Identified mediators for medium-/long-term weight control were higher levels of autonomous motivation , self-efficacy/barriers , self-regulation skills ( such as self-monitoring ) , flexible eating restraint , and positive body image .
For physical activity , significant putative mediators were high autonomous motivation , self-efficacy , and use of self-regulation skills .
For dietary intake , the evidence was much less clear , and no consistent mediators were identified .
Conclusions This is the first systematic review of mediational psychological mechanisms of successful outcomes in obesity-related lifestyle change interventions .
Despite limited evidence , higher autonomous motivation , self-efficacy , and self-regulation skills emerged as the best predictors of beneficial weight and physical activity outcomes ; for weight control , positive body image and flexible eating restraint may additionally improve outcomes .
These variables represent possible targets for future lifestyle interventions in overweight/obese population
Background Relapse is high in lifestyle obesity interventions involving behavior and weight change .
Identifying mediators of successful outcomes in these interventions is critical to improve effectiveness and to guide approaches to obesity treatment , including re source allocation .
This article review s the most consistent self-regulation mediators of medium- and long-term weight control , physical activity , and dietary intake in clinical and community behavior change interventions targeting overweight/obese adults .
Assessment of habitual physical activity by a seven-day recall in a community survey and controlled experiments.
Assessment of habitual physical activity in epidemiologic and health education studies has been difficult . A seven-day physical activity recall interview was developed and administered in a community health survey , a r and omized clinical trial , and two worksite health promotion programs during 1979 - 1982 . These studies were conducted in several population s in California , Texas , Pennsylvania , and New Jersey . Energy expenditure estimates from the physical activity recall conformed to expected age- and sex-specific values in the cross-sectional community survey . Estimates of energy expenditure were also congruent with other questions on physical activity and job classification . In a r and omized , one-year exercise trial , the physical activity recall detected increases in energy expenditure in the treated group and was positively associated with miles run during training ( p less than 0.05 ) . Changes in energy expenditure were associated with changes in maximal oxygen uptake ( VO2max ( r = 0.33 , p less than 0.05 ) and body fatness ( r = -0.50 , p less than 0.01 ) at six months , and in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( r = 0.31 , p less than 0.05 ) and triglyceride ( r = -0.41 , p less than 0.01 ) at one year . The physical activity recall detected significant ( p less than 0.01 ) increases in energy expenditure in treatment groups in two worksite health promotion projects . These data suggest that the physical activity recall provides useful estimates of habitual physical activity for research in epidemiologic and health education studies
Identified mediators for medium-/long-term weight control were higher levels of autonomous motivation , self-efficacy/barriers , self-regulation skills ( such as self-monitoring ) , flexible eating restraint , and positive body image .
For physical activity , significant putative mediators were high autonomous motivation , self-efficacy , and use of self-regulation skills .
For dietary intake , the evidence was much less clear , and no consistent mediators were identified .
Conclusions This is the first systematic review of mediational psychological mechanisms of successful outcomes in obesity-related lifestyle change interventions .
Despite limited evidence , higher autonomous motivation , self-efficacy , and self-regulation skills emerged as the best predictors of beneficial weight and physical activity outcomes ; for weight control , positive body image and flexible eating restraint may additionally improve outcomes .
These variables represent possible targets for future lifestyle interventions in overweight/obese population
Background Relapse is high in lifestyle obesity interventions involving behavior and weight change .
Identifying mediators of successful outcomes in these interventions is critical to improve effectiveness and to guide approaches to obesity treatment , including re source allocation .
This article review s the most consistent self-regulation mediators of medium- and long-term weight control , physical activity , and dietary intake in clinical and community behavior change interventions targeting overweight/obese adults .