There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
The effect of a 9-week physical activity programme on bone and body composition of children aged 10-11 years: an exploratory trial.
A high-impact exercise and a lifestyle intervention were implemented over a 9-week period ; changes in bone and body composition were compared to controls . Sixty-one children volunteered from three r and omly selected schools . Each school was r and omly assigned to either a structured exercise ( STEX ) intervention , a lifestyle intervention ( PASS ) or control ( CONT ) .  Bone mineral content ( BMC ) and density ( BMD ) of total body , femoral neck and lumbar spine were measured as well as fat and lean mass at baseline and post-intervention by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry . The STEX intervention result ed in an additional mean increase in total body BMC of 63.3 g ( p = 0.019 ) and an additional increase of 0.011 g . cm ( -2 ) ( p = 0.018 ) for BMD over increases observed by controls . Bone mineral increases observed for the PASS intervention were not significant compared to the control group ( p > 0.05 ) . Neither intervention produced significant increases in bone mineral at femoral neck or lumbar spine sites ( p > 0.05 ) compared with the controls . No significant changes were found in fat mass index ( p > 0.05 ) , lean mass index ( p > 0.05 ) or percent body fat ( p = 0.09 ) in any groups . Structured impact exercise promoted significant and clinical ly relevant increases in bone measures , without significant changes to body composition . A larger , definitive r and omised trial is needed to confirm the present results
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .