All included treatments result ed in ADHD improvement .
On the basis of this literature review , a consistent pattern of improvement in pediatric ADHD patients ' core symptoms emerged across studies , study design s , and recommended treatment approaches .
OBJECTIVE The 2011 American Academy of Pediatrics attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) guideline emphasizes monitoring and measuring outcomes of children diagnosed with ADHD ; however , recommendations for how to measure improvement are less clear .
A long-term goal was to develop an outcome measure that assesses the quality of care for children with ADHD .
As a first step in that process , we conducted a literature synthesis on the efficacy and effectiveness of guideline -recommended ADHD treatments on patient outcomes .
Effects of open-label atomoxetine on African-American and Caucasian pediatric outpatients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
BACKGROUND Data on the management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) in African-American children and adolescents are limited . METHODS This study sought to evaluate the tolerability , safety , and efficacy of atomoxetine hydrochloride in the management of ADHD in African-American children and adolescents by conducting a post hoc subgroup analysis of 2 multicenter , open-label studies . RESULTS Atomoxetine was safe and well tolerated , with > or=3.0 % of African-Americans and Caucasians discontinuing treatment because of adverse events . A significantly higher proportion of Caucasians reported > or=1 treatment-emergent adverse event , including vomiting ( 7.2 % vs 1.2 % ; P=.037 ) and fatigue ( 6.1 % vs 0 % ; P=.012 ) . No serious safety concerns were observed . Changes from baseline in height , weight , and hemodynamic variables were modest and similar in both racial subgroups . African-Americans and Caucasians showed significant improvement from baseline to end point in the mean ADHD Rating Scale-IV-Parent Version : Investigator Administered and Scored ( ADHDRS-IV-P : I ) . Scores decreased by 20.1 in African-Americans and by 19.55 in Caucasians , without significant between-group differences . Patients in both racial groups experienced similar , significant improvements in ADHDRS-IV-P : I inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms , Clinical Global Impression-ADHD-Severity , and Conners ' Parent Rating Scale-Revised : Short Form . CONCLUSIONS Atomoxetine exhibited similar tolerability , safety , and efficacy profiles in African-Americans and Caucasians with ADHD
All included treatments result ed in ADHD improvement .
On the basis of this literature review , a consistent pattern of improvement in pediatric ADHD patients ' core symptoms emerged across studies , study design s , and recommended treatment approaches .
OBJECTIVE The 2011 American Academy of Pediatrics attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) guideline emphasizes monitoring and measuring outcomes of children diagnosed with ADHD ; however , recommendations for how to measure improvement are less clear .
A long-term goal was to develop an outcome measure that assesses the quality of care for children with ADHD .
As a first step in that process , we conducted a literature synthesis on the efficacy and effectiveness of guideline -recommended ADHD treatments on patient outcomes .