In conclusion , this review highlights the benefits of bariatric surgery in reducing or eliminating risk factors for CVD .
It provides further evidence to support surgical treatment of obesity to achieve CVD risk reduction
Obesity is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular ( CV ) disease ( CVD ) and CV mortality .
Bariatric surgery has been shown to resolve or improve CVD risk factors , to varying degrees .
The objective of this systematic review was to determine the impact of bariatric surgery on CV risk factors and mortality .
A systematic review of the published research was performed to evaluate evidence regarding CV outcomes in morbidly obese bariatric patients .
Effective lipid modification by partial ileal bypass reduced long-term coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity: five-year posttrial follow-up report from the POSCH. Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias.
BACKGROUND In 1990 , when the Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias ( POSCH ) reported its in-trial results strongly supporting the conclusion that effective lipid modification reduces progression of atherosclerosis , the differences for the end points of overall mortality and mortality from atherosclerotic coronary heart disease ( ACHD ) did not reach statistical significance . METHODS The Program on the Surgical Control of the  Hyperlipidemias recruited men and women with a single documented myocardial infa rct ion between the ages of 30 and 64 years who had a plasma cholesterol level higher than 5.69 mmol/L ( 220 mg/dL ) or higher than 5.17 mmol/L ( 200 mg/dL ) if the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was in excess of 3.62 mmol/L ( 140 mg/dL ) . Between 1975 and 1983 , 838 patients were r and omized : 417 to the diet control group and 421 to the diet plus partial ileal bypass intervention group .  Mean patient follow-up for this 5-year posttrial report was 14.7 years ( range , 12.2 - 20 years ) . RESULTS At 5 years after the trial , statistical significance was obtained for differences in overall mortality ( P = .049 ) and mortality from ACHD ( P = .03 ) . Other POSCH end points included overall mortality ( left ventricular ejection fraction > or = 50 % ) ( P = .01 ) , mortality from ACHD ( left ventricular ejection fraction > or = 50 % ) ( P = .05 ) , mortality from ACHD and confirmed nonfatal myocardial infa rct ion ( P<.001 ) , confirmed nonfatal myocardial infa rct ion ( P<.001 ) , mortality from ACHD , confirmed and suspected myocardial infa rct ion and unstable angina ( P<.001 ) , incidence of coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ( P<.001 ) , and onset of clinical peripheral vascular disease ( P = .02 ) . There were no statistically significant differences between groups for cerebrovascular events , mortality from non-ACHD , and cancer .  All POSCH patients have been available for follow-up . CONCLUSION At 5 years after the trial , all POSCH mortality and atherosclerosis end points , including overall mortality and mortality from ACHD , demonstrated statistically significant differences between the study groups
In conclusion , this review highlights the benefits of bariatric surgery in reducing or eliminating risk factors for CVD .
It provides further evidence to support surgical treatment of obesity to achieve CVD risk reduction
Obesity is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular ( CV ) disease ( CVD ) and CV mortality .
Bariatric surgery has been shown to resolve or improve CVD risk factors , to varying degrees .
The objective of this systematic review was to determine the impact of bariatric surgery on CV risk factors and mortality .
A systematic review of the published research was performed to evaluate evidence regarding CV outcomes in morbidly obese bariatric patients .