baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1108894-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of terpenic tertiary allyl esters
IPC: C11B9/00
Filed: 1966-10-04
Abstract: Preparation of terpenic tertiary allyl esters by esterifying a terpenic allyl halide with a carboxylic acid salt optionally under non-aqueous conditions at a temperature of from 20 DEG  to 100 DEG C. in the presence of 1,3-diphenylguanidine or an acid addition salt thereof.  The terpenic allyl halide starting material may or may not contain suspended cuprous halide employed in its manufacture.  The specified carboxylic acid salts include alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of aliphatic or aromatic mono- or dicarboxylic acids.  The catalyst which preferably amounts to 0.5 to 10% by weight based on the terpene halide, may be a specified organic or inorganic salt of 1,3-diphenylguanidine, particularly the acetate or hydrochloride. The process is preferably carried out under non-aqueous conditions using at least one equivalent of the carboxylic acid salt.  Linalyl acetate together with minor amounts of neryl and geranyl acetate are obtained by treating myrcene (from a b -pinene pyrolysate optionally containing cuprous chloride) with gaseous hydrogen chloride and treating the product with sodium or calcium acetate in the presence of 1,3-diphenylguanidine or its hydrochloride.  Comparative examples are given.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 979,523.
Patent GB-1497970-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of propylene oxide
IPC: C07D301/14
Filed: 1976-10-27
Abstract: 1497970 Preparation of propylene oxide BAYER AG and DEUTSCHE GOLDUND SILBER - SCHEIDEANSTALT 27 Oct 1976 [24 July 1976] 44622/76 Heading C2C The invention comprises a process for the continuous preparation of propylene oxide from propylene and aqueous hydrogen peroxide wherein (a) an aqueous solution containing 10 to 45% by weight of a water-soluble acid catalyst and 20 to 35% by weight of hydrogen peroxide is reacted with propionic acid in a molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide: propionic acid of 0À8 to 1À5 : 1 or 3À5 to 5 : 1 at a temperature of from 10‹ to 70‹ C., (b) the resulting reaction mixture is extracted with benzene in countercurrent, (c) all or part of the aqueous raffinate from the extraction, which contains in the main hydrogen peroxide and acid catalyst, is reconcentrated by removing water by distillation, (d) the reconcentrated raffinate and the part of the raffinate which has optionally not been reconcentrated are recycled into the reaction stage (a), the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and water-soluble acid catalyst being made up to those required for the reaction with propionic acid by adding the hydrogen peroxide required to restore the hydrogen peroxide concentration to that required for the reaction with propionic acid to the part of the raffinate which is to be reconcentrated, before or after removal of water by distillation according to (c), or to the part of the raffinate which is optionally not reconcentrated, (e) the benzene extract, which contains in the main perpropionic acid and propionic acid, is treated with water or an aqueous solution, (f) the solution, containing perpropionic acid and propionic acid, which is now obtained is reacted with excess propylene at a molar ratio of propylene to perpropionic acid of 1À2 to 6 : 1 at a temperature of from 50‹ to 90‹ C. and at a pressure of from 2 to 20 bars, and (g) the reaction mixture, containing propylene oxide, is worked up in a manner which is in itself known, pure propylene oxide being isolated and the excess propylene, the propionic acid and the benzene being recovered and the whole or part of these recovered products being recycled into the process.
Patent GB-1038580-A (GB)
Title: Spark timing control
IPC: F02P5/10
Filed: 1964-11-04
Abstract: 1,038,580. Timing ignition. B. WALKER. Nov. 4, 1964, No. 44993/64. Heading F1B. An automatic ignition control for an internal combustion engine having a carburetter 10 containing a throttle 18 comprises a first pneumatic actuator 50 operated by the engine inlet manifold suction and so connected with the engine ignition contact breaker as to retard the engine ignition to the normal fully retarded position when the throttle is closed and then to allow the ignition to be further retarded beyond such position, a second pneumatic actuator 33 also operated by the manifold suction and so connected with the engine ignition contact breaker as to provide such further retard when the throttle is closed, valve means 25 by which the manifold suction is communicated to the second actuator when the throttle is closed and means associated with the throttle and the valve means to relieve the suction in the second actuator as soon as the throttle is opened, a centrifugal control may also be used. In a modification a port just below the lower edge of the throttle valve is connected to a chamber from which a pipe leads to the pneumatic actuator 33.
Patent GB-1081424-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in card controlled signalling systems
Inventor: GREEN RONALD
IPC: G08B5/22
Filed: 1963-11-14
Abstract: 1,081,424. Seat reservations. BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH Ltd. Nov. 12, 1964 [Nov. 14, 1963], No. 45062/63. Heading G4T. In apparatus for aircraft seat reservations signals corresponding to selected portions only of flight cards are transmitted in one operation, the whole information being transmitted in a plurality of operations. In an illustrated embodiment the card is divided into two overlapping areas and positioning of a switch determines the area for which signals are transmitted. Alternatively, the card may be wholly or partially inserted in the transmitting apparatus controlled by a releasable stop or a spring-controlled carriage. In order to accommodate further information the cards may be folded and with information on both sides, the side being determined either by a metal strip on one side only or by projections or domes on one side only operating microswitches and cooperating with recesses when folded inwardly. The cards have tabs on their sides or ends for operating micro-switches to identify the card.
Patent GB-1513584-A (GB)
Title: Device for effecting relative axial movement between two shaft components
IPC: F16H25/18
Filed: 1975-10-31
Abstract: A non-rotatable machine part (6) of the device, e.g. the ram of a punch, is supported resiliently in its starting position and is moved downwards counter to the spring force, via a ball (4) by a rotatable disc (1). This axial movement of the machine part (6) is triggered by a plunger (10), which pushes the ball (4), in an opening (9), against an annular track (3) until it reaches the level of an entry (7) to a ramp (5). After the retraction of a stop (11), the ball is driven along the ramp (5) by the disc (1), the machine part (6) thereby being pressed downwards until the ball (4) falls into the opening (9) again. This makes a possible an interruption to the axial movement while maintaining the rotary movement of the disc (1). <IMAGE>
Patent GB-1195372-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Circular Knitting Machine Take Down Mechanism
Inventor: RAVEN CHARLES
IPC: D04B15/88
Filed: 1966-10-11
Abstract: 1,195,372. Knitting-machines. C. RAVEN Ltd., 11 Oct., 1967 [11 Oct., 1966], No. 45358/ 66. Heading D1C. The fabric take down rollers 12 of a circular machine are driven by pawl and ratchet mechanism 20, 25 the former being operated by a lever 17 having a cam follower 18 imparting a reciprocating motion to it so it follows a cam surface 11 on the support for the mechanism. A lever 30 is pivoted onwardly to engage the lever 17 to render the mechanism inoperative and is released by a further lever 31 coupled to the lever 30 deflecting the latter outwardly.
Patent GB-1126544-A (GB)
Title: Laminated article
IPC: D21H19/04
Filed: 1966-10-11
Abstract: 1,126,544. Making signs. W. M. SWARTZ. 11 Oct., 1966, No. 45424/66. Heading G5C. [Also in Division B5] An article, e.g. an advertising display panel, comprises a sheet of paperboard material 5 of the kind that is subject to shrinkage upon drying, having a moisture impervious film 6 laminated over one surface, and secured to the opposite surface a layer which is sufficiently pervious to moisture to permit drying and shrinkage of the sheet at a controlled rate. As described the sheet 7 is a pervious or perforated sheet of aluminium foil which is thinner than the sheet 6 which is also of aluminium foil, and has good light-reflecting properties. When used as an advertising display the sheet 5 of paperboard having a high water content is laminated with the sheets 6, 7. The sheet 6 is then indented with a design 10 and a pattern of transparent colours printed thereon before, during, or after indentation. The article is cut to shape and transported to its place of use in the flat condition, escape of moisture through the sheet 7 being prevented during transportation by covering this sheet with a temporary water barrier sheet. In use the barrier sheet is removed and the article flexed into a curved shape. As drying and hence shinkage takes place more quickly adjacent the sheet 7 than the sheet 6, the curved shape of the article is maintained.
Patent GB-1139020-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of molded articles
IPC: B29C45/16
Filed: 1967-10-06
Abstract: 1,139,020. Moulding plastic materials. E. VERON. 6 Oct., 1967 [13 Oct., 1966], No. 45619/67. Heading B5A. A mould for the manufacture of toy wheels and like circular articles having a peripheral portion and a central body portion, comprises a slidable plunger by means of which different plastics materials may be injected successively into the mould so that in one plunger position a first plastics material is injected into an annular cavity and in a second plunger position another plastics material is injected into a central cavity embraced by the annular cavity. A toy wheel having a tyre portion of relatively soft plastic material and a central portion of a relatively hard plastic material is injection moulded in a mould 1, 2 with a plunger 5 arranged so that with the plunger in the position of Fig. 1, plastic material is injected through passage 13 to a toroidal cavity 9 to form the tyre portion 14, after which the plunger is lowered to the position of Fig. 3 and a second plastic material is injected through passage 12 to a cavity 8 to provide the central portion. A pin 10 provides a central aperture in the wheel. In the apparatus of Figs. 6-9 (not shown), the plunger (18) has a surrounding sleeve (20) which, when the tyre (14) has been moulded of a material of dark colour, is lowered and a second material of white colour is injected to provide an annulus (23) between the tyre and the central portion (15) of the wheel formed when the plunger is lowered and a third material is injected.
Patent GB-1473263-A (GB)
IPC: C07C43/178
Filed: 1975-11-04
Abstract: 1473263 Production of ethers TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORP 4 Nov 1975 [2 Dec 1974] 45718/75 Heading C2C An ether is prepared by (a) reacting a watersoluble alcohol as first reactant with an olefin or a water-insoluble alcohol as second reactant in an inert hydrocarbon solvent having 3 or 4 carbon atoms and in the presence of a solid etherification catalyst, thereby forming a reaction mixture including unreacted first reactant and product ether containing moieties from the first reactant and the second reactant, (b) contacting the reaction mixture with an aqueous extractant in the presence of the inert hydrocarbon, thereby forming an aqueous extract containing the first reactant and a raffinate containing rhe inert hydrocarbon and product ether, and (c) recovering the raffinate. The ether may be recovered from the raffinate, e.g. by fractionation. The first reactant may be a monohydric alcohol (e.g. a C 1 -C 6  aliphatic alcohol or benzyl alcohol) or a polyhydroxy alcohol, a number of which are listed; in the examples, methanol is used. The second reactant is for example a monoolefin i.butene, i.pentene, i.hexene, styrene or phenylpropene) or a di- or tri-olefin; alternatively it may be for example a C 5 -C 10  alcohol; the use of isobutene, is exemplified. The inert hydrocarbon is for example n.butane or isobutane. When the first reactant is isobutene, it may be admitted to the reaction as part of a refinery stream containing butanes; n.butenes present may also be classed as inert hydrocarbons in this case. The catalyst is for example a sulphonated coal or a sulphonated synthetic resin, e.g. a divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene. A flow diagram of a suitable apparatus is given.
Patent GB-1055427-A (GB)
Title: Electrical apparatus for firing controlled rectifiers
IPC: H02M7/155
Filed: 1963-11-29
Abstract: 1,055,427. Rectifying. SPRAGUE ELECTRIC CO. Nov. 29, 1963 [Nov. 30, 1962]. No. 47226/63. Heading H2F. Phase-shiftable control pulses to fire a silicon controlled rectifier are derived through transistor whose base emitter circuit is fed with a supply derived from an A.C. phase shifting network 2 as disclosed in Specification 656,816. As shown, a transformer 1 feeds the network 2 and a winding 8 which provides the D.C. supply for a transistor 3. The output to fire a silicon controlled rectifier is derived across a resistor 23 in the emitter-collector circuit. The output of the phase shifting network 2 is supplied to a transformer 3 whose secondary winding feeds the base-emitter circuit of the transistor. In order to ensure that the conduction of the transistor 3 terminates at the end of the positive half cycle and that this resistor does not conduct during the negative half cycle a diode 9 and current-limiting resistor are connected to its base as shown. A duplicated circuit 3<SP>1</SP>, 8<SP>1</SP>, 9<SP>1</SP> &c. working on the opposite half cycle is disclosed. In a modification (Fig. 2, not shown) the transformer 10 is dispensed with, and the phase-shifting network feeds the base emitter circuit through a rectifier bridge. A similar arrangement of diodes is provided to ensure that conduction of the transistor ceases at the end of each half cycle. This arrangement provides for a single S.C.R. to be fired twice per cycle.
Patent GB-1367817-A (GB)
Title: engine control mechanisms
IPC: F02D1/00
Filed: 1972-10-13
Abstract: 1367817 Engine throttle linkage ZKL ZAVODY NAVALIVA LOZISKA A TRAKTORY NARODNI PODNIK 13 Oct 1972 [22 Oct 1971] 47392/72 Heading F1B An engine control mechanism to connect an accelerator pedal or lever 1 to a fuel supply regulator (not shown) comprises a plurality of linked members, one member 10 being linked to an adjacent one 6 by a disengageable pin 12, a spring 11 being located between these members to move one relative to the other to close the fuel supply regulator when the pin 12 is disengaged. Member 10 is rigid with rotatable shaft 5, but member 6 is pivotable on it. Operation of eccentric lever 14 disengages pin 12 to stop the engine irrespective of the position of pedal or lever 1.
Patent GB-1077547-A (GB)
Title: Esterification
IPC: C07C69/58
Filed: 1965-11-09
Abstract: Long chain fatty diacids (C8 to C27) and their anhydrides are esterified with straight or branched chain primary aliphatic alcohols by adding them both to a substantial excess of liquid hydrogen fluoride which acts as a catalyst and as a solvent, and separating the resulting ester from the reaction mix.  Acids of formula <FORM:1077547/C2/1> where x + y = 6 to 22, and z = 0 to 1 such as those in natural fats and oils such as tallow, soybean and coconut oils, are used and examples describe the preparation of di-n-butyl, dicetyl, di-hexadecyl and diisocetyl carboxystearate.
Patent GB-1090788-A (GB)
Title: Polyphenols and their application
IPC: C08K5/13
Filed: 1964-11-23
Abstract: As anti-agers for rubber, use is made of bisphenols or polyphenols of the formula <FORM:1090788/C3/1> in which R denotes an alkyl or alkoxy group of 1-12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group of 5 or 6 carbon atoms, or a benzyl, benzyloxy, phenylethyl or phenethoxy group, R1 denotes hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1-12 carbon atoms, R11 denotes hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms and n is 1-5 (see Division C2).  When n is 1, the free bonds shown in the formula become a double bond, but when n is more than 1 the double bond opens and adds on to similar molecules.ALSO:The invention comprises compounds of the formula <FORM:1090788/C2/1> in which R denotes an alkyl or alkoxy group of 1-12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group of 5 or 6 carbon atoms, or a benzyl, benzyloxy, phenylethyl or phenethoxy group, R1 denotes hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1-12 carbon atoms, R11 denotes hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms and n is 1-5.  When n is 1, the free bonds shown in the formula become a double bond, but when n is more than 1 the double bond opens and adds on to similar molecules.  The compounds may be prepared by condensing an appropriately substituted phenol with a dihalogen olefine of the formula X-C(H)R11-CR11=CR11-C(H)R11-X, in which X is chlorine, bromine or iodine and R11 is as above. The reaction may be effected at 100-150 DEG  C. in the presence of a catalyst, specified catalysts being zinc, zinc chloride, iron, ferrous oxide and acid-activated clays. A solvent may be present. The process may be modified by first reacting phenol or an appropriately substituted phenol with the dihalogen olefine and then alkylating the product. Examples are given in which (1) p-cresol is reacted with 1,4-dichlorobutene-2 and (2) the product of Example 1 is alkylated with isobutylene in the presence of suphuric acid. Other examples describe the reaction of tert.-butyl - m - cresol, butyl - p - methoxyphenol and p-methoxyphenol with 1,4-dichlorobutene-2 and the alkylation of the last-mentioned product with isobutylene.  A number of other phenols and other dihalogen olefines suitable for use in the process are specified. The products are useful as rubber-antioxidants (see Division C3).
Patent GB-1424248-A (GB)
Title: Channels for receiving a flow of hot material
IPC: C03B7/00
Filed: 1973-10-11
Abstract: 1424248 Channel for molten glass SAINTGOBAIN INDUSTRIES 11 Oct 1973 [13 Oct 1972] 47528/73 Heading C1M [Also in Division F4] A channel member, for receiving a flow of molten or plastic glass at elevated temperature, comprises one or more ducts 3, 4 transverse to the direction of flow of the glass, each duct 3, 4 being provided with burners 9, 10 at each end, and the channel comprising at least one chamber 6, each chamber 6 communicating with at least one duct 3, 4, and having an outlet 7 so that hot gases from the burners 9, 10 pass through the chambers. Each chamber 6 may be large enough to permit turbulence therein of the hot gas. The burners may be air/propane burners. In the embodiment shown, the channel, which forms a casting lip, comprises chamber 6 communicating only with duct 4, and chamber 6a only with duct 3, the ducts 3, 4 being formed in the base 1 and the chambers 6, 6a in the walls 2. In an alternative embodiment (Fig. 7) the channel member comprises a trough 20 traversed by a longitudinal slot 21, through which molten glass 22 flows, the member comprising two ducts 23, 24 disposed on either side of the slot 21, which ducts are connected to chambers 25, 26.
Patent GB-1278833-A (GB)
Title: A resistance heating element
IPC: H05B3/44
Filed: 1969-09-26
Abstract: 1278833 Resistance heating element VULCAIN 26 Sept 1969 [27 Sept 1968] 47569/69 Heading H5H A tubular electric heating element comprises a rigid central core 1 of electrically conducting material surrounded with a layer 3, 6 of refractory, electrically insulating material on which a resistance element 4 is arranged, the element 4 being coated with a layer 5 of refractory insulating material, and being connected electrically to the central core 1 which forms one supply terminal and to a member 7 disposed on layer 6 which forms the second terminal. Core 1 is a stainless steel or "Inconel" (Registered Trade Mark), layers 3, 6 and 5 are formed of oxides of aluminium, boron or zirconium, and element 4 is either a strip or tube which may be helically grooved, of 80/20 Ni-Cr. Layers 3, 6 are tubes friction fitted on core 10 and terminal 7 is a ring of the same material as core 10 held in place by nut 11 and insulating member 9. The element 4 is welded to terminals 7 and 10. When the element 4 is tubular the terminal ring 7 is omitted, and the uncoated part of the element provides the terminal. In Fig. 2 (not shown), the layers 3, 6 surrounding metal core 10 are plasma sprayed on to the core 10.
Patent GB-1056473-A (GB)
Title: A method and an apparatus for controlling a fluid-control valve
IPC: F16K31/46
Filed: 1964-11-24
Abstract: 1,056,473. Valves. B. S. OLSSON. Nov. 24, 1964, No. 47663/64. Heading F2V. [Also in Division G3P] A valve comprises a screwed adjustable stem rotated by a gear 1, a gear 2 engaged by the gear 1 to rotate a screw 4 provided with a linearly displaceable element 5, and a pneumatic position indicator 6 having means 8 rotated by displacement of the element 5, the indicator providing a signal pressure dependent on the degree of rotation to a balance relay forming part of a remote control system for the valve. The balance relay receives a pressure from a manually or automatically controlled input and causes an actuator to rotate the valve stem until the pressure from the indicator 6 balances the pressure from the input.
Patent GB-1358388-A (GB)
Title: Circuits having thin-film capacitors
IPC: H01C7/00
Filed: 1971-07-20
Abstract: 1358388 Thin film capacitors HEWLETTPACKARD CO 20 July 1971 [20 July 1970] 48004/73 Divided out of 1358387 Heading H1M Thin film capacitors forming part of a printed circuit comprise electrodes 12 to 16 deposited on substrate 11, the upper surfaces of the electrodes being oxidized to provide dielectric layers 19, a further dielectric layer 22 applied over the substrate and oxidized electrodes and associated with each electrode two separated electrodes such as 31, 36 or 32, 37. The substrate may be sapphire, glass or ceramic. The film electrodes may be #-tantalum, hafnium, aluminium, niobium, titanium or zirconium applied by vapour-deposition or cathode sputtering using photo-etching or ion-beam etching techniques. The films may initially be electrically interconnected and their surfaces may thus be oxidized by anodization in one operation (Fig. 2, not shown). The interconnections and a contact pad aresubsequently removed. Dielectric layer 22 may be silicon oxide or dioxide, hafnium dioxide, yttrium oxide, aluminium oxide, tantalum pentoxide or silicon nitride and may be applied by sputtering, vapour deposition or electron beam deposition. In manufacturing the thin film circuit including the capacitors, a resistive layer 23, preferably tantalum nitride, is applied by reactive sputtering on to layer 22. It may also be nickel-chromium, hafnium nitride or rhenium, then a conductive layer 24, e.g. chrome gold, molybdenum gold, nickel gold or copper. The thin film circuit is now fabricated from the precursor unit so formed by first etching, using a photo-resist mask, areas 25, 26, 27, 28 down to dielectric layer 22, defining the width of resistors between 25 and 26, 27 and 28, 26 and 28. Then using a mask conductive material, e.g. gold, copper is plated on to the conductive layer 24 to constitute external connection pads, interconnections and the capacitor electrodes. Then, using photo-resist masking and etching, layers 23 and 24 are removed from all the areas around the various elements (Fig. 6, not shown). Each capacitor is effectively two capacitors in series. The resistors are finally formed by etching the conductive layer overlying them. The resistive material may have a sheet resistivity lower than that desired, the substrate may be heated first to stabilize the resistive film, and then to increase the resistivity to that desired.