The overall results of r and om effects modelling of football heading were found to be inconclusive across all outcomes , groups and time points .
No moderating variables related to method ological , sample or study characteristics were supported in the analysis ; age was a potential moderating variable .
Summary / conclusions We provide the first meta-analytical review of football heading effects aggregated from multiple studies and extended findings from a recent systematic review of the effects of football heading .
Our analysis indicates no overall effect for heading a football on adverse outcomes
Aim / objective The objective of this study was to provide a meta- analysis examining the effects of football heading .
Design Meta-analytical review on football heading effects on neurocognitive performance , cognition and symptom reports .
Head Impact Exposure During a Weekend Youth Soccer Tournament
Concussion is a known risk in youth soccer , but little is known about subconcussive head impacts . The authors provided a prospect i ve cohort study measuring frequency and magnitude of subconcussive head impacts using accelerometry in a middle school – age soccer tournament , and association between head impacts and changes in ( 1 ) symptoms , ( 2 ) cognitive testing , and ( 3 ) advanced neuroimaging .  A total of 17 youth completed the study ( 41 % female , mean 12.6 years ) . There were 73 head impacts > 15 g measured ( 45 % headers ) and only 2 had a maximum peak linear acceleration > 50 g . No youth reported symptoms consistent with concussion . After correction for multiple comparisons and a sensitivity analysis excluding clear outliers , no significant associations were found between head impact exposure and neuropsychological testing or advanced neuroimaging . The authors conclude that head impacts were relatively uncommon and low in acceleration in youth playing a weekend soccer tournament . This study adds to the limited data regarding head impacts in youth soccer
The overall results of r and om effects modelling of football heading were found to be inconclusive across all outcomes , groups and time points .
No moderating variables related to method ological , sample or study characteristics were supported in the analysis ; age was a potential moderating variable .
Summary / conclusions We provide the first meta-analytical review of football heading effects aggregated from multiple studies and extended findings from a recent systematic review of the effects of football heading .
Our analysis indicates no overall effect for heading a football on adverse outcomes
Aim / objective The objective of this study was to provide a meta- analysis examining the effects of football heading .
Design Meta-analytical review on football heading effects on neurocognitive performance , cognition and symptom reports .