Patent GB-1019452-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in organic esters and in compositions of matter consisting of or containing them
Inventor: CRITCHLEY STUART WALTER
IPC: C07C43/13
Filed: 1961-11-28
Abstract: Lubricants, or lubricant components, comprise a liquid ester made by reacting a saturated aliphatic non - hydroxylated monocarboxylic acid of 1-20 carbon atoms, or benzoic acid, or a mixture of said monobasic acids, or a mixture of said monobasic acids with a saturated aliphatic non-hydroxylated dicarboxylic acid of 2-14 carbon atoms, or phthalic acid or a mixture of said dibasic acids with an ether of the formula <FORM:1019452/C4-C5/1> where R represents a C2- 4 alkyl group and u is an integer of 2-10, the proportions of acid and ether being such that the product has a viscosity in the range 2-100 centistokes at 210 DEG  F.  The invention includes a lubricant blend comprising the above ester and one or more liquid neutral simple esters of a saturated aliphatic polyhydric primary alcohol having no hydrogen attached to any carbon atom in a 2-position relative to the hydroxy groups, or a mixture of such alcohols, with a saturated aliphatic or aromatic non-hydroxylated monocarboxylic acid or a mixture of such acids, or a liquid neutral simple ester of a saturated aliphatic monohydric alcohol having no hydrogen attached in a 2-position relative to the hydroxy group, or a mixture of such alcohols, with a saturated aliphatic or aromatic non-hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid, or a mixture of said acids, the relative proportions of the two components being such that the viscosity of the blend is 3-15 centistokes at 210 DEG  F.  The lubricants may contain anti-oxidants, e.g. phenothiazine, phenyl-a -naphthylamine and 5-ethyl-10,10-diphenyl-phenazasilane.ALSO:The invention comprises liquid esters made by reacting under esterification conditions a hydroxy ether of the formula <FORM:1019452/C3/1> with a mixture of acids comprising a saturated aliphatic non-hydroxylated dicarboxylic acid having 2-14 carbon atoms, or phthalic acid or a mixture of these dibasic acids and a saturated aliphatic non-hydroxylated duonocarboxylic acid having 1-20 carbon atoms or benzoic acid or a mixture of these monobasic acids, the relative proportions of the hydroxy and acid reactants being such that the viscosity of the ester is 2-100 centistokes at 210 DEG  F.  The ether starting materials may be made by etherification of trihydric alcohols of the formula HOCH2. CR(CH2OH).CH2OH, e.g., 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane, -butane, -pentane. Specified acid reactants are capric, n-valeric, iso-valeric, enanthic, caprylic, pelargonic, benzoic, succinic, adipic, sebacic, azelaic and phthalic acids.  The invention includes a liquid ester composition comprising the above ester and a liquid neutral simple ester.  In examples the following combinations of reactants are used, with the monoether of trimethylol-propane, (1) caprylic, sebacic and adipic acids; (7) caprylic and adipic acids; and (8) caprylic and succinic acids.ALSO:A liquid ester is made by reacting under esterification conditions, a saturated aliphatic non-hydroxylated monocarboxylic acid of 1-20 carbon atoms, or benzoic acid, or a mixture of any of these monocarboxylic acids, or a mixture of a monocarboxylic as aforesaid with a saturated aliphatic non-hydroxylated dicarboxylic acid of 2-14 carbon atoms or phthalic acid or a mixture of any of these dicarboxylic acids with an ether of the formula <FORM:1019452/C2/1> wherein R represents a C2- 4 alkyl group and n is an integer from 2-10, the relative proportions of acid and ether being such that the viscosity of the ester is 2-100 centistokes at 210 DEG  F.  Specified acids are n- and iso-valeric, enanthic, caprylic, pelargonic, benzoic, succinic, adipic, azelaic, and phthalic acids.  The ether starting materials may be prepared by refluxing a saturated trihydric alcohol of the formula HOCH2.CR(CH2OH).CH2OH, e.g. 1,1,1 - trimethylol propane, 1,1,1 - trimethylol butane and 1,1,1-trimethylol pentane, with an etherification catalyst.  The esterification, using the above acids and hydroxy ether, may be affected by refluxing the reactants in the presence of an esterification satalyst and a water entrainer. The invention includes the above esters in a liquid ester composition in which the second component is one or more liquid neutral simple esters (see Division C5).  Examples are provided.