Based on the evidence review ed , low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets are not superior to other dietary approaches for weight loss .
These diets may have advantages related to appetite control , triglyceride reduction , and reduction in the use of medication in T2D management .
The evidence review ed showed mixed effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with some studies showing an increase .
There was no clear evidence for advantages regarding effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers .
Historically , low-carbohydrate ( CHO ) and very-low-CHO diets have been used for weight loss .
Recently , these diets have been promoted for type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) management .
This scientific statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence base available from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses on the effects of low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets on body weight , lipoprotein lipids , glycemic control , and other cardiometabolic risk factors .
Interest in the Ketogenic Diet Grows for Weight Loss and Type 2 Diabetes.
This summer , 25 overweight and obese adults participating in a tightly controlled feeding study will take up fulltime residence for 3 months at a wooded lakefront center in Ashl and , Massachusetts . However , before checking in at Framingham State University ’s Warren Conference Center and Inn , they will have to lose 15 % of their body weight on a calorie-restricted diet with home-delivered meals . Those who pass this hurdle will be invited to the inn , where they ’ll be r and omly assigned to 1 of 3 equal-calorie diets : a lowfat , high-carbohydrate diet that ’s either high or low in added sugar or a very lowcarbohydrate , high-fat ketogenic diet that causes the body to switch from burning carbohydrates to burning fat . The group will be the first of 5 that will participate in the trial over 3 years . Changes in body fat mass and energy expenditure will be assessed to determine if any of the diets have a unique effect on metabolism , while controlling calorie intake , in people who have already lost weight . “ It ’s hard to lose weight , but it ’s much harder to maintain that weight loss because of well-described physiological adaptations , ” said coprincipal investigator David S. Ludwig , MD , PhD , a professor of pediatrics and nutrition at Harvard Medical School and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health . After most diet-induced weight loss , “ hunger goes up and metabolic rate goes down , and tendency to restore fat increases . ” But there are hints that the ketogenic diet may be different . A meta- analysis of 13 r and omized controlled trials suggested that people on ketogenic diets tend to lose more weight and keep more of it off than people on low-fat diets . People placed on these diets often report decreased hunger , according to Amy Miskimon Goss , PhD , RD , an assistant professor at the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( UAB ) Nutrition Obesity Research Center . The appetitesuppressing powers of the diet are n’t fully understood but could have to do with the satiating properties of fat and protein , changes in appetite-regulating hormones on a low-carb diet , a direct hunger-reducing role of ketone bodies— the body ’s main fuel source on the diet — or other factors . Additionally , the ketogenic diet may not affect metabolism the same way other diets do . In a previous study , Ludwig found that metabolism slowed by more than 400 kcal/d on a low-fat diet while there was no significant decline in metabolic rate on a  very low-carb diet . Medical News & Perspectives ........
Based on the evidence review ed , low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets are not superior to other dietary approaches for weight loss .
These diets may have advantages related to appetite control , triglyceride reduction , and reduction in the use of medication in T2D management .
The evidence review ed showed mixed effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with some studies showing an increase .
There was no clear evidence for advantages regarding effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers .
Historically , low-carbohydrate ( CHO ) and very-low-CHO diets have been used for weight loss .
Recently , these diets have been promoted for type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) management .
This scientific statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence base available from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses on the effects of low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets on body weight , lipoprotein lipids , glycemic control , and other cardiometabolic risk factors .