No significant difference was found between other treatments .
Conclusion Compared with antimuscarinic drugs , PTENS was associated with significant better efficacy considering MVV , but more constipation events in de novo OAB children .
Antimuscarinic drugs showed remarkably better efficacy considering MVV and comparable safety profile compared with urotherapy .
Objective To compare these managements focusing on the efficacy and safety to treat overactive bladder ( OAB ) in children through network meta- analysis ( NMA ) .
Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in children with therapy resistant nonneuropathic bladder sphincter dysfunction: a pilot study.
PURPOSE We evaluated the effect of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on voiding dysfunction in a group of children with therapy resistant , nonneuropathic bladder sphincter dysfunction . MATERIAL S AND METHODS In a prospect i ve study 17 boys and 15 girls with mean age of 11.7 years underwent percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation after the failure of more than 2 years of urological and /or pharmacotherapy . The device for percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation consists of an interface cable , a surface electrode , a percutaneous needle and a portable stimulator . The needle is inserted at the tibial nerve level and a portable stimulator provided pulsations at a frequency of 20 Hz . for 30 minutes once weekly . Every 6 weeks the children were evaluated . Evaluation parameters were urgency , daytime incontinence , voiding frequency , the uroflowmetry curve and bladder capacity . When favorable results were observed after 6 sessions , therapy was continued for another 12 sessions . In 24 children anticholinergics started before stimulation that had only a partial effect were continued during stimulation . RESULTS In 7 of the 28 children with urgency before therapy it disappeared after therapy and in 10 it improved . Of the 23 children with daytime incontinence before treatment 4 became dry after stimulation and in 12 incontinence decreased . Of the 19 patients who reported disturbed voiding frequency of less than 4 or more than 8 voids daily 16 achieved a normal frequency of 4 to 6 voids daily . In 21 children an abnormal uroflowmetry curve was observed before stimulation , while in 9 the flow curve was normal after therapy . Mean bladder capacity increased significantly from 185.16 to 279.19 ml . CONCLUSIONS Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation has a significant effect on voiding frequency , the uroflowmetry curve and bladder capacity in children with nonneurogenic bladder sphincter
No significant difference was found between other treatments .
Conclusion Compared with antimuscarinic drugs , PTENS was associated with significant better efficacy considering MVV , but more constipation events in de novo OAB children .
Antimuscarinic drugs showed remarkably better efficacy considering MVV and comparable safety profile compared with urotherapy .
Objective To compare these managements focusing on the efficacy and safety to treat overactive bladder ( OAB ) in children through network meta- analysis ( NMA ) .