The majority of studies were observational in nature and showed a reduction in energy intake following surgery , as well as inadequate intakes of micronutrients and protein , and an excessive intake of fats .
There was evidence of nutrient imbalances , suboptimal compliance with multivitamin and mineral supplementation , and limited follow-up of patients .
The current evidence base suggests that despite being effective in reducing energy intake , bariatric surgery can result in unbalanced diets , inadequate micronutrient and protein intakes , and excessive intakes of fats .
In combination with suboptimal adherence to multivitamin and mineral supplementation , this may contribute to nutritional deficiencies and weight regain .
Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for morbid obesity .
These procedures change the gastrointestinal system with the aim of reducing dietary intake .
Improving diet quality is essential in maintaining nutritional health and achieving long-term benefits from the surgery .
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between bariatric surgery and diet quality at least 1 year after surgery .
A New Questionnaire for Quick Assessment of Food Tolerance after Bariatric Surgery
Background Bariatric surgery is often associated with reduced food tolerance and sometimes frequent vomiting , which influence quality of life , but are not included in the overall evaluation of these procedures , notably the BAROS . Our aim was to develop a simple question naire to evaluate food tolerance during follow-up visits . Methods A one-page question naire including questions about overall satisfaction regarding quality of alimentation , timing of eating over the day , tolerance to several types of food , and frequency of vomiting/ regurgitation was developed . A composite score was derived from this question naire , giving a score of 1 to 27.Validation was performed with a group of nonobese adults and a group of morbidly obese nonoperated patients . Patients were administered the question naire at follow-up visits since January 1999 . Data were collected prospect ively . Results It takes 1–2 minutes to fill out the question naire . Food tolerance is worse in the morbidly obese population compared with non-obese adults ( 24.2 vs 25.2 , P=0.004 ) . Following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass , food tolerance is reduced after 3 months ( 21.2 ) , but becomes comparable to that of the normal population and remains so at 1 year postoperatively . Following gastric b and ing , food tolerance is already significantly reduced after 3 months ( 22.3 ) , and worsens continuously over time ( 19.03 after 7 years ) . In the gastric b and ing population , the decision to adjust the b and is based at least partially on food tolerance , and the question naire proved helpful in that respect . Conclusion Our new question naire proved very easy to use , and helpful in day-to-day practice , especially after gastric b and ing . It was also helpful in comparing food tolerance over time after surgery , and in comparing food tolerance between procedures . Evaluation of food tolerance should be part of the overall evaluation of the results after bariatric surgery
The majority of studies were observational in nature and showed a reduction in energy intake following surgery , as well as inadequate intakes of micronutrients and protein , and an excessive intake of fats .
There was evidence of nutrient imbalances , suboptimal compliance with multivitamin and mineral supplementation , and limited follow-up of patients .
The current evidence base suggests that despite being effective in reducing energy intake , bariatric surgery can result in unbalanced diets , inadequate micronutrient and protein intakes , and excessive intakes of fats .
In combination with suboptimal adherence to multivitamin and mineral supplementation , this may contribute to nutritional deficiencies and weight regain .
Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for morbid obesity .
These procedures change the gastrointestinal system with the aim of reducing dietary intake .
Improving diet quality is essential in maintaining nutritional health and achieving long-term benefits from the surgery .
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between bariatric surgery and diet quality at least 1 year after surgery .