There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .
Effects of a low-fat diet compared with those of a high-monounsaturated fat diet on body weight, plasma lipids and lipoproteins, and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
BACKGROUND An important therapeutic goal for patients with type 2 diabetes is weight loss , which improves metabolic abnormalities . Ad libitum low-fat diets cause weight loss in nondiabetic population s. Compared with diets higher in monounsaturated fat , however , eucaloric low-fat diets may increase plasma triacylglycerol concentrations and worsen glycemic control in persons with type 2 diabetes . OBJECTIVE We investigated whether , in type 2 diabetes patients , an ad libitum low-fat diet would cause greater weight loss than would a high-monounsaturated fat diet and would do this without increasing plasma triacylglycerol concentrations or worsening glycemic control . DESIGN Eleven patients with type 2 diabetes were r and omly assigned to receive an ad libitum low-fat , high-carbohydrate diet or a high-monounsaturated fat diet , each for 6 wk . The diets offered contained 125 % of the estimated energy requirement to allow self- selection of food quantity . The response variables were body weight ; fasting plasma lipid , lipoprotein , glucose , glycated hemoglobin A(1c ) , and fructosamine concentrations ; insulin sensitivity ; and glucose disposal . RESULTS Body weight decreased significantly ( 1.53 kg ; P < 0.001 ) only with the low-fat diet .  Plasma total , LDL- , and HDL-cholesterol concentrations tended to decrease during both diets . There were no interaction effects between diet and the lipid profile response over time . Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations , glycemic control , and insulin sensitivity did not differ significantly between the 2 diets . CONCLUSION Contrary to expectations , the ad libitum , low-fat , high-fiber diet promoted weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes without causing unfavorable alterations in plasma lipids or glycemic control
There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .