baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-874030-A (GB)
Title: Process for extracting citric acid from aqueous solutions thereof
Filed: 1959-09-30
Abstract: Citric acid is extracted from aqueous solutions thereof by means of 2-butanol.  This may be used alone or with an auxiliary solvent capable of lowering the solubility of the 2-butanol in the aqueous phase and/or of increasing the purity of the extract, the mixture containing at least 50% by wt. of 2-butanol.  Specified auxiliary solvents include alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons.  The pH of the aqueous solution to be extracted is preferably 1.7 to 1.9, a strong mineral acid being added if required.  The extraction is preferably performed at a temperature not above 40 DEG C., preferably 15-40 DEG C.  The citric acid may be recovered from the 2-butanol by water-washing, preferably at 40-70 DEG C.  The 2-butanol solution may be pre-washed with an amount of water sufficient to remove only about 5-10% by weight of the citric acid in the butanol solution. The final aqueous solution of citric acid may be distilled to remove residual 2-butanol and concentrated to crystallise citric acid.  The mother liquor, 2-butanol and pre-washing water may be recycled in a continuous process.  An example describes a continuous process of extracting citric acid from a fermentation must from which mycelium and oxalic acid have been removed.
Patent GB-372377-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to turbines
IPC: F02C3/36
Filed: 1930-11-04
Abstract: 372,377. Gas turbine plant. AKTIEBOLAGET MILO, 17, Vastra Tradgardsgatan, Stockholm. Nov. 4, 1930, No. 33156. Convention date, March 24. Drawings to Specification. [Class 110 (iii).] A gas turbine plant comprises a multistage air-compression system, means for heating the compressed air at constant pressure to a temperature not less than 800‹ C., and a multistage radial flow reaction turbine system. The turbine system may include one or more machines of the oppositely-running rotor type. Specifications 368,317, 368,318, and 368,702 are referred to.
Patent GB-323858-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in covers for mattresses, cushions or the like
IPC: A47C21/06
Filed: 1928-11-13
Abstract: 323,858. Jackson, J. A. Nov. 13, 1928. Cushion and like covers are formed from a sheet of fabric folded transversely to envelop the cushion and maintained in shape by press studs 5, 7 or other fastenings arranged around the edges of the sheet, the cover at the ends oi the transverse fold being further folded to form gussets 4 to receive the corners of the cushion.
Patent GB-1440466-A (GB)
Title: Relatively movable parts
IPC: F16C17/24
Filed: 1973-07-12
Abstract: 1440466 Pivot bearings ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 12 July 1973 [13 July 1972] 33268/73 Heading E2F [Also in Division F2] An assembly having two relatively movable parts 11, 13 which have surfaces at which the parts oscillate relative to one another has an intermediate layer 12 between the two surfaces which contains a plurality of cavities 20 for receiving the products of wear. At least one surface of the movable parts is metallic. The intermediate layer may be of metal, or a synthetic or self lubricating material. Cavities may be provided in one or both sides of the layer and in the latter case, the cavities on one surface may interconnect with the cavities on the other surface. The cavities occupy at least the same area of the layer as the bearing surface and may occupy up to ten times the area of the bearing surface.
Patent GB-1025220-A (GB)
Title: Fluid pulse former
IPC: F15C1/14
Filed: 1964-08-14
Abstract: 1,025,220. Regulating fluid flow. SPERRY RAND CORPORATION. Aug. 14,1964 [Aug. 26, 1963], No.33316/64. Heading G3H. A fluid pulse former comprises a fluid amplifier having a power jet 16 Fig. 1 and control nozzles 26, 28 to direct the jet into outlet passages 20, 22. The passages are connected by channels 44, 46 of different length to the inlet 48 of an output channel 42. If it is assumed that the length of the channels 44, 46 are such that a time delay of two units and three units occurs respectively for the energy to travel along the channels after switching and that the control nozzle supply 26 is an input and the control nozzle supply 28 is a reset, the time chart, Fig. 3, (not shown) illustrates the operation. At time 0, the flow is through channel 44. If at time 1 the jet is switched by supply 26, two units later, the energy from channel 44 will cease at the output but the energy from channel 46 will not reach the output until a further unit thus the output between unit three and four will decrease. If the reset is applied at the beginning of unit five, two units later the energy from channel 44 will reach the output but the energy from channel 46 will not cease until a further unit thus a peak is provided between units seven and eight. The invention may also be used with an amplifier of the borten type or one having only one control nozzle where the power jet normally passes through the shorter channel.
Patent GB-610835-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing compounds of high pharmacological and therapeutic properties
IPC: C07D311/80
Filed: 1945-12-11
Abstract: 5-sec.-Alkylresorcinols are manufactured by clearing the ether groups of 3 : 5-dialkoxy-1-sec.-alkylbenzenes (e.g. by heating with hydrobromic acid), and are converted into 1-hydroxy-3-sec.-alkyl - 6 : 6 - dilower alkyl - 9 - methyl - 7 : 8 : 9 : 10 - tetrahydrobenzpyrans (which) possess marihuana-like activity) by condensation either (a) in one step with pulegone or (b) in two steps by the use of an alkyl (e.g. ethyl) ester of 5-methylcyclohexanone-2-carboxylic acid followed by treatment of the resulting dibenzopyrone with a lower alkyl magnesium halide (e.g. methyl magnesium iodide) and hydrolysis of the complex so formed. (The "lower alkyl" groups contain not more than four carbon atoms.) The hydroxy group in the products may be alkylated or acylated, and the tetrahydro ring of the dibenzopyran may be reduced to the hexahydrogenated state.  The starting materials are preferably prepared by treating a 3 : 5-dimethoxyphenyl alkyl ketone with an alkyl magnesium halide to form a 3 : 5 - dimethoxyphenyldialkylcarbinol, dehydrating this by distillation with sulphuric acid and reducing the resulting alkene to the corresponding alkane, e.g. by catalytic hydrogenation. Examples describe the complete synthesis, by method (b), of 1-hydroxy-3-sec.-alkyl-6 : 6 : 9 - trimethyl - 7 : 8 : 9 : 10 - tetrahydro - 6 - dibenzopyrans in which the sec.-alkyl group is: (1) 11-methylhexyl; (2) 11-methylpentyl; (3) 11-n-propylpentyl; (4) 11-methylbutyl; (5) 11-ethylbutyl; (6) 11-methylheptyl.  In further examples: (7) the products of (1) to (6) are heated with acetic anhydride and fused anhydrous sodium acetate to form the corresponding 1-acetoxy compounds; other acyl groups may be introduced by using the appropriate acid anhydride and sodium salt; (8) the products of (1) to (6) are converted to the alkyl ethers by refluxing with anhydrous potassium carbonate and an alkyl halide in acetone; (9) the products of (1) to (6) are hydrogenated at room temperature in glacial acetic acid in the presence of a platinum oxide catalyst to produce the corresponding hexahydro compounds; (10) (using method (a) above) 5-(11-methylbutyl)-resorcinol is refluxed with pulegone in benzene in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride.
Patent GB-1085777-A (GB)
Title: Hydrogen analyzer
IPC: G01N7/10
Filed: 1965-08-04
Abstract: 1,085,777. Gas analysis. ENGELHARD INDUSTRIES Inc. Aug. 4, 1965 [Aug. 5, 1964], No. 33456/65. Heading G1B. Apparatus for analysing the hydrogen content of a gaseous mixture comprises two chambers 12, 13 separated by a wall 11 and a closed tube 18, of hydrogen permeable metal e.g. palladium or an alloy of palladium with silver, boron or gold, the tube extending into the chamber 12 and opening into the chamber 13, a gas inlet tube opening into the bore of the tube 18 and an outlet 16 from the chamber 13, the arrangement being such that hydrogen in the gas mixture fed to the inlet tube 20 will permeate through the walls of the tube 18 until the pressure in the chamber 12, indicated on a gauge 35 equals the partial pressure of hydrogen in the gas mixture. If the pressure in the tube 20 and chamber 13 is maintained constant e. g. by use of a regulator 37 and valve 38, then the gauge 35 may be calibrated in per cent hydrogen for the gas mixture. The chamber 12 is heated by resistance wires 25 to 600 to 1000 ‹F. to enable diffusion through the tube to take place at a satisfactory rate.
Patent GB-1141511-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicles
IPC: B60P1/64
Filed: 1965-08-05
Abstract: 1,141,511. Trucks with suspended load. REDMAN TOOLS HOLDINGS Ltd., and C. PHILLIPS. 28 Oct., 1966 [5 Aug., 1965], No. 33517/65. Heading B7B. The rear part 13 of a semi-trailer together with the rear wheel units 14, 15 is pivotally mounted at 20 on the upper fifth wheel 19 so that they may be tilted upwardly by the jack 21 to clear the load unit 17 during picking it up or depositing it. Jacks 18 are used to lift the load unit 17 into a transporting position.
Patent GB-649818-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of substances obtained by fermentation
IPC: C12P25/00
Filed: 1948-12-31
Abstract: A fermentation process for the production of substances other than penicillin, such as streptomycin, riboflavin, and vitabin B12 comprises growing the culture in or on a medium containing the solids from a penicillin fermentation.  These solids are filtered off from the penicillin mash and may then be hydrolysed.  They are preferably sterilized before adding to the main culture medium.  In an example, streptomycin is produced by growing Streptomyces griseus on a medium consisting of penicillin solids 1 per cent, glucose 1 per cent, sodium chloride 0.5 per cent, magnesium sulphate 0.025 per cent, ferrous sulphate 0.001 per cent and the remainder water.  Malt extract, corn steep liquor, peptones, vegetable meals or extracts such as pea extract, fish meal, and dried or autolysed yeast may also be added. Specification 613,469 is referred to.ALSO:A fermentation process for the production of substances other than penicillin, such as streptomycin, riboflavin, and vitamin B12 comprises growing the culture in or on a medium containing the solids from a penicillin fermentation.  These solids are filtered off from the penicillin mash and may then be hydrolyzed.  They are preferably sterilized before adding to the main culture medium.  In an example, streptomycin is produced by growing Streptomyces griseus on a medium consisting of penicillin fermentation solids 1 per cent, glucose 1 per cent, sodium chloride 0.5 per cent, magnesium sulphate 0.025 per cent, ferrous sulphate 0.001 per cent and the remainder water.  Meat extract, corn steep liquor, peptones, vegetable meals or extracts such as pea extract, fish meal, and dried or autolyzed yeast may also be added. Specification 613,469, [Group IV (b)], is referred to.
Patent GB-811919-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to motor fuels
IPC: C10L1/06
Filed: 1955-11-24
Abstract: A motor gasoline consists of a blend of (i) 4.0 to 60 per cent by volume of a high octane, low volatility component consisting of the higher boiling fraction of a platinum reformate constituting 40 to 60 per cent by weight of the platinum reformate, and (ii) 60 to 40 per cent by volume of a high octane, high volatility component consisting of the lower boiling fraction of a catalytically cracked gasoline, the lower boiling fraction having an end boiling point between 80 DEG and 120 DEG  C.  The platinum reformate is material obtained by contacting 1 petroleum naphtha with a platinum catalyst at an elevated temperature in the presence of hydrogen.  The cracked gasoline is sweetened with copper chloride or is solutized to reduce the sulphur content. The fuel may contain tetraethyl lead.  Examples of compositions are given.
Patent GB-842823-A (GB)
Title: Motor car body
Inventor: VYKOUKAL RUDOLF
IPC: B60R5/04
Filed: 1958-10-22
Abstract: 842,823. Vehicle bodies. AUTOMOBILOVE ZAVODY NARODNI PODNIK. Oct. 22, 1958, No. 33801/58. Class 108(1). The luggage compartment d is disposed between the rear engine a and the rear seats of the vehicle and access is obtained by a single cover e preferably hinged to open sideways. When the cover e is closed the luggage is isolated from the engine compartment by the panel f and its resilient seal g. The spare wheel m is accessible through a hinged cover o.
Patent GB-1188303-A (GB)
Title: Drives for Coin Value Registers
Inventor: CHARLES JOHN ARTHUR
IPC: G07F15/00
Filed: 1966-07-28
Abstract: 1,188,303. Counting-apparatus. UNITED GAS INDUSTRIES Ltd. 28 July, 1967 [28 July, 1966], No. 33864/66. Heading G4D. In prepayment apparatus a coin of unit or multi-unit value advances a register 14 an appropriate number of steps. Use may be made of a coin-holder described in Specification 1,077,622, which positions a member 1 adjacent slide 4 or 5 according to the value of the coin. The slide 4 or 5 is then reciprocated by the member 1 to advance the register via 17, 18 by one step or via 20, 15 a plurality of steps. Alternatively the slides 4, 5 operate sun-wheels of a differential mechanism, one or both the slides being effective according to the value of the coin.
Patent GB-1483047-A (GB)
Title: Devices for removing matter picked up by vehicle wheels
IPC: B60S1/68
Filed: 1974-08-17
Abstract: 1483047 Brushes E C FEARON 17 July 1974 [17 July 1973] 33884/73 Heading A4K [Also in Division B7] A cleaning device for removing foreign matter from a peripheral surface portion of a wheel 10 of a motor vehicle comprises a brush 16 with a dependent flap 34 and a mounting 20 for securing the brush to the vehicle in contact with the surface portion to be cleaned. The mounting 20 is preferably secured, such as by bolts 26, to a suspension member of the wheel, its axle 18 as shown, so that the mounting moves in unison with the wheel to prevent relative movement of the wheel and brush. The brush 16 comprises a plastics body carrying a resiliently deformable flap 34 and bristles 28 the free ends of which form an arcuate contour for co-operation with the wheel surface contour. The bristles adjacent the bottom edge of the brush, may be angled to and stronger than the remaining bristles. The brush may be urged towards the wheel by a resiliently deformable member (not shown) the force of which may be adjustably preset.
Patent GB-757016-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of ammonium carbamate
IPC: C01B21/12
Filed: 1953-03-09
Abstract: A solution comprising ammonium carbamate, ammonia and water for the production of urea is produced by condensing a gaseous mixture of ammonia and carbon dioxide at a pressure of 20-45 atmos. and a temperature of 60-90 DEG C. preferably 70-85 DEG C. in the presence of liquid ammonia containing not more than 25 per cent, preferably less than 12 per cent. of water.  Condensation may be aided by external cooling.  Water and liquid ammonia may be fed separately to the condensing vessel.  The water may previously have been used to remove residual ammonia and carbon dioxide from the gases passing out of the condenser.
Patent GB-975337-A (GB)
Title: Free machining steels of improved transverse mechanical properties and method of making same
IPC: C22C38/60
Filed: 1962-09-04
Abstract: A method of producing a free machining resulphurized steel comprises adding sulphur and then uranium to the steel melt the percentage of uranium being 1-9 (preferably 2-5) times the percentage of sulphur. In an example uranium is aded to a steel containing C 0.1%, Cr 12%, S 0.25%.
Patent GB-627871-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pinwheel devices for feeding stationery through typewriters and like machines
IPC: B41J11/27
Filed: 1946-11-15
Abstract: 627,871. Typewriters, &c. SMITH & SON, Ltd., W. H., and LANEGAN, F. E. Nov. 15, 1946, No. 33991. [Class 100 (iv)] In a rotatable pin-wheel device of the kind used for feeding continuous stationery past the writing position of a typewriter or the like by engagement of taper-pointed radiallyextending pins with marginal perforations in the stationery, the pins are given a radially reciprocating movement for engagement and disengagement with the perforations, by means of a circular cam or eccentric, and there are three or more pins substantially fully extended at any time for engagement with the perforations. A cylindrical housing 1, Fig. 3, carried with the platen roll for rotation therewith has eleven evenly spaced semi-cylindrical grooves 2 to receive pointed feeding pins 3 in radial alignment with holes 4 in a peripheral flange 5 on the housing. The pins are positively reciprocated outwardly and inwardly by an eccentric circular cam ring 11, Figs. 3 and 5, engaging slots 12 in the pins and mounted on a cam plate 10 retained within the flange 5 by a short tube 13 secured to the housing and a ring 14 screwed on to the tube. The plate 10 has a radially extending fork 15 for engagement with a fixed rod or other part of the machine to prevent rotation of the cam member, the fork being adjustable to vary the circumferential position relative to the machine at which the pins are radially extended. Specification 408,125 is referred to.
Patent GB-408055-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in thermostatic switches
IPC: H01H29/18
Filed: 1932-12-01
Abstract: 408,055. Thermal switches; mercury switches. WINGFIELD, B. R., Brooklyn, The Green, West Drayton, Middlesex. Dec. 1, 1932, No. 34018. [Class 38 (v).] A thermal switch for the control of room temperature comprises an electromagnetically operated mercury switch adapted to carry a large heating current, the electromagnet being energized by a sensitive thermal relay subjected to room temperature. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 the electromagnetic mercury switch comprises a glass container 2 having sealed into it electrodes 8, 9, the electrode 8 being positioned inside a cupshaped extension 6 of the container 2, containing bodies of mercury 5, 7. An iron sheathed float 3 is arranged so that when a solenoid coil 10 is energized the float is drawn down causing the level of the mercury 7 to rise and make contact with the mercury in the cup 6 and hence bridge electrodes 8, 9. The solenoid is energized through the medium of a small tilting mercury switch 12 carried by the inner end of a bimetallic helix 17 the outer end of which is connected to a pivoted bracket 21 which can be adjusted by means of a pinion 211 to determine the temperature at which the switch shall operate. In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the thermal relay comprises a capsule 24 containing a volatile fluid mounted on a spindle 26 having screw-threaded engagement with a nut 27 so that the distance of the capsule from a spring contact arm 29 may be varied to change the temperature at which the switch operates. The contact arm carries at its free end an insulating plate 31 on which are mounted a contact 32 for engagement with a fixed contact 34, and an armature 33 which co-operates with a magnet 35 to give a quick make and break.
Patent GB-177844-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in stands for photographic cameras and the like
IPC: F16M13/08
Filed: 1920-12-03
Abstract: 177,844. Erskine, A. J. Dec. 3, 1920. Convertible into stands.-A camera stand comprises a, tubular member 1 which forms a casing for a pair of hinged legs 3 hedd therein by a cap, the whole forming a walking-stick. In use, the legs 3 are braced apart by a rule-jointed bar 5 which engages a slot in the top of the member 1 so forming a tripod stand, the legs 3 carrying a ball and socket jointed attachment 9. The tubular member 1 and the legs 3 may be of telescopic formation.
Patent GB-921064-A (GB)
Title: Sheet-delivery device for a rotary printing press
IPC: B65H29/68
Filed: 1960-10-06
Abstract: 921,064. Delivering sheets. MASCHINENFABRIK GOEBEL G.m.b.H. Oct. 6, 1960 [Oct. 8, 1959], No. 34359/60. Class 100 (1). A rotary knife 9 cuts a web of paper as it is delivered from a rotary printing press into sheets 13 which are fed by endless belts 10, passing over a suction box 11 to the grippers such as 14, 16, 18 of an endless gripper chain 12. The lower run of the chain 12 passes over two delivery tables 3, 4 suspended at their four corners by chains from which they can be removed, and over an auxiliary delivery board 7. Cams 19, 20 are pivotally mounted above the tables 3, 4 respectively and a fixed cam 21 is mounted above the board 7. The cams 19-21 open the grippers on the gripper chain, which are normally held closed by springs, by engaging cam-follower levers carried by each set of grippers on the chain. An electric counting device is coupled to the forme cylinder or other rotating part of the printing press and controls solenoids 22, 23. When a predetermined number of sheets has been delivered to the table 3, which is lowered as the pile of sheets builds up, the solenoid 22 is actuated so as to raise the cam 19 out of the path of the cam follower levers and the solenoid 23 is actuated so as to bring the cam 20 down into this path, whereby sheets are no longer delivered to the table 3 and a new pile is started on the table 4. The table 3 is then emptied or replaced by an empty table in readiness for receiving a new pile when the pile on the table 4 is complete. As the sheets leave the grippers they are braked by either of suction brakes 24, 25. In order to remove a sheet of the run for checking the operator momentarily energizes the solenoid 22 or 23 which is not then energized so that one set of grippers is not opened over either of the tables 3, 4 but deposits its sheet on the board 7 when it is opened by the cam 21. The act of withdrawing a sheet for inspection regulates the counting device on the printing machine in such a way that the withdrawn sheet is not counted in the total.
Patent GB-822122-A (GB)
Title: Process and plant for the low-temperature cooling of a difficultly liquefiable gas
IPC: F25J1/00
Filed: 1957-11-04
Abstract: 822,122. Liquefaction of gases. SULZER FRERES S. A. Nov. 4, 1957, No. 34363/57. Class 8(2). Cooling of permanent gases to effect liquefaction thereof without expansion with external work is effected by passing the gas through a line 2, Fig. 1, of a heat exchanger 3 traversed by a reverse flow of a cold refrigerant in a line 12 from which the refrigerant is then recycled to the cold end of the enchanger through a compressor 23, an aftercooler 24 and at least one expansion engine. As shown the refrigerant on leaving the cooler 24 traverses passages 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 of heat exchangers 22, 21, 20, 6, 7 between which are located expansion turbines 27, 29, 31, 33 and cold refrigerant in line 25 is joined at a point 38 with make-up refrigerant from a cylinder 35 and is divided into a portion flowing through the line 12 and a portion in a line 16 traversing exchangers 20, 21, 22. The gas leaving line 2 is further cooled in line 4, 5 of exchangers 6, 7 and is collected in the liquid phase in a tank 8. In a modification the refrigerant comprises a portion of the gas leaving the cold end of the heat exchanger 2 and which is then cooled by compression and expansion. In a further modification the refrigerant comprises unliquefied gas from the tank 8, Fig. 3, and which passes along a line 471 to a point 52 where it is joined by cold gas having been forced by the compressor 23 through the cooler 24, heat exchangers 22, 21, 20, 6, 7 and an additional exchanger 60 together with expansion turbines 27, 29, 31, 33 and an additional turbine 58. A minor portion of the refrigerant gas leaving turbine 31 traverses a line 25<SP>1</SP> leading back to the tank 8 through heat exchangers 51, 34. The gas to be liquefied is forced into the system by a compressor 67 and to prevent more feed than the refrigerant cycle can liquefy part of the refrigerant is led from the exchanger 3 through a line 70 to the inlet of the compressor 67.