baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CN-1236833-A (CN)
Inventor: WEN YUEFANG
IPC: D01F9/08
Filed: 1998-05-22
Abstract: 一种Al 2 O 3 －SiO 2 复合纤维前驱体纺丝液的制备方法,是以正硅酸乙酯在醇存在下与聚合结构的铝溶胶有冰醋酸的催化下发生水解聚合反应制得复合加硅铝溶胶为主要特点的纺丝液配制新工艺,所得纺丝液稳定,透明,流动性好,配制工艺简单,操作方便,保证了Al 2 O 3 －SiO 2 复合纤维的物理性能,纺丝液可在较长时间内贮存不变质,更加适宜于工业生产。
Patent CN-1213770-A (CN)
Inventor: JANSA FRANK
IPC: G01D11/12
Filed: 1998-10-03
Abstract: 为了可靠并持久地防止指针相对于指示值的不良摆动,尤其对于由于其工作地点而处于所谓的振荡力作用的模拟测量仪器来说,提供一种测量仪器活动部件的阻尼装置,为了阻尼活动部件,阻尼单元(13)由一位置与活动部件有一段距离的阻尼转子(15)构成,阻尼转子和活动部件联结并由后者驱动,并且可活动地安装在一充满粘性润滑油(16)的空间(17)里。
Patent CN-1220524-A (CN)
Title: 采用单一基准时钟信号的直接转换接收机
Inventor: UCHIDA JUN
IPC: H03D7/16
Filed: 1998-12-10
Abstract: 一种直接转换接收机,它包括用于产生基准时钟信号的基准时钟信号发生部分。放大部分放大所接收的信号并从放大后的信号中提取所要信号。时钟信号发生部分根据分频数据对基准时钟信号分频以产生第一和第二提取基准时钟信号。提取部分从所要信号和第一、二提取基准时钟信号中提取数据。控制和处理部分向提取基准时钟信号发生部分输出分频数据并根据与基准时钟信号对应的控制部分时钟信号进行数据处理。
Patent CN-1216205-A (CN)
Title: 短消息回应的路由寻址
Inventor: TARNANEN TEEMU
IPC: H04W88/18
Filed: 1998-01-02
Abstract: 本发明涉及一种数字移动系统以及一种在数字移动系统中通过短消息网关应用(3)为短消息寻址路由的方法。本发明公开了一种装置,该装置提供给用户回应短消息的透明路由。利用网关应用中所生成的标识短消息回应的标识符,通过动态数据库(4)将短消息回应路由寻址到连接到系统的网关应用中的始发源地址。
Patent CN-1253143-A (CN)
Title: 芳基黄原酸胍盐作为硫化促进剂的应用及其制备方法
Inventor: FOLUE T
IPC: C07C279/18
Filed: 1999-10-29
Abstract: 本发明涉及芳基黄原酸胍盐作为硫化促进剂的应用,以及它的制备方法。
Patent CN-1298109-A (CN)
Title: 一种耐温塑料光纤预制棒的制备方法
Inventor: LIU XINHOU
IPC: G02B6/10
Filed: 1999-12-02
Abstract: 本发明属于光信息通信的多媒体材料技术领域,特别涉及耐温塑料光纤制备方法。将含有重量百分比浓度为0.1%—1%的偶氮类或过氧化物类引发剂、及摩尔浓度为0.003M—0.02M硫醇类链转移剂的甲基丙烯酸酯类单体与N－烷基马来酰亚胺类单体的混合液灌入玻璃管内,其中,两单体的重量比例为2/1—6/1,在温度60℃—90℃下反应24—48小时;利用有机高分子共聚物空心管,采用界面/凝胶聚合原理,改变上述反应原料配比,再加入掺杂剂,最终得到耐温性能提高的突跃型和渐变型塑料光纤预制棒。
Patent CN-1291362-A (CN)
Title: 双频带天线装置
Inventor: BLOM C G
IPC: H01Q1/24
Filed: 1999-01-14
Abstract: 一种至少在两个频带工作的无线电通讯设备的天线装置有螺旋天线元件(11),用于一个频带,和杆状天线元件(12),用于另一个频带,该螺旋天线元件(11)与无线电通讯设备的电路电流连接。杆状天线元件(12)位于螺旋天线元件(11)的外侧,并有一全部或部分地环绕螺旋元件(11)或其延伸部的供给部分(19)。另一杆状天线元件与供给部分电流连接,两个杆状天线位于螺旋天线元件(11)对置侧。
Patent CN-1305669-A (CN)
Title: 在移动通信系统中带或不带第二同步字的信号解码
Inventor: DENT P W
IPC: H04L7/08
Filed: 1999-05-13
Abstract: 一种时分多址(TDMA)无线通信系统(100)提供被移动站(130)利用和不利用第二同步字(214)解码的信号。无线通信系统包括至少一个基站(102,104)在连续时隙(202,204,206)期间发送无线信号,时隙包括当前时隙(202)和后续的时隙(204)。无线信号包括一种发送后续的时隙是否被保证的指示。系统进一步包括至少一个移动站,依据指示接收无线信号。
Patent CR-20150629-A (CR)
Title: Compuestos químicos
Inventor: AKHTAR NADIM
IPC: C07D471/04
Filed: 2015-11-30
Abstract: La invención se refiere a compuestos de Fórmula (I)o sales farmacéuticamente aceptables de estos, donde R1-R5 tienen cualquiera de los significados que se definen anteriormente en la descripción de la presente; a procesos para su preparación, a composiciones farmacéuticas que los contienen y a su uso en el tratamiento de trastornos proliferativos celulares.
Patent CR-20190427-A (CR)
Title: Novel bispecific antigen binding molecules capable of specific binding to cd40 and to fap
Inventor: UMAÑA PABLO
IPC: C07K16/40
Filed: 2018-04-03
Abstract: The invention relates to novel bispecific antigen binding molecules, comprising (a) at least one antigen binding domain capable of specific binding to CD40, and(b) at least one antigen binding domain capable of specific binding to a target cell antigen,La invención se refiere a nuevas moléculas de unión a antígeno biespecíficas, que comprenden (a) al menos un dominio de unión a antígeno capaz de unirse específicamente a CD40 y (b) al menos un dominio de unión a antígeno capaz de unirse específicamente a un antígeno de célula diana, en particular, proteína de activación de fibroblastos (FAP) y a métodos para producir estas moléculas y a métodos para usar las mismas.
Patent CR-20220440-A (CR)
Title: Azole derivative, method for producing azole derivative, agent for agricultural and horticultural use, and industrial material protection agent
Inventor: KOUGE TOMOYUKI
IPC: C07D403/12
Filed: 2021-03-05
Abstract: The present invention provides a plant disease control agent which has low toxicity to humans and animals and excellent handling safety, while exhibiting an excellent controlling effect on a wide range of plant diseases and a high antibacterial activity against plant pathogenic bacteria. The present invention is a compound represented by general formula (I), an N-oxide thereof, or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof.
Patent EC-SP034775-A (EC)
Title: Moldes de soplado giratorios de cavidad doble y parisons multiples
Inventor: CARGILE DAVID W
IPC: B29L22/00
Filed: 2003-09-24
Abstract: Uno de los objetivos de este invento es proporcionar un nuevo molde para moldeo por soplado que aumente la capacidad de las máquinas de moldeo por soplado. Otro objetivo es proporcionar un nuevo molde para moldeo de soplado que aumente la capacidad de las máquinas existentes de moldeo por costos de capital. En resumen, este invento intenta proporcionar un molde para moldeo por soplado en el cual cada molde tenga dos o más cavidades, cada una alimentada respectivamente por dos o más parisons. Cada cavidad alimentada por un parison separado podría, en si misma, contener dos o mas cavidades articulares alineadas con el parison.
Patent EC-SP044998-A (EC)
Title: Pirrolo pirimidinas como agentes para la inhibicion de proteasas de cisteina
Inventor: BETSCHART CLAUDIA
IPC: C07D519/00
Filed: 2004-03-01
Abstract: La invención proporciona compuestos de la fórmula I o una sal o éster farmacéuticamente aceptable del mismo, en donde los símbolos tienen los significados definidos, que son inhibidores de la catepsina K y encuentran uso farmacéuticamente para el tratamiento de enfermedades y condiciones médicas en las cuales está involucrada la catepsina K, por ejemplo varios trastornos que incluyen inflamación, artritis reumatoide, osteoartritis, osteoporosis y tumores
Patent EC-SP982648-A (EC)
Title: Terraja de extrusion
Inventor: HECK ERNST
IPC: A21C3/04
Filed: 1998-08-28
Abstract: La presente invención describe una terraja de extrusión que comprende un diafragma de alimentación que se abre sobre una cámara de distribución que se comunica por una parte con un conducto de extrusión central, generalmente cónico convergente, por intermedio de un diafragma central circular de preexpansión y/o disminución, y se comunica por otra parte con un conducto de extrusión tubular coacial, generalmente cónica convergente, por intermedio de un diafragma anular de preexpansión y/o disminución, los conductos de extrusión central o tubular coaxial, presentan orificios de salida respectivos central y anular concéntricos.
Patent FI-20000409-A (FI)
Inventor: POLVI VEIKKO
IPC: C22C5/08
Filed: 2000-02-23
Abstract: A method for making a joint between copper or copper alloys and austenitic steel alloys, in which method in between the junction surfaces of the objects to be joined together, there is arranged at least one intermediate layer, so that the junction surfaces, including their intermediate layers, are pressed together, and at least the junction area is heated in order to create a diffusion joint. In the method, there is brought a first intermediate layer (3) on the junction surface of the steel object (2) or against said surface, in order to activate the creation of the diffusion joint.
Patent FI-20165813-A (FI)
Inventor: KUOPANPORTTI HANNU
IPC: B02C19/00
Filed: 2016-10-27
Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for comminuting of material The apparatus comprises a first conveyor structure (CI) with a first conveyor surface (Bl), a second conveyor structure (C2) with a second conveyor surface, and in which apparatus the first conveyor surface (Bl) and the second conveyor surface (B2) are set facing each other. The conveyor surfaces (Bl, B2) are arranged to define a comminuting space (GS) in the apparatus, The apparatus has means (MIA, M2A) for bringing the conveyor surfaces in a movement in the direction of movement D where the two conveyor surfaces (Bl, B2) placed to face each other are arranged to move from a first end (El) of the conveyor structures towards a second end (E2) of the conveyor structures. The conveyor surfaces positioned to face each other are placed in a convergent manner so that the gap between the conveyor surfaces (Bl, B2) narrows when examined in the movement direction (D) of the conveyor surfaces, so that the advancing movement of the conveyor surfaces is arranged to bring about compression in the material being comminuted. In the invention, the conveyor surfaces (Bl, B2) are in a double-converging manner so that in addition to said convergence in the movement direction, the conveyor surfaces are additionally placed in a convergent manner so that the gap between the conveyor surfaces (Bl, B2) also narrows in the transverse direction (TD) in relation to the movement direction, said comminuting space (GS) thus becoming double- converging.
Patent FR-1603515-A (FR)
Title: Regeneration of catalysts used in the hydro-treatment - of sulphurous hydrocarbon charges containing metallic
IPC: B01J23/90
Filed: 1968-11-05
Granted: 1971-05-03
Abstract: The catalyst, containing at least one Group VI and VIII metal or metal compound, is regenerated by (1) burning the carbon deposits using an oxygen containing gas and (2) washing the resulting catalyst with oxalic acid soln., preferably aqueous solution. Suitable catalyst metals aree molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, iron, platinum, palladium or iridium.
Patent FR-1604144-A (FR)
Title: Cerebrospinal meningitis vaccine
IPC: A61K39/095
Filed: 1968-01-29
Granted: 1971-07-12
Abstract: Vaccine against human cerebrospinal meningitis. Microbial strains isolated during an epidemic are separately cultured in vitro by conventional methods, then passaged (48 hrs) several times (pref. 5-6) in the allantoic cavity of the 7-10 day-old chick embryo. Subcultures of the allantoic fluid are used to inoculate industrial cultures. The product is centrifuged, the microbial pellet resuspended, the organisms inactivated (heat, phenol, CH2O, etc.) and then made up into vaccine doses (5-30 strains) contng. 10 billion dead organisms in 0.1 ml., finally lyophilised. Concd. cultures can be obtd., e.g. 500-100 billion organisms per ml., permitting a single intradermal injection of 0.1 ml. of vaccine.
Patent GB-1029081-A (GB)
Abstract: 1,029,081. Lathe tools. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Jan. 7, 1964 [Jan. 7, 1963], No. 707/63. Heading B3B. A lathe tool comprises a steel shank 1, Figs. 1-3 (not shown), a tungsten carbide tip 2, and a wedge 3. The tip is secured to a seat 4 by a pin 5, and the wedge is secured by a screw 6. The clamping surface 7 of the wedge, and the clamping surface 11 of the shank, are undercut. In a modification, two wedges 17, 18 are provided, Fig. 4 (not shown). The tip may be of square, triangular, or hexagonal shape, and the tool may be right or left-handed, have positive or negative rake, and may also have a chipbreaker.
Patent GB-1037536-A (GB)
Abstract: 1,037,536. Band-pass filters. SIEMENS & HALSKE A.G. April 4, 1963 [April 5, 1962]. No. 13361/63. Heading H3U. A filter, e.g. a band-pass filter, comprises a shunt arm containing an electromechanical impedance, e.g. a quartz crystal or a magnetostrictive resonator, having a series resonance which produces a pole of attenuation and also having a parallel resonance which is compensated by means of parallel-resonant circuits in series arms or series-resonant circuits in shunt arms. According to the invention, the compensating circuits are included in sections of the filter other than that containing the electromechanical impedance. Thus, the electromechanical impedance may be embodied in a section containing the LC circuits which shape the pass-band characteristic whilst the compensating circuits, together with impedancetransforming capacitances, are included in sections adjacent the input and output terminals. The Specification describes in detail the transformations used in designing the filter.
Patent GB-1052387-A (GB)
IPC: G05D1/02
Abstract: 1,052,387. Automatic control of aircraft. SPERRY RAND CORPORATION. Dec. 31, 1963 [Jan. 9, 1963, No.51355/63. Addition to 942, 392. Heading G3R. In a radio-controlled aircraft landing system, as claimed in the parent Specification, in which the aircraft is maintained vertically above a radio defined track at a heading suitable to counteract the effect of cross-wind and, only when the aircraft nears the runway, is it turned about its yaw axis to automatically maintain it aligned with the runway by heading deviation signals, the aircraft is automatically banked in dependence on proportional, differential and integral functions of its displacement from track. As described, signals from a radio receiver 10 representative of the magnitude and sense of displacement of an aircraft from a localiser radio beam are converted into A. C. signals in a unit 11 producing outputs, representative of displacement and rate of displacement which are added at 12 and control ailerons 29 through a servo-system 28 to which signals from the roll pick-off of a gyro-vertical 26 and roll angular accelerometers 27 are applied. Signals representative of the integral of displacement are added by an electromechanical integrator 22. During the approach to the runway, signals representative of the difference between the heading of the aircraft, detected by a gyro-magnetic compass 13, and the direction of the runway, manually set into a unit 14 are also applied to the aileron control system. As the aircraft nears the runway under glide-path control the rate of displacement signals, which become erratic, may be disconnected, reduced or filtered. When a predetermined low altitude is reached, an altimeter 37 closes a switch 31 to apply the runway heading error signals to control a rudder 34 through a servo-system 33 so that the aircraft is aligned with the runway despite cross-winds. Consequent drop of the windward wing of the aircraft is limited by operation of a switch 35 by altimeter 37 to decrease the maximum possible angle of bank by controlling a limiter 23. Long term stabilisation 21 and short term stabilisation 32, e. g. by yaw angular accelerometers, is applied to the rudder control system.
Patent GB-1054828-A (GB)
IPC: A23N5/03
Abstract: 1,054,828. Breaking coconut shells; roller-mills. O. ANGLEITNER. June 8, 1964 [April 2, 1964], No. 23656/64. Heading A2Q. [Also in Division B2] A roller-mill, for breaking coconut shells, comprises oppositely rotatable rollers 1 and 2, between which the shells are passed, e.g. from a hopper 8, to sustain fracture of of the outer, waterproof skin. Each roller carries a plurality of aligned spikes 3, for piercing said skin. The spikes on one roller project between the spikes on the other. Combs 6 and 7, located on the discharge side of the rollers, remove impaled shells from the spikes, e.g. on to a conveying belt 9. The rollers may be driven by a gear-motor and sprockets (not shown). The rollers may consist of aligned spoke wheels or spoke discs. One roller, e.g. roller 1 as shown, may be mounted in stationary bearings, and the other, e.g. roller 2, may be mounted in movable bearings 5, which may be urged towards the stationary bearings by springs 4 Coconut shells may be fed into the hopper 8 by a conveying belt (not shown).
Patent GB-1055594-A (GB)
Abstract: 1,055,594. Capacitors. PLESSEY-U.K. Ltd. Sept. 6, 1963 [Sept. 7, 1962], No. 34335/62. Heading H1M. An air dielectric variable capacitor comprises two sets of stator vanes having unequal numbers of sheet metal vanes, and a common set of rotor vanes co-operating therewith; movement of the rotor vanes over at least part of their range simultaneously increasing the area of the rotor vanes opposed to one set of stator vanes and decreasing the area opposed to the other set. A spindle 1 (Fig. 2) carries two sections of rotor vanes 2, 3 engaging AM section stator vanes 4, 5 and FM section stator vanes 6, 7; the FM stator vanes and the rotor vanes 8, 9 co-operating therewith being of thicker metal. 180-degree rotation vanes the capacitance of the AM section from maximum to zero while varying that of the FM section from zero to maximum.
Patent GB-1095332-A (GB)
IPC: B60R1/02
Abstract: 1,095,332. Vehicle rear view mirrors. DESMO Ltd. Feb. 24, 1965 [April 25, 1964], No. 17240/64. Heading B7J. A vehicle rear view swivelmounted mirror 21 is held in a groove 25 in a flexible plastic ring 22 provided with a lip 26 engaging behind a shoulder 28 of a casing having a flange 23. Projections (27) are provided, Figs. 3 and 6 (not shown), which at circumferential points fill the gap between 22 and 26 to prevent lateral movement of the mirror and ring relative to the casing. Figs. 1 and 2 (not shown), illustrate a modified but similar form of ring.
Patent GB-1095455-A (GB)
IPC: A44C5/20
Abstract: 1,095,455. Fastenings. STELUX MANUFACTURING CO. Ltd. Aug. 31, 1966, No. 38875/66. Heading E2A. A clasp for a bracelet comprises a plate 1 and a loop member secured to the ends of a bracelet the plate 1 has a hinged catch member 6 the loop member is inserted between the plate 1 and the catch member 6 and the catch member is rotated to bring a pair of spring claws 10 thereon into engagement with a tongue 11 upstanding from the plate 1. A further pair of claws 15 on the catch member engage a cross rod 13a of the loop to act as a safety catch.
Patent GB-1227326-A (GB)
IPC: F16K17/168
Filed: 1969-02-24
Abstract: 1,227,326. Valves. DRESSER INDUSTRIES Inc. 24 Feb., 1969 [28 Feb., 1968], No. 9794/69. Heading F2V. [Also in Division A4] The diaphragm valve 18 is opened by inlet pressure from a source 12 when a chamber on the other side of the diaphragm is vented through a line 38 and pilot valve 40 to the downstream side 16. The chamber is supplied through a small hole 36 in the diaphragm. The chamber is enclosed by a second, imperforate diaphragm actuator 54 connected with the outlet through a passage 60. Thereby overpressure at the outlet closes the valve. The diaphragms are spring urged apart. The device may be applied to a petrol dispensing system having a dispensing nozzle with a shut off valve 74. A cam and lever device 66, 70 for operating the pilot valve is linked with a starter of a supply pump. Further excess pressure at the outlet is relieved through the pilot valve which opens automatically under this condition.
Patent GB-1228153-A (GB)
IPC: H05B3/00
Filed: 1970-02-13
Abstract: 1,228,153. Laminated weather protection cover. J. S. THOMSON. 13 Feb., 1970, No. 9956/67. Heading B5N. [Also in Divisions A5-A6] A weather protection cover, e.g. for a sports field, comprises a flexible sheet member 1, e.g. of polyethylene, of which one surface is impervious to fluids and the other surface has affixed thereto expanded or cellular thermal-insulating material, e.g. foamed polyurethane, divided into sections 2 disposed transversely of the sheet member with a gap between adjacent sections so that the sheet member portions bridging the gaps form hinges which enable the cover to be folded in zig-zag manner into a substantially rectangular and compact unit. The cover may include electrical heating elements, and may include eyelets to enable it to be secured to the ground by skewers or pegs. The member 1 may project beyond the sections 2 so that when a plurality of covers is placed on cambered ground with the projecting sheet members overlapping each other water is shed from one cover to the next down the camber.
Patent GB-1228424-A (GB)
IPC: B22C15/10
Filed: 1968-04-05
Abstract: 1,228,424. Moulding machines. SHERWINWILLIAMS CO. 5 April, 1968 [10 April, 1967], No. 45121/70. Heading B3F. [Also in Division F2] A jolt foundry moulding machine comprises a moulding table 6, a ram 29 and an air spring 63 which drives the ram to provide a jolt strike, and a servo-valve 98 operative to control the air pressure within the air spring in response to the position of the moulding table (detected by an arm 106 pivotally mounted at 107 (Fig. 6)). The valve has a spool 90 biased by a spring 89 against a diaphragm 87, having a central aperture 95 (closable by the spool). Air is supplied to the valve spool through a port 109 and exits through port 110 to the air spring 63. A spring 98 (with tension adjustable by the moulding table by a rod 101) pressing on the diaphragm 87 counteracts the spring 89. The table control can be overridden by supplying air to a conduit 113 to raise a piston 99 on the rod 101. A feedback passage 111 is provided, as well as an exit port 112 for the air fed back.
Patent GB-1231056-A (GB)
IPC: B23K9/133
Filed: 1968-07-24
Abstract: 1,231,056. Welding by fusion. BRITISH OXYGEN Co. Lte. 21 July, 1968 [24 July, 1968] No. 35360/68. Heading B3R. In arc welding consumable electrode wire feed apparatus, wire 2 is taken from a supply reel 4 by feed rolls 6 and passed through a flexible conduit 8 to the first of several, spaced apart, feeding devices 10 which are connected in series by lengths of flexible wire-passage conduit 18 and are driven at substantially the same speed. The devices 10 may be driven by separate electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motors energized from a common supply line or, as shown, by seriesconnected cables 14 carried in flexible sheaths 16 and driven by a single motor 12. As shown, each device 10 comprises a feed roll 38, driven by a cable 16 through gearing 26, 36, and a spring- biased idler roll 32. Wire guides (Fig. 3, not shown), on a common tangent of the rolls 38, 32, terminate wire-passage conduit lengths. Desirably, means is provided whereby the drive rolls may slip relatively to the wire or, as via a friction coupling, their associated driving members. The torch 20 to which the wire is passed is also supplied with current and shielding gas.
Patent GB-1232150-A (GB)
IPC: B61J1/10
Filed: 1969-05-02
Abstract: 1,232,150. Container traffic; loading bays. KYSOR INDUSTRIAL CORP. 2 May, 1969, No. 22643/69. Headings B8E and B8Q. For the transport of compressed refuse in rail vehicles a loading bay is provided where the van bodies can be turned at an angle to the vehicle to be coupled to an injection-compaction unit mounted on the loading bay. The van bodies can be transferred to a dump trailer at the refuse dump for movement to the tipping point where the van is discharged by tipping. A rail car 18 having two containers 24, 25 on turn tables 20, 21 is positioned at a loading bay 12 by a winch and cable 45, 46 so that the containers 24, 25 can be swung across the car 18 and coupled by grappling assemblies 50, 60 to draw the containers from the van until their ends engage compaction units 15. Heightwise alignment is effected by turntable lifting devices 33. The units 15 compact refuse deposited in hoppers 16 and inject it into the containers 24, 25 until they are filled after which an end closure is applied and the containers are pushed back on to the turntable and turned into the transport position and locked therein. Each container has bottom rails 32 which slide on rails on the turntable. At the refuse dump each container is transferred to a semi-trailer 80 to be drawn by a bulldozer 77 to the tipping point. Transfer is effected after the container and trailer have been aligned as in Fig. 5, by the engagement of lugs 94 of an endless chain driver with cross-bars 95 on the base of the container aided by the rails 32 running on rollers 97, 98.
Patent GB-1232732-A (GB)
IPC: G01R29/027
Filed: 1969-09-18
Abstract: 1,232,732. Pulse modulation circuits. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP. 18 Sept., 1969 [24 Sept., 1968], No. 46052/69. Heading H4L. In a pulse width demodulator, the input signal 1, which has been limited, causes a diode 4 to become non-conducting at the start of each pulse so that a capacitor 5 is charged via resistor 6. When the charge on capacitor 5 reaches a value determined by zener diode 3 a transistor 7 conducts and its collector voltage falls steeply until the input pulse terminates and diode 4 becomes conductive to discharge the capacitor 5. The arrangement is such that when the pulse duration is below a predetermined minimum value the output voltage has a fixed maximum value and when the pulse duration exceeds a predetermined maximum value the output voltage has a fixed minimum value as determined by the saturation of transistor 7. The pulses at the collector of transistor 7 are supplied via a peak rectifier circuit 9, 10, 11 to the output 12. In a modification, Fig. 5 (not shown), the biasing voltage U v  is replaced by the output from terminal 12 fed back via a low-pass filter.