Patent GB-774078-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in textile decoration and compositions therefor
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1953-04-30
Abstract: A pasty pigmented colour concentrate is an aqueous emulsion of a solution of an ester of a drying oil acid and a condensate from epihalohydrin or dihalohydrin with a polyhydric polynuclear phenol. It contains 15-40 per cent non-volatile constituents, and 3-15 per cent of a pigment toner (the pigment toner being less than 50 per cent of the non-volatile constituents and having a high tinting power).  The colour concentrates may be oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions and on dilution with clear extender emulsions yield textile printing compositions which give prints with good crocking and laundry resistance.  The esters used thermoset at temperatures below 105 DEG  C.  They are preferably prepared from condensates of epichlorhydrin with bis-phenol.  The drying oil acid may be a naturally occurring mixture containing semi- and non-drying acids. Part of the acid may be replaced by rosin acids.  Lists of suitable emulsifying agents and of pigments which may be either organic or inorganic are given.  Organic solvent soluble alkylated urea- or melamine-formaldehydresins or ethyl cellulose may be added to the esters.  Nitrocellulose may be added with a melamine-aldehyde resin, the latter then setting at low temperature.  Extender pigments may be added in addition to the pigment toner.  The pigment toner may be dispersed in the resin solution or in water.  Dispersions or solutions of rubber or synthetic elastomers may be added to the colour concentrates.  For discharge printing compositions, sodium sulphoxylate may be added to the emulsions, or if the emulsion is acid, zinc sulphoxylate. The emulsions of the esters may be aggregated by an oxygenation treatment as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,530,370 to give prints of better toughness and ageing qualities.  Bodying agents may be added to emulsions of the oil-in-water type.  Flushing agents, e.g. mono- or di-amylamine oleates, as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,126,925, or cationic flushing agents, as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,192,954, may be added to aqueous pigment suspensions to produce flushed colours. In the examples, the resinous ester, used as a solution in mineral spirits or xylol, was derived from a condensate of epichlorhydrin or a chlorhydrin with p,p1-di-hydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane and either a mixture of rosin with linseed oil acids (Polyester A) or dehydrated castor oil acids (Polyester B).  Example 1 is typical of a water-in-oil emulsion colour concentrate; phthalocyanine green, china clay, kaolin, polyester B, high-flash naphtha, a non-ionic surface-active ethylene oxide-cresols condensate, soya lecithin in soyabean oil, and zinc naphthenate are mixed in a turbo-mixer and ground.  The resulting pigment grind, more polyester B, pine oil, a petroleum-aromatic solvent mixture, butyl alcohol and water are mixed in a turbo-mixer to form a colour concentrate.  A number of other similar examples are given.  Examples are also given of emulsions for diluting these water-in-oil colour concentrates.  A typical one is as follows:-polyester B, pine oil, rubber solution in xylol, aqueous solubilized quebracho extract, acetic acid, sodium chloride, petroleum aromatic solvent and water are homogenized in a turbomixer, the water and solvent being added alternately.  An example is also given of a discharge, cut back emulsion H, which can be added to colour concentrates to form discharge pigment printing pastes.  It contains sodium sulphoxylate.  Example IX is typical of an oil-in-water pigmented printing colour concentrate. Polyester B, mixed naphthenate driers, aqueous sodium lauryl sulphate, aqueous casein containing conventional antifouling agents, ammonium hydroxide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water are emulsified together and mixed with an aqueous phthalocyanine pigment dispersion, a polychloroprene latex, pine oil and water.  The proportion of organic solvents is lower and of water higher than is the case with the water-in-oil emulsions. Examples are also given of cut-back emulsions J-M for the oil-in-water emulsions.  Oil-in-water colour concentrates may be diluted with water with or without some cut-back emulsion to provide pigment padding compositions.  Specifications 774,079, [Group IV (c)], and 774,080 are referred to.ALSO:A pasty pigmented colour concentrate is an aqueous emulsion of a solution of an ester of a drying oil acid and a condensate from epihalohydrin or dihalohydrin with a polyhydric polynuclear phenol.  It contains 15-40 per cent non-volatile constituents, and 3-15 per cent of a pigment toner (the pigment toner being less than 50 per cent of the non-volatile constituents and having a high tinting power).  The colour concentrates may be oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions and on dilution with clear extender emulsions yield textile printing compositions which give prints with good washing and laundry resistance.  The esters used thermoset at temperatures below 105 DEG C.  They are preferably prepared from condensates of epichlorhydrin with bis-phenol.  The drying oil acid may be a naturally occurring mixture containing semi- and non-drying acids.  Part of the acid may be replaced by rosin acids.  Lists of suitable emulsifying agents and of pigments, which may be either organic or inorganic, are given. Organic solvent-soluble alkylated urea- or melamine-formaldehyde resins or ethyl cellulose may be added to the esters. Nitrocellulose may be added with a melamine-aldehyde resin, the latter then setting at low temperature.  Extender pigments may be added in addition to the pigment toner.  The pigment toner may be dispersed in the resin solution or in water.  Dispersions or solutions of rubber or synthetic elastomers may be added to the colour concentrates.  For discharge printing compositions, sodium sulphoxylate may be added to the emulsions, or, if the emulsion is acid, zinc sulphoxylate.  The emulsions of the esters may be aggregated by an oxygenation treatment as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,530,370 to give prints of better toughness and ageing qualities.  Bodying agents may be added to emulsions of the oil-in-water type.  Flushing agents, e.g. mono- or diamyl-amine oleates as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,126,925 or cationic flushing agents as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,192,954 may be added to aqueous pigment suspensions to produce flushed colours.  In the examples, the resinous ester used as a solution in mineral spirits or xylol, was derived from a condensate of epichlorhydrin or a chlorhydrin with p.p1 - di - hydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane and either a mixture of rosin with linseed oil acids (Polyester A) or dehydrated castor oil acids (Polyester B).  Ex. 1 is typical of a water-in-oil emulsion colour concentrate; phthalocyanine green, china clay, kaolin, polyester B, high-flash naphtha, a non-ionic surface active ethylene oxide-cresols condensate, soya lecithin in soya-bean oil, and zinc naphthenate are mixed in a turbo-mixer and ground.  The resulting pigment grind, more polyester B, pine oil, a petroleum-aromatic solvent mixture, butyl alcohol and water are mixed in a turbo-mixer to form a colour concentrate.  A number of other similar examples are given.  Examples are also given of emulsions for diluting these water-in-oil colour concentrates.  A typical one is a follows:-polyester B, pine oil, rubber solution in xylol, aqueous solubilized quebracho extract, acetic acid, sodium chloride, petroleum aromatic solvent and water are homogenized in a turbo-mixer, the water and solvent being added alternately.  An example is also given of a discharge, cut back emulsion H, which can be added to colour concentrates to form discharge pigment printing pastes.  It contains sodium sulphoxylate. Ex. IX is typical of an oil-in-water pigmented printing colour concentrate.  Polyester B, mixed naphthenate driers, aqueous sodium lauryl sulphate, aqueous casein containing conventional antifouling agents, ammonium hydroxide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water are emulsified together and mixed with an aqueous phthalocyanine pigment dispersion, a polychloroprene latex, pine oil and water.  The proportion of organic solvents is lower and of water higher than is the case with the water-in-oil emulsions.  Examples are also given of cut-back emulsions J-M for the oil-in-water emulsions. Oil-in-water colour concentrates may be diluted with water with or without some cut back emulsion to provide pigment padding compositions. Specifications 774,079 and 774,080 are referred to.