Combining 21 trials evaluating lipid outcomes , fish oil consumption result ed in a summary net change in triglycerides of -27 ( 95 % CI -33 , -20)mg/dL , in HDL cholesterol of + 1.6 ( 95 % CI + 0.8 , + 2.3)mg/dL , and in LDL cholesterol of + 6 ( 95 % CI + 3 , + 8)mg/dL. There was no effect of fish oil on total cholesterol .
Across studies , higher fish oil dose and higher baseline levels were associated with greater reductions in serum triglycerides .
The evidence supports a dose-dependent beneficial effect of fish oil on serum triglycerides , particularly among people with more elevated levels .
Fish oil consumption also modestly improves HDL cholesterol , increases LDL cholesterol levels , but does not appear to adversely affect glucose homeostasis .
The evidence regarding the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on hs-CRP is inconclusive , as are data on ALA
Greater fish oil consumption has been associated with reduced CVD risk , although the mechanisms are unclear .
Plant- source oil omega-3 fatty acids ( ALA ) have also been studied regarding their cardiovascular effect .
Reduction of blood pressure and plasma triglycerides by omega‐3 fatty acids in treated hypertensives
Objective : To assess the effects of omega-3 ( n-3 ) fatty acid supplementation on blood pressure and plasma lipids in hypertensives treated with diuretics or beta-blockers . Design : Double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial consisting of a 4-week run-in phase and two 6-week intervention phases . Patients : A total of 43 patients of either sex taking a beta-blocker only ( n = 29 ) , a diuretic only ( n = 3 ) or a beta-blocker plus diuretic ( n=11 ) for hypertension were recruited from general practice . One patient from the latter group was withdrawn . Methods : Seated blood pressure was measured every 2 weeks in the clinic with a Dinamap . After the run-in phase , participants were r and omly assigned to take a supplement of either Omacor ( 85 % n-3 fatty acid concentrate ) or corn oil ( four 1-g capsules/day ) for 6 weeks , after which they crossed over to the other supplement . Fasted blood sample s were taken at the end of each phase for lipid analysis . Main outcome measures : The within-individual differences in systolic and diastolic pressure and plasma lipids  between Omacor and corn oil treatment . Results : Systolic/diastolic blood pressures measured during the run-in phase were normal ( 132±2/76±1 mmHg , n = 42 ) but decreased further with n-3 fatty acid supplementation . The mean within-individual difference in blood pressure compared with corn oil supplementation was 3.1 ± 1.0/1.8±0.6 mmHg ( P<0.01 ) . This was accompanied by a 21 % reduction in plasma triglycerides ( P < 0.01 ) and a 15 % increase in high-density lipoprotein-2 cholesterol ( P < 0.01 ) but there were no significant differences in total or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol . Conclusion : The antihypertensive and hypotriglyceridaemic effects of n-3 fatty acid supplementation seen in the present study suggest that it may be a useful adjunct to antihypertensive therapy with beta-blockers or diuretics
Combining 21 trials evaluating lipid outcomes , fish oil consumption result ed in a summary net change in triglycerides of -27 ( 95 % CI -33 , -20)mg/dL , in HDL cholesterol of + 1.6 ( 95 % CI + 0.8 , + 2.3)mg/dL , and in LDL cholesterol of + 6 ( 95 % CI + 3 , + 8)mg/dL. There was no effect of fish oil on total cholesterol .
Across studies , higher fish oil dose and higher baseline levels were associated with greater reductions in serum triglycerides .
The evidence supports a dose-dependent beneficial effect of fish oil on serum triglycerides , particularly among people with more elevated levels .
Fish oil consumption also modestly improves HDL cholesterol , increases LDL cholesterol levels , but does not appear to adversely affect glucose homeostasis .
The evidence regarding the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on hs-CRP is inconclusive , as are data on ALA
Greater fish oil consumption has been associated with reduced CVD risk , although the mechanisms are unclear .
Plant- source oil omega-3 fatty acids ( ALA ) have also been studied regarding their cardiovascular effect .