Results indicate that physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in subjects aged 65 years and older .
Conclusion Physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in healthy subjects aged 60 years and older .
The biggest effect of exercise intervention , of any type , has been seen on physical performance ( gait speed , chair rising test , balance , SPPB test , etc . )
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We observed huge variations in regard to the dietary supplementation protocol s. Based on the included studies , mainly performed on well-nourished subjects , the interactive effect of dietary supplementation on muscle function appears limited
Summary This systematic review summarizes the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention on muscle mass and muscle function .
However , any interactive effect of dietary supplementation appears to be limited .
Introduction In 2013 , Denison et al. conducted a systematic review including 17 r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) to explore the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention to improve muscle mass , muscle strength , or physical performance in older people .
They concluded that further studies were needed to provide evidence upon which public health and clinical recommendations could be based .
The purpose of the present work was to up date the prior systematic review and include studies published up to October 2015 .
Physical exercise and/or enriched foods for functional improvement in frail, independently living elderly: a randomized controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of an exercise program and an enriched food regimen on physical functioning of frail elderly persons . DESIGN A 17-week r and omized , placebo-controlled trial . SETTING Community . PARTICIPANTS One hundred fifty-seven independently living frail elderly ( mean age , 78.7 + /- 5.6yr ) . INTERVENTION Thirty-nine subjects participated in a twice weekly group exercise design ed to improve daily functioning ; 39 subjects daily ate foods enriched with vitamins and minerals ( at 25%-100 % of the recommended daily allowances ) ; 42 subjects exercised and ate enriched foods ; and 37 subjects served as controls . Nonexercising groups followed a social program ; nonsupplement groups received the same food products without the micronutrients . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Functional performance based on 6 performance tests , physical fitness based on 7 fitness tests , and disabilities based on the self-reported ability to perform 16 daily activities . RESULTS Performance sum scores were significantly enhanced in trained ( + 8 % ) compared with nontrained subjects ( -8 % ) ( difference in change : 1.9 points , p < .001 , adjusted for baseline scores ) . Fitness sum scores were significantly enhanced as well ( + 3 % in trained vs -2 % in nontrained ) ( difference in change : 0.9 points , p = .05 , adjusted for baseline scores ) . No exercise effects on the disability score were observed . Consumption of enriched products did not affect performance , fitness , or disability scores . CONCLUSION Our comprehensive exercise program , design ed for widespread applicability , enhanced physical performance and fitness in a population of frail elderly . Daily consumption of micronutrient enriched foods showed no functional benefits within 17 weeks
Results indicate that physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in subjects aged 65 years and older .
Conclusion Physical exercise has a positive impact on muscle mass and muscle function in healthy subjects aged 60 years and older .
The biggest effect of exercise intervention , of any type , has been seen on physical performance ( gait speed , chair rising test , balance , SPPB test , etc . )
.
We observed huge variations in regard to the dietary supplementation protocol s. Based on the included studies , mainly performed on well-nourished subjects , the interactive effect of dietary supplementation on muscle function appears limited
Summary This systematic review summarizes the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention on muscle mass and muscle function .
However , any interactive effect of dietary supplementation appears to be limited .
Introduction In 2013 , Denison et al. conducted a systematic review including 17 r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) to explore the effect of combined exercise and nutrition intervention to improve muscle mass , muscle strength , or physical performance in older people .
They concluded that further studies were needed to provide evidence upon which public health and clinical recommendations could be based .
The purpose of the present work was to up date the prior systematic review and include studies published up to October 2015 .