Subgroup analysesSubgroup analyses by dose of BHT suggested that higher doses of BHT may be associated with more effectiveness but also higher risk of adverse effects .
There was low to moderate quality evidence that BHT in various forms and doses is more effective than placebo for treating moderate to severe menopausal hot flushes .
There was some evidence to suggest that higher doses of BHT are associated with greater effectiveness but also with higher risk of adverse effects .
No data are yet available about the safety of BHT with regard to long-term outcomes such as heart attack , stroke and breast cancer .
BACKGROUND Various hormone therapies ( HT ) are available to treat  menopausal vasomotor symptoms .
Bioidentical hormones are chemically identical to those produced by the human body , and several types are well-tested and available on prescription .
Many women have opted for bioidentical hormone therapy ( BHT ) on the assumption that it is safer than other forms of HT .
We evaluated the evidence .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness and safety of bioidentical hormones compared to placebo or non-bioidentical hormones for the relief of vasomotor symptoms .
Bleeding pattern and climacteric symptoms during different sequential combined HRT regimens in current use.
Four sequential combined oestrogen and progestogen regimens were compared in terms of bleeding pattern and relief of climacteric symptoms . Treatment was with either 2 mg 17 beta-oestradiol with 1 mg norethisterone acetate [ E2 + NETA ] ; 2 mg oestradiol valerate with 75 micrograms levonorgestrel [ E2V + LNG ] ; 2 mg oestradiol valerate with 10 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate [ E2V + MPA ] ; or 1.5 mg 17 beta-oestradiol with 150 micrograms desogestrel [ E2 + DG ] . A placebo-controlled study lasting 12 - 24 months was completed by 143 healthy early postmenopausal women .  Bleeding lengths were not substantially different ; in all regimens the majority of women were bleeding for 3 - 6 days . Bleeding onset showed differences when related to the 11th day of progestogen addition ; in the regimen with E2V + LNG , 21 % of the women women were bleeding before the 11th day of progestogen addition 26 % on , and 53 % after that day . In the regimen with E2V + MPA , 56 % of the women were bleeding before the 11th day , 28 % on , and 17 % after that day , whereas in the regimen with E2 + DG , 15 % of the women were bleeding before the 11th day , 5 % on , and 80 % after that day . All regimens reduced climacteric symptoms to the same extent . Breast tenderness occurred in all the regimens , except in the E2 + DG . Conclusively , the differences between the responses to treatment were not conspicuous . However , our data indicate that one regimen ( E2 + DG ) result ed in optimal bleeding control , optimal effect on climacteric symptoms , and no production of breast tenderness
Subgroup analysesSubgroup analyses by dose of BHT suggested that higher doses of BHT may be associated with more effectiveness but also higher risk of adverse effects .
There was low to moderate quality evidence that BHT in various forms and doses is more effective than placebo for treating moderate to severe menopausal hot flushes .
There was some evidence to suggest that higher doses of BHT are associated with greater effectiveness but also with higher risk of adverse effects .
No data are yet available about the safety of BHT with regard to long-term outcomes such as heart attack , stroke and breast cancer .
BACKGROUND Various hormone therapies ( HT ) are available to treat  menopausal vasomotor symptoms .
Bioidentical hormones are chemically identical to those produced by the human body , and several types are well-tested and available on prescription .
Many women have opted for bioidentical hormone therapy ( BHT ) on the assumption that it is safer than other forms of HT .
We evaluated the evidence .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness and safety of bioidentical hormones compared to placebo or non-bioidentical hormones for the relief of vasomotor symptoms .