For most comparisons , the credibility of evidence was rated very low to moderate , with the exception for the DASH vs. the low-fat dietary approach for which the quality of evidence was rated high .
Conclusion : The present network meta- analysis suggests that the DASH dietary approach might be the most effective dietary measure to reduce blood pressure among hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients based on high quality evidence
ABSTRACT Background : Pairwise meta-analyses have shown beneficial effects of individual dietary approaches on blood pressure but their comparative effects have not been established .
Objective : Therefore we performed a systematic review of different dietary intervention trials and estimated the aggregate blood pressure effects through network meta- analysis including hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients .
Effects of exercise and weight loss on cardiac risk factors associated with syndrome X.
BACKGROUND Patients with high blood pressure ( BP ) often exhibit syndrome X , an aggregation of abnormalities in carbohydrate and lipoprotein metabolism associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) . The present study evaluated the effects of a 6-month intervention involving either aerobic exercise training alone ( EX only ) or exercise combined with a structured weight loss program ( EX + WL ) on CHD risk factors associated with syndrome X. METHODS A total of 53 men and women were selected from a larger behavioral intervention trial , who showed the hyperinsulinemia , dyslipidemia , and high BP characteristic of syndrome X. Participants were r and omly assigned to EX only ( n = 21 ) , EX + WL ( n = 21 ) , or a waiting list control group ( n = 11 ) . Before and following treatment , participants underwent measurement of  glucose tolerance , lipid levels , and clinical BP . RESULTS Hyperinsulinemic responses to glucose challenge were significantly reduced in both the EX + WL group ( P<.001 ) and the EX-only group ( P = .003 ) . Participants who showed the largest amount of weight loss showed the most robust improvements in abnormal insulin responses ( EX + WL group , 47 % reduction ; EX-only group , 27 % reduction ) . Diastolic BP was significantly reduced in the EX + WL group ( 96 + /- 4 to 87 + /- 5 mm Hg [ mean + /- SD ] ; P = .01 ) , but not in the EX-only group ( 93 + /- 4 to 89 + /- 5 mm Hg [ mean + /- SD ] ; P = .08 ) . Lipid profile was not significantly improved by either intervention . CONCLUSION These results suggest that EX + WL is an effective treatment for hyperinsulinemia and lowering of diastolic BP in patients with the syndrome
For most comparisons , the credibility of evidence was rated very low to moderate , with the exception for the DASH vs. the low-fat dietary approach for which the quality of evidence was rated high .
Conclusion : The present network meta- analysis suggests that the DASH dietary approach might be the most effective dietary measure to reduce blood pressure among hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients based on high quality evidence
ABSTRACT Background : Pairwise meta-analyses have shown beneficial effects of individual dietary approaches on blood pressure but their comparative effects have not been established .
Objective : Therefore we performed a systematic review of different dietary intervention trials and estimated the aggregate blood pressure effects through network meta- analysis including hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients .