There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Effects of exercise intensity on cardiovascular fitness, total body composition, and visceral adiposity of obese adolescents.
BACKGROUND Little is known about how the intensity of exercise influences cardiovascular fitness and body composition , especially in obese adolescents . OBJECTIVE Our goal was to determine the effects of physical training intensity on the cardiovascular fitness , percentage of body fat ( % BF ) , and visceral adipose tissue ( VAT ) of obese adolescents . DESIGN Obese 13 - 16-y-olds ( n = 80 ) were assigned to 1 ) biweekly lifestyle education ( LSE ) , 2 ) LSE + moderate-intensity physical training , or 3 ) LSE + high-intensity physical training . The intervention lasted 8 mo . Physical training was offered 5 d/wk , and the target energy expenditure for all subjects in physical training groups was 1047 kJ ( 250 kcal)/session . Cardiovascular fitness was measured with a multistage treadmill test , % BF with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry , and VAT with magnetic resonance imaging . RESULTS The increase in cardiovascular fitness in the high-intensity physical training group , but not in the moderate-intensity group , was significantly greater than that in the LSE alone group ( P = 0.009 ) ; no other comparisons of the 3 groups were significant . Compared with the LSE alone group , a group composed of subjects in both physical training groups combined who attended training sessions > or=2 d/wk showed favorable changes in cardiovascular fitness ( P < 0.001 ) , % BF ( P = 0.001 ) , and VAT ( P = 0.029 ) . We found no evidence that the high-intensity physical training was more effective than the moderate-intensity physical training in enhancing body composition . CONCLUSIONS The cardiovascular fitness of obese adolescents was significantly improved by physical training , especially high-intensity physical training . The physical training also reduced both visceral and total-body adiposity , but there was no clear effect of the intensity of physical training
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .