baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CS-271980-B1 (CS)
Inventor: NIKOV JORDAN ING
IPC: B05C7/06
Filed: 1988-12-05
Abstract: Predmetom riešenia je zerladenle ija
povrchová úpravu hlavně vnútorných p)och
ocelových uzavretých nádob proti korozll.
Zariadenie pozostáva z vyklápecleho ránu
(1) opatřeného pevným štitom (2) a pohyblivým
štítom (3); medzi ktorými Je pomocou
otočného hrotu (4) a otočnéno^upinače
(5) upevněná nádoba (6) e náplňou
náterovej hmoty, pričom oba konce vyklápacieho
rámu (1) eú 3alej opatřená prlečnikmi
(7, 8) 80 zaletovecími otvormi
(9, 10) a jeho atred je spojený ao zdvihacím
hydraulickým zariadením (11)A ktorého
teleso Je uložené v Ijlbovom ložku
(12) pevne spojenom e betonovým zékladom.
Pevný štít (2) Je Sálej opatřený pohonom
(13), ktorý otáča uplnaclu doaku (14)
a upinacom (5). Pohyblivý štít je opatřený
priamočiarym hydromotorom (15)
ovládajúci otočný hrot (4) a pohon (16)
ktorý zabezpečuje poeúvanie pohyblivého
štítu (3) vo vedeni vyklápecleho rámu
(1), pricoi) jeho plocha po posunuti je
zaistená trňmi (17) zaaúvanýml do zaistovacích
otvorov (18, priamočiarym hydromotorom
(19).
Patent CS-238040-B1 (CS)
Inventor: BRABEC JOSEF
IPC: A01G17/08
Filed: 1983-11-02
Abstract: účelem vynálezu je doplnění potřebného
zařízení pro výrobu automatického zavěšovacího
a zaplchovacího zařízení vodícího chmelového
drátku, čímž dojde k odstraněni
namáhavé ruční práce a ke zvýšení produktivity
práce.
Podstata spočívá v tom, že těleso navíječe
háčků je opatřeno pohonným kolem,
na jehož předním konci je umístěna hlavice
s navíjecí rolnou, přičemž tělesem navíječe
háčků prochází navíjecí jádro, opatřené
navíjecími čepy.
Patent CS-273429-B1 (CS)
Title: Spiral heat exchanger
Inventor: BILLIAN VLADIMIR ING
IPC: F28D7/02
Filed: 1988-12-14
Abstract: The principle of the solution consists in the fact that the spiral heat duct (4), delimiting in the cover (11), dismountably fixed on support plate of the stand of the heat exchanger body, a heater conduit (5), is composed of a set of pairs of plates (41), arranged along the closed centre support pole (2) with overlap opposite each other perpendicularly to its collateral walls (20), interconnected by means of slanting wings (42), connected on outer edge with circumferential belt (43) sealed against the inner space of the cover (11). The heat duct (4) is linked to intermediate space (23) of the support pole (2), made by positioned central channel (3) connected to heater conduit (5).<IMAGE>
Patent CS-207094-B1 (CS)
Inventor: VLK JAROSLAV
IPC: B24B3/36
Filed: 1979-12-05
Abstract: Přístroj na tvarové brúsenie nožov,
hlavně přesných závitových nožov na závity
s kužefovitos^ou. Účelom vynálezu
je umožniΐ tvarové brúsenie nožov na univerzálních
nástrojárskych bruskách. Přístroj
podía vynálezu sa upíná na st8l
nástrojárskej brúsky. Na jeho telese je
uložený pozdížný suport s pružinami a saňami,
po ktorých sa pohybuje prieony suport
s nožovým držiakom a držiakom, na
ktorom je na čapě upevněný vodiaoi kotúě.
Pružinou je vodiaci kotúč pritláčaný k
vačke, upevnenej na skrutke preohádzajúcej
maticou a umiestnenej v pozdížnom
suporte. Skrutka je opatřená ovládacím
ručným kolesom. Pružinu podopiera opierka,
upevněná na saniach. Vynález je využitelný
v nástrojárskom priemysle.
Patent CS-220169-B1 (CS)
Inventor: URBANEK LUDVIK
IPC: C01G43/00
Filed: 1981-12-04
Abstract: Účelem vynálezu je oddělení a zkoncentrování kovů ve formě roztoků solí z kyselých roztoků nebo rmutů vznikajících při hydrochemické těžbě rud. Takto získané roztoky jsou využitelné v různých odvětvích průmyslové výroby. Současně dochází ke snížení množství kalů, které je nutno deponovat na odkališti. Uvedeného účelu se dosáhne neutralizací kyselých roztoků či rmutů vápnem nebo vápencem na hodnotu pH potřebnou k hyd- rolytickému vylučování přítomných kovových iontů. Přitom kovy přecházejí spolu s vznikajícím síranem vápenatým do· sraženiny, ve které se koncentrují. Sraženina se po oddělení z reakční směsi louží 1 až 10 N kyselinou sírovou. Kovové ionty se převedou do· roztoku, který se oddělí od zbylé sraženiny síranu vápenatého. Vynález lze použít všude, kde se získávají kovy hydrochemickým loužením kyselými roztoky a do výluhu přecházejí vedle těženého kovu ionty doprovodných kovů.
Patent CS-272917-B1 (CS)
Title: Wiring diagram of voltage converter for aviation automatic direction finders' evaluating parts
Inventor: MASIN ZDENEK ING
IPC: G01S3/42
Filed: 1988-12-29
Abstract: The described connection of the converter can be used in the aircraft radio compass in the circuit of the servo-motor for location of the flight direction. The circuit reliably operates in the temperature range between - 55 and + 80 degrees C. The solution is based on the bridge circuit, while equalization of the bridge is carried out by the change in direct current voltages on the gates of transistors, which are controlled by the pole and which are connected in the first and second branch of the bridge.<IMAGE>
Patent CS-244719-B1 (CS)
Inventor: CABICAL RUDOLF
IPC: H03K19/00
Filed: 1984-11-27
Abstract: Zapojení se týká zapojení elektrických
oddělovacích obvodů, používaných pro úpravy
signálů z čidel. Stereotypní oddělovací
obvod je určen pro technologické provozy
s vysokou úrovní rušení a velkým počtem
čidel, neboř umožňuje konstrukci celých
stereotypních převodových bloků jednotného
zapojení, které lze jednoduše propojovat,
přičemž kromě funkce vlastního oddělení
zajišřuje ještě podmínění signálů, vydáni
náhradního signálu při ztrátách napětí a
hlídání správné funkce včetně vyhodnocení
chyby a signalizace chybné funkce. Je použitelný
pro běžné logické systémy, pro systémy
s mikropočítači a minipočítači.
Patent CS-258634-B1 (CS)
Inventor: KIZLINK JURAJ
IPC: C07C49/623
Filed: 1986-12-10
Abstract: Riešením sa dosahuje odstránenie škodlivých
vplyvov toxických katalyzátorov ako
aj náročná likvidácia odpadov z výroby.
Podstatou riešenia je, že reakcia prebieha
za přítomnosti 0,005 až 0,1 mólu kobaltového
komplexu na 1 kg alfa-pinénu pri zložení
kobaltového komplexu Co : Br : pyridin
je 1 : 0,1 až 5 : 0,1 až 10. Výhodné možno
použit kobaltový komplex typu dipyridyl-
-kobalt-bromid.
Patent CS-243577-B1 (CS)
Inventor: HORYNA JAROSLAV
IPC: C09B56/18
Filed: 1984-11-28
Abstract: Vynález se týká kondenzačních hydrazo- pigmentů obecného vzorce Ia, případně I b,
Patent CS-268215-B1 (CS)
Inventor: CZERNER VITOLD
IPC: C10B43/04
Filed: 1987-12-16
Abstract: účelem řešení Je odstraňování
koksu poopadsnáho na ochozu koksárenská
baterie po vytlačování koksu z koksovacích
komor. Tomuto účelu Je uzpůsobeno
zařízení tvořené hydraulicky výklopným
řetězovým dopravníkem, který
Je opatřen kartáči a stíraoími lopatkami,
přičemž odklízený koks se Jimi
vynáší do žlabu, který se nachází pod
dopravníkem a je jeho součástí a jímž
se posléze koks vysypává do hydraulicky
nesené násypky, z jejíhož výoypného
ústí se vypouští do hasícího vozu.
Patent CS-217396-B1 (CS)
Inventor: VOCKA MIROSLAV
IPC: A01D41/02
Filed: 1980-12-29
Abstract: Vynález řeší samočinné odstraňování
nečistot ze zásobníku praohu předčističe
vzduohu. .
Podstata vynálezu spočívá v tom, že k obvodové
stěně.zásobníku praohu Je tečně
uohyoena odsávaoí trubka spojená s ejektorem.
Patent CS-209728-B1 (CS)
Inventor: BEZNOSKA STANISLAV
IPC: A61F5/04
Filed: 1979-12-28
Abstract: Předmětem vynálezu je jednoduchý běžec
vnější skeletální fixace, který je spojová·*
cím a fixačním prvkem stavebnice universální
skeletální fixace.
Jednoduchý běžec dle vynálezu sestává
ze dvou destiček s volně suvně procházejícím
vrtacím vodicím pouzdrem, opatřeným v hlavě
pojistným šroubem. V základní destičce
je upraven otvor pro kompresně distrakční
zařízení. Tato destička je opatřena vodícími
drážkami podélnými, zatímco příložná
destička má vodící drážky příčné.
Předmětného jednoduchého běžce lze s výhodou
použít v sestavách vnější skeletální
fixace, určené k léčbě infikovaných zlomenin
a pakloubu.
Patent DK-172142-B1 (DK)
Inventor: ETZWEILER FRANZ
IPC: G01N30/46
Filed: 1988-10-07
Granted: 1997-11-24
Abstract: A device for branching gas flows, more particularly in a gas chromatography plant, the device having: an inlet branch connected to the output of a separating column; and two outlet branches which extend from a junction to subsequent parts of the plant, characterised in that one outlet branch is connected by way of a shutoff valve to a device producing a pressure lower than the pressure in the other outlet branch.
Patent FI-104077-B1 (FI)
Inventor: JANSSENS FRANS EDUARD
IPC: C07D235/00
Filed: 1993-12-10
Granted: 1999-11-15
Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel imidazo[1,2-a](pyrrolo, thieno or furano)[3,2-d]azepines of formula <CHEM> the pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts and stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein each of the dotted lines independently represents an optional bond;     R<1>   represents hydrogen, C1-4alkyl, halo, ethenyl substituted with hydroxycarbanyl or C1-4alkyloxycarbonyl, hydroxyC1-4alkyl, formyl, hydroxycarbonyl or hydroxycarbonylC1-4alkyl; R<2>   represents hydrogen, C1-4alkyl, ethenyl substituted with hydroxycarbonyl or C1-4alkyloxycarbonyl, C1-4alkyl substituted with hydroxycarbonyl or C1-4alkyloxycarbonyl, hydroxyC1-4alkyl, formyl or hydroxycarbonyl; R<3>   represents hydrogen, C1-4alkyl, hydroxyC1-4alkyl, phenyl or halo; L   represents hydrogen; C1-6alkyl; C1-6alkyl substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halo, C1-4alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, C1-4alkyloxycarbonyl, C1-4alkyloxycarbonylC1-4alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonylC1-4alkyloxy, C1-4alkyloxycarbonylamino, C1-4alkylaminocarbonyl, C1-4alkylaminocarbonylamino, C1-4alkylaminothiocarbonylamino, aryl, aryloxy and arylcarbonyl; C1-6alkyl substituted with both hydroxy and aryloxy; C3-6alkenyl; C3-6alkenyl substituted with aryl; L represents a radical of formula -Alk-Y-Het<1> (a-1), -Alk-NH-CO-Het<2> (a-2) or -Alk-Het<3> (a-3); which are useful antiallergic compounds. Compositions comprising said compounds, methods of using, and processes for preparing the same.
Patent IE-51402-B1 (IE)
Title: Waste material treatment
IPC: C10L5/46
Filed: 1981-05-27
Abstract: A method of producing a generally homogeneous fuel having a generally consistent particle size and calorific content from a heterogeneous waste material having components of diverse moisture contents, calorific values and micro-organism contents comprises: passing the waste material through a rotating drum; controlling the volume of waste material in the drum, the speed of rotation of the drum and the rate of flow of the material through the drum so as to obtain therein a residence time and a component collision frequency and intensity sufficient to obtain: (a) transfer of moisture between the components via mutual component contact, (b) breakdown of said components into small particles, and (c) intimate admixture of the small particles. The residence time is controlled to be sufficiently short so as to minimise micro-organism growth and activity and substantially to prevent any appreciable temperature rise. The fuel is obtained from the admixture of particles by separating those particles less than a predetermined size.
Patent IE-53467-B1 (IE)
Title: Use of eucalyptol for enhancing skin permeation of bio-affecting agents
IPC: A61K47/00
Filed: 1982-06-29
Abstract: Greatly enhanced delivery of a wide variety of bio- , affecting agents is provided by formulations for topical application comprising at least one bio-affecting agent and eucalyptol. Optionally, the formulation can further comprise a non-toxic topical carrier and/or an additional penetration enhancer. The eucalyptol acts as a unique transport agent which readily delivers the active bio-affecting agent across the stratum corneum to the target area. Cosmetic and therapeutic dermatological agents as well as systematically effective therapeutic agents can be easily formulated with eucalyptol and effectively delivered through the skin to the desired site, i.e., to the underlying tissues of the epidermis and dermis or to the general circulation.
Patent IE-51120-B1 (IE)
Title: Topical formulations of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine
IPC: A61K31/74
Filed: 1981-07-17
Abstract: An improved topical pharmaceutical formulation for use in treating virus infections of the skin or mucosa containing 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acyclovir) or a salt or ester thereof and which comprises a dispersed oil phase and a continuous aqueous phase containing therein water, at least 30% w/w of a water miscible polyhydric alcohol and solubilized acyclovir or salt or ester thereof. Such a formulation has better stability and is more efficacious.
Patent IE-48470-B1 (IE)
Title: Brewing process
IPC: C12C5/00
Filed: 1979-08-24
Abstract: The present invention provides an improved brewing process which utilizes an adjunct comprising a highly fermentable sugar. In the process, brewers' yeast is allowed to act upon a, preferably all-malt, wort until said yeast is partially developed, following which, the said adjunct is introduced into the partially fermented wort and the brewing process carried to completion. It is preferable that the said adjunct is introduced into the partially fermented wort over a period of time during which the Plato value of the wort is not drastically altered. The process is capable of achieving high degrees of attenuation without the addition of additional discrete enzymes and is especially advantageous when used to produce alcoholic brewery beverages having reduced caloric and/or alcoholic contents.
Patent IE-58459-B1 (IE)
Title: Solid, stable dosage forms with an elastic film coating
IPC: A61K9/30
Filed: 1986-06-23
Abstract: Solid, stable dosage forms consisting of a moisture- and temperature-sensitive core prepared from a medicament, or a mixture of medicaments, and excipients, and an elastic film coating which decomposes in aqueous solution, said elastic film coating substantially comprising (a) a water-soluble component consisting of 20-60% of hydroxypropyl cellulose having an average molecular weight of 75,000, and (b) a water-insoluble component consisting of 5-20% of an acrylic resin in the form of (b1) a 70:30 ethyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer having a molecular weight of 80,000, or (b2) a 30:70 to 70:30 methyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer having an average molecular weight of 500,000, 20-60% of a lubricant, 0.5-5% of a wetting agent, 0-5% of a plasticizer, and optional additional excipients, and process for the preparation thereof.
Patent IE-38453-B1 (IE)
Title: Method and apparatus for the manufacture of flocked products
IPC: D06N3/00
Filed: 1973-09-19
Abstract: 1428138 Flock coated products NAIRN FLOORS LTD 1 Oct 1973 [3 Oct 1972] 45588/ 72 Heading B2E A method of making a flocked product comprises applying a fluid binder to a substrate flocking fibres on to the binder, laying the fibres in a first part of the area of the surface in a predominant non-perpendicular direction while maintaining them substantially linear by rolling a stencil over and in contact with the product with no relatve movement at the zone of contact between the stencil and the product, laying the fibres in a second part of the area of the surface in a different predominant non- perpendicular orientation while maintaining them substantially linear by movement of a separate moveable orientation means contained in the stencil, the second area being the area of the surface in contact with the perforations in the stencil and hardening the binder. The orientation fibres within the area of the surface is usually such that substantially all the fibres lay in one direction, for example at an angle of less than 45‹ and usually less than 30‹ to the plane of the surface. The whole of the surface may be of areas having non-perpendicular orientation of the fibres but one or more areas having perpendicular orientation may also be present in the product. All the fibres on the surface may be first effected in one direction by brushing or other means and the stencil then rolled over the product, the fibres in parts only of the surface being reoriented by the orienting means within the stencil. The means for laying the fibres in the second part of the area of the surface may comprise a rotatable brush whose axis is parallel with the stencil and whose bristles extend to but not beyond the perforations where they are in contact with the product and which rotates faster than the stencil and in the same direction. The substrate may be of fibrous material such as a textile or paper and woven, knitted and non-woven fabrics from natural or synthetic fibres. Suitable binders are acrylic binders. vinyl chloride, homo- or copolymers and polyurethanes. They are generally applied from a solution or dispersion. Suitable flocking fibres are cotton, rayon, nylon, acrylic and polyester materials. They can be precision-cut fibres or ground fibres or mixtures of these. The flocking may be by a conventional electrostatic flocking process.
[GB1428138A]
Patent IE-43508-B1 (IE)
Title: Aloxypyridyl amines
IPC: C07D233/64
Filed: 1976-07-30
Abstract: the compounds are alkoxypyridine compounds which are histamine H2-antagonists. Two specific compounds of the present invention are N-cyano-N'-methyl-N''-[2-((3-methoxy-2-pyridyl)methylthio)ethyl]guanidine and 1-methylamino-1-[2-((3-methoxy-2-pyridyl)methylthio)ethyl-amino]-2-nit roethylene.
Patent IE-48820-B1 (IE)
Title: Imidazolyl vinyl ethers having fungicidal and bactericidal activity
IPC: C07D233/68
Filed: 1979-09-10
Abstract: Aryl-imidazol-1-yl vinyl ethers and their acid addition salts are disclosed, wherein the imidazolyl vinyl ether has the formula: <IMAGE> Ar in the formula represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heterocyclic radical; R represents hydrogen or a C1-C12 alkyl or cycloalkyl (saturated or unsaturated) or Ar as above; Im represents a 1-H-imidazol-1-yl group (unsubstituted or substituted); and Y represents a saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic C1-C12 alkyl, or aryl or aralkyl, or an alkyl or alkylene residue directly bound to the ether oxygen and having a chain once or twice interrupted by -O-, -S-, -SO- or -SO2- bridges. These compounds are effective wide spectrum fungicides and bactericides.
[US4210657A]
Patent IE-49975-B1 (IE)
Title: Nozzle ring assembly for a roller mill
IPC: B02C15/00
Filed: 1980-08-19
Abstract: A nozzle ring assembly for use around a circular grinding path of a roller mill of the kind comprising a grinding table (1) which is rotatable about a vertical axis, and grinding rollers (2) urged against the grinding table. The nozzle ring assembly comprises a nozzle ring (8) with circumferentially spaced guide vanes (17) for directing air, in use, over the grinding path in a direction with a component substantially tangential to the grinding path. The nozzle ring (8) also has a set of annular guide vanes (13-16) which are disposed one above the other for directing air, in use, substantially horizontally overthe grinding path.
Patent IE-50200-B1 (IE)
Title: A spinner
IPC: B05C11/08
Filed: 1980-09-18
Abstract: A spinner particularly intended to be used in the application of a resist or liquid developer to a semiconductor wafer during semiconductor device production comprises a spindle (RS) for supporting and rotating a workpiece (W) at high speed, and a cup (SC) surrounding the spindle (RS). The cup (SC) includes a port (EP) in its base wall and a deflector ring (DR) projecting inwards from the inside wall of the cup. The deflector ring includes an annular barrier (12) at its inner peripheral edge and the barrier projects above and below the deflector ring (DR) at (13 and 14). An inner peripheral surface (15) of the barrier diverges from the axis of the spindle (RS) in at least the upwards direction.
Patent IE-48852-B1 (IE)
Title: Pyrido(2,1-beta)quinazolinone derivatives and their manufacture and use
IPC: C07D471/04
Filed: 1979-10-17
Abstract: Pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolinones of the formula   <IMAGE>   wherein X is cyano, hydroxyamidocarbonyl, carbamoyl, 5-tetrazolyl, carboxy, carboxy in the form of a salt thereof with a physiologically compatible base, carboxy esterified with a physiologically acceptable alcohol or carboxy amidated with a physiologically acceptable amine; R1 is hydrogen or methyl; and R2 through R5 are independently each hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl, carboxy, thiocyano, methylthio, methylsulfinyl, methylsulfonyl, methylsulfonimidoyl or methylsulfonamido with the proviso that two or three of the groups R2 through R5 are hydrogen; or a salt thereof with a physiologically acceptable acid or base; possess valuable pharmacological properties.
Patent IE-48860-B1 (IE)
Title: Apparatus for effecting compensation of free moments resulting from inertia forces in an internal combustion engine
Inventor: HENNING LINDQUIST
IPC: F02B75/02
Filed: 1979-10-30
Abstract: Apparatus for compensating moments created by inertia forces in an internal combustion engine (2) used for a ship's propulsion comprises a balancer (8) spaced in the fore-and-aft direction from the engine and including one or more rotary unbalanced masses (9). Each unbalanced mass is driven by a positive displacement hydraulic motor (12) connected through feed and return conduits (14, 15) with a positive displacement hydraulic pump (13) driven by the engine (2) in such a way that the rpm of the mass is equal to or twice the rpm of the engine crankshaft (3) and that a desired phase relationship between the rotation of the mass and the movements of the oscillating masses of the engine is maintained. The hydraulic drive provides a simpler and cheaper apparatus as compared to known electrically driven balancers.
Patent IE-40277-B1 (IE)
Title: 2-cyanopehyldithiophosphoric acid esters, process for their preparation and their use as insecticides or acaricides
IPC: A01P7/04
Filed: 1974-12-04
Abstract: O,S-Dialkyl-O-(2-cyanophenyl)-thionothiolphosphoric acid esters of the formula ROS PARALLEL ANGLE P-O (I) R'S in which R and R' each independently is alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R'' is hydrogen or bromine, WHICH POSSESS INSECTICIDAL AND ACARICIDAL PROPERTIES.
[US3966920A]
Patent IE-60492-B1 (IE)
Title: Anti-inflammatory cream composition
IPC: A61K/
Filed: 1987-10-01
Abstract: Disclosed is an elegant, stable, self-preserving cream formulation containing mometasone furoate, 9 alpha , 21-dichloro-16 alpha -methyl-1,4-pregnadiene11 beta ,17 alpha -diol-3,20-dione-17-(2#1PR -furoate), useful as a topical anti-inflammatory product.
Patent IE-56952-B1 (IE)
Title: Process for preparing a resistor element
IPC: H01C7/00
Filed: 1985-12-13
Abstract: The invention is directed to a thick film resistor composition for firing in a low oxygen-containing atmosphere comprising finely divided particles of (a) semiconductive material consisting essentially of a cationic excess solid solution and (b) a nonreducing glass having a softening point below that of the semiconductive material dispersed in (c) organic medium and to resistor elements made therefrom.
[US4652397A]
Patent IE-59446-B1 (IE)
Title: Pyran derivatives
IPC: C07D487/04
Filed: 1986-12-08
Abstract: Compounds of formula I: <CHEM>  wherein:  R1 is hydrogen or alkyl; R2 is alkyl optionally substituted by one or more alkoxy groups or halogen atoms; X is a group of formula -0R3 wherein R3 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, or arylalkyl; or X is a group of formula -NHCVR4 wherein V is oxygen or sulphur, R4 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl (which alkyl and cycloalkyl groups may be substituted), alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, amino, mono- or di-alkylamino or a group of the formula -OR5 wherein R5 is optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl; or X is a group of formula -NHSO2R4a wherein R4a is alkyl, aryl or a group of formula -CH2COR4b wherein R4b is alkyl or aryl; Y is optionally substituted alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, arylalkoxy or a group of formula -NR6R7 wherein R6 is hydrogen or alkyl and R7 is alkyl, cycloalkyl (which alkyl and cycloalkyl groups may be substituted), aryl or arylalkyl or R7 is a group of formula -COOR8 wherein R8 is alkyl are useful intermediates in the synthesis of beta-lactam antibiotics.