The results revealed that findings are becoming increasingly nuanced with variations in levels of evidence related to ages of the children and characteristics of the specific treatment .
In addition , we focused our critique on generalization of treatment effects across setting s and time and on sample diversity ( with regard to ethnicity and levels of parent education ) in relation to the population .
Children of parents with higher levels of education than average appear to be overrepresented in the literature .
The purpose of this research was to up date the series of articles on evidence -based treatment for children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder that have appeared in this journal ( Evans , Owens & Bunford , 2014 ; Pelham & Fabiano , 2008 ; Pelham , Wheeler , & Chronis , 1998 ) .
Two novel CBTs for adolescents with ADHD: the value of planning skills
Adolescents with ADHD have planning problems , often affecting school- and social functioning . Evidence -based treatments for adolescents with ADHD are scarce and treatment drop-out rates are substantial . The effectiveness of two new , individual , short-term cognitive behavioral therapies ( CBT ) was investigated : One with an aim on improving planning skills  and one solution-focused treatment ( SFT ) without such an aim . Motivational Interviewing elements were added to both treatments to enhance treatment compliance . In a multi-center r and omized clinical trial , 159 adolescents ( 12–17 years ) with ADHD were r and omly assigned to one of both treatments . Pre- , post- and 3-month follow-up data were gathered on five domains : Parent-rated ADHD , planning problems and executive functioning ( primary outcomes ) , neuropsychological measures of planning , comorbid symptoms , general functioning , and teacher measures . Attrition was low in both treatments ( 5 % ) . Adolescents improved significantly between pre- and post-test with large effect sizes on all domains . Improvements remained stable or continued to improve from post-test to follow-up , also when controlling for medication use . Marginally significant differences were found in favor of the planning-focused treatment : parents and therapists evaluated this treatment more positively than SFT and the planning-focused treatment showed more reduction of parent-rated planning problems . Two new CBTs with integrated motivational components were feasible and attrition was low . ADHD symptoms and co-existing problems of the adolescents improved from pre-test to 3 months after treatment . As the planning-focused treatment was evaluated more positive and had marginal additional beneficial effects to SFT , especially planning-focused CBT seems promising to fill the gap in available treatments for adolescents with ADHD
The results revealed that findings are becoming increasingly nuanced with variations in levels of evidence related to ages of the children and characteristics of the specific treatment .
In addition , we focused our critique on generalization of treatment effects across setting s and time and on sample diversity ( with regard to ethnicity and levels of parent education ) in relation to the population .
Children of parents with higher levels of education than average appear to be overrepresented in the literature .
The purpose of this research was to up date the series of articles on evidence -based treatment for children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder that have appeared in this journal ( Evans , Owens & Bunford , 2014 ; Pelham & Fabiano , 2008 ; Pelham , Wheeler , & Chronis , 1998 ) .