The results of this systematic review identify the consistent and prevalent indicators of concussion and their associations , derived from the strongest evidence in the published literature .
BACKGROUND Currently , there is no evidence -based definition for concussion that is being uniformly applied in clinical and research setting s. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the highest- quality literature about concussion and to assemble evidence about the prevalence and associations of key indicators of concussion .
The goal was to establish an evidence -based foundation from which to derive , in future work , a definition , diagnostic criteria , and prognostic indicators for concussion .
Agreement between Parents and Children on Ratings of Post-Concussive Symptoms Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
The level of parent-child agreement on post-concussive symptoms ( PCS ) was examined in children following mild traumatic brain injuries ( TBI ) . As part of a larger longitudinal study , 186 children with mild TBI and 99 with orthopedic injuries ( OI ) , from 8 to 15 years of age , were recruited prospect ively . Parents and children completed the  PCS Interview ( PCS-I ) and the Health and Behavior Inventory ( HBI ) at 2 weeks , 1 month , 3 months , and 12 months postinjury . Item-level correlations between child and parent ratings on both measures of PCS were significant but modest in both groups . Parent-child correlations for composite scales on the HBI and the total score on the PCS-I were significant in both groups , but somewhat higher in the OI group than in the mild TBI group . Mean symptom ratings tended to be significantly higher for children as compared to parents , especially for somatic symptoms . Parents and children display modest agreement when reporting PCS ; their ratings correlate significantly , but children report higher mean levels of symptoms than parents
The results of this systematic review identify the consistent and prevalent indicators of concussion and their associations , derived from the strongest evidence in the published literature .
BACKGROUND Currently , there is no evidence -based definition for concussion that is being uniformly applied in clinical and research setting s. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the highest- quality literature about concussion and to assemble evidence about the prevalence and associations of key indicators of concussion .
The goal was to establish an evidence -based foundation from which to derive , in future work , a definition , diagnostic criteria , and prognostic indicators for concussion .