In general , when given alongside gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in most diets compared to diets that gave gestational weight gain advice only .
However , fasting glucose increased in high unsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids diets .
In the absence of gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in DASH-style diets compared to st and ard of care .
Although most were non-significant , similar trends were observed for these same diets for the other glycemic outcomes .
/INTERPRETATION Alongside with gestational weight gain advice , most diets , with the exception of a high unsaturated or a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet , demonstrated a fasting glucose improvement compared with gestational weight gain advice only .
When gestational weight gain advice was not given , the DASH-style diet appeared optimal on fasting glucose .
However , a small number of trials were identified and most dietary comparisons were underpowered to detect differences in glycemic outcomes .
AIMS Evidence to support dietary modifications to improve glycemia during pregnancy is limited , and the benefits of diet beyond limiting gestational weight gain is unclear .
Therefore , a systematic review and network meta- analysis of r and omized trials was conducted to compare the effects of various common diets , stratified by the addition of gestational weight gain advice , on fasting glucose and insulin , hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) , and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) in pregnant women .
A comparison of the effectiveness, tolerability and safety of high and low carbohydrate diets in women with gestational diabetes.
INTRODUCTION Nutrition therapy is an integral part of the management of gestational diabetes mellitus ( GDM ) . Most women with GDM are treated by nutritional management alone . The goal of our study was to compare low and high carbohydrate diets in their effectiveness , safety and tolerability in women with GDM . MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of 30 Caucasian women newly diagnosed with GDM , with a mean age of 28.7 + /- 3.7 years and pregnancy duration of 29.2 + /- 5.4 weeks . The patients were r and omised into two groups : those on a low and those on a high carbohydrate diet ( 45 % vs. 65 % respectively of energy supply coming from carbohydrates ) . The presence of urine ketones was controlled every day . After two weeks daily glucose profiles and compliance with the recommended diets were analysed . RESULTS Glucose concentration before implementation of the diet regimen did not differ between groups . No changes in fasting blood glucose were noticed in the group that had followed a low carbohydrate diet , although a significant decrease in glucose concentration was observed after breakfast ( 102 + /- 16 vs. 94 + /- 11 mg/dl ) , lunch ( 105 + /- 12 vs. 99 + /- 9 mg/dl ) and dinner ( 112 + /- 16 vs. 103 + /- 13 mg/dl ) ( p < 0.05 ) . In the high carbohydrate diet group fasting and after-breakfast glucose concentration did not change . A significant decrease in glycaemia was noticed after lunch ( 106 + /- 15 vs. 96 + /- 7 mg/dl ) and dinner ( 107 + /- 12 vs. 97 + /- 7 mg/dl ) ( p < 0.05 ) . Ketonuria was not observed in either group . Obstetrical outcomes did not differ between groups . CONCLUSIONS Both high and low carbohydrate diets are effective and safe . A diet with carbohydrate limitation should be recommended to women who experience the highest glycaemia levels after breakfast
In general , when given alongside gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in most diets compared to diets that gave gestational weight gain advice only .
However , fasting glucose increased in high unsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids diets .
In the absence of gestational weight gain advice , fasting glucose improved in DASH-style diets compared to st and ard of care .
Although most were non-significant , similar trends were observed for these same diets for the other glycemic outcomes .
/INTERPRETATION Alongside with gestational weight gain advice , most diets , with the exception of a high unsaturated or a high monounsaturated fatty acid diet , demonstrated a fasting glucose improvement compared with gestational weight gain advice only .
When gestational weight gain advice was not given , the DASH-style diet appeared optimal on fasting glucose .
However , a small number of trials were identified and most dietary comparisons were underpowered to detect differences in glycemic outcomes .
AIMS Evidence to support dietary modifications to improve glycemia during pregnancy is limited , and the benefits of diet beyond limiting gestational weight gain is unclear .
Therefore , a systematic review and network meta- analysis of r and omized trials was conducted to compare the effects of various common diets , stratified by the addition of gestational weight gain advice , on fasting glucose and insulin , hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) , and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) in pregnant women .