Pharmacist-directed care or in collaboration with physicians or nurses improve the management of major CVD risk factors in out patients
BACKGROUND Pharmacists may improve the clinical management of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) prevention .
A systematic review was conducted to determine the impact of pharmacist care on the management of  CVD risk factors among out patients .
Effectiveness of a two-part educational intervention to improve hypertension control: a cluster-randomized trial.
STUDY OBJECTIVE To measure the effectiveness of a multifaceted educational intervention to improve ambulatory hypertension control . DESIGN Cluster-r and omized trial . SETTING Academic health system using an ambulatory electronic medical record . SUBJECTS A total of 10,696 patients with a diagnosis of hypertension cared for by 93 primary care providers . INTERVENTION Academic detailing , provision of provider-specific data about hypertension control , provision of educational material s to the provider , and provision of educational and motivational material s to patients . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The primary outcome was blood pressure control , defined as a blood pressure measurement below 140/90 mm Hg , and was ascertained from electronic medical records over 6 months of follow-up . We determined the adjusted odds ratio for the association between the intervention and the achievement of controlled blood pressure . When we accounted for clustering by provider , this adjusted odds ratio was 1.13 ( 95 % confidence interval 0.87 - 1.47 ) . Adjusted odds ratios were 1.03 ( 95 % confidence interval 0.78 - 1.36 ) in patients whose blood pressure was controlled at baseline and 1.25 ( 95 % confidence interval 0.94 - 1.65 ) in those whose blood pressure was not . These odds ratios were not significantly different ( p=0.11 ) . CONCLUSIONS These results were consistent with no effect or , at best , a relatively modest effect of the intervention among patients with hypertension . Had we not included a concurrent control group , the data would have provided an unduly optimistic view of the effectiveness of the program . The effectiveness of future interventions may be improved by focusing on patients whose blood pressure is uncontrolled at baseline
Pharmacist-directed care or in collaboration with physicians or nurses improve the management of major CVD risk factors in out patients
BACKGROUND Pharmacists may improve the clinical management of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) prevention .
A systematic review was conducted to determine the impact of pharmacist care on the management of  CVD risk factors among out patients .