batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
Meeus M, Nijs J, Van Oosterwijck J, Van Alsenoy V, Truijen S. Pain physiology education improves pain beliefs in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome compared with pacing and self-management education: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Objective To examine whether pain physiology education was capable of changing pain cognitions and pain thresholds in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and chronic widespread pain. Design Double-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting Specialized chronic fatigue clinic in university hospital. Participants A random sample of patients (N=48) with CFS patients (8 men, 40 women) experiencing chronic pain, randomly allocated to the control group (n=24) or experimental group (n=24). Two women in the experimental group did not complete the study because of practical issues (lack of time and restricted mobility). Interventions One individual pain physiology education session (experimental) or 1 pacing and self-management education session (control). Main Outcome Measures Algometry, the Neurophysiology of Pain Test, and questionnaires evaluating pain cognitions—the Pain Coping Inventory, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia–version CFS—were completed immediately before and immediately after the intervention. Results After the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated a significantly better understanding of the neurophysiology of pain (P<.001) and a reduction of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale subscale “ruminating” (P=.009) compared with controls. For these variables, moderate to large Cohen d effect sizes were revealed (.79–2.53). Conclusions A 30-minute educational session on pain physiology imparts a better understanding of pain and brings about less rumination in the short term. Pain physiology education can be an important therapeutic modality in the approach of patients with CFS and chronic pain, given the clinical relevance of inappropriate pain cognitions.
Co3O4 nanosheets with superior electrochemical properties are prepared by a spray drying process. The precursor powders with a hollow and a thin-walled structure, obtained by the spray drying process, turn into nanosheets after a post-treatment process at temperatures below 600°C. Citric acid dissolved in the spray solution of the cobalt precursor is a key material for the formation of the hollow thin-walled precursor powders. The mean crystallite sizes of the Co3O4 nanosheets post-treated at 200 and 400°C are 17 and 24nm, respectively. The mean powder sizes consisting of the nanosheets, as measured from the TEM images, are similar to the mean crystallite sizes of the powders. The discharge capacities of the Co3O4 nanosheets post-treated at 200 and 400oC are 925 and 1102mA h g-1, respectively, at a current density of 1400mA g-1 after 100 cycles, and the corresponding capacity retentions, measured after the first cycle, are 91% and 110%. The initial discharge capacities of the Co3O4 nanosheets post-treated at 400°C are 1199 and 1122mA h g-1 at high current densities of 3500 and 7000mA g-1, respectively, and the discharge capacities after 100 cycles are 868 and 695mA h g-1.
In the energy management of the isolated operation of small power system, the economic scheduling of the generation units is a crucial problem. Applying right timing can maximize the performance of the supply. The optimal operation of a wind turbine, a solar unit, a fuel cell and a storage battery is searched by a mixed-integer linear programming implemented in General Algebraic Modeling Systems (GAMS). A Virtual Power Producer (VPP) can optimal operate the generation units, assured the good functioning of equipment, including the maintenance, operation cost and the generation measurement and control. A central control at system allows a VPP to manage the optimal generation and their load control. The application of methodology to a real case study in Budapest Tech, demonstrates the effectiveness of this method to solve the optimal isolated dispatch of the DC micro-grid renewable energy park. The problem has been converged in 0.09s and 30 iterations.
Finite element simulations are presented, showing material utilisation and electrochemical cell behaviour of a rechargeable Li-ion microbattery in planar thin-film, 3D and 3D core core-shell nanoarchitectures in which the active material is 250 nm thick as a shell on a 250 nm diameter core support. The materials simulated are non-porous additive-free LiCoO2, lithium metal and solid-state, polymer, polymer-gel and liquid electrolytes. The concentration profile of the LiCoO2 during discharge and areal energy versus areal power in a Ragone plot for each of the different architectures are compared. It is shown that the planar thin-film architecture gave better cell performance when used with the solid-state electrolyte with all three architectures showing material utilisation of the cathode at the closest point to the anode. The 3D and 3D core-shell nanoarchitectures show better battery performance for the polymer electrolyte then the planar thin film, with the 3D nanoarchitecture being the best. The 3D core-shell architecture shows a significant improvement in performance by comparison with the thin-film and 3D nanoarchitectures when a polymer-gel or a liquid electrolyte are used. The 3D nanoarchitecture shows a slight decline in performance when going from a polymer-gel electrolyte to a liquid electrolyte with faster Li-ion transport. The 3D core-shell nanoarchitecture shows improved cell performance with faster Li-ion transport. The adoption of 3D nanoarchitectures with suitable electrolytes can have a significant improvement in battery areal energy and power performance.
Double perovskites LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = rare earth) are explored as cathode materials for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell. Barriers to the applicability of double perovskite cathodes include high thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) and poor chemical compatibility with common electrolytes. In this paper, we report the characteristics and applicability of a double perovskite NdBaCo2/3Fe2/3Cu2/3O5+δ (NBCFC) cathode on CeO2- and LaGaO3-based electrolytes. NBCFC is found to crystallize in a tetragonal structure. Partial substitution of Fe and Cu for cobalt in NBCFC demonstrates significantly decreased TEC and good chemical compatibility with both Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 (GDC) and La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3–δ (LSGM) electrolytes, while maintaining its good electrochemical performance. The oxidation states of transition metal cations are Co3+/Co4+, Fe3+/Fe4+, and Cu+/Cu2+, respectively. The average TEC of NBCFC is 15.7 × 10−6 K−1 between 30 and 850 °C, and the polarization resistance values are 0.056 and 0.023 Ω cm2 at 800 °C with GDC and LSGM electrolytes, respectively. The absence of spin-state transition in copper contributes to the TEC reduction. Addition of appropriate amounts of GDC into NBCFC to form NBCFC–GDC composite cathodes further reduce the TEC and improve cathode performance. These results can be used to improve and develop novel double perovskite cathode materials.
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the loss of functional ubiquitin protein ligase E3A (UBE3A). In neurons, UBE3A expression is tightly regulated by a mechanism of imprinting which suppresses the expression of the paternal UBE3A allele. Promising treatment strategies for AS are directed at activating paternal UBE3A gene expression. However, for such strategies to be successful, it is important to know when such a treatment should start, and how much UBE3A expression is needed for normal embryonic brain development.
Adsorber bed design strongly affects the performance of waste-heat driven adsorption cooling systems (ACS) for vehicle air conditioning and refrigeration (A/C–R) applications. Adsorber beds should be specifically sized for vehicle A/C–R considering the limitations of mobile applications. However, there is no conclusive evidence on what type of adsober bed is proper for vehicle applications. To evaluate the performance of ACS, specific cooling power (SCP), adsorber bed to adsorbent mass ratio, and coefficient of performance (COP) are introduced and their order of importance are assessed. To investigate the available studies in the open literature, desired SCP of 350W/kg dry adsorbent and adsorber bed to adsorbent mass ratio of less than one are calculated for a 1-ton-of-refrigeration, 2-adsorber bed, silica gel–water ACS. According to these criteria, previous studies are summarized into nine groups with respect to their adsober beds and consequently, finned tube adsorber bed design is selected among the existing designs. Finally, optimization of fin spacing and fin height, and enhancing thermal conductivity of adsorbent material by adding metal wool inside the finned tube adsorber bed are proposed as the practical solutions to increase heat and mass transfer rates within the adsorber bed.
Advanced hybrid powerplants combining a fuel cell and battery can enable significantly higher endurance for small, electrically powered unmanned aircraft systems, compared with batteries alone. However, detailed investigations of the static and dynamic performance of such systems are required to address integration challenges. This article describes a series of tests used to characterise the Horizon Energy Systems' AeroStack hybrid, fuel-cell-based powertrain. The results demonstrate that a significant difference can exist between the dynamic performance of the fuel-cell system and its static polarisation curve, confirming the need for detailed measurements. The results also confirm that the AeroStack's lithium-polymer battery plays a crucial role in its response to dynamic load changes and protects the fuel cell from membrane dehydration and fuel starvation. At low static loads, the AeroStack fuel cell recharges the battery with currents up to 1 A, which leads to further differences with the polarisation curve.
A number of patients have been reported who produce more semantic information in response to faces than to names, and vice versa (e.g., Eslinger et al., 1996). It has sometimes been claimed that these patterns are consistent with the hypothesis that faces and names gain access to separate, modality-specific, biographic knowledge systems. Resolving this debate has proved somewhat difficult, however, given limitations of existing data. Not only are there relatively few patients showing these particular patterns of differentiation, but also testing has often not been sufficiently thorough to rule out alternative accounts. In this paper, we present results of two studies investigating biographical knowledge differences in neurological patients and healthy adult controls. The first study focused on two patients who appeared to access more information about famous people in response to their names than to their faces. On superficial analysis, this pattern could be seen to support the notion of modality-specific biographical knowledge systems. However, closer examination revealed that, for both cases, the findings could be explained by a difficulty in face recognition, rather than by assuming separate semantic representations for faces and names. The second study investigated the role of face and name cues in accessing biographical information in younger and older healthy adults. We found that accuracy in retrieval of biographical information was significantly better with name cues for both groups. Results from these studies not only highlight the processes that must be examined in order to demonstrate modality-specific differences conclusively, but also reveal a fundamental bias in retrieval of biographical knowledge that has not been addressed in research of this nature.
The presynaptic N type Ca channel (CaV2.2) is associated with the transmitter release site apparatus and plays a critical role in the gating of transmitter release. It has been suggested that a distinct CaV2.2 long C terminal splice variant is targeted to the nerve terminal and is anchored at the release face by calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) and Munc-18-interacting protein (MINT), two modular adaptor proteins. We used the isolated chick ciliary ganglion calyx terminal together with two new antibodies (L4569, L4570) selective for CaV2.2 long C terminal splice variant to test these hypotheses. CaV2.2 long C terminal splice variant was present at the presynaptic transmitter release sites, as identified by Rab3a-interacting molecule (RIM) co-staining and quantitative immunocytochemistry. CASK was also present at the terminal both in conjunction with, and independent of its binding partner, MINT. Immunoprecipitation of CaV2.2 long C terminal splice variant from brain lysate coprecipitated CASK, confirming that these two proteins can form a complex. However, CASK was not colocalized either with CaV2.2 long C terminal splice variant or the transmitter release site marker RIM at the calyx terminal release face. Neither was MINT colocalized with CaV2.2 long C terminal splice variant. Our results show that native CaV2.2 long C terminal splice variant is targeted to the transmitter release sites at an intact presynaptic terminal. However, the lack of enrichment of CASK at the release site combined with the failure of this protein or its partner MINT to colocalize with CaV2.2 argues against the idea that these modular adaptor proteins anchor CaV2.2 at presynaptic nerve terminals.
Transpiration, the movement of water through plants from the soil to the atmosphere, is an important process in plant physiology, the hydrologic cycle, and the global energy balance. Transpiration at the scale of individual plants can be measured with weighing lysimetry, but this technique is limited to small plants and is generally impractical for trees and many field crops. Heat-pulse velocity methods offer an alternative, and several plant sap flow gauges have been marketed. Because these gauges use electrical resistance heaters to heat the stem, they present several problems: they are invasive, typically bulky, provide poor temperature control (killing the cambium), and have lengthy response times, so they cannot measure short-term transients. In this report, we describe a system for measuring sap flow in real-time and without the need to puncture the stem. Instead of a resistance heater, it uses a laser beam as a heat source, and instead of contact thermometers, it uses non-contact infrared thermometers. Used with a precision-mounting unit that insures constant alignment, it determines whole-plant transpiration. The laser has the added advantage of delivering a precisely controlled amount of heat for a discrete time period. The end product is a more accurate, less invasive way to gauge water flow through herbaceous plant stems.
We tested categorical perception and speech-in-noise perception in a group of five-year-old preschool children genetically at risk for dyslexia, compared to a group of well-matched control children and a group of adults. Both groups of children differed significantly from the adults on all speech measures. Comparing both child groups, the risk group presented a slight but significant deficit in speech-in-noise perception, particularly in the most difficult listening condition. For categorical perception a marginally significant deficit was observed on the discrimination task but not on the identification task. Speech parameters were significantly related to phonological awareness and low-level auditory measures. Results are discussed within the framework of a causal model where low-level auditory problems are hypothesized to result in subtle speech perception problems that might interfere with the development of phonology and reading and spelling ability.
In this work new energy storage components were prepared depositing films made of polyaniline (PANI) modified with gold/magnetite nanoparticles on flexible graphite foils. Three types of composite materials termed PANI/Fe3O4, PANI/Au/Fe3O4 and PANI/Au/Fe3O4@Yne (where @Yne is a propynylcarbamate group) were obtained by electrosynthesis. Galvanostatic charge-discharge (CD) and impedance tests (EIS) were performed to verify their efficiency in charge storage properties: for the gold-containing electrodes PANI/Au/Fe3O4 and PANI/Au/Fe3O4@Yne areal capacities values of 45.6 and 46.5 mAh cm−2 were found in 0.5 M H2SO4 + 0.1 M LiClO4 electrolyte solution at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2. These values are twofold higher than those found for PANI/Fe3O4 electrodes and fourfold greater than those for PANI alone (11.0 mAh cm−2). In turn PANI/Au/Fe3O4 and PANI/Au/Fe3O4@Yne were employed to assemble gel-state symmetric devices. CD, EIS and longtime resistance tests were made on the new devices that displayed an areal capacities of 100.0 mAh cm−2 for PANI/Au/Fe3O4 and 73.6 mAh cm−2 PANI/Au/Fe3O4@Yne respectively. To our knowledge this is the first time that AuNP–modified magnetite nanoparticles are used in energy storage devices preparation.
This paper explores the impacts of active suspension with energy regeneration capability on the fuel economy of a power split Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). Models of HEV powertrain and suspension are established and, based on their interactions, unified. The impacts of control parameters on the suspension performance are synthetically analyzed. The analyses form a basis for the design of suspension controller. High-level supervisory controller and low-level sub-controllers for HEV powertrain and suspension are designed. Low-level sub-controllers can ensure the performance of each system, whose control parameters are updated by the supervisory controller. The equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS), superior in maintaining charge sustainability, is improved for better application in the proposed system. Simulation results under different conditions demonstrate that both HEV fuel economy and ride comfort are improved. Comparative analyses of various scenarios validate the positive effect of suspension energy regeneration on the energy conservation performance of power split HEV. Meanwhile, the improvement of HEV fuel economy can be highlighted by applying ECMS.
New electrode materials have been synthesized extensively with the aim of enhancing sensitivity and selectivity besides decreasing the overpotential of electrode reactions. Present work describes the design of a new one-pot hydrothermal route for the preparation of highly electroactive nanocomposite, SnS2 decorated reduced graphene oxide nanoribbons (designated as SnS2-rGONRs) for analytical and binding applications of a flavanone, naringenin (NAR). Electrode materials were characterized by XRD, Raman, TEM and AFM techniques. SnS2-rGONRs based electrochemical sensor was fabricated by drop casting of SnS2-rGONRs dispersion on GCE surface (SnS2-rGONRs/GCE). SnS2-rGONRs/GCE was utilized to explore the detailed electrochemistry of NAR and to unravel the mechanism of interaction of NAR with human serum albumin. About 50-fold enhancement in the electrochemical response of NAR was observed at SnS2-rGONRs/GCE compared to that noticed at bare GCE, suggesting that the interface SnS2-rGONRs has an excellent charge transfer capability. Influence of pH and scan rate was studied to explore the electrode kinetics of NAR. Under the optimized conditions, a linear relationship between the peak current and concentration of NAR was observed in the range of 0.49–56.6μM. Proposed electrode, SnS2-rGONRs/GCE was employed for the determination of NAR in analyte fortified biological samples. Binding characteristics viz., binding constant, stiochiometry and mode of interaction of NAR with drug carrier protein, human serum albumin (HSA) was also explored using the proposed sensor. Binding constant of NAR-HSA was found to be in the order of 104 M−1 and one molecule of NAR was bound to one macromolecule of HSA.
Peripheral pancytopenia is not a disease by itself; rather it describes simultaneous presence of anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia resulting from a number of disease processes. Only a few systematic studies have been published on the topic of pancytopenia, although extensive studies have been done for its different etiological factors like aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, leukemia, etc. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate for and to identify the causes of pancytopenia, to find out the frequency of different causes, to determine the incidence of pancytopenia in relation to sex and age and to compare our findings with those of other similar studies from this part of the world.
The LiMn2O4 based lithium batteries using commercially available electrolytes suffer from poor cycling performance at elevated temperatures (above 55°C). This is mainly caused by the Mn dissolution generated from HF thermally decomposed from the LiPF6 salt at elevated temperatures. In this paper, a single-ion gel polymer electrolyte (polymeric lithium tartaric acid borate @ poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) was explored for improving the cycling performance of the LiMn2O4 based lithium battery at elevated temperatures owing to superior thermal stability and comparable ionic conductivity. It was manifested that the Li/LiMn2O4 cells using this single-ion gel polymer electrolyte showed stable charge/discharge voltage profiles, preferable rate capability and excellent cycling performance both at room temperature and elevated temperature of 55°C. The dissolution of metallic Mn in this electrolyte is significantly suppressed than that of LiPF6 electrolyte. These superior performances could endow this single-ion gel polymer electrolyte a promising alternative to the conventional liquid electrolyte system in the LiMn2O4 battery at elevated temperatures.
Extensive safety evaluation of UP446, a botanical composition comprised of standardized extracts from roots of Scutellaria baicalensis and heartwoods of Acacia catechu, has been reported previously. Here we carried out additional studies to assess the effect of UP446 on respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous (CNS) systems. A Functional observational battery (FOB) and whole body plethysmography system in rats and implanted telemetry in dogs were utilized to evaluate the potential CNS, respiratory and cardiovascular toxicity, respectively. UP446 was administered orally at dose levels of 800, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg to SpragueDawley rats and at 4 ascending dose levels (0, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) to beagle dogs. No abnormal effects were observed on the cage side, open field, hand held, and sensori-motor observations suggestive of toxicity in respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous (CNS) systems. Rectal temperatures were comparable for each treatment groups. Similarly, respiratory rate, tidal volume and minute volume were unaffected by any of the treatment groups. No UP446 related changes were observed on blood pressure, heart rate and electrocardiogram in beagle dogs at dose levels of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Some minor incidental, non-dose correlated changes were observed in the FOB assessment. These data suggest that UP446 has minimal or no pharmaco-toxicological effect on the respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous systems.