Patent GB-1061837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coated films
Inventor: WARD PETER MANNERS
IPC: C08J7/052
Filed: 1964-05-05
Abstract: Compositions for coating synthetic, organic thermoplastic films to provide heat-sealable layers having good antistatic properties comprise aqueous dispersions of a heat-sealable polymer containing 0 to 0.5% of an ionic surface-active agent and 0.05 to 5% of a salt selected from an ammonium halide, a salt of a mineral acid and a metal classified in Groups I and II and as Transition Elements in the Periodic Table and a nitrate or sulphate of a metal classified in Group IIIa of the Periodic Table which is stable at above 50 DEG  C. and at least 25% soluble in water.  The heat-sealable polymer may be copolymers of vinylidene chloride with another monoethylenically unsaturated compound copolymerizable therewith such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methacrylamide, methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, methyl vinyl ketone and acrylonitrile, e.g. tercopolymers of vinylidene chloride with the above monomers with additionally, say, 0.5 to 5% of the copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid such as acrylic and methacrylic maleic fumaric, itaconic, aconitic, citraconic and mesaconic acid or a partial ester of a monoethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acid; polyvinyl acetate, partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate; copolymers of butadiene with acrylonitrile, styrene, methyl methacrylate, and butadiene/methyl methacrylate/styrene copolymers; methyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid copolymers; copolyesters of terephthalic acid and another dicarboxylic acid such as sebacic acid with a glycol; copolymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride, or with methyl or ethyl acrylate; copolymers of vinyl acetate with ethylene or vinyl propionate; and copolymers of vinyl chloride with ethylene or vinyl acetate.  A list of suitable salts is given. A non-ionic surface-active agent may be present in the dispersion, e.g. condensation products of ethylene oxide with fatty acids, or with fatty acid amides, ethylene oxide propylene oxide copolymers, polyoxyethylated nonyl phenol, polyoxyethylated octyl cresol, polyoxyethylated alkyl alcohols such as the oleyl and cetyl alcohols and hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate.  The coating dispersion may also contain: an inorganic salt of a water-soluble cellulose ether such as methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose; slip agent, e.g. starch, talc, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, diatomaceous earths, silica, kaolin, titanium dioxide, triferric tetroxide, inorganic oxides, carbonates, silicates, aluminates, aluminosilicates, finely dispersed polymers such as polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride; anti-blocking agents such as natural waxes, paraffin wax, microcrystalline waxes, beeswax, carnauba wax, montan wax and synthetic waxes such as hydrogenated castor oil, chlorinated hydrocarbon waxes, long-chain fatty acid amides; antioxidants; dyes; pigments; lubricants; and U.V. light stabilizers.ALSO:Synthetic, organic thermoplastic films or coated with heat-sealable layers having good antistatic properties by coating the surface with an aqueous dispersion of a heat sealable polymer, said dispersion containing 0 to 0.5% of an ionic surface active agent and 0.05 to 5% of a salt selected from an ammonium halide, a salt of a mineral acid and a metal classified in Groups I and II and as Transition elements in the Periodic Table and a nitrate or sulphate of a metal classified in Group III A of the Periodic Table which is stable at above 50 DEG C. and at least 25% soluble in water and thereafter drying the coated film to deposit a continuous layer.  The films may be unoriented or oriented in one or both directions in the plane of the film and there may be a higher degree of orientation in a preferred direction.  The oriented films may be heat set before or after the coating.  The films may be of polyolefins such as polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and similar polyesters.  The surface of the film may be activated prior to coating by carona discharge treatment, or treatment with ozone or chemical oxidizing agents.  The heat sealable polymer may be copolymers of vinylidene chloride with another monoethyl enically unsaturated compound copolymerisable therewith such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methacrylamide, methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, methyl vinyl ketone and acrylonitrile, e.g. tercopolymers of vinylidene chloride with the above monomers with additionally say 0.5 to 5% of the copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid such as acrylic and methacrylic maleic fumaric, itaconic, aconitic, citraconic and mesaconic acid or a partial ester of a monoethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acid; polyvinyl acetate, partially hydrolysed polvinyl acetate; copolymers of butadiene with acrylonitrile, styrene, methyl methacrylate, and butadiene/methyl methacrylate/styrene copolymers; methyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid copolymers; copolyesters of terephthalic acid and another dicarboxylic acid such as sebacic acid with a glycol; copolymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride, or with methyl or ethyl acrylate; copolymers of vinyl acetate with ethylene or vinyl propionate; and copolymers of vinyl chloride with ethylene or vinyl acetate.  A list of suitable salts is given.  A non-ionic surface active agent may be present in the dispersion e.g. condensation products of ethylene oxide with fatty acids, or with fatty acid amides, ethylene oxide propylene oxide copolymers, polyoxyethylated nonyl phenol, polyoxyethylated octyl cresol, polyoxyethylated alkyl alcohols such as the oleyl and eetyl alcohols and hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate.  The coating dispersion may also contain: an inorganic salt of a water soluble cellulose ether such as methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose; slip agent e.g. starch, talc, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, diatomaceous earths, silica, kaolin, titanium dioxide, triferric tetroxide, inorganic oxides, carbonates, silicates, aluminates, aluminosilicates, finely dispersed polymers such as polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride; anti-blocking agents such as natural waxes, paraffin wax, micocrystalline waxes, beeswax, carnauba wax, montan wax and synthetic waxes such as hydrogerated castor oil, chlorinated hydrocarbon waxes, long chain fatty acid amides; antioxidants; dyes; pigments; lubricants; and u.v. light stabilizers.  The coating may be applied by roller-coating, spraying, doctor-knife coating, air-knife coating.