AND RELEVANCE In a broad review of published literature , risk factors for SSI were characterized as describing reduced fitness , patient frailty , surgery duration , and complexity .
IMPORTANCE Surgical site infection ( SSI ) complicates 2 - 5 % of surgeries in the United States .
Severity of SSI ranges from superficial skin infection to life-threatening conditions such as severe sepsis , and SSIs are responsible for increased morbidity , mortality , and economic burden associated with surgery .
Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) is a commonly-isolated organism for SSI , and methicillin-resistant S. aureus SSI incidence is increasing globally .
OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to characterize risk factors for SSI within observational studies describing incidence of SSI in a real-world setting .
Positive nasal culture of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a risk factor for surgical site infection in orthopedics
Background Although nasal carriage of MRSA has been identified as one of the risk factors for surgical site infection ( SSI ) with MRSA , there have been no reports of this in the orthopedics field . Methods This prospect i ve observational cohort study included 2,423 consecutive patients who were admitted to our department over 26 months and who underwent orthopedic surgery .  We examined the relationship between pre-existing nasal MRSA and subsequent occurrence of SSI with MRSA . Results 63 patients ( 2.6 % ) had a positive nasal MRSA culture . 15 patients ( 0.6 % ) developed SSI with MRSA . The occurrence of SSI with MRSA in nasal MRSA carriers was significantly higher than that in non-carriers ( 4 out of 63 ( 6.3 % ) vs. 11 out of 2,360 ( 0.5 % ) ; p < 0.001 ) ( adjusted OR : 11 ; 95 % CI : 3–37 ; p = 0.001 ) . Interpretation We recommend appropriate treatment of patients who are nasal carriers of MRSA before orthopedic surgery
AND RELEVANCE In a broad review of published literature , risk factors for SSI were characterized as describing reduced fitness , patient frailty , surgery duration , and complexity .
IMPORTANCE Surgical site infection ( SSI ) complicates 2 - 5 % of surgeries in the United States .
Severity of SSI ranges from superficial skin infection to life-threatening conditions such as severe sepsis , and SSIs are responsible for increased morbidity , mortality , and economic burden associated with surgery .
Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) is a commonly-isolated organism for SSI , and methicillin-resistant S. aureus SSI incidence is increasing globally .
OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to characterize risk factors for SSI within observational studies describing incidence of SSI in a real-world setting .