Patent GB-1200978-A (GB)
Title: Hydrostatic transmissions
Inventor: BOJAS EDWARD JOSEPH
IPC: F16H39/08
Filed: 1968-06-10
Abstract: 1,200,978. Hydrostatic transmissions. EATON YALE & TOWNE Inc. 10 June, 1968 [12 June, 1967], No. 27547/68. Headings F2C and F2D. A power transmission comprises a pump (12), Fig. 1 (not shown), supplying driving fluid to a motor (14), the relative positions of tiltable parts (12a, 14a) of the pump and motor determining the drive ratio, control means for the tiltable parts solely responsive to transmission pressure to provide a desired drive ratio, means for changing the relative positions of the tiltable parts including a second fluid motor 48, Fig. 2, arranged to operate on part of the control means to prevent the transmission of excess power, the operation of the second fluid motor being prevented until the transmission fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined maximum. Operation.-Manual control of a spool valve (44) controls the supply and return of pressure fluid to a cylinder 33, Fig. 2, and movement of the piston-rod 34 causes a link 38 to tilt the pump head 12a. The latter is connected to the motor head (14a) by links (24), one of which carries the fluid pressure passage. The pressure supplied by the pump 12 is admitted via a conduit 57 to a cylinder 50 having a spring-loaded piston 54. Tilting of the pump head 12a in an anticlockwise direction towards the neutral position of Fig. 1 reduces the drive ratio and the movement of link 38 by piston 54, thereby reduces the drive ratio when the fluid pressure overcomes the spring 56. The reduction is limited by the engagement of the shoulder 54b with cylinder 50. Movement of link 38 does not cause movement of piston 34 because pin 70 compresses spring 72 which returns lever 38 to its previous position when the fluid pressure falls below the predetermined value. Springs 56 may be replaced by a system which matches the horsepower output. In another embodiment a pump head unit 82, Fig. 5, which functions similarly to the previous embodiment, is connected to a fluid motor 84 controlled by a spool valve 86 which directs pressure fluid to either side of the motor piston. Movement of lever 88 counter-clockwise rotates an arm 92 to position "X" and moves valve spool 86a to the left, thereby directing fluid to the left-hand side of the piston of motor 84 which moves the pump 82 and an associated motor (not shown) to positions giving maximum forward drive ratio and causes the valve spool 86a to return to its neutral position, the transmission then being locked in the selected position. Similarly the transmission may be locked in the maximum reverse drive ratio, in which arm 92 is in position "Y", by moving lever 88 in the clockwise direction. Pressure fluid from a motor cavity is directed to passage 120 to act on the surface 122 of the piston-rod 112 and when this exceeds a predetermined value the piston-rod is moved to the right overcoming the springs 124, 128 successively. Piston-rod end 114 engages the arm 92 which is shifted towards its neutral (full line) position, thereby causing valve 86 to initiate a change in the angular position of pump 84 and its motor to a lower ratio setting. An abutment 116a limits the maximum projection of the piston-rod end 114. When the fluid pressure falls below the predetermined value springs 124, 128 retract the piston-rod. When the arm 92 is moved by piston-rod 112 a spring-link 94 is extended. The arm 92 is moved back to its previous position by the spring link when the piston-rod 112 is retracted. In a modification of the latter embodiment a control may be included which reduces the power demand of the transmission when the engine is about to stall. A stall-sensing mechanism (not described) closes the circuit of a solenoid operating a spool valve 146. This moves valve 146 to the left so that the fluid pressure in passage 120 is directed via passages 144, 159 to act additionally on surface 160. Sufficient force is then applied on piston-rod 112 to overcome the springs 124, 128 and the arm 92 is moved to set a lower drive ratio. When the solenoid is de-energized, spool valve 146 is returned to the position shown in Fig. 5 in which lands 150, 152 block communication between passageways 154 and 144. Fluid acting on surface 160 is vented to sump through passages 159, 144, 157 and 158. Fluid to left of land 150 is vented to the sump through passages 164 and 158 and fluid to the right of land 156 is vented to the sump through passages 166 and 158.