Question: Joseph Legros, often also spelt Le Gros, was a French singer and composer of the 18th century, he is best remembered for his association with which composer of Italian and French opera in the early classical period?

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Grosvenor (surname): Grosvenor ( ) is a surname derived from Hugh Le Grand Veneur, a member of a Norman French family that aided William the Conqueror in 1066.  "Le Grand Veneur" literally means "the Master Huntsman" in French, an elevated title in William's 11th century French court.  Initially, Hugh was called Hugh Lupus.  Lupus was portly, and his townsmen gradually changed the appellation from "Le Grand Veneur", "the Master Huntsman," to "Le Gros Veneur", "the Fat Huntsman", and Hugh wore the epithet with pride.

Bartholomew le Gros: Bartholomew le Gros or Bartholomew Grossus (Hungarian: "Gros Bertalan pécsi püspök" ) was a prelate of French origin in the Kingdom of Hungary in the 13th century.  He left his homeland for Hungary in the retinue of Yolanda de Courtenay, queen of Andrew II of Hungary in 1216 or 1217.  Bartholomew was bishop of Pécs between 1219 and 1251, but he spent a significant part of this period on diplomatic missions.  He returned to his family estates in 1247 and resigned from the bishopric some year before his death around 1254.

Christoph Willibald Gluck: Christoph Willibald (Ritter von) Gluck (] ; 2 July 1714 – 15 November 1787) was a composer of Italian and French opera in the early classical period.  Born in the Upper Palatinate (now part of Germany) and raised in Bohemia, he gained prominence at the Habsburg court at Vienna, where he brought about the practical reform of opera's dramaturgical practices that many intellectuals had been campaigning for over the years.  With a series of radical new works in the 1760s, among them "Orfeo ed Euridice" and "Alceste", he broke the stranglehold that Metastasian "opera seria" had enjoyed for much of the century.

Joseph Legros: Joseph Legros, often also spelt Le Gros, (7 September or 8 September 1739 – 20 December 1793) was a French singer and composer of the 18th century.  He is best remembered for his association with the composer Christoph Willibald Gluck and is usually regarded as the most prominent "haute-contre" of his generation, though his acting is reputed to have been mediocre.

Edme Lesauvage: Edme Lesauvage (also spelt Le Sauvage)(23 October 1778 – 10 December 1852), was a French naturalist and physician in Caen.  He wrote numerous papers on medical subjects as well as on natural history.  His main interest was in palaeontology and especially the fossils of Calcaires de Caen.

Group of temples at Talakad, Karnataka: The Group of temples at Talakad, located about 45 km south-east of the culturally important city of Mysore in the Karnataka state of India are ancient Hindu temples built by multiple South Indian dynasties.  Archaeological excavations of the sand dunes at Talakad (or Talakadu) have shown the existence of several ruined temples built during the rule of the Western Ganga dynasty (c.345-999).  However, according to historian I. K. Sarma, only two temples, the Pataleshvara (also spelt Patalesvara) and Maraleshvara (also spelt Maralesvara), built during the reign of King Rachamalla Satyavakya IV (r.975-986) are intact.  According to the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), the Vaidyeshvara temple (also spelt Vaidyesvara), the largest, the most intact and ornate of the group bears Ganga-Chola-Hoysala architectural features.  Its consecration is assignable to the 10th century with improvements made up to the 14th century.  According to the art historian Adam Hardy, the Kirtinarayana temple (also spelt Keertinarayana) was built in 1117 A.D. by the famous Hoysala King Vishnuvardhana to celebrate his victory over the Cholas in the battle of Talakad.  It has currently been dismantled by the ASI for renovation.  Only its "mahadwara" ("grand entrance") is intact.  The Sand dunes of Talakad are protected by the Karnataka state division of the ASI.  The Vaidyeshvara and Kirtinarayana temples are protected as monuments of national importance by the central Archaeological Survey of India.

Sonata form: Sonata form (also "sonata-allegro form" or "first movement form") is a musical structure consisting of three main sections: an exposition, a development, and a recapitulation.  It has been used widely since the middle of the 18th century (the early Classical period).

Pierre Le Gros the Younger: Pierre Le Gros (12 April 1666 – 3 May 1719) was a French sculptor, active almost exclusively in Baroque Rome.  Nowadays, his name is commonly written Legros, while he himself always signed as Le Gros; he is frequently referred to either as 'the Younger' or 'Pierre II' to distinguish him from his father, Pierre Le Gros the Elder, who was also a sculptor.  The "ardent drama" of his work and its Italian location make him more an Italian, than a French, sculptor.  Despite being virtually unknown to the general public today, he was the pre-eminent sculptor in Rome for nearly two decades, until he was finally superseded at the end of his life by the more classicizing Camillo Rusconi.

Mannheim school: Mannheim school refers to both the orchestral techniques pioneered by the court orchestra of Mannheim in the latter half of the 18th century as well as the group of composers of the early classical period, who composed for the orchestra of Mannheim.  The father of the school is considered to be the Bohemian composer Johann Stamitz.  Besides him, two generations of composers wrote compositions for the orchestra, whose reputation was due to its excellent discipline and the individual skill of its players; their performance style included new dynamic elements, crescendos and diminuendos.  Composers of the Mannheim school played an important role in the development of the classical period's genres and of the classical symphony form.

List of French haute-contre roles: The following list includes most of the roles which were created by the leading French "hautes-contre" of the 17th and 18th centuries, or at least those to be found in operas by the major composers of the same period.  The table was compiled by collating data from the sources listed at the bottom of the page, either printed or online, and makes no pretence at being exhaustive.  Rather, its purpose is to provide an outline of a significant period in French operatic singing: it extends chronologically from Bernard Clédière to Joseph Legros.

Supporting paragraphs: Joseph Legros Christoph Willibald Gluck
Answer: Christoph Willibald (Ritter von) Gluck