There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
A school-based randomized controlled trial to improve physical activity among Iranian high school girls
Background  Physical activity ( PA ) rates decline precipitously during the high school years and are consistently lower among adolescent girls than adolescent boys . Due to cultural barriers , this problem might be exacerbated in female Iranian adolescents . However , little intervention research has been conducted to try to increase PA participation rates with this population . Because PA interventions in schools have the potential to reach many children and adolescents , this study reports on PA intervention research conducted in all-female Iranian high schools . Methods A r and omized controlled trial was conducted to examine the effects of two six-month tailored interventions on potential determinants of  PA and PA behavior .  Students ( N = 161 ) were r and omly allocated to one of three conditions : an intervention based on Pender 's Health Promotion model ( HP ) , an intervention based on an integration of the health promotion model and selected constructs from the Transtheoretical model ( THP ) , and a control group ( CON ) . Measures were administered prior to the intervention , at post-intervention and at a six-month follow-up . Results Repeated measure ANOVAs showed a significant interaction between group and time for perceived benefits , self efficacy , interpersonal norms , social support , behavioral processes , and PA behavior , indicating that both intervention groups significantly improved across the 24-week intervention , whereas the control group did not . Participants in the THP group showed greater use of counter conditioning and stimulus control at post-intervention and at follow-up . While there were no significant differences in PA between the HP and CON groups at follow-up , a significant difference was still found between the THP and the CON group . Conclusion This study provides the first evidence of the effectiveness of a PA intervention based on Pender 's HP model combined with selected aspects of the TTM on potential determinants to increase PA among Iranian high school girls
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .