Results of these studies indicate that school-based spinal health interventions may be effective in increasing spinal care knowledge and decreasing the prevalence of spinal pain .
However , overall the evidence is inconclusive regarding spinal care behaviors .
The poor quality of the review ed studies limits the conclusions that can be made regarding the effectiveness of school-based spinal health interventions
OBJECTIVES To establish the effectiveness of  school-based spinal health interventions  in terms of : 1 ) improving knowledge about the spine/spinal care ; 2 ) changing spinal care behaviors ; and 3 ) decreasing the prevalence of spinal pain .
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Spinal pain is a significant problem in children and adolescents that has been addressed through school-based spinal health interventions .
No systematic review has been carried out on this topic to date .
Knowledge and perceptions about back education among elementary school students, teachers, and parents in Belgium.
A back education program for Belgian elementary school children was evaluated using self-reported question naires before intervention and at three follow-up points during one year . Most children found the program interesting , important , and amusing . Intervention children ( n = 347 ) showed better back care knowledge than control  children ( n = 359 ) , and knowledge gained was retained over a period of one year . Back education did not result in increased fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activity , and intervention children reported more checking of their book bag weight than controls at all test moments . Self-reported behavior in relation to posture-related and back care related self-efficacy were affected only minimally by the program , possibly due to poor self-judgment . Involvement , fear-avoidance beliefs , and back care knowledge of teachers and parents of the intervention children showed low correlation with the children 's perceptions and knowledge . Sufficient promise exists to justify further development and evaluation of early back education
Results of these studies indicate that school-based spinal health interventions may be effective in increasing spinal care knowledge and decreasing the prevalence of spinal pain .
However , overall the evidence is inconclusive regarding spinal care behaviors .
The poor quality of the review ed studies limits the conclusions that can be made regarding the effectiveness of school-based spinal health interventions
OBJECTIVES To establish the effectiveness of  school-based spinal health interventions  in terms of : 1 ) improving knowledge about the spine/spinal care ; 2 ) changing spinal care behaviors ; and 3 ) decreasing the prevalence of spinal pain .
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Spinal pain is a significant problem in children and adolescents that has been addressed through school-based spinal health interventions .
No systematic review has been carried out on this topic to date .