Active travel may have positive effects on health outcomes , but there is little robust evidence to date of the effectiveness of active transport interventions for reducing obesity .
BACKGROUND Increasing active travel ( primarily walking and cycling ) has been widely advocated for reducing obesity levels and achieving other population health benefits .
However , the strength of evidence underpinning this strategy is unclear .
This study aim ed to assess the evidence that active travel has significant health benefits .
The effect of physical activity on breast cancer risk: A cohort study of 30,548 women
Background : In epidemiological studies abundant physical activity has been related to decreased  breast cancer  risk , though the results have been inconsistent . The purpose of this paper was to study the association of physical activity at leisure and commuting to work and incidence of breast cancer . Methods : The study cohort consisted of 30,548 female participants of the Finnish adult health behaviour survey , based on annual r and om sample s of Finns aged 15–64 , collected in 1978–1993 . By the end of 1995 , 332 breast cancer cases had been diagnosed in the cohort . Relative risks of breast cancer were adjusted for age at survey , body mass index ( BMI ) , education , length of follow-up , parity and age at first birth using Poisson regression models . Results : Compared to women exercising less than once a week , the adjusted relative risk of breast cancer for women exercising once a week was 0.80 ( 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 0.58–1.10 ) , for women exercising 2–3 times per week 0.92 ( 95 % CI : 0.78–1.22 ) and for women exercising daily 1.01 ( 95 % CI : 0.72–1.42 ) . Women who reported commuting , walking or bicycling to work 30 min or more daily had slightly lower adjusted risk of breast cancer ( RR : 0.87 , 95 % CI : 0.62–1.24 ) than women working at home , being unemployed or driving a car to working place . Conclusion : Although a small protective effect of regular physical activity for breast cancer incidence was found in physical activity when commuting to work , the role of the physical activity in breast cancer prevention is still an open question
Active travel may have positive effects on health outcomes , but there is little robust evidence to date of the effectiveness of active transport interventions for reducing obesity .
BACKGROUND Increasing active travel ( primarily walking and cycling ) has been widely advocated for reducing obesity levels and achieving other population health benefits .
However , the strength of evidence underpinning this strategy is unclear .
This study aim ed to assess the evidence that active travel has significant health benefits .