A review of its effects in schizophrenia suggests that modafinil facilitates cognitive functions , with pro-mnemonic effects and problem solving improvements .
The systematic review on the neurochemical modulation of the modafinil suggests that its mnemonic enhancing properties might be the result of glutamatergic and dopaminergic increased neuronal activation in the hippocampus and in the prefrontal cortex respectively .
Other neurotransmitters were also activated by modafinil in various limbic brain areas , suggesting that the drug acts on these brain regions to influence emotional responses .
Modafinil is a central nervous system wake promoting agent used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleeping .
Its vigilance promoting properties and low abuse potential has intrigued the scientific community and has led to use it as a cognitive enhancer , before its neural functions were understood .
Here , we review the effects of modafinil in human cognition and emotion and its specific actions on symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and whether these are consistently effective throughout the literature .
We also performed a systematic review on the effects of modafinil on neurotransmitter signalling in different areas of the brain in order to better underst and the neuromechanisms of its cognitive and emotional enhancing properties .
Randomized controlled trial of effect of prescription of clozapine versus other second-generation antipsychotic drugs in resistant schizophrenia.
There is good evidence that clozapine is more efficacious than first-generation antipsychotic drugs in resistant schizophrenia .  It is less clear if clozapine is more effective than the other second-generation antipsychotic ( SGA ) drugs . A noncommercially funded , pragmatic , open , multisite , r and omized controlled trial was conducted in the United Kingdom National Health Service ( NHS ) . Participants were 136 people aged 18 - 65 with DSM-IV schizophrenia and related disorders whose medication was being changed because of poor clinical response to 2 or more previous antipsychotic drugs . Participants were r and omly allocated to clozapine or to one of the class of other SGA drugs ( risperidone , olanzapine , quetiapine , amisulpride ) as selected by the managing clinician . Outcomes were assessed blind to treatment allocation . One-year assessment s were carried out in 87 % of the sample . The intent to treat comparison showed no statistically significant advantage for commencing clozapine in Quality of Life score ( 3.63 points ; CI : 0.46 - 7.71 ; p = .08 ) but did show an advantage in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ( PANSS ) total score that was statistically significant ( -4.93 points ; CI : -8.82 to -1.05 ; p = .013 ) during follow-up . Clozapine showed a trend toward having fewer total extrapyramidal side effects . At 12 weeks participants who were receiving clozapine reported that their mental health was significantly better compared with those receiving other SGA drugs . In conclusion , in people with schizophrenia with poor treatment response to 2 or more antipsychotic drugs , there is an advantage to commencing clozapine rather than other SGA drugs in terms of symptom improvement over 1 year
A review of its effects in schizophrenia suggests that modafinil facilitates cognitive functions , with pro-mnemonic effects and problem solving improvements .
The systematic review on the neurochemical modulation of the modafinil suggests that its mnemonic enhancing properties might be the result of glutamatergic and dopaminergic increased neuronal activation in the hippocampus and in the prefrontal cortex respectively .
Other neurotransmitters were also activated by modafinil in various limbic brain areas , suggesting that the drug acts on these brain regions to influence emotional responses .
Modafinil is a central nervous system wake promoting agent used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleeping .
Its vigilance promoting properties and low abuse potential has intrigued the scientific community and has led to use it as a cognitive enhancer , before its neural functions were understood .
Here , we review the effects of modafinil in human cognition and emotion and its specific actions on symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and whether these are consistently effective throughout the literature .
We also performed a systematic review on the effects of modafinil on neurotransmitter signalling in different areas of the brain in order to better underst and the neuromechanisms of its cognitive and emotional enhancing properties .