Interventions to promote exercise in cancer survivors who report better levels of adherence share some common behaviour change techniques .
These involve setting programme goals , prompting practise and self-monitoring and encouraging participants to attempt to generalise behaviours learned in supervised exercise environments to other , non-supervised context s. However , expecting most sedentary survivors to achieve current guideline recommendations of at least 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise is likely to be unrealistic .
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of regular exercise for people living with or beyond cancer are becoming apparent .
However , how to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary cancer cohorts is not as well understood .
A large majority of people living with or recovering from cancer do not meet exercise recommendations .
Hence , review ing the evidence on how to promote and sustain exercise behaviour is important .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer and to address the following questions : Which interventions are most effective in improving aerobic fitness and skeletal muscle strength and endurance ?
What adverse effects are attributed to different exercise interventions ?
Which interventions are most effective in improving exercise behaviour amongst patients with different cancers ?
Which interventions are most likely to promote long-term ( 12 months or longer ) exercise behaviour ?
What frequency of contact with exercise professionals is associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What theoretical basis is most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What behaviour change techniques are most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
Exercise and secondary lymphedema: safety, potential benefits, and research issues.
PURPOSE Participating in regular physical activity is encouraged after treatment for breast cancer , with exception of those who have subsequently developed lymphedema . The purpose of this project was to investigate , in a r and omized controlled trial , the effect of participating in a supervised , mixed-type exercise program on lymphedema status among women with lymphedema after breast cancer . METHODS Women younger than 76 yr , who completed breast cancer treatment at least 6 months prior and had subsequently developed unilateral , upper-limb lymphedema , were r and omly allocated to an intervention ( n = 16 ) or control ( n = 16 ) group . The intervention group ( IG ) participated in 20 supervised , group , aerobic and resistance exercise sessions over 12 wk , whereas the control group ( CG ) was instructed to continue habitual activities .  Lymphedema status was assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy ( impedance ratio between limbs ) and perometry ( volume difference between limbs ) , and independent t-tests ( two-tailed P < 0.05 ) were used to determine statistical significance of observed changes . RESULTS Mean ratio and volume measures at baseline were similar for the IG ( 1.13 + /- 0.15 and 337 + /- 307 mL , respectively ) and the CG ( 1.13 + /- 0.19 and 377 + /- 416 mL , respectively ) , and no changes were observed over time for either group . Although no group change was observed between preintervention and 3-month follow-up for the IG ( ratio and volume change = 0.02 + /- 0.07 and 2 + /- 71 mL , respectively ) , two women in this group no longer had evidence of lymphedema by study end . Average attendance was more than 70 % of supervised sessions , there were no withdrawals , and several qualitative comments from participants support the program acceptability . CONCLUSIONS The results from this pilot study indicate that , at minimum , exercise does not exacerbate secondary lymphedema .  Women with secondary lymphedema should be encouraged to be physically active , optimizing their physical and psychosocial recovery
Interventions to promote exercise in cancer survivors who report better levels of adherence share some common behaviour change techniques .
These involve setting programme goals , prompting practise and self-monitoring and encouraging participants to attempt to generalise behaviours learned in supervised exercise environments to other , non-supervised context s. However , expecting most sedentary survivors to achieve current guideline recommendations of at least 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise is likely to be unrealistic .
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of regular exercise for people living with or beyond cancer are becoming apparent .
However , how to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary cancer cohorts is not as well understood .
A large majority of people living with or recovering from cancer do not meet exercise recommendations .
Hence , review ing the evidence on how to promote and sustain exercise behaviour is important .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer and to address the following questions : Which interventions are most effective in improving aerobic fitness and skeletal muscle strength and endurance ?
What adverse effects are attributed to different exercise interventions ?
Which interventions are most effective in improving exercise behaviour amongst patients with different cancers ?
Which interventions are most likely to promote long-term ( 12 months or longer ) exercise behaviour ?
What frequency of contact with exercise professionals is associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What theoretical basis is most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What behaviour change techniques are most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?