Overall , the current literature supports clearly the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the seven chronic conditions identified .
Moreover , higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk for premature all-cause mortality .
The current Canadian guidelines appear to be appropriate to reduce the risk for the seven chronic conditions identified above and all-cause mortality
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults .
Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular disease , stroke , hypertension , colon cancer , breast cancer , type 2 diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ) and osteoporosis ) .
The strength of the relationship between physical activity and specific health outcomes is evaluated critically .
Lifetime physical activity and breast cancer risk in a multiethnic population: the San Francisco Bay area breast cancer study.
Considerable epidemiological data have accumulated in support of a lower risk of breast cancer among physically active women . Few studies , however , have examined the relation with lifetime physical activity from all sources , and moderate activity in particular . We conducted a population -based case-control study of breast cancer in Latinas , African Americans , and whites aged 35 - 79 years to assess the association with lifetime histories of moderate and vigorous physical activity , including recreational activity , walking , bicycling , household and outdoor chores , and occupation .  Patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 1995 and 1998 were identified through the cancer registry in the San Francisco Bay area , and a r and om sample of women without breast cancer was identified through r and om-digit dialing . A structured question naire administered in-person was completed by 403 premenopausal cases and 483 controls and 847 postmenopausal cases and 1065 controls . Summing activities from all sources over an individual 's lifetime , we found reduced breast cancer risk in both pre- and postmenopausal women with the highest versus lowest tertile of average lifetime activity ( premenopausal : multivariate adjusted odds ratio = 0.74 , 95 % confidence interval = 0.52 - 1.05 ; postmenopausal : odds ratio = 0.81 , 95 % confidence interval = 0.64 - 1.02 ) , with similar reductions in the three racial/ethnic groups . In premenopausal women , risk reductions were similar for different types of activities , whereas in postmenopausal women , they were limited to occupational activity . Considering the intensity of activities , risk reductions were similar for moderate and vigorous activities . Because few of the currently known risk factors for breast cancer are modifiable , these results underline the public health importance of promoting physically active lifestyles
Overall , the current literature supports clearly the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the seven chronic conditions identified .
Moreover , higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk for premature all-cause mortality .
The current Canadian guidelines appear to be appropriate to reduce the risk for the seven chronic conditions identified above and all-cause mortality
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults .
Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular disease , stroke , hypertension , colon cancer , breast cancer , type 2 diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ) and osteoporosis ) .
The strength of the relationship between physical activity and specific health outcomes is evaluated critically .