Personal financial incentives can change habitual health-related behaviors and help reduce health inequalities .
However , their role in reducing disease burden is potentially limited given current evidence that effects dissipate beyond three months post-incentive removal
OBJECTIVES Uncertainty remains about whether personal financial incentives could achieve sustained changes in health-related behaviors that would reduce the fast-growing global non-communicable disease burden .
This review aims to estimate whether : i. financial incentives achieve sustained changes in smoking , eating , alcohol consumption and physical activity ; ii .
effectiveness is modified by ( a ) the target behavior , ( b ) incentive value and attainment certainty , ( c ) recipients ' deprivation level .
Physical activity and cause-specific mortality in men: Further evidence from the Whitehall study
Reports of studies relating physical activity to stroke and cancer sub-types indicate inconsistent findings . Some are hampered by low statistical power , owing to a low number of events , and a failure to adjust for potential confounding variables . The purpose of this study was to relate physical activity to 12 mortality endpoints in a prospect i ve cohort study of 11,663 men aged 40–64 years who responded to an enquiry about travel activity during a baseline medical examination conducted between 1967 and 1969 . During 25 years of follow-up there were 4672  deaths .  Travel activity  was inversely related to mortality attributable to all-causes , coronary heart disease , respiratory disease and lung cancer , whereas the association with stroke was positive . There was evidence for attenuation of some of these associations on adjustment for potentially confounding variables . Our simplistic measure of physical activity may , in part , explain the weak associations seen
Personal financial incentives can change habitual health-related behaviors and help reduce health inequalities .
However , their role in reducing disease burden is potentially limited given current evidence that effects dissipate beyond three months post-incentive removal
OBJECTIVES Uncertainty remains about whether personal financial incentives could achieve sustained changes in health-related behaviors that would reduce the fast-growing global non-communicable disease burden .
This review aims to estimate whether : i. financial incentives achieve sustained changes in smoking , eating , alcohol consumption and physical activity ; ii .
effectiveness is modified by ( a ) the target behavior , ( b ) incentive value and attainment certainty , ( c ) recipients ' deprivation level .