Vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a small but statistically significant improvement in ADHD total scores , inattention scores , hyperactivity scores , and behavior scores .
There was no statistically significant improvement in oppositional scores .
Reported adverse events in the vitamin D group were mild and not significantly different from the control group .
Vitamin D supplementation increased serum vitamin D levels and the ratio of patients with sufficient vitamin D levels .
Conclusions : Vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylpheni date appeared to reduce ADHD symptoms without serious adverse events , associated with improved vitamin D status .
Objective : A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) were conducted to assess the benefits and harms of vitamin D supplementation for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) patients .
Blood pressure changes associated with medication treatment of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of medications used in the treatment of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) on blood pressure and pulse . METHOD Subjects were those with DSM-III-R-/DSM-IV-diagnosed ADHD enrolled in placebo-controlled studies of 5 different medications for ADHD . Cardiovascular data from these studies of both stimulants ( methylpheni date , amphetamine compounds , pemoline ) and nonstimulants ( bupropion , desipramine ) were reanalyzed for baseline-to-endpoint active-treatment or placebo effects on blood pressure and heart rate . RESULTS There were 125 subjects with a mean + /- SD age of 39 + /- 9 years . In general , active drug treatment for ADHD compared to baseline was associated with several statistically significant changes in systolic blood pressure ( bupropion : + 5.9 mm Hg , p < .05 by paired t test ; amphetamine : + 5.4 mm Hg , p < .05 ) , diastolic blood pressure ( desipramine : + 7.1 mm Hg , p < .05 ) , and heart rate ( bupropion : + 6.9 mm Hg , p < .05 ; amphetamine : + 7.3 mm Hg , p < .05 ; methylpheni date : + 4.5 mm Hg , p < .05 ) . New-onset cases of systolic or diastolic hypertension ( blood pressure > or = 140/90 ) were recorded in 8 % ( 7/89 ) of placebo-treated subjects and 10 % ( 9/89 ) of subjects receiving active medication , regardless of the class ( stimulant , nonstimulant ) . CONCLUSION Both stimulant and nonstimulant catecholaminergic medications used in adults with ADHD are associated with minor , but statistically significant , changes in heart rate and blood pressure that were often observed in those receiving placebo . Given the minor pressor and chronotropic effect of these medications , adults with ADHD should have their blood pressure and heart rate checked at baseline and periodically during treatment
Vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a small but statistically significant improvement in ADHD total scores , inattention scores , hyperactivity scores , and behavior scores .
There was no statistically significant improvement in oppositional scores .
Reported adverse events in the vitamin D group were mild and not significantly different from the control group .
Vitamin D supplementation increased serum vitamin D levels and the ratio of patients with sufficient vitamin D levels .
Conclusions : Vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylpheni date appeared to reduce ADHD symptoms without serious adverse events , associated with improved vitamin D status .
Objective : A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) were conducted to assess the benefits and harms of vitamin D supplementation for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) patients .