baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2020237839-A1 (WO)
Inventor: WU WENCHUAN
IPC: G06Q10/04
Filed: 2019-08-14
Abstract: 一种考虑可靠性约束的配电网规划方法，属于电力系统规划与评估技术领域。该方法构建由目标函数和约束条件构成的配电网规划模型，将可靠性指标作为约束纳入到配电网规划问题中，通过约束间的耦合关系精确描述可靠性指标，使得求解该配电网规划模型得到的解必然满足设定的可靠性约束，得到最优的配电网规划方案。该方法避免了传统配电网规划方法采用先规划后验证可靠性指标的迭代求解方式，而是直接求得满足可靠性约束的电网规划方案，保证了规划方案的最优性，同时大大减少了配电网规划的计算时间。
Patent WO-2021026931-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHAI XIAOMENG
IPC: H04W74/08
Filed: 2019-08-15
Abstract: A method and device for determining random access resources, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art of when multiple sets of PUSCH resource configurations are configured in a two-step random access, how a terminal device determines a random access resource so that a network device knows the PUSCH resource configuration used by the terminal device. The method comprises: a communication device dividing multiple preambles on each random access time-frequency resource associated with a synchronization signal block into N groups according to N sets of uplink channel resource configurations, N being an integer greater than 1, and the N sets of preambles being in one-to-one correspondence to N sets of uplink channel resource configurations; and the communication device determining a target uplink channel resource configuration in the N sets of uplink channel resource configurations, and determining a preamble in a preamble group corresponding to the target uplink channel resource configuration.
Patent WO-2020206904-A1 (WO)
Title: File transmission method and system, and storage medium
Inventor: SHI XIANJIANG
IPC: H04L29/08
Filed: 2019-08-26
Abstract: Disclosed is a file transmission method. The file transmission method comprises: a file interface server receiving a file transmitting-out request and a file stream to be transmitted which are transmitted by a service server through a unified file calling interface; the unified file calling interface converting the file stream to be transmitted to a target file according to the file transmitting-out request, and sending the target file to an intranet area cloud storage server for storage; and a file proxy server receiving a file transmitting-out instruction sent by the service server, acquiring a target file stream corresponding to a target file identifier from the intranet area cloud storage server according to the file transmitting-out instruction, and pushing the target file stream corresponding to the target file identifier to a target related party.
Patent WO-2021017074-A1 (WO)
Title: Optical-magnetic hybrid encoder system
Inventor: YAN PENGFEI
IPC: G01D5/56
Filed: 2019-08-28
Abstract: An optical-magnetic hybrid encoder system, comprising a photocell (1); a magnetic sensor chip (2) for sensing a change in a magnetic field directly opposite the center position of a magnetic steel (6); and a Hall chip for sensing a change in a magnetic field directly opposite a peripheral position of the magnetic steel (6); and a processor (3) used for solving for a reticle phase angle at an absolute position on the basis of an optical encoded signal, generating a reticle value and a turn value of the absolute position on the basis of a magnetic encoded signal, and linking the reticle phase angle, the reticle value, and the turn value to acquire multi-turn absolute position information. The system correspondingly selects, on the basis of the respective degrees of precision of two solution schemes, partial data of two absolute positions for linkage and combination, thus acquiring position data of increased accuracy. In addition, the magnetic encoded signal is generated on the basis of the magnetic field changes of two different positions respectively corresponding to the center position and the edge position of the magnetic steel (6), thus increasing the measurement precision of the optical-magnetic encoder as a whole, and favoring the broad application of the optic-magnetic hybrid encoder.
Patent WO-2020043146-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHAN CHEE WAH
IPC: D06F43/00
Filed: 2019-08-29
Abstract: The present invention provides a dry cleaning system, comprising a dry cleaning machine, the dry cleaning machine comprising a dry cleaning drum; a vacuum-pumping device, the vacuum-pumping device being able to be in fluid communication with the dry cleaning drum; a vacuum degree sensor and/or an oxygen content detector; and a control means, the control means being configured to be able to communicate with the vacuum degree sensor and/or the oxygen content detector. The vacuum-pumping device can be actuated to establish and maintain a negative pressure within the dry cleaning machine, and the control means is configured to actuate the dry cleaning machine when the vacuum degree and/or the oxygen content detected by the vacuum degree sensor and/or the oxygen content detector are below preset values, so as to start at least one operation on an object. Use of the dry cleaning system can improve the dry cleaning efficiency, particularly, the safety of the dry cleaning process, and further exert the detersive power of a solvent. In addition, the present invention also relates to the dry cleaning machine and a dry cleaning method using the dry cleaning system.
Patent WO-2021000427-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LIANG RUNMING
IPC: B21C23/00
Filed: 2019-09-19
Abstract: 闭式加压液压系统挤压机，包括固定底座（1）和固定底座（1）上的挤压部分（2）、供油部分（3）和主电柜（4），供油部分（3）包括有加压油缸（31）、油路板（33）、冷却机构（34）、电机泵组（7）、液压回路和充液阀（5）；液压回路包括有泵吸油管（61）、输油管一（62）、输油管二（63）、工作油管一（321）、工作油管二（322）和回油管（35）；充液阀（5）设在主油缸（221）上，该充液阀（5）分别连接回油管（35）和储油缸筒（311）；使用时液压油用量少，且工作时液压油温度可得以有效控制，进而有效延长液压油的使用期限，由此也节约了设备的使用成本。
Patent WO-2021012384-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LIU WEI
IPC: B07B7/04
Filed: 2019-09-27
Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for sorting lightweight parts, the sorting apparatus comprising a machine table (1), wherein a first rotating disc (17) rotating around a vertical shaft and a circle of surrounding plate (2) arranged on the periphery of the first rotating disc are arranged on the machine table, a plurality of detachable arc-shaped blocks (4) are arranged on the first rotating disc, the arc-shaped blocks are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and top faces of the arc-shaped blocks are provided with accommodating grooves (5) that are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction; a second rotating disc (10) rotating around a horizontal shaft is further arranged above the machine table, the external circular surface of the second rotating disc is provided with suction holes (14) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the suction hole at the bottom edge of the second rotating disc can be flush with one of the accommodating grooves, the position above the suction hole at the top edge of the second rotating disc is provided with a conveying belt (8) arranged parallel to the tangent line of the second rotating disc, a conveying rail (9) is arranged below the conveying belt, the top face of the conveying rail is provided with a track groove (16), and the groove bottom of the track groove is tangential to the top edge of the second rotating disc; one side of the second rotating disc is provided with a baffle (7), parts on the top faces of the arc-shaped blocks are guided to the first rotating disc by means of the baffle, the inner wall of the surrounding plate is provided with a plurality of air-blowing pipes (24) that are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and all the air-blowing pipes are inclined in the rotation direction of the first rotating disc. The apparatus for sorting lightweight parts has the characteristics of having low working noise and high flexibility.
Patent WO-2021056503-A1 (WO)
Title: Positioning method and apparatus for movable platform, movable platform, and storage medium
Inventor: ZHOU YOU
IPC: G06T7/73
Filed: 2019-09-29
Abstract: A positioning method and apparatus for a movable platform, a movable platform, and a storage medium. The movable platform comprises a rotary vision module, a fixed vision module, and a fuselage. The method comprises: determining the conversion relation between a reference coordinate system of the rotary vision module and a reference coordinate system of the fixed vision module, the reference coordinate system of the rotary vision module being determined according to the attitude of the rotary vision module at the initialization moment; the reference coordinate system of the fixed vision module being a coordinate system of the fuselage (S201); and converting motion information acquired by the rotary vision module to the reference coordinate system of the fixed vision module on the basis of the conversion relation (S202). The method can position the movable platform on the basis of the rotary vision module.
Patent WO-2021056513-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHU HONGBIN
IPC: H01L27/115
Filed: 2019-09-29
Abstract: A 3D memory device (100) includes a substrate (102), a gate electrode (104) above the substrate (102), a blocking layer (106) on the gate electrode (104), a plurality of charge trapping layers (108a, 108b, 108c) on the blocking layer (106), a tunneling layer (110) on the plurality of charge trapping layers (108a, 108b, 108c), and a plurality of channel layers (112a, 112b, 112c) on the tunneling layer (110). The plurality of charge trapping layers (108a, 108b, 108c) are discrete and disposed at different levels. The plurality of channel layers (112a, 112b, 112c) are discrete and disposed at disposed at different levels. Each of the channel layers (112a, 112b, 112c) corresponds to a respective one of the charge trapping layers (108a, 108b, 108c).
Patent WO-2020134353-A1 (WO)
Inventor: FENG LU
IPC: H04R9/06
Filed: 2019-10-12
Abstract: 本发明公开一种扬声器模组。所述扬声器模组包括壳体、具工作焊盘的扬声器单体及盖体，所述盖体配合所述壳体围成收容空间收容所述扬声器单体，所述盖体包括导电部，所述导电部成型于所述盖体，所述导电部一侧形成导电引脚，另一侧形成导电端子，所述导电引脚与所述扬声器单体的工作焊盘电连接，所述导电端子与外部电路对应电连接。本发明通过导电引脚取代柔性印刷电路板，简化结构，提高产品可靠度和节约后腔空间。
Patent WO-2020108123-A1 (WO)
Title: 高氮高铬塑料模具钢及其冶炼和热处理方法
Inventor: XIAO QIANG
IPC: C22C33/04
Filed: 2019-10-12
Abstract: 一种高氮高铬塑料模具钢及其冶炼和热处理方法，按重量百分比计，其化学成分为：C 0.25～0.35％、Si 0.45～0.8％、Mn 0.4～0.7％、Cr 16.5～17.5％、Ni 0.1～0.3％、Mo 0.1～0.5％、N 0.06～0.10％，其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质元素；热处理采用了球化退火和等温淬火-回火；该塑料模具钢具有良好的耐蚀性能。
Patent WO-2021012415-A1 (WO)
Inventor: YU WENJING
IPC: G09G3/00
Filed: 2019-10-16
Abstract: An array substrate (100) comprises an enable signal input terminal (10), a preset potential input terminal (20) and a connection resistor (30). The enable signal input terminal (10) is used for input of an enable signal when testing is performed on a panel. The preset potential input terminal (20) is used for input of a preset potential when testing is performed on the panel. The connection resistor (30) is connected to the enable signal input terminal (10) and the preset potential input terminal (20). A resistance value of the connection resistor (30) is equal to a preset multiple of a resistance value of the enable signal input terminal (10). Since the connection resistor (30) is provided between the enable signal input terminal (10) and the preset potential input terminal (20), an enable signal can be input via the preset potential input terminal (20) when the enable signal input terminal (10) experiences a poor connection due to impurities.
Patent WO-2020215641-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HU JUNHUI
IPC: H01M12/06
Filed: 2019-10-28
Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are an ultrasonic-assisted fuel cell manufacturing method and a system, the method using a catalytic effect of ultrasonic waves on an oxygen reduction reaction at an air-electrolyte-air electrode junction, increasing output power of a cell. A related cell system comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a transducer driver circuit, an air electrode, an electrolyte and a fuel electrode, using the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves at a location of a cathode oxygen reduction reaction of a fuel cell, driving more oxygen molecules to the location of the cathode oxygen reduction reaction, increasing discharge current and output power of the fuel cell.
Patent WO-2021081792-A1 (WO)
Title: Blade moving device, blade holding and changing apparatus and microtome
Inventor: FAN ZHEGUANG
IPC: G01N1/06
Filed: 2019-10-30
Abstract: A blade moving device (1) includes: a support base (11); a linear bushing (16) arranged in the support base (11); a moving block (17) received in the support base (11) and movably fitted over the linear bushing (16); a touch connector (18) connected to the moving block (17) and configured to move along with the moving block (17); and a blade box (19) connected to the support base (11) and configured to receive a blade (4) therein. The touch connector (18) is further configured to touch and push the blade (4) to move out of the blade box (19) when moving along with the moving block (17).
Patent WO-2021097769-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HUANG TIANQIANG
IPC: H04J3/06
Filed: 2019-11-21
Abstract: A clock synchronization method and apparatus, for solving the problem of inaccurate time synchronization. The method comprises: a first device sending first data, providing a timestamp in the first data, and determining the position of data, corresponding to the timestamp, in the first data and a first time when the data corresponding to the timestamp is sent; determining a transmission delay generated during format conversion of the data at the position; sending a first message to a second device, wherein the first message indicates a time after the first time is compensated for; receiving, at a third time, a second message sent by the second device; and sending a third message including the third time to the second device, so that the second device performs clock synchronization. In the method, compensation is performed in advance by means of a determined transmission delay, such that the effect of data format conversion of transmitted data on clock synchronization is effectively solved, and the accuracy of time synchronization is improved.
Patent WO-2020253103-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HAO FEIHU
IPC: G06K9/00
Filed: 2019-11-26
Abstract: A video image processing method, a device, an apparatus, and a storage medium. Wherein the method comprises: acquiring a q-th frame of low-resolution image from a video image sequence, and acquiring N frames of low-resolution images located before the q-th frame of low-resolution image according to the q-th frame of low-resolution image (S101); extracting M frames of low-resolution images satisfying a preset condition from the N frames of low-resolution images (S102); determining a motion vector matrix corresponding to each frame of low-resolution image in the M frames of low-resolution images (S103); performing iterative calculation on the M frames of low-resolution images according to the motion vector matrix corresponding to each frame of low-resolution image in the M frames of low-resolution images to obtain a high-resolution image vector (S104); performing resolution optimization processing on the q-th frame o low-resolution image according to the high-resolution image vector and pixel matrix of the q-th frame of low-resolution image, to obtain a q-th frame of image with the optimized resolution, and continuing to process the q+w-th frame of low-resolution image after obtaining the q-th frame of image with the optimized resolution, until the q+w is greater than the number of low-resolution images in the video image sequence (S105).
Patent WO-2021102903-A1 (WO)
Title: 图像传输方法、设备、可移动平台、系统和存储介质
Inventor: XIAO WEI
IPC: H04N19/40
Filed: 2019-11-29
Abstract: 一种图像传输方法、设备、可移动平台、系统和存储介质。方法包括：获取至少一个终端设备的至少一个图像解码模式（S301）；在多个预设编码模式中，根据至少一个所述图像解码模式确定一目标编码模式（S302）；利用所述目标编码模式对待传输图像进行编码处理，获得与所述待传输图像相对应的图传码流数据（S303）；将所述图传码流数据发送至至少一个所述终端设备（S304）。所述方法通过获取至少一个终端设备的至少一个图像解码模式，根据至少一个图像解码模式确定一目标编码模式，而后利用目标编码模式将待传输图像编码处理为图传码流数据，并将图传码流数据发送至至少一个终端设备，保证了可移动平台与终端设备之间的图传能力相匹配，进而提高了图像传输的质量和效率。
Patent WO-2021047084-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CAI YAOBIN
IPC: B29C45/73
Filed: 2019-12-10
Abstract: 一种带冷却系统的数控注塑机，包括注塑机主体（1），注塑机主体（1）的机身顶部设有两个丝杠导轨（2），两个丝杠导轨（2）的一端设有联合传动组件（3），联合传动组件（3）的一侧设有驱动装置（4），两个丝杠导轨（2）设有移动座（5），移动座（5）的一侧设有三轴滑台（6），三轴滑台（6）的立轴底端设有回型管（7），回型管（7）的两侧均设有固定边（8），两个固定边（8）的一侧间设有安装轴（9），两个安装轴（9）外侧均设有若干个压力喷头（10），两个安装轴（9）的一端设有角度调节组件（11）。该数控注塑机有效的提高了注塑机换模速度，冷却和清洁同时进行，整体结构简单实用。
Patent WO-2021114123-A1 (WO)
Inventor: TIAN JINGLEI
IPC: H04W36/14
Filed: 2019-12-11
Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatuses for establishing wireless connections with nonstandalone (NSA) -anchor Long Term Evolution (LTE) cells. In one aspect, a mobile device may perform a first frequency scan for one or more NSA-anchor LTE cells. The mobile device may determine whether a LTE base station is configured as an NSA-anchor LTE cell based on the first frequency scan. The mobile device may, in response to determining that the LTE base station is configured as the NSA-anchor LTE cell, camp on the LTE base station configured as the NSA-anchor LTE cell. Camping, and connecting to the NSA-anchor LTE cell may result in higher data throughput at the mobile device, and may improve overall user experience.
Patent WO-2020119827-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HU ZHENGCHAO
IPC: H02N2/00
Filed: 2019-12-23
Abstract: 一种电气转换器，包括第一永磁导磁片（5）、第二永磁导磁片（4）、线圈（7）和第一控制磁场导磁片（1），第一永磁导磁片（5）上设置有安装槽，线圈（7）置于第一永磁导磁片（5）的安装槽内，第一控制磁场导磁片（1）设置在第一永磁导磁片（5）上且贯穿线圈（7），线圈（7）的一侧设置有第二永磁导磁片（4），第二永磁导磁片（4）通过固定螺栓（9）固定在第一永磁导磁片（5）上。该转换器制造成本低，结构简单，可以通过垫片来精确控制磁路间隙，装配好后无需人工调整。
Patent WO-2020253187-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHOU MI
IPC: G01N33/74
Filed: 2019-12-24
Abstract: Provided are a leptin immunogen, a hybridoma cell, a monoclonal antibody, a polyclonal antibody and use thereof. The leptin immunogen comprises a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. The anti-leptin monoclonal antibody prepared from the leptin immunogen has good specificity and high sensitivity.
Patent WO-2020258805-A1 (WO)
Inventor: WANG SHUYAO
IPC: H04N5/765
Filed: 2019-12-27
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for video decoding with a video decoding chip. The video decoding chip may include one or more input channels and one or more output channels. The systems and methods may include detecting a flag bit of each of the one or more input channels. The flag bit of an input channel may indicate a status of receiving its corresponding stream of encoded video data. The systems and methods may include determining an operating state of the one or more input channels based on the flag bits. The operating state of an input channel may include an open state and a closed state of the input channel. The systems and methods may further include determining at least one of the one or more output channels to output the corresponding stream of decoded video data based on the input channels in the open state.
Patent WO-2021109309-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SHI HONGREN
IPC: G06F9/451
Filed: 2019-12-31
Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide an information processing method, a device, and a computer-readable storage medium. The method comprises: a vehicle-mounted electronic device receiving configuration information of at least one portable application from an electronic device associated with the vehicle-mounted electronic device; acquiring, on the basis of the configuration information of the at least one portable application, information of a start page of the at least one portable application; and activating, on the basis of the information of the start page, the at least one portable application. The present solution enables automatic synchronization of portable applications between the vehicle-mounted electronic device and the electronic device in a convenient and intelligent manner.
Patent WO-2020181906-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SUN YUQI
IPC: H04N21/422
Filed: 2020-01-03
Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for interacting with a smart television. The method comprises: a mobile terminal being configured as one among multiple virtual interaction devices, wherein the multiple virtual interaction devices comprise a virtual keyboard, a virtual mouse and a virtual remote control, and a Bluetooth connection is established between the mobile terminal and a smart television; and in the process of interacting with the smart television, in response to user operation information of a user on a user interface of the mobile terminal, the mobile terminal configured as a virtual interaction device sending a notification message carrying a virtual interaction device identifier and the user operation information to the smart television by means of the Bluetooth connection, so that the smart television can respond to the user operation information, and the user interface is a human-computer interaction interface of the virtual interaction device. By means of the embodiments of the disclosure, multiple interaction operations between a mobile terminal and a smart television can be realized.
Patent WO-2021138894-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHANG ZHIHUA
IPC: H04W4/08
Filed: 2020-01-10
Abstract: 本申请涉及一种MCPPT组呼方法、服务器及通信系统。该方法包括接收第一客户端发送的第一呼叫请求，第一呼叫请求包括多个被叫号码；根据多个被叫号码建立一呼叫组；向每个被叫号码对应的第二客户端发送第二呼叫请求；以及接收多个第二客户端发送的第一确认消息，并根据第一确认消息向第一客户端发送第二确认消息，以使第一客户端与多个第二客户端在呼叫组内通话。通过上述方式，本申请可以提高3GPP的通信模式的灵活性，且能够避免呼叫组建立失败的情况。
Patent WO-2021128538-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种氧化铝陶瓷一体化热压成型机及工作方法
Inventor: LI CHANGHE
IPC: B28B3/02
Filed: 2020-02-06
Abstract: 本发明公开了一种氧化铝陶瓷一体化热压成型机及工作方法，包括固定于机架的压紧装置、热压装置，所述热压装置位于压紧装置下方，热压装置内部设有搅拌装置，热压装置上方设有热压模具；所述压紧装置将一路高压气体作用于热压模具，将另一路高压气体进入热压装置使得浆料流入热压模具型腔内部；所述搅拌装置对热压装置内部浆料搅拌，使氧化铝胚料在浆料中分布更加均匀；所述热压装置内部分别设置有检测内部油液温度及出浆口浆料温度的测温元件，根据测温元件检测的温度，实时调控电加热装置功率，达到精确控温的目的。本公开通过模具及加热装置，使温度场分布趋于合理，可以精准控制浆料温度，明显提高加热效率，氧化铝粉末在液态石蜡中的分布可以显著提升铸件成型质量。
Patent WO-2021142864-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHEN QIHUI
IPC: H03K19/20
Filed: 2020-02-10
Abstract: 一种低抖动数字隔离器电路及包括其的数字隔离器，数字隔离器电路（100）包括信号发送模块（10）、信号接收模块（20）及连接信号发送模块（10）和信号接收模块（20）之间的隔离通道（30），信号发送模块（10）上设置有信号输入端，信号接收模块（20）上设置有信号输出端；信号发送模块（10）包括依次连接的复位电路（11）、振荡器（12）及发送电路（13），所述复位电路（11）与所述信号输入端相连接，发送电路（13）与隔离通道（30）相连接；信号接收模块（20）包括接收电路（21），接收电路（21）与隔离通道（30）相连接。在实现直流信号和交流信号传输的同时，还可以通过复位电路（11）实现输入信号、振荡器时钟信号之间相位同步，减小信号抖动。因而，最后的输出信号和输入信号之间也相位同步，信号传输更加稳定，隔离效果更好。另外，由于只采用了一个数字隔离通道，减小了数字隔离器电路的面积和成本。
Patent WO-2021163856-A1 (WO)
Title: Content pushing method and apparatus, and server and storage medium
Inventor: GUO ZILIANG
IPC: G06F16/9535
Filed: 2020-02-17
Abstract: The present application relates to the technical field of information pushing, and disclosed are a content pushing method and apparatus, and a server and a storage medium. The method comprises: when pushing content to a target user group in multiple user groups, checking whether each piece of user identity information in the target user group is present in a user information list, each user group comprising multiple pieces of user identity information, and the user information list comprising user identity information of the multiple user groups in which deduplication is performed and no content is pushed; pushing the content to the user identity information present in the user information list; and deleting, from the user information list, the user identity information to which the content has been pushed, so as to avoid repeated pushing to a same user.
Patent WO-2021017463-A1 (WO)
Title: Inductively coupled plasma treatment system
Inventor: LIU HAIYANG
IPC: H01J37/32
Filed: 2020-02-26
Abstract: Disclosed in the present application is an inductively coupled plasma treatment system. Said system switches the connection between a radio frequency coil and a Faraday shielding device by means of a switch switching radio frequency power. When a radio frequency power supply is connected to the radio frequency coil by means of a matched network, the radio frequency power is coupled into the radio frequency coil to perform plasma treatment process. When a radio frequency power supply is connected to a Faraday shielding device by means of a matched network, the radio frequency power is coupled into the Faraday shielding device to perform cleaning process on a dielectric window and an inner wall of a plasma treatment cavity. In addition, since the Faraday system and the dielectric window are the same part, the installation and maintenance of the radio frequency coil are facilitated, and the inner wall of the plasma treatment cavity, especially the dielectric window, is efficiently cleaned.