Results showed that mechanical active irrigation reduces post-operative pain .
It improved debridement , canal/isthmus cleanliness .
It also improved delivery of irrigant up to working length .
Bacterial count was more with active irrigation , though not significant .
There is no effect on long-term periapical healing .
Conclusion It may be concluded that mechanical active irrigation devices are beneficial in reducing post-operative pain and improving canal and isthmus cleanliness during Endodontics
Objective Irrigant activation has been cl aim ed to be beneficial in in vitro and clinical studies .
This systematic review aims to investigate the clinical efficiency of mechanically activated irrigants and conventional irrigation .
The effect of passive ultrasonic activation of 2% chlorhexidine or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite irrigant on residual antimicrobial activity in root canals.
Ninety-four single-canal roots were prepared using the step-down technique . Forty-two canals were irrigated with 2 % chlorhexidine , 42 canals with 5.25 % sodium hypochlorite ( NaOCl ) , and 10 control canals  with phosphate-buffered saline ( PBS ) . The chlorhexidine and NaOCl groups were each then equally divided into a final irrigation group and a 1-min passive ultrasonic irrigation group . Canals were enlarged with a Parapost drill . The apical 3 - 5 mm was covered with nail polish . Canals were rinsed with PBS , dried , refilled with PBS , and stored . At 6 h , 20 microl of fluid was pipetted from each canal and placed into wells on agar plates , which were inoculated with Streptococcus sanguinis . The plates were incubated , and zones of inhibition were measured . Sampling was repeated at 24 , 48 , 72 , 96 , 120 , 144 , and 168 h. Residual antimicrobial activity with 2 % chlorhexidine was statistically significantly superior to 5.25 % NaOCl with irrigation alone and with final passive ultrasonic activation ( p < 0.001 ) . Chlorhexidine experimental groups demonstrated residual antimicrobial activity for as long as 168
Results showed that mechanical active irrigation reduces post-operative pain .
It improved debridement , canal/isthmus cleanliness .
It also improved delivery of irrigant up to working length .
Bacterial count was more with active irrigation , though not significant .
There is no effect on long-term periapical healing .
Conclusion It may be concluded that mechanical active irrigation devices are beneficial in reducing post-operative pain and improving canal and isthmus cleanliness during Endodontics
Objective Irrigant activation has been cl aim ed to be beneficial in in vitro and clinical studies .
This systematic review aims to investigate the clinical efficiency of mechanically activated irrigants and conventional irrigation .