PRT had a large positive effect on strength ( 41 trials , 1955 participants ) , but there was statistical heterogeneity that was not explained by differences in study quality , participant characteristics or the exercise program .
REVIEW ER 'S CONCLUSIONS PRT appears to be an effective intervention to increase strength in older people and has a positive effect on some functional limitations .
However , the effect of this intervention on more substantive outcomes such as measures of disability or HRQOL remains unclear .
BACKGROUND Muscle weakness in old age , is associated with physical disability and an increased risk of falls .
Progressive resistance strength ( PRT ) training exercises ( i.e. movements performed against a specific external force that is regularly increased during training ) are design ed to increase strength in older people .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of PRT on measures of physical disability , functional limitation and impairment in older people  , and identify adverse events .
Resistance exercise and bone turnover in elderly men and women.
PURPOSE This investigation examined the effect of 6 months of high- or low-intensity resistance exercise ( REX ) on bone mineral density ( BMD ) and biochemical markers of bone turnover in adults aged 60 - 83 yr . METHODS Sixty-two men and women ( 68.4 + /- 6 yr ) were stratified for strength and r and omly assigned to a control ( CON , N = 16 ) , low-intensity ( LEX , N = 24 ) , or high-intensity ( HEX , N = 22 ) group . Subjects participated in 6 months of progressive REX training . Subjects trained at either 50 % of their one repetition maximum ( 1-RM ) for 13 repetitions ( LEX ) or 80 % of 1-RM for 8 repetitions ( HEX ) 3 times x wk(-1 ) for 24 wk . One set each of 12 exercises was performed . 1-RM was measured for eight exercises . BMD was measured for total body , femoral neck , and lumbar spine by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry ( DXA ) . Serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase ( BAP ) , osteocalcin ( OC ) , and pyridinoline cross-links ( PYD ) were measured . RESULTS 1-RM significantly increased for all exercises tested for both the HEX and LEX groups ( P < and = 0.050 ) . The percent increases in total strength ( sum of all eight 1-RMs ) were 17.2 % and 17.8 % for the LEX and HEX groups , respectively . Bone mineral density ( BMD ) of the femoral neck significantly ( P < 0.05 ) increased by 1.96 % for the HEX group . No other significant changes for BMD were found . OC increased by 25.1 % and 39.0 % for the LEX and HEX groups , respectively ( P < 0.05 ) . BAP significantly ( P < 0.05 ) increased 7.1 % for the HEX group . CONCLUSION These data indicate high-intensity REX training was successful for improving BMD of the femoral neck in healthy elderly subjects . Also , these data suggest REX increased bone turnover , which over time may lead to further changes in BMD
PRT had a large positive effect on strength ( 41 trials , 1955 participants ) , but there was statistical heterogeneity that was not explained by differences in study quality , participant characteristics or the exercise program .
REVIEW ER 'S CONCLUSIONS PRT appears to be an effective intervention to increase strength in older people and has a positive effect on some functional limitations .
However , the effect of this intervention on more substantive outcomes such as measures of disability or HRQOL remains unclear .
BACKGROUND Muscle weakness in old age , is associated with physical disability and an increased risk of falls .
Progressive resistance strength ( PRT ) training exercises ( i.e. movements performed against a specific external force that is regularly increased during training ) are design ed to increase strength in older people .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of PRT on measures of physical disability , functional limitation and impairment in older people  , and identify adverse events .