Overall , intervention groups obtained higher 25(OH)D concentration than controls and there was obvious dose – response effect between intake dose and 25(OH)D concentration .
Baseline 25(OH)D concentration and age were significant indicators for 25(OH)D concentration .
Conclusions Regional- and age-specific recommended dosages of VitD supplements for population to achieve optimal 25(OH)D concentrations have been suggested
Background / Objectives Optimal doses of vitamin D ( VitD ) supplement in different population s are unclear .
We aim to evaluate the relationship between VitD supplementation and post-intervention serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [ 25(OH)D ] concentration , to provide a recommended dosage of VitD for achieving an optimal 25(OH)D concentration for different population s .
Increased vitamin D intake differentiated according to skin color is needed to meet requirements in young Swedish children during winter: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.
Background : Dark skin and low exposure to sunlight increase the risk of vitamin D insufficiency in children . Objective : The aim of the study was to evaluate the amount of vitamin D needed to ascertain that most children > 4 y of age attain sufficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [ S-25(OH)D ; i.e. , ≥50 nmol/L ] during winter regardless of latitude and skin color . Design : In a longitudinal , double-blind , r and omized , food-based intervention study , 5- to 7-y-old children from northern ( 63 ° N ) and southern ( 55 ° N ) Sweden with fair ( n = 108 ) and dark ( n = 98 ) skin were included . Children , stratified by skin color by using Fitzpatrick 's definition , were r and omly assigned to receive milk-based vitamin D3 supplements that provided 2 ( placebo ) , 10 , or 25 μg/d during 3 winter months . Results : Mean daily vitamin D intake increased from 6 to 17 μg and 26 μg in the intervention groups supplemented with 10 and 25 μg , respectively . In the intention-to-treat analysis , 90.2 % ( 95 % CI : 81.1 % , 99.3 % ) of fair-skinned children r and omly assigned to supplementation of 10 μg/d attained sufficient concentrations , whereas 25 μg/d was needed in dark-skinned children to reach sufficiency in 95.1 % ( 95 % CI : 88.5 % , 100 % ) . In children adherent to the study product , 97 % ( 95 % CI : 91.3 % , 100 % ) and 87.9 % ( 95 % CI : 76.8 % , 99 % ) of fair- and dark-skinned children , respectively , achieved sufficient concentrations if supplemented with 10 μg/d . By using 95 % prediction intervals for 30 and 50 nmol S-25(OH)D/L , intakes of 6 and 20 μg/d are required in fair-skinned children , whereas 14 and 28 μg/d are required in children with dark skin . Conclusion : Children with fair and dark skin require vitamin D intakes of 20 and 28 μg/d , respectively , to maintain S-25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L , whereas intakes of 6 and 14 μg/d , respectively , are required to maintain concentrations ≥30 nmol/L during winter . This trial was registered at clinical trials.gov as NCT01741324
Overall , intervention groups obtained higher 25(OH)D concentration than controls and there was obvious dose – response effect between intake dose and 25(OH)D concentration .
Baseline 25(OH)D concentration and age were significant indicators for 25(OH)D concentration .
Conclusions Regional- and age-specific recommended dosages of VitD supplements for population to achieve optimal 25(OH)D concentrations have been suggested
Background / Objectives Optimal doses of vitamin D ( VitD ) supplement in different population s are unclear .
We aim to evaluate the relationship between VitD supplementation and post-intervention serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [ 25(OH)D ] concentration , to provide a recommended dosage of VitD for achieving an optimal 25(OH)D concentration for different population s .