Conclusion Exercises and PA promotion according to public health recommendations  for PA improved cardiovascular fitness , muscle strength and PA behaviour , with moderate effect sizes in people with SpA , RA and HOA/KOA .
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise and physical activity ( PA ) promotion on cardiovascular fitness , muscle strength , flexibility , neuromotor performance ( eg , balance ) and daily PA in people with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) , spondyloarthritis ( SpA ) and hip/knee osteoarthritis ( HOA/KOA ) .
Effectiveness of aquatic exercise for obese patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE To design an aquatic exercise ( AQE ) and l and -based exercise ( LBE ) program to enhance knee function and reduce body fat in patients with obesity and knee osteoarthritis and to investigate the effectiveness of AQE and LBE on body fat , functional fitness , and functional status . SETTING Outpatient clinic at a Seoul National University Bundang Hospital . PARTICIPANTS Obese patients with knee osteoarthritis were recruited from patients who visited the rehabilitation , orthopedic surgery , and geriatric outpatient clinics at the hospital . Study participants were limited to those who met the following criteria : body mass index more than 25 kg/m(2 ) , abdominal circumference more than 90 cm ( men ) or 85 cm ( women ) , clinical ly diagnosed osteoarthritis with Kellgren-Lawrence scale 2 or higher on radiographic studies , and independent ambulation state . METHODS Participants were r and omly allocated into 3 groups : AQE ( n = 26 ) , LBE ( n = 25 ) , and the control group ( n = 24 ) . Exercise interventions were conducted 3 times a week for 8 weeks . OUTCOME MEASURES Body fat analysis , brief pain inventory , Western Ontario and McMaster Universities ' osteoarthritis index , Short Form-36 question naire , and knee isokinetic tests were evaluated to assess changes in body fat composition , pain , physical function , and quality of life before and after the exercise program . RESULTS Although no significant difference was found in general characteristics among the 3 groups before exercise , body fat proportion in the AQE group decreased significantly ( mean + /- SD , from 34.4 + /- 4.7 to 33.3 + /- 4.7 ; P = .031 ) after intervention . The body mass index was slightly reduced after intervention , but it was not statistically significant . The AQE group showed significant improvements in pain , disability , and quality of life . Notably , the change in pain interference in the AQE group ( mean + /- SD , from 25.8 + /- 15.1 to 18.8 + /- 13.1 ; P = .009 ) was greater than that of the LBE group . Both exercise groups showed significant improvements in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities ' osteoarthritis index disability compared with the control group . CONCLUSIONS AQE had an advantage in controlling the interference with activity because of pain . AQE may be an effective tool for patients with obesity who have difficulties with active exercise due to knee osteoarthritis
Conclusion Exercises and PA promotion according to public health recommendations  for PA improved cardiovascular fitness , muscle strength and PA behaviour , with moderate effect sizes in people with SpA , RA and HOA/KOA .
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise and physical activity ( PA ) promotion on cardiovascular fitness , muscle strength , flexibility , neuromotor performance ( eg , balance ) and daily PA in people with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) , spondyloarthritis ( SpA ) and hip/knee osteoarthritis ( HOA/KOA ) .