Question: Which bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States enacted the Education for All Handicapped Children Act?

Context paragraphs:
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a four-part (A-D) piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs.  IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1975 to 1990.  In 1990, the United States Congress reauthorized EHA and changed the title to IDEA (Public Law No. 94-142).  Overall, the goal of IDEA is to provide children with disabilities the same opportunity for education as those students who do not have a disability.

Tamil Nadu Legislative Council: Tamil Nadu Legislative Council was the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.  It began its existence as Madras Legislative Council, the first provincial legislature for Madras Presidency.  It was initially created as an advisory body in 1861, by the British colonial government.  It was established by the first Indian Council Act of 1861, enacted in the British parliament in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857.  Its role and strength were later expanded by the second Council Act of 1892.  Limited election was introduced in 1909.  The Council became a unicameral legislative body in 1921 and eventually the upper chamber of a bicameral legislature in 1937.  After India became independent in 1947, it continued to be the upper chamber of the legislature of Madras State, one of the successor states to the Madras Presidency.  It was renamed as the Tamil Nadu Legislative Council when the state was renamed as Tamil Nadu in 1969.  The Council was abolished by the M. G. Ramachandran administration on 1 November 1986.  In 2010 the DMK regime headed by M. Karunanidhi tried to revive the Council.  The current AIADMK regime has expressed its intention not to revive the council and has passed a resolution in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly in this regard.

Elections in Pakistan: Since its establishment in 1947, Pakistan has had an asymmetric federal government and is a federal parliamentary democratic republic.  At the national level, the people of Pakistan elect a bicameral legislature, the Parliament of Pakistan.  The parliament consists of a lower house called the National Assembly, which is elected directly, and an upper house called the Senate, whose members are chosen by elected provincial legislators.  The head of government, the Prime Minister, is elected by the majority members of the National Assembly and the head of state (and figurehead), the President, is elected by the Electoral College, which consists of both houses of Parliament together with the four provincial assemblies.  In addition to the national parliament and the provincial assemblies, Pakistan also has more than five thousand elected local governments.

Special education in the United States: Special education programs in the United States were made mandatory in 1975 when the United States Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) "(sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law (PL) 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975.  in response to discriminatory treatment by public educational agencies against students with disabilities."  The EAHCA was later modified to strengthen protections to students with disabilities and renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).  IDEA requires states to provide special education and related services consistent with federal standards as a condition of receiving federal funds.

Party divisions of United States Congresses: Party divisions of United States Congresses have played a central role in the organization and operations of both chambers of the United States Congress—the Senate and the House of Representatives—since its establishment as the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States in 1789.  Political parties had not been anticipated when the U.S. Constitution was drafted in 1787, nor did they exist at the time the first Senate elections and House elections occurred in 1788 and 1789.  Organized political parties developed in the U.S. in the 1790s, but political factions—from which organized parties evolved—began to appear almost immediately after the 1st Congress convened.  Those who supported the Washington administration were referred to as "pro-administration" and would eventually form the Federalist Party, while those in opposition joined the emerging Democratic-Republican Party.

United States Congress: The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives.

NICHCY: National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities (NICHCY, an acronym derived from its original name, National Information Center for Handicapped Children and Youth) operated as a national centralized information resource on disabilities and special education for children and youth ages birth through 21 years, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education.  It did so by collecting, organizing and disseminating current, accurate, research-based information about childhood disability and special education.  The Center also disseminated information about the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the nation's special education law and the No Child Left Behind Act, the nation's general education law.  NICHCY focused on research, information dissemination, and providing quality information on teaching and learning.

Edwin W. Martin, Jr.: Edwin W. Martin, Jr. (born September 3, 1931) is a policymaker in the area of education for people with disabilities.  He served as congressional committee staff and in the Johnson, Nixon, Ford and Carter administrations.  He was instrumental in drafting the Education of All Handicapped Children Act (1975).  When the Department of Education was created in 1979–1980, Martin served as the first Assistant Secretary of Education for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services.

Education for All Handicapped Children Act: The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law (PL) 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975.  This act required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities.  Public schools were required to evaluate disabled children and create an educational plan with parent input that would emulate as closely as possible the educational experience of non-disabled students.  The act was an amendment to Part B of the Education of the Handicapped Act enacted in 1966.

Joint session of the United States Congress: A joint session of the United States Congress is a gathering of members of the two chambers of the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States: the Senate and the House of Representatives.  Joint sessions are held on special occasions, such as when the President delivers a State of the Union address, when they gather to count and certify the votes of the Electoral College following a presidential election, or when they convene on the occasion of a presidential inauguration.

Supporting paragraphs: Education for All Handicapped Children Act United States Congress
Answer: The United States Congress