baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-823125-A (GB)
Title: Improved electrolytic process for purifying titanium, zirconium or hafnium
IPC: C25C3/26
Filed: 1957-07-01
Abstract: 823,125. Electrolytic production of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium. HORIZONS TITANIUM CORPORATION. July 1, 1957 [July 9, 1956], No. 20688/57. Class 41. A method of producing refined and ductile metallic titanium having a Brinck Hardness number of less than 120, comprises passing an electric current through an electrolytic cell having an anode and a cathode and a molten salt electrolyte consisting essentially of at least one alkali metal halide and at least one alkali metal fluotitanate; disposing impure titanium metal so that it is in contact with the anode and with a sludge formed by impurities during refining; and maintaining an anode current density and voltage sufficient to deposit purified titanium metal at the cathode but insufficient to liberate any halogen gas at the anode or to dissociate any of the sludge. Sodium chloride or any other alkali metal halides may be used either alone or as mixtures. Specified alkali metal fluotitanates are sodium and potassium fluotitanates. The electrolytic cell may be made of graphite, nickel, iron or stainless steel; and it may be provided with means for maintaining an inert atmosphere in the cell. The cell container may serve as the anode. Examples describe electrolysis of a melt containing sodium chloride and potassium fluotitanate. Zirconium and hafnium may be purified in a similar manner by replacing the fluotitanate by alkali metal double fluorides of these metals. Specifications 701,289, 728,523, 736,567 and 743,695 are referred to.
Patent GB-728234-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to petroleum distillation
IPC: C10G7/00
Filed: 1952-08-19
Abstract: <PICT:0728234/III/1> Gasoline is separated from crude petroleum containing a substantial proportion of light ends by a distillation process employing two stages connected in series, the first stage being operated at a pressure greater than atmospheric and at a temperature such that only about half the total gas and gasoline is distilled off therein; the heavy gasoline is obtained as distillate from the second stage which is operated at a higher temperature but at a lower pressure than the first stage.  The process is preferably carried out using two fractionating columns and the distillate from the second column may be introduced into the upper section of the first column.  Crude oil containing about 2 per cent. gas and about 14.5 per cent. gasoline is pumped through heat exchanger 12, desalting unit 16 and heat exchanger 18 into a flash zone at the lower part of column 14.  This column, which has fractionating decks above the feed inlet, is operated at a pressure of 30-50 p.s.i.g., with a bottom temperature of 300 DEG  to 400 DEG  F.  Vapours containing about 90 per cent. of the gas and about 40 per cent of the gasoline in the feed pass overhead through line 20, and are condensed; the condensate being collected in drum 24.  Some of the condensate is returned through line 26 to column 14 as reflux.  The bottoms from column 14 are withdrawn through line 30, and are passed through heat exchanger 32 to furnace 34, where the temperature is raised to 700 DEG -750 DEG  F.  The hot oil is then introduced into column 36 which is maintained at a pressure of about 10-15 p.s.i.g. Stripping steam is introduced into column 36 via line 38.  The heavy ends of the gasoline are driven overhead from column 36, and are condensed; the condensate being collected in drum 44.  Some of the condensate is returned via line 46 to column 36 as reflux.  The remainder of the heavy ends of the gasoline is passed through line 48, and is introduced in part via line 48a to the overhead vapours in line 20, and in part via line 48b to the reflux return line 26 of column 14.  All the gasoline and gas in the crude is withdrawn from drum 24 via line 28.  Side streams moved refrom column 36 account for approximately 43.5 per cent. of the crude; and the bottoms account for the remaining 40 per cent.
Patent GB-1072064-A (GB)
Title: System for transmitting digital data
IPC: H04L1/12
Filed: 1964-05-20
Abstract: 1,072,064. Data transmission. TELEFUNKEN PATENTVERWERTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT m.b.H. May 20, 1964 [May 22, 1963], No. 20802/64. Heading H4P. In a digital transmission system in which the data input speed is lower than the transmission speed extra signals are available which are transmitted whenever there is no data for transmission, whereby is transmitted a continuous flow of signals which are used for synchronization of the receiver. Start-stop characters from a computer input of 75 Bd. are converted to 5-bit characters and pass to a buffer from which they are read at 100 Bd. The characters are transmitted in blocks of 10, followed by a single bit and 12 check bits. If there is a gap in the message, e.g. due to the excess of transmission speed over input speeds, LTRS or FIGS signals are geuerated to fill the gap and form part of the block After the end of a message Bell signals are sent, also in blocks, until the next message arrives at the input. At the receiver, alternate blocks are passed to one and the other of two stores, one store being read out at 75 Bd while the other is being filled. Check bits are derived from the received data characters and compared with the received check bits. Any error detected is, if possible, corrected and the store read out to a unit which feeds a computer. If an error cannot be corrected a repetition requesting signal replaces the LTRS or FIGS signal when such would be transmitted in the reverse direction on the duplex channel. The receiver is synchronized by means of the received data. A counter fed by pulses at 100 times the bit rate provides clock pulses at bit rate by giving an output whenever it is filled. The clock pulses are compared in time with the differentiated received data pulses, and the number at which the counter pulses is varied in a direction depending on the relative times of occurrence.
Patent GB-574685-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hair curlers
IPC: A45D2/24
Filed: 1943-12-13
Abstract: 574,685. Hair curlers. CAFFERATA, R. R., and LEVY, F. Dec. 13, 1943, No. 20823. [Class 131] A hair curler comprises a substantially rectangular frame a within which is pivoted a doubled member b having corrugated limbs. A ring c adapted to be moved as indicated serves to lock and unlock the inner member b about which the hair tress is wound.
Patent GB-403904-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with apparatus for producing combustible gas from volatile liquid fuels
IPC: C10J1/12
Filed: 1932-10-13
Abstract: 403,904. Air - gas generation. CUR. IONI, A., Katonah, R.F.D.I., New York, U.S.A. Oct. 13, 1932, No. 20836/33. Divided on 399,655. [Class 55 (ii).] An air-gas generator comprises a vaporizing chamber 66 of cellular formation having a number of vertically spaced horizontal partitions 85 collecting liquid fuel spread in a thin film and forming a number of separate long narrow passages 84 providing long parallel paths of travel for the liquid which is projected in atomized form by an impeller wheel 74, an air current also being directed through the passages. The shaft of an electric motor 79 carries the impeller wheel and at its free end a fan 80 which draws gas generated from chamber 66 to an outlet pipe 82, air being sucked into a heating chamber 70, the heating elements preferably being electric bulbs 87, and thence through apertures 76, 77 into the impeller wheel housing 73. Liquid is supplied to the bottom of housing 73 from a fuel tank and is kept at a uniform level, as by means of an interposed float chamber, sufficient to submerge the lower portion of the impeller wheel. A pipe 100 conveys unvaporized residues from the outlet chamber 83 of the vaporizer back to the impeller wheel. To regulate the gas composition additional air may be admitted through an opening 103 in a conduit 81 through which the gas generated is drawn to the fan, this opening and the gas inlet 97 being controlled by a sleeve valve 104 with respective openings 109, 108, so located that rotation of the valve in one direction gradually increases and in the other decreases the proportion of fresh air.
Patent GB-373841-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to collapsible or folding camp stools, seats or the like
IPC: A47C4/38
Filed: 1931-07-21
Abstract: 373,841. Chairs convertible into headrests. RALPH, G. E., 4, Kingshill Avenue, Kenton, Middlesex. July 21, 1931, No. 20840. [Class 52 (ii).] A folding X-frame chair, Fig. 4, can be converted into a headrest, Fig. 3, by lowering the height of the canvas 5 from the ground. This is accomplished by providing a canvas of sufficient length, having rigid means, such as a bar 7 adapted to engage holes, notches or the like in the frame members 1a, 2. The holes 8, 9 may extend only partly through the members 2, while pivoted plates 11, 12 may be provided to cover the holes in the member 1a. An alternative arrangement of the canvas is shown in Fig. 5, while Fig. 8 shows alternative pockets 19, 20 for the rod 7.
Patent GB-636912-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to winches
IPC: B66D1/20
Filed: 1947-07-31
Abstract: 636,912. Winch. A. C. E. MACHINERY, Ltd., and STILES, B. L. July 31, 1947, No. 20851. [Class 78 (v)] Means for driving a winch at fast or slow speed includes a power actuated friction disc 11 whose axis of rotation is capable of displacement to enable the disc to make driving engagement with either of two cylindrical surfaces 6, 7, of different diameters both formed integral with or rigidly connected to the winding drum. As shown, winch drum 2 rotating freely on a fixed shaft has a flange 5 which forms two surfaces 6, 7 either of which may be driven by friction disc 11 fixed to shaft 9. Shaft 9 is rotatably mounted within sleeve 12 which is eccentrically mounted in bushes 13, 14 in fixed walls and lever 15 is secured to bush 14 so as to move the shaft 9 eccentrically in its bushes. The drive to shaft 9 is through pulley 8. Brake 16. Brake 16 is secured to brake arm 17 which pivots at 18 and is pressed up at its end 23 by spring 19, the latter working between fixture 20 and plate-and-nut 21 fixed on stem 22 sliding guidingly through fixture 20 so that brake 16 is normally pressed by the spring unto braking position. The means for urging end 23 down and for thus lifting the brake comprise saddle plate 27 fixed to tube 12 and connected to end 23 by pull rods 24 which have end nuts 25, 28 and pass slidingly through the end 23 and saddle plate 27. Operation. Normally, driving disc 11 is in its intermediate non-operative position and brake 16 is pressed down on to the drum. The operator moves lever 15 up or down so that driving disc 11 contacts surface 6 or 7 of the drum so as to drive it and at the same time saddle plate 27 rotates left or right and in either case pulls the corresponding rod 24 to unbrake the drum. Thus the drum is driven faster in one direction than the other.
Patent GB-778638-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for the utilisation of optical pyrometers for measuring the temperature of the metal bath during refining in a converter
IPC: G01J5/04
Filed: 1955-07-20
Abstract: 778,638. Metallurgical converters. INSTITUT DE RECHERCHES DE LA SIDERURGIE. July 20, 1955 [July 28, 1954] No. 20975/55. Class 72. A method of measuring the temperature of molten metal in a converter by an optical pyrometer comprises isolating a tuyere through which the metal is sighted and replacing the air blast through this tuyere by a blast of an inert gas at sufficient pressure to prevent air entering the tuyere and metal from falling on to the pyrometer. As shown, a tuyere 9 is isolated by a tube 7 capable of being adjusted longitudinally and having a conical end 8 which enters and seals the tuyere and having an optical pyrometer 6 secured to its other end. An inert gas, e.g. nitrogen, may be fed into the conical portion 8 from a tube. Adjustment of the length of the tube may be obtained by means of a sleeve having right and left hand threads and the tube may be fitted to a plate adjustably secured to the bottom of the blast box by a ball joint so that the pyrometer may be correctly sighted on the molten metal.
Patent GB-149240-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to thermionic receiving systems for wireless and wired wireless signalling
IPC: H04B1/16
Filed: 1920-07-12
Abstract: 149,240. Huth Ges., Dr. E. F. Oct. 13, 1917, [Convention date]. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Wireless signalling; thermionic relays and detectors; measuring apparatus.-In a thermionic receiver for wireless telegraphy or telephony, incoming energy is applied only to the anodecathode circuit of a three-electrode valve. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the anode circuit of the valve 4 is directly coupled to the aerial circuit, whilst the grid 7 is connected through a high resistance 14 and an inductance 13 to the cathode 8. The inductance 13 is shunted by a condenser 15. A condenser may also be connected in parallel with the resistance 14 to provide a low-resistance path for highfrequency variations in the grid circuit. An initial potential may be applied to the grid 7 bv means of a battery and potentiometer. A telephone 11 is included in the anode circuit, or it may be inductively coupled thereto and a condenser connected across the transformer, preferably across the primary winding, to effect a tuning to wave-group frequency. The grid circuit 13, 15 is tuned to the incoming waves and may be calibrated in wave-lengths. As shown, the arrangement acts both as a rectifier and an amplifier, but if the grid circuit be disconnected or interrupted the system acts as a rectifier onlv. By adjustment of the heating current, the anode voltage, or the circuit 13, 15, the valve may be caused to oscillate and heterodyne reception of continuous waves may be effected. The anode circuit may be coupled to the anode circuit of another similar valve circuit or to the grid circuit of an ordinary cascade series of valves, to obtain further amplification. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes an arrangement in which rectified and amplified pulsations in the telephone circuit 37, 48, Fig. 3 (Cancelled), are led back to the grid circuit through the iron-core transformer 45, thus obtaining a further low-frequency amplification. The circuit 48, 37 is tuned to wave-group frequency. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-371704-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to glass cleansing machines
IPC: A47L15/00
Filed: 1931-07-23
Abstract: 371,704. Cleaning drinking-glasses. CLARKE, T. A., Highgate Metal Works, Lombard Street, MALIN, J., 356, High Street, Harborne, and HINKS, G. F., 64, Foxhollies Road, Acocks Green, all in Birmingham. July 23, 1931, No. 21013. [Classes 19 and 138 (i).] The glass to be cleaned is inserted into a casing 12 through a cover consisting of a sheet 15 of rubber with a central opening 15a and slits 15b, the sheet being supported underneath by resilient flaps 15c. A shaft 8 adapted to be rotated by a water motor carries brushes 9, 10 and resilient pads 11a, 11b, 11c, for cleaning the interior of the glass. The bristles of the brush 9 are fan-shaped and of twisted appearance, as shown. The casing 12, which is detachably mounted, is supported in position by tubes 7c, which are perforated, whereby jets of water may be sprayed on the outside of the glass being treated. An enlargement 12a may be formed on the casing 12 to accommodate the handles of glasses so provided, the handles being cleaned by means of a brush 16.
Patent GB-532873-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in moulding sweetmeats
IPC: A23G3/20
Filed: 1939-07-20
Abstract: 532,873. Casting confectionery. DANIELS. T. July 20, 1939, No. 21100. [Class 87 (ii)] Relates to the casting of sweetmeat centres preparatory to coating with chocolate, and consists in stretching a rubber skin 6 over perforated moulds 4, removing air through a pipe 9 so that the skin is drawn into the moulds, filling the moulds with fluid material, e.g. cream, nougat or jelly, cooling to bring the material to a semi-solid condition and then allowing air to enter the pipe 9 to allow the skin to eject the cooled centres for subsequent coating. Specification 2412/05, [Class 22], is referred to. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 2412/05, [Class 22].
Patent GB-645113-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spring seating surfaces
IPC: B60N2/70
Filed: 1948-08-12
Abstract: 645,113. Spring upholstery. MARSHALL, J. E. L. Aug. 12, 1948, No. 21246. [Class 52 (iv)] Sinuous wire springs C of L-shape are secured to the front and top rails of a seat to form the seat and back surfaces. The springs may be connected by transverse ties and the bends G may be linked to the lower back rail H. The seat rails are preferably tubular and the spring ends are passed through holes E. F therein.
Patent GB-517077-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of picture sound films
IPC: G03C5/14
Filed: 1938-07-18
Abstract: 517,077. Photographic processes. I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKT.-GES. July 18, 1938. No. 21251. Convention date, July 19, 1937. [Class 98 (ii)] In the reversal development of picture sound films, for the second exposure both the picture and sound track are subjected to the same initial exposure to produce a sufficient blackening of the sound track, and then the picture track only is subjected to an additional exposure, In the apparatus shown, the film is drawn over windows 3, 4, the window 4 having a screen 6 masking the sound track. Screens 9, 10 are provided to adjust the exposure, the screen 10 being adjusted according to the density of the image produced by the first development, for example as described in Specifications 455,623 and 455,920. A single window may be used.
Patent GB-966838-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for cleaning paint applicators of the roller type
IPC: B44D3/00
Filed: 1963-05-28
Abstract: 966,838. Cleaning roller applicators for paint. E. NIELSEN. May 28, 1963 [May 28, 1962], No. 21289/63. Heading A4F. In apparatus for cleaning roller applicators for paint comprising a container 1 for cleaning liquid in which a roller applicator 17 may be mounted on a spindle 12 for rotation by an electric motor 4, the spindle 12 may be raised and supported in a bearing 20<SP>1</SP> at the lower end of a funnel 18 to enable the applicator 17 to be spin dried, the used cleaning liquid being returned to the container 1 past the spindle supporting cross 20 of the lower end of the funnel 18. In an alternative embodiment the electric motor 4 is replaced by a manually operated gearing, and the funnel is in the form of a cylinder which is supported wholly within the cleaning liquid container during the cleaning operation and partly withdrawn and held by locking means during the spin drying.
Patent GB-1088236-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to line tracing instruments
IPC: G06V30/224
Filed: 1965-05-20
Abstract: 1,088,236. Electric generators. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. May 20, 1965 [May 21, 1964], No. 21311/65. Heading H2A. [Also in Division G1] A generator for use as a line-follower pen comprises a permanent magnet ball at the tip of a ball-point type pen, and a coil in the immediate housing, whereby the voltage generated in the coil is representative of the relative movement. As shown (Fig. 1), the end 13 of the barrel of a ball-point pen houses a rotatable ball 11 which is permanently magnetized diametrically. Fixed to the barrel is a weak magnet 23 which determines the homing position of the ball, and a coil 19 of thin conductors, e.g. printed copper lines. As the pen is moved to follow a line the flux from the ball 11 cuts coil 19 and produces a voltage indicative of the movement. The ball 11 may be non- magnetic, driving a smaller permanent magnet ball at a higher speed, or the ball may carry the coil and move in the field of a stray fixed magnet, or the coil may be replaced by a Hall plate element.
Patent GB-405313-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the impregnation of textile materials by latex
IPC: D06M15/693
Filed: 1932-07-29
Abstract: <PICT:0405313/IV/1> In the impregnating of textiles with rubber, the textiles are wound on bobbins, soaked in latex, and kept in a humid atmosphere containing vapours of an anti-coagulation agent, and the bobbins are caused to rotate slowly to prevent drips from forming. Bobbins 9 of impregnated material are mounted on spindles 10 on discs 7a--d, rotating on a shaft 8 in a chamber 5 into which water and ammonia are sprayed by atomizers 4.  Coagulation is thus prevented during this period, and deeper penetration of the rubber results. Specifications 344,414; and 405,311, [Group V], are referred to.
Patent GB-481190-A (GB)
Title: Felt arrangements for horizontal press roll assemblies of paper-making machines
IPC: D21F3/04
Filed: 1936-08-05
Abstract: 481,190. Press rolls for paper-making machines. BELOIT IRON WORKS. Aug. 5, 1936, No. 21577. Convention date, May 20. [Class 96] A process of extracting water from paper webs comprising carrying a web on a liquid pervious band, sucking water from the web through the band, conveying the web and band through the nips of press rolls, the axes of which are in substantially the same horizontal plane to ensure even nip pressures, the band holding the web against a central rotating roll which may be heated to decrease the viscosity of the water in the web, thus facilitating its removal as it proceeds from one nip to the next. The web W passes on wire 10 over suction head 11a in suction couch roll 11 and under a guide roll 12 on to a carrier felt 13, with which it passes over suction press roll 14, with suction-head 14a just in advance of the nip to suck water from the web, and carry away water squeezed out by the nip. Web and felt then pass around central roll 15, and up between this and a plain roll 16. The felt 13 then separates and returns around rolls 16, 22, 23, 24, while web W passes round smoothing roll 17 or between a pair of smoothing rolls to the driers 18. Wipers 15a, 17a clean rollers 15, 17. The centre roll is mounted on a base 19 to which rolls 14, 16 are pivoted. A suitable arrangement is described in Specification 482,819. The third roll 16 may be a suction roll and the felt may be separated from the web on the centre roll and passed round a guide roll which causes it to move over the suction head of roll 16 before it and the web W pass through the nip of rolls 15, 16. The felt is thus brought into a condition to absorb more water squeezed from the web. In a modification the web is picked up at the couch roll by a felt 32, Fig. 3, and passes between felts 32 and 37 over suction head 35 in roll 34, through the nip of rolls 34, 35 and then on felt 37 only over suction head 36 of roll 34. For heavier weight webs the top felt 32 is dispensed with and the web passed under a roll 48 on to felt 37. After the treatment the paper is crÛped by being removed from centre roll 39 by a scraper 42. The web and felt may pass over the top of the centre roll instead of round its underneath side. In addition to the carrier felt, a second felt may be provided to protect the web, then sandwiched between two felts from the nips of the press rolls. The carrier felt may, if desired, in a further modification, carry the web on past the second nip to the drier which may be of the Yankee type.
Patent GB-379485-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in dental crowns and the like, and materials used in, and a process for, the manufacture thereof
IPC: A61C5/70
Filed: 1931-07-28
Abstract: An alloy for use in making dental crowns to be coated with a specified vitreous enamel of the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the alloy is prepared by melting together at a temperature of about 1500 DEG  C., 100 parts gold, 15 parts silver, 10 parts copper, and 12,5 parts platinum.  The alloy is very ductile and is rolled into thin sheets for use.