Patent GB-190007425-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Apparatus for the Production of Ice and Cold
Inventor: TELLIER CHARLES
Filed: 1900-04-21
Granted: 1901-05-18
Abstract: 7425. Tellier, C. April 21. Ice-making and refrigerating.-Relates to machinery of the ammonia absorption type in which a supersaturated solution of ammonia, instead of liquefied ammonia, is produced and used, and also relates to the pumps, condensers, evaporators, ice tanks and moulds, ice-lifting apparatus, and other details, reference being made to Specification No. 17,828, A.D. 1895. One general arrangement of the plant is shown in Fig. 2, in which D is a desaturator, C a supersaturator, A an evaporator or freezer, and B an absorber. Pumps J, K circulate the weak and strong liquor between the vessels B, D and between A, C respectively, and the circuits include the heat-exchangers E, F. Another pump L transfers any excess of liquid from the saturator C to the desaturator D. The pump I circulates the uncongealable liquid, and the pump H maintains a vacuum in the absorber B and evaporator A. In another form, the gas pump has two cylinders, with an intermediate cooling- arrangement, and another cooling-arrangement between the second cylinder and the saturator, so that the gas is passed successivelythrough them on its way from the absorber B to the saturator C. Fig. 12 is given as an example of the construction of the desaturator D. The strong liquid flows downwards over the plates, and the gas, rising upwards, is caused to bubble through the descending liquid by means of the bells and short pipes q<3>, p<3>. The liquid in the bottom is heated by steam pipes, of which two coils k<3>, l<3> are here shown. One may be fed with exhaust steam from the motor, and the other with steam from the boiler ; the condensed water from this coil may be used for making ice. Other arrangements than the bells shown may he used for washing the gas in the desaturator, such as pebbles or metal scrap &c. over which the liquid and gas flow in opposite directions, or the two arrangements may be combined. The desaturator may be made in several connected parts, and examples suitable for various sizes of machines are given in the Specification. Fig. 7 is a section of one form of absorber or saturator, in which the gas enters through the pipe V and is led by the pipes h<11>, i<11> under the layer of liquor which has accumulated after being sprayed in through a pipe over tubes t<1>, through which cool water is circulated. These pipes t<1> are connected up in series, and partly filled with wooden cores, to leave an annular passage for the cooling-agent. The evaporators or freezers are similar, only strong liquor is sprayed over the pipes, through which brine is circulated to be cooled. Other forms of saturators or supersaturators are also described, in which the gas, after passing through a rectifier, is caused to bubble through a volume of the liquor kept cool by coils. The heat-exchangers used are forms of counter current appliances built with plates or otherwise. Fig. 24 is a section of one form of gas pump used for exhausting and compressing the gas. The piston c<5> works between chambers d<3>, d<5>, containing petroleum, and drives the gas through a vessel containing a float l<5>, which lifts the valve to return any deposited oil to the cylinder. Cooling-coils h<5>, and wire-gauze plates are placed in the tops of the chambers d<5>. The Specification also mentions gas pumps having cooling-ribs outside their cylinders, and also pumps placed inside a gas-tight chamber. The ice is frozen in moulds o<8>, Fig. 40, in the tank to which cold brine is supplied by a number of perforated pipes j<8>. The moulds are lifted by a hydraulic cylinder and rope gear on a traveller, and a drip-catching tray m<8> is swung under them. The traveller is connected by steel bands d<9> to a piston working in the cylinder c<9>, so that the moulds may be brought to the tank r<8>, or to the filling-pipe a<0>, or to the tilting table p<8> for discharging the ice. In the tank r<8> the ice is thawed out from the moulds by the warmth from the coil s<8>, through which water to be frozen is passed to be cooled. Instead of freezing ice in moulds, it may be produced by supplying the water to be frozen on to the sides of the flat vessel, Fig. 47, through which cold brine is circulated. The Specification also mentions an arrangement for acting as a coldaccumulator or preventing access of heat. It consists of a brine coil placed in a vessel filled with water or other liquid. A hand-driven machine is also described as a compact machine for ship or other purposes ; the pump is mounted on the top of a standard enclosing or forming the absorber, exchanger, and freezer.