Several specific population interventions that achieved a Class I or IIa recommendation with grade A or B evidence were identified , providing a set of specific evidence -based strategies that deserve close attention and prioritization for wider implementation .
Effective interventions included specific approaches in all 6 domains evaluated for improving diet , increasing activity , and reducing tobacco use .
The writing group also identified several specific interventions in each of these domains for which current evidence was less robust , as well as other inconsistencies and evidence gaps , informing the need for further rigorous and interdisciplinary approaches to evaluate population programs and policies .
This systematic review identified and grade d the evidence for a range of population -based strategies to promote lifestyle change .
BACKGROUND Poor lifestyle behaviors , including suboptimal diet , physical inactivity , and tobacco use , are leading causes of preventable diseases globally .
Although even modest population shifts in risk substantially alter health outcomes , the optimal population -level approaches to improve lifestyle are not well established .
A prospective study of household smoking bans and subsequent cessation related behaviour: the role of stage of change
Objective : To assess the degree to which smokers living with a full household ban on smoking change their cessation related behaviour . Design , setting , and participants : Prospect i ve cohort study ; follow up of a population based cohort of 1133 smokers , identified from a 1997 telephone survey of adult Oregonians . After a median of 21 months , 565 were located and reinterviewed . Main outcome measures : Quit attempts , time until relapse , and smoking cessation , defined as seven day and 90 day sustained abstinence at follow up . Results : A full ban at baseline was associated with a doubling of the odds of a subsequent quit attempt ( odds ratio ( OR ) = 2.0 , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) , 1.0 to 3.9 ) . Among respondents in the preparation stage at baseline ( intention to quit in the next month with a quit attempt in the previous year ) , a full ban was associated with a lower relapse rate ( hazard ratio = 0.5 ( 95 % CI , 0.2 to 0.9 ) ) , while for those in precontemplation/contemplation ( no intention to quit or intention to quit within the next six months , respectively ) , there was no significant association between full ban and relapse rate . For respondents in preparation , those with a full ban had over four times the odds of being in cessation for seven or more days before the follow up call ( OR = 4.4 ( 1.1 to 18.7 ) ) , but for those in precontemplation/contemplation , full bans were unrelated to cessation . Conclusions : Full household bans may facilitate cessation among smokers who are preparing to quit by increasing quit attempts . They may also prolong time to relapse among those smokers
Several specific population interventions that achieved a Class I or IIa recommendation with grade A or B evidence were identified , providing a set of specific evidence -based strategies that deserve close attention and prioritization for wider implementation .
Effective interventions included specific approaches in all 6 domains evaluated for improving diet , increasing activity , and reducing tobacco use .
The writing group also identified several specific interventions in each of these domains for which current evidence was less robust , as well as other inconsistencies and evidence gaps , informing the need for further rigorous and interdisciplinary approaches to evaluate population programs and policies .
This systematic review identified and grade d the evidence for a range of population -based strategies to promote lifestyle change .
BACKGROUND Poor lifestyle behaviors , including suboptimal diet , physical inactivity , and tobacco use , are leading causes of preventable diseases globally .
Although even modest population shifts in risk substantially alter health outcomes , the optimal population -level approaches to improve lifestyle are not well established .