There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Influence of extracurricular sport activities on body composition and physical fitness in boys: a 3-year longitudinal study
Objective : To analyse the effect of extracurricular physical activities on fat mass accumulation and physical fitness during growth in early pubertal males . Design : Longitudinal study .Subjects : A total of 42 male children ( 9.4±1.4 years , Tanner I – II and 12.7±1.5 years , Tanner III – IV , before and after the 3.3 years follow-up , respectively ) , r and omly sample d from the population of Gran Canaria ( Spain ) , 26 of them physically active ( PA , at least 3 h per week during 3 years ) and 16 non-physically active ( non-PA ) . Measurements : Body composition ( dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ) , anthropometrics ( body circumferences and skinfolds ) and physical fitness variables ( dynamic and isometric force , anaerobic capacity and maximal aerobic power ) were determined in all subjects . Results : Both groups had comparable body sizes at the start and the end of the study . Body mass index increased with growth more in the PA than in the non-PA group ( P<0.05 ) . However , fat mass accumulation with growth was lower in the PA than in the non-PA ( P<0.05 ) . There was a positive relationship between the increment of total and trunkal fat mass , especially in non-active children ( r 2=0.93 ) . In contrast , there was an inverse relationship between the total lean mass growth and the accumulation of total and regional fat mass ( r=−0.37 to −0.41 , all P<0.05 ) . Physical fitness was maintained in the PA , while it worsened in the non-PA children . Conclusions : Without any dietary intervention , children who regularly participate in at least 3 h per week of sports activities are more protected against total and regional fat mass accumulation . They also increase their total lean and bone mass to a greater extent than children who do not participate in extracurricular sport activities . In addition , PA children maintain their physical fitness during growth , while it deteriorates in the non-PA children
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .