The impact of TRA on global CVD risk as well as individual risk factors is ambiguous , but a tendency towards slight reduction of blood pressure , total cholesterol and smoking levels , especially in high risk patient groups was observed .
TRA had no influence on lifestyle behaviour .
Conclusions There is limited evidence , of low overall quality , suggesting a possible lack of effectiveness of TRA in reducing CVD events and mortality , as well as a clinical ly insignificant influence on individual risk factor levels .
Background Our objectives were to critically appraise and summarise the current evidence for the effectiveness of using cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk scoring ( total risk assessment - TRA ) in routine risk assessment in primary prevention of CVD compared with st and ard care with regards to patients outcomes , clinical risk factor levels , medication prescribing , and adverse effects .
EUROPEAN COLLABORATIVE TRIAL OF MULTIFACTORIAL PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Results are reported from a trial of multifactorial prevention of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) in occupational groups , involving r and omization of 66 factories to intervention and control ( 49,781 men ages 40 to 59 ) in the United Kingdom , Belgium , Italy , and Pol and . Net average reductions in the intervention factors were 1.2 % ( plasma cholesterol ) , 8.9 % ( daily cigarettes ) , 0.4 % ( weight ) , 2 % ( systolic blood pressure ) , and 11 % for a combined risk estimate . Reductions were larger in high-risk men ( 19 % for the combined estimate ) . Red blood cell fatty acid profiles were substantially changed . There was a net overall reduction of 7.4 % in fatal CHD and 2.7 % in total deaths . Benefits were larger in centers achieving larger risk factor reductions , and in one country -- Belgium -- the net decreases in CHD incidence and total deaths were significant at the 5 % level . Benefit was at least as great in men with established ECG abnormality . It is concluded that CHD risk in middle-aged men seems to be reducible by simple and cost-effective means
The impact of TRA on global CVD risk as well as individual risk factors is ambiguous , but a tendency towards slight reduction of blood pressure , total cholesterol and smoking levels , especially in high risk patient groups was observed .
TRA had no influence on lifestyle behaviour .
Conclusions There is limited evidence , of low overall quality , suggesting a possible lack of effectiveness of TRA in reducing CVD events and mortality , as well as a clinical ly insignificant influence on individual risk factor levels .
Background Our objectives were to critically appraise and summarise the current evidence for the effectiveness of using cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk scoring ( total risk assessment - TRA ) in routine risk assessment in primary prevention of CVD compared with st and ard care with regards to patients outcomes , clinical risk factor levels , medication prescribing , and adverse effects .