The results showed that low-dose oral and transdermal estrogen in all dose ranges were more likely than placebo to decrease the frequency of VMS .
Indeed , the nanostructured formulation was safe and effective in relieving the symptoms of menopause .
Low-dose estrogen-based therapies can be the most effective regimens to relieve VMS .
These medications can be used by different administration routes and formulations
BACKGROUND Menopause is a critical phenomenon in women 's life .
After cardiac diseases , menopause is the second major cause of living with a disability in 45 - 60 year old women .
The majority of women will experience bothersome  vasomotor symptoms ( VMS ) .
Menopausal hormone therapy ( MHT ) is the most effective treatment for these symptoms .
The objective of this review is to focus on hormone therapy for relieving postmenopausal vasomotor symptoms .
Use of complementary and alternative medicine during the menopause transition: longitudinal results from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Objective : This study examined whether use of complementary and alternative ( CAM ) therapies during the menopause transition varied by ethnicity . Design : The Study of Women 's Health Across the Nation is a prospect i ve cohort study following a group of 3,302 women from five racial/ethnic groups at seven clinical sites nationwide . Using longitudinal data encompassing 6 years of follow-up , we examined trends in use of five categories of CAM ( nutritional , physical , psychological , herbal , and folk ) by menopause status and ethnicity . To account for potential secular trends in CAM use or availability , we also evaluated the trends in CAM use over calendar time . Results : Approximately 80 % of all participants had used some form of CAM at some time during the 6-year study period . White and Japanese women had the highest rates of use ( 60 % ) , followed by Chinese ( 46 % ) , African American ( 40 % ) , and Hispanic ( 20 % ) women . Overall use of CAM therapy  remained relatively stable over the study period . In general ,  CAM  use did not seem to be strongly associated with change in menopause transition status . Use of CAM  among white women did not change with transition status . Among Chinese and African American participants , we observed an increase in  CAM use as women transitioned to perimenopause and a decrease in use of CAM  with transition to postmenopause . Among Hispanic and Japanese women , we observed a decrease in use of CAM  in early perimenopause , followed by an increase as women entered late perimenopause and a decrease as they progressed to postmenopause . Patterns of use for the five individual types of CAM varied . White women had relatively stable use of all  CAM therapies  through the transition . Japanese women decreased use of nutritional and psychological remedies and increased use of physical remedies as they transitioned into late perimenopause . Among African American women , use of psychological remedies increased as they progressed through menopause . Conclusions : Although CAM use did vary in some ethnic groups in relation to advancing menopause status , there was no evidence of influence of calendar time on CAM use . Patterns of CAM use during menopause are likely to be driven by personal experience , menopausal health , and access to therapies . Women 's personal preferences should be taken into consideration by healthcare providers for medical decision making during menopause and throughout the aging process
The results showed that low-dose oral and transdermal estrogen in all dose ranges were more likely than placebo to decrease the frequency of VMS .
Indeed , the nanostructured formulation was safe and effective in relieving the symptoms of menopause .
Low-dose estrogen-based therapies can be the most effective regimens to relieve VMS .
These medications can be used by different administration routes and formulations
BACKGROUND Menopause is a critical phenomenon in women 's life .
After cardiac diseases , menopause is the second major cause of living with a disability in 45 - 60 year old women .
The majority of women will experience bothersome  vasomotor symptoms ( VMS ) .
Menopausal hormone therapy ( MHT ) is the most effective treatment for these symptoms .
The objective of this review is to focus on hormone therapy for relieving postmenopausal vasomotor symptoms .