Several specific population interventions that achieved a Class I or IIa recommendation with grade A or B evidence were identified , providing a set of specific evidence -based strategies that deserve close attention and prioritization for wider implementation .
Effective interventions included specific approaches in all 6 domains evaluated for improving diet , increasing activity , and reducing tobacco use .
The writing group also identified several specific interventions in each of these domains for which current evidence was less robust , as well as other inconsistencies and evidence gaps , informing the need for further rigorous and interdisciplinary approaches to evaluate population programs and policies .
This systematic review identified and grade d the evidence for a range of population -based strategies to promote lifestyle change .
BACKGROUND Poor lifestyle behaviors , including suboptimal diet , physical inactivity , and tobacco use , are leading causes of preventable diseases globally .
Although even modest population shifts in risk substantially alter health outcomes , the optimal population -level approaches to improve lifestyle are not well established .
Telephone counseling for smoking cessation: effects of single-session and multiple-session interventions.
Smokers ( N = 3,030 ) were r and omized to receive 1 of 3 interventions : ( a ) a self-help quit kit , ( b ) a quit kit plus 1 telephone counseling session , or ( c ) a quit kit plus up to 6 telephone counseling sessions , scheduled according to relapse probability . Both counseling groups achieved significantly higher abstinence rates than the self-help group . The rates for having quit for at least 12 months by intention to treat were 5.4 % for self-help , 7.5 % for single counseling , and 9.9 % for multiple counseling . The 12-month continuous abstinence rates for those who made a quit attempt were 14.7 % for self-help , 19.8 % for single counseling , and 26.7 % for multiple counseling . A dose-response relation was observed , as multiple sessions produced significantly higher abstinence rates than a single session . The first week after quitting seems to be the critical period for intervention
Several specific population interventions that achieved a Class I or IIa recommendation with grade A or B evidence were identified , providing a set of specific evidence -based strategies that deserve close attention and prioritization for wider implementation .
Effective interventions included specific approaches in all 6 domains evaluated for improving diet , increasing activity , and reducing tobacco use .
The writing group also identified several specific interventions in each of these domains for which current evidence was less robust , as well as other inconsistencies and evidence gaps , informing the need for further rigorous and interdisciplinary approaches to evaluate population programs and policies .
This systematic review identified and grade d the evidence for a range of population -based strategies to promote lifestyle change .
BACKGROUND Poor lifestyle behaviors , including suboptimal diet , physical inactivity , and tobacco use , are leading causes of preventable diseases globally .
Although even modest population shifts in risk substantially alter health outcomes , the optimal population -level approaches to improve lifestyle are not well established .