Higher circulating concentrations of insulin , leptin , cholecystokinin and peptide-YY accord with reduced appetite and energy intakes in healthy older adults .
Interventions to reduce circulating levels of these hormones may be beneficial for combatting the anorexia of ageing
Ageing is associated with reduced appetite and energy intakes .
However , the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not fully understood .
This systematic review and meta- analysis quantified differences in circulating concentrations of appetite-related hormones between healthy older and younger adults .
Relation between food intake and visual analogue scale ratings of appetite and other sensations in healthy older and young subjects
Objective : Visual analogue scales are widely used in appetite research , yet the validity of these scales to evaluate appetite and mood has not been assessed in older subjects . The aim of this study was to determine the relations between food intake and visual analogue scale ( VAS ) ratings of appetite and nonappetite sensations in healthy older and young subjects . Design : Retrospective combined analysis of four single-blind , r and omised , controlled appetite studies . Setting : All studies were conducted in the University of Adelaide , Department of Medicine , Adelaide , Australia . Subjects : A total of 45 healthy young men ( n=24 ) and women ( n=21 ) aged 18–35 y and 45 healthy older men ( n=24 ) and women ( n=21 ) aged 65–85 y were recruited by advertisement . Interventions : Oral , intraduodenal or intravenous administration of treatments which suppressed food intake were compared to control . Up to 90 min after treatment , a test meal was offered and subjects ate freely for between 30 and 60 min . Perceptions were assessed by 100-mm visual analogue scales administered at regular intervals . Results : Food intake at the test meal was positively related to perceptions of hunger , drowsiness , and calmness at both baseline and premeal ( r>0.16 , P<0.05 ) , and inversely related to premeal ratings of fullness ( r > 0.2 , P<0.05 ) in both older and young subjects . Food intake was related to VAS ratings at least as strongly , if not more so , in older as in young subjects . Conclusions : These observations ( i ) confirm that food intake is related to perceptions of hunger and fullness as assessed by VAS in healthy older and young subjects , and ( ii ) suggest that sensations , not obviously associated with appetite , including ‘ drowsiness ’ and ‘ calmness ’ , are also associated with food intake
Higher circulating concentrations of insulin , leptin , cholecystokinin and peptide-YY accord with reduced appetite and energy intakes in healthy older adults .
Interventions to reduce circulating levels of these hormones may be beneficial for combatting the anorexia of ageing
Ageing is associated with reduced appetite and energy intakes .
However , the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not fully understood .
This systematic review and meta- analysis quantified differences in circulating concentrations of appetite-related hormones between healthy older and younger adults .