Patent GB-388861-A (GB)
Title: Process of dyeing or colouring organic materials
IPC: B63G8/04
Filed: 1931-11-03
Abstract: Liquid or fusible organic materials are coloured by incorporating in the liquid or molten organic material, with the aid of a phosphatide as a solvent assistant, a dyestuff which is per se insoluble or insufficiently soluble in the organic material.  Besides higher fatty acids other liquid or fusible organic materials may be coloured, such as hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives, alcohols, ketones, esters, fats, oils, lacquers of all kinds, oil emulsions for leather treatment, polishing waxes, resins, cellulose derivatives, articles of food, pharmaceutical products and cosmetics.  The dyed liquids or pastes show much less tendency to separate even in presence of small quantities of water, and particularly suitable as phosphatides are the "Textile lecithins" of commerce.  Dyestuffs include water-soluble salts of basic dyes, dyestuff acids and their salts, sparingly soluble organic pigments such as aminoanthraquinones, acid mordant dyes particularly in the form of their lakes, complex compounds of basic dyes with heteropoly acids, and vat-dyes.  The dye may be dissolved in the cold or hot lecithin and thus incorporated in the organic material, or the phosphatide may be first added to the organic material; when mordant dyes are employed a fatty acid or naphthenic acid salt of a metal may be added during or after the dissolution of the dye to produce a lake in the organic material; such lake-formation may constitute an after-treatment of the final product for the production of a film from the coloured solution.  The solubility and depth of colour may be improved particularly when alizarin mordant dyes are employed, by the addition of amines soluble in oil such as triethylolamine-monooleate; in certain cases the combination of a phosphatide and a base soluble in oil is necessary to obtain solubility.  In examples (1) kiton fast yellow 3G is dissolved in Textile lecithin and an oil varnish coloured with the solution; (2) Patent Blue V dissolved in Textile lecithin is used for colouring a stearin-ceresin wax for candles a greenish-blue; (3) Acid Red XB in lecithin is used for making a coloured oil emulsion for leathertreatment; (4) Alizarine vividine FF powder is dissolved in Textile lecithin and the solution mixed with a composite wax; addition of chromium naphthenate deepens the colour, for example a stearin-ceresin candle wax is coloured Russian green; (5) Alizarin Maroon W powder dissolved in Textile lecithin is used for colouring an oil varnish diluted with toluene; addition of aluminium oleate or chromium naphthenate intensifies the colouring; (6) a cellulose ether lacquer is coloured yellowish green by Fanal green LB dissolved in hot lecithin; thus ethyl cellulose in tolueneethanol when so treated gives a uniform green film; (7) molten stearic acid is mixed with lecithin and the azo-dye from 3 : 5-dichloro-2-amino-1-oxybenzene and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone added; the green-yellow changes to reddish-yellow on adding aluminium chloride; (8) Alizarine RG and triethylolamine-monooleate are dissolved in Textile lecithin and the solution added to a cellulose laurate varnish in toluene; the tint is modified by adding a salt of aluminium, copper, iron or nickel; (9) the dyestuffs of (2), (4) and (6) dissolved in Textile lecithin, may be incorporated with fatty acid esters or benzene hydrocarbons, such as linseed oil or paraffin oil to produce uniformly coloured products.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 relates to colouring organic materials with dyes which are insoluble or insufficiently soluble in the material to be dyed, with aid of lecithin or like compound as a solvent, but this subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Liquid or fusible organic materials are coloured by incorporating in the liquid or molten organic material, with the aid of a phosphatide as a solvent assistant, a dyestuff which is per se insoluble or insufficiently soluble in the organic material.  Besides higher fatty acids, other liquid or fusible organic materials may be coloured, such as hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives, alcohols, ketones, esters, fats, oils, lacquers of all kinds, oil emulsions for leather treatment, polishing waxes, resins, and cosmetics.  The dyed liquids or pastes show much less tendency to separate even in presence of small quantities of water, and particularly suitable as phosphatides are the "Textile lecithins" of commerce.  Dyestuffs include water-soluble salts of basic dyes, dyestuff acids and their salts, sparingly soluble organic pigments such as aminoanthraquinones, acid mordant dyes particularly in the form of their lakes, complex compounds of basic dyes with heteropoly acids, and vat-dyes.  The dye may be dissolved in the cold or hot lecithin and then incorporated in the organic material, or the phosphatide may be first added to the organic material; when mordant dyes are employed a fatty acid or naphthenic acid salt of a metal may be added during or after the dissolution of the dye to produce a lake in the organic material; such lake-formation may constitute an after-treatment of the final product for the production of a film from the coloured solution.  The solubility and depth of colour may be improved particularly when alizarin mordant dyes are employed, by the addition of amines soluble in oil such as triethylolamine-monooleate; in certain cases the combination of a phosphatide and a base soluble in oil is necessary to obtain solubility.  In examples (1) Kiton fast yellow 3G is dissolved in Textile lecithin and an oil varnish coloured with the solution; (2) Patent Blue V dissolved in Textile lecithin is used for colouring a stearinceresin wax for candles a greenish-blue; (3) Acid Red XB in lecithin is used for making a coloured oil emulsion for leather treatment; (4) Alizarine viridine FF powder is dissolved in Textile lecithin and the solution mixed with a composite wax; addition of chromium naphthenate deepens the colour, for example a stearin-ceresin candle wax is coloured Russian green; (5) Alizarin Maroon W powder dissolved in Textile lecithin is used for colouring an oil varnish diluted with toluene; addition of aluminium oleate or chromium naphthenate intensifies the colouring; (6) a cellulose ether lacquer is coloured yellowish green by Faval Green LB dissolved in hot lecithin; thus ethyl cellulose in toluene-ethanol when so treated gives a uniform green film; (7) molten stearic acid is mixed with lecithin and the azo-dye from 3 : 5-dichloro-2-amino-1-oxybenzene and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone added; the green-yellow changes to reddish-yellow on adding Aluminium chloride; (8) Alizarine RG and triethylolamine-monooleate are dissolved in Textile lecithin and the solution added to a cellulose laurate varnish in toluene; the tint is modified by adding a salt of aluminium, copper, iron or nickel; (9) the dyestuffs of (2), (4) and (6) dissolved in Textile lecithin may be incorporated with fatty acid esters or benzene hydrocarbons, such as linseed oil or paraffin oil to produce uniformly coloured products.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 relates to colouring organic materials with dyes which are insoluble or insufficiently soluble in the material to be dyed, with aid of lecithin or like compound as a solvent, but this subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Liquid or fusible organic materials are coloured by incorporating in the liquid or molten organic material, with the aid of a phosphatide as a solvent assistant, a dyestuff which is per se insoluble or insufficiently soluble in the organic material.  Besides higher fatty acids other liquid or fusible organic materials may be coloured, such as hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives, alcohols, ketones, esters, fats, oils, articles of food, pharmaceutical products and medicinal preparations.  The dyed liquids or pastes show much less tendency to separate even in presence of small quantities of water, and particularly suitable as phosphatides are the "Textile lecithins" of commerce.  Dyestuffs include water-soluble salts of basic dyes, dyestuff acids and their salts, sparingly soluble organic pigments such as aminoanthraquinones, acid mordant dyes particularly in the form of their lakes, complex compounds of basic dyes with heteropoly acids, and vat-dyes.  The dye may be dissolved in the cold or hot lecithin and thus incorporated in the organic material, or the phosphatide may be first added to the organic material; when mordant dyes are employed a fatty acid or naphthenic acid salt of a metal may be added during or after the dissolution of the dye to produce a lake in the organic material; such lake-formation may constitute an after-treatment of the final product for the production of a film from the coloured solution. The solubility and depth of colour may be improved particularly when alizarin mordant dyes are employed by the addition of amines soluble in oil such as triethylolamine-monooleate; in certain cases the combination of a phosphatide and a base soluble in oil is necessary to obtain solubility.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 relates to colouring organic materials with dyes which are insoluble or insufficiently soluble in the material to be dyed, with aid of lecithin or like compound as a solvent, but this subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.