Patent GB-634690-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the treatment of textile yarns and fabrics
IPC: D06M11/56
Filed: 1947-08-22
Abstract: Cellulose textile fibres, yarns or fabrics are impregnated with an aqueous solution containing a non-volatile strong mineral acid and cyanamide and dried and baked under such conditions that the final product contains at least 1 per cent by weight of the fibres of combined acid.  The final product preferably contains a total of at least 3 per cent by weight of the combined acid and cyanamide together based on the weight of the fibres. Orthophosphoric, phosphorous, pyrophosphoric, phosphamic, sulphuric and sulphamic acids are specified.  A mixture of acids may be used and the acid may be partly neutralized by an organic base, the limit of neutralization being the monosubstituted salt. Formaldehyde may be present in the impregnating solution.  The fibres may be dried at 50-80 DEG  C. and may then be baked at 105-140 DEG  C. for from 1 minute to 1 hour, although higher or lower p  temperatures may be used, and they may then be stabilized and neutralized.  In an example, a fabric made from viscose rayon staple is impregnated with a solution containing 20 per cent of orthophosphoric acid and 24 per cent of cyanamide, then mangled, dried and heated for 7 minutes at 105 DEG  C.  In other examples solutions of sulphuric acid, ammonium sulphate and cyanamide, or phosphoric acid, cyanamide and formaldehyde are used. Specifications 476,043, 490,542, 506,793, 515,847; 604,197, [Group VIII], 648,883 and U.S.A. Specifications 2,212,152, 2,247,353 and 2,418,525 are referred to.ALSO:Cellulosic or protein textile fibres, yarns or fabrics are impregnated with an aqueous solution containing a non-volatile strong mineral acid and cyanamide and dried and baked under such conditions that the final product contains at least 1 per cent by weight of the fibres of combined acid.  The final product preferably contains a total of at least 3 per cent by weight of the combined acid and cyanamide together based on the weight of the fibres.  Orthophosphoric, phosphorous, pyrophosphoric, phosphamic, sulphuric and sulphamic acids are specified.  A mixture of acids may be used and the acid may be partly neutralized by an organic base, the limit of neutralization being the monosubstituted salt. Formaldehyde may be present in the impregnating solution.  The fibres may be dried at 50-80 DEG  C. and may then be baked at 105-140 DEG C. for from 1 minute to 1 hour, although higher or lower temperatures may be used, and they may then be stabilized and neutralized.  The products are fire-resistant, crease-resistant and have a low water-imbibition. In an example, a fabric made from viscose rayon staple is impregnated with a solution containing 20 per cent of orthophosphoric acid and 24 per cent of cyanamide, then mangled, dried, and heated for 7 minutes at 105 DEG  C.  In other examples solutions of sulphuric acid, ammonium sulphate and cyanamide, or phosphoric acid, cyanamide and formaldehyde are used, and the treatment of cotton and woollen fabrics is described. Specifications 476,043, 490,542, 506,793, 515,847, 604,197, [Group VIII], 648,883, [Group IV (a)], and U.S.A. Specifications 2,212,152, 2,247,353 and 2,418,525 are referred to.