Patent GB-735051-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in resin compositions
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1952-08-18
Abstract: Fabrics, fibres and yarns are printed or impregnated with an aqueous emulsion comprising (1) a latex of an organophilic thermoplastic resin, e.g. polymethyl methacrylate or a copolymer of butadiene-acrylonitrile, butadiene-styrene, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride or vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile, and (2) an aqueous emulsion of a water-insoluble resin obtained by mixing with an emulsifier in aqueous medium a copolymer of styrene and an acid ester of an a ,b -unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, e.g. a partial sec.-butyl or methylamyl ester of maleic, itaconic or fumaric acid, or the interaction product of such a copolymer with a thermosetting resin, and thereafter neutralizing, e.g. with ammonium hydroxide, the carboxyl groups remaining in the copolymer.  Pigments such as phthalocyanine green or blue or carbon black may be present. Examples describe the application of emulsions containing the above pigments dispersed in water with a sulphonated phenol-aldehyde resin, a copolymer of styrene and sec.-butyl acid maleate dissolved in a xylol-butanol mixture, and a butadieneacrylonitrile copolymer with sodium oleate as a suspension agent.  The resin may be cured by passing the coated material, preferably while still wet, into an acid bath, e.g. 5-20 per cent acetic acid, at a temperature of 80-100 DEG C. for cotton, rayon, nylon, "Dynel" (Registered Trade Mark), "Orlon" (Registered Trade Mark) and wool; oxalic, hydrochloric or sulphuric acid in equivalent proportions may also be used.  An alkaline bath, e.g. sodium hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate, may be used for "Dynel," cotton or "Orlon."  Immersion in a hot aqueous salt bath, e.g. sodium chloride or sulphate at 15-25 per cent concentration, may be combined with the curing stage, to improve the bonding and brilliance.  The material is finally rinsed and dried or, if a thermosetting resin is present, a further heating step may be performed.ALSO:An aqueous emulsion comprises a mixture of a latex of an organophilic thermoplastic resin, e.g. butadiene-acrylonitrile, butadiene-styrene, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride and vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymers, and polymethyl methacrylate, with an aqueous emulsion of a water-insoluble resin resulting from mixing with an emulsifier in aqueous medium copolymers of styrene and an acid ester of an a ,b -unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, e.g. a partial sec.-butyl or methyl-amyl ester of maleic, itaconic or fumaric acid, or the interaction product of such copolymers with a thermosetting resin, and thereafter neutralizing, e.g. with ammonium hydroxide, the carboxyl groups remaining on the copolymer constituent.  The thermosetting resin may be a sulphonated phenol-formaldehyde, butylated melamine-, triazine- or urea-formaldehyde, unalkylated urea-formaldehyde or a thermo-setting alkyd resin.  Suitable emulsifying agents are oleic acid neutralized with triethanolamine, an alkyl aryl polyether alcohol, alkali metal or ammonium oleates, or stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. Pigments such as phthalocyanin green or blue or carbon black may also be present.  Examples describe the preparation of emulsions containing the above pigments dispersed in water with a sulphonated phenol-formaldehyde resin, a copolymer of styrene and a partial sec.-butyl maleate dissolved in a xylol-butanol mixture, and a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer with sodium oleate as a suspension agent.  The emulsions may be applied to natural or synthetic fabric materials, including paper, and are cured in aqueous acidic or alkaline baths, rinsed in water, and finally in a hot aqueous neutral salt solution.  If a thermosetting resin is present in the emulsion a heat-curing stage is included.