: Probiotic supplementation reduces the risk of LOS in preterm infants
CONTEXT : Late-onset sepsis ( LOS ) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants .
Despite various preventive measures , its incidence continues to remain high , hence the urgent need for additional approaches .
One such potential strategy is supplementation with probiotics .
Currently there are > 30 r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) of probiotics in preterm infants that have reported on LOS .
Neonatal infections in China, Malaysia, Hong Kong and Thailand
Objective Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal deaths in Asia but data remain scarce . We aim ed to investigate the causative organisms and antibiotic resistance in neonatal care units in China , Malaysia , Hong Kong and Thail and . Methods Prospect i ve cohort study of neonatal sepsis defined as positive culture of a single potentially pathogenic organism from blood or cerebrospinal fluid differentiated into early-onset sepsis ( EOS ) occurring <3 days of birth and late-onset sepsis ( LOS ) ≥3 days after birth . Results During the study period , there were 963 episodes of neonatal sepsis . The incidence of EOS was 0.62 ( 95 % CI 0.45 to 0.82 ) per 1000 live births or 4.91 ( 95 % CI 4.22 to 5.68 ) per 1000 admissions while the incidence of LOS was 5.00 ( 95 % CI 4.51 to 5.53 ) per 1000 live births or 21.22 ( 95 % CI 19.79 to 22.77 ) per 1000 admissions . The incidence of Group B Streptococcus ( GBS ) sepsis was low but remained the most common single pathogen for EOS among inborn babies . Klebsiella spp . was the most common Gram-negative organism causing most deaths . The case-fatality was 7.0 % ( 95 % CI 3.9 % to 12.0 % ) for EOS and 16.0 % ( 95 % CI 13.7 % to 19.0 % ) for LOS , and was significantly different between participating units after adjusting for potential confounders . Of all Gram-negative organisms , 47 % , 37 % and 32 % were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins , gentamicin or both , respectively . Conclusions The pattern of EOS in Asian setting s is similar to that in industrialised countries with low incidence of GBS sepsis . The important features of neonatal sepsis in Asia are the burden of Klebsiella spp . and high level of antibiotic resistance . These should be addressed while developing measures to reduce neonatal mortality due to infection
: Probiotic supplementation reduces the risk of LOS in preterm infants
CONTEXT : Late-onset sepsis ( LOS ) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants .
Despite various preventive measures , its incidence continues to remain high , hence the urgent need for additional approaches .
One such potential strategy is supplementation with probiotics .
Currently there are > 30 r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) of probiotics in preterm infants that have reported on LOS .