Patent GB-961054-A (GB)
Title: Vinyl chloride resin compositions
Inventor: DAY MICHAEL ROBIN
IPC: C09D127/06
Filed: 1961-07-31
Abstract: Coating compositions comprise (a) a thermoplastic material comprising a vinyl chloride polymer containing carboxylic acid or carboxylic anhydride groups or a mixture of a major proportion of a vinyl chloride polymer together with a minor proportion of (i) a polymer containing carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid anhydride groups or (ii) an after-chlorinated vinyl chloride polymer, (b) an epoxy resin and (c) a hardener for the epoxy resin.  Specified vinyl chloride polymers containing carboxyl groups are copolymers of vinyl chloride with maleic, fumaric, itaconic, aconitic, crotonic, acrylic, methacrylic and a -chloracrylic acids. The carboxyl containing polymer may be an ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer.  The after-chlorinated polymer may be chlorinated polyvinyl chloride or a chlorinated copolymer of vinyl chloride with minor proportions of vinyl acetate, ethylene, propylene, styrene, methyl methacrylate or acrylonitrile.  Preferred epoxy resins are condensation products of an epihalohydrin or dihalohydrin and a polyhydric compound, preferably a diphenylol alkane such as diphenylol propane.  Specified hardeners for the epoxy resins are phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, caustic soda, calcium oxide, sodium amide, guanidine, diphenyl guanidine, piperidine, triethanolamine, piperazine, hexamethylene tetramine, hydrazodicarbonimide, cyanamide, dicyanamide, melamine, mixtures of phthalic anhydride and diphthalyl, and polyalkylene polyamines such as triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine and pentaethylene hexamine. Amine hardeners which are also cross-linking agents for vinyl chloride polymers are preferred. The compositions may also comprise plasticizers, e.g. di-2-ethylhexyl phthalates, terephthalates and isophthalates, tricresyl phosphate, adipates and sebacates; fillers; pigments; and stabilizers; and may be used for coating metals, fabrics, glass and glass fibres, ceramics and thermoplastic films, the coatings being gelled and cured by heating. Examples describe compositions comprising polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, hardener and dinonyl phthalate with (1) a copolymer of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and maleic anhydride and (2) chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.ALSO:Substrates are coated with compositions comprising (a) a thermoplastic material comprising a vinyl chloride polymer containing carboxylic acid or carboxylic anhydride groups or a mixture of a major proportion of a vinyl chloride polymer together with a minor proportion of (i) a polymer containing carboxylic acid or carboxylic anhydride groups or (ii) an after-chlorinated vinyl chloride polymer, (b) an epoxy resin and (c) a hardener for the epoxy resin, and the coatings gelled and cross-linked by heating.  The substrates are preferably metals, such as steels, iron, zinc and aluminium, but may be fabrics, glass, glass fibres, ceramics or thermoplastic films.  Specified vinyl chloride polymers containing carboxyl groups are copolymers of vinyl chloride with maleic, fumaric, itaconic, aconitic, crotonic, acrylic, methacrylic and a -chloracrylic acids.  The carboxylic polymer may be an ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer.  The chlorinated vinyl chloride polymer may be chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, or a chlorinated copolymer of vinyl chloride with minor proportions of vinyl acetate, ethylene, propylene, styrene, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate or acrylonitrile.  Preferred epoxy resins are condensates of epihalohydrins or dihalohydrins with polyhydric compounds, particularly diphenylol propane. Specified hardeners are phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, caustic soda, calcium oxide, sodium amide, guanidine, diphenyl guanidine, piperidine, triethanolamine, piperazine, hexamethylene tetramine, hydrazodicarbonimide, cyanamide, dicyanamide, melamine, mixtures of phthalic anhydride and diphthalyl, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine and pentaethylene hexamine.  The compositions may also comprise plasticizers, e.g. di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, terephthalate and isophthalate, dinonyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, adipates and sebacates; fillers; pigments and stabilizers.  In examples mild steel plates shot-blasted and degreased with trichlorethylene are coated with compositions comprising polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, hardener, dinonyl phthalate, stabilizers, pigments and fillers and (1) a copolymer of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and maleic anhydride and (2) chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.