Patent GB-652128-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in dispersing agents and method of producing same
IPC: C08G63/91
Filed: 1948-08-25
Abstract: The polymeric ester of 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3 and sulphosuccinic acid is made by heating the half ester of 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3 and maleic acid so as to form a maleic alkyd resin and then reacting it with a bisulphite, preferably until 0.7 to 1 mole. of bisulphite has reacted per mole. of resin.  It may be used as a dispersing agent in aqueous emulsion polymerization of synthetic rubber-, or resin-forming polymerizable monomers.  In an example, 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3 is added to hot maleic anhydride, the temperature being maintained between 90 DEG  and 130 DEG  C. by regulating the rate of addition. The resultant half ester is then heated for several hours at 130 DEG to 180 DEG  C.  The maleic alkyd resin is then heated with aqueous sodium bisulphite to give the sodium salt of the polymeric sulphonated ester.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to the use of 0.5 to 10 per cent by weight of the polymeric ester in the emulsion-polymerization of arylolefins, alpha methylene carboxylic acids and their esters, nitriles and amides, vinyl esters of alkanoic acid, alkyl vinyl ethers, alkyl vinyl ketones, butadienes or mixtures, specific examples of each of these classes being given, and to its use as a dispersing agent in preparing emulsions or dispersions of liquid or solid resins, elastomers, waxes, pitches, mineral or vegetable oils, chemicals, coating compositions and colouring matters.  In alkaline emulsion-polymerization processes, the sulphogroups become neutralized to give the corresponding salt.  In an example of emulsion-polymerization, a mixture of acrylonitrile and isobutylene, with potassium persulphate as catalyst, dodecyl mercaptan as regulator and the sodium salt of the polymeric sulphonated ester as emulsifying and dispersing agent is polymerized by agitation and heat.  Unreacted isobutylene is vented off and unreacted acrylonitrile is removed by steam distillation.  The resultant latex was used to stiffen and improve cotton print cloth.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:The polymeric ester of 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3 and sulphosuccinic acid is made by heating the half ester of 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3 and maleic acid so as to form a maleic alkyd resin and then reacting it with a bisulphite, preferably until 0.7 to 1 mole of bisulphite has reacted per mole of resin.  It may be used as a dispersing agent in aqueous emulsion polymerization of synthetic rubber-, or resin-forming polymerizable monomers.  Emulsions of polymers so formed may be used for treating textiles.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to the use of 0.5 to 10 per cent by weight of the polymeric ester in the emulsion-polymerization of arylolefins, alpha methylene carboxylic acids and their esters, nitriles and amides, vinyl esters of alkanoic acid, alkyl vinyl ethers, alkyl vinyl ketones, butadienes or mixtures.  In an example, a mixture of acrylonitrile and isobutylene, with potassium persulphate as catalyst, dodecyl mercaptan as regulator and the sodium salt of the polymeric sulphonated ester as emulsifying and dispersing agent, is polymerized by agitation and heat.  Unreacted isobutylene is vented off and unreacted acrylonitrile is removed by steam distillation.  The resultant latex was used to impregnate cotton print cloth.  The impregnated cloth was squeezed, dried, and then heated by means of a hot iron.  The treated fabric showed increased stiffness, and resistance to creasing.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:The polymeric ester of 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3 and sulphosuccinic acid is used as a dispersing agent in aqueous emulsion polymerization of synthetic rubber-, or resin-forming polymerizable monomers. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to the use of 0.5 to 10 per cent by weight of the polymeric ester in the emulsion - polymerization of arylolefins, alpha methylene carboxylic acids and their esters, nitriles and amides, vinyl esters of alkanoic acid, alkyl vinyl ethers, alkyl vinyl ketones, butadienes or mixtures, specific examples of each of these classes being given, and to its use as a dispersing agent in preparing emulsions or dispersions of liquid or solid resins, elastomers, waxes, pitches, mineral or vegetable oils, chemicals, coating compositions and colouring matters.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.