? 
iiCT 16 ;!F:;:f) 
FOURTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC ) 
OF THE PHILIPPINES 
1 
First Regular Session 
) 
SENATE 
S. No. 174r) 
Introduced by Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago 
EXPLANATORY NOTE 
The fire that struck Great Eastern Hotel and claimed the life of the DILG 
Provincial Director of Ilocos Sur last 3 May 2007 showed once again the negligence and 
imprudence of government officials and owners of the burned establishment. It is evident 
that we have never learned from the lessons of the very recent years. The following are 
gruesome examples of such instances: 1) The Ozone disco fire in 1996 that killed one 
hundred sixty-two (162); 2) the settlement house in fire in Paco and the Lung Center fire 
in Quezon City both in 1998, which killed twenty-eight (28) and twenty-five (25) people, 
respectively; 3) the Manor Hotel fire in 18 August 2001 which claimed the lives of at 
least seventy-four (74) people; 4) the fire that gutted Li Seng Giap Building in Binondo, 
Manila in 24 December 2002 killing two persons; and 5) the Popong's Suerte Mart fire in 
2 October 2004 at San Fernando, Pampanga that killed eight (8) persons. 
Investigations and reports revealed that the primary reason for the above 
mentioned fire tragedies were caused by the laxity in the enforcement of the building 
safety and fire laws, particularly the Fire Code of the Philippines and its Implementing 
Rules and Regulations, and related ordinances. It is claimed that this laxity and 
indifference of the public officers in the enforcement of the fire laws is due to the lesser 
degree of their accountability, as provided in the aforesaid laws. 
Considering that the Fire Code does not provide for penalties against erring and 
negligent public officers, the sanctions that could be meted to them would be at most 
administrative, even though their negligence has resulted to death or destruction of 
properties. To prosecute them under the Penal Code would be like rolling a boulder using 
a bamboo stick. 
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It is imperative then, that Congress institute measures which shall strengthen the 
accountability of the public officers entrusted with the duty of implementing the Fire 
Code. Public interest demands that stricter penalties shall be imposed, not only upon the 
owner, administrator, occupant and other persons responsible for the condition of the 
building, structure and their premises or facilities but also the public officers concerned. 
The country can never afford to experience the same fatal tragedy on account of a public 
officer’s negligence, malfeasance or misfeasance to his duties. 
This bill proposes to amend the Fire Code of the Philippines by providing not 
only administrative sanctions, but criminal penalties as well, to the acts or omissions of a 
public officer, when the same, either through negligence or malice resulted to, or failed to 
prevent the loss of life and/ or damage to property. In addition, it provides for a stringent 
measure against the owner, administrator, occupant or persons responsible for the 
condition of the building structure and their premises or facilities who violate the code, 
its Implementing Rules and Regulations and other related laws, to ensure the safety and 
security of the public. 


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FOURTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC ) 
First Regular Session 
OF THE PHILIPPINES 
7 n u  16 
51 5 :a 
Introduced by Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago 
AN ACT 
AMENDING PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 11 85, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE 
“FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES”, PROVIDING FOR EFFECTIVE 
IMPLEMENTATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES 
Be it enacted by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Philippines in 
Congress assembled: 
SECTION 1. Title. - This act shall be known as the “Revised Fire Code of the 
Philippines Act of 2007”. 
SECTION 2. Declaration of Policy. - It is the policy of the State to ensure public 
safety and promote economic development through the prevention and suppression of all 
kinds of destructive fires. Towards to this end, the State shall enforce all laws, rules and 
regulations to ensure adherence to standanl fire prevention and safety measures, and 
promote accountability for the fire safety in the fire protection service and in the 
community. 
SECTION 3. Sections 6, 10 and 12 of Presidential Decree No. 1185 otherwise 
known as the Fire Code of the Philippines are hereby amended to read as follows: 
SECTION 6. RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF THIS CODE 
- THIS CODE SHALL BE ADMINISTERED AND ENFORCED BY THE BUREAU 
OF FIRE PROTECTION (BFP), UNDER THE DIRECT SUPERVISION AND 
CONTROL OF THE BUREAU DIRECTOR, HEREINAFTER REFERED TO AS THE 
“DIRECTOR”, THROUGH THE HEIRARCHY OF ORGANIZATION DOWN TO 
THE LOCAL FIRE CHIEF AS PROVIDED FOR IN CHAPTER vr OF REPUBLIC 
ACT NO. 6975. WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE SECRETARY OF THE 


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DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (DILG), THE 
DIRECTOR IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED TO: 
[The Fire Service, under the direct supervision and control of the Director General 
of the Integrated National Police, hereinafter referred to as the “Director General” shall 
be responsible for the enforcement of this Code, as well as pertinent provisions of other 
laws pertaining to fire protection or fire safety with the approval of the Secretary of 
National Defense, the Director General is hereby authorized to:] 
a. Issue implementing rules and regulations, and prescribe administrative 
penalties therefore ; 
b. Reorganize the BFP (fire service of the Integrated National Police) as may be 
necessary and appropriate; 
c. Enter into long term agreement, either through public biddings or negotiations 
to include advance payments therefore, for the acquisition of fire prevention, 
fire protection and fire fighting equipment, supplies and materials and related 
technical services necessary for the Fire Service; [and] 
d. Enter to the Memoranda of Agreement with other departments, bureaus, 
agencies, offices and corporations o€ the government, as well as private 
institutions, in order to define areas of cooperation and delineate responsibility 
on fire prevention education, fire safety, fire prevention, fire suppression and 
other matters of common concern. 
E. CALL ON THE POLICE AND OTHER LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES 
TO RENDER NECESSARY ASSISTANCE IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF 
THIS CODE; 
F. INSPECT AT REASONABLE TIME, ANY BUILDING, STRUCTURE, 
INSTALLATION OR PREMISES FOR DANGEROUS OR HAZARDOUS 
CONDITIONS OR MATERIALS AS SET FORTH IN THIS CODE: 
PROVIDED THAT IN CASE OF RESIDENTIAL HOUSES, AN 
INSPECTION MUST BE UPON THE CONSENT OF THE OCCUPANT OR 
UPON LAWFUL ORDER FROM THE PROPER COURT. THE DIRECTOR 
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OR HIS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE SHALL ORDER THE 
OWNEWOCCUPANT TO REMOVE HAZARDOUS MATERIAL IN 
ACCORDANCE WITH THE STANDARDS SET BY THIS CODE OR ITS 
IMPLEMENTING RULES OR REGULATIONS OR OTHER PERTINENT 
LAWS; 
G. WHERE CONDITIONS EXIST AND ARE DEEMED HAZARDOUS TO 
LIFE AND PROPERTY, TO ORDER THE OWNEWOCCUPANT OF ANY 
BUILDING OR STRUCTURE TO SUMMARILY ABATE SUCH 
HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS; 
H. ISSUE A WRITTEN NOTICE TO THE OWNER AND OR CONTRACTOR 
TO STOP WORK ON PORTION OF ANY WORK WHICH IS IN 
VIOLATION OF THE PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS AS APPROVED 
BY THE DIRECTOR OR HIS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE. THE 
NOTICE SHALL STATE THE NATURE OF THE VIOLATION AND NO 
WORK SHALL BE CONTINUED ON THAT PORTION UNTIL THE 
VIOLATION HAD BEEN CORRECTED; AND 
I. DESIGNATE THE FIRE INSPECTOR WHO SHALL CONDUCT AN 
INSPECTION OF EVERY BUILDING OR STRUCTURE AT LEAST 
ONCE EVERY SIX (6) MONTHS AND EVERY TIME THE OWNER, 
ADMINISTRATOR OR OCCUPANT SHALL RENEW HIS OR HER 
OCCUPANCY PERMIT OR PERMIT TO OPERATE. 
NO OCCUPANCY PERMIT OR PERMIT TO OPERATE SHALL BE 
ISSUED WITHOUT SECURING A FIRE INSPECTION CERTIFICATE 
(FSIC) 
FROM 
THE 
DIRECTOR 
OR 
HIS 
AUTHORIZED 
REPRESENTATIVE. 
SECTION IO. VIOLATIONS, PENALTIES AND ABATEMENT OF FIRE 
HAZARDS. - Fire hazards shall be abated immediately. The DIRECTOR [Director 
General] or his authorized representative, UPON THE REPORT FROM THE FIRE 
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INSPECTOWS THAT A VIOLATION OF THIS CODE OR OTHR PERTINENT 
LAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS IS BEING COMMITTED, SHALL ISSUE 
NOTICE/ORDER TO COMPLY TO THE OWNER, ADMINISTRATOR, OCCUPANT 
OR OTHER PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONDITION OF THE BUILDING. 
OR STRUCTURE, INDICATING AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE PERIOD WITHIN 
WHICH COMPLIANCE SHALL BE EFFECTED, WHICH SHALL BE WITHIN TEN 
(10) TO FIFTEEN (15) DAYS AFTER THE RECEIPT OF THE NOTICE/ORDER, 
DEPENDING ON THE REASONABLESNESS TO ADEQUATELY COMPLY WITH 
THE SAME. 
IF AFTER THE LAPSE OF THE AFORESAID PERIOD, THE OWNER, 
ADMINISTRATOR, OCCUPANT OR OTHER RESPONSIBLE PERSONS FAILED 
TO COMPLY, THE DIRECTOR OR HIS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE SHALL 
PUT UP A SIGN IN FRONT OF THE BUILDING OR STRUCTURE IS A FIRE 
HAZARD, SPECIFICALLY, THE NOTICE SHALL BEAR THE WORDS " 
WARNING THIS BUILDING/STRUCTURE IS A FIRE HAZARD", WHICH SHALL 
REMAIN POSTED UNTIL SUCH TIME THAT THE OWNER, ADMINISTRATOR, 
OCCUPANT OR OTHER PERSONS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONDITION OF 
THE BUILDING, STRUCTURE AND THEIR PREMISES OR FACILITIES ABATE 
THE SAME, BUT SUCH PERIOD SHALL NOT EXCEED FIFTEEN (15) DAYS 
FROM THE LAPSE OF THE INITIAL PERIOD GIVEN IN THE NOTICE/ORDER TO 
COMPLY. 
FINALLY, THE 
FAILURE OF THE OWNER, ADMINISTRATOR, 
OCCUPANT OR OTHER PERSONS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONDITION OF 
THE BUILDING, STRUCTURE AND THEIR PREMISES OR FACILITIES, TO 
COMPLY WITHIN THE PERIOD SPECIFIED ABOVE IS CAUSE FOR THE 
ISSUANCE OF AN ORDER FOR SUCH ABATEMENT. If the owner, administrator or 
occupant of buildings, structure and their premises or facilities does not abate the same 
within the period fixed in the said order, the occupancy to operate shall be cancelled. 
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Any building or structure ASSESSED AND declared BY THE DIRECTOR OR 
HIS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE as a fire trap ON ACCOUNT OF THE 
GROSSNESS OR PALPABILITY OF THE VIOLATION or is causing clear and present 
IMMINENT danger to adjoining establishments and habitations shall be declared a 
public nuisance as defined by the Civil Code of the Philippines IN A NOTICE TO BE 
ISSUED TO THE OWNER, ADMINISTRATOR, OCCUPANT OR OTHER PERSON 
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONDITION OF THE BUILDING, STRUCTURE AND 
THEIR PREMISES OR FACILITIES, If the assessed value OF THE NUISANCE OR 
THE AMOUNT TO BE SPENT IN ABATING THE SAME [of the building or structure 
is not more than ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND PESOS (PlO0,OOO.OO) [twenty 
thousand pesos (P20,000.00)], the owner, administrator or occupant thereof shall abate 
the hazard within FIFTEEN (15) [thirty (3O)J days, or; if the assessed value is more than 
ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND PESOS (PlOO,OOO.OO), [twenty thousand pesos ( 
20,000.00)] within THIRTY (30) [sixty (60)] days from the receipt of the order declaring 
said building or structure a public nuisance; otherwise, the DIRECTOR [Director 
General] or his authorized representative shall forthwith cause its summary abatement. 
FAILURE TO COMPLY WITHIN FIVE (5) DAYS FROM THE RECELPT OF THE 
NOTICE 
SHALL 
CAUSE 
THE 
DIRECTOR 
OR 
HIS 
AUTHORIZED 
REPRESENTATIVE TO PUT UP A SIGN IN FRONT OF THE BUILDING OR 
STRUCTURE, AT OR NEAR THE ENTRANCE OF SUCH PREMISES, NOTIFYING 
THE PUBLIC THAT SUCH BUILDING OR STRUCTURE IS A “FIRE TRAP”, 
WHICH SHALL REMAIN UNTIL THE OWNER, ADMINISTRATOR, OCCUPANT 
OR OTHER PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONDITION OF THE BUILDING, 
STRUCTURE AND THEIR PREMISES OR FACILITIES ABATE THE SAME 
WITHIN THE SPECIFIED PERIOD. 
Summary abatement as used herein shall mean all corrective measures undertaken 
to abate hazards which shall include but it not limited to remodeling, repairing, 
strengthening, reconstructing, removal and demolition, either partial or total, of the 
building or structure. The expenses incurred by the government for such summary 
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abatement shall be borne by the owner, administrator or occupant. These expenses shall 
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constitute a prior lien upon such property. 
SECTION. 12. -Penalties. - 
1. AGAINST THE PRIVATE INDIVIDUAL 
a.) Administrative fine- Any person who violates any provision of this Fire 
Code or any of the rules and regulations promulgated under section 6 
hereof shall be penalized by an administrative fine of not exceeding 
FIFTY THOUSAND (P50,OOO.OO) 
[TWELVE THOUSAND (P 
12,000.00)] pesos or in the proper case, by stoppage of operations or by 
closure of such buildings, structures and their premises or facilities which 
do not comply with the requirements or by both such administrative and 
closurelstoppage of operation to be imposed by the DIRECTOR [ Director 
General], Provided that the payment of the fine, stoppage of operations 
and/or closure of such buildings, structures, and their premises or facilities 
shall not absolve the violator for correcting the deficiency or abating the 
fire hazard. The decision of the DIRECTOR [Director General], under his 
subsection, maybe appealed to the SECRETARY of THE INTERIOR 
AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT [National Defense], within fifteen (15) 
days from the date of receipt of the order imposing the administrative fine, 
stopping the operations andor closure. THE APPEAL SHALL NOT 
STAY THE EXECUTION OF THE ORDER OF THE DIRECTOR. The 
decision of the Secretary of THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL 
GOVERNMENT [National Defense] shall be final and executory. 
b.) Punitive - In case of willful failure to correct the deficiency or abate the 
fire hazard as provided in the preceding subsection, the violator shall, 
upon conviction, be punished by imprisonment of not less than six (6) 
months nor more than six (6) years, or by a fine of not more than ONE 
HUNDRED THOUSAND (PlO0,OOO.OO) [twenty thousand (P20,000.00)] 
pesos or both fine and imprisonment; Provided, however, that in the case 
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of a corporation, firm, partnership or association, the fine and/or 
imprisonment shall be imposed upon its officials responsible for such 
violation, and case the guilty party is an alien, in addition to the penalties 
herein prescribe, he shall immediately be deported; Provided, finally, that 
where the violation is attended by loss of life and/or damage to property, 
the violator shall be PUNISHED BY IMPRISONMENT OF ONE (1) 
YEAR TO SIX (6) YEARS IN THE DISCRETION OF THE COURT, IN 
ADDITION TO THE GRANT OF DAMAGES TO VICTIMS WHEN 
APPLICABLE. [Proceeded against under the applicable provisions of the 
Revised Penal Code]. 
ANY 
PERSON 
WHO, 
WITHOUT 
AUTHORITY, 
MALICIOUSLY REMOVES THE SIGN THAT A BUILDING OR 
STRUCTURF, IS A FIRE HAZARDEIRE TRAP IN PLACE BY THE 
AUTHORIZED PERSON IN THIS CODE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR 
IMPRISONMENT FOR THIRTY (30) DAYS OR FINE NOT 
EXCEEDING ONE HUNDRED THOUNSAND PESOS (P100, 000.00) 
OR BOTH IN THE DISCRETION OF THE COURT. 
2. AGAINST THE PUBLIC OFFICER 
a) ADMINISTRATIVE - THE FOLLOWING ACTS OR OMISSIONS 
SHALL RENDER THE PUBLIC OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE 
ENFORCEMENT OF THIS CODE, ITS IMPLEMENTING RULES 
AND 
REGULATION 
AND 
OTHER 
PERTINENT 
LAWS, 
ADMINISTRARIVELY LIABLE, AND SHALL BE PUNISHED BY 
REPFUMAND, SUSPENSION OR REMOVAL IN THE DESCRITION 
OF THE DISCIPLINING AUTHORITY, DEPENDING ON THE 
GRAVITY OF THE OFFENSE AND WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO THE 
PROVISIONS OF OTHER APPLICABLE LAWS: 


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(1) FAILURE OF THE PUBLIC OFFICER TO CONDUCT 
INSPECTION OF BUILDINGS OR STRUCTURES ONCE 
EVERY SIX (6) MONTHS; 
(2)FAILURE TO PUT UP A SIGN INFRONT OF THE 
BUILDING OR STRUCTURE FOUND TO BE VIOLATING 
THIS 
CODE, 
ITS 
IMPLEMENTING RULES AND 
REGULATIONS AND OTHER PERTINENT LAWS, THAT 
THE SAME IS A “FIRE HAZARD” OR A “FIRE TRAP” 
(3)ENDORSING 
TO 
THE 
DIRECTOR 
FOR 
THE 
CERTIFICATION, OR SUBMITTING A REPORT THAT 
THE BUILDING OR STRUCTURE COMPLIES WITH THE 
STANDARDS SET BY THIS CODE, ITS IMPLEMENTING 
RULES OR REGULATIONS OR OTHER PERTINENT 
LAWS WHEN THE SAME IS CONTRARY TO FACT, OR 
(4)ISSUANCE OR RENEWAL OF OCCUPANCY OR 
BUSINESS PERMIT WITHOUT THE CERTIFICATE OF 
COMPLIANCE ISSUED BY THE DIRECTOR GENERAL 
OR HIS DULY AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE; 
(5) FAILURE TO CANCEL THE OCCUPANCY OR BUSINESS 
PERMIT AFTER THE OWNER, ADMINISTRATOR, 
OCCUPANT OR OTHER PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR 
THE CONDITION OF THE BUILDING, STRUCTURE AND 
OTHER PREMISES FAILED TO COMPLY WITH THE 
NOTICE/ORDER 
FOR 
COMPLIANCE 
WITH 
THE 
STANDARDS SET BY THS CODE, ITS IMPLEMENTING 
RULES AND REGULATIONS AND OTHER PERTINENT 
LAWS, WITHIN THE SPECIFIED PERIOD; 
(6) FAILURE TO ABATE A PUBLIC NUISANCE WITHIN 
FIFTEEN 
(15) 
DAYS 
AFTER 
THE 
OWNER, 
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ADMINISTRATOR, 
OCCUPANT 
OR 
OTHER 
RESPONSIBLE PERSON FAILED TO ABATE THE SAME 
WITHIN THE PERIOD CONTAINED IN THE NOTICE TO 
ABATE; 
(7) ABUSING HIS AUTHORITY IN THE PERFORMANCE OF 
HIS DUTY THROUGH ACTS OF CORRUPTION AND 
OTHER UNETHICAL PRACTICES; OR 
(8) OTHER WILLFULL OR GROSS NEGLIGENCE IN THE 
PERFORMANCE OF AN ACT SPECIFICALLY ENJOINED 
AS A DUTY BY THIS ACT OR ITS IMPLEMENTING 
RULES AND REGULATIONS; OR IN ANY MANNER 
IMPROPERLY PERFORMS HIS DUTIED UNDER THIS 
ACT 
OR 
ITS 
IMPLEMENTING 
RULES 
AND 
REGULATIONS. 
b.) PUNITIVE- THE ABOVEMENTIONED ACTS OR OMMISSIONS OF 
THE PUBLIC OFFICIAL, EITHER THROUGH WILLFUL OR GROSS 
NEGLIGENCE OR THROUGH MALICE, SHALL CONSTITUTE A 
CRIMINAL OFFENSE WITH THE SAME RESULTED TO OR FAILED 
TO PREVENT LOSS OF LIFE AND/OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY, 
AND THE PUBLIC OFFICER SHALL BE PUNISHED BY ONE (1) 
YEAR TO FIVE (5) YEARS IMPRISONMENT AND/ OR FWE NOT 
EXCEEDING FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND (P500,OOO.OO) IN THE 
DISCRETION 
OF 
THE 
COURT, 
IN 
ADDITION TO 
HIS 
ADMINISTRATIVE LIABILITY. 
SECTION 4. New sections to be denominated as Section 13-A and Section 13-B 
i s  hereby inserted between Sections 13 and 14 to read as follows: 
SECTION 13-A. ASSESMENT OF FIRE CODE TAXES. FEES AND FINES. - 
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THE ASSESSMENT OF FIRE CODE TAXES, FEES, AND FINES IS VESTED 
UPON THE BFP. THE BFP SHALL, SUBJECT TO THE APPROVAL OF THE 
DILG, PRESCRIBE THE PROCEDURAL RULES FOR SUCH PURPOSE. 
SECTION 13-B. MONITORING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FIRE 
CODE AND THE AMOUNT OF THE FEES COLLECTED, THE CHIEF BFP 
SHALL, WITHIN SIX (6) MONTHS FROM THE EFFECTIVITY OF THIS 
CODE, SUBMIT TO THE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE 
INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT FOR HIS APPROVAL, A 
MANAGEMENT TOOL OR MECHANISM THAT WOULD ENSURE 
THROUGH MONITORING OF THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE FIRE CODE 
TO INCLUDE THE AMOUNT OF FIRE CODE FEES COLLECTED. 
SECTION 5 .  Section 14 of the same Decree is hereby amended to read as 
follows: 
SECTION 14. COLLECTION OF TAXES, FEES AND FINES- ALL 
taxes, fees and fines provided in Section 13 hereof, shall be collected by the [city 
or Municipal Treasurer] BFP for remittance to the National Treasury UNDER A 
TRUST FUND ASSIGNED FOR THE PURPOSE. 
SECTION 6. A new section to be denominated as Section 14-A is hereby inserted 
between Sections 14 and 15 to read as follows: 
“SEC 14-A. USE OF INCOME GENERATED FROM ENFORCEMENT 
OF THE FIRE CODE. - THE CHIEF, BFP IS AUTHORIZED, SUBJECT TO 
THE APPROVAL OF THE SECRETARY OF THE DILG, TO USE THE 
INCOME 
GENERATED 
UNDER 
SECTION 
11 
HEREOF 
FOR 
PROCUREMENT OF FIRE PROTECTION, RESCUE AND PARAMEDIC 
EQUIPMENT, 
IMPROVEMENT 
OF 
FACILITIES 
AND 
SALARY 
ADJUSTMENTS OF BFP UNIFORMED PERSONNEL PURSUANT TO RA 
9263. 
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SECTION 7. Implementing Rules and Regulations. - Within sixty (60) days from 
the effectivity of this Act, the Secretary of the DILG shall issue the rules and regulations 
for its effective implementation. 
SECTION 8. Repealing Clause. - Any law, presidential decree or issuance, 
executive order, letter of instruction, administrative order, rule, or regulation contrary to, 
or in consistent with the provisions of this Act is hereby repealed, modified, or amended 
accordingly. 
SECTION 9. Separability Clause. - If any provision of this Act is held invalid or 
unconstitutional, the other provisions not affected thereby shall remain valid and 
subsisting. 
SECTION 10. Effectivity Clause. - This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) day 
following its complete publication in any newspaper of general circulation or in the 
Official Gazzete. 
Approved, 
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