According to the network meta- analysis the Mediterranean diet is the most effective and efficacious dietary approach to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients
The aim of the present study is to assess the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a systematic review of the literature .
Effects of Walnut Consumption on Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of daily walnut consumption on endothelial function , cardiovascular biomarkers , and anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetic individuals . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a r and omized , controlled , single-blind , crossover trial . Twenty-four participants with type 2 diabetes ( mean age 58 years ; 14 women and 10 men ) were r and omly assigned to one of the two possible sequence permutations to receive an ad libitum diet enriched with 56 g ( 366 kcal ) walnuts/day and an ad libitum diet without walnuts for 8 weeks . Subjects underwent endothelial function testing ( measured as flow-mediated dilatation [ FMD ] ) and assessment of cardiovascular biomarkers before and after each 8-week treatment phase . The primary outcome measure was the change in FMD after 8 weeks . Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures . RESULTS Endothelial function significantly improved after consumption of a walnut-enriched ad libitum diet compared with that after consumption of an ad libitum diet without walnuts ( 2.2 ± 1.7 vs. 1.2 ± 1.6 % ; P = 0.04 ) . The walnut-enriched diet increased fasting serum glucose and lowered serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol from baseline ( 10.0 ± 20.5 mg/dl , P = 0.04 ; −9.7 ± 14.5 mg/dl , P < 0.01 ; and −7.7 ± 10 mg/dl , P < 0.01 , respectively ) , although these changes were not significant compared with those for an ad libitum diet without walnuts . There were no significant changes in anthropometric measures , plasma A1C , and insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSIONS A walnut-enriched ad libitum diet improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in type 2 diabetic individuals , suggesting a potential reduction in overall cardiac risk
According to the network meta- analysis the Mediterranean diet is the most effective and efficacious dietary approach to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients
The aim of the present study is to assess the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a systematic review of the literature .