batterydata/paper-abstracts huggingface dataset:
WEEE has become a global focus because of its environmental pollution and human health risk and the valuable resources contained. China’s ban on solid waste imports reconstructs the global WEEE flow, leading to a more complicated situation for global WEEE recycling that asks for innovative development. The advanced development of the Internet opens new doors to WEEE collection-the first step of recycling, O2O (integrating online platform and offline collection) development strategies are adopted by many companies in China. The exploration of the new model and experiences of WEEE collection in China can provide lessons for other countries. In this study, we decode the business model of three typical cases in China using Business Model Canvas, and discuss and summarize the types, structure characteristics, operating mechanisms and effects of O2O WEEE collection model. The results show that: there are three typical types of O2O WEEE collection model in China, first one derived from internet corporate, second one derived from recycling corporate and third one served as a third-party platform. To ensure the fluency and sustaining of information flow, material flow, and fund flow, O2O WEEE collection model builds information support platforms with user-friendly interfaces, various distribution channels, and accurate pricing systems. To operate the business smoothly, attractive participation mechanism, cooperation mechanism, and multi-level profit mechanism have been constructed. The O2O WEEE collection model enjoys popularity in the capital market and customers for reducing the transaction costs, expanding the collection scope and scale and contributing to efficient and effective WEEE recycling.
The geometric and electronic structure of Li15Si4 is studied as the full-lithiated phase of Si anode by first principle calculations within the framework of the density functional theory. The results reveal that the volume change of Si host after Li-intercalation is 269.3%. Besides, the Si host shows metallic properties with the Fermi level crossing the partial-occupied bands after Li intercalation and the chemical bands of Li–Si are found to be polar covalence with some ionicity caused by the partial electron transfer from Li to Si atoms. Further, the deterioration factor of Si anode is analyzed theoretically to be the flaking of active Si off the current collector, which is in agreement with the experimental knowledge. The average intercalation voltage is also calculated to be 0.304V which is close to the experimental value 0.1–0.2V. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the theoretical quantum computations could be a meaningful tool in the research field of Si-based anode.
Williams RM, Turner AP, Orendurff M, Segal AD, Klute GK, Pecoraro J, Czerniecki J. Does having a computerized prosthetic knee influence cognitive performance during amputee walking? Objective To compare objective cognitive performance and perception of cognitive burden during walking tasks using 2 different prosthetic knees: a computerized hydraulic knee (Otto Bock C-leg) and a noncomputerized hydraulic knee (Ossur Mauch SNS). Design Two-group crossover trial, with participants randomly assigned to order of prosthesis. Participants completed assessments under 2 conditions, a self-selected speed walk and a controlled speed walk, on 2 separate occasions (precrossover, postcrossover). Setting Veterans Health Administration hospital. Participants Eight transfemoral amputees. Intervention Computerized versus noncomputerized prosthetic knee. Main Outcome Measures Objective cognitive performance measures included verbal fluency (Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Category Test), attention and working memory (serial subtraction), and walking speed during cognitive tasks. Measures of perceived cognitive burden included subjective attentional requirements of walking and cognitive tasks and subjective general cognitive burden of prosthesis. Results There were no significant differences in objective cognitive performance on any task between prostheses, nor did walking speed vary by prosthesis during the free-speed walk. Participants reported that walking required less attention while wearing the C-leg and that the C-leg was less of a cognitive burden than the noncomputerized prosthesis. Conclusions In nondemanding walking conditions with experienced amputees, participants reported that the more costly C-leg required less cognitive attention than the noncomputerized knee. However, this subjective experience did not translate to improved performance on neuropsychologic screening instruments or on walking speed. Noncomputerized prostheses may be adequate for a majority of amputees, and further research is needed to identify particular groups of amputees (ie, new amputees, amputees with complex physical or cognitive demands) who may benefit from computerized prostheses.
Rational design of electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries with high flexibility is still challenging. Here, superelastic 3D few-layer MoS2/carbon framework heterogeneous electrodes (abbreviated as, MoS2@CF) are fabricated by a simple vacuum infiltration and heating process. The interconnected ultrathin MoS2 network filled with carbon framework forms a 3D heterogeneous network with hierarchical pore structure. The unique structure of the electrodes results in excellent mechanical and electrochemical performances. The MoS2@CF electrodes exhibit superior elasticity and recoverability. After 180° bending repeatedly, the electrodes still can recover their initial sizes. Moreover, the electrodes show outstanding cycling stabilities with high reversible capacities reaching up 240 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1 (capacity retention of ~ 99%). Full-cells assembled with MoS2@CF anodes and Na3V2(PO4)3 cathodes show high reversible capacity (~ 252 mA h g−1 at 0.5 A g−1). Overall, the superior mechanical properties and high electrochemical performances indicate the promising potential of MoS2@CF electrodes in large-scale flexible sodium-ion storage devices.
Social cognition (SC) and neuro-cognition (NC) have emerged as predictors of functional outcome and possible endophenotype-markers in schizophrenia. The distinctiveness of these two domains is not well established. Factor analysis is used to identify distinct cognitive dimensions. This paper aims to systematically review studies reporting factor analysis of SC and NC in schizophrenia to provide empirical evidence for (a) distinctiveness of SC and NC; and (b) factor structure of SC. The review comprised 20 studies. Most of the studies were cross-sectional, involving variably defined ‘stable’ schizophrenia patients, using objective assessments of SC and NC. A quality check on reporting practices of factor analytic studies showed important deficiencies in reporting both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. There was fairly consistent evidence for the existence of distinct SC and NC factors, with eight out of nine studies supporting this separateness of the two cognitive dimensions. The results were inconsistent regarding factor structure of SC. Unitary, binary and multi-factorial constructs were reported, possibly due to variability and lack of comprehensiveness of the SC measures used. This review highlights distinctiveness of SC and NC dimensions in schizophrenia. It thus provides construct validity for cognition in schizophrenia and offers clues regarding the potential neural processes underlying these cognitive dimensions. Future studies exploring the factor structure of SC should be guided by more careful theoretical work and use comprehensive measures of SC in large homogeneous samples of schizophrenia patients.
Lithium transport through the Li1−δ CoO2 film electrode prepared by RF magnetron sputtering was investigated in a 1 M solution of LiClO4 in propylene carbonate using the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the potentiostatic current transient technique. The experimental cathodic and anodic current transients in the presence of a single phase Li1−δ CoO2 did not follow Cottrell behaviour, but Ohmic behaviour. This means the relationship between the initial current level and the potential step obeys Ohm's law. In addition, the current transients obtained in the case of coexistence of two phases α and β were characterised by a flatter shape, as compared to those transients in the presence of the respective α and β phases. Also, during phase transformation, the instantaneous current level was proportional to the potential step, in compliance with Ohm's law. From these results, it was suggested that the flux of lithium ion at the electrode∣electrolyte interface during lithium transport is limited purely by the ‘cell-impedance’, not only in the presence of a single phase, but also when the two phases coexist. The value of the ‘cell-impedance’ calculated from the current transient was almost equal to the values obtained from the impedance spectra and the galvanostatic discharge curve. The current transients were modelled under the assumption of the ‘cell-impedance-controlled’ lithium intercalation and deintercalation. The current transients calculated theoretically coincided well in value and shape with those measured experimentally.
To meet the requirements of high-power products (ex. electric scooters, hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles and robots), high-energy safe lithium-ion batteries need to be developed in the future. This research will focus on the microstructures and electrochemical properties of olivine-type LiFePO4 cathode materials. The morphologies of LiFePO4/C composite materials show spherical-type particles and have good carbon conductive networks. From the TEM bright field image and EELS mapping, the LiFePO4/C powder shows continuous, dispersive nano-carbon network. These structures will improve electron transfer and lithium-ion diffusion for LiFePO4 cathode materials, and increase their conductivity from 10−9 Scm−1 to 10−3 Scm−1. The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/C cathode material in this work demonstrated high rate capability (≥12C) and long cycle life (≥700 cycles at a 3C discharge rate).
The use of cholinergic drugs, either alone or in combination with other drugs, has been suggested as an approach to improve treatment outcome for patients suffering from neuropathic pain. The present study was undertaken in the rat spared nerve injury model of neuropathic pain to evaluate the effect of the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil when administered (1) alone and (2) as low-dose in combination with the first-line recommendation gabapentin. The co-administration studies were performed following single and multiple dosing. Single, parenteral dosing of donepezil (1, 1.5 and 3 mg/kg s.c.) produced a dose-dependent reversal of the neuropathic pain behaviour. Co-administration of a sub-effective dose of donepezil (0.5 mg/kg s.c.) and low doses of gabapentin (10 and 30 mg/kg s.c.) resulted in a three- to fourfold increase of the analgesic effect, in comparison with gabapentin administered alone. Following multiple, oral dosing, gabapentin (25 mg/kg p.o.) was administered once daily over 20 days. Addition of donepezil (1.5 mg/kg p.o.) from day 11 to day 20 resulted in improved analgesia during the period of combination therapy, in comparison with the gabapentin monotherapy period. Furthermore, the treatment effects were stable in both the mono- and the combination therapy period, indicating that tolerance development does not occur within the studied time frame. In conclusion, the results from this preclinical study support the use of donepezil as adjunctive to gabapentin to improve the therapeutic outcome in the management of neuropathic pain.
Electrochromical properties of anodic self-assembled nanotubes were investigated. It was found that amorphous titania nanotubes were able to insert H+ ions in a highly reversible manner. Coloration of the TiO2 nanotubes occurred at potentials below −0.5V vs. Ag/AgCl in 1M (NH4)2SO4 aqueous solution. The proton insertion reaction probably leads to the formation of a Ti3+/Ti4+ solid solution in the amorphous titania electrode, as was shown by the analysis of the derivative curve. The nanotubular titania electrode shows reasonable color efficiency when compared with other electrochromic materials and it is a promising candidate for the fabrication of low-cost interdigitated electrochromic devices.
The emergence of anger as an important predictor of chronic pain outcomes suggests that treatments that target anger may be particularly useful within the context of chronic pain. Eastern traditions prescribe compassion cultivation to treat persistent anger. Compassion cultivation has been shown to influence emotional processing and reduce negativity bias in the contexts of emotional and physical discomfort, thus suggesting it may be beneficial as a dual treatment for pain and anger. Our objective was to conduct a pilot study of a 9-week group compassion cultivation intervention in chronic pain to examine its effect on pain severity, anger, pain acceptance and pain-related interference. We also aimed to describe observer ratings provided by patients’ significant others and secondary effects of the intervention.
Measuring academic educational quality presents three major difficulties, typical of all customer satisfaction and service quality studies: the use of subjective scales; the ordinal nature of the data; and the multifold structure of satisfaction. In order to solve these problems, principal component analysis (PCA) of compositional data is proposed in this work. The core idea behind this methodology is to analyze by PCA the relative information within the data rather than focusing on absolute scores. This approach is discussed in comparison with a widely used Item Response Theory method (the Partial Credit Model) in order to assess its merits, e.g. always identifying a coherent preference structure. Both procedures were, thus, carried out on a real dataset collected with the 2013/14 ANVUR questionnaire by L’Universitá di Napoli-L’Orientale.
We first report the fabrication of all one dimensional (1D) active materials based Li-ion power packs using conversion type anode (α-Fe2O3). Electrospining procedure has been used to prepare all the 1D nanostructures. Half-cell studies are performed with metallic Li to ascertain the electrochemical activity of the individual components. In order to overcome irreversible capacity loss (ICL) in α-Fe2O3, the high voltage cathode has been over lithiated electrochemically (Li1.33Ni0.5Mn1.5O4) prior to the full-cell assembly. The combined advantages of 1D nanostructure and a new over lithiation concept certainly provides the less amount of active material loading to mitigate ICL. On the other hand, all based cell Li1.33Ni0.5Mn1.5O4/1M LiPF6 gelled PVdF-HFP/α-Fe2O3 delivered an energy density of ∼193Whkg−1 with working potential of ∼3.27V and rendered ∼88% of initial reversible capacity after 60 cycles.
Background: It has been suggested that psycho-social factors may be crucial in the development of climacteric symptoms. Material and methods: In order to evaluate the effect of psycho-social and biological factors on menopausal symptoms, Greene (climacterical symptoms), Cooper (psychosomatic symptoms of stress), Smilkstein (family dysfunction), Duke-UNC (social support) and Israel (life events) tests were passed to 300 Chilean women between 40 and 59 years of age. Data were evaluated with ANOVA, χ 2 and logistic regression using the Epi-info package. Results: Perimenopausal women had a significant increase in stress and climacteric symptoms; however comparing with pre and postmenopausal women, tests for life events, family dysfunction or social support did not show any differences. A history of premenstrual syndrome was the main risk predictor f or climacteric symptoms (OR: 3.6, IC: 1.5–8.5; P<0.03), followed by perimenopausal state (OR: 2.9, IC: 1.4–6.0; P<0.001) and negative life events (OR: 2.3, IC: 1.0–5.3; P<0.05). The psycho-social factors were predictors for anxiety and depression; on the other hand, perimenopausal state was a risk factor for somatic and vasomotor symptoms. During premenopause, women with regular cycles and vasomotor symptoms have more psychological symptoms and stress. Conclusion: Climacteric symptoms that appear in the perimenopause are more intense in those women who have a biological predisposition such as premenstrual syndrome and are modulated by psycho-social factors.
This study aims to investigate experimentally the effect of electrochemical deposition of CaCO3 on linear and girth growth, survival and skeletal structure of Porites cylindrica Dana. Transplanted coral nubbins were subjected to up to 18 V and 4.16 A of direct current underwater to induce the precipitation of dissolved minerals. Naturally growing colonies showed a significant increase in percentage longitudinal growth over the treated and untreated corals. Survival followed a similar trend as the growth rate. Lowest survival rates were found in the untreated nubbins. Phenotypic alterations were observed in the treated nubbins where the basal corallites decreased in size with a concomitant increase in their number per unit area. This was probably due to increased mineral concentration (such as Ca2+, Na−, Mg2+, CO3 2−, Cl−, OH− and HCO3 −) at the basal region of the nubbins. These alterations were accompanied by a significant increase in girth growth rates of the treated nubbins at their basal regions. The abundance of mineral ions at the basal region thus appeared to be utilized by the numerous small polyps for a lateral increase in size of the nubbins instead of a longitudinal increase.
A new aqueous TiO2/Ni(OH)2 rechargeable battery system with a high voltage, consisting of α-phase nickel hydroxides as the cathode and TiO2 nanotube arrays as the anode, is proposed for the first time. It is a feasible strategy to combine two different reaction mechanisms in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte: proton and lithium insertion/extraction reactions.
The study examined changes in visual attention in schizophrenia following training with a social-cognitive remediation package designed to improve facial emotion recognition (the Micro-Expression Training Tool; METT). Forty out-patients with schizophrenia were randomly allocated to active training (METT; n =26), or repeated exposure (RE; n =14); all completed an emotion recognition task with concurrent eye movement recording. Emotion recognition accuracy was significantly improved in the METT group, and this effect was maintained after one week. Immediately following training, the METT group directed more eye movements within feature areas of faces (i.e., eyes, nose, mouth) compared to the RE group. The number of fixations directed to feature areas of faces was positively associated with emotion recognition accuracy prior to training. After one week, the differences between METT and RE groups in viewing feature areas of faces were reduced to trends. However, within group analyses of the METT group revealed significantly increased number of fixations to, and dwell time within, feature areas following training which were maintained after one week. These results provide the first evidence that improvements in emotion recognition following METT training are associated with changes in visual attention to the feature areas of emotional faces. These findings support the contribution of visual attention abnormalities to emotion recognition impairment in schizophrenia, and suggest that one mechanism for improving emotion recognition involves re-directing visual attention to relevant features of emotional faces.
Ce atom is employed to partially substitute V site in Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) crystal structure to improve its bulk phase characteristic. The effect of Ce substitution on the crystal structure, morphology, electrochemical performance and kinetic property of NVP is investigated based on rational design and synthesis optimization. The results indicates that the moderate Ce substitution in the NVP crystal can effectively enhance the bulk phase electronic conductivity and Na+ mobility, which excludes the carbon coating effect for the first time. And Na3V1.96Ce0.04(PO4)3/C shows the best electrochemical performances among the Na3V2-xCex(PO4)3/C (x=0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.1) samples. It delivers a discharge capacity of 118mAhg−1 at 0.2C and more than 100mAhg−1 even at 40C, which is currently the highest level by metallic ion doping. After 100 cycles, the capacity retention of Na3V1.96Ce0.04(PO4)3/C keeps higher than 99% at 10C. The outstanding performance of the moderate Ce-doping sample is verified further by the electrochemical performance test of the samples with high mass loading, which is highly beneficial to industrial applications of Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode for high performance sodium ion batteries.
Fluorinated ether of ethyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether (ETFE) was selected as electrolyte solvent for lithium/sulfur battery, and the influence of ETFE in electrolyte on cell properties was first investigated. The enhanced stability of electrolyte/anode interface and improved electrochemical performances (cycling, rate and self-discharging) of the Li/S cell are presented by using ETFE-containing electrolyte, especially for complete replacement of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) by ETFE in combine with 1,3-dioxolane (DOL). It is found that ETFE plays a key role in modifying the surface composition and structure of the metallic Li, forming a strengthened protective film on the anode during cycling. Besides, ETFE is considered to decrease the dissolution of polysulfides in the electrolyte. These factors together restrict the contact and reaction between polysulfides and Li anode.
The impact induced penetration of liquid electrolyte and porous polymer separator can lead to the internal short-circuit of Li-ion batteries (LIBs), resulting in the fire and explosion. Here in this work, an electrochemically stable shear thickening electrolyte was developed to improve the safety of LIBs. The electrolyte was formulated by integration of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) modified glass fibers fillers and regular liquid electrolyte. The formulated electrolyte exhibited shear thickening behavior with the filler volume fraction greater than ∼28%. The transient behaviors of the shear thickening electrolyte under external impact with speed of 1.1–79 m/s (2.5–177 mph) were recorded with a high-speed camera and an instant increase of electrolyte viscosity upon large shear force was evidenced. The impact resistant electrolyte was further evaluated in the half-cell and full-cell LIBs. The cells exhibited excellent cyclability with a capacity retention of 95.2% after 500 cycles for Li-LFP (lithium metal anode and lithium iron phosphate cathode) half cells and 94.4% after 100 cycles for LTO-LFP (lithium titanate anode and lithium iron phosphate cathode) full cells. The results indicated that this impact resistant electrolyte has excellent electrochemical stability and is compatibility with commercial LTO and LFP electrode materials.
Mechanical tests are a commonly used method for evaluating the safety performance of batteries. The mechanical blunt rod testing method, as well as sharp nail penetration, was performed on commercially available cells. Evaluation was carried out on different cell constructions as well as varying test conditions. Results obtained at ambient conditions were found to differ little from traditional sharp nail penetration testing. When tested at elevated temperatures it was observed that the results became heavily dependent upon the internal construction of the cell. Computed Tomography (CT) imaging confirmed this, showing differences in behavior depending on whether or not a solid core was used in the cylindrical cell construction. Pouch cells were tested as well, showing that a full penetration of the cell was necessary to initiate a failure event within the cell.