Patent GB-785474-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of polyalkylene oxide-polybasic carboxylic acid condensation products
IPC: D21H17/53
Filed: 1955-03-21
Abstract: A polyalkylene oxide or derivative thereof, of molecular weight greater than 1000, and which has a lipophilic group and at least one free hydroxyl group condensed with a polybasic carboxylic acid or ester containing at least three carboxyl groups and at least one lipophilic group (see Group IV (a)) is used as a dispersing agent alone or in combination with known emulsifiers.  Specified polyalkylene oxides are the reaction products of alkylene oxides, e.g. propylene oxide, and epichlorhydrin with polyhydric alcohols, e.g. glycerine and pentaerythritol; whilst the derivatives thereof comprise the reaction products of higher molecular weight alcohols, amines or mercaptans with ethylene oxide, or the esterification or etherification products of higher molecular weight carboxylic acids or alcohols with polyethylene oxides.  Specified acids are the reaction products of unsaturated fatty acids, e.g. oleic acid, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, erucic acid, mixtures of unsaturated fatty acids from marine animal oils or brassidic acid with maleic anhydride.  Emulsified are mineral, animal, vegetable or synthetic fats or waxes (which may be sulphonated), natural or synthetic resins or oils, natural or synthetic rubber or albumens.  Other dispersing agents which may be coemployed are alkyl sulphates and sulphonates, alkyl-benzene sulphonates, alkyl phosphates, ethylene oxide addition products of fatty acids or cation active compounds.ALSO:Polyalkylene oxides or derivatives thereof, said oxides or derivatives possessing in addition to a lipophilic group at least one free hydroxyl group and having a molecular weight of at least 1000 are condensed with a polycarboxylic acid containing at least three carboxyl groups and at least one lipophilic group. Specified lipophilic groups are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aliphaticaromatic groups containing at least six carbon atoms. Specified polyalkylene oxides contain a plurality of alkylene oxide groups, e.g. polyethylene glycols with a molecular weight not greater than 10,000, or reaction products of alkylene oxides or epichlorhydrin with polyhydric alcohols, e.g. glucose or pentaerythritol.  The polyalkylene oxide derivatives are defined as the condensation products of alkylene oxides with high molecular weight compounds which contain linked through oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, a lipophilic group and at least one free hydroxyl group, e.g. the reaction products of higher molecular weight alcohols, amines or mercaptans with ethylene oxide, or the esterification or etherification products of higher molecular weight alcohols or carboxylic acids with polyethylene oxides.  The polybasic acids may be prepared by reacting unsaturated hydrocarbons or fatty acids, e.g. oleic acid, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, erucic acid or brassidic acid with maleic anhydride.  In the examples: (1) a polyethylene glycol of average molecular weight 9000 is condensed with a reaction product of soya oil fatty acid and maleic anhydride, in examples (2) to (4), a polyethylene oxide of average molecular weight 9000 is condensed with a reaction product of maleic anhydride and (2) linoleic acid, (3) oleic acid, and (4) soya oil fatty acid. Examples (5) to (9) describe the treatment of products similar to those in examples (1) to (4) by (5) heating with sulphonated sperm oil and sodium alkyl sulphate, an aqueous emulsion formed with the resultant mixture being mixed with chrome tanning salts, (6) dissolving in water, mixing with neat's-foot oil and emulsifying, (7) dissolving in water and mixing with chloroparaffin, decalin and powdered chromium oxide, (8) dissolving in water and mixing with a reaction product of oleyl alcohol and ethylene oxide, sperm oil then being added to form an emulsion, (9) dissolving in water and mixing with carnauba wax to form an emulsion.  The products may be used as auxiliary agents for leather and textiles, thickening agents, dispersing and emulsifying agents, surface protection agents and as solid vehicles for colouring matter.