An as-produced surface of oxide ceramic needs to be surface treated to achieve durable bond strength .
Abrasive surface treatment and /or silica-coating treatment with the use of primer treatment can provide sufficient bond strength for bonding oxide ceramics .
The following aims were set for this systematic literature review : ( a ) to make an inventory of existing methods to achieve bondable surfaces on oxide ceramics and ( b ) to evaluate which methods might provide sufficient bond strength .
Adhesive quality of self-adhesive and conventional adhesive resin cement to Y-TZP ceramic before and after aging conditions.
PURPOSE This study evaluated the adhesive quality of simplified self-adhesive and conventional resin cements to Y-TZP in dry and aged conditions . METHODS  Y-TZP ceramic blocks ( N = 192 ) ( 5 x 5 x 2 mm ) were embedded in acrylic resin and r and omly divided into two groups , based on surface conditioning : 96 % isopropanol or chairside tribochemical silica coating and silanization . Conditioned ceramics were divided into four groups to receive the resin cements ( Panavia F 2.0 , Variolink II , RelyX U100 and Maxcem ) . After 24 hours , half of the specimens ( n = 12 ) from each group were su bmi tted to shear bond strength testing ( 0.5 mm/minute ) . The remaining specimens were tested after 90 days of water storage at 37 degrees C and thermocycling ( 12,000x , 5 degrees C-55 degrees C ) . Failure types were then assessed . The data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA and the Tukey 's test ( alpha = 0.05 ) . RESULTS Significant effects of ceramic conditioning , cement type and storage conditions were observed ( p < 0.0001 ) . The groups cleaned using alcohol only showed low bond strength values in dry conditions and the bond strength was reduced dramatically after aging . Groups conditioned using silica coating and silanization showed higher bond strengths both in dry and aged conditions . A high number of specimens failed prematurely prior to testing when they were cleaned using 96 % isopropanol . CONCLUSION Overall , silica coating and silanization showed higher , stable bond strengths with and without aging . The durability of resin-ceramic adhesion varied , depending on the adhesive cement type
An as-produced surface of oxide ceramic needs to be surface treated to achieve durable bond strength .
Abrasive surface treatment and /or silica-coating treatment with the use of primer treatment can provide sufficient bond strength for bonding oxide ceramics .
The following aims were set for this systematic literature review : ( a ) to make an inventory of existing methods to achieve bondable surfaces on oxide ceramics and ( b ) to evaluate which methods might provide sufficient bond strength .