Robust statistically significant effects were found for improved diet , aerobic exercise , alcohol and sodium restriction , and fish oil supplements : mean reductions in systolic blood pressure of 5.0 mmHg [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 3.1 - 7.0 ] , 4.6 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 2.0 - 7.1 ) , 3.8 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 1.4 - 6.1 ) , 3.6 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 2.5 - 4.6 ) and 2.3 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 0.2 - 4.3 ) , respectively , with corresponding reductions in diastolic blood pressure .
Relaxation significantly reduced blood pressure only when compared with non-intervention controls .
We found no robust evidence of any important effect on blood pressure of potassium , magnesium or calcium supplements .
Available evidence does not support relaxation therapies , calcium , magnesium or potassium supplements to reduce blood pressure
PURPOSE To quantify effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for hypertension .
COMPARISON OF WEIGHT REDUCTION WITH METOPROLOL IN TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN YOUNG OVERWEIGHT PATIENTS
Weight reduction was compared with metoprolol ( 200 mg daily ) in a r and omised placebo-controlled trial of first-line treatment of mild hypertension ( diastolic blood pressure 90 - 109 mm Hg ) in 56 overweight patients aged under 55 years . After 21 weeks of follow up the weight-reduction group had lost an average of 7.4 kg . The fall in their systolic pressure of 13 mm Hg was significantly greater than that in the placebo group ( 7 mm Hg ) but not different from that in the metoprolol group ( 10 mm Hg ) . Their fall in diastolic pressure ( 10 mm Hg ) was greater than that in both the metoprolol ( 6 mm Hg ) and placebo ( 3 mm Hg ) groups . At the end of the follow-up period 50 % of patients in the weight-reduction group had a diastolic pressure of less than 90 mm Hg . In the metoprolol group there was a decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and an increase in the ratio of total to HDL-cholesterol ; in the weight-reduction group there was a decrease both in total cholesterol and in the ratio of total to HDL-cholesterol . Thus in this study population weight reduction produced significant and clinical ly important reductions in blood pressure but not the adverse effects on plasma lipids commonly associated with antihypertensive drug therapy
Robust statistically significant effects were found for improved diet , aerobic exercise , alcohol and sodium restriction , and fish oil supplements : mean reductions in systolic blood pressure of 5.0 mmHg [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 3.1 - 7.0 ] , 4.6 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 2.0 - 7.1 ) , 3.8 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 1.4 - 6.1 ) , 3.6 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 2.5 - 4.6 ) and 2.3 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 0.2 - 4.3 ) , respectively , with corresponding reductions in diastolic blood pressure .
Relaxation significantly reduced blood pressure only when compared with non-intervention controls .
We found no robust evidence of any important effect on blood pressure of potassium , magnesium or calcium supplements .
Available evidence does not support relaxation therapies , calcium , magnesium or potassium supplements to reduce blood pressure
PURPOSE To quantify effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for hypertension .