baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-465741-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of artificial silk
IPC: D01F2/12
Filed: 1935-11-13
Abstract: Viscose artificial silk having a mat appearance is obtained by incorporating a matting pigment in the wood cellulose, destined for the production of the viscose, during the preparation of the cellulose and before the drying operation.  The pigment may be added to the cellulose pulp in the bleaching apparatus or immediately before the pulp passes to the pulp board or paper-making machine. The pigment becomes uniformly distributed in the pulp sheets or in the semi-moist fibrous cellulose supplied as the material for making artificial silk.  The process in addition to the elimination of a separate incorporation step, leads to the production of cellulose xanthate in more uniform condition.  Zinc white, lithopone, blanc fixe, thorium oxide, zirconium oxide, barium sulphate, calcium titanate, zinc titanate, titanium dioxide and hydroxide, are specified matting pigments. In the production of viscose from the pigmented cellulose material, wetting agents such as pine oil, turkey red oil, fatty alcohols or sulphonates may be added to the soaking or solvent lyes.  Cellulose from deciduous trees or spruce and prepared by the sulphite, sulphate, or nitric acid processes may be employed. In an example wood pulp obtained by the sulphite process is bleached and then mixed with titanium dioxide in the bleaching machine or in the stuff-chest of the pulp-board or papermaking machine.  The half-stuff is run on to the sieve and made up into sheet which is pressed and conveyed to drying cylinders.  The cellulosic material is converted into alkali cellulose and then into viscose.  The viscose is spun into artificial filaments of uniform mat appearance and good tenacity.  In another example, purified wood pulp cellulose containing titanium dioxide is mixed with unpigmented cellulose and the mixed material is converted into viscose which is spun to form artificial silk of any desired degree of matt effect.  If desired finished viscose made from pigmented cellulose may be mixed with unpigmented viscose. Specification 350,391 is referred to.
Patent GB-1401791-A (GB)
Title: Method of making starch hydrolysates by enzymatic hydrolysis
IPC: C12P19/14
Filed: 1972-07-05
Abstract: 1401791 Enzymatic starch hydrolysis DDSKROYER AS 3 July 1973 [5 July 1972] 31499/72 Heading C3U [Also in Division C2] A method of making starch hydrolysates by subjecting starch-containing materials to enzymatic hydrolysis wherein prior to said hydrolysis the slurry of milled crude starch-containing material to be hydrolysed is subjected to a pretreatment comprising heating the slurry at 50-60‹ C. for 1-5 hours. Following the enzymatic hydrolysis the liquefied product may be filtered and saccharified enzymatically to give a high DE product which on refining by treatment with an ion exchanger or with active carbon produces pure sugars, e.g. dextrose and fructose.
Patent GB-285349-A (GB)
Title: Device for raising and lowering sliding windows
IPC: E05F11/48
Filed: 1927-11-23
Abstract: 285,349. Aubertin, G. Aug. 8, 1927, [Convention date]. Vehicle-window opening and closing apparatus. -A window-operating device of the cable-andpulley kind is provided with a free-wheel locking and driving gear which consists of a driving disc 14 operated by the handle 9 and having claws 15 on the periphery, and a coupling disc 16 mounted with the driving pulley 6 on a separate shaft 11. The disc 16 is formed with slots 19 for some of the claws 15, and with sector-shaped openings 17 which contain locking members 18 slotted to receive two of the claws 15. The weight of the window tends to turn the pulley 6 and disc 16 and causes the members 18 to tilt and so lock the disc 16 in the housing 20. On turning the handle 9, the claws 15 release the members 18 and rotate the disc 16 and pulley 6. The pulley 6 is made with undulating walls 21, 22, the undulations being displaced to enable the cable to grip the groove. The lower pulley 7 is carried on a spring 24, the upward movement of which is limited by a stop 26.
Patent GB-1427262-A (GB)
Title: Aerosol foams
IPC: C09B67/42
Filed: 1973-07-03
Abstract: 1427262 Aerosol foams WILKlNSON SWORD Ltd 3 July 1974 [3 July 1973] 31614/73 Headings C4X and C5D A pressurized foam dispenser comprises a container equipped with a dispensing head and manually operable valve and containing a foamable liquid composition under pressure of a liquefied propellant gas, there being incorporated into the composition an amount of dye or pigment sufficient to impart to the foam, when dispensed and when viewed by reflected light from a substantially flat surface of the foam, a chroma in the range 0À15-0À6 and a value not less than 9À5, such chroma and value being according to the Mansell system of colour notation (ASTM D1535-68). The "dye" is any colourant having a molar extinction coefficient greater than 100 at some wavelength within the spectral range 450-650 nm. By "substantially flat surface" is meant a surface substantially free from indentations and obtained by discharging a quantity of foam from the dispenser on to a support and flattening the upper surface of the foam by passing a straight edge therethrough. A typical aqueous soap solution is made up containing stearic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, triethanolamine, glycerol, perfume oil, water, and various dyes and is pressurized with dichlorodifluoromethane and 1,2-dichloro- 1,1,2,2 - tetrafluoroethane. The compositions may be used as shaving foams which display a pleasing colouring effect.
Patent GB-932602-A (GB)
Title: A method of and apparatus for inductively heating metal
IPC: H05B6/36
Filed: 1959-09-16
Abstract: 932,602. Heating strip metal by electromagnetic induction. DEUTSCHE EDELSTAHLWERKE A.G., and ALLGEMEINE ELEKTRICITATS-GES. Sept. 16, 1959 [Sept. 19, 1958], No. 31653/59. Class 39 (3). Strip metal 2 is inductively heated by passing it through a flat coil comprising conductors 7, 7<SP>1</SP> so spaced apart and embedded except at their sides facing the work in field concentrating material 8 having a permeability not more than ten, that individual transverse fields 9 are generated by each conductor, which fields are in consecutively opposite directions along the work and induce currents 10 which flow in the plane of the work. The material 8 is a cast or moulded resin incorporating iron powder, to which a protective layer 11 of a plastic incorporating quartz meal (SiO 2  powder) is preferably applied when the material is about to set. The distance d is at least # times the depth of penetration at the frequency employed, which is less than 5000 c.p.s. Specification 855,847 is referred to.
Patent GB-158779-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of incandescent gas mantles
IPC: F21H1/00
Filed: 1919-12-19
Abstract: 158,779. Marshall, W. Dec. 19, 1919. Mantles.-In the manufacture of gas-mantles from artificial silk-acetylcellulose, the material is de-acetylated, preferably after the knitting or weaving process, by treatment with solutions of the hydroxides, carbonates, or silicates of sodium or potassium or other suitable reagent at a temperature below 212‹ F. for a period of 10 to 30 minutes. It is then treated with hydrochloric acid, washed free from soluble matter, dried, and impregnated.
Patent GB-392556-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fungicides
IPC: C01G3/06
Filed: 1931-11-17
Abstract: A colloidal aqueous suspension of copper oxychloride is prepared by mixing the freshly precipitated oxychloride, without previous drying, with a protective colloid acting as a stabilizer, in presence of water.  Preferably a solution of copper sulphate is treated with sodium hydroxide to precipitate copper hydroxide which is then treated with one quarter of the chemically equivalent quantity of hydrochloric acid.  The oxychloride so produced is filtered off and washed, and stirred immediately into sulphite cellulose lye.  The suspension is adjusted to contain 12,5 per cent of copper and sufficient protective colloid to act as a stabilizer after dilution of the suspension for use.  A sulphite lye of 1,35 s.g. allows dilution up to 600 times with water.  Specification 321,260, [Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], is referred to.ALSO:A colloidal aqueous suspension of copper oxychloride, for use as a horticultural fungicide, is prepared by mixing the freshly precipitated oxychloride, without previous drying, with a protective colloid acting as a stabilizer, in presence of water. Preferably a solution of copper sulphate is treated with sodium hydroxide to precipitate copper hydroxide which is then treated with one quarter of the chemically equivalent quantity of hydrochloric acid.  The oxychloride so produced is filtered off and washed, and stirred immediately into sulphite cellulose lye. The suspension is adjusted to contain 12,5 per cent of copper and sufficient protective colloid to act as a stabilizer after dilution of the suspension for use.  A sulphite lye of 1,35 S.G. allows dilution up to 600 times with water.  Known tar oil or petroleum emulsions may be added to the product to confer insecticidal properties.  Specification 321,260, [Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-1091724-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric junction or conduit boxes
IPC: H02G3/16
Filed: 1965-07-26
Abstract: 1,091,724. Conduit boxes. J. S. SCOTT, and R. S. McKAY. July 25, 1966 [July 26, 1965], No. 31882/65. Heading H2E. The distortion of a cylindrical conduit box (Fig. 1, not shown), made of plastics material (e.g. P.V.C.) is prevented by embedding a metal frame 12 in the moulding. The frame consists of a metal ring 12 having limbs 13 whose ends are connected by cross-member 14, and having a hole 15 for a retaining screw (10) (Fig. 1 not shown). The base of an electrical device is used to close the box and is secured to it at lugs 18 which have tapped holes. An earthing terminal (16) (Fig. 1, not shown), may be welded to the frame. The wall of the box may be provided with branches or openings for conduits or leads. The box may have a square, rectangular or polygonal cross-section.
Patent GB-924919-A (GB)
Title: Electrical vacuum pump apparatus
IPC: H01J41/20
Filed: 1959-05-04
Abstract: 924,919. Ion-getter pumps. VARIAN ASSOCIATES. May 4, 1959 [June 16, 1958], No. 31907/61. Divided out of 883,214. Class 39 (1). A getter pump has one or more cathodes and one or more anodes, the anode having a plurality of openings therein, a glow discharge being produced within the tube, and a magnetic field producing means for producing a magnetic field and the openings in the anode being distributed transversely with respect to the direction of the magnetic field and each anode opening defining a separate path for a part of the glow discharge, wherein the magnetic means include a pair of polepieces 41, 46, 48, straddling the anode and cathode structure, one of the polepieces being disposed partly within the envelope (see part 41) and being perforated to provide at least one gas passageway therethrough communicating with the glow discharge paths and with the tube to be evacuated. The tube to be evacuated may be a vacuum tube, linear accelerator or electron microscope. The cathode plates are of getter material. The cathode plates 1 and cellular anodes 7 are supported by rods 2, 11, respectively arranged alternately in a quadrature arrangement. The anodes are secured to their support rods 9 by brackets 8 and spacers 9. The ends of cathode support rods 2 screw into disc 42 at one end and have nuts at the other end and these rods 2 also carry spacers 3. Disc 42 is of stainless steel and is carried at the end of exhaust tube 43. Conical insulators 13 carry the anode support rods and are carried within recesses in polepiece member 41 by screws 14. The perforations in one or more of the cathode plates are preferably aligned. Internal polepiece part 41 has a plurality of apertures to allow gas to flow into the electrode structure from the tube to be evacuated and makes the magnetic field within the tube envelope more uniform. Polepieces 46, 48 are both hexagonal iron plates and have six C- shaped permanent magnets 47 bolted to each hexagonal side. Discs 34, 42 comprise therebetween a soft copper gasket. Additional anodes and cathodes may be added by extending the envelope and by providing extra C- shaped permanent magnets. Specification 924,918 is referred to.
Patent GB-843812-A (GB)
Title: Flexible link chain
IPC: F16G13/02
Filed: 1956-10-19
Abstract: 843,812. Positive driving bands. BENDALL, W. H. Oct. 19, 1956, No. 31981/56. Class 80 (1). [Also in Group XXV] A positive driving band comprises a series of apertured links 30, Fig. 2, of sheet material which are arranged in overlapping relationship, Fig. 3, and connected by connecting members 20, Fig. 1, also of sheet material engaging in registering apertures of adjacent links. The links may be arranged singly or in multiple thicknesses and each has a central aperture 31 to receive the teeth of a co-operating sprocket and end apertures 33 and notches 35. The apertures 33 and notches 35 of adjacent links are engaged by a pair of the semi-circular members 20 arranged transversely back to back to lock the links together and to provide a circular surface for engaging in the teeth recesses of the sprocket. A single connecting member 50 may be used as shown in Fig. 6 which projects on the sprocket engaging side of the links 30 only. Another modification consists in providing semi-circular connecting members on opposite sides of the links with interengaging locking projections passing through the apertures of the links.
Patent GB-760948-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the refining of petroleum hydrocarbons
IPC: C10G19/02
Filed: 1953-11-19
Abstract: Catalytically cracked gasoline containing mercaptans and alkyl phenols is refined by contacting the gasoline, before it comes into contact with oxygen, with a caustic alkali solution saturated with alkyl phenols, separating the caustic alkali solution therefrom and oxidizing at least part of the mercaptans therein to disulphides without the use of an oxidation catalyst, separating disulphides, and recycling the regenerated caustic alkali solution to treat more gasoline.  The gasoline may be produced by the catalytic cracking of petroleum distillates particularly those boiling in the wax distillate range.  The caustic alkali may be caustic soda.  The regeneration of caustic alkali may be effected with air in a turbo-aerator, or by dispersing the air through a metal sinter as described in Specification 756,955.  In one example, catalytically cracked gasoline is washed with 20 per cent by volume of a caustic soda solution.
Patent GB-940017-A (GB)
Title: Electrical storage circuits
IPC: H03K23/00
Filed: 1962-08-21
Abstract: 940,017. Electric selective signalling. HEWLETT PACKARD CO. Aug. 21,1962 [Aug. 22, 1961], No. 32143/62. Heading G4H. [Also in Division G1] A two-state element 9 forming one stage of a counter has "1" and "0"output leads 11, 13 Fig. 1 in each of which is a neon tube 19, 21 one of which conducts according to whether the element is set or unset. A variable resistor 23 is connected between the two leads. Normally it is of very high impedance but in response to some external excitation it effectively connects the two tubes in parallel. Thus the resistor 23 may be photosensitive and changed by light falling on it from an external source or from one of the tubes 19, 21. The tube that is conducting holds the voltage across the other tube below the firing threshold and the state of the element 9 can change without affecting the tubes 19, 21. Light from the conducting tube e.g. 21 falls on a photo-resistor 27 and causes a display to be made on a device 31 e.g. a Nixie tube. In another arrangement the resistor 23 is replaced by two diodes rendered conductive by a signal applied at the junction again to connect the output leads together.
Patent GB-1489809-A (GB)
Title: Production of plied yarn
IPC: D01H1/08
Filed: 1975-08-01
Abstract: 1489809 Cup spinning MUSCHAMP Ltd 30 July 1976 [1 Aug 1975] 32161/75 Heading D1D and D1F Yarn is spun into a cup type spinning pot 10 from a traversing tube 24 reciprocated along the axis of the pot then a lead yarn 32 is injected into the pot 10, e.g. by an air jet, so it is twisted with yarn 28 being delivered from the tube 24 and the lead yarn 32 is withdrawn from the pot together with yarn continuing to issue from the tube 10 so that yarn in the pot is wound around the yarn from the tube 10 to produce a plied yarn.
Patent GB-1424640-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for remedying thread breakages in open-end  spinning machines
IPC: D01H4/50
Filed: 1974-07-19
Abstract: 1424640 Open end spinning ZINSER TEXTILMASCHINEN GmbH 19 July 1974 [20 July 1973] 32184/74 Heading DID Thread is returned to an open end spinning rotor at a speed of “ to # the speed of the thread during normal spinning. The thread may be returned to the rotor by a selectively engageable reverse gear train which is engaged by electromagnetic clutches. Alternatively, the thread can be drawn from or returned to the rotor by a roller (40) which is selectively engageable with two rollers, one rotating about 6 times faster than the other, Fig. 3 not shown.
Patent GB-748405-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in preconcentration of non-ferrous metal values
IPC: C22B3/08
Filed: 1952-12-19
Abstract: Non-ferrous metals, specifically copper, nickel, cobalt and zinc are recovered as a sulphate solution from a high sulphur, low arsenic, sulphide concentrate containing ferrous and non-ferrous metal values by a combined roasting and oxidative sulphuric acid leaching process. The ore or part of it is first roasted under temperature and rate condition optimum for sulphur re <PICT:0748405/III/1> moval to such a degree (predetermined for the reactants and reaction conditions) that its sulphur content after roasting is such as to provide, with the assistance of any available sulphur in the leach liquor, oxidizable sulphur at least stoichiometrically equivalent to the non-ferrous metal values as sulphate and to produce on oxidation a leach liquor containing not more than 10 per cent sulphuric acid.  The term "high sulphur" ore means one which would under the leaching conditions, produce more than 10 per cent sulphuric acid.  "Low arsenic" ore means one where the arsenic is stoichiometrically equivalent to less than 5 per cent of the iron present.  The thus roasted ore, if necessary after a sulphur content adjustment, is then leached under super-atmospheric pressure in the presence of oxygen, after which the non-ferrous metal sulphate solution is separated from the insoluble, iron-containing residue.  The roasting of the ore, which should not reduce the sulphur content low enough to form insoluble ferrites, may be effected to bring the sulphur content to the predetermined amount or alternatively the sulphur content of the roasted concentrate is adjusted to the desired value by adding unroasted concentrate or an oxidizable sulphide.  Alternatively the sulphur content of the leach solution may be adjusted by sulphuric acid addition.  The sulphur content is preferably so chosen that on exothermic oxidation, sufficient heat is provided to maintain the operating temperature of the leaching, normally between 250 and 650 DEG F.  The leaching acid should contain from 3 to 5 per cent sulphuric acid and is preferably obtained from the residual liquor from the non-ferrous metal recovery system.  The oxygen may be supplied as air or free oxygen above or below the liquid gas interface and its partial pressure may be between 50 and 300 p.s.i.g.  The process is illustrated in the figure.  According to a typical example, a nickel copper flotation concentrate containing a major proportion of iron and 28.9 per cent sulphur was roasted at 1200 DEG F. to a sulphur content of 8 per cent.  The sulphur dioxide produced is recovered.  The roasted concentrate was slurried in water containing sulphuric acid and heated in an autoclave to 450 DEG F. at 600 p.s.i.g. with oxygen. Almost complete extraction of nickel, copper and cobalt occurred with less than 3 per cent iron dissolving.  Specification 695,517 is referred to.
Patent GB-1461378-A (GB)
Title: Azo dyestuffs
IPC: C09B31/153
Filed: 1975-08-01
Abstract: 1461378 Nicotinic acid nitrile derivatives BAYER AG 1 Aug 1975 [3 Aug 1974] 32265/75 Heading C2C [Also in Division C4] Examples 1-7 describe the preparation of intermediates used in preparing azo dyestuffs. In Examples 1 and 2 2,4,6-trichoronicotinic acid nitrile is prepared reacting malonic acid diethyl ester, cyanoacetic acid ethyl ester and ammonia in a solution of sodium in ethanol to form 2,4,6-trihydroxy-nicotinic acid nitrile which is liberated by water and HCl and then converted to the 2,4,6-trichloro compound by reaction with phosphorus oxychloride. In Example 3, 2-diethylamino-3-cyano-4,6- dichloro pyridine is prepared by reacting 2,4,6- trichloronicotinic acid nitrile with diethylamine, and then is subsequently reacted with γ-ethoxypropylamine to give 2-diethylamino- 4,6-di-γ-ethoxypropylamino pyridine. In Example 4, 2-chloro-3-cyano-4-(#-methoxyethylamino) - 6 - amino - N - (# - methoxyethyl)- pyridinium chloride is prepared by reacting N - (# - methoxyethyl) - cyanoacetamide with phosphorus oxychloride in chloroform to which methanol is added after 12 hours, The product is subsequently reacted with γ-methoxypropylamine and γ-ethoxypropylamine to give a mixture of compounds of the general formula where A is -CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2  and B is -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -OCH 3  or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 H 5 . In Examples 5, 6 and 7, 2-chloro-3-cyano-4- (# - methoxyethylamino) - 6 - amino - N - (#- methoxyethyl) - pyridinium chloride is reacted with benzylamine, n-butylamine and pyrrolidine to prepare the compounds of the Formulae
Patent GB-397837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machines for and methods of spraying plants
IPC: A01M13/00
Filed: 1931-11-23
Abstract: 397,837. Crop sprayers ; fumigating and vaporizing; mixing fluids &c. CLAYTON, B., Sugarland, Texas, KERRICK, W. B., 570, North Kenmore Avenue, Los Angeles, and STADT, H. M., 419, West Salem Street, Glendale, both in California, both in U.S.A. Nov. 23, 1931, No. 32438. [Class 6 (ii).] Vapour for killing plant parasites by spraying it on plants is produced by introducing mineral oil or another film-forming germicide or fungicide into an enclosed column or body of flowing water, causing the mixture to travel towards a source of heat to raise its temperature progressively in the direction of flow, and discharging it in vaporous form through a reduced orifice. Apparatus for producing the vapour and spraying plants with it comprises a water tank 1 and an engine-driven pump 2 for delivering the water through a safety or other valve 5<1> into a heating coil 7 which is enclosed in a shell 6 and provided with a discharge hose 15 and an atomizing nozzle 16 having a wooden handle 22. The coil 7 is heated by a gas burner 8 below its lower end, the temperature being regulated by a thermostat 13 controlling the fuel valve 11. The coil 7 discharges through the outer shell of the thermostat 13 which receives the direct heat from the burner 8. The temperature within the coil may be between 350‹ and 375‹ F. The nozzle 16 has a calibrated orifice and a valve 14<1> is provided so that the pressure within the coil 7 may be regulated and maintained above atmospheric pressure. The mineral oil or other germicide or fungicide is pumped from a receptacle 17 by a metering pump 19 and delivered in a fine stream into the inlet pipe 3 of the water pump 2. The pump 19 is driven from the pump 2 through a lost-motion connection. By means of the valve 51 part of the mixture pumped may be returned to the tank 1. An air chamber may be provided on the pump discharge pipe 5. The oil may be replaced by a solution of agar and a germicide, or by soluble powders. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 4669/02, [Class 81, Medicine &c.], 384,667, [Group XXIX], and 384,667, [as open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts].