Patent GB-1179414-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Apparatus for Use in Recording Details of Bodies
Inventor: RABEY GRAHAM PETER
IPC: A61C19/04
Filed: 1966-06-02
Abstract: 1,179,414. Radiographic and photographic apparatus. G. P. RABEY. 10 May, 1967 [2 June, 1966], No. 24671/66. Heading H5R. A photographic and radiographic unit comprises a substantially horizontally elongate structure and contains means, e.g. a window 55, cross 56, and mirror 57, defining a fixed threedimensional cartesian reference frame, one axis of which is a longitudinal axis of the structure, an adjustable support 43, for locating and orienting a body 44 within the frame, such that a central point within the body remains coincident with the origin of co-ordinates, an X-ray machine 38, at one end of the structure directed in use along the longitudinal axis towards the body in the reference frame, an optical camera 36, at the other end of the structure directed in the opposite direction along the longitudinal axis towards the body and, between the optical camera and the body, a removable X-ray cassette holder, a removable illuminated diffusing light source to the side of the X-ray cassette holder remote from the optical camera 36 but facing the optical camera and a removable square lattice grid which can be positively located with its origin on the longitudinal axis between an X-ray cassette in the holder and the diffusing light source, the lattice grid providing a visual object for the photographic camera and a radio-opaque object for the X-ray machine. The lines of the grid are preferably vertical and horizontal when in use. The grid may be provided by a photo-opaque and radio-lucent sheet with photo-lucent grid lines and a central radio-opaque cross coincident with the central horizontal and vertical lines of the photo-lucent grid. The diffusing light source may have a diffusing screen which is marked with the tips of the central cross for locating a radiograph centrally on the screen for photographing, the screen being fitted with means to retain the radiograph in such a position. Preferably the cassette holder 59, the diffusing light source 60 and the lattice grid are slidable on guides mounted on carrier 58 from an operative position in section 32 between the X-ray tube and the optical camera to an inoperative position on either side. The housing which supports the cassette in the cassette holder may incorporate the desired lattice grid in the side adjacent the light source. The patient support 43, may incorporate an adjustable head clamp 45 (drawn in detail in Fig. 3, not shown) having plugs insertable into the patient's ears such that his cephalic axis is at all times horizontal its midpoint lying on the longitudinal axis of the structure, the head clamp being rotatable about its vertical axis through the mid-cephalic point catches being provided for locating the head clamp in the four positions in which the cephalic axis is parallel to and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the structure. When the cross 56 is centred on the cephalic axis which is positioned so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the structure, the patient may be rotated about his cephalic axis so that the nominal horizontal plane of the head is either parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure a position defined by the horizontal arm of the cross, or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the structure a position defined by the vertical arm of the cross. The optical camera 136 may be moved longitudinally along the axis of the structure to produce an external image of the patient corresponding in size to the radiographic image. The patient support may comprise a platform on which the patient adopts a standing position, which platform locates the inner ankle bones of the subject in the vertical axis passing through the mid-axial point of the head clamp. The platform together with the clamp is adjustable so that external and internal views of the trunk, abdomen and lower limbs of the subject may be taken along precisely defined horizontal directions in desired orientations. The Specification contains details of the radiographic recording of a subject's teeth and jaws and illustrates how models of these may be produced and photographed, but this aspect of the invention is not claimed.