Community-based programmes achieved good results for most risk factors except BMI and ( glycated haemoglobin ) HbA1c .
INTRODUCTION Although cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) prevention programmes have been effective in urban residents , their effectiveness in non-urban setting s , where cardio-metabolic risk is typically elevated , is unknown .
We systematic ally review ed the effectiveness of primary prevention programmes aim ed at reducing risk factors for CVD/T2DM , including blood pressure , body mass index ( BMI ) , blood lipid and glucose , diet , lifestyle , and knowledge in adults residing in non-urban areas .
Effectiveness of telephone support in increasing physical activity levels in primary care patients.
BACKGROUND Physician counseling of patients  to increase physical activity has had limited success in changing behavior . Providing organizational support to primary care providers and their patients may increase effectiveness . OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the effectiveness of a telephone-based intervention to increase physical activity  among patients who exercised < 15 minutes daily and wanted to increase their physical activity over a 6-month period . DESIGN This was a r and omized controlled trial , conducted from 1997 to 1998 , of 316 patients aged 18 to 65 who were recruited from a mailed health risk assessment . Baseline and 6-month post-intervention telephone assessment s were conducted by telephone . SETTING One family physician 's patients in a suburban community . INTERVENTION Three sessions of telephone-delivered motivational counseling . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Physical activity score ( 11-item Physician-Based Assessment and Counseling for Exercise [ PACE ] ) 6 months after the intervention . RESULTS After adjusting for baseline exercise , there was a significantly higher level of self-reported exercise among individuals r and omized to the intervention at the 6-month follow-up . The mean level of activity at follow-up for the intervention group was a PACE score of 5.37 , compared to 4.98 in the control group ( p<0.05 ) . In the secondary analysis , which was limited to individuals who received the intervention , the effect was stronger ( PACE score of 5.58 compared to 4.94 , p<0.013 ) . CONCLUSIONS Patients can be recruited using a health-screening question naire to receive a telephone-delivered behavioral intervention to successfully increase their physical activity levels
Community-based programmes achieved good results for most risk factors except BMI and ( glycated haemoglobin ) HbA1c .
INTRODUCTION Although cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) prevention programmes have been effective in urban residents , their effectiveness in non-urban setting s , where cardio-metabolic risk is typically elevated , is unknown .
We systematic ally review ed the effectiveness of primary prevention programmes aim ed at reducing risk factors for CVD/T2DM , including blood pressure , body mass index ( BMI ) , blood lipid and glucose , diet , lifestyle , and knowledge in adults residing in non-urban areas .