Conclusion : Positive clinical ly meaningful effects ( > 5 points ) are seen to an age of 36 months , but are no longer present at 5 years
Objective : To determine in a systematic review , whether interventions for infant development that involve parents , improve neurodevelopment at 12 months corrected age or older .
Impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, brain injury, and severe retinopathy on the outcome of extremely low-birth-weight infants at 18 months: results from the trial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms.
CONTEXT Despite more than 2 decades of outcomes research after very preterm birth , clinicians remain uncertain about the extent to which neonatal morbidities predict poor long-term outcomes of extremely low-birth-weight ( ELBW ) infants . OBJECTIVE To determine the individual and combined prognostic effects of bronchopulmonary dysplasia ( BPD ) , ultrasonographic signs of brain injury , and severe retinopathy of prematurity ( ROP ) on 18-month outcomes of ELBW infants . DESIGN Inception cohort assembled for the Trial of Indomethacin Prophylaxis in Preterms ( TIPP ) . SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 910 infants with birth weights of 500 to 999 g who were admitted to 1 of 32 neonatal intensive care units in Canada , the United States , Australia , New Zeal and , and Hong Kong between 1996 and 1998 and who survived to a postmenstrual age of 36 weeks . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Combined end point of death or survival to 18 months with 1 or more of cerebral palsy , cognitive delay , severe hearing loss , and bilateral blindness . RESULTS Each of the neonatal morbidities was similarly and independently correlated with a poor 18-month outcome . Odds ratios were 2.4 ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 1.8 - 3.2 ) for BPD , 3.7 ( 95 % CI , 2.6 - 5.3 ) for brain injury , and 3.1 ( 95 % CI , 1.9 - 5.0 ) for severe ROP . In children who were free of BPD , brain injury , and severe ROP the rate of poor long-term outcomes was 18 % ( 95 % CI , 14%-22 % ) . Corresponding rates with any 1 , any 2 , and all 3 neonatal morbidities were 42 % ( 95 % CI , 37%-47 % ) , 62 % ( 95 % CI , 53%-70 % ) , and 88 % ( 64%-99 % ) , respectively . CONCLUSION In ELBW infants who survive to a postmenstrual age of 36 weeks , a simple count of 3 common neonatal morbidities strongly predicts the risk of later death or neurosensory impairment
Conclusion : Positive clinical ly meaningful effects ( > 5 points ) are seen to an age of 36 months , but are no longer present at 5 years
Objective : To determine in a systematic review , whether interventions for infant development that involve parents , improve neurodevelopment at 12 months corrected age or older .