Overall , the current literature supports clearly the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the seven chronic conditions identified .
Moreover , higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk for premature all-cause mortality .
The current Canadian guidelines appear to be appropriate to reduce the risk for the seven chronic conditions identified above and all-cause mortality
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults .
Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular disease , stroke , hypertension , colon cancer , breast cancer , type 2 diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ) and osteoporosis ) .
The strength of the relationship between physical activity and specific health outcomes is evaluated critically .
Cardiorespiratory fitness and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: prospective study of Japanese men.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and the incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese men . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This prospect i ve cohort study was conducted in 4747 nondiabetic Japanese men , aged 20 - 40 years at baseline , enrolled in 1985 with follow-up to June 1999 .  Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured using a cycle ergometer test , and Vo(2max )  was estimated . During a 14-year follow-up , 280 men developed type 2 diabetes .  RESULTS The age-adjusted relative risks of developing type 2 diabetes across quartiles of cardiorespiratory fitness ( lowest to highest ) were 1.0 ( referent ) , 0.56 ( 95 % CI 0.42 - 0.75 ) , 0.35 ( 0.25 - 0.50 ) , and 0.25 ( 0.17 - 0.37 ) ( for trend , P < 0.001 ) . After further adjustment for BMI , systolic blood pressure , family history of diabetes , smoking status , and alcohol intake , the association between type 2 diabetes risk and cardiorespiratory fitness was attenuated but remained significant ( 1.0 , 0.78 , 0.63 , and 0.56 , respectively ; for trend , P = 0.001 ) . CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that a low cardiorespiratory fitness level is an important risk factor for incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese men
Overall , the current literature supports clearly the dose-response relationship between physical activity and the seven chronic conditions identified .
Moreover , higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk for premature all-cause mortality .
The current Canadian guidelines appear to be appropriate to reduce the risk for the seven chronic conditions identified above and all-cause mortality
This systematic review examines critically the scientific basis for Canada 's Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living for adults .
Particular reference is given to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and premature all-cause mortality and seven chronic diseases ( cardiovascular disease , stroke , hypertension , colon cancer , breast cancer , type 2 diabetes ( diabetes mellitus ) and osteoporosis ) .
The strength of the relationship between physical activity and specific health outcomes is evaluated critically .