There is no consistent result in the relationship between obesity and timing of pubertal onset in boys .
Obesity may contribute to early onset of puberty in girls , while in boys , there is insufficient data .
This systematic review and meta- analysis examined the associations between obesity and puberty timing based on scientific evidence .
Modulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator sensitivity to progesterone inhibition in hyperandrogenic adolescent girls--implications for regulation of pubertal maturation.
CONTEXT Adult women with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) have decreased GnRH pulse generator sensitivity to progesterone (P)-mediated slowing . This defect is and rogen mediated because it is reversed with and rogen receptor blockade . Adolescent hyper and rogenism often precedes PCOS . OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate GnRH pulse generator sensitivity to P-mediated slowing in normal and hyper and rogenic girls . DESIGN We conducted a controlled interventional study . SETTING The study was conducted in a general clinical research center . PARTICIPANTS A total of 26 normal control ( NC ) and 26 hyper and rogenic ( HA ) girls were studied . INTERVENTION Frequent blood sampling was performed for 11 h to assess LH pulse frequency before and after 7 d of oral estradiol and P. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE We measured the slope of the percentage reduction in LH pulse frequency as a function of d 7 P ( slope ) . RESULTS Overall , Tanner 3 - 5 HA subjects were less sensitive to P-mediated slowing than Tanner 3 - 5 NC ( slope , 4.7 + /- 3.4 vs. 10.3 + /- 7.7 ; P = 0.006 ) . However , there was variability in the responses of HA subjects ; 15 had P sensitivities within the range seen in NC , whereas nine were relatively P insensitive . The two groups had similar testosterone levels . Fasting insulin levels were higher in P-insensitive HA girls ( 39.6 + /- 30.6 vs. 22.2 + /- 13.9 microIU/ml ; P = 0.02 ) , and there was an inverse relationship between fasting insulin and P sensitivity in HA girls ( P = 0.02 ) . Tanner 1 - 2 NC had lower testosterone levels and were more P sensitive than Tanner 3 - 5 NC ( slope , 19.3 + /- 5.8 ; P = 0.04 ) . CONCLUSIONS Hyper and rogenism is variably associated with reduced GnRH pulse generator sensitivity to P-mediated slowing during adolescence . In addition to and rogen levels , insulin resistance may modulate P sensitivity
There is no consistent result in the relationship between obesity and timing of pubertal onset in boys .
Obesity may contribute to early onset of puberty in girls , while in boys , there is insufficient data .
This systematic review and meta- analysis examined the associations between obesity and puberty timing based on scientific evidence .