A greater reduction in BMI was found with multiple species of probiotics .
Consuming probiotics  could reduce body weight and BMI , with a potentially greater effect when multiple species of probiotics were consumed , the duration of intervention was ≥8 weeks , or the objects were overweight
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of probiotic therapies on body weight and BMI  using a meta- analysis of r and omized , controlled trials .
[Effects of probiotics on blood glucose levels and clinical outcomes in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma].
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of probiotics on blood glucose levels and clinical outcomes in patients suffering from severe craniocerebral trauma . METHODS A prospect i ve r and omized control study was conducted . Fifty-two severe craniocerebral trauma patients admitted to intensive care unit ( ICU ) were r and omized into experimental or control  group ( each n=26 ) . All patients received conventional treatment according to Guidelines for the Clinical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury and enteral nutrition within 24 - 48 hours after admission through nasogastric tube . In addition , the experimental group received 1 × 10(9 ) bacteria of viable probiotics ( Golden Bifid , 3.5 g for 3 times per day ) per day for 21 days . The fasting blood glucose levels were determined in the morning before intervention and on day 4 , 8 , 15 , 21 after intervention . Amount of insulin used during hospitalization , Glasgow coma scale ( GCS ) scores , length of ICU stay , and 28-day mortality rate were studied . RESULTS There was no difference in term of the blood glucose levels between two groups before intervention . On day 8 and 15 after intervention , significantly lower levels of fasting blood glucose were observed in the experimental group compared with those of the control group ( 8 days : 6.6±1.2 mmol/L vs. 8.0±2.7 mmol/L , t=-2.500 , P=0.017 ; 15 days : 6.1±1.4 mmol/L vs. 7.2±2.2 mmol/L , t=-2.269 , P=0.028 ) . There were significantly less patients treated with insulin or shorter days of insulin therapy in experimental group than in control group [ 19.2 % ( 5/26 ) vs. 46.2 % ( 12/26 ) , χ(2)=4.282 , P=0.039 ; 1.6±0.9 vs. 4.3±3.1 , t=-2.698 , P=0.017 ] . The length of ICU stay was significantly shorter in the experimental group than that of control group ( 6.8±3.8 days vs. 10.7±7.3 days , t=-2.123 , P=0.034 ) . No significant differences were found about the GCS scores ( before intervention : 6.3±1.0 vs. 6.4±1.0 , t=-0.408 , P=0.685 ; 21 days after intervention : 10.1±4.0 vs. 9.6±4.3 , t=0.435 , P=0.665 ) and 28-day mortality rate [ 11.5 % ( 3/26 ) vs. 19.2 % ( 5/26 ) , χ(2)=0.148 , P=0.701 ] between experimental group and control group . CONCLUSIONS Probiotics could facilitate blood glucose control in patients with severe craniocerebral injury . The underlying mechanisms and its long-term efficacy in this category of patients , however , need to be further investigated
A greater reduction in BMI was found with multiple species of probiotics .
Consuming probiotics  could reduce body weight and BMI , with a potentially greater effect when multiple species of probiotics were consumed , the duration of intervention was ≥8 weeks , or the objects were overweight
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of probiotic therapies on body weight and BMI  using a meta- analysis of r and omized , controlled trials .