There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .
Liver Fat Is Reduced by an Isoenergetic MUFA Diet in a Controlled Randomized Study in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of qualitative dietary changes and the interaction with aerobic exercise training on liver fat content independent of weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS With use of a factorial 2 × 2 r and omized parallel-group design , 37 men and 8 women , aged 35–70 years , with type 2 diabetes in satisfactory blood glucose control on diet or diet plus metformin treatment  were assigned to one of the following groups for an 8-week period : 1 ) high-carbohydrate/high-fiber/low – glycemic index diet ( CHO/fiber group ) , 2 ) high-MUFA diet ( MUFA group ) , 3 ) high-carbohydrate/high-fiber/low – glycemic index diet plus physical activity program ( CHO/fiber+Ex group ) , and 4 ) high-MUFA diet plus physical activity program ( MUFA+Ex group ) . Before and after intervention , hepatic fat content was measured by 1H NMR . RESULTS Dietary compliance was optimal and body weight remained stable in all groups . Liver fat content decreased more in MUFA ( −29 % ) and MUFA+Ex ( −25 % ) groups than in CHO/fiber ( −4 % ) and CHO/fiber+Ex groups ( −6 % ) . Two-way repeated- measures ANOVA , including baseline values as covariate , showed a significant effect on liver fat content for diet ( P = 0.006 ) , with no effects for exercise training ( P = 0.789 ) or diet-exercise interaction ( P = 0.712 ) . CONCLUSIONS An isocaloric diet enriched in MUFA compared with a diet higher in carbohydrate and fiber was associated with a clinical ly relevant reduction of hepatic fat content in type 2 diabetic patients independent of an aerobic training program and should be considered for the nutritional management of hepatic steatosis in people with type 2 diabetes
There is low to high ( majority moderate ) certainty for small improvements of unclear clinical importance in plasma glucose , triglycerides , and HDL concentrations favoring low-carbohydrate food at half of the prespecified time points .
There was little to no difference in LDL concentration or any of the secondary outcomes ( body weight , waist circumference , blood pressure , quality of life ) in response to either of the diets ( very-low- to high-certainty evidence ) .
Conclusions Currently available data provide low- to moderate-certainty evidence that dietary carbohydrate restriction to a maximum of 40 % yields slightly better metabolic control of uncertain clinical importance than reduction in fat to a maximum of 30 % in people with T2D .
Background It remains uncertain which diet is best for people with type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) .
Objective We compared the effects of dietary carbohydrate restriction with fat restriction on markers of metabolic syndrome and quality of life in people with T2D .