Patent GB-880255-A (GB)
Title: New epoxycycloaliphatic trioxane derivatives and their preparation
IPC: C08K5/159
Filed: 1959-10-27
Abstract: Hardened epoxy resins are formed by treating epoxycycloaliphatic trioxane compounds of the formula <FORM:0880255/IV (a)/1> in which Z1 and Z2 each represent a residue of the formula <FORM:0880255/IV (a)/2> where R1 to R9 each represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent such as a halogen atom, an alkoxy group or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon residue, preferably a C1-C4 alkyl group, and where R1 and R5 together may also form a divalent hydrocarbon substituent such as a methylene group and Z3 either has the same meaning as Z1 or Z2 or represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated aliphatic residue, with conventional hardeners for epoxy compounds. suitable hardeners are aliphatic or aromatic, primary, secondary or tertiary amines, e.g. mono-, di- and tri-butylamines, p-phenylene-diamine, bis-[p-aminophenyl]-methane, ethylenediamine, N:N-diethyl-ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tetrahydroxyethyl-diethylene triamine, triethylene-tetramine, tetraethylene-pentamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethanolamine, Mannich's bases, piperidine, piperazine, guanidine and guanidine derivatives such as phenyl diguanidine, diphenyl guanidine, dicyandiamide, aniline-formaldehyde resins, ureaformaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, polymers of aminostyrenes, polyamides such as those of aliphatic polyamines with dimerized or trimerized unsaturated fatty acids, isocyanates, isothiocyanates; polyhydric phenols such as resorcinol, hydroquinone, bis[4-hydroxyphenyl]-dimethyl methane, quinone, phenolaldehyde resins, oil-modified phenol-aldehyde resins, reaction products of aluminium alcoholates or phenolates with compounds of tautomeric reaction of the type of acetoacetic ester, Friedel Crafts catalysts such as aluminium chloride, antimony pentachloride, stannic chloride, zinc chloride, boron trifluoride and their organic complexes; phosphoric acid; polycarboxylic acids and anhydrides such as phthalic anhydride, methyl endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, dodecenyl-succinic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, hexachloroendomethylene tetrahydrophthalic anhydride or endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, or mixtures thereof; maleic or succinic anhydride, and if desired an accelerator such as a tertiary amine and a polyhydroxy compound such as hexanetriol or glycerol can be added. The hardenable mixtures preferably contain a proportion of the epoxide which have been wholly or partially hydrolysed.  Other epoxides such as mono- or polyglycidyl ethers of butanol, butane-1:4-diol, glycerol, resorcinol, bis[4-hydroxyphenyl]-dimethylmethane or novolaks, polyglycidyl esters of polycarboxylic acids, e.g. phthalic acid, and aminopolyepoxides such as those obtained by dehydrohalogenation of reaction products of epihalohydrins with primary or secondary amines such as n-butylamine, aniline or p  4:41-di [monomethylamino]-diphenyl-methane.  Suitable extenders and fillers are asphalt, bitumen, glass fibres, mica, quartz powder, cellulose, caolin, finely divided silicic acid or metal powders.  In examples, (3) a casting resin mixture is made from an epoxy resin obtained from 4:41-dihydrodiphenyl dimethylmethane with epichlorohydrin and sodium hydroxide, with phthalic anhydride and epoxidized trimeric D 3-tetrahydrobenzaldehyde (i.e. 1, 3, 5-tris-(3, 4 epoxycyclohexyl)-trioxane.); (4) 2-methyl-4:6-di[3, 4 epoxycyclohexyl]-trioxane is hardened with phthalic anhydride in an aluminium mould.ALSO:The invention comprises epoxycycloaliphatic trioxane compounds of the formula <FORM:0880255/IV (b)/1> in which Z1 and Z2 each represent a residue of the formula <FORM:0880255/IV (b)/2> where R1 to R9 each represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent such as a halogen atom, an alkoxy group or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon residue, more especially an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and where R1 and R5 together may also form a divalent hydrocarbon substituent such as a methylene group and Z3 either has the same meaning as Z1 or Z2 or represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated aliphatic residue. The epoxy compounds may be made by epoxidation of the corresponding unsaturated compounds by treatment with an organic peracid, or with hypochlorous acid and a dehydrochlorinating agent, such as strong alkali.  The unsaturated cycloaliphatic trioxanes are made by trimerisation of 3-cyclohexane-aldehydes, mixtures of such aldehydes, or mixtures of such cyclic aldehydes with saturated aliphatic aldehydes in the presence of hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, boron trifluoride or its complexes, e.g. etherates.  The novel epoxy compounds may be hardened to form epoxy resins (see Group IV (a)).