Patent GB-759837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in soap-free washing and cleansing compositions
IPC: C11D1/14
Filed: 1952-08-25
Abstract: A soap-free cleansing composition contains (1) a major proportion of an anionactive compound which is neutral to phenolphtholein and is not decomposed by aqueous solutions of highly ionized acids, and (2) a minor proportion of a complex obtained by reacting an acid-stable anionactive compound with a cation-active compound.  At least one of the anion-active compounds is a compound of the aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic series, or a mixed type of two or more of these series, which contains in the molecule at least 6 carbon atoms and at least one acid group in which an active hydrogen atom has been replaced by a metal, ammonium or an organic base, the salt thus formed being water-soluble.  The cation-active compound may be an onium compound such as a quarternary ammonium compound, a sulphonium compound or a phosphonium compound.  Examples of types of anion-active compounds are alkyl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkyl benzene sulphonates, salts of dialkyl- or dialkylaryl - disulphonimides or - N - acyl sulphonamides, the hydrocarbon radicals of which may be interrupted by hetero atoms such as oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, or by hetero groups such as ester, carbonamide or sulphonamide groups, or may contain substituents such as hydroxyl, mercaptoor amino groups.  The cation-active compounds preferably have at least one aliphatic, cyclo-aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic radical of 6 - 20 carbon atoms.  The hydrocarbon radicals of these compounds may contain hetero atoms or hetero groups or substituents.  A number of anion-active and cation-active compounds (including turkey red oils) are specified.  The cationactive compound may be added to the anion-active compound in a proportion of about 0.2 - 50 per cent., and preferably 3 - 30 per cent., based on the weight of the anion-active compound, cation-active compounds containing at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of about 12 - 16 carbon atoms being preferred.  The cation-active compound may be added to the anionactive compound in the form of a complex obtained by reacting the cation-active compound with an anion-active compound in a known manner.  The compositions may also contain tanning materials, watersoluble cellulose or starch derivatives, urea, albumens or their degradation products, artificial resins and polyethylene oxide additions products.  In an example, 2 parts by weight of hexadecylpyridinium chloride are added to 100 parts by weight of a 30 per cent. aqueous solution of the triethanolamine salt of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid.  In another example 10 parts by weight of the complex obtained by reacting together equivalent amounts of dodecyl pyridinium bisulphate and the sodium salts of a mixture of C12 - C14 alkyl sulphates, .75 parts by weight of the sodium salts of a mixture of C12 - C14 alkyl sulphates containing about 50 per cent of sodium sulphate, and 15 parts of hard paraffin wax are kneaded together at 50-60 DEG C. to form a homogeneous mixture which can be moulded. The compositions may be used for toilet purposes. Specifications 316,090 [Class 91], 428,142, 428,148, 442,466, 505,429, 551,633 [Group IV], 584,439, 641,297, and 757,987 are referred to.