In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Artificial sweeteners and absence of bladder cancer risk in Copenhagen.
During the years 1979 to 1981 a population -based case-control study of bladder cancer including papillomas was performed in Greater Copenhagen . After exclusions some 388 patients ( 290 males ; 98 females ) and an age- and sex-matched group of 787 controls ( 592 males ; 195 females ) remained for analysis . Controls were selected at r and om from the general population of the study area . All persons were interviewed concerning use of artificial sweeteners in addition to their exposure to a number of other known or suspected risk factors for bladder cancer . Fifty-five male bladder cancer patients ( 19.4 % ) and 150 controls ( 25.7 % ) had at some time used artificial sweeteners regularly . Among females 27.1 % of cases and 25.9 % of controls regularly used sweeteners . In neither sex was the relative risk significantly increased in users compared with non-users of artificial sweeteners . The relative risk of 0.78 in the two sexes combined was not significantly different from 1.0 ( 95 % C.I. : 0.58 - 1.05 ) . There was no indication of a regular increase in risk with increasing daily consumption of table-top sweeteners nor was there any indication of an increase in risk with a duration of regular use of artificial sweeteners . Taking into account a possible latency period between first regular use and bladder cancer development did not change the finding of an absence of association between use of artificial sweeteners and the risk of bladder cancer . Neither saccharine nor cyclamate users had an increased risk of bladder cancer . This population -based case-control investigation provides further evidence that it is highly unlikely that the consumption of artificial sweeteners has contributed to current bladder cancer rates in man
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .