Combining 21 trials evaluating lipid outcomes , fish oil consumption result ed in a summary net change in triglycerides of -27 ( 95 % CI -33 , -20)mg/dL , in HDL cholesterol of + 1.6 ( 95 % CI + 0.8 , + 2.3)mg/dL , and in LDL cholesterol of + 6 ( 95 % CI + 3 , + 8)mg/dL. There was no effect of fish oil on total cholesterol .
Across studies , higher fish oil dose and higher baseline levels were associated with greater reductions in serum triglycerides .
The evidence supports a dose-dependent beneficial effect of fish oil on serum triglycerides , particularly among people with more elevated levels .
Fish oil consumption also modestly improves HDL cholesterol , increases LDL cholesterol levels , but does not appear to adversely affect glucose homeostasis .
The evidence regarding the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on hs-CRP is inconclusive , as are data on ALA
Greater fish oil consumption has been associated with reduced CVD risk , although the mechanisms are unclear .
Plant- source oil omega-3 fatty acids ( ALA ) have also been studied regarding their cardiovascular effect .
Improvement of serum lipids and blood pressure during intervention with n-3 fatty acids was not associated with changes in insulin levels in subjects with combined hyperlipidaemia.
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of an omega-3 fatty acid concentrate K85 on serum lipids , lipoproteins , insulin metabolism and blood pressure in subjects with combined hyperlipidaemia . DESIGN After a run-in dietary period of 10 weeks , subjects were r and omly allocated to receive either encapsulated K85 ( n = 28 ) or corn oil ( n = 29 ) . The intervention was double-blind . SETTING An outpatient centre in Stavanger , Norway . SUBJECTS Fifty-seven of 141 individuals , who , after the run-in period continued to meet the inclusion criteria : serum triglycerides of > or = 2.0 mmol L-1 and total serum cholesterol of > or = 6.0 mmol L-1 . INTERVENTION Encapsulated K85 , containing 85 % eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ) , or corn oil , both administered in a daily dose of 4 g for 12 weeks . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Change in metabolic and haemodynamic parameters related to intervention . RESULTS Serum EPA and DHA increased significantly in the K85 group during the treatment period . The body-mass index remained unchanged . A 28 % reduction in serum triglycerides was noted in the K85 group from the first 4 weeks . Total serum cholesterol was significantly reduced with both regimens . Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased significantly during the first 8 weeks in the K85 group . Significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressures were noted in subjects on K85 . The treatment did not affect serum glucose , plasma insulin and proinsulin levels . Insulin : glucose and proinsulin : glucose ratios remained unchanged . CONCLUSIONS The atherogenic risk profile was improved with K85 in subjects with combined hyperlipidaemia , but n-3 fatty acids supplementation did not affect glucose/insulin homeostasis
Combining 21 trials evaluating lipid outcomes , fish oil consumption result ed in a summary net change in triglycerides of -27 ( 95 % CI -33 , -20)mg/dL , in HDL cholesterol of + 1.6 ( 95 % CI + 0.8 , + 2.3)mg/dL , and in LDL cholesterol of + 6 ( 95 % CI + 3 , + 8)mg/dL. There was no effect of fish oil on total cholesterol .
Across studies , higher fish oil dose and higher baseline levels were associated with greater reductions in serum triglycerides .
The evidence supports a dose-dependent beneficial effect of fish oil on serum triglycerides , particularly among people with more elevated levels .
Fish oil consumption also modestly improves HDL cholesterol , increases LDL cholesterol levels , but does not appear to adversely affect glucose homeostasis .
The evidence regarding the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on hs-CRP is inconclusive , as are data on ALA
Greater fish oil consumption has been associated with reduced CVD risk , although the mechanisms are unclear .
Plant- source oil omega-3 fatty acids ( ALA ) have also been studied regarding their cardiovascular effect .