There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .
Increased physical activity and reduced adiposity in overweight Hispanic adolescents.
PURPOSE The objectives of this study were to examine 1 ) whether changes in total physical activity  ( PA ; counts per minute , cpm ) and time spent in moderate to vigorous PA ( MVPA ) are associated with changes in adiposity and 2 ) whether energy intake influences the relationship between changes in PA and changes in adiposity in overweight Hispanic adolescents . METHODS Analysis included 38 overweight ( body mass index , > 85th percentile ) Hispanic adolescents with complete pretest and posttest data on relevant variables after participating in a 16-wk intervention . The intervention treatment did not influence PA , so the sample was combined and the r and omization group was adjusted for in the analysis . Body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry , 7-d PA by accelerometry , and dietary intake by 3-d diet records were assessed before and after intervention . RESULTS Within individuals , the mean increase of PA ( n = 19 ) and mean decrease of PA ( n = 19 ) was approximately 105 cpm . A 100-cpm increase in total PA was associated with a decrease of 1.3 kg of fat mass and 0.8 % body fat after adjusting for pretest adiposity , PA , age , sex , and treatment ( P < 0.05 ) . Controlling for energy intake modestly strengthened the relationships between total PA and fat mass and percent body fat . Changes in MVPA were not related to changes in adiposity after controlling for total PA ( P > 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS Increasing total PA  by 28 % ( 100 cpm ) was associated with a decrease of 1.4 kg of fat mass and 1 % body fat for 16 wk in overweight Hispanic adolescents independent of intervention group assignment . Increases in total PA , compared with MVPA , may be sufficient to improve body composition in overweight Hispanic adolescents
There was some evidence that school-based physical activity interventions had a positive impact on four of the nine outcome measures .
Specifically positive effects were observed for duration of physical activity , television viewing , VO2 max , and blood cholesterol .
Generally , school-based interventions had little effect on physical activity rates , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , BMI , and pulse rate .
At a minimum , a combination of printed educational material s and changes to the school curriculum that promote physical activity result ed in positive effects .
Few changes in outcomes were observed in this up date with the exception of blood cholesterol and physical activity rates .
For example blood cholesterol was no longer positively impacted upon by school-based physical activity interventions .
The evidence suggests the ongoing implementation of school-based physical activity interventions at this time , given the positive effects on behavior and one physical health status measure .
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese .
In addition , WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 10 % to 16 % of cases each of breast cancer , colon , and rectal cancers as well as type 2 diabetes , and 22 % of coronary heart disease and the burden of these and other chronic diseases has rapidly increased in recent decades .
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents .