Results : We confirmed the importance of the 4 main factors influencing SC : ( 1 ) environmental factors , ( 2 ) genomic factors , ( 3 ) gene-environment interactions , and ( 4 ) evidence -based interventions .
The model demonstrates the complex network of factors influencing SC .
Background : Smoking behaviour is a major public health problem worldwide .
Several sources have confirmed the implication of genomic factors in smoking behaviour .
These factors interact both with environmental factors and interventions to develop a certain behaviour .
Objectives : Describing the environmental and genomic factors as well as the interventions influencing smoking cessation  ( SC ) and developing a working model incorporating the different factors influencing SC were our main objectives .
Genome-Wide Association for Smoking Cessation Success in a Trial of Precessation Nicotine Replacement
Abilities to successfully quit smoking display substantial evidence for heritability in classic and molecular genetic studies . Genomewide association ( GWA ) studies have demonstrated single-nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) and haplotypes that distinguish successful quitters from individuals who were unable to quit smoking in clinical trial participants and in community sample s. Many of the subjects in these clinical trial sample s were aided by nicotine replacement therapy ( NRT ) . We now report novel GWA results from participants in a clinical trial that sought dose/response relationships for “ precessation ” NRT . In this trial , 369 European-American smokers were r and omized to 21 or 42 mg NRT , initiated 2 wks before target quit date s. Ten-week continuous smoking abstinence  was assessed on the basis of self-reports and carbon monoxide levels . SNP genotyping used Affymetrix 6.0 arrays . GWA results for smoking cessation success provided no P value that reached “ genome-wide ” significance . Compared with chance , these results do identify ( a ) more clustering of nominally positive results within small genomic regions , ( b ) more overlap between these genomic regions and those identified in six prior successful smoking cessation GWA studies and ( c ) sets of genes that fall into gene ontology categories that appear to be biologically relevant . The 1,000 SNPs with the strongest associations form a plausible Bayesian network ; no such network is formed by r and omly selected sets of SNPs . The data provide independent support , based on individual genotyping , for many loci previously nominated on the basis of data from genotyping in pooled DNA sample s. These results provide further support for the idea that aid for smoking cessation may be personalized on the basis of genetic predictors of outcome
Results : We confirmed the importance of the 4 main factors influencing SC : ( 1 ) environmental factors , ( 2 ) genomic factors , ( 3 ) gene-environment interactions , and ( 4 ) evidence -based interventions .
The model demonstrates the complex network of factors influencing SC .
Background : Smoking behaviour is a major public health problem worldwide .
Several sources have confirmed the implication of genomic factors in smoking behaviour .
These factors interact both with environmental factors and interventions to develop a certain behaviour .
Objectives : Describing the environmental and genomic factors as well as the interventions influencing smoking cessation  ( SC ) and developing a working model incorporating the different factors influencing SC were our main objectives .