Republic of the Philippines
HOUSH 0F REPRESENTATIVHS
Quezon City, Metro Manila
NINETHENTH CONGRESS
Second Regular Session
HOusEBILLNO.jm8
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Introduced by Representative DANTE S. GARCIA
EXPLANATORY NOTE
Article  11  Section  16  of the  Constitution  provides  that  the  State  shall  protect  and
advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm
and harmony of nature. In pursuit of this constitutional mandate, the Republic Act 75 86 known
as  the  National  Integrated  Protected  Areas  System  (NIPAS)  Act  of  1992,  subsequently
amended  by  RA  11038  titled  the  Expanded  National  Integrated  Protected  Areas  System
(ENIPAS) Act of 2018, was enacted. This stems from the understanding that human activities
substantially impact various facets of the environment. Factors such as the consequences of
population growth, resource utilization, and industrial development underscore the need for
safeguarding and preserving our natural ecosystems. This is particularly crucial in places with
unique biophysical characteristics that play a vital role in the well-being and progress of both
human and plant and animal life.
As defined in RA 11038, Protected Areas refer to specific areas of land and/or water
that have been set aside for protection due to their exceptional physical features and biological
diversity. These areas are safeguarded against harmful human exploitation. The primary goal
in  establishing  such  sites  is  to  preserve  the  area's  ecological  integrity  through  effective
management to ensure its continued provision of ecosystem services.
The Naguilian Protected Landscape (NPL), characterized by undulating to moderately
rolling uplands with rugged hills and mountainous terrain, serves as a habitat for diverse flora
and fauna within the municipality. It is found that it harbors one hundred ninety-five (195)
plant species, belonging to one hundred sixty-nine (169) genera and grouped into seventy-six
(76)  families.  Among  these,  one  hundred  thirty-three  (133)  species  or  the  68.210/o  are
indigenous,  and twenty-four (24) are endemic to the Philippines (12.31%).  Notably, one of
these endemic species, S/7.o#g)/Joc7o#j#c}7zgo#zcr/ezz.I. Hadsall, Alejado & Cajano, is so far found


found to be exclusively thriving in Quezon Province. Further, recent fieldworks in the NPL
has led to the identification of a new distribution record for j4m);e"¢ sp., a mistletoe species.
Furthermore,   the   landscape   hosts   a   total   of   100   terrestrial   vertebrate   species,
distributed across  85  genera and  52  families.  Birds  comprise  66%,  reptiles  17%,  mammals
12%,  and  amphibians  5°/o,  with  27%  of  these  terrestrial  species  being  endemic  to  the
Philippines.
These findings underscore the high likelihood of undocumented species with potential
economic  significance  within  the  91-hectare  NPL.  Hence,  ensuring  the  sustainability  of
Naguilian's unique biological diversity is of paramount importance. This bill aims to establish
a  framework  for  the  institutionalized  conservation  and  protection  of  the  NPL  through
proficient and effective management in accordance with RA 11038.
In view hereof, the immediate passage of this bill is earnestly requested.


Republic of the Philippines
HOUSH OF REPRESENTATIVES
Quezon City, Metro Manila
NINETEENTH CONGRESS
Second Regular Session
HoUSEBILLNo.    i0036
Introduced by Representative DANTE S. GARCIA
AN ACT
DECLARING     AND     DESIGNATING     NAGUILIAN     WATERSHED     FOREST
RESHRVE,  SITUATED WITHIN THE MUNICIPALITY OF NAGUILIAN  IN THE
PROVINCH 0F LA UNION AS A PROTECTED AREA UNDER THH CATEGORY OF
PROTECTED   LANDSCAPE   PURSUANT   T0   THE   NATIONAL   INTEGRATED
PROTECTED   AREA   sysTEM   OrlpAs>,   TO   BE   REFERRED   TO   As   THE
NAGUILIAN PROTECTED LANDSCAPE, PROVIDING FOR ITS MANAGEMENT,
AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR
Be  it  enacted by the  Senate  and the  House  Of Representatives  Of the  Philippines  in
Congress assembled:
ARTICLE I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
1                    SECTloN  1.  Sfoorf  rjf/c.-This  Act  shall  be  known  as  the  "Naguilian  Protected
2       Landscape(NPL)Act."
3
4                    SHC.  2. Dcc/arm/I.oH a/PoJl.c}7.-Recognizing the profound impact of human activities
5      on various components of the natural environment, especially the consequences arising from
6      population growth, resource exploitation, and industrial advancement, and acknowledging the
7      critical  importance  of  safeguarding  and  preserving  the  natural,  biological,  and  physical
8      diversities of the environment, particularly in areas characterized by unique features essential
9      for sustaining human life and development, as well as the well-being of plant and animal life,
10      it is hereby declared as the policy of the state to ensure, for the benefit of the Filipino people,
11      both present and future generations, the perpetual existence of all native plants and animals
12      through the establishment of protected areas under the "National Integrated protected Areas
13       Systemo{IPAS).
14


In recognition of the richness of the biological resources, encompassing both flora and
fauna, native and distinct to Naguilian, as well as their aesthetic and ecological importance, a
parcel of land situated in the municipality of Naguilian in the Province of La Union covering
the  Naguilian  Watershed  Forest  Reserve,  is  hereby  declared  a  protected  area  with  the
designation  of a protected  landscape,  and henceforth  shall  be referred to  as  the Naguilian
Protected Landscape (NPL).  As such, the  State assumes the responsibility for ensuring the
conservation, protection, and management of the said area. Furthermore, it is acknowledged
that  effective  administration  of this  area  is  achievable  only  through  collaborative  efforts
involving   the   national   government,   local   government   units   (LGUs),   concerned   non-
govemmental organizations (NGOs), private entities, and local communities. The utilization
and enjoyment of this area must be in conformity with the principles of biological diversity
and sustainable development.
Towards  this  end,  the  State  shall  ensure the  comprehensive  implementation  of this
Act, the mobilization of resources to support the institutional mechanisms herein established,
and the provision of complete scientific and technical support necessary for the conservation
of biodiversity and the preservation of the integrity of ecosystems,  culture,  and indigenous
practices.
SLLC. 3. Def inition Of Terms.-Ais used .in This Aut..
(a)  Bz.a/ogz.ccz/   dz.vcrsz.fy   or   bz.odj-versz.fy   refers   to   the   variability   among   living
organisms  from  all  sources  including,  I.#fer  a/I.¢,  terrestrial,  marine  and  other
aquatic  ecosystems  and  the  ecological  complexes  of which  they  are  part;  this
includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems;
(b) Bwjj7el r zo72es refers to identified areas outside the boundaries of and immediately
adjacent to protected areas that need special development control in order to avoid
or minimize harm to the protected area;
(c)  Co72servcztz.o# refers to any act or acts of preservation and sustainable utilization of
wildlife or maintenance, restoration and enhancement of habitats;
(d) Indigenous Cultural Community (1CC)/Indigenous People (IP) rofels to a, groap o£
people   sharing   common   bonds   of  language,   customs   traditions,   and   other
distinctive   cultural   traits,   and  who   have,   since   time   immemorial   occupied,
possessed and utilized a territory;
(e) IVczfj.o#¢/  pczrk  refers  to  land  of  the  public  domain  classified  as  such  in  the
Constitution which includes all areas under the NIPAS, primarily designated for
the conservation of native plants and animals, their associated habitats and cultural
diversity;


(D  PJ`ofecfed  aJ'ea  refers  to  identified  portions  of land  and/or  water  set  aside  by
reason of their unique physical and biological significance, managed to enhance
biological diversity and protected against destructive human exploitation;
(g) Profecfed   /&#dscape   refers   to   areas    of   national   significance   which   are
characterized  by  the  harmonious  interaction  of man  and  land  and  water  while
providing  opportunities  for  public  enjoyment  through  recreation,  tourism,  and
other economic activities ;
(h)  re#wred  mz.grczJcts  refer  to  protected  area  occupants  who  have  been  actually,
continuously and presently occupying a portion of the protected area for five (5)
years before the proclamation or law establishing the same as a protected area, and
are solely dependent therein for subsistence.
sHc.  4. CJ¢ssiJicorfow as a Ivfl#.o#¢/ P¢r4.-All lands of the public domain within the
coverage and scope of NPL shall fall under the classification of national park as provided for
in Article XII, Section 3 of the Constitution.
sEc.  5. Scapc ¢md CotJcr¢ge.-The boundaries of NPL is more particularly described
as the area begiming at a point marked "1" on the map, being S 68-41-36 E, 3018.321 meters
from   PRS92   Control   Monument   "LUN-3059"   with   geographic   coordinates    16°   33'
42.73798"   Latitude,   120°   24'   08.44561"   Longitude   located  at  Barangay   Guising   Sur,
Naguilian, La Union,
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N 6-57-19 E
N 7-36-52 W
N 30-26-28 E
N 31-31-6 E
N  82-48-38 E
N 73-22-56 E
N 58-55-37 E
N 65-23-49 E
S 42-53-29 E
N 40-13-2 E
N  17-24-46 E
N 24-54-43 E
53.432        meters to comer     2;
89.629        meters to comer     3;
213.402       meterstocomer     4;
148.639       meterstocomer     5;
225.384       meterstocomer     6;
75.92         meters to comer     7;
149.644       meterstocomer     8;
80.982        meters to comer     9;
393.372       meters to comer
134.643       meters to comer
119.791        meters to comer
141.717       meters to comer


e
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S 42-59-30 E
S 27-20-54 W
S 49-2942 W
S 7-18-2 W
S 23-57-33 W
S 34-58-9 W
S 48-29-42 W
S 48-4949 W
S 82-18-23 W
S 59-37-50 W
N 89-8-11  W
N 68-40-13 W
N 65-5-56 W
N  10-27-18 E
361.507       meters to comer
151.568       meters to comer
56.051         meters to comer
124,104       meters to comer
226.314       meters to comer
103.173       meters to comer
129.658       meters to comer
27.644        meters to comer
136.986       meters to comer
126.696       meters to comer
79.983        meters to comer
329.62        meters to comer
397.434      meters to comer
78.406        meters to comer     1,
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the point of beginning containing an area of ninety-one (91) hectares, more or less. Bearings
and  distance  of lines  were  derived  using  PRS92,  Philippine  Zone  Ill  coordinate  system,
subject to actual gourd demarcation.
sE:c.    6.  Establishment  Of  Buffler  Zones.-TtLe  Seorctary   of  the  Dapa.rtrrLerit  o£
Environment  and  Natural  Resources  (DENR),  upon  the  recommendation  of the  Protected
Area Management Board (PAMB) created under Section 7 of this Act, may designate areas
surrounding the NPL as buffer zones for the purpose of providing an extra layer of protection
where restrictions may be applied. Provz.dad, That, in cases where the designated buffer zone
would cover private lands, the owners thereof shall be required to design their development
with due consideration to the protected area management plan.
ARTICLE 11
MAI`IAGHMENT MECHANISMS


sE:c. 7. Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) .-:V`Jithin r[inftry (90D days from
the effectivity of this Act, a Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) shall be created to
oversee the management of the NPL. The PAMB shall be composed of the following:
(a)  The DENR Regional Executive Director for Region 1, as Chairperson;
(b) The   Governor   of  the   Province   of  La   Union,   or   histher   duly   designated
representative;
(c)  Senators of the Republic of the Philippines who are duly registered residents of La
Union,  or their duly designated representatives,  unless  the  Senators  decline  the
membership in the PAMB;
(d) The Representative of the Second Congressional District of La Union, or his/her
duly  designated  representative,  unless  the  District  Representative  declines  the
membership in the PAMB;
(e)  The Mayor of Naguilian, or histher duly designated representative;
(I)  The Punong Barangay of each barangay with territorial jurisdiction over NPL;
(g) The Department of Agriculture (DA) Regional Executive Director for Region  1,
or histher designated official representative;
(h) The  Regional  Director,  or a  designated  official  representative,  of the  following
government agencies for Region 1, namely: the Department of National Defense -
Office   of  Civil  Defense   (DND-OCD),   the  National  Economic  Development
Authority (NEDA), the Philippine National Police (PNP), and the Department of
Science and Technology (DOST);
(i)  Three  (3)  representatives  from  either  non-government  organizations  (NGO)  or
People's   Organizations   (PO),   duly   accredited   both   by   the   DENR   and   the
provincial   government.   The  NGO   or  PO  represented   should  have  been  in
existence for at least five (5) years and with track record in or related to protected
area management;
¢.)  At least one (1) but not more than three (3) representatives from all the ICCsITPs
present  in the  area  and recognized by the National  Commission on  Indigenous
Peoples O{CIP);
(k) One (1) representative from an academic institution, preferably from a university
or college  in the  Province  of La Union,  with a record of accomplishment  in or
related to protected area management and biodiversity conservation; and
(I)  One (1) representative from the private sector, preferably a resident of La Union,
who   is   distinguished   in   a  profession  or  field  of  interest  relevant  to  NPL
management.
The  terms  of office  of members  of the  PAMB,  as  well  as  the  grounds  for  their
removal  shall  be  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of Republic  Act No  7586,  otherwise
known  as  the  "National  Integrated Protected Areas  System Act  of 1992",  as  amended by
Republic Act No.  11038, otherwise known as the "Expanded National Integrated Protected
Areas System Act of 2018".


sEc.   8.  Powers  ¢"d  Fw#cfr.o#s  a/ £foe P4A4B.-The  NPL  PAMB  shall  have  the
following powers and functions :
(a)  Oversee the management of the NPL;
(b) Approve policies,  plans  and programs,  proposals,  agreements,  and other related
documents for the management of the NPL;
(c) Approve   the   management  plan   of  NPL   and   ensure   its   halmonization   and
integration with the Ancestral Domains Sustainable Development and Protection
Plan  (ADSDPP),  land use plan and other development plans,  public  or private,
and its implementation;
(d) Adopt  a manual  of operations  to  include  rules  of procedures  in  the  conduct  of
business, and the creation of committees and their respective terms of reference;
(e)  Recommend  the  deputation  of  appropriate  agencies  and  individuals   for  the
enforcement of the laws, rules and regulations governing the management of NPL;
(D  Allocate flnancial resources for the implementation of the management plan, and
manage NPL Protected Area Retention Income Account (PARIA) and other funds
in accordance with the accounting and budgeting rules and regulations;
(g)  Set fees and charges in accordance with existing guidelines;
(h) Issue rules and regulations for the resolution of conflicts through appropriate and
effective means;
(i)  Recommend  appropriate  policy  changes  to  the  DENR  and  other  goverrment
authorities;
0.)  Monitor and assess the performance of the Protected Area Superintendent (PASu)
and   other  NPL  personnel   and  compliance   of  partners  with  the  terms   and
conditions of any undertaking, contract or agreement;
(k) Recommend  from  among  a  shortlist  of qualified  candidates,  the  designation  or
appointment of the PASu; and
(1)  Assess the effectiveness of the management of NPL: P7-ovz.ded, That the members
of the  management  board  representing  the  LGUs  and  national  agencies  in  the
PAMB  shall  inform  their  respective  constituents,  offices  or  sectors,  of PAMB
approved or other relevant policies, rules, regulations, programs, and projects and
shall  ensure  that  the  provisions  of  this  Act  and  its  implementing  rules  and
regulations  are  complied  with,  and  used  as  reference  and  framework  in  their
respective  plans,  policies,  programs,  and  projects.  Failure  to  comply  with  the
foregoing shall be the basis for disciplinary action against such member according
to  administrative  rules  and  regulations  and  such  penalties  as  the  PAMB  may
provide;  Provided,  further,  That  the  DENR,  through  the  Regional  Executive
Director,  shall  ensure  that  the  PAMB  acts  within  the  scope  of its  powers  and
functions. In case of conflict between the resolutions issued by the PAMB and the
existing administrative orders or national application, the latter shall prevail.
sELc.    9.  The  Protected  Area  Management  Of f ij.ce   (PAMO).-There  is  heredy
established  a  PAMO  to  be  headed  by  a  Protected  Area  Superintendent  (PASu)  with  a


permanent plantilla position who shall supervise the day to day management, protection and
administration  of  NPL.  A  sufficient  number  of  support  staff  with  pemanent  plantilla
positions shall likewise be appointed by the DENR to assist the PASu in the management of
the protected area.
The  PASu  shall  be  primarily  accountable  to  the  PAMB  and  the  DENR  for  the
management and operations of the NPL. Pursuant thereto, the PASu shall have the following
duties and responsibilities :
(a)  Prepare the management plan, in consultation with the stakeholders, including the
annual work and financial plan and ensure its implementation;
(b) Ensure  the   integration  of  the  protected  area  management  plans,  programs,
projects, and policies with relevant national and LGUs' plans and programs;
(c)  Provide  secretariat  services  to  the  PAMB  and  its  committees  and  ensure  the
availability of relevant and timely information for decision-making;
(d) Formulate  and recommend  to  the  PAMB  proposed policies,  rules,  regulations,
and programs;
(e)  Establish, operate, and maintain a database management system which shall be an
important basis for decision-making;
(D  Enforce the laws, rules and regulations relevant to the protected area, commence
and   institute   administrative   and   legal   actions   in   collaboration   with   other
government agencies  or organizations,  and assist in the prosecution of offenses
committed in violation of the provisions of this Act;
(g) Monitor,  evaluate,  and  report  the  implementation  of management  activities  of
NPL;
(h) Request  for  and  receive  any  technical  assistance,  support  or  advice  from  any
agency  or  instrumentality  of the  government  as  well  as  academic  institutions,
NGOs, and the private sector, as may be necessary for the effective management,
protection and administration of NPL;
(i)  Issue permits and clearances for activities that implement the management plan
and  other  permitted  activities  in  accordance  with  the  terms,  conditions,  and
criteria established  by the  PAMB:  Provz.ded,  That all pemits  for extraction  of
natural   resources,   including   collection   of  wildlife,   and   its   by-products   or
derivatives   for  research   purposes,   shall   continue   to   be   issued  by  relevant
authorities,  subject  to  prior  clearance  from  the  PAMB,  through  the  PASu,  in
accordance with the specific acts to be covered;
¢)  Collect and receive pertinent fees, charges, donations,  and other income for the
protected area:  Provz.did,  That such  fees,  charges,  donations,  and other income
collected and received shall be reported regularly to the PAMB and the DENR in
accordance with existing guidelines;
(k) Prepare and recommend to the PAMB, approval of the annual work and financial
plans of NPL based on the management plan;


(1)  Exact and collect administrative  fees  and fines,  for violations  of Section 21  of
ENIPAS Act, as amended, and other related guidelines, rules and regulations on
protected areas and biodiversity conservation;
(in)Issue permits for the use of facilities and amenities, except for those considered as
special uses, as defined in ENIPAS Act of 2018;
(n) Recommend actions for cutting permit for planted trees solely for the traditional
and subsistence uses by ICCs/Ips and tenured migrants,  of up to five  (5)  cubic
meters per applicant per year.  Provided, that PACBRMA holders with affirmed
Community-based Resouree Management Plan shall no longer be issued cutting
permits. Provided further, that the total volume cut shall not exceed the limits set
by the PAMB, and that the location of the cutting is within the appropriate site
within the Multiple-Use Zone (MUZ);
(o) Process applications for Certiflcate of origin and/or transport permits, for natural
resources  and  other  products  collected/gathered  from  the  protected  area,   in
accordance  with  the  resource  use  instruments/agreement,   gratuitous  permits,
issued by the PAMB and/or as the case may be, with the ADSDPP or the CCP of
Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICCs)ITPs;
(p) Examine,    assess    and   process    SAPA   applications    ensuring    that    all    the
preconditions and requirements are met including the collection of fees and bond;
(q) Facilitate  the  SAPA  application  of existing  facilities  and  structures  which  are
found to be consistent with the management objectives of the protected area, as
well  as  the  conversion  of existing  Memorandum  of Agreement  (MOAs)  into
SAPA;
(r)  Release the SAPA to the proponent upon confirmation of the payment of SAPA
fee;
(s)  Effect the suspension, cancellation or termination of SAPA. The PASu shall also
cause  the  re-opening  of the  subject  area  to  new  applications  for  special  use
projects;
(t)  Review and evaluate the status, progress, and operations of SAPAs at the end of
25 years;
(u) Assist the PAMB in the conduct of monitoring the proponent's compliance with
the provisions of the SAPA thni periodic review and evaluation every 5 years;
(v) Facilitate the review of the sufficiency of the rehabilitation plan and bond every 5
years and as necessary;
(w) Monitor the environmental programs and/or projects  implemented,  and services
rendered by the SAPA proponent, if any;
(x) Review  all  existing  land  use  and  resource  use  permits  in  relation  to  the  PA
management plan; and,
(y) Perform such other functions as the PAMB and the DENR may assign.
The  PAMO  may  be  augmented  by  the  deputized  local  environment  and  natural
resources offlcers upon the recommendation of the PAMB and approval of the DENR.
ARTICLH Ill


PROCEEDS AND FEES
s;ELc.  10. The  Naguilian  Protected Landscape Integrated Protected Area  Fund.-
There is hereby established a trust fund to be known as the Naguilian Protected Landscape
Integrated Protected Area Fund (NPL-IPAF) for purposes of financing projects of the NPL
and the NIPAS.  All  income generated from the operation  of the system or management of
wild flora and fauna in the NPL shall accrue to NPL-IPAF. The income shall be derived from
fees from visitors/tourists, permitted sale and export of flora and fauna and other allowable
use  of resources  from  the  protected  area,  proceeds  from  Special  Use  in  Protected  Area
(SAPA)  in  multiple-use  zone  for  tourism  concessions,  communication  and  transmission
facilities,  power generation projects,  large  scale  agriculture  and aquaculture enterprise  and
other contributions from industries and facilities directly  benefiting from the protected area,
and other fees and income derived from the operation of NPL.
The PAMB shall retain seventy-five percent (75%) of all revenues raised through the
above means, which shall be deposited in the Protected Area Retained Income Account (PA-
RIA)  in  any  authorized  government  depository  bank  within  the  locality:  Provz.cJed,  That
disbursements  out  of such  deposits  shall  be  used  solely  for  the  protection,  maintenance,
administration, and management of NPL and implementation of duly approved projects of the
PAMB. The remaining twenty-five percent (25%) of revenues shall be deposited as a special
account in the general fund in the National Treasury for purposes of financing the programs
and projects of the NIPAS.
The fund may be augmented by grants, donations, endowment from various sources,
domestic or foreign for puiposes related to their functions. Provz.dad, That the fund shall be
deposited as a special account in the national treasury and disbursements there from shall be
made solely for the protection, maintenance, administration and management of the NPL, and
duly approved projects endorsed by the PAMB in accordance with existing accounting and
budgeting rules and regulations: Provz.did, /wrffecr, That no amount shall be disbursed for the
operating expenses of the Department and other concerned agencies.
The LGUs shall continue to impose and collect all other fees not enumerated herein
which they have traditionally collected, such as business permits, property tax and rentals of
LGUs'  facilities.  Furthermore,  LGUs  may charge  add-ons  to  fees  imposed by the PAMB:
Provided, that such add-ons shall be determined based on the contribution of the LGUs in the
maintenance and preservation of the protected area.
ARTICLE IV
TRANSITORY AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
sEc.   11. J4pprapri.afro#s.-The  Secretary of the DENR shall immediately include  in
the  Department's  program the  implementation  of this  Act,  the  funding  of which  shall  be
included in the Annual General Appropriations Act.


sEic. L2. Suppletory Application Of the NIPAS Law.-The provisions o£ T`aphoho ALct
No.  7586, as amended by the Republic Act No.  11038,  shall have suppletory application to
this Act.
sE:c.   L3. Implementing Rules  and Regulations.-:V\JI+him r[inety  (90) days from the
effectivity  of this  Act,  the  Secretary  of the  DENR  shall,  in  consultation  with  the  local
goverrment of the municipality of Naguilian, the Provincial Government of La Union, and
concerned national  government agencies,  issue the  corresponding rules  and regulations  for
the effective implementation of this Act.
sEc.     i4.  Scp¢r¢bJ./rty  CJ¢wse.-If  any  section  or  provision  of  this  Act  is  held
unconstitutional  or invalid,  the remaining  sections  or provisions not affected thereby  shall
continue to be in full force and effect.
sHc.    15.  Rcpc¢/I.Hg  C7¢wsc.  -All  laws,  decrees,  letters  of instruction,  executive
orders, rules and regulations and other issuances or parts thereof inconsistent with this Act
are hereby repealed or modified accordingly.
sEc.  16. E/Tectr.vz.OLThis Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in
the OJ7ij}cz.cz/ Gczze#e or in a newspaper of general circulation.
Approved,