baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-663218-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in process for making chlorine dioxide
IPC: C01B11/02
Filed: 1949-01-24
Abstract: Chlorine dioxide is prepared by reacting dry nitrogen peroxide with a solution of chloric acid in aqueous nitric acid containing not less than 35 per cent by weight HNO3 on the total of water and nitric acid.  The chloric acid solution may be formed by dissolving an alkali or alkaline earth metal chlorate, e.g. of sodium, lithium, potassium, or calcium, in aqueous nitric acid. The reaction temperature should not exceed 50 DEG C. and is preferably 15-35 DEG C.  The nitrogen peroxide may be diluted with say 85-90 per cent by volume of the total gas mixture of an inert gas such as air, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide.  In a continuous process a nitrogen peroxide-air mixture is passed counter current to a saturated solution of sodium chlorate in nitric acid in a packed or baffled tower, and chlorine dioxide-air mixture is withdrawn.  The sodium nitrate formed is removed from the tower as a slurry and passed, through a saturator where fresh sodium chlorate is added, to a separator where solid sodium nitrate is removed, while the chlorate solution is recycled to the tower. The sodium nitrate may be isolated or may be passed with additional material, if necessary, to a first generator where it is treated with sulphuric acid to form nitric acid and sodium sulphate or bisulphate.  Some of the nitric acid is used in making up the chlorate-nitric acid mixture and the rest is passed to a second generator where it is treated with a mixture of sulphur dioxide and air at 20-35 DEG C. to produce both the nitrogen peroxide-air mixture and sulphuric acid for the first generator. The nitrogen peroxide may also be prepared by oxidizing ammonia or by direct combination of nitrogen and oxygen.
Patent GB-402612-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hand-operated cigarette-making machines
IPC: A24C5/44
Filed: 1933-01-20
Abstract: 402,612. Cigarette-maldng appliances. BOOTH, R. N., 132, Great Portland Street, London. Jan. 20, 1933, No. 1916. [Class 130.] Inahand-operated appliance comprising an endless apron e passing around a fixed roller b and a roller d whose spindle travels in guide slots c in the end walls a<1> of the appliance, the spindle of the roller d is automatically brought at the outer ends of the slots to a position below the top of the slots. The rotation and displacement of the roller are effected by hand pressure on the apron. As shown in Fig. 5, the slots c are inclined, and may be curved or straight, with a downward bay c<1> at the inner end ; and springs f tend to draw the spindle into the lower ends of the slots or of the bays c<1>. In another form, Fig. 1, the slots c are horizontal, with a downward bay c<1> at each end. A packet of cigarette papers may be retained on the base member of the appliance by clips g<1>, Figs. 5 and 6, comprising stems g sliding in loops a<3> in the base member a and crossheads g<1> held in engagement with the ends of the packet when holes g<2> in the stems g are snapped over studs a<4> on the base member.
Patent GB-286290-A (GB)
IPC: C01B25/02
Filed: 1928-01-20
Abstract: 286,290. Compagnie Nationale de MatiÞres Colorantes et Manufactures de Produits Chimiques du Nord RÚunies, Etablissements Kuhlmann, March 3, 1927, Convention date]. Phosphorus; hydrogen.- White phoshporus is obtained by distilling in superheated steam under ordinary or reduced pressure at a temperature below the boiling point of phosphorus the condensate obtained on heating phosphates, silica and coal in an electric or other furnace. The mixture of steam and phosphorus vapour may be condensed to give phosphorus or reacted to form phosphoric acid and hydrogen. The distillation may take place from the condenser, which may be heated electrically, or by steam, hot gases, water under pressure or oil. The heating device may serve for cooling during the condensation. To reduce the amount of dust in the condensate, in heating the original charge in an electric furnace, a liquid bath may be maintained in the furnace to suppress arc heating, and the reduction may be effected at low temperatures.
Patent GB-540908-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heating apparatus for injection moulding machines
IPC: B29C45/72
Filed: 1940-02-01
Abstract: 540,908. Injection moulding. REEDPRENTICE CORPORATION. Feb. 1, 1940, No. 2019. Convention date, March 2, 1939. [Class 87 (ii)] [Also in Group XI] The heating cylinder of an injection moulding machine is heated inductively by a number of coils surrounding different portions of the heater and the coils are independently energized from a source of electrical energy through the operation of controllers automatically responsive to the functioning of thermo-couples located in the heater member at separate points along the passage so that a pre-determined temperature gradient is maintained along the cylinder. The passage in the cylinder for the plastic materials is of decreasing cross-sectional area in the direction of movement of the material and the automatic temperature control functions to decrease the temperature as the cross-section of the passage decreases. The apparatus comprises a feed cylinder consisting of annular sections 1, 8, 9 bolted together and a sliding plunger 5 which feeds the material from an opening 2 to a nozzle 22. The sections 8, 9 are surrounded by separate sets of coils 29 of decreasing diameter the heating effect of which is controlled by pyrometers 34, 35. The section 9 is provided with channels 7 the converging ends of which meet in a common passage 24 while the diverging ends are flared outwardly and open into the annular feed passage formed between the walls of the section 8 and a core 20 one end of which is a close sliding fit in the annular piston 5 while the other end at first extends in diameter and then decreases to form a frustroconical portion the proportions of which are dimensioned to give a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area to the feed passage. Automatic feed of the thermo-plastic material to the opening 2 from a hopper 47, Fig. 5, is provided by a yoke 52 having depending projections 53, 54 engaged by a collar 55 on the reciprocating piston 5 so that on the backward and forward movements respectively of the piston 5 a piston 50 sliding in a cylinder 49 underneath the hopper, is retracted to allow a charge to fall into the cylinder and then returned to push the charge into a chute 51. The cross-sectional area of the hopper opening is adjustable by a plate 64 movable by a hand wheel 65.
Patent GB-719318-A (GB)
Title: Electric resistance heaters
Inventor: GURNEY WILLIAM ARTHUR
IPC: H05B3/16
Filed: 1952-01-25
Abstract: 719,318. Electric heating resistances. DUNLOP RUBBER CO., Ltd. Dec. 16, 1952, [Jan. 25, 1952.] No. 2044/52. Class 39 (3). An electric resistance heater, e.g. for de-icing, comprises a flexible sheet of insulating material, e.g. a natural or synthetic rubber, to which is bonded a metal tape 1, e.g. of copper-nickel alloy, having a plurality of slots 2 spaced along its length, adjacent slots extending from opposite edges of the tape 1, each slot 2 terminating a distance from the opposite edge of the tape equal to the spacing of alternate slots. In a method of forming a heater the tape is folded at intervals to provide a series of parallel pieces electrically connected in series and is then interposed between two sheets of rubber which are vulcanized in a mould to enclose the tape I, suitable leads protruding. To assist bonding, the tape 1 may be pre-coated with a rubber solution, or with a bonding solution, e.g. a polyisocyanate. The slots should be not less than 0.02 in. wide and may number 2 to 8 to the inch. Adjacent lengths of tape may be connected in parallel or seriesparallel. If desired, one insulating sheet only may be used, the tape being coated on its other surface with varnish.
Patent GB-195204-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pipe couplings
IPC: F16L23/028
Filed: 1922-01-24
Abstract: 195,204. Legg, G. A. T. Jan. 24, 1922. Tapered spigot-and-socket joints ; ball-and-socket joints.-In a pipe joint in which one pipe has an obtuse angle flange a and the other an acute angle flange b. the pipe ends are drawn together, with packing c interposed, by loose collars d, e drawn together by bolts. The rib d<1> may be integral with the collar d or formed as a separate ring. The flanges may be both spherical, both conical, or one spherical and the other conical. Specification 1756/12 is referred to.
Patent GB-404145-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to wick supporting burners for liquid fuel burning lamps
IPC: F23D3/00
Filed: 1933-01-23
Abstract: 404,145. Wick lamps. DUTTON, A. F., Ankerdine, Iver, Buckinghamshire, and GEORGE, A., 5, Abbotsford Road, Sparkbrook, Birmingham. Jan. 23, 1933, No. 2099. [Class 75 (i).] A wick burner carries a rigid depending tube or frame 3 open at its lower end and constituting a magazine into which the lower end of a long wick can be inserted upwardly from below. Use of the burner with a well of small diameter is thus facilitated and, in general, convenience in handling and prevention of fouling by sediment are afforded. A stirrup 5 (or more than one) holds the exposed part of the wick closely against the wall of the magazine to prevent sagging, and a boad 4, or roller, eases the passage of the wick. The invention is shown applied to a duplex burner, but is otherwise applicable, e.g. to an annular flame burner with divided wick.
Patent GB-246516-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric incandescent lamps
IPC: H01K1/50
Filed: 1926-01-25
Abstract: 246,516. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., (Assignees of Fonda, G. R.). Jan. 24, 1925, [Convention date]. Drawings to Specification. Residual gases.-In gas-filled lamps a small proportion of carbon monoxide is added to the usual filling. Specification 10918/13 is referred to.
Patent GB-206413-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to hair brushes
IPC: A46B5/00
Filed: 1923-01-24
Abstract: 206,413. Hansen, J. Jan. 24, 1923. Handles with recessed-back retaining- devices for brushes; hollow handles.-A perforated metal back b is detachably secured to the stock a of a metallic brush.
Patent GB-524070-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to composite products
IPC: C08J5/12
Filed: 1939-01-23
Abstract: 524,070. Compound sheet materials. TENNANT, W. J. (Marbon Corporation). Jan. 23, 1939, No. 2320. Drawings to Specification. [Class 140] [Also in Group V] Rubber is attached to metal, glass, wood, paper, &c. by a bonding layer of a halogen-containing rubber derivative, with which is incorporated a vulcanizing agent such as sulphur; the rubber may also include a vulcanizing agent. Rubber halides or hydrohalides may be used, and the vulcanizing agent may be incorporated by the use of sulphur chloride. In an example, rubber hydrochloride is mixed with sulphur, an accelerator such as butyraldehyde-aniline or piperidine, pentamethylene dithiocarbonate, a plasticiser such as dibutyl phthalate, butyl stearate, oleate, or ricinoleate, ester gum, maleic anhydride or a drying oil, and a heat 'stabilizer such as magnesium oxide or carbonate or lead oxide. The compound is applied as a preformed layer to the base or is dissolved in a solvent such as benzene and applied as a cement, and the composite article is vulcanized under heat and pressure. With a stock containing a large proportion of carbon black, an intermediate layer of stock and reclaim is applied over the bonding layer.
Patent GB-999229-A (GB)
Title: Process of oxidizing cyclic organic compounds
IPC: B01J21/00
Filed: 1964-01-20
Abstract: Cyclic organic compounds are oxidized by contacting with at least a molar equivalent of a pentavalent vanadium compound.  The compounds contain a cyclic aliphatic ring or a saturated aliphatic chain attached to an aromatic nucleus, and the cycloaliphatic ring may be fused with an aromatic ring or with a heterocyclic ring. Cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol, 1,2-cyclohexanedione and the hydrated dimer thereof, cyclopentanone, cyclopentanol, p-xylene, toluene and tetrahydronaphthalene are mentioned and the products may be dicarboxylic acids, or the aldehyde or carbonyl derivative. The vanadium compounds may be sodium vanadate, ammonium vanadate, vanadium pentoxide, VF5, VOBr3, VOF3 and VOCl3 and they may be supported on an ion-exchange resin or present in an acid solution, e.g. in sulphuric, perchloric, fluoroboric, phosphoric, or acetic acid solutions.  The reduced vanadium compound is regenerated by an oxidizing agent such as air or nitric acid and the process may be continuous.  Solvents and oxidation catalysts may also be present. Examples describe the preparation of o-carboxyhydrocinnamic acid from tetrahydronaphthalene, p-toluic, p-aldehydobenzoic and terephthalic acid from p-xylene, and adipic acid from cyclohexanone or a mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone.
Patent GB-974303-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic silver halide emulsions
IPC: G03C1/34
Filed: 1961-01-20
Abstract: 974, 303. Stabilizing photographic silver halide emulsions. KODAK Ltd. Jan. 20, 1961 [Jan. 25, 1960], No. 2365/61. Heading G2C. A light sensitive silver halide emulsion which is chemically sensitized with a labile sulphur compound, a gold sensitizer, and a reduction sensitizer is stabilized by incorporating in the emulsion before, during or after the chemical sensitization, preferablye before the reduction sensitization, an aryl aldehyde having a substituent in the 3- and/or 4- position with respect to the position of the aldehyde group, or mucochloric or mucobromic acid or a water-soluble salt thereof. Suitable substituents in the aryl aldehyde compound are hydroxyl, halogen, alkyl or alkoxyl. Examples of suitable compounds are p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, m-hydroxybenzaldehyde and vanillin. Examples of water-soluble salts of mucochloric and mucobromic acid are the sodium, potassium,pyridinium,triethanolammonium and morpholinium salts thereof. Reduction sensitizer, which are defined as compounds having a sufficiently strong reduction action to reduce silver halide to metallic silver or to nucleate silver halide, preferably comprise stannous chloride, spermine, sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate or a compound according to any of the following general formulae:- where R, R1 and R2 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group and M represents a water-solubilizing cation such as hydrogen, sodium, potassium, ammonium and triethanolammonium. where R3 represents an alkylene group containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n represents a positive integer from 1 to 5. Also suitable are their water-soluble salts of non-desensitizing acids. III (R4)d SiH4-d or their hydrolysis products:- IIIa (R4)d SiOH4-d where R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, a siloxy group or combinations thereof and d represents a positive integer from 1 to 3. The sulphur and gold sensitizers are defined and exemplified in the Specification. Specifications 649,545, 753,489, 789,823 and U.S.A. Specification 2,694,637 are referred to.
Patent GB-897853-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to television cameras
Inventor: SHELLEY MEVILLE LESLIE
IPC: H04N5/225
Filed: 1960-01-22
Abstract: 897,853. Television. COMMUNICATIONS PATENTS Ltd. Dec. 12, 1960 [Jan. 22, 1960], No. 2388/60. Class 40(3). To enable all parts of a scene extending over a large area to be focused, at will, on a television camera 11 whilst maintaining a large lens aperture the plane of the lens system 13 may be inclined with respect to the image plane of the system by means of a calibrated control knob 19 which also controls, via potentiometers 24, 25, the amplitude of the line scanning waveform (generator 28) and the linearity of the frame scanning waveform (generator 29) to compensate for the scale distortion produced by such lens system inclinations.
Patent GB-1178781-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Mowing Machines
IPC: A01D57/30
Filed: 1968-01-16
Abstract: 1,178,781. Mowing machine. TEXAS INDUSTRIES Inc. 16 Jan., 1968 [24 Jan., 1967], No. 2396/68. Heading A1F. A mowing machine has a supporting frame 1 carrying two similar cutting mechanisms 2 side by side, in which each cutting mechanism has a conveyer 12 to displace cut crop transversely of the direction of travel towards the centre of the mechanism such that a swathe of cut crop is formed at each side of the supporting frame. Each cutting mechanism has a platform 3 integral with a vertical back wall 4 in which there is a gap 16 for discharge of the cut crop. The adjacent ends of the two cutting mechanisms are close to the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis of the tractor-to which the supporting frame may be connected. Each of said ends carries a knife 17 to prevent a narrow strip of the crop from remaining unmown. Each cutting mechanism is conneced to the supporting frame in such a way that it can be tilted upward -about an exis defined by the shaft 20 parallel to the direction of travel into a vertical position for non- operative transport. Said axes are located at opposite sides of the coupling points of the supporting frame to the tractor, and the tilting motion is effected by hydraulic cylinders 27 attached at points 25, 28 on the machine.
Patent GB-657192-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to metal working presses
IPC: B30B15/00
Filed: 1949-01-28
Abstract: 657,192. Cupping. STEVENS, A. H. (Clearing Machine Corporation). Jan. 28, 1949, No. 2406. [Class 83 (iv)] In a metal-working press having a frame with a work support and a reciprocating slide this is operated by a drive shaft 43 through a lever 38 connected to said slide and to the frame by a pivoted fulcrum link 46. In the cupping press shown in Fig. 3 the work support 20 has a fixed die and the slide 22 a die 88 with its neck 94 clamped between jaws 89, 91. The lever 38 is pivoted to a screw 25 engaged by a nut 28 rotatably mounted in a recess in the slide 22 and capable of being rotated by a bar engaging holes 37 or of being held by clamped sector 33. The lever 38, at the other end, is pivoted to a cranked part of the shaft 43 by a member 41 and, at an intermediate point, to the link 46 pivoted to the frame 16. The shaft 43 is driven by a motor 53 through a belt 54, Fig. 2, and a one-revolution clutch controlled by a pedal 59, Fig. 10, which can be held down, for continuous running, by a catch 83. The other end of the shaft may have an adjustable continuous brake. The die 88 has an ejector 104, Fig. 3, held up by a spring 96 and operated by a spring- supported bar 99, arranged in a cross slot of the slide 22, when this engages adjustable stops 103. The frame 16 is pivoted at 17, Fig. 2, to a base 15 and angularly adjustable by a screw 71 and nut 74 rotated through gearing by a handle. The frame is held in adjusted position by bolts 18 and holes 19.
Patent GB-1036962-A (GB)
Title: Cold starting aid for internal combustion engines
Inventor: JOHNSON PHILIP LAWRENCE
IPC: F02N99/00
Filed: 1964-01-21
Abstract: 1,036,962. Starting compression-ignition engines; reciprocating pumps. RUSTON & HORNSBY Ltd. Jan. 19, 1965 [Jan. 21, 1964], No. 2511/64. Headings F1A and F1K. A cold starting aid for a compressionignition engine comprises positive displacement means for introducing a predetermined quantity of oil into the engine cylinder from a metering chamber which is filled and replenished automatically after each operation of the means. The oil temporarily increases the compression ratio and the sealing efficiency of the piston rings. Oil from the lubricating system of the engine is supplied through a pipe 22 to the chamber 16 of a manually operable pump during running of the engine. Oil leaking past a land 23 of the pump piston 15 is drained away through a pipe 27. When the engine is to be started, the central part 28 of a resilient cover 29 is depressed manually to move the piston downwards against the action of a spring 20 and open a valve 18. A volume of oil equal to the volume of the chamber 16 is thereby injected into the engine combustion space 13 (or into the air inlet manifold). If more than this amount is to be injected, the valve 18 is held down to allow the oil in the space around the valve spindle to drain into the combustion space. To prevent oil draining back through the pipe 22 when the engine is not running, the inlet port 21 is located at the top of the chamber 16. Alternatively, a non-return valve is fitted in the inlet port. Instead of being fed under pressure, the chamber 16 may be filled from an unpressurised part of the engine lubrication system by the suction effect of the return movement of the piston 15. The pump may be submerged in the engine oil sump, and the valve 18 may then be omitted. Non- return valves may be added where necessary. The pump may be operated automatically in conjunction with the operation of the engine turning means.
Patent GB-175177-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for applying gum or similar adhesive substances to labels, wrappers and the like
IPC: B65C11/04
Filed: 1921-01-19
Abstract: 175,177. Siddons, C., Kirkwood, W. C., and Haines, E. W., (trading as Moray Engineering Co.). Jan. 19, 1921. Coating-machines.-In a device for gumming labels &c. having a feeding-roller, a gumming- rollers, &c. mounted on a hinged frame above a gum-trough into which the gumming-roller dips, means are provided for supporting the hinged frame in an inclined position; special arrangements of the scraper-plate that regulates the amount of gum on the gumming-roller and for receiving the labels from the gumming-roller are also described. The hinged frame 1 is secured to the base 3 of the machine carrying the gum-trough by hinged plates 2 and thumb-screws 4, and is provided with hinged plates 20 having slots 22, 23 which pass over studs 24, 25 on the base and are formed with recesses 27, 28 which can engage with the studs 24, 25 to hold the frame 1 in an inclined position. A screw 26 is also provided for clamping the plates 20. The scraper-plate 29 is pivoted and weighted so as to move away from the gumming-roller 9 towards which it is pressed by a rod 32 actuated by a screw 33. Plates 40 are arranged at the ends of the roller 9 between the spindle of the roller and its plate 29 to prevent splashing. From the roller 9 the gummed label passes on to the edges of a number of plates 35 loosely mounted on a rod 37 so as to rest against the roller 9 and separated by distance-pieces. The roller 9 and the feeding-roller are mounted in slots 7, 8 in the frame 1 and a pawl 15 is provided to prevent them from running backwards.
Patent GB-155474-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the method of supplying liquid fuel vapour to internal combustion engines, and means for carrying the said method into effect
IPC: F02M21/00
Filed: 1920-01-27
Abstract: 155,474. Page, S. E., (Brewer, R. TV. A.). Jan. 27, 1920. Vaporizers, external.-The carburetted air impinges upon a concave surface 22, Fig. 1, heated by the exhaust, or it enters tangentially an exhaust-jacketed vortex chamber 202, Fig. 6, escaping by an axial passage 206 into the induction pipe 210. In Fig. 1, the branches 21 of the induction pipe are shown inclined to the axis of the inlet 20 and are directed downwards and then curved upwards; unvaporized fuel collects in the bottom of the bend and is carried by the recoiling gaseous currents towards the heated surface 22. The pipe branches may be arranged as shown at 250, Fig. 6, so that the recoil of the gases on the closing of one admission valve mav be directed towards the next valve to open. The surface of the vortex chamber may be ribbed. For running at low power the charge of air and fuel are reduced proportionally and the full volume of the charge made up by admitting inert gas to the pipe 210. Specification 27681/13 is referred to.