Overall , there is little direct evidence for components of ERAS , with much derived from nonesophageal thoracoabdominal surgery .
ERAS in principle seems logical and safe for esophagectomy .
OBJECTIVE This article aims to provide the first systematic review of enhanced recovery after surgery ( ERAS ) programs for  esophagectomy  and generate guidelines .
BACKGROUND ERAS programs use multimodal approaches to reduce complications and accelerate recovery .
Although ERAS is well established in colorectal surgery , experience after esophagectomy has been minimal .
However , esophagectomy remains an extremely high-risk operation , commonly performed in patients with significant comorbidities .
Consequently , ERAS may have a significant role to play in improving outcomes .
No guidelines or review s have been published in esophagectomy .
Complications of needle catheter jejunostomy in 2,022 consecutive applications.
BACKGROUND We commonly use needle catheter jejunostomy ( NCJ ) for early enteral feeding in selected patients . Review of our approach was prompted by the suggestion that enteral feeding represents a " stress test " for the bowel and may be associated with a high complication rate . MATERIAL S AND METHODS We review ed patients with NCJ inserted over the past 16 years by prospect i ve data base , chart review , and conference minutes , with emphasis on complications . RESULTS During the conduct of 28,121 laparotomies , 2,022 NCJs inserted in 1,938 patients ( 7.2 % ) result ed in 34 NCJ-related complications in 29 patients ( 1.5 % ) The most common complication was premature loss of the catheter from occlusion or dislodgment ( n = 15 ; 0.74 % ) , and the most serious was bowel necrosis ( n = 3 ; 0.15 % ) . CONCLUSIONS Needle catheter jejunostomy may be inserted and used with a low complication rate . Most complications were preventable through greater attention to detail and better monitoring of physical examination of patients with marginal gut function
Overall , there is little direct evidence for components of ERAS , with much derived from nonesophageal thoracoabdominal surgery .
ERAS in principle seems logical and safe for esophagectomy .
OBJECTIVE This article aims to provide the first systematic review of enhanced recovery after surgery ( ERAS ) programs for  esophagectomy  and generate guidelines .
BACKGROUND ERAS programs use multimodal approaches to reduce complications and accelerate recovery .
Although ERAS is well established in colorectal surgery , experience after esophagectomy has been minimal .
However , esophagectomy remains an extremely high-risk operation , commonly performed in patients with significant comorbidities .
Consequently , ERAS may have a significant role to play in improving outcomes .
No guidelines or review s have been published in esophagectomy .