Patent GB-741619-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B75/24
Filed: 1953-04-23
Abstract: 741,619. Opposed-piston engines; fuel injectors. MORTON, sen., B., MORTON, jun.,. B., and MORTON, G. E. April 23, 1953 [May 2, 1952], No. 11206/53. Classes 7(2) and 7(3) [Also in Group XXXIV] Two rocking levers 9, Fig. 1, slidably associated through gudgeon pins 5 with opposed pistons 4 in a cylinder 1 removably mounted in an engine frame 16; fulcrum about shafts 22 parallel to a crankshaft 19 having substantially opposed cranks to which the levers are respectively .operatively connected by rods 20. As shown, applied to a twostroke compression - ignition engine, lever end bushes 10 slide in bores 7 in the gudgeon pins 5, themselves received in bushes 6 lying in the pistons 4 diametrically or displaced towards the shafts 22. Operation. The engine may be supplied with air by a rotary blower, but as shown, scavenging and/or charging air is drawn by the enlarged outer ends 3 of the pistons 4 into the enlarged cylinder ends 1b via a spring-loaded disc valve 70 and intercommunicating conduits 64, 65 and is forced thence into the cylinder 1 via the conduits 64, 65, a port or ports 47, an inlet belt 44 and cylinder inlet ports 43. Cylinder exhaust ports 40, which .may be uncovered earlier than the ports 43 as by appropriate crank angle timing or crankshaft axis positioning, discharge to an exhaust belt 41 leading to an exhaust pipe 42. Cylinders. The exhaust belt 41 is in two parts held together by toggle clamps 41a, Fig. 6, engaging lugs 41b, 42a,on the ports. A fuel injector 48, Figs. 1 and 2, is actuated through a rocker 80 and push rods 81 from a crankshaft-mounted cam 83. A flange or spigot 58, which may be fixed to either the cylinder 1 or frame 16 and engage a groove or recess in the frame or cylinder respec-. tively, alone locates the cylinder 1 axially in the frame 16, in suitably-recessed ribs 50,.. 53 of which it seats laterally. The cylinder 1 is releasably held, by means not shown, in a cover 59 having suitably-recessed ribs corresponding respectively toribs 50... 53, rubber, &c., sealing rings being provided running in co-acting cylinder and rib grooves. Engine construction. The cover 59 may be bolted to the frame 16, but as shown is, secured to the frame internally on each side of the engine by two. catches 71, Fig. 4, engaging pins 73 on the frame and suspended from the cover by a toggle linkage 72, 72b, 72d manually operated at 72 through apertures covered by plates 75. The. pistons 1 are retained with the cylinder 1 in the cover 59 on removal thereof, such re-. moval freeing discs 76, normally locating in. grooved semi-circular recesses of the frame 16 and cover 59, to allow piston withdrawal. The frame 16 and cover 59 may be of cast or welded construction, or partly cast and partly welded. The direction of engine rotation may be reversed by turning the cover 59 end for end and suitably adjusting the fuel injection cam 83. A flywheel 28, Fig. 2, is enclosed in a housing having an end cover 30a, retained by a quick-release clamp-ring 34. Cooling. The engine may be water-cooled but, as shown, flywheel vanes 29 discharg. ing through apertures 31 draw cooling air both through a finned chamber 38 open to the atmosphere and through a crankcase recess 36 having internal and external fins for heat transference between the sump oil and the air stream. Lubricating. A pump (not shown) forces oil from the crankcase 16a through crankshaft, connecting-rod and lever ducts 84, 20a and 11 to the inner ends 13 of the bores 7 whence it passes, assisted by the pumping action of the lever ends in the bores, to spiral oiling grooves on the surfaces of the bushes 10 and 6, the grooves on the bushes 6 also connecting with bores 12 delivering coolant oil against the rear faces of the pistons 2 whence it drains to the crankcase .16a through slots 17, 18 in the pistons 2 and cyinder 1.