Based on available evidence , the NRS-11 , FPS-R , and CAS were strongly recommended for self-report of acute pain .
Only weak recommendations could be made for self-report measures for postoperative and chronic pain .
No measures were recommended for children younger than 6 years , identifying a need for further measurement refinement in this age range .
Abstract In 2006 , PAIN published a systematic review of the measurement properties of self-report pain intensity measures  in children and adolescents ( Stinson JN , Kavanagh T , Yamada J , Gill N , Stevens B. Systematic review of the psychometric properties , interpretability and feasibility of self-report pain intensity measures for use in clinical trials in children and adolescents .
Key developments in pediatric pain necessitate an up date of this work , most notably growing use of the 11-point numeric rating scale ( NRS-11 ) .
Our aim was to review the measurement properties of single-item self-report pain intensity measures in children 3 to 18 years old .
A secondary aim was to develop evidence -based recommendations for measurement of child and adolescent self-report of acute , postoperative , and chronic pain .
Children's ratings of the intensity and unpleasantness of post-operative pain using facial expression scales.
This study explored whether global unidimensional self-report pain scales based on facial expression help children separately estimate the sensory and affective magnitude of post-operative pain . Ninety paediatric elective surgery patients ( in two age groups : 5 - 9 and 10 - 15 years ) used each of four scales to estimate pain intensity and pain affect during the first 2 days after surgery . The four scales were :  Faces Pain Scale ( FPS ) , Facial Affective Scale ( FAS ) , and the Coloured Analogue Scale ( CAS )  ( one for intensity and one for unpleasantness ) . As hypothesised , ratings on the FPS correlated more highly with analogue scale ratings for intensity than for unpleasantness , whereas ratings on the FAS correlated more highly with those on the analogue scale for unpleasantness than for intensity . Factor analysis indicated that although all measures loaded on a single dimension of distress , there was an additional weaker factor corresponding to a unique contribution of the FAS . No systematic age effects were observed . It was concluded that the FPS and the FAS may partly measure different aspects of the postoperative pain experience in children , although shared instrument variance may obscure true estimates of covariation in ratings of intensity and affective magnitude . The clinical relevance of the present results remains to be determined
Based on available evidence , the NRS-11 , FPS-R , and CAS were strongly recommended for self-report of acute pain .
Only weak recommendations could be made for self-report measures for postoperative and chronic pain .
No measures were recommended for children younger than 6 years , identifying a need for further measurement refinement in this age range .
Abstract In 2006 , PAIN published a systematic review of the measurement properties of self-report pain intensity measures  in children and adolescents ( Stinson JN , Kavanagh T , Yamada J , Gill N , Stevens B. Systematic review of the psychometric properties , interpretability and feasibility of self-report pain intensity measures for use in clinical trials in children and adolescents .
Key developments in pediatric pain necessitate an up date of this work , most notably growing use of the 11-point numeric rating scale ( NRS-11 ) .
Our aim was to review the measurement properties of single-item self-report pain intensity measures in children 3 to 18 years old .
A secondary aim was to develop evidence -based recommendations for measurement of child and adolescent self-report of acute , postoperative , and chronic pain .