Consistent evidence was found for the predictive value of pain intensity ( more pain-- > worse outcome ) , several work-related parameters ( e.g. , high satisfaction-- > better outcome ) , and coping style ( less active coping-- > better outcome ) .
Other sociodemographic and physical variables consistently lacked predictive value .
No consistent evidence was found for other psychological variables .
CONCLUSIONS It is impossible to define a generic set of predictors of outcome of multidisciplinary rehabilitation and back schools for patients with chronic low back pain because the review ed studies were descriptive or exploratory in nature , and most predictors were only studied once .
Nevertheless , for several predictors , consistent evidence was found .
OBJECTIVE To determine predictors of outcome of multidisciplinary rehabilitation-or back school treatment  for patients with chronic low back pain .
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Numerous review s have been performed to gain insight into which patients benefit from which treatment .
However , no review has systematic ally focused on predictors from multiple domains ( i.e. , sociodemographic , physical , and psychological ) , or on treatment outcome measured as activity limitation or participation restriction .
The Effect of Compensation Involvement on the Reporting of Pain and Disability by Patients Referred for Rehabilitation of Chronic Low Back Pain
Study Design . In this prospect i ve , observational , cohort study of 192 individuals with chronic low back pain , the group of individuals was divided based on compensation involvement , and their presentation pain and disability , treatment recommendations , and compliance were compared . For 85 of these individuals who completed a spine rehabilitation program  , their pain and disability at 3 and 12 months were compared . Objectives . To test the theory that individuals with compensation involvement  presented with greater pain and disability and would report less change of pain and disability after rehabilitation efforts . Background . Previous studies have produced conflicting results concerning this issue . Methods . Individuals were recruited as consecutive patients referred for consultation at a spine rehabilitation center . Pain , depression , and disability were assessed using self‐report question naires at evaluation and at 3 and 12 months . Rehabilitation services consisted of aggressive , quota‐based exercises aim ed at correcting impairments in flexibility , strength , endurance , and lifting capacity , identified through quantification of back function . Multifactoral analysis of variance models were used to control for baseline differences between compensation and noncompensation patients during analysis of target variables . Results . The compensation group included 96 patients ; these patients reported more pain , depression , and disability than the 96 patients without compensation involvement . These differences persisted when baseline differences were controlled for with multifactoral analysis of variance models . Treatment recommendations and compliance were not affected by compensation . For patients completing the spine rehabilitation program , length of treatment , flexibility , strength , lifting ability , and lower extremity work performance before and after treatment and patient satisfaction ratings were similar for the compensation and non‐compensation groups . At 3 and 12 months , improvements in depression and disability were noted for both groups , but were statistically and clinical ly less substantial for the compensation group . At the 12 month follow‐up visit , pain scores improved for the noncompensation group , but not for the compensation group . Conclusions . In chronic low back pain  , compensation involvement may have an adverse effect on self‐reported pain , depression , and disability before and after rehabilitation interventions
Consistent evidence was found for the predictive value of pain intensity ( more pain-- > worse outcome ) , several work-related parameters ( e.g. , high satisfaction-- > better outcome ) , and coping style ( less active coping-- > better outcome ) .
Other sociodemographic and physical variables consistently lacked predictive value .
No consistent evidence was found for other psychological variables .
CONCLUSIONS It is impossible to define a generic set of predictors of outcome of multidisciplinary rehabilitation and back schools for patients with chronic low back pain because the review ed studies were descriptive or exploratory in nature , and most predictors were only studied once .
Nevertheless , for several predictors , consistent evidence was found .
OBJECTIVE To determine predictors of outcome of multidisciplinary rehabilitation-or back school treatment  for patients with chronic low back pain .
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Numerous review s have been performed to gain insight into which patients benefit from which treatment .
However , no review has systematic ally focused on predictors from multiple domains ( i.e. , sociodemographic , physical , and psychological ) , or on treatment outcome measured as activity limitation or participation restriction .