There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
A Multihealth Behavior Intervention Integrating Physical Activity and Substance Use Prevention for Adolescents
The primary purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of a brief , multi-health behavior intervention integrating physical activity and alcohol use prevention messages for high school-aged adolescents . A total of 604 participants , 335 9th and 269 11th grade students from a suburban high school in northeast Florida participated in this study . A r and omized control trial was conducted with participants r and omly assigned within grade levels to receive either a brief consultation and prescription with a mailed reinforcing follow-up flyer ( Project SPORT ) or a minimal intervention control consisting of a wellness brochure provided in school and a pamphlet about teen health and fitness mailed to the home . Differences between intervention groups were evaluated with a series of MANCOVA tests . Project SPORT participants demonstrated significant positive effects at 3-months postintervention for alcohol consumption , alcohol initiation behaviors , alcohol use risk and protective factors , drug use behaviors , and exercise habits , and at 12-months for alcohol use risk and protective factors , cigarette use , and cigarette initiation ( p 's < 0.05 ) . A post hoc analysis examining interactions between past 30-day use of marijuana and /or cigarettes by treatment group indicates significant positive effects for drug using adolescents who received Project SPORT on alcohol consumption , drug use behaviors , and drug use initiation at 3-months , and for drug use behaviors and exercise habits at 12-months ( p 's < 0.05 ) . A brief , 12-min one-on-one consultation integrating alcohol avoidance messages within those promoting fitness and other positive health behaviors holds promise for influencing adolescent alcohol and cigarette use and other health behaviors at posttreatment and 1 year later . Long-term sustained effects for cigarette and marijuana use , and both vigorous and moderate physical activity , were found among adolescents using marijuana and /or cigarettes prior to intervention
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .