There was no significant between group difference in six-minute walk test distance .
Conclusions Our meta- analysis showed WPAM with exercise prescription or advice are superior to no device in improving CRF in the maintenance phase of CR and no cardiac adverse events were reported with WPAM use .
Our qualitative analysis showed evidence in favour of WPAM with exercise prescription or advice for both CRF and step count .
WPAM with exercise prescription or advice did not change sedentary time .
Background Physical activity ( PA ) is a component of cardiac rehabilitation ( CR ) .
However , life-long engagement in PA is required to maintain benefits gained .
Wearable PA monitoring devices ( WPAM ) are thought to increase PA .
There appear to be no review s which investigate the effect of WPAM in cardiac population s. We firstly aim ed to systematic ally review r and omised controlled trials within the cardiac population that investigated the effect WPAM had through the maintenance phase of CR .
We specifically examined the effect on cardiorespiratory fitness ( CRF ) , amount and intensity of daily PA , and sedentary time .
Determinants of physical activity after hospitalization for coronary artery disease: the Tracking Exercise After Cardiac Hospitalization (TEACH) Study
Background Little is known about  physical activity levels in patients with coronary artery disease ( CAD ) who are not engaged in cardiac rehabilitation . We explored the trajectory of physical activity after hospitalization for CAD , and examined the effects of demographic , medical , and activity-related factors on the trajectory . Design A prospect i ve cohort study . Methods A total of 782 patients were recruited during CAD-related hospitalization .  Leisure-time activity energy expenditure ( AEE ) was measured 2 , 6 and 12 months later . Sex , age , education , reason for hospitalization , congestive heart failure ( CHF ) , diabetes , and physical activity before hospitalization were assessed at recruitment . Participation in cardiac rehabilitation was measured at follow-up .  Results AEE was 1948 ± 1450 , 1676 ± 1290 , and 1637 ± 1486 kcal/week at 2 , 6 and 12 months , respectively . There was a negative effect of time from 2 months post-hospitalization on physical activity ( P<0.001 ) . Interactions were found between age and time ( P = 0.012 ) and education and time ( P = 0.001 ) . Main effects were noted for sex ( men more active than women ; P<0.001 ) , CHF ( those without CHF more active ; P<0.01 ) , diabetes ( those without diabetes more active ; P<0.05 ) , and previous level of physical activity ( those active before hospitalization more active after ; P<0.001 ) . Coronary artery bypass graft patients were more active than percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI ) patients ( P = 0.033 ) . Conclusions Physical activity levels declined from 2 months after hospitalization . Specific subgroups ( e.g. less educated , younger ) were at greater risk of decline and other subgroups ( e.g. women , and PCI , CHF , and diabetic patients ) demonstrated lower physical activity . These groups need tailored interventions
There was no significant between group difference in six-minute walk test distance .
Conclusions Our meta- analysis showed WPAM with exercise prescription or advice are superior to no device in improving CRF in the maintenance phase of CR and no cardiac adverse events were reported with WPAM use .
Our qualitative analysis showed evidence in favour of WPAM with exercise prescription or advice for both CRF and step count .
WPAM with exercise prescription or advice did not change sedentary time .
Background Physical activity ( PA ) is a component of cardiac rehabilitation ( CR ) .
However , life-long engagement in PA is required to maintain benefits gained .
Wearable PA monitoring devices ( WPAM ) are thought to increase PA .
There appear to be no review s which investigate the effect of WPAM in cardiac population s. We firstly aim ed to systematic ally review r and omised controlled trials within the cardiac population that investigated the effect WPAM had through the maintenance phase of CR .
We specifically examined the effect on cardiorespiratory fitness ( CRF ) , amount and intensity of daily PA , and sedentary time .