Conclusions Plant-based diets are associated with decreased total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , but not with decreased triglycerides .
Context Although a recent meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials showed that adoption of a vegetarian diet reduces plasma lipids , the association between vegetarian diets and long-term effects on plasma lipids has not been subjected to meta- analysis .
Objective The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta- analysis of observational studies and clinical trials that have examined associations between plant-based diets and plasma lipids .
Withdrawal of red meat from the usual diet reduces albuminuria and improves serum fatty acid profile in type 2 diabetes patients with macroalbuminuria.
BACKGROUND Replacement of red meat in the diet with chicken has reduced the urinary albumin excretion rate ( UAER ) and serum cholesterol in microalbuminuric type 2 diabetes patients . The effects of withdrawing red meat are unknown in the more advanced stages of diabetic nephropathy . OBJECTIVE Our objective was to assess the effects of replacing red meat in the usual diet ( UD ) with chicken ( CD ) and of consuming a lactovegetarian low-protein diet ( LPD ) on renal function , fatty acid , and lipid profile in macroalbuminuric type 2 diabetes patients . DESIGN A crossover controlled trial was conducted in 17 type 2 diabetes patients with macroalbuminuria ( 24-h UAER > or = 200 microg/min ) . Each patient followed the UD , CD , and LPD in a r and om order for 4 wk . After each diet , glomerular filtration rate , UAER , serum fatty acid , lipid profile , glycemic control , anthropometric indexes , and blood pressure were measured . RESULTS UAER [ median CD : 269.4 ( range : 111 - 1128 ) microg/min ; LPD : 229.3 ( 76.6 - 999.3 ) microg/min ; UD : 312.8 ( 223.7 - 1223.7 ) microg/min ; P < 0.01 ] and mean ( + /-SD ) non-HDL cholesterol ( CD : 3.92 + /- 0.99 mmol/L ; LPD : 3.92 + /- 0.93 mmol/L ; UD : 4.23 + /- 1.06 mmol/L ; P = 0.042 ) were lower after CD and LPD than after UD . Compared with the UD , an increase in serum total polyunsaturated fatty acids was also observed ( CD : 39.8 + /- 2.6 % ; LPD : 39.7 + /- 4.4 % ; UD : 37.3 + /- 3.1 % ; P = 0.029 ) . CONCLUSION In macroalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes , withdrawing red meat from the diet reduces the UAER
Conclusions Plant-based diets are associated with decreased total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , but not with decreased triglycerides .
Context Although a recent meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials showed that adoption of a vegetarian diet reduces plasma lipids , the association between vegetarian diets and long-term effects on plasma lipids has not been subjected to meta- analysis .
Objective The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta- analysis of observational studies and clinical trials that have examined associations between plant-based diets and plasma lipids .