batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
This review focuses on the use of renewable ammonia for power generation applications and discusses options to convert industrial-grade generators to run on ammonia fuel. The different methods to produce clean ammonia are also discussed in terms of possible advantages and challenges from socio-economic, energetic and environmental perspectives. The main aim of using clean fuel sources, such as ammonia and hydrogen, is to achieve higher sustainability and low carbon emissions compared to conventional fuels. In addition, the present review comparatively assesses and discusses methods for clean ammonia synthesis based on their technical, economic and environmental performance criteria. Numerous potential strategies to improve the clean ammonia production methods are also explored, namely, liquid-electrolyte based systems, composite-membrane based systems, solid-state electrolyte, ceramic/inorganic proton-conducting solid electrolyte based systems, polymer-membrane based systems, O2 conducting-membrane based systems, and molten salt based electrochemical systems. Furthermore, some potential methods to convert various types of commercially available generators to be able to ammonia are proposed and discussed based on the experimental work carried out in the field.
We have presented a comprehensive study of using chemical dealloying methods to control the morphology of nanoporous-antimony (NP-Sb) and the size of Sb particles. For the first time, depending on the regulation of the Al–Sb alloy composition, coral-like NP-Sb (NP-Sb70), honeycomb-like NP-Sb (NP-Sb80) and Sb particles (Sb10, Sb30 and Sb45) with different sizes were prepared through chemical dealloying of Al30Sb70, Al20Sb80, Al90Sb10, Al70Sb30 and Al55Sb45 (at%) alloy ribbon precursors respectively, a top-down process. The NP-Sb70 delivered a high capacity of 573.8 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles at a rate of 100 mA g−1 with good rate capability as anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The excellent electrochemical performance is because of its innovative electrode design, which ensures strong structural integrity, high sodium ion accessibility, and fast electrode transport. This scalable strategy shall pave the way for the mass production of large-capacity electrodes for SIBs and other energy storage systems, providing new guidelines for the optimization of the synthesis of nanostructures.
The use of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) has increased in the last decade. Major complications have been well described, but there is no data on device alarms and actual or threatening malfunction which impair quality of life and may impair outcomes. This study describes the technical problems related to the use of the HVAD® left ventricular assist device in a single center.
The active materials in commercial Li-ion batteries are usually graphitized carbons for the negative electrode and LiCoO2 for the positive electrode. However, there is strong interest in alternative negative electrode materials with higher reversible capacity. The discussion in this paper is directed at analyzing the electrochemical performance of negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries. The physicochemical properties and the electrochemical performance of active materials in the negative electrodes are intimately connected, therefore both parameters are considered in selecting an alternative material to graphite. An analysis of this relationship is discussed in this paper.
Mixed reality (MR) is a cutting-edge technology at the forefront of many new applications in the tourism and cultural heritage sector. This study aims to reshape the museum experience by creating a highly engaging and immersive museum experience for visitors combing real-time visual, audio information and computer-generated images with museum artefacts and customer displays. This research introduces a theoretical framework that assesses the potential of MR guidance system in usefulness, ease of use, enjoyment, interactivity, touring and future applications. The evaluation introduces the MuseumEye MR application in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo using mixed method surveys and a sample of 171 participants. The results of the questionnaire highlighted the importance of the mediating the role of the tour guide in enhancing the relationship between perceived usefulness, ease of use, multimedia, UI design, interactivity and the intention of use. Furthermore, the results of this study revealed the potential future use of MR in museums and ensured sustainability and engagement past the traditional visitor museum experience, which heightens the economic state of museums and cultural heritage sectors.
As populations shift to include a larger proportion of older adults, the necessity of research targeting older populations is becoming increasingly apparent. Dietary interventions with blueberry have been associated with positive outcomes in cell and rodent models of aging. We hypothesized that dietary blueberry would improve mobility and cognition among older adults.
The electrodeposition of Mo x Re1−x O y films (0.6≤ x ≤1) on indium-tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates from acidic peroxo-polymolybdo-perrhenate solutions is described. Trends in film growth were established as a function of potential from +0.4V to −0.7V vs Ag/AgCl by analyzing the composition and stoichiometry of the deposit using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These experiments show that the concentration of rhenium increases linearly with the deposition potential and that the deposits are mixed-valent containing up to five different metal oxidation states (i.e., MoIV, MoV, MoVI, Re0, ReIV). Electroanalytical techniques were used to explore the deposition mechanism, including chronocoulometry, cyclic voltammetry, spectroelectrochemistry, and electrochemical quartz crystal nanogravimetry (EQCN). At potentials positive to −0.26V, perrhenate (ReVIIO4 −) behaves as a redox mediator to accelerate the deposition of a mixed-valent molybdenum oxide, but at more negative potentials mixed molybdenum–rhenium oxides are produced.
Ordered porous Si@C nanorods as anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries were prepared via two-step approaches, including magnesiothermic reduction of well-ordered hexagonal mesoporous silica (SBA-15) and impregnating of carbon precursor into the mesoporous Si followed by carbonization. The obtained porous Si@C nanorods demonstrate a reversible specific capacity approaching 627mAhg−1 after 220 cycles at a rate of 100mAg−1 as well as improved cycling stability and excellent rate capacity. The improved electrochemical performance can be attributed to the fact that the porous interwoven structure of conductive carbon and Si composite can efficiently suppress the volume effect of the Si particles and increase the electronic conductivity. The porous Si@C nanorods exhibit a great potential as anode materials in lithium ion batteries.
The electrochemical behaviour of cerium with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (Ce(IV)–EDTA), ethylenediamine disuccinate (Ce(IV)–EDDS), nitrilotriacetic acid (Ce(IV)–NTA) and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Ce(IV)–DTPA on a platinum electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for redox flow batteries (RFB) application. The EIS results confirm the results from CV and were in good agreement with obtained data. Ce(IV)–DTPA results show the least resistance and faster electron transfer compared to Ce(IV)–EDTA, Ce(IV)–EDDS, Ce(IV)–NTA. The diffusion coefficient of 1.1×10−6 cm2 s−1, rate constant of 1.6×10−4 cms−1, electrolyte resistance of 1.2Ω were obtained. A single cell charge/discharge performance of Ce(IV)–DTPA shows as promise for possible application in RFB systems, because of the higher energy and voltage achieved. Therefore, Ce(IV)–DTPA will be a suitable RFB electrolyte compared to Ce(IV), Ce(IV)–EDTA, Ce(IV)–EDDS and Ce(IV)–NTA due to most favoured reversibility and electrochemical properties.
Mesoporous carbon (MC) materials with large pore volume and high surface area have been synthesized as the conductive matrix in the sulfur cathode for the lithium sulfur (Li/S) batteries using a simultaneous templating and carbonization method. The magnesium citrate is used as the precursor of the carbon and provides nanometer sized MgO particles template. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WA-XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and N2 sorption analysis show that the resultant carbon material possesses mesopores structure (about 6.5nm), high surface area (1432 m2 g−1), and large pore volumes (2.894 cm3 g−1) after pyrolysis (1000°C). Elemental maps confirm that sulfur is homogeneously dispersed in the MC framework after encapsulation. Electrochemical measurements performed on this mesoporous carbon used as an electrode material for Li/S batteries show excellent discharge capacity (1083.6 mAh g−1) at current density 200mAg−1. The mesopores with large volume and high surface area are crucial in loading insulated sulfur, which provide enough space and good conducting networks for active materials. Meanwhile, mesoporous structure with high adsorption capacity can both effectively accommodate the polysulfide anions and improve the electrochemical performance of Li/S batteries.
This paper analyzed the potential implementation of hybrid photovoltaic (PV)/wind turbine/diesel system in southern city of Malaysia, Johor Bahru. HOMER (hybrid optimization model for electric renewable) simulation software was used to determine the technical feasibility of the system and to perform the economical analysis of the system. There were seven different system configurations, namely stand-alone diesel system, hybrid PV–diesel system with and without battery storage element, hybrid wind–diesel system with and without battery storage element, PV–wind–diesel system with and without storage element, will be studied and analyzed. The simulations will be focused on the net present costs, cost of energy, excess electricity produced and the reduction of CO2 emission for the given hybrid configurations. At the end of this paper, PV–diesel system with battery storage element, PV–wind–diesel system with battery storage element and the stand-alone diesel system were analyzed based on high price of diesel.
The paper presents a computationally efficient method for solving the time dependent diffusion equation in a granule of the Li-ion battery's granular solid electrode. The method, called Discrete Temporal Convolution method (DTC), is based on a discrete temporal convolution of the analytical solution of the step function boundary value problem. This approach enables modelling concentration distribution in the granular particles for arbitrary time dependent exchange fluxes that do not need to be known a priori. It is demonstrated in the paper that the proposed method features faster computational times than finite volume/difference methods and Padé approximation at the same accuracy of the results. It is also demonstrated that all three addressed methods feature higher accuracy compared to the quasi-steady polynomial approaches when applied to simulate the current densities variations typical for mobile/automotive applications. The proposed approach can thus be considered as one of the key innovative methods enabling real-time capability of the multi particle electrochemical battery models featuring spatial and temporal resolved particle concentration profiles.
Lithium–nickel–manganese-oxide was coated using sputtering equipment on spinel LiMn2O4 cathode electrodes prepared by a conventional tape-casting method. Surface modification of the electrodes was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy and field-emission electron-probe microanalysis. Electrochemical evaluations were performed in constant current mode and the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique revealed that surface coating improved the rate capability of electrode in lithium cells. The surface-modified electrode exhibited better capacity retention and suppressed the impedance increase during the storage test at 60°C in a fully charged state as compared to the bare electrode. Also, the lithium–nickel–manganese-oxide deposition improves the thermal stability of electrodes as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry.
Utilizing graphene-based hybrid papers or films as multifunctional electrodes has become the focus of clean energy devices due to the beneficial combination of their excellent electrical properties and multiple functions. However, limited attention has been paid to such hybrid papers with both outstanding mechanical and electrochemical properties. Recently, we fabricate rationally designed TiO2-B nanofibrils reinforced graphene paper, which can achieve high mechanical strength (88.5 MPa) without sacrificing their electrochemical properties. They further deliver capacities of 231 mAh g−1 (408.9 mAh cm−3) for Li-ion electrode and 201 mAh g−1 (355.8 mAh cm−3) for Na-ion electrode respectively at the same current density of 33.5 mA g−1. The outstanding mechanical stability of as-prepared hybrid electrode is demonstrated with a prototype of a bendable Li-ion capacitor. Besides, the as-prepared electrodes also reveal great potential to serve as light weight and ultrathin electromagnetic interference shielding materials. Single layer of hybrid paper exhibits a shielding effectiveness of over 10 dB (corresponding ∼90% shielding). These results prove that TiO2-B nanofibrils reinforced graphene paper can serve as a multifunctional flexible electrode for diverse applications. Moreover, this work also demonstrates a novel strategy on how to enhance mechanical properties for those flexible electrodes.
The latest studies have adopted software technology which turns the Wii Remote Controller into a high-performance limb action detector, we assessed whether two persons with multiple disabilities would be able to control an environmental stimulus through limb action. This study extends the functionality of the Wii Remote Controller to the correction of limb hyperactive behavior to assess whether two children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) would be able to actively reduce their limb hyperactive behavior through controlling their favorite stimuli by turning them on/off using a Wii Remote Controller. An ABAB design, in which A represented the baseline and B represented intervention phases, was adopted in this study. Result showed that both participants significantly increased their time duration of maintaining a static limb posture (TDMSLP) to activate the control system in order to produce environmental stimulation in the intervention phases. Practical and developmental implications of the findings are discussed.
A device was invented that permits nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of the internal elements of a coin cell battery. The Coin Cell Battery Imager was used to record wideline 7Li NMR spectra of the lithium ions that were electrochemically intercalated into three different types of carbon-based materials. The samples included graphite, corannulene, and carbon derived from sepiolite clay. All samples were excised from 2032-size coin cells that were cycled multiple times and left in a discharged state (i.e., fully lithiated). A comparison of the 7Li NMR spectra recorded for the three carbons revealed that the curved carbon lattice derived from sepiolite affected the lithium resonances in a manner similar to that observed for the curved molecule corannulene, while both differed from the flat lattice of graphite. In addition, it was possible to observe lithium dendrites on the surface of a hard carbon electrode even in the presence of a large lithium counter electrode using NMR imaging techniques.
Lithium (Li) metal has been regarded as promising candidate anode to upgrade the energy density of Li secondary batteries. However, uncontrollable formation of Li dendrite, serious volumetric change, undesirable side reaction and poor mechanical properties of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer impede the commercialization of this technology. By ex-situ observing the initial Li deposition process and conducting electrochemical test, we firstly confirm the prior nucleation behavior of Li metal at the step edge area. We thus employ a balsa wood derived porous carbon matrix as Li host and metal oxide nanoparticles are introduced to increase the nanoscale step amounts for Li nucleation. Hence, the Li nucleation overpotential is reduced and Li can be well accommodated within carbon matrix. Moreover, this step-edge-guided effect could promise the Li striping/plating to happen mainly around the steps area within channels, achieving a dendrite-free anode. Consequently, the modified Li anode is capable of working under an ultrahigh current density of 15mAcm−2 with a Coulombic efficiency of ~ 96% and exhibit lower nucleation overpotential, more satisfactory cycling stability. And when in pair with commercial LiCoO2 cathode, it shows better rate performance and higher capacity compared with bare Li foil.
In this paper, a new approach has been introduced that integrates an evolutionary-based mechanism with a distributed query sensor cover algorithm for optimal query execution in self-organized wireless sensor networks (WSN). An algorithm based on an evolutionary technique is proposed, with problem-specific genetic operators to improve computing efficiency. Redundancy within a sensor network can be exploited to reduce the communication cost incurred in execution of spatial queries. Any reduction in communication cost would result in an efficient use of battery energy, which is very limited in sensors. Our objective is to self-organize the network, in response to a query, into a topology that involves an optimal subset of sensors that is sufficient to process the query subject to connectivity, coverage, energy consumption, cover size and communication overhead constraints. Query processing must incorporate energy awareness into the system by reducing the total energy consumption and hence increasing the lifetime of the sensor cover, which is beneficial for large long running queries. Experiments have been carried out on networks with different sensors Transmission radius, different query sizes, and different network configurations. Through extensive simulations, we have shown that our designed technique result in substantial energy savings in a sensor network. Compared with other techniques, the results demonstrated a significant improvement of the proposed technique in terms of energy-efficient query cover with lower communication cost and lower size.
While mercury (Hg) releases to air and water within the Great Lakes states have declined significantly, concentrations of mercury in fish remain a cause for concern regarding human and ecosystem health in the Great Lakes Basin. This paper assesses the priority that Hg source reduction ought to have in relation to some other environmental concerns, and explores the relative costs of various Hg reduction policies. Long-range transport of atmospheric mercury creates a collective action problem for states, since most of the mercury emitted within any given state deposits outside that state’s borders, and since most of the mercury deposited within a state originated outside that state. This paper discusses some of the mechanisms that policy makers in the Great Lakes states employed to get beyond the collective action problem, including: providing an example for others to follow; using cross-jurisdiction cooperation to leverage the benefits of leadership on Hg reduction and control; and, promoting voluntary actions. Recommendations for future opportunities include: focusing reduction efforts on sources with the highest total mass of emissions rather than solely focusing on reduction of local deposition and utilizing all tools available in the clean air and clean water acts.
Nanoporous multinary alloy networks containing multiple functional components, i. e. active Li-alloying main-group metals and inactive transition-metals, possess unique structural and compositional features toward lithium storage, and are thus anticipated to manifest desirable anodic performance in advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a general and scalable one-pot hydrogel-derived route has been developed for the construction of nanoporous multinary alloy networks via facile coordination-reduction processes using novel cyano-bridged coordination polymer hydrogels (cyanogels) as precursors. The formation of nanoporous Sn–In–Ni ternary alloy network has been illustrated as an example by using a Sn(IV)–In(III)–Ni(II)–Co(III) quaternary metallic cyanogel as a precursor. Meanwhile, nanoporous Sn–Ni binary alloy and metallic In networks have also been synthesized through coordination-reduction routes using Sn(IV)–Ni(II) and In(III)–Co(III) cyanogels as precursors, respectively. Moreover, the anodic performance of the nanoporous Sn–In–Ni ternary alloy network has been examined as a proof-of-concept demonstration of its structural and compositional superiorities toward lithium storage. Compared with separate Sn–Ni and In networks, the Sn–In–Ni ternary alloy network manifests markedly enhanced lithium-storage performance in terms of reversible capacities, cycling stability, and so forth, making it an ideal anodic candidate for advanced LIBs with long cycle life and high energy/power densities. Moreover, the proposed hydrogel-derived coordination-reduction strategy would open up new opportunities for constructing nanoporous multinary alloy networks as advanced anodes for LIBs.
New Sn–C nanocomposite with metallic tin nanocrystals embedded into graphitic mesoporous carbon walls has been synthesized via a simple one-step solid–liquid grinding/templating route. X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption, transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis techniques are used to characterize the samples. It is observed that high content of metallic tin nanocrystals with the sizes of 3–5 nm are well dispersed into the highly conductive graphitic carbon walls, and synthesized tin–graphitic mesoporous carbon (Sn–GMC) nanocomposite possesses ordered 2D hexagonal mesostructures with moderate surface area, large pore volume and hierarchical porosity. Due to its novel structures, the Sn–GMC nanocomposite exhibits high initial coulombic efficiency, excellent cyclability and rate performance when employed as an anode material in lithium ion batteries.
This paper focuses on the development of optimized pulse charging strategies for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. Aiming to improve the constant pulse charging in wide use today, we propose for the first time to modulate the current pulses during the charging process to reconcile health protection with charging pace. Toward this end, we use an equivalent circuit model and then formulate the problem of optimal pulse charging with an awareness of both battery health and charging speed. We then propose to resolve it using the linear control theory and obtain two charging methods, which regulate the magnitude and width, respectively, of the current pulses applied during the charging process. The proposed methods promise a two-fold benefit. First, the pulse-modulated charging will offer an effective means to defend the battery against the charging-induced harm to health without much compromise of the charging speed. Second, the methods have low computational cost, thus suitable for embedded battery management systems (BMSs) with constrained computing capabilities. This compares with the many charging techniques in the literature that require time-consuming constrained optimization. A detailed simulation study of the two proposed methods is offered to evaluate their effectiveness. The study endows pulse charging with a formalized design methodology unavailable before and impose a stronger health protection during its execution, which together can potentially translate into the momentum for its real-world application to Li-ion battery-powered systems including consumer electronics devices, electrical vehicles and solar photovoltaic arrays.