baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-898989-A (GB)
Title: Asphaltic bitumen emulsions
IPC: C08L95/00
Filed: 1960-06-23
Abstract: Oil-in-water asphaltic bitumen emulsions comprising an emulsifying agent, a water-swellable clay and a water-dispersible polysaccharide derivative, and having a pH of 10,0-11,2 and a clay:polysaccharide ratio of 6:1 to 2:1 have increased viscosity. The emulsifying agent preferably is an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid containing at least 12 carbon atoms.  Specified fatty acids are derived from tall oil, fish oil (e.g. sardine oil), vegetable oils (e.g. coconut, palm, corn, cottonseed, soybean or peanut oil), or partly or completely hydrogenated animal or vegetable oils or from carboxylic acids produced by oxidation of petroleum fractions (e.g. sodium or potassium salts of lauric, myristic, stearic, oleic, ricinoleic, linoleic or linolenic acids).  These agents preferably comprise 1/4 -2% of the water phase.  Clays referred to are montmorillonites, including sodium, potassium and lithium bentonites (e.g. Wyoming bentonite), magnesium bentonite (hectorite) and saponite, nontronite, attapulgite, fuller's earth and illite, preferably having a base exchange capacity of 15-100 milliequivalents per 100 gms. Polysaccharides specified are starch and cellulose of which the alkali metal (e.g. sodium) salts of the carboxymethyl, hydroxy ethyl and methyl derivatives are preferred.ALSO:Oil-in-water asphaltic bitumen emulsions comprising an emulsifying agent, a water-swellable clay and a water-dispersible polysaccharide derivative, and having a pH of 10,0-11,2 and a clay: polysaccharide ratio of 6:1 to 2:1 have increased viscosity. The emulsifying agent preferably is an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid containing at least 12 carbon atoms. Specified fatty acids are derived from tall oil, fish oil, (e.g. sardine oil), vegetable oils (e.g. coconut, palm, corn, cottonseed, soybean or peanut oil), or partly or completely hydrogenated animal or vegetable oils or from carboxylic acids produced by oxidation of petroleum fractions (e.g. sodium or potassium salts of lauric, myristic, stearic, oleic, ricinoleic, linoleic or linolenic acids). These agents preferably comprise 1/4 -2% of the water phase.  Clays referred to are montmorillonites, including sodium, potassium and lithium bentonites (e.g. Wyoming bentonite), magnesium bentonite (hectorite) and saponite, nontronite, attapulgite, fuller's earth and illite, preferably having a base exchange capacity of 15-100 milliequivalents per 100 gms. Polysaccharides specified are starch and cellulose of which the alkali metal (e.g. sodium) salts of the carboxymethyl, hydroxy ethyl and methyl derivatives are preferred.
Patent GB-681367-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in web-feeding apparatus
Inventor: ROSE ALFRED GERMAN
IPC: B65H20/24
Filed: 1949-08-25
Abstract: 681,367. Feeding webs. ROSE BROS. (GAINSBOROUGH), Ltd. Aug. 15, 1950 [Aug. 25, 1949], No. 22081/49. Class 100 (i). A web feeding apparatus is of the kind in which the web is fed from a reel over an idler roll by a pair of feed rollers, so as to form a loop from which the web which is withdrawn, for example, by grippers. A web of foil 11 is fed from a reel 12 by feed rollers 16 and 17, the roller 16 being continuously driven and adapted to drive the roller 17 through gears 27. The roller 17 is carried by a two-armed lever 18, 19 pivoted at 21 and carrying a cam roller 22 cooperating with a cam member 46, the roller 17 being urged by a spring 23 into engagement with the roller 16. The rollers 16 and 17 normally feed the foil at a greater rate than it is withdrawn by reciprocating grippers 42 to form wrappers, so that a loop 39 increases in length, thus allowing a roller 28 on a spring-urged arm 29 to rotate about its pivot 31, the arm carrying a pin 49 co-operating with adjustable abutment screws 51 and 52 on the cam member 46. When the pin 49 engages the screw 51 a further increase in length of the loop causes the pin 49 to rotate the cam member 46 about its pivot 31, so that the lever 18, 19 is pivoted to cause roller 17 to move away from the roller 16 and thus stop the feed of the foil. When the loop 39 is shortened by the amount of foil withdrawn by the grippers, the roller 17 is again permitted to engage the roller 16. The tension of the foil is maintained by a roller 32 carried on a spring- pressed arm 33.
Patent GB-315877-A (GB)
Title: Method of purification of solutions of enzymes for use in various industries and the like
IPC: C12N9/28
Filed: 1929-07-18
Abstract: 315,877. Boidin, A. R., and Effront, I. A. July 21, 1928, [Convention date]. Enzymes.-For purifying solutions of enzymes for use in bread-making &c. micro-organisms are eliminated by osmosis; the solution may also be subjected to ultra-filtration or filtration through porous china. To deodorize and decolorize the solutions or precipitates of the enzymes they may be heated with solvents for fatty acids or their salts, such as pure acetone or alcohol or chloroform and acetone, and then the product is subjected to the action of a current of air or of an inert and sterilized gas or to vacuum. To ensure regular filtration &c. and to obtain sediments containing the whole of the enzymatic substance the raw solution is first refined by precipitating a part of the colloids contained therein, for example, by varying the pH value by addition of acids, alkalies, or alkaline earth salts, or by adding compounds of heavy metals such as oxides of lead, iron, or aluminium or salts of these metals. To avoid the removal of enzymes the original hydrogen-ion concentration may be restored by acid or alkali or buffers such as citrates or alkali phosphates. After filtration any soluble salts and colloids left in the solution may be precipitated by the addition of excess of alcohol and dehydrating salts such as ammonium or magnesium sulphate, or sodium chloride. Proteolytic enzymes may also be eliminated by heating the solution to 60-80‹ C. during one of the purifying operations. Or the diastatic product may be heated to 75-80‹ C. in the presence of starch. Specification 23738/13, [Class 14 (ii), Beverages &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-1143295-A (GB)
Title: Connector duct
IPC: F28F9/02
Filed: 1967-05-12
Abstract: 1,143,295. Pipe couplings. LUMMUS CO. 12 May, 1967 [13 May, 1966], No. 22215/67. Heading F2G. [Also in Division F4] In an installation for the production of olefins from hydrocarbons such as ethane and propane, the outlet 10 from a cracking heater is connected to a shell and tube heat exchanger 14 by a connecting duct 12 comprising a conduit 24, which has a cross-section that increases along its length and is connected around its periphery at its larger end to the heat exchanger shell, a bank of tubes 30 engaging one with each of the heat exchanger tubes 46, the ends of said tubes 30 being sealing secured within the narrower part of said conduit, and a supply pipe 36 connected to the conduit and capable of supplying steam to the region of conduit interior between the heat exchanger and the said secured ends of the tubes 30. The tubes 30 are secured in the narrow part of the conduit by a convex, concave or flat tube sheet 28. Alternatively, Fig. 2 (not shown), hexagonal tube ends are welded together to form a honeycomb structure which  is sealed in the narrow part of the conduit by shield of metal or of refractory or other suitable packing material. Insulating material 26 is provided between the conduit inlet and tube sheet. The conduit may be conical as shown, pyramidal or tetragonal.
Patent GB-294985-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in screw propellers
IPC: B63H1/12
Filed: 1928-07-31
Abstract: 294,985. S.A.B.S. Soc. Anon. pour l'Application des Brevets Schul. Aug. 3, 1927, [Convention date]. Screw propellers. - The blades 6 of a screw propeller correspond to the portions of a normal propeller of which the efficiency lies about the maximum within a range of 3 to 5 per cent. The blades may be mounted on a ring 5, flexible band or chain encircling the hull of the vessel 4 and driven by pinion, chain or friction gearing. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) also states that the blade instead of rotating about the propeller axes may perform a rectilinear movement perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the vessel. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-655646-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for manufacturing boxes and like containersof plastic material
IPC: B29C57/10
Filed: 1948-08-24
Abstract: 655,646. Making boxes. STAHL, W. F. Aug. 24, 1948, No. 22270. [Class 18] Boxes of plastic material are formed by turning the end edges of tubes on to discs and sealing them thereto by heat and pressure. Tubes 50 and discs 51 are placed on sets of mandrels 27 carried by a plate 23 which is rotated to bring the mandrels into alignment with sets of dies carried by a plate 11 and advanced to press the tubes against the dies. The tube ends are given an initial inward set by dies 12 and a further set by dies 13. The ends are finally sealed to the discs by pressing against a plate 14 which may form an electrode in a high-frequency electronic heating system, the mandrels forming the other electrode. The dies 12, 13 may have heating means which may be similar to that used in the final sealing. The plate 23 is rotated by an intermittent gear 40 and is advanced by a cam 37 and follower 45. Alignment of the mandrels with the dies is ensured by a pin 25 engaging holes 22 in the plate 11. The tubes and discs are placed on the mandrels through a hole 58 on the plate 11 and the completed boxes may be removed by forcing compressed air through holes 52 in the mandrels to blow the boxes into a shoot for collection.
Patent GB-264201-A (GB)
Title: Thermo-couples and thermo-elements
IPC: H01L35/20
Filed: 1925-09-07
Abstract: 264,201. Heraeus Ges., W. C., and Feuszner, O. Sept. 7, 1925. Thermo-electric batteries.-A thermo-element is made of an allov of at least three metals which do not oxidize readily and of which one is capable of absorbing gas and another being non-absorbent. Such an alloy may consist of platinum, palladium and gold or silver. The platinum may be replaced by ruthenium or rhodium. A thermocouple may be formed by using the element with a second element which may consist of platinum or an alloy of platinum and rhodium, platinum and palladium or gold and palladium. The second element may also consist of a metal of the iron group or of chromium, manganese, molybdenum or tungsten, or an alloy of iron with nickel or chromium may be used to which may be added one or more metals of Group I of the periodic system.
Patent GB-1532292-A (GB)
Title: Loudspeaker or microphone diaphragm or a cantilever stylus arm and method for manufacturing same
IPC: G11B3/50
Filed: 1976-05-28
Abstract: 1532292 Diaphragms and stylus arms PIONEER ELECTRONIC CORP 28 May 1976 [30 May 1975] 22382/76 Heading H4J The diaphragm of a loudspeaker or microphone or the cantilever stylus arm of a gramophone pickup is formed of a substrate of titanium, carbon, carbonized plastics, carbon fibre filled plastics, aluminium or beryllium into at least a zone of which is diffused boron, nitrogen or silicon. By diffusion is meant both physical diffusion and chemical reaction occurring during the physical diffusion. A combination of Ti and B, C and B or C and Si is preferred since this optimizes the ratio of Young's modulus to density and assists in eliminating unwanted resonances. The particle diameter is not more than 50Á. Where Ti and B are used, preferably carbon black and sodium carbonate are added to the B to prevent oxidation of the Ti during the heating step used to effect diffusion. A dome diaphragm may be provided with a diffusion layer only at the periphery (Fig. 9B) to enhance the rigidity of the support portion. A second, inner, coaxial annular diffusion zone may be provided as well (Fig. 10A, not shown). Alternatively the dome diaphragm may have a single central diffusion zone (Fig. 10B, not shown) or a circular array of circular diffusion zones (Fig. 10C, not shown) or a radial array of diffusion zones (Fig. 10D, not shown). Desirable local vibrations may thereby be induced while undesirable vibrations are reduced. In another arrangement a non-coaxial, non- symmetrical elliptical diffusion zone (Fig. 10E, not shown) is formed on a dome diaphragm thereby substantially eliminating the generation of standing waves. A cantiliver stylus arm (Fig. 14), on one end of which a magnet (not shown) is secured, is formed with spaced diffusion zones. Alternatively a diffusion layer is formed on the outer face of the stylus arm (Fig. 11, not shown) on the inner and outer faces of the stylus arm (Fig. 12, not shown) or at the end of the stylus arm adjacent the magnet (Fig. 13, not shown).
Patent GB-896206-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to steroids and the manufacture thereof
IPC: C07J1/00
Filed: 1960-06-27
Abstract: The invention comprises a compound of the formula <FORM:0896206/IV (b)/1> wherein R is the carbonyl radical or the b -hydroxymethylene radical, Z11 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, X is the carbonyl radical, the b -hydroxymethylene radical <FORM:0896206/IV (b)/2> or the lower acyloxy methylene radical <FORM:0896206/IV (b)/3> and the acyl radical is that of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid containing from 1-12 carbon atoms and Y is hydrogen or a lower hydrocarbon radical, and a process for the preparation thereof by treating 17-keto-9(11)-androstene I with a alkylating agent to obtain 17b -hydroxy-17a -methyl-9(11)-androstene II, treating II with hypohalous acid to obtain 9a -halo-11b ,17b -dihydroxy-17a -methyl-androstane III, treating III with an alkali to obtain 9,11b -epoxy-17a -methyl-17b -hydroxyandrostane IV, treating IV with hydrochloric or hydrofluoric acid to obtain 9a  - halo - 11b ,17b  - dihydroxy - 17a  - methylandrostane and treating V with an oxidising agent to form 9a -halo-11-keto-17a -methyl-17b -hydroxyandrostane VI. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the above compounds are useful as progestational agents and are administered orally as pills, tablets, and capsules or in liquid forms for injection.
Patent GB-406277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in welding machines
IPC: B23K9/028
Filed: 1932-08-11
Abstract: 406,277. Control of motors. DORRAT, J. A., 9, Kenwood Road, Stretford, Manchester, and ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London. Aug. 11, 1932, No. 22519. [Class 38 (iii).] Travelling to predetermined limits.- In fusion welding the ends of tubes 8, 9, in holes in plates 10, the welding nozzle 7 is carried by a slide 11 on a member 12 mounted on a vertical pivot, and is traversed by a motor 23, preferably mounted on the slide 11 and connected by gearing to a pinion 15 on the slide, which is traversed round a fixed gear 16 on a fixed member 17 the motor being controlled so that the nozzle moves at least twice over the part of the joint where the weld starts. The member 17 carries a spring-closed limit switch 30 and also a pivoted stop 34, which is normally held in operative position by a spring, but is retracted, when necessary, by an electromagnet. The control circuits are energized by an exciter generator 37 driven by a three-phase motor 38. The current normally energizes a coil OCT through a push button TPB, which may stop the machine at will. To start the machine push button SPB is operated to energize coil OCR so closing contacts R of the traversing motor 44, 45, 46 to operate it in the reverse direction to traverse the pinion a short distance rearwardly of the stop 34. At the same time contacts R<1> close to shunt the push button SPB and contacts R<2> are opened to de-energize the coil OCT and thus, after a short period due to the time lag of the relay, close its contacts T to cause coils OCPBR, OCS and OCRC2 to be energized through the limit switch LS, (30 of Fig. 3). The coil OCPBR after a short period due to time lag thus opens contacts PBR to stop the traverse of the motor and thus energize the coil OCT, contacts PBR1 being also closed to shunt contacts T. The coil OCPBR also closes contacts PBR2 to operate the electrode feed motor 54, 55. Coil OCS ietracts the stop and the coil OCRC2 closes contacts RC2 to energize coil OCLE, and thus close contacts LE in the welding circuit to strike the arc. A coil OCRC1 in the latter circuit then closes contacts RC1 to energize coil OCF, thus closing contacts F and operating the motor in the forward direction. A boss on the pinion shaft eventually opens the switch LS so as to de-energize coils OCPBR, DCS, OCR2 and OCF, whereby the feed motor is stopped, the stop 34 moved outwards, the contacts RC2 opened to deenergize coil OCLE and thus cut out the welding circuit, and the supply to the traversing motor is stopped, the pinion shaft moving into contact with the stop by the momentum of the motor. The arc continues to deposit weld metal for a short period after opening of the switch LS due to time lag in relays OCLE and OCRC2.
Patent GB-1141442-A (GB)
Title: Transport channels
IPC: G11B15/66
Filed: 1967-05-16
Abstract: 1,141,442. Feeding webs. INTERNA. TIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 16 May, 1967 [15 July, 1966], No. 22561/67. Heading B6B. [Also in Division G5] A web transport channel for pneumatically transporting a flexible web includes a plurality of blowing-air jet means, formed through the channel in its base region, and angled with respect to the channel to create a moving force on any web in the channel, and vacuum port means formed along the channel to remove air from between any such web and the channel for transporting and stabilizing the web, wherein the channel is substantially U-shaped, consisting of a pair of side members connected by a cross member adapted to receive and guide a web along the length, the air jet means being disposed in the cross member of the channel, and the vacuum port means being disposed through at least one side member of the channel adjacent the cross member and adapted, in operation, to remove any excess air which builds up between any web in the channel and the cross member due to the action of the air jets. As shown in Fig. 1, the channel is formed by side members 110 and 112 and cross member 114; the side members each have a plurality of ports 118 communicating with a hollow chamber 116. The cross member 114 is formed with a plurality of spaced slots 120, angled with respect to the bottom surface of the cross member, and each connected to a chamber 122. The chambers 116 are connected to a vacuum source, and the chambers 122 are connected together, and to a positive pressure source. In Fig. 4, the channel is in the form of a reel 60 with pressure chamber 66 communicating by angular slots 70 with the exterior; vacuum slots or grooves 74 are provided in the two flanges 62 and communicate with hub holes 72 connected externally to vacuum. A complete system is described consisting of a supply reel with magnetic tape, which may or may not be enclosed in a cartridge, a transport channel according to the invention leading to a head assembly, and a further, similar, transport channel leading from the head assembly to a take-up reel. The take-up reel may have an apertured hub and apertured flanges all connected to vacuum. The connection to vacuum may be shut off after the first few revolutions of the take-up reel. Alternatively the take-up reel in the system may be of the form shown in Fig. 4, in which ease this reel is held stationary at first. In the initial winding- on phase the free end of the tape is drawn towards the hub 64 by the vacuum at slots 74, and is thereafter directed around the circumference of the hub by the jets 70. When friction between turns prevents further feeding, the winding-on may be continued by rotating the reel.
Patent GB-480314-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to folding or collapsible chairs
IPC: A47C4/50
Filed: 1936-08-17
Abstract: 480,314. Deck chairs. PARTRIDGE, G. W. Aug. 17, 1936, No. 22585. [Class 52 (ii)] A folding chair comprises two rectangular frames 1, 2, made of tubular metal and having rounded corners, the smaller frame 1 being piloted oil a transverse axis 3 inside the larger frame 2 so that the two frames may be collapsed flat or opened out as* shown, a U-shaped tubular metal strut 5, pivoted to the frame 2, co-operating with abutments 6 on the frame 1 to maintain the frames in opened position. The canvas or like seating member 7 may be provided near its ends with spaced sets of holes 8 which register when the canvas is passed around a cross-bar of the frame 2, a leather thong 9 being then passed through the registering holes and knotted to hold the canvas in position Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 233,865, [Class 52 (ii)].
Patent GB-703340-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for dispensing frozen comestibles from a refrigerated space by coin-freed mechanism
IPC: G07F11/54
Filed: 1949-08-31
Abstract: 703,340. Coin freed machines delivering articles from refrigerated chambers. BATT, D., and SMITHINS, G. Nov. 29, 1950 [Aug. 31, 1949], No. 22594/49. Class 27 Delivery of articles. Storage details. Articles are delivered singly from a refrigerated container by a pair of coin freed apertured slides U, C, Fig. 3, one of which lies above a false bottom W in the container and moves the articles to fall through an aperture Z in the false bottom into an aperture C<SP>1</SP> in the lower slide which delivers the articles to an aperture V in the true bottom X of the container not in alignment with the aperture Z in the false bottom. In the machine illustrated the articles are delivered from one of several vertical magazines B, Fig. 2, in an annular casing, and a counting device turns the magazines about a shaft R to bring a fresh magazine into position each time a number of articles representing the capacity of one magazine has been sold. The slides C and U are operated through levers E, E<SP>1</SP> by solenoids D and V controlled by suitable coin freed mechanism (not shown). The lever E is connected by a link F, Fig. 2, to a spring biased pawl G engaging pins T on a disc I provided with a suitable ratchet preventing reverse rotation and rotated by the pawl G through one pitch-space of the pins T at each delivery. The number of pins T on the disc I is equal to the number of articles which may be stored in a magazine, and at each complete rotation of the disc I a cam J on it pushes a spring biased plunger K out of locking engagement with a notch Q<SP>1</SP>, Fig. 7, in a disc Q fast on the shaft R and into engagement with a switch N. The switch N controls an electric motor O which, through a friction wheel P, drives the disc Q and shaft R until a fresh magazine has been positioned over the delivery slides when the plunger K is pressed by its spring into engagement with a further notch Q<SP>1</SP>.