Studies were primarily related to the assessment of pain in relation to surgical procedures , and no clear distinction was made concerning the onset of acute and chronic pain .
The metrics used within the tools appeared to focus primarily on the sensory aspect of pain , with no study clearly discriminating between the sensory and affective components of pain .
Objectives The objectives were to review systematic ally the range of assessment tools used in cats to detect the behavioural expression of pain and the evidence of their quality ; and to examine behavioural metrics ( considering both the sensory and affective domains ) used to assess pain .
Adverse effects of EMLA (lidocaine/prilocaine) cream and efficacy for the placement of jugular catheters in hospitalized cats
EMLA is a lidocaine/prilocaine cream used for topical analgesia in human pediatric patients . The purpose of this study was to establish the safety of EMLA in clinical ly ill cats , to measure systemic absorption and to determine whether EMLA reduced the need for sedation for the placement of jugular catheters . Thirty-one cats were r and omized to either a placebo or EMLA cream group . Cream was applied to a 10 cm2 area over the jugular vein , with 1 h of occlusive dressing . Neither anesthetic was systemically absorbed in any cat , and no adverse clinical signs were observed . Struggling during catheter placement was less in the EMLA-treated cats compared to placebo , but did not reach significance ( P=0.06 ) . Jugular catheters were successfully placed in 60 % of EMLA-treated cats and 38 % of placebo cats ; this difference was not statistically significant and may not justify the added steps of EMLA cream administration for this purpose . However , EMLA does appear to be safe in clinical ly ill cats , and may be useful for other applications such as for skin mass removal or repeated venepuncture
Studies were primarily related to the assessment of pain in relation to surgical procedures , and no clear distinction was made concerning the onset of acute and chronic pain .
The metrics used within the tools appeared to focus primarily on the sensory aspect of pain , with no study clearly discriminating between the sensory and affective components of pain .
Objectives The objectives were to review systematic ally the range of assessment tools used in cats to detect the behavioural expression of pain and the evidence of their quality ; and to examine behavioural metrics ( considering both the sensory and affective domains ) used to assess pain .