Conclusions Multi-mode ' universal ' adhesives can achieve substantial bonding to dentin , regardless of the used modes ( either etch- and -rinse or self-etch )
Objectives The aims of this study were to conduct a systematic review of the microtensile bond strength ( µTBS ) of  multi-mode adhesives to dentin and to perform a meta- analysis to assess the significance of differences in the µTBS of one of the most commonly used universal adhesives ( Scotchbond Universal , 3 M ESPE ) depending on whether the etch- and -rinse or self-etch mode was used .
Thirteen-year randomized controlled clinical trial of a two-step self-etch adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions.
OBJECTIVE The objective of this r and omized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the 13-year clinical performance of a mild two-step self-etch adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions with and without prior selective phosphoric acid-etching of the enamel cavity margins . METHODS A total of 100 non-carious cervical lesions in 29 patients were restored with Clearfil AP-X ( Kuraray Noritake ) . The composite restorations were bonded following two different approaches : ( 1 ) application of Clearfil SE Bond ( Kuraray Noritake ) following a self-etch approach ( CSE-NE ) ; ( 2 ) selective phosphoric acid-etching of enamel cavity margins before application of Clearfil SE Bond ( CSE-E ) . The restorations were evaluated after 6 months , 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 8 and 13 years of clinical service regarding retention , marginal integrity and discoloration , caries occurrence , preservation of tooth vitality and post-operative sensitivity . RESULTS The patient recall rate at 13 years was 62 % . Six restorations , 4 of the CSE-NE group and 2 of the CSE-E group , were clinical ly unacceptable due to loss of retention ( 1 CSE-NE , 1 CSE-E ) , a severe marginal defect ( 2 CSE-NE , 1 CSE-E ) and caries occurrence in combination with a severe marginal defect ( 1 CSE-NE ) leading to a clinical success rate of 86 % ( CSE-NE ) and 93 % ( CSE-E ) . Ageing of the restorations was characterized by a further increase in the percentage of restorations with a clinical ly acceptable small marginal defect ( CSE-NE : 87 % ; CSE-E : 83 % ) and /or superficial marginal discoloration ( CSE-NE : 53 % ; CSE-E : 56 % ) . The presence of small marginal defects ( CSE-NE : 86 % ; CSE-E : 68 % ) and superficial marginal discoloration ( CSE-NE : 41 % ; CSE-E : 20 % ) at the incisal enamel side was more frequently noticed in the CSE-NE group than in the CSE-E group . The difference , however , was not statistically significant ( McNemar , p>0.05 ) . SIGNIFICANCE After 13 years , the clinical effectiveness of Clearfil SE Bond in non-carious Class-V lesions remained excellent , with selective acid-etching of the enamel cavity margins only having some minor positive effect on marginal integrity and absence of marginal discoloration
Conclusions Multi-mode ' universal ' adhesives can achieve substantial bonding to dentin , regardless of the used modes ( either etch- and -rinse or self-etch )
Objectives The aims of this study were to conduct a systematic review of the microtensile bond strength ( µTBS ) of  multi-mode adhesives to dentin and to perform a meta- analysis to assess the significance of differences in the µTBS of one of the most commonly used universal adhesives ( Scotchbond Universal , 3 M ESPE ) depending on whether the etch- and -rinse or self-etch mode was used .