Most of the outcome question naires had a mixed content reflecting various constructs such as pain and symptoms , sleep disturbances , psychological dysfunctions , physical impairments , and social functions .
STUDY DESIGN A systematic literature review of outcome question naires design ed for assessing functional status or disability in patients with low back pain .
OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive overview of all functioning/disability question naires used in recent years and to explore how the main concept(s ) was described or defined in the original paper , the content or the domains of disability , and the measurement properties of the question naires .
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA A number of clinical tools design ed for evaluating the functional status of patients with low back pain have been developed .
Only a few have been review ed earlier , and there has been little focus on the content reflected in the question naires .
Symptoms, signs, and functional disability in adult spondylolisthesis.
STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional clinical study . OBJECTIVES To determine whether there are specific symptoms , signs , and functional disability associated with adult spondylolisthesis . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA In spite of the common occurrence of adult spondylolisthesis , the symptoms , signs , and disability associated with it have not been analyzed in a large , well-defined group of patients . METHODS The symptoms , signs , and disability of 111 consecutive patients with adult spondylolisthesis , before r and omized treatment with fusion or physiotherapy  , were compared with those of 39 patients with nonspecific low back pain before lumbar fusion .  The patients completed a question naire covering clinical history and symptoms and su bmi tted a pain drawing . The signs were documented . Functional disability and pain were quantified by 12-function and 2-pain visual analog scales , respectively . RESULTS Sixty-two percent of the patients reported low back pain as well as sciatica , 7 % sciatica only , and 31 % low back pain only . Specific signs were infrequent . A positive straight leg raising test result in 12 % and an L5 sensory disturbance in 13 % were the most common . The symptoms were similar in patients with spondylolisthesis and chronic low back pain , but the chronic low back pain group reported more functional disability . Patients with a nonorganic pain drawing ( widespread , nonspecific pain ) were more often blue collar workers ; were more often and longer on sick leave ; and reported reduced mental condition , sexual function , functional ability , and more pain than patients with an organic pain drawing ( localized , specific pain ) . CONCLUSIONS The clinical pattern and functional disability in adult spondylolisthesis and in low back pain of nonspecific origin are similar . Sciatica in adult spondylolisthesis is typically not associated with a positive straight leg raising test result
Most of the outcome question naires had a mixed content reflecting various constructs such as pain and symptoms , sleep disturbances , psychological dysfunctions , physical impairments , and social functions .
STUDY DESIGN A systematic literature review of outcome question naires design ed for assessing functional status or disability in patients with low back pain .
OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive overview of all functioning/disability question naires used in recent years and to explore how the main concept(s ) was described or defined in the original paper , the content or the domains of disability , and the measurement properties of the question naires .
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA A number of clinical tools design ed for evaluating the functional status of patients with low back pain have been developed .
Only a few have been review ed earlier , and there has been little focus on the content reflected in the question naires .