Conclusion Overall , our findings do not support the presence of a secondary loss of strength following an acute muscle injury , and strongly suggest that strength , on average , recovers steadily over the first 3 days post-injury
Background An immediate loss of strength follows virtually all types of muscle injury but there is debate whether the initial strength loss is maximal or if a secondary loss of strength occurs during the first 3 days post-injury .
Objective The objective of this analysis was to conduct a systematic review and meta- analysis of the research literature to determine if a secondary loss of strength occurs after an injurious initiating event .
Dehydration and symptoms of delayed-onset muscle soreness in normothermic men.
CONTEXT A dehydrated individual who performs eccentric exercise  may exacerbate skeletal muscle damage , leading to structural , contractile , and enzymatic protein denaturation , in addition to the myofiber and connective damage result ing from the eccentric muscle tension . OBJECTIVE To identify the effects of dehydration on 5 physiologic characteristics of  delayed-onset muscle soreness ( DOMS ) in normothermic men after an eccentric exercise perturbation . DESIGN R and omized group test-retest design . SETTING Laboratory . PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Ten healthy male volunteers r and omly assigned to either a euhydration ( age = 26.2 + /- 4.9 years , height = 174.1 + /- 6.0 cm , mass = 86.5 + /- 15.3 kg ) or dehydration ( age = 25.8 + /- 2.2 years , height = 177.2 + /- 3.1 cm , mass = 84.4 + /- 3.8 kg ) group . INTERVENTION(S ) Subjects performed treadmill walking for 45 minutes in either a thermoneutral ( euhydration ) or a hot , humid ( dehydration ) environment . After a rest period to allow for return to the normothermic condition , DOMS was induced with a 45-minute downhill run . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We assessed 5 physiologic characteristics of DOMS before and at intervals after the eccentric exercise . The characteristics were perceived pain of the bilateral quadriceps and overall body , bilateral punctate tenderness of the superficial quadriceps muscles , bilateral knee-flexion passive range of motion , bilateral thigh circumference , and bilateral isometric quadriceps muscle strength . Thermoregulatory and cardiovascular measures were obtained to monitor participants ' heat load during exercise . RESULTS The experimental protocol produced a 0.9 % increase in body mass of the euhydration group and a significant 2.7 % decrease in body mass of the dehydration group . The downhill-running exercise perturbation induced DOMS in both the euhydrated and dehydrated participants , based on increased bilateral quadriceps and overall body perceived pain and punctate tenderness of the bilateral vastus medialis muscle . The signs and symptoms of DOMS after an eccentric exercise perturbation were not exacerbated by moderate dehydration of 2.7 % body mass after rest and return to the normothermic condition . CONCLUSIONS Significantly dehydrated participants who rested and returned to a normothermic condition did not experience increased characteristics of DOMS
Conclusion Overall , our findings do not support the presence of a secondary loss of strength following an acute muscle injury , and strongly suggest that strength , on average , recovers steadily over the first 3 days post-injury
Background An immediate loss of strength follows virtually all types of muscle injury but there is debate whether the initial strength loss is maximal or if a secondary loss of strength occurs during the first 3 days post-injury .
Objective The objective of this analysis was to conduct a systematic review and meta- analysis of the research literature to determine if a secondary loss of strength occurs after an injurious initiating event .