Limited evidence was also found for a causal relationship between  computer work per se and computer mouse time related to tension neck syndrome , but the evidence for keyboard time was insufficient .
Insufficient evidence was found for an association between other musculoskeletal diagnoses of the neck and upper extremities , including shoulder tendonitis and epicondylitis , and any aspect of computer work .
Conclusions There is limited epidemiological evidence for an association between aspects of computer work and some of the clinical diagnoses studied .
Background This review examines the evidence for an association between  computer work and neck and upper extremity disorders ( except carpal tunnel syndrome ) .
Computer users' risk factors for developing shoulder, elbow and back symptoms.
OBJECTIVES This prospect i ve study concentrated on determining factors of computer work that predict  musculoskeletal symptoms in the shoulder , elbow , and low-back regions . METHODS A question naire on ergonomics , work pauses , work techniques , and psychosocial and work factors was delivered to 5033 office workers at baseline in early 1999 ( response rate 69 % ) and to 3361 respondents at the time of the follow-up in late 2000 ( response rate 77 % ) . An increased frequency or intensity of symptoms was the outcome variable , including only nonsymptomatic respondents from the baseline question naire ( symptom frequency below 8 days within the last 12 months or intensity score below 4 within the last 3 months ) . RESULTS In the follow-up , 10 % , 18 % , and 23 % had symptoms more often in the elbow , shoulder , and low back , respectively , and 14 % , 20 % , and 22 % had more intense symptoms .  Women were more likely to be afflicted than men in all regions . In the full-fit multivariate logistic regression analysis , little influence on the timing of a rest pause and being disturbed by glare or reflection were significant predictors of shoulder symptoms , screen below eye height was a significant predictor for elbow symptoms , and previous symptoms was a significant predictor for symptoms in all regions . Computer worktime and psychosocial dimensions were not significant predictors . CONCLUSIONS Influence on work pauses , reduction of glare or reflection , and screen height are important factors in the design of future computer workstations . Since previous symptoms was a significant predictor of recurrent symptoms in all three regions under study , it can be concluded that musculoskeletal symptoms are persistent
Limited evidence was also found for a causal relationship between  computer work per se and computer mouse time related to tension neck syndrome , but the evidence for keyboard time was insufficient .
Insufficient evidence was found for an association between other musculoskeletal diagnoses of the neck and upper extremities , including shoulder tendonitis and epicondylitis , and any aspect of computer work .
Conclusions There is limited epidemiological evidence for an association between aspects of computer work and some of the clinical diagnoses studied .
Background This review examines the evidence for an association between  computer work and neck and upper extremity disorders ( except carpal tunnel syndrome ) .