In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Comparative effects of fructose, aspartame, glucose, and water preloads on calorie and macronutrient intake.
Using a within-subjects design , we gave over-weight and normal-weight subjects a 500-mL drink of fructose , glucose , or aspartame diluted in lemon-flavored water or plain water in a r and omized fashion at about weekly intervals . Food intake was assessed at a buffet lunch that began 38 min after the preload was completed . Blood was drawn throughout and assayed for concentrations of glucose , insulin , glucagon , and free fatty acid . When subjects drank the fructose preload , they subsequently ate fewer overall calories and fewer grams of fat than when they drank any of the other preloads . The aspartame load did not stimulate intake beyond the plain-water control . The effects of the oxidation of fructose as a possible mechanism for the reduction in food intake is discussed . The effects of insulin in stimulating intake are also discussed
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .