The review was registered ( Number CRD42013004632 ) on PROSPERO , the International Prospect i ve Register of Systematic Review s. Results The results indicated that PA is associated with significant and beneficial changes in fat percentage , waist circumference , systolic blood pressure , insulin , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and total cholesterol , as well as with small non-significant changes in diastolic blood pressure , glucose , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol .
Conclusion Although limited , results from controlled trials suggest that PA intervention may improve physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents who are overweight or obese
Background The increasing prevalence of obesity in the pediatric age range has become a major concern .
Studies have investigated the role of physical activity ( PA ) to prevent obesity in this population .
However , previous review s did not focus on the effects of PA in overweight/obese adolescents on physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease altogether .
Objective The present systematic review analyzed trials investigating the effect of PA on aerobic capacity , muscle strength , body composition , hemodynamic variables , biochemical markers , and endothelial function in obese/overweight adolescents .
Improvement of early vascular changes and cardiovascular risk factors in obese children after a six-month exercise program.
OBJECTIVES The present study aim ed to assess the effect of a 6-month exercise program  in obese children on flow-mediated vasodilation ( FMD ) carotid intima-media thickness ( IMT ) and cardiovascular risk factors ( RF ) . BACKGROUND Childhood obesity contributes to adult obesity and subsequent cardiovascular disease . Physical inactivity is a major RF for obesity , endothelial dysfunction , and elevated carotid IMT , culminating in early atherosclerotic disease . METHODS Sixty-seven obese subjects ( age 14.7 + /- 2.2 years ) were r and omly assigned to 6 months ' exercise or non-exercise protocol . We examined the influence of exercises ( 1 h , 3 times/week ) on FMD , IMT , and cardiovascular risk profile . RESULTS Compared with lean control subjects , obese children demonstrated at baseline significantly impaired FMD ( 4.09 + /- 1.76 % vs. 10.65 + /- 1.95 % , p < 0.001 ) , increased IMT ( 0.48 + /- 0.08 mm vs. 0.37 + /- 0.05 mm , p < 0.001 ) , and a number of obesity-related cardiovascular RF . Significant improvements were observed in the exercise group for IMT ( 0.44 + /- 0.08 mm , p = 0.012 , -6.3 % ) and FMD ( 7.71 + /- 2.53 % , p < 0.001 , + 127 % ) . This improvement correlated with reduced RF , such as body mass index st and ard deviation scores , body fat mass , waist/hip ratio , ambulatory systolic blood pressure , fasting insulin , triglycerides , low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio , and low-degree inflammation ( C-reactive protein , fibrinogen ) . CONCLUSIONS The present study documented increased IMT , impaired endothelial function , and various elevated cardiovascular RF in young obese subjects . Regular exercise over 6 months restores endothelial function and improves carotid IMT associated with an improved cardiovascular risk profile in obese children
The review was registered ( Number CRD42013004632 ) on PROSPERO , the International Prospect i ve Register of Systematic Review s. Results The results indicated that PA is associated with significant and beneficial changes in fat percentage , waist circumference , systolic blood pressure , insulin , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and total cholesterol , as well as with small non-significant changes in diastolic blood pressure , glucose , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol .
Conclusion Although limited , results from controlled trials suggest that PA intervention may improve physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents who are overweight or obese
Background The increasing prevalence of obesity in the pediatric age range has become a major concern .
Studies have investigated the role of physical activity ( PA ) to prevent obesity in this population .
However , previous review s did not focus on the effects of PA in overweight/obese adolescents on physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease altogether .
Objective The present systematic review analyzed trials investigating the effect of PA on aerobic capacity , muscle strength , body composition , hemodynamic variables , biochemical markers , and endothelial function in obese/overweight adolescents .