Bariatric surgery  significantly lowered inflammatory factors ; however , baseline BMI , follow-up duration and type of surgery could impact the extent of observed effects
Obesity is one of the main causes of inflammation .
Previous studies have reported inconclusive results regarding the effect of bariatric surgery on inflammatory markers .
This systematic review and meta- analysis is aim ed at describing the effect of bariatric surgery on C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) .
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and calorie restriction induce comparable time-dependent effects on thyroid hormone function tests in obese female subjects.
OBJECTIVE Obesity and weight loss influence thyroid hormone physiology . The effects of weight loss by calorie restriction vs Roux-en-Y gastric bypass ( RYGB ) in obese subjects have not been studied in parallel . We hypothesized that differences in transient systemic inflammation and catabolic state between the intervention types could lead to differential effects on thyroid hormone physiology . DESIGN AND METHODS We recruited 12 lean and 27 obese females with normal fasting glucose ( normal glucose tolerant ( NGT ) ) and 27 obese females with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) for this study . Weight loss was achieved by restrictive treatment ( gastric b and ing or high-protein-low-calorie diet ) or by RYGB .  Fasting serum leptin , TSH , triiodothyronine ( T₃ ) , reverse T₃ ( rT₃ ) , and free thyroxine ( fT₄ ) concentrations were measured at baseline and 3 weeks and 3 months after the start of the interventions . RESULTS Obesity was associated with higher TSH , T₃ , and rT₃ levels and normal fT₄ levels in all the subjects when compared with the controls . After 3 weeks , calorie restriction and RYGB induced a decline in TSH levels and a rise in rT₃ and fT₄ levels . The increase in rT₃ levels correlated with serum interleukin 8 ( IL8 ) and IL6 levels . After 3 months , fT₄ and rT₃ levels returned to baseline levels , whereas TSH and T₃ levels were persistently decreased when compared with baseline levels . No differences in the effects on thyroid hormone parameters between the interventions or between NGT and T2DM subjects were observed at any time point . CONCLUSIONS In summary , weight loss directly influences thyroid hormone regulation , independently of the weight loss strategy used . The effects may be explained by a combination of decreased leptin levels and transient changes in peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism
Bariatric surgery  significantly lowered inflammatory factors ; however , baseline BMI , follow-up duration and type of surgery could impact the extent of observed effects
Obesity is one of the main causes of inflammation .
Previous studies have reported inconclusive results regarding the effect of bariatric surgery on inflammatory markers .
This systematic review and meta- analysis is aim ed at describing the effect of bariatric surgery on C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) .