Inflammation appeared to be associated with greater loss of muscle strength .
There was inconclusive evidence that the level of physical activity affects change in skeletal muscle .
In regard to the effect of interventions , only exercise interventions were consistently associated with improved skeletal muscle outcomes .
CONCLUSIONS Adult patients who undergo an unplanned hospital admission may experience a small reduction in knee extension strength and mid-arm muscle mass .
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the review was to describe change that occurs in skeletal muscle during periods of unplanned hospitalisation in adult patients .
The secondary objective was to examine the relationship between both physical activity and inflammation with the change in skeletal muscle .
A further objective was to investigate the effect of interventions on change in skeletal muscle during periods of unplanned hospitalisation .
Improved Functional Performance in Geriatric Patients During Hospital Stay
Objective The aim of this work was to evaluate the time course of changes in strength and functional performance in elderly hospitalized medical patients . Design This was a prospect i ve observational study in elderly medical patients of age 65 years or older at a geriatric department . Measurements were obtained on days 2 to 4 , day 5 to 8 , and days 9 to 13 . Functional performance was measured with  De Morton Mobility Index ( DEMMI ) test  and a 30-second chair st and test ( 30-s CST ) . Muscular strength was measured with h and grip strength . Activity level was determined with  accelerometry ( ActivPAL ) . Results Results in DEMMI and 30-s CST gradually improved ( P < 0.05 ) , whereas h and grip strength remained unchanged ( P > 0.05 ) . Larger functional improvements were observed in patients with “ high ” compared to “ low ” and “ moderate ” activity level ( P < 0.05 ) . Changes in DEMMI score correlated with changes in 30-s CST ( P < 0.05 ) ; however , changes in DEMMI score and 30-s CST were more likely to occur in patients with a low versus high functional level , respectively . Conclusions Functional performance of the lower extremities in geriatric patients improves moderately over the time of a hospital stay of less than 14 days , with larger improvements in patients with high activity level . The DEMMI test and the 30-s CST seem to be complementary to each other when evaluating functional changes in a geriatric hospital population . To Cl aim CME Credits Complete the self- assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME CME Objectives Upon completion of this article , the reader should be able to ( 1 ) describe changes in mobility and muscle strength of geriatric patients during a hospital stay of less than 14 days , ( 2 ) underst and the significance of physical activity during hospital admission in geriatric patients , and ( 3 ) discuss the potential limitations of measures for assessing mobility and lower extremity strength status and change during a hospital admission . Level Advanced Accreditation The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians . The Association of Academic Physiatrists design ates this activity for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s) ™ . Physicians should only cl aim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity
Inflammation appeared to be associated with greater loss of muscle strength .
There was inconclusive evidence that the level of physical activity affects change in skeletal muscle .
In regard to the effect of interventions , only exercise interventions were consistently associated with improved skeletal muscle outcomes .
CONCLUSIONS Adult patients who undergo an unplanned hospital admission may experience a small reduction in knee extension strength and mid-arm muscle mass .
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the review was to describe change that occurs in skeletal muscle during periods of unplanned hospitalisation in adult patients .
The secondary objective was to examine the relationship between both physical activity and inflammation with the change in skeletal muscle .
A further objective was to investigate the effect of interventions on change in skeletal muscle during periods of unplanned hospitalisation .