In conclusion , the role of dairy products for BMC or BMD has been sufficiently established in Chinese and Caucasian girls and women .
In Caucasian women , drinking milk also reduces fracture risk .
The relevance of dairy produce for the diminishment of osteoporotic risk is still a matter of scientific debate due to the outcome of a few single observational studies .
Higher Dietary Calcium Intakes Are Associated With Reduced Risks of Fractures, Cardiovascular Events, and Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Men and Women.
The aim of this population -based , prospect i ve cohort study was to investigate long-term associations between dietary calcium intake  and fractures , non-fatal cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) , and death from all causes . Participants were from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study , which was established in 1990 to 1994 . A total of 41,514 men and women ( ∼99 % aged 40 to 69 years at baseline ) were followed up for a mean ( SD ) of 12 ( 1.5 ) years . Primary outcome measures were time to death from all causes ( n = 2855 ) , CVD-related deaths ( n = 557 ) , cerebrovascular disease-related deaths ( n = 139 ) , incident non-fatal CVD ( n = 1827 ) , incident stroke events ( n = 537 ) , and incident fractures ( n = 788 ) . A total of 12,097 participants ( aged ≥50 years ) were eligible for fracture analysis and 34,468 for non-fatal CVD and mortality analyses .  Mortality was ascertained by record linkage to registries . Fractures and CVD were ascertained from interview ∼13 years after baseline . Quartiles of baseline energy-adjusted calcium intake from food were estimated using a food-frequency question naire . Hazard ratios ( HR ) and odds ratios ( OR ) were calculated for quartiles of dietary calcium intake . Highest and lowest quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary calcium intakes represented unadjusted means ( SD ) of 1348 ( 316 ) mg/d and 473 ( 91 ) mg/d , respectively . Overall , there were 788 ( 10.3 % ) incident fractures , 1827 ( 9.0 % ) incident CVD , and 2855 people ( 8.6 % ) died . Comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of calcium intake , for all-cause mortality , the HR was 0.86 ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] 0.76 - 0.98 , p(trend ) = 0.01 ) ; for non-fatal CVD and stroke , the OR was 0.84 ( 95 % CI 0.70 - 0.99 , p(trend ) = 0.04 ) and 0.69 ( 95 % CI 0.51 - 0.93 , p(trend ) = 0.02 ) , respectively ; and the OR for fracture was 0.70 ( 95 % CI 0.54 - 0.92 , p(trend ) = 0.004 ) . In summary , for older men and women , calcium intakes of up to 1348 ( 316 ) mg/d from food were associated with decreased risks for fracture , non-fatal CVD , stroke , and all-cause mortality
In conclusion , the role of dairy products for BMC or BMD has been sufficiently established in Chinese and Caucasian girls and women .
In Caucasian women , drinking milk also reduces fracture risk .
The relevance of dairy produce for the diminishment of osteoporotic risk is still a matter of scientific debate due to the outcome of a few single observational studies .