baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1100163-A (GB)
Title: Electrochemical cell
IPC: H01M6/14
Filed: 1966-03-28
Abstract: 1,100,163. Batteries. AMERICAN CYANAMID CO. 28 March, 1966 [10 May, 1965], No. 13657/66. Heading HlB. A primary cell utilizes sulphur dioxide liquid or a non-aqueous solution as depolarizer. The cell may be operated at reduced temperature and increased pressure to maintain the sulphur dioxide liquid. Alternatively, the sulphur dioxide may be dissolved in the electrolyte salt and a cosolvent. No separators are needed and the cell may be of the deferred action type. The anode may be Li, Na, K, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Rb, Cs, Al, Zn, Sn, Mn, Cr, Ga, In, or mixtures or alloys of these metals. The cathode may be Pt, Ir, Os, Pd, Rh, Ru, C, Fe, e.g. stainless steel, Ni, Ag, Hg, Pb, Au, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi and nitrides, e.g. boron nitride or silicon semi-conductors. Electrolyte salts specified are tetra-alkylammonium salts of halogens; tetraalkylammonium salts of organic acids such as trichloracetic; and the tetraalkylammonium tetrafluoroborates, hexafluoroarsenates, hexafluorophosphates, hexafluorosilicates, monofluoroacetates, chloroaluminates and bromoaluminates. Other salts include tetraalkylammonium and metal salts of organic acids such as oleic or oxalic; metal halides; metal cyanates and thiocyanates, metal sulphites and sulphamates, metal nitrates, dicyanamides and tricyanomethides, and sulphonium, arsonium and phosphonium salts such as trimethyl sulphonium halides or acetates. Co-solvents specified comprise: trialkyl borates, boronic acid esters; borinic acid esters; tetraalkyl silicates; alkylalkoxyl silanes; amino ethers; tertiary amines; nitro alkanes; alkylnitriles; trialkyl-substituted hydroxylamines; dialkyl amides; lactams; tetraalkyl ureas; acetals; ketals; mono-carboxylic acid esters; ortho esters; lactones; dialkyl ethers; polyethers; cyclic ethers; monocarboxylic acid anhydrides; amino ethers; dialkyl sulphates; dialkyl sulphites; alkylene sulphites; dialkyl sulphinites; alkyl sulphonates, phosphorous oxychloride, thionyl chloride or sulfuryl chloride. The cell is filled with inert gas, e.g. xenon, argon or helium, to exclude atmospheric moisture.
Patent GB-220717-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in concrete or the like pipes
IPC: B28B21/62
Filed: 1923-05-24
Abstract: 220,717. Emperger, F., and Umlauf, A. May 24, 1923. Reinforced-concrete pipes.-In concrete &c. pipes of the type which are reinforced by members such as rings, continuous coils, &c. these members are formed of relatively short lengths connected together, the individual elements being combined under preliminary tension or first combined and then placed under tension. In the form shown in Fig. 1, instead of the normal continuous wire wrapping, separate pieces of wire or flat iron 21 are laid in the saddle 20, and connected with one another under tension on the surface of the pipe after completion thereof; while in the modification, Fig. 2, elements 21, 22 are anchored at one end 23 in the pipe foundation, and are tensioned by nuts 26 provided on the other end thereof. Rollers 24 may be provided between the pipe and the armouring, over which the latter is drawn so as to obtain a uniform tension therein. In a further modification, the armouring is produced by applying closed rings which are not under tension, and then subjecting the same to tension by loading, lever mechanism, &c., after which the tension is maintained by wedges. A pipe provided with spirally extending armouring is also described.
Patent GB-125306-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Bale Tie.
Inventor: BOAZ JOHN WALTER
IPC: B65D63/06
Filed: 1918-08-27
Abstract: 125,306. Boaz, J. W., and Brown, J. M. Aug. 27, 1918. Bale-tie fasteners. - Relates to fasteners of the kind in which the ends of the tie are provided with parts, such as bends, or projections and holes, which are held in engagement by a sliding sleeve. In the fastener shown in Fig. 1, the ends a, a<1> of the tie are bent round pieces b, b<1> and secured by rivets c, c<1>, one end carrying a sliding sleeve d which is pushed over the projections to hold them in engagement. The sleeve may be formed with a lip d<2> for engaging a tool, and with a stop-lip d<1>. The engaging faces of the projections may be so shaped as to facilitate disengagement when the sleeve is moved out of engagement. In the fastener shown in Fig. 4, the ends of the tie are formed with bosses a<2>, a<3> which are held in engagement by a sliding sleeve b<2>. The sleeve may be formed with a projection b<3> for engaging a tool, and with stop lugs b<4> for engaging the rear boss a<2>. The sleeve is prevented from sliding along the tie by the engagement of the lugs b<4> with a boss a<4>.
Patent GB-716541-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of acetals by azeotropic distillation
Filed: 1950-06-05
Abstract: Acetals are prepared by heating an aldehyde with an alcohol containing not less than three carbon atoms in the molecule, in the presence of a chemically-inert auxiliary liquid of relatively low boiling-point, e.g. hexane or heptane, which forms an azeotrope with water and one or more of the initial reactants, continuously distilling-off the water, formed in the reaction, in the form of the azeotrope, condensing the distilled vapours, passing the condensate into a further quantity of the auxiliary liquid outside the condenser, and recycling the non-aqueous components of the condensate to the reaction zone.  Concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.1 to 2 per cent by volume) may be added to the reaction-mixture as condensation agent.  In the example, propionaldehyde (2.8 kg.) is mixed with propyl alcohol (6.6 kg.) in a vessel provided with a distillation column and a condenser; and concentrated hydrochloric acid (36 c.c.) and hexane B.R. 60-68 DEG  C. (2.5 litres) are added.  The mixture is heated to gentle boiling, and an azeotropic mixture of water, hexane, propionaldehyde and propyl alcohol is distilled over and condensed. The condensate is passed to a vessel containing hexane; and the water layer (with dissolved HCl) which collects at the bottom, is removed, while the organic layer is returned to the reaction-vessel.  The distillation is continued until the amount of water distilled over corresponds to the theoretical amount, and substantially pure propionaldehyde-dipropylacetal remains in the reaction-vessel.ALSO:Acetals are prepared by heating an aldehyde with an alcohol containing not less than three carbon atoms in the molecule in the presence of a chemically-inert auxiliary liquid of relatively low boiling-point, e.g. hexane or heptane, which forms an azeotrope with water and one or more of the initial reactacts, continuously distilling-off the water, formed in the reaction, in the form of the azeotrope, condensing the distilled vapours, passing the condensate into a further quantity of the auxiliary liquid outside the condenser, and recycling the non-aqueous components of the condensate to the reaction zone.  Concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.1 to 2 per cent. by volume) may be added to the reaction-mixture as a condensation-agent.  In the example, propionaldehyde (2.8 kg.) is mixed with propyl alcohol (6.6 kg.) in a vessel provided with a distillation column and a condenser; and concentrated hydrochloric acid (36 c.c.) and hexane B.R.60-68 DEG C. (2.5 litres) are added. The mixture is heated to gentle boiling, and an azeotropic mixture of water, hexane, propionaldehyde and propyl alcohol, is distilled over and condensed.  The condensate is passed to a vessel containing hexane; and the water layer (with dissolved HCl) which collects at the bottom, is removed while the organic layer is returned to the reaction-vessel.  The distillation is continued until the amount of water distilled over corresponds to the theoretical amount, and substantially pure propionaldehyde-dipropylacetal remains in the reaction-vessel.
Patent GB-870366-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to nickel-molybdenum-iron alloys
Inventor: THORNEYCROFT DENNIS RAYMOND
IPC: C22C19/05
Filed: 1959-04-24
Abstract: The nickel-base alloy of the parent Specification is modified by the inclusion of 0.5-2% Ti.
Patent GB-576630-A (GB)
Title: Pressure gauge
IPC: G01L7/00
Filed: 1943-08-31
Abstract: 576,630. Pressure gauges. SQUARE D CO. Aug. 31, 1943, No. 14184. Convention date, Feb. 3, 1943. [Class 106 (ii)] A manifold pressure gauge comprises a diaphragm capsule mounted bodily on another diaphragm capsule, a conduit connecting the interior of one of paid capsules with the manifold the pressure in which is to be measured and mechanism comprising a rocker arm adapted to transmit to indicating means only the movement of the so connected capsule due to manifold pressure, changes due to ambient pressure being cancelled out. As shown in Figs. 4, 5, a capsule 15 is connected to the source of pressure, such as an engine manifold, by a long conduit 27 which damps momentary variations of pressure. The capsule 15 is secured to the frame 13 of the pressure gauge and supports a compensating capsule 45, preferably under-high vacuum and hermetically sealed. The adjustable connection 40, 42 between the capaules supports a U- shaped bracket 46 bearing a rock-shaft 52, acted on by the capsule 45 through a table 58 and a lever screw 55. Change of pressure in the manifold affects only the capsule 15 which moves the capsule 45 and bracket 46 bodily so that a lever arm 61 on the rock-shaft operates the usual bimetallic strip projecting from a second rock-shaft 68 to drive a needle 92 over a dial. Change of atmospheric pressure alone, however, affects both capsules 15, 45 so that the bodily movement of rock-shaft 52 is offset by its rotation and the indicating mechanism is not affected. Fig. 7 show the compensating capsule 145 mounted on the opposite side of the U-shaped bracket, the lever arm 161 then being on the same side of the rock-shaft 152 as the lever screw 155. In an alternative arrangement, the compensating capsule may be fixed to the frame and the manifold pressure capsule may be adapted to move bodily, a flexible conduit being provided (Figs. 8, 9, not shown). Two similar pressure gauges may be mounted in the one casing (Figs. 1-3, not shown, and Fig. 4) to drive two needles over a common dial according to the manifold pressures in two engines of an aircraft. In addition to-measuring absolute pressure, the invention is applicable to the measurement of differential pressure by connecting the two capsules to different sources via conduits. Specifications 443,578 and 472,565 are referred to.
Patent GB-860088-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for making shaped articles from hardenable pl
IPC: B28B21/48
Filed: 1957-05-03
Abstract: 860,088. Machines for making pipes. MANNESMANN A.G. May 3, 1957 [May 4, 1956; June 18, 1956], No. 14195/57. Class 99(2). A machine for the manufacture of shaped asbestos-cement articles such as pipes or tubes, comprises a water-permeable, endless, conveyer belt 3, a device 2 above the belt for feeding wet asbestos-cement material on to the belt, a series of suction boxes 15, 16 and 17 for applying suction to the material and through the travelling belt, and a support plate 14 disposed beneath the belt in the region of the feed device 2. The latter is provided with a vertically-adjustable baffle roller 4 to regulate the thickness of material deposited on the belt,. the vacuum in the suction boxes is increased in the direction of travel of the belt, and the distance between the roller 4 and the first suction box 15 is adjustable.. As shown, the material from the belt is wound on a rotatable core 19 and dehydrated and consolidated by pressure means including a circulating belt 36 above the core. The material issues from a hopper 1 into the device 2 the rear wall of which is in sealing engagement with the endless felt belt 3, and the front wall of which is formed by the roller 4. The means 14 comprising a plate or a travelling rubber or steel belt guided on rollers prevents a too rapid penetration of water from the mixture through the belt 3 and therefore penetration of the fibres from the mixture longitudinally into the working side of the belt. The suction boxes 15, 16 and 17 may be replaced by suction means having circulating slotted rubber or other flexible belts. The belt 36 passes round pressure rollers 21 mounted on a carriage connected by a hinge to a piston 23 working in a cylinder 22 attached to a frame provided with rails for guiding the carriage ; lateral adjustment of the rollers is effected by a right and left-hand screw. The belt 3 is cleaned by a row 37 of water-spray nozzles and a beater 38, and a further row of nozzles 37 directing jets of water on to the working side of the belt.
Patent GB-1073309-A (GB)
Title: 18-nor-steroids
Inventor: REES MARGARET
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1965-04-05
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of formula <F\1> wherein X is a C1- 6 alkenyl, or alkynyl group, Y is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy or formyloxy group, Y1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy, formyloxy or keto group and Z when present is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, wherein rings A and B may contain one or more double bonds and/or additional substituents, and their preparation by heating a compound of formula <F\2> wherein Y1 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy group and Y11 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy or keto group, with formic acid, followed, if desired, by hydrolysis of any formyloxy groups.  The compounds of the invention may be used in fertility control, treatment of carcinomas of the prostate or treatment of virilizing tumours of the suprarenals, as pharmaceutical composi sions in combination with a carrier, for example in forms suitable for oral, parenteral or rectal administration, including implants.
Patent GB-752075-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for controlling sound recorders in response to signals supplied over an outlet of switching means of a telephone exchange
IPC: H04M1/65
Filed: 1953-05-21
Abstract: 752,075. Automatic exchange systems. RELIANCE TELEPHONE CO., Ltd., KEENE, F. J., and NEWMAN, R. D. May 20, 1954 [May 21, 1953], No. 14304/53. Class 40 (4). A device for controlling a sound recorder is accessible to any one of the subscribers connected to that exchange, the device when seized by a caller preventing access to the recorder by any other subscriber until the device has been reset by an attendant. Initially brake coil 10 is energized to prevent operation of the sound recorder. Relays SP and PB are also normally energized. When a subscriber dials the appropriate digits he gains access to the control device shown and operates A which energizes B. B earths the P wire, restores PB, lights lamp EL and returns continuous tone to the subscriber to indicate that he is connected to a sound recorder. Restoration of PB energizes relay 8 to prepare the recorder for the reception of speech currents. The subscriber now dials digit 1 to release A, so energizing CD and driving magnet U25. When A reoperates, U25 restores to step the wipers to second position so restoring SP, which extends the line wires L1, L2 to transformer T, disconnects tone, and restores brake coil 10 so that the recorder drives and records the subscriber's message. To stop the recorder the subscriber dials 1, so operating and restoring CD and U25 to advance the wipers to position 3. Release of CD energizes SP to reenergize U25 which self-interrupts to drive the wipers to home position, when the control circuit is again normal. Play-back. The subscriber may dial a digit between 3 and 0 or he may first dial 1 to stop the recorder followed by a digit between 4 and 0. In the first case the first release of A energizes U25 and CD, the latter holding up during the subsequent impulsing to energize PB and PBT when the wiper U4 is on its 4th and 5th contacts, respectively. Interrupted tone is returned to the subscriber and PB restores relay 8 to switch the recorder to play-back condition. When A restores momentarily at the third and subsequent impulses coil 9 energizes to step the recording head back. When A finally releases, CD falls back to cause U25 to drive the wipers to second position. The message is then played back. Release. When the subscriber hangs up, A releases to operate CD, U25 and release B. B releases the connection and restores CD, U25 to drive the wipers to home position. B also extinguishes lamp EL, releases PB, PBT and reenergizes brake coil 10. Release of PB lights lamp CL to indicate that the recorder contains a message. Release of PBT disconnects interrupted tone from wire L2. Release of CD busies the control device until the attendant has replaced the record and operated key 15 which energizes SP, PB. PB releases the control device and extinguishes lamp CL. SP disconnects the wires L1, L2 from transformer T.
Patent GB-1392332-A (GB)
Title: Corrosion resistance of welded zirconium-niobium alloys
IPC: B23K35/32
Filed: 1972-03-27
Abstract: 1392332 Heat-treating Zr-Nb alloy STICHTING REACTOR CENTRUM NEDERLAND 27 March 1972 [26 March 1971]  14312/72 Heading C7A An alloy containing 0.5-5% of Nb, balance Zr apart from Hf amounting to up to 1% of Zr+Hf, is heat-treated after joining by a process involving local melting by heating under conditions ranging from 20-80 hours at 475‹C to 0.5-30 hours at 575‹C, possibly in vacuum or inert gas.
Patent GB-861006-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of cycle saddles and the like
IPC: C14B1/00
Filed: 1957-05-07
Abstract: Cycle saddles, equestrian saddles and other seats which require blocking or moulding into configurations involving corner bends, rolledover flanges, valleys, crests and other shaped parts which are maintained permanently, are made by applying to that surface of sheet leather, that is to form the surface subject to wear, a coat of synthetic resin emulsion in water, wetting the leather, blocking it on a form, drying and applying a second coating material.  The synthetic resin of the base-coat may be poly-methyl methacrylate; and the emulsion may also contain a suspension of pigment in a casein binder.  The emulsion may be applied by brush, pad or spray.  The second coating may be of a pigmented synthetic resin (e.g. polymethyl methacrylate) emulsion in water, a cellulose derivative emulsion in water or a cellulose lacquer, and in examples contains also one or more of: carnauba wax, suspension of pigment in a casein binder, and suspension of pigment in a cellulose binder.  The second coating may be sprayed on.ALSO:Cycle saddles, equestrian saddles and other seats which require blocking or moulding into configurations involving corner bends, rolled-over flanges, valleys, crests and other shaped parts which are maintained permanently, are made by applying to that surface of sheet leather, that is to form the surface subject to wear, a coat of synthetic resin emulsion in water, wetting the leather, blocking it on a form, drying and applying a second coating material.  The synthetic resin of the base coat may be poly-methyl methacrylate; and the emulsion may also contain a suspension of pigment in a casein binder.  The emulsion may be applied by brush, pad or spray.  The second coating may be of a pigmented synthetic resin (e.g. polymethyl methacrylate) emulsion in water, a cellulose derivative emulsion in water or a cellulose lacquer, and in examples contains also one or more of: carnauba wax, suspension of pigment in a casein binder, and suspension of pigment in a cellulose binder. The second coating may be sprayed on.
Patent GB-127478-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the Extraction of Oil from Cotton Seed.
Inventor: PHILLIPS CECIL OCTAVIOUS
IPC: C11B1/04
Filed: 1918-09-06
Abstract: 127,478. Phillips, C. O. Sept. 6, 1918. Fatty oils, extracting by pressure. Before expressing oil from ground cotton seed, the ground seed is intimately mixed with a small amount of dilute alkali carbonate solution and cooked. The solution may be of the strength of one ounce of sodium carbonate or one-tenth of a pound of sodium bicarbonate to a gallon of water, and about three gallons of solution are sprayed upon, or otherwise intimately mixed with, a ton of the ground seed.
Patent GB-665496-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the modification of conjugated drying oils, and varnishes made therefrom
Filed: 1949-05-31
Abstract: In the production of non-wrinkling drying oils by heating conjugated drying oils in presence of an organic polysulphide as catalyst (see Group III), the reaction may be carried out in presence of varnishes containing resinous condensates or their components, e.g. alkyd resins or pentaerythritol-rosin esters. Polysulphides specified are di-(tert.-butyl) disulphide diisopropyl dixanthogen, tetramethylthiuramdisulphide diphenyl disulphide, benzothiazyl disulphide or a kerosene fraction from sweetened oils containing such compounds.  In examples: (4) 250 parts WW rosin, 32 parts pentaerythritol and 34 parts kerosene fraction are refluxed at 465 DEG  F. for 7 hours, 200 parts tung oil and 20 parts mineral spirits are added and refluxing continued for 3 hours; (10) 730 parts tung oil and 500 parts glycerine are heated to 410-440 DEG  F. in presence of di-(hydroxy amyl phenyl) disulphide.  850 parts phthalic anhydride are added and the mixture kept at 440 DEG  F. while blowing with inert gas.  The resultant varnish is modified with 100 per cent tung oil; (11) 125 parts neutral pentaerythritol-rosin ester, 255 parts tung oil, are similarly treated in presence of di-(benzothiazyl) disulphide.ALSO:Conjugated drying oils are modified, to prevent wrinkling or aberrations when dried as films, by heating with a small quantity of an organic polysulphide containing the group =C-S-S-C=, which may be added as such, in an amount of from 0.005 to 0.1 per cent by weight of the oil, or in the form of a sweetened petroleum fraction boiling from 350 DEG F. to 500 DEG F. which contains such a disulphide as a result of the sweetening operation.  The of 440 DEG F. to 470 DEG F., or by refluxing with a solvent at a temperature between 425 DEG F. solvent at a temperature between 425 DEG F and 525 DEG F.  The process may be carried out in the presence of other varnish ingredients.  In examples, (1) and (2), tung oil is heated for five hours with a sweetened petroleum oil, and a mixture thereof with mineral spirits, respectively, at 390 DEG F. and 380 DEG F.; (4) rosin, pentaerythritol, and sweetened kerosene are refluxed for seven hours at 465 DEG F., and with tung oil and mineral spirits for a further three hours at 410 DEG F. to 430 DEG F.; (5), (6), (7) and (8) tung oil is heated for 1 1/2 hours with 0.15 to 0.1 per cent of diphenyl disulphide, ditertiary hexyl disulphide, and dibenzyl disulphide, respectively; (9) tung oil is refluxed with di (4-amyl-1-hydroxy-phenyl) disulphide and mineral spirits; (10) tung oil and glycerine are heated to 440 DEG F. with small amounts of litharge and di (4-amyl-1-hydroxy-phenyl) disulphide, and finally with phthalic anhydride while blowing with inert gas; (11) neutral pentaerythritolrosin ester is heated with tung oil and di (benzothiazyl) disulphide at 440 DEG F.