No significant differences were observed for weight , waist circumference , fat mass , blood lipids ( i.e. total cholesterol , LDL-cholesterol , HDL-cholesterol , triacylglycerols ) , C-reactive protein , diastolic and systolic blood pressure , fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin .
Sensitivity analysis of high quality RCTs confirmed the data of the primary analyses , while exclusion of studies with diabetic subjects result ed in an additional benefit of high-protein diets with respect to a more marked increase in HDL-cholesterol .
Conclusion According to the present meta- analysis of long-term RCTs , high-protein diets exerted neither specific beneficial nor detrimental effects on outcome markers of obesity , cardiovascular disease or glycemic control .
Background Meta-analyses of short-term studies indicate favorable effects of higher protein vs. lower protein diets on health outcomes like adiposity or cardiovascular risk factors , but their long-term effects are unknown .
The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials
Flaws in the design , conduct , analysis , and reporting of r and omised trials can cause the effect of an intervention to be underestimated or overestimated . The Cochrane Collaboration ’s tool for assessing risk of bias aims to make the process clearer and more
No significant differences were observed for weight , waist circumference , fat mass , blood lipids ( i.e. total cholesterol , LDL-cholesterol , HDL-cholesterol , triacylglycerols ) , C-reactive protein , diastolic and systolic blood pressure , fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin .
Sensitivity analysis of high quality RCTs confirmed the data of the primary analyses , while exclusion of studies with diabetic subjects result ed in an additional benefit of high-protein diets with respect to a more marked increase in HDL-cholesterol .
Conclusion According to the present meta- analysis of long-term RCTs , high-protein diets exerted neither specific beneficial nor detrimental effects on outcome markers of obesity , cardiovascular disease or glycemic control .
Background Meta-analyses of short-term studies indicate favorable effects of higher protein vs. lower protein diets on health outcomes like adiposity or cardiovascular risk factors , but their long-term effects are unknown .