The results showed that , compared with placebo , pethidine , fentanyl , dexmedetomidine , and sufentanil significantly reduced the incidence of perioperative shivering .
In addition , compared with sufentanil , fentanyl showed no impact on haemodynamic stability and the incidence of pruritus .
CONCLUSION Pethidine , fentanyl , dexmedetomidine , and sufentanil appear to be effective for preventing perioperative shivering in puerperae undergoing cesarean sections .
Considering the risk-benefit profiles of the included neuraxial adjuvants , fentanyl is probably the optimal choice
BACKGROUND Perioperative shivering is clinical ly common during cesarean sections under neuraxial anesthesia , and several neuraxial adjuvants are reported to have preventive effects on it .
However , the results of current studies are controversial and the effects of these neuraxial adjuvants remain unclear .
AIM To evaluate the effects of neuraxial adjuvants on perioperative shivering during cesarean sections , thus providing an optimal choice for clinical application .
Low-dose ropivacaine-sufentanil spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery: a randomised trial.
BACKGROUND It is well known that intrathecal opioids have a synergic effect with spinal local anaesthetics . The aim of this study was to evaluate whether low-dose ropivacaine in combination with sufentanil could produce effective spinal anaesthesia with less maternal hypotension and vomiting than ropivacaine alone . METHODS 80 ASA I and II parturients undergoing elective caesarean delivery under combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia were r and omly allocated to two groups . Group R15 received intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine 15 mg and group SR10 hyperbaric ropivacaine 10 mg with sufentanil 5 micrograms .  Characteristics , efficacy and side effects of spinal anaesthesia in each group were measured . RESULTS There was no significant difference in the quality of intraoperative analgesia and muscle relaxation between groups . The incidence of hypotension was significantly higher ( 55 % vs. 20 % , P < 0.005 ) and the need for ephedrine less in group R15 than in group SR10 . In group SR10 , the onset of motor block was delayed ( 2.9 + /- 1.1 vs. 4.6 + /- 2.5 min , P < 0.005 ) , the duration was shorter ( 65.9 + /- 15.1 vs. 125.4 + /- 26.4 min , P < 0.005 ) . The duration of effective analgesia was longer ( 260 + /- 32.5 vs. 143 + /- 22.1 min , P < 0.005 ) , the incidence of shivering ( 20 % vs. 60 % , P < 0.005 ) and vomiting ( 5 % vs. 30 % , P < 0.005 ) were lower in group SR10 . CONCLUSIONS The combination of hyperbaric ropivacaine 10 mg with sufentanil 5 lg produced effective spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery with significantly less hypotension , vomiting and shivering , shorter duration of motor blockade and longer lasting analgesia than hyperbaric ropivacaine 15 mg
The results showed that , compared with placebo , pethidine , fentanyl , dexmedetomidine , and sufentanil significantly reduced the incidence of perioperative shivering .
In addition , compared with sufentanil , fentanyl showed no impact on haemodynamic stability and the incidence of pruritus .
CONCLUSION Pethidine , fentanyl , dexmedetomidine , and sufentanil appear to be effective for preventing perioperative shivering in puerperae undergoing cesarean sections .
Considering the risk-benefit profiles of the included neuraxial adjuvants , fentanyl is probably the optimal choice
BACKGROUND Perioperative shivering is clinical ly common during cesarean sections under neuraxial anesthesia , and several neuraxial adjuvants are reported to have preventive effects on it .
However , the results of current studies are controversial and the effects of these neuraxial adjuvants remain unclear .
AIM To evaluate the effects of neuraxial adjuvants on perioperative shivering during cesarean sections , thus providing an optimal choice for clinical application .