There is insufficient epidemiologic evidence to draw meaningful conclusions about ( i ) the existence of causal associations between specific occupational mechanical exposures and the development of inguinal hernia , and ( ii ) the influence of these exposures on prognosis after inguinal hernia repair with respect to hernia recurrence and persistent pain
OBJECTIVES The aim of this review was to evaluate the epidemiologic evidence for ( i ) a causal effect of occupational mechanical exposures on incidence of inguinal hernia , and ( ii ) a prognostic effect of such exposures on hernia recurrence and persistent pain after inguinal hernia repair .
Discomfort five years after laparoscopic and Shouldice inguinal hernia repair: a randomised trial with 867 patients. A report from the SMIL study group
Background In recent years long-term discomfort  after inguinal hernia surgery has become an issue of great concern to hernia surgeons . Long-term results on discomfort from large r and omised studies are sparse . Methods One-thous and one-hundred and eighty-three patients were r and omised in a multicentre trial with the primary aim of comparing recurrence rates after laparoscopic TAPP and Shouldice repair . Evaluating late discomfort and its possible risk factors were secondary objectives , and are reported here . The patients were clinical ly examined after 1 and 5 years , and answered question naires 2 and 3 years postoperation . Results Of 1,068 operated patients , 867 were eligible for analysis after 5 years ( 81.2 % ) . The percentage of patients experiencing discomfort of any kind were 8.5 % in the TAPP group and 11.4 % ( p = 0.156 ) in the Shouldice group . Although discomfort was usually mild it was severe for 0.2 and 0.7 % , respectively . Severe pain the first postoperative week was a risk factor for late discomfort in the Shouldice group ( OR 2.25 , P = 0.022 ) but not in the TAPP group . No other risk factor for late discomfort was found . Conclusion There was no difference between late discomfort at five-year follow-up after laparoscopic TAPP and Shouldice repair .  Discomfort was mostly mild and pain during the first postoperative week was a prognostic variable for late discomfort in Shouldice patients
There is insufficient epidemiologic evidence to draw meaningful conclusions about ( i ) the existence of causal associations between specific occupational mechanical exposures and the development of inguinal hernia , and ( ii ) the influence of these exposures on prognosis after inguinal hernia repair with respect to hernia recurrence and persistent pain
OBJECTIVES The aim of this review was to evaluate the epidemiologic evidence for ( i ) a causal effect of occupational mechanical exposures on incidence of inguinal hernia , and ( ii ) a prognostic effect of such exposures on hernia recurrence and persistent pain after inguinal hernia repair .