We found high quality evidence that hormone therapy in both primary and secondary prevention conferred no protective effects for all-cause mortality , cardiovascular death , non-fatal myocardial infa rct ion , angina , or revascularisation .
There was no strong evidence of effect on risk of stroke in this group .
Our review findings provide strong evidence that treatment with hormone therapy in post-menopausal women overall , for either primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease events has little if any benefit and causes an increase in the risk of stroke and venous thromboembolic events
BACKGROUND Evidence from systematic review s of observational studies suggests that hormone therapy may have beneficial effects in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular disease events in post-menopausal women , however the results of r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) have had mixed results .
This is an up date d version of a Cochrane review published in 2013 .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of hormone therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women , and whether there are differential effects between use in primary or secondary prevention .
Secondary aims were to undertake exploratory analyses to ( i ) assess the impact of time since menopause that treatment was commenced ( ≥ 10 years versus < 10 years ) , and where these data were not available , use age of trial participants at baseline as a proxy ( ≥ 60 years of age versus < 60 years of age ) ; and ( ii ) assess the effects of length of time on treatment .
Effects of conjugated equine estrogen on health-related quality of life in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: results from the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trial.
BACKGROUND The Women 's Health Initiative ( WHI ) clinical trial of conjugated equine estrogens ( CEEs ) , involving 10,739 postmenopausal women with hysterectomy , aged 50 to 79 years , was stopped early owing to lack of overall health benefit and increased risk of stroke . Because CEE is still prescribed for treatment of menopausal symptoms and prevention of osteoporosis , it is important to underst and the overall impact of this therapy on health-related quality of life ( HRQOL ) . METHODS All participants completed 6 specific measures of quality of life at baseline and 1 year , and a sub sample ( n = 1189 ) also completed the questions 3 years after r and omization . Changes in scores were analyzed for treatment effect . RESULTS R and omization to CEE was associated with a statistically significant but small reduction in sleep disturbance at year 1 compared with baseline ( mean benefit , 0.4 points on a 20-point scale ) and a statistically significant but small negative effect on social functioning ( mean effect , -1.3 points on a 100-point scale ) . There were no significant improvements due to CEE in the areas of general health , physical functioning , pain , vitality , role functioning , mental health , depressive symptoms , cognitive function , or sexual satisfaction at year 1 . A subgroup examined 3 years after baseline had no significant benefits for any HRQOL outcomes . Among women aged 50 to 54 years with moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms at baseline , CEE did not improve any of the HRQOL variables at year 1 . CONCLUSION In this trial of postmenopausal women with prior hysterectomy , oral CEE did not have a clinical ly meaningful effect on HRQOL
We found high quality evidence that hormone therapy in both primary and secondary prevention conferred no protective effects for all-cause mortality , cardiovascular death , non-fatal myocardial infa rct ion , angina , or revascularisation .
There was no strong evidence of effect on risk of stroke in this group .
Our review findings provide strong evidence that treatment with hormone therapy in post-menopausal women overall , for either primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease events has little if any benefit and causes an increase in the risk of stroke and venous thromboembolic events
BACKGROUND Evidence from systematic review s of observational studies suggests that hormone therapy may have beneficial effects in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular disease events in post-menopausal women , however the results of r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) have had mixed results .
This is an up date d version of a Cochrane review published in 2013 .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of hormone therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women , and whether there are differential effects between use in primary or secondary prevention .
Secondary aims were to undertake exploratory analyses to ( i ) assess the impact of time since menopause that treatment was commenced ( ≥ 10 years versus < 10 years ) , and where these data were not available , use age of trial participants at baseline as a proxy ( ≥ 60 years of age versus < 60 years of age ) ; and ( ii ) assess the effects of length of time on treatment .