baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-829043-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production by extrusion of metal filaments
Inventor: FARMER HAROLD OATRIDGE
IPC: B21C29/00
Filed: 1957-01-23
Abstract: 829,043. Extruding. COURTAULDS Ltd. Jan. 22, 1958 [Jan. 23, 1957], No. 2390/57. Class 83 (4). Metal filaments 10 are produced by extruding a rod or bar 1 of metal through a die 5 of heat-resistant non- metallic material having one or more orifices 8, after heating the rod by a high-frequency induction heating coil 9 surrounding the die orifice, the extruded filaments passing through a sleeve 6 fed through ports 11 with an inert or reducing gas such as argon for cooling the filaments and preventing oxidation. The rod may be of high carbon steel and is pushed by a feed mechanism through a guide tube 2 lined with washers 3 and spacers 4. The heating coil 9 is supplied with current from a high-frequency generator. The tube 2, die 5 and sleeve 6 are made of a ceramic consisting mainly of sintered aluminium oxide. The filament may be wound on a spool or pass directly through a cold-drawing device.
Patent GB-681532-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in alternating-current track-circuit signalling systems for electric railways
IPC: B61L23/16
Filed: 1951-01-31
Abstract: 681,532. Railway signalling systems. FORGES ET ATELIERS DE CONSTRUCTIONS ELECTRIQUES DE JEUMONT. Jan. 31, 1951. [Feb. 1, 1950; May 8, 1950] No. 2413/51. Class 105. In an alternating-current track-circuit signalling system for electric railways having the track-circuit current source S applied through a winding t<SP>2</SP> transformer-coupled with the usual impedance bond A<SP>1</SP> B<SP>1</SP> and having the track relay R receiving current through a like transformer coupling with the impedance bond A<SP>1</SP> B<SP>1</SP> at the other end of the section, the insulated joints between the track sections each comprise two plates 9, 10 of insulating material with a middle metal plate 7 electrically connected to the mid points of the adjoining impedance bonds A<SP>1</SP> B<SP>1</SP>, A<SP>2</SP> B<SP>2</SP> of the two track sections. A defect in the insulation will thus give a shunt across some one A<SP>2</SP>, B2, A<SP>1</SP>, B<SP>1</SP> of the half windings of the impedance bonds and will thus, if A<SP>2</SP> is shunted, short circuit the track-circuit alternating current supply or, if A<SP>1</SP> is shunted, will drop the track relay. In either case no dangerous condition will arise since the effect will be to give a stop signal to an approaching train. The circuit to the track relay from the transformer winding t<SP>1</SP> may include the metal plates of the insulated joints and the various wires connecting these plates to the impedance bonds, Fig. 4 (not shown).
Patent GB-545792-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of glass yarn or thread
IPC: D02G3/18
Filed: 1941-02-22
Abstract: 545,792. Glass yarns or threads. CLARK THREAD CO. Feb. 22, 1941, No. 2425. Convention date, March 14, 1940. [Class 120 (iii)] [Also in Group IV] A glass yarn or thread consists of a large number of ends each comprising many fine filaments all twisted together and then impregnated with latex whereafter the impregnated thread is subjected to heat and pressure. The thread may be passed through the circular orifice of a heated die so that it is compressed.
Patent GB-694952-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to flexible cupreous articles
IPC: H01B3/46
Filed: 1950-01-31
Abstract: A cupreous surface is treated with an oxide remover and inhibitor and then an adherent layer comprising a curable organosiloxane and a filler is applied thereto.  Specified removers are phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulphuric acid and specified inhibitors are chromium trioxide, sodium nitrite, sodium potassium, lithium, and ferrous chromates and sodium and potassium dichromates. Specified fillers are titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, calcium carbonate, various silicas, lithopone and magnesium oxide.  Specified organopolysiloxanes are those disclosed in Specifications 594,481, [Group IV], 618,452, 629,486, 629,642, 640,067, 658,640, 676,464, [all in Group IV(a)].  Cure accelerators such as benzoyl peroxide and zirconylnitrate may be present in the siloxane.  The surface of the coated copper may be protected by an easily strippable sheet of material such as cellulose acetate or regenerated cellulose.  Copper electrical conductors may be treated by the process of the invention. Specifications 592,018, [Group IV], 659,445, [Group IV(a)], and 694,953, [Group X], also are referred to.
Patent GB-649907-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in, or relating to, the manufacture of shoes
IPC: A43D11/12
Filed: 1948-01-28
Abstract: 649,907. Positioning soles and heels for attachment to shoes. BATA, NARODNI PODNIK. Jan. 28, 1948, No. 2535. Convention date. Feb. 20, 1947. [Classes 17(i), 17(ii) and 89(iii)] A device 6 shaped to the heel end of a shoe upper and with a groove 7 therein corresponding in shape and size to a tongue 11 formed at the rear end of the sole 10 is engaged with the heel end of the upper, so that shoulders 8 at the front of the groove 7 engage with shoulders 12 at the root of the tongue 11, to locate the sole in correct position for attachment to the upper, in which position it is secured by two staples or nails, for instance. A set of such devices 8 of different sizes may be mounted adjustably on arms 5 on the frame of a stapling machine, as shown. The apparatus permits soles 10 having accurately cut tongues 11 and shoulders 12 to be used without requiring a trimming operation onthe sole before application of the heel to the rear end of the sole.
Patent GB-585259-A (GB)
Title: Contact device for gas-blast circuit breaker
IPC: H01H33/12
Filed: 1945-02-01
Abstract: 585,259. Gas-blast switches; actuation of switches. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and ROBERTS, A. D'A. Feb. 1, 1945, No. 2582. [Class 38 (v)] A pneumatically-actuated gas-blast circuit breaker comprises a main movable contact 1 biassed by a spring 4, so that the cylindrical wall 1a engages the conical surface 3a of the fixed contact at lb. An auxiliary movable contact 5 connected to the contact 1 by leads 14, is biassed by a spring 6 so that it engages the fixed contact 3 at 5b. When compressed gas is admitted through a port 10b to a piston 1c, the contact 1 separates from the fixed contact, and a retaining ring 1f on contact 1 strikes a flange 5c on contact 5, and moves the auxiliary contact rapidly away from the fixed contact.
Patent GB-1097261-A (GB)
Title: Process for production of boehmite
IPC: C23G1/12
Filed: 1965-01-20
Abstract: A boehmite layer is formed on aluminium by contacting with water, at a temperature between 75 and 100 DEG C., containing a salt of monobasic acid and an ammonium derivative or an amine.  The resultant pH is 4 to 7.  The aluminium surface is first cleaned, and oxide is removed using a suphuric acid, chromic acid compound and boric acid compound as described in Specification 1,097,262. The ammonia derivative may be the hydroxide, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, guandine, hydroxyethylhydrazine, trishydroxymethylaminoethane, anilene, melamine, morpholine, and piperidene.  The monobasic acid may be inorganic e.g. nitric or hydrochloric or organic, e.g. formic, acetic, propionic, butyric or sulphonic.  The boehmite coating may be given a chromate rinse. The process may be used to seal coatings formed by anodically oxidizing in e.g. sulphuric, oxalic or chromic acid.  In an example a bath containing 0.5 to 0.75% of b -hydroxyethylhydrazine acetate (pH 5.5) at 210 DEG F. is used.ALSO:Boehmite is prepared by contacting aluminium with water, at a temperature between 75 DEG  and 100 DEG  C., containing a salt of monobasic acid and an ammonium derivative or an amine.  The resultant pH is 4 to 7.  The aluminium surface is first cleaned, and oxide is removed using a sulphuric acid, chromic acid compound and boric acid compound as described in Specification 1,097,262. The ammonia derivative may be the hydroxide, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, guanidine, hydroxyethylhydrazine, trishydroxymethylaminoethane, aniline, melamine, morpholine, and piperidine.  The monobasic acid may be inorganic, e.g. nitric or hydrochloric or organic, e.g. formic, acetic, propionic, butyric or sulphonic.  The boehmite coating may be given a chromate rinse.
Patent GB-349991-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the conversion of hydrocarbons having a high-boiling point into hydrocarbons having a lower boiling point
Filed: 1930-01-25
Abstract: <PICT:0349991/III/1> p  In the destructive hydrogenation of high-boiling hydrocarbons in the presence of a molybdenum catalyst and a promoter, a curve showing the relation between the atomic percentage of promoter used and the percentage of the hydrogenation product boiling below 180 DEG  exhibits a marked peak.  The invention consists in using a percentage of promoter such that the increase in activity of the catalyst above that of unpromoted molybdenum is 50 per cent or more of the maximum increase as shown at the peak. Promoters specified are silicon, boron, phosphorus, lithium, calcium, and the metals, alkaline earth metals, metalloids or solid non-metallic elements (other than sulphur) lighter in atomic weight than chromium.  The molybdenum and the promoters may be used as elements or compounds.  Two or more promoters may be used together. Some promoters, such as silicon, exhibit two peaks, A, B, with an intermediate region wherein the promoter action is negative.  The catalyst mixtures may be made by making a paste of the finely divided molybdenum catalyst with a solution or colloidal suspension of the promoter.  The paste is forced through a die to form threads which are dried.  Examples of the treatment of various materials are given.
Patent GB-103545-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Terminals for Electrical Machinery and Appliances.
Inventor: HADFIELD FREDERICK JOSEPH
IPC: H01R4/48
Filed: 1916-02-23
Abstract: 103,545. Hadfield, F. J. Feb. 23, 1916. Terminals.-A pillar 1 having one or more flared perforations 2 is provided with a flared sleeve for directly clamping one or more conductors round the curvec surfaces of the flared perforations in such manner that the con ductors are corre spondingly bent or kinked. The sliding sleeve or collar may be controlled by a nut 5 or by a spring upon the pillar; or a nut may be used in combination with a spring; or a screwed collar with a flared or dished end may be employed. The pillar may have a bevelled head, and may also be fitted with a screw-threaded shank, so that the terminal can be screwed into position. To facilitate the connexion of conductors at a point between their ends, the pillar may be slotted at one side, as shown at 9, Fig. 7, so that the conductor can be slipped through the slot into the flared perforation. The collar may be upon the upper part instead of upon the lower part of the pillar, and to form a permanent joint or connexion, solder may be poured into the collar. According to the Provisional Specification, instead of using a pin 4, a collar or a broadheaded set-screw may be used to prevent the clamping-collar from being forced off the pillar by the spring when the terminal is not in use.
Patent GB-399171-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in compositions containing artificial filament-forming substances and products made therefrom
IPC: D01F2/28
Filed: 1932-01-29
Abstract: Artificial filaments, threads, yarns, and like materials are obtained from compositions containing two or more filament-forming substances of substantially the same chemical nature but of widely differing viscosity characteristics.  The filaments may be obtained by extruding the compositions into an evaporative medium or into a coagulating liquid.  The filament-forming substances may be mixtures of two cellulose acetates, formates, propionates, butyrates, nitrates, nitro-acetates, or xanthates, or two methyl, ethyl, or benzyl celluloses, or two modifications of cellulose dissolved in cuprammonium solution, or two polymerized vinyl acetates, or other poly-vinyl esters or ethers, or two condensation products of the same chemical nature.  The two substances must have the same groups within their molecules.  In the case of cellulose esters, the acidyl contents of the two esters of different viscosities should preferably be the same or nearly so.  The solvent employed is preferably one in which either or both of the filament-forming substances give solutions of minimum viscosity, or it may be one in which the mixture of the two substances gives a solution of minimum viscosity.  A mixture of two cellulose acetates may be dissolved in aqueous acetone, the proportion of water being such that a solution of minimum viscosity is obtained.  For the production of low viscosity constituents one or more of the required operations are carried out so that degradation of the cellulose molecules takes place.  In the production of low-viscosity cellulose acetate, degradation may be effected by raising the temperature above that normally employed in the acid pretreatment step, or in the acetylation, or in the subsequent ripening, or the formed ester may be heated with water under pressure.  Low-viscosity cellulose ethers may be obtained by raising the temperature of etherification or the proportion of alkali to water.  Viscoses of different viscosities may be obtained by varying the time of ripening of the alkali-cellulose, or of the viscose itself.  Celluloses of different viscosities in cuprammonium or other solutions may be obtained by varying the conditions of treatment with mercerizing, or oxidizing agents, or with mineral acids.  The spinning solutions may contain lustre-modifying or other additions.  The filaments may be subjected to swelling, stretching, dyeing, loading, delustring, creping, and other treatments. Specifications 207,562, 326,515, [both in Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], and 370,430 are referred to.  The Provisional Specifications describe also the use of spinning solutions containing mixtures of filament-forming substances of different chemical nature such as a mixture of a cellulose ester with a cellulose ether, or a cellulose derivative with a poly-vinyl compound.
Patent GB-567034-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrically heated sad-irons
IPC: D06F75/26
Filed: 1942-03-03
Abstract: 567,034. Temperature - responsive actuating-elements. DEHN, F. B. (Chicago Flexible Shaft Co.). March 3, 1942, No. 2806. [Class 64 (ii)] [Also in Groups XI, XXXII and XXXVII] An electric iron embodies the thermostat described in Specification 564,991. In a modification, Figs. 6- 10 (not shown), the thermostat comprises the tapered portion 29 only, the serpentine portion 32 being omitted, whereby snap action of the strip is not obtained. The frequency of the " on " and " off " cycle of the switch is controlled by the intentional introduction of a time lag by the use of thinner material and by the introduction of a step 73 in the strip, whereby part of the strip is more remote from the sole plate. More restraint to the angular movement of the free end is then necessary and is obtained by shaping the strip as in Fig. 11, the reduced portion 74 replacing the serpentine portion. This modification employs only a single pair of contact points, the movable contact on the spring being connected by a flexible silver strip to a fixed bar.
Patent GB-1423074-A (GB)
Title: Signal generating circuit
IPC: H03K5/1252
Filed: 1974-01-21
Abstract: 1423074 Measuring speed electrically FORD MOTOR CO Ltd 21 Jan 1974 [5 Feb  1973] 02833/74 Heading G1N [Also in Division H3] A threshold circuit producing an output which switches between two levels dependent on the presence or absence of an input pulse comprises a comparator 38 having a signal input 36, and a reference input 44, the reference signal being controlled in dependence upon an immediately preceding input pulse, and also having its value switched in dependence on the state of the output. Where no input pulse is present on 36, the output level is such as to hold transistor 54 cut off. Presence of an input pulse turns on transistor 54 to switch resistor 52 in parallel with resistor 42, thus changing the threshold voltage across resistor 42 derived from current source I B2 . A further current source I C  is controlled in dependence on the amplitude of the immediately preceding pulse to further modify the voltage across resistor 42. The output pulses are shaped by a pulse shaper 58, e.g. a monostable. As described with reference to Fig. 3 (not shown), the comparator is a long tailed pair (150, 152) and the current sources , I B1 , I B2 , I B3  comprise current mirrors (100, 132). The input to the circuit is derived from a magnetic transducer 10 sensing a discontinuity 14 on a member 12.
Patent GB-840626-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to control means for aircraft
Inventor: HEWSON COLIN TAYLOR
IPC: B64C29/00
Filed: 1957-01-25
Abstract: 840,626. Controlling direct-lift aircraft. ROLLS-ROYCE Ltd. Jan. 17, 1958 [Jan. 25, 1957], No. 2877/57. Class 4. In a direct lift aircraft means are provided for controlling the aircraft both in pitch and yaw during vertical or low speed flight. The aircraft comprises a fuselage 10, wings 11, tail unit 12, 13, a main gas turbine engine 14 which exhausts through a jet pipe 16 and a forwardpropulsion nozzle 17 and smaller, auxiliary gasturbine engines 18 which exhaust downwardly through an outlet 20 to provide direct lift. The engines 18 may be fixed or they may swing about transverse axes to produce a propulsive lift component in addition to direct lift. The jet pipe 16 is divided into upstream and downstream portions 16a, 16b axially spaced by a structure 21 provided with square outlets 22 which face upwardly and downwardly and also provided with an axially movable sleeve valve 23 operated by a jack 24 to close the gap between portions 16a and 16b and also provided with flap valve elements 25 which hinge about a pivot 26 to open or (as shown) to close the jet nozzle 17. Each outlet 22 is provided with pairs of hinged flaps 28a, 28b which may partly or wholly open or partly or wholly close one or the other outlet 22 to provide pitching control of the aircraft or the flaps may be moved in pairs to inclined intermediate positions to incline the direction of discharge of the jet from outlets 22, thereby providing yawing control of the aircraft. The mechanism for operating the flaps 28a, 28b comprises connecting rods 30, 35, bellcranks 31, 35a, rods 32, 36 a differential gear mechanism 34 and jacks 49, 51.
Patent GB-354216-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to alloys of palladium, silver and copper
IPC: C22F1/14
Filed: 1930-01-28
Abstract: Alloys having a high resistance to tarnish and corrosion and particularly suitable for dental purposes and for heat and electricity conductors consist of about 25-98 per cent of palladium, about 1-50 per cent of copper, and not less than 1 per cent of silver which substantially constitutes the remainder.  The alloy is substantially free from iron and analogous metals that impair the ductility, but small amounts of other elements may be present.  For example, castings may be improved by the presence of a dioxidizer such as manganese, zinc, silicon, boron, magnesium or calcium or compounds thereof, such as about 0,2 per cent of calcium boride.  A method of heat treating the alloy comprises heating it above 700 DEG C. and below the melting-point and quickly cooling, or alternatively annealing above 700 DEG  C. and cooling in a medium such as diatomaceous earth or the material known under the registered Trade Mark "Silocel."  The alloys may be age-hardened by water quenching from above 700 DEG  C. and heating at 350-550 DEG  C., 450 DEG  C., for 15-60 minutes followed by slow cooling.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes also alloys containing less than 25 per cent of palladium and alloys which contain, in addition to the palladium, copper, and silver, small amounts of noble metals such as gold, platinum, and rhodium and up to 4 per cent of base metals such as nickel and cobalt.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted. Alloys containing less than 25 per cent of palladium with copper and silver constituting principally the remainder now form the subject of Specification 354,239.
Patent GB-284590-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the planes and control surfaces of aircraft
IPC: B64C9/20
Filed: 1928-01-30
Abstract: 284,590. Theis, K. Jan. 29, 1927, [Convention date]. Planes, construction of; steering and balancing. - Planes or control surfaces formed with fixed or adjustable nozzlelike openings such as 2, Fig. 1, are mounted cn the aircraft body by means of one or more supporting-members, the inclination and position of which relatively to the longitudinal and vertical axis of the body may be varied. The surfaces of the openings 2, 4, Fig. I, are fixed relatively to the plane 1 which constitutes the adjustable supporting-member, but movable surfaces 14, 17, 18, Fig. II, having openings between them, may be connected by arms 15, 16 pivoted at 19, 20 so as to be adjustable relatively to the movable supporting member or plane 14. A plane 24, Fig. IV, may carry one or more pivoted movable members 24 - - 27 and in some cases the movable members may be mounted to slide on the plane. In the arrangement shown in Fig. VII, two movable surfaces 38, 39 are mounted on and pass through a fuselage 49. The surface 38 is pivoted at 42 at one edge, the other edge being guided by a pin 43 working in a guide 44. The surface 39 has pins 45, 47 at both edges working in guides 46, 48. The adjustable supporting members are constituted by hollow bodies separated from the planes 38, 39 on each side of rigid partitions, the surfaces of the supporting members forming continuations of the surfaces of the planes 38, 39. In order to take up the stresses transmitted from the planes, the supporting members are strengthened by internal reinforcing members.
Patent GB-740909-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to aerofoil blade assemblies
Inventor: CUTLER WILLIAM RICHARD
IPC: F01D5/18
Filed: 1953-02-02
Abstract: 740,909. Making compressor and turbine blade assemblies. BRISTOL AEROPLANE CO., Ltd. Feb. 2, 1954 [Feb. 2, 1953], No. 2940/53. Class 83 (2). [Also in Group XXVI] A hollow sheet-metal aerofoil blade 1 is attached to a carrier member 10 by forming a perforation in the latter to receive the end of the blade, spot-welding or riveting an angle-section attachment member 11, 12 to the carrier member so that the end of the upstanding flange of the attachment member is flush with the end of the blade and edge welding together at 13 the ends of the blade and the upstanding flange. The welding is preferably by electric arc using an inert gas such as argon to prevent oxidation. The other end of the blade is secured to a carrier member 4 in a similar manner. The blade is formed from sheet-metal by folding along the leading edge and welding along the trailing edge. The attachment member is preferably in two parts. In the case of an air-compressor blade, the carrier member 10 is closed by a member 15 having a machined seating 16 which engages a seating in the compressor structure so that the blade may be rotated to adjust the angle of incidence. Ports 17 are provided for hot air to pass through the blade. Fillets 18, 19 of coldsetting apoxy resin seal the blades to their carrier members. Another embodiment is described in which a number of blades are secured to a pair of segmental carrier members.