In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy in Relation to Offspring Forearm Fractures: Prospective Study from the Danish National Birth Cohort
Limited evidence exists for an association between  maternal diet  during pregnancy and offspring bone health .  In a prospect i ve study , we examined the association between dietary patterns in mid-pregnancy and offspring forearm fractures .  In total , 101,042 pregnancies were recruited to the Danish National Birth Cohort ( DNBC ) during 1996–2002 .  Maternal diet was collected by a food frequency question naire . Associations were analyzed between seven dietary patterns extracted by principal component analysis and  offspring first occurrence of any forearm fracture diagnosis , extracted from the Danish National Patient Register , between time of birth and end of follow-up ( < 16 year ) ( n = 53,922 ) . In multivariable Cox regression models , offspring of mothers in the fourth vs. first quintile of the Western pattern had a significant increased risk ( Hazard ratio , 95 % confidence interval : 1.11 , 1.01–1.23 ) of fractures , and there was a borderline significant positive trend ( p = 0.06 ) . The other dietary patterns showed no associations and neither did supplementary analyses of macro- and micronutrients or single food groups , except for the intake of artificially sweetened soft drinks , which was positively associated with offspring forearm fractures ( p = 0.02 ) . In the large prospect i ve DNBC high mid-pregnancy consumption of Western diet and artificially sweetened soft drinks , respectively , indicated positive associations with offspring forearm fractures , which provides interesting hypotheses for future research
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .