Comorbidity , gender , age , number of sessions , duration , intervention type , setting , medication use or dropout percentage did not influence the effect of treatment .
CONCLUSIONS Psychological treatments have a small effect in reducing parent- , teacher- and observer-rated CD problems  in children and adolescents with clinical CD problems/diagnosis .
There is not enough evidence to support one specific psychological treatment over another .
Many reports failed to provide detailed information to allow optimization of psychological treatment strategies
BACKGROUND This meta- analysis evaluates the efficacy of nonpharmacological treatments for conduct disorder ( CD ) problems in children and adolescents , based on child , parent and teacher report .
The transportability of multisystemic therapy to Sweden: short-term results from a randomized trial of conduct-disordered youths.
This r and omized clinical trial assessed the effectiveness of  multisystemic therapy ( MST ) for 156 youths who met the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder . Sweden 's 3 largest cities and 1 small town served as the recruiting area for the study . A mixed factorial design was used , with r and om allocation between MST and treatment as usual groups . Assessment s were conducted at intake and 7 months after referral . With an intention-to-treat approach , results from multiagent and multi method assessment batteries showed a general decrease in psychiatric problems and antisocial behaviors among participants across treatments . There were no significant differences in treatment effects between the 2 groups . The lack of treatment effect did not appear to be caused by site differences or variations in program maturity . MST treatment fidelity was lower than that of other studies , although not clearly related to treatment outcomes in this study . The results are discussed in terms of differences between Sweden and the United States . One difference is the way in which young offenders are processed ( a child welfare approach vs. a juvenile justice system approach ) . Sociodemographic differences ( e.g. , rates of poverty , crime , and substance abuse ) between the 2 countries may also have moderating effects on the rates of rehabilitation among young offenders . ( PsycINFO Data base Record ( c ) 2008 APA , all rights reserved )
Comorbidity , gender , age , number of sessions , duration , intervention type , setting , medication use or dropout percentage did not influence the effect of treatment .
CONCLUSIONS Psychological treatments have a small effect in reducing parent- , teacher- and observer-rated CD problems  in children and adolescents with clinical CD problems/diagnosis .
There is not enough evidence to support one specific psychological treatment over another .
Many reports failed to provide detailed information to allow optimization of psychological treatment strategies
BACKGROUND This meta- analysis evaluates the efficacy of nonpharmacological treatments for conduct disorder ( CD ) problems in children and adolescents , based on child , parent and teacher report .