The results of this systematic review and meta‐ analysis suggest that probiotic and synbiotic supplementation may help to improve biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic patients .
Abstract The role of gut microbiota in the management of diabetes has been shown .
Several current trials are investigating the effect of probiotics and prebiotics , which are widely used to modulate intestinal microbiota , on inflammatory factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetic patients ; however , their findings are controversial .
The aim of the current meta‐ analysis was to evaluate the effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on levels of serum high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein ( hs‐CRP ) and biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetic patients .
Multicenter Trial of a Combination Probiotic for Children with Gastroenteritis
Background Gastroenteritis accounts for approximately 1.7 million visits to the emergency department ( ED ) by children in the United States every year . Data to determine whether the use of probiotics improves outcomes in these children are lacking . Methods We conducted a r and omized , double‐blind trial involving 886 children 3 to 48 months of age with gastroenteritis who presented to six pediatric EDs in Canada . Participants received a 5‐day course of a combination probiotic product containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 and L. helveticus R0052 , at a dose of 4.0 × 109 colony‐forming units twice daily or placebo . The primary outcome was moderate‐to‐severe gastroenteritis , which was defined according to a post‐enrollment modified Vesikari scale symptom score of 9 or higher ( scores range from 0 to 20 , with higher scores indicating more severe disease ) . Secondary outcomes included the duration of diarrhea and vomiting , the percentage of children who had unscheduled physician visits , and the presence or absence of adverse events . Results Moderate‐to‐severe gastroenteritis within 14 days after enrollment occurred in 108 of 414 participants ( 26.1 % ) who were assigned to probiotics and 102 of 413 participants ( 24.7 % ) who were assigned to placebo ( odds ratio , 1.06 ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 0.77 to 1.46 ; P=0.72 ) . After adjustment for trial site , age , detection of rotavirus in stool , and frequency of diarrhea and vomiting before enrollment , trial‐group assignment did not predict moderate‐to‐severe gastroenteritis ( odds ratio , 1.06 ; 95 % CI , 0.76 to 1.49 ; P=0.74 ) . There were no significant differences between the probiotic group and the placebo group in the median duration of diarrhea ( 52.5 hours [ interquartile range , 18.3 to 95.8 ] and 55.5 hours [ interquartile range , 20.2 to 102.3 ] , respectively ; P=0.31 ) or vomiting ( 17.7 hours [ interquartile range , 0 to 58.6 ] and 18.7 hours [ interquartile range , 0 to 51.6 ] , P=0.18 ) , the percentages of participants with unscheduled visits to a health care provider ( 30.2 % and 26.6 % ; odds ratio , 1.19 ; 95 % CI , 0.87 to 1.62 ; P=0.27 ) , and the percentage of participants who reported an adverse event ( 34.8 % and 38.7 % ; odds ratio , 0.83 ; 95 % CI , 0.62 to 1.11 ; P=0.21 ) . Conclusions In children who presented to the emergency department with gastroenteritis , twice‐daily administration of a combined L. rhamnosus – L. helveticus probiotic did not prevent the development of moderate‐to‐severe gastroenteritis within 14 days after enrollment . ( Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others ; PROGUT Clinical Trials.gov number , NCT01853124 .
The results of this systematic review and meta‐ analysis suggest that probiotic and synbiotic supplementation may help to improve biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic patients .
Abstract The role of gut microbiota in the management of diabetes has been shown .
Several current trials are investigating the effect of probiotics and prebiotics , which are widely used to modulate intestinal microbiota , on inflammatory factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetic patients ; however , their findings are controversial .
The aim of the current meta‐ analysis was to evaluate the effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on levels of serum high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein ( hs‐CRP ) and biomarkers of oxidative stress in diabetic patients .