Patent GB-664546-A (GB)
Title: Process of making plasticized polymers and thickened oils or greases
IPC: B32B27/30
Filed: 1949-04-13
Abstract: Plasticized polymers and thickened oils or greases are obtained by combining polymers of tetrafluoroethylene or chlorotrifluoroethylene or interpolymers of the two with a substantially completely fluorinated hydrocarbon oil distilling between 50 DEG  and 300 DEG C. at 10 mm. Hg pressure.  The hydrocarbon oils from which the fluorocarbon oils are prepared may be mineral oils such as paraffinic base, naphthenic base or highly aromatic petroleum oils or synthetic oils, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch oils, but are preferably mainly aliphatic. Plasticized polymers are obtained by heating between 150 DEG  and 400 DEG  C. until the polymer has dissolved from 2 to 300 per cent by weight of fluorinated oil. When the polymers are in massive form, e.g. sheets, rods or strips, the preferred temperature range for polytetrafluoroethylene is 327 DEG -375 DEG  C., for polychlorotrifluorethylene 250 DEG -375 DEG  C., and for copolymers containing 10-95 per cent of tetrafluoroethylene 180 DEG -400 DEG  C. The polymer, which may be first sintered, may be dipped in the heated oil, subjected to the vapour of the oil at the desired temperature, or coated with the oil and heated.  In this way, the polymer may be adhered to itself or to metal surfaces.  For larger absorption of oil, the polymer is preferably in powdered form and is mixed with the oil to a paste which is heated forming a tough, plastic, non-sticky mass.  Such layers may be obtained on metal or unplasticized polymer surfaces by applying a paste containing 50-75 per cent oil and heating.  Excess oil may be extracted by refluxing with a solvent, e.g. trifluorotrichloroethane. Thickened oils and greases are obtained by heating a mixture of oil and interpolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and chlorotrifluorethylene, containing 20-98.5 per cent of the former constituent, at 175-400 DEG  C. until the mixture becomes clear and homogeneous and more viscous.  The compositions should comprise 0.5 to 20 per cent of interpolymer. They have improved p  Viscosity Index and may be used as lubricants and heat transfer media or to adhere the unplasticized interpolymer to itself or to metal.  Soft plastic to greasy compositions may be made by mixing aqueous dispersions of colloidal polytetrafluoroethylene with from 0.25 to 9 parts by weight of oil and coagulating while stirring, e.g. by adding a water-miscible liquid such as methanol, ethanol or acetone.  The dispersion may also be coagulated by freezing and stirred while warming up, and the process may be repeated.  The suspensions on heating to 325-400 DEG C. become plastic.  Examples describe other uses of the compositions, e.g. valve packing in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride systems, electrical insulation, films for gaskets, and liners in iron, steel and glass equipment.ALSO:Thickened oils or greases and plastic masses are obtained by combining polymers of tetrafluoroethylene or chlorotrifluoroethylene or interpolymers of the two with a substantially completely fluorinated hydrocarbon oil distilling between 50 DEG  and 300 DEG C. at 10 mm. Hg pressure.  The hydrocarbon oils from which the fluorocarbon oils are prepared may be mineral oils such as paraffinic base, naphthenic base or highly aromatic petroleum oils or synthetic oils, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch oils, but are preferably mainly aliphatic.  The thickened oils and greases are obtained by heating a mixture of the fluorocarbon oil and interpolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene, containing 20-98.5 per cent of the former constituent, at 175 DEG -400 DEG C. until the mixture becomes clear and homogenous and more viscous.  The compositions should comprise about 0.5 to 20 per cent of interpolymer.  They have improved Viscosity Index and may be used as lubricants and heat transfer media or to adhere the unplasticized interpolymer to itself or to metal.  Soft plastic to greasy compositions are made by mixing aqueous dispersions of colloidal polytetrafluoroethylene with from 0.25 to 9 parts by weight of oil and coagulating while stirring, e.g. by adding a water-miscible liquid such as methanol, ethanol and acetone.  The dispersion may also be coagulated by freezing and stirred while warming up, and the process may be repeated.  The suspensions on heating to 325 DEG -400 DEG C. become plastic.