There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Lipid and lipoprotein distributions in children by ethnic group, gender, and geographic location--preliminary findings of the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH).
BACKGROUND The Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health is a school-based study design ed to test the effectiveness of dietary , physical activity , and educational interventions for reducing cardiovascular disease risk and teaching healthful behaviors to children . METHODS As part of a pilot phase in 1989 , lipid , lipoprotein , and anthropometric measures were taken in black ( n = 90 ) , Hispanic ( n = 68 ) , and white ( n = 265 ) 8- to 10-year-old schoolchildren in California , Louisiana , Minnesota , and Texas . RESULTS There were no significant differences in mean lipoprotein cholesterol values between fasting and nonfasting children . Therefore data from fasting and nonfasting children were pooled . Males and females within the same ethnic groups had similar mean levels of total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol . However , levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher among white and black males than among females from the same ethnic groups . Black males had higher total cholesterol than white males and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than white males and Hispanic males . Similarly , black females had higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than white and Hispanic females . In all children combined high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was inversely correlated and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was positively correlated with subscapular and tricep skinfold thickness , weight , and body mass index . There were significant differences in mean lipoprotein cholesterol levels between geographic sites . Total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were highest in children from California followed by children from Texas , Minnesota , and Louisiana . CONCLUSION Our results suggest that body fatness total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol differ in children by gender , ethnicity , and geographic location
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .