Mixed results were found for zinc , folic acid , vitamin C , and tryptophan , with nonsignificant results for inositol .
No major adverse effects were noted in the studies ( aside from minor digestive disturbance ) .
A meta- analysis of adjunctive omega-3 versus placebo revealed a significant and moderate to strong effect in favor of omega-3 .
Conversely , a meta- analysis of folic acid revealed a nonsignificant difference from placebo .
Current evidence supports adjunctive use of SAMe , methylfolate , omega-3 , and vitamin D with antidepressants to reduce depressive symptoms
OBJECTIVE There is burgeoning interest in augmentation strategies for improving inadequate response to antidepressants .
The adjunctive use of st and ardized pharmaceutical- grade nutrients , known as nutraceuticals , has the potential to modulate several neurochemical pathways implicated in depression .
While many studies have been conducted in this area , to date no specialized systematic review ( or meta- analysis ) has been conducted .
Inflammation as a Predictive Biomarker for Response to Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Major Depressive Disorder: A Proof of Concept Study
This study explores whether inflammatory biomarkers act as moderators of clinical response to omega-3 ( n-3 ) fatty acids in subjects with major depressive disorder ( MDD ) . One hundred fifty-five subjects with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , 4th Edition ( DSM-IV ) MDD , a baseline 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ( HAM-D-17 ) score ⩾15 and baseline biomarker data ( interleukin (IL)-1ra , IL-6 , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) , leptin and adiponectin ) were r and omized between 18 May 2006 and 30 June 2011 to 8 weeks of double-blind treatment with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-enriched n-3 1060 mg day−1 , docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched n-3 900 mg day−1 or placebo . Outcomes were determined using mixed model repeated measures analysis for ‘ high ’ and ‘ low ’ inflammation groups based on individual and combined biomarkers . Results are presented in terms of st and ardized treatment effect size ( ES ) for change in HAM-D-17 from baseline to treatment week 8 . Although overall treatment group differences were negligible ( ES=−0.13 to + 0.04 ) , subjects with any ‘ high ’ inflammation improved more on EPA than placebo ( ES=−0.39 ) or DHA ( ES=−0.60 ) and less on DHA than placebo ( ES=+0.21 ) ; furthermore , EPA-placebo separation increased with increasing numbers of markers of high inflammation . Subjects r and omized to EPA with ‘ high ’ IL-1ra or hs-CRP or low adiponectin ( ‘ high ’ inflammation ) had medium ES decreases in HAM-D-17 scores vs subjects ‘ low ’ on these biomarkers . Subjects with ‘ high ’ hs-CRP , IL-6 or leptin were less placebo-responsive than subjects with low levels of these biomarkers ( medium to large ES differences ) . Employing multiple markers of inflammation facilitated identification of a more homogeneous cohort of subjects with MDD responding to EPA vs placebo in our cohort . Studies are needed to replicate and extend this proof-of-concept work
Mixed results were found for zinc , folic acid , vitamin C , and tryptophan , with nonsignificant results for inositol .
No major adverse effects were noted in the studies ( aside from minor digestive disturbance ) .
A meta- analysis of adjunctive omega-3 versus placebo revealed a significant and moderate to strong effect in favor of omega-3 .
Conversely , a meta- analysis of folic acid revealed a nonsignificant difference from placebo .
Current evidence supports adjunctive use of SAMe , methylfolate , omega-3 , and vitamin D with antidepressants to reduce depressive symptoms
OBJECTIVE There is burgeoning interest in augmentation strategies for improving inadequate response to antidepressants .
The adjunctive use of st and ardized pharmaceutical- grade nutrients , known as nutraceuticals , has the potential to modulate several neurochemical pathways implicated in depression .
While many studies have been conducted in this area , to date no specialized systematic review ( or meta- analysis ) has been conducted .