Patent GB-538897-A (GB)
Title: Process for glazing fabrics and yarns
IPC: D06M13/46
Filed: 1940-03-26
Abstract: 538,897. Cellulose ethers ; treating textiles with liquids &c. ROHM & HAAS CO. March 26, 1940, No. 5443. Convention date, May 23, 1939. [Classes 2 (ii) and 15 (ii)] [Also in Group VIII] A fabric, yarn, or like material is given a lustrous finish which is permanent to washing or dry cleaning bv applying to it a watersoluble or alkali-soluble cellulose ether and a quaternary ammonium salt containing the | grouping R-O-CH 2 -N-X wherein R is an # aliphatic hydrocarbon group and X is a saltforming anion, drying the treated fabric, glazing it with a hot calender, and heating it to a temperature of at least 260‹ F. Cellulose ethers which may be used include ethyl, methyl, hydroxyethyl, and carboxy ethyl cellulose. The anion X may be chloride, bromide, ethyl sulphate, or acetate. The remaining valencies of the nitrogen atom may be linked with aliphatic, alicyclic, or aralkyl groups, or by a hydrocarbon ring as in pyridine. Examples of suitable quaternary ammonium salts are given including oleyloxymethyl or cetyloxymethyl pyridinium sulphite, isobutyloxymethyl dimethyl #-methallyl ammonium chloride, and dodecyloxymethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. Compounds containing a benzyl, allyl, methallyl, or crotyl radical attached to nitrogen are preferred as are also compounds containing two aliphatic oxymethyl groups such as dodecyloxymethyl octyloxymethyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and cetyloxymethyl butyloxymethyl morpholinium chloride. Compounds in which two of the valencies of the nitrogen atom are linked with a divalent hydrocarbon or ether radical may be used. Water-repellent effects are obtained with hydrocarbon chains of fourteen or more carbon atoms attached to the oxymethyl group. Treatment with the cellulose ether and with the quaternary ammonium salt may be effected in one or in separate baths. The fabric may be impregnated with a thick solution or paste of the ether, dried, passed through dilute acid, rinsed and squeezed or dried, and then impregnated with a, solution of the quaternary ammonium salt. The solutions or pastes may contain buffering or catalytic substances such as acetic acid, sodium acetate, borax, ammonium chloride, or trimethyl benzyl ammonium ethyl sulphate. After the solution has been applied, the fabric may be placed in a tenter frame and brought to the desired width during or following the drying operation. The heat treatment may be combined with the hot calendering treatment. The heating produces a chemical reaction between the cellulose ether and the quaternary ammonium salt resulting in fixation of an insoluble compound in the fabric. In examples, bleached cotton percale, cotton fabric mercerized and dyed with naphthol red, unmercerized printed cotton fabric bearing naphthol and indigosol colours, and dyed and mercerized nainsook, are subjected to the treatment. The impregnating solution may contain a little emulsified paraffin wax. Impregnation may be effected in a back-filling machine, or slop-padding machine. The process is applicable to the treatment of cotton, linen, or rayon fabrics such as upholstery fabrics, curtains, table-linen, ribbons, yarns, and braids. Pattern effects may be obtained by local treatment. In addition to the lustre effect, the treatment renders the fabrics resistant to shrinking and tearing.