There was no effect on waist circumference , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or blood pressure with the direction of effect favouring tree nuts for waist circumference .
Pooled analyses show a MetS benefit of tree nuts through modest decreases in triglycerides and fasting blood glucose with no adverse effects on other criteria across nut types .
OBJECTIVE To provide a broader evidence summary to inform dietary guidelines of the effect of tree nuts on criteria of the metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) .
Walnuts and fatty fish influence different serum lipid fractions in normal to mildly hyperlipidemic individuals: a randomized controlled study.
BACKGROUND Increased consumption of n-3 ( omega-3 ) fatty acids decreases the incidence of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) . OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether walnuts ( plant n-3 fatty acid ) and fatty fish ( marine n-3 fatty acid ) have similar effects on serum lipid markers at intakes recommended for primary prevention of CHD . DESIGN In a r and omized crossover feeding trial , 25 normal to mildly hyperlipidemic adults consumed 3 isoenergetic diets ( approximately 30 % total fat and < 10 % saturated fat ) for 4 wk each : a control diet ( no nuts or fish ) , a walnut diet ( 42.5 g walnuts/10.1 mJ ) , or a fish diet ( 113 g salmon , twice/wk ) . Fasting blood was drawn at baseline and at the end of each diet period and analyzed for serum lipids . RESULTS Serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol concentrations in adults who followed the walnut diet ( 4.87 + /- 0.18 and 2.77 + /- 0.15 mmol/L , respectively ) were lower than in those who followed the control diet ( 5.14 + /- 0.18 and 3.06 + /- 0.15 mmol/L , respectively ) and those who followed the fish diet ( 5.33 + /- 0.18 and 3.2 + /- 0.15 mmol/L , respectively ; P < 0.0001 ) . The fish diet result ed in decreased serum triglyceride and increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations ( 1.0 + /- 0.11 and 1.23 + /- 0.05 mmol/L , respectively ) compared with the control diet ( 1.12 + /- 0.11 and 1.19 + /- 0.05 mmol/L , respectively ) and the walnut diet ( 1.11 + /- 0.11 mmol/L , P < 0.05 , and 1.18 + /- 0.05 mmol/L , P < 0.001 , respectively ) . The ratios of total cholesterol : HDL cholesterol , LDL cholesterol : HDL cholesterol , and apolipoprotein B : apolipoprotein A-I were lower ( P < 0.05 ) in those who followed the walnut diet compared with those who followed the control and fish diets . CONCLUSION Including walnuts and fatty fish in a healthy diet lowered serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations , respectively , which affects CHD risk favorably
There was no effect on waist circumference , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or blood pressure with the direction of effect favouring tree nuts for waist circumference .
Pooled analyses show a MetS benefit of tree nuts through modest decreases in triglycerides and fasting blood glucose with no adverse effects on other criteria across nut types .
OBJECTIVE To provide a broader evidence summary to inform dietary guidelines of the effect of tree nuts on criteria of the metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) .