Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .
Wound complications after hand assisted laparoscopic surgery.
PURPOSE  H and assisted laparoscopic surgery ( HALS )  provides benefits similar to st and ard laparoscopy but generally requires a larger incision . We assessed the nature of and risk factors for incisional complications after HALS . MATERIAL S AND METHODS All patients who underwent HALS at our institution from February 1997 through December 2003 were included in a prospect i ve and retrospective review to assess postoperative wound complications . Literature regarding wound complications associated with open surgery and st and ard laparoscopy was review ed . RESULTS A total of 424 consecutive procedures performed on 422 patients were evaluated . Postoperative HALS incision site complications included 29 infections ( 6.8 % ) , 15 hernias ( 3.5 % ) and 2 dehiscences ( 0.5 % ) . Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that HALS incision site hernias were associated with current or past tobacco smoking ( 6.0 % , p = 0.04 ) , with a trend toward significance for diabetes mellitus ( 14 % , p = 0.07 ) , male gender ( 5.3 % , p = 0.08 ) and renal failure ( 16 % , p = 0.08 ) . HALS incision site infections were associated with omission of perioperative antibiotics ( 13 % , p = 0.007 ) , obesity ( 12 % , p = 0.03 ) and increased operative time ( 252 vs 222 minutes in patients with and without infection , respectively , p = 0.001 ) . CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that wound infections and hernias occur less frequently with HALS than with open surgery , but more often than with st and ard laparoscopy . Certain patient comorbidities ( eg obesity ) , modifiable risk factors ( eg smoking status ) and procedural variables ( eg omission of perioperative antibiotics or length of procedure ) may adversely influence HALS wound complications . This information can be used to decide between HALS and st and ard laparoscopic approaches in particular patients
Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .