In conclusion , polyphenols can successfully reduce HbA1c in T2DM without any intervention at glycemia , and could contribute to the prevention of diabetes complications
ABSTRACT Polyphenols have been extensively studied for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties .
Recently , their antiglycative actions by oxidative stress modulation have been linked to the prevention of diabetes and associated complications .
This article assesses the evidence for polyphenol interventions on glycohemoglobin ( HbA1c ) in non-diabetic , pre-diabetic , and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) subjects .
Short-term oral ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) reduces malondialdehyde levels in washed platelets of type 2 diabetic subjects.
We have recently reported that ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract ( EGb 761 ) ( a ) significantly reduced collagen-induced platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 ( TXB2 ) production in both non-diabetic individuals as well as those with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) , ( b ) significantly reduced platelet malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , an index of lipid peroxidation , in non-diabetic subjects . In the present study we report that ingestion of EGb 761 ( 120 mg daily for 3 months ) , significantly decreased platelet MDA-thiobarbituric acid reacting substances ( TBARS ) ( 41 + /- 9 pmol/10(7 ) platelets versus 30 + /- 11 pmol/10(7 ) platelets ) ( p < 0.005 ) in T2DM subjects with normal cholesterol levels ( total cholesterol , 164 + /- 22 mg/dl ; age , 54 + /- 9 years ; BMI , 35.0 + /- 8.8 kg/m2 , n = 12 ) . In T2DM subjects with high cholesterol ( total cholesterol , 218 + /- 15 mg/dl ; age , 52 + /- 5 years ; BMI , 36.2 + /- 6.6 kg/m2 , n = 7 ) , EGb 761 ingestion reduced the platelet TBARS from 29 + /- 9 to 22 + /- 9 pmol/10(7 ) platelets ( p < 0.04 ) . Because ingestion of EGb 761 did not alter platelet counts it is concluded that EGb 761 , probably due to the flavonoid fraction , reduced the TBARS by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX)-1-mediated arachidonic acid oxygenation or by reducing the arachidonic acid pool . This is likely to lead to a reduction of platelet hyperactivity , a significant contributor to the development of cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients . Because of other reported beneficial properties of EGb 761 , such as stimulation of pancreatic beta-cell function in T2DM subjects with pancreatic exhaustion , it appears that T2DM subjects might benefit from ingesting EGb 761 as a dietary supplement
In conclusion , polyphenols can successfully reduce HbA1c in T2DM without any intervention at glycemia , and could contribute to the prevention of diabetes complications
ABSTRACT Polyphenols have been extensively studied for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties .
Recently , their antiglycative actions by oxidative stress modulation have been linked to the prevention of diabetes and associated complications .
This article assesses the evidence for polyphenol interventions on glycohemoglobin ( HbA1c ) in non-diabetic , pre-diabetic , and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) subjects .