Similar effects also appeared in SBP and DBP categories regardless of follow-up duration .
PA+D interventions had larger improvement effects on CVD risk factors than PA alone interventions .
In adults without IGT or diabetes , lifestyle interventions result ed in significant improvements in SBP , DBP , TC , LDL-C , HDL-C , and TG , and might further reduce CVD risk
Structured lifestyle interventions can reduce diabetes incidence and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk among persons with impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT ) , but it is unclear whether they should be implemented among persons without IGT .
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on CVD risk among adults without IGT or diabetes .
Life style changes improve insulin resistance in hyperinsulinaemic subjects: a one-year intervention study of hypertensives and normotensives in Dalby.
OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia are , in some prospect i ve studies , linked to an increased cardiovascular risk , at least in men . We tested the hypothesis that hyperinsulinaemia may be reduced by non-pharmacological methods independently of other cardiovascular risk factors . DESIGN In a non-pharmacological intervention study for 1 year three groups of subjects ( hypertensives as well as normotensives ) were selected after stratification for insulin level at baseline . Half of the hyperinsulinaemic subjects were r and omly assigned to active intervention with physical exercise and dietary regulation ( HI-A group ) , the other half were followed passively during the study period ( HI-P group ) . Normo-insulinaemics and hypo(low)-insulinaemics also underwent active intervention ( NI-A and LI-A groups , respectively ) . SETTING Primary health care in Sweden . RESULTS During the 1-year follow-up subjects in the HI-A group reduced their weight , waist : hip ratio and systolic and diastolic blood pressure , as well as their low : high-density lipoprotein (LDL : HDL)-cholesterol ratio . Glucose levels before and during an oral glucose tolerance test did not change . However , plasma insulin and plasma-C-peptide decreased both in the fasting state and after 1 and 2 h of oral glucose tolerance testing . This decrease was independent of the previously mentioned reduction in weight , waist : hip ratio , blood pressure and LDL : HDL-cholesterol ratio . No reduction in insulin levels was seen in the HI-P , NI-A or LI-A groups , but in the HI-P group there was a slight decrease in fasting plasma-C-peptide levels . In the HI-A group dietary improvements were observed during the study period , with a reduction in energy intake , fat consumption and cholesterol intake . Fibre intake was increased . No major changes were seen in the HI-P group . CONCLUSIONS We conclude that in hypertensive and normotensive subjects with hyperinsulinaemia insulin levels can be reduced by active non-pharmacological treatment for 1 year without altering glucose tolerance . This shows that insulin resistance may be lowered by non-pharmacological treatment , which may be of considerable importance , and not only for hypertensives
Similar effects also appeared in SBP and DBP categories regardless of follow-up duration .
PA+D interventions had larger improvement effects on CVD risk factors than PA alone interventions .
In adults without IGT or diabetes , lifestyle interventions result ed in significant improvements in SBP , DBP , TC , LDL-C , HDL-C , and TG , and might further reduce CVD risk
Structured lifestyle interventions can reduce diabetes incidence and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk among persons with impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT ) , but it is unclear whether they should be implemented among persons without IGT .
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on CVD risk among adults without IGT or diabetes .