Patent GB-1165241-A (GB)
Title: Colour Television System
Inventor: VALENSI GEORGES
IPC: H04N11/00
Filed: 1967-01-24
Abstract: 1,165,241. Colour television. G. VALENSI. 24 Jan., 1967 [5 Feb., 1966; 22 March, 1966], No. 3602/67. Heading H4F. In a colour television system there is produced a chrominance signal in the form of a subcarrier which is modulated in amplitude only in accordance with the hue of the image to be transmitted. Associated with the sub-carrier is a second signal which is a conventional luminance signal of the form Y=0À59 G+0À30 R+0À11 B when the image is achromatic and a modified luminance Y<SP>1</SP> of the form Y/S, where S is the colour saturation, when the image is coloured. The chrominance signal modulation is considered in terms of Newton's colour circle which is regarded as divided into 20 sectors, although the quantization of the modulation amplitude into 20 corresponding steps only arises effectively during decoding at the receiver (see below). At a transmitter. Fig. 3, the image is analysed by red, green and blue cameras TR, TV, TB and the resulting signals R, V and B combined in a matrix circuit MR to produce a luminance signal Y together with I and Q signals having the customary significance. These last two signals are then modulated in quadrature in stages MI, MQ on a sub carrier wave from a source Gpc to produce at the output of a mixer ml a signal of the N.T.S.C. form. Amplitude detection in stage DA provides a signal representing the product SY, whilst phase detection in stage DP supplied with a reference signal from source Gpc via phase shifter dpr provides a signal C the amplitude of which varies with hue. Signal C is amplitude modulated on a sub-carrier wave from source Gpc in stage MC to produce a chrominance signal of the form desired. Signal SY is divided by the luminance signal Y in divider DE, to produce S which is presented to a gate pe 1 . The luminance signal is presented to gates pe 2  and pe 3 . The outputs of gates pe 1  and pe 2  supply a divider DE 2  which produces a signal Y<SP>1</SP> = Y/S. Gates pe 2  and pe 2  are controlled by signal C directly, whilst gate pe 3  is controlled by signal C via an inverter i. When the image is achromatic, signal C is of zero amplitude causing gates pe 1  and pe 2  to be non- transmissive and gate pe 3  to be transmissive. When the image is coloured, signal C has an amplitude and the gate conditions are reversed. Thus for an achromatic image the normal luminance signal Y is provided, whilst for a coloured image there is substituted the modified luminance signal Y<SP>1</SP>. Unit GSy furnishes line and frame synchronizing signals, whilst gate pe 4  provides a sub-carrier synchronizing burst sr. The chrominance signal is restricted to the lower side-band and is located outside and just above the higher frequency limit of the luminance signal, Fig. 1c (not shown). The transmission signal is completed by a frequency modulated sound signal psm. In a modified. transmitter, Figs. 4 and 4a (not shown) a fourth camera is provided to produce the luminance signal. A receiver for use with the system, Fig. 5 (not shown), utilizes a three-gun, shadow-mask, cathode-ray tube. The chrominance sub carrier signal is demodulated to derive the signal C which represents hue in accordance with amplitude and this signal is then decoded (see below) to obtain red, green and blue component colour signals in the correct proportions to produce the hue. The component colour signals are applied to the cathode-ray tube grids, whilst the cathodes are supplied with signals which are obtained from the luminance signals. Gates controlled by the signal C select either the luminance signal Y or the modified signal Y<SP>1</SP>, and the cathode signals are produced by matrices which proportion the green, red and blue gun signals in the ratios 0À59: 0À30: 0À11. The component colour signals are applied to the grids via amplifiers which are controlled in gain inversely in accordance with signal Y<SP>1</SP> so that the image brightness is produced correctly. Signal decoding.-Chrominance signal C may be decoded by diode-resistor matrix as described in Specification 1,086,281. The matrix is in twenty sections and effectively quantizes the signal C into 20 amplitude steps corresponding to 20 sectors of Newton's colour circle (see above). In another arrangement, Figs. 6 and 6a-d (not shown), the sub-carrier signal is sampled by reference signals at sub-carrier frequency and is caused to produce a pulse in each cycle at a phase position denoting the hue. The pulse is applied to open three gates which are supplied with signals which vary throughout each cycle in accordance with the red, green and blue component colour contributions which are required to produce all the various possible hues. Thus in accordance with the time in the cycle when the pulse opens the gates, signals representing red, green and blue are passed in proportions which will produce the hue denoted by the time. A modification, Figs. 7 and 7a-b (not shown), includes an alternative way of generating the cyclically varying red, green and blue signals.