There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Effects of a School-based Obesity-prevention Intervention on Menarche (United States)
Objective : Early menarche is a risk factor for breast cancer . Since body composition influences age at menarche we decided to estimate the effects of a school-based intervention for the prevention of obesity on the initiation of menses in young girls . Methods : Ten schools were r and omized to a modified curriculum or no curricular changes for 2 school-years . Data of 508 pre-menarcheal girls at baseline ( age range : 10–13 years ) were analyzed . Results : Girls attending an intervention school experienced menarche less frequently than girls attending control schools during the intervention period ( intervention schools = 54 % , control schools = 59 % ; RR = 0.76 ; 95 % CI [ 0.66 , 0.87 ] ) . Attending an intervention school was also associated with lower increase in BMI ( −0.3 kg/m2 ; p = 0.003 ) , lower gains in triceps skinfold thickness ( −1.5 mm ; p = 0.007 ) , decreased television viewing ( −0.6 h/day ; p<0.0001 ) and increased physical activity ( 3.1 MET-h/week ; p = 0.032 ) . Including these changes as predictors of menarche incidence attenuated the intervention effect ( RR = 0.94 ; 95 % CI [ 0.80 , 1.10 ] ) . Conclusions : The intervention delayed menarche in this group of girls . The delay was produced by increased physical activity , reduced television viewing and changes in BMI and fat distribution . These findings may have implication s for the primary prevention of breast cancer
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .