baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1145121-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to transistors
Inventor: LAMMING JACK STEWART
IPC: H01L29/73
Filed: 1965-07-30
Abstract: 1,145,121. Transistors. ASSOCIATED SEMI-CONDUCTOR MFRS. Ltd. 6 May, 1966 [30 July, 1965], No. 32843/65. Heading H1K. A transistor is produced by first diffusing an impurity of one conductivity type into a semi-conductor body of the one type to form the emitter zone and then diffusing a fast diffusing impurity of the opposite type into and around the first diffused zone, to form the base region. The first impurity retards the diffusion of the second, so that part of the base zone lying beneath the emitter is thinner and nearer the surface than the remainder of the base zone. Photo-resist deposition, etching and diffusion techniques are described in detail to produce a transistor as shown in Fig. 18, in which a 10Á thick N-type silicon layer (2 x 10<SP>15</SP> phosphorous atoms per c.c.) is epitaxially grown on an N+ silicon substrate (3 x 10<SP>18</SP> phosphorous atoms per c.c.). Arsenic is diffused in 4 minutes at 1280 C. to form an N+ region (10<SP>20</SP> atoms per c.o.) in the N layer and then boron is diffused over and around the N+ zone to form a P-type region with surface concentration of 10<SP>18</SP> atoms per c.c., diffusion through the N+ region is retarded so that the P-type base layer is thinner and nearer the surface in this region. Aluminium is then evaporated on with masking and etching techniques to form emitter contact 24 and annular base contact 23; a layer 16 of silicon oxide remains overlying the emitter base and base-collector junctions. Wires are thermo-compression bonded to portions 23 and 24. The semi-conductor material may consist of silicon, germanium or gallium arsenide and the impurities of arsenic, antimony, phosphorous with gallium, boron, indium and aluminium. Etchants and similar liquids used in the embodiments include hydrogen peroxide and sulphuric acid, hydrogen fluoride and ammonium fluoride, potassium hydroxide, orthophosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid and acetone. In the resulting transistor, power gain falls off with increase in emitter current so that it is suitable for automatic gain circuits. A planar transistor and a mesa transistor construction are described and the processes involve diffusing one impurity through an aperture in an oxide layer and the other over the whole area including through the oxide layer (by using penetrating impurity); in other examples the second diffusion is through a longer aperture in the oxide mask; in others, the whole of the oxide mask is removed before the second diffusion.
Patent GB-1418562-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of stabilized sodium percarbonate
IPC: C01B15/10
Filed: 1973-07-10
Abstract: 1418562 Stabilized sodium percarbonate HOECHST AG 10 July 1973 [12 July 1972] 32854/73 Heading C1A A process for the preparation of stabilized sodium percarbonate comprises dissolving substantially anhydrous sodium carbonate in the presence of one or more stabilizers, in from 6-15 times the molar quantity of water, separating the resulting insoluble impurities from the solution while the solution is hot, allowing Na 2 CO 3  to crystallize from the solution and reacting the crystalline stabilizer containing hydrated Na 2 CO 3  with H 2 O 2 . As the dissolution of anhydrous Na 2 CO 3  in water is exothermic it is preferred to use this heat to raise the temperature of the solution prior to filtration to at least 50‹ C., the preferred stabilizers are those compounds which form insoluble compounds with ions which disturb the reaction (viz Fe, Cu and other heavy metal cations). Suitable stabilizers are soluble silicates, silica sols, soluble Mg and Sn salts in amounts ranging from 0À5-6% by wt. on the Na 2 CO 3 . It is advantageous to react the crystalline stabilized hydrated Na 2 CO 3 , prior to reaction with H 2 O 2 , first with the cold filtrate from the final process step of a previous reaction. Additional stabilizers in the form of up to 3% by wt. of pyrophosphates, nitrilotriacetic acid or ethylenediaminetetra-acetic or their sodium salts may be added during the final reaction with H 2 O 2  which yields sodium percarbonate (Na 2 - CO 3 l¢H 2 O 2 ).
Patent GB-990231-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in thread treating machines
Inventor: BARKER SYDNEY WARREN
IPC: D06B23/02
Filed: 1960-09-24
Abstract: 990,231. Thread advancing and treatment apparatus. NELVALE Ltd. Sept. 5,1961 [Sept. 24,1960; Feb. 28, 1961; May 5, 1961], Nos. 32903/60, 7214/61 and 16317/61. Headings DID and D1L. A thread advancing and treatment machine comprises at least two main rolls for storing thread in helical loops, and a treatment roll unit including a plurality of spaced rolls or roll sections on a common shaft so located that the circumference of each roll or section engages the thread over a significant arc, means being provided for applying a treatment liquor to the circumferential surface of each spaced roll or section. The unit may be substantially parallel to or skewed relatively to the two main rolls; or if the axis of the two main rolls converge, the unit may be arranged symmetrically between them and within the envelope formed by the thread loops; for each thread the treatment roll may lie outside or within the envelope formed by the thread loops so that the loops engage the upper or lower surfaces of the constituent rolls or sections of the treatment unit and either two or three advancing rolls may be used; when two advancing rolls are used their axes may lie in a horizontal or inclined plane or converge towards the discharge end of the machine, or be oppositely inclined. In Fig. 1, for each thread there are one upper advancing roll 8, two lower rolls 14, 15 of which the axes are in a horizontal plane and a treatment unit consisting of a number of rolls 20a.... 20g on a shaft 18. All the rolls, 8, 14, 15 and shafts 18 are mounted on bearings carried by a framework and are driven through shafts 9,17. With each roll 20a.... 20g is associated a trough containing materials, e.g. for acid treatment, finishing, washing, desulphurizing, colouring, and dyeing, while washing water may be supplied countercurrently to the direction in which the thread travels, and additional washing- water may be fed directly to the circumference of the roll concerned, doctor blades being used. Excess liquid picked up by the thread is thrown off centrifugally, the advancing roll following the treatment roll being made of small diameter so that its surface velocity is relatively high. Spin. nerets and a congulating bath are arranged on the inlet side of the machine, and take-up bobbins on the other. In Fig. 13, the treatment unit 20 is set askew of the rollers 14,15 so that the pitch of the loops over the roll sections is measured or reduced according to the sense on which the shaft 18 is inclined. To enable a starting-band to ride on to the roll units 20, the leading-edge of each is provided with a flange P with an inclined gap 27, or with a loss, or with stepped or tapered ends and the roll units may be conical.
Patent GB-618632-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for heating air or other gaseous fluids
IPC: F28D19/02
Filed: 1946-11-06
Abstract: 618,632. Regenerators, etc. HEAT EXCHANGERS, Ltd., and RUDORFF, D. W. Nov. 6, 1946, No. 32967. [Class 64(i)] [Also in Group II] Apparatus for heating air or other gaseous fluid of the kind in which relatively small heat carrying bodies are subjected alternately to gases of combustion and air or gas to be heated is characterized in that between the outlet 12 for the mobile heat carrying bodies 3 from the space 1 in which they are heated and the inlet 18 for such bodies to the space 2 in which they heat air or other gaseous fluid, there is interposed a dust removal zone 14 in which is located a screen 13 over which said bodies pass in transit through said zone, being subjected during their passage over the screen to a current of heated air or other gaseous fluid to remove dust and carry it through the screen to a dust collector and separator 16. The separator may be of the centrifugal or cyclone type and comprise a dust collecting hopper 160 having an outlet 20 for cleaned air, leading to a casing 21 housing a blower 17, air delivered by the blower re-entering the duct 15 for return to the dust removal zone 14. A rotary air lock 19 may be fitted and may be cooled by a portion of the air to be heated. In another embodiment the heating apparatus takes the form of an endless passage or tunnel formed by restrictions into combustion gas and air heating portions through which the heat carrying bodies are circulated by rotary screws or other impellers, dust removing means in the form of upper and lower screens between which the heat carrying bodies pass, being disposed between the end of the portion in which said bodies are heated by combustion gases and the entrance to the portion in which the bodies give up their heat to the air or gas. The heat carrying bodies may be hollow.
Patent GB-1507902-A (GB)
Title: Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M39/02
Filed: 1975-08-08
Abstract: 1507902 Fuel injection pumps ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 8 Aug 1975 [9 Aug 1974] 33131/75 Heading F1A A fuel injection pump for an I.C. engine is provided with a device 14 for retaining the drive shaft 27 of the pump in a predetermined position during fitting of the pump to the engine, the device 14 comprising a pin 19 urged by a spring 23 into frictional engagement with a member 31rigidly connected to the shaft 27. The member 31 shown is a sheet metal cage for governor fly-weights 28 and has a non-hardened surface 32 at least in the region of the pin 31. In use of the device 14 the shaft 27 is first located in its desired position, e.g. corresponding to the start of delivery, and then a housing 15 containing the pin 19 is screwed into a threaded bore 17 in the pump housing 12 so that the hardened conical tip 21 of the pin engages the member 31. After assembly of the pump to the engine the housing 15 is replaced by a closure screw. The compression of the spring 23 is adjustable by adding or removing washers 25 retained by a ring 26.
Patent GB-1491329-A (GB)
Title: Startable phase-locked loop oscillator
IPC: H03L7/199
Filed: 1975-08-08
Abstract: 1491329 APC systems HEWLETT-PACKARD CO 8 Aug 1975 [14 Nov 1974] 33194/75 Heading H3A A phase locked oscillator with a determinable initial phase which can be maintained indefinitely and suitable for use as a frequency synthesizer comprises a controlled frequency generator 11, a mixer 13 responsive to the generator output f and a reference frequency to produce a beat signal, a divider 21 for dividing the output frequency f of generator 11 as in Fig. 2 or of an auxiliary frequency f 1 , a phase comparator 17, an arrangement 35, 37 for momentarily shutting down and restarting the generator 11, an inhibit and phase shift arrangement 22 (39, 45) for inhibiting the comparator 17 from disturbing the generator 11, adjusting the divider output to match in phase the beat signal and reactivating the comparator. In a preferred arrangement, the divider output and the beat signal are inhibited by 22 from being applied to the comparator. The above inputs to the comparator may be reapplied in response to the first predictable regular transition in the beat signal after restart of 11. On reapplication, as the two input signals to comparator 17 are in phase synchronization, no error signal is applied and apart from minor deviations which are corrected by the loop, the initial phase is preserved.
Patent GB-1185048-A (GB)
Title: Fluid Pressure Control Valve
IPC: H01H35/38
Filed: 1967-07-19
Abstract: 1,185,048. Valves; braking systems. WAGNER ELECTRIC CORP. 19 July, 1967 [21 July, 1966], No. 33204/67. Headings F2E and F2F. [Also in Division H1] A control valve for indicating failure of one half of a fluid-pressure vehicle braking system employing a tandem master cylinder comprises a housing having two ports subjected respectively to the two pressures, means normally centered in the housing but movable to one extreme position or the other in response to a pressure differential between the ports and actuating an electric switch thereby, and a pair of restricted passages between the ports and the opposed portions of the movable means to restrict movement of the means due to pressure surges. In Fig. 1 a brake pedal 12 acts on a tandem hydraulic master cylinder 11 to apply pressure to the front brakes 15 through a chamber 21 and to the rear brakes 16 through a chamber 22. The chambers are connected by a crossbore containing a double piston 67, 68 having enlarged ends 69, 70 which communicate with the chambers 21, 22 via small orifices 87, 88. In normal operation the double piston is held in a central position by springs 83, 85 acting on stop members 80, 81, and by the fluid pressure in the chambers 21, 22. If pressure should fail in one side of the system, the piston is driven to one side or the other so that a spring-loaded member 52 no longer rests on the central portion 76, 77 of the piston but falls into one of two recessed portions 73, 74. A spring-loaded annular contact member 55 then makes electrical contact with the bevelled wall portion 60 which is earthed at 62. Current then flows from the vehicle battery 45 through an indicator lamp 42, terminal 40, spring 58 and contact member 55. The piston remains displaced as long as one side of the hydraulic system is faulty, but the brakes on the other side remain operative. When the fault is cleared, the switch is removed by unscrewing an insulating plug 37 and the piston then returns to its central position. Excess pressures of short duration due to rapid braking do not actuate the piston due to a time lag caused by the springs 83, 85 and the small size of the orifices 87, 88. These orifices could be near the inlets 25, 29 instead of in the stop members 80, 81. In a modification (Fig. 2, not shown) the return to earth is not made through the casing of the apparatus, but the contact member 55 bridges the ends of two members (101, 102) which are insulated from the casing.
Patent GB-366535-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in shaving soap
IPC: C11D3/48
Filed: 1930-11-05
Abstract: <PICT:0366535/III/1> A stick of shaving soap 4 is formed with a core 3 of menthol combined with starch, wax, soap or other carrier. Preferably the core is harder than the soap so that in use it projects and massages the skin.  A suitable core composition is 10 lb. of menthol crystals, 20 lb. of rice starch, and 70 lb. of hard soap. The core may pass from end to end of the stick.  According to the Provisional Specification the stick may consist of a mixture of soap and menthol.
Patent GB-1280358-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for monitoring warp yarns
Inventor: SICK ERWIN
IPC: D04B35/10
Filed: 1969-07-01
Abstract: 1280358 Stop motions E SICK 1 July 1969 [9 July 1968] 33223/69 Headings D1C D1E and D1M A stop motion, particularly for the selvedge threads of a warp knitting machine, comprises yarn supporting bars 11, 12, a grooved guide 17 and yarn droppers 14 having a recess 15 so that they straddle the guide 17 and are located in its grooves 18, A fallen dropper may close electrical contacts or interrupt a light beam to stop the machine. The droppers have pressed out tags 16 which slide over the yarn for threading.
Patent GB-521502-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sound reducing windows, fanlights, roof lights and the like
IPC: E06B7/04
Filed: 1938-11-16
Abstract: 521,502. Windows. VIAZEMSKY, S. V., CONSTANTINOVITCH, PRINCE., and MOWLEM & CO., Ltd., J. Nov. 16, 1938, No. 33313. [Class 20 (iii)] A window, particularly for excluding sound while permitting ventilation, comprises a frame 13 carrying a flap 15 hinged at 21 to the upper part of the frame and a flap 17 hinged at 19 to across rail 14 of the window frame, this arrangement of flaps being repeated to any required degree. horizontally or vertically. The flaps 15 have arms 23, and the flaps 17 have arms 26. the arms 23, 26 being coupled respectively to actuating rods 25, 28. The flaps may be permanently secured in the positions shown or may be closed by raising the flaps 15, swinging the flaps 17 into the vertical plane, and then swinging the flaps 15 downwardly to overlap the flaps 17. The flaps 17 may be inclined inwardly and the flaps 15 outwardly of the window. Side-screens 29 of glass, of triangular shape, are fitted to the frame to engage the side edges of the flaps.
Patent GB-423627-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to aprons for personal wear
IPC: A41D13/04
Filed: 1933-11-29
Abstract: 423,627. Aprons for personal wear. KAYE, J., (trading as KAYE & SON, J.), Kings Mill, Huddersfield. Nov. 29, 1933, No. 33416. [Class 141] An apron has a pair of strings A with enlarged ends C, said strings passing through apertures B in the bib portion, then being crossed behind wearer's back and proceeding to the back corners E of the apron before being tied together at F.
Patent GB-1361453-A (GB)
Title: Control circuit for thyristors
IPC: F02P3/08
Filed: 1971-07-16
Abstract: 1361453 Ignition systems ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 16 July 1971 [17 July 1970] 33417/71 Heading F1B [Also in Division H3] A thyristor 11 in an engine ignition system is triggered via a control circuit by pulses induced in a coil 13 connected in series with a resistor 17, the control circuit including a Schmitt trigger T1, T2 followed by a differentiator 33, 34 which controls a semi-conductor switch T3 in the thyristor gate circuit. The differentiator supplies just enough energy to fire the thyristor. The input pulses are induced in the coil by a rotating toothed disc driven by the crank-shaft and the ignition pulses are produced by charging a capacitor 54 from an inverter 61 and discharging it via the thyristor and a step-up transformer 56.
Patent GB-521068-A (GB)
Title: A process for the production of monoalkylol ketones
IPC: C07C49/17
Filed: 1938-11-17
Abstract: 521,068. Mono-alkylol ketones. FIFE, J. G. (Naamlooze Vennootschap de Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij.). Nov. 17, 1938, No. 33475. [Class 2 (iii)] Mono-alkylol ketones are obtained from di-alkylol ketones by reacting the latter with ketones, in the presence or absence of alkaline condensing agents, e.g. barium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. The initial material may, be the residue obtained by distilling off monoalkylol ketones, e.g. mono-methylol butanone, from the reaction products of aldehydes, e.g. formaldehyde, and ketones, e.g. butanone. Examples are given of the preparation of monomethylol butanone from di-methylol butanone and butanone in the presence of baryta solution or caustic soda lye.
Patent GB-1513105-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for connecting wires to individual electrical contacts secured in an insulating housing
IPC: H01R12/38
Filed: 1976-08-12
Abstract: 1513105 Connecting wires to electrical contacts AMP INC 12 Aug 1976 [22 Sept 1975] 33531/76 Heading H2E [Also in Division B3] A method of and apparatus for connecting wires 2 to individual contacts 30 secured in an insulating housing 11, Fig. 2, the contacts 30 being arranged in two rows with their slotted wire connecting plates 36, 38 upstanding from a platform 15, Fig. 5, which separates the two rows adjacent plates 36, 38 in each row being separated by a partition in, Fig. 6, which apparatus comprises, Fig. 4, a support 62, having a surface 64 for supporting the housing 11, a stuffer assembly 58 including two or more spaced stuffer plates 100, 102, 104, a ram 52 for moving the assembly 58 down towards the surface 64, each stuffer plate 100-104 having spaced teeth 101, for engaging and forcing wires 2 into the slots 36, 38 of respective contacts 30 in one row, a stop surface defined by a plate 66 to engage the housing 11 against movement in a first direction and a toothed plate 68, the teeth 69 of which engage the spaces between partitions 14 of the other row of contacts to prevent movement of the housing in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. A housing 11 with its two rows of contacts 30 is placed on the surface 64 by showing its two end arms 27 into grooves 89, Fig. 4, and by engaging it against plates 66 and 68. Signal wires 2 of a ribbon coaxial cable 1 are held in respective spaces 25 above each contact 30 in the upper row, and the ram 52 is then lowered by a handle (54), Fig. 3 (not shown), to bring the stuffer plates 100-104 down onto the wires to push them into the slots in the plates 36, 38, the slots cutting through insulation 3, Fig. 6. The housing 11 is then turned over and the cable's drain wires 4 similarly connected to the other row of contacts.
Patent GB-466863-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to floors, roofs and the like for buildings
IPC: E04B2/62
Filed: 1935-12-04
Abstract: 466,863. Walls, floors, and like structures. BRIGGS, M. H., and HEYMANN, M. Dec. 4, 1935, No. 33604. [Class 20 (iv)] A wall, floor, roof, or like structure comprises hollow boxes 1 which fill the spaces between spaced concrete beams or columns and are each formed of two spaced and parallel members 4, 4<1> of corrugated sheeting supported at each end by projecting ledges on end members 5, 5<1>, the end members of boxes adjacent the beams or columns being arranged to constitute parts of the moulds for forming the latter members. The boxes 1 of the wall shown in Figs. 2 and 3 comprise metal side members 4, 4<1> which have horizontal undercut corrugations and are supported by ledges formed by recessed portions 6 of the metal end members 5, 5<1>. The concrete columns 3 are cast between the end members 5, 5<1> of adjacent boxes, and these end members may be strengthened by additional corrugated sheets 8, 8<1> spot-welded thereto. The mould for the columns 3 is completed by metal sheets 9, 9<1> entering recessed portions 10 on the sheets 8, 8<1>. Horizontal beams 2 are cast in moulds formed by the sheeting 4, 4<1> and base plates 13. The columns and beams are cast integrally with each other, and the reinforcing rods of the columns and beams extend across the places of intersection of these members. The end members 5, 5<1> may be troughed as shown in Fig. 4, or they may be provided with undercut vertical corrugations. The moulds for the columns may be suitably spaced, and intermediate columns 12 are then formed by spotwelding together the end members of adjacent boxes. The sheeting 4, 4<1> may be bulit up of a number of overlapping sheets. Columns may be provided at the corner of a wall. In the case of a floor or roof, the beams 2 and columns 3 become intersecting longitudinal and transverse beams which may be given a breadth increasing from the base upwardly, and concrete may be cast over the upper surfaces of the boxes. The concrete to form the beams and columns may be cast in the moulds either before or after erection of the boxes. Where the beams or columns are in the form of concrete encasing structural steelwork, the boxes may rest on the inner flanges of the steel members, and a length of corrugated sheeting is then disposed across the outside of each steel member and interconnected with the boxes on each side thereof.