Airborne-particle abrasion and tribochemical silica coating are reference pretreatment methods .
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM With a number of  zirconia ceramic material s currently available for clinical use , an overview of the scientific literature on the adhesion methods and their potential influence is indicated .
PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to classify and analyze the existing methods and material s proposed to improve adhesion to zirconia surfaces .
Adhesive monomers are necessary for chemical bonding .
Surface contamination and aging have negative effects on adhesion to zirconia .
Effect of an experimental zirconia-silica coating technique on micro tensile bond strength of zirconia in different priming conditions.
OBJECTIVES This study aim ed to evaluate the adhesive properties of a MDP-containing resin cement to a colored zirconia ceramic , using an experimental zirconia-silica coating technique with different priming conditions . METHODS 18 zirconia ceramic discs ( Cercon base colored ) were divided into two groups : the control group and the experimental zirconia-silica coating group . Specimens in each group were further divided into 3 subgroups ( n = 3 ) according to the priming conditions : no primer , a MDP-containing primer ( ED Primer II ) or a silane coupling primer ( RelyX ™ Ceramic Primer ) . Then resin-composite discs ( Filtek ™ Z250 ) were bonded to the treated surface using a MDP-containing resin cement ( Panavia F 2.0 ) . The bi-layered specimens were cut into microbars and 20 microbars were r and omly selected from each specimen , half of which were stored in 37 ° C water bath for 24h , and the other half were stored for 30 days . After water storage , the sample s were exposed to a micro tensile bond strength test ( MTBS ) . The results were analyzed by ANOVA , while the fracture surfaces were examined by SEM . RESULTS After 24h water storage , zirconia-silica coating followed by silanization showed a significantly ( P<0.001 ) higher MTBS value 45.0 (10.9)MPa . Water storage affected ( P<0.05 ) MTBS in the control group ( 24.1 - 30.3 MPa to 2.8 - 3.1 MPa ) , but only partially in the zirconia-silica coating group ( 20.0 - 45.1 MPa to 17.4 - 25.9 MPa ) . SEM analysis revealed a failure mode change after water storage . SIGNIFICANCE The combination of zirconia-silica coating with silane coupling can improve the bonding of resin cement to this colored zirconia
Airborne-particle abrasion and tribochemical silica coating are reference pretreatment methods .
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM With a number of  zirconia ceramic material s currently available for clinical use , an overview of the scientific literature on the adhesion methods and their potential influence is indicated .
PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to classify and analyze the existing methods and material s proposed to improve adhesion to zirconia surfaces .
Adhesive monomers are necessary for chemical bonding .
Surface contamination and aging have negative effects on adhesion to zirconia .