As for physical exercise modalities , aerobic exercise , but not other modalities , increased adiponectin and reduced leptin levels .
In conclusion , physical exercise and , specifically , aerobic exercise , leads to higher adiponectin and lower leptin levels  in prediabetic and diabetic adults .
It is speculated that lifestyle interventions known to improve diabetic metabolic state may exert their effects via adipokines .
The aim of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to evaluate the chronic effects of physical exercise on adiponectin and leptin levels in adult prediabetic and diabetic individuals .
Exercise-Induced Dose-Response Alterations in Adiponectin and Leptin Levels Are Dependent on Body Fat Changes in Women at Risk for Breast Cancer
Background : Dysregulation of adipokines , such as adiponectin and leptin , is associated with a variety of chronic diseases , including cancer . Physical activity protects against breast cancer and one of the mechanisms which may underlie this association is exercise-induced changes in adipokine levels . The WISER Sister Trial was a three-armed r and omized controlled trial in premenopausal women ( n = 137 ) with an elevated risk for breast cancer . Methods : A 5-menstrual-cycle-long dosed aerobic exercise intervention compared low-dose exercise ( 150 min/wk ; n = 44 ) or high-dose exercise ( 300 min/wk ; n = 48 ) with a control group asked to maintain usual activity levels ( n = 45 ) . Exercise intensity progressed to and was maintained at 70 % to 80 % of age predicted heart rate max . Body composition and adipokine levels were measured at baseline and follow-up . Results : We observed significant linear trends for increased fitness capacity ( Δ% : −2.0 % control , 10.1 % low dose , 13.1 % high dose ) , decreased fat tissue-to-total tissue mass ( Δ% : 0.7 % control , −2.9 % low dose , −3.7 % high dose ) , increased body fat adjusted adiponectin ( Δ% : −0.6 % control , 0.6 % low dose , 0.9 % high dose ) , and decreased body fat adjusted leptin ( Δ% : 0.7 % control , −8.2 % low dose , −10.2 % high dose ) . Conclusions : In this r and omized clinical trial of premenopausal women at risk for breast cancer , we demonstrate a dose – response effect of exercise on adiponectin and leptin and that dose response is dependent on changes in body fat . Impact : Improved adipokine levels , achieved by aerobic exercise training-induced decreases in body fat , may decrease breast cancer risk for high-risk premenopausal women . Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev ; 25(8 ) ; 1195–200 . © 2016 AACR
As for physical exercise modalities , aerobic exercise , but not other modalities , increased adiponectin and reduced leptin levels .
In conclusion , physical exercise and , specifically , aerobic exercise , leads to higher adiponectin and lower leptin levels  in prediabetic and diabetic adults .
It is speculated that lifestyle interventions known to improve diabetic metabolic state may exert their effects via adipokines .
The aim of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to evaluate the chronic effects of physical exercise on adiponectin and leptin levels in adult prediabetic and diabetic individuals .