Question: What is the nationality of the singer-songwriter who wrote the poetry collection Early Work ?

Context paragraphs:
Sandy Shreve: Sandy Shreve is a Canadian poet, editor and visual artist living on Pender Island, British Columbia.  Shreve has written, edited and/or co-edited eight books and two chapbooks.  Her latest poetry collection is "Waiting for the Albatross".  Recent work has appeared in her chapbooks, "Cedar Cottage Suite" and "Level Crossing".  Her work is widely anthologized and has won or been shortlisted for several awards, including the Earle Birney Prize (for "Elles", published in "Prism Magazine", 2000) and the Milton Acorn Peoples Poetry Award (for "Belonging", Sono Nis Press, 1997).  She co-edited, with Kate Braid, the anthology "In Fine Form – The Canadian Book of Form Poetry" (2005) and "In Fine Form, 2nd edition - A Contemporary Look and Canadian Form Poetry"(2016); edited "Working For A Living", a collection of poems and stories by women about their work (Room of One’s Own, 1988) and founded BC’s "Poetry in Transit" program, which has been displaying BC poetry in SkyTrain cars and buses across the province since 1996.

B. H. Fairchild: B.H. Fairchild (born 1942) is an American poet and former college professor.  His most recent book is "Usher" (W.W. Norton, 2009), and his poems have appeared in literary journals and magazines including "The New Yorker", "The Paris Review", "The Southern Review", "Poetry", "TriQuarterly", "The Hudson Review", "Salmagundi", "The Sewanee Review."  His third poetry collection, "The Art of the Lathe," winner of the 1997 Beatrice Hawley Award (Alice James Books, 1998), brought Fairchild's work to national prominence, garnering him a large number of awards and fellowships including the William Carlos Williams Award, Kingsley Tufts Poetry Award, California Book Award, Natalie Ornish Poetry Award, PEN Center USA West Poetry Award, National Book Award (finalist), Capricorn Poetry Award, and Rockefeller and Guggenheim fellowships.  The book ultimately gave him international prominence, as The Way Weiser Press in England published the U.K. edition of the book.  "The Los Angeles Times" wrote that ""The Art of the Lathe" by B.H. Fairchild has become a contemporary classic—a passionate example of the plain style, so finely crafted and perfectly pitched...workhorse narratives suffused with tenderness and elegiac music."

Saeed Ahmad Akhtar: Saeed Ahmad Akhtar was an Urdu poet, playwright and educationist.  He came up with his 1st Urdu poetry collection “Diyaar e Shab” in 1976.  It was the best selling book of the year and got many awards including the "Abbasin Arts Council Award" for the best book of the year.  He published 12 Urdu poetry collections and one English poetry collection so far.  All his books sold out like hot cakes.  He also wrote many plays and documentaries for Pakistan television and Radio Pakistan.

Kevin MacNeil: Kevin MacNeil is a Scottish novelist, poet and playwright born and raised in the Outer Hebrides.  His latest novel, "The Brilliant & Forever", was published by Polygon in March 2016.  MacNeil's previous novels, "A Method Actor's Guide to Jekyll and Hyde" (Polygon, 2011) and best-selling debut, "The Stornoway Way" (Hamish Hamilton, 2005), were both published to widespread critical acclaim.  MacNeil’s first book, the poetry collection "Love and Zen in the Outer Hebrides" (Canongate, 1998), won the Tivoli Europa Giovani International Poetry Prize for best poetry collection published in Europe by a writer under 35.  He is also the author of "Be Wise Be Otherwise" (Canongate) and the plays "Sweetness", an adaptation of a novel by Swedish author Torgny Lindgren, and "The Callanish Stoned" (Theatre Hebrides), and his short stories have been published extensively.  MacNeil's anthology of poetry from the Scottish islands, "These Islands, We Sing", was published by Polygon in June 2011.

Bhau Panchbhai: Bhau Panchabhai(1 March 1944 - 21Jan 2016 @ 5.30am) is a Marathi poet, writer, and Dalit activist.  Panchbhai is best known for his first poetry collection "Hunkaar Vadaalnche (हुंकार वादळांचे)" for which he was awarded by Government of Maharashtra for best poetry collection that year(1989).  His poetry is considered as a prototype of Ambedkarite poetry and is translated in various languages including English.  He lives at Nagpur and works as a lawyer.

Heichū Monogatari: Tales of Heichū (Heichū monogatari) belongs to the genre of uta monogatari poem tales that emerged in Japanese literature from the mid 10th to the early 11th centuries.  As early as the "Collection of Ten-Thousand Leaves" ("Manyōshū"), a poetry collection completed around 759, there appeared poems introduced by brief prose narrations.  The imperial court began to come alive with poetry from around this time.  People exchanged poetry with one another on topics as diverse as love and politics and religion.  Towards the end of the 9th century it was common for individual poets to keep compilations of their own verse, sometimes explaining in prose the circumstances behind a poem's composition.  The highest honor was to have ones poem selected for inclusion in the "Collection of Ancient and Modern Poetry" (Kokinshū), the first imperial poetry collection, which was completed around 905.  By the middle of the 10th century the idea of a poem paired with a prose narration seems to have taken hold, and "Tales of Ise" (Ise monogatari), "Tales of Heichū", and "Tales of Yamato" (Yamato monogatari) seem to have emerged at about this same time.  Also, the second imperial poetry collection, "Collection of Later Poetry" (Gosenshū), commissioned in 951 and compiled shortly thereafter, has many narrative qualities.  The only extant manuscript of "Tales of Heichū" is a 61-page codex discovered in 1931 that seems to date from the Kamakura Period (1185–1333), some three hundred years after the work's probable date of composition.

The Poetry Collection: A University at Buffalo Libraries Special Collection, The Poetry Collection at the University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, is devoted to 20th century poetry in English and English translation.  Founded by Charles David Abbott, the University at Buffalo's first Director of Libraries, The Poetry Collection contains over 100,000 volumes by every major and many minor poet writing in English.  Recordings of poets reading from their own works, poets' notebooks, letters and manuscripts, and a wide variety of literary magazines are also included in this collection.  Approximately 5,000 little magazine titles, 1,200 current subscriptions, and a number of portraits, sculptures, and photographs round out the collection.  Also included in the Poetry Collection is the James Joyce Archive, the world's largest collection of James Joyce manuscripts, books and artifacts.

Patti Smith: Patricia Lee Smith (born December 30, 1946) is an American singer-songwriter, poet, and visual artist who became an influential component of the New York City punk rock movement with her 1975 debut album "Horses".

Early Work: Early Work is a poetry collection by Patti Smith, published in 1994.

Bjarki Karlsson: Bjarki Már Karlsson (b. 1965) is a poet, linguist, and systems analyst.  His first poetry collection, "Árleysi alda", won the Bókmenntaverðlaun Tómasar Guðmundssonar (Tómas Guðmundsson Award) for 2013.  and the Bókmenntaverðlaun starfsfólks bókaverslana in the poetry category in the same year.  The book was Iceland's best-selling poetry collection in 2013.

Supporting paragraphs: Early Work Patti Smith
Answer: American