Results showed that mechanical active irrigation reduces post-operative pain .
It improved debridement , canal/isthmus cleanliness .
It also improved delivery of irrigant up to working length .
Bacterial count was more with active irrigation , though not significant .
There is no effect on long-term periapical healing .
Conclusion It may be concluded that mechanical active irrigation devices are beneficial in reducing post-operative pain and improving canal and isthmus cleanliness during Endodontics
Objective Irrigant activation has been cl aim ed to be beneficial in in vitro and clinical studies .
This systematic review aims to investigate the clinical efficiency of mechanically activated irrigants and conventional irrigation .
Apical extrusion of sodium hypochlorite using different root canal irrigation systems.
INTRODUCTION Root canal irrigation carries a risk of extrusion of irrigant into the periapical tissues . The objective of this study was to compare different irrigation systems in matched pairs of teeth prepared to an apical size of 35.06 and 50.06 by measuring the frequency and extent of apical extrusion of sodium hypochlorite ( NaOCl ) into a simulated periapical environment . The null hypothesis was tested that there is no difference between systems . METHODS Bilaterally matched pairs ( n = 10 ) of single-canal extracted human anterior teeth were instrumented to an apical size of either 35.06 or 50.06 . Teeth were embedded in a gel containing the pH-sensitive dye M-cresol purple that changes from yellow at pH 7.4 to purple at pH 9 . Root canals were irrigated with 6 % NaOCl ( pH 11 ) by using EndoActivator ( EA ) , EndoVac ( EV ) , Rispi-Sonic/MicroMega 1500 ( MM ) , passive ultrasonic irrigation ( PUI ) , and syringe irrigation with a slot-tipped needle ( SN ) , so that each tooth underwent all irrigation procedures in a r and omized crossover design . Apical extrusion was evaluated by image analyses . RESULTS The frequency of extrusion was less in teeth with apical preparation size 35.06 ( 36 % ) compared with 50.06 ( 60 % ) ( P = .014 ) and was dependent on the irrigation system in 35.06 ( P = .039 ) but not 50.06 groups . In the 35.06 group the frequency of extrusion was less for EV than for MM and SN ( both P = .029 ) . The extent of extrusion was less for MM compared with PUI ( P = .024 ) and SN ( P = .046 ) in the 35.06 group and greater for SN compared with all other systems in the 50.06 group ( P < .05 ) . The null hypothesis was rejected . CONCLUSIONS The frequency of apical extrusion of NaOCl was dependent on the type of root canal irrigation system and apical preparation size . The extent of extrusion depended on the irrigation system , with syringe and slotted-needle irrigation result ing in the greatest extent of extrusion
Results showed that mechanical active irrigation reduces post-operative pain .
It improved debridement , canal/isthmus cleanliness .
It also improved delivery of irrigant up to working length .
Bacterial count was more with active irrigation , though not significant .
There is no effect on long-term periapical healing .
Conclusion It may be concluded that mechanical active irrigation devices are beneficial in reducing post-operative pain and improving canal and isthmus cleanliness during Endodontics
Objective Irrigant activation has been cl aim ed to be beneficial in in vitro and clinical studies .
This systematic review aims to investigate the clinical efficiency of mechanically activated irrigants and conventional irrigation .