Key recommendations support use of  opioid-sparing perioperative medications  , minimal preoperative fasting and early feeding , use of anesthetic techniques that decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting and pain , use of measures to prevent intraoperative hypothermia , and support of early mobilization after surgery .
Background : Enhanced recovery following surgery can be achieved through the introduction of evidence -based perioperative maneuvers .
This review aims to present a consensus for optimal perioperative management of patients undergoing breast reconstructive surgery  and to provide evidence -based recommendations for an enhanced perioperative protocol .
Effects of preoperative oral carbohydrates and peptides on postoperative endocrine response, mobilization, nutrition and muscle function in abdominal surgery
Background : Surgery is succeeded by long‐lasting state of relative peripheral insulin resistance , which is reduced by giving glucose infusion or oral carbohydrate‐rich drinks immediate before operating instead of fasting . The aim of the present study was to investigate whether oral carbohydrate or carbohydrate with peptide drinks preoperatively instead of fasting would improve postoperative voluntary muscle strength , nutritional intake and ambulation , decrease postoperative fatigue , anxiety and discomfort , and reduce the endocrine response to surgery
Key recommendations support use of  opioid-sparing perioperative medications  , minimal preoperative fasting and early feeding , use of anesthetic techniques that decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting and pain , use of measures to prevent intraoperative hypothermia , and support of early mobilization after surgery .
Background : Enhanced recovery following surgery can be achieved through the introduction of evidence -based perioperative maneuvers .
This review aims to present a consensus for optimal perioperative management of patients undergoing breast reconstructive surgery  and to provide evidence -based recommendations for an enhanced perioperative protocol .