The effects of fixed-dose combination therapy on all-cause mortality or ASCVD events are uncertain .
A limited number of trials reported these outcomes , and the included trials were primarily design ed to observe changes in ASCVD risk factor levels rather than clinical events , which may partially explain the observed differences in risk factors that were not translated into differences in clinical outcomes among the included trials .
Fixed-dose combination therapy is associated with modest increases in adverse events compared with placebo , active comparator , or usual care but may be associated with improved adherence to a multidrug regimen .
Ongoing , longer-term trials of fixed-dose combination therapy will help demonstrate whether short-term changes in risk factors might be maintained and lead to expected differences in clinical events based on these changes
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ( ASCVD ) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide , yet ASCVD risk factor control and secondary prevention rates remain low .
A fixed-dose combination of blood pressure- and cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet treatments into a single pill , or polypill , has been proposed as one strategy to reduce the global burden of ASCVD .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of fixed-dose combination therapy on all-cause mortality , fatal and non-fatal ASCVD events , and adverse events .
We also sought to determine the effect of fixed-dose combination therapy on blood pressure , lipids , adherence , discontinuation rates , health-related quality of life , and costs .
Effects of an optimised POCT guided diagnostic and treatment strategy for symptoms of uncomplicated UTI on use of appropriate antibiotics and uptake into primary care practice
Patients presenting with UTI symptoms are among the most frequent clinical presentations in primary care accounting for 15 % of all community antibiotic prescriptions . The diagnostic accuracy of clinical assessment and the most appropriate management of uncomplicated UTI remain unclear . Primary care clinicians are more likely to treat empirically without additional testing . Some advances are being made in the development of novel Point of Care Tests ( POCTs ) for diagnosis of infection and antibiotic resistance in primary care . The incorporation of a test , which enumerates and identifies pathogens and their antibiotic resistance , into a management strategy for UTI has great potential for improving patient outcomes reducing antibiotic use and in turn in reducing the incidence of antimicrobial resistance . While some new promising POCT technologies are being developed , these have not been fully evaluated in primary care . Robust evaluation , providing solid evidence supporting POCT use , which is based on patient benefit , cost-effectiveness , therapeutic choice , microbiological outcomes , and uptake and acceptance into primary care is required . We have design ed a ‘ process-pathway ' model which incorporates acceptability parameters for a POCT in primary care , and incorporates four distinct stages : Stage 1 . Piloting of a novel POCT for diagnosis of UTI in primary care . Stage 2 . An observational stage to describe current primary care management of  uncomplicated UTI  and incidence of uropathogens Stage 3 . A r and omised controlled trial rigorously evaluating the POCT as part of a rapid diagnostic and treatment regime for uncomplicated UTI . Stage 4 . Evaluating the uptake of the POCT in general practice
The effects of fixed-dose combination therapy on all-cause mortality or ASCVD events are uncertain .
A limited number of trials reported these outcomes , and the included trials were primarily design ed to observe changes in ASCVD risk factor levels rather than clinical events , which may partially explain the observed differences in risk factors that were not translated into differences in clinical outcomes among the included trials .
Fixed-dose combination therapy is associated with modest increases in adverse events compared with placebo , active comparator , or usual care but may be associated with improved adherence to a multidrug regimen .
Ongoing , longer-term trials of fixed-dose combination therapy will help demonstrate whether short-term changes in risk factors might be maintained and lead to expected differences in clinical events based on these changes
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ( ASCVD ) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide , yet ASCVD risk factor control and secondary prevention rates remain low .
A fixed-dose combination of blood pressure- and cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet treatments into a single pill , or polypill , has been proposed as one strategy to reduce the global burden of ASCVD .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of fixed-dose combination therapy on all-cause mortality , fatal and non-fatal ASCVD events , and adverse events .
We also sought to determine the effect of fixed-dose combination therapy on blood pressure , lipids , adherence , discontinuation rates , health-related quality of life , and costs .