Bariatric surgery  significantly lowered inflammatory factors ; however , baseline BMI , follow-up duration and type of surgery could impact the extent of observed effects
Obesity is one of the main causes of inflammation .
Previous studies have reported inconclusive results regarding the effect of bariatric surgery on inflammatory markers .
This systematic review and meta- analysis is aim ed at describing the effect of bariatric surgery on C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) .
Increase of Osteopontin Plasma Concentrations After Bariatric Surgery Independent from Inflammation and Insulin Resistance
Background  Osteopontin ( OPN  ) is a multifunctional matrix glycoprotein associated with bone metabolism and has been linked to chronic inflammation , insulin resistance , and atherosclerosis . Diet-induced weight loss decreases elevated OPN concentrations in obese patients . The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of OPN after bariatric surgery , where not only improvements of chronic inflammation , insulin resistance and comorbidities , but also malabsorption and altered bone metabolism have been reported . Methods OPN plasma concentrations  were determined in 31 morbidly obese patients ( 5 men , 26 women , BMI 46.2 ± 7.1 kg/m2 , age 41 ± 11 years ; mean ± SD ) before and 18 months after bariatric surgery , together with parameters of bone metabolism and inflammation . Results OPN concentrations increased by + 20.3 ± 26.6 ng/ml ( mean ± SD , p < 0.01 ) , concomitant to a weight loss of −38 ± 22 kg , and a decrease in BMI by −13.1 ± 7.7 kg/m2 ( both p < 0.01 ) . HOMA-index improved from 5.2 ± 3.4 to 1.5 ± 1.0 ( p < 0.01 ) . Calcium concentrations slightly decreased , and phosphate increased ( −0.06 ± 0.13 mmol/l and + 0.08 ± 0.16 mmol/l , respectively ; both p < 0.05 ) , while 25-OH-VitaminD3 remained unchanged and PTH tended to increase ( + 5.1 ± 14.0 pg/ml , p = 0.054 ) . Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and interleukin 18 were significantly decreased and associated with HOMA both before and after bariatric surgery . ΔOPN was correlated with ΔPTH , but not with other parameters .  Conclusions OPN plasma concentrations increased concomitant to weight loss after bariatric surgery , which was independent from an improvement of insulin sensitivity and a decrease of inflammatory markers . Further studies are needed to differentiate whether these changes in bone metabolism after bariatric surgery are secondary to calcium deficiency or an adaptation to weight loss
Bariatric surgery  significantly lowered inflammatory factors ; however , baseline BMI , follow-up duration and type of surgery could impact the extent of observed effects
Obesity is one of the main causes of inflammation .
Previous studies have reported inconclusive results regarding the effect of bariatric surgery on inflammatory markers .
This systematic review and meta- analysis is aim ed at describing the effect of bariatric surgery on C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) .