Patent GB-690101-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polyester pour depressants
IPC: C10M157/00
Filed: 1949-10-13
Abstract: Compositions to be added to mineral-base lubricating oils as pour-point depressants comprise a mixture of at least two polymers or copolymers, each of which is prepared from an ester of the formula Y(CH2)nC( : CHX)COOR11, where X is hydrogen or COOR1, Y is hydrogen or COOR, n is 0-3 and R, R1 and R11 are alkyl groups containing 1-22 carbon atoms, the average length of the alkyl groups being between 11 and 14.5 carbon atoms but being different in each polymer or copolymer.  Such mixtures are stated to be more effective than the invidual polymers or copolymers.  Specified acids from which the esters may be prepared are acrylic, methacrylic, fumaric, maleic, itaconic, aconitic, mesaconic and citraconic acids.  The alcohols used in preparing the esters are preferably straight-chain aliphatic alcohols or mixtures thereof, e.g. "Lorol" (Registered Trade Mark), admixed if necessary with a small proportion of higher or lower alcohols, but branched-chain alcohols, e.g. those produced by aldol condensations, may also be used, as well as alcohols produced by the oxo process or as a by-product in the recation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.  Ether-alcohols, e.g. the monoalkyl ethers of glycols and polyglycols, are also suitable.  Methods of preparing the polymers are described in Specifications 618,691 and 631,117.  They are preferably prepared in a solvent, which may be a volatile solvent or a lubricating oil, and if a volatile solvent is used it is distilled off, preferably after addition of a lubricating oil.  Examples are given in which there are added to mineral lubricating oils mixtures of (1) a copolymer from 10 per cent of decyl acrylate and 90 per cent of loryl acrylate and another copolymer from 60 per cent of decyl acrylate and 40 per cent of loryl acrylate; (2) a copolymer from 60 per cent of decyl fumarate and 40 per cent of loryl fumarate and another copolymer from 40 per cent of decyl fumarate and 60 per cent of loryl fumarate; (3) polymerized loryl fumarate and a copolymer from equal weights of decyl fumarate and loryl fumarate.  U.S.A. Specification 2,091,627 also is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, refers to the use of polymerized sorbates.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Compositions to be added to mineral-base lubricating oils as pour-point depressants comprise a mixture of at least two polymers or copolymers, each of which is prepared from an ester of the formula Y(CH2)nC(:CHX)COOR11, where X is hydrogen or COOR1, Y is hydrogen or COOR, n is 0-3 and R, R1 and R11 are alkyl groups containing 1-22 carbon atoms, the average length of the alkyl groups being between 11 and 14.5 carbon atoms but being different in each polymer or copolymer. Such mixtures are stated to be more effective than the individual polymers or copolymers Specified acids from which the esters may be prepared are acrylic, methacrylic, fumaric, maleic, itaconic, aconitic, mesaconic and citraconic acids.  The alcohols used in preparing the esters are preferably straight - chain aliphatic alcohols or mixtures thereof, e.g. Lorol (Registered Trade Mark), admixed if necessary with a small proportion of higher or lower alcohols, but branched-chain alcohols, e.g. those produced by aldol condensations, may also be used, as well as alcohols produced by the oxo process or as a by-product in the reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.  Ether-alcohols, e.g. the monoalkyl ethers of glycols and polyglycols, are also suitable.  Methods of preparing the polymers are described in Specifications 618,691 and 631,117.  They are preferably prepared in a solvent, which may be a volatile solvent or a lubricating oil, and if a volatile solvent is used it is distilled off, preferably after addition of a lubricating oil. Examples are given in which there are added to mineral lubricating oils mixtures of (1) a co-polymer from 10 per cent of decyl acrylate and 90 per cent of loryl acrylate and another copolymer from 60 per cent of decyl acrylate and 40 per cent of loryl acrylate, (2) a copolymer from 60 per cent of decyl fumarate and 40 per cent of loryl fumarate and another co-polymer from 40 per cent of decyl fumarate and 60 per cent of loryl fumarate, (3) polymerized loryl fumarate and a copolymer from equal weights of decyl fumarate and loryl fumarate. U.S.A. Specification 2,091,627 is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, refers to the use of polymerized sorbates.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.