Patent GB-691006-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to carbonylation catalyst
Filed: 1950-09-01
Abstract: In an Oxo synthesis of aldehydes from olefinic compounds, CO and H2, the carbonylation catalyst is injected in the form of a non-Newtonian fluid possessing plastic flow properties comprising a dispersion of finely-divided cobalt or a cobalt compound in a liquid organic medium together with a neutral organic paste-forming material.  The catalyst metal cake from the decobalter may be ground to less than 325 mesh size in a liquid vehicle such as bottoms from the distillation of the final alcohol product, and a neutral organic paste-forming material such as paraffin wax, petrolatum or a cobalt soap concentrate added to form a paste or gel containing, for example, 50 per cent cobalt. Any cobalt-containing solid may be used in the dispersion, e.g. cobalt oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, and formate.  The products have yield values ranging from about 200-75,000 dynes/cm.2. They are normally injected at 50-150 DEG  F. and where a material having a softening or liquefying point is used, this should be in or above said range.  Dissolved catalyst injected with the feed may be used in addition to the paste, at least when starting up. The reaction is preferably effected at about 250-450 DEG  F. and 2500-3500 p.s.i. Dissolved catalyst in the product may be decomposed by heating at 300-400 DEG  F., for example in hydrogen, and the purified product hydrogenated to alcohol.  Distillation yields a heads cut of hydrocarbons, useful as a gasoline blending agent, a main alcohol cut, and a bottoms which is used as a vehicle for the recovered cobalt.  This may be roasted and, optionally, reduced again before grinding with the vehicle. Examples relate to the conversion of C7 olefins.  Other olefins and diolefins including styrene, and polymers such as di- and tri-isobutylene, hexene and heptene dimers are referred to.  Specification 651,144 is referred to.ALSO:In an oxo synthesis of aldehydes from olefinic compounds, CO and H2, the carbonylation catalyst is injected in the form of a non-Newtonian fluid possessing plastic flow properties comprising a dispersion of finely divided cobalt, or a cobalt compound in a liquid organic medium together with a neutral organic paste-forming material.  The catalyst metal cake from the decobalter may be ground to less than 325 mesh size in a liquid vehicle such as bottoms from the distillation of the final alcohol product, and a neutral organic paste-forming material such as paraffin wax, petrolatum or a cobalt soap concentrate added to form a paste or gel containing, for example, 50 per cent cobalt. Any cobalt-containing solid may be used in the dispersion, e.g. cobalt oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, and formate.  The products have yield values ranging from about 200-75000 dynes/cm.2 They are normally injected at 50-150 DEG F and where a material having a softening or liquefying point is used, this should be in or above said range.  Dissolved catalyst injected with the feed may be used in addition to the paste, at least when starting up.  The reaction is preferably effected at about 250-450 DEG F and 2500-3500 p.s.i.  Dissolved catalyst in the product may be decomposed by heating at 300-400 DEG F, for example in hydrogen, and the purified product hydrogenated to alcohol.  Distillation yields a heads cut of hydrocarbon, useful as a gasoline blending agent, a main alcohol cut, and a bottoms which is used as a vehicle for the recovered cobalt. This may be roasted and, optionally, reduced again before grinding with the vehicle.  Specification 651,144, [Group IV(b)], is referred to.