PRT results in improvements to muscle strength and some aspects of functional limitation , such as gait speed , in older adults .
However , based on current data , the effect of PRT on physical disability remains unclear .
Further , due to the poor reporting of adverse events in trials , it is difficult to evaluate the risks associated with PRT
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review was to quantify the effectiveness of progressive resistance strength training ( PRT ) to reduce  physical disability in older people .
Aerobic training involving a minor muscle mass shows greater efficiency than training involving a major muscle mass in chronic heart failure patients.
BACKGROUND Beneficial training outcomes have been reported in sedentary patients with chronic heart failure ( CHF ) after exercise training .  However , data on training effects in previously trained patients , as well as comparisons of different exercise modes , are lacking . The aim of this study is to compare exercise training on a cycle ergometer ( major muscle mass ) and aerobic knee-extensor training ( minor muscle mass ) in previously trained patients with CHF . METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-four men and women ( age , 63 + /- 10 years [ mean + /- SD ] ) with stable , moderate CHF ( left ventricular ejection fraction , 30 % + /- 11 % ) who had completed their first exercise training period more than 1 year ago were allocated to either the exercise or control group . After stratification for sex , age , ejection fraction , and cardiac output response , the training group was further r and omized to either cycle ergometer or knee-extensor training for 8 weeks . The control and training patients did not differ at baseline , and the measured variables did not change in the control group during the 8 weeks . Citrate synthase activity in skeletal muscle increased after cycle training ( 23 % ; P < .02 ) and knee-extensor training ( 45 % ; P < .008 ) , and blood lactate concentration at submaximal intensities decreased ( P < .04 ) in both groups . However , only after knee-extensor training did the peak oxygen uptake increase ( 19 % ; P < .01 ) and sympathetic nervous system activity , measured as plasma norepinephrine concentration at rest ( P < .05 ) and during exercise ( P < .008 ) , decrease . Minnesota Living with Heart Failure question naire scores also showed improvement in the health-related quality of life ( P < .05 ) only after knee-extensor training . CONCLUSION Physical training is beneficial in previously trained patients with CHF . Aerobic training involving a minor muscle mass shows greater efficiency than training involving a major muscle mass
PRT results in improvements to muscle strength and some aspects of functional limitation , such as gait speed , in older adults .
However , based on current data , the effect of PRT on physical disability remains unclear .
Further , due to the poor reporting of adverse events in trials , it is difficult to evaluate the risks associated with PRT
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review was to quantify the effectiveness of progressive resistance strength training ( PRT ) to reduce  physical disability in older people .