Evidence from trials with vitamin D and /or calcium supplementation suggests that combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation may have a role in the prevention of type 2 DM only in population s at high risk ( i.e. glucose intolerance ) .
Vitamin D and calcium insufficiency may negatively influence glycemia , whereas combined supplementation with both nutrients may be beneficial in optimizing glucose metabolism
CONTEXT Altered vitamin D and calcium homeostasis may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( type 2 DM ) .
Calcium and dairy acceleration of weight and fat loss during energy restriction in obese adults.
OBJECTIVE Increasing 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in response to low-calcium diets stimulates adipocyte Ca2 + influx and , as a consequence , stimulates lipogenesis , suppresses lipolysis , and increases lipid accumulation , whereas increasing dietary calcium inhibits these effects and markedly accelerates fat loss in mice subjected to caloric restriction . Our objective was to determine the effects of increasing dietary calcium in the face of caloric restriction in humans . RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES We performed a r and omized , placebo-controlled trial in 32 obese adults . Patients were maintained for 24 weeks on balanced deficit diets ( 500 kcal/d deficit ) and r and omized to a st and ard diet ( 400 to 500 mg of dietary calcium/d supplemented with placebo ) , a high-calcium diet ( st and ard diet supplemented with 800 mg of calcium/d ) , or high-dairy diet ( 1200 to 1300 mg of dietary calcium/d supplemented with placebo ) . RESULTS Patients assigned to the st and ard diet lost 6.4 + /- 2.5 % of their body weight , which was increased by 26 % ( to 8.6 + /- 1.1 % ) on the high-calcium diet and 70 % ( to 10.9 + /- 1.6 % of body weight ) on the high-dairy diet ( p < 0.01 ) . Fat loss was similarly augmented by the high-calcium and high-dairy diets , by 38 % and 64 % , respectively ( p < 0.01 ) . Moreover , fat loss from the trunk region represented 19.0 + /- 7.9 % of total fat loss on the low-calcium diet , and this fraction was increased to 50.1 + /- 6.4 % and 66.2 + /- 3.0 % on the high-calcium and high-dairy diets , respectively ( p < 0.001 ) . DISCUSSION Increasing dietary calcium significantly augmented weight and fat loss secondary to caloric restriction and increased the percentage of fat lost from the trunk region , whereas dairy products exerted a substantially greater effect
Evidence from trials with vitamin D and /or calcium supplementation suggests that combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation may have a role in the prevention of type 2 DM only in population s at high risk ( i.e. glucose intolerance ) .
Vitamin D and calcium insufficiency may negatively influence glycemia , whereas combined supplementation with both nutrients may be beneficial in optimizing glucose metabolism
CONTEXT Altered vitamin D and calcium homeostasis may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( type 2 DM ) .