The quality of the PROMs varied greatly , with Satisfaction most commonly measured utilizing non-st and ardized locally-devised tools ; the EuroQol five-dimensions question naire ( EuroQoL-5D ) and 36-Item Short-Form ( SF-36 ) cited most frequently to capture QoL ; and the Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) to capture Pain .
APPs utilized a multiplicity of PROMs across a range of MSK disorders .
OBJECTIVE Advanced practice physiotherapists ( APPs ) , also known as extended scope physiotherapists , provide a new model of service delivery for musculoskeletal ( MSK ) disorders .
Research to date has largely focused on health service efficiencies , with less emphasis on patient outcomes .
The present systematic review aim ed to identify the  patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) being utilized by APPs .
A systematic review of outcome tools used to measure lower leg conditions.
BACKGROUND CONTEXT A variety of self-report and physical performance-based outcome measures are commonly used to assess progress and recovery in the lower leg , ankle , and foot . A requisite attribute of any outcome measure is its ability to detect change in a condition , a construct known as " responsiveness " . There is a lack of consistency in how responsiveness is defined in all outcome measures . PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to review the currently used recovery outcome measures for lower leg , ankle and foot conditions in order to determine and report recommended responsiveness values . METHODS A systematic literature search that included electronic search es of PubMed , CINAHL and SportD iscus as well extensive cross-referencing was performed in January , 2013 . Studies were included if each involved : 1 ) a prospect i ve , longitudinal study of any design ; 2 ) any condition associated with the lower leg , ankle or foot ; 3 ) a measure of responsiveness ; and 4 ) was an acceptable type of outcome measure ( eg . self-report , physical performance , or clinician report ) . The quality of the included articles was assessed by two independent authors using the responsiveness sub-component of the Consensus-based St and ards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments ( COSMIN ) . RESULTS Sixteen different studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review . The most commonly used outcome measures were the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale . Responsiveness was calculated in a variety of methods including effect size , st and ardized response mean , minimal clinical ly important difference/ importance , minimal detectable change , and minimal important change . CONCLUSION Based on the findings of this systematic review there is a lack of consistency for reporting responsiveness among recovery measures used in the lower leg , ankle or foot studies . It is possible that the variability of conditions that involve the lower leg , ankle and foot contribute to the discrepancies found in reporting responsiveness values . Further research must be conducted in order to st and ardize reporting measures for responsiveness . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2a
The quality of the PROMs varied greatly , with Satisfaction most commonly measured utilizing non-st and ardized locally-devised tools ; the EuroQol five-dimensions question naire ( EuroQoL-5D ) and 36-Item Short-Form ( SF-36 ) cited most frequently to capture QoL ; and the Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) to capture Pain .
APPs utilized a multiplicity of PROMs across a range of MSK disorders .
OBJECTIVE Advanced practice physiotherapists ( APPs ) , also known as extended scope physiotherapists , provide a new model of service delivery for musculoskeletal ( MSK ) disorders .
Research to date has largely focused on health service efficiencies , with less emphasis on patient outcomes .
The present systematic review aim ed to identify the  patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) being utilized by APPs .