Patent GB-1155196-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Gear Boxes
IPC: G05F1/56
Filed: 1966-06-15
Abstract: 1,155,196. Change-speed control. ROBERT BOSCH G.m.b.H. 15 June, 1966 [27 Jan., 1966], No. 26591/66. Heading F2D. [Also in Division H3] In a gear control arrangement providing for either manual control of a four-speed and reverse gear with automatic disengagement of an hydraulically releasable centrifugal main clutch 12 or for fully automatic shifts, the usual gear shift lever 14 incorporates a switch 24 for declutching and can be actuated manually or by two hydraulic servos Z1, Z2 disposed at right angles for automatic shifts. Automatic shifts are responsive to output speed modulated in accordance with accelerator pedal depression. The hydraulic servos are controlled by solenoid valves V6-V9 controlled by transistorized circuits. Manual control.-Grasping the gear lever actuates the switch 24 to earth a terminal K14, thus energizing a relay D which closes a switch d to energize a solenoid 70 actuating the valve V7 which thereupon admits oil from an enginedriven pump P to a servo Z3 disengaging the clutch 12. Valve V7 also supplies pressure to servos Z4, Z5 which shift the carburetter butterfly valve 18 to a fast idle position at which engine speed is 200 r.p.m. above its normal idling speed of 600 r.p.m. Release of the gear lever opens the switch 24 and the centrifugal clutch 12 re-engages providing that the engine speed is above 1200 r.p.m. Control network.-An output driven tachometer generator TG supplies output speed responsive voltage to a line 31 connected to the bases of input transistors T3, T5, T7 of triggering circuits B1-B3 which each have normally conductive input transistors and normally blocked output transistors T4, T6, T8, the collectors of which are connected to relay coils E, F, G which control normally closed switches e1, #1, g1 and normally open switches e2, f2, g2 in a circuit including contacts K10, K11 of switches 40, 41 which are open when the gear lever is in its second and fourth ratio positions and in its first and third ratio positions respectively. In order to increase the vehicle speed at which shifts occur in accordance with accelerator depression, the generator TG voltage is opposed by an accelerator position responsive voltage produced by a potentiometer 27 having a slide 26 connected to the accelerator and which is connected to the vehicle battery BA by way of a stabilizing circuit ensuring that the potential across potentiometer 27 is independent of the battery voltage. The stabilizing circuit has a regulating transistor T1 and a control transistor T2, variation in the battery voltage varying the collector current of transistor T2 and bring- ing the transistor T1 to a region in which its internal resistance varies and thus counteracts the voltage change so that a constant potential is applied across the potentiometer 27. The trigger circuits B1-B3 are essentially similar, except that circuits B1, B2 have a resistance and a diode (R32 and D10 in the case of circuit B2) connected between the collector of the output transistor and the base of the input transistor in order to lower the speed at which downshift from third to second or from second to first occurs at full throttle while leaving unaltered the speeds at which downshifts occur with closed throttle and at which upshifts occur. The circuit B3 has a resistance R53 and a diode D22 between the collector and base of its input transistor to reduce the speed at which upshift to fourth occurs at full throttle. The network includes a generator failure safety circuit GS having a normally conductive transistor T11 and a normally blocked transistor T12. In the event of generator circuit failure the transistor T11 is blocked and maintains the transistor T9 of a switching circuit W conductive to disable the automatic control so that the gears can only be changed manually. The switching circuit W has an output transistor T10 having a relay C in its collector circuit which when energized shifts switches C1, C2 from the positions shown to their alternative positions. Finally a safety circuit RS is provided to prevent downshifts occurring, due to faulty working of the automatic system, at vehicle speeds which are too high for the ratio demanded. Starting.-On switching on the ignition switch ZS the transistor T9 becomes conducting and transistor T10 blocked so that the automatic system is inoperative, thus ensuring that first gear is not automatically engaged with the possibility of the vehicle moving on starting the engine. When a selector switch 15 on the steering column is changed from Off O to On A, a terminal K13 is earthed so that transistor T9 is blocked and transistor T10 conducts to energize relay C and actuate switches C1, C2 to their alternative positions. Relays B, D, S, H are thereby energized and close switches b, d, s, h to energize solenoids 60-90 of valves V6-V9. Valve V7 is thus operated to turn the throttle valve 18 to its fast idle position and disengage the clutch 12 by the servo Z3, the piston of which uncovers a line leading to the valve V8 which in its actuated position admits liquid to valves V6 and V9. Valves V6, V9 supply liquid to the lower chamber of servo Z 1 and the right-hand chamber of servo Z2 so that the first gear is engaged. The gear lever 14 opens the switch 41 when first has been engaged thus breaking the circuit through contact K11 and de-energizing the relays B, D, S, H so that the valves V6-V9 resume their initial positions, the clutch 12 re-engages centrifugally if the engine speed is high enough, and the throttle valve is controlled by the accelerator. Upshift first-second.-As the vehicle speed increases the circuit B1 is triggered, transistor T3 becoming blocked and transistor T4 conductive so that relay E is energized and a circuit completed via switches f1, e2, 40 so that relays D, S, H are energized to energize solenoids 70- 90 of valves V7-V9 to engage second gear. Upshift second-third.-As the speed increases further circuit B2 is triggered, energizing relay F so that the circuit is completed through switches g1, f2, 41, thus energizing relays B, D, S and actuating valves V6-V8 to shift to third gear. Upshift third-fourth.-On further increase of speed circuit B3 is triggered, energizing relay G completing a circuit through switches g2, 40 so that relays B, S are energized and valves V7, V8 actuated to shift to fourth gear. Downshift.-Downshifting occurs with the blocking of the output transistor of the triggering circuits, downshift occurring at a lower speed than the corresponding upshift for the same accelerator position. Upshift and downshift first-third, secondfourth.-Should conditions demand a shift of two ratios, e.g. upshift from first to third or from second to fourth due to a sudden raising of the accelerator pedal, or a corresponding downshift due to sudden accelerator depression, direct shift to the ratio demanded will be inhibited by the switch 41 being open in first and third and switch 40 being open in second and fourth. Considering, for example, a demand for shift from first to third, switch 40 is closed, transistor T5 is maintained conductive and transistor T6 blocked via diode D14 and resistance R28, so that second gear is engaged. Switch 40 then opens so that circuit B2 can trigger and shift to third occurs.