Patent GB-263873-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of sulphonic acids
IPC: C14C9/00
Filed: 1926-12-31
Abstract: 263,873. Sajitz, R., and Pott (nÚe Sajitz), E., (trading as Chemische Fabrik Pott & Co.). Dec. 31, 1926. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Jan. 1, 1927.] Samples furnished. Cleaning-compositions.-Sulphonic acids useful as cleansing and emulsifying agents are obtained by reaction between aromatic hydrocarbons or their sulphonic derivatives and olefines in presence of an acid condensing agent, a sulphonation being then effected if no sulphonic acid be initially employed or if no sulphonation is effected during the condensation. Suitable aromatic hydrocarbons are polynuclear hydrocarbons, such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, and acenaphthalene, and suitable olefines are aliphatic olefines containing three or more carbon atoms, aliphatic olefines with aromatic substituents, such as styrolene, and cyclic olefines such as di- and tetrahydrobenzene. In the preferred process, a sulphonic acid of a polynuclear hydrocarbon is condensed at a temperature below 100‹ C. with an olefine in presence of such an amount of sulphuric acid that the formation of alcohol from the olefine is substantially avoided. In one example, naphthalene is sulphonated to yield a mixture of alpha- and #-naphthalene sulphonic acids, and this mixture is treated with the product obtained by passing propylene and its higher homologues into concentrated sulphuric acid. The temperature is kept below 100‹ C. and the amount of sulphuric acid is regulated so that at the end of the reaction at least five molecular proportions of sulphuric acid are present for each molecular proportion of naphthalene taken. The upper viscid layer constituting the sulphonic acid is withdrawn and mav be further treated with lime and soda. In another example, naphthalene is sulphonated and the product is treated intermittently with a mixture of equal parts of tetrahydrobenzene and concentrated sulphuric acid. The temperature is kept below 90‹ C. and the reaction product is separated as described above. Reference is made to the emulsification of mineral oils, fats, resins, terpenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and fat-solvents. and to the use of the emulsions in washing and cleansing processes. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes the manufacture of similar products by reaction between derivatives of aromatic hydrocarbons and olefines or their derivatives, and refers in this connection to halogen-, nitro-, and amino-naphthalenes. " naphthalene carbonic acids," and naphthols, to derivatives of these compounds such as their ethers. esters, amides, and chlorides, and to the corresponding derivatives of other aromatic hydrocarbons. It is stated also that the process may be performed under oxidizing conditions produced, for example, by blowing air or oxygen into the reaction mixture or by addition of peroxides, persalts, or chromic acid thereto. An example is given also in which 1-chlornaphthalene is sulphonated to yield a mixture of 1 : 5- and 1 : 6-chlornaphthalene sulphonic acids, and this mixture is treated, while agitating by passage of air therethrough, first with concentrated sulphuric acid and then with a mixture of secondary butyl alcohol and sulphuric acid, the product being then isolated and purified. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.