We found no evidence to support a protective association between perinatal use of probiotics and doctor diagnosed asthma or childhood wheeze .
R and omised controlled trials to date have not yielded sufficient evidence to recommend probiotics for the primary prevention of these disorders .
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy or infancy with  childhood asthma and wheeze .
Effect of Formula Composition on the Development of Infant Gut Microbiota
Objectives : Breast-feeding induces a gut microbiota rich in bifidobacteria , whereas formula-fed babies have a more diverse colonization . This ecosystem contributes to the development of the immune response and the lower incidence of diarrhea and allergy in breast-fed infants . This r and omized double-blind controlled trial aim ed to evaluate the bifidogenic effect of a mainly whey protein study formula low in phosphate and protein , allowing a composition closer to that of human milk . Patients and Methods : One hundred ninety healthy infants exclusively received study formula with or without Bifidobacterium longum ( BL999 ) , or a control formula for up to 4 months . Breast-fed infants served as a reference population . Stool sample s collected at 2 months of age were analyzed for bacterial counts ( log colony-forming unit [CFU]/g ) . Results : Bifidobacteria counts were significantly higher in infants receiving the study formula alone ( 10.0[0.8 ] , P < 0.0001 , median [ interquartile range ] ) or with BL999 ( 9.8[1.4 ] , P < 0.01 ) than control ( 9.2[3.5 ] ) , and were similar to breast-fed infants ( 10.1[0.4 ] , P > 0.05 ) . The difference between the 2 study groups was 0.16 log CFU/g ( 90 % confidence interval [ CI ] [ 0–0.4 ] ) , within the predefined equivalence margin . Microbiota profile , as a percentage of total bacteria counts , showed about 50 % Bifidobacteria , 8 % Enterobacteria , and < 10 % Clostridia in study formulae and breast-fed infants versus 22 % , 13 % , and 19 % in controls , respectively . There were no significant differences in growth measurements , digestive tolerance , and adverse events between groups . Conclusions : This study showed that infant formula closer resembling human milk was more bifidogenic than the control formula and led to a microbiota profile similar to that for breast-fed infants
We found no evidence to support a protective association between perinatal use of probiotics and doctor diagnosed asthma or childhood wheeze .
R and omised controlled trials to date have not yielded sufficient evidence to recommend probiotics for the primary prevention of these disorders .
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy or infancy with  childhood asthma and wheeze .