In conclusion , overweight and obese youth can improve physical fitness across a variety of test measures .
When fitness improves , beneficial health effects are observed in some , but not all chronic disease risk factors
A systematic review of literature was conducted to examine the association between changes in health-related fitness ( e.g. aerobic capacity and muscular strength /endurance ) and chronic disease risk factors in overweight and /or obese youth .
Heart rate variability in obese children: relations to total body and visceral adiposity, and changes with physical training and detraining.
OBJECTIVE Heart rate variability provides non-invasive information about cardiac parasympathetic activity ( PSA ) . We determined in obese children : ( 1 ) relations of baseline PSA to body composition and hemodynamics ; ( 2 ) effects of physical training ( PT ) and cessation of PT ; and ( 3 ) which factors explained individual differences in responsivity of PSA to the PT . RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES The root mean square of successive differences ( RMSSD ) was the index of PSA . Obese children ( n = 79 ) were r and omly assigned to groups that participated in PT during the first or second 4-month periods of the study . RESULTS Baseline RMSSD was significantly ( p<0.05 ) associated with lower levels of : fat mass , fat-free mass , subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue , resting heart rate ( HR ) , resting systolic blood pressure , and exercise HR . Stepwise multiple regression produced a final model ( R2 = 0.36 ) that included only resting HR . The analysis of changes over the three time points of the study found a significant ( p = 0.026 ) time by group interaction , such that RMSSD increased during periods of PT and decreased following cessation of PT . Greater individual increases in response to the PT ( p<0.05 ) were seen in those who had lower pre-PT RMSSD levels , showed the greatest decreases in resting HR , and increased most in vigorous physical activity . The final regression model retained only the change in resting HR as a significant predictor of the changes in the RMSSD ( R2 = 0.23 ) . DISCUSSION Regular exercise that improved fitness and body composition had a favorable effect on PSA in obese children
In conclusion , overweight and obese youth can improve physical fitness across a variety of test measures .
When fitness improves , beneficial health effects are observed in some , but not all chronic disease risk factors
A systematic review of literature was conducted to examine the association between changes in health-related fitness ( e.g. aerobic capacity and muscular strength /endurance ) and chronic disease risk factors in overweight and /or obese youth .