68 % of the outcomes reported showed that clinical pharmacy services were associated with better improvement in patients ' outcomes compared with the control group .
The involvement of a pharmacist demonstrated an ability to improve CVD outcomes through providing educational intervention , medicine management intervention , or a combination of both .
These interventions result ed in improved CVD risk factors , improved patient outcomes , and reduced number of drug-related problems with a direct effect on CVD control .
These improvements may lead to an improvement in patient quality of life , better use of health care re sources , and a reduced rate of mortality
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) is considered to be the main cause of death and one of the most common diseases affecting health care systems worldwide .
Many methods have been used to improve CVD outcomes , one of which is to involve clinical pharmacists in the direct care of patients with CVD .
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review assessing the effectiveness of clinical pharmacist interventions within a multidisciplinary team in the secondary prevention of CVD , using studies conducted on patients with heart failure , coronary heart disease , or those with CVD risk factors .
Clinical impact of a pharmacist-physician co-managed programme on hyperlipidaemia management in Hong Kong.
OBJECTIVE The study aim ed to investigate the clinical impact of pharmacist-physician co-managed programme on the management of  hyperlipidaemia . METHODS The study was a prospect i ve r and omized controlled trial . Adult patients were selected if : ( i ) they were taking one or more lipid-lowering agents with a valid lipid panel before their next follow up ; ( ii ) had a baseline lipid profile within the previous 6 months ; ( iii ) their lipid panel did not reach the targeted low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( LDL-C ) goal based on the National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III . Pharmacists interviewed patients in the intervention group for 15 - 30 min to provide consultation on the drug regimen and lifestyle modifications . A telephone follow-up every 4 weeks and a follow-up interview on the date of the physician visit were scheduled . Patients in the control group received routine conventional care . The primary outcome measurement was the change in lipid panel between baseline and at the end of study . RESULTS One hundred and eighteen patients were recruited to the study [ 58 patients in intervention group ( mean age 63 + /- 10 years old ) and 60 in control group ( mean age 61 + /- 12 years old ) ] . Starting with similar baseline levels , the end of study LDL-C and total cholesterol levels for the intervention and control groups were LDL-C : 2.80 + /- 0.89 mmol/L and total cholesterol 4.75 + /- 1.08 mmol/L vs. LDL-C : 3.24 + /- 0.78 mmol/L and total cholesterol 5.18 + /- 0.93 mmol/L , respectively . The differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.0015 ) . CONCLUSION The study showed that a pharmacist-physician co-managed programme for hyperlipidaemic patient was effective in getting more patients to reach their target lipid levels
68 % of the outcomes reported showed that clinical pharmacy services were associated with better improvement in patients ' outcomes compared with the control group .
The involvement of a pharmacist demonstrated an ability to improve CVD outcomes through providing educational intervention , medicine management intervention , or a combination of both .
These interventions result ed in improved CVD risk factors , improved patient outcomes , and reduced number of drug-related problems with a direct effect on CVD control .
These improvements may lead to an improvement in patient quality of life , better use of health care re sources , and a reduced rate of mortality
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) is considered to be the main cause of death and one of the most common diseases affecting health care systems worldwide .
Many methods have been used to improve CVD outcomes , one of which is to involve clinical pharmacists in the direct care of patients with CVD .
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review assessing the effectiveness of clinical pharmacist interventions within a multidisciplinary team in the secondary prevention of CVD , using studies conducted on patients with heart failure , coronary heart disease , or those with CVD risk factors .