The results of this study suggest that preoperative warming can reduce rates of SSI after surgery .
OBJECTIVE To determine whether preoperative warming can reduce the risk of surgical site infection ( SSI ) after surgery .
BACKGROUND Intraoperative hypothermia is a risk factor for the occurrence of  SSI in patients after surgery .
However , the effectiveness of preoperative warming in reducing the incidence of the condition remains unclear .
Evaluation of Wound Photography for Remote Postoperative Assessment of Surgical Site Infections
Importance Surgeons are increasingly interested in using mobile and online applications with wound photography to monitor patients after surgery . Early work using remote care to diagnose surgical site infections ( SSIs ) demonstrated improved diagnostic accuracy using wound photographs to augment patients ’ electronic reports of symptoms , but it is unclear whether these findings are reproducible in real-world practice . Objective To determine how wound photography affects surgeons ’ abilities to diagnose SSIs in a pragmatic setting . Design , Setting , and Participants This prospect i ve study compared surgeons ’ paired assessment s of postabdominal surgery case vignettes with vs without wound photography for detection of SSIs . Data for case vignettes were collected prospect ively from May 1 , 2007 , to January 31 , 2009 , at Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherl and s , and from July 1 , 2015 , to February 29 , 2016 , at V and erbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , Tennessee . The surgeons were members of the American Medical Association whose self- design ated specialty is general , abdominal , colorectal , oncologic , or vascular surgery and who completed internet-based assessment s from May 21 to June 10 , 2016 . Intervention Surgeons review ed online clinical vignettes with or without wound photography . Main Outcomes and Measures Surgeons ’ diagnostic accuracy , sensitivity , specificity , confidence , and proposed management with respect to SSIs . Results A total of 523 surgeons ( 113 women and 410 men ; mean [ SD ] age , 53 [ 10 ] years ) completed a mean of 2.9 clinical vignettes . For the diagnosis of SSIs , the addition of wound photography did not change accuracy ( 863 of 1512 [ 57.1 % ] without and 878 of 1512 [ 58.1 % ] with photographs ) . Photographs decreased sensitivity ( from 0.58 to 0.50 ) but increased specificity ( from 0.56 to 0.63 ) . In 415 of 1512 cases ( 27.4 % ) , the addition of wound photography changed the surgeons ’ assessment ( 215 of 1512 [ 14.2 % ] changed from incorrect to correct and 200 of 1512 [ 13.2 % ] changed from correct to incorrect ) . Surgeons reported greater confidence when vignettes included a wound photograph compared with vignettes without a wound photograph , regardless of whether they correctly identified an SSI ( median , 8 [ interquartile range , 6 - 9 ] vs median , 8 [ interquartile range , 7 - 9 ] ; P < .001 ) but they were more likely to undertriage patients when vignettes included a wound photograph , regardless of whether they correctly identified an SSI . Conclusions and Relevance In a practical simulation , wound photography increased specificity and surgeon confidence , but worsened sensitivity for detection of SSIs . Remote evaluation of patient-generated wound photographs may not accurately reflect the clinical state of surgical incisions . Effective widespread implementation of remote postoperative assessment with photography may require additional development of tools , participant training , and mechanisms to verify image quality
The results of this study suggest that preoperative warming can reduce rates of SSI after surgery .
OBJECTIVE To determine whether preoperative warming can reduce the risk of surgical site infection ( SSI ) after surgery .
BACKGROUND Intraoperative hypothermia is a risk factor for the occurrence of  SSI in patients after surgery .
However , the effectiveness of preoperative warming in reducing the incidence of the condition remains unclear .