Studies were primarily related to the assessment of pain in relation to surgical procedures , and no clear distinction was made concerning the onset of acute and chronic pain .
The metrics used within the tools appeared to focus primarily on the sensory aspect of pain , with no study clearly discriminating between the sensory and affective components of pain .
Objectives The objectives were to review systematic ally the range of assessment tools used in cats to detect the behavioural expression of pain and the evidence of their quality ; and to examine behavioural metrics ( considering both the sensory and affective domains ) used to assess pain .
Dose-related antinociceptive effects of intravenous buprenorphine in cats.
The dose-related antinociceptive effects of intravenous ( IV ) buprenorphine were evaluated in cats . Thermal ( TT ) and mechanical threshold ( MT ) devices were used for nociceptive stimulation . After baseline threshold recordings , buprenorphine was administered IV ( 0.01 , 0.02 or 0.04 mg/kg ; B1 , B2 and B4 , respectively ) in a r and omised , blinded and cross-over study . Data were analysed by ANOVA ( P<0.05 ) using 95 % confidence intervals ( CI ) . TT increased 15 , 30 , 45 min and 1 ( 5.2+/-2.7 degrees C ) , 2 , 3 and 4 h after B1 ; 15 , 30 , 45 min and 1 ( 5.1+/-3.9 degrees C ) and 2 h after B2 , and 15 , 30 , 45 min and 1 ( 5.4+/-3.3 degrees C ) , 2 , 3 , 6 and 8 h after B4 . MT increased 15 and 45 min after B2 ( 260+/-171 mmHg ) , and 30 ( 209+/-116 mmHg ) and 45 min and 1 and 2 h after B4 . At 45 min , MT values were significantly higher after B2 compared to B1 ( P<0.05 ) . With MT , B2 and B4 produced more antinociception and longer duration of action than B1 , respectively . No dose response to thermal stimulation was detected
Studies were primarily related to the assessment of pain in relation to surgical procedures , and no clear distinction was made concerning the onset of acute and chronic pain .
The metrics used within the tools appeared to focus primarily on the sensory aspect of pain , with no study clearly discriminating between the sensory and affective components of pain .
Objectives The objectives were to review systematic ally the range of assessment tools used in cats to detect the behavioural expression of pain and the evidence of their quality ; and to examine behavioural metrics ( considering both the sensory and affective domains ) used to assess pain .