Evidence of fair method ological quality suggests that walking is associated with significant improvements in outcome compared with control interventions but longer-term effectiveness is uncertain .
With the use of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force system , walking can be recommended as an effective form of exercise or activity for individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain but should be supplemented with strategies aim ed at maintaining participation .
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review the evidence examining effects of walking interventions on  pain and self-reported function in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain .
Changes associated with a quota-based approach on a walking program for individuals with fibromyalgia.
STUDY DESIGN Single-subject , multiple-baseline design across 3 subjects . OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of a quota-based approach to prescribing a walking program for individuals with fibromyalgia ( FM ) . BACKGROUND Exercise has been found to be beneficial for individuals with FM . What has not been determined is the best way to implement an exercise program that does not increase FM symptoms . METHODS AND MEASURES Three women with FM were r and omly assigned a baseline period of 5 , 6 , or 7 weeks , which served as the control phase , followed by an intervention period consisting of an 8-week walking program . The walking program progression was prescribed using a quota-based approach . Weekly outcome measures were the Fibromyalgia Impact Question naire ( FIQ ) , Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale ( ASES ) , and SF-36v2 ( acute ) . A 6-minute walk test was recorded twice : at the start of the baseline phase ( after a trial phase ) and at the end of the intervention phase . RESULTS Subjects 1 and 3 had a significant decrease in the symptoms associated with FM during the intervention phase ( FIQ , P<.05 ) , but no significant increase in self-efficacy ( ASES ) . They increased their walking distances used for exercise by 640 and 480 m , respectively . Subject 2 had no significant improvements in her symptoms of FM . Despite a significant decrease in ASES ( P<.05 ) , walking distance used for exercise by subject 2 increased by 2080 m. Six-minute walk test distances increased 76 , 32 , and 106 m for subjects 1 , 2 , and 3 , respectively . CONCLUSIONS Prescribing a walking program using a quota-based exercise prescription result ed in increasing the distance walked for 3 subjects . It also decreased symptoms associated with FM in 2 of the 3 subjects , but did not increase self-efficacy
Evidence of fair method ological quality suggests that walking is associated with significant improvements in outcome compared with control interventions but longer-term effectiveness is uncertain .
With the use of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force system , walking can be recommended as an effective form of exercise or activity for individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain but should be supplemented with strategies aim ed at maintaining participation .
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review the evidence examining effects of walking interventions on  pain and self-reported function in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain .