Patent GB-961395-A (GB)
Title: A process for the preparation of additives for lubricants and lubricants containing them
IPC: C08F222/10
Filed: 1962-12-27
Abstract: Oil-soluble copolymers with interlinked chains may be prepared by reacting (A) an ester of a monohydric alcohol containing 4 to 30 carbon atoms and an unsaturated carboxylic acid; (B) a monoester of a polyhydric alcohol and an unsaturated carboxylic acid and (C) a compound containing two olefinic double bonds, the ratio of the number of units C to the total number of units A and B being at least 1 to 2,000.  Alternatively the copolymers may be obtained by copolymerizing monomer A or monomers A and B with an unsaturated carboxylic acid and esterifying the product with a polyhydric alcohol or alkylene oxide or by reacting a copolymer of monomer A and B with a carboxyl containing polymer. Monomer A may be an ester of acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, tiglic, angelic, maleic, fumaric, mesaconic, citraconic or itaconic acid; and monomer an ester of such acids with ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine, erythritol, pentaerythritol or mannitol. Monomer C may be an ester of a dicarboxylic acid and an unsaturated alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and an unsaturated carboxylic acid, a dialkenyl ether or a hydrocarbon, e.g. esters of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, erythritol, pentaerythritol or mannitol with acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, tiglic or angelic acids; divinyl, diallyl and dipropenyl esters and ethers; conjugated diolefins and divinyl and diallyl benzenes. Copolymerization may be effected in solution, e.g. in benzene or mixtures of benzene and isopropanol, in the presence of catalysts, e.g. benzoyl peroxide; the monomers being added incrementally. In examples (I) stearyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate are copolymerized; (II) stearyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and methacrylic acid are copolymerized and the copolymer reacted with ethylene oxide; (III) a copolymer of stearyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate and methacrylic acid is reacted with ethylene oxide; (IV) a copolymer of stearyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is reacted with a copolymer of stearyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid; and stearyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate are copolymerized with (V) divinyl adipate and (VI) divinyl benzene. The products may be added to mineral and synthetic lubricating oils and greases, fatty oils and liquid fuels.ALSO:Fuel and lubricating oil compositions comprise oil-soluble copolymers with interlinked chains derived from monomeric components (A) an ester of a monohydric alcohol containing 4 to 30 carbon atoms and an unsaturated carboxylic acid, (B) a monoester of a polyhydric alcohol and an unsaturated carboxylic acid, and (C) a compound containing two olefinic double bonds, the ratio of the number of units C to the total number of units A and B being at least 1 to 2000.  Specified unsaturated acids are acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, tiglic, angelic, maleic, fumaric, mesaconic, citraconic and itaconic acids, and specified polyhydric alcohols are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine, erythritol, pentaerythritol and mannitol.  The monomer C may be an ester of a dicarboxylic acid and an unsaturated alcohol, an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and an unsaturated acid, a dialkenyl ether or a hydrocarbon such as a conjugated diolefin or a divinyl or diallyl benzene.  Fuels specified include gasoline, kerosine, gas oil and residual fuels, while lubricating oils specified include mineral oil (e.g. paraffinic) and lubricating oils containing fatty oils.