Patent GB-986103-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electronic digital computing machines
Inventor: KILBURN TOM
IPC: G06F9/48
Filed: 1960-06-30
Abstract: 986,103. Electronic computers; digital data storage. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. June 30, 1961 [June 30, 1960], No. 23017/60. Headings G4A and G4C. An electronic digital computing machine comprises main data word storage means and a main control system for controlling machine operation in accordance with a principal programme of machine instructions and also includes at least one subsidiary control system for controlling machine operation in accordance with a subsidiary programme or machine instructions and transfer control means for periodically effecting transfer of machine control from said main control system to said subsidiary control system. The embodiment of Fig. 2 is similar to that of Specifications 976,499 and 979,632 and comprises a binary parallel computer having a main magnetic core store 10 with 16 blocks of 512 words each, computing circuits 18 and a secondary magnetic drum store 11, automatic transfer between the stores 10,11 being as described in the aforementioned Specifications. The computer comprises further word storage in the form of a number of magnetic tape decks 55 and peripheral equipment 72 such as punched card equipment of signal controlled typewriting machines. An interrupt trigger 93 is set on whenever an item of peripheral equipment 72 requires access to the main store 10 or to the control system or in response to overflow or error indicating signals. The computer further includes a normal control register 80 an "extra-code" control register 81 and associated store 34 and an interrupt control register 82 output signals from which are applied to an interrupt instruction storage device 38 within which is located an interrupt instruction programme. Priority among the various interrupt signals is determined by an arrangement of triggers (Fig. 3, not shown). The interrupt control register 82 is connected to an interrupt instruction store 38 of the fixed type of core store, selection of the appropriate instruction related to the nature of the operation required to deal with the equipment demanding access being selected in response to an appropriate setting of the register 82. The tape decks 55 and other low signalling speed equipment have associated registers (not shown) for reading out at the slow speed. The drum store 11 and tape decks 55 have their own control registers capable of effecting transfer between themselves and the main store 10 and transfers can take place simultaneously with interleaved periods of normal machine operation. In the event of simultaneous address requests from the main machine control and instruction registers 80, 14, the drum store 11 and the tape decks 55, a priority control circuit 39 (Fig. 4 not shown) comprising an arrangement of triggers adapted to control gates which effect dealing of the requests in the priority order: drum store 11, tape decks 55, and machine control. The drum store (Fig. 5, not shown) comprises four synchronously running drums each having eight bands of n tracks, where n is the number of digits in a word. The tape decks 55 (Fig. 6, not shown) comprise eight individual decks each having a register for writing in or reading out. During normal machine operation the normal control register 80 registers the address in the main store 10 of the next instruction which is then read out to the normal instruction register 14, any modifier digits being signalled to a modifier or "B-word" store 28, the selected word then being fed to the normal instruction register 14 to modify the instruction. The address digits of this instruction are then fed to the main store 10 to select the operative data word, the function digits being applied to a function decoder 45. On completion of this instruction, the register 80 is advanced by one and the cycle repeated. Under conditions of "extra-code" working, the current instruction is one containing a special digit configuration which is sensed by a circuit 30 which provides signals E for inhibiting the normal control register 80 and activating the "extra-code" control register 81 to cause the "extra-code" store 34 to select a required subroutine, whose instructions are applied to the instruction register 14. The interrupt control system is similar to the "extra-code" control system, the required operation being initiated under the control of the instruction register 14, and during the relatively long time interval between the initial presentation of the instruction and the instant when the equipment concerned is ready to operate, the normal machine programme is continued under the control of the register 80, and when the equipment is ready for access to the main store 10, an interrupt signal is produced by the trigger 93 to render the interrupt register 82 effective. This is set with the first instruction of a group for dealing with the equipment demanding access to the store 10. Machine operation to deal with the peripheral equipment now takes place in normal manner, subject to any priority imposed by the priority control circuits 39, the last instruction of the group returning the register 82 to its initial setting. In the case of the drum 11 and tape decks 55, the address digits concerned have been registered in register means within the corresponding address select means 16, 61 and once initiated, transfer operations become automatic and do not require the use of the interrupt control system for each individual word transfer step. Specification 979,633 also is referred to.