baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20140039892-A (KR)
Title: Print controlling apparatus, image forming apparatus, method for controlling print, method for image forming and computer-readable recording medium
Inventor: JUNG JOO YOUNG
IPC: H04N1/387
Filed: 2012-09-25
Abstract: Disclosed is a printing control terminal device. The present printing control terminal device includes: a user interface unit which received a print command regarding a document wherein multiple overlapping objects are displayed; a print data generation unit which detects a transparency area which has a pre-set transparency in an area where the multiple objects are overlapping, generates a transparency image by calculating the pixel values of the transparency area based on the pixel value and the transparency of the multiple objects, and generates print data including the transparency image; and a communication interface unit which transmits the print data to an image forming device.
Patent KR-20140042373-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus and method for providing interest keyword
Inventor: YIM KYUNG BIN
IPC: G06F15/16
Filed: 2012-09-28
Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for providing an interest keyword. The apparatus for providing the interest keyword includes a reading unit which reads number information about a first slave terminal from an address list database included in a master terminal if a request is generated from the master terminal, an interface which accesses the first slave terminal identified by the number information and obtains browser history information, and a processor which determines a first interest keyword related to the master terminal and the first slave terminal based on the browser history information and supplies the first interest keyword to the mater terminal in response to the request. [Reference numerals] (101) Master terminal; (103) Interest keyword providing apparatus; (105) Slave terminal
Patent KR-20140042394-A (KR)
Title: Device for inorganic carbonation of carbon dioxide
Inventor: CHOI JIN HYEOK
IPC: C01B32/60
Filed: 2012-09-28
Abstract: Disclosed is an inorganic carbonation device for carbon dioxide using industrial waste and enzymes. An embodiment of the present invention provides the inorganic carbonation device for carbon dioxide which comprises the following: a carbon dioxide absorption device producing bicarbonate (HCO_3^-) by receiving carbon dioxide and water; an electrolysis reaction device producing a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution on a reduction electrode through a first reaction; and a mineralization reaction device producing carbonic acid ions by receiving the bicarbonate from being connected to the carbon dioxide adsorption device and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution from the electrolysis reaction device, and producing carbonate through a second reaction using metal ions extracted from the waste. [Reference numerals] (110) Electrolysis reaction device; (120) Extractor; (130) Carbon dioxide absorption device; (140) Mineralization reaction device; (150) Separation device
Patent KR-20140044082-A (KR)
Title: Method of personalizing mobile terminal and server performing the same
Inventor: KIM KI YONG
IPC: H04W8/18
Filed: 2012-10-04
Abstract: A mobile terminal personalization method is performed by a mobile terminal personalization sever which can connect to a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal personalization method includes the steps of: receiving the event profiling information from the mobile terminal; determining the personalization setting profile related to the received event profiling information; and transmitting the determined personalization setting profile to the mobile terminal for the mobile terminal to operate according to the personalization setting profile. [Reference numerals] (110) Mobile terminal; (120) Mobile terminal personalization sever; (AA) Network
Patent KR-20140045673-A (KR)
Title: Diet food containing fermented grains and whole grains
Inventor: KIM SANG HYUN
IPC: A23L25/00
Filed: 2012-10-09
Abstract: The present invention relates to a whole-grain fermented diet food and a method for making the same and, more specifically, to a whole-grain fermented diet food and a method for making the same, wherein the method comprises the steps of: stirring vegetables, seaweeds, functional materials, and fermented grains; pulverizing; and stirring whole grains and nuts. The whole-grain fermented diet food made by the method of making fermented grains of the present invention has a beneficial effect by fermenting bacteria by adding the fermented grains to the existing functional powder food and has improved texture and tastes to provide excellent preference by adding whole grains, thus can be used as a diet or a functional health food. [Reference numerals] (AA) DPPH method; (BB) Fermented mixed grains; (CC) Fermented brown rice; (DD) Fermented embryonic rice; (EE) Fermented pre-washed rice; (FF) White rice
Patent KR-20140046279-A (KR)
Title: Xm satellite radio control apparatus for micom load reduction
Inventor: CHO SUNG MOON
IPC: G06F11/36
Filed: 2012-10-10
Abstract: Disclosed is a satellite radio control apparatus for reducing the load of a microcomputer. The apparatus enables either of the microcomputer or a central processing unit to directly connect to a satellite radio module to acquire the control of the satellite radio module, and enables a debugging device to directly connect to the satellite radio module to acquire the control of the satellite radio module when the satellite radio module is being debugged. Accordingly, the load of the microcomputer caused when the satellite radio module is only controlled through the microcomputer can be reduced.
Patent KR-20140047362-A (KR)
Title: 냉장고 성에 감지장치
Inventor: MOON JUNG WON
IPC: F25D21/02
Filed: 2012-10-12
Abstract: 본 발명은 냉장고 성에 감지장치에 관한 것으로, 증발기 파이프의 길이방향 일지점에 결합되는 결합본체; 상기 결합본체의 일측과 타측에 각각 설치되는 발광센서와 수광센서를 구비한 광센서; 및 상기 발광센서와 수광센서 사이에 설치되며 성에층 발생시 상기 발광센서로부터 조사되는 빛이 수광센서로 전달되는 것을 차단하는 성에 측정부재;를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다. 
이에 따라, 성에층이 두꺼워지져 증발기의 성능이 저하되는 것을 방지할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 제상히터의 발열작용 시간을 단축시킬 수 있어 냉장고의 소비전력이 크게 증가하는 것을 방지할 수 있는 효과가 있다.
Patent KR-20130056821-A (KR)
Title: Dust collecting device
Inventor: KISHIMA TAKAMASA
IPC: B01D46/02
Filed: 2012-10-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: A dust collector is provided to minimize the feed pressure of compressed air in an injector pipe, thereby suppressing the deviation in regeneration of multiple cylinder-shaped filters arranged in a direction which follows the axis of the injector pipe. CONSTITUTION: A dust collector comprises: a housing body(1), a filter unit(F) and a spray unit(J). The interior of the housing body is divided into an air supplying room(2) and a discharging room(3) by a partition wall(4). The filter unit is installed in the partition wall, and collects dust included in the filtering objective gas in the housing body. The filtering objective gas flows from the air supplying room to the discharging room. The spray unit sprays compressed air(H) from the discharging room to the filter unit in a form of pulse, and shakes off the collected dust in the filter unit. The filter unit is equipped with multiple cylinder-shaped filters(5). The spray unit is equipped with an injector pipe(11), and multiple spray holes(12) are arranged on the injector pipe. The inside diameter of the injector pipe is fixed. A ring-shaped reduced diameter portion(R) is installed at least one place of the axis core direction in the injector pipe.
Patent KR-20140047999-A (KR)
Title: Vertebra operation simulation system and method using dummy
Inventor: YUN SANG WOONG
IPC: G09B23/28
Filed: 2012-10-15
Abstract: Disclosed are a spine operation simulation system and a simulation method using a dummy. The spine operation simulation system according to the present invention comprises: a dummy; a spine model installed inside the dummy; a needle invading the spine model from outside to the inside of the dummy; a needle sensor that sends a predetermined signal toward a front side according to a direction of the needle by being installed in a fore end of the needle; a spine sensor which detects the signal that is sent from the needle sensor by being installed in the spine model; an invasion display device which indicates at least one among the invasion direction and invasion depth of the needle after calculating in real time basis based on the signal detected from the spine sensor. [Reference numerals] (100) Invasion display device
Patent KR-20130124874-A (KR)
Title: 홍삼고추양념의 제조방법
Inventor: LEE CHANG HUN
IPC: A23L27/10
Filed: 2012-10-15
Abstract: 본 발명은 인삼 또는 산삼을 주재로 하는 원료삼과 건고추를 금속타봉을 타격하여 재료의 조직을 부드럽게 하여 증숙시간을 단축하고 증숙 과정 중에 고온증숙 기간을 줄인 홍삼고추양념의 제조방법으로서, 건고추를 세척하고 이물질을 선별한 후, 절각하는 1차절각단계(S10);와, 원료삼을 수세하고 절각하는 2차절각단계(S20);와, 건고추와 원료삼으로 이루어진 고추원료삼혼합물을 금속타봉으로 연타하는 1차타격단계(S30);와, 연타된 고추원료삼혼합물을 50 내지 70 ℃의 증기로 증숙하는 1차증숙단계(S40);와, 1차증숙된 고추원료삼혼합물을 압착하여 즙을 생성하는 착즙단계(S50);와, 착즙되고 남은 고추원료삼혼합물을 연타하는 2차타격단계(S60);와, 2차 타격된 고추원료삼혼합물을 80 내지 90 ℃의 증기로 증숙하는 2차증숙단계(S70);와, 2차 증숙된 고추홍삼혼합물을 90 내지 130 메쉬로 분쇄하는 분쇄단계(S80);와, 소맥분, 증숙된 쌀, 정제염, 정제수와 물엿을 혼합하여 35 내지 60 ℃에서 당화물을 조성하는 당화단계(S90);와, 발효된 당화물에 고추홍삼혼합물과 홍삼가루를 투입하여 3 내지 5일간 숙성시키는 숙성단계(S100);와, 고추양념혼합물을 5 내지 10 ℃의 냉수로 냉각한 후, 50 내지 70 ℃의 열풍으로 건조하는 건조단계(S110);와, 건조된 고추양념을 3단 자외선 살균기를 통해 멸균하고 진공포장하는 살균포장단계(S120);로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20140051593-A (KR)
Title: In-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device
Inventor: SHIN JONG SUK
IPC: G02F1/1343
Filed: 2012-10-23
Abstract: The present invention relates to an in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device and, more specifically, to an in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device having a high viewing angle and a high aperture ratio. A characteristic of the present invention is to form a plurality of sub-pixel regions constituting a single pixel to have a hybrid multi-domain structure in which a multi-domain electrode structure and a single domain electrode structure are mixed. Thereby, a high viewing angle can be implemented and an aperture ratio can also be improved at the same time since a color shift and gray-scale reversal phenomenon can be minimized. Further, an yellowish phenomenon of the in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device can be reduced and emphasis of a red color due to a R sub-pixel region can be prevented since the multi-domain electrode structure and the single-domain electrode structure of the sub-pixel region can be freely designed with a user′s desired characteristics. In addition, a higher white luminance can be obtained.
Patent KR-20140053683-A (KR)
Title: Polyurethaneurea elastic fiber with improved heat setting property and manufacturing method thereof
Inventor: LEE JAE MYUNG
IPC: D01D5/06
Filed: 2012-10-26
Abstract: The present invention provides a polyurethaneurea elastic fiber having improved thermosetting property which comprises: a poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol; at least one organic diisocyanate selected among aromatic, aliphatic, and cycloaliphatic diisocynates; a chain extender; and a chain terminator having cyclohexanamine.
Patent KR-20140056514-A (KR)
Title: Battery module of improved assembly property
Inventor: PARK HYUN CHUL
IPC: H01M2/20
Filed: 2012-10-29
Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery module including at least two battery cells. The present invention provides a battery module which includes a first case and a second case which have the battery cells and are interconnected, at least two battery cell receiving parts which have a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the battery cells and are formed in the first case and the second case, bus bars for battery cell connection which are mounted in the inside of the battery cell receiving part for the electrical connection of the battery cells, and external input/output terminals which are respectively formed in one side of the first case and the second case, and are electrically connected to the bus bar.
Patent KR-20120137333-A (KR)
Title: A method for outputting a damage result of various objects by tactical weapons, and a computer readable medium for executing the method
Inventor: KIM SEUNG GI
IPC: G09B9/00
Filed: 2012-11-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A damage result output method of various objects according to tactical weapons and a recording medium for executing the same are provided to calculate the probability of damage of vehicle tactical equipment and human because a damage range, a topography factor, a military camp factor, and trainer state information are reflected so that an accurate detail damage result is output. CONSTITUTION: A damage result output method of various objects according to tactical weapons is as follows. Whether a current location of a trainee is in an area polluted by chemical weapons or not is determined. If the current location of the trainee is in the polluted area, an accumulated exposure depending on the chemical concentration of the polluted area and time how long the trainee is exposed to the polluted area is calculated. The calculated accumulated exposure amount, information about accumulated exposure of each kind of damages, and the information about the previous probability of damage obtained by a previous damage evaluation of the trainee are applied so that the current probability of damage can be calculated(202,204). A detail damage result with respect to the damages caused by a death, an incapacitating, and self-consciousness is output depending on the calculated probability of damage. [Reference numerals] (200) Calculating average valid killing area per each kind of damages; (202) Calculating probability of damage per the each kind of the damages; (204) Calculating damage evaluation information; (206) Outputting a detail damage result; (AA) Start; (BB) Finish
Patent KR-20140062591-A (KR)
Title: Drill bit for underground excavation and slime discharging method using that
Inventor: YIM SEONG DAE
IPC: E21B10/34
Filed: 2012-11-13
Abstract: A reaming drill bit for underground excavation according to the present invention includes: a housing which has multiple drill tips on a bottom surface; and a shank which can be axially rotated by being coupled to a drill rod or a hammer and is inserted into an upper side groove portion of the housing to be connected to the housing. An expandable wing cutter, which is allowed to protrude or retract through an outer wall portion by the axial torque of the shank, is accommodated in a parking path which is formed in the housing, and the shank and the expandable wing cutter are configured with one to three engaged protruding portions and groove portions so that the axial torque can be transmitted in the linear transport direction of the expandable wing cutter and direct boring and expanded boring can be available at the same time. According to the present invention, the single drill bit allows not only the direct boring but also boring diameter expansion into various diameters, and thus the utility of the drill increases, additional drills do not have to be brought into construction sites, and no time is taken for drill exchange to result in cost- and period-saving effects.
Patent KR-20130079147-A (KR)
Title: Composition for hair growth stimulation or hair loss prevention
Inventor: SON JUNG HWA
IPC: A61K36/752
Filed: 2012-11-19
Abstract: PURPOSE: A composition for promoting hair growth or preventing alopecia is provided to promote hair growth and to manufacture pharmaceutical products, foods, or cosmetic products. CONSTITUTION: A composition for promoting hair growth or preventing alopecia contains fermentations which are prepared from one or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of Citrus unshiu, Ecklonia cava, and rice bran by lactic acid bacteria. An active ingredient is the fermentations. The lactic acid bacteria are prepared by mixing Raphanus sativus powder, salt, sugar, and water, and naturally culturing. The composition contains soybean powder and green tea powder.
Patent KR-20140082867-A (KR)
Inventor: HONG SEONG GU
IPC: G21C17/00
Filed: 2012-11-26
Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and a method for monitoring maintenance effect of a nuclear power plant. The system includes an enterprise resource planning system to which an operation history condition and maintenance history information of equipment including a plurality of user computers are input; a maintenance management server for receiving and storing information of equipment, selecting equipment, which is to be maintained, and producing a maintenance order for the equipment; a performance management server for establishing a measure plan by monitoring and evaluating a performance of the equipment according to the maintenance order of the maintenance management server to inform the enterprise resource planning system of the measure plan. The present invention can select equipment, which is to be maintained through overall equipment information and functional analysis, to output notification/order of equipment and intensively monitor the equipment through operation information of the equipment, which is to be monitored, thereby increasing an efficiency of a maintenance activity while promptly coping with the equipment, which is to be maintained, and establishing a measure plan suitable for the measure.
Patent KR-20140067510-A (KR)
Title: Image forming apparatus, method for image forming, and computer-readable recording medium
Inventor: KIM HAENG NAN
IPC: H04N1/405
Filed: 2012-11-26
Abstract: An image forming apparatus is disclosed. The image forming apparatus includes a storage unit to store a rendering image having a plurality of tones, a communication interface unit to receive print data, a rendering unit to render the received print data to a bitmap image, a mergence unit to merge the bitmap image and the rendering image into a single mergence image, a binary coding unit to perform halftoning for the generated mergence image to generate binary data, and a print engine unit to form an image on a printing paper by using the generated binary data.
Patent KR-20140075451-A (KR)
Inventor: SOHN KYUNG YEOL
IPC: H04J11/00
Filed: 2012-12-11
Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating the ranging signal of a wireless communication system and a method for generating the ranging signal of a wireless terminal. A ranging signal is generated by using one IFFT engine regardless of the mode of a ranging signal transmitted to an uplink in a wireless communication system where the frequency interval of a subcarrier used for generating an initial ranging signal is different from the frequency interval of a subcarrier used for periodic ranging, thereby reducing the complexity of the design and the hardware of a wireless terminal and reducing power consumption by the simplification of the hardware of the wireless terminal.
Patent KR-20140077482-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JIN YOUNG
IPC: E06B3/667
Filed: 2012-12-14
Abstract: The present invention relates to a desiccant inserting apparatus of a spacer for pair glass, wherein the desiccant inserting apparatus comprises: a frame including a horizontal frame which has a desiccant collecting container at one side thereof, and a vertical frame which is formed at the other side of the horizontal frame; a vertical moving unit formed at the vertical frame, and able to move up and down; a desiccant tank coupled to the vertical moving unit, and having a desiccant outlet at one side thereof; and a holder having one end installed at the vertical moving unit, having the other end installed at the desiccant collecting container, and holding the spacer therein, wherein the vertical moving unit moves up and down in order to adjust the angle of the holder while a distance between the holder and the desiccant tank is maintained. According to the present invention, the spacers are loaded in the holder formed to be obliquely tilted against the ground and are filled with the desiccant, so that the spacer can be filled with the desiccant while loaded in the holder, and, as a result, damage to the surfaces of the spacers can be prevented.
Patent KR-20140079158-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM CHOONG
IPC: B60L11/18
Filed: 2012-12-18
Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a system for controlling coasting of an electric vehicle capable of performing speed reduction using oil braking when charging a battery of the electric vehicle is restricted. To achieve said purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling speed reduction when the electric vehicle is coasting, wherein the electric vehicle includes a driving motor driven by a battery power source, comprising the steps of: determining whether the electric vehicle is in a coasting state; if the electric vehicle is determined to be in the coasting state, comparing a coasting speed with a set creep speed; if the coasting speed is greater than the set creep speed, calculating a regenerative power generation amount corresponding to the coasting speed; comparing the calculated regenerative power generation amount with a charging power allowing amount; and if the calculated regenerative power generation amount is greater than the battery charging power allowing amount, generating set oil braking torque.
Patent KR-20140084595-A (KR)
Title: Cell Module Assemblyfor stacking battery cells in the horizontal direction
Inventor: KANG SOON SUN
IPC: H01M2/10
Filed: 2012-12-27
Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery for an electric vehicle. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cell module assembly which increases capacity and power while reducing the volume and the weight by changing the insertion direction of battery cells from a vertical direction to the horizontal direction. According to the present invention, the battery cells are horizontally inserted, thereby improving an insertion direction for inserting a second battery cell into an EV battery module which has a structure which is different from the structure of an HEV battery module.
Patent KR-20120046191-A (KR)
Inventor: NAUMANN JOERN
IPC: F16K25/00
Filed: 2010-07-15
Abstract: 본 발명은 가스 장치, 특히 가스 조리기의 가스 버너로 공급되는 가스 유량을 조절하기 위한 가스 밸브 유닛에 관한 것이다.  가스 밸브 유닛은 밸브 바디(20)를 포함하고, 상기 밸브 바디(20) 내에는 가스 밸브 유닛의 개폐 밸브들의 2개 이상의 밸브 시트와, 각각 하나 이상의 스로틀 개구를 갖는 2개 이상의 스로틀 위치가 형성된다.  본 발명에 따라 밸브 바디(20)는 서로 병렬로 배치된 복수의 판(12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)을 포함하며, 이때 밸브 밀봉판(12)은 개폐 밸브의 밸브 시트를 형성하며, 스로틀 판(15) 내에는 스로틀 위치들의 스로틀 개구들이 배치된다.  상기 밸브 밀봉판(12)은 가요성 재료, 예컨대 플라스틱으로 제작된다.
Patent KR-20120091021-A (KR)
Inventor: LIU WEI
IPC: H04W28/10
Filed: 2010-09-15
Abstract: 채널을 통한 송신기와 수신기 사이의 통신 방법이 제공된다.  송신기는 다수의 데이터 레이트들로 패킷들을 송신할 수 있으며, 이들 레이트들 각각은 통신의 성능과 관련하여 각각의 채널 조건에 적응한다.  이 방법은 송신기의 레벨에서, 채널 조건의 악화의 소멸의 검출시에, 악화의 소멸 전에 안정적으로 사용된 안정된 데이터 레이트들의 그룹으로부터 선택되지만 악화의 소멸 전의 최종 데이터 레이트보다는 큰 데이터 레이트로 패킷들을 송신하는 단계를 포함한다.
Patent KR-20120121876-A (KR)
IPC: A47J31/06
Filed: 2010-10-25
Abstract: 에스프레소 커피 머신용 개선된 필터 홀더에서, 배출구(22)는 스냅 피팅에 의해 필터 홀더의 중공 상부 부재(10)에 적용되며, 상부 부재(10)의 저면(14)은 그 바깥쪽에 릴리프 형상의 에지(32)가 그라운드 커피 파우더를 압축하기 위한 안정된 지지면을 형성하는 릴리프 형상(30)을 구비한다. 상기 필터 홀더는 전체적으로 폴리싱된 스테인리스 강으로 구성된다.
Patent KR-20120112418-A (KR)
Inventor: HEYMANNS FRANK
IPC: B30B11/28
Filed: 2010-10-30
Abstract: 본 발명은 압축될 재료로 펠릿(10)을 제조하기 위한 펠릿화 프레스에 관한 것이다. 적어도 하나의 롤링 롤러(5)는 펠릿(10)을 형성하도록, 적어도 하나의 구동부(20)에 의해 교체될 수 있는 다이(4)의 구멍(13)들, 및/또는 롤러(5)를 통하는 프레싱 방향(32)으로 바이오매스(1)를 압축한다. 본 발명의 목적은 변형을 방지하고 펠릿화 프레스를 또한 제공하도록 평탄, 환상 및 선택적으로 세그먼트된 다이를 충분히 지지하는 것이며, 펠릿화 프레스에서, 움직이고 지지 디바이스를 포함하는 다이는 최소수의 부분들 및/또는 질량을 가지며 적어도 하나의 롤러를 구비한 프레스 프레임으로 이루어진 적어도 2개의 프레스 디바이스들을 통과한다. 대안적으로, 본 발명은 또한 움직이는 적어도 하나의 롤러가 적어도 2개의 프레스 프레임들을 통과하는 펠릿화 프레스를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 발명에 따라서, 다이(4) 및/또는 롤러(5)들은 적어도 2개의 프레스 프레임(21)들에 교체 가능하게 장착되며, 다이(4)는, 환상의 챔버(29) 및/또는 프레스 방향(32)으로 펠릿(10)을 가이드하기 위한 개구(28)들을 구비한 지지 플레이트(31)를 형성하기 위하여 2개의 동축 지지 링(8)들에 작동 가능하게 연결된다.
Patent KR-20120101410-A (KR)
Inventor: WILLIAMSON MICHAEL V
IPC: A61F2/84
Filed: 2010-10-28
Abstract: 본 발명의 스텐트(150)는 전방 개방 단부 및 후방 개방 단부 그리고 이들 사이에서 연장하는 길이방향 축을 갖는 튜브형 부재이다.  튜브형 부재는 환자 내로의 삽입 및 혈관을 통한 운행을 위한 제1 소경, 및 혈관의 목표 영역으로의 전개를 위한 제2 대경을 갖는다.  튜브형 부재는 전방 단부와 후방 단부 사이에서 연장하는 복수의 인접한 후프(152(a), 152(b), 152(c), 152(d))들로부터 제조된다.  후프들은 복수의 길이방향 스트럿(160)들 및 인접한 스트럿들을 연결하는 복수의 루프(162)들을 포함한다.  스텐트는 인접한 후프들을 서로 연결하는 루프-브리지 연결부를 갖는 복수의 브리지(170)들을 추가로 포함한다.  원주방향으로 정렬된 루프의 총 개수 대 특정 브리지에 의해 걸쳐지는 루프의 개수의 비는 정수이다.