Patent GB-586997-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the finishing of textiles
IPC: D06M13/47
Filed: 1944-02-09
Abstract: Textiles are finished by impregnating them with an aqueous solution of a quaternary nitrogen salt of a monoether of dimethylolurea of the general formula <FORM:0586997/IV/1> where N(tert) is a tertiary nitrogen base and Y is an anion of a salt-forming acid, e.g. Cl, Br and I and subjecting them to heating at temperatures above 80 DEG  C. to decompose the salt and set the resin on the textile fibres. Water-insoluble ethers of dimethylol urea of the general formula ROCH-NH-CO-NH-CH2OR1 are combined with salts of tertiary nitrogen bases the most important of which have the general formula <FORM:0586997/IV/2> <FORM:0586997/IV/3> where R1 is an alcohol-forming radical, e.g. methyl, ethyl or propyl alcohol and R is a radical of an alcohol containing 4 or more carbon atoms, e.g. butyl, amyl, n-octyl, n-decyl, n-dodecyl, n-tetradecyl, octadecyl or other higher alcohols obtainable by the reduction of coconut fatty acid mixtures.  Branched chain alcohols such as isobutyl and isoamyl alcohols, 2 - 3- and 4 - methyl pentanol - 1's, 2 - ethyl - hexanol-1, 5-ethylnonanol-2 and 3.9-diethyl-tridecanol-6 may be used as well as cycloaliphatic and heterocyclic alcohols, e.g. cyclohexanol and benzyl alcohol. X1, X2 and X3 are alkyl radicals, preferably methyl or ethyl, Z is the residue of a pyridine base.  The tertiary nitrogen base may be trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, one of the alkyl substituted pyridines or picolines, or a pyridine base containing condensed aromatic nuclei, e.g. one of the quinolines.  The dimethylolurea ethers are reacted with the nitrogen base salts by heating together at 30-80 DEG  C., preferably 40-60 DEG C.  Pyridinium salts are the more easily condensed, particularly those formed with hydrochloric, hydrobromic, nitric and sulphurous acids, and in preference to acetic and chloracetic acids.  The salts are applied to the textile in aqueous solution in conjunction with curing accelerators such as acid salts of phosphoric acid, hexamethylene - tetramine, starches, gums and sulphonated oils. Water-soluble methylol melamines or their water-soluble methyl ethers, or water-soluble methylol ureas may be added.  A 5-15 per cent solution of the quaternary nitrogen salt is used and the textile treated by immersion spraying or other mechanical process, dried and heated in an oven at 240-300 DEG  F. and washed in aqueous soap solution containing sodium carbonate to remove the nitrogen base.  In one example, dimethoxy dimethylurea is prepared by dissolving 1 part dimethylol-urea in 2 parts methanol containing .0025 parts oxalic acid, adding NaOH to raise the pH value to 8.0, concentrating and crystallising. 148 parts of the crystals are heated at 85-100 DEG  C. with 270 parts of n-octadecanol and 1 part of phthalic acid to yield the stearyl methyl ether of dimethylol urea.  58.6 parts of the latter, 40 parts of 95 per cent ethyl alcohol and 11.5 parts of pyridine hydrochloride are reacted at 70 DEG  C. for 30 minutes, and the solution evaporated.  10 parts of the dried powder dissolved in 30 parts alcohol and 100 parts water are used for padding cotton cloth and spun rayon challis, which are then dried, cured at 290 DEG F., washed 15 minutes in 1 per cent soap solution, dried and ironed. Lauryl alcohol may replace the stearyl alcohol in the above example. Further examples describe the preparation and use of the salts of trimethoxy methylmelamine and pyridinium sulphite and of butyl octyl diether of dimethylol urea and pyridinium hydrochloride.