In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Effect of short-duration physical activity and ventilation threshold on subjective appetite and short-term energy intake in boys
The purpose of this investigation was twofold : ( 1 ) to examine the role of low- to moderate-intensity , short- duration physical activity on subjective appetite and ( 2 ) to identify the role of and associations between ventilation threshold ( VeT ) and energy intake at a pizza lunch 30 min after glucose and whey protein drinks in normal weight boys . In 14 boys ( age : 12.5+/-0.4 years )  subjective appetite was measured before and after a 12 min walking protocol design ed to determine physical fitness based on the VeT. On a separate occasion food intake ( FI ) and subjective appetite were measured in response to sweetened preloads of either a SPLENDA Sucralose control , glucose or whey protein made up to 250 ml with water , given in r and om order to each boy , 2h after a st and ardized breakfast . Subjective average appetite and prospect i ve food consumption scores increased after physical activity . VeT was positively associated with FI at a pizza lunch consumed 30 min after glucose and whey protein drinks . Glucose and whey protein reduced FI similarly at lunch compared with control . In conclusion , appetite is increased by low- to moderate-intensity , short- duration physical activity and FI following glucose and protein preloads is positively associated with fitness levels in boys
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .