Two systematic review s have evaluated controlled trials among patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and report that selenium supplementation decreases circulating thyroid autoantibodies .
The immunomodulatory effects of selenium might involve reducing proinflammatory cytokine release .
In Graves ’ disease , some , but not all , trials indicate that adjuvant selenium supplementation enhances the restoration of biochemical euthyroidism , and might benefit patients with mild Graves ’ orbitopathy .
The available evidence from trials does not support routine selenium supplementation in the st and ard treatment of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis or Graves ’ disease .
However , correction of moderate to severe selenium deficiency may offer benefits in preventing , as well as treating , these disorders .
Purpose of review This review provides an appraisal of recent evidence for or against selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases , and discusses possible effect mechanisms .
Recent findings Epidemiological data suggest an increased prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases under conditions of low dietary selenium intake .
However , clinical ly relevant effects of selenium supplementation , including improvement in quality of life , are more elusive .
A randomized-controlled, double-blind study of the impact of selenium supplementation on thyroid autoimmunity and inflammation with focus on the GPx1 genotypes
Purpose To analyze the impact of selenium supplementation on serum antiTPO levels and thyroid echogenicity in patients with CAT , evaluating the response in subgroups with different GPx1 genotypes . Methods CAT patients ( n = 55 ) with positive antiTPO were r and omized to selenomethionine ( SeMet ) 200 μg daily ( n = 28 ) or placebo ( n = 27 ) for 3 months . Assessment s included GPx1 genotyping at baseline and serum levels of plasma selenium , erythrocyte GPx1 activity , antiTPO and thyroid echogenicity at baseline , and 3 and 6 months . Results In the SeMet group , the increase in plasma levels of selenium and erythrocyte GPx1 activity was similar among patients with different GPx1 genotypes . In the overall cohort , patients r and omized to SeMet showed a 5 % decrease in antiTPO levels at 3 months ( p = non-significant ) and 20 % at 6 months ( p < 0.001 versus 3 months ) . In contrast , patients in the placebo group did not show significant changes in antiTPO levels at any time point . Subgroup analysis showed that patients with different GPx1 genotypes presented comparable responses in antiTPO levels and echogenicity index to SeMet . Conclusions Selenium supplementation decreased serum antiTPO levels in CAT patients , with similar response among patients with different GPx1 genotypes
Two systematic review s have evaluated controlled trials among patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and report that selenium supplementation decreases circulating thyroid autoantibodies .
The immunomodulatory effects of selenium might involve reducing proinflammatory cytokine release .
In Graves ’ disease , some , but not all , trials indicate that adjuvant selenium supplementation enhances the restoration of biochemical euthyroidism , and might benefit patients with mild Graves ’ orbitopathy .
The available evidence from trials does not support routine selenium supplementation in the st and ard treatment of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis or Graves ’ disease .
However , correction of moderate to severe selenium deficiency may offer benefits in preventing , as well as treating , these disorders .
Purpose of review This review provides an appraisal of recent evidence for or against selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases , and discusses possible effect mechanisms .
Recent findings Epidemiological data suggest an increased prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases under conditions of low dietary selenium intake .
However , clinical ly relevant effects of selenium supplementation , including improvement in quality of life , are more elusive .