Patent GB-973943-A (GB)
Title: A process for the production of self-crosslinking polymers
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1963-01-28
Abstract: Self-crosslinking homopolymers or copolymers are made by polymerizing an N-methylol amide of an olefinic carboxylic acid, in which the methylol groups are acylated, alone or in admixture with copolymerizable monomers. Preferred N-methylol acyl amides are those of the formula: <FORM:0973943/C3/1> in which R1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl radical, -CO.R2 is an acyl radical of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic or heterocyclic carboxylic acid, and R3 is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical, or a hydrogen atom. Compounds of this type may be prepared by the process described in Specification 969,723. Co-monomers specified are unsaturated acids and their nitriles and esters, styrene derivatives thereof, diolefines, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl ketones, vinyl and vinylidene chlorides N-methylol ethers of acrylamide and methacrylamide, Mannich bases of acrylamide and methacrylamide, triallyl cyanurate and triallyl phosphate. Polymerization is carried out in solution in an organic solvent or in aqueous emulsion with the aid of anionic, cationic or non-ionic emulsifiers, in the presence of catalysts which may be organic or inorganic peroxy compounds, redox systems, or azo compounds. Other features of the polymerization process may be the use of mercaptans, the addition of reactants during the course of the polymerization, the use of a citrate buffer in emulsion polymerization to maintain a pH of 4-6, polymerization in the presence of preformed polymers which lead to the production of graft copolymers, and precipitation polymerization from a solution of monomer in a mixture of glycol and acetone. The examples describe the copolymerization of N-methylol acyl amides of the above formula with: (1) (a) a mixture of methyl or butyl acrylate and styrene or vinyl toluene, or (b) a mixture of vinyl acetate and vinyl methyl ketone; (2) methyl and butyl acrylate, acrylic acid and acrylonitrile; (3) acrylamide; (5) ethyl acrylate \sB vinylidene chloride; (6) butadiene, styrene, acrylonitrile and 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate. styrene and acrylamide. The examples describe also: (3) the homopolymerization of the propionic ester of N-methylol methacrylamide; (4) the homopolymerization of the acetic ester of N-methylol acrylamide; (7) the graft polymerization of a mixture of butyl acrylate and the butyric ester of N-methylol methacrylamide on to polybutadiene in latex form; (8) the homopolymerization of the nonadecylic ester of N-methylol methacrylamide; and (9) the preparation of a textile printing paste consisting of an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of the acetic ester of N-methylol methacrylamide, butyl acrylate, styrene and acrylamide, carbon black, sodium alginate and heavy gasoline.  Specifications 792,874 and 898,967 also are referred to.ALSO:Cotton and artificial wool textiles are roller printed with a printing paste consisting of an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of the acetic ester of N-methylol methacrylamide, butyl acrylate, styrene and acrylamide, carbon black, sodium alginate and heavy gasoline, followed by fixation at 120 DEG C.  Specifications 792,874, 898,967 and 969,723 are referred to.