Overall , the current literature supports clearly the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the seven chronic conditions identified .
Moreover , higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk for premature all-cause mortality .
The current Canadian guidelines appear to be appropriate to reduce the risk for the seven chronic conditions identified above and all-cause mortality
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults .
Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular disease , stroke , hypertension , colon cancer , breast cancer , type 2 diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ) and osteoporosis ) .
The strength of the relationship between physical activity and specific health outcomes is evaluated critically .
Grip strength changes over 27 yr in Japanese-American men.
The aim of this study was to describe changes in grip strength over a follow-up period of approximately 27 yr and to study the associations of rate of strength decline with weight change and chronic conditions . The data are from the Honolulu Heart Program , a prospect i ve population -based study established in 1965 . Participants at exam 1 were 8,006 men ( ages 45 - 68 yr ) who were of Japanese ancestry and living in Hawaii . At follow-up , 3,741 men ( age range , 71 - 96 yr ) participated . Those who died before the follow-up showed significantly lower grip-strength values at baseline than did the survivors . The average annualized strength change among the survivors was -1.0 % . Steeper decline ( > 1.5%/yr ) was associated with older age at baseline , greater weight decrease , and chronic conditions such as stroke , diabetes , arthritis , coronary heart disease , and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . The risk factors for having very low h and -grip strength at follow-up , here termed grip-strength disability ( < /=21 kg , the lowest 10th percentile ) , were largely same as those for steep strength decline . However , the age-adjusted correlation between baseline and follow-up strength was strong ( r = 0.557 , P < 0.001 ) ; i.e. , those who showed greater grip strength at baseline were also likely to do so 27 yr later . Consequently , those in the lowest grip-strength tertile at baseline had about eight times greater risk of grip-strength disability than those in the highest tertile because of their lower reserve of strength . In old age , maintenance of optimal body mass may help prevent steep strength decrease and poor absolute strength
Overall , the current literature supports clearly the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the seven chronic conditions identified .
Moreover , higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk for premature all-cause mortality .
The current Canadian guidelines appear to be appropriate to reduce the risk for the seven chronic conditions identified above and all-cause mortality
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults .
Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular disease , stroke , hypertension , colon cancer , breast cancer , type 2 diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ) and osteoporosis ) .
The strength of the relationship between physical activity and specific health outcomes is evaluated critically .