Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were reduced in all trials but there was evidence of heterogeneity of effects .
There was no evidence of any serious harm caused by statin prescription .
Evidence available to date showed that primary prevention with statins is likely to be cost-effective and may improve patient quality of life .
Recent findings from the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists study using individual patient data meta- analysis indicate that these benefits are similar in people at lower ( < 1 % per year ) risk of a major cardiovascular event .
AUTHORS ' CONCLUSIONS Reductions in all-cause mortality , major vascular events and revascularisations were found with no excess of adverse events among people without evidence of CVD treated with statins
BACKGROUND Reducing high blood cholesterol , a risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) events in people with and without a past history of CVD is an important goal of pharmacotherapy .
Statins are the first-choice agents .
Previous review s of the effects of statins have highlighted their benefits in people with CVD .
The case for primary prevention was uncertain when the last version of this review was published ( 2011 ) and in light of new data an up date of this review is required .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects , both harms and benefits , of statins in people with no history of CVD .
Effects of statins vs. non-statin lipid-lowering therapy on bone formation and bone mineral density biomarkers in patients with hyperlipidemia.
INTRODUCTION The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A ( HMG-CoA ) reductase inhibitors , named statins , are well-established cholesterol-lowering drugs able to reduce cardiovascular risk in hypercholesterolemic patients . The possible effect of statin on bone tissue , so-called pleiotropic effects has received particular attention . Studies reported a positive effect of statin on bone tissue in both of animal and human study by enhancing the expression of the bone morphogenetic proteins ( BMPs ) , in particular of BMP2 , which in turn leads to osteoblast differentiation and bone formation including interfering with osteoclastic activity . In a systematic review , the lipophilic statin as simvastatin had positive effect to bone mineral density ( BMD ) better than the more hydrophilic statin such as atorvastatin and fluvastatin . This study was aim ed to compare efficacy of medical therapy between HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and non-HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor group to changing of bone mineral density and bone markers in the patients with hyperlipidemia . MATERIAL S AND METHODS A prospect i ve r and omized control trial study enrolled the 212 hyperlipidemia with osteopenia patients to study in year 2006 - 2008 . All subjects were r and omized to 2 groups between  statin and non-statin group ; the patients were screened by inclusion criteria and measured in bone mineral density ( BMD ) , bone marker and blood chemistry . All data were analyzed by difference of changing in bone marker and BMD between statin and non-statin groups using paired t test . RESULTS The present study showed 212 hyperlipidemia with osteopenia patients of which 106 patients in statin group had mean age ( 63.17+/-9.51 years ) and the same number of patients in non-statin group had mean age ( 60.96+/-8.9 years ) . All subjects were 63 patients in male and 149 patients in female . Difference of bone formation marker and BMD between after and before was significantly higher than in statin group and the difference of bone resorption marker was also significantly lower than in statin group . CONCLUSION The lipophilic statin as moderate to high dose of simvastatin had beneficial positive effect to increasing BMD and could be additive use for prevention of bone loss in hyperlipidemia patients
Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were reduced in all trials but there was evidence of heterogeneity of effects .
There was no evidence of any serious harm caused by statin prescription .
Evidence available to date showed that primary prevention with statins is likely to be cost-effective and may improve patient quality of life .
Recent findings from the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists study using individual patient data meta- analysis indicate that these benefits are similar in people at lower ( < 1 % per year ) risk of a major cardiovascular event .
AUTHORS ' CONCLUSIONS Reductions in all-cause mortality , major vascular events and revascularisations were found with no excess of adverse events among people without evidence of CVD treated with statins
BACKGROUND Reducing high blood cholesterol , a risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) events in people with and without a past history of CVD is an important goal of pharmacotherapy .
Statins are the first-choice agents .
Previous review s of the effects of statins have highlighted their benefits in people with CVD .
The case for primary prevention was uncertain when the last version of this review was published ( 2011 ) and in light of new data an up date of this review is required .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects , both harms and benefits , of statins in people with no history of CVD .