Patent GB-191009186-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Apparatus for Indicating the Conditions of Combustion in Boiler and other Furnaces, and the like.
Inventor: LOMSCHAKOW ALEXEI
IPC: G01N7/04
Filed: 1910-04-15
Granted: 1911-01-19
Abstract: 9186. Lomschakow, A. April 15. Dials and scales; index hands; indicating particular readings; recording by coordinates; integrating.-In gasanalysing apparatus, more especially adapted for use in connexion with furnaces, comprising a number of gasmeters with interposed absorption vessels, the indicating and registering means connected up to certain of the meter shafts is disconnected and returned to initial position after a definite volume of gas has passed through one of the meters in the series. The apparatus can be arranged to indicate and record the proportions of carbonic acid and nitrogen in furnace gases, and also the value of the fraction a = N/N-3À772O where N and O are respectively the volumes of oxygen and nitrogen in the gases under treatment. The apparatus in certain forms furnishes indications concerning the waste heat and may be adapted to actuate signals when any of the values recorded deviates abnormally from that economically most advantageous. In the form shown in Fig. 1 with two gas-meters A, B, a pulley-disk 4 is driven from the shaft 1 of the meter A through a spindle 2, which is held in contact with the shaft 1 by a spring. The spindle is moved out of engagement with the meter shaft at intervals, to allow the disk to return to its initial position under the influence of a weight 8, by a cam-disk 7 on the shaft 5 of the meter B. The indications may be read by a pointer 13, or preferably a record is made on a moving band 11 by a marking-point attached to the cord 9 of the weight 8. The band may be printed so that the proportions of gas absorbed can be read from the positions of the ends of the lines. The band is driven either uniformly or from the meter B. For recording the value of a, the gases are freed from carbonic acid and passed through a gasmeter A for example, and then, after removal of the oxygen, the remaining gases are measured in the meter B. This gives the volumes of nitrogen and oxygen for a fixed volume of nitrogen, and hence the variable oxygen volume O can be obtained. By suitably graduating the scale or ruling the drum the value N/3À772 - O can be obtained, and this gives the denominator of the required fraction. A modified arrangement is described in which the meter shafts are at right-angles and a recording-drum is driven by worm-gearing from one of the meters. In another arrangement the disk 4 is driven from the meter through a train of wheels so that the graduations may be larger. When adapted for indicating proportions of carbonic acid, oxygen, and nitrogen, three meters A<0>, A, B, Fig. 17, are employed, and the mechanisms of the N + O and N meters are released after a constant volume of the products of combustion has been measured by the meter A<0>. The scales in this case are marked on sectors 35, 36, and the indicators are read off by means of a cord 29. For indicating the value of a a pointer 30 is provided and driven at a speed proportional to the speed of the disk 6 in the ratio 4À772 : 3À772. A number proportional to the denominator of the fraction alpha can be read off by means of the pointer 30 on the scale c. In another arrangement, Fig. 20, records are made on a drum 37 carried by the disk 4 by a fixed or movable pencil not shown. The drum is moved on a step after both drum and disk have been returned to their initial positions by a cage pinion 40. The disk 4 and the drum are coupled by a lever 42, which is normally pressed against the drum by a spring 43, but is released to allow independent movement of the drum by a cam 39. In this modification, the marking- point may be carried by the arm of a recording- thermometer, and the amount of waste heat can be calculated from the values of alpha and the temperatures. The pencil may be arranged to oscillate quickly at the end of each registering period to mark more sharply the value attained. In the modification, Fig. 24, the disk 4 is replaced by a slide 46, which is moved in a pivoted frame 47 by a wheel 2<1> on the shaft 1 of the meter A. The slide is connected to pulleys 49, 50, the latter of which carries a pointer 52 moving over a scale 51, and is returned to zero position when the frame 47 is moved by the cam disk. To sound alarms pairs of contacts k, l, k<1>, l<1>, are provided and under abnormal conditions these are bridged by a conductor 8 connected up with and operated by the gas-meter shafts to complete circuits through electric bells 57, 58. In another arrangement, the contacts are arranged on two arcs, and the circuits are completed by rotary arms.