Question: The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future is a 2012 book by Joseph Eugene Stiglitz that deals with income inequality in the United States, an American economist and a professor at where?

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Income inequality in Denmark: Denmark has been noted as having one of the lowest income inequality ratings in the world and has been known to maintain relative stability in this metric throughout decades past.  The OECD data of 2016 gives Denmark a Gini coefficient of 0.249, below the OECD average of 0.315.  The OECD in 2013 ranked Denmark with having a 0.254 Gini coefficient, ranking third behind Iceland and Norway respectively as the countries with the lowest income inequality qualifications.  The Gini coefficients are measured using a 0–1 calibration where 0 equals complete equality and 1 equals complete inequality.  "Wage-distributive outcomes" and their effect on income equality have been noted since the 1970s and 80s.  Denmark, along with other Nordic countries, such as Finland and Sweden, has long held a stable low wage inequality index as well.  The scope and strength of Denmark's redistributive system and the latitude of the welfare state are the reasons for Denmark's low levels of inequality.  The welfare system, in particular, allows for negligible effects that market income inequality can have on "disposable income inequality (i.e. market income after taxes and transfers)".  The rise in income inequality all over the world, though, has not shielded Denmark and has seen its inequality increase in the same rate as all the other OECD countries, pairing Denmark with the likes of the United States and Canada with their pace in inequality intensification.  The global course towards rising income inequality in the rich world and in Denmark has been attributed to an increase in capital incomes, a rising gap in "earnings dispersion", and structural changes that have taken place within households; the long-term propellant of inequality, though, has been skill-biased technical change.  Rising inequality in Denmark can be illustrated by how the boon of GDP growth has gone to households of higher incomes, though the income distribution has been relatively equitably discharged throughout the country from the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s.

J. Barkley Rosser Jr.: John Barkley Rosser Jr. (born 12 April 1948) is a mathematical economist and Professor of Economics at James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia since 1988.  He is known for work in nonlinear economic dynamics, including applications in economics of catastrophe theory, chaos theory, and complexity theory (complex dynamics, complexity economics).  With Marina V. Rosser he invented the concept of the "new traditional economy".  He introduced into economic discourse the concepts of chaotic bubbles, chaotic hysteresis (op.  cit., p. 326), and econochemistry.  He also invented the concepts of the megacorpstate and hypercyclic morphogenesis.  He was the first to provide a mathematical model of the period of financial distress in a speculative bubble.  With Marina V. Rosser and Ehsan Ahmed, he was the first to argue for a two-way positive link between income inequality (economic inequality) and the size of an underground economy in a nation.  Rosser's equation has been used to forecast ratios of future Social Security benefits to current ones in real terms.

Income inequality in the United States: Income inequality in the United States has increased significantly since the 1970s after several decades of stability, meaning the share of the nation's income received by higher income households has increased.  This trend is evident with income measured both before taxes (market income) as well as after taxes and transfer payments. Income inequality has fluctuated considerably since measurements began around 1915, moving in an arc between peaks in the 1920s and 2000s, with a 30-year period of relatively lower inequality between 1950–1980.

Russell Sage Foundation: The Russell Sage Foundation is an American philanthropic foundation that primarily funds research relating to income inequality.  Located in New York City, it is a research center and a funding source for studies by scholars at other academic and research institutions.  The foundation also publishes, under its own imprint, the books that derive from the work of its grantees and visiting scholars.  The foundation focuses on labor markets, immigration and ethnicity, and social inequality in the United States, as well as behavioral economics.

Thomas Hyclak: Thomas Hyclak (born August 4, 1947) is an American Economist and Economics Professor.  He has acted as the chair of the economics department of Lehigh University of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania (where he has taught since 1979) and is now the Interim Dean of their business school.  Most of his research has to do with labor studies, urban-regional economics, and wage studies.  He is currently studying labor aspects of the transition to a market economy in Poland.  He has published numerous academic papers on regional unemployment, wage and income inequality, gender and racial wage differentials and human resource management practices.  Notably, he is the author of “” as well as the textbook “Fundamentals Of Labor Economics,” also written by Geraint Johnes and Robert J. Thornton.  Tom Hyclak earned his B.A. and M.A. from Cleveland State University and his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame.  He also serves as a member of the Allentown Urban Observatory and the Board of Directors of the Community Action Development Corporation of Bethlehem, which fosters entrepreneurship and business development in South Bethlehem.

Polarization (economics): Economists refer to the polarization of the labor force when middle-class jobs—requiring a moderate level of skills, like autoworkers’ jobs—seem to disappear relative to those at the bottom, requiring few skills, and those at the top, requiring greater skill levels.  The structure of job opportunities in the United States has sharply polarized over the past two decades, with expanding job opportunities in both high-skill, high-wage occupations and low-skill, low wage occupations, coupled with contracting opportunities in middle-wage, middle-skill white-collar and blue-collar jobs.  Although this has contributed to the rise of income inequality in the U.S. it is a minor factor compared to the relatively rapid rise in income and wealth by the top 1%.  Although income and wealth inequality are uniquely American phenomena.  of the past decades in industrialized countries, employment and economic polarization is widespread across industrialized economies; it is not a uniquely American phenomenon.  Over the past decades, wage gains were also polarized, with modest gains at the extremes and smaller gains in the middle.  A good description of polarization in Great Britain is one of the first uses the term, economic polarization.

Joseph Stiglitz: Joseph Eugene Stiglitz ( ; born February 9, 1943) is an American economist and a professor at Columbia University.  He is a recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (2001) and the John Bates Clark Medal (1979).  He is a former senior vice president and chief economist of the World Bank and is a former member and chairman of the (US president's) Council of Economic Advisers.  He is known for his support of Georgist public finance theory and for his critical view of the management of globalization, of "laissez-faire" economists (whom he calls "free market fundamentalists"), and of international institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.

Inequality for All: Inequality for All is a 2013 documentary film directed by Jacob Kornbluth.  The film examines widening income inequality in the United States.  The film is presented by American economist, author and professor Robert Reich, and is based on his 2010 book "Aftershock: The Next Economy and America's Future".  The film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival in the Documentary Competition section, and won a U.S. Documentary Special Jury Award for Achievement in Filmmaking.

The Price of Inequality: The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future is a 2012 book by Joseph Stiglitz that deals with income inequality in the United States.  He attacks the growing wealth disparity and the effects it has on the economy at large.

Causes of income inequality in the United States: Causes of income inequality in the United States describes why changes in the country's income distribution are occurring.  This topic is subject to extensive ongoing research, media attention, and political interest, as it involves how the national income of the country is split among its people at various income levels.

Supporting paragraphs: The Price of Inequality Joseph Stiglitz
Answer: Columbia University