Administration of antibiotic prophylaxis more than 120 minutes before incision or after incision is associated a higher risk of surgical site infections than administration less than 120 minutes before incision .
Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the effect of timing of preoperative surgical antibiotic prophylaxis ( SAP ) on  surgical site infection ( SSI )  and compare the different timing intervals .
The benefit of routine use of SAP prior to surgery has long been recognized .
However , the optimal timing has not been defined .
Risk of surgical site infection and efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis: a cohort study of appendectomy patients in Thailand
Background No data currently exist about use of antibiotics to prevent surgical site infections ( SSI )  among patients undergoing appendectomy in Thail and . We therefore examined risk factors , use , and efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics for surgical site infection SSI among patients with uncomplicated open appendectomy . Methods From July 1 , 2003 to June 30 , 2004 we conducted a prospect i ve cohort study in eight hospitals in Thail and . We used the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance ( NNIS ) system criteria to identify SSI associated with appendectomy . We used logistic regression analysis to obtain relative risk estimates for predictors of SSI . Results Among 2139 appendectomy patients , we identified 26 SSIs , yielding a SSI rate of 1.2 infections/100 operations . Ninety-two percent of all patients ( 95 % CI , 91.0–93.3 ) received antibiotic prophylaxis . Metronidazole and gentamicin were the two most common antibiotic agents , with a combined single dose administered in 39 % of cases . In 54 % of cases , antibiotic prophylaxis was administered for one day . We found that a prolonged duration of operation was significantly associated with an increased SSI risk . Antibiotic prophylaxis was significantly associated with a decreased risk of SSI regardless of whether the antibiotic was administered preoperatively or intraoperatively . Compared with no antibiotic prophylaxis , SSI relative risks for combined single-dose of metronidazole and gentamicin , one-day prophylaxis , and multiple-day antibiotic prophylaxis were 0.28 ( 0.09–0.90 ) , 0.30 ( 0.11–0.88 ) and 0.32 ( 0.10–0.98 ) , respectively . ConclusionS ingle-dose combination of metronidazole and gentamicin seems sufficient to reduce SSIs in uncomplicated appendicitis patients despite whether the antibiotic was administered preoperatively or intraoperatively
Administration of antibiotic prophylaxis more than 120 minutes before incision or after incision is associated a higher risk of surgical site infections than administration less than 120 minutes before incision .
Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the effect of timing of preoperative surgical antibiotic prophylaxis ( SAP ) on  surgical site infection ( SSI )  and compare the different timing intervals .
The benefit of routine use of SAP prior to surgery has long been recognized .
However , the optimal timing has not been defined .