There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Bone mineral response to a 7-month randomized controlled, school-based jumping intervention in 121 prepubertal boys: associations with ethnicity and body mass index.
We examined the effects of a 7-month jumping intervention ( 10 minutes , 3 times per week ) on bone mineral gain in prepubertal Asian and white boys ( 10.3+/-0.6 years , 36.0+/-9.2 kg ) at 14 schools r and omized to control ( n = 60 ) and intervention ( n = 61 ) groups . Intervention and control groups had similar mean baseline and change in height , weight , lean mass and fat mass , baseline areal bone mineral density ( aBMD ; g/cm2 ) , bone mineral content ( BMC ; g ; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [ DXA ] , QDR 4500W ) , and similar average physical activity and calcium intakes . Over 7 months , the intervention group gained more total body ( TB ) BMC ( 1.6%,p < 0.01 ) and proximal femur ( PF ) aBMD ( 1 % , p < 0.05 ) than the control group after adjusting for age , baseline weight , change in height , and loaded physical activity . We also investigated the 41 Asian and 50 white boys ( 10.2+/-0.6 years and 31.9+/-4.4 kg ) who were below the 75th percentile ( 19.4 kg/m2 ) of the cohort mean for baseline body mass index ( BMI ) . Boys in the intervention group gained significantly more TB and lumbar spine ( LS ) BMC , PF aBMD , and trochanteric ( TR ) aBMD ( + approximately2 % ) than boys in the control group ( adjusted for baseline weight , final Tanner stage , change in height , and loaded physical activity ) . Bone changes were similar between Asians and whites . Finally , we compared the boys in the  control group ( n = 16 ) and the boys in the intervention group ( n = 14 ) whose baseline BMI fell in the highest quartile ( 10.5+/-0.6 years and 49.1+/-8.2 kg ) . Seven-month bone changes ( adjusted as aforementioned ) were similar in the control and intervention groups . In summary , jumping exercise augmented bone mineral accrual at several regions equally in prepubertal Asian and white boys of average or low BMI , and intervention effects on bone mineral were undetectable in high BMI prepubertal boys
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .