baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-3234689-U (JP)
Title: 可変式パイプ型散水器
IPC: B05B3/10
Filed: 2021-08-18
Granted: 2021-10-28
Abstract: 【課題】吐出口の大きさや数、配置の変更が可能な可変式パイプ型散水器を提供する。 【解決手段】パイプを二重構造とし、内パイプ１にスリット３、外パイプ４に大きさや数の異なる複数の吐出口５、６を設け、外パイプを回転させることにより、内パイプスリットに対応した外パイプ吐出口から散水を行う。 【選択図】図１
Patent JP-3236368-U (JP)
Title: 空気清浄装置
IPC: F24F13/28
Filed: 2021-12-17
Granted: 2022-02-15
Abstract: 【課題】所要の小空間について空気を効率良く清浄化できると共に、より簡便に保守管理を行うことができる空気清浄装置を提供する。【解決手段】軸流ファン型の送風機１０と、空気清浄用の不織布フィルタ２０とを備え、直方体の六面のうち一面が開放された箱形で、対面する一対の側面壁３２、３２と底面壁３３とに通気を許容する多数の貫通孔３２ａが設けられてカゴ状に設けられ、前記送風機１０の電動機１２を含む該送風機１０の下流側の部位が開放された前記一面から挿入された状態に配置されるスペースを備えるフィルタ保持体３０を備え、前記不織布フィルタ２０が、前記フィルタ保持体３０の一対の側面壁３２、３２と底面壁３３の内面に沿って配されるように、展開した形状として長方形に形成されている。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-3240982-U (JP)
Title: 顧客購買意向と推薦分析システム
IPC: G06Q30/0601
Filed: 2022-12-22
Granted: 2023-02-17
Abstract: 【課題】自動ラベリング、および、パーソナライズされた販売促進メッセージ、商品のマーケティングの自動化、および、パーソナライズされた商品推薦機能を有する顧客購買意向と推薦分析システムを提供する。【解決手段】顧客購買意向と推薦分析システムは、消費者行動情報サーバを有し、消費者行動情報サーバは、データクリーニング装置、情報分析装置、および、推薦装置を有する。データクリーニング装置は、消費者の消費者行動情報を受信して、消費者行動情報に、データクリーニングを実行して、観察リストデータを取得する。情報分析装置は、レコメンデーションアルゴリズムにより、観察リストデータを分析して、推薦目標を決定する。推薦装置は、推薦目標に対応する販売促進メッセージを送信する。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-3243079-U (JP)
Title: 近距離無線通信モジュールホルダー
IPC: G06K19/077
Filed: 2023-06-05
Granted: 2023-08-02
Abstract: 【課題】キャラクターなどの高い装飾性を有しつつも、電子決済などの用途で近距離無線通信モジュールを携行して使用する際に利便性の高い近距離無線通信モジュールホルダーを提供する。【解決手段】近距離無線通信モジュールホルダー１Ａは、動物、人物、キャラクターのうちいずれか一つをモチーフとした意匠の本体２Ａと、本体２Ａに形成されたモジュール保持手段３Ａと、前記本体に取り付けられた装着具４Ａと、からなり、近距離無線通信モジュールＭを前記モジュール保持手段３Ａに収納して使用する。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-3244005-U (JP)
Title: 路面敷設材
IPC: E01C9/08
Filed: 2023-08-04
Granted: 2023-10-02
Abstract: 【課題】土留め作用や排水作用を発揮し、歩行や走行の安全性を確保する。保管時の必要スペースが小さくて済み、運搬コストが安く抑えられ、取り扱いが容易な路面敷設材を提供する。【解決手段】路面敷設材は、多数の格子枠を有する。格子枠は横桁板２０と縦桁板４０とを格子状に組み合わせてなる。横桁板２０又は縦桁板４０に水抜き孔４２を設ける。横桁板２０又は縦桁板４０凹入溝２１、４１を有し、凹入溝２１、４１同士が互いに噛み合わされている。噛み合い箇所イに遊び空間を形成する。【選択図】図３
Patent JP-3245451-U (JP)
Title: 自動車用ホイールブラシ
IPC: A46B9/06
Filed: 2023-11-29
Granted: 2024-01-29
Abstract: 【課題】水が飛び跳ねて使用者に掛からない、自動車用のホイールブラシを提供する。 【解決手段】自動車用ホイールブラシの毛として、硬さの異なる２種類のポリプロピレン繊維３の束とポリエステル繊維４の束を交互に配列し、針金５で撚り合わせることで放射線状に広げた。反発が小さくなり水が飛び跳ねて使用者に掛からないようにできた。 【選択図】図２
Patent UA-2123-U (UA)
Title: Пристрій проміжний управління бпу-дпи
Filed: 2003-02-06
Abstract: 1. Пристрій проміжний управління БПУ - ДПИ, що містить канал дистанційного управління, канал формування світлової сигналізації, вузол логічної обробки сигналів, вузол сигналізації, який відрізняється тим, що в нього введено перетворювачі вихідних сигналів, вузол діагностики функціонування та передачі діагностичної інформації, реалізований на мікроконтролері, вузлом логічної обробки сигналів є програмована логічна матриця, входи якої з'єднані з виходами каналу дистанційного управління, виходами каналу формування світлової сигналізації, а виходи програмованої логічної матриці сполучені з входами перетворювачів вихідних сигналів, входами вузла сигналізації, при цьому програмована логічна матриця з’єднана з вузлом діагностики функціонування та передачі діагностичної інформації, який зворотньо зв’язаний з нею, крім того вузол діагностики функціонування та передачі діагностичної інформації з’єднаний з перетворювачами вихідних сигналів, до того ж пристрій постачено металевими екранами, розміщенними з двох боків.
Patent UA-2747-U (UA)
Title: Прилад для перетворення кола в конхоїду кюльпа
Filed: 2003-07-15
Abstract: Прилад для перетворення кола в конхоїду Кюльпа, який містить кулісу, зв'язану шарнірною діадою повзунів з траверзою, котра несе горизонтальну рухому лінійку відрізняється тим, що з метою перетворення кола в конхоїду Кюльпа з налагодженням на будь-який параметр, має прямокутний важіль, на одному з плечей якого задаємо завдяки гвинта-фіксатора необхідний параметр.
Patent UA-5148-U (UA)
Title: A biopolymer drilling FLUID
Filed: 2004-07-12
Abstract: A biopolymer drilling fluid contains biopolymer, alkali metals humates (coal-alkali reagent or humate-potassium reagent), water, polymeric filtration reducer and salts of alkali metals and slat of alkali and/or alkali-earth metals.
Patent UA-5636-U (UA)
Title: Sound-generating device
Filed: 2004-07-23
Abstract: The proposed sound-generating device contains a hollow chamber with an opening for supplying air. In the chamber, a tubular detecting element is installed that is shaped as the chamber. The length of the detecting element is equal to or less then the length of the chamber. On one side of the detecting element, an annular projection is provided that fits closely to the inside surface of the chamber. On the other side, the detecting element is set against a flexible membrane, which is installed with interference fit at the end surface of the chamber. The chamber is open on the side of the annular projection of the detecting element. The opening for supplying air is arranged so that air enters into the cavity between the outside surface of the detecting element and the inside surface of the chamber.
Patent UA-153653-U (UA)
Title: Спосіб доочистки питної води
Inventor: HONCHARUK VLADYSLAV VOLODYMYROVYCH
Filed: 2019-07-17
Abstract: Спосіб доочистки питної води включає обробку води в електролізері з фільтруючим картриджем, який містить хімічно стійкий дисперсний матеріал органічної природи. Як хімічно стійкий дисперсний матеріал органічної природи використовують катіонообмінну смолу.
Patent UA-8278-U (UA)
Title: Device for inhalation of ozonides
Inventor: NAZAROV YEVHEN IVANOVYCH
IPC: A61M16/12
Filed: 2005-03-14
Abstract: The device for inhalation of ozonides comprises the vessel for dispersing the aqueous-oil emulsion with the disperser in its bottom, the connecting pipe for supplying the aerosol into the respiratory tract of the patient, the generator of the excitation, the power supply unit, the compressor, the control unit with the control board, and the air pipe-line.
Patent UA-12812-U (UA)
Title: Toothed gearing
Inventor: PIPA BORYS FEDOROVYCH
IPC: F16H1/06
Filed: 2005-04-08
Abstract: A toothed gearing has a pinion, a toothed wheel, those are installed on the driving and the driven shafts, respectively; a parasitic pinion, this is in coupling with the toothed wheel, and toothed crown with internal coupling. The pinion, the toothedwheel and the parasitic pinion are installed inside the toothed crown, and the axles of those are placed in one plane.
Patent UA-12420-U (UA)
Title: Phytotea composition "fitochai no.6" (phytotea no.6)
Inventor: BRECHKO VIKTOR MYKOLAIOVYCH
IPC: A23F3/34
Filed: 2005-06-13
Abstract: A phytotea composition contains Chinese green tea, Echinacea herb and small-leaved lime flowers. It is supplemented with common St. John's wort herb and/or common agrimony herb, with European elder flowers.
Patent UA-11925-U (UA)
Title: Method for surgical treatment of stenosis in proximal part of vertebral artery
Inventor: MOLCHANOV VIKTOR IVANOVYCH
IPC: A61B17/11
Filed: 2005-07-11
Abstract: The method for the surgical treatment of stenosis in the proximal part of the vertebral artery comprises the removal of the atheromatosis plaque. The longitudinal arteriotomy of the ostium of the vertebral artery and the oblique arteriotomy of the subclavian artery are performed. Then the anterior wall-to-wall arterio-arterial anastomosis is applied with broadening of the ostium of the vertebral artery and its displacement away from thyrocervical trunk.
Patent UA-15076-U (UA)
Title: Method for treating preclinical disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with lung tuberculosis
Inventor: ANDIEIEVA OLENA HERMANIVNA
IPC: A61K35/00
Filed: 2005-12-08
Abstract: The method for treating the preclinical disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in the patients with tuberculosis comprises the complex antibacterial therapy including the use of the drugs belonging to thiasolidinedions (Pyoglitason or Rosiglitason).
Patent UA-14614-U (UA)
Title: Method for testing steel for crack resistance
Inventor: KOTRECHKO OLEKSII OLEKSIIOVYCH
IPC: G01N3/00
Filed: 2005-12-09
Abstract: The proposed method for testing steel for crack resistance implies using steel samples that are produced from a rounds blank that is hardened by surface thermomechanical treatment. The method is distinctive by using the samples that correspond to the different areas of the blank - from the area where the initial properties of steel are retained to the area within the hardened surface layer, and determining, for each sample, the force that induces the development of the crack.
Patent UA-17034-U (UA)
Title: Wave power unit
Inventor: ZAITSEV YEVHEN YURIIOVYCH
IPC: F03B13/14
Filed: 2006-02-08
Abstract: A wave power unit comprises a pipe, a floater equipped with inflatable chamber and a linear electric generator. The linear electric generator comprises an armature winding and induction element made of permanent magnets placed inside the floater. The fin comprises a frame, rotary plates, axles-needles and stoppers, beams.
Patent UA-17303-U (UA)
Title: Method for checking photometric parameters of traffic lights
Inventor: SCHURENKO YURII OLEKSANDROVYCH
IPC: G08G1/07
Filed: 2006-04-03
Abstract: The proposed method for checking photometric parameters of traffic lights consists in determining the total intensity of the luminescence of the light-emitting diodes of the traffic lights and comparing the measured value with the standard value. To determine the total intensity of the luminescence of the light-emitting diodes, an equation is used, the parameters of which are the number of the light-emitting diodes, the luminescence generated by the single light-emitting diode and measured by a luxmeter, the distance between the emitting surface of the light-emitting diode and the luxmeter, and the area of the emitting surface of the light-emitting diode.
Patent UA-21434-U (UA)
Title: Filter for cleaning of liquid
Inventor: BIELOUSOV VOLODYMYR VOLODYMYRO
IPC: B01D33/44
Filed: 2006-10-02
Abstract: A filter for cleaning of liquid contains a housing, which consists of cylindrical and conical parts, branch pipes of supply of cleaned liquid, removal of filtrate and discharge of sediment, a reticulated filter element, an exciter of mechanical oscillations of filter element, a seal. The impenetrable insert is made inside the working cavity of housing, which divides working cavity into the section of contaminated liquid in the form of radial clearance, which is outwardly limited by internal surface of the casing of filter, and the filter section in the form of channel of variable cross section between the filter element and the insert. Channel and radial clearance are equipped with individual branch pipes for discharge of sediment.
Patent UA-21890-U (UA)
Title: Analog-to-digital receiver
Inventor: MEISTER YURII LAZAROVYCH
IPC: G01S7/285
Filed: 2006-10-05
Abstract: The proposed analog-to-digital receiver contains an analog-to-digital converter, a multiplier, an adder, time delay element, two registers, a control unit, and for the purpose to improve the characteristics of the matching filters of the receiver, three additional registers, an additional adder, two additional time delay elements, and an additional control unit.
Patent UA-23394-U (UA)
Title: Device proposed by nakhaba o.o. for protecting an object against mechanical collision with other objects and material particles by using a scattered plasma beam
Inventor: NAKHABA OLEKSANDR OLEKSANDROVY
IPC: H05H3/00
Filed: 2006-12-18
Abstract: The proposed device proposed for protecting objects against mechanical collision with other objects and material particles by using a scattered plasmabeam contains several plasma generators with spherical chambers for containing plasma, which are installed at the inside surface of the protected object. Each spherical chamber contains several cone-shaped superconducting coils installed at ferromagnetic cores. The coils are designed for generating magnetic field that holds the plasma at the center of the chamber. The flux of ions that are emitted from the chamber is separated into a flux of positive ions and a flux of negative ions. The flux of positive ions is directed perpendicular to the flux of negative ions by superconducting ring-shaped coils. The said fluxes are emitted from holes provided in the casing of the object and protect the object from other objects and material particles that can approach the object.
Patent UA-27883-U (UA)
Title: Method for making borsch (red-beet soup) garnish
Inventor: CHEREVKO OLEKSANDR IVANOVYCH
IPC: A23L5/10
Filed: 2007-02-19
Abstract: The utility model relates to methods for making canned food products and can be used for cooking borsch at enterprises of restaurant business and in household activities.
Patent UA-24334-U (UA)
Title: Method for detoxifying antinutritents of soybeans
Inventor: VELYCHKO IVAN MYKOLAIOVYCH
IPC: A23K1/14
Filed: 2007-02-23
Abstract: A method for detoxifying antinutrients of soybeans includes heat treatment thereof by an extruding method under a pressure of 3-5 MPa and a temperature from +120 up to +200 DEGREE C. Native soybean flour is ensilaged with fresh beet press cake in a ratio of 0.1:0.2-5:10 at simultaneous application of the enzymic preparation "Maceraza" in an amount of 300-700 g per ton of a feed.
Patent UA-26285-U (UA)
Title: Method for determination of formation degree of visual psychoanalysis skill of a psychologist
IPC: G09B3/00
Filed: 2007-05-16
Abstract: A method for determination of formation degree of visual psychoanalysis skill of a psychologist comprises visual psychoanalysis of a respondent by a tested person. A tested person fills in a specially developed questionnaire and draws conclusion about personality of respondent. The contents of questionnaire is processed by computer and compared with the results of standard valid procedures. The defined amount of marks is added for each coincidence. Conclusion about formation degree of visual psychoanalysis skill at a tested person is drawn in accordance with the amount of the added marks.
Patent UA-27072-U (UA)
Title: Method for chemoradiotherapy of lung small cell disseminated carcinoma
Inventor: YATSENKO LIUDMYLA DMYTRIVNA
IPC: A61K35/00
Filed: 2007-06-25
Abstract: A method for the chemoradiotherapy of lung small cell disseminated carcinoma comprises the chemotherapy, which is carried out by intravenous drop-by-drop introduction of cytostatic agent, after 4 courses of chemotherapy the teletherapy is used with the inclusion in the volume of irradiation primary tumour, mediastinum, roots of both lungs, cervico-supraclavicular areas from two sides. The irradiation is carried out in 2 stages: on the 1th treatment stage irradiations are carried out by ROD 2 Gy, 10 fractions, SOD 20 Gy, and on the 2th stage (in 2 weeks) - ROD 2 Gy, SOD 30 Gy. The radial therapy of cervico-supraclavicular areas is carried out by ROD 2 Gy, SOD 40 Gy, at that in the case of supraclavicular lymph nodes metastatic affect the additional irradiation of affected area is carried out by local field ROD 2 Gy, SOD 20 Gy. Polyplatilene is used as the cytostatic agent at a dose of 300 mg/m2 daily for 6 days. Then the patients take out the next 4 courses of Polyplatilene without radial therapy, an interval between courses is 4 weeks. _
Patent UA-27454-U (UA)
Title: Method for assessing extent of regional, global and total inhomogeneity of electric processes in heart ventricles
Inventor: CHAIKOVSKYI ILLIA ANATOLIIOVYCH
IPC: A61B5/05
Filed: 2007-07-27
Abstract: A method for assessing the extent of regional, global and total inhomogeneity of electric processes in heart ventricles the provides for the magnetocardiographic mapping, analysis of the set of current density distribution patterns from the beginning of QRS complex till the end of T wave, assessment of topological parameters of eddy currents and their areas, calculation of the extent of their distinction as compared to the normal quasidipole map, average values for the set of maps, difference between directions and the ratio of amplitudes of the maximal current vectors in the apices of R and T waves. Parameters of the areas with increased and decreased current densities are calculated. The extent of the difference of the given map, average values in the set of the maps, difference of the directions and ratio of amplitudes of the maximal current vectors in the apices of R and T waves are assessed as compared to normal value using three-grade scale (minimal, average, maximal). The extent of the regional, global, and total inhomogeneity of the electric processes is also assessed using three-grade scale (low, medium, high). Based on these values, the overall inhomogeneity (abnormality) is assessed using five-grade scale: low extent (norm), less than medium (low abnormality), medium (medium abnormality), higher than medium (high abnormality), and very high (very high abnormality). A procedure of the assessment is carried out automatically using the computer program. The results are displayed and printed out.
Patent UA-28493-U (UA)
Title: Closing device with fastening element on neck of bottle
Inventor: KONDRATIUK TETIANA VOLODYMYRIV
IPC: B65D41/00
Filed: 2007-08-10
Abstract: A closing device with fastening element on the neck of bottle comprises a body, which consists of a threaded cap and a pouring part, with linear cross connection between them, where there is a section of weakened strength, closure, sealing collar on external sides of hollow cylinders of the closure, longitudinal stiffening ribs, on the internal surface of hollow dispensing part. Longitudinal stiffening ribs, at their basis, are intersected by several small annular flanges, and in the upper direction, without reaching the upper basis of the cylinder of the dispensing part, they are abutted against the annular elastic element of fixating the closing device on the neck of the bottle, which section in the plan view is close to the right-angled trapezium, which by its inclined line adjoins the internal surface of the generatrix of the body of the dispensing part.
Patent UA-31751-U (UA)
Title: Method of magnetic-pulse working of metallic billets by attraction to inductor
Inventor: BATYHIN YURII VIKTOROVYCH
IPC: B21D26/14
Filed: 2007-11-05
Abstract: A method of magnetic-pulse working of metallic billets, at which the process of working is conducted in the range of frequencies of influencing magnetic field fromtoHz (where d - thickness of billet, γ- electrical conductivity of the metal of billet, D - thickness of screen, γ- electrical conductivity of the screen material, μ- magnetic permeability of vacuum), in the working zone of inductor made in the form of an electrically isolated circular loop located in the groove of massive conducting screen from the side of work blank.
Patent UA-30868-U (UA)
Title: Universal nanomodifier
Inventor: KOSINOV MYKOLA VASYLIOVYCH
IPC: B01D39/00
Filed: 2007-12-10
Abstract: A universal water-based nanomodifier contains metal nanoparticles with size of 1-1000 nm. Metal is selected from the group containing silver, aurum, cuprum, nickel, palladium, platinum, molybdenum, cobalt, rhodium, vanadium, bismuth, ferrum, manganese, chrome, zinc, stannic, zirconium, titanium, aluminium, magnesium, gallium, antimony, selenium, terbium, praseodymium, samarium, gadolinium, cerium, lanthanum, yttrium, neodymium, lanthanum, wolfram. The nanoparticles have preferably spherical shape, have surface potential formed by excess of electrons and chelated with water molecules with formation of nanohydrate shells around metallic nanoparticles due to electrostatic forces originating between polar water molecules and charged surface of the nanoparticles.
Patent UA-31560-U (UA)
Title: Autonomous portable mini-toilet for women for one-time use only
Inventor: KALIUZHNYI VALERII VILINOVYCH
IPC: A47K11/00
Filed: 2007-12-21
Abstract: Autonomous portable mini-toilet for women for one-time use only relates to sanitary-technical equipment, in particular to toilets for individual use, and can be used in any non-stationary conditions where there is no possibility to visit toilet room for satisfaction of physiological natural needs of person or under conditions of absence of autonomous or portable toilets.
Patent UA-32338-U (UA)
Title: Device for control of relative humidity
Inventor: OSADCHUK VOLODYMYR STEPANOVYCH
IPC: G01N27/12
Filed: 2008-01-11
Abstract: Device for control of relative humidity includes source of direct voltage, field transistors, high frequency filter, resistors, capacitors, diode, transistor and heater.
Patent UA-34815-U (UA)
Title: Method for correcting cytokine state in patients with acute tonsillitis
Inventor: FROLOV VALERII MYTROFANOVYCH
IPC: A61K35/14
Filed: 2008-03-12
Abstract: A method for correcting the cytokine state in patients with the acute tonsillitis comprises the use of Amison and Polyoxidonium as the modern immunoactive drug.
Patent UA-35801-U (UA)
Title: Method for automated control of process of grain drying in shaft grain drier
Inventor: LOVCHEV OLEKSANDR MYKOLAIOVYCH
IPC: F26B25/22
Filed: 2008-04-02
Abstract: Method for automated control of process of grain drying in shaft grain drier includes measurement and control of temperature of grain and temperature of drying agent in each drying zone. Additionally one measures and controls dampness of grain at outlet of grain drier with compensation of effect of delay in control channel.
Patent UA-36492-U (UA)
Title: supporting unit of hoisting facility
Inventor: PROTYNIAK IHOR STEFANOVYCH
IPC: B66B11/00
Filed: 2008-05-27
Abstract: A supporting unit of hoisting facility contains a frame with flangeless wheels and device for limiting the cross motions of supporting unit in the form of vertical axes with guide pulleys in connected with the frame. The device for limiting cross motions of supporting unit is equipped with screw pairs rigidly connected to the frame, which interact through precompressed spring elements with appropriate vertical axles hingedly connected to the frame by brackets.
Patent UA-37398-U (UA)
Title: method of continuous displacement of a vehicle with a wheel-step mover in wheel-step mode
Inventor: SHTOMPEL MYKOLA MYKOLAIOVYCH
IPC: B62D57/00
Filed: 2008-06-17
Abstract: A method of displacement of a vehicle in wheel-step mode includes successive displacement of wheels over bearing surface in the transfer phase in the driving mode, and then the start of the step motion of wheels with wheel-step drive. The central wheel of the drive of supporting wheel is connected to its driving axle by the free-wheel clutch, in the drive of displacement a crank-and-rocker mechanism is used. Its lever is hingedly connected to wheel-step lever by intermediate component, which provides free motion of its supporting wheel in the transfer phase.
Patent UA-43163-U (UA)
Title: Articulated railroad for transportation of large-capacity containers
Inventor: BUBNOV VALERII MYKHAILOVYCH
IPC: B61F1/00
Filed: 2009-01-30
Abstract: An articulated railroad car for transportation of large-capacity containers includes a frame with fitted supports installed thereon, which consists of separate sections, a brake rigging and automatic couplers. Each section contains side beams from welded double T, a shortened center sill made from Z-shaped profile and installed lower than the upper surface of side beams. The center sill is connected with the side beams by cross bars, and with a body bolster and the front beam also. The upper surface of body bolster is located between upper surfaces of lateral and shortened center sill. The upper surface of front beam is located at the level of upper surfaces of side beams and is connected by metallic sheets with body bolster, front and side beams.
Patent UA-45967-U (UA)
Title: Technique for intramedullary osteosynthesis of shaft fractures of long bones
Inventor: KLYMOVYTSKYI VOLODYMYR HARIOVYCH
IPC: A61B17/88
Filed: 2009-02-06
Abstract: A technique for the intramedullary osteosynthesis of the shaft fractures of the long bones provides for inserting the metal rod. The rod is inserted on the side of the proximal fragment at the fracture site and is joined with the rod inserted on the side of the distal fragment with the aid of the jig. Finally, the distal rod is pushed out and replaced by the proximal one.