CBTs provided a small incremental benefit over control interventions in reducing pain , negative mood and disability at the end of treatment and at long-term follow-up .
The dropout rates due to any reason did not differ between CBTs and controls
BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia ( FM ) is a clinical ly well-defined chronic condition of unknown aetiology characterized by chronic widespread pain that often co-exists with sleep disturbances , cognitive dysfunction and fatigue .
Patients often report high disability levels and negative mood .
Psychotherapies focus on reducing key symptoms , improving daily functioning , mood and sense of personal control over pain .
OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of cognitive behavioural therapies ( CBTs ) for treating FM at end of treatment and at long-term ( at least six months ) follow-up .
The placebo is powerful: estimating placebo effects in medicine and psychotherapy from randomized clinical trials.
The logic of the r and omized double-blind placebo control group design is presented , and problems with using the design in psychotherapy are discussed .  Placebo effects are estimated by examining clinical trials in medicine and psychotherapy . In medicine , a recent meta- analysis of clinical trials with treatment , placebo , and no treatment arms was conducted ( Hróbjartsson & Gøtzsche , 2001 ) , and it was concluded that placebos have small or no effects . A re- analysis of those studies , presented here , shows that when disorders are amenable to placebos and the design is adequate to detect the effects , the placebo effect is robust and approaches the treatment effect . For psychological disorders , particularly depression , it has been shown that pill placebos are nearly as effective as active medications whereas psychotherapies are more effective than psychological placebos . However , it is shown that when properly design ed , psychological placebos are as effective as accepted psychotherapies
CBTs provided a small incremental benefit over control interventions in reducing pain , negative mood and disability at the end of treatment and at long-term follow-up .
The dropout rates due to any reason did not differ between CBTs and controls
BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia ( FM ) is a clinical ly well-defined chronic condition of unknown aetiology characterized by chronic widespread pain that often co-exists with sleep disturbances , cognitive dysfunction and fatigue .
Patients often report high disability levels and negative mood .
Psychotherapies focus on reducing key symptoms , improving daily functioning , mood and sense of personal control over pain .
OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of cognitive behavioural therapies ( CBTs ) for treating FM at end of treatment and at long-term ( at least six months ) follow-up .