Combining 21 trials evaluating lipid outcomes , fish oil consumption result ed in a summary net change in triglycerides of -27 ( 95 % CI -33 , -20)mg/dL , in HDL cholesterol of + 1.6 ( 95 % CI + 0.8 , + 2.3)mg/dL , and in LDL cholesterol of + 6 ( 95 % CI + 3 , + 8)mg/dL. There was no effect of fish oil on total cholesterol .
Across studies , higher fish oil dose and higher baseline levels were associated with greater reductions in serum triglycerides .
The evidence supports a dose-dependent beneficial effect of fish oil on serum triglycerides , particularly among people with more elevated levels .
Fish oil consumption also modestly improves HDL cholesterol , increases LDL cholesterol levels , but does not appear to adversely affect glucose homeostasis .
The evidence regarding the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on hs-CRP is inconclusive , as are data on ALA
Greater fish oil consumption has been associated with reduced CVD risk , although the mechanisms are unclear .
Plant- source oil omega-3 fatty acids ( ALA ) have also been studied regarding their cardiovascular effect .
The effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids on serum concentrations of C-reactive protein: a dose-response study.
C-reactive protein ( CRP ) is a sensitive marker for low- grade inflammation . Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFA ) have anti-inflammatory effects . The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect on serum levels of CRP of n-3 PUFA at two different doses . We also investigated correlations between CRP and the cellular contents of PUFA . Sixty healthy volunteers ( twenty-five women and thirty-five men ) were r and omly assigned to three treatment groups in a double-blind design . The subjects received a supplement of either 6.6 g n-3 PUFA/d , 2.0 g n-3 PUFA/d or placebo ( olive oil ) for 12 weeks . CRP was measured using a highly sensitive assay . The median serum CRP concentration was 0.78 mg/l . No significant correlations were found between CRP and the content of n-3 PUFA in granulocytes or platelets . Subjects receiving n-3 PUFA had a significant ( P<0.01 ) increase in the cellular contents of 20 : 5n-3 , 22 : 5n-3 and 22 : 6n-3 , with the largest increase occurring in the group receiving 6.6 g PUFA/d . A significant ( P<0.01 ) decrease in cellular content of 18 : 2n-6 and 20 : 4n-6 was observed simultaneously . Serum CRP concentrations , however , were unaffected by the PUFA-containing supplements . The present study shows that dietary supplementation with PUFA-containing supplements has no effect on serum concentrations of CRP , measured with a highly sensitive assay , in healthy subjects
Combining 21 trials evaluating lipid outcomes , fish oil consumption result ed in a summary net change in triglycerides of -27 ( 95 % CI -33 , -20)mg/dL , in HDL cholesterol of + 1.6 ( 95 % CI + 0.8 , + 2.3)mg/dL , and in LDL cholesterol of + 6 ( 95 % CI + 3 , + 8)mg/dL. There was no effect of fish oil on total cholesterol .
Across studies , higher fish oil dose and higher baseline levels were associated with greater reductions in serum triglycerides .
The evidence supports a dose-dependent beneficial effect of fish oil on serum triglycerides , particularly among people with more elevated levels .
Fish oil consumption also modestly improves HDL cholesterol , increases LDL cholesterol levels , but does not appear to adversely affect glucose homeostasis .
The evidence regarding the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on hs-CRP is inconclusive , as are data on ALA
Greater fish oil consumption has been associated with reduced CVD risk , although the mechanisms are unclear .
Plant- source oil omega-3 fatty acids ( ALA ) have also been studied regarding their cardiovascular effect .