Calcium supplements  increased BMD by 0.7 - 1.8 % at all five skeletal sites at one , two , and over two and a half years , but the size of the increase in BMD at later time points was similar to the increase at one year .
Increasing calcium intake from dietary sources or by taking calcium supplements produces small non-progressive increases in BMD , which are unlikely to lead to a clinical ly significant reduction in risk of fracture
OBJECTIVE To determine whether increasing calcium intake from dietary sources affects  bone mineral density ( BMD ) and , if so , whether the effects are similar to those of calcium supplements .
Spinal bone loss in postmenopausal women supplemented with calcium and trace minerals.
The effects of calcium supplementation ( as calcium citrate malate , 1000 mg elemental Ca/d ) with and without the addition of zinc ( 15.0 mg/d ) , manganese ( 5.0 mg/d ) and copper ( 2.5 mg/d ) on spinal bone loss ( L2-L4 vertebrae ) was evaluated in healthy older postmenopausal women ( n = 59 , mean age 66 y ) in a 2-y , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial . Changes ( mean + /- SEM ) in bone density were -3.53 + /- 1.24 % ( placebo ) , -1.89 + /- 1.40 % ( trace minerals only ) , -1.25 + /- 1.46 % ( calcium only ) and 1.48 + /- 1.40 % ( calcium plus trace minerals ) . Bone loss relative to base-line value was significant ( P = 0.0061 ) in the placebo group but not in the groups receiving trace minerals alone , calcium alone , or calcium plus trace minerals . The only significant group difference occurred between the placebo group and the group receiving calcium plus trace minerals ( P = 0.0099 ) . These data suggest that bone loss in calcium-supplemented , older postmenopausal women can be further arrested by concomitant increases in trace mineral intake
Calcium supplements  increased BMD by 0.7 - 1.8 % at all five skeletal sites at one , two , and over two and a half years , but the size of the increase in BMD at later time points was similar to the increase at one year .
Increasing calcium intake from dietary sources or by taking calcium supplements produces small non-progressive increases in BMD , which are unlikely to lead to a clinical ly significant reduction in risk of fracture
OBJECTIVE To determine whether increasing calcium intake from dietary sources affects  bone mineral density ( BMD ) and , if so , whether the effects are similar to those of calcium supplements .