Based on available evidence , the NRS-11 , FPS-R , and CAS were strongly recommended for self-report of acute pain .
Only weak recommendations could be made for self-report measures for postoperative and chronic pain .
No measures were recommended for children younger than 6 years , identifying a need for further measurement refinement in this age range .
Abstract In 2006 , PAIN published a systematic review of the measurement properties of self-report pain intensity measures  in children and adolescents ( Stinson JN , Kavanagh T , Yamada J , Gill N , Stevens B. Systematic review of the psychometric properties , interpretability and feasibility of self-report pain intensity measures for use in clinical trials in children and adolescents .
Key developments in pediatric pain necessitate an up date of this work , most notably growing use of the 11-point numeric rating scale ( NRS-11 ) .
Our aim was to review the measurement properties of single-item self-report pain intensity measures in children 3 to 18 years old .
A secondary aim was to develop evidence -based recommendations for measurement of child and adolescent self-report of acute , postoperative , and chronic pain .
Clinically significant changes in acute pain in a pediatric ED using the Color Analog Scale.
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to quantify , using the  Color Analog Scale ( CAS ) , the degree of change in pain severity required to achieve a clinical ly significant improvement in pain . METHODS A prospect i ve descriptive study , using convenience sampling of children aged 5 and 12 years presenting to a pediatric emergency department ( ED ) with acute pain , was done . Children were asked to mark their pain severity on a previously vali date d CAS . After a pain intervention , the child was again asked to mark their pain intensity on the CAS and asked to describe the relative change in their pain . The main outcome measure was to quantify the smallest change required for the child to state that their pain was improved . RESULTS One hundred twenty-six children with a mean age of 8.6 years ( SD , 2.8 years ) were enrolled . Males accounted for 56 % . Pain was traumatic in 47.6 % and nontraumatic in 52.4 % . Of the 126 pain comparisons made , 28 children described their pain as " the same " and had a mean change in score of -0.10 cm ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , -2.27 to 2.07 cm ) . Pain was judged to be a " little less " in 58 children , and the CAS score changed by a mean of -2.4 cm ( 95 % CI , -3.15 to -1.72 cm ) . In the 29 children who judged their pain to be " much less , " the CAS score decreased by a mean of -5.4 cm ( 95 % CI , -6.50 to -4.40 ) . CONCLUSION A decrease on the CAS pain scale of 2.4 cm ( 95 % CI , 2.95 - 1.92 ) is a clinical ly significant change in pain for children aged 5 to 12 years with acute pain . The CAS is a valuable tool in assessing responses to pain interventions
Based on available evidence , the NRS-11 , FPS-R , and CAS were strongly recommended for self-report of acute pain .
Only weak recommendations could be made for self-report measures for postoperative and chronic pain .
No measures were recommended for children younger than 6 years , identifying a need for further measurement refinement in this age range .
Abstract In 2006 , PAIN published a systematic review of the measurement properties of self-report pain intensity measures  in children and adolescents ( Stinson JN , Kavanagh T , Yamada J , Gill N , Stevens B. Systematic review of the psychometric properties , interpretability and feasibility of self-report pain intensity measures for use in clinical trials in children and adolescents .
Key developments in pediatric pain necessitate an up date of this work , most notably growing use of the 11-point numeric rating scale ( NRS-11 ) .
Our aim was to review the measurement properties of single-item self-report pain intensity measures in children 3 to 18 years old .
A secondary aim was to develop evidence -based recommendations for measurement of child and adolescent self-report of acute , postoperative , and chronic pain .