Conclusions This meta‐ analysis provides level 1 evidence that vitamin D supplementation may reduce chronic low‐ grade inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes .
Background Vitamin D has been proposed to have anti‐inflammatory properties ; however , the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation in type 2 diabetes has not been established .
Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta‐ analysis was to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and to identify relevant gaps in knowledge .
The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammatory and Hemostatic Markers and Disease Activity in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial
Objective . Systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory autoimmune disease . Vitamin D has potent immunomodulatory properties that support its use in the treatment of autoimmune conditions , including SLE . We assessed vitamin D status in patients with SLE and determined alterations in inflammatory and hemostatic markers and disease activity before and after vitamin D supplementation . Methods . Patients with SLE ( n = 267 ) were r and omized 2:1 to receive either oral cholecalciferol 2000 IU/day or placebo for 12 months . Outcome measures included assessment of alterations in levels of proinflammatory cytokines and hemostatic markers , and improvement in disease activity before and after 12 months of supplementation . Disease activity was measured by the SLE Disease Activity Index . Vitamin D levels were measured by Liaison immunoassay ( normal 30–100 ng/ml ) . Serum levels between 10 and 30 ng/ml were classified as vitamin D insufficiency and levels < 10 ng/ml as vitamin D deficiency . Results . The mean 25(OH)D level at baseline was 19.8 ng/ml in patients compared to 28.7 ng/ml in controls . The overall prevalence of suboptimal and deficient 25(OH)D serum levels among patients with SLE at baseline was 69 % and 39 % , respectively . Lower 25(OH)D levels correlated significantly with higher SLE disease activity . At 12 months of therapy , there was a significant improvement in levels of inflammatory and hemostatic markers as well as disease activity in the treatment group compared to the placebo group . Conclusion . Vitamin D supplementation in patients with SLE is recommended because increased vitamin D levels seem to ameliorate inflammatory and hemostatic markers and show a tendency toward subsequent clinical improvement . Clinical Trial Registry NCT01425775
Conclusions This meta‐ analysis provides level 1 evidence that vitamin D supplementation may reduce chronic low‐ grade inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes .
Background Vitamin D has been proposed to have anti‐inflammatory properties ; however , the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation in type 2 diabetes has not been established .
Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta‐ analysis was to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and to identify relevant gaps in knowledge .