Specific " active ingredients " for therapeutic change were not identified .
PURPOSE A systematic review of behavioural intervention for the treatment of adults with muscle tension voice disorders ( MTVD ) .
Evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of voice therapy using transnasal flexible laryngoscopy: a randomized controlled trial.
Transnasal flexible laryngoscopy ( TFL ) is an examination of laryngeal anatomy and physiology using continuous light . TFL is being used increasingly by voice pathologists in treatment but with little scientific evidence to support it . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of TFL as a therapeutic tool . The study used a prospect i ve r and omized controlled trial . Fifty dysphonic subjects were recruited and r and omly assigned to either a traditional treatment group or a TFL-assisted treatment group . The effectiveness of voice therapy in both treatment groups was measured with a package of voice outcome measures . Subjects in both treatment groups demonstrated statistically significant improvements after voice therapy ( perceptual auditory rating of voice quality measurement p < 0.01 ; instrumental electroglottographic measurement p < 0.01 ; patient question naire measurement p < 0.01 ) . The time taken to complete treatment in both groups was recorded . The average ( median ) time taken to complete voice therapy in the TFL-assisted treatment group was 2 hours less than in the traditional treatment group ( p < 0.01 ) . Voice therapy with TFL  as a therapy tool was effective and more efficient than traditional voice therapy
Specific " active ingredients " for therapeutic change were not identified .
PURPOSE A systematic review of behavioural intervention for the treatment of adults with muscle tension voice disorders ( MTVD ) .