Comparison of PO diets with diets rich in stearic acid , monounsaturated fatty acids ( MUFAs ) , and polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) showed significantly higher TC , LDL cholesterol , apolipoprotein B , HDL cholesterol , and apolipoprotein A-I , whereas most of the same biomarkers were significantly lower when compared with diets rich in myristic/lauric acid .
Comparison of PO-rich diets with diets rich in trans fatty acids showed significantly higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I and significantly lower apolipoprotein B , triacylglycerols , and TC/HDL cholesterol .
Stratified and meta-regression analyses showed that the higher concentrations of TC and LDL cholesterol , when PO was substituted for MUFAs and PUFAs , were not significant in young people and in subjects with diets with a lower percentage of energy from fat .
Both favorable and unfavorable changes in CHD/CVD risk markers occurred when PO was substituted for the primary dietary fats , whereas only favorable changes occurred when PO was substituted for trans fatty acids .
BACKGROUND Palm oil ( PO ) may be an unhealthy fat because of its high saturated fatty acid content .
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of substituting PO for other primary dietary fats on blood lipid-related markers of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .
Intake and adipose tissue composition of fatty acids and risk of myocardial infarction in a male Portuguese community sample.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relation between intake and adipose tissue composition of fatty acids and  acute myocardial infa rct ion in Portuguese men . DESIGN Case-control study . Diet was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency question naire . In 49 case and 49 control subjects , adipose tissue composition was assessed by gas-liquid chromatography . SUBJECTS/ SETTING Population -based ; subjects were 297 consecutively admitted cases of first acute myocardial infa rct ion in a tertiary care hospital who were aged > or=40 years . Three hundred ten community controls were selected by r and om-digit dialing . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Odds ratio ( OR ) . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED Logistic regression , adjusting for age , education , family history of acute myocardial infa rct ion , smoking , physical activity , body mass index , and energy intake . RESULTS Total fat intake ( OR 0.45 , fourth quartile , P=0.02 ) , lauric acid ( OR 0.44 , fourth quartile , P=0.02 ) , palmitic acid ( OR 0.58 , fourth quartile , P=0.03 ) , and oleic acid ( OR 0.42 , fourth quartile , P=0.03 ) were inversely associated with acute myocardial infa rct ion . No significant effects were found for the remaining fatty acids . In the adipose tissue composition data , the adjusted risk estimates of acute myocardial infa rct ion for the highest vs the lowest tertile were 0.16 , 0.14 , and 0.04 for lauric , oleic , and trans-fatty acids , respectively . A significant direct association was found for palmitic and linoleic acids ( adjusted ORs for the highest tertile were 9.02 and 3.63 , respectively ) . CONCLUSIONS Low intake of total fat and lauric acid from dairy products was associated with acute myocardial infa rct ion . The association of polyunsaturated fatty acids with risk of acute myocardial infa rct ion was nonsignificant after adjustment for energy intake and confounders . Recommendations on fatty acid intake should aim for both an upper and lower limit
Comparison of PO diets with diets rich in stearic acid , monounsaturated fatty acids ( MUFAs ) , and polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) showed significantly higher TC , LDL cholesterol , apolipoprotein B , HDL cholesterol , and apolipoprotein A-I , whereas most of the same biomarkers were significantly lower when compared with diets rich in myristic/lauric acid .
Comparison of PO-rich diets with diets rich in trans fatty acids showed significantly higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I and significantly lower apolipoprotein B , triacylglycerols , and TC/HDL cholesterol .
Stratified and meta-regression analyses showed that the higher concentrations of TC and LDL cholesterol , when PO was substituted for MUFAs and PUFAs , were not significant in young people and in subjects with diets with a lower percentage of energy from fat .
Both favorable and unfavorable changes in CHD/CVD risk markers occurred when PO was substituted for the primary dietary fats , whereas only favorable changes occurred when PO was substituted for trans fatty acids .
BACKGROUND Palm oil ( PO ) may be an unhealthy fat because of its high saturated fatty acid content .
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of substituting PO for other primary dietary fats on blood lipid-related markers of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .