baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20020018410-A (KR)
Title: A coma coil fixing structure of deflection yoke
Inventor: CHA GYU SEON
IPC: H01J29/70
Filed: 2000-09-01
Abstract: PURPOSE: A coma coil fixing structure of a deflection yoke is provided to suppress movement of the coma coil by forming protrusions in an inserting member. CONSTITUTION: A coma coil(140) comprises a core(141) having its shape of an opened frame, a bobbin(142) having its shape of a rectangle for mounting the core inside, and a coil(143) wound many times around the bobbin(142). The coma coil(140) is arranged on a mounting part(130) at a sinking of a neck part(121) of a separator(120). The mounting part(130) includes an inserting member(131) that is proportional to the area of the coma coil(140). At both sides of the inserting member(131), protrusions(133a,133b) are formed to have horizontal tension. The inserting member(131) and the protrusions(133a,133b) function to prohibit the coma coil(140) from breaking away upward or backward.
Patent KR-20000072795-A (KR)
Inventor: RYOO YOUNG HO
IPC: G06Q30/06
Filed: 2000-09-27
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method and system for operating an online network digital photo shop site are provided to output an online network digital photo at a low cost in any place without a time and space limitation. CONSTITUTION: A user(2) visits an online network photo shop and takes a picture or provides a photo or film to a corresponding photo shop operator. The photo shop stores a personal photo file of the user(22) through a process by a scanner or a film recognition apparatus. If the user is not a registered member, the user information such as an identification, password, e-mail address name, ID number, and address and telephone is stored into the photo shop web server(12). If the user is the registered member, the user receives a member service provided from all online network photo shops.
Patent KR-20020027897-A (KR)
Title: Locker for a bonnet hood in a car
Inventor: KIM HO SUN
IPC: B62D25/10
Filed: 2000-10-06
Abstract: PURPOSE: A device for locking a bonnet hood is provided to prevent the exposure of a cable and a latch to the outside by extending a front part of a shroud panel for improving the appearance. CONSTITUTION: A device for locking a bonnet hood includes a locker(1) mounted to a shroud panel(2) for opening a bonnet hood, and a cable connected to the locker for releasing a latch(3) from a hook by a lever, wherein the latch mounted to the bonnet hood to be coupled with the hook is shielded by a front part(4) of the shroud panel extended downwardly with a predetermined distance from a front part of the locker and a center stay(5) is mounted to the entire surface of the latch.
Patent KR-20020030366-A (KR)
Title: Auto banding machine
Inventor: KIM SANG SU
IPC: G07F17/00
Filed: 2000-10-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: A picture sticker vending machine is provided to reduce the cost of manufacturing thereof by embodying a chroma-key system with an appropriate software instead of an expensive hardware. CONSTITUTION: The chroma key system consists of a camera(1-1) as an input device; a manipulation part(1-3); a monitor(1-2); a control part(1-4) for a manipulation appliance; a central processing part(1-5) for processing all kinds of data input from the control part, the manipulation part, the camera, and so on; an output device(1-7) for outputting the data from the central processing part into a printed picture or other results; and an internet connection part(1-6) connected with a main server.
Patent KR-20020030486-A (KR)
Title: Axial fan for a refrigerator
Inventor: JUNG YONG GYU
IPC: F04D29/38
Filed: 2000-10-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: An axial fan for refrigerator is provided to improve efficiency and reduce noise by optimally design a shape of a blade constituting the axial fan. CONSTITUTION: Five blades(120) are radially formed on a periphery of a hub(110). Ratio of a diameter(I) of the hub and an outer diameter(O) of an axial fan(100) is 28.4 +/- 1%. Ratio of width of the blades and the outer diameter of the axial fan is 27.8 +/- 1%. The outer diameter of the axial fan is 24.5 +/- 1mm. Maximum camber position is 0.65 to be evenly distributed from hub side positions of the blades to tip side positions of the blades, when leading edges of the blades are 0 and trailing edges of the blades are 1. When the hub side positions of the blades are 0, the tip side positions of the blades are 1, Maximum cambers are 5.0 +/- 0.5% on 0 positions, 6.0% on 0.375 positions and 7.5 +/- 0.5% on 1 positions to be curvedly distributed.
Patent KR-20010070155-A (KR)
Title: Redundancy operating system
Inventor: NAGAI SUSUMU
IPC: G06F12/16
Filed: 2000-10-20
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a redundant calculating system whose resolution calculation processing speed per one memory device is fast. CONSTITUTION: A fail memory 1 stores an address of a defective memory cell existing in a memory device (not illustrated) and a data bit (fail information). Also the memory device has plural row spare lines consisting of plural spare memory cells existing in the same row address and plural column spare lines consisting of spare memory cells existing in the same column. A fail search circuit 2 reads fail information of all defective cells and outputs it to arithmetic and logic units 7-1 to 7-n through FIFO memory 3-1 to 3-n. The arithmetic and logic units 7-1 to 7-n calculate a row spare line or a column spare line used for substitution of row or column, in which a defective memory cell exists, by different systems from addresses of all defective memory cells and addresses of all row and column spare lines.
Patent KR-20010000932-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM CHI HYEON
IPC: B21G3/00
Filed: 2000-10-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method and a device for supplying a nail of a gun nail producing machine are provided to promote workability without defects by supplying the nail in the opposite direction of the existing nail supplying direction. CONSTITUTION: In a gun nail producing machine, a nail(20) supply direction and a rotation direction of a nail alignment disc(12) are opposite to the existing ones. A slant chute(10) is placed on a right side and the nail alignment disc(12) is positioned on a left side of the slant chute. A slant groove(22) is inclined toward a right side as descending. A rotation direction of the nail alignment disc is rotated clockwise so that the nail exactly enters the slant groove by the guideline while moving by the rotational force of the disc. In this state, wire welding is accomplished by a welding roller(30). Thus, aligning and welding defects of the gun nail are decreased and productivity is improved.
Patent KR-20020033919-A (KR)
Inventor: YOON SEONG IL
IPC: H04B7/26
Filed: 2000-10-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A handoff method in an access channel preamble state is provided to carry out a handoff immediately when a new pilot that meets an idle handoff condition is found in an access channel preamble state in an access probe. CONSTITUTION: A mobile station starts an access probe(51), initiates an access channel preamble timer(52), and judges whether a new pilot meets an idle handoff condition(53). In case that the new channel meets the idle handoff condition, the mobile station judges whether it is an access channel preamble state in the access probe(54,55). If it is the access channel preamble state and a timer value is smaller than a PHTT(Preamble Handoff Time Threshold), the mobile station carries out an access probe handoff to the new pilot(56,57). In case that it is the access channel preamble state but the timer value is larger than the PHTT, the mobile station executes the handoff at the next access probe after waiting until the present access probe comes to an end(58,59).
Patent KR-20020008734-A (KR)
Title: System and method for interconnecting world wide web sites
Inventor: KUNG TIEN MEI
IPC: H04L29/08
Filed: 2000-10-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A world wide web site mutual access system and a method therefor are provided so that web site information can be displayed on a screen of a browser of an I/O interface, by linking the I/O interface to one of the web sites of the world wide web, and downloading the web site information. CONSTITUTION: An access-requested input interface(10) is connected to a client computer(2). A search engine control interface(110) is connected to the access-requested input interface(10). A web site code search module(11) includes a web site code search engine(111) and a web site code comparing engine(112). A web site code-TCP/IP address comparing database(12) is connected to the web site code search module(11). An access control module(13) is connected respectively to the access-requested input interface(10) and the web site code search module(11). An output control module(14) is connected respectively to the access control module(13) and the client computer(2). The access-requested input interface(10) is used to receive a web site code which a user inputs through the client computer(2). When the access-requested input interface(10) receives the web site code, the access control module(13) is enabled to receive a search result from the web site code search module(110) and a judgment result from the access-requested input interface(10).
Patent KR-20020046741-A (KR)
Title: Operating state display type relay
Inventor: PARK MYEONG SIK
IPC: H01H45/08
Filed: 2000-12-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: A relay for displaying operation state is provided to monitor a relay error accurately and promptly by connecting a display lamp for displaying a relay operation state with an S2 terminal of a relay coil and an L terminal of a relay junction point in a row. CONSTITUTION: An S1 and an S2 terminal of a relay coil(30) induce a current according to an input signal. A B+ and an L terminal of a relay junction point(40) which are switched by a principle of electromagnet in case the current is induced in the S1 and the S2 terminal operate a load. A display lamp(50) which is connected with the S2 terminal of the relay coil(30) and the L terminal of the relay junction point(40) in a row displays an operation state of a relay.
Patent KR-20020048024-A (KR)
Title: Method for between switching system and MMI/TMN agent interface
Inventor: HUH JI HUN
IPC: H04L12/24
Filed: 2000-12-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: A matching method between an exchange and an MMI/TMN agent is provided to match the exchange and MMI/TMN agent through the existing MMI matching unit by using standard input/output packets. CONSTITUTION: An MMI(Man Machine Interface)(50)/ a TMN(Telecommunication Management Network)(60) transmit a manager command/TMN command transmitted from a manager/network management center to an MMI matching unit(45) together with a standard MMI input packet and receive the standard MMI output packet including the result processed in an application block(43) by the MMI matching unit(45). The MMI matching unit(45) transmits the standard MMI output packet transmitted from the application block(43) to the MMI(50)/TMN agent(60).
Patent KR-20020050474-A (KR)
Title: method for forming contact hole semiconductor device
Inventor: KIM YEON SU
IPC: H01L21/28
Filed: 2000-12-21
Abstract: PURPOSE: A contact hole formation method of semiconductor devices is provided to improve a yield by entirely removing polymer residues. CONSTITUTION: An insulating layer(22) is formed on a semiconductor substrate(21). A contact region is defined by coating and patterning a photoresist layer on the insulating layer. A contact hole(24) is formed by selectively etching the insulating layer using the photoresist pattern as a mask. The inner sidewalls and the insulating layer are transferred to be hydrophilic by implanting phosphorus(P) ions. Polymer residues(25) are then removed by cleaning. The P ions are implanted by tilting.
Patent KR-20020050912-A (KR)
Title: Method for forming contact hole in semiconductor device
Inventor: RYU HYEON GYU
IPC: H01L21/28
Filed: 2000-12-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A contact hole formation method of semiconductor devices is provided to improve a stability of wiring and to simplify manufacturing processes by simultaneously removing a barrier metal and a hard mask. CONSTITUTION: An interlayer dielectric(12) is formed on a lower layer(11) of a semiconductor substrate. After forming a hard mask(13) on the interlayer dielectric, a contact hole is formed by selectively etching the hard mask and the interlayer dielectric. After forming a barrier metal(14) on the resultant structure, a conductive layer is sufficiently filled into the contact hole. A plug(15a) is formed and the exposed barrier metal(14) and the hard mask(13) are simultaneously removed by etch-back the conductive layer.
Patent KR-20020051206-A (KR)
Title: A reusing method of waste chloric acid by etching process as etching solution and aluminum polychloride coagulant
Inventor: JUN HUI DONG
IPC: C23F1/46
Filed: 2000-12-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for reusing a waste etching solution containing hydrochloric acid with an etching solution and a polyaluminum chloride water treatment coagulant is provided to reduce a cost required to the treatment of waste acid, to reuse waste material, to solve a problem of sludge reclamation. CONSTITUTION: The method for reusing a waste etching solution containing hydrochloric acid comprises: heating and dissolving aluminum in the waste etching solution such that the density of aluminum is 60 to 80g/l; dissolving the waste etching solution containing the aluminum and the hydrochloric acid generated from an etching process of an aluminum foil by controlling both flow rates of the metallic waste solution and the withdrawn acid in a range of 600 to 1000ml/m¬2hr; and adjusting a density of hydrochloric acid into 50 to 80g/l and a density of aluminum chloride into 60 to 80g/l.
Patent KR-20020051599-A (KR)
Title: Security Policy System and Method in Distributed Computing Environment
Inventor: KIM GEON U
IPC: H04L12/22
Filed: 2000-12-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A security policy system in a distributed computing environment and a method thereof are provided to consider flexibility and extensibility so as to be applied to various security techniques and to minimize a drop in the efficiency of a security management system by minimizing delay at a security policy enforcement step. CONSTITUTION: A security policy system is composed of kernel-level modules and application-level modules. The kernel-level modules consists of an SPDB(Security Policy DataBase)(101), an SPDB-API(102), a policy listener(106), and a policy adapter(103). The application-level modules comprises a policy request(107), a selDB(105), a selDB_APT(104), and a PEP(Policy Enforcement Point)(108). The SPDB(101) stores security policy information relevant to packet control for a firewall or a packet filtering module, including policy resources for key associated systems. The SPDB-API(102) loads the SPDB of a file system to the SPDB of a memory and covers input/output for it. The policy listener(106) requests a new policy negotiation or an SA(Security Association) negotiation or returns an EAM(Existence Assurance Message) to the kernel. If a new policy or a new SA is negotiated, the policy adapter(103) extracts relevant policy field values from the selDB(105) and maps the policy index, action, mode and transfer protocol values of the new SA to the selDB(105). The selDB(105) stores the fields used in the kernel, except for the fields used in the application, so that an unnecessary delay can be reduced and the efficiency of a security system can be increased.
Patent KR-20020051778-A (KR)
Title: A method for emission controlling of diesel engine in vehicle
Inventor: CHOI YEONG HO
IPC: F01N3/027
Filed: 2000-12-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for controlling exhaust gas of diesel engine for a vehicle is provided to improve a startup in cold weather and restrain the generation of exhaust gas by operating an air heater according to the temperature of a coolant and atmosphere on startup in low temperature and running of the vehicle. CONSTITUTION: A method for controlling exhaust gas of diesel engine includes steps of : initializing every using variable, setting up a pre-map of preheat according to the state of the temperature of the coolant and atmosphere and controlling the map(S100,S120,S130,S135); judging the satisfaction state of the engine operation condition(S110); and setting up a post-map of preheat according to the state of the temperature of the coolant and atmosphere and controlling the map(S150,S160,S165).
Patent KR-20020052286-A (KR)
Title: structure of clutch retainer
Inventor: CHO HYO GWAN
IPC: F16D13/52
Filed: 2000-12-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: Structure of a clutch retainer is provided to reduce shift shock by preventing bending deformation of a clutch plate and a clutch disk with supporting pressure of a clutch piston, and to prevent deformation of the clutch retainer by assembling a boss part and a drum part of the clutch retainer conveniently. CONSTITUTION: A clutch retainer(20) is composed of a boss part(20b) combined with an input shaft for interlocking; a drum part(20c) spline-combined with the boss part to contain a clutch plate(21) and a clutch disk(22); and a bent part(20d) bent radially in the inner periphery of the drum part to support the clutch plate. A snap ring(23) is mounted in the outer periphery of the boss part to prevent displacement of the drum part and the boss part. The clutch retainer is assembled conveniently with fixing the drum part by the snap ring. Deformation of the clutch plate and the clutch disk is prevented in pressing the clutch piston by forming the bent part in the drum part. Shift quality is improved with reducing shift shock by transmitting and shutting off power actively.
Patent KR-20010062722-A (KR)
Inventor: DOI MANABU
IPC: G01R31/26
Filed: 2000-12-27
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide an IC socket for a bare chip which enables efficient test of the bare chip at a low cost. CONSTITUTION: This IC socket for a bare chip is made up of a support block, a bump-forming film 20 mounted on an upper surface of the support block, and a lid plate for pressing/supporting the bare chip 40 on a surface of the film 20. The film 20 is provided, on its surface, with a bump area 25 mounted with a multiple bumps 22 abutting on electrode pads 41 of the chip 40, an external connection pad 23 provided on the edge part of the film and electrically connected to a contact of a burn-in socket, and a conductive pattern 24 for connecting the bumps 22 to the connection pad 23. A frame-like member 26 of an alignment means 27 for positioning the chip 40 engaging with outer edges of the chip 40 is provided around the bump area 25.
Patent KR-20020056151-A (KR)
Title: Fuel supply apparatus for fc
Inventor: HWANG YONG JUN
IPC: H01M8/04
Filed: 2000-12-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is a liquid fuel supply device in fuel cell, in which liquid fuel and water are mixed in predetermined concentration and the mixed liquid fuel is continuously supplied to stack. CONSTITUTION: The liquid fuel supply device in fuel cell(in the fuel cell, a mixture of liquid fuel and water(which is supplied to anode of stack(10)) and air(which is supplied to cathode of the stack) are electrochemically reacted to generate electromotive force) comprises a concentration controller for adjusting the concentration of fuel mixture of liquid fuel and water; and a buffer tank(60) which temporarily stores the fuel mixture(which is mixed at predetermined concentration in the concentration controller) so as to continuously feed the fuel mixture to the stack(10).
Patent KR-20020058607-A (KR)
Title: acetabular component designed to allow to know the anteversion by an simple AP film
Inventor: KIM JEE HYOUNG
IPC: A61B6/00
Filed: 2000-12-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: An acetabulum apparatus of an artificial total hip replacement capable of recognizing anteversion with a front view photo is provided to obtain anteversion of an acetabulum cup with a single simple front radiant ray photographing. CONSTITUTION: An acetabulum apparatus of an artificial total hip replacement capable of recognizing anteversion with a front view photo has a radiant ray mark at, in front of, or in rear of an acetabulum cup. The location and angle of the acetabulum cup are important to ensure range of patient's articulation movement and avoid dislocation after operation. The location and angle of the acetabulum cup are recognized with a simple front view radiant ray photographing without any simple side view radiant ray photographing. The radiant ray mark is arranged in front of or in rear of the acetabulum cup or a linear to facilitate recognition of anteversion with the front view photo or the rear view photo.
Patent KR-20010021574-A (KR)
IPC: A63F13/10
Filed: 1999-05-19
Abstract: 정보처리장치용의 데이터를 제공하는 동시에, 잘못된 전자기기의 접속이 행하여진 경우, 그것을 사용자에게 알릴 수 있고 올바른 접속을 할 수 있게 한다. 
     화상부 61은, 올바른 접속이 행하여진 경우에, 텔레비전 수상기 등의 표시장치에 표시된다.  데이터부 62는, 잘못된 전자기기의 접속이 행하여진 경우에, 화상표시장치의 화면상에 화상부 61과 함께 표시된다.  데이터부 62의 옵션 데이터 영역 62a는, 사용자에게 잘못된 접속이 실시되어 있음을 텔롭으로 알릴 수 있다.  기본 데이터 영역 62b에는, 정보처리장치가 다양한 처리를 행하기 위한 데이터가 기록되어 있다.  정보처리장치에서는, 이러한 화상부 61과 데이터부 62로 구성된 데이터가 입력되고, 올바른 접속이 행하여져 있는 경우에, 기본 데이터 영역 62b의 데이터에 따라서 화상부 61만을 화상표시장치에 표시하도록 입력된 데이터를 처리한다.
Patent KR-20010023435-A (KR)
Title: 단어 중심 스위치 및 비트 중심 스위치 양측에 데이터가제공되는 범용 스위치
IPC: H04Q11/04
Filed: 1998-08-10
Abstract: 본 발명은, 단어 중심 스위치 및 비트 중심 스위치가 접속되어, 타임 슬롯에 나타나는 데이터를 포함하는 공통 입력신호가 상기 양 스위치에 제공되는 범용 스위치에 관한 것이다. 범용 스위치는, 다수의 나가는 타임 슬롯 각각에 대해서, 단어 중심 스위치를 통하는 제1 접속 경로와 비트 중심 스위치를 통하는 제항속 경로중 적어도 하나를 설정하는 수단과, 각각의 나가는 타임 슬롯에 대해서, 상기 접속 경로들 중 설정된 하나로부터 데이터를 선택하는 수단을 더 포함하고 있다. 바람직하게는, 각각의 나가는 타임 슬롯에 대해서, 상기 접속 경로 중 하나만이 설정되고, 선택수단이 이 설정된 접속 경로로부터 데이터를 선택하는 것이다.
Patent KR-20010032499-A (KR)
Title: 노광방법 및 주사형 노광장치
IPC: G03F9/00
Filed: 1998-12-24
Abstract: 본 발명은, 액정표시장치 등을 제조할 때의 포토리소그래피 공정에서 사용되는 노광방법 및 주사형 노광장치에 관한 것으로, 특히, 프로세스중에서 변형이 발생한 기판을 노광하는데 적합한 노광방법 및 주사형 노광장치에 관한 것으로, 변형된 기판에 대하여 정확한 위치맞춤을 행할 수 있는 노광방법 및 주사형 노광장치를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.     패턴을 가진 마스크 (5) 와 플레이트 (4) 를 동기이동하여, 마스크 (5) 의 패턴을 플레이트 (4) 에 노광하는 주사형 노광장치에 있어서, 플레이트 (4) 의 형상의 변화를 검출하는 얼라인먼트 현미경 (1, 2) 과, 검출결과에 따라 동기이동 중에 마스크 (5) 와 플레이트 (4) 의 상대위치를 보정하는 제어장치 (13) 를 구비하도록 구성한다.
Patent KR-20010034037-A (KR)
IPC: A61K8/891
Filed: 1999-01-12
Abstract: The invention relates to a cosmetic mixture for the oxidation tinting of keratin fibers, especially human hair, comprising in a support material suitable for tinting keratin fibers (a) at least one laccase-type enzyme; (b) at least one particular conditioning agent for keratin fibers which is insoluble in aqueous media; and (c) at least one oxidation colorant. The invention also relates to the tinting methods using the above mixture.
Patent KR-20010034414-A (KR)
Title: 자기 임의 접근 메모리를 제조하는 방법
IPC: H01L27/22
Filed: 1999-12-13
Abstract: 자기 저항 임의 접근 메모리(MRAM)를 제조하기 위한 향상되고 새로운 방법이 제공된다. MRAM 장치는 메모리 소자 및 상기 메모리 소자를 관리하는 회로를 포함한다. 상기 회로는 트랜지스터(12a) 및 디지트 라인(29) 등을 포함하는데, 이것들은 기판(11) 상에 집적된다. 우선 상기 회로가 CMOS 공정 하에서 제조되고, 그 다음 자기 메모리 소자(53, 54)가 제조된다. 유전체 층(40, 41)이 상기 회로 위에 증착되고, 홈(42, 43)이 상기 유전체 층 내에 형성된다. 자기 층(48, 49) 및 상기 자기 층 사이에 끼어 있는 비-자기 층(50)을 포함하는 블랭킷 층(46)은 유전체 층(41) 위와 홈 내부에 증착된다. 그 후, 상기 홈 외부에 있는 블랭킷 층이 제거되고 MRAM 소자(53, 54)가 홈 내부에 형성된다.
Patent KR-20010041359-A (KR)
Title: 통제된 기체 수준을 가진 공정 액체를 사용하는 전자부품습식 처리방법
IPC: B08B3/12
Filed: 1999-02-23
Abstract: 본 발명은 통제된 기체 수준(즉, 양)을 갖는 공정 액체를 사용하는 전자부품습식 처리 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 습식 처리 과정 동안 사용된 최소한 두 개의 공정 액체들이 다른 기체 수준을 포함하는 습식 처리 방법들을 제공한다. 음파 에너지는 결과들을 강화하기 위해서 습식 처리 과정의 하나 혹은 그 이상의 습식 공정 단계들에서 선택적으로 사용될 수 있다. 본 발명에 의한 습식 처리 방법은 습식 처리 과정 동안 발생하는 입자오염을 감소시키고, 세정을 개선시킨다.
Patent KR-20010042179-A (KR)
Title: 파이프형 볼펜 팁의 제조방법
IPC: B43K1/08
Filed: 2000-02-16
Abstract: 절삭가공에 의해, 볼시트 뿐 아니라 잉크구멍(40)의 치수까지도 일정하게 한 파이프형 볼펜 팁(10)의 제조방법을 제공한다.   파이프 강재(11)의 내벽을, 잉크구멍의 마무리 지름(D1)으로 절삭하여, 파이프 강재(11)의 오차에 의한 들쭉날쭉을 해소한다.   그 다음 채널(50)을 천공하여, 잉크구멍(40)을 상기 마무리 지름(D1)보다 약간 작은 지름(D2)의 드릴로 절삭한다.   이로써, 채널(50)의 천공에 의해 생긴 깔쭉갈쭉함(51)을 제거한다.