Patent GB-960473-A (GB)
Title: A process for improving the properties of halogen-containing thermoplastic polymers
IPC: C08F8/40
Filed: 1961-10-23
Abstract: Compositions and moulding elements comprising thermoplastic halogen-containing homopolymers, or copolymers of the monomers that form such homopolymers, are reacted at elevated temperature with at least one phosphorous acid or a derivative of such an acid, and with at least one polyamine, two amino groups of which each have at least one hydrogen atom linked directly to the nitrogen atom, or wherein the polymers are reacted with the salt of such a phosphorous acid or acid derivative with such a polyamine. Preferably the reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one compound that contains epoxy groups and canot be cross-linked. The phosphorous acids may be ortho-, meta- and para-phosphorous acids, or polymeric phosphorous acids such as diphosphorous acid or hypo-diphosphorous acid or mixtures of any of the above phosphorous acids with other acids of phosphorus in higher or lower valency states, e.g. diphosphoric acid, hypo-phosphorous acid and the polymeric acids of phosphorus.  The derivatives of the phosphorous acids can be semi-esters or partial esters of such acids with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols having up to 18 carbon atoms. They may, if desired, be the salts obtained by reacting the acid with the polyamine to give an acid salt and replacing the remaining acidic hydrogen atoms by divalent or polyvalent metals. The polymers may be treated before or after shaping.  The reaction may be carried out in the presence of one or more oxides of divalent or polyvalent metals.  The following are considered as reaction products of phosphorous acids with diamines and/or polyamines, neutral, acid and basic salts, amides prepared from the salts and compounds having the structural element <FORM:0960473/C3/1> where R1 and R11 are the same or different and are branched or straight chain alkyl radicals with 2 to 18 carbon atoms, aryl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl radicals or corresponding radicals with hereto atoms and R11 can also be hydrogen, contained at least twice in the compound. The salts can also be prepared from the semi- or partial esters of the phosphorous acid. Alternatively the acid and amine can be caused to react separately on the polymer.  Lists of polymers, diamines and polyamines, epoxides and metal oxides are given and there are numerous examples.  In addition any or some of the following compounds may be concurrently used in the treatment of the polymers: - compounds containing at least two C-N=C groups in a non-cyclic bond in the molecule and/or a dimethylol compound and an isocyanate; methylols of diamines, polyamines and amides; reaction products of diamines and polyamines with ketones or aldehydes or reaction products of nitroso compounds with compounds having at least one methylene group containing active hydrogen atoms, either reaction products optionally being used with sulphur or organic sulphur compounds. Stabilizers, fillers, dyestuffs, pigments, plasticizers and/or lubricants may be added.  High temperatures, usually from 80 to 250 DEG C. and a treatment time of 2 hours or less are used for carrying out the reaction and the mixture formed is drawn out as a foil.  Alternatively the reaction may be carried out under tensile stress or also with stretching.  The concurrent use of blowing agents, e.g. benzene sulphhydrazide in quantities of 3 to 20%, calculated on the total composition, can be used to produce hard or elastic foams. Specifications 947,581 and 947,584 are referred to.