In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
A case-control study of multiple myeloma nested in the American Cancer Society prospective study.
Among the subjects enrolled in the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II , a large nation-wide prospect i ve study , 282 died from multiple myeloma ( MM ) during the first 4 years of follow-up . These were divided into incident cases who were initially free from disease and prevalent cases who reported MM or related symptoms at the time of enrollment . For each case , 4 controls matched for age , sex , ethnic group and residence were r and omly selected . Previous history of diabetes [ odds ratio ( OR ) = 2.0 ] and employment as farmer ( OR = 2.7 ) were the risk factors consistently suggested by the results of the analysis . The risk associated with farming showed a linear trend with duration of exposure . Pesticide or herbicide exposure was not a risk factor per se but , when combined with farming , it increased the OR to 4.3 . Low education , occupational exposure to dyes , and employment in a bank , on the railroad or as a maid were also suggested risk factors , but either they were not statistically significant or they were based on small numbers of exposed subjects . No association between MM and asbestos exposure was observed
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .