Question: Allan Bloom and Lorine Niedecker, are of which nationality?

Context paragraphs:
Shakespeare's Politics (book): Shakespeare's Politics is a 1964 book co-authored by Allan Bloom and Harry V. Jaffa.  The authors provide an analysis of four Shakespeare plays guided by the premise that political philosophy provides a necessary perspective on the problems of Shakespeare’s heroes.  Its methods and interpretations were significantly influenced by Leo Strauss, who taught Jaffa at the New School for Social Research and Bloom at the University of Chicago, and to whom the book is dedicated.

Lorine Niedecker: Lorine Faith Niedecker (English: pronounced Needecker) (May 12, 1903 – December 31, 1970) was a Wisconsin poet and the only woman associated with the Objectivist poets.  She is widely credited for demonstrating how an Objectivist poetic could handle the personal as subject matter.

Ernest Fortin: Ernest L. Fortin, A.A. (December 17, 1923 – October 22, 2002) was a professor of theology at Boston College.  While engaged in graduate studies in France, he met Allan Bloom, who introduced him to the work of Leo Strauss.  Father Fortin worked at the intersection of Athens and Jerusalem.

The Closing of the American Mind: The Closing of the American Mind is a 1987 book by the philosopher Allan Bloom, in which the author argued that "higher education has failed democracy and impoverished the souls of today's students."  He focused especially upon the "openness" of relativism as leading paradoxically to the great "closing" referenced in the book's title.  In Bloom's view, "openness" and absolute understanding undermine critical thinking and eliminate the "point of view" that defines cultures.  Bloom's book became an unexpected best seller, eventually selling close to half a million copies in hardback, but drew divided reactions from reviewers.

Mark Podwal: Beyond his works on paper, Podwal’s artistry has been employed in an array of diverse projects, including the design of a series of decorative plates for the Metropolitan Museum Of Art: "Passover Plate", "Zodiac Platter" (Met Bestseller), and "Life Cycle" (Met Bestseller).  His work has been animated for public television in "A Passover Seder with Elie Wiesel" (Time Warner), engraved on a Congressional Gold Medal presented by President Reagan to Elie Wiesel, and woven into an Aubusson tapestry that adorns the ark in the main sanctuary of Congregation Emanu-El of the City of New York.  Moreover, he designed sixteen kiln cast glass panels for the United Jewish Appeal Federation Headquarters in New York.  Podwal collaborated with Academy Award winning filmmaker Allan Miller on the documentary "House of Life: The Old Jewish Cemetery in Prague", narrated by Claire Bloom.  In 2009 and 2010, the film was broadcast on PBS.  Podwal's portraits of Mozart in costumes from his operas were published as a boxed set of greeting cards by the Metropolitan Opera.

Latke–Hamantash Debate: The Latke–Hamantash Debate is a deliberately humorous academic debate about the relative merits and meanings of these two items of Jewish cuisine.  The debate originated at the University of Chicago in 1946 and has since been held annually.  Subsequent debates have taken place at several other universities.  Participants in the debate, held within the format of a symposium, have included past University of Chicago president Hanna Holborn Gray, philosopher Martha Nussbaum, former Council of Economic Advisers Chairman Austan Goolsbee, Nobel Prize winners Milton Friedman, George Stigler, Leon M. Lederman, and essayist Allan Bloom.  A compendium of the debate, which has never been won, was published in 2005.

Allan Bloom: Allan David Bloom (September 14, 1930 – October 7, 1992) was an American philosopher, classicist, and academician.  He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon, and Alexandre Kojève.  He subsequently taught at Cornell University, the University of Toronto, Yale University, École Normale Supérieure of Paris, and the University of Chicago.  Bloom championed the idea of Great Books education and became famous for his criticism of contemporary American higher education, with his views being expressed in his bestselling 1987 book, "The Closing of the American Mind".  Characterized as a conservative in the popular media, Bloom denied that he was a conservative, and asserted that what he sought to defend was the 'theoretical life'.  Saul Bellow wrote "Ravelstein", a roman à clef based on Bloom, his friend and colleague at the University of Chicago.

Supporting paragraphs: Allan Bloom Lorine Niedecker
Answer: American