Patent GB-1045539-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to disc brakes or the like
IPC: F16D53/00
Filed: 1964-05-22
Abstract: 1,045,539. Disc brakes; drum brakes. SOC: ANON. FRANCAISE DU FERODO. May 22, 1964 [May 25, 1963], No. 21315/64. Headings F2E and F2F. A disc or drum brake comprises a pair of circumferentially floating pads or shoes which are applied to opposite,faces of a flat or conical disc or to exterior and interior faces of a drum by applying means comprising a fixed cylinder with its axis parallel to the mean direction of floating of the pads or shoes, and two pistons in the cylinder, one or both being urged by fluid pressure to apply an initial force to one pad or shoe, the drag force on this pad or shoe being communicated to the other pad or shoe and thence to the second piston where it is absorbed and generates a movement about the second piston which is caused to act on said one pad or shoe to increase the application, force. In one embodiment, Figs. 1 and 2, fluid is supplied independently from chambers 18, 20 of a master cylinder 10 having a piston assembly 13 consisting of three pistons 15, 16, 17, to a primary chamber 74 of each, of two brake cylinders 59 secured to fined supports for operation of respective brakes 27, 28. As a result, telescopically engaged pistons 57, 58 are moved apart, a ring 69 also moving with; the second piston, and push-rods 55, 56 are thereby moved to rock members 49, 50 pivoted at 51, 52 respectively on a C-shaped floating calliper member 43 to cause these to act via push-rods 53, 54 on a pad backing member 44 to apply pads 46 to one face of a disc 40, and hence cause pads 45 carried by the calliper member also to be applied to the opposite face of the disc. The resultant drag force acting on the backing plate 44 in the, direction F causes this to abut the member 43 so that the whole of the floating assembly moves in the direction F to apply a reaction force against the outer end of pin 56 which causes, pressure to rise in a secondary chamber 75 in the cylinder 59 and thus causes an increase in the force exerted by the plate 50 through the push-rod 54 on the backing plate 44. The fluid in the secondary chamber 75 is normally static during brake application, being connected via pipes 30, 29 to an equalizing chamber 19 in the master cylinder between the two equal diameter pistons 15, 16 (which may, however, differ slightly in diameter). The connection with chamber 19 equalizes the degree of servooperation of the two brakes 27, 28 and at the same time provides automatic hydraulic adjustment via a rocker valve connection with reservoir section 22. A pressure-comparing station 24 of the master cylinder comprises differential pistons which are normally inoperative, but which, should pressure fail in the secondary chambers 75, equalize pressures in the two primary chambers 74 which then apply the brakes with reduced servo effect; In Fig. 1a (not shown), the same brakes -are, operated by conventional brake cylinders 59<SP>1</SP> supplied by a conventional master cylinder 10<SP>1</SP>. The pistons 57<SP>1</SP> 58<SP>1</SP> of the cylinders 59<SP>1</SP> have flanges 78, 79 acting as stops so that the desired servo .effect, is achieved by the appropriate piston acting as a fixed anchorage. In the modification of Fig. 3 (not shown), eaeh cylinder 59 is replaced by. two cylinders 59a; 59b and the parts 49-56 re-arranged accordingly. In Fig. 5 (not shown), the pivoted plates 49, 50 are replaced byinclined slide surfaces 82, 83 on a modified calliper member 43, which co-operate with sliding blocks 80, 81 having corresponding inclined faces whereby on outward movement of the pistons 57, 58 a wedging action takes place to initially apply the pads 45, 46 to the disc 40, this being increased at one of the blocks by the effect of the drag force on the member 43 which is guided for circumferential movement by arcuate plates on member 43 (Fig. 4, not shown), which cooperate with corresponding arcuate surfaces on the cylinder. Alternatively, the disc may have an axially extending flange (Figs. 7 and 8, not shown), which engages arcuate edges of the pads to guide member 43. In the modification of Fig. 9 (not shown), the blocks 80, 81 are external to member 43 and levers 86, 87 are mounted on the cylinder 59 to transmit movements of the pistons 57, 58 to theblocks and against which the drag force acting ,on member 43 reacts to provide the servo action. In Fig. 10 (not shown), the arrangement is similar to that of Fig. 2, but the plates 49, 50 act as force multiplying levers and are pivoted both at 51, 52 to a modified calliper member 43 and at 53<SP>1</SP>, 54<SP>1</SP> to a pair of backing plates 44 carrying pads 46. In the application to a drum brake, Fig. 11 (not shown), blocks 80, 81 are applied by part rocking action and part wedging action against surfaces 82, 83 of floating calliper member 43, pads 46 being carried by the blocks and engaging the internal surface of the drum 40 while pads 45 are carried by the member 43 and engage the external surface of the drum.