baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1213670-A (GB)
Title: Integrated circuit manufacturing
IPC: H01L23/525
Filed: 1968-11-01
Abstract: 1,213,670. Integrated circuits. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 1 Nov., 1968 [19 Jan., 1968], No. 51904/68. Heading H1K. A process for the manufacture of a circuit system comprises forming groups of integrated circuits, each group containing a number of equivalent circuits connected together in parallel relationship, testing individual circuits in turn until the requisite number in each group having the desired characteristics is formed, and then discontinuing testing and disconnecting the remaining circuits of the group. Fig. 2 shows part of a monolithic Si structure including two equivalent circuits 2, 3 of a single group formed conventionally by diffusion &c., each circuit including an NPN transistor 4 and diffused resistors 5, 6. Al interconnections 12-19 are provided within each circuit and between adjacent circuits, and a fuse section 23 between pads 22 permits disconnection of unwanted circuits from the common power line 17 by discharging a condenser between probes applied to the pads 22. The circuits may be arranged as a matrix in a common substrate, with circuits of one row comprising a group. Circuits of different groups may be initially interconnected to form the circuit system, or connections between only the satisfactory circuits may be made after disconnection of the unwanted circuits. The invention is also applicable to circuit systems involving a number of substrates or to hybrid or thin-film circuits.
Patent GB-1110489-A (GB)
Title: Baker's all-purpose, plastic shortening composition
IPC: A21D2/16
Filed: 1966-11-22
Abstract: An all-purpose plastic glyceride shortening composition comprises a shortening base and from 4.5 to 8.0% by weight of the total shortening composition of a combination of additives totalling 100 parts by weight comprising from 55 to 75 parts by weight of monoester of glycerol and fatty acid having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and a complement of 45 to 25 parts by weight of a mixture of (a) a monoester of propylene glycol and fatty acid having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and (b) a monoester of polyoxyethylene sorbitan containing substantially 20 oxyethylene groups per molecule and fatty acid having from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, the weight ratio of (a) to (b) being from 1:1 to 10:1 and the concentration of (a) not exceeding 2.4% by weight of the total shortening composition.  The shortening base may be obtained from cottonseed, soybean, rapeseed, peanut, olive, palm, palm kernel, corn, sunflower, safflower, sesame seed, rice bran, wallflower, nasturtium seed, mustard seed, crambeseed, whale, sardine, herring, menhaden or pilchard oil, or lard or tallow; it may be synthetic; it may comprise a di- or tri-glyceride having one or two C2 to C6 residues and one or two C12 to C22 residues; it may be an interesterification or superglycerination product. The preferred base is partially hydrogenated cottonseed and/or soybean oil of I.V. from 70 to 80. The glycerine monoesters may be pure or mixtures and may also be superglycerination products.  The propylene glycol monoesters may be pure or mixtures; they may be interesterification products. Preferred is propylene glycol monostearate.  The preferred polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoester is polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (e.g. "Tween" 60-Registered Trade Mark). Optional additives are methyl silicone, butylated hydroxytoluene or butylated hydroxyanisole, sorbic acid and carotene.
Patent GB-1163008-A (GB)
Title: Hydrorefining of Petroleum Crude Oils and other Heavy Oils
Inventor: O'HARA MARK JOSEPH
IPC: C10G47/00
Filed: 1966-11-22
Abstract: 1,163,008. Hydrofining. UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS CO. 22 Nov., 1966, No. 52220/66. Heading C5E. In a process for hydro-refining petroleum crude oil and other heavy oil charge stock containing asphaltenic and organo-metallic contaminants by reacting said charge stock with hydrogen in the presence of adsorptive hydrogenation catalyst and at a temperature below that at which thermal cracking of asphaltenes occurs, the temperature of said catalyst, when it has accumulated from 20 weight per cent to 50 weight per cent asphaltenes, is increased to at least a level at which thermal cracking of asphaltenes is effected, and the raised temperature is maintained thereat until said asphaltenes are cracked and resulting normally liquid hydrocarbons are recovered. The process removes asphaltenes and metallic compounds of nickel, vanadium, iron, copper, lead and zinc from the oil, and also reduces the amounts of nitrogen and sulphur. The catalyst may comprise one or more metals or compounds of metals from the group of vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, platinum, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium or mixtures thereof supported on an inorganic oxide such as alumina, silica, zirconia, magnesia, titania, boria, strontia, hafnia or mixtures of two or more of these. The catalyst may also contain combined halogen and boric or phosphoric acids. The catalysts may be operated as a fluidized bed.
Patent GB-1204198-A (GB)
Title: Chlorination process
Inventor: COLE COLIN FRANCIS
IPC: C22B34/12
Filed: 1967-11-17
Abstract: 1,204,198. Chlorination process. BRITISH TITAN PRODUCTS CO. Ltd. 7 Nov., 1968 [17 Nov., 1967], No. 52511/67. Heading CIA. Finely divided titaniferous materials (those containing titanium dioxide) are chlorinated in a fluidized bed, in the presence of a reducing agent and an added source of potassium, chromium, lanthanum or vanadium. The preferred additive is a chromium source such as chromite ore. A source of calcium, manganese or cerium may be used in conjunction with the previously mentioned additives. Suitable amounts of primary and secondary additive are between 0À01% and 2.5%, giving a permissible total of 5% of additives based on the weight of titanium dioxide in the titaniferous material, and the preferred titaniferous material is rutile. Additives may be either blended with the titaniferous material without wetting and drying, or they may be added in aqueous solution, the addition being followed by oven drying. The reaction may be carried out at temperatures between 800‹ and 1400‹ C. The reducing agent may be a solid form of carbon having a suitable particle size for fluidization, and is preferably coke.
Patent GB-1483587-A (GB)
Title: Porous polymers and their production
IPC: C08F2/18
Filed: 1974-10-21
Abstract: 1483587 Production of porous polymer beads PORTALS WATER TREATMENT Ltd 21 Oct 1974 [13 Nov 1973] 52651/73 Headings C3C and C3P Polymer beads of predetermined porosity and matrix expansion are prepared by polymerization of a mono-olefinic monomer (optionally with up to 16% diolefinic monomer) in the presence of 10-70% of good solvent (defined) and 5-30% of good non-solvent (defined), the polymerization being conducted in suspension in a continuous phase which does not dissolve monomer, polymer, solvent or non-solvent. Specified good solvents are benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloroethane and trichloroethylene and water. Specified good non-solvents are polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and polyisobutylene. Specified monomers are methyl(meth)acrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and styrene optionally with divinyl ketone, vinyl methacrylate, divinyl oxalate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and divinyl benzene, with all of which water can be employed as continuous phase; and the sodium salt of vinyl sulphonic acid, with which the continuous phase may be heptane or paraffin oil. Initiators, e.g. benzoyl peroxide and azobisisobutyronitrile may be employed, as may dispersing agents, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, hydroxymethyl cellulose or calcium phosphate, and when the continuous phase is organic, an oilsoluble dispersion stabilizer may be used. After polymerization, solvent and non-solvent may be removed, e.g. by distillation and the beads dried; where desired they may be converted to ion-exchange resins by e.g. sulphonation or chloromethylation and amination. The examples describe the production of styrene/ divinyl benzene comonomer beads subsequently reacted with chloromethyl ether and trimethylamine or with sulphuric acid.
Patent GB-1133227-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in absorption refrigeration apparatus operating with inert gas
IPC: F25B39/02
Filed: 1965-12-13
Abstract: 1,133,227. Refrigerating. ELECTROLUX Ltd. 13 Dec., 1965[23 Dec., 1964], No. 52739/65. Heading F4H. In a continuous cycle absorption refrigeration system of the inert gas type, the pipe 25 for conveying liquid refrigerant from the condenser 21 to the low-temperature evaporator 40 (Fig. 3) is in heat exchange with one pass of the gas heat exchanger 23 and the pipe 47 for conveying liquid refrigerant from the low to the high temperature evaporator 41 is in heat exchange with the other pass of heat exchanger 23. Thus the liquid in pipe 25 is cooled by the gas passing from evaporator 41 to the absorber while the liquid in pipe 47 cools the gas passing from the absorber to evaporator 40. Pipe 25 is introduced into evaporator 40 at a point 43 and extends through a substantial part of the length of the evaporator before terminating at a point 44. The system further includes an absorber vessel 16, Fig. 1, the pipe 18 for returning solution from the absorber 17 to the outer tube 15 of the liquid heat exchanger being connected to the latter at a point external to the absorber vessel. Tube 15 is arranged to terminate within the absorber vessel to communicate with the liquid stored therein. The inner tube 13 of the liquid heat exchanger is fed by a pump 11, has apertures 14 at its upper end for supplying vapour to tube 15 and extends through the absorber vessel en route to the absorber. Liquid and vapour from tube 15 are supplied through an upwardly inclined tube 19, which acts as a rectifier, to pipe 20 from which liquid passes to pump 11 and vapour to condenser 21 via a separator 22. Defrosting.-The upper part of tube 15 is bent to form an inverted U, the left-hand leg 28 of which communicates through pipe 27 with the evaporator and, through an inverted U-tube 30, with the right-hand leg of tube 15. Refrigerant slowly condenses in leg 28 until it reaches a level corresponding to the top of tube 30, at which point the latter siphons the refrigerant from leg 28 into tube 15. Hot refrigerant vapour is then free to enter the evaporator via line 27 for defrosting, which continues until condensate, which will form in line 27 and run back into leg 28, accumulates sufficiently to block the end of line 27.
Patent GB-1216858-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in paper or paper pulp drying plants with heat-recovery installations
IPC: D21F5/00
Filed: 1968-11-08
Abstract: 1,216,858. Recovering heat from exhaust gases of a drying plant. VALMET OY. 8 Nov., 1968 [10 Nov., 1967], No. 52920/68. Heading F4G. A paper or paper pulp drying plant comprises a building acommodating a dryer enclosed in a hood, ducts, blowers and heat exchangers whereby fresh air is drawn in from outside the building, heated, flows inside the building outside the hood, then flows into and through the hood and as exhaust air yields heat and leaves through a heat recovery unit comprising a heat exchanger in which water circulating in a closed system is heated by the exhaust air, the water conveying heat to at least one heat exchanger in which the fresh air is indirectly heated. The drying plant may comprise drying cylinders or blowers. In the embodiment shown, the exhaust gas is passed by conduit 11 to a heat recovery unit 12 in which the gas is passed through plate heat exchangers 14 to give up heat to water circulating in a closed system. The gas is then washed with water from nozzles 17 and the heated water collected in basin 18. The hot water from the heat exchangers 14 is passed to compartment 22B of tank 22, from which it is pumped to a radiator (not shown) for heating ventilating air being passed to the drying compartment, the cooled water being passed to compartment 22A for recycling to heat exchangers 14. The heated ventilating air is supplied from a duct via openings 6 to a chamber surrounding hood 10 and is then passed via duct 7 which may contain a heater heated by the circulating water, to opening 9 leading to the drying compartment. The circulating water may also give up heat for other purposes, e.g. to heat water used in wash-hand basins.
Patent GB-1337456-A (GB)
Title: Magneta couplers and process for their preparation
IPC: C07D231/34
Filed: 1971-11-16
Abstract: 1337456 Magenta couplers FUJI PHOTO FILM CO Ltd 16 Nov 1971 [16 Nov 1970] 53236/71 Heading C2C [Also in Division G2] Magenta couplers comprising compounds of general Formula (I)  where X is an acylamino or ethoxy group, Y is a hydrogen atom or an acyl group, and X and/or Y is substituted with a ballasting group containing from 17 to 25 carbon atoms, are synthesized by reducing the nitro group of 1-(3- nitro - 2,4,6 - trimethylphenyl) - 3 - acylamino- 5 - pyrazolone or 1 - (3 - nitro - 2,4,6 - trimethylphenyl) - 3 - ethoxy - 5 - pyrazolone to form 1 - (3 - amino - 2,4,6 - trimethylphenyl)- 3 - acylamino - 5 - pyrazolone or 1 - (3 - amino- 2,4,6 - trimethylphenyl) - 3 - ethoxy - 5 - pyrazolone respectively, and, where Y is an acyl group, further acylating the amino group at the 3-position of the phenyl group.
Patent GB-532962-A (GB)
Abstract: 532,962. Asymmetrically-conducting resistances. WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO., Ltd., WILLIAMS, A. L., and CUBITT, R. H. Aug. 3, 1939, No. 22592. [Class 37] A number of aluminium &c. disc, are clamped on the counter - electrode of a copper-oxide or other dry rectifier by insulated rivets or bolts which hold connector strips. Iri the example a base plate 1 with semi-conductor and counter-electrode layers on both surfaces bears, on each side, contact discs 2, 3 clenched by rivets 4 which also hold the connector strips 7. An insulating sleeve 5 is provided on each rivet. Soft metal washers 6 and spring washers 8 may also be interposed as shown.
Patent GB-1200997-A (GB)
Title: A drive for a toy vehicle
Inventor: BROSS HELMUT
IPC: A63H29/18
Filed: 1968-11-13
Abstract: 1,200,997. Toy vehicle drive. H. BROSS and H. STELTER. 13 Nov., 1968 [22 Nov., 1967], No. 53917/68. Heading A6S. The drive for a toy vehicle comprises a drive axle, 4, an elastically stretchable drive cord, 10, a coupling member, 7, releaseably engageable with the drive cord, the coupling member having at least one hook shape protuberance, 9, located thereon and is fixed to the drive axle, the axle being displaceable towards the drive cord to allow the protuberance to engage the drive cord to stretch and wind it about the axle during rotation of the axle in one direction whereby the wound cord is capable of unwinding from the axle to drive the axle in a direction opposite to said one direction, the axle being movable away from the cord after unwinding thereof so that the protuberance is disengaged from the cord when the cord has been unwound from the drive axle. The engaged section of the cord, 10', is and remains parallel to the axle, the axle being displaceable along slots 6. A resilient means may be provided for pressing the axle away from thedrive cord after the cord has been unwound. The cord is covered with an extensible covering for preventing the cord being overstretched. The cord has sections arranged one above the other and/or side by side, guide means, 13, being provided to change the direction of the cord from one section to another. Guide means may be arranged adjacent to the drive axle for deflecting the cord inwardly during winding of the cord on the drive axle, the member, 8, of which may be tapered towards the ends of the drive axle. A brake, associated with the drive axle may be provided, to prevent the cord being unwound from the drive axle, the brake being in the form of a lever adapted to engage with a locking hook which has a curved shape, the curvature thereof being-opposite in direction to the protuberance 9, the brake including a resilient portion allowing rotation of the axle in the one said direction. Disclosure is made of a means preventing stretching of the drive cord, by engaging with the protuberance, 9, at the time when the axle, 4, reaches the end of its displacement in slot 6, and of a helical spring means 22, forcing return of axle 4, to the free wheeling position, when the slot, 6, is vertical.
Patent GB-540384-A (GB)
Abstract: 540,384. Hot plate stoves; atmospheric gas burners. GAS LIGHT & COKE CO., MINCHIN, L. T., HARRISON, D., and DUNNING, E. W. B. April 12, 1940, No. 6702. [Classes 75 (i) and 126] An injection nozzle 14 supplies a fully aerated mixture to a burner mouth 13 fitted with a flame trap consisting of perforated metal 18 or other heat-resisting material and arranged close to an imperforate hot plate 20 which may be formed with downwardly projecting fins, ribs or pegs 22. The nozzle 14 may discharge horizontally into a throat leading to a gently curved passage carrying an upright burner head or, as shown, may discharge into an upright venturi tube supported on the nozzle by a spider 32. The flame trap 18 may be ridged or formed as an inverted cone and its perforations may consist of slits or circular holes. The casing in which the burner is mounted is closed except for an air inlet and a flue outlet. A bowl 30 reflecting radiant heat on to the hot plate may be mounted on to the burner head. Apertures may be provided in the bowl to prevent resonance. Suitable dimensions of the injection nozzle, mixing tube, perforations in the plate 18; and the hot plate are stated in the Specification. The air and gas may be mixed in the proportions of 7 to 1. The flame trap 18 may be made of the alloy sold under the Registered Trade Mark " Tungum."
Patent GB-1224336-A (GB)
Title: Stabilized heat-curable acrylate rubber compositions
IPC: C08K13/02
Filed: 1968-11-14
Abstract: 1,224,336. Heat-curable acrylate rubber compositions. B. F. GOODRICH CO. 14 Nov., 1968 [14 Nov., 1967], No. 54092/68. Heading C3P. Heat-curable acrylate rubber compositions comprise (1) an interpolymer containing (a) a major proportion of at least one rubberproducing acrylic or methacrylic ester, (b) 0À2- 2-5% by weight of the interpolymer of units of an N-alkoxymethyl-acrylamide or -methacrylamide and (c) 0-3À8% by weight of the interpolymer of units of another monoolefinically, terminally α,#-unsaturated amide having at least one amido H atom, which apart from the amido group consists only of C and H atoms; (2) 0À05-5 parts per 100 parts by weight of interpolymer of an acidic material (curing accelerator); and (3) an inorganic phosphite (to improve heat aging properties of the cured rubber). Suitable (meth)acrylic ester components (a) are alkyl (C 1 -C 12 ) and cyanoalkyl (cyano-ethyl to cyano-heptyl) acrylates, and alkyl (C 5 -C 14 ) methacrylates; optional component (c) is suitably acrylamide, methacrylamide or an N-alkylamide of the formula CH 2  = CR 2 -CONH-R 3  where R 2  is H or C 1 -C 4  alkyl and R 3  is C 1 -C 6  alkyl. The interpolymer may also contain a minor amount of units of one or more other monomers, e.g. (meth)- acrylonitrile, vinylidene cyanide, resin-forming methacrylates, α-cyanomethyl or α-cyanoethyl acrylate, vinyl or vinylidene chloride, styrene, vinyl ethers or esters, vinylpyridine, ethylene, propylene, (meth)acrylic acid, and maleic, fumaric or itaconic acid and esters thereof. Suitable as the acidic material (2) are organic acids (particularly carboxylic and sulphonic acids) having b.p. greater than 100 C. and preferably above 150 C., and precursors of such acids, e.g. anhydrides, sulphonates and sulphones; other usable acidic materials include acidic carbon blacks and acidic clay fillers. Examples of the inorganic phosphite (3) are hypophosphites, metaphosphites, phosphites and orthophosphites of Ba, Ca, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Ni, Sr, Cd, Zn, K, Na, Co and Cu. Other conventional compounding agents such as carbon black and stearic acid may also be included in the curable compositions. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,071,464.
Patent GB-1209806-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for producing cleaning foam
IPC: A47L11/32
Filed: 1968-11-14
Abstract: 1,209,806. Cleaning foam device. SIEMENS-ELECTROGERATE G.m.b.H. 14 Nov., 1968 [15 Nov., 1967], No. 54175/68. Heading A4F. A device for producing cleaning foam includes a chamber 7 containing cleaning fluid, a pressure chamber comprising a union 19 for connection to a vacuum cleaner blown air outlet, and a duct 3 extending from the union to the bottom of the device and communicating with the fluid chamber, and a hollow shaft 8 in the fluid chamber having an upper cleaning fluid inlet 9 closable by a spring loaded valve 14 in the shaft and a lower cleaning fluid outlet 10 containing a porous member 11, a non-return valve 18 being provided in the union. A brush 17 and roller 18 distribute the foam produced. Foaming occurs as a result of air passing through apertures 6 in duct wall 4, and a partial air bypass may be provided in the form of aperture 20.
Patent GB-1324480-A (GB)
Title: Selective hydrocracking and isomerization of paraffin hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C5/27
Filed: 1971-11-23
Abstract: 1324480 Selective hydrocracking; isomerization TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORP 23 Nov 1971 [24 Dec 1970] 54274/71 Heading C5E Paraffin hydrocarbons having at least 6 carbon atoms are converted by contacting with hydrogen in the presence of a fluorided Re, Pt, Pd, Rh or Ru-alumina catalyst and in the presence of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide introduced at an average rate of 5 x 10<SP>-6</SP> to 1 x 10<SP>-3</SP> gram mole per hour per gram of catalyst. The oxide of carbon can be introduced either continuously or intermittently and moderates the activity of the catalyst to enable greater selectivity to be obtained. The conversion is carried out at 400-900‹ F. using a catalyst containing 0À5 to 15 wt. per cent fluorine and 0À1 to 5 wt. per cent metal on alumina which can contain thoria, zirconia, titania or 5 wt. per cent silica. Straight run oil boiling from 70‹ to 200‹ F. can be isomerized, C 7  to C 10  paraffins and mixtures thereof boiling from 400‹ F. can be selectively hydrocracked and/or isomerized to produce propane, isobutane, isopentane and isohexane, C 11  to C 15  paraffins and mixtures boiling from 400‹ to 600‹ F. can be selectively hydrocracked to produce normal and iso C 5 -C 9  gasoline blending components, C 10  to C 27  paraffins ano fuel and gas oils boiling from 560-1000‹ F. can be hydrocracked to produce jet and diesel fuels, and paraffinic residual oils and slack waxes can be isomerized to produce high viscosity index base oils having lower pour points together with lighter products.
Patent GB-1169937-A (GB)
Title: Contact Drum and method for Heat Exchange with Travelling Strip
IPC: F28D11/00
Filed: 1966-12-06
Abstract: 1,169,937. Rollers. UNITED STATES STEEL CORP. 6 Dec., 1966 [13 Dec., 1965], No. 54618/66. Heading F2U. To increase heat conduction between a watercooled roller 10 and a strip S to be cooled, in vacuum, e.g. after coating the strip by condensation of metallic vapour in a vacuum, the roller includes a number of longitudinally extending circumferentially spaced valves 31 adapted to be opened by the strip material on contacting the roller to allow a gas supplied to the interior of the roller to pass out between the decreasing gap between the roller and strip. Each valve comprises a member 31a having a T-shaped cross-section, the leg of the T being formed with grooves and being biased out through slots in the roller surface by springs 33 in valve pockets 32 formed with gas inlet holes 32a. The gas is fed to the interior of the roller from inlet 21 via conduits 27, 28, and cooling water from inlet 19, via tube 10a, double end wall 12, axially extending passages adjacent the surface of the roller between the valves, double end wall 13, conduits 26, 25 to the outlet 20. The roller body 11 may be knurled or otherwise surface patterned. A BT rotor seal 18 is provided.