Conclusions Stroke secondary prevention lifestyle interventions are effective in terms of affecting positive change in relation to lifestyle behaviours , physiological and secondary outcomes .
However , there was insufficient evidence to determine the effect of intervention on incidence of stroke recurrence .
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Background Each year , approximately 15 million people worldwide have a stroke ; of these , five million die and another five million are chronically disabled .
Stroke recurs in approximately 25 % of patients during the first five years post-stroke ; recurrence may result in death , increased disability or institutionalisation .
Modifiable risk factors for recurrent stroke have been identified , and may be addressed by means of behavioural health promotion interventions .
Objectives This systematic review sought to establish the effectiveness of secondary prevention behavioural interventions , which address one or more modifiable lifestyle risk factors for recurrent stroke i.e. tobacco use , unhealthy diet , physical inactivity and excessive alcohol consumption .
A randomized controlled trial of supervised versus unsupervised exercise programs for ambulatory stroke survivors.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Little is known about the relative efficacy of supervised versus unsupervised community exercise programs for stroke survivors . This study compared the effectiveness of a 10-week supervised strengthening and conditioning program ( supervised ) with a 1-week supervised instruction program followed by a 9-week unsupervised home program ( unsupervised ) and evaluated retention of changes at 6 months and 1 year after program completion . METHODS Seventy-two subjects retained at baseline ( 27 women , 45 men ; mean+/-SD age , 64.6+/-11.8 years ) were r and omly allocated to receive the supervised or unsupervised program . The primary outcome was walking speed over 6 minutes , and secondary outcome measures were Human Activity Profile , Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short-Form survey ( SF-36 ) , Physiological Cost Index , and lower extremity muscle strength . RESULTS The 6-minute walking speed increased significantly in both groups and remained significantly improved by 1 year . The Human Activity Profile demonstrated an increasing trend only in the supervised group that was significant by 1 year . The SF-36 Physical Component summary score increased significantly in the supervised group and remained improved by 1 year ; the unsupervised group showed significant improvement at 1 year . Women made greater gains in supervised programs , but men made greater gains in unsupervised programs . CONCLUSIONS Supervised exercise programs and unsupervised programs after initial supervised instruction were both associated with physical benefits that were retained for 1 year , although supervised programs showed trends to greater improvements in self-reported gains . Gender differences require further research
Conclusions Stroke secondary prevention lifestyle interventions are effective in terms of affecting positive change in relation to lifestyle behaviours , physiological and secondary outcomes .
However , there was insufficient evidence to determine the effect of intervention on incidence of stroke recurrence .
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Background Each year , approximately 15 million people worldwide have a stroke ; of these , five million die and another five million are chronically disabled .
Stroke recurs in approximately 25 % of patients during the first five years post-stroke ; recurrence may result in death , increased disability or institutionalisation .
Modifiable risk factors for recurrent stroke have been identified , and may be addressed by means of behavioural health promotion interventions .
Objectives This systematic review sought to establish the effectiveness of secondary prevention behavioural interventions , which address one or more modifiable lifestyle risk factors for recurrent stroke i.e. tobacco use , unhealthy diet , physical inactivity and excessive alcohol consumption .