The Frailty Index was examined in almost all these dimensions , with the exception of reliability , and its diagnostic and predictive characteristics were shown to be satisfactory .
Gait speed showed high sensitivity , but only moderate specificity , and excellent predictive ability for future disability in activities of daily living .
The Tilburg Frailty Indicator was shown to be a reliable and valid measure for frailty screening , but its diagnostic accuracy was not evaluated .
Screening Letter , Timed-up- and -go test and PRISMA 7 ( Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review s and Meta-Analyses ) demonstrated high sensitivity and moderate specificity for identifying frailty .
In general , low physical activity , variously measured , was one of the most powerful predictors of future decline in activities of daily living .
Conclusion Only a few frailty measures seem to be demonstrably valid , reliable and diagnostically accurate , and have good predictive ability .
Nevertheless , it was clear that no suitable tool for assessing frailty appropriately in emergency departments was identified
Background A scoping search identified systematic review s on diagnostic accuracy and predictive ability of frailty measures in older adults .
In most cases , research was confined to specific assessment measures related to a specific clinical model .
Objectives To summarize the best available evidence from systematic review s in relation to reliability , validity , diagnostic accuracy and predictive ability of frailty measures in older adults .
Prevalence and impact of frailty on mortality in elderly ICU patients: a prospective, multicenter, observational study
Purpose Frailty is a recent concept used for evaluating elderly individuals . Our study determined the prevalence of frailty in intensive care unit ( ICU ) patients and its impact on the rate of mortality . Methods A multicenter , prospect i ve , observational study performed in four ICUs in France included 196 patients aged ≥65 years hospitalized for > 24 h during a 6-month study period . Frailty was determined using the frailty  phenotype ( FP ) and the  clinical frailty score  ( CFS ) . The patients were separated as follows : FP score <3 or ≥3 and CFS < 5 or ≥5 . Results Frailty was observed in 41 and 23 % of patients on the basis of an FP score ≥3 and a CFS ≥5 , respectively . At admission to the ICU , the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II ( SAPS II ) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment ( SOFA ) scores did not differ between the frail and nonfrail patients . In the multivariate analysis , the risk factors for ICU mortality were FP score ≥3 [ hazard ratio ( HR ) , 3.3 ; 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) , 1.6–6.6 ; p < 0.001 ] , male gender ( HR , 2.4 ; 95 % CI , 1.1–5.3 ; p = 0.026 ) , cardiac arrest before admission ( HR , 2.8 ; 95 % CI , 1.1–7.4 ; p = 0.036 ) , SAPS II score ≥46 ( HR , 2.6 ; 95 % CI , 1.2–5.3 ; p = 0.011 ) , and brain injury before admission ( HR , 3.5 ; 95 % CI , 1.6–7.7 ; p = 0.002 ) . The risk factors for 6-month mortality were a CFS ≥5 ( HR , 2.4 ; 95 % CI , 1.49–3.87 ; p < 0.001 ) and a SOFA score ≥7 ( HR , 2.2 ; 95 % CI , 1.35–3.64 ; p = 0.002 ) . An increased CFS was associated with significant incremental hospital and 6-month mortalities . Conclusions Frailty is a frequent occurrence and is independently associated with increased ICU and 6-month mortalities . Notably , the CFS predicts outcomes more effectively than the commonly used ICU illness scores
The Frailty Index was examined in almost all these dimensions , with the exception of reliability , and its diagnostic and predictive characteristics were shown to be satisfactory .
Gait speed showed high sensitivity , but only moderate specificity , and excellent predictive ability for future disability in activities of daily living .
The Tilburg Frailty Indicator was shown to be a reliable and valid measure for frailty screening , but its diagnostic accuracy was not evaluated .
Screening Letter , Timed-up- and -go test and PRISMA 7 ( Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review s and Meta-Analyses ) demonstrated high sensitivity and moderate specificity for identifying frailty .
In general , low physical activity , variously measured , was one of the most powerful predictors of future decline in activities of daily living .
Conclusion Only a few frailty measures seem to be demonstrably valid , reliable and diagnostically accurate , and have good predictive ability .
Nevertheless , it was clear that no suitable tool for assessing frailty appropriately in emergency departments was identified
Background A scoping search identified systematic review s on diagnostic accuracy and predictive ability of frailty measures in older adults .
In most cases , research was confined to specific assessment measures related to a specific clinical model .
Objectives To summarize the best available evidence from systematic review s in relation to reliability , validity , diagnostic accuracy and predictive ability of frailty measures in older adults .