Evidence of low quality suggests that lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds with or without probiotics decreases late-onset sepsis and NEC stage II or III in preterm infants without adverse effects .
BACKGROUND Lactoferrin , a normal component of human colostrum and milk , can enhance host defenses and may be effective for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) in preterm neonates .
To assess the safety and effectiveness of lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds for prevention of sepsis and NEC in preterm neonates Secondary objectives 1 .
To determine the effects of lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds to prevent neonatal sepsis and /or NEC on duration of positive-pressure ventilation , development of chronic lung disease ( CLD ) or periventricular leukomalacia ( PVL ) , length of hospital stay to discharge among survivors , and adverse neurological outcomes at two years of age or later2 .
To determine the adverse effects of lactoferrin supplementation for prophylaxis of neonatal sepsis and /or NECWhen data were available , we analyzed the following subgroups.1 .
Gestational age < 32 weeks and 32 to 36 weeks2 .
Type of feeding : breast milk versus formula milk SEARCH METHODS : We used the search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group ( CNRG ) to up date our search in December 2016 .
Bovine Lactoferrin Prevents Invasive Fungal Infections in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Background : Lactoferrin is a mammalian milk glycoprotein involved in innate immunity . Recent data show that bovine lactoferrin ( bLF ) prevents late-onset sepsis in preterm very low birth weight ( VLBW ) neonates . Methods : This is a secondary analysis of data from a multicenter r and omized controlled trial where preterm VLBW neonates r and omly received bLF ( 100 mg/day ; group A1 ) , bLF + Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ( 106 colony-forming units per day ; group A2 ) , or placebo ( group B ) for 6 weeks . Here we analyze the incidence rates of fungal colonization , invasive fungal infection ( IFI ) , and rate of progression from colonization to infection in all groups . Results : This study included 472 neonates whose clinical , nutritional , and demographical characteristics were similar . Overall , the incidence of fungal colonization was comparable ( 17.6 % , 16.6 % , and 18.5 % in A1 , A2 , and B , respectively ; P = .89 [ A1 ] and .77 [ A2 ] ) . In contrast , IFIs were significantly decreased in A1 and A2 ( 0.7 % and 2.0 % , respectively ) compared with B ( 7.7 % ; P = .002 [ A1 ] and .02 [ A2 ] ) , and this was significantly true both in < 1000 g ( 0.9 % [ A1 ] and 5.6 % [ A2 ] , vs 15.0 % ) and in 1001 to 1500 g infants ( 0 % and 0 % vs 3.7 % ) . The progression rate colonization-infection was significantly lower in the bLF groups : 3.7 % ( A1 ) and 12 % ( A2 ) , vs 41.9 % ; P < .001 ( A1 ) and P = .02 ( A2 ) . No IFI-attributable deaths occurred in the treatment groups , versus 2 in placebo . No adverse effects or intolerances occurred . Conclusions : Prophylactic oral administration of bLF reduces the incidence of IFI in preterm VLBW neonates . No effect is seen on colonization . The protective effect on IFI is likely due to limitation of ability of fungal colonies to progress toward invasion and systemic disease in colonized infants
Evidence of low quality suggests that lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds with or without probiotics decreases late-onset sepsis and NEC stage II or III in preterm infants without adverse effects .
BACKGROUND Lactoferrin , a normal component of human colostrum and milk , can enhance host defenses and may be effective for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) in preterm neonates .
To assess the safety and effectiveness of lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds for prevention of sepsis and NEC in preterm neonates Secondary objectives 1 .
To determine the effects of lactoferrin supplementation to enteral feeds to prevent neonatal sepsis and /or NEC on duration of positive-pressure ventilation , development of chronic lung disease ( CLD ) or periventricular leukomalacia ( PVL ) , length of hospital stay to discharge among survivors , and adverse neurological outcomes at two years of age or later2 .
To determine the adverse effects of lactoferrin supplementation for prophylaxis of neonatal sepsis and /or NECWhen data were available , we analyzed the following subgroups.1 .
Gestational age < 32 weeks and 32 to 36 weeks2 .
Type of feeding : breast milk versus formula milk SEARCH METHODS : We used the search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group ( CNRG ) to up date our search in December 2016 .