Patent GB-1117528-A (GB)
Title: Process for dispersing solids
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1965-08-23
Abstract: A solid is dispersed in a liquid by applying the solid to the surface of an organic carrier then dissolving the coated carrier in the liquid or finely distributing it in the liquid by melting. The solid can be a metal, e.g. Sn or Sb, or metal compound such as oxides, e.g. TiO2, hydroxides, salts of organic and inorganic acids and organo-metal or complex compounds.  The metal compounds can be applied to the surface of the carrier then converted to the metal. When the solid is a metal a thickness of the metal layer of less than 1m  is preferred.  The solid layer formed on the surface of the carrier can be covered by another layer if desired.  The solid may be present in the amount of 0.001-5%, or above, of the weight of the carrier.  The carrier can be a natural or synthetic polymer in the form of a fibre, film, band or sheet, e.g. cellulose and cellulose derivatives, resins and natural and synthetic albuminous products, polyolefins and olefin copolymers, polyamides, polyimides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyacetals, polyethers, polyvinyl or polyacryl compounds or mixtures and copolymers thereof, polyalkylene oxides and polyvinyl alcohol. The liquid can be a spinning melt or spinning solution and may contain acids, amines, amides, dimethyl sulphoxide, nitriles, isocyanates, esters, polyhydric alcohols, lactams, lactones, ketones, hydrocarbons or derivatives thereof, or mixtures thereof, polyesters, polyamides, cellulose derivatives, polyacrylonitrile, polymethacrylonitrile, polyvinylidenenitrile, polyacetals and poly-a -olefins or poly-substituted a -olefins, substances having antistatic or flameproofing effect, optical brighteners, plasticizers, cross-linking agents, vulcanization agents, fillers, electrically conductive or semi-conductive substances, monomers which undergo grafting reactions, cross-linking reactions, polycondensation or polymerization, initiators, catalysts or compounds which take up by-products formed during condensation. Preferably the invention is used to disperse metal catalyst into a reaction mixture of dicarboxylic acids and glycols which is then used to produce linear polyesters.  In the examples, a mixture of the product obtained by effecting an ester-interchange reaction between dimethylterephthalate and ethylene glycol (with or without polyethyleneterephthalate waste) was polycondensed in the presence of triphenyl phosphite and  a film of polyethylene terephthalate coated with Sb or Sn.ALSO:A solid is dispersed in a liquid by applying the solid to the surface of an organic carrier then dissolving the coated carrier in the liquid or finely distributing it in the liquid by melting. The solid can be a metal, e.g. Sn or Sb, or metal compound, such as oxides, e.g. TiO2, hydroxides, salts of organic and inorganic acids and organo-metal or complex compounds.  The metal compounds can be applied to the surface of the carrier then converted to the metal. When the solid is a metal a thickness of the metal layer of less than 1m  is preferred.  The solid layer formed on the surface of the carrier can be covered by another layer if desired.  The solid may be present in the amount of 0.001-5%, or above, of the weight of the carrier.  The carrier can be a natural or synthetic polymer in the form of a fibre, film, band or sheet, e.g. cellulose and cellulose derivatives, resins and natural and synthetic albuminous products, polyolefins and olefin copolymers, polyamides, polyimides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyacetals, polyethers, polyvinyl or polyacryl compounds or mixtures and copolymers thereof, polyalkylene oxides and polyvinyl alcohol. The liquid can be a spinning melt or spinning solution and may contain acids, amines, amides, dimethyl sulphoxide, nitriles, isocyanates, esters, polyhydric alcohols, lactams, lactones, ketones, hydrocarbons or derivatives thereof, or mixtures thereof, polyesters, polyamides cellulose derivatives, polyacrylonitrile, polymethacrylonitrile, polyvinylidenenitrile, polyacetals and poly-a -olefins or poly-substituted a -olefins, substances having antistatic or flameproofing effect, optical brighteners, plasticizers, cross-linking agents, vulcanization agents, fillers, electrically conductive or semi-conductive substances, monomers which undergo grafting reactions, cross-linking reactions, polycondensation or polymerization, initiators, catalysts or compounds which take up by-products formed during condensation. Preferably the invention is used to disperse metal catalyst, Sn or Sb, into a reaction mixture of dicarboxylic acids and ethylene glycols which is then used to produce linear polyesters. In the Examples a mixture of dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, zinc acetate and triphenyl phosphite has added to it a film of polyethylene terephthalate coated with Sb or Sn. The Examples also describe the polymerization conducted without the catalyst being dispersed by the above method.ALSO:A solid is dispersed in a liquid by applying the solid to the surface of an organic carrier then dissolving the coated carrier in the liquid or finely distributing it in the liquid by melting. The solid can be a metal e.g. Su or Sb or metal compound, such as oxides, e.g. TiO2, hydroxides, salts of organic and inorganic acids organo-metal or complex compounds.  The metal compounds can be applied to the surface of the carrier then converted to the metal.  When the solid is a metal a thickness of the metal layer of less than 1m  is preferred.  The solid layer formed on the surface of the carrier can be covered by another layer if desired.  The solid may be present in the amount of 0.001-5%, or above, of the weight of the carrier.  The carrier can be a natural or synthetic polymer in the form of a fibre, film, band or sheet, e.g. cellulose and cellulose derivatives, resins and natural and synthetic abluminous products, polyolefins and olefin copolymers, polyamides, polyimides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyacetals, polyethers polyvinyl or polyarcyl compounds or mixtures and copolymers thereof, polyalkylene oxides and polyvinyl alcohol.  The liquid can be a spinning melt or spinning solution and may contain acids, amines amines, amides, dimethyl sulphoxide, nitriles, isocyanates, esters, polyhydric alcohols, lactams, lactones, ketones, hydrocarbons or derivates thereof, or mixtures thereof polyesters polyamides cellulose derivatives, polycarylonitrile, polymethacrylonitrile, polyvinylidenenitrile, polyacetals and poly-a -olefins or poly-substituted a -olefins substances having antistatic or flameproofing effect, optical brighteners, plasticizers, cross-linking agents, vulcanisation agents, fillers, electrically conductive or semiconductive substances, monomers which undergo grafting reactions, cross-linking reactions, polycondensation or polymerisation, initiators, catalysts or compounds which take up by-products formed during condensation.  Preferably the invention is used to disperse metal catalyst, Sn or Sb, into a reaction mixture of dicarboxylic acids and ethylene glycols which is then used to produce linea polyesters.  In the Examples a mixture of dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, zinc acetate and triphenyl phosphite has added to it a film of polyethylene terephthalate coated with Sb or Sn.  The Examples also describe the polymerisation conducted without the catalyst being dispersed by the above method.