baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2010134234-A (JP)
Title: Optical instrument
Inventor: SUZUKI YASUO
IPC: G02B21/06
Filed: 2008-12-05
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the occurrence of illumination unevenness.  <P>SOLUTION: A fly aye lens 14 forms a plurality of light source images by a plurality of convex curves arranged on at least one of side surfaces orthogonal to the optical axis of illumination light made into a parallel luminous flux by a collimator lens 13. The illumination light which has passed through each of the plurality of convex curves of the fly eye lens 14 is transmitted and superimposed on an object surface 21 by a relay optical system including relay lenses 16 and 18 and a condenser lens 20. The fly eye lens 14 is driven along the side surface on which the convex curves are arranged, so as to relatively move the plurality of convex curves of the fly eye lens 14 with respect to the optical axis of the illumination light by a motor 24. The invention can be applied to for instance, a microscope having an optical system using the fly eye lens.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010134761-A (JP)
Title: Vehicle pedal device
Inventor: FUJIWARA MISAKO
IPC: B60T7/06
Filed: 2008-12-05
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle pedal device which can keep a pedal arm from turning toward the back of a vehicle even if a dash panel deformed toward the back of the vehicle is returned toward the front of the vehicle by springback.  <P>SOLUTION: When a pedal bracket 2 moves back as the dash panel 10 is deformed toward the back of the vehicle due to the head-on collision of the vehicle, etc., the vehicle pedal device 1 brings a turning lever 4 into sliding contact with a pressure member 5a and thereby turns the turning lever 4 in the direction in which an operating unit 4c turns toward the front of the vehicle, so as to turn the pedal arm 3 toward the front of the vehicle. An outer peripheral surface 3d of the pedal arm 3 and a projection 4d of the turning lever 4 are so formed that a reaction force R from the pedal arm 3 to the turning lever 4 acts toward a lever rotating shaft 4a, so as to keep the pedal arm 3 from turning toward the back of the vehicle.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2009072206-A (JP)
Title: Method for determining early nucleic acid concentration from real time nucleic acid amplification data
Inventor: NAMKOONG KAK
IPC: G01N21/78
Filed: 2008-12-09
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for determining an early nucleic acid concentration from real time nucleic acid amplification data.  <P>SOLUTION: The method for determining the early nucleic acid concentration from the real time nucleic acid amplification data includes amplifying a nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) extracted from an organism or virus with an enzyme, and then, calculating amplification cycle number or amplification time corresponding to one half of the strength of the maximum fluorescent light signal excluding back ground fluorescent signals, amplification cycle number or amplification time corresponding to the maximum amplification efficiency, and a strength of unamplified nucleic acid fluorescent light signal excluding the background fluorescent signals. Thereby, the early concentration of the nucleic acid can be determined without a differentiation/integration method.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010141502-A (JP)
Title: Image reader, and image forming apparatus
Inventor: MASUMOTO HIDEYUKI
IPC: H04N1/04
Filed: 2008-12-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image reader for reading a range of an original intended in the image reader for conveying an original to read it.  <P>SOLUTION: The image reader has: a pull-out roller 5 for conveying documents; a controller 20 for correcting skew of the original by striking a nip part of an R1 roller part 7 with the original conveyed, detecting a position in the main scanning direction of the original whose skew has been corrected, and determining a read range S when reading the original on the basis of the detection result of the original position; and an image sensor 27 for reading an image displayed to the original and generating image information.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010138438-A (JP)
Title: Molded product of metal glass, and method of producing the same
Inventor: MATSUSHITA KAIN
IPC: H01F1/24
Filed: 2008-12-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing a metal glass formed body which composes a powder magnetic core, and whose strength can be improved.  <P>SOLUTION: The method is used for producing the metal glass formed body composed of: a metal glass; an insulation film composed of an inorganic oxide covering the metal glass; and a mutual diffusion layer present on the grain boundary between the metal glass and the insulation film. The production method includes: a stage where sintering is performed at the glass transition temperature of the metal glass or above and less than the crystallization starting temperature; and a cooling stage where, subsequently to the sintering stage, after cooling is started, during the cooling while lowering temperature, the temperature is held at a constant temperature.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010138296-A (JP)
Title: Polyphenylene ether-based cross-linked composition
Inventor: ARAKI YOSHIFUMI
IPC: C08L71/12
Filed: 2008-12-11
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a thermoplastic polyphenylene ether-based cross-linked composition having good heat resistance, high mechanical strength, and excellent elongation set resistance, and to provide a molded product thereof.  <P>SOLUTION: The polyphenylene ether-based cross-linked composition includes at least (A) a polyphenylene ether; (B) a block copolymer having at least a copolymer block comprising an alkylene unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit as main components or a hydrogenated copolymer block comprising a conjugated diene unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit as main components; and (C) a cross-linking polymer. The polyphenylene ether-based cross-linked composition is cross-linked under melt mixing.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010147676-A (JP)
Title: Apparatus, system and method for processing image, image forming apparatus, and program
Inventor: ONISHI KENJI
IPC: H04N1/387
Filed: 2008-12-17
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image processing apparatus that facilitates embedding various information in additional images.  <P>SOLUTION: The image processing apparatus includes: a means for acquiring dot location information indicating the information to be embedded in a recording medium; a means for acquiring information indicating the output characteristics of the image forming apparatus; a means for selecting one of two or more pieces of dot image data indicating the dots of sizes different from each other corresponding the output characteristics; and a means for generating the additional image composed by arranging the selected dot image data at a position indicated by the dot location information on the basis of the dot location information, which is the additional image formed on the recording medium.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2009148567-A (JP)
Title: Method for grafting porous element for leucodepletion
Inventor: MARMEY PASCAL
IPC: B01D39/16
Filed: 2008-12-19
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for grafting a porous element for leucodepletion by absorption and/or filtration of a biological fluid such as blood or a blood component.  <P>SOLUTION: A method comprises the steps of impregnating the porous element 1 with a solution containing a poly(ethylene oxide) 2 having identical or different functional end groups; and applying an ionizing treatment to the impregnated porous element so as to ensure covalent cross-linking between the poly(ethylene oxide) and the porous element.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010144456-A (JP)
Title: Installation structure for solar cell panel
Inventor: TAKEDA SHIGEKI
IPC: E04D13/18
Filed: 2008-12-19
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an installation structure for a solar panel allowing the adjustment of the installation inclination angle of the solar cell panel for efficiently taking in solar light according to seasons or the like and exhibiting a sun-shade effect for a window.  <P>SOLUTION: The installation structure of a solar cell panel 1 having a square shape is installed above the window 4 formed in a wall face 5 so as to serve also as a window roof. The solar cell panel can be selectively switched between a first using state and a second using state. In the first using state, the rear face 1d of the solar cell panel is set along the wall face above the window, while the bottom side 1b of the solar cell panel is set in the vicinity of the top 4a of the window. In the second using state, the solar cell panel is inclined downward, while the top side 1a of the solar cell panel is positioned downward from the position of the top side in the first using state.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010144152-A (JP)
Title: Organic-inorganic composite molded article
Inventor: FUKUOKA TAKAHIRO
IPC: C08L63/00
Filed: 2008-12-22
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic-inorganic composite molded article which can ensure excellent heat radiation and electric conductivity, even though the rate of an inorganic material to a resin is small.  <P>SOLUTION: The organic-inorganic composite molded article is obtained by immersing a molded article, obtained by compression-molding core-shell particles formed of a core comprising a resin particle and a shell comprising an inorganic material for coating the resin particle, in a liquid curable resin, and then curing the liquid curable resin. In the organic-inorganic composite molded article, the core-shell particles are tightly adhered to each other, and also the shells are tightly adhered to each other to form the passes of the inorganic material in the organic-inorganic composite molded article. Therefore, the heat radiating property and electric conductivity of the inorganic material are efficiently expressed, even though the rate of the inorganic material to the resin is small. Since the molded article is filled with the cured product of the curable resin, the heat radiating property and electric conductivity of the organic-inorganic composite molded article are more efficiently expressed.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010151895-A (JP)
Title: Image forming device
Inventor: TAKATSUKA HIDEKI
IPC: G03G15/00
Filed: 2008-12-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight, compact and low-cost image forming device which is capable of suppressing distortion of a body frame without detriment to the usability with or without an optional device, and is free from the possibility of rollover.  <P>SOLUTION: The image forming device 20 is typically configured such that it has two fixed support legs 26 and 27 for supporting the device body on the bottom face, and a discharge device 21 and a document reading device 22 can be attached to and detached from the device body, and includes, on the bottom face of the device body, one movable support skid 28 for supporting the device body, and a support leg moving mechanism (a hole 23, aperture 29, skid holding member 33, lever 34, spring 36, and stopper 37) that, interlocking with the movement of the gravity center between the position of a first gravity center G of the device body only and the position of a second gravity center G of the device body, the discharge device 21 and the document reading device 22 put together in conjunction with the attachment or detachment of the optional devices, moves the movable supporting legs 28 in the direction to which the gravity center G has moved, in conjunction with the attachment or detachment of the discharge device 21 and the document reading device 22.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2009106777-A (JP)
Title: Attraction system and attraction image providing method
Inventor: NAITO JUN
IPC: G06T13/40
Filed: 2008-12-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an attraction system by which pleasure of a visitor can be improved.  <P>SOLUTION: The attraction system 50 includes: a plurality of divided theaters 64; size changeable theaters 54 whose theater size can be changed between itself and a united theater 66 which is formed by uniting the plurality of divided theaters 64; attraction image providing means providing attraction image providing means to provide an attraction image wherein an image of visitors to be housed in the divided theaters 64 are integrated as cast into the divided theater image, including a divided theater image and a united theater image; and theater control means to change the theater size according to the progress of the attraction image so that the divided theater image is provided by the divided theaters 64 and the integrated theater image by the united theater 66.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010154669-A (JP)
Title: Power transmitter and method for testing the same
Inventor: KAMIYAMA MASAYUKI
IPC: H02J7/00
Filed: 2008-12-25
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power transmitter and a method for testing the power transmitter, efficiently and reliably executing a test for the power transmitter in a noncontact power transmission system.  <P>SOLUTION: The power transmitter 200 includes: a power transmission section 250, a power transmission controller 230, and a test register 216 as a test information setting section. When a first forcible power transmission mode is enabled based on the information set by the test register 216, the power transmission controller 230 controls the power transmission section 250 to continuously drive a primary coil L1 irrespective of the presence or absence of a reception side apparatus. When a second forcible power transmission mode is selected, matching of ID information is omitted in ID authentication processing, and the ID authentication information for reliably setting a power receiver 300 in a power receiving mode is transmitted to the power receiver 300, and a power transmitter 200 invalidates a parameter received from the power receiver 300 and uses a parameter prepared by the power transmitter to execute continuous power transmission.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010152206-A (JP)
Title: Optical interferometer and optical receiver
Inventor: SHIRAISHI TAKASHI
IPC: G02F1/01
Filed: 2008-12-26
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical interferometer achieving temperature stability of a phase.  <P>SOLUTION: The optical interferometer includes: a first branch part for branching input light at least into a first branched light and a second branched light; a second branch part for branching the input light at least into a third branched light and a fourth branched light; a first interference part for causing interference between the first branched light and the third branched light; and a second interference part for causing interference between the second branched light and the fourth branched light. An optical path length difference between two interference lines constituting the first interference part and an optical path length difference between two interference lines constituting the second interference part are fixed with respect to a temperature change in each interference line.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2009160403-A (JP)
Title: Continuous positive airway pressure device
Inventor: DUQUETTE STEVEN
IPC: A61M16/00
Filed: 2008-12-26
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a CPAP device that has a reduced size, improved performance, and/or other benefits with respect to a patient.  <P>SOLUTION: A continuous positive airway pressure system 10 features a housing 16 forming an airway chamber, and an air pressure inlet and an air pressure outlet. The housing 16 further defines internally a pair of tapered air supply jets, and a pair of tapered air receivers. The air receivers are located downstream of the air supply jets and disposed coaxially with respective ones of the air supply jets. Each receiver has a taper in an opposite direction to the direction of the taper of the air supply jets. A pair of nasal cannula is located downstream of the air receiving jets.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010150483-A (JP)
Title: Rubber composition
Inventor: NOGUCHI MASAAKI
IPC: C08K3/36
Filed: 2008-12-26
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rubber composition having high frictional resistance to the surface of ice, the effect of absorbing water on the surface of ice, and high dynamic frictional performance on ice.  <P>SOLUTION: The rubber composition contains silica hollow particulates in rubber so that a portion of the hollow particulates may be exposed. Preferably, the rubber composition contains 1-30 pts.mass of the hollow particulates based on 100 pts.mass of rubber, the hollow particulates having a partition wall in the internal space, an average particle size of 100 μm or less, and a weight per unit volume of 0.15-0.35 g/cm<SP>3</SP>. For example, the rubber composition has a high dynamic friction coefficient to the surface of ice by using it for tread rubber for a studless tire.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2010155213-A (JP)
Title: Minute bubble generation apparatus
Inventor: KATAYAMA HIDEO
IPC: A47K3/00
Filed: 2008-12-26
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a minute bubble generation apparatus stably controlling surplus air volume with simple structure.  <P>SOLUTION: The minute bubble generation apparatus (1) takes in water and air, produces minute bubble-containing water containing minute bubbles and discharges it. The apparatus (1) includes an air introducing part (31) having an intake port (38), an air mixing part (3) mixing taken-in air with water to form air-mixed water, a pressurizing pump (4), a pressurized vessel (10) for bubbling by temporarily storing the air-mixed water under pressure, a discharge nozzle (8), an open/close valve (5c) opening/closing an air flow path, a water level sensor (60), and a surplus air adjusting valve (61). The open/close valve (5c) is closed when the water level becomes lower than a given lower limit position (L) to keep the water level of the pressurized vessel (10) within a given range, and when the water level rises higher than a given upper limit position (H), the open/close valve (5c) is opened.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008533367-A (JP)
Title: インクリメント位置センサの初期設定方法
IPC: F02D45/00
Filed: 2006-03-14
Abstract: 自動車のスタート時に、インクリメント・センサ・アセンブリが、最新の既知インクリメントに関してマイクロコントローラに問い合わせる。最新の既知インクリメント・データは、センサを逆方向に回転させて、下方機械的停止位置に到達させるか、または、順方向に回転させて、上方機械的停止位置に到達させるのに用いられる。タイマが、センサを監視して、所定の時間期間内に、既知停止位置の１つに到達することを確認するか、あるいは、システム検査を実施して、どんなエラーが生じたかを確認する。センサが既知停止位置の１つに到達すると、インクリメント・カウンタがリセットされ、センサ・アセンブリが通常動作を開始する。
Patent JP-2008534793-A (JP)
Title: 布製品の連続インクジェット仕上げ処理のための組成物
IPC: D06B11/00
Filed: 2006-03-22
Abstract: コンティニュアスインクジェット技術によって布地の基材に付着を行うための仕上げ処理組成物が提案される。この組成物は、媒体に機能的仕上げ処理剤の分散液あるいは乳液を含み、吐出された組成物は５００μＳ／ｃｍより大きな導電性を有する。この仕上げ処理組成物の分散液あるいは乳液中の粒子のサイズは約５ミクロン未満である。これらの粒子を確実に充分に細かくすることにより、効果的で信頼性の高い液滴付着をノズルの詰まりなしに行なうことができる。
Patent JP-2008535230-A (JP)
IPC: H01L27/12
Filed: 2006-04-18
Abstract: The invention relates to a method of bonding together two wafers made of materials selected from semiconductor materials by providing two wafers each having a surface that is suitable for molecular bonding; and conducting plasma activation of at least one surface of one of the wafers by directing plasma species onto the surface(s) being activated while controlling activation parameters of the plasma to provide kinetic energy to the species sufficient to create a disturbed region of controlled thickness beneath the surface(s) being activated. Advantageously, the surface of each wafer is activated for optimum results while the controlling of the activation parameters also serves to control the maximum depth of the disturbed region in the surfaces. During plasma activation, the activation parameters are controlled to modify the kinetic energy of the species contained in the plasma in order to create one or a plurality of disturbed regions of controlled thickness in the thickness of a surface region of the wafer(s) whose surface is being activated.
Patent JP-2008535444-A (JP)
Title: 無線ネットワーク内における複数無線インターフェイスの使用
IPC: H04W72/02
Filed: 2006-04-05
Abstract: 複数のチャネル上においてデータを伝送するシステム及び方法について記述している。本システムは、空きチャネルを判定し、そのチャネル上においてデータを伝送している。いくつかの例においては、空きチャネルの識別の前に、データをフォーマットしている。その他の例においては、空きチャネルの識別の後に、データをフォーマットしている。
Patent JP-2008536841-A (JP)
Title: ３，４−ジヒドロ−ベンゾ［ｅ］［１，３］オキサジン−２−オン
IPC: C07D263/57
Filed: 2006-04-13
Abstract: 例えば、ヒトマクロファージ遊走阻害因子活性のメディエーターである３，４−ジヒドロ−ベンゾ［ｅ］［１，３］オキサジン−２−オン。
Patent JP-2008540027-A (JP)
Title: 食器洗浄機用換気システム
IPC: A47L15/46
Filed: 2006-05-16
Abstract: 【解決手段】密封可能なチャンバ（１０）と、密封可能なチャンバ（１０）用のドア（１２）であって、開放位置においてチャンバ（１０）にアクセス可能となるドア（１２）と、ドア（１２）が閉鎖位置にあるとき、密封可能なチャンバ（１０）から空気を逃がすための換気装置と、を有し、前記換気装置はベントフラップ（１１）を含み、このベントフラップ（１１）は前記換気装置を密封する閉鎖位置から、空気を逃がす開放位置まで可動であることを特徴とする装置。この換気装置により、食器洗浄機のような装置が閉鎖したまま、ある制御方法で不要な空気を排出したり、蒸発させたりすることが可能となる。 【選択図】図２ａ
Patent JP-2008542463-A (JP)
IPC: C08K5/5455
Filed: 2006-05-18
Abstract: Elastomer isoprene rubber compositions contain an effective amount of a polyfunctional coupling system (A) as an inorganic-elastomer filler coupling agent, and (B) at least one elastomer of natural or synthetic rubber; (C) an inorganic filler as reinforcing filler; (D) other conventional constituents or additives comprising one or more vulcanizing agent(s), the polyfunctional coupling system being of the constituents (A1) and (A2): (A1) is at least one coupling agent selected from among the functionalized organosilicon compounds of formula (I): [(G0)3SiO1/2]m[(G0)2SiO2/2]n[G0SiO3/2]o[SiO4/2]p[(G2)a(G1)a'(Z-CO-N=N-CO-A)SiO(3-a-a')/2]q and (A2) is at least one coupling agent selected among polysulfurated "symmetric" silanes, or sulfurated "asymmetric" silanes.
Patent JP-2008544459-A (JP)
IPC: F02P13/00
Filed: 2006-03-23
Abstract: A spark plug for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle; the spark plug is embodied with a generally essentially long shape and includes: an essentially capacitive lower part including two coaxial electrodes, one of which is a central electrode, and the other a threaded shell for screwing in the spark plug on the engine; and an essentially inductive upper part including a central winding including a plurality of coils wound around a coaxial mandrel, an envelope, and an insulator inserted between the envelope and the winding. The essentially capacitive part and the essentially inductive part are mechanically interconnected as to enable transmission of a clamping couple applied to the envelope to the essentially capacitive lower part. The mandrel can be elastically deformed as to compensate effects of dilation of the insulator.
Patent JP-2009507524-A (JP)
Title: 変形マップに制約を課す方法およびそれを実装するためのシステム
IPC: A61B6/03
Filed: 2006-07-21
Abstract: 変形マップに制約を課すシステムおよび方法。この方法は、２つの画像間の変形マップを生成するステップと、それらの画像の一方において限定された構造を特定するステップと、変形ベースの限定された構造を作り出すために、限定された構造を一方の画像から他方の画像に関連付けるように変形マップを適用するステップと、変形ベースの限定された構造を変更するステップと、変形ベースの限定された構造を変更するステップに応答して変形マップを更新するステップとを含む。
Patent JP-2009503202-A (JP)
Title: ハロブチルエラストマー
IPC: C08F8/00
Filed: 2006-08-02
Abstract: 本発明は、酸素または硫黄ベース求核試薬のアルキル金属塩の存在下、相間移動触媒、特に臭化テトラブチルアンモニウムまたは塩化トリオクチルメチルアンモニウムを用いた無溶媒条件下での、ブチルエラストマー、特にハロブチルエラストマーの改質に関する。本発明での使用のための好適な求核試薬には、適切な水酸化物塩基での中和によって製造される、第三ブチル酢酸、ステアリン酸、安息香酸、４−（ジメチルアミノ）安息香酸、アントラセン−９−カルボン酸、リノール酸またはそれらの混合物の金属塩が含まれる。
Patent JP-2009503426-A (JP)
Title: 過熱蒸気を生ぜしめるための方法及び装置
IPC: F22B1/02
Filed: 2006-05-23
Abstract: 本発明は、過熱蒸気を生ぜしめるための方法及び装置に関する。本発明によれば、過熱が技術的に不可能であるか又は限定的にしか可能ではないメイン装置内で、主に飽和蒸気又は湿り蒸気を生ぜしめ、この飽和蒸気又は湿り蒸気をサブ装置内で過熱し、この際にサブ装置の過熱器をメイン装置の蒸気生成に関連して制御するようにした。
Patent JP-2009505392-A (JP)
Title: 発光素子及びその製造方法
IPC: H01L33/32
Filed: 2006-08-07
Abstract: 本発明は、一方の面に複数の発光セルが接続された発光セルブロックを備える第１の半導体基板と、一方の面に整流ブリッジ部を備え、且つ、他方の面が前記第１の半導体基板の他方の面とボンディングされる第２の半導体基板と、前記第２の半導体基板の一方の面に接するように第２の半導体基板とフリップチップボンディングされるサブマウント基板とを備え、前記発光セルブロックには、前記整流ブリッジ部により所定の整流電源が印加されることを特徴とする発光素子を提供する。またさらに、発光素子の製造方法を提供する。本発明による発光素子及びこの製造方法は、フリップチップ構造の発光素子の内部に整流回路を集積化することにより、交流電源から発せられるチラツキ現像を極力抑え、交流電源の電圧変化があっても一定の明るさを維持できるというメリットがある。また。素子の内部に整流回路を設けることから、別途の補助装置を取り付けるという煩雑さがなく、空間活用度及び光出力が向上する。 【選択図】      図９