baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-997246-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of freeze-drying foodstuffs
Inventor: FODDY WILLIAM HENRY
IPC: A23L3/44
Filed: 1963-01-31
Abstract: 997,246. Freeze-drying foodstuffs. VICKERS ARMSTRONGS (ENGINEERS) Ltd. Jan. 20, 1964 [Jan. 31, 1963], No. 4113/63. Heading A2D. In the freeze-drying of liquid foodstuff material, e.g. milk or coffee, or solid foodstuff material submerged in a liquid, the foodstuff material is placed in a container, the base of the container is cooled to freeze the material in the container and produce a frozen block of material bonded to the base, the frozen material is subjected to vacuum and, whilst maintaining the material under vacuum, heat is supplied to the base such that (i) the temperature at the interface between the base and the frozen block of material remains during this heating step below the temperature of the thawing point of the frozen material whereby a layer of frozen material is maintained bonded to the base, and (ii) there is a temperature gradient across the thickness of the layer, the colder side of the layer being that remote from the base as that heat flows from the base through the layer to effect drying of the material on the colder side of the layer, the thickness of which decreases as drying proceeds, and the water contained in the material is driven off directly from the ice state to the water vapour state. In a preferred procedure, the drying is conducted upon a tray 1, Fig. 1, within a vacuum apparatus 7 provided with condenser plates 10 and a vacuum pump (not shown). When the tray is in position ducts 5 and electric heaters 6 at the base of the tray cooperate respectively with supply pipes for a heat transmission medium and a source of electrical energy. The liquid foodstuff material 11 to be dried is de-aerated by the temporary application of vacuum, liquid cooling medium is circulated through the ducts 5 so that the foodstuff material is slowly frozen from its bottom layer upwards, a high vacuum (e.g. of 0.15 mm. Hg absolute) is applied when freezing has been completed, liquid medium at a higher temperature is passed through the ducts 5 to establish the required temperature gradient and as drying proceeds the thickness of the ice layer 14 bonded to the tray gradually decreases to zero. The remaining traces of moisture are removed from the material by heating above the thawing point either by operating the electric heaters 6 or, alternatively, by passing liquid heating medium through the ducts 5. The tray 1 may contact the walls of the vacuum chamber in order to conduct heat from the outside. In alternative embodiments, the de-aeration and freezing of the material on the tray are carried out before the material and tray are placed in the chamber and heat is applied by radiation. An example is directed to the freeze-drying of milk.
Patent GB-179313-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical plug switches, switch fuses, and the like
IPC: H01R13/70
Filed: 1921-02-03
Abstract: 179,313. Shanahan, H. F. Feb. 3, 1921. Switches w i t h o u t quick action; switches, quick-break. - Relates to switches, plug switches, switch fuses, &c., and consists essentially in a switch element comprising, as shown in Fig. 1, a base 3 carrying contacts 13, a rotatable disc 1 carrying contacts 6, 7 on its upper and lower surfaces, and a lid 10 carrying contacts 12, 11 on its inner and outer surfaces; all of these contacts registering with one another when the switch is moved to the " on " position by a key adapted to engage a turning head 4 on the disc 1. Contacts 6, 7 are metallically connected, as are contacts 11, 12. Contacts 13 are spring- pressed upwards so as to grip the contacts 6, 7 in the " on " position, and a quick-break may be obtained by a spring attached to the disc 1, and lost motion between the key and the slot 5 in the turning-head 4. Fig. 2 shows one form of plug adapted for use with the switch. The spring- pressed contacts 22 are adapted to engage the contacts 11, and the key 25 enters the slot through a slit 17 in the lid. The arrangement is such that the key can only be inserted and withdrawn when the switch is in the " off " position and the contacts 11 are made segmental in plan so that they are engaged by the contacts 22 before the switch is closed. In lieu of the above-described type of plug, a plug having contacts in the form of prongs for insertion in sockets in the contacts 11, and an independently revolving key, may be used. The upper part of the plug may also be adapted to hold a fuse wire connecting the two contacts.
Patent GB-1405051-A (GB)
Title: Silencers
IPC: B05D7/16
Filed: 1973-01-26
Abstract: 1405051 Coatings for silencers IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 11 Dec 1973 [26 Jan 1973] 4125/73 Heading C3R [Also in Division F1] Silencers for internal combustion engines are coated with polyarylene polyesters to reduce corrosion. The silencers may be coated inside and outside by applying the polyarylenepolyether as a solution, the solvent subsequently being vaporized.
Patent GB-1299672-A (GB)
Title: Channel selector apparatus for the reception of electrical signals
IPC: H03J1/06
Filed: 1970-01-28
Abstract: 1299672 Channel tuners; television PHILIPS ELECTRIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 28 Jan 1970 [31 Jan 1969] 4133/70 Headings H3Q and H4F In a channel selecting apparatus for a television receiver which has a channel selector 13 with capacitance diodes and pre-adjustable potentiometers 1 for tuning the channel selector, each of the channels pre-adjusted by the potentiometers can be switched in by means of a control device, such as pushbutton switches 17 located in the housing of the apparatus outside a drawer 5, and the potentiometers with their adjusting means 11 are arranged in the drawer 5 which is movable from a closed to an open position to enable the adjusting means 11 to be operated. To adjust the tuning the drawer 5 is pulled out and adjusting members 13 of the wave band channel selector switches 3 project upwards so that the channel selected can be altered. Also adjustment to the potentiometers 1 is obtained by the milled adjusting wheels 11. The bottom plate 7 of the drawer 5 is formed with printed wiring interconnecting the potentiometers 1 and miniature switches 3. In a modification the switch adjusting members 13 extend through slots in a plate (not shown) which covers the drawer, with the exception of the adjusting wheels 11, and these slots guide and act as stops for the adjusting members 13.
Patent GB-693392-A (GB)
Title: Weather proof protection for a two wheel vehicle
IPC: B62J19/00
Filed: 1951-02-21
Abstract: 693,392. Weather proof covers for vehicles. JONES, W. F. Feb. 20, 1952 [Feb. 21, 1951], No. 4184/51. Class 136 (i) A flexible weather proof protection for a two wheeled vehicle comprises a casing 2 attached to the rear mudguard and containing a roller 4 mounting a weather proof flexible sheet 6 which can be unwound through an opening 5 in the casing for protecting the vehicle and rewound for stowing away by a manually operable knob 7 on the roller. End caps 3 provide bearings for the roller 4. The sheet 6 is widest at its forward end so that it may be draped about the sides of the vehicles and is provided with elastic loops to anchor it to the handle bars 13 and with loops 11 which engage with foot rests 12. The casing 2 has draining holes 14.
Patent GB-151528-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in supporting percussive rock drills
IPC: E21B44/08
Filed: 1920-02-11
Abstract: 151,528. Fisher, S. Feb. 11, 1920. Percussive drills.-A self-aligning drill-support for eliminating the lateral wandering of the drill produced by the yielding of the joint between the tool and drill, comprises a cradle carrying the drill, which is supported by the tool forwardly and by a universal connexion rearwardly. The drill is secured to a carrier 16 which slides in a T-section cradle 15. A spring 19 surrounds the cradle 15 and bears upon a front plate 20 of the carrier 16 and an anchor 21 which engages a tooth in the cradle 15. The spring is periodically compressed by shifting forward the anchor 21 to feed the drill. The cradle is supported forwardly by a yoke 30 provided with renewable bearings 32, 33, Fig. 3, for the tool which carries it, and rearwardly by a connexion comprising a pivot 24 and a foot 25 with prongs 26 which engage suitable hcles in a bar 28 supported by and angularlyadjustable in a hole 29 in the footwall.
Patent GB-1107744-A (GB)
Title: Substituted benzoic acid lactones having estrogenic properties
IPC: A23K1/16
Filed: 1966-02-01
Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula <FORM:1107744/C2/1> wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl, bromoaryl, aralkyl or carboxylic acyl group, the R groups being the same or different, are obtained by the selective reduction of the corresponding diphenolic ketone, one or both of the phenolic groups optionally being etherified or acylated before or after the reduction.  Therapeutic compositions having estrogenic properties and useful in promoting the growth of meat-producing animals, contain the above compounds as active ingredient.  The composition may be in a form suitable for oral or parenteral application, e.g. as a constituent of an animal foodstuff. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 951,349.
Patent GB-411228-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to marine steering gear
IPC: G05D1/02
Filed: 1933-02-13
Abstract: 411,228. Steering -gear. WHITTALL, A. J., 9, Roseneath Road, Urmston, Manchester, and ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London. Feb. 13, 1933, No. 4425. [Class 114.] Marine steering- gear includes a continuously running motor and a manually operated steering wheel which is adapted to bring appropriate clutches of the motor into play when back-lash is taken up. The chain barrel 3 connected to the rudder is driven by a shaft 11 and gears 9, 10 from a shaft 8. This shaft can be actuated by gears 16, 17 from a shaft 18 which is coupled to the shaft 26 of a steering wheel 20. It may also be operated by gears 6, 7 through a clutch 4 from motor 1 or by gears 12, 15 through a clutch 5, the appropriate clutch, which is preferably electromagnetic, being engaged as a result of back-lash in the hand steering gear. The steering wheel 20 drives through bevel wheels 23, 24, a shaft 26 and also slidably by means of the key 29 a hollow nut 28. Engaging the nut is a threaded member 27 which by reason of its quick thread can give a longitudinal motion to the nut and in so doing operates the pivoted lever 33 which is linked by a rod 35 to the switch gear for energizing the electromagnetic clutches.
Patent GB-564277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to concrete fence posts
IPC: E04H17/20
Filed: 1943-03-18
Abstract: 564,277. Fence posts. PRATT & CO. (1928), Ltd., J. A., and JANES, S. March 18, 1943, No. 4431. [Class 45] A reinforced concrete fence post 1 is cast with mortices 2 for receiving the ends of the rails or gravel board. The mortices 2 are greater in length than the rail end or tenon to allow of the rail being fixed at various heights, the securing of the rail being effected by pins 7 passed through holes in one face of the post to enter, after traversing the rail, corresponding holes in the opposite face. Holes may be provided, if desired, also in the rail tenons. Wooden or like filler pieces may be inserted in the mortices 2 above or below, or both, the rail, and be secured similarly by pins 7. The rails may also be reinforced.
Patent GB-104759-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Devices for Holding the Shades, Light Reflectors or Diffusers for Lamps, such as Electric Incandescence Lamps.
Inventor: MITCHELL JOHN BATTEN
IPC: F21V17/06
Filed: 1916-03-27
Abstract: 104,759. Mitchell, J. B., Shaw, A. B., and Taylor, W. March 27, 1916. Shade, reflector, and like holders.-Shades, reflectors, or light-diffusers for electric or other lamps are supported on the inner side so that they can be readily disengaged from above or from underneath the shade &c., when it is desired to remove them for the purpose of being cleaned. As shown in Fig. 1 applied to a pendent electric incandescent lamp, two spring-controlled arms d pivoted to the lamp-holder a are provided with extensions. g bent to form outwardly projecting shoulders adapted to engage the inner side of the shade i, as shown, the arms being also provided at their supporting points with curved lateral wings h to afford additional support to the shade. The arms may be fixed to a sleeve adapted to be applied to an ordinary lamp-holder, the sleeve being slit vertically to enable it to be passed over the leads, and to accommodate the switch spindle when it is slid into position on the holder. In a modification, the arms are formed of wire coiled to form a spring connexion at the upper end, thus dispepsing with the pivotal connexion.
Patent GB-1082413-A (GB)
Title: Vacuum degassing of molten metal
IPC: B22D11/113
Filed: 1966-02-02
Abstract: <PICT:1082413/C6-C7/1> Apparatus for de-gassing molten metal consists of an evacuated vessel into which the metal is drawn through an inlet tube and from which it leaves through a discharge nozzle into a second de-gasification chamber.  The treated metal may then be discharged, as to a continuous casting plant, or may be returned to the original receptacle. As shown in Fig.2, metal is caused to rise from ladle 6 into first vacuum chamber 1, possibly aided by electromagnetic pump 17' or lift gas from pipes 23, 25, and passes from there to second chamber 5.  It may then be returned to ladle 6 by pipe 16 or 16', or discharged to continuous casting mould 8. The rate of flow to the mould may be controlled by adjusting the rate of return to ladle 6 by means of pump 17.  The plant may be used to decarburize molten steel, in which case oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas such as CO2 may be used as the lift gas, or a low pressure of oxygen may be maintained in one or both of the vacuum chambers; alternatively unwanted elements such as copper, lead, tin, zinc, bismuth, antimony, cadmium or arsenic may be volatilized, aided possibly by the use of halogen or halogen compound as a lift gas.  By recirculating the metal more than one treatment may be carried out. Alloying additions may be made to the steel while it is passing through one or other of the vacuum chambers.
Patent GB-592672-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the recovery of liquors from the process for the production of cellulose
IPC: C08H5/02
Filed: 1945-02-23
Abstract: In a process for the recovery of lignin from the lye liquors resulting from the manufacture of cellulose, particularly by the alkali method, the liquors are passed into a receptacle, hot gases containing carbon dioxide pumped at such a temperature that the temperature of the liquors is not increased above 60 DEG C. to precipitate the lignin and form sodium carbonate or bicarbonate, the temperature for the liquors being increased to about 90 DEG C., and the coagulated liquors separated.  The gases used may be from the boilers of the cellulose producing plant and may be cooled before use.  The lignin may be separated by a rotary filter of cotton cloth or a filter process washed in slightly acid water and dried.  The filtered liquids may be regenerated by treatment with lime to form sodium hydroxide, no steam being used in this step.
Patent GB-975752-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fluid amplifiers
IPC: F15C1/04
Filed: 1963-02-05
Abstract: 975,752. Valves. SPERRY RAND CORPORATION. Feb. 5, 1963 [March 28, 1962], No. 4630/63. Heading F2V. [Also in Divisions G3 and H2] Flow of fluid to the control jets of pure fluid amplifiers, in which a jet of power fluid is caused to discharge to either of a pair of outlets by the action of control jets at right angles to the power fluid stream, is controlled by an element or elements a physical dimension of which is varied by application of an electric field. As shown in Fig. 2, a fluid passage 15, 17 is controlled by a pair of parallel-connected piezo-electric elements 19<SP>1</SP>, 19<SP>2</SP> so arranged that their lengths perpendicular to the fluid flow axis vary between the dotted and full lines in response to application or removal of the potential of a battery 28, and the action can be reversed by change of polarity. Alternatively, an alternating potential may be applied. Electrostrictive effect, using a ferroelectric material, may be employed but in this case the change in dimension is independent of polarity, so that it may be desirable to apply a polarizing D.C. field upon which an A.C. field can be superposed to cause elongation and compression of the elements. Alternatively, a remanent internal polarization may be set up in the elements. The flow-controlling elements may be ferromagnetic in which case they are subject to electromagnetic fields which may have a D.C. biasing current and an A.C. modulating current. The elements 19<SP>1</SP>, 19<SP>2</SP> may be supplemented by a second pair of elements whose axis of elongation is at right angles to that of the elements 19<SP>1</SP>, 19<SP>2</SP>. The two pairs may be spaced from each other along the fluid flow axis or they may be shaped as in Fig. 8 and arranged in a single plane. An alternative form comprises a split ring 39, Fig. 9, and flow of fluid from an inlet 41 to an outlet 17 is controlled by variation of the ring gap width in response to flexural deformation of a portion of the ring between terminals 42, 43, one terminal being connected with an electrode 44 plated on the exterior cylindrical surface of the ring and the other terminal being connected with an electrode on each side face of the ring. Another embodiment utilizing flexure is shown in Fig. 14 in which two flat plates 50, 51 with surface electrodes connected to terminals 52, 53 and 54, 55 are caused to flex towards each other as indicated by dotted lines.
Patent GB-247976-A (GB)
Title: Process for rendering cement receptacles, pipes, walls, blocks and the like liquid tight and impervious to chemical agents
IPC: C04B41/52
Filed: 1926-02-18
Abstract: 247,976. Itier, J. A. H. Feb. 18, 1925, [Convention date]. Waterproofing blocks.-A process for rendering cement blocks impermeable to liquids and chemical agents consists of treating blocks with concentrated silicate of potash solution, drying, treating with sulphuric acid at 65‹ BÚ., soaking with acidulated water, rinsing and treating with a solution of sodium alginate or pectinate at 3‹ B‹., and with a solution of resin soap.
Patent GB-1447562-A (GB)
Title: Vaginal speculum
IPC: A61F2/82
Filed: 1973-12-04
Abstract: 1447562 Speculum R D DAVIS 4 Dec 1973 [4 Dec 1972] 4805/76 Divided out of 1447561 Heading A5R The subject-matter of this Specification is identical with that described in the parent Specification 1447561, but the claims are concerned with the provision of fibre optic lighting mounted along at least one side edge of the blade for providing internal vaginal illumination.
Patent GB-1361507-A (GB)
Title: Doublewalled vessels
IPC: B01J19/00
Filed: 1972-02-02
Abstract: 1361507 Double walled vessel CREUSOT-LOIRE 2 Feb 1972 [12 March 1971] 4889/72 Heading B1X A double walled chemical reaction vessel has outer shell 10 and protective inner skin 11 separated by . a gap through which heat exchange fluid can flow, the gap being occupied by a grating made up of regularly undulating strips positioned on edge in the gap and contacting one another along the crests of the undulations, the depth of the grating being the same as the width of the gap, and the strips co-operating to form a plurality of cells each communicating with at least two adjacent cells. The grating may comprise at least two superimposed layers of strips which need not be of the same material, or may be as shown comprising ribbons 21, 22, 23 each of which has along its length regularly spaced slits 3, the undulations being formed to project from the plane of the strip in opposite directions above and below each slit. The grating material may or may not be rigid.
Patent GB-564292-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to surgical sutures
IPC: A61L17/00
Filed: 1943-03-30
Abstract: A non-absorbable surgical suture carries, by adsorption and impregnation, a sulphonamide compound so that infection and suppuration of a wound &c. are prevented in the vicinity of the suture.  In the preferred form, an alkali metal salt of a sulphonamide compound, e.g. sodium sulphathiazole, is used, since such salts are stated to be extremely water soluble.  In an example, a suture is prepared by immersing it in, or spraying it with, an aqueous solution made by dissolving 0.25 grms. of NaOH or KOH in 100 c.c. of distilled water into which 1 grm. of sulphathiazole is added. Thus, the proportions by weight of alkali metal hydroxide, sulphonamide compound and water in the solution are substantially 0.25 : 1 : 100.  The period of treatment is preferably 24 hours.  It is stated to be desirable that the alkalinity of the metal salt of the sulphonamide compound be not higher than pH 9.2.  Examples of non-absorbable sutures given are cotton, silk and multifilament or braided threads of nylon.  Specification 560,676 is referred to.
Patent GB-1030032-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to chuck assemblies
IPC: B23B31/175
Filed: 1964-02-07
Abstract: 1,030,032. Chucks. S-P MANUFACTURING CORPORATION. Feb. 7, 1964 [Feb. 7, 1963]. No. 5290/64. Heading B3B. [Also in Division F2] A lever or wedge-operated or scroll chuck comprises a jaw-carrying body 14 adjustable radially on a means 50 for mounting the chuck on a spindle. The jaws are operated by a drawbar 13 and levers 29. The jaws are adjustable according to the location of keys 19. A dust bushing 33 has a bore for guiding a boring bar. The spindle 11 has a conical spigot 52 engaged by the ring 50 loosely secured to the chuck body 14. Numbered screws 60 in a ring 42 are used to adjust the chuck until a workpieee therein is concentric with the spindle.
Patent GB-853264-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of leuco sulphuric acid esters of vat dyestuffs of the anthraquinone series
IPC: C09B9/02
Filed: 1957-02-15
Abstract: Vat dyestuffs of the anthraquinone series which are difficult to esterify (as defined in Specification 719,621) are converted into the leuco sulphuric esters by reducing the finely dispersed dyestuff with zinc, copper or iron and a hydrogen halide, an anhydrous saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid or an anhydrous halogenated aliphatic carboxylic acid and reacting the leuco compound so obtained with a sulphating agent.  Specifications 274,156 and 585,106 also are referred to.
Patent GB-796442-A (GB)
Title: Insulated pilot weld nut or the like
IPC: B02C4/22
Filed: 1956-02-21
Abstract: 796,442. Anchor-nuts. OHIO NUT & BOLT CO. Feb. 21, 1956 [March 16, 1955], No. 5314/56. Class 89(1) A weld-nut &c. comprises a metal-body 15, Fig. 3, with at least one weld-projection 2 on one face and a pilot-member P1 to locate the nut relatively to the panel &c. 4, and made of a material of substantially greater electrical resistance than the material of the body. The pilot may be of an electrically-insulating material e.g. nylon, fibre, hard-rubber &c. and has a plain bore of smaller diameter than the screwed bore 14 of the nut &c., thereby to lock a co-operating screwed-member. In a modification, the pilot-bore is screwed in continuation of the body-bore and has no locking- effect. In another arrangement, the pilot consists of a sleeve of the above material applied over an integral-extension of the body. In yet another arrangement, the body 18, Fig. 5, has a closed-end 19, and the pilotbore 24 is of larger diameter than the major-diameter of the screwed-bore 26 of the body. Specification 742.744 is referred to.