The vast majority of studies reported inverse associations between 25(OH)D concentration and all-cause mortality .
This association appeared to be non-linear , with progressively lower mortality with increasing 25(OH)D up to a point , beyond which there was no further decrease .
There is moderate evidence that vitamin D status is inversely associated with cancer mortality and death due to respiratory diseases , while for cardiovascular mortality , there is weak evidence of an association in observational studies , which is not supported by the data from intervention or Mendelian r and omization studies .
Epidemiological evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased mortality , but it is unclear whether this is explained by reverse causation , and if there are specific causes of death for which vitamin D might be important .
Estimation of the optimum dose of vitamin D for disease prevention in older people: Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of the BEST-D trial
Highlights • The BEST-D ( Biochemical Efficacy and Safety Trial of vitamin D ) trial will compare the biochemical and other effects of daily dietary supplementation with 100 μg or 50 μg vitamin D3 or placebo , when administered for 12 months , in 305 ambulant community-dwelling older people living in Oxfordshire , Engl and .• The primary analyses will compare 12-month mean plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D as well as the proportion of participants with a 12-month concentration > 90 nmol/L between participants allocated 100 μg and participants allocated 50 μg daily . Secondary analyses will compare the two active doses ( both separately and when combined ) with placebo.• Additional end-points include biochemical assessment s of safety , blood pressure , arterial stiffness , falls , fractures , heel and wrist bone density , grip strength and physical performance and echocardiographic assessment s of cardiac function in a r and om sample of participants .• The results of this trial will help determine the optimum dose of vitamin D to test in a larger trial investigating whether vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk of fractures , cardiovascular disease or cancer
The vast majority of studies reported inverse associations between 25(OH)D concentration and all-cause mortality .
This association appeared to be non-linear , with progressively lower mortality with increasing 25(OH)D up to a point , beyond which there was no further decrease .
There is moderate evidence that vitamin D status is inversely associated with cancer mortality and death due to respiratory diseases , while for cardiovascular mortality , there is weak evidence of an association in observational studies , which is not supported by the data from intervention or Mendelian r and omization studies .
Epidemiological evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased mortality , but it is unclear whether this is explained by reverse causation , and if there are specific causes of death for which vitamin D might be important .