baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-724374-A (GB)
Title: Glass-like composition and method for making the same
IPC: C03C4/00
Filed: 1953-08-24
Abstract: 724,374. Vitreous enamels. NATIONAL LEAD CO. Aug. 24, 1953 [Aug. 26, 1952], No. 23325/53. Class 56 In a titania/lead oxide vitreous enamel, particularly for decorating glassware, at least a portion of the titania is present in an undissolved state to colour and opacify the enamel, and P 2 O 5  is added to the batch in amounts from 0.010 to 0.10 parts for each part of lead oxide to nullify the tendency of the enamel to be off-white or yellowish.
Patent GB-924082-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in airplanes powered by jet propulsion engines
IPC: B64D27/10
Filed: 1960-07-04
Abstract: 924,082. Aircraft. A. KOGAN. July 4, 1960 [July 2, 1959], No. 23348/60. Class 4. An aircraft is powered by at least two jet propulsion engines, which are mounted on and externally of the fuselage adjacent its rear end and are connected to a common outlet whose axis lies in the central longitudinal vertical plane of the fuselage.
Patent GB-633970-A (GB)
Title: Preparations comprising esters of arylcarbamic acids
Filed: 1947-08-25
Abstract: A water dispersible fluid herbicidal concentrate comprises an ester of an aryl carbamic acid, a phenolic compound liquid at normal atmospheric temperatures, ricinoleic acid and a water soluble salt thereof.  Optionally a non phenolic water miscible organic liquid such as ethylene glycol may be added.  According to examples iso propyl phenyl carbamate and/or ethyl phenyl carbamate are dissolved in a mixture of cresols known as pale cresylic acid and fatty acids obtained by the alkaline hydrolysis and acidification of castor oil, caustic soda, and ethylene glycol are added.  Specification 574,995 is referred to.
Patent GB-235211-A (GB)
Abstract: 235,211. Kodak, Ltd., (Assignees of Sheppard, S. E.). June 6, 1924, [Convention date]. 1'lates, films, and papers; emulsions and sensitive coatings, preparing.-Developing out emulsions have incorporated therein a very minute quantity (e.g. in a proportion not greater than 1 part to 91000 parts of the dry constituents of the finished emulsion) a sensitizing agent consisting of a compound containing a divalent atom of the sulphur group joined by a double bond to a single non-metal atom to which at least one other group of atoms is attached (e.g. thiocarbamide). Gelatin (which may be, or may be rendered, inert) and other colloids, albumens, gums, agar-agar and cellulose materials, may have the sensitizing materials incorporated therein before use in making the emulsions. Various objects, methods of using the sensitizing agent and results obtainable are described. In many substances specified the non-metallic atom is carbon. Preferably one of the groups of atoms attached to the non-metallic atom is such that it induces a chemical affinity for silver halide, as by combining to some extent therewith to form a soluble complex salt. The following compounds are instanced. Carbamides, carbimides and sub-series of these containing allyl, alkyl, aryl, acyl, oxy, a.ryl-oxy, &c. groups, allylisothiocyanate, phenyl-iso-thiocyanate, phenyl thio-urea, thiocarbanilide, thiourea, thiosemicarbazide, sodium thiosulphate, di-o-tolyl thiourea, seleno-mustard-oil (allyl isoselenocyanate), thio-acetamide thioformamide, thiobarbituric acid, telluro-mustard-oils (allyl isotellurocyanate), potassium tellurocyanide, allyltellurourea. The selenocyanide and tellurocyanide are used in higher proportions than other compounds. A particular example of the preparation of a developing gelatine silver bromide emulsion, substantially on the lines of known practice, is given. Gelatines giving almost non-sensitive emulsions can be used to produce sensitive emulsions by incorporating therein a compound as above. Inert gelatines to be subsequently rendered active may be prepared by treating active photographic gelatines or other gelatines, with oxidizing agents (e.g. sodium peroxide), or this oxidizing treatment may be done in the manufacture of the gelatin during the liming or deliming treatments in the ordinary manufacturing processes for gelatine. The use of the above compounds also enables the ripening steps in the emulsion preparation to be wholly or partially dispensed with.
Patent GB-1455953-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for and a method of producing an exponential dilution  in streak form
IPC: G01N1/00
Filed: 1974-05-28
Abstract: 1455953 Exponential dilution of microorganisms MPJ DEVELOPMENTS Ltd 28 May 1975 [28 May 1974] 23566/74 Heading C6F A method of estimating the number of viable micro-organisms in liquid samples comprises supplying a sample to a carrier, continuously feeding diluent to the sample in the carrier, transferring an increasingly diluted sample to the surface of a culture medium and producing constant velocity relative motion between the carrier and the surface in order to produce a streak of diluted sample on the surface which varies exponentially in concentration from the origin to the end of the streak. A suitable apparatus for producing a spiral streak comprises a diluting head 9 including a sample carrier 10, means for feeding-diluent via tube 20 to the sample carrier at a constant rate (e.g. piston 22a in cylinder 22 moved by rack and pinion drive 25), a turn-table 1 to support a medium in culture plate P, a motor 7 for rotating the turntable and rack and pinion drive 4 for displacing the turn-table radially at a constant rate while it is also rotating.
Patent GB-1493777-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing ammonium chloride
IPC: B01D9/02
Filed: 1976-06-08
Abstract: 1493777 Ammonium chloride; sodium bicarbonate ASAHI GLASS CO Ltd 8 June 1976 [11 June 1975] 23623/76 Heading ClA A cyclic process is described for the production of NH 4 Cl and NaHCO 3  wherein the compounds are alternately precipitated from a circulating aqueous mother liquor by first introducing CO 2  into the liquor containing NaCl and thereby precipitating NaHCO 3 , and then introducing further NaCl along with NH 3  to the NaHCO 3  depleted liquor to form NH 4 Cl in solution which is crystallized out by passing, in direct contact, a liquefied coolant through the solution. The coolant, which may be fed from the bottom of a precipitating tank, may be re-liquefied after removing NH 3  and other impurities for use in precipitating further NH 4 Cl. Suitable coolants are dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, propane, n-butane and iso-butane. Typical particle size of the crystalline NH 4 Cl obtained is from 500 to 1000 Ám when dichlorodifluoromethane is used as coolant.
Patent GB-1029440-A (GB)
Title: New methyl-androstanes
IPC: A61K31/569
Filed: 1964-06-08
Abstract: The invention comprises steroids of the formula <FORM:1029440/C2/1> (wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of at most 5 carbon atoms and R1 is hydrogen or methyl) and their alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts.  They may be prepared by reacting the corresponding 2-unsubstituted steroids or 17-esters thereof with a formic acid ester in the presence of a basic agent and when required, converting the esters into the free 17b -ols.  The salts and the free 2-hydroxymethylene compounds are interconverted by standard procedures. Examples are given.  Starting materials of the formula <FORM:1029440/C2/2> are prepared by treatment of the corresponding D 4 - 3 - oxo - 7a  - methyl - androstenes or - 19 -nor-androstenes with lithium or sodium in liquid ammonia, or by introducing a 17a -aliphatic hydrocarbon group into 3,17-dioxo-7a -methyl5a -androstane or -19-nor-androstane.  The steroids of the invention, which are stated to possess anabolic properties, may be made up into pharmaceutical or veterinary compositions with suitable carriers. They may take the form of tablets, ointments, dragees, creams, solutions, suspensions or emulsions, and may contain preservatives, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure or buffers.
Patent GB-1475148-A (GB)
Title: Arrangement for shaping or reshaping a diamond guide body
IPC: G11B3/56
Filed: 1974-05-28
Abstract: 1475148 Pressure scanning system TED BILDPLATTEN AG AEG TELEFUNKEN TELDEC 28 May 1974 [28 May 1973 2Z April 1974] 23696/74 Heading G5R [Also in Division B3] In a pressure scanning system for playing back signals recorded in a record groove in which a diamond guide body or scanning element 1 is formed such that a wear resistant direction in the diamond extends in the direction of record movement P, the record engaging surface of the diamond body or element is shaped or reshaped during playback intervals by profile grinding in a direction B in which the wear resistance is lower.
Patent GB-389735-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in carburettors
IPC: F02M3/09
Filed: 1932-08-24
Abstract: 389,735. Spray carburetters. SOC. ANON. SOLEX, 190, Avenue de Neuilly, Neuilly-sur- Seine, France. Aug. 24, 1932, No. 23701. Convention date, Feb. 19. [Class 7 (iii).] In carburetters such, for example, as described in Specifications 357,310 and 381,982, wherein a slow-running device is employed, as well as an auxiliary carburetter for starting and running while cold, means are provided for suppressing the feed of the slow-running device while the auxiliary starting carburetter is in action. In Fig. 1, the main nozzles are shown at 3, the slow-running nozzle at 2 and the auxiliary carburetter nozzle at 10 dipping into a well 9 fed through a constricted orifice 8. The outlet conduit 13 of the auxiliary carburetter is controlled by a valve 14 which is extended to control also the outlet 4 of the slow-running device. The ports 16, 17 in the valve are so arranged that the slow-running outlet 4 is closed when the outlet 13 is open and vice versa. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), the nozzle 2 is fed from the main nozzle and not directly from conduit 7. In Fig. 3, the feed of nozzle 2 is suppressed by placing the conduit 4 in communication, by port 18, either with the atmosphere or with the induction passage 5 below the throttle valve 6. In Fig. 4, the nozzle 2 is fed from the well 9 and is deprived of fuel when nozzle 10 is in action. In a modification, Fig. 5 (not shown), the nozzle 2 dips into a well connected with a nozzle surrounding the main nozzle 3 and also, through a constriction, with the well 9 above the orifice 8. In a further modification, Fig. 6 (not shown), these wells are combined to form a single well. In Fig. 7, the control valve of the auxiliary starting carburetter comprises apertured plates 22, 23 and ducts 28 .. 31 as described in Specification 381,982. In a further modification, this type of valve is described in connection with the construction of Fig. 6 (not shown).
Patent GB-361367-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to combined sound-recording and kinematograph cameras
IPC: G03B31/00
Filed: 1930-08-07
Abstract: 361,367. Kinematograph cameras. POULSEN, A., 7, Hoyrups Alle, Hellerup, near Copenhagen, PETERSEN, A. C. G., 183, Norrebrogade, Copenhagen, and BRITISH ACOUSTIC FILMS, Ltd., 52, Haymarket, London. Aug. 7, 1930, No. 23708. [Class 97 (i).] In apparatus for recording sound and kinematograph pictures simultaneously on a single film, means for adjusting a device such as an iris diaphragm in the picture-taking lens system may be connected mechanically or electrically with a lever for adjusting a potentiometer controlling the microphonic currents whereby the sound is recorded, in order to " fade in " or " fade out " the pictures, and to produce at the same time a corresponding effect in the sound record. The apparatus shown comprises a casing a through which a film c is fed past a picture-gate h at one side of the casing and a sound-recording gate m at the other side. A lever D for adjusting a potentiometer B, controlling the microphonic currents, controls also an iris diaphragm F, which, though shown diagrammatically as outside the camera, is actually located together with the lever D in such a position (for instance at z) as to control the passage of light through the optical system Z for taking the pictures. Thus the strength of the sound-influenced currents is automatically regulated in accordance with the brightness of the picture images.
Patent GB-653713-A (GB)
Title: Telephone communication systems
Inventor: JOHNSON THOMAS WINTON
IPC: H04M9/00
Filed: 1948-09-09
Abstract: 653,713. Intercommunication systems. JOHNSON, W. T., and MACLAREN, H. D. Sept. 9, 1948, No. 23711. [Class 40 (iv)] In a system in which telephone transmitters Tx are connected between one wire and a common wire and receivers Rx are connected between another wire and the common wire, the transmitter and receiver circuits being connected to the input and output circuits of an amplifier, the voltages in the two wires are  arranged to be equal in magnitude but opposite in phase so that the interference in a neighbouring circuit due to the transmitter circuit cancels that due to the receiver circuit. As shown, the transmitter circuit is connected to the input of a phase reversing amplifier V1 which feeds an amplifier V2 with an output auto-transformer in its cathode circuit for matching to the receiver circuit. By arranging that the receiver impedance is low compared with the transmitter impedance, power amplification is produced while the voltages in the transmitter and receiver circuits remain equal.
Patent GB-684194-A (GB)
Title: Electrostatic precipitation
Inventor: SAVITZ CHRISTIAN W
IPC: B03C3/82
Filed: 1950-09-28
Abstract: 684,194. Electrostatic precipitation. AIRMAZE CORPORATION. Sept. 28, 1950, No. 23762/50. Class 39(i) An electrostatic precipitator cell adapted to be slid into a framework, comprises two sets of alternately disposed collecting plates, the outermost plates 15, 16 of the grounded set 23 forming the sides of the cell, and extending so as to co-operate with ionizing wires 21 carried by, and electrically connected to the high-tension set 22. The plates 15, 16 have part-cylindrical surfaces 42 opposite the ionizing wires 21. The ionizing wires are held in tension between springs extending upstream from the diverging arms of a bracket carried by the set of plates 22. The spacing between the ionizing wires is so correlated with the velocity of gas glow, and with the frequency of the alternating voltage supply to the precipitator power pack, that a particle in the gas stream will pass one or other of the ionizing wires at a peak point of the not entirely smoothed output from the power pack. The plates of the cell form the smoothing condenser of the power pack. The cell is slid into a framework adapted to contain a number of similar cells so that a high tension terminal 54 engages a busbar carried at one end of the framework. Optimum dimensions and spacings of the electrodes are given.
Patent GB-745758-A (GB)
Title: New cycloalkano-hydronaphthalenes and process for making them
Filed: 1953-08-28
Abstract: The invention comprises D 8-9-7-keto-3,4-(31-keto - cycloalkano - 21,11) - hydronaphthalenes in which a double bond is present in the 4,10-position or a hydroxyl group is present in the 4-position, and also the corresponding 4-keto-4,10-seco-compounds.  They are prepared by condensing a 3-ethenyl-cyclohex-2-en-one with an alicyclic 1,3-diketone containing in the 2-position at least one hydrogen atom and the 4-keto-4,10-seco-hydronaphthalene so obtained may then be ring-closed with a dehydrating agent and the cycloalkanohydronaphthalene obtained, which contains a hydroxyl group in the 4-position, may then be treated with a dehydrating agent to eliminate such hydroxyl group with the formation of a double bond. The condensation is carried out in the presence of an alkaline condensing agent, several of which are specified, particularly diethylamine in the presence of tertiary butanol as a solvent. Depending on the nature of the reaction, the 4,10 - unsaturated cycloalkano - hydronaphthalene, cycloalkano - 4 - hydroxy - hydronaphthalene or 4-keto-4,10-seco-hydronaphthalene may be obtained directly, but either of the latter may be dehydrated e.g. by treatment with a strong acid in glacial acetic acid to form the 4,10-unsaturated compound.  In examples: (1) 2 - methyl - 3 - ethenyl - cyclohex - 2 - enone is heated with 2-methylcyclohexane-dione(1,3) in the presence of diethylamine, butanol and benzene to give D 8,14-8,11-dimethyl-1,7diketo - 12 - hydroxy - dodecahydrophenanthrene <FORM:0745758/IV(a)/1> which is then boiled under reflux with p-toluenesulphonic acid in glacial acetic acid to give D 8,14;12,13 - 8,11 - dimethyl - 1,7 - diketodecahydrophenathrene <FORM:0745758/IV(a)/2> (2) 2 - methyl - cyclopentane - dione - (1,3) and 2 - methyl - 3 - ethenyl - cyclohex - 2 - en - one are similarly condensed to give D 8,9-3,8-dimethyl - 4,7 - diketo - 3,4 - (31 - keto - cyclopentano - 21,11) - 4,10 - seco - octahydronaphthalene <FORM:0745758/IV(a)/3> which on boiling with p-toluenesulphonic acid in acetic acid yields D 4,10;8,9-3,8-dimethyl-7 - keto - 3,4 - (31 - keto - cyclopentano - 21,11)-hexahydro-naphthalene of the formula <FORM:0745758/IV(a)/4> The 2 - methyl - 3 - ethenyl - cyclohex - 2 - enone is prepared by condensing 2-methyl-cyclohexane-dione-1,3 with isobutanol in the presence of p-toluenesulphonic acid and benzene to give 2 - methyl - 3 - isobutoxy - cyclohex - 2 - en - one which is treated with acetylene in the presence of lithium acetylenide and ether to give 2-methyl - 3 - ethinyl - cyclohex - 2 - en - one which is then hydrogenated in the presence of pyridine and palladium-lead catalyst.  The 2,4-dinitrophenyl-hydrazones of the ethinyl and ethenyl ketones are described.
Patent GB-621058-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to portable lifting tackle
IPC: B66D3/12
Filed: 1946-08-13
Abstract: 621,058. Weighing-apparatus. DIDSBURY ENGINEERING CO., Ltd., and FRANKS, A. L. Aug. 13, 1946, Nos. 23927/46 and 12724/47. [Class 143] In portable lifting tackle comprising a winch and cable and tackle having a plurality of cable falls, such as that shown in Specification 552,892, [Group XXX], the load lifted is measured by weighing mechanism incorporated in part of the lifting tackle and connected to the standing end of the cable. The standing block 10 is carried by a hook 11 from a convenient support and carries a sheave 18 over which pass a plurality of falls 14 of cable supporting a sheave 19 in the running block 16. The running end (not shown) of the cable runs through a hollow stem 12; secured to the block 10, to a winch 15. The standing end 26 of the cable is connected to a V-shaped bridge piece 23 sliding on a rod 22 and having its arms connected to two tension springs 21. Thus the tension in the cable is measured by the extension of the springs 21 and this is indicated by a rack and pinion 27, 28 operating a drum 30 whose graduations (in terms of the load lifted) are shown in a window 31. A " set zero " screw 32 and buffers 35 and a stop 36 limiting the extension of the springs 21 are provided. In an alternative construction the standing end 26 of the cable does not pass over the sheave 18 but is secured to an arcuate sector pivoted to move into and out of the easing and drawn inwardly by tensioning springs. The outward movement of the sector is conveyed mechanically to a pointer on a dial graduated in terms of the load lifted.
Patent GB-368660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with propelling pencils
IPC: B43K21/08
Filed: 1931-08-26
Abstract: 368,660. Pencil holders. BOWLER, A. T., 118, Kelvin Street, Ashton-under- Lyne. Aug. 26, 1931, No. 23958. [Class 146 (iii).] Relates to screw-propelling pencils having provision to prevent overwinding. In the construction shown in Fig. 2, a point element c and a leadcarrier guide sleeve bare rotatable with regard to the barrel a of the pencil, and a spiral sleeve g is affixed thereto. In the guide sleeve b slide a lead carrier e, Fig. 7, bearing a pin e<2>, and a pusherrod f bearing a pin f<1> which projects through a slit e<1> in the lead carrier. The pins e<2>, f<1> pass through the slit b<1> in the guide sleeve band engage with the spiral slot g<1> of the guide g. Collars b<3>, h, Figs. 2 and 5, in which are slots b<2>, h<1>, are fixed to the opposite ends of the guide sleeve b so that, at the extreme ends of the longitudinal motion of the lead carrier and the pusher-rod, the pins e<2>, f<1> pass out of the slot g<1> into the slots b<2> or h<1>, and no further longitudinal motion takes place. Springs b<4>, h<2> are mounted on the collars b<3>, h, and return the pins e<2>, f<1> to the spiral slot g<1> when the direction of rotation is reversed. A sleeve may surround the members g, h so as to maintain their relative positions. In a modification for use with thick leads, Fig. 9, the spring b<4x> is mounted inside the lead carrier and the spring h<2x> is fixed to the end of the carrier.
Patent GB-452240-A (GB)
Title: Improved two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine
IPC: F02B75/26
Filed: 1935-08-27
Abstract: 452,240. Two-stroke-cycle engines. MICHELL, A. G. M., 4, Bank Place, Melbourne, Australia. Aug. 27, 1935, No. 23984. Convention date, Oct. 29, 1934. [Class 7 (ii)] Products of combustion are transferred from a cylinder on its working stroke to a cylinder in which an air charge is being compressed. As shown, three cylinders are arranged parallel and equidistant from a central shaft to which the drive is transmitted by swash-plate mechanism. Each cylinder is formed with oblique ports 43a, 43b, through which the gases pass to and from the transfer passages 44. Cleaning is facilitated by the provision of spring-pressed removable sections 45 in the passages 44. Normal air-inlet ports 41 and twin-exhaust valves 23 are provided. At starting, the clearance between the cylinder head and the piston at top-dead-centre is reduced. Owing to the lower pressure in the combustion chamber, the pistons are moved further into the cylinder by springs 34 pressed between the cylinder head and an abutment 32 which presses against a collar on the shaft 1. The chamber 38 containing the springs 34 is kept filled with oil from the pump 14 and the movements of the abutment 32 are controllable by a needle valve 39. Combustion product transfer may also be used in radial-cylinder and other engines having their cylinders at right angles to the shaft. Specification 279,548, [Class 7 (ii)], is referred to.
Patent GB-1213089-A (GB)
Title: Purification of titanium tetrachloride
Inventor: SIRONI GIUSEPPE
IPC: C01G23/02
Filed: 1969-05-12
Abstract: 1,213,089. Purifying titanium tetrachloride; sulphur. MONTECATINI EDISON S.p.A. 12 May, 1969 [10 May, 1968], No. 24036/69. Heading C1A. Vanadium compounds (e.g. VOCl 3 , VCl 4 ) which exist as impurities in titanium tetrachloride are removed therefrom by treating with hydrogen sulphide at from 130-180‹ C., the amount of hydrogen sulphide used being from 1 to 3 mols. per mol. of vanadium compound present, whilst at the same time cooling the crude titanium tetrachloride by injection of liquid titanium tetrachloride. The process may be carried out in a spray-quencher, and the contact time (for the reaction) should be at least 10 seconds, preferably 15-50 seconds. Afterwards the vapours may be scrubbed with liquid titanium tetrachloride, this liquid being recycled to the hydrogen sulphide treatment and the gaseous purified titanium tetrachloride sent for rectification. The gases may be passed through a cyclone between the spray-quencher and scrubbing apparatus to remove some of the solid particles, some of which collect in the sprayquencher. The process may be used to treat impure titanium tetrachloride made by chlorinating titaniferous material. Molten elementary sulphur formed in the reaction between hydrogen sulphide and the vanadium compounds is discharged with solid impurities from the spray-quencher and cyclone. In Example 1, the solids contained 4.9% sulphur and in Example 2, where a larger ratio of H 2 5 was used per mol. of vanadium compounds the solids contained about 25% by weight of sulphur.