Several specific population interventions that achieved a Class I or IIa recommendation with grade A or B evidence were identified , providing a set of specific evidence -based strategies that deserve close attention and prioritization for wider implementation .
Effective interventions included specific approaches in all 6 domains evaluated for improving diet , increasing activity , and reducing tobacco use .
The writing group also identified several specific interventions in each of these domains for which current evidence was less robust , as well as other inconsistencies and evidence gaps , informing the need for further rigorous and interdisciplinary approaches to evaluate population programs and policies .
This systematic review identified and grade d the evidence for a range of population -based strategies to promote lifestyle change .
BACKGROUND Poor lifestyle behaviors , including suboptimal diet , physical inactivity , and tobacco use , are leading causes of preventable diseases globally .
Although even modest population shifts in risk substantially alter health outcomes , the optimal population -level approaches to improve lifestyle are not well established .
Modest effects of a controlled worksite environmental intervention on cardiovascular risk in office workers.
OBJECTIVE To present the effects of a relatively modest environmental intervention on biological cardiovascular risk indicators . METHOD A controlled trial , including two worksites . Measurements ( i.e. , body composition , blood pressure and serum cholesterol ) took place at baseline and at 3- and 12-month follow-up . The 12-month environmental intervention ( The Hague , The Netherl and s , 2004 ) consisted of : a ' Food'-part : to stimulate healthier food choices by means of product information in the canteen , and a ' Steps'-part : focused on stimulating stair use by means of motivational prompts in staircases and on elevator doors . RESULTS Significant differences in change between groups ( n=540 ) in favor of the intervention group were found on : [ 1 ] total cholesterol for women ( -0.35 mmol/l ) ; [ 2 ] HDL for men at 3 months ( 0.05 mmol/l ) and 12 months ( 0.10 mmol/l ) ; and [ 3 ] the total-HDL ratio for the total intervention group at 3 and 12 months ( -0.45 mmol/l ) . Both groups showed a decrease in all body composition values at both follow-ups . A significant difference in change in systolic BP was found in favor of the control group ( approximately 4 mm Hg ) , due to an increase in the intervention group at both follow-ups . CONCLUSIONS Based on the contrasting results , this modest environmental intervention was ineffective in reducing cardiovascular risk in a population of office workers
Several specific population interventions that achieved a Class I or IIa recommendation with grade A or B evidence were identified , providing a set of specific evidence -based strategies that deserve close attention and prioritization for wider implementation .
Effective interventions included specific approaches in all 6 domains evaluated for improving diet , increasing activity , and reducing tobacco use .
The writing group also identified several specific interventions in each of these domains for which current evidence was less robust , as well as other inconsistencies and evidence gaps , informing the need for further rigorous and interdisciplinary approaches to evaluate population programs and policies .
This systematic review identified and grade d the evidence for a range of population -based strategies to promote lifestyle change .
BACKGROUND Poor lifestyle behaviors , including suboptimal diet , physical inactivity , and tobacco use , are leading causes of preventable diseases globally .
Although even modest population shifts in risk substantially alter health outcomes , the optimal population -level approaches to improve lifestyle are not well established .