The review was registered ( Number CRD42013004632 ) on PROSPERO , the International Prospect i ve Register of Systematic Review s. Results The results indicated that PA is associated with significant and beneficial changes in fat percentage , waist circumference , systolic blood pressure , insulin , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and total cholesterol , as well as with small non-significant changes in diastolic blood pressure , glucose , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol .
Conclusion Although limited , results from controlled trials suggest that PA intervention may improve physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents who are overweight or obese
Background The increasing prevalence of obesity in the pediatric age range has become a major concern .
Studies have investigated the role of physical activity ( PA ) to prevent obesity in this population .
However , previous review s did not focus on the effects of PA in overweight/obese adolescents on physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease altogether .
Objective The present systematic review analyzed trials investigating the effect of PA on aerobic capacity , muscle strength , body composition , hemodynamic variables , biochemical markers , and endothelial function in obese/overweight adolescents .
Aerobic interval training reduces cardiovascular risk factors more than a multitreatment approach in overweight adolescents.
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of a multidisciplinary approach ( MTG ) and aerobic interval training ( AIT ) on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight adolescents . A total of 62 overweight and obese adolescents from Trøndelag County in Norway , referred to medical treatment at St Olav 's Hospital , Trondheim , Norway , were invited to participate . Of these , 54 adolescents ( age , 14.0 + /- 0.3 years ) were r and omized to either AIT ( 4 x 4 min intervals at 90 % of maximal heart rate , each interval separated by 3 min at 70 % , twice a week for 3 months ) or to MTG ( exercise , dietary and psychological advice , twice a month for 12 months ) . Follow-up testing occurred at 3 and 12 months . VO(2max ) ( maximal oxygen uptake ) increased more after AIT compared with MTG , both at 3 months ( 11 compared with 0 % ; P<0.01 ) and 12 months ( 12 compared with -1 % ; P<0.01 ) .  AIT enhanced endothelial function compared with MTG at both 3 months ( absolute change , 5.1 compared with 3.9 % ; P<0.01 ) and 12 months ( absolute change , 6.3 compared with 1.0 % ; P<0.01 ) . AIT was favourable compared with MTG in reducing BMI ( body mass index ) , percentage of fat , MAP ( mean arterial blood pressure ) and increasing peak oxygen pulse . In addition , AIT induced a more favourable regulation of blood glucose and insulin compared with MTG . In conclusion , the novel findings of the present proof-of-concept study was that 3 months of twice weekly high-intensity exercise sessions reduced several known cardiovascular risk factors  in obese adolescents more than that observed after a multitreatment strategy , which was initiated as hospital treatment . Follow-up at 12 months confirmed that AIT improved or maintained these risk factors to a better degree than MTG
The review was registered ( Number CRD42013004632 ) on PROSPERO , the International Prospect i ve Register of Systematic Review s. Results The results indicated that PA is associated with significant and beneficial changes in fat percentage , waist circumference , systolic blood pressure , insulin , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and total cholesterol , as well as with small non-significant changes in diastolic blood pressure , glucose , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol .
Conclusion Although limited , results from controlled trials suggest that PA intervention may improve physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents who are overweight or obese
Background The increasing prevalence of obesity in the pediatric age range has become a major concern .
Studies have investigated the role of physical activity ( PA ) to prevent obesity in this population .
However , previous review s did not focus on the effects of PA in overweight/obese adolescents on physical fitness and risk factors for cardiovascular disease altogether .
Objective The present systematic review analyzed trials investigating the effect of PA on aerobic capacity , muscle strength , body composition , hemodynamic variables , biochemical markers , and endothelial function in obese/overweight adolescents .