Perioperative risk factors were inconsistently associated with developmental outcomes .
INTERPRETATION The literature on children undergoing surgery in early infancy suggests that infants with a single ventricle are at highest risk of adverse developmental outcomes .
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Children with complex congenital heart disease ( CHD ) are at increased risk of impaired developmental outcome .
Children with single-ventricle CHD have worse outcomes than children with two-ventricle CHD .
Children with two-ventricle CHD gradually grow out of their initial developmental impairment .
Perioperative factors are inconsistently associated with outcome
AIM ( 1 ) To systematic ally review the literature on developmental outcomes from infancy to adolescence of children with complex congenital heart disease ( CHD ) who underwent early surgery ; ( 2 ) to run a meta-regression analysis on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development , Second Edition Mental Developmental Index and Psychomotor Developmental Index ( PDI ) of infants up to 24 months and IQs of preschool-aged children to adolescents ; ( 3 ) to assess associations between perioperative risk factors and outcomes .
Neurodevelopment in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
OBJECTIVE To assess neurodevelopment in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome ( HLHS ) or other types of functionally single ventricle ( univentricular heart , UVH ) and to estimate the effect of possible clinical predictors on outcome . STUDY DESIGN A total of 22 patients with HLHS and 14 with UVH , surviving after palliative surgery performed in the same center , and 42 healthy control subjects were examined at a median age of 30.2 months neurologically and according to the Bayley Scales of Infant Development  in a population based prospect i ve neurodevelopmental follow-up study . RESULTS The mean Mental Developmental Index was significantly lower ( 89.9 ) in patients with HLHS than in control subjects ( 105.5 , P<.001 ) , whereas there was no difference between patients with UVH ( 98.5 ) and control subjects . The mean Psychomotor Developmental Index in patients with HLHS ( 80.7 , P<.001 ) as well as in those with UVH ( 94.5 , P=.016 ) was significantly inferior to that in control subjects ( 105.3 ) . CONCLUSIONS In patients with HLHS , mean Mental Developmental Index lags behind control subjects . Psychomotor Developmental Index is impaired in patients with both HLHS and UVH . Routine neurodevelopmental follow-up is recommended for this seriously ill patient group
Perioperative risk factors were inconsistently associated with developmental outcomes .
INTERPRETATION The literature on children undergoing surgery in early infancy suggests that infants with a single ventricle are at highest risk of adverse developmental outcomes .
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Children with complex congenital heart disease ( CHD ) are at increased risk of impaired developmental outcome .
Children with single-ventricle CHD have worse outcomes than children with two-ventricle CHD .
Children with two-ventricle CHD gradually grow out of their initial developmental impairment .
Perioperative factors are inconsistently associated with outcome
AIM ( 1 ) To systematic ally review the literature on developmental outcomes from infancy to adolescence of children with complex congenital heart disease ( CHD ) who underwent early surgery ; ( 2 ) to run a meta-regression analysis on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development , Second Edition Mental Developmental Index and Psychomotor Developmental Index ( PDI ) of infants up to 24 months and IQs of preschool-aged children to adolescents ; ( 3 ) to assess associations between perioperative risk factors and outcomes .