In conclusion , bariatric surgery is associated with a reduction in specific adipokines including leptin , chemerin , and PAI-1 , whereas adiponectin is raised , adaptations that could be indicative of improved fat mass and function
Different adipokines secreted from adipose tissue , exert a range of physiological effects .
The aim of present systematic review and meta- analysis was to critically investigate the consequence of  bariatric surgery on circulating adipokines , that is , adiponectin , leptin , visfatin , resistin , plasminogen activator inhibitor , and chemerin .
Restoration of acute insulin response in T2DM subjects 1 month after biliopancreatic diversion.
OBJECTIVE Biliopancreatic diversion ( BPD ) restores normal glucose tolerance in a few weeks in morbid obese subjects with type 2 diabetes , improving insulin sensitivity . However , there is less known about the effects of BPD on insulin secretion . We tested the early effects of BPD on insulin secretion in obese subjects with and without type 2 diabetes . METHODS AND PROCEDURES Twenty-one consecutive morbid obese subjects , 9 with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) and 12 with normal fasting glucose ( NFG ) were evaluated , just before and 1 month after BPD , by measuring body weight ( BW ) , glucose , adipocitokines , homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) , acute insulin response ( AIR ) to e.v . glucose and the insulinogenic index adjusted for insulin resistance ( [DeltaI5/DeltaG5]/HOMA-IR ) . RESULTS Preoperatively , those with T2DM differed from those with NFG in showing higher levels of fasting glucose , reduced AIR ( 57.9 + /- 29.5 vs. 644.9 + /- 143.1 pmol/l , P < 0.01 ) and reduced adjusted insulinogenic index ( 1.0 + /- 0.5 vs. 17.6 + /- 3.9 1/mmol(2 ) , P < 0.001 ) . One month following BPD , in both groups BW was reduced ( by approximately 11 % ) , but all subjects were still severely obese ; HOMA-IR and leptin decreased significanlty , while high-molecular weight ( HMW ) adiponectin and adjusted insulinogenic index increased . In the T2DM group , fasting glucose returned to non-diabetic values . AIR did not change in the NFG group , while in the T2DM group it showed a significant increase ( from 58.0 + /- 29.5 to 273.8 + /- 47.2 pmol/l , P < 0.01 ) . In the T2DM group , the AIR percentage variation from baseline was significantly related to changes in fasting glucose ( r = 0.70 , P = 0.02 ) , suggesting an important relationship exists between impaired AIR and hyperglycaemia . DISCUSSION BPD is able to restore AIR in T2DM even just 1 month after surgery . AIR restoration is associated with normalization of fasting glucose concentrations
In conclusion , bariatric surgery is associated with a reduction in specific adipokines including leptin , chemerin , and PAI-1 , whereas adiponectin is raised , adaptations that could be indicative of improved fat mass and function
Different adipokines secreted from adipose tissue , exert a range of physiological effects .
The aim of present systematic review and meta- analysis was to critically investigate the consequence of  bariatric surgery on circulating adipokines , that is , adiponectin , leptin , visfatin , resistin , plasminogen activator inhibitor , and chemerin .