This approach has been design ed to provide adequate analgesia while minimizing exposure to adverse events
Background : Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has advantages over the open procedure for postoperative pain .
However , a systematic review of postoperative pain management in this procedure has not been conducted .
A comparative study of ketorolac and diclofenac on post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy pain.
In a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study design ed to assess the post-operative analgesic efficacy and cost-effectiveness of ketorolac and diclofenac 60  ASA I and II patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were studied . Prior to concluding the operative procedure , an injection ( i.m . ) of an equal volume of either saline 3 mL , ketorolac 60 mg , or diclofenac 75 mg was administered . All patients received intravenous morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia device ( PCA ) . Post-operative pain intensity was assessed hourly for 4 h , by recording visual analogue score ( VAS ) for pain , PCA dem and s and actual  morphine administered . PCA dem and s ( mean + /- SD ) were greater in the saline treatment group ( 115 + /- 90 ) when compared with both the ketorolac ( 42 + /- 44 ) and diclofenac groups ( 74 + /- 77 ) . Furthermore , the saline treatment group received significantly ( P < 0.05 ) more PCA morphine  compared with both the ketorolac and diclofenac groups ( 12.2 mg + /- 5.0 vs. 8.6 mg + /- 5.2 vs. 8.9 mg + /- 4.8 ) . Improved pain scores were demonstrated in both the ketorolac and diclofenac groups compared with the saline group . PCA dem and s and post-operative morphine requirements were similar in the ketorolac and diclofenac groups . Diclofenac has the added advantage , in our institution , of being 60 % less expensive than ketorolac . We conclude that both ketorolac and diclofenac are effective post-operative analgesic drugs . However , economic considerations may favour diclofenac administration
This approach has been design ed to provide adequate analgesia while minimizing exposure to adverse events
Background : Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has advantages over the open procedure for postoperative pain .
However , a systematic review of postoperative pain management in this procedure has not been conducted .