PRT had a large positive effect on strength ( 41 trials , 1955 participants ) , but there was statistical heterogeneity that was not explained by differences in study quality , participant characteristics or the exercise program .
REVIEW ER 'S CONCLUSIONS PRT appears to be an effective intervention to increase strength in older people and has a positive effect on some functional limitations .
However , the effect of this intervention on more substantive outcomes such as measures of disability or HRQOL remains unclear .
BACKGROUND Muscle weakness in old age , is associated with physical disability and an increased risk of falls .
Progressive resistance strength ( PRT ) training exercises ( i.e. movements performed against a specific external force that is regularly increased during training ) are design ed to increase strength in older people .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of PRT on measures of physical disability , functional limitation and impairment in older people  , and identify adverse events .
Effect of exercise intensity on bone density, strength, and calcium turnover in older women.
PURPOSE This study examined the effects of 24 wk of high intensity strength training or low intensity walking on lumbar bone mineral density ( BMD ) , muscular strength , and calcium turnover in Australian women either taking hormone replacement therapy ( HRT ) or not taking HRT .  METHODS A subject pool of 64 women between 45 - 65 yr and r and omly allocated into weights ( N = 21 ) , walking ( N = 20 ) , weightsHRT ( N = 14 ) , and walkingHRT ( N = 9 ) groups completed this study . All subjects trained twice weekly in either a 50-min walking or weight-training program ( 60 - 90 % IRM ) . Measurements included maximal isometric knee strength , IRM bench press , IRM squat , isokinetic back strength , lumbar ( L2-L4 ) BMD , serum osteocalcin , and urinary deoxypyridinoline crosslinks ( Dpd ) . RESULTS No significant group differences in BMD were evident at the completion of training . However , a significant ( P < 0.05 ) within group change was apparent for the walking group since BMD decreased 1.3 % below baseline testing . Osteocalcin levels increased significantly ( P < 0.05 ) in the walking ( 22 % ) group . Maximal bench press and squat strength improved significantly ( P < 0.05 ) in the weights ( 25.8 % and 37.7 % ) and weightsHRT ( 25.4 % and 35.7 % ) groups . The weights group also increased significantly ( P < 0.05 ) in isokinetic back strength ( 22.2 % ) . CONCLUSION It was concluded that short-term high intensity resistance training provides an effective means for increasing muscular strength in women between 45 and 65 yr . The training effects on lumbar BMD were not apparent in the present study
PRT had a large positive effect on strength ( 41 trials , 1955 participants ) , but there was statistical heterogeneity that was not explained by differences in study quality , participant characteristics or the exercise program .
REVIEW ER 'S CONCLUSIONS PRT appears to be an effective intervention to increase strength in older people and has a positive effect on some functional limitations .
However , the effect of this intervention on more substantive outcomes such as measures of disability or HRQOL remains unclear .
BACKGROUND Muscle weakness in old age , is associated with physical disability and an increased risk of falls .
Progressive resistance strength ( PRT ) training exercises ( i.e. movements performed against a specific external force that is regularly increased during training ) are design ed to increase strength in older people .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of PRT on measures of physical disability , functional limitation and impairment in older people  , and identify adverse events .