Patent GB-1097631-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to blow-moulding machines
IPC: B29C49/36
Filed: 1965-07-27
Abstract: 1,097,631. Blow-moulding; hydraulic mould operation. G. COTE. July 27, 1965 [July 28, 1964], No. 31924/65. Heading B5A. [Also in Division F1] In a blow-moulding machine comprising at least one, preferably 3, blow-moulds each formed by a pair of cooperating dies, the dies are displaced together or apart to open or close the mould by hydraulic rams, 23, one for each die, which have a fluid port at both ends 94, 941, 96, 96<1>, 98, 98<1>. There are means controlling the pressure fluid actuating the rams including a cylindrical fluid distributer, 55, with an outer sleeve, 53, mounted for rotation over the distributer, and fluid admission and exhaust means through the distributer and sleeve, e.g. 83<1>, 91<1> so that fluid can be alternately delivered and exhausted at each of the ports on rotation of the sleeve, giving reciprocation of the dies to open and close the mould. Hydraulic system.-For this purpose, the distributer 55 has a pair of circumferential grooves along its outer surface (the two crosssections of Fig. 14 being in the planes of these grooves) with a pair of barriers 77, 771, 79, 791 in each groove, dividing each into a first and a second chamber 78, 781, 80, 801, the circumferential length and position of the first and second chambers of the first groove being the same as those of the second groove. Preferably, one chamber is twice the length of the other, i.e. #<2>/3 and #<1>/3 of the total circumference. Ducts 89, 91, 93 extend through the sleeve connecting one part of each ram to one groove and the other port to the other groove, the fluid admission means through the distributer, e.g. 81 communicating with the first chamber of the first groove, e.g. 801 and the second chamber of the second groove, e.g. 78, and the fluid exhaust means through the distributer, e.g. 85, 85<1> communicating with the second chamber of the first groove, e.g. 80 and the first chamber of the second groove, e.g. 78<1>. Thus, in the configuration of Fig. 14, fluid passes through the distributer along longitudinal duct 81, to the first groove, whence it is admitted to ram 23<1> (via duct 83<1>, chamber 801 and duct 91<1>) and to the second groove, whence it is admitted to ram 23 (via duct 83, chamber 78 and duct 89) and to ram 23<11> (via duct 83, chamber 78 and duct 93), the pistons 33 in the rams being pushed in the direction of the arrows shown thereon. Simultaneously, fluid is exhausted into the first groove from ram 23 (via pipe 951) and ram 23<11> (via pipe 99<1>) and into the second groove from ram 23<1> (via pipe 97). Fluid is then exhausted from chamber 80 of the first groove and from chamber 78<1> of the second groove via ducts 87, 87<1> and pipes 85, 85<1>, which extend longitudinally through the distributer. Then, on rotation of the sleeve throughout 120 degrees from this position, ducts 93, 93<1> move from chambers 78, 80 to 78<1>, 80<1>, ducts 91, 91<1> from chambers 781, 801 to 78, 80, and ducts 89, 89<1> remain in communication with chambers 78, 80 respectively. Thus, piston 33 remains stationary, piston 33<1> moves to the left, and piston 33<11> to the right. Similarly, a further rotation of 120 degrees will push piston 33 to the right, piston 33<11> to the left, while piston 331 remains stationary. Mould operation.-One die of each mould is carried by each of a pair of parallel plates (13, Fig. 3) rotating at equal speeds about an axis perpendicular to both plates. The rams 25 to move the dies are mounted, one for each die, on the outsides of the respective plates, the pistons being slidable through holes 29 in the plates and connected to the dies. The fluid controller 53 is mounted coaxially outside each plate, the outer sleeves thereof secured to the plates, the rams preferably being evenly spaced around the controller. The plates may be connected by rods 69 evenly disposed around the rotational axis of the plates, each die having an apertured ear to slide on the rod to guide the reciprocation of the dies. A lever 47 may be secured to the outer end of the distributor 55, extending laterally to engage with manual means to displace the lever, thereby rotating the distributer to adjust the closure position of the moulds. Air delivery.-Air supply means (Fig. 17, not shown) are provided through the distributer communicating with a continuous circumferential groove 153 around the distributer in constant communication with an air duct 155, 1551 and 155<11> for each mould in the outer sleeve of the controller 53 connected by a hose to means to inject air into the mould, the air being controlled by a valve in the hose, rotatable with the sleeve and to be opened only when the corresponding mould is closed. The air valve (Figs. 7-9, not shown) may comprise a body 161 in which a spool 165 is rotatably mounted, the body having an inlet 187 and an outlet 191 port, there being a pair of spaced longitudinal passages 175, 177 in the spool so as to place the ports in communication with each other twice in every revolution of the spool, and a passage 185 from the spool to exhaust from the outlet port 183 twice in every revolution of the spool, alternately to each communication between the ports. The spool may be rotated by having a member with four radial arms, e.g. a Geneva wheel 173, successively engaged by prongs (199, Fig. 10, not shown) on the stationary distributer as the sleeve rotates. The prongs may be adjustable to alter the time and duration of the air valve actuation. Cooling water means.-Cooling water admission (207) and return means 21 (Figs. 15, 16, not shown) are provided through the distributer also, each being connected to a continuous circumferential groove 211, 221 resp. in the distributer, there being two ducts, e.g. 2131, 223<1> through the sleeve for each die, each in constant communication with one of the grooves and each connected by a hose to passages in the die. Frame adjustment.-The frame may be adjusted so as to adjust the moulds centrally of the extruded parison. The apparatus is carried by a frame mounted on bearings on a base for limited displacement by manual means of the frame relative to the base in the direction of the axis of the die-carrying plates. The manual operating means may comprise a shaft 233 mounted for rotation between two opposed flanges 231 on the base, an upstanding lever 237 secured to the shaft connected by a screwthread to a non-axially displaceable operating rod 243 mounted on the frame to be rotated manually by means 247, causing rotation of the shaft and rocking of the lever 237, the frame being moved by means of a link 249, pivotally connecting the frame to an intermediate point on the lever.