There were no statistically significant differences in mortality , infections overall and adverse events .
Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis of ≥24 hours may be more efficacious in preventing sternal SSIs in patients undergoing cardiac surgery compared to shorter regimens .
OBJECTIVE We aim ed to compare the efficacy of short-term ( < 24 hours ) versus longer-term antibiotic prophylaxis ( ≥24 hours ) in open heart surgery .
BACKGROUND The optimal duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for adults undergoing cardiac surgery is unknown and guideline recommendations are inconsistent .
Comparative study of single-dose and 24-hour multiple-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for cardiac surgery.
OBJECTIVE Use of single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with reduced antibiotic resistance , lower costs , and fewer problems with drug toxicity and superinfections . We tested the hypothesis that single doses of cefazolin are as effective as a 24-hour regimen of cefazolin in preventing surgical site infections in adults undergoing cardiac procedures . METHODS This r and om , prospect i ve , clinical study included 838 adult patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting , valve operations , or both . These patients were r and omly given a single dose of cefazolin ( 2 g ) or a 24-hour treatment ( 2-g initial dose , followed by 1 g every 8 hours ) . Investigators blinded to the drug regimen diagnosed wound infections according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria . Patient clinical and demographic characteristics were noted , with follow-up for 12 postoperative months . The primary objective was to compare the incidence of surgical infections between groups up to 12 months postoperatively . RESULTS A total of 419 patients received single-dose cefazolin , and another 419 received the 24-hour treatment . Surgical site infection occurred in 35 ( 8.3 % ) patients receiving single doses and 15 ( 3.6 % ) patients administered the 24-hour treatment ( P = .004 ) . We identified no differences between groups for mortality or duration of hospitalization ( preoperative hospitalization , intensive care unit stay , and hospitalization after surgical intervention ) . The microorganisms isolated showed a similar distribution in both groups . The germs isolated were gram-positive cocci in 86 % of the surgical site infections . CONCLUSIONS Single-dose cefazolin used as antibiotic prophylaxis in cardiac surgery is associated with a higher surgical site infection rate than the 24-hour , multiple-dose cefazolin regimen
There were no statistically significant differences in mortality , infections overall and adverse events .
Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis of ≥24 hours may be more efficacious in preventing sternal SSIs in patients undergoing cardiac surgery compared to shorter regimens .
OBJECTIVE We aim ed to compare the efficacy of short-term ( < 24 hours ) versus longer-term antibiotic prophylaxis ( ≥24 hours ) in open heart surgery .
BACKGROUND The optimal duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for adults undergoing cardiac surgery is unknown and guideline recommendations are inconsistent .