Results indicate that physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in subjects aged 65 years and older .
Conclusion Physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in healthy subjects aged 60 years and older .
The biggest effect of exercise intervention , of any type , has been seen on physical performance ( gait speed , chair rising test , balance , SPPB test , etc . )
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We observed huge variations in regard to the dietary supplementation protocol s. Based on the included studies , mainly performed on well-nourished subjects , the interactive effect of dietary supplementation on muscle function appears limited
Summary This systematic review summarizes the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention on muscle mass and muscle function .
However , any interactive effect of dietary supplementation appears to be limited .
Introduction In 2013 , Denison et al. conducted a systematic review including 17 r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) to explore the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention to improve muscle mass , muscle strength , or physical performance in older people .
They concluded that further studies were needed to provide evidence upon which public health and clinical recommendations could be based .
The purpose of the present work was to up date the prior systematic review and include studies published up to October 2015 .
Creatine supplementation post-exercise does not enhance training-induced adaptations in middle to older aged males
Abstract Purpose The present study evaluated the effects of creatine monohydrate ( CrM ) consumption post-exercise on body composition and muscle strength in middle to older males following a 12-week resistance training program  . Methods In a double-blind , r and omized trial , 20 males aged between 55 and 70 years were r and omly assigned to consume either CrM-carbohydrate ( CHO ) [ 20 g days−1 CrM + 5 g days−1 CHO × 7 days , then 0.1 g kg−1 CrM + 5 g CHO on training days ( average dosage of ~8.8 g ) ] or placebo CHO ( 20 g days−1 CHO × 7 days , then 5 g CHO on training days ) while participating in a high intensity resistance training program [ 3 sets × 10 repetitions at 75 % of 1 repetition maximum ( 1RM ) ] , 3 days weeks−1 for 12 weeks . Following the initial 7-day “ loading ” phase , participants were instructed to ingest their supplement within 60 min post-exercise . Body composition and muscle strength measurements , blood collection and vastus lateralis muscle biopsy were completed at 0 , 4 , 8 and 12 weeks of the supplement and resistance training program . Results A significant time effect was observed for 1RM bench press ( p = 0.016 ) , leg press ( p = 0.012 ) , body mass ( p = 0.03 ) , fat-free mass ( p = 0.005 ) and total myofibrillar protein ( p = 0.005 ) . A trend for larger muscle fiber cross-sectional area in the type II fibers compared to type I fibers was observed following the 12-week resistance training ( p = 0.08 ) . No supplement interaction effects were observed . Conclusion Post-exercise ingestion of creatine monohydrate does not provide greater enhancement of body composition and muscle strength compared to resistance training alone in middle to older males
Results indicate that physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in subjects aged 65 years and older .
Conclusion Physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in healthy subjects aged 60 years and older .
The biggest effect of exercise intervention , of any type , has been seen on physical performance ( gait speed , chair rising test , balance , SPPB test , etc . )
.
We observed huge variations in regard to the dietary supplementation protocol s. Based on the included studies , mainly performed on well-nourished subjects , the interactive effect of dietary supplementation on muscle function appears limited
Summary This systematic review summarizes the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention on muscle mass and muscle function .
However , any interactive effect of dietary supplementation appears to be limited .
Introduction In 2013 , Denison et al. conducted a systematic review including 17 r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) to explore the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention to improve muscle mass , muscle strength , or physical performance in older people .
They concluded that further studies were needed to provide evidence upon which public health and clinical recommendations could be based .
The purpose of the present work was to up date the prior systematic review and include studies published up to October 2015 .