There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Physical activity across the curriculum (PAAC): rationale and design.
BACKGROUND Over the years schools have reduced physical education and recess time in favor of more academic instruction . Due to the drastic rise in obesity levels among children , some states have begun to m and ate minimum amounts of physical activity ( PA ) that school children receive , causing schools to find alternative methods for increasing PA levels . Physical Activity Across the Curriculum ( PAAC ) is a 3-year r and omized clinical trial incorporating moderate-intensity PA in elementary schools to reduce childhood obesity . This paper describes the rational , design , and methods of the PAAC intervention study . METHODS Twenty-two elementary schools were r and omized to either a control or intervention condition . In schools r and omized to the intervention condition ( PAAC ) , regular classroom teachers were taught how to incorporate PA into st and ard academic lessons . Teachers were asked to accumulate 90 - 100 min/week of PAAC each week through out the 3-year study period . Schools r and omized to the control group did not alter their teaching methods . Direct observation of PA levels in the classroom was collected weekly . Height and weight was measured twice a year to calculate BMI . RESULTS Two years of the intervention have been completed and only one school has left the study . The remaining 21 schools are participating in the final intervention year . CONCLUSIONS The results from the PAAC intervention may provide schools with an alternative method to increase PA levels in children and reduce childhood obesity
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .