Question: What businessman and scientist proposed computational irreducibility?

Context paragraphs:
Chandrajit Bajaj: Chandrajit Bajaj (born 1958 in Calcutta, India) is an American computer scientist.  He is a Professor of Computer science at the University of Texas at Austin holding the Computational Applied Mathematics Chair in Visualization and is the director of the Computational Visualization Center, in the Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences (ICES).

Stephen Wolfram: Stephen Wolfram (born 29 August 1959) is a British-American computer scientist, physicist, and businessman.  He is known for his work in computer science, mathematics, and in theoretical physics.  He is the author of the book "A New Kind of Science."  In 2012 he was named an inaugural fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

Qiang Du: Qiang Du, (Chinese: 杜强), Fu Foundation Professor of Applied Mathematics at Columbia University, is a mathematician and computational scientist.  Prior to moving to Columbia, he was the Verne M. Willaman Professor of Mathematics at Pennsylvania State University affiliated with the Pennsylvania State University Department of Mathematics and Materials Sciences.  Du was elected a fellow of SIAM on March 29, 2013 for "contributions to applied and computational mathematics with applications in material science, computational geometry, and biology."

Bruce Donald: Bruce Randall Donald (born 1958) is an American computer scientist and computational biologist.  He is the James B. Duke Professor of Computer Science and Biochemistry at Duke University.  He has made numerous contributions to several fields in Computer Science such as robotics, Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS), Geometric & physical algorithms and computational geometry; as well as in areas of Structural Molecular Biology & Biochemistry such as Protein design, Protein Structure Determination and Computational Chemistry.

Computational irreducibility: Computational irreducibility is one of the main ideas proposed by Stephen Wolfram in his book "A New Kind of Science".

John Quackenbush: John Quackenbush (born January 4, 1962) is an American computational biologist and genome scientist.  He is a professor of biostatistics and computational biology and a professor of cancer biology at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), as well as the director of its Center for Cancer Computational Biology (CCCB).  Quackenbush also holds an appointment as a professor of computational biology and bioinformatics in the Department of Biostatistics at the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH).

David Sankoff: David Sankoff (born December 31, 1942) is a Canadian mathematician, bioinformatician, computer scientist and linguist.  He holds the Canada Research Chair in Mathematical Genomics in the Mathematics and Statistics Department at the University of Ottawa, and is cross-appointed to the Biology Department and the School of Information Technology and Engineering.  He was founding editor of the scientific journal "Language Variation and Change" (Cambridge) and serves on the editorial boards of a number of bioinformatics, computational biology and linguistics journals.  Sankoff is best known for his pioneering contributions in computational linguistics and computational genomics.  He is considered to be one of the founders of bioinformatics.  In particular, he had a key role in introducing dynamic programming for sequence alignment and other problems in computational biology.  In Pavel Pevzner's words,

Michael Kearns (computer scientist): Michael Kearns is an American computer scientist, professor and National Center Chair at the University of Pennsylvania, the founding director of Penn's Singh Program in Networked & Social Systems Engineering (NETS), the founding director of Warren Center for Network and Data Sciences , and also holds secondary appointments in Penn's Wharton School and department of Economics.  He is a leading researcher in computational learning theory and algorithmic game theory, and interested in machine learning, artificial intelligence, computational finance, algorithmic trading, computational social science and social networks.

Dimitris Drikakis: Dimitris Drikakis is a Professor of Fluid Mechanics and Computational Science ), a research scientist, and an inventor.  He is currently Executive Dean, Faculty of Engineering at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow.  His research covers a broad range of engineering and applied physics topics, including fluid mechanics, heat transfer, computational fluid dynamics, computational nanoscience, and nanotechnology, with applications to aerospace sciences, mechanical engineering, and applied physics.

Emily A. Carter: Emily A. Carter (born November 28, 1960 in Los Gatos, California) is the Dean of the Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science and the Gerhard R. Andlinger Professor in Energy and the Environment, as well as a Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and the Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics at Princeton University.  She is an associated faculty member in the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, the Department of Chemistry, the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering (PICSciE), the Princeton Environmental Institute (PEI), and the Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM).  She was the Founding Director of the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment from 2010-2016.  Carter is a theorist and computational scientist whose work combines quantum mechanics, solid-state physics, and applied mathematics.

Supporting paragraphs: Computational irreducibility Stephen Wolfram
Answer: Stephen Wolfram