There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Design of a 20-month comprehensive, multicomponent school-based randomised trial to promote healthy weight development among 11-13 year olds: The HEalth In Adolescents study
Background and purpose : The lack of effective school-based interventions for preventing obesity in children has caused a call for longer duration of interventions and better reporting on design and evaluation methodology . The purpose of this paper is to present the development of the intervention , the design of the effectiveness study , and the test-retest reliability of the main outcome measures in the HEalth In Adolescents ( HEIA ) study . Methods / design : The HEIA intervention programme was developed based on literature review s , a social ecological framework , and focus groups . The intervention aim ed to increase total physical activity ( PA ) and consumption of fruit and vegetables and to decrease screen time and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages . The intervention programme consisted of a classroom component , including dietary behaviour lessons , computer tailoring , fruit/vegetable and PA breaks , and posters , and an environmental component including active transport campaigns , equipment , suggestions for easy improvements of schoolyards , inspirational courses for teachers ( all with regards to PA ) , and fact sheets to parents . The effect of the intervention programme is evaluated in a cluster r and omised controlled trial design ( intervention = 12 schools , control = 25 schools ) including process evaluation . Main outcomes include anthropometry , PA , screen time , and consumption of fruit , vegetables , and sugar-sweetened beverages . A 2-week test— retest study was conducted among 114 pupils . Determinants of the behaviours were assessed . Similar data were collected from parents . Children ’s PA was measured objective ly by accelerometers . Conclusions : The HEIA study represents a theoretically informed r and omised trial comprising a comprehensive set of multilevel intervention components with a thorough evaluation using reliable outcome measures . The study will contribute to a better underst and ing of determinants of healthy weight development among young people and how such determinants can be modified
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .