4 ) Conclusions : The analysis of the information here reported sheds light for the design of future clinical trials in adults with MS .
The best anthropometric parameters and units of measurement to monitor the interventions are related to dietary and physical exercise interventions .
( 1 ) Objective : to establish practical guidance for the design of future clinical trials in MS ( metabolic syndrome ) patients aged 18 and older , based on a systematic review of r and omized clinical trials connecting diet , physical exercise and changes in body composition . (
High caloric intake at breakfast vs. dinner differentially influences weight loss of overweight and obese women.
OBJECTIVE Few studies examined the association between time-of-day of nutrient intake and the metabolic syndrome . Our goal was to compare a weight loss diet with high caloric intake during breakfast to an isocaloric diet with high caloric intake at dinner . DESIGN AND METHODS Overweight and obese women ( BMI 32.4 ± 1.8 kg/m(2 ) ) with metabolic syndrome were r and omized into two isocaloric ( ~1400 kcal ) weight loss groups , a breakfast ( BF ) ( 700 kcal breakfast , 500 kcal lunch , 200 kcal dinner ) or a dinner ( D ) group ( 200 kcal breakfast , 500 kcal lunch , 700 kcal dinner ) for 12 weeks . RESULTS The BF group showed greater weight loss and waist circumference reduction . Although fasting glucose , insulin , and ghrelin were reduced in both groups , fasting glucose , insulin , and HOMA-IR decreased significantly to a greater extent in the BF group . Mean triglyceride levels decreased by 33.6 % in the BF group , but increased by 14.6 % in the D group . Oral glucose tolerance test led to a greater decrease of glucose and insulin in the BF group . In response to meal challenges , the overall daily glucose , insulin , ghrelin , and mean hunger scores were significantly lower , whereas mean satiety scores were significantly higher in the BF group . CONCLUSIONS High-calorie breakfast with reduced intake at dinner is beneficial and might be a useful alternative for the management of obesity and metabolic syndrome
4 ) Conclusions : The analysis of the information here reported sheds light for the design of future clinical trials in adults with MS .
The best anthropometric parameters and units of measurement to monitor the interventions are related to dietary and physical exercise interventions .
( 1 ) Objective : to establish practical guidance for the design of future clinical trials in MS ( metabolic syndrome ) patients aged 18 and older , based on a systematic review of r and omized clinical trials connecting diet , physical exercise and changes in body composition . (