RESULTS The instruments most frequently used were single-item VAS and Biberoglu and Behrman pain score , while multidimensional inventories were used in few studies .
The results of clinical studies in CPP are more frequently based on one-dimensional measurements .
RATIONALE Many types of  pain assessment are available to research ers carrying out clinical trials in chronic pelvic pain ( CPP ) , ranging from a single-item scale to multidimensional inventories .
AIM Our objective was to investigate which assessment s of pain are more commonly used in clinical trials on CPP .
A randomized controlled trial of intravesical bacillus calmette-guerin for treatment refractory interstitial cystitis.
PURPOSE We compared intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin ( BCG ) to placebo instillations in patients with treatment refractory interstitial cystitis ( IC ) . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Subjects who met the National Institutes of Health-National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases criteria for IC , and reported at least moderate pain and frequency for a minimum of 6 months before study entry , were r and omized to 6 weekly double-blinded intravesical instillations of either BCG or placebo , and then followed for a total of 34 weeks . The primary outcome was a patient reported global response assessment at week 34 , supplemented with medications for IC during weeks 31 to 34 . Secondary outcomes included a 24-hour voiding diary , pain , urgency , vali date d IC symptom indexes and adverse events . The target sample size was 260 participants , design ed to detect a difference in response rates between placebo and BCG of 30 % and 50 % , respectively . RESULTS A total of 265 participants were r and omized and 17 ( 6 % ) patients withdrew from study . The response rates for the primary outcome were 12 % for placebo and 21 % for BCG ( p = 0.062 ) . Small improvements were observed for all secondary outcomes , some more so with BCG , but these differences were of borderline statistical significance . Although a large number of adverse events were reported in the BCG arm , there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment arms in overall adverse event rates . CONCLUSIONS Although the BCG safety profile was acceptable , the response rate for the primary outcome was low . Effective medical treatment for patients with moderate to severe interstitial cystitis remains elusive
RESULTS The instruments most frequently used were single-item VAS and Biberoglu and Behrman pain score , while multidimensional inventories were used in few studies .
The results of clinical studies in CPP are more frequently based on one-dimensional measurements .
RATIONALE Many types of  pain assessment are available to research ers carrying out clinical trials in chronic pelvic pain ( CPP ) , ranging from a single-item scale to multidimensional inventories .
AIM Our objective was to investigate which assessment s of pain are more commonly used in clinical trials on CPP .