The HBET group did not show improvement in MWD/T compared with the WA group ( SMD 0.30 , 95 % CI -0.45 to 1.05 ; P = 0.43 ; moderate- quality evidence ) .Compared with HBET , SET was more beneficial for PFWD/T but had no effect on quality of life parameters nor on self-reported functional impairment .
Compared with WA , SET was more beneficial for PFWD/T and self-reported functional impairment , as well as for some quality of life parameters ( e.g. , physical functioning , pain , and physical component summary after 12 months ) , and HBET had no effect .
Data show no obvious effects on mortality rates .
Evidence of moderate and high quality shows that SET provides an important benefit for treadmill-measured walking distance ( MWD and PFWD ) compared with HBET and WA , respectively .
Although its clinical relevance has not been definitively demonstrated , this benefit translates to increased MWD of 120 and 210 meters after three months in SET groups .
These increased walking distances are likely to have a positive impact on the lives of patients with IC .
Data provide no clear evidence of a difference between HBET and WA .
Trials show no clear differences in quality of life parameters nor in self-reported functional impairment between SET and HBET .
BACKGROUND Although supervised exercise therapy ( SET ) provides significant symptomatic benefit for patients with intermittent claudication ( IC ) , it remains an underutilized tool .
Widespread implementation of SET is restricted by lack of facilities and funding .
Structured home-based exercise therapy ( HBET ) with an observation component ( e.g. , exercise logbooks , pedometers ) and just walking advice ( WA ) are alternatives to SET .
This is the second up date of a review first published in 2006 .
OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to provide an accurate overview of studies evaluating effects of SET programs , HBET programs , and WA on maximal treadmill walking distance or time ( MWD/T ) for patients with IC .
Secondary objectives were to evaluate effects of SET , HBET , and WA on pain-free treadmill walking distance or time ( PFWD/T ) , quality of life , and self-reported functional impairment .
Influence of peripheral arterial disease and supervised walking on heart rate variability.
OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of peripheral arterial disease ( PAD ) on heart rate variability ( HRV ) in patients , and to examine the influence of an intense long-term ( 12 months ) exercise program on HRV in PAD patients . METHODS This study involved ambulatory patients attending a local hospital and university center . Participants were twenty-five patients with diagnosed PAD and intermittent claudication and 24 healthy , age-matched adults . Interventions involved r and om allocation of PAD patients to 12 months of conservative medical treatment ( Conservative ) or medical treatment with supervised treadmill walking ( Exercise ) . The main outcome measures were time- and frequency-domain , nonlinear HRV measures during supine rest , and maximal walking capacity prior to and following the intervention . RESULTS Despite significantly worse walking capacity ( 285 ± 190 m vs 941 ± 336 m ; P < .05 ) , PAD patients exhibited similar resting HRV to healthy adults . At the 12-month follow-up , Exercise patients exhibited a significantly greater improvement in walking capacity ( 183 % ± 185 % vs 57 % ± 135 % ; P = .03 ) with similar small nonsignificant changes in HRV compared with Conservative patients . CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrated that PAD patients exhibited similar resting HRV to healthy adults with 12 months of intense supervised walking producing similar HRV changes to that of conservative medical treatment . The greater walking capacity of healthy adults and PAD patients following supervised exercise does not appear to be associated with enhanced HRV
The HBET group did not show improvement in MWD/T compared with the WA group ( SMD 0.30 , 95 % CI -0.45 to 1.05 ; P = 0.43 ; moderate- quality evidence ) .Compared with HBET , SET was more beneficial for PFWD/T but had no effect on quality of life parameters nor on self-reported functional impairment .
Compared with WA , SET was more beneficial for PFWD/T and self-reported functional impairment , as well as for some quality of life parameters ( e.g. , physical functioning , pain , and physical component summary after 12 months ) , and HBET had no effect .
Data show no obvious effects on mortality rates .
Evidence of moderate and high quality shows that SET provides an important benefit for treadmill-measured walking distance ( MWD and PFWD ) compared with HBET and WA , respectively .
Although its clinical relevance has not been definitively demonstrated , this benefit translates to increased MWD of 120 and 210 meters after three months in SET groups .
These increased walking distances are likely to have a positive impact on the lives of patients with IC .
Data provide no clear evidence of a difference between HBET and WA .
Trials show no clear differences in quality of life parameters nor in self-reported functional impairment between SET and HBET .
BACKGROUND Although supervised exercise therapy ( SET ) provides significant symptomatic benefit for patients with intermittent claudication ( IC ) , it remains an underutilized tool .
Widespread implementation of SET is restricted by lack of facilities and funding .
Structured home-based exercise therapy ( HBET ) with an observation component ( e.g. , exercise logbooks , pedometers ) and just walking advice ( WA ) are alternatives to SET .
This is the second up date of a review first published in 2006 .
OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to provide an accurate overview of studies evaluating effects of SET programs , HBET programs , and WA on maximal treadmill walking distance or time ( MWD/T ) for patients with IC .
Secondary objectives were to evaluate effects of SET , HBET , and WA on pain-free treadmill walking distance or time ( PFWD/T ) , quality of life , and self-reported functional impairment .