Based on available evidence , the NRS-11 , FPS-R , and CAS were strongly recommended for self-report of acute pain .
Only weak recommendations could be made for self-report measures for postoperative and chronic pain .
No measures were recommended for children younger than 6 years , identifying a need for further measurement refinement in this age range .
Abstract In 2006 , PAIN published a systematic review of the measurement properties of self-report pain intensity measures  in children and adolescents ( Stinson JN , Kavanagh T , Yamada J , Gill N , Stevens B. Systematic review of the psychometric properties , interpretability and feasibility of self-report pain intensity measures for use in clinical trials in children and adolescents .
Key developments in pediatric pain necessitate an up date of this work , most notably growing use of the 11-point numeric rating scale ( NRS-11 ) .
Our aim was to review the measurement properties of single-item self-report pain intensity measures in children 3 to 18 years old .
A secondary aim was to develop evidence -based recommendations for measurement of child and adolescent self-report of acute , postoperative , and chronic pain .
The faces pain scale for the self-assessment of the severity of pain experienced by children: Development, initial validation, and preliminary investigation for ratio scale properties
& NA ; Altogether 553 children ( 195 first grade rs , mean age 6.8 years , and 358 third grade rs , mean age 8.7 years ) participated in the development of a self‐report measure to assess the intensity of children 's pain .  The first step was the derivation , from children 's drawings of facial expressions of pain , of 5 sets of 7 schematic faces depicting changes in severity of expressed pain from no pain to the most pain possible . With the set of faces that achieved the highest agreement in pain ordering , additional studies were conducted to determine whether the set had the properties of a scale . In one study , children rank‐ordered the faces on 2 occasions , separated by 1 week . All 7 faces were correctly ranked by 64 % ( retest 1 week later , 61 % ) of grade 1 children and by 86 % ( retest 89 % ) of grade 3 children . In a second study , the faces were presented in all possible paired combinations . All 7 faces were correctly placed by 62 % ( retest 86 % ) of the younger and by 75 % ( retest 71 % ) of the older subjects . A third study asked children to place faces along scale : a procedure allowing a check on the e quality of intervals . The fourth study checked on whether pain was acting as an underlying construct for ordering the faces in memory . We asked whether children perceived the set as a scale by asking if memory for an ordered set of faces was more accurate than for a r and om set . The final study checked , with 6‐year‐old children , the test‐retest reliability of ratings for recalled experiences of pain . Overall , the faces pain scale incorporates conventions used by children , has achieved strong agreement in the rank ordering of pain , has indications that the intervals are close to equal , and is treated by children as a scale . The test‐retest data suggest that it may prove to be a reliable index over time of self‐reported pain
Based on available evidence , the NRS-11 , FPS-R , and CAS were strongly recommended for self-report of acute pain .
Only weak recommendations could be made for self-report measures for postoperative and chronic pain .
No measures were recommended for children younger than 6 years , identifying a need for further measurement refinement in this age range .
Abstract In 2006 , PAIN published a systematic review of the measurement properties of self-report pain intensity measures  in children and adolescents ( Stinson JN , Kavanagh T , Yamada J , Gill N , Stevens B. Systematic review of the psychometric properties , interpretability and feasibility of self-report pain intensity measures for use in clinical trials in children and adolescents .
Key developments in pediatric pain necessitate an up date of this work , most notably growing use of the 11-point numeric rating scale ( NRS-11 ) .
Our aim was to review the measurement properties of single-item self-report pain intensity measures in children 3 to 18 years old .
A secondary aim was to develop evidence -based recommendations for measurement of child and adolescent self-report of acute , postoperative , and chronic pain .