METHODS The results of recent systematic review s are discussed and supplemented with relevant literature not included in these review s. PubMed was search ed for the years 2006 - 2011 for additional topics not sufficiently covered by the review s. RESULTS PA was associated with lower blood pressure and a healthier lipid blood profile in children .
The association was stronger when a composite risk factor score was analysed , and the associations between physical fitness and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors were even stronger .
Muscle strength and endurance exercise each had an effect on blood lipids and insulin sensitivity even if the effect was smaller for muscle strength than for aerobic exercise .
New evidence suggests possible effects of PA  on C-reactive protein .
CONCLUSION There is accumulating evidence that PA can have beneficial effects on the risk factors of CVD in children .
BACKGROUND A number of recent systematic review s have result ed in changes in international recommendations for children 's participation in physical activity ( PA ) for health .
The World Health Authority ( WHO ) has recently released new recommendations .
The WHO still recommends 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity ( MVPA ) , but also emphasises that these minutes should be on top of everyday physical activities .
Everyday physical activities total around 30 min of MVPA in the quintile of the least active children , which means that the new recommendations constitute more activity in total compared with earlier recommendations .
OBJECTIVE To summarise evidence justifying new PA recommendation for cardiovascular health in children .
A rationale and method for high-intensity progressive resistance training with children and adolescents.
BACKGROUND The rising prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is implicated in the metabolic abnormalities that track into adulthood . The associated increased incidence of insulin resistance , metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes being identified in younger cohorts has given rise to a critical global health issue . Muscular strength is a vital component of metabolic fitness that provides protection from insulin resistance in adults , and we have recently shown this to be true in children as well . Targeting muscular strength deficiencies at an early age may be an effective preventative strategy for metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes . PURPOSE There is limited evidence -based best practice for progressive resistance training ( PRT ) , adiposity and metabolic fitness in children and adolescents . The purpose of this paper is to describe the methodology we utilized for implementing a PRT program to avoid publication bias , enable replication of the study and share a novel program that we have found safe and suitable for use with youth . METHODS We conducted the first r and omized controlled trial ( RCT ) prescribing high-intensity PRT to children and adolescents ( 10 - 15 years ) as a community-based primary prevention program to address adiposity and metabolic health . Participants were instructed to complete 2 sets of 8 repetitions of 11 exercises targeting all the major muscle groups twice a week at an RPE of 15 - 18 for 8 weeks . RESULTS Primary outcome was waist circumference ; secondary outcomes included insulin resistance , lipid levels , muscle strength , cardiorespiratory fitness , body composition , self-efficacy , self-concept , habitual physical activity , nutritional and sedentary behavior patterns . CONCLUSION The supervised PRT program that we used with children and adolescents has been described in detail . The efficacy of this modality of exercise for metabolic fitness and other health outcomes is now under investigation
METHODS The results of recent systematic review s are discussed and supplemented with relevant literature not included in these review s. PubMed was search ed for the years 2006 - 2011 for additional topics not sufficiently covered by the review s. RESULTS PA was associated with lower blood pressure and a healthier lipid blood profile in children .
The association was stronger when a composite risk factor score was analysed , and the associations between physical fitness and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors were even stronger .
Muscle strength and endurance exercise each had an effect on blood lipids and insulin sensitivity even if the effect was smaller for muscle strength than for aerobic exercise .
New evidence suggests possible effects of PA  on C-reactive protein .
CONCLUSION There is accumulating evidence that PA can have beneficial effects on the risk factors of CVD in children .
BACKGROUND A number of recent systematic review s have result ed in changes in international recommendations for children 's participation in physical activity ( PA ) for health .
The World Health Authority ( WHO ) has recently released new recommendations .
The WHO still recommends 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity ( MVPA ) , but also emphasises that these minutes should be on top of everyday physical activities .
Everyday physical activities total around 30 min of MVPA in the quintile of the least active children , which means that the new recommendations constitute more activity in total compared with earlier recommendations .
OBJECTIVE To summarise evidence justifying new PA recommendation for cardiovascular health in children .