Evidence of low quality suggests that lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds with or without probiotics decreases late-onset sepsis and NEC stage II or III in preterm infants without adverse effects .
BACKGROUND Lactoferrin , a normal component of human colostrum and milk , can enhance host defenses and may be effective for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) in preterm neonates .
To assess the safety and effectiveness of lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds for prevention of sepsis and NEC in preterm neonates Secondary objectives 1 .
To determine the effects of lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds to prevent neonatal sepsis and /or NEC on duration of positive-pressure ventilation , development of chronic lung disease ( CLD ) or periventricular leukomalacia ( PVL ) , length of hospital stay to discharge among survivors , and adverse neurological outcomes at two years of age or later2 .
To determine the adverse effects of lactoferrin supplementation for prophylaxis of neonatal sepsis and /or NECWhen data were available , we analyzed the following subgroups.1 .
Gestational age < 32 weeks and 32 to 36 weeks2 .
Type of feeding : breast milk versus formula milk SEARCH METHODS : We used the search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group ( CNRG ) to up date our search in December 2016 .
Randomized double-blind controlled trial of bovine lactoferrin for prevention of diarrhea in children.
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of bovine lactoferrin ( bLF ) on prevention of diarrhea in children . STUDY DESIGN We conducted a community-based r and omized double-blind placebo controlled trial comparing supplementation with bLF vs placebo .  Previously weaned children were enrolled at 12 - 18 months and followed for 6 months with daily home visits for data collection and supplement administration . Anthropometric measures were done monthly . RESULTS Five hundred fifty-five children were r and omized : 277 to bLF and 278 to placebo ; 65 dropped out ; 147 894 doses were administered ( 92 % compliance ) . Overall there were 91 446 child-days of observation and 1235 diarrhea episodes lasting 6219 days . The main pathogens isolated during diarrheal episodes were norovirus ( 35.0 % ) , enteropathogenic E coli ( 11.4 % ) , Campylobacter ( 10.6 % ) , enteroaggregative E coli ( 8.4 % ) , enterotoxigenic E coli ( 6.9 % ) , and Shigella ( 6.6 % ) . The diarrhea incidence was not different between groups : 5.4 vs 5.2 episodes/child/year for bLF and placebo , respectively ( P = .375 ) . However , the diarrhea longitudinal prevalence was lower in the bLF group vs placebo ( 6.6 % vs 7.0 % , P = .017 ) , as well as the median duration of episodes ( 4.8 vs 5.3 days , P = .046 ) , proportion of episodes with moderate or severe dehydration ( 1.0 % vs 2.6 % , P = .045 ) , and liquid stools load ( 95.0 vs 98.6 ) liquid stools/child/year , P < .001 ) . There were no adverse events related to the intervention . CONCLUSIONS Although there was no decrease in diarrhea incidence , longitudinal prevalence and severity were decreased with LF
Evidence of low quality suggests that lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds with or without probiotics decreases late-onset sepsis and NEC stage II or III in preterm infants without adverse effects .
BACKGROUND Lactoferrin , a normal component of human colostrum and milk , can enhance host defenses and may be effective for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) in preterm neonates .
To assess the safety and effectiveness of lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds for prevention of sepsis and NEC in preterm neonates Secondary objectives 1 .
To determine the effects of lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds to prevent neonatal sepsis and /or NEC on duration of positive-pressure ventilation , development of chronic lung disease ( CLD ) or periventricular leukomalacia ( PVL ) , length of hospital stay to discharge among survivors , and adverse neurological outcomes at two years of age or later2 .
To determine the adverse effects of lactoferrin supplementation for prophylaxis of neonatal sepsis and /or NECWhen data were available , we analyzed the following subgroups.1 .
Gestational age < 32 weeks and 32 to 36 weeks2 .
Type of feeding : breast milk versus formula milk SEARCH METHODS : We used the search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group ( CNRG ) to up date our search in December 2016 .