None of the trials individually found any statistically significant difference in the incidence of NEC .
However , meta- analysis found that feeding with donor human milk was associated with a significantly reduced relative risk ( RR ) of NEC .
OBJECTIVES To determine if enteral feeding with donor human milk compared with formula milk reduces the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis ( NEC ) in preterm or low birthweight infants .
Effect of Human Milk or Formula on Gastric Function and Fat Digestion in the Premature Infant1
The effect of diet , human milk or formula , on gastric function ( lipase and pepsin activity , pH , and volume ) and intragastric digestion of fat was assessed in 28 appropriate for gestational age preterm infants ( gestational age , 28.9 ± 1.4 , 29.1 ± 0.9 , 29.5 ± 0.6 wk ; birth weight , 1.00 ± 0.14 to 1.18 ± 0.07 kg ) . The infants were fed either human milk ( n = 11 ) , SMA Super Preemie formula ( n = 9 ) , or Similac , Special Care formula ( n = 8) . Fasting and postpr and ial activity of digestive enzymes , pH , and gastric volume ( measured before or during 50 min after gavage feeding ) did not differ as a function of diet among the three groups of infants . Gastric lipase output , 23.1 ± 5.1 , 28.3± 6.6 , and 22.5 ± 6.4 ( U/kg of body weight ) in human milk- , SMA SP- , or Similac SC-fed infants was comparable to the gastric lipase output of healthy adults fed a high fat diet ( 22.6 ± 3.0 ) . Pepsin output was , however , significantly lower ( 597 ± 77 , 743 ± 97 , and 639± 142 U/kg of body weight ) in human milk- , SMA SP- , and Similac SC-fed infants ) than in healthy adults ( 3352 ± 753 U/kg ) . The hydrolysis of dietary fat was 1.7 - 2.5-fold higher ( p < 0.01 ) in human milk-fed infants than in infants fed either formula . We conclude that differences in type of feeding , i.e. different fatty acid profiles(long chain or medium chain triglycerides ) , different emulsions ( natural or artificial ) , and different fat particle sizes do not affect the level of activity of gastric enzymes . However , the triglyceride within milk fat globules appears to be more accessible to gastric lipase than that within formula fat particles . We suggest that the contribution of gastric lipase to overall fat digestion might be greater in the newborn ( a period of pancreatic insufficiency ) than in the adult
None of the trials individually found any statistically significant difference in the incidence of NEC .
However , meta- analysis found that feeding with donor human milk was associated with a significantly reduced relative risk ( RR ) of NEC .
OBJECTIVES To determine if enteral feeding with donor human milk compared with formula milk reduces the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis ( NEC ) in preterm or low birthweight infants .