baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CN-100593704-C (CN)
Title: 一种车辆怠速检测方法
Inventor: CONGHUA CHEN
IPC: G01M17/007
Filed: 2006-12-11
Granted: 2010-03-10
Abstract: 本发明公开了一种车辆怠速检测方法，是通过对车辆ACC信号、发动机的振动传感器信号、GPS模块的速度信号进行判断，当ACC信号处于接通状态，振动传感器在持续一定的时间内有检测到车辆振动，GPS模块的速度信号为零，进入怠速状态；而当ACC信号处于断开状态，或振动传感器未能检测到发动机振动信号，或GPS模块的速度信号大于零，进入非怠速状态。由此，实现了在非怠速状态下对怠速状态的检测和在怠速状态下对非怠速状态的检测，并可以记录车辆进入怠速状态的时间和退出怠速状态的时间，有利于管理单位根据这些怠速记录对司机的行为进行约束，以降低油耗和减少日常开支。该方法可适应于各种车型，具有检测可靠性高、使用方便、便于普及等特点。
Patent CN-100569527-C (CN)
Inventor: SHINGO HATTORI
IPC: B41J2/175
Filed: 2006-09-29
Granted: 2009-12-16
Abstract: 一种墨盒，包括：墨水存储构件，它在其中限定了用于存储墨水的墨水存储腔室；以及可动构件，它设置在墨水存储腔室中，且构成为随着墨水存储腔室中的墨水量减少而运动，其中可动构件包括能够随着可动构件的运动而运动的遮光构件，其中墨水存储构件包括受检测部分，并且该受检测部分在其中包括通路，遮光构件可动地设置在该通路中，并且该通路由与可动构件运动的运动平面大致平行的一对壁形成；该墨盒的特征在于：在遮光构件和所述那对壁之间设有一对第一空间，受检测部分包括位于遮光构件下方的至少一个第二空间，第二空间与所述那对第一空间连接，并且第二空间比那些第一空间中的一个第一空间窄。
Patent CN-100548248-C (CN)
Inventor: HENRIK HERINGSLACK
IPC: A61F11/14
Filed: 2006-04-26
Granted: 2009-10-14
Abstract: 一种用于听力保护单元的耳机，所述耳机包括限定出面向使用者的降噪空间(4)的耳机内部部分(1)。所述耳机进一步具有用于容纳电子器件和/或电流源的耳机外部部分(2)。所述耳机内部部分(1)和所述耳机外部部分(2)通过分隔部(5)分开，所述分隔部(5)与所述耳机内部部分(1)被制造为一体部件。除了其中设置了位于支架上的固定部分(9)的开口(6)以外，所述分隔部(5)大体上处于封闭状态。所述固定部分(9)具有用于使供应导体通过并到达扬声器(7)的中心通道(15)。所述供电导体具有被置于所述分隔部(5)的外侧上的用于连接至电子器件的触点。所述支架还具有沿所述扬声器(7)的周部进行延伸的隔板(8)。
Patent CN-100458089-C (CN)
Title: 多层升降停车架
Inventor: HANG ZHANG
IPC: E04H6/18
Filed: 2007-05-23
Granted: 2009-02-04
Abstract: 本发明涉及一种交通设施，为多层升降停车架：在像电梯那样的竖井内，设置多个可重叠的由卷帘机带动升降的停车架板，每层停车架板之间由软链连接，当一辆汽车开上最上一层停车架底板时，启动卷帘机将其提升到一辆汽车高度的空间，当第二辆汽车进入第二层停车架底板时，再启动卷帘机将第一层、第二层停车架底板再联动一同提升到一辆汽车高度。另外，再在第一个竖井旁，设置同样一个竖井，该竖井内另设一卷帘机及由该卷帘机带动升降的单一停车架板；在两个竖井之间，各层均设置有汽车互通通道，当某层停车需开走时，只需启动第二竖井卷帘机，将停井架底板提升到该层时，即可将该车开上第二竖井的停车架底板，降到地面开走了。
Patent CN-100565437-C (CN)
Title: 车用操控系统及方法
Inventor: ZHENMING HUANG
IPC: H05K11/02
Filed: 2007-04-12
Granted: 2009-12-02
Abstract: 一种车用操控系统包含主机及遥控基座。主机具有第一传输接口、储存单元、处理单元及显示单元。储存单元储存多个程序码。显示单元显示与该等程序码相对应的多个功能选项其中的至少一。遥控基座是与主机分离设置、并具有输入单元及第二传输接口。当输入单元产生输入信号时，输入信号是通过第二传输接口及第一传输接口传输至处理单元，处理单元依据输入信号选取该等功能选项其中之一或执行该等程序码其中之一。且当处理单元选取功能选项其中之一前，显示单元放大显示被选取的功能选项。另外，本发明亦揭露一种车用操控方法。
Patent CN-100457548-C (CN)
Title: 一种非轴对称组合处理机匣
Inventor: YAJUN LU
IPC: B64D29/06
Filed: 2007-11-09
Granted: 2009-02-04
Abstract: 本发明涉及一种应用在轴流压气机上的非轴对称组合处理机匣。该非轴对称组合处理机匣包括一个开有非轴对称分布的包含不同结构形式的处理槽的处理环，以及一个或两个调距环。而该处理环包括开有圆弧斜槽式处理槽的激励区和开有反旋涡浅槽式处理槽的缓冲区。该非轴对称组合处理机匣的设计考虑到了轴流压气机发生失速时的非轴对称流场，对压气机转子的叶尖区流场产生非定常激励作用，并能取得比传统的轴对称结构的处理机匣技术更好的效果，除了能明显扩大压气机的稳定裕度外，还能提高压气机的绝热效率。
Patent MX-7348-E (MX)
Inventor: TORCK BERNARD
IPC: C07C41/05
Filed: 1979-11-07
Abstract: An ether is prepared by reacting a selected olefin with an alcohol in a two reaction zone system: in the first reaction zone, the catalyst is dispersed in the liquid phase of the reactants and boiling of the mixture is avoided; in the second reaction zone, the catalyst is in a fixed bed. A cooled recycle stream is fed back to the first stage reactor. The catalyst is a sulfonated ion exchange resin in the acid form.
Patent PT-1201042-E (PT)
Inventor: HOLTZMAN JACK
IPC: H04B1/7103
Filed: 2000-07-18
Abstract: Several methods and corresponding apparatus reduce multiple access interference in code division multiple access communications systems (100) through successive interference cancellation techniques. An estimate of reliability of cancellation of a strongest interfering signal is formed from analysis of a pilot signal associated with the strongest signal. The estimate is used to derive a weight that is multiplied by a replica of the strongest signal to provide a weighted replica. The weighted replica is subtracted from a delayed version of the received channel. As a result, interference cancellation is robustly implemented when the strongest signal replica is most likely to be accurate and is not robustly implemented when the strongest signal replica is not likely to be accurate.; This avoids combining a replica of the strongest signal with the received channel when the replica is more likely to contribute additional interference rather than reduce it.
Patent PT-1228160-E (PT)
IPC: C09K3/14
Filed: 2000-08-30
Abstract: Fine abrasive powders can be made more free-flowing and better adapted to electrostatic upward projection deposition in the production of coated abrasives by the control of the volume resistivity of the powder to a level that is not greater than 1014 ohms.cm by incorporation of a silica powder.
Patent PT-1235532-E (PT)
Inventor: LUTHARDT RALPH GUNNAR
IPC: A61C13/00
Filed: 2000-12-07
Abstract: Tooth restorations are produced starting from data preferably obtained by optical or mechanical digitizing of prepared teeth and/or teeth of one jaw or of both jaws, intraorally, or from jaw models or partial models of one jaw or of both jaws, extraorally, a subsequent CAD construction of aforementioned restorations being produced in the way that an outer mold, in opposition to the oral cavity is constructed by the primary shaping of the tooth restoration, consisting throughout of high strength ceramic material, taking into account sinter shrinkage.
Patent PT-1240683-E (PT)
Inventor: MARIE FRANCOIS
IPC: H01Q1/24
Filed: 2000-12-14
Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor of the type that comprises a system of co-localized antennae, itself comprising at least two active antennae (1) with the same phase center, said antennae being placed at the top end of a mast (4) and connected to down conductors (3). According to the invention, said mast (4) is produced from a dielectric material in such a way as to enable the antennae to be decoupled. The sensor also has filtering means (51 to 5n) which are arranged on at least one of said down conductors.
Patent PT-1265694-E (PT)
Inventor: AFNAN ALI MOHAMMAD
IPC: B01F29/60
Filed: 2001-02-12
Abstract: Apparatus for mixing a number of components comprising a vessel for receiving the components, drive means for rotating or oscillating the vessel about an axis to effect mixing of the components within the vessel, and at least one spectroscopic monitoring means for repeatedly scanning the mixture to obtain data for use in monitoring changes in the spectroscopic profile of the mixture as mixing proceeds, the monitoring means by mounted off-axis relative to the axis about which the vessel is rotatable or oscillatable.
Patent PT-1354307-E (PT)
Inventor: MONTELS JEAN MARC
IPC: G08G1/097
Filed: 2001-12-19
Abstract: The invention concerns a screen monitoring device (1) for controlling conformity of written data with those transmitted by an electronic module (5). It comprises means for comparison (7) between a first information (8, 8a) displayed on the screen delivered by a generator (6) and a second information (13) read by detecting means (11) on the screen. The first information (8, 8a) is of the on/off type or of random type. The invention is applicable to all types of screens.
Patent PT-1400494-E (PT)
Title: Electrochemical treatment of ammonia in waste-water
Inventor: SEED LEONARD PAUL
IPC: C02F1/467
Filed: 2003-09-15
Abstract: In a sewage treatment plant, dissolved ammonium is extracted from the waste-water stream, and is transferred to a body of secondary water. The secondary water is passed through an electrolysis station, where the ammonium is transformed to nitrogen gas. The capture and transfer can be done by ion-exchange, the electrolysis then being done on the regenerant water. Or the capture and transfer can be done by first transforming the dissolved ammonium to ammonia gas by raising the pH of the waste-water, then passing the ammonia gas through acidic secondary-water, in which the ammonia dissolves, the electrolysis then being done on the acid-water. The electrolysed, ammonium-diminished, secondary-water can be re-used in further capture/transfer episodes. The secondary-water does not mix with the waste-water stream. <IMAGE>
Patent PT-1494853-E (PT)
Title: Fluoropolymer-perfluoropolymer laminate
Inventor: FUKUSHI TATSUO
IPC: F16L11/04
Filed: 2003-03-13
Abstract: An article comprising a first layer consisting essentially of a substantially solid perhalogenated polymer, a second layer consisting essentially of a substantially solid partially-fluorinated polymer, and a bonding interface between said first layer and said second layer consisting essentially of a first material having the composition of said first layer and a second material having the composition of said second layer. Also provided is a sheet comprising a first layer comprising a perhalogenated polymer, a second layer comprising a partially-fluorinated polymer, and a bonding interface between said first layer and said second layer consisting essentially of a first material having the composition of said first layer and a second material having the composition of said second layer. The layers may also include adjuvants. Also provided are various articles such as fuel hoses and films for solar cells as well as various methods of making multilayer fluoropolymer assemblies.
Patent PT-1537114-E (PT)
Title: Organic compounds as agents for the treatment of aldosterone mediated conditions
Inventor: KENNA JEFFREY MC
IPC: A61P5/40
Filed: 2003-08-06
Abstract: Compounds of formula I provide pharmacological agents which are inhibitors of the P450 enzyme, aldosterone synthase, and thus may be employed for the treatment of aldosterone mediated conditions. Accordingly, the compounds of formula I may be employed for prevention, delay of progression, or treatment of hypokalemia, hypertension, congestive heart failure, renal failure, in particular, chronic renal failure, restenosis, atherosclerosis, syndrome X, obesity, nephropathy, post myocardial infarction, coronary heart diseases, increased formation of collagen, fibrosis, and remodeling following hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. Preferred are the compounds of formula I which are selective inhibitors of aldosterone synthase devoid of undesirable side effects due to general inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Patent PT-1514610-E (PT)
Title: Split shroud for coating dispensing equipment
Inventor: CEDOZ ROGER T
IPC: B05B15/02
Filed: 2004-08-23
Abstract: A dispenser includes an opening through which coating material is dispensed, a coupling for coupling the opening to a source of coating material to be dispensed, and a shroud (60) for enclosing at least a portion of the dispenser. The shroud (60) includes two portions which engage each other at first and second joints which extend generally longitudinally of the shroud (60). <IMAGE>
Patent PT-1601451-E (PT)
Title: Device for circulating grain products
Inventor: BRAUTFERGER NORBERT
IPC: B65D88/74
Filed: 2004-03-03
Abstract: A device for circulating a grain product includes feed screw for the grain product and a connected drive unit for driving the feed screw. The drive unit is non-rotatably connected with a support body with a lower support surface which is inclined relative to the axis of the feed screw. The support body includes a surface area capable of withstanding the transport capacity of the feed screw. The support body further includes at least one blocking plate immersed in the grain product, wherein the surface area of the blocking plate is sized to withstand the peripheral forces generated by the rotating feed screw.
Patent PT-1708962-E (PT)
Title: Chlorine dioxide releasing composite article
Inventor: SPERONELLO BARRY K
IPC: C01B11/02
Filed: 2004-07-30
Abstract: A composite article that includes a ClO2-producing material integrated into an organic matrix and methods of using the same are described. The organic matrix of the composite article is formable at a temperature under about 150° C., permits contact between an activating stimulus (e.g., water vapor and/or electromagnetic energy) and the ClO2-producing material when the composite article is exposed to the activating stimulus, and is permeable to ClO2.
Patent PT-1762539-E (PT)
Title: Method and device for filling a container with a predetermined quantity of fluid and related filling machine
Inventor: MONTAVOCI SANDRO
IPC: B67C3/00
Filed: 2005-09-13
Abstract: The device comprises a nozzle (14) for delivering a fluid flow into the container (12), a valve (16) comprising a movable valve member (27) for controlling the fluid flow, a means (54) for sending a position control signal to the movable valve member (27), such that said movable valve member (28) is expected to follow an expected displacement vs. time curve which adjusts the quantity of fluid delivered into the container (12) to the predetermined quantity.  The device further comprises a sensing means (56) for sensing a point of the actual displacement vs. time curve followed by the movable valve member (27) in response to the position control signal, and a comparing means (58) for comparing the sensed point to the corresponding point of the expected displacement vs. time curve.
Patent PT-1657951-E (PT)
Title: Authorisation of external control of mobile terminals thanks to radio frequency identification (rfid)
Inventor: FAISY CHRISTIAN
IPC: H04W8/24
Filed: 2005-11-08
Abstract: The system has a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag (1) implanted on a mobile terminal (3) that is present in a restricted geographic zone (R2), which is under the control of a third party equipment (4). The equipment has a processing unit (42) comprising a decision-making unit determining to send a control instruction (10) executable by a module for controlling the operation of a processing unit (30) of the terminal. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) a mobile terminal (B) a portable electronic module for authorizing external control of a mobile terminal (C) a method for authorizing external control of a mobile terminal.
Patent PT-2033664-E (PT)
Title: Sterilization method
IPC: F02C7/10
Filed: 2001-05-17
Abstract: An ion generating device generates O 2  - (H 2 O)  n   (where  n  is a natural number) as negative ions and H + (H 2 O)  m   (where m is a natural number) as positive ions, and discharges those ions into the air so that airborne germs are killed through an oxidation reaction by hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2  or radical hydroxyl OH generated through as an active species a chemical reaction between the negative and positive ions. Satisfactory sterilization is achieved when the negative and positive ions are generated in such a way that the concentrations of the negative and positive ions are both 10,000 ion/cc at a distance of 10 cm from the point at which they are generated.
Patent PT-1927292-E (PT)
Title: Synergism of gos and polyfructose
Inventor: SPEELMANS GELSKE
IPC: A23L33/00
Filed: 2005-05-17
Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of prebiotics. Provided are uses for compositions comprising synergistically effective amounts of polyfructose and galactooligosaccharides (GOS).
Patent PT-2258424-E (PT)
Title: Medication injector apparatus
Inventor: ATTERBURY WILLIAM GODWIN
IPC: A61M5/31
Filed: 2002-05-08
Abstract: A medication injector apparatus such as an injection pen. The injection pen includes a resettable, cartridge plunger drive assembly including an axially floating nut, a cartridge plunger engaging screw, and a drive clutch movable with the nut and which when rotated causes the screw to screw through the nut. When a cartridge assembly is mounted to the pen base, the floating nut and drive clutch are shifted proximally such that the drive clutch is in torque transmitting engagement with a rotatable drive member of the pen, such that rotation of that drive member results in drive screw advancement through the nut in the distal direction. When the cartridge assembly is not mounted to the pen base, the floating nut and drive clutch are biased distally to disengage the drive clutch from torque transmitting engagement with the rotatable drive member and to thereby allow the drive screw to be reset proximally through the nut to a position more retracted within the pen base. The injection pen includes a doseable quantity identifier that uses a rotational matrix (500) and a sensor (502) for electrically sensing the arrangement of the dose setting mechanism of the pen, which identifier may be part of a therapeutic dose indicating system that utilizes a cartridge recognizer to recognize a concentration of medication so as to allow an automatic determination of a therapeutic dose. The injection pen further may include an assembly for selectively rotating a drive sleeve of the pen, which assembly has a dial that rotates out during dose setting and which translates in without rotation during dose injecting.
Patent PT-2774518-E (PT)
Title: Shower door assembly
Inventor: WUXIANG WEI
IPC: A47K3/30
Filed: 2013-04-11
Abstract: A shower door assembly is disclosed comprising a stationary frame, a movable frame having a window, an upper frame, and an adjusting assembly. The adjusting assembly further comprises an adjusting block and a fixing block. The adjusting block is disposed between the stationary frame and the movable frame and at least partially received in the stationary frame, and the adjusting block further includes an extension portion on a surface of which a first engaging element is disposed. The fixing block is received in the upper frame and includes an eccentric rotary block having a second engaging element and a base portion having a passage for receiving the extension portion. The eccentric rotary block is rotatable about the base portion.
Patent PT-568437-E (PT)
Inventor: MAYOL ROBERT F
IPC: A61P25/26
Filed: 1993-04-26
Abstract: Compounds of Formula I <CHEM> or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt and/or hydrate thereof wherein   R   is halogen and trifluoromethyl; X   is oxygen and acetyl; the single and dotted lines represent either a covalent single or double bond; n   is an integer from 2 to 4; and Z   is hydrogen and <CHEM> in which R<1> is hydrogen, halogen, C1-4 alkoxy and trifluoromethyl, which are psychotropic agents having promise as antidepressants by virtue of their receptor site binding affinity profiles and animal pharmacology.
Patent PT-703246-E (PT)
Inventor: GELUS EMMANUEL
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1994-09-22
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for (co-)polymerizing olefin(s) comprising introducing into a polymerization medium the olefin(s), a titanium-based catalyst of Ziegler-Natta type, an organometallic cocatalyst and a halogenated hydrocarbon compound in an amount effective for increasing the catalyst activity in the (co-)polymerization, the amount being such that the molar ratio of the quantity of the halogenated hydrocarbon compound to that of titanium is comprised between 0.01 and 0.1, or between 0.001 and 0.15 when the (co-)polymerization is carried out continuously. The process is particularly useful in a continuous gas-phase (co-)polymerisation of olefin(s). <IMAGE>
Patent PT-719220-E (PT)
Inventor: BELLUCI BARRY P
IPC: B42D15/10
Filed: 1994-09-19
Abstract: An identification instrument such as a pocket-sized card includes both human-recognizable an machine-readable indicia. The human-recognizable material may be any combination of photographs, graphical or textual information, with the machine-readable section encoding any or all of the human-recognizable areas in their entirety. When the card is presented for verification, the machine-readable section is scanned, decompressed and/or deciphered and compared to the database used to generate the human-recognizable section or sections. Only with a substantial matching of the information may the card and its user be authenticated. Preferably, a Symbol Technologies compliant two-dimensional barcode is used as the machine-readable encoding format. Multiple levels of encryption and decryption are also described in conjunction with enhanced security.
Patent PT-799273-E (PT)
Inventor: HARVEY LEONARD WILLIAM
IPC: C08J3/12
Filed: 1995-12-13
Abstract: An improved process for preparing free flowing tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) polymer powders is disclosed in which a TFE polymer powder is (1) wetted with an aqueous solution containing a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of (a) ethylene glycol ethers, (b) propylene glycol ethers and (c) diols or triols, (2) agglomerated and (3) dried.
Patent PT-745600-E (PT)
Inventor: HORIKOSHI HIROYOSHI
IPC: C07D417/10
Filed: 1996-05-31
Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): <CHEM> Äin which: X represents an optionally substituted benzimidazole group; Y represents an oxygen or sulphur atom; Z represents a 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidenylmethyl, 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 2,4-dioxo-oxazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 3,5-dioxooxadiazolidin-2-ylmethyl or N-hydroxyureidomethyl group; R represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, amino or aralkyl; and m is an integer from 1 to 5Ü; have valuable activity for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a variety of disorders, including one or more of: hyperlipemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), insulin resistance and diabetic complications.
Patent PT-821960-E (PT)
Inventor: MULLNER STEFAN
IPC: G03G5/047
Filed: 1997-07-28
Abstract: Use of compounds of formula (I) and their isomers is claimed for modulation of apoptosis. R1 = 1-4C alkyl; one of R1, R3 = 1-8C n-alkyl, (CH2)nCOCH3 or (CH2)nC(R4)(OH)CH3; the other of R1, R3 = H, 1-7C alkyl, 4-8C cycloalkyl, 2-6C alkyl interrupted by O; n = 1-6; R4 = H or 1-3C alkyl. Also claimed is a combination preparation containing (I) and compounds of formula (IV) and/or (V) or their stereoisomers or salts for modulation of apoptosis. R5 = 1-4C alkyl, 3-5C cycloalkyl, 2-6C alkenyl or 2-6C alkynyl; R6 = CF3, OCF3, SCF3, OH, NO2, halo, benzyl, phenyl, CN or phenoxy (optionally substituted by 1-4C alkyl, halo, OCF3 or OCH3); R7 = 1-4C alkyl, halo or H; and X = CH or N.
Patent PT-884292-E (PT)
Inventor: RIZZA MICHEL
IPC: C04B22/06
Filed: 1998-03-30
Abstract: A binder composition, for production of paints, slurries, mortars and plasters, contains 3-80 wt.% water-glass, 1-70 wt.% hydrated and/or burnt lime and 0.1-50 wt.% silica-containing component, preferably an aerosil, microsilica, pozzolana and/or quartz. The composition may also include setting regulating compounds such as phosphates, phosphonates, chlorides and organic additives.
Patent PT-927923-E (PT)
Inventor: RIDDIFORD MARTIN PHILIP
IPC: G06F1/16
Filed: 1998-12-11
Abstract: The bearing has elements which are rotatably arranged on an axle, and are respectively connected to the system unit and the keyboard unit. The elements are moved against spring power, to overcome a blocking element, and shift into defined positions. The computer comprises a system unit, a keyboard unit and a display unit, which are mounted to rotate about a common axle. The keyboard and system units are arranged externally, and are locked in a closed position and in an open position. The keyboard and system units are arranged at an angle of rotation of 180 degrees, with respect to the closed position. The display unit can be rotated and locked in a position of zero to 90 degrees, with respect to the system unit. The hinge bearing comprises an axle (33) connected to a first outer element, such as the keyboard, by the two sections (32,35). The axle is connected to a second element, such as the system unit, by two other sections (20,34). A middle element, such as the display screen, is connected on the remaining axle sections. A spring (41) acts on the bar section (35) and urges it against another section (34). The projection (37) on one section (34) acts against the face (40) of a the bar section, to resist the rotation of the hinge when fully opened, or when closed.
Patent PT-1010168-E (PT)
Inventor: HAMME HUGO VAN
IPC: G10L21/0208
Filed: 1998-02-13
Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing convolution noise from a signal such a one carrying speech information. The signal is transformed into a log-spectral domain where a smoothed model is fitted to the log-spectrum subject to constraints of concavity and an overall bandpass shape. The smoothed model has quadratic segments of negative curvature and linear segments, the segments being smoothly joined at breakpoints. The model, which may be recursively updated, is subtracted from each log-spectral data vector.