Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .
Definitive risk factors for anastomotic leaks in elective open colorectal resection.
HYPOTHESIS Anastomotic leaks following elective colorectal resections increase morbidity , mortality , and the need for additional interventions . An accurate underst and ing of risk factors would potentially reduce anastomotic leaks and /or allow appropriate selection of patients for diverting stomas . DESIGN Prospect i ve review of patient and operative characteristics that contribute to anastomotic leaks . SETTING Fifty-one sites within the United States ( May 2002-March 2005 ) . PATIENTS Six hundred seventy-two patients who participated in a trial comparing preoperative antimicrobials in elective open colorectal surgery .  MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Anastomotic leaks were diagnosed using clinical findings and were confirmed with imaging . We examined 20 variables possibly affecting anastomotic healing in univariate and multivariate analyses . RESULTS There were 24  anastomotic leaks in 672 patients ( 3.6 % ) undergoing elective colorectal resection . There were 10 deaths ( 1.5 % ) . A baseline albumin level of less than 3.5 g/dL ( to convert to grams per liter , multiply by 10 ) ( P = .04 ) and male sex ( P = .03 ) were associated with anastomotic leaks in both univariate and multivariate analyses ( adjusted odds ratios , 2.56 and 3.12 , respectively ) . Increased duration of surgery ( SD , 60 minutes ; odds ratio , 1.53 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.06 - 2.22 ; P = .03 ) and steroid use at the time of surgery ( odds ratio , 3.85 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.24 - 11.93 ; P = .02 ) were significant in univariate analysis . Surgical procedure with rectal resection ; prophylaxis with ertapenem ( vs cefotetan ) ; or history of obesity , tobacco use , or diabetes was not associated with anastomotic leaks . CONCLUSIONS Significant risk factors for anastomotic leaks include low preoperative serum albumin level , steroid use , male sex , and increased duration of surgery . Appreciation of risk factors provides a rational basis for temporary diversion
Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .