The review was registered ( Number CRD42013004632 ) on PROSPERO , the International Prospect i ve Register of Systematic Review s. Results The results indicated that PA is associated with significant and beneficial changes in fat percentage , waist circumference , systolic blood pressure , insulin , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and total cholesterol , as well as with small non-significant changes in diastolic blood pressure , glucose , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol .
Conclusion Although limited , results from controlled trials suggest that PA intervention may improve physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents who are overweight or obese
Background The increasing prevalence of obesity in the pediatric age range has become a major concern .
Studies have investigated the role of physical activity ( PA ) to prevent obesity in this population .
However , previous review s did not focus on the effects of PA in overweight/obese adolescents on physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease altogether .
Objective The present systematic review analyzed trials investigating the effect of PA on aerobic capacity , muscle strength , body composition , hemodynamic variables , biochemical markers , and endothelial function in obese/overweight adolescents .
Effect of physical training on total and visceral fat in obese children.
PURPOSE Children with high levels of total body fat mass ( TFM ) and visceral adipose tissue ( VAT ) have elevated levels of certain risk factors for coronary artery disease and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus . We tested the hypothesis that controlled physical training , without dietary intervention , would have a favorable impact on VAT and percent body fat ( % BF ) in obese children . METHODS A volunteer sample of 74 obese children , 7 - 11 yr of age , accepted r and om assignment to physical training  or  control groups .  Before and after 4 months of intervention , measurements were obtained for VAT , TFM , % BF , daily physical activity , and cardiovascular fitness . The intervention involved 4 months of controlled physical training 5 d x wk(-1 ) , 40 min per session , at a mean heart rate ( HR ) of 157 beats x min(-1 ) . The estimated energy expenditure ( EE ) per training session was 925+/-201 kJ. RESULTS Compared with the control group , the physical training group declined significantly in % BF ( delta = -2.2 % ) ( P < 0.01 ) , TFM ( delta = -3.1 % ) ( P < 0.01 ) , and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue ( delta = - 16.1 % ) ( P < 0.05 ) , and increased significantly in fat-free mass ( delta = + 6.1 % ) ( P < 0.05 ) and moderate-to-very hard physical activity ( delta = + 14.1 % ) ( P < 0.05 ) . The increase in VAT was significantly less in the physical training group ( delta = + 0.5 % ) as compared with that in the control group ( delta = + 8.1 % ) ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS This study showed that during physical training  obese children : 1 ) were capable of participating in a substantial amount of high intensity physical training over a 4-month period : 2 ) accumulated significantly less VAT as compared with nonexercising controls ; and 3 ) experienced other beneficial changes in total and regional body composition
The review was registered ( Number CRD42013004632 ) on PROSPERO , the International Prospect i ve Register of Systematic Review s. Results The results indicated that PA is associated with significant and beneficial changes in fat percentage , waist circumference , systolic blood pressure , insulin , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and total cholesterol , as well as with small non-significant changes in diastolic blood pressure , glucose , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol .
Conclusion Although limited , results from controlled trials suggest that PA intervention may improve physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents who are overweight or obese
Background The increasing prevalence of obesity in the pediatric age range has become a major concern .
Studies have investigated the role of physical activity ( PA ) to prevent obesity in this population .
However , previous review s did not focus on the effects of PA in overweight/obese adolescents on physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease altogether .
Objective The present systematic review analyzed trials investigating the effect of PA on aerobic capacity , muscle strength , body composition , hemodynamic variables , biochemical markers , and endothelial function in obese/overweight adolescents .