The most commonly described determinants at the patient level were lack of education , lack of self-awareness , lack of self-efficacy , and forgetfulness .
Clinical inertia and an inadequate health workforce were the most commonly targeted determinants at the health care team and system level .
Taking medication , interactive patient-provider communication , self-measurement , and lifestyle management were the most cited patient behaviors at both levels .
Most of the DIs did not include support from peers or family members , despite its reported effectiveness and the rate of social media penetration .
Background Information on how behavior change strategies have been used to design digital interventions ( DIs ) to improve blood pressure ( BP ) control or medication adherence ( MA ) for patients with hypertension is currently limited .
Objective Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can be controlled with appropriate medication .
Many interventions that target MA to improve BP are increasingly using modern digital technologies .
This systematic review was conducted to discover how DIs have been design ed to improve MA and BP control among patients with hypertension in the recent 10 years .
Feasibility of treating prehypertension with an angiotensin-receptor blocker.
BACKGROUND Prehypertension is considered a precursor of stage 1 hypertension and a predictor of excessive cardiovascular risk . We investigated whether pharmacologic treatment of prehypertension prevents or postpones stage 1 hypertension . METHODS Participants with repeated measurements of systolic pressure of 130 to 139 mm Hg and diastolic pressure of 89 mm Hg or lower , or systolic pressure of 139 mm Hg or lower and diastolic pressure of 85 to 89 mm Hg , were r and omly assigned to receive two years of c and esartan ( Atac and , AstraZeneca ) or placebo , followed by two years of placebo for all . When a participant reached the study end point of stage 1 hypertension , treatment with antihypertensive agents was initiated . Both the c and esartan group and the placebo group were instructed to make changes in lifestyle to reduce blood pressure throughout the trial . RESULTS A total of 409 participants were r and omly assigned to c and esartan , and 400 to placebo . Data on 772 participants ( 391 in the c and esartan group and 381 in the placebo group ; mean age , 48.5 years ; 59.6 percent men ) were available for analysis . During the first two years , hypertension developed in 154 participants in the placebo group and 53 of those in the c and esartan group ( relative risk reduction , 66.3 percent ; P<0.001 ) . After four years , hypertension had developed in 240 participants in the placebo group and 208 of those in the c and esartan group ( relative risk reduction , 15.6 percent ; P<0.007 ) . Serious adverse events occurred in 3.5 percent of the participants assigned to c and esartan and 5.9 percent of those receiving placebo . CONCLUSIONS Over a period of four years , stage 1 hypertension developed in nearly two thirds of patients with untreated prehypertension ( the placebo group ) . Treatment of prehypertension with c and esartan appeared to be well tolerated and reduced the risk of incident hypertension during the study period . Thus , treatment of prehypertension appears to be feasible . ( Clinical Trials.gov number , NCT00227318 . )
The most commonly described determinants at the patient level were lack of education , lack of self-awareness , lack of self-efficacy , and forgetfulness .
Clinical inertia and an inadequate health workforce were the most commonly targeted determinants at the health care team and system level .
Taking medication , interactive patient-provider communication , self-measurement , and lifestyle management were the most cited patient behaviors at both levels .
Most of the DIs did not include support from peers or family members , despite its reported effectiveness and the rate of social media penetration .
Background Information on how behavior change strategies have been used to design digital interventions ( DIs ) to improve blood pressure ( BP ) control or medication adherence ( MA ) for patients with hypertension is currently limited .
Objective Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can be controlled with appropriate medication .
Many interventions that target MA to improve BP are increasingly using modern digital technologies .
This systematic review was conducted to discover how DIs have been design ed to improve MA and BP control among patients with hypertension in the recent 10 years .