There was strong evidence that duration away from work from both MSK or pain-related conditions and MH conditions were significantly reduced by multi-domain interventions encompassing at least two of the three domains .
There was moderate evidence that these multi-domain interventions had a positive impact on cost outcomes .
There was strong evidence that cognitive behavioural therapy interventions that do not also include workplace modifications or service coordination components are not effective in helping workers with MH conditions in RTW .
Evidence for the effectiveness of other single-domain interventions was mixed , with some studies reporting positive effects and others reporting no effects on lost time and work functioning .
Purpose The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of workplace-based return-to-work ( RTW ) interventions and work disability management ( DM ) interventions that assist workers with musculoskeletal ( MSK ) and pain-related conditions and mental health ( MH ) conditions with RTW .
A two-year follow-up on a program theory of return to work intervention.
OBJECTIVE Validation of a salutogenic theory for return to work ( RTW ) and an associated program process theory . METHODS A longitudinal non-r and omized one-year trial study design was used with a two-year follow-up and with comparison to a reference group . Changes in attitudes and active behaviour in the intervention group and at the workplace were supported by cognitive and behavioural approaches . PARTICIPANTS The intervention group included 118 unskilled Danish public employees and privately employed house-cleaners on sick leave due to musculoskeletal and /or common mental illnesses . RESULTS Significant improvements of work ability index and perceived health ( SF36 subgroups ) were reported . A significantly higher RTW and a shorter sick leave than in the reference group also emerged . Positive predictors of RTW were keeping the pre-sick-leave job and improving work ability index and physical impairment/role physical . Decline in self-efficacy was a negative predictor . CONCLUSIONS Support for the theory and associated program process theory was found . The intervention seemed to influence RTW and the employees ' attitudes , behaviour and health by affecting comprehensibility , meaningfulness and manageability . Sustainable RTW emerged from a synergism of support from the work place and improved personal re sources , especially such as concern mental health . The approach is consistent with integrating health promotion in RTW
There was strong evidence that duration away from work from both MSK or pain-related conditions and MH conditions were significantly reduced by multi-domain interventions encompassing at least two of the three domains .
There was moderate evidence that these multi-domain interventions had a positive impact on cost outcomes .
There was strong evidence that cognitive behavioural therapy interventions that do not also include workplace modifications or service coordination components are not effective in helping workers with MH conditions in RTW .
Evidence for the effectiveness of other single-domain interventions was mixed , with some studies reporting positive effects and others reporting no effects on lost time and work functioning .
Purpose The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of workplace-based return-to-work ( RTW ) interventions and work disability management ( DM ) interventions that assist workers with musculoskeletal ( MSK ) and pain-related conditions and mental health ( MH ) conditions with RTW .