Less frequently reported were quality of life , patient satisfaction , self-care , and healthcare utilization .
Most care management modalities were carved out from primary care .
Conclusions Most care management programs for patients with type 2 diabetes are ' carved-out ' , accomplish limited effects on metabolic outcomes , and have unknown effects on patient important outcomes .
Background This systematic review and meta- analysis aims at assessing the composition and performance of care management models evaluated in the last decade and their impact on patient important outcomes .
A randomized trial comparing intensive and passive education in patients with diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND Patient education is a cornerstone of treatment in diabetes mellitus , but there is not unanimity of opinion as to how it should be delivered . OBJECTIVE To determine whether a single , intensive group educational program would improve glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA(1c ) ) levels when compared with passive education . METHODS A total of 106 patients with HbA(1c ) levels greater than 8.5 % were r and omized to either an intensive ( n = 50 ) or a passive education ( n = 56 ) group . The intensive education group received 3.5 days of a structured curriculum involving a physician , nurse , nutritionist , pharmacist , exercise physiologist , and a social worker . The passive education group received material sent by mail every 3 months providing basic information on topics related to diabetes management . Patients continued care with their diabetes care provider during the study period . Levels of HbA(1c ) were measured at baseline and 3 , 6 , and 12 months after r and omization . A matched control group of individuals who declined participation also had HbA(1c ) levels measured at baseline and 12 months . RESULTS Mean + /- SD HbA(1c ) levels fell significantly ( P<.001 ) from baseline ( 9.9 % + /- 1.3 % ) in both the intensive ( -2.0 % ) and passive ( -1.9 % ) education groups at 12 months , and there was no difference between the groups at any evaluation time . Both groups had significantly greater decline ( P<.03 ) in HbA(1c ) levels than a matched control group ( -1.2 % ) with similar baseline HbA(1c ) levels that did not receive education . CONCLUSIONS Patients with elevated HbA(1c ) levels  who were receptive to education had substantial improvement in HbA(1c ) levels after receiving an educational intervention . In this population , intensive or passive methods of delivering patient education seemed to have similar effect on improving glycemic control
Less frequently reported were quality of life , patient satisfaction , self-care , and healthcare utilization .
Most care management modalities were carved out from primary care .
Conclusions Most care management programs for patients with type 2 diabetes are ' carved-out ' , accomplish limited effects on metabolic outcomes , and have unknown effects on patient important outcomes .
Background This systematic review and meta- analysis aims at assessing the composition and performance of care management models evaluated in the last decade and their impact on patient important outcomes .