In general , when given alongside gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in most diets compared to diets that gave gestational weight gain advice only .
However , fasting glucose increased in high unsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids diets .
In the absence of gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in DASH-style diets compared to st and ard of care .
Although most were non-significant , similar trends were observed for these same diets for the other glycemic outcomes .
/INTERPRETATION Alongside with gestational weight gain advice , most diets , with the exception of a high unsaturated or a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet , demonstrated a fasting glucose improvement compared with gestational weight gain advice only .
When gestational weight gain advice was not given , the DASH-style diet appeared optimal on fasting glucose .
However , a small number of trials were identified and most dietary comparisons were underpowered to detect differences in glycemic outcomes .
AIMS Evidence to support dietary modifications to improve glycemia during pregnancy is limited , and the benefits of diet beyond limiting gestational weight gain is unclear .
Therefore , a systematic review and network meta- analysis of r and omized trials was conducted to compare the effects of various common diets , stratified by the addition of gestational weight gain advice , on fasting glucose and insulin , hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) , and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) in pregnant women .
A randomized controlled clinical trial investigating the effect of DASH diet on insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes.
OBJECTIVE To our knowledge , no reports are available indicating the effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension ( DASH ) eating plan on insulin resistance , inflammation , and oxidative stress among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ) . This study was design ed to investigate the effects of the DASH diet on insulin resistance , serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) and biomarkers of oxidative stress among pregnant women with GDM . METHODS This r and omized controlled clinical trial was performed with 32 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM at 24 to 28 wk gestation . Participants were r and omly assigned to consume either the control ( n = 16 ) or DASH diet ( n = 16 ) for 4 wk . The DASH diet was rich in fruits , vegetables , whole grains , and low-fat dairy products and was low in saturated fats , total fats , cholesterol , refined grains , and sweets , with a total of 2400 mg/d of sodium . The control diet contained 40 % to 55 % of its energy as carbohydrates , 10 % to 20 % as proteins , and 25 % to 30 % as total fats . Fasting blood sample s were taken at baseline and after 4 wk of intervention to measure fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) , serum insulin , and hs-CRP , homeostasis model of assessment -insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) , plasma total antioxidant capacity ( TAC ) , and total glutathione levels ( GSH ) . RESULTS Consumption of the DASH diet compared with the control diet result ed in decreased FPG ( -7.62 versus 3.68 mg/dL ; P = 0.02 ) , serum insulin levels ( -2.62 versus 4.32 μIU/mL , P = 0.03 ) , and HOMA-IR score ( -0.8 versus 1.1 ; P = 0.03 ) . Increased concentrations of plasma TAC ( 45.2 versus -159.2 mmol/L ; P < 0.0001 ) and GSH ( 108.1 versus -150.9 μmol/L ; P < 0.0001 ) also were seen in the DASH group compared with control group . We failed to find a significant difference in mean changes of serum hs-CRP levels between the two diets . Within-group comparisons revealed significant reductions in plasma TAC and GSH levels in the control diet , while a significant increase in these biomarkers in the DASH diet . CONCLUSION Consumption of the DASH diet in pregnant women with GDM had beneficial effects on FPG , serum insulin levels , HOMA-IR score , plasma TAC , and total GSH levels . The effects of this dietary pattern on pregnancy outcomes need to be investigated in future studies
In general , when given alongside gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in most diets compared to diets that gave gestational weight gain advice only .
However , fasting glucose increased in high unsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids diets .
In the absence of gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in DASH-style diets compared to st and ard of care .
Although most were non-significant , similar trends were observed for these same diets for the other glycemic outcomes .
/INTERPRETATION Alongside with gestational weight gain advice , most diets , with the exception of a high unsaturated or a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet , demonstrated a fasting glucose improvement compared with gestational weight gain advice only .
When gestational weight gain advice was not given , the DASH-style diet appeared optimal on fasting glucose .
However , a small number of trials were identified and most dietary comparisons were underpowered to detect differences in glycemic outcomes .
AIMS Evidence to support dietary modifications to improve glycemia during pregnancy is limited , and the benefits of diet beyond limiting gestational weight gain is unclear .
Therefore , a systematic review and network meta- analysis of r and omized trials was conducted to compare the effects of various common diets , stratified by the addition of gestational weight gain advice , on fasting glucose and insulin , hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) , and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) in pregnant women .