There was a significant heterogeneity for the impact of CLA  on CRP and IL-6 , but not TNF-α .
Conclusions This meta- analysis showed that CLA supplementation may increase inflammatory markers ( CRP and TNF-α ) .
Background / objectives Conjugated linoleic acid ( CLA ) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid with attractive biological activities .
Numerous studies have been conducted on the inflammation-lowering effects of CLA in in vitro and animal models .
However , the effects of CLA treatment on the inflammatory markers in humans are controversial .
Time-dependent effects of safflower oil to improve glycemia, inflammation and blood lipids in obese, post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-masked, crossover study.
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic effects of dietary fat quality in people with type 2 diabetes are not well-understood . The study objective was to evaluate effects of conjugated linoleic acid ( CLA ) and safflower ( SAF ) oils on glycemia , blood lipids , and inflammation . The hypothesis we tested is that dietary oils improve glycemia , lipids , and inflammatory markers in a time-dependent way that follows accumulation of linoleic acid and CLA isomers in serum of subjects supplemented with dietary oils . METHODS Fifty-five post-menopausal , obese women with type 2 diabetes enrolled , and 35 completed this r and omized , double-masked crossover study . Treatments were 8 g daily of CLA and SAF for 16 weeks each . We used a multiple testing procedure with pre-determined steps analysis to determine the earliest time that a significant effect was detected . RESULTS CLA did not alter measured metabolic parameters . SAF decreased HbA1c ( -0.64 ± 0.18 % , p = 0.0007 ) and C-reactive protein ( -13.6 ± 8.2 mg/L , p = 0.0472 ) , increased QUICKI ( 0.0077 ± 0.0035 , p = 0.0146 ) with a minimum time to effect observed 16 weeks after treatment . SAF increased HDL cholesterol ( 0.12 ± 0.05 mmol/L , p = 0.0228 ) with the minimum time to detect an effect of SAF at 12 weeks . The minimum time to detect an increase of c9t11-CLA , t10c12-CLA , and linoleic acid in serum of women supplemented CLA or SAF , respectively , was four weeks . CONCLUSIONS We conclude that 8 g of SAF daily improved glycemia , inflammation , and blood lipids , indicating that small changes in dietary fat quality may augment diabetes treatments to improve risk factors for diabetes-related complications
There was a significant heterogeneity for the impact of CLA  on CRP and IL-6 , but not TNF-α .
Conclusions This meta- analysis showed that CLA supplementation may increase inflammatory markers ( CRP and TNF-α ) .
Background / objectives Conjugated linoleic acid ( CLA ) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid with attractive biological activities .
Numerous studies have been conducted on the inflammation-lowering effects of CLA in in vitro and animal models .
However , the effects of CLA treatment on the inflammatory markers in humans are controversial .