Patent GB-1299770-A (GB)
Title: A process for the production of modified anionic emulsion polymers
Inventor: HONIG HANS LUDWIG
IPC: C08F2/22
Filed: 1970-10-16
Abstract: 1299770 Modified anionic emulsion polymers FABBENFABRIKEN BAYER AG 16 Oct 1970 [23 Oct 1969] 49313/70 Headings C3G and C3R A process for the production of stable aqueous polymer dispersions comprises subjecting at least one monomer having a polymerizable olefinic double bond to radical emulsion polymerization in the presence of a stable aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane containing anionic groups and having an average molecular weight in excess of 20,000. The anionic polyurethane dispersion may be emulsifier-free and preferably contains sulphonate, carboxylate, sulphate or phosphonate groups. The dispersion is preferably prepared by reacting a preadduct containing isocyanate groups with an anionic component in solution in an organic solvent, adding water, and distilling off the organic solvent. The anionic component may be an alkali metal of an amino acid or 1 : 1 adducts of sultones with diamines. The grafting monomer may be an α,#-unsaturated carboxylic acid or an ester, amide, imide, substituted amide or nitrile thereof, a vinyl ester, ether, ketone or amide, an aromatic or heterocyclic vinyl compound, a vinylidene compound, a divinyl compound, a monoolefin, a conjugated diolefin or an allyl compound. The polymerization is preferably carried out in the presence of a catalyst comprising an organic or inorganic peroxidic compound, in an amount 0À01-5% by weight, optionally together with a reducing agent. The reaction is preferably carried out at 0-150‹ C., more preferably at 30-100‹ C. Anionic emulsifiers or non-ionic emulsifiers may be added to the mixture, preferably in an amount up to 20% by weight. It is preferred to use from 5 to 95% by weight of anionic polyurethane to from 95 to 5% by weight of the monomers. The polyurethane dispersions usually have a solids content of 5 to 60% by weight. Specific polyurethane dispersions used are based on (I) the reaction product of adipic acid-hexane diolneopentyl glycol polyester and 1,6-hexane diisocyanate and (II) a pre-adduct of polypropylene glycol ether and tolylene diisocyanate reacted with neopentyl glycol, to which both are added, after dissolution in water, ethylene diamine, 1,3-propane sultone and an aqueous solution of a caustic base are added, followed by the addition of water and then the distillation of the acetone. The specific examples refer to the following anionic polyurethane dispersion and monomer(s): (1) (I) and butyl acrylate; (2) (I) and ethyl acrylate; (3) (II) and butyl acrylate; (4) and (5) (I) and vinyl acetate; (6) (I) and a mixture of butyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, chloromethyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid; (7) (I) and a mixture of butyl acrylate, butadiene, styrene and N-(methacrylamidomethyl) carbamic acid ethyl ester and acrylamide; (8) (I) and a mixture of butyl acrylate, acrylonitrile and dichlorotriazinyl aminoethyl methacrylate; (9) (I) and a mixture of ethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate and acrylic acid; and (10) (II) and a mixture of butyl acrylate and butane diol dimethacrylate. Copending Specification 1,299,769 refers to the production of stable aqueous polymer dispersions based on cationic polyurethanes.