Conclusion : The results from this meta- analysis suggest a beneficial short-term effect of coffee intake on EF as measured by FMD .
Base on systematic review results acute and chronic intake of coffee products may exerts an unfavorable effect on AS .
Background : Endothelial function ( EF ) and arterial stiffness ( AS ) are predictors of cardiovascular disease .
As previous research concerning the effect of coffee intake on EF and AS was controversial , we conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis to synthesize research .
Effect of dark chocolate on arterial function in healthy individuals.
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies suggest that high flavonoid intake confers a benefit on cardiovascular outcome . Endothelial function , arterial stiffness , and wave reflections are important determinants of cardiovascular performance and are predictors of cardiovascular risk . METHODS The effect of flavonoid-rich dark chocolate ( 100 g ) on endothelial function , aortic stiffness , wave reflections , and oxidant status were studied for 3 h in 17 young healthy volunteers according to a r and omized , single-blind , sham procedure-controlled , cross-over protocol .  Flow-mediated dilation ( FMD ) of the brachial artery , aortic augmentation index ( AIx ) , and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( PWV ) were used as measures of endothelial function , wave reflections , and aortic stiffness , respectively . Plasma oxidant status was evaluated with measurement of plasma malondialdehyde ( MDA ) and total antioxidant capacity ( TAC ) . RESULTS Chocolate led to a significant increase in resting and hyperemic brachial artery diameter throughout the study ( maximum increase by 0.15 mm and 0.18 mm , respectively , P < .001 for both ) . The FMD increased significantly at 60 min ( absolute increase 1.43 % , P < .05 ) . The AIx was significantly decreased with chocolate throughout the study ( maximum absolute decrease 7.8 % , P < .001 ) , indicating a decrease in wave reflections , whereas PWV did not change to a significant extent . Plasma MDA and TAC did not change after chocolate , indicating no alterations in plasma oxidant status . CONCLUSIONS Our study shows for the first time that consumption of dark chocolate acutely decreases wave reflections , that it does not affect aortic stiffness , and that it may exert a beneficial effect on endothelial function in healthy adults .  Chocolate consumption may exert a protective effect on the cardiovascular system ; further studies are warranted to assess any long-term effects
Conclusion : The results from this meta- analysis suggest a beneficial short-term effect of coffee intake on EF as measured by FMD .
Base on systematic review results acute and chronic intake of coffee products may exerts an unfavorable effect on AS .
Background : Endothelial function ( EF ) and arterial stiffness ( AS ) are predictors of cardiovascular disease .
As previous research concerning the effect of coffee intake on EF and AS was controversial , we conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis to synthesize research .