The evidence supports the WPAI as having test-retest reliability ( reproducibility ) over time ; convergent validity , as indicated by moderate correlations with measures of quality of life and moderate-to-strong correlations with measures of disease activity ; known-groups validity , as indicated by differences in WPAI scores between patients with active and inactive disease ; ability ( sensitivity ) to detect change , as indicated by substantial improvement in scores for patients who achieve remission , accompanied by substantial worsening of scores for patients who relapse ; and , responsiveness to treatment , with improvements in scores following treatments that reduce disease activity .
Patients with ulcerative colitis , a type of inflammatory bowel disease , report negative impacts of disease symptoms on work-related outcomes , including absenteeism and presenteeism .
As a way to better underst and the impact of this disease and its treatment on work-related outcomes , the current review examines the use of the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Question naire ( WPAI ) , a patient-reported outcomes measure of absenteeism , presenteeism , and impairment in other activities , in studies of patients with ulcerative colitis .
This review assesses the measurement properties of the WPAI in this patient population : its reliability , construct validity , ability to detect change , and responsiveness to effective treatments .
Validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the work productivity and activity impairment questionnaire in Crohn's disease.
BACKGROUND Crohn 's disease ( CD ) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease usually diagnosed in early adult life and characterized by unpredictable flares and debilitating symptoms such as diarrhea , abdominal pain , and fever , which can interfere with a patient 's ability to work and perform daily activities . OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the validity , reliability , and responsiveness of the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment question naire in CD ( WPAI : CD ) . METHODS The WPAI : CD was tested in CD patients enrolled in a 26-week r and omized clinical trial of cer-tolizumab pegol versus placebo . Discriminative validity of WPAI : CD absenteeism , presenteeism(reduced on-the-job effectiveness ) , overall work productivity loss ( absenteeism + presenteeism ) , and activity impairment scores was assessed relative to 5 measures of disease severity and health status : CD Activity Index ( CDAI ) , Short Form-36 physical component summary ( PCS ) and mental health component summary ( MCS ) scores , Inflammatory Bowel Disease Question naire ( IBDQ ) , and the 5-dimensional EuroQoL health-related quality -of-life visual analog scale ( EQ-VAS ) . Responsiveness was assessed by comparing changes in WPAI : CD scores from baseline to week 26 for patients in remission ( CDAI < 150 points ) versus no remission . St and ardized Response Means ( SRMs ) were calculated to evaluate the magnitude of the changes . RESULTS A total of 662 patients ( mean [ range ] age , 37.4 [ 18 - 77 ] years ; male , 288 [ 43.5 % ] ; white , 629 [ 95.0 % ] ) were enrolled in the study . Patients with CD of the worst severity ( CDAI > median ) showed significantly higher impairment in work ( + 10.5 % ) and activities ( + 10.4 % ) versus patients with " best health " ( no problems ) ( both , P < or = 0.001 ) . Patients with " worst " IBDQ , PCS , MCS , and EQ-VAS scores also showed significantly higher impairments in work ( IBDQ , VAS -24.2 % ; PCS , -24.1 % ; MCS , -15.9 % ; EQ-VAS , -16.5 % ) and activities ( IBDQ , -23.3 % ; PCS , -21.8 % ; MCS , -16.5 % ; EQ-VAS , -17.2 % ) versus " best " scores ( all , P < 0.05 ) . There were significant differences between WPAI : CD impairment scores for patients in remission versus patients failing to achieve remission ( P < 0.05 ) . SRMs were small ( ie , < 0.5 ) in the nonre-mission group , and moderate to large ( ie , > 0.5 ) for patients in remission . CONCLUSIONS The discriminative validity , reliability , and responsiveness of the WPAI : CD were demonstrated . The WPAI : CD may be useful for evaluating drug impact on CD
The evidence supports the WPAI as having test-retest reliability ( reproducibility ) over time ; convergent validity , as indicated by moderate correlations with measures of quality of life and moderate-to-strong correlations with measures of disease activity ; known-groups validity , as indicated by differences in WPAI scores between patients with active and inactive disease ; ability ( sensitivity ) to detect change , as indicated by substantial improvement in scores for patients who achieve remission , accompanied by substantial worsening of scores for patients who relapse ; and , responsiveness to treatment , with improvements in scores following treatments that reduce disease activity .
Patients with ulcerative colitis , a type of inflammatory bowel disease , report negative impacts of disease symptoms on work-related outcomes , including absenteeism and presenteeism .
As a way to better underst and the impact of this disease and its treatment on work-related outcomes , the current review examines the use of the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Question naire ( WPAI ) , a patient-reported outcomes measure of absenteeism , presenteeism , and impairment in other activities , in studies of patients with ulcerative colitis .
This review assesses the measurement properties of the WPAI in this patient population : its reliability , construct validity , ability to detect change , and responsiveness to effective treatments .