This review found no clear or consistent evidence that genetic risk communication alone either raises motivation or translates into actual change in dietary intake or physical activity to reduce the risk of cardiometabolic disorders in adults .
Genetic risk prediction of chronic conditions including obesity , diabetes and CVD currently has limited predictive power but its potential to engage healthy behaviour change has been of immense research interest .
We aim ed to underst and whether the latter is indeed true by conducting a systematic review and meta- analysis investigating whether genetic risk communication affects motivation and actual behaviour change towards preventative lifestyle modification .
Disclosure of Genetic Information and Change in Dietary Intake: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Background Proponents of consumer genetic tests cl aim that the information can positively impact health behaviors and aid in chronic disease prevention . However , the effects of disclosing genetic information on dietary intake behavior are not clear . Methods A double-blinded , parallel group , 2∶1 online r and omized controlled trial was conducted to determine the short- and long-term effects of disclosing nutrition-related genetic information for personalized nutrition on dietary intakes of caffeine , vitamin C , added sugars , and sodium . Participants were healthy men and women aged 20–35 years ( n = 138 ) . The intervention group ( n = 92 ) received personalized DNA-based dietary advice for 12-months and the control group ( n = 46 ) received general dietary recommendations with no genetic information for 12-months .  Food frequency question naires were collected at baseline and 3- and 12-months after the intervention to assess dietary intakes . General linear models were used to compare changes in intakes between those receiving general dietary advice and those receiving DNA-based dietary advice . Results Compared to the control group , no significant changes to dietary intakes of the nutrients were observed at 3-months . At 12-months , participants in the intervention group who possessed a risk version of the ACE gene , and were advised to limit their sodium intake , significantly reduced their sodium intake ( mg/day ) compared to the control group ( −287.3±114.1 vs. 129.8±118.2 , p = 0.008 ) . Those who had the non-risk version of ACE did not significantly change their sodium intake compared to the control group ( 12-months : −244.2±150.2 , p = 0.11 ) . Among those with the risk version of the ACE gene , the proportion who met the targeted recommendation of 1500 mg/day increased from 19 % at baseline to 34 % after 12 months ( p = 0.06 ) . Conclusions These findings demonstrate that disclosing genetic information for personalized nutrition results in greater changes in intake for some dietary components compared to general population -based dietary advice . Trial Registration Clinical Trials.gov
This review found no clear or consistent evidence that genetic risk communication alone either raises motivation or translates into actual change in dietary intake or physical activity to reduce the risk of cardiometabolic disorders in adults .
Genetic risk prediction of chronic conditions including obesity , diabetes and CVD currently has limited predictive power but its potential to engage healthy behaviour change has been of immense research interest .
We aim ed to underst and whether the latter is indeed true by conducting a systematic review and meta- analysis investigating whether genetic risk communication affects motivation and actual behaviour change towards preventative lifestyle modification .