Levels of other adipocytokines were not significantly affected .
CONCLUSION Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation may increase adiponectin and reduce TNF-α levels in this population group .
BACKGROUND The objective of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to determine the effects of omega-3 supplementation on adipocytokine levels in adult prediabetic and diabetic individuals .
Serum Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Men: The Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study
OBJECTIVE The relationship between fish or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) and type 2 diabetes is inconclusive . Even contaminants in fish , such as mercury , may modify the effects . We investigated the associations between serum omega-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) , docosapentaenoic acid ( DPA ) , docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ) , α-linolenic acid ( ALA ) , hair mercury , and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older Finnish men . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 2,212 men from the prospect i ve , population -based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor study , aged 42–60 years and free of type 2 diabetes at baseline in 1984–1989 , were investigated . Serum PUFA and hair mercury were used as biomarkers for exposure . Dietary intakes  were assessed with 4-day food recording . Type 2 diabetes was assessed by self-administered question naires and fasting and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test blood glucose measurement at re-examination rounds 4 , 11 , and 20 years after the baseline and by record linkage to hospital discharge registry and reimbursement register on diabetes medication expenses . Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze associations . RESULTS During the average follow-up of 19.3 years , 422 men developed type 2 diabetes . Men in the highest versus the lowest serum EPA + DPA + DHA quartile had 33 % lower multivariate-adjusted risk for type 2 diabetes ( 95 % CI 13–49 ; P trend 0.01 ) . No statistically significant associations were observed with serum or dietary ALA , dietary fish or EPA + DHA , or hair mercury . CONCLUSIONS Serum long-chain omega-3 PUFA concentration , an objective biomarker for fish intake , was associated with long-term lower risk of type 2 diabetes
Levels of other adipocytokines were not significantly affected .
CONCLUSION Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation may increase adiponectin and reduce TNF-α levels in this population group .
BACKGROUND The objective of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to determine the effects of omega-3 supplementation on adipocytokine levels in adult prediabetic and diabetic individuals .