This systematic review suggests that supplementation with phytonadione and menaquinone-4 reduces bone loss .
In the case of the latter , there is a strong effect on incident fractures among Japanese patients
BACKGROUND Observational and some experimental data suggest that low intake of vitamin K may be associated with an increased risk of fracture .
OBJECTIVE To assess whether oral vitamin K ( phytonadione and menaquinone ) supplementation can reduce  bone loss  and prevent fractures .
Amelioration of osteoporosis by menatetrenone in elderly female Parkinson's disease patients with vitamin D deficiency.
Significant reduction in bone mineral density ( BMD ) occurs in patients with Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) , correlating with immobilization and with vitamin D deficiency , and increasing the risk of hip fracture , especially in elderly women . As a biological indicator of compromised vitamin K status , an increased serum concentration of undercarboxylated osteocalcin ( Oc ) has been associated with reduced BMD in the hip and an increased risk of fracture in otherwise healthy elderly women . We evaluated treatment with vitamin K(2 ) ( menatetrenone ; MK-4 ) in maintaining BMD and reducing the incidence of nonvertebral fractures in elderly female patients with PD . In a r and om and prospect i ve study of PD patients , 60 received 45 mg of MK-4 daily for 12 months , and the remaining 60 ( untreated group ) did not . At baseline , patients of both groups showed vitamin D and K(1 ) deficiencies , high serum levels of ionized calcium , and glutaminic residue ( Glu ) Oc , and low levels of parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [ 1,25-(OH)(2)D ] , indicating that immobilization-induced hypercalcemia inhibits renal synthesis of 1,25-(OH)(2)D and compensatory PTH secretion . BMD in the second metacarpals increased by 0.9 % in the treated group and decreased by 4.3 % in the untreated group ( p < 0.0001 ) .  Vitamin K(2 ) level increased by 259.8 % in the treated group . Correspondingly , significant decreases in Glu Oc and calcium were observed in the treated group , in association with an increase in both PTH and 1,25-(OH)(2)D. Ten patients sustained fractures ( eight at the hip and two at other sites ) in the untreated group , and one hip fracture occurred among treated patients ( p = 0.0082 ; odds ratio = 11.5 ) . The treatment with MK-4 can increase the BMD of vitamin D- and K-deficient bone by increasing vitamin K concentration , and it can also decrease calcium levels through inhibition of bone resorption , result ing in an increase in 1,25-(OH)(2)D concentration
This systematic review suggests that supplementation with phytonadione and menaquinone-4 reduces bone loss .
In the case of the latter , there is a strong effect on incident fractures among Japanese patients
BACKGROUND Observational and some experimental data suggest that low intake of vitamin K may be associated with an increased risk of fracture .
OBJECTIVE To assess whether oral vitamin K ( phytonadione and menaquinone ) supplementation can reduce  bone loss  and prevent fractures .