Patent GB-946429-A (GB)
Title: A method of operating plant for the conversion of carbon monoxide
IPC: C01B3/16
Filed: 1961-10-16
Abstract: A method of operating plant production of a hydrogen-rich gas by the conversion and removal of CO from the gas, comprises heating and saturating the gas with water vapour in a saturator 102, converting the gas, e.g. with an iron oxide catalyst, in a converter 101, and cooling the converted gas in a cooler 103 by contacting the gas with a trickling stream of an alkaline solution capable of absorbing gaseous acidic components. The alkaline solution is also passed through the saturator 102. Crude gas enters the saturator 102 at 110 where CO2 and H2S are removed and the gas heated to 67 DEG  C., by the solution, which may be an <PICT:0946429/C1/1> aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of a weak inorganic or organic acid.  Inorganic acids mentioned are carbonic, phosphoric and boric, and organic acids are amino acids and aromatic hydrocarbons containing one or more OH groups, e.g. phenols and salicylic acid. Alkali metal arsenate/arsenite redox systems and ferricyanides are specifically mentioned. Superheated steam is added at 113 and the gas temperature raised to 360 DEG C. in a heat-exchanger 112 through which the gas again passes after traversing the converter 101.  The gas is cooled by regenerated solution in an exchanger 115 before reaching the cooler 103 where CO2 and H2S formed during conversion are removed, and leaves the plant at 116. The solution, which is heated at 115, 119 is pumped through the saturator 102, where it is cooled, and the cooler 103, where it is heated, and enters a tower 104 for regeneration with hot moist air from an air heater and saturator 105 before being recycled.  In a modification, Fig. 1 (not shown), part only of the recycled solution is regenerated, being first cooled and then passed through an aerating tower which oxidizes the H2S to sulphur, which is filtered out, or to a sulphate, which is crystallized out.  In another modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), the solution leaving the regenerator is divided into two streams circulating respectively through the saturator and the cooler before recombining to re-enter the regenerator, the saturator acting as a hot gas scrubber and the cooler as a cold gas scrubber. Two examples of a purified gas are given, namely (% ages by volume):  CO2 8.0, hydrocarbons 23.1, CO 1.2, H2 54.3, N2 13.4; and CO2 1.9, CO 2.4, H2 90.8, hydrocarbons 3.1, N2 1.8 and 0.002 H2S.ALSO:<PICT:0946429/C3/1> A method of operating plant for the conversion of CO in a gas comprises heating and saturating the gas with water vapour in a saturator 102, converting the gas, e.g. with an iron oxide catalyst, in a converter 101, and cooling the converted gas in a cooler 103 by contacting the gas with a trickling stream of an alkaline solution capable of absorbing gaseous acidic components. The alkaline solution is also passed through the saturator 102. Crude gas enters the saturator 102 at 110 where CO2 and H2S are removed and the gas heated to 67 DEG C. by the solution, which may be an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of a weak inorganic or organic acid.  Inorganic acids mentioned are carbonic, phosphoric and boric, and organic acids are amino acids and aromatic hydrocarbons containing one or more OH groups, e.g. phenols and salicylic acid. Alkali metal arsenate/arsenite redox systems and ferricyanides are specifically mentioned. Superheated steam is added at 113 and the gas temperature raised to 360 DEG  C. in a heat-exchanger 112 through which the gas again passes after traversing the converter 101.  The gas is cooled by regenerated solution in an exchanger 115 before reaching the cooler 103 where CO2 and H2S formed during conversion are removed, and leaves the plant at 116.  The solution, which is heated at 115, 119, is pumped through the saturator 102, where it is cooled, and the cooler 103, where it is heated, and enters a tower 104 for regeneration with hot moist air from an air heater and saturator 105 before being recycled.  In a modification, Fig. 1 (not shown), part only of the recycled solution is regenerated, being first cooled and then passed through an aerating tower which oxidizes the H2S to sulphur, which is filtered out, or to a sulphate, which is crystallized out.  In another modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), the solution leaving the regenerator is divided into two streams circulating respectively through the saturator and the cooler before recombining to re-enter the regenerator, the saturator acting as a hot gas scrubber and the cooler as a cold gas scrubber.  Two examples of a purified gas are given, namely (percentages by volume): CO2 8.0, hydrocarbons 23.1, CO 1.2, H2 54.3, N2 13.4; and CO2 1.9, CO 2.4, H2 90.8, hydrocarbons 3.1, N2 1.8 and 0.002 H2S.