CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with vitamin D showed no effect on adiposity measures in adults
CONTEXT The independent or interactive effects of vitamin D and calcium on adiposity remain inconclusive .
OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to assess whether vitamin D and calcium supplements cause changes in adiposity .
No improvement in cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese subjects after supplementation with vitamin D3 for 1 year.
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cross-sectional studies indicate vitamin D to be of importance for glucose tolerance , blood pressure and serum lipids , but whether supplementation with vitamin D would improve cardio-vascular risk factors is not known . DESIGN AND SETTING The study was a 1 year , double blind placebo-controlled intervention trial performed at the University Hospital of North Norway from November 2005 to October 2007 . Subjects . A total of 438 overweight or obese subjects , 21 - 70 years old , were included and 330 completed the study . INTERVENTIONS The subjects were r and omized to vitamin D ( cholecalciferol , vitamin D(3 ) ) 40 000 IU per week ( DD group ) , vitamin D 20 000 IU per week ( DP group ) , or placebo ( PP group ) . All subjects were given 500 mg calcium daily . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Fasting serum lipids and blood pressure were measured and an oral glucose tolerance test performed at start and end of the study . RESULTS At baseline the mean serum 25(OH)D levels were 58 nmol L(-1 ) ( all subjects ) and increased to 140 and 101 nmol L(-1 ) in the DD and DP groups , respectively . No significant differences were found between the three groups regarding change in measures of glucose metabolism or serum lipids . In the DP group , there was a slight but significant increase in systolic blood pressure compared with the placebo group . CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support a positive effect of vitamin D on glucose tolerance , blood pressure or serum lipids . Further studies in subjects with low serum 25(OH)D levels combined with impaired glucose tolerance , hypertension or dyslipidaemia are needed
CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with vitamin D showed no effect on adiposity measures in adults
CONTEXT The independent or interactive effects of vitamin D and calcium on adiposity remain inconclusive .
OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to assess whether vitamin D and calcium supplements cause changes in adiposity .