batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle modification offers a promising way of preventing or delaying Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In particular, nutritional interventions can contribute to decrease the risk of dementia. The efficacy of such interventions should be assessed in individuals thought to be prone to AD. It is therefore necessary to identify markers that may help detecting AD as early as possible. This review will focus on subtle neuropsychological changes that may already exist in the predementia phase, and that could point to individuals at risk of dementia. Episodic memory decline appears consistently as the earliest sign of incipient typical AD. An episodic memory test that ensures deep encoding of information and assesses retrieval with free as well as cued recall appears as a useful tool to detect patients at an early stage of AD. Beyond the memory domain, category verbal fluency has been shown to decline early and to predict progression to AD. Moreover, in line with current diagnosis criteria for prodromal AD, combining neuropsychological scores and neuroimaging data allows a better discrimination of future AD patients than neuroimaging or neuropsychological data alone. Altogether, the detection of cognitive changes that are predictive of the typical form of probable AD already in the predementia stage points to at risk people who are the best target for therapeutic interventions, such as nutrition or physical exercise counseling or dietary interventions.
Mesoporous carbon (MoC), prepared by the template method from phenol resin, commercial mesoporous carbon fiber (ACF) and microporous activated carbon (MiC) were heat-treated under 1200°C in nitrogen. The samples before and after high temperature heat treatment (HTT) were used as electrodes in 30% KOH electrolyte for supercapacitor. The structure and electrochemical properties of these samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), galvanotactic charge–discharge, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectra, respectively. Results showed that HTT caused a remarkable increase of mesoporous ratio in texture accompanied with a significant reduction of surface area. After HTT, the layer–layer space among graphite crystallite decreased and the degree of graphitization was improved. The capacitance values of mesoporous carbons increased and a more stable tendency for specific capacitance was obtained compared with the contrary performance of MiC-1200. The cyclic voltammetry of the samples at different sweep rates was close to the rectangular shape, which represented the lower ESR and higher power density. It was also found that high temperature treatment could improve the electrical conductivity and decrease the impedance of the electrode remarkably. The improved specific capacitance and the better conductivity of mesoporous carbons could be ascribed to the expanding and reorganization of crystallite structure as well as increase of mesopore ratio.
A Li4Ti5O12/carbon/carbon nano-tubes (Li4Ti5O12/C/CNTs) composite was synthesized by using a solid-state method. For comparison, a Li4Ti5O12/carbon (Li4Ti5O12/C) composite and a pristine Li4Ti5O12 were also synthesized in the present study. The microstructure and morphology of the prepared samples are characterized by XRD and SEM. Electrochemical properties of the samples are evaluated by using galvanostatic discharge/charge tests and AC impedance spectroscopy. The results reveal that the Li4Ti5O12/C/CNTs composite exhibits the best rate capability and cycling stability among the samples of Li4Ti5O12, Li4Ti5O12/C and Li4Ti5O12/C/CNTs. At the charge–discharge rate of 0.5C, 5.0C and 10.0C, its discharge capacities were 163mAh/g, 148mAh/g and 143mAh/g, respectively. After 100 cycles at 5.0C, it remained at 146mAh/g.
Over the last few decades, the number of studies concerning the role of subcortical structures in cognition has increased due to advances in neuroimaging. We describe the language and speech disturbances found in 16 patients with subcortical lesions (9 in basal ganglia and 7 in thalamus), evaluated by CT scan, MRI, and SPECT. Language assessment included the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, Boston Naming Test, and Token Test. Motor–articulatory alterations predominated in the non-thalamic group; in the thalamic group, there was a higher frequency of language alterations, especially in naming and auditory comprehension; verbal memory and attentional impairments may have contributed to this. We also found hypoperfusion in cortical language areas, and therefore participation of cortical dysfunction cannot be ruled out.
The electrochemical performance of LaNi5−x Al x (x =0.1–0.5) hydrogen storage alloys was quickly and systematically evaluated by powder microelectrode (PME) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) studies were also carried out for a better understanding of the effect of Al partial substitution for Ni on the alloy's performance. PME study results show that Al partial substitution for Ni improves both the cycling performance and the anti-electro-oxidation ability of the alloys; however, it prolongs the alloy activation process, decreases the maximum discharge ability and enhances the polarization of the alloy electrode. The alloy decay mainly behaves as the capacity reduction with the time, but the maximum discharge ability almost keeps constant during the service life. The changes of both the physical and the chemical properties of the alloys resulted from Al partial substitution for Ni are the main factors which lead to the changes of the electrochemical performance of the alloys.
We introduce two large-scale resources for functional analysis of microRNA (miRNA): a decoy library for inhibiting miRNA function and a sensor library for monitoring microRNA activity. To take advantage of the sensor library, we developed a high-throughput assay called Sensor-seq to simultaneously quantify the activity of hundreds of miRNAs. Using this approach, we show that only the most abundant miRNAs in a cell mediate target suppression. Over 60% of detected miRNAs had no discernible activity, which indicated that the functional 'miRNome' of a cell is considerably smaller than currently inferred from profiling studies. Moreover, some highly expressed miRNAs exhibited relatively weak activity, which in some cases correlated with a high target-to-miRNA ratio or increased nuclear localization of the miRNA. Finally, we show that the miRNA decoy library can be used for pooled loss-of-function studies. These tools are valuable resources for studying miRNA biology and for miRNA-based therapeutics.
This paper aims to present Malaysia's green developments, focusing on the National Green Technology Policy and Green Building Index which have been introduced since 2009. Various green initiatives and their progresses to date will be discussed as well as the key implementing green agencies. The benefits of going green to the country and incentives being offered by the Malaysian Government are also presented. The prospect of a green future in Malaysia, spurred by the worldwide outlook towards sustainable development and environmental preservation is very bright. Pursuing green technology in economic and social developments not only helps sustain the non-renewable fuels, safeguards and minimises the environmental degradation due to carbon emissions, it also creates a strong green economy and industry, inline with the country's vision as well as the rest of the world economies.
In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) anode of dense nanocavities inside TiO2 nanowire array (TNWA) was synthesized by a hydrothermal route using anodic TiO2 nanotube array (TNTA) as a starting material. TNWA-D, which was prepared by the same hydrothermal route using Ti substrate directly, and TNTA were also studied for comparison. The morphology and crystal structure were studied by glancing angle X-ray diffraction (GAXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical performance was evaluated by galvanostatic charge–discharge tests and alternating current (AC) impedance spectroscopy, and the formation mechanisms of TNWA and TNWA-D were discussed. The results showed that TNWA had a unique nanostructure with long, fine and uniform nanowires, and it was worth noting that dense nanocavities distributed on the surface of nanowires, which enhanced the electrical conductivity and surface area greatly. The TNWA anodes exhibit higher electrochemical performance than that of TNTA and TNWA-D anodes. At 0.2C rate, TNWA anode delivers the specific capacities of 305.8mAhg−1, which is more than that of TNTA (288.4mAhg−1) and TNWA-D (29.1mAhg−1). After 50cycles at different current densities, it still retains 257mAhg−1. The electrochemical performance of TNWA-D anode is the worst one due to its poor electrical conductivity resulting from the large amounts of broken, litter and non-uniform nanowires.
This paper investigates the local complementarity of three types of renewable sources (solar, wind and tidal). One of the main drawbacks of non-conventional renewable energy sources is their intermittent nature. Wind energy depends on the wind speed, which varies throughout the day. The generation of photovoltaic solar energy is strongly affected by clouds, that cause an abrupt drop of power to less than 50% of its rated capacity. In contrast, tidal energy is characterized by a high degree of predictability. This article raises important features of local complementarity of these renewable sources. These properties can be exploited to improve the firm power of isolated microgrids, leading to a variety of beneficial operational consequences. The contributions and conclusions presented here are supported by case studies and real data measured in the coastal region of northern Brazil.
Thomas Alva Edison, the most prolific inventor in North America, with over 1000 patents, was the descendant of early settlers from the Netherlands to the Hudson Valley region of New York/New Jersey. However, his genealogical trail encompasses many cities, provinces, states, and countries, including Holland, France, Scotland, New Amsterdam, New York, New Jersey, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Ohio, and Michigan. He was motivated to develop and invent in response to perceived needs of commercial devices and was the creator of the concept of an industrial research laboratory. His activities covered a wide-range of chemical, electrical, medical, metallurgical, entertainment, and communication devices and led to the creation of major worldwide industries. However, his expressed underlying concern was the “service it might give others”. This presentation reviews commercial developments in comparison with the technologies and motivations of the time and is illustrated by material from the Rutgers University ‘Edison Papers Project’, Edison’s personal notes found in the Edison Battery Factory and preserved by Professor Salkind, and records of The Electrochemical Society.
We report an investigation on quaternary, polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based electrolytes as separators for lithium polymer batteries. The target is the development of Li+ conducting membranes, containing large fraction of the N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ionic liquid, able to combine fast ion transport properties with improved electrochemical stability. The PEO electrolytes, prepared through a fully-dry solvent-free procedure, exhibited good aging resistance and conductivity values equal to 3.46×10−4 and 2.43×10−3 Scm−1 at −20 and 20°C, respectively, combined with an anodic stability up to 4.5V (vs. Li°/Li+). These results represent the best performance, in terms of ion transport properties and electrochemical stability, reported till now for PEO electrolytes.
Formatting problems in the manuscript titled “Redox flow batteries: a review” have resulted in some bibliographic errors. Some in-text citations point to the wrong bibliographic entry. The table below provides the correct mapping between in-text citation and the bibliographic number as given in the original article’s references section. Additionally, some bibliographic entries are incorrect so the correct citations are given in the below table.Original CitationCorrect Citation[11] in Section 3, last paragraph[104][13, 113] in Section 3.1, last paragraph[164, 165][18, 36] in Section 3.1, last paragraph[124, 123][113] Section 4.1, 4th paragraph[109][66] in Section 4.1, 5th paragraphSchmal D, Vanerkel J, Vanduin PJ (1986) J Appl Electrochem 16:422[18] in Section 4.1.1, 1st paragraph[124][46] in Section 4.1.1, 1st paragraph[129][25, 63 & 101] in Section 5.1, last paragraph[27, 63][42] in Section 5.1, last paragraphThaller LH (1976) Electrically rechargable redox flow cell. US Patent 3996064[57, 58] in Section 5.1, 2nd paragraph[16, 27][71] in Section 5.1, 3rd paragraphYeo RS, Chin DT (1980) J Electrochem Soc 127:549[2, 71] in Section 5.1, 3rd paragraphWills RGA et al (2010)  J Appl Electrochem 40:955Original ReferenceCorrect Reference[101][155][102][121][103]Zhu HQ et al (2008) J Power Sources 184:637[104][125][105][122][106]Lizarraga DS, Bisang JM (1996) J Appl Electrochem 26:1209[110][113][111]Litster S, Buie CR, Fabian T, Eaton JK, Santiago JG (2007) J Electrochem Soc 154:B1049[112][126][120]Tomadakis MM, Sotirchos SV (1993) J Chem Phys 98:616[121]Vatistas N, Marconi PF, Bartolozzi M (1991) Electrochim Acta 36:339[122]Delanghe B, Tellier S, Astruc M (1990) Electrochim Acta 35:1369[123]Kinoshita K, Leach SC (1982) J Electrochem Soc 129:1993[124][107][125]Saleh MM (2004) J Phys Chem B 108:13419[126]Nguyen TV, Knobbe MW (2003) J Power Sources 114:70[156]Trainham JA, Newman JS (1981) Electrochim Acta 26:455
In this study, we empirically investigate how organizational and strategic variables are related to success in technology implementation. Organizational culture, operations strategy, and the outcomes associated with manufacturing technology implementation are assessed from data collected from a sample of manufacturing plants across a wide range of industries. We then analyze the relationships between these variables using multiple regression analysis. Our findings indicate that both culture and strategy variables are significantly related to technology implementation, but the relationships are dissimilar for different types of implementation outcomes.
Grid communicative “smart” charging of electric vehicles can provide significant benefits for maximizing the emission reductions provided by the large-scale use of these vehicles. While decentralized approaches to smart charging can be practical to implement in real systems, it is unclear whether these provide the same benefits for the electric grid as those identified by centralized approaches in the literature. This study compares the CO2 and NOx reduction benefits, and cost and grid capacity benefits, achieved by decentralized and centralized electric vehicle smart charging by modeling two different smart charging algorithms in battery electric vehicles and characterizing their effect on the operation and dispatch of electric grid resources and subsequently electric grid CO2 and NOx emissions. Decentralized approaches were found to provide the same CO2 emissions benefits and within 2% of the NOx emissions benefits achieved with centralized approaches, but only if the frequency of communication between vehicles and the electric grid is sufficiently high (less than 60 min). The difference in NOx emission is associated with the increased load variability caused by less frequent communication in decentralized smart charging resulting in higher power plant startup events. Finally, costs and grid capacity needs are increased without frequent grid communication.
Single-walled carbon nanotube-coated electrodes were fabricated from functionalized nanotube aqueous suspensions by the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method for a potential large-scale production of nanostructured electrical components. The dependences of nanotube coatings and their electrochemical properties on the processing temperature of EPD were investigated. Optical and scanning electron microscope images were used to examine the microstructure, surface roughness, and thickness of the nanotube-based electrodes. The BET-specific surface area and the average pore size were analyzed. The prepared electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and their specific capacitances were measured. Correlations between the processing temperature and the electrode capacitance, nanotube loading, specific surface area, and average pore size were experimentally characterized.
The electrolytes based on lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiODFB) and carbonates have been systematically investigated for LiFePO4/artificial graphite (AG) cells, by ionic conductivity test and various electrochemical tests, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge–discharge test. The conductivity of nine electrolytes as a function of solvent composition and LiODFB salt concentration has been studied. The coulombic efficiency of LiFePO4/Li and AG/Li half cells with these electrolytes have also been compared. The results show that 1M LiODFB EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v) electrolyte has a relatively higher conductivity (8.25mScm−1) at 25°C, with high coulombic efficiency, good kinetics characteristics and low interface resistance. With 1M LiODFB EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v) electrolyte, LiFePO4/AG cells exhibit excellent capacity retention ∼92% and ∼88% after 100 cycles at 25°C and at elevated temperatures up to 65°C, respectively; The LiFePO4/AG cells also have good rate capability, the discharge capacity is 324.8mAh at 4C, which is about 89% of the discharge capacity at 0.5C. However, at −10°C, the capacity is relatively lower. Compared with 1M LiPF6 EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v), LiFePO4/AG cells with 1M LiODFB EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v) exhibited better capacity utilization at both room temperature and 65°C. The capacity retention of the cells with LiODFB-based electrolyte was much higher than that of LiPF6-based electrolyte at 65°C, while the capacity retention and the rate capacity of the cells is closed to that of LiPF6-based electrolyte at 25°C. In summary, 1M LiODFB EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v) is a promising electrolyte for LiFePO4/AG cells.
Hybrid Li–air batteries fabricated with mesoporous NiCo2O4 nanoflakes directly grown onto nickel foam and N-doped mesoporous carbon loaded onto a hydrophobic carbon paper, respectively, as the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts are found to exhibit the best reported cycle life.
A 1-year survey of sediment dynamics on the Têt inner-shelf in the south-western part of the Gulf of Lions was conducted as part of the EUROSTRATAFORM program (European Margin Strata Formation) from October 2004 to November 2005. Several bottom instruments (ADCP, wave gauge and altimeters) were deployed at 28m water depth on the Têt prodelta to measure forcing responsible for sediment erosion and transport on the inner-shelf. The survey period was characterized by low inputs from the coastal rivers and the absence of severe E–SE marine storms, but intense cold dense shelf water formation along the inner-shelf due to strong and persistent N–NW continental winds. The strong (>20cm/s) and prolonged (4 months) southwards alongshore currents during the preconditioning and formation phases of dense shelf water generated continuous sediment erosion of several centimetres on the Têt prodelta and significant suspended-sediment transport. Hydrodynamical modelling shows that the core of the flow predominantly affects the inner-shelf, but occasionally spreads over the mid-shelf mud belt and the outer-shelf, due to the variable intensity of the NW wind (Tramontane). The impact of this N–NW wind-driven process in terms of resuspension rates and suspended-sediment transport clearly differs from that of extreme E–SE storms observed during the previous winter at the same site [Guillén, J., Bourrin, F., Palanques, A., Durrieu de Madron, X., Puig, P., Buscail, R., 2006. Sediment dynamics during wet and dry storm events on the Têt inner shelf (SW Gulf of Lions). Marine Geology 234 (1–4), 129–142.]. Bottom shear stresses and resuspension rates due to strong dense shelf water flow peaked at 0.7–1Pa and 0.3–0.4g/m2/s, respectively, while they reached values of 6–9Pa and 1.6–1.8g/m2/s, respectively, during the strong E–SE storms events. However, due to differing durations, both led to significant (few centimetres) erosion of the inner-shelf sediment.
Objectives Many studies have demonstrated that patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), a very common sleep-related breathing disorder, are usually impaired in their driving ability because of decreased sleep quality. However, most of the simulation procedures in laboratories are designed to create monotonic conditions with low traffic density, if any, thereby leading to a dramatic decrease in performance in OSAS patients because of the lack of stimulation. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate driving abilities in OSAS patients involved in a driving simulation task with medium traffic density, in order to replicate as far as possible real world conditions. The behavioral and physiological attributes likely to predict driving performance in these patients were also investigated. Methods After a normal night of sleep, 12 OSAS patients and 8 healthy controls performed 6 driving sessions during a 24-h period of sustained wakefulness. Driving performances (speed, lateral position, distances…) were measured and correlated to sleep parameters and to a waking EEG recorded during the task. Results Compared to controls, patients showed difficulties in speed adjustment. However, they maintained longer inter-vehicle distances, including during overtaking. Their waking EEG, while driving, showed increased spectral power in theta (3.9–7.8Hz) but also in beta (12.7–29.2Hz) activity, alpha power (7.9–12.6Hz) being increased in both groups due to sustained wakefulness. Poor sleep indices were correlated to increased theta and beta activities, as well as to more cautious behavior. Discussion In medium traffic density conditions, driving performance in OSAS patients remained at near normal levels, but with more cautious behavior than controls. This could be the result of a bigger effort to stay awake, as suggested by an increased beta activity in these patients.
Amorphous LiFe(WO4)2 thin films have been fabricated by radio-frequency (R.F.) sputtering deposition at room temperature. The as-deposited and electrochemically cycled thin films are, respectively, characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectra techniques. An initial discharge capacity of 198mAh/g in Li/LiFe(WO4)2 cells is obtained, and the electrochemical behavior is mostly preserved in the following cycling. These results identified the electrochemical reactivity of two redox couples, Fe3+/Fe2+ and W6+/W x+ (x =4 or 5). The kinetic parameters and chemical diffusion coefficients of Li intercalation/deintercalation are estimated by cyclic voltammetry and alternate-current (AC) impedance measurements. All-solid-state thin film lithium batteries with Li/LiPON/LiFe(WO4)2 layers are fabricated and show high capacity of 104μAh/cm2 μm in the first discharge. As-deposited LiFe(WO4)2 thin film is expected to be a promising positive electrode material for future rechargeable thin film batteries due to its large volumetric rate capacity, low-temperature fabrication and good electrode/electrolyte interface.