Higher circulating concentrations of insulin , leptin , cholecystokinin and peptide-YY accord with reduced appetite and energy intakes in healthy older adults .
Interventions to reduce circulating levels of these hormones may be beneficial for combatting the anorexia of ageing
Ageing is associated with reduced appetite and energy intakes .
However , the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not fully understood .
This systematic review and meta- analysis quantified differences in circulating concentrations of appetite-related hormones between healthy older and younger adults .
Effects of age on concentrations of plasma cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide YY and their relation to appetite and pyloric motility.
BACKGROUND Aging is associated with a decrease in appetite and a slowing of gastric emptying . The gastrointestinal hormones cholecystokinin ( CCK ) , glucagon-like peptide 1 ( GLP-1 ) , and peptide YY ( PYY ) may mediate these changes . OBJECTIVE We investigated whether aging influenced the secretion of CCK , GLP-1 , and PYY and their effects on appetite and pyloric motility . DESIGN Eight healthy older ( 65 - 80 y ) and 7 younger ( 20 - 34 y ) men received isoenergetic ( 12.1 kJ/min ) intraduodenal infusions of lipid and glucose for 120 min on separate days . Plasma CCK , GLP-1 , and PYY concentrations were measured . RESULTS Plasma CCK concentrations were higher in older than in younger subjects ( P = 0.004 ) as a result of higher baseline values ( 4.7+/-0.2 compared with 3.2+/-0.2 pmol/L ; P < 0.0001 ) and a greater rise during lipid infusion ( increase from baseline : 7.1+/-0.5 compared with 5.3+/-0.6 pmol/L ; P = 0.048 ) . Plasma GLP-1 and PYY concentrations were not significantly different between groups . The decrease in hunger during intraduodenal lipid infusion was inversely related to the increase in CCK , GLP-1 , and PYY in younger but not older subjects . During intraduodenal lipid infusion , the increase in isolated pyloric pressure wave ( IPPW ) frequency was positively related to GLP-1 and PYY and the increase in IPPW amplitude was positively related to CCK in older but not younger subjects , whereas the increase in IPPW amplitude and pyloric tone was negatively related to GLP-1 and PYY in younger subjects . CONCLUSIONS Human aging is associated with increased CCK concentrations , which may contribute to the slowing of gastric emptying , mediated by increased pyloric motility . The role of increased plasma CCK concentrations in mediating the age-related decrease in appetite remains to be established
Higher circulating concentrations of insulin , leptin , cholecystokinin and peptide-YY accord with reduced appetite and energy intakes in healthy older adults .
Interventions to reduce circulating levels of these hormones may be beneficial for combatting the anorexia of ageing
Ageing is associated with reduced appetite and energy intakes .
However , the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not fully understood .
This systematic review and meta- analysis quantified differences in circulating concentrations of appetite-related hormones between healthy older and younger adults .