68 % of the outcomes reported showed that clinical pharmacy services were associated with better improvement in patients ' outcomes compared with the control group .
The involvement of a pharmacist demonstrated an ability to improve CVD outcomes through providing educational intervention , medicine management intervention , or a combination of both .
These interventions result ed in improved CVD risk factors , improved patient outcomes , and reduced number of drug-related problems with a direct effect on CVD control .
These improvements may lead to an improvement in patient quality of life , better use of health care re sources , and a reduced rate of mortality
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) is considered to be the main cause of death and one of the most common diseases affecting health care systems worldwide .
Many methods have been used to improve CVD outcomes , one of which is to involve clinical pharmacists in the direct care of patients with CVD .
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review assessing the effectiveness of clinical pharmacist interventions within a multidisciplinary team in the secondary prevention of CVD , using studies conducted on patients with heart failure , coronary heart disease , or those with CVD risk factors .
A randomized controlled trial of a smoking cessation intervention based in community pharmacies.
AIMS To evaluate whether a structured community pharmacy-based smoking cessation programme ( the PAS model ) would give rise to a higher smoking cessation rate compared with ad hoc advice from pharmacists . DESIGN A r and omized controlled trial comparing a structured intervention with usual care . SETTING One hundred pharmacists working in community pharmacies in N. Irel and and 24 in London took part in the study and were each asked to enroll 12 smokers ; 44 % of pharmacists who were trained managed to recruit one or more smokers during the recruitment period of approximately 1 year . PARTICIPANTS A total of 484 smokers were enrolled by the pharmacists and individually r and omized into the PAS intervention group ( N = 265 ) or the control group ( N = 219 ) . INTERVENTION The PAS intervention involved a structured counselling programme , an information leaflet and a follow-up weekly for the first 4 weeks then monthly as needed . MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome measure of this study was self-reported smoking cessation for 12 months with cotinine validation at the 12-month follow-up . FINDINGS Of smokers in the PAS group , 14.3 % ( 38 ) were abstinent up to 12 months compared with 2.7 % ( 6 ) in the control group ( p < 0.001 for the difference ) . CONCLUSION The community pharmacy-based PAS smoking cessation service can be an effective method of helping people stop smoking when delivered by pharmacists willing to adopt this approach
68 % of the outcomes reported showed that clinical pharmacy services were associated with better improvement in patients ' outcomes compared with the control group .
The involvement of a pharmacist demonstrated an ability to improve CVD outcomes through providing educational intervention , medicine management intervention , or a combination of both .
These interventions result ed in improved CVD risk factors , improved patient outcomes , and reduced number of drug-related problems with a direct effect on CVD control .
These improvements may lead to an improvement in patient quality of life , better use of health care re sources , and a reduced rate of mortality
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) is considered to be the main cause of death and one of the most common diseases affecting health care systems worldwide .
Many methods have been used to improve CVD outcomes , one of which is to involve clinical pharmacists in the direct care of patients with CVD .
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review assessing the effectiveness of clinical pharmacist interventions within a multidisciplinary team in the secondary prevention of CVD , using studies conducted on patients with heart failure , coronary heart disease , or those with CVD risk factors .