TWENTIETH CONGRESS OF THE ) 
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ) 
First Regular Session 
)
S.B,
. 
o! t r
25 JUL 10 P6 :12
SENATE
No. 42.9
Introduced by SENATOR IMEE R. MARCOS
AN ACT
PROHIBITING DISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF AGE, 
INDIGENOUS, RACIAL OR ETHNIC ORIGIN, RELIGIOUS BELIEF OR 
ACTIVITY, POLITICAL INCLINATION OR CONVICTION, SOCIAL CLASS, SEX, 
GENDER, SEXUAL ORIENTATION, SEX CHARACTERISTICS, GENDER 
IDENTITY, GENDER EXPRESSION, MARITAL OR RELATIONSHIP STATUS, 
DISABILITY, HIV STATUS, PROFESSION OR OCCUPATION, HEALTH STATUS 
OR MEDICAL HISTORY, LANGUAGE, PHYSICAL FEATURES, AND OTHER 
STATUS, AND PROVIDING PENALTIES THERFOR
EXPLANATORY NOTE
The Constitution guarantees and provides for equal protection among every 
Filipino and prohibits discrimination particularly those discriminatory practices based on 
age, indigenous, racial, or ethnic origin, religious belief or activity, political inclination 
or conviction, social class, sex, gender, sexual orientation, sex characteristics, gender 
identity, gender expression, marital relationship status, disability, HIV status, profession 
or occupation, health status or medical history, language, physical features, or other 
status.
Article I of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights provides that, "All human 
beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason 
and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood." The 
United Nations (UN) have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human 
rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men 
and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of 
life in larger freedom.
On 07 December 2022, various independent UN experts urged all UN member 
states to prioritize enacting, enforcing and implementing anti-discrimination legislation. 
According to the UN Philippines Resident Coordinator Arnaud Peral during the
1


L0V3LABAN Pride Philippines Festival 2025 in Quezon City, Philippines, "The UN is 
committed to the principles of equality, inclusion, and the universal protection of human 
rights. Our work around the globe is guided by the belief that every person, regardless 
of sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression, is entitled to live in dignity 
and without fear... The UN supports efforts to enact and implement comprehensive 
anti-discrimination policies, to expand access to justice, and to ensure that healthcare, 
education, and employment are truly inclusive. We call on all members of society- 
government officials, community leaders, businesses, educators, and families—to stand 
as allies, to challenge prejudice in all its forms, and to build bridges of understanding 
and respect."
However, despite various laws regarding anti-discrimination, discriminatory 
practices are still rampant and is affecting thousands of Filipinos such as forms of 
cruelty primarily because of misconceptions and ignorance, among others. Thus, there 
is a need to exert efforts, including the prohibition and imposition of penalties, to 
address all forms of discrimination and violence and to promote human dignity and 
equality among all regardless of age, indigenous, racial, or ethnic origin, religious belief 
or activity, political inclination or conviction, social class, sex, gender, sexual 
orientation, sex characteristics, gender identity, gender expression, marital relationship 
status, disability, HIV status, profession or occupation, health status or medical history, 
language, physical features, or other status.
Given the abovementioned, there is a continued need for legislative action, 
community support, and public education to ensure equality for all.
Therefore, the passage of this bill is earnestly sought.
IMEE R. MARCOS


TWENTIETH CONGRESS OF THE ) 
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ) 
First Regular Session 
)
SENATE
S.B. No. ‘^^3
t . ] \ : 
:
25 JULIO P6:12
Introduced by SENATOR IMEE R. MARCOS
AN ACT
PROHIBITING DISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF AGE, 
INDIGENOUS, RACIAL OR ETHNIC ORIGIN, RELIGIOUS BELIEF OR 
ACTIVITY, POLITICAL INCLINATION OR CONVICTION, SOCIAL CLASS, SEX, 
GENDER, SEXUAL ORIENTATION, SEX CHARACTERISTICS, GENDER 
IDENTITY, GENDER EXPRESSION, MARITAL OR RELATIONSHIP STATUS, 
DISABILITY, HIV STATUS, PROFESSION OR OCCUPATION, HEALTH STATUS 
OR MEDICAL HISTORY, LANGUAGE, PHYSICAL FEATURES, AND OTHER 
STATUS, AND PROVIDING PENALTIES THERFOR
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress 
assembled:
1 
SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Comprehensive Anti-
2 
Discrimination Act".
3
4 
SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. - It is the policy of the State to work actively for
5 
the elimination of all forms of discrimination that offends the equal protection clause of
6 
the Bill of rights, and the State's obligations under human rights instruments acceded
7 
to by the Republic of the Philippines, particularly those discriminatory practices based
8 
on age, indigenous, racial, or ethnic origin, religious belief or activity, political inclination
9 
or conviction, social class, sex, gender, sexual orientation, sex characteristics, gender
10 
identity, gender expression, marital relationship status, disability, HIV status, profession
11 
or occupation, health status or medical history, language, physical features, or other
12 
status.


1 
Toward this end, the State shall exert efforts to address all forms of
2 
discrimination and violence and to promote human dignity as enshrined in the United
3 
Nations Universal Declaration on Human Rights, the Convention on the Elimination of
4 
All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, particularly on Nondiscrimination based on
5 
sexual orientation and gender identity. Convention on the Rights of the Child,
6 
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, International Covenant on
7 
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, International Convention on the Elimination of All
8 
Forms of Racial Discrimination, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities,
9 
International Convention on the Protection of All Migrant Workers and Members of their
10 
Families, and the relevant General Comments or Recommendations by the concerned
11 
United Nations Treaty-Bodies, and all other relevant and universally accepted human
12 
rights instruments and other international conventions to which the Philippines is a
13 
signatory of. As such, discriminatory practices as defined herein shall be prescribed and
14 
penalized.
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16 
SEC. 3. Definition of Terms. - For the purposes of this Act, the following terms
17 
shall be defined as follows:
18
19 
(a) Disabiiity refers to (1) a physical or mental impairment that substantially
20 
limits one or more psychological, physiological, or anatomical function of an individual
21 
or activities of that individual; (2) a record of such an impairment; or (3) being regarded
22 
as having such an impairment.
23 
(b) Discrimination constitutes any distinction, exclusion, restriction, or
24 
preference or other differential treatment that is directly or indirectly based on the
25 
protected attributes, such as age, indigenous, racial, or ethnic origin, religious belief or
26 
activity, political inclination or conviction, social class, sex, gender, sexual orientation,
27 
gender identity, gender expression, sex characteristics, marital or relationship status,
28 
disability, HIV status, profession or occupation, health status or medical history,
29 
language, physical features, and other status, which has the purpose or effect of


1 
nullifying or impairing the recognition, employment or exercise, on an equal footing, of
2 
the political, civil, economic, social, and cultural rights. Discrimination also includes
3 
incitement to discriminate and harassment.
4
5
6
7
8 
9
10
11
(1) Direct Discrimination occurs where a person is treated less 
favorably than another person in the same or comparable circumstances on the 
ground of their protected attribute, i.e., age, indigenous, racial, or ethnic origin, 
religious belief or activity, political inclination or conviction, social class, sex, 
gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, sex 
characteristics, marital or relationship status, disability, HIV status, profession 
or occupation, health status or medical history, language, physical features, and 
other status.
12
13
Direct discrimination also includes detrimental acts or omissions on the 
basis of prohibited grounds where there is no comparable similar situation.
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
(2) Indirect Discrimination occurs where a neutral policy, condition, 
practice, or requirement, which appears neutral on its face, is imposed which 
has the effect of disadvantaging a person with a particular protected attribute 
and which is not reasonable in the circumstances. Indirect discrimination may 
not be unlawful if a respondent can show that there is an objective justification 
for it. This involves demonstrating a proportionate means of achieving a 
legitimate aim.
21 
(c) Education and Training refers to all types and levels of education,
22 
training, and other avenues for learning, and includes access thereto, the standard and
23 
quality thereof and the conditions under which the same is given.
24
(d) Ethnic Origin includes race, national origin, and ethno-linguistic origin.


1 
(e) Employment refers to all terms, conditions, and privileges relating to work
2 
in public and private institutions, including recruitment policies, application, procedures,
3 
training, incentives, compensation, determination of benefits or allowances, promotion,
4 
advancement opportunities, transfer, and dismissal.
5 
The definition shall apply to all employees regardless of their status of
6 
employment. In legitimate contracting arrangements, the contractor/subcontractor
7 
shall be deemed the employer of the contractual employee.
8 
For the purpose of this Act, the terms of employment and occupation shall
9 
include access to vocational training, access to employment and to particular
10 
occupations, and terms and conditions of employment.
11 
(f) 
Gender refers to a social construct used to categorize a person as man,
12 
woman, or other identity which is usually based on one's sex assigned at birth;
13 
(g) 
Gender Expression refers to the way a person communicates gender
14 
identity to others through behavior, clothing, hairstyles, communication or speech
15 
pattern, or body characteristics.
16 
(h) Gender Identity refers to a person's innermost concept of self as man,
17 
woman, or another non-binary identity, which may or may not correspond with the sex
18 
assigned at birth.
19 
(i) HIV Status refers to the presence or absence of the human
20 
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the body of an individual.


1 
(j) 
Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs) shall, as
2 
provided under Section 3(h), Chapter II of Republic Act No. 8371 or "The Indigenous
3 
Peoples' Rights Act of 1997" (IPRA), refer to a group of people or homogenous societies
4 
identified by self-ascription and ascription by others, who have continuously lived as
5 
organized community on communally bounded and defined territory, and who have,
6 
under claims of ownership since time immemorial, occupied, possessed, and utilized
7 
such territories, sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions, and other
8 
distinctive cultural traits, or who have, through resistance to political, social, and
9 
cultural inroads of colonization, non-indigenous religions and cultures, became
10 
historically differentiated from the majority of Filipinos. ICCs/IPs shall likewise include
11 
peoples who are regarded as indigenous on account of their descent from the
12 
populations which inhabited the country, at the time of conquest or colonization, or at
13 
the time of inroads of non-indigenous religions and cultures, or the establishment of
14 
present state boundaries, who retain some or ail of their own social, economic, cultural,
15 
and political institutions, but who may have been displaced from their traditional
16 
domains, or who may have resettled outside their ancestral domains.
17 
(k) 
Bangsamoro People are those who, at the advent of the Spanish
18 
colonization, were considered natives or original inhabitants of Mindanao and the Sulu
19 
archipelago and its adjacent lands, whether of mixed or full blood, shall have the right
20 
identify themselves, their spouses and descendants, as Bangsamoro.
21 
(I) 
Linguistic Discrimination refers to the unfair treatment of an individual
22 
based solely on the use of language. This use of language may include the individual's
23 
native language or other characteristics of the person's speech, such as an accent, the
24 
size of vocabulary (whether the person uses complex and varied words), and syntax.


1 
(m) 
Marginalization refers to a condition where a whole category of people is
2 
excluded from useful and meaningful participation in political, economic, social, and
3 
cultural life;
4 
(n) 
Muslims refer to those who are followers of Islamic faith, whether from
5 
birth or by conversion.
6 
(o) 
Marita! or Relationship Status refers to the personal status of each
7 
individual in relation to the marriage laws or customs of the country.
8 
(p) 
Occupation refers to a line of work, job, or profession.
9 
(q) 
Persons with Disabilities include those who have long-term physical,
10 
mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers
11 
may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.
12 
(r) 
Physical Features refer to a person's height, size, weight or other bodily
13 
characteristics. It shall also include features that a person chooses to acquire, such as
14 
tattoos and piercings.
15 
(s) 
Political Inclination refers to a person's preference as regards
16 
membership or belief in a particular political party, organization, or ideology. It covers
17 
both the holding and not-holding of opinions, as well as expression of views or
18 
membership within opinion-based associations, trade unions, or political parties.
19 
(t) Profession refers to a lawful occupation which requires specialized
20 
knowledge and often long and intensive academic preparation.


1 
(u) Profiling means relying on the prohibited grounds of discrimination in
2 
subjecting a person, natural or juridical, or group of persons, including any type of
3 
societal relations, to any investigatory activities, which include, but is not limited to the
4 
following: (1) unnecessary, unjustified, illegal, and degrading searches, questioning or
5 
other investigatory activities, in determining whether an individual is engaged in an
6 
activity presumed to be unlawful, immoral, or socially unacceptable; or (2) recording
7 
and analyzing a person's psychological and behavioral characteristics to make
8 
generalizations about a person's protected attributes or to assist in identifying a
9 
particular subgroup of people's protected attributes.
10 
(v) 
Reasonable Accommodation means necessary and appropriate
11 
modification and adjustments not imposing a disproportionate or undue burden, where
12 
needed in a particular case, to ensure to persons with disabilities the enjoyment or
13 
exercise on an equal basis with others of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.
14 
(w) Religious Belief covers the profession or non-profession of religion or
15 
belief of one's choice that may be publicly or privately manifested in worship,
16 
observance, practice, and teaching.
17 
(x) 
5e>rrefers to the civil status of a person acquired by birth, having a system
18 
of reproduction corresponding to that belonging to male, female, or intersex.
19 
(y) Sex Characteristics refers to a person's physical traits that indicate their
20 
biological sex, such as chromosomes, external genitalia, gonads, hormones, and
21 
internal reproductive organs. Traits present at birth are called primary sex
22 
characteristics, whereas those that develop during puberty are called secondary sex
23 
characteristics.


1 
(z) Sexual Orientation refers to a person's physical, romantic, and/or
2 
emotional attraction to other people.
3 
It refers to the direction of emotional, sexual attraction, or conduct towards
4 
people of the same gender (homosexual orientation) or towards people of more than
5 
one gender (bisexual orientation), or towards people of different gender (heterosexual
6 
orientation) or to the absence of sexual attraction (asexual attraction).
7 
(aa) Social Class refers to groupings of individuals usually based on wealth,
8 
educational attainment, occupation, income, and membership in a subculture or social
9 
network.
10 
(bb) Stigma refers to the dynamic devaluation and dehumanization of an
11 
individual in the eyes of others which may be based on attributes that are arbitrarily
12 
defined by others as discreditable or unworthy, and which result in discrimination when
13 
acted upon.
14 
(cc) Vulnerable Communities refer to communities or sectors that encounter
15 
stigma and discrimination based on the grounds enumerated in Section 4.
16
17
18
19
20 
21 
22
23
24
25
(dd) Other Status refers to other forms of differential treatment or grounds of 
discrimination which either undermines human dignity, causes or perpetuates systemic 
disadvantage, or adversely affects the equal enjoyment of a person's rights and 
freedoms in a serious manner that is comparable to the protected attributes 
enumerated in Section 4 of this Act. These grounds include, but are not limited to the 
following: association and relation with persons with protected attributes, pregnancy 
or maternity/paternity status, family responsibilities, health status or medical condition, 
or criminal record.


1 
SEC. 4. Prohibited Grounds for Discrimination/Protected Attributes. -
2 
Discrimination that is directly or indirectly based on the actual or perceived
3 
characteristics, which include age, indigenous, racial or ethnic origin, reiigious belief or
4 
activity, political inclination or conviction, social class, sex, gender, sexual orientation,
5 
sex characteristics, gender identity, gender expression, marital or relationship status,
6 
disability, HIV status, lawful profession or occupation, health status or medical history,
7 
language, physical features, or other status is prohibited. For purposes of this Act, these
8 
personal characteristics shall be collectively termed as "protected attributes".
9 
The protected attributes that may be subjected to differentiation or any form of
10 
discrimination shall be interpreted in their most common or universal definitions and
11 
with due regard to the promotion of meaningful implementation of non-discrimination
12 
policy.
13 
In determining whether a person is distinguished by one or more of the
14 
protected attributes, identification, shall, if no justification exists to the contrary, be
15 
based upon self-identification by the individual concerned. Membership also includes
16 
association with a group characterized by one of the prohibited grounds or perception
17 
by others that an individual is part of such a group.
18 
SEC. 5. Acts of Discrimination, Uniawfui. - Subject to Section 7 of this Act, the
19 
acts of discrimination include, but are not limited to, the following:
20
(a) Inflicting stigma.
21 
It shall be unlawful for any person to commit any acts that promote, encourage,
22 
inflict, and perpetuate stigma based on the grounds referred to in Section 4. Content
23 
in the media, including social media, in educational textbooks, or in other medium that
24 
aims to promote, encourage, inflict, and perpetuate stigma is likewise prohibited.


1 
(b) 
Inciting violence or sexual abuse against any person or group on the basis
2 
of the grounds referred to in Section 4.
3 
(c) 
Denial of political, civil, and cultural rights.
4 
It shall be unlawful to deny a person enjoyment of political, civil, and cultural
5 
rights based on the grounds referred to in Section 4.
6 
(d) 
Denial of right to education.
7 
It shall be unlawful for any person to:
8
9
10
11
(1) Refuse admission or expel a person from any educational or 
training institution on the basis of the grounds defined in Section 4, without 
prejudice to the right of educational or training institutions to determine the 
academic qualifications of their students or trainees;
12
13
(2) Grant or refuse to grant honors, scholarship/s, or other forms of 
assistance on the basis of the grounds defined in Section 4;
14
15
16
(3) Impose disciplinary sanctions, penalties harsher than customary, 
or similar punishments, requirements, restrictions, or prohibitions that infringe 
on the rights of the students on the basis of the grounds identified in Section 4;
17
18
(4) Fail to make reasonable efforts to make facilities accessible to 
persons with disabilities; or
10


1
2
(5) Subject a person to any act of discrimination and intoierance 
reiated to education and training.
3 
The prohibition to deny the right to education on the basis of the grounds in
4 
Section 4 extends to acts committed against a student or trainee to discriminate against
5 
his or her parents or legal guardians.
(e) Denial of right to work.
7
8
(1) It shall be unlawful for any employer or head of a firm, company, 
or organization to:
9
10
11
12
(i) refuse or fail to employ a person for work of any type or 
kind which is available and for which the person is qualified, or impose 
on the person onerous terms and conditions, on the basis of the protected 
attributes under Section 4 of this Act;
13
14
(ii) fail to take reasonable efforts to make facilities accessible 
to persons with disabilities;
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16
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19
20 
21
(iii) deny or iimit access of an empioyee to the same terms and 
conditions of work, opportunities for training, transfer or promotion, or to 
other benefits connected with employment, as are made available for 
other employees having the same qualifications and empioyed in the 
same circumstances or work of the same kind or type, or impose on the 
person onerous terms and conditions, on the basis of the protected 
attributes under Section 4 of this Act; or
11


1
2
3
4
(iv) dismiss, demote, reassign, or transfer an employee on the 
basis of the protected attributes under Section 4 of this Act, or subject an 
applicant for employment or an employee to any act of discrimination on 
account of his hiring or employment;
5
6
7
8 
9
(2) It shall be unlawful for any person acting as job contractor or 
recruitment or placement agency, or agent in procuring workers for a principal 
or an employer to treat an applicant seeking employment less favorably than 
another person in the same circumstances who is likewise seeking employment 
on the basis of the protected attributes under Section 4 of this Act.
10
(3) It shall likewise be unlawful for any person to:
11
12
13
(i) Deny employment in government institutions, including 
police and military service, based directly or indirectly on the grounds 
referred to in Section 4;
14
15
16
(ii) Refuse to enter into contract or agreement with persons or 
group of persons based solely or partly on the grounds provided in Section 
4; or
17
18 
19
(Hi) Deny an application for or revoke a professional license 
issued by the government directly or indirectly due to the grounds 
included in Section 4.
20
(f) Denial of access to goods and services.
21
It shall be unlawful for any person to:
12


1
2
3
4
5
6 
7
(1) Deny a person, solely or partly on the basis of the grounds in 
Section 4, of goods and services available to the general public, such as but not 
limited to, private and public insurance, housing, and other forms of 
accommodation, and medical and clinical services: Provided, That to impose 
onerous or less favorable terms and conditions not otherwise offered to others 
in the same circumstances for the access of such goods and services is 
tantamount to discrimination;
8
9
10
11
12
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(2) Refuse entry to or evict a person from any establishment, facility, 
or utility that is open to the general public, such as but not limited to, 
restaurants, bars, hotels, shopping mails, solely or partly on the basis of the 
grounds listed in Section 4: Provided, That to impose onerous or less favorable 
terms and conditions not otherwise offered to others in the same circumstances 
for the access of such public spaces is tantamount to discrimination; or
14
15
(3) Cause undue and unjust deferral of services or provision of inferior 
services to persons due to the grounds in Section 4.
16 
There is discrimination if the acts above are committed against organizations or
17 
groups of persons, their members, officers, board of directors or trustees, or their
18 
target constituencies based on the grounds identified in Section 4.
19
(g) Denial of right to organize.
20 
It shall be unlawful to prohibit, prevent, or revoke the accreditation, formal
21 
recognition, and/or registration of any organization, group, political party, institution,
22 
or establishment, in educational institutions, workplaces, communities, and other
23 
settings, based partly or solely on the grounds provided for in Section 4.
13


1 
Discrimination is also committed when additional requirements beyond the
2 
customary are imposed directly or indirectly due to the grounds stipulated in Section 4.
3 
(h) 
Inflicting harm on health and well-being.
4 
It shall be unlawful to subject any person, without full, free, informed, and prior
5 
consent, to any unnecessary medical or physical examination, psychological treatment,
6 
faith-based practices, and other similar procedures based solely or partly on any of the
7 
grounds referred to in Section 4 that aim to change identity or physical attributes or
8 
impose behavior or expressions.
9 
(i) 
Engaging in profiling.
10 
It shall be illegal for any person, including members of the military and law
11 
enforcement agencies, to engage in profiling based solely or partly on the grounds
12 
included in Section 4. For the purposes of investigation, application for or access to
13 
public or private medical and other health services, including private and public health
14 
insurance and HMO-provided medical plans, and other acts which have the intention or
15 
effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise, on an equal
16 
footing, of political, civil, economic, social, or cultural rights.
17
(j) Abuses by the government and private persons.
18 
It shall be unlawful for any government agency, including local government
19 
units, police, military, and immigration agencies, to harass verbally or physically, to
20 
curtail freedom of movement, or to extort from a person or a group of persons on the
21 
basis of the grounds stipulated in Section 4.
22
This prohibition applies to similar abuses committed by private persons.
14


1 
(k) 
Detention and confinement.
2 
It shall be unlawful to detain and confine a person or groups of persons based
3 
directly or indirectly on the grounds under Section 4.
4 
(I) 
Inciting hatred or violence.
5 
It shall be unlawful to incite hatred or violence based on any of the grounds
6 
included in Section 4, by use of words or behavior, such as but not limited to delivering
7 
speeches or making utterances, doing acts of hatred or violence against another
8 
person, or mocking or ridiculing another, or display of written material, publishing or
9 
distributing written material; the public performance of a play; distributing, showing or
10 
playing a recording; broadcasting or including a program in a program service, and
11 
possession of inflammatory material: Provided, That the test to determine incitement
12 
to hatred or violence should be whether the speech or work, taken as a whole, lacks
13 
serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.
14
(m) Denial of right to expression.
15 
It shall be unlawful to deny a person of his freedom of opinion and expression
16 
based on the grounds included in Section 4. This includes the expression of identity or
17 
personhood through speech, deportment, dress, bodily characteristics, choice of name,
18 
or other means, as well as the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and
19 
ideas of all kinds through any medium.
20
(n) Retaliation and Coercion.
15


1 
No person, whether natural or juridical, shall discriminate against an individual
2 
who made a charge, assisted, testified, and/or participated in any means regarding an
3 
investigation, proceeding, and/or hearing under this Act.
4 
No person, whether natural or juridical, shall coerce, intimidate, threaten, and/or
5 
harass any individual regarding the latter's exercise or enjoyment of any right granted
6 
and/or protected under this Act.
7 
(o) Denial of right against wrongful portrayal.
8 
It shall be unlawful for any person to portray, intimate, depict, or describe in
9 
learning institutions, instructional materials, teaching devices, books, and reference
10 
materials, especially in civics and history, and in mass media, including social media,
11 
certain individuals and/or group/s as inferior, or encouraging the commission of any of
12 
the acts of discrimination against any person and/or group as provided in this Act:
13 
Provided, That the test to determine wrongful portrayal should be whether the work,
14 
taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.
15 
Information regarding the dignity and diversity of the cultures, traditions,
16 
histories, and aspirations of the ICCs/IPs should be appropriately reflected in all forms
17 
of education, public information, cultural-educational exchange, and information
18 
education campaigns including the use of social media platforms.
19
(p) Other analogous circumstances.
20 
Any analogous act, which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the
21 
recognition, enjoyment, or exercise of the person's human rights and fundamental
22 
freedoms, are also prohibited.
16


1 
SEC. 6. Persons liable. - Any person, natural or juridical, or their
2 
representatives, including government instrumentalities and agencies, or government-
3 
owned and -controlled corporations, or any private corporation, institution or company
4 
who commit discrimination through any of the acts described in Section 5 shall be liable
5 
under this Act.
6 
Any person, natural or juridical, or their representatives, who requests, instructs,
7 
includes, encourages, authorizes or assists another to commit acts of discrimination
8 
under Section 5 shall also be liable under this Act.
9 
The failure or refusal to act of a head of agency or government official or
10 
employee, or any person whose duty is to prosecute or otherwise act on a complaint
11 
for violation of this Act shall be deemed prima facie as sanctioning the discriminatory
12 
act on the part of said head of agency, official, or employee, and the latter shall
13 
consequently be held equally liable for discrimination under this Act.
14 
All government officers and workers are obliged to promote nondiscrimination
15 
in the discharge of their duties and responsibilities.
16 
SEC. 7. Exceptions. - Any action or conduct, otherwise prohibited under Section
17 
4 and 5 of this Act, shall not be unlawful and shall not be considered as discrimination:
18 
(a) Where any of the protected attributes is a bona fide occupational
19 
qualification (BFOQ) reasonably necessary to the normal operation of the particular
20 
business or where the differentiation is based on reasonable factors;
21 
(b) Where distinction, exclusion, or preference in respect of a particular job
22 
is based on inherent requirement, which is a proportionate means of achieving a
23 
legitimate aim;
17


1 
(c) 
Deeply held fundamental religious doctrines, dogma, or beliefs of a
2 
person or of a Body established exclusively for religious purposes require or compel
3 
such person or Body to perform acts or practice necessary to avoid injury to the
4 
religious sensitivities of adherents of that religion: Provided, That such acts or practices
5 
should be in accordance with law, public order, or public policy;
6 
(d) Where the act or omission is done in good faith for the purpose of
7 
assisting or advancing a person or group of persons who need or may reasonably be
8 
supposed to need assistance or advancement in order to achieve an equal place in
9 
society with other members of the community (Measures of Equality or Affirmative
10 
Action Program); or
11 
(e) 
Where a difference of treatment based on a protected attribute is
12 
reasonable and objective and if the aim is to achieve a legitimate purpose.
13 
The exceptions shall be without prejudice to the existing laws prohibiting
14 
discrimination on account of the protected attributes such as State principles and
15 
mandates underscored in R.A. No. 7277, as amended, entitled, "Magna Carta for
16 
Disabled Persons", R.A. No. 8371 entitled, "The Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of
17 
1997", R.A. No. 9710 entitled, "The Magna Carta of Women", R.A. No. 10911 entitled,
18 
the "Anti-Age Discrimination in Employment Act", and P.D. No. 442, as amended,
19 
entitled "Labor Code of the Philippines".
20 
SEC. 8. Penalties. -The penalty of not less than nine (9) months but not more
21 
than twelve (12) years imprisonment or a fine of not less than One Hundred Thousand
22 
Pesos (Php 100,000.00) but not more than Five Hundred Thousand Pesos (Php
23 
500,000.00), or both, upon the discretion of the court.
18


1 
The penalty provided under this Section shall be imposed in its maximum period:
2 
(a) 
If the offender has been previously convicted under this Act;
3 
(b) 
If the offender is a direct ascendant or descendant, a relative within the
4 
fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity, a step-parent or a step-child, or a guardian
5 
or a ward of the victim;
6 
(c) 
If the offender is the manager or owner of an establishment which has
7 
no license to operate or whenever such license has expired or has been previously
8 
revoked;
9 
(d) 
If the offender is a public official, officer, or employee: Provided, That the
10 
penalty of suspension shall be imposed: Provided, further, That the public official,
11 
officer, or employee may be asked to undergo gender and development training and
12 
community service during the duration of suspension. An accessory penalty of
13 
perpetual disqualification to hold public office is likewise imposed on the public official,
14 
officer, or employee.
15 
If the person liable for the discriminatory act is a juridical person, an accessory
16 
penalty of cancellation of certificates of registration and/or license shall be imposed.
17 
An offender who is a foreigner shall be deported immediately after service of
18 
sentence and shall be barred entry into the country.
19 
Whenever the courts determine that a fine shall be imposed pursuant to the
20 
criminal case filed under this Act, the fine thus collected shall be remitted by the court
21 
to the Commission on Human Rights which shall administer the fund for the assistance
22 
of victims of discrimination.
19


1 
In addition, the court may require the offender to render community service,
2 
which shall include attending seminars that advocate anti-discrimination agenda, such
3 
as gender and culture sensitivity training, human rights education, familiarization with
4 
and exposure to the plight of the victims, or any of the circumstances enumerated
5 
under this act.
6 
Nothing in this Act shall preclude the victim from instituting a separate and
7 
independent action for damages and other affirmative reliefs.
8 
The Administrative remedies provided under this Act do not bar prosecution of
9 
civil claims in proper courts for an act of discrimination committed under this Act.
10 
If any crime penalized under the Revised Penal Code is committed in pursuit of
11 
discrimination, the penalty provided under the Revised Penal Code shall be applied and
12 
the discrimination committed shall be considered as an aggravating circumstance.
13 
SEC. 9. Redress Mechanisms and Roles of Government Departments and
14 
Agencies. -
15 
(a) Inclusion of Discrimination Concerns in All Police Stations. - The Women
16 
and Children's Desks now existing in all police stations shall also act on and attend to
17 
complaints/cases covered by this Act. In this regard, the police officers handling said
18 
desks shall undergo trainings on human rights and sensitization on the issues of
19 
violence and abuse on the basis of the grounds referred to in this Act.
20 
Complainant-minors can be represented by parents, guardians, social workers,
21 
or a non-government organization of good standing and reputation.
20


1 
(b) Inter-agency Technical Committee. - An Inter-agency Technical
2 
Committee composed of the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) as the lead agency,
3 
and representatives from the Department of Justice (DOJ), National Commission on
4 
Indigenous Peoples (NCIP), National Commission on Disability Affairs (NCDA), National
5 
Commission on Muslim Filipinos (NCMF), Philippine Commission on Women (PCW),
6 
National Youth Commission (NYC), Civil Service Commission (CSC), Department of
7 
Labor and Employment (DOLE), Department of the Interior and Local Government
8 
(DILG), Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED),
9 
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), Department of Health
10 
(DOH), Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), and the Philippine National Police (PNP),
11 
shall be constituted and shall act as an advisory and recommendatory body on
12 
establishing developmental programs that will promote non-discrimination and
13 
management of diversity, in consultation with civil society organizations with proven
14 
expertise and track record on concerns regarding the protected attributes under Section
15 
4, and other stakeholders.
16 
(c) 
Role of the Civil Service Commission (CSC). - The CSC, in consultation
17 
with the Inter-agency Technical Committee, shall modify the existing rules on grievance
18 
machinery to address discriminatory practices committed in, and by officers or
19 
employees of, government agencies, instrumentalities, and in government-owned and
20 
-controlled corporations (GOCCs) and other offices under its jurisdiction.
21 
(d) 
Role of the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE). - The DOLE,
22 
in consultation with the Inter-agency Technical Committee, shall promulgate the rules
23 
and regulations necessary to enhance anti-discrimination protection in workplaces,
24 
including the establishment of a grievance mechanism to address discriminatory
25 
practices committed in the workplace.
21


1 
SEC. 10. Programs to Promote Non-discrimination, Equaiity, and Diversity. - It
2 
shall be the duty of every person, natural or juridical, public or private, to ensure
3 
nondiscrimination and equal opportunity for all persons in relating to actual or
4 
prospective employees, students, tenants, customers or clients, and that no
5 
discriminatory acts, as defined herein, is committed by them or their agents in the areas
6 
defined under Section 5 of this Act.
7 
The State shall endeavor to eliminate all forms of discrimination and shall
8 
therefore pursue initiatives and programs that seek to enable an environment free of
9 
stigma and discrimination, including ensuring reasonable accommodation is provided
10 
for disadvantaged and marginalized sectors. It shall direct the machinery and resources
11 
of the State to ensure non-discrimination and promote equality and shall encourage
12 
other sectors of the society to engage and participate in these efforts. The Inter-Agency
13 
Technical Committee shall, by rules and regulations and in consultation with the Bureau
14 
of Internal Revenue (BIR), develop, prescribe and administer incentive and award
15 
schemes to encourage public and private establishments to provide programs that
16 
promote nondiscrimination and contribute to the empowerment of vulnerable and
17 
marginalized groups. It shall ensure the establishment of the following programs:
18 
(a) Social Protection Program - The national government shall ensure the
19 
integration of the communities affected by or vulnerable to stigma and discrimination
20 
are integrated into government-run social programs.
21 
(b) Diversity and Inclusion Programs and Trainings. - All government
22 
agencies, including government-owned and -controlled corporations, local government
23 
units (LGUs), and private establishments and entities shall develop plans of action to
24 
address discrimination and establish diversity and sensitivity programs to ensure that
25 
discrimination and abuse are prevented and addressed. They shall:
22


1
2
(1) create an internal redress mechanism to address cases of 
discrimination and grant administrative remedies or sanctions for such cases;
3
4
5
6
7
8 
9
10
11
(2) conduct human rights education and training programs for public 
officials, including judges and candidates for judicial appointments, in 
coordination with the Commission on Human Rights (CHR). The Department of 
Education (DepEd), and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), in 
particular, shall integrate teaching on the principles of equality and non­
discrimination in formal and non-formal inclusive and multicultural education, 
with a view to dismantling notions of superiority or inferiority based on protected 
attributes and to promote dialogue and tolerance between different groups in 
society; and
12
13
14
15
(3) endeavor to provide or conduct human rights education, gender 
sensitivity, and culture sensitivity training programs for their staff, employees, 
students and trainees, and constituents to ensure that discrimination and abuse 
are prevented in their institutions.
16 
(c) 
Monitoring and evaluation. - All government agencies and
17 
instrumentalities shall monitor the implementation of measures to promote non-
18 
discrimination and equality. Monitoring shall assess both the steps taken and the results
19 
achieved in the elimination of discrimination. Annual reports in this regard shall be
20 
submitted to Congress and the CHR.
21 
(d) 
Disaggregation of data. - All government agencies and instrumentalities
22 
shall ensure that all national strategies, policies, and plans shall use appropriate
23 
indicators and benchmarks, disaggregated on the basis of the prohibited grounds of
24 
discrimination.
23


1 
The rights of individuals or groups of individuals, who may be distinguished by
2 
one or more of the prohibited grounds, to participate in the decision-making processes
3 
over the selection of measures to promote non-discrimination and diversity shall always
4 
be upheld by the government in the implementation of the programs enumerated
5 
above.
6 
(e) 
Information and Education Campaign. - All government agencies and
7 
instrumentalities are mandated to develop and implement information dissemination
8 
on any of the prohibited forms of discrimination. They shall endeavor to produce and
9 
publish information campaign materials on discrimination.
10 
(f) 
Affirmative Action. - The State shall develop a system of affirmative
11 
actions towards protecting the rights of IPs, other cultural minority groups, and other
12 
vulnerable groups. Support and protection for research and development and learning
13 
materials on cultural heritage preservation and sensitivity for other vulnerable groups
14 
shall be provided to all State Universities and Colleges.
15 
All entities, agencies, corporations, companies, organizations, and
16 
educational/training institutions, whether private or public, shall ensure the
17 
implementation of this Section.
18 
SEC. 11. Enforcement - Criminal complaints brought under this Act shall be
19 
filed with the proper court. In addition to the criminal complaint, a person who has
20 
been subjected to any acts of discrimination as defined in this Act may file a complaint
21 
with the CHR. For this purpose, the CHR may investigate, motu proprio or on complaint
22 
by any person, acts or omissions in violation of this Act.
23 
In all cases under investigation, the Commission may issue legal and preventive
24 
measures, as well as provisional remedies. These measures or remedies shall include.
24


1 
but not limited to, general writs of injunction, restraining orders, status quo ante orders,
2 
cease and desist orders, protection orders, or such other orders to protect the iife and
3 
security of persons, preserve evidence, protect properties, and other considerations to
4 
ensure the efficient investigation of the aiieged vioiation of this Act.
5 
The Commission shall also direct the officer concerned to take appropriate action
6 
against a public officer or employee at fault or who neglected to perform an act or
7 
discharge a duty required under this Act, and other revocation of iicense, removal from
8 
office or employment, suspension, demotion, fine, censure, or prosecution, and ensure
9 
compliance therewith. Refusal by any officer without just cause to comply with an order
10 
of the Commission to revoke the license, remove, suspend, demote, fine, censure, or
11 
prosecute an officer or empioyee who is at fauit, or who neglects to perform an act or
12 
discharge a duty required under this Act, shail be a ground for discipiinary action
13 
against said officer.
14 
The CHR, consistent with its mandate under this Act, shali designate a focai
15 
commissioner and/or create an Anti-Discrimination Center/Office to be primarily
16 
responsible for formulating and impiementing programs and activities reiating to the
17 
right of aii persons against discrimination, inciuding the investigation and handiing of
18 
complaints of violations of this Act.
19 
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, NCIP shaii have exciusive jurisdiction
20 
over the conduct of investigations on the basis of compiaints fiied by ICCs/IPs against
21 
naturai or juridicai persons beiieved to have vioiated ICCs/IPs rights.
22 
SEC. 12. Administrative Proceedings and Sanctions against Pubiic Officiais and
23 
Empioyees. - Pursuant to Section 11 of this Act, which makes it a duty of the CHR to
24 
investigate aiieged cases of discrimination, a finding by the CHR that a department,
25 
agency, or instrumentaiity of the government, a government-owned and -controiied
25


1 
corporation, or a local government unit has violated any provision of this Act and its
2 
implementing rules and regulations, shall carry with it a recommendation to the CSC
3 
and/or the DILG for the imposition of sanctions under administrative law, civil service,
4 
or other appropriate laws. Such recommendation shall include the names of the person
5 
directly responsible for the violation, and a statement that the sanctions be imposed
6 
upon the person directly responsible and the head of the agency or local chief
7 
executive.
8 
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, NCIP shall have exclusive jurisdiction
9 
over the conduct of investigations on the basis of complaints filed by ICCs/IPs against
10 
natural or juridical persons believed to have violated ICCs/IPs rights.
11 
SEC. 13. Fines against Private Persons, Provisional Remedy. - Upon a prima
12 
/ac/e finding that any provision of this Act was violated and upon its issuance of a cease
13 
and desist order, the CHR may impose a fine of Twenty Thousand Pesos (Php
14 
20,000.00), for every day that the act of discrimination complained of has not ceased.
15 
The fine thus collected shall be for the assistance of victims of discrimination.
16 
For purposes of this section and the imposition of the provisional remedy of fine,
17 
the CHR may ask the assistance of DTI, CHED, DOLE, DepED, and TESDA.
18 
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, NCIP shall have exclusive jurisdiction
19 
over the conduct of investigations on the basis of complaints filed by ICCs/IPs against
20 
natural or juridical persons believed to have violated ICCs/IPs rights.
21 
SEC. 14. Joint Congressional Oversight Committee. - A Joint Congressional
22 
Oversight Committee on Anti-Discrimination (JCOC-AD) is hereby created for the
23 
purpose of monitoring and evaluating the effective implementation of this Act as well
24 
as other Acts that affect the right of persons against discrimination.
26


1 
The JCOC-AD shall be composed of five members each from the Senate and the
2 
House of Representatives.
3 
The Senate Panel shall be composed of the Chairperson of the Committee on
4 
Social Justice, Welfare and Rural Development as Chairperson of the Senate Panel, the
5 
Chairperson of the Committee on Women, Children, Family Relations and Gender
6 
Equality, the Chairperson of the Committee on Cultural Communities, and the remaining
7 
seats to other members of the Senate regardless of the Committee with at least one
8 
member from the minority.
9 
The House of Representatives Panel shall be composed of the Chairperson of
10 
the Committee on Human Rights as Chairperson of the House of Representatives Panel,
11 
the Chairperson of the Committee on Women and Gender Equality, the Chairperson of
12 
the Indigenous Cultural Communities and Indigenous Peoples, and the remaining seats
13 
to other members of the House of Representatives with at least one member from the
14 
minority.
15 
All government agencies shall submit to the JCOC-AD annual reports on the
16 
monitoring and evaluation of measures to promote non-discrimination and equality
17 
which shall include recommendations for Congress.
18 
The JCOC-AD shall convene regularly, at least once a year, to review the annual
19 
reports from government agencies and to evaluate the effectivity and effective
20 
implementation of this Act and other relevant Acts. It shall invite the Inter-agency
21 
Technical Committee in all its meetings.
22 
The JCOC-AD shall submit a report to Congress on its review and evaluation of
23 
relevant Acts and its recommendations.
27


1 
SEC. 15. Implementing Rules and Regulations. - The Inter-Agency Technical
2 
Committee, in consultation with appropriate civil society organizations and other
3 
stakeholders, shall promulgate the necessary implementing rules and regulations within
4 
ninety (90) days from the effectivity of this Act.
5 
SEC. 16. Separability Clause. - Should any provision of this Act or part hereof
6 
be declared unconstitutional, the other provisions or parts not affected thereby shall
7 
remain valid and effective.
8 
SEC. 17. Repealing Clause. - This Act shall be without prejudice to the existing
9 
special laws prohibiting discrimination on account of the protected attributes such as
10 
State principles and mandates underscored in R.A. No. 7277, as amended, entitled,
11 
nMagna Carta for Disabled Persond', R.A. No. 8371 entitled, " The Indigenous Peoples'
12 
Rights Act of 1997', R.A. No. 9710 entitled, " The Magna Carta of Womerf, R.A. No.
13 
10911 entitled, the "‘Anti-Age Discrimination in Employment Act', and P.D. No. 442, as
14 
amended, entitled "Labor Code of the Phiiippined'.
15 
All other laws, decrees, orders, and issuances, or portions thereof, which are
16 
inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, are hereby repealed, amended, or modified
17 
accordingly.
18
19
20
SEC. 18. Effectivity. - This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its 
publication in two (2) newspapers of general circulation.
Approved,
28