Question: The GUID Partition Table forms a part of which interface, which can support remote diagnostics and repair computers?

Context paragraphs:
Volume Table of Contents: In the IBM mainframe storage architecture, Volume Table of Contents, or VTOC, is a data structure that provides a way of locating the data sets that reside on a particular disk volume.  It is the functional equivalent of both the Master Boot Record (MBR) or GUID Partition Table (GPT) on a desktop PC, and the root directory of a mass storage device (floppy, jump drive, hard disk, etc.) on a PC or minicomputer, e.g. / on Unix or Linux, C:\ on DOS or Windows.  It lists the names of each data set on the volume as well as size, location, and permissions.  Additionally, it contains an entry for every area of contiguous free space on the volume.  The third record on the first track of the first cylinder of any volume of DASD (i.e. disk pack) is known as the volume label and must contain a pointer to the location of the VTOC.  A VTOC is added to a disk when it is initialized using the Device Support Facilities utility program, ICKDSF.  VTOC was originally designed for removable disk packs.

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface: The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) is a specification that defines a software interface between an operating system and platform firmware.  UEFI replaces the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) firmware interface originally present in all IBM PC-compatible personal computers, with most UEFI firmware implementations providing legacy support for BIOS services.  UEFI can support remote diagnostics and repair of computers, even with no operating system installed.  The user can enter a setup utility by pressing their manufacturers specific setup keys.  Most common keys are , , etc.

Crazy Boot: Crazy Boot is a computer virus that infects the Microsoft Windows operating systems causing no physical damage nor direct loss of information; it would be known as a hoax to some.  If the host computer is booted from an infected floppy disk, this virus makes it look as though all physical hard drives have been lost.  "Crazy Boot" spreads through unprotected disks easily.  It spreads only on diskettes, not by file distribution.  The virus resides in memory, it infects the master boot records of all physical hard disks and infects the boot sectors of floppy disks.  If Crazy Boot is in memory, any access to the boot record is rerouted to a copy of the original boot sector.  When the virus infects a hard drive, it makes a copy of the partition table (an important part of the system area), writes the copy, and deletes the original partition table.  To read the partition information, Crazy Boot must be active in memory.  If users boot from a floppy disk not infected by this virus in order to avoid it, all physical hard drives are inaccessible by normal means.

Microsoft basic data partition: In Microsoft operating systems, when using basic disk partitioned with GUID Partition Table (GPT) layout, a basic data partition (BDP) is any partition identified with Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) of EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7.

GUID Partition Table: GUID Partition Table (GPT) is a standard for the layout of the partition table on a physical storage device used in a desktop or server PC, such as a hard disk drive or solid-state drive, using globally unique identifiers (GUID).  Although it forms a part of the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) standard (Unified EFI Forum proposed replacement for the PC BIOS), it is also used on some BIOS systems because of the limitations of master boot record (MBR) partition tables, which use 32 bits for storing logical block addresses (LBA) and size information on a traditionally 512-byte disk sector.

Volume boot record: A Volume Boot Record (VBR) (also known as a volume boot sector, a partition boot record or a partition boot sector) is a type of boot sector introduced by the IBM Personal Computer.  It may be found on a partitioned data storage device such as a hard disk, or an unpartitioned device such as a floppy disk, and contains machine code for bootstrapping programs (usually, but not necessarily, operating systems) stored in other parts of the device.  On non-partitioned storage devices, it is the first sector of the device.  On partitioned devices, it is the first sector of an individual partition on the device, with the first sector of the entire device being a Master Boot Record (MBR) containing the partition table.

Partition type: The partition type (or partition ID) in a partition's entry in the partition table inside a master boot record (MBR) is a byte value intended to specify the file system the partition contains and/or to flag special access methods used to access these partitions (f.e. special CHS mappings, LBA access, logical mapped geometries, special driver access, hidden partitions, secured or encrypted file systems, etc.).

Remote diagnostics: Remote diagnostics is the act of diagnosing a given symptom, issue or problem from a distance.  Instead of the subject being co-located with the person or system doing the diagnostics, with remote diagnostics the subjects can be separated by physical distance (e.g., Earth-Moon).  Important information is exchanged either through wire or wireless.

BIOS boot partition: The BIOS boot partition is a partition on a data storage device that GNU GRUB uses on legacy BIOS-based personal computers in order to boot an operating system, when the actual boot device contains a GUID Partition Table (GPT).  Such a layout is sometimes referred to as BIOS/GPT boot.

Disk partitioning: Disk partitioning or disk slicing is the creation of one or more regions on a hard disk or other secondary storage, so that an operating system can manage information in each region separately.  Partitioning is typically the first step of preparing a newly manufactured disk, before any files or directories have been created.  The disk stores the information about the partitions' locations and sizes in an area known as the partition table that the operating system reads before any other part of the disk.  Each partition then appears in the operating system as a distinct "logical" disk that uses part of the actual disk.  System administrators use a program called a partition editor to create, resize, delete, and manipulate the partitions.When a hard drive is installed in a computer, it must be partitioned before you can format and use it.  Partitioning a drive is when you divide the total storage of a drive into different pieces.  These pieces are called partitions.  Once a partition is created, it can then be formatted so that it can be used on a computer.

Supporting paragraphs: GUID Partition Table Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
Answer: Unified Extensible Firmware Interface