Overall studies showed that nursing activities conferred increased risk for , and were associated with back disorders regardless of nursing technique , personal characteristics , and non-work-related factors .
Patient h and ling appears to confer the highest risk , but other nursing duties are also associated with elevated risk , and confound dose – response assessment s related to patient h and ling alone .
A threshold of nursing activities below which the risk of back disorders is not elevated has not been established .
Abstract Background : Although non-specific low back pain ( LBP ) is known to be multifactorial , studies from across the globe have documented their higher prevalence in nurses .
This systematic review was conducted to ascertain whether this much-documented association constitutes a causal relationship , and whether there is a discernible threshold of exposures associated with this elevated risk .
A dynamic 3D biomechanical evaluation of the load on the low back during different patient-handling tasks.
The objective of this study was to investigate the low-back loading during common  patient-h and ling  tasks . Ten female health care workers without formal training in patient h and ling performed nine patient-h and ling tasks including turning , lifting and repositioning a male stroke patient .  The low-back loading was quantified by net moment , compression , and shear forces at the L4/L5 joint , measured muscle activity ( EMG ) in erector spinae muscles and rate of perceived exertion ( RPE ; Borg scale ) . The experiments were videotaped with a 50Hz video system using five cameras , and the ground and bedside reaction forces of the health care worker were recorded by means of force platforms and force transducers on the bed . The biomechanical load was calculated using a dynamic 3D seven-segment model of the lower part of the body , and the forces at the L4/L5 joint were estimated by a 14 muscles cross-sectional model of the low back ( optimisation procedure ) . Compression force and torque showed high task dependency whereas the EMG data and the RPE values were more dependent on the subject . The peak compression during two tasks involving lifting the patient ( 4132/4433N ) was significantly higher than all other tasks . Four tasks involving repositioning the patient in the bed ( 3179/3091/2932/3094N ) did not differ , but showed higher peak compression than two tasks turning the patient in the bed ( 1618/2197N ) . Thus , in this study the patient-h and ling tasks could be classified into three groups-characterised by lifting , repositioning or turning-with different levels of peak net torque and compression at the L4/L5 joint
Overall studies showed that nursing activities conferred increased risk for , and were associated with back disorders regardless of nursing technique , personal characteristics , and non-work-related factors .
Patient h and ling appears to confer the highest risk , but other nursing duties are also associated with elevated risk , and confound dose – response assessment s related to patient h and ling alone .
A threshold of nursing activities below which the risk of back disorders is not elevated has not been established .
Abstract Background : Although non-specific low back pain ( LBP ) is known to be multifactorial , studies from across the globe have documented their higher prevalence in nurses .
This systematic review was conducted to ascertain whether this much-documented association constitutes a causal relationship , and whether there is a discernible threshold of exposures associated with this elevated risk .