Results Level of evidence from 54 high and medium quality studies showed moderate evidence of a positive effect of physical exercise .
Within this domain , there was strong evidence of a positive effect of workplace strength training .
There was limited evidence for ergonomics and strong evidence for no benefit of participatory ergonomics , multifaceted interventions , and stress management .
No intervention domains were associated with “ negative effects ” .
Conclusions The evidence synthesis recommends that implementing strength training at the workplace can reduce MSD  among workers with physically dem and ing work .
In regard to workplace ergonomics , there was not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practice s. Based on the scientific literature , participatory ergonomics and multifaceted workplace interventions seem to have no beneficial effect on reducing MSD among this group of workers .
Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to rehabilitate musculoskeletal disorders ( MSDs ) among employees with physically dem and ing work .
Effects of a PRECEDE-PROCEED model based ergonomic risk management programme to reduce musculoskeletal symptoms of ICU nurses.
OBJECTIVES To evaluate effects of a PRECEDE-PROCEED Model based , nurse-delivered Ergonomic Risk Management Program ( ERMP ) in the aim of reducing musculoskeletal symptoms of intensive care unit ( ICU ) nurses . METHODS This pre-test post-test design for non-equivalent control groups study comprised 72 ICU nurses from two hospitals . A r and omised sampling was done through the study population . The ERMP was delivered as an intervention including 26weeks of follow-up . Data was collected by " Descriptives of Nurses and Ergonomic Risk Reporting Form " , " Rapid Upper Risk Assessment Form ( RULA ) " , " ICU Environment Assessment Form " and " Personal interviews form " . RESULTS There was no difference between sociodemographic characteristics , work and general health conditions within intervention and control group . One month after the intervention , nurses had significant decrease in their total RULA scores during bending down and patient repositioning movements as 1.40 and 0.82 , respectively . Six months after the ERMP , the mean total RULA scores of nurses during the patient repositioning was 4.39±1.49 which meant " immediate further analyses and modifications recommended " . After all , pain intensity scores , medication use due to pain , and RULA ergonomic risk scores were significantly decreased , while exercise frequency was increased . CONCLUSIONS The ERMP was effective to increase exercise frequency and to decrease musculoskeletal pain and ergonomic risk levels of ICU nurses
Results Level of evidence from 54 high and medium quality studies showed moderate evidence of a positive effect of physical exercise .
Within this domain , there was strong evidence of a positive effect of workplace strength training .
There was limited evidence for ergonomics and strong evidence for no benefit of participatory ergonomics , multifaceted interventions , and stress management .
No intervention domains were associated with “ negative effects ” .
Conclusions The evidence synthesis recommends that implementing strength training at the workplace can reduce MSD  among workers with physically dem and ing work .
In regard to workplace ergonomics , there was not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practice s. Based on the scientific literature , participatory ergonomics and multifaceted workplace interventions seem to have no beneficial effect on reducing MSD among this group of workers .
Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to rehabilitate musculoskeletal disorders ( MSDs ) among employees with physically dem and ing work .