Patent GB-748305-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in brush manufacturing machinery
IPC: A46D3/06
Filed: 1953-09-25
Abstract: 748,305. Photo-electric control systems. ZAHORANSKY, A. Sept. 25, 1953 [Sept. 27, 1952], No. 26437/53. Class 40 (3). [Also in Groups XXII and XXIII] In an apparatus for drilling and/or filling brush-stocks 24<SP>1</SP> the displacement of a brushstock holder 24 is controlled by a photoelectric means responsive to an exchangeable control surface. The machine has a carriage 11 movable in the direction Z by a motor 1 driving through gearing 2, 3, 4 magnetic reversing clutches 6, 7 and a screw 8. A carriage 18 is movable on the carriage 11 in the direction Y by the motor 1, gearing 2, 3, 4, 16, magnetic reversing clutches 13, 14 and a screw 15. The holder 24 is mounted on the carriage 18 for movement in the X direction and is moved by the motor 1, gearing 2, 3, 4, 16, 19, magnetic reversing clutches 21, 22, and a screw 23. Each movement can be stopped independently by a brake 5, 12 or 20 which is released when either of the associated clutches is energized. A drilling or tufting tool 29 is fed to depth by an eccentric 27<SP>1</SP> driven by a motor 30. A drilling and a tufting head may be moved simultaneously. The motor 30 also rotates switch gear 26 which moves an endless control belt 37, Figs. 2 and 3, having slots 38 &c. which pass in front of photo-electric cells 33, 34, &c. on discs 39 &c. to control the machine programme. While the brush stock is stationary, the belt is advanced by a Maltese Cross drive. Each of the screws 8, 15, 23 is in one or other direction controlled by a pair of photo-electric cells such as 33, 34, for the screw 15, whose disc 40 is rotated by a gear 45 as long as the carriage 18 is moved. Each of the cells controls one of the clutches 13, 14 one of which is energized as long as light can pass through the appropriate slot 38 in the control belt 37. The light sources are energized by a switch actuated by the drill 27 when it has been withdrawn. The photoelectric cells may be connected to a thermionic amplifier and also a relay if the anode output of the valve is insufficient to energize the couplings or brakes. The diameters of the three control discs are different from one another so that the three sets of control slots may be concentrically positioned. The link between the moving parts and the photo-electric cell discs is illustrated in Fig. 5 in which a linkage 58, 59 rotates the disc 41 through a rack-and-pinion 46, 60 only when the holder 24 moves in the direction of the length of the rack. In a modified linkage, Fig. 6, movement of the carriage 24 is transmitted to the disc 441 by a cable 65. The table is moved by actuation of an electromagnet 78 controlling a valve 73 to admit hydraulic fluid or air to a cylinder 68. The photo-electric cells may be replaced by electromagnetic detectors co-operating with a selectively magnetized tape, or by acoustic detectors used with a continuously moving apertured control belt and an ultrasonic sound source. The movement of the discs may be magnified to give a relatively greater movement to the carriages. Six arcuate slots with various diameters may be provided to increase the movement of the discs. The control belt may also control means to vary the speed of the machine either through a thermionic valve to vary the motor speed or through levers to actuate a change-speed gear. Means may be provided to tilt the brush-stock when tufts are to be inserted radially.