Only the DASH and PRWE have evidence of reliability , validity , and responsiveness in patients with traumatic injuries to the h and and wrist ; other measures either have incomplete evidence or evidence gathered in a nontraumatic population .
Conclusions : The DASH and PRWE both have evidence of reliability , validity , and responsiveness in a h and and wrist trauma population .
Other PROMs used to assess h and and wrist trauma patients do not .
Background : Patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) are important tools for assessing outcomes following injuries to the h and and wrist .
Many commonly used PROMs have no evidence of reliability , validity , and responsiveness in a h and and wrist trauma population .
This systematic review examines the PROMs used in the assessment of h and and wrist trauma patients , and the evidence for reliability , validity , and responsiveness of each measure in this population .
Norian SRS cement compared with conventional fixation in distal radial fractures. A randomized study.
BACKGROUND A prospect i ve , r and omized multicenter study was conducted to evaluate closed reduction and immobilization with and without Norian SRS ( Skeletal Repair System ) cement in the management of distal radial fractures .  Norian SRS is a calcium-phosphate bone cement that is injectable , hardens in situ , and cures by a crystallization reaction to form dahllite , a carbonated apatite equivalent to bone mineral . METHODS A total of 323 patients with a distal radial fracture were r and omized to treatment with or without Norian SRS cement . Stratification factors included fracture type ( intra-articular or extra-articular ) , h and dominance , bone density , and the surgeon 's preferred conventional treatment ( cast or external fixator ) . The subjects receiving Norian SRS underwent a closed reduction followed by injection of the cement percutaneously or through a limited open approach . Wrist motion , beginning two weeks postoperatively , was encouraged . Control subjects , who had not received a Norian SRS injection , underwent closed reduction and application of a cast or external fixator for six to eight weeks . Supplemental Kirschner wires were used in specific instances in both groups . Patients were followed clinical ly and radiographically at one , two , four , and between six and eight weeks and at three , six , and twelve months . Patients rated pain and the function of the h and with use of a visual analog scale . Quality of life was assessed with use of the Short Form-36 ( SF-36 ) health status question naire . Complications were recorded . RESULTS Significant clinical differences were seen at six to eight weeks postoperatively , with better grip strength , wrist range of motion , digital motion , use of the h and , and social and emotional function , and less swelling in the patients treated with Norian SRS than in the control group ( p < 0.05 ) . By three months , these differences had normalized except for digital motion , which remained significantly better in the group treated with Norian SRS ( p = 0.015 ) . At one year , no clinical differences were detected . Radiographically , the average change in ulnar variance was greater in the patients treated with Norian SRS ( + 2.0 mm ) than in the control group ( + 1.4 mm ) ( p < 0.02 ) . No differences were seen in the total number of complications , including loss of reduction . The infection rate , however , was significantly higher ( p < 0.001 ) in the control group ( 16.7 % ) than in the group treated with Norian SRS ( 2.5 % ) and the infections were always related to external fixator pins or Kirschner wires . Four patients with intra-articular extravasation of cement were identified ; no sequelae were observed at twenty-four months . Cement was seen in extraosseous locations in 112 ( 70 % ) of the SRS-treated patients ; loss of reduction was highest in this subgroup ( 37 % ) . The extraosseous material had disappeared in eighty-three of the 112 patients by twelve months . CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that fixation of a distal radial fracture with Norian SRS cement may allow for accelerated rehabilitation . A limited open approach and supplemental fixation with Kirschner wires are recommended . Additional or alternate fixation is necessary for complex articular fractures
Only the DASH and PRWE have evidence of reliability , validity , and responsiveness in patients with traumatic injuries to the h and and wrist ; other measures either have incomplete evidence or evidence gathered in a nontraumatic population .
Conclusions : The DASH and PRWE both have evidence of reliability , validity , and responsiveness in a h and and wrist trauma population .
Other PROMs used to assess h and and wrist trauma patients do not .
Background : Patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) are important tools for assessing outcomes following injuries to the h and and wrist .
Many commonly used PROMs have no evidence of reliability , validity , and responsiveness in a h and and wrist trauma population .
This systematic review examines the PROMs used in the assessment of h and and wrist trauma patients , and the evidence for reliability , validity , and responsiveness of each measure in this population .