For hip fracture , at a 15 % relative risk , the effect estimate lay between the futility boundary and the inferior boundary , meaning there is reliable evidence that vitamin D supplementation does not reduce hip fractures by this amount , but uncertainty remains as to whether it might increase hip fractures .
The effect estimate lay within the futility boundary at thresholds of 0·5 % for total hip , forearm , and total body bone mineral density , and 1·0 % for lumbar spine and femoral neck , providing reliable evidence that vitamin D does not alter these outcomes by these amounts .
INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation does not prevent fractures or falls , or have clinical ly meaningful effects on bone mineral density .
There were no differences between the effects of higher and lower doses of vitamin D. There is little justification to use vitamin D supplements to maintain or improve musculoskeletal health .
BACKGROUND The effects of vitamin D on fractures , falls , and bone mineral density are uncertain , particularly for high vitamin D doses .
We aim ed to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on fractures , falls , and bone density .
Vitamin D supplementation after parathyroidectomy: effect on bone mineral density-a randomized double-blind study.
Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism ( PHPT ) have higher bone turnover , lower bone mineral density ( BMD ) , and an increased risk of fractures . They also have a high incidence of low vitamin D levels ( 25-OH-vitamin D < 50 nmol/L ) that could worsen the negative effect on the bone . In this double-blinded clinical trial , 150 patients with PHPT were r and omized , after successful parathyroidectomy ( PTX ) , to 1-year daily treatment with either cholecalciferol 1600 IU and calcium carbonate 1000 mg ( D+ ) or calcium carbonate alone ( D- ) . BMD was measured in the lumbar spine , femoral neck , total hip , distal and 33 % radius using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( DXA ) before surgery and after 1 year of study medication . Median age was 60 ( range 30 - 80 ) years and there were 119 ( 79 % ) women and 31 ( 21 % ) men ; 76 % had 25-OH-D < 50 nmol/L before PTX and 50 % had persistent elevated parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) 6 weeks after PTX . A similar increase in BMD in the lumbar spine , femoral neck , and total hip was observed in both groups ( D+ : 3.6 % , 3.2 % , and 2.7 % , p<0.001 , respectively ; and D- : 3.0 % , 2.3 % , and 2.1 % , respectively , p<0.001 ) . Patients with vitamin D supplementation also increased their BMD in distal radius ( median 2.0 % ; interquartile range , -1.7 % to 5.4 % ; p=0.013 ) . The changes in BMD , especially in the hips , were correlated to the baseline concentrations of PTH , ionized calcium , and bone markers ( p<0.001 ) . A benefit from vitamin D substitution was observed among patients with a persistent postoperative PTH elevation , who also improved their BMD at 33 % radius and radius ultradistal ( p<0.05 ) . In conclusion , except for a minor improvement of radius BMD , our data show no beneficial effect on BMD or bone turnover markers of vitamin D supplementation after PTX . Preoperative PTH seems to have the strongest association with improvement in BMD
For hip fracture , at a 15 % relative risk , the effect estimate lay between the futility boundary and the inferior boundary , meaning there is reliable evidence that vitamin D supplementation does not reduce hip fractures by this amount , but uncertainty remains as to whether it might increase hip fractures .
The effect estimate lay within the futility boundary at thresholds of 0·5 % for total hip , forearm , and total body bone mineral density , and 1·0 % for lumbar spine and femoral neck , providing reliable evidence that vitamin D does not alter these outcomes by these amounts .
INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation does not prevent fractures or falls , or have clinical ly meaningful effects on bone mineral density .
There were no differences between the effects of higher and lower doses of vitamin D. There is little justification to use vitamin D supplements to maintain or improve musculoskeletal health .
BACKGROUND The effects of vitamin D on fractures , falls , and bone mineral density are uncertain , particularly for high vitamin D doses .
We aim ed to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on fractures , falls , and bone density .