Patent GB-800091-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the heat treatment of filaments, fibres, threads, films and sheets and material formed therefrom
Inventor: AUDAS FRANCIS GEORGE
IPC: B60P7/12
Filed: 1954-11-13
Abstract: A method of and apparatus for heat treating, e.g. setting, while in the dry state, a filament, fibre, thread, film or sheet, or a material formed therefrom, comprises locating the material in a (fluidized) bed of hot particles of silica sand whilst subjecting the bed to an upward current of air, the size and weight of the particles, the velocity and nature of the current and the disposition of the material being so chosen that the forces exerted by the current on the particles are just sufficient to counterbalance the gravitational <PICT:0800091/IV (a)/1> force on the free particles and to expand the bed.  The current of air is supplied to the bottom of each bed and through the bearings of perforated ceramic rollers 22, 45, and it is uniformly distributed by partitions 109, 110.  Electric &c. heating elements 113, 115, and height adjustable baffles 118, 119 to reduce localized disturbances, are provided in the fluidized beds, and heaters 117 are also provided in a soaping bath 29.  In operation, fabric &c. 12 is passed through a dye bath 14 and then through adjustable mangling rollers 17, 18, the upper one of which is rubber surfaced and the lower one of stainless steel.  The fabric then passes through the first fluidized bed, over an agitating rod 24 which removes any adhering sand and beneath a weighted roller 26 into a soaping bath 29.  The fabric is then rinsed in a bath 37, passed to the second fluidized bed, and taken away via a second agitating rod 46 and mangling rollers 48, 49.  Examples describe the heat treatment of polyester yarns to modify their physical characteristics and the heatsetting of polyamide, polyester, and cellulose triacetate fabrics.  Specification 773,598, [Group XIII], is referred to.ALSO:<PICT:0800091/IV (c)/1> A method of and apparatus for heat treating, e.g. dye fixing or setting, while in the dry state, a filament, fibre, thread, film or sheet, or a material formed therefrom, comprises locating the material in a (fluidized) bed of hot particles of silica sand whilst subjecting the bed to an upward current of air, the size and weight of the particles, the velocity and nature of the current and the disposition of the material being so chosen that the forces exerted by the current on the particles are just sufficient to counter-balance the gravitational force on the free particles and to expand the bed.  The current of air is supplied to the bottom of each bed and through the bearings of perforated ceramic rollers 22, 45, and it is uniformly distributed by partitions 109, 110.  Electric &c. heating elements 113,115, andheight -adjustable baffles 118, 119 to reduce localized disturbances, are provided in the fluidized beds, and heaters 117 are also provided in a soaping bath 29.  In operation fabric &c. 12 is passed through a dye bath 14 and then through adjustable mangling rollers 17, 18 the upper one of which is rubber surfaced and the lower one of stainless steel.  The fabric then passes through the first fluidized bed, over an agitating rod 24 which removes any adhering sand and beneath a weighted roller 26 into a soaping bath 29.  The fabric is then rinsed in a bath 37, passed to the second fluidized bed, and taken away via a second agitating rod 46 and mangling rollers 48, 49.  Example (11) concerning the preparation of crease-resisting viscose rayon fabrics includes the steps of scouring, rinsing, drying and then immersing in a precondensate mix of urea-formaldehyde and ammonia which was refluxed, cooled and diluted with water containing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.  The fabric was allowed to remain in the liquid for about 3 minutes and it was then mangled, dried in a fluidized bed of sand, baked in a further bed, and washed in a solution of soap and soda ash.  Variations in the temperature and time of baking and washing time resulted in a variation of resin content.  In Example (12) the drying and baking is carried out in one operation.  Other examples describe the dyeing of polyamide, polyester and cellulose triacetate textiles with disperse and vat dyes, and also the pigment padding of viscose rayon followed by heating employing the above fluidized technique.  In Example (13) a water-repellent acetate rayon fabric is impregnated with a silicone polymer emulsion, and after mangling to remove surplus liquor the material is dried and baked in a fluidized bed. Example (14) describes the preparation of water-repellent viscose gaberdine cloth with an impregnating solution containing the essential constituent of stearamido-methyl pyridinium chloride. After mangling the cloth is dried and baked in either separate fluidized beds or a single bed.  Examples describe the heat treatment of polyester yarns to modify their physical characteristics and the heat-setting of polyamide, polyester and cellulose triacetate fabrics.  Specification 773,598, [Group XIII], is referred to.