This review shows a beneficial effect of EWS in time to recurrence , percentage of people hospitalised and functioning in people with bipolar disorder .
BACKGROUND Recurrence rates for bipolar disorder are high despite effective treatments with mood stabiliser drugs .
Self-help treatments and psychological treatments that teach patients to recognise and manage early warning symptoms and signs ( EWS ) of impending manic or depressive episodes are popular with patients .
The main aim of such interventions is to intervene early and prevent bipolar episodes , thereby increasing the time to the next recurrence and preventing hospitalisation .
OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of an EWS intervention plus treatment as usual ( TAU ) versus TAU ( involving and not involving a psychological therapy ) on time to manic , depressive and all bipolar episodes ( the primary outcome ) , hospitalisation , functioning , depressive and manic symptoms .
A randomized controlled trial of cognitive therapy for bipolar disorder: focus on long-term change.
BACKGROUND This study reports the outcome of a r and omized controlled trial of cognitive therapy ( CT ) for bipolar disorder . The treatment protocol differed from other published forms of CT for bipolar disorder through the addition of emotive techniques . METHOD Fifty-two patients with DSM-IV bipolar I or II disorder were r and omly allocated to a 6-month trial of either CT or treatment as usual , with both treatment groups also receiving mood stabilizers . Outcome measures included relapse rates , dysfunctional attitudes , psychosocial functioning , hopelessness , self-control , and medication adherence . Patients were assessed during treatment by independent raters blind to the patients ' group status . RESULTS At posttreatment , patients allocated to CT had experienced less severe depression scores ( Beck Depression Inventory and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale ) and less dysfunctional attitudes . After controlling for the presence of major depressive episode at baseline , there was a statistical trend toward a greater time to depressive relapse ( p=.06 ) for the CT group . At 12-month follow-up , the CT group showed a trend toward lower Young Mania Rating Scale scores and improved behavioral self-control . The Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale , comparing the 18 months prior to treatment to the severity of illness status at follow-up , showed a substantial difference between groups in favor of CT . CONCLUSION Our findings corroborate previous bipolar disorder research in demonstrating the value of CT , particularly immediately post-treatment , and indicate some continuation ( albeit diminishing ) of benefits in the succeeding 12 months . These findings suggest that psychological booster sessions may be crucial for maintaining the beneficial effects of cognitive therapy
This review shows a beneficial effect of EWS in time to recurrence , percentage of people hospitalised and functioning in people with bipolar disorder .
BACKGROUND Recurrence rates for bipolar disorder are high despite effective treatments with mood stabiliser drugs .
Self-help treatments and psychological treatments that teach patients to recognise and manage early warning symptoms and signs ( EWS ) of impending manic or depressive episodes are popular with patients .
The main aim of such interventions is to intervene early and prevent bipolar episodes , thereby increasing the time to the next recurrence and preventing hospitalisation .
OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of an EWS intervention plus treatment as usual ( TAU ) versus TAU ( involving and not involving a psychological therapy ) on time to manic , depressive and all bipolar episodes ( the primary outcome ) , hospitalisation , functioning , depressive and manic symptoms .