Risperidone long-acting injectable was found to be effective in protecting from any mood/manic symptom compared to placebo , but not from depressive recurrences .
Add-on or monotherapy paliperidone palmitate in SAD patients  protected from psychotic , depressive , and manic symptoms .
In patients with BD-I with a manic episode at study enrolment , aripiprazole monohydrate significantly delayed time to recurrence of manic episodes without inducing depressive episodes .
LAIs  are effective and well-tolerated maintenance treatments for BD and SAD .
They showed better efficacy in preventing mania than depression .
LAIs may be first-line for BD-I and SAD patients with a manic predominant polarity and with non-adherence problems
Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics ( LAIs ) are used to overcome non-compliance in psychoses , mainly schizophrenia spectrum disorders .
We aim ed to summarize available evidence of studies comparing the efficacy of LAIs to placebo or oral medications for Bipolar Disorder ( BD ) and /or Schizoaffective Disorder ( SAD ) .
A long-term prospective study on the outcome of bipolar patients treated with long-acting injectable risperidone
Background : Risperidone is the first atypical antipsychotic to become available in a long-acting , injectable formulation . This is the first prospect i ve study to assess the effectiveness of long-acting risperidone in a cohort of bipolar patients . Methods : Twenty-nine DSM-IV acutely manic bipolar in patients with a history of poor or partial adherence to medication entered the mirror- design observational study . They received naturalistic treatment for a manic episode plus long-acting , injectable risperidone for a mean period of 2 years . The following measures were used to assess the effectiveness of risperidone  : the number of hospitalizations , the number of manic , mixed , and depressive episodes leading to hospitalization , the mean duration of hospitalizations , time to relapse , treatment adherence , aggression and suicide attempts . The Clinical Global Impressions ( CGI ) was used for clinical relevance as well . Results : During the follow-up , there was a significant decrease in the number of hospitalizations per patient ( Z−2.72 P<0.006 ) , in the number of manic or mixed episodes leading to hospitalization ( Z−2.68 P<0.007 ) but not in the hospitalizations due to depressive episodes , a decrease in the average length of hospitalization per patient ( Z−3.27 P<0.001 ) , a significant increase in the time to any new episode ( first relapse ) ( Z−3.28 , P<0.001 ) , and significant improvements in treatment adherence ( P<0.0001 ) and hetero-aggressive episodes ( P<0.0001 ) , but not suicide attempts ( P = NS ) . At study endpoint 14 patients ( 48 % ) were very much improved according to the CGI . Discussion : This observational long-term study provides support to long-acting injectable risperidone being effective for the maintenance treatment of mania and improving treatment adherence , reducing relapses and re-hospitalization rates
Risperidone long-acting injectable was found to be effective in protecting from any mood/manic symptom compared to placebo , but not from depressive recurrences .
Add-on or monotherapy paliperidone palmitate in SAD patients  protected from psychotic , depressive , and manic symptoms .
In patients with BD-I with a manic episode at study enrolment , aripiprazole monohydrate significantly delayed time to recurrence of manic episodes without inducing depressive episodes .
LAIs  are effective and well-tolerated maintenance treatments for BD and SAD .
They showed better efficacy in preventing mania than depression .
LAIs may be first-line for BD-I and SAD patients with a manic predominant polarity and with non-adherence problems
Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics ( LAIs ) are used to overcome non-compliance in psychoses , mainly schizophrenia spectrum disorders .
We aim ed to summarize available evidence of studies comparing the efficacy of LAIs to placebo or oral medications for Bipolar Disorder ( BD ) and /or Schizoaffective Disorder ( SAD ) .