Patent GB-183828-A (GB)
Title: Method and means for atomizing and gasifying heavy combustibles for internal combustion engines, furnaces or the like
IPC: F02M21/00
Filed: 1922-07-24
Abstract: 183,828. Chilowsky, C. July 27, 1921, [Convention date]. Gas-pressure sprayers.-Heavy oils for use in internal-combustion engines, furnaces, &c., are atomized by the expansion, through the atomizing orifice, of the incandescent products of combustion of the flame of the burner supplied with fuel and air under pressure. The atomized fuel is subsequently gasified by the heat of the products and may then be cooled before use. According to the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a), the process may also be. employed to atomize or project liquids such as paint, concrete, water, &c. and the burner may work under atmospheric pressure, the products expanding in a partial vacuum. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted. The metal wall 1, Fig. 1, has a refractory lining 2 enclosing a chamber 6, 7 containing a refractory porous mass 8. Compressed air and fuel are supplied through tubes 3 and 4 respectively and combustion is started by a spark plug or the like 8<1>. The products of combustion expand through orifice 10 and atomize the heavy fuel fed through conduit 12 in needle valve 11. The atomized fuel and products pass into chamber 9 where the fuel remains for a time in contact with and is gasified by the heat of the products. From chamber 9 the fuel passes through a mass of the same heavy fuel that is being fed to conduit 12, or by water circulation. From receptacle 13 it passes to a device replacing the usual carburettor and comprising a gas inlet valve 16, air inlet 15 and throttle valve 14. A flexible diaphragm or bag 17, 18 may be fitted to the gas pipe. The burner may be supplied with light oil in starting. A spring-loaded piston 20 subjected to the air pressure and carrying a rack 21 engaging a pinion 23 on fuel valve 11 serves to adjust the atomizing orifice according to the air pressure. Where the combustion is of an explosive nature the chamber 6, 7 is made long and the mass 8 thin; where the combustion is continuous, the chamber is made short as shown, for example, in Fig. 2, wherein the air and fuel for combustion enter the chamber 2 tangentially at 24 and are ignited by a plug 8<1>. the products escaping axially and atomizing the heavy fuel supplied through an axial pipe 11. The burner is supplied with heavy fuel by a pump 32 but may be started on a light fuel from a tank 34<1> by means of a pipe with valve 34<3>. The general arrangement is shown diagrammetrically in Fig. 3, wherein the engine is shown at 30, the air compressor for the burner at 27 and the fuel pumps for the burner and atomizer at 32, 33 respectively. The parts 1, 11, 9, 13, 17, 18, 14, 15, 16 correspond to those in Fig. 1. The compressor and pumps are driven from engine shaft 31 and their regulating levers 26, 35, 36 are connected to a common pedal 37. A modification is described in which the pump 32 is disposed with, the compressor drawing air and fuel from a carburrettor and delivering them to the combustion chamber through a flame guard and valve. The heavy fuel to be atomized is preliminarily heated by exhaust gases and the gasified fuel cooled by water circulation. In a further modification gasification is assisted by flame from a blow-pipe or by injecting exhaust gases.