baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-973363-A (GB)
Title: A semi-conductor device
IPC: H01L21/205
Filed: 1961-06-19
Abstract: 973,363. Semi-conductor rectifiers. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE A.G. June 19, 1961 [June 18, 1960], No. 21994/61. Drawings to Specification. Heading H1K. A PIN or PSN rectifier has the thickness of its intermediate S or I zone approximately equal to twice the diffusion length of the charge carriers therein and a lifetime of the carriers in this zone less than or equal to 10<SP>-8</SP> sec. The rectifier is preferably made from a material having a forbidden band of greater than 1 eV. Suitable examples are:-Si, InP, GaAs, AlSb, GaP, or solid solutions such as Ge/Si with Si > 20%, or InAs/InP with InP > 40%. The net impurity centre concentration in the intermediate zone is preferably smaller than 2.10<SP>15</SP> cm.<SP>-3</SP>. With A<SP>iii</SP>B<SP>v</SP> compounds, especially InP, GaAs, and InP/InAs, the carrier lifetime is sufficiently low as a result of the normal process of manufacture but with some semi-conductors, e.g. Si, special steps must be taken to reduce the carrier lifetime in the intermediate region. This may be achieved by doping the material with recombination centreforming impurities, either put in an initial melt or diffused into the device during its manufacture. Alternatively irradiation with highenergy particles may be used-such as on the otherwise completed device-e.g. with fast neutrons or fast electrons (ca. 1 MeV.). Methods of obtaining the high resistivity intermediate region include starting from a low resistivity crystal and using indiffusion to afford compensation, or using outdiffusion; starting from a high resistivity crystal and indiffusing end regions, or alloying a regular rectifying junction to one end of the body, applying a reverse bias and etching to the boundary of the space charge region, followed by indiffusion to form a very thin low resistivity layer of the same conductivity type as the body; or starting from a low resistivity crystal and vapour depositing first a thin layer of high resistivity material and then a further layer of low resistivity material. In Example I an otherwise completed P#N silicon rectifier is exposed to a total neutron flux of 2-10<SP>14</SP> neutrons/cm.<SP>2</SP> in a reactor, and an otherwise completed PuN silicon rectifier is exposed to a total flux of 10<SP>15</SP> neutrons/cm.<SP>3</SP>, in both cases carrier lifetime in the intermediate region being reduced to 10<SP>-8</SP> sec. In Example II a layer of intrinsic silicon 10Á thick is deposited on to a 100Á thick N+ silicon wafer and a boron doped P+ region 30-50Á thick is deposited on top of the intrinsic region. The device is subjected to a total neutron flux of 2.10<SP>14</SP> neutrons/ cm.<SP>2</SP> to reduce the lifetime in the intermediate layer to 10<SP>-8</SP> sec.
Patent GB-664216-A (GB)
Title: Sawtooth wave generator
IPC: H03K4/68
Filed: 1949-08-24
Abstract: 664,216. Saw-tooth generating circuits. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. Aug. 24, 1949 [Sept. 21, 1948], No. 22037/49. Class 40 (vi). In a saw-tooth wave generator energy is stored in an inductor during the flyback period. by coupling it through an auto-transformer and a gas discharge tube to a voltage source and allowed to discharge through a biased diode during the whole of the forward stroke. In the circuit shown the diode biasing capacitor 27 is charged to produce a substantially steady positive potential so that when the gas discharge valve 7 becomes conductive (i.e. during the flyback) the capacitor potential acts in series with the H.T. potential to cause a large current to build up in the primary winding 15, 17 of the autotransformer. This produces a large negative voltage at the secondary terminal 19 and thus causes a large current to flow through the deflection coils 5 and the series blocking capacitors 21 and 31. The build up of primary current soon decreases due to the voltage drop in the circuit resistance and the secondary current therefore diminishes producing a back E.M.F. which lowers the anode voltage and extinguishes the valve. The flux in the deflection coils then begins to collapse causing the diode anode to become positive and producing the linear decay of current required for the forward stroke. The D.C. component of the charging current of capacitor 27 is supplied during the forward stroke by the collapse of the flux in a choke 33 and the secondary of the transformer. Extinction of valve 7 may be assisted by increasing the time the anode is negative for example by inserting a small inductance between the anode and terminal 17 or by ensuring that the transformer has appreciable leakage inductance. It is pointed out that the D.C. supply is not boosted by the biasing circuit voltage if the H.T. supply is connected directly to terminal 15 of the transformer.
Patent GB-740150-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in discontinuous screening of pulverulent materials
Inventor: AHLMANN NIKOLAI
IPC: G01N15/02
Filed: 1954-07-28
Abstract: 740,150. Sifting. SMIDTH & CO. AKTIESELSKAB, F. L. July 28, 1954, No. 22075/54. Class 117. Streams of a fluid are directed against the underside of a horizontal screen, the screen and streams being relatively moved so that all parts of the screen are subjected to the streams. As shown, streams of air emerge from apertures 12 of a conduit 11 rotating in bearing 7, and impinge on a screen 1 on which is placed the material to be sifted; the fines are drawn off through conduit 5. The conduit 11 may be stationary, and the screen I may rotate.
Patent GB-1506775-A (GB)
Title: Electric current limiting device
IPC: H01H87/00
Filed: 1975-05-22
Abstract: 1506775 Current limiters BBC BROWN BOVERI & CO Ltd 22 May 1975 [29 Aug 1974] 22106/75 Heading H1N An electric current limiting device comprises two terminals 1, 2 connected by a duct 4a, 5alpha containing vapourizable current limiting material and having a portion 4a of reduced crosssection, at least part of the length of the duct wall of which consists of refractory ceramic material 4 electrically connected in parallel with a shunt resistor 6 which engages an electrode 7 forming part of the duct wall and which relieves the current limiting material in the reduced cross-section portion 4a of current loading after the current limiting material has begun to vaporize. The duct is defined by a beryllium oxide tubular member 5, an electrode 7 and an aluminium oxide tubular member 4 surrounded by a vanadium oxide or silicon carbide shunt resistor 6 positioned between the terminal 1 and electrode 7. Compressed gas is provided in a chamber 9 defined by a piston 8. If the current flowing between the terminals 1, 2 exceeds a threshold value, the current limiting material, e.g. Na, K, is vaporized first in the narrow bore 4a and an arc is struck, after which the narrow bore 4a is relieved of current load by the resistor 6 whereby burning of the tubular member 4 is reduced. The resistance of the resistor 6 decreases upon formation of the arc, the cooling of which is increased by the evaporation of the material of the tubular member 5. The duct may alternatively be defined by stepped regions (Fig. 3, not shown) each having a tubular member 4 and an associated resistor 6 and electrode 7. The resistance values of the resistors 6 decrease towards the tubular member 5.
Patent GB-378097-A (GB)
Title: A collapsible, and, folding table
IPC: A47B3/02
Filed: 1931-05-23
Abstract: 378,097. Tables. LLEWELLYN, W. J. and BEVAN, A. J., 595, Stratford Road, Sparkhill, Birmingham. May 23, 1931, No. 22164/30. [Class 52 (iii).] In a folding table of a special kind, stays e are pivoted to the legs m and co-operate with the inclined ends c<4> of ledges, bars, or abutments c<2>, c<3> in order to prevent the parts c, d of the top from folding up. The bars c<2>, c<3> extend from the sides of the table at right-angles to the line of the hinges g, and their ends overlap as shown under the top parts c, d.
Patent GB-222665-A (GB)
Abstract: 222,665. Triplex Foundry, Ltd., and Horrell, C. R. Oct. 1, 1923. Dampers for combination and other stoves comprise a sliding plate b with an extension c working in a guide bracket d, the edges of the stem and the sides of the bracket being preferably tapered as shown in Fig. 3. The damper may be operated by a lever g passing through a slot in the stove front, the sides of the slot forming the fulcrum; or, as shown in Fig. 6, a leverm extending through the stove front may operate the damper through a lever g pivoting about a pin k, the lever g being slotted to allow the lever m to be pushed inwards when not in use.
Patent GB-723600-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in fly-wheel starters combined with drives for engine ancilliary equipment
IPC: F02N5/04
Filed: 1952-09-05
Abstract: 723,600. Dynamo-electric machines. UHER, E. Sept. 5, 1952 [Sept. 6, 1951], No. 22349/52. Class 35. [Also in Group XXVII] In a fly-wheel starter including ancilliary apparatus such as a circuit breaker 13, ignition distributer and fuel pump, not shown, to be operated from the engine crank-shaft 1, the starter comprising an electric motor including a rotor 5 rotatable about and axially movable with respect to the crank-shaft and a stator 17 surrounding the rotor, a member 4 connected to the rotor 5 and extending radially therefrom, a male cone 29 of a friction clutch carried by the member 4 so as to surround the stator 17, the female clutch member 2 being secured to the crankshaft, the members 4 and 29 forming a fly-wheel, and means such as a lever 10a and a sleeve 8 for imparting an axial movement to the rotor, the crank-shaft is extended through the starter, and actuating means, for example a cam 11, for the ancilliary apparatus is provided on that part of the extension which projects from the starter on the side remote from the engine. The rear bearing 7 of the assembly 4, 5 is mounted upon the sleeve 8 loaded by a spring 9 and slidable by the lever 10a on the crank-shaft extension 3 to actuate the clutch. The assembly 4, 5 is enclosed by an engine casing part 15 and wall 14 whilst the stator 17 and commutator brushes 16 are located on the wall; the distributer, circuit breaker 13, a condenser 18, an ignition coil 19 and the lever 10a are arranged externally of the wall 14 which is closed by a dust-cover 20. In a modification, the extension has a pin-and-slot connection with the crank-shaft so as to rotate therewith but to be slidable in relation thereto to effect actuation of the clutch, which latter is constructed as described in Specification 723,599.
Patent GB-1005559-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to infra-red tubes
IPC: H05B3/00
Filed: 1964-07-09
Abstract: 1,005,559. Infra-red heaters. P. LEVY. July 9, 1964 [Oct. 29, 1963], No. 28375/64. Heading H5H. In an infra-red heater comprising a helical element in a quartz tube, the tube is cushioned by three layers of glass wool or the like interposed between the tube and brass end ferrules by which it is supported, and to which connections are made.
Patent GB-1018076-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric spark gaps
Inventor: SMITHERS BRIAN WILLIAM
IPC: H01T2/02
Filed: 1963-06-05
Abstract: 1,018,076. Pulse circuits. ELECTRICAL RESEARCH ASSOCIATION. June 4, 1964 [June 5, 1963], No. 22401/63. Headings H3P and H3T. [Also in Division H1] Spark gap 12 between electrodes 13, 14 is caused to break down by injecting a plasma into the spark gap, the plasma comprising the products of an on discharge between electrodes 3, 4 in a chamber in insulating block 1, the arc products passing out of the chamber through orifice 6, the gap between electrodes 3, 4 breaking down when a suitable pulse is applied to trigger electrodes 7 (shown) and 8 (Fig. 1, not shown). In operation, battery 23 charges a capacitor 21 by way of monitor 24, and when switch 22 is closed capacitor 21 discharges through the primary winding of transformer 20, producing a pulse in the secondary winding which is applied to electrodes 7, 8. Electrodes 3, 4 are connected across capacitor 25 which derives its potential difference V 2  from the potential difference V 1  across capacitor 30, the values of resistors 31, 32 fixing the value of V 2  relative to V 1 . Capacitor 30 discharges across spark gap 12 and through inductor 33. A resistor 34 prevents excessive current being drawn from the supply, generally of direct current, connected to terminals 26, 27. Switch 22 may be manually operated or be constituted by a hot or cold cathode valve, transistor, silicon controlled rectifier or light-activated PNPN switch.
Patent GB-697019-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to phosphate fertilizers
Inventor: HUDSON JOHN HERBERT
IPC: C05B11/06
Filed: 1950-09-12
Abstract: <PICT:0697019/III/1> Granular compound phosphate fertilizers are produced by reacting ground mineral rock phosphate with insufficient aqueous nitric acid for the complete conversion to mono-calcium phosphate of the tri-calcium phosphate of the rock, the reaction with the acid being carried out in two stages, the first, during which all the acid is added being for a time not exceeding 2 minutes under conditions of rapid mixing, and the second for a period of 12 to 15 minutes with moderate agitation; then adding with continued mixing over a period of 10 minutes, aqueous ammonia sufficient to convert the monocalcium phosphate produced to dicalcium phosphate while maintaining the mass at not more than 70 DEG C; adding with continued mixing over 5 to 10 minutes, ground ammonium sulphate sufficient to convert unreacted calcium nitrate to calcium sulphate and ammonium nitrate; adding with continued mixing finished dried material sufficient to give the mixture a water content of 6 to 12 per cent by weight, then passing the mixture to rotary driers where granules are formed and dried in countercurrent so that the granules leave the drier at a temperature not exceeding 100 DEG C.  The granules are screened, preferably after cooling to room temperature, and the fines and crushed oversize granules are returned to the process, such recycled material constituting between one and four times the total weight of the other materials fed to the process.  In the drawing, phosphate rock, ground to 295m  or less is fed from a hopper 1 to a paddle mixer 2 together with a 45 to 65 per cent aqueous solution of nitric acid sufficient to give 55 to 96 per cent conversion; the mixture is passed to the second acid reaction step in the worm conveyer 4.  Aqueous ammonia of 20 to 40 per cent concentration is added at 6 and mixing continued in paddle mixer 5 at 50 to 60 DEG C, the mixture then passing to a further paddle mixer 7 where ammonium sulphate is added at 8.  Recycled material is added at 9 and the mixture granulated and dried in rotary drier 10.  Nitrate of potash may be added to the mixer 7 after the addition of the ammonium sulphate and preferably before the addition of the recycled dried product.
Patent GB-1098598-A (GB)
Title: Substituted n-tertiary-aminoalkyl-benzamides and their preparation
IPC: C07C233/12
Filed: 1965-05-26
Abstract: Novel compounds of formula <FORM:1098598/C2/1> where A is a C1- 5 alkyl or C2- 5 alkenyl radical; Y is an amino, alkylamino or acylamino radical; Z is a halogen atom; V is a C1- 5 alkyl radical; n is 2 or 3; and R1 and R2 are each C1- 5 alkyl radicals, or may be joined to provide a heterocyclic ring; with the proviso that one of the CH2 groups may be substituted by an alkyl radical, the acid addition salts thereof with non-toxic acids, and quaternary ammonium salts thereof, are prepared by reacting a benzoyl chloride with an amine of formula HNV-(CH2)n-NR1R2 in an inert solvent. In the above reaction, it is desirable to have the Y group in the form of an acylamino radical which may afterwards be subjected to acid hydrolysis if required.  The benzoyl chlorides are prepared from the corresponding acids.
Patent GB-205936-A (GB)
Title: An improvement in, or connected with, packets, or containers, of tobacco, or other matter
IPC: B65D75/54
Filed: 1922-08-17
Abstract: 205,936. British-American Tobacco Co., Ltd., and Pickance, F. W. W. Aug. 17, 1922. Wrappers.-A binder or strip 6 is wrapped around the front, back, and two ends of a packet of tobacco &c. and is secured to one face of the packet by surrounding lines 1 - - 4 of adhesive on the binder or the packet. A slit 5 forms the mouth of a pocket for cigarette papers &c., bounded by the lines of adhesive. Alternatively, one end of the binder may be left unsecured to form the mouth. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 10917/00 and 19952/01 and 18583/06, [both in Class 73, Labels &c.].
Patent GB-203875-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the cutting of fabrics and like materials
IPC: B26D7/00
Filed: 1922-08-17
Abstract: 203,875. Fenby, E. B. Aug. 17, 1922. Traversing-cutter apparatus. - A machine for cutting fabrics for making, for example, linen collars, comprises a reciprocating double punchlike tool 7 which is hand guided round a template g. Fabric is supported on a stationary table a, lowered against pressure of a spring d by a pedal c, beneath the template g by a resilient presser foot f. This latter is carried on a rod 10 mounted in the framework of the machine. Axially adjustable upon the rod 10, by a nut 5, and rotatable, by hand, around its axis is a framework j, k, 12, the lower member k of which slidingly carries a bracket in which the tool 7 is reciprocated. The tool is driven from a pulley x, through a resilient friction ring y co-operating with a pulley v, axially movable by a lever 4, and through ordinary belt gearing to a pulley s carried in the bracket and connected through crank mechanism to the tool holder. The tool is freely mounted in the holder and comprises two punch-like members arranged on either side of the axis of the holder, the convex surface of the tool abutting the template to enable the tool to be self-guided.
Patent GB-583664-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to centrifugal compressors
IPC: F04D29/28
Filed: 1944-11-15
Abstract: 583,664. Centrifugal compressors. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. (General Electric Co.). Nov. 15, 1944, No. 22519. Drawings to Specification. [Class 110 (i)] The outlet edges of the impeller blades of a centrifugal compressor are inclined to the inlet edges of the diffuser blades and the latter are inclined to the axial direction. In one construction, the edges of the impeller blades are inclined, in both radial and tangential planes, to the axial direction and the edges of the diffuser blades are similarly inclined but in the opposite sense.
Patent GB-1292365-A (GB)
Title: Mixing devices for plastics materials
Inventor: UPMEIER HARTMUT
IPC: B29C48/10
Filed: 1970-05-11
Abstract: 1292365 Mixing apparatus WINDMOLLER & HOLSCHER 11 May 1970 [23 May 1969 28 Oct 1969] 22586/70 Heading B1C Mixing device, for reducing temperature variations in plastics flowing through a passage 1, consists of a stack of plates 3 alternating with plates 3' to form a series of passages 4, 4' leading from the top part of the passage 1 at the upstream side, to the bottom part as the downstream side, and vice versa. More complete mixing may be obtained by means of a second device arranged in series with the first, but with the plates turned through 90. The plates are tapered at their leading or trailing ends 6, 6', and are preferably 1-2 mm thick and the central space 5 may be left open, allowing some transverse movement of fluid, may be closed by laminations between the plates. Alternatively the laminations may be integral with pairs of plates. The plates are held together by pins, rivets or screws 7, or alternatively the device is machined out of the solid. The outlet ends of the two sets of passages may lead to separate branches of a T-joint (Figs. 4-6, not shown).
Patent GB-680121-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to detonator, apparatus and process
IPC: F42B3/103
Filed: 1949-09-01
Abstract: 680,121. Blasting fuzes. ATLAS POWDER CO. Sept. 1, 1949 [Sept. 1, 1948], No. 22699/49. Addition to 647,145. Drawings to Specification. Class 9(i) In a modification of the invention described in the parent Specification the plug is precompressed to a diameter substantially equal to that of the interior of the shell, prior to insertion in the shell.
Patent GB-443717-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric fuses
IPC: H01H85/18
Filed: 1934-08-04
Abstract: 443,717. Fusible cut-outs. COX, C. W., 33, Chester Street, Liverpool. Aug. 4, 1934, No. 22762. [Class 38 (i)] The fuse wire or wires of a cartridge fuse passes through a spiral roll of asbestos cloth which takes the place of the usual arc-quenching filling. Ir the form shown, a single wire E is threaded centrally througl the roll C closed by asbestos washers 10, and its ends are secured to end caps B by means of clamping screws 7. Ir another form, three wires are arranged equidistantly from one another and from the axis.
Patent GB-663332-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coin-freed apparatus for the delivery of foodstuffs
IPC: G07F11/20
Filed: 1949-09-02
Abstract: 663,332. Vending articles from piles. PAMMENT, F. T. Sept. 2, 1949. No. 22776/49. Class 27. Delivering articles stored in piles: sliding pushers.-The lowermost of a column of packets 18 of food contained in a magazine 19 rests on a slide 15. The slide 15 is carried by guides 16 and is pivoted at 14 to a slide 13 carrying a block 12 connected by a coupling 11 to coin freed manually operated means for moving the slides 13, 15. As these slides are moved to the left the block 12 engages the lowermost packet 18 to move it with the slide 15 and passes under the magazine 19 to support the next packet. When the slide 15 reaches the end of the guides 16 the weight of the packet 18 causes it to turn about the pivot 14 so that the packet falls on to a platform 22 projecting into a delivery shoot 20 and moving with the slide 13. A blade spring 17 mounted on the slide 13 between the guides 16 then raises the unloaded slide 15 and the slides may be returned to the left together with the platform 22 so that the packet on the platform 22 falls down the shoot 20 and a further packet rests on the slide 15.
Patent GB-480331-A (GB)
Title: An improved device for making bifocal glasses
IPC: G02C7/06
Filed: 1936-08-19
Abstract: 480,331. Grinding lenses. WERNICKE, F. W. 0., and MULLER, B. R., (trading as WERNICKE & CO. MASCHINENFABRIK). , Aug. 19, 1936, No. 22839. Convention date, Oct. 30, 1935. [Class 60] [Also in Group XX] In apparatus for grinding bifoca spectacle lenses having a substan tially straight dividing line be tween the " reading " and "distance '' portions, the lenses a arc carried on an annular or arcuate surface c movable relative to a rotary grinding tool b arranged sc that its working marginal edge coincides with the dividing line y. Either the tool or surface c may be moved during grinding. In a modification the lenses are carried on the inside of a closed annular surface, the tool also being located inside the annulus. Alternatively short arcuate support surfaces, either convex or concave, may be employed.
Patent GB-982759-A (GB)
Title: Carbon products with a predetermined distribution of pores
IPC: C04B38/00
Filed: 1962-06-14
Abstract: Carbon bodies of predetermined porosity are obtained by baking or graphitizing a grist of carbonaceous particles having the following particle size distribution:  (i) 90% by weight of the particles with diameter greater than a;  (ii) 50-70% by weight of the particles with diameter greater than b;  (iii) 15% by weight of the particles having diameter between b and 20b; where a has a value between 0.03 and 1500 microns, and b a value between 3a and 10a, preferably between 5a and 7a.  The grain size mixture is obtained by grinding, sieving and air selection methods, plus a mixing operation. The baked or graphitized body may be impregnated with e.g. pitch, thermosetting or thermoplastic materials, rebaked and regraphitized. The carbon article produced has at least 80% of the total volume of open pores comprised of pores having a range of diameters between the initially determined values of a and b.