Specific recommendations for implantation of each prosthesis , taking into consideration the presence of pre-existent conduction abnormalities and anatomical factors , may be needed to reduce the risk of PPI
Aims The incidence of new-onset conduction abnormalities requiring permanent pacemaker implantation ( PPI ) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) with new-generation prostheses remains debated .
This systematic review analyses the incidence of PPI after TAVI  with new-generation devices and evaluates the electrical , anatomical , and procedural factors associated with PPI .
In addition , the incidence of PPI after  TAVI with early generation prostheses was review ed for comparison .
Safety and efficacy of a repositionable and fully retrievable aortic valve used in routine clinical practice: the RESPOND Study
Aims RESPOND is a prospect i ve , open-label , single-arm study evaluating the outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) with the repositionable and fully retrievable Lotus Valve used in routine clinical practice for the treatment of patients with aortic valve stenosis . Methods and results RESPOND enrolled 1014 patients at sites across Europe , New Zeal and , and Latin America ; 996 patients received a Lotus Valve ( mean age : 80.8 years ; 50.8 % female ; Society of Thoracic Surgeons score : 6.0 ± 6.9 ) . Repositioning was attempted in 29.2 % of patients , with 99 % success . The rate of all-cause mortality in the intent-to-treat population at 30 days ( primary endpoint ) was 2.6 % ( P < 0.001 vs. pre-specified performance goal ) . Thirty-day clinical follow-up was completed for 97.3 % of patients . Among patients who received a Lotus Valve , the 30-day overall and disabling stroke rates were 3.0 % and 2.2 % , respectively . The 30-day permanent pacemaker implantation rate was 30.0 % in all patients , and 34.6 % in pacemaker-naïve patients . Echocardiographic data at baseline and pre-discharge were assessed by an independent core laboratory . Mean aortic valve gradient declined from 37.7 ± 15.2 mmHg at baseline to 10.8 ± 4.6 mmHg at hospital discharge ( P < 0.001 ) . Aortic valve area increased from 0.7 ± 0.2 cm2 at baseline to 1.8 ± 0.4 cm2 at discharge ( P < 0.001 ) . At hospital discharge , paravalvular leak ( PVL ) was absent or trace in 92 % of patients ; no patients had severe PVL , 0.3 % of patients exhibited moderate PVL , and 7.7 % of patients had mild PVL . Clinical follow-up in RESPOND will extend to 5 years . Conclusion The results of RESPOND confirm the safety and efficacy of TAVI with the Lotus Valve in routine clinical practice . Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov # NCT 02031302
Specific recommendations for implantation of each prosthesis , taking into consideration the presence of pre-existent conduction abnormalities and anatomical factors , may be needed to reduce the risk of PPI
Aims The incidence of new-onset conduction abnormalities requiring permanent pacemaker implantation ( PPI ) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) with new-generation prostheses remains debated .
This systematic review analyses the incidence of PPI after TAVI  with new-generation devices and evaluates the electrical , anatomical , and procedural factors associated with PPI .
In addition , the incidence of PPI after  TAVI with early generation prostheses was review ed for comparison .