Patent EA-004225-B1 (EA)
Title: Plastic recycling process and process for producing plastic materials
Inventor: SCHALLENBERG GUNTER
IPC: B29B17/00
Filed: 1997-06-10
Abstract: 1. Process for recycling waste comprising the stage of combining of polymeric material with additional material and with fatty component of at least two two-stage thermal and mechanical treatment of received mass, output and following supply of the mass to the treatment or forming, polymeric material and additional material being taken in volume ratio, providing the bonding in the mixture of components different of plastic with the forming of homogeneous mass, characterized in that the termal treatment comprises the third stage and the initial mass of is to be passed through all stages of termal treatment using conveying device providing mechanical treatment keeping the following temperature mode: a first stage 60 to 130 degree C., a second stage, 130 to 180 degree C., and a third stage, 160 to 380 degree C., wherein the diameter of particles of the mass giving to the termal treatment is 1-5 mm, the additional material, selected from the group, comprising plastic-containing waste is used, the waste being different from polymeric material, household refuse, bulky refuse, paper, cardboard, plastics-coated cardboard, plastics-coated waste paper, landfill refuse, metal, wood, wood residues, sawdust, rubber, and glass fibers; fatty component is selected from fatty acids, mixtures, containing fatty acids of natural or synthetic origin, fatty acid derivatives and fatty alcohols which release fatty acid under process conditions. 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of thermoplasts, thermosets, elastomers, multilayered products, containing plastic data, plastic production, received by reactive casting under pressure. 3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein polymeric material to be used is selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene so-polymers, polyethylenes (comprising those of high middle and low density), polycarbonates, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalates, ethylene/vinyl acetate so-polymers, polymethylenes, polyoxymethylenes, styrene/acrylonitrile polymers, polystyrenes, polyamides, polypropylenes, polyvinyl chlorides and polyurethanes. 4. Process according to claim 3, wherein the polymeric material to be used is from polyethylene and/or polypropylene. 5. Process according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the polymeric material to be used is from carpet remnants and/or textile remnants. 6. Process according any of claims 1-5, wherein polymeric material to be used contains up to 10% by volume of other material as a contaminants. 7. Process according to claim 6, characterized in that the polymeric material to be used contains up to 5% by volume of other material as contaminants. 8. Process according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the other material is selected from rubber, floor coverings, glass and glass fibres, paper, wood and wood residues, sawdust, wool and sand. 9. Process according to one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the polymeric material and additional material are further precomminuted. 10. Process according to one of claims 1-9, polymeric material and additional material are stockpiled before mixing. 11. Process according to one of claims 1-10, characterized in that polymeric material and additional material are mixed with each other in the ratio of 50:50 by volume. 12. Process according to claim 11 characterized in that the polymeric material to be used consists only of plastic. 13. Process according to one of claims 1-12, characterized in that the thermal treatment is realized according to the following temperature: the first stage is 80 to 120 degree C., the second stage is 140 to 170 degree C., and the third stage is 170 to 320 degree C. 14. Process according to claim 13, characterized in that the thermal treatment is realized according to the following temperature: the first stage is 90 to 120 degree C., the second stage is 140 to 160 degree C., and the third stage is 180 to 280 degree C. 15. Process according to one of claims 1-14, characterized in that the fatty component is used relative to the volume of the mixture of polymeric and additional material, in a quantity of 0.01 to 10%; 16. Process according to claims 15, characterized in that the fatty component is used relative to the volume of the mixture of polymeric and additional material, in a quantity of 0.01 to 5%; 17. Process according to claims 16, characterized in that the fatty component is used relative to the volume of the mixture of polymeric and additional material, in a quantity of 0.03 to 3%; 18. Process according to one of claims 1-17, characterized in that linseed oil and/or maize oil are used as fatty components. 19. Process according to one of claims 1-18, characterized in that the mixing takes place in a mixer or mixing unit and the temperature treatment takes place in an injection machine or an extruder. 20. Process according to one of claims 1-18, characterized in that the mixing of polymeric material, additional material and fatty component, and termal treatment take place in an injection machine or an extruder. 21. Process according to one of claims 1-20, characterized in that forming takes place with the receiving of dimensionally stable or flexible sheets, films, rods, posts, beams, tubes, hoses, lagging, lining or insulating elements, casings, visual and thermal protection elements and elements for protection against mechanical damage, preshaped parts for cavity filling, construction elements, bricks, supporting elements, roofing tiles, paving stones, garden slabs, tool parts or connecting elements from the thermally treated mixture discharged from the nozzle. 22. Process for recycling waste comprising the stage of combining of polymeric material with additional material and with fatty component of at least two two-stage thermal and mechanical treatment of received mass, output and following supply of the mass to the treatment or forming, polymeric material and additional material being taken in volume ratio, providing the bonding in the mixture of components different of plastic with the forming of homogeneous mass, characterized in that the termal treatment comprises the third stage and fourth stage and the initial mass of is to be passed through all stages of termal treatment using conveying device providing mechanical treatment keeping the following temperature mode: the first stage is 60 to 120 degree C., the second stage is 120 to 160 degree C., the third stage is 160 to 220 degree C, and the fourth stage is 180 to 380 degree C. wherein the diameter of particles of the mass giving to the termal treatment is 1-5 mm, the additional material, selected from the group, comprising plastic-containing waste is used, the waste being different from polymeric material, household refuse, bulky refuse, paper, cardboard, plastics-coated cardboard, plastics-coated waste paper, landfill refuse, metal, wood, wood residues, sawdust, rubber, and glass fibers; fatty component is selected from fatty acids, mixtures, containing fatty acids of natural or synthetic origin, fatty acid derivatives and fatty alcohols which release fatty acid under process conditions. 23. Process according to claim 22, characterized in that the polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of thermoplasts, thermosets, elastomers, multilayered products, containing plastic data, plastic production, received by reactive casting under pressure. 24. Process according to claim 22 or 23, wherein polymeric material to be used is selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene so-polymers, polyethylenes (comprising those of high middle and low density), polycarbonates, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalates, ethylene/vinyl acetate so-polymers, polymethylenes, polyoxymethylenes, styrene/acrylonitrile polymers, polystyrenes, polyamides, polypropylenes, polyvinyl chlorides and polyurethanes. 25. Process according to claim 24, wherein the polymeric material to be used is from polyethylene and/or polypropylene. 26. Process according to any of claims 22-25, wherein the polymeric material to be used is from carpet remnants and/or textile remnants. 27. Process according any of claims 22-26, wherein polymeric material to be used contains up to 10% by volume of other material as a contaminants. 28. Process according to claim 27, characterized in that the polymeric material to be used contains up to 5% by volume of other material as contaminants. 29. Process according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the other material is selected from rubber, floor coverings, glass and glass fibres, paper, wood and wood residues, sawdust, wool and sand. 30. Process according to one of claims 22-29, characterized in that the polymeric material and additional material are further precomminuted. 31. Process according to one of claims 22-30, polymeric material and additional material are stockpiled before mixing. 32. Process according to one of claims 22-31, characterized in that polymeric material and additional material are mixed with each other in the ratio of 50:50 by volume. 33. Process according to claim 32 characterized in that the polymeric material to be used consists only of plastic. 34. Process according to one of claims 22-23, characterized in that the thermal treatment is realized according to the following temperature: the first stage is 80 to 110 degree C., the second stage is 130 to 160 degree C., the third stage is 160 to 210 degree C., and the fourth stage is 200 to 300 degree C. 35. Process according to claim 34, characterized in that the thermal treatment is realized according to the following temperature: the first stage is 100 degree C., the second stage is 140 to 160 degree C., the third stage is 160 to 200 degree C., and the fourth stage is 220 to 280 degree C. 36. Process according to claim 35, characterized in that the fatty component is used relative to the volume of the mixture o