Results Strong evidence was found for an inverse association between MF and total and central adiposity , and CVD and metabolic risk factors .
Strong evidence was also found for a positive association between MF and bone health and self-esteem .
Conclusion The findings of this review highlight the importance of developing MF in youth for a number of health-related benefits
Background Physical fitness during childhood and adolescence has been identified as an important determinant of current and future health status .
While research has traditionally focused on the association between cardio-respiratory fitness and health outcomes , the association between muscular fitness ( MF ) and health status has recently received increased attention .
Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to evaluate the potential physiological and psychological benefits associated with MF among children and adolescents .
Weight-bearing, muscle loading and bone mineral accrual in pubertal girls--a 2-year longitudinal study.
OBJECTIVES The mechanical environment is considered to be the most important determinant of bone strength . Local muscle force , in turn , is regarded as the largest source of loading applied to bones . However , the effect of weight-bearing on bone mineral accrual is unclear . Comparing the relationship between muscle force and bone mineral content ( BMC ) in the upper and lower limbs provides a means of investigating this issue . SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study group comprised 258 healthy girls aged 10 - 13 years old at baseline .  BMC , lean body mass ( LM ) and fat body mass ( FM ) of total body were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and 2 years after . The maximal isometric voluntary contraction ( MVC ) of left elbow flexors and knee extensors was evaluated by a dynamometer . A hierarchical linear statistical model with r and om effects was used to analyze the relationship between BMC and limb-matched MVC . Fisher 's z-transformation was used to compare the correlation coefficients between arms and legs . The ratio of BMC to MVC ( BMC /MVC ) in upper and lower limbs was compared using Student 's t-test . RESULTS BMC was highly correlated with MVC in arms and legs ( r(2)=0.54 and 0.50 , respectively ) , and the correlation coefficients did not differ between upper and lower limbs . On the other h and , BMC /MVC was significantly ( 30 % ) higher in leg than in arm . CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that local muscle contraction and weight-bearing exert an additive effect on bone mass accretion in the lower limbs . Exercise regimes combining resistance and impact training should provide larger bone response than either one of them alone in growing children
Results Strong evidence was found for an inverse association between MF and total and central adiposity , and CVD and metabolic risk factors .
Strong evidence was also found for a positive association between MF and bone health and self-esteem .
Conclusion The findings of this review highlight the importance of developing MF in youth for a number of health-related benefits
Background Physical fitness during childhood and adolescence has been identified as an important determinant of current and future health status .
While research has traditionally focused on the association between cardio-respiratory fitness and health outcomes , the association between muscular fitness ( MF ) and health status has recently received increased attention .
Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to evaluate the potential physiological and psychological benefits associated with MF among children and adolescents .