Question: Hut 8 was a section in the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park (the British World War II codebreaking station) tasked with solving German naval (Kriegsmarine) Enigma messages, the section was led initially by who, which was an English computer scientist, mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher and theoretical biologist?

Context paragraphs:
Hut 6: Hut 6 was a wartime section of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, Buckinghamshire, Britain, tasked with the solution of German Army and Air Force Enigma machine cyphers.  Hut 8, by contrast, attacked Naval Enigma.  Hut 6 was established at the initiative of Gordon Welchman, and was run initially by Welchman and fellow Cambridge mathematician John Jeffreys.

Hut 7: Hut 7 was a wartime section of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park tasked with the solution of Japanese naval codes such as JN4, JN11, JN40, and JN25.  The hut was headed by Hugh Foss who reported to Frank Birch, the head of Bletchley's Naval section.

Hut 8: Hut 8 was a section in the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park (the British World War II codebreaking station) tasked with solving German naval (Kriegsmarine) Enigma messages.  The section was led initially by Alan Turing.  He was succeeded in November 1942 by his deputy, Hugh Alexander.  Patrick Mahon succeeded Alexander in September 1944.

Turingery: Turingery or Turing's Method (playfully dubbed Turingismus by Peter Ericsson, Peter Hilton and Donald Michie) was a hand codebreaking method devised in July 1942 by the mathematician and cryptanalyst Alan Turing at the British Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park during World War II.  It was for use in cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher produced by the SZ40 and SZ42 teleprinter rotor stream cipher machines, one of the Germans' "Geheimschreiber" (secret writer) machines.  The British codenamed non-Morse traffic "Fish", and that from this machine "Tunny".

Alan Turing: Alan Mathison Turing ( ; 23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954) was an English computer scientist, mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher and theoretical biologist.

Hut 4: Hut 4 was a wartime section of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park tasked with the translation, interpretation and distribution of "Kriegsmarine" (German navy) messages deciphered by Hut 8.  The messages were largely encrypted by Enigma machines.  As the Kriegsmarine operated Enigma more securely, Hut 8 had less information for Ultra than Hut 6 which handled Army and Air Force messages.  Hut 4 also broke various hand cyphers and some Italian naval traffic.

Hut 3: Hut 3 was a wartime section of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park tasked with the translation, interpretation and distribution of German Army (Heer) and Air Force (Luftwaffe) messages deciphered by Hut 6.  The messages were largely encrypted by Enigma machines.

Bletchley Park: Bletchley Park was the central site for British codebreakers during World War II.  It housed the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), which regularly penetrated the secret communications of the Axis Powersmost importantly the German Enigma and Lorenz ciphers.  According to the official historian of British Intelligence, the "Ultra" intelligence produced at Bletchley shortened the war by two to four years, and that without it the outcome of the war would have been uncertain.

Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher: Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher was the process that enabled the British to read high-level German army messages during World War II.  The British Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park decrypted many communications between the "Oberkommando der Wehrmacht" (OKW, German High Command) in Berlin and their army commands throughout occupied Europe, some of which were signed "Adolf Hitler, Führer".  These were intercepted non-Morse radio transmissions that had been enciphered by the Lorenz SZ teleprinter rotor stream cipher attachments.  Decrypts of this traffic became an important source of "Ultra" intelligence, which contributed significantly to Allied victory.

Heath Robinson (codebreaking machine): Heath Robinson was a machine used by British codebreakers at the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park during World War II in Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher.  This achieved the decryption of messages in the German teleprinter cipher produced by the Lorenz SZ40/42 in-line cipher machine.  Both the cipher and the machines were called "Tunny" by the codebreakers, who named different German teleprinter ciphers after fish.  It was mainly an electro-mechanical machine, containing no more than a couple of dozen valves (vacuum tubes), and was the predecessor to the electronic Colossus computer.  It was dubbed "Heath Robinson" by the Wrens who operated it, after cartoonist William Heath Robinson, who drew immensely complicated mechanical devices for simple tasks, similar to (and somewhat predating) Rube Goldberg in the USA.

Supporting paragraphs: Hut 8 Alan Turing
Answer: Alan Turing