Sarcopenia , as defined by reduced muscle mass alone , was found to be very prevalent in patients with lung cancer , regardless of body mass index , and where present was associated with poorer functional status and overall survival .
The effect of nutritional supplements and ATP infusions on muscle mass showed conflicting results .
There are very limited data on the correlation between degree of sarcopenia and muscle function , which has a non-linear relationship in older non-cancer population s. CONCLUSIONS Loss of muscle mass is a significant contributor to morbidity in patients with lung cancer .
OBJECTIVES There is growing awareness of the relationship between sarcopenia ( loss of muscle mass and function ) , and outcomes in cancer , making it a potential target for future therapies .
In order to inform future research and practice , we undertook a systematic review of factors associated with loss of muscle mass , and the relationship between muscle function and muscle mass in lung cancer , a common condition associated with poor outcomes .
The effect of 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy on muscle and fat mass in older men with localized prostate cancer
Objective . To evaluate body composition changes , specifically skeletal muscle mass , in men receiving and rogen deprivation with luteinizing-hormone releasing hormone-agonist ( LHRH-A ) for prostate cancer ( PCa ) in comparison with healthy controls . Design . Retrospective analysis of body composition changes in men with prostate cancer receiving LHRH-A therapy from 2 clinical trials compared to men without prostate cancer serving as a placebo-control in another clinical trial . Setting . Clinical Research Center in Connecticut . Participants . Thirty men ( > 60 years ) receiving 6 months of LHRH-A therapy for PCa were compared to a healthy group of 25 men without PCa . Measurements . Appendicular skeletal muscle/height2 ( ASM/ht2 ) , lean and fat mass were assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry . Total testosterone levels were assessed by enzyme immunoassay . Results . At baseline , 12/30 ( 40 % ) of the treatment group and 7/25 ( 28 % ) of the control group ( p = 0.11 ) met criteria for sarcopenia . There were no differences between control groups in ASM/ht2 or lean mass . The LHRH-A group had a higher percent body fat than the control group , 29.8 ± 6.3 versus 26.3 ± 4.6 ( p = 0.02 ) . ASM/ht2 and lean mass decreased in the LHRH-A group from 7.5 ± 0.9 kg to 7.3 ± 0.9 kg ( −2.3 % ± 0.03 ; p ⩽ 0.001 ) and 53.5 ± 5.4 kg to 52.3 ± 5.3 kg ( −2.1 % ± 0.03 ; p ⩽ 0.001 ) , respectively . There was no muscle loss in the control group . At 6 months , the LHRH-A group had increased percent body fat from 29.8 ± 6.4 to 32.2 ± 5.8 ( 9.5 % ± 0.13 ; p ⩽ 0.001 ) , whereas the control group had decreased in percent body fat from 26.6 ± 4.6 to 25.3 ± 5.0 ( −3.8 % ± 0.08 ; p = 0.02 ) . Conclusions . Men  undergoing LHRH-A treatment for PCa decreased appendicular skeletal muscle and lean tissue and increased body fat within 6 months of initiation of therapy . Lifestyle changes or medical interventions to minimize the effects of and rogen deprivation therapy for PCa deserve investigation
Sarcopenia , as defined by reduced muscle mass alone , was found to be very prevalent in patients with lung cancer , regardless of body mass index , and where present was associated with poorer functional status and overall survival .
The effect of nutritional supplements and ATP infusions on muscle mass showed conflicting results .
There are very limited data on the correlation between degree of sarcopenia and muscle function , which has a non-linear relationship in older non-cancer population s. CONCLUSIONS Loss of muscle mass is a significant contributor to morbidity in patients with lung cancer .
OBJECTIVES There is growing awareness of the relationship between sarcopenia ( loss of muscle mass and function ) , and outcomes in cancer , making it a potential target for future therapies .
In order to inform future research and practice , we undertook a systematic review of factors associated with loss of muscle mass , and the relationship between muscle function and muscle mass in lung cancer , a common condition associated with poor outcomes .