Data showed improvements secondary to exercise in ' physical function ' and ' general health ' .
The other domains - ' role physical ' , ' bodily pain ' , ' vitality ' , ' social ' , ' role emotional ' , and ' mental health ' - did not show improvement at six months .
Although results showed significant heterogeneity between trials , population s and outcomes were comparable overall , with findings relevant to the claudicant population .
High- quality evidence shows that exercise programmes provided important benefit compared with placebo or usual care in improving both pain-free and maximum walking distance in people with leg pain from IC who were considered to be fit for exercise intervention .
Exercise did not improve ABI , and we found no evidence of an effect of exercise on amputation or mortality .
Exercise may improve quality of life when compared with placebo or usual care .
BACKGROUND Exercise programmes are a relatively inexpensive , low-risk option compared with other , more invasive therapies for treatment of leg pain on walking ( intermittent claudication ( IC ) ) .
This is the fourth up date of a review first published in 1998 .
OBJECTIVES Our goal was to determine whether an exercise programme was effective in alleviating symptoms and increasing walking treadmill distances and walking times in people with intermittent claudication .
Secondary objectives were to determine whether exercise was effective in preventing deterioration of underlying disease , reducing cardiovascular events , and improving quality of life .
The effect of exercise training on ankle-brachial index in type 2 diabetes.
INTRODUCTION Though being physically active has associated with a healthier ankle-brachial index ( ABI ) in observational studies , ABI usually does not change with exercise training in patients with peripheral artery disease ( PAD ) . Less is known about the effect of exercise training on ABI in patients without PAD but at high risk due to the presence of type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) . METHODS Participants ( n = 140 ) with uncomplicated T2DM , and without known cardiovascular disease or PAD , aged 40 - 65 years , were r and omized to supervised aerobic and resistance training 3 times per week for 6 months or to a usual care control group . ABI was measured before and after the intervention . RESULTS Baseline ABI was 1.02 ± 0.02 in exercisers and 1.03 ± 0.01 in controls ( p = 0.57 ) . At 6 months , exercisers vs. controls improved ABI by 0.04 ± 0.02 vs. -0.03 ± 0.02 ( p = 0.001 ) . This change was driven by an increase in ankle pressures ( p < 0.01 ) with no change in brachial pressures ( p = 0.747 ) . In subgroup analysis , ABI increased in exercisers vs. controls among those with baseline ABI < 1.0 ( 0.14 ± 0.03 vs. 0.02 ± 0.02 , p = 0.004 ) , but not in those with a baseline ABI ≥1.0 ( p = 0.085 ) . The prevalence of ABI between 1.0 and 1.3 increased from 63 % to 78 % in exercisers and decreased from 62 % to 53 % in controls . Increased ABI correlated with decreased HbA1c , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , but the effect of  exercise on ABI change remained significant after adjustment for these changes ( β = 0.061 , p = 0.004 ) . CONCLUSION These data suggest a possible role for exercise training in the prevention or delay of PAD in T2DM , particularly among those starting with an ABI < 1.0 . Clinical trials.gov Registry Number : NCT00212303
Data showed improvements secondary to exercise in ' physical function ' and ' general health ' .
The other domains - ' role physical ' , ' bodily pain ' , ' vitality ' , ' social ' , ' role emotional ' , and ' mental health ' - did not show improvement at six months .
Although results showed significant heterogeneity between trials , population s and outcomes were comparable overall , with findings relevant to the claudicant population .
High- quality evidence shows that exercise programmes provided important benefit compared with placebo or usual care in improving both pain-free and maximum walking distance in people with leg pain from IC who were considered to be fit for exercise intervention .
Exercise did not improve ABI , and we found no evidence of an effect of exercise on amputation or mortality .
Exercise may improve quality of life when compared with placebo or usual care .
BACKGROUND Exercise programmes are a relatively inexpensive , low-risk option compared with other , more invasive therapies for treatment of leg pain on walking ( intermittent claudication ( IC ) ) .
This is the fourth up date of a review first published in 1998 .
OBJECTIVES Our goal was to determine whether an exercise programme was effective in alleviating symptoms and increasing walking treadmill distances and walking times in people with intermittent claudication .
Secondary objectives were to determine whether exercise was effective in preventing deterioration of underlying disease , reducing cardiovascular events , and improving quality of life .