There was interaction by food source , with specific food sources showing beneficial effects ( fruit and fruit juice ) or harmful effects ( sweetened milk and mixed sources ) in substitution studies and harmful effects ( sugars‐sweetened beverages and fruit juice ) in addition studies on at least one outcome .
Conclusions Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose‐containing sugars on glycaemic control .
Although most food sources of these sugars ( especially fruit ) do not have a harmful effect in energy matched substitutions with other macronutrients , several food sources of fructose‐containing sugars ( especially sugars‐sweetened beverages ) adding excess energy to diets have harmful effects .
Objective To assess the effect of different food sources of fructose‐containing sugars  on glycaemic control at different levels of energy control .
Weight loss associated with a daily intake of three apples or three pears among overweight women.
OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of fruit intake on body weight change . METHODS Hypercholesterolemic , overweight ( body mass index > 25 kg/m2 ) , and non-smoking women , 30 to 50 y of age , were r and omized to receive , free of charge , one of three dietary supplements : apples , pears , or oat cookies . Women were instructed to eat one supplement three times a day in a total of six meals a day . Participants ( 411 women ) were recruited at a primary care center of the State University of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . Fifty-one women had fasting blood cholesterol levels greater than 6.2 mM/L ( 240 mg/dL ) and 49 were r and omized . Subjects were instructed by a dietitian to eat a diet ( 55 % of energy from carbohydrate , 15 % from protein , and 30 % from fat ) to encourage weight reduction at the rate of 1 kg/mo . RESULTS After 12 wk of follow-up , the fruit group lost 1.22 kg ( 95 % confidence interval = 0.44 - 1.85 ) , whereas the oat group had a non-significant weight loss of 0.88 kg ( 0.37 - 2.13 ) . The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P = 0.004 ) . To explore further the body weight loss associated with fruit intake , we measured the ratio of glucose to insulin . A significantly greater decrease of blood glucose was observed among those who had eaten fruits compared with those who had eaten oat cookies , but the glucose : insulin ratio was not statistically different from baseline to follow-up . Adherence to the diet was high , as indicated by changes in serum triacylglycerols , total cholesterol , and reported fruit intake . Fruit intake in the oat group throughout treatment was minimal . CONCLUSIONS Intake of fruits may contribute to weight loss
There was interaction by food source , with specific food sources showing beneficial effects ( fruit and fruit juice ) or harmful effects ( sweetened milk and mixed sources ) in substitution studies and harmful effects ( sugars‐sweetened beverages and fruit juice ) in addition studies on at least one outcome .
Conclusions Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose‐containing sugars on glycaemic control .
Although most food sources of these sugars ( especially fruit ) do not have a harmful effect in energy matched substitutions with other macronutrients , several food sources of fructose‐containing sugars ( especially sugars‐sweetened beverages ) adding excess energy to diets have harmful effects .
Objective To assess the effect of different food sources of fructose‐containing sugars  on glycaemic control at different levels of energy control .