During walking , oxygen consumption ( ml O2/kg/min ) and heart rate ( beats/min ) increased with a higher walking speed and a more proximal amputation .
During walking , oxygen consumption ( ml O2/kg/min ) and heart rate ( beats/min ) increased with a higher walking speed and a more proximal amputation .
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review the literature on the metabolic costs of activities of daily living ( ADL ) in persons with a lower limb amputation ( LLA ) .
Energy expenditure and walking speed in lower limb amputees: a cross sectional study.
BACKGROUND Energy expenditure and walking speed are generally recommended for use as measures of status and outcome for walking . The objective of this study was to measure the  physiological cost index ( PCI ) and  comfort walking speed ( CWS )  at three levels of lower limb amputation : transfemoral , transtibial and Syme level , and the relationship of these physiological variables to prosthetic ambulation supported with walking aids and stump length . MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was a prospect i ve cross-sectional study .Eighty-nine individuals with lower limb amputation for reasons other than peripheral vascular disease ( PVD ) were recruited among patients at the Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics in University Clinical Center of Kosovo .  PCI  was assessed by five minutes of continuous indoor walking at CWS . RESULTS Significant differences were found in PCI ( F=29.87 , P < 0.001 ) and CWS ( F=19.33 , P < 0.001 ) among the three amputation groups . Prosthetic ambulation supported with crutches showed an important impact on PCI ( F=35.1 , P < 0.001 ) and CWS ( F=28.42 , P < 0.001 ) . Stump length was associated with significantly increased PCI ( r=0.53 , P = 0.02 ) and reduced CWS ( r=0.58 , P = 0.004 ) in transfemoral amputees . CONCLUSIONS 1 . A higher level of amputation is associated with less energy-efficient walking and with lower walking speed . 2 . Prosthetic ambulation supported with crutches has significant impact on increasing of energy expenditure and decreasing walking speed . 3 . Stump length is shown to have a major impact on PCI and CWS in transfemoral amputees
During walking , oxygen consumption ( ml O2/kg/min ) and heart rate ( beats/min ) increased with a higher walking speed and a more proximal amputation .
During walking , oxygen consumption ( ml O2/kg/min ) and heart rate ( beats/min ) increased with a higher walking speed and a more proximal amputation .
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review the literature on the metabolic costs of activities of daily living ( ADL ) in persons with a lower limb amputation ( LLA ) .