baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1508446-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing moulded structural foam article having a surface that reproducibly and faithfully replicates the surface of the mould
IPC: B29C43/00
Filed: 1975-07-08
Abstract: 1508446 Moulding foamed thermoplastics UNION CARBIDE CORP 8 July 1975 [9 July 1974 22 May 1975] 28747/75 Heading B5A [Also in Division C3] Thermoplastics articles having a foamed core and an unfoamed skin are moulded with an accurately reproduced surface by introducing a thermoplastics melt containing a blowing agent into a mould at a pressure below the foaming pressure, and while the melt flows into the mould and foams maintaining ano-slip boundary condition between the melt and at least part of the mould surface and maintaining the temperature at the boundary at or above the "replication temperature" of the thermoplastics. Faithful replication of the mould surface is dependent on the existence of the no-slip condition which prevents skid marks and melt fracture defects, and on the temperature being high enough (i.e. the "replication" temperature being reached) to overcome the leading edge problem caused by holes formed by bubbles bursting on the leading surface 32 of the melt 12 causing air pockets to be trapped between the melt and the wall 30 of the mould. At the "replication temperature" the melt sticks to the wall of the mould but melt fracture does not occur, consequently the differential pressure between the upstream and downstream sides of the air pocket and the different flow rates inwardly and outwardly of the air pocket tend to close it into an elongate bubble 34, Fig. 4, and lift it from the mould wall 30. The non-slip condition is determined by the surface of the mould, the melt viscosity (as modified by plasticizers and temperature), the melt strength, the shear rate in the melt (as determined by the injection rate and the number of injection points), and the mould dimensions. The replication temperature is mainly dependent on the viscosity and the pressure of the melt. The plastics material is forced by a screw plasticizer 18, Fig. 1 (not shown), into an accumulator 14 via a three-way valve 16, and discharged back through the valve into the mould 20 which may have a facing of metal foil insulated from the body of the mould by a layer of asbestos. Moulding pressures, temperatures and times are given. Boards and articles such as television cases and sinks are moulded from high and low density polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene /vinyl acetate co-polymer, polystyrene, ABS, polycarbonate, polyamide polyaryl polyhydroxy ether, polysulphone, and acylic resins which may contain glass fibres, pigments and other additives. The blowing agent may be dissolved gases such as N 2 , CO 2 , pentane, methylene chloride, and halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, or chemical agents such as azo compounds, N-nitroso compounds, sulphonyl hydroxides and semi-carbides, and salts and esters of azo-dicarboxylic acid.
Patent GB-999725-A (GB)
Title: A mono-ª‡-olefin and polymers and copolymers thereof
IPC: C08F10/14
Filed: 1961-08-10
Abstract: 3-ethyl-1-heptanal is obtained by reacting 2-ethyl-1-hexene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen.  3-Ethyl-1-heptanol is formed on reduction of the above aldehyde with hydrogen in the presence of Raney nickel.  Its acetate is formed on reaction with acetic anhydride.  Specifications 999,721 and 999,722 are referred to.ALSO:Homopolymers of 3-ethyl-1-heptene and copolymers thereof with another a -olefin are described.  Specified comonomers are styrene, butadiene, ethylene, propylene, butene, pentene, hexene, octene, decene, dodecene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 5-methyl-1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-hexene, 4-phenyl-1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-hexene, 6-methyl-1-heptene, allylcyclopentane, allylcyclohexane and allylbenzene. The catalyst comprises (1) a halide of a transition metal of Group IV, V or VI, and (2) an activator selected from (a) aluminium or a metal of Group IA, IIA or IIB, (b) an alloy of aluminium and a metal of Group IA, IIA or IIB, (c) a halide or organometallic compound of aluminium or a metal of Group IA, IIA or IIB, or (d) a complex hydride of aluminium or boron and a metal of Group IA, IIA or IIB, and optionally (3) an alkali metal halide, magnesium oxide, an aromatic ether, a hydride of Na, K, or Li, an alcoholate of Na, K, Li, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, Al, Ti or Zr or (with alkyl aluminium halides) a tertiary amine or tris-N,N-dialkyl phosphoramide.  Mol ratios of (2) : (1) may be 0.1-12 : 1 and of (1) : (3) may be 1 : 0.1-2 using total catalyst concentrations of 0.1-3%. Temperatures of 0-250 DEG  C. and pressures of atmospheric to 1000 p.s.i. can be used and hydrogen may be present.  Suitable diluents are paraffins, cycloparaffins, aromatic or hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with monomer concentrations of 2-50%.  The polymers, having molecular weights of 1,000-250,000, can be spun into fibres having high softening points generally above 200 DEG  C., and may be modified by incorporation of poly-acrylates, methacrylates, vinyl pyridines, or N-substituted acrylamides as described in Specification 999,721 or polyvinyl acetal resins as described in Specification 999,722.ALSO:3 - Ethyl - 1 - heptene is obtained by reacting 2-ethyl-1-hexene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen to obtain 3-ethylheptanol-1, reducing to 3-ethylheptanol-1, acetylating with acetic anhydride and pyrolyzing. Specifications 999,721 and 999,722 are referred to.
Patent GB-1153104-A (GB)
Title: Regeneration of Solvent in an Extractive Distillation Process
Inventor: EXLEY DAVID WRIGHT
IPC: C07C7/08
Filed: 1967-06-22
Abstract: 1,153,104. Extractive distillation. NEWTON, CHAMBERS & CO. Ltd. 19 June, 1968 [22 June, 1967], No. 28938/67. Heading C5E In an extractive distillation process for the de-aliphatization of an aromatic hydrocarbon feed-stock, e.g. benzene or toluene, by countercurrent contact with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and in which the NMP solvent is separated from the aromatics in the bottoms by distillation and is then re-used, the impure NMP is purified by distilling it from residual matter, contacting it with water, and separating an NMP/water fraction from an impurities fraction. The NMP/water fraction may be re-used as such, or the NMP separated therefrom before re-use. The water-contacting may be achieved by steam distillation.
Patent GB-1117262-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for aligning sheet material blanks
IPC: B31B150/00
Filed: 1966-06-28
Abstract: 1,117,262. Feeding sheets. R. WINKLER, and K. DUNNEBIER. 28 June, 1966 [11 Dec., 1965], No. 28959/66. Heading B6B. Apparatus for aligning sheet blanks such as envelope blanks during e.g. their passage from a blank-making machine to a folding machine, comprises guide means forming an arcuate path 38, Fig. 1, for the blanks, a front pair of pins 18 and a rear pair of pins 22 moved along the path 38 with a blank between them, and means for moving the pins of each pair towards and then away from one another during their travel so as to align the blanks. The pins 18 are carried by levers 16 pivoted at 17 to discs 7 rotatable with a shaft 3 driven in synchronism with the blankforming machine. The pins 22 are carried by levers 20 pivoted at 21 to discs 10 mounted on the discs 7 by means providing for circumferential adjustment so that the distance between one pair of pins and the other pair can be varied. Cams 26 fixed against rotation engage rollers 24 on the levers 16, 20 to cause the relative movement of the pins of each pair as the discs 7, 10 rotate. The pins 18, 22 project through slots 19, 23 in the peripheries of the discs 7 and fixed but adjustable guides 36 co-operate with the peripheries to form the path 38. The periphery of a central disc 9 fixed to the shaft 3 co-operates with a guide 37 carrying apring- urged rollers 40, 40<SP>1</SP>, Fig. 1, and brushes 39 carried by the guides 36 co-operate with guides 35 secured to the cams 26. In operation, a blank B<SP>1</SP> separated from a stream of blanks B by extractor discs 51 passes into the path 38, the timing being such that the blank is in the position shown in Fig. 1, and is not touching the pins. As rotation of the discs 7 continues, the blank is slowed down by friction with the guides, and the brushes 39, and drops back into engagement with the pins 22. The cams 26 now operate the levers 16, 20 so that the pins of each pair move towards one another to align the blank. Before the front edge of the blank reaches the spring-pressed rollers 40<SP>1</SP>, the pins move apart, whereupon the blank passes along guides 63 to rollers 66, 67 conveying the blank to the folding machine. The pivots 17, 21 of the levers 16, 20 may be arranged slightly obliquely instead of being perpendicular to the shaft 3 so that as the pins of each pair move towards one another, the pins 18 move nearer the pins 22. The discs 7 with their cams 26 can be adjusted axially along the shaft by rotating a hand wheel (34, Fig. 3), the shaft (30) of which is coupled by chain-and-sprocket gearing to two chain wheels 12, Fig. 2, which are rotatably coupled to the discs 7. The wheels 12 have right- and left-hand threads engaging similarly threaded fixed sleeves 5, 6.
Patent GB-1157939-A (GB)
Title: Pressure-Sensitive Copying Paper
Inventor: KAISHA FUJI SHASHIN FILM KABUS
IPC: B41M5/136
Filed: 1967-06-23
Abstract: 1,157,939. Phthalan derivatives. HODOGAYA KAGAKU KOGYO K.K., and FUJI SHASHIN FILM K.K. 23 June, 1967 [24 June, 1966], No. 29181/67. Heading C2C. [Also in Division D2] Phthalan compounds are made by subjecting a compound in which each of R 1  and R 2  is an alkyl group of fewer than five carbon atoms or a benzyl group, and R 3  is an alkyl group of fewer than five carbon atoms, to a Grignard reaction with two moles of a reagent: where M is Na, Li or MgX, and X is a halogen, to yield a product: which is then esterified with an alcohol ROH, where R is an alkyl group of fewer than five carbon atoms. In examples, (1) R 1  and R 2  are both methyl, (4) R 1  and R 2  are both ethyl and (7) R 1  is benzyl and R 2  is methyl. In each case R 3  is methyl or ethyl and the starting material is reacted with an excess of phenylmagnesium bromide (or iodide) in ether. In Examples (2), (3), (5) and (6) the products from Examples (1) and (4) are esterified with methyl or ethyl alcohol after adding one drop of hydrochloric acid.
Patent GB-231828-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of tubes for pneumatic tyres and apparatus therefor
IPC: B29C59/02
Filed: 1924-12-06
Abstract: 231,828. Willshaw, H. April 2, 1924, [Convention date]. Air-tubes, making. - In making a lapped joint in rubber tubes, particularly air-tubes for tyres, spring- collars 14, 16 are stretched over the ends of the tube whilst on the vulcanizing mandrel 10. The collars are formed by joining wire helices into bracelets the pressure of which on the rubber forms indentations 22. After vulcanization. the tube ends are severed across the bottoms of the grooves 22, the skived ends 42 are lapped as seen in Fig. 7, and the joint completed under pressure to the form shown in Fig. 8. In the form shown, the tube is turned inside out after stripping from the mandrel. To facilitate the. assemblage of the collars 14, 16 over the tube ends, a taper plug 32, Fig. 2, may be fitted into the end of the mandrel 10, fingers 36 on the plug spanning the end of the tube 12 as shown
Patent GB-911542-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of heat resistant and corrosion resistant polyacrylonitrile fibres
IPC: D06M11/34
Filed: 1961-08-14
Abstract: A fibre made from acrylonitrile polymer or an acrylonitrile copolymer containing not less than 85% mol acrylonitrile and not more than 15% mol of a monovinyl compound is heated at from 180 DEG -550 DEG C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere and then further carbonized or graphitized by heating at 700 DEG -3000 DEG C. in either an inert gas atmosphere, e.g. nitrogen or argon, or in a packing material, e.g. graphite, carbon black or silica.  The heating in an oxygen-containing atmosphere may be effected in two stages, e.g. a first stage at 180 DEG -230 DEG C. followed by a second stage at 230 DEG -550 DEG C.  Specified monovinyl compounds include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine.  The material heated may be in the form of staple fibres, continuous filaments, or other filamentary products, e.g. yarns and woven cloths.ALSO:A heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant fibre is made by heating at from 180 DEG -550 DEG C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere a fibre made from acrylonitrile polymer or an acrylonitrile copolymer made from not less than 85 mol. per cent acrylonitrile and not more than 15 mol. per cent of a monovinyl compound. Specified monovinyl compounds include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine.  After the heating the resulting fibre may be submitted to a further carbonizing or graphitizing treatment, suitably by heating at 700 DEG -3000 DEG C. in either an inert gas atmosphere, e.g. nitrogen or argon, or in a packing material, p  e.g. graphite, carbon black or silica.  The material treated may be in the form of staple fibres, continuous filaments, or other filamentary products, e.g. yarns and woven cloths.  The heating in an oxygen-containing atmosphere may be effected in two stages, e.g. a first stage at 180 DEG -230 DEG C. followed by a second stage at 230 DEG -550 DEG C.
Patent GB-979756-A (GB)
Title: Pouring stands for heavy bottles
Inventor: WADDINGTON ROGOR STRANGE
IPC: B65G65/24
Filed: 1962-07-31
Abstract: 979,756. Bottle stands. WADDINGTON & DUVAL (HOLDINGS) Ltd. Oct. 31, 1963 [July 31, 1962], No. 29306/62. Heading A4T. A pouring stand for a heavy bottle has a frame 1 between the free ends of which is pivotally mounted a bottle clamping ring 2 with (Fig. 2, not shown) a gap 4 and a clamp formed by a screw-threaded rod secured to one side of the gap and passing through an eye 6 on the other to engage a nut 7, the frame also having welded thereto a plate 9 bent to form brackets 10, 11, 12 which engage the bottom of the bottle in its upright position.
Patent GB-1269978-A (GB)
Title: Process for dyeing or printing textile materials which consist of acrylonitrile polymers
Inventor: ENTSCHEL ROLAND
IPC: C09B23/14
Filed: 1969-06-10
Abstract: 1,269,978. Dyeing synthetic materials with styryl dyes. SANDOZ Ltd. 10 June, 1969 [13 May, 1969], No. 29391/69. Heading D1B. [Also in Division C4] Textile materials of acrylonitrile polymers or copolymers, or polyamides or polyesters which are modified by acid groups are dyed, padded or printed with a styryl dye of formula I in which 2 represents the atoms necessary to form an optionally substituted ring, y is a straight or branched optionally substituted alkylene radical, R 1  and R 2  are each hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical, or form a heterocyclic ring with the N atom, V 1  is hydrogen or in conjunction with R 1  or R 2  forms a heterocycle, A- is an anion, the ring D may be substituted by non-watersolubilising groups, the dyes being free of sulphonic acid groups.
Patent GB-319790-A (GB)
Title: An improved coupling between the platen and the line-spacing wheel of typewriting and similar machines
IPC: B41J11/24
Filed: 1929-09-28
Abstract: 319,790. Rheinische Metallwaarenund Maschinenfabrik S÷mmerda. Akt.-Ges. Sept. 28, 1928, [Convention date]. Platen-roller couplings.-In a coupling for the line-spacing wheel, one or more rods mounted in the platen head are arranged on being turned to project therefrom and engage the line-spacing wheel; or the rods may have eccentric parts for projecting coupling-members into engagement with the line-spacing wheel. In the coupling shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the line-spacing wheel a is mounted on the head b and is coupled or uncoupled by rotating slightly a rod c mounted in the head, the ends of the rod being flush with the head and projecting therefrom when the rod is in the uncoupling and coupling positions respectively. The rod is actuated by means of a knob d on a link h connected to a toothed bell-crank g which engages a toothed arm e on the rod, the knob being pushed inwards in opposition to a spring i to release the coupling. The rod may be divided or may be replaced by a pair of parallel rods which also may be divided. In the coupling shown in Fig. 7, the head b is formed with threaded bores receiving threaded rods c<3>, c<4> having spring- connected arms e engaging a cone which is pushed inwards by means of a knob to rotate slightly the rods, the plane or curved ends of the rods being thereby projected into engagement with the linespacing wheel a. In the coupling shown in Fig. 9. a revolvable rod c in the head b is formed with eccentric parts n for projecting coupling-members consisting of rods m, or balls o resting on discs m into engagement with the line-spacing wheel a.
Patent GB-264285-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to wine glasses and the like drinking vessels
IPC: A47G23/03
Filed: 1925-11-23
Abstract: 264,285. Kennedy, J. F. Nov. 23, 1925. Drinking-vessels.-A dripcollecting bowl a with a recurved edge e is attached to the base of a wine glass or like drinking vessel by means of a single spring finger f attached to or integral with the bowl and bifurcated at its end g to embrace the stem h at or near its foot. The bifurcated end may also grip the stem h of the wine glass, if desired. The finger f may be attached by a spring hinge to the edge of the bowl a, or it may be stiffened by means of ribs or flanges to make the finger bend about its junction with the bowl.
Patent GB-711921-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic binder
IPC: C04B28/02
Filed: 1951-12-17
Abstract: A cement comprises a mixture of natural pozzolana or like silica and alumina containing material such as certain coal ashes, and granulated blast furnace slag in such a proportion that the ratio of the total weight of silica to the total weight of calcia is substantially 1.  Optional additions include 1 to 3 per cent. of calcium sulphate and/or a chloride, e.g. that of barium of calcium; 5 to 10 per cent. of Portland cement together with an alkaline salt; 3 per cent. of quicklime; and 0.5 per cent. of another alkaline salt, e.g. ammonium sulphate.
Patent GB-635610-A (GB)
Title: Air and other gas filtration plants
IPC: B01D46/04
Filed: 1947-11-05
Abstract: 635,610. Air cleaners. VOKES, C. G. and VOKES, Ltd. Nov. 5, 1947, No. 29554. [Class 8(ii)] In a gas filter installation of the kind wherein filters are cleaned by periodic agitation and reverse gas flow one or more selected filter units at a time are isolated for cleaning and part of the cleaned air issuing from the units in normal operation is diverted and used as the reverse flow cleaning gas. As shown the installation comprises a casing having a plurality of bays or sections 1, 2, 3, Fig. 2, each containing two filter bags 5 supported by hollow foraminous frames, and the bags are periodically shaken by internal agitators 27, Fig. 6, at the same time as cleaning gas is passed reversely through the bags of whichever unit is being cleaned. In operation dirtladen gas entering at 14 infringes on a baffle 13, Fig. 1, and passes to a space 4 common to the exterior of the bags, i.e. the dirty side. The clean side of the bags is partitioned at 6 into the sections 1, 2, 3, each having connected flap valves 7, 9 leading to a clean gas manifold 8 and outlet 12 and a manifold 10 respectively. The manifold 10 is fed with clean gas from the manifold 8 by a blower 11. The agitators comprise rocking shafts with transverse rappers, one shaft per bag, and are actuated through a common cam shaft 18, cams 19 and spring loaded levers 22. In normal operation each lever 22 is held clear of the cam 19 by a lever 28 actuated by an adjustable cord 32 running on stationary pulleys 33 and attached to a pin 34 so that on operation of a handwheel 30 the valves 9, 7 and the rappers of the unit being cleaned are simutaneously actuated.
Patent GB-410744-A (GB)
Title: Spring saddle pillar for pedal cycles and motor cycles
IPC: B62J1/06
Filed: 1932-10-22
Abstract: 410,744. Spring saddlesupports. BULLEN, H. R., 45, Vernon Avenue, Hillmorton Paddox, Rugby. Oct. 22, 1932, No. 29566. [Class 136 (iii).] In a spring saddle pillar of the type comprising inner and outer telescopic tubes containing a shock-absorbing spring, the joint between the telescopic tubes is protected by a slidable weather cowl. A weather cowl A is secured to the inner tube C carrying the saddle, and is adapted to slide over the upper end of the outer tube B, which is clamped in the cycle frame. Rotation is prevented by a key D secured to the tube B and engaging a slot in the tube C. The opposite wall of the tube C is slit to prevent jamming.
Patent GB-227576-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rail grinding machines
IPC: E01B31/17
Filed: 1923-11-23
Abstract: 227,576. Brooks, T., and Woods- Gilbert Rail Remodelling Co., Ltd. Nov. 23, 1923. Railway and tramway rails, trueing and surfacing in situ; block apparatus. - Rails are ground by opposed reciprocating grinding-blocks 1<a> carried bv a frame 7 mounted on wheels which run on the rails. The blocks are carried by housings 2<a> mounted on a guide 3a and are reciprocated by slotted arms 16 pivoted on a frame 16a and oscillated by crank-pins 17 driven, through gearing 18, 19, and a shaft 6<a>, by a motor mounted on the frame. The pressure of the blocks on the rail is adjusted by adjustable springs 20, which are held in housings 22 on the machine frame 7 and act on pins 21 carrying the guide 3<a>. The machine may be arranged with blocks to act on both rails simultaneously, and may be driven, by ratchet gearing, from the shaft 6<a>. In place of the arms 16<a>, the blocks may be reciprocated by crank-pins and connecting-rods.