Conclusions The results of this systematic review suggested that NiTi rotary instruments were associated with lower canal transportation and apical extrusion when compared to SST h and files , whereas both groups had similar outcomes in terms of success of therapy , amount of residual bacteria , and cleansing ability after treatment .
Introduction This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of  nickel‐titanium ( NiTi ) rotary files compared to stainless‐steel ( SST ) h and files .
A comparative study of biofilm removal with hand, rotary nickel-titanium, and self-adjusting file instrumentation using a novel in vitro biofilm model.
INTRODUCTION This study sought to present a st and ardized biofilm model in extracted teeth with an artificial apical groove to quantify the efficacy of h and , rotary nickel-titanium , and self-adjusting file ( SAF ) instrumentation in biofilm bacteria removal . METHODS Thirty-six extracted single-rooted teeth with oblong canals were selected . Each tooth was split longitudinally , and a 0.2-mm-wide groove was placed in the apical 2 to 5 mm of the canal . After growing mixed bacteria biofilm inside the canal under an anaerobic condition , the split halves were reassembled in a custom block , creating an apical vapor lock . Teeth were r and omly divided into 3 treatment groups ( n = 10 per group ) using the K-file , ProFile ( Dentsply Tulsa Dental Products , Tulsa , OK ) , and the SAF ( ReDent-Nova , Ra'anana , Israel ) . Irrigation consisted of 10 mL 3 % NaOCl and 4 mL 17 % EDTA .  Six teeth received no treatment . Areas inside and outside the groove were examined using a scanning electron microscope . RESULTS The scanning electron microscope showed a consistently thick layer of biofilm grown in the canals of the control group after 4 weeks . Within the groove , a smaller area remained occupied by bacteria after the use of the SAF compared with the ProFile and the K-file ( 3.25 % , 19.25 % , and 26.98 % , respectively ; P < .05 ) . For all groups , significantly more bacteria were removed outside the groove than inside ( P < .05 ) . No statistical differences were found outside the groove ( P > .05 ) . CONCLUSIONS Although all techniques equally removed bacteria outside the groove , the SAF reduced significantly more bacteria within the apical groove . No technique was able to remove all bacteria . This biofilm model represents a potentially useful tool for the future study of root canal disinfection
Conclusions The results of this systematic review suggested that NiTi rotary instruments were associated with lower canal transportation and apical extrusion when compared to SST h and files , whereas both groups had similar outcomes in terms of success of therapy , amount of residual bacteria , and cleansing ability after treatment .
Introduction This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of  nickel‐titanium ( NiTi ) rotary files compared to stainless‐steel ( SST ) h and files .