In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Parents' and children's acceptance of skim chocolate milks sweetened by monk fruit and stevia leaf extracts.
Chocolate milk increases milk consumption of children , but high sugar content raises health concerns . Interest in sugar reduction and parents ' preference for natural sweeteners necessitates further research on natural nonnutritive sweeteners . However , it is important to maintain consumer acceptability , especially for children , while reducing sugar in chocolate milk . The objectives of this study were to identify the sweetness intensity perception of stevia leaf ( STV ) and monk fruit ( MK ) extracts in skim chocolate milk ( SCM ) , to evaluate STV and MK as the sole or partial sweetener source for SCM for young adults ( 19 to 35 y ) and children ( 5 to 13 y ) , and to determine if information on natural nonnutritive sweeteners impacted parents ' acceptability of SCM . Power function and 2-alternative forced choice studies were used to determine the iso-sweetness of nonnutritive sweeteners to a sucrose control in SCM ( 51.4 g/L , SUC control ) . Young adults ( n = 131 ) evaluated 9 different SCM ( SUC control , STV , MK , STV : sucrose blends , or MK : sucrose blends ) in a completely r and omized 2-d test . Children ( n = 167 ) evaluated SUC control SCM and SCM with 39.7 g/L sucrose and 46 mg/L MK ( MK25 ) or 30 mg/L STV ( STV25 ) . Parents evaluated SUC control , MK25 , and STV25 in a balanced crossover design with a 40-d wait time between primed or unprimed ballots . Chocolate milks solely sweetened by nonnutritive sweeteners were less acceptable compared with SUC control by young adults . MK25 and STV25 were acceptable by young adults and children . The presentation of chocolate milk label information had different effects on parental acceptance . Traditional parents preferred sucrose sweetened SCM , and label conscious parents preferred SCM with natural nonnutritive sweeteners
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .