The review found that CTs can be effective in tackling structural determinants of health such as financial poverty , education , household resilience , child labour , social capital and social cohesion , civic participation , and birth registration .
The review further found that CTs modify intermediate determinants such as nutrition , dietary diversity , child deprivation , sexual risk behaviours , teen pregnancy and early marriage .
In conjunction with their influence on SDoH , there is moderate evidence from the review that CTs impact on health and quality of life outcomes .
The review also found many factors relating to intervention design features , macro-economic stability , household dynamics and community acceptance of programs that could influence the effectiveness of CTs .
The external validity of the review findings is strong as the findings are largely consistent with those from Latin America .
Cash transfers ( CTs ) are now high on the agenda of most governments in low- and middle-income countries .
Within the field of health promotion , CTs constitute a healthy public policy initiative as they have the potential to address the social determinants of health ( SDoH ) and health inequalities .
A systematic review was conducted to synthesis e the evidence on CTs ' impacts on SDoH and health inequalities in sub-Saharan Africa , and to identify the barriers and facilitators of effective CTs .
Wealth differentials in the impact of conditional and unconditional cash transfers on education: findings from a community-randomised controlled trial in Zimbabwe
Abstract We investigated ( 1 ) how household wealth affected the relationship between conditional cash transfers ( CCT ) and unconditional cash transfers ( UCT ) and school attendance , ( 2 ) whether CCT and UCT affected educational outcomes ( repeating a year of school ) , ( 3 ) if baseline school attendance and transfer conditions affected how much of the transfers participants spent on education and ( 4 ) if CCT or UCT reduced child labour in recipient households . Data were analysed from a cluster-r and omized controlled trial of  CCT and UCT in 4043 households from 2009 to 2010 . Recipient households received $ 18 dollars per month plus $ 4 per child . CCT were conditioned on above 80 % school attendance , a full vaccination record and a birth certificate . In the poorest quintile , the odds ratio of above 80 % school attendance at follow-up for those with below 80 % school attendance at baseline was 1.06 ( p = .67 ) for UCT vs. CCT . UCT recipients reported spending slightly more ( 46.1 % ( 45.4–46.7 ) ) of the transfer on school expenses than did CCT recipients ( 44.8 % ( 44.1–45.5 ) ) . Amongst those with baseline school attendance of below 80 % , there was no statistically significant difference between CCT and UCT participants in the proportion of the transfer spent on school expenses ( p = .63 ) . Amongst those with above 80 % baseline school attendance , CCT participants spent 3.5 % less ( p = .001 ) on school expenses than UCT participants . UCT participants were no less likely than those in the control group to repeat a grade of school .  CCT participants had .69 ( .60–.79 ) lower odds vs. control of repeating the previous school grade . Children in CCT recipient households spent an average of .31 fewer hours in paid work than those in the control group ( p < .001 ) and children in the UCT arm spent an average of .15 fewer hours in paid work each week than those in the control arm ( p = .06 )
The review found that CTs can be effective in tackling structural determinants of health such as financial poverty , education , household resilience , child labour , social capital and social cohesion , civic participation , and birth registration .
The review further found that CTs modify intermediate determinants such as nutrition , dietary diversity , child deprivation , sexual risk behaviours , teen pregnancy and early marriage .
In conjunction with their influence on SDoH , there is moderate evidence from the review that CTs impact on health and quality of life outcomes .
The review also found many factors relating to intervention design features , macro-economic stability , household dynamics and community acceptance of programs that could influence the effectiveness of CTs .
The external validity of the review findings is strong as the findings are largely consistent with those from Latin America .
Cash transfers ( CTs ) are now high on the agenda of most governments in low- and middle-income countries .
Within the field of health promotion , CTs constitute a healthy public policy initiative as they have the potential to address the social determinants of health ( SDoH ) and health inequalities .
A systematic review was conducted to synthesis e the evidence on CTs ' impacts on SDoH and health inequalities in sub-Saharan Africa , and to identify the barriers and facilitators of effective CTs .