Current evidence from systematic review and meta- analysis revealed that probiotics are the most promising intervention in reduction of the incidence of NEC in VLBW neonates .
As per the evidence , prebiotics modulate the composition of human intestine microflora to the benefit of the host by suppression of colonization of harmful microorganism and /or the stimulation of bifidobacterial growth , decreased stool viscosity , reduced gastrointestinal transit time , and better feed tolerance .
Necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) is one of the most serious gastrointestinal emergencies in very low birth weight ( VLBW ) preterm neonates , affecting 7 - 14 % of these neonates .
Due to the seriousness of the disease , prevention of NEC is the most important goal .
Human milk oligosaccharides are associated with protection against diarrhea in breast-fed infants.
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between maternal milk levels of 2-linked fucosylated oligosaccharide and prevention of diarrhea as a result of Campylobacter , caliciviruses , and diarrhea of all causes in breast-fed infants . STUDY DESIGN Data and banked sample s were analyzed from 93 breast-feeding mother-infant pairs who were prospect ively studied during 1988 - 1991 from birth to 2 years with infant feeding and diarrhea data collected weekly ; diarrhea was diagnosed by a study physician .  Milk sample s obtained 1 to 5 weeks postpartum were analyzed for oligosaccharide content . Data were analyzed by Poisson regression . RESULTS Total 2-linked fucosyloligosaccharide in maternal milk ranged from 0.8 to 20.8 mmol/L ( 50%-92 % of milk oligosaccharide ) . Moderate-to-severe diarrhea of all causes ( n=77 cases ) occurred less often ( P=.001 ) in infants whose milk contained high levels of total 2-linked fucosyloligosaccharide as a percent of milk oligosaccharide . Campylobacter diarrhea ( n=31 cases ) occurred less often ( P=.004 ) in infants whose mother 's milk contained high levels of 2'-FL , a specific 2-linked fucosyloligosaccharide , and calicivirus diarrhea ( n=16 cases ) occurred less often ( P=.012 ) in infants whose mother 's milk contained high levels of lacto-N-difucohexaose ( LDFH-I ) , another 2-linked fucosyloligosaccharide . CONCLUSION This study provides novel evidence suggesting that human milk oligosaccharides are clinical ly relevant to protection against infant diarrhea
Current evidence from systematic review and meta- analysis revealed that probiotics are the most promising intervention in reduction of the incidence of NEC in VLBW neonates .
As per the evidence , prebiotics modulate the composition of human intestine microflora to the benefit of the host by suppression of colonization of harmful microorganism and /or the stimulation of bifidobacterial growth , decreased stool viscosity , reduced gastrointestinal transit time , and better feed tolerance .
Necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) is one of the most serious gastrointestinal emergencies in very low birth weight ( VLBW ) preterm neonates , affecting 7 - 14 % of these neonates .
Due to the seriousness of the disease , prevention of NEC is the most important goal .