Vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a small but statistically significant improvement in ADHD total scores , inattention scores , hyperactivity scores , and behavior scores .
There was no statistically significant improvement in oppositional scores .
Reported adverse events in the vitamin D group were mild and not significantly different from the control group .
Vitamin D supplementation increased serum vitamin D levels and the ratio of patients with sufficient vitamin D levels .
Conclusions : Vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylpheni date appeared to reduce ADHD symptoms without serious adverse events , associated with improved vitamin D status .
Objective : A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) were conducted to assess the benefits and harms of vitamin D supplementation for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) patients .
Effect of vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylphenidate on ADHD symptoms: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial
Objectives : Previous studies have shown that serum levels of vitamin D were lower in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) children compared to healthy controls . The aim of the study was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylpheni date on symptoms of children with ADHD . Methods : Sixty-two children aged 5–12 years with a diagnosis of ADHD based on DSM-IV criteria were r and omly assigned into two groups to receive either 2000IU vitamin D or placebo in addition to methylpheni date for 8 weeks . Symptoms severity was assessed by Conner 's Parent Rating Scale-Revised[S ] ( CPRS ) , ADHD rating scale-IV ( ADHD-RS ) , and Weekly Parent Ratings of Evening and Morning Behavior ( WPREMB ) at weeks 0 , 4 , and 8 . Serum levels of 25(OH)D were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks . Anthropometric variables , dietary intake , physical activity , sun exposure , and side effects were assessed . Results : Fifty-four participants completed the trial . After 8 weeks of supplementation , serum levels of 25(OH)D significantly increased in the vitamin D group . ADHD symptoms decreased significantly in both groups ( P < 0.05 ) . Evening symptoms and total score of WPREMB scale were significantly different at weeks 4 and 8 between the two groups ( P = 0.013 , 0.016 , respectively ) , but no differences were found in symptoms by CPRS and ADHD-RS scales . Discussion : Vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylpheni date improved ADHD evening symptoms . Future research is needed to clarify vitamin D effects as monotherapy in ADHD and its mechanism . The trial was registered in www.i rct .ir is ( I RCT 201404222394N10 )
Vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a small but statistically significant improvement in ADHD total scores , inattention scores , hyperactivity scores , and behavior scores .
There was no statistically significant improvement in oppositional scores .
Reported adverse events in the vitamin D group were mild and not significantly different from the control group .
Vitamin D supplementation increased serum vitamin D levels and the ratio of patients with sufficient vitamin D levels .
Conclusions : Vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylpheni date appeared to reduce ADHD symptoms without serious adverse events , associated with improved vitamin D status .
Objective : A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) were conducted to assess the benefits and harms of vitamin D supplementation for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) patients .