Patent GB-845573-A (GB)
Title: Stable aqueous polyamide dispersions and a process of producing same
IPC: D06M15/59
Filed: 1957-03-21
Abstract: Stable aqueous dispersions of polyamides which contain residues of alpha-omega-octane or nonane dicarboxylic acids having as substituent side chains aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals with 8 to 9 carbon atoms are made by dispersing a solution of the polyamide in an organic solvent in an aqueous solution of a dispersing agent, the organic solvent used being substantially distilled off. Specified polyamides are those derived from diamines and said acids either alone or with other polyamide-forming reactants, e.g. succinic, glutanic, adipic and suberic acids, caprolactam, capryllic lactam and oenentholactam. Specified organic solvents are methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, amyl alcohol, isoamylalcohol, phenols, cresols and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Specified dispersing agents are copolymers of unsaturated lactams, e.g. vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl caprolactam with other vinyl or acrylic compounds, polyacrylic and polymethacrylic acid salts, and polymers from unsaturated carboxylic acid amides, e.g. methalmamide and acrylamide, salts of high molecular weight sulphonic acids or sulphuric acid esters, fatty acid salts, polyethylene oxides or polyglycol ethers or esters.  Lacquer raw materials, e.g. polymers and copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides and vinyl aromatics, and phenol-formaldehyde resins may be added and the dispersions may be mixed with dispersions or emulsions of other film forming materials, e.g. etherified urea resins or polyesters.  In the Examples: (1) to (4) an aqueous solution of a vinyl pyrrolidone-methacrylamide copolymer is added to solutions in (1) methanol of a polyamide made from caprolactam, capryllic lactam, hexamethylene diammonium sebacate and a salt of 1-nonyl-octanedicarboxylic acid-1, 8 with 4, 4-diaminodicyclohexyl methane, (2) butanol of a polyamide made from caprolactam, hexamethylene diammonium adipate and a salt of 1-octylnonane-dicarboxylic acid-1,9 and 4,41-diaminodicyclohexyl methane, (3) cyclohexanol of a polyamide made from mixed salts of 1-octyl nonane dicarboxylic acid-1,9 and 1-acryl octane dicarboxylic acid-1,8 with hexamethylene diamine, caprolactam and hexamethylene diammonium adipate and (4) butanol of a polyamide made from a salt of 1-octyl nonane dicarboxylic acid-1,9 and diaminodicyclohexyl methane, capryllic lactam and hexamethylene diammonium adipate; whilst in Example (5) an aqueous solution of a vinyl pyrrolidone, N-vinyl imidazole, methacrylamide copolymer is mixed with a solution in butanol of a polyamide made from hexamethylene diammonium adipate, caprolactam, capryllic lactam and mixed salts of 1-octyl none dicarboxylic acid-1,9 and 1-nonyl octane dicarboxylic acid-1,8 with 4,41-diamino dicyclohexyl methane, the mixtures being heated to distil off the organic solvents and form dispersions. The products being used for (1), (2) and (3) forming films, (4) coating paper, textiles and padding materials and, after mixing with aqueous phenol-formaldehyde resin dispersions for coating metal, (3) impregnating fibrous material.ALSO:Alpha-omega-octane or nonane dicarboxylic acids having as substituent side chains aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals with 8 to 9 carbon atoms are obtained by reacting olefine monocarboxylic acids, e.g., oleic acids, at elevated temperature with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of metal carbonyls or metal compounds which can form metal carbonyls, e.g., nickel or cobalt iodide, advantageously with the addition of free or combined halogens.  If alcohols are used instead of water, dicarboxylic acid esters from which the acid can be recovered by hydrolysis are obtained.