Patent GB-989252-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to water-dispersible drying oil compositions
IPC: C08G63/668
Filed: 1962-01-09
Abstract: The invention comprises a water-dispersible liquid condensate of (a) 75-90% by weight of a drying oil ester of an unsaturated fatty acid of 14 to 20 carbon atoms and a polyhydric alkanol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and having 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups, and (b) 10-25% by weight of a polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 400-2000 (see also Division C3).  Minor proportions of polypropylene glycol may also be added.  A coupling agent is preferably added to the composition in order to increase the solubility of the reaction product in water e.g. in amounts up to 30% by weight of the condensate. Examples are ethers, alcohols, and esters, preferably ethylene glycol ethers.  The drying oil component and polyethylene glycol may be reacted at 150-250 DEG C., in the presence, or absence of, a catalyst, those specified being alkali metal earths, heavy metal oxides, and heavy metal salts, the preferred ones being litharge and stannic chloride.  The reaction product has a viscosity up to about 100 poise.  The unsaturated drying oil acid may be prereacted with up to 20% by weight of either a polyolefin, polycarboxylic acid, or a polyhydric alcohol, which may contain olefinic unsaturation.  The drying oil esters may be synthetic polyhydric alcohol esters of non-conjugated and conjugated unsaturated fatty acids, as well as natural oils, those specified being soybean oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, tung oil, China-wood oil, oiticia oil, walnut oil, poppyseed oil, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, and linoleic acid. The specified alcohols are glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, pentaerythritol, trimethylol propane, trimethylol ethane and 1,3,6-hexane triol, glycerol being preferred, which may be in admixture with ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and dipentaerythritol. The compositions may contain pigments and other additives, those specified being titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, phthalocyanine blue, lead chromate yellow, molybdate orange, iron oxide red, talc, clay, and mica.  They may be used as coating compositions, or as concentrates to be added to paint bases such as styrene-butadiene copolymer polyvinyl acetate or acrylic resin exterior emulsion paints, oil-modified alkyd paints, and linseed oil paints. The examples, among others, describe the preparation of: (a) the condensate of linseed oil, which has been previously treated with pentaerythritol, and polyethylene glycol 600.ALSO:The invention comprises a water-dispersible liquid condensate of (a) 75-90% by weight of a drying oil ester of an unsaturated fatty acid of 14 to 20 carbon atoms and a polyhydric alkanol of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and having 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups, and (b) 10 to 25% by weight of a polyethylene glycol of molecular weight from 400-2000 (see also Division C2).  The alcohol is preferably glycerol.  Minor proportions of polypropylene glycols may also be added.  A coupling agent is preferably added to the composition in order to increase the solubility of the reaction product in water e.g. in amounts up to 30% by weight of the condensate. Examples are ethers, alcohols, and esters, preferably ethylene glycol ethers.  The drying oil component and polyethylene glycol may be reacted at 10-250 DEG  C., in the presence or absence of a transesterification catalyst, those specified being alkali metal earths, heavy metal oxides, and heavy metal salts, the preferred ones being litharge and stannic chloride. The reaction product has a viscosity of up to about 100 poise.  The unsaturated drying oil acid may be pre-reacted with up to 20% by weight of either a polyolefin, polycarboxylic acid, or a polyhydric alcohol, which may contain olefinic unsaturation.  The drying oil esters may be synthetic polyhydric alcohol esters of nonconjugated and conjugated unsaturated fatty acids as well as natural oils, those specified being soybean oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, tung oil, perilla oil, China-wood oil, oiticica oil, walnut oil, poppyseed oil, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, and linoleic acid.  The specified alcohols are glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, 1,3,6-hexanetriol, which may be in admixture with ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and dipentaerythritol. The compositions may contain pigments and other additives, those specified being titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, phthalocyanine blue, lead chromate yellow, molybdate orange, iron oxide red, talc, clay, and mica. They may be used as coating compositions, or as concentrates to be added to paint bases such as styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyvinylacetate or acrylic resin emulsion paints, oil-modified alkyd paints, and linseed oil paints. The examples describe the preparation of: (1) the condensate of heat polymerized linseed oil and polyethylene glycol 1000 using lead oxide as catalyst, which is then thinned by various amounts of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; (2) the condensation product of heat polymerized soybean oil and polyethylene glycol 1000 using stannic chloride as catalyst, which is then thinned with ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and water; (3) the condensate of linseed oil, which has been prior treated with pentaerythritol, and polyethylene glycol 1000; (4) the condensate of soybean oil which has been previously treated with pentaerythritol, followed by polymerization and polyethylene glycol 1000 in the presence of stannic chloride; (5) the condensate of the copolymer of linseed oil and dicyclopentadiene and polyethylene glycol 1000; (6) the condensate of linseed oil, which has previously been treated with pentaerythritol and isophthalic acid, and polyethylene glycol 1000; (17) the condensate of the modified linseed oil in (3) with polyethylene glycol 1000 and polyethylene glycol 600; (8) the condensate of the modified linseed oil of (3) with polyethylene glycol 1500; (19) the condensate of the modified linseed oil of (3) with polyethylene glycol 600; (10) and (11) the condensate of modified linseed oil of (3) with polyethylene glycol 1000, followed by dilution with ethylene glycol monobutyl ether.  The resulting mixture is made into a paint by mixing with titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and talc.ALSO:An unsaturated fatty acid having 14-20 C atoms is reacted with glycerol to give a drying oil ester.  75-90% of this ester is condensed with 10-25% of a polyethylene glycol to form a water-dispersible composition. The ester may be prior reacted with 5-20% of a polyhydric alcohol, a polycarboxylic acid or its anhydride, a polyolefin or a mixture of two or more thereof.