baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-312195-A (GB)
Abstract: 312,195. Isle, C. May 18, 1928, [Convention date]. Pistons, cooling. - In a two-stroke internalcombustion engine the piston and extension 31 are hollow; when the extension enters the cylinder end, air flows from the pipe 26 through the exten. sion 31, hollow piston and pipe 33 formed in the crosshead to a pipe 34, which telescopes over an outlet 35 to the atmosphere. At the end of the power stroke the outlet to atmosphere is cut off by the pipe 35 closing the top of the pipe 33. The air may be discharged into the crank case. Pistons, packing.-The packing on the end of each extension 31 consists of spring rings 49, Fig. 9, retained in position by holding rings 50. Both sets are held in place by a nut 52 screwing in the end of the extension. The nut, spring rings and cylinder end are chamfered as shown. A steel bushing 55 may be provided in the cylinder to receive the end of the extension.
Patent GB-1145827-A (GB)
Title: Treatment of dust from cement kilns
Inventor: HEILMANN THORBJORN
IPC: F27B7/20
Filed: 1965-07-22
Abstract: 1,145,827. Cement. F. L. SMIDTH & CO. A/S. 21 June, 1966 [22 July, 1965], No. 31330/65. Heading C1H. Alkali containing dust in the exhaust gases from cement rotary kilns is precipitated in an electrostatic precipitator consisting of at least two series-connected sections, the dust precipitated in at least the first section is returned to the kiln or precipitator, the dust in a later section is separated into two fractions at a size between 5Á and 15Á, the fine fraction being discharged whilst the coarse is recycled to the kiln or the precipitator. Separation can be by centrifugal action in an air stream.
Patent GB-244765-A (GB)
Title: A method of and means for obtaining data for use in the design of aircraft, projectiles and other bodies moving through air
IPC: G01M9/08
Filed: 1925-12-11
Abstract: 244,765. Benard, G. L. O. Dec. 19, 1924, [Convention date]. Screw and like propellers.-In order to determine the best shape to be given to aircraft propellers, &c., models of the propellers are coated with a greasy material, which is readily fusible. and are placed for a few moments in a wind tunnel heated to the melting point of the greasy material. The best shape for the propeller is then deduced by observing the extent to which the fused material has been removed. Paraffine, stearine, spermaceti, or analogous material having a melting point between 36 C. and 65 C. may be used. In practice a cylindrical chamber a having a fan c and air-line straightener d is mounted in a chamber b heated to the required temperature by radiators f disposed beneath and to each side of the chamber a.
Patent GB-538560-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hand or power hammers
IPC: E02D7/02
Filed: 1939-12-02
Abstract: 538,560. Nailing. SIMONS, J. E. R. Dec. 2, 1939, No. 31357. [Class 89 (iii)] [Also in Group XXIII] A hand or power hammer for driving a tool, nail, or like member 2 into a surface 21, comprises a sheath 1 adapted to receive the member and mounted for sliding ramming movement on a supporting member which is itself adapted for universal movement. In the hand hammer shown, the member 2 has shoulders 3, 4 and the tubular sheath 1 has a weighted head 6 to impact the end 5 of the member 2. The sheath is provided with tubular handles 7, 8 side plates 13, 14 and flanges 15, 16 which co-operate with rollers 9, 10 supporting the sheath. The rollers are mounted on a support 11 carried by a universal joint 17 on a tripod 18. To enable it to engage over, or withdraw, the member 2, the end of the sheath 1 is fitted with a detachable component 19 held in position by a pin 20. Instead of, or in addition to, being supported from below, the sheath may be slung in a cradle, or otherwise suspended from above.
Patent GB-1497983-A (GB)
Title: Azo pigments and process for their manufacture
IPC: C09B35/35
Filed: 1976-07-28
Abstract: 1497983 Trisazo pigments CIBA-GEIGY AG 28 July 1976 [31 July 1975] 31373/76 Heading C4P Novel trisazo pigments having the formula (where R 1  and R 2  independently are H, C 1-6  alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; Y is O, S or = NH; Z is O or = NH; Y 1 -Y 4  independently are H, hal, C 1-4  alkyl or alkoxy, NO 2 , CF 3 , or C 2-4  alkoxycarbonyl) are prepared by diazotization of the appropriate diaminoazobenzene and coupling the resulting tetrazo compound with the appropriate pyridine coupling component. The pigments are used for colouring high molecular weight materials, which may be in the form of plastic melts, spinning solutions, lacquers, paints or printing inks. 4,4'-Diaminoazobenzene is prepared by hydrolysis of 4,4<SP>1</SP>-diacetylaminoazobenzene, which is prepared from 4-aminoacetanilide by oxidation with sodium perborate.
Patent GB-673164-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen from finely divided solid fuels
IPC: C10J3/46
Filed: 1949-12-07
Abstract: 673,164. Gasifying powdered fuel. KOPPERS CO., Inc. Dec. 7, 1949 [Dec. 7,1948], No. 31419/49. Classes 55 (i) and 55 (ii). Combustible gas is produced by forming a suspension in oxygen or oxygen enriched air under pressure, of a finely divided fuel such as coal or lignite, injecting the suspension as a jet into an internally heated chamber where the fuel partly burns, introducing steam or carbon dioxide under the same pressure around the jet, so that it reacts with the gases and unburnt fuel therefrom to form a combustible gas. The process is similar to that described in' Specification 673,161 except that the earlier process is conducted at atmospheric pressure. In the apparatus shown, powdered fuel from hoppers 2 and 3 and oxygen under pressure from pipe 8 are mixed in mixer 7 and injected through a pipe 10 to form a jet in a conical gasification chamber 13 which is internally heated so. that the fuel ignites and is partly burnt in the jet. An annular orifice 14 surrounds the pipe 10 and admits steam, at the same pressure as the oxygen and preheated to 450-500‹ C. by combustion gases from burners 23, as an envelope around the jet, thus protecting the walls of the chamber from the high temperature thereof. The gases and unburnt fuel from the fuel-oxygen jet react with the steam lower in the chamber to form a gas of composition CO 2  11.8 per cent; CO 43.1 per cent; H 2  43.1 per cent; N 2  &c. 2.0 per cent. To prevent methane formation, the gas is cooled to 500‹ C. by cold gas entering at 28 and then passed in series through water jacketed chambers 22 and 18 where the solid residues are deposited and finally through a fire-tube boiler 19 to outlet 21 which is controlled by a valve so as to maintain a steady pressure of between 5 and 20 atmospheres in chamber 13.
Patent GB-1584194-A (GB)
Title: Process for reducing the content of lipids in cell masses
IPC: C12M1/04
Filed: 1977-07-27
Abstract: The lipid and nucleic acid content in microbial cell masses is decreased by treating the cell masses with an extraction mixture of ammonia or ammonium hydroxide and an organic solvent of the formula I. After the removal of the extraction mixture, the residue of the cell mass is washed with water and the aqueous phase is removed. The residue is then dried - optionally after extraction with an organic solvent of the formula I. The substituents in the formula I have the meanings given in Claim 1.   Instead of a compound of the formula I, isopropanol can be used as organic solvent. R1-(CH2)n-OR2    (I)I
Patent GB-696695-A (GB)
Title: An improved artificial femoral head
IPC: A61F2/30
Filed: 1950-12-29
Abstract: An artificial femoral head is made of transparent synthetic resinous material, the head and stem being united to form an integral unit and carrying an X-ray opaque indicating device. The stem may be reinforced with a metal rod and the indicator may consist of crossed wires or a metal gauze.
Patent GB-136834-A (GB)
Title: Improved Process for Recovering Ammonia from Coke Oven and like Gases.
IPC: C01C1/12
Filed: 1918-09-27
Abstract: 136,834. Soc. Industrielle de Produits Chimiques. May 27, 1918, [Convention date]. Ammonia; ammonium sulphate.-Ammonia is recovered from coke-oven and like gases by absorption in a solution of sodium bisulphate at 70‹ C., so as to form a precipitate of sodium-ammonium sulphate, which is separated and dried and then heated, first to 100‹ C. to expel the water of crystallization, and then to 350-600‹ C., for instance 450‹ C., to obtain ammonia and sodium bisulphate, which is used again.
Patent GB-590635-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the refining of oils
IPC: C10G19/00
Filed: 1939-12-07
Abstract: The tendency for normally refined coal tar oils, e.g., low temperature carbonization diesel oils, alone or blended with petroleum oils, e.g. gas oils, to precipitate sludge on storage, is reduced by washing the normally refined oil (or a blend thereof with a petroleum oil) under controlled agitation with a concentrated solution of caustic alkali, e.g., 2 per cent. to 3 per cent. of 15 per cent. to 25 per cent. caustic soda solution, the oil and caustic alkali being left undisturbed for a determined minimum period (such as 24 hours) over caustic alkali for the settlement of the sludge and traces of caustic alkali in suspension before decantation of the treated oil.  The final caustic wash may be effected before distillation or in the absence of distillation and the oil, if freshly distilled, may be subjected to oxidation or heating over an extended period after the usual refining treatment, but before the final washing treatment with caustic alkali, for the purpose of ageing the oil. This ageing process may be carried out by storing the oil for several weeks exposed to the atmosphere, by air blowing the oil at 35-100 DEG C. for a period up to 48 hours, or washing with, for example, 30 per cent. of 1.0 per cent. hypochlorite.  The refining process described improves the colour, raises the cetene number, lowers the spontaneous ignition temperature and increases the rate of filtration of the oil.  A large number of examples of the process are given.
Patent GB-446824-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to curved stereotype printing plates
IPC: B41N1/20
Filed: 1934-11-06
Abstract: 446,824. Stereotypes. LINOTYPE & MACHINERY, Ltd., 9, Kingsway, London, and GERRARD, W., Brantwood, Brook Lane, Timperley, Cheshire. Nov. 6, 1934, No. 31829. Drawings to Specification. [Class 100 (ii)] In order to avoid distortion of stereotype plates due to the fact that the radius of the surface of the circumferential ribs on the back of the plates is formed slightly less than the radius of the printing-cylinder, a greater amount of rib metal is formed near the centre of the plate. This may be effected by the provision of additional circumferential ribs of short length extending over a portion only of the plate in the region of its centre, the short and full-length ribs being preferably arranged alternately, or by making the usual ribs of greater width near the centre of the plate. In order to enable the variation in strength to approximate more closely to the bending- movement, the short-length ribs may be of two different lengths arranged alternately, or the width of the circumferential ribs may decrease progressively from the centre towards the edges.
Patent GB-174243-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for heating internal combustion engines
IPC: F02N19/10
Filed: 1920-11-11
Abstract: 174,243. Cranston, G., and Stark, R. Nov. 11, 1920. Cylinders, heating. - The cooling-medium is heated by an external heater A when the engine is not in use; the pipes E, F from the heater are connected to the radiator at points below the water line. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 22483/14.
Patent GB-672754-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ion-exchange processes for the treatment of water
IPC: B01D15/04
Filed: 1949-12-14
Abstract: 672,754. Measuring physical qualities electrically. THOMPSON-KENNICOTT, Ltd., J., and PAGE, G. C. Dec. 14, 1950 [Dec. 14, 1949], No. 32121/49. Class 37. [Also in Group I] Apparatus for the treatment of water including a cation and anion exchange unit, 1, 2, respectively, is characterized by the addition of an auxiliary overcharged anion unit 5 followed by a conductivity meter 11, whose reading indicates the degree of exhaustion of the cation unit 1, and operates a relay 12 to produce an audible or visible warning, or stop the water flow and initiate regeneration of the cation unit. The auxiliary anion unit 5 is fed via a perforated pipe 10 at the bottom of the cation unit 1 near its outlet 7, through small bore pipes, either continuously or intermittently.
Patent GB-989946-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a composite strip for use in the manufacture of bearings
Inventor: VANDERVELL GUY ANTHONY
IPC: F16C33/14
Filed: 1960-09-19
Abstract: A composite strip, for use in the manufacture of bearings, is made by coating a steel backing strip with a Cu alloy containing 5-25% Pb, 0-20% Zn and/or Sn and 0-0.6% Fe, heating the coated strip, casting a layer of a Pb alloy containing 2-10% In, 0-0.5% Ag, 0-0.5% Sb and optionally 0.001-0.25% Te on to the Cu-alloy coating and cooling the composite strip in a selected short time so that controlled transfer of In from the layer to the coating and of Cu from the coating to the layer takes place.  The Pb-In layer then contains 0.1-3% Cu and the Cu-Pb coating contains approximately 0.1% In.
Patent GB-938677-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in tools for crimping electrical connectors
IPC: H01R43/042
Filed: 1962-08-22
Abstract: 938,677. Jointing by stamping. AMP Inc. Aug. 22, 1962 [Aug. 29, 1961], No. 32215/62. Class 83 (4).  A tool for crimping electrical connectors to conductors is substantially the same as that described in Specification 938,676, except that the inward travel of the indentors 45 is limited by their shoulders 48 abutting the sides of the blocks 68. In the event of one or more indentors reaching its stop prior to the bottoming of the remaining indentors the cam 20 adjusts itself laterally on the rod 6 so that further movement of the cam operates only those levers 36 related to the un-arrested indentors.
Patent GB-765494-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in magnesium base alloys
IPC: C22C23/06
Filed: 1954-11-08
Abstract: Magnesium and rare earth metals are combined to form alloys having good mechanical properties when hot or cold, the rare earth metal content of the alloy being 2-6 per cent and having the composition Nd 60-75 per cent, Pr 10-15 per cent, Sm 16-17 per cent, La 5-15 per cent. Ce 0.
Patent GB-1349171-A (GB)
Title: Method of manufacturing non-woven shoe material
IPC: D04H1/482
Filed: 1971-07-09
Abstract: 1349171 Coated non-woven fabric ARTOS DR ING MEIER-WINDHORST KG 9 July 1971 [17 July 1970] 32263/71 Heading B2E [Also in Divisions D1-D2] An unspecified "finish" is applied to a non- woven fabric 10 by a plurality of sprays 16 located at intervals along the path of travel of the fabric. Different proportions of air and spraying substance are delivered to the various sprays. The non-woven fabric is obtained by conveying a needled web 10 through bath 11 which shrinks the web by up to 30%, impregnating at 12 with natural rubber latex or polyurethane binder, squeezing at 13, coagulating at 40-45‹C in pre-drier 19 or in coagulation bath (21, Figs. 2, 3, not shown). washing in bath 20, drying to 10-15% moisture at 14 then hot smoothing and milling at 15.
Patent GB-1014424-A (GB)
Title: New benzenesulphonyl semicarbazides, preparations containing them and a process fortheir manufacture
IPC: C07D205/04
Filed: 1962-08-22
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of formula <FORM:1014424/C2/1> wherein X is a hydrogen atom, an azido or trifluoromethyl group, or an alkoxy group having up to 6 carbon atoms, and Z-Z1 is an alkylene chain having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more alkyl groups having up to 4 carbon atoms, physiologically acceptable salts thereof with acids and bases, and their preparation by (a) reaction of a benzenesulphonyl isocyanate, or a compound forming such an isocyanate, with an N,N-alkylene - hydrazine; (b) reaction of a benzenesulphonyl carbamic acid or thiocarbamic acid ester with an N,N-alkylene-hydrazine; (c) reaction of a benzenesulphonamide with an N,N - alkylenehydrazino - N1 - carbamic acid or thiocarbamic acid ester; (d) reaction of a benzenesulphonyl carbamic acid halide and an N,N-alkylene-hydrazine; (e) reaction of an N,N - alkylene - hydrazine - N1 - carbamic acid halide with a benzenesulphonamide; (f) reaction of a benzenesulphonyl urea, in which the urea residue may be substituted by alkyl, N1-acyl or aryl radicals, or of bis-(benzenesulphonyl)-ures, with an N,N-alkylenehydrazine or a salt thereof; (g) reaction of an N4-acyl-N1,N1-alkylene-semicarbazide with a benzenesulphonamide; (h) hydrolysis of a 1-benzenesulphonyl-3-(N,N-alkyleneimino) - parabanic acid; or (h) desulphurization of a benzensulphonyl-thio-semicarbazide by, for example, an oxide, a heavy metal salt, hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide or nitrous acid.  N - (4 - Azidobenzenesulphonyl) - urea is prepared by reaction of 4 - azido - benzenesulphonamide with potassium cyanate in boiling ethanol.  1 - (m - Trifluoromethyl) - benzenesulphonyl- 3 - pentamethyleneimino - parabanic acid is prepared by reaction of oxalyl chloride and 1,1-pentamethylene - semicarbazide to form pentamethyleneimino - parabanie acid, and reacting this with m-trifluoromethyl-benzene-sulphonyl chloride.  The compounds of the invention have hypoglycemic activity and may be used in pharmaceutical compositions in combination with a carrier in forms suitable for oral administration, e.g. tablets.
Patent GB-1147234-A (GB)
Title: An improvement in or relating to satfety cut-off valves for gas supply systems
Inventor: FARRER SYDNEY
IPC: F23N5/24
Filed: 1966-07-19
Abstract: 1,147,234. Valves. BRYAN DONKIN CO. Ltd. 10 July, 1967 [19 July, 1966], No. 32346/66. Heading F2V. A safety cut-off valve has a horse shoe permanent magnet 40 which energizes two soft iron polepieces 58 adapted to attract a keeper 64 and hold lever 19 horizontal to latch the closure member 16 open. When a preset pressure is reached a pressure sensitive diaphragm 34 connected to magnet 40 moves the latter on to a second keeper 62 away from polepieces 58 so that the first keeper 64 falls pivoting lever 19 about point 20 to release the closure member 16 which is urged on to its seat 18 by a spring 28. To reset the valve a spindle 17 passing through the valve casing is depressed against a spring, to bring a hexagonal part of the spindle into a hexagonal aperture coaxial with the pivot axis of lever 26, and rotated to return the closure member 16 behind the latch 22. If the valve is closed in store projection 27 returns the lever 19 to its horizontal position to complete the magnetic circuit. The outlet may be controlled by a pressure regulator valve, Fig. 6 (not shown), having a closure member (116) actuated by a diaphragm and lever mechanism.
Patent GB-1385003-A (GB)
Title: Process for dyeing linear polyesters in the melt
IPC: C09B5/34
Filed: 1973-07-06
Abstract: 1385003 Process for dyeing linear polyesters in the melt CIBA-GEIGY AG 6 July 1973 [7 July 1972] 32425/73 Heading C4P [Also in Division C3] A process for colouring linear polyesters in the melt is characterized by the use of an acridone of formula wherein R 1 , R 2  and R 4  denote H or halogen, C 1-6  alkyl or alkoxy groups, phenoxy groups which are optionally substituted by halogen or alkyl or -CF 3  groups, and R 3  denotes H or halogen, C 1-6  alkyl, or a phenoxy group, with at most one of these radicals denoting a halogen atom. Red to violet shades are produced with the polyesters, and polyethylene terephthalate is a particularly suitable polyester.
Patent GB-281691-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the concentration of nitric acid
IPC: C01B21/44
Filed: 1927-12-01
Abstract: 281,691. Frischer, H. Dec. 6, 1926, [Convention date]. Acids, distilling and concentrating; column stills and rectifiers.- Dilute nitric acid is concentrated by heating indirectly a mixture thereof with a water absorbent medium, e.g., sulphuric acid, in consecutive stages to gradually increasing temperature, the dilute acid being exposed to the lowest temperature and the temperature being increased as the concentration of the acid increases. The heating vessel comprises a number of superposed sections A, B, C, D, E with the bottom section F in the form of a kettle, the whole being enclosed in a jacket 1. Dilute acid is supplied through a pipe 4 and concentrated sulphuric acid through a pipe 5, the nitric acid vapour escaping by a pipe 6. The acid mixture collects on the partitions 11 until it rises to the level of the overflow tubes 13 when it flows into the next lower section. The vapours evolved pass upwards through tubes 12. Steam is admitted to the jacket through pipes 7, 8, the steam entering the jacket round section F being superheated to 160‹ C., and entering section D, E to 145-150‹, while the temperature of the steam in the two upper jacket sections is 120‹ C. and 105‹ C. respectively. The jacket 1 may be replaced by a cast wall containing embedded steam coils, or a number of radial heating elements may be arranged in each section each consisting of a flanged tube 18, Fig. 4, closed at its inner end and having a cover 19 formed with steam admission and escape pipes.
Patent GB-534952-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods of sealing side tubes to vitreous envelopes
IPC: H01J5/20
Filed: 1939-12-18
Abstract: 534,952. Welding and jointing glass ; uniting metal to vitreous material. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd., BREADNER, R. L., and SIMMS, C. H. Dec. 18, 1939, No. 32432. [Class 56] [Also in Group XXXVI] A method of sealing a side tube to a vitreous envelope consists in supporting the tube with one end close to the envelope, heating the portion of the envelope to which the tube is to be sealed causing contact between the end of the tube and the heated portion, and then forming a hole through the heated position within the side tube by establishing a difference of pressure between one side of the heated portion and the other. When the side tube 1, Fig. 1, is of vitreous material, its lower end is closed and the open end 3 is arranged close to and below the horizontal envelope 4. The portion 5 of the envelope is heated by a small blow pipe 11 introduced into the envelope, and the heated portion sags down and closes the open end 3 of the tube. Further heating causes the pressure within the tube to blow a hole through the portion 5, and the hole enlarges to the internal diameter of the tube 1. When the side tube 10, Fig. 2, is of metal, is is supported in a guide which allows it to be moved axially to and from the envelope 4 The portion 5 of the envelope is heated, and when the glass is soft the tube is forced into it. Suction is then applied to the interior of the tube 10 through an aperture, or through an extension tube 7, to form the hole in the heated portion 5. The glass at the edge of the hole unites with the interior of the tube 10 to form a seal 9. Electric conductors may be introduced into the envelope through the tube 7.