We found high quality evidence that hormone therapy in both primary and secondary prevention conferred no protective effects for all-cause mortality , cardiovascular death , non-fatal myocardial infa rct ion , angina , or revascularisation .
There was no strong evidence of effect on risk of stroke in this group .
Our review findings provide strong evidence that treatment with hormone therapy in post-menopausal women overall , for either primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease events has little if any benefit and causes an increase in the risk of stroke and venous thromboembolic events
BACKGROUND Evidence from systematic review s of observational studies suggests that hormone therapy may have beneficial effects in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular disease events in post-menopausal women , however the results of r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) have had mixed results .
This is an up date d version of a Cochrane review published in 2013 .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of hormone therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women , and whether there are differential effects between use in primary or secondary prevention .
Secondary aims were to undertake exploratory analyses to ( i ) assess the impact of time since menopause that treatment was commenced ( ≥ 10 years versus < 10 years ) , and where these data were not available , use age of trial participants at baseline as a proxy ( ≥ 60 years of age versus < 60 years of age ) ; and ( ii ) assess the effects of length of time on treatment .
Randomized trial of effects of continuous combined HRT on markers of lipids and coagulation in women with acute coronary syndromes: WHISP Pilot Study.
AIMS R and omized trials have not demonstrated coronary heart disease benefit from hormone replacement therapy ( HRT ) . We hypothesized that low-dose HRT may avoid harm . METHODS AND RESULTS We studied the effects of HRT on lipids and coagulation in women with acute coronary syndromes . A total of 100 post-menopausal women > 55 years were enrolled between 2 and 28 days after an acute coronary syndrome and r and omized to oral oestradiol-17beta 1 mg plus norethisterone acetate 0.5 mg daily , or matching placebo , and followed for up to 12 months . Levels of lipids , lipoproteins , and haemostasis markers were measured at baseline , 3 , and 6 months . There were no significant differences in lipid levels between the two groups , probably due to concomitant statin use . Antithrombin and factor VII levels were significantly lower in the HRT group , whereas fibrinogen was significantly decreased in the placebo group . No evidence of increased coagulation activation was observed , nor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes [ odds ratio ( OR ) 0.63 ( 95 % confidence intervals 0.31 - 1.31 ) ] . CONCLUSION Low-dose HRT may give cardiovascular benefit . These findings require confirmation in a full clinical trial with evaluation of cardiovascular outcomes as the primary objective
We found high quality evidence that hormone therapy in both primary and secondary prevention conferred no protective effects for all-cause mortality , cardiovascular death , non-fatal myocardial infa rct ion , angina , or revascularisation .
There was no strong evidence of effect on risk of stroke in this group .
Our review findings provide strong evidence that treatment with hormone therapy in post-menopausal women overall , for either primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease events has little if any benefit and causes an increase in the risk of stroke and venous thromboembolic events
BACKGROUND Evidence from systematic review s of observational studies suggests that hormone therapy may have beneficial effects in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular disease events in post-menopausal women , however the results of r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) have had mixed results .
This is an up date d version of a Cochrane review published in 2013 .
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of hormone therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women , and whether there are differential effects between use in primary or secondary prevention .
Secondary aims were to undertake exploratory analyses to ( i ) assess the impact of time since menopause that treatment was commenced ( ≥ 10 years versus < 10 years ) , and where these data were not available , use age of trial participants at baseline as a proxy ( ≥ 60 years of age versus < 60 years of age ) ; and ( ii ) assess the effects of length of time on treatment .