Conclusions This review shows that physical frailty indicators can predict ADL disability in community-dwelling elderly people .
Slow gait speed and low physical activity/exercise seem to be the most powerful predictors followed by weight loss , lower extremity function , balance , muscle strength , and other indicators .
Nevertheless , our study suggests that monitoring physical frailty indicators in community-dwelling elderly people might be useful to identify elderly people who could benefit from disability prevention programs
Background Disability in Activities of Daily Living ( ADL ) is an adverse outcome of frailty that places a burden on frail elderly people , care providers and the care system .
Knowing which physical frailty indicators predict ADL disability is useful in identifying elderly people who might benefit from an intervention that prevents disability or increases functioning in daily life .
The objective of this study was to systematic ally review the literature on the predictive value of physical frailty indicators on ADL disability in community-dwelling elderly people .
A comparison of frailty indexes for the prediction of falls, disability, fractures, and mortality in older men.
OBJECTIVES To compare the validity of a parsimonious frailty index ( components : weight loss , inability to rise from a chair , and poor energy ( Study of Osteoporotic Fractures ( SOF ) index ) ) with that of the more complex Cardiovascular Health Study ( CHS ) index ( components : unintentional weight loss , low grip strength , poor energy , slowness , and low physical activity ) for prediction of adverse outcomes in older men . DESIGN Prospect i ve cohort study . SETTING Six U.S. centers . PARTICIPANTS Three thous and one hundred thirty-two men aged 67 and older . MEASUREMENTS Frailty status categorized as robust , intermediate stage , or frail using the SOF index and criteria similar to those used in CHS index . Falls were reported three times for 1 year . Disability ( > or=1 new impairments in performing instrumental activities of daily living ) ascertained at 1 year . Fractures and deaths ascertained during 3 years of follow-up . Analysis of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ( AUC ) statistics compared for models containing the SOF index versus those containing the CHS index . RESULTS Greater evidence of frailty as defined by either index was associated with greater risk of adverse outcomes .  Frail men had a higher age-adjusted risk of recurrent falls ( odds ratio (OR)=3.0 - 3.6 ) , disability ( OR=5.3 - 7.5 ) , nonspine fracture ( hazard ratio (HR)=2.2 - 2.3 ) , and death ( HR=2.5 - 3.5 ) ( P<.001 for all models ) . AUC comparisons revealed no differences between models with the SOF index and models with the CHS index in discriminating falls ( AUC=0.63 , P=.97 ) , disability ( AUC=0.68 , P=.86 ) , nonspine fracture ( AUC=0.63 , P=.90 ) , or death ( AUC=0.71 for model with SOF index and 0.72 for model with CHS index , P=.19 ) . CONCLUSION The simple SOF index predicts risk of falls , disability , fracture , and mortality in men as well as the more-complex CHS index
Conclusions This review shows that physical frailty indicators can predict ADL disability in community-dwelling elderly people .
Slow gait speed and low physical activity/exercise seem to be the most powerful predictors followed by weight loss , lower extremity function , balance , muscle strength , and other indicators .
Nevertheless , our study suggests that monitoring physical frailty indicators in community-dwelling elderly people might be useful to identify elderly people who could benefit from disability prevention programs
Background Disability in Activities of Daily Living ( ADL ) is an adverse outcome of frailty that places a burden on frail elderly people , care providers and the care system .
Knowing which physical frailty indicators predict ADL disability is useful in identifying elderly people who might benefit from an intervention that prevents disability or increases functioning in daily life .
The objective of this study was to systematic ally review the literature on the predictive value of physical frailty indicators on ADL disability in community-dwelling elderly people .