baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1032036-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to expanded thermoplastic materials
Inventor: ANDERSON KEITH EDWARD
IPC: C08J9/22
Filed: 1962-12-03
Abstract: Expandable polystyrene granules are preexpanded by subjecting them under superatmospheric pressure for a short period to the action of vapour from a boiling liquid that is inert towards polystyrene, at a temperature high enough to soften the polymer and at least partially evaporate the blowing agent but not so high that the polymer is softened so much that the vaporized blowing agent can escape from the polymer granules, the pressure is reduced and the granules are allowed to cool while still in contact with the vapour. Advantageously the granules are placed in a sealed vessel above a boiling liquid, which is usually water, and the pressure is allowed to rise to between 5 and 15 p.s.i.g. for a time which is preferably between 30 and 100 seconds.  The vessel is then vented to the air through a bleed valve.  Cooling should take place over a period of about 50 minutes to produce low density granules.  The expandable polystyrene granules can be made by conventional process such as bulk, bead or suspension polymerization, and will generally contain about 6% by weight of blowing agent.
Patent GB-1450529-A (GB)
Title: Production of composite closures
IPC: B65D6/04
Filed: 1972-11-01
Abstract: 1450529 Moulding lids AIRFIX INDUSTRIES Ltd 21 Dec 1973 [1 Jan 1973 22 March 1973] 45845/72 and 14018/73 Heading B5A [Also in Division B8] A method for making a lid for a container comprises forming a blank 1, e.g. of paper, card, synthetic plastics, or metal, with an edge 2 displaced out of the general plane of the blank, and then injection moulding a peripheral edge portion 3 which bonds to at least the edge 2 of the blank, the portion 3 being shaped so that on longitudinal shrinkage the blank 1 is caused to bow (as shown chain-dotted). The lid can be polygonal or curvilinear. In Fig. 7, not shown, the blank 1 is caused to bow to some extent by the moulding tool.
Patent GB-1209988-A (GB)
Title: Waveshaping circuit
IPC: H03K4/92
Filed: 1968-09-27
Abstract: 1,209,988. Waveshaping circuit. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 27 Sept., 1968 [17 Oct., 1967], No. 45903/68. Heading H3T. A waveshaping circuit has two feedback amplifier stages 10, 11, the first receiving a signal EA with a steep edge (40a, Fig. 2, not shown) and having a feedback circuit such as a capacitor 21 to produce a corresponding ramp edge (40b) which is fed to the second amplifier 11 having a feedback such as a resistor 37 to produce an output EC having a substantially sinusoidal edge (40e). The circuit is for use in data handling and P.C.M. systems to avoid interference and to enable narrower bandwidths to be used, while preserving a predetermined desired harmonic content of the waveform. Both feedback circuits include oppositely arranged parallel diodes 22, 23 and 38, 39 to limit the magnitude of the outputs E B , E C ; and the second pair 22, 23 have a deliberately rounded knee in their characteristic to improve the sinusoidal conversion, and are preferably of germanium. The slope of the ramp (40b) is variable by switching in at 29 a circuit 13 in which any one of a set of capacitors 59 is selected by binary instructions at 62 and connected across the capacitor 21. To further extract and modify the harmonics in the edges of the input signal, a circuit 12 compares the outputs E B , E C  of the two stages 10, 11 to obtain the waveforms of Fig. 6 (not shown), which are modified as required by variation of resistors 51, 52, 53. In an alternative embodiment (Fig. 7, not shown) the input signal is fed, through a transformer (69) and a trigger circuit (72) to an amplifier stage (10<SP>1</SP>) which is similar to the amplifier stage 10 except that the diodes 22, 23 are replaced by two Zener diodes (80, 81) serially connected in opposition. The stage 11 is replaced by a circuit (11<SP>1</SP>) in which an amplifier (83) has a resistance feedback (87) and a variable input resistance in the form of serially connected F.E.T.'s (90, 91) whose gates are controlled by inverter amplifiers (97, 98) fed serially from the output (E C ) of the circuit (11<SP>1</SP>). Either one F.E.T. or the other is normally saturated into a high impedance condition according to the polarity of the output E C , and during changeover they are both saturated together for a period during which the sinusoidal waveform is derived from the ramp input. Various combinations of the circuits 10 or 10<SP>1</SP>, 11 or 11<SP>1</SP>, 12, 13 and 66 are said to be possible.
Patent GB-1023555-A (GB)
Title: Dough production process and apparatus
IPC: A21C1/14
Filed: 1962-12-07
Abstract: 1,023,555. Mixing apparatus. E. JAUS, and A. JAUS, [trading as KARL JAUS & SOEHNE]. Dec. 7, 1962 [Dec. 14, 1961], No. 46285/62. Heading B1C. In a continuous-discharge apparatus for mixing dough, raw materials are fed by a pump 2 from a preliminary mixing chamber 1 to a cooling and mixing chamber 5 into which compressed air is introduced through an inlet 14 and mixed with the dough by scraper knives 7, the dough outlet being of substantially the same cross-section as the chamber 5. The temperature of the cooling jacket, the amount of compressed air admitted, and the speed of rotation of the knives are all regulatable.
Patent GB-1134211-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic materials
Inventor: KEMP GEORGE
IPC: G03C1/91
Filed: 1964-11-17
Abstract: 1,134,211. Coated paper. WIGGINS TEAPE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Ltd. 17 Nov., 1965 [17 Nov., 1964], No. 46824/64. Heading B2E [Also in Division G2] Photographic support materials are prepared by a method comprising treating a polyolefinecoated surface of photographic base paper by electrical discharge and applying a coating composition to provide a coating which will not react with subsequently applied photographic emulsions to adversely affect their photographic properties and which retards the deterioration of the adhesiveness of the treated polyolefine surface to photographic emulsions. The coating composition may comprise gelatine and is applied to the treated surface at less than 115‹C. Aqueous gelatine may be applied at the rate of 0.5 g.s.m. and gelatine in non- aqueous solvent at at least 0.1 g.s.m. The coating composition may also comprise a silica sol applied at 0.4 g.s.m. To discharge treatment may be such that the water contact angle of the surface is reduced to between 75 and 40‹. Polyolefine surface may have a thickness of up to 0.001". The polyolefine may be polyethylene and a photo sensitive silve halide emulsion may be coated thereon.
Patent GB-1439792-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of lowpressure piping systems
IPC: B23K33/00
Filed: 1973-10-11
Abstract: 1439792 Welding by pressure ULTRACENTRIFUGE NEDERLAND NV 11 Oct 1973 [11 Oct 1972] 47587/73 Heading B3R [Also in Division F4] A multiple header made, e.g. of aluminium or alloys thereof, and intended for fluid distribution via pipes 14, consists of two interfitted parts 16, 17 with cold-pressure-welded joints 22, 23 at their interface. As shown in Fig. 2 the joint mating surfaces are formed with complementary grooves 26 and ribs 27. The flanks 28 of the grooves are at a small angle 30 to the plane 29 extending perpendicular to the joint face 31. For aluminium the preferred angle 30 is 1 degree of arcŒ30 minutes of arc (1 degreeŒ30 minutes). Sealing welds 24, 25 may be provided along the peripheral edge of the header.
Patent GB-1282469-A (GB)
Title: Photoelectrophoretic imaging process
IPC: G03G17/04
Filed: 1969-09-29
Abstract: 1282469 Photoelectrophoretic imaging XEROX CORP 29 Sept 1969 [3 Oct 1968] 47679/69 Heading G2H A photo-electrophoretic imaging process comprises imagewise exposing a particle suspension 14 and subjecting it to an electric field between electrodes 11 and 16, which field is periodically varied so as to agitate the particles to dislodge them and break up particle agglomerates. As shown, a D.C. source 17 is supplemented by an A.C. source 19, which may be rectified, Fig. 3, 7 (not shown). In an alternative embodiment, Fig. 2 (not shown), roller 16, to which a D.C. potential is applied, is roller across electrode 11 followed by another roller (28) to which D.C. and A. C. is applied. In another embodiment, Fig. 8 (not shown), field variation is obtained by periodically switching the D. C. potential on and off. By suitable selection of the frequency of the field variation, a half-tone image may be obtained.
Patent GB-1062917-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for thermostatic control of the intake of liquid fuel to burners
Inventor: ELIAS FRANTISEK
IPC: F23D5/14
Filed: 1964-11-24
Abstract: 1,062,917. Valves. USTAV PRE ROSVOJ STROJARSKEHO SPOTREBNEHO TOVARU. Nov. 24, 1964, No. 47720/64. Heading F2V. [Also in Division F4] If liquid fuel in the float chamber of a floatcontrolled inlet valve (2) flows through an overflow tube (26) (Fig. 3) into a safety vessel (27) supported on a tie-rod (25), the increased weight of the vessel causes a hair-pin spring (21) to escape from under a tooth (22) and to strike a flange (4) on the float needle (3) to close the float valve.
Patent GB-1012191-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of culturing chlorophyta
IPC: A01G33/00
Filed: 1963-12-04
Abstract: A method of culturing Chlorophyta in a liquid nutrient medium comprises the steps of serially adding fermentable carbohydrate to the nutrient medium to achieve a total addition of at least about 10% carbohydrate (weight per initial volume) (preferably between 20% and 50% in the case of glucos) while maintaining a concentration of less than about 10% carbohydrate during the culture period, incorporating as a primary nitrogen source a salt having a chlorophyta - metabolizable nitrogenous ion combined with an oppositely-charged and relatively non-metabolizable ion, and periodically admixing nitrogenous material capable of exerting an electrical charge similar to that of the nitrogenous ion to provide metabolizable nitrogenous ions sufficient to maintain a pH of between about 5.0 and 8.0 (preferably between 7 and 7.7) in the medium, whereby the total Chlorophyta cell weights and the xanthophyll content thereof is enhanced. The salt may be an ammonium salt such as ammonium sulphate, citrate or phosphate, and the nitrogenous material ammonia. Alternatively, the salt may be a nitrate such as potassium nitrate, and the nitrogenous material nitric acid.  Minor amounts of phosphorus and such micro-ingredients as iron, calcium, zinc, molybdenum, copper and boron, are maintained in the nutrient medium. The culture may be illuminated by a fluorescent lamp.  Fermentable carbohydrates include glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, fructose, mannose, starch and dextrin. Micro-organisms of the orders Volvocales and Chlorococcales are preferred, particularly those of the families Chlamydomonadaceae, Oocystaceae, Chlorococcaceae and Scenedesmaceae. Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Chlorella miniata and Chlorella vulgaris are the preferred species. The examples disclose compositions of suitable liquid nutrient media.
Patent GB-1431966-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for limiting the charge of a storage cell
IPC: H01M10/44
Filed: 1973-10-15
Abstract: 1431966 Battery charging systems; DC-DC converters SAFT SOC DES ACCUMULATEURS FIXES ET DE TRACTION 15 Oct 1973 [13 Oct 1972] 48023/73 Headings H2F and H2H The charging current of a battery is limited when the rate of increase of charging current with respect to time reaches a predetermined value after passing through zero. The invention is based on the phenomenon that as the battery becomes fully charged, the charging current increases because of a decrease in the battery internal resistance due to increase in temperature. As shown in Fig. 2, the battery 1 is charged from a supply +V, -V, obtained from a rectifier (not shown), the current being monitored by means of a Hall probe or magnetic transductor or, by a low value resistor 15, the resulting voltage being amplified at 16 and fed to a further circuit (Fig. 3) for determining the rate of change of current. Analogue rate of increase of charging current circuit.-Fig. 3 shows an arrangement in which capacitor 30 is charged substantially instantaneously to a voltage proportional to charging current and feeds an integrating or delay circuit 31, 32. It is shown that the difference in voltage across capacitors 30 and 31 is a function of the increase in charging current over a period equal to the time constant of components 31 and 32. This difference is fed to an amplifier 38, arranged to provide a step in the output when the difference reaches a threshold value derived from transistor 35. The resulting change in output voltage is integrated at 41, and when the resulting ramp voltage reaches a further threshold, amplifier 44 switches over, turning off transistor 51, releasing relay 52 and opening contacts 4, 13, 14 (Fig. 2) and so stopping the charge of the battery. Digital rate of charging current detection.- Figs. 4-6 (not shown) relate to an alternative system in which a unijunction transistor or PUT provides pulses, the frequency of which is a function of charging current. A system of logic gates and counters is described which counts said pulses during the half cycles of a 0.1 Hz pulse generator and cuts off the charging current when the number of pulses during one period is greater than that during the previous period by a predetermined number. D.C.-D.C. converters.-A multivibrator comprising transistors 18, 19 (Fig. 2) arranges to charge capacitors 20 and 21 alternately and so provides stabilized supplies + Vs - Vs from the supply +V, -V, stabilized by Zener diodes 23.
Patent GB-1474566-A (GB)
Title: Clutch disc assemblies for motor vehicle clutches
IPC: F16F15/129
Filed: 1974-11-06
Abstract: 1474566 Mounting clutch discs on hubs DAIMLER BENZ AG 6 Nov 1974 [13 Nov 1973] 48040/74 Heading F2U A clutch disc 10 carrying friction linings is resiliently-mounted on a hub 16 by means of multi-stage springs 13 to 15 disposed in apertures 18 to 20 in, for example, the clutch disc and its associated side plate 12 and co-operating with correspondingly equal and then progressively larger apertures 21 to 23 in a hub flange 24 damping of the springs being effected in stages by first and second main friction devices 27, 28, the first consisting of friction discs 27a and a control plate 29 connected by a control spring 32 to the hub flange, the second consisting of friction discs 28a and a control plate 37 connected by a control spring 40 to the clutch disc and its associated side plate, the control plates 29, 37 being connected together through a lost-motion connection, the arrangement being such that at any one position in the range of movement permitted by the springs above an idling range only one of the main friction devices is effective to dampen relative movement between the clutch disc and hub flange. The lost-motion connection delays relative movement between the clutch disc 10 and the hub flange 24 until after they have moved through an angle corresponding to the idling range of the clutch. Damping of the idling vibrations is effected by an idling friction device 25 pressed by a spring 26 or 44. The control plate 37 has a projection 38 which engages a fork arm 42 on the control plate 29 with a clearance corresponding to the angle for the idling range; a projection 43 on the opposite side of the control plate 37 engages an aperture 33 in the hub flange 24. In operation, only the first stage spring 13 is effective with the idling friction device 25, the spring being mounted in apertures 18 in the clutch disc 10 and associated side plate 12 and co-operating with an aperture 21 of equal size in the hub flange 24. After this first torsional angle has been used up the two second stage springs 14 come into effect, the springs being mounted in apertures 19 and co-operating with larger apertures 22 in the hub flange 24. Since the second control spring 40 is under higher initial loading than the first control spring 32 the first control plate 37 moves on and the first main friction device 27 becomes effective. When the projection 38 engages one side of the aperture 39 in the hub flange 24 both the control plates 37, 29 remain stationary relative to the hub flange and only the clutch disc 10 moves against the second control spring 40 and friction discs 28a, the first main friction device 27 being ineffective. In the third stage, the third stage spring 15 joins with the other stage springs 13 and 14 to co-operate with the second main friction device 28 and its control spring 40.
Patent GB-1047766-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in "aromatic carbonates"
IPC: C08G64/06
Filed: 1963-12-05
Abstract: The invention comprises cyclic aromatic carbonate polymers of formula <FORM:1047766/C2/1> where m is 2 or 3, A is <FORM:1047766/C2/2> when m is 2, and A is <FORM:1047766/C2/3> when m is 3; R1 is halogen or alkyl; R2 is alkylidene; and p is 0, 1 or 2.  They are prepared by contacting, in the presence of an acid acceptor, substantially equimolar proportions of a dihydric phenol of formula <FORM:1047766/C2/4> respectively, and a carbonyl halide. Temperatures of -10 DEG  to above 75 DEG  C. are mentioned, below 20 DEG  C. being preferred.  A solvent may be used, the weight ratio of dihydric phenol to solvent preferably being below about 0.2. Amines used as acid acceptors may also act as solvents.  The desired products may be separated from linear polymers formed as by-products by addition of a suitable solvent to precipitate the linear polymer, e.g. acetone, ether or CS2, or by evaporating to dryness and extracting the desired products from the linear polymer. Monomeric carbonates formed along with the dimers may be removed by vacuum sublimation at about 90-150 DEG  C. The dimers and trimers may be polymerized by heating to give high molecular weight linear polymers (see Division C3).ALSO:Linear high molecular weight aromatic carbonate polymers are prepared by heating cyclic aromatic carbonate polymers of formula <FORM:1047766/C3/1> where m is 2 or 3; A is <FORM:1047766/C3/2> when m is 2, and A is <FORM:1047766/C3/3> when m is 3; R1 is halogen or alkyl; R2 is alkylidene; and p is 0, 1 or 2. A basic catalyst may be used, such as alkali metals and their hydroxides, carbonates, alkoxides and aryloxides, quaternary ammonium hydroxides and organometallics. Polymerization may be effected with or without solvents. Temperatures as high as 350 DEG  C. may be required for initiation in the absence of solvents, but 100 DEG  C. or less may suffice if solvents are used, 110 DEG  C. to the reflux temperature being preferred.  Suitable solvents include chlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated diphenyl ethers, diphenyl ether and haloalkanes. Molecular weight regulators such as monofunctional phenols, organic acids and alcohols may be added.  Copolymers of the dimers and trimers together may be prepared or they may be copolymerized with one or more monomers of the type <FORM:1047766/C3/4> where A and B are aromatic radicals, R is attached to A and B ortho to the respective oxygen atoms and is alkylidene, sulphonyl, carbonyl, sulphoxyl, sulphur or oxygen and n is 0 or 1.  Linear polymers containing the repeating group <FORM:1047766/C3/5> or <FORM:1047766/C3/6> are obtained as by-products in the preparation of the cyclic dimers and trimers by the action of a carbonyl halide in the presence of an acid acceptor on a dihydric phenol of formula <FORM:1047766/C3/7> or <FORM:1047766/C3/8> respectively.  They may be isolated by precipitation with a solvent such as acetone, ether or CS2, or by evaporating the reaction mixture to dryness and extracting the cyclic carbonates with such a solvent.
Patent GB-1203309-A (GB)
Title: Valve assembly
Inventor: EYERDAM HOMER FREDRICK
IPC: B65D83/14
Filed: 1968-10-10
Abstract: 1,203,309. Valves. EATON YALE & TOWNE Inc. 10 Oct., 1968 [30 Oct., 1967], No. 48150/68. Heading F2V. [Also in Division F1] A dispensing or filling valve for a pressurized dispensing container comprises a resilient body 24 enclosing a valve member 40, Fig. 2, which is biased on to its seat 33 by the resilience of body 24, and is moved off seat 33 by the application of an axial force or pressure through opening 27, body 24 only being distended at its smallest cross-section portion surrounding chamber 30. Flow takes place between openings 27 and 32 via chambers 29 and 30 and a groove 41 in member 40. In Fig. 7, a second valve member 64 on a stem 63 engages a seat 27, both valve members being unseated by axial movement of the valve member assembly. In Figs. 9 to 14 (not shown), alternative arrangements of grooves in the valve member and valve body are provided. The valve body is mounted in an apertured depression 13 in the container wall 12. The container may be divided into separate propellant and product chambers by a corrugated flexible inner container, Fig. 1 (not shown), a filling valve being provided for one chamber and a dispensing valve for the other.
Patent GB-1040149-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gear grinding machines
IPC: B23F23/10
Filed: 1963-12-06
Abstract: 1,040,149. Grinding. PELLEGRINI-TRAVERSA-PASTORINO S.p.A. Dec. 6, 1963 [Dec. 21, 1962], No. 48253/63. Heading B3D. A gear grinding machine comprises an indexing plate for indexing a workpiece with respect to a grinding tool, drive means arranged to drive both a device for transmitting the drive intermittently and a cam, the device being arranged to rotate the indexing plate through a drive system which comprises a plurality of gears which are interchangeable to change the drive ratio thereof and further gears including a worm engaging a worm-wheel, the further gears being driven from the plurality of gears, the cam being arranged to actuate a stop member in such manner that the member is capable of engaging the indexing plate and locking it in any one of a plurality of predetermined angular positions. A rectilinearly reciprocating grinding wheel F grinds the teeth of a gear-wheel D clamped on a shaft C on which is keyed an index plate B. The shaft 10 of a motor driven reduction gear A drives, through bevel gears 12, 14, 18, 20, an eccentric 24 imparting to a cross 26 one-sixth of a revolution for each complete revolution of the shaft 10. The cross drives a gear-box M comprising interchangeable gears 30, 32, 34, 36. The output shaft of the gear-box drives, through gears 38, 52 and bevel gears 48, 46, a worm Q meshing with a worm-wheel P. The latter drives, through high-precision gears 44, 42, 40, the shaft C. The shaft of the eccentric 24 carries a cam 56 operating a spring-loaded lever 58 carrying a roller R engageable with notches in the index plate B.
Patent GB-1311455-A (GB)
Title: Support device for liquid-spraying apparats
IPC: B05B15/74
Filed: 1971-10-18
Abstract: 1311455 Spray producers P HAMMELMANN [trading as PAUL HAMMELMANN MASCHINENFABRIK] 18 Oct 1971 [1 Dec 1970] 48305/71 Heading B2F A stand for supporting paint spray guns 1 (2 and 3), with reversible jets 9, has an electromagnetically or fluid operated actuator 8 which swivels the guns upwardly, while simultaneously reversing the jets, so that blockages may be discharged in a direction away from the objects to be painted. Preferably, the jets are rotated by an arm 13 mounted in a stationary bearing 14.
Patent GB-1480941-A (GB)
Title: 3-benzoylacrylamides and their preparation and compositions containing them
IPC: A01N41/10
Filed: 1974-11-11
Abstract: There is described the preparation of novel substituted benzoylacrylanilides of the formula I, in which the substituents A and B have the meanings given in Claim 1. The said compounds are prepared by reacting compounds of the formula II with a halogenating agent to give a corresponding benzoylacryloyl halide of the formula III and then reacting this with compounds of the formula H2NB. The benzoylacrylanilides obtained are useful agents for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry, and they are in general used as additives to the feed or drinking water. <IMAGE>