All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality for Pediatric Pain Distraction during IV Placement
The objective of this study was to test the efficacy and suitability of virtual reality ( VR ) as a pain distraction for pediatric intravenous ( i.v . ) placement . Twenty children ( 12 boys , 8 girls ) requiring i.v . placement for a magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography ( MRI/CT ) scan were r and omly assigned to two conditions : ( 1 ) VR distraction using Street Luge ( 5DT ) , presented via a head-mounted display , or ( 2 ) st and ard of care ( topical anesthetic ) with no distraction .  Children , their parents , and nurses completed self-report question naires that assessed numerous health-related outcomes . Responses from the Faces Pain Scale-Revised indicated a fourfold increase in affective pain within the control condition ; by contrast , no significant differences were detected within the VR condition . Significant associations between multiple measures of anticipatory anxiety , affective pain , i.v . pain intensity , and measures of past procedural pain provided support for the complex interplay of a multimodal assessment of pain perception . There was also a sufficient amount of evidence supporting the efficacy of Street Luge as a pediatric pain distraction tool during i.v . placement : an adequate level of presence , no simulator sickness , and significantly more child- , parent- , and nurse-reported satisfaction with pain management . VR pain distraction was positively endorsed by all reporters and is a promising tool for decreasing pain , and anxiety in children undergoing acute medical interventions . However , further research with larger sample sizes and other routine medical procedures is warranted
All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .