Studies were primarily related to the assessment of pain in relation to surgical procedures , and no clear distinction was made concerning the onset of acute and chronic pain .
The metrics used within the tools appeared to focus primarily on the sensory aspect of pain , with no study clearly discriminating between the sensory and affective components of pain .
Objectives The objectives were to review systematic ally the range of assessment tools used in cats to detect the behavioural expression of pain and the evidence of their quality ; and to examine behavioural metrics ( considering both the sensory and affective domains ) used to assess pain .
Analgesic efficacy of perioperative use of vedaprofen, tramadol or their combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy⋆
The analgesic efficacy of tramadol and /or vedaprofen was evaluated in cats su bmi tted for elective ovariohysterectomy , using a r and omised double blind placebo controlled design . Forty adult female cats ( 3.0±0.32 kg ; 1.8±0.7 years ) were distributed into four groups . Vedaprofen PO ( 0.5 mg/kg ) , tramadol SC ( 2 mg/kg ) , both , or placebo was administered 1 h before surgery and every 24 and 8 h , respectively , for 72 h after surgery . Pain score evaluated by interactive visual analogue and composite pain score and hyperalgesia by the von Frey filament test were recorded at 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 12 , 24 , 28 , 32 , 48 , 52 , 56 , 72 , 96 h and on the 7th day after surgery . Animals treated with combined vedaprofen and tramadol treatment did not need rescue analgesia , did not develop hyperalgesia , and their serum cortisol concentrations and pain scores were lower than placebo until 24 and 72 h after surgery , respectively . Combined vedaprofen and tramadol treatment provided more effective postoperative analgesia and prevented hyperalgesia than when used on their own . Multimodal technique is a superior method of treating pain after feline ovariohysterectomy . This work also provides evidence for the benefits of analgesia for up to 3 days following ovariohysterectomy
Studies were primarily related to the assessment of pain in relation to surgical procedures , and no clear distinction was made concerning the onset of acute and chronic pain .
The metrics used within the tools appeared to focus primarily on the sensory aspect of pain , with no study clearly discriminating between the sensory and affective components of pain .
Objectives The objectives were to review systematic ally the range of assessment tools used in cats to detect the behavioural expression of pain and the evidence of their quality ; and to examine behavioural metrics ( considering both the sensory and affective domains ) used to assess pain .