In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Chronic Low-Calorie Sweetener Use and Risk of Abdominal Obesity among Older Adults: A Cohort Study
Introduction Low-calorie sweetener use for weight control has come under increasing scrutiny as obesity , especially abdominal obesity , remain entrenched despite substantial low-calorie sweetener use . We evaluated whether chronic low-calorie sweetener use is a risk factor for abdominal obesity . Participants and Methods We used 8268 anthropometric measurements and 3096 food diary records with detailed information on low-calorie sweetener consumption in all food products , from 1454 participants ( 741 men , 713 women ) in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging collected from 1984 to 2012 with median follow-up of 10 years ( range : 0–28 years ) . At baseline , 785 were low-calorie sweetener non-users ( 51.7 % men ) and 669 participants were low-calorie sweetener users ( 50.1 % men ) . Time-varying low-calorie sweetener use was operationalized as the proportion of visits since baseline at which low-calorie sweetener use was reported . We used marginal structural models to determine the association between baseline and time-varying low-calorie sweetener use with longitudinal outcomes —body mass index , waist circumference , obesity and abdominal obesity — with outcome status assessed at the visit following low-calorie sweetener ascertainment to minimize the potential for reverse causality . All models were adjusted for year of visit , age , sex , age by sex interaction , race , current smoking status , dietary intake ( caffeine , fructose , protein , carbohydrate , and fat ) , physical activity , diabetes status , and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score as confounders . Results With median follow-up of 10 years , low-calorie sweetener users had 0.80 kg/m2 higher body mass index ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 0.17–1.44 ) , 2.6 cm larger waist circumference ( 95 % CI , 0.71–4.39 ) , 36.7 % higher prevalence ( prevalence ratio = 1.37 ; 95 % CI , 1.10–1.69 ) and 53 % higher incidence ( hazard ratio = 1.53 ; 95 % CI 1.10–2.12 ) of abdominal obesity than low-calorie sweetener non-users . Conclusions Low-calorie sweetener use is independently associated with heavier relative weight , a larger waist , and a higher prevalence and incidence of abdominal obesity suggesting that low-calorie sweetener use may not be an effective means of weight control
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .