Patent GB-1055625-A (GB)
Title: Improved vehicle for launching rocket propelled vehicles
Inventor: KEENAN JOHN GREGORY
IPC: F42B15/36
Filed: 1963-12-06
Abstract: 1,055,625. Jet propulsion plant. ROLLS-ROYCE Ltd. Dec. 6, 1963, No.48385/63. Heading F1J. The invention relates to a wingless vehicle which is utilized to propel a rocket propelled vehicle vertically or near vertically upwards, the rocket propelled vehicle being launched from the wingless vehicle when the latter reaches the upper atmosphere. In a first embodiment a wingless vehicle is indicated at 11 and the rearward end of a rocket propelled vehicle 10 is supported centrally therein. The wingless vehicle 11 comprises an annular wall 12 having a centre body 14 secured therein by means of struts 15, the rocket propelled vehicle 10 being supported by the centre body. The outer surface of the centre body is of divergent-convergent form and defines with the wall 12 an annular air inlet 16 leading to a combustion section 13 in which are disposed fuel injectors 17. The combustion section terminates in a propulsion nozzle 18, this assembly constituting a ram jet unit. Disposed around the wall 12 and defining therewith an annular passage 20 is an annular wall 19, the passage having an annular air inlet 22 defined by the divergent-convergent surface of the member 23 which is disposed at the upstream end of the wall 12. A propulsion nozzle 25 is defined at the downstream end of the passage. A plurality of jet engines 21 is disposed within the annular passage, the engines being either gas turbine jet engines or engines comprising a compressor followed by a combustion section, the compressor being driven by a turbine the working fluid of which is combustion products generated in a rocket type combustion chamber, such an engine being shown in Fig. 5. Fuel burners 24 are disposed in the passage 20 downstream of the engines 21. The rocket motors of the vehicle 10 are indicated at 10a. In use the assembly would first be propelled by the units 21, then at a certain velocity the ram jet unit 13 would come into operation. At a predetermined height the rocket motors 10a would fire and the wingless vehicle would be returned to earth. In a second embodiment, the rocket propelled vehicle 10 is mounted centrally of an assembly comprising three wingless vehicles each comprising a central ram jet unit 13 and a plurality of jet engines 21 disposed within an annular duct 20 surrounding the ram jet unit generally similar to the assembly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A jet engine 21 is shown in Fig. 5 and comprises a compressor 29 which is driven by a turbine 31, air from the compressor passing to a combustion section 37 to which fuel is supplied by injectors 38, the combustion gases discharging through a propulsion nozzle. The turbine 31 is acted on by gases generated in a rocket type combustion chamber 32 to which hydrogen is supplied through a helically coiled pipe 33 and oxygen through a duct 35, the resulting products which are rich in hydrogen passing through the turbine 31 and then discharging through ducts 36 into the combustion section 37. The jet engines 21 may each comprise an engine which is capable of operating either as a turbojet engine or as a ram jet engine.