There was interaction by food source , with specific food sources showing beneficial effects ( fruit and fruit juice ) or harmful effects ( sweetened milk and mixed sources ) in substitution studies and harmful effects ( sugars‐sweetened beverages and fruit juice ) in addition studies on at least one outcome .
Conclusions Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose‐containing sugars on glycaemic control .
Although most food sources of these sugars ( especially fruit ) do not have a harmful effect in energy matched substitutions with other macronutrients , several food sources of fructose‐containing sugars ( especially sugars‐sweetened beverages ) adding excess energy to diets have harmful effects .
Objective To assess the effect of different food sources of fructose‐containing sugars  on glycaemic control at different levels of energy control .
Increased postprandial glycaemia, insulinemia, and lipidemia after 10 weeks’ sucrose-rich diet compared to an artificially sweetened diet: a randomised controlled trial
Background The importance of exchanging sucrose for artificial sweeteners on risk factors for developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases is not yet clear . Objective To investigate the effects of a diet high in sucrose versus a diet high in artificial sweeteners on fasting and postpr and ial metabolic profiles after 10 weeks . Design Healthy overweight subjects were r and omised to consume drinks and foods sweetened with either sucrose ( ∼2 g/kg body weight ) ( n = 12 ) or artificial sweeteners ( n = 11 ) as supplements to their usual diet . Supplements were similar on the two diets and consisted of beverages ( ∼80 weight% ) and solid foods ( yoghurts , marmalade , ice cream , stewed fruits ) . The rest of the diet was free of choice and ad libitum . Before ( week 0 ) and after the intervention ( week 10 ) fasting blood sample s were drawn and in week 10 , postpr and ial blood was sample d during an 8-hour meal test ( breakfast and lunch ) . Results After 10 weeks postpr and ial glucose , insulin , lactate , triglyceride , leptin , glucagon , and GLP-1 were all significantly higher in the sucrose compared with the sweetener group . After adjusting for differences in body weight changes and fasting values ( week 10 ) , postpr and ial glucose , lactate , insulin , GIP , and GLP-1 were significantly higher and after further adjusting for differences in energy and sucrose intake , postpr and ial lactate , insulin , GIP , and GLP-1 levels were still significantly higher on the sucrose-rich diet . Conclusion A sucrose-rich diet consumed for 10 weeks result ed in significant elevations of postpr and ial glycaemia , insulinemia , and lipidemia compared to a diet rich in artificial sweeteners in slightly overweight healthy subjects
There was interaction by food source , with specific food sources showing beneficial effects ( fruit and fruit juice ) or harmful effects ( sweetened milk and mixed sources ) in substitution studies and harmful effects ( sugars‐sweetened beverages and fruit juice ) in addition studies on at least one outcome .
Conclusions Energy control and food source appear to mediate the effect of fructose‐containing sugars on glycaemic control .
Although most food sources of these sugars ( especially fruit ) do not have a harmful effect in energy matched substitutions with other macronutrients , several food sources of fructose‐containing sugars ( especially sugars‐sweetened beverages ) adding excess energy to diets have harmful effects .
Objective To assess the effect of different food sources of fructose‐containing sugars  on glycaemic control at different levels of energy control .