Because of the heterogeneity and the limited number of studies , there is no sufficient evidence on the potential role of vasomotor symptoms in metabolic health .
However , both high- quality cohort studies , with large study population s and adjustment for multiple confounding variables showed positive associations between vasomotor symptoms and insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus .
These findings suggest that there is an association between vasomotor symptoms and metabolic health outcomes .
The objective of this study was to systematic ally review studies describing the association between vasomotor symptoms and metabolic syndrome , type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in peri- and postmenopausal women .
Change in health-related quality of life over the menopausal transition in a multiethnic cohort of middle-aged women: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Objective : The aim of this study was to examine changes in health-related quality of life ( HRQL ) during the menopausal transition , controlling for chronological aging , symptoms , and other covariates . Methods : This was a prospect i ve , longitudinal study of women aged 42 to 52 years at baseline recruited at seven US sites ( N = 3,302 ) in the multiethnic Study of Women 's Health Across the Nation . Women eligible for the cohort had an intact uterus , had at least one ovary , were not currently using exogenous hormones , were either premenopausal or early perimenopausal , and were self-identified as one of the study 's design ated racial/ethnic groups . Data from the baseline interview and six annual follow-up visits are reported . HRQL was assessed with five subscales from the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey , with reduced functioning defined as being in the lowest 25 % on a subscale . Covariates included symptoms , medical conditions , sociodemographics variables , physical activity , and psychological factors . Results : With adjustment for baseline age , chronological aging , and relevant covariates , the odds of reduced role-physical functioning were significantly greater at late perimenopause ( odds ratio , 1.46 ; 95 % CI , 1.08 - 1.99 ) and postmenopause ( odds ratio , 1.49 ; 95 % CI , 1.09 - 2.04 ) compared with premenopause . Menopause status was unrelated to bodily pain , vitality , role-emotional , or social functioning .  Hormone therapy users were more likely to report reduced functioning . Other variables significantly related to HRQL across all domains included vasomotor symptoms , urine leakage , poor sleep , arthritis , depressed mood , perceived stress , and stressful life events . Conclusions : The menopausal transition showed little impact on HRQL when adjusted for symptoms , medical conditions , and stress
Because of the heterogeneity and the limited number of studies , there is no sufficient evidence on the potential role of vasomotor symptoms in metabolic health .
However , both high- quality cohort studies , with large study population s and adjustment for multiple confounding variables showed positive associations between vasomotor symptoms and insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus .
These findings suggest that there is an association between vasomotor symptoms and metabolic health outcomes .
The objective of this study was to systematic ally review studies describing the association between vasomotor symptoms and metabolic syndrome , type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in peri- and postmenopausal women .