Data from these sources do not support linkages between sugar consumption at normal levels within the human diet and various adverse metabolic and health-related effects
Abstract The relationship between sugar consumption and various health-related sequelas is controversial .
Some investigators have argued that excessive sugar consumption is associated with increased risk of obesity , coronary heart disease , diabetes ( T2D ) , metabolic syndrome , non-alcoholic fatty liver disease , and stimulation of reward pathways in the brain potentially causing excessive caloric consumption .
These concerns have influenced organizations such as the World Health Organization , the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition in Engl and not to exceed 5 % of total energy and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee 2015 to recommend upper limits of sugar consumption not to exceed 10 % of calories .
Data from many r and omized control trials ( RCTs ) do not support linkages between sugar consumption at normal levels within the human diet and various adverse metabolic and health-related effects .
Fructose and glucose are typically consumed together in roughly equal proportions from high-fructose corn syrup ( also known as isoglucose in Europe ) or sucrose .
The purpose of this review is to present data from recent RCTs and findings from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses related to sugar consumption and its putative health effects .
This review evaluates findings from recent r and omized controlled trials , systematic review s and meta-analyses into the relationship of sugar consumption and a range of health-related issues including energy-regulating hormones , obesity , cardiovascular disease , diabetes , and accumulation of liver fat and neurologic responses .
Sweetened Beverage Consumption, Incident Coronary Heart Disease, and Biomarkers of Risk in Men
Background — Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is associated with weight gain and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus .  Few studies have tested for a relationship with coronary heart disease ( CHD ) or intermediate biomarkers . The role of artificially sweetened beverages is also unclear . Methods and Results — We performed an analysis of the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study , a prospect i ve cohort study including 42 883 men . Associations of cumulatively averaged sugar-sweetened ( eg , sodas ) and artificially sweetened ( eg , diet sodas ) beverage intake with incident fatal and nonfatal CHD ( myocardial infa rct ion ) were examined with proportional hazard models . There were 3683 CHD cases over 22 years of follow-up . Participants in the top quartile of sugar-sweetened beverage intake had a 20 % higher relative risk of CHD than those in the bottom quartile ( relative risk=1.20 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.09–1.33 ; P for trend < 0.01 ) after adjustment for age , smoking , physical activity , alcohol , multivitamins , family history , diet quality , energy intake , body mass index , pre-enrollment weight change , and dieting . Artificially sweetened beverage consumption was not significantly associated with CHD ( multivariate relative risk=1.02 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.93–1.12 ; P for trend=0.28 ) . Adjustment for self-reported high cholesterol , high triglycerides , high blood pressure , and diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus slightly attenuated these associations . Intake of sugar-sweetened but not artificially sweetened beverages was significantly associated with increased plasma triglycerides , C-reactive protein , interleukin-6 , and tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 and decreased high-density lipoprotein , lipoprotein(a ) , and leptin ( P<0.02 ) . Conclusions — Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with increased risk of CHD and some adverse changes in lipids , inflammatory factors , and leptin . Artificially sweetened beverage intake was not associated with CHD risk or biomarkers
Data from these sources do not support linkages between sugar consumption at normal levels within the human diet and various adverse metabolic and health-related effects
Abstract The relationship between sugar consumption and various health-related sequelas is controversial .
Some investigators have argued that excessive sugar consumption is associated with increased risk of obesity , coronary heart disease , diabetes ( T2D ) , metabolic syndrome , non-alcoholic fatty liver disease , and stimulation of reward pathways in the brain potentially causing excessive caloric consumption .
These concerns have influenced organizations such as the World Health Organization , the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition in Engl and not to exceed 5 % of total energy and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee 2015 to recommend upper limits of sugar consumption not to exceed 10 % of calories .
Data from many r and omized control trials ( RCTs ) do not support linkages between sugar consumption at normal levels within the human diet and various adverse metabolic and health-related effects .
Fructose and glucose are typically consumed together in roughly equal proportions from high-fructose corn syrup ( also known as isoglucose in Europe ) or sucrose .
The purpose of this review is to present data from recent RCTs and findings from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses related to sugar consumption and its putative health effects .
This review evaluates findings from recent r and omized controlled trials , systematic review s and meta-analyses into the relationship of sugar consumption and a range of health-related issues including energy-regulating hormones , obesity , cardiovascular disease , diabetes , and accumulation of liver fat and neurologic responses .