Evidence for anxiety , psychological stress , psychological well-being , subjective well-being and social isolation and loneliness varied in volume and effectiveness , but no harmful effects were identified .
The setting and context of walking seems to be important variables .
Background / objectives Walking has well-established positive relationships with , and effects on , physical health .
In contrast , while poor mental health contributes substantially to global health burden , an overview of the benefits from walking has not previously been published .
We aim ed to scope the literature and present what is known , and highlight what is not known , about walking and mental health .
Promoting walking as an adjunct intervention to group cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders--a pilot group randomized trial.
A group r and omized trial of adding a home-based walking program to a st and ard group cognitive behavioral therapy ( GCBT+EX ) was compared with groups receiving GCBT and educational sessions ( GCBT+ED ) . The study was implemented in an outpatient clinic providing GCBT for clients diagnosed with panic disorder , generalized anxiety disorder or social phobia . Pre- and post-treatment measures included the self-report depression , anxiety , and stress scale ( DASS-21 ) and measures of physical activity .  From January 2004 to May 2005 , six groups were allocated to GCBT+EX ( n=38 ) and five to GCBT+ED ( n=36 ) . Analysis of covariance for completed cases ( GCBT+EX , n=21 ; GCBT+ED , n=20 ) , adjusting for the group design , baseline DASS-21 scores , and anxiety diagnosis showed significant effect for GCBT+EX on depression , anxiety , and stress ( regression coefficients=-6.21 , -3.41 , and -5.14 , respectively , p<0.05 ) compared to the GCBT+ED . The potential of exercise interventions as adjunct to GCBT for anxiety disorder needs to be further explored
Evidence for anxiety , psychological stress , psychological well-being , subjective well-being and social isolation and loneliness varied in volume and effectiveness , but no harmful effects were identified .
The setting and context of walking seems to be important variables .
Background / objectives Walking has well-established positive relationships with , and effects on , physical health .
In contrast , while poor mental health contributes substantially to global health burden , an overview of the benefits from walking has not previously been published .
We aim ed to scope the literature and present what is known , and highlight what is not known , about walking and mental health .