Patent GB-743842-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to basic salts or soaps
IPC: C07F9/165
Filed: 1952-03-17
Abstract: Halogen-bearing synthetic resins may be stabilized by the addition of overbased salts of oil-soluble organic acids (see Group IV (b)).  In an example, polyvinyl chloride, plasticized with dioctyl phthalate, is stabilized with the product obtained by heating an oil solution of calcium petroleum sulphonate with octylphenol, barium oxide and water and filtering.ALSO:Basic salts or soaps of oil-soluble organic acids, in which the ratio of the total number of equivalents of metal in the complex to the number in combination with the oil-soluble organic acid is greater than 2.2, are manufactured by reacting together an oil-soluble organic acid (or salt thereof) and an excess amount of a basing agent (i.e. a base or a salt thereof) in the presence of water and/or a watersoluble alcohol, and of a promoter (i.e. a compound AH, where A is an anionic radical, which is at least 0.0005 per cent soluble in water at 50 DEG  C., has a dissociation constant, in the presence of water at about 25 DEG  C., greater than about 10-10, and the saturated aqueous solution of which at about 25 DEG  C. has a pH value not greater than 7, which compound is either an organic compound, or an inorganic compound containing a plurality of atoms of an acid forming element, or a salt of such a compound), and maintaining the reaction mass at a temperature and for sufficient time to drive off all free water, water of hydration and/or alcohol present, the ratio of equivalents of oil-soluble acid (or salt thereof) to equivalents of promoter being between 1:10 and 10:1 and the amount of basing agent being such that there is present a total of substantially more than one equivalent of metal salt-forming radicals (including those present in the oil-soluble organic acid or salt and in the promoter) per equivalent of oil-soluble organic acid plus promoter, whereafter (optionally when the promoter is a phenolic compound) the product is treated with an acidic material.  This after-treatment has the effect of liberating from the complex at least a portion of the promoter, which may then be separated or may be left in the mass and the latter then treated with an additional amount of a saltforming material.  In examples 1-45, 50, 51, 53-64 and 70-73, various combinations of the following components are heated with barium oxide and water (in some cases in the presence of mineral oil, and in most cases with the specified after-treatments, the acidic material being CO2 or SO2: oil-soluble acids (as such or as their barium salts or as their basic barium salts produced by known methods): "unsaturated paraffin wax sulphonic acid" (derived from the product obtained from paraffin wax by chlorination and dehydrochlorination), mono-paraffin was substituted naphthalenesulphonic acid and its disulphide, petroleum sulphonic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) - mono - and di - thiophosphoric acids, di - (n - hexyl) - dithiophosphoric acid, petroleum naphthenic acid, petrolatum sulphonic acid, di-paraffin wax substituted phenolsulphonic acid; promoters: p-tert.-butylphenol, isononylphenol, di - isobutylphenol, phenol, isopropylphenol, p - tert. - amylphenol, b -naphthol, the reaction product of 4 mols. of turpentine with 1 mol. of P2S5, tert.-butylchlorophenol, trichlorodiphenyl ether sulphonic acid, tert.-butylnaphthalenesulphonic acid, methylnaphthalenesulphonic acid, di-isobutenylsulphonic acid, di-isopropylbenzenesulphonic acid, cymenesulphonic acid, tert.-butyldichlorophenol, di - isopropyldithiophosphoric acid, acetylacetone, di - isobutylnaphthalenesulphonic acid, fluoboric acid, barium phenate, acetamide, ethyl acetoacetate.  Comparative experiments omitting the promoters are given in some cases.  In further examples: (46) an oil solution of barium petroleum sulphonate, phenol and the sediment from example (45) is heated with barium oxide and water; (47) a mixture of phenol, calcium hydroxide and water is heated with an oil solution of calcium petroleum sulphonate, and the product is blown with CO2; (48) an oil solution of calcium petroleum sulphonate is heated with phenol, calcium methoxide and water, and the product is blown with CO2; (49) an oil solution of calcium petroleum sulphonate is heated with octylphenol, barium oxide and water; (52) an oil solution of barium petroleum sulphonate is heated with p-tert.-butylphenol, water, methanol and barium oxide; (65) petroleum sulphonic acid in mineral lubricating oil is heated with diisobutylphenol, lithium hydroxide and water, and the product is blown with CO2; (66) sodium petroleum sulphonate in mineral lubricating oil is heated with di-isobutylphenol and aqueous caustic soda and the product is blown with CO2; (67) nickel petroleum sulphonate is heated with di-isobutylphenol, nickel hydroxide and water, and the product is blown with CO2; (68) ferrous petroleum sulphonate is heated with di-isobutylphenol, ferrous hydroxide and water, and the product is blown with CO2; (69) chromic petroleum sulphonate is heated with diisobutylphenol and chromic hydroxide. Lists of alternative components include: oil-soluble acids: sulphamic, thiosulphonic, sulphinic, thionamic and sulphonic acids, mono-esters of sulphuric, sulphurous and thiosulphuric acid, organic acids containing selenium, tellurium, arsenic, antimony, silicon, tin or lead as the acid-forming element, thio-, seleno- and tellurocarboxylic acids, nitrolic, nitrosolic, nitronic, nitroic and carboxylic acids; acidic materials for the after-treatment: HCl, SO3, NO2, H2S, N2O3, PCl3, SOCl2, ClO2, H2Se, BF3, CS2, COS.ALSO:As additives for lubricating oils and for hydrocarbon fuels, and as paint driers, may be employed overbased salts of oil-soluble organic acids (see Group IV(b)).  In examples: (a) to SAE 30 motor oil are added zinc di-(4-methlypentyl-2) dithiophosphate and the product obtained by heating an oil solution of barium petroleum sulphonate with isopropylphenol, barium oxide and water; (b) to a lead-base household paint is added the product obtained by heating an oil solution of calcium petroleum sulphonate with phenol, calcium methoxide and water, passing carbon dioxide through the heated product and finally filtering.