baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1146439-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions and additives therefor
IPC: C08F240/00
Filed: 1966-04-07
Abstract: 1,146,439. Oil-soluble copolymers. SINCLAIR RESEARCH Inc. 7 April, 1966 [7 April, 1965], No. 15615/66. Heading C3P. [Also in Division C5] Oil soluble copolymers of (1) 3 to 55 mole per cent of RCOOR<SP>1</SP> where R is a C 3-25  ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon radical, R<SP>1</SP> is hydrogen or a C 1-15  alkyl radical and the COOR<SP>1</SP> group is attached to an aliphatic carbon-carbon chain of at least two carbon atoms, (2) 5 to 30 mole per cent of a C 4-12  conjugated diene and (3) 92 to 15 mole per cent of a C 3-25  alpharnonoalkene, the total number of carbon atoms in (1) and (3) being at least 12, may be prepared by copolymerizing the monomers in the presence of a Friedel Crafts catalyst, e.g. aluminium chloride or boron trifluoride, and optionally a cocatalyst such as methyl or ethyl chloride. Specified monomers are (1) oleic, linoleic, undecylenic, linolenic, ricinoleic and methacrylic acids and esters thereof, (2) butadiene, isoprene and chloroprene and (3) olefins and olefin mixtures containing 12 to 21 carbon atoms in the molecules. The copolymers may be added to lubricating oils as extreme pressure agents; and may be reacted with polyamines, particularly polyamines of formula R 2 N(R<SP>1</SP>NH) n H where R<SP>1</SP> is a divalent C 2-14  alkylene radical, R is hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl and n is 1 to 10, and RHNCR<SP>1</SP> 2 CR<SP>1</SP> 2 NH 2  where R<SP>1</SP> is hydrogen or C 2-14  alkyl and R is alkyl, aminoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or an aromatic radical, to form ashless detergent additives. In examples an olefin mixture consisting predominantly of alpha-olefins and having 14 to 21 carbon atoms is copolymerized with (I) isoprene and linoleic acid, (II) butadiene and methyl oleate and (III) isoprene and methyl oleate in the presence of aluminium chloride and ethyl chloride, and the copolymers reacted with tetraethylene pentamine.
Patent GB-1365756-A (GB)
Title: Resistors
IPC: H01C10/20
Filed: 1972-04-05
Abstract: 1365756 Resistors CTS CORP 5 April 1972 [5 April 1971] 15617/72 Heading HIS A resistor constituting one of a group assembled in a stack comprises a dielectric substrate having two major surfaces on one of which is formed a resistance path, a spacer disposed in an aperture in the substrate, first restraining means to prevent relative rotation between the spacer and substrate, second restraining means to prevent relative rotation between the spacer and corresponding spacer of a neighbouring resistor, and terminals to connect the resistance to an external circuit. The resistor comprises a high heat resistant substrate (alumina) 12, Fig. 3, having an aperture 13 provided with a channel 14, a registration notch 16 being formed on the bottom surface 15 and a resistive film 18, covered by an insulating layer, being formed on the top surface 17. Terminal leads 22 extend through terminal apertures 21 in the substrate, a portion 25 being bent over the top surface 17 so as to contact a conductive layer comprising a noble metal in a vitreous glaze applied to the substrate by screening which in turn contacts the resistive layer, the connection being completed by a metal deposit 26a formed by dip-soldering. The spacer 27 comprises a head 28 provided with tongues 39 and annular shoulder 42 which engage notches 40 and end wall 41 respectively of a corresponding tail end 29. Adjacent the head 28 are a flat portion 33 to ensure correct orientation and a reduced diameter portion 34. Projections 32 maintain the spacer in assembled relationship with the substrate, the resistors being stacked by a bolt 36 passing through apertures 35 in the spacers.
Patent GB-1075587-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to food packages
Inventor: SMITH PETER HAROLD
IPC: B65D81/34
Filed: 1965-04-13
Abstract: 1,075,587. Containers. MICROTHERM Ltd. April 13, 1966 [April 13, 1965], No. 15660/65. Heading B8P. Food is cooked or heated in an electronic oven in sectoral-shaped containers (4), Fig. 2, formed of a material transparent to microwaves. The containers are placed on a circular plate (10), Fig. 1, of non-conductive material, e.g. china or plastics, which has divisions (12-14) providing sectoral spaces between them. Where the containers together contain the ingredients of a meal, one ingredient of which, e.g. salad, is to be served cold, the container for that ingredient may be metallized or have a metal foil shield for the food. The containers (4) may be of plastics material.
Patent GB-181359-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical contact makers for use with the steering wheels of motor and other vehicles
IPC: B60Q1/14
Filed: 1922-06-06
Abstract: 181,359. Mignot, E. A. A. June 11, 1921, [Convention date]. Controlling handles associated with hand steering-devices.- A contactmaker for sounding a warning signal &c. comprises two circular members of arcuate cross section which are associated with the steering-wheel or pillar and are interconnected so that pressure applied to the outer surface of either member closes the contact. The contact terminals I are mounted by insulating material B in the two members O which have turned over edges C engaged by lips A on a resilient member V.
Patent GB-235896-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in two-stroke cycle internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B25/12
Filed: 1925-06-18
Abstract: 235,896. Zoller, A. June 18, 1924, [Convention date]. Two-stroke-cycle engines.-In a twin-cylinder engine the pistons p<1>, p<2> work on one crank pin and control the exhaust and admission ports; the piston p' is in advance of the other piston and controls the exhaust. A rotary compressor mounted on an extension of the main crank shaft delivers air to a carburettor and thence through a manifold to admission passages for the cylinders. The mixture continues to enter the cylinder after the exhaust port is closed. The exhaust passages are on the side of the engine remote from the inlet manifold. The admission to and delivery from the compressor are controlled by valves f, g, Fig. 4; excess air is returned by the passage h. The crank webs between adjoining pairs of cylinders are made circular and are supported direct by roller bearings, thereby enabling a compact multi-cylinder engine to be built.
Patent GB-529902-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to carrier bags or boxes and handles therefor
IPC: B65D5/46
Filed: 1939-05-23
Abstract: 529,902. Carrier boxes. WILLETTS, G. F., and WILLETTS, A. L. May 23, 1939, No. 15922/40. Divided out of 529,843. [Classes 18 and 133] A box is provided with a handle with an apertured hand-grip portion of at least two thicknesses of card or like board, the aperture being provided with inwardly facing projections 11, Fig. 1, to form in conjunction with the upper wall of the box, slots to engage a beaded locking tongue projecting from the box. The tongue 16, Fig. 3, is preferably cut from the upper wall of the tray 12, but may form a part of the handle blank shown in Fig. 4, in the latter case projecting through a slot at the junction of the upper wall and back of the tray. The handle may be formed as in Specification 529,843.
Patent GB-331652-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in means for supplying fuel to the carburettors of internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M1/00
Filed: 1929-05-23
Abstract: 331,652. Blackstone, G. M., Carter, F., and Carter E. May 23, 1929. Spray carburettors. - Carburettors adapted to work with heavy fuel and to be started on a lighter fuel, are provided with a cylindrical valve capable of turning and sliding in its casing so as to permit of the carburettor being drained, of its being disconnected from the heavy fuel supply, and of its being connected to such supply for rurning, Fuel is supplied by a pump through a pipe b and outlet j to a chamber a having an overflow pipe j<1> which maintains the fuel at the correct level in the spraying nozzle. The pipe b is attached to a casing c enclosing the turning and sliding valve d which has an axial bore e, lateral ports e<1>, e<2>, and is actuated by a handle a<1>. Lateral passages c<1>, c<3> communicate with the pipes j, i<1> respectively. In the position shown, heavy fuel from pipe b passes through bores e, e<2>, and chamber c<2> to the drain pipe c<4> and does not enter the carburettor at all. Petr�l may now be poured into chamber a for starting by removing a cover k. To drain the carburettor, the valve is turned until port e<1> registers with passage c<1>. To run on heavy fuel, the valve is moved endwise to uncover passage c<1>. Specification 289,201 is referred to.
Patent GB-770733-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sealing devices for wicket gates in water turbines
Inventor: SCHURMANN JEAN
IPC: F03B3/18
Filed: 1955-06-03
Abstract: 770,733. Hydraulic turbines. NYDQVIST & HOLM AKTIEBOLAG. June 3, 1955, No. 15996/55. Class 110 (3). [Also in Group XXIX] A sealing device for the wicket gates of hydraulic turbines comprises a rigid channel member 3 of dovetail section, and a rubber strip 2 secured in the channel member by vulcanization, the channel member being mounted in a groove in the gate 1 in such a position as to be contacted by an adjacent gate 1A. The strip 2 is additionally secured by pins 6 passing through transverse holes in the strip and the channel member. The groove which is also of dovetail shape is completed by a detachable retaining bar 4 secured by screws 5. Leakage of fluid between the channel member and the gate 1 is prevented by a rubber seal 7.
Patent GB-575259-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the purification of cobaltic hydroxide
IPC: C01G51/04
Filed: 1943-09-29
Abstract: 575,259. Purifying cobaltic hydroxide. MOND NICKEL CO., Ltd. Sept. 29, 1943, No. 16011. Convention date, Oct. 16, 1942. [Class 1 (iii)] [Also in Group II] In the purification of cobaltic hydroxide contaminated with nickel, iron and copper oxides, the nickel and cobalt in an aqueous suspension of the hydroxide are reduced to lower oxides, preferably with sulphur dioxide and a mineral acid such as sulphuric acid added to give a pH of 1.0 to 4.5 and obtain a solution of nickel and cobalt free from iron. In practice reduction may proceed until at least part of the iron is also reduced, acidification then dissolving all the metals. Copper and iron are then reoxidised and iron precipitated with an oxidising agent inert to nickel and cobalt, preferably the impure cobaltic hydroxide itself. The iron carries down any lead or arsenic present. The solution may be freed from copper by cementation with gas-reduced nickel powder, any iron introduced being removed by aeration. Cobalt in solution is separated from the nickel preferably by alkaline hypochlorite and may be redissolved, reprecipitated, roasted up to 2,100‹F. and leached yielding a cobaltic hydroxide free from metal impurities.
Patent GB-883812-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in preparation of polyhydric alcohols
Filed: 1960-05-06
Abstract: Acyclic polyhydric alcohols containing 4-6 carbon atoms and one hydroxyl directly attached to each carbon atom are isomerised to similar alcohols by heating a solution of the starting alcohol in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst at 160 DEG C.-200 DEG C. under a hydrogen pressure of 500-3,000 lbs./sq. in., for at least half an hour while maintaining the pH of the solution at 7-11, discontinuing the heating before any substantial absorption of hydrogen takes place, cooling the reaction mixture and separating the resulting solution of isomerised polyhydric alcohols from the hydrogenation catalyst.  The starting alcohols may be dissolved in water, an alcohol of 1-4 carbon atoms or a glycol of 2-4 carbon atoms. Suitable hydrogenation catalysts are, for example, nickel or cobalt deposited on an inert carrier, or copper chromite. Examples are given of the isomerisation of (a) sorbitol to mannitol and iditol (b) mannitol to sorbitol and iditol; (c) dulcitol to sorbitol, mannitol, tallitol and allitol, and (d) erythritol to threitol.
Patent GB-1287063-A (GB)
Title: Method of and an apparatus or perforating nonwoven fabrics
IPC: B26F1/24
Filed: 1970-04-06
Abstract: 1287063 Needling apparatus BUNZL & BIACH AG 6 April 1970 [4 April 1969] 16121/ 70 Heading D1R Non-woven fabrics are perforated by needles whose cross-section increases continuously from tip to base without change of shape whilst a current of gas is blown along the surface of the needles in the opposite direction to the penetration, to prevent the needles tearing fibres from the fabric. The fabric 5 may be passed by belts 10 between a perforating roller 1 and a hollow roller 3a. A partial cover 11 directs compressed air introduced through pipe 7a towards the fabric. The compressed air may be heated, and roller 1 may be hollow, and supplied with warm fluid by pipe 12. The perforated roller may be replaced by a perforated belt (3, Fig. 1, not shown); air is directed against the lower surface of the belt by nozzle (16). Conical, pyramidal and starpyramidal needles are illustrated (Fig. 3, not shown). The fabric may be moistened before the perforation by heated rollers, to achieve an ironing effect. The fabric may be bonded with adhesive, preferably after perforation.
Patent GB-529473-A (GB)
Title: A method and apparatus for measuring or testing the flattening or deflection under load of tyres for vehicles
IPC: G01L17/00
Filed: 1939-06-01
Abstract: 529,473. Linear-dimension gauges. DUNLOP RUBBER CO., Ltd., DAW, R. F., and MASON, J. H. June 1, 1939, No. 16148. [Class 106 (ii)] Comprises a device for indicating the deflection of a pneumatic tyre under load consisting of a structure securable to the vehicle wheel and provided with indicating members one of which includes a scale plate and the other a ground contact member formed to engage the tread of the tyre and to be displaceable along the axis of the member by contact with the ground, with or without rotation into spring loaded engagement with a portion of the tyre tread deflected by the ground. The top plate 1 and back plate 2 are pivoted together at a ball-bearing pivot 13. The back plate has laterally extending brackets 3 from which extend distance pieces 4 rounded to engage with the depressions formed in the wheel body 6 in which the wheel securing nuts are normally seated. Through each distance piece 4 extends a tubular member 7 formed with nuts 8 for clamping to the wheel so that the structure is parallel thereto and clear of the tyre. A plurality of holes 8a enable the device to be used with wheels of different sizes. The upper and lower ends of the plate 1 are flanged outwards at 9, 10 and apertured to form bearings for a rod 12 which with the plate 1 swings about the pivot 13 to a vertical position. The plates 1, 2 may be locked together by a pin 14 passed through registering holes 15. The rod 12 carries a toe piece 16 of triangular section the top and base surface being serrated to engage the tyre tread, the narrow lower edge allowing penetration of soft soil. The rod also carries a pointer 17 adapted to move over a scale plate 29. A spring 20 bears between the lower flange 10 and the knurled head 21 of a screwed sleeve 22, the head 21 bearing against a collar to which the pointer is secured. For use on hard ground, the rod 12 is moved down to compress the spring until the collar registers with a hole 26 when the rod may be turned to bring the toe-piece 16 parallel to the wheel. The spring 20 is also placed out of action by catching the projection 28 under a spring catch 17. The scale plate 29 is now set to compensate for tread wear by placing a distance piece 34 in position. The rod is now allowed to engage the ground and the reading on the plate 29 gives the deflection of the tyre directly. On soft ground, the rod is turned to the other position and the spring released. The plates are locked together and the toe piece 16 moved to engage the tyre tread at an uncompressed place. The plates are unlocked and the wheel is then rotated so that the toe piece engages under the tyre at the deflected position when the spring moves the part 16 upward to engage the tyre. The scale is adjusted as before.
Patent GB-669071-A (GB)
Title: Purification of vinyl ethers
Filed: 1949-06-17
Abstract: In the preparation of a vinyl ether by vinylating an alcohol of the C4-C8 range the alcohol content of a mixture containing the vinyl ether and its corresponding alcohol is reduced by treating the mixture with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal phenate, cresylate or xylenate, said solution containing at least 20 per cent by weight of the alkali metal salt, to form a solution of the alcohol therein, and then separating the alcohol solution so formed.  The concentration of the salt used should preferably be at least 4N.  It is advantageous in the preparation of the solvent to use an excess of up to 20 per cent alkali metal hydroxide over that required stoichiometrically for the phenol taken.  The mixture treated may be the crude vinylation product but it is preferred to treat the azeotropic mixture of alcohol and vinyl ether obtained on distillation of the crude product.  The treatment may be carried out batchwise, the solvent and ether-alcohol mixture being agitated together, the lower (aqueous) layer removed and the upper (vinyl ether) layer treated with a quantity of fresh solvent and the process repeated.  The purified vinyl ether may then be washed with water and finally dried.  The treating process may also be carried out continuously, thus the solvent can be fed continuously near to the top of a tower containing packing material such as Raschig rings and the mixture fed continuously near the bottom of the tower.  The solvent charged with alcohol and a small amount of vinyl ether is continuously withdrawn from the bottom of the tower and distilled to recover the vinyl ether and alcohol while the purified vinyl ether is continuously withdrawn from the top of the tower.  It is advantageous in operating such counter-current unit to add a small amount of a surface-active agent such as an alkyl aryl sulphonate, a long-chain alkyl sulphate or an alkaryl polyglycol ether.  When the spent solvent is distilled after the treating process the upper layer of the distillate comprises the alcohol and the smaller amount of vinyl ether accompanying it in the solvent and this upper layer is returned to the crude vinylation product feed to the azeotrope still or where the crude product is treated directly it is returned to the crude product feed to the purification stage.  In examples: (1) to (5) a mixture of isoamyl vinyl ether and isoamyl alcohol is purified by treating batchwise with aqueous sodium phenate (4N and 5N), aqueous potassium phenate (5N), aqueous sodium cresylate (5N), and a solution containing sodium xylenate made by dissolving a coal-tar fraction in aqueous caustic soda to give a 3N solution, respectively; (6) and (7) a mixture of n-butyl vinyl ether and n-butyl alcohol and a mixture of 2-ethyl butanol and 2-ethyl butyl vinyl ether, respectively, are treated batchwise with 5N aqueous sodium phenate; (8) a mixture of isoamyl vinyl ether and isoamyl alcohol and a mixture of 2-ethyl butanol and 2-ethylbutyl vinyl ether, respectively, are treated counter-currently with 5N aqueous sodium phenate.
Patent GB-624238-A (GB)
Title: A device for use in binding bales and the like
IPC: A01F15/14
Filed: 1947-06-19
Abstract: 624,238. Baling-presses. FERREIRA, P. D. F. June 19, 1947, No. 16168. [Class 94(i)] Apparatus for binding bales of hay &c. comprises a threader 1 constituted by a rod or bar having means at one of its ends 14, by which string, wire &c. may be releasably anchored to it, in combination with a needle 3 constituted by a U-shaped member 4, 5 having at least one groove 2 along one of its arms, in which the threader 1 is slidable. The groove is sufficiently deep to prevent the threader protruding laterally to an undue extent. The threader 1 which may be of iron, steel or other material may be formed with slots 10 as shown, through which string may be looped in S fashion. Alternatively the end 14 may be hookshaped, may be formed with suitable holes or projections, or may be coiled in the manner of a spring washer, the string being gripped between the turns of the coils. In operation, hay &c. is fed from a hopper 15 into a guideway 16 in which it is compressed by a ram 17. The needle 3 is inserted laterally at X and is fed onwards with the hay &c. being compressed. When it reaches the point Y, respective threaders 1 are inserted in the slots of the links 4, 5 of the needle 3 from opposite sides of the guideway 16. The threaders draw string through from supply means 18 and they are then returned through the succeeding needle inserted at X. The loose ends are then tied and severed.
Patent GB-1039171-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sectional structures
IPC: B63B3/08
Filed: 1963-04-24
Abstract: 1,039,171. Sectional craft. H. ROBERTSApril 6, 1964 [April 24, 1963], No. 16185/63. Headings B7A and B7B. [Also in Division E1] A sectional structure, e.g. a caravan, boat or pontoon comprises a plurality of parts 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 (Fig. 1, not shown) held together by a plurality of ligaments 16, 17 or 22 extending between anchoring means 18, 19, each ligament being displaced out of rectilinear alignment with its associated anchoring means to increase the tension therein and being provided with means 20 for further adjusting the tension. Sections 2 to 6 are fitted with locating plates 7 and the mating edges of said sections are provided with a coating of rubber or plastics, e.g. neoprene to produce a watertight seal. The sections are held together by a number of systems of ligaments two of which A and B are illustrated in Fig. 1. In system A ligaments 16, 17 pass on alternate sides of successive pillars 21 between anchoring plates 18, 19 so as to be displaced from rectilinear alignment with the apertures in said plates. Both ligaments carry a tensioning device 20. In system B a single ligament 22 is extended between plates 18, 19 but in this system hooks 23 replace pillars 21. The ligaments may be cords, ropes, metal wires or cables.
Patent GB-516522-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to indirect lighting fittings
IPC: F21V7/00
Filed: 1938-05-31
Abstract: 516,522. Lighting fittings. SKINNER. G. D., and BENJAMIN ELECTRIC, Ltd. May 31, 1938. Nos. 16235/38 and 661/39. [Classes 75 (ii) and 75 (iv)] In a lighting fitting in which an opaque reflector 2 is situated beneath the light source a reflecting prism is put in a central aperture in the reflector 2 in order to throw light on to its under side. The light through 3 may be coloured by a disc 4.
Patent GB-162636-A (GB)
Abstract: 162,636. Bosch Akt.-Ges., R. April 24, 1920, [Convention date]. Magneto-electric machines. - In high-tension ignition devices for use with internal-combustion engines having an auxiliary series spark-gap, the resistance of which is controlled automatically according to the speed of the engine, the displaceable parts of the spark-gap are mounted on rotating parts of the apparatus. Fig. 1 shows a magneto having a centrifugally-operated spark-gap between the current collector 1 and the distributor 2. The length of the gap may be constant and the resistance varied by means of an automatically-controlled shunt as shown in Fig. 10, in which a ball 21 is inserted between the collector and distributor members. Under centrifugal action the ball 21 in conducting contact with the distributor brush 23 is removed from the part 9 and increases the circuit resistance till the passage of the spark at the invariable gap 3 takes place. Other modifications are described in which one electrode of a jump-spark distributor is directly moved by, or itself forms, a centrifugally-operated member.