baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-999947-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of esters
Inventor: PANTALL DAVID BRIAN
IPC: C07C69/22
Filed: 1962-11-02
Abstract: Direct esterification between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid or anhydride or alcoholysis between an alcohol and a carboxylate ester is performed in the liquid phase in the presence of 0.01 to 10% by weight of "stannous oxide" based on the total weight of the reactants and with the reaction mixture substantially free, i.e. containing less than 0.1% by weight based on the weight of "stannous oxide," of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compounds.  The term "stannous oxide" includes all the allotropic forms of stannous oxide, the hydrated forms of stannous oxide, and those basic stannous salts which may be regarded as complexes or double salts of stannous oxide or hydrated stannous oxide, e.g. the oxychloride.  Preferably the "stannous oxide" is in the form which is obtained on rapidly drying the precipitate formed by the addition of an alkali to an aqueous solution of a stannous salt.  The oxide, which may be used in conjunction with known esterification catalysts, may be prepared in situ in the reaction vessel prior to addition of the esterification or alcoholysis reaction.  Esterification or alcoholysis is preferably effected at elevated temperatures, most preferably at the boiling point of the reaction mixture. Specification 733,870 is referred to.
Patent GB-1185130-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing L-Threonine
IPC: C12P13/08
Filed: 1968-08-30
Abstract: 1,185,130. L-Threonine by fermentation. KYOWA HAKKO KOGYO CO. Ltd. 30 Aug., 1968 [12 Sept., 1967], No. 41567/68. Heading C2C. L-Threonine is produced by culturing a micro-organism (capable of yielding it) and belonging to-the species Escherichia. coli under aerobic conditions in an aqueous nutrient medium containing at least one antibiotic. The antibiotic, which is preferably streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, chlortetracyoline, oxytetracycline, kanamycin, polymycin B or viomycin, may be added (all at once or intermittently) to the medium before the L-threonine that is produced undergoes further conversion, preferably between 8 and 72 hours after initiation of culturing. Specified micro-organisms are Escherichia coli mutants ATCC Nos. 21148, 21149 and 21272, and the effective concentration of antibiotic is between 10 and 1000 mg/l. of medium, and preferably from 10-300 mg/l. when streptomycin is used.
Patent GB-975624-A (GB)
Title: Improved dynamo-electric machine rotor
IPC: H02K9/00
Filed: 1963-10-24
Abstract: 975,624. Cooling for dynamo electric machines. ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURING CO. Oct. 24, 1963, No. 42032/63. Heading H2A. A gas-cooled rotor 13 for a dynamo electric machine comprises a core 17 having arcuately spaced pole portions 21 and longitudinally extending arcuately spaced winding slots 20 with electrical conductors 22 and cooling ducts 25 disposed in the winding slots, and is characterized by longitudinally extending grooves 44 in the pole portions with covers 45 for the tops of the grooves to form thermal balancing ducts for receiving and passing cooling gas to discharge apertures 49 and valve means 50 for controlling the admission of gas into the thermal balancing ducts. In Fig. 1 a hydrogen cooled turbogenerator 10 has a rotor with a blower 19 mounted on it. The blower 19 forces the hydrogen through heat exchangers in the housing 11 of the machine into distribution chambers 33a, 33b at either end of the rotor. Chamber 33a, Fig. 2, is fed via slots 38 in rotor shaft 18 and the gas is then distributed to the cooling ducts 25 of the rotor winding 23 and the thermal balancing ducts 46, the gas being finally discharged in the rotor gap via openings 29, 49. Similarly chamber 33b is fed from chamber 41 and the distribution is as chamber 33a. Channels 53a, 53b are used for cooling the stator 12. The flow of gas into ducts 46 can be controlled by valve 50 so that if a rotor becomes out of balance as its temperature changes, the vibration can be measured, the machine shut down, and the valve 50 adjusted to offset the thermal unbalance without removing the rotor from the stator.
Patent GB-939394-A (GB)
Title: Improved metal-supported electric circuit arrays
IPC: H05K1/05
Filed: 1961-11-24
Abstract: 939,394. Printed circuits. ELECTRALAB PRINTED ELECTRONICS CORPORATION. Nov. 24, 1961 [Nov. 25, 1960], No. 42193/61. Class 37. [Also in Group XXXVII] A printed circuit panel comprises a conductive support carrying conductors insulated from the support by metal oxide. In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 3, an aluminium panel 12 has a layer 14 of aluminium oxide which extends over one edge of the panel and through apertures in it which are thus lined with the oxide. Conductors 16 are connected through the apertures to duplicate conductors beneath the panel. The oxide lining of the apertures may be omitted in order to connect the conductors to an earth formed by the aluminium panel. In one method of manufacturing the device the sheet of aluminium is first drilled to provide the connecting holes 18 (Fig. 2) masked except where an oxide coating is desired and made the anode in an electro-chemical oxide forming bath to provide coating 4. Hole 20 is then ground through to provide the chassis connection. Next the circuitry is formed and this may be done by coating all the surface of the device with a resin preferably an epoxy adhesive 24 which may be cured and coating the surfaces of the adhesive with a thin conductive coating 26. A negative pattern electroplating resist is then deposited on both sides of the panel and the conductor metal for example copper, nickel, gold, silver, tin-lead solder or rhodium is electroplated using a thin conducting coating as the common earth connection. Finally, the plating resist is removed and the exposed conductive film and adhesive are stripped. In modifications the adhesive step is omitted when sufficient coating can be obtained without it and the conductive coating may be applied as an ink or paint which is bonded by firing. The conductive pattern may also be applied directly as a positive by direct or offset printing, stencilling, screen spraying, embossing or brushing and the whole may be fired to compact into the applied pattern. In the rotary switch shown in Fig. 8, contacts 46, 48 are insulated from the switch body 40 by oxide layer 44 which may be built up as at 49, 50 to provide a flush contact surface. The Specification also refers to the use of stainless steel with a magnesium or other oxide coating or magnesium or tantalum sheets with coatings of their own oxides.
Patent GB-1444173-A (GB)
Title: Treatment of grain
IPC: A21D6/00
Filed: 1973-09-07
Abstract: 1444173 Conditioning wheat material FLOUR MILLING & BAKING RESEARCH ASSOCIATION 6 Sept 1974 [7 Sept 1973] 42264/73 Heading A2Q Whole wheat which is to be made into cake flour or a milling intermediate thereof is advantageously processed by (a) drying it to 6 weight % or less of water and (b) heating the dried substance in air to a temperature (T) between 100 and 140‹C for whole wheat and 100 and 200‹C for a milling intermediate thereof at least for a time (t minutes) given by the equations. for whole wheat and: for milling intermediate. The milling intermediate may be semolina which is rehumidified before making into flour.
Patent GB-1359181-A (GB)
Title: Electrophotographic method and apparatus
IPC: G03G5/10
Filed: 1971-09-10
Abstract: 1359181 Electro-photographic process FUJI PHOTO FILM CO Ltd 10 Sept 1971 [12 Sept 1970] 42430/71 Heading G2H An electrostatic latent image on a web 1 having a photo-conductive layer on a conductive backing is developed using charged toner particles and a development electrode; another portion of the web being subjected to corona discharge during the development process to avoid the need for earthing the conductive layer. As shown, web 1 is fed past a first charging device 10, an exposure station 11, a developing station 25 at which developer is pumped through a screen electrode 28 and a second charging device 13; both uniform charging (i.e. sensitizing) and developing thereby being carried out without earthing the conductive layer.
Patent GB-1399349-A (GB)
Title: Process for acylation of dephalosporin esters
IPC: C07D501/60
Filed: 1971-09-11
Abstract: 1399349 Acylation of cephalosporin esters LILLY INDUSTRIES Ltd 7 Dec 1972 [11 Sept 1971] 42454/71 Heading C2C In a method for the acylation of the p-nitrobenzyl ester of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid or 7-aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid with a mixed anhydride, the acylation is carried out at a temperature between - 15 and - 50 C. and preferably between - 25 and - 45 C. The mixed anhydride may be of Formula I wherein R is C 1-4  alkyl ; R<SP>11</SP> is C 1-8  alkyl, or of Formula II or III in which W is S or O, Z is H, lower alkyl (C 1-3 ), CF 3 -, C 1-3  alkoxy, -OY, nitro, -NHR<SP>11</SP>, C 1-3  alkylamino, di-(C 1-3 )alkylamino, Cl, Br or F; X is -(CH 2 ) n -, -OCH 2 -, n is 0 or 1; Y is C 1-4  alkyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl or C 1-4  alkanoyl; and R<SP>111</SP> is of Formula VI, VII, VIII, IX or X A method of preparing cephalexin comprises acylating the p-nitrobenzyl ester of 7-aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid with a nitrogenblocked mixed anhydride of D-phenylglycine, the acylation being conducted between - 15 and - 50 C. and being followed by removal of the amino and carboxyl blocking groups. Suitable amino blocking groups are t-butoxycarbonyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl or an enamine formed by reacting the phenylglycine with an alkyl acetoacetate.
Patent GB-1169788-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Permanent Magnet Systems for the Guidance of Electrons in a Velocity-Modulated Tube
IPC: H01J23/087
Filed: 1967-09-19
Abstract: 1,169,788. Discharge apparatus; permanent magnets. SIEMENS A.G. 19 Sept., 1967 [20 Sept., 1966], No. 42557/67. Headings H1D and H1P. A permanent magnet system for producing a longitudinal magnetic field for a long-focused electron beam in a velocity-modulated tube, in which a plurality of permanent magnet sections 2 are arranged in stacks in stepped fashion along a soft iron bar 1, is characterized in that each stack is secured by a fibre-reinforced strip of hardenable synthetic material coated on its interior face with an adhesive, the strip being wound round the stack and the bar and preferably having a self-adhesive strip 5 wound round it. The permanent magnet sections are preferably of magnetically hard ferrite, and the reinforcing of the strip is preferably of fibre glass.
Patent GB-1433537-A (GB)
Title: Catalyst compositions and their use in polymerising olefins
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1973-09-11
Abstract: 1433537 Supported olefin polymerization catalyst MITSUI PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 11 Sept 1973 [14 Sept 1972 20 March 1973] 42727/73 Heading C3P Olefins are polymerized in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) an organometallic compound of a metal of Groups I to III, and (b) a reaction product of (i) a magnesium dihalidealcohol adduct carrier with, successively (ii) an organometallic compound of a metal of Groups I to III and (iii) a compound of titanium or vanadium. The reaction product (b) need not be separated prior to mixing with (a). Hydrogen may be present to control the molecular weight. In examples, ethylene is homopolymerized or copolymerized with butadiene or butene-1 using catalysts typically comprising (a) Et 3 Al, Bu 2 AlH, and Et 2À5 AlOBu 0À5  and (b) (i) MgCl 2  adducts with MeOH, n-BuOH, C 6 H 5 .CH 2 OH, CH 2 =CH.CH 2 OH, and HO.CH 2 CH 2 OH, (ii) Et 3 Al, Et 2 AlCl, EtAlCl 2 , Et 2 AlOEt, EtAl(OEt)- Cl, EtMgCl, Et 2 AlF and (Et 2 Al) 2 SO 4 , and (iii) TiCl 4 , TiBr 4 , TiCl 4 /VCl 4  and Ti(OEt)Cl 3 . Comparative procedures omit component (b) (ii) or use as (b) (i) MgCl 2 , CaCO 3 , Mg(OH)Cl, Mg(OEt) 2  and MgO.
Patent GB-1120837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to straight bar knitting machines
Inventor: START ERNEST
IPC: D04B11/04
Filed: 1964-10-21
Abstract: 1,120,837. Knitting. WILLIAM COTTON Ltd. 13 Oct., 1965 [21 Oct., 1964], No. 42834/64. Headings D1C and D1K. A knitted fabric referred to as Milan stitch fabric or Milan rib or Milano rib and which is composed of a recurring sequence of courses in which there is provided one course of rib and plain loops in alternating sequence followed by a course knitted on the needles of one bed only and a further course knitted on the needles of the other bed only whereafter the sequence is repeated, is produced on a straight bar rib machine with the aid of elements 9 which take the place of and simulate the action of the frame needles during the feeding of the yarn for the production of the course on the machine needles 4. The frame and machine needles are both operative to knit the rib course whereafter the cam shaft is shogged to render the machine needles inoperative to permit a course of loops to be knitted on the frame needles only. The frame needles are then lowered to retain their loops and are retained so during which the elements 9 are advanced and occupy the spaces normally accommodating the frame needles. The yarn is then presented to these elements and is sunk about them by the sinkers beneath hook portions 9b Fig. 2, provided on their shanks which latter engage the yarn as the elements continue to descend. This action draws the yarn in loops over the sinkers as simultaneously the machine needles advance so that the yarn loops eventually disengage the sinkers and are drawn about the machine needles by the elements 9, Fig. 4. The machine needles continue to advance and are subsequently pressed under the presser edge 20, Fig. 5, after the elements have advanced the new loops under the beards of the needles whereafter the needles are withdrawn to cast off their old loops following which the elements are withdrawn.
Patent GB-1110528-A (GB)
Title: Thienyl acrylic acid derivatives
Inventor: FERRANDO RAYMOND
IPC: C07D333/24
Filed: 1966-09-26
Abstract: Novel sodium and cupric salts of b -(2-thienyl)-acrylic acid are prepared by reacting thiophene with dimethylformamide and phosphorus oxychloride to form thenoic aldehyde which is then condensed with malonic acid to give b -(2-thienyl) acrylic acid and converted to the said salts, e.g. by reaction with a hydroxide or weak acid salt of the metal concerned  Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the sodium or cupric salt of b -(thienyl)acrylic acid as active ingredient, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, are useful for intestinal disinfection.  Animal feed compositions contain the said salts as growth factors.
Patent GB-1480778-A (GB)
Title: Method of treating articles under vacuum conditions with external gas flow
IPC: F27D11/02
Filed: 1974-10-03
Abstract: 1480778 Heat-treating metals; nitriding R A GRAY & CO Inc 3 Oct 1974 42933/74 Headings C7N and C7U [Also in Division B3]  In treating articles the articles are placed in a first chamber connected by an orifice to a second chamber, a vacuum source is connected to the second chamber, a gas is introduced under pressure into the first chamber to maintain a higher pressure therein than inthe second chamber and to cause a gas flow through the orifice, the pressure in the first chamber being 100-10,000 microns and in the second chamber being 10-6700 microns. An apparatus in which the process may be carried out comprises an insulated outer wall 21 Fig. 1 within which is arranged a shell 25 with a removable cover 26 the shell, heated by elements 35, being connected by a conduit 45 to a vacuum pump. A work chamber 28 for enclosing the article arranged within the shell 25 and has a loosely fitting cover 29 providing an orifice 31 connecting the interior of the chamber 28 with the shell 25. A conduit 37 supplies gas under pressure to the chamber 28. Another apparatus comprises a work chamber 49, Fig. 2, within which articles are enclosed, connected to an enclosure 48 by a duct 51, the enclosure 48 being connected to a vacuum source 66 and the chamber 49 being supplied with gas by a conduit from a source 70 of gas under pressure. A cover 64 allows the introduction of articles to the chamber 49 which has a work support 54, heating element 56, a fan 58, cooling elements 60 and heat shields 62. A further apparatus is similar to that of Fig. 2 but is connected, through an orifice in its long side wall, to a pipe communicating with the vacuum source. In operation cast iron and/or ductile iron and/or steel castings are heat-treated and surface prepared to be coated with glass, ceramic &c. by arranging the parts in the work chamber, evacuating both chambers to 50 microns, introducing nitrogen, argon or air into the work chamber to produce pressures of 40-60 or 80 microns in the second enclosure and 250 or 400 microns in the work chamber, and heating to 1800‹F for one hour. As outgassing progresses the gas flow is increased to maintain pressures of 400 microns in the work chamber and 50 microns in the second enclosure. The heaters are turned off and the work chamber is filled with nitrogen or argon for cooling. Parts of alloy steels are heattreated at 1800‹F using a non reactive gas as the introduced gas.
Patent GB-1209326-A (GB)
Title: The preparation of 3-methyl-5-pyrazole carboxylic acid amides
IPC: C07D231/14
Filed: 1967-09-21
Abstract: 1,209,326. 3-Methyl-5-pyrazolecarboxylic acid amides. CARTER WALLACE Inc. 21 Sept., 1967 [27 Sept., 1966], No. 42957/67. Heading C2C. [Also in Division A5] 3 - Methyl - 5 - pyrazolecarboxylic acid amides of the formula wherein R is NH 2  or a radical of a substituted o<SP>r</SP> unsubstituted primary or secondary amine (the compounds in which R in the above formula represents morpholino, piperidono, benzylamino and p-chlorobenzylamino being novel) are prepared by treating ethyl acetopyruvate, dissolved in glacial acetic acid, with hydrazine hydrate, cooling to cause ethyl 3-methyl-5- pyrazole carboxylate to precipitate, reacting said ester with ammonia or primary or secondary amine in stoichiometrically equivalent proportions in an aqueous alcoholic solution, in an excess of the amine, or in aqueous solution containing an excess of the amine or ammonia, flreuxing for 4 to 15 hours and collecting the precipitated amide. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,048,104.
Patent GB-1473775-A (GB)
Title: Double service dispensing tower
IPC: B67D1/00
Filed: 1975-10-21
Abstract: 1473775 Dispensing tower McDONALD'S CORP 21 Oct 1975 [8 Jan 1975] 43184/75 Heading A4T A double service dispensing tower which has access from the front and the rear for filling containers comprises a tower support 10 with a set of dispensing faucets 12 each with a single nozzle, means on the support to guide the containers and manually operable control switches 40, (42-44), Fig. 5 (not shown), at the front and rear of the tower. The guidance is provided by diamond shaped stops 48, Fig. 3, which ensure small and large containers C12, C16 are located under the nozzle 32. The control switches 40, (42) have regular and large dispensing positions, Fig. 6 (not shown). A topping-up switch (43, 45), is provided at the front and rear of the tower. The tower has storage racks 62, 70 above and below the dispensing position for filled containers.
Patent GB-1367116-A (GB)
Title: Sighting instrument for a gun
IPC: F41G1/01
Filed: 1971-09-16
Abstract: 1367116 Sights INGENIORSFIRMAN J L WEIBULL 16 Sept 1971 [23 Sept 1970 3 Nov 1970] 43296/71 Heading F3C A sighting instrument, for mounting on a non- recoiling portion of the elevatable member of a gun, has a rear sight 5 and a front sight 3<SP>1</SP>, the former being attached to one end of an arm and the latter being attached to the other end of the arm. The arm is supported by a member 1 which is mounted on the gun (not shown). An eyepiece cup 6 and a forehead support 7 is provided adjacent the rear sight 5 and radial speed allowance spokes are provided for the front sight 3<SP>1</SP> and may be spaced 30 degrees apart.
Patent GB-1163630-A (GB)
Title: Multiple Twist Spindle.
IPC: D01H1/42
Filed: 1967-09-22
Abstract: 1,163,630. Double-twist spindles. PALITEX PROJECT-CO. G.m.b.H. 22 Sept., 1967 [6 April, 1967], No. 43308/67. Heading D1D. In a double-twist spindle provided with magnets 5, 7 to hold a wind-off bobbin mount 4 and pot 3 stationary while the spindle rotates, the pole face 7a of the magnets 7 fixed to a support means 9 exceeds by at least 25% the pole face 5a of the magnets 5 provided on the pot in the direction of the spindle axis. The effective faces 5a and 7a are preferably magnetized to form poles of alternating polarity in the peripheral direction. The effective pole face 7a is longer in the peripheral direction than the corresponding effective pole face 5a (Fig. 4). The support means may comprise a holder 9 arranged on each side of a separator plate such that magnets 7 held by each holder co-operate with magnets on pots on spindles on opposite sides of the plate 10.
Patent GB-1057452-A (GB)
Title: Photocopying apparatus
IPC: G03B27/16
Filed: 1963-11-05
Abstract: 1,57,452. Contact printing apparatus. GENERAL ANILINE & FILM CORPORATION. Nov. 5, 1963 [Nov. 15, 1962], No.43646/63. Heading G2A. A photographic contact printing apparatus wherein the original and sensitive sheets are fed in contact over a transparent platen where exposure takes place and the light-source is one having unwanted radiation in a particular part of the spectrum, includes a dichroic filter between the light-source and the platen which filter transmits radiation to which the material is sensitive and reflects the unwanted radiation, and a dichroic reflector behind the light-source which reflects the wanted radiation towards the filter and transmits the unwanted radiation. As shown, a contact printing apparatus for diazotype material which is developed by heat comprises a source 7 which emits both ultraviolet and infrared radiations. The dichroic filter 16 reflects the infrared rays but transmits the U.V. radiation to expose the diazo material, which is moved over the platen 9 by belt 10 in contact with the original. The reflector 17 reflects the U.V. rays towards the filter but transmits the I. R. rays. The heat is absorbed by the fins 6 which are cooled by blowing air over them. The exposed material is developed in chamber 20 by means of a heat source 21 and the sheets are returned to the front of the machine by means of deflector 28 and belts 10 and 24.
Patent GB-1436760-A (GB)
Title: Control arrangement for a plastics moulding machine
IPC: B29C37/00
Filed: 1973-09-18
Abstract: 1436760 Injection moulding machines GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 10 Sept 1973 [18 Sept 1972] 43751/73 Heading B5A [Also in Divisions G1 and G3] An injection moulding machine 10 has a barrel 12 surrounded by electrical resistance heaters 18. Plastics pellets from a hopper 40 are moved along the barrel 12 by a rotating screw 22 causing a molten shot 44 to be formed. When the back pressure has moved the screw 22 backwards to a given position, rotation is stopped and the screw 22 is used as a ram to push the molten plastics through a nozzle 16 into a mould 17. Measurements of the linear speed of screw 22 and the hydraulic pressure applied during injection are used to calculate the viscosity of the plastics melt which is then automatically regulated by varying the speed of ramming, the pressure during screw rotation, and the energization of heaters 18. The rotational speed of the screw 22 may also be controlled.
Patent GB-909680-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for reading sound-tracks on cinematographic films
IPC: G03B31/02
Filed: 1960-12-22
Abstract: 909,680. Sound-on-film apparatus. PAILLARD, S. A. Dec. 22, 1960 [Dec. 29, 1959], No. 44084/60. Class 40 (2). A tight-loop sound-head 9, attached to a base member 2 carrying sound apparatus and supporting a kine projector 1, has guide rollers 18, 19 whose axles 22, 25 are each supported by pairs of arms pivoted at 28 and independently sprung by springs 29 such that the axles are capable of limited rocking movement from the axes shown to accommodate slightly non- rectilinear film. The invention is illustrated in conjunction with magnetic, but is stated to be usable also with optical sound.