Due to the limited number of included trials , there is insufficient evidence to draw any conclusions about the effectiveness of cardiovascular prophylaxis in reducing mortality and cardiovascular events in people with AAA .
BACKGROUND Pharmacological prophylaxis has been proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in individuals with atherosclerotic occlusive arterial disease .
However , the role of prophylaxis in individuals with abdominal aortic aneurysm ( AAA ) remains unclear .
Several studies have shown that despite successful repair , those people with AAA have a poorer rate of survival than healthy controls .
People with AAA have an increased prevalence of coronary heart disease and risk of cardiovascular events .
Despite this association , little is known about the effectiveness of pharmacological prophylaxis in reducing cardiovascular risk in people with AAA .
This is an up date of a Cochrane review first published in 2014 .
OBJECTIVES To determine the long-term effectiveness of antiplatelet , antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medication in reducing mortality and cardiovascular events in people with abdominal aortic aneurysm ( AAA ) .
Which Hemostatic Markers Add to the Predictive Value of Conventional Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke?: The Caerphilly Study
Background — Few studies have examined whether hemostatic markers contribute to risk of coronary disease and ischemic stroke independently of conventional risk factors . This study examines 11 hemostatic markers that reflect different aspects of the coagulation process to determine which have prognostic value after accounting for conventional risk factors . Methods and Results — A total of 2398 men aged 49 to 65 years were examined in 1984 to 1988 , and the majority gave a fasting blood sample for assay of lipids and hemostatic markers . Men were followed up for a median of 13 years , and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) events were recorded . There were 486 CVD events in total , 353 with prospect i ve coronary disease and 133 with prospect i ve ischemic stroke . On univariable analysis , fibrinogen , low activated protein C ratio , D-dimer , tissue plasminogen activator ( tPA ) , and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ( PAI-1 ) were associated significantly with risk of CVD . On multivariable analyses with conventional risk factors forced into the proportional hazards model , fibrinogen , D-dimer , and PAI-1 were significantly associated with risk of CVD , whereas factor VIIc showed an inverse association ( P=0.001 ) . In a model that contained the conventional risk factors , the hazard ratio for subsequent CVD in the top third of the distribution of predicted risk relative to the bottom third was 2.7 for subjects without preexisting CVD . This ratio increased to 3.7 for the model that also contained the 4 hemostatic factors . Conclusions — Fibrinogen , D-dimer , PAI-1 activity , and factor VIIc each has potential to increase the prediction of coronary disease/ischemic stroke in middle-aged men , in addition to conventional risk factors
Due to the limited number of included trials , there is insufficient evidence to draw any conclusions about the effectiveness of cardiovascular prophylaxis in reducing mortality and cardiovascular events in people with AAA .
BACKGROUND Pharmacological prophylaxis has been proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in individuals with atherosclerotic occlusive arterial disease .
However , the role of prophylaxis in individuals with abdominal aortic aneurysm ( AAA ) remains unclear .
Several studies have shown that despite successful repair , those people with AAA have a poorer rate of survival than healthy controls .
People with AAA have an increased prevalence of coronary heart disease and risk of cardiovascular events .
Despite this association , little is known about the effectiveness of pharmacological prophylaxis in reducing cardiovascular risk in people with AAA .
This is an up date of a Cochrane review first published in 2014 .
OBJECTIVES To determine the long-term effectiveness of antiplatelet , antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medication in reducing mortality and cardiovascular events in people with abdominal aortic aneurysm ( AAA ) .