Future studies should also consider measures of ME and MS as a function of upper body , lower body , and core strength , and their potential association with specific , rather than general ,
Abstract de la Motte , SJ , Gribbin , TC , Lisman , P , Murphy , K , and Deuster , PA .
A systematic review of the association between physical fitness and musculoskeletal injury risk : part 2—muscular endurance and muscular strength .
Core stability measures as risk factors for lower extremity injury in athletes.
INTRODUCTION / PURPOSE Decreased lumbo-pelvic ( or core ) stability has been suggested to contribute to the etiology of lower extremity injuries , particularly in females . This prospect i ve study compares  core stability measures  between genders and between athletes who reported an injury during their season versus those who did not . Finally , we looked for one or a combination of these strength measures that could be used to identify athletes at risk for lower extremity injury . METHODS Before their season , 80 female ( mean age = 19.1 + /- 1.37 yr , mean weight 65.1 + /- 10.0 kg ) and 60 male ( mean age = 19.0 + /- 0.90 yr , mean weight 78.8 + /- 13.3 kg ) intercollegiate basketball and track athletes were studied .  Hip abduction and external rotation strength , abdominal muscle function , and back extensor and quadratus lumborum endurance  was tested for each athlete . RESULTS Males produced greater hip abduction ( males = 32.6 + /- 7.3%BW , females = 29.2 + /- 6.1%BW ) , hip external rotation ( males = 21.6 + /- 4.3%BW , females = 18.4 + /- 4.1%BW ) , and quadratus lumborum measures ( males = 84.3 + /- 32.5 s , females = 58.9 + /- 26.0 s ) . Athletes who did not sustain an injury were significantly stronger in hip abduction ( males = 31.6 + /- 7.1%BW , females = 28.6 + /- 5.5%BW ) and external rotation ( males = 20.6 + /- 4.2%BW , females = 17.9 + /- 4.4%BW ) . Logistic regression analysis revealed that hip external rotation strength was the only useful predictor of injury status ( OR = 0.86 , 95 % CI = 0.77 , 0.097 ) . CONCLUSION Core stability has an important role in injury prevention . Future study may reveal that differences in postural stability partially explain the gender bias among female athletes
Future studies should also consider measures of ME and MS as a function of upper body , lower body , and core strength , and their potential association with specific , rather than general ,
Abstract de la Motte , SJ , Gribbin , TC , Lisman , P , Murphy , K , and Deuster , PA .
A systematic review of the association between physical fitness and musculoskeletal injury risk : part 2—muscular endurance and muscular strength .