Authors ' conclusions Training probably improves quality of care ( i.e. adherence to recommended practice ) , regulation may improve quality of care , and we are uncertain about the effects of co‐ordination on quality of private for‐profit healthcare services in LMICs .
Background Governments use different approaches to ensure that private for‐profit healthcare services meet certain quality st and ards .
Such government guidance , referred to as public stewardship , encompasses government policies , regulatory mechanisms , and implementation strategies for ensuring accountability in the delivery of services .
However , the effectiveness of these strategies in low‐ and middle‐income countries ( LMICs ) have not been the subject of a systematic review .
Objectives To assess the effects of public sector regulation , training , or co‐ordination of the private for‐profit health sector in low‐ and middle‐income countries .
Impact of ministry of health interventions on private medicine retailer knowledge and practices on anti-malarial treatment in Kenya.
Small-scale interventions on training medicine retailers on malaria treatment improve over-the-counter medicine use , but there is little evidence on effectiveness when scaled up . This study evaluated the impact of Ministry of Health ( MoH ) training programs on the knowledge and practice s of medicine retailers in three districts in Kenya . A cluster r and omized trial was planned across 10 administrative divisions . Findings indicated that 30.7 % ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] : 23.3 , 39.0 ) and 5.2 % ( 95 % CI : 2.1 , 10.3 ) of program and control retailers , respectively , sold MoH amodiaquine  with correct advice on use to surrogate clients ( OR = 8.8 ; 95 % CI : 2.9 , 26.9 ; P < 0.001 ) . Similarly , 61.8 % ( 95 % CI : 54.2 , 69.1 ) and 6.3 % ( 95 % CI : 2.7 , 12.1 ) of program and control retailers , respectively , reported correct knowledge on dosing with amodiaquine ( OR = 29.8 ; 95 % CI : 8.2 , 108.8 ) . Large-scale retailer training programs within the national malaria control framework led to significant improvements in retailers ' practice s across three districts
Authors ' conclusions Training probably improves quality of care ( i.e. adherence to recommended practice ) , regulation may improve quality of care , and we are uncertain about the effects of co‐ordination on quality of private for‐profit healthcare services in LMICs .
Background Governments use different approaches to ensure that private for‐profit healthcare services meet certain quality st and ards .
Such government guidance , referred to as public stewardship , encompasses government policies , regulatory mechanisms , and implementation strategies for ensuring accountability in the delivery of services .
However , the effectiveness of these strategies in low‐ and middle‐income countries ( LMICs ) have not been the subject of a systematic review .
Objectives To assess the effects of public sector regulation , training , or co‐ordination of the private for‐profit health sector in low‐ and middle‐income countries .