Conclusion There are many risk factors associated with developing an infection after elective shoulder surgery .
The findings of this systematic review are clinical ly relevant as it has been shown that infection after shoulder surgery results in poor patient-reported outcomes and pose a significant financial burden .
Purpose Infection is a concern after all orthopedic procedures , including shoulder surgery .
This systematic review of literature aim ed to determine risk factors for infection as well as the availability and effectiveness of measures utilized to prevent infection after elective shoulder surgery .
Successful Continuous Interscalene Analgesia for Ambulatory Shoulder Surgery in a Private Practice Setting
Background and Objectives : Large prospect i ve studies evaluating continuous interscalene block for shoulder surgery have thus far been limited to inpatient and university teaching practice s. Shoulder surgery is increasingly being performed on an outpatient basis . The aim of this case series was to prospect ively evaluate a large series of interscalene catheters for ambulatory shoulder surgery in a private practice setting . Methods : A single operator placed nonstimulating catheters using a combination of ultrasound and nerve stimulation . Following postanesthesia care unit ( PACU ) discharge , opioid‐like analgesic adjuvants other than tramadol were avoided unless patients experienced inadequate pain relief . All patients were assessed in the PACU , on the first postoperative morning , and at 3 weeks for catheter effectiveness and for acute and chronic complications . Pain scores and patient satisfaction were assessed in subgroups of 100 consecutive patients . Results : Three hundred patients were studied .  The first attempt catheter success rate was 96 % . In all but 1 patient , ineffective catheters in the PACU were effectively reinserted . Thirteen patients experienced inadequate pain relief after leaving the PACU . Of these patients , 5 were rescued with additional ropivacaine , 3 had the catheter effectively reinserted , and 5 were managed with oral opioids . One patient required antibiotic treatment for catheter site infection . Neurological sequelae potentially attributable to the catheter were present in 3 patients at 3 weeks , and remained in 1 patient at 4 weeks . This patient 's symptoms resolved at 6 months . Conclusions : Continuous interscalene block for ambulatory shoulder surgery in a private practice setting had a high success rate , a low complication rate , and enabled the avoidance of the use of potent opioids in 98 % of patients
Conclusion There are many risk factors associated with developing an infection after elective shoulder surgery .
The findings of this systematic review are clinical ly relevant as it has been shown that infection after shoulder surgery results in poor patient-reported outcomes and pose a significant financial burden .
Purpose Infection is a concern after all orthopedic procedures , including shoulder surgery .
This systematic review of literature aim ed to determine risk factors for infection as well as the availability and effectiveness of measures utilized to prevent infection after elective shoulder surgery .