Patent GB-190021072-A (GB)
Filed: 1900-11-21
Granted: 1901-09-23
Abstract: 21,072. Raabe, F. V. M. Nov. 21. Processes; openers etc.; carding-engines; sliverrubbing apparatus; rollers and roller heads; spindle apparatus; ring and traveller frames; twist tubes and like twisters; lubricating fibres; yarns and threads.-Relates to the manufacture of a new tow yarn from hard or softwaste, such as noils, card waste. and wet spinning waste. Soft waste is opened and cleaned in a suitable opening and teazing machine, while hard waste is passed through the machine shown in Fig. 1, in which the material is held by a pair of rollers e, e<2> between a pair of steel blades d and subjected to the tearing action of a rapidly-revolving drum a, provided with steel pins, the opened material being projected beyond an adjustable board h, while the incompletely-treated material is caught by an apron f<1> and conducted to the upper part of the apron f, by which it is fed along with new material again into the machine. The material is then treated with from 10 to 14 per cent. of its weight of a binding-agent, consisting of an emulsion prepared by agitating a vegetable oil, or a mixture of vegetable oils, such as olives, rape, and castor oil, &c., either alone or mixed with a small proportion of olein, with a solution of an alkali, or with a decoction of Irish or Iceland moss and an alkali. The material is then passed through a carding-engine consisting of two portions, each provided with two swifts and connected together by a Scotch feeding-apparatus. The first portion h is slightly narrower than the other, and is fed by means of an opening-apparatus similar to a Garnett machine. Both portions have their upper parts fitted with covers, and are provided with stuffed card clothing of suitable fineness. From the second portion of the carding-engine the fleece passes to a condensing-apparatus, Figs. 5 and 6. The fleece is divided into ribbons by means of a number of metal blades 16, which cross one another and pass between the aprons 17. The blades may be carried by rocking shafts, and pressed against the aprons 17 by rollers 20. Beyond the rollers 20 the slivers pass between the aprons 17 and the rubbing-leathers 21, which are given a short and quick stroke. The leather 21 may extend beyond the apron 17, and a second rubbing-leather arranged to engage with the projecting portion of the leather 21. Additional sets of rubbing-leathers may also be used. From the rubbing-leathers the slivers are conducted to the receiving-bobbins, and wound in the manner shown. For the purpose of more effectually separating the slivers which have been divided by the blades 16, a slowly-revolving roller may be arranged on the delivery side of the aprons 17, the bearings of the roller being mounted in slides, so that, by means of screws &c., it may be readily placed in position and withdrawn ; it is also reciprocated endwise. Condensing-apparatus similar to that described in Specification No. 12,678, A.D. 1891, may be employed, in which the fleece is divided by means of leather tapes passing crosswise over grooved cylinders, the more perfect division of the web being effected by means of two rollers having annular projections which correspond in position with the grooves on the tape cylinders. The condenser bobbins are then placed in a spinning-machine, and the rovings therefrom are passed through two pairs of rollers to the spinning-spindles. Before reaching the second pair of rollers, each end passes through a twist tube 56, Fig. 15, which is notched at the entering end 57, is provided with a screw-shaped extension 58 at the delivery end, and is mounted in the frame in the manner shown. In order readily to stop the rotation of the tube for the purpose of piercing a broken end &c., the front of the frame is provided with a spring blade 72 carrying a brake block 73, and also with a longitudinal bar 76. When it is desired to piece a broken end, the top roller is removed from its bearings, and placed on the bar 76 in the manner shown, when the pressure of the roller on the blade 72 forces the brake block 73 against the wharve of the twist tube, and stops its rotation. The threads are conducted in a vertical line from the delivery rollers to the traveller 66, which is of the form shown in Fig. 17, and is held between the upper and lower portions 62, 64 of the ring, of which the lower portion 62 is fixed in the rail and the upper one is held in position by catches. The yarn is wound in cop form on a paper tube 59.