Surgery results in greater improvement in weight loss outcomes and weight associated comorbidities compared with non-surgical interventions , regardless of the type of procedures used .
When compared with each other , certain procedures result ed in greater weight loss and improvements in comorbidities than others .
Outcomes were similar between RYGB and sleeve gastrectomy , and both of these procedures had better outcomes than adjustable gastric b and ing .
For people with very high BMI , biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch result ed in greater weight loss than RYGB .
Isolated sleeve gastrectomy led to better weight-loss outcomes than adjustable gastric b and ing after three years follow-up .
BACKGROUND Bariatric ( weight loss ) surgery for obesity is considered when other treatments have failed .
The effects of the available bariatric procedures compared with medical management and with each other are uncertain .
This is an up date of a Cochrane review first published in 2003 and most recently up date d in 2009 .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of bariatric surgery for overweight and obesity , including the control of comorbidities .
Weight loss maintenance in successful weight losers: surgical versus non-surgical methods
Objective : As large weight losses are rarely achieved through any method except bariatric surgery , there have been no studies comparing individuals who initially lost large amounts of weight through bariatric surgery or non-surgical means .  The National Weight Control Registry ( NWCR ) provides a re source for making such unique comparisons . This study compared the amount of weight regain , behaviors and psychological characteristics in NWCR participants who were equally successful in losing and maintaining large amounts of weight through either bariatric surgery or non-surgical methods . Design :  Surgical participants ( n=105 ) were matched with two non-surgical participants ( n=210 ) on gender , entry weight , maximum weight loss and weight-maintenance duration , and compared prospect ively over 1 year . Results : Participants in the surgical and non-surgical groups reported having lost approximately 56 kg and keeping ⩾13.6 kg off for 5.5±7.1 years . Both groups gained small but significant amounts of weight from registry entry to 1 year ( P=0.034 ) , but did not significantly differ in magnitude of weight regain ( 1.8±7.5 and 1.7±7.0 kg for surgical and non-surgical groups , respectively ; P=0.369 ) . Surgical participants reported less physical activity , more fast food and fat consumption , less dietary restraint , and higher depression and stress at entry and 1 year . Higher levels of disinhibition at entry and increased disinhibition over 1 year were related to weight regain in both groups . Conclusions : Despite marked behavioral differences between the groups , significant differences in weight regain were not observed . The findings suggest that weight-loss maintenance comparable with that after bariatric surgery can be accomplished through non-surgical methods with more intensive behavioral efforts . Increased susceptibility to cues that trigger overeating may increase risk of weight regain regardless of initial weight-loss method
Surgery results in greater improvement in weight loss outcomes and weight associated comorbidities compared with non-surgical interventions , regardless of the type of procedures used .
When compared with each other , certain procedures result ed in greater weight loss and improvements in comorbidities than others .
Outcomes were similar between RYGB and sleeve gastrectomy , and both of these procedures had better outcomes than adjustable gastric b and ing .
For people with very high BMI , biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch result ed in greater weight loss than RYGB .
Isolated sleeve gastrectomy led to better weight-loss outcomes than adjustable gastric b and ing after three years follow-up .
BACKGROUND Bariatric ( weight loss ) surgery for obesity is considered when other treatments have failed .
The effects of the available bariatric procedures compared with medical management and with each other are uncertain .
This is an up date of a Cochrane review first published in 2003 and most recently up date d in 2009 .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of bariatric surgery for overweight and obesity , including the control of comorbidities .