There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Healthy Body/Healthy Spirit: a church-based nutrition and physical activity intervention.
African-Americans ( AAs ) are significantly less likely to be physically active than other Americans , and , like all Americans , they consume fewer than the recommended five fruit and vegetable ( F & V ) servings per day . This study , titled Healthy Body/Healthy Spirit , has two primary aims : ( 1 ) to test the effectiveness of a culturally tailored self-help dietary ( focusing on  F & V intake ) and physical activity ( PA ) intervention compared to st and ard health education material s , and ( 2 ) to test the effectiveness of using Motivational Interviewing ( MI ) , delivered by telephone , to modify PA and dietary habits . The study is a r and omized effectiveness trial with three experimental conditions . Group 1 ( comparison ) will receive st and ard ( existing commercial ) nutrition and PA intervention material s , Group 2 ( TX1 ) will receive a culturally tailored self-help nutrition and PA intervention of similar intensity as Group 1 , and Group 3 ( TX2 ) will receive the same intervention as Group 2 , plus four telephone counseling calls based on MI . Participants will be AA adults recruited through local black churches . Despite the extensive use of MI to modify addictive behaviors , this represents one of the first controlled field trials to employ MI to address diet and PA . Secondly , this is one of the first studies to test the effectiveness of a  self-help diet and PA intervention  tailored for an African-American church population
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .