baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-343461-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for the production of formaldehyde from methane
IPC: C07C45/33
Filed: 1929-11-15
Abstract: Formaldehyde is obtained by passing a mixture of methane and oxygen through the field of a high-frequency current of very high tension across which luminous discharges are passing.  Catalysts known to facilitate the reaction, for example, copper, silver, or the oxides of these metals may be present.  Mixtures of methane and oxygen with other gases, for example, a mixture of air and coke oven gas may be used as starting materials.  According to examples (1) a mixture of air and methane is passed at atmospheric pressure through a field of 80000 volts tension and a frequency of 400,000, formaldehyde being separated from the issuing gases by washing, and (2) a mixture of air and methane is passed through a field of 90000 volts and frequency 300,000 at a pressure of 200 mm., copper oxide being present as a catalyst.  Copper or silver wires may be used as electrodes.ALSO:Formaldehyde is obtained by passing a mixture of methane and oxygen through the field of a high frequency current of very high tension across which luminous discharges are passing. Catalysts known to facilitate the reaction, for example, copper, silver, or the oxides of these metals may be present.  Mixtures of methane and oxygen with other gases, for example, a mixture of air and coke oven gas may be used as starting materials.  According to examples, (1) a mixture of air and methane is passed at atmospheric pressure through a field of 80,000 volts tension and a frequency of 400,000, formaldehyde being separated from the issuing gases by washing, and (2) a mixture of air and methane is passed through a field of 90,000 volts and frequency 300,000 at a pressure of 200 mm., copper oxide being present as a catalyst. Copper or silver wires may be used as electrodes.
Patent GB-834107-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for fettling clay articles or appendages
IPC: B24B1/00
Filed: 1957-11-11
Abstract: 834,107. Pottery manufacture. STRASSER, H. Nov. 7, 1958 [Nov. 11, 1957], No. 35014/57. Class 87(1) [Also in Group XXIII] Means for fettling clay articles or appendages comprise a resilient holder for the object to be fettled, an abrasive surface or surfaces contacting the object, and means for compressing the holder and allowing it to rebound. Apparatus for removing from a cup handle raised seams of clay left along each side of the handle where two dies or moulds meet and for smoothing the surface of the handle comprises a carriage 35 movable along guides 36 and carrying a part 11 having a rubber insert 25 recessed to receive the cup handle, the recess being bounded by soft sponge rubber members 26. A part 10 hinged at 12 to the part 11 has a rubber insert 14 recessed to receive a plate 13. The plate 13 carries a hard abrasive rubber formation 15 recessed to fit round the handle shape, the recess being lined on its top part with soft sponge rubber 16. The plate 13 has a stem 17 passing through a guide 18 and carrying at its outer end a hard steel ball 22; a spring 19 surrounding the stem 17 bears against the guide 18 and against a collar 20 pinned to the stem. After insertion of the cup handle in the part 11, the carriage 35 is moved to the right so that the part 10 is closed on to the part 11 by a striker 40. Continued movement of the carriage causes the ball 22 on the now vertical stem 17 to pass along a profile 41 resulting in reciprocation of the plate 13 to effect the fettling. Before the parts 10, 11 close water is sprayed into them, to clear the parts and lubricate the clay, by jets 28 supplied by a pump 29 actuated by a bell-crank 37 operated by a set pin 34 on the carriage 35. The profile 41 may have its operative edge formed by balls or rollers, and is adjustably mounted on pillars 42. It may be set inclined so as to vary the amount of movement as fettling proceeds. The parts 10, 11 may also serve to present the handle to means for trimming the handle to the correct contour. One end of the handle may be trimmed before fettling begins, and fettling interrupted, as by the use of an adjustable mask 45 on the profile 41, during trimming of the other end of the handle. Fettling may be interrupted during the whole of the trimming. The trimming means may be as described in Specifications 727,273 and 791,926. The apparatus may alternatively or additionally be associated with apparatus for attaching the handle to the cups.
Patent GB-164678-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical motor starting systems
IPC: H02P1/46
Filed: 1920-12-14
Abstract: 164,678. Metropolitan - Vickers Electrical Co., Ltd., (Assignees of Wensley, R. J.). June 3, 1920, [Convention date]. Systems for alternating-current motors only.- In starting synchronous motors, a source of reduced voltage such as an auto-transformer is employed, the motor being disconnected from the mains. When the excitation of the field and the current through the armature have reached the proper values for synchronous running, the motor is automatically switched on to the mains. In the arrangement shown in the drawing, a motor 1 having a field winding 7 excited by a directcurrent generator 10 is started on a step-down auto-transformer 4; switches 5, 6 having been previously closed by a solenoid 22, and the main switch 3 being open. A relay 8 responding when the excitation current rises to the required value, and a retarded relay 12 responding when the motor armature current falls to the required value, together determine the closure of a circuit ene,rgized from a direct-current source 17 and containing a trip-open coil 21 for the switches 5, 6, and a closing coil 19 for the main switch 3. At any subsequent time the main switch can be tripped open by a hand control 31 to a winding 18. An interlocking contact 33<a> prevents the closing coil of the starting switch from receiving current unless the main switch is off.
Patent GB-355606-A (GB)
Title: Improved lubricating system for the roller and/or carriage axles of spirally guided gasholders
IPC: F17B1/00
Filed: 1930-11-22
Abstract: 355,606. Lubricating gasholders. DEMPSTER, Ltd., R. & J., and WALKER, L. J. L., Gas Plant Works, Manchester. Nov. 22, 1930, No. 35213. [Classes 12 (ii) and 12 (iii).] In a spirally-guided gasholder wherein a number of guide rollers 20 are carried by each roller carriage 7, lubricant is forced by a pump 3 through branched piping 4, 11 to the roller and carriage axles of one or more carriages from a container 1 carried on the dip portion 5, Fig. 1, of a lift or on the top of the tank 8, Fig. 4. The pump may be actuated automatically through a lever 14 carrying a roller 13 coacting with members 12 fixed on an adjacent lift 6.
Patent GB-458711-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to writing telegraphs
IPC: G08C21/00
Filed: 1935-12-20
Abstract: 458,711. Reversing-gearing. STANDDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., 63, Aldwych, London.-(Western Electric Co., Inc. ; 195, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.) Dec. 20, 1935, No. 35351. [Class 80 (ii)] [See also Group XXXVIII] In a writing telegraph, the recording pen is coupled to driving means by a reversing gearing which comprises two pinions 23, 24 loosely mounted on the pen operating shaft 25 and adapted to be driven in opposite directions by a worm 22 having both left- and right-handed threads. Windings 27, 28 are mounted on the pinions and co-operate with a clutch disc 57 on the shaft 25. In a modification, the gearing comprises a differential gear, one sun-wheel of which is locked or released by an electromagnetic clutch.
Patent GB-854954-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in means for spraying insecticides and the like
IPC: A01M7/00
Filed: 1957-11-13
Abstract: 854,954. Crop sprayers. PEARCH, L. C. Feb. 11, 1959 [Nov. 13, 1957], No. 35365/57. Class 69 (3). An attachment at the rear of a tractor or like power-driven machine includes a speed multiplying gear-box 13, linkage members 17, 18 connecting it to the tractor &c., a shaft 21 .coupling the gear-box and a power-driven shaft of the tractor &c., and means for detachably securing to the gear-box alternative spraying devices each having a high-speed fan driven by the gear-box. In the spray device of Fig. 1 the fan is mounted in a casing 10 having a rotatable air outlet socket 11 with spray nozzles 12 therein, and the periphery 16 of the fan casing is bolted to a frame 14, 15, and the linkage members 17, 18 are connected to side plates 14 of the frame. Spray liquid is contained in tank 19 supported by the members 17 and may be fed to the nozzles by a pump 22 driven from the gear-box. The members 18 may be telescopic enabling the attachment to be rested on the ground on skids 24, and the usual hydraulic arms on the tractor, which are connected to the same points on the plates 14 as the members 18, lift the attachment into position. Spray devices as described in Specifications 713,206, 749,286 and 846,939 may be used. Specifications 623,068 and 853,948 also are referred to.
Patent GB-805549-A (GB)
Title: Production and use of anti-static compositions
IPC: D06M15/267
Filed: 1956-11-20
Abstract: An aqueous mixture for use in treating textile materials comprises a polymerized ester of acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol and from 1 to 16 per cent, based on the weight of the ester, of an oxygen containing inorganic compound of boron, for example boric acid, borax, ammonium biborate and pentaborate and potassium tetraborate and pentaborate.  The mixture is preferably prepared by polymerizing an aqueous solution of the acrylic ester having a pH of between 2 and 7 in the presence of the boron compound and a vaporizable polymerization catalyst, for example hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid, the boron compound functioning to prevent gelling of the solution.  After polymerization the mixture is concentrated by removal of water. The mixture is applied to synthetic textile materials and dried at an elevated temperature, thereby insolubilising the polyethylene acrylate polymer.  The preparation is described of polyethylene acrylates by esterifying acrylic acid with polyethylene glycols of molecular weights of 400,600 and 1000 by heating in the presence of benzene and sulphuric acid and, optionally, trinitrobenzene as a polymerization inhibitor.  At the end of the reaction the sulphuric acid is neutralized and the benzene replaced by water.ALSO:The development of static electricity on textile materials made from or containing a hydrophobic syntheitc resinous material is reduced by applying thereto an aqueous mixture containing (1) a polymerized ester of acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol and (2) from 1 to 16 per cent, based on the weight of the ester, of an oxygen-containing inorganic compound of boron, e.g. boric acid, borax, ammonium biborate and pentaborate and potassium tetraborate and pentaborate, followed by drying at elevated temperature, e.g. 70-120 DEG  C., to insolubilize the deposited polymer of polyethylene acrylate.  Synthetic resinous materials specified from which the textile materials are made are polymers of acrylonitrile and vinyl chloride and copolymers thereof with each other and other compounds such as vinyl acetate, styrene and alkyl acrylates and methacrylates.
Patent GB-1096306-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fuel elements for nuclear reactors
Inventor: SMITH THOMAS GAVIN
IPC: G21C3/36
Filed: 1964-08-28
Abstract: 1,096,306. Fuel elements. UNITED KING. DOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. Aug. 6, 1965 [Aug. 28, 1964], No. 35447/64. Heading G6C. A fuel element comprises a tubular casing enclosing a plurality of fuel-containing members held in a concentric spaced relationship to form annular coolant passageways, the casing extending beyond the ends of the members to form a common inlet duct and a common outlet duct to the passageways, apertures in the wall of the casing forming the outlet duct, and a flow diffusing member in the outlet duct, co-extensive with the apertured wall. In one embodiment (Fig. 1, not shown), four concentric fuel-containing tubes (2) are held in spaced relationship within a casing (1) to form annular coolant passages (3). The fuel tubes (2) each comprise a core of highly enriched uranium-aluminium alloy clad in aluminium. The wall of the casing (1) forming the outlet duct (5) is provided with 60 apertures (6) of 0À75 inch dia, and a flow diffusing member (7) is secured within the duct (5) to diffuse and direct the coolant towards the apertures (6). The diffusing member (7) is formed as a hollow frusto-cone open at both ends and provided with 720 holes (9) of 0À125 inch dia. This arrangement serves to minimize the turbulence induced in the moderator by the coolant flowing through the fuel element. The lower edge (10) of the diffusing member (7) is welded to the casing (1) and the upper edge (11) is centrally located within the casing (1) by integral spacers (12). The upper end of the casing (1) is provided with a flange (20) to allow the fuel element to be connected to its associated stem tube (22). The upper end of the tube (22) is provided with a flange (23), apertures (24) in the body of which give access to three conduits (25, 26, 27). Two of these conduits (25, 26) terminate within an annular coolant tank (28) integral with a bottom flange (29) on the tube (22), an extension of flange (29) forming a base (30) for the tank. Base (30) is apertured to provide spray holes (31) which register with similar holes (32) in the flange (20). Conduit (27) extends into a modified spray hole such that a thermocouple cable can be passed via conduit (27) and through flanges (29, 20) into a further thermocouple conduit (33) leading through the diffusing member (7) to a fuel tube support member. In use, the fuel element is normally provided with an experimental thimble tube (not shown) which extends axially in the central passage of the element, the main flow of coolant consequently being between the fuel tubes. If for some reason the upward flow of coolant is prevented or restricted, an emergency flow can be supplied via conduits (25, 26), the coolant passing through the spray holes (31, 32) and flowing over the fuel tubes below. In alternative constructions of the fuel element, fuel plates are arranged as radial or curved spokes in an annulus formed by inner and outer tubes.
Patent GB-1484382-A (GB)
Title: Progressive power ophthalmic lens
IPC: G02C7/02
Filed: 1974-08-14
Abstract: 1484382 Ophthalmic lenses AMERICAN OPTICAL CORP 14 Aug 1974 [16 Aug 1973] 35846/74 Heading G2J A progressive power ophthalmic lens having an umbilical principal meridian 52 extending in a generally vertical direction includes a viewing zone 58 between an upper distance vision zone 54 and a lower close vision zone 56, the zone 58 having a progressively increasing dioptric power from its upper boundary to its lower boundary and having vertical and horizontal axes of astigmatism to provide astigmatic correction in the laterally outer portions CEF, C'E'F'. The centre portion BFF'B' of the reading zone is of constant dioptric power while the laterally outer portions are contoured to connect smoothly with adjoining portions of the lens. The boundaries between vertically juxtaposed viewing zones may be smooth, the dioptric power changing continuously, or they may be formed by ledges which are shaped to render them substantially invisible.
Patent GB-1152667-A (GB)
Title: Treatment of Stitch-Bonded Non-Woven Fabrics with Solvents or Latent Solvents
Inventor: ATKINS HAROLD JEFFREY
IPC: D04H1/54
Filed: 1966-08-10
Abstract: 1,152,667. Treating stitch-bonded non-woven fabrics. LANTOR Ltd. 19 Oct., 1967 [10 Aug., 1966], No. 35886/66. Headings DIP and D1R. Stitch-bonded non-woven fabric is stiffened, creaseproofed and rendered dimensionally stable by treating it with a liquid containing a solvent or latent solvent for all or some of the fibres of the yarn with which the stitchbonded fabric is stitched and may also be a solvent or latent solvent for all or some of the fibres of which the web of the stitchbonded fabric is composed, the treatment being controlled so that the surfaces of the affected fibres are softened without the strength of these fibres being substantially reduced. The fabric may be an Arachne stitchbonded fabric made by stitch-knitting together an unbonded, lightly-bonded or needlepunched non-woven fibrous web with a monofilament, multi filament or spun yarn. The stitch pattern may be chain, tricot or chain and tricot combined and one side of the fabric may be raised to give a soft nap. The fibrous web of the such-bonded fabrics may be composed of cotton, viscose rayon, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride or wool fibres or a blend of two or more thereof, the web being formed by depositing the fibres on to a screen by means of an air duct, by carding, by garnetting or by cross-laying and optionally being lightly bonded by needle punching, and the stitching yarn may be composed of fibres or filaments of polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, regenerated cellulose, wool or cotton or a blend of two or more thereof. Suitable solvents for acrylonitrile polymer fibres are sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium or magnesium thiocyanate, zinc, cupric, magnesium, ferric or barium chloride, sodium, lithium, cadmium or cobaltous iodide, calcium, lithium or ferrous bromide, ethylene or propylene carbonate, dimethyl or tetramethylene sulphone or dimethyl formamide which may be dissolved in water or an organic solvent, for polyamide fibres the inorganic salts listed for acrylonitrile polymer fibres and nitric or formic acid, phenol or metacresol which may be dissolved in water or alcohol, for polyester fibres benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, dichloroacetic or trichloroacetic acid, dichlorophenol or aqueous solutions of calcium or magnesium thiocyanate, for wool alkali metal salts of thioglycolic acid or sodium sulphide and for viscose rayon dilute aqueous solutions of ferric chloride. The stitch bonded fabric may be immersed in a dilute aqueous solution of a latent solvent for the fibres of the stitching yarn, excess liquid removed by mangling, the saturated fabric dried at an elevated temperature to activate the latent solvent, washed thoroughly with water and dried.
Patent GB-1505983-A (GB)
Title: Method for applying electrodes to ceramic electrochemical gas analysers
IPC: G01N27/407
Filed: 1975-09-01
Abstract: 1505983 Solid electrolyte gas sensors BROKEN HILL PTY CO Ltd 1 Sept 1975 [2 Sept 1974] 35900/75 Heading GIN An electrode for a solid electrolyte gas sensor comprises a thin, substantially continuous layer of electrode metal of thickness from 0À08-1À5Ám bonded to the solid electrolyte and a thicker layer of electrically conductive metal of from 5-500Ám in thickness bonded to the thin layer. The thicker layer may be of porous electrode metal.  The thin layer is preferably of a noble metal. It may be formed by coating with an orgonometallic compound, raising the temperature to 650-800‹C over 2-3 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere and maintaining the highest temperature for at least 20 minutes.  The porous layer is preferably of the same metal as the electrode. It is formed by raising the temperature to 800-1000‹C over 3-4 hours and maintaining the highest temperature for at least 20 minutes. The electrode(s) may be used in oxygen sensors.
Patent GB-1023847-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for converting solar energy into electric energy
Inventor: MAGEE VINCENT
IPC: H01L31/048
Filed: 1963-09-12
Abstract: 1,023,847. Photo-electric devices. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd., and FERRANTI Ltd. Sept. 10, 1964 [Sept. 12, 1963], No. 35915/63. Addition to 955,595. Heading H1K. In a modification of the parent invention, in which a solar cell comprises a hemispherical lens which concentrates light on a PN junction in a semi-conductive body, there being no air gap between the lens and the body, a plurality of similar semi-conductor bodies arranged in a line with their junctions co-planar are provided with a single elongated lens. P-type silicon bodies 11, 12, 13, 14, Fig. 1 (not shown), each having a metallized surface 15 and an N-type layer diffused into the opposite surface and having a cross-shaped electrode 16, Fig. 3 (not shown), are connected in parallel by soldering or welding their surfaces 15 to a mild-steel strip 17, and joining their electrodes 16 together. A mounting stud 26 is joined to one end of strip 17 and the electrodes 16 are connected by strap 25 to a second stud 23 which is insulated from strip 17 by washer 24. A semicylindrical lens 27 is cast from hard transparent epoxy resin, and when the resin is semisolid the assembled strip 17 is placed parallel to the plane surface of the lens to which it is joined and encapsulated by casting a soft elastic epoxy resin block 33 round it. Alternatively the lens may be moulded or machined with a recess in its plane surface into which strip 17 is inserted and encapsulated using a soft resin. The front surface of the lens may be formed with a plurality of part-spherical regions, as indicated by broken line 35, to increase its efficiency. The electrical connections to the silicon bodies may also be provided by flexible leads independently of the mounting studs, and the bodies may be connected in series instead of in parallel.
Patent GB-1189880-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Tobacco Product
Inventor: MILLER EDWARD GIFFORD JR
IPC: A24B15/28
Filed: 1967-08-04
Abstract: 1,189,880. Treating tobacco. EASTMAN KODAK CO. 4 Aug., 1967 [5 Aug., 1966], No. 35946/67. Heading A2C. The polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon content of tobacco smoke is reduced by treatment of the tobacco leaf material that is to be smoked with from 2 to 10% by weight thereof of at least one metal salt of chloric acid. The preferred salts are those of the alkali and alakline earth metals, but other groups of metals are also specified. The salt may be applied as an aqueous solution to the tobacco which is subsequently dried, or it may be applied as a finely divided solid material.
Patent GB-947489-A (GB)
Title: A low pressure warning alarm
IPC: G08B21/18
Filed: 1960-10-20
Abstract: 947,489. Respiratory appliances. E. H. REPLOGIE. Oct. 20, 1960 [Feb. 1, 1960], No. 35955/60. Heading A5T. [Also in Division G1] A pressure alarm arranged in the supply line to breathing equipment comprises a chamber 25 supplied with pressure fluid from pipes 18, 19 through filter 20 (Figs. 1 and 3) and passage 22 and containing a diaphragm 63 with holes 71 naturally biased as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 so that a resilient pad 64 closes a restricted orifice 33. If the pressure in chamber 25 drops below a predetermined level a spring 75 urges a plunger 28 against an inclined surface 69 to bias the diaphragm 63 as shown in Fig. 7 and thus allows pressure fluid to pass through a restricted orifice 33 into a chamber 25. When pressure in chamber 25 is sufficiently high it displaces a pad 55 fixed to a piston 51 to open a passage 34. The pressure fluid then acts on the whole of the end of piston 51 causing it to move quickly outwards opening exhaust ports 58 in communication through apertures 60 with atmosphere and also causes piston 51 to strike a bell 61. As the air escapes through ports 58 a spring 52 urges piston 51 inwards until pressure has again built up sufficiently high in chamber 25 and the bell striking operation is repeated. The pressure at which the bell first strikes can be varied by altering the force of spring 75 with retainer 78.
Patent GB-428310-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in means for controlling forced draught for furnaces
IPC: F23L5/02
Filed: 1933-12-21
Abstract: 428,310. Centrifugal pumps. BAILEY, W. M., Newcastle House, Clerkenwell Close, London. Dec. 21, 1933, No. 35972. [Class 110 (i)] A shutter 5 in the suction of a centrifugal pump is maintained in the open position while the pump is working by a centrifugal governor 11. When the pump stops the shutter is closed by an adjustable spring 13. Specification 417,961, [Group XII], is referred to.