Patent GB-442212-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of products comprising vegetable phosphatides
IPC: A23J7/00
Filed: 1934-06-25
Abstract: Crude vegetable phosphatides are freed from fatty materials by means of a solvent, water is added, and the residual solvent is then removed, and the aqueous phosphatide emulsion is then dried or otherwise preserved.  In examples: (1) soya sludge (obtained by precipitation of phosphatides from soya oil by the action of condensing steam is treated with acetone which removes almost all the fat and some of the water.  The phosphatide layer, which still contains some acetone is kneaded with water containing a little ammonia to form an aqueous emulsion which is heated under reduced pressure below 50 DEG  C. to remove the acetone, the water which evaporates being replaced.  The product is then mixed with from 20 to 50 times the quantity of water and the dispersion is evaporated in a vacuum in a rotary evaporator so as to produce an emulsion containing 10 per cent of phosphatide, which may be preserved by adding salicylic acid, benzoic acid, glycerin, alkali, soap, phenols or the like or by heat sterilization; or the emulsion may be dried by spraying into a hot air stream preferably by the Kraus process, yielding a pulverulent product containing 90--95 per cent of phosphatide; (2) dried raw phosphatide containing 60 per cent phosphatide and 40 per cent soya oil is dissolved with heating in acetic ester and then cooled to 0 DEG  C. when the phosphatide precipitates, the precipitate layer, containing about 40 per cent of acetic ester is kneaded or stirred with water and the acetic ester is removed at low temperature in a vacuum as an azeotropic mixture with water.  Preferably the water vaporizing is replaced, or a large proportion of water is employed.  The product is then dispersed in a large volume of water, and is evaporated to a phosphatide content of 10 per cent in a rotary evaporator.  Starch syrup or other sugar, albumen, cocoa-powder wheat, rye or soya meal, or the like is then added and the mixture is dried by the Krause process; or when the product is to be used in a rubber mix, the addition may be gas black, sulphur, talcum or the like; (3) malt extract is added to an aqueous solvent-free phosphatide emulsion prepared as in example 1, the mixture being dried by spraying into a heated air stream to produce a dry pulverulent product containing 60 per cent of phosphatide, which may be consumed as such or may be used as a baking assistant; (4) sorbitol is added to an aqueous oil-free phosphatide emulsion prepared as in example 2, and the mixture is dried by spraying or on rolls, yielding a product, containing 55--60 per cent of lecithin which is suitable for use as a food for diabetics.ALSO:Crude vegetable phosphatides are freed from fatty materials by means of a solvent, water is added, and the residual solvent is then removed, and the aqueous phosphatide emulsion is then dried or otherwise preserved.  In examples: (1) soya sludge (obtained by precipitation of phosphatides from soya oil by the action of condensing steam) is treated with acetone which removes almost all the fat and some of the water.  The phosphatide layer, which still contains some acetone is kneaded with water containing a little ammonia to form an aqueous emulsion, which is heated under reduced pressure below 50 DEG  C. to remove the acetone, the water which evaporates being replaced.  The product is then mixed with from 20 to 50 times the quantity of water and the dispersion is evaporated in a vacuum in a rotary evaporator so as to produce an emulsion containing 10 per cent of phosphatide which may be preserved by adding salicylic acid, benzoic acid, glycerin, alkali, soap, phenols, or the like or by heat sterilization; or the emulsion may be dried by spraying into a hot air stream preferably by the Krause process, yielding a pulverulent product containing 90-95 per cent of phosphatide; (2) dried raw phosphatide containing 60 per cent phosphatide and 40 per cent soya oil is dissolved with heating in acetic ester and then cooled to 0 DEG  C. when the phosphatide precipitates, the precipitate layer, containing about 40 per cent of acetic ester is kneaded or stirred with water and the acetic ester is removed at low temperature in a vacuum as an azeotropic mixture with water.  Preferably the water vaporizing is replaced, or a large proportion of water is employed. The product is then dispersed in a large volume of water, and is evaporated to a phosphatide content of 10 per cent in a rotary evaporator. Starch syrup or other sugar, albumen, cocoa-powder wheat, rye or soya meal or the like is then added and the mixture is dried by the Krause process; or when the product is to be used in a rubber mix, the addition may be gas black, sulphur, talcum or the like.ALSO:Crude vegetable phosphatides are freed from fatty materials by means of a solvent, water is added, and the residual solvent is then removed, and the aqueous phosphatide emulsion is then dried or otherwise preserved.  In examples: (1) soya sludge (obtained by precipitation of phosphatides from soya oil by the action of condensing steam) is treated with acetone which removes almost all the fat and some of the water.  The phosphatide layer, which still contains some acetone is kneaded with water containing a little ammonia to form an aqueous emulsion, which is heated under reduced pressure below 50 DEG  C. to remove the acetone, the water which evaporates being replaced.  The product is then mixed with from 20 to 50 times the quantity of water and the dispersion is evaporated in a vacuum in a rotary evaporator so as to produce an emulsion containing 10 per cent of phosphatide which may be preserved by adding salicylic acid, benzoic acid, glycerin, alkali, soap, phenols or the like or by heat sterilization; or the emulsion may be dried by spraying into a hot air stream preferably by the Krause process, yielding a pulverulent product containing 90-95 per cent of phosphatide; (2) dried raw phosphatide containing 60 per cent phosphatide and 40 per cent soya oil is dissolved with heating in acetic ester and then cooled to 0 DEG  C., when the phosphatide precipitates, the precipitate layer, containing about 40 per cent of acetic ester is kneaded or stirred with water and the acetic ester is removed at low temperature in a vacuum as an azeotropic mixture with water. Preferably the water vaporizing is replaced, or a large proportion of water is employed.  The product is then dispersed in a large volume of water, and is evaporated to a phosphatide content of 10 per cent in a rotary evaporator. Starch syrup or other sugar, albumen, cocoa-powder, wheat, rye or soya meal or the like is then added and the mixture is dried by the Krause process; or when the product is to be used in a rubber mix, the addition may be gas black, sulphur, talcum or the like; (3) malt extract is added to an aqueous solvent-free phosphatide emulsion prepared as in example 1, the mixture being dried by spraying into a heated air stream to produce a dry pulverulent product containing 60 per cent of phosphatide, which may be consumed as such or may be used as a baking assistant; (4) sorbitol is added to an aqueous oil-free phosphatide emulsion prepared as in example 2, and the mixture is dried by spraying or on rolls, yielding a product containing 55-60 per cent of lecithin which is suitable for use as a food for diabetics.