The efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine ER Vs .
A recent meta- analysis evaluating tolterodine in comparison with other antimuscarinic drugs demonstrated that tolterodine ER was significantly more effective than placebo in reducing micturition/24 h , urinary leakage episodes/24 h , urgency episodes/24 h , and urgency incontinence episodes/24 h. With regard to adverse events , tolterodine ER was associated with a good adverse event profile result ing in the third most favorable antimuscarinic .
Conclusion Tolterodine ER result ed effective in reducing frequency urgency and nocturia and urinary leakage in male patients with OAB/storage LUTS .
Dry mouth and constipation are the most frequently reported adverse events
Background Overactive bladder (OAB)/ storage lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) have a high prevalence affecting up to 90 % of men over 80 years .
The role of sufficient therapies appears crucial .
In the present review , we analyzed the mechanism of action of tolterodine extended-release ( ER ) with the aim to clarify its efficacy and safety profile , as compared to other active treatments of OAB/storage LUTS .
Antimuscarinic drugs are the mainstay of pharmacological therapy for OAB / storage LUTS ; several studies have demonstrated that tolterodine ER is an effective and well tolerated formulation of this class of treatment .
Multiple Dose Pharmacokinetics of a New Once Daily Extended Release Tolterodine Formulation Versus Immediate Release Tolterodine
Objective To determine the multiple dose pharmacokinetics of a new extended release ( ER ) capsule formulation of tolterodine , compared with the existing immediate release ( IR ) tablet , in healthy volunteers . Design Nonblind , r and omised , 2-way crossover trial . Participants 19 healthy volunteers ( 7 females , 12 males ) , mean age 33 years ( range 18 to 55 years ) . Prior to the study , all volunteers were classified as either extensive or poor metabolisers by cytochrome P450 2D6 genotyping . Methods Volunteers received tolterodine ER 4 mg once daily or tolterodine IR 2 mg twice daily for 6 days ( all doses given as the L-tartrate salt ) . A washout period of 7 days separated the 2 treatments . Serum concentrations of tolterodine , its active 5-hydroxymethyl metabolite ( 5-HM ) and the active moiety ( extensive metabolisers : sum of unbound tolterodine + 5-HM ; poor metabolisers : unbound tolterodine ) were measured for up to 48 hours post-dose on day 6 ( steady state ) . Tolerability was also determined . Results 17 volunteers ( 13 extensive metabolisers , 4 poor metabolisers ) completed the study and were evaluable for both treatment periods . The 90 % confidence interval for the geometric mean ratio of area under the serum concentration-time curve to 24 hours ( AUC24 ) of the active moiety , for all volunteers combined , indicated equivalence for the 2 formulations . Pooled analysis also demonstrated that the peak serum concentration ( Cmax ) of the active moiety following administration of tolterodine ER was around 75 % of that observed for the IR tablet , whereas the trough concentration was around 1.5-fold higher . Overall , the pharmacokinetics of tolterodine ( irrespective of genotype ) and 5-HM ( extensive metabolisers only ) were consistent with sustained drug release over 24 hours .  Tolterodine  ER was well tolerated . Conclusions The new once daily ER formulation of tolterodine 4 mg shows pharmacokinetic equivalence ( AUC24 ) to the existing IR tablet given at a dose of 2 mg twice daily . Findings of lower Cmax for  tolterodine  ER may explain the significantly lower rate of dry mouth subsequently observed in patients with overactive bladder
The efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine ER Vs .
A recent meta- analysis evaluating tolterodine in comparison with other antimuscarinic drugs demonstrated that tolterodine ER was significantly more effective than placebo in reducing micturition/24 h , urinary leakage episodes/24 h , urgency episodes/24 h , and urgency incontinence episodes/24 h. With regard to adverse events , tolterodine ER was associated with a good adverse event profile result ing in the third most favorable antimuscarinic .
Conclusion Tolterodine ER result ed effective in reducing frequency urgency and nocturia and urinary leakage in male patients with OAB/storage LUTS .
Dry mouth and constipation are the most frequently reported adverse events
Background Overactive bladder (OAB)/ storage lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) have a high prevalence affecting up to 90 % of men over 80 years .
The role of sufficient therapies appears crucial .
In the present review , we analyzed the mechanism of action of tolterodine extended-release ( ER ) with the aim to clarify its efficacy and safety profile , as compared to other active treatments of OAB/storage LUTS .
Antimuscarinic drugs are the mainstay of pharmacological therapy for OAB / storage LUTS ; several studies have demonstrated that tolterodine ER is an effective and well tolerated formulation of this class of treatment .