Among the outcomes examined , the highest absolute risk increase was for heart failure .
Associations between atrial fibrillation and included outcomes were broadly consistent across subgroups and in sensitivity analyses .
Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of death and an increased risk of cardiovascular and renal disease .
OBJECTIVE To quantify the association between  atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular disease , renal disease , and death .
Detection of atrial fibrillation after stroke and the risk of recurrent stroke.
Failure to expeditiously diagnose atrial fibrillation ( AF ) as the cause of ischemic stroke has unclear consequences . We studied the association between detection of AF after discharge and the risk of recurrent stroke . We followed a prospect ively assembled cohort of patients hospitalized for stroke for 1 year for new diagnoses of AF and recurrent stroke . We compared rates of recurrent stroke in patients with a new diagnosis of AF and those without a new diagnosis of AF after discharge using Kaplan-Meier survival statistics . We conducted Cox proportional hazards analysis of the diagnosis and timing of AF and recurrent stroke after adjustment for age , sex , race , preexisting AF , hypertension , dyslipidemia , diabetes , previous stroke , and use of antithrombotic and statin medications . Among 5575 patients with stroke , 113 ( 2.0 % ) received a new diagnosis of AF after discharge , and 221 ( 4.0 % ) had recurrent stroke . At 1 year , the Kaplan‒Meier rate of recurrent stroke was 18.9 % in those with a new diagnosis of AF and 4.5 % in others , including those with AF diagnosed before or during the index hospitalization ( P = .001 ) . The association between a new diagnosis of AF and stroke recurrence persisted after adjustment for potential confounders ( hazard ratio , 5.6 ; 95 % confidence interval , 3.4 - 9.1 ) . A new diagnosis of AF after discharge for stroke is associated with an increased risk of recurrent stroke , even compared with patients with known AF . These findings identify a subset of patients at high risk for recurrent stroke and highlight the importance of timely detection of AF in patients with stroke
Among the outcomes examined , the highest absolute risk increase was for heart failure .
Associations between atrial fibrillation and included outcomes were broadly consistent across subgroups and in sensitivity analyses .
Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of death and an increased risk of cardiovascular and renal disease .
OBJECTIVE To quantify the association between  atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular disease , renal disease , and death .