Results of systematic review s and meta-analyses of r and omized controlled trials have shown that both systemic estrogen therapy or hormone therapy ( estrogen combined with a progestin ) are useful to prevent bone loss , and they are the most effective treatment for such climacteric symptoms as hot flushes , sweating , vaginal dryness , and dyspareunia .
The combination of a SERM with estrogen as a tissue selective estrogen complex ( TSEC ) is a new strategy for the prevention of bone loss and the treatment of climacteric symptoms .
This combination is particularly interesting from a clinical point of view , taking into account that estrogen alone did not increase breast cancer risk by the Women 's Health Initiative .
TSEC is hypothesized to provide the benefits of estrogen-alone therapy , with an improved tolerability profile because the SERM component can make possible the elimination of progestin .
The conclusion is that effectively , the combination of bazedoxifene and conjugated estrogens may be a promising alternative to hormone therapy for the prevention of osteoporosis and the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms in non-hysterectomized postmenopausal women
Decreasing levels of estrogens during menopause are associated with reduced bone density and an increased risk of osteoporosis .
Many women also experience bothersome vasomotor and vaginal symptoms during the menopausal transition .
Unfortunately , estrogen therapy and hormone therapy increase the risk of endometrial and breast cancer , respectively .
The selective estrogen receptor modulators ( SERMs ) result in positive estrogenic effects on bone , with no negative effects on the endometrium and breast but do not provide relief from postmenopausal symptoms .
The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the evidence from the reports published to date on the use of bazedoxifene ( a third-generation SERM ) in combination with conjugated estrogens in postmenopausal women .
Relief of vasomotor symptoms and vaginal atrophy with lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens ( CEE ) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA ) for relieving  vasomotor symptoms and vaginal atrophy .  DESIGN A r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial ( the Women 's Health , Osteoporosis , Progestin , Estrogen study ) . SETTING Study centers across the United States . PATIENT(S ) Two thous and , six hundred , seventy-three healthy , postmenopausal women with an intact uterus , including an efficacy-evaluable population ( n = 241 at baseline ) . INTERVENTION(S ) Patients received for 1 year ( 13 cycles ; in milligrams per day ) CEE , 0.625 ; CEE , 0.625 and MPA , 2.5 ; CEE , 0.45 ; CEE , 0.45 and MPA , 2.5 ; CEE , 0.45 and MPA , 1.5 ; CEE , 0.3 ; CEE , 0.3 and MPA , 1.5 ; or placebo . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S ) Number and severity of hot flushes and Papanicolaou smear with vaginal maturation index ( VMI ) to assess vaginal atrophy . RESULT ( S ) In the efficacy-evaluable population , reduction in vasomotor symptoms was similar with CEE of 0.625 mg/d and MPA of 2.5 mg/d ( the most commonly prescribed doses ) and all lower combination doses . CEE of 0.625 mg/d alleviated hot flushes more effectively than the lower doses of CEE alone . VMI improved in all active treatment groups . CONCLUSION ( S ) Lower doses of CEE plus MPA relieve vasomotor symptoms and vaginal atrophy as effectively as commonly prescribed doses
Results of systematic review s and meta-analyses of r and omized controlled trials have shown that both systemic estrogen therapy or hormone therapy ( estrogen combined with a progestin ) are useful to prevent bone loss , and they are the most effective treatment for such climacteric symptoms as hot flushes , sweating , vaginal dryness , and dyspareunia .
The combination of a SERM with estrogen as a tissue selective estrogen complex ( TSEC ) is a new strategy for the prevention of bone loss and the treatment of climacteric symptoms .
This combination is particularly interesting from a clinical point of view , taking into account that estrogen alone did not increase breast cancer risk by the Women 's Health Initiative .
TSEC is hypothesized to provide the benefits of estrogen-alone therapy , with an improved tolerability profile because the SERM component can make possible the elimination of progestin .
The conclusion is that effectively , the combination of bazedoxifene and conjugated estrogens may be a promising alternative to hormone therapy for the prevention of osteoporosis and the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms in non-hysterectomized postmenopausal women
Decreasing levels of estrogens during menopause are associated with reduced bone density and an increased risk of osteoporosis .
Many women also experience bothersome vasomotor and vaginal symptoms during the menopausal transition .
Unfortunately , estrogen therapy and hormone therapy increase the risk of endometrial and breast cancer , respectively .
The selective estrogen receptor modulators ( SERMs ) result in positive estrogenic effects on bone , with no negative effects on the endometrium and breast but do not provide relief from postmenopausal symptoms .
The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the evidence from the reports published to date on the use of bazedoxifene ( a third-generation SERM ) in combination with conjugated estrogens in postmenopausal women .