These results corroborate the evidence from experimental and clinical studies , which support fat redistribution and compensatory fat growth , as a result of feedback mechanisms , triggered by fat removal .
Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ , which is developed in specific depots , distinguished either as subcutaneous or visceral .
Lipectomy , by means of liposuction or abdominoplasty , is a common plastic surgery procedure , which can remove substantial amounts of subcutaneous fat .
This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of surgical removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue on  body weight and fat mass in females in the short- and long-term .
Fat redistribution following suction lipectomy: defense of body fat and patterns of restoration.
No r and omized studies in humans have examined whether fat returns after removal or where it returns . We undertook a prospect i ve , r and omized-controlled trial of  suction lipectomy in nonobese women to determine if adipose tissue ( AT ) is defended and if so , the anatomic pattern of redistribution . Healthy women with disproportionate AT depots ( lower abdomen , hips , or thighs ) were enrolled . Baseline body composition measurements included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( DXA ) ( a priori primary outcome ) , abdominal/limb circumferences , subcutaneous skinfold thickness , and magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) ( torso/thighs ) . Participants ( n = 32 ; 36 ± 1 year ) were r and omized to small-volume liposuction ( n = 14 , mean BMI : 24 ± 2 kg/m(2 ) ) or control ( n=18 , mean BMI : 25 ± 2 ) following baseline . Surgery group participants underwent liposuction within 2 - 4 weeks . Identical measurements were repeated at 6 weeks , 6 months , and 1 year later . Participants agreed not to make lifestyle changes while enrolled . Between-group differences were adjusted for baseline level of the outcome variable . After 6 weeks , percent body fat ( % BF ) by DXA was decreased by 2.1 % in the lipectomy group and by 0.28 % in the control group ( adjusted difference ( AD ) : -1.82 % ; 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : -2.79 % to -0.85 % ; P = 0.0002 ) . This difference was smaller at 6 months , and by 1 year was no longer significant ( 0.59 % ( control ) vs. -0.41 % ( lipectomy ) ; AD : -1.00 % ; CI : -2.65 to 0.64 ; P = 0.23 ) . AT reaccumulated differently across various sites . After 1 year the thigh region remained reduced ( 0.77 % ( control ) vs. -1.83 % ( lipectomy ) ; AD : -2.59 % ; CI : -3.91 to -1.28 ; P = 0.0001 ) , but AT reaccumulated in the abdominal region ( 0.64 % ( control ) vs. 0.42 % ( lipectomy ) ; AD : -0.22 ; CI : -2.35 to 1.91 ; P = 0.84 ) . Following suction lipectomy , BF was restored and redistributed from the thigh to the abdomen
These results corroborate the evidence from experimental and clinical studies , which support fat redistribution and compensatory fat growth , as a result of feedback mechanisms , triggered by fat removal .
Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ , which is developed in specific depots , distinguished either as subcutaneous or visceral .
Lipectomy , by means of liposuction or abdominoplasty , is a common plastic surgery procedure , which can remove substantial amounts of subcutaneous fat .
This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of surgical removal of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue on  body weight and fat mass in females in the short- and long-term .