In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Consumption of artificially and sugar-sweetened beverages and incident type 2 diabetes in the Etude Epidemiologique aupres des femmes de la Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale-European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.
BACKGROUND It has been extensively shown , mainly in US population s , that sugar-sweetened beverages ( SSBs ) are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) , but less is known about the effects of artificially sweetened beverages ( ASBs ) . OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association between self-reported SSB , ASB , and 100 % fruit juice consumption and T2D risk over 14 y of follow-up in the French prospect i ve Etude Epidémiologique auprès des femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale-European Prospect i ve Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort . DESIGN A total of 66,118 women were followed from 1993 , and 1369 incident cases of T2D were diagnosed during the follow-up . Cox regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95 % CIs for T2D risk . RESULTS The average consumption of sweetened beverages in consumers was 328 and 568 mL/wk for SSBs and ASBs , respectively . Compared with nonconsumers , women in the highest quartiles of SSB and ASB consumers were at increased risk of T2D with HRs ( 95 % CIs ) of 1.34 ( 1.05 , 1.71 ) and 2.21 ( 1.56 , 3.14 ) for women who consumed > 359 and > 603 mL/wk of SSBs and ASBs , respectively . Strong positive trends in T2D risk were also observed across quartiles of consumption for both types of beverage ( P = 0.0088 and P < 0.0001 , respectively ) . In sensitivity analyses , associations were partly mediated by BMI , although there was still a strong significant independent effect . No association was observed for 100 % fruit juice consumption . CONCLUSIONS Both SSB consumption and ASB consumption were associated with increased T2D risk . We can not rule out that factors other than ASB consumption that we did not control for are responsible for the association with diabetes , and r and omized trials are required to prove a causal link between ASB consumption and T2D
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .