Patent GB-1082880-A (GB)
Title: Modified halogen-containing cellulose derivatives
IPC: D06M13/292
Filed: 1965-12-13
Abstract: A method of modifying the properties of halogen containing cellulose derivatives which have been obtained by reacting cellulose with a compound of formula <FORM:1082880/C3/1> in which R and R1, which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen atoms or alkyl, hydroxymethyl or alkoxymethyl groups, X represents chlorine, bromine or iodine and n represents an integer from 1 to 5, comprises treating the derivative with:-  (a) a phosphite of the formula (B) (R111O)3P wherein the radicals R111, which may be the same or different, represent alkyl or alkenyl groups;  (b) ammonia, a tertiary amine, hydrazine or a diamine of the formula <FORM:1082880/C3/2> wherein Riv represents a divalent organic radical and the radicals Rv, which may be the same or different represent hydrogen atoms, alkyl radicals or, together with the nitrogen atoms and the radical Riv, form a heterocyclic ring;  (c) an amine of the formula <FORM:1082880/C3/3> wherein R111 represents hydrogen or an alkyl radical and Q represents a hydrophobic monovalent radical;  (d) a mercaptan of the formula (E) HS-Riv-SH  wherein Riv has the meaning given above, or a mercaptan of the formula (F) HS-Q wherein Q has the meaning given above;  (e) an alkali metal sulphide, disulphide or polysulphide, or (f) thiourea. The halogen containing cellulose derivative may be reacted with an alkali metal salt of a second halide so as to replace at least part of the halogen in the polymer by a more reactive halogen. The phosphite of the formula (B) (R111O)3P may be trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite or triallyl phosphite.  The diamine of the formula <FORM:1082880/C3/4> may be N,N1-dimethyl ethylene diamine, di-(methoxyethyl)amine or piperazine.  The alkali metal sulphide or disulphide may be sodium sulphide or disulphide and the compound of the formula <FORM:1082880/C3/5> may be N-methylol-chloroacetamide or N-methoxymethyl-chloroacetamide. The alkali metal salt of a second halide may be sodium iodide. The reaction of the cellulose with the compounds of formula <FORM:1082880/C3/6> is conducted by contacting the cellulose with a solution containing the reagent and catalyst, drying, and subsequently heating for a brief period to complete the reaction.  In the case of textile cellulose, treatment may be conveniently effected by padding with the reagent-catalyst solution, driving off solvent by drying and then heating or curing to complete reaction. Water is preferred as solvent as this simplifies the padding operation. The heating or curing step may be carried out by any convenient means. Reaction at times of 2 to 20 minutes at 110 DEG  C. to 175 DEG  C. are in general sufficient, and after heating the treated cellulose may be washed to remove unreacted reagent and catalyst. The concentration of acidic catalyst may vary within wide limits. From 1 to 8% based on the solution weight is preferred.  Suitable catalysts are water-soluble, non-volatile organic acids, e.g. oxalic, citric, and tartaric acids; salts of mineral acids with ammonia and amines, e.g. amine-hydrochloride, and ammonium nitrate; and salts of mineral acids with bivalent metals, e.g. magnesium, zinc or calcium. Examples 1 to 3 describe the introduction of halogen into cellulose molecules to provide the starting materials for the process of the invention.  In Example 1, samples of cotton fabric are treated with aqueous solutions of N-methylol-chloroacetamide containing catalyst, dried and cured. In Example 2, a cotton twist twill, dyed with vat dyestuffs, is similarly treated.  In Example 3, the procedure of Example 1 is repeated, replacing N-methylol chloroacetamide by N-methoxy methyl chloroacetamide in the presence of mixed catalyst and using specified curing conditions.  In Example 4 chloroacetamidomethyl cellulose samples prepared by reacting N-methylol-chloroacetamide with cotton twill in the presence of catalyst and cured according to Example 1 are treated with various trialkyl phosphites.  In Example 5 chloroacetamido methyl cellulose samples, prepared by reacting N-methylol chloroacetamide with cotton in the presence of catalyst and cured according to Example 1, are treated with various amines.  In Example 6, chloroacetamido methyl cellulose samples are treated with aqueous sodium sulphide and sodium disulphide solutions, dried and cured.  Reactions of such halogen containing cellulose derivatives with bis-mercapto compounds are illustrated, also the reaction of such derivatives with thiourea and with tertiary amines.  In Example 7, chloroalkylaminomethylcellulose is treated with potassium iodide so as to replace the chlorine with iodine to improve reactivity. Treatment of such halogen containing cellulose derivatives with phosphites imparts flame retardant properties and other reactions impart water-repellent properties and improve crease recovery and resilience.  The compounds of the first generic formula given may be prepared by known methods, generally by reaction of formaldehyde with suitable halo-substituted carboxamides. Thus the reaction of formaldehyde with chloroacetamide yields a product of the formula (G) HOCH2NHCOCH2ClALSO:A method of modifying the properties of halogen containing cellulose derivatives which have been obtained by reacting cellulose with a compound of formula <FORM:1082880/D1-D2/1> in which R and R\sv, which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen atoms or alkyl, hydroxymethyl or alkoxymethyl groups, X represents chlorines, bromine or codiene and n represents an integer from 1 to 5 comprises treating the derivative with  (a) a phosphite of the formula (B) (R\yGO)3P wherein the radicals R\yG, which may be the same or different, represent alkyl or alkyenyl groups,  (b) ammonia, a tertiary amine, hydrazine or a diamine of the formula <FORM:1082880/D1-D2/2> wherein Riv represents a divalent organic radical and the radicals Rv, which may be the same or different represent hydrogen atoms, alkyl radicals or, together with the nitrogen atoms and the radical Riv, form a heterocyclic ring,  (c) an amine of the formula <FORM:1082880/D1-D2/3> wherein R\yG represents hydrogen or an alkyl radical and Q represents a hydrophobic monovalent radical,  (d) a dimercaptan of the formula (E) HS-Riv-SH wherein Riv has the meaning given above, or a mercaptan of the formula (F) HS-Q wherein Q has the meaning given above,  (e) a alkali metal sulphide disulphide or polysulphide, or  (f) thiourea. The halogen containing cellulose derivative may be reacted with an alkali metal salt of a second halide so as to replace at least part of the halogen in the polymer by a more reactive halogen. The phosphite of the formula (B) (R\yGO)3P may be trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite or triallyl phosphite.  The diamine of the formula <FORM:1082880/D1-D2/4> may be N,N\sv-dimethyl ethylene diamine, di-(methoxyethyl) amine or piperazine.  The alkali metal sulphide or disulphide may be sodium sulphide or disulphide and the compound of the formula <FORM:1082880/D1-D2/5> may be N-methylolchloroacetamide or N-methoxymethyl-chloro-acetamide.  The alkali metal salt of a second halide may be sodium iodide.  The reaction of the cellulose with the compounds of formula <FORM:1082880/D1-D2/6> is conducted by contacting the cellulose with a solution containing the reagent and catalyst, drying, and subsequently heating for a brief period to complete the reaction.  In the case of textile cellulose, treatment may be conveniently effected by padding with the reagent-catalyst solution, driving off solvent by drying and then heating or curing to complete reaction.  Water is preferred as solvent as this simplifies the padding operation. The heating or curing step may be carried out by any convenient means. Reaction at times of 2 to 20 minutes at 110 DEG C to 175 DEG C are in general sufficient, and after heating the treated cellulose may be washed to remove unreacted reagent and catalyst.  The concentration of acidic catalyst may vary within wide limits. From 1 to 8% based on the solution weight is preferred.  Suitable catalysts are water soluble, non-volatile organic acids, e.g. oxalic, citric, and tartaric acids; salts of mineral acids with ammonia and amides, e.g. amine-hydrochloride, and ammonium nitrate; and salts of mineral acids with bivalent metals, e.g. magnesium, zinc or calcium.  Examples 1 to 3 describe the introduction of halogen into cellulose molecules to provide the starting materials for the process of the invention.  In Example 1, samples of cotton fabric are treated with aqueous solutions of N-methylol-chloro-acetamide containing catalyst, dried and cured. In Example 2, a cotton twist twill, dyed with vat dyestuffs, is similarly treated.  In Example 3, the procedure of Example 1 is repeated, relpacing N-methylol chloro acetamide by N-methoxy methyl chloroacetamide in the presence of mixed catalyst and using specified curing conditions.  In Example 4 chloroacetamidomethyl cellulose samples prepared by reacting N - methylol-chloroacetamide with cotton twill in the presence of catalyst and cured according to Example 1 are treated with various trialkyl phosphites.  In Example 5 chloroacetamido methyl cellulose samples, prepared by reacting N-methylol chloroacetamide with cotton in the presence of catalyst and cured according to Example 1, are treated with various amines.  In Example 6, chloroacetamido methyl cellulose samples are treated with aqueous sodium sulphide and sodium disulphide solutions, dried and cured.  Reactions of such halogen containing cellulose derivatives with bis-mercapto compounds are illustrated, also the reaction of such derivatives with thiourea and with tertiary amines.  In Example 7, chloroalkylaminomethylcellulose is treated with potassium iodide so as to replace the chlorine with iodine to improve reactivity.  Treatment of such halogen containing cellulose derivatives with ph