baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-904732-A (GB)
Title: Process for hydrogenating aromatic hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C5/10
Filed: 1961-01-19
Abstract: The hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons is effected at superatmospheric pressure and not more than 427 DEG C. with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising an alumina-containing support containing minor proportions of a platinum group metal and an alkali or alkaline earth metal.  The aromatic hydrocarbon may be a benzene of alkyl benzene or naphthalene.  The catalyst support may contain minor amounts, with respect to the alumina, of silica, titania, zirconia and boria and may contain 0.1-2% of platinum, palladium, ruthenium or rhodium and up to 5%, preferably 0.01-0.7% of caesium, lithium, rubidium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, barium and/or strontium; a halogen may also be present.  The catalyst is prepared conventionally by impregnation, drying and calcining.  The aromatic compound is preferably treated in three or more reactors containing equal amounts of catalyst.  The feed, e.g. benzene, is split into equal portions each of which is fed to a reactor; to the first reactor is also fed a cyclohexane recycle in an amount of 0.5-5 mols per mol of total benzene charge and sufficient hydrogen at 6.8-68 atmospheres pressure to leave at least 4 mols per mol of hydrocarbon in the product effluent.  The feed to the first reactor is heated and the effluent from each reactor is mixed with the further benzene feed and cooled before passing to the next reactor.  The total benzene charge to the total catalyst is fed at a rate of 1-5 vol./vol./hr. Unreacted hydrogen is separated, mixed with fresh hydrogen and treated to remove hydrogen sulphide by washing with aqueous caustic soda and water.  The hydrogen is thus saturated with water which may be present in an amount up to 1% mol of the aromatic hydrocarbon. The catalyst is not poisoned by sulphur which may be present in the feed in amounts up to 3 p.p.m.  The product contains less than 0.1% mol of aromatic hydrocarbon.
Patent GB-484021-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in power transmission mechanism
IPC: F16H3/00
Filed: 1937-01-25
Abstract: 484,021. Reversing - gearing. M. M. DRIVES, Ltd., and McPHERSON, C. Jan. 25, 1937, No. 2184. [Class 80 (ii)] [Also in Group XXXV] Gearing, especially for driving electric generators upon railway vehicles, drives a shaft 16 always in one direction whichever way a shaft 15 geared to the vehicle axle, which supplies the motion, may be running. The shaft 16 carries a bevel gear 17 which meshes constantly with loose bevel gears 18, 19 which are situated between two separate one-way clutch members 21, 22 and are adapted to be driven alternatively therefrom. The clutch members 21, 22 are thrown over in the same direction by screw means every time the shaft 15 reverses in rotation, so that the clutch member which was idle before becomes operative. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the screw means is helical gearing between the clutch members 21, 22 loose on a plain shaft 20 and broad helical gears 27, 28 fast on the shaft 15. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, the clutch members 21, 22 are nuts on the shaft 15 itself which is screwed at 37, 37<1>. The one-way character of the clutches is to allow the generator to overrun the vehicle.
Patent GB-378323-A (GB)
Title: Arrangement for the driving of a weaving loom by individual electric motor
IPC: D03D51/00
Filed: 1932-01-25
Abstract: 378,323. Driving looms. ATELIERS DIEDERICHS, Bourgoin, IsÞre, France. Jan. 25, 1932, No. 2220. Convention date, Jan. 26, 1931. [Class 142 (i).] In a loom driven by an electric motor 2 the armature shaft 3 is hollow and carries the clutch part 7, the other clutch part 10 being carried by the inner spindle 9 which carries the driving pinion 11. The clutch parts are separated or engaged against the action of a spring 13 by connections 15, 19, 20 and the loom stop lever 18.
Patent GB-137396-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of citric acid
IPC: C07C51/02
Filed: 1919-01-30
Abstract: In the purification of calcium citrate and the preparation of citric acid therefrom, the crude calcium citrate is treated with a solution of an alkali bisulphate, such as sodium bisulphate or nitre-cake, yielding a liquid containing citric acid, sodium citrate in solution, and calcium sulphate.  The liquid, after filtration or not, is boiled and neutralized with milk of lime or calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate being also added if the liquid has been filtered.  Calcium citrate is precipitated, and is separated and treated with sulphuric acid to obtain free citric acid.
Patent GB-803963-A (GB)
Title: Method of joining glass articles and composition therefor
IPC: C03C27/12
Filed: 1957-01-23
Abstract: 803,963. Welding glass. CORNING GLASS WORKS. Jan. 23, 1957 [Jan. 30, 1956], No. 2483/57. Drawings to Specification. Class 56. Glass bodies (which may be of any shape, e.g. plates or tubes, or size down to powdered glass) are joined together by interposing between them a cement comprising an intimate mixture of about 15-90 per cent. weight of at least one finely divided metal (particularly aluminium) and 85-10 per cent. weight of at least one non- distillable organs polysiloxane and heating to such temperature as will completely decompose the polysiloxane so that the glass bodies are joined by the thermal reaction product of the mixture. When powdered glass is used the mixture may be moulded to shape before being heated. Many examples are given.
Patent GB-1305523-A (GB)
IPC: H01J37/12
Filed: 1971-01-19
Abstract: 1305523 Discharge apparatus COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 19 Jan 1971 [20 Jan 1970] 2517/71 Heading HID A system of electrostatic quadrupole lenses is provided by an array of parallel electrodes disposed in a square matrix. In Fig. 1 insulating rods 1 extend between parallel supports 3 and 4 and are provided with conductive coatings 10 on each end. Each group of four electrodes 10 are connected to equal and opposite potentials relative to the beam to form a quadrupole lens, and the corresponding group at the opposite ends of the rods 1 are connected to opposite potentials to form a second oppositely-directed quadrupole lens. An inlet aperture 7 for the beam 14 is provided in the centre of each group of four electrodes and couples to a smaller aperture in the plate 3; a corresponding output aperture 8 is provided in plate 4. The apertures 7 and 8 may be 1 mm. diameter, the smaller apertures may be 0À2 mm. diameter, and the rods 1 may be 1 mm. diameter arranged on a matrix of 2 mm. pitch. The support plates may be coated with printed circuits to make electrical connection to the electrodes. The support plates may be mounted rigidly, or the plate 4 may be mounted on a support which is translatable in two directions and rotatable. The centre insulating portions 11 of the rods 1 tend to collect charge and may be omitted, Fig. 4 (not shown). The system may be used for simultaneous ion implantation of 1000 or 2000 identical integrated circuits, or may alternatively be used for electron beam machining, welding, cutting, or irradiation of sensitive resins.
Patent GB-537389-A (GB)
Title: Systems sensitive to the direction of propagation of electromagnetic waves
IPC: G01S1/02
Filed: 1940-02-09
Abstract: 537,389. Directive wireless systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Feb. 9, 1940, No. 2533. Convention date, March 7, 1939. [Class 40 (v)] The " sense " of an incoming signal, transmitted say, by an approaching aeroplane, is determined rapidly, i.e. without having continuously to oscillate the search-coil of an Adcock or other aenal, by operating a three-point switch 27, Fig. 7. In its upper position, the switch gives the usual " ambiguous bearing-line AA1, Fig. 1, and in the centre position rotates the figure-of-eight diagram 1, Fig. 2, through an angle of say 45 degrees to the position 2, and simultaneously converts it to cardioid form 3. In the lower position of the switch the cardioid 3 is reversed as shown by the dotted lines 4. The comparison of the signal intensity OB in the second switch position, with that OB1 in the third switch position, then gives a clear indication of the sense of the incoming signal.
Patent GB-469732-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to combinations of electric discharge devices and materials excited to luminescence by the electric discharge
IPC: C09K11/59
Filed: 1936-01-27
Abstract: 469,732. Electric discharge lamps combined with luminescent materials. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and RANDALL, J. T. Jan. 27, 1936, No. 2536. [Class 98 (i)] [Also in Group XL] In a source of light comprising in combination an electric discharge device with a gaseous filling, such as neon or a mixture of mercury vapour and argon, and a luminescent material, this material consists wholly or mainly of magnesium tungstate activated as with lead to emit blue light. The material is placed in direct contact with the discharge ; or, in the case of a filling containing mercury vapour, may be separated from it by a partition sufficiently transparent to short-wave radiation. In the case of a neon filling, the ratio of the primary and luminescent radiations may be adjusted in known manner, e.g. as described in Specification 460,890, [Group XL], to give an almost white response with high efficiency. In the case of a mercury vapour filling, if the ratio is adjusted for maximum efficiency a bluish-white response results, the spectrum of which is broader and the efficiency greater, than that of a similar lamp employing calcium tungstate ; but a white response may be obtained by mixing the magnesium tungstate, with a red-luminescent material such as cadmium silicate or zinc phosphate. The preparation of magnesium tungstate containing 0À1 per cent of lead as activator from the oxides MgO and WO3 and lead nitrate is described. Specification 184,485, [Class 98 (i)], also is referred to.
Patent GB-550768-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for transferring or conveying loosely laid layers of fibrous material, such as kapok
IPC: D01G23/00
Filed: 1941-07-11
Abstract: 550,768. Conveyers. BALLAMY, L. M., and SHEEPSHANKS, R. H. July 11, 1941, No. 2551/42. Divided out of 547,117, [Group IX] [Class 78 (i)] A layer 10 of loosely-laid kapok or other fibres is transferred from a moving surface such as an endless-belt conveyer 12 to an adjacent surface 15, and is stripped or separated from the first-named surface at 22 by means of compressed air or other gas. In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, -the endless belt 12 passes over a stationary cylinder 18 having a number of perforations or slits 20 through which air is blown to lift the fibres from the belt, the latter being made of openwork material such as wire gauze or textile fabric. In the modification shown in Fig. 4, the belt 12 passes round a perforated rotating roller 23 the interior of which is supplied with air by stationary nozzles 25. The fibre is fed to the conveyer 12 by another conveyer 11 and passes along the stationary surface 15 of a sewing machine 16, being fed along by feeding mechanism such as that described in Specification 546,891, [Group VII].
Patent GB-1148993-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to insulated electrical conductors
IPC: H01B3/42
Filed: 1968-01-18
Abstract: 1,148,993. Cables. DR. BECK & CO. A.G. 18 Jan., 1968 [23 Jan., 1967], No. 2669/68. Heading H1A. Conductor 1 has a first insulating coating 2 of cross-linked polyethylene terephthalate and a second insulating coating 3 of a polyhydantoin. Coating 2 may be applied as several layers; coating 3 is preferably thinner.
Patent GB-740355-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatic looms
Inventor: YOUNG DOUGLAS DRYDEN
IPC: D03D45/20
Filed: 1952-02-01
Abstract: 740,355. Automatic cop changing in looms. URQUHART LINDSAY & ROBERTSON ORCHAR, Ltd. March 9, 1953 [Feb. 1, 1952; April 18, 1952], Nos. 2711/52 and 9760/52. Class 142 (2). When a shuttle is exhausted, and a weft fork detects absence of weft, cop changing takes place after the next pick with the takeup of the fabric interrupted, whereas if the weft breaks, the loom is stopped. On the shuttle becoming exhausted a weft fork 12 detects absence of weft and is engaged by the weft fork hammer 14 so that a collar 22 on the weft fork slide displaces a bar 17 which rocks a bell-crank lever 23 about its pivot 24, the bell-crank lever rocking a slotted lever 26 through a connecting member 31. Lever 26 actuates a system of levers to bring an abutment 42 into the path of a projection 51 on the slay so that on the next beat-up of the slay a cop is inserted in the shuttle. When the bell-crank lever 23 is rocked its arm 23a actuates a system to interrupt the take-up of the fabric. This is effected by raising a retaining and a take-up pawl clear of a ratchet wheel on the cloth beam for two picks, a spring influenced run-back pawl holding the beam after it has been let back a desired amount. If the weft breaks a weft feeler 30 is pushed back by the cop in the shuttle and a sector 28 engages a slot in the lever 26 and holds it against displacement, When the connecting member 31 is actuated, due to the weft fork detecting absence of weft, a slot 33 permits movement of this member relative to the slotted lever, and a lever 36 is rocked about its pivot 32 to knock-off the set handle 15 of the loom. To render the stop motion inoperative on restarting the loom the set handle is held out of contact with the bar 17. A slot 19 in this bar permits it to move away from the weft fork slide a slight extent so that the bar can no longer be engaged by the collar 22. In the event of weft breakage and after the set handle has been knocked off, a stop 62 formed on the knock-off lever 36 co-operates with a stop 63 on the bar 17 so that the bar is held forwardly in engagement with the collar to ensure that the means for interrupting the take-up has time to operate.
Patent GB-894247-A (GB)
Title: Antibacterial agents
IPC: C07D499/60
Filed: 1961-01-24
Abstract: Relates to acids of the general formula <FORM:0894247/IV (b)/1> and non-toxic salts thereof, wherein R1 is a cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl, allyl, benzhydryl, 2-phenylethyl or 3-phenyl-1-propyl group or an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms inclusive, and R2 is a cyclopenthyl, cyclohexyl or C1 to C6 alkyl group.  Typical acids of the above formula are 6 - (a  - butoxypropionamido), 6 - (a -cyclohexyl-oxypropionamido), 6 - (a  - allyloxyisovaler-amido), and 6-(a -isobutoxyisovaleramido) penicillanic acid.  The compounds may be prepared by reacting 6-aminopenicillanic acid or a neutral salt thereof with an acid chloride of the general formula <FORM:0894247/IV (b)/2> or with its functional equivalent as an acylating agent for a primary amino group, such as the corresponding carboxylic acid bromides, scid anhydrides and mixed anhydrides with other carboxylic acids.
Patent GB-1494772-A (GB)
Title: Mass counting of radioactive samples
IPC: G01T1/204
Filed: 1975-01-22
Abstract: 1494772 Locating radio-active samples G D SEARLE & CO 22 Jan 1975 [24 Jan 1974] 2774/75 Heading G1A Apparatus for analyzing a plurality of radio-active samples comprises: scintillation means, and a planar array of photo-detectors responsive thereto; matrix means for positioning the samples at predetermined locations; and means for processing the photodetector signals to determine the location of any radiation event occurring within the matrix of samples. Radio-active samples 13, Fig. 2, arranged in a matrix of holes in a tray 14 are suspended above a scintillation crystal 18 (e.g. thallium-activated NaI) positioned to illuminate one or more of an array of PM tubes P1-P19 via a light guide 45 to which the PM tubes are optically coupled. The PM tubes, shown in plan view in Fig. 1, define a coordinate system. Preamplifiers in electrical connectors 52 supply individual signals via a cable 12 to a processing circuit 20 which provides signals +x, -x, +y, -y, whose relative amplitudes define X and Y co-ordinates of any scintillation event, by summing and comparing individual signals received from combinations of adjacent PM tubes. The resolution of the circuit 20 is such that the location to which an event is attributed may be one of a number of possible locations which considerably exceeds the number of PM tubes used (e.g. sixfold). The signal amplitude at any location, and its co-ordinates, are tabulated in a multichannel analyzer 23 to provide a measure of the radio-activity in a corresponding sample 13. Extraneous pulses are rejected by a pulse height analyzer 21 pre-set to accept and gate only those pulses having amplitudes between predetermined limits typical of the samples 13. The resolution of the apparatus is improved by a collimator 16 made of e.g. lead and having parallel spaced apertures whose axes are perpendicular to the co-ordinate system. In a modification Fig. 3 (not shown) apertures (17<SP>1</SP>) of a collimator (16<SP>1</SP>) are parallel to an axis (S) inclined to the perpendicular (P). Synchronous drive means (37, 38) cause rotation of the collimator (16<SP>1</SP>) and precession of the PM tube array, such that radio-activity is viewed in conical shells each having its apex in an area where a plane (D) intersects a respective sample (13). In another embodiment Fig. 4 (not shown) the scintillation crystal is omitted, the scintillation means being constituted by liquid scintillator mixed with a respective solution containing each radio-active specimen to form a sample (25) which is suspended in an aperture of a collimator (28) directly over the PM tube array (26). An alternative scintillation crystal assembly Fig. 6 comprises crystal elements 18<SP>1</SP> each having a fluid bore and an Al shield 48<SP>1</SP> and being separated from its neighbours by Al partitioning 61, the outer face beyond the blind end of the bore being in contact with a light guide 45.
Patent GB-829294-A (GB)
Title: Electroluminescent light amplifier
IPC: H01L31/14
Filed: 1956-01-27
Abstract: 829,294. Electroluminescence. SYLVANIA ELECTRIC PRODUCTS Inc. Jan. 27, 1956 [Feb. 2, 1955], No. 2797/56. Drawings to Specification. Class 39(1). The electroluminescent and photo-capacitive layers of a light amplifier eachcomprise particles embedded in a dielectric material. A portion of the surface of each particle or some of the particles may be covered by a film of metal e.g. calcium. The phosphor may be copperactivated zinc sulphide and the photo-capacitive material zinc sulphide, cadmium sulphide or selenium. Ceramic frit is a suitable dielectric material. The layers may be applied as mosaics.
Patent GB-996474-A (GB)
Title: Jetting shoe
Inventor: STEPHENS ROBERT LOUIS
IPC: E21B7/20
Filed: 1962-01-26
Abstract: 996,474. Earth-jetting apparatus. WARSOP DEWATERING Ltd. Nov. 23, 1962 [Jan. 26, 1962], No. 2969/62. Heading E1F. In a jetting shoe 1 for a well point one or more, preferably three, jetting passages 3 are so located off the longitudinal axis XX of the shoe as to converge to a point on the longitudinal axis of the shoe ahead of the shoe. The point is preferably located two to three inches ahead of the leading end of the shoe.
Patent GB-1111365-A (GB)
Title: Process for agglomerating coffee
IPC: A23F5/38
Filed: 1967-01-19
Abstract: In a process for producing coffee agglomerates connected by bonds made of melted coffee solids, soluble coffee particles are moistened to render them sticky and contacted to form agglomerates, sufficient moisture (8-15%) being present in thermoplastic point of the coffee at the points of contact to a level insufficient to dissolve the contact points, and the agglomerates are heated during drying to above the thermoplastic point to fuse the particles.  The coffee is initially moistened with between 1% and 5% total moisture, agglomerates are formed and the moist agglomerates are fused during drying in humidified air having a wet bulb temperature of between 110 DEG F. and 150 DEG F., sufficient moisture (8-15%) being present in the surface portions of the coffee particles to accomplish fusion at these temperatures.  A working example is directed to the treatment of spray-dried "instant" coffee.
Patent GB-1177373-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gold electroplating
IPC: C25D3/48
Filed: 1967-01-19
Abstract: 1,177,373. Electro-deposition of gold or gold alloy. ENGELHARD MINERALS & CHEMICALS CORP. Jan.19, 1967[Jan.21, 1966], No.3000/67. Heading C7B. An electrolyte solution for use in the electrodeposition of gold or gold alloy comprises 1-50 g. alkali metal gold cyanide 10-200 g. alkali metal or ammonium pyrophosphate 20-100 g. superphosphoric acid 0À005-0À5 g. in total of at least one of the base metals Co, Ni, Cd and Zn, per litre of solution, the solution having a pH in the range from 3À5 to 4À5. Superphosphoric acid is defined as a mixture containing orthophosphoric acid and pyrophosphoric acid, with or without one or more of the other polyphosphoric acids, the mixture containing an equivalent of from 72 to 85% by weight of P 2 0 5 .. The base metal(s) may be added as a polyphosphate (e.g. pyrophosphate), orthophosphate or sulphate. The solution may also contain 5 to 20 g. /1. of dihydrogen ammonium phosphate. Examples are of electro-plating brass strip using electrolytes wherein the superphosphoric acid contains triphosphoric acid.
Patent GB-215085-A (GB)
Title: Process for manufacturing figured cardboard
IPC: D21J1/00
Filed: 1923-02-01
Abstract: 215,085. Baumbach, W. Feb. 1, 1923. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Boards; coated paper. - A marbled or figured cardboard is obtained by sprinkling upon the moist and soft cardboard, before pressing, a mass of cellulose or fibrous material such as rags, wool, or straw mixed wit'h water, placing a cloth over the cardboard, pressing, removing the cloth and drying. The mixture may be first applied to the cloth and then transferred to the cardboard.
Patent GB-715842-A (GB)
Title: Electronic matching of ultra high frequency lines
IPC: H01P5/08
Filed: 1952-02-05
Abstract: 715,842. Magnetrons. COMPAGNIE GENERALE DE TELEGRAPHIE SANS FIL. Feb. 5, 1952 [Feb. 19, 1951], No. 3056/52. Class 39(1) [Also in Group XL(b)] A magnetron M having four cavities as shown has two outputs each of these being connected to one of the two pairs of opposing cavities. The outputs are shown connected to separate stubs B and C in a waveguide system.
Patent GB-1132413-A (GB)
Title: Process for recovering solvents employed in the production of polyolefins and for preparing a paraffin-wax-containing product
IPC: C08J11/02
Filed: 1967-01-20
Abstract: 1,132,413. Solvents, recovery from polyolefine extracts. REXALL DRUG & CHEMICAL CO. 20 Jan., 1967 [24 Jan., 1966], No. 3060/67. Heading B1B. [Also in Divisions C3 and C5] Solvent such as a mixture of isopropanol and n-heptane, which has been used to extract metallic catalyst residues and polymeric materials of low molecular weight from a solid polyolefine product, e.g. polypropylene, is recovered from the extract by adding molten paraffin to the extract and vaporizing the solvent from the admixture. The paraffin wax should have a melting point of from 45‹ to 80‹C., and is added in a proportion at least 10% by weight of the solids in the contaminated solvent. As shown, the contaminated solvent, supplied through line 1, is submitted to preliminary concentration to 25 to 55 weight per cent of total solids by heating it to 75‹ to 95‹C. in evaporator 2 at a pressure of about 5 psig. The solvent vapours are condensed in cooler 20, and the condensate is collected in tank 22. Part of the bottoms liquid withdrawn from the evaporator 2 are recycled to it through reboiler 6, and the remainder is mixed in line 10 with molten paraffin wax which has been heated to 200‹- 320‹C. in furnace 8. The mixture is introduced into a low-pressure flash separator 11 where the remaining solvent is vaporized at a temperature in the range of 50‹ to 150‹C. The vapours are condensed in cooler 21, and the condensate is collected in tank 22. Part of the bottoms liquid withdrawn from the separator 11 may be recycled to it through line 15. The material withdrawn from the system through line 13 comprises paraffin wax, low-molecular polymers, and catalyst residues; e.g. aluminium, titanium and zirconium chlorides. This material may be used as an adhesive, liner, binder or coating composition.