Patent GB-661266-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to circuit arrangements embodying cathode ray tubes
Inventor: WHITE ERIC LAWRENCE CASLING
IPC: H04N3/233
Filed: 1947-02-04
Abstract: 661,266. Electric analogue calculating systems. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Jan. 15, 1948 [Feb. 4, 1947], No. 3357/47. Class 37. [Also in Groups XL (b) and XL (c)] A circuit arrangement for a cathode-ray tube having means for deflecting the beam to scan a target area incorporates means for substantially reducing or eliminating pin cushion or barrel distortion by appropriate waveforms applied to the beam deflecting means. It is shown that the voltage variation corresponding to the normal deflecting waveform requires a modifying factor 1 + Ar<SP>2</SP>, where r is the radial distance displacement of the spot on the screen and A is a constant. Expressed in other terms the factor comprises the expression 1 - x<SP>2</SP>+y<SP>2</SP>/2d<SP>2</SP>, where d is the distance of the screen from the point of deflection of the electron beam, and x, y are the orthogonal co-ordinates of a point on the screen. As this factor is multiplied by respective factors x, y representative of the voltage waveform to produce normal deflection of the beam, voltages represented by terms x<SP>2</SP>y, x<SP>3</SP>, xy<SP>2</SP>, y<SP>3</SP> occur in modified waveforms to be applied to the deflecting means. Such waveforms are obtained by integrating voltages x, y corresponding to the line and frame saw-tooth voltages, and it is necessary that the integration process should be interrupted at the line frequency. In the circuit arrangement, Fig. 2, a voltage corresponding to the co-ordinate y, i.e. the frame scanning voltage, is applied from a source 10 through a resistance 34 to the control grid of a pentode valve 30, the output at the anode being fed back in a negative sense to the control electrode 32 through the coupling condenser 33. The output at the anode 30 is interrupted by negative pulses at line frequency from a generator 20 and applied to the suppressor electrode 35. The integrated output from the valve 30 together with the output of the source 10 is mixed at 37 and again integrated at 38 to produce the variation x<SP>2</SP>y. To derive the term xy<SP>2</SP>, the source 10 provides a voltage proportional to y<SP>2</SP> and the further integrator 38 is omitted. Appropriate voltages proportional to x<SP>3</SP> and y<SP>3</SP> are derived by integration and outlet to the corresponding term x<SP>2</SP>y or xy<SP>2</SP> respectively to derive the appropriate voltage variation for the line and frame scans. In a modification, Fig. 3, the potential to be integrated is applied to a circuit comprising resistance 51 and condenser 52, the latter being discharged irrespective of the sense of its charge by a double diode 60 with a plate 74 and cathode 75 connected respectively to the plate and cathode 73, 72 of a triode 70 to the grid of which pulses are applied at line frequency. The output of the condenser 52 is mixed and integrated or merely mixed as explained in connection with Fig. 2. A further modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), employing the integration of an approximate algebraic form involving multiples x<SP>2</SP> and y<SP>2</SP>, indicates diagrammatically circuit elements to produce the integrated forms and to produce a voltage corresponding to the starting or initial values at which the integration process is interrupted. The interrupter is preferably a bidirectionally conducting switch, such as that disclosed in Specification 512,109, [Group XL].