baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20090064388-A (KR)
Title: Video information processing system with selective chroma deblock filtering
Inventor: HE ZHONGLI
IPC: H04N7/24
Filed: 2007-06-19
Abstract: A video information processing system including a processing circuit (603) and a deblocking filter (131). The processing circuit provides video information (UI) including a chroma component and a luma component. The deblocking filter (131) has an input receiving the video information and an output providing filtered video information (FI), and is configured to selectively disable chroma deblock filtering while luma deblock filtering is enabled. The processing circuit (603) may include a video encoder (100) or a video decoder (200). The processing circuit may further include control logic (135) providing a control signal to disable chroma deblock filtering within either or both the encoder and decoder. The video encoder may incorporate control information in the output bitstream to control deblock filtering in the downstream decoder to maintain consistency between the encoder and the decoder.
Patent KR-20090075682-A (KR)
Title: Method for withdrawing heat from components of a fluid pump
Inventor: COLIC RAJKO
IPC: F04D13/06
Filed: 2008-06-27
Abstract: The housing (1) of a fluid pump comprises a suction side (S) that is provided with a supply (Z) for the flowing medium and a pressure side (D) that is provided to withdraw the flowing medium. The suction side (S) and the pressure side (D) are fludically separated from each other by an actuatable running wheel (4). According to said method, one part of the flowing medium branches off in the region of the flow cross-section (II) of the pressure side (D) and is guided through at least one channel (2) to the components (3). Said channel (2) is thermally connected to said components (3). In the region of the components (3), the flowing medium is at least partially evaporated, and the heat is withdrawn from the components (3) by means of evaporation cooling. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method, and to the use of said device as a cooling device for withdrawing heat from components (3) of a cool water pump in a motor vehicle.
Patent KR-20090088861-A (KR)
Title: Flow rate ratio control device
Inventor: YAMAGUCHI YUJI
IPC: G05D11/00
Filed: 2007-12-11
Abstract: A flow rate ratio control device having a main channel (RM), branch channels (R1, R2) branched from the end of the main channel (RM), control valves (31, 32) respectively provided in the branch channels (R1, R2), flow rate measurement means for measuring the flow rate of the main channel (RM) and the flow rate of each of the branch channels (R1, R2), a valve control section (5) for controlling the one control valve (31) provided in one branch channel (R2) so that the pressure on the upstream side of the control valve (31) is a given target pressure and, only when the upstream-side pressure is near or not less than the target pressure, starting control of the other control valve (32) so that the flow rate ratios of the branch channels (R1, R2) are predetermined ratios, and a target pressure setting section (6) for setting the target pressure such that the lower the flow rate of the main channel (RM), the lower the target pressure. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009
Patent KR-20090074061-A (KR)
Title: Semiconductor ceramic composition and method for producing the same
Inventor: SHIMADA TAKESHI
IPC: H01C7/02
Filed: 2007-10-26
Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor ceramic composition containing no Pb, wherein the Curie temperature is shifted to the positive direction and high jump characteristics are obtained while suppressing increase in room temperature resistivity to the minimum. Specifically disclosed is a semiconductor ceramic composition obtained by sintering a calcinated powder mixture of a BT calcinated powder composed of a (BaR)TiO3 calcinated powder or a Ba(TiM)O3 calcinated powder (wherein R and M are semiconductorizing elements) and a BNT calcinated powder composed of (BiNa)TiO3 calcinated powder, wherein a part of Ba in BaTiO3 is substituted by Bi-Na. The semiconductor ceramic composition is obtained by adding BaCO3 and/or TiO2 into the BT calcinated powder, the BNT calcinated powder or a mixture of them.
Patent KR-20090084878-A (KR)
Title: Underlay sheet and method for manufacture thereof
Inventor: WIEMERS HELMUT
IPC: B32B27/08
Filed: 2007-10-31
Abstract: The invention relates to an underlay sheet and to a method for the manufacture thereof. In accordance with the invention, the underlay sheet is substantially a uniform structure, comprising two layers connected to each other, the first and upper layer (3) being a film layer, and the second and lower layer (2) being a sub-layer substantially formed of one material and comprising a plate-like part and projections (5) arranged on the lower surface of the plate-like part at a distance from each other and in accordance with a predetermined pattern, such that grooves for the air flow are formed between the projections. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009
Patent KR-20090080534-A (KR)
Title: Dental implant
Inventor: DOSTA ANATOLI DMITRIEVICH
IPC: A61C8/00
Filed: 2007-10-01
Abstract: The invention relates to dentistry, in particular to a group of dental implants used for two-stage implantation into the alveolar bone. Said invention makes it possible to create the conditions for successful ingrowth of bone and soft tissues into the implant obtainable by the best ingrowth of the bone tissue into the internal porous structure and the soft tissue ingrowth into a surface porous three-dimensional structure in the area of the alveolar bone. The inventive cylindrical implant, the base of which is made of titanium, comprises a cavity for the porous structure and a channel for injecting medicinal preparations, wherein the base is embodied in the form of an external thread-shaped spiral which is fastened to three longitudinal reinforcing ribs arranged inside the spiral together with the porous structure, the pore size of which ranges from 150 to 300 mkm.
Patent KR-20090095576-A (KR)
Title: Optical film and polarizer and liquid-crystal display each employing the same
Inventor: SUZUKI TAKATUGU
IPC: G02F1/1335
Filed: 2007-10-16
Abstract: An optical film which is free from film web deformation failures such as ridge failures and protrusion failures, has high flatness and high suitability for saponification, and is reduced in curling and retardation fluctuation; and a polarizer having satisfactory durability over long and a liquid-crystal display having a high contrast which both employ the optical film. The optical film is a film obtained by thermally melting a film-forming material comprising at least one plasticizer and a cellulose ester and forming the melt into a film by melt casting. It is characterized in that the cellulose ester used satisfies all of the following requirements (1) to (4) concerning the kinds of substituents and the degrees of substitution with these. Relationship (1) 1.25<=X<=1.43 Relationship (2) 1.15<=Y<=1.33 Relationship (3) 2.40<=X+Y<2.75 Relationship (4)-0.05<=X-Y<0.20 [X represents the degree of substitution with acetyl and Y represents the degree of substitution with propionyl].
Patent KR-20090089399-A (KR)
Title: An integrated circuit package and a method for dissipating heat in an integrated circuit package
Inventor: CHUA KOK HUA SIMON
IPC: H01L23/12
Filed: 2006-12-12
Abstract: An IC package that is suitable for surface mounting arrangements includes a heat spreader device that is coupled to a bottom portion of the package below the IC die. Coupling the heat spreader device to the bottom portion of the package reduces or eliminates the possibility that placement of the heat spreader device will result in the molding compound bleeding on top of the heat spreader device, and delamination at the footings of the heat spreader device that can cause the package to delaminate, or ''popcorn''. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009
Patent KR-20090096458-A (KR)
Title: Adhesive composition for optical waveguide, adhesive film for optical waveguide and adhesive sheet for optical waveguide each using the same, and optical device using any of them
Inventor: SHIBATA TOMOAKI
IPC: C09J7/35
Filed: 2008-03-13
Abstract: Disclosed is an adhesive composition for optical waveguides, which contains an epoxy resin (a), a curing agent (b) and a polymer compound (c). This adhesive composition for optical waveguides has both transparency and heat resistance, and a cured product of this adhesive composition has a total light transmittance of not less than 80% and a light transmittance at a wavelength of 700-1600 nm of not less than 80%. Also disclosed are an adhesive film for optical waveguides, which is obtained by forming the adhesive composition into a film shape; an adhesive sheet for optical waveguides, which is composed of the adhesive composition and a supporting base; and an optical device which is produced by using any of the adhesive composition, the adhesive film and the adhesive sheet.
Patent KR-20090096460-A (KR)
Title: Ultrasonic inspection equipment
Inventor: TAKEISHI MASAYUKI
IPC: G01N29/00
Filed: 2008-01-24
Abstract: Ultrasonic inspection equipment which is made compact by using laser light while preventing deterioration or deformation of a specimen and can perform good inspection over a wide range. The ultrasonic inspection equipment (1) comprises a laser device (5) emitting laser light, and an ultrasonic wave transmitting section (17) for volume inspection having a transmission diaphragm (39) which is irradiated with laser light emitted from the laser device (5) and generating an ultrasonic wave (C). Volume inspection is performed by irradiating the specimen with an ultrasonic wave (C) generated from the transmission diaphragm (39) in the ultrasonic wave transmitting section (17) for volume inspection. Furthermore, the ultrasonic inspection equipment (1) is provided with an ultrasonic wave transmitting section (19) for surface inspection, and performs inspection of different types such as volume inspection and surface inspection, i.e., hybrid inspection.
Patent KR-20090122211-A (KR)
Title: Method for laser-assisted bonding, substrates bonded in this manner and use thereof
Inventor: TUNNERMANN ANDREAS
IPC: H01L21/04
Filed: 2008-02-21
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for laser-supported bonding of substrates, wherein firstly said substrates are non-positively connected by pressure and then a local laser radiation induced activation of a fixing of the connection between the substrates is achieved. The invention further relates to substrates produced as above.
Patent KR-20090108091-A (KR)
Title: Elastic insert, method for the production thereof and use
IPC: D04B21/14
Filed: 2008-01-31
Abstract: The invention relates to an elastic (fixing) insert made of a carrier based on knit fabric, wherein the knit fabric is produced from at least two warp thread systems, with at least one of said warp thread systems being inserted in the knit fabric as a partial weft and comprising staple fiber yarns. One side of the knit fabric is provided with an adhesive layer. The resulting insert exhibits very high elasticity in the longitudinal, transversal and diagonal directions and is particularly cost-effective to produce. Furthermore, it is characterized by a very soft, textile feel and a good appearance.
Patent KR-20090106629-A (KR)
Title: Sputter method and sputter device
IPC: C23C14/34
Filed: 2008-01-25
Abstract: It is possible to provide a sputter method and a sputter device which can perform low-temperature and low-damage film formation with a simple configuration and with a high productivity. According to the sputter method, in a vacuum vessel, an initial layer of film is formed on an object on which a film is to be formed and then a second layer is formed on the initial layer. In the vacuum vessel, a pair of targets are arranged with their surfaces apart from each other and opposing to each other and inclined toward the object which is arranged at the side of the targets and on which the film is to be formed. A magnetic space is generated at the side of the opposing surfaces of the pair of targets for sputtering so that the sputter particles form an initial layer on the object on which the film is to be formed and further a second layer on the object on which the film is to be formed, at a higher speed than the formation of the initial layer.
Patent KR-20090108733-A (KR)
Title: Pesticidal mixtures comprising phenylsemicarbazone and clothianidin
IPC: A01N37/44
Filed: 2008-02-01
Abstract: This invention relates to a pesticidal mixture comprising, as active components, 1) a phenylsemicarbazone compound of the Formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl or C1-C4haloalkoxy and R3is C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkyl or C1-C4haloalkoxy, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof; and 2) a compound of the Formula (II) or its agriculturally acceptable salts, in synergistically effective amounts.
Patent KR-20100016645-A (KR)
Title: Heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet containing layered silicate and process for the production of electronic components by the use of the sheet
Inventor: SHIMOKAWA DAISUKE
IPC: C09J7/38
Filed: 2008-04-15
Abstract: The invention aims at providing a heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet which is little deformed by pressure and is excellent in cohesive strength even under a high-temperature atmosphere and which can keep proper pressure-sensitive adhesiveness at a temperature below the heat-peeling treatment temperature and can be easily peeled by heating; and a process for the production of electronic components by the use of the sheet. The aim is attained by a heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having on at least one side of the substrate a heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing both heat-expandable microspheres and a layered silicate. It is preferable that the silicate be incorporated in an amount of 1 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the base polymer constituting the heat-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
Patent KR-20100017306-A (KR)
Title: Stabilization of polycarbonates
Inventor: RAASCH MALBERG KAREN
IPC: C08K5/3435
Filed: 2008-05-21
Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a specific hindered amine (hindered amine light stabilizer, HALS) and a specific bismalonate UV absorber for the stabilization of polycarbonates and of polycarbonate blends, in particular of polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PC/ABS) blends, with respect to UV radiation.
Patent KR-20100017937-A (KR)
Title: Process for production of substituted cyclopentanone
Inventor: SHIMIZU KATSUYA
IPC: C07C69/716
Filed: 2006-06-23
Abstract: A substituted cyclopentanone represented by the formula (2) can be produced by hydrogenating the double bond in a compound represented by the formula (1) in the presence of a transition metal catalyst by using a carboxylic acid or a specific concentration of a carboxylic acid ester as a solvent. This process can produce a substituted cyclopentanone which is useful as an jasmine-flavored fragrance, an intermediate in the production of the fragrance or the like, in a simple and inexpensive manner at a high cis-form ratio; (1) wherein Rand Rrepresent a substituent having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and (2) wherein Rand Rrepresent a substituent having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, may be the same as Rand R, and may be the same as each other.
Patent KR-20110080866-A (KR)
Title: Recycling system of food waste
Inventor: GWON TAE HYEOK
IPC: C02F11/04
Filed: 2010-01-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: A recycling system with respect to food-waste is provided to recycle the food-waste as compost, gas generating fuel by implementing fermenting and anaerobic digesting processes. CONSTITUTION: Food-waste is introduced through an introducing hopper(100). The food-waste passes through a pulverizing and classifying unit(110), a dehydrating unit(120), a mixing unit(130), a fermenting bath, a post-aging bath, and a fine classifying unit. The processed food-waste is discharged as compost. Bio-gas is generated from the anaerobic bath and is supplied to a gas generating facility(300). The gas generating facility uses the bio gas as electric energy.
Patent KR-20110089991-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE SANG IL
IPC: E01B9/68
Filed: 2010-02-02
Abstract: 본 발명은 궤도의 선형 변경에 대응하기 쉽고, 유지관리가 용이한 철도용 방진궤도 및 이의 시공방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 철도용 방진궤도는 지반 상에 일정한 높이 및 폭으로 콘크리트를 타설 및 양생된 기초콘크리트층과; 상기 기초콘크리트층 상면에 양측에서 입설되고, 상면이 트이고, 양측면이 막힌 형상으로 이루어진 프리캐스트 콘크리트도상과; 상기 프리캐스트 콘크리트도상 내에 일정한 두께로 자갈을 부설하여 형성된 자갈도상과; 상기 자갈도상 상부와 프리캐스트 콘크리트도상 내의 양측면간에 설치되는 프리스트레스트 콘크리트침목과; 상기 프리스트레스트 콘크리트침목 상에 체결장치에 의해 고정 설치되는 레일로 구성됨을 특징으로 한다. 
또한, 상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 철도용 방진궤도 시공방법은 지반 상에 일정한 높이 및 폭으로 콘크리트를 타설 및 양생시켜 기초콘크리트층을 형성하는 단계; 상기 기초콘크리트층 상에 상면이 트이고, 양측면이 막힌 형상으로 이루어진 프리캐스트 콘크리트도상을 설치하는 단계; 상기 프리캐스트 콘크리트도상 내에 일정한 두께로 자갈을 부설하여 자갈도상을 형성하는 단계; 상기 자갈도상 상부와 프리캐스트 콘크리트도상 내의 양측면 간에 프리스트레스트 콘크리트침목을 설치하는 단계; 상기 프리스트레스트 콘크리트침목 상에 레일을 체결장치로 설치하는 단계로 이루어짐을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20110092846-A (KR)
Title: Base station, sensor network system and threshold determination method thereof
Inventor: CHO TAE HO
IPC: H04W40/02
Filed: 2010-02-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: A base station and a sensor network system including the same are provided to determine a security boundary value using a fuzzy logic. CONSTITUTION: An RF(Radio Frequency) module(112) performs communication with a sensor node which is distributed on a sensor network. A memory unit(117) stores a predetermined fuzzy logic. A controller(113) controls the RF module in order to receive information from the distributed sensor node. The controller classifies the received information by the levels. The controller inputs the classification result to the fuzzy logic. The controller determines the output value as a security boundary value.
Patent KR-20110094392-A (KR)
Title: Feeding device of packing sheet and packing box
Inventor: LEE GI CHEOL
IPC: B65H3/08
Filed: 2010-02-16
Abstract: PURPOSE: The operation process, which has nothing to do in the size of the packaged paper, adsorbs the packaged paper piece and the operation process supplying the adsorped packaged paper to the conveyer belt of the packing box packing line are manless-automated and the personnel cost dragon can be reduced. CONSTITUTION: A feeding device of packing sheet and packing box comprises an adjustment unit(6), a lifting unit(7), an absorber(10), an operating unit, a conveyer belt(12), and a compressing roller. The adjustment unit comprises a lifting plate(2) and an adjustment hole(5). In the lifting unit, the packaged paper of the resin film material wrapping paper or the paper material packing box horizontally piled-up. In order to be variableness controlled according to the size of the packaged paper in the fitting component, the width supporting the edge of the packaged paper piled-up in the lifting plate is carried. It raises the lifting plate and the lifting unit keeps the fixed height. The absorber adsorbs the packaged paper of the upper end among the packaged paper piled-up in the elevator plate with an absorbing hole(8) to piece. Repetitively according to a guide groove(9) of the arch shape the trace movement in order to lift from the elevator plate. It changes the rotational motion of the drive motor to the linear motion and the driving part repetitively locus-motions absorber according to the guide groove. The conveyer belt as a subsequent process transfers the packaged paper which is deviated in the absorption function cancel release of the chucking port of the chucking port and is settled. It is circulated due to the weight and the compressing roller compresses the packaged paper deviated of the chucking port about the conveyer belt.
Patent KR-20100041717-A (KR)
Title: Method for silicon crystallization
Inventor: JANG TAEK YONG
IPC: H01L21/324
Filed: 2010-02-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: A silicon crystallization method is provided to obtain a poly-crystal-silicon thin film with an improved crystallinity by introducing a metal catalyst in an amorphous-silicon and subsequently performing thermal treatment processes with different temperatures in order to crystallize the silicon. CONSTITUTION: A metal catalyst is applied to an amorphous-silicon. A thermal treatment process with a first temperature is performed. A subsequent thermal treatment process with a second temperature is performed. The first temperature is lower than the second temperature. The first temperature is a temperature for crystallizing the silicon with a metal induced crystallization method.
Patent KR-20110095713-A (KR)
Title: Liquid crystal display device having high aperture ratio and fabricating method of the same
Inventor: HONG HYUN SEOK
IPC: G02F1/1343
Filed: 2010-02-19
Abstract: PURPOSE: A liquid crystal display device having high aperture ratio is provided to improve the aperture ratio by minimizing the width of a black matrix. CONSTITUTION: A liquid crystal display device comprises a TFT substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The TFT substrate comprises a gate line and a data line(DL) which defines pixel area, a TFT element which is formed on the pixel area, and an opaque common line which crosses the data line. The color filter substrate includes a color filter on a second substrate. The liquid crystal layer is interposed between the TFT substrate and the color filter substrate.
Patent KR-20110058626-A (KR)
Title: Drier for laundry
Inventor: KIM DO WAN
IPC: D06F57/04
Filed: 2010-02-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: The laundry drying rack equipped with an air cleaning function is provided to expand the utilization range through the dedicated use of a device for the air of a drying target and air cleaning. CONSTITUTION: A hanger(20) is connected to a post(10). The drying target hangs on the hanger. An angle control means is provided on the post. The angle control means controls the air supply direction by an air blowing means(30). The air blowing means is connected on the top of the post. The air blowing means proceeds the drying of the drying target and air cleaning. A hanging groove is formed on the hanger along the longitudinal direction. A shaking prevention means is provided on the hanger.
Patent KR-20110097080-A (KR)
Inventor: OH HYUN JUNG
IPC: G06Q50/10
Filed: 2010-02-24
Abstract: 사용자 단말의 서비스 요청에 따른 지리 영상 서버의 지리 영상 정보 제공 방법 및 사용자 단말의 지리 영상 정보 이용 방법에 관한 기술이 개시된다. 이러한 기술에 따르면, 지리 영상 정보를 요청한 사용자 단말로부터 사용자 정보를 수신하는 단계; 상기 사용자 정보에 따라 상기 지리 영상 정보의 해상도 또는 축적을 조절하는 단계; 및 상기 해상도 또는 축적이 조절된 지리 영상 정보를 암호화하여 상기 사용자 단말로 전송하는 단계를 포함하는 지리 영상 정보 제공 방법이 개시된다.
Patent KR-20110098247-A (KR)
Inventor: JEONG HYE MI
IPC: G06Q30/02
Filed: 2010-02-26
Abstract: 본 발명은 주문 계산 시스템 및 이에 의한 주문 계산 방법에 관한 것으로서 보다 상세하게는, 사용자가 메뉴 및 할인 카드 정보에 기초하여 최종적으로 결제하게 되는 금액을 예상할 수 있도록 함으로써 사용자에게 편의를 제공하기 위한 주문 계산 시스템 및 이에 의한 주문 계산 방법에 관한 것이다.  본 발명의 주문 계산 시스템은 사용자 단말로의 요청에 응답하여 메뉴 정보를 상기 사용자 단말로 제공하는 메뉴 정보 제공부, 상기 사용자 단말로부터 상기 사용자가 선택한 메뉴 정보가 수신되면, 상기 사용자가 선택한 메뉴에 적용 가능한 할인 카드 정보를 상기 사용자 단말로 제공하는 카드 정보 제공부, 상기 사용자 단말로부터 상기 사용자가 선택한 메뉴 및 할인 카드 정보에 기초하여 할인 후 금액을 산출하는 금액 산출부를 포함하며, 상기 메뉴 정보 및 할인 카드 정보는 각각 이미지를 포함한다.
Patent KR-20110101557-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE HYUNG HO
IPC: H01L21/205
Filed: 2010-03-09
Abstract: 본 발명은 반도체 제조용 저압 화학 기상 증착에 관한 것이다. 
본 발명은 복수 개의 웨이퍼가 서로 높이를 달리하여 안착되는 바디; 상기 바디를 감싸고 형성되며, 중앙에 개구부가 형성된 제 1 튜브; 및 상기 제 1 튜브를 감싸고 형성되며, 하부에 가스 배기구가 형성된 제 2 튜브를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 저압 화학 기상 증착 장치를 제공한다. 
따라서, 튜브 및 바디 내에서 가스의 흐름이 바닥에 집중되지 않고, 웨이퍼의 표면에 스트레스의 집중이 감소된다.
Patent KR-20110101877-A (KR)
Inventor: CHUN PIL JI
IPC: C04B2/10
Filed: 2010-03-10
Abstract: 본 발명은 무연탄을 원료탄으로 사용하여 코크스를 제조할 수 있음과 아울러 코크스와 생석회를 단일로에서 동시에 제조하게 되는 코크스 및 생석회의 동시 제조 장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 내벽과 외벽이 각각 열전도성 내화재에 의해 환형 구조로 구축된 탄화실과, 상기 탄화실의 내벽 측과 외벽 측에서 탄화실을 둘러싸도록 환형 구조로 구축되어 상기 탄화실로 열을 전도하게 되면서 내주부와 외주부에는 단열재가 구축된 구조로 이루어진 연소실을 포함하며, 상기 연소실 내에 연료용 코크스와 함께 장입된 석회석이 연소실의 상부로부터 하부에 이르기까지 축차적으로 예열과 소성 및 냉각 과정을 거치면서 생석회로 형성되어 배출되고, 상기 탄화실 내에 장입된 원료탄은 상기 생석회의 형성 과정에서 연소실에서 발생하는 열의 전도에 의해 탄화실의 상부로부터 하부에 이르기까지 축차적으로 예열과 건류 및 냉각 과정을 거치면서 코크스화하여 배출된다.