We found a continuing trend towards conducting DCEs across a broader range of countries .
However , the trend towards including fewer attributes was reversed , whilst the trend towards interview-based DCEs reversed because of increased computer administration .
The trend towards using more flexible econometric models , including mixed logit and latent class , has also continued .
Reporting of monetary values has fallen compared with earlier periods , but the proportion of studies estimating trade-offs between health outcomes and experience factors , or valuing outcomes in terms of utility scores , has increased , although use of odds ratios and probabilities has declined .
The reassuring trend towards the use of more flexible and appropriate DCE design s and econometric methods has been reinforced by the increased use of qualitative methods to inform DCE processes and results .
However , qualitative research methods are being used less often to inform attribute selection , which may make DCEs more susceptible to omitted variable bias if the decision framework is not known prior to the research project .
Background Discrete choice experiments ( DCEs ) are increasingly used in health economics to address a wide range of health policy-related concerns .
Objective Broadly adopting the methodology of an earlier systematic review of health-related DCEs , which covered the period 2001–2008 , we report whether earlier trends continued during 2009–2012 .
Designing Family-Centered Male Circumcision Services
Abstract Background : Male circumcision ( MC ) has become an important weapon in the fight against HIV/AIDS in many Sub-Saharan African countries . The successful implementation of a national MC program requires the design of circumcision services that are attractive to young men of various ages . For many potential clients , mothers and /or fathers will play an important role in the decision to be circumcised , and hence services will need to be design ed with the preferences of mothers , fathers , and sons in mind . Objective : Our objective was to value multiple design characteristics of potential community-based MC services from the perspectives of mothers , fathers , and sons in Johannesburg , South Africa , and to test for concordance between their values for the design characteristics . Methods : Potential design characteristics of MC services were identified through open-ended interviews with key informants ( n=25 ) . Preferences were estimated using conjoint analysis implemented as part of a cluster r and omized household survey . Each participant was r and omized to receive one of two possible blocks of conjoint analysis , each consisting of six forced-choice tasks comparing two possible MC services varying on 11 design characteristics . With only two levels for each attribute , our experimental design utilized a main effects orthogonal array . Data were analyzed using linear probability models , with tests of concordance of values using Wald tests generated from stratified estimates calculated using restricted least square estimation . Results : A racially and geographically diverse sample consisting of 204 fathers , 204 mothers , and 237 sons completed the survey . In aggregate , requiring a follow-up visit was the most valued design factor ( p < 0.001 ) , followed by having a lower infection rate ( p < 0.001 ) , having less pain ( p = 0.001 ) , and a private waiting room ( p = 0.001 ) . Based on stratified analysis , sons also valued having the risks and benefits of MC explained  ( p = 0.01 ) and mothers valued requiring an HIV test as part of the procedure . Requiring an HIV test was the most significant difference between the respondents ( p = 0.03 ) , with sons finding it somewhat repulsive ( p = 0.30 ) . Conclusion : Our findings suggest that valuation of aspects of MC clinic design can diverge by decision maker . To better ensure utilization of services , these variations should be taken into account to prior to implementation of a national strategy in South Africa
We found a continuing trend towards conducting DCEs across a broader range of countries .
However , the trend towards including fewer attributes was reversed , whilst the trend towards interview-based DCEs reversed because of increased computer administration .
The trend towards using more flexible econometric models , including mixed logit and latent class , has also continued .
Reporting of monetary values has fallen compared with earlier periods , but the proportion of studies estimating trade-offs between health outcomes and experience factors , or valuing outcomes in terms of utility scores , has increased , although use of odds ratios and probabilities has declined .
The reassuring trend towards the use of more flexible and appropriate DCE design s and econometric methods has been reinforced by the increased use of qualitative methods to inform DCE processes and results .
However , qualitative research methods are being used less often to inform attribute selection , which may make DCEs more susceptible to omitted variable bias if the decision framework is not known prior to the research project .
Background Discrete choice experiments ( DCEs ) are increasingly used in health economics to address a wide range of health policy-related concerns .
Objective Broadly adopting the methodology of an earlier systematic review of health-related DCEs , which covered the period 2001–2008 , we report whether earlier trends continued during 2009–2012 .