Conclusion : Cocoa/DC supplementation does not reduce anthropometric measures significantly .
However subgroup analysis regarding dose ( ≥ 30 g/day ) and duration ( between 4 to 8 weeks ) revealed significant reduction of body weight and BMI
ABSTRACT Background : Cocoa and dark chocolate ( DC ) have been reported to be effective for health promotion ; however the exact effect of cocoa/DC on anthropometric measures have not been yet defined .
Multifaceted nutritional intervention among nursing-home residents has a positive influence on nutrition and function.
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that a multifaceted 11-wk intervention comprising nutrition , group exercise , and oral care would have a significant influence on nutrition and function in elderly ( > or=65 y ) nursing-home residents . METHODS The study was an 11-wk r and omized controlled intervention study with nutrition ( chocolate and homemade oral supplements ) , group exercise twice a week ( 45 - 60 min , moderate intensity ) , and oral care intervention one to two times a week , with the aim of improving nutritional status and function in elderly nursing-home residents . A follow-up visit was made 4 mo after the end of the intervention . Assessment s were weight , body mass index , dietary intake , h and grip strength , Senior Fitness Test , Berg 's Balance Scale , and the prevalence of plaque . RESULTS A total of 121 subjects ( 61 % ) accepted the invitation and 62 were r and omized to the intervention group . Six of these dropped out during the 11 wk . At the 4-mo follow-up there were 15 deaths in the intervention group and 8 in the control group . The nutrition and exercise were well tolerated . After 11 wk the change in percentage of weight ( P = 0.005 ) , percentage of body mass index ( P = 0.003 ) , energy intake ( P = 0.084 ) , protein intake ( P = 0.012 ) , and Berg 's Balance Scale ( P = 0.004 ) was higher in the intervention group than in the control group . In addition , the percentage of subjects whose functional tests improved was higher in the intervention group . Both groups lost the same percentage of weight after the intervention ( P = 0.908 ) . The total percentage of weight loss from baseline to follow-up was higher in the control group ( P = 0.019 ) . Oral care was not well accepted and the prevalence of plaque did not change . CONCLUSION It is possible to improve nutrition and function in elderly nursing-home residents by means of a multifaceted intervention consisting of chocolate , homemade supplements , group exercise , and oral care
Conclusion : Cocoa/DC supplementation does not reduce anthropometric measures significantly .
However subgroup analysis regarding dose ( ≥ 30 g/day ) and duration ( between 4 to 8 weeks ) revealed significant reduction of body weight and BMI
ABSTRACT Background : Cocoa and dark chocolate ( DC ) have been reported to be effective for health promotion ; however the exact effect of cocoa/DC on anthropometric measures have not been yet defined .