Results Overall , exercise intolerance is prevalent in pediatric chronic disease .
Background Physical activity ( PA ) is associated with a diverse range of health benefits .
International guidelines suggest that children should be participating in a minimum of 60 min of moderate to vigorous intensity PA per day to achieve these benefits .
However , current guidelines are intended for healthy children , and thus may not be applicable to children with a chronic disease .
Specifically , the dose of PA and disease specific exercise considerations are not included in these guidelines , leaving such children with few , if any , evidence -based informed suggestions pertaining to PA .
Thus , the purpose of this narrative review was to consider current literature in the area of exercise as medicine and provide practical applications for exercise in five prevalent pediatric chronic diseases : respiratory , congenital heart , metabolic , systemic inflammatory/autoimmune , and cancer .
Effectiveness of a 5-year school-based intervention programme to reduce adiposity and improve fitness and lifestyle in Indian children; the SYM-KEM study
Design Non-r and omised non-blinded school-based intervention study . Setting Two schools in the cities of Pune and Nasik , India . Participants The intervention group comprised children attending a Pune school from 7–10 years until 12–15 years of age . Two control groups comprised children of the same age attending a similar school in Nasik , and children in the Pune intervention school but aged 12–15 years at the start of the study . Intervention A 5-year multi-intervention programme , covering three domains : physical activity , diet and general health , and including increased extracurricular and intracurricular physical activity sessions ; daily yoga-based breathing exercises ; making physical activity a ‘ scoring ’ subject ; nutrition education ; healthier school meals ; removal of fast-food hawkers from the school environs ; and health and nutrition education for teachers , pupils and families . Main outcome measures Body mass index ( BMI ) , waist circumference , physical fitness according to simple tests of strength , flexibility and endurance ; diet ; and lifestyle indicators ( time watching TV , study ing and actively playing ) . Results After 5 years the intervention children were fitter than controls in running , long jump , sit-up and push-up tests ( p<0.05 for all ) . They reported spending less time sedentary ( watching TV and study ing ) , more time actively playing and eating fruit more often ( p<0.05 ) . The intervention did not reduce BMI or the prevalence of overweight/obesity , but waist circumference was lower than in the Pune controls ( p=0.004 ) . Conclusions It was possible to achieve multiple health-promoting changes in an academically competitive Indian school . These changes result ed in improved physical fitness , but had no impact on the children 's BMI or on the prevalence of overweight/obesity
Results Overall , exercise intolerance is prevalent in pediatric chronic disease .
Background Physical activity ( PA ) is associated with a diverse range of health benefits .
International guidelines suggest that children should be participating in a minimum of 60 min of moderate to vigorous intensity PA per day to achieve these benefits .
However , current guidelines are intended for healthy children , and thus may not be applicable to children with a chronic disease .
Specifically , the dose of PA and disease specific exercise considerations are not included in these guidelines , leaving such children with few , if any , evidence -based informed suggestions pertaining to PA .
Thus , the purpose of this narrative review was to consider current literature in the area of exercise as medicine and provide practical applications for exercise in five prevalent pediatric chronic diseases : respiratory , congenital heart , metabolic , systemic inflammatory/autoimmune , and cancer .