Conclusions Large r and omized controlled trials of at least 6 months duration with carbohydrate restriction appear superior in improving lipid markers when compared with low-fat diets .
Context Carbohydrate-restricted diets may increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and thereby cardiovascular risk .
Objective A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted to compare the effects of very low , low , and moderate carbohydrate , higher fat diets versus high-carbohydrate , low-fat diets on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other lipid markers in overweight/obese adults .
Long-term effects of a low carbohydrate, low fat or high unsaturated fat diet compared to a no-intervention control.
BACKGROUND AND AIM Very low carbohydrate ad libitum diets have been shown to enhance weight loss without increasing cardiometabolic risk factors but no kilojoule-controlled trials have been conducted relative to no intervention . The aim of this study was to compare the changes in weight and other cardiovascular risk factors in 3 isocaloric energy-restricted diets to no-intervention control after 1 year . METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred and thirteen subjects ( age 47 ± 10 years , BMI 32 ± 6 kg/m(2 ) with one additional cardiovascular risk factor ) were r and omly allocated to one of three isocaloric diets ( VLC-very low carbohydrate , 60 % fat , 4 % carbohydrate , n=30 ; VLF-very low fat , 10 % fat , n = 30 ; HUF-high unsaturated fat , 30 % fat , n = 30 ) with intensive support for 3 months followed by minimal support for 12 months compared to a control group ( no intervention , n = 23 ) . The estimated weight change was -3.0 ± 0.2 kg for VLC , -2.0 ± 0.1 kg for VLF , -3.7 ± 0.01 kg for HUF and 0.8 ± 0.5 kg for controls ( P=0.065 ) . After correcting for baseline values , decreases in body weight and diastolic blood pressure in the diet groups ( -2.9 ± 5.2 ) were significantly different to the increase in the control group ( 0.8 ± 5.0 ) ( P<0.05 ) . No differences in cardiovascular risk factors were observed between the diet groups . CONCLUSION Significant cardiometabolic risk factor reduction was observed equally with VLC , VLF and HUF diets after 15 months , compared to an exacerbation of risk factors in the control group . At a modest level of adherence , 3 months of intensive support on these dietary patterns confer an improvement in cardiometabolic profile compared to no dietary intervention after 15 months
Conclusions Large r and omized controlled trials of at least 6 months duration with carbohydrate restriction appear superior in improving lipid markers when compared with low-fat diets .
Context Carbohydrate-restricted diets may increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and thereby cardiovascular risk .
Objective A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted to compare the effects of very low , low , and moderate carbohydrate , higher fat diets versus high-carbohydrate , low-fat diets on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other lipid markers in overweight/obese adults .