Robust statistically significant effects were found for improved diet , aerobic exercise , alcohol and sodium restriction , and fish oil supplements : mean reductions in systolic blood pressure of 5.0 mmHg [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 3.1 - 7.0 ] , 4.6 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 2.0 - 7.1 ) , 3.8 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 1.4 - 6.1 ) , 3.6 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 2.5 - 4.6 ) and 2.3 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 0.2 - 4.3 ) , respectively , with corresponding reductions in diastolic blood pressure .
Relaxation significantly reduced blood pressure only when compared with non-intervention controls .
We found no robust evidence of any important effect on blood pressure of potassium , magnesium or calcium supplements .
Available evidence does not support relaxation therapies , calcium , magnesium or potassium supplements to reduce blood pressure
PURPOSE To quantify effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for hypertension .
Can general practitioners use training in relaxation and management of stress to reduce mild hypertension?
To see whether general practitioners could effectively carry out training in relaxation and management of stress to reduce mild hypertension a study was carried out with a sub sample of phase 2 of the Medical Research Council 's treatment of mild hypertension trial.1 In the main mild hypertension trial patients had been receiving either an active drug or placebo for six years . In phase 2 a sub sample of these patients were r and omly allocated either to continue or to stop receiving the active drug or placebo . In a further sub sample patients were again r and omised to receive or not to receive relaxation therapy . This factorial design presented an additional opportunity to assess whether patients controlled with active drugs might have their blood pressure maintained by this behavioural therapy once drug treatment was stopped and to assess whether blood pressure might be further reduced by this therapy in patients who had been under regular medical supervision for as long as six years and who had already received non-pharmacological advice . The therapy was conducted by general practitioners in group sessions once a week for eight weeks . The training in relaxation was accompanied by galvanic skin resistance biofeedback . At one year follow up blood pressure in the relaxation subgroups was either maintained ( in the group who had stopped receiving drugs ) or reduced further ( in the group who had continued receiving drugs and in both placebo groups ) , while in the control group it had increased in all the subgroups , but particularly in those who had stopped receiving drugs . Differences in changes in blood pressure between the relaxation and control groups were significant . There were five new cardiovascular events , including evidence of myocardial ischaemia in blindly coded electrocardiograms in the control group , compared with one in the treatment group . General practitioners , if motivated , can successfully apply this technique of training those with mild hypertension in relaxation and management of stress
Robust statistically significant effects were found for improved diet , aerobic exercise , alcohol and sodium restriction , and fish oil supplements : mean reductions in systolic blood pressure of 5.0 mmHg [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 3.1 - 7.0 ] , 4.6 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 2.0 - 7.1 ) , 3.8 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 1.4 - 6.1 ) , 3.6 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 2.5 - 4.6 ) and 2.3 mmHg ( 95 % CI : 0.2 - 4.3 ) , respectively , with corresponding reductions in diastolic blood pressure .
Relaxation significantly reduced blood pressure only when compared with non-intervention controls .
We found no robust evidence of any important effect on blood pressure of potassium , magnesium or calcium supplements .
Available evidence does not support relaxation therapies , calcium , magnesium or potassium supplements to reduce blood pressure
PURPOSE To quantify effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for hypertension .