There were no significant effects of organisational  interventions on lipid profile , HbA1c , medication adherence or recurrent cardiovascular events .
Pooled results indicated that educational interventions were not associated with clear differences in any of the review outcomes .
The estimated effects of organisational interventions were compatible with improvements and no differences in several modifiable risk factors .
BACKGROUND People with stroke or transient ischaemic attack ( TIA ) are at increased risk of future stroke and other cardiovascular events .
Evidence -based strategies for secondary stroke prevention have been established .
However , the implementation of prevention strategies could be improved .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of stroke service interventions for implementing secondary stroke prevention strategies on modifiable risk factor control , including patient adherence to prescribed medications , and the occurrence of secondary cardiovascular events .
Ethnic Differences in Behavioural Risk Factors for Stroke: Implications for Health Promotion
Objectives . Ethnic minority groups are at a higher risk of stroke and heart disease . However , design ing effective prevention strategies requires responding to the needs of different ethnic groups . The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of four behavioural risk factors ( smoking , drinking , exercise and weight ) for stroke among Black Caribbeans , Black Africans and Whites , and also to examined reported willingness to change these behaviours . Design . A r and om sample of 311 Black Caribbean , 300 White , and 105 Black Africans aged 45 - 74 registered with 16 practice s in south London were surveyed in 1995 . Information was obtained on smoking , drinking and exercise patterns , body mass index and perceptions of being at risk of stroke , and willingness to change risk behaviour . Results . White respondents ( 31 % age and sex st and ardised prevalence ) were more likely to smoke than Black Caribbeans ( 23 % ) and Black Africans ( 10 % ) ( p < 0.001 ) . Self-reported rates of drinking were higher than the government 's ' sensible drinking levels ' for 19 % of Whites , 11 % of Black Caribbeans and 4 % Black Africans ( p < 0.001 ) . In contrast , fewer Whites ( 51 % ) were overweight ( BMI > 27 ) than Black Caribbeans ( 60 % ) and Black Africans ( 68 % ) ( p = 0.001 ) . A high proportion of smokers wished to give up ( 89 % Black African ; 83 % Black Caribbean ; 74 % White ) . A higher proportion of Black Caribbeans ( 35 % ) reported a willingness to reduce their alcohol intake compared to only 15 % of Whites ( p = 0.040 ) . There was a difference between groups in attitudes to weight reduction with 69 % Black Caribbean women expressing a desire to be thinner compared to 86 % Whites and 82 % Black Africans ( p = 0.051 ) . Conclusion . Strategies to reduce behavioural risk factors for heart attack and stroke need to emphasise different risk factors among ethnic groups , especially in relation to alcohol use in the White population and weight in the Black Caribbean population . Influencing the change of these behaviours requires working in partnership with local community groups
There were no significant effects of organisational  interventions on lipid profile , HbA1c , medication adherence or recurrent cardiovascular events .
Pooled results indicated that educational interventions were not associated with clear differences in any of the review outcomes .
The estimated effects of organisational interventions were compatible with improvements and no differences in several modifiable risk factors .
BACKGROUND People with stroke or transient ischaemic attack ( TIA ) are at increased risk of future stroke and other cardiovascular events .
Evidence -based strategies for secondary stroke prevention have been established .
However , the implementation of prevention strategies could be improved .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of stroke service interventions for implementing secondary stroke prevention strategies on modifiable risk factor control , including patient adherence to prescribed medications , and the occurrence of secondary cardiovascular events .