Patent GB-463014-A (GB)
Title: Compositions from coal tar and higher fatty acid chlorides and process of making same
IPC: C07G99/00
Filed: 1936-04-20
Abstract: Mixed products of unspecified constitution are obtained by reacting a chloride of an aliphatic acid containing at least six carbon atoms, in the presence of aluminium chloride, with (a) a coal-tar fraction which boils entirely or for the greater part above about 200 DEG  C., or (b) light bases obtained from coal tar, or (c) creosote oil residues obtained from coal tar, wood tar or petroleum, or (d) a coal-tar fraction as under (a) from which acid-soluble and/or alkali-soluble constituents have been extracted, or (e) acid-soluble or alkali-soluble constituents extracted from a coal-tar fraction as under (a).  The treatment of single compounds obtainable from coal tar is excluded.  The reaction may be effected by adding aluminium chloride to a mixture of the reagents in a diluent such as carbon bisulphide, refluxing the mixture, pouring it on to a mixture of ice and hydrochloric acid, and treating the product with steam to remove the diluent and unchanged coal-tar fraction and to hydrolyse the complex aluminium compound formed; if the hydrolysis product still contains aluminium, this may be removed by heating the product under reflux with a mixture of acetone and hydrochloric acid; the product may also be after-treated with a decolorizing agent such as active charcoal or clay.  Examples are given of the treatment of numerous fractions of types (a) to (e) above, including "red wax" (a coal-tar fraction of boiling range 432--500 DEG  C.), "tower bottoms" (a coal-tar fraction of boiling range 230--375 DEG  C.), alkali-washed tower bottoms, the alkali-soluble fraction of tower bottoms, acid-washed tower bottoms, the acid-soluble fraction of tower bottoms, acid- and alkali-washed tower bottoms, acid-washed red wax, the acid-soluble fraction of red wax, crude anthracene, acid-washed crude anthracene, light coal-tar bases of boiling range 100--355 DEG C., and heavy coal-tar bases, boiling (as to 95 per cent) above 200 DEG  C.  Specified acid chlorides are the chlorides of caproic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic, carnaubic, cerotic, melissic, oleic, and linoleic acids, or of acid mixtures obtainable from fats.  The products vary from oily liquids to waxy solids, and are useful as additions to lubricating oils, as constituents of waxing and polishing compositions, and as waterproofing and dielectric materials.  Specifications 11308/36, 11310/36 and 11311/36 are referred to.ALSO:Mixed products of unspecified constitution are obtained by reacting a chloride of an aliphatic acid containing at least six carbon atoms, in the presence of aluminium chloride, with (a) a coal-tar fraction which boils entirely or for the greater part above about 200 DEG  C., or (b) light bases obtained from coal tar, or (c) creosote-oil residues obtained from coal tar, wood tar or petroleum, or (d) a coal-tar fraction as under (a) from which acid-soluble and/or alkali-soluble constituents have been extracted, or (e) acid-soluble or alkali-soluble constituents extracted from a coal-tar fraction as under (a).  The treatment of single compounds obtainable from coal tar is excluded.  Examples are given of the treatment of numerous fractions of types (a) to (e) above, including "red wax" (a coal-tar fraction of boiling range 432--500 DEG  C.), "tower bottoms" (a coal-tar fraction of boiling range 230--375 DEG  C.), alkali-washed tower bottoms, the alkali-soluble fraction of tower bottoms, acid-washed tower bottoms, the acid-soluble fraction of tower bottoms, acid- and alkali-washed tower bottoms, acid-washed red wax, the acid-soluble fraction of red wax, crude anthracene, acid-washed crude anthracene, light coal-tar bases of boiling range 100--355 DEG C., and heavy coal-tar bases, boiling (as to 95 per cent) above 200 DEG  C.  Specified acid chlorides are the chlorides of caproic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic, carnaubic, cerotic, melissic, oleic and linoleic acids, or of acid mixtures obtainable from fats.  The products vary from oily liquids to waxy solids, they improve the oiliness and the pour point of lubricating oils and may form part of waxing and polishing compositions.  Specifications 11308/36, 11310/36 and 11311/36 are referred to.