Conclusions This meta- analysis has provided evidence that RS supplementation can improve fasting glucose , fasting insulin , insulin resistance and sensitivity , especially for diabetic with overweight or obesity .
Background The role of resistant starch ( RS ) in glucose , insulin , insulin resistance or sensitivity , and lipid parameters have been reported in several studies and remained controversial .
A pooled analysis which assessed these parameters has not been performed .
Thus , we conducted a meta- analysis to sum up existing evidence about the issue .
A randomized trial to determine the impact of a digestion resistant starch composition on the gut microbiome in older and mid-age adults.
BACKGROUND The elderly often have a diet lacking resistant starch ( RS ) which is thought to lead to gut microbiome dysbiosis that may result in deterioration of gut colonocytes . OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to assess if elderly ( ELD ; ≥ 70 years age ) had microbiome dysbiosis compared to mid-age ( MID ; 30 - 50 years age ) adults and then determine the impact of daily consumption of MSPrebiotic ® ( a RS ) or placebo over 3 months on gut microbiome composition . Secondary objectives included assessment of stool short-chain fatty acids ( SCFA ) and inflammatory markers in ELD and MID Canadian adults . DESIGN This was a prospect i ve , placebo controlled , r and omized , double-blinded study . Stool was collected at enrollment and 6 , 10 and 14 weeks after r and omization to placebo or MSPrebiotic ® . Microbiome analysis was done using 16S rRNA sequencing of DNA extracted from stool . SCFA analysis of stool was performed using gas chromatography . RESULTS There were 42 ELD and 42 MID participants r and omized to either placebo or MSPrebiotic ® who completed the study . There was significantly higher abundance of Proteobacteria ( Escherichia coli/Shigella ) in ELD compared to MID at enrollment ( p < 0.001 ) that was not observed after 12 weeks of MSPrebiotic ® consumption . There was a significant increase in Bifidobacterium in both ELD and MID compared to placebo ( p = 0.047 and 0.006 , respectively ) . There was a small but significant increase in the stool SCFA butyrate levels in the ELD on MSPrebiotic ® versus placebo . CONCLUSIONS The study data demonstrated that MSPrebiotic ® meets the criteria of a prebiotic and can stimulate an increased abundance of endogenous Bifidobacteria in both ELD and MID without additional probiotic supplementation . MSPrebiotic ® consumption also eliminated the dysbiosis of gut Proteobacteria observed in ELD at baseline . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER NCT01977183 listed on NIH website : Clinical Trials.gov . The full trial protocol is available on request from the corresponding author . NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE ACCESSION NUMBERS The 16S rRNA sequencing data and meta data generated in this study have been su bmi tted to the NCBI Sequence Read Archive ( SRA : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/381931 )
Conclusions This meta- analysis has provided evidence that RS supplementation can improve fasting glucose , fasting insulin , insulin resistance and sensitivity , especially for diabetic with overweight or obesity .
Background The role of resistant starch ( RS ) in glucose , insulin , insulin resistance or sensitivity , and lipid parameters have been reported in several studies and remained controversial .
A pooled analysis which assessed these parameters has not been performed .
Thus , we conducted a meta- analysis to sum up existing evidence about the issue .