Patent GB-613850-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of water-dispersible chemical products capable of imparting hydrophobic properties to textile fibres
IPC: D06M13/322
Filed: 1945-12-20
Abstract: A nitrile having a chain of more than nine carbon atoms is heated with an inorganic acid chloride and formaldehyde or a polymer thereof, and the intermediate product is reacted with a tertiary amine to produce a compound which gives foaming solutions and makes textiles water-repellent on application thereto, followed by backing. The nitrile and acid chloride may first be heated separately before addition of the formaldehyde. Solvents, e.g. toluene, varsol (a petroleum distillate) ethyl acetate may be employed.  Condensing agents, e.g. zinc or aluminium chloride, may be present in the first step.  Tertiary amines specified are pyridine, lutidine, quinoline, trimethylamine, alpha-, beta-, or gamma-picoline, or mixtures thereof.  Inorganic acid chlorides specified are phosphorus trichloride, pentachloride and oxychloride, and sulphuryl chloride, thionyl chloride, and sulphur monochloride.  Nitriles specified are lauronitrile, palmitonitrile, stearonitrile, docosanonitrile, tetracosanonitrile, stearylbenzonitrile, palmitonaphthonitrile, dodedecylphenyl cyanide, cyanostearophenone.  The products may be applied to textiles (see Group VIII) from solutions in water, or as pastes with water-soluble solvents such as dioxane, the diethyl ether of diethylene glycol, methyl acetate, ethyl lactate, or the monomethyl ether of diethylene glycol acetate.  Saponifiable or vegetable or hydrocarbon waxes or metallic soaps may partly replace the nitriles, e.g. candelilla, montan, japan, or carnauba wax, or the stearates or palmitates of aluminium, barium, magnesium, zinc, or strontium.  The products may be neutralised with, e.g. sodium acetate, before application to textiles. Examples describe the use of stearonitrile, paraformaldehyde, and pyridine with (1) phosphorus trichloride; (2) phosphorus pentachloride; (3) sulphuryl chloride; (4) sulphur chloride, and (5) thionyl chloride; they also describe (6) the use of octodecanonitrile with phosphorus oxychloride, paraformaldehyde and pyridine; (7) the use of lauronitrile with phosphorus trichloride, paraformaldehyde, and picoline; (8) the use of palmitonitrile with phosphorus trichloride, paraformaldehyde, and picoline; (9) the use of stearonitrile with candelilla wax, phosphorus trichloride, paraformaldehyde, and picoline.ALSO:A nitrile having a chain of more than nine carbon atoms is heated with an inorganic acid chloride and formaldehyde or a polymer thereof, and the intermediate product is reacted with a tertiary amine to produce a compound which gives foaming solutions and makes textiles water repellent on application thereto, followed by baking.  The nitrile and acid chloride may first be heated separately before addition of the formaldehyde.  Solvents, e.g. toluene, varsol (a petroleum distillate), ethyl acetate may be employed.  Condensing agents, e.g. zinc or aluminium chloride, may be present in the first step. Tertiary amines specified are pyridine, lutidine, quinoline, trimethylamine, alpha-, beta- or gamma-picoline, or mixtures thereof. Inorganic acid chlorides specified are phosphorus trichloride, pentachloride, and oxychloride and sulphuryl chloride, thionyl chloride and sulphur monochloride.  Nitriles specified are lauronitrile, palmitonitrile, stearonitrile, docosanonitrile, tetracosanonitrile, stearylbenzonitrile, palmitonaphthonitrile, dodecylphenyl cyanide, cyanostearophonone.  The products may be applied to textiles from solutions in water, or as pastes with water-soluble solvents such as dioxane, the diethyl ether of diethylene glycol, methyl acetate, ethyl lactate, or the monomethyl ether of diethylene glycol acetate.  Saponifiable or vegetable or hydrocarbon waxes or metallic soaps may partly replace the nitriles, e.g. candelilla, montan, japan or carnauba wax, or the stearates or palmitates of aluminium, barium, magnesium, zinc, or strontium.  The products may be neutralized with e.g. sodium acetate before application to textiles.  Examples describe the use of stearonitrile, paraformaldehyde and pyridine with (1) phosphorus trichloride, (2) phosphorus pentachloride, (3) sulphuryl chloride, (4) sulphur chloride, and (5) thionyl chloride; they also describe (6) the use of octodecanonitrile with phosphorus oxychloride, paraformaldehyde and pyridine; (7) the use of lauronitrile with phosphorus trichloride, paraformaldehyde picoline; (8) the use of palmitonitrile with phosphorus trichloride, paraformaldehyde and picoline; (9) the use of stearonitrile with candelilla wax, phosphorus trichloride, paraformaldehyde and picoline.  The examples also give details of the use of the products in aqueous dispersions to apply to textiles such as cotton, linen, rayon, acetate wool and silk.