Interventions to promote exercise in cancer survivors who report better levels of adherence share some common behaviour change techniques .
These involve setting programme goals , prompting practise and self-monitoring and encouraging participants to attempt to generalise behaviours learned in supervised exercise environments to other , non-supervised context s. However , expecting most sedentary survivors to achieve current guideline recommendations of at least 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise is likely to be unrealistic .
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of regular exercise for people living with or beyond cancer are becoming apparent .
However , how to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary cancer cohorts is not as well understood .
A large majority of people living with or recovering from cancer do not meet exercise recommendations .
Hence , review ing the evidence on how to promote and sustain exercise behaviour is important .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer and to address the following questions : Which interventions are most effective in improving aerobic fitness and skeletal muscle strength and endurance ?
What adverse effects are attributed to different exercise interventions ?
Which interventions are most effective in improving exercise behaviour amongst patients with different cancers ?
Which interventions are most likely to promote long-term ( 12 months or longer ) exercise behaviour ?
What frequency of contact with exercise professionals is associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What theoretical basis is most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What behaviour change techniques are most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
Main outcomes of the FRESH START trial: a sequentially tailored, diet and exercise mailed print intervention among breast and prostate cancer survivors.
PURPOSE Cancer survivors are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease , diabetes , osteoporosis , and second primary tumors . Healthful lifestyle practice s may improve the health and well-being of survivors . The FRESH START trial tested the efficacy of sequentially tailored versus st and ardized mailed material s on improving cancer survivors ' diet and exercise behaviors . METHODS Five hundred forty-three individuals with newly diagnosed locoregional breast or prostate cancer were recruited from 39 states and two provinces within North America . Participants were r and omly assigned either to a 10-month program of tailored mailed print material s promoting fruit and vegetable ( F&V ) consumption , reducing total/saturated fat intake , and /or increasing exercise or to a 10-month program of nontailored mailed material s on diet and exercise available in the public domain . Telephone surveys conducted at baseline and 1 year assessed body mass index ( BMI ) , dietary consumption , physical activity , and other psychosocial/behavioral indices . Clinical assessment s were conducted on a 23 % sub sample ; information was used to vali date self-reports . RESULTS Five hundred nineteen participants completed the 1-year follow-up ( 4.4 % attrition ; sample characteristics : 57 + /- 10.8 years old , 83 % white , 56 % female , 64 % overweight/obese , and 0 % underweight ) . Although both arms significantly improved their lifestyle behaviors ( P < .05 ) , significantly greater gains occurred in the FRESH START intervention versus the control arm ( practice of two or more goal behaviors : + 34 % v + 18 % , P < .0001 ; exercise minutes per week : + 59.3 v + 39.2 minutes , P = .02 ; F&V per day : + 1.1 v + 0.6 servings , P = .01 ; total fat : -4.4 % v -2.1 % , P < .0001 ; saturated fat : -1.3 % v -0.3 % , P < .0001 ; and BMI : -0.3 v + 0.1 kg/m2 , respectively , P = .004 ) . CONCLUSION Mailed material interventions , especially those that are tailored , are effective in promoting healthful lifestyle changes among cancer survivors . Further study is needed to determine sustainability , cost to benefit , and generalizability to other cancer population
Interventions to promote exercise in cancer survivors who report better levels of adherence share some common behaviour change techniques .
These involve setting programme goals , prompting practise and self-monitoring and encouraging participants to attempt to generalise behaviours learned in supervised exercise environments to other , non-supervised context s. However , expecting most sedentary survivors to achieve current guideline recommendations of at least 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise is likely to be unrealistic .
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of regular exercise for people living with or beyond cancer are becoming apparent .
However , how to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary cancer cohorts is not as well understood .
A large majority of people living with or recovering from cancer do not meet exercise recommendations .
Hence , review ing the evidence on how to promote and sustain exercise behaviour is important .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer and to address the following questions : Which interventions are most effective in improving aerobic fitness and skeletal muscle strength and endurance ?
What adverse effects are attributed to different exercise interventions ?
Which interventions are most effective in improving exercise behaviour amongst patients with different cancers ?
Which interventions are most likely to promote long-term ( 12 months or longer ) exercise behaviour ?
What frequency of contact with exercise professionals is associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What theoretical basis is most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What behaviour change techniques are most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?