These results corroborate the evidence from experimental and clinical studies , which support fat redistribution and compensatory fat growth , as a result of feedback mechanisms , triggered by fat removal .
Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ , which is developed in specific depots , distinguished either as subcutaneous or visceral .
Lipectomy , by means of liposuction or abdominoplasty , is a common plastic surgery procedure , which can remove substantial amounts of subcutaneous fat .
This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of surgical removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue on  body weight and fat mass in females in the short- and long-term .
Liposuction induces a compensatory increase of visceral fat which is effectively counteracted by physical activity: a randomized trial.
CONTEXT Liposuction is suggested to result in long-term body fat regain that could lead to increased cardiometabolic risk . We hypothesized that physical activity could prevent this effect . OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate the effects of liposuction on body fat distribution and cardiometabolic risk factors in women who were either exercise trained or not after surgery . DESIGN , SETTING , AND PARTICIPANTS Thirty-six healthy normal-weight women participated in this 6-month r and omized controlled trial at the University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil . INTERVENTIONS Patients underwent a small-volume abdominal liposuction . Two months after surgery , the subjects were r and omly allocated into two groups : trained ( TR , n = 18 , 4-month exercise program ) and nontrained ( NT , n = 18 ) . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Body fat distribution ( assessed by computed tomography ) was assessed before the intervention ( PRE ) and 2 months ( POST2 ) , and 6 months ( POST6 ) after surgery . Secondary outcome measures included body composition , metabolic parameters and dietary intake , assessed at PRE , POST2 , and POST6 , and total energy expenditure , physical capacity , and sc adipocyte size and lipid metabolism-related gene expression , assessed at PRE and POST6 . RESULTS Liposuction was effective in reducing sc abdominal fat ( PRE vs. POST2 , P = 0.0001 ) . Despite the sustained sc abdominal fat decrement at POST6 ( P = 0.0001 ) , the NT group showed a significant 10 % increase in visceral fat from PRE to POST6 ( P = 0.04 ; effect size = -0.72 ) and decreased energy expenditure ( P = 0.01 ; effect size = 0.95 ) when compared with TR . Dietary intake , adipocyte size , and gene expression were unchanged over time . CONCLUSION Abdominal liposuction does not induce regrowth of fat , but it does trigger a compensatory increase of visceral fat , which is effectively counteracted by physical activity
These results corroborate the evidence from experimental and clinical studies , which support fat redistribution and compensatory fat growth , as a result of feedback mechanisms , triggered by fat removal .
Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ , which is developed in specific depots , distinguished either as subcutaneous or visceral .
Lipectomy , by means of liposuction or abdominoplasty , is a common plastic surgery procedure , which can remove substantial amounts of subcutaneous fat .
This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of surgical removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue on  body weight and fat mass in females in the short- and long-term .