baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1111411-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of titanium dioxide
Inventor: WIGGINTON RAYMOND JAMES
IPC: C01B13/28
Filed: 1964-06-03
Abstract: TiO2 is prepared by introducing TiCl4 vapour, preheated to up to 500 DEG  C., into a reaction chamber, simultaneously with, but separate from, a stream of oxidizing gas at least part of which is heated to 2500 DEG -3500 DEG  C. by igniting a turbulent stream of the oxidizing gas and a fuel gas to form a flame across which is established a distributed electric discharge, the oxidizing gas and TiCl4 being mixed such that a turbulent stream is formed and such that if no reaction were to take place the temperature would be at least 700 DEG  C., and introducing into the said turbulent stream an inert particulate refractory material as described in the parent Specification 1,049,282.  The oxidizing gas streams may be preheated by passing through a distributed electric discharge, or to 600-1000 DEG  C. by heat exchange with a metal surface.  Salts of metals having low ionization potentials may be added to the gases before subjecting them to the discharge. The fuel gas may be town gas, CO, C2H2 or benzene and the oxidizing gas may be O2, O3 or O2 and an inert gas e.g. air.  The particulate material e.g. sand may be introduced as a suspension in a part of the oxidizing gas, and is carried out with the product oxide from which it is separated after cooling by e.g. quenching at below 900 DEG  C.  A tubular apparatus is described into which the TiCl4 is introduced through a circumferential slot, and the discharge is formed between a copper tubular electrode, through which the gases pass, and either a probe electrode or a tubular electrode which may be water-cooled, placed therein.
Patent GB-362351-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in microscopes
IPC: G02B21/00
Filed: 1930-07-31
Abstract: 362,351. Microscopes. BHARADE, B. S., 23, Hansapuri Circle, Nagpur, India. July 31, 1930, No. 23106. [Class 97 (i).] A hand microscope comprises an eyepiece structure mounted on a base adapted to be held in the hand or to receive a handle, the base carrying a frame which is adjustable in the direction of the axis of the instrument and the frame carrying a slide holder which is adjustable in two directions at right-angles to each other relatively to the frame. The microscope body consists of concentric tubes 1, 2, the latter carrying the eyepiece 3 and the tube 1 being secured to a base 10 of rectangular section. The nose-piece 4 carrying the objective is mounted in a plate 8 which is secured to the tube 1 and is adapted to engage over the base 10. Slidably mounted in the base is a stem 11 to the forward end of which is secured a frame 15 in which is mounted a carriage 16 which is adjustable vertically in the frame by means of a screw 25. Mounted within the carriage 16 and capable of transverse adjustment therein is a support 18 for the slide-carrier 19. A stem 20 integral with the carrier 19 carries a cruciform index 21 marked with a rectangular graticule, Fig. 2, and the upper part of the frame 15 is provided with a rectangularly-divided chart 30, Fig. 5, illuminated by a lamp 29. The chart and index are viewed through a lens 9 mounted on the plate 8, the observer being thus enabled to know which part of the slide 19a is being examined. The central part of the frame 15 is provided with a lamp 26 which, in conjunction with an iris diaphragm 27 and condenser 28, serves for illuminating the slide. The slide is brought into focus by the usual adjusting-screws 12, 13 and a mirror 31 may be provided on the frame 15 to enable the focusing adjustment to be observed. The base 10 may be pivoted to a handle which may have therein a cavity adapted to contain a dry cell for the lamps, or the spare eyepiece or both.
Patent GB-707252-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to devices for suspending articles from flanged beams and likemembers
IPC: E21F17/02
Filed: 1951-10-04
Abstract: 707,252. Suspending cables. STEELE, A.B. Oct. 2, 1952 [Oct. 4, 1951], No. 23108/51. Class 36 [Also in Group XXV] Hook devices for suspending loads, e.g. electric cables, from profile bars such as flanged girders, comprise laterally spaced hooks 14, 21, Figs. 1 and 2, engaging one flange and bearing against the girder between the flanges at 23. The hooks are made from round wire and one hook is formed into an eye 17 welded to the other at 22, both links being welded to a lead support 19. The eye is well spaced from the girder and receives a hook bolt 10 at an angle to the flange of about fifteen degrees. A conical washer and nut 24 effect the clamping. The end of the bolt may be burred over to prevent withdrawal of the nut and a collar 26 may be provided to prevent withdrawal of the bolt from the eye 17. The outside of the hook of the bolt 10 may be reinforced by building up weld metal. In a modification the eye 17 is a separate ring welded to both hook shanks, and in this form both hooks may be formed from a single piece of wire bent to U-shape to receive the ring 32, Fig. 5, the load-supporting member being welded on at 33. If the ring be a close fit for the bolt the collar 26 will not be needed. In a further form a single hook is used and lateral stability is obtained by welding a pad on the shank at the bearing point 23. The eye may be located at the bearing point to provide stability and the end of the shank may be formed into a load carrying hook. In further modifications three point bearing against the girder is obtained at 46, Fig. 10, and by the ends of a bent member 45 welded to the eye, and the hook may be formed from strip metal 49, Fig. 11, with a hole 51 for the hook bolt and an eye 52 for the load.
Patent GB-641936-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to television systems
IPC: H04N5/257
Filed: 1946-08-02
Abstract: 641,936. Automatic control systems for television. ,CINEMA-TELEVISION, Ltd., and GRAHAM, G. E. G. Aug. 2, 1946, No. 23123. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Groups XL (a) and XL (b)] In television apparatus the positional accuracy of the scanning spot which analyses or synthesises a picture is controlled by comparing the pattern formed by the lines traversed by the scanning spot with a separate " master " pattern comprising lines or members corresponding to the desired pattern of scanning lines so that by means of said comparison any divergence of the scanning spot from its true position is automatically corrected. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 an object 4 is scanned by a beam produced by a cathode-ray tube 2 and picture signals are generated in a photo-electric cell 5. The scanning raster is projected by a lens 6 on to a grid 7. having opaque lines corresponding to the lines scanned, the arrangement being that when the scanning spot is in its correct position the output from a cell 8 is such that the amplifier .9 does not produce any correcting signal. When the scanning spot deviates on either side of its correct position an appropriate correcting signal is fed to the deflecting plates of the cathode-ray tube. The arrangement applied to a receiver, Fig. 3 (not shown), is generally similar and includes the feature that the gain of the correcting amplifier is varied inversely as the intensity of the reproducing spot so that the picture signal modulations are not effective to apply scanning corrections. In a further modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), applicable to colour reproduction using three cathode-ray tubes producing red, green and blue images in sequence, the scanned raster of the different tubes is projected via the master pattern and a reflector on to a photo-electric cell arranged to be equally responsive to light of the different colours. The amplifier producing the correcting signals is switched in succession to the deflecting plates of the tubes so that a correcting signal, if necessary, is applied to the appropriate tube. In a further modification, Fig. 5, the correcting signal is applied to the grid of the valve 3 whose output is connected to a load resistance R1 and to the cathode of the tube 1 so that the position of the beam is corrected by the variation of its velocity. The resistance R1 is in series with a resistance R2 shunted by an auxiliary focussing coil 4 so that the focussing effect is decreased with decrease of the accelerating voltage and vice versa.
Patent GB-725776-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to windshield washers
IPC: B60S1/52
Filed: 1953-08-21
Abstract: 725,776. Windscreen washers. FORD MOTOR CO., Ltd. Aug. 21, 1953 [Aug. 21, 1952], No. 23134/53. Class 138 (1). In a windscreen washer installation Fig. 1, a die-cast member 21 is mounted on the vehicle cowl 11 by having an opening 23 Fig. 2 which receives the housing 14 for a wiper shaft 16. The member 21 is secured in position by a nut 22 engaging the outer end of the housing 14. Within a boss 24 on the member 21 is formed a threaded hole 26 Fig. 3 connecting at one end to a bore 28 and opening at its other end into an end wall 27 of the boss. A slot 34 formed in the wall of the boss intersects the threaded hole 26 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A screw 36 having a shank 38 is received within the hole 26 and has an axial bore 39 which communicates with the interior of the hole 26 and also by means of a radial port 41, Fig. 2, with the peripheral surface of the shank 38. The screw 36 may be adjusted so that the port 41 is aligned with the slot 34 or so that the port 41 is blocked by the interior wall of the hole 26. Liquid under pressure may be supplied from a source not shown and rubber hose 33 to a brass tube 32 brazed in the bore 28. According to the adjustment of the screw 26 and thus the port 41 within the limits of the slot 34, the liquid may be directed at various angles on to the windscreen 12. In the event of the vehicle not being provided with a windscreen washer the screw is adjusted so that the port 41 is out of alignment with the slot 34 and so that the bore 39 is plugged.
Patent GB-904974-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in expanding wedge type cable or bolt anchor
IPC: E21D21/00
Filed: 1961-06-27
Abstract: 904,974. Ground anchors. PETER, H. June 27, 1961, No. 23135/61. Class 45. An anchor adapted for securing in a drill hole 45 having a shoulder 47 includes a tension member 2 having a wedge 6 secured to its innermost end, coacting wedge shaped segments 9 mounted for free sliding movement on the wedge and adapted for radial expansion as the wedge 6 and the segments 9 are moved relative to each other in one direction to create gripping engagement with the wall of the drill hole, a tapered collar 35 slidably mounted on the tension member 2 and urged between the segments 9 by a spring 34 having an abutment 25 secured to the tension member 2, means for binding the outer ends of segments 9, and means for releasing the binding means. As shown, the outer ends of the segments are bound by a length of wire 55 that passes around a cartridge 52 which is electrically detonated when the anchor is in the position shown in Fig. 1. The wire 55 breaks allowing the springs 34 to urge the collar 35 between the segments so that they grip the wall of the hole 45 by means of the teeth 12. Pull upon the cable 2 then causes the wedge 6 to be drawn into the segments 9 so as to snap a wire 50, which bound the inner ends of the segments and cause the latter to grip the sides of the hole 45,
Patent GB-1104806-A (GB)
Title: Contact material for treatment of olefinic compounds
IPC: B01J29/064
Filed: 1965-05-31
Abstract: Olefinic esters, halides or ethers are made by reacting an olefinic compound having C2- 12, a carboxylic acid or a hydroxyl-containing organic compound in the vapour phase at 100-600 DEG  F. in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of (a) an alkali or alkaline earth metal zeolite, (b) between 0.1 and 15% of a platinum group metal salt and if desired, (c) between 1 and 30% of a transition metal halide in its highest valency state or Cu++ or Hg++ halide. In Example 2, vinyl chloride and acetic acid are reacted to yield vinyl acetate, acetaldehyde, ethylidene diacetate and acetal. In Example 6, ethylene and ethanol are reacted to yield ethyl vinyl ether, diethyl acetal, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate.  In Example 7, vinyl chloride and ethanol yield vinyl ethyl ether.  In Example 9, ethylene and acetic acid yield vinyl acetate and acetaldehyde.  In Example 11, ethylene is converted to vinyl chloride.  Numerous examples of reactants are specified.ALSO:A catalyst consists essentially of (a) an alkali or alkaline earth metal zeolite in which the atoms of metal, aluminium, silicon and oxygen are arranged in a substantially uniform chrystalline pattern, the pores of which have a substantially uniform diameter, (b) between 0.1 and 15% of a platinum group metal salt distributed on the external surface of the zeolite and (c) if present between 1 and 30% of a halide of a dissimilar metal which is a transition metal having a variable valence and which is present in its highest oxidation state or a Cu\sW\sW or a Hg\sW\sW halide.  Alternatives for component (c) are Fe\sW\sW\sW, Cr\sW\sW\sW, W5\sW.  Example 1 describes the preparation of a catalyst consisting of PdCl2 on a Linde 13-X sodium zeolite support and example IX PdCl2, CuCl2 on a similar support.  Redox reactions occur and the catalysts may be regenerated in situ by oxidation.
Patent GB-301778-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of metal carbonyls
IPC: C01G1/04
Filed: 1927-09-05
Abstract: 301,778. Johnson, J. Y., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Sept. 5, 1927. Metal carbonyls.-In forming metal carbonyls by reaction of carbon monoxide upon metals obtained by reduction, substances containing metals or lower metal oxides are treated to render them reactive towards carbon monoxide by submitting them first to oxidation, for example, by heating with oxygen, air, water, carbon dioxide &c. and then to reduction which may be carried out under pressure. The oxidation and reduction may be repeated. In examples, the treatment is described of scrap iron in the form of turnings, hammer scale consisting mainly of ferrosoferric oxide, and the residual nickel which remains after repeated alternate treatment with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and which can no longer be activated by treatment with hydrogen.
Patent GB-204323-A (GB)
Title: An improved tyre gripping device
IPC: B60C15/028
Filed: 1923-09-18
Abstract: 204,323. Deleon, L. J. B. F. Sept. 23, 1922, [Convention date]. Tyre attachments to rims.-The edges of a tyre cover are clamped in engagement with the rim flanges by an open ring B which may be of V-section as shown, or mav be formed of resilient metal rope, and is drawn down to the rim bv radial bolts D fitted with coned nuts F. The bolts are screwed into nipples C integral with the ring B passed through apertures in the rim base. Leather washers may be fitted under the nuts F.
Patent GB-1463276-A (GB)
Title: Fluid dispensing structures
IPC: A01G25/02
Filed: 1975-05-29
Abstract: 1463276 Dispensing fluids for irrigation WESTATES SPACE-ERA PRODUCTS Inc 29 May 1975 [29 July 1974] 23430/75 Heading A1D [Also in Division B2] A naturally-flat tube 12 (Fig. 2) and 12' (Fig. 4) is fitted at spaced intervals along its length with flow control shanks 22, 22' slidable in holes 18, 18' and provided with outlet grooves 28, 28', so that water supplied to the tube 12, 12' for discharge through the grooves 28, 28' inflates the tube 12, 12' and thereby causes a wiping action between the edges of the holes 18, 18' and the shanks 22, 22'. Each flow control shank 22, 22' may be metal, or a polymer incorporating an inhibitor of algal or fungal growth. The polymer tube 12, 12', or the shank 22, 22' may also incorporate a solid lubricant. To compensate for pressure drop along the tube 12, 12' either the spacing of the holes 18, 18' along the tube 12, 12' is non-uniform or the spacing is uniform but the grooves 28, 28' vary in cross-section along their lengths. The grooves 28, 28' may be straight. The pressure of the water supplied to the tube 12, 12' is varied by manual or timer operation of a valve or pump, to obtain the wiping action between the shanks 22, 22' and holes 18, 18'.
Patent GB-406646-A (GB)
Title: A new process for the preparation of phenols from alkali arylsulphonates
IPC: C07C37/055
Filed: 1932-08-22
Abstract: Phenols are prepared by hydrolysing phenates in the fused, pasty or powdered condition in a practically dry state by passing a current of steam through the mass which is maintained at a temperature of 280 DEG --370 DEG  C., whereby the phenol is carried off. Efficient temperature control, for example by means of a liquid bath or a saturated steam or gas heated to a determined temperature, and the passage of steam through the reacting mass, are essential conditions for successful working.  The known phenol fusion processes may be modified to yield good results; thus a current of steam is passed through a fused mixture of 1 molecular proportion of alkali arylsulphonate and 1--1.7 molecular proportions of a caustic alkali maintained throughout the operation at between 280 DEG --370 DEG  C. Proceeding in this way it is found possible to effect a reaction involving equimolecular proportions of sulphonate and alkali, and that avoidance of alkali much in excess of this ratio is advantageous.  A ratio of 1 molar proportion of arylsulphonate to 1--1.3 molar proportion of alkali gives best results; a normal fusion of 1 molar proportion of sulphonate to 2 molar proportions of alkali may first be effected and then 0.65--1 molar proportion of sulphonate added while steam is passed through under the stated conditions.  In addition, 1 molecular proportion of alkali arylsulphonate and 1--1.3 of alkali phenate may be reacted under the stated conditions to give a condensate containing a good yield of phenol.  The term "phenols" is used broadly, including such bodies as cresols, xylenols, naphthols.  In examples: (1) sodium phenate is heated externally by a fused metal bath to 370 DEG  C. and steam passed through while stirring; (2) a mixture of 1 molar proportion of benzene sulphonate and 1.5 molar proportions of caustic soda is similarly treated at 360 DEG  C. and liberation of the final quantity of phenol facilitated by passing a little acid (carbonic acid) with the steam; further examples illustrate the treatment of a sodium benzene sulphonate-sodium hydroxide mixture (1 : 1-2) under the same conditions, or employing several units of an apparatus such as described in (1) above; an equimolecular mixture may be heated in a horizontally inclined cylinder movable round its axis (which is also movable), to 300--370 DEG  C. while passing in steam at one end, the mass being kept stirred; or steam is passed through a fused mixture of sulphonatealkali (1 : 2) while adding a further molar proportion of alkali benzene sulphonate; (3) further examples illustrate the treatment of a sodium benzene sulphonate-sodium phenate mixture (1 : 1.2) at 350--370 DEG  C., a sodium p-toluenesulphonate-caustic soda mixture (1 : 1.2) at 280--370 DEG  C., and a sodium naphthalene sulphonate-caustic soda mixture (2 : 1) at 270--325 DEG  C., in the latter case a further molar proportion of naphthalenesulphonate being introduced during the reaction.  The prior art is referred to.
Patent GB-1294068-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rotary moulding machines
Inventor: GUILLAUD MICHEL PIERRE CYRILLE
IPC: B29C33/06
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1294068 Rotary moulding machines SOC D'ETUDES ET DE CONSTRUCTION DE MATERIEL ELECTRIQUE ET RADIOELECTRIQUE 19 April 1971 [10 March 1970] 23524/71 Heading B5A [Also in Division H5] A rotary mould 13 comprises an induction heating coil 18 arranged closely around its outer surface so that the mould can be easily fitted into or removed from the coil. The mould is rotatably mounted in a frame 2 by means of detachable trunnions 12, 14 so that it can be driven about an axis Y-Y<SP>1</SP> by a motor 16, and the frame 2 is mounted on shafts 3a, 3b supported by adjustable legs 5, 7, so that it can be rotated about an axis X-X<SP>1</SP> by a motor 8. The legs 5 can be moved on rails 22 to accommodate moulds of varying widths. The coil 18 is arranged as a sheath with a shape corresponding to the mould, bounded by two planes parallel to the axis of rotation of the mould, and disposed mainly on one side of the trunnions 12, 14. The materal of the coils can be hollow (Fig. 5, not shown) so that a cooling fluid can be circulated through them. If necessary perforations (11), Fig. 5, can be directed towards the mould so that when heating is discontinued, a cooling fluid can act on the mould. The mould can be lined with a metal having a higher thermal conductivity than the mould proper. An external lining of anodized aluminium film can be applied to prevent heat losses by conduction. The coil 18 can be surrounded by a magnetic circuit secured to the frame 2 to channel the lines of flux generated by the coil. Copper plates 21 can be disposed along the mould portions likely to absorb the greater part of the heat energy.
Patent GB-1141597-A (GB)
Title: Photomechanical printing processes and materials therefor
IPC: C09B23/06
Filed: 1966-05-26
Abstract: 1,141,597. Photographic processes and materials. EASTMAN KODAK CO. May 26,1966 [May 28,1965], No. 23529/66. Addition to 978, 744. Headings G2C and G2M. A photo-sensitive material comprises a support coated with a layer containing a silver halide tanning developer and a hardened and unfogged gelatino silver halide emulsion layer containing a benzimidazole or oxacarbocyanine sensitizing dye. The dye may be of the formulae: wherein R, R 1  and R 2  are alkyl or substituted alkyl, R 3  is hydrogen, alkyl with up to 4 carbon atoms or aryl, R 4  and R 5  are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl substituted amino, carbomethoxy, carboethoxy, aryl or substituted aryl, Y is sulphur, oxygen, selenium, or -NZ is=C#<SP>R6</SP> R7  or=N-R 8  where R 6  - R 8  are alkyl with up to 4 carbon atoms and X<SP>-</SP> is an anion, and including dyes which are inner salts. The silver halide emulsion may be a direct positive emulsion or be overcoated with a fogged silver halide emulsion. The developer and/or the emulsion layer may be hardened with formaldehyde. The material is imagewise exposed and treated with alkali to produce a planographic printing plate. In the examples, a support is coated with hardened gelatine layer containing a tanning developer and colloidal silver, overcoated with a hardened gelatine silver halide emulsion layer containing a sensitizing dye as specified above and top coated with a fogged gelatino silver halide emulsion. This is imagewise exposed, treated with alkali and fixed with acid to produce a negative planographic plate. Alternatively, the developer layer may contain silver halide and a merocyanine dye and be overcoated with a high-speed silver halide emulsion containing an oxacarbocyanine dye. On exposure and development with a conventional developer, a negative image is produced in the top layer. This material is then further exposed and treated with alkali to produce a tanned positive image in the lower layer so that on removal of the upper layer, a positive lithographic plate is produced. Alternatively, a direct positive emulsion may be used.
Patent GB-1101675-A (GB)
Title: Glass composition
Inventor: PLUMAT EMILE
IPC: C03C1/10
Filed: 1965-06-02
Abstract: A grey-coloured soda lime glass, or a silicate glass with at least 75% SiO2, includes as colouring agents, TiO2, Fe2O3 and CoO, or such oxides and MnO2, the oxides being present in proportions which do not exceed the following percentages by weight based on the total glass composition: TiO2 6%; Fe2O3 0.5%; CoO 0.01% and MnO2 (when present) 2.0%.  The soda lime glass has the following ranges of ingredients in percentages by weight:  .SiO2.67.0 to 72.0 .Na2O.13.0 to 15.0 .K2O.0.10 to 0.15 .CaO.7.50 to 9.00 .MgO.3.20 to 5.00 .Al2O3.0.5 to 3.00 .TiO2.2.0 to 6.00 .MnO2.0.0 to 2.00 .Fe2O3.0.05 to 0.50 .CoO.0.005 to 0.010  A number of examples are given, with batch mixtures.  The iron-oxide may be present as an impurity rather than a separate ingredient.