D and PA+D  interventions had larger effects on glucose reduction  than PA alone .
Lifestyle  interventions significantly improved FPG , HbA1c , FI , HOMA-IR , and bodyweight among adults without IGT or diabetes , and might reduce progression of hyperglycemia to type 2 diabetes mellitus
This study systematic ally assessed the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on glycemic indicators among adults ( ⩾18years ) without IGT or diabetes .
Long-term follow-up of participants in a health promotion program for treated hypertensives (ADAPT).
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Improvements in a lifestyle modification program for hypertensives were maintained 1 year later . Longer follow-up in such studies is limited ; we therefore re-assessed participants after an additional 2 years in which there was no contact with program facilitators . METHODS AND RESULTS Participants r and omised to usual care ( N=118 ) or a 4-month lifestyle program ( N=123 ) were previously assessed after 4 months and 1 year . After a further 2 years , diet , alcohol intake , physical activity , weight , waist girth , ambulatory blood pressure ( BP ) , blood lipids , glucose and insulin were measured ( usual care N=64 ; program N=76 ) . Statistically significant net changes , relative to usual care , included blood cholesterol ( -0.2 mmol/L , 95 % CI 0.1 - 0.4 ) ; physical activity ( 53 min/week , 95 % CI 15 - 91 ) ; dietary saturated fat ( -1.9 % energy , 95 % CI -0.1 to -3.8 ) ; fish ( 3.2 serves/month , 95 % CI 0.7 - 5.7 ) ; vegetables ( 9.1 serves/month , 95 % CI 3.2 - 15.1 ) ; and sweet foods ( -6.2 serves/month , 95 % CI -1.1 to -11.3 ) . Between-group changes in weight ( -0.7 kg , 95 % CI -1.8 - 0.4 ) , BP ( systolic 1.4 mmHg , 95 % CI -0.7 - 3.5)/diastolic 1.0 mmHg , 95 % CI -0.3 - 2.4 ) and Framingham risk ( usual care : men 12.1 % , women 3.7 % ; program : men 12.2 % ; women 3.5 % ) did not differ significantly . CONCLUSION Continued reinforcement with long-term follow-up is needed in lifestyle modification programs
D and PA+D  interventions had larger effects on glucose reduction  than PA alone .
Lifestyle  interventions significantly improved FPG , HbA1c , FI , HOMA-IR , and bodyweight among adults without IGT or diabetes , and might reduce progression of hyperglycemia to type 2 diabetes mellitus
This study systematic ally assessed the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on glycemic indicators among adults ( ⩾18years ) without IGT or diabetes .