Exposure to H2 receptor antagonists may be associated with increased risk of NEC and infections in preterm infants
BACKGROUND Inhibitors of gastric acid ( IGA ) are used for upper gastrointestinal bleeding or gastroesophageal reflux in preterm infants .
The result ant increase in gastric pH may enhance the growth of pathogens and increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) .
Our systematic review examined the association between  IGA and NEC in preterm infants .
The effect of H2-receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitor on microbial proliferation in the stomach.
BACKGROUND / AIMS Intra-gastric bacterial proliferation is frequent in patients with hypochlohydria . However , status of gastric bacterial infection in patients receiving proton pump inhibitor or H2-receptor antagonist  remains controversial . The purpose of this study was to investigate the microbial condition of the stomach in patients who received H2-receptor antagonist or proton pump inhibitor .  METHODOLOGY Between November 2000 and January 2002 , 102 patients were enrolled in this study . Of these , 52 did not receive any treatment ( group I ) , 26 received H2-receptor antagonist ( group II ) , and 24 received proton pump inhibitor ( group III ) . Ten mL of gastric juice were aspirated for culture during endoscopic examination . The aerobic and anaerobic bacterial and fungal cultures were performed immediately . A glass pH meter measured the pH of the gastric juice . RESULTS The intra-gastric pH was 2.91+/-2.06 ( mean + /- SD ) , 4.12+/-2.83 , and 5.11+/-2.47 for groups I , II , and III , respectively ( p=0.001 between groups I and III , p>0.05 between groups I and II , and groups II and III ) . The positive bacterial culture rates were 66.7 % ( 16/24 ) in group III , 46.2 % ( 12/26 ) in group II , and 28.8 % ( 15/52 ) in group I ( p=0.007 between groups III and I , p>0.05 between groups I and II , and groups II and III ) . The positive c and idal culture rates were 12.5 % ( 3/24 ) in group III , 11.5 % ( 3/26 ) in group II , and 17.3 % ( 9/52 ) in group I ( p>0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS Patients who received proton pump inhibitor had more acid suppression and intra-gastric bacterial infection than those of the control group . The intra-gastric c and idal infection was not related to intra-gastric pH or anti-secretory medication in this study
Exposure to H2 receptor antagonists may be associated with increased risk of NEC and infections in preterm infants
BACKGROUND Inhibitors of gastric acid ( IGA ) are used for upper gastrointestinal bleeding or gastroesophageal reflux in preterm infants .
The result ant increase in gastric pH may enhance the growth of pathogens and increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) .
Our systematic review examined the association between  IGA and NEC in preterm infants .