4 ) Conclusions : The analysis of the information here reported sheds light for the design of future clinical trials in adults with MS .
The best anthropometric parameters and units of measurement to monitor the interventions are related to dietary and physical exercise interventions .
( 1 ) Objective : to establish practical guidance for the design of future clinical trials in MS ( metabolic syndrome ) patients aged 18 and older , based on a systematic review of r and omized clinical trials connecting diet , physical exercise and changes in body composition . (
Preservation of fat-free mass after two distinct weight loss diets with and without progressive resistance exercise.
BACKGROUND Preserving fat-free mass ( FFM ) during weight loss is important in older adults . The purpose was to examine a low-fat diet ( LFD ) versus a carbohydrate-restricted diet ( CRD ) with and without progressive resistance exercise ( PRE ) on preservation of FFM in older men with metabolic syndrome . METHODS A total of 42 men ( 59±7 years ) were matched [ body mass index ( BMI ) ] and r and omized to LFD , LFD&PRE , CRD , and CRD&PRE . PRE groups performed supervised strength training three times per week . Body weight , composition , metabolic syndrome criteria , and strength were measured at baseline and week 12 . A 3-day diet record was kept at baseline and at weeks 1 , 6 , and 12 . RESULTS Attrition ( 24 % ) was similar between groups . Depicted as % carbohydrate : fat : protein , the intervention diet was : LFD=55:24:18 , LFD&PRE=57:20:20 , CRD=16:54:28 , and CRD&PRE=12:56:31  . Weight ( lb ) decreased similarly in all groups ( LFD , -18.0±7.4 ; LFD&PRE , -19.8±12.8 ; CRD , -20.2±8.0 ; CRD&PRE , -22.7±6.0 ; P<0.001 ) , and number of participants with metabolic syndrome decreased in all groups ( -3 , -6 , -3 , -4 , respectively ) . Percent of weight loss from appendicular FFM was 27.5 % , 15.9 % , 15.7 % , and 17.3 % respectively . A trend was found when comparing LFD and LFD&PRE ( P=0.068 ) , and when comparing LFD&CRD ( P=0.072 ) . Triglycerides improved more for the LFD&PRE , CRD , and CRD&PRE groups compared to the LFD group ( P<0.05 ) . Improvements in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were better in the CRD&PRE group ( 4.1±5.1 mg/dL ) versus the LFD group ( -5.0±5.9 mg/dL ; P<0.01 ) . CONCLUSIONS LFD&PRE , CRD , and CRD&PRE preserve FFM similarly . PRE is an important component of a LFD during weight loss in this population
4 ) Conclusions : The analysis of the information here reported sheds light for the design of future clinical trials in adults with MS .
The best anthropometric parameters and units of measurement to monitor the interventions are related to dietary and physical exercise interventions .
( 1 ) Objective : to establish practical guidance for the design of future clinical trials in MS ( metabolic syndrome ) patients aged 18 and older , based on a systematic review of r and omized clinical trials connecting diet , physical exercise and changes in body composition . (