Question: The Root–Takahira Agreement involved the lawyer who served as Secretary of State under which President?

Context paragraphs:
Próspero Morales: Próspero Morales (San Marcos, Guatemala, 1856 - Huehuetenango, 17 August 1898) was a Guatemalan lawyer who served as Secretary of Infrastructure, War and Public Instruction during José María Reina Barrios administration.  Two year after being in office, Morales married the well known Guatemalan teacher Natalia Górriz.  Morales resigned as Secretary on 5 March 1897 in order to run for president for the upcoming presidential elections; however, due to the failure of the Exposición Centroamericana and the severe economic crisis that Guatemala was undergoing at the time, due to the plummeting of coffee and silver international prices, general Reina Barrios suspended the elections and forcibly extended his tenure until 1902.  Morales then joined the revolution that was brewing in Quetzaltenango, but the rebels were defeated on 14 September 1897.  After Reina Barrios assassination on 8 February 1898, he unsuccessfully tried to overthrow interim president Manuel Estrada Cabrera–who also had served as Secretary under Reina Barrios–but was repelled by the forces of former president Manuel Lisandro Barillas.

Harvard ROTC: Harvard ROTC was one of the first Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) units in the country, founded in 1916.  The original program was led by Captain Constant Cordier.  By the fall of 1952 forty percent of the incoming freshmen class at Harvard University enrolled in programs that led to a ROTC commission.  Harvard has the third most graduates who have received the Medal of Honor.  With eighteen recipients, only West Point and the US Naval Academy have more.  In 1969, in the middle of sometimes violent protests over the Vietnam War, Harvard downgraded the status of ROTC to an extracurricular activity.  The cited reason was over academic standards on coursework.  The military’s official departure from Harvard began in the years that followed.  For the next several decades Harvard’s connection to ROTC was by allowing their students to take ROTC courses at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  By 1994, in the midst of the controversy over the Don’t Ask Don’t Tell (DADT) law on homosexuality, Harvard committed to upholding ROTC ties, but only through indirect alumni contributions.  This compromise prevented all ties from being severed as was recommended in the 1992 faculty committee report.  Harvard University President Drew Faust promised a return of ROTC to campus, once DADT was repealed, in a speech with Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Admiral Mike Mullen at the Kennedy School of Government on 17 November 2010.  In December 2010 Congress passed a bill to repeal President Bill Clinton’s 1993 DADT Policy.  On March 4, 2011, Harvard University President Drew Faust signed an agreement with Navy Secretary Ray Mabus formally recognizing the return of Naval ROTC to Harvard’s campus.  According to the agreement's terms, a Director of Naval ROTC would be appointed, and Harvard would provide funding for the program.  The Navy agreement was structured to go into effect when the repeal of DADT was implemented, and was followed by a similar agreement with the Army.  President Barack Obama, who in his 2011 State of the Union address called on all universities to open their doors to ROTC, responded through his spokesman by saying:

Root–Takahira Agreement: The Root–Takahira Agreement (高平・ルート協定 , Takahira-Rūto Kyōtei ) was an agreement between the United States and the Empire of Japan negotiated between United States Secretary of State Elihu Root and Japanese Ambassador to the United States Takahira Kogorō.

Robert Lansing: Robert Lansing ( ; October 17, 1864 – October 30, 1928) was an American lawyer and Conservative Democratic politician who served as Legal Advisor to the State Department at the outbreak of World War I, and then as United States Secretary of State under President Woodrow Wilson from 1915 to 1920.  Before U.S. involvement in the war, Lansing vigorously advocated in favor of the principles of freedom of the seas and the rights of neutral nations.  He later advocated U.S. participation in World War I, negotiated the Lansing–Ishii Agreement with Japan in 1917 and was a member of the American Commission to Negotiate Peace at Paris in 1919.

Brett H. McGurk: Brett H. McGurk (born April 20, 1973) is an American lawyer and diplomat who was appointed by President Barack Obama on 23 October 2015 as Special Presidential Envoy for the Global Coalition to Counter ISIL.  He replaced General John R. Allen to whom he had been a deputy since 16 September 2014.  He also served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Iraq and Iran, at the U.S. Department of State, and from October 2014 through January 2016 led 14 months of secret negotiations with Iran that led to a prisoner swap and release of four Americans from Evin Prison in Tehran, including the Washington Post journalist, Jason Rezaian.  This assignment, among others, reinforced McGurk's "reputation as a doer", according to the NY Times.  He earlier served under President George W. Bush as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Iraq and Afghanistan, and under President Obama as Special Advisor to the U.S. National Security Council and Senior Advisor to the U.S. Ambassador to Iraq.  An attorney by training, Mr. McGurk served as a law clerk to Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist on the U.S. Supreme Court during the Court's 2001 October Term.  On January 19, 2017, President-Elect Donald Trump's press secretary Sean Spicer announced that the incoming administration would retain McGurk in his role leading the counter-ISIS campaign.

Jacob Dolson Cox: Jacob Dolson Cox, (Jr.) (October 27, 1828August 4, 1900) was a statesman, lawyer, Union Army general during the American Civil War, and later a Republican politician from Ohio.  He served as the 28th Governor of Ohio and as United States Secretary of the Interior.  As Governor of Ohio, Cox sided for a time with President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan and was against African American suffrage in the South, though he supported it in Ohio.  Seeing himself caught between Johnson and the Radical Republicans, Cox decided not to run for reelection.  He stayed out of politics for a year, though both Sherman and Grant advocated that Cox replace Stanton as Secretary of War as a means of stemming the demands for Johnson's impeachment.  But Johnson declined.  When Ulysses S. Grant became President he nominated Cox Secretary of Interior and Cox immediately accepted.  Secretary of Interior Cox implemented the first civil service reform in a federal government department, including examinations for most clerks.  Grant initially supported Cox and civil service reform, creating America's first Civil Service Commission.  However, Cox was opposed by Republican Party managers, who ultimately convinced Grant to cease civil service reforms.  President Grant and Secretary Cox were at odds over the fraudulent McGarahan Claims and the Dominican Republic annexation treaty.  Secretary Cox advocated a lasting, honest, and comprehensive Indian policy legislated by Congress after the Piegan Indian massacre.  Cox resigned as Secretary of Interior having been unable to gain Grant's support over civil service reform.  Although Cox was a reformer, Grant had believed Cox had overstepped his authority as Secretary of Interior and had undermined his authority as President.  In 1872 Cox joined the Liberal Republicans in opposition to Grant's renomination.  In 1876 Cox returned to politics and was elected to and served one term as United States Congressman of Ohio.  Congressman Cox supported President Hayes's reform efforts, but his term as Congressman was unsuccessful at establishing permanent Civil Service reform.  Cox retired and did not return to active politics, using his time to write several books on Civil War campaigns which remain today respected histories and memoirs.

Paul A. MacDonald: Paul A. MacDonald (1912 - April 21, 2006) was an American politician and lawyer from Maine.  A Republican, McDonald was elected by the Maine Legislature as the 40th Secretary of State of Maine from 1961-1964.  He was born in rural Jefferson, Maine and prior to serving as Secretary of State, served as Clerk to the Legal Affairs Committee of the Maine Legislature and as a Deputy Secretary of State.  After leaving the Secretary of State position, he served as a District Court Judge for decades.

Elihu Root: Elihu Root ( ; February 15, 1845February 7, 1937) was an American lawyer and statesman who served as the Secretary of State under President Theodore Roosevelt and as Secretary of War under Roosevelt and President William McKinley.  He moved frequently between high-level appointed government positions in Washington, D.C. and private-sector legal practice in New York City.  For that reason, he is sometimes considered to be the prototype of the 20th century political "wise man," advising presidents on a range of foreign and domestic issues.  He was elected by the state legislature as a U.S. Senator from New York and served one term, 1909–1915.  Root was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1912.

Michael J. Callahan: Michael J. Callahan is the former general counsel, executive vice president and corporate secretary at Yahoo!.  He joined Yahoo! in December 1999 as corporate and securities lawyer, and served as Yahoo!'s top lawyer from 2003 to 2012.  In this capacity, he played a role on a number of strategic and corporate governance issues, such as the hostile takeover battle with Microsoft, served as a key adviser to Yahoo!'s CEOs over the years, and was involved in patent settlement negotiations with Facebook.

Kalpana Saini: Kalpana Saini (born 1 October 1959) is an Indian politician belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) who currently serves as District President of Roorkee (Uttarakhand).  She previously served as the State Secretary of the state of Uttarakhand, State President of Uttarakhand Pradhanacharya Parishad from 2003 to 2005.  She has also served as the General Secretary of Durga Vahini, Roorkee Uttarakhand and President of Sewa bharti Matri Mandal, Roorkee and Councilor of the BJP, 1995–2000.  She holds many senior position at BJP, VHP and Yogi Mangalnath Saraswati Shishu mandir.  She began her career as a lecturer and served as Principal at Gandhi mahila shilp Vidyalaya from 1987 and used her long-term connections with the Hindutva organization, Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh to become involved with the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Supporting paragraphs: Root–Takahira Agreement Elihu Root
Answer: Theodore Roosevelt