Question: Metrodorus of Chios, was a Greek philosopher, belonging to the school of Democritus, and an important forerunner of Epicurus, an ancient Greek philosopher who founded the school of philosophy called what?

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School of Abdera: The School of Abdera (or the Abderites) was a Pre-Socratic school of thought, founded in Abdera, Thrace around 440 to 430 BC.  Its proponents, Leucippus and Democritus, were the earliest atomists.  Leucippus is believed to be the founder, and was born at either Abdera or Miletus.  Democritus, his student, was native to Abdera.  Metrodorus of Chios and Anaxarchus of Abdera were also members, the latter being the teacher of Pyrrho who eventually came to lead the school and later founded Pyrrhonism.

Bolus of Mendes: Bolus of Mendes (Greek: Βῶλος "Bolos"; fl.  3rd century BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, a neo-Pythagorean writer of works of esoterica and medical works, who worked in Ptolemaic Egypt.  The Suda, and Eudocia after him, mention a Pythagorean philosopher of Mendes in Egypt, who wrote on marvels, potent remedies, and astronomical phenomena.  The Suda, however, also describes a Bolus who was a philosopher of the school of Democritus, who wrote "Inquiry", and "Medical Art", containing "natural medical remedies from some resources of nature."  But, from a passage of Columella, it appears that Bolos of Mendes and the follower of Democritus were one and the same person; and he seems to have lived following the time of Theophrastus, whose work "On Plants" he appears to have known.

Metrodorus of Chios: Metrodorus of Chios (Greek: Μητρόδωρος ὁ Χῖος ; fl.  4th century BC) was a Greek philosopher, belonging to the school of Democritus, and an important forerunner of Epicurus.

Anaxarchus: Anaxarchus ( ; Greek: Ἀνάξαρχος ; c. 380 – c. 320 BC) was a Greek philosopher of the school of Democritus.  Together with Pyrrho, he accompanied Alexander the Great into Asia.  The reports of his philosophical views suggest that he was a forerunner of Pyrrhonism.

Leucippus: Leucippus ( ; Greek: Λεύκιππος , "Leúkippos"; fl.  5th cent.  BCE) is reported in some ancient sources to have been a philosopher who was the earliest Greek to develop the theory of atomism—the idea that everything is composed entirely of various imperishable, indivisible elements called atoms. Leucippus often appears as the master to his pupil Democritus, a philosopher also touted as the originator of the atomic theory.  However, a brief notice in Diogenes Laertius’s life of Epicurus says that on the testimony of Epicurus, Leucippus never existed.  As the philosophical heir of Democritus, Epicurus's word has some weight, and indeed a controversy over this matter raged in German scholarship for many years at the close of the 19th century.  Furthermore, in his "Corpus Democriteum", Thrasyllus of Alexandria, an astrologer and writer living under the emperor Tiberius (14–37 CE), compiled a list of writings on atomism that he attributed to Democritus to the exclusion of Leucippus.  The present consensus among the world's historians of philosophy is that this Leucippus is historical.  The matter must remain moot unless more information is forthcoming from the record.

Atomism (social): Atomism or social atomism is a sociological theory arising from the scientific notion "atomic theory", coined by the ancient Greek philosopher Democritus and the Roman philosopher Lucretius.  In the scientific rendering of the word, atomism refers to the notion that all matter in the universe is composed of basic indivisible components, or atoms.  When placed into the field of sociology, atomism assigns the individual as the basic unit of analysis for all implications of social life.  This theory refers to "the tendecy for society to be made up of a collection of self-interested and largely self-sufficient individuals, operating as separate atoms".  Therefore, all social values, institutions, developments and procedures evolve entirely out of the interests and actions of the individuals who inhabit any particular society.  The individual is the ‘atom’ of society and therefore the only true object of concern and analysis.

Dudeism: Dudeism is a religion, philosophy, or lifestyle inspired by "The Dude", the protagonist of the Coen Brothers' 1998 film "The Big Lebowski".  Dudeism's stated primary objective is to promote a modern form of Chinese Taoism, outlined in "Tao Te Ching" by Laozi (6th century BC), blended with concepts from the Ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus (341–270 BC), and presented in a style as personified by the character of Jeffrey "The Dude" Lebowski, a fictional character portrayed by Jeff Bridges in the film.  Dudeism has sometimes been regarded as a mock religion due to its use of comedic film references and occasional criticism of religion in its traditional sense.  However, its founder and many adherents take the underlying philosophy seriously.  March 6 is the annual sacred high holy day of Dudeism: The Day of the Dude.

Timocrates of Lampsacus: Timocrates of Lampsacus (Greek: Τιμοκράτης ) was a renegade Epicurean who made it his life's mission to spread slander about Epicurus' philosophy and way of life.  He was the elder brother of Metrodorus, Epicurus' best friend and most loyal follower, who was born in Lampsacus in the late 4th century BC.  He studied with his brother in the school of Epicurus, but some time c. 290 BC, he broke with the school, apparently because he refused to accept that pleasure was the supreme good of life.  The dispute became quite bitter; Philodemus quotes Timocrates saying "that he both loved his brother as no one else did and hated him as no one else."  In a much quoted letter, Metrodorus, in exaggerated fashion, took Timocrates to task for not making the stomach the standard in everything relating to the prime good.  Metrodorus wrote at least one work against Timocrates; and Epicurus also wrote an "Opinions on the Passions, against Timocrates".  In response, Timocrates wrote a polemic against Epicurus, whereby he claimed that Epicurus was not a genuine Athenian citizen, and that he was slovenly, weak, ignorant, rude, and vomited twice a day from overindulgence.

Epicurus: Epicurus ( or ; Greek: Ἐπίκουρος, "Epíkouros" , "ally, comrade"; 341–270 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher who founded the school of philosophy called Epicureanism.  Only a few fragments and letters of Epicurus's 300 written works remain.  Much of what is known about Epicurean philosophy derives from later followers and commentators.

Epicureanism: Epicureanism is a system of philosophy based upon the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus, founded around 307 BC.  Epicurus was an atomic materialist, following in the steps of Democritus.  His materialism led him to a general attack on superstition and divine intervention.  Following Aristippus—about whom very little is known—Epicurus believed that what he called "pleasure" was the greatest good, but that the way to attain such pleasure was to live modestly, to gain knowledge of the workings of the world, and to limit one's desires.  This would lead one to attain a state of tranquility ("ataraxia") and freedom from fear as well as an absence of bodily pain ("aponia").  The combination of these two states constitutes happiness in its highest form.  Although Epicureanism is a form of hedonism insofar as it declares pleasure to be its sole intrinsic goal, the concept that the absence of pain and fear constitutes the greatest pleasure, and its advocacy of a simple life, make it very different from "hedonism" as it is colloquially understood.

Supporting paragraphs: Metrodorus of Chios Epicurus
Answer: Epicureanism