The findings support the effects of BAs on satiety , lipid and cholesterol metabolism , incretins and glucose homoeostasis , energy metabolism , gut microbiota and endoplasmic reticulum stress following bariatric surgery .
Many of these metabolic effects are modulated through the BA receptors FXR and TGR5 .
We also explore a possible link between BAs and carcinogenesis following bariatric surgery .
Conclusions : Overall there is good evidence to support the role of BAs in the metabolic effects of bariatric surgery through the above mechanisms .
BAs could serve as a novel therapeutic pharmacological target for the treatment of obesity and its associated co-morbidities
Background : Bariatric surgery is currently the most efficacious treatment for obesity and its associated metabolic co-morbidities , such as diabetes .
The metabolic improvements occur through both weight-dependent and weight-independent mechanisms .
Bile acids ( BAs ) have emerged as key signalling molecules that have a central role in modulating many of the physiological effects seen after bariatric surgery .
This systematic review assesses the evidence from both human and animal studies for the role of BAs in reducing the metabolic complications of obesity following bariatric surgery .
Microbial ecology: Human gut microbes associated with obesity
Two groups of beneficial bacteria are dominant in the human gut , the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes . Here we show that the relative proportion of Bacteroidetes is decreased in obese people by comparison with lean people , and that this proportion increases with weight loss on two types of low-calorie diet . Our findings indicate that obesity has a microbial component , which might have potential therapeutic implication
The findings support the effects of BAs on satiety , lipid and cholesterol metabolism , incretins and glucose homoeostasis , energy metabolism , gut microbiota and endoplasmic reticulum stress following bariatric surgery .
Many of these metabolic effects are modulated through the BA receptors FXR and TGR5 .
We also explore a possible link between BAs and carcinogenesis following bariatric surgery .
Conclusions : Overall there is good evidence to support the role of BAs in the metabolic effects of bariatric surgery through the above mechanisms .
BAs could serve as a novel therapeutic pharmacological target for the treatment of obesity and its associated co-morbidities
Background : Bariatric surgery is currently the most efficacious treatment for obesity and its associated metabolic co-morbidities , such as diabetes .
The metabolic improvements occur through both weight-dependent and weight-independent mechanisms .
Bile acids ( BAs ) have emerged as key signalling molecules that have a central role in modulating many of the physiological effects seen after bariatric surgery .
This systematic review assesses the evidence from both human and animal studies for the role of BAs in reducing the metabolic complications of obesity following bariatric surgery .