There was interaction by food source , with specific food sources showing beneficial effects ( fruit and fruit juice ) or harmful effects ( sweetened milk and mixed sources ) in substitution studies and harmful effects ( sugars‐sweetened beverages and fruit juice ) in addition studies on at least one outcome .
Conclusions Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose‐containing sugars on glycaemic control .
Although most food sources of these sugars ( especially fruit ) do not have a harmful effect in energy matched substitutions with other macronutrients , several food sources of fructose‐containing sugars ( especially sugars‐sweetened beverages ) adding excess energy to diets have harmful effects .
Objective To assess the effect of different food sources of fructose‐containing sugars  on glycaemic control at different levels of energy control .
Large variations of sucrose in constant carbohydrate diets in type II diabetes.
Several studies show that sucrose does not aggravate hyperglycemia in type II diabetes mellitus , but sucrose is still restricted in dietary recommendations . Since sucrose in high carbohydrate diets elevates fasting triglyceride levels , the effects of sucrose were evaluated in diets with fixed carbohydrate levels . Eighteen diabetic volunteers receiving no medication were given weight maintenance diets with 50 percent carbohydrate , 35 percent fat , 15 percent protein , and 120 g of sucrose for 10 days as in patients . They were then r and omly assigned diets of similar composition with either 220 g of sucrose ( high sucrose diet ) or less than 3 g of sucrose daily ( complex carbohydrate [ CHO ] diet ) for one additional month . There were no differences in fasting , one- , two- , and three-hour post-lunch serum glucose levels ; 24-hour glycosuria ; glycohemoglobin levels ; fasting and postpr and ial serum triglyceride levels , or fasting high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels .  Twelve patients with preexisting higher triglyceridemia  had similar trends , but the postpr and ial triglyceride levels were lower in the high sucrose diet group of this subset ( p less than 0.05 in the third week ) . Postpr and ial serum insulin levels declined in the second week on the complex CHO diet . More than 75-fold difference in sucrose intake with constant carbohydrate and fat did not affect glycemic or triglyceridemic control in type II diabetic patients . The reported high sucrose-carbohydrate-induced rise in fasting triglyceridemia was not present when a diet high in sucrose was given without changing total carbohydrate
There was interaction by food source , with specific food sources showing beneficial effects ( fruit and fruit juice ) or harmful effects ( sweetened milk and mixed sources ) in substitution studies and harmful effects ( sugars‐sweetened beverages and fruit juice ) in addition studies on at least one outcome .
Conclusions Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose‐containing sugars on glycaemic control .
Although most food sources of these sugars ( especially fruit ) do not have a harmful effect in energy matched substitutions with other macronutrients , several food sources of fructose‐containing sugars ( especially sugars‐sweetened beverages ) adding excess energy to diets have harmful effects .
Objective To assess the effect of different food sources of fructose‐containing sugars  on glycaemic control at different levels of energy control .