Several studies of good quality demonstrated changes in lifestyle habits arising from the provision of genetic interventions .
The most promising lifestyle changes were changes in nutrition .
Conclusions : It is possible to facilitate behaviour change using genetic testing as the catalyst .
Background : Study ing the impact of  genetic testing interventions on lifestyle behaviour change  has been a priority area of research in recent years .
Substantial heterogeneity exists in the results and conclusions of this literature , which has yet to be explained using vali date d behaviour change theory and an assessment of the quality of genetic interventions .
The theory of planned behaviour ( TPB ) helps to explain key contributors to behaviour change .
It has been hypothesized that personalization could be added to this theory to help predict changes in health behaviours .
Purpose : This systematic review provides a detailed , comprehensive identification , assessment , and summary of primary research articles pertaining to  lifestyle behaviour change  ( nutrition , physical activity , sleep , and smoking ) result ing from  genetic testing interventions .
The present review further aims to provide in-depth analyses of studies conducted to date within the context of the TPB and the quality of genetic interventions provided to participants while aim ing to determine whether or not genetic testing facilitates changes in lifestyle habits .
This review is timely in light of a recently published “ call-to-action ” paper , highlighting the need to incorporate the TPB into personalized healthcare behaviour change research .
Evaluating Changes in Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake after Receiving Personal FADS1 Genetic Information: A Randomized Nutrigenetic Intervention
Nutrigenetics research is anticipated to lay the foundation for personalized dietary recommendations ; however , it remains unclear if providing individuals with their personal genetic information changes dietary behaviors . Our objective was to evaluate if providing information for a common variant in the fatty acid desaturase 1 ( FADS1 ) gene changed omega-3 fatty acid ( FA ) intake and blood levels in young female adults ( 18–25 years ) . Participants were r and omized into Genetic ( intervention ) and Non-Genetic ( control ) groups , with measurements taken at Baseline and Final ( 12 weeks ) . Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) and docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ) was assessed using an omega-3 food frequency question naire .  Red blood cell ( RBC ) FA content was quantified by gas chromatography . Implication s of participation in a nutrigenetics study and awareness of omega-3 FAs were assessed with online question naires . Upon completion of the study , EPA and DHA intake increased significantly ( p = 1.0 × 10−4 ) in all participants . This change was reflected by small increases in RBC % EPA . Participants in the Genetic group showed increased awareness of omega-3 terminology by the end of the study , reported that the dietary recommendations were more useful , and rated cost as a barrier to omega-3 consumption less often than those in the Non-Genetic group . Providing participants FADS1 genetic information did not appear to influence omega-3 intake during the 12 weeks , but did change perceptions and behaviors related to omega-3 FAs in this timeframe
Several studies of good quality demonstrated changes in lifestyle habits arising from the provision of genetic interventions .
The most promising lifestyle changes were changes in nutrition .
Conclusions : It is possible to facilitate behaviour change using genetic testing as the catalyst .
Background : Study ing the impact of  genetic testing interventions on lifestyle behaviour change  has been a priority area of research in recent years .
Substantial heterogeneity exists in the results and conclusions of this literature , which has yet to be explained using vali date d behaviour change theory and an assessment of the quality of genetic interventions .
The theory of planned behaviour ( TPB ) helps to explain key contributors to behaviour change .
It has been hypothesized that personalization could be added to this theory to help predict changes in health behaviours .
Purpose : This systematic review provides a detailed , comprehensive identification , assessment , and summary of primary research articles pertaining to  lifestyle behaviour change  ( nutrition , physical activity , sleep , and smoking ) result ing from  genetic testing interventions .
The present review further aims to provide in-depth analyses of studies conducted to date within the context of the TPB and the quality of genetic interventions provided to participants while aim ing to determine whether or not genetic testing facilitates changes in lifestyle habits .
This review is timely in light of a recently published “ call-to-action ” paper , highlighting the need to incorporate the TPB into personalized healthcare behaviour change research .