For most comparisons , the credibility of evidence was rated very low to moderate , with the exception for the DASH vs. the low-fat dietary approach for which the quality of evidence was rated high .
Conclusion : The present network meta- analysis suggests that the DASH dietary approach might be the most effective dietary measure to reduce blood pressure among hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients based on high quality evidence
ABSTRACT Background : Pairwise meta-analyses have shown beneficial effects of individual dietary approaches on blood pressure but their comparative effects have not been established .
Objective : Therefore we performed a systematic review of different dietary intervention trials and estimated the aggregate blood pressure effects through network meta- analysis including hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients .
Very low-fat (12%) and high monounsaturated fat (35%) diets do not differentially affect abdominal fat loss in overweight, nondiabetic women.
Studies in women with type 2 diabetes demonstrated adverse effects on body fat distribution of a low-fat diet relative to a high monounsaturated fat diet . We performed a r and omized 12-wk parallel design study of two 6000-kJ diets : 35 % energy from fat ( high monounsaturated fat diet , HIMO ) , or 12 % energy from fat ( very low-fat diet , VLF ) to determine whether this also occurred in nondiabetic women .  Body fat distribution , fasting plasma glucose , blood pressure , and fasting serum lipids were measured at wk 0 and 12 in 62 women ( BMI > 27 kg/m(2 ) ) .  Weight loss ( 9.5 + /- 2.4 vs. 9.4 + /- 3.4 kg , VLF vs. HIMO ) and total fat loss ( 6.1 + /- 2.4 vs. 6.3 + /- 2.7 kg , VLF vs. HIMO ) did not differ in the groups . There was a diet x menopausal status interaction in lean mass changes ( P = 0.005 ) such that in premenopausal women , HIMO produced a lower loss of lean mass than the low-fat diet ( 0.4 + /- 2.3 vs. 2.9 + /- 2.7 kg , P = 0.006 ) with the opposite but nonsignificant effect seen in postmenopausal women . There was a greater decrease in total plasma cholesterol in women who consumed VLF compared with those who consumed HIMO ( 0.82 + /- 0.0.51 vs. 0.50 + /- 0.48 mmol/L , P < 0.001 for time , P < 0.05 for diet effect ) . This was also true for the change in HDL cholesterol ( 0.18 + /- 0.23 vs. 0.04 + /- 0.19 mmol/L , VLF and HIMO , respectively , P < 0.001 for time , P < 0.05 for diet effect ) . The LDL/HDL ratio was reduced in both groups with no effect of diet ( 0.16 + /- 0.51 vs. 0.16 + /- 0.45 , VLF and HIMO , respectively , P < 0.05 ) . In conclusion , weight , total fat mass , and regional fat mass loss did not differ in the 2 groups of women but there was an apparent preservation of lean mass in premenopausal women consuming HIMO
For most comparisons , the credibility of evidence was rated very low to moderate , with the exception for the DASH vs. the low-fat dietary approach for which the quality of evidence was rated high .
Conclusion : The present network meta- analysis suggests that the DASH dietary approach might be the most effective dietary measure to reduce blood pressure among hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients based on high quality evidence
ABSTRACT Background : Pairwise meta-analyses have shown beneficial effects of individual dietary approaches on blood pressure but their comparative effects have not been established .
Objective : Therefore we performed a systematic review of different dietary intervention trials and estimated the aggregate blood pressure effects through network meta- analysis including hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients .