Patent GB-702471-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of wax rods, candles and like articles
Inventor: KEOGH DANIEL JAMES
IPC: C11C5/02
Filed: 1951-01-01
Abstract: <PICT:0702471/III/1> Wax candles and like articles are manufactured by extruding particulate solid wax under pressure through an orifice, to the centre of which a wick is guided so as to be free to be drawn forward by the extruded wax.  The particulate solid wax may be in the form of flakes or powder composed of particles of any configuration. The wax powder may be obtained by spraying fine droplets of liquid wax into air over a trajectory sufficiently long to allow the droplets to solidify before they are collected. The flaked wax may be obtained by causing liquid wax to flow over chilled rollers from which the solidified layer of wax is removed, thereupon breaking up into flakes.  The solid wax may be reduced to particulate form by milling, cutting &c.  Ordinary room temperature may be used for the extrusion.  The outer surface of the candle may be shaved or polished.  To avoid surface roughening by occluded air the extrusion cylinder is preferably provided with a port for the escape of the air.  A suitable apparatus comprises a piston 2 operating in an extrusion cylinder 1 having an aperture communicating with the mouth of a hopper 5 for the particulate wax and uncovered by the piston on its idle stroke so as to allow the wax in the hopper to fall into the space left vacant by the piston, together with means for guiding a continuous wick to the centre of the extrusion orifice 10.  The hopper 5 has a flange 4 fitting around the cylinder 1, which latter has at its front end a die plate 8 secured by a cap 9.  One or a number of orifices 10 may be provided in the die plate.  The guide means for the wick preferably comprises a tube 11 terminating at a short distance behind the orifice 10.  The cylinder 1 is provided with an air vent 7 opening into a valve chest 13 having a port 6 to atmosphere.  A valve rod 12 fixed to the piston 2 and extending there-beyond fits into the valve chest 13 and closes the air vent 7 when the piston has completed part of its forward stroke.  In operation, from the completion of the idling position of the piston 2 as shown, on the next forward stroke of the piston the charge is pushed into the rear end of the cylinder 1 where it is consolidated, air being expelled through the vent 7.  When the piston has completed part of its forward stroke at 2a, the valve rod 12 enters the valve chest 13 and closes the vent 7.  During the remainder of the stroke up to 2b, wax is extruded through the orifice 10.  A jacket 16 may be provided for the circulation of any heating or cooling fluid which may be desired.  The rod issuing from the orifice 10 is cut into lengths and tipped.ALSO:Wax rods are manufactured by extruding particulate solid wax under pressure through an orifice.  The wax may be in the form of flakes or powder composed of particles of any configuration.  The wax powder may be obtained by spraying fine droplets of liquid wax into air over a trajectory sufficiently long to allow the droplets to solidify before they are collected.  The flaked wax may be obtained by causing liquid wax to flow over chilled rollers from which the solidified layer of wax is removed, thereupon breaking up into flakes.  The solid wax may be reduced to particulate form by milling, cutting &c.  Ordinary room temperature may be used for the extrusion.  The outer surface of the rods may be shaved or polished.  To avoid surface roughening by excluded air the extrusion cylinder is preferably provided with a port for the escape of the air.