Patent GB-555289-A (GB)
Title: Methods and compositions for printing textile fabrics
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1942-01-12
Abstract: 555,289. Emulsions. DAWSON. F., DOUGLAS, G. T., MOILIIET, J. L., and IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Jan. 12, 1942, No. 422. [Class 1 (i)] [Also in Group IV] A textile fabric is printed with an emulsion containing a pigment and a binder and comprising three phases, wherein an emulsion of an aqueous phase in a water-immiscible organic liquid is dispersed in a second aqueous phase (water-in-oil-in-water type), and the water and organic liquid present in the emulsion are then removed from the print by volatilization. Specified pigments are azo dyes, metal salts of nitroso- #-naphthol, phthalocyanines, vat dyes, iron oxides, chrome yellow, titanium dioxide and lithopone. Specified binders are condensation products, soluble in water or in organic liquids of urea, thiourea, melamine or phenol with formaldehyde polyhydric alcohol-polybasic acid condensation products, modified, if desired with natural oils, fats. fatty acids or waxes, polyvinyl chloride, polymerized acrylic or methacrylic acid or esters, polymerized olefines, water insoluble ethyl cellulose, natural or synthetic rubber and natural resins. Specified water-immiscible organic liquids are benzene, toluene, xylene, solvent naphtha or petroleum and amyl alcohol. Emulsifying agents specified are those such as barium oleate, oxidized vegetable oils, finely divided hydrophobe solids, aluminium stearate and water-insoluble cellulose derivatives, which induce the formation of emulsions of the water-in-oil type, those such as sodium or ammonium oleate, sulphonated fatty alcohols, highly sulphonated oils or alkylated aromatic sulphonates, which induce the formation of emulsions of the oil-in-water type, and those such as glue, gelatin, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, partly-saponified polyvinyl acetate and water-soluble cellulose derivatives, such as water-soluble methyl cellulose, which tend to stablize both types of emulsion. In examples (1) a cotton fabric is printed with an emulsion made by stirring into an aqueous solution containing ammonia and oleic acid a stable waterin-oil emulsion made by mixing in a colloid mill a mixture of xylene, a linseed-tung oilmodified glyceryl phthalate resin, a butanolmodified urea-formaldehyde resin, water insoluble ethyl cellulose and chlorinated copperphthalocyanine with an aqueous solution containing glue and water-soluble methyl cellulose, and the print is heated for 3 minutes at 130‹C.; similar prints are obtainable on cellulose acetate or viscose fabric ; (2) a cotton fabric is similarly printed with an emulsion similarly made except that the glue and the methyl cellulose are incorporated in the aqueous solution containing ammonia and oleic acid and the whole is passed through a colloid mill; (3) a cotton fabric is similarly printed with an emulsion made by stirring and milling into an aqueous solution containing glue and water-soluble methyl cellulose a stable water-in-oil, emulsion made by mixing in a colloid mill a mixture of xylene, a linseed tung oil-modified glyceryl phthalate resin and water-insoluble ethyl cellulose with a suspension of copper phthalocyamine in an aqueous solution of dimethylolurea ; (4) a cotton fabric is similarly printed with an emulsion similarly made by stirring and milling into an aqueous solution containing glue, ammonia and oleic acid a stable water-in-oil emulsion prepared as in (1); (5) a cotton fabric is similarly printed with an emulsion made by adding an aqueous dispersion of chlorinated copper phthalocyanine to a water-inoil-in-water emulsion made by stirring into an aqueous solution containing casein, ammonia and oleic acid a stable water-in-oil emulsion made by mixing in a colloid mill a mixture of xylene, a linseed-tung oil glyceryl phthalate resin and phthalic anhydride with an aqueous solution of the dimethyl ether of dimethylolurea.