Maternal fat intake ( n = 25 ) might be associated with gestational weight gain as suggested by observational studies , although the direction of this association might depend on specific types of fat ( e.g. , saturated fat ) .
Macronutrient intake was not consistently associated with the prevalence of inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain .
CONCLUSIONS The current literature provides evidence that energy intake is associated with gestational weight gain , but the roles of individual macronutrients are inconsistent .
BACKGROUND  Abnormal gestational weight gain is associated with unfavorable pregnancy outcomes .
Several risk factors have been identified , but the effect of macronutrient intake during pregnancy on gestational weight gain has not been systematic ally evaluated in both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries .
Influence of maternal nutrient intake and weight gain on neonatal birth weight: A prospective cohort study in southern Thailand
Objectives . To assess the  nutritional intake and gestational weight gain of pregnant women and the relationship between nutritional intake , gestational weight gain , and neonatal birth weight . Methods . A prospect i ve cohort study was carried out in three districts of Songkhla Province in southern Thail and . Nutritional intakes were calculated based on a 24-h food record and a food frequency checklist . The women were followed until delivery and the neonatal birth weight recorded . Results . Two hundred and thirty-six pregnant women with a mean age of 27.2 ± 6.2 years were recruited . The average daily energy intake was 1806 ± 482 kcal . The average gestational weight gain was 12.2 ± 4.6 kg and the average neonatal birth weight was 3054 ± 474 g. Micronutrient intakes were overall inadequate averaging only 50–80 % of recommended levels . Neonatal birth weight was significantly positively correlated with gestational weight gain ( r = 0.17 , p = 0.01 ) , but was not correlated with maternal nutritional intakes . Conclusions . Pregnant women in rural areas of Songkhla Province consume adequate macronutrients with appropriate gestational weight gain , but generally consume inadequate micronutrients . A nutritional education program explaining the importance of micronutrients should be a focus of a public education program
Maternal fat intake ( n = 25 ) might be associated with gestational weight gain as suggested by observational studies , although the direction of this association might depend on specific types of fat ( e.g. , saturated fat ) .
Macronutrient intake was not consistently associated with the prevalence of inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain .
CONCLUSIONS The current literature provides evidence that energy intake is associated with gestational weight gain , but the roles of individual macronutrients are inconsistent .
BACKGROUND  Abnormal gestational weight gain is associated with unfavorable pregnancy outcomes .
Several risk factors have been identified , but the effect of macronutrient intake during pregnancy on gestational weight gain has not been systematic ally evaluated in both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries .