Moreover , there was nonlinear association between duration of psyllium consumption , BMI and WC .
Conclusion : Psyllium supplementation does not reduce body weight , BMI , and WC significantly
Abstract Background : Previous studies reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of psyllium supplementation on  obesity measures .
This systematic review and meta- analysis was performed to summarize data from available r and omized clinical trials ( RCTs ) on the effect of psyllium supplementation on  body weight , body mass index ( BMI ) , and waist circumference ( WC ) in adults .
Plasma cholecystokinin is associated with subjective measures of satiety in women.
BACKGROUND Cholecystokinin is associated with satiety . Fat stimulates cholecystokinin release , and fiber appears to prolong cholecystokinin elevation during the alimentary period . OBJECTIVE We tested whether adding fiber or fat to a low-fat , low-fiber meal increases cholecystokinin release and enhances subjective measures of satiety and whether the cholecystokinin response correlates with subjective measures of satiety . DESIGN Three isoenergetic breakfast meals were tested in a r and omized crossover design : low fiber , low fat ; high fiber , low fat ; and low fiber , high fat . Blood sample s were drawn from fasted subjects ( 7 men and 8 women ) before and at different time points after test meal consumption for 6 h. Plasma was analyzed for cholecystokinin , insulin , glucose , and triacylglycerols . Visual analogue scales were used to assess subjects ' hunger , desire to eat , fullness , and prospect i ve consumption . RESULTS In the women , the meals higher in fiber or in fat result ed in greater feelings of satiety and in significantly higher cholecystokinin responses than did the low-fat , low-fiber meal . In the men , the increase in cholecystokinin concentration did not differ between meals , but the 2 low-fat meals elicited a greater feeling of satiety than did the high-fat meal . The insulin response was significantly higher for the low-fiber , low-fat meal than for the other 2 meals , and the triacylglycerol response was greatest for the high-fat , low-fiber meal . CONCLUSION In women , the feeling of satiety caused by cholecystokinin release is enhanced by increasing either the fiber or fat content of a low-fat , low-fiber meal
Moreover , there was nonlinear association between duration of psyllium consumption , BMI and WC .
Conclusion : Psyllium supplementation does not reduce body weight , BMI , and WC significantly
Abstract Background : Previous studies reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of psyllium supplementation on  obesity measures .
This systematic review and meta- analysis was performed to summarize data from available r and omized clinical trials ( RCTs ) on the effect of psyllium supplementation on  body weight , body mass index ( BMI ) , and waist circumference ( WC ) in adults .