Scopolamine is an effective and rapid antidepressant in both unipolar and bipolar depression , working as quickly as 3 days after initial infusion .
OBJECTIVES The cholinergic-adrenergic hypothesis of mania and depression states that depression is characterized by an increase in central cholinergic activity relative to noradrenergic tone .
Scopolamine is a central ly acting competitive inhibitor of the muscarinic cholinergic receptor site .
This review seeks to find all available data investigating scopolamine as an antidepressant .
Nicotine dependence, major depression, and anxiety in young adults.
To determine whether nicotine dependence , classified by level of severity , was associated with other substance dependence , major depression , and anxiety disorders , we studied a r and om sample of 1007 young adults in the Detroit ( Mich ) area using the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule , revised according to DSM-III-R. The systematic coverage of DSM-III-R criteria of nicotine dependence provides an unprecedented opportunity to separate persons with nicotine dependence from the larger class of persons with a history of smoking and to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among persons with nicotine dependence and among nondependent smokers . The lifetime prevalence of nicotine dependence was 20 % . Nicotine dependence was associated with alcohol , cannabis , and cocaine dependence . Controlling for the effects of other substance dependencies , persons with nicotine dependence had higher rates of major depression and anxiety disorders . The strength of these associations varied by level of severity of nicotine dependence .  Nondependent smokers had higher rates of other substance dependencies , but not of major depression or anxiety disorders
Scopolamine is an effective and rapid antidepressant in both unipolar and bipolar depression , working as quickly as 3 days after initial infusion .
OBJECTIVES The cholinergic-adrenergic hypothesis of mania and depression states that depression is characterized by an increase in central cholinergic activity relative to noradrenergic tone .
Scopolamine is a central ly acting competitive inhibitor of the muscarinic cholinergic receptor site .
This review seeks to find all available data investigating scopolamine as an antidepressant .