Patent GB-544052-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in condensation products of the phenol-aldehyde type
IPC: C08G14/08
Filed: 1940-09-26
Abstract: 544,052. Phenol-aldehyde condensation products. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Sept. 26, 1940, No. 14587. Convention date, Sept. 27, 1939. [Class 2 (iii)] Syrupy condensation products suitable as such for admixture in coating compositions or mixed with the usual fillers, pigments, dyes, lubricants, plasticizers as moulding compositions converted to the infusible state by heat and pressure are obtained by condensing nitro ureas or their salts with mixtures of phenols and aldehydes. The condensation can be carried out at room or elevated temperatures and in the presence or not of catalysts and under alkaline, acid, or neutral conditions. Intercondensation of the nitrated urea and phenol and aldehyde under alkaline conditions produces a reduction in the alkalinity of the finished resin and opaque inter-condensation products free from colloidally dispersed water are thus obtained. The rate of cure can be controlled by adjusting the proportions of nitrated urea and salts thereof. There are specified- (1) Nitrated ureas.-N-nitro N<SP>1</SP>-methyl urea; N-nitro N-methyl urea ; N-nitro, N<SP>1</SP>-methyl N<SP>1</SP>-ethyl urea ; N-nitro N<SP>1</SP>-phenyl urea ; nitrobiuret, nitro-biguanidine ; nitro guanyl thiourea ; nitro sulphhydantoin ; nitro ethylene pseudo thiourea ; nitrodicyandiamide ; nitroguanoline ; nitro amino triazole ; nitro guanyl urea. When a plurality of nitro groups are present in the urea molecule these may be attached to the same or different Nitrogen atoms. (2) The salts of the nitrated ureas are formed by adding ammonia, methylamine, ethylene diamine, di- and tri-ethanol amines or alkali hydroxides to the nitrated ureas. (3) Aldehydes-paraformaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, acrolein, methacrolein, crotonaldehyde, benzaldehyde. (4) Catalysts-ammonia, sodium hydroxide, amines, and olamines, acids or acid salts, e.g., sodium acid sulphate, or phosphate. (5) Phenols-phenol, cresols, xylenols, methyl phenol, p-tertiary butyl-phenol, p-tertiary amyl-phenol, phenyl phenols, benzyl phenols, phenyl phenol ethane, para para primary dihydroxy dipbenyl propane, substituted phenols yielding oil soluble intercondensation products, e.g. butyl phenols, amyl, indene, coumar, phenyl, styryl and styrene 2-ethylhexyl, terpene, symmetrical phenyl phenols, nuclearly alkylated, and phenylated phenols. (6) Modifiers-monohydric and polyhydric alcohols ; mono and polyamides ; high molecular weight bodies, e.g. partly. hydrolised wood products, lignin, proteins, protein-aldehyde condensation products, condensation products of protein-aldehyde, furfural, ureaaldehyde, aniline-aldehyde, polybasic acidpolyhydric alcohol, sulphonamide-aldehydes, polyvinyl compounds ; super polyamides. Plasticizers, dyes, pigments, mould lubricants, and waxes may also be added. Fillers specified include wood flour, alpha cellulose, paper, cloth, canvas, asbestos, mica, wood chips or fibres, synthetic or glass fibres. In examples (1) 94 parts phenol, 89 parts aqueous formaldehyde (37 per cent.) and 1 part nitrourea were heated under reflux for one hour and the product de-hydrated at 100‹ C. under a vacuum of 27 inches. The brittle resin obtained was incorporated with wood flour, lime, calcium stearate, hexamethylenetetramine and nigrosin and the mixture sheeted on rolls at 110‹ C. and pulverized to give a moulding powder. Specification 542,973 is referred to.