Question: Robert C. Peniston commanded a battleship that provided gunfire support during which war ?

Context paragraphs:
Italian cruiser Agordat: Agordat was a torpedo cruiser of the Italian "Regia Marina" built in the late 1890s.  She was the lead ship of the "Agordat" class , which had one other member, "Coatit" .  The ship, which was armed with twelve 76 mm guns and two 450 mm torpedo tubes, was too slow and short-ranged to be able to scout effectively for the fleet, so her career was limited.  She saw action during the Italo-Turkish War in 1911–12, where she provided gunfire support to Italian troops in North Africa.  She assisted in the occupation of Constantinople in the aftermath of World War I, and in 1919 she was reclassified as a gunboat.  In January 1923, "Agordat" was sold for scrapping.

Italian cruiser Coatit: Coatit was a torpedo cruiser of the Italian "Regia Marina" built in the late 1890s.  She was the second and final member of the "Agordat" class .  The ship, which was armed with twelve 76 mm guns and two 450 mm torpedo tubes, was too slow and short-ranged to be able to scout effectively for the fleet, so her career was limited.  She saw action during the Italo-Turkish War in 1911–12, where she provided gunfire support to Italian troops in North Africa.  She also caused a minor diplomatic incident from an attack on retreating Ottoman soldiers in Anatolia.  "Coatit" was part of an international fleet sent to Constantinople when the city appeared to be at risk of falling to the Bulgarian Army during the First Balkan War.  In 1919, she was converted into a minelayer and was sold for scrap in 1920.

Robert C. Peniston: Robert C. Peniston (October 25, 1922 – August 2, 2014) was a career United States Navy officer who rose to the rank of captain and commanded the battleship USS "New Jersey".

USS New Jersey (BB-62): USS "New Jersey" (BB-62) ("Big J" or "Black Dragon") is an "Iowa"-class battleship , and was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named after the US state of New Jersey.  "New Jersey" earned more battle stars for combat actions than the other three completed "Iowa"-class battleships, and was the only US battleship providing gunfire support during the Vietnam War.

List of battleships of Italy: Starting in the 1890s, the Italian "Regia Marina" (Royal Navy) began building a series of modern battleships.  Early designs were marked by their small size, light armor, and high speed compared to contemporary foreign counterparts.  The first pre-dreadnought battleship design, the "Ammiraglio di Saint Bon" class , was constrained by budgetary limits imposed by the legislature.  Two ships were ordered by the class's namesake, Admiral Simone de Pacoret Saint Bon, though the design was also influenced by Benedetto Brin, who replaced di Saint Bon as naval minister after his death.  Brin designed the next pair of battleships, the "Regina Margherita" class .  These ships were larger than the preceding class, and were intended to challenge the Austro-Hungarian "Habsburg"-class battleship s then under construction.  Brin himself died during the construction process.  Vittorio Cuniberti designed the next class of small pre-dreadnoughts, the "Regina Elena" class , which were the fastest battleships in the world at the time of their completion.  These ships all served in the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12, where they were primarily used to provide naval gunfire support for the Italian ground troops, as the Ottoman Navy largely confined itself to port.

Naval gunfire support: Naval gunfire support (NGFS) (also known as shore bombardment) is the use of naval artillery to provide fire support for amphibious assault and other troops operating within their range.  NGFS is one of a number of disciplines encompassed by the term "Naval Fires".  Modern naval gunfire support is one of the three main components of amphibious warfare assault operations support, along with aircraft and ship-launched land-attack missiles. Shipborne guns have been used against shore defences since the early days of naval warfare.

Soviet cruiser Komintern: Komintern was a Soviet light cruiser originally named "Pamiat' Merkuria" ("Memory of Mercury"), a "Bogatyr"-class protected cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy.  She saw service during World War I in the Black Sea and survived the Russian Civil War, although heavily damaged.  She was repaired by the Soviet Navy and put into service as a training cruiser.  In 1941 she was reclassified as a minelayer and provided gunfire support and transported troops during the Siege of Odessa, Siege of Sevastopol, and the Kerch-Feodosiya Operation in the winter of 1941—42.  She was damaged beyond repair at Poti by a German air attack on 16 July 1942.  Afterwards she was disarmed and hulked.  At some point she was towed to the mouth of the Khobi river and sunk there as a breakwater on 10 October 1942.

United States naval gunfire support debate: The United States naval gunfire support debate is an ongoing debate among the United States Navy, Marine Corps, Congress, and independent groups like the "United States Naval Gunfire Support Association" over what role naval gunfire support and naval surface fire support (NSFS) should play within the navy and how such a role can best be provided.  At the heart of the issue is the role that naval gunfire support—the use of naval artillery to provide fire support for amphibious assault and other troops operating within their range—should play in the U.S. Navy of the 21st century.

Banana Wars: The Banana Wars were the occupations, police actions, and interventions on the part of the United States in Central America and the Caribbean between the end of the Spanish–American War in 1898 and the inception of the Good Neighbor Policy in 1934.  These military interventions were most often carried out by the United States Marine Corps, which developed a manual, "The Strategy and Tactics of Small Wars" (1921) based on its experiences.  On occasion, the Navy provided gunfire support and Army troops were also used.

Fire support: Fire support is long-range firepower provided to a front-line military unit.  Typically, fire support is provided by artillery or close air support (usually directed by a forward observer), and is used to shape the battlefield or, more optimistically, define the battle.  Warships, for example, have long provided naval gunfire support.  Artillery observers allow adjusting fire.  Fire support has been used since the advent of cannons in warfare as artillery.  Fire support, as an extension, is the marriage of artillery to the forces in contact.  It is the direct ability to properly use artillery.  It is distinct from direct fire, which is provided by the forces in contact.

Supporting paragraphs: Robert C. Peniston USS New Jersey (BB-62)
Answer: the Vietnam War