A healthier dietary pattern was associated with better cognitive outcomes in all studies , although some of the reported associations were weak and the measures used varied across the studies .
Conclusions Physical activity and healthy diets in early childhood are associated with better cognitive outcomes  in young children .
Objective Given the high prevalence of suboptimal nutrition and low activity levels in children , we systematic ally review ed the literature on the relationship between physical activity and dietary patterns and cognitive development in early childhood ( six months to five years ) .
Socio-demographic and lifestyle determinants of 'Western-like' and 'Health conscious' dietary patterns in toddlers.
Determinants of a child 's diet shortly after weaning and lactation have been relatively understudied . The aim of the present study was hence to identify common dietary patterns in toddlers and to explore parental and child indicators of these dietary patterns . The study was a population -based , prospect i ve birth-cohort study in Rotterdam , the Netherl and s. Food consumption data of 2420 children aged 14 months were used . A ' Health conscious ' dietary pattern characterised by pasta , fruits , vegetables , oils , legumes and fish , and a ' Western-like ' dietary pattern characterised by snacks , animal fats , confectionery and sugar-containing beverages were extracted using principal component analysis . Low paternal education , low household income , parental smoking , multiparity , maternal BMI , maternal carbohydrate intake and television-watching of child were determinants of a ' Western-like ' diet , whereas parental age ,  dietary fibre  intake during pregnancy , introduction of solids after 6 months and female sex were inversely associated with a ' Western-like ' diet of the child . Maternal co-morbidity , alcohol consumption during pregnancy and female sex were inversely associated with a ' Health conscious ' dietary pattern of the child , while single parenthood , folic acid use and dietary fibre intake during pregnancy were positively associated . All aforementioned associations were statistically significant . In conclusion , both ' Western-like ' and ' Health conscious ' diets can already be identified in toddlers . Particularly , adherence to a ' Western-like ' diet is associated with unfavourable lifestyle factors of the parents and child , and low socio-economic background . These findings can form a basis for future epidemiological studies regarding dietary patterns and health outcomes in young children
A healthier dietary pattern was associated with better cognitive outcomes in all studies , although some of the reported associations were weak and the measures used varied across the studies .
Conclusions Physical activity and healthy diets in early childhood are associated with better cognitive outcomes  in young children .
Objective Given the high prevalence of suboptimal nutrition and low activity levels in children , we systematic ally review ed the literature on the relationship between physical activity and dietary patterns and cognitive development in early childhood ( six months to five years ) .