There is a lack of robust evidence to assess the strength of other treatment options
Objectives Sarcopenia , defined as an age-associated loss of skeletal muscle function and muscle mass , occurs in approximately 6 - 22 % of older adults .
This paper presents evidence -based clinical practice guidelines for screening , diagnosis and management of sarcopenia from the task force of the International Conference on Sarcopenia and Frailty Research ( ICSFR ) .
Exercise and Nutritional Supplementation on Community-Dwelling Elderly Japanese Women With Sarcopenic Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of exercise and /or nutritional supplementation on body composition , blood components , and physical function in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women with sarcopenic obesity . DESIGN R and omized controlled trial . SETTING Urban community in Tokyo , Japan . PARTICIPANTS Among 1213 community-dwelling elderly women over 70 years of age , 307 were defined with sarcopenic obesity , and 139 women participated in the study . INTERVENTION Participants were r and omly assigned to one of four intervention groups . The exercise and nutrition ( Ex + N ) and exercise only ( Ex ) groups attended 60-minute exercise classes twice a week for 3 months . The Ex + N and nutrition only ( N ) groups were provided with essential amino acid supplementation and tea fortified with catechins to be taken daily for 3 months . Health education classes were provided to the control ( HE ) group every 2 weeks . MEASUREMENTS Bioelectric impedance analysis was used to measure body composition . Skeletal muscle mass index was calculated using measures of muscle mass and height . Physical function measures included grip strength , knee extension strength , usual walking speed , and walking parameters ( stride , step length , width , walking angles ) . Blood sample s were obtained to analyze levels of albumin , triglycerides , cholesterol , hemoglobin A1c , leptin , cystatin C , vitamin D , interleukin-6 , and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein . RESULTS Significant between-group × time interactions were observed in usual walking speed ( P = .012 ) , stride ( P = .004 ) , right step length ( P = .003 ) , average number of steps ( P = .029 ) , and vitamin D ( P < .001 ) . Compared to the HE group , the Ex + N intervention significantly decreased total body fat mass ( P = .036 ) and increased stride ( P = .038 ) and vitamin D ( P < .001 ) . Significant reductions in trunk fat were observed in the Ex group compared with HE ( P = .014 ) . The Ex + N and Ex interventions were over four times as likely ( odds ratio [ 95 % confidence interval ] ) to reduce body fat mass than the HE group ( 4.42 [ 1.21 - 16.19 ] ; 4.50 [ 1.13 - 17.9 ] , respectively ) . Significant odds ratios of the Ex + N intervention improving walking speed ( 3.05 [ 1.01 - 9.19 ] ) , vitamin D ( 14.22 [ 1.64 - 123.02 ] ) , and leptin ( 3.86 [ 1.19 - 12.47 ] ) were also observed . CONCLUSION Although exercise and nutrition have beneficial effects on individual variables of body composition , blood components , and physical function , improvements in muscle mass and variable combinations such as percent fat + skeletal muscle mass index or percent fat + physical functions were not observed in this population . Further large-scale and long-term investigation is necessary
There is a lack of robust evidence to assess the strength of other treatment options
Objectives Sarcopenia , defined as an age-associated loss of skeletal muscle function and muscle mass , occurs in approximately 6 - 22 % of older adults .
This paper presents evidence -based clinical practice guidelines for screening , diagnosis and management of sarcopenia from the task force of the International Conference on Sarcopenia and Frailty Research ( ICSFR ) .