After a long-term resistance training , healthy older adults showed enhanced muscle oxygen extraction capacity , regulation of vessels and vascular endothelium function ; endurance training is reported to improve microvascular blood flow and matching of oxygen delivery to oxygen utilization , muscle oxidative capacity and muscle saturation , and walking sessions results in better muscle oxygen availability and muscle oxygen extraction capacity in older adults with peripheral arterial disease .
This review supports the fact that depending on the clinical status of the participants and the modality , exercise training improves different aspects of the muscle oxygenation in older adults
AIM To determine the effects of different modality of exercise training programs on muscle oxygenation in older adults .
Physical activity prevents age-related impairment in nitric oxide availability in elderly athletes.
BACKGROUND Aging is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and endothelial dysfunction . Since exercise can improve endothelium-dependent vasodilation , in the present study we tested whether long-term physical activity could prevent aging-related endothelial dysfunction . METHODS AND RESULTS In 12 young and elderly ( age 26.9+/-2.3 and 62.9+/-5.8 years , respectively ) healthy sedentary subjects and 11 young and 14 elderly matched athletes ( age 27.5+/-1.9 and 66.4+/-6.1 years , respectively ) , we studied ( with strain-gauge plethysmography ) forearm blood flow modifications induced by intrabrachial acetylcholine ( 0.15 , 0.45 , 1.5 , 4.5 , and 15 microg/100 mL per minute ) , an endothelium-dependent vasodilator , at baseline , during infusion of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine ( L-NMMA ) ( 100 microg/100 mL forearm tissue per minute ) , a nitric oxide-synthase inhibitor , vitamin C ( 8 mg/100 mL forearm tissue per minute ) , an antioxidant , and finally under simultaneous infusion of L-NMMA and vitamin C. The response to  sodium nitroprusside ( 1 , 2 , and 4 microg/100 mL forearm tissue per minute ) was also evaluated . In young athletes and sedentary subgroups , vasodilation to acetylcholine was inhibited by L-NMMA and was not changed by vitamin C. In elderly subjects , vasodilation to acetylcholine was blunted as compared with young subjects in both control subjects and athletes , whereas the response to sodium nitroprusside was similar . Moreover , in elderly athletes , vitamin C did not change the vasodilation to acetylcholine . In contrast , in elderly sedentary subjects , the response to acetylcholine was resistant to L-NMMA . In this subgroup , vitamin C increased the vasodilation to acetylcholine and restored the inhibiting effect of L-NMMA . CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that regular physical activity can at least in part prevent the age-induced endothelial dysfunction , probably the restoration of nitric oxide availability consequent to prevention of production of oxidative stress
After a long-term resistance training , healthy older adults showed enhanced muscle oxygen extraction capacity , regulation of vessels and vascular endothelium function ; endurance training is reported to improve microvascular blood flow and matching of oxygen delivery to oxygen utilization , muscle oxidative capacity and muscle saturation , and walking sessions results in better muscle oxygen availability and muscle oxygen extraction capacity in older adults with peripheral arterial disease .
This review supports the fact that depending on the clinical status of the participants and the modality , exercise training improves different aspects of the muscle oxygenation in older adults
AIM To determine the effects of different modality of exercise training programs on muscle oxygenation in older adults .