Intake of a carbohydrate-containing fluid is reported to improve insulin-like growth factor levels , reduce hunger , nausea , and length of stay , and attenuate the decrease in whole-body insulin sensitivity and endogenous glucose release .
Amino acid supplementation is reported to reduce muscle atrophy and accelerate return of functional mobility .
There is limited evidence for nutritional supplementation in THR and TKR pathways ; however , the low risk profile and potential benefits to adjunctive treatment methods , such as exercise programs , suggest nutritional supplements may have a role .
Optimizing nutritional status pre-operatively may help manage the surgical stress response , with a particular benefit for undernourished , frail , or elderly individuals
Nutritional supplements can influence outcomes for individuals undergoing major surgery , particularly in older persons whose functional reserve is limited .
Accelerating recovery from total hip replacement ( THR ) and total knee replacement ( TKR ) may offer significant benefits .
Therefore , we explored the role of nutritional supplements in improving recovery following THR and TKR .
Oral nutrition or water loading before hip replacement surgery; a randomized clinical trial
Background Surgery induces insulin resistance that might be alleviated by a nutritional drink given preoperatively . The authors hypothesized that some of the beneficial effects of the drink could be attributed to the volume component ( approximately 1 L ) rather than to the nutrients . Methods Sixty patients scheduled for elective total hip replacement under spinal anesthesia were recruited to a clinical trial , and r and omly allocated to preoperative fasting , to oral ingestion of tap water , or to oral ingestion of a carbohydrate drink . An intravenous glucose tolerance test calculated glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity on the day before surgery , in the postoperative ward , and on the day after surgery . Other parameters were stress ( cortisol in plasma and urine ) , muscle catabolism ( urinary 3-methylhistidine ) , and wellbeing . Results Fifty-seven patients completed the study . In the postoperative ward , the glucose clearance and the insulin response had decreased from the previous day by 23 % and 36 % , respectively . Insulin sensitivity did not decrease until the next morning ( −48 % ) and was due to an increased insulin response ( + 51 % ) . Cortisol excretion was highest on the day of surgery , while 3-methylhistidine increased 1 day later . Follow-up on the third postoperative day showed an average of 1.5 complications per patient . Wellbeing was better 2 weeks after than before the surgery . None of the measured parameters differed significantly between the study groups . Conclusions Preoperative ingestion of tap water or a nutritional drink had no statistically significant effect on glucose clearance , insulin sensitivity , postoperative complications , or wellbeing in patients undergoing elective hip surgery . Trial registration Registration number : NCT 01211184 ( http://www . clinical trials.gov
Intake of a carbohydrate-containing fluid is reported to improve insulin-like growth factor levels , reduce hunger , nausea , and length of stay , and attenuate the decrease in whole-body insulin sensitivity and endogenous glucose release .
Amino acid supplementation is reported to reduce muscle atrophy and accelerate return of functional mobility .
There is limited evidence for nutritional supplementation in THR and TKR pathways ; however , the low risk profile and potential benefits to adjunctive treatment methods , such as exercise programs , suggest nutritional supplements may have a role .
Optimizing nutritional status pre-operatively may help manage the surgical stress response , with a particular benefit for undernourished , frail , or elderly individuals
Nutritional supplements can influence outcomes for individuals undergoing major surgery , particularly in older persons whose functional reserve is limited .
Accelerating recovery from total hip replacement ( THR ) and total knee replacement ( TKR ) may offer significant benefits .
Therefore , we explored the role of nutritional supplements in improving recovery following THR and TKR .