Screening protocol s have high predictive values to detect cervical spine fracture in alert , low-risk patients seeking emergency care after blunt neck trauma .
Computerized tomography ( CT ) scans had better validity ( in adults and elderly ) than radiographs in assessing high-risk and /or multi-injured blunt trauma neck patients .
In the absence of serious pathology , clinical physical examinations are more predictive at excluding than confirming structural lesions causing neurologic compression .
One exception is the manual provocation test for cervical radiculopathy , which has high positive predictive value .
There was no evidence that specific MRI findings are associated with neck pain , cervicogenic headache , or whiplash exposure .
No evidence supports using cervical provocative discography , anesthetic facet , or medial branch blocks in evaluating neck pain .
Reliable and valid self-report question naires are useful in assessing pain , function , disability , and psychosocial status in individuals with neck pain .
CONCLUSION The scientific evidence supports screening protocol s in emergency care for low-risk patients ; and CT-scans for high-risk patients with blunt trauma to the neck .
In nonemergency neck pain without radiculopathy , the validity of most commonly used objective tests is lacking .
OBJECTIVE To critically appraise and synthesize the literature on assessment of  neck pain .
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The published literature on assessment of neck pain is large and of variable quality .
There have been no prior systematic review s of this literature .
Does the National Emergency X-ray Utilization Study make a difference?
Objective To assess whether the introduction of the National Emergency X-ray Utilization Study guidelines in a UK emergency department reduced the number of patients having cervical spine radiographs  and altered the accuracy of diagnosis of  cervical spine injury . Methods This was a prospect i ve , observational study . The number of patients with recent neck injury who had cervical spine radiographs taken was assessed for 3 months before and three months after the introduction of the National Emergency X-ray Utilization Study guidelines to an urban emergency department in the UK . The number of injuries missed by emergency department doctors during the two 3-month periods was also recorded . Results Prior to using the guidelines , 252 of 715 patients ( 35 % ) were X-rayed and when using the guidelines , 268 of 706 patients ( 38 % ) were X-rayed . No significant difference was observed between the rates of X-ray in the two groups ( P=0.288 ) . No injuries were missed by emergency department doctors either before or after the introduction of the guidelines . Conclusion Introduction of the National Emergency X-ray Utilization Study guidelines to a UK emergency department did not reduce the number of patients having cervical spine radiographs after neck trauma and had no effect on the pick-up rate for cervical spine injuries
Screening protocol s have high predictive values to detect cervical spine fracture in alert , low-risk patients seeking emergency care after blunt neck trauma .
Computerized tomography ( CT ) scans had better validity ( in adults and elderly ) than radiographs in assessing high-risk and /or multi-injured blunt trauma neck patients .
In the absence of serious pathology , clinical physical examinations are more predictive at excluding than confirming structural lesions causing neurologic compression .
One exception is the manual provocation test for cervical radiculopathy , which has high positive predictive value .
There was no evidence that specific MRI findings are associated with neck pain , cervicogenic headache , or whiplash exposure .
No evidence supports using cervical provocative discography , anesthetic facet , or medial branch blocks in evaluating neck pain .
Reliable and valid self-report question naires are useful in assessing pain , function , disability , and psychosocial status in individuals with neck pain .
CONCLUSION The scientific evidence supports screening protocol s in emergency care for low-risk patients ; and CT-scans for high-risk patients with blunt trauma to the neck .
In nonemergency neck pain without radiculopathy , the validity of most commonly used objective tests is lacking .
OBJECTIVE To critically appraise and synthesize the literature on assessment of  neck pain .
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The published literature on assessment of neck pain is large and of variable quality .
There have been no prior systematic review s of this literature .