More evidence was available for the measurement properties of the FAOS and the FAAM , but overall evidence supporting all measurement properties is not yet sufficient .
Purpose In the foot and ankle literature , a wide range of patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) is used , however , consensus as to which PROMs are preferred is lacking .
Selection of a PROM is among other reasons , often based on measurement properties without considering the method ological quality of the studies that evaluate these measurement properties .
The aim of current study was first to identify the most frequently used foot and ankle-specific PROMs in recent orthopaedic foot and ankle literature , and second to conduct a systematic review to synthesize and critically appraise the measurement properties of these PROMS .
Reliability and Validity of 6 Measures of Pain, Function, and Disability for Ankle Arthroplasty and Arthrodesis
Background : Patient-reported outcome measures are increasingly used evaluating clinical care . Many measures used to assess operative hindfoot interventions vary in content , and some have not been psychometrically vali date d in this population . The purpose of this study was to compare measurement properties of  6 lower-extremity patient-reported outcome measures  , and to evaluate their reliability and validity in light of patients ’ preferences . Methods : Cross-sectional survey of 42 preoperative and 100 postoperative patients completed 6 lower-extremity outcome measures  on 2 occasions : Foot Function Index ( FFI ) , Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale ( AOS ) , patient-reported items of the  American  Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Question naire ( AOFAS ) , Lower Extremity Functional Scale ( LEFS ) , Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index ( WOMAC ) , and the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment ( SMFA ) , as well as measures of preference , and symptoms . Results : Internal consistency was good to excellent for all scales and subscales ( α = .84-.97 ; ICC [ 2,1 ] = .81-.96 ) . Correlations between scales ranged from .50 ( WOMACStiffness and FFIActivity Limitations ) to .92 ( LEFS and SMFAOverall , WOMACPain and AOSOverall , FFIOverall and AOFASOverall ) . Higher correlations occurred within instruments ( r = .97 AOSPain and AOSOverall ) and between similar subscales from different instruments ( r = .91 WOMACPain and AOSPain ) . Construct validity showed moderate to high correlations to global ratings of Pain , Stiffness , and difficulty performing Daily Activities . The highest correlations ( r > .75 ) occurred between Pain and AOSOverall ( r = .84 ) , stiffness and WOMACStiffness ( r = .81 ) , and Daily Activities and AOSDisability ( r = .87 ) . Patients rated instruments by preference . FFI , WOMAC , LEFS , and SMFA rated favorably for length . FFI , WOMAC , LEFS , and AOFAS rated high for underst and ability . FFI was rated by postoperative patients as most likely to capture change due to surgery . SMFA rated the best overall . Conclusions : Direct comparison of instruments revealed similarity between scales in construct validity and reliability . Patient preferences supported the use of these scales . Foot-specific instruments offered no clear advantage over lower-extremity instruments . Level of Evidence : Level II , prospect i ve comparative study
More evidence was available for the measurement properties of the FAOS and the FAAM , but overall evidence supporting all measurement properties is not yet sufficient .
Purpose In the foot and ankle literature , a wide range of patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) is used , however , consensus as to which PROMs are preferred is lacking .
Selection of a PROM is among other reasons , often based on measurement properties without considering the method ological quality of the studies that evaluate these measurement properties .
The aim of current study was first to identify the most frequently used foot and ankle-specific PROMs in recent orthopaedic foot and ankle literature , and second to conduct a systematic review to synthesize and critically appraise the measurement properties of these PROMS .