Subgroup analysis revealed that increasing dietary ALA tends to elevate CRP concentration  in healthy subjects .
However , the null effect of ALA supplementation on other inflammatory markers was not changed in various subgroups , indicating that the results are stable .
Meta-regression results revealed a negative relationship between the effect size on CRP and its baseline concentration .
No significant publication bias was observed for all inflammatory markers as suggested by funnel plot and Begg ’s test .
Conclusion Our meta- analysis did not find any beneficial effect of ALA supplementation  on reducing inflammatory markers including TNF , IL-6 , CRP , sICAM-1 , and sVCAM-1 .
However , in healthy subjects  , ALA supplementation might increase CRP concentration
Purpose The aim of the current meta- analysis was to investigate the effect of increasing dietary ALA intake on the blood concentration of inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) , interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( sICAM-1 ) , and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ( sVCAM-1 )  in adults .
Flaxseed oil supplementation decreases C-reactive protein levels in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Malnutrition and chronic inflammation in dialysis patients negatively impact their survival prognosis , and nutrients , such as omega-3 oils , are postulated to reduce proinflammatory response . In this r and omized , double-blind , multicenter , placebo-controlled trial , we investigated the effects of flaxseed oil ( FO ) on the inflammatory state of patients with chronic renal failure undergoing renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis ( HD ) . We hypothesized that FO supplementation lowers C-reactive protein ( CRP ) levels .  One hundred sixty patients with chronic renal failure who received HD therapy of 3 dialysis units over a 3-month period in South Brazil were included . The patients received blind doses of FO ( 1 g twice a day ) and placebo ( mineral oil , 1 g twice a day ) for a period of 120 days . Inflammation was observed in 89 patients ( 61 % ) at the beginning of the study . There was a correlation between CRP and the body mass index ( R(s ) = 0.22 ; P = .022 ) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( R(s ) = -0.23 ; P = .032 ) , and the CRP levels decreased significantly over time in the group that received FO compared with the control group ( P < .001 ) . During the study period , 33.3 % of the FO group changed from an inflamed to a not-inflamed category , whereas only 16.9 % changed in the mineral oil group ( P = .04 ) . We conclude that the administration of FO decreases the CRP levels and that inflammation in HD patients appears to be correlated to their body mass index and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels . Studies with a larger number of patients and over a longer duration are necessary to corroborate these findings
Subgroup analysis revealed that increasing dietary ALA tends to elevate CRP concentration  in healthy subjects .
However , the null effect of ALA supplementation on other inflammatory markers was not changed in various subgroups , indicating that the results are stable .
Meta-regression results revealed a negative relationship between the effect size on CRP and its baseline concentration .
No significant publication bias was observed for all inflammatory markers as suggested by funnel plot and Begg ’s test .
Conclusion Our meta- analysis did not find any beneficial effect of ALA supplementation  on reducing inflammatory markers including TNF , IL-6 , CRP , sICAM-1 , and sVCAM-1 .
However , in healthy subjects  , ALA supplementation might increase CRP concentration
Purpose The aim of the current meta- analysis was to investigate the effect of increasing dietary ALA intake on the blood concentration of inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) , interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( sICAM-1 ) , and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ( sVCAM-1 )  in adults .