baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent IE-893089-L (IE)
Title: Intercellular adhesion molecules, and their binding ligands
IPC: C07K14/705
Filed: 1989-09-27
Abstract: The present invention relates to intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) which are involved in the process through which lymphocytes recognize and migrate to sites of inflammation as well as attach to cellular substrates during inflammation. The invention is directed toward such molecules, screening assays for identifying such molecules and antibodies capable of binding such molecules. The invention also includes uses for adhesion molecules and for the antibodies that are capable of binding them.
Patent NO-803757-L (NO)
Inventor: RINK HANS
IPC: C07K14/575
Filed: 1980-12-12
Abstract: Acylpeptides derived from somatostatin or from a derivative thereof having analogous action, in which the amino acids sequence is modified by omitting individual amino acids and/or by exchanging them for other amino acids, and in which the  epsilon -amino group of the lysine residue in the 9-position, and optionally also the  epsilon -amino group of the lysine residue in the 4-position and/or the N-terminal  alpha -amino group carries the acyl radical of an optionally substituted alkanecarboxylic acid, and salts and complexes thereof can be used as antidiabetics and/or for combating gastrointestinal bleeding. They are manufactured by conventional methods of peptide chemistry.
Patent NO-813378-L (NO)
Inventor: FROST DAVID
IPC: C09K8/32
Filed: 1981-10-06
Abstract: A fluid loss reducing additive for an oil-based, well-working fluid is produced by mixing together lignite or humic acid with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible amine salt, amide-amine or amide-amine salt containing at least one alkyl, alkenyl or acyl radical having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms in a straight chain, in an oil or oil-based fluid at a temperature not greater than 70 DEG C, preferably not greater than 50 DEG C.
Patent NO-822199-L (NO)
Inventor: GUTH JACOB J
IPC: C07C51/41
Filed: 1982-06-28
Abstract: Novel amphoteric-alkoxylated carboxylate complexes are described as well as detergent compositions containing said complexes.
Patent NO-844628-L (NO)
Inventor: LINNETT PAUL ERIC
IPC: A23K10/32
Filed: 1984-11-21
Abstract: Process for the preparation of oligosaccharides-containing products from biomass involving the use of hydrochloric acid for partly hydrolysing biomass to easily fermentable oligosaccharides-containing products and easy recovery of the hydrochloric acid and the oligosaccharides containing products.The oligosaccharides-containing products themselves and use of the latter for the preparation of useful products like ethanol and penicillin by fermentation.
Patent NO-850912-L (NO)
Inventor: MOURRIER FRANCIS
IPC: B30B11/24
Filed: 1985-03-07
Abstract: The material-processing machine comprises at least a screw (11) driven in rotation inside a sleeve (1) and constituted by a central driving shaft (2) on which are mounted a plurality of screw elements (3) forming a stack of adjoining elements clamped between an abutment and clamping means placed respectively at the two ends of the shaft (2). The clamping means (4, 5) are arranged in such manner as to exert on the stack of screw elements (3) a prestressing force capable of opposing the separation of the screw elements (3) from each other in operation of the machine. The invention is especially applicable to the construction of screw extruders.
Patent NO-854765-L (NO)
Inventor: JACOBSEN TROND
IPC: A61K49/00
Filed: 1985-11-28
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/NO85/00017 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 31, 1985 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 31, 1985 PCT Filed Mar. 28, 1985 PCT Pub. No. WO85/04330 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 10, 1985.Ferromagnetic particles, conveniently embedded in or coated by a biotolerable polymer and held in dispersion in a physiologically acceptable dispersion medium, may be used as contrast agents in nmr imaging for the production of images suitable for use in diagnosis. Unlike paramagnetic nmr contrast agents, ferromagnetic nmr contrast agents give particularly good contrast in the T2 dependent images.
Patent NO-855045-L (NO)
Inventor: FERRARESI ANDREA
IPC: C08F279/02
Filed: 1985-12-16
Abstract: Graft copolymers are prepared by means of a two-step polymerization process, in emulsion: in the first step, a vinyfaromatic monomer and an acryi or metacryl monomer are grafted on a monomodal polybutadiene latex constituted of particles of diameter comprised within the range of from 800 to 2500 Å. The polymerization/grafting reaction is continued up to a 70-90% conversion, at which time a further portion of monomodal polybutadiene is added, together with further amounts of said monomers, always in emulsion.
Patent NO-873194-L (NO)
Inventor: HEYWOOD CLIFFORD
IPC: G02B6/44
Filed: 1987-07-30
Abstract: In the manufacture of a cable having a plurality of filamentary members (8) such as wires, optical fibres or the like within an extruded thermoplastic sheath (11.1), the members (8) are twisted into a periodically reversing helical configuration immediately prior to the extrusion of the sheath (11.1) around them. The extruded sheath (11.1) is rapidly cooled on emergence from the extruder head (1) so as to cause the extrudate (11) to set and thereby retain the members (8) in the twisted condition.
Patent NO-901494-L (NO)
Inventor: MISRA RAJ NARAIN
IPC: A61P7/00
Filed: 1990-04-02
Abstract: Interphenylene 7-oxabicycloheptane substituted prostaglandin analogs are provided which are useful in treating thrombotic and vasospastic disease and have the structural formula <CHEM>  wherein  m is 1, 2 or 3;  n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; Y is O, vinyl or a single bond, with the proviso that when n is 0, Y is a single bond; R is CO2H, CO2alkali metal, CO2lower alkyl, CH2OH, CONHSO2R<3>, CONHR<3a> or 5-tetrazolyl, with the proviso that when R is 5-tetrazolyl, n is other than 0;  X is O, S or NH; R<1> is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, saturated heterocycle, saturated heterocyclicalkyl, aromatic heterocycle, aromatic heterocyclicalkyl or amido; each optionally substituted with an alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl; and R<2> is hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, or R<1> and R<2> together with the N to which they are linked form a 5- to 8- membered ring; R<3> is lower alkyl, aryl or aralkyl and R<3a> is hydrogen, lower alkyl, aroyl or aralkyl.
Patent NO-912411-L (NO)
Title: Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av bicykliske heterocykliske forbindelser.
Inventor: BRUNEAU PIERRE ANDRE RAYMOND
IPC: A61P37/08
Filed: 1991-06-20
Abstract: Oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av en bicyklisk heterocyklisk forbindelse med formel I. hvor Q er en eventuelt substituert 10-leddet bicyklisk heterocyklisk del som inneholder ett eller to nitrogenatomer og et ytterligere oksygen- eller svovel-heteroatom;. Ai er en direkte binding til Xeller utgjør (l-3C)alkylen;. Xer oksy, tio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl eller imino;. Ar er eventuelt substituert fenylen eller pyridylen;. Rer (l-4C)alkyl, (3-4C)alkenyl eller (3-4C)alkynyl; og. R2 og3 sammen danner en gruppe med formel -AX2-A, som sammen med karbonatomet som A2 og Aer tilknyttet, utgjør en ring med 5 til 7 ringatomer, hvor2 oghver er (l-3C)alkylen, og Xer oksy, tio, sulfinyl eller sulfonyl;. eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt derav.Forbindelsene fremstillet i henhold til oppfinnelsen er hemmere av enzymet 5-lipoksygenase.
Patent NO-914117-L (NO)
Inventor: ADAMS JR JOHN BENJAMIN
IPC: C07D263/44
Filed: 1991-10-18
Abstract: A method of controlling plant disease using thioxooxazolidinones, oxazolidinediones and related heterocycles, some of which are new, and agriculturally suitable compositions containing them.
Patent NO-922498-L (NO)
Inventor: JACOBS III WILLIAM
IPC: C09D7/12
Filed: 1992-06-24
Abstract: Described is an improved process for the preparation of fully methylolated, substantially fully etherified, and substantially monomeric tetramethoxymethylglycoluril useful as a crosslinking agent for powder coatings. The improved process adds after the conventional steps of methylolation and etherification the new steps of acidic distillation followed by an additional etherification.
Patent NO-930637-L (NO)
Inventor: GHISELLINI RENATO
IPC: C08L23/14
Filed: 1993-02-23
Abstract: Polyolefin compositions having good transparancy and impact resistance even at low temperatures comprising (by weight):   A) from 25 to 95 parts of a crystalline random copolymer of propylene with ethylene and/or another  alpha -olefin, containing more than 85% by weight of propylene, and having Haze values lower than 25%; and B) from 5 to 75 parts of a component comprising (a) an elastomeric copolymer of ethylene with propylene and/or another  alpha -olefin, and optionally with minor proportions of a diene, containing 20-80 parts of ethylene, and (b) one or more of the polymers selected from LLDPE, LDPE, HDPE, having a Melt Index higher than 0.5 g/10 min., said (a) and (b) being present in such proportions that the ratio between the density of (A) and calculated average density of (B) is from 0.980 to 1.015. i
Patent NO-933971-L (NO)
Title: Leveringssystem med kontrollert for-lenget frigivelse for roeykeopp hoer
Inventor: KITCHELL JUDITH A
IPC: A61K9/70
Filed: 1993-11-03
Abstract: Det beskrives et medikamentleveringssystem som er nyttig for å hjelpe individer i å slutte å røyke eller tygge nikotinholdige produkter. Leveringssystemet omfatter et fysisk tvunget moduleringssystem (PCMS) inneholdende lobelin. Medikament-leveringssystemet er i stand til å levere lobelin til et individ på en kontrollert, forlenget frigivende måte og tilveiebringer langstids terapeutiske mengder lobelin til individet. Leveringen av lobelin på en slik måte reduserer eller eliminerer individets røyke- eller tyggevaner. PCMS kan være en biologisk nedbrytbar polymer inneholdende lobelinet som kan injiseres subkutant eller intramuskulært eller implanteres inn i individet, eller kan være del av et trans-dermalt plaster inneholdende lobelin. Det beskrives også fremgangsmåter for anvendelse av medikamentleveringssystemene og sett inneholdende medikamentleveringssystemene.
Patent NO-934379-L (NO)
Inventor: VANDEN BERGHE DIRK A
IPC: A61K35/74
Filed: 1993-12-02
Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing an additive that is rich in trace-elements, which method comprises the steps of: a) providing a culture medium to which the trace element or compound thereof is additionally added: b) culturing the micro-organism in the culture medium such that the micro-organism accumulates the trace-element: c) separating the trace-element from the culture. The method is particularly useful with Lactobacillus-species for the accumulation of selenium. The invention further provides an additive prepared according to the method of the invention, a food preparation and a therapeutic preparation containing the additive, and the use of the additive for treating trace element deficiencies.
Patent NO-934431-L (NO)
Inventor: RIJSEWIJK FRANCISCUS ANTONIUS
IPC: C12N15/869
Filed: 1993-12-06
Abstract: Deletion mutant of bovine herpesvirus type 1 which has a deletion in the glycoprotein gE-gene. The mutant may further have a deletion in the thymidine kinase gene and/or the glycoprotein gI-gene, or have an insertion of a heterologous gene. Recombinant nucleic acid which comprises the gE-gene or a part thereof. Glycoprotein gE, peptides based thereon and complexes of the glycoproteins gE and gI, and antibodies against them. Vaccines and diagnostic kits comprising any one of these materials.
Patent NO-940040-L (NO)
IPC: C10L1/198
Filed: 1994-01-05
Abstract: The present invention relates to terpolymers based on  alpha , beta -unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides,  alpha , beta -unsaturated compounds and polyoxyalkylene ethers according to Claim 1, and also a process for the preparation of the same according to Claim 5. The invention likewise provides a mixture of at least one terpolymer according to Claim 1 and at least one ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer.   The terpolymers of the invention, and also their mixtures, are used as paraffin inhibitors in crude oils and petroleum products.
Patent NO-943522-L (NO)
Inventor: RUSHMERE JOHN DEREK
IPC: D21H17/69
Filed: 1994-09-22
Abstract: The use of anionic polysilicate microgels with an organic polymer to flocculate pulp and filler fines, such that water removal is easier and fines retention is greater and a new silicated cationic starch composition.
Patent NO-943617-L (NO)
Inventor: SMITH CRAIG A
IPC: C12N15/28
Filed: 1994-09-29
Abstract: Fusion proteins comprise a tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) and an interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R). The fusion proteins have therapeutic use and may be produced via recombinant DNA technology.
Patent NO-951631-L (NO)
Inventor: CHENARD BERTRAND LEO
IPC: A61K31/47
Filed: 1995-04-28
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/US93/06827 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 25, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 25, 1995 PCT Filed Jul. 23, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/10166 PCT Pub. Date May 11, 1994The present invention is directed to compounds of formula (I), and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of F,-CF3, -OCH3, -O(C1)alkyl substituted with 1 to 3 fluoro atoms. -O(C2) substituted with 1 to 5 fluoro atoms, and -O(C3)alkyl substituted with 1 to 7 fluoro atoms. The compounds of formula (I) are useful in the treatment of stroke, traumatic brain injury and central nervous system degenerative diseases.
Patent NO-960818-L (NO)
Inventor: MACOR JOHN E
IPC: C07D403/14
Filed: 1996-02-28
Abstract: wherein A, B, D, E, and F are each independently nitrogen or carbon; R1 is hydrogen, C1 to C6 alkyl, -(CH2)nR7, or C1 to C3 alkyl-aryl; R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, C1 to C6 alkyl, aryl, C1 to C3 alkyl-aryl, halogen, cyano, nitro, -(CH2)mNR8R9, -(CH2)mOR9, -SR8, -SO2NR8R9, -(CH2)mNR8SO2R9, -(CH2)mNR8CO2R9, -(CH2)mNR8COR9, -(CH2)mCONR7R9, or -(CH2)mCO2R9; R2 and R3, R3 and R4, R4 and R5, and R5 and R6 may be taken together to form a five- to seven-membered alkyl ring, a six-membered ary ring, a five- to seven-membered heteroalkyl ring, having 1 heteroatom of N, O, or S, or a five- to six-membered heteroaryl ring having 1 or 2 heteroatoms of N, O, or S; R7is -OR10, -SR10, -SO2NR10R11, -NR10SO2R11, -NR10CO2R11, -NR10COR11, -CONR10R11, or -CO2R10; R8, R9, R10 and R11 are each independently hydrogen, C1 to C6alkyl, or C1 to C3 alkyl-aryl; m is 0, 1, or 2; n is 2, 3, or 4; and the above aryl groups and the aryl moieties of the above alkyl-aryl groups are each independently phenyl or substituted phenyl, wherein said substituted phenyl may be substituted with one to three of C1 to C4 alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, carboxamido, nitro, or C1 to C4 alkoxy, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. These compounds are useful in treating migraine and other disorders and are new. These compounds are useful psychotherapeutics and are potent serotonin (5-HT1) agonists and may be used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, eating disorders, obesity, drug abuse, cluster headache, migraine, pain, and chronic paroxysmal hemicrania and headache associated with vascular disorders, and other disorders arising from deficient serotonergic neurotransmission. The compounds can also be used as centrally acting antihypertensives and vasodilators.
Patent NO-961207-L (NO)
Inventor: MERCE-VIDAL RAMON
IPC: A61P25/20
Filed: 1996-03-25
Abstract: The present invention relates to the compounds of general formulaused as medicaments possessing therapeutic activity for the treatment of anxiety, psychosis, epilepsy, convulsion, motoricity problems, amnesia, cerebrovascular diseases or senile dementia.
Patent NO-971351-L (NO)
Title: Trafikkontrollsystem, anvendelse av slikt system samt fremgangsmåte for styring av en mobil enhets bevegelse
Inventor: PEDERSEN HEINE EWI
IPC: B61L3/12
Filed: 1997-03-21
Abstract: Et trafikk-kontrollsystem for mobile enheter omfatter et antall stasjonære, passive enheter som har elektronisk lagringskapasitet og sender- og mottakerfasiliteter. Lageret av passive enheter inneholder en informasjonskode som er unik for denne enhet og som er relatert til posisjonen av vedkommende enhet. En mobil enhet har en datamaskin med tilhørende lagringskapasitet og sender- og mottakerfasiliteter. Ved avhring av en mobil enhet, vil de stasjonære enheter levere sin informasjonskode, som gjør den mobile stasjon i stand til å beregne sin posisjon. Lageret av de stasjonære enheter, i tillegg til informasjonskodene for en-hetene, inneholder lagrede trafikkmel-dinger som hltr levert sammen med infor-mas jonskoden etter avhøring av den mobile enhet. Bevegelsen av den mobile enhet kan justeres i henhold til den mottatte trafikkinformasjon.
Patent NO-975191-L (NO)
Inventor: BEARNARDON JEAN-MICHEL
IPC: C07C33/38
Filed: 1997-11-12
Abstract: The invention relates to novel propynyl or dienyl biaromatic compounds which have the general formula (I)as well as to the use of these compounds in pharmaceutical compositions intended for use in human or veterinary medicine (dermatological, rheumatic, respiratory, cardiovascular and ophthalmological complaints in particular), or alternatively in cosmetic compositions.
Patent NO-975262-L (NO)
Title: Dreneringskran
Inventor: SEELBACH JOCHEN
IPC: F16K5/06
Filed: 1997-11-17
Abstract: Sperreorgan med et hus (1), i hvilket en lukkedcl (6) er dreibart opplagret og som mf d et innstillingshåndtak (9) kan overføres fra en lukkestilling til en åpen stilling, hvorved lukkedelen oppviser en gjennomgangskanal (7), som i åpen stilling forbinder to i huset (1) anbrakte hovedkanaler (4 og 5), hvorved det i lukkedelen (6) er anbrakt en gjennomgående dreneringsboring (27) eller i gjennomgangskanalens munningsområde det er anbrakt en utsparing (12), hvorved dreneringsboringen (27) eller utsparingen (12) danner en forforbindelse for mediet, når lukkedelen (6) befinner seg i en mellomstilling mellom åpnings- og lukkestillingen, hvorved mellomstillingen er definert av et låseorgan (15), som blokkerer bevegelsen av lukkedelen (6) fra mellomstillingen til åpen stilling og som kan overføres fra en sperrende til en ikke-sperrende stilling og hvorved dreneringsboringens (27) diameter er mindre enn gjennomgangskanalens (7) diameter.
Patent NO-975904-L (NO)
Title: Flerlags kabelkledning, fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av denne og maskin for dette
Inventor: BOITEL PIERRE
IPC: E01D19/16
Filed: 1997-12-16
Abstract: En kabelkappe (1) med en flerlags konstruksjon omfatter i det minste to kontinuerlige oppå hverandre liggende plast- lag (lOa, 10b), som hvert består av en helisk strimmel (11a, 11 b) med respektive tilstøtende sidekanter (12a, 13a; 12b, 13b) tettende forbundet med hverandre.
Patent NO-981539-L (NO)
Inventor: CINI JOHN
IPC: A61K47/18
Filed: 1998-04-03
Abstract: Gel formulations containing polypeptide growth factors having human mitogenic or angiogenic activity are provided. The gel formulations are useful for topical or incisional wound healing for cutaneous wounds, particularly in the anterior chamber of the eye. The gel formulations also comprise a water soluble, pharmaceutically or ophthalmically compatible polymeric material for providing viscosity within various ranges determined by the application of the gel. The gel formulations provide controlled release and increased contact time of the growth factor to the wound site.
Patent NO-982788-L (NO)
Title: Stolbeslag
Inventor: LIE TORE
IPC: A47C3/026
Filed: 1998-06-17
Abstract: Stolbeslag især for kontorstol og større lenestol, hvor en torsjonsfjærs (1) ene ende er fast forbundet med en ende av et indre rør (3) som er opplagret dreibart i et rørstykke (4) og hvis andre ende er opplagret dreibart i et ytre rør (2) som er festet til fjærens (1) andre ende, at det ytre rør (2) og rørstykket (4) er fast forbundet med hverandre gjennom et vinkelprofil (12) som sikrer en fast forbindelse mellom det ytre rør (2), rørstykket (4), vinkelprofilet (12), stolens sete (13) og stolens rygglene- støtter (10, 11) som er festet i avstand fra hverandre til hhv det ytre rør (2) og rørstykket (4 ), at en trykkarm (8) er forbundet med et midtre parti av det indre rør (3), mellom rørstykket (4) og det ytre rør (2), og at trykkarmen (8) med en innstillbar skrue (9) med for- spenning ligger an mot en med stolens understell forbundet bøylebeslag ( 5).
Patent NO-983537-L (NO)
Inventor: CAPUT DANIEL
IPC: C12Q1/68
Filed: 1998-07-31
Abstract: The invention relates to new nucleic acid sequences of the family of tumor-suppressing genes related to the gene for the p53 protein, and to corresponding protein sequences.
Patent NO-990279-L (NO)
Inventor: SINGH LAKHBIR
IPC: A61P29/00
Filed: 1999-01-22
Abstract: The instant invention is a method of using certain analogs of glutamic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid in pain therapy.
Patent NO-991044-L (NO)
Inventor: NOSU TSUTOMU
IPC: C08K3/10
Filed: 1999-03-03
Abstract: A synthetic resin composition having heat deterioration resistance comprising:     (A) 100 parts by weight of a synthetic resin; and (B) 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of hydrotalcite particles defined by the following (i) to (iv):   (i) the hydrotalcite particles are represented by the following chemical structure formula (1): ä(Mg)y(Zn)zü1-x(Al)x(OH)2(A<n->)x/n.mH2O (ii) the hydrotalcite particles have an average secondary particle diameter of 2  mu m or less; (iii) the hydrotalcite particles have a specific surface area (measured by a BET method) of 1 to 30 m<2>/g; and (iv) the hydrotalcite particles contain an iron compound and a manganese compound in a total amount of 0.02 wt% or less in terms of metals (Fe + Mn).     A molded article formed from the above resin composition of the present invention is excellent in heat deterioration resistance and impact resistance and satisfactory in the dispersibility of hydrotalcite particles.
Patent NO-993710-L (NO)
Title: FremgangsmÕte og arrangement for justering av et antennemönster
Inventor: STOHLE LAURI
IPC: H04B7/06
Filed: 1999-07-30
Abstract: En fremgangsmåte og et arrangement for justering av et antennemønster, spesielt i et SDMA-system hvor en sender og en mottaker innbefatter minst to antenner. Basisbånd-antennesignaler multipliseres med koeffisienter for forming av antennemønsteret, for å frembringe et ønsket antennemønster. Fasen og styr- ken for et basisbånd-antennesignal måles. På grunnlag av målingen kompense- res forskjellene i fase og styrke mellom antennesignalene ved å justere koeffi- sientene som former antennemønsteret.
Patent SE-0003064-L (SE)
Inventor: RINNE TOMMI
IPC: A47C/
Filed: 2000-08-24
Abstract: The chair has a back support (3) and a seat (2) divided into front and rear parts (21,22), together with an adjustment device (41,42) for reciprocal, horizontal, relative movement of the seat and back support to a position where the user upright upper body rests against the back support, with the hip joint in a vertical plane containing the front seat part rear edge (23).  Devices (6) are available for moving the rear seat part from an upper position, in which the seat parts upper sides are located in an upper plane, to a lower position, in which the rear seat part is wholly or partly unloaded. In the area under the back support is located a support cushion which is horizontally displaceable.
Patent SE-0100675-L (SE)
Inventor: SANDGREN ANDERS
IPC: H04B17/40
Filed: 2001-02-28
Abstract: The repeater (1) includes a device for providing information regarding the repeaters position, and a database containing information regarding which radio transmission network should be selected, depending on the repeaters position. The repeater automatically supplies the database with its position, selects the settings for the chosen network and alters the amplification settings for the frequency band belonging to the chosen network, including the possibility of effectively ceasing communication with a special network.