In general , stimulants improved driving performance in ADHD patients ( either in RCTs conducted in simulators and /or cars ) .
MPH-OROS  improved driving performance compared with MAS-XR , placebo , or no-drug conditions .
Although MPH-OROS and MPH-IR produced similar improvements during the day , MPH-IR lost its efficacy in the evening .
MAS-XR also improved driving performance , but worsened driving performance in the evening .
Studies with ATX report conflicting results .
Improvement was more consistent in teenagers and young adults .
In general , treatment with psychostimulants or ATX in therapeutic dosages had no negative impact on driving performance of ADHD patients .
To conclude , treatment with stimulants in therapeutic doses improves driving performance in ADHD patients , especially teenagers and young adults
Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ) , especially teenagers and young adults , show important car driving impairments , including risky driving , accidents , fines and suspension of driver׳s license .
We systematic ally review ed the efficacy of stimulant and non-stimulant drugs on driving performance of ADHD patients .
Impact of methylphenidate delivery profiles on driving performance of adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study.
OBJECTIVE Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) are at high risk for driving accidents . One dose of methylpheni date ( MPH ) improves simulator driving performances of ADHD-diagnosed adolescents at 1.5 hours post-dose . However , little is known about the effects of different MPH delivery profiles on driving performance throughout the day . METHOD This r and omized , crossover , single-blind study compared osmotic , controlled-release oral system ( OROS ) MPH ( Concerta ) given q.d . to immediate-release MPH ( Ritalin ) given in equal doses t.i.d . on driving performance among six male ADHD-diagnosed adolescent drivers aged 16 to 19 years . Under each treatment condition , participants were maintained on their medication dosage for 7 days , then drove a sophisticated driving simulator at 2 p.m. , 5 p.m. , 8 p.m. , and 11 p.m. The primary outcome measure was each participant 's computer-quantified Impaired Driving Score ( IDS ) . RESULTS IDS worsened in the evenings for participants receiving MPH t.i.d . but remained stable when they received once-daily OROS MPH . Participants performed significantly better when receiving OROS MPH q.d . compared with MPH t.i.d . ( F = 9.3 , df = 1 , p = .004 ) . When MPH was given t.i.d . , IDS significantly worsened beginning at 8 p.m. compared to OROS MPH ( p = .01 ) . CONCLUSIONS Participants demonstrated significantly less variability and better driving performance when receiving OROS MPH q.d . compared to MPH t.i.d . , particularly in the evenings
In general , stimulants improved driving performance in ADHD patients ( either in RCTs conducted in simulators and /or cars ) .
MPH-OROS  improved driving performance compared with MAS-XR , placebo , or no-drug conditions .
Although MPH-OROS and MPH-IR produced similar improvements during the day , MPH-IR lost its efficacy in the evening .
MAS-XR also improved driving performance , but worsened driving performance in the evening .
Studies with ATX report conflicting results .
Improvement was more consistent in teenagers and young adults .
In general , treatment with psychostimulants or ATX in therapeutic dosages had no negative impact on driving performance of ADHD patients .
To conclude , treatment with stimulants in therapeutic doses improves driving performance in ADHD patients , especially teenagers and young adults
Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ) , especially teenagers and young adults , show important car driving impairments , including risky driving , accidents , fines and suspension of driver׳s license .
We systematic ally review ed the efficacy of stimulant and non-stimulant drugs on driving performance of ADHD patients .