Inflammation appeared to be associated with greater loss of muscle strength .
There was inconclusive evidence that the level of physical activity affects change in skeletal muscle .
In regard to the effect of interventions , only exercise interventions were consistently associated with improved skeletal muscle outcomes .
CONCLUSIONS Adult patients who undergo an unplanned hospital admission may experience a small reduction in knee extension strength and mid-arm muscle mass .
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the review was to describe change that occurs in skeletal muscle during periods of unplanned hospitalisation in adult patients .
The secondary objective was to examine the relationship between both physical activity and inflammation with the change in skeletal muscle .
A further objective was to investigate the effect of interventions on change in skeletal muscle during periods of unplanned hospitalisation .
How inflammation underlies physical and organ function in acutely admitted older medical patients
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether systemic inflammation in acutely admitted older medical patients ( age > 65 years ) is associated with physical performance and organ dysfunction . Organ dysfunction´s association with physical performance , and whether these associations are mediated by systemic inflammation , was also investigated . METHODS A cross-sectional study in an Emergency Department . Physical performance was assessed by h and grip strength and de Morton Mobility Index  (  DEMMI  ) , and organ dysfunction by FI-OutRef , the number of st and ard blood tests outside the reference range . Systemic inflammation was assessed by  suPAR , TNFα , and IL-6 . Associations were investigated by regression analyses adjusted for age , sex , cognitive impairment , CRP , and VitalPAC Modified Early Warning Score . RESULTS A total of 369 patients were evaluated . In adjusted analyses , suPAR and TNFα was associated with both physical performance measures ( p<0.001- p=0.004 ) , and IL-6 with h and grip strength ( p=0.007 ) . All inflammation biomarkers were associated with FI-OutRef ( p<0.001 ) . FI-OutRef was also associated with physical performance ( all p<0.001 ) ; suPAR being the inflammatory biomarker with the highest impact when adjusting for inflammation . CONCLUSION Inflammatory biomarkers are potentially feasible for systematic assessment of vulnerability . Moreover , suPAR may be an important mediator between organ dysfunction and physical performance
Inflammation appeared to be associated with greater loss of muscle strength .
There was inconclusive evidence that the level of physical activity affects change in skeletal muscle .
In regard to the effect of interventions , only exercise interventions were consistently associated with improved skeletal muscle outcomes .
CONCLUSIONS Adult patients who undergo an unplanned hospital admission may experience a small reduction in knee extension strength and mid-arm muscle mass .
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the review was to describe change that occurs in skeletal muscle during periods of unplanned hospitalisation in adult patients .
The secondary objective was to examine the relationship between both physical activity and inflammation with the change in skeletal muscle .
A further objective was to investigate the effect of interventions on change in skeletal muscle during periods of unplanned hospitalisation .