First , during anorexia nervosa adolescent females lose more central body fat , while adult females more peripheral fat .
Second , partial weight restoration leads to greater fat mass deposition in the trunk region than other body regions in adolescent females .
Third , after short-term weight restoration , whether partial or complete , adults show a central adiposity phenotype with respect to healthy age-matched controls .
Fourth , central fat distribution is associated with increased insulin resistance , but does not adversely affect eating disorder psychopathology or cause psychological distress in female adults .
Fifth , the abnormal central fat distribution seems to normalize after long-term maintenance of complete weight restoration , indicating that preferential central distribution of body fat is a transitory phenomenon .
The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of body fat distribution before and after partial and complete weight restoration in individuals with anorexia nervosa .
Associations of general and abdominal obesity with multiple health outcomes in older women: the Iowa Women's Health Study.
BACKGROUND Recent clinical guidelines on the health risks of obesity use body mass index ( BMI ; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters ) and waist circumference , but the waist-hip ratio may provide independent information . METHODS To assess the joint and relative associations of BMI , waist circumference , and waist-hip ratio with multiple disease end points , we conducted a prospect i ve cohort study of 31,702 Iowa women , aged 55 to 69 years and free of cancer , heart disease , and diabetes , assembled by r and om sampling and mail survey in 1986 . Study end points were total and cause-specific mortality and incidence of site-specific cancers and self-reported diabetes , hypertension , and hip fracture over 11 to 12 years . RESULTS The waist-hip ratio was the best anthropometric predictor of total mortality , with the multivariable-adjusted relative risk for quintile 5 vs 1 of 1.2 ( 95 % confidence interval , 1.1 - 1.4 ) , compared with 0.91 ( 95 % confidence interval , 0.8 - 1.0 ) for BMI and 1.1 ( 95 % confidence interval , 1.0 - 1 . 3 ) for waist circumference . The waist-hip ratio was also associated positively with mortality from coronary heart disease , other cardiovascular diseases , cancer , and other causes . The waist-hip ratio was associated less consistently than BMI or waist circumference with cancer incidence . All anthropometric indexes were associated with incidence of diabetes and hypertension . For example , women simultaneously in the highest quintiles of BMI and waist-hip ratio had a relative risk of diabetes of 29 ( 95 % confidence interval , 18 - 46 ) vs. women in the lowest combined quintiles . CONCLUSION The waist-hip ratio offers additional prognostic information beyond BMI and waist circumference
First , during anorexia nervosa adolescent females lose more central body fat , while adult females more peripheral fat .
Second , partial weight restoration leads to greater fat mass deposition in the trunk region than other body regions in adolescent females .
Third , after short-term weight restoration , whether partial or complete , adults show a central adiposity phenotype with respect to healthy age-matched controls .
Fourth , central fat distribution is associated with increased insulin resistance , but does not adversely affect eating disorder psychopathology or cause psychological distress in female adults .
Fifth , the abnormal central fat distribution seems to normalize after long-term maintenance of complete weight restoration , indicating that preferential central distribution of body fat is a transitory phenomenon .
The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of body fat distribution before and after partial and complete weight restoration in individuals with anorexia nervosa .