Patent GB-952975-A (GB)
Title: Waveshape recognition system
IPC: G06G7/19
Filed: 1962-10-25
Abstract: 952,975. Automatic character reading. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Oct. 25,1962 [Nov. 10, 1961], No. 40424/62. Heading G4R. In a character recognition apparatus the character is sensed to produce a waveform signal such as those shown in Fig. 3 and the waveform is recognised by magnetising cores 40(1)-40(m), Fig. 4 to an extent proportional to the amplitude of the signal at various points A-E, providing each core weighted windings connected in sets appropriate to each character so that when the cores are reset the sets each produce a signal representing the match between the waveform and the waveshape the set is designed to recognise. The cores, in the form of Fig. 4, are initially fully magnetised in the negative direction Fig. 2. The waveform signal is applied by a driver circuit 41 which converts both the positive and negative portions of the waveform into positive currents in a lead 42 passing through all the cores. The current in lead 42 is ineffective to alter the state of any of the cores because it is less than the value I1. The sample values of the waveform are read into the cores by pulsing each at an appropriate instant with a positive current of value I1 on leads 44(1)-44(m). The core is thereby set by an amount proportional to the signal amplitude at the given instant. This is effected by a scanning pulse generator operated in time with the movement of the character. The cores are all reset to "I" by a circuit 50 connected to a reset line 49 and voltages are induced in output windings 47(1)-47(m), 48(1)-48(m) &c. according to the degree of positive magnetisation of the core and the number of turns in the windings. The winding sets are designed to respond to particular waveforms for example by having a number of turns proportional to the amplitudes of the corresponding A-E values or perhaps proportional to the squares of these values. The highest output at resistor 51(1)- 51(n) indicates the best match. The input signals may be normalised so that each contains the same energy. In another arrangement Fig. 6 a pair of cores is provided for each waveform sample serving to store its polarity as well as its amplitude. The cores are initially negatively magnetised as before but the scanning pulses have a value Isc which would bring each core to the demagnetised condition. The signal currents Is are applied in the additive direction to one of the cores of each pair and in the subtractive direction to the other on leads 59, 58 Fig. 5 so that one of the cores becomes positively magnetised and the other remains negatively magnetised, the difference being proportional to the absolute value of the sample amplitude. Output windings are provided on each core and the outputs for each pair are added, appearing across terminals 65, 66, the polarity of the output being the same as the polarity of the sample. The windings of each set are interconnected as before, reverse connections being made to core pairs corresponding to negative samples, but the voltages induced on resetting cause the highest voltage to be produced in the set of windings corresponding to the input waveform. Diodes 68(1) &c. connect the sets with the reset line 70 so that the current is drawn through the highest voltage set to the exclusion of the other sets. Accordingly only this set gives an output. Specification 796,579 is referred to.