A review of its effects in schizophrenia suggests that modafinil facilitates cognitive functions , with pro-mnemonic effects and problem solving improvements .
The systematic review on the neurochemical modulation of the modafinil suggests that its mnemonic enhancing properties might be the result of glutamatergic and dopaminergic increased neuronal activation in the hippocampus and in the prefrontal cortex respectively .
Other neurotransmitters were also activated by modafinil in various limbic brain areas , suggesting that the drug acts on these brain regions to influence emotional responses .
Modafinil is a central nervous system wake promoting agent used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleeping .
Its vigilance promoting properties and low abuse potential has intrigued the scientific community and has led to use it as a cognitive enhancer , before its neural functions were understood .
Here , we review the effects of modafinil in human cognition and emotion and its specific actions on symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and whether these are consistently effective throughout the literature .
We also performed a systematic review on the effects of modafinil on neurotransmitter signalling in different areas of the brain in order to better underst and the neuromechanisms of its cognitive and emotional enhancing properties .
The Effect of Citalopram Pretreatment on Neuronal Responses to Neuropsychological Tasks in Normal Volunteers: An fMRI Study
Changes in serotonin neurotransmission have also been implicated in the etiology and treatment of impulse control disorders , depression , and anxiety . We have investigated the effect of enhancing serotonin function on fundamental brain processes that we have proposed are abnormal in these disorders . In all , 12 male volunteers received  citalopram  ( 7.5 mg intravenously ) and placebo pretreatment in a single-blind crossover design before undertaking Go/No-go , Loss/No-loss , and covert ( aversive ) face emotion recognition tasks during functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) . Blood oxygenation level dependent responses were analyzed using Statistical Parametric Mapping ( SPM2 ) . The tasks activated prefrontal and subcortical regions generally consistent with literature with lateral orbitofrontal cortex ( BA47 ) common to the three tasks . Citalopram pretreatment enhanced the right BA47 responses to the No-go condition , but attenuated this response to aversive faces . Attenuations were seen following citalopram in the medial orbitofrontal ( BA11 ) responses to the No-go and No-loss ( ie relative reward compared with Loss ) conditions . The right amygdala response to aversive faces was attenuated by citalopram . These results support the involvement of serotonin in modulating basic processes involved in psychiatric disorders but argue for a process-specific , rather than general effect . The technique of combining drug challenge with fMRI ( pharmacoMRI ) has promise for investigating human psychiatric disorders
A review of its effects in schizophrenia suggests that modafinil facilitates cognitive functions , with pro-mnemonic effects and problem solving improvements .
The systematic review on the neurochemical modulation of the modafinil suggests that its mnemonic enhancing properties might be the result of glutamatergic and dopaminergic increased neuronal activation in the hippocampus and in the prefrontal cortex respectively .
Other neurotransmitters were also activated by modafinil in various limbic brain areas , suggesting that the drug acts on these brain regions to influence emotional responses .
Modafinil is a central nervous system wake promoting agent used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleeping .
Its vigilance promoting properties and low abuse potential has intrigued the scientific community and has led to use it as a cognitive enhancer , before its neural functions were understood .
Here , we review the effects of modafinil in human cognition and emotion and its specific actions on symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and whether these are consistently effective throughout the literature .
We also performed a systematic review on the effects of modafinil on neurotransmitter signalling in different areas of the brain in order to better underst and the neuromechanisms of its cognitive and emotional enhancing properties .