Patent GB-1502768-A (GB)
Title: Signal processing arrangement
IPC: G01S1/40
Filed: 1974-04-25
Abstract: 1502768 Radio navigation systems STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd 15 April 1975 [25 April 1974] 18084/74 Heading H4D A signal processing arrangement for use in a Doppler I.L.S. system as described in 1,234,541 comprises two voltage controlled oscillators (a) and (b) which are controlled to be interchangeable in respect of the functions of (a) frequency tracking the frequency component, in the multi-component input signal, which is detected to have the highest amplitude, (b) frequency scanning the frequency range of the input signal whereby the highest amplitude frequency component (h.a.f.c.) may be detected at coincidence with the scanning frequency. If the h.a.f.c. detected by a coincidence circuit connected to v.c.o. (b.) is detected to be at a frequency different to that being tracked by v.c.o. (a) then after a prescribed delay to prevent spurious operation, e.g. two frequency scan cycles, the v.c.o.'s are switched over so that v.c.o. (a) now operates in the scan mode and v.c.o. (b) operates in the track mode, locked on to the new frequency component. The frequency of the locked on frequency component may be measured by circuit means described in 1,402,885 or 1,489,923. In Fig. 1, square wave v.c.o.'s VCO1 and VCO2 have their outputs connected to digital crossover switch DCS to one of frequency selective networks FSN1 or FSN2. VCO1 and VCO2 are controlled via analogue crossover switch ACS, to operate as a phase locked loop via FSN1 and line L tracking a particular input signal component or to produce a frequency sweep signal of the signal band of interest controlled by sawtooth waveform generator WG. During each sweep the occurrence of the h.a.f.c. is detected by FSN2 Fig. 2, in which the signal is sampled 4 times during a scan within each quadrant thereof, and is so controlled by four phase clock signal pulses # 1  to # 4  to detect the h.a.f.c. which establishes a voltage level at the base of transistor T, which decays through 1dB per search scan whereby during the next scan, if the h.a.f.c. has been correctly detected it will cross this threshold level on the next scan and initiate a pulse P2. Frequency coincidence circuit FC, Fig. 3 digitally mixes the signals from VCO1 and VCO2 in an exclusive OR gate G, bandpass filters the output thereof in filters LP and HP, and detects the point where the beat frequency between the v.c.o. signals decreases to a minimum corresponding to coincidence of the v.c.o. frequencies. Comparator CO produces an output signal P1 when the detected signal falls below the value of threshold voltage V T . Signal integrity decision circuit SID (Fig. 5, not shown) establishes whether the tracked frequency corresponds to the frequency of the h.a.f.c. If signals PI and P2 do not overlap, the SID circuit after a predetermined delay to reject shortlived spurious signals produces an output signal P3, on the next occurrence of signal P2, which operates the changeover switches ACS and DCS, In another embodiment (Fig. 7, not shown), an SID circuit is elaborated in that h.a.f.c. signals which are detected on successive scans in non- coincidence with the tracked signals are detected and stored as a charge on a respective one of a bank of switched capacitors each corresponding to predetermined subdivided frequency band of the frequency sweep produced in generator WG, and switchover to track the new frequency is only enabled after the relevant charge on the respective capacitor is detected to exceed a predetermined threshold.