Results showed that mechanical active irrigation reduces post-operative pain .
It improved debridement , canal/isthmus cleanliness .
It also improved delivery of irrigant up to working length .
Bacterial count was more with active irrigation , though not significant .
There is no effect on long-term periapical healing .
Conclusion It may be concluded that mechanical active irrigation devices are beneficial in reducing post-operative pain and improving canal and isthmus cleanliness during Endodontics
Objective Irrigant activation has been cl aim ed to be beneficial in in vitro and clinical studies .
This systematic review aims to investigate the clinical efficiency of mechanically activated irrigants and conventional irrigation .
The in vivo evaluation of hand/rotary/ultrasound instrumentation in necrotic, human mandibular molars.
This in vivo , prospect i ve , r and omized , single-blinded study histologically compared biofilm/necrotic debridement efficiency of a h and /rotary technique versus a h and /rotary/1 min ultrasound technique in the mesial roots of necrotic , human m and ibular molars . The h and /rotary group consisted of 20 mesial roots . The h and /rotary/ultrasound group consisted of 20 mesial roots  prepared with the same h and /rotary technique followed by 1 min of ultrasonic irrigation , per canal , utilizing an ultrasonic needle in a MiniEndo unit . Following extraction , histologic preparation and staining , 0.2 mum cross-sections from the 1- to 3-mm apical levels were evaluated for percentage of biofilm/necrotic debris removal . Cleanliness results at the 1- , 2- and 3-mm levels for the h and /rotary and h and /rotary/ultrasound techniques , respectively , were : Canals , 80 % versus 95 % , 92 % versus 99 % , and 95 % versus 100 % ; Isthmuses , 33 % versus 83 % , 31 % versus 86 % , 45 % versus 91 % . Statistical analysis revealed mean percent canal and isthmus cleanliness values to be significantly higher for h and /rotary/ultrasound technique at all levels evaluated
Results showed that mechanical active irrigation reduces post-operative pain .
It improved debridement , canal/isthmus cleanliness .
It also improved delivery of irrigant up to working length .
Bacterial count was more with active irrigation , though not significant .
There is no effect on long-term periapical healing .
Conclusion It may be concluded that mechanical active irrigation devices are beneficial in reducing post-operative pain and improving canal and isthmus cleanliness during Endodontics
Objective Irrigant activation has been cl aim ed to be beneficial in in vitro and clinical studies .
This systematic review aims to investigate the clinical efficiency of mechanically activated irrigants and conventional irrigation .