Moderate hypofractionation is safe and effective , but longer-term data are still lacking .
Brachytherapy represents an effective way to increase the delivered dose .
OBJECTIVE To present a summary of the 2016 version of the European Association of Urology ( EAU ) - European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology ( ESTRO ) - International Society of Geriatric Oncology ( SIOG ) Guidelines on screening , diagnosis , and local treatment with curative intent of clinical ly localised prostate cancer ( PCa ) .
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS BRCA2 mutations have been added as risk factors for early and aggressive disease .
Systematic screening is still not recommended .
An early prostate-specific antigen test , the use of a risk calculator , or one of the promising biomarker tools are being investigated and might be able to limit the overdetection of insignificant PCa .
Breaking the link between diagnosis and treatment may lower the overtreatment risk .
Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging using st and ardised reporting can not replace systematic biopsy , but robustly nested within the diagnostic work-up , it has a key role in local staging .
In Northern and Western Europe , the number of men diagnosed with PCa has been on the rise .
Urinary Incontinence and Erectile Dysfunction After Robotic Versus Open Radical Prostatectomy: A Prospective, Controlled, Nonrandomised Trial.
BACKGROUND Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy ( RALP ) has become widely used without high- grade evidence of superiority regarding long-term clinical outcomes compared with open retropubic radical prostatectomy ( RRP ) , the gold st and ard . OBJECTIVE To compare patient-reported urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction 12 mo after RALP or RRP .  DESIGN , SETTING , AND PARTICIPANTS This was a prospect i ve , controlled , nonr and omised trial of patients undergoing prostatectomy in 14 centres using RALP or RRP .  Clinical -record forms and vali date d patient question naires at baseline and 12 mo after surgery were collected . OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSES Odds ratios ( ORs ) were calculated with logistic regression and adjusted for possible confounders . The primary end point was urinary incontinence ( change of pad less than once in 24h vs one time or more per 24h ) at 12 mo . Secondary end points were erectile dysfunction at 12 mo and positive surgical margins . RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS At 12 mo after RALP , 366 men ( 21.3 % ) were  incontinent  , as were 144 ( 20.2 % ) after RRP . The unadjusted OR was 1.08 ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 0.87–1.34 ) . Erectile dysfunction was observed in 1200 men ( 70.4 % ) 12 mo after RALP and 531 ( 74.7 % ) after RRP . The unadjusted OR was 0.81 ( 95 % CI , 0.66–0.98 ) . CONCLUSIONS In a Swedish setting , RALP for prostate cancer was modestly beneficial in preserving erectile function compared with RRP , without a statistically significant difference regarding urinary incontinence or surgical margins . PATIENT SUMMARY We compared patient-reported urinary incontinence after prostatectomy with two types of surgical technique . There was no statistically significant improvement in the rate of urinary leakage , but there was a small improvement regarding erectile function after robot-assisted operation
Moderate hypofractionation is safe and effective , but longer-term data are still lacking .
Brachytherapy represents an effective way to increase the delivered dose .
OBJECTIVE To present a summary of the 2016 version of the European Association of Urology ( EAU ) - European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology ( ESTRO ) - International Society of Geriatric Oncology ( SIOG ) Guidelines on screening , diagnosis , and local treatment with curative intent of clinical ly localised prostate cancer ( PCa ) .
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS BRCA2 mutations have been added as risk factors for early and aggressive disease .
Systematic screening is still not recommended .
An early prostate-specific antigen test , the use of a risk calculator , or one of the promising biomarker tools are being investigated and might be able to limit the overdetection of insignificant PCa .
Breaking the link between diagnosis and treatment may lower the overtreatment risk .
Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging using st and ardised reporting can not replace systematic biopsy , but robustly nested within the diagnostic work-up , it has a key role in local staging .
In Northern and Western Europe , the number of men diagnosed with PCa has been on the rise .