The majority of studies showed improved health outcomes when compared with usual healthcare , including reductions in blood pressure , increased uptake of medications and lower depression scores .
Factors such as training of NPHWs , provision of algorithms and protocol s for screening , treatment and drug titration were the main enablers of the task-shifting intervention .
The main barriers identified were restrictions on prescribing medications and availability of medicines .
CONCLUSIONS Task-shifting from physicians to NPHWs , if accompanied by health system re-structuring is a potentially effective and affordable strategy for improving access to healthcare for NCDs .
BACKGROUND One potential solution to limited healthcare access in low and middle income countries ( LMIC ) is task-shifting- the training of  non-physician healthcare workers ( NPHWs ) to perform tasks traditionally undertaken by physicians .
The aim of this paper is to conduct a systematic review of studies involving task-shifting for the management of non-communicable disease ( NCD ) in LMIC .
Determinants of Compliance in a Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial on Screening of Breast and Cervix Cancer in Mumbai, India
Objectives : The study aims to investigate the efficacy of screening by low-cost technology in down-staging and reduction of mortality due to breast and cervix cancer . Methods : The present trial is a community-based , cluster r and omised controlled cohort study on  screening for breast and cervix cancers ( clinical breast examination and visual inspection of the cervix after application of 4 % acetic acid ) . Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses are conducted to identify the predictors of compliance to referral among screen-positive women and to treatment among cancer cases . Results : The compliance to diagnostic investigations is 73 % among screen-positive women referred for breast cancer and 79 % among women referred for cervix cancer . Younger women , women working in service or being self-employed , school level-educated women , mother tongue Marathi , participation in screening in all 3 rounds and women referred as screen positive for cervix cancer had higher compliance to diagnostic investigations . The compliance to treatment completion is higher in women diagnosed with breast cancer , at 95 % , compared to 86 % for cervix cancers and 81 % for cervix pre-cancers . Conclusions : Good compliance rates along with a proper system of referral , further investigations , confirmation of diagnosis and treatment as demonstrated in this trial are crucial for successful screening programmes
The majority of studies showed improved health outcomes when compared with usual healthcare , including reductions in blood pressure , increased uptake of medications and lower depression scores .
Factors such as training of NPHWs , provision of algorithms and protocol s for screening , treatment and drug titration were the main enablers of the task-shifting intervention .
The main barriers identified were restrictions on prescribing medications and availability of medicines .
CONCLUSIONS Task-shifting from physicians to NPHWs , if accompanied by health system re-structuring is a potentially effective and affordable strategy for improving access to healthcare for NCDs .
BACKGROUND One potential solution to limited healthcare access in low and middle income countries ( LMIC ) is task-shifting- the training of  non-physician healthcare workers ( NPHWs ) to perform tasks traditionally undertaken by physicians .
The aim of this paper is to conduct a systematic review of studies involving task-shifting for the management of non-communicable disease ( NCD ) in LMIC .