Associations between objective ly measured total sedentary time and indicators of adiposity and motor development were predominantly null .
Associations between screen time and indicators of adiposity , motor or cognitive development , and psychosocial health were primarily unfavourable or null .
Associations between time spent seated ( e.g. , in car seats or strollers ) or in the supine position , and indicators of adiposity and motor development , were primarily unfavourable or null .
Conclusions These findings continue to support the importance of minimizing screen time for disease prevention and health promotion in the early years , but also highlight the potential cognitive benefits of interactive non-screen-based sedentary behaviours such as reading and storytelling .
Background The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationships between  sedentary behaviour ( SB ) and health indicators in children aged 0 to 4 years , and to determine what doses of SB ( i.e. , duration , patterns [ frequency , interruptions ] , and type ) were associated with health indicators .
Early Television Exposure and Children’s Behavioral and Social Outcomes at Age 30 Months
Background Previous research has suggested that television ( TV ) viewing may be associated with increased behavioral and emotional problems in children . However , there are few prospect i ve studies targeted for its association with outcomes of children under 3 years old . The purpose of this study was to exam the association between children ’s early TV exposure at ages 18 and 30 months and the behavioral and  emotional outcomes at age 30 months . Methods We analyzed data collected prospect ively in the Japan Children ’s Study .  TV exposure was assessed by mothers ’ report at infant ages of 18 and 30 months . The outcomes were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Question naire ( SDQ ) . Analysis of Covariance was used to estimate the effect of TV exposure on behavioral and emotional outcomes . Results The percentage of children who watched TV 4 hours or more per day was 29.4 % at age 18 months , 24.5 % at age 30 months , and 21 % at both ages . Hyperactivity – inattention at age 30 months was positively associated with TV exposure at age 18 months , whereas prosocial behavior was negatively associated with hours of exposure even after adjustment . However , there were no significant differences in SDQ subscales according to daily hours of TV viewing at age 30 months . Conclusions Daily TV exposure at age 18 months was associated with hyperactivity – inattention and prosocial behavior at age 30 months . However , the directly casual relation was not proved in the present study . Additional research considering the TV program content and exposure timing are needed to investigate the causal relation between TV viewing and behavioral outcome
Associations between objective ly measured total sedentary time and indicators of adiposity and motor development were predominantly null .
Associations between screen time and indicators of adiposity , motor or cognitive development , and psychosocial health were primarily unfavourable or null .
Associations between time spent seated ( e.g. , in car seats or strollers ) or in the supine position , and indicators of adiposity and motor development , were primarily unfavourable or null .
Conclusions These findings continue to support the importance of minimizing screen time for disease prevention and health promotion in the early years , but also highlight the potential cognitive benefits of interactive non-screen-based sedentary behaviours such as reading and storytelling .
Background The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationships between  sedentary behaviour ( SB ) and health indicators in children aged 0 to 4 years , and to determine what doses of SB ( i.e. , duration , patterns [ frequency , interruptions ] , and type ) were associated with health indicators .