batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
Externalizing symptoms, such as aggression, impulsivity, and inattention, represent the most common forms of childhood maladjustment (Campbell et al. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 467–488, 2000). Several dimensions of parenting behavior, including overreactive and warm parenting, have been linked to children’s conduct problems. However, the majority of these studies involve biologically-related family members, thereby limiting understanding of the role of genetic and/or environmental underpinnings of parenting on child psychopathology. This study extends previous research by exploring associations between overreactive and warm parenting during toddlerhood and school-age externalizing problems, as well as the potential moderating effects of child effortful control (EC) on such associations using a longitudinal adoption design. The sample consisted of 225 adoption-linked families (adoptive parents, adopted child [124 male and 101 female] and birth parent[s]), thereby allowing for a more precise estimate of environmental influences on the association between parenting and child externalizing problems. Adoptive mothers’ warm parenting at 27 months predicted lower levels of child externalizing problems at ages 6 and 7. Child EC moderated this association in relation to teacher reports of school-age externalizing problems. Findings corroborate prior research with biological families that was not designed to unpack genetic and environmental influences on associations between parenting and child externalizing problems during childhood, highlighting the important role of parental warmth as an environmental influence.
An extensive test has been conducted on a lithium-ion (Li-ion) cell under a variety of cycling conditions in order to evaluate factors that affect its cycle-life. The study is performed on a 900-mAh wound prismatic cell with contains a LiCoO2 positive electrode (cathode) and a synthetic graphite negative electrode (anode). Cycle-life is greatly influenced by the charge conditions, but is relatively insensitive to the discharge conditions. High charge cut-off voltages and a long float-charge period at 4.2V or above have the most severe effects on cycle-life. Another damaging condition is high charge rates above the 1C rate, but reduction in the depth-of-discharge does not improve the cycle-life unlike the situation with other rechargeable batteries such as alkaline and lead–acid batteries. The dependence of the degradation rate on the charge voltage and the period of high charge voltage suggests that an electrochemical oxidation may be the cause.
Research on PI 3-kinase (PI3K) is undergoing significant shifts in emphasis. Questions that have been dormant for some time are coming to the forefront, such as the relationship of PTEN to PI3K and the role of AKT in PI3K-driven oncogenesis. Two non-alpha isoforms of Class I PI3K are now established as important determinants in cancer: p110β and p110δ. The oncogenic activities of p110β include a non-catalytic function, a finding that will have immediate consequences for drug development.
We observe two deficiencies of current query processing and scheduling techniques for sensor networks: (1) A query execution plan does not adapt to the hardware characteristics of sensing devices; and (2) the data communication schedule of each node is not adapted to the query runtime workload. Both cause time and energy waste in query processing in sensor networks. To address this problem, we propose an adaptive holistic scheduler, AHS, to run on each node in a wireless sensor network. AHS schedules both the query evaluation and the wireless communication operations, and is able to adapt the schedule to the runtime dynamics of these operations on each node. We have implemented AHS and tested it on real motes as well as in simulation. Our results show that AHS improves the performance of query processing in various dynamic settings.
An interface ionic transfer detection method called the Doppler broadening S parameter of positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) is used to study polysiloxane solid electrolytes with ethylene oxide (EO) side chains and carbonate liquid electrolytes. First, the solid polymer electrolytes are modified to enhance contact with an acrylate, and an increase in the lengths of the EO chains is shown to decrease the resistance of the transition interface layer on a pristine electrode surface. Second, a study of ionic transfer on the electrode surface after electrochemical reactions showed that the solid polymer electrolytes have a greater effect on the interface transition layers than the carbonate liquid electrolytes. In addition, the detection technique revealed a continuous-phase interface containing a chemical membrane formed from carbonate liquid electrolytes by electrochemical reactions; the ionic transfer enhancement due to this membrane is examined by this new detecting methodology.
Portable and furnished electronics appliances demand power efficient energy storage devices where electrochemical supercapacitors gain much more attention. In this concern, a simple, low-cost and industry scalable successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) approach has been adopted to deposit nanostructured VS2 onto flexible and light-weight stainless steel (SS) substrate towards supercapacitor application. The nanocrystalline nature with hexagonal crystal structure has been confirmed for VS2 through structural analysis. The VS2 electrode exhibits a maximum specific capacitance of 349 F g−1 with a super stable behavior in three-electrode liquid-state configuration. Fabricated flexible symmetric solid-state supercapacitor (FSSC) device using gel electrolyte yields specific power of 1.5 kW kg−1 (specific energy of 25.9 Wh kg−1) with a widen voltage window of 1.6 V. A red LED has been glown for 30 s using the system consisted of two devices in series combination. Furthermore, the system glows a combination of 21 red LEDs network with acronym ‘VNIT’, demonstrating commercial exposure. The attribution of device demonstration even under mechanical stress holds great promise towards advanced flexible electronics application.
The complexity and expense of manufacturing all-solid-state batteries have long hindered the development of large-scale all-solid-state batteries for transportation and grid storage applications. Key issues include electrolyte-electrode interfacial resistance, air and moisture stability, and mass production capabilities. In this work, we propose a new battery manufacturing method which overcomes the challenges in interfacial resistance and scalability by using synchronized electrospinning and electrospraying. This method enables layer-by-layer depositing of cathode, solid-state electrolyte, and anode layers directly on top of one another. Herein, a LiFePO4 cathode and a Tin (Sn) anode have been selected to create for the first time a proof of concept all-solid-state lithium-ion battery in a full-cell configuration by using the synchronized electrospinning and electrospraying technique. This electrospinning and electrospraying synchronized technique created a poly(ethylene oxide)-based electrolyte, which demonstrates a conductivity of ∼1⋅10−5 at room temperature and ∼1⋅10−3 S cm−1 at 60 °C. Using the air-stable electrolyte and electrode materials, the synchronized electrospinning and electrospraying technique enables manufacturing of all-solid-state batteries in an ambient environment with reversible electrodes outlined in this work. Furthermore, the approach could ensure a straightforward transition to a roll-to-roll process and incorporate a wide range of materials for future large-scale manufacturing.
Infertility can have a powerful impact on marital quality. The Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) is a widely used measure of marital quality. This scale has not been validated in infertile patients. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the RDAS in a sample of infertile patients.
A lightweight modular rosette system has been developed that can be launched and recovered from aircraft in ice-covered waters through a 12in. diameter hole in the ice. The small diameter is achieved by the modular design, in which a CTD module is attached to the end of a conducting cable and water bottle modules (four 4-L bottles per module) are positioned vertically above it. A novel tripping mechanism based on melting a link of monofilament line is used to close the water bottles at the desired depths. After launching the rosette, the cast proceeds like a normal rosette cast with the traces of temperature, salinity, oxygen and other desired sensors being displayed on a computer screen during the down and up casts and tripping the bottles electronically at the desired depths on the up cast. A Seabird 19+ CTD and Seabird 43 oxygen sensor are mounted in the CTD module and data acquisition and bottle tripping are controlled using a Seabird 33 deck unit and Seabird's SeaSave software run on a laptop computer. Deployment and recovery are done in a heated tent attached to the aircraft to prevent the water from freezing. After recovery the bottle modules are placed in coolers with bags of snow to stabilize the cooler temperature close to 0°C, which is within ±1.8°C of the in situ temperature, and the modules are transported back to a base camp for subsampling and sample processing. This system has been used to collect over 250 water samples in the ice-covered Lincoln Sea and the quality of the samples for dissolved gases and other constituents has been excellent.
Carbon materials are considered to be one of the most promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but the well-ordered graphitic structure limits the intercalation of sodium ions. Besides, the sluggish intercalation kinetics of sodium ions impedes the rate performance. Thus, the precise structure control of carbon materials is important to improve the battery performance. Herein, a 3D porous hard-soft composite carbon (3DHSC) was prepared using the NaCl as the template and phenolic resin and pitch as carbon precursors. The NaCl template restrains the growth of the graphite crystallite during the carbonization process, resulting in small graphitic domains with expanded interlayer spacing which is favorable for the sodium storage. Moreover, the NaCl templates help to create abundant mesopores and macropores for fast sodium ion diffusion. The porous structure and the graphite crystalline structure can be precisely controlled by simply adjusting the mass ratio of NaCl, and thus, the suitable structure can be prepared to reach high capacity and rate performance while keeping a relatively high Coulombic efficiency. Typically, a high reversible capacity (215 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1), an excellent rate capability (97 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1), and a high initial Coulombic efficiency (60%) are achieved.
This paper provides a multi-disciplinary overview of the research issues and achievements in the field of Big Data and its visualization techniques and tools. The main aim is to summarize challenges in visualization methods for existing Big Data, as well as to offer novel solutions for issues related to the current state of Big Data Visualization. This paper provides a classification of existing data types, analytical methods, visualization techniques and tools, with a particular emphasis placed on surveying the evolution of visualization methodology over the past years. Based on the results, we reveal disadvantages of existing visualization methods. Despite the technological development of the modern world, human involvement (interaction), judgment and logical thinking are necessary while working with Big Data. Therefore, the role of human perceptional limitations involving large amounts of information is evaluated. Based on the results, a non-traditional approach is proposed: we discuss how the capabilities of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality could be applied to the field of Big Data Visualization. We discuss the promising utility of Mixed Reality technology integration with applications in Big Data Visualization. Placing the most essential data in the central area of the human visual field in Mixed Reality would allow one to obtain the presented information in a short period of time without significant data losses due to human perceptual issues. Furthermore, we discuss the impacts of new technologies, such as Virtual Reality displays and Augmented Reality helmets on the Big Data visualization as well as to the classification of the main challenges of integrating the technology.
The electrochemical properties of BiOF-coated 5V spinel Li[Ni0.5Mn1.5]O4 were investigated at elevated temperatures (55°C). As observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, BiOF nanolayers with ∼10nm thickness were coated on the surface of Li[Ni0.5Mn1.5]O4. The BiOF coating layer protected the surface of the active materials from HF generated by the decomposition of LiPF6 in the electrolyte during electrochemical cycling. The dissolution of transition metal elements was also suppressed upon cycling. Therefore, the capacity retention of the BiOF-coated Li[Ni0.5Mn1.5]O4 was obviously improved compared to the pristine Li[Ni0.5Mn1.5]O4 at 55°C.
Monitoring of the moisture and temperature of composting process is a key factor to obtain a quality product beyond the quality of raw materials. Current methodologies for monitoring these two parameters are time consuming for workers, sometimes not sufficiently reliable to help decision-making and thus are ignored in some cases. This article describes an advance on monitoring of composting process through a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that allows measurement of temperature and moisture in real time in multiple points of the composting material, the Compo-ball system. To implement such measurement capabilities on-line, a WSN composed of multiple sensor nodes was designed and implemented to provide the staff with an efficient monitoring composting management tool. After framing the problem, the objectives and characteristics of the WSN are briefly discussed and a short description of the hardware and software of the network’s components are presented. Presentation and discussion of practical issues and results obtained with the WSN during a demonstration stage that took place in several composting sites concludes the paper.
The history of soluble lead flow batteries is concisely reviewed and recent developments are highlighted. The development of a practical, undivided cell is considered. An in-house, monopolar unit cell (geometrical electrode area 100 cm2) and an FM01-LC bipolar (2 × 64 cm2) flow cell are used. Porous, three-dimensional, reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) and planar, carbon-HDPE composite electrodes have been used in laboratory flow cells. The performance of such cells under constant current density (10–160 mA cm−2) cycling is examined using a controlled flow rate (mean linear flow velocity <14 cm s-1) at a temperature of approximately 298 K. Voltage versus time and voltage versus current density relationships are considered. High charge (<90%), voltage (<80%) and energy (<70%) efficiencies are possible. Possible failure modes encountered during early scale-up from a small, laboratory flow cell to larger, pilot-scale cells are discussed.
This Perspective reviews stretchable, elastic materials and devices of use for the conversion of solar energy. Stretchable and extremely flexible photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical cells would be useful as, for example, power sources for rugged and collapsible electronic and biomedical devices, foldable, weather-resistant solar roofs for applications in the field, and conformable solar panels for one-time bonding to the curved surfaces of buildings and vehicles. The review discusses elastic substrates, semiconductors, and electrodes. It then describes examples of whole devices comprising these elastic components. The Perspective tends to emphasize materials of interest for excitonic solar cells—e.g., organic solar cells, those based on semiconductor nanocrystals, and dye sensitized solar cells—because of their potential for stretchability and extreme flexibility, but also discusses crystalline photovoltaic devices and nanostructured photoelectrochemical cells.
The concept of integration of distributed energy resources for formation of microgrid will be most significant in near future. The latest research and development in the field of microgrid as a promising power system through a comprehensive literature review is presented in this paper. It shows a broad overview on the worldwide research trend on microgrid which is most significant topic at present. This literature survey reveals that integration of distributed energy resources, operation, control, power quality issues and stability of microgrid system should be explored to implement microgrid successfully in real power scenario.
Non-academic characteristics and traits, such as academic self-efficacy and conscientiousness, have maintained the interest of higher education researchers for decades. A considerable amount of research has found that these non-cognitive variables (NCVs) are generally predictive of undergraduate success. However, most prior studies have focused on the use of NCVs in 4-year colleges, and understanding if and how these measures predict the academic trajectories of community college students has received less attention. As past work has indicated that NCVs are differentially predictive for students from different backgrounds, such an examination is needed. Drawing on data from two diverse community colleges, our study addresses this need by exploring if seven popular NCVs predict both short and longer-term student outcomes, how these measures are related to help-seeking behaviors, and their utility in identifying students at risk of serious academic failures. We find statistically significant relationships between NCVs and GPA outcomes but conclude that their practical utility appears trivial.
The accurate monitoring of battery cell temperature is indispensible to the design of battery thermal management system. To obtain the internal temperature of a battery cell online, an adaptive temperature estimation method based on Kalman filtering and an equivalent time-variant electrical network thermal (EENT) model is proposed. The EENT model uses electrical components to simulate the battery thermodynamics, and the model parameters are obtained with a least square algorithm. With a discrete state-space description of the EENT model, a Kalman filtering (KF) based internal temperature estimator is developed. Moreover, considering the possible time-varying external heat exchange coefficient, a joint Kalman filtering (JKF) based estimator is designed to simultaneously estimate the internal temperature and the external thermal resistance. Several experiments using the hard-cased LiFePO4 cells with embedded temperature sensors have been conducted to validate the proposed method. Validation results show that, the EENT model expresses the battery thermodynamics well, the KF based temperature estimator tracks the real central temperature accurately even with a poor initialization, and the JKF based estimator can simultaneously estimate both central temperature and external thermal resistance precisely. The maximum estimation errors of the KF- and JKF-based estimators are less than 1.8 °C and 1 °C respectively.
Electrochemical performances of LiCoO2 as a candidate material for supercapacitor are systematically investigated. LiCoO2 nanomaterials are synthesized via hydrothermal reaction with consequent calcination process. And the particle size increases as the calcination temperature rises. LCO-650 sample with the largest particle size displays the maximum capacitances of 817.5 F·g−1 with the most outstanding capacity retention rate of 96.8% after 2000 cycles. It is shown that large particle size is beneficial to the electrochemical and structural stability of LiCoO2 materials. We speculate that the micron-sized waste LiCoO2 materials have great potential for supercapacitor application. It may provide a novel recovered approach for spent LIBs and effectively relieve the burdens on the resource waste and environment pollution.
Multi-cell, penalty minimizing discharging schemes were developed based on experimental data and high-level models in attempt to optimize discharge capacity and cycle life based on an unspecified optimal load current. Degradation due to high discharge current is well known, but the degradation behavior of the cell at low discharge current has not been thoroughly studied. To facilitate the implementation of the penalty method in multi-cell controllers, a physics-based pseudo-2D lithium ion model is used to investigate the degradation effects at low discharge current. The results of the model show that the optimal current, depending on the application, is not necessarily constant, but instead shows a 2-stage decrease within each discharge cycle. The optimal current also decreases as the cycle number increases.
Gelified electrolytes have been realized by the photopolymerization of tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TEG) or 1,3-butanediol diacrylate (BDD). The plasticizer is 2-methoxyethylether (DG) and the conductivity is obtained by the addition of lithium trifluoromethane sulfonate (LiTF). As carboxylate groups of BDD have less solvating power for Li+ ions than the ether groups of DG, the conductivity of the BDD/DG gel is dependent on the conductivity of the interstitial liquid phase only. In TEG/DG gel electrolytes, a competitive solvation for Li+ ions exists between the ether sites of TEG and DG, leading to a decrease of ionic mobilities and conductivities. A dynamical theoretical model is proposed to discuss the experimental results.
A conducting SnO2–polypyrrole composite material was prepared by a chemical polymerization method. Nanosize conducting polypyrrole particles were uniformly coated onto the surface of the SnO2 powder. The composite demonstrated significantly improved capacity and cycle durability compared with the bare SnO2 electrode.
Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are expected to balance the fluctuation of renewable energy sources (RES). To investigate the contribution of PEVs, the availability of mobile battery storage and the control mechanism for load management are crucial. This study therefore combined the following: a stochastic model to determine mobility behavior, an optimization model to minimize vehicle charging costs and an agent-based electricity market equilibrium model to estimate variable electricity prices. The variable electricity prices are calculated based on marginal generation costs. Hence, because of the merit order effect, the electricity prices provide incentives to consume electricity when the supply of renewable generation is high. Depending on the price signals and mobility behavior, PEVs calculate a cost minimizing charging schedule and therefore balance the fluctuation of RES. The analysis shows that it is possible to limit the peak load using the applied control mechanism. The contribution of PEVs to improving the integration of intermittent renewable power generation into the grid depends on the characteristic of the RES generation profile. For the German 2030 scenario used here, the negative residual load was reduced by 15–22% and the additional consumption of negative residual load was between 34 and 52%.