Patent GB-753414-A (GB)
Title: Process for concentrating hydrogen
Inventor: KASSEL LOUIS STEVENSON
IPC: C01B3/52
Filed: 1954-08-04
Abstract: <PICT:0753414/III/1> A gas containing hydrogen and low molecular weight hydrocarbons is contacted at superatmospheric pressure with a liquid absorbent in an absorber (14) and a hydrogen-rich gas (G2-containing, e.g. 99.7 per cent of hydrogen) recovered therefrom; enriched absorbent is removed from said absorber and flash vaporized in a first flash vaporization zone (21 and 27) and then in a second flash vaporization zone (32) at lower pressure, stripped (in 24) with gases from said high pressure zone and returned to the upper portion of the absorber; and effluent gas (G5) from the stripping step returned to a lower portion of said absorber.  The figures refer to the illustrated and preferred embodiment in which also a primary absorber 5, wherein the heavier hydrocarbon fraction may be removed, is employed.  Unabsorbed gas rich in hydrogen passes through line 13 into the secondary absorber 14, and the rich primary absorbent passes to a primary stripper 9 from which a gas rich in hydrocarbons is withdrawn, where it is preferably stripped with the effluent from the low pressure flash vaporization zone and returned to said primary absorber.  Flash vaporization in the high pressure zone is effected in two stages, in vessels 21 and 27 and the effluent from each passed to the secondary stripper 24, which is not heated.  Both higher and lower pressure flash vaporization zones may be divided into a plurality of stages.  If a particularly pure hydrogen fraction is required, the main stream of purified hydrogen may be removed from a point below the entry of lean absorbent in the secondary absorber whereby the minor stream receives a more thorough treatment and is substantially pure.  When the crude hydrogen gas contains no significant amount of hydrocarbons heavier than propane, the primary absorber, &c., need not be employed, said gas may be supplied to the absorber substantially below the point of entry of lean absorbent, and the effluent from the stripper introduced at about the same or a lower level.  The absorbent is generally a hydrocarbon oil, preferably a narrow boiling fraction having an average molecular weight of about 150.  Other preferred features are: a pressure of 65 to 340 atmospheres in the primary absorber; maintenance of substantially equal pressures in primary and secondary absorbers; the maintenance of the same pressure in the low pressure flash vaporization and stripping zones, and also in the primary stripping zone, is employed; the use of gases containing more than 50 per cent, e.g. 65 to 95 per cent of hydrogen, from re-forming or aromatizing processes with a platinum-alumina-combined halogen catalyst; a rate of circulation of secondary absorbent to rate of circulation of primary absorbent ratio greater than 10, preferably about 25.  In the example, a gas mixture consisting of 93 per cent hydrogen and the remainder 61-65 hydrocarbons was purified to give a fraction containing 99.71 per cent of hydrogen in the preferred apparatus employing a temperature of 38 DEG C. in all vessels and pressures of: 136 atmospheres (absorbers), 82 atmospheres (first high pressure flash vaporizer), 34 atmospheres (second high pressure flash vaporizer), 1.4 atmospheres (low pressure flash vaporizer; strippers) with a hydrocarbon oil as primary and secondary absorbent having an average molecular weight of 160 and a boiling range of 163 to 288 DEG C.