Conclusion The results of this systematic review indicate that motor performance is further impaired by placing a cognitive load on individuals in population s with musculoskeletal injury .
More dem and ing tasks such as gait appear to be more affected in injured individuals than simple balance tasks .
Background Research suggests that individuals with musculoskeletal injury may have difficulty negotiating physical tasks when they are combined with cognitive loads .
Objective Our objective was to conduct a systematic review to underst and the effects of increased cognitive dem and on movement patterns among individuals with musculoskeletal injuries .
Cognitive loading-induced sway alterations are similar in those with chronic ankle instability and uninjured controls.
Performing a cognitive task while balancing can result in either increased or decreased sway depending on the nature of the cognitive task , and is commonly used in pathologic population s to evaluate postural performance . A total of 39 participants were recruited into two groups : uninjured controls ( n=20 , age : 21.9±2.1 years , height : 175.0±11.2 cm , mass : 71.3±14.9 kg ) and chronic ankle instability ( n=19 , age : 22.1±5.6 years , height : 169.7±7.7 cm , mass : 72.9±17.3 kg ) . Participants were asked to perform one of three cognitive tasks while maintaining single limb balance . Cognitive tasks included backwards counting by 3 ( BC ) , the manikin test ( MAN ) , and r and om number generation ( RNG ) . Time-to-boundary minima , mean , and st and ard deviations were calculated and compared between groups as pre to post change scores . Effect sizes and 95 % confidence intervals were also calculated to test for group differences and the effect of task performance on sway . No significant main effects of Group or Group by Task interactions were identified ( p>0.05 ) . However , a significant multivariate main effect of Task was identified in BC ( p=0.001 , F(6 , 32)=4.804 ) and RNG ( p<0.001 , F(6 , 32)=6.233 ) but not for MAN ( p=0.117 ) . The results suggest that those with chronic ankle instability and uninjured controls have similar postural-suprapostural interactions across multiple cognitive task domains . Both the BC and RNG tasks result ed in less sway for all participants . Our results suggest that dual-task interference in the CAI population may not be present as previous research would suggest
Conclusion The results of this systematic review indicate that motor performance is further impaired by placing a cognitive load on individuals in population s with musculoskeletal injury .
More dem and ing tasks such as gait appear to be more affected in injured individuals than simple balance tasks .
Background Research suggests that individuals with musculoskeletal injury may have difficulty negotiating physical tasks when they are combined with cognitive loads .
Objective Our objective was to conduct a systematic review to underst and the effects of increased cognitive dem and on movement patterns among individuals with musculoskeletal injuries .