OC could significantly reduce the occurrence of VAP , and consequently , its routine use should be considered for VLBWs to prevent infectious diseases .
OC  significantly reduces the occurrence of VAP and NEC in VLBW infants  .
OC may reduce the incidence of VAP and NEC by increasing IgA levels .
Early OC therapy for mechanical ventilation of low-weight infants may prevent the occurrence of VAP .
OC significantly reduces the occurrence of VAP and NEC in VLBW infants .
OC may reduce the incidence of VAP and NEC by increasing IgA levels .
Early OC therapy for mechanical ventilation of low-weight infants may prevent the occurrence of VAP
Oropharyngeal colostrum ( OC ) is a novel feeding strategy to prevent complications of prematurity .
A meta- analysis was conducted to investigate whether very low birth weight infants ( VLBWs ) can benefit from OC .
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in extremely preterm neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit: characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes.
OBJECTIVE To determine the rates , characteristics , risk factors , and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia ( VAP ) in extremely preterm neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU ) . METHODS A prospect i ve cohort study was conducted at the St Louis Children 's Hospital on all patients who had birth weight < or=2000 g and were admitted to the NICU for > or=48 hours from October 2000 to July 2001 . Extremely preterm neonates were defined as neonates with estimated gestational age ( EGA ) < 28 weeks . The primary outcome was the development of VAP . Secondary outcomes were death and NICU length of stay ( LOS ) . Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine independent predictors for VAP and mortality . RESULTS A total of 229 patients were enrolled . Sixty-seven ( 29 % ) had EGA < 28 weeks . Nineteen episodes of VAP occurred in 19 ( 28.3 % ) of 67 mechanically ventilated patients . VAP rates were 6.5 per 1000 ventilator days for patients with EGA < 28 weeks and 4 per 1000 ventilator days for EGA > or=28 weeks . By multivariate analysis , bloodstream infection before VAP ( adjusted odds ratio : 3.5 ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] : 1.2 - 10.8 ) was an independent risk factor for VAP after adjustment for the duration of endotracheal intubation . Ventilator-associated pneumonia ( adjusted odds ratio : 3.4 ; 95 % CI : 1.2 - 12.3 ) was an independent predictor of mortality . A strong association between VAP and mortality was observed in neonates who stayed in the NICU > 30 days ( relative risk : 8.0 ; 95 % CI : 1.9 - 35.0 ) . Patients with VAP also had prolonged NICU LOS ( median : 138 vs 82 days ) . CONCLUSIONS VAP occurred at high rates in extremely preterm neonates and was associated with increased mortality . Additional studies are needed to develop interventions to prevent VAP in NICU patients
OC could significantly reduce the occurrence of VAP , and consequently , its routine use should be considered for VLBWs to prevent infectious diseases .
OC  significantly reduces the occurrence of VAP and NEC in VLBW infants  .
OC may reduce the incidence of VAP and NEC by increasing IgA levels .
Early OC therapy for mechanical ventilation of low-weight infants may prevent the occurrence of VAP .
OC significantly reduces the occurrence of VAP and NEC in VLBW infants .
OC may reduce the incidence of VAP and NEC by increasing IgA levels .
Early OC therapy for mechanical ventilation of low-weight infants may prevent the occurrence of VAP
Oropharyngeal colostrum ( OC ) is a novel feeding strategy to prevent complications of prematurity .
A meta- analysis was conducted to investigate whether very low birth weight infants ( VLBWs ) can benefit from OC .