The results of this systematic review identify the consistent and prevalent indicators of concussion and their associations , derived from the strongest evidence in the published literature .
BACKGROUND Currently , there is no evidence -based definition for concussion that is being uniformly applied in clinical and research setting s. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the highest- quality literature about concussion and to assemble evidence about the prevalence and associations of key indicators of concussion .
The goal was to establish an evidence -based foundation from which to derive , in future work , a definition , diagnostic criteria , and prognostic indicators for concussion .
Tracking Neurocognitive Performance following Concussion in High School Athletes
Abstract Objective : To extend previous research design s and examine cognitive performance up to 30 days postconcussion . Method : A prospect i ve cohort design was used to examine 2000 athletes from 8 mid-Michigan area high schools to compare baseline neurocognitive performance with postconcussion neurocognitive performance . All concussed athletes were readministered the Immediate Post Assessment and Cognitive Test ( ImPACT ) at 2 , 7 , 14 , 21 , and 30 days postconcussion . Results : A total of 72 high school athletes ( aged 15.8 ± 1.34 years ) sustained a concussion . A significant with in-subjects effect for reaction time ( F = 10.01 ; P = 0.000 ) , verbal memory ( F = 3.05 ; P = 0.012 ) , motor processing speed ( F = 18.51 ; P = 0.000 ) , and total symptoms following an injury ( F = 16.45 ; P = 0.000 ) was found . Concussed athletes demonstrated a significant decrease in reaction time up to 14 days postconcussion ( P = 0.001 ) compared with baseline reaction time . Reaction time returned to baseline levels at 21 days postinjury ( P = 0.25 ) . At 7 days postinjury , impairments in verbal memory ( P = 0.003 ) and motor processing speed ( P = 0.000 ) were documented and returned to baseline levels by 14 days postinjury . Concussed athletes self-reported significantly more symptoms at 2 days postconcussion ( P = 0.000 ) and exhibited a resolution of symptoms by 7 days postinjury ( P = 0.06 ) . Conclusion : High school athletes could take up to 21 days to return to baseline levels for reaction time . These data support current recommendations for the conservative management of concussion in the high school athlete
The results of this systematic review identify the consistent and prevalent indicators of concussion and their associations , derived from the strongest evidence in the published literature .
BACKGROUND Currently , there is no evidence -based definition for concussion that is being uniformly applied in clinical and research setting s. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the highest- quality literature about concussion and to assemble evidence about the prevalence and associations of key indicators of concussion .
The goal was to establish an evidence -based foundation from which to derive , in future work , a definition , diagnostic criteria , and prognostic indicators for concussion .