baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-927168-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to protection systems for electric networks comprising cables
IPC: H02H3/02
Filed: 1959-10-28
Abstract: 927,168. Protective cut-out arrangements; electrically-released switches. CHARBONNAGES DE FRANCE. Oct. 28, 1959 [Oct. 28, 1958; Aug. 26, 1959], No. 36658/59. Class 38 (5). [Also in Group XXXVI] A protective arrangement includes a cable having two conducting sheaths 43, 44 connected to a Wheatstone bridge circuit effective on contact between the sheaths, due to crushing or shearing forces on the cable, to cause the operation of a high-speed cut-out or cut-outs 53 in circuit with the main conductors 54 ... 56 of the cable. In the arrangement of Fig. 2, contact between the sheaths 43, 44 shortcircuits a resistor 47 of the Wheatstone bridge 46 ... 49 so unbalancing the bridge and causing the application of a signal to an amplifier 51 which energizes the igniter circuits of explosive cut-outs such as those of Specification 927,169 [Group XXXVI]. A signal is also applied to an amplifier 52, which over the sheath 43 and a pilot conductor 56b, energizes the igniter of a device 57 to explode a charge 61, Fig. 4. This causes the breaking of a wire 59 so permitting contacts carried by a spring blade 58 to engage fixed contacts 62 connected to the terminals of a motor M to prevent the motor, functioning as a generator, from applying a potential to the damaged cable. To ensure the operation of the device 57, the sheath 43 is formed from steel wires and pilot conductor 56b has such a cross-section and is so positioned that the device 57 would operate before the conductor and sheath could be completely severed. In the event of the cable being subject to tension forces capable of breaking a main conductor 54 ... 56, a further pilot conductor 45 connected in the bridge, breaks and unbalances the bridge to cause operation of the devices 53, 57.
Patent GB-411945-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with ground anchors for posts and like purposes
IPC: A63B71/02
Filed: 1932-12-29
Abstract: 411,945. Ground anchors. LAKE, A. E., 113, Dunmow Road, Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire. Dec. 29, 1932, No. 36739. [Class 45.] A ground anchor for use with posts comprises a vertical member B having an aperture B<1> through which a stake C is driven at a distance below the surface. A stake A is first driven into the ground up to the mark A<1>, a guide D is placed in the position shown in Fig. 6 and the stake C is driven through the slot D<2> until it has formed a guide in the ground. The stake A is removed and the member B is placed in the hole, and the stake C driven in until it passes through the hole B<1>, the guide D having given the proper inclination to the stake C to achieve this. The member B is now held against withdrawal and a hook or cord may be passed through the aperture B<2>. In a modified form, the parts C, B are positioned by means of a guide D, Fig. 10, having two inclined slots.
Patent GB-1323741-A (GB)
Title: Ladder
IPC: E06C1/32
Filed: 1970-07-29
Abstract: 1323741 Folding ladder; lockable hinges H HOFFMANN W HOFFMANN and H BRENNENSTUHL 29 July 1970 [30 July 1969 14 Feb 1970] 36750/70 Headings E1S and E2F Folding ladder sections 10, 18, e.g. are pivoted together by means allowing locking of the section in different relative positions. In the embodiment of Figs. 1-4 joint fittings 11, 17 are attached to the section, each fitting comprising one or, as shown, two spaced discs e.g. 12, 12a, there being a releasing lever 21, also comprising spaced plates, pivotally mounted on one disc 26. The lever 21 is pivoted from the Fig. 1 position in the direction of arrow. 28 to push a channel-sectioned spring loaded stop pin 20 out of engagement with one of peripheral apertures 13-15. The lever is then held by cams 63, 63a engaging notch 61' in lever. When ladder sections are now relatively rotated the spring loaded pivot pins 56', 57' are pushed in by dimples 60'a, to force lever plates inwards and thus disengage cams 63, 63a from notch 61'. The lever now allows the pin 20 to enter the next aperture. In the embodiment of Figs. 5, 6, the stop pin 33 is loaded eccentrically, and a further pin 64, engaging a hole 61 is used in place of cams 63, 63a as an arresting device. In the embodiment of Figs. 7-10, the lever 80 is spring- loaded by a spring 81 into the positions corresponding to an engaged position of a stop pin 86 with one of peripheral apertures 72-74 and the position corresponding to a disengaged position of the stop pin. The pin 86 can move in a slot 87 in joint fitting 75, and in an aperture 88 in the lever. With the lever rotated lockwise to a position corresponding to a disengaged position of pin 86, the ladder can be folded, but on unfolding, cams 94-96 engage a shoulder (99) on lever 80 and cause it to rotate until pin 86 is engaged in one of the apertures. The pin can now only be released manually via the lever.
Patent GB-1095047-A (GB)
Title: Semi-conductor devices and the manufacture thereof
Inventor: PURDOM NEIL STUART
IPC: H01L29/08
Filed: 1964-09-09
Abstract: 1,095,047. Semi-conductor controlled rectifiers. WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO. Ltd. Sept. 3, 1965 [Sept. 9, 1964; Dec. 8, 1964; Jan. 18, 1965], Nos. 36848/64, 49881/64 and 2115/65. Heading H1K. A junction in a semi-conductor controlled rectifier is treated to reduce its injection efficiency at low current densities whilst increasing or at least not degrading its injection efficiency at high current densities. To achieve this result all or part of a junction region may be doped with a transition element from the first long series. In one example, a monocrystalline silicon PNP wafer (formed by diffusion of gallium into an N-type wafer) has a gold-antimony pellet alloyed to it to form a further PN junction. A fast diffusing transition metal such as nickel is applied to the recrystallized region either by direct plating from solution or by placing on the region a nickelled disc or ring of a low expansion coefficient material such as molybdenum. The assembly is then heated to a temperature lower than the original alloying temperature so that, on cooling, nickel is distributed in the recrystallized region but has preferably not diffused completely throughout the N-type region. As an alternative, the alloy used to form the N-type region may consist of gold, antimony, and nickel so that only the single alloying step is necessary.
Patent GB-1534405-A (GB)
Title: Fabric printing machine
IPC: D06C3/02
Filed: 1976-09-06
Abstract: 1534405 Fabric printer STALWART DYEING CO Ltd 25 Aug 1977 [6 Sept 1976] 36882/76 Heading D1L Fabric printing machine of the type disclosed in Specification 1395979 is modified in that the fabric is transported through the steamer 13, washer 26 and past suction slot 27 whilst supported by stenter chains 15 to prevent shrinkage. The stenter chains are arranged in guides (16) [Fig. 2 (not shown)] supported by slides (17), the spacing between the chains being adjustable through threaded shaft (20). In passage through the wash tank 26, in which the wash liquor is circulated by pump (35) [Fig. 3 (not shown)] to overhead jets (32) and withdrawn through channel (34), the inoperative edge portions (37A) of the channel are covered by a sealing strip (37). Similarly in passage past suction slot 27, wherein the fabric is pressed thereagainst by edge rollers (47) [Fig. 5 (not shown)], the ends are covered by sealing strip (42) in combination with plate (45).
Patent GB-1026557-A (GB)
Title: Xerographic method
IPC: G03G15/16
Filed: 1963-09-20
Abstract: 1,026,557. Electro photographic processes. RANK XEROX Ltd. Sept. 20, 1963 [Oct. 16,1962], No.37064/63. Heading G2H. An electrode 17 is coated with toner,18, e.g., by a powder cloud or by cascading. The coated side is placed in compressive contact against a layer of photoconductive material on a xerographic plate 10. The plate 10 has a transparent support 13, e.g. of glass coated with a transparent conductive layer 15 such as tin oxide or copper iodide. The photo conductive layer may be selenium, anthracene, sulphur or a sulphide, oxide or selenide of zinc, cadmium, calcium or lead. Lens 12 focusses on light and shadow image of subject 21 on the layer 11. A switch 23 is synchronized with a shutter 22 to supply a direct current pulse of between 300 and 1, 000 volts across electrode 17 and conductive layer 15. The duration of the pulse may be between 1/2 second and <SP>1</SP>/ 50  second. A resistor 25 prevents a short circuit across battery should a short circuit occur across electrode 17 and layer 15, while resistor 26 leaks off the charge between the electrode 17 and layer 15. Assuming the toner has a positive polarity it is repelled by the electrode or photoconductive layer according to which is positively pulsed, this action being stronger where the photoconductive layer 11 is illuminated. A charge migration of toner occurs after further exposure and charge migration. The invention is applied to a hand camera, Figs 2 and 3 (not shown). In another embodiment avoiding the use of a lens shutter, an image on a scarographic plate 10, Fig. 4, is reflected by a mirror 50 up to mirror 51. An electrical pulse of a duration selected by switch 56 is applied across electrode 17 and layer 15, Fig. 5 (not shown). A circuit 60 supplies a pulse of a duration depending on the position of a switch 66 which selects resistors 62, 63 and 64. In either embodiment the developed image on plate 10 may be transferred to an adhesive sheet.
Patent GB-342449-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for crystallisation from solutions by evaporation under reduced pressure
IPC: B01D9/00
Filed: 1929-12-04
Abstract: <PICT:0342449/III/1> In apparatus for crystallizing from solutions under reduced pressure, a horizontal tank a, divided into compartments by transverse apertured partitions b extending to the bottom of the tank and having pipes c provided with steam-jet ejectors, is provided with stirring-devices consisting of a blade g for each compartment, the blades being carried by a horizontal shaft h passing through the apertures d in the partitions.  Solution to be crystallized enters by a pipe e and passes, by way of the apertures d, through each compartment and finally leaves with the contained crystals by an overflow pipe f, the degree of evacuation and of cooling of the liquid increasing in the successive compartments. Specification 269,068, [Class 32, Distilling &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-1260859-A (GB)
Title: Tool
Inventor: COOMBES JAMES ERIC
IPC: B05C17/00
Filed: 1968-08-05
Abstract: 1,260,859. Brushes; hard scrapers. J. E. COOMBES. 24 July, 1969 [5 Aug., 1968], No. 37313/68. Headings B4B and B4K. [Also in Divisions A4 and E1] A brush stock 16 which is releasably secured to a handle 10 is provided with a tongue 18 which frictionally engages a socket 14 in the brush handle. The tongue 18 may be provided with resilient ribs 17. Rotation of the brush stock in the handle is prevented by the provision of a flat surface on one side of the tongue which co-operates with a similar flat surface 15 in the socket. A putty knife or paint scraper blade may be substituted for the brush head unit 26.
Patent GB-962713-A (GB)
Title: Metallurgical additives
IPC: C21C7/04
Filed: 1962-10-04
Abstract: A shaped body is made by pressing a mixture of a particulate additive, e.g. Ti, Cr, V, Mn, Zr, Ni, Sn, Se, Nb, Mo, Pb, Al, Si, Ca, Ca-Si, Mg-Ca-Si, mischmetal, alkali metals, C and S, together with 1-70% by weight of a fluorocarbon polymer at a pressure of 1000-60000 p.s.i.  The resultant body is added to molten metal to disperse the additive therein.  Polymers referred to are polytetraflurothylene, polyfluoroethylene propylene, polychlorotri-fluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, hexafluoropropylene and the copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene.
Patent GB-1359197-A (GB)
Title: Feeding apparatus for strip material
IPC: B21D43/09
Filed: 1971-08-10
Abstract: 1359197 Feeding strip; stamping F J LITTELL MACHINE CO 10 Aug 1971 37550/71 Headings B3W and B3Q Apparatus 10 for feeding strip material to a punching and stamping press comprises a framework 11-19, a first feed roll 20 supported by the framework, an electric motor 23 supported by the framework above the first feed roll, gearing 28, 31, 37 operatively connected between the motor and first feed roll, a crank arm structure 60, 62, 64 for supporting a second feed roll 36 which is adapted to coact with the first feed roll, a main power cylinder 67 having a connecting relationship with the crank arm structure, and an auxiliary power cylinder 68 having a connecting relationship with the crank arm structure in a manner to oppose the main power cylinder, whereby, actuation of the auxiliary power cylinder opposes operation of the main power cylinder and causes the crank arm structure to move the second feed roll away from the first feed roll to separate the rolls to allow feeding in of the strip material to the machine. Strip material 42 enters the machine and is transversely guided by pins 43, passes through a straightener 44, between back-up rolls 50 which incorporates an overruning clutch to allow rotation for forward feeding of the strip but preventing any rearward movement, and through the intermittently rotatable feed rolls 36, 40 the motor 23 being capable of intermittent operation with an adjustable feed length. The upper back-up roll 50 is vertically movable by the cylinder 51 to facilitate initial threading of the strip material into the machine. The strip progresses to pinch rolls 52, the upper pinch roll being controlled by a pneumatic cylinder 53, and thence transversely positioned by guiding pins 54. The feed roll 36, provided with universal joints 33 to enable bodily movement with respect of the feed roll 40, is connected via spaced levers 60 to a rod 64 and yoke member 65; this in turn is connected to piston-rod 66 actuated by the main power cylinder 67. When pressurized air is admitted to the cylinder 67 the piston and rod are forced to move levers 60 so as to move roll 36 towards lower roll 40. The auxiliary cylinder 68, which is connected via lever 72 and rods 73, 64 to the master cylinder, can operate to oppose movement initiated by the main cylinder. Pressurized air admitted to the cylinder 68 results in movement of levers 72, 74 which is transmitted to levers 60 so as to move them in the. opposite direction to before, therefore lifting roll 36 away from the lower roll 40. The auxiliary cylinder 68 may be manually operated or automatically operated in timed relation with the feeding operation of the particular working machine. In an alternative embodiment, Figs. 3, 4 (not shown), provision is made for the movement of the lower feed roll (96) with respect to the upper feed roll (95).
Patent GB-1328246-A (GB)
Title: Display panels
IPC: H01J17/49
Filed: 1970-08-18
Abstract: 1328246 Gas discharge display panels BURROUGHS CORP 18 Aug 1970 [18 Aug 1969 (2) 5 Feb 1970] 37557/70 Heading H1D In a display panel comprising a plate 110 containing a matrix of gas filled cells 120, and cathodes and anodes 70, 130 associated with each cell, the cell walls are light reflecting and the top surface of the plate is covered with a dark and light absorbent material. The panel filled with Hg and A or Ne includes a further array of electrodes 60 in grooves 30 in a glass or ceramic insulating plate 20 and with electrodes 70 define a matrix of scanning cells aligned with the cells 120. Electrodes 70 are flat strips with apertures aligned with the cells 120, and are at right angles or skewed to electrodes 60; a herring-bone pattern may be formed. Electrodes 130 may be flat strips or shaped or positioned to allow glow discharge in cells 120 to be seen. Plate 110 is of alumina, fosterite, steatite, white glass, opal glass, mullite, B nitride or BeO coated with a black glass or frit or covered with a sheet of black mica or glass. The plate may be of metal with a porcelain or glass insulating coating on the outer faces and a Cr layer on the cell walls. The cross-section of the grooves 30 may be V, T, inverted V or T shaped or rectangular. In operation every third cathode is inter-connected to form 3 sets which are energized to produce a glow discharge in each column of cells in plate 20 sequentially. Information signals are simultaneously applied to electrodes 130 and when an ON signal is present the glow discharge is transferred upwards to aperture 120.
Patent GB-1414669-A (GB)
Title: Benzofuran and naphthofuran derivatives processes for their preparation and their use as optical brighteners
IPC: C08L33/02
Filed: 1972-08-11
Abstract: 1414669 Benzofuran and naphthofuran derivatives HOECHST AG 11 Aug 1972 [13 Aug 1971] 37575/72 Heading C2C [Also in Divisions C3 C5 and D1] Novel compounds have the Formula 1 wherein P and Q each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a sulphonic acid group or together represent an alkylene group having up to 6 carbon atoms or a fused benzene nucleus, R is a hydrogen or halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a sulphonic acid group, and B represents a group having one of the formulae: wherein S<SP>1</SP>, S<SP>2</SP> and S<SP>3</SP> each independently represents a hydrogen or halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an optionally modified carboxylic or sulphonic acid group or a phenyl group optionally substituted by a non- chromophoric radical, an acyl, acylamino, sulphonyl, alkoxy, dialkylamino or trialkylammonium group having in the alkyl moieties 1 to 6 carbon atoms each; with the proviso that not all of the substituents S<SP>1</SP>, S<SP>2</SP>, S<SP>3</SP> and R represent hydrogen atoms and/or alkyl groups; S<SP>4</SP>, S<SP>5</SP>, S<SP>6</SP>, S<SP>7</SP> and S<SP>8</SP> each independently have the meanings given for S<SP>1</SP>, S<SP>2</SP>, and S<SP>3</SP>, but without any limitation, S<SP>9</SP> represents a hydrogen atom, a phenyl group optionally substituted by a non- chromophoric radical or by an optionally modified carboxylic or sulphonic acid group and X represents an oxygen or sulphur atom, and also the salts of compounds having basic groups with organic or inorganic acids as well as the quaternization products obtained with alkylating agents. The compounds of Formula 1 are obtained (1) by condensing intramolecularly compounds of Formula 3 in a strongly polar organic solvent (e.g. dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, hexamethyl phosphoric acid trisamide) at 10- 250C. using a strongly basic condensation agent (e.g. an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or compound thereof or a strongly basic compound of Al), or (2) [in the case where R=H] by condensing intramolecularly compounds of Formula 3b at 50-230 C. in the presence of an acidic condensation agent, whereby the radical B migrates into the 2-position of the furan ring formed. The examples describe the preparation of many benzofurans and naphthofurans of Formula 1 and their use as optical brighteners in detergents and for organic materials.
Patent GB-630618-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to melamine resins
IPC: C08G12/32
Filed: 1946-12-20
Abstract: A thermosetting resin suitable for making clear unfilled mouldings without preheating immediately prior to the moulding operation is prepared by reacting melamine and formaldehyde in solution, adjusting, if necessary, the pH to a value between 8 and 11, drying the condensation product and then heating it to effect further condensation and removal of volatile materials.  The heating may be effected in trays at 100-125 DEG  C. or higher if the resin has been spray-dried, or the resins may be blended with alkaline buffers in a Banbury mixer or on heated rolls.  1-6 mols. of formaldehyde may be used per mol. of melamine.  Mould lubricants, e.g. metallic stearates, may be ground with the resin, the products then being translucent.  Dyes or pigments may be similarly included.  In examples: (1) crystalline trimethyl melamine was prepared at a pH of 9, centrifuged and dried at 50 DEG  C.  The product was granulated, heated for various times at 100-125 DEG  C., and moulded.  The physical properties of the mouldings are tabulated; example (2) is similar, the initial condensation being carried on to produce a hydrophilic resin; example (3) is similar to (2) with a smaller ratio of formaldehyde to melamine.  In example (4) the dried resin is blended with diethyl ethanolamine before the heating step. Specification 574,016 is referred to.
Patent GB-844573-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for manufacturing glass beads
IPC: C03B19/10
Filed: 1958-11-21
Abstract: 844,573. Glass bead production. CATAPHOTE CORPORATION. Nov. 21, 1958 [Oct. 20, 1958], No. 37598/58. Class 56. Small glass beads are produced by introducing a stream of molten glass into a high velocity substantially transverse carrier gas stream surrounded by generally parallel gases maintained at a temperature above the melting point of the glass, causing the glass to come into intimate contact with the hot gases, separating the glass from the gases, cooling the glass and collecting the cooled glass. As shown, a stream 20 of molten glass emerges from a steel orifice 16 in a tank 10 containing molten glass 14 and falls freely until the acceleration thereof breaks up the glass, as at 22, into fragments. Just below the point 22, a high pressure jet 24 provides. heated air or super-heated steam from a conventional system which travels substantially transverse to the glass stream 20 and further breaks up the glass to droplets 32 which it carries along the path indicated by the arrow P. The jet 24 is surrounded by five equally spaced burners 28 giving high pressure flames 30 parallel to the jet stream. The droplets 32 pass into the flames 30 until they become spherical in shape as at 34, the droplets falling by their weight as their speed becomes less so that they fall out of the zone of the flames and are cooled as they fall into a container 40, the hot gases being removed through a hood 36 by a blower arrangement 38.
Patent GB-1221946-A (GB)
Title: Sealed beam lamps
Inventor: HICKS HARRIS VERNON
IPC: H01K9/08
Filed: 1967-08-16
Abstract: 1,221,946. Sealed beam lamp. JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd. 31 July, 1968 [16 Aug., 1967], No. 37695/67. Heading F4R. The description is identical to that of Specification 1,221,945 but the claims relate to a sealed beam lamp including a reflector, a lens secured to the reflector, a tungsten halogen bulb within the enclosure and carried by the reflector and a light shield for preventing light from the bulb which has not first been reflected from the reflector issuing from the lamp.