Summary Sedentary behaviour is associated with lower cognitive performance , although the attributable risk of sedentary time to all-cause dementia incidence is unclear .
Our systematic review provides evidence that limiting sedentary time and concomitantly engaging in regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may best promote healthy cognitive ageing
Aim The increasing rate of all-cause dementia worldwide and the lack of effective pharmaceutical treatments emphasise the value of lifestyle approaches as prevention strategies .
Emerging evidence suggests sedentary behaviour is associated with impaired cognitive function .
A better underst and ing of this association would significantly add to our knowledge of how to best promote healthy cognitive ageing .
Thus , we conducted a systematic review ascertaining the contribution of sedentary behaviour towards associated changes in cognitive function over the adult lifespan .
Rates and risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease
Objective : To investigate the risk of AD associated with a family history of dementia , female gender , low levels of education , smoking , and head trauma . Background : These putative factors have been identified in cross-sectional studies . However , those studies are prone to bias due to systematic differences between patients and control subjects regarding survival and how risk factors are recalled . Methods : The authors performed a pooled analysis of four European population -based prospect i ve studies of individuals 65 years and older , with 528 incident dementia patients and 28,768 person-years of follow-up . Patients were detected by screening the total cohort with brief cognitive tests , followed by a diagnostic assessment of those who failed the screening tests . Dementia was diagnosed with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disrders , 3rd ed . ( revised ) , and AD was diagnosed according to National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke – Alzheimer ’s Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria . Incident rates and relative risk ( 95 % CI ) express the association of a risk factor for dementia . Results : Incident rates for dementia and AD were similar across studies . The incidence of AD increased with age . At 90 years of age and older the incidence was 63.5 ( 95 % CI , 49.7 to 81.0 ) per 1,000 person-years . Female gender , current smoking ( more strongly in men ) , and low levels of education ( more strongly in women ) increased the risk of AD significantly . A history of head trauma with unconsciousness and family history of dementia did not increase risk significantly . Conclusion : Contrary to previous reports , head trauma was not a risk factor for AD , and smoking did not protect against AD . The association of family history with the risk of AD is weaker than previously estimated on the basis of cross-sectional studies . Female gender may modify the risk of AD , whether it be via biological or behavioral factors
Summary Sedentary behaviour is associated with lower cognitive performance , although the attributable risk of sedentary time to all-cause dementia incidence is unclear .
Our systematic review provides evidence that limiting sedentary time and concomitantly engaging in regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may best promote healthy cognitive ageing
Aim The increasing rate of all-cause dementia worldwide and the lack of effective pharmaceutical treatments emphasise the value of lifestyle approaches as prevention strategies .
Emerging evidence suggests sedentary behaviour is associated with impaired cognitive function .
A better underst and ing of this association would significantly add to our knowledge of how to best promote healthy cognitive ageing .
Thus , we conducted a systematic review ascertaining the contribution of sedentary behaviour towards associated changes in cognitive function over the adult lifespan .