baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-640096-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of valuable products from solid carbonaceous materials
IPC: C10J3/46
Filed: 1947-07-07
Abstract: 640,096. Distilling and gasifying solid carbonaceous materials. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO. July 7, 1947, No. 17938. Addition to 585,354. Drawings to Specification. [Class 55(i)] An improvement in the parent Specification which comprises treating the solid residue from the distillation zone with steam and air or oxygen in a fluidized gasification zone to produce a gaseous fuel and withdrawing hot solid residue from the gasification zone and passing it in heat exchange relationship with a gas comprising oxygen and/or steam, this gas being thereafter supplied to the distillation zone or to the distillation and gasification zones. Gas-oil or other hydrocarbons may be added to the gasification zone to enrich the gaseous products obtained therefrom. Specifications 586,391 and 611,924 are referred to..
Patent GB-107724-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with Suspending Devices for Wearing Apparel.
Inventor: BARNES CHARLES STEPHEN
IPC: A41F19/00
Filed: 1916-12-18
Abstract: 107,724. Barnes, C. S. Dec. 18, 1916. Fastening wearing- apparel; straps and bands. - To retain a belt in position around trousers and to enable the trousers to be raised slightly, for example in muddyy weather, the belt g is retained within a number of adjustable twopart metal devices, each consisting of an upper part a and a lower part b, each part being attached to the trousers f by any fastening e, o. The part a has a hinge i, and has a number. preferably two, of slotted openings j, j<1>, into either of which a stud or the like k on the lower part b can be placed. Fig. 2 shows the belt and trousers as usually arranged. Fig. 4 shows them when raised.
Patent GB-596045-A (GB)
Title: Improved bearing and spindle or shaft lubricating arrangement, particularly for machine tools
IPC: F16N7/38
Filed: 1945-07-16
Abstract: 596,045. Bearing lubrication systems. BUGATTI, E. July 16, 1945, No. 18177. Convention date, Sept. 12, 1944. [Classes 12 (i) and 12 (iii)] The portion of a shaft extending through a bearing is provided at its middle with a pair of oppositely-handed spaced worm threads which serve to displace towards the two ends of the shaft the lubricant which is pumped to the space between the two worm threads by a pump driven from one of the worm threads and drawing from a reservoir within the bearing body. As shown in axial section, Fig. 1, and enlarged transverse section, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. a grinding-machine shaft 1 is supported in a bearing 2 of cylindrical exterior form adapted to be clamped on a semicylindrical cradle or inserted in circular holes in a frame. The shaft has a reduced middle portion 15 with oppositely handed worm threads 12, 13, thereon which serve to deliver oil to the journal surfaces 16, 18, such oil being first pumped from a reservior 36 formed within the bearing to the space 60 around the shaft and separating the two worn threads by a gear wheel pump 26-27 driven from the shaft 1 through a helical gear wheel 14 meshing with the worm 13. The gear-wheel pump casing 22 is housed in a recess 31 of the bearing 2 and is secured therein by a base-plate closure piece 28 shaped on the exterior to the cylindrical exterior of the bearing. Oil leaking from the outer ends of the journal surfaces 16, 18 is returned to the reservoir 36 by flinger collars 66, 73, the latter being formed on a sleeve of the driving pulley 7. The flinger collars 66, 73 throw off the leaking oil to pockets 67, 72 formed by end closure members 61a, 62a, the pockets being connected with the reservoir by ducts 69, 70. A spring-loaded ball 47 adjacent the reduced bore entry 46 to the space 60 from the pump delivery duct 41 serves as a by-pass valve to return excess oil to the reservoir 36. A filling cap 57 with key recess 58 is provided for the reservoir.
Patent GB-248998-A (GB)
Title: Process for obtaining milk sugar from whey
IPC: C13K5/00
Filed: 1925-07-17
Abstract: 248,998. Bloxam, A. G., (Elektro-Osmose Akt.-Ges. Graf Schwerin Ges.). July 17. 1925. Lactose.-Lactose is prepared from whey by neutralizing the whey until it is approximately at th( true neutral point, 'bringing it to a temperature which promotes coagulation of the albumens, acidifying at this temperature, and, after removal of the precipitated albumens, treating the liquid electro-osmotically. In the form described, the whey is neutralized with sodium carbonate, boiled for a very short time, acidified gradually with a strong acid, e.g. hydrochloric or sulphuric acid, and filtered. The filtrate is treated with an adsorption agent, such as clay or kaolin, to free it further from albumens, and then subjected between diaphragms to the action of a continuous electric current, in the form of a layer thin in the direction of the current, until it is practically free from salts and from diffusible degradation products of the albumens, and is subsequently evaporated to dryness in a vacuum or by spraying. Pure lactose may be obtained by one recrystallization. The electro-osmotic treatment may be effected by circulating the liquid by a pump P from a reservoir S through a compartment M separated from compartments An, Kn, through which water flows continually, by the anodic and kathodic diaphragms. The compartments may be formed by frames arranged in a filter press. The anodic diaphragm may consist of animal membranes, such as hide or skin, animal bladder, gut, &c., and the kathodic diaphragm of woven vegetable material, e.g. cotton fabric. The electric treatment mav be made continuous by omitting the reservoir S and using a number of the electro osmotic cells in the manner of a filter press. During this treatment, which should not be too prolonged, the whey is not allowed to become too acid and its temperature is kept below 40‹ C. A specific example of the process is described.
Patent GB-708605-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to an outer race for a ball bearing assembly
IPC: F16C33/58
Filed: 1952-07-21
Abstract: 708,605. Ball bearings. RAYBESTOS-MANHATTAN, Inc. July 21, 1952 [July 21, 1951], No. 18343/52. Class 12(1) The outer race 5 of a ball bearing assembly comprises an annular disc 7 having a pair of divergent annular flanges 9 at its periphery, the flanges being disposed at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to each other, and at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the plane of the disc. The inner races 12, 17 are screwed on to a shaft 1 and have annular surfaces 16 of greater radius of curvature than that of the balls. The bearing is particularly for a roller skate wheel wherein a tyre 6 is of a composition which can be moulded upon the outer race member 5.
Patent GB-722499-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a felt hardening machine
IPC: D04H17/12
Filed: 1952-11-17
Abstract: 722,499. Felt. AMERICAN FELT CO. Nov. 17, 1952, No. 18357/53. Divided out of 722,490. Class 42 (2). In a felt hardening machine, of the type in which material under treatment is subjected to pressure in passing between upper rollers 20 and lower rollers 21, a pair of alternate upper rollers 20 are reciprocated axially by thrust bearings in housings 29 attached to a reciprocating yoke 50. The adjacent pair of rollers 20 are similarly reciprocated, 180 degrees out of phase with the first-mentioned rollers 20, by a yoke 51 located on the opposite side of the machine. The shaft 28 of each roller 20 is axiallyslidable in journal bearings in housings 26 and one end of the shaft carries bearing surfaces 79 forming part of the corresponding thrust bearing. Yoke 50 is reciprocated by means of a crank 49, one end of which embraces an eccentric on a driven shaft 48; the other end of crank 49 is pivotally connected to yoke 50 through a metal-sheathed resilient bushing. Yoke 51 is similarly reciprocated from a shaft 56 which may be driven, as shown, from the same source as shaft 84 or may be independently driven. The invention is described in connection with the machine described in Specifications 722,490 and 722,500.
Patent GB-874349-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to semiconductor devices
Inventor: GALBRAITH REGINALD THOMAS
IPC: H01L21/18
Filed: 1959-05-29
Abstract: 874,349. Semiconductor devices. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. May 27, 1960 [May 29, 1959], No. 18357/59. Class 37. A very small PN junction is made in a semiconductor wafer 1 by providing the wafer with both an oxide and a wax coating, positioning the wax to expose a small area of oxide, removing the exposed oxide and forming the PN junction in the exposed area. Fig. 1 (a) shows a silicon wafer which has been polished mechanically and on which is formed an oxide layer by heating the wafer in an atmosphere containing oxygen. The coating thickness is about 5000 Š and is determined by optical interference methods. The slice is coated with paraffin wax 3 (Fig. 1 (c)). A sewing needle of .018 inches diameter then punctures the wax 3 (Fig. 1 (d)) under spring control so that the wafer is not damaged. The oxide coating below the puncture is then removed by a hydrofluoric acid etch (Fig. 1 (e).), the size of the junction being determined not by the needle area but by the etching period. The remainder of the wax film is removed (Fig. 1 (f)) and the junction is formed by depositing a layer of boric acid 4 (Fig. 1 (g)) on the oxide and heating it for 1¢ hours at 1220‹ C. in an atmosphere of wet oxygen. Boron diffuses into the wafer to form the junction (Fig. 1 (h)) and electrical contact is made by evaporation of copper to which a lead wire may be soldered. The rest of the boric oxide and silicon oxide are removed by a hydrofluoric acid wash (Fig. 1 (i)). The oxide coating may be produced by an electrolytic etching process using acetic acid and can be removed by an acid vapour, spraying or floating in acid instead of total immersion. The Specification states that a ring-shaped electrode might be made by penetrating the wax with a thin-walled tube.
Patent GB-145990-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved wheel for motor cars and other road vehicles
IPC: B60B25/16
Filed: 1919-07-24
Abstract: 145,990. Titterton, F., and Griffin, A. J. July 24, 1919. Disk wheels.-In wheels of the type comprising two disks a, b formed or provided with complementary parts of the rim, the disks are connected together near their peripheries by headed studs on one engaging keyhole slots in the other. In the construction described, a ring c of L-section arranged as shown is riveted at d to the disk a and is provided with the slots e with which engage the studs f carried by the other disk b. Reverse relative rotation of the parts is prevented by bolts passing through holes l, m provided in the centre parts of the disks and adapted to register when the studs are in position in the narrow parts of the slots. The bolts may be those that are employed to secure the wheel on the hub. Wood or other suitable filling pieces j. k may be inserted in the centre of the wheel and be retained by the metal liners cf the holes l, m being riveted over at the ends. Driving-studs s may be provided on one of the wheel parts. The valve tube of the tyre may be provided with a flexible pipe or other connexion with the outside of the wheel, or a hole, closed by a slide, may be provided in a disk to allow access to the valve.
Patent GB-200840-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in teats for feeding bottles and the like
IPC: A61J11/00
Filed: 1923-07-17
Abstract: 200,840. Dreyfus, S. July 17, 1922, [Convention date]. Feeding-bottles, teats for.- In a teat formed of elastic material for a feeding-bottle &c., the nipple a is substantially solid and of short length, the extent of its entry into the child's mouth being limited by a base c of larger diameter with an integral tube d for connection to the bottle &c. The nipple a has a central passage b leading to a channel through the base c which is also solid. The teat is made of india-rubber, gutta percha, &c. and its form is such that the teat is adapted for axial movement to allow feeding to proceed in the natural manner.
Patent GB-1077799-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the preparation of cyanoalkylation products of cellulose
IPC: C08L1/28
Filed: 1965-05-03
Abstract: Cyanoalkylation products of cellulose are prepared by reacting alkali cellulose with an unsaturated nitrile having one of the double bond carbons directly connected to the cyanide group in the presence of an inert organic solvent for the nitrile, said solvent being an alcohol, an ether, a ketone, an ester, or a mixture of two or more of these solvents.  The solvent is liquid at room temperature and readily miscible with water.  The reaction is carried out with sufficient cooling to keep the reaction temperature below 25 DEG C.  If fibrous end products are desired, fibrous alkali celluloses are used and may be prepared by any conventional process. The nitrile may be a mono-nitrile such as acrylonitrile or crotonic acid nitrile or a dinitrile such as vinylidene cyanide or maleic acid dinitrile. In an example, alkali cellulose prepared in a conventional manner from 480 grams of dry cellulose and from which the excess alkali has been pressed out is moistened with 60 grams of isopropyl alcohol and 320 grams of acrylonitrile are added in small portions at a time with stirring and cooling.  After about 24 hours the 800 grams of cyanoethyl cellulose thereby produced is washed with water.  The dry product contains 10% of nitrogen and is completely soluble in dimethyl formamide at ordinary temperatures.  Fibres may be cast from the solution, the solvent being removed by evaporation (see Division B5).
Patent GB-886756-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transistors
Inventor: DAVIS BRIAN ANTHONY IVOR
IPC: H01L23/04
Filed: 1959-05-29
Abstract: 886,756. Transistors; circuit assemblies. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Aug. 29, 1960 [May 29, 1959; Sept. 4, 1959], Nos. 18473/59 and 30350/59. Class 37. An hermetically-sealed transistor comprises an envelope of two insulating tubes having a metallic plate electrode sandwiched between them, the ends of the tubes being sealed by metallic members which are connected to the second and third electrodes of the transistor Fig. 1 shows a germanium wafer 1 with emitter and collector indium electrodes 2 and 3, which is soldered to an annular plate 4 with lugs 6 and 7, forming the base electrode. Two ceramic tubes 8 and 9 are sealed to plate 4 and their outer ends are sealed to two annular discs 10 and 11 which are sealed to further metal discs 12 and 13 which close the ends of tubes 8 and 9. Discs 10 and 11 have lugs 14, 15 connected to the indium electrodes 2 and 3. The envelope is surrounded by further coaxial tubes 19 and 20 bearing a metallic pattern, whereby two contact areas 22 are connected to disc 12 and thus to the emitter electrode, two other contact areas 23 are connected to the base electrode 4. The encased transistor may be inserted in an aperture in an insulating plate bearing a printed circuit, the pattern being extended to the contact areas on the transistor; the choice of two areas for each of the emitter and base electrodes avoids crossover connections.
Patent GB-764003-A (GB)
Title: Construction of a single-track vehicle
IPC: B62J25/00
Filed: 1954-06-24
Abstract: 764,003. Convertible cycles. KREIDLER, A. June 24, 1954 [June 26, 1953], No. 18508/54. Class 136(3). In a cycle usable optionally as an engineassisted pedal cycle or as a lightweight motor cycle, the gear box housing 4 is provided with a side recess 7 into which extends one end 8 of a gear shaft adapted for attachment of a kickstarter device when the cycle is to be used as a light-weight motor cycle, and a cover plate for closing the recess when the device is not attached and the cycle is to be used as an engine-assisted pedal cycle. When assembled as an engine assisted pedal cycle as shown in Fig. 2, a pedal crank 9 is mounted in a bearing 3. If it is intended to assemble the same vehicle as a light-weight motor cycle a stationary axle 12 is inserted into the bearing 3 in lieu of the crank 9. Foot rests 12a and a brake lever 13 are mounted on the end of the axle 12. A chain sprocket 14, to which a kickstarter 15 is attached, is also mounted on the axle 12. A chain sprocket 18 is attached to the tapered end portion 8 of the gear shaft to impart unidirectional rotation to the gear shaft by means of a ratchet and a return spring (not shown). The chain sprocket 18 is connected to the chain sprocket 14 by a chain 19.
Patent GB-984314-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in devices for supplying stabilised voltages
IPC: H02M3/337
Filed: 1962-05-15
Abstract: 984,314. Automatic voltage control. C. I. T. COMPAGNIE INDUSTRIELLE DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS. May 15, 1962 [May 26, 1961] No. 18708/62. Heading G3R. [Also in Division H2] A direct voltage regulator for supplying one or more stabilized voltages comprises a transformer having a primary winding the ends of which are connected to a D.C. source over switching transistors controlled in dependence upon an error voltage by an arrangement including a multivibrator, a bi-stable trigger and two AND circuits, the regulator operating to maintain constant voltages at the terminals of loads connected over rectifiers to secondary windings of the transformer. As shown, the two ends of the primary winding 10,10<SP>1</SP> of a transformer 11 are connected over the collector/emitter paths of transistors 2,3 to one pole of a D.C. source the other pole of which is connected by an earth to the mid-point of the winding. Secondary windings 12, 12<SP>1</SP> supply, over rectifiers 13, 13<SP>1</SP>, loads 16, 16<SP>1</SP> the voltages across which are to be maintained constant. A further secondary winding 120 supplies, over a rectifier 13 0 , an output voltage V to one diagonal of a bridge formed by three resistors 16 1 , 16 2 , 20 and a Zener diode 18. The emitter and base of a transistor 17 are connected across the other diagonal of the bridge, so that the impedance of transistor 17 is controlled by an error signal which is the difference between voltage V and the reference voltage derived from Zener diode 18. The transistor 17 is connected as a load impedance of a multivibrator 9 which thus supplies an asymmetrical square wave in dependence upon the error signal. The output from the multivibrator 9 is applied to a bi-stable trigger circuit 8 and to two AND circuits 5, 7 each of which also receives an input from the circuit 8. The outputs from the AND circuits 5, 7 are respectively applied over amplifiers 4 and 6 to the bases of transistors 2 and 3. The arrangement is such that the square wave output from the multivibrator controls the trigger circuit and the AND circuits in such a manner that transistor 2 is conductive and transistor 3 non conductive, then vice-versa, and so on in alternating sequence, the ON/OFF time ratio depending on the multivibrator output and thus on the error signal, whereby the output of the regulator is maintained constant.
Patent GB-660953-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in jet propelled aircraft
IPC: F02K1/54
Filed: 1949-07-15
Abstract: 660,953. Jet propulsion plant. OFFICE NATIONAL D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AERONAUTIQUES. (O.N.E.R.A.). July 15, 1949 [July 22, 1948], No. 18717/49. Class 110(iii) [Also in Group XXXIII] In a jet-propelled aircraft a portion of the air delivered by a compressor is fed to combustion chambers supplying rearwardly directed propelling jets and forwardly directed braking jets respectively. As shown the aircraft is fitted with a turbojet engine 4, the compressor 3 being put into communication, by a valve 9, with the combustion chamber 7a of propulsion jets at the trailing edges of the wings or with the combustion chambers 7b of braking jets at the wing leading edges. The propulsion nozzles are mounted on movable flaps 11, the trailing edges of which carry members 12 which upon displacement from their rested position, form suction passages f for boundary layer suction and thrust augmentation. In normal flight the outlets of the braking nozzles are closed by hinged flaps v.
Patent GB-1499223-A (GB)
Title: Non-return flap valve
IPC: F16K15/03
Filed: 1976-05-07
Abstract: 1499223 Valves GUSTAV F GERDTS KG 7 May 1976 [4 July 1975] 18739/76 Heading F2V A non-return valve has a closure flap 5 pivoted by a spindle 6 for which a bearing element 8 is provided in the outlet passage 4, the bearing element being of bent metal strip having cheeks 13 with recesses 14 to receive the spindle ends. As shown the strip is fitted into a groove 7 in the outlet passage and extends over an arc of more than 180 degrees. To prevent rotation in the groove the strip has notches 9 to fit lugs 10 which may be formed by deforming the material bounding the groove. The strip may alternatively be secured by screws (22) Fig. 3 (not shown). Springs 15 may be pivoted to the strip by holes 17 and engage the flap at their Z shaped ends 18, 19, 20 which pass through holes in a lug 21. The springs are compressed between lug 21 and holes 17 thus providing a closing moment on the flap about its pivot.
Patent GB-1134963-A (GB)
Title: Separating catalyst particles from hydroxylamine salt solution
IPC: B01D35/02
Filed: 1967-04-24
Abstract: 1,134,963. Hydroxyl ammonium sulphate. INVENTA A.G. FœR FORSCHUNG UND PATENTVERWERTUNG. 24 April, 1967 [22 April, 1966], No. 18799/67. Heading C1A. [Also in Division B1] Hydroxyl ammonium sulphate solution is formed by the hydrogenation of nitric oxide in a sulphuric acid solution using a platinum on carbon catalyst. To prevent the reaction going too far, the catalyst is separated from the solution by feeding the reaction mixture into a filter unit through entrance 1 at a rate such that some of the solution flows past filter 4 carrying the catalyst with it, thus preventing deposition of the catalyst on the filter and any unnecessary prolongation of the contact between catalyst and solution. The hydroxylammonium sulphate solution is withdrawn at 3.
Patent GB-1093287-A (GB)
Title: Tool for laying and smoothing putty and the like in glazing
IPC: E04F21/32
Filed: 1965-05-05
Abstract: 1,093,287. Putty smoothing tool. F. W. CROPPER. June 22, 1966 [May 5, 1965], No. 18898/65. Heading E1S. A tool for smoothing putty in glazing comprises a central handle and oppositely disposed upwardly and outwardly inclined blades the ends of which are at substantially 35‹ 16' to the normal to produce an accurately mitred joint between two strips of putty at the corner of a window. The handle may be the curved middle of a strip of metal the ends of which form the blades or the handle may be attached to the flat middle of a metal strip or the two blades may be inset into a central handle. In a further modification a handle is attached to a strip bent to an obtuse angle.
Patent GB-993141-A (GB)
Title: Methods of producing projection transparencies and sheet materials for use in the methods
IPC: B41M5/382
Filed: 1961-05-25
Abstract: A transparent plastics support is coated with a layer comprising 1 part by weight of dye to 2-5 parts by weight of polymeric binder.  In the examples, a polyethylene terephthalate support is coated with either ethyl cellulose or vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer and either methylene blue or a calco oil dye.  The dye layer may contain a plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate.  Specification 829,002 is referred to.