There was moderate evidence that  e-cycling provided physical activity of at least moderate intensity , which was lower than the intensity elicited during conventional cycling , but higher than that during walking .
There was also moderate evidence that  e-cycling can improve cardiorespiratory fitness in physically inactive individuals .
Evidence of the impact of e-cycling  on metabolic and psychological health outcomes was inconclusive .
Conclusion E-cycling can contribute to meeting physical activity recommendations and increasing physical fitness .
As such , e-bikes offer a potential alternative to conventional cycling .
Background Electrically assisted bicycles ( e-bikes ) have been highlighted as a method of active travel that could overcome some of the commonly reported barriers to cycle commuting .
The objective of this systematic review was to assess the health benefits associated with e-cycling .
Effects of exercise intensity on postprandial improvement in glucose disposal and insulin sensitivity in prediabetic adults.
BACKGROUND A single bout of exercise improves postpr and ial glycemia and insulin sensitivity in prediabetic patients ; however , the impact of exercise intensity is not well understood . The present study compared the effects of acute isocaloric moderate ( MIE ) and high-intensity ( HIE ) exercise on glucose disposal and insulin sensitivity in prediabetic adults . METHODS Subjects ( n=18 ; age 49±14 y ; fasting glucose 105±11 mg/dL ; 2 h glucose 170±32 mg/dL ) completed a peak O2 consumption/lactate threshold ( LT ) protocol plus three r and omly assigned conditions : 1 ) control , 1 hour of seated rest , 2 ) MIE ( at LT ) , and 3 ) HIE ( 75 % of difference between LT and peak O2 consumption ) . One hour after exercise , subjects received an  oral glucose tolerance test  ( OGTT ) . Plasma glucose , insulin , and C-peptide concentrations were sample d at 5- to 10-minute intervals at baseline , during exercise , after exercise , and for 3 hours after glucose ingestion . Total , early-phase , and late-phase area under the glucose and insulin response curves were compared between conditions . Indices of insulin sensitivity ( SI ) were derived from OGTT data using the oral minimal model . RESULTS Compared with control , SI improved by 51 % ( P=.02 ) and 85 % ( P<.001 ) on the MIE and HIE days , respectively . No differences in SI were observed between the exercise conditions ( P=.62 ) . Improvements in SI corresponded to significant reductions in the glucose , insulin , and C-peptide area under the curve values during the late phase of the OGTT after HIE ( P<.05 ) , with only a trend for reductions after MIE . CONCLUSION These results suggest that in prediabetic adults  , acute exercise has an immediate and intensity-dependent effect on improving postpr and ial glycemia and insulin sensitivity
There was moderate evidence that  e-cycling provided physical activity of at least moderate intensity , which was lower than the intensity elicited during conventional cycling , but higher than that during walking .
There was also moderate evidence that  e-cycling can improve cardiorespiratory fitness in physically inactive individuals .
Evidence of the impact of e-cycling  on metabolic and psychological health outcomes was inconclusive .
Conclusion E-cycling can contribute to meeting physical activity recommendations and increasing physical fitness .
As such , e-bikes offer a potential alternative to conventional cycling .
Background Electrically assisted bicycles ( e-bikes ) have been highlighted as a method of active travel that could overcome some of the commonly reported barriers to cycle commuting .
The objective of this systematic review was to assess the health benefits associated with e-cycling .