Patent GB-1170248-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Control Circuits for Static Convertors
Inventor: AINSWORTH JOHN DESMOND
IPC: H02M7/15
Filed: 1966-05-06
Abstract: 1,170,248. Converting. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. 4 May, 1967 [6 May, 1966], No. 20279/66. Heading H2F. [Also in Division G3] In a circuit for controlling the conduction angle of controlled rectifiers in a converter, a sawtooth voltage is developed, the slope or frequency of which is dependent on the error between the required and actual output of the converter, firing pulses being developed from the sawtooth voltage so as to reduce said error and a control circuit for ensuring that the firing angle is within predetermined minimum and maximum limits. The invention is applicable to control of a three-phase bridge (Fig. 1, not shown) of mercury pool or thyristor rectifiers in an HVDC transmission system or in a D.C. motor control system for a rolling mill. The controlled quantity may be D.C. voltage, current or power; A.C. power or phase angle or speed of a D.C. motor. As shown in Fig. 2, the upper and lower limits of the firing angle a are determined in blocks 15 to which is fed a sine wave derived from the A.C. side which is delayed at 35 by 5 degrees then squared at 36 and differentiated at 37 to provide positive pulses corresponding to the desired minimum firing angle. These pulses trigger a bi-stable circuit 38, the output of which is fed to an AND circuit 39. The input sine wave is also fed to a phase reversal circuit 41 followed by a 10 degrees advance at 42 before being squared at 43 and differentiated at 44, the resulting positive pulses occurring at the desired maximum firing angle and are fed to AND circuit 39. A D.C. amplifier 19 determines the difference between the actual output and the required output (as set on potentiometer 20) and control the rate of rise of output voltage of a Miller integrator 21. When the output of integrator 21 reaches a threshold level, bi-stable circuit 22 is triggered so as to allow the AND gate 23 to pass the output of bi-stable circuit 38 via an OR circuit 24 to a pulse generator 25, 26, the output of which resets the integrator 21 and is distributed by a ring counter 16 and OR circuit 46 to the control electrodes of the six main rectifiers. The firing angle is thus determined by the slope of the output from integrator 21 (or frequency of pulses derived therefrom) which in turn depends on the error between required and actual output quantities. A separate control circuit 15 is provided for each main converting element, co-operating with a single firing pulse generator 14 which thus operates at six times the supply frequency when employed with a three-phase bridge system. Minimum firing angle.-If potentiometer 20 is set so as to demand a converter output greater than its maximum, the output from integrator 21 rises rapidly to its threshold value and allows AND gate 23 to pass a pulse at the time of the minimum firing angle (5 degrees). Integrator 21 is thus reset at this time. Maximum firing angle.-If potentiometer 20 is set in an attempt to provide an exceptionally low output (e.g. when operating as an inverter), the output from amplifier 19 is so low that the output from integrator 21 never reaches the threshold imposed by bi-stable circuit 22. The AND circuit 23 is thus never opened and a firing pulse is developed from the maximum firing angle pulse produced in circuit 44. This pulse is fed via OR circuit 24 to trigger the main converting elements and to reset integrator 21.