This review article provides an overview on the published clinical risk scores related to outcomes of rhythm control strategy or AF progression
Patients with atrial fibrillation ( AF ) are commonly managed with rhythm control strategy , but the natural history of this common arrhythmia leads itself to progression from paroxysmal to persistent or permanent AF , and recurrences are evident despite rhythm control treatments using cardioversion or catheter ablation .
Numerous clinical factors have been associated with outcomes of rhythm control or arrhythmia progression in patients with AF .
The more common factors have been used to formulate risk stratification scores , to help predict the outcomes of rhythm control treatments  or AF progression .
Does a blanking period after pulmonary vein isolation impact long-term results? Results after 55 months of follow-up.
BACKGROUND The aims of the study are 1 ) to assess antiarrhythmic prophylaxis efficacy during the first 2 months after  radiofrequency ablation ( ARF ) due to AF ; 2 ) to define risk factors for early AF recurrence ( EAFR ) after ARF ; 3 ) to determine the long-term follow-up results and risk factors for late AF recurrence ( LAFR ) . METHODS A total number of 210 consecutive patients who had undergone ARF due to AF were analyzed . Patients were r and omized into three groups : Group 1 ( G1 ) , without any anti-arrhythmic drug ( AAD ) ; Group 2 ( G2 ) , with amiodarone or sotalol ; Group 3 ( G3 ) , with last ineffective AAD . The study was design ed to analyze two periods : short-term observation , the first 2 months after ARF ; and at least 2 years of long-term follow-up . RESULTS After 2 months , clinical data were collected from 171 patients ( 123 males , mean age of 50.3 years ; persistent AF in 19.8 % ; lone AF in 36.6 % ) .  Sinus rhythm ( SR ) was maintained in 84 ( 49.1 % ) patients ; 35 ( 20.4 % ) patients presented with a single episode of AF , 39 ( 23 % ) patients experienced a reduction in number of AF episodes , and 13 ( 7.5 % ) patients showed no improvement . No predisposing factor for early recurrence was found . After a mean follow-up of 55 months , clinical data were collected in 137 patients , of which 47 ( 34 % ) maintained SR . Those more likely to sustain SR were : males ( 82.9 % vs. 62.2 % ; p = 0.018 ) , younger patients ( 44.8 ± 12.7 vs. 52.5 ± 9.9 ; p = 0.0001 ) , patients with smaller left atrium diameter ( 4.05 ± ± 0.49 cm vs. 4.25 ± 0.51 cm ; p = 0.04 ) , and those without any AF recurrence during the first 2 months after ARF ( 78.7 % vs. 35.6 % ; p < 0.0001 ) . In the multivariable analysis , the independent risk factors for LAFR were hypertension ( p < 0.001 ) and persistent AF ( p = 0.014 ) . CONCLUSIONS Antiarrhythmic prophylaxis does not affect the number of AF recurrences during the first 2 months after ablation . SR maintenance during a blanking period after AF ablation is a positive prognostic factor in long-term follow-up . Persistent AF and hypertension are independent risk factors for late AF recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation
This review article provides an overview on the published clinical risk scores related to outcomes of rhythm control strategy or AF progression
Patients with atrial fibrillation ( AF ) are commonly managed with rhythm control strategy , but the natural history of this common arrhythmia leads itself to progression from paroxysmal to persistent or permanent AF , and recurrences are evident despite rhythm control treatments using cardioversion or catheter ablation .
Numerous clinical factors have been associated with outcomes of rhythm control or arrhythmia progression in patients with AF .
The more common factors have been used to formulate risk stratification scores , to help predict the outcomes of rhythm control treatments  or AF progression .