baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2004022988-B1 (WO)
Inventor: TAKEUCHI KESATOSHI
IPC: F16C39/06
Filed: 2003-09-03
Abstract: A magnetic bearing device has a rotating bearing (20) fixed to a rotating shaft (10) and a fixed bearing (30) supporting the rotating bearing (20) without contact. The rotating bearing (20) is made from a permanent magnet with a convex-shaped cross section shaped by a convex portion formed on the magnet toward a thrust direction of the rotating shaft (10). The fixed bearing (30) is made from a permanent magnet with a concave-shaped cross section, which magnet has in it a concave portion fittable on the convex portion, and has in the concave portion a through-hole (35) through which the rotating shaft (10) is inserted. The rotating shaft (10) is supported without contact by a magnetic repelling force acting between the rotating bearing (20) and the fixed bearing (30). The magnetic repelling force acts when the convex portion of the rotating bearing (20) is positioned so as to be opposed to the concave portion of the fixed bearing (30) such that the convex portion is fitted in the concave portion with a minute gap between them.
Patent JP-3001884-B1 (JP)
Title: 分岐シ―ルド掘進方法及び分岐シ―ルド用仕切り装置
IPC: E21D9/06
Filed: 1999-03-04
Granted: 2000-01-24
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】分岐シールド掘進機内に裏込め材が侵入するの を防止して分岐掘進を好適に行い、裏込め材が泥水ある いは加泥材内に侵入するのを確実に防止することが可能 な分岐シールド掘進方法及び分岐シールド用仕切り装置 を提供する。
【解決手段】発進口リング３２のトンネル周面側の開口 周縁部に複数の板バネ３３を環状に配設してなる仕切り 装置３４を予め設け、分岐シールド掘進機３０の分岐発 進に際して、前記複数の板バネ３３を発進口リング３２ から分岐線トンネルＴａの分岐方向にトンネル周面の地 山まで弾性的に突出させて発進口リング３２の内部と外 部とを仕切るようにしたので、分岐シールド掘進機３０ 内に裏込め材５７が侵入するのを防止することができ る。
Patent JP-2879676-B1 (JP)
Title: 圧力センサ
IPC: G01C13/00
Filed: 1998-02-26
Granted: 1999-04-05
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】本発明は、光ファイバー・ケーブルのセンサ部 を収納する容器の構成を簡単な構成とし、その製造を容 易とする圧力センサを提供する。
【解決手段】収納容器５ａ、５ｂ、・・・５ｎ内に、回 路装置等は収納せず、例えば、単芯の光ファイバー・セ ンサ３ａ、３ｂ、・・・３ｎのみを収納するよう構成す るとともに、この収納容器を、外部からの印加応力に対 応して表面形状が自由に変歪し、内部の単芯の光ファイ バー・センサに外部からの圧力を正確に及ぼす合成樹脂 製の被覆体１１により封止するよう構成する。このた め、収納容器自体に耐圧性を持たせる必要はなく、輸送 時、又は敷設時に破損されない程度の強度を有していれ ば、十分である。
Patent JP-S5425259-B1 (JP)
IPC: F28F9/00
Filed: 1971-09-18
Abstract: 1339136 Liquid sodium heat exchangers UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY 27 Aug 1971 [18 Sept 1970] 44621/70 Heading F4A In a heat exchanger wherein a heat transfer fluid such as liquid sodium is passed through a shell 1 so as to transfer heat to a fluid for example water/steam in U-shaped tubes 9, the tubes are arranged in bundles 8, each bundle being provided with inlet and outlet headers 4, 5 with tube plates 10, 11 to which the tubes are connected and being surrounded by a shroud 16 which provides a flowpath for sodium. The tubes of each bundle are located by transverse grids 41 interconnected by tie-bars 40 fixed to the grids 41 so as to allow for thermal expansion of the tubes 9. The grids each comprise a series of zig-zag members 45 attached by straight strips 46 to a plate 42. Tubular sleeves 40 extend between adjacent grids 41 to form the shroud 16, each sleeve 40 being welded to its respective upper grid 41 and being free to slide over a flange on the plate 42 of the respective lower grid 41 to accommodate thermal expansion of the tubes. Each shroud 16 is completed by a U-shaped sleeve 54 which has a duct 55 which leads to a space separated from the main part of the shell 1 by a baffle plate 33, the space being provided with an outlet 59 fitted with a bursting disc to provide pressure relief should a sodium/ . water reaction occur in any of the shrouds. Hot liquid sodium enters the heat exchanger at the bottom and passes up through an inlet manifold 15, 32 to a header 20 which feeds liquid sodium to each shroud at the outlet end of the tubes 9. The sodium flows through the shrouds to the inlet ends of the tubes 9 and then enters the shell 1 and finally exits through outlets 61. A by-pass arrangement may be provided to ensure circulation through the shell. The top part of the shell 3 including the inlet and outlet headers 4, 5, the tube bundles 8, the shrouds 16, the sodium inlet manifold 15 and header 20 are all supported on a strong back plate 12 so that they may be removed from the shell for servicing. Insulation is provided in the shrouds 16, the inlet manifold 15 and header 20 and in thermal sleeves 29. Bellows are provided in the thermal sleeves 29 and the ducts 55 to permit expansion of the tubes 9. In another embodiment, Fig. 9, not shown, the tube bundles extend through a lower tube plate to an upper tube plate in each head, the tube plates enclosing a space filled with argon which is monitored to detect leakage of sodium or water. Inspection covers are provided surrounding each space and at the tops of the headers to give access to the tube plates.
Patent JP-3095737-B1 (JP)
Title: 端末装置間の通信プロトコル
IPC: H04L29/06
Filed: 1999-03-29
Granted: 2000-10-10
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  端末装置間の通信プロトコルを提供する。
【解決手段】  標準プロトコルに従う協議前に、一方の 端末装置は、標準プロトコルに違反しないビットストリ ームを伝送することによって、相手側の端末装置が自分 と同一に設定された独自的プロトコルを採用しているか 否かを確認する。前記相手側の端末装置が自分と同一の 独自的プロトコルを採用していると確認される場合、前 記協議過程を省略し、前記協議過程から得るべき情報を 予め用意しておいた情報テーブルから検索して通信を開 始する。また、前記相手側の端末装置が自分と同一の独 自的プロトコルを採用していないと確認される場合には 前記協議過程を始める。
Patent JP-2908422-B1 (JP)
Title: 辷り摩擦入り一体型免震構造
IPC: E04H9/02
Filed: 1998-03-23
Granted: 1999-06-21
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  免震機構を完全な一体型とし、小規模から大 規模の建築物に至るまで、柱の直下に簡単に取り付けら れ、経済的で保守管理が容易にできる辷り摩擦入り一体 型免震構造を提供する。
【解決手段】  中間鋼板２の表面又は裏面の中央部には 多角形状のゴム板１が貼着され、前記中間鋼板の表裏両 面には前記ゴム板の周辺で各辺と対向位置に辷り鋼板３ が固定され、該中間鋼板が重積した積層ゴムによるアイ ソレ―タが、辷り鋼板によるダンパ―がそれぞれ構成さ れた辷り摩擦入り一体型免震構造。
Patent NL-1044137-B1 (NL)
Title: Fiets met directe aandrijving
Inventor: IR JACOBUS CORNELIS ANTONIUS DE KROON
IPC: B62M1/32
Filed: 2021-08-30
Granted: 2023-03-15
Abstract: De uitvinding betreft een fiets, vouwfiets of e-bike met een direct aandrijfsysteem, waarbij de cranks scharnieren om de achteras. Een trapas, twee kettingwielen en een ketting zijn overbodig, waardoor de ontwerpvrijheid van de fiets ongekend groot is en de fiets gekenmerkt wordt symmetrie en door eenvoud. In de achternaaf van de fiets zijn alle aandrijffuncties, die anders door een kettingaandrijving worden vervuld, ondergebracht. Bij een e-bike met deze aandrijving is ook de e- motor in de naaf ondergebracht. Doordat de verticale afstand waarover de pedalen bewegen vrij gekozen kan worden is een versnelling, om zich aan te passen aan externe omstandigheden zoals meer tegenwind, overbodig. Doordat de cranks niet ronddraaien, maar over een kleine hoek heen en weer scharnieren, kunnen er krachtsensoren (die zo goed zijn voor het fietsgevoel) in de cranks worden ondergebracht. Door een betere trapmotoriek kost het minder moeite om 20 trapkracht te leveren.
Patent NL-2013438-B1 (NL)
Title: Target processing unit.
Inventor: JOHAN JOOST KONING
IPC: H05K7/14
Filed: 2014-09-08
Granted: 2016-05-18
Abstract: Target processing unit (10') for exposing a target (31'), wherein the target processing unit comprises a vacuum chamber (30) for accommodating the target and devices (46, 114) for manipulating the target; a cabinet (12) for accommodating equipment (22) for controlling, powering, or cooling the plurality of devices; The devices comprise a projection column (46) for generating the beam and projecting the beam towards the target during exposure, and a positioning system for supporting the target; wherein the target processing unit comprises a plurality of conduits (26, 37, 60, 110) for connecting the projection column and the positioning system to equipment inside the cabinet; and first and second conduit guiding arrangements (108, 120, 140) for routing the conduits towards spatially distinct portions of the vacuum chamber, to form distinct conduit paths that allow the conduits to separately connect to the projection column and to the positioning system without obstruction.
Patent NL-2016658-B1 (NL)
Title: Ontbijtkoek met gereduceerd suikergehalte.
Inventor: MARLOES KRAMER
IPC: A21D2/18
Filed: 2016-04-22
Granted: 2016-11-04
Abstract: Beschreven wordt een gebakken koek, in gewicht en op basis van droge stof omvattend  ten minste 30% bloem, waarbij ten minste 70% gewicht van de totale hoeveelheid bloem bestaat uit roggebloem,  ten hoogste 5.0% totaal vet,  ten minste 15% water op basis van totaalgewicht,  ten minste één toegevoegde extensieve zoetstof, en  ten minste 35% aan toegevoegde extensieve zoetstoffen en mogelijk toegevoegde conventionele suikers, waarbij het aandeel van de toegevoegde conventionele suikers ten hoogste 50% bedraagt met betrekking tot het totaal aan toegevoegde extensieve zoetstoffen en toegevoegde conventionele suikers, waarbij het geheel aan toegevoegde extensieve zoetstoffen en de eventueel toegevoegde conventionele suikers een op basis van aantal gemiddeld moleculair gewicht, Mn, heeft in het bereik van 150-250 g/mol, en waarbij ten hoogste 85% van al de toegevoegde zoetstoffen bestaat uit polyolen, inclusief suikeralcoholen, waarbij die polyolen een moleculair gewicht hebben dat hoger is dan het moleculair gewicht van glucose.
Patent NL-2016887-B1 (NL)
Title: A plant growing device without a drainage system
Inventor: MIGUEL ANGEL AGUILERA ZAYAS
IPC: A01G31/02
Filed: 2016-06-02
Granted: 2018-01-12
Abstract: A plant growing device (1) has been described with a container for feed in water for the plants (2), a container for fertilizer (2a), a container for water (2b), a container for acid (2c) and a mixer; one or more growing trays (3) for one or more plants in a substrate; a tube (6) from said container for feed in water for the plants (2) to the one or more growing trays (3) for the transport of said feed to the plants, and means (7) to 10 condensate the water vapour leading to a tube (8) to lead back the condensed water to the container for water (2b). Furthermore, the application of this device for a method for growing plants. without using a drainage system has been described as well.
Patent NL-2018121-B1 (NL)
Title: Lifting device for lifting a vehicle with integrated motor control, and system and method therefor
Inventor: JURJEN JAN DE JONG
IPC: B66F17/00
Filed: 2017-01-04
Granted: 2018-07-25
Abstract: The present invention relates to a lifting device system for lifting a vehicle, and lifting system and method therefor. The lifting device according to the invention comprises: - a frame with a moveable carrier configured for carrying 5 the vehicle; - a drive system which acts on the carrier and configured for raising and/or lowering the carrier relative to the frame; and - a controller and a control measurement system, wherein the controller is configured for controlling the height of the carrier in response to a measurement signal from the control measurement system, wherein the drive system comprises a motor with an integrated motor controller.
Patent NL-2020119-B1 (NL)
Title: Catching device for catching and retaining a wing
Inventor: ALBERT FREDRIK WILLEM JOLINK
IPC: E05C17/10
Filed: 2017-12-19
Granted: 2019-06-26
Abstract: The invention. relates to a catching' device for catching and retaining a wing, wherein the catching device comprises a catching body defining' a mounting' plane for mounting' the catching device to the wall in a catching direction, wherein the catching device comprises a recess extending through the catching body in a recess direction perpendicular to the catching direction, wherein the recess is open in a receiving direction perpendicular to the catching direction and the recess direction for receiving the first operating member, wherein the recess has a first width, a second width and a third width in the catching direction. at a first side, a second. side and. a central area, respectively, wherein the third width is smaller than the first width and the second width and wherein the recess tapers from the first width and the second width to the third width at the central area.
Patent NL-2021373-B1 (NL)
Title: Magneetschootslot en kit
Inventor: HENK-JULIAN PEPERKAMP
IPC: E05C19/16
Filed: 2018-07-20
Granted: 2019-07-02
Abstract: De onderhavige uitvinding betreft een Magneet— schootslot voor insteken in een deur of portier afsluiten— de een opening van een kozijn, het magneetschootslot om— vattende: — een draagorgaan omvattende ten minste een draag— element met bij voorkeur een afsluitorgaan, het draagor— gaan en het afsluitorgaan bij verdere voorkeur een huis vormend, — een voorplaat die in gesloten toestand is ge— richt naar het kozijn, — een magneetschoot, omvattende tenminste een mag— neetelement voor verschaffen van een voorspanning aan de magneetschoot in tenminste een positie of bewegingstraject daarvan, — een tuimelaar voor het middels een schootactua— tor overbrengen van beweging van een deurkruk naar de mag— neetschoot, — de voorplaat omvattende een doorvoeropening voor doorvoeren en/of daarin gerangschikt houden van de mag— neetschoot, — waarbij ten minste een van het ten minste ene draagelement functioneert als magneetschootgeleide—element bij bewegen tussen een open positie en een gesloten posi— tie, — waarbij de magneetschoot in de open positie houdbaar is door een slotaantrekkingskracht ten opzichte van het magneetschootslot en waarbij de magneetschoot in de gesloten positie houdbaar is door een sluitkomaantrek— kingskracht ten opzichte van het kozijn of een daarin ge— rangschikte sluitkom, zoals een magnetische sluitkom.
Patent NL-2023075-B1 (NL)
Title: Excavator having a suction pump and method of excavating material with such an excavator
Inventor: JOHANNES MARTINUS HOOGENDIJK
IPC: E02F7/06
Filed: 2019-05-06
Granted: 2020-11-30
Abstract: The present invention relates to an excavator, comprising: - a suction pump that is connected to a suction hose; and 5 - a container that is configured to: - temporarily store excavation material; and - simultaneously, Without substantial interruption of a suction of excavation material by the suction pump, receive excavation material via an inlet that is connected to the suction hose and discharge excavation material via an outlet that is connectable to a 10 discharge. The invention further relates to a method of excavating material With an excavator having a suction pump, comprising the steps of: - suctioning excavation material With the suction pump; - receiving and temporarily storing the suctioned excavation material in a 15 container; and - at least partially emptying of the container by discharging excavation material out of the container While the simultaneous step of suctioning excavation material is substantially uninterrupted. 20
Patent NL-2024356-B1 (NL)
Title: 2D material detector for activity monitoring of single living micro-organisms and nano-organisms
Inventor: FARBOD ALIJANI
IPC: G01N33/543
Filed: 2019-12-02
Granted: 2021-08-31
Abstract: The present invention is in the field of a motion detector adapted to detect activity of extremely small scale organisms, such as micro—organisms, such as bacteria and fungi, and even of viruses and genetic material, such as DNA and RNA. The 5 motion detector is capable of detecting nano—motion, i.e. in the order of nanometers or less.
Patent NL-2026457-B1 (NL)
Title: Belt and tread drum, assembly and method for manufacturing a belt and tread package
Inventor: WIEBE HERMAN TEN WOLDE
IPC: B29D30/28
Filed: 2020-09-11
Granted: 2022-05-12
Abstract: The invention relates to a belt and tread drum, an assembly of the belt and. tread drum and. a pressing device and to a method for manufacturing a belt and tread package, wherein the belt and tread drum comprises a first support member‘ and. a second. support member, wherein. each support member comprises a tread support surface which faces away from the drum axis for supporting the tread layer where said tread layer is wider than the belt layer, wherein each support member‘ is positionable in a raised position outside the circumferential surface in the radial direction, wherein the belt and tread drum further comprises a first retaining element and a second retaining element for retaining the tread layer at the first support member and the second support member, respectively.
Patent NL-2027526-B1 (NL)
Title: Method for anonymizing video data
Inventor: NIELS FESTJENS
IPC: G06K9/00
Filed: 2021-02-09
Granted: 2022-09-09
Abstract: A method for anonymizing video data in a hospital environment, the method comprising obtaining video data using a video camera, wherein the video data comprises a sequence of a plurality of 5 digital images each comprising a plurality of pixels; determining at least one region of interest, ROI; within a digital image; detecting if a ROI comprises identiﬁcation features which allow the identiﬁcation of a person in the hospital environment; anonymizing the detected identiﬁcation features in the digital images; and outputting the anonymized Video data. 10 Figure 1
Patent NL-2028249-B1 (NL)
Title: Active slack management in a layered article
Inventor: TIMOTHY ANDREW LARGE
IPC: H05K1/02
Filed: 2021-05-19
Granted: 2022-12-06
Abstract: A method to reduce slack in a display layer of a flexible electronic-display device comprises arranging the display layer slidably relative to an electrically conductive support layer of the electronic-display device; arranging a dielectric layer between the electrically conductive support layer and an electrically conductive sublayer of the display layer; and charging the electrically conductive sublayer relative to the electrically conductive support layer to operatively urge the display layer toward the electrically conductive support layer.
Patent NL-2030100-B1 (NL)
Title: Natural compound sweetening agent and preparation method thereof
Inventor: LIU YANG
IPC: A23L27/30
Filed: 2021-12-10
Granted: 2023-06-27
Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a natural compound sweetening agent, comprising the following components in part by weight: 1.5 to 2.5 g of erythritol, 1.5 to 2.5 g of maltitol, 2.5><10'3 g of steVioside and 2.5-3><10'3 g of thaumatin, and is prepared by mixing the components and adding water to the mixture to volume of 100 mL. The present disclosure adopts the natural compound sweetening agent and the preparation method thereof, which solves the problem of poor mouthfeel of a single sweetening agent. The sweetness of the sweetening agent is 3 to 5 times that of cane sugar. The sweetening agent has the physiological effects of resisting decayed teeth, lowering blood sugar, nourishing, health care, etc., and is particularly suitable for people who need low sugar or no sugar such as patients with diabetics, hypertension, etc.
Patent NL-2032981-B1 (NL)
Title: A Birefringent Crystal and Its Preparation Method
Inventor: LING HUANG
IPC: C30B29/54
Filed: 2022-09-07
Granted: 2023-05-03
Abstract: The invention discloses a birefringent crystal and its preparation method. The chemical formula of the birefringent crystal is [C(NH2)3]Sb(Czo4)F2(H20) or RbSb(CzO4)F2(H20), wherein [C(NH2)3]Sb(Czo4)F2(H20) can be prepared by deep eutectic solvents, solvent evaporation method or hydrothermal method, and RbSb(CzO4)F2(H20) can be prepared by hydrothermal reaction. The birefringent crystal prepared according to the invention has a birefringence index of 0165-0339 at 546nm, which is higher than that of the famous birefringent material or-BaBzO4. The crystal is colorless and transparent and has good chemical stability, which can expand the application range of linear optics in ultraviolet band.
Patent RO-112169-B1 (RO)
Title: Maşină de frezat
Inventor: GROZA IOSIF EMIL
IPC: B23C3/28
Filed: 1992-09-11
Abstract: Mmaşina de frezat, în special de frezat canale transversale în fonturi liniare şi similare destinate maşinilor de tricotat liniare, este formată dintr-un suport înclinat (42), de aşezare a unui batiu profilat (1), pe care se deplasează o masă plană (3), acţionată de două şuruburi paralele (6) cu bile, pentru a deplasa piesa de prelucrat în zona de lucru a unui cap de frezat (20), care glisează în lungul unei traverse longitudinale (9), prin intermediul unei sănii verticale (16), care se mişcă pe nişte ghidaje conjugate (15), montate pe o sanie longitudinală (11).
Patent RO-113124-B1 (RO)
Title: Process for manufacturing centrifugal rotor blades
Inventor: BADOIU TRAIAN
IPC: B23P15/04
Filed: 1997-02-19
Abstract: The invention refers to a process for manufacturing blades for high speed centrifugal rotors that equip air compressors. According to the invention, the process for manufacturing centrifugal rotor blades consists in roughing a preform rotor product (1), by processing an area (f), area (f) is limited by a lower curve (h2), an upper curve (h1), then another area is processed, limited by the same curves by segment GF and another segment RS, as the preform rotor product (1) is slanted at spherical angles (θ and β) on a device (A).
Patent RO-114111-B1 (RO)
Inventor: TULBURE TIBERIU NICOLAIE
IPC: B63C9/00
Filed: 1997-04-24
Abstract: Invenţia se referă la o instalaţie ce îl ajută pe salvamar în activitatea de salvare sau de recuperare, în situaţia "om la apă", ivită în activitatea navală şi, mai ales, în activitatea militară. Instalaţia pentru salvamar, conform invenţiei principale, cu brevet RO nr. 111433, are în alcătuire o miniambarcaţiune (A) prevăzută cu un dispozitiv (alfa) ce realizează trei poziţii pentru manevrarea de degajare şi tractare, şi are în compunere un mosor (g) care poate realiza două poziţii faţă de un inel (c), fiind cuplat la un angrenaj (h) care este pus în mişcare printr-o transmisie (j), de către un motor (n) cu aer comprimat, prin intermediul unui torpedou (m) şi al unui angrenaj, aceeaşi transmisie (j) în direcţia spre pupă putând fi pusă în mişcare şi printr-un angrenaj (p), de către o roată dinţată (s) prevăzută cu nişte pedale (r), care este manevrată de salvamar (S), iar în provă aflându-se un alt inel (d) legat de firul (11) care trece printr-o priză mobilă (i) şi, mai departe, la pupă, pe puntea navei, unde este degajat sau recuperat cu scopul de a aduce subiectul şi salvamarul (S) pe navă, totodată, recuperarea rachetei (B) sau planorului se face prin utilizarea a două baloane (t) autogomflabile cu gaz uşor, unul tip geamandură, iar celălalt meteorologic, care, prin ridicare, uşurează recuperarea paraşutei şi a telecomenzii rachetei (B).
Patent RO-119241-B1 (RO)
Title: Railroad frog for switch points and crossings
Inventor: LOCHSCHMIDT OSWALD
IPC: E01B7/12
Filed: 1997-08-21
Abstract: The invention relates to a rigid frog for switch points and crossings, and to a process for manufacturing the same, used for manufacturing railroads for trains and tramways. The rigid frog for point switches and crossings has two side rails (1,2) and a frog point (3, 6, 4, 5) situated therebetween, said frog point together with the side rails form switch openings, that run at an acute angle relative to one another. The rails are elastically joined by some anchor clamps to some ribbed plates (247-253), on either side of the foot. Beneath the rails there are some intermediary height adjustment spacers (42), so that the run-out of the side rail tracks may be compensated by the thickness of the spacers. In order to avoid the displacement of the point to the two side rails (1 and 2), the end area is provided with an anticreep device (30) having a corresponding shape.
Patent RO-120534-B1 (RO)
Title: Casting nozzle with diamond-shaped internal geometry and casting nozzle with a plurality of orifices and variable effective discharge angles and process for flowing liquid metal therethrough
Inventor: HEASLIP LAWRENCE JOHN
IPC: B22D/
Filed: 1997-10-03
Abstract: The invention relates to a casting nozzle with diamond-shaped internal geometry, to a casting nozzle with a plurality of orifices and to a process for flowing a liquid metal therethrough. According to the invention, the casting nozzle includes an elongate bore having at least one upper exit port (182) and at least a lower exit port (176). A baffle (178) is positioned in the proximity of the upper exit port (182) to divide the liquid metal flow through the bore into at least one outer stream and a central stream, the outer stream flowing through the lower exit port (176). The claimed process provides for the liquid metal flow through the casting nozzle while dividing the flow between the outer stream and the central stream, so that the effective discharge angle of the outer stream exiting through the upper exit port varies based on the flow rate of the liquid metal through the casting nozzle.