Subgroup analyses revealed that palm oil has a beneficial effect on High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels when more than 30 % of total dietary energy was constituted by fat .
This review revealed that palm oil does not induce increases in cardiovascular disease risk risk-related biomarkers relative to unsaturated fatty acids .
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The precise association between palm oil consumption and  lipid-related cardiovascular disease risk remains unclear .
A systematic review was thus performed to assess whether palm oil consumption has a negative effect on plasma lipid-related cardiovascular disease marker levels .
Serum lipoproteins of healthy persons fed a low-fat diet or a polyunsaturated fat diet for three months. A comparison of two cholesterol-lowering diets.
In a controlled 16-week trial we have compared the effects on some risk factors for atherosclerosis of 2 cholesterol-lowering diets , one low in total fat and low in polyunsaturated fat ( LO ) and one moderate in total fat but high in polyunsaturated fat ( MOD ) as recommended by various advisory councils . All 35 volunteers were given diet MOD during a 2.5-week control period . This diet provided 31 % of the daily energy intake ( energy% ) as total fat ; one-third of the fatty acids were polyunsaturated ( PUFA ) . VLDL plus LDL cholesterol decreased by 0.66 mmol/1 during the control period while the HDL cholesterol ( HDL-C ) level was unchanged . Total serum triglycerides decreased by 0.33 mmol/l . After the control period the subjects were r and omized into 2 groups , one of which continued on diet MOD , while the other group received the low-fat diet LO , providing 2.1 energy% as total fat and 4 energy% as PUFA . All food was prepared daily and weighed out for each individual in amounts appropriate to the individual 's energy needs . Nutrient intakes were checked by 7-day records and by chemical analysis of double portions . The diets contained the same amounts of cholesterol , phytosterols , oligosaccharides and other nutrients known to affect serum lipid levels . Total serum cholesterol increased by 0.21 ± 0.41 mmol/l on control diet MOD during the test period of 13 weeks . 0.09 ± 0.11 mmol/l of this was due to HDL-C. Total serum triglycerides remained constant during the test period in group MOD . On diet LO total serum cholesterol remained stable during the test period , but HDL-C was lowered by −0.06 ± 0.20 mmol/1 . The difference in HDL-C between the diet groups was mainly located in HDL2 . Total serum triglycerides increased by + 0.32 ± 0.31 mmol/l in group LO ; the increase in VLDL triglycerides was + 0.22 ± 0.18 mmol/l . The depression of HDL on diet LO was also reflected in the ratio of HDL to total cholesterol which decreased by −0.02 ± 0.05 on diet LO , and was unchanged on diet MOD , and in the ratio of apo A1 to apo B ( 6 % decrease on diet LO and constant on diet MOD ) . Combination of these data with those from a preceding study [ Brussaard et al. , Atherosclerosis , 36 ( 1980 ) 515 ] leads to the following conclusions : 1 . ( 1 ) Both diets lower total serum cholesterol levels when compared with the habitual diets of affluent communities . 2 . ( 2 ) The high-carbohydrate , low-fat diet causes lower HDL and higher fasting VLDL triglyceride levels than the recommended moderate-fat-high-PUFA diet
Subgroup analyses revealed that palm oil has a beneficial effect on High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels when more than 30 % of total dietary energy was constituted by fat .
This review revealed that palm oil does not induce increases in cardiovascular disease risk risk-related biomarkers relative to unsaturated fatty acids .
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The precise association between palm oil consumption and  lipid-related cardiovascular disease risk remains unclear .
A systematic review was thus performed to assess whether palm oil consumption has a negative effect on plasma lipid-related cardiovascular disease marker levels .