baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-300264-A (GB)
Title: A process for the purification of sulphonic acids, naphthenic acids and the like
IPC: C07C309/62
Filed: 1928-10-11
Abstract: 300,264. Naamlooze Vennootschap de Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij. Nov. 11, 1927, [Convention date]. Mineral and tar oils, purifying.-Petroleum or other emulsions in which water forms the inner phase are broken by sulphonic or naphthenic acids or salts which have been purified by precipitation from their aqueous solutions by adding a volatile electrolyte such as hydrochloric, nitric, or acetic acid or ammonia, the impurities (inorganic salts &c.) remaining in the aqueous solution. The quantity of the precipitant required may bediminished by adding a liquid insoluble in water such as benzene or a mineral oil fraction, the volatile precipitant and the added liquid being removed from the purified acid by distillation; if desired, air or other gas may be passed through, or vacuum may be 'applied, or a suitable solvent such as a mineral oil may be added, to facilitate the distillation. In examples of the production of the de-emulsifying agents (1) mineral lubricating oil containing 1.5 per cent of naphthenic acid is treated with concentrated sulphuric acid, and after the removal of the acid sludge is neutralized with caustic soda solution; the aqueous layer is removed and treated with 50 per cent alcohol to extract the naphthenic acid soaps; the alcohol is distilled off and benzene and water are added, forming an emulsion; ammonia is added to flocculate the naphthenic acid soaps which are separated from the aqueous solution and freed from water, benzene, and ammonia by distillation. (2) The acid sludge formed by treating mineral lubricating oil with oleum is diluted with water, which causes the separation of the sulphonic acids and the like. These acids are dissolved in water and treated with hydrochloric acid to precipitate, the acids : after repeating the process the water and hydrochloric acid are removed by distillation.
Patent GB-1222384-A (GB)
Title: Selective recovery of salts from mixed salt solutions
Inventor: LEWIS WILLIAM JAMES
IPC: C01F5/22
Filed: 1968-06-20
Abstract: 1,222,384. Recovering salts from kainite. NATIONAL LEAD CO. 20 June, 1968 [20 June, 1967], No. 29427/68. Heading C1A. Pure kainite salt (MgSO 4 .K 2 SO 4 .MgCl 2 .6H 2 O) (20), preferably purified by flotation (18), is leached (21) with cold water (22) to convert it to schoenite (MgSO 4 .K 2 SO 4 .6H 2 O); the schoonite is separated from the leach liquor and dissolved in water (25), after which it is reacted with Ca(OH) 2  (28) to precipitate a mixed CaSO 4 / Mg(OH) 2  product, the precipitate then being removed and K 2 SO 4  crystallized from the solution remaining. The leach liquor (23) contains MgCl 2  and MgSO 4  and may be reacted with CaCl 2  brine (44) to precipitate CaSO 4 , the remaining MgCl 2  solution being reacted with Ca(OH) 2  (48) to precipitate Mg(OH) 2  and leave CaCl 2  brine (51), part of which is recycled to 44. The Ca(OH) 2  used in 28 and 48 may be obtained by calcining, slaking and degritting a CaCO 3  source. The impure kainite salt (17) is preferably obtained by concentrating an aqueous salt solution (10) containing the ions SO 4  <SP>=</SP>, Cl-, Mg<SP>++</SP>, K<SP>+</SP> and Na<SP>+</SP> to crystallize the sodium, mainly as NaCl (12, 14), and then crystallizing impure kainite (17). The liquid remaining from the kainite crystallization may be reacted with CaCl 2  from (51) to precipitate CaSO 4  and leave MgCl 2  brine. The impure kainite (17) may be purified by flotation (18) employing as a flotation agent a long-chain fatty acid amine of 8-12 carbon atoms, e.g. a fatty amine acetate or chloride, and an aliphatic alcohol as frothing agent, e.g. amyl alcohol.
Patent GB-983330-A (GB)
Title: Extensible link bracelet
IPC: A44C5/08
Filed: 1962-08-01
Abstract: 983,330. Bracelets. F. BURKLE, [trading as FRITZ BURKLE KOMM.-GES.]. Aug. 1, 1962 [Aug. 8, 1961; Dec. 23, 1961], No. 29505/62. Heading A3H. A bracelet comprises pairs of links telescopically connected and expanding against the action of a spring. The bracelet comprises frame members 1 with turned over ends 4 and tabs 5 which are inserted in the sleevelike connecting members 2 which have two projections 12 which engage under the end 4 and abut top lugs 7 to limit the extension of the band and of a bent spring 3 in the member 2 the ends of which spring abut the lugs 7 but do not impede the projections 12. The frame members 1 have a recess 6 for accommodating the tabs 5 and the connecting member 2 has a recess 15 for inserting a tab 5 of an adjacent frame member and a recess for aligning the members. In a modification the apex of the loop of the spring engages between two stops on one side of the sleeve like connecting member and the upper wall of this member is centrally depressed along one side to retain the spring. The connecting member also has a projection bent at a right angle to the member. To connect the strap to a watch case, at one end the tabs 5 fit in two lugs 21 in a linked clamper upon the watch case bar. At the other end an extra member 22 with two projections 23 at one side is clamped under the ends of the end frame member, and the projections are fitted into the two lugs 21 of the watch case bar connecting link 20. A further two projections on the other side of the member 22 bear upon the tabs 5 of the end frame member and hold the member rigid.
Patent GB-243391-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the making of metalled roads
IPC: E01C7/18
Filed: 1925-11-23
Abstract: 243,391. Dammann, K. Nov. 22, 1924, [Convention date]. Macadamized roads. - Non-bitumenized road metal is bound with fine granular stone mixed with a small percentage of bitumen. The mixture, which is of about the same consistency as sand, is rolled in in a dry state at ordinary temperature. The binder is preferably that set forth in Specification 179,166, which describes a mixture of finely ground basalt, lime, or slack with 5 to 6 per cent by weight of bitumen.
Patent GB-1429426-A (GB)
Title: Acetylene productionp
IPC: C07C2/76
Filed: 1974-07-04
Abstract: 1429426 Acetylene YEDA RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CO Ltd 4 July 1974 [9 July 1973] 29596/74 Heading C5E Acetylene is produced by irradiating hydrocarbons in the gas phase with an I.R. laser, e.g. a tranversal excited molecular gas laser. Suitable hydrocarbon starting materials are methane, 2-butene, pentane, propene and butadiene. The irradiation may be effected at a pressure above 30 torr, or if a gaseous inert diluent is added, below 30 torr.
Patent GB-890525-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the relative control of flow in parallel utilisation circuits
IPC: F15B11/22
Filed: 1959-08-31
Abstract: 890,525. Hydraulic apparatus. SOC. D'APPLICATIONS DES MACHINES MATRICES. Aug. 31, 1959 [Sept. 1, 1958], No. 29602/59. Class 69 (2). A flow-dividing device for an hydraulic circuit comprises cylinder 1 having a hollow floating piston 6, Fig. 1, the opposite faces of which have throttles 7, 8 for the passage of the divided fluid, and means 15, 17 for automatically developing a counterpressure downstream of the cylinder. A pipe 4 is connected to a source of pressure and to the cylinder 1 and fluid passes to the inside of the piston and through the throttles 7, 8 and ports 11, 12 to the motors 2, 3, the flow through the ports being controlled by the movements of the piston. The outlet from each motor passes through a valve 17, the degree of opening of which is determined by the pressure on the lower side of a piston 15 connected by a pipe 16 to the inlet of the motor. If the flow through one or other of the motors increases causing a pressure drop at the inlet of that motor, the piston 15 moves downwardly to reduce the flow through its valve 17 and apply a counter-pressure which reduces the flow through its associated motor. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the hollow piston 6 and cylinder 1 of the dividing device is connected to the outlets of the motor and in the event of a change in flow through the motors, the piston moves towards the motor of smallest flow to restrict the outlet of the motor of greatest flow and apply a counter-pressure which restricts the flow through that motor. In another embodiment, electromagnetic reversing valves are interposed between the motors and the fluid source and dividing device. In a further embodiment, the motors are connected to two dividing devices 40, 41, Fig. 4, each device being provided with one-way valves 44, 45 which ensure that only the device which is connected to the outlets of the motors is operative during the forward and return strokes of the motors.
Patent GB-269477-A (GB)
Title: Process for activating carbon or carbonaceous substances with simultaneous production of combustible gases and apparatus for carrying out the said process
IPC: C01B32/336
Filed: 1926-11-23
Abstract: 269,477. Soc. de Recherches et d' Exploitations PetrolifÞres. April 15, 1926, [Convention date]. Retorts and methods of working.-Activated carbon and combustible gases are produced by treatment of carbonaceous materials with activating gases at high temperatures in vessels or chambers having walls slightly permeable to the gases. The activating gases used may be combustion gases, alone or mixed with steam, carbon dioxide, chlorine or other activating gases, or the latter gases may be superheated and employed alone. The speed of the reaction may be controlled bv varying the porosity of the chambers or the dilution of the activation gases, or by regulating the pressure in the vessel or chamber. for example by means of a steam injector controlling the removal of the gases produced. In one form, Fig. 2, porous tubes 1 are arranged in a gas heated furnace, the material passing from a hopper 5 through the tubes 1, where it is activated by furnace gases which have passed through the tubes, and thence through metal cooling tubes 2 to a discharge hopper 3 having a movable grid 4. The combustible gases produced in the activation may be withdrawn from hopper 5 or through perforated inner tubes provided within tubes 1. In treating uncoked material, means may be provided for withdrawing the combustible gas produced from the hoppers. Increased porosity of the chamber walls can be obtained with earthenware materials by using in the clay a large proportion of large sized particles, or by adding sawdust, cork, &c. before burning. Carborundum, silica bricks, and other porous materials may also be employed, as well as finely perforated vessels and covers. A gas rich in water vapour may be employed by burning water gas or by introducing steam with the gas or with pre-heated air for combustion, the gas resulting in the activating chamber being rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The porous walls act as filters, the gas passing through being partly purified from nitrogen. Hydrocarbons if present in the furnace gases are partly decomposed or burnt on passing through the porous walls. Various types of activation furnaces which may be used are referred to. The process may be applied to the activation of wood, wood charcoal. or of coal, lignite, or peat or the coke derived therefrom, or to waste products containing sufficient carbon or to inactive or partly active agglomerated carbon. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also the use of activation gases generally, including oxygen. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-262416-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in coal cutter and loader
IPC: E21C25/68
Filed: 1926-11-23
Abstract: 262,416. Sullivan Machinery Co., (Assignees of Officer, C. B.). Dec. 4, 1925, [Convention date]. Endless-chain push-plate or scraper conveyers and elevators; driving-gear.-Relates to combined mining and loading machine. As shown in a mining machine of the room and pillar type, a plate 18 is secured around the body 10 of the machine, preferably at an angle thereto, a groove 20 in the plate receiving guides 21 secured to the body of the machine and guiding vanes 23 connected by links 24 and sweeping along the plate 18; the vanes, during a cut, remove coal shot down after a previous cut and deliver it to a coal face conveyer 31. A guide plate 32 is provided at the outer part of the plate 18. A gear 25 is arranged on the shaft of the haulage sprocket 14 and, through spur and bevel gearing' 26 - - 29, drives a sprocket 30 engaging between the links 24 to drive the loading device.
Patent GB-416199-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for raising liquids
IPC: F04F1/06
Filed: 1933-10-26
Abstract: 416,199. Raising liquids by gas pressure. SCHWEIZERISCHE LOKOMOTIV - UND MASCHINENFABRIK, Winterthur, Switzerland. Oct. 26, 1933, No. 29700. Convention date, Nov. 16, 1932. [Class 102 (ii).] In liquid raising apparatus of the kind in which compressed air &c. is supplied periodically to one arm 2 of a two-armed container 1 provided with suction and delivery valves 3, 7, the exhaust gas is expanded and assists in driving the air compressor. A rotary compressor 10 supplies air through a pipe 11 to the arm 2 until the water level therein reaches the valve 7 when a valve 18 operated from the compressor shaft cuts off the air supply and places the arm in communication with a point 28 in the compressor. The exhaust air expands in the compressor to the point 33 and is then recompressed. Towards the end of expansion a valve 31 is opened to connect the chamber 27 to the compressor suction 33. Water separators 12, 35 are provided in the air pipes. The valves 18, 31 may be of rotary type. Several such containers 1 may be operated in series or parallel from a single compressor by providing separate valves 18, 31 after each container. A two-stage compressor may be employed in which case the exhaust gas may pass to either the L.P or H.P. stage. A vacuum pump may be connected to the point 33 of the compressor.
Patent GB-504749-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric condensers
IPC: H01G4/38
Filed: 1937-10-30
Abstract: 504,749. Condensers. DUBILIER CONDENSER CO. (1925), Ltd.. Oct. 30, 1937, No. 29761. Convention date, Oct. 31, 1936. [Class 37] Each unit of a multiple condenser comprises a stack E of alternate electrodes and dielectric sheets and two metal rectilinear box-like terminals D fitting over opposite ends of the stack so as to surround the projecting terminal parts of the electrodes of opposite polarity. The terminals may be filled with solder and form effective connecting means and cooling surfaces. Each terminal box may be formed of a threesided clamp with sping pressure plate D<SP>3</SP>. The units can be connected in any formation of series or parallel or both by direct soldering together of the terminal boxes and by utilizing the fact that on one side there are two thickmesses of metal, constituted by the flanges D<SP>1</SP>, D<SP>2</SP>, and the pressure plate D<SP>3</SP>, as compared with one thickness on the other, spaces may be left in the stacked units for circulation of cooling fluid.
Patent GB-461294-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to medical heating appliances
IPC: A61F7/02
Filed: 1935-10-20
Abstract: Head and body coverings for medical treatment comprise: (1) a cap of iron-containing asbestos cloth, having several thicknesses at the top, fitted internally with serrated rubber sheeting, and having superposed upon it a cap comprising several thicknesses of artificial silk, the caps being secured by a superposed rubber strap fastened beneath the chin, and preferably having copper gauze interposed between them; (2) a strip of iron-containing asbestos cloth covered by flannelette or other fabric and carrying a pad of sphagnum moss applied in use to the nape of the neck, the strip being wound round the neck and secured by elastic strings; (3) a body-encircling band of asbestos cloth as above covered by a strip of copper gauze of half its length and further covered by flannelette, the band being secured by elastic straps wound several times around the body and tied together.
Patent GB-176755-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to windows
IPC: E06B1/24
Filed: 1921-11-09
Abstract: 176,755. Clement, J. March 9, 1921, [Convention date]. Window frames.-The frame and the sash of a window are each made of reinforced artificial stone in one piece. Fig. 7 shows a section through a fixed window, and an upper pivoting window. The pivoting sash 16, 17 and surrounding frame are formed with corresponding rabbets to prevent entry of rain etc.; one of the meeting edges of casement windows is formed with a rabbeted wooden strip 8, Fig .2, to minimize jar on closing. Hinges and like parts are secured by screws 9 and nuts 10 embedded in the stone &c. The glass is held in position by pins 13 secured by cement &c. in the sashes. The frames &c. may be of any colour or shape, and may be coated with metal.
Patent GB-649110-A (GB)
Title: Process and device for the treatment of gases
IPC: B01D47/10
Filed: 1947-11-10
Abstract: 649,110. Treating gases with liquids. VICARD, P. G. Nov. 10, 1947, No. 29884. Convention date, Dec. 6, 1946. [Class 55(ii)] Gases are freed from very fine dust by first saturating the gas with water vapour, then super-saturating it with a very fine and dense water-mist preparatory to cooling it by a lowering of pressure whereby condensation occurs around dust nuclei, and finally washing with a dense shower of water which removes the droplets so formed. As shown, the gas is saturated by a mist-spray a, super-saturated by a spray b, further supplied with water at c', and cooled by the rapid change in pressure in passing through a venturi-throat c. Washing is effected by the spray d and water is removed from the gas by a filter e, the water being discharged at f.
Patent GB-409025-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric cut-outs
IPC: H01H85/42
Filed: 1932-10-26
Abstract: 409,025. Fusible cut-outs. FERGUSON PAILIN, Ltd., and PAILIN, G., Buckley Street, Higher Openshaw, Manchester. Oct. 26, 1932, No. 29950. [Class 38 (i).] A fuse wire i traverses a recess j containing gunpowder &c. that is ignited when the wire reaches a certain temperature, fracturing the wire and blowing out a plunger g to which one end of the wire is attached so as to elongate and extinguish the arc. The plunger g rests upon a thin fillet h formed on a sleeve f, and is attached by a long flexible conductor i<1> to the lower terminal b. The sleeve f rests upon a shoulder d in the casing a and is held in place by a screw plug o abutting on a plate m by which the fuse wire is secured. According to the Provisional Specification the flexible conductor is associated with a tension spring and is connected at its lower end to a diaphragm that seats upon the contact b. Specification 339,646, [Class 38 (i)], is referred to.
Patent GB-1366579-A (GB)
Title: Antenna
IPC: H01Q5/00
Filed: 1972-06-27
Abstract: 1366579 Aerials MINI-PRODUCTS Inc 27 June 1972 [30 June 1971] 29973/72 Heading H4A An aerial comprises a radiator consisting of a single loop of wire, the total distance round the loop being approximately one wave length at a predetermined frequency, loading units mounted 180 degrees apart at the high voltage points at said frequency of said radiator, and being connected thereto, said loading units each comprising a series connected inductor and a loading capacitative element, said inductor acting as an R.F. choke at said frequency, and said inductor and said loading capacitative element acting as an additional electrical length to said radiator at a lower frequency than said predetermined frequency, thus providing operation at two different frequencies. As described, a four-band loop aerial has a single wire radiator 11, Fig. 1 of diamond shape which is fastened to the four ends 12, 13, 14, 15 of supporting cross members 40, 41 made of insulating material. Multiband loading units 16, 17, 18 are mounted at the end 14 of the cross member 41, and similar units 19, 20, 21 are mounted at the opposite end 12. A feeder terminal board 24 is mounted at the end 15 of the cross member 40. Metal sleeves 25, Fig. 1a, at the ends 12, 14 each provide support both for the wire radiator 11 and for a tubular coil former 19<SP>1</SP> made of insulating material, upon which are wound inductors 36, 37, 38, and which supports three capacitor elements each consisting of a ring 31 and spokes 43. Said capacitor elements are located at the outer ends of respective inductors, and are connected thereto. The inner end of the inductor 36 is connected to the sleeve 25 and the inner ends of the other inductors may also be connected thereto, so that the three loading units are in parallel. Alternatively, the three loading units may be connected in series, or the inner two may be in series, with the third in parallel. In other embodiments, the loop aerial is of circular or elliptical shape (Figs. 2, 3, not shown). An active aerial of this kind may be associated with a parallel spaced apart passive aerial of the same kind, the latter acting as a reflector (Fig. 6, not shown).
Patent GB-262584-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for quenching ashes from boiler and like furnaces
IPC: F23J1/00
Filed: 1925-11-27
Abstract: 262,584. Kelsall, J. O. W., and Jenkins & Co., Ltd., W. J. Nov. 27, 1925. Discharging; cooling discharged materials. - Ash-quenching apparatus for furnaces is arranged to prevent entry of air and comprises a 'hollow drum a, rotatable on rollers b by a rope r and formed with central apertures c, d in its ends. An ash-shoot f, leading from the furnace, projects through the aperture c and dips below the surface of water g contained in the drum, vanes h being provided on the inner surface of the latter to raise the ashes from the water to a discharge shoot i which is formed by the upper wall of the shoot f and projects through the opening d to deposit the ashes on a conveyer m running on rollers n. The quenching water is supplied to the shoot f by a pipe j and the overflow through the apertures c, d collects in a trough k arranged between the supporting girders h. Where a number of quenchers are installed in connection with a series of furnaces, a common driving-rope and ash-receiving conveyer are provided.
Patent GB-1219748-A (GB)
Title: Producing niobium or tantalum powder
Inventor: GEORGE WILBERT RIDD
IPC: B22F9/00
Filed: 1969-06-13
Abstract: 1,219,748. Producing Nb and Ta powder. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. June 13, 1969, No.30060/69. Heading C7D. Nb or Ta powder is produced by maintaining an ingot of Nb or Ta in H 2  at 400‹ -500‹ C. for a time sufficient for the solubility peak of H 2  in Nb or Ta to be attained (typically 1 hour) and then cooling at a rate such that there is spontaneous disintegration of the ingot. The ingot may first be deoxidized by heating in H 2  at 1000‹ C. The process may be carried out by radio frequency heating in a crucible through the hollow walls of which a cooling fluid is circulated. Cooling is effected by switching off the power and leaving the cooling fluid flowing. Coarse powder may be re-treated by the method described or may form a starting point for conventional grinding, should finer powder be required.