Results reveal no significant difference between the groups , with respect to BMI , while PA and DIET yielded a greater reduction in HbA1c .
Significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic pressures in the DIET group , and diastolic pressure in the PA group , was observed .
HDL-c in the DIET group was significantly higher than the control group , while no change in LDL-c levels , was seen in all three intervention subtypes .
There was no difference between the EDU vs. the control group in terms of HbA1c , blood pressure or HDL-c and LDL-c .
CONCLUSION DIET intervention showed an improvement in HbA1c , systolic/diastolic blood pressure and HDL-c , with an exception of LDL-c and BMI , suggesting that nutritional intervention had a significant impact on the quality of life by reducing the cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients
BACKGROUND The current meta- analysis evaluated the outcomes of various lifestyle interventions , including diet modifications ( DIET ) , physical activity ( PA ) , and patient education ( EDU ) in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes .
Effects of a 12-month physical activity counselling intervention on glycaemic control and on the status of cardiovascular risk factors in people with Type 2 diabetes
Aims /hypothesisThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of physical activity counselling in promoting physical activity in people with Type 2 diabetes and to evaluate result ant physiological and biochemical effects . Methods A total of 70 inactive people with Type 2 diabetes were given st and ard exercise information and r and omised to receive physical activity counselling ( n=35 , experimental ) or not ( n=35 , control ) . Physical activity consultations were delivered at baseline and after 6 months , with follow-up phone calls after 1 , 3 , 6 and 9 months . Changes from baseline after 6 and 12 months were assessed for physical activity ( 7-day recall and accelerometer ) , for physiological characteristics ( body mass index and blood pressure ) and for biochemical variables ( HbA1c , lipid profile , fibrinogen , tissue plasminogen activator and microalbuminuria ) . Results Significant differences between groups were recorded for physical activity after 6 and 12 months ( p<0.01 ) . The experimental group had increased levels of physical activity from baseline to 6 months ( p<0.01 ) , with no decrease from 6 to 12 months ( p>0.05 ) . In the control group , accelerometer counts per week decreased from baseline to 12 months ( p=0.03 ) . Between-group differences ( p<0.05 ) were recorded for the change in HbA1c ( experimental : 0.26 % decrease ; control : 0.15 % increase ) , for systolic blood pressure ( experimental : 7.7 mm Hg decrease ; control : 5.6 mm Hg increase ) and for fibrinogen ( experimental : 0.28 mmol/l decrease ; control : 1.43 mmol/l increase ) from baseline to 6 months , and for total cholesterol ( experimental : 0.33 mmol/l decrease ; control : 0.04 mmol/l increase ) from baseline to 12 months ( p<0.05 ) . No significant differences were recorded in other measured variables . Conclusions /interpretationsPhysical activity counselling was effective in promoting physical activity in people with Type 2 diabetes . The counselling improved glycaemic control as well as the status of cardiovascular risk factors in these patients
Results reveal no significant difference between the groups , with respect to BMI , while PA and DIET yielded a greater reduction in HbA1c .
Significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic pressures in the DIET group , and diastolic pressure in the PA group , was observed .
HDL-c in the DIET group was significantly higher than the control group , while no change in LDL-c levels , was seen in all three intervention subtypes .
There was no difference between the EDU vs. the control group in terms of HbA1c , blood pressure or HDL-c and LDL-c .
CONCLUSION DIET intervention showed an improvement in HbA1c , systolic/diastolic blood pressure and HDL-c , with an exception of LDL-c and BMI , suggesting that nutritional intervention had a significant impact on the quality of life by reducing the cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients
BACKGROUND The current meta- analysis evaluated the outcomes of various lifestyle interventions , including diet modifications ( DIET ) , physical activity ( PA ) , and patient education ( EDU ) in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes .