baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-731445-A (GB)
Title: Moulds for precision casting
Inventor: DUNLOP ADAM
IPC: B22C1/16
Filed: 1952-09-11
Abstract: A method of forming a multi-layer shell mould around an expendable pattern includes dipping the pattern alternately in an acid and in an alkaline (or alkaline reaction giving) solution of a soluble silicate (or silica sol) each of which includes a finely ground refractory material suspended in the solution, the normality or effective normality of the alkaline solution being greater than that of the acid solution, each dipping being followed by the application of a stucco material to the wet mould. Examples of alkaline and acid solutions are given containing refractories such as flint powder, zircon, sillimanite, zirconia, and alumina silica, sillimanite, firebrick grog, zirconia, and zircon may be used for the stuccoing. Specification 722,816, [Group XXII], is referred to.
Patent GB-750515-A (GB)
Title: Substituted stilbenes
Inventor: SCHMIDT MAX
IPC: C07C45/00
Filed: 1953-08-19
Abstract: The invention comprises substituted dialkyl stilbenes of the formula <FORM:0750515/IV(a)/1> where R and R1 are alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R2 is a hydrogen atom or an aldehyde group. Preferably R and R1 are both ethyl groups.  The compounds are made by heating an alkali metal salt of the corresponding dialkyl 4:41-dihydroxystilbene with a trihalomethane, e.g. chloroform, and acidifying the product.  The use of equimolecular proportions of the stilbene and the trihalomethane results in the formation of the mono-aldehyde, while an excess of the trihalomethane gives the dialdehyde.  The reaction is suitably carried out in the presence of an excess of an alkali metal hydroxide.  The products are purified by means of their bisulphite addition compounds.  In an example diethyl stilboestrol is heated with an excess of chloroform in aqueous sodium hydroxide and the resulting a :b -diethyl-4:41-dihydroxy-stilbene 3:31-dialdehyde is purified by its bisulphite compound.
Patent GB-742108-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of calcium carbide and calcium cyanamide
Inventor: KAESS FRANZ
IPC: C01B32/942
Filed: 1952-09-12
Abstract: In a process for preparing a calcium carbide composition of improved meltability and azotability using a mixture of lime and carbon or coke in an electric furnace, calcium fluoride in granulated form in an amount 1.5-3.5 per cent of the carbide-forming mixture is added, and the mixture melted.  The calcium fluoride granules of size 3-15 mm. may, preferably, be interposed in spaced layers in the carbide-forming mixture.  The resulting calcium carbide composition may be readily converted to calcium cyanamide by nitrogenization with nitrogen gas, without further addition.
Patent GB-683892-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved apparatus for controlling the draught produced by the chimneys or flues of furnaces, boilers, stoves or kilns
IPC: F23L13/02
Filed: 1949-09-05
Abstract: 683,892. Check draught dampers and explosion fittings for stoves. LANGHAM, A. J. Sept. 5, 1950 [Sept. 5, 1949; Oct. 25, 1949], Nos. 22999/49 and 20382/50. Divided cut of 683,896. Class 126 [Also in Group XII] An automatic draught stabilizer for the flues of furnaces, boilers or stoves of the kind in which a counterbalanced valve is pivotally mounted within an opening leading to the flue, comprises a main frame 1 set in the wall 3 of the flue, an auxiliary frame 8 formed with an aperture 13 seating in corner socket plates 9 and 10 on said frame and secured thereto by a stud 15, and the counterbalanced valve 16 so constructed and mounted in the frame 8 that it will open readily either inwardly or outwardly, under the influence of a depression or of a positive pressure in the flue. The valve 16 comprises an aluminium or like sheet formed with reinforcing side flanges 17 and transverse flutes 18, mounted asymmetrically on a rod or tube 20 supported in bearing bosses 21 on the frame 8 and formed also with a central slot 30 for the passage of a weight and lever assembly. This assembly comprises a bar 25 secured to a segment 27 clamped to the rod 20, said bar having a lower arm 29 disposed inwardly of the valve and carrying weights 35, and an upper arm 28 disposed outwardly of the valve and fitted with a rubber stop 31 cushioning contact of said arm with said valve and with the frame 8. When the valve moves inwardly under the influence of a depression in the flue, the bar 25 is carried with it, Fig. 2, but when the valve moves outwardly under the influence of a positive pressure, e.g. an explosion in the flue, the bar 25 is held against the frame 8 by the stop 31 and the valve moves freely, Fig. 3. The bar 25 may be locked against the frame 8 by a spring or other catch. The rod 20 may be mounted on spring-pressed ball or pin bearings as disclosed in Specification 683,896 and a fixed or movable obturator plate 36 as disclosed in Specification 683,922 may also be fitted.
Patent GB-706138-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of polymerization
IPC: C08F4/00
Filed: 1951-10-03
Abstract: Polymers are made by polymerizing in an aqueous medium at a pH of 2-6.5, one part of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated monomers to not more than 4 parts of the medium, in the presence of a water-soluble source of sulphate ions and a water-soluble source of chlorate ions the source of sulphite ions being in excess of the equivalent molecular proportion of the source of chlorate ions.  The polymerization may be effected in the presence of emulsifiers or dispersing agents and buffers and if desired under superatmospheric pressure.  Specified monomers are vinyl chloride, vinyl cyanide, binyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl acrylates, and the corresponding methacrylates, 2-chloro-propene-1, methacrylonitrile, 2-cyano-propene-1, isopropenyl acetate, propionate and butyrate, vinylidene chloride, 1-chloro-1-cyano-ethylene, 1-chloro-ethenyl acetate, propionate and butyrate and the methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters of alpha-chloro-acrylic acid.  The sources of the chlorate and sulphite ions may be chloric acid, sulphurous acid, or sodium, potassium or ammonium chlorate, sulphite or bisulphite. Emulsifiers and dispersing agents mentioned are alkyl sulphates, e.g. lauryl sulphate, alkyl sulphonates, alkyl aryl sulphonates, quaternary ammonium compounds polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene oxide polymers, and polyglycols.  Buffers mentioned are acetic acid, sulphuric acid, sodium acetate and a mixture of acetic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid and sodium hydroxide.
Patent GB-1075236-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to organic polyalkyleneoxy silicates
Inventor: JUNIOR LESLIE GREY NUNN
IPC: C08G77/02
Filed: 1964-06-03
Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene silicates of general formula [R-O-(CH2CHR1-O)m- 1 -(CH2CH2O)n]4- r -Si(R2)r wherein R is an alkyl group of 1 to 28 carbon atoms or an aryl group of 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one to three alkyl groups containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R1 is a methyl or ethyl group, each R2 represents an alkoxy group of 1 to 27 carbon atoms, or an aryloxy group of 6 to 14 carbon atoms, either of which may be substituted by halogen, an alkyl radical of 1 to 27 carbon atoms or a polyalkyloneoxy chain of 5 to 35 units, r is 0-3, and m and n are each 1 to 150 (see Division C3) may be used as lubricants and hydraulic fluids.ALSO:The invention comprises polyoxyalkylene silicates of general formula [R-O-(CH2CHR1-O)m- 1 -(CH2CH2O)n]4- r -Si(R2)r wherein R is an alkyl group of 1 to 28 carbon atoms, or an aryl group of 6 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one to three alkyl groups containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R1 is a methyl or ethyl group, each R2 represents an alkoxy group of 1 to 27 carbon atoms, or an aryloxy group of 6 to 14 carbon atoms, either of which may be substituted by a halogen atom, an alkyl radical of 1 to 27 carbon atoms or a polyalkyloneoxy chain of 5 to 35 units, r is 0-3, and m and n are each 1 to 150.  Many R, R1 and R2 groups are specified.  These compounds are prepared by the ester-exchange of an alkyl- or aryl-polyalkyleneoxyalkanol and a tetra-substituted silicate at 170-250 DEG  C.; a list of suitable tetra-substituted silicate-starting materials is given.  Typical examples describe the preparation of (II) [C9H19.C6H4. O(CH2CH2O)6]4Si and (III) C6H5O(CH2CH2O)120. Si-(OC6H5)3 in (XIV) the product of (III) is further transesterified with other polyethyleneoxymonoethers to yield products containing several different polyalkyleneoxy groups. Uses.-In lubricating and functional liquid formulations, catalysts, drugs, hydraulics, refrigeration, cosmetics, detergents, cleaning products, paints, plastics, greases, textile processing, modifying surface properties of leather, wood and paper, enamels, coatings, biocidal formulations, defoamers, corrosion inhibitors, and refractory binders.
Patent GB-204845-A (GB)
Title: Automatic changing device for ferrotype cameras
IPC: G03B17/34
Filed: 1922-08-24
Abstract: 204,845. Norton, A. E. Aug. 24, 1922. Magazine hand cameras with sliding change in plane of plate and with compound change, and fitted with means for treating negatives. - In ferrotype cameras, in which a stack of sensitized cards, plates, or tintypes is used, means are provided for sliding the top sensitized element away from the stack into a suitable developing chamber &c. without touching it by hand, consisting of two rollers 17, Fig. 1, engaging the edges of the top card of the stack which is supported within a trough 10 on a spring-pressed platform 15, the card being caused to ride up a slope 21 so that when freed from the rollers it falls through an aperture 23 into a chamber 24. In a modification shown in Fig. 4 the trough 10 and guide 22 are slidable laterally by means of a hand-operated crank 35 which causes a blade 37 to engage the toothed edge of a projection 32 from the platform 15 and moves the trough and at the same time holds the stack in its place when freed from engagement with the rollers. The camera may be of the vertical type in which a prism is used in conjunction with the lens or it may be of the horizontal type, the removal of the card from the stack being then assisted by its own weight.
Patent GB-1206406-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to centrifugal fans
Inventor: BROWN ROY WILLIAM
IPC: F04D29/42
Filed: 1967-05-18
Abstract: 1,206,406. Centrifugal fans. R. W. BROWN. May 24, 1968 [May 18, 1967], No. 23131/67. Heading F1C. A centrifugal fan comprises a housing having flanges 15, 16, Fig. 1, by which it can be connected to linear ducting for air or other gas. Within the housing is arranged a volute space containing an impeller 21 which receives the incoming air via an inlet chamber 18 and an opening in a partition 17. The chamber 18 contains a baffle 20 which extends partly across the chamber to cause the incoming air to flow towards the impeller eye. The baffle is arcuate and is arranged with its concave surface facing towards the incoming flow. The baffle may have a radius of curvature of about 0À5 D, extend across the chamber by a distance of about 0.3 D D and have a chord length of about 0.9 D, where D is the diameter of the impeller. In an alternative embodiment, Figs. 3 and 4 (not shown), a housing of rectangular cross-section contains two impellers arranged back-to-back on a common belt-driven shaft in a volute space sandwiched between a pair of inlet chambers each similar to the inlet chamber 18 and each containing a respective arcuate baffle.
Patent GB-1308328-A (GB)
Title: Use of polyurethanes for laminating textile sheet materials
IPC: C09J175/04
Filed: 1970-05-13
Abstract: 1308328 Textile laminates BAYER AG 13 May 1970 [14 June 1969] 23153/70 Heading B5N [Also in Division C3] A process for heat-sealing textile materials comprises applying to surface of a textile material a polyurethane obtained from (a) at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate, (b) at least one polyol containing aliphatically bound hydroxyl groups and having a molecular weight of up to 250, and (c) 0À1 to 50% by weight, based on the weight of the polyurethane, of at least one high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compound containing at least two aliphatically bound hydroxyl groups and having a molecular weight of 250 to 2500, applying a second textile material so as to sandwich the polyurethane, and heat-sealing the two materials together. Preferred components are for (a) hexane-1,6-diisocyanate or a biuret triisocyanate, for (b) a mixture of glycols, and for (c) a phthalic acid polyester. The polyurethane may be applied to the textile material in the form of a powder, paste, fleece, thread, fibres, fabric or as a spray. The textile materials may be woven or knitted fabrics, felts and fleeces of natural and synthetic fibres, e.g. of cotton, rayon, wool, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide and polyester fibres.
Patent GB-1306189-A (GB)
IPC: H01L23/525
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1306189 Repairable integrated circuits HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO 19 April 1971 [5 March 1970] 23235/71 Addition to 1282177 Heading H1K An integrated circuit substrate comprises an array of randomly distributed good cells each provided with terminals. The array is covered with an apertured insulating layer exposing the terminals of selected ones of the good cells, and the layer is covered with a metallization layer which effectively relocates the selected cells (where necessary) to points on a predetermined master circuit pattern common to a set of substrates and which also provides conductive segments at predetermined locations to later act as oross-unders. A further insulating layer may be apertured using a mask common to all wafers of the same type and which exposes the said points and the terminations of the crossunders. Another mask common to all wafers of the same type is used to provide a predetermined pattern of metallization which links some of the points (and their associated cells) into a specific circuit arrangement and which provides the remaining points, which are associated with the remainder of the selected cells, with isolated terminal pads. Since all the interconnections are thus made accessible in the uppermost level of metallization it is possible to determine readily the identity of any cell of the specific circuit arrangement now found faulty (for example as a result of bad metallization or bad inter-level insulation) or which becomes faulty in use. The faulty cell may be isolated by laser cutting or etching away its interconnections and one of the (redundant) remainder of the selected cells is placed in circuit by, for example, soldering jumper wires between its isolated terminal pads and those interconnections severed from the faulty cell.
Patent GB-675920-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to valve closure members, especially for stop valves
IPC: F16K1/36
Filed: 1950-09-22
Abstract: 675,920. Valve closure members. SIEPMANN, W. Sept. 22, 1950, No. 23243/50. Class 135. A closure member for stop valves comprises a cap 2 slidable on the valve actuating rod 11 and having an open end facing the valve seat, and a disc or plate 3 welded to the cap along a seam 4 so that the cap and plate together embrace a collar 1, Fig. 1, on the rod 11 or packing pieces 12, Fig. 4, engaging a groove in the rod 11. Where, as in Fig. 1, the weld 4 is along the outer circumference of the parts, the plate 3 is formed of a corrosion and wear resisting metal alloy or steel. Where the weld 4 is arranged as shown in Fig. 4, the weld itself forms the closure surface and is of corrosion and wear resisting material such as 15-17 per cent chromium steel or 18/8 per cent chromium nickel steel.
Patent GB-695475-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of organic acids
Inventor: ACKROYD NORVIK
IPC: C07C51/27
Filed: 1950-09-22
Abstract: Carboxylic acids having formul  <FORM:0695475/IV (b)/1> and <FORM:0695475/IV (b)/2> are produced by subjecting a primary alcohol having from 7 to 13 carbon atoms and having the formula <FORM:0695475/IV (b)/3> in which R1 and R2 are alkyl groups, to oxidation in the liquid phase with nitric acid in the presence of at least 0.1 per cent by weight of an oxide or oxides of nitrogen, based on the weight of nitric acid, which may be added to one or other of the reactants or to the reaction mixture, or which may be produced in the reaction mixture from the nitric acid by means of a substance capable of liberating oxides of nitrogen.  The amount of oxides of nitrogen employed is preferably between 5 and 10 per cent by weight of the nitric acid.  The most suitable oxide is nitrogen tetroxide. Oxides of nitrogen may be produced in situ by adding a substance, e.g. copper, which is capable of liberating oxides of nitrogen from the nitric acid under the reaction conditions. Preferably the reaction is carried out at a temperature not in excess of 50 DEG  C. Suitable alcohols as starting materials are branched chain heptanols, octanols and nonanols produced by the carbonylation of the condensation products or copolymers of propylene and isobutylene; branched-chain decanols produced by the carbonylation of propylene trimer; and branched-chain tridecanols produced by the carbonylation of propylene tetramer or butylene trimer.  An important starting material is 3,5,5-trimethyl hexanol-1.  It is advantageous to stir the reaction mixture and to maintain a relatively high concentration, e.g. 70 per cent, of nitric acid throughout the reaction.  In the examples, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol-1 is reacted with nitric acid in the presence of oxides of nitrogen to give a mixture of 2,4,4-trimethyl-pentanoic acid and 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid; when less than 0.1 per cent of oxides of nitrogen are used 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl nitrate is formed.
Patent GB-614851-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in method of making combs from sheet stock
IPC: B21D53/46
Filed: 1946-08-06
Abstract: 614,851. Combs. JARRETT, RAINSFORD, & LAUGHTON, Ltd. (Delamere Co., Inc.). Aug. 6, 1946, No. 23310. [Class 131] [Also in Group XXII] Combs with closely spaced teeth 17 are made by feeding a sheet 10 of metal or other suitable material to a reciprocating punch, co-operating with a die, to remove material from between the teeth and to tools which corrugate the backing to bring the teeth closer together.
Patent GB-151468-A (GB)
Title: Foot bath powder
IPC: A61Q19/00
Filed: 1919-09-23
Abstract: Soda ash and permanganate of potash are crystallized together from solution to form a powder for the preparation of foot baths having cleansing properties.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 8712/96.
Patent GB-1107767-A (GB)
Title: Building boards
Inventor: KREMER HENRY AUSTIN FRANCIS LE
IPC: B05D7/24
Filed: 1965-06-01
Abstract: A building board comprises a substrate, a primer coating on at least one major face thereof, a pattern or design overlying the primer, and an outer transparent or translucent protective coating.  Both the primer and the outer coating are suitably a cured unsaturated polyester resin or a cured epoxy resin.  The substrate is suitably asbestos cement, concrete, stone, plywood, chipboard, or synthetic resin, e.g. rigid polyvinyl chloride.  The pattern or design is preferable formed by means of a silk screen using a pigmented polyester ink, but may be applied by a brush or a roller.  The lacquer may be applied by spraying.  The lacquer is cured at elevated temperature.  The coated substrate may be polished.
Patent GB-387404-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to water heaters
IPC: F23N1/08
Filed: 1931-08-19
Abstract: 387,404. Thermallyactuated valves. ATHILL, L. C. H., Cranbourne, Sneath Avenue, and ADAMS, R. K., 125, Fellows Road, both in London. Aug. 19, 1931, No. 23391. [Class 135.] A thermally-actuated device for controlling the supply of gas to a water heater of the instantaneous or coil type has the gas valve F<2> controlling the supply to the main burner B operated by a thermal capsule F<1> or bimetallic strip subject to the temperature of the water in a small auxiliary chamber D in the water supply pipe D<2>. The water in this chamber is heated by an auxiliary burner E controlled by a thermostat G. This thermostat comprises a capsule G<1> adapted on expansion to move a valve member G<2> towards a seat G3 against the action of a spring G<4>. An adjustable byepass G<5> is provided to allow, when no water is passing, the passage of sufficient gas to feed the pilot burner C and the burner E with the gas necessary to maintain the temperature of the water in the auxiliary chamber. From the thermally-operated valves the gas passes to a stop-cock I with two passages, one I<1> controlling the supply to the main burner and the other I<2> the supplies to the pilot and auxiliary burners. In an intermediate position determined by a removable stop gas is permitted to pass to the burners C, E, and in a final position reached after removing the stop all burners are supplied. The stop may be removed manually or automatically by the action of one of the thermal valves, and the continued opening of the stop-cock may be effected by a spring on the removal of the stop. In a modification the valves controlling the supplies to the main and auxiliary burners are actuated by a single thermal element.
Patent GB-1089902-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electrical pulse generating arrangements
Inventor: SCOLES GRAHAM JOHN
IPC: H03K3/55
Filed: 1963-06-12
Abstract: 1,089,902. Pulse generating circuits. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Aug. 31, 1964 [June 12, 1963; Aug. 1, 1963], Nos. 23429/63 and 30597/63. Headings H3P and H3T. In a pulse generator of the kind in which a pulse forming network PFN is charged via the primary winding LP of a transformer and then discharged via a load R1 so as to generate a pulse, the pulse amplitude is stabilized by connecting a capacitor C across the transformer at an instant during charging when the PFN is charged to a predetermined voltage. The discharge circuit of the capacitor includes the secondary winding LS and a rectifier D2 arranged so that the voltage induced in the secondary winding determines the datum to which the capacior is discharged through rectifier D2. As described, the PFN is charged from a supply D via winding LP and diode D1 and subsequently discharged through a load R1 (such as a linear accelerator) when the thyratron V2 or a semi-conductor controlled rectifier is triggered. During each charging cycle when the PFN is charged to a predetermined voltage, the voltage at the junction of R2, R3 becomes sufficient to operate a trigger circuit G which operates a thyratron V1 or semi-conductor controlled rectifier so that capacitor C is connected across winding LP so as to divert energy from the charging circuit and prevent further charging of the PFN. Capacitor C is discharged via rectifier D2 during the next cycle, the charge remaining C being determined by the voltage induced in the secondary winding LS. The surplus energy is returned to the supply D. The potential divider R2, R3, R4 may alternatively be connected to the cathode of rectifier D1. In Fig. 5, a pair of capacitors C4, CS are used to couple the primary and secondary windings LP, LS so that the transformer behaves as an auto-transformer with low leakage inductance. Thyratron V1 may be replaced by a vacuum tube.