There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Development and exploratory cluster-randomised opportunistic trial of a theory-based intervention to enhance physical activity among adolescents
This article reports the development and exploratory testing of a school-based intervention programme design ed to enhance levels of physical activity in adolescents . The intervention is based on social cognitive theory ( SCT ) , self-regulation theory ( SRT ) and planning as evidence -based mediators of physical activity changes . Two classes , paired on socio-economic variables , were selected from each of eight Portuguese schools and r and omly assigned to an  intervention or control group ( N = 291 ) . Primary outcome was ‘ moderate to vigorous physical activity ’ ( International Physical Activity Question naire ) measured pre and post intervention and at three and nine months follow-up . SCT , SRT and planning variables were secondary outcomes measured pre and post intervention . At post test , participants in the intervention group reported 18 min per week more physical activity ( PA ) , adjusted for pre-intervention , age and sex , than those in the control group ( 95 % confidence interval −10 to 46 ; p = 0.249 ) . This difference increased to 33 min ( 95 % CI–4 to 71 ; p = 0.082 ) at three months and to 57 min ( 95 % CI 13 to 101 , p = 0.008 ) at nine month follow-up . Moreover , the intervention result ed in changes of some of the theoretical target variables , including outcome expectancies and coping planning . However , no evidence was found for the changes in theoretical moderators to mediate the intervention effects on behaviour . Implication s for theory and for future research are discussed
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .