Six core scales were identified with a broad range of symptom items but with limited information on their psychometric properties .
OBJECTIVE To identify  self-reported sport concussion symptom scales  and to describe the psychometric properties of these identified scales .
Acute effects and recovery time following concussion in collegiate football players: the NCAA Concussion Study.
CONTEXT Lack of empirical data on recovery time following sport-related concussion hampers clinical decision making about return to play after injury . OBJECTIVE To prospect ively measure immediate effects and natural recovery course relating to symptoms , cognitive functioning , and postural stability following sport-related concussion . DESIGN , SETTING , AND PARTICIPANTS Prospect i ve cohort study of 1631 football players from 15 US colleges . All players underwent preseason baseline testing on concussion assessment measures in 1999 , 2000 , and 2001 . Ninety-four players with concussion ( based on American Academy of Neurology criteria ) and 56 noninjured controls underwent assessment of symptoms  , cognitive functioning  , and postural stability immediately , 3 hours , and 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 , and 90 days after injury . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Scores on the Grade d Symptom Checklist ( GSC ) , St and ardized Assessment of Concussion ( SAC ) , Balance Error Scoring System ( BESS ) , and a neuropsychological test battery . RESULTS No player with concussion was excluded from participation ; 79 players with concussion ( 84 % ) completed the protocol through day 90 . Players with concussion exhibited more severe symptoms ( mean GSC score 20.93 [ 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 15.65 - 26.21 ] points higher than that of controls ) , cognitive impairment ( mean SAC score 2.94 [ 95 % CI , 1.50 - 4.38 ] points lower than that of controls ) , and balance problems ( mean BESS score 5.81 [ 95 % CI , -0.67 to 12.30 ] points higher than that of controls ) immediately after concussion . On average , symptoms gradually resolved by day 7 ( GSC mean difference , 0.33 ; 95 % CI , -1.41 to 2.06 ) , cognitive functioning improved to baseline levels within 5 to 7 days ( day 7 SAC mean difference , -0.03 ; 95 % CI , -1.33 to 1.26 ) , and balance deficits dissipated within 3 to 5 days after injury ( day 5 BESS mean difference , -0.31 ; 95 % CI , -3.02 to 2.40 ) . Mild impairments in cognitive processing and verbal memory evident on neuropsychological testing 2 days after concussion resolved by day 7 . There were no significant differences in symptoms or functional impairments in the concussion and control groups 90 days after concussion . CONCLUSIONS Collegiate football players may require several days for recovery of symptoms , cognitive dysfunction , and postural instability after concussion . Further research is required to determine factors that predict variability in recovery time after concussion . St and ardized measurement of postconcussive symptoms , cognitive functioning , and postural stability may enhance clinical management of athletes recovering from concussion
Six core scales were identified with a broad range of symptom items but with limited information on their psychometric properties .
OBJECTIVE To identify  self-reported sport concussion symptom scales  and to describe the psychometric properties of these identified scales .