Patent GB-734014-A (GB)
Title: Wall construction
IPC: E04B2/84
Filed: 1952-05-07
Abstract: 734,014. Walls, shuttering. PREBLE, A. Y., and GOLDEN, J. F. May 7,1952, No. 11573/52. Classes 20 (2) and 20 (4). A wall comprises a number of vertical panels 6, Fig. 1, composed of non-load bearing material such as hardened plastic material having incorporated therein a large proportion of lightweight aggregate such as Vermiculite, cinders, pumice or perlite, with the adjacent edges 10 of the panels spaced apart to form gaps 9 in which vertical reinforcing rods 13 are placed, the gaps 9 being filled with cementitious material which forms studs capable of carrying all the load on the wall. In building the wall a concrete footing 1, Fig. 3, is provided which may have a shelf 2 for floor beams 3 carrying a floor 4 level with the upper face 5 of the footing 1. On the upper face 5, a backing is set up for supporting the panels 6 and consists of vertical boards 17, horizontal stringers 18, and shores 30. The panels 6 are of cuneiform cross-section and small metal ties 11 have their pointed ends 15 driven into the outer faces 8 of the panels, the ties having eyes 12 through which the reinforcing rods 13 pass. Ties 16 having bights which form sockets for rods 13 may also be used, the inner ends of the ties passing through holes 16a in the boards 17, and being twisted at 16b. The cementitious material may be shot into the gaps 9 by a cement gun. In a wall having two tiers of panels, Fig. 3, the upper panels 20 are supported so that a beam 21 is formed monolithic with the vertical studs. A bonding beam 22 may also be formed monolithic with the studs at the top of panels 20 by means of a stringer 24 supported on boards 17 and held by short cleats 25, and also a cap sill 27 which may form a seat for heads 28 on the reinforcing rods 13. The sill 27 may support the end of a roof truss 31. An outer slab 34, which may extend to form a fire wall 32, may be formed monolithic with the studs and beams and may be reinforced with reticulated reinforcing material 35 such as wire mesh held by furring nails 36 driven into the outer faces 8 of the panels. After removing the backing members, the inner faces 7 of panels 6 and the studs are plastered, the ends of ties 16, which project after the boards have been removed, being used to secure plaster reinforcement. To accommodate diagonal reinforcing rods 38, Fig. 4, one of the faces of certain of the panels 6 are grooved at 37. The lower ends 41 of rods 38 are bent and embedded in a super sill la formed above the footing or alternatively may be bent upwardly into a channel gap. The upper ends 42 of rods 38 run between horizontal reinforcing bars 43 in the space in which beam 22a is formed. Vertical reinforcing rods 13a are also provided. At the corner of a building the ends of diagonal reinforcements may be bent to extend along an adjacent wall. A beam may be formed across the top of panels 53, Fig. 6, by supporting a rafter 54 on an X-frame having a diagonal brace 55, the cap sill 56 being secured to the rafter. A sheetmetal backing apron 60 having an upper flange 61 which hangs on the rear edge of cap sill 56, is located between the panels and the backing boards 58 and forms the backing for producing a beam. Reinforcing bars 63, 65 are used. If the upper tips of the panels are located at the position 62, a shallower beam is formed, reinforcements 65 being omitted.