Results Based on consistent evidence from studies that were rated as moderate or strong , there is good evidence that military weight management interventions are effective in improving body composition for duration s of up to 12 months .
Effective interventions are more likely to be high intensity ( have a greater number of sessions ) , are more often delivered by specialists , and use theoretical base/behavioral change techniques and a st and ardized guideline .
Dietary interventions can potentially reduce total fat and saturated fat intake .
Dietary interventions that target the kitchen staff and /or increase the availability of healthy food are more likely to be effective in the short term .
The results regarding military physical fitness interventions were inconclusive .
Conclusion Despite limitations such as the diversity and heterogeneity of the included interventions , outcome measurements , and follow-up duration , this systematic review found good evidence that weight management interventions are effective , especially in terms of weight loss .
Background Research has been conducted to assess the effectiveness of weight management , dietary and physical activity interventions in military setting s. However , a recent and comprehensive overview is lacking .
The aim of this systematic review is to examine the evidence and describe key components of effective interventions in terms of improving body composition , dietary behaviors , and physical activity among active-duty military personnel .
Effects of an energy balance educational intervention and the COPE cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for Division I U.S. Air Force Academy female athletes
Background and purpose : Female athletes struggle harder than male athletes to lose body fat and maintain a leaner physique . The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an educational and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)‐based intervention on knowledge , body composition , anxiety , stress , and nutritional intake . Methods : A r and omized controlled trial was conducted with 153 female athletes from the U.S. Air Force Academy ( USAFA ) . Participants were assigned to one of three groups : ( a ) a combined energy balance and CBT‐based intervention ( E1 ) ; ( b ) a CBT‐based intervention alone ( E2 ) ; and ( c ) a control group ( C ) . Main outcomes included a DXA scan for body composition , a knowledge test , the GAD‐7 for anxiety , the brief inventory of perceived stress ( BIPS ) for stress , and a 24‐h food recall . Findings : Significant improvement on knowledge of energy balance occurred in all three groups E1 ( p < .001 ) , E2 , and C ( p < .05 ) . Significant reductions in percentage of body fat occurred in E1 ( p < .001 ) and E2 ( p < .05 ) . There also were significant reductions in the percent of fat consumed by E1 ( p < .05 ) and saturated fat consumed by both E1 and E2 ( p < .05 ) . The control group only demonstrated a significant increase in stress as measured by the BIPS ( p < .05 ) . Conclusions : A combined energy balance and CBT‐based intervention  improves knowledge and body fat . Implication s : The importance to assess knowledge , anxiety , stress , nutrition intake , and percentage of body fat in female athletes and to deliver evidence ‐based interventions to improve their health outcomes
Results Based on consistent evidence from studies that were rated as moderate or strong , there is good evidence that military weight management interventions are effective in improving body composition for duration s of up to 12 months .
Effective interventions are more likely to be high intensity ( have a greater number of sessions ) , are more often delivered by specialists , and use theoretical base/behavioral change techniques and a st and ardized guideline .
Dietary interventions can potentially reduce total fat and saturated fat intake .
Dietary interventions that target the kitchen staff and /or increase the availability of healthy food are more likely to be effective in the short term .
The results regarding military physical fitness interventions were inconclusive .
Conclusion Despite limitations such as the diversity and heterogeneity of the included interventions , outcome measurements , and follow-up duration , this systematic review found good evidence that weight management interventions are effective , especially in terms of weight loss .
Background Research has been conducted to assess the effectiveness of weight management , dietary and physical activity interventions in military setting s. However , a recent and comprehensive overview is lacking .
The aim of this systematic review is to examine the evidence and describe key components of effective interventions in terms of improving body composition , dietary behaviors , and physical activity among active-duty military personnel .