Patent GB-404363-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the colouration of textiles
IPC: D06P3/44
Filed: 1931-10-26
Abstract: Cellulose esters or ethers, dyeing; azo dyes, forming on the material; printing.--Materials made of or containing cellulose esters or ethers are dyed, printed, stencilled, or otherwise coloured by applying, in the free state, and in the form of an aqueous dispersion, an arylamide of an aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid, other than an arylamide of an oxynaphthoic acid, and coupling with a diazo component.  The use as coupling components is specified of arylamides of (1) hydroxycarbazolecarboxylic acids and of hydroxynaphthocarbazolecarboxylic acids obtainable by the action of carbon dioxide on the corresponding hydroxycarbazoles and hydroxynaphthocarbazoles, (cf. Specifications 303,901 and 330,643, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]), (2) salicylic acid or its homologues or substitution products, e.g., o-, m-or p-cresotinic acid, (3) hydroxycarboxylic acids of diphenyl, diphenylamine, benzophenone, or diphenylsulphone, e.g. 4-hydroxybenzophenone-3-carboxylic acid, 3-hydroxydiphenylamine-4-carboxylic acid or -4-hydroxy diphenylsulphone-3-carboxylic acid or homologues or halogen or other substitution products thereof.  Specified amines from which the arylamides may be derived are aniline, o-or p-toluidine, xylidines, or the halogen, nitro or alkoxy substitution products thereof, 4-aminodiphenylamine, or its 2<1>-methoxy derivative, 1- or 2- naphthylamine and 1-amino-2-methoxynaphthalene.  The diazo components used may be those referred to in Specification 310,779, [Class 15 (ii), Dyeing, Processes &c. for], or amines of the type R2.NH.R1.NH2 in which R1 and R2 are aromatic residues.  When such aminodiarylamines are used any nitroso group formed during diazotization may be removed by treatment after the coupling with mild reducing agents such as sodium sulphide, sulphites or hydroquinone.  The dispersion of the arylamide may be obtained by fine milling or grinding with or without dispersators and/or protective colloids, by precipitation in the presence of protective colloids, or by treatment with the dispersators described in Specifications 219,349, 224,925, 242,393, 242,711, 269,960, 273,819, 273,820, 322,737, or 323,788, [all in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.].  The dispersion may be facilitated by the presence of small quantities of alkali giving a pH value of about 7.2.  The following examples are specified.  (1) Cellulose acetate yarn is dyed a deep brown by treatment with an aqueous turkey red oil dispersion of the anilide of 2-hydroxycarbazole-3-carboxylic acid and 5-nitro-2-aminoanisol with gradual rise of temperature to 75 DEG  C., followed by rinsing, development for \ba1/2\be-hour in a cold bath containing sodium nitrite and followed by rinsing, development for \ba1/2\be-hour in a cold bath containing sodium nitrite and acetic acid, further rinsing and treatment, with gradual rise of temperature to 75 DEG  C., in a bath containing sodium carbonate and Marseilles soap.  (2) A cellulose acetate knit fabric is dyed a clear yellowish brown by treatment on a winch machine for 1\ba1/2\be hours at 75 DEG  C. with an aqueous turkey red oil dispersion containing the anilide of 2-hydroxycarbazole-3-carboxylic acid and 2 : 5-dichloraniline, following by rinsing, development for \ba1/2\be-hour in a cold bath containing sodium nitrite and acetic acid, and further treatment for \ba1/2\be-hour in a cold bath containing soda ash and, after addition of soap, for a further hour with rise of temperature to 75 DEG  C. (3) Cellulose acetate yarn is dyed brown by treating for one hour at 70 DEG  C. in a bath containing a fine aqueous dispersion of 4-nitraniline and soap, rinsing, treating for \ba1/2\be-hour in a cold bath containing sodium nitrite and acetic acid, again rinsing, and developing in a bath containing an aqueous turkey red oil dispersion of the anilide of 2-hydroxycarbazole-3-carboxylic acid with a small addition of caustic soda and glucose, the temperature being gradually raised during two hours to 70 DEG  C.  (4) Cellulose acetate yarn is similarly dyed nut-brown by diazotizing on the fibre the dyestuff 4-nitraniline--> p-xylidine and developing with an aqueous dispersion of the anilide of o-cresotinic acid.  (5) A cellulose acetate knit fabric is dyed a brownish orange by treatment on a winch machine as in (2) above with an aqueous turkey red oil dispersion containing the dyestuff aniline-->1--naphthylamine and the anilide of salicylic acid and further treatment as in (2). (6) A cellulose acetate fabric is printed with a paste containing aqueous dispersions of the anilide of 2 - hydroxycarbazole - 3 - carboxylic acid and 4-nitraniline, methylated spirit and gum arabic thickening, steamed for \ba1/2\be-hour, washed, treated in a bath containing sodium nitrite and acetic acid, again washed, treated in a cold bath containing sodium carbonate and soap and further treated for \ba1/2\be-hour in the same bath heated to 75 DEG  C. to obtain a fast brown print.  4-Hydroxydiphenylsulphone-3-carboxylic acid is obtained by condensing 1 - hydroxy - 2 - carboxybenzene - 4 - sulphinic acid with 4-nitrochlorobenzene, reducing the nitro group and replacing the resulting amino group by hydroxy by diazotization.