For studies of a similar design and which assessed the same outcomes in similar population groups , we report the potential for the combining of data across studies in systematic review s. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review has revealed the extensive evidence base for many outcomes which could be the focus of systematic review s exploring the health effects of conventional yogurt consumption
BACKGROUND The health effects of conventional yogurt have been investigated for over a century ; however , few systematic review s have been conducted to assess the extent of the health benefits of yogurt .
OBJECTIVE The aim of this scoping review was to assess the volume of available evidence on the health effects of conventional yogurt .
Dietary calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, dairy products and the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer among French women of the E3N‐EPIC prospective study
A protective effect of calcium and /or dairy products on  colorectal cancer  has been reported in epidemiological studies but the findings are considered inconsistent . In particular , it is unclear whether they act at a particular step of the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence . To investigate the effect of dairy product consumption and dietary calcium , vitamin D and phosphorus intake on the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence in the French E3N‐EPIC prospect i ve study . The population for the study of risk factors for adenomas was composed of 516 adenoma cases , including 175 high‐risk adenomas , and of 4,804 polyp‐free subjects confirmed by colonoscopy . The population for the colorectal cancer study was composed of 172 cases and 67,312 cancer‐free subjects .  Diet was assessed using a self‐administered question naire completed at baseline . There was a trend of decreasing risk of both adenoma ( ptrend= 0.04 ) and cancer ( ptrend=0.08 ) with increasing calcium intake , with RRs for adenoma and cancer of 0.80 ( IC 95%=0.62–1.03 ) and 0.72 ( 95 % CI=0.47–1.10 ) , respectively , in the fourth quartile compared to the first . A protective effect of dairy products on adenoma ( RRQ4 vs. Q1= 0.80 , 95 % CI=0.62‐1.05 , ptrend= 0.04 ) was observed and of milk consumption on colorectal cancer ( RRQ4vs . Q1= 0.54 , 95 % CI=0.33–0.89 , ptrend= 0.09 ) , although the latter did not reach significance . Phosphorus  intake also decreased the risk of adenoma ( RRQ4 vs. Q1=0.70 , 95 % CI=0.54–0.90 , ptrend= 0.005 ) .  No vitamin D effect was identified . Our data support the hypothesis that calcium , dairy products and phosphorus exert a protective effect at certain steps of the adenoma‐carcinoma sequence . © 2005 Wiley‐Liss ,
For studies of a similar design and which assessed the same outcomes in similar population groups , we report the potential for the combining of data across studies in systematic review s. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review has revealed the extensive evidence base for many outcomes which could be the focus of systematic review s exploring the health effects of conventional yogurt consumption
BACKGROUND The health effects of conventional yogurt have been investigated for over a century ; however , few systematic review s have been conducted to assess the extent of the health benefits of yogurt .
OBJECTIVE The aim of this scoping review was to assess the volume of available evidence on the health effects of conventional yogurt .