Identified evidence suggests that cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) prevention services should consider regulation of blood glucose as a key target for intervention .
The primary objective of this study was to analyze the most up-to- date evidence regarding whether and how blood sugar regulation influences cardiovascular health promotion and disease prevention by carrying out an umbrella review .
Effect of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin on plasma volume in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
AIM To evaluate the effects of canagliflozin on plasma volume , urinary glucose excretion ( UGE ) , fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) , glycated haemoglobin ( HbA1c ) and additional measures of fluid/electrolyte balance in patients with type 2 diabetes on background therapy with metformin and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers . METHODS Patients ( N = 36 ) were r and omized ( 1:1 ) to receive canagliflozin 300 mg or placebo for 12 weeks .  Pharmacodynamic parameters were assessed at baseline and at weeks 1 and 12 . RESULTS Increased 24-h UGE was seen in the canagliflozin group compared with a reduction in the placebo group at both week 1 ( 91.8 vs. -2.4 g ) and week 12 ( 82.6 vs. -0.4 g ) . Canagliflozin also reduced both FPG and HbA1c . Reductions in body weight and blood pressure were observed at weeks 1 and 12 . Canagliflozin decreased plasma volume compared with an increase with placebo at week 1 ( -5.4 vs. 4.3 % ; p = 0.02 ) , but this was largely attenuated at week 12 ( 4.6 vs. 5.8 % ; p = 0.76 ) . A modest numerical increase in urine volume was observed with canagliflozin at week 1 that was attenuated at week 12 ; other measures of volume status ( i.e. blood urea nitrogen , serum creatinine and haematocrit ) remained modestly increased with canagliflozin at week 12 . CONCLUSION Canagliflozin provided sustained effects on UGE and FPG over 12 weeks and a transient reduction in plasma volume that was largely attenuated by week 12
Identified evidence suggests that cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) prevention services should consider regulation of blood glucose as a key target for intervention .
The primary objective of this study was to analyze the most up-to- date evidence regarding whether and how blood sugar regulation influences cardiovascular health promotion and disease prevention by carrying out an umbrella review .