Results Level of evidence from 54 high and medium quality studies showed moderate evidence of a positive effect of physical exercise .
Within this domain , there was strong evidence of a positive effect of workplace strength training .
There was limited evidence for ergonomics and strong evidence for no benefit of participatory ergonomics , multifaceted interventions , and stress management .
No intervention domains were associated with “ negative effects ” .
Conclusions The evidence synthesis recommends that implementing strength training at the workplace can reduce MSD  among workers with physically dem and ing work .
In regard to workplace ergonomics , there was not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practice s. Based on the scientific literature , participatory ergonomics and multifaceted workplace interventions seem to have no beneficial effect on reducing MSD among this group of workers .
Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to rehabilitate musculoskeletal disorders ( MSDs ) among employees with physically dem and ing work .
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Prevent Patient Lift and Transfer Injuries of Health Care Workers
Study Design . R and omized controlled trial ( RCT ) . Objectives . To compare the effectiveness of training and equipment to reduce musculoskeletal injuries , increase comfort , and reduce physical dem and s on staff performing patient lifts and transfers at a large acute care hospital . Summary of Background Data . Back injury to nursing staff during patient h and ling tasks is a major issue in health care . The value of mechanical assistive devices in reducing injuries to these workers is unclear . Methods . This three-armed RCT consisted of a “ control arm , ” a “ safe lifting ” arm , and a “ no strenuous lifting ” arm .  A medical , surgical , and rehabilitation ward were each r and omly assigned to each arm . Both intervention arms received intensive training in back care , patient assessment , and h and ling techniques . Hence , the “ safe lifting ” arm used improved patient h and ling techniques using manual equipment , whereas the “ no strenuous lifting ” arm aim ed to eliminate manual patient h and ling through use of additional mechanical and other assistive equipment . Results . Frequency of manual patient h and ling tasks was significantly decreased on the “ no strenuous lifting ” arm . Self-perceived work fatigue , back and shoulder pain , safety , and frequency and intensity of physical discomfort associated with patient h and ling tasks were improved on both intervention arms , but staff on the mechanical equipment arm showed greater improvements . Musculoskeletal injury rates were not significantly altered . Conclusions . The “ no strenuous lifting ” program , which combined training with assured availability of mechanical and other assistive patient h and ling equipment , most effectively improved comfort with patient h and ling , decreased staff fatigue , and decreased physical dem and s. The fact that injury rates were not statistically significantly reduced may reflect the less sensitive nature of this indicator compared with the subjective indicators
Results Level of evidence from 54 high and medium quality studies showed moderate evidence of a positive effect of physical exercise .
Within this domain , there was strong evidence of a positive effect of workplace strength training .
There was limited evidence for ergonomics and strong evidence for no benefit of participatory ergonomics , multifaceted interventions , and stress management .
No intervention domains were associated with “ negative effects ” .
Conclusions The evidence synthesis recommends that implementing strength training at the workplace can reduce MSD  among workers with physically dem and ing work .
In regard to workplace ergonomics , there was not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practice s. Based on the scientific literature , participatory ergonomics and multifaceted workplace interventions seem to have no beneficial effect on reducing MSD among this group of workers .
Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to rehabilitate musculoskeletal disorders ( MSDs ) among employees with physically dem and ing work .