baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-676002-A (GB)
Title: A process for dewaxing petroleum oils, shale oils, tar oils and the like
IPC: C10G73/06
Filed: 1948-11-22
Abstract: A process for the dewaxing of mineral oils, shale oils, tar oils and their fractions or residues comprises centrifuging the oil in the presence of oil-dissolving and wax-precipitating solvents, the precipitated wax being forced to pass through a layer of an indifferent auxiliary liquid or liquid mixture which is insoluble in the oil solution and has a surface tension relative to the oil solution, which is sufficiently low to allow the wax to pass through the layer in the form of separate crystals.  Auxiliary liquids mentioned are aqueous ketones such as acetone, methy ethyl ketone and diethyl ketone, oil-insoluble esters, nitroamino-, or halogen-substituted aliphatic and aromatic compounds, or mixtures of these compounds, with or without alcohols.  Oil solvents referred to are paraffinic hydrocarbons such as propane, hexane and light naphtha; mixtures of ketones such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone with aromatic p  hydrocarbons such as benzol or toluol; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as ethylene dichloride, alone or with aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene.  The process may be carried out in several steps, and the auxiliary liquid may be excluded from the first centrifugal treatment.  The wax may be separated from the auxiliary liquid for example by heating, whereby the waxes may be separated into fractions of different melting points.
Patent GB-360606-A (GB)
Title: An improved ceiling rose for electric pendants and the like
IPC: H02G3/20
Filed: 1930-10-10
Abstract: 360,606. Ceiling roses. BISHOP, W. J., 174, High Street, Croydon. Oct. 10, 1930, No. 30356. [Class 38 (i).] A ceiling rose of the type in which the feed and supply wires are clamped in bores in terminal pieces C by screws D, F, has these terminal pieces secured by screws passing through holes in the thickness of the base A, separate from the tapered holes B through which the feed wires pass.
Patent GB-657913-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hulling machines
IPC: B02B3/04
Filed: 1948-11-23
Abstract: 657,913. Delivering materials from hoppers. STEVENS, A. H. (Squier Manufacturing Co., G. L.). Nov. 23, 1948, No. 30395. [Class 78 (i)] [Also in Group I] In a milling machine in which the material enters through a hopper and whose discharge is controlled through a spout 9 by a gate 17 movable crosswise of said spout, there is provided a threaded bolt 20, pivoted at 24 to the machine, having a nut 25 which can be screwed up and down on the bolt which motion moves the gate 17 up and down when a groove 26, Fig. 3 (not shown), in the nut is brought into engagement with a slot 19 provided in the right-angled flange 18 of the gate. The nut 25 and thus the position of the gate is held in any position by a wing nut 30. On throwing-the bolt to the dotted position, the gate is free to be opened for any purpose after which a return of the bolt to its former position with engagement of the groove with the slot 19 of the gate ensures the exact gate setting as before.
Patent GB-972134-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for refining paper stock
IPC: D21D1/22
Filed: 1961-08-23
Abstract: 972,134. Conical refiners. BOLTON-EMERSON S.A. Aug. 23, 1961 [Aug. 29, 1960], No. 30417/61. Heading B2A. A truncated conical refiner for paper stock comprises plug and shell members 20, 21 each lined with a plurality of segments 25, or 31, having blades 29, 30, Fig. 2, or 44, 45, Fig. 3, angularly offset to the axis of the plug, the blades defining spaced channels such as 33, 34, Fig. 2, or 42, 43, Fig. 3, therebetween, the channels 33, 34 &c. being bridged by circular inwardly extending deflectors 61 and the channels 42, 43 &c. being bridged by circular outwardly extending deflectors 41, the deflectors guiding the stock from one member to the other in a sinuous longitudinally extending path without restricting the flow of the stock in the refiner. The inner ends of the blades are bevelled. The blades are of metal and the deflectors of epoxy resin. In a modification, Figs. 4 to 6, the plug and shell segments are provided with additional blades and deflectors. U.S.A. Specifications 1,560,743 and 2,921,749 are referred to.
Patent GB-1431451-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for measuring the torque on a shaft
IPC: G01L3/10
Filed: 1973-06-27
Abstract: 1431451 Measuring torque electrically SIMMONDS PRECISION PRODUCTS Inc 27 June 1973 [27 June 1972 30469/73 Heading G1N Apparatus for measuring the torque on a shaft 13 and providing compensation for shaft misalignment comprises a first toothed wheel 11 fixed to the shaft through a sleeve 12; a second toothed wheel 14 fixed to the shaft and spaced from the first wheel, the second wheel being angularly displaceable relative to the first wheel in response to the torque on the shaft; a first sensing means 15 including a first transducer 16 coupled to the first wheel deriving a first sine wave signal from the first wheel and a second transducer 17 coupled to the second wheel for deriving a first signal from the second wheel, the first signals derived from the first and second wheels being related by a characteristic that has a component related to the torque and thus to the relative position of the first wheel with respect to the second wheel and a component related to the relative position of the shaft with respect to the first and second transducers; a second sensing means 18 with transducers 19, 20 and a circuit Fig. 3 which acts to cancel the component related to the relative position of the shaft by combination of the signals from the first and second sensing means, using zero crossing detectors 21, 25, 28, 34, bi-stable flip-flop circuits 24, 31 and integrating capacitor 37.
Patent GB-808592-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic selector valve
IPC: F16K17/36
Filed: 1956-10-05
Abstract: 808,592. Valves. DENNYS, R. G. Oct. 5, 1956 [Oct. 7, 1955], No. 30478/56. Class 135. A pendulum-actuated valve selectively connecting various points within a tiltable and invertible tank to a single tank outlet so that liquid may be withdrawn from the tank even when only partially filled whatever its position, comprises a cylindrical housing 1, Fig. 2, having inlets 5, 6, 7, each housing a spring- loaded poppet valve 10 having a stem 13 engageable with a rotatable edge cam 22 fixed on one end of a shaft 21 which carries a pendulum weight 26 at its other end. The inlets 5, 6, 7 are connected respectively by conduits 27, 28, 29, Fig. 1, to the bottom front, bottom rear and top of an aircraft fuel tank 30 so that whatever manµuvre the aircraft carries out the inlet end of one or other of the conduits is submerged in the fuel. The housing 1 being fixed to the tank rotates with it relative to the pendulum so that the cam unseats the valve associated with the submerged conduit to enable fuel to be withdrawn from the tank. In level flight, the valves 10 associated with the inlets 5, 6 are both partly open (see Fig. 2).
Patent GB-227429-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for softening water
IPC: C02F5/02
Filed: 1924-12-18
Abstract: Water is softened by treatment with a mixture containing caustic alkalies, alkaline carbonates and borates, and alkaline salts of acids insoluble in water which dissociate to a high degree in water, for example silicates, aluminates and alumino-silicates.  Clay, casein or mucilaginous substances may be added if it is desired to use the mixture in the form of a paste or solid.  The sediment separated from the treated water may be used for scouring purposes.
Patent GB-841993-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to devices for the propagation of mechanical waves
Inventor: EDMUNDS ARTHUR GARNET WOLSLEY
IPC: C21D8/00
Filed: 1955-10-25
Abstract: 841,993. Making devices for the propagation of mechanical waves; altering physical structure. ELLIOTT BROS. (LONDON) Ltd. Oct. 23, 1956 [Oct. 25, 1955], No. 30489/55. Classes 83 (2) and 83 (4). A method of altering the temperature coefficient of velocity of propagation of mechanical wave-trains in a member, e.g. a wire, bar, tube or sheet, consists in straining the member, e.g. by stretching, compressing, bending or twisting, a controlled amount beyond its elastic limit so that when released it has a permanent set. After the member has been strained it is heat-treated at 100‹ C. In an example a nickel alloy wire consisting of 45% nickel had, when annealed, a temperature coefficient of mechanical wave velocity of +23Î10<SP>-6</SP> per 1‹ C. When a length of this wire was stretched beyond the yield point to produce about 0.3% permanent set, the temperature coefficient was reduced to +0.5Î10<SP>-6</SP> per 1‹ C. When stretched to set with 5.15% elongation the coefficient changed to -10.6Î10<SP>-6</SP>. In another example the temperature coefficient of a nickel alloy wire was reduced from 23 Î 10<SP>-6</SP> to - 3.4 Î 10<SP>-6</SP>, by stretching to set with 2.8 % elongation and heat treatment at 100 C. for 5 seconds brought the coefficient to - 0.5 Î 10<SP>-6</SP> at which value it remained stable under normal operating conditions.
Patent GB-794760-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to methods and corresponding apparatus for the manufacture of tubular articles from rubber latex compositions
IPC: B29D23/00
Filed: 1955-10-26
Abstract: 794,760. Moulding rubber tubes. PIRELLI SOC. PER AZIONI. Oct. 26, 1955 [Oct. 29, 1954], No. 30632/55. Class 87(2). Latex is forced from a tank 1 by compressed air through a distributer 6 and up pipe moulds 7 to deposit a layer of latex on the moulds. When the latex reaches the level A-A<SP>1</SP>, a valve 8 is turned to cut-off the compressed air and open the tank to the atmosphere, thus allowing excess latex to return to the tank 1. A tube 29 which is kept inflated to seal the joint 20, 21 between the distributer 6 and the mould container 11, is deflated to open the joint 20, 21 to atmosphere, while hot air is forced by a fan 25 through the moulds to dry the deposit of latex. The moulds may also be heated by circulating hot fluid through the space 12 in the container 11. Several layers may be applied, then the tubes 29, 291 are deflated and the moulds turned through 180 degrees about the axis O, O<SP>1</SP> and the tubes 29, 29<SP>1</SP> inflated again and further layers deposited, until tubes of the desired thickness are formed. The level of latex in the tank 1 is maintained by opening a valve 43 and allowing the latex to flow into the tank, until it reaches the level of a pipe 41 connected to a reserve tank 40. After the tubes are formed, they are vulcanized by passing steam through the space 12 and hot air through the tubes. The container is then disconnected and rotated to align it with a casing 30, Fig. 2. The tubes 29, 29<SP>1</SP> are inflated to seal connections between the casing and a cap 39, and talc is blown through the tubes by a fan 34. A nozzle 38 is then removed from the casing and an end plate 18 fixed to a carriage 31. The plate 18 is then released, by a pin 19, from a plate 10 and the carriage moved inside the casing by a winch 33 to stretch the tubes into the casing where their exterior is coated with talc. The tubes are then inverted and the process repeated to coat the other ends of the tubes with talc. (The tubes are held by the plates 18, because of the latex layer deposited on the outside of the plates). The cap 39 is then removed, one end of each tube is cut away from the plate 18, and the other plate pulled to withdraw the tubes from the moulds. The apparatus may be controlled automatically by a pneumatic system operated by electrically controlled valves. The levels of the latex may be controlled by mercury switches.
Patent GB-431330-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the finishing of cotton and artificial silk fabrics
IPC: D06M15/693
Filed: 1933-11-04
Abstract: Fabrics of cotton, artificial silk, or a mixture thereof are rendered crease-resisting by treatment with rubber in the form of latex or other suitable solution, drying out of contact with metals and then vulcanizing in two stages, first, by treatment in a bath of sulphur in boiling water with an accelerator and carrier and then, after rinsing and drying, by a second stage comprising treatment with hot air.  In an example the fabric is impregnated with 5--10 per cent by weight of rubber by squeezing through a heavy nip.  The fabric is then dried by hot air out of contact with metals and then immersed for 3\ba1/2\be hrs., in a bath containing 24 per cent of sulphur with zinc oxide and an accelerator.  Then after rinsing and drying the fabric is treated in a hot air chamber at 115 DEG  C., for 15--45 mins.  If desired the treatment in the bath may be under pressure. Ammonium stearate may be added to give a softer feel to the fabric.
Patent GB-1044185-A (GB)
Title: Two-speed transmission hub
IPC: F16H61/02
Filed: 1963-08-02
Abstract: 1,044,185. Variable-ratio gearing. FICHTEL & SACHS A.G. Aug: 2, 1963 [Aug. 3, 1962], No. 30732/63. Heading F2D. A two-speed (step-up and direct drive) hub gear comprises a centrifugal weight 17 pivotally mounted on a carrier 15 fast with a driven hub sleeve 2 and held inwardly, below a certain output speed, by a spring 19 so that a cone 16 is held in its right-hand position in which it holds pawls 11 out of engagement with ratchet teeth 12 formed on the hub sleeve 2. In this position drive takes place from an input wheel 5 by way of a member 4, pawls 14 and ratchet teeth 13 on the hub sleeve 2. At a given output speed the weight 17 pivots outwardly so that the cone 16 releases the pawls 11 and drive takes place from the input wheel 5 by way of a planet carrier 7 having planets 8 meshing a stationary sun 9 and a driven ring 10 which drives the pawls 11, the pawls 14 now being overrun.
Patent GB-1363763-A (GB)
Title: Measuring instrument with tolerance-limit indicating device
IPC: G01D13/22
Filed: 1971-06-30
Abstract: 1363763 Indicating apparatus M POSSATI [trading as APPARECCHI ELETTRONICI MARPOSS] 30 June 1971 [10 July 1970] 30733/71 Heading G1J A measuring instrument 13 with a pointer 14 movable adjacent a scale 21 engraved on a panel 17 is provided with a tolerance limit indicating device comprising a member 31 manually settable behind a slot 23 in the panel 17 to indicate a tolerance limit by the position of an edge of the member 31 relative to the scale 21 wherein the member 31 appears behind the full width of the slot over all the exposed length of the member 31. The device may include a second member 41 so that the two members 31, 41 may be set to define a tolerance range. The pointer 14, panel 17 and members 31, 41 may all be differently coloured readily to distinguish between readings of the pointer 14 in the various fields within and without the tolerance range. As shown the members 31, 41 are arcuate plates pivoted by radial arms 26, 27 coaxially with the pointer 14 and knobs on spindles 34, 44 facilitate setting through cranks 33, 43 linked to the arms 26, 27. For an instrument with a linear scale the parts 31, 41 may be coloured tapes of textile or metallic material wrapped round pulleys.
Patent GB-1149406-A (GB)
Title: Static electric converter
Inventor: HUDSON CHARLES STANLEY
IPC: H02M7/48
Filed: 1966-07-08
Abstract: 1,149,406. Inverting; control of A.C. motors. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP. 6 Oct., 1967 [8 July, 1966], No. 30744/66. Headings H2F and H2J. An inverter for converting D.C. to N-phase stepped sine waves comprises one or more transformers having n secondary windings WS 1  . . . WS 3 , a primary winding W 1  ... W 3  having n sets of coils, each set magnetically linked with a corresponding one of the secondary winding phases, cross-connections between said sets of coils to form a plurality of groups of coils each group including a coil from each set, and static switching means (such as thyristors S1 . . . S6) arranged to connect each of said groups sequentially across the D.C. supply. The number of turns of the coils in each primary group is so chosen that while each group will present substantially the same total impedance to the D.C. supply, the number of energized turns linked with each secondary winding phase vary sequentially in steps approximating to a sine wave. A single transformer may be used having an annular core similar to a gapless induction motor. Alternatively, a three-limbed core or three conventional single-phase transformers may be used. The cores should be of silicon steel, the flux density of which should be limited to 6000 gauss. There are preferably 18 steps per cycle, utilizing the ratio of turns a 1  . . . a 5  as 6 : 17 : 26 : 32 : 34. The eighteen thyristors S1 . . . S6 which switch the n sets of coils sequentially across the D.C. supply terminals T 1 , T 2  are triggered by a ring counter driven by an oscillator and are arranged in two groups, as shown, with commutating transistors MS1, MS2. Alternately the thyristors may be replaced by transistors, thyratrons or mercury arc rectifiers. The windings may be in star, delta or bridge connections. Capacitors C remove harmonics and provide magnetizing current. Frequency changing.-The inverter may be used to supply a three-phase induction motor from a rectified single-phase supply, the speed of the motor being varied by variation of the oscillator frequency. The transformer secondary winding may be a closed ring and the motor primary winding delta-connected so that by varying the connections between tapping points on the windings, a coarse speed control may be effected.
Patent GB-277204-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to time switches
IPC: G04F3/02
Filed: 1926-12-04
Abstract: 277,204. Kewley, F. E., and Buckley, C. A. M. Dec. 4, 1926. Clockwork actuation.-Rotation of a time-setting handle through a predetermined angle winds up a main spring e ; when the handle is released, a balance wheel of a clock train is positively started and the spring unwinds, driving the train till at the predetermined time it becomes disengaged from the train and operates a switch. The handle (not shown) drives a disc l connected by a pin l<1> and slot l<2> to an arm h<1> fixed to a shaft h connected to the free end of the spring e, a pawl h<2> on the arm h<1> slipping over the teeth of a ratchet wheel j during the setting operation. When the handle is released. the spring e returns the arm h', the pawl h<2> of which now engages and drives the wheel j which is connected to the clock train. At the predetermined time a pin h<3> disengages the pawl h<2> from the wlieel and an arm a<4> on the shaft h then move a contact a<1> into engagement with a fixed contact a. The device for starting the balance wheel d<1> comprises a friction arm m<1>, pivoted at m and connected to a wire helix m<2> adjacent turns of which grip the disc l. The clockwise rotation of the disc l during the setting operation moves the arm m<1> into the position shown in Fig. 5. When the handle and disc l are released, a spring k rotates the disc l in a reverse direction, taking up the lost motion provided by the pin l' and slot l<2> and the arm m<1> is thereby moved downwards, wiping against and starting the balance wheel spindle.
Patent GB-325790-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for the telegraphic transmission of visual representations
IPC: H04N3/04
Filed: 1928-10-24
Abstract: 325,790. Todd, L. P. Oct. 24, 1928. Television.-In scanning apparatus for television or copying-telegraphy, the light transmitted from, or incident on, the object or receiving screen, is decomposed into a series of spots moving in a straight line, for example by radial slots 10 in a rotating disc 9 crossing a fixed vertical slot 7, and the spots of light are traversed laterally by an endless series of lenses 12, for example in a rotating disc 11. The discs 9, 11 may be replaced by drums or travelling belts. For colour reproduction the successive lenses are coloured in the primary colours, yellow, blue, and red. Light-interrupters having parallel crossed wires and vibrated electromagnetically may be arranged between the scanning-mechanism and the object, or the object may be focussed on a ruled screen.
Patent GB-887346-A (GB)
Title: Linear polyester films and processes for their production
Inventor: BUTEUX RICHARD HAROLD BARCLAY
IPC: B29C55/02
Filed: 1959-09-09
Abstract: Voided or lacunose films are produced by drawing a film of a crystallizable linear polyester, particularly polyethylene terephthalate, which has not been completely oriented in the drawing direction, so that it necks down at a speed between 1 foot per minute and the speed which causes the film to break, the drawing being carried out in the drawing direction in a heated zone wherein the film is heated to a temperature below its second-order transition temperature, and the speed of drawing being sufficiently high and the temperature being so chosen as to lead to the production of voids, taking into account the crystallinity of the film and the applied draw ratio.  Voided or lacunose films are defined as films containing internal cavities running in the direction of drawing.  The draw ratio used must be equal to the natural draw ratio of the film at the drawing temperature and speed of haul-off of the film from the heated zone necessary to maintain the neck substantially stationary within the drawing zone.  The speed of haul-off or speed of drawing should preferably be at least 10 feet per minute.  The initial film preferably has a degree of crystallinity of less than 40% and especially less than 10%.  The natural draw ratio is defined as the draw ratio when the film is drawn through a spontaneously produced neck.  The degree of crystallinity is determined by the X-ray diffraction method. In the case of polyethylene terephthalate films, the temperature of the heated drawing zone when neck drawing according to the invention may usefully be in the range 20 DEG C. above the ambient temperature up to 70 DEG C., and the applied draw ratio (for initially undrawn film) will then vary between about 4:1 and about 5,75:1 depending on the temperature and the speed of draw used.  Under these conditions films having initially a low degree of orientation transverse to the direction of necking draw are rendered pearlescent or opalescent.  In order to produce translucent voided polyethylene terephthalate films, the quenched film may be biaxially drawn, either simultaneously or consecutively in two directions at right angles, preferably at a temperature around or above the second-order transition point such that extensive crystallization (e.g. to above 40% crystallinity) does not occur, e.g. in the range 70 DEG -100 DEG C., preferably 75 DEG -90 DEG C. The film may be drawn to an extent of at least 2:1, but less than that leading to complete orientation, conveniently to about 3:1 in each direction. The film is then neck drawn according to the invention. Alternatively, the quenched film may be drawn in one direction to about 3:1 to 4:1 at a temperature within the above ranges and then neck drawn according to the invention in the transverse direction. The films produced may be "heat shrunk" at 80 DEG -150 DEG C. while allowing them to shrink freely.