Patent GB-519315-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of lined metal vessels
IPC: B65D85/84
Filed: 1938-09-19
Abstract: 519,315. Tanks; wall coverings. I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKT.-GES. Sept. 19, 1938, Nos. 27261, 27262 and 27263. Convention dates, Sept. 17, 1937, Aug. 23, 1938, and Sept. 2, 1938. [Class 69 (i)] [Also in Groups II, X and XXII] A metal vessel is provided with a renewable lining formed of separate plates of high thermal conductivity and resistant to corrosion, the plates being in direct contact with the walls of the vessel, or there being an intermediate layer of high thermal conductivity cast or pressed in between the plates and the walls. The intermediate layer may also consist of a high conductivity cement, formed by a metal sulphide for example. The plates may consist, for example, of enamelled metal, ceramic material with a filling of material of high thermal conductivity, or of metals or alloys stable to the chemical action which they are to undergo. Ferrosilicon plates, containing at least 50 per cent. silicon may be employed, and their resistance to chemical action may be increased by heating to between 700‹ and 1,200‹C. Ceramic plates may be provided with a metallic coating so that they may be secured by soldering, or will adhere to a metallic layer cast in between them and the metal wall of the vessel. The layer may be applied by chemical, mechanical, or galvanic treatment, or by a combination of such treatments. Fig. 1 shows ceramic plates 1 provided with a metallic layer 2 applied mechanically and a further metal coating, e.g., of iron, electro-deposited on the layer 2, the plates being secured by solder or lead 4 to the metal wall 5 of the tank. Soldering may be facilitated by coating the plates and the wall with metals or alloys of different melting-points, e.g., Woods alloy and lead, the two combining to form an alloy of higher melting-point during the soldering. The gaps are filled by a chemically stable cement 6, for example a water-glass cement. The ceramic plates may contain a ferro-silicide to increase their thermal conductivity, or enamelled metal or ferro-silicide plates may be used, in which case the applied metallic layers 2, 3 may be omitted. Fig. 2 shows a construction in which the plates 1 are secured to the wall 5 by screws 8 passing into tapped holes in them, or, in the case of ceramic plates, into similar holes formed in dowels secured in the plates. A layer 4 of sheet lead, lead wool, aluminium wool, or a metal powder is compressed between the plates and the wall 5, and the joints are filled with cement 6. Alternatively, the plates and wall 5 are coated with tin or solder and the spaces behind the plates after they are secured in position are filled by casting in lead. Fig. 6 shows a modification in which the plate are secured by clamps 18 with resilient portions 20, the clamps being attached to the wall 5 by nuts and bolts. In another construction the plates are formed with projecting pins on their rear surfaces, which engage apertures in the wall of the tank and are secured by welding or by nuts screwed on to them. In another form, Fig. 4, the plates have projecting shoulders or noses 11 at the lower part of their side faces, which are welded to the tank wall, the space 4 being filled by casting in metal. Plates coated with lead may be united to a lead-coated wall by applying them by a clamp which grips them at opposite edges and by way of which an electric current is passed through them to heat them and melt the lead. In all forms, individual plates may be removed and replaced by others.