Patent GB-1152328-A (GB)
Title: Self-Contained Wet Clutch System
IPC: F16D25/02
Filed: 1966-10-14
Abstract: 1,152,328. Friction clutches; clutch-brake combinations. BORG-WARNER CORP. 14 Oct., 1966 [1 Nov., 1965], No. 46059/66. Headings F2C and F2L. A self-contained, wet, friction clutch arrangement for vehicles comprises a fluid enclosure C defined by a driven hub 34 and a driving flywheel 14 together with a rim 10 having a backing plate 15 separately attached or integral therewith, an output shaft 37 splined to the driven hub and extending out of the enclosure C, friction discs 48, 49 disposed in the enclosure C and splined to the hub 34 and the rim 10, a presser plate E-1 normally urged by springs E-2 to engage the friction discs and a non- rotating housing 63-65 which serves when acted on by a manual means G to release the friction discs through levers 55 and carries a gear pump 73 driven from the backing plate 15 through an annular member (28), and a rotatable and axially movable pump drive sleeve A-1 journalled on the output shaft, the fluid supplied by the pump being continuously directed to the enclosure C for cooling the friction discs during all phases of operation. The fluid supplied by the pump may also be used to energize a clutch-disengaging servo-assisting means, as shown and in Fig. 6 (not shown). The housing 63-65 may also be used to apply an anti-drag brake to the output shaft 37 simultaneously with clutch disengagement. As shown, a clutch disengaging servo-chamber 86 is defined by an assembly F-4 comprising a spigot member 20 secured to the backing plate 15, a cup member 80 acting on the levers 55, and a tube 82 fast with the member 80 and the annular member (28). The pump 73 draws from a clutch housing sump (98), Fig. 1a not shown, and delivers cooling fluid to the enclosure C through a passage 77 and an annular groove 78 in the housing 63-65, one or more slots 85 in a seal 84, slots (41a) and an annular groove 41 in the pump drive sleeve A-1, slots 82d in the tube 82, and openings 40 in the annular member (28). The fluid, guided by a ring 92, is then centrifuged through openings 90 in a flange 34a of the driven hub 34 to the friction discs 48, 49, the friction material of which is grooved to provide restricted flow therethrough when the clutch is engaged. Outflow from the friction discs is through axially directed openings 17a, 17 in the backing plate 15, the openings 17 being provided for presser plate lugs 58. The compact enclosure C and the axially directed openings prevent fluid foaming and heat generation. The annular member (28) is rotatable with and axially movable with respect to the backing plate 15 and the sleeve A-1 and is acted on by a Belleville spring 31 reacting on the sleeve A-1, so that the housing 63-65 and the assembly F-4 are urged together and the ends of the tube slots 82d are spaced from a shoulder 33 of the sleeve A-1. To disengage the clutch, the housing 63-65 and the sleeve A-1 are rightwardly moved by the manual means G. Since rightward movement of the assembly F-4 is resisted by the springs E-2, the Belleville spring 31 is flexed and the spacing at the ends of the tube slots 82d is progressively closed off thereby restricting flow therethrough although never sufficiently to totally cut off cooling fluid. Hence servo pressure in the chamber 86, established by way of tube ports 82e, is increased and the assembly F-4 is rightwardly moved hydraulically to disengage the clutch. The righthand face of the housing 63-65, when the latter is rightwardly moved for clutch disengagement, clamps a brake disc (95), splined on the output shaft 37, against a reaction assembly (94), (Fig. 1a, not shown). In Fig. 6 (not shown), the member (28) is fast with the pump drive sleeve A-1 and acts on the cup member 80 through spring loaded telescopic tubes (105) through which the cooling fluid is directed. On compression of the tubes (105) the fluid flow is progressively restricted to increase the pressure in the servo-chamber 86. In Fig. 7 (not shown), the hydraulic servoassistance is omitted, the annular member being fast with both the pump drive sleeve A-1 and a member (150) acting on the levers 55.