RESULTS BZDs are ineffective for PTSD treatment and prevention , and risks associated with their use tend to outweigh potential short-term benefits .
In addition to adverse effects in general population s , BZDs are associated with specific problems in patients with PTSD : worse overall severity , significantly increased risk of developing PTSD with use after recent trauma , worse psychotherapy outcomes , aggression , depression , and substance use .
The results of this systematic review suggest that BZDs should be considered relatively contraindicated for patients with PTSD or recent trauma .
OBJECTIVE Although benzodiazepines ( BZDs ) are commonly used in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) , no systematic review or meta- analysis has specifically examined this treatment .
The goal of this study was to analyze and summarize evidence concerning the efficacy of BZDs in treating PTSD .
Precipitants of post-traumatic stress disorder following intensive care: a hypothesis generating study of diversity in care
Objective This prospect i ve observational study was design ed to explore the relationships between  post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD )  ,  patients ' memories of the intensive care unit ( ICU ) and sedation practice s. Design Prospect i ve multi-centre follow-up study out to 3 months after ICU discharge . Setting Two district general hospitals and three teaching hospitals across Europe . Patients and participants Two hundred and thirty-eight recovering , post-ventilated ICU patients . Interventions None . Measurements and results Assessment of patients ' memories of ICU was undertaken at 1–2 weeks post ICU discharge . Patients ' psychological recovery was assessed by examining the level of PTSD-related symptoms and rate of PTSD by 3 months post ICU . The rate of defined PTSD was 9.2 % , ranging from 3.2 % to 14.8 % in the different study ICUs . Independent of case mix and illness severity , the factors found to be related to the development of PTSD were recall of delusional memories , prolonged sedation , and physical restraint with no sedation . Conclusion The development of PTSD following critical illness is associated with a number of different precipitating factors that are in part related to how patients are cared for within intensive care . This study raises the hypothesis that the impact of care within the ICU has an impact on subsequent psychological morbidity and therefore must be assessed in future studies looking at the way patients are se date d in the ICU and how physical restraint is used
RESULTS BZDs are ineffective for PTSD treatment and prevention , and risks associated with their use tend to outweigh potential short-term benefits .
In addition to adverse effects in general population s , BZDs are associated with specific problems in patients with PTSD : worse overall severity , significantly increased risk of developing PTSD with use after recent trauma , worse psychotherapy outcomes , aggression , depression , and substance use .
The results of this systematic review suggest that BZDs should be considered relatively contraindicated for patients with PTSD or recent trauma .
OBJECTIVE Although benzodiazepines ( BZDs ) are commonly used in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) , no systematic review or meta- analysis has specifically examined this treatment .
The goal of this study was to analyze and summarize evidence concerning the efficacy of BZDs in treating PTSD .