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FOURTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE 
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First Regular Session 
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REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES 
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Introduced by Senator Antonio “Sonny” F. Trillanes IV 
EXPLANATORY NOTE 
There is a need to create a central agency that will consolidate the functions currently 
being undertaken by the Land Transportation Office, the Land Transportation 
Franchising and Regulatory Board, the DOTC’s Office of Transport Cooperatives, the 
PNP’s Traffic Management Group and the h4MDA‘s Traffic Enforcement Group. This is 
to avoid the confusion as to which agency is tasked to maintain land transportation law 
and order on the streets of the Philippines, as well as to provide direction and 
administration to the nation’s land transportation industry. 
As envisioned by the bill, a National Land Transportation Authority shall absorb the 
functions of a merged LTO and LTFRB as the primary policy, planning, programming, 
coordinating, implementing, regulating and administrative entity of the government in the 
promotion, development and regulation of a dependable network of land transportation 
systems. 
In so doing, a more efficient agency capable of addressing the various needs of the land 
transportation industry is created, which through regulations, will ensure public safety 
and welfare. 
To allow the agency to do its broad function, the bill authorizes the NLTA to use 50% of 
the income that it collects from its operation. This will enable the agency to modernize in 
order to be better equipped to do the tasks at hand. 
As we move towards progress, we need a land transportation agency that is up to the 
challenge. We can only attain this if this bill is passed into law. 
AN9ONIO “SONNY” F. TRILLANES IV 
Senator 
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FOURTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE 
1 
First Regular Session 
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:1 
ap; 30 p[ 
7 ( 1  
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES 
) 
SENATE 
S NO. 
2234 
Introduced by Senator Antonio “Sonny” F. Trillanes IV 
AN ACT 
ESTABLISHING THE NATIONAL LAND TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY, 
APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES 
Be in enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress 
assembled: 
ARTICLE I 
TITLE, POLICIES, OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE ACT 
SECTION 1. Title. - This act shall be known as the “National Land 
Transportation Authority (1vLTA) Act of 2008” 
SEC. 2. Policy and Objectives. The state shall pursue the development, 
maintenance and expansion of a viable, efficient, safe and dependable land transportation 
system as an effective instrument for national development and economic progress, 
specifically through the establishment of a motor vehicle statistical office as the principal 
source of information, the conversion from the adversarial quasi judicial procedures in 
the grant of franchises to operate public utility motor vehicles into administrative 
proceedings using socioeconomic indicators in the grant of permits, and the establishment 
of an office charged with long term forward planning in order to improve the 
administration of the land transportation industry. The Authority shall absorb the 
functions of the merged LTO and LTFRB as the primary policy, planning, programming, 
coordinating, implementing, regulating and administrative entity of the government in the 
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promotion, development and regulation of a dependable network of land transportation 
systems. 
SECTION 3. Scope ofthe Act. The provisions of the Act shall control, as far as 
they apply, to the registration and operation of motor vehicles; licensing of drivers and 
conductors; enforcement of traffic rules, laws and regulations; adjudication of traffic and 
non-traffic violations; franchising and operation of public utility motor vehicles; 
regulation of activities of motor vehicle manufacturers, assemblers, importers, and 
dealers, and other related matters pertaining to road safety and environment protection. 
ARTICLE II 
DEFJNTIONS 
SEC. 4. Words and phrases defsned. - As used in this Act, the following terms 
shall mean: 
“Motor Vehicles” shall mean any vehicle propelled by any power other than 
muscular power using the public highway but excepting road rollers, trolley cars, street- 
sweepers, sprinklers, lawn mowers, bulldozers, graders, forklifts, amphibians, trucks, and 
cranes if not used on public highways, vehicles which run only on rails and tracks, and 
tractors, trailers and engines of all kinds used exclusively for agricultural purposes. 
“Highway” shall mean the entire width between the boundary lines of every way 
publicly maintained when any part thereof is open to the use of the public for the purpose 
of vehicular travel. 
“Owner” shall mean any person or entity in whose name the motor vehicle is 
registered with the Authority. The owner of a motor vehicle owned by the government or 
government-controlled corporation shall be the ofice, agency or bureau to which the 
motor vehicle belongs. 
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“Component” shall mean any part of a motor vehicle such as engine, chassis and 
body or parts thereof. 
“Dealer ” shall mean any duly accredited person, association, partnership, firm or 
corporation engaged in the assembly, manufacture, importation, buying and selling, or 
rebuilding of motor vehicles or its components evidenced by a commercia1 invoice. 
“Director-General” shall mean the actual or acting chief of the national Land 
Transportation Authority duly appointed or designated by the President of the Republic 
of the Philippines. 
“Deputies ” shall mean the organic and duly authorized representatives of the 
Director General to carry out the provisions of this Act. 
‘‘Agents ” shall mean the duly designated representatives of the Director General 
authorized to assist in enforcing the provisions of this Act. 
“Parking or parked” means that the motor vehicle has been brought to a stop on 
the shoulder or proper edge of a highway, and remains inactive in that place or closed 
thereto for an appreciable period of time. A motor vehicle which properly stops, merely 
to discharge a passenger or to take in a waiting passenger, or to load and unload a small 
quantity of freight with reasonable dispatch shall not be considered as “parked” if the 
motor vehicle again moves away without delay. 
“Driver” shall mean any person who is in actual physical control of a motor 
vehicle in operation. 
“Professional Driver” shall mean any person hired or paid to operate a motor 
vehicle whether in private use or for hire to the public. Any person driving his own motor 
vehicle for business or for hire is a professional driver. Nothing in this definition shall 
prevent a professional driver from operating a private vehicle without compensation. 
“Non Professional Driver ” shall mean any person operating any vehicle except a 
public utility vehicle, without compensation. 
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“Conductor” shall mean a person assisting the driver of a public utility vehicle to 
ensure the safety of cargoes and/or passengers while said vehicle is in operation. 
“Certijkate of Public Convenience ” shall mean the authorization issued by the 
Authority for the operation of land transportation services for public use as required by 
law. 
“Authorized Route ” shall mean the approved origin and destination points linked 
by a chain of highways and streets open for public use over which the service is 
authorized. 
“Public Utility Operator’’ shall mean the registered owner of the motor vehicles 
authorized for public utility operation by the Authority. 
“Abandonment of Service” shall mean the suspension or cessation of service by a 
public utility operator in its authorized route or portions thereof. A partial abandonment 
of service is presumed when a public utility operator fails to field the authorized number 
of units on a route after due notice from the Authority. 
ARTICLE III 
CREATION, POWERS AND FUNCTION 
SEC. 5. Creation of the NLTA. The National Land Transportation Authority 
(NLTA), hereinafter referred to as the Authority, is hereby created, which shall be 
attached to the Department of Transportation and Communications for purposes of policy 
coordination. 
SEC. 6. Powers and Functions. To accomplish its mandate and objectives, the 
Authority is authorized to: 
(a) Prepare the NationaI Land Transportation Development Program for approval 
by the NEDA Board; evaluate and package projects and investment programs; 
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and for this purpose, may call on any agency or organization whether public or 
private whose development plans include land transportation as an integral part 
thereof, to participate in the preparation and implementation of such programs; 
(b) Enter into contract with domestic and foreign companies for services and 
products duly approved in the National Land Transportation Development 
Program; 
(c) Promulgate, administer and enforce standards of measurements, designs, and 
rules and regulations requiring owners of motor vehicles and operator of public 
land transportation services to equip, install and provide in their utilities and in 
their stations such devices, equipment, facilities and operating procedures and 
techniques as may promote safety, protection, comfort and convenience to 
persons and property in their charge, as well as the safety of persons and property 
within their areas of operation; 
(d) Issue, amend, revise, suspend or cancel certificates of public convenience or 
permits authorizing the operation of public utility land transportation services, and 
to prescribe the appropriate terms and conditions therefor and regulate the 
operation of public land transportation; 
(e) Identify, establish, prescribe and regulate routes or service, economically 
viable capacities, zones or areas of operation of public land transportation 
services, adjust fares, Ereight rates and related charges; 
(f) Accredit and regulate the activities of motor vehicle and component 
manufacturers, assemblers, importers and dealers; the operation of driving 
schools; inspection stations for safety and smoke emission; clinics and 
laboratories to conduct medical examination and psychological tests including 
alcohol and drug testing; and insurance companies and other activities related to 
the function of the Authority. 
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(g) Establish rules and regulations for the inspection and registration of motor 
vehicle; issuance, suspension and revocation of driver’s licenses and permits, type 
approval for safety standards of motor vehicles and accessories; issuance of motor 
vehicle identification plates and validating stickers; 
(h) Promulgate rules and regulations for the effective enforcement of all land 
transportation and traffic laws, rules and regulations and impose and collect fines 
and penalties for violations thereof; 
(i) Make arrest for violations of the land transportation laws; 
(j) Issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum to compel the appearance of motor 
vehicle owners, drivers and other persons; 
(k) Fix, impose and collect, and periodically review and adjust reasonable fees 
and other related charges for services rendered, as well as administrative fines for 
violation of pertinent laws, orders, rules and regulations, decisions and rulings; 
(1) Compile, maintain and manage an integrated data center with appropriate 
communications linkages for records and statistics in land transportation 
including a uniform traffic violation accident and stolen motor vehicles reporting 
system; 
(m) Generate non-tax revenues out of its assets, properties and services; and 
(n) Perform such other powers and functions as maybe provided by law. 
SEC. 7. Governing Body. The governing board and policy making body of the 
uthority shall be vested in the Board of Directors composed of the following: 
1. Secretary of Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC); 
2. Director General of the National Land Transportation Authority (NLTA), 
appointed by the President as Chief Executive Officer; 
3. Secretary of Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG); 
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4. Secretary of Department of Budget and Management (DBM); 
5. Secretary of the Department of Finance @OF); 
6. Secretary of the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA); and 
7. A representative from the transport sector to be appointed by the President. 
The Board shall meet at least once a month and hold special meetings upon the call of 
the Chairman or any four members of the Board. A simple majority shall constitute a 
quorum to transact business and a vote of at least a simple majority of the members 
present at which there is a quorum shall be valid. 
ARTICLE N 
ADMIMSTRATION 
SEC. 8. Executive Officers. The Authority shall be managed by a Director- 
General with the rank, salary and qualifications equivalent to that of a Department 
Undersecretary, who must have sufficient knowledge and background in land 
transportation management. He shall serve at the pleasure of the President. 
The Director-General shall be assisted by four Deputy Director-Generals - for 
Administration and Finance, Plans and Operations, Franchising, and Law Enforcement 
and Adjudication - with rank, salary and qualifications equivalent to that of an Assistant 
Secretary, preferably a Career Executive Service Officer (CESO) possessing at least 10 
years experience and practice in land transportation management and administration. 
The regional offices shall be headed by a Regional Executive Director under the 
direct supervision of the Director-General with rank, salary and qualifications equivalent 
to that of a Director IV, possessing ten years experience in land transportation 
management, assisted by two Technical Regional Directors - one for Operations and 
another for Administration and Finance - with rank, salary and qualifications equivalent 
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to that of a Director I11 and with at least ten years experience in land transportation 
management. 
The above-named executive officers of the Authority shall be appointed by the 
President upon recommendation of the Board. Within one year, all such officers shall 
apply and qualify for appointment as Career Executive Service officers. 
For purposes of a more rigid and effective implementation of this Act, the 
Director- General shall create the Land Transportation District Offices (LTDO) to be 
headed by a Land Transportation District Director appointed by the Director-General. 
The LTDO shall have the rank, salary and privileges of a Director 11. The qualifications 
herein required for LTDO shall apply to officials appointed pursuant to this law without 
prejudice to incumbent heads of LTO district offices regardless of their status. 
SEC. 9. Powers of the Director-GeneraL As Chief Executive Officer of the 
Authority, the functions and powers of the heads of the LTO, LTFRB, and OTC as 
provided under R.A. 4136 and CA 146 as amended as well as other laws otherwise not 
expressly defined in this Act are now deemed transferred, vested and exercised by the 
Director-General of the Authority, including the following: 
(1) Implement, enforce and apply the policies, programs, guidelines, procedures, 
rules and regulations promulgated, prescribed, issued and adopted by the 
Authority; 
(2) Manage the affairs of the Authority and ensure the smooth operational efficiency 
of the national land transportation system; 
(3) Sign contracts, approve expenditures and appoint and discipline employees below 
the level of Presidential appointees; 
(4) Submit an annual budget to the Board for recurrent income and expenditures for 
adoption not later than one month before the commencement of the ensuing year; 
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(5) Undertake research, studies, investigations, projects and other related activities, 
and submit reports and recommendations to the Board for its information and or 
approval; engage the services of experts/consultants either in full time or part 
time basis as may be required in the performance of his functions and duties as 
maybe determined by him, subject to the approval of the Board; 
(6) Designate a5 deputies government entities with traffic-related functions, civic 
action groups, Non-Government Organization (NGO) and Public Officers (PO) 
of good standing; 
(7) Do any act or thing for the proper operation and administration of the Authority; 
and 
(8) Perform such other functions and duties as the Board may assign from time to 
time. 
SEC. 10. Stafflng Pattern. The Director-General. subject to the approval of the 
Board shall determine the staffing pattern, the number of personnel and field offices of 
the Authority, the functions of the central office staff, the regional and district offices; 
define their duties and responsibilities and fix their qualifications, salaries and other 
emoluments. 
The Board shall act on the recommendation within (30) days from its submission, 
otherwise, the recommendation shall be deemed approved and the same shall be 
implemented within 90 days from approval thereof. 
SEC. 11. Appointment and Discipline of Personnel. All officials of the 
Authority, except those appointed by the President, shall be selected and appointed on the 
basis of merit and fitness as established in a merit system program of the Authority 
consistent with Civil Service laws and regulations. 
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The appointment of regional and district officials, except those to be appointed by 
the President, may be delegated by the Director-General to the Regional Executive 
Director. Except for the Director General, all officials to be appointed by the President 
shall be recommended by the Board. 
The power to discipline employees resides with the Director-General. Appeals on 
the decision of the Director-General may be submitted to the Board for reconsideration. 
Decisions of the Regional Directors may be appealed to the Director-General. 
ARTICLE V 
FINANCE 
SEC. 12. Sources of Funds. Subject to the rules on government auditing, the 
equivalent of fifty percent (50%) of its total annual revenue collections arising from 
registration of motor vehicles, licensing of drivers, franchising and other miscellaneous 
transactions shall be retained by the Authority to pay for its annual operations and capital 
expenditures. Under this section, the Authority is also hereby allowed to undertake the 
following: 
(a) Funds generated from its own special projects not arising from its regular 
functions shall be retained by the authority for employees’ welfare, subject to the 
approval by the Board. 
(b) The Authority is authorized to contract loans, credits and other indebtedness as it 
may deem necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act. The obligations shall be 
the sole liability of the Authority unless guaranteed by the Republic of the 
Philippines. 
(c) Revenue generated from fines and penalties, including proceeds from public sale 
arising from law enforcement activities, shall be retained by the Authority for its 
operational and maintenance requirements. 
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(d) The collection of motor vehicle registration fees shall be reinstated to defmy 
operational costs and maintenance of national regional facilities. 
(e) The Director-General shall, every year, prepare and adopt estimates of income 
and expenditures and capital budget for the ensuing year. Its annual budget shall 
be submitted to the Board for approval. 
SEC. 13. Exemption from Taxes and Duties. The importation of equipment, 
machineries, software accessories and materials used directly in the operation of the 
Authority and which are otherwise not available locally on favorable terms, are exempted 
from all direct and indirect taxes, duties, fees, imposts and other charges and restrictions, 
the provisions of existing laws to the contrary notwithstanding. Provided, that, when the 
Authority disposes of such equipment, machineries, software, accessories and materials, 
the buyer of the same shall pay to the government the corresponding taxes and duties as 
assessed by the Bureau of Internal Revenue and Bureau of Customs. 
ARTICLE VI 
REGULATION OF PUBLIC UTILITY VEHICLES 
SEC. 14. Administrative Permits. Notwithstanding the provision of any law to 
the contrary, the issuance of permits to operate public utility vehicles shall be 
administratively processed based on rules and regulations/guidelines that the Authority 
shall promulgate within 60 days, subject to the approval of the Board. 
Without prejudice to the provisions of R.A. 7160, otherwise known as the Local 
Government Code of 1991, the permit to operate public utility vehicles shall be issued by 
the Authority. 
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SEC. 15. Operation of Public Utili& Vehicles. No motor vehicle shall be 
operated as a public conveyance or for hire without possessing a valid and subsisting 
franchise and/or permits issued by the Authority. 
All existing franchises and permits issued prior to the effectivity of this Act shall 
remain valid up to the date of its expiry as indicated in the certificate or permit. Any 
subsequent transaction related thereto shall now be processed and issued pursuant to the 
rules and regulations of the Authority. 
SEC. 16. Rate Fixing. For purposes of fixing of rates of public utility vehicles, 
the Director-General shall undertake the necessary studies, after due consultation with the 
involved sectors, and recommend the same to the Board for approval, 
SEC. 17. Appeals. Any decision related to the issuance of permits and orders in 
whatever form by the Director-General may be appealed to the Board within fifteen (15) 
days from the date of receipt. Decisions and orders issued by officials properly delegated 
to issue permits may be appealed to the Director-General within fifteen (15) days from 
date of receipt. 
In all cases where the aggrieved parties are not satisfied with the resolution of the 
Authority, such decisions may be appealed to the President of the Philippines for final 
administrative disposition. 
Any decision related to the issuance of permits or any other orders in whatever 
form by the appropriate officials of the LTA may be appealed in the following manner: 
1. Decisions or orders of the Director-General appealable to the Board within a 
period of 15 days computed from the date of receipt of said decision appealed 
from. The decision of the Board shall be final and executory. 
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2. Decisions of Regional Executive Director to issue permits for P W  pursuant to 
the immediately preceding paragraph may be appealed to the Director-General 
within a period of 15 days from receipt of the decision being appealed from. 
SEC. 18. Author& to Impose Penalties. The Director-General is hereby 
empowered to impose penalties and sanctions in the form of cancellation, revocation, 
suspension, fines and other forms of penalties allowable by law, or any combination 
thereof, for violations of the terms and conditions of the permit. Subject to the approval 
of the Board, the Director-General shall promulgate a set of guidelines containing he 
administrative procedures in the imposition of sanctions, including the schedule of 
penalties. 
ARTZCLE VII 
DISPOSITIQN OF SEIZED VEHICLE COMPONENTS AND ACCESSORIES 
SEC. 19. Disposition of Impounded Vehicles. AU motor vehicles impounded, 
including the confiscated accessories, and which are abandoned by their owners for 
failure to pay the fines and/or serve the penalties imposed thereon within six (6) months, 
shall be sold and disposed of by the Authority in public auction under the following 
conditions: 
(a) The owners of said impounded vehicles shall be given appropriate written 
notice on the auction sale with the option to redeem said property after paying all charges 
within fifteen (15) days from receipt of such notice, or to participate in the public auction. 
The proceeds of the public auction shall be applied to all liens, fines, fees and penalties 
accruing in favor of the Authority provided that the remainder shall be returned to the 
registered owner. 
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(b) An impounded vehicle without a known owner or lawful claimant, or after 
three notices in newspapers of national circulation, shall be sold at public auction after 
publication of the notice of public sale. The proceeds thereof shall be applied to the lien 
of the government with the remaining amount credited to the Authority for use in its law 
enforcement activities. 
ARTICLE W 
TRANSITORY PROVISIONS 
SEC. 20. Abofiiion. The Land Transportation Office, the Land Transportation 
Franchising and Regulatory Board, and the Office of Transport Cooperatives in the 
Department of Transportation and Communications as well as TMG of the PNP and 
Traffic Enforcement Group of the MMDA are hereby abolished. Properties, assets and 
liabilities, all powers and duties, rights and courses of actions, vested by law or exercised 
by said abolished offices and its predecessors are hereby transferred to the Authority. 
SEC. 21. Holdover Functions. To ensure smooth transition into the structure of 
the Authority, all officers and employees of the defunct LTO, LTFRB, OTC, TMG of the 
PNP and the TEG of MMDA shall continue to exercise their usual functions, duties and 
responsibilities unless otherwise directed. 
The Authority shall ensure that all present employees of the abolished agencies 
shall be accommodated without diminution of their salaries as a result of the 
reorganization. Officials and employees who opt to retire during the reorganization shall 
receive, in addition to retirement benefits and pensions granted under existing retirement 
laws, an additional two (2) months salary for every year of service. An amount 
corresponding to the retirement benefits of all employees opting to retire shall be held in 
reserve by the National Treasury to pay for this purpose. Provided, That employees who 
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have opted to retire and who have received retirement benefits will no longer be eligible 
for employment in the Authority. 
SEC. 
22. Saving Clause. All orders, rules, regulations, permit, licenses, 
decisions and privileges which have been issued, made, granted or allowed to become 
effective by the former LTO, LTFRB, OTC, TMG of PNP and TEG of MMDA or its 
predecessors, shall continue to be in effect according to their terms until modified, 
terminated, superseded, set aside or repealed. 
ARTICLE M 
PENAL AND OTHER PROVISIONS 
SEC. 23. Penal& for violations. The Authority, subject to the approval of the 
Board, shall issue guidelines and the schedule of fines and penalties for violations 
committed under this Act. 
SEC. 24. Punishment for Other Offenses. The conviction of any person for any 
offense under this Act shall not bar his prosecution for any other offenses which may 
have been committed by such person concurrently with the commission of the offense of 
which he was convicted or in doing the act or series of acts which constituted the offense 
of which he was convicted. 
SEC. 25. Duly of Clerks of Court. It is hereby made the duty of clerks of the 
regional trial courts and municipal trial courts trying traffic violation cases to certify to 
the Authority the result of any case, whether criminal or civil, involving violations of any 
provisions of this Act, or other laws and ordinances relating to motor vehicles. Said 
certificates shall specifically contain the name of the driver or owner of the vehicle 
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involved, his address, the number of his license and/or the certificate of registration of his 
vehicle, the date thereof and the offense for which he was convicted or acquitted. 
ARTICLE X 
COLLECTION OF FEES, TAXES AND FINES, LIENS, ALLOTMENT OF 
FUNDS 
SEC. 26. Collection of Fees; National and Local Taxes; Toll Fees. The 
collection of all fees, taxes and fines, under the provisions of this Act shall be made in 
accordance with the regulations to be prescribed by the Authority, subject to the approval 
of the Board. 
a) No taxes or fees other than those prescribed in this Act shall be imposed for the 
registration or operation or on the ownership of any motor vehicle, or for the exercise of 
the profession of driver, by any local government, the provisions of any charter to the 
contrary notwithstanding; provided, however, that any provincial board, city or municipal 
council or board or other competent authority may enact or collect such reasonable and 
equitable toll fees for the use of such bridges and ferries within their respective 
jurisdiction as may be authorized and approved by the proper authorities, and also for the 
use of such public roads as may be authorized by the President of the Philippines upon 
the recommendation of the proper authority. 
b) Lien Upon Motor Vehicles. Any balance of fees for registration, renewal 
registration or delinquent registration of a motor vehicle remaining unpaid and all fines 
imposed upon any vehicle owner shall constitute a first lien upon the motor vehicle 
concerned. The Director-General is hereby vested with the authority to issue a warrant of 
constructive or actual distraint or levy to any owner of a motor vehicle who has any 
balance of fees for registration, renewal or delinquent registration of a motor vehicle 
remaining unpaid which upon demand by the Director-General or his deputies executing 
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such warrant, the owner of the vehicle shall surrender the same at the time demanded, 
except when the attachment or execution is under any judicial process. Any owner who 
fails or refuses to surrender any such property or vehicle shall he punished by a fine not 
exceeding the amount of the fees, including penalties and interests, if any, for the 
collection of which such warrant has been issued, together with the cost and interest, if 
any, until surrendered. 
ARTICLE X 
FINAL PROVISION 
SEC. 27. No local government shall enact or enforce any ordinance or resolution 
in conflict with the provisions of this Act, or prohibit any deputy or agent of the 
Authority to enforce this Act within their respective territorial jurisdiction, the provisions 
of any charter to the contrary notwithstanding. 
SEC. 28. Appropdations. To carry out effectively the provisions of this Act 
during the transition period, the amount equivalent to thirty five percent (35%) of the 
collection for the year is hereby appropriated in addition to the appropriations provided in 
the General Appropriation Act for the LTO, LTFRB, OTC, TMG and TEG. 
SEC. 29. Separability Clause. If for any reason, any section or provision of this 
Act is declared to be unconstitutional or invalid, the other sections or provisions hereof 
which are not affected shall continue to be in full force and effect. 
SEC. 30. Repealing Clause. All acts, decrees, orders, and instructions, or parts 
thereof, inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are repealed and modified 
accordingly. 
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SEC. 31. Bflectlly. This act shall take effect thirty (30) days after approval and 
publication in the Official Gazette. 
Approved, 
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