The majority of studies were observational in nature and showed a reduction in energy intake following surgery , as well as inadequate intakes of micronutrients and protein , and an excessive intake of fats .
There was evidence of nutrient imbalances , suboptimal compliance with multivitamin and mineral supplementation , and limited follow-up of patients .
The current evidence base suggests that despite being effective in reducing energy intake , bariatric surgery can result in unbalanced diets , inadequate micronutrient and protein intakes , and excessive intakes of fats .
In combination with suboptimal adherence to multivitamin and mineral supplementation , this may contribute to nutritional deficiencies and weight regain .
Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for morbid obesity .
These procedures change the gastrointestinal system with the aim of reducing dietary intake .
Improving diet quality is essential in maintaining nutritional health and achieving long-term benefits from the surgery .
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between bariatric surgery and diet quality at least 1 year after surgery .
The Micronutrient Intake Profile of a Multicentre Cohort of Australian LAGB Patients
Background Patients who have undergone bariatric surgery have increased risks of developing micronutrient deficiencies . Translational research investigating the actual micronutrient intake of bariatric patients is limited . We examined the  micronutrient intake  of a multicentre cohort of laparoscopic adjustable gastric b and ing patients 1 year post-surgery . These data were compared to micronutrient recommendations for the general population . Methods Consecutive patients from three bariatric surgery facilities in Melbourne , Australia , were invited to participate 12 months post-operatively . A vali date d food frequency question naire was posted to 215 prospect i ve participants . Results Of the 52 participants , micronutrient intakes from food and fluids alone were below population recommendations for calcium , folate , magnesium , potassium , retinol equivalents , thiamin and vitamin E. Males did not meet the recommended intakes for zinc , and iron intakes in pre-menopausal women were insufficient . Intakes lower than recommended levels for these micronutrients suggest inadequate intake of foods from vegetable , dairy , lean meat ( or alternatives ) and wholegrains . Micronutrient intakes below recommended levels in this patient group can be further explained by their macronutrient intakes that suggested diets of poor nutrient density . Recommendations for supplementation in this group have wide variations , usually having been developed through the presence of clinical and biochemical deficiencies . Conclusions Nutritional supplementation should be more extensive in scope and dosage than is currently recommended by some professional guidelines . Further long-term studies are needed to explore both macro- and micronutrient intakes on the morbidity and mortality of this patient population
The majority of studies were observational in nature and showed a reduction in energy intake following surgery , as well as inadequate intakes of micronutrients and protein , and an excessive intake of fats .
There was evidence of nutrient imbalances , suboptimal compliance with multivitamin and mineral supplementation , and limited follow-up of patients .
The current evidence base suggests that despite being effective in reducing energy intake , bariatric surgery can result in unbalanced diets , inadequate micronutrient and protein intakes , and excessive intakes of fats .
In combination with suboptimal adherence to multivitamin and mineral supplementation , this may contribute to nutritional deficiencies and weight regain .
Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for morbid obesity .
These procedures change the gastrointestinal system with the aim of reducing dietary intake .
Improving diet quality is essential in maintaining nutritional health and achieving long-term benefits from the surgery .
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between bariatric surgery and diet quality at least 1 year after surgery .