Question: The Dunes hotel, designed by Maxwell Starkman and directed by Jerome D. Mack, was closed down in what year?

Context paragraphs:
Dunes (hotel and casino): The Dunes Hotel was a hotel and casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, that operated from May 23, 1955 to January 26, 1993.  Designed by architect Maxwell Starkman, it was the tenth resort to open on the Strip.  Bellagio now stands on the former grounds.  The Dunes golf course is now occupied by parts of Monte Carlo, New York-New York, CityCenter, and Cosmopolitan, and T-Mobile Arena.

Sahara Boardwalk Hotel and Casino: The Sahara Boardwalk Hotel and Casino was a proposed hotel and casino that was to be built in the late 1970s and early 1980s in Atlantic City, New Jersey.  The site of the proposed project was located at Albany Avenue and the Boardwalk, between the original Golden Nugget Hotel and Casino and the proposed Dunes Hotel and Casino (Atlantic City) project.  However, because of financial and legal difficulties, construction of the hotel/casino was never completed and the site was sold in 1982.

Bellagio (resort): Bellagio is a resort, luxury hotel and casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada.  It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International and was built on the site of the demolished Dunes hotel and casino.  Inspired by the Lake Como town of Bellagio in Italy, Bellagio is famed for its elegance.  One of its most notable features is an 8 acre lake between the building and the Strip, which houses the Fountains of Bellagio, a large dancing water fountain synchronized to music.

Maxwell Starkman: Maxwell Starkman (November 17, 1921 – December 29, 2003) was a Canadian architect based in Los Angeles, California.

Dunes Hotel and Casino (Atlantic City): The Dunes Hotel and Casino (Atlantic City) was a proposed hotel and casino that was to be built in Atlantic City, New Jersey in the late 1970s.  It was initially proposed to consist of 504 hotel rooms and a 34,500 square foot casino located at Albany Avenue on the Boardwalk.  It was to be the southern most hotel/casino on the Boardwalk, adjacent to the Golden Nugget Hotel & Casino.  Due to financial and legal difficulties, the hotel was never completed and a casino license was never issued.

Meridian Condominiums: Meridian Condominiums is the 19th tallest building in San Diego, California and is a prominent fixture in San Diego's skyline.  It has a height of 371 ft (113 m) and contains 172 units.  Located at 700 Front Street in the Horton Plaza district of Downtown San Diego, Meridian Condominiums is a 28-story building that utilizes a modern architectural style designed by the architect firm Maxwell Starkman & Associates.  The skyscraper was built at a cost of $71.1 million.

The House of Love (show): The House of Love is a striptease revue starring Jayne Mansfield.  In December 1960, Dunes hotel and casino launched Mansfield's revue "The House of Love" (produced by Jack Cole, co-starring Hargitay).  She received $35,000.00 a week as her salary ($ in 2016 dollars ), which was the highest in her career.  Her wardrobe for the shows featured a gold mesh dress with sequins to cover her nipples and pubic region.  That controversial sheer dress that was referred to as "Jayne Mansfiled and a few sequins".

Violetta Villas: Czesława Gospodarek (born Cieślak; 10 June 1938 – 5 December 2011), known by her stage name Violetta Villas, was a Belgian-born Polish and international cabaret star, singer, actress, composer and songwriter.  Her voice was characterized as coloratura soprano, which spanned over 4 octaves.  She could play the piano, violin, and trombone and had absolute pitch.  Characterisations of her included "the voice of the atomic age", "the singing toast of the continent", "a voice like French champagne", and the "Polish Yma Sumac".  Villas was the first star of the "Casino de Paris" at Dunes Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas (1966–1970).

Jerome D. Mack: Jerome D. Mack (a.k.a. Jerry Mack) (November 6, 1920 – September 26, 1998) was an American banker, real estate investor, political fundraiser and philanthropist in Las Vegas, Nevada.  He was the founder and President of the Bank of Las Vegas and, later, the Valley Bank.  He was the President of the Riviera casino as well as Director of the Four Queens and Dunes casinos.  He was a major fundraiser for the Nevada Democratic Party and active in Jewish philanthropy both in Las Vegas and Israel.  He was one of the founders of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV).

Jayne Mansfield Busts Up Las Vegas: Jayne Mansfield Busts Up Las Vegas is a novelty album featuring actress, model and Playmate Jayne Mansfield published in 1962 by 20th Century Fox.  It was a recording of her show "The House of Love" in Dunes Hotel and Casino.  Other artists in the album are Arthur Blake (voice) Mickey Hargitay (commentary), The Bill Reddie Orchestra (orchestra), Bill Reddie (conductor)

Supporting paragraphs: Jerome D. Mack Dunes (hotel and casino)
Answer: 1993