Conclusions Study -level data from this systemic review establish that different lipid lowering agents can lead to discordance between LDL-P and LDL-C , therefore , basing LDL-lowering therapy only on the achievement of cholesterol goals may result in a treatment gap .
Therefore , the use of LDL-P for monitoring lipid-lowering therapy , particularly for statins , can provide a more accurate assessment of residual cardiovascular risk
Purpose This systematic review was performed to summarize published experience using low density lipoprotein particle number ( LDL-P ) to monitor the efficacy of  lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies .
Fenofibrate effectively reduces remnants, and small dense LDL, and increases HDL particle number in hypertriglyceridemic men - a nuclear magnetic resonance study.
Hypertriglyceridemia is often associated with small dense low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) , elevated remnants , and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol ( C ) , which comprise the dyslipidemic triad . The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of fenofibrate on the lipoprotein subfraction profile and inflammation markers in hypertriglyceridemic men . Twenty hypertriglyceridemic men were administered fenofibrate , 200 mg daily , for 8 weeks . Lipoprotein subclasses were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR ) spectroscopy . Inflammation markers including C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) were also determined . Fenofibrate lowered triglyceride ( TG ) by 58 % and increased HDL-C by 18 % . NMR analysis revealed that very low density lipoprotein ( VLDL ) , particularly large VLDL , intermediate density lipoprotein ( IDL ) , and small LDL , were significantly decreased , and LDL distribution shifted towards the larger particles . HDL distribution was altered ; there was an increase in small HDL and a decrease in large HDL , result ing in a significant decrease in HDL particle size , from 9.1 to 8.9 nm , as well as a 27 % increase in HDL particle number . Among inflammation markers , CRP was significantly decreased by 42 % . In conclusion , fenofibrate effectively improves atherogenic dyslipidemia by reducing remnants and small LDL , as well as by increasing HDL particles . These effects , together with the favorable effect on inflammation , might provide a clinical benefit in hypertriglyceridemic subjects
Conclusions Study -level data from this systemic review establish that different lipid lowering agents can lead to discordance between LDL-P and LDL-C , therefore , basing LDL-lowering therapy only on the achievement of cholesterol goals may result in a treatment gap .
Therefore , the use of LDL-P for monitoring lipid-lowering therapy , particularly for statins , can provide a more accurate assessment of residual cardiovascular risk
Purpose This systematic review was performed to summarize published experience using low density lipoprotein particle number ( LDL-P ) to monitor the efficacy of  lipid-lowering pharmacotherapies .