baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent TW-202215284-A (TW)
Inventor: WON HYO-SIG
IPC: G06F30/392
Filed: 2017-11-16
Abstract: A computer-implemented method includes placing standard cells based on design data defining an integrated circuit. A layout of the integrated circuit is generated by performing colorless routing. First, second, third and fourth patterns included in a quadruple patterning lithography (QPL) layer are arranged, based on space constraints, on the placed standard cells. The generated layout is stored to a computer-readable storage medium. The space constraints define minimum spaces between the first, second, third and fourth patterns. The method includes assigning first, second, third and fourth colors to the first, second, third and fourth patterns, respectively. Masks are generated based on the layout. A semiconductor device is manufactured by using the generated masks.
Patent TW-202326589-A (TW)
Inventor: HUANG YANG-WEN
IPC: G06Q50/26
Filed: 2021-12-23
Abstract: 本發明之申請書整合系統設置於至少一伺服器上，且申請書整合系統是連接到一掃描器，該掃描器適於掃描一申請人的至少一身分證明文件以產生至少一證明文件影像。申請書整合系統包括一光學字元辨識單元、一儲存單元及一合併單元。其中，光學字元辨識單元是用以辨識證明文件影像的多個文字資訊。儲存單元是包括至少一申請書電子檔，申請書電子檔是包括至少一證明文件欄位及多個文字資訊欄位，且每一個文字資訊欄位是各自對應其中一個該文字資訊。合併單元是用以將證明文件影像置入於證明文件欄位內，且合併單元還將該文字資訊置入於所對應的文字資訊欄位內，以產生一合併版申請書。
Patent TW-202227200-A (TW)
Title: Substrate treating apparatus and method for the same
Inventor: CHOI BYOUNG-DOO
IPC: B08B11/00
Filed: 2021-12-24
Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus is disclosed. The substrate treating apparatus includes a treating container having a treatment space to treat a substrate, a standby port positioned at one side of the treating container to allow a nozzle, which discharges a treatment liquid, to stand by, and a liquid supplying unit moving between the treating container and the standby port and having the nozzle. The standby port includes a nozzle receiving member including a nozzle receiving unit having a receiving space formed inside the nozzle receiving unit to receive the nozzle and a cleaning liquid and a discharge part having a discharge port provided at one side of the nozzle cleaning unit to discharge the cleaning liquid to the nozzle. The discharge port is provided to overlap at least a portion of the nozzle when viewed from above.
Patent TW-202233476-A (TW)
Inventor: ITAYA NOBUHIKO
IPC: H01M10/48
Filed: 2022-01-06
Abstract: 本揭示的充放電計劃作成裝置(7)係具備：限制條件決定部(73)，係使用根據與電力系統連接之複數個蓄電池之充放電的實績值所算出的複數個蓄電池之充放電量的預測值，來決定用以確保電力系統品質的關於複數個蓄電池之充放電的控制量的限制條件；以及計劃值算出部(74)，係使用限制條件、以及為了確保電力系統品質而控制複數個蓄電池當中的至少一部分之充放電從而產生之複數個蓄電池當中的至少一部分的蓄電餘量的變化量，來算出複數個蓄電池之控制量的計劃值。
Patent TW-202247402-A (TW)
Inventor: LEE KI-SEOK
IPC: H01L23/538
Filed: 2022-01-06
Abstract: 一種半導體記憶體裝置包括：堆疊結構，包括在垂直方向上堆疊於基板上的多個層，所述多個層中的每一者包括字元線、通道層及電性連接至通道層的資料儲存元件；以及位元線，在堆疊結構的一側上在垂直方向上延伸，其中字元線包括：第一導電線，在第一方向上延伸；以及閘極電極，在第二方向上自第一導電線突出，第二方向與第一方向相交，其中通道層位於閘極電極上，且其中位元線包括電性連接至通道層的連接部件。
Patent TW-202307966-A (TW)
Title: Semiconductor devices and methods of manufacture
Inventor: Hsiung Te-Chih
IPC: H01L21/28
Filed: 2022-01-11
Abstract: Semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the semiconductor devices are described herein. A method includes forming a first etch stop layer from a portion of a gate mask, the gate mask extending between spacers adjacent a gate electrode, the gate electrode overlying a semiconductor fin. The method further includes forming a second etch stop layer adjacent the first etch stop layer, forming an opening through the second etch stop layer, and exposing the first etch stop layer by performing a first etching process. The method further includes extending the opening through the first etch stop layer and exposing the gate electrode by performing a second etching process. Once the gate electrode has been exposed, the method further includes forming a gate contact in the opening.
Patent TW-202236864-A (TW)
Title: Loudspeaker system and method of operating and manufacturing the same
Inventor: KAETEL KLAUS
IPC: H04R7/02
Filed: 2022-01-21
Abstract: A loudspeaker system includes a transducer configured to transduce an electrical signal into sound waves, and having a clamped diaphragm configured to be deflected by the electrical signal, wherein the diaphragm has a deflection region which is deflectable in relation to a resting position of the diaphragm, and a clamping region which is less deflectable, or non-deflectable, in relation to the deflection region, a housing within which the transducer is arranged, the housing having perforations to allow the sound waves to exit to an external environment, wherein the perforations are arranged on the housing predominantly to be closer to the clamping region than to the deflection region.
Patent TW-202332882-A (TW)
Inventor: LIN CHUN-MING
IPC: G01C11/26
Filed: 2022-02-10
Abstract: 本發明揭露一種刀具影像檢測方法，其包含以下步驟，藉由第一影像擷取裝置拍攝刀具的第一原始影像，藉由第二影像擷取裝置於另一角度拍攝刀具的第二原始影像，將影像傳送至運算裝置，分別對第一原始影像及第二原始影像進行特徵點檢測程序，取得原始影像的複數個特徵點，對複數個特徵點進行特徵點配對程序，找到對應特徵點，依據對應特徵點將第一原始影像與第二原始影像進行拼接融合程序，取得刀具檢測影像。
Patent TW-202221321-A (TW)
Inventor: CHAPMAN KEVIN T
IPC: G01N33/574
Filed: 2017-01-13
Abstract: 本發明提供一種製備抗體治療劑之方法，其包括：(a)提供來自至少一種自患者取得之實體腫瘤試樣之解離細胞試樣；(b)將該解離細胞試樣加載至具有流動區及至少一個在流體上連結至該流動區之分離區之微流體器件中；(c)使至少一種B細胞自該解離細胞試樣移動至該微流體器件中之至少一個分離區中，由此取得至少一種經分離B細胞；及(d)使用該微流體器件鑑別至少一種可製造能夠結合至癌細胞之抗體之B細胞。該等癌細胞可為患者之自有癌細胞。亦提供治療患者之方法、標記或檢測癌症之方法、包含抗體或其片段之經改造T細胞或NK細胞、及經改造抗體構築體。
Patent TW-202333906-A (TW)
Title: Pipe wrench structure to allow the pipe fittings of different specifications to locate on both sides of the first vertical line, rather than on the first vertical line or on a single side of the first vertical line in turning the pipe fittings
Inventor: CHEN PEI-YU
IPC: B25B13/50
Filed: 2022-02-23
Abstract: The present invention relates to a pipe wrench structure comprising a first body provided with a plurality of first teeth, a first arc line, a first axis, a first vertical line, a first radius, a first angle and a second angle; a second body provided with a plurality of second teeth, a plurality of third teeth, a second vertical line, a first connecting line, a second connecting line, a third angle, a fourth angle, a concave arc surface, a fifth angle, a sixth angle, a seventh angle and an eighth angle; a first pivot member combined with the first body and the second body; and a card part combined with the first body and the second body. The clamping member is slightly elastic. The clamping member has the effect of elastic recovery when the second body is opened relative to the first body. The first teeth and the first body are an integrally formed structure, or the first teeth form a single component structure and assembled on the first body. The second teeth, the third teeth and the second body are an integrally formed structure, or the second teeth form a single component and assembled on the second body. Alternatively, the third teeth form a single component and assembled on the second body. The second angle is between 83 degrees and 97 degrees, or the second angle is 90 degrees and greater than the first angle. The fifth angle is between 88 degrees and 92 degrees, and the sixth angle is between 88 degrees and 92 degrees.
Patent TW-202327225-A (TW)
Inventor: LIN MING-TSAN
IPC: H02J7/34
Filed: 2022-03-01
Abstract: A dual battery power management system includes a load module, a battery controller, a first battery and a second battery. The battery controller is electrically connected to the load module for receiving an electrical requirement demanded by the load module. The battery controller is provided with a DC-DC converter and a serial-parallel switch. The first battery is employed to provide a first input voltage which is converted to a converted DC voltage by the DC-DC converter. The second battery is electrically connected to the serial-parallel switch and is used to provide a second input voltage. Upon the aforementioned electrical requirement, the battery controller controls the serial-parallel switch to be operated at a serial mode or a parallel mode.
Patent TW-202306897-A (TW)
Title: Organic solvent dispersion containing colloidal silica particles and zinc cyanurate particles, and production method thereof
Inventor: SHIMIZU DAISUKE
IPC: C01B33/145
Filed: 2022-03-18
Abstract: To provide an organic solvent dispersion comprising dispersion particles, which include colloidal silica particles and zinc cyanurate particles, dispersed in an organic solvent in a manner with high dispersion stability, and a production method thereof. This production method of an organic solvent dispersion comprising dispersion particles, which include colloidal silica particles and zinc cyanurate particles, dispersed in an organic solvent, involves a dispersion step in which silica particles, zinc cyanurate particles and an organic solvent are mixed and the dispersion particles, which include colloidal silica particles and zinc cyanurate particles, are dispersed in the organic solvent. In this production method of an organic solvent dispersion comprising dispersion particles, which include colloidal silica particles and zinc cyanurate particles, dispersed in an organic solvent, alkoxy groups represented in general formula (1) are bonded to at least part of the surface of said dispersion particles. (In the formula, R1 represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, a 2-methoxyethyl group, a 1-methoxy-2-propyl group, a 1-ethoxy-2-propyl group, or a phenyl group.).
Patent TW-202307058-A (TW)
Title: resin composition
Inventor: KAWAI KENJI
IPC: C08L63/00
Filed: 2022-03-21
Abstract: The present invention relates to a resin composition comprising an epoxy resin. The invention further relates to a resin sheet, a printed wiring board and a semiconductor device which are obtained by using the resin composition. The technical problem of the present invention is to provide a resin composition (for forming an interlayer insulating layer of a printed wiring board) which is capable of obtaining a cured product having excellent stain removability and elongation at break while suppressing the dielectric loss tangent to a low level. A resin composition for forming an interlayer insulating layer of a printed wiring board, which contains (A) an epoxy resin, (B) an active ester compound, and (C) an inorganic filler, in which component (A) contains (A-1) an epoxy resin represented by formula (1). In the formula, each symbol is defined in the specification.
Patent TW-202245302-A (TW)
Title: Piezoelectric film
Inventor: IWAMOTO TAKAHIRO
IPC: H01B1/02
Filed: 2022-04-01
Abstract: The preset invention provides a piezoelectric film which has high piezoelectric performance. This piezoelectric film comprises: a piezoelectric layer that is composed of a polymer composite piezoelectric body which contains piezoelectric particles in a matrix that contains a polymer material; and electrode layers that are formed on both surfaces of the piezoelectric layer. With respect to this piezoelectric film, the piezoelectric particles contain lead zirconate titanate; and the ratio of the area of a region where Pb/(Pb + Zr) is 90% or more to the area of the lead zirconate titanate particles in a cross-section of the piezoelectric layer in the thickness direction is from 0.2% to 4%.
Patent TW-202310365-A (TW)
Inventor: CHANG JEN-YUAN
IPC: H01L27/11539
Filed: 2022-04-14
Abstract: 一種三維元件結構，包括具有第一半導體基板的第一晶粒、設置在第一晶粒上且包括第二半導體基板的第二晶粒、設置在第一晶粒上且圍繞第二晶粒的介電封裝層、設置在第二晶粒與介電封裝層上的再分佈層結構，及嵌入介電封裝層中且電連接至至第一晶粒及再分佈層結構的積體被動元件。
Patent TW-202248743-A (TW)
Title: Reflective mask blank and method for manufacturing reflective mask
Inventor: KOSAKA TAKURO
IPC: G03F1/24
Filed: 2022-04-25
Abstract: A reflective mask blank has a substrate 10; a multilayer reflective film 20 that is provided on the substrate 10 and reflects exposure light; a protective film 50 including a metal oxide film 51 provided on the multilayer reflective film 20; and an absorber film 70 that is provided on the protective film 50 and absorbs exposure light. The multilayer reflective film 20 is configured such that a Mo layer and a Si layer are alternately stacked and a layer on a side farthest from the substrate 10 is the Si layer. The metal oxide film 51 is configured such that an oxygen content in a layer on a side far from the substrate 10 is higher than the oxygen content in a layer on a substrate side.
Patent TW-202247781-A (TW)
Title: Article of footwear with integrally knit tongue
Inventor: BELL TORREY J
IPC: A43B23/26
Filed: 2022-05-20
Abstract: A knitted component for an article of footwear comprises a knit element and a tongue integrally knitted with the knit element. The knit element includes a lateral throat portion overlapping a lateral edge of the tongue and a medial throat portion overlapping a medial edge of the tongue. The lateral throat portion and the tongue are joined by a first knit structure, and the medial throat portion and the tongue are joined by a second knit structure. The first and second knit structures each include one or more courses having a plurality of knit stitches. Each knit structure may also span multiple adjacent courses. A method of manufacturing the knitted component is also described herein.
Patent TW-202313867-A (TW)
Inventor: HARVEY LEONARD W
IPC: C09D7/20
Filed: 2022-06-10
Abstract: 本發明係關於相較於現存聚醯亞胺溶液具有生態學上和毒物學上的益處之新型聚醯亞胺溶液以及其用途，特別是用於塗層應用。
Patent TW-202302679-A (TW)
Title: Cyclic olefin polymer, cyclic olefin polymer composition and molded product
Inventor: LEE JOO-YEON
IPC: C08G61/08
Filed: 2022-06-27
Abstract: A cyclic olefin polymer which is a cyclic olefin polymer having a norbornene skeleton and is characterized by the cyclic olefin polymer being a cyclic olefin copolymer or a cyclic olefin ring-opening polymer and satisfying the following necessary condition (a). (Necessary condition (a)) The cyclic olefin polymer comprises a structural unit (A) being a chain olefin and a structural unit (B) containing a cyclic olefin which has a norbornene skeleton, wherein an existence ratio (racemic structure/meso structure) of a meso structure and a racemic structure in the chain of the structural unit (B)-the structural unit (A)-the structural unit (B) measured by 13C-NMR is 0.01 to 100.
Patent TW-202306692-A (TW)
Title: Lathe and method of detecting cut-off tool breakage
Inventor: SHIGAMA Koichiro
IPC: B23B3/30
Filed: 2022-08-02
Abstract: A lathe includes a spindle, an opposite spindle, a tool post, a controller, and a contact-type breakage detector. The controller determines whether the cut-off tool is broken according to a control parameter for controlling at least one of the spindle and the opposite spindle at a first detection timing immediately after the cut-off tool cuts off the bar material while the opposite spindle holds the bar materiral held by the spindle. The controller determines whether the cut-off tool is broken according to a detection result by the contact-type breakage detector at a second detection timing different from the first detection timing.
Patent TW-202329642-A (TW)
Title: Machine learning-assisted adaptive antenna tuning
Inventor: GALZOLARI DIEGO
IPC: H04B1/38
Filed: 2022-08-25
Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for adaptively tuning a wireless data transmission system in an electronic device, including receiving one or more operating characteristics of a wireless data transmission system of a device; determining, using a wireless data transmission system configuration model, a target wireless data transmission system configuration based on the one or more operating characteristics; and implementing the target wireless data transmission system configuration in the wireless data transmission system.
Patent TW-202318890-A (TW)
Title: Control plane-based communication of multimedia broadcast/multicast service service keys
Inventor: LEE SOO-BUM
IPC: H04W12/08
Filed: 2022-08-31
Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may register to a cellular network associated with a multicast/broadcast multimedia service (MBMS). The UE may transmit, to the cellular network, a request to join the MBMS. The UE may receive, from the cellular network and based at least in part on being registered with the cellular network, a response that indicates an MBMS service key (MSK) and MSK identifier pair. Numerous other aspects are described.
Patent TW-202311021-A (TW)
Inventor: LOHIA GAURAV
IPC: B31B50/84
Filed: 2022-09-01
Abstract: 本發明揭示一種帶有一閥之側邊袋(side gusseted bag)及生產其之設備及方法。該設備具有一網布拉動器單元(A)、一第一切割單元(B)、一第一折疊單元(C)、一第一密封單元(D)、一輸送單元(E)、具有一第一及第二切割刀片(15、15A)之一第二切割單元(F)、一打開及向內折疊單元(G)、一按壓單元(H)、一經濟切割(eco cutting)單元(I)、一第二折疊單元(J)、一第二密封單元(K)及一堆疊單元(L)。在第二切割單元(F)處使用在橫向及轉置方向上移動之第一及第二切割刀片(15、15A)在織物之第二端上進行一L形切割，隨後在打開及向內折疊單元(G)處，該第二端藉由一抽吸構件打開使得產生用於工具插入之一空間，其中該邊織物之切割件之該第二端經折疊及密封以形成一閥(9)。
Patent TW-202311418-A (TW)
Title: Dynamically crosslinkable polymeric compositions, articles, and methods thereof
Inventor: SANSON MURILO LAUER
IPC: C08K5/098
Filed: 2022-09-01
Abstract: A polymeric composition may include a thermoplastic polymer including: at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl esters, C2-C12 olefins, and combinations thereof; and a dynamic crosslinking group; and a crosslinking agent to dynamically crosslink the thermoplastic polymer by ionic bonds or metal-ligand interaction.
Patent TW-202328013-A (TW)
Title: 用於製造具有減少的靜電吸引力的玻璃製品的方法和裝置
Inventor: BROWN JAMES WILLIAM
IPC: C03B17/06
Filed: 2022-09-07
Abstract: 一種用於製造玻璃製品的方法和裝置，包括使玻璃帶流過具有第一和第二側壁的外殼。玻璃帶具有沿長度方向和寬度方向延伸的第一和第二相對主表面。離子從電離源被引導朝向玻璃帶的第一和第二相對主表面中的至少一者，和/或電極引導粒子遠離玻璃帶的第一和第二相對主表面中的至少一者。這可以降低由玻璃帶形成的玻璃製品的主表面上的顆粒密度。
Patent TW-202320484-A (TW)
Inventor: SATO TAKUYA
IPC: H03H7/00
Filed: 2022-09-12
Abstract: An electronic component includes a stack and first to third inductors. Area of a region obtained by perpendicularly projecting a first space including a first axis and surrounded by the first inductor onto an XZ plane is larger than area of a region obtained by perpendicularly projecting a second space including a second axis and surrounded by the second inductor onto a YZ plane. The third inductor is disposed such that a third axis does not intersect the first space but intersects the second space.
Patent TW-202302940-A (TW)
Title: Water-cooled jacket and single crystal furnace
Inventor: YANG WEN-WU
IPC: C30B29/06
Filed: 2022-09-13
Abstract: The invention relates to a water cooling jacket and a single crystal furnace, the water cooling jacket comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are sleeved, and a water cooling pipeline located between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder is of an inverted conical structure. The inner cylinder is of an inverted-cone-shaped structure, the longitudinal asymmetric water cooling effect can be achieved, and therefore longitudinal and axial gradient temperature gradient changes are achieved, axial and radial heat dissipation of the crystal bar is greatly improved, internal heat accumulation is reduced, the thermal history of the crystal bar is changed, misarrangement and other crystal defects are reduced, and the quality of the crystal bar is improved.
Patent TW-202321806-A (TW)
Inventor: NOOT MARC JOHANNES
IPC: G03F1/22
Filed: 2022-09-14
Abstract: 本發明揭示一種判定來自統計獨立源之一度量衡貢獻值之方法，其包含提供來自在複數個量測設定下獲得之統計獨立源之複數個貢獻值，自該等貢獻值判定一度量衡貢獻值，其中該度量衡貢獻值為隨該等量測設定變化而具有最小相依性之該貢獻值。
Patent TW-202319006-A (TW)
Title: Fastening system and window shade including the same
Inventor: HUANG CHIEN-FONG
IPC: A47H3/02
Filed: 2022-10-31
Abstract: A fastening system for a window shade includes a first clipping element having a first latching part, and a second clipping element having a second latching part operable to engage with the first latching part for attaching the first and second clipping element to each other, the first and second clipping element being attachable to each other for holding at least one panel of a window shade in a gap between the first and second clipping element. The first and second clipping element are attachable to each other according to a first and a second configuration, the gap between the first and second clipping element being greater in the first configuration than in the second configuration. The fastening system can hold two panels in contact with each other in the gap in the first configuration, and to hold a single panel in the gap in the second configuration.
Patent TW-202332787-A (TW)
Title: Hod dipped Al-Zn-Si-Mg coated steel sheet and method for producing same, surface-treated steel sheet and method for producing same, and coated steel sheet and method for producing same
Inventor: YOSHIDA MASAHIRO
IPC: C23C2/06
Filed: 2023-01-05
Abstract: The present invention provides a hot dipped Al-Zn-Si-Mg coated steel sheet which stably has excellent corrosion resistance. In order to achieve the above-described purpose, the present invention provides a hot dipped Al-Zn-Si-Mg coated steel sheet which has a coating film and is characterized in that: the coating film has a composition that contains 45 to 65% by mass of Al, 1.0 to 4.0% by mass of Si and 1.0 to 10.0% by mass of Mg, with the balance being made up of Zn and unavoidable impurities; the Co content in the unavoidable impurities is 0.080% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the coating film; and the diffraction intensities of Si and Mg2Si in the coating film as determined by an X-ray diffraction method satisfy the relational expression (1) below. (1): Si (111)/Mg2Si (111) ≤ 0.8 Si (111): Diffraction intensity of (111) plane of Si (interplanar spacing d = 0.3135 nm) Mg2Si (111): Diffraction intensity of (111) plane of Mg2Si (interplanar spacing d = 0.3668 nm).
Patent UA-38356-A (UA)
Title: Method for producing black granular cavier from natural products "fito lp-4-a"
Filed: 2000-06-26
Abstract: The invention relates to the method of producing black granular cavier from natural products that has therapeutic properties. A method of producing black granular cavier from natural products includes gelatin soaking, mixing thereof with food additives, producing granules from the mixture, holding granules in tea extract, holding in concentrated salt solution with subsequent formation of colour scheme and settling in a cocktail. Gelatin soaking and knitting polysaccharides of algae is carried out in decoction of: meadow rue, black night shade herb, burdock root, yarrow, great nettle. The cocktail from knitting polysaccharides of algae is used as the cocktail.
Patent UA-38405-A (UA)
Title: Method for chemo-graphical control of surface of solid body at violation of continuity of its super-thin film coating
Filed: 2000-06-29
Abstract: Method for chemo-graphical control of surface of solid body at violation of continuity of its super-thin film coating in based on visualization of violations of uniform condition of the surface (or its coating). The method reconstructs the rate of geterogenous processes in the places of violations, that for in complete dark through controlled gap of gas or liquid one exposes the surface of the sample being studied to photo-emulsion. The invention relates to science of materials and metrology in the field of metallurgy, machine- and instrument-making, electrotechnics and micro-electronics.
Patent UA-47383-A (UA)
Inventor: SAVCHENKO YURII VALENTYNOVYCH
Filed: 2002-02-19
Abstract: Wafer tubes which consist of a wafer tube baked from the dough which contains high-grade flour, confectionery oil, salt, lecithin and of a fat filling which contains confectionery oil, wafer hash, sugar as powdered sugar. The wafer tube baked additionally contains sugar, nonfat milk powder, vanillin, and the fat filling additionally contains peanur ground.
Patent UA-51324-A (UA)
Title: Method for diagnosing dysplasia of cervical epithelium
Inventor: SUKHANOVA AURIKA ALBERTIVNA
Filed: 2002-02-21
Abstract: The method for diagnosing the dysplasia of the cervical epithelium comprises the optical analysis of the biopsy and calculation of the ratio k = І0/Iі between the spectrum of the normal tissue (І0) and the spectral intensity of the displastically altered tissue (Ii). The dysplasia is diagnosed when k>2. When k<2 the changes are regarded as insignificant.