In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Effects of oral ingestion of sucralose on gut hormone response and appetite in healthy normal-weight subjects
Background / Objective : The sweet-taste receptor ( T1r2+T1r3 ) is expressed by enteroendocrine L-cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract . Application of sucralose ( a non-calorific , non-metabolisable sweetener ) to L-cells in vitro stimulates glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 secretion , an effect that is inhibited with co-administration of a T1r2+T1r3 inhibitor . We conducted a r and omised , single-blinded , crossover study in eight healthy subjects to investigate whether oral ingestion of sucralose could stimulate L-cell-derived GLP-1 and peptide YY ( PYY ) release in vivo . Methods : Fasted subjects were studied on 4 study days in r and om order . Subjects consumed 50 ml of either water , sucralose ( 0.083 % w/v ) , a non-sweet , glucose-polymer matched for sweetness with sucralose addition ( 50 % w/v maltodextrin+0.083 % sucralose ) or a modified sham-feeding protocol ( MSF = oral stimulation ) of sucralose ( 0.083 % w/v ) . Appetite ratings and plasma GLP-1 , PYY , insulin and glucose were measured at regular time points for 120 min . At 120 min , energy intake at a buffet meal was measured . Results : Sucralose ingestion did not increase plasma GLP-1 or PYY . MSF of sucralose did not elicit a cephalic phase response for insulin or GLP-1 .  Maltodextrin ingestion significantly increased insulin and glucose compared with water ( P<0.001 ) . Appetite ratings and energy intake were similar for all groups . Conclusions : At this dose , oral ingestion of sucralose does not increase plasma GLP-1 or PYY concentrations and hence , does not reduce appetite in healthy subjects . Oral stimulation with sucralose had no effect on GLP-1 , insulin or appetite
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .