Serious adverse events were rare , and no serious events were reported to be directly related to the exercise programme .
This review provides evidence that PRT is an effective intervention for improving physical functioning in  older people , including improving strength and the performance of some simple and complex activities .
BACKGROUND Muscle weakness in old age is associated with physical function decline .
Progressive resistance strength training ( PRT ) exercises are design ed to increase strength .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of PRT on older people and identify adverse events .
Leptin and adiponectin responses in overweight inactive elderly following resistance training and detraining are intensity related.
CONTEXT Adiponectin and leptin are closely related to weight control and energy balance , whereas exercise affects elderly metabolic regulation and functional capacity . OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate leptin and adiponectin responses in elderly males after exercise training and detraining .  DESIGN The study design was a 1-yr r and omized controlled trial . SETTING The study was performed at the Laboratory of Physical Education and Sport Science Department . PARTICIPANTS Fifty inactive men [ age , 65 - 78 yr ; body mass index ( BMI ) , 28.7 - 30.2 kg/m2 ] were recruited from a volunteer data base by word of mouth and fliers sent to medical practitioners , physiotherapists , and nursing homes in the local community . INTERVENTION(S ) Participants were r and omly assigned to a control ( n = 10 ) , low-intensity ( n = 14 ) , moderate-intensity ( n = 12 ) , or high-intensity training ( HI ; n = 14 ) group . Resistance training ( 6 months , 3 d/wk , 10 exercises/three sets ) was followed by 6 months of detraining . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S ) Strength , exercise energy cost , skinfold sum , body weight , maximal oxygen consumption , resting metabolic rate ( RMR ) , and plasma leptin and adiponectin were determined at baseline and after training and detraining . RESULTS Strength , maximal oxygen consumption , RMR , and exercise energy cost increased ( P < 0.05 ) after training in an intensity-dependent manner . Skinfold sum and BMI were reduced by resistance training ( P < 0.05 ) , with HI being more effective ( P < 0.05 ) than moderate-intensity/low-intensity training . Leptin was diminished ( P < 0.05 ) by all treatments , whereas adiponectin increased ( P < 0.05 ) only in HI . Detraining maintained training-induced changes only in HI . The percent leptin decrease was associated ( P < 0.05 ) with the percent BMI decrease and the percent RMR increase , whereas the percent adiponectin increase was associated ( P < 0.05 ) with the percent BMI decrease . CONCLUSIONS Resistance training and detraining may alter leptin and adiponectin responses in an intensity-dependent manner . Leptin and adiponectin changes were strongly associated with RMR and anthropometric changes
Serious adverse events were rare , and no serious events were reported to be directly related to the exercise programme .
This review provides evidence that PRT is an effective intervention for improving physical functioning in  older people , including improving strength and the performance of some simple and complex activities .
BACKGROUND Muscle weakness in old age is associated with physical function decline .
Progressive resistance strength training ( PRT ) exercises are design ed to increase strength .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of PRT on older people and identify adverse events .