Pelvic floor exercises are more effective in subjective and objective outcomes with biofeedback or verbal feedback .
Weight loss with diet and exercise , caffeine reduction , 25 - 50 % reduction in fluid intake , and pelvic floor muscle exercises with verbal instruction and or biofeedback were all efficacious .
Botulinum toxin A improves urge incontinence episodes , urgency , frequency , quality of life , nocturia , and urodynamic testing parameters .
Acupuncture  improves quality of life and urodynamic testing parameters .
Extracorporeal magnetic stimulation improves urodynamic parameters .
Mirabegron improves daily incontinence episodes , nocturia , number of daily voids , and urine volume per void , whereas solabegron improves daily incontinence episodes .
Short-term posterior tibial nerve stimulation is more efficacious than pelvic floor muscle training exercises and behavioral therapy for improving : urgency , urinary incontinence episodes , daily voids , volume per void , and overall quality of life .
Sacral neuromodulation is more efficacious than antimuscarinic treatment for subjective improvement of overactive bladder and quality of life .
Transvaginal electrical stimulation demonstrates subjective improvement in overactive bladder symptoms and urodynamic parameters .
Multiple therapies , including physical therapy , behavioral therapy , botulinum toxin A , acupuncture , magnetic stimulation , mirabegron , posterior tibial nerve stimulation , sacral neuromodulation , and transvaginal electrical stimulation , are efficacious in the treatment of overactive bladder
The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy and safety of nonantimuscarinic treatments for overactive bladder .
Prospective randomised controlled trial comparing trigone-sparing versus trigone-including intradetrusor injection of abobotulinumtoxinA for refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity.
BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin A is effective for treatment of idiopathic detrusor overactivity ( IDO ) . The trigone is generally spared because of the theoretical risk of vesicoureteric reflux ( VUR ) , although studies assessing injection sites are lacking . OBJECTIVE Evaluate efficacy and safety of trigone-including versus trigone-sparing intradetrusor injections of abobotulinumtoxinA in patients with IDO . DESIGN , SETTING , AND PARTICIPANTS Twenty-two patients from one centre were r and omised to  trigone-including or trigone-sparing injections . INTERVENTION Injection of 500 U abobotulinumtoxinA diluted to 20ml into 20 trigone-including or trigone-sparing sites . MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome measure was total overactive bladder symptom score ( OABSS ) at 6 wk . The OABSS question naire was completed at 0 , 6 , 12 , and 26 wk . Baseline and postinjection urodynamic studies and micturating cystourethrograms were performed . Baseline values and subsequent time points were compared by t test . A mixed-effect model was used for repeated measures in time . RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS For symptom scores at baseline compared with scores at 6 wk postinjection , the mean total OABSS improved from 22.4 to 8.7 ( p<0.001 ) in the trigone-including group compared with 22.7 to 13.4 ( p<0.03 ) in the trigone-sparing group . The difference in mean change from baseline was 4.4 points in favour of the trigone-including group ( p=0.03 ) . The total OABSS at 12 and 26 wk and the urgency subscale scores at 6 , 12 , and 26 wk showed significant improvement in favour of the trigone-including group . Mean postvoid residual volumes and clean intermittent self-catheterisation rates between the two groups were similar . No patients developed VUR . Performing injections under general anaesthetic was a limitation , as tolerability under local anaesthetic was not assessed . A further limitation is the lack of a trigone-only arm . CONCLUSIONS Trigone-including injections are superior to trigone-sparing injections for the treatment of refractory IDO and did not cause VUR in this study
Pelvic floor exercises are more effective in subjective and objective outcomes with biofeedback or verbal feedback .
Weight loss with diet and exercise , caffeine reduction , 25 - 50 % reduction in fluid intake , and pelvic floor muscle exercises with verbal instruction and or biofeedback were all efficacious .
Botulinum toxin A improves urge incontinence episodes , urgency , frequency , quality of life , nocturia , and urodynamic testing parameters .
Acupuncture  improves quality of life and urodynamic testing parameters .
Extracorporeal magnetic stimulation improves urodynamic parameters .
Mirabegron improves daily incontinence episodes , nocturia , number of daily voids , and urine volume per void , whereas solabegron improves daily incontinence episodes .
Short-term posterior tibial nerve stimulation is more efficacious than pelvic floor muscle training exercises and behavioral therapy for improving : urgency , urinary incontinence episodes , daily voids , volume per void , and overall quality of life .
Sacral neuromodulation is more efficacious than antimuscarinic treatment for subjective improvement of overactive bladder and quality of life .
Transvaginal electrical stimulation demonstrates subjective improvement in overactive bladder symptoms and urodynamic parameters .
Multiple therapies , including physical therapy , behavioral therapy , botulinum toxin A , acupuncture , magnetic stimulation , mirabegron , posterior tibial nerve stimulation , sacral neuromodulation , and transvaginal electrical stimulation , are efficacious in the treatment of overactive bladder
The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy and safety of nonantimuscarinic treatments for overactive bladder .