Levels of other adipocytokines were not significantly affected .
CONCLUSION Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation may increase adiponectin and reduce TNF-α levels in this population group .
BACKGROUND The objective of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to determine the effects of omega-3 supplementation on adipocytokine levels in adult prediabetic and diabetic individuals .
Eicosapentaenoic acid improves glycemic control in elderly bedridden patients with type 2 diabetes.
Eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) and docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ) are ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids mainly contained in the blue-backed fish oil , and are effective in decreasing the lipids disorder and the cardiovascular incidence among diabetic patients . Moreover , it has been suggested that EPA and DHA may improve the insulin resistance and glucose metabolism . However , the clinical effects of EPA and DHA on glucose metabolism remain unclear . We aim ed to clarify the effects of EPA/DHA treatment on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus . This study was a multicenter prospect i ve r and omized controlled trial involving 30 elderly type 2 diabetic patients on a liquid diet .  Their exercises were almost zero and the content of their meals was strictly managed and understood well . Therefore , the difference by the individual 's life was a minimum . The subjects were divided into two groups : those receiving EPA/DHA-rich liquid diet [ EPA/DHA ( + ) ] or liquid diet lacking EPA/DHA [ EPA/DHA ( - ) ] . Changes in factors related to glucose and lipid metabolism were assessed after the three-month study . Serum concentrations of EPA rose in EPA/DHA ( + ) , although the levels of DHA and fasting C-peptide remained unchanged in EPA/DHA ( + ) . In addition , there was a significant decline in the fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) , hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) , fasting remnant-like particles and apolipoprotein ( apo ) B in EPA/DHA ( + ) , compared with the values in EPA/DHA ( - ) . EPA/DHA-rich diet might improve glucose metabolism in elderly type 2 diabetic patients on a liquid diet . This phenomenon may be due to the improved insulin resistance mediated by the rise in serum EPA concentrations
Levels of other adipocytokines were not significantly affected .
CONCLUSION Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation may increase adiponectin and reduce TNF-α levels in this population group .
BACKGROUND The objective of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to determine the effects of omega-3 supplementation on adipocytokine levels in adult prediabetic and diabetic individuals .