baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20010026298-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO DAE SEONG
IPC: H04N19/134
Filed: 1999-09-04
Abstract: PURPOSE: A linear down/up sampling apparatus is provided to code/decode a current hierarchy using a lower hierarchy reduced to a give ratio by removing a limitation condition using only a lower hierarchy being 1/2 and 2/2 horizontally and vertically, respectively. CONSTITUTION: A linear down/up sampling apparatus includes a linear down sampling device and a linear up sampling device. The linear down sampling device divides a given reduction ratio into two parts of (1/2k) and ((m2k)/n) if the reduction ratio is m/n and sequentially erforms a linear down sampling for the two divided parts. The linear up sampling device divides a given expansion ratio into two parts of (n/(m2k)) and (2k) if the expansion ratio is n/m and sequentially performs a linear up sampling for the two divided parts.
Patent KR-20000023063-A (KR)
Inventor: MACKIN TIER JR EDWARD KIRBY
IPC: H01J49/44
Filed: 1999-09-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus for measuring flight time energy for ion implanter is provided to exactly measure the ion beam energy and to performing real time beam energy updating, quickly and to apply to current ion implanter without excessive correction. CONSTITUTION: An ion beam implanter comprises: an implantation station(16) having an implantation room(220) supporting a workpiece(21) at the inside; an ion accelerator assembly(18) consisting of an ion source(12) and series of ion pulses(P0,P1,..,P(n+1)) spaced for a predetermined time interval(T) and generating ion beam(14) proceeding the internal region(52) of the ion implanter(10) extended from the ion source(12) to the implantation room(22); and a flight time energy measuring assembly(200) comprising a first sensor(210,310) being adjacent to an ion beam(14) and arranged to spaced apart to a predetermined space, a second sensor(220,320) arranged below the first sensor, a timing circuit(204) connected to the first and second sensor and determining the elapsed time(t) for selected pulse to pass a certain space between the first and second sensor(210,310,220,320), and a converter circuit(206) converting the elapsed time(t) about the selected pulse into an ion beam energy measuring value(E(ion)) and for measuring average kinetic energy(E(ion)) of an ion comprised in the selected pulse.
Patent KR-20010027139-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM GEUN MO
IPC: H04L12/931
Filed: 1999-09-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for switching an IP in a LAN switch is provided to remove communication delay, improve the communication speed, to reduce a traffic load to a communication path. CONSTITUTION: The first switch receives an ARP request packet from a source host(S1) and transmits the ARP request packet to an end host based on network structure information(S2). The end host receives the ARP request packet through the second switch and loads a MAC address to an ARP response packet for transmitting to the source host, and the source host receives the ARP response packet transmitted through the first and second switches(S3). The end and source hosts perform direct communication through the first and second switches without going via a gateway or a router(S4).
Patent KR-20010027506-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK SEOK DAL
IPC: B24B9/00
Filed: 1999-09-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A billet roll direction adjuster is provided to conveniently adjust angle of a billet roll by controlling position of the billet roll in a short time. CONSTITUTION: A direction adjusting device of a billet roll is composed of a cam(14) installed in a hinge shaft(12); a driven tube(16) including the cam in a supporting frame(10); and a driving unit actuating the hinge shaft. The supporting frame, as a driven body, having a billet roll is moved easily by rotating the hinge shaft such as a driving shaft. The supporting frame in the hinge shaft is moved to left, and a central shaft of the billet roll is positioned in a central shaft of a contact roll(106) and a tension roll(108) in placing the cam toward left. The supporting frame is moved to the right by a step motor. Thus, a strip(104) is polished by the central shaft of the billet roll deviated from an axis of the central shafts of the contact roll and the tension roll.
Patent KR-20000035144-A (KR)
Inventor: MCNAMARA ALBERT C
IPC: F28F1/40
Filed: 1999-11-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A baffle for heat exchanger of a deep fryer is provided which is able to improve the heat transfer from heated gas flowing through heat transfer conduits of the heat exchanger to shortening contained within a vat. CONSTITUTION: The heat exchanger for a fryer system comprises: (i) at least one heat transfer conduit having a heating fluid passing there through; (ii) a baffle plate(40) disposed within the at least one heat transfer conduit, defining a plane and having a first surface(43), an opposed second surface(45), and a longitudinal axis(L) which divides the baffle plate(40) into a first portion and a second portion; (iii) a plurality of tabs(42), each tab having a longitudinal axis(A) and extending outwardly away from one of the first and second surfaces of the baffle plate(40), and intersection of the tab and the baffle plate defining a crease(44), at least one of the tabs(42) being positioned in the first portion of the baffle plate(40) and at least one of the tabs(42) being positioned in the second portion of the baffle plate(40); and (iv) a plurality of webs(46), each web separating a tab(42) from another tab(42) adjacent the tab(42) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis(A) of the tab(42).
Patent KR-20010045429-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK SANG GYUN
IPC: H01L21/31
Filed: 1999-11-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing an interlayer dielectric of a semiconductor device is provided to fill a gap between patterns at a low temperature by injecting SiH4+H2O2 reaction source together with source containing element of 5A group into a process furnace. CONSTITUTION: The first insulating layer is formed on the entire surface of a semiconductor substrate(31) having a plurality of conductive layers. A process for increasing adhesion of a subsequent insulating layer is performed on the first insulating layer. The second insulating layer doped with doping source containing SiH4+H2O2 reaction source and element of 5A group is formed on the resultant structure within a temperature scope from -10 deg.C to 50 deg.C. A plasma oxide layer is formed on the second insulating layer.
Patent KR-20010045532-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO HYEONG JAE
IPC: H04L29/06
Filed: 1999-11-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for improving retransmission algorithm of a transmission control protocol is provided to control surplus concentration of an internet efficiently by improving the retransmission algorithm controlling surplus concentration of a TCP. CONSTITUTION: In a method for improving retransmission algorithm of a transmission control protocol, a few stages are included. In the stage of 20, the numbers of duplicate certificated response are measured. If the numbers of duplicate certificated response are three in the stage of 22, a series of numbers, which is sent in a network, is stored in the stage of 24. In the stage of 26, half of the current window is stored. If the restoration condition isn't gotten out of in the stage of 28, the size of the window with the surplus concentration is enlarged in the stage of 30. If the restoration condition is gotten out of in the stage of 28, the value for extension after restoring the evading condition is initialized in the stage of 32. In the stage of 34, the condition of normal TCP transmission is restored.
Patent KR-20000035351-A (KR)
Title: Method for densifying particulate silica
Inventor: ADAMS GARY HAMILTON
IPC: C01B33/18
Filed: 1999-11-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for densifying particulate silica and a method for compounding a curable silicone composition comprising a reinforcing silica filler are provided, which is particularly useful for silica to be used as a continuous feed to a compounding apparatus for preparing curable silicone compositions by using an apparatus being comprised of a screw feeder (8) having a thread (10) and extending in a horizontal direction and a number of sections (2-7) arranged in succession along the screw feeder (8) length so as to subject the particulate silica to a succession of operations. CONSTITUTION: A method for densifying particulate silica comprising feeding particulate silica to a compacting apparatus comprising in combination a screw feeder (8) having a thread (10) and extending in a horizontal direction and a number of sections (2-7) arrayed in succession along the screw feeder length so as to subject the particulate silica to a succession of operations, the sections comprising: a) a feeding section (2) extending into a source chamber (1) for drawing particulate solids from the source chamber (1) into the compacting apparatus; b) a feed seal section (3), adjacent the feeding section (2) where the screw feeder (8) therein has a screw pitch the same as in the adjacent portion of the feeding section (2); c) a conveying section (4) adjacent to the feed seal section (3) where the screw feeder thread has a pitch greater than that in the feed seal section (3) to provide greater solids-moving capacity than the feed seal section (3); d) a recirculating section (5) adjacent the conveying section (4) where the screw feeder thread has substantially the same pitch as in the conveying section (4); e) a high pressure section (6) where the screw feeder thread has substantially the same pitch as in the recirculating section (5); f) a recirculation chamber (12) through which the screw feeder (8) extends; and g) a hinge mounted preloaded cover (17) in yieldable sealing engagement with the output end of the high pressure shroud (15) to permit densified particulate silica pressurized by the high pressure section (6) to emerge under pressure from the high pressure shroud (15).
Patent KR-20000012303-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JUNG HO
IPC: B61F5/00
Filed: 1999-11-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A suspension system of a decking truck for a high speed freight car is provided to have an interposed structure between a conical rubber spring not to contact an axle box and a spring box. CONSTITUTION: The suspension system(100) comprises:an inserting slot(116) inserted a car shaft(114) supporting and rotating a wheel(112); an axle box(120) formed a pair of inserting slots(118)(119) opposed each other centering the inserting slot(116); a spring box(130) arranged to separate with the axle box in a certain interval, inserted a side frame(122) to support a freight car in the lower end, and formed fixing units(124)(125) in the both ends; and a first and a second sheet metals(133)(135) as a reinforcing material interposed between three rubber layers(132)(134)(136) and its rubber layer, and formed by a thin plate.
Patent KR-20010048068-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE BUNG SEK
IPC: B29B17/00
Filed: 1999-11-24
Abstract: PURPOSE: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing reclaimed synthetic resin by adding modifier and additive to waste styrofoam powder after gaining polystyrene resin by removing air of polystyrene foaming body and melting. CONSTITUTION: The method for manufacturing reclaimed synthetic resin is characterized by cutting styrofoam to 1cm-2cm size; quick cooling platy fluidized melted matter free of gas and passing it between toothed heat pressurized rollers(2)(3) in the temperature range of 250 to 300deg.C; adding modifier and additive to regenerative styrofoam powder gained by complete drying and crushing the melting matter; compounding and complete removing gas by compressor(C) maintained in the temperature range of 180 to 200deg.C.
Patent KR-20010055538-A (KR)
Inventor: KWON O CHEON
IPC: G06F3/023
Filed: 1999-12-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for measuring a similarity between classes using a word information in an object model is provided to search a class similar to a selected class automatically by using word information of an object model in a conversion of 'C' code into "C++" code. CONSTITUTION: A predetermined class(C1) to be compared is selected(S21). A class(C2) not to be compared previously is selected in an objected model(O2) which is a compared object(S22). A similarity value between the class(C1) and the class(C2) is obtained by calling a compared routine between classes(S23). The similarity value between the class(C1) and the class(C2) is stored in a local memory(M3)(S24). If any non-compared class exists in the objected model(O2), the above stages are repeated(S25). If all similarity values with respect to all classes are obtained, the similarity values stored in the objected model(O2) are sorted in ascending orders(S26). The first displayed similarity value becomes the most similar class to the class(C1).
Patent KR-20000075438-A (KR)
IPC: C01F17/224
Filed: 1999-12-15
Abstract: 본 발명은 높은 자외선 차단 효과와 투명성을 가지며 촉매활성이 저감된 산화세륨 고용체에 관한 것이다. 상세하게는 산화세륨에 4 가의 세륨이온보다 큰 이온반경을 갖는 금속이온 및/또는 4 가의 세륨이온보다 저원자가의 금속이온, 예를 들어 Ca 2+ , Y 3+ , La 3+ , Nd 3+ , Eu 3+ , Tb 3+ , Sm 3+ , Mg 2+ , Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ , Ce 3+ 등을 고용시킨 금속산화물 고용 산화세륨이다. 이 금속산화물 고용 산화세륨은 온도 60℃ 이하, pH 5 이상의 조건하에서 세륨염 수용액과 4 가의 세륨이온보다 이온 반경이 큰 금속이온 및/또는 4 가의 세륨이온보다 저원자가의 금속이온의 금속염의 수용액과 알칼리와 산화제를 반응시켜 제조한다. 또한 이 금속산화물 고용 산화세륨은 수지조성물이나 화장품에 배합하여 가시광 영역의 투명성을 손상하지 않고 자외선 차단 효과를 발휘시킬 수 있다.
Patent KR-20010057079-A (KR)
Inventor: AHN SEONG SUN
IPC: F24C7/00
Filed: 1999-12-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: A microwave oven having a function of an air conditioner is provided to selectively serve as an air conditioner and to prevent the generation of resistance against the flow of vapor in exhaustion. CONSTITUTION: A compressor(32) and a condenser(34) driven as an air conditioner are installed in an electrical equipment chamber of a microwave oven wherein such components as a magnetron and a high voltage transformer are installed. An evaporator(36) is installed in the front of an upper passage(33) wherein a ventilating motor(8) is placed. Upon the operation of the ventilating motor, cool air exchanging heat in the evaporator is supplied into the interior room. When the ventilating motor performs a simple exhaust function, the evaporator is inoperative. Then, the evaporator is rotated forwardly via a hinge shaft(36a) to prevent resistance against airflows generated from the ventilating motor.
Patent KR-20010064887-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE DONG JUN
IPC: H04B10/07
Filed: 1999-12-20
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for concentrically managing and remotely operating FLCs(Fiber Loop Carriers) is provided to monitor and manage the alarm and configuration states of all connected FLCs at one system by concentrically managing and remotely operating distributed FLCs. CONSTITUTION: In a method for concentrically managing and remotely operating FLCs, a multiaccess unit(23), an operation terminal(21) and a concentric management system(22) are provided. The multiaccess unit(23) is provided with an RS-422 multiport to access a COT(Central Operation Terminal)(25). The operation terminal(21) is provided to concentrically manage and remotely operate a multi-communication processor and a plurality of FLCs. The multi-communication processor, installed in the multiaccess unit(23), transfers data to the concentric management system(22). The concentric management system(22) is provided to concentrically manage and remotely operate operation and management software, installed in the operation terminal(21), and the alarms generated from the multiple FLCs.
Patent KR-20010060547-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM GI JUN
IPC: H01L21/8247
Filed: 1999-12-27
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for fabricating a flash memory device is provided to decrease the tilt in a sidewall of a gate electrode and the overlapping area between a floating gate and a drain region and to increase the length of a channel by forming the drain region after an insulating film spacer is formed on the both sidewalls of the gate electrode. CONSTITUTION: A gate electrode is formed on a substrate(21), and a passivation film(26) and an anti-reflection layer(27) are formed on the gate electrode in turns. The first mask is formed to expose the portion on which a source region(29A) is formed, and an ion injection process is performed. After the first mask is removed, an oxide film(30) is formed on the sidewalls of the gate electrode, and an insulating film is formed thereon. The second mask is formed on the insulating film and the insulating film is etched, so that an insulating film spacer(31A) is formed on the sidewalls of the gate electrode. The second mask is removed, and a select gate oxide film(33) is formed on the substrate by an ion injection process with the third mask. A select gate is formed on the select gate oxide film(33).
Patent KR-20010061026-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE HO NYEON
IPC: G09G3/296
Filed: 1999-12-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for driving electrode of AC(alternating current) PDP(plasma display panel) is provided to improve luminance and photo efficiency by changing frequency of sustain discharge pulse. CONSTITUTION: One frame is divided into several sub-field and driven to display image on three electrode plane discharge PDP. Each sub-field is divided into a reset section, an address section and a sustain section. A frequency of sustain pulse permitted in the sustain section is changed from a high frequency to a low frequency. The high frequency permitted initially has a large effect on photo saturation time and enables prompt photo saturation. The low frequency permitted lately has a large effect on photo saturation quantity and enables high photo efficiency.
Patent KR-20010061857-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JONG U
IPC: C07D213/72
Filed: 1999-12-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: The 3-nitropyridine derivatives and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same are provided, which are useful for inhibiting the growth of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). CONSTITUTION: The 3-nitropyridine derivatives are represented by formula (1), in which R1: is H; hydroxy; C2 to C6 dialkylamino; C2 to C6 linear or branched hydroxyalkyl; C3 to C6 linear or branched dihydroxyalkyl; C3 to C6 alkoxyalkyl; saturated or unsaturated hetero ring compound of 5 or 6 atoms that contains 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from N, O or S and substituted or unsubstituted by C1 to C3 alkyl; and R1 contains as an asymmetric carbon, R2: is H; or C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl, or R1 and R2 together form saturated membered hetero ring of 5 or 6 atoms, wherein the hetero ring contains 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from N, O and S and substituted or unsubstituted by C1 to C5 linear or branched alkyl, C2 to C5 linear or branched hydroxyalkyl, or hydroxy, R3: is indazole-5-il or indazole-6-il, and n is an integer of 0 to 3. The pharmaceutical composition contains effective amounts of 3-nitropyridine derivatives.
Patent KR-20010065591-A (KR)
Inventor: JUNG SU CHEOL
IPC: F04B39/00
Filed: 1999-12-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A channel pipe fixing apparatus for compressor is provided, in which inlet and outlet blocks of the channel pipe are fixed to the compressor without using a manifold, to thereby reduce manufacturing procedures and cost. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus includes screw holes(25,25a) formed at a suction hole(11) and a discharge hole which are formed at the upper portion of a rear housing. An inlet block(26) and an outlet block(27) of the channel pipe are coupled to screw holes, in such a manner that insertion sections(28,29) of the inlet block and the outlet block of the channel pipe are inserted into the suction hole and the discharge hole. The inlet block and the outlet block have working fluid passages(30,31) penetrating through insertion sections, and working fluid passages have coupling holes(32,33) for insertion of a coupling bolt(B). Since the inlet block and outlet block which are connected integrally with the channel pipe are assembled into the suction hole and the discharge hole formed at the rear housing, respectively, the necessity of using a manifold is eliminated.
Patent KR-20010065642-A (KR)
Inventor: JUNG GYEONG HWAN
IPC: H01Q21/00
Filed: 1999-12-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A microstrip patch array non-powered non-directional antenna is provided to simplify manufacturing procedures and reduce cost, while allowing the antenna to maintain superior receiving sensitivity. CONSTITUTION: One or more microstrip patch array antennas are arranged and attached to a semi-spherical or spherical structure. The resultant antenna structure is attached to a predetermined position, and a weight is attached to the lower end of the antenna structure so that the antenna structure is maintained at a horizontal state. From among the arranged antennas, an antenna having a receiving sensitivity lower than a predetermined level is automatically cut-off to achieve an improved overall performance. Thus-configured antenna is capable of receiving wave at any angle without using a power from a motor.
Patent KR-20000068890-A (KR)
Title: 사진화상 재생기능을 갖는 전자 스틸 카메라
Filed: 1998-08-28
Abstract: 디지털 카메라(1)에서, 재생모드를 지정한 후 파노라마 화상의 재생/디스플레이를 선택하기 위하여 "+"키(17a) 또는 "-"키(17b)를 누를 때, CPU(36)는 플래시 메모리(31)로부터 선택된 파노라마 화상 데이터를 판독하고, 이를 VRAM(26)에 저장한다.  VRAM(26)에 저장된 파노라마 화상 데이터의 첫번째 1-프레임 화상 데이터를 디스플레이 유닛(12)의 디스플레이 스크린 상에 재생/디스플레이한 후 "+"키(17a) 또는 "-"키(17b)를 누를 때, CPU(36)는 디스플레이 유닛(12)의 디스플레이 스크린 상의 디스플레이된 화상을 스크롤하기 시작한다.
Patent KR-20010006369-A (KR)
Title: 통합형 액세스 플랫폼
IPC: H04Q11/04
Filed: 1998-04-13
Abstract: 통합된 액세스 플랫폼(UAP)이 다수의 서로다른 로컬 루프 구성에서 전화 및 고속 데이터 서비스를 제공하는 것이 가능하다. 제 1 실시예에서, 광대역 디지털 터미널이 고속 데이터 및 전화 신호들을 수신하고, 그들을 액세스 멀티플렉서에 수송되는 신호에 기초한 호출에 결합한다. 액세스 멀티플렉서에서, 제 1 라인카드가 아날로그 전화 신호를 생성하고, 제 2 라인카드가 고속 데이터 신호를 생성한다. 아날로그 전화 서비스가 제 1 트위스트된 와이어 쌍 드롭 케이블을 통해서 제공되고, 고속 데이터 서비스는 제 2 트위스트된 와이어 쌍 드롭 케이블을 통해서 제공된다. 다른 실시예에서, 신호에 기초한 광대역 디지털 터미널의 셀이 두 분리된 터미널에 수송된다. 아날로그 전화 서비스가 제 1 터미널로부터 가입자 위치에 제공되고, 고속 데이터 서비스가 제 2 터미널로부터 제 2 가입자 위치에 제공된다. 다른 실시예는 액세스 멀티플렉서에 위치한 신호 라인카드로부터 아날로그 전화 및 고속 데이터 서비스를 제공한다. 아날로그 전화 및 고속 데이터 신호들이 라인카드상에 생성되고 이중 통신을 이용하여 결합된다. 주택에서, 수신 이중 통신이 아날로그 전화 및 고속 데이터 신호들을 분리하기 위해서 사용된다. 또 다른 실시예는 아날로그 전화 신호의 디지털 표현을 포함하는 액세스 멀티플렉서에서 고속 데이터 신호를 생성한다. 고속 데이터 신호가 액세스 멀티플렉서로부터 주택에 보내지고, 여기서 수신 장치는 아날로그 전화 신호를 생성하고 고속 데이터 신호를 적절한 터미널 장비에 전송한다.
Patent KR-20010006400-A (KR)
Title: 반도체 집적 회로 및 메모리의 검사 방법
IPC: G11C29/36
Filed: 1998-04-16
Abstract: 메모리가 탑재되는 반도체 칩 상에, 소정의 알고리즘에 따라 메모리의 테스트 패턴(어드레스와 데이타)를 생성함과 동시에 기록한 데이타의 판독을 행하는 마이크로 프로그램 제어 방식의 제어부와 연산부 및 판독된 데이타를 판정하여 판정 결과를 출력하는 데이타 판정 수단으로 이루어지는 테스트 회로를 설치하도록 하였다.
Patent KR-20010013648-A (KR)
Title: 열전쌍 고장 검사 방법 및 시스템
IPC: G01K7/02
Filed: 1999-02-16
Abstract: 전력 발생 터빈에서의 열전쌍 고장 검출 방법은 먼저 열전쌍에 의해 발생된 온도 판독값으로부터 중복성 추정치를 생성하는 것을 포함한다.  다음에, 각각의 온도 판독값으로부터 예측값이 예측된다.  온도 판독값 및 중복성 추정값이 예측값과 비교된다.  다음에, 조합된 열전쌍 값을 생성하도록 중복성 추정값 및 예측값이 조합된다.  마지막으로, 열전 신뢰도는 조합된 열전쌍 값 및 온도 판독값을 비교함으로써 발생된다.
Patent KR-20010080839-A (KR)
Title: flange conneted structure of double PE coating corrugated steel pipe
Inventor: AHN U JEONG
IPC: F16L47/00
Filed: 2000-01-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: Joining structure of a flange for a corrugated steel pipe having dual coated HDPE(High Density Poly Ethylene) is provided to shorten the working process and to enhance workability remarkably by melting HDPE between an HDPE flange and a corrugated steel pipe. CONSTITUTION: A dual coating sheet layer(11) of HDPE is coated by performing melting process. A galvanized steel plate having dual coating structure is molded to a spiral corrugated steel pipe(10) by a molding device. A joint portion of the corrugated steel pipe is inserted into a flange portion(13) of a flange molded by press extrusion. HDPE fills a space between bonding portions(14,15) of the flange and the coating sheet layer outside the corrugated steel pipe. Thereby, a clearance is not formed between the inside of the flange and the coating sheet layer of the corrugated steel pipe. The flange is bonded to the outside of the corrugated steel pipe with watertightness. A connecting portion(16) of the flange is closely adhered to the end of the corrugated steel pipe by a bolt(18). The spiral corrugated steel pipe is kept watertight perfectly. The connecting portion is prevented from transform by a reinforcement(17) formed on the connecting portion of the flange when the flange is connected by the bolt.