batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
The ability to define the potential value that energy storage systems (ESSs) could generate through various applications in electric power systems, and an understanding of how these values change due to variations in ESS performance and parameters, market structure, utility structures, and valuation methodologies is highly important in advancing ESS deployment. This paper presents a taxonomy for assigning benefits to the use cases or services provided by ESSs, defines approaches for monetizing the value associated with these services, assigns values, or more precisely ranges of values, to major ESS applications by region based on a review of an extensive set of literature, and summarizes and evaluates the capabilities of several available tools currently used to estimate value for specific ESS deployments.
The influence of cycling temperatures and cycling rates on the cycling stability of the positive electrode (cathode) of commercial batteries are investigated. The cathode is a mixture of LiMn2O4 (LMO), LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM) and LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA). It is found that increasing the cycling temperature from 25 °C to 40 °C is detrimental to the long term cycling stability of the cathode. Contrastingly, the improved cycling stability is observed for the cathodes cycled at higher charge/discharge rate (2C/3C instead of 1C/2C). The microstructure analysis by X-ray powder diffraction reveals that a significant capacity fading and an increased overvoltage is observed for NCM and NCA in all the fatigued cathodes. After high number of cycling (above 1500 cycles), NCM becomes partially inactive. In contrast to NCM and NCA, LMO shows a good cycling stability at 25 °C. A pronounced degradation of LMO is only observed for the fatigued cathodes cycled at 40 °C. The huge capacity losses of NCM and NCA are most likely because the blended cathodes were cycled up to 4.12 V vs. the graphite anode during the cycle-life test (corresponds to 4.16 V vs. Li+/Li); which is beyond the stability limit of the layered oxides below 4.05 V vs. Li+/Li.
Novel three-dimensional hierarchical heterostructures composed of two-dimensional SnS2 nanoflakes and zero-dimensional SnO2 nanoparticles were fabricated via a one-step hydrothermal method. Size of the heterostructures was ca. 2μm in diameter, and individual SnS2 nanoflakes with thickness of ca. 150nm were connected to central core of the heterostructures. The SnO2 nanoparticles in a diameter of ca. 5nm uniformly covered entire surface of the SnS2 nanoflakes. Moreover, both of these structures were highly crystalline. Meanwhile, amorphous carbon was formed within the heterostructures. The SnS2/SnO2/C hierarchical heterostructures had a high initial specific reversible capacity of 1065.7mAhg−1, stable cycling stability of 638mAhg−1 after 30 cycles, and superior rate capability of 550.8mAhg−1 at 1C rate. These SnS2/SnO2/C hierarchical heterostructures showed better performance than individual SnS2 and SnO2 nanomaterials, and the performance was even higher than the graphene–SnS2 and graphene–SnO2 nanohybrid materials. This is attributed to a synergistic effect of high surface area, which is provided by the unique SnS2 internal nanoflake layered structures decorated with ultra-fine SnO2 nanoparticles, and an effective beneficial buffer matrix to accommodate the large volume change upon cycling, which is caused by the side-products such as Li2S or Li2O. The SnS2 nanoflake was deduced to play a similar role as graphene material, since both possess 2D conducting layer structures. The uniform carbon dispersion within the structures also stabilizes the structures and improves electrical conductivity of the hierarchical heterostructures.
The influence of carbon coating on the cycle performance of LiFePO4/C composite cathodes using polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate (Tween80) as carbon source against lithium metal foil anode for Li-ion batteries was investigated in this paper. According to Infrared spectrum analysis (FTIR), the Tween80 surfactant molecules bond to the surface of LiFePO4 and form an adsorption layer, which contribute to the formation of a homogeneous carbon layer tightly coating on the surface of LiFePO4 particles in the process of sintering, due to a strong binding force provided by surface chemical bonds. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows that the carbon layer around LiFePO4 using Tween80 as carbon source still coating on the surface of LiFePO4 after 200 cycles at 5 C rate while the carbon layer shed from the surface of LiFePO4 using glucose as carbon source. As a result, the carbon-coated LiFePO4 using Tween80 as carbon source exhibits much higher capacity retention than the sample using glucose as carbon source. Electrochemical impedance measurement (EIS) reveals that the carbon-coated LiFePO4 electrode using Tween80 surfactant has a lower charge transfer resistance than the electrode using glucose as carbon source electrode after 100 and 200 cycles at 5 C rate.
Due to its high theoretical capacity and unique layered structure, MoS2 has attracted attention as a sodium-ion battery anode material. However, the electrochemical performance of MoS2 based anodes is hindered by their low intrinsic conductivity and large volume change during cycling. In this report, nano-sized MoS2 sheets are synthesized using a scalable chemical vapor deposition method on the surface of electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The morphology of the resultant MoS2@CNFs is investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, while their electrochemical performance is studied using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. The results demonstrate that a strong interconnection between MoS2 nanosheets and CNFs is formed and the conductive network of CNFs is beneficial for the sodium ion kinetics. When investigated as an anode for sodium-ion batteries, a high reversible capacity of 380mAhg−1 is obtained after 50 cycles with good cycling stability. In particular, MoS2@CNFs can deliver a capacity of 198mAhg−1 under a high current density of 1Ag−1 after 500 cycles, indicating their great potential as anode material for long-life sodium-ion batteries.
SiP2 has a high specific theoretical capacity of 2902 mA h g-1 as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries and 1788 mA h g-1 for sodium-ion batteries, respectively, but demonstrates very poor cycling stability in the entire voltage range (0–2 V). Here, we report high performance SiP2 anodes for lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries with good cycling stability by wrapping SiP2 with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the surface of SiP2 via a ball milling prociess. MWCNT provides a robust network to connect fragment SiP2 with surrounding electrical conductor and serves as an effective conductive agent. MWCNT-wrapped SiP2 shows a reversible capacity of 1622 mA h g-1 after 100 cycles at 0.5 A g−1 in lithium-ion batteries and 925 mA h g-1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 A g−1 in sodium-ion batteries. In addition, rate capability is significantly enhanced. Furthermore, both coin-type and pouch-type full cells are assembled using SiP2 anodes which are coupled respectively with a cathode of LiFePO4 for lithium-ion batteries and a cathode of Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 for sodium-ion batteries, and supplied as a reliable energy source for electronic uses to evaluate practical applications.
Nationally, Black males are more under-represented in gifted programs than all other groups (United States Department of Education Office of Civil Rights, Civil rights data collection. Author, Washington, DC, 2006, 2009); at no time in the history of gifted education can data be found to indicate otherwise (Ford in Multicultural gifted education. Waco, Prufrock Press, 2011a). Before, during, and after segregated schools became unconstitutional, a prolific scholar challenged educators to respond to the severe and pervasive under-representation of Black students in gifted education. This article illustrates how E. Paul Torrance was an upstander (Grantham in Roeper Rev 33:263–272, 2011) who confronted the crisis of under-identified talent among Black students which was, in part, due to narrow race- and class-based conceptions of intelligence. Specifically, this article calls attention to how Torrance valued different types of intelligence and used his scholarship to highlight Black male students’ creative gifts. Using Torrance’s body of work as a guide, implications for research, policy and praxis on creativity from an equity and social justice perspective will be discussed.
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations affecting UBE3A function. AS is characterized by intellectual disability, impaired motor coordination, epilepsy, and behavioral abnormalities including autism spectrum disorder features. The development of treatments for AS heavily relies on the ability to test the efficacy of drugs in mouse models that show reliable, and preferably clinically relevant, phenotypes. We previously described a number of behavioral paradigms that assess phenotypes in the domains of motor performance, repetitive behavior, anxiety, and seizure susceptibility. Here, we set out to evaluate the robustness of these phenotypes when tested in a standardized test battery. We then used this behavioral test battery to assess the efficacy of minocycline and levodopa, which were recently tested in clinical trials of AS.
Production of printable enzymatic power sources was scaled up from laboratory to roll-to-roll (R2R) pilot production. The anode and cathode enzymes were glucose oxidase (GOx) and laccase, respectively. The best laboratory-scale cells had a maximum power and energy density of 1.4 ± 0.1 µW cm−2 and 5.5 ± 0.2 µWh cm−2, respectively. These values are 5 and 28 times higher compared to our previously published values. The R2R-produced cells had a maximum power and energy density of 0.40 ± 0.03 µW cm−2 and 0.6 ± 0.1 µWh cm−2, respectively. This is 11 % of the best laboratory manufactured cells. It is suspected that the decrease in electrochemical performance originates from the lower mediator amount and higher drying temperature than that of the laboratory produced cells. However, the trials conducted in this work showed that printed enzymatic active layers can be fabricated and dried with a rotary screen-printing machine in R2R process. Hence, fully printed GOx//laccase power sources could be produced from R2R on a large scale for printed electronics applications.
While cognitive behavioral approaches have been shown to help some individuals with schizophrenia, these approaches may be limited when working with patients with impairments in the metacognitive abilities required to form complex and integrated representations of themselves and others. In response, this paper explores the possibility that a key to working with patients with relatively impaired self-reflectivity lies in explicitly focusing on a patient’s intersubjective experience within psychotherapy. We offer theoretical and empirical support for the assertion that the tolerance and capacity for intersubjectivity is a basis for the development of self-reflectivity in general. We also explore how the fostering of intersubjective processes in psychotherapy might enable some patients to form more complex ideas about themselves and so better ward off delusions in the face of the challenges of daily life. To illustrate these principles we present the case of a patient with tenaciously held delusions and limited capacity for self-reflection. We discuss when and how the therapist’s awareness and verbalization of intersubjective processes within session allowed her and the patient to develop more complex and consensually valid ideas about him as a being in the world, which then assisted the patient to achieve improvements in a number of domains in his life.
No prior studies have examined systematic bias in the musculoskeletal physical examination. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of bias due to prior knowledge of lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging findings (MRI) on perceived diagnostic accuracy of the physical examination for lumbar radiculopathy.
Nigeria is one of the most populated black nation in the world with a population of about 170 million. Over the years, potable water source which is one of the basic essential requirements for healthy living has been challenging due to inadequate controlled anthropogenic activities and by lesser extent natural conditions. This paper reviews the various potable water sources, heavy metal concentration, and its associated health effects in Nigeria. The study found that surface water such as stream, river, lake; ground water including borehole and hand-dug well; rain water; and packaged water such as bottled and sachet are the major source of potable water. The dominant heavy metals found in potable water include iron, zinc, copper, chromium, lead, and manganese. The concentration of heavy metals like mercury, lead, cadmium, iron, cobalt, manganese, chromium, nickel, zinc, and copper often exceed the maximum permissible limit recommended by standard organization of Nigeria and World Health Organization. The concentration of heavy metals fluctuates in most states/geographical coverage depending on the type of potable water sources. To a large extent, industrialization causes heavy metals concentration to exceed the permissible limits. The high concentration reported in most locations could cause various disease conditions depending on the type of metal and level of exposure. This study also suggest possible treatment and mitigating measures to avoid such harmful effects.
This study describes the spatial distribution pattern of Lu. longipalpis abundance in Posadas-Garupá, Argentina, where four cases of human Visceral Leishmaniasis had been recorded. A total of 2428 Lu. longipalpis were captured in 42% of the 305 sites sampled with CDC light traps, its abundance shows spatial autocorrelation ranging up to 590m (semivariogram model), with six downtown ‘islands’ of vector highest abundance (≥60 individuals). A significant association between Lu. longipalpis and the presence of chickens was observed (odds ratio 3.26). The best stepwise multiple regression using Generalized Linear Models explained 31% of the deviance for Lu. longipalpis abundance, including as explanatory variables: (a) negatively: households with ‘lack of building material and with economic deprivation’, (b) positively: surface covered by trees and bushes at 50 meters of the house, and households without electrical lighting. In conclusion, Lu. longipalpis in a recent settled focus of visceral leishmaniasis was urbanized with a highly heterogeneous spatial distribution within the cities, with the vectors concentrated in limited ‘islands’ of high abundance, in the downtown relatively more affluent and dense populated areas, but also more heterogeneous with patches that had higher tree coverage and poor urban services. These results once validated will contribute to the control strategy design through risk maps, in order to prioritize areas for prevention and control, and setting the appropriate scale for intervention.
Starter batteries have to withstand a quite large temperature range. In Europe, the battery temperature can be −30°C in winter and may even exceed +60°C in summer. In most modern cars, there is not much space left in the engine compartment to install the battery. So the mean battery temperature may be higher than it was some decades ago. In some car models, the battery is located in the passenger or luggage compartment, where ambient temperatures are more moderate. Temperature effects are discussed in detail. The consequences of high heat impact into the lead-acid battery may vary for different battery technologies: While grid corrosion is often a dominant factor for flooded lead-acid batteries, water loss may be an additional influence factor for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries. A model was set up that considers external and internal parameters to estimate the water loss of AGM batteries. Even under hot climate conditions, AGM batteries were found to be highly durable and superior to flooded batteries in many cases. Considering the real battery temperature for adjustment of charging voltage, negative effects can be reduced. Especially in micro-hybrid applications, AGM batteries cope with additional requirements much better than flooded batteries, and show less sensitivity to high temperatures than suspected sometimes.
This functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study examined subjective and neural responses to social exclusion in adolescents (age 12–15) who either had a stable accepted (n = 27; 14 males) or a chronic rejected (n = 19; 12 males) status among peers from age 6 to 12. Both groups of adolescents reported similar increases in distress after being excluded in a virtual ball-tossing game (Cyberball), but adolescents with a history of chronic peer rejection showed higher activity in brain regions previously linked to the detection of, and the distress caused by, social exclusion. Specifically, compared with stably accepted adolescents, chronically rejected adolescents displayed: 1) higher activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) during social exclusion and 2) higher activity in the dACC and anterior prefrontal cortex when they were incidentally excluded in a social interaction in which they were overall included. These findings demonstrate that chronic childhood peer rejection is associated with heightened neural responses to social exclusion during adolescence, which has implications for understanding the processes through which peer rejection may lead to adverse effects on mental health over time.
Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon composite material was synthesized by a promising sol–gel route based on citric acid using V2O5 powder as a vanadium source. Citric acid acts not only as a chelating reagent but also as a carbon source, which enhance the conductivity of the composite material and hinder the growth of Li3V2(PO4)3 particles. The structure and morphology of the sample were characterized by TG, XRD and TEM measurements. XRD results reveal that Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon was successfully synthesized and has a monoclinic structure with space group P21/n. TEM images show Li3V2(PO4)3 particles are about 45nm in diameter embeded in carbon networks. Galvanostatic charge/discharge and cyclic voltammetry measurements were used to study its electrochemical behaviors which indicate the reversibility of the lithium extraction/insertion processes. Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon performed in a voltage window (3.0–4.8V) exhibits higher discharge capacity, better cycling stability and its discharge capacity maintains about 167.6mAh/g at a current density of 28mA/g after 50 cycles.
Thermally triggered autonomic shutdown of a Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is demonstrated using polydopamine (PDA)-coated polyethylene microspheres applied onto a battery anode. The microspheres are dispersed in a buffered 10 mM dopamine salt solution and the pH is raised to initiate the polymerization and coat the microspheres. Coated microspheres are then mixed with an aqueous binder, applied onto a battery anode surface, dried, and incorporated into Li-ion coin cells. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy are used to verify the presence of the polydopamine on the surface of the microspheres. Scanning electron microscopy is used to examine microsphere surface morphology and resulting anode coating quality. Charge and discharge capacity, as well as impedance, are measured for Li-ion coin cells as a function of microsphere content. Autonomous shutdown is achieved by applying 1.7 mg cm−2 of PDA-coated microspheres to the electrode. The PDA coating significantly reduces the mass of microspheres for effective shutdown compared to our prior work with uncoated microspheres.
Large-scale low-cost preparation methods for high quality graphene are critical for advancing graphene-based applications in energy storage, and beyond. Here, we present a sulfur-assisted method that converts benzene rings of tetraphenyltin into high purity crystalline graphene. Specifically, three dimensional few layer graphene microspheres (FLGMs) were prepared which proved ideal for energy storage applications. For a potassium ion battery, the FLGM-based anodes exhibited a low discharge platform (average discharge platform about 0.1 V), a high initial capacity of 285 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1, and a high rate performance (252 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and 95 mA h g−1 at 1000 mA g−1). Additionally, the FLGM-based anodes exhibited excellent cycling stability with no capacity loss after 1000 cycles at 200 mA g−1. A process of this nature which does not require substrates, and is scalable for continuous or semi-continuous production of graphene, paves the way for graphene-based energy storage devices.
Persistent pain is a common but undesirable outcome of breast cancer surgery. With the increasing popularity of breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer, researchers have recently directed attention to the prevalence of intractable pain due to reconstructive surgery. However, available studies that examine factors associated with the development of postreconstruction pain are limited to clinical investigations that have been descriptive, retrospective, or cross-sectional in their study design. There is obvious clinical value identifying presurgical factors that are associated with increased risk for the onset of chronic pain after breast reconstruction surgery. This prospective study examined the effect of presurgical psychological distress and somatic preoccupation in predicting persistent pain after postmastectomy reconstructive surgery. Two hundred and ninety-five women seeking reconstruction at the time of mastectomy or delayed from prior mastectomy served as the subject pool. Surgical intervention included either expander/implant or autologous tissue reconstruction. Before surgery, subjects completed psychological inventories to assess levels of affective distress, somatization, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and somatic anxiety/preoccupation. At 1- and 2-year follow-up, subjects rated the degree to which they experienced problems with breast pain, abdominal pain, and back pain. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that affective distress, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and somatization held significant association with abdominal and back pain at both 1- and 2-year follow-up. For breast pain, all the psychological measures predicted more severe pain at 1 year, but none retained significant association at year 2. Somatic anxiety had more variable relation to pain complaints. These data highlight pain morbidity as a potential negative outcome of breast reconstruction and the significant influence of affective distress and somatic preoccupation in the development of postreconstruction chronic pain. These data support continued investigation into the role of presurgical psychological screening and intervention for women seeking reconstructive surgery.
Electrochemical properties of polymer gel electrolytes based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were studied by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy using new solid-state PMMA–Cd–Cd2+ reference electrode. The suitable potential window of the PC–PMMA system was estimated from –0.2 to+1.5V versus Cd–Cd2+. New polymer gels containing ferrocene–ferricinium (Fc–Fc+) couple and other transition metal complexes were prepared by the direct polymerisation of methylmethacrylate (MMA) monomer and the solution of metal complex and supporting electrolyte in anhydrous aprotic solvent—propylene carbonate (PC). The half-wave potentials and apparent diffusion coefficients of used complexes and their dependence on the composition of the system (liquid or gel) were estimated. Time dependent electrochemical measurements showed almost three order decrease of the diffusion coefficients of ferrocene (Fc) and ferricinium (Fc+) cation from 6×10−5 to 2×10−9 cm2 s−1 during the polymerisation from the liquid to the polymer state. The results show that the PC–PMMA gel electrolyte can be described as a system of embedded solvent in the polymer network of PMMA without present monomer.