Question: What opera was first performed by Monte Carlo in 1925 and starred operatic tenor Robert Nagy in 1981?

Context paragraphs:
Biology Monte Carlo method: Biology Monte Carlo methods (BioMOCA) have been developed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to simulate ion transport in an electrolyte environment through ion channels or nano-pores embedded in membranes.  It is a 3-D particle-based Monte Carlo simulator for analyzing and studying the ion transport problem in ion channel systems or similar nanopores in wet/biological environments.  The system simulated consists of a protein forming an ion channel (or an artificial nanopores like a Carbon Nano Tube, CNT), with a membrane (i.e. lipid bilayer) that separates two ion baths on either side.  BioMOCA is based on two methodologies, namely the Boltzmann transport Monte Carlo (BTMC) and particle-particle-particle-mesh (PM).  The first one uses Monte Carlo method to solve the Boltzmann equation, while the later splits the electrostatic forces into short-range and long-range components.

Monte Carlo (2011 film): Monte Carlo is a 2011 American romantic comedy film based on "Headhunters" by Jules Bass.  It was directed by Thomas Bezucha.  Denise Di Novi, Alison Greenspan, Nicole Kidman, and Arnon Milchan produced the film for Fox 2000 Pictures and Regency Enterprises.  It began production in Harghita, Romania on May 5, 2010.  "Monte Carlo" stars Selena Gomez, Leighton Meester and Katie Cassidy as three friends posing as wealthy socialites in Monte Carlo, Monaco.  The film was released on July 1, 2011.  It features the song "Who Says" by Selena Gomez & the Scene and numerous songs by British singer Mika.  "Monte Carlo" received mixed to negative reviews from critics, but earned over $39 million on a $20 million budget.  Fox Home Entertainment released "Monte Carlo" on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on October 18, 2011.

Francesco Dominici (operatic tenor): Francesco Dominici (1885–1968) was an Italian operatic tenor particularly admired for his acting in comedic roles.  He made his professional opera debut as Fernando in Donizetti's "La favorite" at the Teatro Donizetti in Bergamo in 1914.  He created the role of Prunier in the original 1917 production of Puccini's "La rondine" at the Grand Théâtre de Monte Carlo, a role which he performed at many other opera houses including the Teatro Comunale di Bologna.  Over the next several years he played mostly leading roles at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome including Rodolfo in Puccini's "La Bohème", Fenton in Verdi's "Falstaff", and the Ernesto in Donizetti's "Don Pasquale".  In the early 1920s he joined the roster at La Scala where he began playing more buffo roles than leading roles.  In 1921, he sang the role of doctor Cajus in Verdi's Falstaff at La Scala and in 1922 was Filipeto in the company's first production of Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari's "I quattro rusteghi".  In 1926 he created the role of Emperor Altoum in the original production of Puccini's "Turandot" at La Scala.  In 1929 he went on tour with La Scala to Germany.  Other roles that Dominici performed at La Scala include David in Wagner's "Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg", Monostatos in Mozart's "The Magic Flute", and the Neipperg in Umberto Giordano's "Madame Sans-Gêne".  In 1931 he moved to Cuba, where he taught music for many years.  Dominici died in Havana in 1968.

Robert Nagy (tenor): Robert Nagy (March 3, 1929 – November 7, 2008) was an American operatic tenor who had a lengthy and fruitful association with the Metropolitan Opera that lasted for three decades.  His association with the Met began when he won the Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions in 1956.  He mostly portrayed comprimario roles at the Met where his most memorable early role was the Messenger in "Aida"; a role he sang 172 times for the company.  He notably sang in the world premieres of two operas by Samuel Barber at the Met: "Vanessa" (1958) and "Antony and Cleopatra" (1966).  He also sang in the company premieres of "Die Frau ohne Schatten" (1966), "Billy Budd" (1978) and "L'enfant et les sortilèges" (1981).  Although Nagy specialized in supporting roles, he also portrayed several leading parts at the Met, among them Florestan in "Fidelio", Herodes in "Salome", and the Drum Major in "Wozzeck'.  He remained on the Met roster through the end of the 1987–88 season, performing 1,187 performances with the Met during his thirty years with the company.

Monte Carlo methods for option pricing: In mathematical finance, a Monte Carlo option model uses Monte Carlo methods to calculate the value of an option with multiple sources of uncertainty or with complicated features.  The first application to option pricing was by Phelim Boyle in 1977 (for European options).  In 1996, M. Broadie and P. Glasserman showed how to price Asian options by Monte Carlo.  In 2001 F. A. Longstaff and E. S. Schwartz developed a practical Monte Carlo method for pricing American-style options.

Monte Carlo: Monte Carlo (] ; French: "Monte-Carlo" , ] , or colloquially "Monte-Carl", ] ; Monégasque: "Monte-Carlu") officially refers to an administrative area of the Principality of Monaco, specifically the ward of Monte Carlo/Spélugues, where the Monte Carlo Casino is located.  Informally the name also refers to a larger district, the Monte Carlo Quarter (corresponding to the former municipality of Monte Carlo), which besides Monte Carlo/Spélugues also includes the wards of La Rousse/Saint Roman, Larvotto/Bas Moulins, and Saint Michel.  The permanent population of the ward of Monte Carlo is about 3,500, while that of the quarter is about 15,000.  Monaco has four traditional quarters.  From west to east they are: Fontvieille (the newest), Monaco-Ville (the oldest), La Condamine, and Monte Carlo.

Dynamic Monte Carlo method: In chemistry, dynamic Monte Carlo (DMC) is a Monte Carlo method for modeling the dynamic behaviors of molecules by comparing the rates of individual steps with random numbers.  It is essentially the same as Kinetic Monte Carlo.  Unlike the Metropolis Monte Carlo method, which has been employed to study systems at equilibrium, the DMC method is used to investigate non-equilibrium systems such as a reaction, diffusion, and so-forth (Meng and Weinberg 1994).  This method is mainly applied to analyze adsorbates' behavior on surfaces.  The DMC method is very similar to the kinetic Monte Carlo method.

Quantum Monte Carlo: Quantum Monte Carlo encompasses a large family of computational methods whose common aim is the study of complex quantum systems.  One of the major goals of these approaches is to provide a reliable solution (or an accurate approximation) of the quantum many-body problem.  The diverse flavor of quantum Monte Carlo approaches all share the common use of the Monte Carlo method to handle the multi-dimensional integrals that arise in the different formulations of the many-body problem.  The quantum Monte Carlo methods allow for a direct treatment and description of complex many-body effects encoded in the wave function, going beyond mean field theory and offering an exact solution of the many-body problem in some circumstances.  In particular, there exist numerically exact and polynomially-scaling algorithms to exactly study static properties of boson systems without geometrical frustration.  For fermions, there exist very good approximations to their static properties and numerically exact exponentially scaling quantum Monte Carlo algorithms, but none that are both.

1997 Monte Carlo Open: The 1997 Monte Carlo Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts.  It was the 91st edition of the Monte Carlo Open, and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1997 ATP Tour.  It took place at the Monte Carlo Country Club in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France, near Monte Carlo, Monaco, from 21 April through 27 April 1997.

L'enfant et les sortilèges: L'enfant et les sortilèges: Fantaisie lyrique en deux parties ("The Child and the Spells: A Lyric Fantasy in Two Parts") is an opera in one act, with music by Maurice Ravel to a libretto by Colette.  It is Ravel's second opera, his first being "L'heure espagnole".  Written from 1917 to 1925, "L'enfant et les sortilèges" was first performed in Monte Carlo in 1925 under the baton of Victor de Sabata.

Supporting paragraphs: Robert Nagy (tenor) L'enfant et les sortilèges
Answer: L'enfant et les sortilèges