Patent GB-190526713-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Controlling Electric Current Distributing Systems.
Inventor: ROUTIN JOSEPH LOUIS
Filed: 1905-12-21
Granted: 1906-08-16
Abstract: 26,713. Routin, J. L. Dec. 21. Dynamos, regulating; dynamos, synchronizing; motors, controlling.-Relates to apparatus for maintaining constant or varying in accordance with the load on the mains the speed and voltage of electric generators, and comprises two dynamometric regulators, one of which is in combination with a tachometrical governor for controlling the primemover and the other with a voltmetric governor for controlling the resistance in the field circuit, the apparatus being an improvement upon that described in Specification No. 18,185, A.D. 1904. In the application of the apparatus to a three-phase alternating-current generator 1, the fixed coils 8, 9 are connected in series with the secondary of a transformer 6, the primary of which is connected in one of the mains. Movable coils 10, 13, in series with variable resistances 11, 14 and fixed coils 12, 15, respectively, are connected across one of the threephase windings of the secondary of a potential transformer 7. Movable coils 16, 20 in series with fixed coils 18, 19, respectively, are connected in parallel across two of the phase windings of the transformer 7. The intermediate fixed coils 12, 15, 18 are provided for the purpose of neutralizing the effects of mutual induction between the fixed coils 8, 9 and the movable coils 10, 13, 16, which are mechanically connected to the levers 21,23, mounted on pivots 22, 24. Under normal conditions, the force on the movable coil 10 is balanced by the tension of the spring 25. Should the load on the mains decrease, the coil 10 rises, causing the contact-spring 34 to engage with the fixed contact 32 and complete the circuit of the electro-magnet 30, which operates the switch 29 to complete the circuit of the motor 27, the field 28 of which is continuously excited. The motor, which is connected to the drum a through worm-gearing, rotates in such a direction as to decrease the tension of the spring 25, the end of which is coiled round the drum, and thus allow the lever 21 to be moved back into its normal position, in which the circuit of the electro magnet 30 is broken, the switch 29 being returned by a spring to its 'off' position, in which the armature of the motor 27 is short circuited, or a mechanical brake may be operated to stop the motor. The tension of the spring 49, which acts on the lever 48 of the tachometrical governor 47, is also dimished. The rod 50 regulates the admission of motor fluid to the engine which drives the generator. To ensure a quick break at the contacts 32, 33, when the lever 21 is moved into its normal position, the contact-spring 34 is provided with an armature 36, which is acted on by electro-magnets 37, 38, projections 39, 40 on the lever 21 engaging with the end of the spring blade 34 when the lever is rocked. To prevent over-regulation, due partly to the inertia of the motor &c. and partly to the auxiliary electromagnets 37, 38 used to obtain a quick break, armatures 40, 41 are provided, fixed to springs 42, 43 which bear on rods 44, 45 fixed to the lever 21. The switch 55, which controls the motor 53 for controlling the resistance 5 in the excitation circuit 2, is operated in a manner exactly analogous to that by which the switch 29 is operated. The lever 23 is acted upon by the tension spring 51, and by forces acting upon the movable coils 13, 16, 20, which are, respectively, proportional to the load on the mains, the power factor, and the voltage of the mains. By means of the rheostat 56, which is connected in parallel with the coil 9, the degree of overcompounding of the generator 1 may be regulated, the resistances 14, 17 being adjustable. In parallel with the resistances 57, 58, which serve to control the starting-current of the motors 27, 53, are connected lamps 59, 60, which serve to indicate the manner in which the apparatus is working. To prevent damage in case of overload or of irregular working, auxiliary switches 61, 62 and 63, 64 are replaced in the relay circuits and controlled by the rotation of the motors 27, 53. In place of the continuous-current motors 27, 53, threephase motors may be used, but in this case mechanical brakes are necessary to obtain dead-beat working. If several alternators are connected in parallel, they are maintained in synchronism by operating all the dynamometrical regulators with current from a single transformer, the primary of which is traversed by the total current.