Conclusion Exercises and PA promotion according to public health recommendations  for PA improved cardiovascular fitness , muscle strength and PA behaviour , with moderate effect sizes in people with SpA , RA and HOA/KOA .
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise and physical activity ( PA ) promotion on cardiovascular fitness , muscle strength , flexibility , neuromotor performance ( eg , balance ) and daily PA in people with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) , spondyloarthritis ( SpA ) and hip/knee osteoarthritis ( HOA/KOA ) .
Effects of high-intensity resistance training in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE To confirm , in a r and omized controlled trial ( RCT ) , the efficacy of high-intensity progressive resistance training ( PRT ) in restoring muscle mass and function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) . Additionally , to investigate the role of the insulin-like growth factor ( IGF ) system in exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy in the context of RA . METHODS Twenty-eight patients with established , controlled RA were r and omized to either 24 weeks of twice-weekly PRT ( n = 13 ) or a range of movement home exercise control group ( n = 15 ) . Dual x-ray absorptiometry-assessed  body composition ( including lean body mass [ LBM ] , appendicular lean mass [ ALM ] , and fat mass ) ; objective physical function ; disease activity ; and muscle IGFs were assessed at weeks 0 and 24 . RESULTS Analyses of variance revealed that PRT increased LBM and ALM ( P < 0.01 ) ; reduced trunk fat mass by 2.5 kg ( not significant ) ; and improved training-specific strength by 119 % , chair st and s by 30 % , knee extensor strength by 25 % , arm curls by 23 % , and walk time by 17 % ( for objective function tests , P values ranged from 0.027 to 0.001 versus controls ) . In contrast , body composition and physical function remained unchanged in control patients . Changes in LBM and regional lean mass were associated with changes in objective function ( P values ranged from 0.126 to < 0.0001 ) . Coinciding with muscle hypertrophy , previously diminished muscle levels of IGF-1 and IGF binding protein 3 both increased following PRT ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION In an RCT , 24 weeks of PRT proved safe and effective in restoring lean mass and function in patients with RA . Muscle hypertrophy coincided with significant elevations of attenuated muscle IGF levels , revealing a possible contributory mechanism for rheumatoid cachexia . PRT should feature in disease management
Conclusion Exercises and PA promotion according to public health recommendations  for PA improved cardiovascular fitness , muscle strength and PA behaviour , with moderate effect sizes in people with SpA , RA and HOA/KOA .
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise and physical activity ( PA ) promotion on cardiovascular fitness , muscle strength , flexibility , neuromotor performance ( eg , balance ) and daily PA in people with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) , spondyloarthritis ( SpA ) and hip/knee osteoarthritis ( HOA/KOA ) .