Patent GB-1020363-A (GB)
Title: Jet propulsion power plants
IPC: B64C29/00
Filed: 1962-08-13
Abstract: 1,020,363. Aircraft jet propulsion plant. P. R. KUNG. Aug. 13, 1962 [Sept. 1961, No. 31009/62. Heading B7G. [Also in Division F1] A jet propulsion power plant comprises a first, turbo-jet, flow path comprising a compressor stage, a combustion section and a turbine stage, a second, by-pass, flow path extending from the compressor stage through a by-pass duct which by-passes the combustion section and the turbine stage, and a third, ramjet, flow path extending from a separate ram intake into the by-pass duct. The power plant shown in Fig. 1 comprises a low pressure compressor 12, the output of which is divided into two streams, the inner stream passing through the high pressure compressor 13, combustion equipment 21, and turbine assembly 16, 18, the gases then discharging through outlet duct 23; the outer stream passing through a by-pass duct 2 in which is provided a combustion section 9 having fuel injection and flame stabilizing equipment 8. A ram-jet duct 4 having a ram air intake 3 leads into the bypass duct at the mixing zone 4. The exhaust gases from the turbine assembly flowing through the duct 23 mix with the combustion gases issuing from the combustion section 9 and the gases discharge through a propulsion nozzle 10. The ram intake 3 is provided with adjustable flaps 7, and the outlet of the duct 23, also the nozzle 10 are also adjustable. In Fig. 2, not shown, the exhaust gases from the turbine system mix with the gases issuing from the combustion section 9 and the mixed gases are then reheated in a further combustion section before discharge through the nozzle 34. In Fig. 3, not shown, the exhaust gases from the turbine section are reheated before discharging through the two downstream nozzles 42. The gases from the by-pass and ram jet ducts do not mix with the gases from the turbine section but discharge through the upstream pair of nozzles 42. This power plant may be used for forward propulsion or for vertical lift. In Fig. 4 a jet propulsion engine in accordance with the invention having an upstream pair of propulsion nozzles 48 and a downstream pair of propulsion nozzles 50 is associated with a ram jet unit 52 of flattened form. The nozzles 48 and 50 may discharge into the ram jet duct 52 or the gases issuing from the nozzles may be deflected downwardly by means of deflector members 46, 57 as indicated by arrows 47, 58. In a further embodiment, Figs. 6 and 7, not shown, an aircraft power plant comprises three power units in accordance with the invention disposed in flat formation together with four ram-jet units disposed between and on either side of the three power units, the gases from the by-pass and ram jet ducts of the power units being arranged to be discharged into the combustion sections of the adjacent ram-jet units 94 through outlet ducts 92. The exhaust gases discharging from the turbine are reheated in the combustion section 86 together with air taken from the intake 77 through duct 79, 87. The lower surface of the jet pipe is formed by a pivotable flap 88 which may be moved so as to divert the gases downwardly as indicated at 98. Similar deflector flaps 91 are provided at the outlet ends of the ram jet ducts 90. The ram jet unit 90 is provided with an adjustable intake plug 74, with fuel nozzles 93 and with a duct 79 by which air may be led from the intake direct to the combustion zone. Further fuel injectors are provided at 97. In a further embodiment, the upper part of Fig. 9, not shown, the by-pass air and the ram air flows meet in the mixing zone 118, then pass to the combustion section 108 and finally discharge through duct 106 into the adjacent ram-jet unit 104. The gases from the turbine 139 are reheated at 140, 141 then discharge through duct 107 into the adjacent ram-jet unit 104 downstream of the duct 106. In the embodiment at the lower part of Fig. 9, the turbine exhaust gases after passing through the reheat combustion section 140, 141 pass through nozzle 142 direct to atmosphere and not into the adjacent ram jet duct 104 as in the upper part of the Figure. Jet deflector flaps 122 are provided at the outlet end of the ram jet duct 104. In Fig. 12, not shown, the wall of the ram jet duct 104 may be constituted by a flap 161 pivotally mounted at its downstream end which in one position deflects part of the gas flow through a duct 164 where it is guided by vanes 165 and discharges through slits 166 of adjustable jet deflector flap systems 167.