Results from the network meta-analyses confirmed these findings .
Conclusions Moderate- quality evidence from the present network meta- analysis suggests that D + E can be highly recommended for long-term obesity management .
Furthermore , the evidence suggests a moderate superiority of D over E with respect to anthropometric outcomes .
Background The aim of this meta- analysis was to compare the long-term efficacy of diet plus exercise ( D + E ) vs. diet ( D ) , D + E vs. exercise ( E ) and D vs. E on anthropometric outcomes and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese participants .
Effects of walking or resistance training on weight loss maintenance in obese, middle-aged men: a randomized trial
Objective : To investigate whether walking or resistance training  improves weight maintenance after weight loss when added to dietary counselling . Design : Two months ' weight reduction with very-low-energy-diet ( VLED ) followed by r and omization into three groups ( control , walking , resistance training ) for 6 months ' weight maintenance ( WM ) program and 23 months ' unsupervised follow-up . During VLED and WM all groups received similar dietary counselling . Subjects : The main inclusion criteria were BMI > 30 kg/m2 , waist>100 cm and physical inactivity ( exercise ≤ once a week ) . Ninety healthy , obese ( mean BMI 32.9 kg/m2 and waist 112.5 cm ) , 35–50 y-old men started the study and 68 were measured at the end of the study .  Measurements : Weight and body composition assessed by underwater weighing . Exercise diaries and dietary records to assess energy balance . Results : During VLED the mean body weight decreased from 106.0 ( s.d . 9.9 ) kg to 91.7 ( 9.4 ) kg . Weight was regained mostly during follow-up and in the end of the study the mean weight in groups was 99.9–102.0 kg . Exercise training did not improve short or long-term weight maintenance when compared to the control group . However , resistance training  attenuated the regain of body fat mass during WM ( P=0.0l ) , but not during follow-up . In the combined groups the estimated total energy expenditure ( EE ) of reported physical activity was associated with less weight regain during WM . EE of 10.1 MJ/week was associated with maintaining weight after weight loss . EE of physical activity tended to decrease after WM in exercise groups due to poor long-term adherence to prescribed exercise . Energy intake seemed to increase during follow-up . Conclusion : Exercise training of moderate dose did not seem to improve long-term weight maintenance because of poor adherence to prescribed exercise
Results from the network meta-analyses confirmed these findings .
Conclusions Moderate- quality evidence from the present network meta- analysis suggests that D + E can be highly recommended for long-term obesity management .
Furthermore , the evidence suggests a moderate superiority of D over E with respect to anthropometric outcomes .
Background The aim of this meta- analysis was to compare the long-term efficacy of diet plus exercise ( D + E ) vs. diet ( D ) , D + E vs. exercise ( E ) and D vs. E on anthropometric outcomes and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese participants .