None of the interventions were significantly better than the others in lowering glucose parameters .
The Mediterranean diet reduced HbA1c significantly compared to usual care but not compared to the Palaeolithic diet .
The effect of alterations in dietary practice irrespective of weight loss on glycaemic control can not be concluded from the present review .
BACKGROUND Overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight for optimal glucose management , yet many find this difficult .
Determining whether alterations in dietary patterns irrespective of weight loss can aid glucose control has not been fully investigated .
METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis aim ing to determine the effects of a Mediterranean diet compared to other dietary interventions on glycaemic control irrespective of weight loss .
Relation of weight gain and weight loss on subsequent diabetes risk in overweight adults
STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine whether long term weight gain and weight loss  are associated with subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes in overweight , non-diabetic adults . DESIGN Prospect i ve cohort . Baseline overweight was defined as BMI ⩾27.3 for women and BMI ⩾27.8 for men . Annual weight change ( kg/year ) over 10 years was calculated using measured weight at subjects ' baseline and first follow up examinations . In the 10 years after measurement of weight change , incident cases of diabetes were ascertained by self report , hospital discharge records , and death certificates . SETTING Community . PARTICIPANTS 1929 overweight , non-diabetic adults . MAIN RESULTS Incident diabetes was ascertained in 251 subjects .  Age adjusted cumulative incidence increased from 9.6 % for BMI < 29 to 26.2 % for BMI ⩾37 . Annual weight change over 10 years was higher in subjects who become diabetic compared with those who did not for all BMI < 35 . Relative to overweight people with stable weight , each kg of weight gained annually over 10 years was associated with a 49 % increase in risk of developing diabetes in the subsequent 10 years . Each kg of weight lost annually over 10 years was associated with a 33 % lower risk of diabetes in the subsequent 10 years .  CONCLUSIONS Weight gain  was associated with substantially increased risk of diabetes among overweight adults , and even modest weight loss was associated with significantly reduced diabetes risk . Minor weight reductions may have major beneficial effects on subsequent diabetes risk in overweight adults at high risk of developing diabetes
None of the interventions were significantly better than the others in lowering glucose parameters .
The Mediterranean diet reduced HbA1c significantly compared to usual care but not compared to the Palaeolithic diet .
The effect of alterations in dietary practice irrespective of weight loss on glycaemic control can not be concluded from the present review .
BACKGROUND Overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight for optimal glucose management , yet many find this difficult .
Determining whether alterations in dietary patterns irrespective of weight loss can aid glucose control has not been fully investigated .
METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis aim ing to determine the effects of a Mediterranean diet compared to other dietary interventions on glycaemic control irrespective of weight loss .