Patent GB-281739-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in processes for operating internal combustion engines and in apparatus therefor
IPC: F02M25/07
Filed: 1926-06-14
Abstract: 281,739. Ellis, G. B., (Moore Inventions Corporation). June 14, 1926. Vaporizers, external; heating charge; spray carburettors. - To vaporize liquid particles of fuel in the mixture and to prevent knocking, exhaust gases and burnt gases taken from the engine cylinder during the power stroke are supplied to the intake manifold. At small throttle openings, only a small quantity of exhaust gas in admixture with a considerable percentage of hot air is supplied; as the throttle is opened first the percentage of air, and secondly, the amount of exhaust gas, is increased, and finally, at full throttle openings, the air is cut off and exhaust gas only supplied. The air is heated and mixed with the exhaust gas in a heater 22, Figs. 1. 3, and 7, mounted on the exhaust manifold 12 and provided with an inlet 60 for exhaust gas, an inlet 46 for air. and an outlet 108 connected bv a, conduit 24 to the intake manifold 14 beyond the throttle valve of the carburettor 16. The hot exhaust passes upwards through the chamber 54 and over a baffle 58 to an outlet port 64 controlled by a valve 36 and the air passes in succession alternately in an upward and downward direction, through a series of passages 82 between the outer case 26 and an inner wall 74 of the heater, to an outlet port 90 controlled by a valve 34. The air and exhaust gas mix in an annular chamber 112 which communicates with the outlet 108 through an orifice controlled by a poppet valve 30, and through a duct 116, Fig. 7, controlled by a needle valve 120. The valves 36, 34, 30 are operated by a common rotatable member 130 provided with a cam surface 134 engaging the stem 136 of the valve 30, and with teeth 162 engaging a rack 162 on the stem of the valve 34, which in turn slides with lost motion on the stem of, and operates, the valve 36. The member 130 is secured to a shaft 140 operated through a flexible connection 156 from the arm 154 of the carburettor throttles valve. The shaft 140 is reversible in its bearings 142 so that the operating means may be arranged at either side of the heater. The exhaust valve 36 is provided with a bleeder opening 190 communicating with the mixing chamber 112 and which is closed by a fixed pin 182 as the valve opens. The valves are adjusted and actuated so that, when the throttle is slightly open, the exhaust valve 36 and the poppet valve 30 are closed and the air valve 34 is partly open the exhaust passing through the bleeder opening 190, and the air admitted through the valve 34, passing through the duct 116 to the intake manifold. As the throttle is opened, the member 130 is operated to first open the air valve 34, then, when the lost motion is taken up to open the exhaust valve 36, and finally to move the exhaust valve to a position where it closes the air outlet port 90, the poppet valve 30 being simultaneously gradually opened. The burnt gases from the cylinders are admitted to the outlet 108 of the heater through a valve-controlled nozzle 244, Figs. 1 and 7, connected by a conduit 240 to each cylinder through a valve 256, Fig. 15, adjustably loaded by a spring 262 so that it opens only when a predetermined pressure is exceeded on the power stroke. The conduit 24 opens into the intake manifold through a nozzle directed towards the cylinders. In modifications, to assist the circulation of exhaust gas through the heater, the baffle 58 projects down through the inlet 60 into the exhaust manifold, and is provided on one or both sides with a lip or projection directing the exhaust gas to or from the heater; in these modifications the stem of the valve 36 mav be solid, the bleeder opening 190 and pin 182 being dispensed with. The air supplied to the carburettor may be cold, in which case the air inlet is provided with a valve opened simultaneously with the throttle valve through a spring or lost motion connection, or the air inlet pipe 20 mav be connected to a muff 18 around the exhaust pipe, in which case the pipe 20 is preferably provided with an inlet for cold air controlled by a valve adapted to be opened by the throttle valve when it moves beyond the half open position