Conclusion : There is insufficient evidence for diagnostic accuracy within kinesiology , the validity of muscle response and the effectiveness of kinesiology for any condition .
Introduction : Kinesiology is a diagnostic , therapeutic complementary therapy utilising subtle change in manual muscle testing results to evaluate the body ’s energetic balance and select healing modalities .
Anecdotal evidence suggests kinesiology is helpful , therefore we wished to critically review the literature .
Aims : ( 1 ) To ascertain if diagnostic accuracy including inter-examiner reliability has been established . (
2 ) To review whether there is evidence for its therapeutic effectiveness . (
3 ) To critically assess the quality of relevant studies .
Electromyographic Effects of Fatigue and Task Repetition on the Validity of Estimates of Strong and Weak Muscles in Applied Kinesiological Muscle-Testing Procedures
The study investigated the effects of fatigue and task repetition  on the relationship between integrated electromyogram and force output during subjective clinical testing of upper extremity muscles . Muscles were studied under two conditions differing in the nature and duration of constant force production ( SHORT-F ) and ( LONG-F ) . The findings included a significant relationship between force output and integrated EMG , a significant increase in efficiency of muscle activity with task repetition , and significant difference between Force/integrated EMG ratios for muscles labeled “ Strong ” and “ Weak ” in the LONG-F condition . This supports Smith 's 1974 notion that practice results in increased muscular efficiency . With fatigue , integrated EMG activity increased strongly and functional ( force ) output of the muscle remained stable or decreased . Fatigue results in a less efficient muscle process . Muscles subjectively testing “ Weak ” or “ Strong ” yield effects significantly different from fatigue
Conclusion : There is insufficient evidence for diagnostic accuracy within kinesiology , the validity of muscle response and the effectiveness of kinesiology for any condition .
Introduction : Kinesiology is a diagnostic , therapeutic complementary therapy utilising subtle change in manual muscle testing results to evaluate the body ’s energetic balance and select healing modalities .
Anecdotal evidence suggests kinesiology is helpful , therefore we wished to critically review the literature .
Aims : ( 1 ) To ascertain if diagnostic accuracy including inter-examiner reliability has been established . (
2 ) To review whether there is evidence for its therapeutic effectiveness . (
3 ) To critically assess the quality of relevant studies .