Conclusion Stroke secondary prevention lifestyle interventions are effective in terms of effecting positive change in lifestyle behaviors and secondary outcomes , and appear promising in relation to physiological outcomes .
There was insufficient evidence to determine the effect of intervention on incidence of stroke recurrence
Background A feature of stroke is that it recurs ( 25 % within five-years ) .
Risk factors for stroke and recurrent stroke include smoking , alcohol consumption , poor diet , and physical inactivity .
Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of secondary prevention lifestyle interventions design ed to change lifestyle behavior following stroke .
This short paper presents a summary of the systematic review process and findings .
Long-Term Disability After First-Ever Stroke and Related Prognostic Factors in the Perth Community Stroke Study, 1989–1990
Background and Purpose — Few reliable estimates of the long-term functional outcome after stroke are available . This population -based study aim ed to describe disability , dependency , and related independent prognostic factors at 5 years after a first-ever stroke in patients in Perth , Western Australia . Methods — All individuals with a suspected acute stroke who were resident in a geographically defined region ( population , 138 708 ) of Perth , Western Australia , were registered prospect ively and assessed according to st and ardized diagnostic criteria over a period of 18 months in 1989 to 1990 . Patients were followed up prospect ively at 4 and 12 months and 5 years after the index event . Results — There were 370 cases of first-ever stroke , and 277 patients survived to 30 days . Of these early survivors , 152 ( 55 % ) were alive at 5 years , and among those who were neither institutionalized ( n=146 ) nor disabled ( n=129 ) at the time of their stroke , 21 ( 14 % ) were institutionalized in a nursing home , and 47 ( 36 % ) were disabled . The most important predictors of death or disability at 5 years were increasing age , baseline disability defined by a Barthel Index score of < 20/20 ( odds ratio [ OR ] , 6.3 ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 2.7 to 14 ) , moderate hemiparesis ( OR , 2.7 ; 95 % CI , 1.1 to 6.2 ) , severe hemiparesis ( OR , 4.5 ; 95 % CI , 1.1 to 19 ) , and recurrent stroke ( OR , 9.4 ; 95 % CI , 3.0 to 30 ) . A low level of activity before the stroke was a significant predictor of institutionalization , and subsequent recurrent stroke was a consistent , independent predictor of institutionalization , disability , and death or institutionalization , increasing the odds of each of these 3 adverse outcomes by 5- to 15-fold . Conclusions — Among 30-day survivors of first-ever stroke , about half survive 5 years ; of survivors , one third remain disabled , and 1 in 7 are in permanent institutional care . The major modifiable predictors of poor long-term outcome are a low level of activity before the stroke and subsequent recurrent stroke . Efforts to increase physical activity among the elderly and to prevent recurrent stroke in survivors of a first stroke are likely to reduce the long-term burden of cerebrovascular disease
Conclusion Stroke secondary prevention lifestyle interventions are effective in terms of effecting positive change in lifestyle behaviors and secondary outcomes , and appear promising in relation to physiological outcomes .
There was insufficient evidence to determine the effect of intervention on incidence of stroke recurrence
Background A feature of stroke is that it recurs ( 25 % within five-years ) .
Risk factors for stroke and recurrent stroke include smoking , alcohol consumption , poor diet , and physical inactivity .
Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of secondary prevention lifestyle interventions design ed to change lifestyle behavior following stroke .
This short paper presents a summary of the systematic review process and findings .