Conclusions Leisure time physical activity may reduce the risk of chronic LBP by 11%–16 % .
Background There are plausible mechanisms whereby leisure time physical activity may protect against  low back pain ( LBP )  but there have been no quality systematic review s and meta-analyses of the subject .
Objective This review aims to assess the effect of leisure time physical activity on non-specific LBP .
Occupational loading, health behavior and sleep disturbance as predictors of low-back pain.
OBJECTIVES Risk factors for low-back pain are known to co-occur , but their joint effect has not often been studied . Little is also known about the variation of the risk factors or their effects with age . METHODS This prospect i ve study assessed the 1-year incidence of low-back pain by age group in a Finnish industrial population . The effects of the baseline variables on the risk of low-back pain in the follow-up were estimated with a log-binomial regression . RESULTS Among 2256 blue- and white-collar workers free of low-back pain 12 months preceding the baseline , 21 % reported low-back pain after 1-year of follow-up . Physical work load ( sum of heavy lifting , awkward postures , and whole-body vibration ) predicted low-back pain among those younger than 50 years [ highest relative risk ( RR ) 2.4 , 95 % confidence interval ( 95 % CI ) 1.4 - 4.2 ] , whereas health behavior ( sum of smoking , overweight , and lack of physical exercise ) increased the risk only among those 50 years or older ( RR up to 2.8 , 95 % CI 1.4 - 5.4 ) . Mental stress , dissatisfaction with life , and sleep problems were significant predictors in the group of 40- to 49-year-old workers . Work-related psychosocial factors were not associated with the outcome . CONCLUSIONS In this study , workers of different ages were affected by slightly different risk factors . The results support the provision of health promotion and stress management as part of programs to prevent work-related low-back pain . In particular , aging workers may benefit from such an integrated approach . More prospect i ve studies on the joint effects of age-specific risk factors of low-back pain are warranted
Conclusions Leisure time physical activity may reduce the risk of chronic LBP by 11%–16 % .
Background There are plausible mechanisms whereby leisure time physical activity may protect against  low back pain ( LBP )  but there have been no quality systematic review s and meta-analyses of the subject .
Objective This review aims to assess the effect of leisure time physical activity on non-specific LBP .