Meta- analysis of RCTs showed that only cyclosporine A provided a simultaneous great effect size of SMD on ICSI , pain , and frequency .
Amitriptyline at different dosages showed a great effect size of SMD on pain and urgency or on ICSI and frequency .
The results from the n RCTs showed that the most frequently adopted treatment is oral pentosan polysulfate and that the use of botulinum A toxin intradetrusorial injections in PBS/IC is increasing .
Limited evidence exists for the few treatments for PBS/IC .
The lack of definitive conclusions is due to the great heterogeneity in methodology , symptoms assessment , duration of treatment , and follow-up in both RCTs and n RCTs
CONTEXT Different types of behavioural , dietary , interventional , pharmacologic , and surgical therapies have been used to treat painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis ( PBS/IC ) .
Because of the paucity of r and omised placebo-controlled studies on different treatments , an evidence -based management approach has not yet been developed .
OBJECTIVE To critically review and synthesize data from a wide range of current therapeutic approaches to PBS/IC , to quantify the effect size from r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) , and to reach clinical agreement on the efficacy of treatments for PBS/IC .
A placebo-controlled study of intravesical pentosanpolysulphate for the treatment of interstitial cystitis.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of intravesical pentosanpolysulphate ( PPS ) compared with placebo in patients with interstitial cystitis ( IC ) . PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for IC participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled study ; 10 received intravesical PPS ( 300 mg in 50 mL of 0.9 % sodium chloride ) applied twice a week for 3 months and the other 10 received a placebo .  Symptomatic relief and objective variables ( bladder capacity voiding volumes and urinary frequency ) were assessed after 3 months and the long-term outcome of those continuing treatment was determined . RESULTS Of the patients treated with PPS , four gained significant symptomatic relief compared with only two receiving placebo . Only the urodynamic bladder capacity showed a statistically significant increase in patients treated with PPS ( P = 0.047 ) . At 18 months from the start of the study , the symptoms were relieved in eight patients while still receiving PPS instillations and in four without treatment . CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that intravesical PPS is an effective option for the treatment of IC and shows that the intravesical application of PPS is a safe treatment with no important side-effects
Meta- analysis of RCTs showed that only cyclosporine A provided a simultaneous great effect size of SMD on ICSI , pain , and frequency .
Amitriptyline at different dosages showed a great effect size of SMD on pain and urgency or on ICSI and frequency .
The results from the n RCTs showed that the most frequently adopted treatment is oral pentosan polysulfate and that the use of botulinum A toxin intradetrusorial injections in PBS/IC is increasing .
Limited evidence exists for the few treatments for PBS/IC .
The lack of definitive conclusions is due to the great heterogeneity in methodology , symptoms assessment , duration of treatment , and follow-up in both RCTs and n RCTs
CONTEXT Different types of behavioural , dietary , interventional , pharmacologic , and surgical therapies have been used to treat painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis ( PBS/IC ) .
Because of the paucity of r and omised placebo-controlled studies on different treatments , an evidence -based management approach has not yet been developed .
OBJECTIVE To critically review and synthesize data from a wide range of current therapeutic approaches to PBS/IC , to quantify the effect size from r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) , and to reach clinical agreement on the efficacy of treatments for PBS/IC .