Based on the evidence review ed , low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets are not superior to other dietary approaches for weight loss .
These diets may have advantages related to appetite control , triglyceride reduction , and reduction in the use of medication in T2D management .
The evidence review ed showed mixed effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with some studies showing an increase .
There was no clear evidence for advantages regarding effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers .
Historically , low-carbohydrate ( CHO ) and very-low-CHO diets have been used for weight loss .
Recently , these diets have been promoted for type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) management .
This scientific statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence base available from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses on the effects of low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets on body weight , lipoprotein lipids , glycemic control , and other cardiometabolic risk factors .
Effects of the ketogenic diet on nutritional status, resting energy expenditure, and substrate oxidation in patients with medically refractory epilepsy: a 6-month prospective observational study.
BACKGROUND & AIMS This 6-month prospect i ve , single-arm observational study was design ed to assess the effects of the KD on the nutritional status , resting energy expenditure ( REE ) , and substrate oxidation in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy . METHODS Eighteen patients with medically refractory epilepsy underwent assessment of body composition , REE , and substrate oxidation rates before and after 6 months of KD . RESULTS Compared with baseline , there were no statistically significant differences at 6 months in terms of height , weight , BMI z-scores , and REE . However , the respiratory quotient decreased significantly ( from 0.80 ± 0.06 to 0.72 ± 0.05 , p < 0.001 ) whereas fat oxidation was significantly increased ( from 50.9 ± 25.2 mg/min to 97.5 ± 25.7 mg/min , p < 0.001 ) . Interestingly , we found that the increase in fat oxidation was the main independent predictor of the reduction in seizure frequency ( beta = -0.97 , t = -6.3 , p < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS Administering a KD for 6 months in patients with medically refractory epilepsy increases fat oxidation and decreases the respiratory quotient , without appreciable changes in REE
Based on the evidence review ed , low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets are not superior to other dietary approaches for weight loss .
These diets may have advantages related to appetite control , triglyceride reduction , and reduction in the use of medication in T2D management .
The evidence review ed showed mixed effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with some studies showing an increase .
There was no clear evidence for advantages regarding effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers .
Historically , low-carbohydrate ( CHO ) and very-low-CHO diets have been used for weight loss .
Recently , these diets have been promoted for type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) management .
This scientific statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence base available from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses on the effects of low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets on body weight , lipoprotein lipids , glycemic control , and other cardiometabolic risk factors .