D and PA+D  interventions had larger effects on glucose reduction  than PA alone .
Lifestyle  interventions significantly improved FPG , HbA1c , FI , HOMA-IR , and bodyweight among adults without IGT or diabetes , and might reduce progression of hyperglycemia to type 2 diabetes mellitus
This study systematic ally assessed the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on glycemic indicators among adults ( ⩾18years ) without IGT or diabetes .
Independent and Combined Effects of Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise on Leukocyte Telomere Length in Postmenopausal Women
Objective Investigate the effects of 12 months of dietary weight loss and /or aerobic exercise on leukocyte telomere length in postmenopausal women . Design and Methods 439 overweight or obese women ( 50–75 y ) were r and omized to : i ) dietary weight loss ( N=118 ) ; ii ) aerobic exercise ( N=117 ) , iii ) diet + exercise ( N=117 ) , or iv ) control ( N=87 ) . The diet intervention was a group-based program with a 10 % weight loss goal . The exercise intervention was 45 mins/day , 5 days/week of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic activity .  Fasting blood sample s were taken at baseline and 12 months . DNA was extracted from isolated leukocytes and telomere length was measured by quantitative-polymerase chain reaction ( qPCR ) . Mean changes were compared between groups ( intent-to-treat ) using generalized estimating equations . Results Baseline telomere length was inversely associated with age ( r=−0.12 p<0.01 ) and positively associated with maximal oxygen uptake ( r=0.11 , p=0.03 ) , but not with BMI or % body fat . Change in telomere length was inversely correlated with baseline telomere length ( r=−0.47 , p<0.0001 ) . No significant difference in leukocyte telomere length was detected in any intervention group compared to controls , nor was the magnitude of weight loss associated with telomere length at 12 months . Conclusions Twelve-months of dietary weight loss and exercise did not change telomere length in postmenopausal women
D and PA+D  interventions had larger effects on glucose reduction  than PA alone .
Lifestyle  interventions significantly improved FPG , HbA1c , FI , HOMA-IR , and bodyweight among adults without IGT or diabetes , and might reduce progression of hyperglycemia to type 2 diabetes mellitus
This study systematic ally assessed the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on glycemic indicators among adults ( ⩾18years ) without IGT or diabetes .