These and other outcomes for effectiveness of BTX-A at different dosages in two observation periods indicate that a dose greater than 50 U is significantly more effective for certain symptoms of OAB compared with placebo .
However , there were no significant differences between some dosages .
Compared with placebo , the outcomes of total adverse events for NDO and for IDO show that doses of 300 U and 200 U for NDO are associated with more complications .
Conclusions In consideration that the treatments of BTX-A were with minimal , local , and manageable adverse effects , this meta- analysis demonstrates that BTX-A 200 U is recommended for management of NDO for short-term treatment for there was no significant difference from the larger dose of 300U .
Purpose To assess the effectiveness and safety of botulinum toxin A ( BTX-A ) at different dosages for overactive bladder ( OAB ) .
Sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction caused by multiple sclerosis: a single-centre prospective series
Background Sacral neuromodulation is well established in the treatment of refractory , non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction , but its efficacy and safety in patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction of neurological origin is unclear . Only few case series have been reported for multiple sclerosis . We prospect ively evaluated the efficacy and safety of sacral neuromodulation in patients with multiple sclerosis . Methods Seventeen patients ( 13 women , 4 men ) treated with sacral neuromodulation for refractory neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction caused by multiple sclerosis were prospect ively enrolled ( 2007–2011 ) . Patients had to have stable disease and confirmed neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction .  Voiding variables , adverse events , and subjective satisfaction were assessed . Results Sixteen ( 94 % ) patients had a positive test phase with a > 70 % improvement . After implantation of the pulse generator ( InterStim II ) , the improvement in voiding variables persisted . At 3 years , the median voided volume had improved significantly from 125 ( range 0 to 350 ) to 265 ml ( range 200 to 350 ) ( p < 0.001 ) , the post void residual from 170 ( range 0 to 730 ) to 25 ml ( range 0 to 300 ) ( p = 0.01 ) , micturition frequency from 12 ( range 6 to 20 ) to 7 ( range 4 to 12 ) ( p = 0.003 ) , and number of incontinence episodes from 3 ( range 0 to 10 ) to 0 ( range 0 to 1 ) ( p = 0.006 ) . The median subjective degree of satisfaction was 80 % . Only two patients developed lack of benefit . No major complications occurred . Conclusions Chronic sacral neuromodulation promises to be an effective and safe treatment of refractory neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction in selected patients with multiple sclerosis
These and other outcomes for effectiveness of BTX-A at different dosages in two observation periods indicate that a dose greater than 50 U is significantly more effective for certain symptoms of OAB compared with placebo .
However , there were no significant differences between some dosages .
Compared with placebo , the outcomes of total adverse events for NDO and for IDO show that doses of 300 U and 200 U for NDO are associated with more complications .
Conclusions In consideration that the treatments of BTX-A were with minimal , local , and manageable adverse effects , this meta- analysis demonstrates that BTX-A 200 U is recommended for management of NDO for short-term treatment for there was no significant difference from the larger dose of 300U .
Purpose To assess the effectiveness and safety of botulinum toxin A ( BTX-A ) at different dosages for overactive bladder ( OAB ) .