Overall , moderate evidence suggests that nerve blockades are effective for relieving acute pain and reducing delirium .
Low-level evidence suggests that preoperative traction does not reduce acute pain .
Nerve blockade seems to be effective in reducing acute pain after hip fracture .
Sparse data preclude firm conclusions about the relative benefits or harms of many other pain management interventions for patients with hip fracture .
BACKGROUND  Pain management  is integral to the management of hip fracture .
PURPOSE To review the benefits and harms of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for managing pain  after hip fracture .
Non-invasive interactive neurostimulation in the post-operative recovery of patients with a trochanteric fracture of the femur. A randomised, controlled trial.
We undertook a trial on 60 patients with AO 31A2 fractures of the hip who were r and omised after stabilisation of the fracture into two equal groups , one of which received post-operative treatment using a non-invasive interactive neurostimulation device and the other with a sham device . All other aspects of their rehabilitation were the same . The treatment was continued for ten days after operation . Outcome measurements included the use of a visual analogue scale for pain , the brief pain inventory and Ketorolac for post-operative control of pain , and an overall assessment of outcome by the surgeon . There were significantly better results for the patients receiving treatment by active electrical stimulation ( repeated measures analysis of variance , p < 0.001 ) . The findings of this pilot trial justify a larger study to determine if these results are more generally applicable
Overall , moderate evidence suggests that nerve blockades are effective for relieving acute pain and reducing delirium .
Low-level evidence suggests that preoperative traction does not reduce acute pain .
Nerve blockade seems to be effective in reducing acute pain after hip fracture .
Sparse data preclude firm conclusions about the relative benefits or harms of many other pain management interventions for patients with hip fracture .
BACKGROUND  Pain management  is integral to the management of hip fracture .
PURPOSE To review the benefits and harms of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for managing pain  after hip fracture .