The analysis showed a positive association of adopting the Paleolithic diet in relation to weight loss .
Conclusion The Paleolithic diet may assist in controlling weight and waist circumference and in the management of chronic diseases .
Background The Paleolithic diet has been studied in the scope of prevention and control of chronic noncommunicable diseases ( CNCD ) .
The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the Paleolithic diet on the prevention and control of CNCD in humans , specifically on anthropometric markers , through a systematic review with meta- analysis .
Methods What is the effect of the Paleolithic diet on anthropometric parameters ( weight , body mass index and waist circumference ) compared to other control diets based on recommendations in adults ?
Plant-rich mixed meals based on Palaeolithic diet principles have a dramatic impact on incretin, peptide YY and satiety response, but show little effect on glucose and insulin homeostasis: an acute-effects randomised study.
There is evidence for health benefits from ' Palaeolithic ' diets ; however , there are a few data on the acute effects of rationally design ed Palaeolithic-type meals . In the present study , we used Palaeolithic diet principles to construct meals comprising readily available ingredients : fish and a variety of plants , selected to be rich in fibre and phyto-nutrients . We investigated the acute effects of  two Palaeolithic-type meals ( PAL 1 and PAL 2 ) and a reference meal based on WHO guidelines ( REF ) , on blood glucose control , gut hormone responses and appetite regulation . Using a r and omised cross-over trial design , healthy subjects were given three meals on separate occasions . PAL2 and REF were matched for energy , protein , fat and carbohydrates ; PAL1 contained more protein and energy . Plasma glucose , insulin , glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) , glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide ( GIP ) and peptide YY ( PYY ) concentrations were measured over a period of 180 min . Satiation was assessed using electronic visual analogue scale ( EVAS ) scores . GLP-1 and PYY concentrations were significantly increased across 180 min for both PAL1 ( P= 0·001 and P < 0·001 ) and PAL2 ( P= 0·011 and P= 0·003 ) compared with the REF . Concomitant EVAS scores showed increased satiety . By contrast , GIP concentration was significantly suppressed . Positive incremental AUC over 120 min for glucose and insulin did not differ between the meals . Consumption of meals based on Palaeolithic diet principles result ed in significant increases in incretin and anorectic gut hormones and increased perceived satiety . Surprisingly , this was independent of the energy or protein content of the meal and therefore suggests potential benefits for reduced risk of obesity
The analysis showed a positive association of adopting the Paleolithic diet in relation to weight loss .
Conclusion The Paleolithic diet may assist in controlling weight and waist circumference and in the management of chronic diseases .
Background The Paleolithic diet has been studied in the scope of prevention and control of chronic noncommunicable diseases ( CNCD ) .
The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the Paleolithic diet on the prevention and control of CNCD in humans , specifically on anthropometric markers , through a systematic review with meta- analysis .
Methods What is the effect of the Paleolithic diet on anthropometric parameters ( weight , body mass index and waist circumference ) compared to other control diets based on recommendations in adults ?