Results : We confirmed the importance of the 4 main factors influencing SC : ( 1 ) environmental factors , ( 2 ) genomic factors , ( 3 ) gene-environment interactions , and ( 4 ) evidence -based interventions .
The model demonstrates the complex network of factors influencing SC .
Background : Smoking behaviour is a major public health problem worldwide .
Several sources have confirmed the implication of genomic factors in smoking behaviour .
These factors interact both with environmental factors and interventions to develop a certain behaviour .
Objectives : Describing the environmental and genomic factors as well as the interventions influencing smoking cessation  ( SC ) and developing a working model incorporating the different factors influencing SC were our main objectives .
Smoking reduction, smoking cessation, and incidence of fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction in Denmark 1976–1998: a pooled cohort study
Objective : To analyse the effects of smoking reduction and smoking cessation on incidence of myocardial infa rct ion after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors . Design : Prospect i ve cohort study with record linkage to mortality and hospital registers . The association of individual change in smoking with myocardial infa rct ion was examined in Cox proportional hazard analyses with continuous heavy smokers ( ⩾5 cigarettes/day ) as reference . Setting : Pooled data from three population studies conducted in Copenhagen , Denmark . Participants : 10 956 men and 8467 women with complete information on smoking habits at two examinations five to ten years apart were followed up from the second examination for a first hospital admission or death from myocardial infa rct ion . Mean duration of follow up was 13.8 years . Main results : A total of 643 participants who were heavy smokers at baseline reduced their daily tobacco consumption by at least 50 % without quitting between first and second examination , and 1379 participants stopped smoking . During follow up 1658 men and 521 women experienced a fatal or non-fatal myocardial infa rct ion . After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors , people who stopped smoking had a decreased risk of myocardial infa rct ion , hazard ratio 0.71 ( 95 % confidence intervals 0.59 to 0.85 ) . Smoking reduction was not associated with reduced risk of myocardial infa rct ion , hazard ratio 1.15 ( 95 % confidence intervals 0.94 to 1.40 ) . These associations remained unchanged after controlling for baseline illness in different ways . Conclusions : Smoking cessation in healthy people  reduces the risk of a subsequent myocardial infa rct ion , whereas this study provides no evidence of benefit from reduction in the amount smoked
Results : We confirmed the importance of the 4 main factors influencing SC : ( 1 ) environmental factors , ( 2 ) genomic factors , ( 3 ) gene-environment interactions , and ( 4 ) evidence -based interventions .
The model demonstrates the complex network of factors influencing SC .
Background : Smoking behaviour is a major public health problem worldwide .
Several sources have confirmed the implication of genomic factors in smoking behaviour .
These factors interact both with environmental factors and interventions to develop a certain behaviour .
Objectives : Describing the environmental and genomic factors as well as the interventions influencing smoking cessation  ( SC ) and developing a working model incorporating the different factors influencing SC were our main objectives .