Patent GB-911204-A (GB)
Title: Bleaching compositions
Inventor: HAMPSON GEORGE CHARLESWORTH
IPC: C11D3/395
Filed: 1960-07-28
Abstract: A detergent composition in tablet form contains a low temperature bleaching agent which agent, or a component therof, is in a section of the tablet, e.g. an insert, core or layer or matrix in which are embedded granules of diameter greater than 0,28 cm. or threads, of diameter greater than 0,1 cm., from which section is excluded any ingredient of the composition detrimental to the stability of the agent or component.  The section containing the separated bleaching material is preferably coated, e.g. with a paraffin wax or a solid fatty alcohol.  If required, the tablet may contain several such sections, one of which is used for the bleaching agent, and the others for other components of the composition.  The low temperature bleaching agent is one which has better stain removal properties than sodium perborate in a test which is described; suitable agents are calcium and lithium hypochlorites, "chlorinated sodium phosphate" (sodium hypochlorite/phosphate), dichlorocyanuric acid and its salts, trichlorocyanuric acid, 1:3 dichloro5:5-dimethyldantoin, Chloramine T, urea adducts of percaprylic, dispersebacic, and diperbrassylic acids, potassium permonosulphate which may, if required, be present as the triple salt with potassium bisulphate and sulphate, and inorganic chlorites.  If preferred, the bleaching agent may consist of a hydrogen peroxide releasing compound, e.g. sodium perborate, alkali metal peroxides and urea-hydrogen peroxide, in conjunction with a low-temperature bleach enhancing agent, e.g. sodium p-acetoxybenzene sulphonate, phthalic anhydride and acetylsalicylic acid.  Suitable detergents include soap, sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, alkyl sulphate, and ethylene oxide condensates with alkylphenols, fatty acids and fatty alcohols. Alkali-metal ortho- and poly-phosphates, silicates, sulphates and carbonates, sodium toluene sulphonate, fatty acid alkanolamides, carboxymethyl cellulose, optical bleach, perfume, and colour may also be incorporated, and the tablets are formed by compression with the addition of disintegrating agents such as dry starch, and lubricants such as talc, mineral oil, hardened vegetable oil, boric acid, stearic acid and soap powder. The tablets are preferably so composed as to yield 0,5-2% available oxygen by weight, and generally weigh 60-70g.  Specifications 549,015, 836,988, 847,702, 855,735 and U.S.A.  Specification 2,362,401 are referred to.ALSO:A bleaching detergent composition in tablet form contains a low-temperature bleaching agent, which agent, or a component thereof, is in a section of the tablet, e.g. an insert, core, or layer, or matrix in which are embedded granules of diameter greater than 0.25 cm. or threads of diameter greater than 0.1 cm., from which section is excluded any ingredient of the composition detrimental to the stability of the agent or component. The section containing the separated bleaching material is preferably coated, e.g. with paraffin wax or solid fatty alcohol.  If required, the tablet may contain several such sections, one of which is used for the bleaching agent, and the others for other components of the composition.  The low-temperature bleaching agent is one which has better stain removal properties than sodium perborate in a test which is described; suitable agents are calcium and lithium hypochlorites, "chlorinated sodium phosphate" (sodium hypochlorite/phosphate), dichlorocyanuric acid and its salts, trichlorocyanuric acid, 1 : 3-dichloro-5 : 5-dimethyl hydantoin, chloramine T, urea adducts of percaprylic, dipersebacic and diperbrassylic acids, potassium permonosulphate, which may if required be present as the triple salt with potassium bisulphate and sulphate, and inorganic chlorites.  If preferred, the bleaching agent may consist of a hydrogen peroxide releasing compound, e.g. sodium perborate, alkalimetal peroxides and urea-hydrogen peroxide, in conjunction with a low-temperature bleach enhancing agent, e.g. sodium p-acetoxybenzene sulphonate, phthalic anhydride, or acetylsalicylic acid.  Suitable detergents include soap, sodium dodecyl-benzene sulpho-, nate, alkyl sulphate, and ethylene oxide condensates with alkylphenols, fatty acids and fatty alcohols.  Alkali-metal ortho- and poly-phosphates, silicates, sulphates and carbonates, sodium toluene sulphonate, fatty acid alkanolamides, carboxymethyl cellulose, optical bleach, perfume and colour may also be incorporated, and the tablets are formed by compression with the addition of disintegrating agents such as dry starch, and lubricants such as talc, mineral oil, hardened vegetable oil, boric acid, stearic acid, and soap powder.  The tablets are preferably so composed as to yield 0.5-2% available oxygen by weight, and generally weigh 60-70 g.  Specifications 549,015, 836,988, 847,702, 855,735 and U.S.A.  Specification 2,362,401 are referred to.