Conclusions Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines including , hs-CRP , TNF-a , IL-6 , IL-12 , and IL-4 , but it did not influence IL-1B , IL-8 , IFN-g , and IL-17 concentrations .
A significant increase in serum concentrations of IL-10 , as a anti-inflammatory cytokine was also documented after probiotic supplementation
Purpose No study has summarized earlier findings on the effect of probiotic supplementation on  inflammatory biomarkers .
This systematic review and meta- analysis was conducted to systematic ally review the available placebo-controlled clinical trials about the effect of probiotic supplementation  on several inflammatory biomarkers in adults .
Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 Reduces Depression Scores and Alters Brain Activity: A Pilot Study in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
BACKGROUND & AIMS Probiotics can reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) , but little is known about their effects on psychiatric comorbidities . We performed a prospect i ve study to evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 ( BL ) on anxiety and depression in patients with IBS . METHODS We performed a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study of 44 adults with IBS and diarrhea or a mixed-stool pattern ( based on Rome III criteria ) and mild to moderate anxiety and /or depression ( based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale ) at McMaster University in Canada , from March 2011 to May 2014 . At the screening visit , clinical history and symptoms were assessed and blood sample s were collected . Patients were then r and omly assigned to groups and given daily BL ( n = 22 ) or placebo ( n = 22 ) for 6 weeks . At weeks 0 , 6 , and 10 , we determined patients ' levels of anxiety and depression , IBS symptoms , quality of life , and somatization using vali date d question naires . At weeks 0 and 6 , stool , urine and blood sample s were collected , and functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) test was performed . We assessed brain activation patterns , fecal microbiota , urine metabolome profiles , serum markers of inflammation , neurotransmitters , and neurotrophin levels . RESULTS At week 6 , 14 of 22 patients in the BL group had reduction in depression scores of 2 points or more on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale , vs 7 of 22 patients in the placebo group ( P = .04 ) . BL had no significant effect on anxiety or IBS symptoms . Patients in the BL group had a mean increase in quality of life score compared with the placebo group . The fMRI analysis showed that BL reduced responses to negative emotional stimuli in multiple brain areas , including amygdala and fronto-limbic regions , compared with placebo . The groups had similar fecal microbiota profiles , serum markers of inflammation , and levels of neurotrophins and neurotransmitters , but the BL group had reduced urine levels of methylamines and aromatic amino acids metabolites . At week 10 , depression scores were reduced in patients given BL vs placebo . CONCLUSION In a placebo-controlled trial , we found that the probiotic BL reduces depression but not anxiety scores and increases quality of life in patients with IBS . These improvements were associated with changes in brain activation patterns that indicate that this probiotic reduces limbic reactivity . Clinical Trials.gov no. NCT01276626
Conclusions Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines including , hs-CRP , TNF-a , IL-6 , IL-12 , and IL-4 , but it did not influence IL-1B , IL-8 , IFN-g , and IL-17 concentrations .
A significant increase in serum concentrations of IL-10 , as a anti-inflammatory cytokine was also documented after probiotic supplementation
Purpose No study has summarized earlier findings on the effect of probiotic supplementation on  inflammatory biomarkers .
This systematic review and meta- analysis was conducted to systematic ally review the available placebo-controlled clinical trials about the effect of probiotic supplementation  on several inflammatory biomarkers in adults .