All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .
Lidocaine iontophoresis for topical anesthesia before dermatologic procedures in children: a randomized controlled trial.
Local anesthesia by injection in pediatric patients undergoing dermatologic procedures is not well received because of the pain of injection and the fear of needles . Lidocaine iontophoresis is a method of topical anesthesia where lidocaine is driven into the skin under the influence of electric current . We performed a prospect i ve double-blind , placebo-controlled evaluation of iontophoresis of 2 % lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine .  Sixty children requiring dermatologic procedures were enrolled ( 50 shave biopsy  , 7  curettage  , 2  injection  , 1  punch biopsy ) . Twenty-nine of 31 patients in the lidocaine group versus 2 of 29 placebo patients required no supplemental anesthesia ( p < 0.001 ) . The pain reported by the patients on the Oucher pain scale subsequent to the procedure was significantly lower in the lidocaine group ( p < 0.001 ) . Investigators and parents also rated pain lower in the lidocaine group ( p < 0.001 ) . Blanching and /or erythema occurred in 58 of 60 patients , but resolved within 1 hour in all patients . There were no other adverse events .  Lidocaine iontophoresis is a safe and effective method of topical anesthesia prior to dermatologic procedures in children
All 4 faces pain scales were found to be adequately supported by psychometric data .
When given a choice between faces scales , children preferred the WBFPRS .
Confounding of pain intensity with affect caused by use of smiling and crying anchor faces is a disadvantage of the WBFPRS .
: For clinical use , we found no grounds to switch from 1 faces scale to another when 1 of the scales is in use .
CONTEXT : Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of  pain intensity in children .
It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity , reliability , feasibility , and preference .
OBJECTIVES : To summarize and systematic ally review faces pain scales most commonly used to obtain self-report of pain intensity in children for evaluation of reliability and validity and to compare the scales for preference and utility .