At the time of this review , seven AAPs were available in Canada : aripiprazole clozapine olanzapine paliperidone quetiapine risperidone ziprasidone
Schizophrenia is a mental illness that requires lifelong treatment and is associated with symptoms that include hallucinations , delusions , cognitive impairment , disorganized thoughts , social withdrawal , and low motivation .
Antipsychotic medications are effective at relieving the symptoms of schizophrenia , and they form the foundation of treatment .
Adjunctive Risperidone for Partially Responsive People with Schizophrenia Treated with Clozapine
The large numbers of partial clozapine responders represent a major therapeutic challenge . Unfortunately , there are no clear data to support how best to treat these patients . This study examines the efficacy and safety of adjunctive risperidone in a well-defined treatment-resistant population optimally treated with clozapine .  A total of 69 in patients and out patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder entered a 16-week double-blind , placebo-controlled , r and omized clinical trial . Of them , 33 participants were r and omized to risperidone and 36 were r and omized to placebo .  There was no significant group difference in the predefined response criteria . There were modest group differences for Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ( BPRS ) positive symptoms , which were significant in the completer analysis ( F=5.70 ; df=1 , 70.3 ; p=0.02 ; ES=0.27 ) but not the intent-to-treat ( ITT ) analyses ( F=3.01 ; df=1 , 77.5 ; p=0.09 ; ES=0.19 ) . A similar pattern was found for the BPRS total score , with the completer analysis showing a significant improvement in the risperidone group ( F=5.21 ; df=1 , 64.9 ; p=0.03 ; ES=0.27 ) , whereas the ITT analysis was not significant ( F=3.52 ; df=1 , 71.3 ; p=0.06 ; ES=0.22 ) . In addition , there was a small , but significant , group difference for negative symptoms , as measured by the SANS total score , which favored the risperidone group ( F=5.67 ; df=1 , 78.7 ; p=0.02 ; ES=0.24 ) . There were no significant group differences on safety measures , including neuropsychological test and extrapyramidal symptom scores . A significant elevation of prolactin in the risperidone group was observed . The study results suggest that adjunctive risperidone may have a modest benefit for treatment-resistant clozapine patients . The study results are discussed in the context of previous double-blind studies of adjunctive risperidone . ( clinical trials.gov , trial number : NCT00056498 )
At the time of this review , seven AAPs were available in Canada : aripiprazole clozapine olanzapine paliperidone quetiapine risperidone ziprasidone
Schizophrenia is a mental illness that requires lifelong treatment and is associated with symptoms that include hallucinations , delusions , cognitive impairment , disorganized thoughts , social withdrawal , and low motivation .
Antipsychotic medications are effective at relieving the symptoms of schizophrenia , and they form the foundation of treatment .