Conclusion : Cocoa/DC supplementation does not reduce anthropometric measures significantly .
However subgroup analysis regarding dose ( ≥ 30 g/day ) and duration ( between 4 to 8 weeks ) revealed significant reduction of body weight and BMI
ABSTRACT Background : Cocoa and dark chocolate ( DC ) have been reported to be effective for health promotion ; however the exact effect of cocoa/DC on anthropometric measures have not been yet defined .
Natural antioxidant ice cream acutely reduces oxidative stress and improves vascular function and physical performance in healthy individuals.
OBJECTIVE The formation of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of several diseases . Polyphenols have been shown to be beneficial against ROS . The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a natural antioxidant ice cream on oxidative stress , vascular function , and physical performance . METHODS In this controlled , single-blind , crossover study , 14 healthy individuals were r and omized to consume 100 g of either antioxidant ice cream containing dark cocoa powder and hazelnut and green tea extracts or milk chocolate ice cream ( control ice cream ) . Participants were studied at baseline and 2 h after ingesting ice cream . Serum polyphenols , antioxidant status ( ferric-reducing ability of plasma [ FRAP ] ) , nitric oxide ( NOx ) bioavailability , markers of oxidative stress ( determination of reactive oxygen metabolites [ d-ROMs ] and hydrogen peroxide [ H2O2 ] ) , endothelium function ( flow-mediated dilation [ FMD ] and reactive hyperemia index [ RHI ] ) , and exercise tolerance ( stress test ) were assessed , and the double product was measured . RESULTS Serum polyphenols ( P < 0.001 ) , NOx ( P < 0.001 ) , FRAP ( P < 0.005 ) , FMD ( P < 0.001 ) , and RHI ( P < 0.05 ) increased significantly , oxidative stress decreased ( d-Roms , P < 0.001 ; H2O2 , P < 0.001 ) , and the double product ( P < 0.001 ) was improved only after antioxidant ice cream ingestion . No changes were found after control ice cream ingestion . CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge , this is the first study to demonstrate that a natural ice cream rich in polyphenols acutely improved vascular function and physical performance in healthy individuals through a reduction in oxidative stress
Conclusion : Cocoa/DC supplementation does not reduce anthropometric measures significantly .
However subgroup analysis regarding dose ( ≥ 30 g/day ) and duration ( between 4 to 8 weeks ) revealed significant reduction of body weight and BMI
ABSTRACT Background : Cocoa and dark chocolate ( DC ) have been reported to be effective for health promotion ; however the exact effect of cocoa/DC on anthropometric measures have not been yet defined .