baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent EP-1068374-B1 (EP)
Inventor: RODRIGUEZ DANIELLE
IPC: C25D3/56
Filed: 1999-03-23
Granted: 2004-05-26
Abstract: A tungsten alloy electroplating bath. Highly ductile tungsten alloy deposits are facilitated using a sulfur co-depositing ductility additive such as: wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H1, alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy, halogen, carboxy and carbonyl; "AR" designates a benzene or naphthalene moiety; R2 is selected from the group consisting of H, or an alkyl sulfonic acid, a Group I or Group II salt of an alkyl sulfonic acid, a benzene, a sulfonate, a naphthalene sulfonate, a benzene sulfonamide, a naphthalene sulfonamide, an ethylene alkoxy, a propylene alkoxy; and R2 may be attached to "AR" to form a cyclic moiety; and R3 is selected from the group consisting of a benzene, a naphthalene, an unsaturated aliphatic group; and a benzenesulfonate group. The additive provides ductility improvements in tungsten alloy electroplates deposited from the solution.
Patent EP-1075621-B1 (EP)
Inventor: KEENAN BRIAN
IPC: F16L59/02
Filed: 1999-05-04
Granted: 2005-10-19
Abstract: A pre-formed insulation module is disclosed having a part cylinder body. The body includes an unstriated insulation layer formed of a rigid insulating material substantially uniform in composition and density over its cross section. The insulation layer has an inner surface adjacent to a surface of a component to be insulated, and an outer surface generally concentric to the inner surface. A substantially non-fibrous resilient cladding layer shaped to the body is directly adhered to the insulation layer at the outer surface. Connection means are disposed along the length of the body for connecting with a further insulation module, wherein the insulation and cladding layers of each module are brought into relative contact along the contacting surfaces of the modules to insulate a portion of the component.
Patent EP-1066104-B1 (EP)
Inventor: NEUFERT RONALD
IPC: F01N3/20
Filed: 1999-03-15
Granted: 2003-11-12
Abstract: In order to overcome the disadvantages related to the storage of an aqueous reducing agent (RL) and to obtain a high degree of dosing precision, a saturated reducing agent solution is provided according to requirements, immediately prior to introduction into the exhaust gas (A) of an internal combustion engine (2). In order to adjust a defined equilibrium concentration in the saturated reducing agent solution, said solution is thermostatted in a mixing area (12). Preferably, water from the water vapour in the exhaust gas is used as a solvent. As a result, a separate solvent tank is not required.
Patent EP-1080000-B1 (EP)
Title: Bremseinrichtung für räder von fahrzeugen
Inventor: HAEUSSLER HARALD
IPC: F16D55/22
Filed: 1999-04-01
Granted: 2002-06-26
Abstract: Eine Bremseinrichtung für Räder von Fahrzeugen, insbesondere von Fahrzeuganhängern, umfaßt einen unverschieblichen Bremssattel (5) mit darin geführten axial verschiebbaren Bremsbelägen (6-9), zwischen denen mindestens eine bezüglich der Räder drehfeste aber axial verschiebbare Bremsscheibe (3, 4) angeordnet ist. Die Bremsscheibe bzw. die Bremsscheiben sind im Bremssattel bei demontierter Radnabe (2) und ausgebauten Bremsbelägen von einer vertikalen Einbaulage in schräge Ausbaustellungen überführbar, bei der die Bremsscheibe bzw. die Scheiben jeweils gekippte Stellungen im Bremssattel einnehmen und aus dem Bremssattel ausbaubar sind. Der Einbau erfolgt in entsprechend umgekehrter Reihenfolge.
Patent EP-1097546-B1 (EP)
Inventor: MCKAY DANNY
IPC: H04L47/765
Filed: 1999-07-06
Granted: 2005-12-21
Abstract: A method is provided for communication between a plurality of stations in a communication network using media access protocol, in which medium access is granted to stations obtaining a successful reservation of the medium and in which data transmission verification is performed by the protocol within the reservation. In the method a station sends a request message on the communication medium for a reservation of the medium to a recipient station in the network. The recipient station sends a reservation confirmation message back to the sending station which receives it and responds to the reservation confirmation message by sending an ordered sequence of data frames to the recipient station. After sending the ordered sequence of data frames the sending station sends an end of transmission message to the recipient station, which replies by sending back an end of transmission confirmation identifying the number of frames received in their original sequence. If the number is not correct remedial action can be taken by the sending station to resend missing data. Address conflict resolution is also provided by another aspect of the invention. The invention has embodiments which handle unicast and groupcasting transmissions.
Patent EP-1144755-B1 (EP)
Inventor: MHEIDLE MICKAEL
IPC: D06P5/30
Filed: 1999-07-02
Granted: 2004-05-12
Abstract: A method for printing fibrous textile materials according to the ink-jet printing technique, which method includes printing the fibrous materials with an aqueous ink includinga) a pigment dyeb) a water-dispersible or water-soluble mixture of pigment dye binders wherein one component of the mixture is based on the polymerization product of acrylic acid and another component of the mixture is based on the polymerization product of acrylic acid and urethane, andc) glycerol, propylene glycol or diethylene glycol.
Patent EP-1031555-B1 (EP)
Title: Difluoromethoxybenzene derivatives  and their use as intermediates
Inventor: YOSHIDA YASUO
IPC: C07C205/37
Filed: 1999-08-11
Granted: 2005-04-13
Abstract: The main tasks of the present invention are to provide, from a raw material which is industrially inexpensive and easy to procure, an N-cyclopropyl-2-difluoromethoxy-3-halogenoaniline which is an important intermediate in production of a quinolonecarboxylic acid having a cyclopropyl group at the 1-position, an isoindolinyl group at the 7-position and a difluoromethoxy group at the 8-position, useful as a synthetic antibacterial agent; and an intermediate used for production thereof. <??>The present invention provides:  a difluoromethoxybenzene derivative represented by the following formula (1): <CHEM> wherein X is a halogen atom and Y is a nitro group or an amino group; an N-(1-alkoxycyclopropyl)-2-difluoromethoxy-3-halogenoaniline derivative represented by the following formula (2): <CHEM> wherein X is a halogen atom and R<1> is a lower alkyl group; and an N-cyclopropyl-2-difluoromethoxy-3-halogeno-aniline derivative represented by the following formula (3): <CHEM> wherein X is a halogen atom and R is a hydrogen atom or a 2,2-di(alkoxycarbonyl)ethylene group represented by the following formula (4): -CH=C(CO 2R<2>)2 (wherein R<2> is a lower alkyl group).
Patent EP-1107744-B1 (EP)
Inventor: MUELLER WOLFGANG
IPC: A61P21/00
Filed: 1999-08-24
Granted: 2003-04-23
Abstract: The invention relates to the pharmaceutical use of specific substance P antagonists, in particular 1-acylpiperidine substance P antagonists, especially N-benzoyl-2-benzyl-4-(azanaphthoyl-amino)-piperidines, e.g. of formula wherein X and Y are each independently of the other N and/or CH and the ring A is unsubstituted or mono- or poly-substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, nitro and trifluoromethyl; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in the absence of serotonin agonist/selective serotonin reuptake inhibitory therapy, or for the treatment of fibromyalgia or associated functional symptoms.
Patent EP-1127426-B1 (EP)
Inventor: KOSKI JUSSI
IPC: H04L29/06
Filed: 1999-10-27
Granted: 2006-03-22
Abstract: The present invention relates to telecommunication systems. The object of the invention is to disclose a procedure and a system for identifying and billing a subscriber associated with a service in a telecommunication system. In the procedure, the parameters associated with the service are selected by means of a second telecommunication terminal (5), which preferably is a computer connected to the Internet. Based on the parameters, a unique identifier associated with the service is generated. The identifier contains e.g. a component specifying the service and an unambiguous running numeric component. According to the invention, a message of a given format is sent by means of the first telecommunication terminal to the billing server (6) over the first telecommunication network (1) and the sender of the message is billed in accordance with the normal subscriber invoicing practice of the first telecommunication network (1).
Patent EP-1056495-B1 (EP)
Inventor: CARTER MICHAEL J
IPC: A61M5/50
Filed: 1999-12-02
Granted: 2004-09-01
Abstract: A retracting needle syringe is described which allows safe and easy disposal of a syringe and prevents re-use of the syringe by destroying the plunger rod and needle hub and retracting the needle into the plunger rod. Once the safety feature is activated, positive or negative pressure in the barrel to draw out medication is defeated. The retracting needle safety feature requires only an increase of force along the same line of action as the injection stroke. This allows for safe, one-handed injection, which is critical in some situations. The retracting needle syringe of the present invention also minimizes the amount of wasted medication because the plunger rod incorporates a plunger tip that occupies the entire volume inside the barrel. Because the retracting needle syringe uses standard luer-lok fittings, it can be used with a variety of standard needles that do not have retracting cannula. This gives the healthcare professional or patient the ability to use a large gauge needle to fill the syringe from a vial or other container before attaching the safety needle for injection. Lastly, the plunger can be completely encapsulated by the barrel upon activation of the retracting needle syringe safety feature which will prevent re-use of the syringe and allow for safe and easy disposal.
Patent EP-1146915-B1 (EP)
Inventor: JACOBS PAUL
IPC: A61L2/16
Filed: 1999-12-29
Granted: 2006-05-10
Abstract: La présente invention concerne une méthode de stérilisation d'instruments médicaux consistant à introduire un agent de stérilisation concentré, tel que le peroxyde d'hydrogène, dans un stérilisateur, et à utiliser ledit stérilisateur pour stériliser des articles. On contrôle ce procédé de concentration en déterminant les concentrations en eau et en peroxyde dans la chambre.
Patent IT-1281531-B1 (IT)
Title: Anti-theft route tracing device for motor vehicles
Inventor: MARSICO GIUSEPPE
IPC: B60R/
Filed: 1995-05-04
Granted: 1998-02-18
Abstract: The "Anti-theft route tracing device for motor vehicles" is a system which enables a stolen vehicle to be found by means of a trace left along the path followed by the thief. If the starting system is tampered with, the device is activated and immediately begins to deposit the tracer on the tarmac with each change of direction, until a predetermined level in the tank is reached. On reaching this limit, the system simulates an empty fuel tank, stopping the vehicle and activating the corresponding signals on the instrument panel. The tracer is also deposited if the vehicle is towed or lifted. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1311938-B1 (IT)
Inventor: PEZZI GIORGIO
IPC: C13B20/16
Filed: 1999-04-21
Granted: 2002-03-20
Abstract: Purification of sugar beet juice which can exploit the traditional process, without increasing the use of lime, without increasing the environmental effects due to sludge, with reduced carbon dioxide emissions : A purification method for the raw juice obtained by diffusion from sugar beets, comprises sequential stages of pre-defecation and defecation with calcium oxide, carbonation, filtration, a second carbonation, and additional filtration. Before pre-defecation, a great fraction of the raw juice obtained is taken out, pre-filtered, then passed to a membrane filtration stage. The permeate obtained is mixed to the clear juice of the first carbonation, and the mixture routed to the second filtration.
Patent IT-1264388-B1 (IT)
Title: Acoustically absorbing construction member
Inventor: ZANON TRANQUILLO
IPC: C04B/
Filed: 1993-05-07
Granted: 1996-09-23
Abstract: A member used in construction of the type comprising a conglomerate of expanded clay or similar porous material and a binder for the said porous material has a percentage volume of porous material to the total volume of dry conglomerate lying in the range between 50% and 90%, and the maximum dimensions of the particles of porous material is 10.0 mm. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1265065-B1 (IT)
Inventor: ARVEDI GIOVANNI
IPC: B22D11/043
Filed: 1993-05-17
Granted: 1996-10-30
Abstract: An improved mould, particularly suitable for the continuous casting of thin slabs, shows the wide walls having a profile in a vertical plane being formed of a number of curved lines which are radiused to each other, in particular arcs of circumference having a bending radius of a size decreasing downward from a value approaching infinity on the inlet side where the tangent line to the profile is vertical, until reaching with a continuous line the known lower band at the outlet from the mould. The latter is an arc of circumference with the center in the oscillating center of mould, being positioned at a height comprised between the levels of inlet and outlet sides of the mould itself. Preferably the profile pattern is elliptical starting from the inlet side with vertical tangent down to said lower arc of circumference, so that the bending variation is caused to be tendentially continuous.
Patent IT-1265145-B1 (IT)
Inventor: GALLONE CESARE
IPC: H01R4/24
Filed: 1993-07-12
Granted: 1996-10-31
Abstract: In an electric connecting device, a pair of conductors (3) is engaged in respective anchoring seats (3) formed in one connecting portion (6) provided with a coupling bush (17) to be coaxially engaged by sliding on a guide collar (18) associated with a second connecting portion (10). Suitable fitting lugs (25, 27) associated with the guide collar (18) cooperate with coupling slots (26, 28) formed in the bush (17) for mutually fastening the first and second connecting portions (6, 10) to an operating condition in which the electric connecting elements (11) shaped as piercing points and integral with the first portion diametrically cross the terminal ends (3a) of the conductors (3) housed in the anchoring seats (7) for coming into close contact with the conductor cores (4). <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1313167-B1 (IT)
Title: Cam roller for traversing yarn over a bobbin is built up of separate elements arranged axially along a supporting shaft
Inventor: POHN ROMEO
IPC: B65H54/48
Filed: 1999-08-06
Granted: 2002-06-17
Abstract: A cam roller (1) consists of separate tubular elements (10,100) attached to a shaft (20) or carrier by bolts or clips through holes (30). The elements form a cam track (14) to guide a follower with a yarn guide or to guide the yarn directly. The elements can additionally be split transversely.
Patent IT-1268972-B1 (IT)
Inventor: AMORETTI LUIGI
IPC: F16L39/00
Filed: 1994-05-27
Granted: 1997-03-18
Abstract: The extension coupling for fluid distribution equipment has a first external tubular body (18), a second internal tubular body (19) for the passage of said fluids, and a coupling (20,23-25) for its connection, in series, to other similar elements and/or handle connected to the distribution equipment and/or accessories. The first body (18) and the second body (19) are monolithic, and are obtained from one single molding process of plastic material.
Patent IT-1285163-B1 (IT)
Title: Self-cleaning electric mat
Inventor: FRANCIONE FRANCESCO
IPC: A47L/
Filed: 1995-08-03
Granted: 1998-06-03
Abstract: The electric mat essentially comprises a rectangular container, a grid, a set of brushes and an electric motor. It functions automatically merely as a result of the pressure of the two feet, when a single foot is lifted from the grid it stops instantly in order to prevent the user from losing stability. The shoe cleaning action takes place in a few seconds through alternating horizontal movement of the brushes, while in order to permit effective cleaning these are automatically adjusted beneath the weight. The dirt accumulating at the bottom can be removed in two ways - manually with simple removal of the grid and the brushes, or automatically by means of a suction device which is driven by the electric mat, with a corresponding attachment being provided on the latter. As a result of its performance, it is particularly indicated for entrances to buildings in general, hospitals, banks, laboratories, supermarkets, airports, lift wells, hotels. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1278842-B1 (IT)
Title: Device for opening the plates of a filter press in two or more stages
Inventor: FRACCAROLLI TIZIANO
IPC: B01D/
Filed: 1995-06-27
Granted: 1997-11-28
Abstract: The device according to the invention permits, in practice, to double or more than double the number of filtering plates inside a filter press, lengthening the machine only by the length of a second pack of plates plus the opening space between two plates, and to do so without reducing the thickness of the plates themselves. The movement of the second pack of plates takes place by inserting a device, into the frame of the machine, comprising for example a pair of cylinders, generally hydraulic and driven by a common control unit separate from the one driving the main thrust piston, the heads of said cylinders being constrained by means of at least one bracket and a plate placed in a substantially central position with respect to the entire pack of plates comprising both the first and the second pack of plates. In a manner in itself known, the opening of the first pack of plates takes place by means of the first piston which is progressively retracted, opening the first pack of plates in concertina manner; then, a common shaking mechanism shakes the plates of the first pack so as to assist the simultaneous evacuation of mud from the panels. On completion of this operation, the device according to the invention is actuated and opens the second pack in concertina form and, at the same time, closes the first pack also in the manner of a concertina. Acting in this way, the overall space occupied is quite small, as the main piston requires a stroke equal to the difference between the opening and closing distances of one pack of plates, increased by the opening distance between two individual plates. <IMAGE>
Patent JP-2884516-B1 (JP)
Title: 着氷計
IPC: G01W1/14
Filed: 1998-04-10
Granted: 1999-04-19
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】着氷の成長速度を一定時間間隔で初期条件を再 現しながら計測することができる着氷計を提供する。
【解決手段】球体とした着氷部（１）に表面温度を計測 できるように熱電対（１０）を取り付けるとともに、着 氷した氷を除去できるように加熱ヒーター（６−１）を 取り付けた。一定時間の間に着氷部（１）に衝突して捕 捉された水のうち着氷しないで流下した水を水受け部 （２）に溜めて、着氷部（１）に着氷した氷と水受け部 （２）に溜まった水とを二つの荷重計（５−１，５− ２）で計測することにより、着氷の成長速度を計測可能 とした。また、加熱ヒーター（６−１）により着氷部 （１）の氷を除去するとともに、水受け部（２）の排水 用電磁弁を開けて排水すれば、着氷計測の初期状態を再 現することができる。
Patent JP-2967874-B1 (JP)
Title: 上路式吊構造橋の架設方法
IPC: E01D19/16
Filed: 1998-05-08
Granted: 1999-10-25
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  二つの固定構造体間に主吊材を張架し、この 上に立ち上げられた柱状の支持部材によって桁部材を支 持する上路式吊構造橋を、安全かつ経済的に構築する。
【解決手段】  地盤上に構築された二つの橋台１．２間 に仮設用のケーブル７を張架し、このケーブルに、上路 桁となる複数の桁部材４を橋の軸線方向に配列して支持 させる。この桁部材には、下側に支持部材５があらかじ め取り付けられている。上記ケーブルの下方には、該ケ ーブルより大きなたわみを生じるように主吊材３を橋台 間に張架し、支持部材の下端と接合する。そして、この 主吊材を両端部で引張し、主吊材の長さを調整すること によって、支持部材を介して桁部材を所定高さまで押し あげる。この状態で複数の桁部材間にコンクリートを打 切し、これらを一体化して上路桁とする。上記仮設用の ケーブルは、上路桁と一体化し、プレストレスの導入に 用いることができる。
Patent JP-2900030-B1 (JP)
Title: 収納容器の蓋固定バンド及び収納容器
IPC: B65D45/32
Filed: 1998-06-04
Granted: 1999-06-02
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】バンドの開梱が容易で短時間に行え且つ安価に 提供できる収納容器の蓋固定バンド及び収納容器を提供 するにある。
【解決手段】固定バンド５は、縦断面が略八の字形状の バンド本体６と、このバンド本体６の一方の端にバンド 方向に突出形成された矢部本体７、この矢部本体７の端 方に設けられた側方に顎部分９、９を突出させてなる係 止顎部１０、この係止顎部１０の奥方の矢部本体７の適 宜な部位に設けられた、カシメ状態でバンド本体６の端 方同士を連結固定するための、側方に顎部分１１、１１ を突出させてなる連結固定用顎部１２とからなる矢部１ ３と、バンド本体６のもう一方の端方側に形成された、 矢部１３を差し込むための差込孔１４と、前記矢部本体 ７が通る幅に形成された矢部本体はまり部１６とからな っている。
Patent JP-2974659-B1 (JP)
Title: アレーアンテナの制御装置
IPC: H04B7/08
Filed: 1998-07-06
Granted: 1999-11-10
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  マルチパス伝搬路における信号相関係数の絶 対値を高くすることができ、構成が簡単であって実用化 することができる。
【解決手段】  複数Ｎ個のアンテナ素子からなるアレー アンテナを制御するためのアレーアンテナの制御装置で ある。分析フィルタバンク６−１乃至６−Ｎは、複数Ｎ 個の受信信号をそれぞれ複数Ｍ個の所定のサブバンドに 帯域分割した後ダウンサンプリングレートＭ／２でダウ ンサンプリングする。荷重係数加算回路７−１乃至７− Ｍは、分析フィルタバンク６−１乃至６−Ｎからの複数 Ｎ個の信号を所定の荷重係数で乗算した後加算して出力 する。合成フィルタバンク９は、荷重係数加算回路７− １乃至７−Ｍからの信号をアップサンプリングレートＭ ／２でアップサンプリングした後、各２個のサブバンド 毎に帯域合成した後加算して受信信号として出力する。
Patent JP-2958641-B1 (JP)
Title: 配水本管内貯留緊急給水装置
IPC: E03B7/07
Filed: 1998-08-12
Granted: 1999-10-06
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  既存の水道配水施設をそのまま使用する配水 本管内貯留緊急給水装置を提供する。
【解決手段】  配水本管と、この配水本管から分岐する 配水本管支管と、この配水本管支管から分岐する配水支 管とから構成される水道配水施設において、貯留部とこ の貯留部の両端に連結する配水部とからなる配水本管の 貯留部の両端に曲管を取り付けてこの貯留部を配水部よ り低く位置せしめ、これら配水部および曲管を介して連 結された配水本管支管の各曲管近辺に吸排気弁を取り付 けると共に前記配水本管支管に揚水ポンプピットを取り 付け、この揚水ポンプピットにその底面に達するように して揚水補助管を挿入し、この揚水補助管に可動装置を 介して揚水管を挿入し、この揚水管の他端にはストップ バルブおよび揚水ポンプを取り付けていることを特徴と する配水本管内貯留緊急給水装置。
Patent JP-3044026-B1 (JP)
Title: 熱風リフロー炉の送風機構
IPC: B23K1/008
Filed: 1998-12-04
Granted: 2000-05-22
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  幅の大きなプリント基板に対して効率的な送 風が可能で、かつその場合でも炉体流れ方向に設置する ゾーン数を十分確保可能で適切な温度プロファイルのセ ッテイング、コントロールを実現可能とする。
【解決手段】  軸流ファン２１と該軸流ファン２１で発 生された風を規制する四角筒状送風ケース２２とを有す る送風ユニット２０を炉体内の幅方向に複数配置すると ともに、前記四角筒状送風ケース２２における炉体幅方 向の壁と炉体流れ方向の壁の長さを略等しく設定する。 前記炉体流れ方向の壁は、前記軸流ファンの風の分散を 防ぐ基部側壁部３０ａと、該基部側壁部よりも引っ込ん でいて当該基部側壁部で規制されていた風の流れを開放 して分散させる先端側壁部３０ｂとからなっている。
Patent NO-329877-B1 (NO)
Inventor: GAD ALEXANDER
IPC: A61K39/395
Filed: 2001-03-21
Abstract: The present invention provides molecular weight markers for accurate determination of the molecular weight of glatiramer acetate and other copolymers. The present invention further provides a plurality of molecular weight markers for determining the molecular weight of glatiramer acetate and other copolymers which display linear relationships between molar ellipticity and molecular weight, and between retention time and the log of the molecular weight. The molecular weight markers also optimally demonstrate biological activity similar to glatiramer acetate or corresponding copolymers and can be used for treating or preventing various immune diseases.
Patent NO-324489-B1 (NO)
Inventor: POINTING MICHAEL EDWARD
IPC: E21B43/10
Filed: 2004-01-09
Abstract: A stabiliser is disclosed for stabilising a radially expandable tubular element extending in a wellbore drilled into an earth formation. The stabiliser comprises a radially expandable tubular member selected from a section of the tubular element and a sleeve surrounding the tubular element, and at least one stabiliser arm connected to the tubular member, each arm being movable from a radially retracted position to a radially extended position by the action of a spring force. The stabiliser further comprises locking means arranged to lock each arm in the retracted position when the tubular element is in the unexpanded form and to unlock the arm upon radial expansion of the tubular member so as to allow the arm to move to the extended position thereof.
Patent NO-321850-B1 (NO)
Title: Fremgangsmate for a generere og verifisere en elektronisk signatur
Inventor: SKORVE EIGIL TAPIO
IPC: H04Q7/32
Filed: 2004-06-25
Abstract: Den foreliggende oppfinnelsen tilveiebringer en fremgangsmåte for å generere en elektronisk signatur, for utførelse av en prosesseirngsenhet i en mobilterminal. Oppfinnelsen omfatter videre en fremgangsmåte for å verifisere den elektroniske signaturen.