Compared to non-active control treatments , NF appears to have more durable treatment effects , for at least 6 months following treatment .
Neurofeedback ( NF ) has gained increasing interest in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) .
Given learning principles underlie NF , lasting clinical treatment effects may be expected .
This systematic review and meta- analysis addresses the sustainability of neurofeedback and control treatment effects by considering r and omized controlled studies that conducted follow-up ( FU ; 2–12 months ) assessment s among children with ADHD .
In-School Neurofeedback Training for ADHD: Sustained Improvements From a Randomized Control Trial
OBJECTIVE : To evaluate sustained improvements 6 months after a 40-session , in-school computer attention training intervention using neurofeedback or cognitive training ( CT ) administered to 7- to 11-year-olds with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) . METHODS : One hundred four children were r and omly assigned to receive neurofeedback , CT , or a control condition and were evaluated 6 months postintervention . A 3-point growth model assessed change over time across the conditions on the Conners 3–Parent Assessment Report ( Conners 3-P ) , the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Parent Form ( BRIEF ) , and a systematic double-blinded classroom observation ( Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools ) . Analysis of variance assessed community-initiated changes in stimulant medication . RESULTS : Parent response rates were 90 % at the 6-month follow-up . Six months postintervention , neurofeedback participants maintained significant gains on Conners 3-P ( Inattention effect size [ ES ] = 0.34 , Executive Functioning ES = 0.25 , Hyperactivity/Impulsivity ES = 0.23 ) and BRIEF subscales including the Global Executive Composite ( ES = 0.31 ) , which remained significantly greater than gains found among children in CT and control conditions . Children in the CT condition showed delayed improvement over immediate postintervention ratings only on Conners 3-P Executive Functioning ( ES = 0.18 ) and 2 BRIEF subscales . At the 6-month follow-up , neurofeedback participants maintained the same stimulant medication dosage , whereas participants in both CT and control conditions showed statistically and clinical ly significant increases ( 9 mg [ P = .002 ] and 13 mg [ P < .001 ] , respectively ) . CONCLUSIONS : Neurofeedback participants made more prompt and greater improvements in ADHD symptoms , which were sustained at the 6-month follow-up , than did CT participants or those in the control group . This finding suggests that neurofeedback is a promising attention training treatment for children with ADHD
Compared to non-active control treatments , NF appears to have more durable treatment effects , for at least 6 months following treatment .
Neurofeedback ( NF ) has gained increasing interest in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) .
Given learning principles underlie NF , lasting clinical treatment effects may be expected .
This systematic review and meta- analysis addresses the sustainability of neurofeedback and control treatment effects by considering r and omized controlled studies that conducted follow-up ( FU ; 2–12 months ) assessment s among children with ADHD .