Patent GB-853535-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions
IPC: C10M167/00
Filed: 1958-11-24
Abstract: Ingredients of a lubricating composition (see Group III) are (a) an oil-soluble polymeric compound comprising a straight hydrocarbon chain having attached thereto radicals containing an organic nitrogen group and, indirectly through an oxygen-containing radical, alkyl radicals of at least 8 carbon atoms, each of the radicals being attached to a different carbon atom of the hydrocarbon chain and (b) an oilsoluble, water-insoluble, non-ionic polymeric alcohol containing a plurality of non-acidic oxygen-containing radicals and at least one alkyl group of at least 4 carbon atoms in the molecule or a complex of such an alcohol with a polyvalent metal compound. Ingredient (a) may be a copolymer of (1) one or more polymerizable compounds, having an unsaturated portion in the molecule and, attached thereto through an oxygen-containing radical, an alkyl radical having at least 8 carbon atoms (e.g. alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, vinyl esters of fatty acids, dialkyl esters of vinylene dicarboxylic acids, N-alkyl-substituted amides of unsaturated acids, or unsaturated ethers), (2) one or more unsaturated nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g. amino-substituted olefins, esters of amino-alcohols with unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated ethers of amino-alcohols, unsaturated amines, amides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, vinyl pyridines, vinyl pyrrolidones and vinyl piperidones) and optionally (3) other unsaturated monomers (e.g. esters of unsaturated alcohols, unsaturated hydrocarbons, unsaturated carboxylic acids or their esters of amides, unsaturated nitriles or unsaturated ethers).  Examples of ingredient (a), whose preparation is described, are stearyl methacrylate/lauryl methacrylate/2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine; lauryl methacrylate/2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine; stearyl methacrylate/lauryl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate/2-methyl -5-vinyl pyridine; lauryl methacrylate/N-vinyl pyrrolidone; stearyl methacyylate/lauryl methacrylate/N-vinyl pyrrolidone; stearyl methacrylate/N-vinyl piperidone; lauryl methacrylate/methacrylanilide/beta-diethyl -aminoethyl methacrylate; lauryl methacrylate/beta-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate; and lauryl methacrylate/N-(4-dimethyl amino cyclohexyl) methacrylamide copolymers.  Ingredient (b) may be (i) a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an unsaturated alcohol (e.g. an alpha-olefin/vinyl ester copolymer whose ester groups have been partially or completely converted to hydroxy groups) or (ii) a complex formed for example by reacting copolymer (i) with an excess of a polyvalent metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate, preferably in the presence of carbon dioxide.  Examples of ingredient (b), whose preparation is described, are alpha-olefin (one or more between C12 and C18) vinyl acetate or butyrate copolymers which have been alcoholysed to convert a large proportion of the ester groups to hydroxyl groups, or the complexes formed by reacting such alcoholysed copolymers with calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide or boric acid. Specifications 599,729, 743,842, 744,942, 799,036 and 810,685 are referred to.ALSO:A lubricating composition having detergent and wear-inhibiting properties, and suitable for use as an engine oil, turbine oil or gear oil, comprises a major proportion of a lubricating oil and minor proportions of (a) an oil-soluble polymeric compound comprising a straight hydrocarbon chain having attached thereto radicals containing an organic nitrogen group and, indirectly through an oxygencontaining radical, alkyl radicals of at least 8 carbon atoms, each of the radicals being attached to a different carbon atom of the hydrocarbon chain, (b) an oil-soluble polyvalent metal salt and (c) an oil-soluble, waterinsoluble, non-ionic polymeric alcohol containing a plurality of non-acidic oxygen-containing radicals and at least one alkyl group of at least 4 carbon atoms in the molecule or a complex of such an alcohol with a polyvalent metal compound.  The lubricating oil may be mineral oil, which may be blended with fixed oils (e.g. castor oil or lard oil) and/or synthetic lubricants (e.g. polymerized olefins, alkylene glycol or alkylene oxide copolymers, or silicone polymers). Ingredient (a) may be a copolymer of (1) one or more polymerizable compounds having an unsaturated portion in the molecule and, attached thereto through an oxygen-containing radical, an alkyl radical having at least 8 carbon atoms (e.g. alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, vinyl esters of fatty acids, dialkyl esters of vinylene dicarboxylic acids, N-alkylsubstituted amides of unsaturated acids, or unsaturated ethers), (2) one or more unsaturated nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g. amino-substituted olefins, esters of aminoalcohols with unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated ethers of amino-alcohols, unsaturated amines, amides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, vinyl pyridines, vinyl pyrrolidones and vinyl piperidones) and optionally (3) other unsaturated monomers (e.g. esters of unsaturated alcohols, unsaturated hydrocarbons, unsaturated carboxylic acids or their esters or amides, unsaturated nitriles or unsaturated ethers). Ingredient (b) may be a neutral or basic polyvalent metal salt of a sulphonic acid (e.g. petroleum sulphonic acid), phenol, alkyl phenol/aldehyde condensation product, naphthenic acid or aromatic carboxylic acid (especially an alkylated benzoic or salicylic acid).  Ingredient (c) may be (i) a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an unsaturated alcohol (e.g. an alpha-olefin/vinyl ester copolymer whose ester groups have been partially or completely converted to hydroxyl groups), (ii) a mono(alkylphenyl)ether of a polyglycol or (iii) a complex formed for example by reacting copolymer (i) with an excess of a polyvalent metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate, preferably in the presence of carbon dioxide.  The lubricating composition may contain additional ingredients such as zinc alkyl dithiophosphates, amines (e.g. phenyl alpha naphthylamine or octadecylamine), alkyl phenols, "acryloid" polymers, naphthalene-chlorinated paraffin wax condensates, organic sulphides and amine salts of trichloromethane phosphinic acid.  Specifications 599,729, 743,842, 744,942, 799,036 and 810,685 are referred to.