Multics

Multics ("Multiplexed Information and Computing Service") eskiden kullanılmış aynı anda birkaç işlem yapabilen (time-sharing) işletim sistemi idi. Proje 1964 yılında Cambridge, Massachusetts'de başlamıştır. Son çalışan işletim sistemi ise 30 Ekim 2000'de Kanada Ulusal Savunma Departmanı'nda kullanılmış ve daha sonra kapatılmıştır.Literatürde Multics hakkında birçok belge ve çeşitli bileşen vardır.; Multics hakkında bir belge listesi  ve bilgilendirici belgeler aşağıda gösterilmiştir.F. J. Corbató, V. A. Vyssotsky, Introduction and Overview of the Multics System {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709025836/http://www.multicians.org/fjcc1.html |tarih=9 Temmuz 2011 }}  (AFIPS 1965)Elliott I. Organick, The Multics System: An Examination of Its Structure (MIT Press, 1972) is the standard work on the system, although it documents an early version, and some features described therein never appeared in the actual system.V. A. Vyssotsky, F. J. Corbató, R. M. Graham, Structure of the Multics Supervisor (AFIPS 1965) describes the basic internal structure of the Multics kernel.R. C. Daley, P. G. Neumann, A General Purpose File System for Secondary Storage {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002191947/https://www.multicians.org/fjcc4.html |tarih=2 Ekim 2019 }}A. Bensoussan, C. T. Clingen, R. C. Daley, The Multics Virtual Memory: Concepts and Design {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118014733/http://www.multicians.org/multics-vm.html |tarih=18 Ocak 2010 }}, (ACM SOSP, 1969)Paul Green, Multics Virtual Memory - Tutorial and Reflections {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010305133541/http://ftp.stratus.com/pub/vos/multics/pg/mvm.html |tarih=5 Mart 2001 }}Roger R. Schell, Dynamic Reconfiguration in a Modular Computer System  (MIT Project MAC, 1971) describes the reconfiguration mechanisms.Paul A. Karger, Roger R. Schell, Multics Security Evaluation: Vulnerability Analysis {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709024412/http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/history/karg74.pdf |tarih=9 Temmuz 2011 }} (Air Force Electronic Systems Division, 1974) describes the classic attacks on Multics security by a "tiger team".Jerome H. Saltzer, Michael D. Schroeder, The Protection of Information in Computer Systems {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709033025/http://cap-lore.com/CapTheory/ProtInf/ |tarih=9 Temmuz 2011 }} (Proceedings of the IEEE, September 1975) describes the fundamentals behind the first round of security upgrades; another classic paper.M. D. Schroeder, D. D. Clark, J. H. Saltzer, D. H. Wells. Final Report of the Multics Kernel Design Project (MIT LCS, 1978)Paul A. Karger, Roger R. Schell, Thirty Years Later: Lessons from the Multics Security Evaluation (IBM, 2002)Multics papers online{{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030094546/https://www.multicians.org/ |tarih=30 Ekim 2019 }}Multics glossary {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703005035/http://www.multicians.org/mga.html |tarih=3 Temmuz 2018 }}Unix and Multics {{|url=https://www.webcitation.org/69iMMYfZj?url=http://www.multicians.org/unix.html |tarih=6 Ağustos 2012 }}Multics general info and FAQ {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512145425/https://www.multicians.org/general.html |tarih=12 Mayıs 2019 }}Multics repository at Stratus Computer {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080709061147/http://ftp.stratus.com/pub/vos/multics/multics.html |tarih=9 Temmuz 2008 }}Various scanned Multics manuals {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110621053748/http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/honeywell/multics/ |tarih=21 Haziran 2011 }}