Basal levels of hormones were mostly normal in athletes with OTS/FOR/NFOR compared with healthy athletes .
Distinctly , stimulation tests , mainly performed in maximal exercise conditions , showed blunted GH and ACTH responses in OTS/FOR/NFOR athletes , whereas cortisol and plasma catecholamines showed conflicting findings and the other hormones responded normally .
Conclusion Basal hormone levels are not good predictor but blunted ACTH and GH responses to stimulation tests may be good predictors of OTS/FOR/NFOR
Background Overtraining syndrome ( OTS ) , functional ( FOR ) and non-functional overreaching ( NFOR ) are conditions diagnosed in athletes with decreased performance and fatigue , triggered by metabolic , immune , hormonal and other dysfunctions and result ed from an imbalance between training stress and proper recovery .
Despite previous descriptions , there is a lack of a review that discloses all hormonal findings in OTS/FOR/NFOR .
The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate whether and which roles hormones play in OTS/FOR/NFOR .
Effects of 21 Days of Intensified Training on Markers of Overtraining
Slivka , DR , Hailes , WS , Cuddy , JS , and Ruby , BC . Effects of 21 days of intensified training on markers of overtraining . J Strength Cond Res 24(10 ) : 2604 - 2612 , 2010-The purpose of this study was to impose a period of quantifiable intensified training to determine if commonly used diagnostic markers of overtraining parallel changes in physical performance and thus overtraining status . Eight trained male cyclists ( 24 ± 1 years , 71 ± 3 kg , & OV0312;O2peak = 4.5 ± 0.1·L·min−1 ) performed 21 days ( 3,211 km ) of  intensified training in the field where volume and intensity were increased over normal training . Salivary IgA , testosterone , and cortisol , 1-hour time trial performance , heart rate response , and profile of mood states ( POMS ) were collected and analyzed throughout the 21-day training period . The POMS category vigor declined from day 1 to day 4 and remained lower throughout ( p < 0.05 ) . There were no other statistical changes in overtraining parameters . However , individuals who demonstrated 2 or more symptoms of overtraining at any point throughout the 21 days were considered symptomatic and had a lower ( p < 0.05 ) & OV0312;O2peak ( 4.2 ± 0.1·vs . 4.7 ± 0.1 L·min−1 ) and lower ( p < 0.05 ) average workload during the initial 1-hour time trial ( 253 ± 5 vs. 288 ± 14 W ) . Interestingly , the 1-hour time trial power in these individuals with symptoms of overtraining did not decline ( p > 0.05 ) . These data demonstrate that markers of overtraining do not parallel a decrease in performance and should be interpreted with caution
Basal levels of hormones were mostly normal in athletes with OTS/FOR/NFOR compared with healthy athletes .
Distinctly , stimulation tests , mainly performed in maximal exercise conditions , showed blunted GH and ACTH responses in OTS/FOR/NFOR athletes , whereas cortisol and plasma catecholamines showed conflicting findings and the other hormones responded normally .
Conclusion Basal hormone levels are not good predictor but blunted ACTH and GH responses to stimulation tests may be good predictors of OTS/FOR/NFOR
Background Overtraining syndrome ( OTS ) , functional ( FOR ) and non-functional overreaching ( NFOR ) are conditions diagnosed in athletes with decreased performance and fatigue , triggered by metabolic , immune , hormonal and other dysfunctions and result ed from an imbalance between training stress and proper recovery .
Despite previous descriptions , there is a lack of a review that discloses all hormonal findings in OTS/FOR/NFOR .
The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate whether and which roles hormones play in OTS/FOR/NFOR .