baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-876053-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to film and paper useful in photography
IPC: G03C1/775
Filed: 1956-09-04
Abstract: Polyester-containing compositions are prepared by refluxing succinic, adipic or phthalic acid with a molar excess of a mixture of ethylene glycol and a glycol mono-ether of the general formula CH3(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)m CH2CH2 OH, wherein n is 1, 2 or 3 and m has a value from 0-7, the refluxing being carried out with the removal of water and continued until at least about 90% of the theoretical amount of water based on total esterification of the dibasic acid has been removed.  Specified ethers are the mono-ethyl and mono-butyl ethers of diethylene glycol.  The polyesters may be used for coating paper or film in solution in water or in alcohol, in gelatin solutions which may also comprise a pigment such as baryta, a photographic silver halide or a commercial size containing ketene dimer or in aqueous solution containing the dimer size.  (see Groups IV(b), VIII and XX).ALSO:A mixture of esters is prepared by refluxing succinic, adipic or phthalic acid with a molar excess of a mixture of ethylene glycol and a glycol mono-alkyl ether of the general formula CH3(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)m CH2CH2OH, wherein n is 1, 2 or 3 and m has a value from 0 to 7, the refluxing being carried out with the removal of water until at least about 90% of the theoretical amount of water based on total esterification of the dibasic acid has been removed. The products are believed to comprise esters of the acids, polymerisation products of the esters and unchanged glycol and glycol ether.  In an example, a mixture of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and succinic acid is refluxed using p-toluene sulphonic acid as catalyst and benzene as a water entrainer the product is neutralised, extracted with benzene and vacuum distilled. Other ester mixtures are obtained from ethylene glycol, adipic or phthalic acid and the mono ethyl or butyl ether of diethylene glycol. The Provisional Specification describes esters of the above acids prepared in the same manner from the alkyl ethers alone.  The esters are used as plasticisers for gelatin in or on paper and film (see Groups VIII and XX).  Gelatine compositions comprise the above esters in aqueous or alcoholic solutions or dispersions containing gelatin and optionally a pigment such as baryta or a commercial size containing ketene dimer.  Specification 709,555 is referred to.ALSO:Foaming is prevented in gelatin solutions by means of the ester products obtained by refluxing succinic, adipic or phthalic acid with a molar excess of ethylene glycol and a glycol mono-alkyl ether of the general formula CH3 (CH2)n O (CH2CH2O)m\t CH2CH2OH, wherein n is 1, 2 or 3 and m has a value of 0 to 7, the refluxing being carried out with removal of water until at least about 90% of the theoretical amount of water based on total esterification of the acid has been removed.  According to the Provisional Specification, foaming may be prevented in solutions of spumous materials generally by means of the ester products and also the esters of the above acids and the mono alkyl ethers alone.
Patent GB-289709-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical insulators
IPC: H01B17/02
Filed: 1927-10-12
Abstract: 289,709. Pollak, J. E., (Hermsdorf- Schomburg-Isolatoren Ges.). Oct. 12, 1927. Insulators.-To prevent a headed insulator pin falling from the cavity in the body of a suspension insulator if the filling metal is melted by an arc, the insulator cavity is formed with a constricted throat, and a spring ring on the pin, cast in the cavity with the pin, is adapted to support the pin if the metal melts. As shown in Fig. 1, a spring ring F is mounted on a pin K to bear against the pin head K<1>, a washer S, preferably formed with a slit, being then mounted on the pin K to press against the ring F. A split pin or ring R secures the washer S in position. A metal M, such as lead, is then cast in to embed the pin and the securing devices. To facilitate casting'in the metal, the washer S is formed with serrated edges as shown in Fig. 2.
Patent GB-1169785-A (GB)
Title: Process and device for the Continuous Dyeing of Textiles
IPC: D06B19/00
Filed: 1967-06-13
Abstract: 1,169,785. Textile dyeing. VEPA A.G. 13 June, 1967 [25 June, 1966], No. 27134/67. Headings D1B and D1L. A continuous length of textile material of cotton or regenerated cellulose is dyed by passage through a padder 1 containing disperse and reactive or vat dyes, a predryer duct 3, a drying and heat setting chamber 4, a cooling chamber 6, a padder 7 containing hydrosulphite and caustic soda, a heated evacuated chamber 27, a steamer 8, ventilation chamber 9, rinsing and like devices 10-12, drier 13, and conditioning chamber 14. Heat setting may be effected by air or air/steam at 170-230‹C. It may be dispensed with when vat dye is used. Devices 4, 6 and 8-14 employ suction sieve drums over which the material is passed, for producing the suction draft and for circulating the steam as well as a device for generating saturated steam and an intake with a housing subjected to a suction draft which removes the air from the textile materials before they enter the streams.
Patent GB-773872-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric switching arrangements
Inventor: NEWHOUSE VERNON LEOPOLD
IPC: G11B5/02
Filed: 1952-10-29
Abstract: 773,872. Digital electric calculating-apparatus. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Oct. 16, 1953 [Oct. 29, 1952], No. 27153/52. Class 106 (1). [Also in Group XXXIX] The selective application of an alternating: signal from a pulse-controlled source ACS to one of the writing heads WH of a magnetic drum store may be controlled by the instruction staticizor device of an electronic computing machine in accordance with digital information represented by a train of pulses. A matrix of switching devices SM each comprising a transformer 40 having a normally high impedance (see Group XXXIX), control the application of alternating signals to the writing heads. By applying a control potential from the staticizor. to a selected row and a column tube in the tube groups Va-Vc and V1-V3 respectively, direct current is applied to a single switching device and the impedance of the constituent transformer is substantially lowered. The number of tubes may be reduced by using the cascaded arrangement shown in Fig. 3. In this embodiment the matrix comprises groups of four switching devices SH. The alternating signal is applied to one switching device only in each group by way of an antecedent stage comprising further switching devices controlled by column and row tubes VI-VII, Vα-V# respectively. Specification 707,634 is referred to.
Patent GB-1132688-A (GB)
Title: Plant for cleansing the exhaust air from several separators
IPC: B65G53/60
Filed: 1967-06-13
Abstract: 1,132,688. Centrifugal separators. MIAG MUHLENBAU UND INDUSTRIE G.m.b.H. 13 June, 1967 [13 July, 1966], No. 27157/67. Heading B2P. In an arrangement for cleaning the exhaust air from groups of separators forming part of suction conveying devices e.g. for grain mills, the exhaust air conduit 11 of one group I of separators is connected to the primary air inlet 1, and the exhaust air conduit 12 of another group II is connected to an auxiliary air inlet 2, of a rotary flow dust extractor 10. The clean air outlet 13 of the extractor 10 is connected to a fan 3 which discharges to atmosphere. An auxiliary fan 8 may be incorporated in the conduit 12. Alternatively, the conduits 11, 12 may each incorporate a fan.
Patent GB-635679-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to nozzles for hoses
IPC: B05B1/12
Filed: 1948-10-19
Abstract: 635,679. Spray-producers. CARTLIDGE, J. W. Oct. 19, 1948, No. 27158. [Class 69 (iii)] An adjustable spray nozzle of the type comprising an outer body 2 axially adjustable in relation to a hollow inner body 1 for varying the position of an outlet orifice 10 behind a flared mouth 3 of the outer body, and in which water enters the inner body at one end and leaves through openings in its wall just behind a spreader head 6, is characterized in that the openings 5 comprise longitudinally-elongated apertures arranged at an angle to the radial direction to whirl the water. The tubular body 1 receives a nut 20 within which threads a hose connection-piece 21 having ribs 26 and a sharp biting edge 22.
Patent GB-736983-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rotary drills for boring earth, rock, coal and like material
Inventor: HEALEY JOHN RAYMOND
IPC: E21B17/04
Filed: 1952-10-30
Abstract: 736,983. Drills. TUNGSTEN CARBIDE DEVELOPMENTS, Ltd. Oct. 29, 1953 [Oct. 30, 1952], No. 27305/52. Class 83 (3). A rotary rock &c. drill comprises a bit 11 having a hollow shank 12 inserted in the end of a hollow rod 10 having shoulders engaging the bit to rotate it, and a sealing member 18 engaging a groove in the shank 12 below a recess for a securing pin 14. The sealing member is of india rubber and is expanded against the inside of the rod 10 by the force of the flushing water.
Patent GB-1274430-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for threading web material into rotary printing presses
IPC: B41F13/06
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1,274,430. Feeding webs. SCHNELLPRESSENFABRIK KOENIG & BAUER A.G. 19 April, 1971 [30 April, 1970], No. 27342/71. Heading B8R. [Also in Division E1] Apparatus for threading webs through a rotary printing press (Fig. 1, not shown) comprises a carriage 151 running on a C-shaped rail 101 which is formed as a rack member with teeth 103 and which is associated with suitable crossing and branching arrangements (Figs. 8 and 9, not shown) so as to provide the necessary tracks for the various web paths. The carriage 151 is driven by an electric motor 154 via a worm 155 and a worm gear 156 which engages the teeth 103, the motor 154 being powered by a battery carriage 158 on which is mounted a gripper 161 for the web. The motor carriage may carry its own batteries and gripper (Fig. 2, not shown), or it may be supplied with current from a conductor rail (Fig. 3, not shown). Suitable forms of rail construction are described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5 (not shown). Adjustment of the crossing and branching arrangements to provide particular predetermined paths through the press may be effected manually, or automatically under the control of a setting device operated in response to information recorded on punched cards or similar program storage media.
Patent GB-1130426-A (GB)
Title: Continuous flow electrophoresis apparatus
IPC: G01N27/447
Filed: 1966-06-20
Abstract: 1,130,426. Electro-phoretic separation of substances. BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS Inc. June 20, 1966 [June 18, 1965; Feb.21, 1966], No.27422/66. Heading C7B. In an apparatus for separation of substances by continuous flow electro-phoresis comprising a pair of plates positioned in parallel relationship to define an electro-phoresis space, means for producing a flow of electrolyte through said space and means for injecting at a single point in said electrolyte a sample to be separated into its components, a source of D. C. power for applying an electrical potential gradient across said electrolyte to electro-phoretically separate said sample into component bands, the means for flowing said electrolyte in said electro-phoresis space comprising means for introduction of the electrolyte into the apparatus at a single point and means inter-connecting said electrolyte introduction point with the electro-phoresis space such that electrolyte flows through said space in parallel flow lines and with uniform velocity and pressure transverse of the direction of flow of said sheet. In the form shown (Fig. 1) plates 1, 2 are supported in parallel relationship by support arms 5, 5a to form electrophoresis space 3 to which electrolyte is supplied from a pipe 11, via a hopper 10 and a permeable member 12. The electrolyte and sample components flow from the space 3 on to a movable porous tape 24, the electrolyte passing through the tape and the components remaining thereon, or alternatively a single component may be withdrawn and collected upon a movable porous tape Fig. 6 (not shown). In a further embodiment (Fig. 9) the electro-phoresis space is formed with an apex into which electrolyte is supplied via inlet 59, the sample to be separated entering the space via inlet 60, a selected component being withdrawn via outlet 63 and the electrolyte and other sample components via outlet 62. The electrodes 56 are separated from the electro-phoresis space by ion-permeable membranes 52, e.g. ion-selective membranes. At least one of the plates may be made transparent to radiation Fig. 7 (not shown) such that radiation of a selected wavelength, e. g. light or ultraviolet radiation, from source (34) may be directed on to a selected component band, and radiation scattered thereby be collected by photocell (41) and the signal produced thereby be transmitted to an amplifying and recording device (43).
Patent GB-1508866-A (GB)
Title: Gypsum compositions for producing shaped articles
IPC: C04B28/14
Filed: 1975-06-30
Abstract: 1508866 Gyspum composition MITSUBISHI PETROCHEMICAL CO Ltd 30 June 1975 [1 July 1974] 27461/75 Heading C1H A gypsum composition comprises (i) 95 to 10 parts by weight of at least one of α-hemihydrate gypsum, #-hemihydrate gypsum or anhydrous gypsum II, (ii) hydraulic cement in a quantity sufficient to provide a total of 100 parts by weight of the cement and gypsum, (iii) 5 to 50 parts by weight of powder of a "hydrophilic colloidforming" inorganic material with an average particle size of up to 60 microns and (iv) 23-60 parts by weight water based on 100 parts by weight of the gypsum and hydraulic cement. The cement is defined as one which, on mixing into the gypsum composition, increases the strength thereof and may be Portland cement, iron cement, high early strength Portland cement, white cement and mixed cements, e.g. slag cement, pozzolanic cement and diatomaceous earth cement. The inorganic material may be a clay mineral, alumina, pyrolysed silica or hydrous aluminium silicate. In the composition may also be included fibrous reinforcement e.g. asbestos, glass fibre, rock wool, slag wool, synthetic fibres e.g. polyamide, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene fibre blended with an inorganic material, or plastic stretched articles such as plastic strip; fillers e.g. graphite, mica, calcite, silica sand, aluminium carbonate, titanium oxide, glass powder, sepiolite, attapulgite, red mud, rock wool powder, or light weight aggregates such as perlite, volcanic ash soil, expanded shale and vermiculite; colouring pigments or water-proofing agents.
Patent GB-341062-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to glow discharge tubes for amplifying, detecting and other purposes
IPC: B01D3/42
Filed: 1929-09-10
Abstract: 341,062. Discharge apparatus. SEIBT, G., 11, Hauptstrasse, and BLEY, H., 23, Bennigsenstrasse, both in Schoneberg, Berlin. Sept. 10, 1929, No. 27473. Convention date, Oct. 29, 1928. [Class 39 (i).] In a glow discharge tube for amplifying, detecting and generating currents in which a glow discharge takes place between two electrodes, the electrons pass to a second anode, which, looking in the direction from the cathode, lies behind the anode of the glow discharge, and are controlled by a controlling electrode, and the potential of the second anode with respect to the potential of the discharge electrodes, the nature and pressure of the gas and the general arrangement of the electrodes are such that the usual luminous glow discharge takes place only between the discharge electrodes whilst an electronic current which is as pure as possible takes place in the amplifying zone, which electronic current is not simply a straight line continuation of the glow current, but consists preponderantly of discharge particles which come from the edges of the path of the glow discharge. The discharge anode should screen the amplifying anode as much as possible and for that reason the cathode and the amplifying anode are of the same shape as the discharge anode. The discharge electrodes may be spaced about 3-5 mm. apart. The zone from which particles can be drawn into the amplifying zone should be as extensive as possible if a large amplification current is required. In order to reduce grid current, the controlling grid also should be screened as much as possible from the main discharge field, and for this reason the grid may comprise wires or bands, the surfaces of which are at right-angles to the discharge anode. Fig. 8 shows a practical form of construction in which the glow discharge takes place between a concentrically arranged cathode k and an anode a<1>. These electrodes are formed with strip-like slots which lie opposite each other. The amplifying anode a<2> is disposed at the centre and the controlling electrode s is in the form of a network of bands or wires which lie opposite the solid parts of the discharge anode a<1>. If a large amplification factor is required, the grid may be made more close, or as shown in Fig. 9, the controlling electrode may be constructed as a helix surrounding the amplifying anode. The gas used may be neon at a pressure of 6 mm. Specification 341,061 is referred to.
Patent GB-483233-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to paper feeding mechanism for statistical machines
Filed: 1936-10-10
Abstract: 483,233. Typewriters &c. THOMAS, A. Oct. 10, 1936, No. 27573. [Class 100 (iv)] Line-spacing mechanism; platen rotation for blanking.-In a paper-feeding mechanism for calculating machines comprising a driving member for the mechanism, which during its idle movement is caused to follow an actuating member having a constant stroke until connected by an adjustable stop placed in its path, and, during the return movement of the actuating member is picked up thereby and driven positively to affect a feed stroke. The stop is settable to arrest the driving member at any one of three or more predetermined positions during its idle movement, whereby the mechanism may be set to feed the paper to the extent of one, two, or more line spaces at each machine operation, and means is provided operable under the control of the total-taking mechanism of the machine to adjust the relative positions of the settable stop and the driving member in such a way as to increase the length of paper fed at a total-taking operation, whatever the original setting of the stop may be. The platen 2 is rotated from the gear wheel 4, preferably by a train of gearing including two interengaging concentric ratchet wheels. The wheel 4 is oscillated by a rack 3, carried by a flanged roller 15 and a pin 18, and is reciprocated against the action of a spring 8 by a pin 6 engaging an abutment 5. The pin 6 is carried by a disc 7, loose on the shaft 35 ; a second pin 9 on the disc is engaged at each machine cycle by an arm 36 fast to the shaft 35 and which is actuated in the manner described in Specification 483,234, [Group XIX]. by the link 37. To vary the paper feed the idle movement of the rack to the right and consequently the active return movement is limited by a stepped stop 12, which may be rocked by a handle 14 to present any one of the steps to a lug 10 on the rack. When a total is taken a shaft 86, on which an arm 19 carrying the pin 18 is secured, is rocked, so that the rack 3 is lowered to meet the next lower step on the stop 12 and to give a larger paper feed. Alternatively the rocking of the shaft 86 may be adapted to raise the stop 12, or to swing the stop in a horizontal plane so that the rack 3 misses it entirely, the length of its travel being limited by independent means. To inhibit the paper feed during an item-sensing cycle a slide 20 may be raised by a handle 24 so as to place an abutment 21 in engagement with a shoulder 23 on the disc 7. The ribbon feed which is driven from the gear wheel 4 is also inhibited and the printing hammers are restrained by a shutter 29 on an arm pivoted to the slide 20. During a total-taking operation the paper feed and other mechanisms are released by the pin 18 engaging a shoulder 20a on the slide 20. To permit lateral displacement or removal of the platen the drive may be transmitted by a square shaft and a square tube connected to the platen. Specification 461,612 is referred to in the Provisional and Specification 360,824 in the Complete Specification.
Patent GB-189611-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the purification of sewage
IPC: C02F3/12
Filed: 1921-10-18
Abstract: 189,611. Hartley, J. W., and Hartley, C. J. Oct. 18, 1921. Aerating.-Tanks for the activated-sludge system of treatment of the type comprising a plurality of straight parallel channels are so constructed that the sewage flows round a series of two or more semi-circular end bends radiating concentrically outwards from a comparatively small central bend, the outer wall of each bend forming the inner wall of the adjacent bend. The circulation of the sewage in the channels may be effected by paddles or the like as described in Specification 176,494. Fig. 1 shows one form of continuous or endless tank embodying the inven. tion and Fig. 2 a second, which takes a spiral form and is provided with paddles F, G, on axles connected by gearing H. Fig. 8 shows a, form comprising self-contained units S, U, W, Z with connecting weirs T, V, &c. Other arrangements of parallel channels with bends as described above are also shown. The side walls of the channels may be tapered in the vicinity of the paddles so as to increase the efficiency of the paddles.
Patent GB-849958-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in steam reactor system
IPC: F01K3/26
Filed: 1958-08-28
Abstract: 849,958. Nuclear power plant. NUCLEAR DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION OF AMERICA Aug. 28, 1958 [Sept. 9, 1957], No. 27635/58. Class 39(4). [Also in Groups XIII and XXVI] A nuclear reactor is cooled by superheating a vapour (e.g. steam). Part of the heated vapour is condensed in use and is then mixed with another part so as to be vaporised before entering the reactor again. The Figure shows a reactor 10 supplying superheated steam to turbines 15, 19 and to a mixing boiler 16. The condensate from the turbines is added to the boiler and the resulting steam fed back to the reactor. Heat is extracted from a fluid moderator (e.g. D 2 O) or moderator coolant at 39 by the condensate. A solid moderator such as graphite may be used. Alternatively part of the condensate may be passed through the reactor as a moderator or moderator coolant before going to the mixing boiler. Fuel elements for the reactor may consist of clusters of UO 2  rods in stainless steel cladding, mounted in zircalloy pressure tubes.
Patent GB-487198-A (GB)
Title: Improved metal-faced heat and sound insulating material
IPC: E04B1/80
Filed: 1937-10-12
Abstract: A stone-like sheet which may be cut, sawn, drilled, &c. is made from a slurry of asbestos fibres, calcined magnesite, bentonite, water, and, if desired, Portland cement, being built up in thin layers on a forming drum, stripped from the drum as a flat sheet, compressed to squeeze out moisture, cured in a moist atmosphere, and dried.  With a short cure the product is porous; a long curing treatment of six days yields a non-porous product.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes also sheets made from asbestos fibres, bentonite, and Portland cement, plaster of Paris, or Keene's cement. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.