Patent GB-803261-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in treating hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen and in producing alumina for use as a carrier
IPC: B01J39/19
Filed: 1955-03-11
Abstract: An alumina catalyst carrier is prepared by mixing a flowing aluminium salt or an aluminate solution with a flowing precipitant, which may be gaseous, while simultaneously affecting the most intimate mixing possible, preferably at raised temperature, and ensuring that the aluminium hydroxide formed does not come into contact with the initial solution so that no further hydroxide can be precipitated on the aluminium hydroxide, heating the precipitated products for some time at about 100 DEG  C., washing, drying and calcining.  Additional washing, drying and heating features are described in preferred embodiments of the main process.  The product may be formed into pills or beads.  The carrier is impregnated with a metal or metal compound and is used for pressure hydrogenation of hydrocarbons or dehydrogenation, reforming, isomerization, refining or cracking in the presence of hydrogen, and in the purification of gasoline and other petroleum hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen especially to remove sulphur, oxygen and/or nitrogen compounds.  Catalyst impregnates specified may be in the form of oxides, sulphides, selenides, tellurides, borates, nitrates, carbonates, halides and phosphorus or silicate compounds of the metals of Groups V to VIII of the Periodic Table and the heavy metals of the first group. Specifically mentioned is copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, zirconium, titanium, tin, lead, antimony and bismuth, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, uranium, rhenium, iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese, platinum, palladium and ruthenium.  The catalyst may be activated with halides, formic acid, oxalic acid, ammonia, hydrogen, sulphides, halogens, rare gases, inorganic or low molecular weight organic mono-or dibasic acids and aluminium chloride. Reactivation with oxygen is mentioned.ALSO:An alumina catalyst carrier is prepared by mixing a flowing aluminium salt or an aluminate solution with a flowing precipitant, which may be gaseous, while simultaneously affecting the most intimate mixing possible, preferably at raised temperature and ensuring that the aluminium hydroxide formed does not come into contact with the initial solution so that no further hydroxide can be precipitated on the aluminium hydroxide, heating the precipitated products for some time at about 100 DEG  C., washing, drying and calcining.  Additional washing, drying and heating features are described in preferred embodiments of the main process.  The product may be formed into pills or beads. The carrier is impregnated with a metal or metal compound and is used for pressure hydrogenation of hydrocarbons or dehydrogenation, reforming, isomerization, refining or cracking in the presence of hydrogen, and in the purification of gasolene and petroleum products. Catalyst impregnates specified may be in the form of oxides, sulphides, selenides, tellurides, borates, nitrates, carbonates, halides, and phosphorus or silicate compounds of the metal of Groups V to VIII of the Periodic Table and the heavy metals of the first group.  Specifically mentioned is copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, zirconium, titanium, tin, lead, antimony and bismuth, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, uranium, rhenium, iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese, platinum, palladium and ruthenium.  The catalyst may be used for the de-hydrogenation of naphthenes; cyclization of paraffinic hydrocarbons; the isomerization or alkylation of the hydrocarbons; the splitting off of side chains of cyclic hydrocarbons such as alkyl groups or groups containing oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen; the reduction of carbon monoxide; hydrogenation of olefines and nitrogroups and the polymerization of olefines. Exemplified specifically is production of benzene from cyclohexane and methyl cyclopentane from cyclohexane.