Interventions such as supervised or individualised exercise therapy and self-management techniques may enhance exercise adherence .
BACKGROUND Chronic musculoskeletal pain ( CMP ) is a major health problem , accounting for approximately one-quarter of general practice ( GP ) consultations in the United Kingdom ( UK ) .
Exercise and physical activity is beneficial for the most common types of CMP , such as back and knee pain .
However , poor adherence to exercise and physical activity may limit long-term effectiveness .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to improve adherence to exercise and physical activity for people with chronic musculoskeletal pain .
The effects of high-intensity and low-intensity cycle ergometry in older adults with knee osteoarthritis.
BACKGROUND People with osteoarthritis ( OA ) of the knee experience pain and deconditioning that lead to disability . This study challenged the clinical belief that repetitive lower extremity exercise is not indicated in persons with knee OA . The effects of high-intensity and low-intensity stationary cycling on functional status , gait , overall and acute pain , and aerobic capacity were examined . METHODS Thirty-nine adults ( 71+/-6.9 years old ) with complaints of knee pain and diagnosis of OA were r and omized to either a high-intensity ( 70 % heart rate reserve [ HRR ] ) or low-intensity ( 40 % HRR ) exercise group for 10 weeks of stationary cycling . Participants cycled for 25 minutes , 3 times per week . Before and after the exercise intervention they completed the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale 2 for overall pain assessment , underwent timed chair rise , 6-minute walk test , gait , and  grade d exercise treadmill tests . Acute pain was reported daily with a visual analog scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scale . RESULTS Analysis of variance revealed that participants in both groups significantly improved in the timed chair rise , in the 6-minute walk test , in the range of walking speeds , in the amount of overall pain relief , and in aerobic capacity . No differences between groups were found . Daily pain reports suggested that cycling did not increase acute pain in either group . CONCLUSIONS Cycling may be considered as an alternative exercise modality for patients with knee OA .  Low-intensity cycling was as effective as high-intensity cycling in improving function and gait , decreasing pain , and increasing aerobic capacity
Interventions such as supervised or individualised exercise therapy and self-management techniques may enhance exercise adherence .
BACKGROUND Chronic musculoskeletal pain ( CMP ) is a major health problem , accounting for approximately one-quarter of general practice ( GP ) consultations in the United Kingdom ( UK ) .
Exercise and physical activity is beneficial for the most common types of CMP , such as back and knee pain .
However , poor adherence to exercise and physical activity may limit long-term effectiveness .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to improve adherence to exercise and physical activity for people with chronic musculoskeletal pain .