Similar results were reported for total cholesterol .
Blood pressure reductions were noted but were non-significant when corrected for multimodal packages including enhanced pharmacotherapy compliance .
Conclusions There is currently insufficient high quality research to support lifestyle interventions post-stroke or TIA on mortality , CVD event rates and cardio-metabolic risk factor profiles .
Promising blood pressure reductions were noted in multimodal interventions which addressed lifestyle
Background and purpose Secondary prevention in ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack ( TIA ) is dominated by pharmacological interventions with evidence for non-pharmacological interventions being less robust .
This systematic review and meta- analysis examines the impact of lifestyle interventions on secondary prevention in stroke or TIA .
Randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy of a comprehensive programme of secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in general practice: the PREseAP study.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of a comprehensive program of secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in general practice . METHODS A cluster r and omized clinical trial was carried out in a regular general practice setting . Male and female patients aged under 86 years with a diagnosis of ischemic heart disease , stroke or peripheral artery disease were recruited between January 2004 and May 2005 . Study participants were seen at 42 health centers throughout the whole of Spain . The primary endpoint was the combination of all-cause mortality and hospital cardiovascular readmission at 3-year follow-up . RESULTS In total , 1224 patients were recruited : 624 in the intervention group and 600 in the control group . The primary endpoint was observed in 29.9 % ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 25.5 - 34.8 % ) in the intervention group and 25.6 % ( 22.3 - 29.2 % ) in the control group ( P=.15 ) . At the end of follow-up , 8.5 % ( 6.3 - 11.3 % ) in the intervention group and 11 % ( 7.4 - 16 % ) in the control group were smokers ( P=.07 ) . The mean waist circumference of patients in the intervention and control groups was 100.44 cm ( 95 % CI , 98.97 - 101.91 cm ) and 102.58 cm ( 95 % CI , 100.96 - 104.21 cm ) , respectively ( P=.07 ) . Overall , 20.9 % ( 15.6 - 27.7 % ) of patients in the intervention group and 29.6 % ( 23.9 - 36.1 % ) in the control group suffered from anxiety ( P=.05 ) , and 29.6 % ( 22.4 - 37.9 % ) in the intervention group and 41.4 % ( 35.8 - 47.3 % ) in the control group had depression ( P=.02 ) . CONCLUSIONS A comprehensive program of secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in general practice was not effective in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality . However , some factors associated with a healthy lifestyle were improved and anxiety and depression were reduced
Similar results were reported for total cholesterol .
Blood pressure reductions were noted but were non-significant when corrected for multimodal packages including enhanced pharmacotherapy compliance .
Conclusions There is currently insufficient high quality research to support lifestyle interventions post-stroke or TIA on mortality , CVD event rates and cardio-metabolic risk factor profiles .
Promising blood pressure reductions were noted in multimodal interventions which addressed lifestyle
Background and purpose Secondary prevention in ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack ( TIA ) is dominated by pharmacological interventions with evidence for non-pharmacological interventions being less robust .
This systematic review and meta- analysis examines the impact of lifestyle interventions on secondary prevention in stroke or TIA .