There was no evidence for the effectiveness of lumbar supports due to contradictory outcomes of the studies .
Thus there is limited evidence that education does not help to prevent back pain .
All three studies on exercise reported a positive result , indicating limited evidence for the effectiveness of exercise .
The review showed that there is limited evidence that exercise has some effect in the prevention of back pain and that education is not effective .
No conclusive evidence was found for or against the effectiveness of lumbar supports .
OBJECTIVE : To assess the effectiveness of lumbar supports , education , and exercise in the prevention of back pain in industry .
The Cost‐Effectiveness of a Back School Program in Industry: A Longitudinal Controlled Field Study
To define the cost-effectiveness of a back school program in industry , a controlled longitudinal field study was carried out in a Dutch bus company . The experimental group received a program consisting of information on back care , physical fitness , nutrition , stress , and relaxation . Objective data on absenteeism were collected and compared during a 6-year period for the control and experimental groups . Results showed that a tailor-made back school program reduced absenteeism by at least 5 days per year per employee , therefore being cost-effective to industry . A reduction was not observed in incidence , but in mean length of absenteeism . This effect turned out to be persistent during a 2-year period following the program
There was no evidence for the effectiveness of lumbar supports due to contradictory outcomes of the studies .
Thus there is limited evidence that education does not help to prevent back pain .
All three studies on exercise reported a positive result , indicating limited evidence for the effectiveness of exercise .
The review showed that there is limited evidence that exercise has some effect in the prevention of back pain and that education is not effective .
No conclusive evidence was found for or against the effectiveness of lumbar supports .
OBJECTIVE : To assess the effectiveness of lumbar supports , education , and exercise in the prevention of back pain in industry .