Patent GB-1088110-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the printing and decorating of textile material
IPC: D06P1/613
Filed: 1964-12-31
Abstract: An aqueous concentrate for use in printing textile material comprises an alkali metal or volatile amine (including ammonium) salt of the reaction product of (a) a non-ionic polyoxyethylene surfactant derived from ethylene oxide and a lipophile and (b) a solid unhydrolysed olefine-maleic anhydride copolymer and mineral spirits and if desired one or more textile printing auxiliaries. The lopophiles used to make the non-ionic surfactant may be higher alkyl phenols, higher alkanols, sorbitan, sorbitan partially fatty esters or castor oil; the preferred surfactant is that obtained from p-tertiary octyl phenol and 3-40 molar proportions of ethylene oxide. The olefine-maleic anhydrides may be derived from ethylene, propylene, butene-1, isobutene, diisobutene, styrene, vinyl methyl or ethyl ether, vinyl chloride or acetate or methyl methacrylate.  The preferred reaction product is obtained by heating 0.5-5 parts of the surfactant with 5 parts of ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer at 50-90 DEG  C. in aqueous medium and then neutralizing with e.g. sodium, potassium or ammonium hydroxide.  Optionally present auxiliaries include ionic surfactants, fatty acids and their esters, thickening agents, e.g. hydroxyethyl and methyl celluloses, casein and sodium polyacrylate, anti-foam agents, e.g. silicone oils and alcohols, and resin binders, e.g. epoxy resins and butylated melamine-formaldehyde resins.  These concentrates are diluted and mixed with a resin-bonded pigment concentrate to form an oil-in-water emulsion printing composition (see Division D1). The pigment concentrate may comprise an organic or inorganic pigment, a latex of e.g. acrylate and methacrylate polymers, copolymers of acrylates with acrylonitrile, butadiene or vinyl chloride, of butadiene with styrene and/or acrylonitrile or of acrylonitrile and styrene, various of which polymers may be carboxylated, and mixtures of the polymers with thermosetting resins or cross-linking agents; latex acid catalysts, e.g. ammonium and amine salts, may also be present.ALSO:Textile material more particularly that consisting of synthetic fibres or synthetic and cellulosic fibre blended fabrics, is printed or decorated by a process comprising applying to the material an aqueous thickened print paste composition in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion comprising (1) a colour concentrate of a resin-bonded pigment, (2) an alkali metal or volatile amine (including ammonium) salt of the reaction product of (a) a non-ionic poly oxyethylene surfactant derived from ethylene oxide and a lipophile and (b) a solid unhydrolyzed olefine-maleic anhydride copolymer, and (3) mineral spirits and if desired one or more textile printing auxiliaries, and then drying the treated material at a temperature from about 100 DEG  to about 150 DEG C. for from about 0.5 to 3 minutes.  The colour concentrate 1) may comprise Benzidine yellow AAMX, phthalocyanine blue, carbon black, titanium dioxide, dianisidine orange, azo red ITR, a quinacridone red or carbazole dioxazine and as a latex an acrylate polymer or copolymer with acrylonitrile, butadiene or vinyl chloride, or a copolymer of butadiene with styrene in conjunction if desired with acrylo nitrile, all of which polymers may be carboxylated, and mixtures of these various polymers with thermosetting resins or cross-linking agents; in addition a latent acid catalyst, e.g. an ammonium salt may be present.  The surfactant (a) may be derived from, as the lipophile, higher alkyl phenols, higher alkanols, sorbitan, sorbitan partially fatty esters and castor oil.  The solid unhydrolyzed copolymers (b) are preferably derived from ethylene but other olefines, e.g. propylene, butene-1, isobutene, diisobutene, styrene, vinyl ethers, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and methyl methacrylate are also referred to.  The preferred component (2) is that obtained by reacting 0.5 to 5 parts of the surfactant with 5 parts of ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer at 50-90 DEG C. in an aqueous medium and neutralising with appropriate base.  The print paste composition may comprise as optional components ionic surfactants, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, casein, anti foam agents such as silicone oils, resin binders such as butylated melamine-formaldehyde resins and epoxy resins.  The textile materials treated may be of polyester, acrylics, acetate, tri acetate, nylon, polypropylene, rayon, cotton, linen, wool and silk. Examples are given.