Patent GB-795067-A (GB)
Title: Liquid fuel for internal combustion engines
Inventor: GARNER PHILIP JAMES
IPC: C10L1/24
Filed: 1955-08-11
Abstract: An internal-combustion engine fuel comprises a motor fuel, a lead-containing anti-knock agent and a boronic or borinic acid of formula <FORM:0795067/III/1> in which R is a cyclic radical directly attached to the boron atom by a carbon atom which is part of the ring structure, or an anhydride or salt of such an acid.  The radical R may be an aryl radical, such as phenyl, methyl-phenyl, hydroxyphenyl, methoxyphenyl, dimethoxyphenyl, chlorophenyl, methylchlorophenyl, trifluoromethylphenyl, phenylphenyl, benzoylaminophenyl, naphthyl, methylnaphthyl, methoxynaphthyl, chloronaphthyl, nitronaphthyl, aminonaphthyl, fluorenyl, anthryl or phenanthryl; or a cycloaliphatic radical, such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, methylcyclohexyl, chlorocyclohexyl, cyclopentenyl or cyclopentantadienyl; or a heterocyclic radical, such as pyridyl, picolyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, carbazolyl, furyl, thienyl, thianaphthyl, benzofuranyl, or dibenzofuranyl.  Examples of suitable boron compounds are phenylboronic acid, phenylboronic acid anhydride, phenylene-1,4-diboronic acid, naphthalene - 1,4 - diboronic acid, diphenylboronic acid, ditolylboronic acid, and bis-(di - 2 - ethylhexylammonium) phenylboronate.  The lead compound may be tetraethyl lead, ethyltrimethyl lead, diethyldimethyl lead, triethylmethyl lead and tetramethyl lead. The fuel may contain 0.5 to 5 mls. of lead compound, and 0.1 to 3.0 theories of the boron compound based on the lead content of the fuel.  The fuel may also contain a sulphur or phosphorus compound.  The sulphur compound may be dimethyl disulphide, methylethyl disulphide, diethyl disulphide, diethylthioether, diisopropylthioether, thiocyclobutane, thiocyclopentane, thiocyclohexane, thiocycloheptane, thiophene, 2-methylthiophene, 3-methylthiophene, 3 - ethylthiophene, 2,4 - dimethylthiophene, thiophthene or thionaphthene.  The phosphorus compound may be tri-methyl, -ethyl, -propyl or -butyl phosphate or phosphite, triphenyl-, tri - (4 - ethylphenyl) -, tri - (4 - tert. - butyl phenyl)-, trixylenyl-, tri-2-naphthyl-, tri-(4 - isopropyl - 1 - naphthyl) -, tribenzyl -, tri - (trichlorophenyl) - or tri - (4 - chlorobenzyl) - orthophosphate, diisoamyl cyclohexylorthophosphate, dibutyl phenylorthophosphate, 2-naphthyl diphenylorthophosphate, triphenylphosphite, tricresylthiophosphate, dicresylpropylphosphonate, tris(chloropropyl) - thionophosphonate, or tritolyl orthophosphate.  The fuel may contain 0.5 to 6 theories of the sulphur or phosphorus compound based on the lead content of the fuel.  The fuel may also contain hydroquinone, dimethyl-6-tertiarybutyl phenol, 2,6 - ditertiary - butyl - 4 - methyl phenol, N - phenyl - a  - naphthylamine, N,N1 - dibutyl - p - phenylene - diamine, monomethylaniline, dimethylaniline, ethylenedichloride or ethylenedibromide.  The fuel may be a gasoline, or a fuel consisting of or containing benzene, toluene, or alcohols or ethers.  In examples, compositions contain tetraethyl lead, phenylboronic acid, phenyl boronic acid anhydride, sulphur compounds occurring in crude oil, and tritolyl phosphate.