There were mixed findings with regard to the use of CPTs to assess and manage medication , with contrasting evidence on their ability to support clinical decision-making .
There was a strong evidence base for the use of objective measures of activity to aid ADHD/non-ADHD group differentiation , which appears sensitive to medication effects and would also benefit from further research on their clinical utility .
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) is typically diagnosed using clinical observation and subjective informant reports .
Once children commence ADHD medication , robust monitoring is required to detect partial or non-responses .
The extent to which neuropsychological continuous performance tests ( CPTs ) and objective measures of activity can clinical ly aid the assessment and titration process in ADHD is not fully understood .
This review describes the current evidence base for the use of CPTs and objective ly measured activity to support the diagnostic procedure and medication management for children with ADHD .
Four data bases ( PsycINFO , Medline , Allied and Complementary Medicine ( AMED ) , and PsycARTICLES ) were systematic ally search ed to underst and the current evidence base for ( 1 ) the use of CPTs to aid clinical assessment of ADHD ; ( 2 ) the use of CPTs to aid medication management ; and ( 3 ) the clinical utility of objective measures of activity in ADHD .
Does Atomoxetine Improve Executive Function, Inhibitory Control, and Hyperactivity?: Results From a Placebo-Controlled Trial Using Quantitative Measurement Technology
Abstract The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of atomoxetine ( ATX ) on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)–related symptoms assessed as st and ard variables of a computer-based continuous performance test ( cb-CPT ) combined with a motion-tracking ( MT ) device . This was a 2-arm , 8-week , r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study in patients with ADHD ( 6–12 years ) . Therapy with ATX started with 0.5 mg/kg per day for 1 week , followed by 7 weeks on the target dosage of 1.2 mg/kg per day . Primary outcomes were cb-CPT/MT st and ard scores after 8 weeks using mixed models for repeated measurements . In addition , investigator-rated ADHD Rating Scale ( ADHD-RS ) , Weekly Ratings of Evening and Morning Behavior ( WREMB ) , and Clinical Global Impression – Severity-ADHD ( CGI-S-ADHD ) scores were assessed . Of 128 patients r and omized , 125 were evaluated ( ATX/placebo : 63/62 ) . Baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups ( overall , 80.2 % boys ; mean [ SD ] age , 9.0 [ 1.79 ] years ; comorbid Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Fourth Edition diagnosis , 40.0 % oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder ; prior stimulant treatment , 24.8 % ; ADHD-RS total score , 36.99 [ 11.56 ] ) . At week 8 , all cb-CPT/MT q-scores were significantly reduced versus placebo ( all P < 0.001 ) with effect sizes ( ESs ) of reaction time ( RT ) variation ( ES = 0.71 ) , mean RT ( ES = 0.41 ) , number of microevents ( ES = 1.00 ) , commission error rate ( ES = 0.50 ) , distance of movement ( ES = 0.90 ) , area of movement ( ES = 1.08 ) , omission error rate ( ES = 0.70 ) , time active ( ES = 0.69 ) , motion simplicity ( ES = 0.38 ) , and normalized variance of RT ( ES = 0.50 ) . Secondary end points also improved significantly in favor of ATX : ADHD-RS ( total score ES = 1.30 , P < 0.001 ; hyperactivity/impulsivity subscore ES = 1.37 , P < 0.001 ; inattention subscore ES = 1.07 , P < 0.001 ) , WREMB ( total score ES = 1.00 , P < 0.001 ; morning subscore ES = 0.59 , P = 0.002 ; evening subscore ES = 1.02 , P < 0.001 ) , CGI-S-ADHD ( ES = 1.11 , P < 0.001 ) . The results of this study show that ATX for 8 weeks significantly reduced ADHD-related symptoms as measured by the cb-CPT/MT
There were mixed findings with regard to the use of CPTs to assess and manage medication , with contrasting evidence on their ability to support clinical decision-making .
There was a strong evidence base for the use of objective measures of activity to aid ADHD/non-ADHD group differentiation , which appears sensitive to medication effects and would also benefit from further research on their clinical utility .
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) is typically diagnosed using clinical observation and subjective informant reports .
Once children commence ADHD medication , robust monitoring is required to detect partial or non-responses .
The extent to which neuropsychological continuous performance tests ( CPTs ) and objective measures of activity can clinical ly aid the assessment and titration process in ADHD is not fully understood .
This review describes the current evidence base for the use of CPTs and objective ly measured activity to support the diagnostic procedure and medication management for children with ADHD .
Four data bases ( PsycINFO , Medline , Allied and Complementary Medicine ( AMED ) , and PsycARTICLES ) were systematic ally search ed to underst and the current evidence base for ( 1 ) the use of CPTs to aid clinical assessment of ADHD ; ( 2 ) the use of CPTs to aid medication management ; and ( 3 ) the clinical utility of objective measures of activity in ADHD .