There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .
Beneficial effect of low carbohydrate in low calorie diets on visceral fat reduction in type 2 diabetic patients with obesity.
The adequate composition of carbohydrate and fat in low calorie diets for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with obesity is not fully established . The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low carbohydrate diet on glucose and lipid metabolism , especially on visceral fat accumulation , and comparing that of a high carbohydrate diet .  Obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were r and omly assigned to take a low calorie and low carbohydrate diet ( n = 11 , 1000 kcal per day , protein : carbohydrate : fat = 25:40:35 ) or a low calorie and high carbohydrate diet ( n = 11 , 1000 kcal per day , protein : carbohydrate : fat = 25:65:10 ) for 4 weeks . Similar decreases in body weight and serum glucose levels were observed in both groups . Fasting serum insulin levels were reduced in the low carbohydrate diet group compared to the high carbohydrate diet group ( -30 % versus -10 % , P < 0.05 ) . Total serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased in both groups , but were not significantly different from each other . High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( HDL-C ) increased in the low carbohydrate diet group but not in the high carbohydrate diet group ( + 15 % versus 0 % , P < 0.01 ) . There was a larger decrease in visceral fat area measured by computed tomography in the low carbohydrate diet group compared to the high carbohydrate diet group ( -40 cm(2 ) versus -10 cm(2 ) , P < 0.05 ) . The ratio of visceral fat area to subcutaneous fat area did not change in the high carbohydrate diet group ( from 0.70 to 0.68 ) , but it decreased significantly in the low carbohydrate diet group ( from 0.69 to 0.47 , P < 0.005 ) . These results suggest that , when restrict diet was made isocaloric , a low calorie/low carbohydrate diet might be more effective treatment for a reduction of visceral fat , improved insulin sensitivity and increased in HDL-C levels than low calorie/high carbohydrate diet in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus
There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .