Question: What composer wrote the soundtrack to a 1999 film adaptation of a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593?

Context paragraphs:
Revenge tragedy: Revenge tragedy (less commonly referred to as revenge drama, revenge play, or tragedy of blood) defines a genre of plays made popular in early modern England.  Ashley H. Thorndike formally established this genre in his seminal 1902 article "The Relations of Hamlet to Contemporary Revenge Plays," which characterizes revenge tragedy "as a tragedy whose leading motive is revenge and whose main action deals with the progress of this revenge, leading to the death of the murderers and often the death of the avenger himself."  Thomas Kyd's "The Spanish Tragedy" (c.1580s) is often considered the inaugural revenge tragedy on the early modern stage.  However, more recent research extends early modern revenge tragedy to the 1560s with poet and classicist Jasper Heywood's translations of Seneca at Oxford University, including "Troas" (1559), "Thyestes" (1560), and "Hercules Furens" (1561).  Additionally, Thomases Norton and Sackville's play "Gorbuduc" (1561) is considered an early revenge tragedy (almost twenty years prior to "The Spanish Tragedy").  Other well-known revenge tragedies include William Shakespeare's "Hamlet" (c.1599-1602) and "Titus Andronicus" (c.1588-1593) and Thomas Middleton's "The Revenger's Tragedy" (c.1606).

Romeo &amp; Juliet (2013 film): Romeo & Juliet is a 2013 internationally co-produced romantic drama film adaptation of William Shakespeare's romantic tragedy of the same name written by Julian Fellowes and directed by Carlo Carlei.  The film stars Douglas Booth, Hailee Steinfeld, Damian Lewis, Kodi Smit-McPhee, Ed Westwick, Stellan Skarsgård and Paul Giamatti.  The film opened in the United Kingdom and the United States on 11 October 2013.  Like Franco Zeffirelli's adaptation of Shakespeare's tragedy, this film uses the traditional setting of Renaissance Verona, but, unlike previous major film adaptations, only follows the plot and uses only some of the dialogue as written by Shakespeare.  This has led to a controversy; several critics denounced the film's advertising as misleading and losing the essence of the play.  The film grossed $3 million.

Titus (soundtrack): Titus is the original soundtrack to the 1999 motion picture "Titus".  Elliot Goldenthal wrote the score for the film, an adaptation of Shakespeare's first, and bloodiest, tragedy "Titus Andronicus"; written and directed by Julie Taymor, Goldenthal's long-time friend and partner.  The only non-Goldenthal piece is an old Italian song called ""Vivere"" performed by Italian singer Carlo Buti.

Macbeth: Macbeth ( ; full title The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606.  It dramatises the damaging physical and psychological effects of political ambition on those who seek power for its own sake.  Of all the plays that Shakespeare wrote during the reign of James I, who was patron of Shakespeare's acting company, "Macbeth" most clearly reflects the playwright's relationship with his sovereign.  It was first published in the Folio of 1623, possibly from a prompt book, and is Shakespeare's shortest tragedy.

Titus (film): Titus is a 1999 Italian-American-British film adaptation of William Shakespeare's revenge tragedy "Titus Andronicus", about the downfall of a Roman general.  Starring Anthony Hopkins and Jessica Lange, it was the first theatrically-released feature film adaptation of the play.  The film was made by Overseas Filmgroup and Clear Blue Sky Productions and released by Fox Searchlight Pictures.  It was the film directorial debut of Julie Taymor, who co-produced and wrote the screenplay.  It was produced by Jody Patton, Conchita Airoldi and executive produced by Paul G. Allen.

Macbeth (1971 film): Macbeth (or The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a 1971 British-American historical drama film directed by Roman Polanski and co-written by Polanski and Kenneth Tynan.  A film adaptation of William Shakespeare's tragedy of the same name, it retells the story of the Highland lord who becomes King of Scotland through treachery and murder.  The film stars Jon Finch as the title character and Francesca Annis as Lady Macbeth, noted for their relative youth as actors.  Themes of historic recurrence, greater pessimism and internal ugliness in physically beautiful characters are added to Shakespeare's story of moral decline, which is presented in a more realistic style.

Shakespearean tragedy: Shakespearean tragedy is the designation given to most tragedies written by playwright William Shakespeare.  Many of his history plays share the qualifiers of a Shakespearean tragedy, but because they are based on real figures throughout the History of England, they were classified as "histories" in the First Folio.  The Roman tragedies—"Julius Caesar", "Antony and Cleopatra" and "Coriolanus"—are also based on historical figures, but because their source stories were foreign and ancient they are almost always classified as tragedies rather than histories.  Shakespeare's romances (tragicomic plays) were written late in his career and published originally as either tragedy or comedy.  They share some elements of tragedy featuring a high status central character but end happily like Shakespearean comedies.  Several hundred years after Shakespeare's death, scholar F.S. Boas also coined a fifth category, the "problem play," for plays that don't fit neatly into a single classification because of their subject matter, setting, or ending.  The classifications of certain Shakespeare plays are still debated among scholars.

Romeo und Julia: Romeo und Julia is an opera in two acts by Heinrich Sutermeister.  The composer wrote the libretto, after William Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet".

Authorship of Titus Andronicus: The authorship of "Titus Andronicus" has been debated since the late 17th century. " Titus Andronicus", probably written between 1588 and 1593, appeared in three quarto editions from 1594 to 1601 with no named author.  It was first published under William Shakespeare's name in the 1623 First Folio of his plays.  However, as with some of his early and late plays, scholars have long surmised that Shakespeare might have collaborated with another playwright.  Other plays have also been examined for evidence of co-authorship, but none has been as closely scrutinised or as consistently questioned than "Titus".  The principal contender for the co-authorship is George Peele.

Titus Andronicus: Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.  It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.

Supporting paragraphs: Titus (soundtrack) Titus Andronicus
Answer: Elliot Goldenthal