The pooled main outcomes by r and om-effects model showed significant improvements in HbA1c , self-efficacy , and diabetes knowledge , but not in BMI .
As for quality of life , no conclusions can be drawn as the pooled outcome became the opposite with reduced heterogeneity after one study was excluded .
No significant publication bias was found in the main outcomes .
AIM To synthesize the effects of theory-based self-management educational interventions on patients with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) in r and omized controlled trials .
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a common chronic disease causing complications that put a heavy burden on society and reduce the quality of life of patients .
Good self-management of diabetes can prevent complications and improve the quality of life of T2DM patients .
Patient education in type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled 1-year follow-up study.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of empowerment group education on  type 2 diabetes patients '  confidence in diabetes knowledge , self-efficacy , satisfaction with daily life , BMI and glycaemic control compared with the impact of routine diabetes care on the same factors at a 1-year follow-up . In this r and omized controlled trial , conducted at 7 primary care centres in central Sweden , 101 patients were r and omly assigned either to  empowerment group education ( intervention group )  or to  routine diabetes care ( control group )  . Out of these , 42 patients in the intervention group and 46 in the control group completed the 1-year follow-up . Before the intervention and at the 1-year follow-up , the patients answered a 27-item question naire , and weight , BMI and HbA1c were measured . The question naire comprised three domains : confidence in diabetes knowledge , self-efficacy and satisfaction with daily life . At 1-year follow-up , the level of confidence in diabetes knowledge was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group ( p<0.05 ) . No significant differences were found in self-efficacy , satisfaction with daily life , BMI and HbA1c between the intervention and control group . The empowerment group education did improve  patients ' confidence in diabetes knowledge with maintained glycaemic control despite the progressive nature of the disease
The pooled main outcomes by r and om-effects model showed significant improvements in HbA1c , self-efficacy , and diabetes knowledge , but not in BMI .
As for quality of life , no conclusions can be drawn as the pooled outcome became the opposite with reduced heterogeneity after one study was excluded .
No significant publication bias was found in the main outcomes .
AIM To synthesize the effects of theory-based self-management educational interventions on patients with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) in r and omized controlled trials .
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a common chronic disease causing complications that put a heavy burden on society and reduce the quality of life of patients .
Good self-management of diabetes can prevent complications and improve the quality of life of T2DM patients .