Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .
Substance Use Among Iranian Cardiac Surgery Patients and Its Effects on Short-Term Outcome
BACKGROUND : We assessed the prevalence of substance use among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft and valve surgery in northwest Iran . We evaluated the postoperative complications and in-hospital mortality of patients with substance dependence and abuse . METHODS : In this prospect i ve , observational study , we interviewed 600 patients during the preoperative visit in a tertiary referral educational hospital in northwest Iran . The definition of substance abuse and dependence was according to DSM-IV criteria . Postoperative complications and in-hospital mortality of patients with substance ( cigarette , opium , and alcohol ) dependence and abuse were compared with those in control patients who did not use these substances . RESULTS : In 600 studied patients , the prevalence of  cigarette smoking was 42.1 % ( ex-smokers 26.0 % and current smokers 16.1 % ) , prevalence of opium use was 12.0 % ( opium abuse 7.0 % and opium dependence 5.0 % ) , and alcohol consumption was 8.1 % ( alcohol abuse 7.4 % and alcohol dependence 0.7 % ) . The prevalence of cigarette smoking was 58.9 % in men and 7.6 % in women ( P = 0.001 ) . Postoperative cardiac complications in current smokers ( 21.5 % ) and ex-smokers ( 20.5 % ) were not significantly different from the control group ( 28.2 % ) . Also , pulmonary complications were not different in current smokers ( 24.7 % ) and ex-smokers ( 17.9 % ) from the control group ( 26.8 % ; P = 0.196 ) . However , in men , pulmonary complications in current smokers were more prevalent than in the control group ( P = 0.044 ) . In opium and alcohol dependents and abusers , postoperative complications were not statistically different from the control group ( all P values > 0.05 ) . No increase was observed regarding in-hospital mortality in patients with substance use . CONCLUSIONS : In cardiac surgery patients in northwest Iran , the prevalence of cigarette smoking is relatively low ( very low in women ) , as is alcohol use , compared with Western countries ; however , opium use is twice as prevalent . We found higher pulmonary complication rates in men who smoked , but no increase in postoperative cardiopulmonary complications and in-hospital mortality rates in patients who abused opium and consumed alcohol
Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .