baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-285277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the treatment of fibrous material, for example, for the manufacture of paper
IPC: B02C17/04
Filed: 1927-04-20
Abstract: 285,277. Wells, S. D. April 20, 1927. Pulp, preparation of; pulping-engines.-In the production of pulp suitable for the manufacture of paper from wood and other vegetable fibrous material, the wood &c., preferably after it has been digested, is subjected to the action of a rod mill comprising a rotary drum 1 half filled with rods 7 of preferably 1-2 inches diameter and about 2 inches shorter than the inside length of the drum. The material is reduced by the rolling action of the rods during the rotation of the drum, cutting action being avoided. The wood is first impregnated with digesting liquor by steaming then forcing in the liquor under pressure. Gum chips may be treated with 10 parts of sodium sulphite and 4 parts of sodium carbonate or bicarbonate to 100 parts of chips. For pine wood 8 parts of caustic soda to 1 part of sulphur may be used. 8 per cent calcium bisulphite and 2 per cent sulphurous acid is suitable for treating tamarack. After the excess liquor is removed, the temperature is raided to 160‹ C. and maintained thereat until softening but not dissolving of the middle lamella, or cementing material is effected. The rod mill is also adapted for pulping cooked cereal straws, bamboo, cornstalk, bagasse from sugar cane, sorghum, flax straw, hemp, alfa grass, palmetto, palm, saw grass, cane &c. The softening may be done in the mill by admitting sodium carbonate, milk of lime, or other known softening agents thereto, and rais. ing the temperature to the required degree by steam.
Patent GB-105880-A (GB)
IPC: B63G9/00
Abstract: 105,880. Smith, R. J. Jan. 3, 1917. Torpedo nets are built up from a series of transverse inclined screens 1 which form V-shaped pockets open at one or both ends 3, 5. The screens are secured between upper and lower pairs of rods or cables 7, 0 and are braced or reinforced by flexible wires or stays 10, 14. The rods or cables 7, 9 are connected by vertical stays 11 and also by cross-stays. The net may be made in sections and the ends 3 may be closed as shown in dotted lines 11. According to the Provisional Specification the nets as above described may be used in conjunction with a series of parallel nets hung from hooks carried by bars and braced by wires.
Patent GB-1338171-A (GB)
Title: Method of manufacture of sewer and drain cleaner compositions
IPC: C11D11/00
Filed: 1971-04-06
Abstract: 1338171 Pelleted sewer cleaning composition CONSOLIDATED FOODS CORP 6 April 1971 10636/71 Heading C5D [Also in Division B5] A pelleted sewer and drain cleaner composition from which heat is liberated when added to water, is prepared by (A) intimately admixing 45-65% wt. of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, 4-10% wt. of finely divided particulate aluminium or a mixture of aluminium and zinc, 20-40% wt. of a particulate water-soluble inorganic nitrate (e.g. sodium nitrate) and 5- 20% wt. of sodium chloride, sodium carbonate or sodium silicate, (B) tackifying the intimately admixed composition by spraying a portion of a total amount of water of about 4À0 to 5À1% wt. of the intimately admixed composition at 100- 160‹ F. on to the composition to effect partial agglomeration thereof, (C) agglomerating said partially agglomerated composition by spraying the composition with additional water consisting of the remainder of the 4À0-5À1% wt. of water at 100-160‹ F. to form homogeneous pellets, (D) drying the pellets and (E) cooling to 110‹ F. prior to packaging. Preferably, <SP>2</SP>/ 3  of the water required is added in step (B) and <SP>1</SP>/ 3  in step (C). Optimum temperature of the water is 130- 155‹ F. Aluminium powder which passes a 6 mesh Tyler standard screen, but is retained on a 20 mesh Tyler standard screen, is suitable and is critical. A flow diagram of suitable apparatus (not shown) comprises a blender 1 for mixing the ingredients of the composition; an open faced auger 5 wherein the blended composition is sprayed with water to form a tackified mass; a rotary drum 7 wherein pellets are formed, water being sprayed in to compensate for water lost by the heat of the reaction; a discharge hopper 9, sizing equipment 10 and a screw conveyer heat exchanger 12 provided with a cooling jacket.
Patent GB-572842-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ventilation systems
IPC: F24F13/062
Filed: 1943-07-01
Abstract: 572,842. Ventilators. MARSHALL, J. July 1, 1943, No. 10677. [Class 137] In a ventilating system which includes at least one directional louvre outlet and a diffuser-type outlet supplied from a common air stream, an orificed partition 16 is provided in a duct 10 near the diffuser outlet or distributor 11, and forms a constricted passage of, e.g., less than a half of the duct area. In the preferred form the crifice comprises a venturi tube 15 extending through a plate 16 fitting the bore of duct; the obstruction may however consist of an apertured plate with or without a flange at the margin of the aperture. Specification 377,634 is referred to.
Patent GB-372907-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in steam power plants
IPC: F01K23/04
Filed: 1931-04-13
Abstract: 372,907. Steam-power plant. WEIR, Ltd., G. & J. and WEIR, J. G., Holm Foundry, Cathcart, Glasgow. April 13, 1931, No. 10766. [Classes 110 (iii) and 122 (iii).] A steam-power plant for turbine-propelled ships comprises two circuits or steam-and-water systems each including a boiler and an engine, the temperature and pressure being very high in the first or primary circuit and moderate in the secondarv circuit. The exhaust steam of the primary circuit is the heating agent in the secondary-circuit boiler wherein it is condensed and returned to the primary boiler. The secondary circuit includes ahead and astern turbines. The astern turbine is supplied only from the secondary boiler. During manoeuvring, the primary steam may byepass partly or wholly the primary engine to the beating surface of the secondary boiler, when the power for propulsion is taken from the secondary engine. Steam from boiler a passes through a superheater e heated by the boiler combustion products, and when desired, by the furnace c. It is fed by a hand-controlled and automaticallycontrolled valve f to the primary engine g. The exhaust is used as heating agent in a tank boiler h. The condensate is returned by a pump k to the boiler a. Steam from boiler h passes bv pipe 2 to a secondary turbine m. The exhaust passes to a condenser n ; the condensate is returned to the boiler h. When the supply is wholly or partially cut off, damage to the superheater is prevented by the passage of steam therethrough controlled by the valve f. The steam passes by a connection r to the boiler h. When the propelling machinery comprises high-pressure and low-pressure forward turbines g, m and a low-pressure astern turbine r<1> structurally incorporated with the lowpressure forward turbine m, the turbine r<1> is always supplied with steam from the boiler h. A modification is described wherein the steam passes direct from the boiler tubes to the superheater e. In a modification, the steam passing from the secondary boiler to the turbines m, r<1> is superheated by the heat of the primary steam passing to the turbine g. In a further modification, the steam from the secondary boiler is passed through a second superheater arranged in the flue gases of the primary boiler. Or the secondary steam may be superheated first by the flue gases and then by the primary steam, or an independently-fixed superheater may be used. The steam for the auxiliary machinery of the power plant may be supplied from the secondary boiler. In the construction shown in Fig. 5, the auxiliary machines 2<1> are supplied from boiler h and exhaust into feed-water heaters 3<1>. A feed-heater 4 using steam taken from the turbine at a point u is also provided for the primary boiler fed by the pump k. The condensate passes to the heating coil of the boiler h.
Patent GB-1373266-A (GB)
Title: Compound fluid pressure actuator for friction torque couplings
IPC: F16H63/30
Filed: 1972-03-08
Abstract: 1373266 Change-speed control; fluid-pressure disc brakes; one-way brakes FORD MOTOR CO Ltd 8 March 1972 [27 May 1971] 10773/72 Headings F2D F2E and F2F A two-part piston, for actuating the manual low-reverse multi-disc brake 52 of a torqueconverter driven three-speeds and reverse Simpson planetary gear set in a motor vehicle, comprises relatively axially movable outer and inner rings 98, 90, the outer, 98, being moved axially in opposition to a wave-spring 104, for initially compressing brake discs 80, 82, when fluid pressure is supplied at 112, such pressure being bled off through a restrictor 110 in the inner piston part 90, which is moved by pressure increase, in opposition to springs 95, stronger than 104, to follow the outer piston part 98, until the restrictor 110 is blanked by the outer part, whereafter the two parts move together to apply full brake pressure. A oneway brake 72 is in parallel with the disc brake.
Patent GB-625107-A (GB)
Title: Method and means for rectification and distillation of liquids with low temperature boiling points
IPC: F25J3/04
Filed: 1946-04-08
Abstract: 625,107. Separating gases. KAPITZA, P. L. April 8, 1946, No. 10781. [Class 8(ii)] In an apparatus for the rectification and fractional distillation of a mixture of liquids boiling at low temperatures, e.g., liquid air utilizing heat exchangers 2, 3 and one or more compressors 8 and 16 for obtaining a plegm of the volatile components of the mixture being fractionated. the compressor or compressors are installed at the cold end of the system and are mechanically or otherwise coupled to an expansion engine 5 installed after the heat exchangers and ahead of the rectification column 1. As shown, nitrogen gas from the top of the column 1 is compressed at 8, and nitrogen from a point below the column top is compressed at 16 before passing through condenser coils 10, 18 where the phlegm is formed. Pure nitrogen gas is led away through a pipe 13 and liquid oxygen through a pipe 14. A dynamo 15 absorbs excess power generated by the expansion engine. In order to separate a trinary mixture a second column is required, both columns being provided with one or more compressors driven by the expansion engine.
Patent GB-115743-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Stoneware Taps or Valves for Controlling Acid or Corrosive or other Liquids.
IPC: F16K27/06
Filed: 1917-07-27
Abstract: 115,743. Brookes Chemicals, Ltd., and Brooke, N. July 27, 1917. Plug cocks.-In a stoneware tap for controlling acids and other corrosive liquids, the plug is secured by a cap d screwing on a coarse thread c' formed on the shank c. The cap has a ground-in joint with the surface a<1> of the casing; or a washer c of india-rubber, wood-fibre, asbestos, &c., is interposed. The outlet may be provided with a U-shaped lute or seal a<3>, strengthened by a bar a<4>, for use with vessels employing a vacuum.
Patent GB-1348941-A (GB)
Title: 6,6-difluoro-pregnenes-3,17-diones
IPC: A61K31/573
Filed: 1971-04-22
Abstract: 1348941 6,6-Difluorosteroids E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO 22 April 1971 [22 April 1970 11 Jan 1971] 10823/71 Heading C2U The invention comprises compounds of formula wherein R is H or C 1-4  alkanoyl and R<SP>3</SP> is H or Me. The compounds with R = acetyl are prepared in a single step from compounds of formula (wherein X is Cl or F, and R<SP>2</SP> is H or C 1-4  alkanoyl) by reaction with silver acetate (optionally in the presence of sodium acetate, acetic acid and/or water) and then, if water was absent, contacting the product with water. The resulting 21-acetates may then be hydrolysed to 21-ols which may be re-alkanoylated. Compounds IV are prepared as described in Specification 1,348,943. Compounds I may be further converted as described in Specification 1,348,942. Pharmaceutical compositions for oral, parenteral and topical administration comprise a carrier and a compound of Formula I (the activity of which is not disclosed).
Patent GB-452971-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric welding equipment
IPC: B23K11/24
Filed: 1936-04-15
Abstract: 452,971. Control systems for resistance welding. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London. April 15, 1936, No. 10852. Convention date, April 15, 1935. Addition to 450,750. [Class 38 (iv)] The number of cycles or half cycles included in a welding period in the system of the parent Specification is rendered capable of greater variation by introducing an additional resistance or resistances R<1>2 in the connection by which the secondary of the transformer 9 charges one or more of the condensers C1, C2, C3, C4. The resistance R<1>2 may be short circuited by the switch 11.
Patent GB-459598-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to regulating transformers
IPC: H01F29/06
Filed: 1935-04-09
Abstract: 459,598. Transformers. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP MACHINERIEEN EN APPARATEN FABRIEKEN MEAF, 30, Croeselaan, Utrecht, Holland. April 9, 1935, No. 10987. Convention date, Nov. 19, 1934. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Nov. 19, 1935.] [Class 38 (ii)] In a regulating transformer comprising a tapped winding distributed over a number of magnetic cores energized by a common primary the reluctance of the cores is increased by air gaps or saturation so as to ensure a large magnetizing current and thus avoid undue disturbance of the flux distribution during regulation. The cores may be arranged in pairs a1, a11, Fig. 6, linked by parallel-connected sections 41 of primary winding and by seriesconnected sections 42 of secondary winding, the latter being tapped between the pairs of cores. The ends of the secondary sections and the intermediate taps are brought out to contacts 44, 45, 46 co-operating with a movable contact 43 which in its travel from left to right increases the voltage at the secondary terminals 49 in steps. In the positions in which the movable contact bridges two fixed contacts flux is diverted from one core of a pair to the other by circulating current in the short-circuited turn but not to the other cores since these are magnetically separate. In an alternative arrangement, Fig. 7, three cores linked by a common primary 41 and by a common secondary 42 are provided in each group, the groups and the contacts associated with the tappings being arranged in a ring so as to co-operate with a rotary regulating contact. Each primary and secondary section may comprise more than one turn, and where the cores are arranged in a ring, the secondary may consist of a conductor in the form of a helix each turn of which passes through all the cores. In such an arrangement, Fig. 8, (not shown) the movable contact is carried on a radial arm rotating about a screw-threaded spindle so that the contact moves in a helical path to co-operate with the helically-arranged fixed contacts. Specifications 446,455 and 459,597 are referred to.
Patent GB-777342-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for applying valve sleeves to bag tubes
IPC: B31B39/84
Filed: 1954-04-14
Abstract: 777,342. Making paper &c. bags. ST. REGIS PAPER CO. April 14, 1954 [May 12, 1953], No. 11021/54. Class 94(2). In an apparatus for making multiwall valve bags from webs of paper &c., supplementary sheets, to form valve sleeves, are applied to the webs prior to the tubing operation. The apparatus also is applicable to the manufacture of singleply bags. As shown, paper webs 10 to 14, for making a 5-ply bag, are fed in transversely stepped relation from individually mounted rolls, Fig. 1 (not shown), the web 10 passing around a pulley 31, and through a perforator 35 providing perforations 36, Fig. 6, to a web assembly unit D. Webs 11 and 12 pass over guide rolls 39 and 40 respectively, and are superimposed at 43, and provided with perforations 45, Fig. 6, at 44. The web 11 is provided with a glue stripe 46 to secure the supplemental sheet 56, Fig. 6, at 47, and a similar glue stripe may be provided on the web 12 at 48. The dimension 49, Fig. 6, represents one bag length. The webs 13 and 14 are directed to a similar perforating and glueing unit C. The web 53 for the supplemental sheets 56 is supplied from a roll 51 and is provided at 57 with a cut 58, Fig. 9, and at 60 with a cut 61, which is angularly offset relative to a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the strip 53. In this way a tuck-in valve sleeve is provided in which the outer edges are angularly offset relative to one another, but other types of valve sleeve of the inwardly protruding, or outwardly protruding tuck-in type may be used, Figs. 11 and 10 (not shown). The severed sheets 56 are brought up to the speed of the web 11 by rollers 63 and guided into position on the glue stripe 46 on the web 11. Glue is applied to the underside of the web 10 at 84, in register with the stripe 46, Fig. 6, and the now superposed webs 10 to 14 are provided with glue stripes 28b on their stepped longitudinal edges, at 84a, and formed into a gussetted tube 86, Fig. 12, by the unit E. The tube is then directed to a severing unit and discharge conveyer, Fig. 1b (not shown) where a portion 95 of the web is removed to provide a notched type of valve corner. If a notchless type of valve corner is required, Fig. 18 (not shown) the tuck-in sleeve, Fig. 10 (not shown) is made longer and folded over to take the place of the notch. The blank severed from the tube 86 is provided with a valve corner as shown in Fig. 17, the bag being finished by sewing across the top a closure tape, Fig. 19 (not shown). Specification 639,404 and 671,047 are referred to.
Patent GB-180644-A (GB)
IPC: B60B3/18
Filed: 1922-04-19
Abstract: 180,644. Compagnie d'Applications MÚcaniques. May 26, 1921, [Convention date]. Detaching from, and attaching to, permanent hubs.-The nut 7 for securing a detachable wheel hub 3 on the permanent hub 1 is locked by a bolt 10 slidable in guides 8, 9 under the action of a compressed spring 13 and provided with teeth 11, 12 engaging teeth 6 formed on the end of the hub 3. The teeth 11, 12 are formed in cut-away recesses 19, 20 near the ends of the bolt, which is prevented from turning either by being of an angular shape in section or by the pin-and-slot device 17, 18.
Patent GB-914551-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to moulding sand
Inventor: LEMON PETER HERBERT RICHARD BR
IPC: B22C1/22
Filed: 1958-04-08
Abstract: Resin-coated sand for use in shell moulding is prepared by applying to the sand, separately and successively, two resins, the first being a phenolic resin of a low degree of condensation such that it contains 1 to 3 phenolic nuclei per molecule, and the second a novolak phenolic resin of a higher degree of condensation than the first and containing 4 to 7 phenolic nuclei per molecule, both resins being capable of curing on further heating in the presence of formaldehyde or a formaldehyde donor. The phenolic resins are condensates of formaldehyde with phenol or homologues, e.g. cresol or xylenol.  The first resin may be a novolak obtained by reacting phenol and formaldehyde in mole ratio 1 to 0,5-0,725 at 30 DEG -100 DEG C. under acid conditions, or a resol obtained by reacting a higher proportion of formaldehyde under alkaline conditions, e.g. ammonia, at pH 7-9.  The resins may be dehydrated under vacuum at 20 DEG -85 DEG C.  The second resin may be a novolak obtained by reacting phenol and formaldehyde in mole ratio 1 to 0,75-0,9 under acid conditions and under reflux at 100 DEG C.  The resin may be dehydrated under atmospheric pressure at 120 DEG -160 DEG C.  The resins may be used as solids, emulsions, or solutions, but it is preferred to use the first in aqueous alcoholic solution, and the second as an emulsion with 80% solids. The resins are mixed with the sand, which may be heated, successively, and then hexamethylene tetramine is added and mixing continued until the initial bond between the grains is broken. Air or other gas, which may be heated, may be passed through the mixture.  The hexamethylene tetramine may be added in two parts, the first before the second resin and the remainder after. Specification 753,163 is referred to.
Patent GB-1085085-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fuel nozzles with vortex chambers
Inventor: JEMELKA JIRI
IPC: F23D11/24
Filed: 1965-03-16
Abstract: 1,085,085. Fuel nozzles. PRVNI BRNENSKA STROJIRNA, ZAVODY KLEMENTA GOTTWALDA, NARODNI PODNIK. March 16, 1965, No. 11072/65. Heading F4T. A fuel nozzle comprises a plurality of tangential passages 2 leading to a vortex chamber, the flow of fuel through the tangential passages 2 being controlled by piston valves 6 disposed in bores arranged at right-angles to the tangential passages. The valves 6 are operated by a single connecting rod 7 and are of different lengths so that the tangential passages are controlled in sequence.
Patent GB-732863-A (GB)
Title: Process for manufacturing dicyanobutene
Filed: 1953-04-23
Abstract: In the manufacture of 1,4-dicyano-2-butene by reaction between dichlorobutenes consisting of either 1,4-dichloro-2-butene or 3,4-dichloro-1-butene or mixtures thereof and hydrogen cyanide, formed in situ from sodium cyanide, in a liquid aqueous acidic medium containing a dissolved cuprous compound as catalyst, ferrous iron is removed from the liquid aqueous copper-containing phase by adding to the said aqueous phase a cation consisting of Cu++, Cd++, Mn++, or Fe+++, maintaining the temperature of the resulting mixture at 0 to 100 DEG  C. and at a pH of 4.0 to 6.5 whereby a precipitate containing ferrocyanide ion is produced and then separating the precipitate from the resulting mixture.  The added cation may be derived from appropriate salts such as ferric chloride, cupric chloride, cadmium chloride or manganese chloride.  In an example a catalyst solution comprising cuprous chloride and water is heated to 80-85 DEG  C. and hydrochloric acid added to reduce the pH to 5.0.  A mixture of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene and 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is then added and sodium cyanide containing a trace of ferrocyanide is also added at such a rate as to maintain the pH at 5.0, hydrochloric acid being also added to neutralize the sodium carbonate alkalinity present in the sodium cyanide feed.  The product is allowed to separate into two layers and the quality of the product is observed by noting whether a filmy polymer is present in the interface.  The product is then extracted with benzene, the benzene extract washed with water, and the water wash is combined with the reactor water layer.  The combined aqueous layer from each cyanation is then treated with the cation-producing agent, e.g. with aqueous ferric chloride solution, and the resulting precipitate removed by filtration. The treated solution is then extracted with benzene to remove any dicyanobutene present and the pH of the aqueous layer is reduced to 1.7 by adding hydrochloric acid, a slurry containing cuprous copper being formed.  This slurry is removed and concentrated, some fresh cuprous cyanide added, and aqueous sodium cyanide solution is then added to dissolve the catalyst, the resulting solution being then ready for use in the next cyanation cycle. Tabulated data are given to show how the iron content of the aqueous phase is effected by adding ferric chloride under various conditions of temperature and pH.  Specification 639,438 is referred to.