Patent GB-190310242-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Manufacture of Organic Sulpho-compounds.
Filed: 1903-05-05
Granted: 1904-03-17
Abstract: 10,242. Iljinskij, M., and Wedekind & Co., R. May 5. Sulphonic acids.-Organic sulpho compounds are produced more readily than usual, and with the sulphonic group in new positions, by adding comparatively small quantities of mercury or mercury compounds to the ingredients used. Examples :-(1) Anthraquinone, fuming sulphuric acid, and a small quantity of mercury (2À5 parts to 500 of anthraquinone) are heated to 130‹ C. for 3 hours. After cooling, the mass is placed in cold water while stirring, boiled, and any anthraquinone present removed by filtration. The main product is a hitherto unknown anthraquinone-o-monosulphonic acid together with some anthraquinone-o-disulphonic acids. The former forms a series of difficultly-soluble salts, for example, those of lead, barium, potassium, and strontium, while its calcium salt is moderately soluble in hot water and crystallizes in small needles. (2) The same bodies with 5 parts of mercury and a larger proportion of fuming sulphuric acid are heated slowly to 160‹ C. and kept at this temperature for one hour. Soluble sulphonic acids result, which contain a series of o-disulphonic acids, chiefly the 1:5-disulphonic acid, with some o-monosulphonic-acid. These may be separated, e.g., by neutralization with lime, the 1 : 8-disulphonic acid precipitating first, and then the 1 5-disulphonic acid, leaving some 1 :5-disulphonic acid and at least two new disulphonic acids of which one is 1 : 7-disulphonic acid. (3) Anthraquinone, fuming sulphuric acid, and a small quantity of mercury sulphate are heated slowly to 130‹ C., and kept at this temperature for one hour. After cooling, the acids are converted into lime salts and evaporated. The chief products are m-o-disulphonic acids with a preponderance of 1 : 7-disulphonic acid. (4) Sodium anthraquinonem-monosulphonate, sodium anthraquinone-alpha-disulphonate, or sodium anthraquinone-#-disulphonate, when heated with mercury sulphate, and fuming sulphuric acid, yields products which form readilysoluble salts. (5) Anthraflavic acid, mercury and fuming sulphuric acid are heated, forming a soluble sulphonic acid which forms a soluble sodium salt. (6) Potassium anthraquinone-alpha-monosulphonic acid, mercury and fuming sulphuric acid are heated, forming soluble sulphonic acids, giving soluble calcium salts. Oxyanthraquinones.-By fusing the oxyanthraquinone-o-monosulphonic acid, prepared as in example 1, with lime, the lrythro-oxyanthraquinone is formed. By fusing the 1 : :8- and 1 : 5- disulphonic acid salts, obtained in example 2, with lime, chrysazine and anthrarufin are obtained. Other oxyanthraquinones may be obtained by fusing with lime the product obtained in example 6. Dyes, artificial.-The readily soluble salts obtained from sodium anthraquinone-alpha-disulphonate may be converted into a new oxyanthraquinone sulphonic acid which dyes mordanted wool a violet-red. The readily soluble salts obtained from sodium anthraquinone-#-disulphonate can also be converted into a new oxyanthraquinone sulphonic acid which dies mordanted wool a violetred. Alizarin yields a new sulphonic acid. Chloro compounds, organic.-The alizarin sulphonic acid may be converted into a chloro compound, which does not act as a dye, and is therefore different from that described in the German Patent No. 77,179.