Interventions to promote exercise in cancer survivors who report better levels of adherence share some common behaviour change techniques .
These involve setting programme goals , prompting practise and self-monitoring and encouraging participants to attempt to generalise behaviours learned in supervised exercise environments to other , non-supervised context s. However , expecting most sedentary survivors to achieve current guideline recommendations of at least 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise is likely to be unrealistic .
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of regular exercise for people living with or beyond cancer are becoming apparent .
However , how to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary cancer cohorts is not as well understood .
A large majority of people living with or recovering from cancer do not meet exercise recommendations .
Hence , review ing the evidence on how to promote and sustain exercise behaviour is important .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer and to address the following questions : Which interventions are most effective in improving aerobic fitness and skeletal muscle strength and endurance ?
What adverse effects are attributed to different exercise interventions ?
Which interventions are most effective in improving exercise behaviour amongst patients with different cancers ?
Which interventions are most likely to promote long-term ( 12 months or longer ) exercise behaviour ?
What frequency of contact with exercise professionals is associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What theoretical basis is most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What behaviour change techniques are most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
Biobehavioral factors mediate exercise effects on fatigue in breast cancer survivors.
PURPOSE This study aim ed to examine mediators of fatigue response to an exercise intervention for breast cancer survivors in a pilot r and omized controlled trial . METHODS Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors ( n = 46 ; ≤stage 2 ) , off primary treatment , and reporting fatigue and /or sleep dysfunction were r and omized to a 3-month exercise intervention ( 160 min·wk of moderate-intensity aerobic walking , twice weekly resistance training with resistance b and s ) or control group . Six discussion group sessions provided behavioral support to improve adherence . Fatigue , serum cytokines , accelerometer physical activity , cardiorespiratory fitness , sleep dysfunction , and psychosocial factors were assessed at baseline and 3 months . RESULTS The exercise intervention effect sizes for fatigue were as follows : fatigue intensity d = 0.30 ( P = 0.34 ) , interference d = -0.38 ( P = 0.22 ) , and general fatigue d = -0.49 ( P = 0.13 ) . Using the Freedman-Schatzkin difference-in-coefficients tests , increase in fatigue intensity was significantly mediated by interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) ( 82 % ) , IL-10 ( 94 % ) , IL-6/IL-10 ( 49 % ) , and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α):IL-10 ( 78 % ) with reduced sleep dysfunction increasing the relationship between intervention and fatigue intensity rather than mediating intervention effects ( -88 % ) . Decrease in fatigue interference was mediated by sleep dysfunction ( 35 % ) , whereas IL-10 and pro-anti-inflammatory cytokine ratios increased the relationship between intervention and interference ( -25 % to -40 % ) . The reduction in general fatigue was significantly mediated by minutes of physical activity ( 76 % ) , sleep dysfunction ( 45 % ) , and physical activity enjoyment ( 40 % ) , with IL-10 ( -40 % ) and IL-6/IL-10 ( -11 % ) increasing the intervention-fatigue relationship . In the intervention group , higher baseline fatigue , anxiety , depression , and perceived exercise barrier interference predicted a greater decline in fatigue interference and /or general fatigue during the intervention . CONCLUSIONS Biobehavioral factors mediated and enhanced intervention effects on fatigue , whereas psychosocial factors predicted fatigue response . Further study is warranted to confirm our results and to improve underst and ing of relationships that mediate and strengthen the intervention-fatigue association
Interventions to promote exercise in cancer survivors who report better levels of adherence share some common behaviour change techniques .
These involve setting programme goals , prompting practise and self-monitoring and encouraging participants to attempt to generalise behaviours learned in supervised exercise environments to other , non-supervised context s. However , expecting most sedentary survivors to achieve current guideline recommendations of at least 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise is likely to be unrealistic .
BACKGROUND The beneficial effects of regular exercise for people living with or beyond cancer are becoming apparent .
However , how to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary cancer cohorts is not as well understood .
A large majority of people living with or recovering from cancer do not meet exercise recommendations .
Hence , review ing the evidence on how to promote and sustain exercise behaviour is important .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to promote exercise behaviour in sedentary people living with and beyond cancer and to address the following questions : Which interventions are most effective in improving aerobic fitness and skeletal muscle strength and endurance ?
What adverse effects are attributed to different exercise interventions ?
Which interventions are most effective in improving exercise behaviour amongst patients with different cancers ?
Which interventions are most likely to promote long-term ( 12 months or longer ) exercise behaviour ?
What frequency of contact with exercise professionals is associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What theoretical basis is most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?
What behaviour change techniques are most often associated with increased exercise behaviour ?