Based on the evidence review ed , low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets are not superior to other dietary approaches for weight loss .
These diets may have advantages related to appetite control , triglyceride reduction , and reduction in the use of medication in T2D management .
The evidence review ed showed mixed effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with some studies showing an increase .
There was no clear evidence for advantages regarding effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers .
Historically , low-carbohydrate ( CHO ) and very-low-CHO diets have been used for weight loss .
Recently , these diets have been promoted for type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) management .
This scientific statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence base available from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses on the effects of low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets on body weight , lipoprotein lipids , glycemic control , and other cardiometabolic risk factors .
Effect of low carbohydrate high fat diet on LDL cholesterol and gene expression in normal-weight, young adults: A randomized controlled study.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The effects of a low carbohydrate/high fat ( LCHF ) diet on health are debated . This study aims to explore the effects of a diet with less than 20 g carbohydrates per day ( LCHF ) on plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) in young and healthy adults . The secondary aim is the assessment of lipid profile and peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( P BMC ) gene expression . METHODS This was a r and omized controlled parallel- design ed intervention study . Participants were either assigned to a three-week LCHF diet or a control group continuing habitual diet ad libitum , in both groups . RESULTS In total , 30 healthy normal weight participants completed the study . Nine subjects did not complete it due to adverse events or withdrawn consent . In the LCHF diet group ( n = 15 ) , plasma LDL-C increased from ( mean ± SD ) 2.2 ± 0.4 mmol/l before intervention to 3.1 ± 0.8 after , while in the control group ( n = 15 ) , LDL-C remained unchanged : 2.5 ± 0.8 mmol/l ( p < 0.001 between groups ) . There was a significant increase in apolipoprotein B , total cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , free fatty acids , uric acid and urea in the LCHF group versus controls . Plasma levels of triglycerides , lipoprotein ( a ) , glucose , C-peptide or C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , blood pressure , body weight or body composition did not differ between the groups . P BMC gene expression of sterol regulator element binding protein 1 ( SREBP-1 ) was increased in the LCHF group versus controls ( p ≤ 0.01 ) . The individual increase in LDL-C from baseline varied between 5 and 107 % in the LCHF group . CONCLUSIONS An LCHF diet for three weeks increased LDL-C with 44 % versus controls . The individual response on LCHF varied profoundly
Based on the evidence review ed , low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets are not superior to other dietary approaches for weight loss .
These diets may have advantages related to appetite control , triglyceride reduction , and reduction in the use of medication in T2D management .
The evidence review ed showed mixed effects on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with some studies showing an increase .
There was no clear evidence for advantages regarding effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers .
Historically , low-carbohydrate ( CHO ) and very-low-CHO diets have been used for weight loss .
Recently , these diets have been promoted for type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) management .
This scientific statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence base available from recent systematic review s and meta-analyses on the effects of low-CHO and very-low-CHO diets on body weight , lipoprotein lipids , glycemic control , and other cardiometabolic risk factors .