baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-615880-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to silver halide photographic emulsions
IPC: G03C1/35
Filed: 1946-08-20
Abstract: 615,880. Photographic silver chloride emulsions. KENDALL, J. D., and FRY, D. J. Aug. 20, 1946, No. 24736. [Class 98 (ii)] A 3-alkyl-isoquinoline such as the 3-methyl, -ethyl, -propyl, -isopropyl or -isobutyl derivative, or a mineral acid salt of the same is included in a silver chloride photographic emulsion, during its manufacture, as a blueblack agent. An example describes addition of an alcoholic solution of 3-methyl-isoquinoline to a gelatine silver chloride emulsion of the gaslight type, the coating of this on paper, exposure and development with a metolhydroquinone developer. The silver chloride emulsion may contain a small proportion of other silver halide.
Patent GB-171218-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to means for regulating alternating current circuits
IPC: H01F29/14
Filed: 1920-08-26
Abstract: 171,218. Igranic Electric Co., Ltd., (Cutler-Hammer Manufacturing Co.). Aug. 26, 1920. Regulating transformers; polyphase transformers.-In a transformer for regulating alternating- current circuits, the mutual inductance of the primary and secondary windings is varied by independently magnetizing a shunt core which forms a closed iron circuit with the core of the primary winding. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the transformer acts as a variable inductance, the circuit l, l<1> to be regulated being connected to the primary winding 1 while the secondary winding 2 is short-circuited through a resistance r. The core 6 is provided with intermediate members 9, 10 forming magnetic shunts to the magnetic circuit of the coils 1, 2. The permeability of the shunts is varied by mounting on them coils 4, 5 excited from a direct-current source l<2>, l' through an adjustable resistance R. The core members 9, 10 are connected by cross members 11, 12 to form a closed magnetic circuit for the exciting coils independent of the main magnetic circuit of the transformer. A short-circuited secondary winding 3 embraces both core members 9, 10. The coils 4, 5 are arranged to have opposite polarities, in order to prevent the induction of alternating currents in the control circuit by the primary winding 1. The secondary windings 2, 3 have a demagnetizing action on the winding 1, the amount of which is controlled by means of the adjustable resistance R. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the circuit to be controlled is connected to the secondary winding 2, the winding 3 being omitted. The mutual inductances of the primary and secondary windings 1, 2 is varied by varying the permeability of the shunts 9, 10. The application of the invention to a shell type transformer is shown in Fig. 3. The primary and secondary windings 1, 2 are mounted on the common core member 14 as shown, and the exciting coils 4, 5 are wound on shunt members 15, 16 of smaller cross-sectional area. A polyphase transformer with primary windings 1<a> - - 1<c>, and secondary windings 2<a> - - 2<c> is shown in Fig. 4. The core is provided with a Y-shaped member 24 forming a magnetic shunt, the permeability of which is varied by means of an exciting coil 17 on a member 23 arranged as shown. The apparatus may be used as an ordinary transformer by connecting the circuit to be controlled to the secondary windings, or it may serve simply as a variable inductance by connecting the controlled circuit to the primary windings 1<a> - - 1<c>, short-circuiting the secondary windings 2<a> - - 2<c> through a resistance, and providing additional short-circuited secondary windings 3<a> - - 3<c> on the shunt 24.
Patent GB-800396-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the treatment of iron and steel
IPC: C21D8/00
Filed: 1956-08-14
Abstract: Annealed or temper rolled low and medium carbon steels containing up to 0.65 per cent carbon are subjected, as a cathode, to a direct current while submerged in an aqueous electrolyte which hydrolyses to provide hydrogen ions which are introduced into the body of the metal.  The electrolyte may be an aqueous solution containing more than 0.5 per cent sulphuric acid and may also contain a catalytic poisoning agent, e.g. arsenious oxide or hydrogen sulphide, or the metal may be given a film of phosphorus deposited from a solution of phosphorus in carbon disulphide. The treatment is stated to suppress the yield point and increase the time of ageing of the metal.
Patent GB-279236-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for dyeing hanks
IPC: D06B3/08
Filed: 1926-10-08
Abstract: 279,236. Gerber, W. Oct. 8, 1926. Hank type; spraying travelling materials.-In dyeing hanks supported on rotary carriers b which may be eccentrically mounted over the trough p, spray pipes h, i delivering first the dye and then the washing fluid are arranged above and within the hanks, being mounted on the frames d carry. ing the carriers b, which frames are lifted or lowered on the framework f by hydraulic or similar means. In the upper position of the frames the hank-carriers b are loaded and unloaded; in the lower position, the drive n, o for the carriers b is engaged, and the spray-pipe k connects with the liquid supply m. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 23490/00 [Class 120, Spinning], 10255/03, 196,020, and 268,035.
Patent GB-156897-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to glass roofs, skylights and the like
IPC: E04D3/08
Filed: 1919-10-13
Abstract: 156,897. Aiolfi, C. Oct. 13, 1919. Glazing.-Frames for skylights are of U-shape and the panes are held to them by means of archshaped plates secured by bolts which have a resilient connection to the frame. The bolt head may be held by double spring plates 12 held by projections 11 in the frame, or by a single spring plate 12 held by projections in the bottom of the frame or by a single resilient flat plate held in grooves in the sides of the frame. The joint is rendered watertight by the insertion of packing between the edges of the frame and the glass between the arch shaped plate and the glass.
Patent GB-636500-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for producing pipes
IPC: B28B21/48
Filed: 1947-09-12
Abstract: 636,500. Machine for making cementitious &c. pipes. FERLA, J. Sept. 12, 1947, No. 25037. [Class 99(ii)] Cementitious or like material is applied to a mandrel 23 and is compressed by calendering rolls 32 mounted for swinging movement towards or from the mandrel. A screen 4 transfers a wet layer of the material from a vat 1 to a fabric-covered roller 6, the thickness of the layer being determined by a scraper 5: an agitator 5<SP>1</SP> spreads the material lengthwise of the vat. The roller 6 transfers the material to the mandrel, excess moisture being sucked through perforations in the roller into a trough 14. After the material is transferred, the fabric covering on the roller 6 is cleaned by a water spray 17, surplus water being removed by a roller 19; a housing 18 for the spray and roller is connected to suction. The mandrel is moved through the machine by endless chains 24 the upper runs of which are supported on tracks carried by rods 28 vertically adjustable in guides 29. The rolls 32 are supported on pivoted arms 33, raised and lowered by a hydraulic device 36, and are moistened by rollers 42. A substantially dry asbestos and cement mixture is fed to the rolls from hoppers 58, 59 having a mixer 61 and a shaker 62 respectively. The feed is regulated by brushes 63. A hopper 72 discharges cement over the mandrel to impart a finish to the pipe. In a modification, the roller 6 and the screen 4 are separated or the latter dispensed with whereby the layers will be formed on the rolls 32 and transferred on to the mandrel. U.S.A. Specification 2,283,921 is referred to.
Patent GB-150553-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gaiters, leggings, and the like
IPC: A41D17/02
Filed: 1919-10-13
Abstract: 150,553. Granvill, A. J. Wreford-. Oct. 13, 1919. Leggings and patters.-The leggings of the kind fastened to the bottom of the trousers by a clip, and which do not necesitate folding or creasing the trousers, two stays b are provided of vulcanite, steel or other materials, the clips c being attached to the bottom of the stays so as to be covered by the bottom of the legging.
Patent GB-1469600-A (GB)
Title: Double-wall facade element in buildings having an overpressure ventilating or air conditioning installation
IPC: E04B2/90
Filed: 1975-06-11
Abstract: 1469600 Ventilating buildings ELEKTROWATT AG 11 June 1975 [12 June 1974] 25089/75 Heading F4V [Also in Division E1] A facade element 12 forming an external cavity wall of a building operating with an excess pressure ventilating or air conditioning installation comprises inner and outer wall skins 13, 14 defining a cavity 15. The cavity 15 is in communication with a passageway 24, adjacent one horizontal edge conveying exhausted air from the building and is in communication with the outside via a passageway 25 adjacent the other horizontal edge. The passage 24 has a flow cross-section smaller than that of the cavity 15 but larger than that of the passage 25 so that pressure may be maintained in the cavity 15 above that of atmosphere so as to reduce condensation in the panel. Flexible strip having perforations (not shown) may partially close the passage 25 to act as a variable throttle on the opening and reduce backsurge due to gusting. Channels 29, 30 act to further throttle the flow in the cavity 15 in a predetermined manner. The facade elements may be fixed to floors 10, 11 of a building structure to form a curtain wall. A triple glazed window panel may be incorporated with one of the cavities ventilated and incorporating a venetian blind.
Patent GB-338522-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to spring seats
IPC: A47C7/16
Filed: 1929-08-19
Abstract: 338,522. Schultes, P. Aug. 19, 1929. Spring surfaces. - Surfaces for seats or seat backs consist of transverse laths a mounted in trough-shaped bends formed in steel bands b. The lath g forming the front edge of the seat may be fixed or detachably mounted on or hinged to, or resiliently supported on the front strut h of the seat or the latter may be hinged to the floor. Alternatively a cantilever spring l, Fig. 6, pivoted at its rear end, may be used to support the front of the seat. Hinges may be provided in the steel bands at the juncture of the seat and back surfaces to facilitate folding.
Patent GB-951401-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of etherified amino formaldehyde-resins
IPC: C08G12/00
Filed: 1959-07-23
Abstract: Etherified methylol derivatives of amide compounds of carbonic acid are continuously produced by a process wherein a methylol compound, obtained by introducing continuously into an evaporator a solution of the methylol compound in water formed by reacting an amide compound of carbonic acid with formaldehyde and evaporating the water by heating for not more than 60 seconds to a temperature above the melting point of the methylol compound, is withdrawn continuously in molten state from the evaporator and added immediately to a weakly acid etherification medium containing an aliphatic alcohol having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms whereupon after completion of the etherification reaction by heating the medium for up to one hour the water present in the reaction mixture is distilled off as an azeotropic mixture with the alcohol contained in the etherification medium. "Amide compound of carbonic acid" is defined as a compound containing NH2 groups which upon complete hydrolysis yields carbonic acid and ammonia, such as urea, thiourea and melamine.  Alcohols specified are butanol, isobutanol and amyl alcohol.  In the preferred embodiments of the invention the evaporators are thin-film evaporators.  In the Provisional Specification guanidine is also specified as an amide compound of carbonic acid which may be used. Specification 801,404 is referred to.ALSO:Etherified amino-resins are continuously produced by a process wherein a methylol compound, obtained by introducing continuously into an evaporator a solution of the methylol compound in water formed by reacting an amide compound of carbonic acid with formaldehyde and evaporating the water by heating for not more than 60 seconds to a temperature above the melting point of the methylol compound, is withdrawn continuously in molten state from the evaporator and added immediately to a weakly acid etherification medium containing an aliphatic alcohol having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms whereupon after completion of the etherification reaction by heating the medium for up to one hour the water present in the reaction mixture is distilled off as an azeotropic mixture with the alcohol contained in the etherification medium.  "Amide compound of carbonic acid" is defined as a compound containing NH2 groups which upon complete hydrolysis yields carbonic acid and ammonia, such as urea, thiourea and melamine. Alcohols specified are butanol, isobutanol and amyl alcohol.  In the preferred embodiments of the invention the evaporators used are thin-film evaporators.  In examples it is stated that the products may be mixed with alkyd resins to give coating compositions.  In the Provisional Specification guanidine is also specified as an amide compound of carbonic acid which may be used.  Specification 801,404 is referred to.
Patent GB-487400-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for generating and regulating pressure gas from chemical reactions
IPC: B01J7/00
Filed: 1936-09-18
Abstract: <PICT:0487400/IV/1> A device for generating gases at predetermined pressure by chemical reactions for operating machines and apparatus comprises a non-explosive reaction substance compressed into compact form, the gas production of such substance being caused to take place according to a time-pressure diagram corresponding to a time-pressure diagram of energy consumption of the particular machine or apparatus with which the device is intended to be used, this result being ensured by regulating or controlling (a) the rate of reaction of the substance, (b) the form or shape into which such substance is compressed and its arrangement within a container, (c) the form of the container, and (d) the arrangement of the device for initiating the reaction at a predetermined point of the reaction substance, whilst (e) the pre-determined propagation of the reaction through the substance is ensured by the manner in which the substance is surrounded by the container and also (if desired) by the use of inner members such as partitions, hollow spaces or distance pieces.  Fig. 12 shows a device in which the reacting substances a1, a2, a3 may consist of a carbonate, a mixture of a carbonate with a bicarbonate and a mixture of a carbonate with a solid acid, such as oxalic acid, enclosed in a cartridge or casing and subject to the action of dilute sulphuric acid from a container A.  A chamber D receives liquid and residues of reaction and is provided with an outlet pipe E for pressure gas connected by a pipe C to the acid container A.
Patent GB-1434098-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of 3-nitro-4-aminotoluene
IPC: C07C67/00
Filed: 1973-05-30
Abstract: 1434098 Preparation of 3-nitro-4-aminotoluene HOECHST AG 30 May 1973 [31 May 1972] 25656/73 Heading C2C A process for the production of 3-nitro-4- amino-toluene comprises reacting p-acetylamino-toluene in an inert organic solvent with an acid mixture consisting of (i) from 5 to 15% by weight of 100% sulphuric acid, the balance of the mixture being: (ii) nitric acid, which may contain up to 2% by weight of water, the quantity of the acid mixture used being such that molar ratio of the p-acetylaminc-toluene to the nitric acid having the above water content, is in the range of from 1 : 2À2 to 1 : 2À3; and connecting the 3-nitro-4-acetylamino-toluene obtained into 3 - nitro - 4 - amino - toluene. Generally the nitration reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 18‹ to 45‹ C. and at a pressure of from 300 mm. mercury to normal pressure. Especially suitable organic solvents are monofluorotrichloromethane and methylene chloride or mixtures thereof.
Patent GB-741354-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to arrangements for electron-optical projection of a photo-electric cathode image
IPC: H01J29/66
Filed: 1951-11-02
Abstract: 741,354. Electron lenses. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Nov. 2, 1951 [Nov. 6, 1950], No. 25676/51. Class 39 (1). An image converter has, in addition to the " depicting coil " 10 in the region of the photocathode 2, a further " control coil " 11 adjacent coil 10 and overlapping its field; by conjoint inverse control of the currents through coils 10 and 11 the magnification of the image on target 3 may be varied while maintaining the focus. The rotation of the image field may be corrected by a third coil in the region away from the lens field of anode 6; or, since it is found to be an inverse linear function of the magnification the tube may be mounted on rollers so as to be rotatable bodily by a friction disc on the common control shaft of the rheostats which vary the coil currents, Fig. 3 (not shown). Target 3 may be a luminescent screen or the storage electrode of a television pick-up tube. The coils are mounted within a shell 13 with end flanges 14, 15. In a modification the depicting coil 35, Fig. 5, and the control coil 36 are of tapered section and interfitted as shown.
Patent GB-507390-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rims for the wheels of motor vehicles
IPC: B60B25/18
Filed: 1938-09-02
Abstract: 507,390. Vehicle wheels. GIANETTI DEI FRATELLI GIANETTI, G., and GIANETTI, G. Sept. 2, 1938, No. 25707. [Class 144 (ii)] The detachable side-flange 5 is secured on the rim-base 2 by a helical locking-ring 4 having a non-circular cross-section of which the Figures show typical forms. The ends of the ring may be connected by interengagement, or by means of a short helical nipple.
Patent GB-1427614-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for the deodorization of exhaust gases
IPC: B01D47/06
Filed: 1973-05-30
Abstract: 1427614 Treating waste gases VAR SA 30 May 1973 [8 Aug 1972] 25719/73 Heading C1A [Also in Division B1] Exhaust gases, e.g. from sewage and sludge treatment plants, chemical and other installations, are deodorized by first treating with humid air saturated with ozone and further oxidizing by fine particles of water enriched with ozone. The gases may contain H 2 S, SO 2 , methane, acetylene, mercaptans, amines and phenols. In the apparatus shown, ozone is passed through pipes 1 and injector mixers 2 into water in container 3. Excess ozone rises into the space 7 forming moist ozone-saturated air which is pumped through pipes 8 and 10 to diffusers 11 in the exhaust gas supply channel 12 for the first oxidation step. The ozone-rich water from container 3 is pumped through pipes 14 and 17 to atomizers 18 in the counterflow reaction tower 19 where the partly purified gases from the channel 12 and separator 21 receive further oxidation. The odour-free gases leave the top of the tower through duct 24 after passing through a drop separation device 23 from which water is recirculated to the tower. Ultrasound vibrators (not shown) in the tower ensure fine atomization of the water. The partition 31 in the lower duct 30 is normally shut but may be opened to allow the gases to receive only the first oxidation step. Condensate collecting at the bottom of the tower and at the bottom of vent 25 is siphoned off through pipes 33 and 35. A measuring device 37 measures the quantity of exhaust gases passing through the supply channel and another device 27 measures the residual ozone in the treated gases sucked in by fan 28 from the vent 25. These measurements are used to control the production rate of the ozone.
Patent GB-443843-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of photographic gelatine emulsions
IPC: G03C1/34
Filed: 1934-09-07
Abstract: 443,843. Photographic emulsions. GROVES, W. W., 30, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London.-(I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges. ; Frankfort-on-Main, Germany) Sept. 7, 1934, No. 25770. [Class 98 (ii)] A substance promoting ripening and a compound of the purine series containing a hydrogen atom replaceable by silver attached to a nitrogen atom and acting as a fog-retarding agent are incorporated in a photographic silver halide gelatine emulsion or in the gelatine from which it is to be made. The substances promoting ripening may be sodium tetrathionate or sodium trithionate. Hydrazine and the substances referred to in Specifications 235,209, 235,210, 235,211, 246,800, 255,846, 258,237, 259,538, 259,926, 283,222, and 283,223, [all in Class 98 (ii)], are also referred to. The compounds of the purine series may be guanine or adenine. One quantity of gelatine may be treated with the ripening-promoting substance and a second quantity with the fog-retarding substance, and the gelatines used as required.
Patent GB-169379-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the construction of bead anchorages for pneumatic tire casings
IPC: B60C15/00
Filed: 1920-09-07
Abstract: 169,379. Marks, E. C. R., (Fisk Rubber Co.). Sept. 7, 1920. Tyre attachments to rims.-The beaded edge of a tyre cover is formed of a number of wires, cords, or cables round which the fabric foundation of the cover is wrapped. The fabric 10, Fig. 2, is wrapped, at its edges around the anchor wires 12 and secured by rubber solution. A strip 16 may be fastened over the edge of the fabric 10. The wires 12 may be arranged in staggered formation as shown. Preferably, the wires adjacent to the inside edge of the head have more layers of fabric around them than those at the outside. The space between the wires may be filled with rubber which may be vulcanized with the tyre. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 illustrate modified arrangements. The invention may be applied to other types of bead than that illustrated.
Patent GB-422229-A (GB)
Title: A case or holder for milk bottles or other receptacles
IPC: B65D85/30
Filed: 1933-09-18
Abstract: 422,229. Cases for milk bottles &c. DESSAR, J., 5, Museum Street, London. Sept. 18, 1933, No. 25798. [Class 18] A case or holder for milk bottles &c. comprises a body portion a, a screw cap b and a pad c secured within the cap so as to engage the mouth of the bottle d to prevent escape of the contents. The pad c, which may be of rubber with a covering of thin sheet metal or fabric, may be secured in the cap b by indenting the cap as at e.
Patent GB-300361-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hoods for motor vehicles
IPC: B60J7/06
Filed: 1927-09-30
Abstract: 300,361. Backer, H., Watts, G. F., and Watts, A. W. Sept. 30, 1927. Hoods. - In hoods having hoop - sticks arranged to run on cant rails by means of racks the webs of the rails are formed as racks in which gears connected to one or more of the hoop-sticks are engaged. The rails 10 are provided in the web with a series of apertures 14 to form a rack. This rack is engaged by sprocket wheels 19 mounted on vertical spindles 18 one at each end of the rear hoop stick 11b. The spindles are coupled by means of a shaft 17 provided with a squared end exteriorly of the vehicle to accommodate a cranked handle for operating the sprockets. The front hoop sticks 11a are provided with a transverse shaft 21 having gears 27, Fig. 7, at each end adapted to engage gears 28 to operate sprockets 29 adapted to engage the racks on the rails. The shaft 21 is operated by a cranked handle 24. Assuming the hood is collapsed the hoop sticks are moved forwardly by the rear handle till the rear hoop sticks are in position and then the front handle is operated to move the front hoop sticks, the intermediate hoop sticks being appropriately coupled. The hoop sticks are provided with rollers 13 engaging recesses 12 in the rails.