baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-225608-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in resistors for electric heating
IPC: H05B3/14
Filed: 1923-08-31
Abstract: 225,608. Morgan Crucible Co., Ltd., and Spiers, C. W. Aug. 31, 1923. Resistanee grids; resistance materials.-A resistor for electric heating comprises a solid, coherent ceramic body in which the conducting portion is obtained by the addition of powdered carbon, the conducting portion being entirely surrounded by ceramic material. In the form shown in Fig. 3, a conducting layer which may be formed by mixing flaked graphite with clay is placed upon a thin layer of clay, and interrupted concentric grooves c are made in the conducting layer to form a circuit. The grooves having been filled with clay, a layer of clay is then placed upon the conductor and the whole firmly pressed together. Circular conducting blocks f are worked on to the extreme ends of the conducting circuit and metal terminals g screwed into holes drilled therein. The edge of the element is covered with a layer e of clay. When the resistor is intended for high temperatures, the terminals, which may be water-cooled or provided with gills, are mounted upon graphite rods g', Fig. 5, screwed into raised portions f<1> worked upon the conductor. The portions f<1> have a higher conductivity than the latter, and the rods g<1> are protected by a glazed insulating tube h. The conductor may be made up in layers, each layer being separated from the next by an insulating layer of clay. A clay vessel may be moulded on or around the resistor.
Patent GB-423744-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to band conveyors
IPC: B65G47/76
Filed: 1933-08-08
Abstract: 423,744. Endless-belt conveyers. CADMAN, H. W., 292, Avery Hill Road, Eltham, and SOVEX, Ltd., Union Works, Bear Gardens, Southwark, both in London. Aug. 8, 1933, No. 22107. [Class 78 (i)] [See also Group XVI] A plough deflector for a band, belt, and like conveyer is adapted to depress the band b along the length of the plough l below the general-level of the band, a slot m being provided in the bottom c of the trough a below the band to permit said depression. The plough consists of a framework f carrying a plurality of slidable rods g to the bottom ends of which is welded &c., a bar h furnished with a bent scraper blade k which may be guided on the frame f. Springs n bear upward on collars o on the rods g. The trough a is gapped at e to allow of the discharge, and the slot m may have downturned edges p. The plough may be pivoted at r for swinging out of effective position into the gap e, and its free end is then carried by a roller s running on an arc t. The swinging power is applied through a universally-mounted rod x, operated by a cam u on a shaft v, engaging a crankarm y on a rocker-shaft z. The shaft z carries levers 2 which bear on the tops of the rods g normally to keep the bar h pressed down, but which lift, when the rod x is pushed, to allow the bar h to rise under the action of the springs n and to clear the band b during the swing. To prevent accidental fall of the bar h a pivoted loaded latch 3 drops into a slot 4 on the shaft z and retains the levers 2 in their elevated position. A ramp 6 on the arc t puts the latch 3 out of action when the plough is in the vicinity of the slot m, and a stop 7 on the arc t registers the plough over the slot.
Patent GB-517385-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in carburettors for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M1/00
Filed: 1938-07-26
Abstract: 517,385. Spray carburetters. DANIELSEN, E. July 26, 1938, No. 22143. [Class 7 (iii)] Air drawn past a hand-controlled throttle valve 15 and a bush or contraction 5 is deflected downwards by a projection 31 towards a fuel nozzle 9 arranged in a lateral air passage 7, a sharp trailing edge 10 on the bush_5 producing eddies in the airflow to atomise the fuel. The carburetter employs two fuels supplied selectively from separate float chambers through a cock 27. To facilitate acceleration, the throttle valve 16 is connected through a rod 19 and springs 20, 21 to an air flap 18 responsive to suction, an opening of the throttle closing the flap partly until increased suction re-opens it. Passages 23, 24 leading from the passage 7 supply mixture for -idling and 'light loads respectively and may be valve controlled in association with the throttle valve. A single passage may replace the two passages.
Patent GB-1501515-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of photographic materials
IPC: B01F3/12
Filed: 1975-05-22
Abstract: 1501515 Static mixers AGFA - GEVAERT AG 22 May 1975 [6 July 1974] 22176/75 Heading B1C [Also in Divisions G2 and G3] In an apparatus for the continuous production of photographic materials molten emulsion (from a heating vessel having a heating grid to control the rate of melting of solid emulsion) is passed through a mixing stage that comprises a tubular body having inlets arranged successively in the direction of flow; the inlets communicate through metering pumps with supply vessels for individual photochemical additives, a respective mixing zone without any moving parts being arranged between consecutive inlets. As shown molten emulsion flows through inlet 31 and is pumped by pump 32 into mixing zones 35. Additives 9 1  to 9 7  are introduced by metering pumps 13. Throughput is maintained constant by a sensor (not shown). Each mixing zone 35 comprises two tubes containing a helix 36 whose diameter is equal to the internal diameter of the tube and having load to diameter ratio 2:1. The inlets 34 are tangential tubes or can be sprinklers.
Patent GB-1175078-A (GB)
Title: Valve Device for Air-Raid Shelters
Inventor: RICKENBACH HUGO
IPC: F16K17/04
Filed: 1967-05-12
Abstract: 1,175,078. Valves. H. RICKENBACH. 12 May, 1967 [23 May, 1966; 13 March, 1967], No. 22261/67. Heading F2V. [Also in Divisions B1 and F4] A valve adapted to be installed in the ventilation shaft of an air-raid shelter comprises closure members 9, 10 mounted on a common rod 8 and biased by springs 14, 14 to the positions shown in which they are disengaged from respective seats 15, 16. The rod 8 is guided by ball bearings 12 and the closure members move to the left or right respectively in response to high pressure or suction waves at the inlet 3. The air passes to the shelter via annular filter 25, the annular space between the outer surface of the latter and contact filter 20 and duct 4. Filter 25 is a pressfit on part 27 of cover-plate 26, the latter being secured to wall 35 of filter 20 by bayonet bolts 24 which co-operate with sockets 23 on wall 35. Springs 32 urge the plate 26 rightwards to compress seals 29, 31. Each closure member consists of a thin dome reinforced by a backing plate 38 the central portion of which surrounds a rubber bush 39. A bolt 40 secures the closure member to the rod 8 through the bush.
Patent GB-730858-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in bellows and bellows components
IPC: F16J3/04
Filed: 1951-09-24
Abstract: 730,858. Piston packing. PETERS, M. F. Sept. 24, 1951 [March 17, 1951], No. 22262/51. Class 122 (1). A component for a bellows comprises two or more membranes superposed in surface contact throughout and secured together, in which at least one membrane is continuous so as to form a fluid-tight seal and at least another membrane, supporting the continuous membrane is formed as a single membrane divided into parts adapted to move relatively to each other on change of stress to which the component is subjected. A continuous annular membrane 7 is interposed between annular membranes 1, 2, 3, 4 lap jointed at 1<SP>11</SP>, 2<SP>11</SP>, 3<SP>11</SP>, 4<SP>11</SP> respectively, each membrane being joined at its outer and inner periphery to rings 5, 6, respectively, to form the bellows component. The rings 5, 6 may be common to adjacent single membrane components whereby the bellows is built up. Components subjected to pressure on the convex side are stiffer and/or thicker than components subjected to pressure on the concave side and have a larger number of membranes. Specifications 722,019, [Group XXII], and 730,950 are referred to.
Patent GB-533217-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to mincing machines of the worm type
IPC: B02C18/30
Filed: 1939-08-01
Abstract: 533,217. Mincing-machines. DUNLOP, S. (Meissner & Co., N.). Aug. 1, 1939, No. 22284. [Class 28 (ii)] The casing of a mincing-machine is modified in the following manner in order to ensure an easy and uniform flow of the meat or other material through the machine without mashing. The material as it passes from the hopper 1, the parallel walls 2, 3 of which are preferably disposed at an angle as shown in Fig. 2, is guided downwardly and tangentially in relation to the periphery of the worm by an inclined flange 5 which slopes both longitudinally and transversely as shown. The interior of the casing 4 is enlarged at 8, Fig. 1, to facilitate the movement of the entering material to the underside of the worm. The co-operating threads on the inner wall of the casing 4 commence in the bottom of the hopper 1 so as to impart a helical movement to the material before it encounters the worm. The cutters are mounted in an enlarged part of the casing.
Patent GB-1398358-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus permitting the use of sands of inferior  quality for expanding clay or shale granules
IPC: C04B20/06
Filed: 1973-05-10
Abstract: 1398358 Expanding clay or shale HOUILLERES DU BASSIN DU NORD ET DU PASDE-CALAIS 10 May 1973 [25 May 1972] 22369/73 Heading C1A Silico-alumino calcareous granules (e.g. clay or shale) are expanded using sand to prevent binding, in a rotary furnace arranged so that the sand is injected into the expansion zone, and fitted with blowing and scraping devices near the inlet. The sand used may have a lower SiO 2  content than foundry sand and may be capable of expansion. Dune sand and ferruginous quarry sand are usually suitable. A small proportion of foundry sand may also be necessary. An excess of sand may be used so that a semi-light purified sand is obtained. The apparatus may be a rotary furnace having a plurality of pipes for injecting the sand, a means of blowing high pressure air against the inlet flange and a shaped water-cooled scraper near the inlet.
Patent GB-387670-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the moulding of articles of, or containing, rubber, guttapercha, or similar orgame substances
IPC: B29C33/02
Filed: 1931-08-07
Abstract: A method of producing moulded articles, e.g. surgeons' gloves, of or containing rubber &c. and provided with a standard surface finish ranging from a smooth mat to a coarse granular texture as desired, comprises applying as a coating to formers, moulds, or moulding surfaces the particular type of flocculent or granular precipitate desired obtained from aqueous dispersions of the kinds hereinafter specified, drying the coatings thereon and contacting the thus produced master former &c. with aqueous emulsions or dispersions of the kinds hereinafter specified or solutions of these substances in organic solvents by one or more of such operations as dipping, spreading, spraying, moulding, or electrophoresis.  The granular precipitates may be applied by spreading, dipping, or spraying.  The articles may be vulcanized before removal from the master formers &c. The kinds of aqueous dispersions or emulsions referred to are those consisting of or containing rubber, guttapercha, balata, or similar vegetable resins occurring naturally or artificially obtained.  The dispersions or emulsions may be in concentrated form and concentrates such as are obtained according to Specifications 219,635 and 290,313, [both in Class 70, Indiarubber &c.], may be used.  Compounding ingredients may be added.  The surface of the articles may also be provided with grained, wrinkled, or corrugated effects by providing a former &c. with the effects, e.g. by the process according to Specification 363,660, and then applying the coating of the granular precipitate.  The master formers &c. may be used for the production of, e.g. clay, plaster of Paris, or metallic reproductions for use in the process.  The flocculent or granular precipitates may be produced from the hereinbefore specified dispersions and emulsions by the process described in Specification 350,450 or from rubber latex by effecting the coagulation in the presence of a relatively large proportion of water and preferably in the presence of an amount of colloidal substance found to have a restraining effect upon the coagulation.  Suitable coagulants are acetic acid, sodium silicofluoride, aluminium chloride, potash alum, barium chloride, zinc acetate, zinc sulphate, magnesium acetate, magnesium sulphate, ferrous sulphate, ferric sulphate, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid.  Suitable colloidal substances are casein, glue, gum acacia and sodium aluminate. Specifications 373,262 and 389,531 also are referred to.
Patent GB-907030-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of microbial insecticide
IPC: C12P1/04
Filed: 1959-06-30
Abstract: Microbial insecticides are produced by cultivating a spore-forming bacillus which developes an asporal or crystalline body containing an insect pathogen in an aqueous nutrient medium under submerged aerobic conditions, the assimilable carbohydrate and nitrogen contents of the medium being such that the carbohydrate and nitrogen are exhausted within not more than 6 hours of each other after the commencement of sporulation.  It is preferred that they be exhausted at approximately the same time after the commencement of sporulation.  Typical aqueous media contain 0.6 to 2, and preferably 1.4 to 1.9% of molasses especially beet molasses, 0.5 to 1.9 and preferably 0.8 to 1.7% of corn steep solids, up to 2 and preferably 1 to 1.5% of oil free cereal meal or flour and a buffer, e.g. 0.1% calcium carbonate. The medium is initially adjusted to a pH of 7.2 to 7.6. Cultivation is at 30 DEG  C. and proceeds for 14 to 32 hours.  The spores and crystals are then separated from the culture broth by filtration with a filter aid or by centrifugation, the operation being carried out as quickly as possible, the product then being dried in vacuo at 40 DEG  to 50 DEG  C.  Specified bacilli are Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus sotto and Bacillus entomocides var. entomocides.
Patent GB-1024304-A (GB)
Title: Container tumbling apparatus
IPC: B01F9/00
Filed: 1961-06-21
Abstract: 1,024,304. Mixing machines. PRESSOTURN Ltd. April 12, 1962 [June 21, 1961], No. 22450/61. Heading B1C. An apparatus for tumbling a container to blend its contents comprises a container receiving cage mounted for rotation about an axis non-parallel to the walls of the container; as shown, the container is a rectangular parallelopiped and the axis is a diagonal from an upper corner to the opposite lower corner, but the container may be cylindrical, or of prismatic form with three, four or more rectangular side walls. Fig. 4 shows the mixing position in which the cage 1 has a cubical container 2 mounted therein and is rotated by a motor and reduction gear 11, 12 about trunnions 5 in a cradle 6. The cradle is pivoted at 7 and rests on a support 17; it may be rocked by a hydraulic or pneumatic ram 14, 16 into the position of Fig. 1 in which the container may be loaded into or unloaded from the cage as by a fork life truck. The cage has a top 1a hinged at 3 and retained by a latch 18. In another embodiment (Figs. 5 and 6, not shown) the cage lid and clamp are also operated by a ram and the container is supported by resilient pads.
Patent GB-858624-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in nuclear fuel elements
IPC: G21C3/36
Filed: 1959-06-30
Abstract: 858,624. Nuclear fuel elements. BABCOCK & WILCOX CO. June 30, 1959 [June 30, 1958(2)], No. 22496/59. Class 39(4). A nuclear fuel element including a pair of spaced side plates having opposed faces formed with grooves into which fit fuel plates extending between the side plates, is characterized in that the edges of the fuel plates are secured in the grooves of the side plates by mechanical coupling means. In one arrangement, Fig. 2, the side plates 12, 14 are formed with a plurality of slots 22 so that parts of the edges 20 of the fuel plates 18 are exposed; these parts are deformed to secure the fuel plates and side plates together. As an alternative the side plates in the vicinity of the exposed parts are peened or otherwise deformed to bear against the fuel plates. In another arrangement, Fig. 6, holes are drilled through the side plates and fuel plates and securing pins 32 passed through the holes.
Patent GB-589560-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for processing photographic strip material
IPC: G03D5/06
Filed: 1944-11-15
Abstract: 589,560. Photographic processing apparatus. KODAK, Ltd. Nov. 15, 1944, No. 22598. Convention date, Nov. 30, 1943. [Class 98 (ii)] Strip processing apparatus comprises a compartment in which the strip is held flat against the bottom and is wiped by a sponge block oscillated, e.g. by a cam, to apply fluid evenly to the strip material by a longitudinal stroking movement. The apparatus may consist of a box with a hinged lid 3, Fig. 3, containing a light-tight film supply compartment 9, two processing compartments 13, 18 and a take-up' compartment 25. Compartment 9 has a light sealing slide 11 and bearings 12 for a film roll 10. The film S, preferably fitted with a leader strip to allow daylight threading, is fed through a light-sealed opening 14 into compartment 13 under a roller 16 and then in, contact with the bottom 4, beneath the developer applicator 26 to a roller 17, whence it passes over a roller 19 into the fixing compartment 18 which is of identical construction, and thence past a squeegee 23 and over a roller 22 to a take-up spool 24. The rollers 16, 17, 20, 21 are supported on shafts carried by the box walls ; roller 20 is geared to a driven shaft carrying a one-way crank handle and the other rollers, as also the take-up spool 24, are chain-driven from the rollers 20, 16 and 20 turning anticlockwise and 17 and 21 clockwise. The liquid applicators 26 consist of sponge material, such as rubber 27 attached to a fibre plate 28 and overhanging top plate 29, and are rocked and oscillated by cams 30, 34 on spindles which are chain-driven from the roller 20. The space between the rollers 16, 17 and 20, 21 in each compartment is rendered fluid-tight by causing the rollers to turn in stainless. steel cups in recesses in the side walls 2 and to press the film against the bottom of the compartment. Surplus liquid carried over to the take-up compartment 25 is absorbed by a sponge pad 73.
Patent GB-1476846-A (GB)
Title: Rotary internal-combustion engine
IPC: F02B53/06
Filed: 1975-05-23
Abstract: 1476846 Rotary positive-displacement fluidmachines FORD MOTOR CO Ltd 23 May 1975 [6 June 1974] 22610/75 Heading F1F In a Wankel-type I.C. engine a non-return valve assembly is lodged in the inlet port for the working fluid and includes reed valves 58 made of e.g. stainless steel, and mounted in a cage 57, deflection of the valves being limited by stops 62. In another embodiment, Fig. 10, cage parts 70 lie close to the profile of the inner circumferential wall 69 of the stator and thus in combination with the passing apex seals of the rotor effect labyrinth sealing, and thereby minimize dilution of the incoming gases with exhaust gases in the adjacent combustion chamber.
Patent GB-1293426-A (GB)
Title: Anti-friction bearing component manufacture
IPC: C21D8/00
Filed: 1970-05-11
Abstract: 1293426 Making bearing components; working at specified temperatures FORD MOTOR CO Ltd 11 May 1970 [9 June 1969] 22622/70 Headings B3A and B3V [Also in Division C7] A bearing component for an anti-friction bearing is made by forging a SAE 52100 steel blank and heat-treating the forged blank. A steel disc is austenitized at 2000 F. and forged at this temperature by back extrusion to form an inner or outer race blank or a bearing ball blank followed by air cooling to provide a pearlitic structure. The component is next spheroidized at 1200-1500 F., e.g. 1395 F., for 2 hours, to form carbides less than one micron diameter, after which it is machined and hardened by heating at 1525-1600 F. for 1 hour to form austenite and undissolved carbides and by quenching in oil. The component is finally tempered at 300-400 F. to produce a hardness of 60-64 Re.
Patent GB-662600-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for the photographic reproduction of documents by artificial light
IPC: G03B27/54
Filed: 1949-08-31
Abstract: 662,600. Photographic copying apparatus. DODIN, L. J. E. A. Aug. 31, 1949 [Sept. 20, 1948], No. 22637/49. Class 98 (i). The apparatus comprises a light chamber 6 having at one end a photographic camera 8 for photographing a document 10 framed by an aperture B, B<SP>1</SP>at the outer end of the apparatus and two lamps 12, 12<SP>1</SP> positioned outside the chamber 6 and passing light through apertures 13, 13<SP>1</SP> on to plane mirrors 14, 141 respectively which direct the light on to the document 10 at such an angle that only light diffusely reflected from the document can reach the camera. The lamps may have reflectors 18, 18<SP>1</SP> and be enclosed in a ventilated housing 3. The internal surfaces of the chamber 6 may be blackened and the edges of the apertures 13, 13<SP>1</SP> may be turned outwards as at 15, 15<SP>1</SP> to prevent stray reflections. Direct reflection of light rays from the document into the camera lens 0 is prevented by the mirrors 14, 14<SP>1</SP> being so inclined that the virtual images L, L<SP>1</SP> of the lamps 12<SP>1</SP>, 12 lie outside a dihedron, the two planes of which pass through opposed edges of the aperture B, B<SP>1</SP> and meet in a line normal to the optical axis 0, C of the lens 0 and at a distance from the document 10 equal to the distance O, C.
Patent GB-406017-A (GB)
Title: Arc rectifiers
IPC: H01J13/48
Filed: 1932-08-12
Abstract: 406,017. Arc rectifiers. SIEMENSSCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. Aug. 12, 1932, No. 22657. Convention date, Sept. 19, 1931. [Class 39 (i).] Back-ignition is prevented by the provision within the arc to each anode of a blocking space which is closed at each end by a group of grids, the grids in each group extending to the boundary surface of the anode sleeve or arm or of the rectifier vessel, and being so arranged that straight lines parallel to the axis of the discharge path cannot pass through them. The grids may be formed of flat, cylindrical, spherical, oblique, curved or bent surfaces in louvre arrangement. A mercury arc rectifier is provided with a blocking space 7, Fig. 1, which is closed at each end by grids 4, 5 connected to a potentiometer 12 to subdivide the potential between the anode and cathode into approximately equal steps. In a modification, a gas-filled valve is provided with a hot cathode 17, Fig. 5, and blocking spaces formed by grids 19-22 which consist of perforated surfaces provided with wires 23. Further arrangements of grids are shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. The shortest distance a between adjacent groups of grids and between the anode and the group nearest thereto is less than the depth, preferably less than one fifth of the depth, of the cathode dark space and less than the diameter d of the path of the discharge. The orifices in the outer lying grids are small compared with the distance between adjacent groups, and the width b of the channels in the grid is equal to or less than the distance between adjacent groups. To facilitate ignition, a battery may be used as shown in Fig. 2 to create a comparatively small difference of potential between the grids of a group. The overlap between the members of adjacent grids may be increased at the edges as shown in Fig. 4 to arrest ions which are not moving in a path parallel to that of the discharge. The cross-sectional area of the channels through the grids is equal to about the square of b, and the width b of the channels is less than the distance a. A relationship between a and b is given in the Specification. The grids may be used for controlling the arc.