All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .
The effect of paracetamol, fentanyl, and systematic assessments on children's pain after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.
Various clinical protocol s are used to manage early postoperative tonsillectomy and /or adenoidectomy ( T&A ) pain in children . Although believed to be effective , these protocol s are not evidence d-based . Therefore , a double-blind , r and omized , placebo controlled ( 2 x 2 ) factorial design was used ( 1 ) to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 pain protocol s used interchangeably to manage early postoperative T&A pain and ( 2 ) to investigate whether nurses ' systematic pain assessment s improve pain management . In the first protocol children receive a loading dose ( 30 to 50 mg/kg ) of paracetamol ( acetaminophen ) Formularium der Nederl and se Apothekers ( Formulary of the Dutch Royal Society for the Advancement of Pharmacy ) intraoperatively , followed by regular doses ( 70 to 100 mg/kg/24 hours ) of paracetamol . In the second protocol children receive the first protocol , plus intramuscular fentanyl citrate ( 1 microgram/kg ) intraoperatively . Subjects were 83 healthy children between the ages of 3 and 12 years , admitted for T&A as an outpatient procedure . The child 's pain was measured using observation scales ( Children 's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale and Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability Scale ) , a visual analogue scale , and self-report measures ( Faces Pain Scale and Oucher ) . Neither pain protocol sufficiently relieved early postoperative T&A pain , and systemic pain assessment s did not improve the effectiveness of analgesics . Further research evaluating the effectiveness of pain management protocol s is needed
All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .