Question: Argyll's Rising was to overthrow what king who was the last Roman Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland?

Context paragraphs:
Frederick I of Denmark: Frederick I (7 October 1471 – 10 April 1533) was the King of Denmark and Norway.  His name is also spelled "Friedrich" in German, "Frederik" in Danish and Norwegian and "Fredrik" in Swedish.  He was the penultimate Roman Catholic monarch to reign over Denmark, when subsequent monarchs embraced Lutheranism after the Protestant Reformation.  As King of Norway, Frederick is most remarkable in never having visited the country and was never being crowned King of Norway.  Therefore he was styled "King of Denmark, the Vends and the Goths, elected King of Norway".

Crown-cardinal: A crown-cardinal (Italian: "cardinale della corona" ) was a cardinal protector of a Roman Catholic nation, nominated or funded by a Catholic monarch to serve as their representative within the College of Cardinals and, on occasion, to exercise the right claimed by some monarchs to veto a candidate for election to the papacy.  More generally, the term may refer to any cardinal significant as a secular statesman or elevated at the request of a monarch.

Protestant Revolution (Maryland): The Protestant Revolution of 1689, sometimes called "Coode's Rebellion" after one of its leaders, John Coode, took place in the Province of Maryland when Puritans, by then a substantial majority in the colony, revolted against the proprietary government led by the Roman Catholic Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore.  The rebellion followed the "Glorious Revolution" in England of 1688, which saw the Protestant Monarchs William III and Mary II, replace the English, Catholic monarch, King James II.  The Lords Baltimore lost control of their proprietary colony, and for the next 25 years, Maryland would be ruled directly by the British Crown.  The Protestant Revolution also saw the effective end of Maryland's early experiments with religious toleration, as Catholicism was outlawed, and Roman Catholics forbidden from holding public office.  Religious toleration would not be restored in Maryland until after the American Revolution.

Mariano Rampolla: Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro (17 August 1843 – 16 December 1913) was an Italian Cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, and the last man to have his candidacy for papal election vetoed by a Catholic monarch.

List of Roman Catholic dioceses in Great Britain: The Roman Catholic dioceses in Great Britain are organised by two separate hierarchies: the Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales, and the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland.  Within Great Britain, the Roman Catholic Church of England and Wales has five provinces, subdivided into 22 dioceses, and the Roman Catholic Church of Scotland has two provinces, subdivided into 6 dioceses.  The Roman Catholic dioceses in Northern Ireland are organised together with those in the Republic of Ireland, as the Church in Ireland was not divided when civil authority in Ireland was partitioned in the 1920s.

Reginald Pole: Reginald Pole (12 March 1500 – 17 November 1558) was an English cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury, holding the office from 1556 to 1558, during the Counter Reformation.

Richard Nykke: Richard Nykke (or Nix or Nick; c. 1447–1535) was bishop of Norwich, the last Roman Catholic to hold the post before the Henrician reform.  Described as "ultra-conservative", but also "much-respected", he maintained an independent line and was embroiled in conflict until blind and in his last years.  He is often called the last Catholic bishop of the diocese, but that title is also claimed by John Hopton, bishop under Mary I of England.  Norwich at this time was the second-largest conurbation in England, after London.

Last Roman Emperor: Last Roman Emperor or Last World Emperor is a figure of medieval European legend, which developed as an aspect of eschatology in the Catholic Church.  The legend predicts that in the end times, a last emperor would appear on earth to reestablish the Holy Roman Empire and assume his function as biblical katechon who stalls the coming of the Antichrist.  The legend first appears in the 7th-century apocalyptic text known as the "Apocalypse of Pseudo-Methodius", and developed over the centuries, becoming particularly prominent in the 15th century.  The notion of Great Catholic Monarch is related to it, as is the notion of the Angelic Pope.

James II of England: James II and VII (14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701) was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685 until he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688.  He was the last Roman Catholic monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland.

Argyll's Rising: Argyll's Rising or Argyll's Rebellion was a 1685 attempt by a group of largely Scottish exiles, led by Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll, to overthrow King James II and VII.  It took place shortly before and in support of the Monmouth Rebellion, led by James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth.  Argyll's Rising was intended to tie down Royal forces in Scotland while Monmouth's army marched on London.  Both rebellions were backed by Protestants opposed to the kingship of James, a Roman Catholic.

Supporting paragraphs: Argyll's Rising James II of England
Answer: James II and VII