A subgroup analysis reported significant differences in the promotion of physical activity based on baseline physical activity levels and the type of instrument used to assess levels of physical activity .
Long-term efficacy and effectiveness of a behavioural and community-based exercise intervention (Urban Training) to increase physical activity in patients with COPD: a randomised controlled trial
There is a need to increase and maintain physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) . We assessed 12-month efficacy and effectiveness of the Urban Training intervention on  physical activity  in COPD patients . This r and omised controlled trial ( NCT01897298 ) allocated 407 COPD patients from primary and hospital setting s 1:1 to usual care  ( n=205 ) or Urban Training  ( n=202 ) . Urban Training consisted of a baseline motivational interview , advice to walk on urban trails design ed for COPD patients in outdoor public spaces and other optional components for feedback , motivation , information and support ( pedometer , calendar , physical activity brochure , website , phone text messages , walking groups and a phone number ) . The primary outcome was 12-month change in steps·day−1 measured by accelerometer . Efficacy analysis ( with per- protocol analysis set , n=233 classified as adherent to the assigned intervention ) showed adjusted ( 95 % CI ) 12-month difference + 957 ( 184–1731 ) steps·day−1 between Urban Training and usual care . Effectiveness analysis ( with intention-to-treat analysis set , n=280 patients completing the study at 12 months including unwilling and self-reported non-adherent patients ) showed no differences between groups . Leg muscle pain during walks was more frequently reported in Urban Training than usual care , without differences in any of the other adverse events . Urban Training , combining behavioural strategies with unsupervised outdoor walking , was efficacious in increasing physical activity after 12 months in COPD patients , with few safety concerns . However , it was ineffective in the full population including unwilling and self-reported non-adherent patients . Urban Training in COPD increased physical activity after 12 months but not in self-reported non-adherent patients
A subgroup analysis reported significant differences in the promotion of physical activity based on baseline physical activity levels and the type of instrument used to assess levels of physical activity .