Patent GB-802786-A (GB)
Title: Improved fluid pressure power steering mechanism for motor vehicles
IPC: B62D5/06
Filed: 1956-02-01
Abstract: 802,786. Vehicle power steering. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. Feb. 1, 1956 [April 26, 1955], No. 3174/56. Class 79(5) In the control valve 80 of a vehicle power steering mechanism a spindle 90 is axially movable a limited amount by reaction consequent to manual steering effort to direct hydraulic pressure from a pump 86 to a servomotor and a casing 82 includes a chamber 132 communicating through an auxiliary valve 150 with the pressure fluid inlet to the valve, the chamber 150 containing pressure fluid reaction surfaces connected to the spindle 90, and the auxiliary valve being subject to the pressure in the chamber and adapted to block communication between the chamber and the pressure fluid inlet above a predetermined pressure. As shown the vehicle steering mechanism comprises a steering shaft 28 carrying a handwheel 30 and a threaded end 26 which engages through balls 74 a nut 24 connected by a key 70 and a ring 68 to a member 22 having rack teeth 20. The teeth 20 engage a segment 18 on a shaft 12 connected by an arm 14 to a drag link 16, the shaft 12 being axially adjustable in a casing 10 by a screw 11. The member 22 is formed as a piston in a cylindrical portion of the casing and is subjected to hydraulic pressure from the pump 86 to give power assistance to the steering mechanism. The hydraulic pressure is controlled by the valve 80 having the spindle 90 moved by reaction between the members 24, 26 and connected to a member 92 pivoted at 93. The member 92 engages at 94 with a disc 44 forming a central race for bearings 45, the outer races 46 of which are held in position on the shaft 28 by a shoulder 48 and a nut 43. Axial movement of the shaft 28 to actuate the valve 80 is limited by a plate 34 and a shoulder on a steering shaft casing 32 on either side of the disc 44. Two series of springs 29, 29a are arranged between the plate 34 and a washer 53, the series 29 being each held by a headed rivet 31 connecting the washer 53 and disc 44 and the series 29a each abutting the plate 34 and the washer 53, whereby axial movement of the shaft 28 in either direction is resisted by the springs. The valve spindle 90 comprises a central land 104 and end lands 105, 106 and the casing 82 of the valve has conduits 110, 116 connected by a conduit 112 and a line 114 with a reservoir 84, a conduit 108 connected to the output of the pump 86, and conduits 120, 122 connected to the cylindrical portion of the casing 10 on both sides of the piston 22. The spindle 90 has radial bores 170, 186, 190 leading to an axial bore housing the auxiliary valve 150 which is urged by a spring 156 against a fixed stop 184. The valve 150 has lands 152, 153, the land 152 having an annular groove 158 connectted to an axial bore 162. The spindle 90 is centred by a spring 136 in the chamber 132 abutting washers 138, 140 engaging shoulders on the valve casing 82 and the spindle 90, the chamber 132 being connected by a bore 168 to the end 166 of the bore housing the valve 150. In operation the spindle 90 is moved axially in either direction through the parts 44, 92 to pressurize one side of the piston 22 and to connect the other side of the piston 22 to the reservoir 84, the spring 136 being compressed by the spindle movement. The pressure in the conduit 108 is communicated to the chamber 132 through the bore 170, groove 158, bore 162, chamber 166 and bore 168, such pressure and spring compression serving to centre the spindle 90. Excessive pressure in the chambers 132, 166 moves the valve 150 against the action of the spring 156 to cut the groove 158 off from the bore 170 thus reducing the pressure in the chamber 132 and facilitating easier manual movement of the spindle 90. If the pressure in the chamber 132 increases still further by movement of the spindle 90, the valve 150 is further moved to uncover the bore 190 to the chamber 166 and hence relieving the pressure in the chamber 132 to the conduit 112 and reservoir 84. The differential area of the washer 140 and end land 105 offsets the different areas of the piston 22 subject to pressure so that a sense of "feel" at the steering wheel 30 is provided until the valve 150 is moved to limit or relieve the pressure in the chamber 132. In a modification, Fig. 6 (not shown), the valve 150 is provided in a blind bore in the valve casing 82, the bore being connected by conduits in an analogous manner to the embodiment shown. Specifications 767,672 and 785,962 [Group XXXVI] are referred to. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 713,786 [Group XXIX].