baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent BR-0314877-A (BR)
Title: Derivados de benzo (e) (1,4)oxazino&(3,2-g) isoindol substituìdos, seu processo de preparação e composições farmacêuticas que os contêm
Inventor: COUDERT GERARD
IPC: C07D497/14
Filed: 2003-10-17
Abstract: "DERIVADOS DE BENZO (E) (1,4)OXAZINO&(3,2-G) ISOINDOL SUBSTITUìDOS, SEU PROCESSO DE PREPARAçãO E COMPOSIçõES FARMACêUTICAS QUE OS CONTêM". A presente invenção refere-se a compostos de fórmula (I), na qual: W~ 1~, representa com os átomos de carbono aos quais ele está ligado, um grupamento fenila ou um grupamento piridinila, Z representa um grupamento escolhido dentre o átomo de hidrogênio, halogênio, grupamento alquila (C~ 1~-C~ 6~), linear ou ramificado, arila, arilalquila (C~ 1~-C~ 6~), linear ou ramificado, arilóxi, arilalcóxi (C~ 1~-C~ 6~), linear ou ramificado, hidróxi, alcóxi (C~ 1~-C~ 6~), linear ou ramificado, R~ 1~, é tal como definido na descrição, R~ 2~ representa um átomo de hidrogênio ou um grupamento de fórmula -CH~ 2~CH~ 2~O-R~ 8~, R~ 3~, R~ 4~ representam, cada um, um átomo de hidrogênio, um grupamento alquila (C~ 1~-C~ 6~ ), linear ou ramificado, arila, arilalquila (C~ 1~-C~ 6~), linear ou ramificado, n representa um número inteiro compreendido entre 1 e 6 inclusive. Medicamentos.
Patent BR-0317022-A (BR)
Title: Composição de amÈnio quaternário
Inventor: CAVALCANTE CASSIO QUEIROZ
IPC: C11D1/835
Filed: 2003-11-26
Abstract: "COMPOSIçãO DE AMÈNIO QUATERNáRIO". A presente invenção refere-se a uma composição de amónio quaternário que consiste essencialmente em a) um composto catiónico com fórmula geral (I) em que R~ 1~ é C~ 8~-C~ 22~-alquila, C~ 8~-C~ 22~-alquenila, C~ 8~-C~ 22~-alquilamidopropila, C~ 8~-C~ 22~-alquenil-amidopropila, C~ 8~-C~ 22~-alquil/alquenil (poli) alcoxialquila, C~ 8~-C~ 22~-alcanoiletila ou C~ 8~-C~ 22~-alquenoiletila, R~ 2~, R~ 3~ e R~ 4~ são C~ 1~-C~ 22~-alquila, C~ 2~-C~ 22~-alquenila ou um grupo de fórmula -A-(OA)~ n~-OH, A é -C~ 2~H~ 4~- e/ou -C~ 3~H~ 6~-, n é um número de 0 a 20 e X é um ânion, b) água e c) um solvente não iónico de fórmula geral R-O-(AO)~ n~H, em que R é hidrogênio, alquila ou alquenila que contém 8 a 22 átomos de carbono ou fenila, A é C~ 2~H~ 4~- e/ou C~ 3~H~ 6~ e n é um número de 0 a 20, cuja composição é caracterizada pelo fato de que ela contém menos do que 20 % em peso de água.
Patent BR-8100243-A (BR)
Inventor: SCHAEFFER G
IPC: C07C51/377
Filed: 1981-01-16
Abstract: p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is prepared by reduction of p-hydroxymandelic acid with HI in the presence of red phosphorus. According to a preferred embodiment, the reaction is carried out in one vessel in which the mandelic acid is prepared in situ from phenol and glyoxylic acid.
Patent BR-8304255-A (BR)
Inventor: WATTIMENA FREDDY
IPC: C07C45/41
Filed: 1983-08-08
Abstract: Aldehydes are prepared by hydrogenating a compound of general formula R'COOR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or an acyl group, or a metal, and R' represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group having at most two alpha-hydrogen atoms, provided it has at most one beta-hydrogen atom, in case it has two alpha-hydrogen atoms, in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one metal selected from rare earth metals and iron on an alumina-based carrier.
Patent BR-8407303-A (BR)
Inventor: HEFNER ROBERT E JR
IPC: C08G59/50
Filed: 1984-10-25
Abstract: This invention pertains to a process for preparing vinyl ester resins containing triazine groups or both triazine and oxazoline groups prepared by reacting a polyepoxide with 0.75 to 1, preferably from 0.9 to 1, moles of a monounsaturated monocarboxylic acid or mixture of monounsaturated monocarboxylic acids per epoxide group in the presence of a suitable quantity of a suitable catalyst. The process is characterized in that the polyepoxide is (a) a polyepoxide containing triazine groups, or (b) a polyepoxide containing both triazine and oxazoline groups, or (c) a mixture of (a) and (b).
Patent BR-8501305-A (BR)
Inventor: CARLSSON LARS
IPC: B65D5/72
Filed: 1985-03-22
Abstract: Opening arrangements for packing containers often comprise a prepunched hole which is covered by a tear-off cover strip. To facilitate the pouring out of liquid contents a so-called pouring rim is frequently present too, that is to say a material strip which forms a projecting rim over which the contents can run. The application of the pouring rim as well as the manufacture of the opening arrangement as a whole are facilitated by joining in advance the pouring rim in a detachable manner to the cover strip, whereafter the cover strip and the pouring rim can be applied as a unit.
Patent BR-8600275-A (BR)
Inventor: VIET TOAI LE
IPC: H05B6/80
Filed: 1986-01-24
Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for heating foods oblong in shape. This apparatus comprises a reheating enclosure with a microwave source and an inclined preferably circular plate rotatably mounted substantially at its center on a drive shaft, in which said rotating plate comprises arranged uniformly around its periphery, at least two holders for foods perpendicular to the plane of the plate. This apparatus provides for the uniform distribution of heat throughout the treated food.
Patent BR-8701217-A (BR)
Inventor: CORMAN BLAINE GORDON
IPC: C10G65/08
Filed: 1987-03-17
Abstract: An improved method for producing a hydrotreated oil for use as a process oil from a naphthenic feed is described. The process comprises passing the naphthenic feed through a multistage hydrotreating process with removal of hydrogen sulfide and/or ammonia between hydrotreating stages.
Patent BR-8704764-A (BR)
Inventor: DWIVEDI RATNESH K
IPC: C04B41/87
Filed: 1987-09-15
Abstract: A method of producing self-supporting ceramic structures (12) comprising (i) a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product formed upon oxidation of a molten parent metal (14) with an oxidant, and (ii) interconnected porosity (13) at least partially accessible from one or more surfaces (15) of said ceramic body. A second polycrystalline ceramic material is incorporated into the porosity of said ceramic body to modify or contribute to its properties.
Patent BR-8903688-A (BR)
Inventor: NELSON JOHN C
IPC: B32B3/30
Filed: 1989-07-25
Abstract: The present invention provides a retroreflective material which has improved retroreflectivity at high angles of incidence. The retroreflective material comprises a transparent surface layer (40) and an array of reflecting elements (20), each of the reflecting elements (20) including a rectangular base (22) having a length L, two tetragonal faces (24,25) nearly perpendicular to each other and having a line (26) of intersection of length Y, the length Y being less than said length L, a triangular face (28) nearly perpendicular to the tetragonal faces; and a non-perpendicular triangular face (30) forming an angle Alpha with the plane perpendicular to the base, the angle Alpha being preferably about sin<-><1> (.25/n) to sin<-><1> (1/n), and more preferably about sin<-><1> (.35/n) to sin<-><1> (.9/n), where n is the refractive index of the reflecting elements (20), the perpendicular triangular face (28) and the tetragonal faces (24,25) defining an approximate cube corner therebetween and the non-perpendicular triangular face (30) and the tetragonal faces (24,25) forming a nonorthogonal corner therebetween, the reflecting elements arranged with their bases adjacent the surface layer (40).
Patent BR-9106839-A (BR)
Inventor: SVENDSEN ALLAN
IPC: C11D7/42
Filed: 1991-09-13
Abstract: Lipases comprising a trypsin-like catalytic triad including an active serine located in a predominantly hydrophobic, elongated binding pocket of the lipase molecule, which pocket forms part of and is surrounded by a lipid contact zone, are mutated by deletion or substitution of one or more amino acid residues in the lipid contact zone so as to change the electrostatic charge and/or hydrophobicity of the lipid contact zone or so as to change the surface conformation of the lipid contact zone of the lipases.
Patent BR-9202110-A (BR)
Inventor: MILLER MICHAEL B
IPC: A61B17/115
Filed: 1992-06-02
Abstract: A mechanism which is capable of anastomosis of two lumens by an absorbable fastener. The fastener is made from two washer-like plates (20,30). One such plate (30) has holes (34) to receive latching prongs (24) protruding from the other plate (20). Fastening is done through a single linear motion that causes the prongs (24) to pierce the tissue, latches the prongs (24) into a receiver (34) and causes a knife blade (40) to cut through excess fastener material and tissue. The ease of removal, by pulling the mechanism thorugh the formed anastomosis, is greatly enhanced. The system can be used such that the plates (20,30) can be placed in any configuration to properly anastomose tissue. <IMAGE>
Patent BR-9300761-A (BR)
Inventor: HEITSCH HOLGER DR
IPC: A61K31/4164
Filed: 1993-03-05
Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) <IMAGE>  in which     R<1> is, for example, ethyl,   R<2> is, for example, methyl,   n is, for example, zero,   R<3> is, for example, COOH and   R<4> is, for example, SO2NHCONHCH3 are highly active antagonists of angiotensin II receptors.
Patent BR-9304767-A (BR)
Inventor: EMMONS WILLIAM DAVID
IPC: C08F2/48
Filed: 1993-11-18
Abstract: A coating or impregnating composition containing an aqueous dispersion of a vinyl addition polymer and a reactive coalescent. The reactive coalescent contains at least one acetoacetate grouping, or an enamine thereof. In one embodiment the reactive coalescent also functions as an emulsion polymer crosslinker.
Patent BR-9307405-A (BR)
Inventor: SUNDBERG TORE
IPC: B42D15/10
Filed: 1993-11-09
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/SE93/00949 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 9, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 9, 1995 PCT Filed Nov. 9, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/11577 PCT Pub. Date May 26, 1994The invention relates to a method of producing visible, preferably transparent or translucent, continuous streaks and/or delimited fields in paper in conjunction with forming a paper web in a paper machine. The method is characterized by essentially preventing dewatering of paper stock/paper fibres on one or more surfaces of a wire in the forming unit of a paper machine in conjunction with forming a paper web in the machine, and by applying a special stock that contains fibres which differ from the other fibre material deposited on the wire, optionally together with an arbitrary filler and/or binder. The invention also relates to a valuable document, such as a banknote, produced from the aforedescribed paper.
Patent BR-9405209-A (BR)
Title: Derivados de 3-ariluracila e seu uso como herbicidas
Inventor: WENGER JEAN DR
IPC: C07D409/14
Filed: 1994-04-11
Abstract: Patente de Invenção:<B>"DERIVADOS DE 3-ARILURACILA E SEU USO COMO HERBICIDAS"<D>. Derivados de 3-ariluracila de fórmula I na qual W é um grupo da fórmula <sym>, na qual a ligação ao átomo de nitrogênio de anel é feita via o átomo de carbono; R~ 1~ é hidrogênio, C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila, C~ 1~-C~ 4~-haloalquila, C~ 3~- ou C~ 4~-alquenila ou C~ 3~- ou C~ 4~-alquinila; R~ 2~ é halogênio ou ciano; R~ 3~ é hidrogênio ou flúor; R~ 4~ é hidrogênio, nalogênio ou C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila; R~ 5~ é C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila ou C~ 1~-C~ 4~-haloalquila; R~ 6~ e R~ 7~ são, cada um, independentemente um do outro, hidrogênio, C~ 1~-C~ 8~-alquila, C~ 3~-C~ 6~-alquenila, C~ 3~-C~ 6~-alquinila, C~ 3~-C~ 8~-cicloalquila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-haloalquila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alcóxi-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquiltio-C~ 1~-C~6~-alquila, arila, aril-C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila, heteroarila ou heteroaril-C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila; ou R~ 6~ e R~ 7~, juntamente com o átomo de carbono ao qual eles estão ligados, formam um anel de 3, 4, 5 ou 6 membros, que não está substituído ou está mono- ou polissubstituído por C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila e que pode conter -O-, -S- ou -N(R~ 10~)- como heteroátomo; R~ 8~ é C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, ciano-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, nitro-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, C~ 3~-C~ 6~-alquenila, C~ 3~-C~ 6~-alquinila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-haloalquila, C~ 3~-C~ 6~-haloalquenila, C~ 3~-C~ 6~-cicloalquila, C~ 3~-C~ 6~-cicloalquil-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, arila, aril-C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila, heteroarila, heteroaril-C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila-carbonil-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alcóxi-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alcóxi-carbonil-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, C~ 3~-C~ 6~-alquenilóxi-carbonil-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquiltio-C~ 1~-C~ 6~-alquila, C~ 1~-C~ 6~-dialquilamino-C~ 2~-C~ 6~-alquila, oxetanila ou C~ 1~-C~ 6~-isoalquilidenoaminoóxi-C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila; R~ 9~ é C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila, C~ 3~- ou C~ 4~-alquenila ou C~ 3~- ou C~ 4~- alquinila; e R~ 10~ é hidrogênio ou C~ 1~-C~ 4~-alquila; e, quando R~ 1~ for hidrogênio, os sais agroquimicamente aceitáveis de compostos de fórmula I, são adequados como ingredientes ativos em composições de controle de ervas daninhas.
Patent BR-9504929-A (BR)
Inventor: EDELMANN PETER
IPC: B60K11/02
Filed: 1995-11-09
Abstract: The present invention involves a drive unit, specifically a drive unit for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine, a cooling system with fan and a hydrodynamic retarder with a stator, rotor and housing. The retarder is located within a space bounded on one side by the front of the crankcase, on a second side by the fan shaft which runs parallel to the engine shaft, and on a third side by the rear edge of the fan wheel. Viewed from the front, the retarder is substantially located within the fly circle of the fan wheel whereby the air flow generated by the fan wheel removes heat, generated by braking actions, from the housing of the retarder. The retarder housing comprises a bell and a cover body. The cover body defines a chamber having two outlets and an inlet. The chamber being in fluid communication with the working space of the retarder.
Patent BR-9509181-A (BR)
Inventor: HOGGE JOHN C
IPC: G06Q10/06
Filed: 1995-09-18
Abstract: A planning coordination system (30) and method are provided that automatically coordinate a planning system (32) associated with a first factory (28) with separate planning systems (16, 24, 40) of a plurality of factories (12, 20, 36) in a manufacturing chain. The planning coordination system (30) communicates with the planning system (32) of the first factory (28) and communicates with separate planning coordination systems (14, 38) of the other factories (12, 36) with which the first factory (28) has demand and supply part relationships. The planning coordination system (30) receives and processes demands and responses communicated by the planning coordination systems (14, 38) of the other factories (12, 36). The planning coordination system (30) provides planning information to the planning system (32) of the first factory (28) and obtains information about products to be produced and parts needed from an output plan (34) of that planning system (32). The planning coordination system (30) communicates responses to the planning coordination system (14) of each factory (12) from which a demand was received in order to provide supply part information and communicates a demand to the planning coordination system (38) of each factory (36) from which parts are needed in order to provide demand part information. The planning coordination system (30) repeats receiving, processing, providing, obtaining and communicating such that the planning system (32) of the first factory (30) can adjust the output plan (34) responsive to the demands and responses communicated between the first factory (28) and the other factories (12, 36).
Patent BR-9612191-A (BR)
Inventor: BEMIS GUY W
IPC: A61P21/00
Filed: 1996-12-20
Abstract: The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are inhibitors of interleukin-1  beta  converting enzyme. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting ICE activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against interleukin-1 and apoptosis-mediated diseases, including inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, proliferative, infectious, and degenerative diseases. This invention also relates to methods for inhibiting ICE activity and methods for treating interleukin-1 mediated diseases using the compounds and compositions of this invention.
Patent BR-9704479-A (BR)
Inventor: RUCH THOMAS
IPC: C07D487/04
Filed: 1997-08-21
Abstract: The  beta -modification of unsubstituted 1,4-di-keto-3,6-diphenyl-pyrroloÄ3,4-cÜpyrrole of formula (I), with the specified lines in its x-ray diffraction diagram, is new: The relative intensity at various values for the lattice spacing (d value in Angstrom ) / double reflection angle (2θ ) are 100% at 13.8817/6.362; 24% at 4.9411/17.938, 25% at 4.6743/18.971;21% at 4.5976/19.290; 11% at 4.4193/20.076; 35% at 3.3932/26.242; 33% at 3.3195/26.836; and 12% at 3.0419/29.337.
Patent BR-9711690-A (BR)
Inventor: SHEVADE MAKARAND
IPC: A61K8/92
Filed: 1997-09-04
Abstract: Disclosed is a non-aqueous composition for reducing body malodor, containing an antiperspirant active material, volatile silicone material, non-volatile emollient material (e.g., non-volatile silicone emollient material), and a thickening agent, the thickening agent including a gelling agent which is a solid plasticizer. Illustrative gelling agents are hydroxy polyester and polydimethylsiloxanyl beeswax. Other beeswax derivatives whose free fatty acids have been reacted with silicone materials can also be used as the gelling agent for compositions of the present invention. The compositions of the present invention can be formulated as antiperspirant creams by incorporating appropriate amounts of antiperspirant active material and thickening agent in the composition, and can be used to reduce axillary perspiration. Compositions of the present invention have good rheological and viscoelastic properties.
Patent BR-9712012-A (BR)
Inventor: VAKHARIA VIKRAM N
IPC: C12P21/02
Filed: 1997-07-31
Abstract: A system for the generation of live Birnavirus such as infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a segmented double-stranded (ds)RNA virus of the  Birnavirdae  family, using synthetic transcripts derived from cloned DNA has been developed. Independent full-length cDMA clones were constructed which contained the entire coding and noncoding regions of RNA segments A and B of IBDV, respectively. Synthetic RNAs of both segments were produced by  in viro  transcription of linearized plasmids with T7 RNA polymerase. Transfection of Vero cells with combined plus-sense transcripts of both segments generated infectious virus as early as 36 hours post-transfection. The development of a reverse genetics system for dsRNA viruses will greatly facilitate studies of the regulation of viral gene expression pathogenesis, and design of a new generation of live and inactivated vaccines.
Patent BR-9712493-A (BR)
Title: Sistema e método para distribuir publicações periódicas para computadores externos acessando redes de computador de área ampla
Inventor: SIMMONS C THOMAS
IPC: G06Q30/02
Filed: 1997-09-15
Abstract: Patente de Invenção: <B>"SISTEMA E MéTODO PARA DISTRIBUIR PUBLICAçõES PERIóDICAS PARA COMPUTADORES EXTERNOS ACESSANDO REDES DE COMPUTADORES DE áREA AMPLA"<D>. Trata-se de um sistema de acesso à rede (105) que é proporcionado para distribuir informações periódicasm tal como publicidade, para computadores externos (103) acessando uma rede de computadores de área ampla (100). O sistema de acesso à rede (105) conecta os computadores externos (103) com a rede de computadores de área ampla (100) e envia informações periódicas com a informação sendo transmitida dos servidores de informação remotos (101) dentro da rede de computadores de área ampla (100) para os computadores externos (103). Um servidor de informação periódica (201) dentro do sistema de acesso à rede (105) armazena uma pluralidade de informações periódicas a serem transmitidas para os computadores externos (103), determina se enviar uma informação periódica com a informação sendo transmitida, determina quais informações periódicas transmitir para os computadores externos (103) e envia a informação periódica com a informação sendo transmitida dos servidores de informação remotos (101) para os computadores externos (103). Durante a recepção de uma informação periódica, os computadores externos (103) podem exibir as informações periódicas como parte da informação recebida, podem exibir as informações periódicas antes de permitir ao usuário ver a informação recebida, ou podem exibir as informações periódicas como parte de uma janela separada.
Patent BR-9712694-A (BR)
Inventor: BODOLAY WILLIAM A
IPC: A44B19/16
Filed: 1997-06-20
Abstract: An improved, tamper-evident container (10) having a reclosable zipper-type fastener (12) useful for providing access to the interior of the container (10) is disclosed. The reclosable fastener (12) is characterised by a pair of mating sealing strips (14,16) wherein each one of the pair is attached to a common surface of the container (10). The container (10) is further characterised by the provision of a security seal to provide a tramper-evident closure for the container (10) until it is initially opened. <IMAGE>
Patent BR-9713262-A (BR)
Title: Produção de herbicidas de piridazina
Inventor: FURUKAVA TAKASHI
IPC: C07D237/14
Filed: 1997-10-16
Abstract: Patente de Invenção: <B>"PRODUçãO DE HERBICIDAS DE PIRIDAZINA"<D>. ácidos carboxílicos da fórmula (1): em que R^ 2^ e R^ 3^ são independentemente hidrogênio ou C1-C3 alquila, e Q é opcionalmente fenila substituída, podem ser facilmente convertidos através de fechamento de anel em derivados de piridazin-3-ona da fórmula (7): Os ácidos carboxílicos da fórmula (1) podem ser produzidos através da reação de compostos de hidrazona da fórmula (5): em que R^ 3^ e Q são conforme definido acima, com derivados de ácido malónico da fórmula (6): R^ 2^CH(COOH)~ 2~ em que R^ 2^ é conforme definido acima, na presença de uma base.
Patent BR-9806123-A (BR)
Title: Soluções condicionantes para cuidado de lente de contato dura
Inventor: ASGHARIAN BAHRAM
IPC: C11D3/22
Filed: 1998-07-17
Abstract: Patente de Invenção:<B>"SOLUçõES CONDICIONANTES PARA CUIDADO DE LENTE DE CONTATO DURA"<D>. São descritas soluções para cuidar de lentes de contato para o tratamento de lentes de contato duras. As composição são úteis para enxág³e, limpeza, desinfecção de armazenagem de lentes de contato durass. As composição contêm um único sistema gelificante envolvendo polissacarídeos de galactomananas e boratos para permitir o condicionamento da lente quando esta é colocada no olho do usuário. São também descritos os métodos de uso destas composições.
Patent BR-9810034-A (BR)
Title: Folha retrorrefletora autoemissora de luz, e, processo para produção de uma folha autoemissora de luz
Inventor: ARAKI YOSHINORI
IPC: G02B5/128
Filed: 1998-06-15
Abstract: "FOLHA RETRORREFLETORA AUTOEMISSORA DE LUZ, E PROCESSO PARA PRODUçãO DE UMA FOLHA AUTOEMISSORA DE LUZ" A presente invenção proporciona uma folha retrorrefletora autoemissora de luz incluindo um elemento retrorrefletor transmissor  de luz incluindo uma pluralidade de projeções prismáticas, e um filme de revestimento interno, e um dispositivo eletroluminescente. O filme de revestimento interno inclui um filme transmissor de luz que possui projeções de selagem sobre uma de suas superfícies de modo que as projeções prismáticas fiquem confinadas dentro de uma pluralidade de células seladas formadas pelas projeções de selagem. Nas células seladas, uma superfície das projeções prismáticas faz interface com o ar de maneira a aumentar a luminância emissora de luz e melhorar sua uniformidade.