However , aquatic exercise improved key predisposing physical fitness components that are modifiable and internal risk factors for falling .
Conclusions There is limited , low- quality evidence to support the use of aquatic exercise for improving physiological components that are risk factors for falling .
Background According to the World Health Organization , the elderly are at the highest risk of injury or death from a fall .
Age-related changes in strength , balance and flexibility are degenerative factors that may increase the risk of falling , and an aquatic training may offer a favourable environment to improve these modifiable risk factors .
Methods A systematic review was conducted to assess the potential preventative role of aquatic exercise for reducing the risk of falls in the elderly by improving predisposing risk factors .
Hip muscle and hand-grip strength to differentiate between older fallers and non-fallers: a cross-sectional validity study
Background Hip muscle weakness in older people seems to be an influencing factor of falls . Currently , it is unclear which muscles out of the hip muscle group play an important role in older people . A validating process in the measurement regarding muscle strength related to falls is necessary before answering that question . Objective Firstly , we aim ed to investigate which hip muscle group strength shows an acceptable level of distinction between older adult fallers and non-fallers compared to a predefined external criterion regarding falling . Secondly , we aim ed to compare the same outcomes and questions for h and -grip strength in relation to the same external criterion . Design This study was a cross-sectional validity study . Methods The  maximum voluntary isometric strength ( MVIS ) and the rate of force generation of hip abductors ( ABD ) , adductors , internal and external rotators , extensors , and flexors were measured with a dynamometer fixed to a custom-made frame as well as h and -grip strength with a Martin Vigorimeter in 60 older people aged over 65 years ( 38 females and 22 males ) . Results The area under the curve ( AUC ) and the results of the mean decrease in Gini index assessed by r and om forest approach show that of all the assessed parameters , hip ABD MVIS showed the highest discriminative value regarding the chosen external criterion in older people ( AUC ABD MVIS 0.825 , 95 % confidence interval : 0.712–0.938 ) . Conclusion Results indicate that ABD MVIS is a useful measure to distinguish between older adult fallers and non-fallers regarding the chosen external criterion
However , aquatic exercise improved key predisposing physical fitness components that are modifiable and internal risk factors for falling .
Conclusions There is limited , low- quality evidence to support the use of aquatic exercise for improving physiological components that are risk factors for falling .
Background According to the World Health Organization , the elderly are at the highest risk of injury or death from a fall .
Age-related changes in strength , balance and flexibility are degenerative factors that may increase the risk of falling , and an aquatic training may offer a favourable environment to improve these modifiable risk factors .
Methods A systematic review was conducted to assess the potential preventative role of aquatic exercise for reducing the risk of falls in the elderly by improving predisposing risk factors .