In conclusion , the deficiency of vitamin D is associated with an increased level of BMI in the studies of both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects .
The deficiency of vitamin D is prevalent all over the world .
Studies have shown that vitamin D may play an important role in the development of obesity .
The current study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the association between serum 25-(OH ) vitamin D levels  and the risk of obesity in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects .
Baseline Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Is Predictive of Future Glycemic Status and Insulin Resistance
OBJECTIVE —Accumulating epidemiological evidence suggests that hypovitaminosis D may be associated with type 2 diabetes and related metabolic risks . However , prospect i ve data using the biomarker serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [ 25(OH)D ] are limited and therefore examined in the present study . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —A total of 524 r and omly selected nondiabetic men and women , aged 40–69 years at baseline , with measurements for serum 25(OH)D and IGF-1 in the population -based Ely Study , had glycemic status ( oral glucose tolerance ) , lipids , insulin , anthropometry , and blood pressure measured and metabolic syndrome risk ( metabolic syndrome z score ) derived at baseline and at 10 years of follow-up . RESULTS —Age-adjusted baseline mean serum 25(OH)D was greater in men ( 64.5 nmol/l [ 95 % CI 61.2–67.9 ] ) than women ( 57.2 nmol/l [ 54.4,60.0 ] ) and varied with season ( highest late summer ) . Baseline 25(OH)D was associated inversely with 10-year risk of hyperglycemia ( fasting glucose : β = −0.0023 , P = 0.019 ; 2-h glucose : β = −0.0097 , P = 0.006 ) , insulin resistance ( fasting insulin β = −0.1467 , P = 0.010 ; homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [ HOMA-IR ] : β = −0.0059 , P = 0.005 ) , and metabolic syndrome z score ( β = −0.0016 , P = 0.048 ) after adjustment for age , sex , smoking , BMI , season , and baseline value of each metabolic outcome variable . Associations with 2-h glucose , insulin , and HOMA-IR remained significant after further adjustment for IGF-1 , parathyroid hormone , calcium , physical activity , and social class . CONCLUSIONS —This prospect i ve study reports inverse associations between baseline serum 25(OH)D and future glycemia and insulin resistance . These associations are potentially important in underst and ing the etiology of abnormal glucose metabolism and warrant investigation in larger , specifically design ed prospect i ve studies and r and omized controlled trials of supplementation
In conclusion , the deficiency of vitamin D is associated with an increased level of BMI in the studies of both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects .
The deficiency of vitamin D is prevalent all over the world .
Studies have shown that vitamin D may play an important role in the development of obesity .
The current study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the association between serum 25-(OH ) vitamin D levels  and the risk of obesity in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects .