Conclusion Based on available literature , evidence suggests that community-based interventions may reduce the incidence rate of T2DM and may positively affect anthropometric indices and HbA1C .
Due to the heterogeneity observed between trials we recommend more well- design ed RCTs with longer follow-up duration s be executed , to confirm whether community-based interventions lead to reduced T2DM events in the at-risk population of LMIC setting
Background The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) can have a substantial impact in low- and middle-income countries ( LMICs ) .
Community-based programs addressing diet , physical activity , and health behaviors have shown significant benefits on the prevention and management of T2DM , mainly in high-income countries .
However , their effects on preventing T2DM in the at-risk population of LMICs have not been thoroughly evaluated .
Empowerment Program for People With Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Background : Practicing a health-promoting lifestyle is believed to be effective for delaying or preventing the onset of diabetes . However , although empowerment interventions have proven effective for encouraging the adoption of a health-promoting lifestyle in people with diabetes , these interventions are rarely promoted to people with prediabetes . Purpose : The aims of this study were to develop an empowerment program for people with prediabetes and to examine its efficacy in terms of the adoption of a health-promoting lifestyle and improvements in blood sugar , body mass index , and self-efficacy . Methods : A r and omized controlled trial was conducted between May and December 2013 . A convenience sample of people with a fasting blood sugar level of 100–125 mg/dl during the previous 3 months was recruited from the health examination center of a hospital in Kaohsiung , Taiwan . Participants were assigned to either the experimental group or the control group using block r and omization with a block size of 8 . The experimental group ( n = 38 ) participated in a 4-month empowerment program ( the ABC empowerment program ) , which encouraged participants to practice a health-promoting lifestyle in three phases : awareness raising , behavior building , and results checking . The control group ( n = 40 ) received routine clinical care . Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics , independent t test , paired t test , and generalized estimated equations . Results : After controlling for the differences at baseline and considering the interaction between group and time from baseline to 1 week and 3 months after completing the intervention , the generalized estimating equation showed significantly larger improvements in a health-promoting lifestyle , blood sugar , and self-efficacy in the experimental group than in the control group ( p < .01 ) . Furthermore , the experimental group achieved a larger reduction in body mass index than the control group at 3 months after completing the intervention ( p = .001 ) . Conclusions / Implication s for Practice : The empowerment program was shown to have short-term , positive effects on behavioral , physical , and psychosocial outcomes in a Taiwan population with prediabetes . The results of this study provide a useful reference not only for healthcare personnel when implementing empowerment interventions in people with prediabetes but also for nursing educators and healthcare policymakers
Conclusion Based on available literature , evidence suggests that community-based interventions may reduce the incidence rate of T2DM and may positively affect anthropometric indices and HbA1C .
Due to the heterogeneity observed between trials we recommend more well- design ed RCTs with longer follow-up duration s be executed , to confirm whether community-based interventions lead to reduced T2DM events in the at-risk population of LMIC setting
Background The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) can have a substantial impact in low- and middle-income countries ( LMICs ) .
Community-based programs addressing diet , physical activity , and health behaviors have shown significant benefits on the prevention and management of T2DM , mainly in high-income countries .
However , their effects on preventing T2DM in the at-risk population of LMICs have not been thoroughly evaluated .