baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-819459-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to an anti-skid chain for a tractor wheel
IPC: B60C27/08
Filed: 1957-07-15
Abstract: 819,459. Anti-skid chains. PETERSEN, R. N. July 15, 1957, No. 22375/57. Class 144(2). An anti-skid chain for a tractor tyre comprises tread plates 1 which are interconnected by chains 3 or links along the sides of the tyres and have welded ground-engaging flanges 4 bent to an obtuse angle, the bisector of which lies longitudinally of the chain. The flanges 4 are preferably arranged so that the vertex of each V-shaped imprint points in a direction opposite to that of the travel. Pairs of tread plates 1 may be interconnected by integral bent flanges 2.
Patent GB-709527-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to aluminium-base copper-containing alloys and the heat treatment thereof
IPC: C22C21/12
Filed: 1951-09-25
Abstract: An aluminium alloy contains Cu 4.0-7.5 per cent., Cd 0.075-0.23 per cent., Mg less than 0.15 per cent., Sn less than 0.005 per cent., Mn not exceeding 1.5 per cent., Fe not exceeding 1.0 per cent., Si not exceeding 13.0 per cent., up to 2 per cent. in all of Zn (up to 1 per cent.), Ni (up to 1.5 per cent.), Cr. (up to 1 per cent.), Mo (up to 1 per cent.), Zr (up to 0.25 per cent.), Be (up to 0.25 per cent.), Ce (up to 0.25 per cent.), B (up to 1 per cent.), Ti (up to 0.5 per cent.), Ag (up to 1 per cent.), and Pb (up to 0.25 per cent.), and balance Al.  The alloys may be solution treatment at 480-545 DEG C., followed by precipitation hardening for a time H (in hours) at a temperature T (in  DEG C.) given by the formulae  (1) where Cu initially in solution exceeds 4.5 per cent.:  <FORM:0709527/II/1> (2) where Cu initially in solution is 3.5-4.5 per cent.: <FORM:0709527/II/2> (3) where Cu initially in solution is less than 3.5 per cent.:  <FORM:0709527/II/3> X being any value between 2 and 20.  Working may be carried out following solution treatment at any temperature between room temperature and the solidus temperature of the alloy disregarding any cadmium-rich constituent present. According to the first Provisional Specification, the content of Cd may be up to 1 per cent. Mg up to 0.5 per cent., and Si up to 16 per cent.
Patent GB-197595-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in a paper cup
IPC: B65D3/06
Filed: 1922-08-17
Abstract: 197,595. Rogers, F. H., (Vortex Mfg. Co.). Aug. 17, 1922. Paper and like bags. - A blank for making conical paper cups in the flat or folded form is formed as a section of a circle with an additional flap, Fig. 4, which is coated with adhesive. The blank is then folded on the line 7, which may be creased or scored, to bring the edge 4 to the centre of the blank, and then on the corresponding line so that the flap 2 overlies the edge 4 and adheres thereto. The point of the triangle thus formed is bent backward upon the line 9, so that the small triangle flap 12, the inner face of which is coated with adhesive, is pressed upon the back of the blank, as shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 1 shows the front face of the completed cup. Fig. 4 shows the manner in which the blanks are cut from paper strip.
Patent GB-322468-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in moving and changing signs
IPC: G09F13/14
Filed: 1928-08-03
Abstract: 322,468. Burns, W. A. Aug. 3, 1928. Signs.-A sign comprises inclined reflecting letters &c. 6 viewed against a background 4 or against the sky, a foreground being provided at 3 which is movable or changeable to vary the appearance of the sign. As shown in Fig. 2, the foreground is formed by an endless band with differently coloured portions 7, 7a. The background 4 may be black and the part 7 of the band white. In another form, Fig. 4 (not shown), there is no backboard such as 4, the sky serving as background; and the foreground is formed by a reflecting sheet over which may be covered by a black or coloured band. As shown in Fig. 5, the background is formed by a wall 4 and the foreground by a band 11, the image of the band appears in the plane of the wall at 11<a>. As shown in Fig. 6, the letters 6 are vertical, but have inclined reflecting surfaces 6<a>. In modifications not illustrated, the foreground or background may be illuminated at night; lamps may be mounted on the letters; a screen of coloured glass may be arranged above a silvered glass fore. ground so that the light to be reflected by the letters passes through the screen either before or after reflecting in the foreground, the sign being seen preferably against a back background; and the letters may be built up of silvered discs, squares, lozenges, &c. mounted on an inclined background or mounted on an inclined position on a vertical background. Specifications 302,478 and 302,703 are referred to. According to the Provisional Specification, the end unit of a coloured sign may carry its own colour scheme.
Patent GB-503596-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in tuning indicators for radio receivers
IPC: H03J1/08
Filed: 1937-11-17
Abstract: 503,596. Adjusting wireless apparatus. HROMADKO, J. F. Nov. 17, 1937, No. 22575. [Class 37] A tuning-indicator for a radio-receiver comprises a band or strip wound from one roller or drum on to another in accordance with the tuning adjustment, a tuning shaft driving one or other of the rollers through gearing including ratchet or clutch mechanism in accordance with the direction of rotation thereof. The tuning knob 10 drives through gearing 19 ... 25, a shaft 26, a helically splined portion 31 of which drives the condenser (not shown) through gears 32. The gear 25 also drives through 27, 28, 33 ... 37, a shaft 38, Fig. 3, a helically splined portion 39. of which carries a double ratchet element 40 so that according to the direction of rotation of the tuning knob 10 the ratchet element 40 is moved axially and drives one or other of the gears 42, 44, which drive the respective indicator drums 17, Fig. 1, through shafts 47, 48, sprocket wheels 49, 50, and chains such as 51. The band 15 carrying the station, wavelength or other indicia in columns, Is kept taut by spring-pressed arms 57 bearing on the flanges of the drums 17 and is viewed through an aperture 18 in the casing 12 and a corresponding aperture in the receiver cabinet. A moving mask controlled by the wave-change switch may be used to obscure all but the appropriate column of indications, or the various colunms could be selectively illuminated under the control of the wave-range switch. In the embodiment shown, however, the appropriate column of indications is brought into register with the panel viewing aperture by sliding the upper casing 12 relative to the lower casing 11 secured to the receiver chassis. This is effected by the wave-change-switch knob 63, through a cord drive 64, gearing 67, 68, 69 and a rack 70 on the casing 12.
Patent GB-633746-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to paper base planographic printing plates
IPC: B41N1/14
Filed: 1947-08-14
Abstract: 633,746. Printing-surfaces. WARREN CO., S. D. Aug. 14, 1947, Nos. 22614 and 22615. Convention dates, Aug. 19, 1946, and July 14, 1947. [Class 100 (ii)] Planographic printing-surfaces containing hydrophilic colloids are subjected to a rubbing, buffing, or brushing action to improve their printing properties. Itis stated that the rubbing action prolongs the life of the surface by increasing its resistance to penetration by ink or the wetting liquid, the action probably being due to reducing the porosity of the surface. The rubbing &c. action may be effected by hand or machine, and the rubbing &c. surface may be of cloth, felt, plush, bristles, horse or badger hair, nylon, rayon, tampico fibre, or fine wire. A smooth polished hard surface may be used. If the printing-surface has a base coat and a final or wash coat, either or both surfaces may be treated. A preferred application comprises a flexible support such as a base coating of a hydrophilic colloid such as casein and a pigment or filler such as clay rendered insoluble by formaldehyde, or other hardening agent, and a light wash coat of a hydrophilic colloid free of pigment. In one specific example of printing- surface, a web weighing 36 lbs. per 1000 square feet was prepared from fibres of coniferous and deciduous trees, rosin size, melamine formaldehyde condensate, and alum. The web was surface-sized with a solution of ammoniacal casein containing formaldehyde. A coating of a mixture containing 100 parts clay, 20 parts casein, and 1.5 parts dimethylplurea was applied and the web calendered..A wash-coat was applied containing 0.7 lbs. per 1000 square feet of a dilute solution (3 per cent) of gelatine in water containing ammonium di-chromate. The wash-coat may contain alginic acid dissolved in alkali and ammonium chromate. As a further example a wet-strength paper was coated with a mixture containing by weight 15 parts of casein, 10 parts gum arabic, 100 parts of clay, 20 parts of 40 per cent formaldehyde solution. The dried coating was swabbed with a 15 per cent solution of zinc acetate, and was rubbed after final drying. The invention may be applied to printing-surfaces as described in Specification 633,747, which are treated with di-valent metal salts, and the rubbing action serves to remove crystallized salt.
Patent GB-697569-A (GB)
Title: Lifting jack
IPC: B66D3/14
Filed: 1951-09-28
Abstract: 697,569. Load-handling appliances; winding and paying-out apparatus. LUNDSTROM, C. M. Sept. 28, 1951. No. 22661/51. Classes 78 (iii) and 78 (v). In a ratchet and pawl operated hoist the operating lever is moved through one arc for raising the load and through a larger arc for lowering the load during which latter movement the driving and holding pawls are each disengaged from one tooth of the ratchet and re-engaged with the succeeding tooth. As shown in Fig. 1, a ratchet wheel 6 is secured to a shaft having a sprocket for a chain 4 and an operating lever 8. To raise the load, the lever is depressed through an arc limited by a pin 18 engaging a slot on the lever. A pawl 13, connected by a toggle link and spring pressed plunger 14 to the lever engages the ratchet and drives it through the distance of one tooth, the load then being held by a pawl 9 secured to the housing by a toggle link and spring pressed plunger 12. To lower the load the movement of the lever is increased by removing the pin 18. The lever is then raised so that the pawl 13 is disengaged from the ratchet by the pin 15 to allow the lever to be depressed without driving, the pawl rides over one tooth then re-engages with the next tooth of the ratchet when the pawl strikes the stop 16. Further depressing of the lever causes a slight raising of the load, the pin 10 on the lever disengages the pawl 9 from the ratchet and holds it out of engagement against the stop 11 to allow lowering of the load under gravity as the lever is raised. The pawl 9 re-engages the succeeding tooth of the ratchet by the action of the pin 10 on the cam of the pawl. The operation is repeated obtaining step-by-step lowering. To free the ratchet from the pawls, the pin 18 is removed and a spring pressed pin 17 is released to hold the pawl 13 disengaged from the ratchet, the lever is then depressed to withdraw the pawl 9.
Patent GB-1330044-A (GB)
Title: Desensitised photographic silver halide emulsions
IPC: G03C1/36
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1330044 Desensitized negative silver halide photographic emulsions EASTMAN KODAK CO 19 April 1971 [2 March 1970] 22689/71 Heading G2C A negative silver halide photographic emulsion is desensitized by the addition thereto of a desensitizer combination comprising (1) a lipyridinium salt having two pyridinium nuclei joined by a linkage which is attached to a carbon atom of each nucleus and (2) an organic NO 2 - substituted nitrogen - containing (i.e. in the heterocyclic ring) heterocyclic desensitizer. Preferably 50-500mg of the desensitizer combination is used per mole of silver halide. The desensitizer combination preferably comprises 25-70 by weight per cent of (2). (1) is preferably a compound of the formula:- wherein R<SP>1</SP> and R<SP>2</SP> are each alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl; R 3  and R 4  are each H, halogen, or an alkyl or alkoxy group containing 1-4 carbons; R<SP>5</SP> and R<SP>6</SP> are each H, or alkyl containing 1-4 carbons; R is -CH=CH- or -CH 2 -CH 2 -; X<SP>-</SP> is an anion; n is 0 or 1; and m is 2, 3 or 4. Compound (2) is preferably a nitrothiazole or a nitro-substituted benzothiazole, quinoline, indolenine, benzotnazole or rhodanine having one or more No 2  groups attached to the heterocyclic ring or a benzene ring which is either a part of the heterocyclic nucleus or attached to it through a methine or polymethine chain or a quatemary salt thereof. Many examples of compounds (1) and (2) are given. The emulsions may also contain a cadmium salt e.g. cadnium chloride which increases the maximum density.
Patent GB-965127-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of vacuum formed articles
Inventor: CALVETE LOUIS GERALD
IPC: B29C51/00
Filed: 1962-06-13
Abstract: Thermoplastic sheet material, used in vacuum moulding (see Division B5) is made of a copolymer comprising from 2 to 20% by weight of 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate units and from 98 to 80% by weight of methyl methacrylate units, the copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.5 to 1.5 when measured as 1% weight/weight solution in chloroform at 20 DEG C. The sheet may be prepared by polymerizing the mixture of monomers, containing a chain transfer agent for e.g. a higher aliphatic mercatan, in a cell formed by two glass plates. Other copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated substances such as styrene, methyl or ethyl acrylate and acrylonitrile may be used in small amounts in the preparation of the copolymer.
Patent GB-211516-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to paints, enamels, japans, and the like
IPC: C09D7/00
Filed: 1922-08-21
Abstract: Pigments containing oxides of metals in the fourth and higher groups of the periodic system comprise as base an oxide having a positive charge relative to the filler, and as filler an oxide or oxides having a relatively negative charge, the oxides being calcined together at 450-1200 DEG  C. so as to form compounds of the metal of the base.  The constituents of the pigment are ground and sifted and then mixed in molecular proportions before calcination so that the resulting paint has no galvanic effect.  In examples, thoria as base is used with silica or kieselguhr as filler, with or without thorium silicate, titanate, or zirconate; magnesia or titanium trioxide as base is used with titanium oxide and silica as fillers.  In the same way pigments are obtained from titanium oxide and silica, and from calcium oxide and titanium oxide.
Patent GB-1126302-A (GB)
Title: Process for the polymerisation of acrylonitrile
Inventor: BALITRAND GEORGES
IPC: C08F20/44
Filed: 1967-05-16
Abstract: 1,126,302. Polymerization initiator. RHONEPOULENC S.A. 16 May, 1967 [17 May, 1966], No. 22727/67. Heading C3P. A polymerization initiator comprises (a) a peroxy compound, (b) an organic reducing agent and (c) a boron compound. It is used for the polymerization of acrylonitrile, optionally together with a vinyl or vinylidene comonomer, in an organic solvent. Specified peroxy compounds include H 2 O 2 , hydroperoxides, hydroxy hydroperoxides, peroxy acids and esters of such acids. The acid may be formed in situ from H 2 O 2  and the appropriate acid. Suitable reducing agents are glucose, benzoin, dihydroxyacetone, ascorbic, tartaric, lactic or citric acid, and stannous oxalate. The boron compound is e.g. boric oxide, a boric acid or an organic ester of ortho- or meta-boric acid. In Examples 1 to 7 and 11, acrylonitrile is polymerized in dimethyl formamide using as catalyst a combination of ascorbic acid and boric acid with cyclohexyl, t-butyl, cumene, pinane or methyl ethyl ketone hydroperoxide, H 2 O 2  and acetic acid, t-butyl peracetate or t-butyl perbenzoate. In Example 8, dimethyl sulphoxide is used as solvent and the catalyst comprises cyclohexyl, cumyl, t-butyl or pinane hydroperoxide or t-butyl perbenzoate, ascorbic acid and boric acid and in Example 9, dimethyl sulphoxide is the solvent and the catalyst comprises t-butyl perbenzoate, ascorbic acid and methyl or amyl borate, or the solvent is dimethyl formamide and the catalyst comprises t-butyl perbenzoate, ascorbic acid and B 2 O 3 , or cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, ascorbic acid and methyl borate. The catalyst in Example 10 is t-butyl perbenzoate, benzoin and boric acid. In Example 12, a terpolymer of acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate and potassium p-vinyloxy benzene sulphonate is produced in dimethyl formamide using cumene hydroperoxide, ascorbic acid and methyl borate or in dimethyl sulphoxide using t-butyl perbenzoate, ascorbic acid and boric acid; copolymers of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate or styrene are also formed in dimethyl formamide using as catalyst methyl ethyl ketone hydroperoxide, ascorbic acid and methyl borate.
Patent GB-584160-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the casting of copper and copper alloys
IPC: B22C23/02
Filed: 1944-11-17
Abstract: 584,160. Mould materials. LOWINGER, V. A., and WALPOLE, W. T. PELL-. Nov. 17, 1944, No. 22852. [Class 83 (i)] In casting copper or copper-rich alloys in a cast-iron mould, this is coated internally with aluminium powder suspended in a strong heatresisting resinous or other vehicle. Resinous aluminium paint containing 20 to 25 per cent' of aluminium may be used and is renewed after each casting operation. Chills used in a sand' mould may be similarly coated.
Patent GB-831738-A (GB)
Title: Pendulum
Inventor: LAKE THOMAS WILLIAM
IPC: G01C9/12
Filed: 1957-07-19
Abstract: 831,738. Levels. SPERRY GYROSCOPE CO. Ltd. July 19, 1957, No. 23018/57. Class 97(2) A pendulum for defining a vertical comprises a body including a closed hollow member mounted on bearings for rotation about an axis within a case substantially filled with liquid, the case having an internal shape in the form of a figure of revolution about the axis and the weight distribution of the body being such that the body, when lying in the liquid, is pendulous about the axis, vanes supported on the body being arranged to move the liquid with the body when it moves rotatively to the casing, the specific gravity of the liquid being such that the weight of liquid displaced is equal to the weight of the body. In the form shown a hollow cylinder 3 is mounted for rotation about its axis relatively to the axis of an oilfilled cylindrical casing 10. Vanes 1, 2, attached to the cyinder 3, move with a small clearance in the casing 10. A bobweight 13 is supported on wires 11, 12. The balance of the moving system may be adjusted by weights adjustable along threaded rods 4, 5, 6 projecting radially from the cylinder 3 and another rod 8 parallel to its axis.
Patent GB-415265-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in preheating devices for vapour burning, cooking, heating or lighting apparatus
IPC: F24C5/02
Filed: 1933-08-21
Abstract: 415,265. Vapour burners. ANDERSEN, M. G., 16, Vagtelvej, Frederiksberg, near Copenhagen. Aug. 21, 1933, No. 23261. [Class 75 (i).] In a vapour burner in which liquid fuel is supplied by compressed air from a reservoir 1 to the vaporizer, a preheating device 5 is screwed on the filling nipple 3 and carries the cap 3'. The device 5 comprises a spray burner 19 supplied with fuel and air from the reservoir 1 through a tube 28 and a channel 29, the outlet 18<1> being adapted to be closed by turning a screw cap 23 having an eccentric aperture 22. The burner 19 is provided with a cylindrical flame shield 24. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 383,505.
Patent GB-429077-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for packing tobacco and the like
IPC: B65B1/02
Filed: 1934-08-11
Abstract: 429,077. Making and filling paper &c. bags. HESSER MASCHINENFABRIK-AKT.- GES., F., 99, Olgastrasse, Bad Cannstatt, Germany. Aug. 11, 1934, No. 23229. Convention date, Aug. 14, 1933. [Classes 94 (i) and 94 (ii)] The machine includes a mandrel wheel for making paper and like bags and a mould wheel for receiving the bags for filling with tobacco &c. and closing. The mandrel wheel and the mould wheel are arranged in succession in the same plane, and are both rotated in the same direction. The wrapper feed, bag transfer, and filling take place in a horizontal plane defined by the shafts of the two wheels. A blank is fed from a magazine 1 by a suction device 3 and rollers, and, if double bags are to be made, from a magazine 2 also, and are fed by rollers 10, 11, 12 in a horizontal plane to a position below the mandrel a at position I. The mandrel is one of a series on a wheel 15 which makes movements of intermittent rotation in a counter-clockwise direction, and carries the blank past known folding devices which form it into a bag by the time position II is reached. The bag is stripped from the mandrel and inserted in a mould 30 on a wheel 25 arranged in the same plane and at the same level as the wheel 15, and rotated in synchronism therewith. During its travel to the filling station at position IV the adhesive of the bag dries. The tobacco &c. is fed through a shoot 37 to a filling chamber 38 and is compressed in a pressure chamber 39. A plunger 40 thrusts the charge into a bag at station IV. Further rotation of the wheel carries the bag past closing, labelling and like devices. At station V it is ejected on to a transversely running conveyer belt.
Patent GB-1426130-A (GB)
Title: Food product and process
IPC: A23L27/24
Filed: 1974-05-24
Abstract: 1426130 Fermenting soya; anti-oxidant NESTLE SA 24 May 1974 [28 May 1973] 23309/74 Headings A2B and A2D A material rich in soya protein is, in subdivided form, fermented with a mould of the genus Rhizopus to form Tempa, the soya having a fat content of less than 2% by wt., and at least one fraction of the material is recovered. The soya material is preferably defatted soya flour or a textured soya protein and the fermentation is suitably effected in aqueous suspension containing not more than 15% of soya flour at a pH of 4-8 and a temperature of 20-40C. Anti-oxidant substances may be extracted from the fermented material, which may also be added to textured soy protein or dehydrated vegetable to improve its keeping properties.
Patent GB-986981-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicles
IPC: B60P1/18
Filed: 1962-06-18
Abstract: 986,981. Tipping vehicles. D. E. P. HAYWARD. (Anthony Co.). June 18, 1962, No. 23431/62. Heading B7B. A vehicle body 1 which is tipped by the ram 14 has on each side of the body a roller 8 which engages the road-wheel 5 to stabilize the body 1 during tipping. The body may be further stabilized by depending arms 31 (Fig. 6) which engage recesses 33 forming part of an axle assembly. The roller 8 is carried between plates 10 which are secured directly to transverse members 3 or are secured by bolt and slot connections to longitudinal plates secured to the members 3 to enable the position of the roller to be adjusted.
Patent GB-774479-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric storage batteries
IPC: H01M10/34
Filed: 1953-08-25
Abstract: 774,479. Batteries. ACCUMULATORENFABRIK AKT.-GES. Aug. 25, 1953 [Aug. 25. 1952], No. 23465/53. Class 53. A gas-tight sealed alkaline accumulator having electrodes of tubular, pocket or strip form is provided with an oxidizable metal member in. contact with the gas space and connected to the negative electrode, the electrolyte being absorbed in the separators and electrodes. The metal member may be of iron or nickel and may be constituted by the container of the negative active mass or by the inner surface of the accumulator casing. Specification 772,594 is referred to.