According to the network meta- analysis the Mediterranean diet is the most effective and efficacious dietary approach to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients
The aim of the present study is to assess the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a systematic review of the literature .
The Effect of High- and Low-Glycemic Index Energy Restricted Diets on Plasma Lipid and Glucose Profiles in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects with Varying Glycemic Control
Objective : To determine whether glycemic index ( GI ) differentially affects improved glucose and lipid profiles observed during weight loss in overweight subjects previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with variable glucose tolerance . Methods : Twenty-three female and twenty-two male overweight subjects participated in 12 weeks of energy restriction ( average BMI 33.2 kg/m2 , age 56.7 years , glycated hemoglobin ( GHb ) 6.7 % ) . After a four-week run-in on a high saturated fat ( SFA ) diet ( 1540 kcal/day , 17 % SFA ) , the free-living subjects were r and omly assigned to either a high- ( 75 GI units ) or low- ( 43 GI units ) GI diet ( 1440 kcal/day , 60 % carbohydrate , 5 % SFA ) for eight weeks . Weight , serum lipids , plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin were measured every four weeks . An oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT ) was also performed at baseline , weeks 4 and 12 . From the baseline OGTT results subjects were divided into three groups of low , median and high glucose tolerance . Results : At baseline , BMI , age and glycated hemoglobin concentrations were not different between subjects allocated to the high- or low-GI diets . After four weeks , weight loss was 3.6 ± 0.3 kg . Fasting glucose ( −5.6 % ) , glycated hemoglobin ( −2.8 % ) , area under the glucose curve ( −13.0 % ) and triglyceride ( −13.8 % ) concentrations were reduced ( p < 0.02 ) . Between weeks 4 and 12 reductions were observed in weight ( −4.9 % ) , fasting glucose ( −4.6 % ) , area under glucose curve ( −10.1 % ) , glycated hemoglobin ( −7.2 % ) , triglyceride ( −7.5 % ) and LDL-C ( −13.2 % ) concentrations . Weight loss was not different between low and high-GI diets . However , glycated hemoglobin was reduced twofold more in subjects consuming a low-GI diet as compared to subjects consuming a high-GI diet , but this was not statistically significant . LDL concentrations were also reduced more in subjects with low glucose tolerance on the low-GI diet ( p = 0.02 ) . Conclusion : Weight loss produces substantial improvements in glycemic control and lipoprotein metabolism . Lowering the glycemic index of high carbohydrate , low fat diets increases the fall in LDL cholesterol in subjects with type 2 diabetes with low glucose tolerance , but has little effect on glycemic control
According to the network meta- analysis the Mediterranean diet is the most effective and efficacious dietary approach to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients
The aim of the present study is to assess the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a systematic review of the literature .