Patent GB-628944-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the cast polymerization of unsaturated alcohol estersof polybasic acids
IPC: C08F2/02
Filed: 1944-04-26
Abstract: A method of polymerizing an unsaturated alcohol polyester of a polybasic acid comprises polymerizing the ester to form a gel in a mould provided with a pair of opposed walls movable with respect to each other, and polymerizing the gel into a hard solid resin whilst applying pressure to the mould walls.  The effect is that the shrinkage of the gel due to polymerization occurs predominantly in the direction of the applied pressure.  The mould may be prepared by clamping a pair of square glass sheets together face to face by means of C-clamps located along the edges of the sheets, a flexible gasket of polyvinyl chloride being inserted between the sheets adjacent the edges thereof.  The mould thus formed is mounted vertically upon one corner thereof and a quantity of partially polymerized ethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), prepared by heating the composition containing the monomeric ester and benzoyl peroxide, is poured into the mould. The mould is allowed to stand until air bubbles escape, and then heated to 70 DEG  C., the contents of the mould being maintained under pressure by periodically tightening the clamps. After 72 hours of heating, the polymer is removed.  Complex sequences of heating steps are described.  The walls of the mould may be made of polished metal instead of glass, and the gasket may be of rubber, metal or plastic material.  The esters may be formed from alcohols containing 2-5 carbon atoms, e.g. vinyl, allyl, methallyl, &c., or from alcohols containing 7-10 carbon atoms, such as cinnamyl, citranellol, &c. or from alcohols derived by reduction of chinawood oil acids.  The acids may be any simple polycarboxylic acid, e.g. oxalic, phthalic, &c. or may be a more complex acid of the type (called "polyacidic esters") which contain between one and six ester linkages.  Co-polymers of the esters with other compounds, e.g. styrene, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, chlorobutadiene, &c. may thus be cast.  Specifications 576,083 and 595,058 are referred to.ALSO:A method of polymerizing an unsaturated alcohol polyester of a polybasic acid comprises polymerizing the ester to form a gel in a mould provided with a pair of opposed walls movable with respect to each other, and polymerizing the gel into a hard solid resin whilst applying pressure to the mould walls.  The effect is that the shrinkage of the gel due to polymerization occurs predominantly in the direction of the applied pressure.  The mould may be prepared by clamping a pair of square glass sheets together face to face by means of C clamps located along the edges of the sheets, a flexible gasket of polyvinyl chloride being inserted between the sheets adjacent the edges thereof.  The mould thus formed is mounted vertically upon one corner thereof and a quantity of partially polymerized ethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), prepared by heating the composition containing the monomeric ester and benzoyl peroxide, is poured into the mould. The mould is allowed to stand until air bubbles escape, and then heated to 70 DEG C., the contents of the mould being maintained under pressure by periodically tightening the clamps. After 72 hours of heating the polymer is removed.  Complex sequences of heating steps are described.  The walls of the mould may be made of polished metal instead of glass, and the gasket may be of rubber, metal or plastic material.  The esters may be formed from alcohols containing 2-5 carbon atoms, e.g. vinyl, allyl, methally, &c. or from alcohols containing 7-10 carbon atoms, such as cinnamyl, citronellol &c., or from alcohols derived by reduction of china wood oil acids. The acids may be any simple polycarboxylic acid, e.g., oxalic, phthalic, &c. or may be a more complex acid of the type (called " polyacidic ester ") which contain between one and six ester linkages. Co-polymers of the esters with other compounds, e.g. styrene, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, chlorobutadiene, &c. may be thus cast. Specifications 576,083 and 595,058, [both in Group IV], are referred to.