In the present meta- analysis , reductions in the risk of hip fracture  with milk consumption were only observed among American adults , but not among Sc and inavian adults , possibly because milk products are more commonly fortified with vitamin D in the former population than in Sc and inavian countries .
The reduction in the risk of hip fracture was also observed with yogurt consumption , which is often associated with healthy lifestyles and dietary patterns that contribute to improved bone health .
Fueling this uncertainty , the elevated  risk of hip fracture  in association with  milk consumption was observed in a cohort of Swedish women .
The cumulative evidence from prospect i ve cohort studies reassuringly suggests that the risk of hip fracture may not be elevated among people who consume milk , yogurt , and cheese , and that a greater consumption of milk or yogurt may even be associated with a lower risk of hip fracture depending on the factors that may differ across the population of interest
Although dairy products contain bone-beneficial nutrients , the association between dairy consumption and the risk of hip fracture remains equivocal .
Dietary factors and the incidence of hip fracture in middle-aged Norwegians. A prospective study.
Dietary data from a prospect i ve study were used to relate factors influencing calcium balance ( estimates of dietary calcium intake , protein intake from nondairy animal sources ( meat , fish , and eggs ) , and coffee consumption ) to the incidence of  hip fracture . During the years 1977 - 1983 , women and men born between 1925 and 1940 and living in one of three Norwegian counties were invited to a  cardiovascular screening that included a dietary survey . The attendance rate at screening was 91.1 % , and 90.7 % of these persons ( 19,752 women and 20,035 men ) filled in and returned a semiquantitative dietary question naire . This cohort was followed for an average of 11.4 years ( range , 0.01 - 13.8 years ) with respect to hip fracture , defined as cervical or trochanteric fracture . During follow-up , 213 hip fractures were identified , excluding fractures associated with high-energy trauma and metastatic bone disease . There was no clear association between  calcium intake or nondairy animal protein intake  and hip fracture in this cohort . However , an elevated risk of fracture was found in women with a high intake of protein from nondairy animal sources in the presence of low calcium intake ( relative risk = 1.96 ( 95 % confidence interval 1.09 - 3.56 ) for the highest quarter of nondairy protein intake and the lowest quarter of calcium intake vs. the three lower quarters of protein intake and the three higher quarters of calcium intake ) . Women who drank nine or more cups of coffee per day also had an increased risk of fracture , while there was no association between coffee consumption and hip fracture in men . Although these findings do not necessarily imply causal relations , they suggest the presence of risk factors for hip fracture that act through a negative calcium balance in this population
In the present meta- analysis , reductions in the risk of hip fracture  with milk consumption were only observed among American adults , but not among Sc and inavian adults , possibly because milk products are more commonly fortified with vitamin D in the former population than in Sc and inavian countries .
The reduction in the risk of hip fracture was also observed with yogurt consumption , which is often associated with healthy lifestyles and dietary patterns that contribute to improved bone health .
Fueling this uncertainty , the elevated  risk of hip fracture  in association with  milk consumption was observed in a cohort of Swedish women .
The cumulative evidence from prospect i ve cohort studies reassuringly suggests that the risk of hip fracture may not be elevated among people who consume milk , yogurt , and cheese , and that a greater consumption of milk or yogurt may even be associated with a lower risk of hip fracture depending on the factors that may differ across the population of interest
Although dairy products contain bone-beneficial nutrients , the association between dairy consumption and the risk of hip fracture remains equivocal .