baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1373819-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic braking system for vehicles
IPC: B60T8/1763
Filed: 1972-04-11
Abstract: 1373819 Anti-skid brake circuits; warning devices GIRLING Ltd 8 Sept 1972 [22 Sept 1971 27 Nov 1971 11 April 1972] 44272/71 55159/71 and 16530/72 Headings F2F and F2E In an antiskid braking system, a modulating valve 22 or 24 isolates a wheel brake from a master cylinder 1 and reduces the braking pressure upon actuation by a control means sensitive to braked wheel deceleration exceeding a threshold value, the control means subsequently deactivating the modulating valve to produce brake pressure cycling, a switch 55 of the control means being actuated by movement of relatively moving parts of the modulating valve. The master cylinder 1 has a front and rear wheel brake chamber 2 and a chamber 3 for a second set of front wheel brakes 9. The modulating valves 22, 24 are controlled by hydraulic fluid from solenoid valves 20, 21 actuated by control modules 15, 16 receiving deceleration signals. The rear wheel modulating valve 24, Fig. 2, has a piston controlled valve 32 between an inlet 35 and an outlet 37, the front wheel modulating valves 22 each having two such valves 32. In a non-actuated condition, a piston assembly comprises a stepped piston 38 abutting a wall 40 of the valve 24 and a piston 45 holding the valve 32 open by a rod 46 and defining, with a bore, a chamber 36. The piston 38 is biased by fluid pressure in a chamber 47 from the solenoid valve 21. Upon one rear wheel deceleration above a predetermined threshold value on braking, the valve 21 admits fluid to a chamber 43 to move the piston 38 leftwardly; initially the valve 32 is closed and then the volume of the chamber 36 is increased for brake pressure reduction. The switch 55 is held closed until the piston 38 moves away from the wall thus opening the switch. With the switch 55 closed the solenoid valve 21 is able to operate the piston 38 but upon opening, a parallel logic circuit, Fig. 3 (not shown), takes over control of the valve 24, this circuit determining of the deceleration signal is spurious (transient) or true (relatively continuous). The brake pressure is held substantially constant, although the piston 45 moves a little, until the circuit completes the determination. Alternatively, or in combination, the switch 55 is in association with circuits Figs. 7, 8 (not shown) which operate upon differing threshold values so that an initial cycle or cycles is/are undertaken at a higher value than subsequent cycles. Furthermore, a second lower valve may be used in the subsequent cycles for frictional coefficient charges. The switch 55 may also be used in conjunction with the ignition switch so that the piston 38 is actuated thereby and its movement then opening the ignition switch circuit. This provides a checking circuit for the piston 38. A further switch 64 checks the fluid pressure in the chamber 47; if the pressure drops, a spring biased cage 50 moves rightwardly to close the switch 64 and operate a warning device.
Patent GB-1183006-A (GB)
Title: Regeneration of Etchant.
Inventor: THOMAS DAVID HENRY
IPC: C23F1/46
Filed: 1968-04-05
Abstract: 1,183,006. Regeneration of ferric chloride. D. H. THOMAS. 20 Jan., 1969 [5 April, 1968], No. 16575/68. Heading C1A. An exhausted ferric chloride etchant solution is regenerated by displacing the copper from the solution, restoring the pH of the solution to the desired level by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, oxidizing the ferrous iron in the solution to ferric iron by adding an oxidizing agent and adjusting the ferric iron content of the solution by adding ferric chloride or water. Preferably, the copper is displaced by contacting the solution with a sufficient amount (e.g. enough to react with the copper in solution), but not a substantial excess of metallic iron. The preferred oxidizing agent is gaseous chlorine.
Patent GB-529757-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric thermal switches for automatic fire alarms
IPC: G01K3/12
Filed: 1939-06-07
Abstract: 529,757. Thermal switches. POWER FLEXIBLE TUBING CO., Ltd., and LAYCOCK, W. G. June 7, 1939. No. 16716. [Class 38 (v)] [Also in Group XIII] A thermal switch comprise. one, or a pair, as shown, of corrugated tubes 1, 2, which may contain acetone or other low-boiling point liquid carrying contacts constitutec by the upper disc 3 and a blade 14 having its tip bent towards 3. The tube 2 is sur. rounded by a continuous or perforated screen 9 whereby uniform expansion of the tubes occurs with atmospheric or other gradual temperature-changes, but an outbreak of fire causes uneven expansion with consequent engagement of the contacts. If the contact-surfaces are dirty or corroded so that the circuit is not closed, the further expansion of 1 causes the blade 14 to be bent upwards, and an intermediate part of the blade engages the edge of the disc to make a second contact, and if this too fails, the further movement of 1, 2 causes the blade to bear on the upper edge of the hole 15 in the screen 9 and the two contacts to rub or scrape the disc 3. A parallel-connected screw 20 may then be engaged. The blade will engage the edge of the hole 15 if both tubes expand uniformly, but excessively, due to a remote fire. The succession of contacts can also be made using only one thermal member.
Patent GB-168706-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatic electric switches for use more especially in relay circuits
IPC: H01H71/16
Filed: 1920-06-22
Abstract: 168,706. Austin Motor Co., Ltd., and Walker, C. B. June 22, 1920. Thermal switches; partly electromagnetic.-A thermal relay which is independent of outside changes of temperature and is controlled by the voltage or the current of a circuit or by both comprises three bimetallic strips placed face to face and substantially parallel with one another so that on a general change of temperature all the strips move together while maintaining the same relative position, but when the current in a heating wire surrounding the middle strip varies, the strip bends towards one or other of the side strips. Instead of heating the middle strip by a coil, the outer strips may be so heated or the current may be passed directly through them, or the middle strip may be heated by a voltage coil and the outer strips by current coils. The thermal relay may replace the electromagnetic relays employed in the automatic electric light set described in Specification 156,303, [Class 38 (iv), Electric supply and transmission systems &c.]. In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the central arm A<1> fixed at one end a<1> and carrying a contact at the free end for engagement with one or other of the strips A, A<2> has a heating-coil surrounding it, the current passing through the coil and through the arm. The side arms are fixed at their upper ends and rest intermediately on adjustable cone-shaped plugs d on which they are pressed by springs c. By rotating the plugs the initial position of the side arms in relation to the central contact may be adjusted. In the form shown in Fig. 3, the side arms are of different length so as to damp out vibration, and are connected together at their free ends. The central current-carrying arm is pivoted at G and has a magnetic extension H either permanently polarized or excited with constant polarity by the coil h in series with the heating coil c<1>. The extension H is adapted to move between the pole-pieces j, j<1> of a magnet J excited by a coil K between the generator and the battery in a lighting set so that its polarity changes according as the battery is being charged or discharged. The arrangement of the thermal relay replacing the electromagnetic relays in the lighting set system described in Specification 156,303, [Class 38 (iv), Electric supply and transmission systems &c.], is shown in Fig. 4. With heavy charging currents, the full-charge voltage is higher .than with small charging currents and, in order to ensure that the brush of the generator shall not be thrown out until the batteries are fully charged under these circumstances, the charging current or a proportion thereof may be passed through the outer arms. These arms may be bifurcated to lengthen the current path, and with heavy current they bend away from the central arm, delaying the time at which the contact takes place.
Patent GB-796836-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved dispensing means for pulverulent, granular or like materials
IPC: A24F23/00
Filed: 1956-05-31
Abstract: 796,836. Powder distributers. WADDING- TON, L. Sept. 5, 1956 [May 31, 1956], No. 16806/56. Class 18. A container for snuff and the like is provided with an aperture 12 in the base and an integral recess 13 closed along three sides is formed in the base, as well as a bridge 21 separated from the open end of the recess 13 by a tongue 18 lying in the same plane as the base. A plate 16, provided with two projections 19 and 20, slides between the bridge 21 and the tongue 18 and within the recess 13, its movement to close the aperture 12 being limited by engagement of the projection 20 with one edge of the tongue 18, while its opening movement is limited by abutment of the end 17 with the wall 14 of the recess 13. To dispense snuff, the user engages a thumb or finger nail in the projection 19 and retracts the plate 16 until the aperture 12 is uncovered.
Patent GB-1073196-A (GB)
Title: Devices for elevating and restracting motor vehicle head lamps
IPC: B60Q1/05
Filed: 1966-04-14
Abstract: 1,073,196. Vehicle lamps. ADAM OPEL A.G. April 14, 1966 [April 29, 1965], No. 16395/66. Heading F4R. [Also in Division F2] The headlamps 15 of a motor vehicle are elevated from, or retracted into, the vehicle body by means of vacuum motors 18 connected to the induction manifold of the vehicle engine and controlled by the switching on or off of the headlamps. Springs 26 urge the headlamps towards the elevated position. Each headlamp is mounted in a casing 16 pivoted to the body at 19, and the motors 18, which are fixed to the casings, each have a piston 21 joined to the motor casing by a diaphragm 22, and a piston-rod 23 pivoted to the body at 24. The motors are connected by a pipe 51 to a solenoid operated valve 30. When the headlamps are switched on by closing switch 62 the solenoid 31 is also energized and the motors 18 are connected to atmospheric pressure through valve port 57. The pressure on both sides of the pistons 21 is then the same and the headlamps are elevated by the springs 26. When the headlamps are switched off and the solenoid is de-energized the motors are connected by valve 30 to a vacuum vessel 47 and the headlamps are retracted against the force of the springs. The vessel 47 is connected to the induction manifold through a non-return valve 39 and enables the headlamps to be operated when the engine is not running. The speed of operation may be regulated by adjusting the ports 45 and 57.
Patent GB-958884-A (GB)
Title: General purpose majority-decision logic arrays
IPC: H03K19/16
Filed: 1963-04-30
Abstract: 958,884. Parametrically excited resonators; transistor logic circuits. SPERRY RAND CORPORATION. April 30, 1963 [May 9, 1962], No. 17001/63. Headings H3B and H3T. [Also in Division G4] A circuit arrangement for producing all sixteen possible Boolean functions of two independent binary variables employs three-input majority logic circuits. As shown in Fig. 1, binary variables A, B are applied directly or after inversion (indicated by small circles) to four majority logic circuits 10-16, together with control inputs X 1 -X 4 , the particular combination of binary values of which determines the particular output logical function f (A,B) which is produced at 40. A fixed " 0 " input is applied to majority logic circuits 18, 20 which receive the outputs of circuits 10-16, the outputs of the circuits 18, 20 being applied together with a fixed " 1 " input as inputs to a final majority logic circuit 22. A second embodiment (Fig. 2, not shown), also capable of producing all possible Boolean functions of two binary variables, comprises only three majority logic circuits, but the " control " inputs X 1 , X 2  may be connected to the variable inputs A, B. The majority logic circuits may each comprise a transistor, Fig. 4, or a parametron, Fig. 5. A plurality of circuits such as that shown in Fig. 1 may be combined in a " tree " arrangement to produce Boolean functions of more than two variables (Fig. 7, not shown).
Patent GB-157689-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for securing books in detachable covers
IPC: B42D1/06
Filed: 1920-06-23
Abstract: 157,689. Knight & Co., Ltd., C., and King, J. S. June 23, 1920. Addition to 136,738. Covers.-A detachable protecting-cover a is secured to the outside cover b of a ledger or other book by means of straps c, which are fastened to the cover a and pass through loops e formed by cutting slits d in the front and rear boards of the cover b. Other slits h, are cut in the cover, through which tabs f, g formed in the straps c are passed in order to secure the straps firmly in position.
Patent GB-573059-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hair curling appliances
IPC: A45D2/24
Filed: 1943-10-18
Abstract: 573,059. Hair curlers. COAKLEY, F. J., and COAKLEY, A. A. Oct. 18, 1943, No. 17062. [Class 131] A hair curler comprises a folded tapered resilient strip D, D* connected to a base A by a loop C the other end of the base A being also provided with a loop C* adapted to engage the free ends of the resilient strip. In use the tress of hair is wound round the resilient strip which is then folded on to the base and engaged by the loop C*. Perforations E may be provided.
Patent GB-1456318-A (GB)
Title: Intake system of internal combustion engine production of annealed pigments
IPC: C22C30/00
Filed: 1974-04-18
Abstract: 1456318 IC engine intake pipes NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 18 April 1974 [23 April 1973] 17072/74 Heading F1B An intake system for an I.C. engine comprises a throttle valve 1c, an intake pipe 3 which connects with an intake port 5 in the engine 2, and a reed valve 6 located in the intake pipe in the region of the intake port for opening and closing communication through the intake pipe. The reed valve is so mounted that it is arranged to be rotated to a position of reduced resistance to flow at high engine speeds. The reed valve assembly comprises a disc 6a formed with an opening 6b which is associated with a reed valve 6c secured to the disc by screws 7, the disc being mounted on a pin 9 for angular movement. A lever 12 is secured to the pin 9 and is connected by a link 13 to a lever 11  secured to the throttle spindle so that as the throttle is moved to open position, the reed valve assembly 6 is rotated about the pin so as to lie parallel to the flow through the pipe. The pin 9 is so mounted on the disc 6a that in the event of back pressure, the valve assembly 6 rotates about the pin to relieve the pressure.
Patent GB-813545-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the preparation of riboflavin analogues
IPC: C07D475/04
Filed: 1956-06-01
Abstract: The invention comprises structural analogues of riboflavin having the formul : <FORM:0813545/IV (b)/1> or <FORM:0813545/IV (b)/2> wherein X is oxygen or an imino group, wherein R is a methyl, or ethyl radical or a halogen atom, wherein R1 is an alkyl or an hydroxy-alkyl radical, and wherein at least one X in formula A is an imino group and the preparation thereof.  Compounds having the formula A are obtained by reacting with ammonia a compound represented by the formula: <FORM:0813545/IV (b)/3> <FORM:0813545/IV (b)/4> wherein X is oxygen or a dichloro group, R is methyl or ethyl radical or a halogen atom and wherein R1 is an alkyl or an hydroxy-alkyl radical, or desmotropes of the compound. Preferably riboflavin is acetylated e.g. with acetic anhydride, the resulting tetracetyl riboflavin is chlorinated e.g. with phosphorus pentachloride in a solvent such as phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus trichloride and chloroform, to produce a chlorinated compound which is aminated e.g. with alcoholic ammonia, liquid ammonia or concentrated aqueous ammonia, and deacetylated.  Compounds having the formula B are obtained by condensing a 2,4,5-triamino-6-substituted-pyrimidine with a 4,5-disubstituted-orthobenzoquinone having as substituents as the 4- and 5-positions a methyl or ethyl radical or a halogen atom and the pyrimidine containing as a substituent at the 6-position an amino or an hydroxyl group.  The condensation may be effected by refluxing the reactants in an alkaline medium, e.g. a mixture of aqueous alcohol and sodium bicarbonate or in a strong mineral or organic acid medium, e.g. acetic acid.  Alternatively compounds having the formula B are obtained by reacting a 2-mercapto 4,5 - diamino - 6 - substituted pyrimidine in which the substituent at the 6-position is either an amino group or an hydroxyl group with the ortho-benzoquinone to obtain a 2-thio analogue of compound B which is alkylated and reacted with ammonia to obtain the 2-imino compound.  Examples describe the preparation of 2,4,diimino - 2,4 - desoxy - riboflavin, 2,4 - diimino-2,4 - desoxy lumichrome, 2 - imino - 2 - desoxylumichrome, 2,4 - diimino - 2,4 - desoxylumiflavin, 2,4 - diamino - 2,4 - desoxy - 6,7 - dichloroalloxazine and 2-thio-4-amino-2,4-desoxyalloxazine.
Patent GB-1457656-A (GB)
Title: Driving mechanism for a reciprocatable piston engine
IPC: F01B3/02
Filed: 1974-04-18
Abstract: 1457656 Swash-plate mechanisms J SEIBERT 18 April 1974 [24 April 1973] 17074/74 Heading F2K A non-rotary swash-plate 19 of a multi-cylinder reciprocating engine is mounted on an inclined sleeve 17 clamped, by nuts 22, fast to the engine rotary drive shaft 2. As shown, eight cylinders 1 are arranged in two opposing banks in which each four opposing pistons 3 (Fig. 4), one pair of each bank, are connected by a common piston-rod 4 which is centrally connected by radially slidable slippers 25 to the extended ends 20 of the swash-plate 19. Figs. 8 to 12 (not shown) illustrate alternative methods of connecting the extended ends of the swash-plate to the piston connecting rods or direct to the pistons.
Patent GB-153352-A (GB)
Title: Process of and apparatus for precipitating aluminium hydrate
IPC: C01F7/144
Filed: 1919-07-08
Abstract: 153,352. Sherwin, R. S. July 8, 1919. Aluminium hydrate.-In the precipitation of aluminium Hydrate from alkali aluminate solution, only the finer particles of aluminium hydrate are added, the fineness of the particles being such that they remain more or less freely suspended in the liquid; by the use of these tine particles the relative precipitation surface is increased, and if they are obtained by separation from the coarser particles of the precipitated hydrate a less dusty product is obtained on calcination of the latter. The liquor from one of the precipitating-tanks 10, 11, containing the precipitated hydrate in suspension is run off into a continuous settling tank 17, Fig. 1, such as a Dorr thickener, a device comprising a shallow tank provided with slowly rotating radial arms carrying blades adapted to move the settled coarse material to a central discharge outlet 20, through which the coarser particles together with a part of the liquor are led to a filter 23; the fine particles which remain suspended flow away with the main portion of the liquor and are separated in a filter 19. From the latter, the filter cake is periodically removed, and is stirred in the tank 24 with fresh aluminate solution, and the whole is returned to the precipitating-tanks which have now received a new charge of aluminate solution. The hydrate in the filter 23 is washed, collected, and transferred to a calciner; the liquor from the filters 19, 23 is returned to the digesters and there re-saturated with aluminium hydrate for subsequent re-treatment. In an alternative process of separation, the liquor carrying the precipitated hydrate is run off into a thickener 39, Fig. 2, of the type described above but shallower, and the coarser portion is passed through a series of smaller thickeners, or of Dorr classifiers 42, each of which consists of an inclined settling tank in which mechanically-actuated rakes remove the particles as they settle; in these thickeners or classifiers the hydrate is washed with a small quantity of water, and is then passed to a calciner, while the wash water carrying any fine particles is returned to the main thickener 39. The main bulk of the liquor which carries with it the finer particles, is led from the latter through a pipe 18 to a filter 19; the filter cake is mixed in the tank 24 with aluminate solution and returned to the precipitating- tanks; the liquor is passed to the digesters to be re-saturated with aluminium hydrate, caustic soda sufficient to compensate for the dilution resulting from the addition of the wash waters being first added.
Patent GB-1000531-A (GB)
Title: Colored pigments
IPC: C09B63/00
Filed: 1962-05-04
Abstract: Sodium alumino silicate of surface area larger than 20 square meters for gram unite a particle size of less than 0.14 micron in diameter is dyed with a vat dye or a disperse dye and may be incorporated into rubber compositions and plastic compositions such a  polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride.ALSO:Coloured sodium alumino silicate is obtained by dyeing pulverized sodium alumino silicate having a surface area larger than 20 sq. metres/gm. and a particle size of less than 0.14 micron with disperse or vat dyes.  When using disperse dyes the sodium alumino silicate is dispersed in water with a solution of disperse dye in an organic water-miscible solvent and dyed, when vat dyes are used the aqueous dispersion is added to the leuco form of the vat dye and dyed, followed by oxidation of the dye to develop the colour.  The sodium alumino silicate is obtained by mixing dilute aqueous solutions of alkali metal silicates and soluble aluminium salts.  Silicates with molar ratios of above 0.8 moles of Na2O per mole of Al2O3 and over 4 moles of SiO2 per mole of Na2O are preferred.
Patent GB-713520-A (GB)
Title: Cylinder and piston assembly
IPC: F15B15/08
Filed: 1950-07-10
Abstract: 713,520. Cylinders; pistons. BROWN BROS., & CO., Ltd., and MITCHELL, C. C. Nov. 23, 1950 [July 10, 1950], No. 17160/50. Class 122(1) In a cylinder 1 formed in its upper wall with a longitudinal slot 9 and with a recess 8 in the cylinder bore in register with the slot, a piston 5 movable therein is provided with a guide channel 7 extending obliquely from the under side to the upper side of the piston and also with a part 3 which protrudes through the slot 9, and a sealing strip 6 is located within the cylinder and passes through the guide channel 7, and is adapted to be displaced radially by the movement of the piston into sealing engagement with. the recess 8, that part of the strip in front of the piston lying along the bottom of the cylinder. The strip 6 may lie freely in front of the piston or may be subjected to a predetermined tension. At the opposite end the strip is rigidly anchored to the cylinder 1. Specification 640,622 is referred to.
Patent GB-1133626-A (GB)
Title: Alkylation process
IPC: C07C2/60
Filed: 1966-04-19
Abstract: 1,133,626. Alkylation; iso-octanes. ESSO RESEARCH & ENG., CO. 19 April, 1966 [5 May, 1965], No. 17162/66. Heading C5E. Alkylation reactions are carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a strong acid and 0À0005-0À3 wt. per cent of a promoter which is an amine or ammonium salt having at least one C 8 -C 20  chain. The alkylatable hydrocarbon may be aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic, particularly a C 2 -C 10  paraffin, and the alkylating agent may be an olefin, an alkyl halide, sulphate, phosphate or fluoride, or an alcohol or ether, particularly a C 2 -C 10  olefin. H 2 SO 4  is the preferred acid catalyst; HF, F(SO 2 )OH, AlCl 3 , AlBr 3 , BBr 3 , BF 3 , SbF 5  and SbCl 5  are also specified. The amine may be primary (preferred) secondary or tertiary and a number of amines and salts are specified; cetylamine is exemplified. A preferred reaction is the production of iso-octanes from butylenes and isobutane at 0-100‹ F. and 0-150 p.s.i.g. Aromatic hydrocarbons may be alkylated at 0-125‹ F. and 0-150 p.s.i.g. Liquid phase reaction is used.