Patent GB-191500105-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in Photographic Type-composing Machines.
Inventor: BAWTREE ALFRED EDWIN
IPC: B41B17/02
Filed: 1915-01-04
Abstract: 105. Bawtree, A. E. Jan. 4. Enlarging, copying, and reducing. - Relates to typographical composing- machines in which characters on a negative are photographed in order of composition on a sensitized surface. (1) The characters are arranged, as shown in Fig. 5, on a disk-negative C in such a manner that the rectangles bounding the characters touch radii of the disk on one side, and the bases of the characters are tangential to a common circle; or if two sets or cases of characters are provided, each set is tangential to a common circle. The characters are also so arranged that, when any selected character is in position for photographing, the side referred to above and the base intersect on the axis of the lens. (2) The disk C is secured to a rotatable plate A provided with two circles of index characters and alining- apertures corresponding to the characters on the disk, the characters being read by a pointer A<1>, and the aperatures engaging an alining-pin D. The plate A is secured to a shaft E journaled in a sliding block F, which is guided by the standard X and can be shifted to change from the inner to the outer r circle of characters by depressing a pedal connected by a chain and a lever C<2> to the block. The shift mechanism may be arranged to vary the scale of enlargement. (3) The negative C, the lens L<2>, and the holder Q for the sensitized material are interconnected in such a manner that the scale of enlargement or reduction can be altered by a single adjustment, the mechanism consisting of a disk or crank J, Fig. 2, and a cam J<3>, which are mounted on the same pivot and are connected by a link J<2> and a cord J<4> respectively to the movable elements. In the machine shown, the disk and the cam are mounted on the standard X of the negative and are connected to sleeves M', R<3>, which are movable on a rod M and carry the lens and the sensitized-material holder respectively. A spring arranged between the lens standard and the holder maintains the cord taut. The disk J is provided with a scale of enlargement and can be locked in the adjusted position by a pin. The illuminating system may be connected to the optical system described above in such a manner that evenness of illumination is obtained and the intensity is adjusted according to the scale of enlargement. (4) The spacing of the characters on the sensitized material is controlled by a disk H, which is connected or geared to the negative-disk C and is provided with projections or pins H<1>, H', &c., or recesses, of graded length, angular position, or the like corresponding to the size of the characters on the negative disk. This mechanism may operate a lever device L<3>, described below, which automatically alters the spacing in accordance with the scale of enlargement. The machine shown uses film as a sensitized material, the film passing between spools in the holder Q, which is movable for spacing on rails R', R<2> secured to the sleeve R<3>. The lever L<3> is pivoted at L' on the lens standard L, and engages a slide P<3> and a rack Q' which engages a pawl V<2> on the holder Q. A detent V<1> on the holder engages a fixed rack Q'. A sliding wedge P<2> engaging the rod P<3> is operated from a lever P by the agency of a screw P<1>, the movement of which is adjustably limited by the engagement of a lever P<4> with one of the pins H<1>. These pins are equal to a constant length minus the width of the corresponding character on the negative-disk. The slide P<3>, the pivot L<1>, and the rack Q<2> are in the planes of the negative-disk, and the nodal point of the lens and the film respectively. The rack Q<2> engages the lever by means of a vice Q<3>, Fig. 4, adjustable by a micrometer screw Q<4>, the amount of lost motion in the vice modifying the normal spacing movement due to the lever. The movement can be modified further by altering the width of the lever and also by providing an adjustable back-stop for the screw P' or other part between the lever P and the side P<3>. (5) The film is wound forward to receive a new line by operating a graduated knob S connected to rollers carrying the film. A shield T<1>, Fig. 2, on a lever T normally prevents the knob from being read. (6) At the completion of each line, a mechanism punches holes or prints register marks at each end of the completed or the new line, and also numbers the line. In the mechanism shown, punches and numbering-mechanism are operated by the lever T, this being connected to a slide V, which is adapted to release the pawls V, V<2> by means of pins working in a V-slot V<3>. At the end of a line, the lever T is moved to the position shown in Fig. 2 to release the carriage from the pawls. The carriage is then returned and the knob S rotated, and on release of the lever, it is returned by a spring T<2> and the punches and numbering-mechanism are operated. (7) The lamp for effecting exposure is in circuit with a pneumatic switch P<6>, which is operated by the slide P<3> and connects the current for a fixed time, whatever movement is imparted to the slide. (8) An alarm, such as an electric bell Q<5>, Fig. 4, mounted on the rack Q', is operated at or near lineend. (9) The characters photographed on the film may be broken up into line, dot, or stipple by means of a negative or dia-positive arranged at some point in the optical system. Preferably, a series of designs are arranged on a film carried by spools, which are mounted in a frame K and can be rotated by knobs K', the film being almost in contact with the selected character on the negative disk. The frame K is mounted in a graduated tube K<2>, which can be rotated and clamped in a split ring K<3>, the arrangement enabling the designs to be set at an angle. (10) The machme rests on three spherical feet U and is secured to a base by bolts U<1> passing through lugs on the frame of the machine. To prevent distortion, sleeves U<2> passing through enlarged apertures in the lugs are arranged between the nuts and the base. (11) The sensitized surface may be glass or metal plate, or lithographic stone when justification is unnecessary, or flexible material such as film, card, or paper if justification is necessary ; in the last case, the material is cut up into lines, and these are cut up and spaced apart by hand. The apparatus described in Specification 923/15 may be employed in assembling and photographing the justified matter.