Patent GB-920535-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to arrangements for providing a representation in digital form of the relative position of a pair of relatively movable members
Inventor: WAYMAN CECIL JOHN
IPC: H03M1/00
Filed: 1959-01-12
Abstract: 920,535. Electric selective signalling systems. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Jan. 11, 1960 [Jan. 12, 1959 (2)], Nos. 1051/59 and 1052/59. Class 40 (1). In a shaft digitizer using fine FD and coarse CD digitizers, Fig. 1, coupled by gears, the coarse digitizer is so arranged that when the input shaft 1<SP>1</SP> is in a neighbourhood of each position when theoretically (with perfect gears) the output of the coarse digitizer should change it can produce either one of two sets of output signals-which correspond to lead and lag sensing-and the appropriate one of the two is selected by an electrical connection from the fine digitizer. Each digitizer comprises a laminated stator 7, Figs. 2, 3, having 32 polepieces and a U-shaped rotor 5a, 5b, arranged to embrace the polepieces. The polepieces carry a set of windings 9-28, and a further coil 14 also embraced by the rotor is arranged on the left side (as seen in Fig. 2) of the stator. In operation an A.C. current is applied continuously through the coil 14 and, as a result, a combination of in-phase and out-of-phase signals are induced in windings 9-13, the particular combination corresponding to the angular position of the rotor. The electrical connections to the coarse and fine digitizers are shown in Fig. 5, the windings in the fine digitizer being referenced with dashed numerals. Thus, in Fig. 5, each coil 14 receives A.C. current continuously and the two sets of coils 9-13 and 9<SP>1</SP>-13<SP>1</SP> produce combinations of in-phase and out-of-phase signals corresponding to the positions of the coarse and the rotors respectively. The winding 18 on the coarse digitizer (the winding not being used on the fine digitizer) is controlled by highest significant bit from the fine digitizer and effects the desired electrical coupling between the two digitizers which eliminates (or compensates for) backlash in the gears. Winding 28 functions as follows: The coarse digitizer produces a different combination of five outputs, from coils 9-13, for each of the 32 polepieces, that is to say as the input shaft to the coarse digitizer rotates and turns through a complete revolution the outputs change 32 times and thus a revolution of the input shaft can be divided into 32 intervals P0 to P31 for the entire extent of each one of which the same output signals are produced. When no signal is applied to winding 28 these angular intervals P0 to P31 are equal, each being equal to 11.25 degrees, as shown in Fig. 6 (b). When a current in-phase with the current applied to coil 14 is applied to winding 28 these intervals are no longer equal, odd-numbered ones are increased and even-numbered ones are decreased, as shown in Fig. 6 (c), and when current out-of-phase with that in coil 14 is passed through winding 28 the reverse occurs as shown in Fig. 6 (d). This peculiar effect caused by winding 28 is used to eliminate back-lash errors as follows. The fine digitizer is geared to the coarse digitizer by a 16-to-1 gear and thus for each half-revolution of its input shaft the coarse digitizer rotates through <SP>1</SP>/ 32 nd of a revolution, i.e. through 11.25 degrees. The fine digitizer has 32 polepieces which give rise to 32 equal angular intervals P<SP>1</SP>0 to P<SP>1</SP>31, as for the coarse digitizer. The four outputs f1 to f4 from coils 9<SP>1</SP>-12<SP>1</SP> of the fine digitizer give the position of its rotor within a half-revolution. The fifth output f5 gives the particular half-revolution in which the rotor lies. The digitizers are so geared together that the beginnings of the intervals P<SP>1</SP>0 and P0 are in registration, and also when in this position it is arranged by a device PC that the signal from the fifth output f5 causes an in-phase signal to pass through winding 28. Consider now what happens as the input shaft to the fine digitizer rotates. As it rotates from P<SP>1</SP>0 to P<SP>1</SP>15 changes occur in outputs f1 to f4 but no changes occur in f5 or C1 to C5. At the instant when the input shaft moves from P<SP>1</SP>15 to P<SP>1</SP>16, the output f5 changes and the " working-curve " for the coarse digitizer changes from Fig. 6 (c) to Fig. 6 (d), which, since the interval P0 is substantially reduced, causes a simultaneous change in the outputs C1 to C5. This process continues; with every change in the output f5 the " working-curve " for the coarse digitizer simultaneously changes to cause the outputs C1 to C5 to change. In a modification, Fig. 9, the coarse shaft has two digitizers attached to it which are arranged to produce " lead " and " lag " sets of signals the appropriate set being selected by the highest ordered bit of the fine digitizer. In a second modification (Fig. 15, not shown) the winding 28 of the main embodiment is replaced by two windings which are energized singly and by current of the same phase. Specifications 863,027, 883,596 and 923,655 are referred to.