In conclusion , the role of dairy products for BMC or BMD has been sufficiently established in Chinese and Caucasian girls and women .
In Caucasian women , drinking milk also reduces fracture risk .
The relevance of dairy produce for the diminishment of osteoporotic risk is still a matter of scientific debate due to the outcome of a few single observational studies .
Vitamin D-enhanced eggs are protective of wintertime serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a randomized controlled trial of adults.
BACKGROUND Despite numerous animal studies that have illustrated the impact of additional vitamin D in the diet of hens on the result ing egg vitamin D content , the effect of the consumption of such eggs on vitamin D status of healthy individuals has not , to our knowledge , been tested . OBJECTIVE We performed a r and omized controlled trial ( RCT ) to investigate the effect of the consumption of vitamin D-enhanced eggs ( produced by feeding hens at the maximum concentration of vitamin D3 or serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [ 25(OH)D3 ] lawfully allowed in feed ) on winter serum 25(OH)D in healthy adults . DESIGN We conducted an 8-wk winter RCT in adults aged 45 - 70 y ( n = 55 ) who were stratified into 3 groups and were requested to consume ≤2 eggs/wk ( control group , in which status was expected to decline ) , 7 vitamin D3-enhanced eggs/wk , or seven 25(OH)D3-enhanced eggs/wk  . Serum 25(OH)D was the primary outcome . RESULTS Although there was no significant difference ( P > 0.1 ; ANOVA ) in the mean preintervention serum 25(OH)D in the 3 groups , it was ∼7 - 8 nmol/L lower in the control group than in the 2 groups who consumed vitamin D-enhanced eggs . With the use of an ANCOVA , in which baseline 25(OH)D was accounted for , vitamin D3-egg and 25(OH)D3-egg groups were shown to have had significantly higher ( P ≤ 0.005 ) postintervention serum 25(OH)D than in the control group . With the use of a within-group analysis , it was shown that , although serum 25(OH)D in the control group significantly decreased over winter ( mean ± SD : -6.4 ± 6.7 nmol/L ; P = 0.001 ) , there was no change in the 2 groups who consumed vitamin D-enhanced eggs ( P > 0.1 for both ) . CONCLUSION Weekly consumption of 7 vitamin D-enhanced eggs has an important impact on winter vitamin D status in adults . This trial was registered at clinical trials.gov as NCT02678364
In conclusion , the role of dairy products for BMC or BMD has been sufficiently established in Chinese and Caucasian girls and women .
In Caucasian women , drinking milk also reduces fracture risk .
The relevance of dairy produce for the diminishment of osteoporotic risk is still a matter of scientific debate due to the outcome of a few single observational studies .