This meta- analysis suggests that probiotic administration may significantly reduce serum CRP while having no significant effect on serum IL10 and TNF-α
We conducted this systematic review and meta- analysis of prospect i ve studies to determine the effect of  probiotic administration on serum C-reactive protein ( CRP ) concentrations .
Reduced Levels of D-dimer and Changes in Gut Microbiota Composition After Probiotic Intervention in HIV-Infected Individuals on Stable ART
Background : Microbial translocation and chronic inflammation may contribute to non-AIDS morbidity in patients with HIV . This study assessed the impact of probiotic intervention on microbial translocation and inflammation in patients on antiretroviral therapy with viral suppression and subnormal CD4 count . Methods : Thirty-two patients receiving antiretroviral therapy ( CD4 < 500 cells/&mgr;L ) were r and omized in a double-blind fashion to multistrain daily probiotics ( n = 15 ) , placebo ( n = 9 ) , or controls ( n = 8) for 8 weeks . Soluble inflammation markers , D-dimer , lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) , sCD14 , T-cell activation , tryptophan metabolites , and gut microbiota composition were analyzed at baseline and end of study . Nonparametric statistics were applied . Results : Twenty-four participants completed the study and were included in as-treated analyses . In patients receiving probiotics , there was a significant reduction in D-dimer levels ( median change 33 % , P = 0.03 ) and a tendency to reduced levels of C-reactive protein ( CRP ) ( P = 0.05 ) and interleukin (IL)-6 ( P = 0.06 ) . The changes in CRP and IL-6 were highly correlated ( r = 0.95 , P < 0.01 ) , whereas changes in D-dimer did not correlate with changes in CRP or IL-6 . Increases in Bifidobacteria ( P = 0.04 ) and Lactobacilli ( P = 0.06 ) were observed in the probiotic group , whereas the relative abundance of Bacteroides decreased ( P ⩽ 0.01 ) . No significant changes were seen in markers of microbial translocation or T-cell activation . However , the expansion of Bifidobacteria correlated negatively with differences in LPS ( r = −0.77 , P = 0.01 ) , whereas the reduction in Bacteroides correlated positively with changes in LPS during the study period ( r = 0.72 , P = 0.02 ) . Conclusions : Probiotic intervention seemed to reduce markers of coagulation and inflammation without overt changes in microbial translocation . These findings warrant further studies in larger cohorts with long-term follow-up
This meta- analysis suggests that probiotic administration may significantly reduce serum CRP while having no significant effect on serum IL10 and TNF-α
We conducted this systematic review and meta- analysis of prospect i ve studies to determine the effect of  probiotic administration on serum C-reactive protein ( CRP ) concentrations .