Patent GB-1465477-A (GB)
Title: Speed responsive governor mechanisms
IPC: G05D13/38
Filed: 1973-07-18
Abstract: 1465477 Speed governors LUCAS INDUSTRIES Ltd 27 June 1974 [18 July 1973] 34133/73 Heading G3B A speed-responsive governor comprises a governor device rotatable within a body and including an output member, a lever pivotally mounted on the body and movable by the output member in response to changes in the speed of the governor device, a cam having a pair of oppositelydirected faces, support means for one of the cam faces, a transmission device including a pair of bearing elements biased into respective engagement with an arm of the lever and with the other cam face, the transmission device being movable so as simultaneously to vary the points of engagement of the bearing elements with the lever arm and the other cam face, and means for moving the cam relative to the support means. In a gas turbine engine fuel system, fuel is supplied by a centrifugal pump 11, Fig. 2, and a positive-displacement pump 12 to a metering valve 14 comprising a sleeve 15a slidable relative to a fixed sleeve 15b in a closing direction by means of flyweights 20 driven by the high-speed shaft of a three-spool engine, and slidable in the opening direction by means of a spring 36, Fig. 1, acting on the sleeve 15a via a roller 35 and a lever 21 pivoted at 22. me spring 36 reacts via a roller 34 against a face 26 of a cam 25, the other face 27 of which is supported by rollers 28, 29. The moment about the pivot 22 exerted by the spring 36 is variable by a power demand lever 38 acting via a cam 37 on a pivoted carrier 31. The position of the cam 25 and hence also the force of spring 36 is adjustable by means of a cam 43 rotatable by a stepping motor 44 controlled by a digital circuit 45 in accordance with the speed NH of the high-speed shaft, the engine inlet temperature T 1 , the Mach number MN and altitude of the aircraft, and the combustion chamber temperature T 7 . Required operating modes, e.g. take-off, maximum climb, and maximum cruise are selected by a switch 46. If circuit 45 fails, lever 40 can be lifted away from cam 43 by means of a manually operated cam 47. The metering valve 14 comprises a further sleeve 17 movable in the opening direction in response to decrease in an intermediate pressure P 3  of the engine compressor acting on the interior of a bellows 52 or increase in a pressure P 4P  acting on the exteriors of the bellows 52 and an evacuated bellows 51, the pressure P 4  P  being desired via a fluid potentiometer 53, 54 from the pressure P 3  and a pressure P 4  derived from the compressor output. Movement of sleeve 17 in the closing direction is limited by a stop 57, the position of which is variable by a manually-operated cam 58 according to whether normal running, fuelrich starting or fuel-lean starting is required. A by-pass valve connected across the pump 12 comprises a sleeve 61 movable in the closing direction by flyweights 71 driven at the speed NH and acting via a spring 72 and a stem 60. A throttle valve downstream of the metering valve 14 and leading via a duct 68 and a further valve (not shown) to the main burners of the engine comprises a sleeve 65 slidable on stem 60 and urged downwardly in the opening direction by the pressure downstream of metering valve 14 and upwardly by a spring 70 reacting against the sleeve 61. The force exerted by the flyweights 71 is opposed by the pressure drop across the metering valve 14 acting on the combination of the sleeves 61, 65 but aided by a force exerted by a spring 75 and variable via a manually-operated cam whereby the spring force can be increased to reduce the spill flow through the sleeve 61 for fuel-rich starting. During starting, the spring 70 overcomes the pressure downstream of the metering valve 14 to close the throttle valve. Substantially the whole of the fuel is then delivered via a duct 73 to the pilot burners. When the engine speed has risen sufficiently to increase the pressure downstream of the metering valve 14 and acting on the sleeve 65 to the extent that the force of spring 70 is overcome and the sleeve 65 engages the sleeve 61, the sleeves 61, 65 thereafter move as a unit to maintain the pressure across the metering valve 14 constant at any given value of the speed N H .