In comparison with the baseline , NNS consumption was not found to increase blood glucose level , and its concentration gradually declined over the course of observation following NNS consumption .
The glycemic impact of NNS consumption did not differ by type of NNS but to some extent varied by participants ’ age , body weight , and diabetic status .
Conclusions NNS consumption was not found to elevate blood glucose level .
Background / objectives Nonnutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) are zero- or low-calorie alternatives to nutritive sweeteners , such as table sugars .
A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials was conducted to quantitatively synthesize existing scientific evidence on the glycemic impact of NNSs .
Effects of different sweet preloads on incretin hormone secretion, gastric emptying, and postprandial glycemia in healthy humans.
BACKGROUND Macronutrient " preloads " can stimulate glucagon-like peptide 1 ( GLP-1 ) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide ( GIP ) , slow gastric emptying , and reduce postpr and ial glycemic excursions . After sweet preloads , these effects may be signaled by sodium-glucose cotransporter-1 ( SGLT1 ) , sweet taste receptors , or both . OBJECTIVE We determined the effects of 4 sweet preloads on GIP and GLP-1 release , gastric emptying , and postpr and ial glycemia . DESIGN Ten healthy subjects were studied on 4 separate occasions each . A preload drink containing 40 g glucose , 40 g tagatose/isomalt mixture ( TIM ) , 40 g 3-O-methylglucose ( 3OMG ; a nonmetabolized substrate of SGLT1 ) , or 60 mg sucralose was consumed 15 min before a (13)C-octanoic acid-labeled mashed potato meal .  Blood glucose , plasma total GLP-1 and GIP , serum insulin , and gastric emptying were determined . RESULTS Both glucose and 3OMG stimulated GLP-1 and GIP release in advance of the meal ( each P < 0.05 ) , whereas TIM and sucralose did not . The overall postpr and ial GLP-1 response was greater after glucose , 3OMG , and TIM than after sucralose ( P < 0.05 ) , albeit later after TIM than the other preloads . The blood glucose and insulin responses in the first 30 min after the meal were greatest after glucose ( each P < 0.05 ) . Gastric emptying was slower after both 3OMG and TIM than after sucralose ( each P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS In healthy humans , SGLT1 substrates stimulate GLP-1 and GIP and slow gastric emptying , regardless of whether they are metabolized , whereas the artificial sweetener sucralose does not . Poorly absorbed sweet tastants ( TIM ) , which probably expose a greater length of gut to nutrients , result in delayed GLP-1 secretion but not in delayed GIP release . These observations have the potential to optimize the use of preloads for glycemic control . This trial was registered at www.actr.org.au as ACTRN12611000775910
In comparison with the baseline , NNS consumption was not found to increase blood glucose level , and its concentration gradually declined over the course of observation following NNS consumption .
The glycemic impact of NNS consumption did not differ by type of NNS but to some extent varied by participants ’ age , body weight , and diabetic status .
Conclusions NNS consumption was not found to elevate blood glucose level .
Background / objectives Nonnutritive sweeteners ( NNSs ) are zero- or low-calorie alternatives to nutritive sweeteners , such as table sugars .
A systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials was conducted to quantitatively synthesize existing scientific evidence on the glycemic impact of NNSs .