All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .
Effectiveness of nitrous oxide and analgesic cream (lidocaine and prilocaine) for prevention of pain during intramuscular botulinum toxin injections in children.
AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness of an analgesic protocol with nitrous oxide and anaesthetic cream ( lidocaine and prilocaine , EMLA ) for children undergoing botulinum toxin injections .  PATIENTS AND METHODS Prospect i ve study including 51 injection sessions , 34 children with a mean age of 5.94 ( range 2 - 15 ) and 209 injected muscles .  Pain was evaluated with the Children 's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale ( CHEOPS ) , the Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) and the Face Pain Scale ( FPS ) for the children and with a VAS for the parents . RESULTS CHEOPS score for the 51 sessions was 8.50 ( S.D. 3.56 ) . Forty-nine percent of scores were above the therapeutic threshold of 9 ; 25 % of the children evaluated the pain above the therapeutic threshold of 3 ; 44.74 % of the parents ' estimations exceeded 3 . No correlation was found between age , weight , number of injected muscle and CHEOPS score . CONCLUSION The association of MEOPA and anaesthetic cream is only effective for 50 % of children . This is much lower than treatments for other types of acute induced pain in children . Botulinum toxin injections and cerebral palsy children present certain specificities which require improvements in this analgesic protocol
All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .