Patent GB-1313442-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic antiskid vehicle braking systems
IPC: B60T8/50
Filed: 1971-07-28
Abstract: 1313442 Anti-skid systems; hydraulic systems; valves FIAT SpA 28 July 1971 [5 March 1971 6 April 1971] 35427/71 Headings F2F and F2V In an hydraulic anti-skid system including a pump 10, a reservoir 12, therefor, a brake valve 22 and a disc brake 32, 34, an anti-skid control device 64 responsive to variation in the speed of a wheel 36 is actuable upon locking or skidding of the wheel 36 to operate two solenoid valves 28, 48 to connect the brake 32, 34 to the reservoir 12, the system also including a pressure controlled valve 52 which is operable to vary the discharge route of fluid from the brake 32, 34 depending on the braking pressure at the time skidding develops to thereby make allowance for different road surfaces. The valve 52 has a control port 56 in communication via a pipe 58 with a pipe 30 between the valve 28 and the brake 32, 34, but the valve 52 is normally held open by the action of a calibrated spring 53. The solenoid valve 28 which normally interconnects a pipe 18 and the pipe 30 is operable when energized by the device 64 to connect the pipe 30 with a pipe 40 which leads to the reservoir 12 via a throttle 42 and incorporates an expansion chamber 44. The pipe 40 has a branch 46 which is connected to the reservoir 12 via the normally open valve 48, this valve 48 being closed by the device 64, and a second branch 50 leads to the inlet of the normally open valve 52. The brake is applied by operating a pedal 24 of the valve 22 which restricts return flow of fluid from the pump 10 to the reservoir 12 via pipes 20, 26 and causes pressure to build up at the brake 32, 34 via pipe 18, valve 28, and pipe 30, this pressure build up being gradual owing to the presence of an expansion chamber 38; and this pressure is also applied to the control port 56 of valve 52. Releasing of pedal 24 allows this pressure to be relieved, but if prior to this the wheel 36 is subjected to excessive deceleration then the valves 28, 48 are actuated by the device 64; a tachometer 60, e.g. a dynamo tachometer, measuring wheel speed supplies a signal to the device 64, which may be a bistabledevice (Schmitt trigger). If wheel locking occurs on a low grip surface then the pipe 30 will discharge through pipe 50, valve 52 and pipe 54, insufficient braking pressure having been developed to close the valve 52, and the braking pressure can be quickly discharged. If, however, wheel locking occurs on a good grip surface, then the valve 52 will have closed prior to locking and the pipe 30 will discharge via pipe 40 into expansion chamber 44 and via throttle 42 to the reservoir 12, thereby giving slower discharge of braking pressure. Changes in road surface during a braking operation will cause the valve 52 to alter the discharge route accordingly. When the anti-skid device 64 de-energizes the valves 28, 48 the expansion chamber 44 can quickly be discharged to the reservoir 12. Figs. 5, 6 illustrate alternative forms of control valve 52. In Fig. 5 pressure in a control inlet 116 is actuable on a spring biased piston 126 to cause cut-off of flow between openings 104, 108. In Fig. 6 pressure in a control inlet 214 acts on a piston-plunger assembly 218, 220 to restrict flow between inlet 204 and inlet 206.