Pooled net change in systolic blood pressure ( 16 trials ) was -1.86 ( 95 % CI -3.17 to -0.55 ; p=0.01 ) mm Hg ; diastolic blood pressure ( 15 trials ) , -1.53 ( -2.43 to -0.62 ; p=0.001 ) mm Hg ; body mass index ( 14 trials ) , -0.13 ( -0.26 to -0.01 ; p=0.04 ) kg/m2 ; serum total cholesterol ( 14 trials ) , -0.13 ( -0.19 to -0.07 ; p<0.001 ) mmol/L. There was no significant association between interventions with a reported theoretical basis and improved intervention outcomes .
No association was observed between intervention intensity ( number of sessions and intervention duration ) and intervention outcomes .
MHBC interventions delivered to CVD-free participants in primary care did not appear to have quantitatively important effects on CVD risk factors .
BACKGROUND It is uncertain whether multiple health behaviour change ( MHBC ) interventions are effective for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) in primary care .
The effect of intensified diet counseling on the diet of hypertensive subjects in primary health care: a 2-year open randomized controlled trial of lifestyle intervention against hypertension in eastern Finland.
BACKGROUND Diet is an essential part of the nonpharmacological management of hypertension . The aim of this study was to investigate in a primary health care setting the effect of intensified diet counseling on the diet of hypertensive subjects . METHODS A total of 715 free-living subjects , ages 25 - 74 years , with systolic blood pressure 140 - 179 mm Hg and /or diastolic blood pressure 90 - 109 mm Hg and /or drug treatment for hypertension participated in an open r and omized trial with a 2-year follow-up at health centers in eastern Finl and . The intervention group ( n = 360 ) was advised to reduce their total fat , saturated fat , and salt intake and to increase monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat intake as well as to reduce weight and to use alcohol in moderation if at all . The usual care group ( n = 355 ) continued with their usual primary health care . The subjects filled out a 4-day food record , and 24-h urine sample s were collected at baseline and at 1- and 2-year examinations . RESULTS The 2-year net changes ( change in intervention minus change occurring in usual care group ) in total fat intake [ -2.7 E% ( 95 % CI -4.0 , -1.6 ; P < 0.0005 ) ] , in saturated fatty acid intake [ -1.7 E% ( 95 % CI -2.3 , -1.1 ; P < 0.0005 ) ] , and in body weight [ -1.4 kg ( 95 % CI -2.0 , -0.8 ; P < 0.0005 ) ] were significant . Furthermore , the 2-year net change in daily sodium intake was significant , -9 mmol ( 95 % CI -17 , -2 ; P = 0.021 ) , but the 24-h urinary sodium excretion showed no difference between the study groups . CONCLUSION The intensified diet counseling in primary health care result ed in dietary changes interpreted as being of benefit in the long-term treatment of hypertension and prevention of atherosclerotic vascular diseases
Pooled net change in systolic blood pressure ( 16 trials ) was -1.86 ( 95 % CI -3.17 to -0.55 ; p=0.01 ) mm Hg ; diastolic blood pressure ( 15 trials ) , -1.53 ( -2.43 to -0.62 ; p=0.001 ) mm Hg ; body mass index ( 14 trials ) , -0.13 ( -0.26 to -0.01 ; p=0.04 ) kg/m2 ; serum total cholesterol ( 14 trials ) , -0.13 ( -0.19 to -0.07 ; p<0.001 ) mmol/L. There was no significant association between interventions with a reported theoretical basis and improved intervention outcomes .
No association was observed between intervention intensity ( number of sessions and intervention duration ) and intervention outcomes .
MHBC interventions delivered to CVD-free participants in primary care did not appear to have quantitatively important effects on CVD risk factors .
BACKGROUND It is uncertain whether multiple health behaviour change ( MHBC ) interventions are effective for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) in primary care .