Studies were primarily related to the assessment of pain in relation to surgical procedures , and no clear distinction was made concerning the onset of acute and chronic pain .
The metrics used within the tools appeared to focus primarily on the sensory aspect of pain , with no study clearly discriminating between the sensory and affective components of pain .
Objectives The objectives were to review systematic ally the range of assessment tools used in cats to detect the behavioural expression of pain and the evidence of their quality ; and to examine behavioural metrics ( considering both the sensory and affective domains ) used to assess pain .
Dose range finding study for the efficacy of meloxicam administered prior to sodium urate-induced synovitis in cats.
OBJECTIVE To determine the lowest efficacious dose of oral meloxicam for relieving pain in cats with a sodium urate (SU)-induced acute inflammatory synovitis . STUDY DESIGN R and omized , blinded , controlled , and four-way crossover study . ANIMALS Eight surgically neutered cats ( four males , four females ) paired according to sex . METHODS Each pair of cats was treated with 0 ( placebo ) , 0.025 , 0.05 , or 0.075 mg kg(-1 ) oral meloxicam once daily for 4 days prior to injection , into alternating stifles , of 1 mL of 20 mg mL(-1 ) SU crystals , beginning with the right stifle . Each cat received each of the four treatments , separated by at least 21 days . Analgesic efficacy was evaluated based on objective ( e.g. , pressure mat data total force , contact pressure , and contact area ) and subjective ( e.g. , scores for Analgesia Scale [ AS ] , Lameness Scale [ LS ] , and Visual Analog Scale [ VAS ] ) outcome measures for pain assessment . All outcome measures were recorded before and during 30 hours after SU injection . The pre-defined primary outcome measure was the area under the response-time curve ( AUC(0 - 30 ) hours ) of the total force of the injected limb . Data were analyzed by analysis of variance . A sequential test procedure was applied and the test sequence stopped in case of a nonsignificant result . RESULTS Meloxicam at doses of 0.05 and 0.075 mg kg(-1 ) day(-1 ) PO was significantly different from placebo for the pre-defined primary outcome measure ( i.e. , AUC(0 - 30 ) hours of total force ) . All tested meloxicam doses were lower than placebo for the subjective outcome measures ( i.e. , AUC(0 - 30 ) hours of AS , LS , and VAS ) . CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The lowest efficacious dose of meloxicam for relieving pain in cats with an SU-induced synovitis was 0.05 mg kg(-1 ) day(-1 ) PO according to the pre-defined primary outcome measure . However , lower doses may also be effective as seen in the subjective outcome measures
Studies were primarily related to the assessment of pain in relation to surgical procedures , and no clear distinction was made concerning the onset of acute and chronic pain .
The metrics used within the tools appeared to focus primarily on the sensory aspect of pain , with no study clearly discriminating between the sensory and affective components of pain .
Objectives The objectives were to review systematic ally the range of assessment tools used in cats to detect the behavioural expression of pain and the evidence of their quality ; and to examine behavioural metrics ( considering both the sensory and affective domains ) used to assess pain .