The review reached no real conclusion apart from the lack of efforts to clinical ly evaluate the bonding efficiency of a wide range of orthodontic bracket-adhesive systems in terms of debonding force compared to laboratory-based in vitro and ex vivo studies
The aim of this study was to systematic ally review the available studies measuring the bond strength of  orthodontic bracket-adhesive system  under different experimental conditions in vivo .
Effects of conventional and high-intensity light-curing on enamel shear bond strength of composite resin and resin-modified glass-ionomer.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strengths of a composite resin ( Transbond XT ; 3M/Unitek , Monrovia , Calif ) and a resin-modified glass ionomer ( Fuji Ortho LC ; GC America Inc , Alsip , Ill ) cured with 2 different light-curing units : a conventional visible light unit ( Ortholux XT ; 3 M Dental Products , St Paul , Minn ) and a xenon arc light unit ( Plasma Arc Curing [ PAC ] System ; American Dental Technologies , Corpus Christi , Texas ) . One hundred twenty freshly extracted bovine permanent m and ibular incisors were r and omly divided into 1 of 8 groups ; each group consisted of 15 specimens . Two groups ( 1 group for each type of adhesive ) were exposed to the visible light for 20 seconds ( Transbond XT ) and 40 seconds ( Fuji Ortho LC ) , respectively , and used as control groups . The remaining 6 groups ( 3 for each adhesive ) were cured with the xenon arc light for 2 , 5 , and 10 seconds . After bonding , all sample s were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours and subsequently tested in a shear mode on an Instron universal testing machine ( Instron Corp , Canton , Mass ) . For the groups bonded with Transbond XT , no statistically significant differences ( P = .868 ) were found between the shear bond strength of the control group cured with Ortholux XT and those of the groups cured with the PAC System for 2 , 5 , or 10 seconds . When the shear bond strengths of the groups bonded with Fuji Ortho LC were evaluated , no statistically significant differences ( P = .087 ) were found between the control group that was cured with Ortholux XT and those cured with the PAC System . The bond strength of the composite resin was significantly higher than that of the resin-modified glass ionomer in all the groups tested ( P < .0001 ) . The present findings indicate that , compared with visible light-curing , the xenon arc light enables the clinician to significantly reduce the curing time of both bonding agents , without affecting their shear bond strengths . Therefore , xenon arc light sources can be recommended as an advantageous alternative for curing both composite resins and resin-modified glass ionomers
The review reached no real conclusion apart from the lack of efforts to clinical ly evaluate the bonding efficiency of a wide range of orthodontic bracket-adhesive systems in terms of debonding force compared to laboratory-based in vitro and ex vivo studies
The aim of this study was to systematic ally review the available studies measuring the bond strength of  orthodontic bracket-adhesive system  under different experimental conditions in vivo .