In conclusion , the deficiency of vitamin D is associated with an increased level of BMI in the studies of both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects .
The deficiency of vitamin D is prevalent all over the world .
Studies have shown that vitamin D may play an important role in the development of obesity .
The current study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the association between serum 25-(OH ) vitamin D levels  and the risk of obesity in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects .
Cross-talk between muscle and bone in postmenopausal women with hypovitaminosis D
Abstract Objectives : Visceral fat is more harmful than subcutaneous fat . Women with high amounts of visceral fat have an increased risk of metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) , insulin resistance and low level of serum vitamin D. Methods : This was a prospect i ve , r and omized and controlled study . Postmenopausal women ( n = 101 ) aged 45–70 years were included . The assessed parameters were : body mass index ( BMI ) , waist circumference ( WC ) , 25-hydroxyvitamin D ( 25-OHD ) status , serum insulin and HOMA-IR , bone mineral density , total fat mass , fat mass index ( FMI ) measured by DXA , and muscle strength . Results : Significantly lower values of 25-OHD ( 35.26 ± 1.61 nmol/l ) were found in women with MetS compared to those without MetS ( 47.52 ± 3.47nmol/l ) ( t = 3.699 ; p < 0.000 ) . A significant negative correlation was observed between 25-OHD levels and : WC ( rhoWC = −0.94 ; p < 0.004 ) , BMI ( rho BMI = −0.80 ; p < 0.002 ) , FMI ( rhoFMI = −0.31 ; p < 0.002 ) and impaired fasting glucose ( IFG ) ( rhoIFG = −0.23 ; p < 0.001 ) . The percentage of body fat was statistically significantly higher in the group with insufficient 25-OHD ( 39.6 % ) and in the group with a deficit of 25-OHD ( 48.2 % ) , compared with the maximum permitted percentage body fat of 35 % for a female ( t = −22.63 ; p < 0.002 ) . The average h and grip strength of these moderately obese participants was 27.4 ± 4.7 kg . It was significantly lower than the normative grip strength for referent range groups ( t = −21.65 ; p < 0.001 ) . Conclusion : A low 25-OHD level in postmenopausal women is associated with high body fat , metabolic syndrome , low muscular strength and osteopenia
In conclusion , the deficiency of vitamin D is associated with an increased level of BMI in the studies of both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects .
The deficiency of vitamin D is prevalent all over the world .
Studies have shown that vitamin D may play an important role in the development of obesity .
The current study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the association between serum 25-(OH ) vitamin D levels  and the risk of obesity in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects .