Patent GB-128624-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the Concentration of Electric Waves in a Single Direction or upon a Fixed Point.
Inventor: ROTA LUIGI
IPC: H04B13/00
Filed: 1917-08-14
Abstract: 128,624. Rota, L., and Binetti, E. Aug. 14, 1917. Wireless telegraphy and signalling; wireless control of distant apparatus; determining presence of metallic bodies. - Apparatus for transmitting and receiving electro-magnetic waves in or from a predetermined direction consists of a series of alined cylinders or prisms with their axes lying along the desired direction, the cylinders &c. being connected to each other by transformers, and an end cylinder being connected to the oscillation producing or reception circuit. The cylinders are connected alternately through choking- coils to opposite poles of a battery. In the transmitting-arrangement shown in Fig. 1, three cylinders, A, A<1>, A<2>, formed of sheet metal or of wire, are connected to each other by adjustable transformers P, S and P<1>, S<1> and are connected through choke-coils s, s<1>, s<2> and variable -resistances r, r<1> to opposite poles of a battery or dynamo p. Prisms of square, rectangular, triangular, or other crosssection may be substituted for the cylinders. The receiving-apparatus is similar to that described above, the extreme cylinder being at opposite potential to the extreme cylinder A<2> of the transmitter. The cylinders A, A<1>, A<2> may be enclosed in outer cylinders insulated from each other, the outer cylinders being connected to opposite poles of the battery between the choking-coils s, s<1>, s<2> and the resistances r, r<1>. In another arrangement, an earthed tube passes through some or all of the cylinders. The apparatus shown in Fig. 1 may be duplicated, with the cylinder axes parallel or slightly inclined. The cylinders may also be arranged with their axes inclined or vertical, and the upper cylinder may terminate in an inverted cone formed of wire or bands. The presence of a magnetic body between the transmitting and receiving stations is indicated by the disturbing effect upon the receiving-apparatus. When used for detecting submarines, the cylindrical transmitters and receivers 4, 5, Fig. 8, may project from ships' sides below the water-level, and are partly enclosed by a tube 3 closed with insulating- material. The apparatus is adjustable as regards depth below the surface of the sea, and may be withdrawn when not required. Fig. 10 shows three apparatus converging on a pair of co-axial cylindrical tubes Q, Q<1> insulated from each other, with the object of concentrating the radiation towards a point P, where a spark may be produced. Instead of being arranged one within the other, the cylinders Q, Q<1> may be built up of parallel wires and may be arranged in alinerrient, with an intermediate inductance. In another form, Fig. 12, these cylinders are coupled to each other by a transformer P, S, and are connected to opposite poles of a battery p through choking-coils h, h<1> and resistances r, r<1>. An outer cylinder formed in two insulated sections 4, 5 is also connected to the battery p. The apparatus may be used for telegraphy, telephony, or for the distant control of mechanism, and is stated to ensure secrecy in working, to prevent interference by atmospherics or by signals intended for other stations, and to prevent absorption and dissipation due to atmospheric electricity.