Patent GB-1157702-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Liquid Fuel Flow Systems for Gas Turbine Engines
Inventor: KAST HOWARD BERDOLT
IPC: F02C9/16
Filed: 1966-07-15
Abstract: 1,157,702. Valves. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 15 July, 1966 [14 Dec., 1965], No. 31828/66. Heading F2V. [Also in Divisions F1 and G3] Fuel is supplied from a fuel pump 12, Fig. 1, to the fuel nozzles 23 of a gas turbine engine via a line 16, a metering and pressurizing valve 14, a line 18 and a cut-off valve 20. Initial movement of the pilot's throttle lever 26 opens the cut-off valve 20 fully to enable the engine to be started. Further movement of the throttle lever 26 is sensed by a potentiometer 28 to provide a signal which, together with a signal indicative of engine speed and provided by a speed pick-up 42, is fed to an amplifier 30 which controls an electro-hydraulic valve 32. The valve 32 controls the supply of fuel from a line 38 as an hydraulic actuating fluid to one or other of lines 34, 36 to control the position of the piston 58, Fig. 2, of the metering and pressurizing valve 14. The position of the piston 58 is sensed by a potentiometer 40 to provide a feedback signal which is fed to the amplifier 30. Lines 16 and 18 are connected to annular chambers 74 and 76, respectively, surrounding the piston 58. The fuel flows from the chamber 74 into the interior of the piston 58 through opposed metering ports 85 formed in the wall of the piston, and thence flows to the chamber 76 through opposed pressurizing ports 87 also formed in the wall of the piston. The pressure drop across the metering ports 85 is kept constant by a by-pass valve 48 connected across the fuel pump 12 and controlled in accordance with the pressure in a line 52. Line 52 is connected to the interior of the piston 58 through a duct 77 and an annular chamber 78 which is open to the ports 87 in all positions of the piston 58. It is also connected through holes 83 in a piston 80 with a chamber 82 communicating through ports 79 with the chambers 74 and 76. Piston 80, which obturates the ports 79 to an extent adjustable by a threaded shaft 86, forms a minimum flow device 17 which ensures a minimum flow to the fuel nozzles 23 even when the valve 14 is closed. At low rates of fuel flow to the nozzles 23, the back pressure developed across the nozzles is small. This back pressure is, however, augmented by a large pressure drop caused by a small overlap between the pressurizing ports 87 and the chamber 76. The discharge pressure of the pump 12, comprising the sum of these pressures and the constant metering pressure developed across the metering ports 85, is large enough for the use of the fuel as an hydraulic medium for operation of hydraulically actuated ancilliaries such as the valves 32, 14. At high rates of flow to the nozzles 23, the back pressure developed across the nozzles is high and does not need to be augmented by a pressure drop developed by the pressurizing ports 87. The ports 87 are therefore shaped as shown to provide a sharp increase of opening at positions of the piston 58 corresponding to high rates of flow, whereby the pressure drop is then negligible. The ports 87 may be modified as shown at (93), Fig. 4 (not shown), to provide a progressive transition from the initial small width of opening to the full width.