Bariatric surgery  significantly lowered inflammatory factors ; however , baseline BMI , follow-up duration and type of surgery could impact the extent of observed effects
Obesity is one of the main causes of inflammation .
Previous studies have reported inconclusive results regarding the effect of bariatric surgery on inflammatory markers .
This systematic review and meta- analysis is aim ed at describing the effect of bariatric surgery on C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) .
Independent association between inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and TNF-α) and essential hypertension
High blood pressure ( HBP ) has been associated with elevated C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , a marker of chronic mild inflammation . However , the association between HBP and other inflammatory markers , particularly interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) and tumour necrosis alpha ( TNF-α ) , has not been evaluated in well-controlled studies . We examined the cross-sectional relationship between IL-6 , TNF-α , and CRP and HBP in a r and om sample of 196 healthy subjects . All markers were measured in duplicate with high-sensitivity ELISA tests . Three blood pressure ( BP ) measurments were averaged for the analysis , and subjects with systolic BP ⩾140 and /or diastolic BP ⩾90 mmHg were considered hypertensive . Log binomial regression was used to estimate multivariate-adjusted prevalence ratios ( PR ) of HBP . Of the subjects , 40 % ( 79 ) were hypertensive ( mean age : 44 years ; range 30–64 ) . After adjustment for age , sex , body mass index , family history of HBP , and the level of the other inflammatory markers , subjects in the second ( PR : 3.10 , P=0.003 ) , third ( PR : 2.32 ; P=0.031 ) , and fourth quartiles ( PR : 2.30 ; P=0.036 ) of IL-6 were more than twice as likely to be hypertensive than those in the first quartile . Corresponding PR estimates for TNF-α levels were 1.41 ( P=0.014 ) for the second ; 1.59 ( P=0.001 ) for the third ; and 1.61 ( P=0.025 ) for the fourth quartile . The CRP – HBP association was not statistically significant . Our results suggest that TNF-α and IL-6 could be independent risk factors for HBP in apparently healthy subjects . Nevertheless , the temporal relationship between elevated inflammation markers and HBP should be ascertained in prospect i ve cohort studies
Bariatric surgery  significantly lowered inflammatory factors ; however , baseline BMI , follow-up duration and type of surgery could impact the extent of observed effects
Obesity is one of the main causes of inflammation .
Previous studies have reported inconclusive results regarding the effect of bariatric surgery on inflammatory markers .
This systematic review and meta- analysis is aim ed at describing the effect of bariatric surgery on C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) .