There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .
Dietary composition affects regional body fat distribution and levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) in post-menopausal women with Type 2 diabetes
Objective : To compare effects of a high carbohydrate ( high-CHO ) and a monounsaturated fat diet ( high-MUFA ) on body fat distribution and sex hormones in post-menopausal women with Type 2 diabetes . Design : R and omised cross-over with no washout . Setting : Geelong Hospital outpatient . Subjects : Thirty four women were recruited , 30 completed the study , and data are presented for 21 women compliant to the high-CHO diet . Interventions : Women followed a high-CHO diet ( 20 % energy ( % E ) from fat , 60%E from carbohydrate and a high-MUFA diet ( 40%E from fat , half as monounsaturated fat , 40%E from carbohydrate ) in r and om order for 12 weeks each . Main outcome measures : Dietary compliance was measured by change in linoleic acid ( C18:2 , ω-6 ) in plasma cholesteryl esters . Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry . Fasting concentrations of glucose and insulin were measured in plasma . Steroid hormones and sex hormone binding globulin ( SHBG ) were measured in serum . Results : On the high-CHO diet C18:2 , ω-6 in plasma cholesteryl esters declined by 5.4 % ( 95 % confidence intervals ( CI ) , −2.5 % to −8.4 % , P=0.0015 ) . Fat was lost mainly from the lower body ( lower body loss −0.71 kg , 95 % CI , −0.43 to −1.00 kg , P=0.001 ; upper body loss −0.15 kg , 95 % CI , −0.76 to + 0.46 kg , P=0.6 ) . Yet on the high-MUFA  diet , lower body fat loss was minimal ( −0.22 kg , 95%CI , + 0.11 to −0.55 kg , P=0.2 ) . By general linear modelling ( GLM ) , differences in lower body fat loss were significantly related to diet ( P=0.04 ) . After adjustment for age , dehydroepi and rosterone sulphate ( DHEAS ) concentrations after the high-CHO diet were related to levels of lower body fat ( r=0.394 , P=0.04 ) . Conclusions : In women with Type 2 diabetes following a high-CHO diet for 12 weeks the disproportionate loss of lower body fat is related to a decline in DHEAS.Sponsorship : Supported by grant 950921 from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .