batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
In the last years, stationary battery systems started to attract the attention of stakeholders thanks to their unique ability to decouple power generation and load over time, providing the ancillary services necessary for the stability and the reliability of the electrical system. This is especially true in the presence of high levels of penetration of renewable energy technologies, like wind and solar photovoltaic (PV), because of increased fluctuations in the electricity produced by these renewable sources. Despite the growing interest in energy storage technologies, the academic literature has not completely assessed the development trends of this sector. In order to fill this gap, this study strives to address the trends in the spread of stationary battery systems within the U.S. territory. First, the U.S. policy legislation within the different U.S. states is reviewed, with particular emphasis on support policies put in place in the different states. Second, based on the analysis of the Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Storage Database, the main trends in battery systems installations within the U.S. are identified and presented in this paper, with reference both to the viable use cases and to the main electrochemical technologies currently spread in the storage market. The analysis carried out in this work could help stakeholders to assess the impact of energy storage policies in the different U.S. states, identifying the future trends and the most promising markets within the U.S. territory.
Polypyrrole films doped with oxalic acid and tungstate were potentiostatically electropolymerized on aluminum alloy 1100. Two statistical factorial designs (fractional and complete) were used to study the influence of the synthesis variables on the film performance against corrosion. Corrosion protection of the polypyrrole films doped with oxalate and tungstate anions (PPy/OXA/W) on the aluminum alloy was evaluated by potentiometric and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in a 0.05 mol L−1 NaCl solution. The results obtained showed that the best performance against corrosion was detected with the PPy/OXA/W film synthesized at 1.0 V, 1.5 C in 0.2 mol L−1 pyrrole, 0.1 mol L−1 oxalic acid and 0.05 mol L−1 sodium tungstate solutions provide a protective effect against corrosion.
In this paper we report the results of physical–chemical and electrochemical investigations performed on ternary mixtures of the room temperature ionic liquid (IL) N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PYR14TFSI), propylene carbonate (PC), and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) as electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries. The thermal stability, ionic conductivity, viscosity and electrochemical stability windows of all considered mixtures were investigated and compared with those of electrolytes based on the pure PYR14TFSI and PC. The mixtures were also used as electrolyte in combination with LiFePO4-based electrodes. The specific capacity and cycling stability of these systems were investigated at different C-rates, both at room temperature and 60°C.
Renewable energy technologies constitute a techno-economic system that is radically different from conventional systems, in terms of density, structure, regulatory and management practices. Consequently, their incorporation into the production and management of energy has to be approached as an innovative and sustainable diffusion process of an alternative technology with system-wide consequences for the whole energy system. Here, an alternative approach is proposed, which integrates the supply- and demand-side perspectives, arguing that a successful policy for the speedy deployment of renewables should focus on the systemic innovation processes that characterize the development and sustainable diffusion of renewables. It is suggested that a strategy that focuses on selected niches should aim at the integration of the innovation dimension into a policy for renewables. Such a perspective may contribute to the growth of successful applications as well as to the development of the corresponding industry of equipment production and services, leading to the deployment of a new technological regime.
A facile way towards high rate and long lifespan anode materials based on SnO2 and commercial multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is readily achieved through a combination of activation and hydrothermal treatment. The former endows the MWCNTs with abundant hydrophilic radicals, while the latter guarantees intimate connection between SnO2 and MWCNTs; eventually, monodisperse SnO2 nanocrystals ca. 3nm are firmly anchored on the MWCNTs without agglomeration. When used for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) anodes, the hybrid composite exhibits excellent cycling capability with high reversible capacity about 700 mAh g−1 (based on total weight of the composite) for 150 cycles at 0.1 A g−1 superior to both components involved. Besides large rates of 5 A g−1 with recoverable initial reversible capacity, it also last for more than 1000 cycles with little capacity decay, outperforming most SnO2 based carbon nanotubes composites (SnO2/CNTs) so far. Insights into the electrochemical processes reveal the hybrid composite exhibits enhanced redox capacitance and interfacial capacitance in comparison with SnO2 nanocrystals which indicate the perfect interfaces and robust structure of the hybrid composite.
Adolescent obesity is markedly increasing worldwide and bariatric surgery is emerging as an effective treatment option. However, a subset of patients fails to achieve significant weight loss or show post-surgical weight regain. Efforts have been made to identify different post-surgical weight trajectories and their possible predictors. Furthermore, the role of pre-surgical intervention programs in optimizing post-surgical results has been a subject of debate.
Battery-electric-bus(BEB) is the breakthrough to promote the development of new energy vehicles. This paper aims to optimize the BEB operation mode, measure subsidies efficiency and anticipate the subsidy time to speed up the marketization of battery-electric-bus. At first, the BEB system has been abstracted and a satisfaction model with almost all the factors has been established to reflect the inter relationships. By the analysis of Hefei NO.18 bus line, a BEB demonstration line in China, we get conclusions that NO.18 bus line is suitable for Slow Charging Mode rather than Battery Leasing & Displacing Mode and the subsidy to NO.18 bus line is appropriate. Then the reliance of subsidies on battery cost is discussed. Considering the progress of battery technology and decrease of battery cost, Subsidies should be reduced appropriately over time. It is demonstrated that when the cost degrades by 60%, operators will profit even without any subsidies under the market mechanism and it is anticipated that BEB marketization will be realized in the next decade with strong and sustaining policies support from the government.
This paper reviews how aerosol exposure assessment, for people in both working and living environments, has evolved over the years. It charts the main scientific developments that led to progressively improved ways of thinking and methods to assess exposure to airborne particulate matter in a manner more relevant to human health. It has been a long scientific journey as one generation of pioneering contributors has handed off to the next. In the process a consistent rationale has emerged, producing aerosol sampling criteria – and in turn exposure standards – which have been increasingly relevant to actual human exposures. The journey continues as a new generation of scientists steps up to deal with the new challenges that are emerging. An appreciation of the history of what went before is essential to charting the most effective path looking forward.
Highly efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been regarded as the core elements in a wide range of renewable energy technologies. Surface engineering of the electrocatalysts is one of the most popular strategies to improve their catalytic activity. Herein, we, for the first time, designed an advanced bi-functional electrocatalyst for the ORR and OER by simultaneously etching and doping a cobalt sulfides–graphene hybrid with NH3-plasma. The graphene supported Co9S8 nanoparticles were prepared (denoted as Co9S8/G) first, followed by the NH3-plasma treatment, which could not only lead to nitrogen doping into both Co9S8 and graphene, but also partially etch the surface of both Co9S8 and graphene. The heteroatom doping could efficiently tune the electronic properties of Co9S8 and graphene, and the surface etching could expose more active sites for electrocatalysis, which can contribute significantly to the enhanced electrocatalytic performance for ORR and OER. The electrochemical results revealed that the etched and N-doped Co9S8/G shows excellent ORR activity, which is close to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst, and great OER activity. The strategy developed here provides a novel and efficient approach to prepare hybrid bi-functional electrocatalysts for ORR and OER.
This paper is aimed to experimentally analyse the effectiveness of a hybrid storage system, when powering a commercial vehicle for urban use. The hybrid energy storage system is composed by two ZEBRA batteries, combined with an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) module. The integration of those storage systems is obtained by means of a bidirectional DC/DC converter, which balances the electric power fluxes between batteries and super-capacitors, depending on the driving operative conditions. Modeling and simulations are preliminarily conducted with reference to the specific case study of an electric version of the Renault Master, supplied by the above described hybrid storage system. That theoretical activity allows the optimization of rule based energy management strategies for the hybrid energy storage system, in terms of the effectiveness in reducing the negative effects of high charging/discharging currents on battery durability. Then, the experimentation of the real power train, connected to the mentioned hybrid storage system, is carried out through a 1:1 laboratory test bench, able to perform the analysed energy management strategies on standard driving cycles, representative of the urban mission of the commercial vehicle under study. The obtained experimental results, expressed through electrical and mechanical parameters in a wide range of road operative conditions, show that the super-capacitors can improve the expected battery lifespan, with values of maximum effectiveness up to 52%, for driving patterns without negative road slopes. The procedure followed and presented in this paper definitely demonstrates the good performance of the evaluated hybrid storage system, controlled by the DC/DC power converter, to reduce the negative consequences of the power peaks associated with the urban use of commercial vehicles.
The prevalence of ocular lesions due to onchocerciasis was evaluated among residents of the Yanomami Tribe, in the northern Amazon, Brazil, an endemic area for onchocerciasis. 83 natives were submitted to an ocular examination including an external examination, biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure measurement, and a fundus examination. Clinical, parasitological and serological tests were carried out simultaneously. The population demonstrated a high prevalence of eosinophilia, skin microfilaria (55%) and onchocercal subcutaneous nodules (35%). A high prevalence of probable onchocerciasis related eye lesions was detected. Punctate keratitis (41%) and microfilaria in the anterior chamber (39%) were found as well as other probable onchocercotic lesions—chorioretinitis (7.2%) and anterior uveitis (6.0%). Other anterior eye lesions (corneal leucomas, conjunctival injection, lid nodules) occurred in 51% of the individuals. The anterior eye lesions were more prevalent than the posterior lesions. We did not find an association of glaucoma with onchocerciasis. The prevalence of these suggestive ocular lesions strongly correlates with the cutaneous nodules and eosinophilia, suggesting that skin nodules may be an indication for an eye examination. The present study provides evidence that significant infection and eye disease due to onchocerciasis persists in certain regions of Northern South America.
Molecular hydrogen, a valuable clean energy fuel and industrial feedstock, is commonly produced by steam reforming of fossil fuels, a process that results in the co-generation of CO2. Strategies that produce H2 without CO2 emissions focus on water-splitting powered by solar or wind energy. Here, we introduce a new approach in which energy derived from the oxidation of waste organic matter is used to subsidize the electrical energy consumed by electrochemical H2 generation. The primary gas product is H2, with minimal O2 contamination, avoiding the purification step required for conventional water electrolysis. The energy efficiency (i.e., energy from H2 combustion ÷ input electrical energy × 100%) ranges from 214% to 304%. We also demonstrate a sustained cycling operation with concomitant treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater. These findings open the door to recovery of H2 from other dilute reservoirs of organic matter, such as marine sediment.
Advanced operando spectroscopic techniques monitor real-time changes in crystal structure, oxidation state, coordination environments, and chemical evolution of Na-ion host anodes during charge-discharge cycles. Operando spectroscopy techniques include Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray adsorption fine structure, X-ray absorption near edge and extended X-ray absorption ﬁne structure, which provide outstanding scientific understanding of anodes for the next generation of Na-ion batteries. This review systematically summarizes intercalation, alloying, and conversion anodes investigated through operando spectroscopy techniques. These have generated a profound and fundamental understanding of diverse phenomena occurring on the active material surface and/or bulk during the electrochemical reaction conditions, such as phase transitions, side reactions, lattice parameter changes, and molecular scale structure-reactivity relationships.
At the Centre for Fuel Cell Technology (Zentrum für BrennstoffzellenTechnik/ZBT GmbH) in Duisburg/Germany a 300W fuel cell system of liquid gas-powered operation is currently being developed with focus on leisure boats. An excellent infrastructure in the domain of recreational activities is available for this fuel and users are familiar with the safe handling of liquid gas. On sailing yachts the consumption of electrical power is very restricted during long cruises because of low battery capacities. In this case an additional power supply based on the noiseless fuel cell technology promises an essential comfort increase without disturbing emissions. ZBT's engineers combined their experience in system simulation, reactor design for the gas process and fuel cell technology with the aim of developing a user friendly fuel cell product.
Magnesium ferrite nanoparticles are prepared by a sol–gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical behavior as anode materials of lithium-ion rechargeable batteries is investigated by galvanostatic discharge/charge measurements and cyclic voltammetry. The average diameter of the MgFe2O4 particles is around 11nm. MgFe2O4 shows better performance than the traditional carbon material. The initial discharge specific capacity under the current density of 180mAg−1 reaches 1404mAhg−1, which is higher than that reported in literatures. After 50 cycles, the discharge and charge capacity of the MgFe2O4 under 90mAg−1 is 493 and 473.6mAhg−1, and the irreversible capacity loss is less than 5.2%.
Parapneumonic pleural effusions (PPE) and pleural empyema (PE) present a frequently diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. Although pleural diseases have received increased attention during the past decade, there are still many unanswered questions concerning the diagnosis and treatment of PPE and PE. A lack of controlled studies concerning the management of PPE and PE was noted in recent guidelines. The use of fibrinolytics intrapleurally appears to enhance intercostals tube drainage, reducing the requirement for subsequent surgical mechanical debridement. Recently, there has been interest in other intrapleural agents including combination drugs consisting of streptokinase and streptodornase-α, Dnase. Factors to be considered in evaluating whether or not intrapleural instillation of fibrinolytics is effective include an assessment of clinical responses. This review discusses the use of fibrinolytic agents as a novel therapeutic options for treating the various stages of parapneumonic effusions and empyemas.
Advancement of medical imaging in health care sector emerges new challenge of secure image transmission. Security of medical imaging is a prominent issue to keep patients information safe. In this paper an efficient and secure biomedical image encryption algorithm is proposed with two phases of encryption. In the first phase the image has to undergone a random substitution of 20 Amino Acid based Codon with one or more than alternate Codon in the form of triplets using the base DNA code (A, T, C and G) using Linear Congruential Generator. Upshot of the first phase encrypted image is divided into blocks and a logistic map is used to generate a series of unique initial condition and control parameter. Using a random ASCII character as a seed the unique initial conditions for each block is generating some Pseudo Random Number Generator. The seed is encrypted using RSA. Each block is circularly shifted using unique PRNG. These unique initial conditions and control parameters are utilized by a series of Tent Maps to perform block by block confusion in the second phase encryption using XOR operation. Keys used in both the phases are encrypted using AES technique. Proposed method is used to encrypt any biomedical and other images also. All type of security measure such as Differential attack, key space analysis to resist Brute force attack, Correlation analysis, key sensitivity test, resistance to Noise attack and plain text attack along with time analysis has been taken into consideration to test the vulnerability of the proposed algorithm. From the comparative study the proposed method outperform in many aspects than the existing methods.
The recent, rapid progress in the development of direct borohydride fuel cells is reviewed. Electrochemical reactions are considered together with the importance of operating parameters on cell performance. The advances in technology necessary for a widespread testing and more application of borohydride fuel cells are highlighted. A comparison of borohydride and methanol fuel cells shows that both system exhibit similar cell voltages, current and power densities despite that methanol cells operate at higher temperatures. The results are encouraging although more research is necessary, particularly in the synthesis of new electrocatalysts for borohydride oxidation.
The electrical properties of solvent-free, PEO–LiTFSI solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), incorporating different N-alkyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, PYR1ATFSI, ionic liquids (ILs), are reported. For this purpose, PYR1ATFSI materials containing side alkyl groups with different chain-length and branching, i.e., n-propyl, sec-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl and n-pentyl, were properly synthesized and homogeneously incorporated into the SPE samples without phase separation. The addition of ILs to PEO–LiTFSI electrolytes results in a large increase of the conductivity and in a decrease of the interfacial resistance with the lithium metal anode. Most of the PEO–LiTFSI–PYR1ATFSI samples showed similar ionic conductivities (>10−4 Scm−1 at 20°C) and stable interfacial resistance values (400Ωcm2 at 40°C and 3000Ωcm2 at 20°C) upon several months of storage. Preliminary battery tests have shown that Li/P(EO)10LiTFSI+0.96PYR1ATFSI/LiFePO4 solid-state cells are capable to deliver a capacity of 125mAhg−1 and 100mAhg−1 at 30°C and 25°C, respectively.
Humans can follow different social learning strategies, sometimes oriented toward the models’ characteristics (i.e., who-strategies). The goal of the present study was to explore which who-strategy is preferentially followed in the technological context based on the models’ psychological characteristics. We identified three potential who-strategies: Copy the pedagogue (a model with high theory-of-mind skills), copy the engineer (a model with high technical-reasoning skills), and copy the friend (a model with high level of prosocialness). We developed a closed-group micro-society paradigm in which participants had to build the highest possible towers. Participants began with an individual building phase. Then, they were gathered to discuss the best solutions to increase tower height. After this discussion phase, they had to make a new building attempt, followed by another discussion phase, and so forth for a total of six building phases and five discussion rounds. This methodology allowed us to create an attraction score for each participant (the more an individual was copied in a group, the greater the attraction score). We also assessed participants’ theory-of-mind skills, technical-reasoning skills, and prosocialness to predict participants’ attraction scores based on these measures. Results show that we learn from engineers (high technical-reasoning skills) because they are the most successful. Their attraction power is not immediate, but after they have been identified as attractors, their technique is copied irrespective of their pedagogy (theory-of-mind skills) or friendliness (prosocialness). These findings open avenues for the study of the cognitive bases of human technological culture.
In this contribution, a novel type of piezoelectric tubular energy harvester based on fluctuating fluid pressure is investigated. Analytic model of the proposed energy harvester is built under the assumption of axisymmetric radial vibration. Exact solution of the piezoelectric vibrating tube is obtained with its output performances formulated. A series of numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the influences of geometrical parameters, input mechanical load parameters and output electrical load parameters upon the output performances of the proposed piezoelectric tubular energy harvester. The model and simulation results indicate the potential of the proposed piezoelectric tubular energy harvester. It is expected that the energy harvester be useful in powering wireless sensor network for the health monitoring of hydraulic systems, where fluid conveying pipe vibration is omnipresent.
Mosaic-structured SnO2@C microspheres with hierarchical porosity were designed and synthesized via an ethanol-thermal carbonization and steam activation method. SnO2 nanoparticles were embedded uniformly within the porous carbon microspheres. These SnO2@C porous microspheres have been characterized by XRD, FESEM, TEM, XPS and tested as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors. The SnO2 nanoparticles were embedded within the hierarchically porous carbon microspheres, and thus the conductivity and stability was improved. Furthermore, the channel of porous carbon microspheres make the electrolyte fully contacts with SnO2 nanoparticles, hence the as-prepared SnO2@C porous microspheres possess the characteristic of pseudocapacitors and ECDLs. In addition, uniformly spherical SnO2@C particles possess the enhanced volumetric density of the electrode materials make the further charge storage in supercapacitor. Experimental results show that the SnO2@C microspheres exhibit a super speciﬁc capacitance up to 420 F g−1 in galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements and high energy density of 34.2 Wh kg−1, it also possess a good conductivity as well as electro-cycling stability.