Where reported , emergency admissions and quality of life were not found to be significantly different between groups .
No information was found regarding BMI , mortality , long term diabetic complications , adverse effects , or costs .
REVIEW ER 'S CONCLUSIONS The presence of a diabetes specialist nurse / nurse case manager may improve patients ' diabetic control over short time periods , but from currently available trials the effects over longer periods of time are not evident .
There were no significant differences overall in hypoglycaemic episodes , hyperglycaemic incidents , or hospital admissions .
Quality of life was not shown to be affected by input from a diabetes specialist nurse/nurse case manager
BACKGROUND The patient with diabetes has many different learning needs relating to diet , monitoring , and treatments .
In many health care systems specialist nurses provide much of these needs , usually aim ing to empower patients to self-manage their diabetes .
The present review aims to assess the effects of the involvement of specialist nurse care on outcomes for  people with diabetes  , compared to usual care in hospital clinics or primary care with no input from specialist nurses .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of diabetes specialist nurses / nurse case manager in diabetes on the metabolic control of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Effect of a Bicultural Community Health Worker on Completion of Diabetes Education in a Hispanic Population
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of a bicultural community health worker ( CHW ) on completion of diabetes education in an inner-city Hispanic patient population and to evaluate the impact of completion of the education program on patient knowledge , self-care behaviors , and glycemic control . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients were r and omized into CHW intervention and non-CHW intervention groups . All patients received individualized , comprehensive diabetes education from a certified diabetes nurse educator after baseline demographic information , diabetes knowledge , diabetes self-care practice s , and glycohemoglobin levels were assessed . Rates of education program completion were determined . Diabetes knowledge , self-care practice s , and glycohemoglobin levels were reassessed at program completion and at a later postprogram follow-up medical appointment and compared to baseline . Logistic regression analysis and the Mantel-Haenszel χ2 statistic were used to determine the effect of the CHW assignment on program completion . Analyses of covariance were performed with end-of-treatment behavior scores , knowledge scores , and glycohemoglobin levels as outcome variables , controlling for baseline values and testing for the effect of CHW assignment . RESULTS Of 64 patients enrolled in the study , 40 ( 63 % ) completed and 24 ( 37 % ) dropped out before completing the diabetes education program . Of the patients having CHW intervention , 80 % completed the education program , compared with 47 % of patients without CHW intervention ( P = 0.01 ) . “ Dropouts ” were younger ( age 47.5 ± 12.5 years [ mean ± SD ] ) compared with patients who completed the program ( 55.9 ± 9.9 years ) ( P = 0.004 ) . Dropout status showed no significant relationship to educational level achieved or literacy level . For the program “ completers , ” knowledge levels and selected self-care practice s significantly improved , and glycohemoglobin levels improved from a baseline level of 11.7 % to 9.9 % at program completion ( P = 0.004 ) and 9.5 % at the postprogram follow-up ( P < 0.001 ) . The effect of the CHW assignment on program completion , controlling for financial status and language spoken , was extremely robust ( P = 0.007 ) . The effect of the CHW on knowledge , self-care behavior , or glycohemoglobin outcome variables was not statistically significant . CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that intervention with a bicultural CHW improved rates of completion of a diabetes education program in an inner-city Hispanic patient population irrespective of literacy or educational levels attained . Our data further suggests that completion of individualized diabetes educational strategies leads to improved patient knowledge , self-care behaviors , and glycemic control
Where reported , emergency admissions and quality of life were not found to be significantly different between groups .
No information was found regarding BMI , mortality , long term diabetic complications , adverse effects , or costs .
REVIEW ER 'S CONCLUSIONS The presence of a diabetes specialist nurse / nurse case manager may improve patients ' diabetic control over short time periods , but from currently available trials the effects over longer periods of time are not evident .
There were no significant differences overall in hypoglycaemic episodes , hyperglycaemic incidents , or hospital admissions .
Quality of life was not shown to be affected by input from a diabetes specialist nurse/nurse case manager
BACKGROUND The patient with diabetes has many different learning needs relating to diet , monitoring , and treatments .
In many health care systems specialist nurses provide much of these needs , usually aim ing to empower patients to self-manage their diabetes .
The present review aims to assess the effects of the involvement of specialist nurse care on outcomes for  people with diabetes  , compared to usual care in hospital clinics or primary care with no input from specialist nurses .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of diabetes specialist nurses / nurse case manager in diabetes on the metabolic control of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus .