Question: Which Pope made an agreement in 1513 with a king called the Catholic?

Context paragraphs:
Martin King (Eminence): Martin King is the founder and managing director of the Luton based corporate entertainment booking agency, Eminence but is better known for the scandals that occurred during his tenure as director of Luton Town.  King was a director of Luton Town from July 2005 until March 2007, when he resigned following the sacking of Mike Newell.  King called Newell's sacking undemocratic, and suggested that only two board members were actually present at the sacking although that's not believed to be the sole reason behind his departure.

Raden Gupolo: Gupolo is a guardian figure at the Sewu Buddhist temple near Prambanan in Java, Indonesia.  It is an example of a Dvarapala figure.  According to legend Prambanan was ruled by a giant king called Ratu Boko who a daughter Princess Jonggrang and an adopted son Raden Gupolo whose father had been killed on orders from the king of Pengging.

The Burger King: The Burger King is a character created as the advertising mascot for international fast food restaurant chain Burger King that has been used in numerous television commercials and advertising programs.  The character has undergone several iterations over the course of its company's history.  The first iteration of the King was part of a sign at the first Burger King restaurant in Miami, Florida in 1955.  Later signs showed the King sitting on a "burger throne" as well as atop the BK sign while holding a beverage.  In the early 1970s Burger King started using a small, animated version of the King called "Kurger Bing" in its children's advertising, voiced by Allen Swift.  In 1976, the original animated King was replaced by the "Marvelous Magical Burger King".  This is a red-bearded, Tudor-era king who ruled the Burger King Kingdom and performed magic tricks that were mostly sleight-of-hand, but sometimes relied on camera tricks or involved his "Magic Ring" which could summon copious amounts of food.  The children's ads featuring the King were phased out by the late 1980s in favor of the BK Kids Club Gang and other subsequent programs.

Holy See–Kurdistan Region relations: Holy See–Kurdistan Region relations are bilateral relations between Holy See and Kurdistan Region.  The Holy See has no representation in Kurdistan Region and the latter has no representation in the Holy See.  Kurdish President Masoud Barzani has met with Pope John Paul II and his two successors Pope Benedict XVI and Pope Francis on official visits to the Vatican City in November 2005, February 2011 and May 2014.  Kurdish Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani also met with Pope Francis in March 2015, discussing the humanitarian crisis in the Kurdish region and Barzani stressed his hope for an papal encouragement for the international society to support Kurdistan Region humanitarianly.  At the meeting, Pope Francis praised the atmosphere in Kurdistan.  Shortly after, Pope made an unspecified donation for Kurdistan Region to cope with the displaced Christian population.  In the same month, the Pope's personal envoy including Cardinal Fernando Filoni and a delegation from the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.  It was the envoy's second visit to Erbil after a similar visit took place in August 2014.  In 2016, the Pope donated 110,000 dollars to the St. Joseph's Clinic in Erbil, which is home to thousands of internally displaced persons, and sent a financial donation to displaced Iraqi Christians in Erbil through the Aid to the Church in Need.

Jan van Scorel: Jan van Scorel (1 August 1495 – 6 December 1562) was a Dutch painter, who played a leading role in introducing aspects of Italian Renaissance painting into Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting.  Van Scorel was one of the early painters of the Romanist style who had spent a number of years in Italy, where he thoroughly absorbed the Italian style of painting.  His trip to Italy coincided with the brief reign of the only Dutch pope in history, Adrian VI in 1522-23.  The pope made him a court painter and superintendent of his collection of antiquities.  His stay in Italy lasted from 1518 to 1524.  He also visited Nuremberg, Venice and Jerusalem.  Venetian art had an important impact on the development of his style.

Treaty of Mechlin (1513): The Treaty of Mechlin (1513) (also known as the "Treaty of Malines") was an agreement between Henry VIII, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Pope Leo X to form an alliance against France.  The treaty was the first of a series of treaties (the others being the Treaties of London of 1516 and 1518 and the Treaty of Cambrai of 1517) which attempted to unite the main European powers by building a holy league in order to establish a "respublica christiana".

Friedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg: Friedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg (January 24, 1792 – November 6, 1850) was a German soldier and politician.  He was the son of King Frederick William II of Prussia and Countess Sophie von Dönhoff.  He and his sister were made count and countess in 1794, and he was raised with the sons of Field Marshal von Massow.  In 1807, he entered the regiment "Gardes du Corps".  By 1848, he had distinguished himself in several battles and was a cavalry general.  In November 1848, the king called him to Berlin to be Prussian prime minister, signaling the king's intention to quell the ongoing uprising.  In 1850, he traveled to Warsaw to meet with Czar Nicholas.  Shortly after his return, he took ill and died, it is said from the humiliation of the Czar's abandonment of the Erfurt policy.

Manapa-Tarhunta letter: The Manapa-Tarhunta letter (CTH 191; KUB 19.5 + KBo 19.79) is a Hittite letter discovered in the 1980s.  It was written by a client king called Manapa-Tarhunta to an unnamed Hittite king around 1295 BCE.

Ferdinand II of Aragon: Ferdinand II (Aragonese: "Ferrando" , Spanish: "Fernando II" , Catalan: "Ferran" ) (10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516), called the Catholic, was King of Sicily from 1468 and King of Aragon from 1479 until his death.  As a consequence of his marriage to Isabella I, he was King of Castile as Ferdinand V from 1474 until her death in 1504.  He was recognised as regent of Castile for his daughter and heir, Joanna, from 1508 until his own death.  In 1504, after a war with France, he became King of Naples as Ferdinand III, reuniting Naples with Sicily permanently and for the first time since 1458.  In 1512, he became King of Navarre by conquest.

Pope Pius XII and Poland: Pope Pius XII and Poland includes Church relations from 1939-1958.  Pius XII became Pope on the eve of the Second World War.  The invasion of predominantly Catholic Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939 ignited the conflict and was followed soon after by a Soviet invasion of the Eastern half of Poland, in accordance with an agreement reached between the dictators Joseph Stalin and Adolf Hitler.  The Catholic Church in Poland was about to face decades of repression, both at Nazi and Communist hands.  The Nazi persecution of the Catholic Church in Poland was followed by a Stalinist repression which was particularly intense through the years 1946-1956.  Pope Pius XII's policies consisted in attempts to avoid World War II, extensive diplomatic activity on behalf of Poland and encouragement to the persecuted clergy and faithful.

Supporting paragraphs: Treaty of Mechlin (1513) Ferdinand II of Aragon
Answer: Leo X