baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-999251-A (GB)
Title: The manufacture of spirilloxanthin
IPC: A23L1/275
Filed: 1963-05-30
Abstract: The invention comprises the phosphorus compounds triphenyl - [3,7 - dimethyl - 7 - methoxyoctadien - (2,4) - yl] - phosphonium halide, and triphenyl - [3,7 - dimethyl - 7 - methoxy - octen-(2)-yl-phosphonium halide on the one hand, and their conversion into spirilloxanthin, and also 1,11-dimethoxy-1,112,21-tetrahydro-lycopene as a novel intermediate in the latter conversion. The phosphonium halides are prepared by treating 6-methyl-heptan(5)one(2) with methanol in acidic medium to give 6 - methoxy - 6 - methyl-heptanone(2). To prepare the first-named phosphonium halide, the heptanone(2) is reacted with halo-acetic acid ethyl ester and Zn and the resulting 3-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-7-methoxy -octanoic - (1) - acid ethyl ester dehydrated to 3, 7 - dimethyl - 7 - methoxy - octanoic -(1)-acid ethyl ester.  By reaction with N-bromo, succinimide followed by dehydrobromination this is converted to 3,7-dimethyl-7-methoxy-octadien-(2,4)-oic-(1) acid ethyl ester which is then reduced to 3,7-dimethyl-7-methoxy octadien-(2,4)-ol(1). The novel phosphonium halide is then prepared by reaction with triphenyl phosphonium halide.  By reaction with crocetin dialdehyde and sodium methoxide, this halide is converted to spirilloxanthin.  To prepare the second-named phosphonium halide, the heptanone(2) prepared as above is condensed with sodium acetylide, giving 3-hydroxy - 3,7 - dimethyl - 7 - methoxy - octyne-(1), which is hydrogenated catalytically to 3-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-7-methoxy-octene(1); this is reacted with triphenyl phosphonium halide to form triphenyl-[3,7-dimethyl-7-methoxy - octen(2)-yl]phosphonium halide, i.e. the second above-named novel phosphorus compound.  In the case of this compound, spirilloxanthin is prepared by reaction of the compound with crocetin dialdehyde as before, but here, the third-named novel intermediate, 1,11-dimethoxy-1,11, 2,21-tetrahydrolycopene is first formed. This is reacted with N-bromo succinimide, and then dehydrobrominated to give spirilloxanthin.  Two examples are given, of the alternative stepwise preparations of spirilloxanthin; this substance is stated to be useful as a colouring agent for foodstuffs.  Specifications 999,252, 999,253, 999,254 and 999,255 are referred to.
Patent GB-531515-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to process and apparatus for bending glass sheets
IPC: C03B23/031
Filed: 1939-07-25
Abstract: 531,515. Bending glass sheets. STEVENS, A. H. (Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co.). July 25, 1939, No. 21584. [Class 56] A method of bending a glass sheet comprises applying pressure to its surface by a series of flexible members which force the sheet, when softened, to take up the desired curvature. The sheet 32, Fig. 2, is suspended by tongs 35 from a bar 30 having the curvature to which the sheet is to be bent. The sheet is embraced by two sets of wires 37, 38 which are fastened to the bar 30 and also pass through holes in a bar 31 that is curved similarly to the bar 30. The sheet displaces some of the wires, as shown in Fig. 5, and pressure is applied to the sheet by weights 39, 40 attached to the wires. The bars 30, 31 form part of a frame which runs in an overhead track through a suitable furnace by which the glass is softened. The pressure of the wires bends the sheet to the curvature of the bars 30, 31, and the bent sheet can be annealed or cooled as required. Springs may be used instead of weights to tension the wires. If desired, the wires may be arranged all on one side of the sheet with a fixed template on the other side, and in this case the wires may be horizontal. The wires may be replaced by bars or metal grids which are flexibly supported at their upper ends and are yieldingly forced towards one another by their own weight, or by weights or other suitable means applied to their lower ends.
Patent GB-1535868-A (GB)
Title: Internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber type piston
IPC: F02M25/07
Filed: 1976-05-25
Abstract: 1535868 Exhaust gas recirculation; IC engine combustion chambers NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 25 May 1976 [30 May 1975] 21605/76 Heading F1B An I.C. engine comprises a piston 18 having a depression 18d in its crown which forms at least three quarters of the volume of a combustion chamber 20 defined between the surface of the piston crown and a cylinder head 16 when the piston is at TDC, means 28 for recirculating engine exhaust gases being provided. The surface (16a) Fig. 3 (not shown) of the cylinder head bounding the combustion chamber 20 may be dished and form up to one quarter of the combustion chamber's volume. The combustion chamber 20 may have two spark-plugs 30a, 30b or an auxiliary combustion chamber (32) Fig. 4 (not shown) may be provided. The maximum exhaust gas recirculation rate is in the range 5% to 30% by volume of the intake air.
Patent GB-142162-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of toothed bevel gear wheels or crown wheels
IPC: B23F17/00
Filed: 1918-12-24
Abstract: 142,162. Opperman, O. R. Dec. 24, 1918. Toothed wheels. - Light bevel or crown gears of the type used with speedometers are made from flat circular blanks c by cutting the teeth a, thinning or grooving the disk at b and bending the teeth up at the desired angle.
Patent GB-728156-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to high voltage switching installations
IPC: H02B11/20
Filed: 1952-08-28
Abstract: 728,156. Two-part couplings. SOUTH WALES SWITCHGEAR, Ltd., NICHOLAS, A. J., and BUTTREY, R. N. July 22, 1953 [Aug. 28, 1952], No. 21689/52. Class 38 (1). [Also in Group XXXVII] In a switchgear structure (see Group XXXVII) having fixed isolating contacts 17 and movable socket contacts carried by splayed-apart bushings on a circuitbreaker, each movable socket contact comprises a heptagonal base 40 upon which seven contact segments 41 are individually supported by resilient laminated connecting straps 42. Each segment has a recess 44 housing a compression spring 45 which abuts a ring 46 encircling the contact segments. The base 40 has a downwardly-extending portion 47 with an inclined bore 48 to receive the connector of a bushing, the portion 47 being slotted and provided with a clamping bolt 50.
Patent GB-405320-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in method of and apparatus for cutting laminated material
IPC: B26D7/06
Filed: 1932-08-03
Abstract: 405,320. Cutting laminated material. JENKINS CO., G. O., Bridgwater, Massachusetts, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Lyon, H. ; 271 Warren Avenue, Brockton, Massachusetts, U.S.A.) Aug. 3, 1932, No. 21777. Convention date, Dec. 3, 1931. [Class 31 (i).] In a machine for cutting into slabs laminated material 25 held on a slotted carriage 6 by independent spring-urged presser fingers 30, the material is traversed by a lead screw 7 under a driven stationary shaft 16 carrying singletooth cutting blades 22, Fig. 7. The cutters, which may be of tungsten carbide, are arranged to enter the material nearly perpendicular to the plane of lamination and to leave it nearly parallel to this plane to prevent bending of the material.
Patent GB-1498670-A (GB)
Title: Roll-forming machine for making articles having varying cross sectional configurations
IPC: B21D5/08
Filed: 1975-05-21
Abstract: 1498670 Roll forming machines D L COLBATH 21 May 1975 [28 May 1974] 21822/75 Heading B3E A roll-forming machine, which can form strip into a curved workpiece 200, Fig. 5, whose width varies along its length, is provided with a rigid spine 22, Fig. 1, supporting a number of die stands 24. Each stand has a pair of plates 34, 36 which carry forming rollers and which are moved transversely towards or away from each other during a forming operation. A guide stand 26 having two pairs of strip guiding rollers is located upstream of the stands 24. The plates 34, 36 of all the stands can be moved transversely by a common driving shaft 46 rotated by a motor 56. The shaft 46 can also be coupled to the guiding rollers of stand 26 to move them transversely. The two plates 34, 36 of a typical stand, Fig. 7, are shifted laterally by screws 30, 32 when a trip switch 180 detects the presence of a workpiece 200. The switch causes the screws to be clutched to the driving shaft 46. After the forming operation, the plates are moved to their initial positions by a further motor 192, which is automatically stopped by operation of a limit switch 196. The forming rollers may all be secured to the plates for lateral movement with the plates, or some of the rollers, Fig. 7, may be mounted on separate plates 220 which are indexable by motors 248 relative to the plates 34, 36.
Patent GB-381641-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rotors for dynamo-electric machines
IPC: H02K1/28
Filed: 1931-07-31
Abstract: 381,641. Cores for dynamo-electric machines. AKT.-GES. BROWN, BOVERI, ET CIE, Baden, Switzerland. July 31, 1931, No. 21878. Convention date, Aug. 4, 1930. [Class 35.] A rotor for a highpower machine comprises disc - shaped forgings mounted side by side on a shaft and held between end discs also mounted on the shaft, the discs being pressed together by shrinking the shaft in the axial direction. In the form shown, the discs b are compressed between end rings c<1>, c<2> screwed on the shaft a and flanges d<1>, d<2> carrying stub shafts are secured to the end discs. Alternatively, the stub shafts may form part of the end discs or the shaft on which the discs bare mounted may be extended to form the rotor shaft. The discs are held together by axial shrinking and for this purpose the shaft a may be made hollow and be heated from within while the end discs are being fitted. As an alternative to screwing, the end discs may be shrunk on the shaft.
Patent GB-1030647-A (GB)
Title: Saw
IPC: B23D61/02
Filed: 1964-05-28
Abstract: 1,030,647. Sawing. G. GRASSMAN. ,May 28, 1964 [May 28, 1963], No. 22099/64. Heading B5L. A saw has some teeth 4 widened by a displacement of the material and the consequent forming of notches 5 in those teeth. The saw, which may be circular and used as a hot saw, may have the widened teeth alternating with raker teeth 6, Fig. 2 (not shown), of the same width as the blade of the saw, or a plurality of raker teeth may be provided between two widened teeth, or a plurality of widened teeth 4 may be provided between two raker teeth.
Patent GB-1254637-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to oil scraping rings having a coiled spring expander
Inventor: SUGAHARA EISUKE
IPC: F16J9/06
Filed: 1969-04-30
Abstract: 1,254,637. Piston rings. NIPPON PISTON RING K.K. 30 April, 1969, No. 22131/69. Heading F2T.  In a piston ring assembly comprising an oil scraper ring 1 provided with a peripheral oil groove and circumferentially spaced oil drainage passages 11 and urged radially outwards by a coil spring expander 2 located in a groove 15 in the inner periphery of the ring 1, the working surface 3 of the ring 1 and the external surface of the expander 2 are each coated with a layer 3<SP>1</SP>, 2<SP>1</SP> of chromium in turn coated with a layer 16, 17 of a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin, e.g. P.T.F.E., the groove 15 is coated with a layer 15<SP>1</SP> of chromium and the walls 12-14 of the oil groove and drainage passages are coated with a layer 16 of said thermoplastic or thermosetting resin.
Patent GB-495137-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic focal plane shutters
IPC: G03B9/08
Filed: 1937-08-12
Abstract: 495,137. Photographic focal - plane shutters. ZEISS IKON AKT.-GES. Aug. 12, 1937, No. 22198. Convention date, Aug. 12, 1936. [Class 98 (i)] The non-uniformity of exposure by a focal plane shutter due to accelerated running down of the curtains is compensated by having the light limiting edge of the first curtain at a greater distance from the picture plane than the edge of the second curtain. The slit 2 of the shutter 1 is formed by borders 6, 7 with inclined cut-off surfaces 10, 11. The light limiting edge of the leader curtain 7 is at a greater distance from the film 5 than that of the curtain 6. In a modification, not shown, the curtain border 7 has the shape of a U with unequal legs, and receives therein the edge of the other curtain 6.
Patent GB-589916-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to change speed gearing for lathes
IPC: B23Q5/14
Filed: 1944-12-13
Abstract: 589,916. Change-speed gearing. ROLLO, J. M. Dec. 13, 1944, No. 22284. [Class 80 (ii)] [Also in Group XXII] Change-speed gearing, to replace the usual pick-off gears in the drive of a lathe lead-screw, comprises driving and driven shafts A<1>, J<1>, connected by a pair of parallel intermediate shafts B', D<1>, one, B', of which carries a stepped cone of gears C (one only shown) to be selectively engaged by the idler F of a Norton tumblerpair E, F, slidably pivoted on the other shaft D', both shafts B<1>, D<1>, being simultaneously slidable axially in bpposite directions to change the mesh of end-wheels giving inch and metric ratios respectively. The gear is driven through a five-speed gear of the kind described in Specification 545,850, and the range is sufficient for cutting Whitworth, B.S.P., metric and B.A. threads. In the inch-ratio position shown, drive passes from the input shaft A<1>, through wheel A, idler A<3>, wheel D, fast on shaft D<1> shaft D<1> tumbler-pair E, F, stepped cone-gear C, shaft B<1>, and wheel-pair H, J to the driven shaft J'. Turning a handle O anticlockwise, acts through a pinion Q and circumferentially-toothed rackcollars R, S, to slide the shaft B' to the left and D' to the right, thereby disconnecting wheels A<3>, D and HJ, engaging an input shaft claw-clutch A<2>, B and meshing a wheel G on the shaft D<1> with an output-shaft wheel K, so that drive now passes from the input-shaft A<1>, clutch A<2>, B, shaft B<1>, stepped cone C, Norton tumbler F, E, shaft D' and wheel-pair G, K to the driven shaft J<1> the pair G, K giving the required metricratio modification. In order to permit the use of wheels C which are 3/5 of the normal size, the final lead-screw shaft N is driven from the driven shaft J' through a step-up pair LM of 5/3 ratio which is always effective. In metric working, the stepped cone of wheels C is the driving member so that the pair LM alone compensates for the 3/5 reduction of the cone wheels C; whereas in inch working, the conewheel C is the driven member, but the inputwheels A, D provide an initial reduction of 9/25 so that compensation is provided in both cases.
Patent GB-424263-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for working steeply-inclined seams in coal mines
IPC: B65G69/16
Filed: 1933-08-11
Abstract: 424,263. Conveying from working- face; endless-belt conveyers. MOND, A. L., 19, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London.-(Gewerkschaft Eisenh³tte Westfalia; L³nen - on - Lippe, Westphalia, Germany) Aug. 11, 1933, No. 22443. [Classes 78 (i) and 78 (iv)] In working steeply inclined seams of coal, especially those with a dip exceeding the angle of repose of the material removed, a conveyer belt with pivoted flaps constituting buckets facing the seam is arranged in a casing provided with a charging slit or apertures whereby coal &c. from loaders working at different positions 1, 2, 3 along the inclined seam can be conveyed without breakage along the floor of the dip to wagons in a road at the bottom. The pivoted flaps 4 close towards the belt as they are carried up the dip and open as they descend. The conveyer casing may have the changing slit or apertures on top or at the seam side, and the slit may be provided with adjustable covers 25 secured to the casing 24 by chains 26 and flared at the end 28 to facilitate changing. Steps 27 may be provided on the covers.
Patent GB-677866-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for attaching handles to tools or implements and other articles
IPC: B25G3/30
Filed: 1950-09-12
Abstract: 677,866. Handle fixings. MARGAN, C. D. Sept. 12, 1950 [Sept. 26, 1949], No. 22444/50. Class 61 (i). A handle 12 is attached to an implement, e.g. a holder for cloths 9, by screw-threaded engagement with a stem 10 projection through a hole in a clip 8 from a rod 11, the cloths being gripped between the clip and the rod on tightening the handle.
Patent GB-295042-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in band splicing machines
Filed: 1928-08-02
Abstract: 295,042. Firestone Tyre & Rubber Co. (1922), Ltd., (Assignees of Nichols G. B., and Russell, R. F.). Aug. 6, 1927, [Convention date] Presses, mechanical. -A press for splicing rubber, leather, &c., bands of uneven contour, such as the treads of pneumatic tyres, comprises a pair of relatively movable platens both of which are adapted to yield to distribute the pressure evenly over the surface of the bands. The lower fixed platen 16, Fig. 2, is mounted on a bracket 14 on an upright 10 to which a bell-crank 18 carrying the movable platen 17 is pivoted. The bellcrank 18 is connected to the piston of a pressure cylinder 22. As shown, both of the platens are adapted to yield, and comprise a rubber backing 25, Fig. 6, and a number of plates 26 placed side by side and threaded loosely on rods 27 so that their operative edges form continuous yielding surfaces. The operative surface of the upper plates may be concave, as shown at 33. to allow for the increased thickness of material.
Patent GB-284161-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to clamps for printing plates
IPC: B41F27/10
Filed: 1927-08-26
Abstract: 284,161. Hoe & Co., Ltd., R., (Hoe & Co., Inc., R.). Aug. 26, 1927. Printing-surfaces. - A printing-plate clamp is provided with clamping-surfaces offset with respect to each other a distance equal, for example, to the width of a column, the clamp being adapted to be rotated to bring either clamping- surface into operative position. As shown, the clamp 5 is substantially triangular in crosssection, and is provided with clamping-surfaces 7, 10 on two of its sides. The clamping-surfaces are adjacent opposite edges of the clamp so that the clamp can be used to clamp plates of different widths, in place. The third side of the clamp is plain so that a double-width plate can be secured to the support 4 in place of two singlewidth plates 1, 2. The clamp is rotatable on a rod 16 carried in a block 14 secured by screws 19 in the support 4, the block being shaped to permit the rotation of the clamp. The block is provided with a face-plate 15 secured in place by screws 28. Spring-pressed plungers 20 with rounded ends are mounted in the plate 15 and are adapted to engage in depressions formed in the face of the clamp to prevent accidental displacement. An aperture 27 is formed in each face of the clamp for the insertion of a, tool to facilitate turning the clamp. In order to enable the inner plate 2 to be removed without manipulation of the outer clamp, the inner edge of the plate is clamped by a clip 32 on a screwthreaded rod 34, the rod 34 being turned by means of a gear 35 normally held in adjusted position by a spring-pressed ball 37.
Patent GB-660960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the preservation of oyster shells
IPC: A23B4/10
Filed: 1949-08-30
Abstract: 660,960. Lacquered oyster shells. NEDERLANDSE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPASTNATUURWETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK TEN BEHOEVE VAN DE VOEDING. Aug. 30, 1949 [Sept. 16, 1948], No. 22538/49. Class 49. Oyster shells, after being cleaned and dried, are coated with a thin layer of colourless and odourless resin or lacquer, e.g. a low-viscosity amyl acetate solution of nitrocellulose is applied to the shells and the solvent allowed to volatilize. Shells so treated do not acquire a musty odour and retain their lustre; they may be used several times for serving defrosted frozen oysters.
Patent GB-1147784-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to friction clutches
Inventor: DODWELL JOHN MAGOR
IPC: F16D41/20
Filed: 1966-05-20
Abstract: 1,147,784. Band brakes; ratchet clutches. J. M. DODWELL. 20 May, 1966, No. 22692/66. Headings F2C and F2E. [Also in Division B3] A one-way friction clutch or brake comprises a series of thin spring metal strips or bands which are each tapered in width along the length of the band and curved to provide a pair of side edges for engagement with the side walls of a V-groove in a pulley member 10, and anchor means 11a provided on the band to locate the band in pockets 15a in the housing portion 15. The edge of the band may be bevelled so that at the radially outermost portion of the band is positioned away from the pulley wall to thereby provide a dirt or metal accumulation space. Prior to curling and spring tempering of the band, the latter is coined. In an alternative embodiment (Fig. 6, not shown) the edge of the band may have a reverse bevel.
Patent GB-281416-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to apparatus for the softening of water
IPC: C02F1/42
Filed: 1926-09-15
Abstract: 281,416. United Water Softeners, Ltd., and Higgins, E. B. Sept. 15, 1926. Purifying liquids.-In softening water by baseexchange the treatment vessel is filled almost to the top with the base-exchange material, a small space only being left into which the material is raised by upward flow of untreated water just prior to regeneration, this water passing on to a vessel in which regenerating-salt is placed and which has a short and direct connection with the top of the treatment vessel, so that a relatively concentrated solution can be introduced directly to the bed of base-exchange material. The container 1 is filled with softening material to the level 11. During softening, water passes from the hard water main 5 through the pipes 6, 7, and valve 9 to a distributor above the bed, the softened water passing away through a collector 14, pipe 8, valve 17 and pipe 16 to the soft water main 18. Salt is placed in a funnel 2 connected to the container 1 by a short pipe with a valve 4. For regeneration, water from the main 5 is passed through a valve 12 and down the pipe 8 to rise up through the bed and into the funnel 2. The solution made in the funnel passes down through the bed and is discharged through a tap 21. It is followed by rinsing water from the main 5. The tap 21 is adjusted so that water passing therefrom into a funnel 23 is just carried away through an outlet 24, so that an overflow 25 is not normally brought into use. When back-washing is necessary, hard water is admitted to the bottom of the container, the valve 4 being opened and the valve 12 adjusted so that the water rises in the funnel 2 to an aperture 22 in an overflow pipe 30.
Patent GB-676888-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for use in the production of plate gauges or other plate-like elements having a predetermined edge contour
Inventor: LEGG GEORGE CHARLES JAMES
IPC: B25H7/02
Filed: 1949-09-02
Abstract: 676,888. Optical - projection apparatus. NAPIER & SON, Ltd., D. Aug. 23, 1950 [Sept. 2, 1949], No. 22817/49. Class 97 (i). [Also in Groups XIX, XXII and XXIII] Apparatus for projecting the magnified image of a plate-blank D on to a drawing of the required finished contour of the blank to an enlarged scale so that the image may be compared continuously with the desired contour while the blank is being shaped, comprises a support C for the blank, a support G for the drawing, and an episcopic projection apparatus including means for highly illuminating one side of the blank and an optical system positioned on the same side of the support C as the illuminating means for projecting the image on to the drawing. The blank D is preferably contained in a housing A having an access aperture B<SP>1</SP> for the shaping tool and a horizontal viewing panel F<SP>1</SP>. Mercury-vapour discharge lamps H, Fig. 2, cooled by one or more ventilating fans Q preferably circulating air through ducts, illuminate the blank D. Light rays reflected from the blank pass through a lens J having a focusing means, and then preferably on to mirrors M, N, P before being turned by mirrors K, L or the equivalent on to the back of the transparent support G for the drawing which acts as a translucent screen. The mirrors are of the type which reflect from the front surface, and preferably the mirror N is movable horizontally to vary the scale of the image.