baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-815697-A (GB)
Title: Electrodes for arc melting refractory metals
IPC: F27D11/08
Filed: 1957-08-08
Abstract: 815,697. Furnace electrodes. UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION. Aug. 8, 1957 [Aug. 9, 1956], No. 24981/57. Class 39(3) A substantially non-consumable electrode for the arc melting production of ingots of high melting point reactive metals of Groups IV, V and VI of the Periodic Table, especially Ti, Ta, Cb, V, Zr, Mo or W comprises a carbide of at least one of the metals with sufficient free carbon i.e. 6-9 per cent of the weight of the electrode to prevent disintegration thereof by thermal shock. The electrode 10 is secured to a copper adaptor 14 on a water-cooled shaft 12 and is supported centrally in a watercooled copper crucible 16. The melting takes place in an inert atmosphere with addition of scraps or sponge of the metal to be melted. The electrode is prepared by mixing pure metal carbide with graphite flakes, or by providing an excess of carbon in the preparation of the meta] carbide and controlling the amount of free carbon in the electrode by mixing with this carbide the required proportion of pure metal carbide and hot pressing the mixture in dies.
Patent GB-532512-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spring seat saddles
IPC: B62J1/02
Filed: 1939-09-07
Abstract: 532,512. Saddles. TERRY & SONS, Ltd., H., and TERRY, N. V. Sept. 7, 1939, No. 25204. [Class 136 (iii)] In a saddle top having front and rear sets of springs 4, 5 the junction of the springs 4, 5 is surrounded by a flexible embracing band 6, e.g. of fabric, which is harnessed to the saddle frame by a flexible member, such as a fabric strap 7, so as to prevent displacement of the flexible and deformable band 6. The strap 7 is connected to the band 6 by rivets &c. and is looped about the cantle plate 8 and secured by rivets 10.
Patent GB-321666-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical advertising apparatus
IPC: G09G3/00
Filed: 1928-08-14
Abstract: 321,666. Zajdler, A. Aug. 14, 1928. Divided on 321,664. Monogrammic signs.-In monogrammic signs wherein letters appear to move across a field of lamps, the successive illumination of the lamps being obtained by a switch device comprising a perforated band t travelling between contacts 5 and a plate 6 connected to a source of electric current, the selected contacts 5 energize distant electromagnets which attract arms 1 so as to allow pivoted members w to fall into the path of spring catches u carried round by a rotating drum h. Selected plunger contacts l, normally elevated by these catches u, are thus released for contact with a series of contacts p carried by a stationary drum o and connected to those lamps in the sign which correspond to the perforations in the band. A cam plate v restores the plungers l to the elevated position, and the members w are lifted by cam teeth so as to be retained by the shoulders 7 of those members 1 which are not attracted by their electromagnets. The plunger contacts l may carry metallic brush bristles.
Patent GB-659701-A (GB)
Title: A process for decomposing cobalt compounds in formylation products and apparatus therefor
IPC: C07C27/22
Filed: 1949-09-30
Abstract: Cobalt compounds contained in products obtained by reaction of olefinic compounds with CO and H2 in presence of cobalt catalysts are decomposed by raising said products to the temperature required for the decomposition by mixing with a reaction product heated above the decomposition temperature, in which product the cobalt compounds have already been decomposed. The product to be decobaltized may be preheated, for example to 80-100 DEG  C., if desired in presence of CO or a gas containing it, before mixing with the decobaltized product at a temperature of 200-350 DEG  C.  The latter may be heated in presence of hydrogen at above 10 atm.  A recycled portion of the products obtained in the decomposition may be used for the heating. The ratio of recycled product to material to be decobaltized is generally 1-5 : 1, dependent on the temperature.  The cobalt liberated may be absorbed by a carrier, for example that recycled with the decobaltized product of a reaction using a suspended cobalt catalyst on a carrier.  The decomposition is effected in the presence of hydrogen if cobalt in an active form for hydrogenation is required.  The hydrogenated product comprising alcohols or the high boiling fraction thereof after distillation of alcohols may be used as the heating medium.  An apparatus for decobaltizing comprises two concentric vessels, the inner one having a conical base with an inlet at the apex to which product to be decobaltized and hydrogen are fed. The product is forced up through the inner vessel, flows over the top and down through the annular space where it is heated, and is then entrained by the fresh feed.  In examples: (1) C6-C8 alkenes are converted to a product containing aldehydes and alcohols using a suspended cobalt - kieselguhr catalyst.  The product is fed at 20 DEG C., together with decobaltized product at 300 DEG  C. and hydrogen, to the base of a tower at a pressure of 50 atm.; (2) an aldehydic product is preheated to 100 DEG  C. and mixed with decobaltized product at 200 DEG  C. to give a final temperature of 180 DEG  C. The decobaltized product, after separating from gas, is in part recycled, and the remainder hydrogenated to alcohols.
Patent GB-749710-A (GB)
Title: Dry-rectifier element
IPC: H01L29/00
Filed: 1953-09-14
Abstract: 749,710. Dry plate rectifiers. LICENTIA PATENT-VERWALTUNGS GES. Sept. 14, 1953 [Sept. 13, 1952], No. 25296/53. Class 37. In a plate rectifier element designed to form part of a stack the counter electrode and in some cases the semi-conductive layer as well is removed from the area subject to clamping pressure and is replaced by either an intermediate metal member, insulated from the baseplate and the semi-conductive layer, but conductively connected to the counter electrode or by a composite member comprising an insulating body resting on the semi-conductor layer or base-plate and formed with a ring, sheathing, sleeve or coating of metal in contact with the counter electrode. In the embodiment of Fig. 2 a metal washer 4 fits on top of an insulating layer 5 in the recess formed by local removal of the counter electrode 3 and semiconductive layer 2 around the bolt-hole. In Fig. 1 (not shown) the arrangement differs in that only the counter electrode is partially removed while in the arrangement of Fig. 4 (not shown), where no bolt-hole is provided, the metal washer is extended to function as a spacing member. In the embodiment of Fig. 5 a hollow tube 9 of insulating material separates the base-plate 1 from that of the next element, a metal sheath 11 connecting the counter electrode 3 to the following base-plate 1 being insulated from semi-conductive layer 2 by the rim 10. In Fig. 6, the reduced section end of the tube 12 fits into a recess 13 in the base-plate, and the metal sheath 14 is cut off short of the semiconductive layer 2.
Patent GB-655911-A (GB)
Title: An improved precision device for measuring pressures
IPC: G01L7/18
Filed: 1948-09-28
Abstract: 655,911. Pressure gauges; integrating and recording apparatus. LANDIS & GYR SOC. ANON. Sept. 28, 1948, No. 25304. Convention date, Oct. 15, 1947. [Classes 106 (ii) and 106 (iv)] A gauge for measuring the pressure difference across a restriction 3 in a conduit 1 for gas or liquid comprises a bell or ring gauge, the metering conduits 7 to which lead from a tank 5 divided into two chambers by a partition 6, each chamber being connected by a conduit 4 to one side of the construction, the tank 5 being otherwise closed and acting as a pressure transformer. For measuring liquids (Fig. 1), the conduits 4 open into the bottom of the tank 5 and the liquid itself acts to displace the gas in the gauge system. For measuring gases (Fig. 3), the conduits 4 open into the top of the tank 5 and the conduits 7 dip into a separate obturating liquid. In a casing 10 containing a sealing liquid is dispersed a bell 11 carried on springs 15 and attached to a wire or rod 13 carrying a pointer 17 co'-operating with a scale 16. The bell has vanes 22 which rotate it  during motion to reduce friction. For ordinary static pressures the sealing fluid seals the casing 10 from the outside by rising in a tube 12. For rather higher static pressures a grease seal (Fig. 2, not shown), containing a capillary tube through which passes the rod 13 may be provided. For high static pressures, the casing 10 is closed and the movement of the bell is detected magnetically or electromagnetically. In modifications, the lower spring 15 may be replaced by a weight or the upper spring by a float. For quantity measuring the pointer 17 carries a stop 29 which co-operates with a cam surface 31 on a member 30, the cam being shaped to extract the square root of the pressure. The member 30 carries a pencil 32 marking a tape 33. The member 30 carried on a shaft is moved to contact the stop 29 by a spring 34 and in the other direction by a swinging arm 36 driven by a motor 37 through a cam 38. The shaft carries a rack 35 which operates a counter 40 to move an indicator 53. If it is desired to indicate the quantity of heat in a conditioning circuit using liquid a multiplication device 42 operated by two thermal elements 51 is provided. When a gaseous medium is used, one of the thermal elements 51 is replaced by a pressure-responsive element. The multiplying device may be similar to that described in Specification 612,841. Instead of the cam surface 31 being shaped to extract the square root, a suitably-shaped body for this purpose may be inserted in the bell. The bell and/or the tank 5 may be frustro-conical in shape so that the movement of the pointer 17 may be greater for lower pressure differences. The theory of operation of the gauge is given in the Specification.
Patent GB-172392-A (GB)
Title: Method or process of distillation of material carrying a percentage of volatile matter
IPC: C10B7/04
Filed: 1920-09-02
Abstract: 172,392. Johns, G. M. Sept. 2, 1920. Carbonizing processes.-Powdered coal, peat, lignite, oil shale &c. are fed through a shoot 20 into an inclined retort having a plane surface 16 heated by the hot gases from a furnace 10. The powdered material is caused to travel down the surface 16 in a layer of substantially uniform thickness by reciprocating blades 18 which also prevent too rapid travel through the retort. The material is heated to a low temperature in the chamber 13 at the rear end of the retort and is more highly heated in the chamber 12 immediately over the furnace 10. The spent material falls into a container 22 and the products of distillation are taken off by pipes 24 leading to a common conduit 25. The degree of fineness of the material is such that approximately 50 per cent passes through a hundred-mesh sieve.
Patent GB-697886-A (GB)
Title: Methods for the manufacture of an excess semi-conductor from a deficit semi-conductor
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1951-10-31
Abstract: 697,886. Asymmetrically-conducting resistors. LICENTIA PATENT-VERWALTUNGS-GES. Oct. 31, 1951 [Aug. 15, 1949], No. 25441/51. Class 37. A deficit semi-conductor is turned into an excess semi-conductor by the addition of an electrode containing impurities of excessinducing metals which act by penetrating into the semi-conductor, accelerated if desired by heating or by means of an electric field. Example quoted is selenium semi-conductor provided with a bismuth electrode containing copper, silver and/or gold.
Patent GB-296759-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ink
IPC: C09D11/02
Filed: 1928-09-05
Abstract: 296,759. British Celanese, Ltd., (Assignees of Platt. H., and Dreyfus, C.). Sept. 7, 1927, [Convention date]. Ink.-A marking or printing ink, unaffected by dyeing or beaching processes, consists of a pigment, a drying or semi-drying oil, and a solution of a cellulose ester. The ingredients may be vermilion, ultramarine, or, preferably, lead chromate; linseed oil (especially raw linseed oil), or China wood oil; and nitrocellulose, dissolved in ether and alcohol, acetone, or preferably, ethyl acetate. The ink, which may be applied by means of a stylograph pen having a rounded point, is particularly adapted for marking cellulose acetate fabrics.
Patent GB-1394173-A (GB)
Title: Cracking apparatus
IPC: F02M27/02
Filed: 1973-05-29
Abstract: 1394173 Cracking apparatus SIEMENS AG 29 May 1973 [3 July 1972] 25603/73 Heading C5E [Also in Division F1] Apparatus for cracking a vapour phase liquid hydrocarbon fuel to yield a gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and/or hydrogen comprises a mixing chamber 11 followed by a cracking chamber 12 containing a cracking catalyst for the fuel, there being disposed in the mixing chamber one or more tubes 14 connectible to a source of an oxygen-containing gas, e.g. air or exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, and formed with outlet openings 17 for supplying the gas to the interior of the mixing chamber at a plurality of positions disposed over the flow cross-section of the vapour phase liquid hydrocarbon fuel present in the mixing chamber, which tube or tubes reduce(s) the flow cross-section available to the fuel, and gas guiding surfaces 19 extending beyond the outlet openings in the flow direction of the fuel which gradually increase the flow cross-section available in the mixing chamber once the fuel has impinged on thetubes. The tubes i.e. pipe conduit or ceramic body containing a system of passages, may supply the oxygen-containing gas at right angles to the direction of flow of the fuel through the mixing chamber. The tube may be a spiral tube or a plurality of tubes arranged parallel to each other, or disposed concentrically in the mixing chamber and which may be defined geometrically by their cross-sections describing circles, each tube being in communication with the exterior of the mixing chamber through a conduit means radially disposed with respect to the circles. The walls of the tube(s) 14 may provide the gas-guiding surfaces 19 and may be flat. The outlet openings 17 may be disposed in a regular pattern over the flow cross-section. Separate supply means for supply of different oxygen-containing gases may be connected to different tubes. Opening 21 may be provided for supplying air to a position in the mixing chamber and a sparking plug 18 may be provided for igniting the combustible mixture produced on admixing the air with the fuel. The cracking chamber 12 may comprise at least one catalyst support body containing cracking catalyst, e.g. nickel or platinum, distributed on surfaces thereof which are accessible to the gas mixture entering the cracking chamber. The catalyst support body or bodies may be each constituted by a porous sintered block 22, e.g. of sintered aluminium and/or magnesium oxide, or sintered magnesium - aluminium silicate, which may have a pore volume of 20 to 60%, and a plurality of substantially parallel through passages 23, e.g. having a diameter of 0À1 to 2 mm., which are substantially perpendicular to the largest surface. The outlet from the cracking chamber may be in communication with the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine, gas turbines, industrial and domestic burners, and the product gas may also be used as a reduction gas, e.g. in metallurgical processes.
Patent GB-1501147-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for tensile testing metal foil
IPC: G01N3/08
Filed: 1975-06-16
Abstract: 1501147 Setting up tensile test pieces NATIONAL AERONAUTICS & SPACE ADMINISTRATION NASA 16 June 1975 [27 June 1974] 25610/75 Heading G1S A stainless steel foil tensile test specimen 8, Fig. 1, is carefully cut, machined and finally sanded so as to be completely free from burrs, nicks and flaws and have parallel edges, and is gripped at both ends in open topped V-shaped blocks 9, 11 positioned for aligning the strip in a channel shaped box 1. The test strip is laid across the blocks and within the U grooves and is then held down on the blocks by screws fastening down on pressure plates fitting into the grooves. When the specimen is thus correctly aligned and clamped it is removed with the blocks 9, 10 and held in jaws 63, 65 of a tensile tester by screws 67 and forks 49, Fig. 8 having projections 55, 57 engaging in Vee grooves cut vertically in the end blocks.
Patent GB-1333539-A (GB)
Title: Powder coating compositions 1
IPC: C09D5/46
Filed: 1972-06-01
Abstract: 1333539 Powder coating composition FORD MOTOR CO Ltd 1 June 1972 [16 Aug 1971] 25652/72 Heading C3B [Also in Division B2] A powder coating composition comprises a mixture of:. (I) a copolymer of 8À25% by wt. of an ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl compound, e.g. glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate, with 92-75% by wt. of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, having a number average molecular weight of 2500-8500 and a glass transition temp. of 40-90 C.; (II) from 0À5-10 parts by wt. per 100 parts by wt. of I of a cross-linking agent which contains tertiary nitrogen atoms; and (III) a flow control agent which is a polymer having a number average molecular weight of at least 1000 and a glass' transition temp... at least 50 C. below the glass transition temp. of I. Examples of I are copolymers of 8-25% of glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate, 40-92% -of methyl or butyl methacrylate, butyl, ethyl or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and from 0-35% of styrene, alphamethylstyrene, acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile. II may be a tertiary amine or a compound which decomposes to give a tertiary amine under the reaction conditions, e.g. a tetraalkylammonium salt, a pyrimidine, a piperidine, a pyridine, a quinoline, an isoquinoline, benzoguanamine or dicyandiamide III, which may be present a 0À05-4% by wt. of the composition, may be polylauryl acrylate or methacrylate, polybutyl acrylate or methacrylate or poly(2-ethylhexyl) acrylate or methacrylate. Fluorinated polymers, e.g. esters of polyethylene glycol with perfluorooctanoic acid are also suitable. The composition may additionally contain 0À05-1% by wt. of an antistatic agent and 6-35% by wt. of a pigment. Dyes may also be present.
Patent GB-1307471-A (GB)
Title: Forest cultivation
IPC: A01G9/10
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1307471 Germinating seeds HASSELFORS BRUKS AB 19 April 1971 [1 April 1970 (2)] 25744/71 Heading A1E A germination and seedling promoting unit comprises a moisture absorbing mass 10 having a recess 11 for seeds 12. The recess 11 is covered by an evaporation protection 13, preferably of foam plastics, having slots, and an iron wire protection 14. A further covering 16 of, for example, plastics has an opening 17 which allows ground moisture to enter the mass 10, and a cross cut 18 for the seedlings to penetrate. The covering 16 has a rough black outer surface for use in cold climates so as to absorb heat, and is white when used in hot climates.
Patent GB-598395-A (GB)
Title: Pliable sheet material for packaging purposes and a process for the production of packages therefrom
IPC: B65D65/14
Filed: 1945-10-04
Abstract: 598,395. Packages. RADO, L. Oct. 4, 1945, No. 25786. [Classes 94 (i) and 94 (ii)] [Also in Groups VIII and XXII] In the production of packages by wrapping up, pliable sheet material such as paper or cellulose hydrate foil or metal foil, provided with a thermoplastic adhesive in the form of parallel intersecting lines running from at least two directions is used. The overlapping edges of the wrapping are sealed by a heated tool, the width of which is wider than the width between neighbouring parallel adhesive lines.
Patent GB-664483-A (GB)
Title: Toll switching system for telephone and the like connections
IPC: H04Q3/00
Filed: 1949-10-07
Abstract: 664,483. Exchange systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Oct. 7, 1949 [Oct. 8, 1948], No. 25799/49. Class 40 (iv). In a system for connecting an incoming 2- wire line to one of a group of outgoing lines which. may be 4-wire, repeatered 2-wire or non-repeatered 2-wire, the incoming line 1, Fig. 1, is connected to an asymmetric hybrid 2, connections being made to the first two types of lines on a 4-wire basis, but to the last type on a 2-wire basis over the low loss arm 5 of the hybrid. By this means the loss in the hybrid which would be necessary for connecting up a non-repeatered line on a 4-wire basis is avoided. The high loss arm of the hybrid contains the usual low-pass filter 3 and an amplifier 4 for compensating for the line and hybrid loss. As shown, the first choice 4-wire lines 10 are connected to the earlier outlets of the switch 6, the 2-wire repeatered circuits (which may likewise contain asymmetrical hybrids 12) are connected to later outlets, and the overflow or last choice non-repeatered outlets 17 are connected to the last outlets of the lower bank only. The connections may be established manually instead of over an automatic switch as shown. The asymmetric hybrid, Fig. 2, comprises two transformers 14, 15 connected as shown, the turns ratio of the windings in the line and balance circuits respectively being 1 : m and m : 1 by which means the incoming power is divided between the upper and lower arms in the ratio 1 : m<SP>2</SP>. Likewise, energy received over coil 5 is split between the line 1 and balance 9 in the ratio m<SP>2</SP> : 1. A phantom tap 16 is supplied in the line circuit. The signalling receiver 13 may advantageously be located in the low loss arm 5, thereby permitting the use of signalling levels, especially in the case of low frequency signalling such as 17 or 50 c.p.s., which will not overload the incoming amplifiers. The amount of signalling current received over the upper arm may be further reduced by giving transformer 14 a low inductance thereby making it inefficient at low frequencies. Care is then taken to make equal the leakage inductance of the windings of the two transformers connected to the balance network, in order to maintain an accurate balance of the transformer.
Patent GB-611711-A (GB)
Title: Refrigerator door latch
IPC: E05B65/00
Filed: 1944-12-27
Abstract: 611,711. Fastenings. PHILCO RADIO & TELEVISION CORPORATION. Dec. 27, 1944, No. 25899. Convention date, Dec. 24, 1943. [Class 44] The invention provides a modification of the toggle-operated refrigerator door fastening described in Specification 610,015, arranging the parts so that the spring acting on the toggle passes over dead centre to hold the latch retracted, the trigger device being thus eliminated. The Z-shaped latch bolt 24, with selflubricating roller 28 to engage the keeper 17, is pivoted at 27 to the casing members 20 and is actuated by toggle links 30, 32 pivoted to the bolt and the casing members respectively and connected by their common pivot 42 to a bar 43 sliding on the pivot pin 27 and carrying the actuating spring. The links 32 are of triangular form, and have pivoted to them a link 36 which has pin-and-slot connection to the pivoted handle 9 for retraction of the latch, the handle being biassed to the normal position by a spring-pressed pin 40. When the latch is retracted the bar 43 and links 32 pass. over dead centre against a stop lug 45 on the casing member 20, so that the parts are held in retracted position by the action of the spring until the latch-bolt engages an abutment 17a, on the closing of the door, to initiate the movement of the bolt to the engaging position, this movement being continued by the action of the spring. The stops 45 may be omitted if desired, the equivalent effect being then obtained by the end of the bar 43 engaging the pivot of the links 32.