None of the interventions were significantly better than the others in lowering glucose parameters .
The Mediterranean diet reduced HbA1c significantly compared to usual care but not compared to the Palaeolithic diet .
The effect of alterations in dietary practice irrespective of weight loss on glycaemic control can not be concluded from the present review .
BACKGROUND Overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight for optimal glucose management , yet many find this difficult .
Determining whether alterations in dietary patterns irrespective of weight loss can aid glucose control has not been fully investigated .
METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis aim ing to determine the effects of a Mediterranean diet compared to other dietary interventions on glycaemic control irrespective of weight loss .
Effect of a high monounsaturated fatty acids diet and a Mediterranean diet on serum lipids and insulin sensitivity in adults with mild abdominal obesity.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diets high in monounsaturated fatty acids ( MUFA ) such as a Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by improving insulin sensitivity and serum lipids . Besides being high in MUFA , a Mediterranean diet also contains abundant plant foods , moderate wine and low amounts of meat and dairy products , which may also play a role . We compared the effects of a high MUFA-diet with a diet high in saturated fatty acids ( SFA ) and the additional effect of a Mediterranean diet on insulin sensitivity and serum lipids . METHODS AND RESULTS A r and omized parallel controlled-feeding trial was performed , in 60 non-diabetics ( 40 - 65 y ) with mild abdominal obesity . After a two week run-in diet high in SFA ( 19 energy-% ) , subjects were allocated to a high MUFA-diet ( 20 energy-% ) , a Mediterranean diet ( MUFA 21 energy-% ) , or the high SFA-diet , for eight weeks . The high MUFA and the Mediterranean diet did not affect fasting insulin concentrations . The high MUFA-diet reduced total cholesterol ( -0.41 mmol/L , 95 % CI -0.74 , -0.09 ) and LDL-cholesterol ( -0.38 mmol/L , 95 % CI -0.65 , -0.11 ) compared with the high SFA-diet , but not triglyceride concentrations . The Mediterranean diet increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations ( + 0.09 mmol/L , 95 % CI 0.0 , 0.18 ) and reduced the ratio of total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ( -0.39 , 95 % CI -0.62 , -0.16 ) compared with the high MUFA-diet . CONCLUSION Replacing a high SFA-diet with a high MUFA or a Mediterranean diet did not affect insulin sensitivity , but improved serum lipids . The Mediterranean diet was most effective , it reduced total and LDL-cholesterol , and also increased HDL-cholesterol and reduced total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio
None of the interventions were significantly better than the others in lowering glucose parameters .
The Mediterranean diet reduced HbA1c significantly compared to usual care but not compared to the Palaeolithic diet .
The effect of alterations in dietary practice irrespective of weight loss on glycaemic control can not be concluded from the present review .
BACKGROUND Overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight for optimal glucose management , yet many find this difficult .
Determining whether alterations in dietary patterns irrespective of weight loss can aid glucose control has not been fully investigated .
METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis aim ing to determine the effects of a Mediterranean diet compared to other dietary interventions on glycaemic control irrespective of weight loss .