There was no evidence to suggest a shortened fluid fast results in an increased risk of aspiration, regurgitation or related morbidity compared with the standard 'nil by mouth from midnight' fasting policy. Permitting patients to drink water preoperatively resulted in significantly lower gastric volumes. Clinicians should be encouraged to appraise this evidence for themselves and when necessary adjust any remaining standard fasting policies (nil-by-mouth from midnight) for patients that are not considered 'at-risk' during anaesthesia.
Gastric contents at induction of anaesthesia. Is a 4-hour fast necessary?
The study was undertaken to ascertain whether a light standard breakfast would influence the volume and median pH of gastric contents. Comparisons were obtained between a group of patients (n = 22) fasted overnight and a group (n = 23) allowed a light breakfast. There were no significant differences between the groups in respect of the volume of gastric contents aspirated, the median pH of the gastric contents or the number of patients with a pH of less than 3.0 unit.