batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
Condition monitoring for batteries involves tracking changes in physical parameters and operational states such as state of health (SOH) and state of charge (SOC), and is fundamentally important for building high-performance and safety-critical battery systems. A model-based condition monitoring strategy is developed in this paper for Lithium-ion batteries on the basis of an electrical circuit model incorporating hysteresis effect. It systematically integrates 1) a fast upper-triangular and diagonal recursive least squares algorithm for parameter identification of the battery model, 2) a smooth variable structure filter for the SOC estimation, and 3) a recursive total least squares algorithm for estimating the maximum capacity, which indicates the SOH. The proposed solution enjoys advantages including high accuracy, low computational cost, and simple implementation, and therefore is suitable for deployment and use in real-time embedded battery management systems (BMSs). Simulations and experiments validate effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
In this paper, a novel online technique for the state of health monitoring of supercapacitors energy storage systems is presented. It is based on measuring the equivalent series resistance of the energy storage element representing its aging. The suggested approach uses a suitable balancing circuit connected to the terminal of the storage element in order to extract its actual parameters. This new method is characterized by its simplicity which makes it convenient for industrial applications. A test bench is developed in order to prove the new method’s reliability and accuracy. Experimental results taken from the test bench and from an offline classical laboratory characterization method shows that the differences between both responses do not exceed 7%.
The formation of self-organized porous titania is achieved by electrochemical anodization under a potentiostatic regime. Anodic titanium oxide (ATO) was fabricated by a three-step self-organized anodization of the Ti foil in an ethylene glycol electrolyte containing 0.38wt% of NH4F and 1.79wt% of H2O. Anodizing was carried out at the constant cell potential ranging from 30 to 70V at the temperature of 20°C. It was found that nanoporous TiO2 arrays can be obtain only after a short duration of the third step (10min). The influence of anodizing potential on the structural parameters of porous anodic titania including pore diameter, interpore distance, wall thickness, porosity and pore density was extensively studied. The linear dependencies between interpore distance, pore diameter and wall thickness upon the anodizing potential were found. The regularity of pore arrangement was monitored qualitatively by fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) of top-view FE-SEM images. It was found that the best arrangement of nanopores is observed at 40V. This finding was confirmed by the analysis of pore circularity. The highest circularity of pores was observed once again at 40V.
To deploy Li-ion batteries for large scale application, it is essential to develop durable electrodes with high power and energy density. Here, we demonstrate that ultralong SrLi2Ti6O14 nanowires anode materials synthesized by a simple electrospinning technique are capable of excellent high-rate performance with long stability. The SrLi2Ti6O14 nanowires composed of single-crystalline nanoparticles possess the features of “nano-bead-chain” architecture. Used as anode material for lithium ions batteries, the novel SrLi2Ti6O14 nanowires exhibits a high reversible capacity of 171.4mAhg−1 at 0.1C and retains 96.2mAhg−1 even at high rate of 20C. In addition, the capacity is able to stabilize at 101mAhg−1 after 1000 cycles, corresponding to 0.0086% capacity fading per cycle. Importantly, the Li-storage mechanism of Li2SrTi6O14 was revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). The greatly improved electrochemical performance arises from the favorable kinetics properties stemming from unique nanoparticle-in-nanowire one-dimensional architecture.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a significant reduction in AcetylCholinesterase and an increase in ButyrylCholinesterase (BuChE) activity. The existence of polymorphic regions on the BuChE gene has been previously described; the most frequently found polymorphism is the so-called K variant, which leads to a 30% decreased enzymatic activity. Different studies reported a positive association between K variant and AD, strongest among late-onset AD and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 carriers. We analyzed APOE and BuChE polymorphisms in 167 AD and 59 fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) patients compared with 129 healthy controls (HC). We reported a significantly lower frequency of the BuChE K variant  in AD compared with HC and FTD and a significant increased frequency of the K variant in FTD. These results are in agreement with the known increase of the BuChE activity in AD and support the evidence of different molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of AD and FTD.
This study investigated the temporal activation of arginase in obese Zucker rats (ZR) and determined if arginase inhibition prevents the development of hypertension and improves insulin resistance in these animals. Arginase activity, plasma arginine and nitric oxide (NO) concentration, blood pressure, and insulin resistance were measured in lean and obese animals. There was a chronological increase in vascular and plasma arginase activity in obese ZR beginning at 8 weeks of age. The increase in arginase activity in obese animals was associated with a decrease in insulin sensitivity and circulating levels of arginine and NO. The rise in arginase activity also preceded the increase in blood pressure in obese ZR detected at 12 weeks of age. Chronic treatment of 8-week-old obese animals with an arginase inhibitor or
A novel ball-milled graphite/Mn3O4 composite has been prepared directly through the reaction between high-energy ball-milled graphite and potassium permanganate under microwave irradiation. The microstructure and morphology of the composite have been investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Three-electrode investigations show that the ball-milled graphite/Mn3O4 composite has a high potential window (ΔE =1.9V) in 1M Na2SO4 aqueous solution. A symmetric electrochemical capacitor has been built using graphite/Mn3O4 composite with 1M Na2SO4. This system exhibits ideal supercapacitive properties and stable cycle behavior while the cell voltage is set to as high as 1.8V.
Evaluating the quality of service (QS) provided by water companies is essential to benchmark and regulate them. Composite indicators (CIs) are a useful tool for this as they consist of aggregated multiple performance indicators in a single index, providing a holistic assessment of the QS of water companies. In this study, the novel ‘benefit of doubt’ methodology was used in order to evaluate the QS of a sample of Chilean water companies, by computing CIs that integrate both direct and reverse indicators. Moreover, the estimation of the Nerlove–Luenberger super-efficiency CI allowed for the ranking of water companies based on their QS. Results showed that, on average, Chilean water companies provide water and sewerage services with high quality, as the mean CI of the QS estimated was 0.93. Nevertheless, the QS of 2 of the 24 water companies evaluated stood out remarkably. The second-stage analysis conducted revealed that the ownership and peak factor of water companies and water consumed by customers affects the QS of water companies. The methodological approach followed in this study to evaluate the QS of water companies would be very useful for water regulators, as the CI computed integrates both desirable and undesirable outputs.
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a signal regulated transcription factor that has best been characterised as regulating the xenobiotic response to a variety of planar aromatic hydrocarbons. There is compelling evidence that it mediates most, if not all, of the toxic effects of dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin). Dioxin exposure results in a wide variety of toxic outcomes including severe wasting syndrome, chloracne, thymic involution, severe immune suppression, reduced fertility, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, tumour promotion and death. The pleiotropy of toxic outcomes implies the disruption of a wide range of normal physiological functions. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor has developmentally restricted expression as well as developmental defects in gene-targeted mice. It has a wide range of target genes that do not fit into the classical xenobiotic metabolising gene battery and has recently been shown to interact with NF-kappa B and the estrogen receptor. There is also evidence for its activation in the absence of exogenous ligand, all of which point to various roles outside xenobiotic metabolism. Ligands so far identified display differential activation potential with respect to receptor activity. This article addresses activities of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor that are outside the xenobiotic response. Known physiological roles are discussed as well as how their disruption contributes to the pleiotropic toxicity of TCDD.
A physics-based single particle model was used to simulate the life cycling data of a lithium ion cell. The simulation indicates that there are probably three stages of capacity fade in a lithium ion cell used at low rates. In the first stage, lithium ions are lost to a film formation reaction (e.g. SEI formation) and, consequently, the cathode becomes less intercalated during cycling. In the second stage, the loss of active cathode material outpaces the loss of lithium ions and the cathode gradually becomes more intercalated at the end of discharge. The anode is the limiting electrode in stages one and two and the change in the anode voltage causes the cell to reach end of discharge voltage. In the third stage, the limiting electrode shifts from the anode to the cathode, and the anode becomes increasingly less discharged at the end of discharge. Thus, more and more “cyclable” lithium ions are left inside the anode, which causes additional capacity fade.
Novel 3D ZnSb nanowire balls composed of ultra-thin nanowires were achieved through simple self-assembly method based on typical thermodynamics in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system. The elliptic cylinder-shaped nanowires with cross-section size of ∼25nm×∼10nm display impressive performance in sodium-ion battery (SIB) application as anode material. Comparing to pure Sb, ZnSb is advantageous in resisting huge volume change and possess enhanced conductivity, which would do much better to offer a long-time cycling stability and rate performance. Such a small size of the low dimensional structures can further improve the electron/ion transfer efficiency. Through systematic measurements, we found that, at 20mA/g, the capacity remains 377mAh/g after the 100th cycle with the coulombic efficiency at ∼99%. Even if the current density increased to 750mA/g, the value was still higher than 225mAh/g. The half-cell device also provides a rapid response and stable output in the rate tests (20–650mA/g). The good performance originates from the unique structural configuration, implying the huge potential value of ZnSb in SIB application. We hope the results also can expand the Sb based anode material family.
Nanoporous metals offer an open nanostructured network with a very high specific area and nanoporous templates can be used in many applications from energy storage and catalysis to sensors. One way to produce nanoporous (noble) metal templates is the dealloying approach starting from an alloy based on elements of different reactivities. In this work, co-electrodeposition of CuZn alloys is performed with triethanolamine (TEA) as a complexing agent to produce CuZn precursor films for further dealloying. To investigate the phenomena of electrodeposition, the electrochemical behavior of a copper substrate is compared to an ITO substrate in different NaOH electrolytes, with and without metal salt or additive. Cyclic voltammetry shows that a passivating layer forms on a copper substrate but is of lower stability in the presence of TEA. Potentiostatic electrodeposition from copper sulfate and zinc sulfate with TEA leads to Zn-rich γ-brass coatings. Nanoporous structuration is obtained after chemical dealloying of the electrodeposited alloy coatings. The dealloying process induces an increase of the electrochemically active surface area by a factor 25. The nanoscale structuration is confirmed by FIB-SEM.
Multi-layer thin films of LiMn2O4/SrRuO3 have been epitaxially grown on SrTiO3 (111) substrates using a pulsed laser deposition method. The multi-layer electrodes show excellent electrochemical properties due to introduction of an electronic conducting buffer layer between the lithium cathode film and semiconducting substrate. Moreover, the electrochemical characteristics of the lithium cathode materials are strongly dependent on the electronic contact. Thus, the epitaxially grown electrodes can be used as ideal crystalline models to obtain information about the lattice plane, surface roughness, and thickness of electrodes. This information can be used to elucidate the reaction mechanisms of lithium batteries.
The electrochemical synthesis of conducting polymers (polythiophene and polypyrrole) within cylindrical pores in membranes as a template was carried out in a supercritical fluid such as supercritical trifluoromethane (scCHF3). The use of the special properties of the fluid such as higher diffusivility and lower viscosity enabled the effective monomer transport into the nanoporous template and the nanoprecise filling with the polymers. The height of the polymer nanowires electropolymerized in scCHF3 was appreciably uniform compared with that deposited in a liquid medium like an acetonitrile solution and the height was found to be correlated exactly with the deposition time. The diffusivility of media used for the electrodeposition also affected on strength and structures of the cylindrical-shaped polymer materials obtained by dissolving the membranes in NaOH aqueous solution. The highly aligned polymer nanowire arrays prepared by the present method showed better electrochemical behaviors compared to nanowires obtained in the acetonitrile electrolytic solution.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and its analogs have a number of neurobiological functions and therapeutic uses in disorders of the central nervous system. In this study, the newly synthesized TRH analogs were evaluated for central nervous system activity in pentobarbital-induced sleeping in mice. The most potent TRH analog (l-pGlu-(2-propyl)–l-His–l-ProNH2 coded as NP-647) was evaluated for its antiepileptic potential in various seizure models in mice in comparison with TRH. Intravenous pretreatment with NP-647 (10 and 20μmol/kg body wt) significantly delayed the onset and reduced the frequency of convulsions in the pentylenetetrazole model, but not in the maximum electroshock seizure model. Also, it was found to be protective against picrotoxin- and kainic acid-induced seizures. However, NP-647 did not significantly affect theophylline-induced seizures. Further study of the effect of NP-647 on locomotor activity and a functional observational battery revealed that it did not significantly exhibit any undesirable effects as compared with vehicle and TRH. NP-647 did not significantly affect cerebral blood flow, whereas the native peptide TRH markedly increased cerebral blood flow. Furthermore, NP-647 exerted antiepileptic activity without significantly altering plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and mean arterial blood pressure. This suggests that NP-647 is more selective for central nervous system activity and devoid of hormonal and cerebrovascular system effects. In contrast, TRH exhibited cardiac and endocrine effects as marked by significant elevation in mean arterial blood pressure and plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. This study demonstrates that NP-647 has potential antiepileptic activity devoid of undesirable effects and, thus, can be exploited for the prevention and treatment of epilepsy.
Chevron Energy Solutions is collaborating with Energy Conversion Devices to broaden the commercial application of flexible solar electric roofing materials and high-performance nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries, as well as hydrogen storage systems and fuel cell technologies.
Publisher Summary The aim of this chapter is to elucidate remotely operated system (ROV) design. The communication and control of underwater vehicles is a complex issue. This chapter begins with addressing the focus these issues: power source for the vehicle, degree of autonomy, and communications linkage to the vehicle. It then moves to the discussion of autonomy, with description of an aircraft analogy and then the vehicle in its water environment. The chapter addresses the most critical areas of ROV design and operational considerations by investigating the premise that vehicle geometry does not affect the motive performance of an ROV nearly as much as the dimensions of the tether. ROV systems are a trade-off of a number of factors, including cost, size, deployment resources, and operational requirement. But the tether design can help create, or destroy, the perfect ROV.
During the operation of vanadium redox flow battery, the vanadium ions diffuse across the membrane as a result of concentration gradients between the two half-cells in the stack, leading to self-discharge reactions in both half-cells that will release heat to the electrolyte and subsequently increase the electrolyte temperature. In order to avoid possible thermal precipitation in the electrolyte solution and prevent possible overheating of the cell components, the electrolyte temperature needs to be known. In this study, the effect of the self-discharge reactions was incorporated into a thermal model based on energy and mass balances, developed for the purpose of electrolyte temperature control. Simulations results have shown that the proposed model can be used to investigate the thermal effect of the self-discharge reactions on both continuous charge–discharge cycling and during standby periods, and can help optimize battery designs and fabrication for different applications.
The extensive use of flexible and portable electronic devices stimulates the search for the low-cost and flexible electrodes. Herein, chemically-modified stainless steel mesh derived hematite is used as a cost-effective flexible substrate-free anode in lithium ion battery and supercapacitor. This flexible substrate-free electrode exhibits higher potential because it could show excellent contact between active material and current collector during various electrochemical tests. The stainless steel mesh derived hematite also exhibits excellent electrochemical properties, which can be enhanced by further nitridation to achieve optimum storage performance. Thus, this work provides new insight into the development of the cost-effective, scaled up, flexible, substrate-free and multifunctional electrodes.
Organic energy storage materials attract extensive attention as a potential alternative for the next generation of lithium ion batteries. However, most of the reported organic electrodes can not achieve a good balance among high capacity, high rate and long cycle-life. In this work, pyromellitic anhydride is adopted as a new anode material for lithium-ion batteries. It exhibits superior electrochemical performances compared to most of the reported organic electrodes. The pyromellitic anhydride anode is able to reversibly deliver a capacity of 1472.2 mAh g−1 at 30 mA g−1. Even at an extremely high current of 30 A g−1, the electrode still retains 562.7 mAh g−1. After a 500 electrochemical cycles at 150 mA g−1 charge and 600 mA g−1 discharge, almost no capacity loss can be observed. The good electrochemical performance of the pyromellitic anhydride anode is because of its excellent lithium conductivity capability, as well as the stable solid electrolyte interface film formed on the electrode.
We fabricated the cylindrical hybrid supercapacitors using the pristine H2Ti12O25, carbon coated H2Ti12O25, AlPO4 coated H2Ti12O25, AlPO4-carbon hybrid coated H2Ti12O25, and AlPO4-carbon dual coated H2Ti12O25 as anodes. The electrochemical performances and thermal stability of the hybrid supercapacitors with different surface-modified anodes were investigated. The uniform and ultrathin dual coated H2Ti12O25 maximizes the electrochemical performances with superior thermal stability. The dual coating layer acts as a bridge for the Li ion diffusion and electron conduction and as a barrier to suppress swelling phenomenon from HF attack. Moreover, the partially AlF3 areas at AlPO4 layer, due to the reaction with HF, have positive effects on electrochemical performances. Therefore, the novel design composed of carbon and AlPO4 can be regarded as an effective strategy for anode used in hybrid supercapacitors.
We present an electrochemical study of BiSbO4, an opened layered oxide having a structure related to Aurivillius phases. Li//BiSbO4 cells show a large specific capacity as high as 1250mAhg−1 during reduction down to 0.5V. This reaction involves 18Li atoms per formula unit, pointing it towards a very promising cathode material for primary lithium batteries, in particular for ICD devices. The characterization of the reduction products indicates that the reduction of BiSbO4 with lithium presumably goes along firstly with the formation of metallic Sb and Bi to follow the formation of the alloys Li3Bi and Li3Sb dispersed in a lithium oxide matrix. In situ X-ray diffraction experiments proved the amorphous nature of both metals and final alloys. On the other hand when Li//BiSbO4 cells are limited to discharge down to 1.2V, BiSbO4 reacts with 5Li atoms. After the first discharge, that develops a specific capacity of 350mAhg−1, high cyclability has been observed.
Lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries are promising candidates for high-performance energy storage systems because of their tremendous energy density, which significantly exceeds that of conventional Li–ion batteries. Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) is considered an effective catalyst for non-aqueous Li-O2 batteries owing to its excellent oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reaction activity. However, low electrical conductivity and agglomeration of Co3O4 can degrade the electrochemical performance properties. We present a facile method of synthesizing porous carbon/Co3O4 composites derived from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) via post-thermal treatment for use as the cathode in rechargeable Li–O2 batteries. Use of cobalt-containing MOFs as a sacrificial template produces uniformly distributed Co3O4 nanoparticles in the carbonaceous matrix, alleviating the problems of using only Co3O4 as the cathode material. As-synthesized porous carbon/Co3O4 composites show superior electrochemical performance, for example, a low overpotential and high reversible capacity of about 9850mAhg−1 at a current density of 100mAg−1. They also exhibit excellent cyclability up to the 320th cycle, with a limited capacity of 500mAhg−1 at a current density of 200mAg−1. The improvement is attributed to the catalytic activity and mesoporous structure of uniformly distributed Co3O4 nanoparticles in the carbonaceous matrix.
The movement of evidence-based practices (EBPs) into routine clinical usage is not spontaneous, but requires focused efforts. The field of implementation science has developed to facilitate the spread of EBPs, including both psychosocial and medical interventions for mental and physical health concerns.