Women taking HT had a significantly decreased incidence of fracture with long-term use .
Research ers found no strong evidence that HT has a clinical ly meaningful impact on the incidence of colorectal cancer .
AUTHORS ' CONCLUSIONS : Women with intolerable menopausal symptoms may wish to weigh the benefits of symptom relief against the small absolute risk of harm arising from short-term use of low-dose HT , provided they do not have specific contraindications .
HT may be unsuitable for some women , including those at increased risk of cardiovascular disease , increased risk of thromboembolic disease ( such as those with obesity or a history of venous thrombosis ) or increased risk of some types of cancer ( such as breast cancer , in women with a uterus ) .
The risk of endometrial cancer among women with a uterus taking oestrogen-only HT is well documented .
HT is not indicated for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease or dementia , nor for prevention of deterioration of cognitive function in postmenopausal women .
Although HT is considered effective for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis , it is generally recommended as an option only for women at significant risk for whom non-oestrogen therapies are unsuitable .
BACKGROUND : Hormone therapy ( HT ) is widely provided for control of menopausal symptoms and has been used for the management and prevention of cardiovascular disease , osteoporosis and  dementia in older women .
This is an up date d version of a Cochrane review first published in 2005 .
OBJECTIVES : To assess effects of long-term HT ( at least 1 year 's duration ) on mortality , cardiovascular outcomes , cancer , gallbladder disease , fracture and cognition in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women during and after cessation of treatment .
Randomized double-blind trial of estrogen replacement therapy versus placebo in stage I or II endometrial cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study.
PURPOSE To determine the effect of estrogen replacement therapy ( ERT ) on recurrence rate and survival in women who have undergone surgery for stage I or II endometrial cancer . PATIENTS AND METHODS After surgery , eligible patients were allocated to therapy with ERT or placebo after undergoing hysterectomy with or without pelvic and aortic nodal sampling . Planned duration of hormonal versus placebo treatment was 3 years , with an additional 2 years of follow-up . RESULTS The median follow-up time for all 1,236 eligible and assessable patients was 35.7 months . Stage , grade , histologic subtype , and percentage of patients receiving adjuvant therapy were similarly distributed between the groups . The median age at diagnosis for the 618 patients r and omly assigned to ERT was 57 years ( range , 26 to 91 years ) . Two hundred fifty-one patients ( 41.1 % ) were compliant with ERT for the entire treatment period . Disease recurrence was experienced in 14 patients ( 2.3 % ) . Eight patients ( 1.3 % ) developed a new malignancy . There were 26 deaths ( 4.2 % ) , and five deaths ( 0.8 % ) were a result of endometrial cancer . The  median age at diagnosis for the 618 patients in the placebo group was 57 years ( range , 30 to 88 years ) . Twelve patients ( 1.9 % ) experienced disease recurrence . Ten patients ( 1.6 % ) developed a new malignancy . There were 9 deaths ( 3.1 % ) in the placebo group , and four deaths ( 0.6 % ) were a result of endometrial cancer . CONCLUSION Although this incomplete study can not conclusively refute or support the safety of exogenous estrogen with regard to risk of endometrial recurrence , it is noteworthy that the absolute recurrence rate ( 2.1 % ) and the incidence of new malignancy were low
Women taking HT had a significantly decreased incidence of fracture with long-term use .
Research ers found no strong evidence that HT has a clinical ly meaningful impact on the incidence of colorectal cancer .
AUTHORS ' CONCLUSIONS : Women with intolerable menopausal symptoms may wish to weigh the benefits of symptom relief against the small absolute risk of harm arising from short-term use of low-dose HT , provided they do not have specific contraindications .
HT may be unsuitable for some women , including those at increased risk of cardiovascular disease , increased risk of thromboembolic disease ( such as those with obesity or a history of venous thrombosis ) or increased risk of some types of cancer ( such as breast cancer , in women with a uterus ) .
The risk of endometrial cancer among women with a uterus taking oestrogen-only HT is well documented .
HT is not indicated for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease or dementia , nor for prevention of deterioration of cognitive function in postmenopausal women .
Although HT is considered effective for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis , it is generally recommended as an option only for women at significant risk for whom non-oestrogen therapies are unsuitable .
BACKGROUND : Hormone therapy ( HT ) is widely provided for control of menopausal symptoms and has been used for the management and prevention of cardiovascular disease , osteoporosis and  dementia in older women .
This is an up date d version of a Cochrane review first published in 2005 .
OBJECTIVES : To assess effects of long-term HT ( at least 1 year 's duration ) on mortality , cardiovascular outcomes , cancer , gallbladder disease , fracture and cognition in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women during and after cessation of treatment .