Resiniferatoxin was not associated with sustained differences in the review outcomes reported but pain during instillation and withdrawal from treatment was significantly more common .
Groups treated with BCG tended to report less pain and fewer general symptoms .
Although adverse events were commonly reported , these were no more common after BCG than after placebo instillation .
The few data about Pentosanpolysulphate tended to favour the actively treated , but with wide confidence intervals ; there was little information about adverse events .
Oxybutinin instillation was associated with increased bladder capacity , reduced frequency , improved quality of life scores and fewer drop-outs .
Alkalinisation of urine pH did not make any clear difference , but with potentially wide confidence intervals .
BCG and oxybutin are reasonably well-tolerated and evidence is most promising for these .
Resiniferatoxin showed no evidence of effect for most outcomes and caused pain , which reduced treatment compliance .
There is little evidence for the other treatments included in this review .
BACKGROUND Painful Bladder Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis ( PBS/IC ) occurs predominantly in women .
It is a poorly-understood condition with symptoms of bladder pain , urinary frequency , urgency and nocturia .
Treatments for PBS/IC include dietary/lifestyle interventions , oral medication , intravesical instillations and , in some cases , surgery .
Success rates are generally modest and there is little consensus as to the best form of treatment for this condition .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of intravesical treatment for PBS/IC .
Etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of interstitial cystitis.
Interstitial cystitis ( IC ) is a bladder syndrome of unknown etiology . The cause of IC is most likely multifactorial and includes genetic and environmental factors . Various pathophysiological changes in the bladder , pelvis , and peripheral and central nervous systems have been identified , and this has led to the emergence of biologically specific treatment modalities . Interstitial cystitis is being diagnosed with increasing frequency ; however , current diagnostic criteria are non-uniform , and there is significant overlap between chronic pelvic pain syndromes in men and women , interstitial cystitis , recurrent " cystitis , " and the overactive bladder syndrome . The diagnosis of interstitial cystitis can be made clinical ly and by cystoscopy and hydrodistension . The sensitivity and specificity of urinary markers and the potassium sensitivity test have not been prospect ively studied
Resiniferatoxin was not associated with sustained differences in the review outcomes reported but pain during instillation and withdrawal from treatment was significantly more common .
Groups treated with BCG tended to report less pain and fewer general symptoms .
Although adverse events were commonly reported , these were no more common after BCG than after placebo instillation .
The few data about Pentosanpolysulphate tended to favour the actively treated , but with wide confidence intervals ; there was little information about adverse events .
Oxybutinin instillation was associated with increased bladder capacity , reduced frequency , improved quality of life scores and fewer drop-outs .
Alkalinisation of urine pH did not make any clear difference , but with potentially wide confidence intervals .
BCG and oxybutin are reasonably well-tolerated and evidence is most promising for these .
Resiniferatoxin showed no evidence of effect for most outcomes and caused pain , which reduced treatment compliance .
There is little evidence for the other treatments included in this review .
BACKGROUND Painful Bladder Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis ( PBS/IC ) occurs predominantly in women .
It is a poorly-understood condition with symptoms of bladder pain , urinary frequency , urgency and nocturia .
Treatments for PBS/IC include dietary/lifestyle interventions , oral medication , intravesical instillations and , in some cases , surgery .
Success rates are generally modest and there is little consensus as to the best form of treatment for this condition .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of intravesical treatment for PBS/IC .