Associations between objective ly measured total sedentary time and indicators of adiposity and motor development were predominantly null .
Associations between screen time and indicators of adiposity , motor or cognitive development , and psychosocial health were primarily unfavourable or null .
Associations between time spent seated ( e.g. , in car seats or strollers ) or in the supine position , and indicators of adiposity and motor development , were primarily unfavourable or null .
Conclusions These findings continue to support the importance of minimizing screen time for disease prevention and health promotion in the early years , but also highlight the potential cognitive benefits of interactive non-screen-based sedentary behaviours such as reading and storytelling .
Background The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationships between  sedentary behaviour ( SB ) and health indicators in children aged 0 to 4 years , and to determine what doses of SB ( i.e. , duration , patterns [ frequency , interruptions ] , and type ) were associated with health indicators .
Children's Television Exposure and Behavioral and Social Outcomes at 5.5 Years: Does Timing of Exposure Matter?
BACKGROUND . The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends children ≥2 years of age limit daily media exposure to ≤1 to 2 hours and not have a television set in children 's bedrooms . However , there are limited prospect i ve studies to address how timing of media exposure influences  children 's health . OBJECTIVE . Our goal was to examine relations among children 's early , concurrent , and sustained  television exposure  and behavioral and social skills outcomes at 5.5 years . METHODS . We analyzed data collected prospect ively from the Healthy Steps for Young Children national evaluation . Television exposure was defined as > 2 hours of daily use ( at 30–33 months and 5.5 years ) and television in child 's bedroom ( at 5.5 years ) . At 5.5 years , outcomes were assessed by using the Child Behavior Checklist and social skills using the Social Skills Rating System . Linear regression was used to estimate the effect of television exposure on behavioral and social skills outcomes . RESULTS . Sixteen percent of parents reported that their child watched > 2 hours of television daily at 30 to 33 months only , 15 % reported > 2 hours of television daily at 5.5 years only , and 20 % reported > 2 hours of television daily at both times . Forty-one percent of the children had televisions in their bedrooms at 5.5 years . In adjusted analyses , sustained television viewing was associated with behavioral outcomes . Concurrent television exposure was associated with fewer social skills . For children with heavy television viewing only in early childhood , there was no consistent relation with behavioral or social skills outcomes . Having a television in the bedroom was associated with sleep problems and less emotional reactivity at 5.5 years but was not associated with social skills . CONCLUSIONS . Sustained exposure is a risk factor for behavioral problems , whereas early exposure that is subsequently reduced presents no additional risk . For social skills , concurrent exposure was more important than sustained or early exposure . Considering the timing of media exposure is vital for underst and ing the consequences of early experiences and informing prevention strategies
Associations between objective ly measured total sedentary time and indicators of adiposity and motor development were predominantly null .
Associations between screen time and indicators of adiposity , motor or cognitive development , and psychosocial health were primarily unfavourable or null .
Associations between time spent seated ( e.g. , in car seats or strollers ) or in the supine position , and indicators of adiposity and motor development , were primarily unfavourable or null .
Conclusions These findings continue to support the importance of minimizing screen time for disease prevention and health promotion in the early years , but also highlight the potential cognitive benefits of interactive non-screen-based sedentary behaviours such as reading and storytelling .
Background The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationships between  sedentary behaviour ( SB ) and health indicators in children aged 0 to 4 years , and to determine what doses of SB ( i.e. , duration , patterns [ frequency , interruptions ] , and type ) were associated with health indicators .