Results of systematic review s and meta-analyses of r and omized controlled trials have shown that both systemic estrogen therapy or hormone therapy ( estrogen combined with a progestin ) are useful to prevent bone loss , and they are the most effective treatment for such climacteric symptoms as hot flushes , sweating , vaginal dryness , and dyspareunia .
The combination of a SERM with estrogen as a tissue selective estrogen complex ( TSEC ) is a new strategy for the prevention of bone loss and the treatment of climacteric symptoms .
This combination is particularly interesting from a clinical point of view , taking into account that estrogen alone did not increase breast cancer risk by the Women 's Health Initiative .
TSEC is hypothesized to provide the benefits of estrogen-alone therapy , with an improved tolerability profile because the SERM component can make possible the elimination of progestin .
The conclusion is that effectively , the combination of bazedoxifene and conjugated estrogens may be a promising alternative to hormone therapy for the prevention of osteoporosis and the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms in non-hysterectomized postmenopausal women
Decreasing levels of estrogens during menopause are associated with reduced bone density and an increased risk of osteoporosis .
Many women also experience bothersome vasomotor and vaginal symptoms during the menopausal transition .
Unfortunately , estrogen therapy and hormone therapy increase the risk of endometrial and breast cancer , respectively .
The selective estrogen receptor modulators ( SERMs ) result in positive estrogenic effects on bone , with no negative effects on the endometrium and breast but do not provide relief from postmenopausal symptoms .
The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the evidence from the reports published to date on the use of bazedoxifene ( a third-generation SERM ) in combination with conjugated estrogens in postmenopausal women .
Long-term effects of transdermal and oral estrogens on serum lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women.
The transdermal and oral administration of estrogens for one year were compared with respect to the effects on lipid metabolism .  Eighty-one postmenopausal women ( 1.5 - 3 years after menopause ) were r and omly divided into three groups . The first two groups received sequential estrogen treatment with either transdermal estradiol ( Estraderm TTS , Ciba Geigy ; 50 micrograms/day ; 24 women ) or 0.625 mg/day conjugated estrogens ( Premarin , Wyeth ; 20 subjects ) , respectively . In both groups medroxyprogesterone ( 10 mg/day per os ) was added for 12 days of each cycle . Thirty-five subjects served as control group without therapy  . No significant changes in the lipid profile was observed in control subjects after 1 year of follow-up . Serum triglycerides decreased significantly ( -10.9 + /- 26 % S.D. ; P < 0.05 ) in transdermal treated women , whereas it slightly rose in oral estrogen group . Comparable significant decreases in total and low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol ( mean range -6.5/-18.0 % ) were observed in women on estrogen replacement therapy . High density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol significantly diminished in transdermal estradiol group , but it rose slightly in the oral estrogen group . Thus the fraction of HDL cholesterol over LDL cholesterol did not change in the transdermal group whereas it significantly rose in subjects treated with oral estrogens . It remains to be established to what extent these differences on lipid metabolism are relevant for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Results of systematic review s and meta-analyses of r and omized controlled trials have shown that both systemic estrogen therapy or hormone therapy ( estrogen combined with a progestin ) are useful to prevent bone loss , and they are the most effective treatment for such climacteric symptoms as hot flushes , sweating , vaginal dryness , and dyspareunia .
The combination of a SERM with estrogen as a tissue selective estrogen complex ( TSEC ) is a new strategy for the prevention of bone loss and the treatment of climacteric symptoms .
This combination is particularly interesting from a clinical point of view , taking into account that estrogen alone did not increase breast cancer risk by the Women 's Health Initiative .
TSEC is hypothesized to provide the benefits of estrogen-alone therapy , with an improved tolerability profile because the SERM component can make possible the elimination of progestin .
The conclusion is that effectively , the combination of bazedoxifene and conjugated estrogens may be a promising alternative to hormone therapy for the prevention of osteoporosis and the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms in non-hysterectomized postmenopausal women
Decreasing levels of estrogens during menopause are associated with reduced bone density and an increased risk of osteoporosis .
Many women also experience bothersome vasomotor and vaginal symptoms during the menopausal transition .
Unfortunately , estrogen therapy and hormone therapy increase the risk of endometrial and breast cancer , respectively .
The selective estrogen receptor modulators ( SERMs ) result in positive estrogenic effects on bone , with no negative effects on the endometrium and breast but do not provide relief from postmenopausal symptoms .
The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the evidence from the reports published to date on the use of bazedoxifene ( a third-generation SERM ) in combination with conjugated estrogens in postmenopausal women .