In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .
Consumption of sweet beverages and type 2 diabetes incidence in European adults: results from EPIC-InterAct
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has been shown , largely in American population s , to increase type 2 diabetes incidence . We aim ed to evaluate the association of consumption of sweet beverages ( juices and nectars , sugar-sweetened soft drinks and artificially sweetened soft drinks ) with  type 2 diabetes incidence in European adults . We established a case – cohort study including 12,403 incident type 2 diabetes cases and a stratified subcohort of 16,154 participants selected from eight European cohorts participating in the European Prospect i ve Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ( EPIC ) study . After exclusions , the final sample size included 11,684 incident cases and a subcohort of 15,374 participants . Cox proportional hazards regression models ( modified for the case – cohort design ) and r and om-effects meta-analyses were used to estimate the association between sweet beverage consumption ( obtained from vali date d dietary question naires ) and type 2 diabetes incidence . In adjusted models , one 336 g ( 12 oz ) daily increment in sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened soft drink consumption was associated with HRs for type 2 diabetes of 1.22 ( 95 % CI 1.09 , 1.38 ) and 1.52 ( 95 % CI 1.26 , 1.83 ) , respectively . After further adjustment for energy intake and BMI , the association of sugar-sweetened soft drinks with type 2 diabetes persisted ( HR 1.18 , 95 % CI 1.06 , 1.32 ) , but the association of artificially sweetened soft drinks became statistically not significant ( HR 1.11 , 95 % CI 0.95 , 1.31 ) . Juice and nectar consumption was not associated with type 2 diabetes incidence . This study corroborates the association between increased incidence of type 2 diabetes and high consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks in European adults
In healthy subjects , appetite and short term food intake , risk of cancer , risk of diabetes , risk of dental caries , weight gain and risk of obesity are the most investigated health outcomes .
Overall there is no conclusive evidence for beneficial and harmful effects on those outcomes .
In subjects with diabetes and hypertension , the evidence regarding health outcomes of NNS use is also inconsistent .
Background Food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) instead of sugar have become increasingly popular in the last decades .
Their appeal is obviously related to their calorie-free sweet taste .
However , with the dramatic increase in their consumption , it is reasonable and timely to evaluate their potential health benefits and , more importantly , potential adverse effects .
The main aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence about health outcomes possibly associated with regular NNS consumption by examining the extent , range , and nature of research activity in this area .