There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
A school-based intervention can reduce body fat and blood pressure in young adolescents.
PURPOSE To determine the effect of increasing the aerobic component of the school 's physical activity program and improving the knowledge about weight control and blood pressure on the blood pressure and body fat of early adolescents . METHODS The subjects were 1140 youth aged 11 to 14 years ( 630 females , 510 males ; 64 % white , 24.4 % African-American , and 11.6 % " other " ) , who were r and omly assigned by school into four treatment groups : exercise only , education only , exercise and education combined , and control group . Heights , weights , and skinfold thicknesses were measured , and body mass index ( BMI ) was computed kg/m(2 ) . Blood pressure was obtained in duplicate using a r and om-zero mercury sphygmomanometer . Maximal oxygen uptake was predicted from a submaximal cycle ergometer test . Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance statistics , adjusting for gender , ethnicity , age , socioeconomic status , and initial baseline characteristics . RESULTS Systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased more in the control group than in the intervention groups ( p = .001 ) . The BMI did not change significantly ( p = .709 ) , but the sum of skinfolds increased less in subjects in the exercise intervention groups than the education only or control groups ( p = .0001 ) . The small increase in (p)VO(2)max of the combined exercise and education group was significantly greater than the education only group ( p = .0001 ) . CONCLUSION An exercise program for youth can have a positive effect on blood pressure independent of body weight loss
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .