Patent GB-744177-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of colour effects in synthetic thermoplastic material
IPC: D06Q1/08
Filed: 1953-03-26
Abstract: Yarns, woven or unwoven fabrics, knitted goods, films, foils, and other articles of synthetic thermoplastic substances consisting of linear macromolecules containing in the main chain thereof atoms in addition to carbon, are embossed at a temperature within the range of 30-60 DEG  C. below the melting point of the thermoplastic substance (after having applied to the articles a heat-transferring agent which is liquid at the embossing temperature and which does not have an appreciable swelling or degrading action on the thermoplastic substance at room temperature), and the articles so treated are subsequently dyed, whereby pattern-like colour effects, due to local increase of the dye affinity in the embossed areas, are obtained. The synthetic thermoplastic substance may be a polyamide or a polyester such as a condensation product of adipic acid with hexamethylene diamine, or a polymer of amino caproic acid, or a reaction product of an organic isocyanate with an organic polyhydroxy compound.  It may be a polymeric ethylene glycol terephthalate.  The material to be treated may contain, in addition to the thermoplastic substance of the kind defined, synthetic substances of other kinds, resins, cellulose or cellulose derivatives, proteins, or glass or other inorganic compounds in the form of fibres or as binding or finishing agents.  The heat-transferring agent may be an organic polyhydroxy compound or derivative thereof, or a high-boiling oil or fat, or a compound containing amino or amido groups, e.g. it may be ethylene glycol, glycerol, urea, or di- or triethanolamine. It may be applied by padding, spraying, spreading, or printing. It may be applied in undiluted form or diluted with a low-boiling solvent which is removed by evaporation prior to embossing. Softening agents, anti-static agents, and dyeing auxiliaries may be applied together with the heattransferring agent.  In an example, a fabric of nylon (m.p. about 240 DEG  C.) is padded with an aqueous solution containing 30 per cent by weight of urea and then dried at 60 DEG  C. The fabric is embossed on a two-bowl calender, the upper bowl having an engraved pattern and having a surface temperature of 195 DEG  C. The fabric is rinsed and then dyed with an acid dyestuff.  The embossed areas are dyed in a deeper shade than the rest of the fabric.  The embossed areas also have a glossy appearance in contrast with the rest of the fabric.  Fabric of "Terylene" (Registered Trade Mark) of melting point about 240 DEG  C. is treated with triethanolamine and then embossed at 210 DEG  C. It is subsequently washed and dyed with an acetate dyestuff, deeper shades being produced on the glossy embossed areas.  A nylon fabric is treated with triethanolamine, embossed at 195 DEG  C. and dyed with an acid dyestuff.  It is then dyed in a second bath with an acetate dyestuff of a different colour.  A two-colour effect is thus obtained.  A sateen fabric with a cotton warp and a weft of a polyamide made from e -amino-caproic acid and of melting point about 210 DEG  C. is treated with triethanolamine and embossed at 170-180 DEG  C., the fabric being fed through the embossing calender so that the weft side of the sateen faces the hot calender bowl.  The fabric is then dyed with an acid dyestuff, a deeper shade being formed on the embossed areas.  The fabric may then be dyed in a second bath with a direct dyestuff in presence of a resist for the polyamide so as to obtain patterned two-colour effects.ALSO:Yarns, woven or unwoven fabrics, knitted goods, films, foils, and other articles of synthetic thermoplastic substances consisting of linear molecules containing in the main chain thereof atoms in addition to carbon, are embossed at a temperature within the range of 30 DEG -60 DEG C. below the melting point of the thermoplastic substance (after having applied to the articles a heat transferring agent which is liquid at the embossing temperature and which does not have an appreciable swelling or degrading action on the thermoplastic substance at room temperature), and the articles so treated are subsequently dyed, whereby pattern-like colour effects, due to local increase of the dye affinity in the embossed areas, are obtained.  The synthetic thermoplastic substance may be a polyamide or a polyester such as a condensation product of adipic acid with hexamethylene diamine, or a polymer of amino caproic acid, or a reaction product of an organic isocyanate with an organic polyhydroxy compound. It may be a polymeric ethylene glycol terephthalate.  The material to be treated may contain, in addition to the thermoplastic substance of the kind defined, synthetic substances of other kinds, resins, cellulose or cellulose derivatives, proteins, or glass or other inorganic compounds in the form of fibres or as binding or finishing agents. The heat-transferring agent may be an organic polyhydroxy compound or derivative thereof, or a highboiling oil or fat, or a compound containing amino or amido groups, e.g., it may be ethylene glycol, glycerol, urea, or di- or triethanolamine.  It may be applied by padding, spraying, spreading, or printing.  It may be applied in undiluted form or diluted with low-boiling solvent which is removed by evaporation prior to embossing.  Softening agents, anti-static agents, and dyeing auxiliaries may be applied together with the heat-transferring agent.  In an example, a fabric of nylon (m.p. about 240 DEG C.) is padded with an aqueous solution containing 30 per cent by weight of urea and then dried at 60 DEG C.  The fabric is embossed on a two-bowl calender, the upper bowl having an engraved pattern and having a surface temperature of 195 DEG C.  The fabric is rinsed and then dyed with an acid dyestuff.  The embossed areas are dyed in a deeper shade than the rest of the fabric.  The embossed areas also have a glossy appearance in contrast with the rest of the fabric.  Fabric of "Terylene" (Registered Trade Mark) of melting point about 240 DEG C. is treated with triethanolamine and then embossed at 210 DEG C.  It is subsequently washed and dyed with an acetate dyestuff, deeper shades being produced on the glossy embossed areas.  A nylon fabric is treated with triethanolamine, embossed at 195 DEG C. and dyed with an acid dyestuff.  It is then dyed in a second bath with an acetate dyestuff of a different colour.  A two-colour effect is thus obtained.  A sateen fabric with a cotton warp and a weft of a polyamide made from e -amino-caproic acid and of melting point about 210 DEG C. is treated with triethanolamine and embossed at 170180 DEG C., the fabric being fed through the embossing calender so that the weft side of the sateen faces the hot calender bowl.  The fabric is then dyed with an acid dyestuff, a deeper shade being formed on the embossed areas.  The fabric may then be dyed in a second bath with a direct dyestuff in presence of a resist for the polyamide so as to obtain patterned two-colour effects.