Patent GB-195659-A (GB)
Title: Automatic single spindle or turret lathe machine
IPC: B23B7/04
Filed: 1921-10-04
Abstract: 195,659. National Acme Co., and Drissner, A. E. Oct. 4, 1921. Lathes.-In an automatic single spindle turret lathes the spindle has six speeds in either direction (or twelve forward speeds if reversing is not required), the changes being obtained automatically from the main cam shaft, the speed of which is also changed each time the spindle speed is changed, while further means are provided to speed up the cam shaft when desired without changing the spindle speed. An oil pan 1 carries columns 2, 3 supporting the main headstock provided with bearing brackets. The main driving pulley 14 on. a shaft 10 drives through back gears 13 a hexagon shaft 19 carrying a pinion 27 traversed by a rod 31 operated from a lever 84, which is provided with a spring-pressed plunger coacting with notches in a stationary shaft to hold the sliding pinion 27 in one of its set positions. The lever 34 is actuated by a lever 45 actuated by cams on a drum 474, Fig. 4. A pinion 22 on the shaft 19 engages a pinion 53 on a stationary shaft 50, Fig. 8, which through chain gear 52 and link belt 322 drives a pinion 318 on a shaft 315, Fig. 4. The sliding pinion 27 may be selectively engaged with one of a series of gears, Fig. 8, mounted loosely on eccentric bushes keyed to the shaft 50, the bushes with their spacers being secured together by pins 76, 77. These gears are in constant mesh with a series of gears on a shaft 80. Each of the gears on shaft 80 embodies roller-clutch mechanism, as shown in Fig. 8a . The gear 91 is bored to receive a plate 87 keyed to shaft 80 and notched to receive a series of rolls 88 contacting with spring plungers 90. By this construction the sliding gear may be in engagement with two of the idler gears at once without damage, the shaft 80 always running at the higher of the two speeds in engagement. The shaft 80 also carries clutch cups 118, 129 on which are keyed gears 120, 135 respectively, and which contain friction clutch mechanisms operated bv a sliding sleeve 123 having spring-pressed plungers 132, which may coact with dogs 130 placed in milled recesses in the clutch cups. If the friction clutch slips the spring-pressed plunger will engage the dog 130 to give a positive drive. The gear 120 engages a gear 425 on a shaft 418, Fig. 4, which also carries a gear 421 driven through an idler from the gear 135, and a gear 423 driving a gear 144 on the work spindle. If reverse running of the spindle is not desired the idler may be removed and gear 421 driven directly from 135, this giving twelve forward spindle speeds. The clutchsleeve 123 is operated to reverse the spindle by cams on a drum 482 which operate through adjustable lever-mechanism. The work spindle 140, Fig. 9, driven from the gear 144 carries a draw-chuck 148 and is provided with ball-thrust bearing 150. Loose gears 155, 161 on the spindle carry spring-pressed plungers coacting with ratchet rings 153, 163 keyed to the spindle. A sliding wedge-member 165 operates fingers pivoted in a holder 166 to actuate the draw-tube 176 secured to the chuck 148. The stock feed-collet 180 is secured to feed-tube 178 operated by a sliding bracket 184, which is bored to receive a bushing 189, Fig. 11, and is traversed to feed the stock to an extent determined by locknuts 233, 234 on a rod 232 by means of a threaded rod 196 carrying gears 205, 207 provided with ratchet rings and driven continuously from gears 82, 83 on the shaft 80. The stock feeding-mechanism is interconnected with the chucking mechanism and in operation a roller on a swinging lever 226 operating the sliding wedge-member 165 is actuated by a cam on a drum 475. The lever 226 actuates another lever 217 to engage a clutch member 206, Fig. 11, with gear 207, the lever 217 being held in position by a spring-pressed plunger. This actuates the spindle 196 to feed the stock until the rod 232 is operated to disengage the clutch-member 206. The stock is now chucked by the actuation of the lever 226 by a second cam on the drum 475, and the lever 226 actuates lever 217 to reverse spindle 196 and so draw back the feed-tube over the stock. The tool-turret 260 carries four slides 261 and one stop position, the slides being fed by a drawbar 265 carrying an actuator adapted to engage studs on the slides, a flange being provided on the actuator to keep all the slides in their outermost position during indexing. The turret is locked by a spring-pressed bolt 279, Fig. 13, coacting with slots on a disc 272, the notch for the stop position being midway between two of the equispaced notches. These notches may be filled by a block if any particular turret positions are not required. The lock-bolt is actuated by a lever 284 keyed to a shaft 286 which is rocked to 'disengage the bolt by an arm 289 carrying a cam 290 actuated from a drum 483. The turret rotating gear comprises a worm 303 slidable against a spring 301 and engaging a worm gear 275. The worm gear is driven through a clutch 305 from a spindle 310 driven from a bevel gear 317 on the continuously-driven constant speed shaft 315. In operation upon disengagement of the locking-bolt a lever 288 releases a latch 291 from a collar 299 on shaft 294 which is thereupon moved axially to engage the clutch 305 and rotate the turret until the locking bolt engages the next notch, whereupon the clutch is automatically withdrawn by axial movement of the driving worm 303. The cam shaft is driven through a shaft 333, Fig. 16, carrying two clutch units A and B. The latter comprises a bevel gear 344 driven at constant high speed from the shaft 315 and which may drive the shaft 333 through a sliding splined friction clutchsleeve 341. A friction-disc 337 is braked by means of a spring-pressed shoe. Clutch unit A comprises a gear 350. and a grooved wedge-ring 352 receiving the shank of a wedge 353 the clutch being hand-operated fram a crank 354. Gears 155 and 161 on the main spindle are geared directly and through an idler respectively with gears 385, 386 on a shaft 380, the arrangement being such that this shaft is driven always in the same direction. A worm 382 on the shaft 380 drives through worm gear and roller-clutch mechanism a shaft which carries a gear 347, Fig. 4, driving a worm 413 engaging a worm gear 480 secured through a safety device 479 to a cam 475 on the main cam shaft 470, Fig. 25. Thus when clutch A is engaged the cam drum is driven at speeds corresponding to the spindle speeds while when clutch B (which may be operated either by hand or automatically by a cam-actuated rod 360) is engaged a fast cam-shaft speed is obtained. If the clutches A and B are in engagement simultaneously the roller-clutch mechanism may overrun so that the higher speed is effective. The tool slides are of the type described in Specification 113,090. The forming slide 444 is actuated from the cam 482 through a lever 440, hexagon shaft 442, and lever 443, while the toolslide 449 is actuated from a cam on the drum 483 through similar lever mechanism. The upper or cut-off tool-slide is also actuated from the drum 483 through lever-mechanism actuating a cam slide which travels on a guide in a bracket 466 and coacts with a roller on the cut-off slide 467. A sprocket-gear 330 on the constantly driven shaft 324, Fig 4, may operate an automatic oiling system to lubricate the working parts. Specification 10830/15 is also referred to.