Patent GB-981431-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to character recognition systems and arrangements
Inventor: CLOWES MAXWELL BERNARD
IPC: G06V10/20
Filed: 1960-05-20
Abstract: 981,431. Automatic character reading. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. May 15, 1961 [May 20, 1960; Dec. 21, 1960], Nos. 17992/60 and 43923/60. Heading G4R. In apparatus for recognising characters the character is compared with an image of itself which is moved along a scanning path over the character and the amount of overlap in different positions is determined. In Fig. 1 the image I is moved in a small circle over the character and the overlapping parts are shown in black. The amount of overlap in each angular position is plotted in Fig. 2 and this pattern is unique for the character "2". The character may be treated in three zones S1, S2, S3 Fig. 3 and the overlap in each zone determined to produce three curves as shown in Fig. 4. In the apparatus of Fig. 9, light from a lamp L passes through a lens CR and is reflected from a half-mirror BS1 on to a transparency F bearing the character as a transparent area. The illuminated image of the character is reflected back by a corner-cube mirror C C M on to the transparency. The mirror CCM is positioned so that the reflected image is displaced with respect to the character in the transparency and it is rotated by a motor EM1 so that it moves in a circle as in Fig. 1. The light returning through the transparency, which represents the overlapping areas would have an amplitude as in Fig. 2 and is received in a lens M. This light may be split by a half-mirror BS2 and projected into two slotted stops ST1 and ST2 which rotate with the mirror C C M. Light passing through the stops is received in photo-cells PC1 and PC2 each of which produces a signal corresponding to a zone of the character are e.g. S1, S2 Figs. 3, 4. In another form optical comparison is performed by tilted half-mirrors on each side of the character transparency. The character is rotated and photocells are positioned to detect comparisons with a first displaced image I, Fig. 7 and a second displaced image 12 and if desired with further images. The signals from two photo-cells are combined as shown in Fig. 12 by being subtracted and the resultant signal is applied to a C.R.T. to produce overlap signals shown on the screen as vertical lines along a horizontal time scale. The trace is projected by lens O1 on to a film strip having a number of tracks one for each possible character, the arrangement being such that the trace lines will correspond most closely to the track for the corresponding character and a high output will appear from the associated photo-cell B P C. This is detected by meters M. 10 &c. one of which will have a higher reading than the others. In another arrangement a rotatable character may be illuminated by red light and sensed by a television camera, the character image being reconstituted on a C.R.T. and projected on to the character in a displaced position and in green light. The reflected green light is received by a photo-cell and used as a representation of the overlap. In Fig. 15 the character on a rotatable carrier is scanned by a raster of parallel lines by a C.R.T. The signal received by the photo-cell PC1 is passed to a delay line DL1 and is compared at MRC with itself displaced in the direction of the scan lines. The comparison detects overlap conditions between the character and the displaced image. Further delaylines may be inserted to simulate further displaced images. Instead of rotating the character, the scanning raster may be rotated by means of a rotating prism or by control voltages applied to the scanning C.R.T.