No single measure was identified for use across the range of FND symptoms in adults .
Across r and omised controlled trials ( k=40 ) and observational treatment studies ( k=40 ) , outcome measures most often assessed core FND symptom change .
Other domains measured commonly were additional physical and psychological symptoms , life impact ( ie , quality of life , disability and general functioning ) and health economics/cost-utility ( eg , healthcare re source use and quality -adjusted life years ) .
CONCLUSIONS There are few well-vali date d FND-specific outcome measures .
OBJECTIVES We aim ed to identify existing outcome measures for functional neurological disorder ( FND ) , to inform the development of recommendations and to guide future research on FND outcomes .
Somatization Increases Disability Independent of Comorbidity
Background Somatoform disorders are an important factor in functional disability and role impairment , though their independent contribution to disability has been unclear because of prevalent medical and psychiatric comorbidity . Objectives To assess the extent of the overlap of somatization with other psychiatric disorders and medical problems , to compare the functional disability and role impairment of somatizing and non-somatizing patients , and to determine the independent contribution of somatization to functional disability and role impairment . Design Patients were surveyed with self-report question naires assessing somatization , psychiatric disorder , and role impairment . Medical morbidity was indexed with a computerized medical record audit . Participants Consecutive adults making scheduled visits to their primary care physicians at two hospital-affiliated primary care practice s on r and omly chosen days . Measurements Intermediate activities of daily living , social activities , and occupational disability . Results Patients with somatization , as well as those with serious medical and psychiatric illnesses , had significantly more impairment of activities of daily life and social activities . When these predictors were considered simultaneously in a multivariable regression , the association with somatization remained highly significant and was comparable to or greater than many major medical conditions . Conclusions Patients with somatization had substantially greater functional disability and role impairment than non-somatizing patients . The degree of disability was equal to or greater than that associated with many major , chronic medical disorders . Adjusting the results for psychiatric and medical co-morbidity had little effect on these findings
No single measure was identified for use across the range of FND symptoms in adults .
Across r and omised controlled trials ( k=40 ) and observational treatment studies ( k=40 ) , outcome measures most often assessed core FND symptom change .
Other domains measured commonly were additional physical and psychological symptoms , life impact ( ie , quality of life , disability and general functioning ) and health economics/cost-utility ( eg , healthcare re source use and quality -adjusted life years ) .
CONCLUSIONS There are few well-vali date d FND-specific outcome measures .
OBJECTIVES We aim ed to identify existing outcome measures for functional neurological disorder ( FND ) , to inform the development of recommendations and to guide future research on FND outcomes .