The quality of the PROMs varied greatly , with Satisfaction most commonly measured utilizing non-st and ardized locally-devised tools ; the EuroQol five-dimensions question naire ( EuroQoL-5D ) and 36-Item Short-Form ( SF-36 ) cited most frequently to capture QoL ; and the Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) to capture Pain .
APPs utilized a multiplicity of PROMs across a range of MSK disorders .
OBJECTIVE Advanced practice physiotherapists ( APPs ) , also known as extended scope physiotherapists , provide a new model of service delivery for musculoskeletal ( MSK ) disorders .
Research to date has largely focused on health service efficiencies , with less emphasis on patient outcomes .
The present systematic review aim ed to identify the  patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) being utilized by APPs .
Increasing Capacity for the Treatment of Common Musculoskeletal Problems: A Non-Inferiority RCT and Economic Analysis of Corticosteroid Injection for Shoulder Pain Comparing a Physiotherapist and Orthopaedic Surgeon
Background Role substitution is a strategy employed to assist health services manage the growing dem and for musculoskeletal care . Corticosteroid injection is a common treatment in this population but the efficacy of its prescription and delivery by physiotherapists has not been established against orthopaedic st and ards . This paper investigates whether corticosteroid injection given by a physiotherapist for shoulder pain is as clinical ly and cost effective as that from an orthopaedic surgeon . Methods A double blind non-inferiority r and omized controlled trial was conducted in an Australian public hospital orthopaedic outpatient service , from January 2013 to June 2014 . Adults with a General Practitioner referral to Orthopaedics for shoulder pain received subacromial corticosteroid and local anaesthetic injection prescribed and delivered independently by a physiotherapist or a consultant orthopaedic surgeon . The main outcome measure was total Shoulder Pain and Disability Index ( SPADI ) score at baseline , six and 12 weeks , applying a non-inferiority margin of 15 points . Secondary outcomes tested for superiority included pain , shoulder movement , perceived improvement , adverse events , satisfaction , quality of life and costs . Results 278 participants were independently assessed by the physiotherapist and the orthopaedic surgeon , with 64 r and omised ( physiotherapist 33 , orthopaedic surgeon 31 ) . There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups . Non-inferiority of injection by the physiotherapist was declared from total SPADI scores at 6 and 12 weeks ( upper limit of the 95 % one-sided confidence interval 13.34 and 7.17 at 6 and 12 weeks , respectively ) . There were no statistically significant differences between groups on any outcome measures at 6 or 12 weeks . From the perspective of the health funder , the physiotherapist was less expensive . Conclusions Corticosteroid injection for shoulder pain , provided by a suitably qualified physiotherapist is at least as clinical ly effective , and less expensive , compared with similar care delivered by an orthopaedic surgeon . Policy makers and service providers should consider implementing this model of care . Trial Registration Australia and New Zeal and Clinical Trials Registry
The quality of the PROMs varied greatly , with Satisfaction most commonly measured utilizing non-st and ardized locally-devised tools ; the EuroQol five-dimensions question naire ( EuroQoL-5D ) and 36-Item Short-Form ( SF-36 ) cited most frequently to capture QoL ; and the Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) to capture Pain .
APPs utilized a multiplicity of PROMs across a range of MSK disorders .
OBJECTIVE Advanced practice physiotherapists ( APPs ) , also known as extended scope physiotherapists , provide a new model of service delivery for musculoskeletal ( MSK ) disorders .
Research to date has largely focused on health service efficiencies , with less emphasis on patient outcomes .
The present systematic review aim ed to identify the  patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) being utilized by APPs .