Patent GB-1146296-A (GB)
Title: Antenna pointing system
Inventor: KELLY HUGH POWELL
IPC: G01S3/42
Filed: 1966-04-27
Abstract: 1,146,296. Aerials; radio direction finding. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. 27 April, 1966 [29 April, 1965], No. 18368/66. Headings H4A and H4D. A system for pointing a plurality of antennµ at spaced ground stations towards remote relatively moving signal sources comprises a common means which receives actual position signals from the antennµ and which transmits to the ground stations data signals indicative of the predicted positions of the moving sources at future instants of time. Means at each ground station responsive to the data signals generate and apply pointing control signals for each antenna covering the periods of time between the said instants. As described, a communications satellite network comprises several ground stations, Nos. 1, 2, &c., Fig. 1, each having one or more antenna systems, ant. 1, ant. 2 &c., and a common computation centre 16. Each antenna element 10, which may be of horn-reflector or Cassegrain type, is trained on an orbiting satellite by a drive system 11, and develops actual pointing direction signals which are supplied to an auto track apparatus 12, a programme track apparatus 13 and a data transmitter 15. The autotrack apparatus, and other elements of the antenna tracking system may be similar to those described in the Bell System Technical Journal dated July, 1963, and entitled " The Telstar Experiment." The antenna drive 11 is normally under the control of the autotrack apparatus 12, but in the event of a loss of track, or for initial acquisition of a rising satellite, programme tracking is employed. A station operation control equipment 14 comprises means for determining which form of tracking is employed by each antenna at the station. The programmes for each antenna are prepared at the common centre 16 from data sent by the transmitter 15, associated with each antenna, which is received by a data receiver 17 and fed to a computer 18. Data giving predicted positions and velocities of the satellites are developed in the computer and are sent by a data transmitter 19 to each ground station in sequence, being received in the station operating control equipment 14. Said data may be received in the form of punched tapes, Fig. 3 (not shown), in which each block relates to a particular satellite at a definite time. The next block for that satellite will be timed at a discrete interval ahead, for example, twelve minutes, and the programme track apparatus 13 is arranged to interpolate the necessary tracking information during that interval. A station operation control equipment 14, Fig. 2, comprises a teleprinter receiver 20, which is connected by lines to the common computation centre, and which converts received data, as required, into electrical signals which are supplied to the programme track apparatuses 13 of the antennµ both directly and via a satellite selector apparatus 21, and to a tape punch 22 for preparing a permanent tape record 23. An antenna programme track apparatus may also comprise a tape punch 24 for preparing a tape record 25, which is read out as required for developing a tracking programme. The equipment 14 also comprises a tracking control 27 which monitors error signal output from the autotrack apparatus 12 of each antenna system and controls a mode switch 26 therein. A miscellaneous control equipment 34 co-operating with the tracking control 27 and connected to the programme track apparatuses 13 allows additional antenna manoeuvres, such as spiral scanning. The mode switch 26 in the antenna system switches the antenna drive between auto and programme tracking, the former being the normal mode but reversion to the latter mode occurring in the absence of error signal information from the autotrack apparatus 12. Information indicative of the satellite position relative to the antenna pointing direction is sorted from communication message signals in a sampling coupling 29, which separates the various modes of propagation of the received signals, and supplies the autotrack apparatus 12. An actual antenna position resolver 30 provides electrical signals which are supplied to the programme track apparatus 13 and to a data transmitter 15, the latter comprising a teleprinter (punch 31 for preparing a tape record 32 and a teleprinter) transmitter 33 connected by lines to the common computation centre.