Patent GB-1254201-A (GB)
Title: A process for hydrocracking crude oil residues
IPC: C10G47/20
Filed: 1969-02-14
Abstract: 1,254,201. Hydrocracking catalysts. BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK A.G. 14 Feb., 1969 [17 Feb., 1968 (2)], No. 8090/69. Heading B1E. [Also in Division C5] A catalyst comprises at least one Group V, VI or VIII transition metal or compound thereof supported on a carrier consisting of crystalline zeolite distributed in a mixture and/or compound of magnesia and alumina, the alkali metal content of the zeolite, which may be a natural or synthetic aluminosilicate having a silica to alumina molar ratio preferably of at least 2 to 1, having been reduced, either before or after incorporation of the zeolite in the mixture and/or compound of magnesia and alumina, by ion exchange using, for example, a compound of ammonia, copper, silver, magnesium, calcium, zinc, cadmium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, a metal of the palladium and platinum triads or a rare earth metal. The carrier, which preferably contains from 10 to 90 weight per cent of zeolite, may be prepared by mixing zeolite (after ion exchange to reduce the alkali metal content thereof) with a moiste paste of magnesia arid alumina, the resulting mixture being dried, shaped and calcined. The magnesia and alumina preferably are present in the mixture and/or compound thereof in a weight ratio of between 1 to 10 and 10 to 1, for example in equimolar amounts. The magnesia and alumina either may be mixed mechanically, for example by grinding, or may be coprecipated from a solution containing salts, for example acetates, chlorides, nitrates or sulphates, of magnesium and aluminium; alternatively, one of the oxides magnesia and alumina may be precipitated on to the other of the oxides. The Group V, VI or VIII transition metal, which may be in the form of an oxide, sulphide, phosphate, fluoride or borate, may be vanadium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, cobalt, nickel, rhodium, palladium or platinum; reference is made to catalysts containing iron, cobalt or nickel in addition to molybdenum and/or tungsten. The Group V, VI or VIII transition metal or compound thereof may be incorporated in the catalyst either by mixing or impregnation in known manner or by using such transition metal in effecting ion exchange with the alkali metal of the zeolite. The catalyst may contain from 0.2 to 35 weight per cent of transition metal or compound thereof for example from 4 to 33 weight per cent of a metal (and/or compound thereof) selected from transition metals of Groups V and VI and the iron triad or from 0.2 to 2 weight per cent of a metal selected from the palladium and platinum triads. Examples relate to the hydrocracking of a crude oil residue in the presence of a catalyst consisting of T weight per cent molybdenum oxide supported on a carrier consisting of 70 weight per cent of rare-earth metal-exchanged crystalline zeolite having a silica to alumnia molar ratio of 4.9 to 1 and a lattice constant of 24.66 Angstroms and 30 weight per cent of either magnesia/alumina spinel (Example 4) or a mixture of 20 weight per cent magnesia and 80 weight per cent alumina (Example 5).