baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-127454-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with Miners' Flame Safety Lamps.
Inventor: GALVIN FREDERICK
IPC: F21L23/00
Filed: 1918-08-01
Abstract: 127,454. Galvin, F. Aug. 1, 1918. Miners' safety lamps.-In miners' safety lamps of the type in which a bracket having an aperture forming a filling spout is secured to the reservoir, the bracket a is formed with extended side walls d passing through the wall of the reservoir c and covered with very fine wire-gauze to act as a strainer. A locking-plate b, formed with a projection j and pivoted to the bracket, can be secured in position by a sealed bolt passing through holes i so as to close the filling aperture c and to permit only the small amount of movement of the reservoir required for flameadjustment. The bracket may be sweated, brazed, or otherwise secured to the reservoir.
Patent GB-167552-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sparking plugs
IPC: H01T13/12
Filed: 1920-05-06
Abstract: 167,552. Marshall, W. R. May 6, 1920. Sparking plugs. - Relative movement between the central electrode c and an internally screwed cap D is prevented by closing portions of the cap into longitudinal and annular recesses A<2>, A<1> in the insulator. To promote gas-tightness, an asbestos washer E may be inserted.
Patent GB-1012123-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L27/08
Filed: 1962-04-02
Abstract: 1,012,123. Semi-conductor devices. CLEVITE CORPORATION. April 2, 1962 [May 18, 1961], No. 12637/62. Heading H1K. In a bipolar semi-conductor device comprising at least one PN junction at least one of the regions forming the junction includes a plurality of small regularly spaced regions with a higher uncompensated impurity concentration adjacent the junction which determine its breakdown voltage. APNPN diode switch with a centre junction of this form is made from an N + wafer by acceptor diffusion into one face to form a P layer, with a further acceptor diffusion through a mask forming the heavily doped regions. An N-type layer is epitaxially deposited over the P layer and a second P layer formed on it by diffusion or epitaxial deposition. The first P layer may alternatively be epitaxially deposited. In another method a heavily doped layer is formed over the entire P layer and is then reduced to separate islands by etching. The N and second P layers are then formed by diffusion. In yet another method the starting wafer is P type and its surface is made P + by boron diffusion. The P + layer is etched away to leave islands on one face of the wafer which are then extended by heat treatment. Finally N layers are formed on both faces by diffusion and a P + layer formed over one of these layers by diffusion.
Patent GB-628165-A (GB)
Title: Process of preparing ccif
IPC: C07C17/37
Filed: 1947-05-09
Abstract: Chlorotrifluoromethane is prepared by passing dichlorodifluoromethane and/or trichlorofluoromethane, containing not more than 0.001 per cent by weight of water, in the vapour phase through an anhydrous aluminium chloride or bromide catalyst, maintained at 100 DEG  to 175 DEG  C., at a rate of from 0.1 pound to 2.5 pounds of the chlorofluoromethane per pound of catalyst per hour and then separating chlorotrifluoromethane from the gaseous reaction products. The reaction is one of disproportionation, carbon tetrachloride also being formed.  The catalyst, which may be a mixture of the two halides, should be in the form of coarse particles and may be supported on an inert carrier such as silica or alumina gel or steel Raschig rings.  The reaction may be carried out at from 5 to 150 pounds per square inch absolute pressure.  A glass, copper, steel or similar inert reactor may be used.  If desired, two reactors may be employed in series, the second operated at a higher temperature and feed rate.  The products are normally passed through a soda-lime tower to remove hydrogen chloride, treated with a drying agent to remove moisture and then subjected to fractional distillation or condensation. The unchanged reactant and any intermediate products may be recycled.  Examples illustrate the continuous treatment of dichlorodifluoromethane.  U.S.A. Specification 1,994,035 is referred to.
Patent GB-433973-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to asbestos cement sheets, tiles and the like
IPC: C04B41/70
Filed: 1934-04-27
Abstract: A process for treating asbestos-cement sheets, tiles, and the like to produce a hard glossy surface which will not effloresce, comprises first treating the surface with one or more oxides, hydroxides or insoluble salts of zinc, calcium and magnesium and then either with an alkaline silicate and a chloride solution or with one or more solutions of a chloride, sulphate, or phosphate that will react to yield the corresponding oxychloride, oxysulphate, or oxyphosphate. In an example, a base mixture of 5 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of titanium white, 1 1/2 parts of silica and 20 parts of water is applied to moist asbestos-cement sheet and smoothed; a second layer of 1 part of soap, 2 parts of zinc oxide and 320 parts of water is then applied and the surface is brought to a gloss by hot irons; when the cement has set hard, the surface is treated with a solution of silicate of soda or potash and the sheet is dried and stored at about 300 DEG  F.; it is next treated with a solution of zinc chloride of 20-30 DEG  Twaddle and dried again.  In another example, the base mixture consists mainly of magnesia, and the surface, after being treated with a soap mixture containing magnesia, is treated with zinc chloride solution of 25 DEG  Twaddle.  Other examples are given. Specification 389,639 is referred to.
Patent GB-514279-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lighting fittings
IPC: F21V7/04
Filed: 1938-04-29
Abstract: 514,279. Street lamp reflectors, BIGGLESTON, H., LEGGETT, J. J., and BIGGLESTON, D. H. [trading as ELECTRIC STREET LIGHTING APPARATUS CO.], and WILMAN, D. April 29, 1938, No. 12886. [Class 75 (ii)] A street lighting fitting comprises one or a pair of reflectors 4 on one or on opposite sides of a support 1, the or each' reflector comprising, on either side of a section 7, two concave sections 5 and 6 having foci coincident with the light source and axes at an angle apart of about 15 degrees along which light is mainly directed downwardly and outwardly. The sections may be relatively adjustable to vary the divergence of the axes and the reflectors themselves integral with or adjustably mounted on the support. A V-shaped reflector 8 directs light laterally of the street. The reflectors may be formed from separate flat or curved facets cemented to the fitting. Specifications 228,294, [Class 75 (ii)], 369,230, 426,069 and 449,758 are referred to.
Patent GB-1421187-A (GB)
Title: Heat exchangers
IPC: F28C1/02
Filed: 1973-03-16
Abstract: 1421187 DESCO SA 16 March 1973 [23 March 1972] 12899/73 Heading B1R [Also in Division F4] A packing 2 for gas-liquid contact apparatus, e.g. a cooling tower, comprises a plurality of vertically disposed side-by-side open ended tubular elements each of which has a crosssection of constant perimeter which varies in a continuous and periodic manner along its length. As shown each tubular element has an intermediate section 10 of circular shape located between two minimum passage sections 8 and 9. The intermediate section 10 may alternatively be of polygonal shape. The lower ends of the tubular elements may be bevelled (see Figs. 5 and 6 not shown) and adjacent elements can be arranged in staggered relationship. The surface of each tubular element may be smooth or rough. In use cooling air drawn into the tower casing 1 by means of a fan 5 through inlet apertures 6 passes upwardly through the packing in counter flow to the water to be cooled.
Patent GB-1022703-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to visual testing apparatus
IPC: A61B3/024
Filed: 1963-04-01
Abstract: 1,022,703. Perimeters. TECHNICAL MEASUREMENT CORPORATION. April 1, 1963 [April 3, 1962], No.12908/63. Heading G2J. Apparatus for testing the visual field of a subject includes a hemispherical target on which a spot of light is flashed in a predetermined sequence by a programmer, a sensor connected to the head of the subject to detect the retinal response, and an indicator to show the position of spots not seen by the subject The target may comprise a hollow hemisphere having a number of bulbs arranged in a pattern over the surface and lit in a predetermined sequence, and the sensor may be an electroencephalograph. During the testing the subject keeps his eye focussed on the pole of the hemisphere, in which there is a small hole and a magnifying glass through which the examiner may assess the patients fixation. Provision may be made to sense signals produced by blinking of the subject and a lamp may be provided at the natural blind spot of the subject. A projector may be used to project a series of spots of light on to the hemisphere.
Patent GB-821635-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of luminescent screens
IPC: H01J9/22
Filed: 1956-04-27
Abstract: 821,635. Luminescent screens. RAULAND CORPORATION. April 27, 1956 [April 29, 1955], No. 12972/56. Drawings to Specification. Class 39(1). A luminescent screen is formed by settling the phosphor through an aqueous colloidal suspension of silicic acid containing accelerating agents, maintaining a residual portion of the fluid in contact with the formed screen for a time sufficient to cause the phosphor to adhere and then removing the residual fluid. The positive ions in the settling fluid are preferably volatizable during the subsequent baking, e.g. organic and inorganic salts and acids, and alcohols or ketones. The colloidal silica is best prepared by an ion exchange process, e.g. passing an aqueous solution of sodium or potassium silicate U 2 O 3À9 SiO 2  through a cation exchange resin, e.g. sulphonated polystyrene. The accelerating agents may be ammonium nitrate, sulphate, phosphate, carbonate, acetate or formate; ethyl amine nitrate, tetramethyl ammonium nitrate, trimethylamine nitrate or morpholene ; phosphoric acetic or formic acid or ammonium hydroxide. Another group of accelerating agents which are not volatilizable include alkali metal phosphates, nitrates and acetates ; barium nitrate and acetate or other alkaline earth metal salts ; magnesium and aluminium oxides and calcium metaborate. Examples describe the settling of silica-coated and uncoated phosphors such as zinc cadmium sulphide through colloidal suspensions of silica of varying composition, the pH value lying between 6 and 8. The presence of the accelerating agents is thought to retard the polymerisation of the monomeric or soluble silica, Figs. 1 and 2 (not shown), describe the arrangements of the supply reservoirs for the control of the mixing of the ingredients used in the melting process.
Patent GB-580607-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in staircases
IPC: E04F11/025
Filed: 1944-07-07
Abstract: 580,607. Staircases. HEMS, H. July 7, 1944, No. 12984. [Class 20 (iv)] A staircase comprises a pair of metal stringers 10, to which are secured bars 17 carrying treads 18 secured to the stringers by means 19 passing through the latter, and risers 22 engaging locating means which in the form shown consist of grooves 20, 21 in the treads. The risers shown are of sheet metal except those at the top or bottom, which, together with the treads, are of wood. The upper edges of the stringers are pressed to form outwardly inverted channels 30 and the lower edges are flanged for securing ceiling sheets 28.
Patent GB-779996-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to seed drills
IPC: A01C7/20
Filed: 1956-04-27
Abstract: The subject-matter of this Specification is substantially the same as that described in Specification 779,998 but the claims differ.
Patent GB-872718-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of steel
IPC: F27B3/00
Filed: 1958-04-24
Abstract: 872,718. Refining iron. DEMAG A.G, and SCHMITT, W. April 24, 1958, No. 13109/58. Class 72 [Also in Groups XI and XII] Melting down in an open hearth furnace is carried out using a gas burner with a number of fine jets supplied with gas at 1,000-4,000 millimeters water column, the refining being carried out using a long flame produced by the use of a jet of gas, oil, or powdered coal injected into the hot air at low pressure. As shown, burners 10 have their outermost jets directed parallel to the walls of the furnace while the inner jets are progressively increasingly inclined towards the centre.
Patent GB-310546-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to refrigerants for use in vacuum refrigerating machines
IPC: F25D31/00
Filed: 1929-04-27
Abstract: 310,546. Deutsche Gasgl³hlicht- Auer-Ges. April 27, 1928, [Convention date]. Addition to 310,474. Refrigerating, vacuum machines for.-To avoid freezing of the liquid in the evaporator of the machine described in the parent Specification, a working liquid, e.g, water, and a refrigerant, such as ethyl ether, ethyl chloride, pentane &c., of lower specific gravity than the working liquid and slightly soluble therein are .employed. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also the use of refrigerants such as ethyl bromide, chloroform, carbon disulphide &c. of greater specific gravity than the working liquid. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as eccepted. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 137,975 and 222,906.
Patent GB-331030-A (GB)
Title: Process for making compound transparent sheets
IPC: B32B17/08
Filed: 1929-04-27
Abstract: 331,030. Sartelstone, L. March 13, 1929, [Convention date]. Compound transparent sheets.-A process for the manufacture of compound transparencies composed of sheets of glass and celluloid consists of seasoning the celluloid for five days in a current of air at 98‹ F. about, cleaning the celluloid of dust by means of a rubber which is an electric conductor and removes the electricity generated by the friction, surfacing the sheet with a free flowing solution of celluloid which is then dried at 150‹ to 160‹ F. for 30 minutes and finally interposing the sheet between two glass sheets the contacting surfaces of which have been coated thickly with castor oil or other vegetable oil at a pressure of 150 lbs. per square in. for about 4¢ minutes and at a temperature of 240‹ to 250‹ F. The celluloid sheet used in the process should contain 30 per cent or more of camphor.
Patent GB-1091603-A (GB)
Title: Advanceable roof support suitable for use in mines
Inventor: FARR PETER
IPC: E21D23/04
Filed: 1964-03-31
Abstract: 1,091,603. Conveyers &c. for mines. DOWTY MINING EQUIPMENT Ltd. March 25, 1965 [March 31, 1964], No. 13177/64. Heading B8A. A roof support for a mine is provided with an advancing arrangement which reduces the tendency for the roof support to slew about its intended direction of advance while it is advancing. The cylinder 13 of an advancing jack 2 has two blocks 17 against which a steering arm 16 rests. This arm is carried in a slot 21 in a floor beam 3 and has a projection 22 which is located in a further slot 23. The arm is thus able to pivot about an axis passing through the projection 22 and to have vertical movement in the slots 21, 23. This arrangement allows for unevenness of the mine floor. Two lugs 18 carry a retainer 19 which extends over the blocks 17 and over the arm 16. At its other end the jack cylinder has a spigot 14 which is located between two lugs 15 secured to a connection 5 between the floor beam 3 and a further floor beam 4. To advance a roof support 1 to the position shown, props 6, 7 are released and the jack 2 is contracted. If the support 1 tends to slew, relative movement between the shaped front surfaces of the lugs 18 and the shaped rear surface of the steering arm 16 causes the advancing force exerted by the jack 2 to have a component tending to correct the slewing movement. When the jack 2 is extended to advance a conveyer 27, the jack cylinder 13 reacts against the lugs 15. In a modification, Figs. 3-6 (not shown), an exceptionally uneven floor causes a steering arm 31 to become disconnected from a floor beam 32, and damage to the jack and steering arm is prevented.
Patent GB-257026-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to animated picture display
IPC: G03B1/18
Filed: 1925-05-21
Abstract: 257,026. Beechlyn, J. T. May 21, 1925. Kinematograph apparatuts.-In apparatus having an image carrier which is directly viewed, the apparatus and the carrier are so formed that image change is effected by gradually replacing one image, by another, complementary parts of the two images being simultaneously visible during the change. Fig. 7, shows a flexible band carrying non-consecutively arranged images A - - K. The band is joined at its end and is arranged, as shown in Fig. 8, on drums 2, 3, the outer drum being rotatable in the direction of the arrow. The band is rendered stationary by a braking member 4 during rotation of the outer drum except at the opening between lips 2<a>, 2b. Rotation causes the band to be drawn from the inner drum round the lip 2a, and the part drawn out replaces the part drawn inwards over the lip 26, the image arrangement on the band being such that a substitution of one image for the one preceding it in phase is effected. The inner drum may be replaced by a series of cylinders over which the band passes, a greater length of band being thereby accommodated. Figs. 10 and 11 show a construction of apparatus in which sliding friction between the band and its support is eliminated. The band 1 is arranged between stationary members 6, 7 round a drum 13 having a covering of soft porous frictional material 18 and perforations 17. The drum 13 is rotated by a motor 10 which also drives a blower 20 extracting air from within the drum and forcing it through openings 25 into the space between the drum and the flanges 6<b>, 7b on the members 6, 7. A shield of celluloid &c. may be provided round the band between the flanges 6b, 7<b>. A constructional form of apparatus is described in which the band is arranged on cylinders in the form shown in Fig. 14, and means are provided to overcome any tendency to creep. ing with respect to the display area which the image may possess. When the image is such that movement occurs only in parts of it, the stationary part of the image may be depicted on a mask, Fig. 15, having apertures L. M, N through which the moving parts of the image on a band, Fig. 14, placed behind it, are visible. The band may be frusto-conical in general form, or mav be cut as as annulus from a sheet of material, one annulus being used alone or two or more being used together.
Patent GB-291719-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in talking machines
IPC: G11B17/02
Filed: 1927-01-18
Abstract: 291,719. Gramophone Co., Ltd., and Buckle, H. L. T. Jan. 18, 1927. Divided on 291,480. Stopping; magazine gramophones; tone-arm joints.-Relates to gramophones adapted for automatically reproducing from a series of records, and more particularly to magazine machines of the kind described in Specification. 291,480, and consists in providing a device whereby means for stopping the motor of the machine are brought into operation by the sound-box dropping below the normal playing position when there is no record on the turntable. In the construction shown, the thickened end 15 of the tone-arm 12 is surrounded by a collar 13, pivot-pins 16 common to the tone-arm and collar being provided. The pins 16 pass into a short tubular extension 23 of the tone-arm. The part 23 forms a ball-joint, and is itself mounted on ball 24. A bolt. 20 carrying nuts 21 passes through a ring 22 on the tone-arm, allowing a limited play between the collar and tonearms. and a spring 25 coiled around one of the pins 16 so acts that an arm 14 extending from the collar 13 is gently pressed downwards. The arm 14 carries a post 11, which is adapted to be engaged b a lever 9 operated by mechanism described in Specification 291,480. When the post 11 is lifted by the lever 9, the arm 14 and the tone-arm are rocked about the pivots 16 and the sound box is raised, and after being swung outwards and subsequently drawn inwards when a fresh record has been placed on the turntable, the tone-arm is lowered to engage the needle with the record-groove. The previously played record is ejected during the outward movement of the tone-arm, so that when the magazine has been emptied, and consequently no record has been placed on the turntable before the sound-box is finally lowered, the needle drops below the playing level. The axis of the bearings 24 is slightly inclined, so that the tone-arm continues to saving inwards. This causes a finger 29, extending from the tone-arm, to press upon the turned-over end 32<1> of one of a pair of contacts 31, 32, Fig. 4, which are arranged in the circuit of the driving electromotor. By this means, the contacts are separated, and the motor is stopped. A stop (not shown) against which the finger 29 can abut, is provided to limit the inward movement of the tone-arm. A switch is provided, in parallel with the contacts 31, 32, to enable the machine to be restarted without first raising the tone-arm. This switch is arranged, in the machine described in Specification 291,480, on the threearmed lever which is moved by a push-rod to initiate the cycle of automatic operations.
Patent GB-133499-A (GB)
IPC: H01T13/24
Abstract: 133,499. Pickard, W., and Dobson, D. R. Nov. 5, 1918. Sparking-plugs.-In a sparking-plug in which the central electrode is slidable so that contact is broken when the cylinder pressure reaches a predetermined degree, the time of ignition may be varied by adjusting the tension of the spring f surrounding the insulation e by means of a handle h formed with a gland g provided with a quickpitch thread. A metal sleeve may surround the insulation and a spring washer be interposed between a collar on the electrode and the end of the insulator. Two or more plugs may be coupled to act in synchronism, suitable calibrations being made, if desired, on the gland.
Patent GB-575667-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to methods of preparing organosilicon halides
IPC: C07F7/16
Filed: 1942-09-22
Abstract: Organosilicon halides are prepared by heating together silicon and an aryl or alkyl halide.  The silicon may be used as such or in the form of alloys or mixtures with metals such as copper.  The preferred method of preparation is to bring the alkyl or aryl halide into contact with a solid mass containing silicon at a temperature of 200 DEG -600 DEG  C.  In examples: (1) a stream of methyl chloride is passed over heated silicon in a tube 3 inches diameter and 6 feet long at a temperature about 300 DEG  C. at a rate of between 100-300 grams per hour to give a mixture of methyl silicon halides; (2) chlorbenzene is passed through a tube as in example (1) over lumps of sintered silicon at 600 DEG  C. to give a mixture of phenyl silicon chlorides; (3) chlorbenzene is added to a copper lined reaction vessel containing internal copper rollers and comminuted copper silicon alloy, at a temperature of 230 DEG -280 DEG  C. for 72 hours to give a mixture of phenyl silicon chlorides; (4) as in example (3) but using bromobenzene; (5) gaseous methyl chloride is passed through a tube as in example 1, which contains a silicon-copper alloy at 360 DEG  C. to give a mixture of silicon methyl chlorides; (6) bromobenzene is allowed to drip into a vertical vessel containing copper silicon alloy at 400 DEG  C. to give a mixture of phenyl silicon bromides.  Specifications 542,655 and 572,740, [Group VIII], are referred to.
Patent GB-134758-A (GB)
IPC: F02B47/02
Abstract: 134,758. Larsen, J. M. April 15, 1919. Water, supplying to cylinders.-Distilled water is injected into the cylinders to form part of the charge, and the heat of the exhaust is used to effect the distillation preferably in a multitubular still.