Serious adverse events were rare , and no serious events were reported to be directly related to the exercise programme .
This review provides evidence that PRT is an effective intervention for improving physical functioning in  older people , including improving strength and the performance of some simple and complex activities .
BACKGROUND Muscle weakness in old age is associated with physical function decline .
Progressive resistance strength training ( PRT ) exercises are design ed to increase strength .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of PRT on older people and identify adverse events .
Rehabilitation of reaching after stroke: task-related training versus progressive resistive exercise.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of 2 rehabilitative approaches for improving paretic limb reaching by chronic stroke subjects . DESIGN Pre- and posttest reaching to targets ipsilateral , midline , and contralateral to the impaired side . SETTING Training in subjects ' homes ; testing in a laboratory setting . PARTICIPANTS Twelve poststroke volunteers were matched using the Motor Assessment Scale ( MAS ) and then were r and omly assigned to 1 of 2 training conditions . Subjects were subsequently categorized as at a high or low functional level , using the reaching pretest movement time scores . INTERVENTIONS Training ( trunk unrestrained ) using the paretic limb was 4 weeks ( 12 sessions ) . Task-related training ( TRT ) involved reaching to objects placed across the workspace . Progressive resistive exercise ( PRE ) involved whole-arm pulling against resistive therapeutic tubing in planes and distances similar to that in TRT . Main outcome measures Kinematic analysis of arm trajectory and trunk motion using the Peak Performance System , as well as scores on the MAS and the Rivermead Motor Assessment ( RMA ) . RESULTS For low-level groups , TRT result ed in increased substitutive trunk use at the target ipsilateral to the moving arm , and for midline and contralateral targets after PRE . Only low-level , TRT subjects straightened h and paths , which suggested better coordination of elbow-shoulder motion , and improved on the RMA . High-level subjects decreased trunk use at ipsilateral target after PRE , which was not observed after TRT . No significant differences between training conditions were found for other kinematic variables . CONCLUSIONS Training benefits appear to depend on initial level of functioning . Although compensatory trunk use was evident , low-level subjects seemed to benefit most from TRT . High-level subjects , whose kinematics showed fairly normal movement organization , demonstrated less compensatory movement after PRE
Serious adverse events were rare , and no serious events were reported to be directly related to the exercise programme .
This review provides evidence that PRT is an effective intervention for improving physical functioning in  older people , including improving strength and the performance of some simple and complex activities .
BACKGROUND Muscle weakness in old age is associated with physical function decline .
Progressive resistance strength training ( PRT ) exercises are design ed to increase strength .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of PRT on older people and identify adverse events .