There is very-low- quality evidence that clonidine has a small effect on oppositional behaviour and conduct problems in youth with ADHD , with and without ODD or CD .
There is moderate- quality evidence that guanfacine has a small-to-moderate effect on oppositional behaviour in youth with ADHD , with and without ODD .
There is high- quality evidence that atomoxetine has a small effect on oppositional behaviour in youth with ADHD , with and without ODD or CD .
Conclusions : Evidence indicates that psychostimulants , alpha-2 agonists , and atomoxetine can be beneficial for disruptive and aggressive behaviours in addition to core ADHD symptoms ; however , psychostimulants generally provide the most benefit
Objective : Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) may have oppositional behaviour , conduct problems , and aggression .
These symptoms vary in severity , and may be related to a comorbid diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD ) or conduct disorder ( CD ) .
Critical evaluation of the efficacy of ADHD medications may guide the clinician regarding the usefulness of medications for these symptoms .
Treatment effects of methylphenidate on behavioral adjustment in children with mental retardation and ADHD.
OBJECTIVE The effects of stimulant medication treatment were investigated in children with mental retardation ( MR ) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) . METHOD Parent and teacher behavioral ratings and reports of side effects were obtained for children ( N = 24 , mean age = 10.9 years , SD = 2.4 ) during a placebo-controlled , double-blind , crossover treatment trial with 0.15 mg/kg , 0.30 mg/kg , and 0.60 mg/kg b.i.d . dosages of methylpheni date . RESULTS The most significant improvements occurred at the 0.60 mg/kg methylpheni date dose for teacher ratings of inattention ( p = .024 ) , hyperactivity ( p < .001 ) , aggression ( p < .001 ) , and asocial behavior ( p = .009 ) . No significant improvements , relative to placebo , occurred at the 0.15 mg/kg dosage . Of interest , nearly all significant medication-related behavioral improvements were detected by teachers . However , parents were sensitive raters of side effects , noting more sleeping problems and loss of appetite at the 0.60 mg/kg dose compared with placebo . CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that symptoms of ADHD can be treated successfully in children with ADHD/MR , and consistent with MTA study results , higher doses were most effective . Furthermore , these improvements were not accompanied by increases in symptoms such as staring , social withdrawal , or anxiety
There is very-low- quality evidence that clonidine has a small effect on oppositional behaviour and conduct problems in youth with ADHD , with and without ODD or CD .
There is moderate- quality evidence that guanfacine has a small-to-moderate effect on oppositional behaviour in youth with ADHD , with and without ODD .
There is high- quality evidence that atomoxetine has a small effect on oppositional behaviour in youth with ADHD , with and without ODD or CD .
Conclusions : Evidence indicates that psychostimulants , alpha-2 agonists , and atomoxetine can be beneficial for disruptive and aggressive behaviours in addition to core ADHD symptoms ; however , psychostimulants generally provide the most benefit
Objective : Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) may have oppositional behaviour , conduct problems , and aggression .
These symptoms vary in severity , and may be related to a comorbid diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD ) or conduct disorder ( CD ) .
Critical evaluation of the efficacy of ADHD medications may guide the clinician regarding the usefulness of medications for these symptoms .