Evidence from the studies included in this systematic review did not demonstrate that vitamin D supplementation in adults , results in an improvement in circulating inflammatory and endothelial function biomarkers/parameters .
This systematic review does not therefore support the use of vitamin D supplementation as a therapeutic or preventative measure for CVD in this respect
This systematic review aims to evaluate r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on  endothelial function and inflammation in adults .
Vitamin D and Serum Cytokines in a Randomized Clinical Trial
Background . The role of vitamin D in the body 's ability to fight influenza and URI 's may be dependent on regulation of specific cytokines that participate in the host inflammatory response . The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that vitamin D can influence intracellular signaling to regulate the production of cytokines . Subjects and Methods . This study was a 3-month prospect i ve placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 supplementation in ambulatory adults [ Li-Ng et al. , 2009 ] . 162 volunteers were r and omized to receive either 50 μg/d ( 2000 IU ) of vitamin D3 or matching placebo . 25(OH)D and the levels of 10 different cytokines ( IL-2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 13 , GM-CSF , IFN-γ , TNF-α ) were measured in the serum of participants at baseline and the final visit . There were 6 drop-outs from the active vitamin D group and 8 from the placebo group . Results . In the active vitamin D group , we found a significant median percent decline in levels of GM-CSF ( −62.9 % , P < .0001 ) , IFN-γ ( −38.9 % , P < .0001 ) , IL-4 ( −50.8 % , P = .001 ) , IL-8 ( −48.4 % , P < .0001 ) , and IL-10 ( −70.4 % , P < .0001 ) . In the placebo group , there were significant declines for GM-CSF ( −53.2 % , P = .0007 ) and IFN-γ ( −34.4 % , P = .0011 ) . For each cytokine , there was no significant difference in the rate of decline between the two groups . 25(OH)D levels increased in the active vitamin D group from a mean of 64.3 ± 25.4 nmol/L to 88.5 ± 23.2 nmol/L. Conclusions . The present study did not show that vitamin D3 supplementation changed circulating cytokine levels among healthy adults
Evidence from the studies included in this systematic review did not demonstrate that vitamin D supplementation in adults , results in an improvement in circulating inflammatory and endothelial function biomarkers/parameters .
This systematic review does not therefore support the use of vitamin D supplementation as a therapeutic or preventative measure for CVD in this respect
This systematic review aims to evaluate r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on  endothelial function and inflammation in adults .