Some studies suggest that testosterone therapy has additional effects , which include increased bone mineral density and decreased serum high-density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol .
The clinical sequelae of oestrogen deficiency during menopause are undoubted .
However , the pathophysiological role of testosterone during the menopause is less clear .
Several r and omized , placebo-controlled clinical trials suggest that testosterone therapy improves sexual function in postmenopausal women .
Efficacy of vaginally applied estrogen, testosterone, or polyacrylic acid on vaginal atrophy: a randomized controlled trial
Objective : Vaginal atrophy is a common chronic condition among postmenopausal women that can affect their quality of life . Recent studies have evaluated new treatment alternatives for vaginal atrophy ; however , few therapeutic options have been thoroughly evaluated . This study aim ed to compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of estrogen , testosterone , polyacrylic acid , and placebo lubricant for the treatment of postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy . Methods : We conducted a r and omized clinical trial with 80 postmenopausal women aged between 40 and 70 years who were being followed up at the Menopause Clinic of CAISM UNICAMP between November 2011 and January 2013 . Women were r and omly assigned to topical vaginal treatment with estrogen , testosterone , polyacrylic acid , and placebo lubricant , three times a week for 12 weeks . We used the vaginal maturation index , pH , vaginal health score , vaginal flora , laboratory tests , and ultrasound to evaluate changes of vaginal atrophy at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment . Results : After a 12-week treatment with topical estrogen and testosterone compared with the lubricant , an increased percentage of participants had vaginal pH less than 5 , increased vaginal score , and an increase in the number of lactobacilli . Treatment with topical estrogen improved the vaginal maturation index and showed increased levels of estradiol in three women . No changes were observed in the endometrial evaluation of all treatment groups . Conclusions : After a 12-week treatment with testosterone and estrogen compared with placebo lubrication , there was a significant improvement in vaginal trophism in postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy
Some studies suggest that testosterone therapy has additional effects , which include increased bone mineral density and decreased serum high-density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol .
The clinical sequelae of oestrogen deficiency during menopause are undoubted .
However , the pathophysiological role of testosterone during the menopause is less clear .
Several r and omized , placebo-controlled clinical trials suggest that testosterone therapy improves sexual function in postmenopausal women .