A review of its effects in schizophrenia suggests that modafinil facilitates cognitive functions , with pro-mnemonic effects and problem solving improvements .
The systematic review on the neurochemical modulation of the modafinil suggests that its mnemonic enhancing properties might be the result of glutamatergic and dopaminergic increased neuronal activation in the hippocampus and in the prefrontal cortex respectively .
Other neurotransmitters were also activated by modafinil in various limbic brain areas , suggesting that the drug acts on these brain regions to influence emotional responses .
Modafinil is a central nervous system wake promoting agent used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleeping .
Its vigilance promoting properties and low abuse potential has intrigued the scientific community and has led to use it as a cognitive enhancer , before its neural functions were understood .
Here , we review the effects of modafinil in human cognition and emotion and its specific actions on symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and whether these are consistently effective throughout the literature .
We also performed a systematic review on the effects of modafinil on neurotransmitter signalling in different areas of the brain in order to better underst and the neuromechanisms of its cognitive and emotional enhancing properties .
Increased positive versus negative affective perception and memory in healthy volunteers following selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition.
OBJECTIVE Antidepressants that inhibit the reuptake of serotonin ( SSRIs ) or norepinephrine ( SNRIs ) are effective in the treatment of disorders such as depression and anxiety . Cognitive psychological theories emphasize the importance of correcting negative biases of information processing in the nonpharmacological treatment of these disorders , but it is not known whether antidepressant drugs can directly modulate the neural processing of affective information . The present study therefore assessed the actions of repeated antidepressant administration on perception and memory for positive and negative emotional information in healthy volunteers . METHOD Forty-two male and female volunteers were r and omly assigned to 7 days of double-blind intervention with the SSRI citalopram ( 20 mg/day ) , the SNRI reboxetine ( 8 mg/day ) , or placebo . On the final day , facial expression recognition , emotion-potentiated startle response , and memory for affect-laden words were assessed . Question naires monitoring mood , hostility , and anxiety were given before and after treatment . RESULTS In the facial expression recognition task , citalopram and reboxetine reduced the identification of the negative facial expressions of anger and fear . Citalopram also abolished the increased startle response found in the context of negative affective images . Both antidepressants increased the relative recall of positive ( versus negative ) emotional material . These changes in emotional processing occurred in the absence of significant differences in ratings of mood and anxiety . However , reboxetine decreased subjective ratings of hostility and elevated energy . CONCLUSIONS Short-term administration of two different antidepressant types had similar effects on emotion-related tasks in healthy volunteers , reducing the processing of negative relative to positive emotional material . Such effects of antidepressants may ameliorate the negative biases in information processing that characterize mood and anxiety disorders . They also suggest a mechanism of action potentially compatible with cognitive theories of anxiety and depression
A review of its effects in schizophrenia suggests that modafinil facilitates cognitive functions , with pro-mnemonic effects and problem solving improvements .
The systematic review on the neurochemical modulation of the modafinil suggests that its mnemonic enhancing properties might be the result of glutamatergic and dopaminergic increased neuronal activation in the hippocampus and in the prefrontal cortex respectively .
Other neurotransmitters were also activated by modafinil in various limbic brain areas , suggesting that the drug acts on these brain regions to influence emotional responses .
Modafinil is a central nervous system wake promoting agent used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleeping .
Its vigilance promoting properties and low abuse potential has intrigued the scientific community and has led to use it as a cognitive enhancer , before its neural functions were understood .
Here , we review the effects of modafinil in human cognition and emotion and its specific actions on symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and whether these are consistently effective throughout the literature .
We also performed a systematic review on the effects of modafinil on neurotransmitter signalling in different areas of the brain in order to better underst and the neuromechanisms of its cognitive and emotional enhancing properties .