R and omized controlled trials found a positive correlation for SB with BMI , neck circumference , fat mass , HbA1C , cholesterol and insulin levels , cohort studies additionally for WC , leptin , C-peptide , ApoA1 and Low density lipoprotein and a negative correlation for HDL .
Most studied biomarkers associated with SB were of cardiovascular or metabolic origin .
OBJECTIVE Pathomechanisms of sedentary behaviour ( SB ) are unclear .
We conducted a systematic review to investigate the associations between SB and various biomarkers in older adults .
European Sitting Championship: Prevalence and Correlates of Self-Reported Sitting Time in the 28 European Union Member States
Objective Sedentary behaviour is increasingly recognized as an important health risk , but comparable data across Europe are scarce . The objective of this study was to explore the prevalence and correlates of self-reported sitting time  in adults across and within the 28 European Union Member States . Methods This study reports data from the Special Eurobarometer 412 . In 2013 , 27,919 r and omly selected Europeans ( approximately 1000 per Member State ) were interviewed face-to-face . Sitting time on a usual day was self-reported and dichotomised into sitting less- and more than 7.5 hours per day . Uni- and multivariate odds ratios of sitting more than 7.5 hours per day were assessed by country and socio-demographic variables using binary logistic regression analyses . The analyses were stratified by country to study the socio-demographic correlates of sitting time within the different countries . Results A total of 26,617 respondents were included in the analyses .  Median sitting time was five hours per day . Across Europe , 18.5 percent of the respondents reported to sit more than 7.5 hours per day , with substantial variation between countries ( ranging from 8.9 to 32.1 percent ) . In general , northern European countries reported more sitting than countries in the south of Europe . ‘ Current occupation ’ and ‘ age when stopped education ’ were found to be the strongest correlates of sitting time , both across Europe and within most Member States . Compared to manual workers , the odds ratio of sitting more than 7.5 hours per day was 5.00 for people with white collar occupations , 3.84 for students , and 3.65 for managers . Conclusions There is substantial variation in self-reported sitting time among European adults across countries as well as socio-demographic groups . While regular surveillance of ( objective ly measured ) sedentary behaviour is needed , the results of this study provide entry points for developing targeted interventions aim ed at highly sedentary population s , such as people with sedentary occupations
R and omized controlled trials found a positive correlation for SB with BMI , neck circumference , fat mass , HbA1C , cholesterol and insulin levels , cohort studies additionally for WC , leptin , C-peptide , ApoA1 and Low density lipoprotein and a negative correlation for HDL .
Most studied biomarkers associated with SB were of cardiovascular or metabolic origin .
OBJECTIVE Pathomechanisms of sedentary behaviour ( SB ) are unclear .
We conducted a systematic review to investigate the associations between SB and various biomarkers in older adults .