Although the level of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on vaginal health is low in our study , we concluded that vitamin D may improve the vaginal health of women , especially during menopause
Menopause is associated with the onset of climacteric symptoms due to low estradiol levels , which may cause insufficient maturation of the vaginal mucosa .
Vitamin D may regulate the growth and differentiation of cells that are adversely affected due to low estradiol levels , thereby restoring vaginal health .
The objective of this systematic review , the first on this subject , was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the  vaginal health of menopausal women .
Non-hormonal treatment of vulvo-vaginal atrophy-related symptoms in post-menopausal women
In post-menopausal period vulvo-vaginal atrophy (VVA)-related symptoms may seriously affect women 's quality of life . Hormonal replacement therapy effectively relieves these symptoms but it is not always safe or accepted , and a non-hormonal treatment is often needed instead . Over a period of 12 weeks , we tested the effect of a twice-a-week vulvo-vaginal application of a hyaluronic acid , AC collagen , isoflavones and vitamins-based cream ( Perilei Pausa ® ) on 35 women in post-menopausal period , reporting VVA-related symptoms . After 12 weeks of treatment with Perilei Pausa ® a significant improvement in vaginal dryness , vulvo-vaginal itching , dyspareunia ( P < 0.001 ) , dysuria ( P = 0.02 ) , nocturia ( P = 0.009 ) and pollakiuria ( P = 0.005 ) was reported by the women . Colposcopical score assessing the intensity of atrophic colpitis , cervico-vaginal paleness and petechiae was also reduced ( P = 0.037 , P = 0.016 and P = 0.032 , respectively ) . No significant difference in terms of maturation value of cervico-vaginal epithelium was observed . In conclusion , Perilei Pausa ® may represent an effective and safe alternative treatment of symptomatic VVA in post-menopausal women
Although the level of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on vaginal health is low in our study , we concluded that vitamin D may improve the vaginal health of women , especially during menopause
Menopause is associated with the onset of climacteric symptoms due to low estradiol levels , which may cause insufficient maturation of the vaginal mucosa .
Vitamin D may regulate the growth and differentiation of cells that are adversely affected due to low estradiol levels , thereby restoring vaginal health .
The objective of this systematic review , the first on this subject , was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the  vaginal health of menopausal women .