baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1064081-A (GB)
Title: Electrolytic production of tetraalkyl lead compounds
IPC: C25B3/13
Filed: 1965-06-22
Abstract: Lead tetraalkyls are formed cathodically by electrolysis in a diaphragm cell using a lead cathode, a catholyte comprising (a) a C1-C10 alkyl halide other than fluoride, (b) a current-carrier having a higher reduction potential than component (a) and giving a conductivity of at least 0.001 ohm-1 cm-1 and consisting of at least one C1-C18 tetraalkyl ammonium more halide other than fluoride, and (c) 1 to 20 moles per mole of current-carrier of water and/or one or more C1-C4 alkanols, and an anolyte comprising a solution of a current-carrier as in (b) above in an inert solvent having a reduction potential at least as high as the alkyl halide (a) above and an oxidation potential higher than the current-carrier. The anode may be of any suitable material including lead but preferably is resistant to the anodically evolved halogen and may be of graphite, Pt, or platinized Ti or Ta.  The diaphragm may be of parchment paper which is preferably soaked before use with water or a solution of a tetraalkyl ammonium monohalide to increase its porosity and conductivity.  The catholyte may also include an inert solvent for the alkyl halide and current-carrier, the solvent having a reduction potential higher than the alkyl halide and an oxidation potential higher that the current-carrier.  Suitable catholyte inert solvents are alkanonitriles having C1 to C5 alkyl groups.  The anolyte solvent may be water, a C1 to C4 alkanol or an alkanonitrile as for the catholyte.  Electrolysis may be effected at a temperature of 10 to 80 DEG C with a cathode current density of 0.05 to 0.5 amp./cm2, and may be performed batchwise or with continuous circulation of catholyte and anolyte through the respective cell compartments.  As shown, a cylindrical glass cell 10 provided with a heat-exchange jacket 24 houses a cylindrical platinum anode 11, a tubular parchment paper diaphragm 14 and an anode of lead shot 16 and lead rod 15 contained within a nylon mesh sleeve 17.  The tetraalkyl lead is extracted from the catholyte by fractional or steam distillation or by diluting the catholyte with a large excess of water, extracting the tetraalkyl lead with a solvent such as pentane and separating off the solvent by fractional distillation under reduced pressure.
Patent GB-412540-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in transmission gearing
IPC: F16H1/22
Filed: 1932-09-22
Abstract: 412,540. Toothed gearing. BREGUET, M., 19, Rue Didot, Paris. Sept. 22, 1932, No. 26332. Void [Abridged as open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Oct. 31, 1392]. [Class 80 (i).] In toothed reduction or multiplying gearing comprising aligned driving and driven wheels with two sets of intermediate wheels, the axis of the driving or driven wheel is free to move in a plane perpendicular to that containing the axes of the layshafts, so as to ensure that the power is transmitted equally through the two sets. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, wherein aligned driving and driven wheels 3, 10 are connected through two sets of intermediate wheels 8, 9 and 8<1>, 9<1>, the driving wheel 3 is secured on one end of a flexible shaft 2 which passes freely through and is secured at its other end to the hollow shaft 1 of an electric motor. Rings 4, 5 fitted to the pinion 3 and of diameter equal to that of the pitch circle co-operate with corresponding surfaces on the meshing wheels 8, 8<1> so as to limit freedom of movement of the axis of wheel 3 in the plane containing the axes of wheels 8, 8<1> to as small an amount as desired. In the modification shown in Fig. 3, movement in this plane is prevented by a spring 14 which acts through a ball bearing 12 on shaft 2 to maintain the outer race of another ball bearing 11 on shaft 2 in engagement with a cylindrical surface 13 on wheel 8<1>.
Patent GB-159542-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved composition impervious to oils, spirits, water and the like
IPC: C04B28/30
Filed: 1919-10-28
Abstract: 159,542. Ivinson, C. H., and Roberts, G. S. Oct. 28, 1919. Water paints.-A composition adapted more particularly for lining concrete tanks comprises chlorides and oxides of magnesium or zinc or both, ammonium chloride and finely-divided iron. Hardening agents such as powdered glass, sodium biborate, silica or zinc dust may be added.
Patent GB-262396-A (GB)
Title: An improved method of generating steam
IPC: F22B1/14
Filed: 1926-10-22
Abstract: 262,396. Akt.-Ges. Brown, Boveri et Cie. Dec. 4, 1925, [Convention date]. Heating by direct contact of steam.-Steam generated in a boiler 10 is superheated in a coil 2 and passed into the water in an unheated vessel I under a pressure somewhat lower than the boiler pressure, and the steam generated in the vessel by the superheat together with the original steam is superheated in a coil 3 and passed into a second unheated vessel II under a still .slightly lower pressure, and so on until the required quantity of steam is produced. The boiler and the superheaters may be heated by the same furnace. The length, diameter or number of the tubes of the superheating coils is increased from stage to stage of the steam generation. A drum or container divided by transverse partitions may be used in place of the separate vessels I, II - - -. The water surfaces in the vessels increase in area from stage to stage in accordance with the increase in the quantity of steam produced. Condenser water is supplied to the vessels and the boiler through a pipe 12, and fresh feed is supplied to one of the vessels through a pipe 13.
Patent GB-501003-A (GB)
Title: Process of colour photography
IPC: G03C7/26
Filed: 1937-05-10
Abstract: 501,003. Colour photography ; photographic developing processes. KODAK, Ltd. May 10, 1937, No. 26472 /38. Convention date, May 9, 1936. Divided out of 500,826. [Class 98 (ii)] A multi-layer colour photographic process wherein the first latent images are developed to silver and removed and the residual images are selectively processed to colour, is characterized by rendering some or all of the residual images developable, developing them to silver and then reconverting the silver to silver chloride in a fine state of subdivision before processing them to colour. In a three-layer element the middle layer is usually yellow and green sensitive and the lower layer red sensitive. This order of the layers may be changed if a very sharp blue image is desired by having the middle layer sensitive to red and orange and the lower layer sensitive to yellow and green. This variation is possible since red, sensitizers, e.g. 4: 4<1>-dichloro-2 : 2<1> : 8-triethylthiacarbocyanine chloride, which do not sensitize to green and yellow but very strongly sensitize to the extreme orange red in addition to the genuine red can now be made. The three layers may be coated on the same side of the support or the red or yellow-green sensitive emulsion 'can be on the back of the support and the other two on the front. Alternatively the element may have two emulsion layers one of which contains a mixture of silver halide emulsions respectively sensitized for the red and green regions of the spectrum while the other contains not specially sensitized silver halide emulsion. In order to avoid the effect of local under-exposure in the lower layers all the layers are first saturated with developing agent in high concentration and are then treated with weak alkali to effect development. Alternatively a concentrated developing solution is allowed to diffuse into all the layers at as low a temperature as it is possible to employ without alteration in composition of the solution and the development process started or accelerated by warming the layers to room temperature or above. The metallic silver formed on first development of the latent images can be removed by completely dissolving it with oxidizing agents and washing it out. The residual silver halide in some or all of the layers is then reduced to silver, which is converted into highly dispersed silver chloride by treatment with potassium ferricyanide and sodium chloride or with lead chloride or mercuric chloride. Further treatment can be carried out by processes described in Specification 499,185, 500,793, 500,826, 501,000, or 501,001. Specifications 427,518, 427,520, 454,498, 454.499, and 454,622 also are referred to.
Patent GB-362930-A (GB)
Title: Improved sackholder for use in harvesting vegetables or other market garden produce
IPC: A01D46/22
Filed: 1930-09-05
Abstract: 362,930. Sack-holders. NICKLIN, J. B., Lindencroft, Ashton-under-Hill, near Evesham, Worcestershire. Sept. 5, 1930, No. 26496. [Class 58.] A sack - holder is formed as a rigid frame carried by ground engaging supports enclosing the sack. Four vertical sides, each constructed of three vertical laths 2, are nailed or otherwise secured to cross-bars 3, the lower cross-bar being arranged on the inside and the upper on the outside of the laths. The lower cross-bars are disposed with their lower edges above the ground level and directly below the lower cross-bars a bottom consisting of cross-strips 6 is fixed. Four hooks 9 are fitted on the inside of the holder near its top.
Patent GB-1401871-A (GB)
Title: Method of purifying exhaust gases emanating from motor vehicle engines
IPC: B01D53/94
Filed: 1972-06-07
Abstract: 1401871 Purifying exhaust gases MITSUI MINING & SMELTING CO Ltd 7 June 1972 [10 June 1971] 26539/72 Heading C1A [Also in Division B1] Motor vehicle exhaust gases are purified by introducing into the exhaust system a catalyst made by adding at least one of the metals Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Nb, Ag and Ta to a catalytic oxide comprising at least one oxide of Mn, Bi or Pb or a mixture of oxides containing at least one of these oxides, the total weight of additive metal being less than the total weight of catalytic oxide, the catalytic oxide may also contain CaO, MgO, ThO 2 , SiO 2  and/or Al 2 O 3  and up to half of the above catalytic metals may be replaced by oxides thereof. In one embodiment, the catalytic oxide has finer particles of MgO or ThO 2  adhering thereto. The catalyst effects the oxidation of Co and/or hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases.
Patent GB-1156002-A (GB)
Title: Process and Apparatus for Reforming Hydrocarbons.
IPC: F25J3/02
Filed: 1966-06-14
Abstract: 1,156,002. Catalytic apparatus. C. F. BRAUN & CO. 14 June, 1966 [22 Oct., 1965], No. 26552/66. Heading B1F. [Also in Division Cl] Apparatus used in the autothermal conversion of hydrocarbons comprises an outer shell 410 having an inlet 412 and an outlet 414, the outer shell enclosing an inner shell 416 separated from the outer shell along a major portion of its length by a fluid conducting space 420 and being connected to the outer shell at a point proximate to the outlet of the outer shell e.g. gas tight seal 418, the inner shell having a plurality of openings 422 in the wall thereof, and .a plurality of gas conducting fuses 424 having one end in communication with the outlet, a chamber for containing catalyst 444 and means for introducing air into the chamber e.g. spanger 434, the gas conducting tubes having an opposite end in communication with the chamber, the walls of the chamber being spaced from the walls of the inner shell to provide fluid communication between the chamber and the holes in the wall of the inner shell. This type of reactor permits primary and secondary reformation of say methane or naphtha to occur in a multistage process of making synthesis gas.
Patent GB-236795-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of quinonoid derivatives of 2:1-naphthophenothiazine
Filed: 1924-11-07
Abstract: Quinonoid derivatives of 2 : 1-naphthophenothiazines are obtained by reduction of 2-oxy-3(21-nitrophenylmercapto),1 : 4-naphthoquinone or a substitution product thereof, and if necessary subsequently treating with an acid.  In examples 2-oxy-3(21-nitrophenylmercapto)-1 : 4-naphthoquinone and its 41-chloro and 51-dimethylamino derivatives are dissolved in caustic soda, reduced with hydrosulphite, air passed in and the solution acidified. 2-Oxy-3(21-nitrophenylmercapto)-1 : 4-naphthoquinone is sulphonated with feebly fuming sulphuric acid and the product reduced with sodium sulphide and sulphur to obtain a thiazine derivative which yields blue-green with after-chromed dyeing on wool.  Yellow-green dyeings on after-chromed wool are obtained from the product of a similar reduction of 2-oxy-3(21-nitrophenylmercapto)-1 : 4-naphthoquinone-6(7)-sulphonic acid.  2-Oxy-3(21-nitrophenylmercapto)-1 : 4-naphthoquinone and its substitution products may be obtained by reacting upon 2-arylamino- or 2-acidylamino-3-chlor-1 : 4-naphthoquinone or a sulphonic acid thereof with 2-nitrothiophenol or a substitution product thereof and heating with strong alkali.  The products may be sulphonated with feebly fuming sulphuric acid.  In examples the products employed above are obtained respectively from the following thiophenols:- 2-nitrothiophenol, 2-nitro-4-chlor-1-thiophenol, 2-nitro-5-dimethylamino-1-thiophenol and in the last case 2-phenylamino-3-chlor-1 : 4-naphthoquinone-7-sulphonic acid is condensed with 2-nitrothiophenol.
Patent GB-1072472-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to metal connectors for forming wooden joints
IPC: F16B15/00
Filed: 1964-06-26
Abstract: 1,072,472. Spiked plates. AUTOMATED BUILDING COMPONENTS Inc. June 26, 1964 [July 10, 1963], No. 26630/64. Heading F2H. A mild steel plate for connecting abutted timbers (e.g. one plate may be used at each of two opposite sides or at one side only of a joint of a roof truss or a window screen frame) is of a thickness between 0.0306 and 0À0490 inch and has pointed teeth struck from it at a density of at least five teeth to the square inch. Other dimensions are given. In Fig. 3 (not shown), (A) represents a line at which intersect lines projected from the diagonal ends of teeth (32, 34) in alternate rows (20, 24) of the teeth. The line (A) is below the intermediate row (22). The teeth may be of V-shaped cross-section or with points of arrowhead shape. They may have serrated edges or sloping shoulders at their roots, Figs. 6, 7 (not shown). The plates and wooden members may be laid on a jig and secured together by a press or they may be simply hammered together. The four corners of a plate may be hammered home and the joint then passed between rollers to be pressed home.
Patent GB-361027-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with positive engagement clutches
IPC: F16D11/10
Filed: 1930-09-06
Abstract: 361,027. Positive clutches. JACKSON, J. G., 16, Linn Terrace, Muirend, Renfrewshire. Sept. 6, 1930, No. 26655. [Class 80 (ii).] In positive clutches of the kind employing rolling contact members adapted to rotate during engaging and disengaging movements, there is provided a shock-absorbing coupling, such as a spring connection between one member and its shaft, yield of the coupling not causing declutching. A driven member C, rigid with its shaft D, has claws 9 with surfaces 10 for engagement with rollers 5 rotatable on screws 6 and located between the rim 3 and hub 4 of an axially-shiftable driving member B, which is coupled to a collar 7 on its shaft A solely by a torsion spring 8. The ends of the rollers may alternatively be set into the rim and hub. The surfaces 10 may be so inclined or rounded as to assist or resist disengagement, the degree of inclination &c. in the former event being either sufficient or insufficient to require force to maintain engagement. The radial cylindrical rollers may be replaced by balls engaging plane or curved surfaces or by tapered or conical radial or other rollers having straightline contact with the coacting claws. Alternatively, rolling members such as cylindrical rollers may be provided on both clutch members, their axes being parallel or crossed at 90‹ or other angle.
Patent GB-519170-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tobacco feeding apparatus
IPC: A24C5/39
Filed: 1938-09-13
Abstract: 519,170. Magnetic separators ; iron alloys. HAYSOM, J. C., and MOLINS MACHINE CO., Ltd. Sept. 13, 1938, No. 26656. [Classes 72 and 82 (i)] [Also in Groups VI and XXXV] In apparatus for feeding tobacco, the tobacco is freed from particles of iron &c. by means of permanent magnets made of an alloy of high coercivity ; the magnets are arranged with opposite poles in succession and the gaps between the poles are oblique to the flow of the tobacco. Fig. 2 shows a number of horse-shoe magnets 22 secured by screws to plates 24 and enclosed in a thin sheet-metal guard 27. The poles of the magnets are of trapezium shape as shown in Fig. 3, or may be rhomboidal. Fig. 1 shows the arrangement of such a magnet structure in a tobacco-feeding machine such as that described in Specification 441,402, [Group VI]. The magnet is placed near the feedroller 14, and is carried on pivoted arms 28, so that it can be turned for cleaning by means of a handle 30. In a modification the guard 27 is replaced by a cylinder of sheet metal, which is continuously rotated, the adhering material being removed by a scraper. A suitable alloy for the magnets consists of 20 per cent. nickel' 10 per cent. aluminium, 10 per cent. cobalt and 60 per cent. iron. Specification 249,575, [Class 130], also is referred to.
Patent GB-835771-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of olefine addition compounds containing mercury
IPC: C07F3/10
Filed: 1956-10-25
Abstract: Olefine addition compounds containing mercury are made by reacting an olefin with a mercuric salt of an organic acid and an aliphatic alcohol having at least four carbon atoms (other than an ether alcohol or a semi-acetal), an aliphatic or aromatic acid, an enol or a primary or secondary aromatic amine.  The olefine may be straight or branched chain, cyclic or polycyclic, and may contain substituents such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, ester, aryl, alkyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy or acyloxy groups.  Mercuric acetate or propionate may be reacted with the olefine and a monohydric or polyhydric aliphatic alcohol having at least four carbon atoms (other than an ether alcohol or a semiacetal), a monobasic or polybasic aliphatic or aromatic acid (which may be a halogen substituted, hydroxy- or keto-acid), an enol or a primary or secondary aromatic amine. Mercuric salts of monobasic or dibasic organic halo-, hydroxy- or keto-acids having not more than three carbon atoms may be reacted with the olefin and a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol having at least four carbon atoms (other than an ether alcohol or a semi-acetal), a monobasic or polybasic aliphatic or aromatic acid (which may be a halogen-substituted, hydroxy- or keto-acid), an enol or a primary or secondary aromatic amine.  Mercuric salts of monobasic or polybasic aliphatic acids (having at least four carbon atoms) or of aromatic acids (which may be halogen, hydroxy- or keto substituted) may be reacted with the olefine and a monohydric or polyhydric aliphatic alcohol having at least four carbon atoms (other than an ether alcohol or a semi-acetal), a monobasic or polybasic aliphatic or aromatic acid (which may be halogen-substituted, hydroxy- or keto-acid) an enol or a primary or secondary amine.  The reaction medium should be acidic when using an alcohol in order to prevent alcoholysis of the mercuric salt, and preferably the acid from which the salt is derived is used.  An inert solvent such as benzene or cyclohexane, a halogenated hydrocarbon, a p  mineral oil product or dioxane may be added to the reaction mixture.
Patent GB-241946-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in apparatus for filtering and rectifying electric currents
IPC: H02M1/14
Filed: 1925-10-24
Abstract: 241,946. Dubilier Condenser Co. (1925), Ltd., (Assignees of Houck, H. W.). Oct. 24, 1924, [Convention date]. Thermionic valve circuits.-Alternating current is first rectified in a valve and the pulsations in the rectified current are then smoothed out to make the current suitable for the high tension side of a radio receiving set. A pair of transformer primaries 10, 12 are placed across the alternating current mains, the mains being bridged in front of the transformer connections by a pair of condensers 6; a point between these condensers is earthed at 40. The primary 12 excites two secondaries 19, 20 which are used to heat the filaments f<1>, f<2> of the rectifier R. The current to be rectified is supplied from a secondary 15 excited by the primary 10; the mid-point of this secondary is connected by the lead 18 to the pulsation smoothing devices, the ends of the secondary 10 being connected to the filaments f<1>, f<2>. The return lead 25 from the consumption devices is connected to a plate P in the rectifier; alternate pulses of the current are suppressed so that the current leaving the rectifier pulsates. The lead 18 includes a coil 26 and continues through the two coils 32 to a positive supply terminal 33. The lead 25 includes the coil 27 and passes on to the negative supply terminal 34. Condensers 31 are bridged across these leads on each side of the coils as shown. The positive lead is connected to the negative through a variable resistance 39 and a condenser 31<a>; a third terminal 38 is connected below the variable resistance. The lead 25 is grounded on the supply side of the coil 27, and a resistance 37 is connected from the positive supply terminal to this grounding lead; this resistance prevents heavy surges of current in the alternate current mains affecting the radio supply. The resistance 37 may be replaced by one in series with the primary 12. The cores for the coils may be closed or partly open. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 148,129, 228,109, [both in Class 38 (ii), Electric currents, Converting &c.], and 230,854.
Patent GB-249430-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatically operated air-pumps for pneumatic road wheels
IPC: B60C23/12
Filed: 1925-10-24
Abstract: 249,430. Schubert, E. Oct. 24, 1925. Actuating pumps by motion of vehicles. - Apparatus for maintaining the inflation of the tyres of road vehicles comprises a spring- actuated pump connected to rotate with the wheel and operated by a rod or " plunger " arranged at the side of the tyre and contacting with the ground only when the tyre becomes soft. The plunger slides in a casing pivoted to a lever acting on the piston, and the position of the plunger relative to the casing and the ground are controlled by a spring and by collars. The cylinder a is connected to the wheel spokes, and has a discharge nipple f connected to the tyre valve. It contains a spring b which effects the suction stroke, and a cushioning spring e. The piston rod has a pin-and-slot connection with a lever h actuated by a rod n fitted with a shoe n<1> which contacts with the road when the tyre is soft. The rod slides in a casing m secured to the lever, and is fitted with collars o, p, and a spring q by which the rod raises the casing m and the lever. The collar o is adjustable to alter the normal position of the shoe.