In addition , there was a low level of evidence that hypercaloric fructose and glucose diets have similar effects on liver fat and liver enzymes in healthy adults .
There was insufficient evidence to draw a conclusion for effects of HFCS or sucrose on NAFLD .
Conclusions : On the basis of indirect comparisons across study findings , the apparent association between indexes of liver health ( ie , liver fat , hepatic de novo lipogenesis , alanine aminotransferase , AST , and γ-glutamyl transpeptase ) and fructose or sucrose intake appear to be confounded by excessive energy intake .
Overall , the available evidence is not sufficiently robust to draw conclusions regarding effects of fructose , HFCS , or sucrose consumption on NAFLD
Background : Concerns have been raised about the concurrent temporal trend between simple sugar intakes , especially of fructose or high-fructose corn syrup ( HFCS ) , and rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) in the United States .
Objective : We examined the effect of different amounts and forms of dietary fructose on the incidence or prevalence of NAFLD and indexes of liver health in humans .
Effects of supplementation with essential amino acids on intrahepatic lipid concentrations during fructose overfeeding in humans.
BACKGROUND A high dietary protein intake has been shown to blunt the deposition of intrahepatic lipids in high-fat- and high-carbohydrate-fed rodents and humans . OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of essential amino acid supplementation on the increase in hepatic fat content induced by a high-fructose diet in healthy subjects . DESIGN Nine healthy male volunteers were studied on 3 occasions in a r and omized , crossover design after 6 d of dietary intervention . Dietary conditions consisted of a weight-maintenance balanced diet ( control ) or the same balanced diet supplemented with 3 g fructose · kg(-1 ) · d(-1 ) and 6.77 g of a mixture of 5 essential amino acids 3 times/d ( leucine , isoleucine , valine , lysine , and threonine ) ( HFrAA ) or with 3 g fructose · kg(-1 ) · d(-1 ) and a maltodextrin placebo 3 times/d ( HFr ) ; there was a washout period of 4 to 10 wk between each condition . For each condition , the intrahepatocellular lipid ( IHCL ) concentration , VLDL-triglyceride concentration , and VLDL-[(13)C]palmitate production were measured after oral loading with [(13)C]fructose . RESULTS HFr increased the IHCL content ( 1.27 ± 0.31 compared with 2.74 ± 0.55 vol % ; P < 0.05 ) and VLDL-triglyceride ( 0.55 ± 0.06 compared with 1.40 ± 0.15 mmol/L ; P < 0.05 ) . HFr also enhanced VLDL-[(13)C]palmitate production . HFrAA significantly decreased IHCL compared with HFr ( to 2.30 ± 0.43 vol% ; P < 0.05 ) but did not change VLDL-triglyceride concentrations or VLDL-[(13)C]palmitate production . CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with essential amino acids blunts the fructose-induced increase in IHCL but not hypertriglyceridemia . This is not because of inhibition of VLDL-[(13)C]palmitate production . This trial was registered at www . clinical trials.gov as NCT01119989
In addition , there was a low level of evidence that hypercaloric fructose and glucose diets have similar effects on liver fat and liver enzymes in healthy adults .
There was insufficient evidence to draw a conclusion for effects of HFCS or sucrose on NAFLD .
Conclusions : On the basis of indirect comparisons across study findings , the apparent association between indexes of liver health ( ie , liver fat , hepatic de novo lipogenesis , alanine aminotransferase , AST , and γ-glutamyl transpeptase ) and fructose or sucrose intake appear to be confounded by excessive energy intake .
Overall , the available evidence is not sufficiently robust to draw conclusions regarding effects of fructose , HFCS , or sucrose consumption on NAFLD
Background : Concerns have been raised about the concurrent temporal trend between simple sugar intakes , especially of fructose or high-fructose corn syrup ( HFCS ) , and rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) in the United States .
Objective : We examined the effect of different amounts and forms of dietary fructose on the incidence or prevalence of NAFLD and indexes of liver health in humans .