In general , when given alongside gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in most diets compared to diets that gave gestational weight gain advice only .
However , fasting glucose increased in high unsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids diets .
In the absence of gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in DASH-style diets compared to st and ard of care .
Although most were non-significant , similar trends were observed for these same diets for the other glycemic outcomes .
/INTERPRETATION Alongside with gestational weight gain advice , most diets , with the exception of a high unsaturated or a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet , demonstrated a fasting glucose improvement compared with gestational weight gain advice only .
When gestational weight gain advice was not given , the DASH-style diet appeared optimal on fasting glucose .
However , a small number of trials were identified and most dietary comparisons were underpowered to detect differences in glycemic outcomes .
AIMS Evidence to support dietary modifications to improve glycemia during pregnancy is limited , and the benefits of diet beyond limiting gestational weight gain is unclear .
Therefore , a systematic review and network meta- analysis of r and omized trials was conducted to compare the effects of various common diets , stratified by the addition of gestational weight gain advice , on fasting glucose and insulin , hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) , and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) in pregnant women .
Low Glycemic Index Carbohydrates versus All Types of Carbohydrates for Treating Diabetes in Pregnancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Glycemic Control
Background . Due to the higher prevalence of obesity and diabetes mellitus ( DM ) , more pregnant women complicated with diabetes are in need of clinical care . Purpose . Compare the effect of including only low glycemic index ( GI ) carbohydrates ( CHO ) against all types of CHO on maternal glycemic control and on the maternal and newborn 's nutritional status of women with type 2 DM and gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ) . Methods . Women ( n = 107 , ≤29 weeks of gestation ) were r and omly assigned to one of two nutrition intervention groups : moderate energy and CHO restriction ( Group 1 : all types of CHO , Group 2 : low GI foods ) . Results . No baseline differences in clinical data were observed . Capillary glucose concentrations throughout pregnancy were similar between groups . Fewer women in Group 2 exceeded weight gain recommendations . Higher risk of prematurity was observed in women in Group 2 . No differences in glycemic control were observed between women with type 2 DM and those with GDM . Conclusions . Inclusion of low GI CHO as part of a comprehensive nutrition intervention is equally effective in improving glycemic control as compared to all types of CHO . This strategy had a positive effect in preventing excessive maternal weight gain but increased the risk of prematurity
In general , when given alongside gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in most diets compared to diets that gave gestational weight gain advice only .
However , fasting glucose increased in high unsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids diets .
In the absence of gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in DASH-style diets compared to st and ard of care .
Although most were non-significant , similar trends were observed for these same diets for the other glycemic outcomes .
/INTERPRETATION Alongside with gestational weight gain advice , most diets , with the exception of a high unsaturated or a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet , demonstrated a fasting glucose improvement compared with gestational weight gain advice only .
When gestational weight gain advice was not given , the DASH-style diet appeared optimal on fasting glucose .
However , a small number of trials were identified and most dietary comparisons were underpowered to detect differences in glycemic outcomes .
AIMS Evidence to support dietary modifications to improve glycemia during pregnancy is limited , and the benefits of diet beyond limiting gestational weight gain is unclear .
Therefore , a systematic review and network meta- analysis of r and omized trials was conducted to compare the effects of various common diets , stratified by the addition of gestational weight gain advice , on fasting glucose and insulin , hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) , and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) in pregnant women .