According to the network meta- analysis the Mediterranean diet is the most effective and efficacious dietary approach to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients
The aim of the present study is to assess the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a systematic review of the literature .
Effects of varying carbohydrate content of diet in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE To study effects of variation in carbohydrate content of diet on glycemia and plasma lipoproteins in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( NIDDM ) . DESIGN A four-center r and omized crossover trial . SETTING Outpatient and inpatient evaluation in metabolic units . PATIENTS Forty-two NIDDM patients receiving glipizide therapy .  INTERVENTIONS A high-carbohydrate diet containing 55 % of the total energy as carbohydrates and 30 % as fats was compared with a high-monounsaturated-fat diet containing 40 % carbohydrates and 45 % fats . The amounts of saturated fats , polyunsaturated fats , cholesterol , sucrose , and protein were similar . The study diets , prepared in metabolic kitchens , were provided as the sole nutrients to subjects for 6 weeks each . To assess longer-term effects , a subgroup of 21 patients continued the diet they received second for an additional 8 weeks . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Fasting plasma glucose , insulin , lipoproteins , and glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations . Twenty-four-hour profiles of glucose , insulin , and triglyceride levels . RESULTS The site of study as well as the diet order did not affect the results . Compared with the high-monounsaturated-fat diet , the high-carbohydrate diet increased fasting plasma triglyceride levels and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 24 % ( P < .0001 ) and 23 % ( P = .0001 ) , respectively , and increased daylong plasma triglyceride , glucose , and insulin values by 10 % ( P = .03 ) , 12 % ( P < .0001 ) , and 9 % ( P = .02 ) , respectively . Plasma total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained unchanged . The effects of both diets on plasma glucose , insulin , and triglyceride levels persisted for 14 weeks . CONCLUSIONS In NIDDM patients , high-carbohydrate diets compared with high-monounsaturated-fat diets caused persistent deterioration of glycemic control and accentuation of hyperinsulinemia , as well as increased plasma triglyceride and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels , which may not be desirable
According to the network meta- analysis the Mediterranean diet is the most effective and efficacious dietary approach to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients
The aim of the present study is to assess the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a systematic review of the literature .