Conclusions This meta- analysis has provided evidence that RS supplementation can improve fasting glucose , fasting insulin , insulin resistance and sensitivity , especially for diabetic with overweight or obesity .
Background The role of resistant starch ( RS ) in glucose , insulin , insulin resistance or sensitivity , and lipid parameters have been reported in several studies and remained controversial .
A pooled analysis which assessed these parameters has not been performed .
Thus , we conducted a meta- analysis to sum up existing evidence about the issue .
Resistant Starch from High-Amylose Maize Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight and Obese Men123
This study evaluated the effects of 2 levels of intake of high-amylose maize type 2 resistant starch ( HAM-RS2 ) on  insulin sensitivity ( SI ) in participants with waist circumference ≥89 ( women ) or ≥102 cm ( men ) . Participants received 0 ( control starch ) , 15 , or 30 g/d ( double-blind ) of HAM-RS2 in r and om order for 4-wk periods separated by 3-wk washouts . Minimal model SI was assessed at the end of each period using the insulin-modified i.v . glucose tolerance test . The efficacy evaluable sample included 11 men and 22 women ( mean ± SEM ) age 49.5 ± 1.6 y , with a BMI of 30.6 ± 0.5 kg/m2 and waist circumference 105.3 ± 1.3 cm . A treatment main effect ( P = 0.018 ) and a treatment × sex interaction ( P = 0.033 ) were present . In men , least squares geometric mean analysis for SI did not differ after intake of 15 g/d HAM-RS2 ( 6.90 × 10−5 pmol−1 · L−1 × min−1 ) and 30 g/d HAM-RS2 ( 7.13 × 10−5 pmol−1 · L−1 × min−1 ) , but both were higher than after the control treatment ( 4.66 × 10−5 pmol−1 · L−1 × min−1 ) ( P < 0.05 ) . In women , there was no difference among the treatments ( overall least squares ln-transformed mean ± pooled SEM = 1.80 ± 0.08 ; geometric mean = 6.05 × 10−5 pmol−1 · L−1 × min−1 ) . These results suggest that consumption of 15–30 g/d of HAM-RS2  improves SI in men . Additional research is needed to underst and the mechanisms that might account for the treatment × sex interaction observed
Conclusions This meta- analysis has provided evidence that RS supplementation can improve fasting glucose , fasting insulin , insulin resistance and sensitivity , especially for diabetic with overweight or obesity .
Background The role of resistant starch ( RS ) in glucose , insulin , insulin resistance or sensitivity , and lipid parameters have been reported in several studies and remained controversial .
A pooled analysis which assessed these parameters has not been performed .
Thus , we conducted a meta- analysis to sum up existing evidence about the issue .