However , benefit was limited to antipsychotics and tricyclic antidepressants .
Conclusions Psychotropic drugs may be an effective treatment for FD , but the effect appears to be limited to antipsychotics and tricyclic antidepressants with fewer trials for other agents , meaning that firm conclusions for efficacy can not be made .
Objective Functional dyspepsia ( FD ) is a chronic gastroduodenal disorder .
Individuals with FD demonstrate visceral hypersensitivity , abnormal central pain processing , and low mood , but it is unclear whether psychotropic drugs are an effective treatment for the condition .
Clinical Guideline: Management of Gastroparesis
This guideline presents recommendations for the evaluation and management of patients with gastroparesis . Gastroparesis is identified in clinical practice through the recognition of the clinical symptoms and documentation of delayed gastric emptying . Symptoms from gastroparesis include nausea , vomiting , early satiety , postpr and ial fullness , bloating , and upper abdominal pain . Management of gastroparesis should include assessment and correction of nutritional state , relief of symptoms , improvement of gastric emptying and , in diabetics , glycemic control . Patient nutritional state should be managed by oral dietary modifications . If oral intake is not adequate , then enteral nutrition via jejunostomy tube needs to be considered . Parenteral nutrition is rarely required when hydration and nutritional state can not be maintained . Medical treatment entails use of prokinetic and antiemetic therapies . Current approved treatment options , including metoclopramide and gastric electrical stimulation ( GES , approved on a humanitarian device exemption ) , do not adequately address clinical need . Antiemetics have not been specifically tested in gastroparesis , but they may relieve nausea and vomiting . Other medications aim ed at symptom relief include unapproved medications or off-label indications , and include domperidone , erythromycin ( primarily over a short term ) , and central ly acting antidepressants used as symptom modulators . GES may relieve symptoms , including weekly vomiting frequency , and the need for nutritional supplementation , based on open-label studies . Second-line approaches include venting gastrostomy or feeding jejunostomy ; intrapyloric botulinum toxin injection was not effective in r and omized controlled trials . Most of these treatments are based on open-label treatment trials and small numbers . Partial gastrectomy and pyloroplasty should be used rarely , only in carefully selected patients . Attention should be given to the development of new effective therapies for symptomatic control
However , benefit was limited to antipsychotics and tricyclic antidepressants .
Conclusions Psychotropic drugs may be an effective treatment for FD , but the effect appears to be limited to antipsychotics and tricyclic antidepressants with fewer trials for other agents , meaning that firm conclusions for efficacy can not be made .
Objective Functional dyspepsia ( FD ) is a chronic gastroduodenal disorder .
Individuals with FD demonstrate visceral hypersensitivity , abnormal central pain processing , and low mood , but it is unclear whether psychotropic drugs are an effective treatment for the condition .