Results show that various classes of antidepressants exert improving effects on cognitive function across several cognitive domains .
Specifically , studies suggest that SSRIs , the SSRE tianeptine , the SNRI duloxetine , vortioxetine and other antidepressants such as bupropion and moclobemide may exert certain improving effects on cognitive function in depression , such as in learning and memory and executive function .
The few non-pharmacological studies conducted employing cognitive orientated treatments and cognitive remediation therapy show promising results for the improvement of cognitive impairment in depression .
Cognitive dysfunction is of clinical significance and exerts longst and ing implication on patients ׳ function .
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of cognitive dysfunction are emerging .
This review evaluates pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of cognitive impairment primarily in the domains of memory , attention , processing speed and executive function in clinical depression .
Improvement of working but not declarative memory is correlated with HPA normalization during antidepressant treatment.
Previous research demonstrated that depression is associated with hyperactivity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical ( HPA ) system after stimulation . There is also strong evidence that the modulation of corticosteroids in the brain induces memory dysfunction which represents core features of depression . Antidepressant treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) alleviates both dysfunctions . Thus , these previous observations propose a correlation between treatment induced changes of the endocrinological response of the HPA system to challenge with dexamethasone and CRH and changes of memory functions during antidepressant treatment . This study explores the relationship between depression , memory functions and the responsiveness of the HPA system as assessed by the combined DEX/CRH test during antidepressant treatment in n = 64 patients with major depression during a four weeks treatment with citalopram .  We found that treatment induced changes of the cortisol response pattern in the DEX/CRH test were correlated with improvement of working memory but not so with episodic memory , sustained attention or global severity of depression . We suggest that improvement of working memory is more sensitive to the changes of hormones of the HPA system ( e.g. cortisol ) than other cognitive functions and the global severity of depression
Results show that various classes of antidepressants exert improving effects on cognitive function across several cognitive domains .
Specifically , studies suggest that SSRIs , the SSRE tianeptine , the SNRI duloxetine , vortioxetine and other antidepressants such as bupropion and moclobemide may exert certain improving effects on cognitive function in depression , such as in learning and memory and executive function .
The few non-pharmacological studies conducted employing cognitive orientated treatments and cognitive remediation therapy show promising results for the improvement of cognitive impairment in depression .
Cognitive dysfunction is of clinical significance and exerts longst and ing implication on patients ׳ function .
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of cognitive dysfunction are emerging .
This review evaluates pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of cognitive impairment primarily in the domains of memory , attention , processing speed and executive function in clinical depression .