Results The FreKAQ-J had acceptable internal consistency , unidimensionality , good test-retest reliability , and was functional on the category rating scale .
The FreKAQ-J was significantly correlated with pain in motion , disability , pain-related catastrophizing , fear of movement , and anxiety symptomatology .
Conclusions We developed FreKAQ-J by modifying the FreBAQ-J. The FreKAQ-J fits the Rasch measurement model well and is suitable for use in people with knee OA .
Background Recent systematic review s have demonstrated that pain associated with knee osteoarthritis ( OA ) is a complex phenomenon that involves various contributors .
People with knee OA exhibit symptoms of impaired body-perception , including reduced tactile acuity , impairments in limb laterality recognition , and de grade d proprioceptive acuity .
The Fremantle Back Awareness Question naire ( FreBAQ ) was developed to assess body-perception specific to the back in people with chronic low back pain .
The aim of this study was to develop and assess the psychometric properties of a knee-specific version of the FreBAQ-J ( FreKAQ-J ) , determine whether people with knee pain experience perceptual impairments and investigate the relationship between disturbed self-perception and clinical status .
Fear of Movement/(Re)injury in Chronic Low Back Pain: Education or Exposure In Vivo as Mediator to Fear Reduction?
Clinical research of grade d exposure in vivo with behavioral experiments in patients with chronic low back pain who reported fear of movement/(re)injury shows abrupt changes in self-reported pain-related fears and cognitions . The abrupt changes are more characteristics of insight learning rather than the usual gradual progression of trial and error learning . The educational session at the start of the exposure might have contributed to this insight . The current study examines the contribution of education and grade d exposure versus grade d activity in the reduction of pain-related fear and associated disability and physical activity .  Six consecutive patients with chronic low back pain who reported substantial fear of movement/(re)injury were included in the study . After a no-treatment baseline measurement period , all the patients received a single educational session , followed again by a no-treatment period . Patients were then r and omly assigned to either a grade d exposure with behavioral experiments or an operant grade d activity program . A diary was used to assess daily changes in pain intensity , pain-related fear , pain catastrophizing , and activity goal achievement . St and ardized question naires of pain-related fear , pain vigilance , pain intensity , and pain disability were administered before and after each intervention and at the 6-month follow-up . An activity monitor was carried at baseline , during the interventions , and 1 week at 6-month follow-up . R and omization tests of the daily measures showed that improvements in pain-related fear and catastrophizing occurred after the education was introduced . The results also showed a further improvement when exposure in vivo followed the no-treatment period after the education and not during the operant grade d activity program . Performance of relevant daily activities , however , were not affected by the educational session and improved significantly only in the exposure in vivo condition . All improvements remained at half-year follow-up only in patients receiving the exposure in vivo . These patients also reported a significant decrease in pain intensity at follow-up
Results The FreKAQ-J had acceptable internal consistency , unidimensionality , good test-retest reliability , and was functional on the category rating scale .
The FreKAQ-J was significantly correlated with pain in motion , disability , pain-related catastrophizing , fear of movement , and anxiety symptomatology .
Conclusions We developed FreKAQ-J by modifying the FreBAQ-J. The FreKAQ-J fits the Rasch measurement model well and is suitable for use in people with knee OA .
Background Recent systematic review s have demonstrated that pain associated with knee osteoarthritis ( OA ) is a complex phenomenon that involves various contributors .
People with knee OA exhibit symptoms of impaired body-perception , including reduced tactile acuity , impairments in limb laterality recognition , and de grade d proprioceptive acuity .
The Fremantle Back Awareness Question naire ( FreBAQ ) was developed to assess body-perception specific to the back in people with chronic low back pain .
The aim of this study was to develop and assess the psychometric properties of a knee-specific version of the FreBAQ-J ( FreKAQ-J ) , determine whether people with knee pain experience perceptual impairments and investigate the relationship between disturbed self-perception and clinical status .