In the present meta- analysis , reductions in the risk of hip fracture  with milk consumption were only observed among American adults , but not among Sc and inavian adults , possibly because milk products are more commonly fortified with vitamin D in the former population than in Sc and inavian countries .
The reduction in the risk of hip fracture was also observed with yogurt consumption , which is often associated with healthy lifestyles and dietary patterns that contribute to improved bone health .
Fueling this uncertainty , the elevated  risk of hip fracture  in association with  milk consumption was observed in a cohort of Swedish women .
The cumulative evidence from prospect i ve cohort studies reassuringly suggests that the risk of hip fracture may not be elevated among people who consume milk , yogurt , and cheese , and that a greater consumption of milk or yogurt may even be associated with a lower risk of hip fracture depending on the factors that may differ across the population of interest
Although dairy products contain bone-beneficial nutrients , the association between dairy consumption and the risk of hip fracture remains equivocal .
Effects of Daily Intake of Calcium and Vitamin D-Enriched Milk in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Nutritional Study.
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of the daily intake of calcium and vitamin D-enriched milk ( with or without fructooligosaccharides [ FOS ] ) on vitamin D , bone metabolism , and cardiovascular risk factors . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Two-year r and omized controlled study , including 500 healthy postmenopausal women , assigned to 500 mL/day of skimmed milk to one of three groups : Low-dose ( L ) : ( 120 mg/100 mL calcium , vitamin D3 30 UI/100 mL ) , group A : calcium and vitamin D ( 180 mg/100 mL and 120 UI/100 mL ) , and group B : calcium and vitamin D ( 180 mg/100 mL and 120 UI/100 mL ) and FOS ( 5 g/L ) . We evaluated serum 25(OH)D , bone mineral density ( BMD ) by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry , and biochemical data of glucose and lipid metabolism . RESULTS After 24 months , vitamin D concentrations did not change in the control group , but increased in group A and group B , p < 0.001 . We observed an increase in femoral neck BMD and an improvement in fasting plasma glucose , HbA1c , total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and apolipoprotein B 100 . CONCLUSIONS Daily intake of milk enriched with calcium and vitamin D in postmenopausal healthy women induces a significant improvement in vitamin D status , a significant increase in BMD at femoral neck , and also favorable effects on glucose and lipid profile
In the present meta- analysis , reductions in the risk of hip fracture  with milk consumption were only observed among American adults , but not among Sc and inavian adults , possibly because milk products are more commonly fortified with vitamin D in the former population than in Sc and inavian countries .
The reduction in the risk of hip fracture was also observed with yogurt consumption , which is often associated with healthy lifestyles and dietary patterns that contribute to improved bone health .
Fueling this uncertainty , the elevated  risk of hip fracture  in association with  milk consumption was observed in a cohort of Swedish women .
The cumulative evidence from prospect i ve cohort studies reassuringly suggests that the risk of hip fracture may not be elevated among people who consume milk , yogurt , and cheese , and that a greater consumption of milk or yogurt may even be associated with a lower risk of hip fracture depending on the factors that may differ across the population of interest
Although dairy products contain bone-beneficial nutrients , the association between dairy consumption and the risk of hip fracture remains equivocal .