There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Four-year follow-up of school-based intervention on overweight children: the KOPS study.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the 4-year outcome of a school-based health promotion on weight status as part of the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study ( KOPS ) . RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES Within a cluster- sample d quasi-r and omized controlled trial , 1764 children at 6 and 10 years of age were assessed between 1996 and 2005 in 32 primary schools in Kiel , North Germany .  Six nutrition units followed by 20-minute running games were performed within the first year at school . Prevalence , incidence , and remission of overweight were main outcome measures . RESULTS The 4-year change in BMI was + 11.6 % , with increases in prevalence of overweight and obesity from 5.2 % to 11.1 % and 3.9 % to 5.1 % , respectively . Cumulative 4-year incidence of overweight and obesity was 9.2 % and 3.1 % , respectively . Intervention had no effect on mean BMI . The effect on prevalence was significant in children from families with high socioeconomic status [ odds ratio ( OR ) , 0.35 ; 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) , 0.14 to 0.91 ] and marginally significant in children of normal-weight mothers ( OR , 0.57 ; 95 % CI , 0.33 to 1.00 ) . Cumulative 4-year incidence of overweight was lower only in intervention children from families with high socioeconomic status ( OR , 0.26 ; 95 % CI , 0.07 to 0.87 ) . Remission of overweight was most pronounced in children of normal-weight mothers ( OR , 5.43 ; 95 % CI , 1.28 to 23.01 ) . Prevalence of underweight was unchanged . The intervention had minor but favorable effects on lifestyle . DISCUSSION A school-based health promotion has sustainable effects on remission and incidence of overweight ; it was most pronounced in children of normal-weight mothers and children from families with high socioeconomic status . There was no effect on obesity . The data argue in favor of additional measures of prevention
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .