baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent RU-2763507-C1 (RU)
Title: Remote method for allocation of forest areas with predominance of dry or green deciduous or coniferous trees in summer from an aircraft carrier
Inventor: BARYSHNIKOV NIKOLAJ VASILEVICH
IPC: A01G23/00
Filed: 2021-04-14
Granted: 2021-12-29
Abstract: FIELD: forestry.  
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to forestry and can be used for remote monitoring of forests in vast territories. The remote method for allocating forest areas with a predominance of dry or green deciduous or green coniferous trees in summer includes remote registration of the brightness fields of forest vegetation from an aircraft carrier. In contrast to the known methods for aerospace forest monitoring, laser sensing from an aircraft carrier is used at three wavelengths safe for vision, λ 1 , λ 2 , λ, selected according to experimental data in the UV and near-IR spectral ranges. According to the measurement data, two information indices and are formed    and  , equal to the ratio of the recorded intensities I(λ i ) and I(λ j ) at the wavelengths λ i  and λ j . Areas with a predominance of dry or green deciduous or green coniferous trees are judged by the following ratios: R1(λ 2 , λ 3 ) ≥R1 thr (λ 2 , λ 3 ) for green deciduous and coniferous trees; R1(λ 2,  λ 3 )<R1 thr (λ 2 , λ 3 ) for dry trees; R2(λ 2 , λ 1 ) ≥R2 thr (λ 2 , λ 1 ) for green deciduous trees; R2(λ 2 ,λ 1 )<R2 thr (λ 2 ,λ 1 ) for green coniferous trees, where λ 1 =355 nm, λ 2 =2100 nm; λ 3 =2030 nm; R1 thr (λ 2 ,λ 3 ), R2 thr (λ 2, λ 1 ) are threshold values selected in the preliminary studies of the spectra of the reflection of trees in the region.  
     EFFECT: method is based on the analysis of experimental measurements of the reflection spectra of dry, green deciduous and green coniferous trees in a wide spectral range of 350-2500 nm and makes it possible to monitor regardless of the time of day and in a wide range of atmospheric conditions at aircraft carrier flight altitudes up to 10 km.  
     1 cl, 5 dwg
Patent RU-2761797-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for manufacturing a composite barium titanate - barium ferrite in aluminum-containing crucibles
Inventor: Shishkov Grigorii Sergeevich
IPC: C04B35/26
Filed: 2021-05-31
Granted: 2021-12-13
Abstract: FIELD: composite barium titanate production.SUBSTANCE: method of manufacturing a composite barium titanate - barium ferrite refers to the production of ferroelectric materials or multiferroics. To implement the proposed method, separate grinding of barium titanate and barium ferrite to a fineness of 10 microns is performed. The obtained powders of barium titanate and barium ferrite are mixed in a 4:1 ratio and mixed until homogeneous. To the resulting mixture is added 5 wt.% of a five percent by weight aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol as a plasticizer and stirring is carried out until homogeneous. The resulting mixture is cold formed with a pressure of 600 MPa. The composite is synthesized at 1248-1250°C for 2-6 hours, followed by smooth cooling of the resulting composite for 8-20 hours.EFFECT: creation of a composite multiferroic with the required magnetoelectric properties at a minimum sintering temperature.1 cl, 1 dwg
Patent RU-2765632-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for plastic chest wall defect with full-layer skin-subject-fascial-muscular flap on the superground artery
Inventor: Medvedchikov-Ardiya Mikhail Aleksandrovich
IPC: A61B17/00
Filed: 2021-07-13
Granted: 2022-02-01
Abstract: FIELD: medicine. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to thoracic surgery. From the lower part of the chest wall wound, an incision is made caudally with a dissection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue along the midline of the abdomen to a level of 10 cm below the navel. Then the incision is continued in the projection of the lateral edge of the rectus abdominis muscle, returning to the beginning of the incision, thereby forming an ovoid flap. The anterior leaflet of the rectus abdominis muscle is dissected, retreating 0.5 cm outward from the midline of the abdomen along the entire length of the wound. The rectus abdominis muscle is separated from the posterior leaf of its vagina, at the level of 10 cm below the level of the navel, the rectus abdominis muscle is crossed to its full thickness. The anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle is dissected along its lateral edge, in the costal arch region, the lateral edge of the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle with muscle fibers is dissected for 3 cm. The formed flap is moved to the chest wall so that it turns 180°. A perforated drainage tube is placed at the bottom of the wound under the formed graft, which is led out through the skin incision under the left costal arch. The graft is freely placed in the defect, the subcutaneous fat of the graft is fixed to the subcutaneous fat of the edges of the chest wound along the perimeter. Excess skin and subcutaneous fat are excised in the region of its lower part in the projection of the costal arch, while the edges of the wound of the chest and abdominal walls are compared when suturing the skin. Interrupted skin sutures are applied along the perimeter of the graft; in the lower part of the wound of the anterior abdominal wall, the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle is sutured with a white line of the abdomen with a continuous non-absorbable thread. The wound of the abdominal wall is drained with a perforated tube inserted into the lower part of the wound through a separate skin incision. 
     EFFECT: method allows eliminating an extensive defect of the chest wall after sternumectomy and resection of the ribs, ensuring the prevention of the development of postoperative ventral hernia after harvesting a full-layer cutaneous-subcutaneous-fascial-muscle flap from the anterior abdominal wall and restoring the integrity of the skin of the chest wall without tension of tissues, which prevents the development of skin necrosis. 
     1 cl, 1 ex
Patent RU-2763625-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for breaking the ice cover
Inventor: Shishmarev Konstantin Aleksandrovich
IPC: B63B35/08
Filed: 2021-08-23
Granted: 2021-12-30
Abstract: FIELD: shipbuilding.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular to submarines that destroy the ice cover by resonant flexural gravity waves (FGW). The method of destruction of the ice cover by a submarine consists in the excitation of FGW in the ice when the vessel moves under the ice at a resonant speed. During movement, hydrodynamic vortices are formed in the bow and stern ends of the vessel by suction of water from the area with minimum pressure arising on the upper surface in the middle of the ship's hull. During the movement of the vessel, the direction of rotation of the vortices is periodically reversed with a doubled frequency of the resonant FGW, the duration of the change in the direction of rotation of the vortices should be equal to half the period of the resonant FGW.EFFECT: increased efficiency of destruction of ice cover.1 cl, 1 dwg
Patent DE-2129411-C2 (DE)
Title: Measuring rotor vibrations and position in rotation machinery - from attenuation of multiple beams tangential to rotor using analyser to determine beam intensity
IPC: G01B11/14
Filed: 1971-06-14
Granted: 1982-05-06
Abstract: The device measures vibrations and positions of rotating machinery rotors w.r.t. their housings and also measures housing and rotor distortion using an electromagnetic or particle beam tangential to the rotor. The influence on the structure of the housing and the flow characteristics within it is minimal. The arrangement contains two or more pairs of a source and receiver offset w.r.t. each other by a whole number multiple of 90 degrees about the rotation axis. Two pairs may be placed at 180 degrees to each other with the rotor normally outside the beam path. When the rotor is in an anomalous condition it protrudes into the beam path. The receivers are connected to an analyser which determines whether the beam intensity is attenuated at one or both receivers.
Patent DE-2835401-C2 (DE)
IPC: F16L11/08
Filed: 1978-08-12
Granted: 1984-10-04
Abstract: A process and apparatus for making highly adhesive plastic top coatings, more particularly of polyurethane or thermoplastic polyester, on metallic substrates, particularly of braided or plaited wire layers, as pressure substrate, having an inner core of plastic, particularly a polymer of thermoplastic plastic, surrounded by the substrate, the plastic top coating being extruded in an extruder head onto the substrate, characterized in that the substrate having openings is prestressed then heated to approximately the temperature of the extrudate or the extruder head, so that there is generated in the inner core a radially directed prestress which forces at least part of the material thereof, while softening, through the openings in the substrate, and that thereafter a vacuum is created around the substrate or between the head and the flexible tube and that simultaneously with, or immediately after, the creation of the vacuum the top coating fusing intimately and/or bonding together with the material of the inner core that passes through the openings in the substrate.
Patent DE-3108718-C2 (DE)
Title: Vorrichtung zum Nachfördern von rieselfähigem Gut
IPC: A01C15/00
Filed: 1981-03-07
Granted: 1983-10-27
Abstract: Eine Räumeinrichtung (1) dient zum Zutransport von Streugut zu einer Verteilereinrichtung (2). Die Räumeinrichtung (1) weist im wesentlichen ein über Rollen (12, 13) umlaufendes Räumband (3) auf, das oben auf dem Streugut aufliegt. Die Räumeinrichtung (1) stützt sich am abgabefernen Ende mittels Stützrollen (19) an Schienen (20) ab, die beispielsweise an der führerhausrückseitigen Bordwand eines Fahrzeuges (7) angebracht sind. Während des Betriebes wandert die gesamte Räumeinrichtung (1) entsprechend dem abnehmenden Streugut auf diesem nach unten. Von wesentlicher Bedeutung ist, daß die Fördermenge der Räumeinrichtung (1) auf die vorgebbare Durchsatzmenge der Verteilereinrichtung (2) abstimmbar ist.
Patent DE-3118137-C2 (DE)
Title: Gasentladungs-Überspannungsableiter mit parallel geschalteter Luftfunkenstrecke
IPC: H01T1/14
Filed: 1981-05-07
Granted: 1986-04-24
Abstract: Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Überspannungsableiter mit einem gasgefüllten Gehäuse, in dem durch einen rohrförmigen Isolierkörper (4) voneinander beabstandet Elektroden (1, 6) einander gegenüberstehen, bei dem ein mit einer der Elektroden verbundener Flanschring die erste Elektrode (1) einer Luftfunkenstrecke (3) und ein darüber angeordnetes Metallteil die zweite Elektrode (2) der Luftfunkenstrecke (3) bildet, wobei die zweite Elektrode (2) der Luftfunkenstrecke (3) über Kontaktfedern (5) mit der anderen Elektrode (6) des Überspannungsableiters verbunden ist. Es soll eine Luftfunkenstrecke geschaffen werden, die in Kombination mit einem Überspannungsableiter in eine vorhandene Fassung einsetzbar ist und die sich durch eine niedrige Ansprechstoßspannung auszeichnet. Die Erfindung sieht hierzu vor, daß das die zweite Elektrode der Luftfunkenstrecke (3) bildende Metallteil eine ringförmige Kappe (2) ist, die in einer solchen Tiefe auf den rohrförmigen Isolierkörper (4) aufgepreßt ist, daß die beiden Elektroden (1, 2) eine Luftfunkenstrecke (3) mit definiertem Abstand bilden. Ein erfindungsgemäßer Überspannungsableiter mit Luftfunkenstrecke wird zum Schutz von Fernmeldeeinrichtungen verwendet.
Patent DE-3118825-C2 (DE)
Title: Elektroherd
IPC: H05B6/68
Filed: 1981-05-12
Granted: 1991-05-29
Abstract: Kartenbetätigbarer Herd für die Lebensmittelzubereitung mit einer Mehrzahl unterschiedlicher Erhitzungsbetriebsarten, wobei wenigstens eine erwünschte Erhitzungsbetriebsart aus der Mehrzahl Betriebsarten mittels einer aus einer Mehrzahl unterschiedlicher Karten ausgewählten Karte gewählt wird. Jede der verschiedenen Karten (6) trägt Hauptinformation für die Auswahl wenigstens einer Erhitzungsbetriebsart, die für eine erwünschte Lebensmittelzubereitung aus der Mehrzahl Betriebsarten erforderlich ist, und zusätzliche Information zum Einstellen wenigstens einer zusätzlichen Erhitzungsbedingung, die in Abhängigkeit von der angegebenen Erhitzungsbetriebsart bestimmt wird. Der Herd umfaßt Stellorgane (2, 3) zum Einstellen der zusätzlichen Erhitzungsbedingungen nach Maßgabe der auf einer ausgewählten Karte (6) angegebenen zusätzlichen Information, und eine Erhitzungsbetriebsart-Steuerstufe (11) zum Steuern der angegebenen Erhitzungsbetriebsart entsprechend der auf der gewählten Karte vorhandenen Hauptinformation, so daß der Erhitzungsvorgang unter Beachtung der eingestellten zusätzlichen Erhitzungsbedingung durchgeführt wird.
Patent DE-3119569-C2 (DE)
Title: Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von plastischen Formmassen
IPC: B29C48/44
Filed: 1981-05-16
Granted: 1984-09-13
Abstract: Eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von plastischen Formmassen weist einen Planetenwalzenextruder auf, der aus einem Planetenwalzenteil und einem vorgeschalteten Füllschneckenteil besteht. Mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung soll eine hohe Durchsatzleistung bei geringem technischen Aufwand erreicht werden. Dazu werden zwei Planetenwalzenextruder parallel nebeneinander angeordnet und mit einem gemeinsamen Antrieb und einer gemeinsamen Rohstoffzufuhr ausgestattet.
Patent DE-3151855-C2 (DE)
Inventor: DISTELDORF JOSEF DIPL CHEM DR
IPC: C07D251/34
Filed: 1981-12-30
Granted: 1993-11-04
Abstract: Polyisocyanatoisocyanurates of the formula   <IMAGE>   wherein the R groups may be the same or different and are aliphatic divalent radicals selected from the group consisting of divalent aliphatic radicals having the formulas   <IMAGE>  and n is a whole or fractional number from 1 to 5, are useful as isocyanate hardeners in polyurethane resin coatings.
Patent DE-3207080-C2 (DE)
Title: Vorgesteuertes Druckventil
IPC: F16K17/168
Filed: 1982-02-26
Granted: 1986-08-21
Abstract: Bei einem vorgesteuerten Druckbegrenzungsventil mit Wegeventil zum Umschalten auf drucklosen Umlauf sind in der den Systemdruck führenden Leitung Drosselstellen in der Weise vorgesehen, daß die Öffnungsbewegung des Hauptkolbens des Druckbegrenzungsventils stark gedämpft ist und die Drosselverluste in der von der den Systemdruck führenden Leitung über das Wegeventil zum Tank führen Bypass-Leitung bei geöffnetem Hauptkolben sehr gering sind und somit auch der Widerstand des Hauptstromes über den Hauptkolben entsprechend gering ist.
Patent DE-3218885-C2 (DE)
Title: Regeleinrichtung für eine Stromrichteranlage mit steuerbarem Halbleitersteller
IPC: H02M7/155
Filed: 1982-05-19
Granted: 1986-06-26
Abstract: Bei dieser Regeleinrichtung für eine an ein Wechselspannungsnetz angeschlossene Stromrichteranlage mit steuerbarem Halbleitersteller (14) ist dem Stromregler (25) ein Störstromregler (27) parallelgeschaltet. Der Störstromregler dient zur Unterdrückung von Störfrequenzen, die durch Eigen schaften des Stromrichtertransformators oder durch die gleichstromseitig angeschlossene Anlage erzeugt werden und den Betrieb signaltechnischer Einrichtungen stören. Der Störstromregler (27) empfängt eingangsseitig ein dem Netzstrom (I ↓F) des Stellers (14) entsprechendes Signal und weist eine Bandsperre (28) zur Unterdrückung des netzfrequenten Anteils sowie einen Bandpaß (29) zur selektiven Anhebung der Störfrequenz auf. Das Ausgangssignal des Störstromreglers (27) wird im Sinne einer Gegenkopplung zum Ausgangssignal des Stromreglers (25) addiert. Die Regeleinrichtung findet Verwendung beim Antrieb von Bahnfahrzeugen und bei statischen Wechselstrom-Umformern.
Patent DE-3226367-C2 (DE)
Title: Rückführungs-Fernprüfsystem
IPC: H04L69/40
Filed: 1982-07-14
Granted: 1984-09-27
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rückführungs-Fernprüfverfahren für ein Datenübertragungssystem, das mit entgegengesetzten Enden einer Übertragungsleitung verbundene Datenübertragungseinheiten, und eine in einer Datenübertragungseinheit (3) gebildete Rückführungsschleife auf ein Befehlssignal von der anderen Datenübertragungseinheit (2) hin, wenn Übertragungsleitung Modulator, Demodulator usw. getestet werden sollen, enthält. Ein zu übertragendes Datum wird nach einer bestimmten Zeitdauer nach dem Aussenden eines Signals, das die Übertragungsleitung in einen Verkehrszustand versetzt, ausgesendet wird, und innerhalb der bestimmten Zeitdauer ein Befehlssignal, das eine Rückführungsschleife ausbildet, gesendet.
Patent DE-3235451-C2 (DE)
Title: Schaltungsanordnung für eine Fernsprechanlage, insbesondere Fernsprechnebenstellenanlage, mit Sprech- und Signalwegedurchschaltung über seriell geschaltete Koppler mit Anschaltemöglichkeit für Codeempfänger
IPC: H04Q3/52
Filed: 1982-09-24
Granted: 1985-05-09
Abstract: Die Endstellen sind an Spalten bzw. Zeilen von Kopplern mit unabhängig voneinander betätigbaren Koppelpunkten und an die Zeilen bzw. die Spalten dieser Koppler sind Zwischenleitungen anschaltbar, welche Koppler unterschiedlicher Endstellengruppen verbinden und Verbindungen zu unterschiedlichen Verbindungsleitungen durchschaltenden Kopplern herstellen, wobei in diesen Zwischenleitungen ein bzw. mehrere Koppler für die Anschaltung eines Codeempfängers geschaltet sind.
Patent DE-3245668-C2 (DE)
IPC: A63C9/082
Filed: 1982-12-09
Granted: 1988-03-24
Abstract: The cross-country ski binding has a plate which is arranged on the upper surface of the ski and is pivotable about a vertical axis located in the ball region of a boot. The plate is held in the central position by means of a latch device which releases to permit rotation of the plate relative to the ski on the occurrence of impermissibly high turning moments relative to the vertical axis and thus relative to the ball region.
Patent DE-3316494-C2 (DE)
IPC: C01C3/00
Filed: 1983-05-05
Granted: 1991-04-18
Abstract: 1. Process for the preparation of an isocyanic acid/ammonia gas mixture having a low cyanuric acid content by heating molten urea, which is blown into a fluidized bed consisting of an inert material, to temperatures of 300 to 480 degrees C in the course of less than 1 second, characterized in that the molten urea is sprayed, into the fluidized bed, 35 to 200 mm above the inlet point of the fluidizing gas, at an outlet velocity of 3 to 15 m/second, parallel to the direction of flow of the fluidizing gas and at a minimum distance of 300 mm from wall surfaces and/or surfaces serving for heat exchange.
Patent DE-3336190-C2 (DE)
IPC: B65G17/20
Filed: 1983-10-05
Granted: 1985-11-07
Abstract: 1. A retaining chain conveyor for suspended parcelled goods comprising a track (1) of cruciform cross-section with a central section open on top and underneath which is formed by two beams (1a, 1b) of hat-like, inwardly open cross-section which face one another at a distance and comprise upper and lower track surfaces for horizontal guide elements and fixed lateral track surfaces for vertical guide elements of links (2a) of a transversely jointed chain (2) arranged therein, these links (2a) each being supported by a supporting plate (3) acting as a support for C-shaped suspension attachments (5) via support elements (3c) extending in pairs through the upwardly open central section of the track and said links further being connected by elements (2c, 2d) moveable in planes at a right-angle to one another, and further comprising a lifting and buffer unit (4) for the suspension attachments (5) arranged externally on the track (1), characterized in that the supporting plates (3) are cut to length so that their ends abut one another with a slight gap, forming a substantially continuous supporting belt, and in that the lifting and buffer unit (4) for the C-form suspension attachments (5) is operable preferably by the moving chain (2), but also by outside energy.
Patent DE-3614051-C2 (DE)
IPC: E21D9/12
Filed: 1986-04-25
Granted: 1989-07-20
Abstract: Loading installation for a winning element (5), in particular a loading member (5) which is designed as a screw conveyor and if need be at the same time forms the winning element and interacts with a guide element (6). The loading installation (5) is arranged transversely in front of an appliance (1), preferably movable on caterpillar tracks (2), in such a way that a fork (8) is provided which is pivotable in the transverse direction about an axle journal (13) displaced in the centre axis of the appliance. The loading installation together with guide element is rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis which extends in the area between the free fork arms.   <IMAGE>
Patent DE-3807600-C2 (DE)
Inventor: VOLZ HANS DR
IPC: G02B1/10
Filed: 1988-03-08
Granted: 1999-06-17
Abstract: The invention relates to a low-reflection, highly transparent neutral sun-protection coating (5), for through as well as exterior viewing, and/or a heat rejection coating (5), both for a transparent substrate (1), in particular in the case of insulating glazings, and to a method of producing such coatings. The heat rejection coating (5) is formed by a multilayer structure of metallic connection layer/metal/metallic connection layer, in which the two metallic-connection layers (2, 4) have different refractive indices. The sun-protection coating (5) is characterised in that the metallic layer (3) in the metallic connection layers (2, 4) is distributed such that a specific thickness of the component metallic layer is not undershot, so that the electrical conductivity of the component metallic layer (3) is still guaranteed. <IMAGE>
Patent DE-3833972-C2 (DE)
IPC: C07D207/28
Filed: 1988-10-06
Granted: 1990-12-20
Abstract: The new, crystalline trihydrates of sodium L- and D-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate. These trihydrates can be obtained by adjusting the concentration and the temperature in an aqueous solution of sodium L- or D-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxlate in such a manner that the solubility of the desired trihydrate is exceeded.
Patent DE-3901421-C2 (DE)
Inventor: ZAHN KLAUS
IPC: F16H59/44
Filed: 1989-01-19
Granted: 1993-11-25
Abstract: A gear box, particularly with power shift stage, connected downstream of an internal combustion engine is shifted between at least two speed transmission ratios according to the internal combustion engine load. In order to improve the ride comfort and to increase productivity, an automatic operating device is proposed for this purpose. This contains a switch appliance (33) connected to an adjusting element (40) for the fuel supply, a device (34) for registering the speed of the combustion engine and a control unit (36). The signals from the switch appliance (33) and the speed registering device (34) are fed to the control unit (36). The control unit (36) analyses these signals and, if a presettable fuel feed adjustment value and at least one presettable engine speed value are either exceeded or not reached, emits control signals for automatic shifting to the gear box (10). The control unit (36) is preferably activated when the fuel feed adjustment value corresponds to the full throttle value. 
<IMAGE>
Patent DE-3926995-C2 (DE)
Inventor: CRETEN ANDRE
IPC: B02C18/00
Filed: 1989-08-16
Granted: 1994-01-05
Abstract: For the filtration of coolant lubricants, filter aids in the form of flat two-dimensional structures are used as disposable filters in filter band devices. The filter band 11 laden with metal chips or sludge and impregnated by cooling lubricants is passed over a scraping device 14 on the discharge side of the band filter device. Sludge and/or filter cake and band are largely separated. The spent filter band is then drawn into a tearing device 19, which is adjusted to the working cycle of the filter. The band torn down to fibre size passes under the tearing device into a water-tight container 20. The container is readily exchangeable. There is no direct contact of the operating personnel with the soiled filter band during the disposal. <IMAGE>