Significant heterogeneity was not observed by nut type or other factors .
Tree nut intake  lowers total cholesterol , LDL cholesterol , ApoB , and triglycerides .
The major determinant of cholesterol lowering appears to be nut dose rather than nut type .
BACKGROUND The effects of nuts on major cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors , including dose-responses and potential heterogeneity by nut type or phytosterol content , are not well established .
OBJECTIVES We examined the effects of tree nuts ( walnuts , pistachios , macadamia nuts , pecans , cashews , almonds , hazelnuts , and Brazil nuts ) on blood lipids [ total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein , and triglycerides ] , lipoproteins [ apolipoprotein A1 , apolipoprotein B ( ApoB ) , and apolipoprotein B100 ] , blood pressure , and inflammation ( C-reactive protein ) in adults aged ≥18 y without prevalent CVD .
Effect of almond-enriched high-monounsaturated fat diet on selected markers of inflammation: a randomised, controlled, crossover study.
Frequent consumption of nuts lowers the risk of CHD . While lowering blood lipids is one of the mechanisms for cardioprotection , the present study sought to determine whether monounsaturated fat-rich almonds also influence other CHD risk factors such as inflammation and haemostasis . This was a r and omised , controlled , crossover feeding study with twenty-five healthy adults ( eleven men ; fourteen women ) , age 22 - 53 years . Following a 2 week run-in phase ( 34 % energy from fat ) , subjects were assigned in r and om order to three diets for 4 weeks each : a heart-healthy control diet with no nuts ( < 30 % energy from fat ) , low-almond diet and high-almond diet ( 10 % or 20 % isoenergetic replacement of control diet with almonds , respectively ) . Serum E-selectin was significantly lower on the high-almond diet compared with the control diet . E-selectin decreased as the percentage of energy from almonds increased ( P < 0.0001 ) . C-reactive protein ( CRP ) was lower in both the almond diets compared with the control diet . A clear dose response was not observed for either E-selectin or CRP . There was no effect of diet on IL-6 or fibrinogen . Tissue plasminogen activator antigen was significantly lower on the control and high-almond diets compared with the low-almond diet , although the values were within normal range . In conclusion , consumption of almonds influenced a few but not all of the markers of inflammation and haemostasis . A clear dose response was not observed for any of the markers studied
Significant heterogeneity was not observed by nut type or other factors .
Tree nut intake  lowers total cholesterol , LDL cholesterol , ApoB , and triglycerides .
The major determinant of cholesterol lowering appears to be nut dose rather than nut type .
BACKGROUND The effects of nuts on major cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors , including dose-responses and potential heterogeneity by nut type or phytosterol content , are not well established .
OBJECTIVES We examined the effects of tree nuts ( walnuts , pistachios , macadamia nuts , pecans , cashews , almonds , hazelnuts , and Brazil nuts ) on blood lipids [ total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein , and triglycerides ] , lipoproteins [ apolipoprotein A1 , apolipoprotein B ( ApoB ) , and apolipoprotein B100 ] , blood pressure , and inflammation ( C-reactive protein ) in adults aged ≥18 y without prevalent CVD .