Specific recommendations for implantation of each prosthesis , taking into consideration the presence of pre-existent conduction abnormalities and anatomical factors , may be needed to reduce the risk of PPI
Aims The incidence of new-onset conduction abnormalities requiring permanent pacemaker implantation ( PPI ) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) with new-generation prostheses remains debated .
This systematic review analyses the incidence of PPI after TAVI  with new-generation devices and evaluates the electrical , anatomical , and procedural factors associated with PPI .
In addition , the incidence of PPI after  TAVI with early generation prostheses was review ed for comparison .
Pacemaker dependency after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the self-expanding Medtronic CoreValve System.
BACKGROUND / OBJECTIVES To determine pacemaker ( PM ) dependency at follow-up visit in patients who underwent new permanent pacemaker implantation ( PPI ) following transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) .  METHODS Single center prospect i ve observational study including 167 patients without previous PM implantation who underwent TAVI with the self-exp and ing Medtronic CoreValve System ( MCS ) between November 2005 and February 2011 . PM dependency was defined by the presence of a high degree atrioventricular block ( HDAVB ; second [ AV2 ] and third degree [ AV3B ] ) , or a slow ( < 30 bpm ) or absent ventricular escape rhythm during follow-up PM interrogation . RESULTS A total of 36 patients ( 21.6 % ) received a new PM following TAVI . The indication for PM was AV2B ( n=2 , 5.6 % ) , AV3B ( n=28 , 77.8 % ) , postoperative symptomatic bradycardia ( n=3 , 8.3 % ) , brady-tachy syndrome ( n=1 , 2.8 % ) , atrial fibrilation with slow response ( n=1 , 2.8 % ) and left bundle branch block ( n=1 , 2.8 % ) . Long term follow-up was complete for all patients and ranged from 1 to 40 months ( median ( IQR ) : 11.5 ( 5.0 - 18.0 months ) . Of those patients with a HDAVB , 16 out of the 30 patients ( 53.3 % ) were PM independent at follow-up visit ( complete or partial resolution of the AV conduction abnormality ) . Overall , 20 out of the 36 patients ( 55.6 % ) who received a new PM following TAVI were PM independent at follow-up . CONCLUSION Partial and even complete resolution of peri-operative AV conduction abnormalities after MCS valve implantation occurred in more than half of the patients
Specific recommendations for implantation of each prosthesis , taking into consideration the presence of pre-existent conduction abnormalities and anatomical factors , may be needed to reduce the risk of PPI
Aims The incidence of new-onset conduction abnormalities requiring permanent pacemaker implantation ( PPI ) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) with new-generation prostheses remains debated .
This systematic review analyses the incidence of PPI after TAVI  with new-generation devices and evaluates the electrical , anatomical , and procedural factors associated with PPI .
In addition , the incidence of PPI after  TAVI with early generation prostheses was review ed for comparison .