For convergent validity ( i.e. , the relationship between PAQs and other measures ) , similar overall associations were found between Past-week PAQs and Usual-week PAQs .
However , PAQs were more strongly associated with direct measures of physical activity ( e.g. , accelerometer ) than indirect measures of physical activity ( i.e. , physical fitness ) , irrespective of recall methods .
Only a few interview-administered PAQs exhibited positive ratings for a single psychometric property , although the other properties were either rated as poor or question able , demonstrating the limitations of current PAQs .
Comparability of epidemiological information between self- and interviewer-administered questionnaires.
The aim of the present study was to determine the extent to which respondents provided the same answers to a health-related lifestyle question naire in self- and interviewer-administered forms . A total of 234 subjects completed a 110-item question naire  in both interviewer and self-administered forms . Modes of administration were separated by a 2-week interval . The order was determined by r and om allocation . The presence and the extent of the tendency to give socially acceptable responses were evaluated using percentage of bias calculated as the ratio of the difference in proportion of positive responses or the mean between interviews and question naires and those in question naires . All percentages of bias were in the positive direction , ranging from 1.4 % ( physical exercise ) to 26.1 % ( general life stress ) . The average percentage of bias was higher in women than in men and were stronger for younger respondents . The age differences between interviewer and respondent were inversely and most strongly related to percentage of bias . Self- and interviewer-administered question naires yield very similar results in discriminating between subjects , but the interviewer-administered question naire showed systematic ally more desirable responses to questions related to lifestyle factors . The differences in characteristics between interviewer and respondent may be important determinants of the socially desirability bias in the interview
For convergent validity ( i.e. , the relationship between PAQs and other measures ) , similar overall associations were found between Past-week PAQs and Usual-week PAQs .
However , PAQs were more strongly associated with direct measures of physical activity ( e.g. , accelerometer ) than indirect measures of physical activity ( i.e. , physical fitness ) , irrespective of recall methods .
Only a few interview-administered PAQs exhibited positive ratings for a single psychometric property , although the other properties were either rated as poor or question able , demonstrating the limitations of current PAQs .