There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .
Effect of a Mediterranean diet on endothelial progenitor cells and carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes: Follow-up of a randomized trial
Background We assessed the long-term effects of a Mediterranean diet on circulating levels of endothelial progenitor cells ( EPCs ) and the carotid intima-media thickness ( CIMT ) in patients with type 2 diabetes . Design This was a parallel , two-arm , single-centre trial . Methods Two hundred and fifteen men and women with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were r and omized to a Mediterranean diet ( n = 108 ) or a low-fat diet ( n = 107 ) . The primary outcome measures were changes in the EPC count and the CIMT of the common carotid artery after the treatment period defined as the end of trial ( EOT ) . Results At the EOT , both the CD34+KDR+ and CD34+KDR+CD133 + counts had increased with the Mediterranean diet compared with the low-fat diet ( p < 0.05 for both ) . At the EOT evaluation , there was a significant ( p = 0.024 ) difference of −0.025 mm in the CIMT favouring the Mediterranean diet . Compared with the low-fat diet , the rate of regression in the CIMT was higher in the Mediterranean diet group ( 51 vs. 26 % ) , whereas the rate of progression was lower ( 25 vs. 50 % ) ( p = 0.032 for both ) . Changes in the CIMT were inversely correlated with the changes in EPC levels ( CD34+KDR+ , r = −0.24 , p = 0.020 ; CD34+KDR+CD133 + , r = −0.28 , p = 0.014 ) . At the EOT , changes in levels of HbA1c , HOMA , total cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and systolic blood pressure were significantly greater with the Mediterranean diet than with the low-fat diet . Conclusion Compared with a low-fat diet , a long-term trial with Mediterranean diet was associated with an increase in circulating EPCs levels and prevention of the progression of sub clinical atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes
There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .