The estimates for risk of manipulation and adverse events are very imprecise and the estimate for the risk of adverse events does not distinguish between a clinical ly important increase and decrease in risk .
There was insufficient evidence to determine the effect of CPM on participants ' global assessment of treatment effectiveness .
CPM does not have clinical ly important effects on active knee flexion ROM , pain , function or quality of life to justify its routine use .
BACKGROUND Arthritis of the knee is a common problem causing pain and disability .
If severe , knee arthritis can be surgically managed with a total knee arthroplasty .
Rehabilitation following knee arthroplasty often includes continuous passive motion ( CPM ) .
CPM is applied by a machine that passively and repeatedly moves the knee through a specified range of motion ( ROM ) .
It is believed that CPM increases recovery of knee ROM and has other therapeutic benefits .
However , it is not clear whether CPM is effective .
OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of CPM and st and ard postoperative care versus similar postoperative care , with or without additional knee exercises , in people with knee arthroplasty .
This review is an up date of a 2003 and 2010 version of the same review .
The effect of continuous passive motion duration and increment on range of motion in total knee arthroplasty patients.
There is insufficient information on continuous passive motion ( CPM ) parameters in total knee arthroplasty patients for optimal patient outcomes . We compared CPM duration and increments on active and passive range of motion ( ROM ) in patients who underwent a unilateral total knee arthroplasty due to degenerative joint disease . Forty-five total knee arthroplasty patients were r and omly assigned to either a control group , a short CPM duration ( 3 - 5 hours per day ) group with CPM ROM  increased 5 degrees twice daily , a short CPM duration group with CPM ROM  increased daily to patient tolerance , a long CPM duration ( 10 - 12 hours per day ) group with  CPM ROM  increased 5 degrees twice daily , or a long CPM duration group with CPM ROM  increased daily to patient tolerance . Active and passive flexion and extension were measured goniometrically on each postoperative day that the patient was treated by physical therapy . No statistically significant differences between groups were found for baseline and final postoperative ROM . The CPM groups did not maintain the parameters assigned and were combined , revealing an enhanced rate of change of flexion . Most patients opted for a CPM duration of between 4 and 8 hours per day and the patient-preferred CPM  incremental increase in ROM was 6 - 7 degrees/day
The estimates for risk of manipulation and adverse events are very imprecise and the estimate for the risk of adverse events does not distinguish between a clinical ly important increase and decrease in risk .
There was insufficient evidence to determine the effect of CPM on participants ' global assessment of treatment effectiveness .
CPM does not have clinical ly important effects on active knee flexion ROM , pain , function or quality of life to justify its routine use .
BACKGROUND Arthritis of the knee is a common problem causing pain and disability .
If severe , knee arthritis can be surgically managed with a total knee arthroplasty .
Rehabilitation following knee arthroplasty often includes continuous passive motion ( CPM ) .
CPM is applied by a machine that passively and repeatedly moves the knee through a specified range of motion ( ROM ) .
It is believed that CPM increases recovery of knee ROM and has other therapeutic benefits .
However , it is not clear whether CPM is effective .
OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of CPM and st and ard postoperative care versus similar postoperative care , with or without additional knee exercises , in people with knee arthroplasty .
This review is an up date of a 2003 and 2010 version of the same review .