Patent RU-2733788-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for hydroponic growing of plants and device for its implementation
Inventor: GOLUBENKO MIKHAIL IVANOVICH
IPC: A01G31/02
Filed: 2020-03-04
Granted: 2020-10-06
Abstract: FIELD: agriculture. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to hydroponics. Method comprises placing plants between two channels in a vegetation tray, in which a portion of a divided into two parts root system of each plant is placed, supplying a nutrient solution and holding the root system of plants in air with changing the cycles of filling each tray. Water is supplied by drop-by-drop or flow irrigation method. Plants are placed in containers on the platform with arrangement of separated parts of root system on both sides of this platform in channels of vegetal tray. Platform is covered with a moisture-retaining material, above which containers with plants and separated parts of the root system are placed. As water-retaining material there used is rigid bottom and side walls of vegetation tray, above the bottom and side walls there fixed is low water-permeable filter made of geotextile material along entire perimeter of vegetation tray shape, which is closed from above rigid bottom and side walls of the vegetation tray. Tightly fixed with thin strips in the form of a plastic frame by means of fasteners, forming a closed cavity. Inner cavity is laid with uniform layer of solid manure granule of swine or bird droppings or sapropel or peat after their production with preservation of all components of natural origin for nutrition of root system of plants and containing nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. Simultaneously, cavities under layer of closed contour of low water-permeable geotextile material with nutrient components of natural origin are covered from above with uniform layer in form of granules of sorbent with its further swelling and water absorption, root system is cured after water is drained from inclined vegetation tray by means of permanent device in form of siphon. Device comprises a vegetation tray in which containers with plants are arranged along tray current and which is divided into two channels to accommodate one part of root system of plant in each of them. Two-channel tray has a raised cover, vertical distance from the middle part of the vegetation tray, on which a container with plants is installed, to the top of cover is 1.0–1.5 cm less than the height of the container. Vegetation tray is made as undeviating for formation of its equal filling by length and height with water; water supply into channels of the tray is performed by alternate activation of drop lines. Drain is performed by means of constantly operating siphon with starting mechanism made of polyethylene separate branch pipes with charging cup welded or put on one end from siphon branches located outside the vegetation tray. Branch pipes are interconnected by corrugated branch pipes; at that, the siphon pipe, which is placed in the tray, is shorter along the length than the external branch pipe of the siphon with the charging cup. After the siphon is drained and drained from the chute, the siphon branch pipe suction part with an end cut at angle of 45° is communicated with atmosphere and siphon is discharged. Mark of the siphon is made below the maximum filled water level in the tray and below the platform with the container placed on it. Side wall of the vegetation tray on the outer side has openings for fastening in them an additional short pipe from rubber connecting the corrugated branch pipes to each other. 
     EFFECT: invention increases intensity and length of formation of a strong root system of plants in hydroponic cultivation of plants with oxygen enrichment of the root system. 
     2 cl, 2 dwg