Pharmacist-directed care or in collaboration with physicians or nurses improve the management of major CVD risk factors in out patients
BACKGROUND Pharmacists may improve the clinical management of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) prevention .
A systematic review was conducted to determine the impact of pharmacist care on the management of  CVD risk factors among out patients .
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of a pharmacist-managed hypertension clinic.
STUDY OBJECTIVE To measure clinical , economic , and humanistic outcomes associated with a  pharmacist-managed hypertension clinic  compared with  physician-managed clinics . DESIGN Prospect i ve , r and omized , comparative study . SETTING Managed care organization . PATIENTS A total of 330 patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension . INTERVENTION Hypertension care provided by either the pharmacist-managed hypertension clinic or physician-managed general medical clinics . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Baseline and 6-month evaluations consisted of systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements , a short-form health survey , and collection of health care utilization information . After treatment , blood pressure measurements were significantly lower ( p<0.001 ) in the pharmacist-managed hypertension clinic group than in the physician-managed clinic group . Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the hypertension clinic group . Total costs for the hypertension clinic group were not different from those of the physician-managed clinic group ( $ 242.46 vs $ 233.20 , p=0.71 ) , but cost : effectiveness ratios were lower in the hypertension clinic group ( $ 27 vs $ 193/mm Hg for systolic blood pressure readings , and $ 48 vs $ 151/mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure readings ) . CONCLUSION In a hypertension clinic , pharmacists can be a cost-effective alternative to physicians in management of patients , and they can improve clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction
Pharmacist-directed care or in collaboration with physicians or nurses improve the management of major CVD risk factors in out patients
BACKGROUND Pharmacists may improve the clinical management of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) prevention .
A systematic review was conducted to determine the impact of pharmacist care on the management of  CVD risk factors among out patients .