All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .
Autologous fibrin sealant reduces pain after tonsillectomy.
OBJECTIVES /HYPOTHESIS Pain is a major cause of morbidity after  tonsillectomy .  Although various efforts have been made to reduce pain , the use of oral analgesics , which can have adverse side effects , remains the st and ard of care . It is hypothesized that fibrin sealant , used to achieve hemostasis and enhance healing in many surgical procedures , might help decrease pain after this operation . STUDY DESIGN A prospect i ve , r and omized , blinded study was performed on 20 children aged 5 to 17 years who were undergoing tonsillectomy  , to evaluate the efficacy of FIBRIN SEALANT in reducing postoperative pain . METHODS All patients pre-donated 40 mL of blood from which autologous concentrated fibrinogen was prepared by cryoprecipitation . In the fibrin sealant group , fibrinogen and topical bovine thrombin were sprayed onto the surgical site to form fibrin sealant at the conclusion of tonsillectomy . The 10 patients in the control group ( C ) received no fibrin sealant . Patients rated their level of pain immediately after surgery and at regular intervals for 3 days after surgery using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale ( 1 - 6 ) . Emesis , postoperative bleeding , medications , and adverse events were also evaluated . RESULTS At 7.00 P.M. on postoperative day ( POD ) 0 , the mean + /- SD fibrin sealant group pain score ( 2.9+/-0.41 units ) was significantly lower than for the C group ( 4.1+/-0.43 units ; P < or = .05 ) . There was also a trend in favor of less pain in the fibrin sealant group at 7:00 P.M. on POD 1 , with a mean of 3.5+/-0.43 units versus 2.4+/-0.48 units for C ( P = .15 ) . The odds of a patient in C experiencing emesis were 8.16 times higher , ( P < or = .05 ) than for patients in the fibrin sealant group . CONCLUSIONS Fibrin sealant significantly reduced pain the evening after pediatric tonsillectomy and also decreased the chance of experiencing emesis . Thus fibrin sealant may be clinical ly useful as an adjunct to tonsillectomy
All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .