1960-11-18

Mr. Speaker:: I have the honour to inform the house that, consequent upon notification of a vacancy in the representation given in this house on Thursday, November 17, 1960, by the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate, pursuant to section 10 of the House of Commons Act I have addressed my warrant to the chief electoral officer for the issue of a new writ for the election of a member in the electoral district of Esquimalt-Saanich.



COLUMBIA RIVER-TABLING OF REPORT OF CANADA-U.S. NEGOTIATORS

Hon. E. D. Fulton (Minister of Justice):: Mr. Speaker, I should like to lay on the table for the information of hon. members two copies of the report made to the governments of the United States and Canada on September 28 by the negotiators appointed to work out an agreement for the joint development of the water resources of the Columbia river. I have arranged to have a number of extra copies sent to the distribution office for the convenience of hon. members who may wish to obtain them. A limited number of French translations of the report have also been prepared in my office and will be available from the distribution office, but I should inform the house that they should not be regarded as an official translation.



BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Hon. L. B. Pearson (Leader of the Opposition):: Mr. Speaker, I should like to ask the Prime Minister whether he would consider arranging the business of the house in such a way that commencing next Tuesday the house can begin consideration of the plans for dealing with unemployment which the Prime Minister said on September 21 last were ready for presentation in detail.


Right Hon. J. G. Diefenbaker (Prime Minister):: Mr. Speaker, I made two motions yesterday afternoon which were indicative of 90205-6-2
the desire of the government to get on with the business of the house. At the moment, however, I do not intend to answer directly the question that has been asked. After leaders' day is over, discussions may then take place between the representatives of the government and the opposition to the end that appropriate arrangements may be made to proceed at the earliest opportunity with those measures that are ready.


Hon. Lionel Chevrier (Laurier):: May I ask
a supplementary question, Mr. Speaker. May 1 ask the Prime Minister if he will undertake to table the supplementary estimates today so that an opportunity will be given to the members of the opposition to be in a position to deal with them adequately at the beginning of the week?


John George Diefenbaker: The Minister of Finance might deal with that question.


Hon. Donald M. Fleming (Minister of Finance):: Following the action that was taken by the house yesterday afternoon, it is the intention to table the supplementary estimates at the next sitting of the house.



INQUIRY AS TO DISCUSSION OF SUPPLEMENTARY BUDGET

[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Mr. J. R. Garland (Nipissing):: I should like to direct a question to the Minister of Finance. Will the minister give the house the assurance that his supplementary budget will be presented early enough to permit debate before the Christmas recess?


Mr. Speaker:: I do not know whether the hon. member is seeking to reopen the discussion as to the arrangements for the business of the house, but it seems to me that his question does relate to that subject.


John Richard Garland: With respect, this matter was raised yesterday in the speech from the throne, and I think we are entitled to ask this question.


Mr. Speaker:: Would the hon. member repeat his question?


John Richard Garland: Will the minister give the house an assurance that his supplementary budget, as it was described in the speech from the throne, will be presented early enough to permit debate before the Christmas recess?

Inquiries of the Ministry Hon. Donald M. Fleming (Minister of Finance): The hon. gentleman is acquainted with the statement contained in the speech from the throne yesterday that it is the intention to introduce a supplementary budget, as it has been called, before the Christmas recess. The exact date has not been announced, but it will be announced in due course. I am sure it will be early enough for the opposition.



INDIAN AFFAIRS


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Mr. Frank Howard (Skeena):: Mr. Speaker, I wish to direct a question to the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration. My question is based on what I hope is an omission in the throne speech. Can the minister indicate whether it is the intention of the government to move for the re-establishment of the joint committee on Indian affairs this session?


Hon. Ellen L. Fairclough (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration):: Yes, Mr. Speaker.



LABOUR CONDITIONS


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Mr. Hazen Argue (Assiniboia):: I should like to direct a question to the Minister of Labour. Can the minister inform the house what action has been taken and what progress is being made toward settlement of the grain handlers' strike that constitutes a very serious threat to the income of western grain producers?


Hon. Michael Starr (Minister of Labour):: The facilities of the Department of Labour have been made available at all times to both parties to the dispute. As a result of the situation existing between the employers on the one hand and the labour unions on the other, and their failure to arrive at a satisfactory agreement, we have now appointed an industrial inquiry commissioner in the person of Mr. Craig Munroe, Q.C., of New Westminster. He is holding meetings each and every day in order to facilitate agreement between these parties.


Hazen Robert Argue: May I ask the minister what information he has as to the progress being made toward a settlement? Does the commissioner look for an early settlement?


Michael Starr: The reports we have from the commissioner are that he is hopeful the parties will be able to arrive at a settlement that will be acceptable to both parties.
	i



THREATENED RAIL STRIKE


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Lionel Chevrier: May I
direct a question to the Minister of Transport and ask him what action, if any, the government is taking to deal with the nation-wide rail strike that is now contemplated for December 3?


Hon. Leon Balcer (Minister of Transport):: Since this is a matter of national importance, I think the question might be directed to the Prime Minister.


John George Diefenbaker: The question, of course, does deal with two departments of government, the Department of Transport and the Department of Labour. Arrangements have been made for a meeting to take place tomorrow in the city of Montreal to provide the opportunity for discussions between the ministers representing the government, the railway presidents and the labour unions concerned. The ministers will meet first with the representatives of the unions, and then later in the day with the representatives of the railways. Those who will represent the government are the Minister of Transport (Mr, Balcer), the Minister of Labour (Mr. Starr), and one other minister who is a member for one of the Montreal constituencies, the Postmaster General (Mr. Hamilton), will also take part.


Lionel Chevrier: May I ask a supplementary question. Has the government reached a decision on the matter of a subsidy to meet the wage increases?


Mr. Speaker:: The hon. member is asking a broad question of policy. If the government should see fit to deal with it in this way it would be in order, but it is a question of policy.


Lester Bowles Pearson: May I ask whether the Prime Minister contemplates at any time taking part in these discussions which he has mentioned?


John George Diefenbaker: The Prime Minister will always take part in discussions when that will be beneficial. These are preliminary discussions and if, in the light of experience in the days ahead, the Prime Minister may be helpful in any way, either in his or the government's opinion, then of course he will take part.


Lionel Chevrier: I should like to follow up the question I asked earlier and inquire whether the Prime Minister would care to answer, as to whether a decision has been

reached in connection with a rail subsidy being given to look after the increase in wage rate.


John George Diefenbaker: In the first place, as Your Honour pointed out, it is an improper question. In the second place, any statement at this time, whether affirmative or negative, would not be beneficial in any way in securing an agreement between the parties.



PETERBOROUGH, ONT.    REFERENCE TO SPEECH BY MINISTER

[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Mr. Waller Pitman (Peterborough):: I would like to ask a question of the Minister of Labour. Is the minister now in a position to indicate whether the additional work referred to while he was in Peterborough during the by-election will soon be announced?


Michael Starr: Mr. Speaker, I received notice of this question, and it is in such general terms that I would refer the hon. member to the speech from the throne.



BROADCASTING


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Mr. H. W. Herridge (Kootenay West):: In
view of my interest in the rights of legitimate and socially desirable free enterprise, I want to ask the Minister of National Revenue a question. In view of the fact that a local radio station in Kootenay West, owned by a local daily paper, has denied the use of its facilities for advertising to another local paper on the ground that it is a competitor, will the minister have this action on the part of the radio station investigated in order to determine whether it is a breach of the broadcasting law and regulations, and refer the question to the Minister of Justice to find out whether the terms of the Combines Investigation Act have been violated by this action?


Mr. Speaker:: The hon. member was good enough to send me a copy of his question. I have been somewhat concerned about the latter part of it. I think the early part might be asked of the Minister of National Revenue but in asking for an opinion as to whether the Combines Investigation Act has been violated it seems to me there is a contravention of the rule against seeking legal opinions or interpretations of statutes on the orders of the day.


Hon. George C. Nowlan (Minister of National Revenue):: Mr. Speaker, as the hon. member well knows, all matters affecting broadcasting or the control and regulation of
9
Inquiries of the Ministry broadcasting come within the purview of the board of broadcast governors. I will, of course, refer his question to that board for an answer. Of course, as Your Honour suggested, if there should be any infringement of other statutes that come under the jurisdiction of others of my colleagues, that part of the question should at the proper time be directed to them.


Herbert Wilfred Herridge: I have a supplementary question, Mr. Speaker. In view of the reply given by the minister, will the Minister of Justice have this question investigated inasmuch as there is a good bit of concern about it? I have been requested to ask the question by people in business and others who are concerned with the principle.


Edmund Davie Fulton: Mr. Speaker, the hon. member may be assured that any situation such as this that is drawn to our attention will receive early consideration.



AIRPORTS


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Mr. Hubert Badanai (Fort William):: I wish to direct a question to the Minister of Transport. Can the minister inform the house whether a contract has been awarded for the construction of the Flin Flon airport? If so, who was the successful contractor?


Some hon. Members:: Order paper.


Mr. Speaker:: It is early in the session, and I think we should get off on a sound footing. A question asking for information of that kind should more properly go on the order paper.


Hubert Badanai: On a point of order, Mr. Speaker, may I say this. The minister was informed a couple of days ago of my intention to ask the question, and probably he has the answer.


Léon Balcer: I should like to respect your ruling, Mr. Speaker.



NATIONAL DEFENCE


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Hon. Paul Hellyer (Trinity):: I should like to direct a question to the Minister of National Defence. Is the minister going to visit Washington next week to discuss defence matters, as indicated in the press? If so, can he give the house any indication as to the matters which will be discussed at that time?

Inquiries of the Ministry


Hon. D. S. Harkness (Minister of National Defence):: As announced, I think in both Ottawa and Washington, I am going down on Sunday afternoon to spend the next day with Mr. Gates, the United States secretary of defence and some of the other defence officials, as a matter of getting acquainted with those gentlemen and having some general discussion with regard to defence matters.



BRIDGES


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Mr. J. T. Richard (Otiawa East):: I should like to ask the Minister of Public Works whether at this time he has anything further to report on the progress of the interprovincial bridge across the Ottawa river.


Hon. D. J. Walker (Minister of Public Works):: My hon. friend will be happy to know, as I am sure will all members of the house, that plans are getting along just as fast as possible and, as a matter of fact, much faster than could possibly have been anticipated.



CAPE BRETON


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Mr. H. J. Robichaud (Gloucester):: I wish to direct a question to the Minister of Mines and Technical Surveys. Is it the intention of the government to take any action to prevent the loss of more than 2,000 jobs in Cape Breton which will result from anticipated mine closures?


Hon. Paul Comiois (Minister of Mines and Technical Surveys):: I will have a statement prepared early next week on this matter.


Hédard-J. Robichaud: A supplementary question, Mr. Speaker. Will the minister also make a statement-


Mr. Speaker:: Order. The hon. member has risen on another question, because there could be no supplementary question on the answer given. A supplementary question should be for the purpose of clarifying the answer.



INQUIRY AS TO ACTION ON REPORT OF ROYAL COMMISSION

[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Hédard-J. Robichaud: Mr. Speaker, may I direct a second question to the Minister of Mines and Technical Surveys.


Is the minister in a position to make a statement on the attitude of the government toward the recommendations of the royal commission and can he tell the house whether it is the intention of the government to take action on this report at this session of parliament?


Paul Comtois: Mr. Speaker, this is a matter of government policy. As soon as a full study of the matter has been made I will report to the house and make a statement on it.



THE CENSUS


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Lionel Chevrier: May I direct a question to the Minister of Trade and Commerce and ask him whether, in view of the representations made by many groups in the province of Quebec, the minister can assure the house that a question will be included in the census to be taken next June as to the racial origin of Canadians, as has always been done up to now?


Hon. George H. Hees (Minister of Trade and Commerce):: I am so glad to see that the continuity of past sessions is continuing in the very friendly relationship between the hon. member for Laurier and myself. My new portfolio has not altered that at all. I thought he, or some other member from the opposite side, might be asking this question, so I have an answer here for him. I just happen to have brought my music with me.


Lester Bowles Pearson: You brought over your same executive assistant.


George Harris Hees: I asked the chief statistician of the dominion bureau of statistics about this matter and he has written me a letter, which I have here. With the permission of the house, I would like to read what he has said on this important matter:
Dear Mr. Hees:
Further to our discussions of this morning, I am submitting a report on the proposed procedure for asking the "Origin" question of all persons during the 1961 census of Canada.
Prior to the 1951 census of Canada, the government of that day instructed the dominion bureau of statistics to accept "Canadian" and "U.S.A." in reply to question 17, "Origin". Because there was no marking position for either of these entries, the enumerators were instructed to write the answers in the space provided.
The instructions to the enumerators for completion of the question on "Origin" used in the 1951 census of Canada were as follows:
Then he outlines them very carefully, and I will not take up the time of the house by

reading them. I will be very glad to let the hon. member see them; they are here for any member to read. Then he goes on to say:
Although the intent of the question was to determine the ethnic groups to which individuals belonged, in the 1951 census of Canada a total of 152,000 people insisted that their origin was "Canadian", "U.S.A." or "Unknown".
I have here the instructions for the enumerators for the census to be held next year. They are almost identical to those given out to the enumerators for the 1951 census, with some clarification of points that bothered enumerators at that time and are small points of clarification. On the form which the enumerator has, which is at all times in the enumerator's possession, and is not shown to the person being questioned, there is a line marked "Canadian" and a number of other racial origins. This had be to written in, as I say, a total of 152,000 times in the 1951 census. This is simply to make things easier for those doing the enumerating. So I think the hon. member and all members of the house will agree that the census at this time will be carried out in the identical manner in which it was carried out in 1951, the only difference being that there is a line on which to put the origin "Canadian" when it is insisted upon, a classification which was authorized by the previous government prior to the census of 1951.



HIGHWAYS


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Frank Howard: I wish to direct a question to the Secretary of State for External Affairs. Can he give the house any information regarding the progress of negotiations between Canada and the United States concerning the so-called marine highway between the panhandle of Alaska and Prince Rupert, B.C.?


Hon. Howard C. Green (Secretary of State for External Affairs):: Informal discussions, but not negotiations, have taken place with the United States concerning the proposed Alaska marine highway which, as the hon. member knows, lies through American waters, at least for most of the way. Until now, useful negotiations could not, in fact, take place.
However, on November 11 the Battelle institute reported to the United States Alaska international rail and highway commission. This report favoured the institution of the proposed ferry system. Furthermore, on November 8 a plebiscite took place in the state of Alaska with respect to the borrowing of funds which would be necessary for this purpose. The final results of the plebiscite are
Inquiries of the Ministry not yet available but as of today there is a slim majority in favour of borrowing money for this marine highway. The final result will not be available for about a week.


Frank Howard: I wonder if I could ask the minister whether the part that Canada will play in these arrangements as far as ferry facilities are concerned would be conducted through the office of the Secretary of State for External Affairs or through the Department of Public Works?


Howard Charles Green: I expect that both departments would be concerned.



IMMIGRATION


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Hon. J. W. Pickersgill (Bonavisia-Twil-lingate):: I should like to ask the Prime Minister whether his attention has been drawn to a statement attributed in the press to the Secretary of State, which reads as follows:
He accused the Liberals of trying to "anglicize" French Canada by bringing over more immigrants from the British Isles than from any other European country.


Mr. Speaker:: Order. If the hon. member's intention is simply to ask the Prime Minister whether he has seen a report in the papers, that is not a matter of urgent public importance. If he has a question to ask relating to the report, will he please ask his question.


John Whitney Pickersgill: I have a question to ask relating to the report in the paper, but it would not be intelligible without reading from the report. There are, I submit, many precedents for asking such questions.


Mr. Speaker:: The hon. member is entitled to state whatever facts are necessary in order to base his question concisely.


John Whitney Pickersgill: I continue from the point I had reached. This is in quotation marks:
"They tried to eliminate the French Canadians for the benefit of the English", he said.
Prime Minister Diefenbaker, he added, had promptly closed the door on this immigration and was trying to offset the Liberal "anglicization" by fostering immigration from Italy.
The question I wanted to ask the right hon. gentleman was whether his colleague was actually speaking for him on this occasion.


Mr. Speaker:: I am sorry; I did not hear to whom the statement was attributed.


John Whitney Pickersgill: The statement, Mr. Speaker, was attributed to the hon. member for Belle-chasse (Mr. Dorion) after he became Secretary of State for Canada. It was reported in a
house of commons
Inquiries of the Ministry number of newspapers and relates, of course, to the conduct of the government and of the Prime Minister.


Mr. Speaker:: If it was a statement by a minister, it is in accordance with the practice to ask if the statement is in accordance with the policy of the government.


John Whitney Pickersgill: On a point of order, Mr. Speaker, it is a well-known doctrine of our constitution that there is collective responsibility in the ministry, when one of the ministers purports to state any policy or to comment on the conduct of the government in relation to the particular matter. I asked the Prime Minister-and I think one is entitled to ask-whether the Prime Minister was being represented correctly.
(Translation):


Hon. Noel Dorion (Secretary of State):: Mr. Speaker, fortunately, I have here the exact text of my statement, and I find that the reports appearing in some newspapers are substantially at variance with what I said. My statement was also different from what my hon. colleague has indicated; in fact, it was based on a statement made by Mr. Harris, then minister of immigration, on January 11, 1954. I quote:
(Text):


Mr. Speaker:: Order. I take it that the hon. member is rising on a question of privilege to correct a statement.
(Translation):


Noël Dorion: Which read as follows, and I quote Mr. Harris:
(Text):
It is true that, from time to time, the racial origin may not be in balance and some alarmists might be concerned about a temporary trend but we should judge the results on the over-all period. For example, we have always felt that the British people should represent the greater portion of our immigrants and we have done our best to increase the flow from the United Kingdom in the past four years, realizing that the figure of 13,000 at that time was too low. The figure has risen steadily to over 48,000 this past year.
(Translation):
It is on that basis that I made my statement which was quite in line with the statement made by Mr. Harris, who was then minister of immigration.
(Text):


Hon. Gordon Churchill (Minister of Veterans Affairs):: Mr. Speaker, on a point of order, may I direct Your Honour's attention to the fact that when you spoke a moment ago you asked the Secretary of State if he were now going to correct his statement. I think what you intended to do was to ask him if he was

about to speak in order to correct the statement made by the hon. member for Bonavista-Twillingate based on an incorrect press report.


John Whitney Pickersgill: Mr. Speaker, I rise on a question of privilege. I had not intended to raise this if the house leader had not. The report I read was taken from a very reputable newspaper, and my friend the hon. member for Laurier has an almost identical report in the French language from another highly reputable newspaper containing in quotation marks the statement that the Prime Minister had stopped this immigration in order to stop the anglicization.


Mr. Speaker:: In order that there may be no misunderstanding about my intervention let me say that I was simply endeavouring to make clear the position of the minister, that he was rising on a question of privilege with respect to a statement attributed to him. I did not intend to prejudge any statement made by anyone.



NUCLEAR ENERGY


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Hazen Robert Argue: Mr. Speaker, I wish to direct a question to the Minister of National Health and Welfare. Could the minister comment on the newspaper report that the Nova Scotia government has requested the federal department of health to investigate a report that waste atomic materials are being dumped by the United States in the Atlantic ocean 200 miles south of Yarmouth? Could the minister say what action has been taken as a result of this request?


Hon. J. W. Monteith (Minister of National Health and Welfare):: Mr. Speaker, I should like to thank the hon. member for having given me notice of his intention to ask this question. A letter on this subject was received by my department only an hour or two ago, and the contents of this letter are now being studied.
We are kept fully aware of the means of disposal of atomic wastes used by the United States atomic energy commission. The authorized area closest to Yarmouth is about two hundred miles to the south, outside the continental shelf. International authorities feel that safe control can be maintained over the disposal of low-level wastes under certain conditions such as those employed in this area.



CANADIAN NATIONAL RAILWAYS


[Stage Direction]
On the orders of the day:
Lionel Chevrier: Mr. Speaker, may I direct a question to the Minister of

Transport based on a statement attributed to the hon. gentleman in the Ottawa Journal of November 10, to the effect that Canadian National Railways president Donald Gordon is continuing in office for the time being although his appointment has expired. Will the minister explain to the house whether in fact an appointment has now been made and, if not, the cause of the delay in making any such appointment?


Léon Balcer: Mr. Speaker, as the house is aware, in the throne speech of yesterday the government declared its intention of increasing the number of directors of the Canadian National Railways from 7 to 12. The government has decided that instead of making these appointments piecemeal they will all be made at the same time, and in the meantime the directors have agreed to carry on their functions.


Lionel Chevrier: Mr. Speaker, may I ask the
Minister of Transport a supplementary question, arising out of the one I just asked. If the appointment of the president of the C.N.R. has run out, as the minister has indicated it has, how then is the president's salary being paid?


Léon Balcer: Mr. Speaker, the appointment of the president has not run out. The appointment of four directors expired on September 30. They have been asked to carry on and are carrying on.


Lionel Chevrier: But under what authority are they carrying on?


Léon Balcer: Under the authority of the act. SPEECH FROM THE THRONE



ADDRESS IN REPLY, MOVED BY MR. DONALD MACINNIS AND SECONDED BY MR. REMI PAUL

[Stage Direction]
The house proceeded to the consideration of the speech delivered by His Excellency the Governor General at the opening of the session.
Mr. Donald Maclnnis (Cape Breton South):: Mr. Speaker, whenever a new session of parliament convenes the hon. member whose duty and privilege it is to move the address in reply to the speech from the throne rises in his place and protests that the honour was intended, not for him personally but for the constituency he represents.
In no case within my memory has that statement been more appropriate or significant than it is today. By selecting a representative from a mining town in Nova Scotia for this task the right hon. Prime Minister (Mr. Diefenbaker) apparently seeks to direct
The Address-Mr. Maclnnis the attention and interest of the nation in a dramatic and forceful way to the problems of the Atlantic region.
In particular, I believe the Prime Minister is concerned and wishes to enlist the concern of this house for the grave situation in the coal industry of Nova Scotia. Therefore, I am honoured, not only to express the views toward the speech from the throne which I know are shared by a majority of the members of the house but I am also very conscious of my responsibilities today as spokesman for my friends and colleagues from Cape Breton and the mainland of Nova Scotia, all of whose constituencies are vitally affected by the fortunes and misfortunes of the coal industry.
Before I proceed may I be the first to congratulate the new members and to place on record my welcome to the hon. members for Niagara Falls (Miss LaMarsh), for Peterborough (Mr. Pitman), for Labelle (Mr. Clermont) and for Royal (Mr. Flemming). I am particularly happy to see that the new forestry portfolio has been assigned to a member from the Atlantic provinces. Quite aside from the importance of the portfolio itself, it is encouraging to us who come from Canada's far east to note the elevation to the cabinet of one of New Brunswick's most distinguished and respected native sons. I wish to congratulate the other hon. members who have been sworn of the privy council since last we met.
On September 26 Canadians proudly heard their Prime Minister speak for them and for the common people of all races, colours and creeds on the earth, to the chiefs of state gathered at the general assembly of the United Nations. We as Canadians are grateful and offer the Prime Minister our warmest congratulations and thanks for a job well done. The Prime Minister spoke for a free people living in an independent country which has held proudly to its partnership in the commonwealth of nations. He spoke to the rulers of the captive nations. He spoke with the conviction and the eloquence of a man whose love for parliament and for free democratic institutions is his greatest single asset. In speaking for Canada, in articulating the Canadian philosophy he expressed as well the spirit of the millions of people whose longing for freedom has as yet no forum for expression. I mention this speech of the Prime Minister because I know that Canada seeks to teach not only by precept but by example as well.
I am sure all sides of the house will wish to join with me in extending congratulations to the Secretary of State for External Affairs (Mr. Green) on the fine representation he has

The Address-Mr. Maclnnis given Canada in this office. This representation has been exemplified in a comment by the premier of Sweden who said:
Of all the world leaders, the man In the forefront of the fight for disarmament is the Hon. Howard Green.
Here we are today the elected representatives of the people gathered in a free parliament and here we are as a parliament facing problems which are bound to solve not only economic problems but, most important, human problems. Surely, Mr. Speaker, we may prove at this session that there is no limit to what democracy can accomplish. Surely at this session we can again disprove the cynics who claim that economic misfortunes, poverty and unemployment are endemic in our system.
In facing and solving our problems, these human problems, as a free parliament we will contribute, not only to the welfare and the progress of our own country but we will once again show the world what democratic institutions can contribute to human betterment. I believe that this government and this parliament are possessed of the will to solve these problems; they will find the way.
In the optimism of opening day all of us entertain high hopes that this arrangement will work, as it is intended to work, to enable us to spend more time in our respective constituencies. Members of all parties are concerned lest prolonged absence from our constituencies should cause a rift between what an hon. member of the opposition has called the brass and the grass. If we prorogue, as I trust we will, earlier in the summer than usual, I hope many hon. members will avail themselves of the opportunity to visit Cape Breton and enjoy its scenic pleasures while at the same time contributing something practical to the prosperity of our tourist industry.
The throne speech indicates the government's intentions. It proposes measures, both immediate and long term, to promote the development and expansion of our economy; measures of an immediate nature, to which I will refer later, including a large program of winter works, national housing stimulus, public works program and long range measures destined to achieve economic stability. It foresees the establishment of a productivity council which would include membership from among industry, labour, agriculture and Canada's distinguished scientists and economists. The chief aim of the council would be to increase the productivity of our primary and secondary industries. Such increased productivity would strengthen Canada's trading position.


Measures are also foreseen to assist small businesses to expand and meet their growing needs. Added credit facilities for small businesses will mean new capital investment in the near future, thus contributing to the creation of new jobs, and also place small business, generally, on a sounder financial footing. This should improve the position of secondary industry, and help the purchase by Canadians of more Canadian products.
A very forward looking measure provides for the training and retraining of workers. This will be a useful step in combatting the effects of technological and structural unemployment. This has been one of the paradoxes concerning unemployment in Canada, that while the figures are high there are thousands of jobs that remain unfilled because of lack of qualified personnel.
Canadians will be encouraged to participate more widely in the ownership and control of industry and resources in Canada. Unions will be required to disclose information when they are controlled from outside Canada. Similar provisions will apply to operations in regard to Canadian subsidiaries of foreign corporations.
The government is aware of the need to improve physical fitness, especially among the youth of the country, and means will be placed before parliament for encouraging participation in amateur athletics. World prestige among nations today is often measured by their success in international sports events. It is hoped that such a program will permit Canada to rise to a position of prominence in the near future. We have a healthy nation for a basis and should attain the success which has been sadly lacking in all sports with the exception of hockey.
The principle of the Prime Minister's suggested international food bank has been accepted by the United Nations and, if implemented, will help to create a more equitable distribution of world food supplies. From the Canadian point of view it constitutes a very good way to deal with some of our agricultural surpluses, which is beneficial not only to the nations that receive them but also to the general health of our agricultural industry.
By almost any standard you care to use, Mr. Speaker, the Canadian economy is prosperous, progressive and dynamic. The gross national product has reached record heights. In 1960 there have been more persons employed in Canada than ever before and they are earning more than ever before. They are saving more than they ever have. Canada's exports and Canada's imports are at a record level. Canada's total trade is at a record level. Farm cash income, including supplementary payments, is higher. The

public's holdings of government securities have reached an all-time total. Savings deposits in Canadian banks have never been higher. Labour income is at an all-time high. Retail sales are higher than ever before. Liquidity in the Canadian economy is strong. Capital spending on new plant and equipment is on the increase.
Figures from the dominion bureau of statistics released on November 15 show that
6,131,000	Canadians were at work. In October there were 92,000 more people at work than in October of the previous year. In the last three years the Canadian economy has provided 272,000 new jobs, a marked increase over the three-year period preceding the election of this government. Canadian workers received an estimated $1,577 million in wages and salaries in June, 1960, an increase of 2.9 per cent over the previous month and 3.2 per cent over the same month in 1959. In the first half of 1960 labour income was up 4.4 per cent compared with the first half of last year.
I cite these statistics, Mr. Speaker, to point up the rather unusual environment in which we have to combat a problem of unemployment. Our economy is obviously forging ahead, but despite the incontestable fact of an expanding and prosperous economy we do have the problem of unemployment. Even with the great strides the economy has taken it has not been able to accommodate all of the unprecedented increase in the number of Canadians who, for various reasons, are looking for jobs. Hon. members are well aware of the reasons for this increase: the large influx of young men and women into the labour market, technological displacement, the shift of agricultural population to the cities, the increase in married women working, relatively young pensioners, farmers and others who take on full-time or part time jobs.
Since the government came to office in 1957 it has applied itself to the problem of unemployment with a measure of diligence and determination that has earned the support of all thinking Canadians. The government has attacked unemployment with a wide variety of weapons. First, of all, the maximum of assistance is being paid to those who are unemployed. Benefits have been extended since this government took office to cover fishermen and married women. The benefit period has been increased from 36 to 52 weeks and the amounts of the benefits themselves have been increased.
The government recognizes the fact that to fight unemployment something more is needed than financial assistance to those without jobs. The present government has
The Address-Mr. Maclnnis increased from 50 to 75 per cent its contribution for training unemployed workers. For the fiscal year 1959-60 the federal government has provided $9.5 million for what we now know as vocational training assistance. In the two winters it has been in operation the winter works incentive program has created a total of 3.5 million man days of work which otherwise would not have been provided. It has provided over 150,000 new onsite and off-site jobs. A conservative estimate is that this year the program will provide
200,000	new on-site and off-site jobs. That figure could go as high as 250,000. The federal contribution is 50 per cent of labour costs. The contributions of the provinces last year ranged from nothing to 25 per cent and so far this year from nothing to 40 per cent.
The government has increased the amount of money available for direct housing loans from $1 billion to $1.5 billion. It has increased the total amount of loans that can be made by approved lenders from $4 billion to $6 billion. These government housing policies, Mr. Speaker, have a happy combination of results; more and better housing for Canadians and more jobs for those connected with the construction industry.
It is also encouraging to see that the government is giving the highest priority to work projects which will provide the highest degree of employment. I understand that the government has some 103 public works projects totalling $54 million which will be continued throughout the winter.
The recent conference called by the Prime Minister to discuss the unemployment problem was, I think, an important and significant event in Canadian history. It served to emphasize the common interest of government, labour and industry in the progress of the economy and their common responsibility for it. It was another advance for the partnership policy of this government with industry, farmers, labour and other important groups in the economy.
The creation of a national productivity council, announced by the Prime Minister at the conference and referred to in the speech from the throne, heralds the beginning of an integrated, massive, national assault on the problem of unemployment. If this council does its job, as it can and as I believe it will, there may develop in Canada some of the most effective measures to combat unemployment to be found anywhere in the western world. This productivity council and the policies it may recommend are a challenge to both the public and private sectors of the Canadian economy to demonstrate in the most striking possible way how the attentions and energies of a free people in

The Address-Mr. Maclnnis a private enterprise economy can be mobilized to suggest solutions for the economic and social problems of their society.
This, can be a truly radical and progressive move in the proper sense of the term. The possibilities of this council and the good it can accomplish are almost without limit. How different, how vastly different is this decision of the present administration; how sensible, how practical and hopeful it is when contrasted with the attitude of those who would have the government clothe itself in some ideological armour and go charging recklessly about without initiative, purpose, or effect. This council, if it works properly, can help set economic goals, help chart an economic course, without using some sort of state buggy whip. Naturally enough, both management and labour will be expected to play a major role in this undertaking.
I consider this an appropriate time, Mr. Speaker, to inject into my remarks a quotation from General Montgomery's memoirs, as follows:
The raw material with which the general has to deal is men. The same is true in civilian life. Managers of large industrial concerns have not always seemed to me to have understood this point. They think their raw material is iron ore or cotton or rubber, not men but commodities. In conversation with them I have disagreed and insisted that their basic raw material is men.
If the approach to the human factor is cold and impersonal, then you achieve nothing, but if you can gain the confidence and trust of your men then they feel their best interests are safe in your hands. Then you have in your possession a priceless asset and the greatest achievements become possible.
Since I come from the ranks of labour, naturally pleased to find that the electrical quotation to management. However, I am also aware of the fact it is applicable to labour leaders. With this uppermost in mind, it is my hope that both management and labour will close any existing gap that may prevail and attack this problem in a unified manner.
Our people in the Atlantic provinces are gratified that the dreams of generations are being fulfilled across the land. We are naturally pleased to find that the electrical power potential of the Columbia river is nearing such fruitful development; that the long hoped for Saskatchewan dam and its irrigation and energy benefits is fast becoming a reality; that northern development is progressing, holding promise of mineral wealth yet untouched, and that the province of Quebec has joined the rest of the nation in hospital, highway and university grants programs. It is interesting to note that United States developments in the north are beginning to parallel the forward thinking of the Diefenbaker government. We rejoice with
tMr. Maclnnis.l
the peoples in the other provinces over these projects and programs because we are Canadians, and members of the Canadian family.
We hope the people of the other provinces will join to help the Atlantic region realize its dreams. These would include a revision of the freight rate structure to make it possible for us to compete more effectively for a share of the Canadian market; improved transportation facilities and additional ferry services between our provinces and the New England states; a means to uplift the economy and the per capita income of the people of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick to the Canadian average.
The geographical position of the maritimes has often been mentioned as a detriment in regard to the central market. It is my hope that Canadian industry will take another look. It should not restrict its vision to a domestic central market, but should look toward the central world market, which would reverse our position and place the Atlantic provinces in an advantageous position to serve such markets.
We are hopeful, because there is a new spirit of Canadianism and understanding abroad in this country, that we from the Atlantic provinces will be given a sympathetic hearing as we stand during this session to lay our regional and constituency problems before parliament. We shall not be asking for any projects which will stand as monuments to the members of parliament from the Atlantic region. We shall be asking for projects which would narrow the gap between our economy and that enjoyed by our neighbours to the west of us.
When I turn to the current crisis in the coal industry of Nova Scotia it is difficult to know just where to start. As a matter of fact there are some hon. members who claim that when we maritimers talk about coal we do not know where to end. This house has heard a great deal about coal during the past several years. As a representative of a coal mining area I am grateful for the interest and the sympathy shown by hon. members from all parts of the country in our Nova Scotia coal problems. It is hardly necessary for me to go back a century or so and trace the history and background of the coal situation.
First of all, I suppose it is common knowledge that Canada is not alone among the countries of the world in going through a coal crisis. Britain, as we have been reminded very recently, nationalized her coal industry but, in common with the countries of continental Europe, there are still vast stockpiles of coal

unsold, and there are grimmer times ahead in Europe. There are over 34,000 less miners in Britain during this last year.
We have heard a great deal, too, about competition from United States coal, and how it has been possible to ship United States coal to central Canadian markets and sell it at a lower price than Nova Scotia coal. United States competition still presents a problem, but it is interesting to note that in 1958-59 imports of United States coal into Canada decreased by 5.6 million tons or 32.2 per cent.
The coal problem, as I have indicated, is nothing new. But 1 think there is no doubt in anybody's mind that it has been only by the action of this government and of this parliament that the industry has continued on a fairly even keel during these past two or three years. The simple fact of the matter is that parliament, by putting up the cold, hard cash, has kept the industry alive. By increased coal subventions, by special assistance for abnormal stockpiling of coal, by unremitting efforts to find new markets for Canadian coal, by act of parliament, by orders in council, by cabinet directive, the present government has staved off the worst of the human distress which ordinarily accompanies a crisis in a sector of industry.
The government appointed the royal commission of Mr. Justice Rand to inquire into the long term problems and long term solutions of the coal industry. I see no solution for the miners in the Rand report. However, and this is most important, I fail to understand how the company could possibly use this report to justify its action. If this statement is interpreted as an endeavour to impress the government with my own opinion, that interpretation is entirely correct and in line with my duties as a representative of the coal miners. The government, of course, is giving further study to this report before any final decision will be made.
I have mentioned the competition from United States coal, which is still a problem despite the remarkable decrease in imports over the past couple of years and despite government subventions which have enabled our Nova Scotia coal to compete successfully in many of our central Canadian markets. It goes without saying, of course, that the stiffest competition, both now and in the future, is from other competitive fuels. In this respect, while I applaud the efforts of the government in the field of basic research, I am convinced of the need for a greatly expanded program. The coal producers in co-operation with governments at the federal and provincial levels, with scientists and educational institutions, should embark on a serious,
The Address-Mr. Maclnnis intensified program of coal research in the hope of finding new uses and consequently new markets.
All that is required, Mr. Speaker, to maintain these mines and to keep the miners and their families in the towns in which they live is a market for one million tons of coal, a fraction of the tonnage Canada imports annually from the United States. In a country whose demands for electrical energy cannot be fulfilled by our water resources it seems unrealistic to assert that a million tons of Canadian coal cannot be sold to Canadians.
Nova Scotia must have a market in Ontario and Quebec for its coal. I appeal to the people of Ontario and Quebec to help us in that spirit of unity and Canadianism about which I spoke earlier. Canadians have dug deep in the past to help in the face of disaster. All I ask at this time is action to prevent such a disaster.


Mr. Speaker:: I am sorry to interrupt the hon. member but under the new rule his time is limited to 30 minutes and it has expired unless the house is prepared to give him indulgence.


Some hon. Members:: Agreed.


Malcolm MacInnis: Thank you, Mr. Speaker. As I was saying, Nova Scotia must have a market in Ontario and Quebec for its coal, and I appeal to the people of Ontario and Quebec to help us. As I said, Canadians in the past have dug deep to help in the face of disaster. It is my wish that they consider doing something at this time. With the help of the federal government through subventions and with the co-operation of the Ontario hydro commission and the understanding of the people in these provinces, our mines can be kept open and our peoples given a new chance to share the productive wealth of the nation. To the people of both provinces it would mean very little but to the people of Cape Breton it could mean the difference between good times and bad ones.
I am reminded that a few years ago when the St. Lawrence seaway project was being discussed and the possibility of detrimental effects to the ports in Nova Scotia came into the conversation, the late Hon. Angus L. Macdonald at that time expressed the opinion that if it is good for Canada, it is good for Nova Scotia. To that expression I should like to add, in the case of the coal situation, that if it is good for Nova Scotia, it is also good for Canada. It is true that it might place financial demands on the federal government in providing the necessary subventions; but if a means could be found to sell another million tons of coal the ultimate demands on the treasury from Nova Scotia would be lessened.

The Address-Mr. Paul If employment was maintained at a high level there would be a reduced demand for unemployment insurance. The miners with their earnings would be able to purchase the necessities of life, many from the factories of Quebec and Ontario, thereby maintaining a high level of corporation profits from which the federal government draws taxes. If the miners were employed and able to pay their municipal taxes there would be less demand by the municipalities on the provincial treasury, and hence on the national purse.
I have dwelt in this address chiefly with two major problems that confront this parliament, namely unemployment and the crisis in coal. Perhaps I have done so to the neglect of some of the other important points covered in the address of His Excellency yesterday. But I am thankful that my party and this government does not content itself with looking always at the bright side of the picture without facing up to the very real difficulties that are presented. It is the intention of the government, as it is surely the intention of this parliament, to engage in a frank, serious, mature and responsible discussion of these issues.
It is on this note and with great pleasure that I move, seconded by the hon. member for Berthier-Maskinonge-Delanaudiere (Mr. Paul):
That the following address be presented to His Excellency the Right Honourable Georges Vanier, Governor General:
May it please Your Excellency:
We, Her Majesty's most loyal and dutiful subjects, the House of Commons of Canada in parliament assembled, beg leave to offer our humble thanks to Your Excellency for the gracious speech which Your Excellency has addressed to both houses of parliament.
(Translation):


Mr. Remi Paul (Berihier-Maskinonge-Delanaudiere):: Mr. Speaker, prompted by a strong and sincere feeling of gratitude, I think it is my peremptory duty to thank the Right Hon. Prime Minister (Mr. Diefenbaker) for the great honour he conferred upon me when he asked me to second the address in reply to the speech from the throne. I am sure that it was only due to the warm reception tendered to him in my riding in September 1959, during his visit in the province of Quebec, that I was chosen to second the address. It was not a recognition by the Right Hon. Prime Minister of the particular qualities of the member for Berthier-Maskinonge-Delau-diere-if he does possess particular qualities- but an indication of his attachment and consideration for the people of my constituency, who are still putting their trust in the exceptional qualities of the head of this government with the assurance that in the future, as in the past, they will give him their strongest support.
[Mr. Maclnnis.l

At the outset of my remarks I proudly salute the men and women of my constituency who have given me their support, and I assure them of my devotion and loyal co-operation with regard to the solution of the difficult problems they sometimes have to face whether they like it or not.
I greatly appreciate your kindness to me, hon. colleagues. Had I not been assured of it, I would have hesitated before accepting an honour, bestowed for the first time upon the representative of the riding of Berthier-Maskinonge-Delanaudiere in this house.
I thank you, Mr. Prime Minister, for this token of esteem for my fellow citizens of the province of Quebec, and more particularly those of the constituency of Berthier-Mas-kinonge-Delanaudiere.
In seconding this address I have the privilege of being the first to congratulate the hon. member for Cape Breton South (Mr. Mac-Innis) for the magnificent speech he just delivered. His constituents may be truly assured, that the voice of Cape Breton South in this house has never been so warm, so convincing, so practical.
Mr. Speaker, may 1 offer you my respectful compliments without further delay. On behalf of all hon. members, I wish to commend you for the admirable way in which you have been discharging your difficult duties. All of us appreciate your tact, your keen mind, your impartiality, your firmness and the wisdom of your decisions.
May I extend my warmest congratulations to the Secretary of State (Mr. Dorion), whose recent appointment to that office is an honour to Quebec. In the mind of the Prime Minister, it was no doubt intended as a recognition of his qualities as a distinguished lawyer, a well-rounded humanist, an expert in constitutional law, a tireless worker and a sincere man, dedicated to the interests of the Canadian people, and particularly those of the province of Quebec. (Text):
It is a pleasant duty to congratulate the hon. member for Royal (Mr. Flemming), the new and first Minister of Forestry upon his appointment. The son of a former premier of the hospitable and progressive province of New Brunswick, himself premier of the province for almost eight years, the hon. member by his parliamentary experience acquired in that office and by his continuous business relationships as director of various logging companies was more than qualified to fill the office and to assume the responsibilities of Minister of Forestry.
I wish the minister a long and happy career, one that will be fruitful for all Canada.



I960

[Stage Direction]
The Address-Mr. Paul The appointment of the hon. member for never be forgotten. Those of us who remain Brandon-Souris (Mr. Dinsdale) as Minister of here realize that their departure is indeed a Northern Affairs and National Resources has great loss, and view it with mixed feelings of delighted his colleagues, all of whom are of joy and sadness.
convinced of his exceptional qualities, which Mr. Speaker, I am sure you will allow me will enable him to perform his duties with a(- this time to think about my constituency ease and dignity, thanks to his spirit of ancj tQ gratify to some extent the desire I devotion and his keen, enlightened mind. have to tell you something about it.
Some hon. Members:: Hear, hear.


Rémi Paul: The hon. member for London, the Minister without Portfolio (Mr. Halpenny), will ably support the efforts of his colleagues in the cabinet, who will not fail to call upon his diplomacy and erudition from time to time. Congratulations to the hon. minister. (Translation):
The hon. member for Labelle (Mr. Clermont) is entitled to our most sincere congratulations, which I am pleased to extend to him. I wish him every success in his new career.
(Text):
Even though it is impossible for us to identify the party represented in this house by the hon. member for Peterborough (Mr. Pitman), I congratulate him upon his personal success and urge him to repeat often in this house, on his own behalf, the delightful and characteristic expressions used by the leader of the C.C.F. on behalf of his group-"We, in this group," "We, in the name of this group", and so forth.
Logically and intentionally I have saved the finest compliments and felicitations until the last, and it is with courtesy, candour and sincerity that I congratulate the hon. member for Niagara Falls (Miss LaMarsh). I urge her to work to the best of her ability within her own party, for she will soon see how much room there is for improvement in it. It is consoling to see at last a rose blooming on the Liberal rose bush in this house, and I have no doubt that the hon. member will cast an excellent reddish shadow on the spray of blue roses which adorns the Conservative party.
(Translation):
As in real life, the House of Commons is gladdened by arrivals and saddened by departures. Since the last session, two hon. ministers have emigrated to quieter places. The least we can do for the Hon. A. J. Brooks, appointed to the Senate, and the Hon. George Pearkes, who now represents Her most gracious Majesty the Queen in the splendid province of British Columbia, is to bid them a friendy good-bye and assure them they will
The constituency of Berthier-Maskinonge-Delanaudiere, located partly in the heart of Quebec, is the pride of your humble servant, because nowhere else has the mingling of farmers' interests with those of the industrial or labour classes brought about greater prosperity and ease based, above all, on the spirit of understanding and co-operation of its various components. The farmers of my constituency have confidence in the future of Canadian agriculture, and they wish to thank the government for the measures it has introduced since it came to power, in order to provide that class of society with the basic minimum income necessary to meet its obligations.
It is the earnest wish of workers in my constituency, especially the textile workers, that strong measures be soon taken by the government to ensure the survival of that industry; and they can count on my fullest devotion in the consideration of this problem, one which requires far-reaching measures if this industry is to survive in the province of Quebec. Industrialists looking for an honest, competent and hard-working labour force will be glad to settle in my constituency, where they will always be welcome.
The people of Berthier-Maskinonge-De-lanaudiere, true to the most revered French-Canadian traditions, wish to live an intense community life; this unquestionably shows to what extent my fellow citizens are attached to their origins, language and faith, and are imbued with a spirit of admirable generosity, similar to that which characterized founders and pioneers of parishes located north of my constituency. They wish for the greatness and prosperity of the province of Quebec and of Canada as a whole, they want to join in Canada's march towards the most ardently desired economic equilibrium and towards constant progress which will place and maintain our fine and great country in the front rank of those democratic nations that are now fighting fiercely for the triumph of that ideology, the corner-stone of world peace.
Last September in New York the United Nations general assembly held its session. This being the fifteenth anniversary of an organization devoted to good international relations, made up of nations of opposed

The Address-Mr. Paul political thinking, heads of states met in New York in record numbers to discuss the most varied subjects, principally the matter involving the Secretary General of the United Nations, Mr. Dag Hammarskjold, whom the communist countries were blaming, among other things, for his attitude concerning the Congo crisis.
The eyes of the world were on New York. World peace was once again undergoing a test. The peace promised to men of good will by the child in the manger was tottering dangerously, because of the ill will of a few irresponsible leaders bent on using the general assembly as a means of impressing smaller powers, particularly the new members of the United Nations.
The leaders of the nations, some of them level-headed, calm, and sincere, others stupid, quarrelsome and hypocrites who were trying by their speeches to draw attention upon themselves in the press, on radio and television, were divided in two blocks: the democratic the communist countries. The latter were led by none other than Mr. Nikita Khrushchev who, at times, acted like a circus ringmaster. Feelings were running high and on certain days, the tumult drowned the voices of the speakers; we all had the impression that the assembly was to be a complete failure. From the very first days, Mr. Khrushchev took the floor to cast aspersions on the secretary of the United Nations general assembly, Mr. Dag Hammarskjold, to advocate his own disarmament policy, to attack the policy of the democratic countries headed by England and the United States, to criticize the colonialism of the western countries and to put forward administrative changes for future meetings of the United Nations.
Following Mr. Khruschev's speech, diplomatic victory seemed in the ofBng for him. The democracies hesitated; a reply was imperative; the transcendent personality of a leader alone could revive any hope among free nations.
(Text):
Who was the man who through his energy, his spirit, his power of reasoning and his personality could refloat the democratic vessel which seemed to be sinking? The choice was made and success was ensured, for the right hon. Prime Minister of Canada (Mr. Diefenbaker) was elected for this purpose. The interest of Canadians which had been aroused for the past few days by the press, radio and television, suggested even to housewives in the most humble dwelling that they should tune in and absorb the unforgettable

words which the Prime Minister of Canada was to pronounce on September 26, 1960.
How did our Prime Minister conceive the role which the United Nations was to play? Let us leave the answer to him, for when replying to Mr. Khrushchev regarding the question of colonialism this is what he said:
This meeting symbolizes the bringing together of the cultures and philosophies of all races. It is our responsibility to ensure that out of this meeting shall come a testament to the capacity of rational men to achieve rational relations, to bring about the attainment of peace and to practise brotherhood and the raising of standards everywhere in the world. To the new members I say this. As one coming from Canada, I say that the United Nations constitutes the greatest hope for the middle and small powers, for the new and weaker states; indeed, for all the nations of mankind of every social and political system.
Answering Mr. Khrushchev on the question of colonialism preached by the latter, the right hon. Prime Minister said, and I quote:
There are few here that can speak with the authority of Canada on the subject of colonialism, for Canada was once a colony of both France and the United Kingdom. We were the first country which evolved over a hundred years ago by constitutional processes from colonial status to independence without severing the family connection.
There can be a double standard in international affairs. I ask the chairman of the council of ministers of the U.S.S.R. to give to those nations under his domination the right of free elections-to give them the opportunity to determine the kind of government they want under genuinely free conditions.
What was the program the right hon. Prime Minister offered for maintaining world peace? Let me quote another passage of his speech:
I ask for a return immediately to the path of negotiation. It is the only course that the great powers should follow. It is incumbent on this United Nations general assembly to press for the resumption of negotiations, particularly regarding those main issues which divide the U.S.S.R. and those associated with it from the western powers.
In a world passing through two great human experiences-the thrust of technology and the thrust of political and social change-new perspectives have been given for a better life.
We hear voices that speak of victories for propaganda. We are not here in this assembly to win wars of propaganda. We are here to win victories for peace. If I understand correctly the thinking of the average man and woman today throughout the world, they have had enough of propaganda, of confusion and fears and doubts. They are asking us for the truth. We are not mustered here under the direction and domination of any nation. We are mustered not for any race or creed or ideology. We are here for the hosts of humanity everywhere in the world. Peoples and nations are waiting upon us.
No sooner had the Prime Minister finished that speech than the democracies regained their self-confidence and led those nations which had recently been admitted to the general assembly of the United Nations to

the victorious vote that was taking place and by which the democratic philosophy was prevailing over the communist philosophy.
The unanimous compliments addressed to the Prime Minister of Canada following this speech reminded us once again that the two leaders of the two main political parties presently in the House of Commons are the captains of world peace. In the past, the distinguished Leader of the Opposition (Mr. Pearson) earned himself the Nobel award and last September the right hon. Prime Minister of Canada acted as the first ambassador for international peace. On September 26 last the Prime Minister followed the line of thought that he has never ceased to maintain in his political life.
(Translation):
Having always felt that human and individual rights must be safeguarded, regardless of colour, language or creed, that the rich, the poor, the destitute, the war victims and the hungry are all equal, there welled up within his soul that natural principle of justice which enabled him to see at a glance famished nations at grips with the direst economic difficulties which provide fertile ground for the seeds of communist ideology.
The Prime Minister then advocated the establishment of an international food bank, to help relieve the destitution of starving nations. Recently, that motion was accepted unanimously by the United Nations general assembly.
The establishment of this international food bank will allow the systematic distribution of food supplies among the more needy nations and, from the Canadian standpoint, will create new markets for agricultural products; that will substantially improve agriculture in our country.
His spirited speech was inspiring. The eyes of the world were once more focused on our nation which could be set as an example to all these peoples who today are fighting among themselves, who are engaging in civil warfare and in riots of all kinds and who constitute powder kegs constantly endangering the true peace of the world. Leaders of the free world are in duty bound to do all they can to prevent a recurrence of the horrors visited upon mankind during the wars of 1914-18 and 1939-45 when soldiers by the millions laid down their lives for the maintenance of peace and liberty. They were laid to rest in those lands which they loved and for which they made the supreme sacrifice. Sometimes there is not a cross, not a stone to mark their graves, but it is in the hearts of the grateful and free citizens that their memory must linger.
The Address-Mr. Paul
Remembrance is not an everlasting plant. It must be cultivated if it is to keep its delightful and pervading scent.
Memory is a failing endowment, and that is why I would briefly recall all the legislation passed by this government since it came into power. We all still remember the lengthy discussion which preceded the passing of the Canadian bill of rights towards the end of the last session. We all remember the sustained interest aroused by the debate on a legislation which consecrates the true rights of the Canadian citizen.
All hon. members will admit that under a Conservative administration, payments to our farmers have been 12 per cent higher than under any Liberal government.
I have no intention of discussing the benefits of the Farm Price Stabilization Act.
Through amendments made to the Canadian Farm Loan Act, a greater number of farmers may, today, benefit from the provisions of a legislation which sets the interest rate at 5 per cent, with the possibility of obtaining loans up to $20,000 for those farmers who have the required qualifications and assets for obtaining such loans. The Conservative government has also given some thought to the unemployment problem and the amendments to the Unemployment Insurance Act have been to the advantage of all workers who were momentarily laid off.
In 1960, more Canadians were at work than in previous years. In August 1960, 20,000 more Canadians than in July 1960 were at work, and 115,000 more than in 1959. The economic situation remains good, and most sectors have registered gains compared to the corresponding period of 1959. Canada's industrial output, for the period from June to August 1960, has registered a gain of 2.8 per cent over 1959. Service industries have substantially shown their mettle these last few months, which explains higher employment and larger over-all production throughout the country. The income of workers, which includes more than two thirds of personal income of Canadians, has reached billions of dollars, i.e. 4 per cent more than during the corresponding period last year. In the first nine months of 1960, exports rose by 8.2 per cent over the figure for the same period in 1959.
Unemployment remains at a high level, and the federal government will take every possible step, in co-operation with provincial and municipal authorities, with industry and organized labour, to deal with the problem this winter. Indications are that the winter
22	HOUSE OF
The Address-Mr. Paul works program will score a greater success than ever before. This year, the federal government has expanded this program, and the new municipal projects will reduce unemployment, since the program is expected, directly or indirectly, to provide over 200,000 new jobs during the winter, thus substantially alleviating seasonal unemployment in Canada. This is apart from the administrative action taken to boost housing construction, something which, according to estimates, should provide employment for some
60,000	workers this winter.
On October 21, following the conference on unemployment, the Prime Minister announced that a national productivity council would be set up. The speech from the throne points out to the institution of legislation that should greatly contribute to solving the unemployment problem.
The speech from the throne announces legislation designed to provide better technical training for young workers and more retraining of Canadian workers who have to transfer to other jobs or trades.
The house will be asked to approve a bill authorizing government guarantees for bank loans to small businesses to finance additions and improvements to their business premises and equipment. This legislation should provide additional new employment and a stimulus to the growth of Canadian private enterprise.
(Text):


Mr. Speaker:: Order, I am sorry to have to interrupt the hon. member but I am obliged to advice him that his time has expired unless the house is prepared by unanimous consent to grant indulgence.


Some hon. Members:: Agreed.
(Translation):


Rémi Paul: Nation-wide works projects will be started in order to develop our natural resources. Those are so many measures considered by the government to relieve the present serious unemployment problem. The question of unemployment will be discussed during this session and I hope that all criticisms made will be constructive, with a view to alleviating the hardships of our people and not to making political capital. Everyone's co-operation is needed and with this anticipated co-operation, there is reason for hoping that chronic unemployment will be checked to a great extent.

I would be remiss not to mention the improvement in federal-provincial relations. Subsidies paid to provinces have increased constantly since 1957. Those grants were 57 per cent higher in 1959 than under the last Liberal administration.
Who solved the problem of the Quebec universities, if not the Conservative government? Last July there took place in Ottawa a federal-provincial conference setting the basis for frank, straightforward discussions of the whole problem of taxation. The statement of the point of view of the provinces warranted the adjournment of the conference to October last. We must admit that, since the Conservative party came to power, relations between the federal government and the provinces have taken on an entirely new aspect. The autocratic spirit which marked the post-war stage has been dispelled. The provinces are now allowed to express their opinions, and are no longer considered as vassals. It is in this spirit that the proposals of the Prime Minister of Canada were made last October.
Trying to give back to the provinces their own powers of taxation, letting them make arrangements between themselves about their needs in order to set an equalization formula; seeing that the federal government ceases to be the collector of taxes which it cannot use or control, here is a democratic policy which goes back to the fundamental principles of the Canadian confederation. Such is the philosophy of the Prime Minister who, incidentally, is not alone in taking this view.
Sir Wilfrid Laurier used to say:
It is a completely false principle to have a government collect the revenues and another government spend them.
The Hon. C. H. Cahan, secretary of state in the Bennett government said:
(Text):
I have always believed that dominion-provincial relations will only be placed on a stable basis when the provincial government is made responsible for raising the revenues which it annually expends.
(Translation):
The Prime Minister has always been concerned with the unrestricted respect of the Canadian constitution, and he has been the first to point out the necessity of repatriating our Canadian constitution; on page 121 of the French version of the report of the federal-provincial conference held in Ottawa on July 25, 26 and 27, 1960, the Prime Minister stated:
I raised this matter in the House of Commons last January and I said, in particular, on page 69 of Hansard:

Here at this session of parliament, in order to secure an amendment to our constitution on a matter that is of national importance affecting the jurisdiction of both the federal and provincial parliaments and legislatures of our country, it is still necessary for us to seek an amendment from the parliament in the United Kingdom. My hope is that the time will not be too long delayed when as a result of an agreement between the federal and provincial authorities we will arrive at a point where this particular phase will be eliminated, to the end that we will be able within our own country to arrive at a basis for the amendment of our constitution agreeable to all and within the constitutional limitations of sections 91 and 92.
Such is the Prime Minister's sincerity concerning Canadian constitutional problems and it is to be hoped that federal-provincial relations will improve constantly so that the provinces may remain equal partners, anxious to co-operate with the central government to Canada's development and prosperity.
In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I wish to appeal to every Canadian: Let us remember that our dual language, culture and civilization are an invaluable and priceless asset for this country, and to other international powers, an example likely to increase the strength, prestige and cultural and economic maturity of Canada, the finest and greatest country in the world.
The population of Quebec and other French speaking minorities were never treated with so much respect and fairness as by the present Prime Minister of Canada.
Simultaneous interpretation in parliament affords the necessary bridge for the meeting of our two cultures, one French, one British.
Business of the House
I was happy to find, even on my first days here, that all my colleagues had a sincere wish for a living national unity.
We are leaders of our people and, as such, we must be the fierce upholders of our national unity, on which surely rests our prosperity as a nation. A diversity of means and ideas should not go against a unity of purpose, so that Canada will once more be able to set before the world an example of the fullest respect for the rights of minorities.
Let us build a country equal to our high aspirations. Let each of us be faithful to his language, his faith and his culture and respect and admire at the same time those who act the same way. Let Canada be the stronghold of democratic liberties through a proper understanding of our national unity: A Mare Usque Ad Mare.
(Text):
On motion of Mr. Pearson the debate was adjourned.



BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE

Lionel Chevrier: Mr. Speaker, may I inquire from the house leader whether this debate will be continued on Monday, with the usual contributions by the leaders?


Gordon Minto Churchill: Yes, that will be the course followed on Monday, Mr. Speaker.
On motion of Mr. Diefenbaker the house adjourned at 4.30 p.m.

Monday, November 21, 1960