The pooled main outcomes by r and om-effects model showed significant improvements in HbA1c , self-efficacy , and diabetes knowledge , but not in BMI .
As for quality of life , no conclusions can be drawn as the pooled outcome became the opposite with reduced heterogeneity after one study was excluded .
No significant publication bias was found in the main outcomes .
AIM To synthesize the effects of theory-based self-management educational interventions on patients with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) in r and omized controlled trials .
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a common chronic disease causing complications that put a heavy burden on society and reduce the quality of life of patients .
Good self-management of diabetes can prevent complications and improve the quality of life of T2DM patients .
How does change occur following a theoretically based self-management intervention for type 2 diabetes
The purpose of this study was to test the extent that constructs from two theoretical models ( self-regulatory theory and social cognitive theory ) mediated change in outcomes following a self-management intervention .  One hundred and twenty four individuals with type 2 diabetes who had participated in a r and omised controlled trial of a diabetes self-management programme  were analysed for the extent that illness beliefs and self-efficacy mediated change in self-management behaviours and illness specific quality of life . Exercise specific self-efficacy significantly mediated change in exercise  at three months ( B = .03 ; .01 , p < .05 ) while  monitoring specific self-efficacy mediated change in monitoring behaviour at both three ( B = .04 ; .01 , p < .01 ) and nine months follow-up ( B = 5.97 ; 1.01 , p < .01 ) . Belief in control over diabetes mediated change in illness specific quality of life at three months ( B = −.07 ; .28 , p < .05 ) and nine months ( B = .79 ; .28 , p < .01 ) follow-ups , as well as change in exercise behaviour at immediately post-intervention ( B = −.12 ; .17 , p < .05 ) . Behaviour-specific self-efficacy may have a stronger role in mediating self-management behaviours than illness beliefs ; however , belief in control over diabetes may be important to manipulate for change in quality of life . This suggests different theoretical constructs may mediate change dependent on outcome
The pooled main outcomes by r and om-effects model showed significant improvements in HbA1c , self-efficacy , and diabetes knowledge , but not in BMI .
As for quality of life , no conclusions can be drawn as the pooled outcome became the opposite with reduced heterogeneity after one study was excluded .
No significant publication bias was found in the main outcomes .
AIM To synthesize the effects of theory-based self-management educational interventions on patients with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) in r and omized controlled trials .
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a common chronic disease causing complications that put a heavy burden on society and reduce the quality of life of patients .
Good self-management of diabetes can prevent complications and improve the quality of life of T2DM patients .