Based on the available evidence , motor evoked potentials at rest were the only biomarker that predicted motor outcome in individuals with severe arm impairment following stroke .
To build an underst and ing of the neurobiology underpinning arm recovery in people with severe arm impairment due to stroke , we conducted a pooled individual data systematic review to : 1 ) characterize brain biomarkers ; 2 ) determine relationship(s ) between biomarkers and motor outcome ; and 3 ) establish relationship(s ) between biomarkers and motor recovery .
Effects of passive-active movement training on upper limb motor function and cortical activation in chronic patients with stroke: a pilot study.
OBJECTIVE To explore how repetitive passive-active movement training effects upper limb motor function and cortical activation in patients with stroke . DESIGN Single-group treatment trial with baseline comparisons . PATIENTS Ten chronic patients with stroke with paresis of the upper limb . METHODS Assessment s were performed during a 4-week baseline period before and once after 4 weeks of training using the Motor Assessment Scale of the upper limb , Nine Hole Peg Test , goniometer for range of movement and the modified Ashworth scale for muscle tone . Two patients underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging pre- and post-training . The treatment consisted of daily sessions of repeated functional reaching and grasping movements guided passively and attempted actively during 4 weeks . RESULTS The group improved in range of motion and Motor Assessment Scale scores . Subjects reported improvements in a variety of daily tasks requiring the use of the affected upper limb . Increases in cortical activation in prefrontal and sensorimotor areas were observed in parallel with improvements of upper limb motor function in the 2 patients scanned . CONCLUSION The 4-week training programme improved h and motor function and ability . Cortical activation on functional magnetic resonance imaging changed in parallel suggesting reorganization of areas related to movements of the paretic limb
Based on the available evidence , motor evoked potentials at rest were the only biomarker that predicted motor outcome in individuals with severe arm impairment following stroke .
To build an underst and ing of the neurobiology underpinning arm recovery in people with severe arm impairment due to stroke , we conducted a pooled individual data systematic review to : 1 ) characterize brain biomarkers ; 2 ) determine relationship(s ) between biomarkers and motor outcome ; and 3 ) establish relationship(s ) between biomarkers and motor recovery .