In conclusion , the role of dairy products for BMC or BMD has been sufficiently established in Chinese and Caucasian girls and women .
In Caucasian women , drinking milk also reduces fracture risk .
The relevance of dairy produce for the diminishment of osteoporotic risk is still a matter of scientific debate due to the outcome of a few single observational studies .
Dietary calcium and vitamin D intake in relation to osteoporotic fracture risk.
The etiologic role of dietary calcium and vitamin D intake in primary prevention of  osteoporotic fractures is uncertain , despite considerable research efforts . With the aim to examine these associations with an improved precision , we used data from a large population -based prospect i ve cohort study in central Sweden . We estimated nutrient intake from a self-administered food-frequency question naire filled in by 60,689 women , aged 40 - 74 years at baseline during 1987 - 1990 . During follow-up , we observed 3986 women with a fracture at any site and 1535 with a hip fracture .  Rate ratio of fractures ( RR ) and 95 % CI were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models . We found no dose-response association between dietary calcium intake and fracture risk . The age-adjusted RR of hip fracture was 1.01 ( 95 % CI 0.96 - 1.06 ) per 300 mg calcium/day and the corresponding risk of any osteoporotic fracture was 0.99 ( 95 % CI 0.96 - 1.03 ) . Furthermore , women with an estimated calcium intake below 400 mg/day and those with a calcium intake higher than 1200 mg/day both had a similar age-adjusted hip fracture risk as those with intermediate calcium intakes : RR 1.07 ( 95 % CI 0.92 - 1.24 ) and RR 1.00 ( 95 % CI 0.79 - 1.27 ) , respectively . Vitamin D intake was not associated with fracture risk . Furthermore , women in the highest quintiles compared to the lowest quintiles of both calcium and vitamin D intake had an age-adjusted RR of 1.02 for all fractures ( 95 % CI 0.88 - 1.17 ) . Dietary calcium or vitamin D intakes estimated at middle and older age do not seem to be of major importance for the primary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in women
In conclusion , the role of dairy products for BMC or BMD has been sufficiently established in Chinese and Caucasian girls and women .
In Caucasian women , drinking milk also reduces fracture risk .
The relevance of dairy produce for the diminishment of osteoporotic risk is still a matter of scientific debate due to the outcome of a few single observational studies .