There is no evidence that PUFA supplementation in infancy has an effect on infant or childhood allergy , asthma , dermatitis/eczema or food allergy .
However , the quality of evidence was very low .
There was insufficient evidence to determine an effect on allergic rhinitis
BACKGROUND Early dietary intakes may influence the development of allergic disease .
It is important to determine if dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) given as supplements or added to infant formula prevent the development of allergy .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of higher PUFA intake during infancy to prevent allergic disease .
Growth and Development of Premature Infants Fed Predominantly Human Milk, Predominantly Premature Infant Formula, or a Combination of Human Milk and Premature Formula
Background In a recent meta- analysis , human milk feeding of low birth-weight ( LBW ) infants was associated with a 5.2 point improvement in IQ tests . However , in the studies in this meta- analysis , feeding regimens were used ( unfortified human milk , term formula ) that no longer represent recommended practice . Objective To compare the growth , in-hospital feeding tolerance , morbidity , and development ( cognitive , motor , visual , and language ) of LBW infants fed different amounts of human milk until term chronologic age ( CA ) with those of LBW infants fed nutrient-enriched formulas from first enteral feeding . Methods The data in this study were collected in a previous r and omized controlled trial assessing the benefit of supplementing nutrient-enriched formulas for LBW infants with arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid .  Infants ( n = 463 , birth weight , 750–1,800 g ) were enrolled from nurseries located in Chile , the United Kingdom , and the United States . If human milk was fed before hospital discharge , it was fortified ( 3,050–3,300 kJ/L , 22–24 kcal/oz ) . As infants were weaned from human milk , they were fed nutrient-enriched formula with or without arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids ( 3,300 kJ/L before term , 3,050 kJ/L thereafter ) until 12 months CA . Formula fed infants were given nutrient-enriched formula with or without added arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids ( 3,300 kJ/L to term , 3,050 kJ/L thereafter ) until 12 months CA . For the purpose s of this evaluation , infants were categorized into four mutually exclusive feeding groups : 1 ) predominantly human milk fed until term CA ( PHM-T , n = 43 ) ; 2 ) ≥ 50 % energy from human milk before hospital discharge ( ≥ 50 % HM , n = 98 ) ; 3 ) < 50 % of energy from human milk before hospital discharge ( < 50 % HM , n = 203 ) ; or 4 ) predominantly formula fed until term CA ( PFF-T , n = 119 ) . Results PFF-T infants weighed approximately 500 g more at term CA than did PHM-T infants . This absolute difference persisted until 6 months CA . PFF-T infants were also longer ( 1.0–1.5 cm ) and had larger head circumferences ( 0.3–1.1 cm ) than both PHM-T and ≥ 50 % HM infants at term CA . There was a positive association between duration of human milk feeding and the Bayley Mental Index at 12 months CA ( P = 0.032 full and P = 0.073 reduced , statistical models ) after controlling for the confounding variables of home environment and maternal intelligence . Infants with chronic lung disease fed ≥ 50 % HM until term CA ( n = 22 ) had a mean Bayley Motor Index about 11 points higher at 12 months CA compared with infants PFF-T ( n = 24 , P = 0.033 full model ) . Conclusion Our data suggest that , despite a slower early growth rate , human milk fed LBW infants have development at least comparable to that of infants fed nutrient-enriched formula . Exploratory analysis suggests that some subgroups of  human milk fed LBW infants may have enhanced development , although this needs to be confirmed in future studies
There is no evidence that PUFA supplementation in infancy has an effect on infant or childhood allergy , asthma , dermatitis/eczema or food allergy .
However , the quality of evidence was very low .
There was insufficient evidence to determine an effect on allergic rhinitis
BACKGROUND Early dietary intakes may influence the development of allergic disease .
It is important to determine if dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) given as supplements or added to infant formula prevent the development of allergy .
OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of higher PUFA intake during infancy to prevent allergic disease .