CONCLUSION strength training , Tai Chi and aerobics exercises  improved balance and falls risk in older individuals with knee OA , while water-based exercises and light treatment did not significantly improve balance outcomes .
Strength training , Tai Chi and aerobics exercises can therefore be recommended as falls prevention strategies for individuals with OA .
INTRODUCTION osteoarthritis ( OA ) of knee has been reported as a risk factor for falls and reduced  balance in the elderly .
This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of physical therapies in improving balance and reducing falls risk among patients with knee OA .
Determinants of disparities between perceived and physiological risk of falling among elderly people: cohort study
Objectives To gain an underst and ing of elderly people ’s fear of falling by exploring the prevalence and determinants of perceived and physiological fall risk and to underst and the role of disparities in perceived and physiological risk in the cause of falls . Design Prospect i ve cohort study . Setting Community sample drawn from eastern Sydney , Australia . Participants 500 men and women aged 70–90 years . Main outcome measures Baseline assessment of medical , physiological , and neuropsychological measures , with physiological fall risk estimated with the physiological profile assessment , and perceived fall risk estimated with the falls efficacy scale international . Participants were followed up monthly for falls over one year . Results Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that perceived and physiological fall risk were both independent predictors of future falls . Classification tree analysis was used to split the sample into four groups ( vigorous , anxious , stoic , and aware ) based on the disparity between physiological and perceived risk of falling . Perceived fall risk was congruent with physiological fall risk in the vigorous ( 144 ( 29 % ) ) and aware ( 202 ( 40 % ) ) groups . The anxious group ( 54 ( 11 % ) ) had a low physiological risk but high perceived fall risk , which was related to depressive symptoms ( P=0.029 ) , neurotic personality traits ( P=0.026 ) , and decreased executive functioning ( P=0.010 ) . The stoic group ( 100 ( 20 % ) ) had a high physiological risk but low perceived fall risk , which was protective for falling and mediated through a positive outlook on life ( P=0.001 ) and maintained physical activity and community participation ( P=0.048 ) . Conclusion Many elderly people underestimated or overestimated their risk of falling . Such disparities between perceived and physiological fall risk were primarily associated with psychological measures and strongly influenced the probability of falling . Measures of both physiological and perceived fall risk should be included in fall risk assessment s to allow tailoring of interventions for preventing falls in elderly people
CONCLUSION strength training , Tai Chi and aerobics exercises  improved balance and falls risk in older individuals with knee OA , while water-based exercises and light treatment did not significantly improve balance outcomes .
Strength training , Tai Chi and aerobics exercises can therefore be recommended as falls prevention strategies for individuals with OA .
INTRODUCTION osteoarthritis ( OA ) of knee has been reported as a risk factor for falls and reduced  balance in the elderly .
This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of physical therapies in improving balance and reducing falls risk among patients with knee OA .