batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
A rapid and simple way to prepare porous Fe2O3/Fe3O4@carbon octahedron arrayed on three-dimensional graphene foam (Fe2O3/Fe3O4@C/G) nanocomposites was developed. Firstly, Fe-metal organic frameworks (MOFs)/graphene oxide (GO) precursor was fabricated by growing octahedral Fe-MOFs on the surface of GO and then the as-prepared Fe-MOFs/GO was rapidly transformed into porous Fe2O3/Fe3O4@C/G by combusting the mixture of precursors and triethylamine (TEA) in air. In the combustion process, GO was reduced and connected each other into N-doped G foam, and Fe-MOFs were transformed into porous Fe2O3/Fe3O4@C octahedron and arrayed on G foam. The porous structure, porous carbon and G foam relieved the volume expansion of Fe2O3/Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and enhanced electrical conductivity of nanocomposites. The as-prepared Fe2O3/Fe3O4@C/G showed a high discharge capacity (1210 mAh g−1, 200 cycles) and long cycle life (5 A g−1, 400 cycles) when was applied to lithium-ion batteries. This work to prepare Fe2O3/Fe3O4@C/G nanocomposites through the combustion of TEA and Fe-MOFs/GO could save energy, achieve rapid preparation and shorten the reaction time. It might provide an original way for fabrication of transition metal oxides@C derived from MOFs and a constructive view into the preparation of composite materials.
In this communication, a porous hierarchical nanostructure consisting of amorphous MnO2 (a-MnO2), Mn3O4 nanocrystals, and single-crystalline MnOOH nanowires is designed for the supercapacitor application, which is prepared by a simple two-step electrochemical deposition process. Because of the gradual co-transformation of Mn3O4 nanocrystals and a-MnO2 nanorods into an amorphous manganese oxide, the cycle stability of a-MnO2 is obviously enhanced by adding Mn3O4. This unique ternary oxide nanocomposite with 100-cycle CV activation exhibits excellent capacitive performances, i.e., excellent reversibility, high specific capacitances (470Fg−1 in CaCl2), high power property, and outstanding cycle stability. The highly porous microstructures of this composite before and after the 10,000-cycle CV test are examined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Herein, Na2SnO3 is employed as an anode for rechargeable lithium ion battery (LIB). We thoroughly investigated the electrochemical performance of Na2SnO3 in comparison with the most commonly used Sn based oxides, such as SnO2 and Li2SnO3. It is found that Na2SnO3 is greatly superior to SnO2 and Li2SnO3 in terms of capacity, cycling stability and rate capability. Impressively, Na2SnO3 presents favorable specific capacity of 480 mA h g−1 at current density of 200 mA g−1 after 100 cycles and still delivers a capacity of 439 mA h g−1 at extremely large current density of 1000 mA g−1, which are leading the performance in anodes for LIBs. Ex situ SEM analysis of anodes after different cycles revealed the surface microstructure of anodes plays a critical role in determining cycling stability. The SEM results show big cracks on the surface of electrode for SnO2 after less 15 cycles and for Li2SnO3 after more 100 cycles, resulting from their severe volume change during charging-discharging process. However, Na2SnO3 electrode exhibits uniform surface morphology after 100 cycles. It is concluded the “Na2O″ intrinsic matrix of Na2SnO3 combining with “Li2O″ formed from the conversion reaction can act as a mixture buffering matrix that contributes to keeping the electrochemically formed nanoscale Sn particles apart and preventing their agglomeration during Li−Sn alloy formation and decomposition, thus inhibiting the volume expansion and the capacity fading by maintaining the electrode integrity. In addition, the electrochemical reaction mechanism of Na2SnO3 with Li is investigated by ex situ XRD technique. The findings in this study provide a new valuable anode for high-performance LIBs and an insightful viewpoint of developing anode materials with high electrochemical performance by introducing the electrochemical inactive intrinsic matrix.
The electrochemical performance of Li-ion insertion into electrodes made of various sizes of anatase titania nanoparticles embedded in larger granulated entities (1–10μm) is investigated. The granules are formed by spray drying of a suspension containing titania nanoparticles made by hydrolyzing titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP). Depending on the three process steps, i.e. hydrolysis–condensation, hydrothermal processing and spray drying, different properties for the electrode made from these granules can be achieved in terms of phase composition, specific surface area (SSA) and specific charge capacity. Hydrothermally processed (HP) particles are more resistant to calcination than sol–gel precipitated (SGP) ones and have a higher SSA which leads to a better performance with respect to specific charge capacity. Electrodes made from granulated nanoparticles have superior specific charge capacity than from non-granulated ones as the former have more inter-particle contacts.
All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) based on oxide solid electrolytes are promising future candidates for safer batteries with high energy density. In order to estimate the future manufacturing cost for oxide based ASSBs, a systematic identification and evaluation of technologies in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and multi-layer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) production has been carried out. Based on a requirements analysis, these technologies are assessed towards their applicability in the production of ASSBs. The most promising technologies are compared by technology readiness using Monte-Carlo simulations. The comprehensive overview and systematic analysis of production scenarios for oxide-based ASSBs reveals significant advantages of established wet coating technologies, such as tape casting and screen printing. However, emerging technologies, such as the aerosol deposition method, could render the high temperature sintering step void. By comparison with SOFC production and adopting learning rates from conventional battery production, an estimation for the manufacturing cost of a garnet-based ASSB is given, indicating that prices below 150 $ kW−1 h−1 at the cell level (incl. housing) are conceivable if the material cost for the garnet solid electrolyte can be pushed below 60 $ kg−1. Based on these findings, scenarios for the scale-up from laboratory research to industrial scale can be derived, paving the way to mass production of safer batteries with high energy density.
This study investigates a novel control algorithm for the home energy management system (HEMS) to monitor and schedule the electrical appliances to apply in any conventional houses. This is to reduce the electricity consumption and consequently electricity cost in places with time-of-use (TOU) pricing model. A hardware implementation is executed in a testbed house premise using in-house built control system, smart plugs as well as PV system as the supplementary source. In this system architecture, the overall consumption of the electrical appliances that run on the grid is limited by the algorithm and kept under the certain value that is fixed depending on the total consumption of the building and the capacity of the battery. If the predefined limit is crossed, the new appliances are shifted to run on battery instead of shifting to other time, and thereby human comfort is less violated. In the worst case scenario, where the electrical appliances are assumed to consume the maximum amount of electricity, a prototype implementation of the proposed algorithm achieves up to 15% of electricity cost reduction and ensures the minimum sacrifice in dweller's comfort.
Achieving high activity and stability oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts to optimize the efficiency of metal−air battery, water splitting and other energy conversion devices, remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the metallic porous nanowires arrays with abundant defects via nitrogen and copper codoped CoS1.97 nanowires (N−CuCoS1.97 NWs). The N−CuCoS1.97 NWs can serve as an excellent OER self-supported electrode with an overpotential of 280 mV (j = 10 mA cm−2) and remarkable long-term stability. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) measurements confirmed the surface lattice oxygen created on the N−CuCoS1.97 NWs during OER. Then, the density function theory (DFT) results evident that lattice oxygen constructed surface of N−CuCoS1.97 NWs has more favorable OER energetic profiles and absorption for reaction intermediate. More importantly, the flexible and wearable Zn−air battery fabricated by the N−CuCoS1.97NWs shows excellent rechargeable and mechanical stability, which can be used in portable mobile device.
Understanding which energy future configurations provide publicly acceptable levels of energy security, affordability, and environmental protection is critical for institutional decision-making. However, little is known about how scenarios influence energy preferences. Here we present nationally representative UK data on public preferences for energy futures using the my2050 scenario-building tool that encourages engagement with the holistic complexities of system change. Engagement with the tool strengthened existing preferences for renewable energy and intentions to take personal action. Importantly, patterns of energy preferences were influenced by exemplar scenarios, which served as reference points that anchored choices. Carbon capture and storage, nuclear power, biofuels, and changes to heating and travel were particularly impacted by scenarios indicating uncertainty and ambivalence regarding these options. Scenarios (and scenario-building tools) are valuable for engaging citizens about future energy systems. However, care is required in their design and interpretation to reach robust conclusions about underlying preferences and acceptance.