The results showed that cognitive decline is strongly associated with frailty , being a probable main clinical outcome .
In this sense , any strategy aim ed at mitigating or reversing the incidence of frailty with ageing should take into account that physical and cognitive frailty seem to have similar temporal trajectories
The purpose of present study was to analyze the magnitude of the effect-size in the assessment of the cognitive status of population s over 60 years of age .
Validation and comparison of two frailty indexes: The MOBILIZE Boston Study.
OBJECTIVES To vali date two established frailty indexes and compare their ability to predict adverse outcomes in a diverse , elderly , community-dwelling sample of men and women . DESIGN Prospect i ve observational study . SETTING A diverse defined geographic area of Boston . PARTICIPANTS Seven hundred sixty-five community-dwelling participants in the Maintenance of Balance , Independent Living , Intellect , and Zest in the Elderly Boston Study . MEASUREMENTS Two published frailty indexes , recurrent falls , disability , overnight hospitalization , emergency department ( ED ) visits , chronic medical conditions , self-reported health , physical function , cognitive ability ( including executive function ) , and depression . One index was developed from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures ( SOF ) and the other from the Cardiovascular Health Study ( CHS ) . RESULTS The SOF frailty index classified 77.1 % as robust , 18.7 % as prefrail , and 4.2 % as frail . The CHS frailty index classified 51.2 % as robust , 38.8 % as prefrail , and 10.0 % as frail . Both frailty indexes ( SOF ; CHS ) were similar in their ability to predict key geriatric outcomes such as recurrent falls ( hazard ratio (HR)(frail)=2.2 , 95 % confidence interval (CI)=1.2 - 4.0 ; HR(frail)=1.9 , 95 % CI=1.2 - 3.1 ) , overnight hospitalization ( odds ratio (OR)(frail)=3.5 , 95 % CI=1.5 - 8.0 ; OR(frail)=4.4 , 95 % CI=2.4 - 8.2 ) , ED visits ( OR(frail)=3.5 , 95 % CI=1.4,8.8 ; OR(frail)=3.1 , 95 % CI=1.6 - 5.9 ) , and disability ( OR(frail)=5.4 , 95 % CI=2.3 - 12.3 ; OR(frail)=7.7 , 95 % CI=4.0 - 14.7 ) , as well as chronic medical conditions , physical function , cognitive ability , and depression . CONCLUSION Two established frailty indexes were vali date d using an independent elderly sample of diverse men and women ; both indexes were good at distinguishing geriatric conditions and predicting recurrent falls , overnight hospitalization , and ED visits according to level of frailty . Although both indexes are good measures of frailty , the simpler SOF index may be easier and more practical in a clinical setting
The results showed that cognitive decline is strongly associated with frailty , being a probable main clinical outcome .
In this sense , any strategy aim ed at mitigating or reversing the incidence of frailty with ageing should take into account that physical and cognitive frailty seem to have similar temporal trajectories
The purpose of present study was to analyze the magnitude of the effect-size in the assessment of the cognitive status of population s over 60 years of age .