There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Lipid-lipoproteins in children: an exercise dose-response study.
PURPOSE To study the effect of exercise volume on pre- and early-pubertal children 's lipid-lipoprotein profile .  METHODS Thirty-four children ( 15 girls ) completed 12 wk of exercise training , preceded by a 12-wk control period . Sixteen ( 7 girls and 9 boys ) expended an additional 422 + /- 5 kJ.kg BM ( LOW , 100 kcal.kg ) , whereas 18 ( 8 girls and 10 boys ) expended an additional 586 + /- 7 kJ.g ( MOD , 140 kcal.kg ) as a result of the training program . They all exercised on three nonconsecutive days per week at 80 + /- 1 % HRpeak . Exercise duration was individualized to match energy expenditure targets . Plasma TG , TC , and HDL-C were measured precontrol , pretraining , and posttraining . LDL-C , TC/HDL-C , and LDL-C/HDL-C were also calculated . RESULTS Group mean lipid-lipoprotein concentrations did not change as a result of training energy expenditure in either of the groups ( P > 0.05 ) . Dietary composition , habitual physical activity , and body composition were also relatively stable over the intervention period ( P > 0.05 ) . In the LOW , but not the MOD group , peak VO2 ( mL.kg.min ) tended to increase over the intervention period ( P = 0.07 ) . Pearson 's product moment correlation analyses indicated that pretraining concentrations of TG , TC , LDL-C , TC/HDL-C , and LDL-C/HDL-C were all related to the small changes seen in the lipid-lipoprotein profile ( P < 0.01 ) . CONCLUSION Additional energy expenditure of 422 or 586 kJ.kg , as a direct result of aerobic exercise training over a 12-wk period , did not cause significant alterations in the lipid-lipoprotein profile  in pre- and early-pubertal children . This may indicate that the exercise volume was insufficient , the lipoprotein profiles of the majority of children in this study were classified as " desirable , " or more likely a combination of these factors
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .