Key recommendations support use of  opioid-sparing perioperative medications  , minimal preoperative fasting and early feeding , use of anesthetic techniques that decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting and pain , use of measures to prevent intraoperative hypothermia , and support of early mobilization after surgery .
Background : Enhanced recovery following surgery can be achieved through the introduction of evidence -based perioperative maneuvers .
This review aims to present a consensus for optimal perioperative management of patients undergoing breast reconstructive surgery  and to provide evidence -based recommendations for an enhanced perioperative protocol .
Early rehabilitation after surgery improves functional outcome in inpatients with brain tumours
Clinical experience suggests that application of the fundamental principles of rehabilitation medicine can improve the care of patients with cancer . Despite the high incidence of neurological and functional deficits in patients affected by brain tumours ( BTs ) , rehabilitation treatment of this population is not as well established as it is for patients with other neurological conditions . To assess functional outcome in brain tumour in patients who underwent early rehabilitation after surgery . 75 patients who had undergone neurosurgery for primary BTs and 75 patients affected by stroke were enrolled in a case-control study . All patients were evaluated by means of a core set of clinical scales ( Functional Independence Measure , Sitting Balance score , St and ing Balance score , Hauser Index , Massachusetts General Hospital Functional Ambulation Classification ) . Patients were evaluated before the beginning ( T0 ) and at the end ( T1 ) of rehabilitation treatment . The neurorehabilitation programme consisted of individual 60-min sessions of treatment , administered once a day , six days a week , for four consecutive weeks . Speech therapy was included when aphasia was diagnosed . All the measures of outcome were indicative of substantial improvements for neuro-oncological and for stroke patients ( P = 0.000 ) . Analysis of subgroups showed that patients affected by meningioma achieved better results ( in efficiency terms ) as regards independence in activities of daily living ( P = 0.02 ) and mobility ( P = 0.04 ) compared with patients affected by glioblastoma or stroke . Rehabilitation after surgery can improve functional outcome , justifying the delivery of rehabilitation services , even during the acute phase , to BTs in patients , irrespective of tumour type
Key recommendations support use of  opioid-sparing perioperative medications  , minimal preoperative fasting and early feeding , use of anesthetic techniques that decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting and pain , use of measures to prevent intraoperative hypothermia , and support of early mobilization after surgery .
Background : Enhanced recovery following surgery can be achieved through the introduction of evidence -based perioperative maneuvers .
This review aims to present a consensus for optimal perioperative management of patients undergoing breast reconstructive surgery  and to provide evidence -based recommendations for an enhanced perioperative protocol .