batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
Continuous wireless wide area network (WWAN) access for mobile devices in future pervasive systems may be limited by battery power and may generate extensive data telecommunication costs. In this paper, we develop a new message notification protocol (MNP) to enable mobile users to maintain a continuous presence at their instant messaging (IM) server while avoiding long, idle connections. In MNP, mobile users cooperatively share a single message notification channel to reduce users’ telecommunication charges and extend a device’s battery life. A device may turn off its WWAN interface for most of the time to save power, and only needs to contact the IM server when needed. Precise group information does not need to be maintained by a mobile device. Message notification exchanged between the IM server and the peer group is represented by a compressed Bloom filter to further reduce the protocol overhead and provide additional privacy and security. The results of performance evaluation show that the MNP protocol could be able to save significant energy consumed in a mobile device.
A lithium silicon alloy was synthesized by mechanical alloying method. Hydrogen storage properties of this Li–Si–H system were studied. During hydrogenation of the lithium silicon alloy, lithium atom was extracted from the alloy and lithium hydride was generated. Equilibrium hydrogen pressures for desorption and absorption reactions were measured in a temperature range from 400 to 500°C to investigate the thermodynamic characteristics of the system, which can reversibly store 5.4mass% hydrogen with smaller reaction enthalpy than simple metal Li. Li absorbing alloys, which have been widely studied as a negative electrode material for Li ion rechargeable batteries, can be used as hydrogen storage materials with high hydrogen capacity.
The zinc metal anode in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) is considerably impeded by uncontrollable dendrite growth and intricately water-induced corrosion, leading to low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and limited lifespan. Herein, a bifunctional cellulose nanowhisker-graphene (CNG) membrane was constructed to mitigate these problems. Experimental analysis and molecular dynamics simulation reveal that the CNG membrane, functioning as a desolvation layer to preclude H2O molecules encountering the Zn anode, retards the water-induced corrosion reaction. This CNG layer with negative surface charges can simultaneously generate a deanionization shock by spreading cations but screening anions to obtain redirected Zn deposition parallel to the (0002)Zn plane. Furthermore, the flexible and toughened CNG membrane could withstand a strong tensile force (8.54 N) and a great puncture force (0.10 N) to favorably accommodate the Zn anode surface fluctuation during plating/stripping. Accordingly, CNG/Zn anode delivers an enhanced CE (99.4%) and a longer cycle life (∼5500 h), over 27 times that of a bare Zn anode. A full MnO2/graphene-CNG/Zn battery exhibits a high discharge capacity (307 mA h g−1) and maintains a high capacity retention of 87.8% at 5C after 5000 cycles.
To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of a tailored, goal-directed, and exercise-based physical therapy program for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
Mobile cloud computing is a dynamic, virtually scalable and network based computing environment where mobile device acts as a thin client and applications run on remote cloud servers. Mobile cloud computing resources required by different users depend on their respective personalized applications. Therefore, efficient resource provisioning in mobile clouds is an important aspect that needs special attention in order to make the mobile cloud computing a highly optimized entity. This paper proposes an adaptive model for efficient resource provisioning in mobile clouds by predicting and storing resource usages in a two dimensional matrix termed as resource provisioning matrix. These resource provisioning matrices are further used by an independent authority to predict future required resources using artificial neural network. Independent authority also checks and verifies resource usage bill computed by cloud service provider using resource provisioning matrices. It provides cost computation reliability for mobile customers in mobile cloud environment. Proposed model is implemented on Hadoop using three different applications. Results indicate that proposed model provides better mobile cloud resources utilization as well as maintains quality of service for mobile customer. Proposed model increases battery life of mobile device and decreases data usage cost for mobile customer.
High electrical conductivity is a vital factor to improve electrochemical performance of energy storage materials. In this work, bimetallic nickel cobalt phosphides with high electrical conductivity and different Ni/Co molar ratios are directly fabricated via a simple hydrothermal method. The samples show uniform teeny nanoparticles morphology and excellent electrochemical performance. The NiCoP sample exhibits the most prominent specific capacity (571Cg−1 at 1Ag−1) and out-bound rate characteristic (72.8% capacity retention with a 20-fold increase in current densities), which can be attributed to the good crystallinity, larger specific surface area, and noteworthy intrinsic conductivity that convenient for fast electron transfer in active material and fleet reversible faradic reaction characteristics. Simultaneously, an optimal asymmetric supercapacitor based on NiCoP as positive and activated carbon as negative is assembled. It can achieve a high energy density of 32Whkg−1 (at a power density of 0.351kWkg−1) and prominent cycling stability with 91.8% initial capacity retention after 3000 cycles. It demonstrates that nickel cobalt phosphides are promising as energy storage materials. The study could also pave the way to explore a new class of bimetallic phosphides materials high electrical conductivity for electrochemical energy storage.
Recent advances in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for civilian use make it possible to regularly monitor geothermal environments at spatial and temporal scales that would be difficult to achieve using conventional methods. Previous aerial monitoring of geothermal environments has been expensive and time consuming. This paper demonstrates the use of a small (<2 kg), cost effective quadcopter UAV to safely and accurately map physical and biological characteristics of these unique habitats. Thermal infrared imaging and photogrammetry are used to capture detailed information of geothermal surface features and surrounding vegetation within the Wairakei – Tauhara geothermal field near Taupo, New Zealand. The study highlights advanced techniques in sampling, processing and analysing UAV images and identifies some research challenges and limitations in the use of UAV platforms and sensors. The application of UAVs to describe and monitor geothermal features and other environments is a rapidly developing field in science and natural resource management. This project demonstrates the utility of UAV applications in geothermal science and the potential for their use in many other areas of research.
Li1+xV1−xO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) compounds were studied as the anode materials for a lithium-ion battery. The crystal and electronic structures of the prepared materials were correlated with electrical conductivities and electrochemical properties. The electrochemical behaviors were significantly dependent on the composition of Li1+xV1−xO2, and these were resulted from the perturbation of the local electronic structure arising from the increase in lithium contents in Li1+xV1−xO2 rather than from the slight distortion in the crystal structure. The electrical conductivities of Li1+xV1−xO2 increased with the increase in lithium contents in the compounds. Li1.1V0.9O2 and Li1.075V0.925O2 samples exhibit the first discharge capacities of 250 and 241 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C-rate, respectively.
The phosphorylation of eIF2α is essential for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, the formation of stress granules, as well as macroautophagy. Several successful anticancer chemotherapeutics have the property to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), thereby causing anticancer immune responses. ICD is accompanied by the translocation of calreticulin (CALR) from the ER lumen to the plasma membrane, which facilitates the transfer of tumor-associated antigens to dendritic cells. Here we systematically investigated the capacity of anticancer chemotherapeutics to induce signs of ER stress. ICD inducers including anthracyclines and agents that provoke tetraploidization were highly efficient in enhancing the phosphorylation of eIF2α, yet failed to stimulate other signs of ER stress including the transcriptional activation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), the alternative splicing of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) mRNA and the proteolytic cleavage of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) both in vitro and in cancers established in mice. Systematic analyses of clinically used anticancer chemotherapeutics revealed that only eIF2α phosphorylation, but none of the other signs of ER stress, correlated with CALR exposure. eIF2α phosphorylation induced by mitoxantrone, a prototype ICD-inducing anthracyline, was mediated by eIF2α kinase-3 (EIF2AK3). Machine-learning approaches were used to determine the physicochemical properties of drugs that induce ICD, revealing that the sole ER stress response relevant to the algorithm is eIF2α phosphorylation with its downstream consequences CALR exposure, stress granule formation and autophagy induction. Importantly, this approach could reduce the complexity of compound libraries to identify ICD inducers based on their physicochemical and structural characteristics. In summary, it appears that eIF2α phosphorylation constitutes a pathognomonic characteristic of ICD.
Sulfide-based conductors are one class of the most promising solid electrolytes for next-generation of all-solid-state batteries due to their advantages on high ionic conductivity and favorable mechanical properties of easy densification. Besides new material chemistry to be explored, understanding the pressure effect on structure and property is equally important from both fundamental and practical considerations, as pressure is one way to tune the properties of such solid electrolytes. Here we report the pressure-driven structural evolution and conductivity change of Na3SbS4 solid electrolyte through the integration of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and in-situ experiments. Theoretical calculation predicts that no phase transition happens to tetragonal Na3SbS4 under 10 GPa isotopically pressure. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman results confirm that Na3SbS4 keeps stable tetragonal structure but shows anisotropic compressibility along different directions. After pressure release, the ionic conductivity of Na3SbS4 increases by four folds to 1.6 mS cm−1, which is resulted from the dramatic decrease of grain boundary resistance.
Alone, it is expected, and also was experimentally proved, that calcium carbonate and reduced graphene oxide do have negligible specific capacitance due to the chemical composition of both materials. However, synthesis of CaCO3 on the form of very thin sporadic layer attaching rGO results in dramatic increase in the specific capacitance of the obtained composite due to formation of the electrochemical double layer at the interfacial area. Moreover, the specific capacitance could be further enhanced by nitrogen-doping of the rGO sheets. Typically, a novel N-rGO/CaCO3 composite has been successfully synthesized by heat reflux strategy with graphite powder, calcium acetate and urea as raw materials.The composite was characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), coupled with rapid EDAX (energy dispersive analysis of X-Ray) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The utilized physiochemical characterizations indicated that the final prepared composite can be demonstrated as N-doped rGO decorated by very thin discrete layer from calcium carbonate. Supercapacitive performance of N-rGO/CaCO3 composite has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 1M KOH solution. The results reveal that the N-rGO/CaCO3 composite delivers a large specific capacitance of as high as 214Fg−1 and 188Fg−1 at 5mVs−1and 1.0Ag−1, according to CV and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests, respectively; while the CaCO3, rGO, rGO/CaCO3, N-rGO based electrodes has a poor electrochemical performance at the same conditions. Moreover, the as-prepared composite exhibited excellent long cycle stability with about 88.7% specific capacitance retained after 10,000 cycles.
Sulfur–carbon composites are promising next generation cathode materials for high energy density lithium batteries and thus, their discharge and charge properties have been studied with increasing intensity in recent years. While the sulfur-based redox reactions are reasonably well understood, the knowledge of deleterious side reactions in lithium–sulfur batteries is still limited. In particular, the gassing behavior has not yet been investigated, although it is known that lithium metal readily reacts with the commonly used ethereal electrolytes. Herein, we describe, for the first time, gas evolution in operating lithium–sulfur cells with a diglyme-based electrolyte and evaluate the effect of the polysulfide shuttle-suppressing additive LiNO3. The use of the combination of two operando techniques (pressure measurements and online continuous flow differential electrochemical mass spectrometry coupled with infrared spectroscopy) demonstrates that the additive dramatically reduces, but does not completely eliminate gassing. The major increase in pressure occurs during charge, immediately after fresh lithium is deposited, but there are differences in gas generation during cycling depending on the addition of LiNO3. Cells with LiNO3 show evolution of N2 and N2O in addition to CH4 and H2, the latter being the main volatile decomposition products. Collectively, these results provide novel insight into the important function of LiNO3 as a stabilizing additive in lithium–sulfur batteries.
Rechargeable batteries using organic materials have potential advantages of low cost and materials sustainability for large-scale electric storage applications. The key issue to realize such sustainable batteries is to develop suitable organic electrode materials with sufficient redox capacity and cycling stability. Herein, we introduce lithium and sodium salt of 3, 4, 9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid (Li4C24H8O8, Na4C24H8O8) as new organic anode materials for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries. The Li4C24H8O8 electrode can deliver a reversible capacity of ∼200mAhg−1 at quite low charge/discharge plateaus of 1.20/1.10V, and remains 98% of its initial capacity after 100 cycles. Similarly, the Na4C24H8O8 electrode exhibits a reversible Na storage capacity of ∼100mAhg−1 at a low voltage region of 0.8–0.6V (vs Na) with almost indiscernible capacity decay during 100 cycles. These results demonstrate a potential possibility to use the organic anodes for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries.
This paper proposes an exergy-based well-to-wheels analysis to compare different passenger vehicles, based on three key indicators: petroleum energy use, CO2 emissions, and economic cost. A set of fuel pathways, including petroleum-based fuels, compressed natural gas, biofuels, and electricity are considered in five representative national energy mixes, namely Brazil, China, France, Italy, and the United States of America. Results show no fundamental difference in the fossil fuel pathways among the five scenarios considered. Compressed natural gas vehicles and electric vehicles can completely displace oil consumption in the personal transportation sector. Compressed natural gas vehicles also reduce CO2 emissions by over 20% compared to gasoline vehicles. Emissions from electric vehicles greatly vary depending on the electricity mix. In low-carbon electricity mixes electric vehicles reach almost-zero CO2 emissions, while the use of biofuels leads to the lowest CO2 emissions in carbon-intensive electricity generation mixes, where vehicles running on E85 could reduce CO2 emission by over 50% compared to gasoline vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles show the lowest overall economic cost, due to improved efficiency and low cost of petroleum-based fuels. Vehicles running on electricity are characterized by significantly higher capital cost and lower operating costs. Thus, different electricity generation costs impact minimally the overall cost. These results can be used to inform decision-makers regarding the multi-dimensional impact of passenger vehicles, including environmental impact, economic cost, and depletion of primary energy resources, with particular focus on petroleum.
Theorists have long disagreed about the impact of socio-economic modernization on social trust. The pessimistic school asserts that modernization undermines the structural conditions for high levels of trust. The optimistic account argues that it delivers economic security and human empowerment and thereby enhances trust. Adapting these contrasting theories to the specific case of China, this article puts them to the test with survey data from the World Values Survey. Exploiting the condition of highly uneven levels of regional development, combined with common political institutions and a shared cultural heritage, the study conducts a multi-level analysis of survey data from over 1900 individuals and a wide range of regional statistics from 61 county-level units. While trust in family members and particular trust beyond the family are unaffected by levels of regional modernization, we find robust evidence to suggest that regional modernization is associated with substantially higher levels of general trust. The results further suggests that higher general trust in more developed regions does not lead to an enhanced conversion of particular into general trust. This indicates that general trust is nurtured through the contextual effect of residing in more modern social environments. Overall, these findings provide substantial support for modernization optimists and lend themselves to a reinterpretation of a widely discussed “trust crisis” in China, which to date is often interpreted according to the pessimistic view of modernization.
Technology transfer from developed to developing countries is often problematic. Insufficient resources for operation and maintenance after project finalization are common challenges. Findings from assessments of two projects in rural Botswana and Namibia where different renewable energy technologies were introduced to improve access to electricity are presented. In Tsumkwe, a Namibian off-grid settlement with about 4000 inhabitants, a large solar–diesel hybrid system has been constructed. A smaller system using photovoltaic and biogas is piloted in the off-grid settlement Sekhutlane in Botswana. In Sekhutlane beneficiaries’ ability to pay for services is addressed by supporting local entrepreneurs to establish electricity-based businesses. Functionality of installations was inspected and semi-structured interviews were held with key stakeholders. In Tsumkwe local service providers were unprepared to take charge of operations and maintenance after completion of the project and users have difficulties paying for the services. Too strong focus on technology and insufficient efforts made to involve local institutions and beneficiaries throughout the project are main causes. The promotion of local entrepreneurship in Sekhutlane has resulted in 17 local businesses being established, likely to strengthen the cash economy and improved ability to pay for services, and thereby contributing financial resources towards operation and maintenance of systems.
Neuropsychologic test scores from a group of children with epilepsy were compared to the standardization sample of the NEPSY: A Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment, a relatively new neuropsychologic testing instrument. Nineteen children with a confirmed diagnosis of epilepsy (11 boys, 8 girls), aged 3−12 years, participated. Attention/executive function, language, sensorimotor, visuospatial, and learning/memory domain scores were examined, as well as individual subtest scores. The mean scores on the attention/executive function, language, and sensorimotor domains were >1.5 standard deviations below the normative mean, and significantly lower than the mean visuospatial domain score (P < 0.05). The mean language domain score was also significantly lower than the learning/memory score (P < 0.05). Mean subdomain scores varied, with impairment on two tasks measuring rapid automatic processing and graphomotor precision, respectively. On the majority of subtests, 15% or more of the sample scored in the impaired range. Associations between patient age, seizure onset age, seizure frequency, and antiepileptic medication status were not associated with outcome, perhaps due in part to the small sample size. The strengths and weaknesses of the NEPSY as a measure of neuropsychologic functioning in children with epilepsy, and its utility in highlighting risks to academic achievement are discussed.
Neglecting to account for the mortality of study animals in ecological research has the potential to lead to biased interpretation of behaviour. Considering the widespread use of acoustic telemetry to track the presence and movements of aquatic animals, if mortality is not appropriately addressed, conservation or management decisions affecting important resources may be distorted. Although mortality can be difficult to identify, it is unclear how frequent mortality is considered or incorporated in acoustic telemetry research, particularly studies relating to the behaviour of tagged animals. The main objective of this review was to characterize if and how mortality was incorporated in recent acoustic telemetry articles published during 2015–2019. For the 640 articles reviewed, criteria used to address mortality were summarized across study and animal types, providing a comprehensive view of ‘mortality consideration’. Also, we discuss the common approaches that have been used in previous studies to incorporate mortality, as well as emerging tools, major concerns, and advice to help guide its inclusion in future work. We found that 50% of ecology/behaviour articles tracking the movements of elasmobranchs, bony fishes, and other aquatic animals did not communicate that mortality was either contemplated, investigated, or integrated into the study. For the studies that did incorporate mortality, 75% identified mortality events equating to an average of ~ 11% of animals tagged in each study. The criteria used to assess mortality varied among study types with horizontal movement, movements between adjacent receiver stations, and direct observation of fate as the most common for ecology/behaviour, mortality/survival, and tagging effects articles, respectively. We conclude that reporting of and methods to assess mortality should be more widespread in acoustic telemetry research, especially since movement ecology is increasingly being used to inform management decisions.
Performance assessments of redox flow batteries (RFBs) can be challenging due to inconsistency in testing methods and conditions. Here the authors summarize major performance metrics of RFBs, analyse their degradation mechanisms and propose testing protocols for benchmarking.