There is no evidence that PUFA supplementation in infancy has an effect on infant or childhood allergy , asthma , dermatitis/eczema or food allergy .
However , the quality of evidence was very low .
There was insufficient evidence to determine an effect on allergic rhinitis
BACKGROUND Early dietary intakes may influence the development of allergic disease .
It is important to determine if dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) given as supplements or added to infant formula prevent the development of allergy .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of higher PUFA intake during infancy to prevent allergic disease .
High-Dose Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation of Preterm Infants: Respiratory and Allergy Outcomes
BACKGROUND : Docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ) has been associated with downregulation of inflammatory responses . OBJECTIVE : To report the effect of DHA supplementation on  long-term atopic and respiratory outcomes in preterm infants . METHODS : This study is a multicenter , r and omized controlled trial comparing the outcomes for preterm infants <33 weeks ' gestation who consumed expressed breast milk from mothers taking either tuna oil ( high-DHA diet ) or soy oil ( st and ard-DHA ) capsules .  Data collected included incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia ( BPD ) and parental reporting of atopic conditions over the first 18 months of life . RESULTS : Six hundred fifty-seven infants were enrolled ( 322 to high-DHA diet , 335 to st and ard ) , and 93.5 % completed the 18-month follow-up . There was a reduction in BPD in boys ( relative risk [ RR ] : 0.67 [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 0.47–0.96 ] ; P = .03 ) and in all infants with a birth weight of < 1250 g ( RR : 0.75 [ 95 % CI : 0.57–0.98 ] ; P = .04 ) . There was no effect on duration of respiratory support , admission length , or home oxygen requirement . There was a reduction in reported hay fever in all infants in the high-DHA group at either 12 or 18 months ( RR : 0.41 [ 95 % CI : 0.18–0.91 ] ; P = .03 ) and at either 12 or 18 months in boys ( RR : 0.15 [ 0.03–0.64 ] ; P = .01 ) . There was no effect on asthma , eczema , or food allergy . CONCLUSIONS : DHA supplementation for infants of <33 weeks ' gestation reduced the incidence of BPD in boys and in all infants with a birth weight of < 1250 g and reduced the incidence of reported hay fever in boys at either 12 or 18 months
There is no evidence that PUFA supplementation in infancy has an effect on infant or childhood allergy , asthma , dermatitis/eczema or food allergy .
However , the quality of evidence was very low .
There was insufficient evidence to determine an effect on allergic rhinitis
BACKGROUND Early dietary intakes may influence the development of allergic disease .
It is important to determine if dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) given as supplements or added to infant formula prevent the development of allergy .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of higher PUFA intake during infancy to prevent allergic disease .