baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-947016-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of ultra fine metal powders
IPC: B22F9/28
Filed: 1962-04-20
Abstract: In a process for producing ultrafine powders (e.g. diameter less than 0.1m ) of W, Mo, Fe, Ta, V, Co, Ni, Nb, or Cr, a preheated stream of the vapour of a halide or halide containing compound of the metal, sheathed with a cocurrent stream of inert gas, is passed into a reaction zone where it is reacted with a reducing agent comprising hydrogen and water vapour and the sub-oxide particles so formed <PICT:0947016/C3/1> are passed through a quenching zone at a temperature between that of the reaction and collection zones, the incompletely reduced particles then being reduced with hydrogen to give the metal powder.  In another embodiment an oxide vapour is used as the starting material and this is reduced in one stage to give the completely reduced sub-micron particles. The quenching zone temperature is preferably less than half the melting point, sublimation point or decomposition temperature of the sub-oxide, whichever is the lowest. In the Figure, halide starting material 1 is vaporized in zone 5, the sheathing gas is introduced at 27 through annular nozzle 28 and the reducing agent through annular vent 18.
Patent GB-787921-A (GB)
Title: Wax processing
IPC: C10G73/38
Filed: 1955-06-07
Abstract: Wax acids are produced by a process comprising the catalytic oxidation in a molten state of a paraffin wax, having a melting-point above 75 DEG  C. and a mean molecular weight of at least 650, with a gas comprising free oxygen at a temperature below 145 DEG  C. for so short a time as to produce an intermediate product comprising carboxylic wax acids and wax esters and having an acid number between 5 and 25 and a saponification number between 10 and 60; hydrolysing the wax esters to carboxylic wax acids and alcohols; and oxidizing the alcohols in the mixture to carboxylic wax acids.  Particularly advantageous results are obtained when Fischer-Tropsch hard paraffin waxes are used as starting materials.  Suitable catalysts for the oxidation of the waxes are, for example, fatty acid salts of manganese, cobalt and copper or oxides and salts such as potassium permanganate, manganese dioxide, iron oxide and silver oxide.  The catalysts are preferably dissolved or suspended in a finely divided condition in the molten paraffin wax.  The oxidation may be carried out at atmospheric or higher pressures.  In the examples: (a) hydrogenated molten hard wax having an average molecular weight of about 840 is oxidized by air in the presence of manganese stearate until an intermediate product having an acid number of 15 and a saponification number of 32 is obtained; the intermediate products are hydrolysed so that the esters present are converted to wax acids and wax alcohols and the alcohols are oxidized to wax acids; (b) the intermediate product from a Fischer-Tropsch hard paraffin wax having an average molecular weight of about 870 is catalytically oxidized to give an intermediate product having an acid number of 10 and a saponification value of 22; the intermediate product is treated with sulphuric acid and sodium bichromate solution to give a product which consists almost entirely of wax acids.  The acids obtained may be refined, e.g. by solvent extraction, for example with mixed solvents such as mixtures of an aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g. benzene, toluene or xylene with an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol.  Alternatively, they may be purified by vacuum distillation.  The cetyl ester of the hard wax acid product may be obtained by heating the wax acid with cetyl alcohol in the presence of zinc.  The acids may also be esterified with glycols or polyhydric alcohols, e.g. glycerol or pentaerythritol.  Salts of the acids may be formed with an alkali, an alkaline earth or an amine.
Patent GB-187653-A (GB)
Title: An improved moulding flask or box
IPC: B22C21/00
Filed: 1922-03-14
Abstract: 187,653. Bingham, G. C. March 14, 1922. Flasks. - To ensure sand packing below the stays &c. of a flask during jar ramming these are arranged to be free to jar down with the sand and are subsequently fixed to the flask or a part thereof. Stay plates c, Figs. 1 and 2, may be arranged in one or more clusters and are secured by hooked bolts e to bars d which are jointed to bolts d<1> sliding in lugs of the flask a to which they may be secured by screws d<2>. In a modification, the stays are carried by an inner flask h<1>, Fig. 15, having lugs to engage guide pins on both the outer flask h and pattern plate b. In another modification, stay bars f, Fig. 11, having adjustable lifting pins g with plates g<1>, are secured to the bars d. These pins are secured in adjusted position by wedges g<2> or set screws &c. The fall of the stays may be regulated by springs, counterweights, frictional devices or the equivalent.
Patent GB-1346719-A (GB)
Title: Tuning of antennas
IPC: H03J7/04
Filed: 1972-04-10
Abstract: 1346719 Radio transmitting and receiving systems RACAL ELECTRONICS SOUTH AFRICA Ltd 10 April 1972 [8 April 1971] 16441/72 Headings H3Q H3T and H4L A method of tuning an aerial includes the steps of deriving a signal having a frequency which is the natural resonant frequency of a coupling unit and an aerial, obtaining a second signal having a frequency which is the required carrier frequency to be transmitted or received, comparing the frequencies of the first and second signals, and adjusting the coupling unit to vary the first signal until it is of substantially the same frequency as the second signal. As applied to a radio transmitter, switching means (not shown) disconnect the transmitter 15, Fig. 2 from the aerial 10, 11, 12 and couple it instead to a dummy load 16. An oscillation generator 19 (Fig. 3) is connected via coupling unit 13, 14 to the aerial 10, 11, 12, and its output is fed to input 20 of frequency comparator 18, the second input 17 of which is derived from the transmitter 15 via a tap on dummy load 16. The output from frequency comparator 18 is used to adjust inductor 13 until the two frequencies are equal.
Patent GB-787894-A (GB)
Title: Radio direction finding systems
Inventor: JOHNSON WILLIAM ARTHUR
IPC: G01S3/48
Filed: 1952-06-30
Abstract: 787,894. Radio direction-finding. MINISTER OF SUPPLY. June 16, 1953 [June 30, 1952], No. 16474/52. Class 40 (7). In a direction-finding system, two aerials, spaced apart by a distance less than half a wavelength at the operational frequency, are respectively connected, through high impedances, to the ends of a phase-shifting network, and the amplitudes of the signals at the ends of the network are compared to provide an indication of the orientation of the aerials. As shown, the aerials 1, 2 are connected to the phase-shifting network 3 through valves V1, V2. The signals developed at the ends of 3 are applied to the valves V5, V6 respectively which are switched alternately by multi-vibrator 4 through the load 5 to the receiver 8. The depth of modulation indicated at 8 is a function of the orientation of aerials. The phase discriminator 9 is fed from 8 and 4 and the output secured at meter 10 is a direct current, the direction of which corresponds to the relative phases of outputs from 4 and 8 and the magnitude of which is proportional to the depth of modulation at 8. The meter therefore provides a reading indicative of the orientation of the aerials relative to the direction of reception.
Patent GB-1462027-A (GB)
Title: Esters suitable as components of lubricants
IPC: C10N20/02
Filed: 1975-04-21
Abstract: 1462027 Mixed esters SNAMPROGETTI SpA 21 April 1975 [8 May 1974] 16480/75 Heading C2C [Also in Division C5] Mixed esters prepared by reacting (a) a mixture of (i) at least one polyol containing 3 hydroxy groups, (ii) at least one polylol containing 4 hydroxy groups and optionally (iii) at least one polyol containing more than 4 hydroxy groups in a molar ratio of (i) to (ii) and (iii) in the range 0À5 1 to 10 : 1 and wherein ratio of (iii) to (ii) is in the range 0 : 1 to 1À2 : 1 with (b) a mixture of (i) at least one saturated linear monocarboxylic acid (7-8 C) and (ii) at least one saturated linear monocarboxylic acid (12-18 C) wherein the molar ratio of acid(s) (i) to acid(s) (ii) is in the range 1À5 : 1 to 6 : 1 are used as lubricants alone or admixed with mineral oil. The reaction may be in the presence of a solvent at 70 to 260 C. with or without conventional catalysts. Examples describe the reaction of dodecanoic and heptanoic acids with 1,1,1-tri-(hydroxymethyl) propane and pentaerythritol; dodecanoic, heptanoic and hexadecanoic acids with THMP, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol; heptanoic, dodecanoic and hexadecanoic acids with THMP, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol; hexadecanoic, dodecanoio, octanoic and heptanoic acids and THMP, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol; and heptanoic, octanoic and dodecanoic acids with THMP, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol.
Patent GB-611403-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to aircraft training apparatus
IPC: G09B9/26
Filed: 1944-09-05
Abstract: 611,403. Radio navigational trainers. DEHMEL, R. C. Sept. 5, 1944, No. 16503/47. Divided out of 611,304. Drawings to Specification. [Class 40 (vii)] Aircraft training apparatus wherein a device operated by a pupil simulates a flight course, includes a signal source connected to a network to simulate radio-range signals, means movable about a centre, representing a radio station, to different angular positions representing azimuthal positions on the range, varying the signal current to simulate the relative intensities of signals corresponding to different points in the radio range. The detailed description is disclosed in Specification 611,304.
Patent GB-1092917-A (GB)
Title: A method of obtaining an unhomogeneous fluid stream for a magnetohydrodynamic generator
IPC: H02K44/08
Filed: 1965-04-20
Abstract: 1,092,917. M.H.D. power plant. SOCIETE GENERALE DE CONSTRUCTIONS ELECTRIQUES ET MECANIQUES (ALSTHOM). April 20, 1965 [April 20, 1964], No. 16622/65. Heading H2A. A method whereby a striated gas flow is produced in a M.H.D. generator comprises injecting fuel at two spaced apart stages in the path of gas flow, where the second injection occurs at the same pulse frequency but phase displaced relative to the first injection and after some expansion of the fluid stream has occurred. In the apparatus shown preheated air enters the combustion chamber primary stage at 12 and pulses of fuel are injected at 16 to provide a fluid stream comprising alternate sections of air and combustion products which are expanded in duct 18. During expansion the sections of air will accept heat from the other sections without appreciable mixing to provide at the entry to the second combustion stage 3 a striated fluid stream having substantially uniform temperature. Pulses of fuel are injected into the sections of air in the fluid stream in chamber 24 to provide a working fluid for generator 1 comprising alternate hot and less hot sections. The phase of the secondary injection relative to the primary injection may be varied to alter the temperature of the fluid in generator 1. Seed is injected in phase with the secondary fuel injection either at the primary stage 26 or preferably mixed with the fuel in the secondary stage 27. In a modification the primary injection may occur during expansion stage 18 by making a number of injections 19, 20, 21, 22 each slightly phase displaced in order to provide incremental elements of hot fluid which are combined to form the burnt section. The supply of fuel may be mixed with an oxidising agent at 15 so that on heating in exchanger 5 an endothermic reaction occurs and the fuel is thus preheated. The exhaust gases from the generator may also be used in a conventional steam generating system comprising boiler 7 and turbine 9 driving a generator 10.
Patent GB-556577-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of iso-octane and motor fuels containing iso-octane
IPC: C07C5/13
Filed: 1940-11-19
Abstract: 556,577. Iso-octane. ANGLO-IRANIAN OIL CO., Ltd., HOWES, D. A., and STRANG, L. C. Nov. 19, 1940, No. 16683. [Class 2 (iii)] Iso-octane is prepared from a mixture of diisobutylene and tri-isobutylene by hydrogenation in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst consisting of nickel and tungsten sulphides at a temperature within the range 300‹ - 600‹F. under a pressure of 10-100 atmospheres at a throughput of the order of 1.4 volumes per volume of catalyst per hour. In an example a mixture of di-isobutylene and tri-isobutylene containing 57.5 per cent by weight of diisobutylene is hydrogenated at 450‹F. at 1000 pounds per square inch using a catalyst composed of a simple mixture of 1 part of tungsten disulphide and 2 parts of nickel monosulphide. The rate of feed is 1.4 volumes per volume of catalyst per hour and the hydrogen recycle rate is 8000 volumes per volume of catalyst per hour. Specification 472,463 is referred to.
Patent GB-670446-A (GB)
Title: Improved vehicle suspension system
Inventor: WESTCOTT FRANK
IPC: B60G11/18
Filed: 1949-06-23
Abstract: 670,446. Vehicle suspensions. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. April 17, 1950 [June 23, 1949], No. 16708/49. Addition to 655,323. Class 108(ii) In a vehicle .suspension system according to the parent Specification, the torsion bar has one or both of its ends bent at an angle. As shown, the wheel 1 is carried by an upper link 7 and lower link 11, the lower link being pivoted at 47 and being rigid with one end of the torsion bar 16. According to the invention the torsion bar is anchored to the link 11 by having its end bent parallel with the link and being clamped between upper and lower housings 51 by bolts 53, lined with rubber 56, and the housings being secured to the link 11 by a U-bolt 54. The rear end of the torsion bar may be similarly mounted.
Patent GB-1384782-A (GB)
Title: Smokers lighters
IPC: F23Q2/00
Filed: 1972-04-11
Abstract: 1384782 Lighters HEINRICH MALTNER METALLWARENFABRIK GmbH 11 April 1972 [15 April 1971] 16721/72 Heading F4F A lighter comprising a housing 1 surrounding a fuel tank 2 and carrying a burner insert 4 is characterized in that a pressure key 12, which is secured against longitudinal displacement, operates via a push rod 14 an ignition unit which may be a flint 5 and friction wheel 10 or a piezoelectric ignition unit (29) (Fig. 2, not shown). One end of the push rod is connected to the ignition unit. The other end of the push rod has a pivot 16 carrying two fixed guide rollers 17 one on either side of the rod 14 which move along a guide track 7 on top of the housing 1. The push rod 14 also has a forked recess 18 in which a coupling roller 19 is located. This roller 19 co-operates with the sloping surface 21 of a block 20 fitted on the inside of the pressure key 12. In operation, a force is applied at P and the sloping surface 21 forces the push rod in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the applied force against a return spring 23 located on the push rod and this causes the friction wheel to operate igniting the gas issuing from orifice 13. Alternatively (Fig. 2 not shown), the push rod is arranged by way of a spring (38) and catch (40) to provide a sudden impetus to piezo-electric transducers (31, 32) connected to provide a spark over the gas orifice.
Patent GB-459652-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in feeding hoppers for roller mills
IPC: B02C4/28
Filed: 1936-06-16
Abstract: 459,652. Roller-and-breast mills. SCHOFFEL, L., 49, Industriestrasse, Mannheim, Germany. June 16, 1936, No. 16748. Convention date, March 13. [Class 59] In a roller-and-breast mill in which a grinding bar is located at one longitudinal side of the feeding hopper and the end walls of the hopper are inclined to the axis of the roll in order to reduce wear on the roll, the thickness x of the end wall b taken at right angles to the axis of the roll is equal to the thickness x of the longitudinal wall c.
Patent GB-499568-A (GB)
Title: Film clip
IPC: G03D13/10
Filed: 1938-06-07
Abstract: 499,568. Clips. WERNER, G. June 7, 1938, Nos. 16788 and 29272. Convention dates, June 8, 1937 and Nov. 25, 1937. [Class 44] A clip for use in securing and labelling the end of a reeled cinema film F, or of joining temporarily the ends of a torn film, comprises a strip or strips of metal bent to give the clip a curved form as shown, combined with a strip of rubber protruding laterally beyond the edges of the metal strip or strips and of sufficient width to be engageable frictionally between the side cheeks of the film reel E. Fig. 1 shows two metal strips A, B, the latter preferably being the narrower, and an intermediate strip of flat rubber C secured together by rivets. The film and D is inserted at one end of the clip, and a title label, or the other end of a broken film, inserted at the other end, the clip being pressed into place between the reel cheeks as in Fig. 3, which shows in cross-section a modified form of rubber strip C recessed to receive the strip B. In further modifications, one or other of the metal strips is enclosed in rubber. Another form is described using a single metal strip enclosed in rubber, the fllm &c. being held between the rubber and metal. An elongated label may be used having both its ends folded in and secured in the ends of the clip.
Patent GB-240932-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in oil burners
IPC: F23D11/10
Filed: 1924-07-12
Abstract: 240,932. Aveling & Porter, Ltd., and Aveling, T. L. July 12, 1924. Spray burners.-A spray burner comprises three concentric passages, the inner and outer passages 1, 2 being supplied with steam or other gas through ports 3, 4 and the intermediate passage 5 being supplied with fuel through a port 6. An outer casing 14 provided with air-admission ports 15 surrounds the burner nozzle. The steam issuing from the passage 1 is regulated by means of a needle valve 7 formed on the grooved end of a rotatable central rod 8 which screws into a cone 9 at the end of the passage. The outlet end of the passage 2 preferably consists of a number of slots 13 arranged at such an angle as to cause the steam to issue in convergent whirling jets. The fuel passage 5 is preferably annular and converges at its discharge end.
Patent GB-702560-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rolling sheet material into articles
IPC: B29C41/14
Filed: 1951-07-16
Abstract: 702,560. Rolling thermoplastic sheet material. ARMSTRONG CORK CO. July 16, 1951 [Oct. 31, 1950], No. 16809/51. Class 87 (2) Sheets of thermoplastic material, e.g. bitumen with asbestos binder, are immersed in baths of heated lubricant 6, 7 before they are passed through shaping rollers 3, 4, 5. The bath may consist of hot water, soap and carnauba wax. The wax emulsion is heated to a temperature of about 180‹F. and the sheet immersed until it attains a surface temperature of about 120 to 130‹F. The 'sheet is subjected to successive shaping operations in the rollers 3, 4, 5. The finishing material, e.g. the wax, need only be incorporated in the bath preceding the last pair of rollers. Specification 702,561 is referred to.
Patent GB-925337-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to seats each having an adjustable back
IPC: A47C7/44
Filed: 1961-05-09
Abstract: 925,337. Seats. O. A. BECKER. May 9, 1961, No. 16822/61. Class 52 (2). A vertically adjustable swivel chair has a back rest composed of a lower part 4a and an upper part 4b individually vertically slidable on resilient steel rods 5a, 5b, the lower parts of which are slidable fore and aft in angle members 8a, 8b. The parts 4a, 4b are also pivotable about horizontal axes 9a, 9b. In a modification, Fig. 6, the back is formed of three elements 11a, 11b, 11c, hinged together and adjusted by means of a leafspring 13 and screw 14.
Patent GB-880650-A (GB)
Title: A pneumatic mixer
IPC: B01F33/40
Filed: 1960-05-13
Abstract: 880,650. Blending powders. KLOCKNERHUMBOLDT-DEUTZ A.G. May 13, 1960 [May 16, 1959], No. 16945/60. Class 86 A mixer for pulverulent material such as cement has a container 10 with a sloping porous bottom 14 above a compressed air chamber 17. In the container is a plurality of sets of compressed air chambers, the members of each set being vertically superimposed as at 21, 22, 23; 24, 25, 26; and 27, 28, 29. In the embodiment illustrated the vertical sets are triangularly spaced about the axis of the vessel as shown in Fig. 2 at a distance therefrom of about half the radius; the chambers are annular in crosssection and have porous walls. Each vertical set of chambers is supplied by a common branch pipe as at 38, 39, there being valves as at 40, 41, 42 to adjust the pressures so that the lower chambers have the greater pressure. In operation material is supplied through the inlet 12 and is fluidized by air supplied through the porous bottom 14. If air is then admitted to the branch pipe 38, the material will circulate in the container, the broken lines 51, 52 and 53, 54 indicating the boundary between the upwardly and downwardly flowing material; the branch pipes are connected to an automatic distribution 46 which supplies air to each pipe in succession. In a modification, Figs. 4 and 5 (not shown) the chambers are arranged helically above one another. The chambers may alternatively be cylindrical with a porous outer wall, annular with a solid outer wall and porous inner wall, or arcuate, see respectively Figs. 6, 7 and 8 (not shown); or have plain sides.
Patent GB-878847-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to welders protective shields
IPC: A61F9/06
Filed: 1960-05-13
Abstract: 878,847. Welder's protective shields. SONNBERGER, F. May 13, 1960 [May 14, 1959No. 17027/60. Class 97(1) A welder's protective shield comprises polarized sheets rotatable relative to each other by means of an electromagnet which is controlled through a voltage dependent relay by means of the welding voltage: before welding commences the polarizers are uncrossed but they are at least partially crossed as soon as welding commences. In Fig. 2 the shield is in the form of a helmet with head straps 17 adjustable by screws 16. In the device shown in Fig. 1 the welding electrode 1 is connected to a transformer 2, and a voltage dependent relay 3 which controls the switch 4 in the circuit of an electromagnet 5 the armature 6 of which is urged by spring 7 away from the magnet and which by means of a transparent lever 9 operates through a pin and slot connection 13, 14 a polarizer 8 which is rotatable relative to a fixed polarizer. Other connections between a slidable armature and the rotatable polarizer are described including a rack for engaging teeth on the polarizer and a rod fixed to the polarizer and engaging a rod on the armature. Before the electrode 1 is placed on the workpiece the voltage across relay 3 is high and switch 4 is closed but as soon as this voltage begins to decrease this switch is opened.
Patent GB-144122-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric circuit controllers
IPC: H01H1/36
Filed: 1919-07-08
Abstract: 144,122. Amberton, R. July 8, 1919. Controllers.-A controller has fixed contacts d with one edge outwardly curved and the other inwardly curved to an approximate circular curvature, and the movable arm a carries contacts b having end faces with similar curvatures. The stems of the contacts b slide in tubular metal sockets k mounted in insulating-sockets g, and are pressed towards the contacts d by springs h. The stems may be split and springs m inserted between the split parts to ensure good contacts with the sockets, or flexible connexions may be attached. The ordinary movement of the arm a tends to rotate the contacts b to produce even wear.
Patent GB-850851-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to stoppers for hot water bottles
Inventor: HOLDSWORTH LIONEL GEORGE
IPC: A61F7/08
Filed: 1958-05-29
Abstract: 850,851. Hot-water bottles. CASEMAKERS Ltd. May 27, 1959 [May 29, 1958], No. 17134/58. Class 64(2) [Also in Group XVII] A hot-water bottle is provided with a stopper comprising a spigot 9 and a resilient vent tube 10 having outlet apertures 13 for venting air from the interior of the bottle when the bottle is filled. Flexible fins 14 prevent withdrawal of the tube 10 from the bottle.