baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-808394-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to process for sulfonation of hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C303/06
Filed: 1956-10-25
Abstract: A two-step process for the complete sulphonation of sulphonatable hydrocarbons diluted with unsulphonatable hydrocarbons comprises introducing into the hydrocarbon mixture, under sulphonatable conditions, an amount of sulphonating agent sufficient to sulphonate 50 to 97 per cent of the sulphonatable hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon mixture.  The mixture is separated into a lower layer comprising sulphonated hydrocarbons and an upper layer comprising unsulphonatable hydrocarbons diluted with unsulphonated sulphonatable hydrocarbons, the two layers are separated and the upper layer subjected to a further sulphonating process which is sufficient to completely sulphonate all the remaining sulphonatable hydrocarbons which are then separated as before.  In a preferred method of carrying out the process the diluted sulphonatable hydrocarbons are applied as a film to a heat-exchange surface which is maintained at - 1 DEG  to 82 DEG  C., sufficient sulphonating agent to sulphonate 50 to 97 per cent of the sulphonatable hydrocarbons is introduced at a point closely in advance of a progressively moving scraper which removes the partially sulphonated film of liquid.  The liquid is allowed to separate into two layers and the diluted unsulphonated sulphonatable hydrocarbons forming the upper layer are reapplied as a film and treated as before.  The reaction vessel incorporating the heat exchange surface and scraper with inlets for the sulphonating agent is described in Specifications 804,346.  Sulphonating agents which may be used are sulphuric acid, chlorosulphonic acid, oleum or sulphur trioxide, the preferred ones being oleum and sulphur trioxide.  Sulphur trioxide may be used in the form of a stabilized liquid or, preferably, as a gaseous mixture with an inert gas such as dry air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a lower alkane.  Any ratio of sulphur trioxide to inert gas may be used but the preferred ratios, when dry air is used, are air:sulphur trioxide 9; 1 to 1:1.  Suitable hydrocarbons mentioned are alkylated benzenes, toluenes or xylenes where the alkyl group contains 9 to 18 carbon atoms.  Alkaryl hydrocarbons with a C12 side chain, known as dodecylbenzene intermediate and containing on average 57 per cent sulphonatable hydrocarbons, are preferred.  Examples are given: (i) sulphonation of dodecyl benzene intermediate with SO3/air mixture at 60 DEG  C. in two steps to give a 93 per cent yield of the sodium salt of the resulting sulphonic acid; (iii) as (i) but working on a batch principle instead of continuous; rather more SO3 was needed and a 92.5 per cent yield of sodium salt was obtained; (v) sulphonation with oleum at 54 DEG  C. in a batch process using two sulphonating steps.
Patent GB-1471903-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for and method of manufacturing an optical fibre bundle
IPC: G02B23/26
Filed: 1974-07-23
Abstract: 1471903 Making optical fibre bundles OLYMPUS KOGAKU KOGYO KK 23 July 1974 32560/74 Heading C1M An apparatus for manufacturing an optical fibre bundle comprises a reel 2 to which is attached by way of a pivoted spring bonded arm 11 a tension roller 9 and a pair of circumferentially spaced guide frames 5 each having a groove of width similar to that of the individual fibre diameter. Guide rollers 3 are also mounted on the reel 2. In use a fibre 6 is fed on to the rotating reed from a supply drum 7 so that successive turns are superimposed in the grooves of the frames 5, then, cement or glue is applied over the area 20. The fibre unit thus produced is placed along with other such units in a channel shaped member, the units cemented together and the secured areas 20 severed and opened out to form the required bundle. In one embodiment tension members 23 are provided on the reel 2 to assist in rotating the fibre 6 in the grooves.
Patent GB-268038-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrical inductances
IPC: H01F27/00
Filed: 1925-12-24
Abstract: 268,038. Hesketh, B. Dec. 24, 1925. Inductances. - A mounting for an inductance coil having two electrically separate but mechanically inseparable windings comprises a base 8 provided with wiring clips 9 - - 12 for engagement by spring contacts 4 - - 7 carried on the former 1 and connected to the winding 2, 3, the clips being associated with a device such as the members 13 which enables the windings to be electrically connected or disconnected according as the member 13 is of conducting or insulating material. The member 13 comprises a detachable screw threaded pin or rod and is of such diameter that the contacts 5, 6 fit tightly between it and the clips 10, 11.
Patent GB-217545-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in air conditioning means
IPC: F24F3/14
Filed: 1923-12-31
Abstract: 217,545. Moyer, P. S. June 11, 1923, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect, 91 of the Act]. Drying agents, specially designed for; fittings, external. - A device for use in show-cases to absorb moisture, comprises a perforated casing 5 containing a hygrocsopic material and having integral side and bottom walls connected at the top by a reinforcing strip 16, end walls 18, 19 secured by reinforcing rings 20, 21 and arms 26, 27 by which it is secured within the case. The hygroscopic material comprises a pair of elements 31, 32 extending longitudinally of the device and occupying substantially the whole of the space therein and having channels 35, 36 in their abutting surfaces to form an opening for the circulation of the air. The rings 20, 21 are secured by bolts passing through ears in the rings and the bottom and top of the body and the arms 26, 27 may be pivoted to these bolts to give adjustment in the securing of the device and so that they may be turned over the body for packing.
Patent GB-485940-A (GB)
Title: Reflective surfaces for roadside kerbs and the like
IPC: E01F9/053
Filed: 1936-11-30
Abstract: 485,940. Road signs. MITCHELL, G. E. Nov. 30, 1936, Nos. 32703/36 and 21702/37. [Class 3 (ii)] [Also in Group X] The top surface of a kerb or like road edging is formed to present a number of indentations or corrugations having reflecting surfaces which present a continuous or practically continuous strip of light to the driver of a vehicle. The indentations or corrugations may be formed in the material of the kerb or on members let into the kerb, and may be provided also on the front vertical or inclined face of the kerb. According to one construction, a tile 30, Fig. 5, having a metal reinforcement 38 is let into the upper surface of the kerb 37 with its upper reflecting face 31 flush with the face of the kerb. In modifications, the corrugations are of different shapes and the tiles are not reinforced. In another construction, Fig. 6, the corrugated reflecting surface 43 is formed on the rear face of a glass tile having a smooth exposed face 42. Instead of mounting the tiles directly in the kerb, they may be inserted on a box-like metal casing which is let into the kerb. The tiles may be made of rubber, light-coloured cementitious mixtures, cast metal, or sheet pressings of polished, enamelled or stainless metal. In another modification, corrugations are formed in the upper and inclined faces of a kerb, and in other modifications lines of small indentations or protuberances are provided to form the reflecting surfaces.
Patent GB-161243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for coupling or connecting motor tractors to other vehicles
IPC: B62D53/08
Filed: 1919-12-30
Abstract: 161,243. Courant, E., and Aubry, E. Dec. 30, 1919. Couplings for road vehicles; compound or articulated road vehicles.-To couple a motor-tractor with a trailer to form a six-wheeled vehicle, the bogie part of the trailer is formed with a pole 14 which engages a guiding funnel 15 in the coupling operation, a pin being then passed through the end of the pole to secure it to the tractor. During this operation, rollers 13 on the bogie travel up guiding inclines on the rear of the tractor until the axes of the rear and front wheels of the vehicles are in the same vertical plane, the tractor wheel axle being bent to allow this positioning of the wheels. In this position, the rollers 13 engage stop members 17 and are looked by spring- pressed hooks 20. The driver then raises the bogie wheels by the link mechanism and coupling- device shown in Figs. 1 and 5. During the coupling operation, the squared or similarly-shaped end 22 of a shaft 23, rotatable by the driver, engages with a funnel-shaped member 21 formed with a socket member to seat the shaft end 22. Rotation of the shaft 23 is then communicated to the screwed shaft 7, causing the nuts 3 to be moved apart, whereby the wheel axle 9 is lifted through links 2, 2<1>. In the uncoupling operation, the securing pin is removed, the hooks 20 are lifted, and the bogie wheels are lowered by the driver before separating the vehicle elements.
Patent GB-1206355-A (GB)
Title: Abrading machine
Inventor: CASE JOHN SAMUEL
IPC: B24B21/02
Filed: 1968-07-09
Abstract: 1,206,355. Grinding. ANCHOR POST PRODUCTS Inc. 9 July, 1968 [21 May, 1968], No. 32776/68. Heading B3D. An abrading machine for abrading the surface of an elongate member such as a strand, wire, pipe or rod, comprises grooved means having a groove for supporting an elongate member therein, an endless abrasive belt aligned transversely of the groove so as to be urgable into surface contact with the elongate member when it is supported in the groove, yielding means for forcing the abrasive belt into contact with an exposed surface of the elongate member, means for moving the belt past the surface of the member so as to abrade the surface and means for rotating the grooved means, endless belt and the means for moving the belt about the elongate member when it is supported in the groove. In one machine described a wire W to be abraded is fed axially of a rotating hollow shaft 13, Fig. 1, and is supported in a groove in a cutaway extension 29 of the shaft 13, Fig. 8, whilst its exposed surface is abraded by a belt B. The belt B is carried by driven and idler carriers 28, 31, respectively, Fig. 1, mounted on a disc 42 secured to the shaft 13 for rotation therewith. The shaft 26 of the carrier 28 is mounted in a bearing arrangement 27 which provides angular adjustment for the carrier 28 to prevent lateral shifting of the belt B. The shaft 32 of carrier 31 is mounted for axial adjustment in a bearing arrangement 34 which itself is pivotally mounted to allow for variation in the tension in the belt B under the action of a spring 108 and turnbuckle 109. In a second embodiment the carrier 31 is driven and means are provided whereby the angular position of the carrier 28 may be adjusted whilst the machine is in operation.
Patent GB-302489-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of brown vat dyestuffs
IPC: C09B5/24
Filed: 1927-12-05
Abstract: 302,489. Johnson, J. Y., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Dec. 5, 1927. Addi. tion to 289,980. Benzanthrone derivatives. - Brown vat dyestuffs are prepared by halogenating the product obtained by mild oxidation of the leuco compound of the brown vat dyestuff described in example 2 of the parent Specification. According to examples, the product obtained by vatting the dyestuff with alkali and hydrosulphite followed by oxidation is brominated by means of bromine in nitrobenzene suspension with the addition of ferric chloride, brominated in aqueous suspension, or chlorinated by means of sulphuryl chloride. In place of ferric chloride other halogen carriers such as iodine may be used.
Patent GB-1392471-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for shoring and refilling a trench
IPC: E02D17/08
Filed: 1972-07-13
Abstract: 1392471 Trenching apparatus H BRECHT 13 July 1972 [16 July 1971] 32834/72 Heading E1F A self-advancing apparatus permits of the shoring of a trench section to allow of work, e.g. pipe laying, to take place in the section whilst a further trench section is excavated at one end of the frame and the trench section at the other end of the frame is filled in. Step by step sinking of the apparatus into the first trench section as it is excavated is facilitated by forming each of the two sides of the apparatus from stackable shuttering portions 2, 3, 4 of which the lowermost shuttering portion 2 of each side and the shuttering portion 3 immediately above it are connected by means 14 that can be actuated to move these shuttering portions away from or towards each other when required depending on appropriate release of bracing means 9, 10 extending between the opposed portions of the sides, advance of the apparatus along the line of the desired trench is caused by actuation of rams 18, 19 acting on vibrated plates 22 bearing against infilled soil at the rear of the apparatus, the apparatus moving forward on rollers 12 secured to the lowermost shuttering portion 2 of the walls. The leading ends of the walls are chamfered to form cutting edges to facilitate penetration of the walls into the soil on advance of the apparatus, soil between the leading parts of the walls is excavated by means, e.g. a shovel excavator, excavated material is loaded into a hopper 29 for delivery by conveyors 27, 31 into the trench section behind the apparatus.
Patent GB-276547-A (GB)
Title: Sign post
IPC: G09F7/20
Filed: 1926-12-29
Abstract: 276,547. Ebeling, A. Dec. 29, 1926. Posts, attachments for. - A sign post having detachable arms comprises a tubular post having its upper end formed with vertical slots, and indicating arms which hook into the slots on the poet and are locked in place by a cap. The post a is fitted at its upper end with a socket d having a tubular extension e which is flush with the outer surface of the post. A number of vertical slots g, open at their upper ends, are formed in the extension e, and a cap h covers the extension and is locked in position by means of a bolt i. Each arm b is made of thick sheet metal and it is formed at one end with a hooked extension k and two flaps n which are bent in opposite directions. In use, the cap is removed and the end k of an arm is hooked into one of the slots g. The flaps n bear against the inner surface of the extension e and hold the arm rigid. The cap h when replaced locks the arms in position. In a modification, the socket d is dispensed with and the slots g are formed in the end of the post. A plate bearing the name of a place or an advertisement may be fixed to the cap h.
Patent GB-1489639-A (GB)
Title: Electrical capacitor
IPC: H01G4/224
Filed: 1975-08-06
Abstract: 1489639 Capacitors PYE (ELECTRONICS PRODUCTS) Ltd 6 Aug 1975 32865/75 Heading H1M Capacitor roll 1 is inserted in container 5, free space within the container is filled with aluminium oxide particles 6, liquid resin is poured into the container and is hardened. The aluminium oxide particle size is sufficiently large, e.g. 400 to 800 micron mesh, that the liquid resin flows freely. Container 5 may be porous, e.g. paper-based, so that part of the liquid resin becomes absorbed.
Patent GB-430981-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to paper making machines
IPC: D21F9/02
Filed: 1933-11-24
Abstract: 430,981. Slices for Fourdrinier paper-making machines. TEALE, B. E., Lee, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Nov. 24, 1933, No. 32898. [Class 96] The slice plate 80, Figs. 2 and 5, of a Fourdrinier paper - making machine is supported at its upper edge, and adjustably bent at its lower or free edge to conform with the wire-cloth 4, by brackets 68 separately adjustable along a support transverse to the wire. The brackets 68 are formed with lugs 70 and tightened, by bolts 72 &c., about a tubular &c. support 60, pivoted at its ends to provide bodily adjustment of the height of the edge 45 of the slice, the brackets 68 being slidably keyed at 74 to the support 60 and carrying the local-adjustment screws 90, the heads 102 of which are received in grooves 98, the screw 90 being adjusted by a nut 92 locked by a nut 94. The slice plate 80, e.g. of thin metal, has entrance-slots 82, Fig. 5, and anchoring-slots 84 along its upper edge.
Patent GB-521394-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of margarine or the like by de-aeration and kneading or mixing
IPC: A01J17/00
Filed: 1938-11-14
Abstract: 521,394. Margarine &c. LUBECKERMETALLGIESSEREI UND MASCHINENFABRIK GES., [trading as SCHRODER & CO.], and KNOLLENBERG, R. Nov. 14, 1938. No. 33084. Convention date, Nov. 20, 1937. [Class 84] [Also in Group III] In the treatment of margarine and like oil and fat emulsions wherein the emulsion is solidified, upon a cooling drum and scraped off in the form of flakes, the mass obtained is subjected to a de-aerating process while in the flaky condition and then kneaded, or mixed. As shown, flakes from the cooling drum fall into a hopper a formed at its lower end into a de-aerating chamber h leading to a kneading machine d. The chamber h is sealed by a pocketed-wheel device k which also serves to feed the margarine flakes in measured and regulated quantities.
Patent GB-302150-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in purses
IPC: A45C1/02
Filed: 1928-11-12
Abstract: 302,150. Eriksson, F. L. Dec. 10, 1927, [Convention date]. Purses are so constructed that some or all of the coins introduced through an opening in the upper part can be removed through a second opening or openings in the lower part, thus enabling access to be had to the contents without removing the purse from the pocket of the user. Figs. 1 to 6 show the simplest construction. The body 1 of the purse is of soft leather or cloth, provided with an external pocket 16 for banknotes &c., and has an upper opening 2 normally held closed by a plate spring 3, Fig. 6, and by a pair of channelled strips 4. At the lower part of the purse are metal edgings 7, 8, hinged together by pins 5, 6, and carrying finger-pieces 9, 10, normally separated by the action of a spring 11, the edgings thus being maintained closed. A strip 12 extending across edging 7 carries a series of pins 14 adapted to enter apertures in a similar strip 13 on edging 8. These pins per. mit small coins to pass between them to the lowermost section of the purse. If it is desired to extract coins from the purse when situated, say, in the pocket, the hand is passed under the purse so as to press together the two finger-pieces 9, 10, slight pressure of these opening the edging; to a small extent and releasing the small coins greater pressure opening the edgings widely unti the pins become completely separated from their engagement with the opposite strip, see Fig. 5 In an alternative construction, Figs. 8 and 9, the purse carries an open-ended mounting 20 in which are pivotally mounted a yoke 21 and a sleeve 22 carrying respectively finger-pieces 24, 25, adapted to be moved against arms 27, 28, on the mounting under spring action. The pins 14 are secured to the mounting 20 the front upper edge of which is recessed at 29 between the pins, the recesses being engaged by corresponding flaps 30 on the lower edge of the sleeve 22. The sleeve consists of two portions pivoted together. By turning the upper finger-piece 25 the parts of the sleeve are in turn caused to swing outwardly to release the larger coins detained in the part of the mounting above the pins 14, the formation of the sleeve in two portions preventing the coins from sticking therein ; by turning the lower finger-piece the yoke 21 is swung aside to release the lowermost small, coins through the open bottom of the mounting.
Patent GB-1086276-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in means for measuring the fullness of oscillating chill-moulds containing molten material
IPC: B22D11/18
Filed: 1965-08-03
Abstract: 1,086,276. Determining liquid level. SCHLOEMANN A. G. Aug. 3, 1965 [Aug. 22, 1964], No. 33100/65. Heading G1A. The level of liquid metal in an oscillating chill mould of a continuous casting plant is measured by a scintillation counter (13) Fig. 1 (not shown) and a vertical radioactive rod source (12) diametrically opposite each other in the vicinity of the desired level, fluctuation in the output signal from the detector being eliminated by a signal from a potentiometer the wiper of which is driven by the mould oscillating mechanism to produce a signal equal and opposite to the fluctuations.
Patent GB-466573-A (GB)
Title: Road heating apparatus
IPC: E01C23/14
Filed: 1935-11-29
Abstract: 466,573. Road surface heaters. LAIDLAW, A. B. S. Nov. 29, 1935, No. 33165. [Class 107] The road wheels 2 adjacent the hood 6 of a road-surface heating machine are mounted on an undercarriage adjustable in relation to the chassis 1, whereby the height of the chassis at the hood end can be raised and lowered in relation to the non-adjustable axle of the other wheels 3. The undercarriage is adjusted by hand-operable means mounted on the chassis, the means shown comprising a pivoted handlever 14 having cams 15 which engage with arms 9 which are pivoted to the chassis and carry the wheels 2. The lever is locked by a pin to a quadrant 17 when in the adjusted position. The wheels 2 are driven by a motor or by hand wheels 12 mounted on the pivoting axis of the arms 9. The hood is fitted with a burner 20 and its lower edges are reinforced by angle-iron fillets 22. Air under pressure for combustion is fed through a duct 21 from a blower driven by a motor 18. The front wheel axle has a central point of attachment with a sub-frame 24 permitting the wheels to pivot about two axes at right-angles, the object being to ensure that the back wheels will always remain in contact with the ground.
Patent GB-813555-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in handle wrappings for golf clubs, racquets and the like
IPC: A63B60/14
Filed: 1956-10-31
Abstract: 813,555. Hand grips for golf clubs. MACDONALD, W. S. Jan. 30, 1958 [Oct. 31, 1956], No. 33207/56. Class 132(2) A tape for the handle of a golf club is provided with perforations to receive a leather thong 2.
Patent GB-996919-A (GB)
Title: Laminated yokes in rotary electric machines
IPC: H02K1/24
Filed: 1963-08-23
Abstract: 996,919. Yokes for dynamo-electric machines. HITACHI Ltd. Aug. 23, 1963 [Sept. 6, 1962], No. 33484/63. Heading H2A. In a laminated yoke carrying salient poles mounted in slots d in the yoke, in which the yoke is made up of segmental laminµ 3, adjacent layers of laminµ are staggered by at least two pitches of the mounting slots e to increase the bond between layers. The stock is secured by bolts through holes e.
Patent GB-1044730-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for encasement of conduit material
Inventor: BROWN CYRUS LOWELL
IPC: F16L3/223
Filed: 1964-08-17
Abstract: 1,044,730. Laying pipes. PLASTI-CON PIPE CO. Aug. 17, 1964, No. 33547/64. Heading F2P. Apparatus for encasing one or more tubular members 12 in cementitious material 13 comprises an elongated sled 15, hopper means 16 mounted to the rear of the sled, a vibrating support frame 22 for the tubular members having one or more openings therein to receive the tubular members horizontally therethrough, and means mounted to vibrate the support frame. As shown, the tubular members pass through a removable stationary frame 21 beneath the front of the sled and through the vibratory support frame 22 at the rear of the sled. This is vertically mounted and vibrated by means 29, transmitting vertically and horizontally acting vibrations to the frame 22 via a plate 28 contacting the front surface of the frame 22 over a substantial portion of its length. Fingers 24 welded or bolted to the frame 22 transmit the vibrations to the concrete. A projection 30 on the plate 28 engages in a groove of a hanger-bar 31 to limit the extent of the vibration of the frame.