Patent GB-987755-A (GB)
Title: Treatment of textile materials
Inventor: GUEST DOROTHY JOYCE
IPC: D06M15/31
Filed: 1961-07-11
Abstract: Fabrics, e.g. cotton, wool, nylon and viscose rayon fabrics, are coated with a dispersion of polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer thereof in a mixture which is not a solvent for the polyacrylonitrile or copolymer thereof and contains 50-99,9% by weight of water and 0,1-50% by weight of an organic solvent for the polyacrylonitrile or copolymer thereof which is ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, butyrolactone or a mixture thereof, the water evaporated from the coated materials and the materials then heated in the presence of the organic solvent to improve their hand, dimensional stability, abrasion resistance and pilling resistance.  Suitable copolymers are those of acrylonitrile with acrylic or methacrylic acid or ethyl or butyl acrylate or methacrylate and graft copolymers of acrylonitrile with polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol or polymethacrylamide. The crease resistant properties of the fabrics may be improved by incorporating into the polymer dispersions resin precondensates, e.g. methylol or alkoxy methyl derivatives of urea, ethylene urea, triazines such as melamine, triazones or imidazolones, or crosslinking agents, e.g. formaldehyde.  The polymer dispersions may also contain high molecular weight compounds, e.g. water soluble salts of alginic acid, water soluble or dispersible cellulose derivatives and cationic polymers such as are prepared by the polymerization of diethylamino ethyl methacrylate and quaternized with dimethyl sulphate as resin migration inhibitors. The treatment may be effected at ordinary or elevated temperatures and the materials may then be dried, and heated, e.g. at 20-200  DEG C., and then washed.  Chemically modified cellulosic or proteinaceous fabrics, e.g. wool fabrics rendered shrink resistant by chlorination, may be treated.  The fabrics may subsequently be treated with polymers to improve their water, crease, pilling and abrasion resistant properties.ALSO:Textile materials e.g. cotton, wool, nylon and viscose rayon, are impregnated with a dispersion of polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer thereof in a mixture which is not a solvent for the polyacrylonitrile or copolymer thereof and contains 50-99.9% by weight of water and 0. 1-50% by weight of an organic solvent for the polyacrylonitrile or copolymer thereof which is ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, butyrolactone or a mixture thereof, the water evaporated from the impregnated materials and the materials then heated in the presence of the organic solvent to improve their hand, dimensional stability, abrasion resistance and pulling resistance.  Webs of fibres may be banded together to form non woven fabrics if pressure is applied during the heating step.  Suitable copolymers are those of acrylonitrile with acrylic or methacylic acid or ethyl or butyl acrylate or methacrylate and graft copolymers of acrylonitrile with polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol or polymethacrylamide.  The crease resistance properties of the textile materials may be improved by incorporating into the polymer dispersions resin precondensates, e.g. methylol or alkoxy methyl derivatives of urea, ethylene urea, triazines such as melamine, triazones or imidazolones, or crosslinking agents, e.g. formaldehyde. The polymer dispersions may also contain high molecular weight compounds, e.g. water soluble salts of alginic acid, water soluble or dispersible cellulose derivatives and cationic polymers such as are prepared by the polymerisation of diethylamino ethyl methacrylate and quaternised with dimethyl sulphate, as resin migration inhibitors. Impregnation may be effected at ordinary or elevated temperatures by spraying or immersion and the materials may then be dried and heated e.g. at 20 DEG -200 DEG C., and then washed. Chemically modified cellulosic or proteinaceous textile materials, e.g. wool fibres or fabrics rendered shrink resistant by chlorination, may be treated. The textile materials may subsequently be treated with polymers to improve their water, crease, pilling and abrasion resistant properties and in the case of proteinaceous fibres treated with setting agents, e.g. sodium bisulphite or ammonium thioglycollate, to confer durable pleating or to set the fabric in the flat state.