baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1332253-A (GB)
Title: Process for treating leather
IPC: C14C9/00
Filed: 1971-07-20
Abstract: 1332253 Treating leather DR TH BOHME K G CHEM FABRIK 28 July 1971 [ 7 Aug 1970] 35568/71 Heading C6C Leather, after tanning, is treated with a mixture, e.g. in aqueous solution, comprising at least one polyglycol mono-fatty or di-fatty acid ester having a polyglycol radical, with a molecular weight of from 300 to 1000, and at least one partial ester of phosphoric acid partially neutralized by one or more amines. The treatment is aimed at providing a softened leather to which defective bonding of a subsequently applied synthetic plastics foil or a lacquer, due to grease in the leather, is avoided. In one example, chrome-tanned cowhides are treated with a mixture of palmitic acid monoester of polyethylene glycol and phosphoric acid monoester of an addition product of ethylene oxide with octadecyl alcohol, the latter monoester being neutralized with butylamine to about pH4. The hides are subsequently coated with polyurethane lacquer. Another example, in which P. V. C. or polyurethane foil is to be stuck to the leather, uses a mixture of a polyglycol-di-tallow fatty acid ester and phosphoric acid diesters of a reaction product of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and cetyl alcohol, the diester being neutralized with ethanolamine to pH4. In a third example chrome tanned cowhides are retanned with pulverized mimosa extract and then treated with a mixture of lauric acid polyglycol -400-monoester and a phosphoric acid monoester of oleyl alcohol reacted with ethylene oxide and neutralized with triethanolamine to pH4.
Patent GB-1096035-A (GB)
Title: Production of 2-hydroxyalkyl acrylates or methacrylates
Inventor: GIRVAN IAN JOHN MCAUGHTRIE
IPC: C07D213/20
Filed: 1965-08-19
Abstract: 2-Hydroxyalkyl acrylates or methacrylates are prepared by reacting an alkylene oxide with acrylic or methacrylic acid respectively in the liquid phase in the presence of a quaternary pyridinium salt catalyst.  Ethylene and propylene oxides may be used and the pyridinium compounds may be N-methyl, N-ethyl, and N-cetyl pyridinium salts and bi-pyridylium salts with anions such as halides, sulphate, bi-sulphate or sulphonate.  Inhibitors such as hydroquinone or para-methoxyphenol may be present.  In examples, N-ethyl pyridinium bromide, N-methyl pyridinium chloride, N-methyl-4-methyl pyridinium iodide, N-benzyl pyridinium chloride, N-methyl-2-chloropyridinium iodide, N,N1-dimethyl-4,41-bipyridylium dichloride, N-cetylpyridinium chloride and the N-methylpyridinium salt of toluene-p-sulphonic acid are used as catalysts.
Patent GB-1115638-A (GB)
Title: Can wrapper
IPC: B65D71/00
Filed: 1965-08-19
Abstract: 1,115,638. Can carrier wrappers. MEAD CORPORATION. 19 Aug., 1965 [19 Aug., 1964], No. 35670/65. Heading B8C. A can carrier wrapper which may be generally as described in Specification 1,041,305 has tabs which are doubled and folded inwards between the can rows, each tab being folded so that its edge engages the chime of one can and having a cut-out auxiliary tab which projects to engage the chime of the adjacent can in the other row. In one form, the tabs 31 (32, 33) may project from a lap panel 9 and each have the auxiliary tab 37 (38, 39) cut from one side. In another form, the tabs 19 (20, 21) may be cut from the centre of the top panel 1 and the auxiliary tabs 29 may extend across the line along which the main tab is doubled and be doubled with it, Fig. 3 (not shown). The auxiliary tabs may be cut from a single main tab extending the length of the carrier. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 959,988.
Patent GB-1071909-A (GB)
Title: A process for producing permselective hollow fibers
Inventor: MCLAIN EARL ANDERSON
IPC: D01D5/247
Filed: 1965-08-19
Abstract: Hollow perm selective fibres are prepared by melt extruding a thermoplastic polymer containing a plasticizer and subsequently leaching out the plasticizer.  A large number of polymers, plasticizers, and plasticizer solvents is specified.  The fibres may be used for separating mixtures of gases by diffusion and for the desalination of sea water by reverse osmosis.  Preferably the fibres do not exceed 350 microns in outside diameter, the range 10-50 microns being preferred, while the wall thickness is preferably 1/8 -\ba1/3 of the outside diameter.  Leaching may take place after extrusion or after sealing the fibres into a desalination cell, and the fibres should preferably be kept wet after leaching.  One apparatus uses a glass U-tube having an outlet valve at the bottom. The fibres are sealed in at both ends with an epoxy resin beyond which their ends project: another uses a Cu tube.  Pressures mentioned are 188 and 600 psig, the first applied to the inside of the fibres and the second to the outside.
Patent GB-432844-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to flat knitting machines
IPC: D04B15/54
Filed: 1934-12-12
Abstract: 432,844. K n i t t i n g - m a c h i n e s . LIEBERKNECHT GES., K., Oberlungwitz, Germany. Dec. 12, 1934, No. 35716. Convention date, Dec. 14, 1933. [Class 74 (ii)] Motion derived from an arm 1 reciprocating over a constant path is transmitted in a modified form to the thread guide of a flat knitting machine so as to actuate it without shock and without varying the lead of the guide relative to the slurcock during narrowing. The arm is connected by a rod 2 to a block 11, carried on a slidable rod 10, by a roller working in a cam groove 12 in the block. The roller is carried on a pin 3 which also carries a roller 4 working in a cam slot 5<a>-5<e>. While the roller 4 is traversing the part 5<a> of the cam slot the rod 10 remains stationary. When, at the point 5<b> the roller starts to enter the groove 12 the rod 10 accelerates at a rate corresponding to the contour of the groove 12, which differs somewhat from that of the groove 5<b>. While the roller 4 is traversing the groove 5<c> the rods 10, 2 travel at the same speed and when the roller 4 enters the groove 5d the rod 10 starts to slow down and comes to rest when the roller passes out of the groove 12. By choosing suitable cam contours the rod 10 may be given constant acceleration and deceleration. The plates 6, 7 in which the grooves 5<a>-5<e> are formed can be displaced relatively so as, in effect, to vary the distance between the inclined grooves 5b, 5d in accordance with the width of fabric to be worked.
Patent GB-982867-A (GB)
Title: Rapid-absorption device for chemical gas-analysers
IPC: G01N7/04
Filed: 1963-09-12
Abstract: 982,867. Gas analysis. H. MAIHAK A.G. Sept. 12, 1963 [April 23, 1963], No. 35962/63. Heading G1B. A gas analyser is provided with one or more absorption vessels 11 fed with liquid, to absorb a component of a gas mixture passing through the analyser, e.g. potassium lye for carbon dioxide, from a storage container 9 spaced from them, the vessel 9 being arranged outside the analyser housing 14 to communicate via a delivery pump 10 with the one or more absorption vessels 11 which contain an inert filler substance, therebeing a return conduit from the or each vessel 11 via an intermediate vessel 12 and a return-flow valve 13 to the container 9. A mechanical driving device 1 causes a sealing liquid e.g. mercury to rise and fall in a primary measuring vessel 2 and cut-off pipe 3. In operation the liquid is lowered drawing gas in through a gas humidifier 4 and inlet trap 5 to the vessel 2. During this time the pump 10 delivers liquid from the container 9, small volumes at a time to the absorption vessel 11, excess liquid draining back through the valve 13. When the vessel 2 is full of gas, the sealing liquid rises forcing the gas through the vessel 11 and into a secondary measuring vessel 7, where the volume is measured. During this absorption and measurement procedure the valve 13 is closed and the pump 10 inoperative. The pump 10 and valve 13 may be mechanically operated by the driving device 1 or by an electric motor by way of a contact made by the driving device. The container 9 may be used as a supply of absorption liquid for more than one absorption vessel 11. The inert filler substance for the vessel 11 may be porous ceramic grains or pieces of metal or glass or Raschig rings.
Patent GB-894727-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of oil from shale
IPC: C10G1/02
Filed: 1959-10-23
Abstract: 894,727. Distilling shale. SCOTTISH OILS Ltd., and STEWART, D. Sept. 7, 1960 [Oct. 23, 1959], No. 36051/59. Class 55 (2). Shale oil is produced by retorting in a vertical retort a mixture of graded shale, produced by sieving a crushed shale having a particle size such that between 6 and 9% by weight is capable of passing a 0.375 inch mesh sieve, and pellets formed from fine shale, capable of passing a 0.375 inch mesh sieve, in the absence of a tarry binder. The pellets may be produced from the fine shale derived during sieving to recover the graded shale and may be crushed, pressed and formed by rollers into ovoids. The retort, which may be externally and/or internally heated, has a charge of five to ten times as much graded shale as pellets.
Patent GB-302157-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to spring wheels
IPC: B60B9/02
Filed: 1928-12-07
Abstract: 302,157. Roue Elastique. Dec, 10, 1927, [Convention date]. Spring wheels.-A flexible rim 11 fitted with a tyre 12 is connected by pivoted spokes 8 to links 7 the other ends of which are pivoted on sleeves 5 secured between the sides of a drum 3 on the axle 1. A continuous rubber or metal spring 13 is stretched over the sleeves 5 and sleeves 8<1> surrounding the pivots 9 between the spokes 8 and the links 7. Means (not shown) may be provided for adjusting the tension of the spring 13.
Patent GB-1241973-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to supporting osmotic membranes
Inventor: SHAINES ALFRED
IPC: B01D67/00
Filed: 1968-07-30
Abstract: 1,241,973. Moulding tubes. AMERICAN STANDARD INC. 30 July, 1968, No. 36197/68. Heading B5A. [Also in Divisions B1 and D1] A pervious tubular body, intended to receive a reverse osmosis membrane internally or externally and to support it against working pressures, comprises one or more concentric, braided glass fibre sleeves, impregnated with epoxy or polyester resin which secures the fibres together but leaves interstices open. The interior or exterior surface which contacts the membrane may be lined or coated with a smooth layer of paper, cotton cloth or glass fibre matt. In manufacture, the layer is applied wet to a mandrel made of or coated with polytetrafluoroethylene and allowed to dry. The sleeves are axially compressed and fitted, one at a time, over the mandrel, each being pulled axially to contract radially on to the mandrel. Resin is applied by brushing or dipping, to each layer in turn or to all at once, surplus being squeezed off by wiping the assembly axially with a tightly fitting ring. The resin is then heat-cured and the body removed from the mandrel.
Patent GB-1096768-A (GB)
Title: New indane derivatives, processes for their preparation, and the derivatives when thus prepared
IPC: C07C59/46
Filed: 1964-12-17
Abstract: The novel d -lactone of a 1b -acyloxy-4-(21-carboxyethyl) - 5 - hydroxy - 7ab  - alkyl - 3aa , 4b ,7,7a-tetrahydro indane, wherein the 7a-alkyl group contains from 2-18 carbon atoms is obtained by reacting the corresponding 1b -hydroxy - 5 - oxo - 4 - (21 - carboxyethyl)-7ab  - alkyl - 3aa ,4b ,5,6,7,7a - hexahydroindane or a 1b -acyloxy derivative thereof with an acylating agent.
Patent GB-1365559-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus having a lid for a cavity therein
IPC: G03B19/04
Filed: 1971-08-02
Abstract: 1365559 Hinges EASTMAN KODAK CO 2 Aug 1971 [31 July 1970] 36214/71 Heading E2F [Also in Division G2] . An apparatus (e.g. a camera) has a cavity 1 (e.g. for a battery) and a closing lid 2, integrally formed with a support member 2a, preferably a spring element of resilient plastics material, attached by a flexible unjointed hinge 2f to the lid at one end whilst the other end rests in groove 1a in the cavity. The spring element forms part of a frame which is restrained by pins 2b in further grooves 1b in the apparatus. An integral finger piece 2d, may be depressed to bend the element and hence actuate release of the lid by disengaging a groove 2c in the lid from projection 3a on the opposing wall of the cavity. The lid may also be actuated by depression of knurling 2k. The battery contacts are the members 4 and 5. In a modification Fig. 3, 4 (not shown) the spring element (8a) pivots on pins (8d) provided in a groove (7a) of the casing, a cam (8b) is deformable into the groove, as shown, to open the lid by depression of recess (8f). A projection (8i) on the lid resiliently abuts part of the apparatus when closed and so provides an additional opening force to the film hinge when the lid is actuated.
Patent GB-764100-A (GB)
Title: Switching circuits employing junction transistors
IPC: H03K3/281
Filed: 1954-12-15
Abstract: 764,100. Two stable state transistor circuits. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Dec. 15, 1954 [Dec. 18, 1953], No. 36286/54. Class 40(6) Two complementary transistors 1, 2 are arranged with the output of each connected to the input of the other to form a loop, an input signal being applied at one point and an output derived from another. A latching circuit, that is a circuit set by one input and reset by another and a circuit set and reset by a change of polarity of a single input are described. Transistors 1, 2, Fig. 1, in the off condition with both switches 17S, 18S open, bias each other into the non-conducting state. The low collector potential of transistor 2 is applied over resistor 8 to the base of transistor 2 to bias it off, the emitter being held at the potential of battery 16. Negligible collector current flows giving a high back resistance which causes a low base current in transistor 2 with a consequent low collector current and potential near that of battery 13. When switch 17S is closed, the base potential of transistor 1 is raised causing a rise in the emitter and collector currents and fall in collector potential which is fed over resistor 3 to the base of transistor 2. The emitter and collector currents of transistor 2 rise together with the collector potential and this is fed back over resistor 8 to hold the base of transistor 1 positive and complete the regenerative loop, the opening of switch 17S now being ineffective. Operation of switch 18S raises the potential of the base of transistor 2 which cuts off at the emitter, the fall in collector potential being fed to transistor 1 to cut it off. The sources 17, 19 are usually of pulse form and by making one of larger amplitude it can be made the effective one when they occur simultaneously. The type of transistor and polarity of the batteries may be reversed, Fig. 4 (not shown). Circuit set and reset by-pulses of different polarity. In the off state with negligible collector current flowing, the collector of transistor 34, Fig. 7, is near the potential of battery 46 and resistors 37, 43 are chosen so that the base of transistor 33 is below earth and since the emitter is connected to earth over the emitter-base resistance of transistor 34, transistor 33 is cut off. As the emitter current of transistor 34 is low, the collector current is held low to complete the regeneerative loop. A positive pulse from source 41 overcomes the negative bias on the base of transistor 33 causing it to conduct and hence render transistor 34 conducting to maintain transistor 33 conducting after the input pulse has ceased. In a similar manner, the circuit is reset by a negative pulse from generator 41. The type of transistor and polarity of the batteries may be reversed, Fig. 10 (not shown).
Patent GB-1163348-A (GB)
Title: Cryogenic Liquid Transfer System
IPC: F16L59/14
Filed: 1967-08-08
Abstract: 1,163,348. Cooling liquefied gas conduits. AIR PRODUCTS & CHEMICALS Inc. 8 Aug., 1967 [2 Sept., 1966], No. 36409/67. Heading F4H. Liquefied gas is transferred from a source 10 to a discharge valve 16 through a line 14 which is surrounded by a conduit 24 into which liquid is bled from the upstream end of the line 14 and from the downstream end of which vapour is vented through a valve 28 in order to maintain the liquid phase in line 14. The valve 28 is automatically opened by a controller 32 when the temperature of the vapour at a senser 30 in the conduit 24 exceeds a given value. The outer boundary of the conduit 24 is insulated with a layer of foamed plastics and the valve 28 is set to open at a temperature of 50‹ to 100‹ F. above the atmospheric boiling point of the liquefied gas. The gas may be oxygen, helium, hydrogen or nitrogen and in the latter case the feed from the valve 16 may be utilized for food freezing. The vapour from the valve 28 may be used to provide an inert atmosphere for packaging the food or may be charged into cylinders for use at a remote location. Illustrative dimensions and operating conditions are disclosed.
Patent GB-1280350-A (GB)
Title: New curable mixtures of polyepoxide compounds, acid polyesters of aliphatic-cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acid anhydrides
IPC: H01B3/40
Filed: 1969-07-18
Abstract: 1280350 Curing epoxy resins CIBA GEIGY AG 18 July 1969 [24 July 1968] 36414/69 Heading C3B Heat curable mixtures comprise: (I) a cycloaliphatic polyepoxide whichpossesses at least one 1,2-epoxide group located on a 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic ring; (II) a polycarboxylic acid anhydride in an amount of 0À2-1À1 equivalents of anhydride groups per epoxide group equivalent of I; and (III) a polyester X<SP>1</SP>-A-X<SP>2</SP> in an amount of 0À02-0À4 moles per epoxide equivalent of I; X<SP>1</SP> and X<SP>2</SP> are OH or COOH and A is the residue of a polyester obtained by condensing an unsaturated or saturated dimer of a C 14-24  unsaturated fatty acid (which may be hydrogenated) with an aliphatic branched or straight chain diol; III has a M.W. of 1100-8000. Examples of I are 3<SP>1</SP>,4<SP>1</SP>-epoxycyclohexylmethyl- 3,4-epoxy cyclohexane carboxylate and its 6<SP>1</SP>,6 dimethyl analogue and 3-(3<SP>1</SP>,4<SP>1</SP>-epoxycyclohexyl) - 8,9 - epoxy - 2,4 - dioxaspiro[5.5]- undecane. II may be obtained from dimerized dehydrated castor oil fatty acid or dimerized oleic acid with an aliphatic diol, e.g. ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6- hexanediol, 1,2-propylene glycol or neopentyl glycol. The polyesters may have the formula or  where R<SP>1</SP> is the residue of the optionally hydrogenated dimer acid and R<SP>2</SP> is the radical obtained by removing the hydroxyl groups from the aliphatic diol; M is 1-20. The compositions may be cured by heating, e.g. for 16 hours at 140 C.
Patent GB-1470679-A (GB)
Title: Adhesive-applying apparatus
IPC: B65H37/02
Filed: 1974-08-20
Abstract: 1470679 Coating apparatus G PERONDI 20 Aug 1974 [21 Aug 1973] 36527/74 Heading B2L  Rigid or flexible sheets S from a stack 18 are transferred singly by a movable and pivotable vacuum head 74 to feed rolls 26 which propel the sheets between an upper glue roll 28 and a pair of presser rolls 86, 88 or a bridging ramp 212 mounted between adjustable yoke means 34 to a conveyor 30 for glued sheets. The presser rolls 86, 88 are adjusted by a knob 208 (Fig. 4) to curve more rigid sheets against the glue roll 28 or are replaced by the bridging ramp 212 (Fig. 6) for flexible sheets. In operation air is blown horizontally from apertures 73 in an air tube 75 against the top of the stack and the vacuum head 74 is actuated with its multiplicity of cups 85 to lift the top sheet. The head is lifted upward and forward through linkage controlled by cams 110 and 130 and places the sheet between the feed rolls 82, 84 (vertical movement of the roll 82 is controlled by a cam 144) which propel it to the glue roll 28.  A pneumatic cylinder 182 is actuated to tilt the vacuum head and hence flex the leading edge of a sheet when lifting it onto a ramp 80 leading to the feed rolls. Flexible hoodlike extentions may be fitted to the vacuum cups for dealing with stiff sheets when the cylinder 182 is not actuated. When the stack level falls a microswitch 68 (Fig. 2) is closed by a lever 60 connected to a sensor rod 54 resting on the top sheet to actuate a motor M2. This rotates sprockets 42 over which pass chains 37 to 40 supporting the base 36 of the stack. The lever 60 is connected to an arm 64 with its free end engaging the cam-controlled linkage to prevent adjustment of the stack height as the vacuum head is transferring a sheet.
Patent GB-1014982-A (GB)
Title: Electrolytic treatment of copper surfaces
Inventor: FAGAN CHRISTOPHER PHILLIP
IPC: H05K3/38
Filed: 1963-09-17
Abstract: A method of treating a surface of copper comprising applying an adherent coating of metallic copper to the surface by electrodeposition from an acidic aqueous solution containing copper ions and an aminocarboxylic acid sequestering agent, e.g. ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, substitution products thereof, diethylene tetramine penta-acetic acid or a salt thereof, in an amount insufficient to fully complex the copper present.  The solution may contain 40-100 gr./1. sulphuric acid and have a copper content of 4-20 gr./l.  At the preferred copper concentration of 20 gr./l. chloride ions may also be present.  A current density of 40-60 A./sq.foot is used for the electrodeposition, about 30 mg. of copper being deposited per square foot of copper surface.  Copper foil so treated may be bonded to boards of synthetic resin, the adhesive being applied to the treated side of the foil, to produce a copper-clad laminate.  To prevent an increase in the copper content of the electrolyte during use, both copper and lead anodes may be used, fed from separate controlled current sources.
Patent GB-1517638-A (GB)
Title: Operating mechanism for an electric switch having magnetically operable contacts
IPC: H01H36/00
Filed: 1976-09-03
Abstract: 1517638 Movable magnet switches ALLEN BRADLEY CO 3 Sept 1976 [4 Sept 1975] 36608/76 Heading H1N A movable magnet switch has a rectilinearly movable member 21 movable to rotate a cam element 30 to rotate a permanent magnet 25 arranged to provide a magnetic field normal to its longitudinal axis for operation of reed contact units 37, 38. The member 21 has a square end part 23 preventing rotation thereof and pins 22 extending into helical grooves 34 in the element 30. The magnet 25 may be shunted by a shield 50 (Fig. 5a) and be rotatable though 180 degrees between positions in which it influences one or other of contact units 37, 38. In the absence of the shield (Fig. 5c, not shown) the magnet is rotated through 90 degrees between contact closed and open positions. The shunts 50 of Fig. 5b provide operation on 180 degrees rotation and such rotation can provide reverse operation with a shield overlapping two adjacent sides of the magnet (Fig. 5d, not shown).