Thus , WIs were seldom design ed to improve return-to-work .
Overall , there was low quality evidence that showed no significant differences between WIs and no intervention for pain prevalence or severity .
If present , significant results in favour of WIs were not sustained across follow-up times .
Overall , this review found low quality evidence that neither supported nor refuted the benefits of any specific WI for pain relief and moderate quality evidence that a multiple-component intervention reduced sickness absence in the intermediate-term , which was not sustained over time .
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common cause of disability in many industrial countries .
Recurrent and chronic pain accounts for a substantial portion of workers ' absenteeism .
Neck pain seems to be more prominent in the general population than previously known .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of workplace interventions ( WIs ) in adult workers with neck pain .
Effect of integrated care for sick listed patients with chronic low back pain: economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial
Objective To evaluate the cost effectiveness , cost utility , and cost-benefit of an integrated care programme compared with usual care for sick listed patients with chronic low back pain . Design Economic evaluation alongside a r and omised controlled trial with 12 months ’ follow-up . Setting Primary care ( 10 physiotherapy practice s , one occupational health service , one occupational therapy practice ) and secondary care ( five hospitals ) in the Netherl and s , 2005 - 9 . Participants 134 adults aged 18 - 65 sick listed because of chronic low back pain : 66 were r and omised to integrated care and 68 to usual care . Interventions Integrated care consisted of a workplace intervention based on participatory ergonomics , with involvement of a supervisor , and a grade d activity programme based on cognitive behavioural principles . Usual care was provided by general practitioners and occupational physicians according to Dutch guidelines . Main outcome measures The primary outcome was duration until sustainable return to work . The secondary outcome was quality adjusted life years ( QALYs ) , measured using EuroQol . Results Total costs in the integrated care group ( £ 13 165 , SD £ 13 600 ) were significantly lower than in the usual care group ( £ 18 475 , SD £ 13 616 ) . Cost effectiveness planes and acceptability curves showed that integrated care was cost effective compared with usual care for return to work and QALYs gained . The cost-benefit analyses showed that every £ 1 invested in integrated care would return an estimated £ 26 . The net societal benefit of integrated care compared with usual care was £ 5744 . Conclusions Implementation of an integrated care programme for patients sick listed with chronic low back pain has a large potential to significantly reduce societal costs , increase effectiveness of care , improve quality of life , and improve function on a broad scale . Integrated care therefore has large gains for patients and society as well as for employers
Thus , WIs were seldom design ed to improve return-to-work .
Overall , there was low quality evidence that showed no significant differences between WIs and no intervention for pain prevalence or severity .
If present , significant results in favour of WIs were not sustained across follow-up times .
Overall , this review found low quality evidence that neither supported nor refuted the benefits of any specific WI for pain relief and moderate quality evidence that a multiple-component intervention reduced sickness absence in the intermediate-term , which was not sustained over time .
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common cause of disability in many industrial countries .
Recurrent and chronic pain accounts for a substantial portion of workers ' absenteeism .
Neck pain seems to be more prominent in the general population than previously known .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of workplace interventions ( WIs ) in adult workers with neck pain .