Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .
Smoking-related morbidity and mortality following liver transplantation.
Smoking is the world 's leading cause of premature mortality responsible for an estimated 5 million deaths each year . Although the negative health implication s of cigarette smoking in the nontransplant setting are well recognized , the effect on patient and graft survival post liver transplantation remains unclear . The aim of this study was therefore to assess the influence of smoking on morbidity and mortality following liver transplantation . We performed a retrospective single-center case-note study of 136 consecutive patients who underwent elective liver transplantation between January 1 , 1996 and December 31 , 2000 . Patients were defined as active smokers ( 23 % ) , exsmokers ( 18 % ) , or life-long nonsmokers ( 58 % ) on the basis of documentation at the time of transplant assessment . Active smoking was associated with increased all-cause mortality post transplant , with estimated 1- , 5- , and 10-year survival of 94 % , 68 % , and 54 % , respectively , versus 94 % , 83 % , and 77 % for nonsmokers ( P = 0.04 ) . A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model identified smoking as an independent predictor of death ( hazard ratio 2.23 , 95 % confidence interval 1.08 - 4.61 , P = 0.03 ) . Active smokers demonstrated increased cardiovascular-specific mortality ( P = 0.01 ) and sepsis-specific mortality ( P = 0.02 ) but not malignancy-related mortality ( P = 0.61 ) and had graft survival similar to that of nonsmokers ( P = 0.88 ) . Exsmokers did not have an increased risk of death ( P = 0.134 ) . In conclusion , active smokers at time of assessment have increased mortality post liver transplantation , which is non-graft-related and appears to be a result of increased cardiovascular-related and sepsis-related death . Prospect i ve studies are required to assess the impact of smoking cessation on long-term outcome
Preoperative smoking status was not observed to be associated with postoperative mortality , cardiovascular complications , bleedings , anastomotic leakage , or allograft rejection .
CONCLUSIONS Preoperative smoking was found to be associated with an increased risk of the following postoperative complications : general morbidity , wound complications , general infections , pulmonary complications , neurological complications , and admission to the intensive care unit
OBJECTIVE To systematic ally review and summarize the evidence of an association between preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications elaborated on complication type .
BACKGROUND The conclusions of studies examining the association between preoperative smoking and postoperative complications are inconsistent , thus there is a need for a review and meta- analysis to summarize the existing evidence .