Scanning electron microscopy revealed partial removal of the smear layer or an etching effect of dentin as a result of the application of hemostatic agents on dentin .
PRACTICAL IMPLICATION S Adhesive procedures may be affected adversely when performed on dentin and enamel contaminated by hemostatic agents .
Hemostatic agents may induce changes in the dentin surface morphology .
The results of this review indicate that the bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems is affected more negatively than is that of etch- and -rinse systems .
BACKGROUND Hemostatic agents have been used clinical ly in dentistry for many years to control bleeding .
Effect of saliva contamination on the microshear bond strength of one-step self-etching adhesive systems to dentin.
This study evaluated the effect of saliva contamination and decontamination methods on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etching adhesive systems . Three commercially available " all-in-one " adhesives ( One Up Bond F , Xeno III and Adper Prompt ) and one resin composite ( Filtek Z-250 ) were used . Third molars stored in distilled water with 0.5 %  thymol at 4 degrees C were ground with # 600 SiC paper under running water to produce a st and ardized smear layer . The specimens were r and omly divided into groups according to contamination methods : no contamination , which was the control ( C ) ; contamination of the adhesive surface with fresh saliva before light curing ( A ) and contamination of the adhesive surface with fresh saliva after light curing ( B ) . Each contamination group was further subdivided into three subgroups according to the decontamination method : A1-Saliva was removed by a gentle air blast and the adhesive was light-cured ; A2-Saliva was rinsed for 10 seconds , gently air-dried and the was adhesive light-cured ; A3-Saliva was rinsed and dried as in A2 , then the adhesive was re-applied to the dentin surface and light-cured ; B1-Saliva was removed with a gentle air blast ; B2-Saliva was rinsed and dried ; B3-Saliva was rinsed , dried and the adhesive was re-applied and light cured . Tygon tubes filled with resin composite were placed on each surface and light cured . All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours . Microshear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine ( EZ test ) , and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan test to make comparisons among the groups ( p<0.05 ) . After debonding , five specimens were selected and examined in a scanning electron microscope to evaluate the modes of fracture . The A2 subgroup result ed in the lowest bond strength . For One Up Bond F and Adper Prompt , there was no significant difference between subgroup A1 and the control , and subgroup A3 and the control ( p>0.05 ) . Bond strengths of all B groups were significantly lower compared to the controls ( p<0.05 ) . For Xeno III , A1 subgroup showed the greatest decrease in bond strength as compared to the control ( p<0.05 ) . On the other h and , it showed more resistance to salivary contamination after adhesive curing . There was no statistically significant difference among the control groups ( p>0.05 )
Scanning electron microscopy revealed partial removal of the smear layer or an etching effect of dentin as a result of the application of hemostatic agents on dentin .
PRACTICAL IMPLICATION S Adhesive procedures may be affected adversely when performed on dentin and enamel contaminated by hemostatic agents .
Hemostatic agents may induce changes in the dentin surface morphology .
The results of this review indicate that the bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems is affected more negatively than is that of etch- and -rinse systems .
BACKGROUND Hemostatic agents have been used clinical ly in dentistry for many years to control bleeding .