Comparison of PO diets with diets rich in stearic acid , monounsaturated fatty acids ( MUFAs ) , and polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) showed significantly higher TC , LDL cholesterol , apolipoprotein B , HDL cholesterol , and apolipoprotein A-I , whereas most of the same biomarkers were significantly lower when compared with diets rich in myristic/lauric acid .
Comparison of PO-rich diets with diets rich in trans fatty acids showed significantly higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I and significantly lower apolipoprotein B , triacylglycerols , and TC/HDL cholesterol .
Stratified and meta-regression analyses showed that the higher concentrations of TC and LDL cholesterol , when PO was substituted for MUFAs and PUFAs , were not significant in young people and in subjects with diets with a lower percentage of energy from fat .
Both favorable and unfavorable changes in CHD/CVD risk markers occurred when PO was substituted for the primary dietary fats , whereas only favorable changes occurred when PO was substituted for trans fatty acids .
BACKGROUND Palm oil ( PO ) may be an unhealthy fat because of its high saturated fatty acid content .
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of substituting PO for other primary dietary fats on blood lipid-related markers of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .
Effect of fats high in individual saturated fatty acids on plasma lipoprotein[a] levels in young healthy men.
Plasma lipoprotein[a ] ( Lp[a ] ) is associated with atherogenesis and thrombogenesis . We examined how plasma Lp[a ] in healthy young men was affected by fats high in stearic ( C18 ) , palmitic ( C16 ) , and lauric+myristic ( C12 + C14 ) acid  ( experiment I , 15 subjects ) , and by fats high in myristic ( C14 ) and palmitic ( C16 ) acid  ( experiment II , 12 subjects ) . Strictly controlled isocaloric diets with 36 % of energy from test fats were served in r and om order for 3 weeks separated by wash-out period(s ) . Diets high in C18 gave significantly higher levels of Lp[a ] ( 51(12 - 560 ) mg/L ) than diets high in C16 ( 38(12 - 533 mg/L ) ( P = 0.020 ) and C12 + C14 ( 34(12 - 534 ) mg/L ) ( P = 0.002 ) . These differences were observed in several of the subjects in experiment I. In experiment II we saw no difference in plasma Lp[a ] after diets high in C16 and C14 . Our observations suggest that a fat high in stearic acid might affect Lp[a ] in a different way than fats high in palmitic and myristic+lauric acid . Lp[a ] concentrations were not associate with changes in tissue-plasminogen activator ( t-PA ) activity , factor VII coagualant activity , or plasma LDL cholesterol
Comparison of PO diets with diets rich in stearic acid , monounsaturated fatty acids ( MUFAs ) , and polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) showed significantly higher TC , LDL cholesterol , apolipoprotein B , HDL cholesterol , and apolipoprotein A-I , whereas most of the same biomarkers were significantly lower when compared with diets rich in myristic/lauric acid .
Comparison of PO-rich diets with diets rich in trans fatty acids showed significantly higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I and significantly lower apolipoprotein B , triacylglycerols , and TC/HDL cholesterol .
Stratified and meta-regression analyses showed that the higher concentrations of TC and LDL cholesterol , when PO was substituted for MUFAs and PUFAs , were not significant in young people and in subjects with diets with a lower percentage of energy from fat .
Both favorable and unfavorable changes in CHD/CVD risk markers occurred when PO was substituted for the primary dietary fats , whereas only favorable changes occurred when PO was substituted for trans fatty acids .
BACKGROUND Palm oil ( PO ) may be an unhealthy fat because of its high saturated fatty acid content .
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of substituting PO for other primary dietary fats on blood lipid-related markers of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .