Results Overall , exercise intolerance is prevalent in pediatric chronic disease .
Background Physical activity ( PA ) is associated with a diverse range of health benefits .
International guidelines suggest that children should be participating in a minimum of 60 min of moderate to vigorous intensity PA per day to achieve these benefits .
However , current guidelines are intended for healthy children , and thus may not be applicable to children with a chronic disease .
Specifically , the dose of PA and disease specific exercise considerations are not included in these guidelines , leaving such children with few , if any , evidence -based informed suggestions pertaining to PA .
Thus , the purpose of this narrative review was to consider current literature in the area of exercise as medicine and provide practical applications for exercise in five prevalent pediatric chronic diseases : respiratory , congenital heart , metabolic , systemic inflammatory/autoimmune , and cancer .
Benefits of intrahospital exercise training after pediatric bone marrow transplantation.
The purpose of this study was to determine if an eight-week intrahospital supervised , conditioning program improves functional capacity and quality of life ( QOL ) in children ( 4 boys , 4 girls ) ( mean [ SD ] age : 10.9 [ 2.8 ] years [ range : 8 - 16 ] ) who have undergone bone marrow transplantation ( BMT ) for leukemia treatment within the last 12 months . A group of 8 age and gender-matched healthy children served as controls . The experimental group performed 3 weekly sessions of resistance and aerobic training inside an intra-hospital gymnasium . A significant combined effect of group and time ( p < 0.05 ) was observed for muscle functional capacity ( Timed Up and Down Stairs [ TUDS ] test ) and peak oxygen uptake ( V.O(2peak ) ) , i.e. , with BMT children showing greater improvements than controls ( V.O(2peak ) at pre- and post-training of 25.9 ( 8.2 ) and 31.1 ( 7.6 ) mL/kg/min in diseased children ) . Muscle strength ( 6 RM test for bench and leg press and seated row ) also improved after training ( p < 0.05 ) in the BMT group . Concerning QOL , a significant combined effect of group and time ( p < 0.05 ) was also observed for children 's self-report of comfort and resilience and for parents ' report of their children 's satisfaction and achievement . In summary , children who have received BMT  experience physical and overall health benefits after a relatively short-term ( 8 weeks ) supervised exercise training program
Results Overall , exercise intolerance is prevalent in pediatric chronic disease .
Background Physical activity ( PA ) is associated with a diverse range of health benefits .
International guidelines suggest that children should be participating in a minimum of 60 min of moderate to vigorous intensity PA per day to achieve these benefits .
However , current guidelines are intended for healthy children , and thus may not be applicable to children with a chronic disease .
Specifically , the dose of PA and disease specific exercise considerations are not included in these guidelines , leaving such children with few , if any , evidence -based informed suggestions pertaining to PA .
Thus , the purpose of this narrative review was to consider current literature in the area of exercise as medicine and provide practical applications for exercise in five prevalent pediatric chronic diseases : respiratory , congenital heart , metabolic , systemic inflammatory/autoimmune , and cancer .