Results Level of evidence from 54 high and medium quality studies showed moderate evidence of a positive effect of physical exercise .
Within this domain , there was strong evidence of a positive effect of workplace strength training .
There was limited evidence for ergonomics and strong evidence for no benefit of participatory ergonomics , multifaceted interventions , and stress management .
No intervention domains were associated with “ negative effects ” .
Conclusions The evidence synthesis recommends that implementing strength training at the workplace can reduce MSD  among workers with physically dem and ing work .
In regard to workplace ergonomics , there was not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practice s. Based on the scientific literature , participatory ergonomics and multifaceted workplace interventions seem to have no beneficial effect on reducing MSD among this group of workers .
Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to rehabilitate musculoskeletal disorders ( MSDs ) among employees with physically dem and ing work .
Effectiveness of a Back Pain Prevention Program: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in an Occupational Setting
Study Design . A cluster r and omized controlled trial and economic evaluation with a 12-month follow-up and with work department as the unit of r and omization . Objective . To evaluate the effectiveness of a prevention program for  low back pain ( LBP ) in an occupational setting with an economic evaluation . Summary of Background Data . LBP accounts for high economic costs in Western societies . Little is known on the effectiveness and related costs and savings of prevention programs for LBP . Methods . The study population consisted of workers in physically dem and ing jobs from 9 large companies located throughout The Netherl and s. In each company , 2 comparable work units were r and omly allocated , result ing in 18 clusters with 258 workers assigned to the intervention group and 231 workers to the control group . Results . Results in our study did not show significant differences in effects or costs savings of the program . Indirect costs related to work absence and productivity losses accounted for the majority ( 84 % ) of total costs due to LBP . Conclusions . This study provides no evidence for the adoption of this worksite prevention program for LBP
Results Level of evidence from 54 high and medium quality studies showed moderate evidence of a positive effect of physical exercise .
Within this domain , there was strong evidence of a positive effect of workplace strength training .
There was limited evidence for ergonomics and strong evidence for no benefit of participatory ergonomics , multifaceted interventions , and stress management .
No intervention domains were associated with “ negative effects ” .
Conclusions The evidence synthesis recommends that implementing strength training at the workplace can reduce MSD  among workers with physically dem and ing work .
In regard to workplace ergonomics , there was not enough evidence from the scientific literature to guide current practice s. Based on the scientific literature , participatory ergonomics and multifaceted workplace interventions seem to have no beneficial effect on reducing MSD among this group of workers .
Purpose This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of workplace interventions to rehabilitate musculoskeletal disorders ( MSDs ) among employees with physically dem and ing work .