Patent GB-764312-A (GB)
Title: Process for treating organic film-forming substances to modify the properties of products to be produced therefrom
Inventor: EVANS JOHN GWYNANT
IPC: C08K5/50
Filed: 1954-03-23
Abstract: An organic film-forming substance is modified by intimately incorporating therewith a tetrakis-hydroxymethyl phosphonium salt and/or a tris-hydroxymethyl phosphine oxide.  A mono- or poly-functional compound capable of condensing with formaldehyde may also be added, and an aldehyde may be included as a further modifier. The phosphorus compound, when incorporated with the film-forming material, may be already reacted with the mono- or poly-functional compound or with a condensation product thereof with an aldehyde, but should still contain at least one PCH2OH group.  Specified film-forming substances include regenerated cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose ethers and esters, polyamides such as nylon, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethanes, polyvinyl compounds such as acrylic and methacrylic acid and ester resins, e.g. polymethyl acrylate and polybutyl methacrylate, and polymers and co-polymers of vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol and acrylontrile, epichlorohydrin resins derived from bis(hydroxyphenyl) propane and their drying oil fatty acid esters, alkyd resins such as glycerol phthalate and glycerol maleic anhydride resins, and drying oil- and amine aldehyde-modified alkyds, and synthetic polypeptides and their reaction products with aldehydes.  The products derived from these compositions, e.g. films, fibres, coatings and mouldings, have reduced combustibility and solubility and are more resistant to microbiological attack.  Suitable phosphonium salts are the chloride, bromide, phosphate, sulphate and acetate.  Mixtures of the phosphonium salt and phosphine oxide may be obtained by reacting the salt with a basic compound to convert a minor proportion to the oxide, and this may be effected in situ during the reaction with the film-forming substance.  The compounds may be mixed by dissolving or dispersing the phosphorus compound in a dispersion, solution or melt of the film-forming substance, or by dry or semi-dry mixing.  The mono- or polyfunctional compound which may also be incorporated may be a nitrogen-containing compound, as disclosed in Specifications 740,269, 761,985 and 764,313 or a compound containing a phenolic, keto or acyl group.ALSO:Organic film-forming substances, including proteins and other polypeptides, are modified by intimately incorporating therewith a tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium salt and/or tris hydroxymethyl phosphine oxide.  Reaction occurs, producing relatively light-coloured heat-resistant compounds in which phosphorus is attached to nitrogen.  A mono- or poly-functional compound capable of condensing with formaldehyde may also be added and an aldehyde may be included as a further modifier.  The phosphorus compound, when incorporated with the polypeptide, may be already reacted with the functional compound or with a condensation product thereof with an aldehyde, but should still contain at least one PCH2OH group.  The functional compound may be a nitrogen-containing compound as disclosed in Specifications 740,269, 761,985 and 764,313, [all in Group IV (a)], or a compound containing a phenolic, keto or acyl group.  Specified polypeptides are proteins derived from peanuts, soya beans, corn, cotton seed, flax and wheat; casein, egg albumen, solubilized keratin from feathers and wool, solubilized silk proteins, blood albumens and globulins; degraded proteins such as gelatin and partly hydrolysed proteins; diamido and diaminated protein derivatives; pepsin, trypsin and papain; protamines such as clupein and salmin; and synthetic polypeptides including those containing residues of lysine, serine and tryptoplane.  The polypeptides may also be reacted with an aldehyde. Reaction is generally effected at 20-80 DEG  C. using 0.02 to 0.2 parts by weight of phosphorus compound per weight of polypeptide.  An acidic or basic catalyst may be used.ALSO:Organic film-forming substances, including natural resins, such as gum dammar and shellac, are modified by intimately, incorporating therewith a tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium salt and/or tris-hydroxymethyl phosphine oxide.  A monoor poly-functional compound capable of condensing with formaldehyde may also be added and an aldehyde may be included as a further modifier.  The phosphorous compound, when incorporated with the resin, may be already reacted with the functional compound or with a condensation product thereof with an aldehyde, but should still contain at least one PCH2OH group.  The functional compound may be a nitrogen-containing compound as disclosed in Specification 740,269, 761,985 and 764,313 [all in Group IV(a)], or a compound containing a phenolic, keto, or acyl group.  The resins are rendered less combustible.