Patent GB-487669-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of surface-active agents
Filed: 1936-10-20
Abstract: Products stated to have dispersing properties are prepared by halogenating saturated aliphatic or cyclo-aliphatic hydrocarbons containing at least eight carbon atoms, condensing the halogenated hydrocarbons with aromatic hydroxy compounds or derivatives thereof in the presence of zinc dust and rendering the product water-soluble. In examples: (1) a hydrocarbon obtained by hydrogenating brown coal is condensed with phenol in the presence of zinc dust and rendered soluble by treatment with ethyleneoxide; (2) a hydrocarbon obtained by hydrogenating brown coal is condensed with cresol in the presence of zinc dust and treated with ethylene oxide; the product may be sulphonated or esterified with phthalic acid to give an acid ester; (3) a chlorinated petroleum is condensed with crude phenol in the presence of zinc dust and treated with epichlorhydrin; the product may be reacted with trimethylamine, sodium sulphite or sodium thiosulphate; (4) a chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon is condensed with ethyleneglycolmonophenylether in the presence of zinc dust and the product rendered water-soluble by reacting with acetaldehyde disulphonic acid.  The condensation products of the phenols and halogenated hydrocarbons may be rendered water-soluble by treating with any sulphonating agent or alkylene oxide or with pyro or orthophosphoric acid, sulpho acetic acid, chloracetic acid or chlorethanesulphonic acid.  After treatment with halogenhydrins or chloracetyl chloride, the condensation products may also be reacted with dihydroxyethylsulphide or any amine, e.g. dimethylamine, pyridine or triethanolamine.  The products may be used in association with sodium acetate, soda, sodium phosphates, waterglass, cyclohexanol, carbontetrachloride, trichlorethylene glue, gelatin, soap, turkey red oil, alkylated aromatic sulphonic acids, condensation products of hydroxy or aminoalkylsulphonic acids with fatty acids or reaction products of ethylene oxide with high molecular alcohols, carboxylic acids or amines.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 470,181.ALSO:Products stated to have wetting, washing, and dispersing properties are prepared by halogenating saturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons containing at least eight carbon atoms, condensing the halogenated hydrocarbons with aromatic hydroxy compounds or derivatives thereof in the presence of zinc dust and rendering the product water soluble.  In examples: (1) a hydrocarbon obtained by hydrogenating brown coal is condensed with phenol in the presence of zinc dust and rendered soluble by treatment with ethyleneoxide; impurities may be removed by blowing with air, oxygen or steam; (2) a hydrocarbon obtained by hydrogenating brown coal is condensed with cresol in the presence of zinc dust and treated with ethylene oxide; the product may be sulphonated or esterified with phthalic acid to give an acid ester; (3) a chlorinated petroleum is condensed with crude phenol in the presence of zinc dust and treated with epichlorhydrin; the product may be reacted with trimethylamine, sodium sulphite or sodium thiosulphate; (4) a chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon is condensed with ethyleneglycolmonophenylether in the presence of zinc dust and the product rendered water-soluble by reacting with acetaldehyde disulphonic acid.  The latter may be prepared by introducing acetylene into oleum.  The condensation products of the phenols and halogenated hydrocarbons may be rendered water-soluble by treating with any sulphonating agent or alkylene oxide or with pyro or orthophosphoric acid, sulphoacetic acid, chloracetic acid or chlorethanesulphonic acid.  After treatment with halogenhydrins or chloracetyl chloride, the condensation products may also be reacted with dihydroxyethylsulphide or any amine, e.g. dimethylamine, pyridine or triethanolamine.  The products may be used in association with sodium acetate, soda, sodium phosphates, water glass, cyclohexanol, carbontetrachloride, trichlorethylene, glue, gelatin, soap, turkey red oil, alkylated aromatic sulphonic acids, condensation products of hydroxy or aminoalkylsulphonic acids with fatty acids or reaction products of ethylene oxide with high molecular alcohols, carboxylic acids or amines.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 470,181.