baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FI-20000186-A (FI)
Inventor: ILMONEN TEUVO
IPC: D21H11/02
Filed: 2000-01-28
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a coated paper web, According to the process, a paper web is formed from a fibrous raw material in a paper machine, the paper web is coated with a pigment-containing coating mix, and the coated paper web is calendered. According to the invention, the paper web is coated with a coating composition that contains as the mineral pigment mainly a mixture of gypsum and calcium carbonate, the amount of gypsum being at minimum 10% by weight of the total amount of gypsum and calcium carbonate. With mixtures of calcium carbonate and gypsum, such as mixtures of PCC and gypsum and mixtures of PCC, ground carbonate and gypsum, there are obtained simultaneously a sufficient gloss and smoothness as well as a brightness and opacity better than with PCC-kaolin pastes.
Patent FI-20030927-A (FI)
Inventor: VAN DER TOL JOHANNES JACOBUS G
IPC: G02B6/12
Filed: 2003-06-19
Abstract: An optical waveguide circuit comprises a mode splitter (75) and an input guide (71) and first and second output guides (72, 73), and a mode converter (74) incorporated in the input guide for converting a fraction of an optical signal (Ii), entering via the input waveguide, of a first propagation mode into a second propagation mode having mutually different order. The mode converter (74) has a first wave guiding section (79) and a second wave guiding section (80), which adjoin each other via a single discontinuity (K). The first and/or second section are adiabatic taper sections (79, 80), which have propagation modalities, as a result of which, at the discontinuity, a coupling can take place between two propagation modes of different order, whereas the extent (xs) of discontinuity determines the fraction of conversion for obtaining a desired splitting ratio in emitting signals (Io1, Io2). <IMAGE>
Patent FI-20070533-A (FI)
Inventor: HELANTO ERKKI
IPC: B22D/
Filed: 2007-07-06
Abstract: The invention relates to a closing mechanism (1) for dispensing molten metal from a hole-bottomed ladle, said closing mechanism containing three at least partially superimposed ceramic plates (2, 3, 4), each of said plates (2, 3, 4) being provided with a hole (5), said three ceramic plates (2, 3, 4) being cast in a ceramic mass (7), said mass (7) being present on at least two sides of the ceramic plates (2, 3, 4), and the ceramic plates (2, 3, 4), the ceramic mass (7), and a metal shell (10), used as a casting mold, establishing together an integrated unit.
Patent FR-1011318-A (FR)
IPC: H01L21/103
Filed: 1949-01-17
Granted: 1952-06-23
Abstract: 659,990. Light-sensitive cells. WESTING- HOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO., Ltd. Dec. 14, 1949, No. 32040. Convention date, Jan. 17. [Class 40 (iii)] In a process for the manufacture of selenium photo-electric cells, the selenium is annealed at a temperature below 200‹ C., and preferably between 130‹ and 140‹ C., whilst being strongly illuminated by light rays of the visible and/or infra-red portions of the spectrum, The annealing may be carried out in free air.
Patent FR-1603077-A (FR)
Title: Production of flameproof resin foams by mixing a resin
IPC: C08J9/00
Filed: 1968-08-29
Granted: 1971-03-15
Abstract: Prodn. of flameproof resin foams by placing a heat softened thermoplastic resin under pressure in an extruder and injection into the resin, a mixture of a volatile foaming additive (pref. 7-30 wt.%) and of a flame retardant additive (pref. 0.2-3 wt.%). On discharge from the extruder into a cold, low press. chamber the resin foam is obtained. By this extrusion technique, a resin foam having satisfactory flame proofing properties is obtained.
Patent GB-1050431-A (GB)
IPC: A24C5/36
Abstract: 1,050,431. Stripping cigarettes K. KÍRBER. Nov. 29, 1962 [Dec. 15, 1961], No. 44990/61. Heading A2C. Apparatus for removing cigarette filter tips from the tobacco portions of cigarettes comprises conveyors which grip both the tobacco and filter portions respectively and cause them to execute different movements while travelling transversely to their axes. A delivery box 1 (Figs. 1 and 2) consists of upright walls 2 and 3 and guide walls 5. A casing 6 provides supports for drive shafts 11 and 12 and idler shafts 13 and 14. Driving rolls 15, 16, 17 and 18, 19, 20 are fitted to the shafts 11 and 12, the rolls 15, 17, 18 and 20 being keyed to the shafts whilst rolls 16 and 19 are freely rotatable thereon. Guide rolls 23, 24, 25 and 26, 27 and 28 are similarly mounted on shafts 13, 14. Conveyor belts 29, 30, 34, 35 and 42, 43 are guided around the rollers to form ducts 33, 38 and 39 respectively. The rolls are driven through suitable gearing so that the belts 34, 35 run at a faster speed than the belts 29, 30 and 42, 43. Rejected or faulty cigarette groups G consisting of two tobacco portions T1 and T2 joined by a double length filter F are fed into the ducts 33, 38 and 39 and the filter portion in the duct 38 is separated from the tobacco portions by reason of the differing speeds of conveyance. In a second embodiment (Fig. 6) additional shafts 171, 172, 173 and 174 are provided which have rollers supporting inclined conveyer belts. The inclined belts are provided for the tobacco portions of the groups, as T1, the filter sections F being constrained to travel vertically. The tobacco portions are thus torn from the filter portions. If single cigarettes are being operated on then only two ducts need be provided. In a further arrangement (Fig. 13, not shown) the belts are made to diverge from each other so as to pull the cigarette portions from the filter portions.
Patent GB-1051674-A (GB)
IPC: C08G63/83
Abstract: 1,051,674. Linear aromatic polyesters. MONSANTO CO. Nov. 27, 1964 [Nov. 27, 1963], No. 48341/64. Heading C3R. In the manufacture of high molecular weight polyesters by esterifying a free aromatic dicarboxylio acid with a molar excess of a polymethylene glycol and thereafter polymerizing the resulting esters, polymerization is effected in the presence of a catalytic amount of a zinc glycoloxide of formula [Zn(C 2 H 4 O 2 )] x  where x is one or more. The aromatic dicarboxylic acid is preferably a p- or p,p<SP>1</SP>-dicarboxylic acid or a naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and part of this may be replaced by an aromatic -m-dicarboxylic acid or an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. Preferably the reaction is effected first at superatmospheric pressure with continuous removal of water, then excess glycol is removed and finally the resulting monomeric esters or low polymers thereof are polymerized under reduced pressure. A bulk or continuous process may be used. Examples describe the preparation of polyethylene terephthalate.
Patent GB-1051947-A (GB)
IPC: C07D331/02
Abstract: 1,051,947. Thiiran compounds. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. Sept. 15, 1965 [Sept. 18, 1964], No. 38274/64. Heading C2C. A process for preparing alkylene or cycloalkylene sulphides which may be substituted, e.g. by SH, or contain more than one thiiran ring, comprises heating a #-mercapto alkanol or cycloalkanol under dehydration conditions in a reaction zone comprising an acid dehydration catalyst which, at the reaction temperature, is non-volatile and does not decompose to give any volatile decomposition product capable of catalysing the polymerization of the alkylene sulphide, and continuously removing alkylene sulphide as a vapour phase. Specified catalysts include alkali metal bisulphates, acid phosphates, sulphonic acids, sulphonated cross-linked polystyrene, acid clays, alumina, silica gel and siliceous earth. The catalyst may be solid, molten or in suspension in an inert liquid. A support may be used. The alkylene sulphide may be removed with the aid of a stream of inert gas or vapour, or with an entraining agent, e.g. a hydrocarbon. The alkylene sulphide may be condensed in a low temperature zone preferably after removal of water.
Patent GB-1052063-A (GB)
IPC: B05C7/02
Abstract: 1,052,063. Coating process and apparatus. TEKTRONIX, Inc. Oct. 28, 1963, No. 42448/ 63. Headings B2K and B2L. Apparatus for coating the interior surfaces of a groove in a grooved member with a liquid includes a hollow coating member having foraminous side and end walls conforming to the interior surfaces of the groove with the walls spaced from such interior surfaces, first means for inserting the filled coating member into the groove and second means for forcing coating liquid from the interior of the coating member outwardly through the foraminous walls thereof into contact with the interior surfaces of the groove. The apparatus may be employed for applying conductive silver paint to the interior of notches in ceramic plates for terminal mounts in electrical apparatus; a preferred embodiment comprises a rectangular hollow coating member of gauze or perforated thin metal having a plunger therein adapted to draw in and subsequently expel coating material. A plurality of ceramic strips may be mounted upon a drum which rotates in steps so as to present each strip in turn to a plurality of such coating devices so as to coat all the notches in the strip simultaneously. In a preferred embodiment the operation of the coating devices is controlled by cams driven from the same source as the drum.
Patent GB-1225082-A (GB)
IPC: C07D209/18
Filed: 1969-03-17
Abstract: 1,225,082. Alkenyl 2-methylindole-3-acetate derivatives. MERCK & CO. Inc. 17 March, 1969 [23 March, 1968], No. 13876/69. Heading C2C. The invention comprises compounds (I) of formula and their 1-p-chlorobenzoyl derivatives (II), wherein R 5  is alkoxy or dialkylamino, R is RICH: CH- or RICH: CHCH 2 - and R<SP>1</SP> is H, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl. (I) are prepared by (a) esterifying the acid (R=H) with (i) R<SP>1</SP>CH: CHCH 2 X (X = halogen), (ii) R<SP>1</SP>CH: CHOAc, or (iii) R<SP>1</SP>CH: CHCH 2 OH in acidic medium; or (b) reacting p-(R 5 )C 6 H 4 NHNH 3 +Clwith RICH: CHCH 2 O 2 CC 2 H 4 Ac. (II), prepared by reacting (I) with p-ClC 6 H 4 COX, may be hydrolysed under mildly acidic conditions at low temperature to give the corresponding acids (II: R = H).
Patent GB-1226819-A (GB)
IPC: F22B1/18
Filed: 1968-08-05
Abstract: 1,226,819. Cooling and cleaning waste gases. UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS CO., and BETHLEHEM STEEL CORP. 5 Aug., 1968, No. 37167/68. Heading F4K. In a method and apparatus for cleaning and recovering heat from a particle-laden waste gas stream leaving an oxygen blown converter 1, the gas stream passes through hood 2 into a heat accumulator 5 having a checker-work of solid refractory material 6 wherein it is partially cooled, and from thence into a heat recovery unit 8 wherein it is further cooled by indirect heat exchange with water. The cooled particleladen gas stream, on leaving the unit 8 via duct 14, enters a separation zone 15 wherein entrained particles are removed by bag filtering devices or other devices such as electrostatic separators. The cooled and cleaned waste gas stream finally leaves the zone 15 through a duct 19 and suction fan 20 to be discharged into the atmosphere by way of a stack 22. A valve 27, in dependence on temperature sensors 29 and 30 situated at the inlet to the heat recovery unit 8, automatically controls the amount of hot waste gas by-passing the heat accumulator 5. A damper 17 automatically controls the flow of cooling air from a duct 16 to be added to the particle-laden gas stream in duct 14 in dependence on a thermocouple 23 situated at the inlet to the separation zone 15. The heat recovery unit 8 comprises a waste heat boiler having an economizer 9 and a superheater section 13, the steam produced being withdrawn by way of line 12. During the periods between converter blows, outside air drawn in through the hood 2 by means of suction fan 20 passes through the apparatus thus cooling down the refractory material 6 in the heat accumulator.
Patent GB-1228053-A (GB)
IPC: B23H3/04
Filed: 1968-09-26
Abstract: 1,228,053. Electro-machining tool. G. F. KEELERIC. Sept.26, 1968, No.45742/68. Heading C7B. A tool 12 for electro-machining a workpiece 10, e.g. a rotating steel mill roll, comprises a stack of laminar e.g. T-shaped plates 13 held in a holder 14 in cross-section alignment and free for independent longitudinal shifting, with a cam 20 having a progressively rounded peripheral wall, e.g. evolving from a substantially flat wall 21 to maximum curvature wall 23 around a convolute curve, which acts on the butt end 19 of the stack for progressively decreasing the radius of curvature of the face end profile 24 thereof as the tool is advanced longitudinally e.g. by a lead screw 36 in the direction of the face end and the cam simultaneously moved across the butt end e.g. by rotation of the cam shaft 43 through a gear 41 from the lead screw drive header 38. Electrolyte may be supplied from a header cavity (28), Fig. (not shown), in the holder 14 through supply conduit grooves (25) in alternate plates 13 to the face end 24 to urge the stack into engagement with the cam; the electrolyte may be removed through shorter exhaust conduit grooves (26) in the other plates to be recirculated.
Patent GB-1228516-A (GB)
IPC: C07C331/28
Filed: 1969-06-13
Abstract: 1,228,516. Isothiocyanates. CESKOSLOVENSKA AKADEMIE VED. 13 June, 1969 [23 July, 1968], No. 30021/69. Heading C2C. [Also in Division A5] Novel, antimicrobial, antimalarial and tuberculostatic compounds I wherein R is H, Me, MeO, Me 2 N, Cl, Br, F, N0 2 , NHCOMe, CN or NCS and X is -N=N-, NH, CH 2 , CO, -COCH=CH- or -CH= CH-CO- are obtained by interaction of thiophosgene and an appropriate amino- or diaminocompound.
Patent GB-1230336-A (GB)
IPC: C08L21/00
Filed: 1969-09-24
Abstract: 1,230,336. Joining glass to metal. POLYMER CORP. Ltd. 24 Sept., 1969, No. 46984/69. Addition to 1,176,298. Heading C1M. [Also in Division C3] A sealing tape for installing windscreens in automobiles is formed by providing a tape of a composition comprising (a) 100 parts by weight of an elastomer, (b) 5-100 parts by weight of a flexible thermoplastic non resinous, polymer compatible with (a), (c) 1-75 parts by weight of finely divided metal powder, (d) up to 150 parts by weight of filler, and (e) up to 500 parts by weight of a plasticizer having embedded therein an electrically conductive core. A suitable composition for the tape is butyl rubber, aluminium powder, carbon black, polybutene and either a crystalline terpolymer of ethylene propylene and ethylidene norbornene, a polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene block polymer or a poly-α-methyl styrene-polybutadienepoly-α-methyl styrene block polymer. In use, the windshield frame and/or the glass are treated with a primer, the sealing tape is applied to the frame, current is passed through the tape to soften it, the tape is disconnected from the current and the ends of the tape are placed in the frame, and finally the windscreen is pressed into place while the tape is still soft.
Patent GB-1234216-A (GB)
IPC: C09D161/06
Filed: 1967-12-19
Abstract: 1,234,216. Refrigerators. BRITISH DOMESTIC APPLIANCES Ltd. 5 Dec., 1968 [19 Dec., 1967], No. 57584/67. Heading F4H. An insulated cabinet, e.g. a refrigerator, has a polystyrene inner liner and foamed plastics insulation formed by the reaction of a liquid polyether or polyester resin with a liquid diisocyanate in the presence of a halogenated hydrocarbon foaming agent, the foam including a layer or region which is free from, and impervious to, the foaming agent and is immediately adjacent the polystyrene liner. The outer shell of the cabinet may also be of polystyrene in which case it too is protected from attack by the foaming agent by another impervious layer or region. The cabinet is made by spraying the outer surface of the liner with the reactive constituents and allowing the resulting foam layer to expand and set in air until the foaming agent has entirely diffused therefrom. The remainder of the foam insulation may be formed in situ between the pre-insulated liner and shell or applied to the pre-insulated liner in a heated jig. The impervious layer is preferably 1/16 to # inch thick and the foaming agent is preferably monofluorotrichloromethane.
Patent GB-1239066-A (GB)
IPC: C22C19/03
Filed: 1968-11-21
Abstract: 1,239,066. Refining grain size. P. W. DAVIES and J. P. DENNISON. Nov. 10, 1969 [Nov. 21, 1968], No.55328/68. Headings C7A and C7D. A process in which the grain size of a metal or alloy is refined during solidification from the molten state by the addition of solid nuclei to a melt of the metal or alloy, is characterized by introducing into the melt nuclei in a solid metal carrier that dissolves in the melt being present in the carrier as particles form by the internal oxidation of metal of the carrier and not greater than 2 microns in size. Preferably the metal carrier is a strip 0À05 0À4 mm thick of an internally oxidized single phase alloy. The melt may comprise Ni with or without copper, chromium, cobalt and iron, the metal carrier is formed by the internal oxidation of an alloy containing at least 90% copper the remainder being nickel and/or cobalt. Alternatively the melt may comprise copper and aluminium with or without iron whence the carrier is derived from an alloy containing at least 90% copper the remainder being one or more of iron, nickel and cobalt. The amount of carrier added is preferably 0À02-0À5% by weight of the melt. It is desirable to remove any surface oxide from and to degrease the carrier by brushing before addition to the melt. The process is also applicable to alloy melts containing titanium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, zirconium, boron and hafnium
Patent GB-1257833-A (GB)
IPC: C07F5/04
Filed: 1969-03-05
Abstract: 1,257,833. Preparation of alcohols. HALCON INTERNATIONAL Inc. 5 March, 1969 [6 March, 19681, No. 11772/69. Addition to 1,207,680. Heading C2C. The process comprises a modification of that described and claimed in the parent Specification wherein the reaction product which is being maintained at 125-200 C. is stripped with an inert stripping vapour or gas. Specified vapours are those of cyclohexane, cyclo-octane and npentanes and specified gases are N, He, Ar and CO 2 . In examples the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone is described.
Patent GB-1258879-A (GB)
IPC: F04B39/02
Filed: 1969-01-10
Abstract: 1,258,879. Hydraulic reciprocating pumps; reciprocating compressors. M. BARTHALON. Jan. 10, 1969 [Jan. 12, 1968], No.31114/71. Divided out of 1, 256, 612. Headings F1A and F1N. Cooling or lubricating liquid is circulated in a reciprocating machine, e. g. an electro-motor, motor-alternator or motor-compressor, by a double-acting pump comprising a piston 37 freely slidable in a cylinder 36 in the reciprocating piston 34 of the machine, piston 37 being reciprocated due to its inertia during the reciprocation of the machine piston, and drawing liquid from a reservoir 33 via passage 43, groove 41 and ports 38a, 38b, and delivering the liquid to passage 45 via ports 38a, 38b, grooves 42a, 42b and passages 44a, 44b, the opening and closing of the ports and passages being controlled by the piston movements. Ports 38a, 38b are spaced from the ends of cylinder 36 so that liquid is trapped at the ends of the strokes of piston 37 to damp its movement. The radial clearance of piston 37 is between 2 and 50 microns. A plug 40 is inserted in piston 34 to close cylinder 36 after insertion of piston 37. In Fig. 3 (not shown) groove 42b and passage 44b are omitted and port 38b moves out of cylinder 35 at the end of the left-hand stroke of piston 34.
Patent GB-1265306-A (GB)
IPC: B60T17/04
Filed: 1968-07-20
Abstract: 1,265,306. Tractor-trailer couplings. GIRLING Ltd. 23 June, 1969 [20 July, 1968; 12 Sept., 1968], Nos. 34708/68 and 43356/68. Heading F2F.  A coupling for tractor and trailer braking systems has an auxiliary cylinder 10 housing a sealed piston 13, the piston-rod 15 of which has a reduced section 16 which abuts a rod 18 working in a trailer master cylinder 17 to actuate the trailer braking system, rod 15 passing through a bore in a latch plate 19 pivotable about a pin 20 and biased to an offset position by a spring-loaded plungor 24, so that when the coupling is disconnected a step 15a of rod 15 abuts the offset plate 19 to restrict movement of piston 13. A hook-shaped recess 32 formed on each side of the cylinder 17 engages an inwardly projecting lug 35 carried by an arm 34 extending outwardly from each side of housing 12. An arched member 33 has at its free end a keeper 27 which engages a hook 26 of latch 19 and the coupling is disconnected by releasing the trailer brakes and disengaging hook 26 from keeper 27 by pulling on a ring 30 and lowering cylinder 10 through 90 degrees to remove lugs 35 from recesses 32. In another embodiment, Figs. 5, 6 (not shown), the piston (42) is held fast in the disengaged position of the coupling by means of a shoulder (67) of a piston (57), which protrudes vertically through an opening (61) in an extension housing (41) of the auxiliary cylinder (40) and engaging a piston head (46) which abuts the auxiliary piston-rod (43) and is prevented from upward movement through a lever connection to a second piston (56) which is prevented from downward movement through an opening (60) in cylinder (41) by means of a spring-loaded sleeve which closes the opening (60) when the coupling is disengaged.
Patent GB-1289064-A (GB)
IPC: C02F1/00
Filed: 1971-03-22
Abstract: 1289064 Demineralization of water EL PASO NATURAL GAS CO 22 March 1971 7432/71 Heading B1B Water which contains minerals, such as well water or saline water, is subjected to distillation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis or electrodialysis to obtain demineralized water and a water-fraction which is concentrated in mineral content, this concentrated fraction is mixed with a relatively non-volatile liquid, e.g. a fuel oil or a silicone oil, and the mixture is heated to evaporate all the water leaving a slurry of solids (mineral particles) in the non-volatile liquid; the water-vapour is condensed to obtain demineralized water, and the solids are separated, e.g. by centrifuge, from the non- volatile liquid which is then re-used in the process. The solids may be used as a fertilizer or for chemical recovery; or they may be disposed of in a lined pit. Sewage and other waste water may be disposed of in the dehydration stage of the process. The Fig. shows an evaporator 340 for dehydrating the mixture of water and non-volatile liquid, associated with plant for the removal of acidic components (H 2 S and CO 2 ) from natural gas. The sour gas is introduced through line 314 into the lower section of tower 310 and is contacted therein with a countercurrent stream of an absorption solution, such as alkanolamine, introduced through line 338. The purified gas leaves the top of tower, 310; and the contaminated solution, withdrawn from the base, is passed through heat exchanger 320 into stripper 312 where it is heated to drive off the acidic components. Stripper 312 is heated by steam from generator 376 which is supplied with dimineralized water from a multi-stage vacuum distillation unit (not shown) for separating the raw feedwater into two fractions. The regenerated absorption solution is returned to tower 310 through heat exchangers 328, 320 and 332. In heat exchanger 328, the solution is cooled by a heat-exchange medium which transfers heat to the heating unit 346 in evaporator 340. Some of the demineralized water obtained from evaporator 340 is circulated through heat exchanger 332 and cooling tower 360. Any purge water necessary from this circulating system is passed through line 368 to evaporator 340. Purge water from steam generator 376 is also passed to evaporator 340. A petrochemical plant (Fig. 5, not shown) is described wherein polluted air is purified by contact with demineralized water. The clean air is discharged to the atmosphere; and volatile components are separated from the wash water in a multi-stage flash evaporator.