In conclusion , it was shown that very high fructose intake ( > 100 g/d ) increases serum LDL-C and TC concentrations .
Fructose is widely used as a sweetener in the production of many foods , yet the relation between fructose intake and cholesterol remains uncertain .
In this study , we performed a systematic review and meta- analysis of human , controlled , feeding trials involving isocaloric fructose exchange for other carbohydrates to quantify the effects of fructose on serum total cholesterol ( TC ) , LDL cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , and  HDL cholesterol ( HDL-C ) in adult humans .
Blood lipid distribution of hyperinsulinemic men consuming three levels of fructose.
Twelve carbohydrate-sensitive men selected due to their abnormally high insulin responses to a sucrose load and 12 men with normal insulin responses were fed diets containing 0 , 7.5 , and 15 % fructose for 5 wk each in a cross-over design . The diets contained 43 % total carbohydrate , 42 % fat , and 15 % protein . Initial fasting total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher in the hyperinsulinemic men than in the controls . Diastolic blood pressure was not affected by diet , but systolic blood pressure was slightly higher after the men consumed the 0 % fructose diet . Free fatty acids were not different . Total plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher after the men consumed 7.5 and 15 % fructose than when they consumed the 0 % fructose diet . Plasma triglyceride increased significantly as fructose in the diets of the hyperinsulinemics increased , but was not affected in the controls . These changes in blood lipids are associated with heart disease
In conclusion , it was shown that very high fructose intake ( > 100 g/d ) increases serum LDL-C and TC concentrations .
Fructose is widely used as a sweetener in the production of many foods , yet the relation between fructose intake and cholesterol remains uncertain .
In this study , we performed a systematic review and meta- analysis of human , controlled , feeding trials involving isocaloric fructose exchange for other carbohydrates to quantify the effects of fructose on serum total cholesterol ( TC ) , LDL cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , and  HDL cholesterol ( HDL-C ) in adult humans .