No significant treatment effects were observed for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR , however the direction of effect favoured tree nuts .
Pooled analyses show that tree nuts improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes , supporting their inclusion in a healthy diet .
BACKGROUND Tree nut consumption has been associated with reduced diabetes risk , however , results from r and omized trials on glycemic control have been inconsistent .
OBJECTIVE To provide better evidence for diabetes guidelines development , we conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials to assess the effects of tree nuts on markers of glycemic control in individuals with diabetes .
Insulin sensitivity indices obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing: comparison with the euglycemic insulin clamp.
OBJECTIVE Several methods have been proposed to evaluate insulin sensitivity from the data obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT ) . However , the validity of these indices has not been rigorously evaluated by comparing them with the direct measurement of insulin sensitivity obtained with the euglycemic insulin clamp technique . In this study , we compare various insulin sensitivity indices derived from the OGTT with whole-body insulin sensitivity measured by the euglycemic insulin clamp technique . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this study , 153 subjects ( 66 men and 87 women , aged 18 - 71 years , BMI 20 - 65 kg/m2 ) with varying degrees of glucose tolerance ( 62 subjects with normal glucose tolerance , 31 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance , and 60 subjects with type 2 diabetes ) were studied . After a 10-h overnight fast , all subjects underwent , in r and om order , a 75-g OGTT and a euglycemic insulin clamp , which was performed with the infusion of [3 - 3H]glucose . The indices of insulin sensitivity derived from OGTT data and the euglycemic insulin clamp were compared by correlation analysis . RESULTS The mean plasma glucose concentration divided by the mean plasma insulin concentration during the OGTT displayed no correlation with the rate of whole-body glucose disposal during the euglycemic insulin clamp ( r = -0.02 , NS ) . From the OGTT , we developed an index of whole-body insulin sensitivity ( 10,000/square root of [ fasting glucose x fasting insulin ] x [ mean glucose x mean insulin during OGTT ] ) , which is highly correlated ( r = 0.73 , P < 0.0001 ) with the rate of whole-body glucose disposal during the euglycemic insulin clamp . CONCLUSIONS Previous methods used to derive an index of insulin sensitivity from the OGTT have relied on the ratio of plasma glucose to insulin concentration during the OGTT . Our results demonstrate the limitations of such an approach . We have derived a novel estimate of insulin sensitivity that is simple to calculate and provides a reasonable approximation of whole-body insulin sensitivity from the OGTT
No significant treatment effects were observed for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR , however the direction of effect favoured tree nuts .
Pooled analyses show that tree nuts improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes , supporting their inclusion in a healthy diet .
BACKGROUND Tree nut consumption has been associated with reduced diabetes risk , however , results from r and omized trials on glycemic control have been inconsistent .
OBJECTIVE To provide better evidence for diabetes guidelines development , we conducted a systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials to assess the effects of tree nuts on markers of glycemic control in individuals with diabetes .