baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-669476-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic control systems
Inventor: MEREDITH FREDERICK WILLIAM
IPC: G05D1/04
Filed: 1948-02-16
Abstract: 669,476. Automatic control systems. SMITH & SONS (ENGLAND), Ltd., S. Feb. 2, 1949 [Feb. 16, 1948], No. 4524/48. Class 38 (iv). In a system for automatically varying a condition in accordance with the rate of change of a variable, a force dependent on said rate of change is applied to a movable member and a signal dependent on displacement of the movable member is applied to an amplifier the output of which controls the condition, a force dependent both on the rate of change of the condition and the differential with respect to time of said displacement signal being applied to the movable member in opposition to the first-mentioned force. In an aircraft automatic steering system, Fig. 4, a rate-of-turn gyro 1 on the craft is restrained by a torque motor 3 and is associated with a resistance potentiometer type pick-off 2, supplied from an A.C. source, giving an output which controls, through an amplifier 5, a servomotor 6 operating the rudder of the craft. With a switch 11 in its lower position, the A.C. output of a tachometer generator 7 is combined with the A.C. output of a datum setting potentiometer 8 to energize torque motor 3 which opposes the precessional torque of the gyro so that rate of turn of the craft is maintained at the chosen datum value. To reduce hunting a differential function of the pick-off signal is derived by a circuit 4 and injected into the energizing circuit of the torque motor. When it is desired to fly a straight course switch 11 is moved to the position shown to substitute for the datum setting potentiometer 8 a course monitor 9, e.g. a compass repeater associated with a potentiometer pick-off, giving an A.C. output dependent on deviation from course. To facilitate selection of the straight course to be flown the compass repeater may be disengageable from its pick-off. Application to control of an aircraft about its roll and pitch axes is referred to Specifications 611,037, 618,003, [Group XXXVIII], 617,240 and 669,471 are referred to.
Patent GB-708095-A (GB)
Title: An improved method of recovering sulphur values from flue gases
Inventor: LOWENSTEIN-LOM WALTER GERALD
IPC: C01C1/244
Filed: 1952-02-21
Abstract: <PICT:0708095/III/1> In the recovery of sulphur values from flue gases containing sulphur dioxide, the flue gases enter the base of scrubber 1 and contact a counter-current of an aqueous slurry of magnesium hydroxide forming magnesium sulphite and/or sulphate.  The mixture of unconverted hydroxide and sulphite and/or sulphate is withdrawn through pipe 2 to an oxidation and settling vessel 3, where it is blown with air entering at 4 to oxidise the sulphite to sulphate.  The resulting solution of magnesium sulphate is passed through 5 to second vessel 6 where it is contacted with ammonia gas, entering at 7, to form ammonium sulphate which is recovered, and precipitate magnesium hydroxide which is separated. The magnesium hydroxide may be reslurried and recycled to the scrubber, by passing the precipitate from vessel 6 through 12 to vessel 3 from which the settled magnesium hydroxide slurry is returned to scrubber 1 by pipe 13.  The ammonium sulphate solution from vessel 6 may be passed through a series of evaporators 9 and thence to crystal separator 11, e.g. a centrifuge, to recover the ammonium sulphate.  The liquor from ammonium sulphate crystallization may be recirculated or fresh water may be added to the slurry at 14 as desired.
Patent GB-1260116-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to loudspeaker diaphragms and loudspeakers employing them
Inventor: WARD DENNIS CHARLES
IPC: H04R7/12
Filed: 1968-01-30
Abstract: 1,260,116. Woven fabric. EMI Ltd. 24 Jan., 1969 [30 Jan., 1968], No. 4621/68. Heading D1K. [Also in Division H4]  A loudspeaker diaphragm comprises an openwork woven fabric having paper on both sides the fibres of which are united through openings in the weave to provide a unitary structure. The fabric used for the diaphragm may be woven from nylon, glass fibre or other synthetic fibres sold under the Trade Marks "Terylene" and "Melinex". Each strand may consist of one hundred or more fine filaments lightly twisted together and incorporating a light binding agent if desired. Not more than 16 strands per inch are used in both warp and weft. A 'weave locked' glass fibre woven fabric of 14 strands per linear inch in both warp and weft is particularly mentioned. The diaphragm is made as follows:-A paper cone is deposited in its wet state from a suspension of paper fibres onto a shaped gauze former. A layer of woven fabric is laid on the layer of paper while it is still wet, and the fabric gently shaped to the gauze former and secured in a temporary manner at the apex. A second layer of paper is applied on top of the fabric so that the paper fibres are drawn through the weave of the fabric, thereby entrapping the fabric firmly between the layers of paper. The cone sandwich is dried and blocked to shape whilst heated, and afterwards coated or impregnated with shellac or a suitable resin material and dried and reblocked to the desired final shape. The diaphragm cone may be circular or elliptical.
Patent GB-189032-A (GB)
Title: An improved method of making boots and shoes
IPC: A43B13/12
Filed: 1922-02-17
Abstract: 189,032. White, G. E., and Parker, E. A. Feb. 17, 1922. Connecting uppers to insoles; lasting, methods of. - In the manufacture of machine sewn boots in which the insole is split to receive temporarily a clenching plate to clench the points of the lasting tacks, an insole is used which is split from toe to the breast, and from the back of the heel to the breast, in two different planes to form flaps a - - d.
Patent GB-471659-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tyres
IPC: B60C11/03
Filed: 1937-02-16
Abstract: 471,659. Wheel tyres. FIRESTONE TYRE & RUBBER CO., Ltd. (Firestone Tire & Rubber Co.) Feb. 16, 1937, No. 4663. [Class 144 (ii)] For silent running, a tyre tread is formed with circumferential groups X-Y, Y-Z ... of projections such as 16, the spacing a, b ... of the projections in corresponding groups at opposite sides of the tread centre-line being different.
Patent GB-1460882-A (GB)
Title: Digital multipliers
IPC: G06F7/52
Filed: 1975-02-04
Abstract: 1460882 Multipliers WESTERN ELECTRIC CO Inc 4 Feb 1975 [6 Feb 1974] 4687/75 Heading G4A A digital multiplier (Fig. 5) for forming the rounded product of two data words ai (i= 0 ... n), bj (j= 0 ... m) includes cascaded stages 503 0 , 503 1 ; 503 2 , 503 3 ; ... and 505 0 , 506 0 , 507 0 , 508 0 ; 505 1 , 506 1 , 507 1 , 508 1 ; ... each stage being associated with one bit b 0 , b 1  ... of one of the data words and forming during successive time intervals the bit products of that bit with all the bits ai and each stage except the first including an adder for adding the bit products ai, bk (successively for each i) to the output of the adder of the preceding stage, the first stage adding to some bit products a predetermined binary value R (which effectively rounds up the product) and each stage except the last inhibiting the earliest outputs of the adder stages to discard the least significant bits. As described a truncating signal r 1  (=0) inhibits gate 508 0  to prevent the lowest product a 0  b 0  being transmitted to the next stage. A binary value of "1" is added to the second partial product a 1 , b 0  formed in adder 505 0  the result being fed to bi-stable 506 0  with any carry being stored in flip-flop 507 0  for addition to the next partial product formed. Truncating signals r 1  and r 2  inhibit gates 508 0 , 508 1  to prevent transmission of the bit products a 1 , b 0  and a 0 , b 1  respectively. The words are fed to the multiplier without their sign bits, the sign of the product being separately derived using exclusive OR circuitry (Fig. 3, not shown).
Patent GB-447734-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in concealed door hinges
IPC: C12P7/56
Filed: 1936-02-17
Abstract: 447,734. Concealed hinges. LEFEVRE, E. B. G., 14618, Ashton Road, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. Feb. 17, 1936, No. 4754. Convention date, March 6, 1935. [Class 65 (ii)] A concealed hinge for a vehicle door comprises a member 30 attached to the body, a member 31 attached to the door, and links 32, 33, of which the latter is the longer, pivoted to the members 30, 31, the pivots on member 30 being in a line forming a substantial angle with the outer surface of the closed door while the pivots on member 31 are on a line nearly parallel to the door surface and are further apart than those on member 30; the longer link 33 is attached to the outer pivot on member 30 and the inner one on member 31. Members 30, 31 are fixed adjustably to reinforcing members 13, 27, welded or otherwise fixed to the sheet-metal body and door, by screws passing through slots in these members into clamping plates.
Patent GB-834289-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to connections to semiconductor bodies
IPC: H01L21/24
Filed: 1957-02-12
Abstract: 834,289. Wire; making cased forms; soldering. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. Feb. 12, 1957 [March 7, 1956], No. 4765/57. Classes 83 (2) and 83 (4). [Also in Group XXXVI] An ohmic, low resistance connection to a semi-conductor body is made by alloying to the body a conductive member coated with layers of silver, lead, and silver in that order. As shown, Fig. 4, a PNIP transistor comprises a mono-crystalline germanium wafer 42 of intrinsic conductivity on which an N-type diffused surface layer has been formed and removed by etching except from one face region 41 to which two conductive members 21 are applied in accordance with the invention, each member 21 comprising a U-shaped " Kovar " (Registered Trade Mark) wire, the central portion of which has been coated with successive layers of silver 33 (Fig. 3), lead 34, and silver 35, and alloyed to the region 41 at a temperature of 500 C., P-type regions being formed on regions 41, 42 to provide emitter and collector zones 44 and 45 respectively. The discrete layers of silver and lead are applied to the conductive members by electro-deposition from silver cyanide and sulphamate or fluoborate lead baths respectively, the silver content of the plating being in the range 10-40%, preferably 20-25% by weight. Modifications.-Conductive members plated as described above are alloyed to silicon surfaces in an atmosphere of nitrogen with 15% hydrogen and <SP>1</SP>/ 10 -<SP>1</SP>/ 2 % oxygen at temperatures between 600 C. and 800 C., preferably 650-700 C. The lead-silver coating may be vapour deposited upon the conductive member, which may be of any appropriate shape and may be formed of molybdenum, tungsten, or tantalum. The invention is applicable to the connection of ohmic electrodes to silicongermanium alloys and to semi-conductor intermetallic compounds, e.g. indium or gallium arsenide, indium antimonide, and to zinc or cadmium sulphide. Specification 809,642 is referred to.
Patent GB-890399-A (GB)
Title: Jet rudder for ships
Inventor: GUTSCHE FRITZ
IPC: B63H25/42
Filed: 1959-02-11
Abstract: 890,399. Jet rudders. INSTITUT FUR SCHIFFBAU. Feb. 11, 1959, No. 4765/59. Class 114. A jet rudder consists of an inlet channel 4 located deep below the water line and a propeller pump 3 the shaft of which is arranged either vertically or horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the ship and which delivers water through a central member pivotal about the pump axis into one or other or both of two outlet apertures 6 provided on each side of the ship in accordance with the position of the control member which includes a control cylinder 5 having an outlet aperture in its wall corresponding in size to the flow cross-section of the propeller pump, the outlet aperture extending over half the cylinder periphery and being provided with a half-ring-shaped guide plate 8, the control cylinder being divided by a vertical partition 14.
Patent GB-1137384-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic cameras
Inventor: LEUSCHKE SIEGFRIED
IPC: G03B9/64
Filed: 1966-02-03
Abstract: 1,137,384. Roller blind shutters. PENTACON DRESDEN KAMERA-UND KINOWERKE VEB. Feb.3, 1966, No.4768/66. Heading G2A. A braking arrangement for the blinds 10, 11 of a roller blind shutter comprises a bent leaf spring 4 and a pivoted brake shoe 7 urged by a spring 6 into contact with the spring 4 in the tensioned position of the shutter Fig. 1 (not shown). As the shutter runs down bars 12, 13 attached to the blinds 10,11 pass into the acute angle formed by the spring 4 and the shoe 7 pivoting the shoe anti-clockwise (as seen) until a projection 8 thereof contacts the edge of a recess 16 in a plate 1 on which the shoe and springs are mounted. The bars then force the spring 4 away from the shoe 7, this action slowing them down. The blinds are brought to a complete halt with the aid of a resilient stop (not shown) and assume the position illustrated. In rewinding the blinds, the shoe 7 is pivoted completely into the recess, Fig. 3 (not shown).
Patent GB-783681-A (GB)
Title: A heat exchanger
IPC: F28F1/00
Filed: 1956-02-16
Abstract: 783,681. Heating steam boilers by hot liquids; tubular heat exchange elements. COMBUSTION ENGINEERING, Inc. Feb. 16, 1956 [March 3, 1955], No. 4854/56. Classes 64(3) and 123(2) In a boiler especially for marine use which comprises a heat exchanger wherein steam is generated by the indirect transfer of heat from a heating fluid, for example, liquid sodium, to the working medium, the heat exchanger consists of a cylindrical vessel 10 having a bottom inlet 12 for water and a top outlet 14 for water-steam mixture, the latter passing to a separator, not shown from which the steam is withdrawn and the water returns to the inlet 12' by gravity circulation. Mounted within the vessel 10 is a tube bank 16 composed of a stack of spiral, tubular coils 18 which are held in position by spacers 20 welded to upright bars 22 which are themselves welded to the vessel wall. Each coil consists of a pair of internested U-tubes such as 26, 32 positioned side-by-side and wound into a spiral coil with the return bend at the centre of the coil, the coils sloping upwardly toward the centre to allow them to be completely drained. The ends of the U-tubes extend radially through a thickened portion of the vessel wall, the inlet and outlet connections being distributed over arcs 78, 80 thereof. In order positively to prevent direct contact between the liquid sodium, for example, flowing through the coils 18 and the water passing thereover, the tubes of the coils are double-walled, as shown in Fig. 3, being' made up of a pair of concentric tubes 38, 40 having an annular passage 42 therebetween, the passage being filled with mercury or other heat-conducting fluid. The passage 42 is sealed at the tube ends by a collar 44 to which the tubes 38, 40 are welded at 46, 48 respectively. A detecting device to indicate leakage through either tube is provided consisting of an expansion chamber 50 connected with the passage 42 and having a pressure gauge 54 mounted thereon. Each end of the outer tube 40 of each U- tube is secured to the vessel wall by means of an annular connecting member 56 welded to the tube and wall and formed to accommodate limited relative movement therebetween. The liquid sodium, &c., is supplied to the inner tubes 38 from an inlet header 62 through respective expansion bend elements 64 and after passing through the tubes and expansion bend elements 70 is collected in a header 68. Baffle plates 74, 76 prevent water flow through the open centre of the coils. In a modification, the heating fluid passes over the tubes whilst the water flows therethrough.
Patent GB-725319-A (GB)
Title: Moulds for castings
IPC: B22C1/16
Filed: 1953-02-20
Abstract: 725,319. Moulding processes. SULZER FRERES SOC. ANON. Feb. 20, 1953 [March 11, 1952], No. 4859/53. Class 83 (1). A method of preparing a mould, particularly for precision casting, comprises forming a layer from refractory such as quartz bound by a solution in alcohol and water of a partially hydrolized silicic acid ester, causing or permitting evaporation of alcohol from the formed layer, forming over the said layer a second layer from an aqueous slurry of refractory and a binder, and then drying the mould. The solution preferably contains 60-90 per cent alcohol, 6-20 per cent silicic acid, 4-15 per cent non- hydrolized ethyl silicate and 6-20 per cent water. The second layer may comprise an aqueous mass of moulding sand or quartz with a binder of an inorganic acid, such as phosphoric acid, or a salt thereof, clays such as bentonite and caolin or cement. Examples of forming moulds on wax patterns are quoted.
Patent GB-654681-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a cradle for mounting an implement on a tractor
IPC: B66C23/36
Filed: 1948-02-19
Abstract: 654,681. Load handling machines ; cranes. RUSTON-BUCYRUS, Ltd. Feb. 19, 1948, Nos. 4903 and 4904. Convention dates, May 24, 1947 and June 19, 1947. [Classes 78 (iii) and 78 (iv)] [Also in Group XXI] A frame, for attachment to an endless track or wheeled vehicle, which may support either a shovel, bulldozer blade or a crane structure so that the strain imposed by these implements is transmitted directly to the traction ground supports rather than being transmitted to these supports by way of a tractor chassis. The U-shaped frame comprises two side beams which are secured to a torsion box 30 which extends the width of the machine. The side beams 29 are supported on a yoke 31 which surrounds and is pivoted at a central position on a beam 15. This beam 15 may be provided at its ends with road wheels or may slide on plates positioned in and at the front ends of the frames of the endless tracks. At the rear the frame is pivotally secured about or in the vicinity of the pivotal connections between the chassis and the ground supports. The frame is provided at appropriate places with bearings for mounting the components of the shovel, bulldozer or crane such as arms, hydraulic jacks and winches. Guide means are provided for limiting the movement of the yoke.
Patent GB-872145-A (GB)
Title: Forming bent sections of flexible hose
IPC: H04Q3/52
Filed: 1960-02-11
Abstract: 872,145. Forming bends in tubes. RESISTOFLEX CORPORATION. Feb. 11, 1960 [Feb. 20, 1959], No. 4942/60. Class 87(2). [Also in Group XXVIII] A flexible hose comprising a polytetrafluoroethylene tube with a wire braid covering 14 is bent by filling with low pressure oil (5 to 10 lbs. per sq. inch), holding it about a block 22 by clamps 24, and then increasing the oil pressure to e.g. 1500 lbs. per sq. inch for at least five minutes. After removing from the block, the hose opens out slightly and then remains permanently bent. Specification 809,307 is referred to.
Patent GB-1455721-A (GB)
Title: Measuring device for testing soil
IPC: E02D1/00
Filed: 1973-02-01
Abstract: 1455721 Measuring soil characteristics UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE 1 May 1974 [1 Feb 1973] 5064/73 Heading GIN A soil monitoring cell, which is internally pressurized by way of a central gas pipe 4, is provided with means to monitor pressure within the cell and expansion of the cell wall so that it may be expanded uniformly or at a required non-uniform rate by actuation of an inflate or exhaust valve controlled by the circuit of Fig. 6. The cell wall is formed by resilient membrane 1 and an annular metering member 9 is provided mid-way of the cell. The member has six radial grooves in which brass rods 11 are slidable, spring-urged from the pipe 4 by springs 17. Each rod has teeth 12 meshing with a respective gear 13 driving a respective rotary potentiometer, VR-1 to VR-6. The average of the potentiometer voltages varies linearly with cell expansion. To provide a uniform rate of expansion, a motor driven potentiometer VR-8 produces a command signal with which the average expansion determined by the pots is compared in op. amp. A1 and the error signal acts via relays RLE, RLI controlling gas exhaust and inflate solenoids SE, SI respectively so that the rate of expansion of the cell follows the command signal. A cell pressure transducer T measures pressure and signals it to a read-out Rp. This data can be correlated to strain data obtained from the pots. VR1-6 and displayed on strain read-out R s .
Patent GB-347788-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to variable speed gears
IPC: F16H3/66
Filed: 1930-02-15
Abstract: 347,788. Variable-speed gearing. RUSHFIRTH, S., 4, Dorset Road, Lytham- St.-Annes, Lancashire. Feb. 15, 1930, No. 5086. [Class 80 (ii).] Variable-speed gearing comprises a casing g, Fig. 1, rotatably mounted over the ends of driving and driven shafts a, band carrying duplicate lay y shafts h, h<1>, Fig. 2, and a reverse shaft j. For all speeds except solid driving, the casing g is held fast by brake t tensioned by spring t<5>. For lowest speed and reverse, pinion p<3> is slid on splines on shaft a into mesh respectively with wheels l, o. A pinion m on lay shaft h constantly meshes with a wheel d fast on shaft b. Pinion p<3> is operated by way of a hollow internal rod p and a striker r. To bring in middle speed, a loose pinion c constantly meshing with a wheel k on shaft h. is clutched to shaft a by long teeth q<3> on a splined clutch q<2>. The clutch q<2> is operated by way of an internal rod q from a striker s. The striker s is prevented from moving farther to bring in the solid drive by a link s<2> extending from the brake lever t<1> across the end of slider s<1>. To effect solid driving, a control shaft U3, Fig. 4, interconnected with the engine clutch is operated to turn a cam u and lower lever t<1>. This disengages the brake t and leaves the slider s<1> free to slide to the right of Fig. 1. A collar on shaft u<3> strikes a lever u<4> which thrusts a synchronizing friction clutch v on shaft b into engagement with casing g. The gearing turns solid so that clutch q<2> can be thrust home bringing clutch teeth q4 without shock into locking engagement with teeth e<1> in the casing g. A weight w, Fig. 2, balances shaft j. Specification 285,558, [Class 80 (ii), Gearing, Variable-speed &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-493820-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to vehicle wheels
IPC: B60B3/02
Filed: 1938-02-18
Abstract: 493,820. Vehicle wheels. TRIGGS, W. W. (Ateliers de Wagons de Brignoud [Usines Fredet]) Feb. 18, 1938, No. 5160. [Class 144 (i)] A cast metal vehicle wheel having a rim 3 integral with the disc, which latter is formed with undulations 2, having an axial width increasing from the hub towards the rim is characterized in that the curved form of the transverse profile of the undulations is increasingly accentuated the farther the profile is from the centre of the wheel, and acquires the shape of a C with re-entrant portions near the rim. The hub portion 1 of the wheel disc is plane and the shape of the transverse profile of the undulations is accentuated progressively into a sinuous form, Fig. 5, in the central portion of the disc, and then into a re-entrant form, Fig. 7, near the rim of the wheel.
Patent GB-1259806-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical heating elements
IPC: H01B3/00
Filed: 1969-01-30
Abstract: 1,259,806. Metal sheathed heating elements. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 30 Jan., 1969 [1 Feb., 1968], No. 5188/69. Heading H5H. [Also in Division C1] A sheathed electrical heating element comprises an electrical resistance element, a metal sheath, and an electrical insulating embedding composition formed from 99À9-80À0 wt. per cent of fused magnesium oxide and 0À1-20À0 wt. per cent of an additive selected from silica, clay, a silicate of an earth alkali metal (i.e. Ra, Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg and Be), of an earth metal (i.e. Ac, La, Y, Sc, Al and B) or of a carbon group metal (i.e. Th, Ce, Zr and Ti) and mixtures of these and containing less than 5 wt. per cent of an alkali metal salt or an alkali metal oxide. Additives used in the Examples are bentonite, kaolinite, silica, quartz, zircon, ball clay, mullite, kyanite, wollastonite, and olivine; many other minerals are listed as suitable additives.