Corynebacterium

Corynebacterium, Gram-pozitif ve aerobik bir bakteri cinsi. Bunlar basildir (çubuk şeklinde) ve yaşamın bazı evrelerinde, cins ismine ilham veren sopa şeklindeler (coryneform "sopa şeklindeki" anlamına gelir).Doğada hayvanların mikrobiyotasında (insan mikrobiyotası da dahil) yaygın olarak dağılırlar ve çoğunlukla zararsızdırlar, yaygın olarak konakçıları ile kommensal ilişkilerde bulunurlar.  Bazıları, C. glutamicum  gibi, endüstriyel ortamlarda yararlıdır.  Diğerleri ise, C. diphtheriae' nin difteriye  sebep olduğu gibi insan hastalıklarına neden olabilir. Çeşitli mikrobiyota türlerinde olduğu gibi (Arcanobacterium ve Trueperella cinsindeki kuzenleri de dahil olmak üzere), bunlar genellikle patojen değildir, ancak zaman zaman fırsatçı olarak dokulara atipik erişimden (yaralar yoluyla) veya zayıflamış konukçu savunma sistemlerinden yararlanabilirler .Corynebacterium cinsi, 1896'da Lehmann ve Neumann tarafından difteri oluşumuna neden olan bakteri çubuklarını içeren bir taksonomik grup olarak yaratılmıştır vemorfolojik özelliklerine göre tanımlandı.A. Khamis, D. Raoult, B. La Scola. 2004. rpoB gene sequencing for identification of Corynebacterium species. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 42(9):3925–3931.A. Poetsch, U. Haußmann, A. Burkovski. 2011. Proteomics of corynebacteria: From biotechnology workhorses to pathogens. Proteomics 2011(11):3244–3255. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201000786D. Goldenberger et al. 2014. Extended characterization of Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens based on clinical strains from Canada and Switzerland. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 52(9), 3180–3183.E. Hacker et al. 2015. Colonization of human epithelial cell lines by Corynebacterium ulcerans from human and animal sources. [Internet].  Microbiology (United Kingdom). 161(8):1582–1591. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000121K. A. Bernard, C. Munro, D. Wiebe, E. Ongsanso. 2002., Characteristics of rare or recently described Corynebacterium species recovered from human clinical material in Canada. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 40(11):4375–4381.M. Bittel, S. Gastiger, B. Amin, J. Hofmann, A. Burkovski. 2018. Surface and Extracellular Proteome of the Emerging Pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans. Proteomes. 6(2):18. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/proteomes6020018M. Ventura et al. 2007. Genomics of Actinobacteria: Tracing the Evolutionary History of an Ancient Phylum. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 71(3):495-548.N. Hansmeier, T. C. Chao, J. Kalinowski, A. Pühler, A. Tauch. 2006. Mapping and comprehensive analysis of the extracellular and cell surface proteome of the human pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae. [Internet] Proteomics 2006(6):2465–2476. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200500360P. Riegel, R. Ruimy, R. Christen, H. Monteil. 1996. Species identities and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Corynebacteria isolated from various clinical sources. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 15(8), 657–662.Riegel P, Ruimy R, Christen R, Monteil H. 1996. Species identities and antimicrobial susceptibilities of corynebacteria isolated from various clinical sources. [Internet] European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology. 15(8):657-62. Available from: https://search.proquest.com/docview/78481820?accountid=10355V. Carfora et al. 2018. Non-toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans sequence types 325 and 339 isolated from two dogs with ulcerative lesions in Italy. [Internet] Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation.  30(3):447–450. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1040638718764786Y. Nishio et al. 2007. Evolutionary process of amino acid biosynthesis in Corynebacterium at the whole genome level. [Internet]. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 21(9):1683–1691. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msh175