Patent GB-586547-A (GB)
Title: Synchronization and regeneration of electric telegraph signals
IPC: H04L7/00
Filed: 1943-11-18
Abstract: 586,547. Code telegraphy. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO., Ltd. Nov. 18, 1943, No. 21259/45. Convention date, Nov. 19, 1942. Divided out of 586,513. [Class 40 (iii)] To develop potentials for phasing the distributer of a telegraph receiver, pulses, termed " front end " pulses and " back end " pulses, of baud frequency are derived from the local source controlling the speed of the distributer, these pulses co-operating with " start of mark " and " end of mark pulses derived from the received signals to determine the charges on two condensers in accordance with the error in phasing, the charges on the two condensers being then compared, and means being also provided for preventing the condensers from becoming equally charged when the " back end " pulses occur before the "front end " pulses. In Fig. 3 a baud frequency input from the aforesaid source is fed via transformer 56 with a suitable phase delay with respect to signals, and sets up short pulses in the outputs of amplifiers 75, or 75a which are fed in opposite phase and are keyed by signals so as to produce the " front end " and " back end " pulses during marks. These pulses are applied to commutating pairs of gas discharge tubes 84, 85 and 84a, 85a, associated with diodes 90 and 90a through which condensers 89, 89a are charged. The " start of mark " and " end of mark " pulses are derived from the signals and appear in the outputs of amplifiers 121, 123. In a signal mark occupying one baud, a " start of mark " pulse strikes a gas discharge tube 92a, se discharging condenser 89a and quenching a gas discharge tube 103 by commutation. Tube 84a is also struck and tube 85a is quenched by commutation and condenser 89a begins to charge. A " front end " pulse then strikes tube 85a, so that condenser 89a ceases to charge, tube 84a is quenched by commutation, and the grid bias on tube 103 is lowered. Tube 92 is also struck and condenser 89 discharged and tube 84 is struck and 85 quenched. Condenser 89 charges till tube 92 is struck by a "back end pulse, thus discharging the condenser. Since tube 85 is blocked, the condenser re-charges. The " end of mark " pulse then strikes tube 85 so that condenser 89 ceases to charge. The charges on condensers 89,89a at the ends of marks are compared when tubes 93, 93a are rendered conducting in the absence of a marking signal. The final charges on condensers 89, 89a are independent of the length of a mark. If the locally generated pulses, are reversed in phase so that " front end pulses and " back end pulses are transposed the misplaced " back end " pulse has no effect on the charging of condenser 89a but strikes tube 103 and biasses tube 84 so that' it cannot be struck by the " front end " pulse and tube 85 remains conducting and condenser 89 does not charge. Thus the charges on condenser 89, 89a at the end of mark will be widely different as required. The phase correction is effected by actuation of a phase shifting device as shown in Fig. 2. 5 is the standard tuning fork generator constituting the local source controlling the feed of the distributer. This source feeds a phase-shifting, network 40, 41, 42 having output transformers 43, 44 having earthed mid-points and their secondary windings connected across pairs of opposite quadrant electrodes 45, 46 and 48, 49 respectively, the latter being associated with rotor 50 which is capacitatively coupled with one or two of the electrodes according to the position of the rotor. The rotor 50 is moved by a motor unit operated from the relay 36 (Fig. 3) which is included in the outputs of tubes 93, 93a and responds in accordance with the sense of the difference in charge on condenser 89, 89a. A phase corrected output is obtained between rotor 50 and earth and uncorrected output is taken from between one of the quadrants, e.g., 48, and earth. Pulses derived from the phase corrected output are employed for the regeneration of signals in the circuit represented in Fig. 4 (not shown), which forms the subject of Specification 586,513.