Controlled trials on infant neurodevelopment were lacking ; gestational iodine supplementation reduced maternal thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin and in some studies prevented a rise in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone .
Iodine supplementation improves some maternal thyroid indices and may benefit aspects of cognitive function in school-age children , even in marginally iodine-deficient areas .
BACKGROUND Although the detrimental effects of severe iodine deficiency are well recognised , the benefits of correcting mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency are uncertain .
OBJECTIVES We undertook a systematic review of the impact of iodine supplementation in population s with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency .
Amelioration of some pregnancy-associated variations in thyroid function by iodine supplementation.
Knowledge of the effect of differences in iodine intake levels on public health in areas with no endemic goiter is limited . Groups at risk when iodine intake is relatively low are pregnant and lactating women and their newborns . A prospect i ve r and omized study was performed to evaluate the effect of iodine supplementation in an area where the median daily iodine excretion in urine is around 50 micrograms . Fifty-four normal pregnant women were r and omized to be controls or to receive 200 micrograms iodine/day from weeks 17 - 18 of pregnancy until 12 months after delivery . In the control group , serum TSH , serum thyroglobulin ( Tg ) , and thyroid size showed significant increases during pregnancy . These variations were ameliorated by iodine supplementation . Iodine did not induce significant variations in serum T4 , T3 , or free T4 . Cord blood Tg was much lower when the mother had received iodine , whereas TSH , T4 , T3 , and free T4 levels were unaltered . The results suggest that a relatively low iodine intake during pregnancy leads to thyroidal stress , with increases in Tg release and thyroid size . However , the thyroid gl and is able to adapt and keep thyroid hormones in the mother and the child normal , at least under normal circumstances , as evaluated in the present study . It is not known whether this stress is sufficient to be of importance for late development of autonomous thyroid growth and function
Controlled trials on infant neurodevelopment were lacking ; gestational iodine supplementation reduced maternal thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin and in some studies prevented a rise in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone .
Iodine supplementation improves some maternal thyroid indices and may benefit aspects of cognitive function in school-age children , even in marginally iodine-deficient areas .
BACKGROUND Although the detrimental effects of severe iodine deficiency are well recognised , the benefits of correcting mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency are uncertain .
OBJECTIVES We undertook a systematic review of the impact of iodine supplementation in population s with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency .