baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1223181-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to testing
Inventor: TOWNEND GORDON HOWARD
IPC: G01N3/06
Filed: 1968-04-11
Abstract: 1,223,181. Hardness testing: pneumatic gauge. GKN GROUP SERVICES Ltd. July 9, 1969 [April 11, 1968], No.17470/68. Headings G1M and G1S. In hardness testing an article e.g. a connecting rod the size of an indentation is measured or sensed by inserting the end of a hollow pneumatic probe 21 into the indentation and measuring or sensing the resistance to flow of the fluid out of the end of the probe. The end of the probe may contain a slotted spherical part 22 or a slotted conical part. The prope is mounted on a piston and cylinder arrangement such that it is held in engagement with the indentation under the pressure of springs 31, and the probe has a small transverse freedom of movement provided by balls 23 to facilitate correct alignment with the hole. Air is supplied to the gauge under constant pressure and the back pressure or rate of flow is sensed or measured. The rate of flow may be measured by a float in tube gauge having marks to index the limits of acceptable hardness. In Fig. 3 the back pressure is sensed by two diaphragms 55a, 55b which operate micro-switches 56a, 56b respectively at pressures corresponding to the limits of acceptable hardness the switches being connected to sorting apparatus. In the embodiment of Fig.4 (not shown) the back pressure from the probe is compared by two detectors 58a, 58b with two fixed pressures corresponding to the limits of acceptable hardness produced by flow lines 51, 52 including restrictors and connected to the pressure source of the probe. Each detector comprises a diaphragm which activates a switch when the probe pressure is higher than the pressure in the corresponding flow line, the switches being connected to sorting apparatus. The measuring apparatus may be included in a hardness testing machine for articles Fig. 1 (not shown) comprising a table to carry articles 9 between stations, a height sensing station 11, a grinding station 12 where a grinding wheel set at the correct height by the result from station 11 grinds a small area to a smooth surface, an indenting station 13, the indentation measuring station 14, and a sorting station 16 where articles are removed and assorted according to acceptable or unacceptable hardness from the results from the measuring station 13.
Patent GB-620387-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the separation of hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C7/163
Filed: 1943-10-23
Abstract: Benzene is separated from a petroleum fraction which includes benzene, n-hexane, and cyclohexane, by catalytically hydrogenating to convert benzene to cyclohexane and fractionating to separate cyclohexane from n-hexane.  A fraction of approximate B.R. 67-92 DEG C. may be recovered from a petroleum distillate by superfractionation as described in Specification 600,551, [Group III], e.g. by first stabilizing and debutanizing, and then fractionating in a series of columns having the equivalent of not substantially less than 50 theoretical plates, with high reflux ratios, and operating conditions controlled in accordance with the composition of the feed, to yield, in addition to recovered n-hydrocarbons, high octane isopentane, isohexane, and isoheptane fractions.  This last fraction may include a fraction of the specified range containing n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, methylcyclopentane, 2.2- and 2.4-dimethylpentane, and 2.2.3-trimethylbutane.  This is hydrogenated in liquid or vapour phase, for example at 170-300 DEG  C. and 500-1500 lbs./sq. in, using a nickel sulphide-tungsten sulphide catalyst.  Other hydrogenation catalysts such as Raney nickel may also be used to hydrogenate the benzene.  The product is fractionated to remove n-hexane as overhead and yield a bottoms containing all the cyclohexane.  The petroleum fraction treated may be cut at the lighter end to include the n-hexane, and at the heavier end by fractionation in a column equivalent to at least 50 and preferably 70 theoretical plates, and operative continuously at a reflux ratio of at least 6 and preferably 15:1, to include all the cyclohexane but to exclude 3,3-dimethylpentane.  The hydrogenated material is fractionated to give n-hexane and methylcyclopentane overhead and cyclohexane and isoheptanes as bottoms.
Patent GB-1364653-A (GB)
Title: Production of esters of hydroxyethyl terephthalates
IPC: C07C69/82
Filed: 1971-05-27
Abstract: 1364653 Esters of mono- and bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalates HALCON INTERNATIONAL Inc 27 May 1971 [28 May 1970 30 April 1971] 17535/71 Heading C2C A method of preparing a di-ester of bis-(betahydroxyethyl) terephthalate which ester has the formula  where Ph is para-phenylene and each R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a mixture of said diester with the corresponding mono-ester of mono-(betahydroxyethyl) terephthalate which monoester has the formula where R and Ph are as defined above, comprises reacting terephthalic acid with a diester of ethylene glycol and an aliphatic carboxylic acid having the structure RCOOH, where R is as defined above, or a mixture of said di-ester with the corresponding mono-ester of ethylene glycol, in the liquid phase at a reaction temperature of at least 220‹ C. and in the absence of acidic catalyst. The invention also comprises a monobeta-acyloxyethyl ester of terephthalic acid where the acyl group has the structure RCO, where R is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Examples are furnished.
Patent GB-808908-A (GB)
Title: Linear polyamide compositions
IPC: D01F6/60
Filed: 1956-05-31
Abstract: Linear polyamides are dissolved in solutions of not less than 70 per cent by weight chloral hydrate in water by heating a mixture thereof to a temperature between 25 DEG  C. and the boiling point of the solvent.  Specified polyamides are polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polytetramethylene adipamide, polytetramethylene sebacamide and polycaprolactam. The solutions may also contain plasticizers, dyes, pigments, diluents, resins, cellulose derivatives, waxes, water-repellents and delustrants. Polyamide filaments may be made by extruding the solutions into non-solvents for the polyamides, e.g. water, alcohols containing up to 5 carbon atoms and aqueous sodium hydroxide.  The examples describe the preparation of solutions of polyhexamethylene adipamide and the extrusion thereof into aqueous alcohol or water.  The solutions may also be formed into solid articles and films and used as lacquers for coating and impregnating.  Specification 461,237, [Group IV], and U.S.A. Specifications 2,071,250 and 2,071,253 are referred to.
Patent GB-255858-A (GB)
Title: Duplex radio telephone system
IPC: H04B1/50
Filed: 1926-07-14
Abstract: 255,858. Wired Radio, Inc., (Assignees of Duncan, R. D.). July 24, 1925, [Convention date]. Duplex signalling. - In a combined receiving and transmitting installation, modulated polyphase currents are fed to the transmitting aerial, and a separate coupling link is provided between the polyphase generator and the receiving aerial so that the energy fed through the link and that radiated from the transmitting aerial counterbalance each other on the receiving aerial. This leaves the latter free to receive incoming energy at all times, and maintains a constant two-way channel of communication. The oscillator 25 energizes a tuned system 26 coupled to star-connected inductances 27, which feed the grids of three power-amplifiers 28, 29, 30. Modulation of the three-phase output is effected through the parallel-connected shunt valves 43, 44, 45 and microphone 47. Two of the phases are fed directly to the transmitting aerial 5. The inductive coupling between the transmitting aerial 5 and the adjacent receiving aerial 9 is neutralized by means of a separate coupling link carrying the third phase and comprising inductances 13, 15, a variable condenser 14 and a variable resistance 17. This link is provided with a shield 14 grounded at 8, and its coupling with the coils 4 and 11 together with its tuning and damping components are so adjusted that the current induced by it and the receiving aerial are in phase-opposition with those picked up from the transmitter 5.
Patent GB-799282-A (GB)
Title: Purification of organic acids
Inventor: MACLEAN DUNCAN
Filed: 1956-06-08
Abstract: The purification of one or more of phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic or benzoic acids which contains or contain a metallic impurity is effected by dissolving the impure acid or acids in an excess of aqueous alkali and removing the precipitated impurity. The filtered solution of organic salts may be optionally treated with an alkali metal hypochlorite, e.g. sodium hypochlorite solution, to ensure complete removal of cobalt impurities.  The hypochlorite treatment may be carried out at room temperature or preferably in the range 40-60 DEG  C.  The purified acids may be regenerated by addition of a mineral acid.  In examples terephthalic acid containing cobalt, nickel, manganese and titanium impurities is treated with sodium hydroxide solution until the solution is of pH 8-9 and, after filtering off the precipitated hydroxides, with sodium hypochlorite at (i) room temperature, and (ii) 40-160 DEG  C., (i) being repeated containing barium as an additional impurity, and benzoic acid and a mixture of phthalic acids containing cobalt, manganese and nickel impurities is treated with 4 per cent potassium hydroxide to give a solution of pH 8-9 and the filtered solution treated with sodium hypochlorite at (iii) room temperature; and (iv) 40-60 DEG  C.
Patent GB-978447-A (GB)
Title: An improved fluid-flow control valve
Inventor: BUSWELL ROBERT EDMUND
IPC: G05D23/13
Filed: 1962-05-09
Abstract: 978,447. Valves. WESTERN THOMSON CONTROLS Ltd. March 11, 1963 [May 9, 1962], No. 17758/62. Heading F2V. A temperature-responsive flow-control valve in an engine cooling system incorporates a fixed, hollow body 11 closed at one end by a wall 13 that is supported on struts 14 which provide a first flow passage 15 leading to a radiator port 30. At the other end of the body 11 is a second flow passage constituted by a port 16 or a recess in the lower edge of the body 11. A sleeve 17, which is axially slidable in the body 11, is urged by a spring 19 to abut the wall 13 so closing the passage 15 and opening passage 16 whereby coolant from an inlet port 29 flows to a by-pass 31. A temperature-responsivo element 21, which is supported by the sleeve 17 in the path of the incoming coolant, acts through pins 22, 25 so that upon an increase in coolant temperature it tends to move the sleeve 17 against the spring 19 to open the first passage and close the second passage. The temperature-responsive element comprises a rigid body enclosing a resilient elastomer e.g. nitrile rubber, against which bears the pin 22, the body and elastomer defining a space for a pressure exerting or transmitting medium. This space may contain a temperature-responsive medium or a pressure-responsive medium connected to a temperature-responsive element which may be remotely located. The temperatureresponsive medium is a wax, e.g. paraffin or a micro-crystalline hydrocarbon, which undergoes a large volumetric expansion upon change of state from solid to liquid. Specifications 757,429, 792,797, 801,881, 801,882, 885,242 and 888,655 are referred to.
Patent GB-317579-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pivots for casements, doors and the like
IPC: E05D7/08
Filed: 1928-06-20
Abstract: 317,579. Mellowes, H. A., and Hodgkins, H. June 20, 1928. Pivoting adjustments. -A socket 14 is internally toothed round part of its circumference and A spring-pressed pawl 25 receives a trunnion 20. A spring-pressed pawl 25 is carried in a. slot passing right through the trunnion and one end of the spring bears against the socket. The teeth may be formed in a separate corrugated strip or they may be integral with the socket in which case the end of the socket would be cut away td facilitate the cutting of the teeth. The trunnion may have a flange that bears against the socket and the latter may have an aperture, covered by a flanged plug 28, through which the pawl can be inserted into the trunnion.
Patent GB-1221494-A (GB)
Title: A method of and apparatus for use in jointing and terminating fluid-impregnated electric cables
Inventor: PAPADOPULOS MICHAEL SAVVAS
IPC: H02G15/26
Filed: 1968-04-16
Abstract: 1,221,494. Cable joints and terminations. BRITISH INSULATED CALLENDER'S CABLES Ltd. 16 April, 1969 [16 April, 1968], No. 17824/68. Heading H2E. In a method of jointing or terminating fluid-, e.g. oil, impregnated cables an annular space between the external sheath 4 and insulated core 5 through which cable impregnant flows is blocked during jointing or terminating, by a radially expandable ring 14, the ring being contracted to allow flow of impregnant once jointing or terminating has been completed. The sealing ring 14 is preferably inflated by fluid pressure, the fluid preferably being the same as or compatible with the cable impregnant. The ring may be contained in an annular chamber 12, which forms part of a fitting 9 attached to the cable sheath 4 and to the end wall 2 of the joint enclosure 1, the ring being inflated through a valve 15. Alternatively the ring (26) may be applied over the insulated core (22) and cutback sheath (23) of the cable (Fig. 3, not shown) in which case the ring (26) may be retained in a collar (25) or may have strips of reinforcing material in the outer circumferential wall which inhibit outward expansion of the ring. In this case the enclosure (21) may be of a standard type covering the ring (26) which is inflated through a pipe (27) connected to a valve (28) passing through the wall of the enclosure. The collar (25) may be a rigid body of metal or insulating material or may be of flexible material, e.g. " Terylene " (Registered Trade Mark). The ring is preferably applied in a contracted or semi-contracted state, then inflated while jointing takes place and after the enclosure has been sealed, evacuated and filled with impregnant the ring is contracted to allow flow of impregnant.
Patent GB-530153-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in trailing vehicles
IPC: B60P1/06
Filed: 1939-06-19
Abstract: 530,153. Tipping vehicles. GRAY, E. T. Y. June 19, 1939, No. 17832. [Class 108 (i)] A trailer vehicle 1 with two wheels 2 has the drawbar 10 pivoted thereto at a point 12 above the axle 3 and between the axle and the front of the trailer but remote from the latter so that the trailer is tipped when the towing vehicle moves backwards the wheels being locked by positive locking means or by a brake 6 operated by a lever 9. The rear end of the drawbar is provided with a supporting portion 11 on which the front part of the trailer frame rests and to which it is locked by a latch 14.
Patent GB-1079993-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in disc brakes
Inventor: TICKIE COLIN JOHN FREDERICK
IPC: F16D65/092
Filed: 1964-04-30
Abstract: 1,079,993. Disc brakes. GIRLING Ltd. April 26, 1965 [April 30, 1964], No. 17922/64. Heading F2E.  In a disc brake a friction, pad is carried by a shoe pivotally connected to :a thrust .member connected by parallel links which are spaced apart in a direction axial to the disc to a stationary bracket, the connection between shoe and thrust member including means for maintaining the shoe substantially parallel to the disc. In one embodiment of the invention, a brake for the axle or propeller shaft of a rail vehicle, two shoes 17,18 are pivoted at 27, 34 by lugs 28 to thrust members which each carry a blade spring 41 engaging the backs of the shoes. The shape of the backs provides a spring rate which increases with angular movement. The brakes are actuated by a power.operated rod 45 and levers 44, 37 connected by a tie-rod 48, provided with a plurality of holes 49 to allow adjustment after wear. Alternatively rod 48 may comprise a turnbuckle or may include an automatic adjuster. The pads 13, 14 may be bonded to rigid backing plates 15, 18 releasably mounted on the shoes 17, 18. Each plate has at its supper end a notch engaging headed stud 19 on the shoe. The plate is clamped by a keeper (21, Fig. 2, net shown.) having a projection (22) engaging a notch in the lower end of the plate. On release of the keeper (21) the backing plate and pad may be withdrawn downwards over the shoe face. In another embodiment (Fig. 4, not shown) a lever (55) is provided to allow alternative manual operation of the brake.
Patent GB-1437778-A (GB)
Title: Cementation of metals
IPC: C22B15/00
Filed: 1975-04-30
Abstract: 1437778 Extracting metals by cementation INTERNATIONAL NICKEL CO OF CANADA Ltd 30 April 1975 [22 May 1974 (3)] 18000/75 Heading C7D Cu, Ag, Au, Hg and Pt group metals are cemented from aqueous acidic solutions on to a particulate base metal higher in the electro-motive series, the solution containing a water soluble thiosulphate (up to 10 pts by wt. 5 to 100 pts by wt. of desired metal) to promote the flaking off of the cemented metal from the base metal, and hence its recovery. Examples relate to the recovery of Cu from Ni process solutions with Ni powder (Examples 1-3); Cu from CuSO 4  solution with Fe (Example 5) or Zn (Example 11); Ag from AgF solution with Zn (Example 6) or from Ag 2 SO 4  solution with Al (Example 7); Au from AuCl solution with Fe (Example 8); Pt group metal from a solution of its chloride with Zn (Example 9); and Hg from a nitrate solution with Fe. Suitable thiosulphates are those of Na, K, Li, NH4 and Mg. The particulate base metal may be reduced oxide powder containing some oxide, and the reaction may take place in a liquid fluidized bed, packed column or pachuca tank.
Patent GB-1087892-A (GB)
Title: An insulating piece for use in a dynamo-electric machine
Inventor: HAGGARTY ALFRED RAYMOND
IPC: H02K3/52
Filed: 1965-04-29
Abstract: 1,087,892. Insulation for dynamo-electric machines. JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd. April 29, 1966 [April 29, 1965], No. 18025/65. Heading H2A. The interconnecting wires between the stator coils of an electrical machine are prevented from touching the yoke by means of a single sheet of insulating material having an integral strap formed in it. The wires are passed between the strap and the sheet to anchor them and separate them from the yoke. A rectangular sheet of insulating material (11) has two corners cut away and a pair of spaced-apart longitudinal cuts (12a), (12b), parallel to the longer side made in it to provide a strap (13). The shorter longitudinal edge has two cuts, perpendicular to the cuts (12a), (12b) and spaced apart by slightly less than the length of the strap, depending from it and the flap (15) so formed is folded down and passed under the strap 13 and the sheet doubled vertically to provide an apex at the centre of the strap. The parts of the sheet outside cuts (14a), (14b) are then folded back to lie flat. In a machine the outer parts lie along the inside periphery of the yoke between the stator coils and the interconnecting wires are passed under the strap. In a modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), one side of the sheet is rounded and a a hemispherical hole cut in it to form the strap which is then folded over the body of the sheet. The resulting sheet is then folded in the same way as before to provide the insulating piece.
Patent GB-204147-A (GB)
Title: Improved method or means for attaching superheater tubes to headers
IPC: F22G3/00
Filed: 1922-06-30
Abstract: 204,147. Sugden, T. June 30, 1922. Jointing tube to flat headers.-In the method of attaching superheater tubes to headers by means of a clamping bar F which pressing against a collar D on the end of a superheater tube C, draws the latter towards the header B, the clamping bar is secured by two bolts G arranged one on each side of the header, the shanks of the bolts being bent so that the heads engage the underside of the header. Preferably a sealing ring E is inserted between the collar D and the header.
Patent GB-111366-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Butter Making Machines.
Inventor: STEVENSON GEORGE JOHNSTON
IPC: A01J15/08
Filed: 1916-12-15
Abstract: 111,366. Stevenson, G. J., and Cronin, L. Dec. 15, 1916. Apparatus fitted to butter-workers.-In a combined churning and butter-working machine cornprising a churn casing 1 and a butter-working chamber contained in a casing 14, the loose bottom 19 of the butter mixing and working chamber is supported by a spring 20 and carries an indicator finger 21 which shows upon a glass scale 22 the weight of butter within the chamber.
Patent GB-111913-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Photographic Films.
Inventor: EDWARDS AUSTIN
IPC: G03C5/16
Filed: 1916-12-16
Abstract: 111,913. Edwards, A. Dec. 16, 1916. R÷ntgen-ray apparatus.-Films with multiple sensitive layers for X-ray &c. photography are made by coating both sides of " roll-celluloid " with emulsion suitable for X-ray photography.
Patent GB-1377338-A (GB)
Title: Telecommunications dial switches
IPC: H04M1/31
Filed: 1973-04-16
Abstract: 1377338 Impulse generators SIEMENS AG 16 April 1973 [24 May 1972] 18153/73 Heading H4K In an impulse generator comprising a base 7, finger disc 2, first rotatable component 3 connected to a drive spring 5 and a second rotatable component 10 which, during use, transmits energy stored in the drive spring to a mechanism for producing dial switch pulses, the first and second components are directly connected to each other in form locking fashion, e.g. by engaging teeth 9, and one of the components has a cylindrical collar 6 which serves as a rotation shaft for the two components in the base.
Patent GB-601666-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of insecticidal preparations
IPC: A01N25/14
Filed: 1944-09-22
Abstract: Insecticidal aqueous dispersions are prepared by dispersing in the molten state in an aqueous medium containing as a dispersing agent a ligno-sulphonic acid or a salt thereof an insecticidal organic substance which has the property, when so dispersed of forming dispersed particles which remain globular at ordinary temperature, or a mixture of an insecticidal substance with an added crystallisation inhibitor which imparts the aforesaid property to the mixture, and cooling the dispersion whilst retaining the globular form of the dispersed particles.  The insecticidal organic substance may be D.D.T. or the related compounds set forth in Specification 547,871, and/or rotenone-containing resins obtained by extracting derris, barbasco, lonchocarpus or cube.  Specified crystallisation inhibitors are diamylphthalate, dibutyl phthalate, paradichlorobenzene, mono-chloronapthalene, or mixtures containing such an ester and such a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon.  The ligno-sulphonic acid may be in the form of sulphite cellulose waste.  The dispersions may also contain a colloidal clay such as Kaolin or a water-soluble protective colloid such as gelatin, dextrin or starch.  The dispersions may be dried at a temperature not exceeding 60 DEG C, e.g. by spraying the dispersion into heated air, to obtain an insecticidal composition in pulverulent form.  The Provisional Specification describes also the use of 3 : 5-dinitro-ortho-cresol as the insecticidal substance.
Patent GB-332358-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to clips for securing a pipe or tube of compressible material upon a member inserted therein
IPC: F16L33/04
Filed: 1929-06-13
Abstract: 332,358. India Rubber, Gutta Percha, & Telegraph Works Co., Ltd., and Avery, W. L. June 13, 1929. Clips, band.-A band clip comprising two coils 1, 2 which are connected at their ends 5, 6 to a yoke 10 and at their junction 7 to a bolt 13, is tightened by means of a nut 14 which draws the end 7 of the bolt towards the bend 11 of the yoke. The nut 14 is reduced in diameter at 15 to enter a central hole in the yoke. The bolt may be withdrawn from the yoke through a transverse hole 17 which is of such a width as to allow the bolt to pass but not the reduced end of the nut.