Patent GB-402392-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the dyeing of materials
IPC: C09B1/514
Filed: 1932-02-17
Abstract: Cellulose esters and ethers, dyeing.--Cellulose ester or ether materials are coloured with an anthraquinone compound containing as sole substituents an a -hydroxy group, and free amino or non-aromatically substituted amino group, and an a -arylamino group of the benzene series, the latter preferably being unsulphonated. The phenylamino residue may contain substituents such as alkyl (cf. Specification 402,391), hydroxy, alkoxy (cf. Specification 402,393), amino, halogen, or acidylamino, and the second hydrogen atom of the aryl substituted amino group may be replaced by an aliphatic residue. The nonaromatically substituted amino group when present may comprise a methyl-, ethyl-, oxyethyl, oxypropyl-, g -chloro-b -oxypropyl-, aralkyl-, cyclohexylhydrogenised benzyl-, or piperidyl-amino residue, or aliphatic acidylamino such as an acetylamino residue.  Most satisfactory results are obtained from compounds wherein the phenylamino residue is in p-position to one of the other substituents, of which the amino residue is either unsubstituted or contains methyl, ethyl or similar low alkyl residue.  For the production of these compounds an a -oxyanthraquinone containing one of the desired amino substituents and a third replaceable or convertible atom or group in an a -position is treated so as to replace by or convert into the desired amino residue the replaceable or convertible atom or group; thus sulpho, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, nitro, amino, substituted amino, or halogen in a -position may be replaced by or converted into the desired amino or substituted amino residue and instances of the means for such replacement are given. Starting materials specified are 4-aminochrysazin, 1.4-diamino-5-oxyanthraquinone, 5-amino quinizarin, 1-amino 4-oxy-5- or 8-sulphoanthraquinone and 1-amino-4-oxy-5-or 8-chloranthraquinone, particularly the chrysazin compound or the corresponding p-nitro compound (which is prepared by nitrating the boric ester of chrysazin in sulphuric acid); the latter body may be reduced with an alkaline sugar solution or reacted with an aliphatic amine, and the resulting compound then condensed with aniline in presence of boric acid at 175--180 DEG C., preferably in presence of iron.  The dyestuffs are applied to the material which may contain other textile fibres in admixture, in solution, or in aqueous suspension, or after being brought into colloidal form.  For convenience they may be converted into preparations in which the colouring matter is in colloidal or dispersed form by grinding (for example in colloid mills), or by dissolving in a solvent and mixing with water containing or not protective colloids and/or dispersators, or by treatment with dispersing agents alone or in the presence of protective colloids. Dispersing agents or protective colloids mentioned are sulphoaromatic fatty acid compounds (Specification 242,393, [Class 15 (ii), Dyeing, Processes &c. for]), sulphoaromatic ricinoleic acid compounds (Specification 273,819, [Class 15 (ii), Dyeing, Processes &c. for]), naphthenic acids or other carbocyclic compounds containing salt-forming groups or salts thereof (Specification 224,925, [Class 15 (ii), Dyeing, Processes &c. for]), sulphonated oil compounds, sulphuric esters of higher aliphatic alcohols, furfural-naphthalene sulphonic acid compounds (Specification 322,737, [Class (iii), Dyes &c. for), resinonaphthalene sulphonic acid compounds (Specification 323,788, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes, &c.]), formaldehyde-naphthalene sulphonic acid compounds, alkyl-, cycloalkyl and aralkyl-naphthalene sulphonic acids, sulphite cellulose waste liquors, sulpho compounds of mineral oils, tar oils, &c., and their condensation products with alcohols, sulpho compounds of distillation residues of benzaldehyde, carbohydrates (including gums), glue and gelatine.  Such preparations may be used for application to the materials by dyeing, printing stencilling or other method of local application, or they may be used for the colouration of stannous chloride discharges according to Specification 351,457.  In examples (1) 4-nitrochrysazin is reduced in soda and glucose and condensed with aniline in presence of boric acid; when dispersed by means of Turkey Red Oil it yields blue shades on cellulose acetate: (2) 4-aminochrysazin is condensed with o-toluidine.  A further example illustrates a specific process of dyeing cellulose acetate by means of an aqueous soap solution containing a dispersion of the product of (1) in Turkey Red oil; for printing purposes the dye paste is suitably diluted and thickened with gum thickening to which a swelling agent may also be added. Specification 310,784, [Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], also is referred to.