The available evidence suggests the early changes in cognition may predict treatment response in individuals with MDD .
The results depict an emerging trend towards early changes in facial emotion recognition ( i.e. , a hot cognitive process ) as a predictor of treatment outcome .
Conclusion : The identification of reliable early treatment predictors of antidepressant response would be clinical ly significant , enabling clinicians to more accurately evaluate the efficacy of selected treatment avenues .
HIGHLIGHTSCognitive dysfunction is a principal feature and determinant of health outcome in MDD.Cognitive changes have shown to occur prior to improvements in mood symptoms .
Early changes in emotional processing may predict treatment response in MDD
Background : Despite the widespread use of antidepressants in clinical practice , the current trial‐ and ‐error approach to medication selection contributes to treatment failure and underscores the need to identify reliable predictors of antidepressant response .
Since changes in measures of cognition have been reported to occur early in treatment and prior to improvements in overall mood symptoms , the present review aims to determine whether early changes in measures of cognition can predict response in individuals with MDD .
A Randomized Trial of rTMS Targeted with MRI Based Neuro-Navigation in Treatment-Resistant Depression
The aim of this study is to investigate whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS ) targeted to a specific site in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ( DLPFC ) , with a neuro-navigational method based on structural MRI , would be more effective than rTMS applied using the st and ard localization technique . Fifty-one patients with treatment-resistant depression were r and omized to receive a 3-week course ( with a potential 1-week extension ) of high-frequency ( 10 Hz ) left-sided rTMS . Thirty trains ( 5 s duration ) were applied daily 5 days per week at 100 % of the resting motor threshold . Treatment was targeted with either the st and ard 5 cm technique ( n=27 ) or using a neuro-navigational approach ( n=24 ) . This involved localizing the scalp location that corresponds to a specific site at the junction of Brodmann areas 46 and 9 in the DLPFC based on each individual subject 's MRI scan . There was an overall significant reduction in the Montgomery – Asberg Depression Rating Scale scores over the course of the trial , and a better outcome in the targeted group compared with the st and ard localization group at 4 weeks ( p=0.02 ) . Significant differences were also found on secondary outcome variables . The use of neuro-navigational methods to target a specific DLPFC site appears to enhance response to rTMS treatment in depression . Further research is required to confirm this in larger sample s , or to establish whether an alternate method based on surface anatomy , including measurement from motor cortex , can be substituted for the st and ard 5 cm method
The available evidence suggests the early changes in cognition may predict treatment response in individuals with MDD .
The results depict an emerging trend towards early changes in facial emotion recognition ( i.e. , a hot cognitive process ) as a predictor of treatment outcome .
Conclusion : The identification of reliable early treatment predictors of antidepressant response would be clinical ly significant , enabling clinicians to more accurately evaluate the efficacy of selected treatment avenues .
HIGHLIGHTSCognitive dysfunction is a principal feature and determinant of health outcome in MDD.Cognitive changes have shown to occur prior to improvements in mood symptoms .
Early changes in emotional processing may predict treatment response in MDD
Background : Despite the widespread use of antidepressants in clinical practice , the current trial‐ and ‐error approach to medication selection contributes to treatment failure and underscores the need to identify reliable predictors of antidepressant response .
Since changes in measures of cognition have been reported to occur early in treatment and prior to improvements in overall mood symptoms , the present review aims to determine whether early changes in measures of cognition can predict response in individuals with MDD .