Conclusions /interpretationPooled analyses demonstrated that pulses , alone or in low-GI or high-fibre diets , improve markers of longer term glycaemic control in humans , with the extent of the improvements subject to significant inter- study heterogeneity .
Aims /hypothesisDietary non-oil-seed pulses ( chickpeas , beans , peas , lentils , etc . )
are a good source of slowly digestible carbohydrate , fibre and vegetable protein and a valuable means of lowering the glycaemic-index ( GI ) of the diet .
To assess the evidence that dietary pulses may benefit glycaemic control , we conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omised controlled experimental trials investigating the effect of pulses , alone or as part of low-GI or high-fibre diets , on markers of glycaemic control in people with and without diabetes .
Comparison of 4 diets of varying glycemic load on weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction in overweight and obese young adults: a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND Despite the popularity of low-glycemic index ( GI ) and high-protein diets , to our knowledge no r and omized , controlled trials have systematic ally compared their relative effects on weight loss and cardiovascular risk . METHODS A total of 129 overweight or obese young adults ( body mass index , > or = 25 [ calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters ] ) were assigned to 1 of 4 reduced-fat , high-fiber diets for 12 weeks . Diets 1 and 2 were high carbohydrate ( 55 % of total energy intake ) , with high and low GIs , respectively ; diets 3 and 4 were high protein ( 25 % of total energy intake ) , with high and low GIs , respectively . The glycemic load was highest in diet 1 and lowest in diet 4 . Changes in weight , body composition , and blood chemistry profile were studied . RESULTS While all groups lost a similar mean + /- SE percentage of weight ( diet 1 , -4.2 % + /- 0.6 % ; diet 2 , -5.5 % + /- 0.5 % ; diet 3 , -6.2 % + /- 0.4 % ; and diet 4 , -4.8 % + /- 0.7 % ; P = .09 ) , the proportion of subjects in each group who lost 5 % or more of body weight varied significantly by diet ( diet 1 , 31 % ; diet 2 , 56 % ; diet 3 , 66 % ; and diet 4 , 33 % ; P = .01 ) . Women on diets 2 and 3 lost approximately 80 % more fat mass ( -4.5 + /- 0.5 [ mean + /- SE ] kg and -4.6 + /- 0.5 kg ) than those on diet 1 ( -2.5 + /- 0.5 kg ; P = .007 ) . Mean + /- SE low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels declined significantly in the diet 2 group ( -6.6 + /- 3.9 mg/dL [ -0.17 + /- 0.10 mmol/L ] ) but increased in the diet 3 group ( + 10.0 + /- 3.9 mg/dL [ + 0.26 + /- 0.10 mmol/L ] ; P = .02 ) . Goals for energy distribution were not achieved exactly : both carbohydrate groups ate less fat , and the diet 2 group ate more fiber . CONCLUSION Both high-protein and low-GI regimens increase body fat loss , but cardiovascular risk reduction is optimized by a high-carbohydrate , low-GI diet
Conclusions /interpretationPooled analyses demonstrated that pulses , alone or in low-GI or high-fibre diets , improve markers of longer term glycaemic control in humans , with the extent of the improvements subject to significant inter- study heterogeneity .
Aims /hypothesisDietary non-oil-seed pulses ( chickpeas , beans , peas , lentils , etc . )
are a good source of slowly digestible carbohydrate , fibre and vegetable protein and a valuable means of lowering the glycaemic-index ( GI ) of the diet .
To assess the evidence that dietary pulses may benefit glycaemic control , we conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omised controlled experimental trials investigating the effect of pulses , alone or as part of low-GI or high-fibre diets , on markers of glycaemic control in people with and without diabetes .