: The results of this systematic review identify the consistent and prevalent indicators of concussion and their associations , derived from the strongest evidence in the published literature .
BACKGROUND : Currently , there is no evidence -based definition for concussion that is being uniformly applied in clinical and research setting s. OBJECTIVE : To conduct a systematic review of the highest- quality literature about concussion and to assemble evidence about the prevalence and associations of key indicators of concussion .
The goal was to establish an evidence -based foundation from which to derive , in future work , a definition , diagnostic criteria , and prognostic indicators for concussion .
Prediction of intracranial computed tomography findings in patients with minor head injury by using logistic regression.
OBJECT The aim of this study was to develop a decision rule for physicians in developing countries to identify patients with minor head injury who will benefit from emergency brain CT scanning .  METHODS Three hundred eighteen patients with a history of blunt head trauma and a Glasgow Coma Scale ( GCS ) score > or= 13 who had presented within 12 hours of trauma underwent nonenhanced brain CT and were included in this prospect i ve study . Computed tomography findings that necessitated neurosurgical care ( either observation or intervention ) were considered as positive findings . Logistic regression was used to develop the decision rule . RESULTS Computed tomography scans  were always normal in patients < 65 years old who did not have an obvious head wound , a raccoon sign , vomiting , memory deficit , or a decrease in their GCS score .  Patients with 1 major criterion ( GCS score < 14 , raccoon sign , failure to remember the impact , age > 65 years , or vomiting ) or 2 minor criteria ( wound at the scalp or GCS score < 15 ) had an abnormal CT scan in 13 % of the cases . CONCLUSIONS The decision rule developed by the authors appears to be 100 % sensitive and 46 % specific for positive findings on brain CT and will , in developing countries , help clarify the decision to obtain scans
: The results of this systematic review identify the consistent and prevalent indicators of concussion and their associations , derived from the strongest evidence in the published literature .
BACKGROUND : Currently , there is no evidence -based definition for concussion that is being uniformly applied in clinical and research setting s. OBJECTIVE : To conduct a systematic review of the highest- quality literature about concussion and to assemble evidence about the prevalence and associations of key indicators of concussion .
The goal was to establish an evidence -based foundation from which to derive , in future work , a definition , diagnostic criteria , and prognostic indicators for concussion .