Results Level of evidence from 54 high and medium quality studies showed moderate evidence of a positive effect of physical exercise .
Within this domain , there was strong evidence of a positive effect of workplace strength training .
There was limited evidence for ergonomics and strong evidence for no benefit of participatory ergonomics , multifaceted interventions , and stress management .
No intervention domains were associated with “ negative effects ” .
Conclusions The evidence synthesis recommends that implementing strength training at the workplace can reduce MSD  among workers with physically dem and ing work .
In regard to workplace ergonomics , there was not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practice s. Based on the scientific literature , participatory ergonomics and multifaceted workplace interventions seem to have no beneficial effect on reducing MSD among this group of workers .
Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to rehabilitate musculoskeletal disorders ( MSDs ) among employees with physically dem and ing work .
A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Total Worker Health® Intervention on Commercial Construction Sites
This study evaluated the efficacy of an integrated Total Worker Health ® program , “ All the Right Moves ” , design ed to target the conditions of work and workers ’ health behaviors through an ergonomics program combined with a worksite-based health promotion Health Week intervention . A matched-pair cluster r and omized controlled trial was conducted on ten worksites ( five intervention ( n = 324 ) ; five control sites ( n = 283 ) ) .  Worker surveys were collected at all sites pre- and post- exposure at one- and six-months . Linear and logistic regression models evaluated the effect of the intervention on pain and injury , dietary and physical activity behaviors , smoking , ergonomic practice s , and work limitations . Worker focus groups and manager interviews supplemented the evaluation . After controlling for matched intervention and control pairs as well as covariates , at one-month following the ergonomics program we observed a significant improvement in ergonomic practice s ( B = 0.20 , p = 0.002 ) , and a reduction in incidences of pain and injury ( OR = 0.58 , p = 0.012 ) in the intervention group . At six months , we observed differences in favor of the intervention group for a reduction in physically dem and ing work ( B = −0.25 , p = 0.008 ) , increased recreational physical activity ( B = 35.2 , p = 0.026 ) and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables ( B = 0.87 , p = 0.008 ) . Process evaluation revealed barriers to intervention implementation fidelity and uptake , including a fissured multiemployer worksite , the itinerant nature of workers , competing production pressures , management support , and inclement weather . The All the Right Moves program had a positive impact at the individual level on the worksites with the program . For the longer term , the multi-organizational structure in the construction work environment needs to be considered to facilitate more upstream , long-term changes
Results Level of evidence from 54 high and medium quality studies showed moderate evidence of a positive effect of physical exercise .
Within this domain , there was strong evidence of a positive effect of workplace strength training .
There was limited evidence for ergonomics and strong evidence for no benefit of participatory ergonomics , multifaceted interventions , and stress management .
No intervention domains were associated with “ negative effects ” .
Conclusions The evidence synthesis recommends that implementing strength training at the workplace can reduce MSD  among workers with physically dem and ing work .
In regard to workplace ergonomics , there was not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practice s. Based on the scientific literature , participatory ergonomics and multifaceted workplace interventions seem to have no beneficial effect on reducing MSD among this group of workers .
Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to rehabilitate musculoskeletal disorders ( MSDs ) among employees with physically dem and ing work .