Conclusion Our study demonstrates potential beneficial effects of probiotics on inflammation , uremic toxins , and GI Symptoms in ESRD patients .
Background / Objectives We performed this systematic review and meta- analysis to evaluate effects of probiotics on inflammation , uremic toxins , and gastrointestinal ( GI ) symptoms in end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) patients .
Effect of short-term synbiotic treatment on plasma p-cresol levels in patients with chronic renal failure: a randomized clinical trial.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) , alterations in gut microbiome are posited to be responsible for gastrointestinal symptoms and generation of p-cresol , a uremic toxin that has been associated with CKD progression and cardiovascular mortality . This pilot study investigated whether Probinul-neutro ® , a synbiotic that normalizes intestinal microflora , may lower plasma p-cresol concentrations and reduce gastrointestinal symptoms in non-dialyzed CKD patients . METHODS AND RESULTS This was a double-blind , r and omized placebo-controlled trial . Thirty patients on 3 - 4 CKD stages were r and omized to receive either Probinul neutro ® or placebo for 4 weeks . Total plasma p-cresol concentration was assessed at baseline , and 15 and 30 days after treatment start . At the same study times , ease and frequency of defecation , upper and lower abdominal pain , stool shape , borborygmi , and flatus were quantified by subjective assessment question naires . Compared to baseline total plasma p-cresol median concentrations on 15th and 30th day were significantly lower in patients receiving Probinul-neutro ® ( 2.31 and 0.78 vs. 3.05 μg/ml , p < 0.05 ; n = 18 ) ; no changes of plasma p-cresol concentrations were recorded in placebo-treated patients . No significant changes in gastrointestinal symptoms were observed during the study both in Probinul-neutro ® -treated and placebo-treated patients . CONCLUSION Probinul-neutro ® lowered total plasma p-cresol concentrations but did not ameliorate gastrointestinal symptoms in non-dialyzed CKD patients . Because high plasma concentrations of p-cresol in early phases of CKD are predictive of progression to end-stage renal disease , the results of our study suggest that synbiotics deserve attention as possible tools to delay CKD progression towards end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) . CLINICAL TRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT02008331
Conclusion Our study demonstrates potential beneficial effects of probiotics on inflammation , uremic toxins , and GI Symptoms in ESRD patients .
Background / Objectives We performed this systematic review and meta- analysis to evaluate effects of probiotics on inflammation , uremic toxins , and gastrointestinal ( GI ) symptoms in end-stage renal disease ( ESRD ) patients .