baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent TW-202204897-A (TW)
Title: Systems and methods for assaying large molecules with improved sensitivity
Inventor: XU KEYANG
IPC: G01N33/68
Filed: 2021-04-16
Abstract: The present application relates to systems and methods for assaying presence of large molecule analytes, such as proteins, e.g., antibodies, antigens, receptors, and the like, using a targeted two-dimensional liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS) system, optionally combined with affinity capture. In some aspects, the system is partially or fully automated. In some aspects, the system may allow detection of protein biomarkers (e.g., antibodies or antigens) from clinical or nonclinical biological tissue or fluid samples in the pg/mL to ng/mL range.
Patent TW-202208622-A (TW)
Title: 用於治療克拉培氏病之組成物
Inventor: WILSON JAMES M
IPC: C12N9/38
Filed: 2021-05-11
Abstract: 提供一種被調配用於遞送重組腺相關病毒(rAAV)載體之醫藥組成物，該載體包含AAV衣殼及具有人類半乳糖基神經醯胺酶(GALC)編碼序列的載體基因體。亦提供用於治療克拉培氏病(Krabbe disease)之包含rAAV的醫藥組成物之方法及用途。
Patent TW-202144409-A (TW)
Title: Use of combination of anti-VEGF antibody and anti-pd-1 antibody for preventing or treating disease
Inventor: YANG YONG
IPC: A61K39/395
Filed: 2021-05-11
Abstract: Provided are a use of a combination of an anti-VEGF antibody and an anti-PD-1 antibody for preventing or treating a disease and a pharmaceutical combination for preventing or treating tumor. The pharmaceutical combination comprises an anti-VEGF antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof and an anti-PD-1 antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein the anti-VEGF antibody is preferably bevacizumab; and the anti-PD-1 antibody comprises six CDRs, a heavy chain VH CDR1 comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, a heavy chain VH CDR2 comprising SEQ ID NO: 2, a heavy chain VH CDR3 comprising SEQ ID NO: 3, a light chain VL CDR1 comprising SEQ ID NO: 4, a light chain VL CDR2 comprising SEQ ID NO: 5 and a light chain VL CDR3 comprising SEQ ID NO: 6, which is a North definition rule. The pharmaceutical combination has the good curative effect in treating tumor diseases.
Patent TW-202143510-A (TW)
Title: Ultraviolet led and fabricating method therefor
Inventor: CHENG KAI
IPC: H01L33/36
Filed: 2021-05-12
Abstract: The present application provides an ultraviolet LED and a fabricating method therefor. In the manufacturing method, an N-type transition layer is formed on an electron provision layer and/or a P-type transition layer is formed on a hole provision layer, both materials of the electron provision layer and the hole provision layer at least comprise three elements, i.e., Al, Ga, and N, and the N-type transition layer and the P-type transition layer are made of GaN; an N electrode is formed on the N-type transition layer, and the N-type transition layer and the N electrode are in ohmic contact; a P electrode is formed on the P-type transition layer, and the P-type transition layer and the P electrode are in ohmic contact. Compared with direct formation of an ohmic contact electrode on an aluminum-containing GaN-based material, annealing can be cancelled, and the degradation of performance of the electron provision layer and the reduction of the electron hole recombination rate in an active layer caused by the high temperature in the annealing process are prevented.
Patent TW-202204693-A (TW)
Title: Electrolytic water spraying device
Inventor: ASAI FUMIAKI
IPC: C25B9/00
Filed: 2021-05-18
Abstract: An electrolytic water spraying device of the present disclosure comprises: a water storage unit which stores water; an input timing control unit which controls an input timing, which is a timing at which an electrolysis accelerator is input to the water storage unit; an input amount control unit which controls an input amount, which is the amount of the electrolysis accelerator input to the water storage unit; and an electrolysis unit which generates electrolytic water by electrolyzing the water to which the electrolysis accelerator is input and which is stored in the water storage unit.
Patent TW-202248576-A (TW)
Title: Air cleaning module with adjustable discharge voltage
Inventor: LIN AN-HSIN
IPC: F24F13/28
Filed: 2021-06-02
Abstract: An air cleaning module with adjustable discharge voltage is disclosed. It includes a power conversion unit, a first electrode, a second electrode, a high voltage generator, an abnormal discharge detection unit and an input voltage control unit. Since the input voltage control unit can control the high voltage generator to step down when abnormal discharge occurs between the first electrode and the second electrode, the air cleaning module with adjustable discharge voltage can continue to operate without being damaged by overheating. It solves the inconvenience that the current high-pressure plasma sterilization air purifier faces due to the forced shutdown of the high-pressure discharge.
Patent TW-202207486-A (TW)
Title: Bonded semiconductor element and production method for bonded semiconductor element
Inventor: ISHIZAKI JUNYA
IPC: H01L33/00
Filed: 2021-06-17
Abstract: The present invention is a bonded semiconductor element in which an epitaxial layer and a support substrate of a material different from that of the epitaxial layer have been bonded, said bonded semiconductor element being characterized in that one of the epitaxial layer and the support substrate has a radial pattern composed of recesses or protrusions that widen out radially from an given center point on a bonding surface. It is thus possible to provide a bonded semiconductor element in which separation and fracturing due to increases and decreases in temperature can be suppressed.
Patent TW-202208456-A (TW)
Title: Hydrogenated copolymer, resin composition, molded body and adhesive film
Inventor: HATTORI GOKI
IPC: C08L53/02
Filed: 2021-06-22
Abstract: A hydrogenated copolymer (X) which contains a hydrogenated copolymer (A) and a hydrogenated copolymer (B), while satisfying the requirements (1) to (4) described below. (1) The hydrogenated copolymer (A) has a random copolymer structure that is composed of a conjugated diene compound and a vinyl aromatic compound; and the content of the vinyl aromatic compound in the hydrogenated copolymer (A) is from 10% by mass to 80% by mass. (2) The hydrogenated copolymer (B) has a random copolymer structure that is composed of a conjugated diene compound and a vinyl aromatic compound; and the content of the vinyl aromatic compound in the hydrogenated copolymer (B) is from 10% by mass to 80% by mass. (3) The ratio of the (Mn1) of the hydrogenated copolymer (A) to the (Mn2) of the hydrogenated copolymer (B), namely Mn1/Mn2 is less than 0.25, with the Mn1 satisfying 1,000 ≤ Mn1 ≤ 40,000. (4) The mass ratio of the content of the hydrogenated copolymer (A) to the content of the hydrogenated copolymer (B), namely (A)/(B) is from 5/95 to 50/50.
Patent TW-202207510-A (TW)
Title: 電池模組和電池
Inventor: GLEITER ANDREAS
IPC: H01M10/613
Filed: 2021-06-28
Abstract: 本發明係關於一種電池模組，其具有串聯及/或並聯地導電互連之複數個電池單元（3），尤其係鋰離子電池單元（30），該複數個電池單元經容納於該電池模組（1）之一外殼（10）之一內部空間（5）中，該外殼具有一第一外殼元件（11），該第一外殼元件具有在該電池模組（1）之一縱向方向（6）上彼此相對配置的開口（9），其中平行於該電池模組（1）之該縱向方向（6）延伸且經設計以藉助於該第一外殼元件（11）而相對於該外殼（10）之該內部空間（5）為流體密封的至少一個溫度控制通道（2）係形成於該第一外殼元件（11）內，其中該第一外殼元件（11）另外形成至少一個固持元件（8），該至少一個固持元件經設計成以一形狀配合方式將該電池模組（1）容納在尤其一車輛中，且該溫度控制通道緊鄰該固持元件配置及/或該溫度控制通道經配置於該固持元件內。
Patent TW-202226310-A (TW)
Title: Inspection system
Inventor: TSUNO NATSUKI
IPC: H01J37/22
Filed: 2021-07-12
Abstract: This inspection system 100 comprises: an electron source 102 which irradiates a sample 200 with an inspection beam; a detector 105 which detects secondary electrons obtained by irradiating the sample 200 with the inspection beam and outputs a detection signal; a laser device 107 which emits an action laser that changes the amount of secondary electrons; an electron gun 106 which emits an action electron beam that changes the amount of secondary electrons; and a computer system 140 which generates an image of the sample 200 on the basis of the detection signal. The computer system 140 generates an inspection image I1 related to the emission of the inspection beam, acquires the dimensions and the like related to a pattern on the sample 200 on the basis of the inspection image I1, generates an inspection image I2 related to the emission of the action laser and the inspection beam, acquires the material characteristics related to the pattern on the basis of the inspection image I2, generates an inspection image I3 related to the emission of the action electron beam and the inspection beam, and acquires the electrical characteristics related to the pattern on the basis of the inspection image I3.
Patent TW-202305247-A (TW)
Title: A fan blade capable of repelling oil and water
Inventor: HSU CHIH-NENG
IPC: F04D29/02
Filed: 2021-07-22
Abstract: A fan blade capable of repelling oil and water mainly includes a protective membrane which includes Methyl group (CH
         3 ), Silicon (Si), Oxygen (O), and Hydrogen (H). After the protective membrane covers a wheel hub and each fan blade unit, a drying treatment is executed to allow the protective membrane to form an oil and water repellent thin layer on surfaces of the wheel hub and each fan blade unit. When the fan blade is operated, the oil and water repellent thin layer provides the wheel hub and each fan blade unit with a self-cleaning effect capable of repelling oil and water to thereby prevent the attachment of dust, greasy dirt, water of the external environment efficiently and prevent the operations of the wheel hub and the fan blade units from being affected because of the attachment of undue dirt. Therefore, the service life of the fan blade can be greatly extended.
Patent TW-202221938-A (TW)
Inventor: Zhu tong-tong
IPC: H01L33/32
Filed: 2021-08-03
Abstract: 一種發光二極體(LED)包含：一n摻雜部份；一p摻雜部份；及一發光區域，其設置在該n摻雜部份與該p摻雜部份之間。該發光區域包含：一發光層，其在電偏壓通過之情形下以在400與599 nm之間的一峰波長發光；一III族-氮化物層，其設置在該發光層上；及一III族-氮化物障壁層，其設置在該III族-氮化物層上。該發光二極體包含一III族-氮化物材料之多孔區域。在此亦提供一種LED陣列及一種製造LED之方法，該LED在電偏壓作用下具有在400 nm與599 nm之間的一峰發射波長。
Patent TW-202248553-A (TW)
Inventor: Chen hong-xia
IPC: F16D41/12
Filed: 2021-08-04
Abstract: 一種減速器的中間軸組件增加了單向離合器作為斷開機構，可以實現一個方向動力結合，另一個方向動力斷開。減速器之中間軸組件包含一中間軸、一襯套、一外齒輪以及一單向離合器。襯套與中間軸為花鍵連接。外齒輪對應襯套設置。單向離合器設置於襯套與外齒輪之間，襯套作為單向離合器的內圈滾道，外齒輪作為單向離合器的外圈滾道。當外齒輪朝一第一方向轉動時，單向離合器鎖止，以透過襯套帶動中間軸轉動。當外齒輪朝一第二方向轉動時，單向離合器不鎖止，使得外齒輪自由轉動。第一方向與第二方向相反。
Patent TW-202306711-A (TW)
Title: 插銷固定式手工具結構
Inventor: LO SHU-YI
IPC: B25B27/00
Filed: 2021-08-25
Abstract: 本發明係一種插銷固定式手工具結構，其係包括一工具頭體、一握柄體及一抵制固定塊體，藉由工具頭體、握柄體及抵制固定塊體間，設置相對之切角進行對合定位，使其相互間透過切角進行穩定緊固卡制，整體結構簡易且組裝便利，有效降低生產及組裝成本，以達結構穩定性及組裝便利性佳之功效。
Patent TW-202220060-A (TW)
Inventor: HARADA NOZOMU
IPC: H01L29/78
Filed: 2021-09-02
Abstract: SiN layers 12a, 12b and 12c and a SiO 2  layer 11a, which surround top first mask layers 7a, 7b and 7c and Si pillars 10a, 10b and 10c and are formed in a self-aliment manner with respect to Si pillars 10a, 10b and 10c, are used as an etching mask to form a N+ layer 3aa and a P+ layer 4aa which are bottom doped regions. Then, a SiO 2  layer 14 which has a top surface on the bottom of N+ layer 3aa, P+ layer 4aa is formed. Then, a W layer 16 is formed selectively on a side surface of the exposed N+ 
layer 3aa, P+ layer 4aa. Then, in the plan view, a contact hole for connecting with a wiring metal layer is disposed on the W layer 16.
Patent TW-202218659-A (TW)
Title: Phenol derivative
Inventor: YOSHIDA KOZO
IPC: A61K31/215
Filed: 2021-09-03
Abstract: A compound represented by formula (2): [in the formula, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, etc., R2 represents a methoxy group, etc., R3 represents a hydrogen atom, etc., R4 represents an optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl group, etc., m represents 0, 1, or 2, n represents 0, 1, 2, or 3, L1 represents -NH-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-NH-, etc., L2 represents a single bond, etc., X represents an optionally substituted phenyl, etc., Y represents an optionally substituted phenyl, etc., where X and Y are bonded by carbon atoms on their respective rings] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Patent TW-202225448-A (TW)
Inventor: WEIMER MATTHEW SCOTT
IPC: C23C16/513
Filed: 2021-09-24
Abstract: 本文提供形成可灰化硬遮罩(AHM)之方法及相關設備。在特定實例中，使用含鹵素前驅物可提供具有改進抗蝕刻性之AHM。
Patent TW-202314507-A (TW)
Title: System for filtering test data based on outliers to predict test time and method thereof
Inventor: YU LI
IPC: G06F11/30
Filed: 2021-09-24
Abstract: A system for filtering test data based on outliers to predict test time and a method thereof are provided. By integrating component data corresponding to various test models and test history data of various test machines for generating test time data of each of the test machine corresponding the tested model, performing statistical analysis on test time data to obtain outliers of the test history data, deleting record beyond the outliers from the test history data to generate training data, and establishing a time prediction model according to the training data to predict test time of the target model, the system and the method can improve the accuracy of estimated test time of whole machine, and can achieve the effect of reducing the complexity and workload of estimated test time of whole machine.
Patent TW-202228916-A (TW)
Title: Platen surface modification and high-performance pad conditioning to improve cmp performance
Inventor: LEE HEUNG-GYUN CHRISTOPHER
IPC: B24B37/10
Filed: 2021-09-27
Abstract: Embodiments herein generally relate to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) systems and methods for reducing non-uniform material removal rate at or near the peripheral edge of a substrate when compared to radially inward regions therefrom. In one embodiment, a polishing system includes a substrate carrier comprising an annular retaining ring which is used to surround a to-be-processed substrate during a polishing process and a polishing platen. The polishing platen includes cylindrical metal body having a pad-mounting surface. The pad-mounting surface comprises a plurality of polishing zones which include a first zone having a circular or annular shape, a second zone circumscribing the first zone, and a third zone circumscribing the second zone. A surface of the second zone is recessed from surfaces of the first and third zones adjacent thereto, and a width of the second zone is less than an outer diameter of the annular retaining ring.
Patent TW-202316180-A (TW)
Title: Method for manufacturing composite wooden eyeglasses in which human factor data analysis is applied to make an eyeglasses frame
Inventor: CHEN DIAN-LI
IPC: G02C5/00
Filed: 2021-10-01
Abstract: A method for manufacturing composite wooden eyeglasses is an innovated manufacturing process that uses a customized shape design, implementing human factor data analysis based on measured dimensions of a wearer face, and performing 3D modeling of an eyeglasses frame with computer graphic software, and then alternately stacking and cementing multiple pieces of composite materials formed of long and short fiber wood sheets inlaid with carbon fibers by means of cross lamination according to the modeling dimension, and then compressing with a shaping mold to form a piece of wooden laminated composite wood plate having a curved outline of the eyeglasses frame, and then applying CNC numerical machining process to the composite wood plate so formed to carry out milling and cutting to thereby form the eyeglasses frame and temples, and finally assembling the eyeglasses frame and the temples together by using metal hinge parts, and also fitting eyeglasses lens therein, so that a product of a pair of customized composite wooden frame eyeglasses that features high strength, high expandability, and high recognizability is obtained.
Patent TW-202215671-A (TW)
Inventor: YANG KUO-CHANG ROBERT
IPC: H01L29/78
Filed: 2021-10-04
Abstract: A lateral surface gate vertical field effect transistor with adjustable output capacitance is described herein. The lateral surface gate vertical field effect transistor includes both a lateral gate and a trench gate. The lateral gate modulates a surface channel and the trench gate includes a controllable depth. The controllable depth may be varied to advantageously adjust output capacitance.
Patent TW-202229630-A (TW)
Title: Substrate processing apparatus
Inventor: JANG DAE-SOO
IPC: C23C16/509
Filed: 2021-10-13
Abstract: The present invention relates to a substrate processing apparatus including: a chamber; a chamber lid supporting an upper portion of the chamber; a susceptor installed opposite to the chamber lid to support a substrate; a gas injector injecting a plurality of gases; and a sag prevention bolt installed in the chamber lid, the sag prevention bolt being capable of being coupled to the gas injector, wherein the sag prevention bolt includes a plurality of paths enabling the plurality of gases to flow therein.
Patent TW-202244555-A (TW)
Inventor: CHANG CHIA-SHUAI
IPC: G02B7/02
Filed: 2021-10-20
Abstract: 本發明公開一種非迴焊式感測鏡頭，包含一電路載板、固定於所述電路載板表面的一光學模組、安裝於所述電路載板的一感測晶片、電性耦接所述感測晶片與所述電路載板的多條導線、一支撐膠層、及一透光片。所述電路載板於所述表面形成有一置晶槽，所述感測晶片位於所述置晶槽內，並且所述感測晶片的頂面與所述電路板的所述表面形成有不大於10微米的段差。所述支撐膠層呈環狀且設置於所述感測晶片的所述頂面，所述透光片設置於所述支撐膠層上且面向所述感測晶片。
Patent TW-202221167-A (TW)
Title: Condition monitoring system for metal recovery device
Inventor: NAGATA MAKOTO
IPC: C22B7/00
Filed: 2021-10-21
Abstract: Provided is a system for monitoring the condition of a metal recovery device. The condition monitoring system comprises a metal recovery device and a control device. The metal recovery device comprises a voltage measurement unit for measuring the voltage between a negative electrode and a positive electrode. The control device comprises a data calculation unit for processing measured voltage data received from the voltage measurement unit. The data calculation unit calculates, as a feature amount, a derivative value on the basis of the voltage data, compares the feature amount against a prescribed threshold value, and when the feature amount is the threshold value or greater, diagnoses the positive electrode as being in a maintenance-required state.
Patent TW-202321935-A (TW)
Title: Synchronization correction method, master device and slave device
Inventor: WANG YU-MIN
IPC: G06F13/42
Filed: 2021-11-15
Abstract: The disclosure provides a synchronization correction method, a master device and a slave device. The method includes: in a first period of an i-th second, sending a synchronization signal frame to the slave device, wherein the synchronization signal frame includes a synchronization header, a pulse per second (1PPS) signal, a first time of date (ToD) information, and a first phase compensation information, wherein the first phase compensation information is used to request the slave device to correct a transmission time point at which a first reference 1PPS signal is transmitted in a second period of the i-th second; during the second period of the i-th second, receiving the first reference 1PPS signal from the slave device; determining a second phase compensation information sent to the slave device in a first period of an (i+1)-th second according to a receiving time point when the first reference 1PPS signal is received.
Patent TW-202321795-A (TW)
Title: 具有可調整反射率之電致變色裝置及其形成方法
Inventor: JAING CHENG-CHUNG
IPC: G02F1/15
Filed: 2021-11-22
Abstract: 一種具有可調整反射率之電致變色裝置及其形成方法，包括：一基板及形成於該基板上的複數個堆疊組合結構，其中，每一堆疊組合結構包含一電致變色層與一金屬電極層，以利用該金屬電極層作為吸收膜吸收一入射光，並且，通過電致變色層之電致變色作用，使所形成之電致變色裝置可產生兩種以上的反射率與顏色，並在該等反射率與顏色間進行切換。本發明所揭露之電致變色裝置及其形成方法，係省卻使用現有的透明導電薄膜，可直接採用電致變色層的金屬元素作為電極材料，從而優化本發明之發明功效，除了可降低製程成本，亦具有較佳的簡易與方便性。
Patent TW-202231097-A (TW)
Inventor: SHUKLA AMIT
IPC: H04W76/19
Filed: 2021-11-29
Abstract: 本文的揭示內容與回復在第一裝置和第二裝置之間的無線通信有關。在一個態樣中，第一裝置從睡眠模式進入喚醒模式。在一個態樣中，第一裝置回應於進入喚醒模式而取得儲存資訊，其指出先前用來與第二裝置通信之無線頻道，以監視來自第二裝置之信標訊框。在一個態樣中，依據儲存資訊，第一裝置接收來自第二裝置之信標訊框。在一個態樣中，回應於接收到信標訊框，第一裝置將關聯訊框傳輸到第二裝置。
Patent TW-202234894-A (TW)
Inventor: RAY BAPPADITYA
IPC: H04N19/61
Filed: 2021-12-28
Abstract: A device for decoding a bitstream that includes point cloud data is configured to determine an octree that defines an octree-based splitting of a space containing the point cloud, wherein a leaf node of the octree contains one or more points of the point cloud; and directly decode positions of each of the one or more points in the leaf node, wherein to directly decode the positions of each of the one or more points in the leaf node, the one or more processors are further configured to: generate a prediction of the one or more points; and determine the one or more points based on the prediction.
Patent TW-202329597-A (TW)
Title: Self-excited active clamp circuit which is applied to the primary side of a transformer of a flyback power conversion device in a boundary current mode
Inventor: WU CHENG-ZHOU
IPC: H02M3/335
Filed: 2022-01-04
Abstract: The present invention is a self-excited active clamp circuit, which is applied to the primary side of a transformer of a flyback power conversion device in a boundary current mode (BCM). The self-excited active clamp circuit comprises a clamp switch connected in series between a first capacitor and a second capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the primary winding of the transformer of the power conversion device, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the switching switch of the power conversion device. One control end of the clamp switch is connected to the switching switch through a resistor. Accordingly, the present invention can automatically determine on/off of the clamp switch based on the voltage polarity of the primary winding of the transformer. The first and second capacitors can not only absorb surge, but also the voltage division value on the second capacitor can make the gate of the clamp switch achieve an ideal driving voltage. When the clamp switch is turned on, it has a smaller on-resistance to reduce losses.
Patent TW-202227156-A (TW)
Title: Method of treatment by radiotherapy
Inventor: CHEN JAMES CHINAN
IPC: A61B6/08
Filed: 2022-01-11
Abstract: Provided is a method for treating a target tissue in a subject by using a particle beam, or further in combination with a reactant. The method includes irradiating the target tissue with the particle beam by scanning under a controlled path in the target tissues.
Patent TW-202235495-A (TW)
Title: Poly(amide-imide) resin, resin composition, and semiconductor device
Inventor: HASHIMOTO GAKU
IPC: H01L23/29
Filed: 2022-01-14
Abstract: A poly(amide-imide) resin comprising a structural unit (Ia) represented by the following formula and at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of structural units (IIa), (IIb), and (IIc) represented by the following formulae. In the structural unit (Ia), the X moieties each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, C1-C9 alkyl groups, C1-C9 alkoxy groups, and hydroxyalkyl groups. In the structural units (IIa), (IIb), and (IIc), the S moieties each independently represent a C1-C3 alkyl group, a is an integer of 0-4, b is an integer of 0-3, and c is an integer of 0-4.
Patent TW-202318608-A (TW)
Inventor: HUANG TSE-YAO
IPC: H01L23/50
Filed: 2022-01-19
Abstract: The present application discloses a semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a first chip including: a first inter-dielectric layer positioned on a first substrate; a plug structure positioned in the first inter-dielectric layer and electrically coupled to a functional unit of the first chip; a first redistribution layer positioned on the first inter-dielectric layer and distant from the plug structure; a first lower bonding pad positioned on the first redistribution layer; and a second lower bonding pad positioned on the plug structure; and a second chip positioned on the first chip and including: a first upper bonding pad positioned on the first lower bonding pad; a second upper bonding pad positioned on the second lower bonding pad; and a plurality of storage units electrically coupled to the first upper bonding pad and the second upper bonding pad.