baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1325324-A (GB)
Title: Stages oxygenation of water containing biochemically oxidizable material
Inventor: MCWHIRTER J R
IPC: C02F103/36
Filed: 1970-07-01
Abstract: 1325324 Sewage treatment UNION CARBIDE CORP 1 July 1970 [2 July 1969] 31858/70 Heading C1C Water having a BOD is treated by mixing with a biomass and feed gas comprising at least 50% oxygen (by volume) simultaneously continuously recirculating one of such fluids against the other fluid forms in a first gaseous oxygenation stage to form first oxygenated liquidsolid and first unconsumed oxygen-containing gas comprising at least 35% oxygen; discharging said first unconsumed oxygen-containing gas from the first stage and mixing the discharged gas with liquid-solid simultaneously continuously recirculating one of such fluids against the other fluids in at least one further gaseous oxygenation stage to form at least a second oxygenated liquid-solid and second unconsumed oxygen-containing gas of lower oxygen purity and content than the first gas, and discharging the second gas from the second stage; and regulating the flow of oxygen-containing gas and/or liquid-solid and regulating the mixing and gas-liquid contact energy input to the first and all succeeding gaseous oxygen stages such that: (a) at least 60% (by volume) of the oxygen in said feed gas is consumed in the liquid-solid of all stages, (b) between 0À04 and 0À24 kg.- moles per hour of oxygen are introduced to the first stage per one kilowatt of mixing and gasliquid contact energy used in all stages, and (c) the gas discharged from the final gaseous oxygenation stage wherein unconsumed oxygen gas from the preceding stage has been contacted with aqueous liquid-solid, comprises more than 21% and less than 80% oxygen.
Patent GB-1103155-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to quinazolines
IPC: C07D239/92
Filed: 1966-07-15
Abstract: Novel compounds of the tautomeric formulae <FORM:1103155/C2/1> and <FORM:1103155/C2/2> wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is a hydrogen or halogen atom or an alkyl, aryl, nitro or hydroxy group and R is a saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic radical or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl radical, are prepared by reacting an o-aminophenylhydroxamic acid of the formula <FORM:1103155/C2/3> with an aldehyde of the formula RCHO or an acylate thereof.  The novel compounds may be dehydrated, e.g. by azeotropic distillation or by means of dehydrating agents, into 4-ketoquinazolines of the formula <FORM:1103155/C2/4> Pharmaceutical compositions having bacteriostatic activity, for oral or parenteral administration, comprise one of the above novel compounds together with a carrier.
Patent GB-1263044-A (GB)
Title: Tetrahydropyrido-thioxanthene derivatives, compositions containing them, and the preparation thereof
IPC: C07D217/14
Filed: 1970-07-01
Abstract: 1,263,044. Substituted pyrido- and tetrahydropyrido-thioxanthenes. MERCK PATENT G.m.b.H. 1 July, 1970 [22 Aug., 1969], No. 31992/70. Heading C2C. Novel 1,2,3,11b-tetrahydropyrido[3,4,5 - m,n]- thioxanthenes of the general formula wherein R represents hydrogen or C 1-4  alkyl, and X and Y both represent hydrogen, chlorine or C 1-4  alkyl and acid addition salts thereof, are prepared by cyclizing a compound of formula wherein Z represents -CHO or -CH 2 Q (Q is OH or a reactively esterified OH group); by reacting a compound of formula with sulphur, sulphur dichloride, sulphur dibromide or a reactant which splits off sulphur under the reaction conditions to form a thioether bridge; and by reducing a compound corresponding to the first formula above except that it has one or more reducible groups in the nitrogen-containing ring for example, one or more double bonds in the 2,3- and/or 1,11b- or 1,2-positions or a carbonyl group in the 1- and/or 3-positions. Pyrido[3,4,5 : m,n]-thioxanthene is obtained as a by-product from the reaction of 10-formylaminomethylthioxanthene (obtainable by boiling 10-aminomethylthioxanthene and formic acid) with phosphorus pentoxide and phosphoric acid to form 1,2,3,11b-tetrahydropyrido[3,4,5 : m,n]- thioxanthene and may be converted to the corresponding 2-methoiodide. Other by-products obtained are 4-chloro-, 10-chloro-, 4-methyl- and 10-methyl-pyrido[3,4,5 : m,n]-thioxanthene. 2-Chloro-10-formylaminomethylthioxanthene is prepared by the reaction of 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzoic and sulphuric acid, reduction of the resulting 2-chlorothioxanthone to form 2-chlorothioxanthene, stepwise treatment with lithium butyl, carbon dioxide (2-chlorothioxanthene-10- carboxylic acid), thionyl chloride, ammonia (2- chlorothioxanthene - 10 - carboxylic acid amide), LiAlH 4 /AlCl 3 , hydrobromic acid (2-chloro-10- aminomethylthioxanthene hydrobromide) and boiling with formic acid in toluene. 2-Methyl-10- formylaminomethylthioxanthene is prepared by a similar method. 2 - Methyl - 4 - phenyltetrahhdroisoquinoline hydrobromide is prepared by the cyclization of N - formyl - 2,2 - diphenyl - 1 - aminoethane with polyphosphoric acid, hydrogenation in presence of Raney nickel and methylation with formaldehyde and formic acid. Pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral, enteral or topical application which have a tranquillizing and/or hypnotic and/or antidepressant and/or narcosis-potentiating action and also have a slight muscle-relaxant action contain the 1,2,3,11b-tetrahydropyrido-[3,4,5 : m,n]-thioxanthenes of the first formula above as the active ingredient.
Patent GB-960047-A (GB)
Title: Process for reducing the molecular weight of polyoxymethylene
IPC: C08G2/28
Filed: 1962-08-21
Abstract: A polymer or copolymer containing oxymethylene groups is irradiated with high energy irradiation to reduce its average molecular weight. Polymers of trioxane and its copolymer with epichlorohdyrin are specified. The radiation dose may be from 0.01 to 36 megarads or preferably 0.1 to 36 megarads; the radiation may comprise electrons of energy from 0.000015 to 5.0 mev, and the irradiation may be carried out in vacuo or in an inert atmosphere. The polymer may be held, after irradiation, at a temperature above its melting point for 10 to 60 seconds, and may be heated to 170 DEG  to 200 DEG C for this time.
Patent GB-843742-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the purification of ethers
IPC: C07D319/12
Filed: 1958-10-08
Abstract: Peroxides and water are eliminated from ethers by mixing the ether with an organic phosphite of formula:  <FORM:0843742/IV(b)/1> in which R1, R2 and R3 are each radicals having 6-15 carbon atoms, R1 being an aromatic hydrocarbon radical and R2 and R3 being aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals, the phosphite having a boiling-point of at least 200 DEG C. at normal pressure; refluxing the resulting mixture of ether and phosphite at a temperature at least 15 DEG C. above the boiling temperature of the ether and distilling off the ether.  The phosphate may be used by itself or may be diluted with a hydrocarbon having a boiling point not below 200 DEG C.  Suitable phosphites are for example, triphenyl-, tricresyl-, trixylenyl-, trioctylphenyl-, triponylphenyl-, octyldiphenyl-, dioctylphenyl- and nonyldicresylphosphites.  Ethers which may be purified are, for example, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofurane, dioxane, 1.2-dimethoxy ethane and 1,2:diethoxyethane.  The purification may be carried out batchwise or continuously.
Patent GB-1441968-A (GB)
Title: Traffic surveillance system
IPC: G08G1/01
Filed: 1973-07-05
Abstract: 1441968 Road-traffic signalling THOMSONCSF 5 July 1973 [6 July 1972] 32178/73 Heading G4Q [Also in Division H4] To determine the distance, size, spacing and speed of vehicles on a route, a leaky transmission line 12, laid along the route, is used as the transmitting and receiving antenna of a pulse radar. The transmission line, terminated in its characteristic impedance 23, may be a coaxial line with an axial slot in its side, becoming wider as it proceeds from the radar to give a constant field, or may be an axially slotted waveguide also having an increasing width slot. The radar pulses produced by a pulsed magnetron 22 are detected after reflection by the vehicle(s) at 29 after IF mixing at 27 with output from local oscillator 26. The detected echoes are displayed at 31, with the distance, size and spacing of the vehicles being given by the delay, width and spacing respectively of the displayed echoes. The speed of the vehicles is given by the change of spacing from one p.r.p. to the next. By using coherent detection (Figs. 6, 7, not shown). fixed objects are rejected and the speed of the vehicles directly measured.
Patent GB-1247561-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to image forming apparatus
Inventor: SINNOTT RICHARD CLEMENT
IPC: G08B5/22
Filed: 1968-07-05
Abstract: 1,247,561. Display apparatus. R. C. SINNOTT, A. W. BOLLS, and R. L. KING, [trading as SINNOTT CO.]. 5 July, 1968 [5 July, 1967], No. 32211/68. Heading G5C. [Also in Division H1] An image forming device comprises a hollow enclosure including a transparent window 212 containing magnetic electrically non-conductive particles, means 202 for producing an alternating magnetic field for agitating the particles to form a transparent cloud, the particles being electrostatically charged, and means for producing an electrostatic image on a display surface 208 of the enclosure to attract particles on to the surface and form a visible image. The surface 208 is the end wall of a C.R.T. and a negative charge is placed on the surface by modulating the intensity of a scanned beam. The particles have a higher dielectric constant than that of the walls of the container and on impact acquire a positive charge and are then attracted to the surface 208. An erase and refining coil 220 is disposed adjacent the wall 208. It prevents particles adhering to non- charged areas of the surface and for erasure when the surface is flooded by an electron gun 230. The particles are mixed with much larger particles retained at the bottom of the container by a screen 229. Specification 1,171,145 is referred to.
Patent GB-618175-A (GB)
Title: The production of polyvinyl amine compounds
IPC: C08F8/00
Filed: 1946-10-30
Abstract: A salt of a basic polyvinylamine compound is prepared by reacting a polyvinyl cyclic imide with hydrazine hydrate, treating the resinous product with an acid and separating the formed salt from impurities by dissolving in water and precipitating in a water-miscible liquid which is a non-solvent for the salt. Alternatively, the resinous product may be treated with an acylating agent and the formed acylamide hydrolysed to a salt of polyvinylamine.  The polyvinyl cyclic imides preferably contain 5 or 6 atoms in the ring and have the general formula <FORM:0618175/IV(a)/1> where R represents a divalent organic radical, e.g. an ethylene group, a 1,2-propylene or a 1,2-phenylene group, or these groups substituted by one or more alkyl, alkoxy, phenyl, carbethoxy or halogen groups.  Polyvinyl phthalimide, succinimide and glutarimide are specified.  On refluxing with hydrazine hydrate, a polymeric substituted cyclic hydrazide of, for example, phthalic acid, is formed which, when treated with, for example, halogen acids, acetic, alpha-chlorpropionic or brombenzoic acids, form the corresponding salt of polyvinylamine.  Suitable non-solvents for the salts are methanol, ethanol and acetone.  In the acylamide process, the isolated and dried polymeric substituted cyclic hydrazide is treated with acyl anhydrides such as acetic, propionic, butyric, phenoxyacetic or benzoic anhydrides, and the acylamide hydrolysed with, for example, hydrochloric acid, to the amine salt.  The free base polyvinylamine may be obtained in the usual ways but preferably in the absence of carbon dioxide.  In addition, examples describe the polymerization of N-vinyl phthalimide by refluxing a solution of it in ethylene dichloride and methanol containing benzoyl peroxide and precipitating in ethanol.  5: Polyvinylbenzamide is prepared by mixing polyvinylamine hydrobromide with benzoyl chloride and caustic soda, the product being soluble in methanol, ethanol and in acetone-water and dioxane-water mixtures. 6B: Polyvinyl phthalimide is refluxed with hydrazine hydrate and water-producing polyvinylamine and the hydrazine salt of phthalhydrazide.  The latter is removed by precipitation in methanol and by forming the barium salt.  Carbon dioxide is passed in to remove the barium and forms a polyvinylamine salt of carbonic acid which with concentrated hydrobromic acid gives polyvinylamine hydrobromide. Polyvinylamine may be used in photographic emulsions, alone or together with polyvinyl alcohol or cellulose compounds.  The polyvinyl acylamides may be used as fibres and in film base.ALSO:Vinyl cyclic imides, the polymers of which may be reacted with hydrazine hydrate in the formation of basic salts of polyvinylamine compounds (see Group IV (a)), are prepared by pyrolysis of the N-(beta-acyloxyethyl) derivatives of cyclic imides: e.g. vinyl phthalimide from N-(beta-acetoxyethyl) phthalimide.
Patent GB-876442-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for the recovery of sulphur and ammonia from liquids
Inventor: SIMPSON PETER
IPC: C01B17/06
Filed: 1959-04-09
Abstract: Gas washing liquor containing ammonium salts of the oxyacids of sulphur is heated sufficiently to decompose the salts into ammonia, sulphur di- and tri-oxides, and steam; the sulphur oxides are reduced to hydrogen sulphide and the cooled decomposed mixture of gases are condensed and distilled.  The heat may cause decomposition of the salts <PICT:0876442/III/1> according to the equations <FORM:0876442/III/1> these decompositions preferably being effected at 800 DEG C. Reduction of the sulphur oxides to hydrogen sulphide may be effected either by reducing gases, e.g. CO+H2 in the presence of a hot bauxite catalyst or by a bed of hot solid carbonaceous material.  As shown in Fig. 1 wash liquor containing both ammonia and sulphur is fed from a gas scrubber 1 to a vapourising unit 2 which is maintained at 800 DEG C.  Reducing gas from a holder 3 is fed into vapourising unit 2 together with a supply of air from a pump 4.  The mixed gases pass from vapourising unit 2 to reactor 5 maintained at 450-550 DEG C., units 2 and 5 being enclosed in a common shell to minimise external heat losses.  The gas leaving reactor 5 consisting of NH3, H2S, N2, H2O (steam), CO2 and small amounts of H2 and CO, are passed through waste heat boiler 6 which cools the gases to 100-110 DEG C.  Passage of the gas through condenser 7 removes H2O (steam), NH3 and H2S; N2 and CO2 are returned to scrubber 1 to recover traces of H2S therefrom.  The condensate passes to still 10 where it is converted to ammonia liquor in known way which is recycled to scrubber 1.  The H2S liberated is fed to a Klaus Kiln 12 where it is burned to S in the presence of air. Gases from kiln 12 are also recycled to scrubber 1 through line 15 to effect recovery of any S entrained therein.
Patent GB-224750-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in suspension means for vehicles
IPC: B60G13/04
Filed: 1923-12-28
Abstract: 224,750. Brown, W. A. S. Dec. 28, 1923. Vibration-dampers.-In a spring suspension for vehicles wherein the wheels are mounted on stubaxles carried by levers pivoted to the frame and controlled by springs, vibration-dampers are provided in conjunction with the pivots of the levers. The dampers may be of the friction-disc type, or, as shown, the lever 14 may carry a sleeve 41 which serves as a bearing for the pivot 15 and is engaged by a band 42 fixed at one end to a bracket 43 on the frame 1 by a bolt 44 which passes through the other end of the band, the pressure of the band on the sleeve being adjusted by a spring 46 and nut 45.
Patent GB-1105186-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to circular saws
IPC: B23Q1/70
Filed: 1965-07-29
Abstract: 1,105,186. Sawing. H. AMACHER. 29 July, 1965 [31 Aug., 1964], No. 32504/65. Heading B5L. [Also in Division B3] A circular saw for cutting lead, zinc or plastic in the graphic art comprises a cutting block 14 carrying adjustable cutters 16 which is arranged in the central aperture 15 in a blade 1 of the saw and adapted to be rotated at a higher speed than the saw blade. The blade 1 is secured to a hub 5 on a hollow shaft 6 mounted in bearings 7 in a housing 8. A pulley 12 is secured to the opposite end of the shaft 6 adjacent a second pulley 20 secured to the end of a shaft 13 carried by bearings 17 in the hollow shaft 6. The cutting block 14 is secured to the end of the shaft 13 and is disposed within a recess 15 in the hub 5 and on its outer face is provided with the adjustable cutters 16. In use, the cutter block is rotated at approximately three times the speed of the saw so that the peripheral speeds of the saw and cutter are approximately equal. The pulleys 12, 20 may be driven by a single motor. In another embodiment, the blade and cutter are driven together by a transmission gear connected therebetween. The assembly may be sunk half way into a housing, the cover of which acts as a table for supporting workpieces.
Patent GB-931421-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to stereophonic sound transmission systems
Inventor: PERCIVAL WILLIAM SPENCER
IPC: H04H20/88
Filed: 1958-10-11
Abstract: 931,421. Multiplex radio signalling. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Oct. 12, 1959 [Oct. 11, 1958], No. 32521/58. Class 40 (5). In a stereophonic sound transmission system two carrier waves are transmitted which are angle-modulated in opposite directions by directional audio signals so that monaural reproduction may be obtained in response to the frequency difference of the two modulated carrier-waves. As shown, the system is combined with a television transmission system of conventional type. The left audio signal 1 and the right audio signal 2 are supplied to frequency modulators 5 and 6 respectively and the video signal 3 and accompanying audio signal 4 are supplied respectively to an amplitude modulator 7 and frequency modulator 8. The carrier-waves for the modulators are supplied from the sources 9, 10, 11, 12, which are coupled together to ensure that all the carrier-waves have fixed frequency relationships. The carrier-waves fed to the modulators 5, 6, may have a frequency difference of 150 kc/s. and the maximum frequency deviation may be of the order of Œ50 kc/s. The modulated waves are combined at 14 and transmitted from a single aerial 15. The carrier frequencies are arranged so that the modulation components produced by the television audio signal lie above the upper sideband of the television carrier-wave, the lower sideband being vestigially transmitted, and the respective sidebands produced by the modulators 5, 6, lie above the television soundfrequency band. The carrier-wave modulated by the video signal may be used in a stereophonic receiver to provide a reference frequency for the demodulation of the directional audio signals. A wide-band receiver may be provided with switching means enabling the reception of either the television or stereophonic transmission. Monaural transmissions may be provided by frequency modulating the two carriers in the modulators 5, 6 in opposite directions by the same audio signal.
Patent GB-310212-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for liquefying oxides of nitrogen
IPC: C01B21/20
Filed: 1927-12-02
Abstract: 310,212. Johnson, J. Y., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Dec. 2, 1927. Separating gases by liquefaction. - Oxides of nitrogen are liquefied by cooling in the presence of small amounts of anhydrous nitric acid which may contain nitrogen oxides; the liquefaction may be assisted by pressure. The acid may be added e.g., to gases obtained by burning ammonia, or it may be present in the gases to be condensed; or oxygen and wa.ter vapour may be allowed to be present in sufficient amounts to form acid. Undiluted nitrogen peroxide obtained by warming nitric acid in which nitrogen oxides have been dissolved is liquefied by cooling water at 18‹ C. when 2-4 per cent of nitric acid vapour by volume is present.
Patent GB-537513-A (GB)
Title: Earth inductor compass
IPC: G01C17/30
Filed: 1939-12-20
Abstract: 537,513. Earth inductor compasses. BENDIX AVIATION CORPORATION. Dec. 20, 1939, No. 32614. Convention date, Dec. 29, 1938. [Class 37] An earth inductor compass has a plurality of wound pole pieces, in the windings of which are induced by the earth's magnetic field a plurality of alternating EMF's of substantially the same phase. The stator of the earth inductor 1 comprises three pole pieces 2, 3, 4 of highly permeable magnetic material, such as permalloy, wound with coils 5, 6, 7. An unwound rotor 8, also of permalloy, is rotated by means of a motor M and generates E.M.F's in the coils - 5, 6, 7 proportional to the cosme of the angle # between the centre line of each coil and the direction N of the earth's field. The coils 5, 6, 7 are connected in three-phase relation to a point 16 and, through amplifiers VT1, VT2, VT3 and transformers Ti, T2, T3 to the stator windings 18, 19, 20 of a phase meter 17. The rotor winding 22 is supplied with a locally generated single-phase current of the same frequency as the three E.M.F's generated from the earth's magnetic field. As shown, this is derived from a generator G of the type described in Specification 537,514 and comprising a variable condenser having a stationary plate with radial portions 23, 24, 25 and a rotatable plate with radial portions 26, 27, 28. The rotatable plate is driven from the motor M at the same speed as the rotor 8. The variable condenser is connected to the input of a valve VT4 through a condenser C1 and across a resistor R1, the output of the valve being connected to the winding 22 through a transformer T4. A D.C. charging potential is impressed on the variable condenser through a resistor R2, the potential across which is increased and decreased by rotation of the condenser rotor. The rotor winding 22 of the phase meter 17 takes up a position dependent on the direction of the earth's field, which is indicated by a pointer 31.
Patent GB-862507-A (GB)
Title: Polymerization process and product
IPC: C08F36/04
Filed: 1957-10-18
Abstract: Homo- or co-polymers of olefinic compounds are prepared by conducting the polymerization in a redox-type aqueous emulsion system at a temperature between 0 and 35 DEG  C. employing diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide in quantity sufficient to act both as an oxidizing agent and as the sole chain terminating agent, thereby producing polymers containing terminal hydroperoxy groups.  Olefinic compounds specified are butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl butadiene, isoprene, piperylene, 2-chlorobutadiene, 2-bromobutadiene, vinyl acetate, methyl vinyl and isopropenyl ketones, methyl vinyl ether, styrene, chlorostyrene, alpha-methyl styrene, alkyl styrenes, vinyl naphthalene, methyl and ethyl acrylates, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methacrylamide, vinyl and vinylidene chlorides and vinyl pyridine and mixtures thereof, e.g. mixtures of butadiene and styrene, chlorostyrene, alpha-methyl styrene, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, acrylamide and vinyl pyridine, and a mixture of isoprene and styrene.  As reducing component for the redox catalyst system there is specified ferrous sulphate.  The aqueous medium may also contain potassium fatty acid soap or dodecylamine hydrochloride as an emulsifier and potassium pyrophosphate as a sequestering agent.  The catalyst components may be added portionwise during the course of the reaction.  The polymers containing terminal hydroperoxy groups may be used to initiate the polymerization of unsaturated monomers of the types specified above, thereby producing block copolymers.  Such second stage polymerizations are preferably carried out in solution in a solvent such as benzene.  The preparation of block copolymers is described in Examples XXIV to XXX.  Specification 785,169 is referred to.