Meta- analysis of RCTs showed that only cyclosporine A provided a simultaneous great effect size of SMD on ICSI , pain , and frequency .
Amitriptyline at different dosages showed a great effect size of SMD on pain and urgency or on ICSI and frequency .
The results from the n RCTs showed that the most frequently adopted treatment is oral pentosan polysulfate and that the use of botulinum A toxin intradetrusorial injections in PBS/IC is increasing .
Limited evidence exists for the few treatments for PBS/IC .
The lack of definitive conclusions is due to the great heterogeneity in methodology , symptoms assessment , duration of treatment , and follow-up in both RCTs and n RCTs
CONTEXT Different types of behavioural , dietary , interventional , pharmacologic , and surgical therapies have been used to treat painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis ( PBS/IC ) .
Because of the paucity of r and omised placebo-controlled studies on different treatments , an evidence -based management approach has not yet been developed .
OBJECTIVE To critically review and synthesize data from a wide range of current therapeutic approaches to PBS/IC , to quantify the effect size from r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) , and to reach clinical agreement on the efficacy of treatments for PBS/IC .
Short-term results of bilateral S2-S4 sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of refractory interstitial cystitis, painful bladder syndrome, and chronic pelvic pain.
We evaluated the efficacy of bilateral caudal epidural sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of refractory chronic pelvic pain ( CPP ) , painful bladder syndrome , and interstitial cystitis ( IC ) . Thirty consecutive patients ( 21 female , 9 male ) with severe refractory symptoms underwent bilateral S2-S4 sacral neuromodulation for CPP/IC . Patients were evaluated with the O'Leary IC symptom and problem index ( ICSI , ICPI ) , the short form of the Urogenital Distress Inventory ( UDI-6 ) , and the R AND 36-item health survey ( SF-36 ) preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively . The mean and minimum follow-up were 15 and 6 months , respectively . Of the 30 patients , 23 ( 77 % ) had a successful trial stimulation and were permanently implanted . Among these patients , the ICSI and ICPI scores improved by 35 ( p = 0.005 ) and 38 % ( p = 0.007 ) , respectively . The pain score improved by 40 % ( p = 0.04 ) and the UDI-6 score by 26 % ( p = 0.05 ) . On average , patients reported a 42 % improvement in their symptoms . SF-36 scores did not improve significantly . In refractory patients , bilateral caudal epidural sacral neuromodulation is another possible mode of treatment , which appears to improve both pelvic pain and voiding symptoms
Meta- analysis of RCTs showed that only cyclosporine A provided a simultaneous great effect size of SMD on ICSI , pain , and frequency .
Amitriptyline at different dosages showed a great effect size of SMD on pain and urgency or on ICSI and frequency .
The results from the n RCTs showed that the most frequently adopted treatment is oral pentosan polysulfate and that the use of botulinum A toxin intradetrusorial injections in PBS/IC is increasing .
Limited evidence exists for the few treatments for PBS/IC .
The lack of definitive conclusions is due to the great heterogeneity in methodology , symptoms assessment , duration of treatment , and follow-up in both RCTs and n RCTs
CONTEXT Different types of behavioural , dietary , interventional , pharmacologic , and surgical therapies have been used to treat painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis ( PBS/IC ) .
Because of the paucity of r and omised placebo-controlled studies on different treatments , an evidence -based management approach has not yet been developed .
OBJECTIVE To critically review and synthesize data from a wide range of current therapeutic approaches to PBS/IC , to quantify the effect size from r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) , and to reach clinical agreement on the efficacy of treatments for PBS/IC .