Conclusion : These data suggest that sedentary behavior is not associated with changes in cognitive performance in interventions that intend to reduce sedentary behavior .
Background : It is now well-established that sedentarity has a negative impact on the physiological functioning and health of humans , whereas very little is known about the psychological repercussions , especially in cognitive functioning .
Yet , study ing the cognitive effects of the sedentary lifestyle is particularly relevant in the short term for productivity and in the long term for cognitive health ( accelerated aging ) .
This systematic review therefore aims to make an inventory of the potential cognitive effects of sedentarity at the workplace .
Methods : Pubmed , PsycINFO , Cochrane , Web of Science , and Scopus were search ed for English- language peer- review ed articles published between January 1 , 2000 and December 31 , 2017 to identify studies including sedentary behavior  and objective measures from cognitive domains ( cognitive inhibition , cognitive flexibility , working memory , etc . ) .
Replacing sedentary time with sleep, light, or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: effects on self-regulation and executive functioning
Abstract Recent attention has highlighted the importance of reducing sedentary time for maintaining health and quality of life . However , it is unclear how changing sedentary behavior may influence executive functions and self-regulatory strategy use , which are vital for the long-term maintenance of a health behavior regimen . The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to examine the estimated self-regulatory and executive functioning effects of substituting 30 min of sedentary behavior with 30 min of light activity , moderate-to-vigorous physical activity ( MVPA ) , or sleep in a sample of older adults . This study reports baseline data collected from low-active healthy older adults ( N = 247 , mean age 65.4 ± 4.6 years ) recruited to participate in a 6 month r and omized controlled exercise trial examining the effects of various modes of exercise on brain health and function . Each participant completed assessment s of  physical activity self-regulatory strategy use ( i.e. ,  self-monitoring , goal - setting , social support , reinforcement , time management , and relapse prevention )  and executive functioning . Physical activity and sedentary behaviors  were measured using accelerometers during waking hours for seven consecutive days at each time point . Isotemporal substitution analyses were conducted to examine the effect on self-regulation and executive functioning should an individual substitute sedentary time with light activity , MVPA , or sleep . The substitution of sedentary time with both sleep and MVPA influenced both self-regulatory strategy use and executive functioning . Sleep was associated with greater self-monitoring ( B = .23 , p = .02 ) , goal - setting ( B = .32 , p < .01 ) , and social support ( B = .18 , p = .01 ) behaviors . Substitution of sedentary time with MVPA was associated with higher accuracy on 2-item ( B = .03 , p = .01 ) and 3-item ( B = .02 , p = .04 ) spatial working memory tasks , and with faster reaction times on single ( B = −23.12 , p = .03 ) and mixed-repeated task-switching blocks ( B = −27.06 , p = .04 ) . Substitution of  sedentary  time with sleep was associated with marginally faster reaction time on mixed-repeated task-switching blocks ( B = −12.20 , p = .07 ) and faster reaction time on mixed-switch blocks ( B = 17.21 , p = .05 ) , as well as reduced global reaction time switch cost ( B = −16.86 , p = .01 ) . Substitution for light intensity physical activity did not produce significant effects . By replacing sedentary time with sleep and MVPA , individuals may bolster several important domains of self-regulatory behavior and executive functioning . This has important implication s for the design of long-lasting health behavior interventions . Trial Registration clinical trials.gov identifier NCT00438347
Conclusion : These data suggest that sedentary behavior is not associated with changes in cognitive performance in interventions that intend to reduce sedentary behavior .
Background : It is now well-established that sedentarity has a negative impact on the physiological functioning and health of humans , whereas very little is known about the psychological repercussions , especially in cognitive functioning .
Yet , study ing the cognitive effects of the sedentary lifestyle is particularly relevant in the short term for productivity and in the long term for cognitive health ( accelerated aging ) .
This systematic review therefore aims to make an inventory of the potential cognitive effects of sedentarity at the workplace .
Methods : Pubmed , PsycINFO , Cochrane , Web of Science , and Scopus were search ed for English- language peer- review ed articles published between January 1 , 2000 and December 31 , 2017 to identify studies including sedentary behavior  and objective measures from cognitive domains ( cognitive inhibition , cognitive flexibility , working memory , etc . ) .