Most systematic review s and meta-analyses from controlled feeding trials have shown that fructose-containing sugars in isocaloric exchange for other carbohydrates do not show evidence of harm and , in the case of fructose , may even have advantages for glycaemic control , especially at small doses .
Nevertheless , trials in which fructose-containing sugars supplement diets with excess energy have shown adverse effects , effects that appear more attributable to the excess energy than the sugar .
There is no unequivocal evidence that fructose intake at moderate doses is directly related with adverse metabolic effects , although there is potentially cause for concern where fructose is provided at high doses or contributes excess energy to diets .
Concerns are growing regarding the role of dietary sugars in the development of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases , including diabetes .
High-fructose corn syrup ( HFCS ) and sucrose are the most important dietary sweeteners .
Both HFCS and sucrose have overlapping metabolic actions with adverse effects attributed to their fructose moiety .
Ecological studies have linked the rise in fructose availability with the increases in obesity and diabetes worldwide .
This link has been largely underpinned by animal models and select human trials of fructose overfeeding at high levels of exposure .
Weight control among obese adolescents: A pilot study
Objective The present study evaluated weight loss and compliance outcomes for overweight adolescents assigned to one of two dietary interventions differing in the type of snacks allowed . Methods The study was a 12-week , controlled clinical trial , among otherwise healthy but overweight ( body mass index ≥95th percentile ) 11-year-old to 15-year-old girls who were r and omly assigned to either a 1,500 kcal/day free-snack program or a 1,500 kcal/day restricted-snack program . All subjects were counseled to consume three servings of dairy products per day , and were provided with a 500 mg calcium supplement as well . Subjects in the free-snack group could choose any 150-calorie item as one of their two daily snacks , including regular soda if desired ; however , subjects in the restricted-snack group were limited to diet soda . Results Thirty-two adolescent girls completed the 12-week intervention . Both diets were equally effective in achieving a modest amount of weight loss , and were equally acceptable to the subjects . Significant decreases in weight , body mass index , anthropometric measures , total cholesterol and triglycerides were observed . Conclusions A 1,500 kcal/day diet allowing for a free snack of 150 calories was equally as effective as a more restricted snack policy in achieving a modest amount of weight loss among overweight 11-year-old to 15-year-old girls . In addition , results suggest that some soda may be included in a teen weight control diet , as long as caloric intake is maintained at recommended levels , and care is taken to achieve adequate intake of essential nutrients . Calcium intake among subjects was low at baseline , and , although it increased during the study ( due to supplementation ) , further efforts to increase consumption of naturally calcium-rich and calcium-fortified foods and beverages are needed
Most systematic review s and meta-analyses from controlled feeding trials have shown that fructose-containing sugars in isocaloric exchange for other carbohydrates do not show evidence of harm and , in the case of fructose , may even have advantages for glycaemic control , especially at small doses .
Nevertheless , trials in which fructose-containing sugars supplement diets with excess energy have shown adverse effects , effects that appear more attributable to the excess energy than the sugar .
There is no unequivocal evidence that fructose intake at moderate doses is directly related with adverse metabolic effects , although there is potentially cause for concern where fructose is provided at high doses or contributes excess energy to diets .
Concerns are growing regarding the role of dietary sugars in the development of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases , including diabetes .
High-fructose corn syrup ( HFCS ) and sucrose are the most important dietary sweeteners .
Both HFCS and sucrose have overlapping metabolic actions with adverse effects attributed to their fructose moiety .
Ecological studies have linked the rise in fructose availability with the increases in obesity and diabetes worldwide .
This link has been largely underpinned by animal models and select human trials of fructose overfeeding at high levels of exposure .