Patent GB-842728-A (GB)
Title: Process for dyeing with pigments and synthetic resin compositions suitable therefor
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1956-11-13
Abstract: An aqueous dispersion for use in dyeing with pigments contains (i) a pigment dispersed with a cation-active dispersing agent and (ii), as sole binding agent, (a) a cation active dispersion of one or more addition polymers which are free from anion-active water solubilizing groups, or (b) an aqueous dispersion, produced with a cation active dispersing agent, of a hardenable amino plastic resin insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.  The addition polymers may themselves contain cation-active groups, or they may contain no cation-active groups but be dispersed in a cation-active dispersing agent.  There may also be added to the dispersion (iii) a water-soluble hardenable amino plastic resin. Specified materials are:-(i) as pigments, carbon black, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, Cu phthalocyanine; as dispersing agents, octadecylamine acetate, (dodecyl)-di-ethyl-cyclohexyl-amine sulphate, oleylamido ethyl-diethyl-amino-acetate, cetyldimethyl benzylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide, p-(trimethyl ammonium)-benzoic acid cetyl ester methosulphate, cetyl pyridinium methosulphate, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, the quaternary compound from diethyl sulphate and triethenolamine tristearate, [b -(octadecenoylamido)-ethyl]-diethylmethyl ammonium-methosulphate, [g -(laurylamido-)propyl]-diethylmethyl-ammonium-methosulphate (and for diethyl methyl read, trimethyl), [g -(stearylamido)-propyl]-dimethyl-(b -oxyethyl)-ammonium phosphate; (ii) (a) addition polymers, co-polymers, terpolymers and a quaterpolymer are derived from butadiene, 2-chloro-butadiene, vinyl-acetate,-formate,-butyrate or -benzoate, vinyl alkyl ketones, vinyl isobutyl ether, styrene, isobutylene, methyl-ethyl-, n-or iso-butyl- or dodecyl acrylates, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, the nitriles or amides of methacrylic, a -chloro-acrylic or crotonic acids, the quaternary compound from acrylic acid-(3-diethylaminopropyl)-amide and chloroacetamide, the nitriles or amides of maleic or fumaric acids, vinylchloride or fluoride, vinylidenechloride, asym. dichloroethylene, or vinyl pyridines; (iii) (b) the water-insoluble amino plastics may be derived from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea, guanidine, acetylene-di-ureine, dicyandiamide, uron melamine, aceto-, benzo- or formoguanam ine, modified by butyl, amyl, hexyl, benzyl, lauryl, oleyl, abietyl or allyl alcohols, cyclohexanol, stearic acid and/or soya fatty acids; (iii) the water-soluble aminoplasts are prepared from the same amino-compounds but are either unmodified or modified with methanol or ethanol. Hardeners, e.g. NH4NO3, may be added.  For processes of dyeing specified materials (see Group IV(c)).  Specifications 777,488, 796,543 and 842,727 are referred to.ALSO:In a process for dyeing with pigments, an aqueous dyebath is used containing (i) a pigment dispersed with a cation-active dispersing agent and (ii), as sole binding agent, (a) a cationactive dispersion of one or more addition polymers which are free from anion-active water solubilizing groups, or (b) an aqueous dispersion, produced with a cation-active dispersing agent, of a hardenable aminoplastic resin insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents; the material is then dried and, when a hardenable compound is used, hardening at an elevated temperature follows.  The addition polymers may themselves contain cation-active groups, or they may contain no cation-active groups but be dispersed in a cation-active dispersing agent.  There may also be added to the dispersion (iii) a water-soluble hardenable aminoplastic resin.  Specified materials are: (i) as pigments, carbon black, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper phthalocyanine and organic vat or azo dyestuff pigments; as dispersing agents, octadecylamine acetate, (dodecyl)-diethyl-cydohexyl-amine sulphate, oleylamidoethyl-diethyl-amino-acetate, cetyl dimethyl benzylammonium chloride, cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium-bromide, p-(trimethyl ammonium)-benzoic acid cetyl ester methosulphate, cetyl pyridinium methosulphate, octadecyl trimethylammonium bromide, the quaternary compound from diethyl sulphate and triethanolamine tristearate, [b -octadecenoylamido)-ethyl] diethylmethyl ammonium-methosulphate, [g -(lauroylamido-) propyl]-diethyl methyl-ammonium-methosulphate (and for diethyl methyl read trimethyl), [g -(stearylamido)-propyl]-dimethyl-(b -oxyethyl) ammonium phosphate; (ii) (a) addition polymers, copolymers, terpolymers and a quaterpolymer are derived from butadiene, 2-chloro-butadiene, vinyl-acetate, -formate, -butyrate or -benzoate, vinyl alkyl ketones, vinyl isobutyl ether, styrene, isobutylene, methyl-, ethyl-,n- or iso-butyl- or dodecyl acrylates, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, the nitriles or amides of methacrylic, a -chloro-acrylic or crotonic acids, the quaternary compound from acrylic acid -(3-diethylamino propyl)-amide and chloracetamide, the nitriles or amides of maleic or fumaric acids, vinyl chloride or fluoride, vinylidene chloride, asym. dichloroethylene, or vinyl pyridines; (ii) (b) the water-insoluble aminoplastics may be derived from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea, guanidine, acetylene-di-ureine, dicyandiamide, uron, melamine, aceto-, benzo- or formo-guanamine, modified by butyl, amyl, hexyl, benzyl, lauryl, oleyl, abietyl, or allyl alcohols, cyclohexanol, stearic acid and/or soya fatty acids; (iii) the water-soluble aminoplasts are prepared from the same amino-compounds but are either unmodified or modified with methanol or ethanol.  Hardeners, e.g. ammonium nitrate, may be added, in which case hardening takes place at 120-160 DEG C. for 2-10 minutes.  The dyeing may be by the exhaust or the foulard process, and the fibrous materials which may be dyed include fabrics of natural or regenerated cellulose, e.g. cotton (poplin) or linen, acetate silk, wool or synthetic fibres, e.g. nylon, polyesters or polyacrylonitrile.  Specifications 777,488, 796,543 and 842,727 are referred to.