There was no important clinical meaningful benefit .
Adverse effectsWe found very low- quality evidence of the effect of exercise versus either no intervention , or usual care .
We found moderate- to low- quality evidence that exercise programmes probably slightly improve function , may reduce pain , and probably slightly reduce global patient assessment of disease activity , when compared with no intervention , and measured upon completion of the programme .
We found moderate- to low- quality evidence that exercise programmes probably have little or no effect on improving function or reducing pain , when compared with usual care , and may have little or no effect on reducing patient assessment of disease activity , when measured upon completion of the programmes .
We are uncertain whether exercise programmes improve spinal mobility , reduce fatigue , or induce adverse effects
BACKGROUND Exercise programmes are often recommended for managing ankylosing spondylitis ( AS ) , to reduce pain and improve or maintain functional capacity .
OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of exercise programmes for people with AS .
Gender-attributable differences in outcome of ankylosing spondylitis: long-term results from the Outcome in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Study.
OBJECTIVES To investigate gender-attributable differences regarding clinical outcome [ disease activity , physical function and quality of life ( QoL ) ] and radiographic damage in patients with AS over time . METHODS Data from the Outcome in AS International Study were used . Disease activity was assessed by the BASDAI , ASDAS and CRP ; physical function by BASFI ; QoL by the Short Form-36 , Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life ( ASQoL ) score and European Quality Of Life scale ; and radiographic damage by the modified Stoke AS Spine Score ( mSASSS ) . Cross-sectional comparative analyses were done at baseline . Next , separate models were created to assess gender-attributable differences on each outcome measure over time using time-adjusted generalized estimating equations . RESULTS A total of 216 patients [ 154 ( 72.3 % ) males , mean age 43.6 years ( s.d . 12.7 ) , symptom duration 20.5 years ( s.d . 11.8 ) , mean follow-up duration 8.3 years ( s.d . 4.1 ) ] were included . At baseline , male compared with female patients had lower self-reported disease activity ( BASDAI 3.2 vs 3.9 , P = 0.03 ) but more radiographic damage ( mSASSS 13.8 vs 6.5 , P = 0.02 ) . No significant gender-attributable differences in other clinical parameters were found . In multivariable analysis , male gender was significantly associated with a better ASQoL ( B = -1.18 , 95 % CI : -2.17 , -0.20 , P = 0.02 ) , and in a separate model with a higher mSASSS over time ( B = 8.24 , 95 % CI : 4.38 , 12.09 , P < 0.01 ) . CONCLUSION In this prospect i ve cohort study , no gender-attributable differences in disease activity or physical function over time were found . However , radiographic damage was more severe in males . Furthermore , males had a better QoL over time
There was no important clinical meaningful benefit .
Adverse effectsWe found very low- quality evidence of the effect of exercise versus either no intervention , or usual care .
We found moderate- to low- quality evidence that exercise programmes probably slightly improve function , may reduce pain , and probably slightly reduce global patient assessment of disease activity , when compared with no intervention , and measured upon completion of the programme .
We found moderate- to low- quality evidence that exercise programmes probably have little or no effect on improving function or reducing pain , when compared with usual care , and may have little or no effect on reducing patient assessment of disease activity , when measured upon completion of the programmes .
We are uncertain whether exercise programmes improve spinal mobility , reduce fatigue , or induce adverse effects
BACKGROUND Exercise programmes are often recommended for managing ankylosing spondylitis ( AS ) , to reduce pain and improve or maintain functional capacity .
OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of exercise programmes for people with AS .