In this latter study , outcomes were better for girls and for children on medication .
Positive results on an inventory of child behaviour problems were reported for one small study ( n = 24 ) with the caveat that results were only positive when parent training was delivered to individuals and not groups .
Results for this outcome from a small study ( n = 24 ) suggested a long-term benefit for mothers who received the intervention at an individual level ; in contrast , fathers benefited from short-term group treatment .
Parent training may have a positive effect on the behaviour of children with ADHD .
It may also reduce parental stress and enhance parental confidence .
BACKGROUND Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by high levels of inattention , hyperactivity and impulsivity that are present before the age of seven years , seen in a range of situations , inconsistent with the child 's developmental level and causing social or academic impairment .
Parent training programmes are psychosocial interventions aim ed at training parents in techniques to enable them to manage their children 's challenging behaviour .
OBJECTIVES To determine whether parent training interventions are effective in reducing ADHD symptoms and associated problems in children aged between five and eigtheen years with a diagnosis of ADHD , compared to controls with no parent training intervention .
Effectiveness of behavioral parent training for children with ADHD in routine clinical practice: a randomized controlled study.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of behavioral parent training ( BPT ) as adjunct to routine clinical care ( RCC ) . METHOD After a first phase of RCC , 94 children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) ages 4 - 12 , all referred to a Dutch outpatient mental health clinic , were r and omly assigned to 5 months of BPT plus concurrent RCC ( n = 47 ) or to 5 months of RCC ( n = 47 ) alone . BPT consisted of 12 sessions in group format ; RCC included family support and pharmacotherapy when appropriate . Exclusionary criteria were minimized , and children with and without medication could participate . Parent-reported behavioral problems , ADHD symptoms , internalizing problems , and parenting stress were assessed before and after treatment . Follow-up assessment of the BPT + RCC group was completed 25 weeks post-BPT intervention . Repeated- measures analyses of variance were carried out on an intention-to-treat basis . RESULTS Both groups showed improvements over time on all measures .  BPT + RCC was superior to RCC alone in reducing behavioral ( p = .017 ) and internalizing ( p = .042 ) problems . No outcome differences were found in ADHD symptoms ( p = .161 ) and parenting stress ( p = .643 ) . These results were equal for children with and without medication . Children allocated to RCC alone received more polypharmaceutical treatment . CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive BPT enhances the effectiveness of routine treatment of children with ADHD , particularly in decreasing behavioral and internalizing problems , but not in reducing ADHD symptoms or parenting stress . Furthermore , adjunctive BPT may limit the prescription of polypharmaceutical treatment
In this latter study , outcomes were better for girls and for children on medication .
Positive results on an inventory of child behaviour problems were reported for one small study ( n = 24 ) with the caveat that results were only positive when parent training was delivered to individuals and not groups .
Results for this outcome from a small study ( n = 24 ) suggested a long-term benefit for mothers who received the intervention at an individual level ; in contrast , fathers benefited from short-term group treatment .
Parent training may have a positive effect on the behaviour of children with ADHD .
It may also reduce parental stress and enhance parental confidence .
BACKGROUND Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by high levels of inattention , hyperactivity and impulsivity that are present before the age of seven years , seen in a range of situations , inconsistent with the child 's developmental level and causing social or academic impairment .
Parent training programmes are psychosocial interventions aim ed at training parents in techniques to enable them to manage their children 's challenging behaviour .
OBJECTIVES To determine whether parent training interventions are effective in reducing ADHD symptoms and associated problems in children aged between five and eigtheen years with a diagnosis of ADHD , compared to controls with no parent training intervention .