None of the interventions were significantly better than the others in lowering glucose parameters .
The Mediterranean diet reduced HbA1c significantly compared to usual care but not compared to the Palaeolithic diet .
The effect of alterations in dietary practice irrespective of weight loss on glycaemic control can not be concluded from the present review .
BACKGROUND Overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight for optimal glucose management , yet many find this difficult .
Determining whether alterations in dietary patterns irrespective of weight loss can aid glucose control has not been fully investigated .
METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis aim ing to determine the effects of a Mediterranean diet compared to other dietary interventions on glycaemic control irrespective of weight loss .
A low carbohydrate Mediterranean diet improves cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes control among overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 1-year prospective randomized intervention study.
BACKGROUND The appropriate dietary intervention for overweight persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( DM2 ) is unclear . Trials comparing the effectiveness of diets are frequently limited by short follow-up times and high dropout rates . AIM The effects of a low carbohydrate Mediterranean ( LCM ) , a traditional Mediterranean ( TM ) , and the 2003 American Diabetic Association ( ADA ) diet were compared , on health parameters during a 12-month period . METHODS In this 12-month trial , 259 overweight diabetic patients ( mean age 55 years , mean body mass index 31.4 kg/m(2 ) ) were r and omly assigned to one of the three diets . The primary end-points were reduction of fasting plasma glucose , HbA1c and triglyceride ( TG ) levels . RESULTS 194 patients out of 259 ( 74.9 % ) completed follow-up . After 12 months , the mean weight loss for all patients was 8.3 kg : 7.7 kg for ADA , 7.4 kg for TM and 10.1 kg for LCM diets . The reduction in HbA1c was significantly greater in the LCM diet than in the ADA diet ( -2.0 and -1.6 % , respectively , p < 0.022 ) . HDL cholesterol increased ( 0.1 mmol/l + /- 0.02 ) only on the LCM ( p < 0.002 ) . The reduction in serum TG was greater in the LCM ( -1.3 mmol/l ) and TM ( -1.5 mmol/l ) than in the ADA ( -0.7 mmol/l ) , p = 0.001 . CONCLUSIONS An intensive 12-month dietary intervention in a community-based setting was effective in improving most modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in all the dietary groups . Only the LCM improved HDL levels and was superior to both the ADA and TM in improving glycaemic control
None of the interventions were significantly better than the others in lowering glucose parameters .
The Mediterranean diet reduced HbA1c significantly compared to usual care but not compared to the Palaeolithic diet .
The effect of alterations in dietary practice irrespective of weight loss on glycaemic control can not be concluded from the present review .
BACKGROUND Overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight for optimal glucose management , yet many find this difficult .
Determining whether alterations in dietary patterns irrespective of weight loss can aid glucose control has not been fully investigated .
METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis aim ing to determine the effects of a Mediterranean diet compared to other dietary interventions on glycaemic control irrespective of weight loss .