There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Biological cardiovascular risk factors cluster in Danish children and adolescents: the European Youth Heart Study.
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine whether the number of participants with multiple coronary heart disease ( CHD ) risk factors exceeded the number expected from a r and om distribution . METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1020 r and omly selected boys and girls , 9 and 15 years old , was conducted . Risk factors were total cholesterol , HDL-cholesterol , triglyceride , serum insulin , and blood pressure . Physical fitness was assessed from a maximal cycle test and body fat from the sum of four skinfolds . Risk factors selected in the analysis were those related to the metabolic syndrome . RESULTS More participants than expected had four or five CHD risk factors . Four risk factors were found in 3.03 ( 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 2.24 - 4.10 ) times as many participants as expected from a r and om distribution and five risk factors were found in 8.70 ( 95 % CI : 4.35 - 17.4 ) times as many participants as expected . Fifty ( 5.4 % ) had four or five risk factors and in these individuals physical fitness was 1.2 st and ard deviation ( SD ) lower and body mass index ( BMI ) 1.6 SD higher than mean values for the population . CONCLUSION Clustering of risk factors for the metabolic syndrome was found in children and adolescents . Low levels of physical fitness and raised BMI in these individuals indicate that lifestyle factors such as physical activity and diet may influence the development of these unhealthy risk profiles
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .