Overall , the current literature supports clearly the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the seven chronic conditions identified .
Moreover , higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk for premature all-cause mortality .
The current Canadian guidelines appear to be appropriate to reduce the risk for the seven chronic conditions identified above and all-cause mortality
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults .
Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular disease , stroke , hypertension , colon cancer , breast cancer , type 2 diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ) and osteoporosis ) .
The strength of the relationship between physical activity and specific health outcomes is evaluated critically .
Physical activity and breast cancer risk in hispanic and non-hispanic white women.
To investigate breast cancer risk in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White women , the authors conducted a population -based case-control study of New Mexican women during 1992 - 1994 using incident breast cancer cases aged 35 - 74 years and frequency-matched controls selected using r and om digit dialing .  Activity type and weekly duration of usual nonoccupational physical activity were used to calculate weekly  metabolic equivalent (MET)-hours of total and vigorous physical activity ( > or = 5 METs ) . Conditional logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the relative risk of breast cancer for levels of physical activity and to assess the difference in effects by ethnicity , body mass index , energy intake , and menopausal status . Vigorous physical activity was associated with reduced breast cancer risk in both Hispanic and non-Hispanic White women . Women in the highest category of vigorous activity had lower risk of breast cancer ( adjusted odds ratio = 0.34 , 95 % confidence interval : 0.22 , 0.51 for Hispanic ; adjusted odds ratio = 0.60 , 95 % confidence interval : 0.41 , 0.89 for non-Hispanic White women ) compared with women reporting no vigorous physical activity . Both pre- and postmenopausal Hispanic women showed decreasing risk with increasing level of activity .  Physical activity was protective only among postmenopausal non-Hispanic White women . The effects of physical activity were independent from reproductive factors , usual body mass index , body mass index at age 18 , adult weight gain , and total energy intake
Overall , the current literature supports clearly the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the seven chronic conditions identified .
Moreover , higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk for premature all-cause mortality .
The current Canadian guidelines appear to be appropriate to reduce the risk for the seven chronic conditions identified above and all-cause mortality
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults .
Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular disease , stroke , hypertension , colon cancer , breast cancer , type 2 diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ) and osteoporosis ) .
The strength of the relationship between physical activity and specific health outcomes is evaluated critically .