In this latter study , outcomes were better for girls and for children on medication .
Positive results on an inventory of child behaviour problems were reported for one small study ( n = 24 ) with the caveat that results were only positive when parent training was delivered to individuals and not groups .
Results for this outcome from a small study ( n = 24 ) suggested a long-term benefit for mothers who received the intervention at an individual level ; in contrast , fathers benefited from short-term group treatment .
Parent training may have a positive effect on the behaviour of children with ADHD .
It may also reduce parental stress and enhance parental confidence .
BACKGROUND Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by high levels of inattention , hyperactivity and impulsivity that are present before the age of seven years , seen in a range of situations , inconsistent with the child 's developmental level and causing social or academic impairment .
Parent training programmes are psychosocial interventions aim ed at training parents in techniques to enable them to manage their children 's challenging behaviour .
OBJECTIVES To determine whether parent training interventions are effective in reducing ADHD symptoms and associated problems in children aged between five and eigtheen years with a diagnosis of ADHD , compared to controls with no parent training intervention .
Atomoxetine in the treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-response study.
OBJECTIVE Atomoxetine is an investigational , nonstimulant pharmacotherapy being studied as potential treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) . It is thought to act via blockade of the presynaptic norepinephrine transporter in the brain . We assessed the efficacy of 3 doses of atomoxetine compared with placebo in children and adolescents with ADHD . METHODS A total of 297 children and adolescents who were 8 to 18 years of age and had ADHD as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , 4th edition , were r and omized to placebo or atomoxetine dosed on a weight-adjusted basis at 0.5 mg/kg/day , 1.2 mg/kg/day , or 1.8 mg/kg/day for an 8-week period . ADHD symptoms , affective symptoms , and social and family functioning were assessed using parent and investigator rating scales . RESULTS Approximately 71 % of children enrolled were male , approximately 67 % met criteria for mixed subtype ( both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms ) , and the only common psychiatric comorbidity was oppositional defiant disorder ( approximately 38 % of the sample ) . At baseline , symptom severity was rated as moderate to severe for most children . At endpoint , atomoxetine 1.2 mg/kg/day and 1.8 mg/kg/day were consistently associated with superior outcomes in ADHD symptoms compared with placebo and were not different from each other . The dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day was associated with intermediate efficacy between placebo and the 2 higher doses , suggesting a grade d dose-response . Social and family functioning also were improved in the atomoxetine groups compared with placebo with statistically significant improvements in measures of children 's ability to meet psychosocial role expectations and parental impact . Discontinuations as a result of adverse events were < 5 % for all groups . CONCLUSION Among children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 , atomoxetine was superior to placebo in reducing ADHD symptoms and in improving social and family functioning symptoms . Atomoxetine was associated with a grade d dose-response , and 1.2 mg/kg/day seems to be as effective as 1.8 mg/kg/day and is likely to be the appropriate initial target dose for most patients . Treatment with atomoxetine was safe and well tolerated
In this latter study , outcomes were better for girls and for children on medication .
Positive results on an inventory of child behaviour problems were reported for one small study ( n = 24 ) with the caveat that results were only positive when parent training was delivered to individuals and not groups .
Results for this outcome from a small study ( n = 24 ) suggested a long-term benefit for mothers who received the intervention at an individual level ; in contrast , fathers benefited from short-term group treatment .
Parent training may have a positive effect on the behaviour of children with ADHD .
It may also reduce parental stress and enhance parental confidence .
BACKGROUND Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by high levels of inattention , hyperactivity and impulsivity that are present before the age of seven years , seen in a range of situations , inconsistent with the child 's developmental level and causing social or academic impairment .
Parent training programmes are psychosocial interventions aim ed at training parents in techniques to enable them to manage their children 's challenging behaviour .
OBJECTIVES To determine whether parent training interventions are effective in reducing ADHD symptoms and associated problems in children aged between five and eigtheen years with a diagnosis of ADHD , compared to controls with no parent training intervention .