There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Effect of Increased Exercise in School Children on Physical Fitness and Endothelial Progenitor Cells: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Background — The aim of this prospect i ve , r and omized study was to examine whether additional school exercise lessons would result in improved peak oxygen uptake ( primary end point ) and body mass index – st and ard deviation score , motor and coordinative abilities , circulating progenitor cells , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( major secondary end points ) . Methods and Results — Seven sixth- grade classes ( 182 children , aged 11.1±0.7 years ) were r and omized to an intervention group ( 4 classes with 109 students ) with daily school exercise lessons for 1 year and a control group ( 3 classes with 73 students ) with regular school sports twice weekly . The significant effects of intervention estimated from ANCOVA adjusted for intraclass correlation were the following : increase of peak & OV0312;o2 ( 3.7 mL/kg per minute ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.3 to 7.2 ) and increase of circulating progenitor cells evaluated by flow cytometry ( 97 cells per 1 × 106 leukocytes ; 95 % confidence interval , 13 to 181 ) . No significant difference was seen for body mass index – st and ard deviation score ( −0.08 ; 95 % confidence interval , −0.28 to 0.13 ) ; however , there was a trend to reduction of the prevalence of overweight and obese children in the intervention group ( from 12.8 % to 7.3 % ) . No treatment effect was seen for motor and coordinative abilities ( 4 ; 95 % confidence interval , −1 to 8) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( 0.03 mmol/L ; 95 % confidence interval , −0.08 to 0.14 ) . Conclusions — Regular physical activity by means of daily school exercise lessons has a significant positive effect on physical fitness ( & OV0312;o2max ) . Furthermore , the number of circulating progenitor cells can be increased , and there is a positive trend in body mass index – st and ard deviation score reduction and motor ability improvement . Therefore , we conclude that primary prevention by means of increasing physical activity should start in childhood . Clinical Trial Registration — URL : http://www . clinical trials.gov . Identifier : NCT00176371
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .