baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20110011771-A (KR)
Title: 롤권취 도어
Inventor: RHEE JIN JAE
IPC: E06B9/04
Filed: 2009-07-29
Abstract: 본 발명은 롤권취 도어에 관한 것으로, 길이방향으로 길게 형성되어 변형이 자유롭운 직물지로 형성되고, 일단에 도어 손잡이(110)가 구비되며, 상기 도어 손잡이(110) 좌우 양측에 슬라이딩롤러(120)가 마련된 플랙시블 도어(100)와; 상기 플랙시블 도어(100)가 권취되도록 권취수단(400)이 내장되고, 상기 플랙시블 도어(100)가 인출입되는 인출장홈(210)이 하부면에 형성된 상부프레임(200)과; 상기 상부프레임(200) 좌우 양측으로 대칭형성되어 상기 슬라이딩롤러(120)가 슬라이딩되도록 상하 길이방향으로 길게 형성된 가이드홈(310)이 마련된 가이드프레임(300);을 포함하는 롤권취 도어에 관한 것이다. 
       
     도어, 권취수단, 상하개방.
Patent KR-20110014814-A (KR)
Title: Conductivity measuring device of cooling water
Inventor: KIM HONG SOON
IPC: G01N27/00
Filed: 2009-08-06
Abstract: PURPOSE: A system for measuring the electric conductivity of cooling water is provided to ensure easy installation and maintenance because of the simple structure compared to measuring electrode or sensor. CONSTITUTION: A system for measuring the electric conductivity of cooling water comprises an insulator pipe(130) and first and second fittings(110,120). The insulator pipe is made of an electric insulation material with a hollow. The first and the second fitting are made of a conductive metal material and respectively connected to both ends of the insulator pipe. The first and the second fitting are nipples of metal material in which screw thread is formed in the body parts of head units(111,121) and tip screw(114,124) are coupled to the head units. Wires(151,152) for measuring resistance are respectively coupled to the first and the second fitting.
Patent KR-20110015946-A (KR)
Title: Tidal power generating apparatus
Inventor: HUO JAE
IPC: F03B13/26
Filed: 2009-08-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: A tidal power generating device is provided to improve generation efficiency by using tidal current depending on the surface of water of deep sea. CONSTITUTION: A tidal power generating device comprises a cylindrical body(2), a rotary wing part(11), a streamlined shape member, a diagonal member, and a lid part. The cylindrical body is formed at a buoy(1). The rotary wing part is composed in order to revolve around a rotary shaft(3).
Patent KR-20110017754-A (KR)
Title: Liquid crystal display and method of controlling a dot inversion
Inventor: KIM JONG WOO
IPC: G09G3/36
Filed: 2009-08-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method of controlling a dot inversion is provided to adaptively switch a first horizontal dot, and a second dot inversion, and compensate an input image with FRC. CONSTITUTION: An LCD panel crosses a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines. A first source drive integrated circuit turns reversely the polarity of data voltage in response to the first polarity control signal. A second source drive integrated circuit turns reversely the polarity of data voltage in response to the second polarity control signal. A timing controller(TCON) generates a first and a second polarity control signal in the same phase when source drive integrated circuits make a reverse turn into the horizontal 1 dot inversion. If source drive integrated circuits make a reverse turn into the horizontal 2 dot inversion, the first and second polarity control signals are generated by the reversed phase to each other.
Patent KR-20110020348-A (KR)
Inventor: KANG SOON YEE
IPC: E03B9/10
Filed: 2009-08-24
Abstract: PURPOSE: A protect cover for a water meter protecting case is provided to perform convenient insertion and separation using a heat insulator increase protection piece on a plurality of hanging parts. CONSTITUTION: A protecting cover for a water meter protecting case is composed like next. A plurality of strips(2,2') is equipped to a water-meter protecting case(1). Retreated grooves(7,7') are formed on a synthetic resin protective cover(4). Vertical retreated grooves(8,8') are formed on an upper heat insulation material(3). The protective cover is frame-coupled on the top heat insulator. An ascent prevention piece of a thermal insulation material is detachably inserted and mounted in the strip.
Patent KR-20110023138-A (KR)
Title: Flexible display and method for manufacturing the same
Inventor: KIM TAE WOONG
IPC: H01L51/50
Filed: 2009-08-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A flexible display device and method for manufacturing the same are provided to manufacture a stable flexible display device which reduces defects by improving the coupling force between a flexible substrate and a glass substrate. CONSTITUTION: A flexible display device(101) comprises: a flexible substrate(111) made of plastic materials and polyimide, wherein the plastic materials include -CONH-; a display device which is formed on one plane of the flexible substrate; and a surface residual film(119) which includes metallic materials and/or metallic oxide materials and is coupled to at least some region of the plane opposite to the one plane of the flexible substrate.
Patent KR-20100088055-A (KR)
Title: Structure of display for working machine
Inventor: Ishikawa shinnosuke
IPC: B60K35/00
Filed: 2009-08-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A display structure of a working machine is provided to drive the working machine more economically by making it possible to display the fuel efficiency. CONSTITUTION: A display structure of a working machine includes: a display unit(43) which has an information indication part; a controller(44) which controls the operation of the display unit; and a display switch command unit which outputs a display switch command. The controller controls the display state of the information indication part(49) into an operating time display state indicating the operating time of a engine, an instant fuel efficiency display state indicating an instant fuel efficiency, an average fuel efficiency display state indicating the average fuel efficiency, and a fuel consumption quantity display state indicating the used amount of the fuel.
Patent KR-20110023338-A (KR)
Title: 빨대 내장형 음료팩
Inventor: LEE SOON CHAE
IPC: B65D77/28
Filed: 2009-08-31
Abstract: 본 발명은 외부에 부착된 2단 빨대(24)를 이용하여 음료팩(10)에 저장된 음료를 마실 수 있는 음료팩(10)의 단점인 유통과정에서 2단 빨대(24)가 이탈 또는 변형되는 등의 문제와 2단 빨대(24)의 사용이 불편하다는 문제를 해결하기 위하여, 
     유통과정에서 빨대(11)의 이탈이나 변형을 방지하고 음료팩(10)의 음료를 마실 때 편리하게 빨대(11)를 사용할 수 있도록 음료팩(10)에 빨대(11)를 일체로 구성한 것이다.  
        
       
     음료팩, 빨대, 테트라팩
Patent KR-20110024365-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus for stabilizing video in digital video recorder
Inventor: BEON DO KYUN
IPC: H04N7/18
Filed: 2009-09-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus for stabilizing a video in a digital video recorder is provided to efficiently stabilize the shaking of a reproduced video image. CONSTITUTION: A video photographed by a camera is recorded through a storage unit(14), and a reproduction module(12) reproduces the recorded video. A video stabilizer(15) stabilizes the shaking of the video photographed by a camera. The video stabilizer detects the shaking of the video by monitoring an edge component of the video photographed by the cameral.
Patent KR-20110026212-A (KR)
Title: Robot and control method thereof
Inventor: HA TAE SIN
IPC: B25J9/16
Filed: 2009-09-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: A robot and a control method thereof are provided to reduce the complexity of an inference engine since raw information and specific information are classified, and then a situation, user's intention and work details are inferred. CONSTITUTION: A robot comprises an information classifying unit(10) and a motion determining unit. The information classifying unit classifies raw information and specific information. The motion determining unit infers a situation, user's intention and work details and determines the motion of the robot.
Patent KR-20110027010-A (KR)
Title: A rotary tray
Inventor: OH CHUN UK
IPC: F25D29/00
Filed: 2009-09-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A rotary tray is provided to prevent the escaping phenomenon of food when a belt is in a rotation process using an elastic band. CONSTITUTION: A rotary tray(100) includes a supporting plate(110), four rollers(120), a belt(130), a plurality of partitions(140), and a motor(151). The four rollers are vertically installed on the four upper corner sides of the supporting plate. The belt surrounds the external side of the four rollers. The partitions are vertically attached to the belt. The motor is installed inside the belt and is fixed to the supporting plate. One roller of the rollers is in connection with the motor, and the motor rotates the rollers.
Patent KR-20110028929-A (KR)
Title: Air flow innovation device for air conditioner of forklift truck
Inventor: KIM SEO HYUNG
IPC: B60H1/12
Filed: 2009-09-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: The air flow improving device of an air conditioner for a forklift truck is provided to protect air flowing foam from ultraviolet ray and easily supply cooling air to the desired direction of a manipulating cabin. CONSTITUTION: The air flow improving device of an air conditioner for a forklift truck includes a plurality of air louvers and an air flowing foam. The air louver discharges cooling air from cooling air outlet(111, 112) to a manipulating cabin. An air flowing path is formed in an air flowing foam. The air flowing foam connects the air louvers and the cooling air outlet. The air flowing foam includes an ultraviolet stabilizer. The external side of the air flowing foam includes a coating film.
Patent KR-20110030883-A (KR)
Title: Masculine band for urine convernience and absorbing dampness of scrotum
Inventor: PARK SUNG HYUN
IPC: A41B9/02
Filed: 2009-09-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: An underwear band for men is provided to prevent the scrotal dampness of the scrotum by separating the scrotum with the phallus, and to enable a user to easily urinate. CONSTITUTION: An underwear band for men comprises the following: a first ring(20) connected to a waist band(1) for inserting the scrotum; a second ring(30) connected to the first ring using a connection unit(40) for inserting the phallus; a connection band(10) including a length adjusting unit combined with the waist band and the first ring; an auxiliary connection ban connected to the connection band and the second ring; a fixture extend-produced from the rings; and a phallus protector(60) mounted in between the first and second rings.
Patent KR-20110031792-A (KR)
Title: 쿠폰을 이용한 판매 시스템
Inventor: JANG SEUNG WOONG
IPC: G06Q30/02
Filed: 2009-09-21
Abstract: 본 발명은 쿠폰을 이용한 판매 시스템을 개시하며, 본 발명은 인터넷 사이트에 특정 상품에 대하여 할인률이 적용된 한정된 수량의 한정판 쿠폰을 미리 지정된 인터넷 사이트를 통하여 제공하고, 고객의 주문에 대응하여 상기 한정판 쿠폰을 모바일 쿠폰으로 발행하며, 발행된 상기 모바일 쿠폰에 대한 쿠폰 발행 정보를 저장하는 쿠폰 발행 서버; 상기 쿠폰 발행 서버에서 제공되는 모바일 쿠폰을 상기 고객의 모바일 통신 장치로 전송하는 통신사 서버; 상기 모바일 쿠폰을 저장하는 고객 모바일 통신 장치; 상기 상품에 대한 고객의 구매에 대응하여 상기 고객 모바일 통신 장치의 상기 모바일 쿠폰의 정보를 취득하며, 취득된 모바일 쿠폰의 정보를 쿠폰 매출 정보로 저장하는 판매 시스템; 및 상기 쿠폰 발행 서버의 상기 쿠폰 발행 정보를 수집하고, 입력되는 상기 쿠폰 매출 정보로써 낙전 정보를 추출하고 상기 낙전 정보에 따른 매출 및 배당 정보를 생성하는 낙전 서버;를 포함한다. 
     
     모바일 쿠폰, 판매 시스템, 낙전
Patent KR-20110016363-A (KR)
Inventor: MIN SUNG GI
IPC: E02D29/12
Filed: 2009-09-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A scavenger for deposits of a manhole is provided to reinforce the flux discharged with a submerged motor or pump while assembling a screw fan or perforated pipe to a side of a drain pipe connected to the lower side of a manhole. CONSTITUTION: A scavenger for deposits of a manhole comprises a hanger(50), a filtering member(45), and an insertion bar(42) for a rope(41). The hanger is installed in a frame(49) which is assembled on the interior wall and bottom edge of a manhole(51). The filtering member is installed in a gunny bag(61). The insertion bar for a rope is provided on an edge of the gunny bag. An extended filtering member(45') is installed on both sides of the gunny bag, corresponding to a drain pipe. A discharge tube(63) with an insertion bar(42'') for a rope(41') is formed on the bottom of an insertion bar(42') provided in the gunny bag.
Patent KR-20110033467-A (KR)
Title: Wood and silid foel fired boiler
Inventor: JEONG SEUNG UK
IPC: F23H3/00
Filed: 2009-09-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A steam boiler using firewood is provided to effectively transmit combustion heat by maintaining high thermal conductivity. CONSTITUTION: A steam boiler using firewood comprises an outer body and a fuel placing part(30). The outer body comprises a combustion chamber(10), a heat exchange chamber(20), an ash collecting chamber(40), a combustion chamber door(11), a heat exchange chamber door(21), and an ash collecting door(41). Firewood fuel(200) is burned in the combustion chamber. The heat exchange chamber comprises a flue(22) connected to the top of the combustion chamber and a plurality of vertical pipes(23) installed around the flue. The ash collecting chamber is located under the combustion chamber in order to collect ashes. The combustion chamber door, the heat exchange chamber door, and the ash collecting door are opened and closed on the front sides of the combustion chamber, the heat exchange chamber, and the ash collecting chamber, respectively. The fuel placing part comprises pipes which are arranged at regular intervals to form separate spaces.
Patent KR-20100039808-A (KR)
Title: Elongated implant device and bone stablization device including the same
Inventor: BIEDERMANN LUTZ
IPC: A61B17/86
Filed: 2009-10-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: An elongated implant device and a bone stabilizing device including the same are provided to improve a fatigue life of an axial damping element by arranging the axial damping element on a loading region between two bone anchors. CONSTITUTION: A rod-shaped member(28) has a first end and a second end. The rod-shape member forms a longitudinal axis of the elongated implant device. A sleeve(26) is slidably arranged on the rod-shaped member and includes a free end(36) and a combination end(38). The combination end is connected to an axial damping element(24) which is connected between the sleeve and the second end of the rod-shaped member.
Patent KR-20110039847-A (KR)
Title: Cover for distributing duct
Inventor: KOH JAE WAN
IPC: H02G3/30
Filed: 2009-10-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A wiring duct cover is provided to previously prevent an electric accident due to an electric shock by easily connecting a ground line to the wiring duct cover. CONSTITUTION: A wiring duct cover includes a cover body(10) corresponding to the wiring duct. A sidewall(12) which is backwardly bended is formed on both sides of the cover body. A wiring device fixing unit(20) is comprised of a thin plate. An opening(11) forms the wiring device in the center of the cover body. A ground protrusion is inwardly protruded in the rear of an assembly groove. A bolt coupling hole(20b) is formed on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the wiring device fixing unit.
Patent KR-20110025586-A (KR)
Title: Operation device for vehicle
Inventor: SUZUKI RYO
IPC: G06F3/048
Filed: 2009-10-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: An operation device for a vehicle is provided to broaden the range of choice of operation buttons or operation screens since the buttons or the screens, which match with the number of fingers, are popped up. CONSTITUTION: An operation device(100) for a vehicle comprises a finger determining unit(63), a converting unit(65) and a pop-up unit(64). The finger determining unit determines on an image(11), which has been taken by a camera(41), whether a target, which approaches an operating unit(40), is a hand. The converting unit converts and outputs the determination signal of the finger determining unit as a display indicating signal. Before a hand(25) touches a touch panel(42), the pop-up unit displays operation buttons(10) or operating screens on a display unit(50) by the display indicating signal, which has been input by the converting unit.
Patent KR-20110042884-A (KR)
Title: System for controlling interior temperator of vehicle
Inventor: LEE CHEA HYUN
IPC: B60H1/24
Filed: 2009-10-20
Abstract: PURPOSE: A system for controlling the indoor temperature of a vehicle is provided to generate electricity using a solar panel or a combination of a solar panel and thermo-element and to control the indoor temperature of a vehicle by cooling or heating the thermo-element. CONSTITUTION: A system for controlling the indoor temperature of a vehicle comprises a solar panel(1), an electricity storage unit(6), thermo-element(3), and a temperature control unit(7). The solar panel is exposed to the outside of the vehicle and converts solar energy to electrical energy to generate electricity. The electricity storage unit stores electricity, which is generated by the solar panel. The bottom of the thermo-element is exposed to the indoor space of the vehicle, and the top of the thermo-element makes tight contact with the bottom of the solar panel. The bottom exposed to the indoor space of the vehicle is heated or cooled to have the similar temperature to the top making tight contact with the bottom of the solar panel, according to the direction of current supplied from the electricity storage unit by a peltier effect.
Patent KR-20110043188-A (KR)
Title: A crankshaft of compressor
Inventor: KIM CHEOLU
IPC: B21K1/08
Filed: 2009-10-21
Abstract: PURPOSE: A crank shaft for the reciprocating compressor of an air conditioning unit and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to simplify manufacturing processes by assembling a main axis, a balance weight and crank parts by a shrink fitting. CONSTITUTION: A crank shaft for the reciprocating compressor of an air conditioning unit comprises a pivot(410), a secondary pivot(440), and a plurality of balance weights(420) and a crank(430). The pivot receives torque from a motor and rotates. The auxiliary pivot is installed on the symmetric position of the pivot and supports the rotation of the pivot. The balance weights are arranged between the pivot and the secondary pivot. A plurality of insertion holes(422) are formed on the balance weight. The pivot, the secondary pivot and one end of the crank are inserted into the insertion holes. The pivot, the secondary pivot and one end of the crank are inserted into the insertion holes by shrink fitting.
Patent KR-20110043964-A (KR)
Title: Method and apparatus for adaptive multicast data transmission and reception
Inventor: TAN TAI DO
IPC: H04W4/06
Filed: 2009-10-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: An adaptive multicast data transmission and reception apparatus and a method for the same are provided to secure high transmission rate when a signal to noise ratio is high. CONSTITUTION: If a data packet is restored, it is checked whether an error is in the restored data packet(S750,S760). Each receiving unit transmits NACK(No ACKnowledgement) information to a transmitting unit through a NACK feedback common channel(S770). The transmitting unit detects the NACK signal and determines a packet transfer mode(S780). The transmitting unit retransmits the data packet(S790,S740).
Patent KR-20110050162-A (KR)
Title: Bicycle carrier for vehicle
Inventor: LEE SEUNG MOK
IPC: B60R9/10
Filed: 2009-11-06
Abstract: PURPOSE: A bicycle carrier for a vehicle is provided to enable the opening of a trunk or a tailgate when a bicycle is loaded since a carrier is tilted downward. CONSTITUTION: A bicycle carrier for a vehicle comprises front, center, and rear frames(100,200,300), a folding member(400), a bicycle wheel fixture(500), and a bicycle body fixing stand(600). The front frame is positioned inside a rear bumper of a vehicle and is fixed to the rear end of a vehicle(10). The central frame crosses the front frame. The rear frame is fixed to the back-end of the central frame. The folding member connects both ends of the front and rear frames. The bicycle wheel fixture is installed in the folding member. The bicycle body fixing stand is installed in the central frame. The central and rear frames and the folding member are accepted inside the rear bumper and are drawn out from the rear bumper.
Patent KR-20110050932-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus and method for mutual authentication between reader and tag in radio frequency identification system
Inventor: WON YANG DON
IPC: H04W12/06
Filed: 2009-11-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A inter authentication method between a reader and a tag is provided to perform inter authentication between the reader and the tag without exposing an ID of the tag. CONSTITUTION: A tag(100) certifying a reader(200) encodes its own information to a session key. The tag transmits the encoded information with the reader(350). The reader decodes tag information to the session key. Whether the decoded tag information and its own information are similar or not is determined by the reader. The reader certifies the tag(360). The communication between the reader and the tag which authentication is completed is performed(370).
Patent KR-20110053866-A (KR)
Title: Floor cushion having pad using flexible heating unit
Inventor: KIM SOO HO
IPC: H05B3/20
Filed: 2009-11-16
Abstract: PURPOSE: A cushion having a heating pad using a flexible heating unit is provided to improve protection against coldness by adding the heat of a heating pad to the heat of the cushion. CONSTITUTION: A cushion having a heating pad using a flexible heating unit comprises a cushion(10), a heating pad(30), and a controller(20). The cushion comprises outer shell, a cushion member, and a cushion material. The heating pad is connected to the controller. The heating pad is fixed between the outer shell and cushion member. The controller comprises a time setting unit, a temperature setting unit, a central processing unit, and a rechargeable power supply unit(26). The central processing unit supplies power to the heating pad based on the set temperature and intermittent time.
Patent KR-20110054748-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE CHANG YOON
IPC: A47C7/62
Filed: 2009-11-18
Abstract: 본 발명은 학생의자의 앉음판 하부에 사물함을 구비한 학생의자에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 학생의자의 앉음판 하부에 설치하는 사물함의 크기가 확장될 수 있도록 함으로서, 앉음판 하부에 설치되는 한정된 공간의 사물함을 보다 더 넓게 활용할 수 있도록 하기 위한 것이다. 
            본 발명은 한 쌍의 의자다리(2)가 간격을 두고 설치되고, 양측 의자다리(2)의 후방에는 등받이판(5)이 설치되는 등받이프레임(4)이 설치되며, 의자다리(2)의 상측 후방과 연결되는 등받이프레임(4)의 하부에는 힌지핀(7)이 수평으로 설치되고, 이 힌지핀(7)에는 앉음판(3)의 후방하측이 힌지브래킷(8)에 의해 힌지식으로 설치되며, 앉음판(3) 하방의 의자다리(2)에는 사물함(6)이 설치되는 학생의자(1)에 있어서, 상기 사물함(6)은 상측에 잠금구멍(9)을 형성한 전면판(10)이 전방측 의자다리(2)에 고정 설치되고, 양측 의자다리(2)의 측면에는 측면판(11)이 고정되게 설치되며, 양측 측면판(11)의 후방에는 후면판(12)을 후방측으로 출몰되게 설치하되, 일측에 장공(13)을 형성한 길이조절구(15)의 고정단(14))을후면판(12)에 고정되게 설치하고 일측의 장공(13)으로는 측면판(11)에 설치되는 잠금볼트(17)가 관통한 뒤에 잠금너트가 체결되게 설치되며, 양측 측면판(11)의 하방에는 바닥판(18)을 하방측으로 승하강되게 설치하되, 일측에 장공(13)을 형성한 길이조절구(15)의 고정단(14)을 바닥판(18)에 고정되게 설치하고 일측의 장공(13)으로는 측면판(11)에 설치되는 잠금볼트(17)가 관통한 뒤에 잠금너트가 체결되게  설치되고, 상기 앉음판(3)의 전방측 저면에는 힌지고리(20)를 힌지브래킷(19)에 의해 힌지식으로 설치하며, 이 힌지고리(20)는 잠금구멍(9)을 외향 관통하여 자물쇠(21)가 잠가지게 설치되는 것을 특징으로 한다. 
       
     앉음판, 등받이프레임, 등받이판, 힌지브래킷, 힌지고리, 잠금너트
Patent KR-20110056835-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK SAM MIN
IPC: F21S8/10
Filed: 2009-11-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A switch lighting device for a vehicle and a switch using the same are provided to simplify assembly process by mounting an LED onto a printed circuit board. CONSTITUTION: A switch lighting device comprises: a printed circuit board(4) in which LED and resistance is mounted on the surface; a slot(12) in which the printed circuit board is inserted and placed; a terminal which is formed at one side of inner slot and provides current by contact with the printed circuit board; and a body part(2) comprising the slot and terminal.
Patent KR-20110059673-A (KR)
Title: Thermal conduction clip of hot-water pipe
Inventor: DO HO JUNE
IPC: F24D19/00
Filed: 2009-11-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A heat conduction clip of for heating hot water pipe is provided to reduce heating cost by maximizing energy efficiency by enlarging the contact surface with the hot water pipe. CONSTITUTION: A heat conduction clip of for heating hot water pipe comprises a securing clip board(100) and a heat conducting plate(200). The securing clip board is fitted and combined in the upper circumference of a heating hot water pipe(P). The securing clip board symmetrically forms a fixing tension part side to side. The securing clip board receives the heat from the heating hot water pipe. The heat conducting plate includes a conductivity metal material along the longitudinal direction of the securing clip board. The heat conducting plate is perpendicularly projected in a radial direction. The heat conducting plate guides the heat transferred from the securing clip board to outside. The heat conducting plate is cut in a desire size according to use purpose.