The literature on risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases showed that lutein might be beneficial for atherosclerosis and inflammatory markers , but there were inconsistent associations with blood pressure , adiposity , insulin resistance , and blood lipids .
CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that higher dietary intake and higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with better cardiometabolic health .
BACKGROUND The antioxidant lutein is suggested as being beneficial to cardiometabolic health because of its protective effect against oxidative stress , but evidence has not systematic ally been evaluated .
OBJECTIVE We aim ed to evaluate systematic ally the effects of lutein ( intake or concentrations ) on cardiometabolic outcomes in different life stages .
Both alpha- and beta-carotene, but not tocopherols and vitamin C, are inversely related to 15-year cardiovascular mortality in Dutch elderly men.
The role of beta-carotene , alpha-tocopherol , and vitamin C in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases ( CVD ) is controversial . Prospect i ve studies on gamma-tocopherol and carotenoids other than beta-carotene are sparse . We assessed relations between the intake of different carotenoids , alpha- and gamma-tocopherol , and vitamin C with  15-y CVD mortality in elderly men who participated in the Zutphen Elderly Study . Information on diet and potential confounding factors was collected in 1985 , 1990 , and 1995 . In 1985 , 559 men ( mean age approximately 72 y ) free of chronic diseases were included in the current analysis . After 15 y of follow-up , comprising 5744 person-years , 197 men had died from CVD . After adjustment for age , smoking , and other potential lifestyle and dietary confounders , relative risks ( RR ) ( 95 % CI ) of CVD death for a 1-SD increase in intake were 0.81 ( 0.66 - 0.99 ) for alpha-carotene and 0.80 ( 0.66 - 0.97 ) for beta-carotene . Carrots were the primary source of alpha- and beta-carotene and their consumption was related to a lower risk of death from CVD ( adjusted RR , 0.83 ; 95 % CI = 0.68 - 1.00 ) . Intakes of carotenoids other than alpha- and beta-carotene were not associated with CVD mortality , nor were vitamin C and alpha- and gamma tocopherol . In conclusion , dietary intakes of alpha-carotene and beta-carotene are inversely associated with  CVD mortality in elderly men . This study does not indicate an important role for other carotenoids , tocopherols , or vitamin C in lowering the risk of CVD death
The literature on risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases showed that lutein might be beneficial for atherosclerosis and inflammatory markers , but there were inconsistent associations with blood pressure , adiposity , insulin resistance , and blood lipids .
CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that higher dietary intake and higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with better cardiometabolic health .
BACKGROUND The antioxidant lutein is suggested as being beneficial to cardiometabolic health because of its protective effect against oxidative stress , but evidence has not systematic ally been evaluated .
OBJECTIVE We aim ed to evaluate systematic ally the effects of lutein ( intake or concentrations ) on cardiometabolic outcomes in different life stages .