Maternal fat intake ( n = 25 ) might be associated with gestational weight gain as suggested by observational studies , although the direction of this association might depend on specific types of fat ( e.g. , saturated fat ) .
Macronutrient intake was not consistently associated with the prevalence of inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain .
CONCLUSIONS The current literature provides evidence that energy intake is associated with gestational weight gain , but the roles of individual macronutrients are inconsistent .
BACKGROUND  Abnormal gestational weight gain is associated with unfavorable pregnancy outcomes .
Several risk factors have been identified , but the effect of macronutrient intake during pregnancy on gestational weight gain has not been systematic ally evaluated in both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries .
Relationship between caloric intake and pregnancy outcome in diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus.
A prospect i ve observational study was performed to examine the relationship between estimated caloric intake with maternal blood glucose profile and infant outcome in a group of Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ) treated by diet alone .  Following the diagnosis of GDM according to the World Health Organization ( WHO ) criteria , and using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT ) , 62 non-obese Chinese women who had completed a 5-day dietary survey were recruited into the study . They were categorized by their mean caloric intake over 5 days into tertiles for comparison of gestational weight gain , glycemic control and pregnancy outcome . Subjects in the highest tertile had a mean intake close to the prescribed intake . No differences were seen in maternal characteristics , gestational weight gain , OGTT , other postpr and ial glucose concentrations , or infant outcome among the tertiles . Our findings indicated that as long as the caloric intake did not exceed that prescribed , the infant outcome remained satisfactory
Maternal fat intake ( n = 25 ) might be associated with gestational weight gain as suggested by observational studies , although the direction of this association might depend on specific types of fat ( e.g. , saturated fat ) .
Macronutrient intake was not consistently associated with the prevalence of inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain .
CONCLUSIONS The current literature provides evidence that energy intake is associated with gestational weight gain , but the roles of individual macronutrients are inconsistent .
BACKGROUND  Abnormal gestational weight gain is associated with unfavorable pregnancy outcomes .
Several risk factors have been identified , but the effect of macronutrient intake during pregnancy on gestational weight gain has not been systematic ally evaluated in both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries .