Controlled trials on infant neurodevelopment were lacking ; gestational iodine supplementation reduced maternal thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin and in some studies prevented a rise in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone .
Iodine supplementation improves some maternal thyroid indices and may benefit aspects of cognitive function in school-age children , even in marginally iodine-deficient areas .
BACKGROUND Although the detrimental effects of severe iodine deficiency are well recognised , the benefits of correcting mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency are uncertain .
OBJECTIVES We undertook a systematic review of the impact of iodine supplementation in population s with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency .
Infant neurocognitive development is independent of the use of iodised salt or iodine supplements given during pregnancy.
The benefits of iodine supplements during pregnancy remain controversial in areas with a mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency . The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of improving iodine intakes , with iodised salt ( IS ) or iodine supplements , in pregnant Spanish women . A total of 131 pregnant women in their first trimester were r and omly assigned to three groups : ( 1 ) IS in cooking and at the table , ( 2 ) 200 μg potassium iodide (KI)/d or ( 3 ) 300 μg KI/d . No differences were found in thyroid-stimulating hormone ( TSH ) , free thyroxine ( FT4 ) , free triiodothyronine ( FT3 ) or thyroid volume ( TV ) between the three groups . Regardless of the group in which women were included , those who had been taking IS for at least 1 year before becoming pregnant had a significantly lower TV in the third trimester ( P= 0.01 ) and a significantly higher urinary iodine in the first ( 173.7 ( sd 81.8 ) v. 113.8 ( sd 79.6 ) μg/l , P= 0.001 ) and third trimesters ( 206.3 ( sd 91.2 ) v. 160.4 ( sd 87.7 ) μg/l , P= 0.03 ) . Also , no differences were seen in TSH , FT4 or FT3 . Children 's neurological development was not significantly associated with the consumption of IS for at least 1 year before becoming pregnant and no differences were found according to the treatment group . In conclusion , in pregnant women with insufficient iodine intake , the intake of IS before becoming pregnant was associated with a better maternal thyroid function . The form of iodide intake was not associated with maternal thyroid function or children 's neurological development
Controlled trials on infant neurodevelopment were lacking ; gestational iodine supplementation reduced maternal thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin and in some studies prevented a rise in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone .
Iodine supplementation improves some maternal thyroid indices and may benefit aspects of cognitive function in school-age children , even in marginally iodine-deficient areas .
BACKGROUND Although the detrimental effects of severe iodine deficiency are well recognised , the benefits of correcting mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency are uncertain .
OBJECTIVES We undertook a systematic review of the impact of iodine supplementation in population s with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency .