Patent GB-909281-A (GB)
Title: Unsaturated polyester resins
IPC: C08G63/676
Filed: 1960-06-30
Abstract: Wood, metal, plastics or concrete are coated by a spray pistol with a lacquer comprising a polyester of an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having a carbon-carbon double bond on a carbon atom adjoining a carboxylic group, said polyester being characterized by the presence of benzyl or allyl ether radicals and 12 to 30% wt. of colophony or resin acids or alcohols as ester components, and a comoner containing a <FORM:0909281/III/1> Unsaturated acids specified are maleic, fumaric, itaconic and dimeric acrylic.  Resin acids and alcohols specified include those obtained by hydrogenation, disproportionation or polymerization of the natural products, e.g. hydrogenated colophony, de-, di- and tetra-hydro abietic acid, polymerized colophony, abietyl alcohol and hydro-abietyl alcohol. Other polyester components mentioned are adipic, phthalic and tetrachlorophthalic acid, the Diels-Alder adduct of maleic anhydride and hexachlorocyclopentadiene, ethylene and diethylene glycols, propane- and butane-1, 2-diols, butane-1, 4-diol, hydroxy-alkylated bisphenols, hydroxycarboxylic acids and monobasic carboxylic acids and alcohols.  Comonomers specified are styrene, vinyl toluene, divinyl benzene, vinyl esters, methacrylic acid esters, triacrylic-formal and triallyl cyanurate.  The polyester resin may be used as clear lacquers or mixed with pigments, fillers, inert solvents, e.g. ethyl acetate, acetone, toluene or xylene, and other lacquer binding agents, e.g. nitrocellulose, oil-modified alkyds, and urea- or melamine-formaldehyde condensates etherified by alcohols. The coatings may be buffed to a high polish.  Specification 806,730 is referred to.ALSO:Unsaturated polyester resins comprise a polyester of an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having a carbon-carbon double bond on a carbon atom adjoining a carboxylic group, said polyester being characterized by the presence of benzyl or allyl ether radicals and 12 to 30% wt. of colophony or resin acids or alcohols as ester components, and a comoner containing a <FORM:0909281/IV(a)/1> group.  When mixtures of polyesters are used the characteristics are required of the total mixture rather than each individual ester.  Unsaturated acids specified are maleic, fumaric, itaconic and dimeric acrylic.  Resin acids and alcohols specified include those obtained by hydrogenation, disproportionation or polymerization of the natural products, e.g. hydrogenated colophony, de-, di- and tetra-hydro abietic acid, polymerized colophony, abietyl alcohol and hydro-abietyl alcohol.  Other polyester components mentioned are adipic, phthalic and tetrachlorophthalic acid, the Diels-Alder adduct of maleic anhydride and hexachlorocyclopentadiene, ethylene and diethylene glycols, propane- and butane-1,2-diols, butane-1,4-diol, hydroxy-alkylated bisphenols, hydroxy-carboxylic acids and monobasic carboxylic acids and alcohols.  The polyesters may be prepared as described in Specifications 810,222 and 869,298. Where the resin components have a low esterification velocity they may be introduced in the form of faster esterifying derivatives, e.g. the resin acids as partial esters of glycerol, pentaerythritol or trimethylol ethane or propane and the resin alcohols as partial esters or ethers of polybasic acids and alcohols or as ethers of an epoxide alcohol, trimethylene oxide alcohol or a hydroxy-carboxylic acid.  They may also be used in the form of Diels-Alder adducts.  Comonomers specified are styrene, vinyl toluene, divinyl benzene, vinyl esters, methacrylic acid esters, triacrylic-formal and triallyl cyanurate. Copolymerization catalysts specified are benzoyl peroxide, cyclohexanone, MEK and cumene hydroperoxides, and azoisobutyric acid nitrile.  Accelerators mentioned are cobalt naphthenate, octoate and aceto-acetate for hydroperoxides and tertiary amines together with cobalt, lead or manganese compounds for diacyl peroxides.  The polyester resin may be used as clear lacquers or mixed with pigments, fillers, inert solvents, e.g. ethyl acetate, acetone, toluene or xylene, and other lacquer binding agents, e.g. nitrocellulose, oil-modified alkyds, and urea- or melamineformaldehyde condensates etherified by alcohols. The lacquers may be used to coat wood, plastics, metal and concrete. Specification 806,730 also is referred to.