Conclusions A multicomponent exercise program of high-speed training combined with simulated functional tasks is promising to enhance functional outcomes .
Due to substantial clinical heterogeneity of the target groups and specific dem and s of exercise modes , it is unclear which exercise program is optimal
Summary Osteoporosis affects many aspects of daily life .
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of exercise interventions on functional outcomes in persons with osteoporosis , in comparison with controls .
Impact of Tai Chi exercise on multiple fracture-related risk factors in post-menopausal osteopenic women: a pilot pragmatic, randomized trial
Background Tai Chi ( TC ) is a mind-body exercise that shows potential as an effective and safe intervention for preventing fall-related fractures in the elderly . Few r and omized trials have simultaneously evaluated TC 's potential to reduce bone loss and improve fall-predictive balance parameters in osteopenic women . Methods In a pragmatic r and omized trial , 86 post-menopausal osteopenic women , aged 45 - 70 , were recruited from community clinics . Women were assigned to either nine months of TC training plus usual care ( UC ) vs. UC alone . Primary outcomes were changes between baseline and nine months of bone mineral density ( BMD ) of the proximal femur and lumbar spine ( dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ) and serum markers of bone resorption and formation . Secondary outcomes included quality of life . In a sub sample ( n = 16 ) , quiet st and ing fall-predictive sway parameters and clinical balance tests were also assessed . Both intent-to-treat and per- protocol analyses were employed . Results For BMD , no intent-to-treat analyses were statistically significant ; however , per protocol analyses ( i.e. , only including TC participants who completed ≥ 75 % training requirements ) of femoral neck BMD changes were significantly different between TC and UC ( + 0.04 vs. -0.98 % ; P = 0.05 ) . Changes in bone formation markers and physical domains of quality of life were also more favorable in per protocol TC vs. UC ( P = 0.05 ) . Changes in sway parameters were significantly improved by TC vs. UC ( average sway velocity , P = 0.027 ; anterior-posterior sway range , P = 0.014 ) . Clinical measures of balance and function showed non-significant trends in favor of TC . Conclusions TC training offered through existing community-based programs is a safe , feasible , and promising intervention for reducing multiple fracture risks . Our results affirm the value of a more definitive , longer-term trial of TC for osteopenic women , adequately powered to detect clinical ly relevant effects of TC on attenuation of BMD loss and reduction of fall risk in this population .Trial Registration Clinical Trials.gov :
Conclusions A multicomponent exercise program of high-speed training combined with simulated functional tasks is promising to enhance functional outcomes .
Due to substantial clinical heterogeneity of the target groups and specific dem and s of exercise modes , it is unclear which exercise program is optimal
Summary Osteoporosis affects many aspects of daily life .
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of exercise interventions on functional outcomes in persons with osteoporosis , in comparison with controls .