Patent GB-598899-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for making cases for books
IPC: B42C7/00
Filed: 1944-10-26
Abstract: 598,899. Making book covers. PENDER, G., AULD, J. T., and BRYDEN, S. Oct. 26, 1944, No. 20907. [Class 16] [Also in Group VIII] In a machine for making cases for books in which pairs of boards are applied successively and at spaced intervals to a web of cloth coated with adhesive, means are provided for effecting the operation of corner cutting before the cloth has the adhesive applied thereto. The cloth A is drawn intermittently by reciprocating jaws, incorporating in a guillotine H, from a reel unit B, around rollers 15, 16, through a corner-cutting unit C and a glueing-unit D, around an adjustable roller 40 and fixed roller 64, through a board-placing unit E, a backlining placing unit F, fixed units G for turning up the side marginal portions of the cloth, the guillotine unit H on the frame of which are turn-over devices for the top and bottom margins of the cloth, and finally through a presser unit I. The board-placing and back-lining placing units are fixed with respect to a datum line K, K, and the guillotine unit is the only unit requiring adjustment along the length of the machine to suit varying heights of cases. The different devices requiring similar adjustment for varying widths of cases are coupled together by chain and sprocket means for common adjustment. The major part of the driving gear mechanism is arranged at the back of the machine. The reel unit B comprises an end disc 1, carrying a spindle 2 for the reel, pivotally mounted on a vertical post 4 whereby it can be swung away from the machine frame J to facilitate mounting a reel of cloth therein : a withdrawable spring-pressed peg 10 retains the unit in the two positions. The roller 15 is adjustable, and a weighted strap bears on the reel of cloth, to tension the web A. The corner-cutting unit C comprises two sets of V-section knives each having one fixed and one vertically reciprocating knife, one set being adjustable transversely by rotating a screw spindle connected thereto. The upper knives 30 of each set are intermittently reciprocated vertically by rack and pinion means. The glueing-unit D is mounted on wheels 33 engaging rails on the frame whereby it can be withdrawn for cleaning etc. on tripping a latch 34. The tank is heated electrically and has a restricted throat in which is mounted a duct roller 36. The rollers 36, 38 can be adjusted relatively to each other by a micrometer adjustment, and the roller 38 is disposed with its axis to the right of a vertical line through the axis of the roller 36 whereby a certain amount of glue will be trapped in the bite of the rollers whilst stationary between intermittent rotation thereof to ensure a more even distribution of glue to the web A. To facilitate removal of the rollers 36, 38 each shaft thereof is mounted between two stub axles. The driving axles are geared together, the gear for the roller 38 meshing with a gear on a sprocket and chain driven shaft. The web A is held in contact with the roller 38 by means of rollers 32, 40, the latter being mounted for adjustment along a slideway 60 by rack and pinion means operable by rotation of a shaft 63. This adjustable roller 40 serves to register the V-cuts in the web with the datum line K, K during initial threading of the web in the machine by hand. In the board-placing unit E two piles of boards are contained side by side in hoppers and supported on a board pusher which is reciprocated by rack and pinion means to feed the lowermost board in each pile to a position beneath placing- heads having pneumatic suction pads and vertically reciprocable by rack and pinion means to deposit the boards on the adhesivecoated web A. The boards are spaced transversely relatively to the sides of the web and to a longitudinal central space for the back-lining by means of four plates in the hopper. The front plate is fixed; the two central and rear plates are adjustable and connected each to a manually-rotatable spindle. Rotation of one spindle adjusts the rear plate, rotation of another moves both central plates together without varying the distance between them, and rotation of the third spindle varies the distance between the central plates. The spindle for the rear plate is coupled by sprocket and chain means for common operation with the adjustable knife of the corner-cutting unit. Adjustable abutments engaging the trailing edges of the boards move with the pusher board to drive them out beneath an adjustable vertical retaining plate which holds back the rest of the boards in the piles. The back-lining placing unit F comprises means for feeding a web of paper from a roll transversely of the web, cutting a back-lining therefrom, and pneumatic means on a vertically reciprocating head, operated by rack and pinion gearing, for depositing the lining on the web. The cutting- mechanism consists of a fixed lower and a movable upper knife, the latter being operated by a system of levers connected to a trip tappet which is adapted to be engaged by a projection on the vertically movable head. The back-lining web is fed by feed rollers geared to a shaft 140 driven by rack and pinion gearing 143 through a one-way clutch by a crank device 144, 145. The side turn-over units G, which are disposed beneath the back-lining unit F, comprise two relatively long formers 151 each having a turn-over edge which, by shape alone, turns over the side marginal portion of the cloth web A gradually as the web passes therethrough. The formers 151 are mounted hinge fashion so that they can, if necessary, be swung upwardly and outwardly of the sides of the web. The front former is mounted on a fixed bracket, but the rear former is mounted for adjustment transversely of the machine by means which is connected by chain and sprocket gears for common adjustment with the knife of the cornercutting unit and rear register plate in the board hoppers. The guillotine unit H for severing the cloth web A between the cases incorporates end (or head and tail) turn-over devices which turn the marginal portions of the cloth over the head and tail of the cases by means of rollers operating in known manner, on either side of the cutting-knives : it also incorporates the reciprocating jaws which feed the web A through the machine. The unit H is mounted on a sub-frame J4 adjustable along the main frame J, and includes a fixed lower knife and an upper knife carried by member 172 which is vertically reciprocated by a set of front and rear links 173, 174, the links 174 being secured to a rotatable shaft 175. The link 174 at the rear carries a lateral roller confined between two horizontal guides on a vertically reciprocable carriage operated by a cam through a rigid rod; adjustment of the frame J4 cannot therefore prevent operation of the upper knife since the roller on the link 174 will always be actuated by the carriage. The upper knife contacts, on every upward stroke, a resiliently mounted cleaning pad ; the knife is also pressed towards the pad by springs. A resiliently mounted clamp bar on each side of the cutting-knives holds the cases during the cutting and turn-over operations, one bar being mounted on the member 172, and the other being reciprocated from the member 172 through rack and pinion gearing. When a case has been severed from the web A, it passes on to an endless conveyer band 194 to be fed through rotating presser rollers 195 of the unit I, and is then delivered from the machine. The web A is fed through the machine by a pair of jaws which grip the new end of the web after each severing operation, the jaws being mounted on a wheeled carriage 198 reciprocated by a rod 199, a two-part arm 201, 202 pivoted at 203, and a rod 204 pivoted eccentrically to a crank disc 206 secured on a driving shaft 207. Stationary adjustable cam-tripping means are arranged to co-operate with rollers on the jaws to control the opening and closing of the jaws. Means to lift up the new end of the web into the path of the open jaws comprises a roller on the jaws adapted on the rearward movement of the latter, to strike a spring-loaded rod which rocks a bellcrank lever carrying a transverse rod arranged beneath the end of the web. The machine is driven from a main shaft having a cam thereon for operating directly the rod of the guillotine unit, and the drive to the rest of the mechanism is mainly through chain and sprocket gearing. The corner-cutting unit is driven by chain and sprocket means from a shaft rotated by a crank arm actuated from a cam shaft geared to the main shaft. The pinion operating the rack of the board pusher in the hopper is actuated by chain and sprocket means driven by a cam-operated rack and pinion.