The literature on risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases showed that lutein might be beneficial for atherosclerosis and inflammatory markers , but there were inconsistent associations with blood pressure , adiposity , insulin resistance , and blood lipids .
CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that higher dietary intake and higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with better cardiometabolic health .
BACKGROUND The antioxidant lutein is suggested as being beneficial to cardiometabolic health because of its protective effect against oxidative stress , but evidence has not systematic ally been evaluated .
OBJECTIVE We aim ed to evaluate systematic ally the effects of lutein ( intake or concentrations ) on cardiometabolic outcomes in different life stages .
Low plasma retinol predicts coronary events in healthy middle-aged men: the PRIME Study.
The role of plasma retinol and carotenoids in coronary heart disease ( CHD ) remains unclear . The PRIME Study prospect ively evaluated these in France and Northern Irel and in 9758 men aged 50 - 59 years who were free of CHD at baseline . After five years ' follow-up 150 incident cases of CHD ( non-fatal myocardial infa rct ion and fatal CHD ) were compared with 285 controls matched for age , date of blood collection and study centre .  Geometric means of major carotenoids did not differ significantly between cases and controls ( P>0.05 ) , whereas the absolute and lipid-st and ardized plasma retinol levels were 9 % lower in cases than controls in both countries ( P<0.002 ) , without correlation with carotenoids . After adjusting for risk factors , the relative risks ( RRs ) of CHD in the first four quintiles of retinol distribution in controls ( < or = 601 , -683 , -760 , and -846 microg/l ) were 2.65 ( P=0.0009 ) , 1.70 , 1.03 , and 1.12 ( all P>0.05 ) respectively , relative to the top quintile ( retinol > or = 846 microg/l ; linear trend P=0.0001 ) . The 10th percentile of lipid-st and ardized retinol ( < or = 544 microg/l ) predicted an RR of 4.7 ( P<0.001 ) . The risk associated with low retinol was comparable to strong risk factors ( e.g. HDL-cholesterol , Interleukin-6 ) and behaved additively . In conclusion , plasma retinol levels of < 601 microg/l in a fifth of middle-aged European men place them at an approximately threefold RR of developing CHD . Thus the intake of vitamin A might be too low in middle-aged men . These findings must be confirmed
The literature on risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases showed that lutein might be beneficial for atherosclerosis and inflammatory markers , but there were inconsistent associations with blood pressure , adiposity , insulin resistance , and blood lipids .
CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that higher dietary intake and higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with better cardiometabolic health .
BACKGROUND The antioxidant lutein is suggested as being beneficial to cardiometabolic health because of its protective effect against oxidative stress , but evidence has not systematic ally been evaluated .
OBJECTIVE We aim ed to evaluate systematic ally the effects of lutein ( intake or concentrations ) on cardiometabolic outcomes in different life stages .