Question: What profession did Kurt Voss and Manoel de Oliveira have in common?

Context paragraphs:
Douro, Faina Fluvial: Douro, Faina Fluvial (Labor on the Douro River) is a 1931 Portuguese documentary short film.  It was the first film directed by Manoel de Oliveira and is a portrait of his hometown of Porto and the labor and industry that takes place along the city's main river, the Douro River.  It was first shown at the International Congress of Film Critics in Lisbon on September 19, 1931, where the majority of the Portuguese audience booed.  However, other foreign critics and artists who were in attendance praised the film, such as Luigi Pirandello and Émile Vuillermoz.  Oliveira re-edited the film with a new soundtrack and re-released it in 1934.  Again in 1994, Oliveira modified the film by adding a new, more avant-garde soundtrack by Luís de Freitas Branco.

Oliveira Lima Library: The Oliveira Lima Library (also known as the Ibero American Library) is located at The Catholic University of America in Washington, DC.  It was founded in 1920, when Brazilian diplomat and scholar Manoel de Oliveira Lima and his wife, Flora de Oliveira Lima shipped their private library to the university after obtaining an agreement that the library would remain a separate, autonomous facility and that Manoel would be the first librarian.  The initial collection included 45,000 volumes of books primarily focused on colonial Portuguese Brazilian history, literature and culture.  Many of the rare books are original sources, on Portuguese philology and etymology, which complement the other volumes in the collection.

Casimiro de Oliveira: Antonio Casimiro Pinto de Oliveira (8 September 1907 – 22 November 1970) was a Portuguese racing driver.  He was entered for the 1958 Portuguese Grand Prix but he was not present during the weekend.  He was responsible for organizing the event.  His brother was Manoel de Oliveira, a famed film director who managed to survive him by nearly 45 years.

Porto of My Childhood: Porto of My Childhood (Portuguese: Porto da Minha Infância) is a 2001 Portuguese/French film directed by Manoel de Oliveira.  Manoel de Oliveira narrates a documentary which features staged dramatic scenes of memories and stories told to him during his childhood in Porto.

The Strange Case of Angelica: The Strange Case of Angelica (Portuguese: O Estranho Caso de Angélica ) is a 2010 Portuguese drama film directed by Manoel de Oliveira.  It was entered into the Un Certain Regard section of the 2010 Cannes Film Festival.  De Oliveira conceived the idea for the film in 1946 and initially wrote the script in 1952, updating it with modern elements.

Kurt Voss: Kurt Voss (born Kurt Christopher Peter Wössner) is an American film director, screenwriter and musician-songwriter.  Voss's credits include Will Smith's debut "Where The Day Takes You"; the Justin Theroux, Alyssa Milano and Ice T action film "Below Utopia"; actress Jaime Pressly's debut feature "", and rock and roll related films including "Down and Out with the Dolls" and "Ghost on The Highway: A Portrait of Jeffrey Lee Pierce and The Gun Club".

2008 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: The 2008 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 30th edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, the annual Portuguese football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same).  2008 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was constested by Porto and Sporting CP.  Porto participated in their 24th Supertaça final, their third consecutive final since 2006.  Porto went into the match as the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira 14-time winners.  Sporting CP participated in their eighth Supertaça final, also their second consecutive final.  Sporting CP went into the match as the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira six-time winners.

Aniki-Bóbó: Aniki-Bóbó is a 1942 Portuguese film directed by Manoel de Oliveira.  It is his first feature-length film.  The actors are mostly children from Oliveira's hometown, Porto.  The script was adapted by Manoel de Oliveira from a short story by José Rodrigues de Freitas, "Meninos Milionários" (lit.  "Millionaire Children").  "Aniki-Bóbó" is a rhyme from a children's game, akin to Eeny, meeny, miny, moe.

The Hunt (1963 film): The Hunt (Portuguese: A Caça) is a 1963 short Portuguese film directed by Manoel de Oliveira.  The film is a grim, surrealistic short narrative film that contrasted with the positive tones of Oliveira's previous film.  Due to censorship issues, Oliveira was forced to add a "happy ending" to the initial release of the film and was unable to restore his original ending until 1988.  Because of this film and anti- Salazar regime comments Oliveira made after a screening of his previous film "O Acto de Primavera", he was arrested by the PIDE in 1963.  He spent 10 days in jail and was interrogated until finally being released with the help of his friend Manuel Meneres.

Manoel de Oliveira: Manoel Cândido Pinto de Oliveira GCSE, GCIH (] ; 11 December 1908 – 2 April 2015) was a Portuguese film director and screenwriter born in Cedofeita, Porto.  He first began making films in 1927, when he and some friends attempted to make a film about World War I.  In 1931 he completed his first film "Douro, Faina Fluvial", a documentary about his home city Porto made in the city symphony genre.  He made his feature film debut in 1942 with "Aniki-Bóbó" and continued to make shorts and documentaries for the next 30 years, gaining a minimal amount of recognition without being considered a major world film director.  Among the numerous factors that prevented Oliveira from making more films during this time period were the political situation in Portugal, family obligations and money.

Supporting paragraphs: Manoel de Oliveira Kurt Voss
Answer: film director