The literature on risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases showed that lutein might be beneficial for atherosclerosis and inflammatory markers , but there were inconsistent associations with blood pressure , adiposity , insulin resistance , and blood lipids .
CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that higher dietary intake and higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with better cardiometabolic health .
BACKGROUND The antioxidant lutein is suggested as being beneficial to cardiometabolic health because of its protective effect against oxidative stress , but evidence has not systematic ally been evaluated .
OBJECTIVE We aim ed to evaluate systematic ally the effects of lutein ( intake or concentrations ) on cardiometabolic outcomes in different life stages .
Dietary carotenoids and risk of coronary artery disease in women.
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have shown that higher intakes or higher blood concentrations of carotenes are associated with a lower risk of  coronary artery disease ( CAD ) . Given the null results in trials of beta-carotene supplementation , considerable attention has focused on the potential role of other dietary carotenoids in the prevention of CAD . OBJECTIVE Our objective was to prospect ively examine the relation between dietary intakes of specific carotenoids and risk of CAD in women . DESIGN In 1984 , 73 286 female nurses completed a semiquantitative food-frequency question naire that assessed their consumption of carotenoids and various other nutrients . The women were followed for 12 y for the development of incident CAD ( nonfatal myocardial infa rct ion and fatal CAD ) , and dietary information was up date d in 1986 , 1990 , and 1994 . RESULTS During 12 y of follow-up ( 803 590 person-years ) , we identified 998 incident cases of CAD . After adjustment for age , smoking , and other CAD risk factors , we observed modest but significant inverse associations between the highest quintiles of intake of beta-carotene and alpha-carotene and risk of CAD but no significant relation with intakes of lutein/zeaxanthin , lycopene , or beta-cryptoxanthin .  For women in the highest compared with the respective lowest quintile of intake , the relative risks for beta-carotene and alpha-carotene were 0.74 ( 95 % CI : 0.59 , 0.93 ) and 0.80 ( 95 % CI : 0.65 , 0.99 ) , respectively . The association between the specific carotenoids and CAD risk did not vary significantly by current smoking status . CONCLUSION Higher intakes of foods rich in alpha-carotene or beta-carotene are associated with a reduction in risk of CAD
The literature on risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases showed that lutein might be beneficial for atherosclerosis and inflammatory markers , but there were inconsistent associations with blood pressure , adiposity , insulin resistance , and blood lipids .
CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that higher dietary intake and higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with better cardiometabolic health .
BACKGROUND The antioxidant lutein is suggested as being beneficial to cardiometabolic health because of its protective effect against oxidative stress , but evidence has not systematic ally been evaluated .
OBJECTIVE We aim ed to evaluate systematic ally the effects of lutein ( intake or concentrations ) on cardiometabolic outcomes in different life stages .