Conclusion The current systematic review and meta- analysis showed that the long-term consumption of CLA increases the levels of CRP and Lp(a )
Background C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and lipoprotein ( a ) ( Lp[a ] ) play essential roles in cardiovascular disease incidence .
This study aim ed to review the association between the intake of conjugated linoleic acid ( CLA ) in the form of dietary supplement or enriched food with different treatment duration s and the levels of Lp(a ) and CRP in human studies .
The role of conjugated linoleic acid in reducing body fat and preventing holiday weight gain
Objective : The incidence of obesity and overweight in the US has increased considerably during the past two decades and currently affects 65 % of the adult population . Research has indicated that small , yet irreversible , gains during the holiday season contribute to increases in weight during adulthood . Conjugated linoleic acid ( CLA ) , a naturally occurring dietary fatty acid , has been found to reduce weight gain and dramatically decrease fat mass in animals . Although research in humans has shown inconsistent results , most studies have been of insufficient duration or have utilized body composition methods that are less accurate than the currently accepted criterion . Design : R and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study of 3.2 g/day CLA for 6 months . Subjects : Forty healthy , overweight subjects ( age : 18–44 years ; body mass index : 25–30 kg/m2 ) Measurements : Body composition by the four-compartment model , resting metabolic rate ( RMR ) by indirect calorimetry , self-reported physical activity and dietary intake , and blood chemistries were determined at baseline and after 6 months . Body weight was measured monthly during the pre-holiday season ( August – October ) , holiday season ( November – December ) and post-holiday season ( January – March ) . Adverse events were assessed monthly . Results : Compared to CLA , the placebo group showed a greater rate of weight gain during the holiday season ( P=0.01 ) . Within the placebo group , holiday weight change was significantly greater compared to the pre-holiday period ( August – October ) ( P=0.03 ) . Six-month change in body composition was improved with CLA compared to placebo ( P=0.02 ) , and body fat was significantly reduced within the CLA group ( −1.0±2.2 kg , P=0.05 ) . CLA had no effect on RMR , physical activity or dietary intake . The rate of reported negative emotions decreased significantly with CLA , although there was no difference in any other category of adverse event . In comparison to the placebo , CLA did not affect insulin resistance , blood lipids and markers of liver function or markers of inflammation , with the exception of a significant decrease in a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction . Conclusion : CLA  supplementation among overweight adults significantly reduced body fat over 6 months and prevented weight gain during the holiday season . Although no adverse effects were seen , additional studies should evaluate the effect of prolonged use of CLA
Conclusion The current systematic review and meta- analysis showed that the long-term consumption of CLA increases the levels of CRP and Lp(a )
Background C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and lipoprotein ( a ) ( Lp[a ] ) play essential roles in cardiovascular disease incidence .
This study aim ed to review the association between the intake of conjugated linoleic acid ( CLA ) in the form of dietary supplement or enriched food with different treatment duration s and the levels of Lp(a ) and CRP in human studies .