Nurses only and multidisciplinary teams were the most frequent professionals to provide education , and most educational interventions were delivered postdischarge .
Psychoeducational interventions were generally effective at reducing smoking and admissions for patients with ACS .
Culturally appropriate health education , self-management educational interventions , group medical visits and psychoeducational interventions were generally effective for patients with T2DM .
Results indicate that there is a body of current evidence about the efficacy of health education , its content and delivery methods for patients with ACS or T2DM .
OBJECTIVES This umbrella review aim ed to identify the current evidence on health education-related interventions for patients with acute coronary syndrome ( ACS ) or type two diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) ; identify the educational content , delivery methods , intensity , duration and setting required .
The purpose was to provide recommendations for educational interventions for high-risk patients with both ACS and T2DM .
Diabetes and mortality following acute coronary syndromes.
CONTEXT The worldwide epidemic of diabetes mellitus is increasing the burden of cardiovascular disease , the leading cause of death among persons with diabetes . The independent effect of diabetes on mortality following acute coronary syndromes ( ACS ) is uncertain . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of diabetes on mortality following ACS using a large data base spanning the full spectrum of ACS . DESIGN , SETTING , AND PATIENTS A subgroup analysis of patients with diabetes enrolled in r and omized clinical trials that evaluated ACS therapies .  Patients with ACS in 11 independent Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infa rct ion ( TIMI ) Study Group clinical trials from 1997 to 2006 were pooled , including 62,036 patients ( 46,577 with ST-segment elevation myocardial infa rct ion [ STEMI ] and 15,459 with unstable angina/non-STEMI [ UA/NSTEMI ] ) , of whom 10 613 ( 17.1 % ) had diabetes . A multivariable model was constructed to adjust for baseline characteristics , aspects of ACS presentation , and treatments for the ACS event . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality at 30 days and 1 year following ACS among patients with diabetes vs patients without diabetes . RESULTS Mortality at 30 days was significantly higher among patients with diabetes than without diabetes presenting with UA/NSTEMI ( 2.1 % vs 1.1 % , P < .001 ) and STEMI ( 8.5 % vs 5.4 % , P < .001 ) . After adjusting for baseline characteristics and features and management of the ACS event , diabetes was independently associated with higher 30-day mortality after UA/NSTEMI ( odds ratio [ OR ] , 1.78 ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 1.24 - 2.56 ) or STEMI ( OR , 1.40 ; 95 % CI , 1.24 - 1.57 ) . Diabetes at presentation with ACS was associated with significantly higher mortality 1 year after UA/NSTEMI ( hazard ratio [ HR ] , 1.65 ; 95 % CI , 1.30 - 2.10 ) or STEMI ( HR , 1.22 ; 95 % CI , 1.08 - 1.38 ) . By 1 year following ACS , patients with diabetes presenting with UA/NSTEMI had a risk of death that approached patients without diabetes presenting with STEMI ( 7.2 % vs 8.1 % ) . CONCLUSION Despite modern therapies for ACS , diabetes confers a significant adverse prognosis , which highlights the importance of aggressive strategies to manage this high-risk population with unstable ischemic heart disease
Nurses only and multidisciplinary teams were the most frequent professionals to provide education , and most educational interventions were delivered postdischarge .
Psychoeducational interventions were generally effective at reducing smoking and admissions for patients with ACS .
Culturally appropriate health education , self-management educational interventions , group medical visits and psychoeducational interventions were generally effective for patients with T2DM .
Results indicate that there is a body of current evidence about the efficacy of health education , its content and delivery methods for patients with ACS or T2DM .
OBJECTIVES This umbrella review aim ed to identify the current evidence on health education-related interventions for patients with acute coronary syndrome ( ACS ) or type two diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) ; identify the educational content , delivery methods , intensity , duration and setting required .
The purpose was to provide recommendations for educational interventions for high-risk patients with both ACS and T2DM .