Patent GB-920078-A (GB)
Title: Polyolefine films
Inventor: CROOKS CHARLES HAMPDEN
IPC: C08J7/052
Filed: 1960-10-06
Abstract: Foodstuffs, particularly greasy foodstuffs, textiles, cigars, cigarettes and pipe tobacco are packaged in and may (if desired) be heated in, and drinking-tubes are made from film of crystallisable polymers or copolymers of a -olefins, having at least 3 carbon atoms in the molecule, coated by a method wherein a film of such polymer, which has been stretched to orient it but not heat set, is subjected to an oxidation treatment in which the surface of the film is oxidized to improve the bonding properties of its surface, coated with a polymeric heat seal coating which can be heat sealed at a temperature below 170 DEG  C. in standard heat sealing equipment, and is then heat set under conditions of time and temperature sufficient to dry the coating.  The surface may be treated by exposure to ozone e.g. at a temperature above 100 DEG  C., exposure to high-voltage electric stress accompanied by corona discharge in the presence of oxygen as in Specification 715,914, exposure in the presence of oxygen to ionising radiation e.g. ultraviolet, X-, a -, b - or g -radiation, particularly at above 100 DEG C., exposure to flame, treatment with mixtures of chromic or sulphuric acids, nitric acid, or halogenation.  The coating may comprise vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile e.g. 80 to 95% vinylidene chloride and 0 to 20% acrylonitrile residues, the balance if any being another unsaturated monomer such as itaconic or methacrylic acids; alkyl acrylate; polyvinyl alcohol or acetate; butadiene - acrylonitrile; methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid; copolyesters of terephthalic acid and another dicarboxylic acid with a glycol e.g. containing not more than 4.0 molecular proportions of combined terephthalic acid to one molecular proportion of combined sebacic acid; N-alkoxy-methyl polyamides, gelatin; nitrocellulose; copolymers of vinylidene chloride, vinylacetate or ethylene and vinyl chloride, and the copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene.  The coating may be applied by known solution or dispersion coating techniques as, for example, an aqueous dispersion of the polymeric material stabilized by an emulsifying agent.  The heat setting treatment is carried out at a temperature between 75 DEG  C. and the melting point of the olefine polymer e.g. if the polymer is polypropylene, the temperature is 130 DEG  to 165 DEG  C.  A linear shrinkage of up to 15% is permitted during the heat setting treatment which may be carried out in a stentor, over hot rollers or drums, or a tubular film may be heat set as an inflated tube.  The coated olefine polymer film may be formed by melt extrusion, expanded by the tubular method at a temperature below the melting point of the polymer to produce a biaxially oriented film, the tube is slit, treated to improve the bonding properties of the surface, coated with the polymeric heat seal coating and heat set in a stentor. The coating may contain slip and/or antiblocking agents which may also be incorporated into the film base, and on to the coating e.g. calcium or magnesium carbonate and others referred to in Specification 822,498, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, hydrogenated castor oil, stearamide, hydroxystearamide and ester waxes, oleamide, unsaturated fatty acid amides having more than eight carbon atoms in the molecule; antistatic agents such as 1 - (hydroxyethyl) - 2 - n - alkyl glyoxalidines.  The polyolefine film base may also contain antioxidants, dyes, pigments, lubricants and/or ultra-violet light stabilizers.  The coated film may be printed or dyed and may be laminated to glass and other films such as polythene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymers, to plastics generally and to rubbers, wood, metal foil, paper, and fabrics.  A further coating of metal may be applied by vacuum deposition, sputtering or other technique.