Free fatty acid supplementation produced small but significant reductions in ADHD symptoms even with probably blinded assessment s , although the clinical significance of these effects remains to be determined .
Artificial food color exclusion produced larger effects but often in individuals selected for food sensitivities .
OBJECTIVE Nonpharmacological treatments are available for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) , although their efficacy remains uncertain .
The authors undertook meta-analyses of the efficacy of dietary ( restricted elimination diets , artificial food color exclusions , and free fatty acid supplementation ) and psychological ( cognitive training , neurofeedback , and behavioral interventions ) ADHD treatments .
Neurocognitive training for children with and without AD/HD
There is accumulating evidence that computerised cognitive training of inhibitory control and /or working memory can lead to behavioural improvement in children with AD/HD . Using a r and omised waitlist control design , the present study examined the effects of combined working memory and inhibitory control training , with and without passive attention monitoring via EEG , for children with and without AD/HD . One hundred and twenty-eight children ( 60 children with AD/HD , 68 without AD/HD ) were r and omly allocated to one of three training conditions ( waitlist ; working memory and inhibitory control with attention monitoring ; working memory and inhibitory control without attention monitoring ) and completed with pre- and post-training assessment s of overt behaviour ( from 2 sources ) , trained and untrained cognitive task performance , and resting EEG activity . The two active training conditions completed 25 sessions of training at home over a 4- 5-week period . Results showed significant improvements in overt behaviour for children with AD/HD in both training conditions compared to the waitlist condition as rated by a parent and other adult . Post-training improvements in the areas of spatial working memory , ignoring distracting stimuli , and sustained attention were reported for children with AD/HD . Children without AD/HD showed behavioural improvements after training . The improvements for both groups were maintained over the 6-week period following training . The passive attention monitoring via EEG had a minor effect on training outcomes . Overall , the results suggest that combined WM/IC training can result in improved behavioural control for children with and without AD/HD
Free fatty acid supplementation produced small but significant reductions in ADHD symptoms even with probably blinded assessment s , although the clinical significance of these effects remains to be determined .
Artificial food color exclusion produced larger effects but often in individuals selected for food sensitivities .
OBJECTIVE Nonpharmacological treatments are available for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) , although their efficacy remains uncertain .
The authors undertook meta-analyses of the efficacy of dietary ( restricted elimination diets , artificial food color exclusions , and free fatty acid supplementation ) and psychological ( cognitive training , neurofeedback , and behavioral interventions ) ADHD treatments .