IATs improve intracanal cleanliness across a substantial portion of the canal , and therefore , their use is recommended throughout root canal preparation .
AIMS To establish whether irrigant activation techniques ( IATs ) result in greater intracanal smear layer and debris removal than conventional needle irrigation ( CNI ) .
Effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation and manual dynamic irrigation on smear layer removal from root canals in a closed apex in vitro model.
AIM To compare the effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation with manual dynamic irrigation on smear layer removal from root canals using a closed apex in vitro model . METHODS The root canals of 45 freshly-extracted human single-rooted m and ibular premolar teeth were prepared by the Pro-Taper rotary system to an apical preparation of F4 size . Prepared teeth were r and omly divided into three groups ; two experimental groups and one control group ( n = 15 ) on the basis of the type of activation of final irrigation as follows : ( a ) Group A , 3 % sodium hypochlorite ( NaOCl ) and 17 % ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ( EDTA ) , no activation received ; ( b ) Group B , 3 % NaOCl and 17 % EDTA , ultrasonic activation with a small file ; and ( c ) Group C , 3 % NaOCl and 17 % EDTA , manual activation with a master gutta-percha point . The prepared teeth were decoronated and split into two halves longitudinally , and observed under a scanning electron microscope to assess the removal of the smear layer . RESULTS In the apical-third region , the mean smear scores for groups B and C were significantly less than those of Group A ( control group ) ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Both activation techniques are important adjuncts in removing the smear layer , with manual dynamic activation being a simpler , safer , and more cost-effective technique
IATs improve intracanal cleanliness across a substantial portion of the canal , and therefore , their use is recommended throughout root canal preparation .
AIMS To establish whether irrigant activation techniques ( IATs ) result in greater intracanal smear layer and debris removal than conventional needle irrigation ( CNI ) .