Patent GB-1003734-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in gas turbine engines of the by-pass type
Inventor: BILL ARTHUR
IPC: B64C29/00
Filed: 1963-08-22
Abstract: 1,003,734. Gas turbine jet engines. ROLLSROYCE Ltd. Aug. 19, 1964 [Aug. 22, 1963], No. 33365/63. Heading F1J. [Also in Division B7] In a gas turbine jet engine of the by-pass type, a bleed air duct communicates with the by-pass duct and is adapted to convey air from the by-pass duct to a point of use, there being valve means whereby the air in the by-pass duct may be caused to flow either to the outlet of the by-pass duct or to the bleed air duct. A variable area nozzle is disposed at the outlet of the main exhaust gas duct, the variable area nozzle being operatively associated with the valve means so that the area of the nozzle is increased when the valve means is operated to allow air to pass through the bleed air duct. The invention is described with reference to an aircraft having two gas turbine by-pass type jet engines each engine comprising a bleed air duct by which air may be directed on to a tip turbine driving a lift fan. The engine is shown in Fig. 2 and comprises a low pressure compressor 18 and high pressure compressor 19 respectively driven by low pressure turbine 23 and high pressure turbine 21, a portion of air delivered by the low pressure compressor 18 passing into the by-pass duct 17. A variable area nozzle 25 is disposed at the outlet of the turbine exhaust duct, the flaps 30 being disposed either in the position shown in full lines or that indicated in broken lines in which they close off the downstream end of the by-pass duct. The engine comprises also a bleed air duct 15 which connects with the by-pass duct 17 by means of an annular manifold 40, an annular valve member 27 being disposed in the manifold 40 and operatively connected with the variable area nozzle flaps 30 so that when the bleed air duct is closed off, the by-pass duct is open as shown, or vice versa. The bleed air duct leads to a tip turbine 16 which drives a lift fan 14. When the lift fan is brought into operation by opening the valve 27 and closing off the downstream end of the by-pass duct 17 by means of the flaps 30, the outlet area of the turbine exhaust duct is a maximum so that the turbine 23 and so compressor 18 tend to overspeed so that the air delivered by the compressor 18 to the by-pass and bleed air ducts 17 and 15 is at an increased pressure which is of advantage. In a second embodiment, the valve members disposed in the by-pass and bleed air ducts 17 and 15 are in the form of inflatable bladders 32 and 31 respectively, the bladders being inflated by means of air from a reservoir 33 under the control of rotary valve 35. In the position shown air is passing from the reservoir 33 to the bladder 32 to close off the downstream end of the by-pass duct, while the bladder 31 is vented to atmosphere so opening the bleed air duct 15. When the valve member 35 is turned through 45 degrees in the anti-clockwise direction the bladder 31 is connected to the bladder 32 and is partially inflated thereby. Rotation of the valve member through a further 45 degrees places the bladder 31 in communication with the reservoir 33 and the bladder is therefore fully inflated. The bladder 32 is now vented to atmosphere and therefore wholly deflated. An actuator 37 for the flaps 30 of the variable area nozzle is also supplied from the reservoir 33 through a control valve 39 which is interconnected with the valve 35. The bleed air may alternatively be used for flap blowing devices or for driving helicopter rotors.