Patent GB-386752-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of assistants for the textile and related industries
IPC: C08C19/20
Filed: 1931-11-19
Abstract: As assistants in the textile and related industries, particularly as sizes or dressings, use is made of solutions or dispersions of sulphonation products derived from natural rubber or from synthetic rubber, obtained by polymerizing diolefines, or from conversion or degradation products of natural or synthetic rubber.  Suitable conversion or degradation products may be obtained by partial hydrogenation or by cyclisation, as described in Specifications 249,172 and 332,762, [both in Class 70, Indiarubber &c.]. Sulphonation may be effected with concentrated sulphuric acid, oleum, chlorsulphonic acid or sulphur trioxide in the presence of an inert diluent, e.g. ethyl ether, di-n-butyl ether, or amyl acetate.  The sulphonation products may be used as such or in the form of their salts with alkali or alkaline-earth metals, ammonia, or organic bases such as alkylamines and hydroxyalkylamines.  They may be used alone or together with soaps, turkey red oil, sulphuric esters of acids such as oleic acid or of alcohols such as octodecyl alcohol, sulphonic acids, e.g. sulphopalmitic acid or oleic acid N-methyl tauride, glue, gum arabic, and dextrin.  Mixtures of the sulphonation products with organic solvents, natural waxes, bleached montan wax, or chlorinated diphenyl or naphthalene may be used for impregnating textiles, leather, and paper.  Emulsions of vegetable oils or fats or mineral oils, prepared with the aid of the sulphonation products, may be used for oiling textile threads or fabrics, for fulling leather, or for producing oiled paper.  Difficultly soluble salts of the sulphonation products may be applied as a finish; thus, fabrics may be soaked with a solution of the sulphonation products or a soluble salt thereof, and then treated with a bath containing a salt of a metal forming difficultly soluble salts with the sulphonation products, e.g. aluminium acetate.  In the examples, (1) cyclo-rubber, prepared by heating crape rubber with ethyl ether to 260 DEG  C. under pressure, is treated in ethereal solution with chlorsulphonic acid; a solution containing dextrin or glue and the sodium salt of the sulphonation product can be used for sizing artificial silk; (2) an ethereal solution of chlorsulphonic acid is added to an ethereal solution of crape rubber; an aqueous solution of the sodium salt or triethanolamine salt of the sulphonation product may be used for sizing viscose silk or cellulose acetate silk, and the sizing bath may also contain soluble starch, dextrin, glue, turkey red oil, or a hygroscopic substance such as glycerol or sodium sulphate; magnesium chloride or calcium chloride may also be present; the sulphonation products may also be used as emulsifying agents for mineral or vegetable oils or fats; (3) a solution of crape rubber in cyclohexane is hydrogenated at 280 DEG  C. in the presence of a nickel catalyst, and the product is treated in ethereal solution with chlorsulphonic acid; a viscose silk fabric may be impregnated with the sulphonation product or its sodium salt, and then treated with an aqueous solution of aluminium acetate; an aqueous solution of the sodium salt of the sulphonation product may also be kneaded with the sodium salt of N-oleyl-N-methyltaurine or of the acid sulphuric ester of octodecyl alcohol or oleic alcohol, and the mixture evaporated to give a solid product useful as a textile soap.ALSO:Emulsions of vegetable oils or fats or mineral oils are prepared with the aid of sulphonation products derived from natural rubber or from synthetic rubber, obtained by polymerizing diolefines, or from conversion or degradation products of natural or synthetic rubber.  Suitable conversion or degradation products may be obtained by partial hydrogenation or by cyclization, as described in Specifications 249,172 and 332,762, [both in Class 70, India-rubber &c.].  The sulphonation products may be used as such or in the form of their salts with alkali or alkaline earth metals, ammonia, or organic bases such as alkylamines and hydroxyalkylamines.  The emulsions may be used for oiling textile threads or fabrics or for producing oiled paper.ALSO:As sizes or dressings, use is made of solutions or dispersions of sulphonation products derived from natural rubber or from synthetic rubber, obtained by polymerizing diolefines, or from conversion or degradation products of natural or synthetic rubber. Suitable conversion or degradation products may be obtained by partial hydrogenation or by cyclization, as described in Specifications 249,172 and 332,762, [both in Class 70, Indiarubber &c.].  The sulphonation products may be used as such or in the form of their salts with alkali or alkaline earth metals, ammonia, or organic bases such as alkylamines and hydroxylalkylamines. They may be used alone or together with soaps, Turkey red oil, sulphuric esters of acids such as oleic acid or of alcohols such as octodecyl alcohol, sulphonic acids, e.g. sulphopalmitic acid or oleic acid N-methyl tauride, glue, gum arabic, or dextrin.  In examples, (1) cyclorubber, prepared by heating crape rubber with ethyl ether to 260 DEG C. under pressure, is treated in ethereal solution with chlor-sulphonic acid; a solution containing dextrin or glue and the sodium salt of the sulphonation product can be used for sizing artificial silk; (2) an ethereal solution of chlor-sulphonic acid is added to an ethereal solution of crape rubber; an aqueous solution of the sodium salt or triethanolamine salt of the sulphonation product may be used for sizing viscose silk or cellulose acetate silk, and the sizing bath may also contain soluble starch, dextrin, glue, Turkey red oil, or hygroscopic substance a such as glycerol or sodium sulphate; magnesium chloride or calcium chloride may also be present.