There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
A healthy school start - Parental support to promote healthy dietary habits and physical activity in children: Design and evaluation of a cluster-randomised intervention
Background Childhood obesity is multi-factorial and determined to a large extent by dietary habits , physical activity and sedentary behaviours . Previous research has shown that school-based programmes are effective but that their effectiveness can be improved by including a parental component . At present , there is a lack of effective parental support programmes for improvement of diet and physical activity and prevention of obesity in children . Methods / Design This paper describes the rationale and design of a parental support programme to promote healthy dietary habits and physical activity in six-year-old children starting school . The study is performed in close collaboration with the school health care and is design ed as a cluster-r and omised controlled trial with a mixed methods approach . In total , 14 pre-school classes are included from a municipality in Stockholm county where there is large variation in socio-economic status between the families . The school classes are r and omised to intervention ( n = 7 ) and  control ( n = 7 ) groups including a total of 242 children . The intervention is based on social cognitive theory and consists of three main components : 1 ) a health information brochure ; 2 ) two motivational interviewing sessions with the parents ; and 3 ) teacher-led classroom activities with the children . The primary outcomes are physical activity in the children measured objective ly by accelerometry , children 's dietary and physical activity habits measured with a parent-proxy question naire and parents ' self-efficacy measured by a question naire . Secondary outcomes are height , weight and waist circumference in the children . The duration of the intervention is six months and includes baseline , post intervention and six months follow-up measurements . Linear and logistic regression models will be used to analyse differences between intervention and control groups in the outcome variables . Mediator and moderator analysis will be performed . Participants will be interviewed . Discussion The results from this study will show if it is possible to promote a healthy lifestyle and a normal weight development among children from low-income districts with relatively limited efforts involving parents . Hopefully the study will provide new insights to the further development of effective programmes to prevent overweight and obesity in children . Trial registration IS RCT N : IS RCT
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .