Based on the evidence review ed , low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets are not superior to other dietary approaches for weight loss .
These diets may have advantages related to appetite control , triglyceride reduction , and reduction in the use of medication in T2D management .
The evidence review ed showed mixed effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with some studies showing an increase .
There was no clear evidence for advantages regarding effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers .
Historically , low-carbohydrate ( CHO ) and very-low-CHO diets have been used for weight loss .
Recently , these diets have been promoted for type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) management .
This scientific statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence base available from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses on the effects of low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets on body weight , lipoprotein lipids , glycemic control , and other cardiometabolic risk factors .
On the relationship between ketonuria and natriuresis during fasting and upon refeeding in obese patients *
Abstract . This study was conducted to assess whether the natriuresis occurring early in a fast , and the renal sodium retention setting in upon carbohydrate or protein refeeding , can be entirely accounted for on the basis of concomitant changes in renal ketone body and ammonia excretion . To this end , the renal excretion of sodium , 3‐hydroxybutyrate ( 3‐OHB ) and ammonium was determined in non‐diabetic obese subjects su bmi tted to total fast according to the following protocol s : ( 1 ) 6 day fast : considered as control group ( n= 11 ) ; ( 2 ) 8 day fast save for an isolated 100 g oral glucose load on day 4 ( n= 12 ) ; ( 3 ) 8 day fast with , on day 4 , the same glucose load followed by a 6 h infusion of glucagon , 1 mg in 500 ml 5 % glucose ( n= 7 ) ; ( 4 ) 5 day total fast followed by 3 days of protein refeeding ( 53 g protein daily ; n = 8) . All subjects were refed with a mixed 4.2 MJ diet at the end of the studies
Based on the evidence review ed , low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets are not superior to other dietary approaches for weight loss .
These diets may have advantages related to appetite control , triglyceride reduction , and reduction in the use of medication in T2D management .
The evidence review ed showed mixed effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with some studies showing an increase .
There was no clear evidence for advantages regarding effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers .
Historically , low-carbohydrate ( CHO ) and very-low-CHO diets have been used for weight loss .
Recently , these diets have been promoted for type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) management .
This scientific statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence base available from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses on the effects of low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets on body weight , lipoprotein lipids , glycemic control , and other cardiometabolic risk factors .