Comparison of PO diets with diets rich in stearic acid , monounsaturated fatty acids ( MUFAs ) , and polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) showed significantly higher TC , LDL cholesterol , apolipoprotein B , HDL cholesterol , and apolipoprotein A-I , whereas most of the same biomarkers were significantly lower when compared with diets rich in myristic/lauric acid .
Comparison of PO-rich diets with diets rich in trans fatty acids showed significantly higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I and significantly lower apolipoprotein B , triacylglycerols , and TC/HDL cholesterol .
Stratified and meta-regression analyses showed that the higher concentrations of TC and LDL cholesterol , when PO was substituted for MUFAs and PUFAs , were not significant in young people and in subjects with diets with a lower percentage of energy from fat .
Both favorable and unfavorable changes in CHD/CVD risk markers occurred when PO was substituted for the primary dietary fats , whereas only favorable changes occurred when PO was substituted for trans fatty acids .
BACKGROUND Palm oil ( PO ) may be an unhealthy fat because of its high saturated fatty acid content .
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of substituting PO for other primary dietary fats on blood lipid-related markers of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .
Fatty acid saturation of the diet and plasma lipid concentrations, lipoprotein particle concentrations, and cholesterol efflux capacity.
BACKGROUND The fatty acid content and saturation degree of the diet can modulate HDL composition and cholesterol efflux . OBJECTIVE We studied the modifications in plasma lipoprotein particles and serum capacity to stimulate cholesterol efflux induced by different fatty acids . DESIGN Seventeen women and 24 men followed in the same sequence 4 diets containing 35 % of total energy as fat . The saturated fat diet contained 17 % palm oil ; the monounsaturated fat diet , 20.9 % olive oil ; the n-6 polyunsaturated fat diet , 12.5 % sunflower oil ; and the n-3 polyunsaturated fat diet , sunflower oil supplemented with 4 - 4.5 g fish oil/d . Each phase lasted 4 - 5 wk . RESULTS In both sexes , apolipoprotein ( apo ) A-I concentrations were significantly lower with unsaturated fat diets than with the saturated fat diet , but concentrations of lipoproteins containing only apo A-I ( Lp A-I ) were lower only in the men . Concentrations of lipoproteins containing both apo A-I and apo A-II ( Lp A-I : A-II ) were lower with both polyunsaturated fat diets in the women but significantly higher in the men . Lp E concentrations were significantly higher with the 2 polyunsaturated fat diets . Lp E non-B particle concentrations were not modified in the men but were significantly higher in the women in both polyunsaturated fat phases . Lp C-III concentrations were higher with the saturated fat diet only in the men . The serum sample s taken after the n-3 polyunsaturated fat phase were the most efficient for extracting cellular cholesterol in both sexes . CONCLUSIONS The monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat diets were healthier , producing a better lipid profile . The n-3 polyunsaturated fat diet increased the capacity of serum to promote the efflux of cholesterol from cells in culture
Comparison of PO diets with diets rich in stearic acid , monounsaturated fatty acids ( MUFAs ) , and polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) showed significantly higher TC , LDL cholesterol , apolipoprotein B , HDL cholesterol , and apolipoprotein A-I , whereas most of the same biomarkers were significantly lower when compared with diets rich in myristic/lauric acid .
Comparison of PO-rich diets with diets rich in trans fatty acids showed significantly higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I and significantly lower apolipoprotein B , triacylglycerols , and TC/HDL cholesterol .
Stratified and meta-regression analyses showed that the higher concentrations of TC and LDL cholesterol , when PO was substituted for MUFAs and PUFAs , were not significant in young people and in subjects with diets with a lower percentage of energy from fat .
Both favorable and unfavorable changes in CHD/CVD risk markers occurred when PO was substituted for the primary dietary fats , whereas only favorable changes occurred when PO was substituted for trans fatty acids .
BACKGROUND Palm oil ( PO ) may be an unhealthy fat because of its high saturated fatty acid content .
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of substituting PO for other primary dietary fats on blood lipid-related markers of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .