No significant effect was found on cardiovascular events , mortality , diastolic blood pressure , or cholesterol .
Conclusions — We found that lifestyle interventions are effective in lowering systolic blood pressure .
About other end points , this systematic review found no effect of lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular event rate mortality , diastolic blood pressure , or total cholesterol
Background and Purpose — Patients with a transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke have an increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular events .
The purpose of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to determine whether lifestyle interventions focusing on behaviorally modifiable risk factors with or without an exercise program are effective in terms of ( 1 ) preventing recurrent cardiovascular events , ( 2 ) reducing mortality , and ( 3 ) improving modifiable risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in patients after a transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke .
Use of the six-minute walk test poststroke: is there a practice effect?
OBJECTIVES To determine whether a practice effect occurs across 2 trials of the six-minute walk test ( 6MWT ) among community-dwelling people within 1 year poststroke and to identify characteristics distinguishing people who show a practice effect from those who do not . DESIGN Secondary analysis of scores on 2 trials of the 6MWT administered approximately 30 minutes apart at baseline in a r and omized controlled trial . SETTING General community . PARTICIPANTS People ( N=91 ) living in the community with a residual walking deficit within the first year of a first or recurrent stroke . INTERVENTIONS Not applicable . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Distance walked on the 6MWT .  RESULTS Mean 6MWT scores + /- SD for trials 1 and 2 were 196+/-119 m and 197+/-126 m , respectively ( n=83 ) . The mean difference in 6MWT performance across trials was 0+/-35 m ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , -7 to 8 m ) . The Pearson correlation coefficient between 6MWT distances was .96 ( P<.001 ) , and the intraclass correlation coefficient was .98 ( 95 % CI , .97-.99 ) . The Bl and -Altman plot showed no clear pattern . Participants whose improvement was equal to or greater than the minimal detectable change of 29 m between trials ( 14 % ) did not significantly differ from those in the rest of the study sample ; however , they tended to be younger ( P=.05 ) and more likely to have a mild or moderate gait deficit ( P=.06 ) . CONCLUSIONS Findings do not support a practice effect across 2 trials of the 6MWT in individuals within 1 year poststroke . Thus , a practice walk does not appear necessary . Further research is recommended to evaluate the influence of young age , acute stroke , and mild-to-moderate gait deficit on practice effects
No significant effect was found on cardiovascular events , mortality , diastolic blood pressure , or cholesterol .
Conclusions — We found that lifestyle interventions are effective in lowering systolic blood pressure .
About other end points , this systematic review found no effect of lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular event rate mortality , diastolic blood pressure , or total cholesterol
Background and Purpose — Patients with a transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke have an increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular events .
The purpose of this systematic review and meta- analysis was to determine whether lifestyle interventions focusing on behaviorally modifiable risk factors with or without an exercise program are effective in terms of ( 1 ) preventing recurrent cardiovascular events , ( 2 ) reducing mortality , and ( 3 ) improving modifiable risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in patients after a transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke .