Republic of the Philippines
House of Representatives
Quezon City

SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS
Third Regular Session
8813

HOUSE BILL NO.

INTRODUCED BY REPRESENTATIVE ALFRED VARGAS.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

On February 19, 1977, President Ferdinand E, Marcos through Presidential
Declaration No. 1096, enacted the National Building Code to provide for all
buildings and structures a framework of minimum standards and requirements to
regulate and control their location, site, design quality of materials, construction,
use, occupancy, and maintenance in order to safeguard life, health, property, and
public welfare, consistent with the principles of sound environmental
management and control.

More than four decades later, this law which lists the standards for the
construction of buildings all over the Philippines is now considered by many
experts as archaic and obsolete. The law has become incompatible with the latest
global trends in the construction sector and falls short in addressing the risks
brought about by natural calamities. Thus, the pressing need to amend the law to
keep step with the current trends in the construction industry, and, more
importantly, to adjust its provisions in consideration of vital factors such as
population growth, modern urban planning and risk reduction and management.

In particular, mainstreaming risk reduction management in a new National
Building Code is imperative in light of the natural calamities that have beset our
country in recent years.

Super-typhoon Yolanda devastated the country in 2013, leaving in its wake
over 6,300 dead, 1,061 missing, 1,084,762 buildings damaged, and millions of
people displaced. Also in 2013, the Bohol earthquake, the deadliest earthquake in
the Philippines since the 1990 Luzon earthquake, left 222 dead, eight missing,
976 people injured, and more than 73,000 structures damaged.

The Philippines, as an archipelagic nation situated along both the typhoon
belt and the Ring of Fire, is among the countries with the greatest exposure to
natural disaster risk. Located on the edge of two tectonic plates, our country is
vulnerable to significant earthquake hazards. Moreover, in addition to seasonal
typhoons which visit the country, the occurrence of extreme weather events is
becoming more unpredictable as a consequence of climate change.


The integration of disaster risk reduction measures in a new National
Building Code will help reduce the risk of loss of life and property damage from
disasters.

Among the revisions in this proposed new National Building Code includes
streamlining the process of acquiring building permits, standardizing the
specifications of building materials, introducing new building categories,
mainstreaming risk reduction and management through an. institutionalized
system that provides periodic reviews and flexible mechanisms in the updating of
regulations and standards which will strengthen the participation of relevant
stakeholders.

In view of the foregoing, the immediate approval of this bill is earnestly
sought.

VARGAS


Republic of the Philippines
House of Representatives
Quezon City

SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS
‘Third Regular Session

8813
HOUSE BILL NO.

INTRODUCED BY REPRESENTATIVE ALFRED VARGAS

AN ACT

REGULATING THE PLANNING, DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OCCUPANCY, AND
MAINTENANCE OF BUILDINGS, ENACTING A NEW BUILDING ACT, REPEALING
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1096, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

CHAPTERI
GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 1. Short Title. This Act shall be known as the “Philippine Building Act of 2018.”

SECTION 2. Declaration of Principles and Policies. The State shall safeguard life, health,
Property, and public welfare, consistent with principles of sustainable development. Towards this
end, it shall be the policy of the State to provide for all buildings and structures, a framework of
minimum standards and requirements, mainstreaming disaster risk reduction and management, to
regulate and control their location, siting, planning, design, construction, occupancy, and
maintenance. In pursuit of these policies, the State shall institutionalize a system that will
Provide for periodic review and flexible mechanisms in the updating of regulations and standards
and will strengthen the participation of relevant stakeholders, taking into account the importance
of allowing for continuing innovation in building design and construction.


SECTION 3. Objectives of the Act. The objectives of this Act are as follows:

(a) Provide for the effective regulation of planning, design, construction, occupancy, and
maintenance of buildings and structures, the establishment of a permitting process based on
their classifications, and the setting of reference standards to:

(1) Safeguard life and protect people from injury;

(2) Ensure the health and well-being of the people who use them, without impinging on
the safety of the general public or endangering the environment;

(3) Protect property from physical damage; and

(4) Reduce and manage hazards, exposures, and vulnerabilities, thereby minimizing
disaster risk;

(6) Promote the accountability of relevant stakeholders in ensuring enforcement of and
compliance with this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards.

SECTION 4. Scope and Application. This Act shall cover all public and private buildings and
structures, and their location, siting, planning, design, materials, construction, use, occupancy,
maintenance, addition, alteration, conversion, rehabilitation, relocation, repair, retrofit, and
demolition.

SECTION 5. Interpretation. Nothing in this Act shall be interpreted to prevent local government
units, pursuant to local autonomy, from enacting local ordinances relating to building or structure
and their location, siting, and planning that will better safeguard life, health, property, and public
welfare, consistent with the objectives of this Act. Such local ordinances by local government
Units of contiguous jurisdictions shall be harmonized for purposes of buildings that may straddle
territories of local government units.

Before such local ordinance shall take effect, concurrence by the National Building
Official shall be required through the review process specified in the promulgated rules and
regulations.

Every such local ordinance shall be published in manners that are clear to all
stakeholders, through measures that include but are not limited to those provided in Section 69.


SECTION 6. Definition of Terms. As used in this Act:

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“Accredited Certifier* refers to a person possessing experience and other qualifications of
a Building Professional, and accredited by the Office of the National Building Official to
issue certificates to confirm that a building or structure that is more than 15 years of age
meets the requirements of Chapter VII of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards as to structural stability and fire safety construction;

“Accredited Inspector” refers to a person possessing experience and other qualifications of
a Building Professional, and accredited by the Office of the National Building Official
whose service is engaged by the Local Building Official to inspect buildings or structures
in accordance with this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards;

“Accredited Structural Peer Reviewer” refers to a person possessing experience and other
qualifications of a Building Professional, and accredited by the Office of the National
Building Official to provide independent verification that the structural design of a
Proposed or new building or structure complies with this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards;

“Accredited Testing Laboratory” refers to an establishment or institution accredited by the
Office of the National Building Official to perform tests to determine if the building
materials and components used in the construction of a building or structure comply with
Chapter VI of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards;

“Addition” refers to any construction which increases the height and/or floor area of an
existing building or structure;

“Alteration” refers to any construction in an existing building or structure involving
changes in the materials used, partitioning, location or size of openings, structural parts,
existing utilities, and/or equipment but does not increase the building height nor floor area;

“Ancillary Structure” refers to a structure intended to provide support to main buildings or
structures which may include: bank and records vaults; swimming pools; firewalls separate
from the building or structure; towers; silos; smokestacks; chimneys; commercial or
industrial fixed ovens; industrial kilns or furnaces; water or waste treatment tanks; septic
vaults; concrete and steel tanks; booths, kiosks, and stages; tombs, mausoleums, and
niches; and similar structures;


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“Build Back Better” refers to planning, based on the evolving or evolved disaster risks and
ahead of disasters, to finance, design, and build after a disaster or crisis with consideration
of the need to further strengthen disaster preparedness for response, take action in
anticipation of events, and ensure capacities are in place for effective response, recovery,
and reconstruction;

“Building” refers to any temporary or permanent structure, anchored to the ground, for the
support, shelter, or enclosure of persons, animals, machinery, or chattels;

“Building Contractor” refers to a person duly registered and licensed by the Philippine
Contractors Accreditation Board whose proposal has been accepted and to whom was
awarded the contract to execute the construction; for this purpose, “contract” means an
agreement, regardless of titles such as prime contract, subcontract, or deed of assignment;
“Building Owner” refers to a person who orders construction work for a building or
structure by contract; or a person undertaking one’s own construction without engaging a
Building Contractor therefor, as owner-builder; or a person holding the legal right of
Possession or title to a building or structure;

“Building Professional” refers to a person engaged in the design, construction, or
inspection of a building or structure, who is duly registered and licensed by the
Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) to provide such services;

“Building Site” refers to the lot, which is described by technical descriptions delineating
boundaries of the property to be developed, over which the Building Owner has a title or
egal right to build; for design purposes, the term shall also cover areas and spaces around
the lot, the conditions of which bear on the operability and safety of the building or
structure;

“Construction” refers to any and all on-site work including but not limited to preparation,
excavation, foundation, and assembly or installation of components, utilities, machinery,
and equipment of building or structure;

“Conversion” refers to a change in the use or occupancy of an existing building or structure
or any portion/s thereof to another occupancy group or subgroup that has different
requirements;

“Demolition” refers to the systematic dismantling, destruction, or removal of a building or
structure, in whole or in part;


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“Department” means the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH);

"Exposure" refers to people, property, systems, or other elements present in hazard zones
that are thereby subject to potential losses, or to the degree to which the elements at risk are
likely to experience hazard events of different magnitudes;

“Fire-Resistive Rating” refers to the degree to which a building material or type of
construction can withstand or contain fire as determined by generally recognized and
accepted testing methods;

“Hazard” refers to a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition that
may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood
and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage;

“Hazard Zone” refers to an area identified in generally recognized and accepted hazard
maps as exposed to natural hazards, such as floods, wind storms, storm surges, landslides,
volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes;

“Innovative Construction Technology” refers to a construction technology that is emerging
or being reintroduced locally or nationally in the field of construction, with corresponding
evidence of acceptable performance from laboratory tests, field tests, and/or analytical
studies to comply with Chapter V and Chapter VI of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards;

“Locational Clearance” refers to the document issued by the planning and development
officer of the local government unit certifying that the proposed construction is located in
an appropriate zone, and does not violate the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP), any
zoning ordinance or regulation of the concerned local government unit, nor other
applicable laws, ordinances or regulations, which document is submitted to the Local
Building Official in support of an application for a permit;

“Permit” refers to any of the permits that may be issued by the Local Building Official as
set forth in this Act;

“Reference Standards” refers to technical standards that the National Building Official
promulgates through rules and regulations in administering and enforcing this Act;
“Rehabilitation” refers to the act or process of making possible a compatible use for an
existing building or structure through repair and/or alteration while preserving those
Portions or features which convey its acknowledged heritage significance;


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“Relocation” refers to the transfer of an existing building or structure or portion/s thereof
from original location or position to another, either within the same site or to a different
one;

“Renovation” refers to any physical change made on an existing building or structure to
increase the value or improve the quality and/or aesthetics, without addition to building
height or floor area, nor alteration of structural parts;

“Repair” refers to remedial work done on any damaged or deteriorated portion/s of an
existing building or structure to restore its original condition;

“Retrofit” refers to the construction of any new element or system, or the alteration of any
element or system, required to bring an existing building or structure, or portion thereof,
into conformance with this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards;

“Secretary” refers to the Secretary of the Department of Public Works and Highways;
“Special Site” refers to a site that requires special rules and regulations to mitigate
potential adverse impacts of the site conditions;

“Structure” refers to that which is built or constructed, an edifice, or building of any kind,
or any piece of work artificially built up or composed of parts joined together in some
definite manner, but shall not include streets, highways, bridges and viaducts, railroads,
canals, river and shore improvements, dry docks, dams, irrigation, flood protection,
tunnels, transmission towers and lines, and structures regulated by other national laws or
competent national agencies;

“Traditional Indigenous Family Dwelling” refers to a residential building or structure
intended for the use and occupancy by the family of the owner only and constructed with
native or local materials such as nipa, cogon, bamboo, log, lumber, or stone, the estimated
total cost of which does not exceed the limit prescribed by the National Building Official
through rules and regulations;

"Vulnerability" refers to the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or
asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard; vulnerability may arise
from various physical, social, economic, and environmental factors such as poor design
and construction of buildings, inadequate protection of assets, lack of public information
and awareness, limited recognition of risks and preparedness measures, and disregard for
sound environmental management;and


(i) “Zoning” refers to the division of a city or municipality into zones or sub-zones and
overlay zones according to present and potential uses of land to maximize, regulate, and
direct their use and development in accordance with the Comprehensive Land Use Plan
(CLUP).

Additional definitions shall be included with the implementing rules and regulations and with the
reference standards, provided that these shall be non-redundant to, non-contradictory with, and
only supplementary to, the definitions as used in this Act.

CHAPTER IL
CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS

SECTION 7. Classification System. A system of classification of buildings and structures in the
Philippines as to: (a) type of construction according to fire resistivity; (b) use or occupancy; and
(©) required permitting process, is hereby adopted.

SECTION 8. Buildings Classified by Type of Construction According to Fire Resist
building or structure shall be classified according to fire resistivity and fire ratings consistent
with Republic Act No. 9514, or the Fire Code of the Philippines, and its Implementing Rules and
Regulations, in consideration of the combination of features of fire safety constructions including
but not limited to walls, barriers, doors, windows, vents, means of egress, and treatment of
building components with flame retardant chemicals.

SECTION 9. Buildings Classified According to Use or Occupancy. The building or structure
shall be identified based on the use or occupancy and shall be classified as follows:

Group A, Assembly occupancies shall include all buildings and structures, or Portions thereof,
used for gathering together of 50 or more persons for any purpose, including but not limited to
deliberation, worship, entertainment, eating, drinking, amusement, awaiting transportation, and
instruction;


Group B, Business occupancies are those used for the transaction of business other than that
covered under Group M, Mercantile, including the keeping of accounts and records and similar
purposes for office, professional, or service-type transactions;

Group D, Disaster response occupancies are those permanent centers for refuge and emergency
evacuation and emergency operation;

Group E, Educational occupancies shall include buildings, or portions thereof, used for the
gathering of group of six (6) or more persons for purposes of instruction;

Group F, Factory and Industrial occupancies are those used for operations including but not
limited to product processing, fabricating, manufacturing, assembling and disassembling,
mixing, packaging, finishing or decorating, repairing, and material recovery;

Group 1, Institutional occupancies are those used to house one or more persons under varied
degrees of restraint or security where such occupants are mostly incapable of self-preservation
because of security measures not under the occupants’ control (ID), or government buildings and
quarters rendering civic or public assistance and peace and order (IG), or those in which care or
supervision is provided to persons who are mostly incapable of self-preservation without
physical assistance because of age, or physical or mental disability (IH);

Group M, Mercantile occupancies are those used for the display and sale of merchandise, and

involves stocks of goods, wares, and merchandise incidental to such purposes and accessible to
the public;

Group R, Residential occupancies are those in which sleeping accommodations are provided for
normal residential or dwelling purposes and include all buildings designed to provide sleeping
accommodations, for example the subgroups of socialized (RS) and economic (RE) housing
covered by Batas PambansaBlg. 220;


Group S, Storage occupancies include all buildings or structures utilized primarily for the storage
or sheltering of goods, merchandise, products, vehicles, or animals;

Group U, Utilities and Miscellaneous occupancies are those with an ancillary character such as
those, but are not limited to, enumerated in Section 52 on Ancillary Permits, or those which
cannot be properly classified in any of the other occupancy groups in this Section, such as, but
not limited to billboards and commercial signboards; and

Group Z, High-Hazard occupancies mean those with storage and handling of flammable, highly
combustible, or other materials that would constitute a physical or health hazard, in quantities in
excess of those allowed by regulations.

‘The National Building Official may determine, through rules and regulations, subgroups within
Group A to Z. Any other use or occupancy not mentioned specifically under this Section, or
about which there is any question, shall, upon approval by the National Building Official, be
included in the group which it most nearly resembles based on the associated hazard or risk to
life, health, property, and public welfare.

In addition to permanent centers for refuge and evacuation as in Group D, any building,
Structure, or portion thereof may be designated as a temporary evacuation center provided it
complies with the specific rules and regulations promulgated by the National Building Official.

When a building or structure is of mixed occupancy or used for more than one occupancy, the
Whole building or structure shall be subject to the most restrictive requirement pertaining to any

of the occupancy groups found therein, except as otherwise provided in applicable rules and
regulations.

For each group or subgroup of use or occupancy, the National Building Official shall promulgate
specific rules and regulations and reference standards in accordance with this Act.


SECTION 10. Buildings Classified According to Required Permitting Process. Buildings and
structures shall be classified based on the required permitting process as follows:

(a) “Deemed-to-Satisfy Structures” or “Class P1 Structures” are buildings or structures
belonging to subgroup/s under Group R, Residential, either traditional indigenous family
dwellings regardless of number of floors, or individually constructed dwellings for up to
three (3) families, with maximum total gross floor area limit for each case as prescribed by
the National Building Official via rules and regulations; but shall exclude such structures
under any government-approved mass housing project developed by the government, non-
government organization, or private developer. These Class Pl or Deemed-to-Satisfy
Structures shall comply with Simplified Reference Standards as prescribed by the National
Building Official under a simplified permitting process;

(b) “Special Structures” or “Class P3 Structures” are buildings or structures that are

distinguished by special physical attributes in terms of size, span, or form, and/or by nature
of use or occupancy. These structures shall be any of the following:

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buildings and other structures exceeding 75 meters in height or a higher height
threshold as prescribed via rules and regulations by the National Building Official;
long span structures exceeding 30 meters in span or a longer span threshold as
prescribed via rules and regulations by the National Building Official;

buildings and other structures with two (2) or more floor levels, and exceeding
10,000 square meters of gross floor area in any single floor level;

buildings and other structures with gross floor area exceeding 40,000 square meters;
facilities belonging to Group D, Disaster response;

hospitals belonging to a subgroup under Group I, Institutional, that need to provide
higher than the minimum level of services in terms of functional capacity as
classified by competent national agency on healthcare facilities;

facilities belonging to Group Z, High-Hazard;

non-conventional structures or structures that have non-regular structural form and/or
innovative construction technology; and

10


(9) buildings and other structures using very advanced structural calculation method in
design.

Accordingly, the permitting process for these Class P3 or Special Structures shall require a
Peer review of the structural stability, except that for non-conventional structures or for buildings

using very advanced calculation, the peer review shall be conducted by a panel of three (3)
Accredited Structural Peer Reviewers.

‘The act of reviewing does not pass on the liability of the Building Professional for design to
the Accredited Structural Peer Reviewer on the structural integrity of the building, without
prejudice to administrative charges under applicable professional regulations; and

(©) “Regular Structures” or “Class P2 Structures” are buildings or structures that do not fall
under either one of the classifications of Deemed-to-Satisfy Structures and Special
Structures. Regular Structures shall require the regular permitting process.

SECTION 11. Buildings and Structures. For purposes of this Act, structures shall include
buildings, ancillary structures, and other structures as defined in this Act.

SECTION 12. Requirements for Each Type of Construction According to Fire Resistivity. The
National Building Official shall prescribe standards for each type of construction according to
fire resistivity as allowed under this Act correspondingly for each group or subgroup of use or
occupancy, and promulgate rules and regulations and reference standards therefor, in general
terms of structural system, exterior walls and openings, interior walls and enclosures, floors,
exits and stairs construction, and roofs, among other elements.

SECTION 13. Changes in Use or Occupancy and/or Type of Construction According to Fire
Resistivity. No change shall be made in the use or occupancy and/or type of construction
according to fire resistivity of any building or structure which would place the building or
structure in a different occupancy group or different type of construction, unless such building or
structure is made to comply with the requirements for the new occupancy group or type of

11


construction; provided that the change may be approved by the Local Building Official upon
determination that the new use or occupancy and/or type of construction poses less risk to life,
health, property, and public welfare, according to rules and regulations promulgated by the
National Building Official.

CHAPTER Il
LOCATION, SITING, AND ZONING REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 14. General Requirements for Location, Siting, and Zoning. The site upon which will
be constructed any building or structure shall be sanitary, hygienic, and accessible, and shall not
Pose high hazard for the intended use or occupancy, as determined by competent and appropriate
authorities and certified through a locational clearance and other clearance/s or certificate/s as
prescribed by applicable laws and regulations.

SECTION 15. Protection of the Site Environment. Any proposed construction, including its
location, siting, and use, shall take into account the environment and its conservation and
Protection. It shall not gravely affect the heritage and environmental significance of the site; and
shall not harm nor aggravate the state of the neighborhood, environment, and natural resources
surrounding it. No construction, its location, siting, and use shall be allowed without complying
with the applicable heritage, environmental, and natural resources laws and regulations, as
determined by competent and appropriate authorities and certified through a locational clearance
and other clearance/s or certificate/s as prescribed by applicablelaws and regulations.

SECTION 16. Protection of the Public. Any proposed construction shall not cause harm to the
general public nor infringe on public spaces.

SECTION 17. Requirements in Hazard Zones and Special Sites. The Building Owner and
Building Professional shall ensure that the proposed construction, its location, siting, and use,
will not increase the vulnerabilities of the people who will occupy the building and their
neighborhood on account of the hazard zone or special site. Within hazard zones as established
in the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and/or hazard maps published by the national

12


government, risk mitigation and adaptation requirements and/or measures shall be incorporated
in the rules and regulations and reference standards as promulgated by the National Building
Official.

SECTION 18. Resilience. Buildings and structures damaged structurally by a disaster or crisis
shall adhere to principles of building back better in post-disaster or post-crisis recovery and
reconstruction. The National Building Official shall cause to integrate disaster risk reduction and
management measures in the rules and regulations and reference standards for planning, design,
and reconstruction of buildings and structures.

The National Building Official shall promulgate specific rules and regulations and
reference standards for temporary post-disaster or post-crisis structures.

CHAPTER IV
DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 19. General Requirements for Design. The design of all buildings and structures shall
comply with the requirements prescribed by this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards, provided that there shall be different levels of standards and technical requirements for
socialized and economic housing structures as provided by Batas PambansaBilang 220.

Buildings and structures on or in special sites shall consider special design requirements and risk
mitigation measures called for by the specific site conditions.

SECTION 20. Stability. All buildings and structures shall be designed to be structurally stable
against anticipated combinations of loads and effects so as to safeguard people and property from
physical harm or damage.

Subject to the provisions of Articles 684 to 686 of Republic Act No. 386, or Civil Code of the
Philippines, on lateral and subjacent support, the design and quality of materials used structurally

13


in excavation, footings, and in foundations shall conform to prescribed reference standards and
accepted engineering practice.

SECTION 21. Protection from Fire. All buildings and structures shall be designed to safeguard
persons and properties from any harm or damage caused by fire in accordance with Republic Act
No. 9514, or the Fire Code of the Philippines, and its Implementing Rules and Regulations.

All fire safety constructions as defined by the Fire Code of the Philippines shall be designed in
accordance with specific rules and regulations and reference standards under this Act.

SECTION 22. Protection from Moisture and Surface Water. All buildings shall be designed to

provide adequate resistance to penetration by, and the accumulation of, moisture and surface
water.

SECTION 23. Protection from Other Hazards. All buildings and structures shall be designed to
safeguard persons and properties from other site-specific hazards.

SECTION 24. Safety of Users or Occupants. All buildings and structures shall be designed to
safeguard its users or occupants from harm, injury, or loss.

SECTION 25. Ingress, Circulation, and Egress. Safe access into, circulation within, and egress
from the buildings, including emergency exits, shall be provided for persons and vehicles.

SECTION 26. Energy and Energy Efficiency. The design of buildings and structures shall
include, wherein required, practices and technologies that maximize energy efficiency.

The National Building Official shall promulgate specific rules and regulations applicable to

buildings and structures exceeding a threshold total gross floor area, depending on the
classification of use or occupancy.

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SECTION 27. Services and Facilities. All building services and facilities, their equipment and
installations, shall be designed to be adequate, safe, and efficient, to promote the well-being of
the users or occupants and the general public. Constructability and ease of maintenance of the
services and facilities shall be highly considered in the design.

As required by the occupancy group, buildings and structures shall be designed to provide
services and facilities including but not limited to the following: light and ventilation; water
supply; drainage; wastewater disposal; solid waste management; pest and vermin control; power
and fuel supply; communication facilities; and conveyance and parking facilities.

CHAPTER V
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS,

SECTION 28. General Requirements for Construction. The construction of all buildings and

structures shall comply with the requirements prescribed by this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards.

Use of materials, pieces of equipment, plants, and tools, and selection of personnel shall conform
to reference standards on materials, methods, and practices, in order to ensure quality of material
and quality of workmanship. Builders shall promote quality of construction as one of the
essential links to the reduction of the vulnerability of the building or structure to hazards.

SECTION 29. Innovative Construction Technologies. All innovative construction technologies
used in building construction shall comply with any special tests or requirements as prescribed
by the National Building Official pursuant to the policies and objectives of this Act. These

technologies shall be installed by qualified personnel and supervised by technically competent
professionals.

SECTION 30. Safety and Protection During Construction. All buildings shall be constructed or
demolished without causing any harm or injury to the construction workers and the public.

15


SECTION 31. Protection of Property During Construction. All and any public or private
Property above or below the ground shall be protected from any damage by any work being done
under the permit. The protection shall be maintained while such work is being done and shall not
obstruct the normal functioning of any such property.

SECTION 32. Phased or Incremental Construction. All uncompleted portions of buildings
subject to phased or incremental construction shall be protected and shall not pose harm to the
public. Any additional or incremental work shall not compromise the safety and well-being of
the users or occupants.

SECTION 33. Construction Waste Management. All buildings shall be constructed with proper
management of construction waste.

CHAPTER VI
BUILDING MATERIALS

SECTION 34. General Requirements for Materials. All building materials and components

shall comply with the requirements prescribed by this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards.

The use of building materials and components must be safe for the health of users or occupants

and must not cause any substantive negative impact to the environment such as but not limited to
air, water, and soil.

SECTION 385. Selection of Materials. Building materials and components shall be selected
following a set of criteria including but not limited to strength, fire resistivity, moisture
resistance, durability, and sustainability, according to rules and regulations and reference
standards promulgated by the National Building Official.

CHAPTER VIL
OCCUPANCY, MAINTENANCE, AND ABATEMENT OF BUILDINGS

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SECTION 36. General Requirements for Occupancy, Maintenance, and Abatement. All
Building Owners shall use and maintain the building in accordance with the requirements
prescribed by this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards. The use and maintenance
of the building must be safe for the health of users, occupants, and the general public, and shall

not cause any substantive negative impact to the environment such as but not limited to air,
water, and soil.

SECTION 37. Maintenance, Inspection, and Assessment of Buildings and Reporting to the
ONBO. All buildings shall undergo regular maintenance and inspection in accordance with each
building’s maintenance strategy. There shall be rules and regulations to guide the preparation,
approval, and implementation of appropriate maintenance strategies for buildings and structures,
promulgated by the National Building Official. The Building Owner shall perform periodic
maintenance and inspection; the Local Buil

ing Officials and/or Accredited Inspectors shall
conduct inspection as appropriate according to rules and regulations. ‘The Office of the National
Building Official shall establish a system for monitoring, reporting, and evaluating maintenance
and inspection activities.

The Office of the National Building Official shall assist Building Owners of structures
falling within the classification Class P1 or Deemed-to-Satisfy Structures and Class P2 or
Regular Structures in conducting a simplified inspection of their buildings.

For buildings and structures with occupancies falling under Group A, Group D, Group E,
or Group Z, there shall be periodic inspections by Local Building Officials and/or Accredited

Inspectors subject to specific rules and regulations promulgated by the National Building
Official.

‘The Office of the National Building Official shall coordinate with relevant government
agencies that regulate business operations in buildings and structures. Structural stability
clearancefrom the Office of the Local Building Official shall be a prerequisite for the issuance or

17


renewal of business permits or permits to operate, for new occupancy or occupancy after 15
years from the date of completion of the building or structure.

Mandatory inspection and assessment by an Accredited Certifier as to structural stability
and fire safety construction shall be commissioned by the Building Owner at the 15" year from
date of completion of the building and every 15 years thereafter in the case of Class P3 or
Special Structures. In cases of addition, alteration, conversion, rehabilitation, relocation, repair,
and/or retrofit requiring more recent structural stability assessment and corresponding
certification and clearance, the date of reckoning of 15 years for purposes of this Section shall be
counted from the completion date of the latest building permit that involved the most recent
structural stability clearance under this Act. The National Building Official shall promulgate
ules and regulations and reference standards for mandatory inspection and assessment of
buildings as to structural stability and fire safety construction,specific to the various building
classifications, provided that Accredited Certifiers need not be engaged for Class P1 or Deemed-
to-Satisfy Structures and Class P2 or Regular Structures.

The National Building Official shall promulgate specific rules and regulations for
mandatory inspection and assessment of all buildings as to structural stability and fire safety
Construction after regional catastrophic events such as, but not limited to, widely destructive
earthquakes and typhoons. The determination of an event that is catastrophic as to warrant
mandatory assessment of all buildings in a geographic area shall be made by the National
Building Official in consultation and coordination with other government agencies,

The Office of the National Building Official through the Offices of Local Building
Official shall maintain a computerized national database of permits and other periodic data about

all buildings and structures, including but not limited to reports on maintenance, inspection,
and/or assessment.

SECTION 38. Special Provision for Buildings Completed More than 15 Years Prior to the
Effectivity of this Act. To ensure the safety of the people and to reduce risks, Class P3 or Special
Structures and buildings and structures with occupancies falling under Group A, Group D, and

18


Group E completed in 2003 or earlier, are mandated to have an assessment of the design based
on the requirements in Chapter IV of this Act as specified in rules and regulations, as to
structural stability and fire safety construction, and the Building Owners to submit the
certifications or findings of appropriate Building Professionals, serving as Accredited Certifiers,
to the concerned Local Building Officials regarding the state of such buildings and structures and
their safety and/or need for retrofit.

Within three (3) months from the effectivity of this Act, the Department through the Office of
the National Building Official, in consultation with relevant agencies and stakeholders, shall
implement a phased approach to prioritize compliance of Building Owners in hazard zones, such
as but not limited to those near earthquake fault lines or in coastal zones affected by sea level
rise, or in hazard zones or areas otherwise identified in hazard maps, or those used for assemblies
in large numbers and/or by vulnerable users or occupants.

The National Building Official, in coordination with other concerned agencies, shall
develop and administer incentive schemes, such as those allowed by the disaster risk reduction
and management funds, to support immediate voluntary retrofit by the Building Owners
requiring modifications for the safety of the users or occupants and/or the general public.

SECTION 39. Abatement of Dangerous and Ruinous Buildings. When any building ot structure
is found or declared to be dangerous or ruinous, the Local Building Official shall order its repair,
vacation, or demolition depending upon the degree of danger to life, health, property, and public
welfare, This is without prejudice to further action that may be taken under the provisions of
Articles 482 and 694 to 707 of the Civil Code of the Philippines and other existing laws.

For purposes of this Section, dangerous or ruinous buildings are buildings or structures
determined by the Local Building Official to be structurally unstable; or not provided with safe
egress; or which constitute a fire hazard; or are otherwise dangerous to human life; or which in
relation to existing use, constitute a hazard to health, safety, or public welfare because of
inadequate maintenance, dilapidation, obsolescence, or abandonment; or which otherwise
contribute to the pollution of the site or the community to an intolerable degree.

19


Abatement and/or rehabilitationof buildings and structures covered under Republic Act
No. 10066, or the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009, shall be coordinated with the National
Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) prior to any action of abatement.

CHAPTER VIII
ADMINISTRATION

SECTION 40. National Building Official (NBO); Powers, Obligations, and Functions. The
Secretary of the Department shall have the duty to ensure that all laws relating to building design
and construction are faithfully executed and is primarily charged with the administration and
enforcement of the provisions of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards,

The Secretary shall ensure harmonization of rules and regulations and reference standards

between government-funded and non-government funded buildings and structures, consistent
with the objectives of this Act.

As the National Building Official, the Secretary shall have the following general powers,
obligations, and functions:

(@) Issue and promulgate rules and regulations to implement the provisions of this Act, upon
Tecommendation of the Building Regulations and Standards Council, and ensure
compliance with policies, plans, standards, and guidelines formulated. The Building
Regulations and Standards Council shall be formed in accordance with the provisions of
this Act;

(b) Approve and/or take final action on changes and/or amendments to reference standards
based on recommendations of the Building Regulations and Standards Council. For this
Purpose, existing referral codes shall hereinafter be renamed and referred to accordingly as
“reference standards”;

20


(©) Appoint or designate Local Building Officials, in manner as provided for by this Act, and
exercise technical supervision and control over them as the National Building Official;

(d) Create the Office of Local Building Official in case of clustered municipalities, as set forth
in this Act, and exercise administrative as well as technical supervision and control;

(©) Appoint the Regional Building Appeals Boards, as provided for by this Act, and exercise
administrative supervision over them;

(f) Prescribe and fix the schedule of fees, appeal bonds, and other charges that the National
Building Official and Local Building Officials shall collect in the exercise of their
regulatory functions;

(g) Inspect at reasonable times any building or structure, covered by this Act, rules and
regulations, and reference standards, provided that in case of a single family dwelling, an
inspection must be upon the consent of the occupant or upon lawful order from the proper
court;

(h) _ Issue appropriate orders, including cease and desist order and demolition order, against any
Person or entity to prevent injury to the public and compel compliance with the provisions
of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards;

(i) Impose fines, penalties, and other administrative sanctions for failure or refusal to comply
with, or violation of any provision of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards, or any order, instruction, or ruling;

@ Enlist the aid and support of, and/or deputize any and all enforcement agencies of the
government in the implementation of his powers and functions under this Act, rules and
regulations, and reference standards; and

(k) Exercise such other powers and perform such functions as may be needed to carry out the
objectives of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards.

SECTION 41. Building Regulations and Standards Council (BRSC). A Building Regulations
and Standards Council is hereby created to assist the National Building Official in reviewing and

recommending rules and regulations and reference standards to accomplish the objectives of this
Act.

21


(@) Members. The Building Regulations and Standards Council shall be composed of the
following:

(a)
Q)

@)

@)

(5)

©

1o)

@)
0)

(10)

Undersecretary for Technical Services of the Department as Chair;

Commissioner of the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) as Vice-
Chair;

Commissioner of the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) in charge of
supervision of regulatory boards of building professionals;

Chief of the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP);

President of a national association of local building officials;

President of a national association of building developers, national association of
building owners, national association of building managers, or national association of
building administrators;

President of a PRC-accredited national professional organization of building
professionals;

President of a national association of building contractors;

High-ranking regular faculty member from a recognized higher education institution
involved in the training of building professionals; and

Two (2) representatives-at-large coming from any concerned sectors whose
Participation is deemed by the National Building Official as timely and
complementary to those of other members enumerated.

All representatives from the private, academic, or non-government sectors, enumerated
above from (5) to (9), shall be appointed by the National Building Official for a term of
three (3) years, each from a list of nominees submitted by their respective sectors, provided
that each said member, during his/her term, shall remain a certified member-in-good-
standing of the association, organization, or institution that has been originally represented.
In case of substitution or replacement of a member representing a specific sector, the new

member shall serve for the remainder of the three-year term. For these sectors, a different

association, organization, or institution other than the one currently represented shall be
given preference by the National Building Official in the next full three-year term
appointment.

22


(b)

Representatives-at-large, enumerated above as (10), shall serve ex-officio if officials and
representatives of government agencies, or shall serve for a term of three (3) years, without
immediate reappointment within one (1) year, if coming from the private, academic, or
non-government sectors.

In the absence or temporary incapacity of the Undersecretary for Technical Services of the
Department, the Commissioner of the HLURB shall act as the Chair of the Council, In the
absence or temporary incapacity of the Undersecretary for Technical Services of the
Department and the Commissioner of the HLURB, the Officer-in-Charge (OIC)
Undersecretary for Technical Services of the Department shall act as the Chair of the
Council.

A simple majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a quorum. The presence
of either the Chair or Vice-Chair of the BRSC is indispensable in counting the quorum.

Organization and Procedures. The National Building Official, in consultation with
relevant stakeholders, shall prescribe via rules and regulations the organization and
procedures of the Building Regulations and Standards Council, ensuring the periodic
review of reference standards every five (5) years and participation of the relevant
stakeholders, including but not limited to building officials, building developers, building
owners, building managers or administrators, building professionals and professional
organizations, building contractors, and higher education institutions, in setting
performance standards for design and construction. To achieve this purpose, the National
Building Official shall constitute Technical Working Groups (TWGs) composed of the
relevant stakeholders. The BRSC shall also have its Secretariat personnel separate from the
Office of the National Building Official to assist in the performance of its duties.

The BRSC budget shall be included in the annual budget of the Department.

23


(©) Duties and Responsibilities. The Building Regulations and Standards Council shall have
the following duties and responsibilities:

(a)

Q)

G)

@)

()

©

Review existing rules and regulations and existing referral codes, renamed as
reference standards under this Act, and/or formulate new ones in line with the
provisions of this Act and rules and regulations;

Formulate and recommend policies and strategies, for design and construction, with
reference to global standards taking into account local conditions;

Formulate a system of accreditation of qualified Building Professionals as Accredited
Certifiers, Accredited Structural Peer Reviewers, and/or Accredited Inspectors, and
qualified establishments or institutions as Accredited Testing Laboratories;

Collect relevant information, conduct research, and support studies on all matters
relating to design and construction, such as but not limited to the performance and
results achieved of the standards in mainstreaming disaster risk reduction and
management in building planning, design, construction, occupancy, and
maintenance;

Submit recommendations, including rules and regulations and reference standards, to
the National Building Official for approval;

Submit an annual report to the National Building Official; and

Perform such other functions that the National Building Official may authorize or
assign as may be necessary in carrying out the objectives of this Act.

SECTION 42. Office of the National Building Official (ONBO). The Office of the National
Building Official, within the Department, is hereby created to provide sufficient technical, legal,
administrative, and support personnel to the National Building Official in the exercise of his
powers and the performance of his duties. This Office, headed by a Director who shall be a
registered and licensed professional, be member of good standing of the duly accredited national
organization of the profession, and have at least five (5) years of diversified and professional
experience in building design, construction, and regulation, shall be placed under the supervision
of the Undersecretary for Technical Services. It shall comprise highly qualified personnel
eligible to act as building professionals, scientists, or technicians who possess diversified and
professional experience in the field of building design and construction, and lawyers.

24


The Office of the National Building Official shall provide assistance to the National
Building Official in the institutional strengthening of Offices of Local Building Official, capacity
building of Local Building Officials, data management, monitoring and evaluation, and
establishing and maintaining linkages with concemed institutions. A mandatory continuing
education and training program shall be pursued for the Local Building Officials and their staff,
as well as the staff of the Office of the National Building Official.

The Office of the National Building Official shall coordinate the Regional Building
Appeals Boards.

The Office of the National Building Official shall formulate plans, programs, and projects
on building planning, design, construction, occupancy, and maintenance pursuant to this Act in
consideration of global best practices and the exposure of the country to multiple hazards. It shall
plan and implement a computerized national database of buildings and structures, for purposes of
Section 37 and other provisions of this Act and rules and regulations. It shall also be in charge of
the implementation of a system of accreditation of qualified Building Professionals as Accredited
Certifiers, Accredited Structural Peer Reviewers, and/or Accredited Inspectors, and qualified
establishments or institutions as Accredited Testing Laboratories.

SECTION 43. Regional Building Appeals Boards (RBABs). A Regional Building Appeals Board
with appropriate personnel is hereby created in Regional Offices of the Department and placed
under the administrative supervision of the National Building Official, provided that an RBAB
may be created by the National Building Official to serve a group of adjacent regions. The
RBAB shall be chaired by a member of the Philippine Bar, and assisted by two technical
Personnel of the Department sitting as the other members of the Board and by support staff, all of
whom are appointed by the National Building Official. It shall have exclusive appellate
jurisdiction to review decisions of the Local Building Officials, or resolve appeals and/or
complaints after the same shall have been acted upon, or not given due course, by the respective
Local Building Officials within their region. In case of appeal for reconsideration by an

25


aggrieved party on the same matter, the decision of the RBAB shall be subject to review by the
National Building Official pursuant to Section 60 of this Act.

SECTION 44. Offices of Local Building Official (OLBOs) and Local Building Officials (LBOs).
Cities and first class municipalities shall create and operate a separate Office of Local Building
Official headed by a Local Building Official who shall be appointed by and accountable to the
National Building Official. The Local Building Official shall be appointed by the National
Building Official from a list of at least three (3) qualified recommendees of the mayor, subject to
civil service law and rules and regulations. The Local Building Official shall be responsible for

carrying out the provisions of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards within the
territorial jurisdictions.

Depending upon their needs and in order to improve their frontline services, second to
sixth-class municipalities may create and operate a separate Office of Local Building Official
upon request to and approval by the National Building Official. These municipalities, if adjacent
and accessible to each other, may also opt to request the National Building Official to create and
operate an Office of Local Building Official to serve the clustered municipalities, which office
shall be under the National Building Official. This cluster Office shall be located in a
municipality within the cluster as determined by the National Building Official. Each cluster of
municipalities may recommend to the National Building Official the appointment of one Local
Building Official for such cluster from a list of at least three (3) qualified recommendees of the
mayors of the cluster, subject to civil service law and rules and regulations.

Absent a request to and/or approval by the National Building Official for either a separate
or a cluster Office of Local Building Official, the municipal engineers of the second to sixth-
class municipalities shall be designated by the National Building Official to act, in concurrent
capacity, as the Local Building Officials in their respective territorial jurisdictions. For purposes
of this Chapter and this Section, the Office of Municipal Engineer in such second to sixth-class
municipalities shall be referred to also as Office of Local Building Official.

26


The concerned local government unit shall provide the funding for and operate the
separate Office of Local Building Official; the Office of the National Building Official shall fund
and operate cluster Offices of Local Building Official. The sharing and use of fees and fines
among the offices shall be in conformity with Section 46 of this Act.

SECTION 45. Special Jurisdictions. There shall be Local Building Officials for special
jurisdictions such as the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), the Philippine Economic Zone
Authority (PEZA), and other government agencies as provided for by the applicable laws, who
shall regulate design and construction of buildings or structures under their jurisdiction and/or
their registered locators and enterprises. These Local Building Officials in special jurisdictions
shall likewise be appointed by and accountable to the National Building Official.

Said Local Building Officials shall be appointed by the National Building Official from a
list of at least three (3) qualified recommendees of the head of their agency, subject to civil
service law and rules and regulations.

SECTION 46. Sharing and Use of Fees and Fines. Out of the total collection derived from fees,
permit fees, fines, and other charges, the Office of Local Building Official shall retain 15%
thereof and deposit in a special account created by the Local Treasurer, to answer for its
maintenance and other operating expenses. The Office of Local Building Official shall cause to
remit five percent (5%) to the National Building Official. The remaining 80% shall accrue to the
general fund of the local government unit or agency with special jurisdiction, which created and
operated the Office.

However, in the case of the cluster Office of Local Building Official, it shall retain 15%
thereof and deposit in a special account created by the Local Treasurer, to answer for its
maintenance and other operating expenses, cause to remit 65% to the National Building Official,
and cause to divide the remaining 20% between or among the clustered municipalities in
Proportion to the total fees and fines originating from each municipality, and to accrue to their
respective general funds.

27


The share of income to be remitted to the National Building Official shall be used to
cover honoraria for the BRSC Secretariat, BRSC TWGs, RBABs, and other operating expenses
of the BRSC, ONBO, RBABs, and cluster OLBOs.

Any provision of law to the contrary notwithstanding, the National Building Official is
hereby authorized to prescribe the procedures for the use of the 15% retained for the Office of
Local Building Official. Such income may be used to cover necessary operating expenses
including the purchase of equipment, supplies, and materials; expenses for travel; continuing
education and training programs; engaging Accredited Inspectors and Accredited Structural Peer
Reviewers; obligation expenses including attorney's fees and other legal expenses, including
sheriff's fees as well as hazard pay for employees and/or authorized representatives of the Office
of Local Building Official when the cause is in line with the performance of duties; and payment
of other prior years’ obligations not adequately funded, subject to existing budgetary and auditing
rules and regulations.

SECTION 47. Qualifications of Local Building Officials. No person shall be appointed as a

Local Building Official unless the person possesses the following qualifications:

(@) A Filipino citizen and of good moral character;

(b) A duly registered and licensed architect or civil engineer;

(©) A member of good standing of the duly accredited professional organization of civil
engineers or of architects for not less than five (5) years; and

(G) Has at least five (5) years of diversified and professional experience in building design and
construction.

Municipal engineers appointed by their mayors and who shall concurrently be designated
by the National Building Official as Local Building Officials, shall comply with the

Qualifications prescribed for their positions as municipal engineers in the Local Government
Code.

he Local Building Official for a special jurisdiction shall comply with the qualifications
prescribed for the position by the applicable law.

28


SECTION 48. Powers, Obligations, and Functions of Local Building Officials. In addition to

the other powers, obligations, and functions mentioned in this Act, the Local Building Official
shall have the following general powers, obligations, and functions:

(a)

(b)
©

@)

(g)

Approve applications for, and issue, reject, suspend, or revoke permits within their
territorial or special jurisdictions; for this purpose, the Local Building Official shall base
the decision upon the completeness and integrity of the application documents supported
by the appropriate certifications of Building Professionals and clearances from relevant
government agencies, in accordance with this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards;

Hear and decide cases filed by parties on complaints related to the permitting process;
Enter any building, structure, or its premises at reasonable times to inspect and determine
compliance with the requirements of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards, as well as the terms and conditions of the permit/s issued, provided that in case
ofa single family dwelling, an inspection by the Local Building Official and/or Accredited
Inspector must be upon the consent of the occupant or upon lawful order from the Proper
court;

Engage qualified and nationally-accredited Building Professionals as structural peer
reviewers and/or inspectors;

Order the work stopped and prescribe the terms and/or conditions for the work to be
allowed to resume, or issue any appropriate order, including cease and desist order and
demolition order, when any construction is found to be contrary to the provisions of this
Act, rules and regulations, reference standards, and the terms and conditions of the permit/s
issued;

Order the discontinuance of the use or occupancy of any building or structure, or a portion
thereof, found to be used or occupied contrary to the provisions of this Act, rules and
regulations, and reference standards, and/or the terms and conditions of the permit/s issued;
Keep a permanent record and accurate account of all fees, fines, and other charges fixed

and authorized by the National Building Official to be collected and received under this
Act;

29


(h)

@
0)

Validate and submit data on a computerized national database of buildings and structures,
for purposes of Section 37 and other provisions of this Act and rules and regulations;
Submit an annual situational report to the National Building Official; and

Exercise such powers and perform such other functions needed to assist the National
Building Official in carrying out the objectives of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards.

SECTION 49. Responsibilities of Building Owners. To promote accountability, Building
Owners and Building Owner-Builders shall be responsible for their compliance with the

provisions of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards. These responsi

lities shall

include but not be limited to:

(a)

(b)
©

@

©

Providing and/or submitting true and correct information and documents in support of their
application for permits and their prerequisite certifications and clearances;

Adhering to the plans and specifications;

Complying with the terms and conditions of the permit issued, and other prerequisite
certifications and clearances;

Maintaining the building consistent with its maintenance strategy and conducting periodic
inspection in accordance with this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards;
Engaging the services of Building Professionals and/or Building Contractors for any
Proposed construction, as may be required by this Act, rules and regulations, except for
Class P1 or Deemed-to-Satisfy Structures; and

Engaging the services of Building Professionals or Accredited Certifiers for the assessment
of structural stability and fire safety construction of the building, as may be required by
this Act, rules and regulations, except for Class P1 or Deemed-to-Satisfy Structures and
Class P2 or Regular Structures.

Offer to transfer ownership, or actual transfer of ownership, involving owners of

subdivision projects shall be made pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 957, or the Subdivision
and Condominium Buyers’ Protective Decree.

30


Offer to transfer ownership, or actual partial or full transfer of ownership, involving

owners of condominium projects shall be made pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 957, or the
Subdivision and Condominium Buyers’ Protective Decree, and to Republic Act No. 4726, or the
Condominium Act, as amended.

SECTION 50. Responsibilities of Building Professionals. To promote accountability, the
various Building Professionals, all of whom are registered and licensed by their respective
professional boards under the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC), shall be responsible
for the accuracy of their work and their corresponding certifications.

@

(b)

Design professionals shall be responsible for the correctness and consistency of their
design and the preparation of duly signed and sealed drawings, technical specifications,
calculations, designs, and analyses. They are not precluded from conducting inspection of
the construction work or building or structure to check and determine adherence to the
plans and specifications of the work as submitted with the permit application, provided that
in case of a single family dwelling, an inspection must be upon the consent of the occupant
or upon lawful order from the proper court.

Professionals in charge of construction shall be responsible for the correctness of
construction, including correctness of materials used, procedures followed, and temporary
works carried out in compliance with construction methodologies and standards; for
compliance with safety requirements; and for proper construction supervision at the site
works. They shall undertake the full time inspection and supervision of the work, and keep
at the work site at all times a logbook wherein the actual progress of work including tests
conducted, weather conditions, and other pertinent data are recorded. They shall be
responsible for the consistency and integrity of the documents such as logbook and as-built
plans. They shall also be responsible for the submission of the said documents, all duly

signed and sealed, upon completion or stoppage of construction, to the Local Building
Official.

SECTION 51. Responsibilities of Building Contractors. To promote accountability, Building
Contractors shall adhere to the duly signed and sealeddrawings, technical specifications, and
construction procedure, as prepared and certified by the Building Professionals and relied upon

31


by the Local Building Officials in the issuance of the permit. They shall also adhere to the
additional details, issued during construction, conforming to the submitted documents. Building
Contractors shall ensure the safety and health of construction workers, in addition to protection
afforded to them by labor laws. As principals, they shall be solidarily responsible for the acts and
omissions of their representatives, agents, subcontractors, and/or employees in relation to
construction. They shall engage Building Professionals in charge of construction.

CHAPTER IX
PERMITS AND INSPECTIONS

SECTION 52. Types of Permit. TheBuilding Owner of any proposed construction or existing

building or structure must secure the appropriate permit from the Local Building Official, prior

to the start of such work or occupancy:

(@) Building Permit — a permit for the construction of building or structure or any addition,
alteration, conversion, rehabilitation, relocation, repair, or retrofit of such;

(b) Ancillary Permit — a permit for the construction of ancillary structures as defined in this
Act;

(©) _ Excavation Permit — a permit for construction involving the removal of soil or rock from a
site to form an open face, hole, or cavity using tools, machinery, or explosives;

(d@) Demolition Permit — a permit for demolition of a building, structure, or portion thereof
including that which will be removed in the course of an on-going construction;and

(©) Occupancy Permit — previously termed Certificate of Occupancy; a permit for the full use
or occupancy of a building or structure, or a partial permit for use or occupancy of portion
or portions thereof prior to the completion of the entire building or structure, or a
temporary permit for temporary use or occupancy thereof prior to the completion of the
entire work covered by the permit, provided that such portion or portions shall be used or
occupied safely and that the Local Building Official shall set a time period during which

the partial permit or temporary permit shall be valid in accordance with rules and
regulations.

32


The National Building Official may prescribe in the rules and regulations such other
permits as it may deem necessary in accordance with objectives of this Act.

No permit shall be required for minor constructions, repairs, or demolitions prescribed in
the rules and regulations, insofar as these shall not violate any objective or provision of this Act.

SECTION 53. Detailed Classification of Buildings for Permitting Purposes. The National
Building Official shall prescribe the requirements for and procedure in securing the different
types of permit, as may be appropriate, based on the classification of buildings found in Section
10 of this Act. The procedures to be laid out by the National Building Official shall include: (a) a
simplified permitting process for Class P1 or Deemed-to-Satisfy Structures; (b) a mandatory
structural peer review of the stability for Class P3 or Special Structures; and (c) a regular
Permitting process for Class P2 or Regular Structures. The organizational structure of each
Office of Local Building Official laid out by the National Building Official via rules and
regulations shall take these three (3) permitting processes in consideration.

To aid the simplified permitting process, the National Building Official shall cause, via
Simplified Reference Standards the detailed documentation and regionwide or nationwide

information and education campaign on the proper siting, design, and construction of Class P1 or
Deemed-to-Satisfy Structures including Traditional Indigenous Family Dwellings.

SECTION $4. Application for Permit. Any person desiring to apply for the appropriate permit
shall file a duly accomplished permit application form with the Local Building Official of the
local government unit, cluster thereof, or special jurisdiction where the building or structure,
proposed or existing, is located,

In case of expired or revoked permit, the Building Owner may apply for a renewal of
Permit in accordance with the prescribed rules and regulations.

The National Building Official may require the payment of corresponding fees according
to a schedule provided in the rules and regulations and shall prescribe such other standard

33


Tequirements to be submitted with the duly accomplished permit application, provided that no
application fees shall be required for Class P1 or Deemed-to-Satisfy Structures.

Together with duly accomplished permit application fornv/s, the applicant shall submit:
(a) documents relating to ownership of building site that support the authority to order
construction work for a building or structure and to hold legal right of possession or title to a
building or structure; (b) relevant clearances from other agencies; (c) documents relating to
building use or occupancy, location, plans, specifications, and maintenance strategy; and (d)
estimated construction cost. According to the permit being applied for and the classification of
building or structure involved, whether Deemed-to-Satisfy, Regular, or Special Structure, the
National Building Official via rules and regulations shall require specific parts of building plans,
specifications and related documents to be submitted as evidence of compliance with this Act,
rules and regulations, and reference standards.

The National Building Official via rules and regulations shall require specific parts of
building plans and specifications to be prepared, signed and sealed by appropriate Building
Professionals, provided that various building professionals may be appropriately authorized
according to their respective professional regulation laws to prepare, sign, and seal certain parts,
sheets, or pages of building plans, specifications, and related documents.

SECTION $5. Processing of the Permit Application Pursuant to Republic Act No. 9485, or the
Anti-Red Tape Act as amended by Republic Act No. 11032, or Ease of Doing Business and
Efficient Government Service Delivery Act, within a reasonable time from the filing of the duly-
accomplished permit application, payment of fees as applicable, and compliance with other
standard requirements to be determined by the National Building Official, the Local Building
Official shall give due course to the application and issue the permit applied for upon satisfaction
of the completeness and integrity of the application documents supported by the appropriate
certifications of Building Professionals and clearances from relevant government agencies, in
accordance with this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards.

34


SECTION 56, Validity of Permit. A Building Owner with issued permits has the continuing
obligation to comply with the provisions of this Act, rules or regulations, and reference standards
throughout the lifespan of the building or structure.

When submitted plans and specifications of an issued permit are subsequently found to
be erroneous, the Local Building Official is authorized to oblige the applicant to effect the
necessary corrections in said plans and specifications and the corresponding construction or to
Prevent or stop any or all building operations that are in violation of this Act, rules and
regulations, and reference standards.

A permit issued under the provisions of this Act shall expire and become null and void if
the building or work authorized therein is not commenced within a period of one (1) year after
the issuance of the permit. A partial or temporary Occupancy Permit shall be valid for the time
period set by the Local Building Official in accordance with the prescribed rules and regulations.
For phased or incremental construction referred to in Section 32, the Building Owner may apply

for an extension of the validity of the permit, or renewal of the permit as appropriate, in
accordance with the prescribed rules and regulations.

SECTION 57. Grounds for Non-issuance, Suspension, or Revocation of Permit. The Local

Building Official may order or cause the non-issuance, suspension, or revocation of permits on

any or all of the following reasons or grounds:

(@) Non-compliance with the provisions of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards;

(6) Substantial errors found in the plans and specifications;

(©) Use of sub-standard building material or sub-standard workmanship and refusal to rectify
upon notice;

(@) Without any work being done in the site for more than 120 days for excavations left open
or building construction abandoned; and

(©) _ Fraudulent misrepresentation of data or information supplied in the application permit.

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Notice of non-issuance, suspension, or revocation of permit shall always be made in
writing, stating the reasons or grounds therefor. Said action by the Local Building Official shall
be proportionate to the reasons or grounds committed by the applicant, in accordance with this
Act and rules and regulations.

SECTION §8. Complaint. Based on the grounds enumerated in Section 57, any person
aggrieved by the proposed, ongoing, or existing construction, use, or occupancy may file before
the Local Building Official of the local government unit, cluster thereof, or special jurisdiction
where the concerned construction is located for the non-issuance, suspension, or revocation of
the corresponding permit applied for by, or granted to, the Building Owner. The aggrieved party
shall be notified of the action taken by the Local Building Official in case the permit is granted
or furnished with a copy of the decision, order, or notice of non-issuance, suspension, or
revocation of a permit of the Local Building Official.

SECTION 59. peal to the Regional Building Appeals Board. Within 15 days from the date of
receipt of notice of the non-issuance, suspension, or revocation of the permit or of the action
taken by the Local Building Official, the aggrieved party may file an appeal with the Regional
Building Appeals Board based on the following grounds:

(a) _Arbitrariness of the Local Building Official in the performance of regulatory functions; or
(b) Lack of factual or legal basis.

The Regional Building Appeals Board shall render a decision within 15 days from date of
receipt of appeal. The Regional Building Appeals Board's decision shall be in writing, stating
specifically the reason/s or ground/s therefor. In case it finds the appeal to be meritorious, the
Regional Building Appeals Board shall direct the Local Building Official to issue the appropriate
permit or order.

The decision of the Regional Building Appeals Board shall become final and executory 15
days after receipt of a copy thereof by the party adversely affected unless, within that period, an
appeal to the National Building Official has been perfected.

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SECTION 60. Appeal to the National Building Official. Within 15 days from the date of receipt
of notice of the decision of the RBAB, the aggrieved party may file an appeal to the National

Building Official; an appeal shall be deemed perfected upon filing of the notice of appeal and
posting of the corresponding appeal bond.

The National Building Official shall render a decision within 30 days from perfection of
the appeal. The National Building Official’s decision shall be in writing, stating specifically the
reason/s or ground/s therefor. In case the NBO finds the appeal to be meritorious, the National
Building Official shall direct the Local Building Official to issue the appropriate permit or order.

SECTION 61. Inspection and Supervision of Work and Building or Structure. Subject to the
Primary responsibility of Building Owners, Building Professionals, and Building Contractors to
inspect and/or supervise construction and as set forth in this Act, the Local Building Official
may, upon motion of any aggrieved party or motuproprio, visit and inspect at reasonable times
the ongoing constructions or existing buildings and structures to ensure compliance with the
terms and conditions of the permits and the provisions of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards. The National Building Official shall promulgate specific rules and

regulations for inspection of Group R, Residential buildings and structures, to be carried out by
the Local Building Official and/or Accredited Inspector.

‘The Local Building Official shall conduct periodic inspections of existing buildings and
Structures in accordance with Chapter VII of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards.

CHAPTER X
INCENTIVES AND PENALTIES,

SECTION 62. Incentives. The National Building Official, in coordination with relevant
agencies, shall develop and administer incentive schemes, which can be administrative, financial,
or otherwise, to promote voluntary compliance of existing buildings and structures with the
Provisions of this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards, as well as to encourage all

37


owners of buildings and structures, either existing or proposed, to promote the use of
environmentally sound or sustainable materials, methods, practices, and technologies.

The National Building Official, in coordination with other relevant agencies, may also
develop and promulgate incentive schemes for owners of both public and private buildings to
Secure insurance coverage for the residual risk after complying with mandatory requirements of
applicable laws.

The National Building Official may recommend funding support for local government
units and communities that have endorsed disaster risk reduction and management activities for

buildings and structures, especially those falling within the classification of Class P1 or Deemed-
to-Satisfy Structures, in their jurisdictions.

SECTION 63. Prohibited Acts and Omissions. The following are prohibited acts and omissions:

(a) _ by the Building Owner and/or representative:

(1) _ misrepresentation or submission of false statements or documents;

(2) _ use of unauthorized documents and/or certifications of Building Professional/s;

3) _ undertaking any construction without the required permit/s;

(4) noncompliance with or violation of the terms and conditions of the permit, including
prerequisite clearances by other government agencies;

) not maintaining the building in accordance with the submitted maintenance strategy;

(6) engaging non-licensed building professionals in the design, review, construction, or
certification of building;

(7) _ engaging non-licensed building contractors in the construction of building; and

(8) analogous acts, omissions, and violations of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards.

(b) _ by the Building Professional:

(1) _ misrepresentation or false statements;

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©

(@)

Q)

certifying documents that s/he did not prepare, or certifying acts that s/he did not
perform;

G) submission of incorrect or inconsistent drawings, technical specifications,
calculations, designs, and analyses;

(4) non-compliance with construction methodologies and standards in case of a
professional in charge of construction;

(S) violation of safety standards prescribed by law or regulations in case of a
professional in charge of construction;

(©) _non-submission of duly signed and sealed documents, or submission of inconsistent
or deceitful documents, such as logbook and as-built plans in case of a professional
in charge of construction; and

() analogous acts, omissions, and violations of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards,

by the Building Contractor:

(1) "deviation from the plans and specifications certified by Building Professionals and
Submitted to the Local Building Official, in a way that increases the risk to life,
health, property, or public welfare;

(2) violation of safety standards prescribed by law or regulations;

(3) not engaging a Building Professional in charge of construction; and

(4 analogous acts, omissions, and violations of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards.

by the Accredited Certifier:

(1) _ misrepresentation or false statements in order to be accredited by the Office of the
National Building Official;

2) certifying buildings and structures that do not meet the requirements of this Act, rules
and regulations, and reference standards, and other applicable laws;

G) refusing or failing to certify buildings and structures that meet the requirements of

this Act, rules and regulations, and reference standards; and

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©

10}

(g)

4)

analogous acts, omissions, and violations of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards.

by the Accredited Structural Peer Reviewer:

(1) misrepresentation or false statements in order to be accredited by the Office of the
National Building Official;

2) providing false information to the Building Owner and/or Building Professional
regarding the review;

(3) __ false certification on the compliance of structural design with this Act, rules and
regulations, and reference standards; and

(4) analogous acts, omissions, and violations of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards.

by the Accredited Testing Laboratory:

(1) _ misrepresentation or false statements in order to be accredited by the Office of the
‘National Building Official;

(2) misrepresentation or false statements in the tests and/or test results of building
materials;

(3) _ tampering with the equipment and instruments;

(4) conducting test methods non-conforming to reference standards; and

(5) analogous acts, omissions, and violations of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards.

by the Accredited Inspector:

(1) misrepresentation or false statements in order to be accredited by the Office of the
National Building Official;

2) providing false information to the Local Building Official regarding the inspection;

(3) false certification on the inspection, in consideration of any offer, promise, gift, or
present received; and

(4) analogous acts, omissions, and violations of this Act, rules and regulations, and

reference standards.

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(h) _ by the Local Building Official:

(1) _ arbitrariness in the performance of powers, obligations, and functions;

@) unjustifiable delay or gross negligence in the performance of powers, obligations,
and functions;

(3) _ willful engagement of non-accredited inspector;

(4) willful non-compliance with the orders of the National Building Official and/or
Regional Building Appeals Board; and

(S) analogous acts, omissions, and violations of this Act, rules and regulations, and
reference standards.

SECTION 64. Fines and Penalties. Any prohibited act or omission falling under paragraphs (a)
~ Gh) in Section 63 shall be subject to the administrative fines and penalties to be imposed by the
National Building Official, acting through the Local Building Official. Such fines shall not be
ower than 0.01% nor higher than 1.0% of the construction cost, per violation, in accordance
with the gravity of the offense and the category of violator as provided in Section 63; provided,
that the Local Building Official may not issue, may suspend, or may revoke any permit issued to
the violator, as may be appropriate, and/or may order the suspension or cessation of any
construction until such time that compliance with this Act, rules and regulations, and reference
standards are undertaken; provided further, that in case the Building Owner is also the builder or
Building Owner-Builder, the liability is only considered as one and that of the Building Owner;
provided furthermore, that in case of Building Professionals and/or Building Contractors found
o commit any of the prohibited acts and omissions, the Local Building Official shall also
endorse such violation to the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) and the Construction
Industry Authority of the Philippines (CIAP), respectively, for the corresponding administrative
sanctions; and provided finally, that should there be more than one violator for a single
Prohibited act or omission, their liability shall be solidary.

These administrative sanctions imposed by the National Building Official, through the
Local Building Official, are without prejudice to the right of any affected person to file the
appropriate administrative, civil, or criminal action in the proper forum.

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For offenses falling under paragraph (h) in Section 63, the National Building Official,
“pon recommendation of the Regional Building Appeals Board and after notice and hearing, may
Suspend or revoke the appointment or designation of the Local Building Official as such, without
Prejudice to the administrative, civil, or criminal liability of said official in accordance with
existing laws.

SECTION 65. Criminal Liabilities of Building Owners, Building Professionals, Building

Contractors, Accredited Certifiers, Accredited Structural Peer Reviewers, Accredited Testing

Laboratories, and Accredited Inspectors. In case of gross violation of this Act and/or rules and

regulations, the National Building Official and/or Local Building Official may recommend to the

Sppropriate government agencies the filing of criminal charges against the violators. Gross

violations shall mean any of the following:

(a) unauthorized change in type of construction from more fire-resistive to less fire-resistive;

(b) non-compliance with order to abate or demolish;

(©) non-compliance with cease and desist order for construction;

(@) not having any work being done in the site for more than 120 days and without justifiable
‘cause, for excavations left open or building construction abandoned; and

(©) blatant disregard of the orders of the Local Building Official in relation to the protection of
life, health, property, and public welfare, such as the non-payment of fines and breaking of
seals or operating despite the existence of an order for suspension or revocation,

{n which case, the offender shall be punished, per violation, by a fine not lower than 0.01%
nor higher than 1.0% of the construction cost, or by imprisonment of not less than six (6) months
nor more than six (6) years, or both, atthe discretion of the court, without prejudice to the civil
lability of the offender in accordance with existing laws. Where the violation is attended by
injury, loss of life and/or loss of property, the offender shall be proceeded against under the
applicable provisions of the Revised Penal Code and other special laws. If the offender is a

juridical entity, its officers, directors, agents, or any person primarily responsible shall be held
liable.

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SECTION 66. Criminal Liability of Local Building Officials and Staff Any Local Building
Official and/or staff who shall conspire to commit any of the enumerated gross violations with
any offender as provided in Section 65 shall be punished, per violation, by a fine not lower than
0.01% nor higher than 1.0% of the construction cost involved, or by imprisonment of not less
than six (6) months nor more than six (6) years, or both, atthe discretion of the court, without
Prejudice tothe civil liability ofthe offender in accordance with existing laws,

CHAPTER XI
FINAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 67. Appropriations. The amount needed for the initial implementation of this Act
shall be taken from the current fiscal budget of the Department provided, however, that such
amount as may be necessary to carry out Section 38 is hereby appropriated out of the
unappropriated funds of the National Treasury in the amount of Three Hundred Sixty Five
Million Pesos (Php 365,000,000). Thereafter, Congress shall provide for the appropriations of
the Department the annual amount needed for the implementation of this Act to be included in
the General Appropriations Act.

SECTION 68. Transitory Provision. There shal be a systematic transition of implementation of
building regulations and standards from PD 1096 to this Act,

To initiate and facilitate the transition, the Secretary, as the National Building Official, is
mandated to immediately establish the Office of the National Building Official within three (3)
months of the effectivity of this Act.

City and Municipal Engineers already acting as Local Building Officials in their
espective jurisdictions, and Local Building Officials already appointed or designated by the
Secretary and performing as such, shall continue to act in such capacity, until new appointments
and designations shall be made for Local Building Officials.

43


Engagement of Accredited Certifies, Accredited Inspectors, Accredited Structural Peer
Reviewers, and Accredited Testing Laboratories as provided for in this Act, shall take effect
following the implementationby the ONBO of the system of accreditation, as formulated by the
BRSC and promulgated by the NBO. The initial list of accredited persons shall be published by
the ONBO within one (1) year from the promulgation of the system of accreditation,

Consistent with Section 40 and Section 41 of this Act, existing referral codes, renamed as
teference standards by this Act, shall remain valid until after the National Building Official

promulgates new, revised, or amended Teference standards after the review and recommendation
of the BRSC.

SECTION 69. Implementing Rules and Regulations. The National Building Official, upon the
recommendation of the Building Regulations and Standards Council and in consultation with
relevant stakeholders, shall promulgate the Implementing Rules and Regulations of this Act,
including a system of accreditation of qualified Building Professionals as Accredited Certifiers,
Aceredited Structural Peer Reviewers, and/or Accredited Inspectors, and qualified
¢stablishments or institutions as Accredited Testing Laboratories, within one (1) year from the
effectivity of this Act. For this purpose, the Secretary, as the National Building Official, is
‘mandated to immediately constitute the Building Regulations and Standards Council within three
(3) months of the effectivity of this Act.

‘The National Building Official shall ensure that this Act is implemented in manners that
are clear to all stakeholders, through measures that include but are not limited to the following.

Every rule or regulation for the administration and enforcement of the provisions of this
Act, including any standard that may be referenced by such, shall clearly indicate the section or
sub-section of this Act to which it corresponds.

Subject to Section 5, every approved local ordinance with the effect of modifying a
national rule, regulation, or standard, towards better safeguarding of life, health, property, and
Public welfare, shall clearly indicate the national rule, regulation, or standard which it improves.

44


All forms, tables, charts, illustrations, drawings, and other annexes included with rules,
regulations, standards, and ordinances shall be systematically, uniquely, and clearly labeled, and
duly referenced within the text of the associated rule, regulation, standard, or ordinance.

SECTION 70. Non-Retroactivity Clause. This Act shall have no retroactive effect insofar as all
buildings and structures constructed under Presidential Decree No. 1096, or the National
Building Code of the Philippines, as amended, or existing city or municipal building ordinances,
if legally done in accordance therewith, shall be respected subject to such limitations in this Act
and except as otherwise stated in Section 38,

However, additions, alterations, conversions, rehabilitations, relocations, repairs,
retrofits, and demolitions to be made in such buildings and structures shall be subject to the
Provisions of this Act.

SECTION 71. Mandatory Review. This Act shall undergo a mandatory review of its provisions
every five (5) years to make the law more responsive to the needs of the times. The review shall
be made by Congress, which shall conduct public hearings and evaluate the accomplishments
and impact of this Act as well as the performance and organizational structure of its
implementing offices, which shall be the basis of any amendment or modification of this Act.

SECTION 72. Separability Clause. If any portion of this Act is declared unconstitutional or
invalid, the other portions which are not affected thereby shall continue in full force and effect.

SECTION 73. Repealing Clause. Presidential Decree No. 1096, or the National Building Code
Of the Philippines, as amended, is hereby repealed. See. 477 of Republic Act No. 7160, also
Known as the Local Government Code, is modified accordingly. Other existing laws, decrees,

executive orders, and rules and regulations or parts thereof that are inconsistent with this Act, are
hereby repealed.

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SECTION 74. Effectivity Clause. This Act shall take effect 15 days after its publication in the
Official Gazette or in two (2) newspapers of general circulation.

Approved.

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