Patent GB-410575-A (GB)
Title: A new and improved process and apparatus for making crepe yarn
IPC: D02G3/30
Filed: 1933-02-13
Abstract: 410,575. Treating and winding yarns. HOUCK, W. C., 18, Belsitostrasse, Zurich, Switzerland. Feb. 13, 1933, No. 4393. Convention date, Feb. 12, 1932. [Classes 120 (ii) and 120 (iii).] Crape yarn is produced by twisting, moistening, steaming and drying the yarn in a continuous process during its passage from one bobbin to another, the steaming being effected by steam generated from the moisture in or on the yarn by heating it to at least 100‹C. The steaming and drying operations may be effected at the same time, e.g. by passing the moistened yarn through a heated drier, the yarn is first steamed and then dried. The yarn preferably contains 40 per cent moisture. The yarn e.g. of spun viscose, is twisted and sized, e.g. by drawing the yarn through a bath of size or other softening agent, and dyed if desired; water, saponifiable oil, or other softening agent may be used in place of the size. Stretching may be effected immediately after the moistening, until the original length of the yarn before twisting is obtained ; stretching may be effected by winding at a speed equivalent to the original yarn feed. The moistened yarn is then steamed and dried by passage through an oven or the like at a temperature of 100‹C. or more. Moistened yarn from the spinning bobbin 1, Fig. 1, protected by a bell-shaped member 3, passes through a pair of draw-off rollers 6, 7 covered with velvet, plush, felt or the like, twisting being effected between the guide 5 and rollers 6, 7. The yarn then contacts with a moistening or sizing roller 8, and passes through the drying apparatus 9 at 300‹ C. where the yarn is steamed and dried. The drier is heated by super-heated steam, hot air, gas or electricity, and comprises severable concentric rotatable cylinders 11, 12, 13, Figs. 2 and 3, each having a longitudinal slit for admission of the yarn, which slits are rotated out of alignment after insertion of the yarn ; the ends are closed by caps 14, 15, each having a small aperture for the passage of the yarn. After drying, the yarn is wound on to any shaped bobbin 16 with uniform tension. The guide 17 may be stationary, and the bobbin 17 reciprocating, to assist the maintenance of uniform tension. Several forms of apparatus for winding at an absolutely constant rate are described. In such an apparatus for winding conical bobbins with tapered ends 46, Fig. 4, the drive is transmitted to the bobbin from the conical pulleys 41, 42 to conical pulleys 49, 50 and through gears 51 to the bobbin. The traverse is effected from pulleys 41, 42, pulleys 47, 48, gears 61, 62 to the cam 64, traverse rod 66, oscillating lever 67 and traverse guide 65. Each of the two pairs of conical pulleys 47, 48 and 49, 50 has associated therewith a belt shifting mechanism 72, 53 respectively, actuated by a cam 63, 55 through an oscillating lever 75, 56 whose pivot is gradually displaced along the lever by cams 77, 60 so as to progressively vary the effective throw of the cams 63, 55. Variations in rate of winding are compensated as follows:-The pulleys 41, 42 and cam 43 vary the speed of the bobbin and the throw of the yarn guide 65 in accordance with the increase in mean diameter of the bobbin as winding proceeds. Pulleys 49, 50 and cam 55 vary the speed of rotation of the bobbin according to whether the end of smaller or larger diameter is being wound; cam 60 moves the pivoting point of lever 56 so that such variations diminish as the bobbin grows and the ratio of maximum to minimum bobbin diameter decreases. Pulleys 47, 48 and cam 63 vary the throw of the thread guide so that the speed of the guide is inversely proportional to the existing effective bobbin diameter, whereby the thickness of yarn layer applied is constant from end to end of the bobbin ; cam 77 moves the pivoting point of lever 75 so that this variation is diminished as the bobbin becomes bigger and the ratio of maximum to minimum bobbin diameter decreases. The cam 71 reduces the stroke of the yarn guide 65 as winding proceeds, thus forming the tapered ends. One or more of the compensating movements may be omitted if desired. In a modification, each of the pairs of conical pulleys 47, 48 ; 49, 50 with its associated cams and adjustably pivoted lever may be replaced by a non-circular actuating mechanism of adjustable eccentricity ; these two non-circular mechanisms may be replaced by one, without great inaccuracy. In a further modification, Fig. 7, the yarn is formed into a loop and supports a light weight 87 in a tube 88 ; if the yarn is wound too fast, the weight rises and strikes the lever 92, so causing the yarn to be moved along the conical draw-off rollers 84, 85 so that the yarn is drawn from the twisting bobbins at a higher speed, and vice versa if the yarn is wound too slowly.