For example , mammography screening does not seem to create anxiety in women who are given a clear result after a mammogram .
The incidence of breast cancer and mortality increases with age , and the GDG extrapolated that the absolute health benefits are greater in women aged 45 to 49 than those aged 40 to 44 years .
However , for the 45- to 49-year age group , the higher breast cancer incidence and mortality compared with women between the ages of 40 and 44 , as well as observational evidence showing a greater benefit in this age group ( 33 ) , led the GDG to judge that the balance of health effects probably favors screening , although the required re sources for screening likely differ across setting s ( 34 , 35 ) .
Other EtD criteria also were generally in favor of implementing organized mammography screening in this age group .
Despite intensified efforts by the European Council since 2003 , the implementation of organized , population -based mammography screening is not uniform across Europe and depends greatly on the policies in place in different countries , the organization of health care , and available re sources ( 1 ) .
Since the last edition of the European Guidelines on Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis was published in 2006 ( 2 ) , new evidence regarding breast cancer and innovation in guideline methodology prompted the European Commission Initiative on Breast Cancer ( ECIBC ) to develop new evidence -based recommendations ( in short , the European Breast Guidelines ) .
These guidelines inform women , health professionals , and policymakers about important questions related to organized mammography screening and breast cancer diagnosis , but recommendations may apply in context s in which organized screening programs are not in place .
Women generally consider these undesirable effects acceptable ( low certainty of evidence ) , and a systematic review suggested that women place a relatively low value on the psychosocial and physical effects of false-positive results and overdiagnosis ; however , some studies raised concerns about whether women fully underst and the result ing implication s ( 15 ) .
How Often Should Women Attend an Organized Mammography Screening Program ?
Digital Mammography versus Digital Mammography Plus Tomosynthesis for Breast Cancer Screening: The Reggio Emilia Tomosynthesis Randomized Trial.
Purpose To compare digital mammography ( DM ) plus digital breast tomo synthesis ( DBT ) versus DM alone for breast cancer screening in the Reggio Emilia Tomo synthesis trial , a two-arm test- and -treat r and omized controlled trial . Material s and Methods For this trial , eligible women ( 45 - 70 years old ) who previously participated in the Reggio Emilia screening program were invited for mammography .  Consenting women were r and omly assigned 1:1 to undergo DBT+DM or DM ( both of which involved two projections and double reading ) . Women were treated according to the decision at DBT+DM .  Sensitivity , recall rate , and positive predictive value ( PPV ) at baseline were determined ; the ratios of these rates for DBT+DM relative to DM alone were determined . Results From March 2014 to March 2016 , 9777 women were recruited to the DM+DBT arm of the study , and 9783 women were recruited to the DM arm ( mean age , 56.2 vs 56.3 years ) .  Recall was 3.5 % in both arms ; detection was 4.5 per 1000 ( 44 of 9783 ) and 8.6 per 1000 ( 83 of 9777 ) , respectively ( + 89 % ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] : 31 , 72 ) . PPV of the recall was 13.0 % and 24.1 % , respectively ( P = .0002 ) ; 72 of 80 cancers found in the DBT+DM arm and with complete DBT imaging were positive at least at one DBT-alone reading . The greater detection rate for DM+DBT  was stronger for ductal carcinoma in situ ( + 180 % , 95 % CI : 1 , 665 ) ; it was notable for small and medium invasive cancers , but not for large ones ( + 94 [ 95 % CI : 6 , 254 ] ; + 122 [ 95 % CI : 18 , 316 ] ; -12 [ 95 % CI : -68 , 141 ] ; for invasive cancers < 10 mm , 10 - 19 mm , and ≥ 20 mm , respectively ) .  Conclusion DBT+DM  depicts 90 % more cancers in a population previously screened with DM , with similar recall rates
For example , mammography screening does not seem to create anxiety in women who are given a clear result after a mammogram .
The incidence of breast cancer and mortality increases with age , and the GDG extrapolated that the absolute health benefits are greater in women aged 45 to 49 than those aged 40 to 44 years .
However , for the 45- to 49-year age group , the higher breast cancer incidence and mortality compared with women between the ages of 40 and 44 , as well as observational evidence showing a greater benefit in this age group ( 33 ) , led the GDG to judge that the balance of health effects probably favors screening , although the required re sources for screening likely differ across setting s ( 34 , 35 ) .
Other EtD criteria also were generally in favor of implementing organized mammography screening in this age group .
Despite intensified efforts by the European Council since 2003 , the implementation of organized , population -based mammography screening is not uniform across Europe and depends greatly on the policies in place in different countries , the organization of health care , and available re sources ( 1 ) .
Since the last edition of the European Guidelines on Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis was published in 2006 ( 2 ) , new evidence regarding breast cancer and innovation in guideline methodology prompted the European Commission Initiative on Breast Cancer ( ECIBC ) to develop new evidence -based recommendations ( in short , the European Breast Guidelines ) .
These guidelines inform women , health professionals , and policymakers about important questions related to organized mammography screening and breast cancer diagnosis , but recommendations may apply in context s in which organized screening programs are not in place .
Women generally consider these undesirable effects acceptable ( low certainty of evidence ) , and a systematic review suggested that women place a relatively low value on the psychosocial and physical effects of false-positive results and overdiagnosis ; however , some studies raised concerns about whether women fully underst and the result ing implication s ( 15 ) .
How Often Should Women Attend an Organized Mammography Screening Program ?