The heterogeneity in reported effects was reduced in higher quality studies , when physical activity was self-directed with some professional guidance and when there was on-going professional support .
Our review suggests that physical activity interventions have a moderate effect on self reported physical activity and cardio-respiratory fitness , but not on achieving a predetermined level of physical activity .
Due to the clinical and statistical heterogeneity of the studies , only limited conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of individual components of the interventions .
BACKGROUND Little is known about the effectiveness of strategies to enable people to achieve an increase in their physical activity .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions for promoting physical activity in adults aged 16 years and older , not living in an institution .
Will older sedentary people with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus start exercising? A health promotion model.
Exercise and diet are the cornerstones of management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( NIDDM ) . Many older people have difficulty in exercising , missing benefits on glycaemic control , weight , cardiac disease and mood . We report the outcomes of a 6 month structured exercise and support programme based on a health promotion model , on physical activity , glycaemic control and parameters of cardiovascular risk in non-exercisers , compared with st and ard outpatient clinic education . A total of 26 non-exercising patients were r and omised to an intervention or control group ( ten men , 16 women ; mean age ( + /- S.D. ) 60 + /- 8 years ) . Programme participation was not associated with any significant increase in activity . Glycated hemoglobin ( HbAtc ) levels tended to stabilise in the intervention group during the 6 month programme and to deteriorate in the control group ( P = 0.03 ) ; by 12 months HbA1C levels deteriorated to a similar level in both . Programme participation did not cause significant change in anthropometric or metabolic parameters . Examining the cohort as a whole , increased activity over 6 months was associated with improvements in weight , body mass index ( BMI ) , body fat and fasting insulin . Activity increases over 12 months were associated with improvements in weight and BMI . These changes could not be attributed to changes in energy intake or dietary composition . We conclude that while exercise can benefit older people with NIDDM , a programme based on a model of health promotion was not effective in increasing physical activity
The heterogeneity in reported effects was reduced in higher quality studies , when physical activity was self-directed with some professional guidance and when there was on-going professional support .
Our review suggests that physical activity interventions have a moderate effect on self reported physical activity and cardio-respiratory fitness , but not on achieving a predetermined level of physical activity .
Due to the clinical and statistical heterogeneity of the studies , only limited conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of individual components of the interventions .
BACKGROUND Little is known about the effectiveness of strategies to enable people to achieve an increase in their physical activity .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions for promoting physical activity in adults aged 16 years and older , not living in an institution .