Patent GB-301272-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to a machine for making knots, especially for fixing hairs on a fabric in the manufacture of wigs
IPC: D05C15/02
Filed: 1928-04-26
Abstract: 301,272. Kallmann, S., and Pris, R. C. April 26, 1928. Tufting-machines.-A machine particularly applicable to making wigs, has a crotchet hook 11 which pulls a hair through the base fabric and through the eye of a needle 13, loops the hair, and pulls the free end through the loop 15 knot the hair to the fabric. The fabric, preferably two pieces, 5, 6, is stretched on a frame 90 in front of a box 10 containing the hair. The crotchet hook 11 is mounted to reciprocate at right angles to the fabric and to enter the box for the extraction of a hair, and a pair of members 45, 46 with openings 49<1>, 49<2>, 49<3> and a seating 48 for the needle 13 can oscillate and move vertically between the layers of fabric. The crotchet hook is moved forward to penetrate the fabric and the eye of the needle 13 and enter the hair box by a bell-crank lever 31 pivoted at 32, Fig. 8, operated by a cam 34. The hook-end engages a hair and on the return movement, under the action of the spring 37, it pulls the hair through the fabric and through the eye of the needle, Fig. 39. Knot-tying devices.-The needle eye in this position is opposite the opening 49', Fig. 39. It is then caused by the lever 64 and cam 66, Fig. 17, to reciprocate to lay the hair 22 along the housing 48 in the members 45, 46, Fig. 14. The members 45, 46 are then pivoted about the pin 53 to bring the opening 49<2> opposite the crotchet hook, which is then advanced to pull out the loop, Fig. 41, and rotated through 360‹ by the pulley 43 and chain 44, Fig. 8, to cross the loop at 151, Fig. 41. The members 45, 46 are then pivoted further to bring the opening 49<3> opposite the crotchet hook which is then advanced to pull the free end 23 through the loop to form the knot, Fig. 42. The members 45, 46 are then separated by cams 59, 58 to release the hair, Fig. 15. When the loop was formed, it was held by a pair of pivoted, cam-operated nippers. The free end of the knotted hair is engaged by the comb 84, Fig. 4, passing round pulleys 86<1>, 86<2>, 86<3>. Mounting of fabric and traversing.-The fabric is mounted on a hinged frame 90, having tenons sliding in blocks of a second frame, relative movements between the two frames being permitted by a cam slot. The frame has nuts 98 engaged by screws 99, Fig. 26, operated from a shaft for traversing the fabric. It can be traversed in a direction at right angles to this by means of a threaded projection 106 engaging the screw 108. These arrangements permit of a quincune formation of hair on the wig fabric. Transmission gear. Fig. 33 gives a general view of the way the various shafts are rotated. The shaft 109 drives the members 45, 46 (Fig. 14), the shaft 110, through bevel glass 117, drives the pulley 86<2> and hence the chain 84. The shaft 111 drives the crotchet hook 11 (Fig. 8) and the shaft 108 effects the displacement of the frame. The shaft 108 is caused to have regular movements by a cam 135, driven by the shaft 110 from the shaft 109, or adjustable movements by a hand-adjusted cam 136, both cams operating the shaft 108 through levers 140, 142 and a ratchet device 147, 143, Fig. 37.