Patent GB-964828-A (GB)
Title: Motor vehicle hydraulic brake system
IPC: B60T8/26
Filed: 1962-04-17
Abstract: 964,828. Hydraulic brakes. KELSEY-HAYES CO. April 17, 1962 [June 12, 1961], No. 14800/62. Heading F2F. An hydraulic brake system for a motor vehicle includes a tandem master cylinder 10 for displacing fluid separately to the front (48<SP>1</SP>) and rear (23) brake cylinders of the vehicle and a single device 65 responsive to the rate of vehicle deceleration for increasing the rate of pressure increase to the front wheel brake cylinders and for decreasing the rate of pressure increase to the rear wheel cylinders. In operation, actuation of a push rod 15 either by the brake pedal or by a booster motor moves a plunger 13 to the left to displace fluid from the chamber 20 to the rear wheel cylinders through a port 72, normally open ball valve 69, bore 74, port 80, passage 82, chamber 25 and thence through passage 21 and a residual valve (not shown) associated therewith, and through lines 22 to the rear wheel brake cylinders 23. Upon compression of a return spring 38 arranged in chamber 20 between plungers 13 and 14, the plunger 14 starts to move to the left and a valve 54 closes communication between a chamber 43 and the various passages leading to the reservoir chamber 31. Pressure will then be generated in the chamber 43 and flow will be displaced through passage 44 past a residual valve (not shown) and through line 47 to the front wheel brake cylinders 48<SP>1</SP>. When pressure in chambers 20, 71 reaches a predetermined point, a spring- loaded plunger 75 will be moved away from the ball 69 in the device 65 and when the rate of vehicle deceleration reaches a predetermined point, the ball 69 closes communication between the chamber 71 and the various ports and passages leading to the chamber 25 so that no fluid can be displaced from the chamber 20 to the rear wheel cylinders and the plungers 13 and 14 act in unison. While the plunger 13 no longer displaces fluid into the rear wheel cylinders and due to the difference in the areas of the portions 16 and 17 of the plunger 14 operating in the bores 11 and 12 respectively, the movement of the plunger 14 not only displaces fluid to the front wheel cylinders but also displaces fluid from the chamber 25 to the rear wheel cylinders. Therefore, in this second stage of braking operation, fluid at a greatly reduced rate will be supplied to the rear wheel cylinders and this rate of displacement will be in fixed ratio to the rate of displacement of fluid from the chamber 43 to the front wheel cylinders. The pressure in the front wheel cylinders thereby increases at a higher rate than the pressure in the rear wheel cylinders. In the event of a failure in pressure in the chamber 20 for example if the line 22 should break the extension 35 will move into engagement with the extension 37 so that the plunger 13 will directly operate the plunger 14 to displace fluid from the chamber 43 to operate the front wheel brakes. If a pressure failure should occur in the chamber 43, pressure in the chamber 20 will move the plunger 14 to the left to its limit of movement so that additional movement of the plunger 13 will generate pressure in the chamber 20 to apply the rear wheel brakes.