Conclusions and Relevance In this systematic review and meta- analysis , neither intermittent nor daily dosing with st and ard doses of vitamin D alone was associated with reduced risk of fracture , but daily supplementation with both vitamin D and calcium was a more promising strategy
Importance Vitamin D and calcium supplements are recommended for the prevention of fracture , but previous r and omized clinical trials ( RCTs ) have reported conflicting results , with uncertainty about optimal doses and regimens for supplementation and their overall effectiveness .
Objective To assess the risks of fracture associated with differences in concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D ( 25[OH]D ) in observational studies and the risks of fracture associated with supplementation with vitamin D alone or in combination with calcium in RCTs .
Multivitamin and mineral supplementation is associated with the reduction of fracture risk and hospitalization rate in Chinese adult males: a randomized controlled study
Controversy exists in the literature regarding the efficacy of bone health-related nutrients , especially calcium and vitamin D , in preventing fractures . The aim of our present study was to determine the effect of multivitamin and mineral supplementation on fracture incidence among 3,318 participants from a nutritional intervention trial in Linxian , China . A total of 1,461 men and 1,857 women were enrolled and r and omized to daily supplementation with 26 vitamins and minerals tablet or placebo pills for 6 years , followed by a 16-year post-interventional follow-up . The date s , sites , and causes of the fractures were collected retrospectively via a st and ardized question naire . Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95 % confidence intervals of fracture incidence in the intervention versus the placebo group . A total of 221 fractures ( 57 in men and 164 in women ) occurred during the entire study period of 21 years and 9 months . In men , the supplement reduced the risk of fracture by 63 % during the trial period , and this protective effect was sustained and statistically significant when analysis included both the trial period and 5- or 10-year post-intervention follow-up ( years 0–11 , P = 0.04 ; years 0–16 , P = 0.02 , respectively ) . The protection against fracture was not apparent > 10 years after cessation of the intervention . In women , no significant effect of supplementation on fracture incidence was seen in any of the study periods . These results demonstrate that a 6-year multivitamin and mineral intervention was associated with significant reduction of fracture risk and fracture-related hospitalization in men , but not in women
Conclusions and Relevance In this systematic review and meta- analysis , neither intermittent nor daily dosing with st and ard doses of vitamin D alone was associated with reduced risk of fracture , but daily supplementation with both vitamin D and calcium was a more promising strategy
Importance Vitamin D and calcium supplements are recommended for the prevention of fracture , but previous r and omized clinical trials ( RCTs ) have reported conflicting results , with uncertainty about optimal doses and regimens for supplementation and their overall effectiveness .
Objective To assess the risks of fracture associated with differences in concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D ( 25[OH]D ) in observational studies and the risks of fracture associated with supplementation with vitamin D alone or in combination with calcium in RCTs .