There was moderate evidence that  e-cycling provided physical activity of at least moderate intensity , which was lower than the intensity elicited during conventional cycling , but higher than that during walking .
There was also moderate evidence that  e-cycling can improve cardiorespiratory fitness in physically inactive individuals .
Evidence of the impact of e-cycling  on metabolic and psychological health outcomes was inconclusive .
Conclusion E-cycling can contribute to meeting physical activity recommendations and increasing physical fitness .
As such , e-bikes offer a potential alternative to conventional cycling .
Background Electrically assisted bicycles ( e-bikes ) have been highlighted as a method of active travel that could overcome some of the commonly reported barriers to cycle commuting .
The objective of this systematic review was to assess the health benefits associated with e-cycling .
Association between active commuting and incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality: prospective cohort study
Objective To investigate the association between active commuting and  incident cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) , cancer , and all cause mortality .  Design Prospect i ve population based study . Setting UK Biobank . Participants 263 450 participants ( 106 674 ( 52 % ) women ; mean age 52.6 ) , recruited from 22 sites across the UK . The exposure variable was the mode of transport used ( walking , cycling , mixed mode v non-active ( car or public transport ) ) to commute to and from work on a typical day . Main outcome measures Incident ( fatal and non-fatal ) CVD and cancer , and deaths from CVD , cancer , or any causes . Results 2430 participants died ( 496 were related to CVD and 1126 to cancer ) over a median of 5.0 years ( interquartile range 4.3 - 5.5 ) follow-up . There were 3748 cancer and 1110 CVD events . In maximally adjusted models , commuting by cycle and by mixed mode including cycling were associated with lower risk of all cause mortality ( cycling hazard ratio 0.59 , 95 % confidence interval 0.42 to 0.83 , P=0.002 ; mixed mode cycling 0.76 , 0.58 to 1.00 , P<0.05 ) , cancer incidence ( cycling 0.55 , 0.44 to 0.69 , P<0.001 ; mixed mode cycling 0.64 , 0.45 to 0.91 , P=0.01 ) , and cancer mortality ( cycling 0.60 , 0.40 to 0.90 , P=0.01 ; mixed mode cycling 0.68 , 0.57 to 0.81 , P<0.001 ) . Commuting by cycling and walking were associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence ( cycling 0.54 , 0.33 to 0.88 , P=0.01 ; walking 0.73 , 0.54 to 0.99 , P=0.04 ) and CVD mortality ( cycling 0.48 , 0.25 to 0.92 , P=0.03 ; walking 0.64 , 0.45 to 0.91 , P=0.01 ) . No statistically significant associations were observed for walking commuting and all cause mortality or cancer outcomes . Mixed mode commuting including walking was not noticeably associated with any of the measured outcomes . Conclusions Cycle commuting was associated with a lower risk of CVD , cancer , and all cause mortality .  Walking commuting was associated with a lower risk of CVD independent of major measured confounding factors . Initiatives to encourage and support active commuting could reduce risk of death and the burden of important chronic conditions
There was moderate evidence that  e-cycling provided physical activity of at least moderate intensity , which was lower than the intensity elicited during conventional cycling , but higher than that during walking .
There was also moderate evidence that  e-cycling can improve cardiorespiratory fitness in physically inactive individuals .
Evidence of the impact of e-cycling  on metabolic and psychological health outcomes was inconclusive .
Conclusion E-cycling can contribute to meeting physical activity recommendations and increasing physical fitness .
As such , e-bikes offer a potential alternative to conventional cycling .
Background Electrically assisted bicycles ( e-bikes ) have been highlighted as a method of active travel that could overcome some of the commonly reported barriers to cycle commuting .
The objective of this systematic review was to assess the health benefits associated with e-cycling .