Patent GB-190306454-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Loom for Weaving Tapes, Ribbons and Smallwares Generally.
Inventor: MAXSTED CHARLES HIGGIN
Filed: 1903-03-20
Granted: 1904-03-10
Abstract: 6454. Maxsted, C. H., and Robinson, H. P. March 20. Vertical looms for weaving ribbons, tapes, and similar smallware in parallel planes. General arrangement. - The warp threads 23, Fig. 1, pass from cheeses 22, round guide-rollers, through a reed 26, and under a bar 28, and are spaced by a reed 29, so that they pass in parallel vertical planes to the healds 30. The shuttles a are passed vertically through the sheds. Driving-mechanism.-The cam shaft o is the driving-shaft, and from it the various motions are obtained, so that there are two picks of the shuttles, and two beats for each revolution of the driving-shaft. Healds; shedding-motions.-The healds consist of flat tapes or round wires or cords 58, Fig. 2, mounted in horizontally-sliding frames 56. Each wire has a number of eyes corresponding to the maximum number of tapes to be woven in the loom. The heald frames are moved horizontally to shed the warp threads by two pairs of cords 65, 66 passing over pulleys 63, 64 and connected to treadles 67, 68, Fig. 1, which are acted upon by cams on the shaft o. When more than two healds are used, they may be actuated by cam mechanism or by a dobby. Smallware shuttles; shuttle - boxes ; checking shuttles.-The shuttles a are as large as the fly shuttles of broad looms. The weft passes from the cop round cross-pins, and between a pin and a blade spring which is pressed against the pin by an adjusting-screw to give tension to the weft. The weft then passes through a pot-eye, and through two eyes carried by delicate spiral springs, to a hole in a wire bow n, so that it may be laid close to the fell. Flanges formed on the opposite side of the shuttle slide in grooves formed in the upper and lower shuttle boxes v, w by vertical pieces yieldingly secured at intervals to back boards. The upper boxes have swells to help to retain the shuttles in the boxes, and the lower boxes have at their lower ends adjustable shoulders of leather on which the shuttles come to rest. Pickers; picking - motions.-The upper and lower pickers, which consist of rods s, 11, are carried by sliding cross-bars 12, which are connected by links 16, 17 to two levers 14, pivoted at 15, and vibrated by two eccentrics 19 on the shaft o. Each eccentric acts upon the lower part of a frame 20 fixed to the levers 14. The levers 14 are thus depressed twice for each revolution of the shaft o, and are raised by weights. As the levers 14 vibrate, the pickers s, 11 are moved vertically, and a dwell is given to the shuttles in both boxes by continuing to raise the upper pickers after the shuttles have come to rest in the boxes v, and by lowering the pickers 11 below the leather shoulders on which the shuttles rest in the lower boxes. When it is desired to piece a broken weft thread or renew an exhausted cop, the upper picker s is deflected by means of a yoke t which is capable of sliding within a cross-bar u. Reeds; lays beat-up motions.-In the Provisional Specification, it is stated that the warp threads for each tape pass through a reed mounted at the back of the harness. These reeds may be moved nearer to or further from the harness to increase or diminish the width of the warp. The beating-up reed consists of a comb 42, Fig. 22, cut in a plate 48 which is secured to an anglepiece 41 on a plate 31. The plate 31 is mounted vertically on a fulcrum-pin 32 carried by a bar 33, which is traversed to and from the front of the loom by rods 35, Fig. 1, mounted to slide horizontally. The rods 35 are connected to rocking levers 36 pivoted at 37 and carrying bowls 39, which are acted upon by elliptical cams 34 on the shaft o. As the plate 31 is reciprocated by the bar 33, it comes in contact with a fixed stop 43, Fig. 22, formed with a cam-surface 44, and the comb end of the plate is vibrated through a short arc, so that the comb 42 engages with the warp threads 23, and beats up the inserted weft thread. The comb 42 is returned to its initial starting point by the tension of the woven tape 52, assisted by a spring 47. The plate 31 may have a projecting angle-piece against which the woven tape bears, so that the plate 31 is thrust away from the warps when the bar 33 is moved inwards towards the shuttle boxes. The stops 43 may be dispensed with, by forming a finger or lever 114 at the back of the plate 31 and connecting this lever 114 with a link 115 pivoted on the breast plate 53. Warp tension, regulating.-At the beat-up, the comb 42 deflects the tape partly round a vertical pillar 45 carried by an adjustable plate 46 on the bar 33, so that the requisite tension is put on the warp threads. The tension of the warp threads is also regulated by a weighted roller 25, Fig. 1. Take-up motions.-The woven tapes are conducted over a rod 94, Fig. 1, and partly round rollers 95, 96, 96* into a box or other receptacle. The rollers are rotated by spur, bevel, and wormwheel gearing from the shaft o. Stop-motions; weft forks.-Warp and weft stopmotions are provided. Each warp thread is threaded through and supports a plate or dropper, which falls when the thread is broken. When a dropper falls, a reciprocating bar strikes it, and frees a brake lever 78. The ]ever 78 is pivoted at 78*, Fig. 1, and carries a brake 79, which, when the lever 78 falls, acts upon a brake pulley 80. At the same time a detent on the lever 78 raises a catch 90, Fig. 2, holding the pivoted belt-shifting lever 92, which is acted upon by a spring 91 to shift the driving-belt from the fast pulley 81 to the loose pulley 82. The lever 92 may be moved back to start the loom by means of a rod 93 passing to the front of the loom. If the operative fails to attend to a shuttle on the breakage or failure of the weft, the warp threads alone roach a wire finger 111, Fig. 22, pivoted loosely at 112 on the breast beam and connected by a cord 113 to a dropper which is normally held out of the path of the reciprocating bar by the resistance of the woven tape 52. When no weft reaches the finger 111, it passes between the warp threads, and the dropper falls, and so stops the loom in the manner described. Yarns, waxing.-The warp threads pass over a bar of wax 27, Fig. 1, above the reed 26. The waxing is not essential.