There was interaction by food source , with specific food sources showing beneficial effects ( fruit and fruit juice ) or harmful effects ( sweetened milk and mixed sources ) in substitution studies and harmful effects ( sugars‐sweetened beverages and fruit juice ) in addition studies on at least one outcome .
Conclusions Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose‐containing sugars on glycaemic control .
Although most food sources of these sugars ( especially fruit ) do not have a harmful effect in energy matched substitutions with other macronutrients , several food sources of fructose‐containing sugars ( especially sugars‐sweetened beverages ) adding excess energy to diets have harmful effects .
Objective To assess the effect of different food sources of fructose‐containing sugars  on glycaemic control at different levels of energy control .
A randomized study of raisins versus alternative snacks on glycemic control and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Abstract Just as the type and duration of physical activity can have variable effects on the glucose levels and other cardiometabolic parameters among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) , so can the types of foods have variable effects as well . This 12-week r and omized study of 51 study participants evaluated the impact of routine consumption of dark raisins versus alternative processed snacks on glucose levels and other cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type T2DM . In this study , compared to alternative processed snacks , those who consumed raisins had a significant 23 % reduction in postpr and ial glucose levels ( P = 0.024 ) . Also compared to snacks , those who consumed raisins had a 19 % reduction in fasting glucose and 0.12 % reduction in hemoglobin A1c , although these latter findings did not achieve statistical significance . Regarding blood pressure , compared to alternative processed snacks , those who consumed raisins had a significant 8.7 mmHg reduction in systolic blood pressure ( P = 0.035 ) ( 7.5 % [ P = 0.031 ] ) but did not experience a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure . Compared to alternative processed snacks , those who consumed raisins did not have a significant improvement in body weight , body mass index , waist circumference , fasting insulin , homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance , total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL ) , triglyceride , or non-HDL cholesterol levels . Overall , these data support raisins as a healthy alternative compare to processed snacks in patients with T2DM
There was interaction by food source , with specific food sources showing beneficial effects ( fruit and fruit juice ) or harmful effects ( sweetened milk and mixed sources ) in substitution studies and harmful effects ( sugars‐sweetened beverages and fruit juice ) in addition studies on at least one outcome .
Conclusions Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose‐containing sugars on glycaemic control .
Although most food sources of these sugars ( especially fruit ) do not have a harmful effect in energy matched substitutions with other macronutrients , several food sources of fructose‐containing sugars ( especially sugars‐sweetened beverages ) adding excess energy to diets have harmful effects .
Objective To assess the effect of different food sources of fructose‐containing sugars  on glycaemic control at different levels of energy control .