In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
The effect of aspartame as part of a multidisciplinary weight-control program on short- and long-term control of body weight.
This study investigated whether the addition of the high-intensity sweetener aspartame to a multidisciplinary weight-control program would improve weight loss and long-term control of body weight .  One hundred sixty-three obese women were r and omly assigned to consume or to abstain from aspartame-sweetened foods and beverages during 16 wk of a 19-wk weight-reduction program ( active weight loss ) , a 1-y maintenance program , and a 2-y follow-up period . Women in both treatment groups lost approximately 10 % of initial body weight ( 10 kg ) during active weight loss . Among women assigned to the aspartame-treatment group , aspartame intake was positively correlated with percentage weight loss during active weight loss ( r = 0.32 , P < 0.01 ) . During maintenance and follow-up , participants in the aspartame group experienced a 2.6 % ( 2.6 kg ) and 4.6 % ( 4.6 kg ) regain of initial body weight after 71 and 175 wk , respectively , whereas those in the no-aspartame group gained an average of 5.4 % ( 5.4 kg ) and 9.4 % ( 9.4 kg ) , respectively . The aspartame group lost significantly more weight overall ( P = 0.028 ) and regained significantly less weight during maintenance and follow-up ( P = 0.046 ) than did the no-aspartame group . Percentage weight losses at 71 and 175 wk were also positively correlated with exercise ( r = 0.32 , P < 0.001 ; and r = 0.34 , P < 0.01 , respectively ) and self-reported eating control ( r = 0.37 , P < 0.001 ; and r = 0.33 , P < 0.01 , respectively ) . These data suggest that participation in a multidisciplinary weight-control program that includes aspartame may facilitate the long-term maintenance of reduced body weight
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .