Patent GB-1163920-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Hydropneumatic Suspension Systems
IPC: F16F9/084
Filed: 1966-12-16
Abstract: 1,163,920. Self-levelling hydropneumatic suspension systems. FICHTEL & SACHS A.G. 16 Dec., 1966 [17 Dec., 1965], No. 56440/66. Heading F2S. A hydropneumatic suspension system, which maintains a constant height independent of the vehicle load comprising a cylinder 2 with a work chamber 16 containing a liquid, a gas cushion 17 adjacent the work chamber and separated from the latter by a movable wall 14, a plunger 9 plunging into the work chamber, a reservoir of liquid, not shown, a regulating pump between the reservoir and the work chamber and a return-flow connection between the reservoir and the work chamber, is characterized in that there is fixed to the plunger, outside of the cylinder, a cup-shaped container 3 open towards the cylinder, the open end of which container is connected via a roller bellows 4 with the cylinder, and the chamber, bounded by the container 3 and the bellows 4, forming a pressure chamber for the gas cushion. When the piston 9 descends in the inner cylinder 2 hydraulic liquid, equal to the volume displacement of the piston rod 7 penetrating into the working space 16 of the cylinder 2, is forced from the. working space 16 through a duct 15 and into a lower annular space between the cylinder 2 and an outer cylinder 1, and gas in a resiliency chamber 17 is compressed and enters an upper annular space between the cylinders 1, 2 the liquid and gas respectively in the lower and upper annular spaces being separated by a floating piston 14. The piston rod 7 has a bore 8 which communicates, through a flexible pipe 6 with the high-pressure liquid reservoir and, by means of a spring-loaded valve 12 having a long stem, and a radial bore 22, with the upper pumping space 18 of the cylinder 2, a longitudinal groove 13 being provided in the lower end of the inner cylinder 2. After a predetermined descent of the piston 9 the valve stem 12 strikes the base of the cylinder 1 and the valve 12 is opened against its spring so that highpressure liquid can flow from the reservoir, not shown, through the bore 8, past the valve 12, through the radial bore 22, along the groove 13 and, into the working space 16. The piston rod 7 moves out of the cylinder 1 and the separating piston 14 is moved upwards to force gas back into the resiliency chamber 17 through the aperture 19 and raise the vehicle body until the valve 12 rises from the base of the cylinder 1. If the load on the vehicle is relieved so that the piston 9 works in the cylinder 2 above the groove 13 inward travel of the piston 9 causes liquid to flow through ports 10 in the piston 9 and past check valves 11 into the upper pumping space 18. During outward movement of the piston 9 the check valves 11 are closed, liquid pressure raising the valve 12, so that liquid is pumped back to the reservoir and the vehicle chassis is quickly pumped down to its mean position where the pump chamber 18 is connected to the working chamber 16 through the groove 13. Due to near equality of pressures the piston rod seal may be merely an oil wiping ring. The roller bellows 4 is secured to a bead 20 in the container 3 by a member 5. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), when the piston (9) descends in a cylinder (2) it passes over the narrower portion of a hollow metering rod (24), which extends from a high-pressure reservoir (25) in the base of the cylinder (1) and into the bore (8), so that fluid can pass from the reservoir (25) through the pipe (24) and into the bore (8) from where it escapes past the space between the piston bore and the metering rod (24) into the working chamber (16) to push the operating and separating pistons (9, 14) upwards and return the vehicle body to its mean position. Pumping takes place when the piston (9) works over the larger part of the metering rod (24) the radial bore (22) being provided with a resilient check valve (23). In a further modification. Fig. 3 (not shown), high pressure fluid flows into the working chamber (16) to extend the system when the piston (31) works over the narrower portion of a hollow pump piston (27) which is carried by a valve plate (26) at the base of the cylinder (2), which is connected to the annular space between the cylinders (1, 2) by a duct (15), and which has a check-valve (28) at its upper end. A stop (29) carried by a spring at the upper end of the pump piston (27) is pressed into abutment with a spring-loaded valve (30) to free the duct (6) leading to the high-pressure reservoir. Liquid is pumped back to the reservoir when the piston (31) works over the larger diameter portion of the pumping piston (27).