Our review confirms the usefulness of long-term pharmacological treatments for PD and GAD and suggests that they can provide further improvement over that obtained during short-term therapy .
Paroxetine , escitalopram , and clonazepam can be effective for long-term treatment of PD .
Pregabalin and quetiapine can be effective for long-term treatment of GAD , while preliminary suggestions emerged for agomelatine and vortioxetine .
We did not find any evidence for determining the optimal length and /or dosage of medications to minimize the relapse risk .
Many aspects of long-term pharmacological treatments for  anxiety disorders ( AnxDs ) are still debated .
We undertook an up date d systematic review of long-term pharmacological studies on panic disorder ( PD ) , generalized anxiety disorder ( GAD ) , and social anxiety disorder ( SAD ) .
Predictors of outcome of pharmacological and psychological treatment of late-life panic disorder with agoraphobia.
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the differential predictive values of age , age of onset and duration of illness on  paroxetine  and cognitive-behavioural therapy ( CBT ) outcome in late-life panic disorder with agoraphobia . METHOD Patients 60 years and older with a confirmed diagnosis of panic disorder with agoraphobia ( n = 49 ) were r and omly assigned to paroxetine ( 40 mg/day ) treatment , individual CBT or a waiting-list control condition . Multiple regression analyses were conducted per treatment arm with post-treatment avoidance behaviour and agoraphobic cognitions as the dependent variables . RESULTS Higher age at onset and shorter duration of illness were predictors of superior outcomes following CBT , although these variables did not influence the treatment effects of paroxetine . CONCLUSIONS In late-life agoraphobic panic disorder , chronological age has no impact on treatment modality outcome . In older patients with a late disease onset or shorter duration of illness , CBT is to be preferred over paroxetine , whereas paroxetine might be the treatment of choice for older people with an early onset and short duration of illness
Our review confirms the usefulness of long-term pharmacological treatments for PD and GAD and suggests that they can provide further improvement over that obtained during short-term therapy .
Paroxetine , escitalopram , and clonazepam can be effective for long-term treatment of PD .
Pregabalin and quetiapine can be effective for long-term treatment of GAD , while preliminary suggestions emerged for agomelatine and vortioxetine .
We did not find any evidence for determining the optimal length and /or dosage of medications to minimize the relapse risk .
Many aspects of long-term pharmacological treatments for  anxiety disorders ( AnxDs ) are still debated .
We undertook an up date d systematic review of long-term pharmacological studies on panic disorder ( PD ) , generalized anxiety disorder ( GAD ) , and social anxiety disorder ( SAD ) .