Patent GB-916718-A (GB)
Title: Liquid detergent compositions
IPC: C11D3/32
Filed: 1960-12-20
Abstract: A liquid detergent composition comprises by weight (a) 5-30%, preferably 1-25%, of a synthetic non-cationic detergent, (b) 5-30%, preferably 10-25%, of an alkaline inorganic builder salt, and (c) 0,1-5%, preferably 0,1-2%, of a mixture of (i) a water soluble cellulosic compound and (ii) a water soluble linear vinyl polymer, in a weight ratio (i) to (ii) of 20:1 to 1:20 and particularly 5:1 to 1:5.  Detergent (a) is suitably a sodium, potassium, ammonium or alkanolamine alkylaryl sulphonate, especially an alkylbenzene sulphonate, n- or secalkyl sulphate, sulphated ethylene oxide-alkylphenol or-fatty alcohol condensates, a sulphated partial ester of a fatty acid and a polyhydric alcohol, fatty isethionate, fatty ethanolamide sulphate, N-fatty acyl tauride, alkylglyceryl ether sulphonate; and ethylene, propylene, or butylene oxide condensates with alkylphenols, fatty acids, rosin acids, tall oil acids, acids from the oxidation of petroleum, fatty amides including mono- and diethanolamides and sulphonamides, fatty alcohols and mercaptans and polypropylene glycols.  Builder (b) preferably comprises potassium tripoly- and/or pyrophosphates, but other alkali metal polyphosphates may be used; alkali metal silicates, e.g. sodium or potassium silicate with a molar ratio Na2O:SiO2 of 1:1 to 1:4 and K2O:SiO2 of 1:2 to 1:2,5 may also suitably be included.  Cellulosic compound (c)(i) may be a cellulose sulphate or a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl ether, but is generally a carboxy C1-3-alkyl cellulose, and particularly a sodium carboxymethylcellulose with a degree of substitution of 0,5-0,7.  The linear vinyl polymer (c)(ii) is a homo- or copolymer derived from unsaturated compounds of general formula CH2=CHX, where X is hydroxyl, alkylol, nitrile, carboxyl, amide or pyrrolidone, it being preferred to use polyvinyl pyrrolidone and especially polyvinyl alcohol; a polymer particularly favoured is a polyvinyl alcohol of viscosity 1,8-3 cps. containing 10-30% polyvinyl acetate.  The composition suitably also incorporates C8-18-fatty acid alkanolamide in amounts of 1-15%, sodium or potassium toluene or xylene sulphonate in amounts of 4-12%, urea, ethanol, isopropanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethanolamine, hydrogenated castor oil, perfume, colour, fluorescent dye, corrosion and tarnish inhibitor, germicide, bleaching agents, and viscosity modifiers, and is suitably compounded so that 40-70% of the composition is water or liquid medium.ALSO:A liquid detergent composition, especially suitable for washing resin-treated cotton, nylon or "Dacron" (Registered Trade Mark), comprises by weight (a) 5-30%, preferably 1-25%, of a synthetic non-cationic detergent, (b) 5-30%, preferably 10-25%, of an alkaline inorganic builder salt, and (c) 0.1-5%, preferably 0.1-2%, of a mixture of (i) a watersoluble cellulosic compound and (ii) a watersoluble linear vinyl polymer, in a weight ratio (i) to (ii) or 20:1 to 1:20 and particularly 5:1 to 1:5. Detergent (a) is suitably an alkylaryl sulphonate, n- or sec-alkyl sulphate, sulphated ethylene oxid-alkylphenol or fatty alcohol condensates, a sulphated partial ester of a fatty acid and a polyhydric alcohol, fatty isothionate, fatty ethanolamide sulphate. N-fatty acyl tauride, alkylglyceryl ether sulphonate, and ethylene, propylene, or butylene oxide condensates with alkylphenols, fatty acids, rosin acids, tall oil acids, acids from the oxidation of petroleum, fatty amides including mono- and di-ethanolamides and sulphonamides, fatty alcohols and mercaptams and polypropylene glycols.  Builder (b) preferably comprises potassium tripoly- and/or pyro-phosphates, but other alkali metal polyphosphates may be used; alkali metal silicates, e.g. sodium or potassium silicate with a molar ratio Na2O:SiO2 of 1 : 1 to 1 : 4 and K2O:SiO2 or 1:2 to 1:2.5, may also suitably be included.  Cellulosic compound (c) (i) may be a cellulose sulphate or a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl ether, but is generally a carboxy C1-3-alkyl cellulose, and particularly a sodium carboxymethylcelluose with a degree of substitution of 0.5-0.7.  The linear vinyl polymer (c) (ii) is a homo- or co-polymer derived from unsaturated compounds of general formula CH2 = CHX, where X is hydroxyl, alkylol, nitrile, carboxyl, amide or pyrrolidone, it being preferred to use polyvinyl pyrrolidone and especially polyvinyl alcohol; a polymer particularly favoured is a polyvinyl alcohol of viscosity 1.8-3 cps. containing 10-30% polyvinyl acetate.  The composition suitably also incorporates C8-18-fatty acid alkanolamide in amounts of 1-15%, sodium or potassium toluene or xylene sulphonate in amounts of 4-12%, urea, ethanol, isopropanal, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethanolamine, hydrogenated castor oil, perfume, colour, fluorescent dye, corrosion and tarnish inhibitor, germicide, bleaching agents, and viscosity modifiers, and is suitably compounded so that 40-70% of the composition is water or liquid medium.