In the fixed effect model , the warming group had significantly less pain and lower incidence of wound infection , compared with the no-warming group .
In the r and om effect model , the warming group was also associated with lower risk of post-anesthetic shivering .
Both in the r and om and the fixed effect models , the warming group was associated with significantly less blood loss .
Perioperative warming of surgical patients is effective in reducing postoperative wound pain , wound infection and shivering .
Systemic warming of the surgical patient is also associated with less perioperative blood loss through preventing hypothermia-induced coagulopathy .
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to systematic ally analyze the trials on the effectiveness of perioperative warming in surgical patients .
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Arctic Sun® Temperature Management System Versus Conventional Methods for Preventing Hypothermia During Off-Pump Cardiac Surgery
In this trial we compared the hypothermia avoidance abilities of the A rct ic Sun ® Temperature Management System ( a servo-regulated system that circulates temperature-controlled water through unique energy transfer pads adherent to the patient ’s body ) with conventional temperature control methods . Patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass ( OPCAB ) surgery were r and omized to either the A rct ic Sun System alone ( AS group ) or conventional methods ( control group ; increased room temperature , heated IV fluids , convective forced air warming system ) for the prevention of hypothermia ( defined by a temperature < 36 ° C ) . The AS group had nasopharyngeal temperature servo-regulated to a target of 36.8 ° C . Temperature was recorded throughout the operative period and comparisons were made between groups for both the time and area under the curve ( AUC ) for a temperature < 36 ° C ( AUC<36 ° C ) . Twenty-nine patients ( AS group = 14 , control group = 15 ) were studied . The AS group had significantly less hypothermia than the control group , both for duration of time < 36 ° C ( 2.5 [ 0–22 ] min , median [ interquartile range ] AS group versus 118 [ 49–192 ] min , control group ; P = 0.0008 ) as well as for AUC<36 ° C ( 0.3 [ 0–2.2 ] ° C × min , AS group versus 17.1 [ 3.6–173.4 ] ° C × min , control group ; P = 0.002 ) . The A rct ic Sun Temperature Management System significantly reduced intraoperative hypothermia during OPCAB surgery . Importantly , this was achieved in the absence of any other temperature modulating techniques , including the use of IV fluid warming or increases in the ambient operating room temperature
In the fixed effect model , the warming group had significantly less pain and lower incidence of wound infection , compared with the no-warming group .
In the r and om effect model , the warming group was also associated with lower risk of post-anesthetic shivering .
Both in the r and om and the fixed effect models , the warming group was associated with significantly less blood loss .
Perioperative warming of surgical patients is effective in reducing postoperative wound pain , wound infection and shivering .
Systemic warming of the surgical patient is also associated with less perioperative blood loss through preventing hypothermia-induced coagulopathy .
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to systematic ally analyze the trials on the effectiveness of perioperative warming in surgical patients .