There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
The COPE Healthy Lifestyles TEEN program: feasibility, preliminary efficacy, & lessons learned from an after school group intervention with overweight adolescents.
INTRODUCTION There has been a paucity of theory-based interventions to improve health outcomes in overweight adolescents . Therefore , two intervention studies were conducted to : ( a ) determine the feasibility of implementing the Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment ( COPE ) Healthy Lifestyles Thinking , Emotions , Exercise , and Nutrition ( TEEN ) program with overweight adolescents ; ( b ) obtain feedback that could be used to refine the program ; and ( c ) examine the preliminary efficacy of the COPE program on the adolescents ' weight and body mass index ( BMI ) . METHOD Phase I and Phase II clinical trials were conducted with 23 overweight teens . The Phase 1 trial used a pre-experimental design with one group of 11 urban adolescents . The Phase 2 trial was conducted with 12 suburban teens using a r and omized controlled pilot study . COPE teens received a 15-session cognitive-behavioral skills building program that included physical activity , while the control group received an attention control program .  Weight change and BMI were the key outcomes . RESULTS COPE teens experienced a significantly greater reduction in weight and BMI than did teens in the control group , who gained weight over time . Although the COPE program was well received by all of the teens , retention of subjects across time and parent involvement in the program were challenges in the urban high school . DISCUSSION These studies provide preliminary data to indicate that the implementation of COPE is feasible and may lead to a reduction in weight and BMI in overweight teens . Implementing COPE within the context of the school day may be more successful in sustaining adolescent involvement in the program versus using an after-school format
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .