Patent GB-509905-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the automatic control of heating plant employing automatic stokers
IPC: F23N1/00
Filed: 1938-01-24
Abstract: 509,905. Automatic control systems; thermal switches. METALS & CONTROLS CORPORATION. Jan. 24, 1938, No. 2327. Convention date, Jan. 26, 1937. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Group XXXVII] Temperature.-A heating system, using a furnace automatically stoked under the control of a room thermostat, includes an additional control, for the purpose of maintaining some fire at all times, which regulates the intermittent operation of the stoker when the room thermostat does not demand heat in such a way that the first period of rest after an operation of the stoker under room thermostat control is of a length dependent on the period of that operation. Connected in parallel with the room thermostat is a thermal switch which is heated electrically during operation of the stoker motor, the time taken by the switch to cool to a closed condition thus depending on the period of heating. The circuit arrangement is shown in Fig. 10. Supply mains 171, room thermostat 173 and stoker motor 169 are connected to terminals on the control device. This comprises a thermal switch of the snapaction-disc type which at an adjustable low temperature actuates two insulated contacts 29, 30 bridging separate pairs of switch contacts 35, 37 and 45, 47. The latter contacts are in parallel with the room thermostat and the former in a series circuit comprising a resistance 109, and a second thermal switch consisting of a bimetallic element 53 and a light spring element 55. Resistances 131, 133 in series are in parallel with the stoker motor. The second thermal switch is closed at an adjustable low temperature to short circuit the resistance 133. The resistances heat the thermal switches. When the room thermostat is not calling for heat the stoker motor is switched on through contact 30, and resistance 109 (through contacts 53 and 29) and resistance 131 heat up the switches at a maximum rate. The thermal switch contacts 29, 30 consequently open at a definite temperature (which is not adjustable), and to adjust the " on " period to suit the furnace conditions the opening temperature of the second thermal switch 53, 55 is made variable; when this switch opens the resistance 133 is put in series with resistances 131 and 109, thus prolonging the time taken for the contacts 29, 30 to open the resistance circuit and stop the motor. The " off " period which now begins lasts until the switch 29, 30 has cooled sufficiently to close, and is variable, by an adjustment provided for this switch, to suit the furnace conditions. When the room thermostat calls for heat it will energise the stoker motor and heat resistance 131, thus raising the temperature of the thermal switches. The time taken for the switch 29, 30 to cool again to the temperature required to start the fire-maintaining action of the stoker motor will thus depend upon the period of stoker operation under room thermostat control. The construction of the thermal switches is shown in Figs. 5 and 9. They are mounted in a casing 17 the rear of which is closed by the heating resistances, wound on mica plates and sandwiched between insulated steel plates. The contacts 29, 30 are carried by a disc 27 guided by studs 31 fixed in a bracket carrying notched pillars 21 retaining in position a composite dished thermal element 23 connected by a shaft 25 to the disc 27. The temperature at which the disc 23 will snap the contacts 29, 30 into closed position is determined by a screw 65 which is adjustable in a screwed bush 63 by means of a sealed knob 67 co-operating with an index on a mounting plate 1 which carries the casing 17. The fixed contacts of the switch are secured to terminals fixed in the sides of the casing. The bimetallic element 53 of the second thermal switch and the spring 55 are secured respectively to the switch contacts to which they are connected and carry mating contacts 57, 59. A porcelain member 89 carried by a spring element 87 loosely secured to a bracket 83 may be adjusted to determine the opening temperature of the switch by a screw 75 bearing on the member 87 and similarly arranged to the screw 65.