baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FI-20000534-A (FI)
Inventor: TAKALA HEIKKI
IPC: B01F23/30
Filed: 2000-03-09
Abstract: Leaching of solid matter from a sludge uses a tubular reactor which is equipped with a concentric central pipe and a double-action mixer. The mixer is located in the vicinity of the central pipe's lower edge. Leaching solid matter from a sludge with the aid of an oxygen-containing gas uses a tubular reactor. The reactor is equipped with a concentric central pipe (2), and a double-action mixer (5) in the vicinity of central pipe's lower edge (7). With the aid of the mixer, the sludge flows downward in the central pipe, and then turns upward outside the central pipe as the gas is fed at the same time into the sludge and dispersed into small bubbles. The mixer preferably has nearly rectangular straight lower blades which facilitate the dispersion of the gas and the turning of the discharge sludge into the upward flow. It has curved upper blades which facilitate the downward flow of the sludge in the central pipe. It is preferred that the cross-section area remaining between the mixer and the central pipe is adjusted to be less than half (preferably at most one third) of the flow cross-section area in the central pipe and the lower edge of the central pipe is at a height (measured form the reactor bottom) of 0.7-1.3 times that of the reactor diameter, preferably the same as the diameter. The cross-section ratio of the central pipe and its surrounding reactor casing is preferably below 0.1.
Patent FI-20010510-A (FI)
Inventor: TOELKKOE ESKO
IPC: H01R4/38
Filed: 2001-03-14
Abstract: The invention relates to an anchor clamp for the termination of an overhead cable, which comprises a body (1), a clamp handle (3) fixed to the body and wedge parts (2) moving in relation to the body, between which the overhead cable (5) is pressed when pulling directed at the cable moves the wedge parts (2) in relation to the body (1). On the clamp is arranged a stay tightened (4, 4') located at the wider end of the wedge parts (2), or in front of the wider end, and thus forms a stopper means, which moves the wedge parts (2) in the direction of pulling due to the pulling of the cable. The stay tightened (4, 4') can be made, by means of a clamping screw (4a, 4b) or similar clamping means, to grip around the cable (5), pressing directly on the conductor metal, with a coated cable, through the cable insulation.
Patent FI-20065433-A (FI)
Inventor: KIVISAARI TIMO
IPC: H01M/
Filed: 2006-06-22
Abstract: The present invention relates to a preheating arrangement in a fuel cell apparatus, the fuel cell apparatus comprising at least a fuel cell unit having an anode side and a cathode side with an electrolyte therebetween, the fuel cell apparatus having at least a fuel inlet to the anode side and an oxygen-containing air inlet to the cathode side as well as a sulphur removal unit and a fuel modifying unit and an afterburner for combustion the exhaust gases from the anode and/or cathode side. According to the invention, the afterburner is provided with a separate fuel inlet channel for introducing fuel to the afterburner during the start-up phase of the fuel cell apparatus and that at least a part of the exhaust gases formed in the combustion of the separately fed fuel is arranged to be directed from the afterburner for heating at least the sulphur removal unit and/or the fuel modifying unit during the start-up phase. The outlet channels are provided with heat exchangers and adjustment means for adjusting the exhaust gas flow rate.
Patent GB-1052604-A (GB)
IPC: C03C17/25
Abstract: 1,052,604. Coating glass. CARL-ZEISSSTIFTUNG, [trading as JENAER GLASWERK SCHOTT & GEN]. Aug. 27, 1965 [Sept. 5, 1964], No. 37020/65. Heading C1M. [Also in Division B2] Glass articles are coated with an adherent, light-transmitting, ultraviolet-absorbing protective coating, wherein the coating comprises mixed oxides of which the components are distributed in molecularly dispersed manner and which contains at least 10 mol per cent of titanium and at least 5 mol per cent of one or more of the elements manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, cadmium, lead or bismuth. An organic titanium compound such as tetrabutyrate or dichlorodiethyl ether is used and in the examples nitrates of Mn, Ni, Cd and Co and BiCl 3  and Pb(CH 3 COO) 2  are used. Acetyl acetone, amines and concentrated acetic acid may be used as stabilizing additives. Non- colouring oxides such as SiO 2  and/or Al 2 O 3  may also be used in the coating. The thickness of the coating is preferably in the region of one visible light wavelength.
Patent GB-1084198-A (GB)
IPC: F02M59/26
Abstract: 1,084,198. Fuel injection pumps. KUBOTA TEKKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA and NIHON DENSO KABUSHIKI KAISHA. Sept.7, 1964 (Dec.28, 1963], No.36509/64. Heading F1A. The plunger of a fuel injection pump is rotatable to vary the quantity of fuel injected and provided with grooves 1 and 2', 2" which determine the start and end respectively of injection. The groove part 2" has its axis inclined relative to the groove part 2' and the slope of the grooves 1, 2', 2" may be such as to provide a straight line characteristic from minimum to maximum injection. The groove 2', 2" may be formed in the plunger with a land (8), Fig.8 (not shown) between the parts (2' and 2"), bores (10 and 12) extending through the plunger to an axial bore (12) communicating with the end of the plunger.
Patent GB-1228057-A (GB)
IPC: C13K1/02
Filed: 1968-10-14
Abstract: 1,228,057. Extraction. R. EICKEMEYER. 14 Oct., 1968 [17 Oct., 1967], No. 48512/68. Heading B1Q. [Also in Divisions C2 and D2] The chemical conversion of cellulose-containing material is effected in a percolator comprising a cylindrical section 1, an upper inlet valve 4, or steam inlet valve 5, a steam exhaust valve 6 and a distributor 4' for liquid and steam, and a lower cone-shaped portion 2 containing a filter divided into vertically superimposed sections 7, 7'. Reagent liquid is introduced below its boiling point through the upper portion of the filter (inlets A) into the percolator, which is at atmospheric pressure or slightly above, in a volume sufficient to cover the cellulose-containing material, whilst at the same time steam at a higher pressure is fed through the lower part of the filter (inlets B) in a quantity to maintain a temperature of at least 100‹C at the upper surface of the liquid in the percolator so as to displace air or other uncondensable gases through exhaust valve 6, whereafter steam is introduced from above (valve 5) at about 1 atmosphere excess pressure, to drain off excess reagent liquid not absorbed by the cellulosecontaining material through openings A and B, and only then is heating to the desired reaction temperature effected by steam introduced through the filter (opening A and/or B). The filters may consist of metal sheets comprising conical holes hung on straps 8, the sections 7 and 7' being separated by sealing ring 9. The distance apart of the holes may decrease from the top to the bottom giving 50-67% more holes in 7' than in 7. In Example 1, beech chips are first treated with 1% H 2 SO 4  to convert hemicelluloses to xylose which is recovered by successive washings with xylose solutions of decreasing sugar concentration derived from preceding percolations and finally with water, the solutions being admitted at the top of the percolator and forced out of the bottom by steam from above; 4% H 2 SO 4  is then used to convert the cellulose to dextrose, recovered in an analogous manner to the xylose leaving a residue of lignin which is discharged through opening 16 after admission of steam from below to disintegrate it, and freed from steam in a cyclone separator. In Example 2, beech chips are treated with nitric acid to hydrolyse hemicellulose to xylose which is recovered in a similar way to Example 1, and the residue is treated with a NaOH/Na 2  S/Na 2 CO 3  solution obtained by the addition of fresh re-agent, or the fused mass obtained from spent lye combustion products, to spent lye to dissolve lignin ("sulphate" process) which is extracted by successive batches of spent lye of decreasing concentration from previous percolations followed by water washing, leaving a residue of wood pulp or cellulose.
Patent GB-1228270-A (GB)
IPC: C22C38/12
Filed: 1969-07-30
Abstract: 1,228,270. Low alloy steel. ALAN WOOD STEEL CO. July 30, 1969 [Aug.1, 1968; Dec.18, 1968], No.38351/69. Heading C7A. A low alloy steel, which can be precipitation hardened at 1000-1200‹ F. comprises: - C 0À1% max. Mn 0À3-1À5% Mo 0À04-0À5% Nb 0À005-0À075% Si 0À35% max. the balance apart from impurities such as Al, Cu, Cr, Ni, P, S, Sn and Ti, being Fe. The steel may be modified by the inclusion of Cr 0À1-0À5% and/or V 0À005-0À1% or Zr 0À005-0À16% or B 0À0005-0À005% when the C content is limited to 0À08% max. and the Mo content is 0À08-0À5%. The steel may be hot rolled, cooled in air or water, optionally cold worked and then aged at 1000-1200‹ F.
Patent GB-1229535-A (GB)
IPC: G01L19/00
Filed: 1969-06-30
Abstract: 1,229,535. 535. Pressure gauge. NETHERLANDS APPLIED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FOR INDUSTRY, TRADE & COMMERCE. June 30, 1969 [July 1, 1968], No.32869/69. Heading G1L. In a pressure gauge comprising an elongated case 1 screw-threaded at 2, for insertion into an expression press or an injection moulding press, a resilient deformable membrane 4 at one end and a displacement meter 8 at the other, three parallel rods 5, having one end mounted in a disc 6 which rests on the membrane 4 and the other end mounted in a support 7, and a second group of rods 9, mounted at one end in a disc 10 provided with a pin 11 which rests on the membrane 4, and the other end mounted in bores in a disc 12 the arrangement is such that the support 7 is not effected by deflection due to the pressure on rods 9 by the membrane 4, and the centre of a sheet 14, provided with electrical resistance strain gauges which measure the pressure change due to deflection of the membrane 4 moving rods 9, is unaffected by temperature change due to thermal resistance between the case 1 and the rods 9 and the heat capacity of the rods 9.
Patent GB-1231399-A (GB)
IPC: B01J8/26
Filed: 1967-11-10
Abstract: 1,231,399. Cracking hydrocarbons. TOYO SODA MFG. CO. Ltd., D. KUNII, and T. KUNUGI. 10 Nov., 1967 [10 Nov., 1966 (2); 3 March, 1967], No. 51251/67. Heading C5E. Hydrocarbons are thermally cracked, particularly to ethylene, in the apparatus shown, in which reaction column A comprises an upper reaction zone 1 of larger diameter than lower conveyance zone 3, the top of zone 1 being connected by pipe 11 to the foot of regenerator B, which comprises an upper combustion zone 17 of larger diameter than a lower conveyer zone 16, the top of zone 17 being connected to the foot of column A by pipe 21. A and B contain heat carrier granules, e.g. coke, sand or refractory particles, which are kept in a fluidized state by injection of steam into lower zones 3 and 16, e.g. at 8, 9, 14 and 15, and which circulate continuously between A and B as shown. Hydrocarbon feed is introduced at 10<SP>1</SP> and 10<SP>11</SP>, and optionally through the steam pipes also, and is cracked in zone 1 by contact with hot particles, e.g. at 700-900‹ C., the product gases then being passed via a restricted opening into a reactor 2 into which further hydrocarbon feed is passed via pipe 4, this being cracked by the heat of the hot product gases plus entrained hot particles, thus preventing the product gases from themselves entering into secondary thermal cracking. The product gases then pass through cyclone 5, from which separated solids are returned to pipe 11, and the gases to cooling and washing apparatus 6 and on to recovery. The used particles at the top of zone 1 overflow to the foot of the regenerator B, and in zone 17 are reheated, e.g. to 900-1050‹ C., by combustion of carbon deposits thereon and optionally of added fuel, air being supplied at 18 and 19. The reheated solids overflow to the foot of column A. Hot gases from zone 17 pass via restricted opening 28 into chamber 27 together with air fed via pipe 29, and further combustion of entrained coke and any combustible gases present takes place. Solids are separated in cyclone 30 and returned to zone 17, and the exhaust gases pass through waste heat boiler 31 and air preheater 32 to exhaust. Start-up of the process may be achieved using combustion chamber 35, with fuel fed from inlet 36 and air fed from inlet 37.
Patent GB-1239238-A (GB)
IPC: D06M13/127
Filed: 1968-11-05
Abstract: 1,239,238. Proofing against oil. DOW CHEMICAL CO. 5 Nov., 1968 [15 Dec., 1967], No. 52340/68. Heading D1P. A fabric is treated with 0.05-2% of a fluorocarbon, the fluorocarbon having been obtained from a commercial aqueous dispersion by precipitation with acetone. The fluorocarbon is applied as a solution in the form of a spray. The fabric is of wool, tricot, or rayon-acetate. The fluorocarbon is 1, 1, 2- trichloro-1, 2, 2-trifluoro-ethane. The solvent is 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane.
Patent GB-1252363-A (GB)
IPC: B01D53/14
Filed: 1969-01-23
Abstract: 1,252,363. Scrubbing gas; separating gas mixtures. METALLGESELLSCHAFT AG. 23 Jan., 1969 [3 Feb., 1968], No. 4022/69. Headings B1L and B1R. [Also in Division C1] In a venturi gas scrubber the gas to be scrubbed is passed downwardly through a venturi-tube 1 sprayed with liquid from a line 3 and then passed upwardly through wetted packing elements supported on a perforated plate 10, liquid being supplied to the packing elements from a sump 24 below the plate 10 by a pump 26 and line 29. Liquid is supplied to line 3 from a sump 6 at the base of the venturi-tube and the gas leaving the second scrubbing stage passes through a filter 12 to an outlet 13. In one form of apparatus liquid from sump 6 overflows into sump 24 and line 3 is supplied with liquid therefrom and in another liquid overflowing from plate 10 is collected in an annular trough and not in the sump 24. In another form of apparatus the venturi-tube passes through the plate 10. The apparatus is of especial application for absorbing SO 3  and/or drying SO 2 -containing gas with sulphuric acid.
Patent GB-1252676-A (GB)
IPC: A61L9/12
Filed: 1969-02-19
Abstract: 1,252,676. Germicidal gas generator. J. BUNYAN. 11 May, 1970 [19 Feb., 1969], No. 8978/69. Heading ASG. Apparatus for charging an air stream with a germicidal gas, e.g. hypochlorous acid comprises a duct 2 with air inlets 18, the air being impelled in the arrowed direction by an electrically driven fan 4. The air passes through the perforated wall of the rotatable drum 6 which contains a series of baffles 17 and a particulate solid 20, e.g. sodium hypochlorite from which the germicidal gas is generated by contact with the air. The drum may be rotated constantly or intermittently by means of an electric motor 13 driving the axle 8.
Patent GB-1257204-A (GB)
IPC: B65D63/10
Filed: 1969-06-18
Abstract: 1,257,204. Releasable fastenings. PANDUIT CORP. 18 June, 1969 [6 Aug., 1968], No. 30963/69. Heading E2B. An integral one-piece bundling tie adapted to be tensioned about a bundle of wires, comprises an elongated flexible strap 11 provided at one side with a row of transverse engagement members 15, a frame 20 integral with one end portion of said strap having an entry surface 27 and an exit surface 28 and a strap-receiving opening extending therethrough, a pawl 30 hingedly mounted on and integral with said frame and extending into said strap-receiving opening, said frame having a strap-engaging surface defining with said pawl a strap-receiving channel, and at least one transverse tooth 35 on said pawl being shaped complementary to said row of strap engagement members, said strap being deformable into a loop for encircling the bundle of wires with the other end portion of said strap extending into said opening of said frame and therebeyond, said pawl tooth in the final tensioned condition of said strap being disposed opposite the strap-engaging surface of the frame only and wedging the engaged portion of said strap against said trapengaging surface only to clamp said strap in such tensioned condition so that any force tending to withdraw said strap from within said strap-receiving channel in a strap-loosening direction serves to move said pawl tooth into more firm engagement with the engaged ones of said row of engagement members firmly to wedge said strap between said strap-engaging surface and said pawl.
Patent GB-1258167-A (GB)
IPC: H01R31/02
Filed: 1969-09-02
Abstract: 1,258,167. Two-part couplings. AMP Inc. 2 Sept., 1969 [24 Sept., 1968], No. 43393/69. Heading H2E. Electrical contact sockets 2, Fig. 6, are formed in continuous strips from strip material (44, Fig. 2, not shown) which has a layer of thin metal (46) of good spring qualities with a narrower layer (48) of high conductivity metal bonded to it. The strip of contacts is formed (Fig. 1, not shown) with the narrower layer (48) extending over ears (42) and connecting parts (6, 8, 10), 11 and the carrier strips (6, 8) are folded at 12, 14 to form rows of contacts (Fig. 3, not shown) which may be used for interconnecting wires extending axially towards each other, or the strip may be bent at 16, Fig. 5, to connect parallel wires to a common joint. Groups of sockets 25, 27 may be placed in recesses 26, 28 in an insulating housing 20, the sockets passing into cavities 22, and a cover plate 30 being cemented over the base to hold them in place, the sockets being further held in place by shoulders 64, Fig. 12. A relatively soft sealing block 24 is mounted against the opposite end of the housing 20 and this contains passageways (29, Fig. 8, not shown) which communicate with the cavities 22 for insertion of the contact pins. A contact pin 32, Fig. 12, crimped to wire 34 at 54 and having a circumferential collar 58 and conical end 56, is inserted in socket 2 until shoulder 60 of collar 58 abuts shoulders 63 and 65 formed by the edges of the conductive layer 48 on the surfaces of ears 42 and connecting strip 11. Lances 40 formed in the socket lodge behind collar 58 and against the shoulder 62, to prevent removal of the pin without the use of an extraction tool. Being formed from a double layer of metal, and being connected arcuately with the body 36 of the socket, the ears 42 are rigid and when the pin is inserted stresses are transmitted from the ears 42 to the body 36, which deforms, particularly in the area between the seam 38 and lances 40. The deformed socket acts as a contact spring, maintaining the inner surfaces of ears 42 against the surface of the pin, and the ears bias the end of the pin against the connecting strip 11, the main electrical connection being through strip 11. The contacts may, alternatively, be formed from homogeneous stock metal.
Patent GB-1264831-A (GB)
IPC: G01N29/04
Filed: 1969-04-03
Abstract: 1,264,831. Ultrasonic thickness gauging; ultrasonic probes; acoustic lenses. UNITED STATES STEEL CORP. 3 April, 1969 [5 April, 1968], No. 17642/69. Headings H4D, H4J and H4X. In a pulse-echo ultrasonic system for gauging at several positions the thickness of a plate P, which may be bent (Fig. 2), measurement along the normal to the plate surfaces is ensured, without need for constant re-alignment of probe 12, by transmitting the pulses in a spherically divergent beam. Only pulses reflected normal to the plate surfaces will be returned to the probe: pulses incident non-normally on the plate will be refracted away from the probe. The plate P is supported in a tank of coupling fluid and probe 12 is mounted on a scanning carriage over the tank. The divergent beam is obtained from a radially-polarized, convex, piezo-electric, ceramic transducer 20, from a plane transducer with a plastics lens 22 (Fig. 3), or from a plane transducer with a liquid lens (Fig. 4) comprising e.g. glycerine under pressure in a reservoir 24 having a thin, flexible end membrane 26.
Patent GB-1265260-A (GB)
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1970-09-18
Abstract: 1,265,260. Semi-conductor devices. SIEMENS A.G. 18 Sept., 1970 [19 Sept., 1969], No. 44553/70. Heading H1K. The metal layer 2 providing the barrier contact 6 of a Schottky diode is covered by a layer 3 of a second metal having a higher electron escape energy than the metal of layer 2, the layer 3 extending peripherally beyond the layer 2 to provide protection against instabilities in the forward characteristic. In the embodiment the semi-conductor body 1 is of N-type Si, the metal layer 2 is of Cr or W and the metal layer 3 is of Au, the layers 2, 3 being formed by evaporation.
Patent GB-1266378-A (GB)
IPC: H05K3/00
Filed: 1969-10-01
Abstract: 1,266,378. Photosensitive polymers and polymeric compositions. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 1 Oct., 1969 [1 Oct., 1968], No. 48327/69. Addition to 1,149,697. Heading C3R. [Also in Division G2] A photosensitive material comprises (1) a mixture of (a) an acetylenic polymer of formula where m is 0 or 1, n is at least 10 and R is an arylene, alkyl substituted arylene, haloarylene, alkyl substituted haloarylene, or, when m is 0, R may be alkylene or, when m is 1, R may be -R<SP>1</SP>-X-R<SP>1</SP>- where R<SP>1</SP> is phenylene, halophenylene or alkyl substituted phenylene and X is where R<SP>11</SP> is hydrogen or alkyl, or (b) an acetylenic polymer of formula where n is as above and R<SP>a</SP> is a radical of formula  where R<SP>b</SP> is arylene, R<SP>c</SP> is a trivalent aromatic radical and R<SP>d</SP> is alkyl or aryl, or (c) a copolymer having at least 10 repeating units of both (a) and (b), and a photopolymerization sensitizing agent which absorbs actinic radiation and accelerates the cross-linking of the polymer and which is other than a ketone having an aryl substituent directly attached to the carbonyl group, or the material comprises (2) a polymer having at least 10 units, some of the units having the formula and other units the formula where R<SP>f</SP> is as defined above for R when m is 1 and R<SP>g</SP> is alkylene or p-arylene. Suitable photosensitizers mentioned are p-diethynyl benzene, hemoporphyrin, tetraiodofluorescein, Rose Bengal dye, dibenzylidenecyclohexanone, dimethyldiphenyldiphenoquinone, p-diiodobenzene, p-benzoquinone, chalcone, terephthalaldehyde, maleic anhydride, m-dibenzoylbenzene, diphenyl-distyryl-diphenoquinone, dimethyldistyryl-diphenoquinone, chloranil, anthracene, methylene blue, azobenzene, m-dinitrobenzene, m-benzenedisulphonylazide, diacetyl, eosin B, ethyl butyl ketene, acridine yellow, crystal violet and nitrobenzene. The materials may be dissolved in suitable solvents and the solutions used to form films on substrates, the films being exposed to ultraviolet light while certain portions of the film are masked, the unexposed portions subsequently being dissolved leaving the exposed areas which may be used as a resist e.g. in etching or plating operations on the substrate, or the polymer remaining may be thermally decomposed to carbon to provide electrically conductive circuits. Examples are given.