baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1365129-A (GB)
Title: Electromagnetic flowmeter
Inventor: DOLL H G
IPC: A61B5/352
Filed: 1971-08-20
Abstract: 1365129 Electromagnetic flowmeters DOLL RESEARCH Inc 20 Aug 1971 [24 Aug 1970  1 July 1971] 39217/71 Heading G1N In an electromagnetic flowmeter for measuring the blood flow pulse in a blood vessel of a living being, the voltage picked up by the flowmeter electrodes 26 is applied to an averager 52 which provides the average of a plurality of blood flow pulses, the magnetic field of the flowmeter and the polarity of the picked-up voltage being reversed after half the number of pulses to be averaged have been detected thereby causing the e.c.g. waveform voltage, which occurs in the picked-up voltage and is unaffected by magnetic field reversal, to be reversed in polarity for the second set of pulses, the e.c.g. waveform voltages in the first and second set of pulses then cancelling each other in the averager. Alternatively, the magnetic field may be suppressed rather than reversed. As shown, the e.c.g. of the living being is detected and the R waves are utilized to trigger the averager 52 and a control logic circuit 54, the circuit 54, Fig.3a or 3b (not shown) being arranged to cause magnetic field reversal via a trapezoid function or ramp generator 58, Fig. 4 (not shown) a current source 60, Fig.5 (not  shown) and the field coil 56 of an electromagnet which provides the field, picked-up voltage reversal via a double-pole, double-throw relay 64, and to prevent the first two detected voltage pulses, after each field and signal polarity reversal, from reaching the averager, via delay time relay 62, thereby allowing the magnetic field to become stabilized after reversal. In alternatives, the field may be provided by an electrically reversible permanent magnet, Fig.14 (not shown) or a mechanically reversible permanent magnet, Fig.15 (not shown). To compensate for body movements during measurement, a pick-up coil is arranged intermediate the flowmeter electrodes 26, the voltage induced in the coil due to body movements being arranged to control the value of a photo-resistor, via a lamp, the photo-resister being arranged at the electrode outputs, Fig.13 (not shown). The electrodes may be placed on the skin, Fig.11 (not shown) or implanted in the tissue surrounding the blood vessel. The averaged pulses may be displayed on a strip recorder or CRT, or stored on magnetic tape.
Patent GB-858026-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of alumina
Inventor: NEUMANN BARBARA SUSAN
IPC: C01F7/18
Filed: 1957-12-17
Abstract: Aluminium hydroxide is recovered from solutions obtained by treating clays containing both aluminium and iron with acid, for example sulphuric acid, by filtering off the clay and treating the filtrate with calcium hydroxide to give a pH of 9.5 to 10.5, to precipitate the iron as ferrous hydroxide and to have a solution of monocalcium aluminate.  This solution is filtered to remove the precipitate, which, if sulphuric acid was employed, will also contain calcium sulphate, and the filtrate is treated with an alkali-metal carbonate to precipitate calcium carbonate and have a solution of alkali metal aluminate.  This solution is filtered and treated with carbon dioxide to precipitate aluminium hydroxide, which is recovered, and may be converted to alumina by heating.  The initial solution may be that formed in the acid activation of clay, for example, the activation of smectites, especially the montmorillonites, with a mineral acid, e.g. sulphuric or hydrochloric acid, normally at above 90 DEG C. for 1/2 -24 hours, to give bleaching clays.  Preferably the solution has a temperature of 15-90 DEG C., especially 75-85 DEG C., when the calcium hydroxide is added, and the solution is filtered within 10 minutes of this addition.  The initial solution preferably has a concentration of not more than 0.04% aluminium. The precipitated calcium carbonate may be converted to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide to be re-used in the process.  The aluminium hydroxide is converted to gamma-alumina on heating. Prolonged heating at above 1000 DEG C. will convert the gammato alpha-alumina.
Patent GB-1509104-A (GB)
Title: Vinyl chloride polymerisation process
IPC: C08F14/06
Filed: 1976-09-22
Abstract: 1509104 Polymerizing vinyl chloride SOLYAY ET CIE 22 Sept 1976 [6 Oct 1975] 39265/76 Heading C3P A process for the polymerization of vinyl chloride in aqueous suspension in the presence of monomer soluble free radical polymerization initiators is characterized in that polymerization is conducted initially in the presence of a pair of initiators and one of the initiators is selectively deactivated in the course of polymerization. By "deactivation" of an initiator is meant rendering the initiator inactive, e.g. by reduction or destruction, for the purpose of initiating polymerization and by "selective deactivation" is meant the complete or substantial deactivation of one of the initiators in the initiator pair without any or any significant deactivation of the other initiator. Suitable pairs of initiators are a lower dialkyl (C1-6) peroxydicarbonate plus a higher alkyl (#C7) peroxydicarbonate; a lower dialkyl peroxydicarbonate plus an azobisnitrile; and a higher dialkyl peroxydicarbonate plus an azobisnitrile. One of the initiators is preferably selectively deactivated before conversion exceeds 70%. When one of the initiators is both monomer-soluble and water-soluble and the other is exclusively monomer-soluble the monomer which is both monomer-soluble and water-soluble may be selectively deactivated by adding a water-soluble basic substance to the aqueous suspension. When both of the initiators are exclusively monomer-soluble one may be deactivated by adding a monomersoluble reducing agent, e.g. a phenolic compound, to the aqueous suspension. The specific examples refer to the use of a mixture of diethyl peroxydicarbonate and either diceyl peroxydicarbonate or 2,2<1>-azo-bis-2,4-dimethyl valeronitrile, ammonia being added to deactivate the peroxydicarbonate.
Patent GB-863288-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to bleaching compositions
IPC: D06L4/23
Filed: 1958-12-08
Abstract: A solid bleaching composition comprises a borate and a hypochlorite of an alkali and/or an alkaline-earth metal in such proportions that the molar ratio (Oct) : XnO : B2O3 (where X represents an alkali and/or alkaline-earth metal atom, n is 2 in the case of an alkali metal and 1 in the case of an alkaline-earth metal and only titratable alkalinity is taken into account in determining XnO) corresponds with proportions of from 0,029 to 0,36 moles of Oct per mole of B2O3 and from 0,65 to 0,90 moles of XnO per mole of B2O3. The composition may be in either crystalline or amorphous form and may also contain soluble crystalline salts such as alkali and alkaline earth-metal chlorides and chlorates.  The composition may be prepared by the addition of a hypochlorite to a borate or by the chlorination of material supplying the requisite XnO and B2O3 constituents, e.g. borax and caustic soda, sodium or potassium metaborate and borax, calcium or lithium borate and borax, potassium chloride, caustic soda and borax, potassium borate and caustic soda, sodium metaborate and boric acid or boric acid and sodium or potassium hydroxide, suitably in the form of an aqueous slurry.  Preferably, a slurry containing 30-55% of solids is chlorinated until a pH of about 9,2-10,0 is reached upon ten-fold dilution of the supernatant liquid and the product is dried.
Patent GB-1236103-A (GB)
Title: An electric apparatus for heating, melting, welding, soldering and cutting workpieces by focusing radiation from a source thereof at a working point or line on the workpiece
IPC: H05B3/00
Filed: 1968-08-20
Abstract: 1236103 Soldering; welding by fusion; cutting by fusion MESSER GRIESHEIM GmbH 20 Aug 1968 [29 Aug 1967 12 Oct 1967] 39732/68 Headings F4W W55 W58 W45D and W21 [Also in Divisions B5 G2 and H5] An electric apparatus for heating, melting, welding, soldering or cutting comprises a reflector chamber 10, Fig.1, having a pair of foci, one of which is located within and the other of which is located at a point or along a line outside the chamber, a source of radiation at the one focus, and aperture means adjacent the opening of the chamber for producing a transverse gas-curtain. Nozzles 12, 13 comprising aperture means 14, 15 may be supplied with pressurized gas e.g. air, oxygen, or a shielding gas; alternatively nozzles 12 may be pressurized and nozzles 13 connected to slight vacuum, or both nozzles 12 and 13 may be connected to slight vacuum. A screen or lens may be disposed between the gas-curtain and the source. Gas may be supplied to the interior of the chamber by a nozzle 16. In the embodiment of Fig.4 the chamber walls 111, 112 define a passageway 113 for leading gas to or from apertures 117, 118 whereby the gas will cool the chamber.
Patent GB-1243237-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to serrated couplings
IPC: F16D3/06
Filed: 1968-08-21
Abstract: 1,243,237. Couplings. S.R.M. HYDROMEKANIK A.B. 21 Aug., 1968 [2 Sept., 1967], No. 40008/68. Heading F2U. A rotatable coupling comprises two substantially coaxial and interengageable serrated members which are axially displaceable relative to each other and means for biasing at least a part of one flank of a serration of one member in, a direction generally transverse to a radius passing through the axis of rotation of the coupling so as to maintain the serrations of the two members in engagement. A cover 78, Fig. 1, has external teeth 80 which are engaged by the teeth 82 of the flywheel 84. The recesses 88, Fig. 2, have engaged therein spring elements 104, which have their ends 106 shaped as tooth flanks to engage the teeth 82. The teeth may have straight or curved flanks, e.g. involute. Prior to engagement of the coupling a pivotable lever 108 biases the spring elements 104 beyond their normal operating bias by engagement of projections 112 with elements 104 to facilitate teeth engagement. During engagement of the serrations lugs 116 are engaged by the flywheel 84 to pivot levers 108 into a position in which projections 112 enter recesses 114 in the spring elements and thereby permit the spring elements to assume their normal bias position. The torque converter has a turbine blade ring 16 mounted on rotor 20, a turbine blade ring 14 secured to the turbine blade ring by a core ring 28 and a reaction vane ring 18 is connected via a reaction rotor 24 to a shaft 26. The pump vane ring 12 is mounted on a pump rotor 30. For converter operation the working chamber 11 and a chamber 73 containing a coupling disc 66 are filled with pressure fluid via channel 70 and radial holes 74, 76 whilst a chamber 60 to the rear of a piston 62 is vented through bores 58, 56 and tube 68. For direct coupling with the converter disengaged the working chamber 60 is filled with fluid under pressure through tube 68 and bores 56, 58 whilst the working chamber 11 and chamber 73 are vented via channel 70 causing the annular piston to press the coupling disc 66 against its associated disc 36 so that the drive is transmitted via a splined gear 64 to the shaft 22.
Patent GB-824825-A (GB)
Title: A process for preparing a molecular sieve composite
IPC: B01J20/18
Filed: 1957-12-24
Abstract: A molecular sieve composite is formed by mixing crystallites of a zeolitic molecular seieve in an amount between 15 to 65% by weight of the total solids, with gelatinous aluminium hydroxide substantially free from ions of soluble salts, and drying the wet composite so obtained.  The zeolite employed may be natural, such as chabazite, analcite, gmelinite, and mordenite or modifications thereof by base exchange such as a calcium or barium exchanged mordenite, described in Specification 574,911, and also synthetic molecular sieves based on sodium aluminium silicate or ion exchanged forms thereof. Reference is made to a synthetic zeolite of composition 0.96 \sB 0.04Na2O 1.00Al2O3 1.92 \sB 0.09SiO2 having a unit cell of 12.26 ngstroms and a pore diameter of about 4  ngstroms and the same zeolite when 75% sodium ions are replaced by calcium ions.  A further sieve referred to has a unit cell of 24.95  ngstrom unit and a pore diameter of 13  ngstroms and has a formula 0.83 \sB 0.05Na2O 1.00Al2O3 2.48 \sB 0.03 SiO2.nH2O.  The gelatinous aluminium hydroxide may be prepared by precipitation from an aluminium salt solution by adding a base to a pH of 7.5 to 9.5, suitable bases being ammonium or sodium hydroxide or ammonium or sodium carbonate, or by precipitation from an alkali metal aluminate solution by sulphuric acid at a pH of 3.0 to 10 or by the hydrolysis of aluminium alcoholate or aluminium trialkyls optionally in an organic solvent. The hydrolysis in the latter case may be carried out by water vapour or liquid water. Alternatively the aluminium hydroxide may be produced by hydrolysis of aluminium amalgam or the electrolysis of aluminium in an aqueous electrolyte.  Contaminant ions are removed by washing with distilled water.  The composite of the invention may be prepared by adding zeolite crystallites of 0.5 to 5 microns diameter to the aluminium hydroxide gel and drying the composite and thereafter calcining the temperatures from 300 DEG  to 600 DEG  C. If desired the aluminium hydroxide/molecular zeolite composite may be spray dried.  The composites may be used for separating components of gaseous or liquid mixtures at temperatures up to 600 DEG  C. and pressures from sub-atmospheric to 1000 p.s.i.g.  Space velocities up to 40 v/v/hr. may be used.  The composities may be employed as fluidized beds and for this purpose the initial zeolite/aluminium hydroxide mixture may be fed on to a spinning disc and the resulting spray dried by air entering at 500 DEG  C.  Spheroidal particles of 15-85 microns diameter are obtained.
Patent GB-1476728-A (GB)
Title: Method of combating plant disease
IPC: A01N47/44
Filed: 1973-08-24
Abstract: 1476728 Fungicidal composition RECKITT & COLMAN PRODUCTS Ltd 19 Aug 1974 [24 Aug 1973] 40166/73 Heading A5E A fungicidal composition for combating late blight in potatoes comprises at least one 2- guanidine alkane of Formula I wherein n is 7-11 and R is a methyl or ethyl group, or an acid addition salt thereof, together with one or more solid or liquid diluents or carriers and preferably with a non- ionic wetting and/or dispersing agent. The preferred addition salts are the hydrochloride, methasulphate acetate, nitrate, phosphate, sulphate carbonate or naphthalate. The use of 2 guanidinododecane acetate or phosphate is particularly preferred.
Patent GB-1440301-A (GB)
Title: Pitot pump with means for excluding leakage from bearings
IPC: F04D1/12
Filed: 1974-09-16
Abstract: 1440301 Pitot pumps KOBE Inc 16 Sept 1974 40219/74 Heading F1C A pitot pump comprising a housing 12 containing a rotary casing 18 journalled on bearing 24 has means for minimizing bearing damage due to liquid leakage past a seal 52, comprising radial vanes 68 on the casing 18 which produce a positive pressue at the bearing thus causing liquid which has leaked through the seal 52 and which may otherwise pass through bearing 24, to be directed into a drain passage 60. Liquid which enters the pump via inlet port 30 and passes into casing 18 through annular inlets 34, 36, and radial passages 38, is collected by pitot tube 40 and is directed to outlet 50 via axial discharge ducts 46, 48. Seal 52 comprises two engaging rings, one fixed in housing 12 and the other carried by the casing 18. Liquid which passes through the seal is prevented from reaching the bearing by a positive pressure within housing 12 caused by the vanes 68, the housing being vented to the atmosphere.
Patent GB-1272803-A (GB)
Title: Cable control system
Inventor: CALLAGHAN JOSEPH CLAIR
IPC: B64F1/12
Filed: 1969-08-12
Abstract: 1,272,803. Constant tension winches. CANADA, MINISTER OF NATIONAL DEFENCE. 12 Aug., 1969, No. 40222/69. Heading B8B. [Also in Division F2] Apparatus for maintaining a desired tension in a length of cable 5A by which a helicopter is hauled down on to a ship's deck 3 comprises a cable tensioning winch 19 driven by a reversible hydraulic motor 15, and an accumulator 23 arranged to store a variable length loop of cable 5 between the winch and the said length of cable, the direction and speed of the winch driving motor being controlled by signals representative of the actual and desired cable tension, the actual winch speed and the actual speed of the length of cable 5A. The cable 5 extends from the drum 19, around biased apart sets of pulleys 23A, 23C, 23E and 23B, 23D of the accumulator 23 and over guide sheaves 31,33, 35 prior to passing up through the deck 3 to the helicopter. The sheave 35 is supported via a load cell 37 which produces a signal representative of the actual tension in the cable portion 5A and this is compared with a resistor setting variable by a handle 53, which is representative of the desired cable tension, any difference between the signals causing energization of an operating coil 67 of an hydraulic amplifier 47 which actuates a servo valve controlling a variable displacement pump 13 for the winch motor 15. A second operating coil 46 of the amplifier 47 is energizable by a signal representative of a difference in cable velocity at opposite sides of the accumulator, i.e. at the winch drum 19 and at the guide sheave 31, as registered by tachogenerators 41, 43, this controlling the winch motor pump as a result of sudden changes in cable tension which are absorbed by the accumulator 23. The motor 15 may alternatively drive a winch drum 21 for traversing the helicopter once on the deck, a switch 63 being provided for selecting connection between the coil 67 and the haul down circuit including the handle 53, or the traverse circuit including a handle 51. A piston rod of the servo valve is connected to a potentiometer 103 in the transverse circuit to provide a signal indicative of the winch motor pump setting and thus of the actual traverse speed.
Patent GB-1162054-A (GB)
Title: Process for Purifying beta-Methylmercaptopropionaldehyde
IPC: C07C/
Filed: 1967-09-04
Abstract: 1,162,054. Purification of #-methylmercaptopropionaldehyde. SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO. Ltd. 4 Sept., 1967 [2 Sept., 1966], No. 40269/67. Heading C2C. Crude # - methylmercaptopropionaldehyde, containing as an impurity an organic base or salt thereof of lower b.pt. than the aldehyde, is purified by distilling out the said impurity under reduced pressure while adding continuously or intermittently an amount of water and/or an alcohol of b.pt. lower than the aldehyde to (a) the crude aldehyde; (b) the distillation column; or (c) the recycled condensed distillate, sufficient to reduce the concentration of the organic base in the distillate to below 25% by weight. An impurity such as piperidine, pyridine, triethylamine or pyridine-acetic acid may be removed by this means. In the example crude # - methylmercaptopropionaldehyde, obtained from acrolein and methylmercaptan with acetic acid-pyridine as catalyst, is purified.
Patent GB-873220-A (GB)
Title: Polypropylene films and methods for their production
Inventor: JENNINGS BRIAN EDMUND
IPC: B29C59/00
Filed: 1958-12-15
Abstract: A process is described for making a polypropylene film of substantially uniform thickness in which at least 75% by weight of the polypropylene is insoluble in boiling n-heptane, and in which the polypropylene shows preferential molecular orientation (as determined by X-ray diffraction) with the molecular chain axes in the plane of the film, the molecules of polypropylene in the amorphous regions of the film being sufficiently free from internal strains so that the film has a linear shrinkage of not greater than 6% when heated for 1 min. at 120 DEG C., and the degree of molecular orientation being such that the film has a breaking tensile stress of at least 18,000 p.s.i., in any direction in the plane of the film, when measured on a specimen prepared by using a stamping cutter according to B.S.S. 903 Part A2 (1956) type C specimen at 20 DEG C. in two directions substantially at right angles substantially simultaneously.  In the process, polypropylene film, sheet or tube in which at least 75% by weight of the polypropylene is insoluble in boiling n-heptane, made by melt-extrusion and quenching, is passed through a narrow zone in which it is heated rapidly to a temperature in the range 120 DEG -170 DEG C., at which it may be uniformly drawn but below the crystalline melting point of the polypropylene, and is freely drawn during or immediately after such passage in at least the direction along the length of the film and, before, during, or after such drawing, is stretched transversely such that the area of the undrawn film is increased 16-100 times, and is then heattreated at from 75 DEG -170 DEG C., preferably 145 DEG -160 DEG C., the degree of crystallinity of the film before drawing and the drawing temperature, rate and ratio and heat-treatment conditions being so chosen that the product conforms to the above criteria regarding linear shrinkage and breaking tensile stress.  By rapid heating is meant heating by, e.g., infra-red radiation for at most 5 seconds, and by free drawing is meant drawing between a feeding means and a haul-off means.  During heat-treatment the film should not be allowed to shrink in any direction by more than 15%. Alternatively, a two-stage heattreatment may be used, the film being allowed to shrink in the second stage, which may be effected at from 110 DEG -130 DEG C.  Undrawn tubular film may be drawn in two directions substantially at right angles substantially simultaneously, and the heat-treatment stage may be effected in a continuous process in which the film is prevented from lateral contraction by internal pressure and from longitudinal contraction by means of feed and haul-off rollers.  Alternatively, during heat-treatment, the diameter of the inflated tabular film is allowed to shrink while longitudinal contraction is substantially prevented.  Specification 840,191 is referred to.