There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
A controlled study of eight months of physical training and reduction of blood pressure in children: the Odense schoolchild study.
OBJECTIVE --To examine the effect of physical training on physical fitness and blood pressure in children aged 9 - 11 years . DESIGN -- Prospect i ve r and omised controlled intervention study of a sample of children drawn from a population survey of coronary risk factors in children . SETTING --Odense , Denmark . SUBJECTS--69 children with mean blood pressure greater than or equal to 95th centile ( hypertensive group ) and 68 with mean blood pressure less than 95th centile ( normotensive group ) , r and omly selected from a population of 1369 children . INTERVENTION--67 children were r and omised to receive three extra lessons a week of an ordinary school physical education programme for eight months . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES --Physical fitness assessed by calculation of maximum oxygen uptake and blood pressure recorded by one unblinded observer . RESULTS --After three months neither blood pressure nor physical fitness had changed significantly . After adjustment for values in weight , height , heart rate , and the variable in question before training physical fitness rose significantly at the end of eight months ' training , by 3.7 mlO2/kg/min ( 95 % confidence interval 2.2 to 5.3 ) in the normotensive training subgroup and by 2.1 mlO2/kg/min ( 0.1 to 4.2 ) in the hypertensive training subgroup compared with that in the controls . Systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the training subgroups fell significantly by 6.5 mm Hg ( 3.2 to 9.9 ) and 4.1 mm Hg ( 1.7 to 6.6 ) respectively in the normotensive group and by 4.9 mm Hg ( 0.7 to 9.2 ) and 3.8 mm Hg ( 0.9 to 6.6 ) respectively in the hypertensive group . CONCLUSIONS --Physical training lowers blood pressure and improves physical fitness in children and might have implication s for an important non-pharmacological approach to primary prevention of essential hypertension
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .