Meta- analysis of RCTs showed that only cyclosporine A provided a simultaneous great effect size of SMD on ICSI , pain , and frequency .
Amitriptyline at different dosages showed a great effect size of SMD on pain and urgency or on ICSI and frequency .
The results from the n RCTs showed that the most frequently adopted treatment is oral pentosan polysulfate and that the use of botulinum A toxin intradetrusorial injections in PBS/IC is increasing .
Limited evidence exists for the few treatments for PBS/IC .
The lack of definitive conclusions is due to the great heterogeneity in methodology , symptoms assessment , duration of treatment , and follow-up in both RCTs and n RCTs
CONTEXT Different types of behavioural , dietary , interventional , pharmacologic , and surgical therapies have been used to treat painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis ( PBS/IC ) .
Because of the paucity of r and omised placebo-controlled studies on different treatments , an evidence -based management approach has not yet been developed .
OBJECTIVE To critically review and synthesize data from a wide range of current therapeutic approaches to PBS/IC , to quantify the effect size from r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) , and to reach clinical agreement on the efficacy of treatments for PBS/IC .
Bladder Pain Syndrome Treated with Triple Therapy with Gabapentin, Amitriptyline, and a Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug
Purpose Bladder pain syndrome is a chronic disease that manifests as bladder pain , frequency , nocturia , and urgency . Gabapentin , amitriptyline , and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are efficacious treatments for bladder pain syndrome . Here , we assessed the effect of triple therapy with these drugs in women with bladder pain syndrome . Methods Between May 2007 and May 2010 , we conducted a prospect i ve nonr and omized study on 74 patients with bladder pain syndrome . Of these patients , 38 ( 11 men and 27 women ; mean age , 55.9 years ; range , 25 to 77 years ; mean follow-up , 12.6 months ) were administered the interstitial cystitis ( IC ) symptom scales ( O'Leary-Sant Symptom Index ) and visual analog scale ( VAS ) 1 , 3 , and 6 months after treatment to assess the efficacy of triple therapy . Results The pretreatment O'Leary-Sant IC symptom score was 11.7 , and the post-treatment scores were 4.4 , 3.8 , and 4.0 at 1 , 3 , and 6 months , respectively ; the pretreatment problem index score was 10.5 , and the post-treatment scores were 3.7 , 2.7 , and 2.9 at 1 , 3 , and 6 months , respectively . The pretreatment VAS score was 6.7 , and the post-treatment scores were 1.8 , 1.5 , and 1.7 at 1 , 3 , and 6 months , respectively . The O'Leary-Sant IC symptom index and problem index and VAS scores improved considerably 1 month after treatment ( P<0.05 ) . However , the results at 1 , 3 , and 6 months after treatment were not significantly different ( P>0.05 ) . Conclusions Triple therapy was sufficiently effective in patients with bladder pain syndrome and caused no significant adverse effects . However , large-scale studies should be performed to verify our findings
Meta- analysis of RCTs showed that only cyclosporine A provided a simultaneous great effect size of SMD on ICSI , pain , and frequency .
Amitriptyline at different dosages showed a great effect size of SMD on pain and urgency or on ICSI and frequency .
The results from the n RCTs showed that the most frequently adopted treatment is oral pentosan polysulfate and that the use of botulinum A toxin intradetrusorial injections in PBS/IC is increasing .
Limited evidence exists for the few treatments for PBS/IC .
The lack of definitive conclusions is due to the great heterogeneity in methodology , symptoms assessment , duration of treatment , and follow-up in both RCTs and n RCTs
CONTEXT Different types of behavioural , dietary , interventional , pharmacologic , and surgical therapies have been used to treat painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis ( PBS/IC ) .
Because of the paucity of r and omised placebo-controlled studies on different treatments , an evidence -based management approach has not yet been developed .
OBJECTIVE To critically review and synthesize data from a wide range of current therapeutic approaches to PBS/IC , to quantify the effect size from r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) , and to reach clinical agreement on the efficacy of treatments for PBS/IC .