Although the level of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on vaginal health is low in our study , we concluded that vitamin D may improve the vaginal health of women , especially during menopause
Menopause is associated with the onset of climacteric symptoms due to low estradiol levels , which may cause insufficient maturation of the vaginal mucosa .
Vitamin D may regulate the growth and differentiation of cells that are adversely affected due to low estradiol levels , thereby restoring vaginal health .
The objective of this systematic review , the first on this subject , was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the  vaginal health of menopausal women .
Vitamin D and calcium intake and risk of early menopause.
Background : Early menopause , defined as the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 45 y , affects ∼10 % of women and is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease , osteoporosis , and other conditions . Few modifiable risk factors for early menopause have been identified , but emerging data suggest that high vitamin D intake may reduce risk . Objective : We evaluated how intakes of vitamin D and calcium are associated with the incidence of early menopause  in the prospect i ve Nurses ' Health Study II ( NHS2 ) . Design : Intakes of vitamin D and calcium from foods and supplements were measured every 4 y with the use of a food-frequency question naire . Cases of incident early menopause were identified from all participants who were premenopausal at baseline in 1991 ; over 1.13 million person-years , 2041 women reported having natural menopause before the age of 45 y. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate relations between intakes of vitamin D and calcium  and incident early menopause while accounting for potential confounding factors . Results : After adjustment for age , smoking , and other factors , women with the highest intake of dietary vitamin D ( quintile median : 528 IU/d ) had a significant 17 % lower risk of early menopause than women with the lowest intake [ quintile median : 148 IU/d ; HR : 0.83 ( 95 % CI : 0.72 , 0.95 ) ; P-trend = 0.03 ] . Dietary calcium intake in the highest quintile ( median : 1246 mg/d ) compared with the lowest ( median : 556 mg/d ) was associated with a borderline significantly lower risk of early menopause ( HR : 0.87 ; 95 % CI : 0.76 , 1.00 ; P-trend = 0.03 ) . Associations were stronger for vitamin D and calcium from dairy sources than from nondairy dietary sources , whereas high supplement use was not associated with lower risk . Conclusions : Findings suggest that high intakes of dietary vitamin D and calcium may be modestly associated with a lower risk of early menopause . Further studies evaluating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations , other dairy constituents , and early menopause are warranted
Although the level of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on vaginal health is low in our study , we concluded that vitamin D may improve the vaginal health of women , especially during menopause
Menopause is associated with the onset of climacteric symptoms due to low estradiol levels , which may cause insufficient maturation of the vaginal mucosa .
Vitamin D may regulate the growth and differentiation of cells that are adversely affected due to low estradiol levels , thereby restoring vaginal health .
The objective of this systematic review , the first on this subject , was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the  vaginal health of menopausal women .