or more advantageous to the 
said Energy Worker.
Section 13. Prohibition Against Diminution and/or Elimination. -  Nothing in this 
Act shall be construed to eliminate or in any way diminish the benefits being enjoyed by 
Energy Worker at the time of the effectivity of said Act.
Section 14. Hiring of Retired Energy Worker. -  An Energy Worker retired under 
any existing law, who, in the judgment of the Secretary of the Department, possesses 
managerial or technical qualifications and the capability to undertake energy related 
activities, may be rehired on contractual basis without refunding the unexpired portion of 
the gratuity and accumulated leave benefits received by him/her from the Government; 
Provided, that there is no available qualified expert or applicant to undertake said 
energy activities.
Section 15. 
Government Scholars and Training Grantees. 
-  
Graduates or 
grantees of government energy scholarship programs or trainings shall be given 
temporary waiver of CSC eligibilities for at least two (2) years and preferential access to 
financial grants from any government agency authorized to extend grants and loans 
with easy terms from government financing institutes, for energy projects which are 
viable and in line with the development thrust of the National Government.
Section 16. Funding. -  The amount necessary to fully implement this Act shall be 
provided in the General Appropriations Act (GAA) of the year following its enactment 
into law under the budgetary appropriations of the DOE and its Attached Agencies, and 
the Commission.
Section 17. Annual Report. -  The Secretary of the Department shall submit to both 
the Senate and House of Representatives Committees on Energy, an annual report of 
the status of implementation of this Act.
Section 18. Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR). -  The Secretary of the 
Department after consultation with the appropriate agencies of the National 
Government, shall formulate and prepare the necessary rules and regulations to 
implement the provisions of this Act. The IRR issued pursuant to this section shall take 
effect thirty (30) days after publication in the Official Gazette or at least in two (2) 
newspapers of general circulation.
An Act Further Amending Section 12 of Commonwealth Act No. 186, as Amended, by Prescribing Two 
Other Modes of Retirement and for Other Purposes
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Section 19. 
Separability Clause. -  
If any provision of this Act is subsequently 
declared invalid or unconstitutional, the other provisions which are not affected thereby 
shall remain in full force and effect.
Section 20. Repealing Clause. -  All laws, executive orders, presidential decrees, 
and their respective implementing rules and regulations, inconsistent with the provisions 
of this Act are hereby repealed, amended or modified accordingly.
Section 21. 
Effectivity. 
-  
This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its 
publication in the Official Gazette or at least in two (2) newspapers of general 
circulation.
Approved,
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