Small effect sizes and potentially transient effect were reported in some studies , and some review ers noted that durability of intervention impact was potentially sensitive to duration of intervention and adherence to behaviour change .
Behaviour change , vascular disease and mortality outcome data were infrequently reported , and evidence of the impact of intervention on these outcomes was minimal .
Relatively long- duration lifestyle interventions can limit or delay progression to diabetes under trial conditions .
However , outcomes from more time-limited interventions , and those applied in routine clinical setting s , appear more variable , in keeping with the findings of recent pragmatic trials .
There is little evidence of intervention impact on vascular outcomes or mortality end points in any context . '
Real-world ' implementation of lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention may be expected to lead to modest outcomes
OBJECTIVES To review the clinical outcomes of combined diet and physical activity interventions for population s at high risk of type 2 diabetes .
Randomised controlled trial evaluating lifestyle interventions in people with impaired glucose tolerance.
AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in people with impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT ) . METHODS Participants with IGT ( n=78 ) , diagnosed on two consecutive oral glucose tolerance tests ( OGTTs ) , were r and omly assigned to a 2-year lifestyle intervention or to a control group . Main outcome measures were changes from baseline in : nutrient intake ; physical activity ; anthropometry , glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity . Measurements were repeated at 6 , 12 and 24 months follow-up . RESULTS After 24 months follow-up , there was a significant fall in total fat consumption ( difference in change between groups ( Delta intervention-Delta control)= -17.9 , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) -33.6 to -2.1g/day ) as a result of the intervention . Body mass was significantly lower in the intervention group compared with controls after 6 months ( -1.6 , 95 % CI -2.9 to -0.4 kg ) and 24 months ( -3.3 , 95 % CI -5.7 to -0.89 kg ) . Whole body insulin sensitivity , assessed by the short insulin tolerance test ( ITT ) , improved after 12 months in the intervention group ( 0.52 , 95 % CI 0.15 - 0.89%/min ) . CONCLUSIONS These findings complement the findings of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study and the American Diabetes Prevention Study , both of which tested intensive interventions , by showing that pragmatic lifestyle interventions result in improvements in obesity and whole body insulin sensitivity in individuals with IGT , without change in other cardiovascular risk factors
Small effect sizes and potentially transient effect were reported in some studies , and some review ers noted that durability of intervention impact was potentially sensitive to duration of intervention and adherence to behaviour change .
Behaviour change , vascular disease and mortality outcome data were infrequently reported , and evidence of the impact of intervention on these outcomes was minimal .
Relatively long- duration lifestyle interventions can limit or delay progression to diabetes under trial conditions .
However , outcomes from more time-limited interventions , and those applied in routine clinical setting s , appear more variable , in keeping with the findings of recent pragmatic trials .
There is little evidence of intervention impact on vascular outcomes or mortality end points in any context . '
Real-world ' implementation of lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention may be expected to lead to modest outcomes
OBJECTIVES To review the clinical outcomes of combined diet and physical activity interventions for population s at high risk of type 2 diabetes .