Patent EA-005227-B1 (EA)
Title: Production method for light petroleum products and device for carrying out said method
Inventor: CHERNOV GENNADIY ALEXEEVICH
IPC: B01D3/14
Filed: 2002-01-16
Abstract: 1. A method for producing light petroleum products, in which a hydrocarbon stock is pumped through heat exchangers and successively heated by means of the heat of evacuated products, wherein at the first step heavy gasoline is used for heating, at the second step diesel oil, at the third step masut and at the fourth step light gasoline vapors and simultaneously cooling said evacuated products, the stock flow is divided with respect to the number of first rectifying columns and the stock is finally heated using direct heating electric furnaces and transferred to the first rectifying columns for separation into required fractions by distillation, after which the obtained vapour are passed through first water-cooled dephlegmators, from which non-condensed light gasoline vapour are delivered as a heat carrier to corresponding heat exchangers for heating the stock and afterwards to water coolers and liquid products are returned to first rectifying columns, residual oil of said liquid products are heated in furnaces and pumped to a second rectifying column, temperature in which is higher than that in first columns, and heavy gasoline, diesel fuel and masut are fractionated products, said products are delivered as heat carriers in corresponding heat exchangers for heating the stock through a second dephlegmator, wherein heavy gasoline is cooled in a cooler and united with light gasoline and predetermined heat balance is maintained in all rectifying columns by direct heating electric furnaces. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrocarbon stock is heated by the evacuated products, namely by heavy gasoline at (35-40) degree C, diesel fuel at (115-120) degree C, masut at (25-30) degree C and light gasoline vapors at (1-1.5) degree C with simultaneous cooling of said evacuating products at (145-150) degree C, (225-230) degree C, (240-245) degree C, (5-6) degree C correspondingly, and the hydrocarbon stock is finally heated by electric furnaces at (10-20) degree C, light gasoline vapors are passed through the first dephlegmators with a temperature drop of cooling water by (25-30) degree C, wherein the stock is water cooled in coolers by (85-95) degree C with a (25-30) degree C temperature drop, the temperature in the second rectifying column is set higher than that in the first rectifying columns by (135-140) degree C, and the evacuated products are cooled in the second dephlegmator with a temperature drop by (25-30) degree C. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the following parameters are controlled during the production process at least two parameters are controlled: raw material temperature at inlets and outlets of heat exchangers in all heating steps, the temperature of discharge products at inlets and outlets of heat exchangers in all heating steps, the temperature at inlets and outlets and the level of products in furnaces, the temperature at inlets and outlets of rectifying columns, at trays and in bottom capacities, the level and pressure of liquid in rectifying columns, the temperature and volume of water consumed by coolers, the temperature and volume of water consumed by dephlegmators, and the temperature of cooled products being discharged therefrom. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that samples of evacuated products are taken at regular intervals, samples of heavy and light gasoline are taken at least 5 times/day at outlets of corresponding coolers, and at least 2 times/day from straight-run gasoline collector, fraction composition, density and gasoline color are controlled, diesel fuel samples are taken 2 times/day at outlet of corresponding heat exchanger, fraction composition, density, kinematic viscosity, temperature of solidification and cloud are controlled, masut samples are taken 1 times/day at outlet of corresponding heat exchanger, density and kinematic viscosity are controlled. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that water consumption for dephlegmator cooling of second rectifying column exceeds by 1.4-1.6 times its total consumption supplied to dephlegmators of first rectifying columns, and total cooling water consumption supplied to coolers exceeds by 11-12.5 times its consumption supplied to the cooler of heavy gasoline. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that water consumption for dephlegmator cooling of second rectifying column exceeds by 4.5-4.8 times its consumption supplied to each of dephlegmators of first rectifying columns. 7. A device for carrying out the method of producing light oil products according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising stock storing facilities with a level gage, a feed pump, a regulating valve of total stock consumption, stock heating heat exchangers, heat carrier of the first of them is heavy gasoline, of the second diesel fuel, of the third masut, in parallel regulating valves of stock consumption, the fourth heat exchangers using light gasoline vapors as heat carrier, direct heating electric furnaces with open spiral, first rectifying columns, each having a dephlegmator connected to the fourth heat exchangers for feeding light gasoline and provided with direct heating electric furnaces, direct heating electric furnaces of bottom residuals of first columns and a second rectifying column with a dephlegmator provided with a direct heating electric furnace in its strengthening part and connected to the first heat exchanger, via a valve system, for feeding diesel fuel to the second heat exchanger and diesel fuel collector, for feeding masut to the third heat exchanger and masut storing facilities, heat carrier outlets of the first and fourth heat exchangers are connected to straight-run gasoline collector via coolers, refrigerant circuits of which are connected to the water recycling system using stop and regulating valving, connected to dephlegmators of rectifying columns and provided with a flow gage, wherein the heat exchangers, furnaces, coolers, dephlegmators and columns are provided with measuring means both at inlets and outlets of heat carrier, stock, water and evacuated products temperature. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that comprises 16 pumps of oil product circulation, 12 water feed pumps, 2 pumps of bottom residual feed to the second rectifying column, 6 pumps of final products discharge, 4 pumps of feed stock and a return pump to stock facilities, wherein all direct heating electric furnaces with open spiral have 300 kW capacity and with specific surface density 30-50 kW/m<2>, with a heat-transfer coefficient 100-200 W/(m<2> degree C), heat exchange area of heat exchangers is 124 m<2> and 82 m<2> for coolers. 9. The device according to any one of claims 7, 8, characterized in that water feed conduits in coolers of light and heavy gasoline have diameters which relate as 5:4, wherein that water feed conduits in dephlegmators of first rectifying columns and in dephlegmator of second rectifying column have diameters which relate as 4:5. 10. The device according to any one of claims 7, 8, characterized in that water feed conduits in dephlegmators of first rectifying columns and in the dephlegmator of second rectifying column have equal diameters.