Patent GB-190323826-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Calculating Machines.
Inventor: JUSTICE PHILIP MIDDLETON
Filed: 1903-11-03
Granted: 1904-03-10
Abstract: 23,826. Justice, P. M., [St. Louis Computing Co.]. Nov. 3. Calculating-apparatus.-Adding machines with mechanism for indicating and printing the items set and the total when required, also for clearing the totalizing-apparatus at will, and provided with a repeating device for multiplication, are described. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view, Fig. 7 a side elevation of the rear portion of the machine as seen in Fig. 3, Fig. 8 a similar view showing the opposite side of the machine, and Fig. 9 part of a vertical section transversely across the machine through the keyboard. The keys set stops to limit the stroke of control bars driven by the item trains, which set the printing and indicating wheels, so that when the lever B, Fig. 7, is operated, the item is printed and transferred to the totalizing- trains, and the item trains restored to zero ; but if the total lever C, Fig. 8, is now used to display and print the total by transferring it to the item trains, the latter are subsequently cleared by a lever A, which is also used after an item is set on the keyboard but is not required in the total. Upon depressing one of the nine keys 5 of each longitudinal row, a shoulder 7 on the stem engages the pin 14 on the stop 13, pivoted on a rod 12 mounted on plates 10, and forces it down against the spring 15. The recess 16 simultaneously engages and presses back the tongue 19 of the latch-plate 18<a>, in which position the upper end of the stop supports the control bar 30, normally held by the zero post 20 of the latch-plate. The plate is locked in position by its extension 21 engaging with a pawl 22 on the rocking bar 23, and is returned by the spring 24, the stop being similarly locked by engagement with the tongue and by the shoulder 17. Each stepped control bar, when drawn down by the spring 34 attached to the arm 33, actuates, by means of a segment and pinion 35 on shaft 36, the driving- segment 37 of an item train consisting of gear wheels 38 on a shaft 39, pinions 40, and wheels 38<a>, which move the item-indicating discs 43, visible through an aperture in the plate 4, and type-bearing discs 48. To place the items in the totalizing trains, the lever B, loose on the shaft 50, is depressed, whereupon its extension 60 rocks the cam-plats 63 about its pivot 64 by means of the groove 61 and pin 62, and the L-shaped slot 69 moves the roller 70 so as to turn slightly the totalizing-train-bearing frames 66, to which it is attached, about their pivots 67. These trains consist each of a primary pinion 81, and intermediate gearing ending in a cam disc 84 which rotates once for every ten units added to its train, and the primary pinions are brought into gear with the driving- segments 37. The motion of the frames 66, bearing the shaft 73, causes the pin 76 on the arm 75 keyed thereto to strike the lever 77 and be forced slightly backwards when the pin 59 drives the arm 58 keyed to the shaft 50, and the arm 54 lifts the pin 79 on to its cam face 80. Locking- pawls 72 of the totalizing-trains keyed to the shaft 73 are thus lifted, so that as the further movement of lever B brings the restoring cams 51 under projections 30<a> of the control bars, the movement of the item train to zero places the item in the totalizing-train. Figs. 20 and 21 show the transferring mechanism in the totalizing-trains, consist ing of wedge-shaped teeth 86, 87 oppositely placed on flanges 88, 89 diametrically opposite on a disc moving with the primary pinion 81, and of a wheel 94 with pallet teeth 95 in one piece with the pinion 97 loose on the shaft. The gear-wheel 82 of the train is wide enough to allow this pinion to slide laterally when the cam-disc 84 of the next lower train almost reaches the tens position, and the lever 85, engaging with a groove on the periphery of the cam and ending in a fork entering the groove 96, suddenly forces the pallet wheel to the right against the escapement teeth and returns it, causing the pinion 97 and cam 84 of the higher train to be advanced by one unit. The escapement teeth are covered by springs 90, 91 with movable sections 92, 93 forming one side and the apex of each tooth, and these co-operate with a slightly excess throw of the lever to ensure full carrying in every case. Depression of the total handle C on the shaft 100 throws the total trains into gear with the item trains at zero, unlocks the former, and allows the item trains to restore the total trains to zero and set the total on the indicating-discs, the keyboard being locked meanwile. Movement of the cam 101 on the shaft, the lever 103, and the cam face 104 thereon cause the totalizing-frame by means of its pin 105 to engage the driving-segments; the linkwork 107, 106 and pin 76 simultaneously lift the locking-pawls 72, and rotation of the shaft 27 by the links 108, 109 brings the arms 29 into the notches 26 of the latch-plates and prevents effective use of the keys. Slight errors in position of the carrying-cams are now corrected by the spring-pawl 110, which on the forward stroke engages truing-wheels 113, centered by the pawls 112<a>, which in turn strike the pins 114 on any of the cam-discs 84 in the transferring position, and bring them to coincidence. The link 122, arm 120, and cam slot 119 now co-operate to move the shaft 116 longitudinally, and so place stops 117 in the path of the zero pins 115, these pins being situated on the gear-wheel 82 in the case of the highest total train. Hand displacement of the shaft 27 longitudinally against the spring 28 moves the zero posts and latch tongues, and allows the springs 34 under the additional tension due to the rotation of the arm 123 to drive both trains. By operating the lever B before C is released the total may be again placed in the totalizing-trains and the item trains set to zero, the spring 28 returning the latch-plates. Otherwise, the return of lever C disengages the cleared totalizer, and a lever A, loose on the shaft 50 but driving it by means of the arm 52 and pin 53, may be depressed to clear the item trains. The momentum of the control bars and segments returning to the zero position is checked by a pin 200 bearing against a cam surface on the restoring cam 51, a recess allowing for excess motion during truing. The unlocking of the operated latchplates in restoring the item trains is effected by a cam 173, Fig. 7, on the shaft 50, the yoke 174, pin 176, and lever 177 rocking the bar 23, but the yoke is thrown off the cam when the multiplication head 183 is pulled out and rotated so that the pins 179 on the ratchetwheel 178 do not engage in the holes in the frame. In this position, the ratchet-wheel is fed by a pawl 84on the arm 185, with driving-link 186 attached to the cam plate 63, until the pins enter the holes, when the pawl ceases to engage. A divided circle 180 is adjusted to the number of times repetition is desired, and, to prevent fall of the control bars after they are restored and before the trains are disengaged, a spring-controlled frame 191 is brought momentarily under the control bars by the link 188. The printing-mechanism is controlled by the item trains and cam-plate 63. Cam tracks 130 on the wheels 38<a> move the levers 131 to free the levers 136, and simultaneously the cam-plate 63, lever 147, pawl 148, and ratchet 149 rotate the disc 139 so that the spring 141 can draw down the type hammer 143, the spring 144 permitting a free impact. Overlapping pins 145 are provided to lift the levers 131 in the case of zero characters. The slot 128 on the plate 63 moves the lever 127 and throws arms on the shaft 124 forward to lock the item trains during printing, and while these trains are being restored, the arm 54, links 151, 152, and ratchet gear 153, 154 on shaft 140 return the hammers. Paper passes from the roll 155 over idlers 157 and through the feed rolls 158, 159, and is fed by a ratchet-wheel on the roll 158, driven by a pawl on a sliding bar at the side of the hammer, actuated from the shaft 140 by means similar to that described for the printing stroke. This bar also vibrates a lever, pivoted on the spindle of the ribbon spool 169, and carrying a pawl gearing with a ratchet-wheel on the spool.