baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1504086-A (GB)
Title: Hydrogenation of carbonaceous materials to produce liquid
IPC: C10G1/06
Filed: 1976-05-14
Abstract: 1504086 Hydrogenation of coal CITIES SERVICE CO 14 May 1976 20132/76 Heading C5E Gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons and ashcontaining char are produced by adding hot hydrogen to a stream of liquid or crushed solid carbonaceous material in a reactor and thereafter quenching the reacting mixture within the reactor with a total residence time of from 2 milliseconds to 2 seconds. Coal is mixed with hot hydrogen in a ratio of 0À05-4 pounds of hydrogen per pound of coal and reacted at 400-2000‹ C. and 500-5000 p.s.i.g. prior to quenching, e.g. with hydrogen at - 150‹ or -140‹ C.; the product comprises methane to C 5  hydrocarbons and aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylene.
Patent GB-425539-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vibration dampening devices
IPC: B23B21/00
Filed: 1933-07-17
Abstract: 425,539. Grinding-machines. BADCOCK, F., 2, Allison Gardens, Dulwich Common, London, and KANE, R. W. H., Orchard End, West Road, Coombe, Surrey. July 17, 1933, No. 20172. [Class 60] [See also Groups XXXII and XXII] In a metal-cutting machine such as a grinding-machine, means associated with the toolholding and/or work-holding device are provided for damping vibrations set up during operation of the machine and comprise two members connected together so as to be capable of a limited amount of frictionallyrestrained movement relatively to one another against the action of resilient means which return the members to normal position. Fig. 1 shows a device for forming or trueing cylindrical surfaces and comprises a shaft 1 to which a tool-carrying head 2 is connected by a spring-pressed bolt arrangement 6, 8, the shaft carrying a resilient pin 12 engaging a larger sized hole 14 in the head 2. A friction washer 15 e.g. of cork separates the opposed faces 16 of the members 1, 2. When the cutting pressure exceeds a predetermined amount the head moves relatively to the shaft flexing the pin 12 which afterwards returns the head to its normal position. In a second construction a cutting-tool 26, Fig. 2, is fixed to a resilient bar 20 clamped at one end and frictionally connected at its other end by a spring-pressed bolt device 22, 24 to a member 19 secured to the shaft 1. In a modification, Fig. 4 when the resilient toolcarrying member 30 is deflected by undue pressure, inclined surfaces 33, 34 on the member 30 and on the head of a spring-pressed pin 35 carried by the tool-bar 32 coact with each other and oppose the return movements of the parts on rebound of the member 30. Fig. 6 shows a further construction comprising members 42, 43 clamped together directly or through springs 51, by bolts 48, pins 40, 41 of equal or different resiliency being secured to the member 42 and engaging larger-sized holes 44, 45 in the member 43. Relative rotative movement between the members due to excessive working pressure flexes the pins together or in succession straightening of the pins returning the parts. More than two pins may be used. In a modification a single central pin replaces the pins 40, 41 the vibration damping means being adapted to absorb slight rectilinear movements of the two members.
Patent GB-586178-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to time switches
IPC: G04C23/34
Filed: 1944-10-18
Abstract: 586,178. Ratchet gearing. VENNER TIME SWITCHES, Ltd., and HORGAN, W. F. Oct. 18, 1944. No. 20187. [Class 80 (iii] [Also in Group XXXVII] A time switch comprises " on " and " off " hands 14, 15 driven at constant speed, each type of hand actuating a lever transmission consisting of a lever 36 or 36<1> with pawl 40 or 40<1>, so arranged that on each actuation it advances, by half a tooth-space, a co-operating ratchet wheel 27 or 28, secured to a cam 22, which steps the switching device " on " and " off " alternately. Displacement of the eight-tooth wheels 27, 28 by more than half a tooth-space is prevented by the block-. ing action of a projection 54<1> or 54, on the unmoved lever 36<1> or 36. A spring-urged detent 25 engages the sixteen-tooth wheel 24 to ensure accurate step-wise movement of the eight-tooth cam 22 to raise or lower a pin 20 on a lever 17, 18, operating the moving contact 8. As a dial 2, carrying the hands 14, 15, and driven by a synchronous motor, completes each revolution, it advances a seven-point star wheel 49 by one point, so that a stud 52 projecting upwards may, as on Sundays, raise a blocking lever 46<1> to displace the tail 44' of the pawl 40' and prevent the pawl from actuating the wheel 28 that day; subsequent actuation that day by the pawl 40 being avoided as its path of movement is less than one tooth-space. The pin 52 may alternatively project downwards to actuate a lever 46 co-operating with the pawl 40. Hand actuation of the switch may be effected by pressing a button 153 and causing a pawl 57 to advance the wheel 24 by one-sixteenth of a revolution.
Patent GB-228952-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to front wheel driven vehicles
IPC: B60K17/04
Filed: 1923-08-08
Abstract: 228,952. Ireland, W. E., and Wray, A. E. Aug. 8, 1923. Driving steering-wheels; transmission gear of invariable ratio. - The steering-wheels of an electrically-propelled vehicle are driven from a differential gear through bevel gearing c, p, k, arranged about the steering pivots e and balanced reducing gear m, n, o arranged in the road wheels. The intermediate wheels n of the reducing gear rotate on pins 2 carried by spiders 3 fixed to the stub axles d. Specification 8553/05 is referred to.
Patent GB-1151173-A (GB)
Title: Transportable Pipeline Structure
Inventor: SCHWING FRIEDRICH WILHELM
IPC: B65G53/52
Filed: 1967-05-02
Abstract: 1,151,173. Articulated pipes; pipe couplings. F. W. SCHWING. 2 May, 1967 [3 May, 1966], No. 30233/67. Headings F2G and F2P. A transportable pipeline structure comprises a platform 6 upon which is mounted a pipeline 1 with its outlet end disposed at a higher level than its inlet end adjacent the platform 6, the pipeline being formed from a plurality of end-toend connected sections 1 each supported in a frame 2, the adjacent ones of which are connected to form a framework for the assembled pipeline sections, at least the outlet portion of the pipe being rotatably mounted relative to the base. As shown, a support 7 for the pipeline 1 is mounted on the platform 6 by a slewable mounting 3 the pipeline being provided with either a rotary joint, not shown, or a flexible portion, not shown, in the region of the mounting 3. Each frame 2 consists of a section of pipeline 1 supported at its ends in a frame 2 by sleeves 14, 14a mounted in transverse members 13, 13a, respectively, the sleeve 14 of one frame entering the sleeve 14a of the adjacent frame below to provide a joint between the pipeline sections of the two frames, and mandrels 16 on the transverse member 13 being received in corresponding apertures 17 in the adjacent transverse member 13a below and being connected by wedges, not shown, driven into slots 18 in the mandrels 16. The pipeline assembly can be raised in the support 7, e.g. by a manually operable winch or by an hydraulic or pneumatic piston and cylinder assembly so that an additional frame can be placed in the support whereupon the assembly of interconnected frames above can be lowered and connected to the additional frame. The winch, or the piston and cylinder assembly, can also be used for removing a pipeline section. The uppermost frame has a projecting pipeline section which is supported by a tie-rod 10 and is counterbalanced by a weight 12, a flexible hose 22 being connected to the outlet of the pipeline section. In a modification, Fig. 2, (not shown), the support (7) is mounted upon a horizontal pivotal axis (8) on the platform (6) of a self-propelled vehicle, the inclination of the assembly being adjustable e.g. by an hydraulic or pneumatic piston and cylinder assembly (5), and only the upper part of the pipeline being slewable at a rotary joint (4). Material, e.g. concrete, can be pumped from a hopper (24) into the pipeline (1) by means of a pump (23). The pivotable axis (8) may be mounted on a slewable joint to which the lower end of the piston and cylinder assembly (5) is connected.
Patent GB-878908-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to thermoplastic synthetic polymers
Inventor: COOKE EDWARD INGRAM
IPC: C08K5/02
Filed: 1958-06-24
Abstract: A solid composition resistant to attack by pests such as ants and termites comprises a thermoplastic polymer, such as polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 10-hexachloro-1, 4, 4a, 5, 8, 8a-hexahydro-1, 4, 5, 8-endo, exo-dimethanonaphthalene (aldrin), 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 10-hexachloro-6, 7-epoxy-1, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a-octahydro-1, 4, 5, 8-endo, exo-dimethanonaphthalene (dieldrin), 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 10-hexachloro-6, 7-epoxy-1, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a-octahydro-1, 4, 5, 8-endo, endo-dimethanonaphthalene (endrin), or mixtures thereof.  The compositions find application as electrical insulation, e.g. as sheatings for cables.ALSO:A solid composition resistant to ants and termites comprises a thermoplastic polymer such as polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride, and 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a, 5,8,8a - hexahydro - 1,4,5,8 - endo, exo - dimethanonaphthalene (aldrin), 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro - 6,7 - epoxy - 1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro - 1,4,5,8 - endo, exo - dimethanonaphthalene (dieldrin), 1,2,3,4,10,10 - hexachloro - 6,7 - epoxy - 1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a - octahydro - 1,4,5,8 - endo, exo - dimethanonaphthalene (endrin), or mixtures thereof.  The products find application as sheathings for cables.
Patent GB-701178-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in binding apparatus for straw presses
IPC: A01F15/14
Filed: 1951-08-28
Abstract: 701,178. Baling - presses. W E L G E R, O., NESTLER, H., and WELGER, K. Aug. 28, 1951 [Nov. 25, 1950; June 28, 1951], No. 29297/51. Class 94 (1) In a baling-press in which twine is passed round a bale and secured by knotting, the free end of the twine being held by a clamp, the coacting parts of the clamp are moved apart by positively-acting means to effect partial release of the clamp during the formation of the knot. Alternatively, the abutment of the spring operating the clamp is displaced by positively-acting means to reduce the clamping pressure. In one form. Fig. 1, the clamp comprises a fixed cone 6 and a movable cone 4 secured to an axiallyslidable shaft 3 which is rotated through a bevel gear 5 during the formation of the knot. The cones are urged into clamping engagement with the twine by a leaf spring supported by a fixed knife edge 7 and having an arm 8 engaging the bevel gear 5 and the other arm 9 loaded by an adjustable helical apring 10. The gear 5 is formed with a surface 13 engaging a helical surface 12 on the machine frame, whereby the cone 4 is moved downwards to relieve the clamping pressure as the shaft 3 rotates during the formation of the knot. In a second form, Fig. 5, the free end of the leaf spring 8 acting on the bevel gear 5 is slotted to receive a screw 17 in a strap 18 pivoted to a crank arm 26 on a shaft 23 which is secured to a two-armed lever 21 operated by a cam 25 on the binder shaft 24. The lower end of the lever operates the binding needle 16. The spring 8 is normally stressed by the head of the screw, but during the knotting operation the cam 25 rocks the shaft 23 to raise the screw to the dotted-line position, whereby the stress in the spring is reduced to a value determined by a relatively light spring 14 arranged similarly to the spring 10 in Fig. 1.
Patent GB-1304192-A (GB)
IPC: F21V21/02
Filed: 1970-04-28
Abstract: 1304192 Lighting fittings NOVELECTRIC AG 28 April 1970 [28 April 1969] 20406/70 Heading F4R [Also in Division E2]  A device for releasably fastening a channelshaped section 1, having inwardly-directed flanges 3, to a channel-shaped section 5, having inwardly-directed flanges 7, so that their longitudinal openings are adjacent each other, comprises a U-shaped member 12. The latter is made of synthetic plastics material and is provided with resilient extensions 19. Each leg of the member 12 is provided with adjacent arms 14, 13, 14, the centre arm 13 having a hookshaped projection 15 for engagement with a flange 7 of the section 5 and having a projection 16 which is received in an aperture 9 formed in the section 1, and the arms 14 each having a projection 17 for engagement with a flange 3 of the section 1. In the fastening of a section 1, carrying a strip light 10 for example, to a ceiling rail 5, the member 12 is first connected to the section 1, the resilient extensions 19 urging the projections 17 against the flanges 3. The section 1 is then forced into the position shown in Fig. 1, the arms 13 having been displaced inwardly to allow the projections 15 to pass over the flanges 7 of the rail 5, the arms then springing back and the projections 15 hooking on to the flanges 7, the aligning of the section 1 with the rail 5 being facilitated by guides 18 on the arms 14. When the section 1 is to be released from the rail 5, the projections 16 are urged manually to move the arms 13 towards each other and to cause the projections 15 to unhook from the flanges 7. In a modification a U-shaped member 22, Fig. 3, is made of steel, for example, and is provided with arms 24, 23, 24. Each centre arm 23 is linked at 28 to a member 31, is provided with a flange 25 and a release-operating member 26, and is urged by a spring 30. Each arm 24 is connected to the member 31 and is provided with a flange 27. A spring 29 is connected to the member 31. In a further modification the arms 23 are integral with the member 31, the arms 24 are each provided with a guide portion (not shown), and the spring 30 is replaced by a spiral spring (not shown).
Patent GB-499343-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the electro deposition of metals
IPC: C25D3/02
Filed: 1937-07-23
Abstract: Derivatives of polyvinyl alcohol which are mentioned include partial acetals, formed by reaction of aldehydes such as formaldehyde or acetaldehyde with polyvinyl alcohol, partial ethers, formed by etherifying polyvinyl alcohol with an alcohol such as glycerine or methanol, a sulphuric acid ester formed by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with chlorsulphonic acid in chloroform, and a boric acid ester, formed by adding a 1 per cent aqueous borax solution to a 2 per cent polyvinyl alcohol solution.
Patent GB-1112013-A (GB)
Title: Third-electrode rechargeable alkaline battery cells and associated battery circuits
IPC: H01M10/42
Filed: 1965-05-14
Abstract: 1,112,013. Batteries. SONOTONE CORPORATION. 14 May, 1965 [8 June, 1964], No. 20519/65. Heading H1B. [Also in Division H2] In a cell which is subject to charging with reversed polarity by passage of discharge current from other serially connected cells after its main positive electrode is fully discharged, and in which the main negative electrode has a greater capacity than the main positive electrode, an additional auxiliary positive electrode is included which exhibits a substantial rise of voltage relative to the main positive electrode when the main positive electrode is fully discharged, and this voltage rise is utilized to control the flow of discharge current through the serially connected cells, i.e. to prevent reverse charging of the main battery cells when at least some are near the discharged state (see Division H2). The sealed rechargeable cells are nickelcadmium or nickel-iron cells, and comprise sintered plate electrodes (Fig. 1, not shown), or spirally wound electrodes (Fig. 3, not shown). Alternatively the cells may be vented (Fig. 4, not shown).
Patent GB-747267-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to apparatus capable of use for the study of rheological phenomena
Inventor: ROBERTS JOHN EDWARD
IPC: G01N11/14
Filed: 1953-07-24
Abstract: 747,267. Apparatus for studying rheological phenomena. MINISTER OF SUPPLY and WEISSENBERG, K. July 21, 1954 [July 24, 1953], No. 20583/53. Class 106 (2). An apparatus for studying rheological properties of liquids, semi-liquids, plastic and resilient materials comprises two boundary members between which the material under investigation is placed, one member being torsionally held and the other being given rotational and/or reciprocating movements, the toique on one member, the thrust on the other member and the pressure distribution through out the material being measured. An upper membei 1 is held by a wire &c. 4 while a lower member 2 is connected by a diaphragm 16 to a driven shaft 7 and has a stem 6 supported by a spring 12. The diaphragm 16 allows unhindered vertical movement of the member 2 while transmitting the drive. The shaft 7 is diiven by a worm 14 rotated by a motor 17 through gears 14c, 17a and its shaft 14a may be reciprocated axially by a cam 18a to impose a reciprocating motion on the shaft 7. Measurements are taken on a cathode-ray oscillograph O, a gauge 20 measuring the thrust on the member 2, a gauge C giving torque and a micro-switch S providing a time-base M. The member 1 may carry series of capillary or other gauges to give conditions in the material and means may be provided for measuring its radial thrust at various radii.
Patent GB-752971-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to control systems responsive to x-ray emission
IPC: H05G1/44
Filed: 1954-07-14
Abstract: 752,971. Controlling X-ray dosage. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. July 14, 1954 [July 14, 1953], No. 20602/54. Class 40 (3). In a system for controlling X-ray dosage, means are provided for compensating for the operating time of the relay that terminates the exposure. As shown, the energization of relay 55 by starting button 59 is followed by that of relay 31 which energizes the X-ray tube 11. The rays after traversing the test or treated body 33 act on a fluorescent screen influencing a photo-cell or on a mercury sulphide or cadmium sulphide or selenide cell responsive directly to X-rays, either type of cell controlling the charging rate of a capacitor 52 which determines the instant of operation of a thyratron 45 the anode relay 48 of which releases 31 to extinguish the X-ray tube. Since a given relayoperating time represents different voltage changes according to the condenser charging rate, it is necessary to charge the condenser under the joint control of the X-ray-sensitive device and of an increasingly negative bias voltage. In the case assumed, the emission of X-rays is intermittent, and in consequence the charging current also is intermittent and the bias voltage must change intermittently. The X-ray-sensitive device 38 may be a photoelectric tube of the electron multiplier type with its end dynode connected to the grid 46 of thyratron 43 and to the capacitor 62 and its anode coupled to the input circuit of an amplifier V1 ... V4 the last valve of which acts as a switch and is conductive during each X-ray pulse and non-conductive in the intervals. As a result the charge on capacitor 52 depends jointly on the initial charge due to its connection to the point 75 before the operation of the start relay, on the number of positive pulses received from the photo-multiplier 38 and on an intermittently exponentially varying bias obtained by charging capacitor 60 via the switching tube V4. The possibility is mentioned of applying the exponentially-varying bias to the second grid of the thyratron 43.
Patent GB-943374-A (GB)
Title: A process for preparing unsaturated nitriles
IPC: B01J27/185
Filed: 1962-05-29
Abstract: Unsaturated nitriles are produced in the gaseous phase at elevated temperature by reacting an olefine with oxygen and ammonia in the presence of a catalyst which contains iron in chemical combination with phosphorus and oxygen. The catalyst may consist essentially of iron phosphate or may contain between 0.25 and 2.5 atoms per atom of iron, of one or more of copper, silver, gold, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, polonium or tin, as promotor(s) or modifying agent(s).  The catalyst may be supported on a carrier and may be in the form of a fluidised bed. The contact time may be from 0.05 to 10 seconds and the temperature 350 DEG  to 550 DEG C. The molar ratio of ammonia to olefin is 0.5:1 to 2:1 and of oxygen to olefin is 0.5:1 to 3:1.  Water may be incorporated in the feed in a molar ratio to olefin of 1:1 to 5:1. Specified products include acrylonitrile, from propylene, and methacrylonitrile from isobutylene. Specifications 867,438, 874,593, U.S.A.  Specification 2,481,826 and French Specification 1,098,400 are referred to.ALSO:A catalyst used for preparing nitriles comprises iron in chemical combination with phosphorus and oxygen which may be promoted with one or more of the elements copper, silver, gold, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, polonium, or tin in amounts between 0,25 and 2,5 atoms per iron atom.  The catalyst may be supported by A12O3, SiO2 or mixtures thereof and used as a fluidized bed. Specifications 867,438, 874,593, U.S.A.  Specification 2,481,826, and French Specification 1,098,400 are referred to.
Patent GB-1155889-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Self-Locking Differential Gears More Particularly For Automobiles
IPC: F16H48/20
Filed: 1967-05-04
Abstract: 1,155,889. Differential gear. DAIMLERBENZ A.G. 4 May, 1967 [5 May, 1966], No. 20730/67. Heading F2D. A motor-vehicle limited-slip bevel-type differential gear is locked by torque-responsive multidisc clutch packs 22, or core clutches (30), Fig. 1 (not shown) biased into engagement by plate springs 28 whenever the output torque on one or other output shaft 19 vanishes, e.g. when one wheel loses traction. As shown, interleaved clutch discs drivingly connect the differential casing 11 to extended hubs 23 of side wheels 15, 16 which are themselves connected through inclined camming surfaces 20 to flanged hubs 17, 18 splined to the output shafts 19, the plate springs 28 acting, on the clutch packs 22 through the side wheels 15, 16. During normal drive, an axial thrust is generated at the cam surfaces 20 which acts through the side wheels 15, 16 to overcome the spring bias, releasing the clutches to permit unrestricted differential action. If either driven wheel loses traction, the driving torque and hence reaction thrust at the cam surfaces 20 is reduced permitting the plate springs 28 to re-engage the clutch packs to lock the differential gear. The cam surfaces 20 may as shown be continuous sinusoidal meshing surfaces between the side wheels 15, 16 and flanged hubs 17, 18 or alternatively in Fig. 1 (not shown) may be balls (27) mounted in uniformly distributed pockets (26) therebetween, the side wheels in this embodiment having cored surfaces (31) biased into engagement with the differential casing at (32) by the plate springs 28 supported by thrust bearings 29 on the planet pinion spider 13, the flanged hubs 17, 18, splined to the output shafts 19, being supported in the casing 11 by thrust bearings 25 as in the arrangement of Fig. 2.
Patent GB-1135545-A (GB)
Title: Disproportionation of toluene
IPC: C07C6/12
Filed: 1967-05-04
Abstract: 1,135,545. Disproportionating toluene. TOYO RAYON K.K. 4 May, 1967 [4 May, 1966; 28 Oct., 1966; 30 Dec., 1966], No. 20732/67. Heading C5E. Toluene is disproportionated in the vapour phase at 400-600 C. with a catalyst containing AlF 3  and Al 2 O 3  to give a mixture of benzene and xylenes. The catalyst may be obtained by calcining at 400-600 C. a mixture of finely divided AlF 3  and finely divided alumina; preferably in amounts 5-40% and 95-60% by wt. respectively. The AlF 3  is preferably form II or III which has not been heated above 700 C. Other components such as silica, thoria, and titania, may also be present. The toluene may be diluted with a carrier gas, such as H 2 , N 2  or lower hydrocarbons. The reaction may be carried out at a pressure of from atmospheric to 200 atmospheres and a WHSV of 0À1 to 20.