Patent GB-602886-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pigment emulsions, the manufacture thereof and the dyeing of fabrics therewith
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1945-07-19
Abstract: An emulsion for use in dyeing and printing comprises an aqueous continuous phase containing a pigment dispersed therein with the aid of a water-soluble compound formed from a non-convertible alkyd resin and ammonia or an alkylolamine, e.g. triethanolamine, and a disperse phase comprising a thermo-hardening synthetic resin binder dissolved in a water-immiscible organic liquid.  In an example a castor oil-modified alkyd resin of acid value 25 to 30, mixed with ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, is used.  Suitable thermo-hardening synthetic resins are those formed from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea, buiret and melamine, and heat-convertible phenol-aldehyde and alkyd resins. Plasticisers such as dibutyl phthalate and tricresyl phosphate may be included. Organic liquids which may be present are benzene, toluene, xylene, white spirit, solvent naphtha, butanol, and cyclohexanol. The pigments used may be azo pigments, metal salts of nitroso-beta-naphthol, phthalocyanine pigments, iron oxides, chrome yellows, and titanium dioxide.  Thickeners, such as sodium alginate, gum tragacanth, British gum, and methyl cellulose may be added to the emulsions.  A fatty acid such as oleic acid may be present in a quantity insufficient to combine with all the ammonia or alkylolamine.  In preparing the emulsion, the thermo-hardening synthetic resin dissolved in the organic liquid may be dispersed in a mixture of the pigment, water, and dispersing agent; alternatively, the alkyd resin component of the dispersing agent may be originally present in the organic liquid.  Another method of preparation involves emulsifying a mixture of the pigment, organic liquid, and resins in an aqueous solution containing the ammonia or alkylolamine; the pigment migrates into the aqueous phase.  The emulsions are applied by padding to fabrics, paper, or chome leather, and the material then dried and heated to harden the binder.  According to the Provisional Specification the emulsion may include thermoplastic resins, such as polyvinyl esters, polystyrene, and polyacrylic acid derivatives.ALSO:An emulsion for use in dyeing and printing comprises an aqueous continuous phase containing a pigment dispersed therein with the aid of a water-soluble compound formed from a non-convertible alkyd resin and ammonia or an alkylolamine, e.g. triethanolamine, and a disperse phase comprising a thermo-hardening synthetic resin binder dissolved in a water-immiscible organic liquid.  In an example, a castor oil-modified alkyd resin of acid value 25 to 30, mixed with ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, is used. Suitable thermo-hardening synthetic resins are those formed from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea, buiret and melamine, and heat-convertible phenol-aldehyde and alkyd resins.  Plasticisers such as dibutyl phthalate and tricresyl phosphate may be included. Organic liquids which may be present are benzene, toluene, xylene, white spirit, solvent naphtha, butanol and cyclohexanol.  The pigments used may be azo pigments, metal salts of nitroso-beta-naphthol, phthalocyanine pigments, iron oxides, chrome yellows and titanium dioxide.  Thickeners, such as sodium alginate, gum tragacanth, British gum and methyl cellulose may be added to the emulsions.  A fatty acid such as oleic acid may be present in a quantity insufficient to combine with all the ammonia or alkylolamine.  In preparing the emulsion, the thermo-hardening synthetic resin dissolved in the organic liquid may be dispersed in a mixture of the pigment, water and dispersing agent; alternatively, the alkyd resin component of the dispersing agent may be originally present in the organic liquid.  Another method of preparation involves emulsifying a mixture of the pigment, organic liquid and resins in an aqueous solution containing the ammonia or alkylolamine; the pigment migrates into the aqueous phase.  The emulsions are applied by padding to fabrics, paper, or chrome leather, and the material then dried and heated to harden the binder.  According to the Provisional Specification, the emulsion may include thermoplastic resins, such as polyvinyl esters, polystyrene and polyacrylic acid derivatives.ALSO:An emulsion for use in dyeing and printing comprises an aqueous continuous phase containing a pigment dispersed therein with the aid of a water-soluble compound formed from a non-convertible alkyd resin and ammonia or an alkylolamine, e.g. triethanolamine, and a disperse phase comprising a thermo-hardening synthetic resin binder dissolved in a water-immiscible organic liquid.  In an example a castor oil-modified alkyd resin of acid value 25 to 30, mixed with ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, is used. Suitable thermo-hardening synthetic resins are those formed from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea, biuret and melamine, and heat-convertible phenol-aldehyde and alkyd resins.  Plasticisers such as dibutyl phthalate and tricresyl phosphate may be included. Organic liquids which may be present are benzene, toluene, xylene, white spirit, solvent naphtha, butanol, and cyclohexanol.  The pigments used may be azo pigments, metal salts of nitroso-beta-naphthol, phthalocyanine pigments, iron oxides, chrome yellows, and titanium dioxide.  Thickeners, such as sodium alginate, gum tragacanth, British gum, and methyl cellulose may be added to the emulsions.  A fatty acid such as oleic acid may be present in a quantity insufficient to combine with all the ammonia or alkylolamine.  In preparing the emulsion, the thermo-hardening synthetic resin dissolved in the organic liquid may be dispersed in a mixture of the pigment, water, and dispersing agent; alternatively the alkyd resin component of the dispersing agent may be originally present in the organic liquid.  Another method of preparation involves emulsifying a mixture of the pigment, organic liquid, and resins in an aqueous solution containing the ammonia or alkylolamine; the pigment migrates into the aqueous phase.  The emulsions are applied by padding to fabrics, paper, or chrome leather, and the material then dried and heated to harden the binder.  According to the Provisional Specification the emulsion may include thermoplastic resins, such as polyvinyl esters, polystyrene, and polyacrylic acid derivatives.