baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-364699-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of spongy iron
IPC: C21B13/00
Filed: 1930-10-14
Abstract: 364,699. Spongy iron. GUTEHOFFNUNGSHUTTE OBERHAUSEN AKT.- GES., Oberhausen, Rhineland, Germany. Oct. 14, 1930, No. 30781. Convention date, Oct. 14, 1929. [Class 72.] In the production of spongy iron, the ore, preferably preheated, is charged from a bunker 3 on to a travelling grate 1 where it is subjected to the action of hot gases introduced into the upper part 2<1> of the furnace from a blast furnace. The gases pass through the ore and are drawn by suction through boxes 6 and pipes 6<1> passing into the crude gas pipe or back into the blast furnace. The upper part of the grate 1 is sealed with respect to the walls of the furnace by metal edges 13, Fig. 5, which project into a gutter 15 filled with sand. The delivery opening 3<1> of the bunker is arranged so that the ere rests directly on the grate 1 and the depth of the ore is adjusted by a sliding member 3<11>. In a modification, Fig. 4, the ore is heated, before it is acted upon by the hot gases, by burners 7 and the part 2<1> is divided up into chambers 9, each connected to a heater 8 and provided with outlets 11 for the gases. Boxes 6 and pipes 6<1> for each chamber 9 are provided below the grate, the gases being returned by fans to the heaters 8. The heat from the burners 7 is removed by a suction box 6<11>. When the reduction is complete the end box 9<1> is disconnected from its heater and cold gas is passed through the box to cool the iron sponge, the heated gas being introduced into the circuit of the heating gases. Throttle valves are provided on the inlet and exit gas pipes.
Patent GB-1079947-A (GB)
Title: The measurement and regulation of the wall thickness of drawn glass tubes
IPC: G05D5/03
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: 1,079,947. Automatic thickness control. EGYESULT IZZOLAMPA ES VILLAMOSSAGI RESZVENYTARSASAG. Aug. 4, 1964 [July 22, 1963], No.30786/64. Heading G3R. Wall thickness of drawn glass tube is maintained constant by automatically varying the speed of draw in dependence on the number of photocells illuminated by the width of a beam of light reflected from the inner wall of the tube. In Fig. 1, light from a source 3 is projected by a condenser lens 4 on to a glass tube 1 being drawn during manufacture. A non-transparent edge 2, which may be periodically moved to the position shown, ensures that the width of beam reflected from the inner surface of the tube is a measure of tube thickness. The number of photo-transistors or photo-diodes 5 illuminated thus depends on tube thickness and, by causing the photo-cells to control, through electromagnetic relays (not shown), the number of parallel-connected speed-controlling resistors in series with the field winding of an electric motor drawing the tube, tube wall thickness is maintained constant automatically. Memory elements may be included in the control system to prevent response to short-term thickness variations. A known system may also be provided for maintaining constant tube diameter by automatically controlling gas pressure within the tube and signals may be applied to such a system from the thickness control system to compensate for the effect on the diameter of changes of speed.
Patent GB-1466591-A (GB)
Title: Production of terephthalate polyesters
IPC: C08G63/181
Filed: 1974-07-12
Abstract: 1466591 Preparing terephthalate copolyesters BASF AG 12 July 1974 [14 July 1973] 30911/74 Heading C3R A process for preparing a polyester comprises (a) esterifying a C 4-12  aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with a glycol in a molar ratio of from 1 : 1À2 to 1 : 1À8 until the degree of esterification is from 90 to 95 mole per cent, based on the acid, (b) transesterifying a dialkyl terephthalate with a glycol and (c) mixing (a) and (b) in an amount to provide up to 50 mole per cent of radicals of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, based on the total acid radicals, and polycondensing the mixture to form the polyester. The examples describe the preparation of polyesters from adipic acid, dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol or 1,4-butanediol.
Patent GB-280942-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to roller bearings
IPC: F16C43/06
Filed: 1927-11-18
Abstract: 280,942. S.K.F. Norma Akt.-Ges. Nov. 18, 1926 [Convention. date]. Bearings.-In a roller bearing the edges m, Fig. 6, of the spacing bars of a cage d may be forced outwards to hold the rollers from falling inwardly when dismantling by balls i under pressure of a stamp k. The internal faces of the bars may have grooves to guide the balls i.
Patent GB-376608-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to headlights for motor cars and other vehicles
IPC: B60Q1/14
Filed: 1931-11-09
Abstract: 376,608. Vehicle lamps. BERGENSON, S. R. F., 12, Norr Malarstrand, Stockholm. Nov. 9, 1931, No. 31056. [Classes 75 (ii) and 75 (iv).] A vehicle lamp comprises a casing and reflector adapted to be swung together about a member forming a fixed horizontal axle passing through the casing, a source of light being supported by the axle member inside the casing so that in the swung down position a dipping effect is produced. In the form shown a casing 1 with an internal reflector is rotatably mounted on a fixed tube 2 forming the axle and curved to lie parallel to the reflector, the tube containing leads to an electric lamp bulb 3 carried by the middle of the curved part of the tube. A screen 4 may be arranged behind the lower part of the casing to intercept light directed towards the front of the vehicle when the casing is dipped. The casing and reflector may be dipped from the driver's seat by mechanism operated by a handle or by electromagnetic means.
Patent GB-1507716-A (GB)
Title: Method and circuit arrangement for the transmission of turn-on pulses for controlled semi-conductor devices
IPC: H02M1/08
Filed: 1975-07-25
Abstract: 1507716 Firing circuits for thyristors BBC BROWN BOVERI & CO Ltd 25 July 1975 [27 July 1974] 31188/75 Heading H2F Thyristors 17, 18, which may form part of a three phase converter bridge, are fired by transmitting turn-on pulses from a electronic control circuit (not shown) connected to earth, turn-on energy and turn-on information being transmitted from the control circuit through a common isolating transformer 2 as at least two rectangular constant amplitude pulses of alternately opposite polarity, a preliminary pulse being used to cause storage of the turn-on energy preparatory to turning on the thyristors and a following turn-on pulse being used to turn-on an electronic switch which transmits the stored energy to the control electrodes of the thyristors to turn them on. In Fig. 1 the control circuit produces a long turn on pulse, which is converted to a high frequency rectangular A.C. voltage of the same duration (Fig. 2a) applied to the winding 2 to produce the following operations: (1) with the voltage beginning so that winding end 3 is positive, capacitor 7 is charged through diode 5 by the first voltage half cycle to produce, with diode 6, the voltage of Fig. 2a (2) the second voltage half cycle produces a rapid voltage rise at winding end 4 and hence rapid firing of thyristor 9 through members 10, 11; (3) capacitor 7 discharges through members 9, 13, 16 to produce the turn-on current 15 Fig. 2d for thyristors 17, 18, the current being maintained by the voltage of Fig. 2a (as rectified by diodes 5, 6) until the pulse producing it is terminated. Capacitor 7 has a large capacity to smooth the turn-on current and ensure that interference pulses transmitted through transformer 2 cannot charge the capacitor sufficiently to exceed the breakdown voltage of Zener diode 13. In a modification a relatively short turn-on pulse is transmitted through transformer 2 as a negative pulse (t 1 t 2 ) to charge capacitor 7 followed by a positive pulse (t 2 t 3 ) to turn on the thyristors, Fig. 3 (not shown).
Patent GB-160242-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in weft replenishing devices for looms
IPC: D03D45/20
Filed: 1919-12-13
Abstract: 160,242. Wray, J. W. Dec. 13, 1919. Addition to 125,841. Shuttle-changing mechanism.-Relates to the mechanism operated by the detector and catch, on failure of weft, to bring in the box motion to lower the boxes on the opposite side of the loom, and for putting the spent shuttle on to the breast beam. The horizontal rod 16, which is moved longitudinally as described in the parent Specification, turns a spring-controlled cranked vertical spindle A, by means of an arm D engaging an arm C on the spindle, which is connected by lever mechanism to the arm J of a vibrator lever K. This lever is thus moved off its support on a notched supporting-table, a peg Y on the arm J moving the arm P of a second vibrator lever R also off its support on the table. The pattern chain of the box motion acting on the levers K, R allows the lever K and its arm to fall immediately, whereby the box-changing mechanism of the right-hand shuttle boxes for bringing the reserve shuttle into operation is actuated, and two picks afterwards, or when the spent shuttle is in the false shuttle-box, the arm P is allowed to fall, thereby lowering a reciprocating bar T pivoted to the lay sword U, whereupon a catch. T<2> on the bar T operates a lever W and wire X. This wire is connected to the wire 76 operating the mechanism for releasing the false shuttle box to permit the spent shuttle to be placed upon the breast beam. The vibrator levers are subsequently raised to normal position by the pattern chain and are retained therein by their arms being caused to engage with the table by the action of springs Z. A lip R<1> of a further vibrator lever rests on the lever K, and falls or rises therewith. This further lever when raised holds up the righthand boxes.
Patent GB-178067-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for electrical etching
IPC: C25F7/00
Filed: 1921-11-22
Abstract: 178,067. Weeks Photo-Engraving Co., Inc., (Assignees of Weeks, R. M.). April 2, 1921, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Act]. Electrodes; metals, removing.-In etching by electrolysis the plate to be etched is suspended in a bath of electrolyte in which is submerged a cathode formed from a material, preferably silver, which is resistant to etching and electrolytic action and which will minimize the generation of hydrogen. Special means are described for suspending the plate. As shown, the plate v is supported in an inverted position in a tank a containing an electrolyte by forked supports k, Fig. 5, provided with notches l to receive the plate and adjustably bolted to hangers g connected by a bar i and hooked over a rod f adjustably secured to positive bus-bars c. A negative bus-bar e encircles the tank. Resting on the bottom of the tank is a wooden frame n supporting a number of carbon plates o electrically connected together by loops of silver wire. Spaced above the plates o is a silver plate q having its edges turned over the frame and being connected by silver wires r to the plates o and by silver wires s to the negative bus-bar e. The plates q and o form the cathode and any hydrogen bubbles formed on the plates o are prevented from rising by the plate q. The carbon plates o are provided to expedite the etching, but they may be omitted, the silver plate q alone forming the cathode. Further, to expedite the etching, carbon plates t connected to the leads s may be hung round the sides of the tank. The rod f, hangers g, and bar i are made of copper and the supports k of silver.
Patent GB-1006552-A (GB)
Title: Electric soldering iron
IPC: B23K3/03
Filed: 1962-08-15
Abstract: 1,006,552. Soldering. G. YGFORS. Aug. 15, 1962 [Aug. 31, 1961], No. 31317/62. Heading B3R. An electric soldering iron comprises a bit 1 and a heating element carried on a first metal shaft part 7, the shaft part 7 carrying a flange 12 which is connected to and spaced from a second flange 20 of insulating material carried on an insulating rear shaft part 22 surrounded by an insulating sleeve 30. The rear of the bit 1 is surrounded by an electric heating element comprising an iron, aluminium or copper sleeve 2 carrying the resistance wire 4 and asbestos or glass fibre insulation 5. The assembly is spaced within an iron sleeve 6 fastened to the sheet iron shaft part 7 comprising a channel section base with a screwed-on cover and having cooling apertures. The base of the part 7 is soldered or welded to the iron or copper flange 12 which is connected to the insulating flange 20 by screws 18a, 18b and spaced therefrom by washers 19a, 19b around the screws. The flange 20 is connected to an insulating member 22 forming part of the shaft part 17 and tubes 15a, 16b which carry the conductors extend from the member 22, through the part 7 into an asbestos cement member 14 adjacent the element. An indicator lamp 28 is provided in the member 22 and the latter is within an insulating sleeve 30 which may carry a synthetic resin integral flange 34.
Patent GB-625846-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to compressor valve assemblies
IPC: F04B39/10
Filed: 1946-10-22
Abstract: 625,846. Check valves. THOMPSON PRODUCTS, Inc. Oct. 22, 1946, No. 31349. Convention date, Nov. 26, 1945. [Class 135] A compressor valve assembly includes a disc-shaped body 10, Figs. 1, 3, held in position in the compressor housing 14 between a shoulder 12 and the annular rim 16 of a holddown bracket 8 and formed with a ring of guide bores 17. Each bore 17 opens into a counterbore 23 having a valve seat 21 and is surrounded by a ring of passages 22. The seats 21 coact with valves 19, each loaded by a spring 26 housed in a pocket 25 in a retainer 24 spaced from the body by a washer 32, to limit the opening of the valves, and secured to the body by a bolt 28, relative rotation between the retainer and the body being prevented by a pin 31. Holes 34 in the retainer between the pockets 25 permit the unrestricted flow of gas when the valves are opened by pressure within the housing 14. The assembly, as shown, is arranged for use on the delivery side of the compressor, but may be reversely-assembled in the compressor housing for use on the inlet side. In a modification, bores of diameter corresponding to that of the counterbores 23 replace the bores 17 and the passages 22 and inserts provided with the guides and gas passages are pressed into them. The holes 34 are dispensed with and the retainer modified in shape to permit the unrestricted flow of the gas. Stoppins within each pocket are added to limit the opening of the valves.
Patent GB-837378-A (GB)
Title: Insert lift for ladies' shoe heels
IPC: A43B21/42
Filed: 1958-10-01
Abstract: 837,378. Heel lifts. MARET, C. Oct. 1, 1958 [Oct. 3, 1957; Sept 22, 1958], No. 31411/58. Class 17(3)  A top lift for the heel of a ladies shoe comprises a tread element 3 with an integral tenon 4 adapted to engage a mortise 5 of corresponding shape formed in the heel body 2, the tread element fitting inside a metal cap 6 which encloses the upper and side walls of the element while the lower front edge of the cap is substantially flush with the lower surface of the tread element. Element 3 may be made of plastic material or a mixture having rubber or leather as a base, and cap 6 is preferably of hardened steel. A securing pin 9, e.g. of diamond cross-section, is engaged in an opening 8 in the member 3, 5 with a force fit, expanding tenon 4 to increase the grip in mortise 5. When the heel is of aluminium the pin 9 may have a short sharpened tip which is crushed on insertion and fills any spaces, as shown, but when the heel is of wood pin 9 has a longer sharpened tip which enters the wood of the heel.
Patent GB-903078-A (GB)
Title: A method for the manufacture of steel in a converter
IPC: C21C5/32
Filed: 1958-10-02
Abstract: A method of making steel comprises repeatedly subjecting a melt in a converter to a cycle comprising a first period of blowing in which an oxidizing gas is used alone and a second period in which the oxidizing gas carries a suspension of a solid dephosphorizing agent. During the second period the pressure of the gas on the melt may be increased by lowering the nozzle of the lance or by increasing the pressure in the lance.  The duration of one of the periods may be varied during the repetition and such variation may be from thirty seconds to five minutes.  The dephosphorizing agent may be alkali or alkaline earth metal oxides or carbonates or lime or limestone and a flux.  A lance having two concentric nozzles may be used and carbon dioxide may be supplied from the outer, annular nozzle to control foaming of the slag.
Patent GB-849685-A (GB)
Title: Safety tubeless tire and wheel rim assembly
IPC: B60C5/12
Filed: 1957-10-09
Abstract: 849,685. Safety tubeless tyres. GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. Oct. 9, 1957 [July 22, 1957], No. 31533/57. Class 144 (2). In a tubeless tyre 2 in which the air space is divided into separately inflatable inner and outer chambers 6, 7 by an outwardly bowed diaphragm 3 which comprises a body of rubber embedded strain-resisting nylon or like cords 8 anchored at its edges 4 beneath the tyre beads 5, the diaphragm is provided, at least across its tread surface, with a puncture-resisting armour of at least one layer of parallel closely spaced metal wires 11, 12 which extend an angle of about 32 degrees to the mid-circumferential line of the diaphragm. As shown two layers of wires 11, 12 are used with their respective wires in crossed relation and the lateral edges of the layers in stepped relation. The wires are of plaited or woven strands of multifilaments, that shown in Fig. 3 comprising three braided strands 33 each of two filaments, and may extend in their layers at a cord angle equal to that of the cords 8 of the diaphragm body. The periphery of the diaphragm may have a layer 32 of solid or liquid lubricant, or lubricant-impregnated rubber to reduce the sliding friction against the inner periphery of the tyre 2 on blow-out. In operation, either in the inflated or deflated condition of the outer chamber 7, the armouring layers of wires 11, 12 act to " hammer " any bendable puncturing object, such as a rail 14, extending through the tyre 2, and thereby bend it in a circumferential direction to a position 19, Fig. 5, where it cannot puncture the diaphragm. Specification 801,994 is referred to.
Patent GB-1028271-A (GB)
Title: Constant velocity universal joint
IPC: F16D3/30
Filed: 1961-09-01
Abstract: 1,028,271. Universal joints. S.P.U. PIATTI. Aug. 31, 1962 [Sept. 1. 1961]. No. 31535/61. Heading F2U. A constant velocity universal joint comprises input and output members coupled by intermediate members to a central coupling element, the intermediate members being rockable in a common plane and the input and output members being rockable about axes in that plane, at least one intermediate member being slidable in the central element in the direction of its axis of rotation and the input and output members being connected by a ball joint such that the distances between the centre of the ball and the rocking axes are equal. An input shaft 1 is connected by a Hooke's type joint, having a cruciform member 9, to a central coupling element 3 to which an output shaft 2 is connected by a pot-type joint having a transverse pin 21 carrying sliders 42, 43 sliding in slots 17, 18 in the element 3. An extension 35 of the shaft 1 passes through a clearance hole in the cruciform member 9 and carries a ball 38 coupling with a socket 36 on an extension of the shaft 2. The sliders 42, 43 are slidablo in the central element in the same plane as they allow rocking of the shaft 2 with respect to that element; the shaft 1 being also rockable in the same plane by virtue of the trunnions 11 in the bearings 13 of the central member. The distances between the centre of the ball 38 and the trunnions 21 and 7 are made equal.
Patent GB-539540-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for polishing glass
IPC: B24B7/26
Filed: 1939-12-06
Abstract: 539,540. Polishing glass. PILKINGTON BROS., Ltd., and WALDRON, F. B. Dec. 6, 1939, No. 31613. [Class 60] Glass in strip form is polished by applying to the two faces equal and directly opposed pressure from runners moving continuously in a circular path, the strip being continuously fed between them. Opposed heads 5, Figs. 1 and 5, carrying runners 6 are driven in the same direction from a shaft 14 by bevel gearing 13, 14 and worm gearing 17, 18. A clutch 20 provides for synchronizing the heads so that the runners are exactly opposed. Two pairs of heads may be employed, the zones of action overlapping and also overlapping the edges of the sheet. The heads may be arranged closer together, the heads being so geared that the runners intermesh after the manner of gearing, Fig. 3. The driving gear is arranged as in Fig. 7, the shaft 10 transmitting through the gearing shown. Clutches 20 synchronize the heads of each pair and a clutch 30 provides setting so that the head of adjacent pairs clear one another. In a further modification two pairs of heads are arranged in a line transverse to the direction of travel of the strip instead of oblique thereto. Opposed heads may be driven by synchronous motors. In some cases adjustment for synchronism may be obtained by varying the meshing of the gearing. Separated lengths of glass strip may be treated.
Patent GB-1465059-A (GB)
Title: Glass fibres
IPC: C04B14/44
Filed: 1973-07-03
Abstract: 1465059 Protecting glass fibres PILKING- TON BROS Ltd 18 June 1974 [3 July 1973] 31657/73 Heading D1P Glass fibres for use as reinforcement in cementitious products, are protected against deterioration in the cementitious matrix, by treatment with a composition comprising an aromatic compound which has at least three hydroxyl groups on the or an aromatic ring thereof. The aromatic compound is selected to provide a tensile strength improvement of at least 10% over a control in a test in which glass fibres treated with the composition are encased in a block of ordinary Portland cement paste which is allowed to cure and kept for 28 days at 50C. Preferred aromatic compounds, many of which are specified, are tri-hydroxy optionally further substituted benzenes, e.g. gallic acid, propyl gallate, pyrogallol, hydroxy hydroquinone and phloroglucinol, polycyclics e.g. 1, 2, 4 trihydroxyanthraquinone, heterocyclics e.g. 2, 4, 6 tri-hydroxypyrimidine (barbituric acid), tannic acid and vegetable tannins, as well as hydroxyquinones and purpurogallin. The aromatic compound may be applied as a solution, emulsion or suspension in a liquid carrier. Preferably the compound is formulated as an aqueous size with a film former e.g. a cationic polyvinyl acetate and a silane linking agent for application to spun glass fibres, or alternatively glass fibres may be treated with a solution of the aromatic compound followed by an overcoating of e.g. an epoxy resin. The fibres are preferably of alkali resistant zirconia-containing glass containing at least 5 mol % ZrO 2 , or may be of E-glass. The coated glass fibres may be incorporated in the cementitious mix by a spray-up technique in which the cement slurry and chopped glass rovings are sprayed onto a paper covered perforated face of a suction mould provided with adjustable screed boards.