Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .
Duration of anaesthesia, type of surgery, respiratory co-morbidity, predicted VO2max and smoking predict postoperative pulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgery: an observational study.
QUESTION Can the risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications be predicted after  upper abdominal surgery ? DESIGN Prospect i ve observational study . PARTICIPANTS 268 consecutive patients undergoing elective upper abdominal surgery who received st and ardised pre- and postoperative prophylactic respiratory physiotherapy .  OUTCOME MEASURES Predictors were 17 preoperative and intraoperative risk factors . A postoperative pulmonary complication was diagnosed when four or more of the following criteria were present : radiological evidence of collapse/consolidation , temperature > 38 degrees C , oxyhaemoglobin saturation < 90 % , abnormal sputum production , sputum culture indicating infection , raised white cell count , abnormal auscultation findings , or physician 's diagnosis of pulmonary complication . RESULTS 35 participants ( 13 % ) developed postoperative pulmonary complications . Five risk factors predicted postoperative pulmonary complications : duration of anaesthesia ( OR 4.3 , 95 % CI 1.7 to 10.8 ) ; surgical category ( OR 2.3 , 95 % CI 1.1 to 4.7 ) ; current smoking ( OR 2.1 , 95 % CI 1.0 to 4.5 ) ; respiratory co-morbidity ( OR 2.1 , 95 % CI 1.0 to 4.4 ) ; and predicted maximal oxygen uptake ( OR 2.0 , 95 % CI 1.0 to 4.3 ) . A clinical rule for predicting the development of postoperative pulmonary complications predicted 82 % of participants who developed complications . The odds of high risk participants developing pulmonary complications were 8.4 ( 95 % CI 3.3 to 21.3 ) times that of low risk participants . CONCLUSION This clinical rule for predicting the risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications from five risk factors may prove useful in prioritising postoperative respiratory physiotherapy . Further research is needed to vali date the rule
Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .