RESULTS ( 1 ) EQ-5D was valid and responsive for skin conditions and most cancers ; in vision , its performance varied according to aetiology ; and performance was poor for hearing impairments .
The HUI3 performed well for hearing and vision disorders .
It also performed well in cancers although evidence was limited and there was no evidence in skin conditions .
Response mapping using all the domain scores was the best performing model for the EORTC QLQ-C30 .
In an exploratory analysis , a limited dependent variable mixture model performed better than an equivalent linear model .
3 ) The exploratory valuation study found that bolt-on items for vision , hearing and tiredness had a significant impact on values of the health states , but the direction and magnitude of differences depended on the severity of the health state .
The vision bolt-on item had a statistically significant impact on EQ-5D health state values and a full valuation model was estimated .
EQ-5D performs well in studies of cancer and skin conditions .
Mapping techniques provide a solution to predict EQ-5D values where EQ-5D has not been administered .
For conditions where EQ-5D was found to be inappropriate , including some vision disorders and for hearing , bolt-ons provide a promising solution .
BACKGROUND The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends the use of generic preference-based measures ( GPBMs ) of health for its Health Technology Assessment s ( HTAs ) .
However , these data may not be available or appropriate for all health conditions .
OBJECTIVES To determine whether GPBMs are appropriate for some key conditions and to explore alternative methods of utility estimation when data from GPBMs are unavailable or inappropriate .
( 2 ) Potential modelling approaches to ' map ' EQ-5D values from condition-specific and clinical measures of health [ European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality -of-life Question naire Core 30 ( EORTC QLQ-C30 ) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General Scale ( FACT-G ) ] are compared for predictive ability and goodness of fit using two separate data sets . (
The effect of cytomegalovirus retinitis on the quality of life of patients with AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis on quality of life ( QOL ) in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) . DESIGN Enrollment data from a multicenter , prospect i ve cohort study . PARTICIPANTS Patients > /=13 years of age with AIDS in three groups : no CMV retinitis , 709 patients ; long-st and ing CMV retinitis ( diagnosed a median of 34.5 months previously ) , 212 patients ; and newly diagnosed CMV retinitis ( diagnosed < /=45 days previously ) , 50 patients . METHODS Patients were enrolled at 19 centers throughout the United States . CMV retinitis status was determined by ophthalmoscopy .  Vision-related QOL was assessed with a question naire design ed for patients with CMV retinitis . General health-related QOL was evaluated with a modified version of the Medical Outcomes Survey-HIV instrument .  Health utility was measured with the EuroQol instrument . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Patient-reported vision-related QOL , general health-related QOL , and health utility . RESULTS All domains of vision-related QOL were substantially lower in both the long-st and ing and newly diagnosed CMV retinitis groups than in the group with no CMV retinitis . The long-st and ing CMV retinitis group was similar to the no CMV retinitis group in most general health-related QOL domains and in health utility measures . The newly diagnosed CMV retinitis group scored substantially worse than the other groups in many of the general health-related QOL domains and in visual analog scale-measured health utility . Adjustment of selected scale scores for demographic characteristics and for CD4(+ ) T-cell count , human immunodeficiency virus viral load , and use of highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART ) attenuated most of the differences in general health-related QOL , except that physical function scores remained significantly lower in the newly diagnosed CMV retinitis group . Adjustment did not alter the pattern of vision-related QOL results . CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that in the HAART era , CMV retinitis is associated with reduced vision-related QOL in patients both with newly diagnosed and with long-st and ing disease , even though patients with long-st and ing CMV retinitis seem to have general health-related QOL and health utility similar to that of patients with AIDS who do not have CMV retinitis . Newly diagnosed CMV retinitis also is associated with lower general health-related QOL in most domains and with lower health utility
RESULTS ( 1 ) EQ-5D was valid and responsive for skin conditions and most cancers ; in vision , its performance varied according to aetiology ; and performance was poor for hearing impairments .
The HUI3 performed well for hearing and vision disorders .
It also performed well in cancers although evidence was limited and there was no evidence in skin conditions .
Response mapping using all the domain scores was the best performing model for the EORTC QLQ-C30 .
In an exploratory analysis , a limited dependent variable mixture model performed better than an equivalent linear model .
3 ) The exploratory valuation study found that bolt-on items for vision , hearing and tiredness had a significant impact on values of the health states , but the direction and magnitude of differences depended on the severity of the health state .
The vision bolt-on item had a statistically significant impact on EQ-5D health state values and a full valuation model was estimated .
EQ-5D performs well in studies of cancer and skin conditions .
Mapping techniques provide a solution to predict EQ-5D values where EQ-5D has not been administered .
For conditions where EQ-5D was found to be inappropriate , including some vision disorders and for hearing , bolt-ons provide a promising solution .
BACKGROUND The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends the use of generic preference-based measures ( GPBMs ) of health for its Health Technology Assessment s ( HTAs ) .
However , these data may not be available or appropriate for all health conditions .
OBJECTIVES To determine whether GPBMs are appropriate for some key conditions and to explore alternative methods of utility estimation when data from GPBMs are unavailable or inappropriate .
( 2 ) Potential modelling approaches to ' map ' EQ-5D values from condition-specific and clinical measures of health [ European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality -of-life Question naire Core 30 ( EORTC QLQ-C30 ) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General Scale ( FACT-G ) ] are compared for predictive ability and goodness of fit using two separate data sets . (