Such prevalence rates have not been observed in adolescents .
Differences between men and women involve : ( i ) the biological response to the drug , ( ii ) the progression to drug dependence , and ( iii ) the comorbid psychiatric diagnoses , which may be due to both sociocultural factors and innate biological differences .
The introduction of gender into forensic toxicological evaluations may help eluci date the relationship between the body 's absorption of abused drugs ( alone or in combination ) and the onset of intoxications , both lethal and none
Gender differences in substance use/abuse have been the focus of research in the last 15 years .
Initiation , use patterns , acceleration of disease course , and help-seeking patterns are known to be influenced by gender differences with regard to biological , psychological , cultural and socioeconomic factors .
This paper presents a systematic review of published data on gender differences in the use/abuse of psychoactive and psychotic drugs , focusing on the importance of a multidisciplinary approach .
A crucial role played by ovarian hormones ( oestrogens and progesterone ) has been documented in both human and animal model studies .
Marihuana smoking suppresses luteinizing hormone in women.
Smoking a single 1-g marihuana cigarette containing 1.8 % delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol induced a 30 % suppression of plasma luteinizing hormone levels ( P less than .02 ) in women during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle . After marihuana placebo cigarette smoking , no luteinizing hormone suppression was observed in the same women under double-blind conditions . Marihuana may have adverse effects upon reproductive function during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle as a consequence of gonadotropin inhibition
Such prevalence rates have not been observed in adolescents .
Differences between men and women involve : ( i ) the biological response to the drug , ( ii ) the progression to drug dependence , and ( iii ) the comorbid psychiatric diagnoses , which may be due to both sociocultural factors and innate biological differences .
The introduction of gender into forensic toxicological evaluations may help eluci date the relationship between the body 's absorption of abused drugs ( alone or in combination ) and the onset of intoxications , both lethal and none
Gender differences in substance use/abuse have been the focus of research in the last 15 years .
Initiation , use patterns , acceleration of disease course , and help-seeking patterns are known to be influenced by gender differences with regard to biological , psychological , cultural and socioeconomic factors .
This paper presents a systematic review of published data on gender differences in the use/abuse of psychoactive and psychotic drugs , focusing on the importance of a multidisciplinary approach .
A crucial role played by ovarian hormones ( oestrogens and progesterone ) has been documented in both human and animal model studies .