This systematic review highlights the effects of dairy products on muscle mass , muscle strength and body performance in the elderly population in the perspective of Ca , P , vitamin D and protein
The risk of sarcopenia increases with aging .
Malnutrition in the elderly population is an important risk factor for sarcopenia .
Calcium ( Ca ) , phosphate ( P ) , vitamin D and protein are key nutrients for the human body and affect muscle mass and quality .
Dairy products are rich in these nutrients , which implicates that dairy products might be ideal for elderly population .
Protein supplementation improves physical performance in frail elderly people: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
OBJECTIVES Protein supplementation has been proposed as an effective dietary strategy to increase skeletal muscle mass and improve physical performance in frail elderly people . Our objective was to assess the impact of 24 weeks of dietary protein supplementation on muscle mass , strength , and physical performance in frail elderly people . DESIGN / SETTING / PARTICIPANTS A total of 65 frail elderly subjects were included and r and omly allocated to either daily protein or placebo supplementation ( 15 g protein at breakfast and lunch ) . MEASUREMENTS Skeletal muscle mass ( DXA ) , muscle fiber size ( muscle biopsy ) , strength ( 1-RM ) , and physical performance ( SPPB ) were assessed at baseline , and after 12 and 24 weeks of dietary intervention . RESULTS Skeletal muscle mass did not change in the protein- ( from 45.8 ± 1.7 to 45.8 ± 1.7 kg ) or placebo-supplemented group ( from 46.7 ± 1.7 to 46.6 ± 1.7 kg ) following 24 weeks of intervention ( P > .05 ) . In accordance , type I and II muscle fiber size did not change over time ( P > .05 ) . Muscle strength increased significantly in both groups ( P < .01 ) , with leg extension strength tending to increase to a greater extent in the protein ( 57 ± 5 to 68 ± 5 kg ) compared with the placebo group ( 57 ± 5 to 63 ± 5 kg ) ( treatment × time interaction effect : P = .059 ) . Physical performance improved significantly from 8.9 ± 0.6 to 10.0 ± 0.6 points in the protein group and did not change in the placebo group ( from 7.8 ± 0.6 to 7.9 ± 0.6 points ) ( treatment × time interaction effect : P = .02 ) . CONCLUSION Dietary protein supplementation improves physical performance , but does not increase skeletal muscle mass in frail elderly people
This systematic review highlights the effects of dairy products on muscle mass , muscle strength and body performance in the elderly population in the perspective of Ca , P , vitamin D and protein
The risk of sarcopenia increases with aging .
Malnutrition in the elderly population is an important risk factor for sarcopenia .
Calcium ( Ca ) , phosphate ( P ) , vitamin D and protein are key nutrients for the human body and affect muscle mass and quality .
Dairy products are rich in these nutrients , which implicates that dairy products might be ideal for elderly population .