Question: Pygmalion is a play named after a Greek mythological figure, by which Irish playwright, critic and polemicist whose influence on Western theatre, culture and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond?

Context paragraphs:
Prometheus Unbound (Shelley): Prometheus Unbound is a four-act lyrical drama by Percy Bysshe Shelley, first published in 1820.  It is concerned with the torments of the Greek mythological figure Prometheus, who defies the gods and gives fire to humanity, for which he is subjected to eternal punishment and suffering at the hands of Zeus.  It is inspired by the classical "Prometheia", a trilogy of plays attributed to Aeschylus.  Shelley's play concerns Prometheus' release from captivity, but unlike Aeschylus' version, there is no reconciliation between Prometheus and Jupiter (Zeus).  Instead, Jupiter is abandoned by his supportive elements and falls from power, which allows Prometheus to be released.

Kalamos: Kalamos (Greek: Κάλαμος ; Latin: "Calamus" ) is an ancient Greek word meaning reed or reed pen.  The basis for this meaning is the story of the Greek mythological figure Kalamos, son of Maiandros (god of the Maeander river).

Tlepolemus (disambiguation): Tlepolemus is a Greek mythological figure, a son of Heracles who fought on the Greek side in the Trojan War.

Hades (DC Comics): Hades (also sometimes referred to as Pluto or Hell) is a fictional character appearing in DC Comics publications and related media, commonly as an adversary and sometimes-ally of the super hero Wonder Woman.  Based upon the Greek mythological figure of the same name, he is the Greek god of the dead and ruler of the underworld.

Prometheus Unbound (Aeschylus): Prometheus Unbound (Ancient Greek: Προμηθεὺς Λυόμενος , "Promētheus Lyomenos") is a fragmentary play in the "Prometheia" trilogy attributed to the 5th-century BC Greek tragedian Aeschylus, thought to have followed "Prometheus Bound".  "Prometheus Unbound" was probably followed by "Prometheus the Fire-Bringer".  It is concerned with the torments of the Greek mythological figure Prometheus who defies the gods and proceeds to give fire to humanity (theft of fire), for which he is subjected to eternal punishment and suffering at the hands of Zeus.

George Bernard Shaw: George Bernard Shaw ( ; 26 July 1856 – 2 November 1950), known at his insistence simply as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic and polemicist whose influence on Western theatre, culture and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond.  He wrote more than sixty plays, including major works such as "Man and Superman" (1902), "Pygmalion" (1912)" and Saint Joan" (1923).  With a range incorporating both contemporary satire and historical allegory, Shaw became the leading dramatist of his generation, and in 1925 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Médée Bay: Médée Bay is a natural bay off the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.  It faces the modern village and archeological site of L'Anse aux Meadows, whose original name "Anse à la Médée" ("The Médée's Cove") was first recorded on a 1862 French nautical chart and came from a ship named after the Greek mythological figure of Medea.

Hippodamia: Hippodamia ( } or ; also Hippodamea and Hippodameia; Greek: Ἱπποδάμεια "she who masters horses" derived from ἵππος "hippos" "horse" and δαμάζειν "damazein" "to tame") was a Greek mythological figure.  She was the queen of Pisa as the wife of Pelops.

Pygmalion (play): Pygmalion is a play by George Bernard Shaw, named after a Greek mythological figure.  It was first presented on stage to the public in 1913.

Tantalus: Tantalus (Ancient Greek: Τάνταλος , "Tántalos") was a Greek mythological figure, most famous for his eternal punishment in Tartarus.  He was made to stand in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree with low branches, with the fruit ever eluding his grasp, and the water always receding before he could take a drink.  He was the father of Pelops, Niobe and Broteas, and was a son of Zeus and the nymph Plouto.  Thus, like other heroes in Greek mythology such as Theseus and the Dioskouroi, Tantalus had both a hidden, divine parent and a mortal one.

Supporting paragraphs: Pygmalion (play) George Bernard Shaw
Answer: George Bernard Shaw