The meta- analysis provides evidence that vegetarianism is associated with lower serum concentrations of hs-CRP when individuals follow a vegetarian diet for at least 2 years .
A vegetarian diet might be a useful approach to manage inflammaging in the long term
OBJECTIVE Vegetarian diets contain various anti-inflammatory components .
We aim ed to investigate the effects of  vegetarianism  on inflammatory biomarkers when compared with  omnivores .
Whole-grain wheat consumption reduces inflammation in a randomized controlled trial on overweight and obese subjects with unhealthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors: role of polyphenols bound to cereal dietary fiber.
BACKGROUND Epidemiology associates whole-grain ( WG ) consumption with several health benefits . Mounting evidence suggests that WG wheat polyphenols play a role in mechanisms underlying health benefits . OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess circulating concentration , excretion , and the physiologic role of WG wheat polyphenols in subjects with suboptimal dietary and lifestyle behaviors . DESIGN A placebo-controlled , parallel-group r and omized trial with 80 healthy overweight/obese subjects with low intake of fruit and vegetables and sedentary lifestyle was performed . Participants replaced precise portions of refined wheat ( RW ) with a fixed amount of selected WG wheat or RW products for 8 wk . At baseline and every 4 wk , blood , urine , feces , and anthropometric and body composition measures were collected . Profiles of phenolic acids in biological sample s , plasma markers of metabolic disease and inflammation , and fecal microbiota composition were assessed . RESULTS WG consumption for 4 - 8 wk determined a 4-fold increase in serum dihydroferulic acid ( DHFA ) and a 2-fold increase in fecal ferulic acid ( FA ) compared with RW consumption ( no changes ) . Similarly , urinary FA at 8 wk doubled the baseline concentration only in WG subjects . Concomitant reduction in plasma tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) after 8 wk and increased interleukin (IL)-10 only after 4 wk with WG compared with RW ( P = 0.04 ) were observed . No significant change in plasma metabolic disease markers over the study period was observed , but a trend toward lower plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 with higher excretion of FA and DHFA in the WG group was found . Fecal FA was associated with baseline low Bifidobacteriales and Bacteroidetes abundances , whereas after WG consumption , it correlated with increased Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes but reduced Clostridium . TNF-α reduction correlated with increased Bacteroides and Lactobacillus . No effect of dietary interventions on anthropometric measurements and body composition was found . CONCLUSIONS WG wheat consumption significantly increased excreted FA and circulating DHFA . Bacterial communities influenced fecal FA and were modified by WG wheat consumption . This trial was registered at clinical trials.gov as NCT01293175
The meta- analysis provides evidence that vegetarianism is associated with lower serum concentrations of hs-CRP when individuals follow a vegetarian diet for at least 2 years .
A vegetarian diet might be a useful approach to manage inflammaging in the long term
OBJECTIVE Vegetarian diets contain various anti-inflammatory components .
We aim ed to investigate the effects of  vegetarianism  on inflammatory biomarkers when compared with  omnivores .