There was no evidence for the effectiveness of lumbar supports due to contradictory outcomes of the studies .
Thus there is limited evidence that education does not help to prevent back pain .
All three studies on exercise reported a positive result , indicating limited evidence for the effectiveness of exercise .
The review showed that there is limited evidence that exercise has some effect in the prevention of back pain and that education is not effective .
No conclusive evidence was found for or against the effectiveness of lumbar supports .
OBJECTIVE : To assess the effectiveness of lumbar supports , education , and exercise in the prevention of back pain in industry .
Assessing the quality of randomized controlled trials: an annotated bibliography of scales and checklists.
Assessing the quality of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) is important and relatively new . Quality gives us an estimate of the likelihood that the results are a valid estimate of the truth . We present an annotated bibliography of scales and checklists developed to assess quality . Twenty-five scales and nine checklists have been developed to assess quality . The checklists are most useful in providing investigators with guidelines as to what information should be included in reporting RCTs . The scales give readers a quantitative index of the likelihood that the reported methodology and results are free of bias . There are several shortcomings with these scales . Future scale development is likely to be most beneficial if questions common to all trials are assessed , if the scale is easy to use , and if it is developed with sufficient rigor
There was no evidence for the effectiveness of lumbar supports due to contradictory outcomes of the studies .
Thus there is limited evidence that education does not help to prevent back pain .
All three studies on exercise reported a positive result , indicating limited evidence for the effectiveness of exercise .
The review showed that there is limited evidence that exercise has some effect in the prevention of back pain and that education is not effective .
No conclusive evidence was found for or against the effectiveness of lumbar supports .
OBJECTIVE : To assess the effectiveness of lumbar supports , education , and exercise in the prevention of back pain in industry .