In comparison with the baseline , NNS consumption was not found to increase blood glucose level , and its concentration gradually declined over the course of observation following NNS consumption .
The glycemic impact of NNS consumption did not differ by type of NNS but to some extent varied by participants ’ age , body weight , and diabetic status .
Conclusions NNS consumption was not found to elevate blood glucose level .
Background / objectives Nonnutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) are zero- or low-calorie alternatives to nutritive sweeteners , such as table sugars .
A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials was conducted to quantitatively synthesize existing scientific evidence on the glycemic impact of NNSs .
Effects of a d-Xylose Preload With or Without Sitagliptin on Gastric Emptying, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, and Postprandial Glycemia in Type 2 Diabetes
OBJECTIVE Macronutrient “ preloads ” can reduce postpr and ial glycemia by slowing gastric emptying and stimulating glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) secretion . An ideal preload would entail minimal additional energy intake and might be optimized by concurrent inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 ( DPP-4 ) . We evaluated the effects of a low-energy d-xylose preload , with or without sitagliptin , on gastric emptying , plasma intact GLP-1 concentrations , and postpr and ial glycemia in type 2 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twelve type 2 diabetic patients were studied on four occasions each . After 100 mg sitagliptin ( S ) or placebo ( P ) and an overnight fast , patients consumed a preload drink containing either 50 g d-xylose ( X ) or 80 mg sucralose ( control [ C ] ) , followed after 40 min by a mashed potato meal labeled with 13C-octanoate . Blood was sample d at intervals . Gastric emptying was determined . RESULTS Both peak blood glucose and the amplitude of glycemic excursion were lower after PX and SC than PC ( P < 0.01 for each ) and were lowest after SX ( P < 0.05 for each ) , while overall blood glucose was lower after SX than PC ( P < 0.05 ) . The postpr and ial insulin-to-glucose ratio was attenuated ( P < 0.05 ) and gastric emptying was slower ( P < 0.01 ) after d-xylose , without any effect of sitagliptin . Plasma GLP-1 concentrations were higher after d-xylose than control only before the meal ( P < 0.05 ) but were sustained postpr and ially when combined with sitagliptin ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS In type 2 diabetes , acute administration of a d-xylose preload reduces postpr and ial glycemia and enhances the effect of a DPP-4 inhibitor
In comparison with the baseline , NNS consumption was not found to increase blood glucose level , and its concentration gradually declined over the course of observation following NNS consumption .
The glycemic impact of NNS consumption did not differ by type of NNS but to some extent varied by participants ’ age , body weight , and diabetic status .
Conclusions NNS consumption was not found to elevate blood glucose level .
Background / objectives Nonnutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) are zero- or low-calorie alternatives to nutritive sweeteners , such as table sugars .
A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials was conducted to quantitatively synthesize existing scientific evidence on the glycemic impact of NNSs .