In frail older persons , moderate-to-large beneficial exercise effects were noted on inflammation , muscle strength and physical functioning .
In healthy older persons , effects of resistance training ( most frequently investigated ) on inflammation or muscle strength can be influenced by the exercise modalities ( intensity and rest interval between sets ) .
Muscle strength seemed the most frequently used outcome measure , with moderate-to-large effects obtained regardless the exercise intervention studied .
Similar effects were found in patients with specific diseases .
Summary Exercise has moderate-to-large effects on muscle strength , body composition , physical functioning and inflammation in older adults .
Purpose of review This systematic review reports the most recent literature regarding the effects of physical exercise on  muscle strength , body composition , physical functioning and inflammation in older adults .
A physical activity intervention to treat the frailty syndrome in older persons-results from the LIFE-P study.
BACKGROUND The frailty syndrome is as a well-established condition of risk for disability . Aim of the study is to explore whether a physical activity ( PA ) intervention can reduce prevalence and severity of frailty in a community-dwelling elders at risk of disability . METHODS Exploratory analyses from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders pilot , a r and omized controlled trial enrolling 424 community-dwelling persons ( mean age=76.8 years ) with sedentary lifestyle and at risk of mobility disability . Participants were r and omized to a 12-month PA intervention versus a successful aging education group . The frailty phenotype ( ie , ≥3 of the following defining criteria : involuntary weight loss , exhaustion , sedentary behavior , slow gait speed , poor h and grip strength ) was measured at baseline , 6 months , and 12 months . Repeated measures generalized linear models were conducted . RESULTS A significant ( p = .01 ) difference in frailty prevalence was observed at 12 months in the PA intervention group ( 10.0 % ; 95 % confidence interval = 6.5 % , 15.1 % ) , relative to the successful aging group ( 19.1 % ; 95 % confidence interval = 13.9%,15.6 % ) . Over follow-up , in comparison to successful aging participants , the mean number of frailty criteria in the PA group was notably reduced for younger subjects , blacks , participants with frailty , and those with multimorbidity . Among the frailty criteria , the sedentary behavior was the one most affected by the intervention . CONCLUSIONS Regular PA may reduce frailty , especially in individuals at higher risk of disability . Future studies should be aim ed at testing the possible benefits produced by multidomain interventions on frailty
In frail older persons , moderate-to-large beneficial exercise effects were noted on inflammation , muscle strength and physical functioning .
In healthy older persons , effects of resistance training ( most frequently investigated ) on inflammation or muscle strength can be influenced by the exercise modalities ( intensity and rest interval between sets ) .
Muscle strength seemed the most frequently used outcome measure , with moderate-to-large effects obtained regardless the exercise intervention studied .
Similar effects were found in patients with specific diseases .
Summary Exercise has moderate-to-large effects on muscle strength , body composition , physical functioning and inflammation in older adults .
Purpose of review This systematic review reports the most recent literature regarding the effects of physical exercise on  muscle strength , body composition , physical functioning and inflammation in older adults .