baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2003166501-A (JP)
Title: Compression force control method of press
Inventor: URANO SEIJI
IPC: B30B15/22
Filed: 2001-11-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems in the controllability and cost in the control method of the compression force using a conventional electromagnetic relief valve.  <P>SOLUTION: A large diameter chamber of a pressure reducing cylinder is set to communicate with a pressurized chamber of a hydraulic cylinder to control the compression force in a lower hydraulic pressure than the pump pressure, and improve the controllability and accuracy in the low pressure zone. Further, the pressure is reduced by the pressure reducing cylinder and either a control mode 1 controlling the compression force by a lower hydraulic pressure than the pump pressure or a control mode 2 controlling the compression force not by the pressure reducing cylinder but by the same pressure with the pump pressure is alternatively chosen to secure a wide compression force control range.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003166330-A (JP)
Title: Top plate for floor-board supporter
Inventor: IWAKABE HAJIME
IPC: E04F15/024
Filed: 2001-11-29
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a top plate for a floor-board supporter, which is erected from a concrete floor face and used for supporting a beam, on which a floor board is placed, in which a biassed collision is not generated in a square-shaped base colliding with the beam and supporting the beam and which can support the floor board stably.  <P>SOLUTION: A pedestal 10 is installed at the upper end of a plate holder 2 expanded and contacted to the support base 1, a curved bearing surface 12 is formed to the pedestal 10 and the top plate can be made affinitive onto the underside of the beam and can be inclined by forming a curved shaft surface 14 on the lower side of the top plate 6 and placing the top plate on the bearing surface 12 and supporting the top plate.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003165158-A (JP)
Title: Pipe lining work method
Inventor: KAMIYAMA TAKAO
IPC: B29L23/00
Filed: 2001-11-29
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pipe lining work method by which a hermetically closed container is made compact and lightweight and thereby, facilitating the conveyance of hardware including the container to an installation site and the operating efficiency can be increased by simplifying the handling of hardware at the installation site.  <P>SOLUTION: This pipe lining technique serves to use/install the pipe lining material 17 obtained by impregnating a tubular resin adsorptive material which has an outer surface airtightly coated with a plastic film, with an uncured liquid curable resin. In addition, the tubular lining material 17 is flattened and arranged in the airtight container 1 in such a state that the material 17 is folded and stacked. Further, one end of the material 17 is folded to the outside and fitted to the outer periphery of an open end of a reversed nozzle 10 connected to the airtight container 1 and the material 17 is reversely inserted into a tubular path 31 by making a fluid pressure (a water pressure) act on the interior of the airtight container 1. Finally the curable resin with which the material 17 is impregnated, is cured in such a state that the material 17 is pressed to the interior of the tubular path 31.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003169312-A (JP)
Title: Electronic program table supply system, electronic program table supply method, program thereof, and record medium recording the program
Inventor: SHIINA TOSHIO
IPC: H04N7/173
Filed: 2001-11-30
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide environment for easily performing the management, utilization, and the like of image contents such as a TV program.  <P>SOLUTION: When an electronic program table that is created based on the broadcasting schedule of a program is to be provided to the terminal of a user side 200 via a specific network, a digest image that is created by connecting moving picture clips being extracted from the image contents based on a specific keyword is included in the electronic program table. A user acquires the details of the image contents based on the digest image and selects a program. Additionally, in the provided electronic program table, a function is provided for reserving the reproduction and recording of the selected image contents.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003173631-A (JP)
Title: Apparatus and method for digital modulation
Inventor: NAGANO HIROBUMI
IPC: H03M7/14
Filed: 2001-12-07
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To select an algorithm A or an algorithm B prepared for the purpose of controlling DSV in the case of controlling DSV of a code word string.  <P>SOLUTION: When p-bit input data words Ds is converted to at least one code word Cd consisting of q-bits (q>p) by using a plurality of coding tables and the at least one code word is connected with a code word string coded before this in the state of meeting a run-length-limiting rule to generate at least one code word string, in the case of selecting a code word minimizing the absolute value of DSV to the at least one code word string by a DSV control part 19, the algorithm A and the algorithm B are prepared for the purpose of controlling DSV in the DSV control part and an algorithm selection signal As or Bs are inputted from outside and/or a peripheral circuit to a DSV control part to select a desired one of the algorithms A and B with the algorithm selection signal.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003178470-A (JP)
Title: Disk device
Inventor: OKAJIMA TADASHI
IPC: G11B11/105
Filed: 2001-12-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce operating time of recording or reproducing operation.  <P>SOLUTION: In a disk device irradiating a recording surface of a disk recording medium with laser beams by an optical pickup, when the time (access time) required for the seek is shorter than the time (changing time) required for the change of the number of rotation, the retry is prevented from being caused by delaying the seek by |access time - changing time| without simultaneously performing the change of the number of rotation and the seek, and performing the recording or reproducing operation after the change of the number of rotation is completed.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2002227811-A (JP)
Title: Structure part connecting device
Inventor: SCHWARZBICH JOERG
IPC: F16B5/02
Filed: 2001-12-12
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a connection device for connecting a spacer to a base part without missing. SOLUTION: This device connecting two structure parts 10 and 12 to each other comprises the base part 16 disposed on one structure part 10, the spacer 18 having a screw part threaded with the base part and having one end supported on the other structure part 12, and a connection screw 20 inserted into the spacer by frictional engagement. A shoulder is formed with one end of the screwed part of the spacer 18, receiving parts 38 and 54 engaged with each other through the shoulder 34 are formed in the base part, and the receiving parts 38 and 54 are disposed so that the screw movement of the spacer 18 in one direction relative to the base part 16 is effectively limited by the engagement thereof with the shoulder 34 only after the base part is assembled with the spacer.
Patent JP-2003179003-A (JP)
Title: Vacuum-suction type expander and method for fixing expanded film sheet
Inventor: KODAMA HIROSHI
IPC: H01L21/67
Filed: 2001-12-12
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum-suction type expander for expanding a film sheet, simple in structure and easy to operate, and to provide a method for fixing the expanded sheet by use of the expander.  <P>SOLUTION: A wafer ring 10 is arranged on a circular cylinder opening 1b for bringing a film sheet 10a into close contact with sealing members 1d for the formation of a closed space, and the closed space is evacuated through a suction port 1e. The film sheet 10a is expanded while being sucked into a bottom-provided cylinder 1a, and wafers 10b diced in advance and on the film sheet 10a are moved for separation into chips.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003178304-A (JP)
Title: Face image retrieving device, face image retrieving method and program for executing method on computer
Inventor: SAKAGUCHI TAKAAKI
IPC: G06T7/00
Filed: 2001-12-12
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a simple composition and a fast process by suppressing vast amounts of calculation in a face image retrieving device retrieving a regis tered face image with the highest correlation to a picked up face image by comparing the picked up face image and registered face images.  <P>SOLUTION: A face area of a person is detected from the picked up face image and facial parts such as eyes and mouth are extracted on the basis of a detection result. A facial characteristic amount is extracted on the basis of an extraction result, and similarity to a registered face image information data base is evaluated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003179153-A (JP)
Title: Semiconductor device
Inventor: SAKAMOTO KAZUHISA
IPC: H01L21/331
Filed: 2001-12-13
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a semiconductor device having a bipolar transistor with a structure capable of regulating a base input signal voltage bringing the transistor forming a conductive diffusion region that is different from a base region at the contact part of a base electrode to ON-state and controlling a base current in the case when this is a digital transistor.  <P>SOLUTION: A p-type base region 12 is provided with a base electrode connection part 24 made of an n<SP>+</SP>-type region, and moreover a Zener voltage controlled diffusion region 25 made of a p<SP>+</SP>-type region is provided in the circumference of the base electrode connection part 24 in such a manner as to form p-n junction and cause Zener breakdown at the desired voltage. Furthermore, a resistor 26 made of polysilicon is connected with the base electrode connection part 24 via a metal electrode 16a. As a result, the device has a bipolar transistor having a structure, in which a Zener diode ZD and the resistor 26 are built in the base in series.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2006024970-A (JP)
Title: Cellular phone
Inventor: FUTAMATA TOSHIBUMI
IPC: H04M1/72469
Filed: 2001-12-13
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a user to arbitrarily select and set a plurality of functions displayed on a display unit in an initial state in a cellular phone.  <P>SOLUTION: A memory 11 is provided which arbitrarily selects a plurality of functions displayed on the display unit 2 in an initial state from many functions by the operation of an operating unit 10, and stores the selected functions. The plurality of functions stored in the memory 11 are displayed on the display unit 2 in the initial state, and one function is selected from among the plurality of displayed functions and the selected function is operated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2003187774-A (JP)
Title: Safety valve of battery
Inventor: MARUBAYASHI HIRONORI
IPC: H01M2/12
Filed: 2001-12-20
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safety valve for a battery which quickly operates when the pressure inside the battery rises, quickly exhausts the gas inside the battery when the pressure rises, and does not operate if affected by an impact of dropping, etc.  <P>SOLUTION: The safety valve of a battery releases the gas in the battery to the outside by releasing a valve body when the pressure in the battery becomes a prescribed value or higher. The valve body is provided with an annular crush groove 4 which releases the valve body, and a crush assisting groove 1 provided in the region inside the crush groove 4. The crush assisting groove 1 is larger than the crush groove 4 in remaining wall thickness. The both ends of the crush assisting groove 1 are connected to the crush groove 4.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003199336-A (JP)
Title: Power supply and image forming device
Inventor: MOMOSE NORIHIDE
IPC: B41J29/38
Filed: 2001-12-25
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of wasteful power consumption of a power supply, in which only the operation of a switching power supply is stopped in a stand-by mode, but the operation of a measuring unit for measuring a voltage or a current of the power supply is not stopped.  <P>SOLUTION: The primary side of a power supply (A) is connected to a commercial power supply and to a primary side load 1, while the secondary side of the power supply (A) is connected to a secondary side load 2. The power supply (A) includes an SW power supply 3 for converting the power, entering from the primary side and generating the power to the secondary side, a zero- cross detecting circuit 5 for measuring the voltage or the current state of the power entered in the power supply (A), and a control unit 4 for obtaining the measured result from the zero-cross detecting circuit 5 and controlling the SW power supply 3, the primary-side load 1, and the secondary-side load 2.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003198872-A (JP)
Title: Communication apparatus and method, recording medium, and program
Inventor: FUJINAMI YASUSHI
IPC: H04N21/4363
Filed: 2001-12-25
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize an AV network system capable of selecting a source device and a sink device with a sensual operation employing a remote controller.  <P>SOLUTION: In the case that a DVD player 1-1 is selected for the source device and a television receiver 2-1 is selected for the sink device, a user points a remote controller 4 at the DVD player 1-1 and keeps depressing a select button. Then while the user keeps depressing the select button, the user points the remote controller 4 at the television receiver 2-1. Then the user releases the depression of the select button of the remote controller 4 pointed at a television receiver 2-2. According to the sensual operation as above, the DVD player 1-1 is designated as the source device and the television receiver 2-2 is designated as the sink device.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003199264-A (JP)
Title: Power supply change-over mechanism
Inventor: NAKAJIMA YUJI
IPC: H02J9/06
Filed: 2001-12-27
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply change-over mechanism wherein a voltage drop is small and short-circuiting or voltage supply interruption does not occur.  <P>SOLUTION: In a period when a switch S2 is closed and a switch S3 is open, a voltage outputted from a second power source 20 is supplied to a load 30 through the switch S2. Therefore, a voltage drop does not occur. In a period when the switch S2 is open and the switch S3 is closed, a voltage outputted from a first power source 10 is supplied to the load 30 via a buffer amplifier with a gain of 1 composed of a first differential amplifier U1 and a first transistor Q1. Therefore, the voltage drop does not occur. In a period when the switches S2 and S3 are open and switches S1 and S4 are closed, a voltage VS supplied to the load 30 drops by an amount equivalent to a saturation voltage V<SB>sat</SB>between the collector terminal and the emitter terminal of a second transistor Q2, which results in VS=V<SB>0</SB>-V<SB>sat</SB>.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003201493-A (JP)
Title: Combination corrosion-resisting oil and press-working oil composition for galvanized sheet iron
Inventor: FUKUHARA MASAHIKO
IPC: C10N30/12
Filed: 2001-12-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combination corrosion-resisting oil and press-working oil composition for galvanized sheet iron, having excellent lubricity, corrosion resistance, and detergency.  <P>SOLUTION: This combination corrosion-resisting oil and press-working oil composition for the galvanized sheet iron contains an un-neutralized oil- soluble amine in a mineral oil as a base oil. The composition preferably contains oleylamine as the amine in an amount of 5 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition, and more preferably contains barium sulfonate and a sulfide ester of which the each is a sulfur compound in amounts of 5 wt.%, respectively. The combination corrosion-resisting oil and press-working oil composition for the galvanized sheet iron thus compounded has the corrosion resistance more excellent when compared with those of conventional compositions and is improved in the lubricity. Further, the composition is improved in the detergency, by using a low-viscosity mineral oil as the base oil. Therefore, the composition is suitably used in working the galvanized sheet iron for which excellent workability is required and applicable to high strength steel.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003199820-A (JP)
Title: Dialyzing equipment and priming, fluid replacing and blood recovering method therefor
Inventor: IWABORI TADASHI
IPC: A61M1/14
Filed: 2001-12-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide dialyzing equipment capable of performing priming, fluid replacement or the recovery of blood by a dialyzing fluid without adding a separate pump and capable of performing fluid replacement or the recovery of blood excellent in quantitative properties, and a priming, fluid replacing and blood recovering method therefor.  <P>SOLUTION: In the priming, fluid replacing and blood recovering method for the dialyzing equipment having a dialyzer 2, a blood circuit 1 equipped with a blood pump 3, a reciprocating pump 6 having a dialyzing fluid introducing line L1, a dialyzing fluid discharge line L2 and the single plunger 7 arranged so as to straddle the dialyzing fluid introducing line L1 and the dialyzing fluid discharge line L2 and allowing the dialyzing fluid in the dialyzing fluid introducing line L1 and the dialyzing fluid discharge line L2 to flow by the reciprocating operation of the plunger 7 and a cut-off valve 9 for cutting off the flow of the dialyzing fluid in the dialyzing fluid discharge line L2, the reciprocating pump 6 is driven in such a state that the cut-off valve 9 is closed and the dialyzing fluid is fed to the dialyzer 2 under pressure to perform priming, fluid replacement or the recovery of blood.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003180281-A (JP)
Title: Additive-free solid food regenerating food processing residue
Inventor: TOYAMA KEIICHI
IPC: A23L11/00
Filed: 2001-12-21
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that since soybean curd refuse having poor binding property starts deterioration in a short time, there is no method except drying in a powdery state or boiling with seasoning.  <P>SOLUTION: This safe solid food is obtained by forming untreated soybean curd refuse without a binder and subjecting the formed soybean curd refuse to high-temperature sterilization treatment by a multistage hot-air drier.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003502633-A (JP)
IPC: C12Q1/6825
Filed: 2000-06-10
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for identifying a first polymer ( 4, 7 ) which is bonded to a first phase ( 5 ) that reflects electromagnetic waves. Said method comprises the following steps: (a) bringing the first polymer ( 4, 7 ) into contact with a second polymer ( 3, 8 ), which is bonded to a solid second phase ( 1 ) by metallic clusters ( 2 ), said second phase being permeable to electromagnetic waves; (b) irradiating the second phase ( 1 ) with electromagnetic waves; and (c) determining the change in the properties of the reflected electromagnetic waves.
Patent JP-2003502420-A (JP)
Title: 新たな薬学的に活性な化合物
IPC: A61P35/00
Filed: 2000-06-22
Abstract: (57)【要約】
本発明は、式（Ｉ）：
【化１】
 ［式中、Ａr １ またはＡr ２ は、場合により置換されていることのあるインドールであって、他方の基は、場合により置換されていることのある芳香族基またはヘテロ芳香族基、適当には場合により置換されていることのある二環式ヘテロ芳香族基、好ましくは場合により置換されていることのあるインドールであり；Ｘは、ＯまたはＳであり；Ｒは、Ｈ、ＯＨ、ＮＨ ２ 、Ｃ １−６ アルキル、ヒドロキシＣ １−６ アルキルまたはアミノＣ １−６ アルキルであり；そしてＲ１は、Ｈ、Ｃ     １−６ アルキル、フルオロ置換Ｃ １−６ アルキル、フェニル、ベンジル、カルボＣ １−６ アルコキシ、カルボベンジルオキシ、カルボヒドロキシ、カルバモイルまたはメチル(Ｎ−Ｃ １−６ アルキルカルバモイル)である。］の化合物、並びにその塩および溶媒和物、並びにそのような塩の溶媒和物、並びに医薬療法におけるそのような化合物の用途に関する。
Patent JP-2003502666-A (JP)
IPC: G01N27/64
Filed: 2000-06-21
Abstract: An ion mobility spectrometer system comprising: an ion mobility detector; a gas/vapor circulating system for the ion mobility detector into which samples of gases and vapors of interest may be drawn for detection by the ion mobility spectrometer; the circulating system comprising an ion mobility cell, means for drying and/or cleaning the circulating gases/vapors in the circulating system, a dopant source, and means for causing circulation of the gases/vapors within the circulating system; in which the dopant source and the means for drying and/or cleaning the circulating gases/vapors are combined, whereby the need for a physically separate dopant source for the system is obviated. The dopant source material may be combined with the material for drying and or cleaning the circulating gases/vapors.
Patent JP-2003503852-A (JP)
Title: 構造部材およびその製造方法
IPC: H01L21/60
Filed: 2000-06-22
Abstract: (57)【要約】
基板（１）が主に銅からなる層（２）を備える。接着および金属間化合によって銅層（２）と接続される導線（３）が設けられる。その際、主に銅からなる層（２）上に布設された硬質層（５）が接着領域において破られる。少なくとも８０℃の温度で安定している硬質層はこの温度で酸素拡散バリアとして作用し、標準環境でアルミニウム上に形成される酸化アルミニウム層に近い働きをする。
Patent JP-2003503299-A (JP)
IPC: C01F7/144
Filed: 2000-06-27
Abstract: Gibbsite type aluminium hydroxides are obtained by seeding a Bayer liquor with bayerite crystals. The gibbsite type aluminium hydroxide show excellent properties as fire retardant fillers in synthetic resins.
Patent JP-2003505622-A (JP)
Title: 繊維により補強した木製レールを含む道路用ガードレール
IPC: E01F15/04
Filed: 2000-07-21
Abstract: (57)【要約】
本発明は、突き合わせ結合されたレールを含み、このレールを間隔を開けて地面に打ち込んだ杭に固定する道路用ガードレールまたは同等物に関する。本発明によれば、ガードレールの少なくとも一つのレール（１０）が木製であり、その断面の少なくとも背面部分に固定されて、ほぼ全長に沿って延びる合成繊維（１２）を含む。本発明は、道路設備に適用される。
Patent JP-2003507371-A (JP)
Title: ピリミジン−２，４，６−トリオンメタロプロテイナーゼ阻害剤
IPC: C07D239/62
Filed: 2000-08-03
Abstract: (57)【要約】
本発明は、式(I)
【化１】
 (式中、X、Y、Ar 1 、Z、R 1 、R 2 、およびR 3 は、本明細書中にて定義した通りである)で示されるピリミジン-2,4,6-トリオンメタロプロテイナーゼ阻害剤、ならびに炎症、癌、および他の障害を処置するための医薬用組成物と方法に関する。
Patent JP-2003527574-A (JP)
IPC: C12Q1/6825
Filed: 2000-08-12
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting and quantifying first biopolymers (1) that are located in a liquid. Second biopolymers (2) having a specific affinity towards the first biopolymers (1) to be detected are bound to the surface of a first electrode (E1). The first and at least one second electrode are dipped into the liquid. The inventive method comprises the following steps: a) applying a changeable voltage and/or a changeable current over the first (E1) and second electrode (E2) and b) measuring the direct change of voltage and/or current, whereby said change is the result of the accumulation of the first biomolecules (1) to the second biomolecules (2).
Patent JP-2003508532-A (JP)
Title: ナフチリジン−３−カルボン酸誘導体の製造法
IPC: C07B43/04
Filed: 2000-09-01
Abstract: (57)【要約】
本発明は、抗菌活性を有するキノリンカルボン酸誘導体の製造法に関する。
Patent JP-2003510632-A (JP)
Title: 光ファイバーケーブル用コンジットインサート
IPC: H02G9/06
Filed: 2000-09-19
Abstract: (57)【要約】
可撓性の内管構造体（１０）が、コンジット内でケーブルを収容するように構成される。内管構造体は、可撓性材料から成る、対の隣接するストリップ形状のレイヤ（２０、２２）であって、その長手方向の縁部（２４）に沿って接合されて、ケーブルがレイヤ間で内管構造体を通って長手方向に延在するチャンネルを規定するレイヤを含む。隣接するレイヤは、その長手方向の縁部間の幅が異なり、よって、より幅の広いレイヤがより幅の狭いレイヤから離れて隆起して、チャンネルに開口構造を与える。内管構造体の他の特徴は、それを構成する材料に関する。このような特徴は、例えば織物構造などの材料の構造を包含し、また、例えば融点、引張強度、伸び、摩擦係数、曲げ耐性および圧縮回復性などの特性を更に包含する。
Patent JP-2003511106-A (JP)
Title: 使い切り注入装置
IPC: A61M5/31
Filed: 2000-09-15
Abstract: (57)【要約】
本発明は、保護キャップ（３）によって保護される注射針（２）を支えるフロントノーズ（１ａ）を備える事前充填注射器（１）と、前記注射器を収納する注射器本体（７）とを含む、使い切り注入装置に関するものである。本発明によると、この注入装置は、半径方向に伸張可能な脚を少なくとも２つ含む、グリップ式止め栓と呼ばれる止め栓（３２）を含み、該脚は、保護キャップ（３）に被さるように適合され、また前記キャップの内部把持グリップを少なくとも一つ備えている。さらに、注射器本体（７）は、分割可能な前部円筒部分（８ｂ）を含み、それは、縁取りされた領域（１４）によって画定され、また、グリップ式止め栓（３２）の脚を強く締めるように適合されたカラー（５０）を含み、該脚が保護キャップ（３）を確実に把持するようになっており、前記分割可能な円筒部分（８ｂ）とグリップ式止め栓（３２）は、それらを平行運動および回転において相対的に停止させる共役れ手段を備える。