Data from these sources do not support linkages between sugar consumption at normal levels within the human diet and various adverse metabolic and health-related effects
Abstract The relationship between sugar consumption and various health-related sequelas is controversial .
Some investigators have argued that excessive sugar consumption is associated with increased risk of obesity , coronary heart disease , diabetes ( T2D ) , metabolic syndrome , non-alcoholic fatty liver disease , and stimulation of reward pathways in the brain potentially causing excessive caloric consumption .
These concerns have influenced organizations such as the World Health Organization , the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition in Engl and not to exceed 5 % of total energy and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee 2015 to recommend upper limits of sugar consumption not to exceed 10 % of calories .
Data from many r and omized control trials ( RCTs ) do not support linkages between sugar consumption at normal levels within the human diet and various adverse metabolic and health-related effects .
Fructose and glucose are typically consumed together in roughly equal proportions from high-fructose corn syrup ( also known as isoglucose in Europe ) or sucrose .
The purpose of this review is to present data from recent RCTs and findings from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses related to sugar consumption and its putative health effects .
This review evaluates findings from recent r and omized controlled trials , systematic review s and meta-analyses into the relationship of sugar consumption and a range of health-related issues including energy-regulating hormones , obesity , cardiovascular disease , diabetes , and accumulation of liver fat and neurologic responses .
No Effect of Added Sugar Consumed at Median American Intake Level on Glucose Tolerance or Insulin Resistance
Excess sugar consumption may promote adverse changes in  hepatic and total body insulin resistance .  Debate continues over the effects of sugars at more typically consumed levels and whether the identity of the sugar consumed is important . In the present study participants ( 20–60 years old ) were r and omly assigned to one of five groups , three that consumed low fat milk with added fructose containing sugars in amounts equivalent to the 50th percentile of fructose consumption ( US ) , one which consumed low-fat milk sweetened with glucose , and one unsweetened low-fat milk control group . The intervention lasted ten weeks . In the entire study population there was less than 1 kg increase in weight ( 73.6 ± 13.0 vs. 74.5 ± 13.3 kg , p < 0.001 ) , but the change in weight was comparable among groups ( p > 0.05 ) . There were no changes in fasting glucose ( 49 ± 0.4 vs. 5.0 ± 0.5 mmol/L ) , insulin ( 56.9 ± 38.9 vs. 61.8 ± 50.0 pmol/L ) , or insulin resistance , as measured by the Homeostasis Model Assessment method ( 1.8 ± 1.3 vs. 2.0 ± 1.5 , all p > 0.05 ) . These data suggest that added sugar consumed at the median American intake level does not produce changes in measures of insulin sensitivity or glucose tolerance and that no sugar has more deleterious effects than others
Data from these sources do not support linkages between sugar consumption at normal levels within the human diet and various adverse metabolic and health-related effects
Abstract The relationship between sugar consumption and various health-related sequelas is controversial .
Some investigators have argued that excessive sugar consumption is associated with increased risk of obesity , coronary heart disease , diabetes ( T2D ) , metabolic syndrome , non-alcoholic fatty liver disease , and stimulation of reward pathways in the brain potentially causing excessive caloric consumption .
These concerns have influenced organizations such as the World Health Organization , the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition in Engl and not to exceed 5 % of total energy and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee 2015 to recommend upper limits of sugar consumption not to exceed 10 % of calories .
Data from many r and omized control trials ( RCTs ) do not support linkages between sugar consumption at normal levels within the human diet and various adverse metabolic and health-related effects .
Fructose and glucose are typically consumed together in roughly equal proportions from high-fructose corn syrup ( also known as isoglucose in Europe ) or sucrose .
The purpose of this review is to present data from recent RCTs and findings from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses related to sugar consumption and its putative health effects .
This review evaluates findings from recent r and omized controlled trials , systematic review s and meta-analyses into the relationship of sugar consumption and a range of health-related issues including energy-regulating hormones , obesity , cardiovascular disease , diabetes , and accumulation of liver fat and neurologic responses .