baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent RO-67782-B1 (RO)
Inventor: LAZAR LIVIU
IPC: B23Q35/00
Filed: 1975-02-10
Abstract: Masina de sculptat caracterizata prin aceea ca în scopul obtinerii unor sculptori de complexitate si finete oricît de avansate, are în montaj niste bare paralele niste picioare niste bare niste contravinituri si niste picioare niste bare paralele niste talpi niste flanse suplimentar consolidate cu niste distantiere (149 si 150) precum si printr-o grinda axatoare ce are mecanisme de prindere automata si care este formata din niste bucse în care intra niste cilindri cu capace pe grinda axatoare fiind racordat un strut sub presiune într-un spatiu al grinzii din spatiul (a) al grinzii din spatiul (a) aerul fiind condus prin niste valve comandate de niste conducte într-un spatiu unde actioneaza asupra unor pistoane pentru retragerea unui ax de centrare si fixare o grinda motrica de constructie speciala pe barele circulînd niste corpuri glisoare pe care sunt montate niste grinzi ce poarta niste bare purtatoare ale unor contragreutati pe grinda oscilînd niste brate sustinînd niste axe pe care se afla o bara pe care sunt montate echidistant niste bare  care poarta niste capete spatiale în care se aflla niste scule prelucratoare.
Patent RO-115583-B1 (RO)
Title: Repeated impulse generator with thyristors and device for adjustable chopping of the impulse wave
Inventor: TITIHĂZAN VIOREL
IPC: H03K3/352
Filed: 1995-09-29
Abstract: The invention relates to a repeated impulse generator with thyristors and a device for adjustable chopping of the impulse wave, used as a signal source on analysing the transitory processes on low voltage devices. The generator comprises two thyristors (4, 9) initiated by the thyristor phase-control circuit (7), the first thyristor (4) entering conduction determines the tripping of the output impulse wave (U output), the second thyristor (9) entering conduction determines the chopping of the impulse wave which is initiated with an adjustable delay in comparison with the conduction entering of the first thyristor (4), through a timing circuit (6), so that 50 Hz frequency impulses with adjustable duration, high stability and precision are obtained at the generator output.
Patent RO-112283-B1 (RO)
Inventor: GRAMADA ION
IPC: C08L9/00
Filed: 1995-10-05
Abstract: Invenția face parte din
domeniul industriei chimice, ramura prelucrării
cauciucului, și rezolvă problema execuției
carcasei benzilor de transport cu cord oțel
alămit utilizate în exploatările miniere de suprafață.
Conform invenției, se utilizează un
nou promotor de aderență pe bază de cauciuc
policloroprenic grefat cu acrilați, alături de
homopolimeri acrilici și cauciuc regenerat, în
combinație cu cauciucurile poliizoprenic, polibutandienstirenic
și polibutadienic, asigurându-se
o foarte bună aderență cauciuc-cord
oțel alămit, atât inițial, cât și în diverse condiții
de îmbătrânire și o foarte bună prelucrabilitate
a amestecului. Utilizarea cauciucului
regenerat din anvelope și camere auto
conduce la ieftinirea produsului finit.
Revendicări: 1
Patent RO-116946-B1 (RO)
Title: Conifer bud syrup and process for preparing the same
Inventor: BOJOR OVIDIU
Filed: 1997-02-19
Abstract: The invention relates to a syrup comprising 20...22 parts of Turiones Abieti/ Turiones Pini, 9...11 parts of Folium Plantaginis, 4...5 parts of Fructus Anisi, 64 parts of sugar, 110 parts of distilled water and 2.50...3.00 parts of sodium benzoate, the parts being expressed by weight, said syrup being recommended in the treatment of chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, tobacco bronchitis, and to the process for preparing said syrup from the above-mentioned plants extracted in distilled water, the sugar and the sodium benzoate, dissolved either in special containers closed with double jacket or on water bath, at a temperature of 80°C, being added after filtration, the resulting syrup being then cooled to 40°C and poured in previously sterilized and tight-closed bottles which are labelled, mentioning the product name and the validity term.
Patent RO-120194-B1 (RO)
Title: Process for preparing high purity 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1(2h)-naphthalene-1-one
Inventor: KOTAY NAGY PETER
IPC: C07C49/697
Filed: 1997-10-08
Abstract: Process for preparing high purity 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalene-1-one with the formula I, by the reaction between o-dichloro-benzene and alpha-naphthol, in a solvent as reaction medium, in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, which comprises the crystallization of the raw reaction product, with the formula I, at least once, from a polar solvent and at least once, from a non-polar solvent, the mentioned crystallization stages may be carried out in an optional succession, and the quantity of 4-(2,3-dichloro-phenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalen-1-one product, with the formula II, is reduced to a proportion less than 1%. The compound with the formula I is a useful pharmaceutical intermediate. The advantage of this process is represented by the fact that there is obtained the desired compound, in a high purity form.
Patent RO-118816-B1 (RO)
Title: Rubber closing slide gate
Inventor: DÂRLĂU CONSTANTIN
IPC: F16K3/314
Filed: 1999-10-25
Abstract: The invention relates to a rubber closing slide gate meant for water supplying distribution urban networks for irrigation and for supplying other working fluids. According to the invention, the valve comprises a slide (2) having a rubber jacket (7), said slide (2) being provided on each front side (f) with some upper sealing surfaces (j) in the shape of an annular circular sector, with some sides (k) tangent to a predetermined angle (alpha) crossing some surfaces (r) tangent to a cylindrical flow area (a), a radial sealing lip (o) located on a circular arc having the same radius as the radius of the flow area, in a lateral extension said lip having a linear edge at a predetermined angle (beta), over the crossing area on lateral sides there being provided some pockets (w) each having four edges (z) on the square outline, some recesses (x), wherein the rubber jacket (7) is thicker in order to avoid the collapsing of the pockets (w), being provided under said pockets (w).
Patent WO-0183012-B1 (WO)
Title: Sac reservoir a couches minces soudees pour circuit respiratoire et son procede de fabrication
Inventor: SHAH TILAK M
IPC: B29C67/00
Filed: 2001-05-01
Abstract: Sac (100) de dimension pulmonaire constitué par un matériau autre que du latex et consistant en un sac (102) comportant des panneaux de couches minces de résine (202, 204) soudées les unes aux autres le long d'une ligne de soudure (206) définissant un joint (104) du corps du sac délimitant un volume intérieur (112) et une partie joint extérieur au niveau d'une surface extérieure (120) du sac. L'une de la partie joint intérieur et de la partie joint extérieur comprend les bords libres du joint (216, 218) et l'autre de ces parties est dépourvue de bords libres. On peut fabriquer ce sac au moyen de différentes techniques, y compris soudage haute fréquence, réchauffement par impulsions, collage au solvant, et on l'utilise avantageusement dans un circuit respiratoire afin de remplacer les sacs respiratoires en latex.
Patent WO-03054429-B1 (WO)
Title: Plastic pipe and duct joint connections
Inventor: SHEA LAWRENCE E
IPC: F16L13/10
Filed: 2001-11-13
Abstract: The invention relates to a joint assembly for connecting together fiberglass cylindrical pipe and duct sections (1) up to about one hundred and twenty inches in diameter. An internal tubular slip collar (5) fits into opposing sections joining the section end to end. An external tubular slip collar (12) is mounted over the joined sections (1) encircling their exterior surfaces. A non-volatile epoxy adhesive (11) secures the mating surfaces forming a double adhesive sealed and three level joint.
Patent WO-2004049523-B1 (WO)
Title: Pompage optique hors pointe d'orthovanadate d'yttrium
Inventor: BUTTERWORTH STUART DAVID
IPC: H01S3/0941
Filed: 2003-11-03
Abstract: L'invention concerne un laser comprenant un cristal Nd:YVO4 pompé longitudinalement au moyen d'une lumière de laser à diode possédant une longueur d'onde à laquelle le coefficient d'absorption pour Nd:YVO4 est inférieur à environ 0,35 (35 %) de l'absorption du coefficient à 808 nm.
Patent AT-507009-B1 (AT)
Title: Zylinderkopf
Inventor: HIRSCHBERGER THOMAS ING
IPC: F01P3/02
Filed: 2009-07-03
Granted: 2010-12-15
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf (1) mit zumindest einem Kühlmantel für eine Brennkraftmaschine. Eine sichere und platzsparende Querung von Kühlmittel von einer Längsseite zur anderen Längsseite kann ermöglicht werden, wenn der Zylinderkopf (1) zumindest eine vom Kühlmantel getrennte integrierte Kühlmittelquerungsleiste (5) mit einer Eintrittsöffnung (7) und einer Austrittsöffnung (8) aufweist, wobei Eintritts- und Austrittsöffnung (7, 8) auf unterschiedlichen Zylinderkopflängsseiten (12, 13) einer zumindest eine Zylinderachse beinhaltenden Zylinderkopflängsebene (11) angeordnet sind.
Patent AT-513497-B1 (AT)
Title: Sensor für Verschleiß an einer Arbeitsfläche
Inventor: JAROLIM MICHAEL DIPL ING
IPC: B02C7/02
Filed: 2012-10-29
Granted: 2014-05-15
Abstract: Ein Bauteil (1, 2) einer Vorrichtung, der eine Arbeitsfläche (7) aufweist,die einem Verschleiß unterliegt, und der wenigstens einen Sensor ( 11, 11a,11b) aufweist, mit dem der Verschleiß erfasst werden kann, weist wenigstenseinen elektrischen Leiter (13, 20) auf, der einen Abschnitt (14), der ander Arbeitsfläche (7) angeordnet ist, und Anschlüsse (18, 19) zum Verbindenmit einer Einrichtung (24) zum kontinuierlichen Erfassen des elektrischenWiderstandes aufweist.
Patent AT-508734-B1 (AT)
Title: Vorrichtung zur sanierung einer hausanschlussleitung
Inventor: MACK HANS
IPC: F16L55/179
Filed: 2010-07-20
Granted: 2014-04-15
Abstract: Eine Vorrichtung zur Sanierung einer im Inneren eines Gebäudesendenden Hausanschlussleitung weist eine Rohrleitung zummindestens teilweisen Einführen in die Hausanschlussleitungauf. Des weiteren ist eine Abdeckeinheit vorgesehen, die aufder Rohrleitung geführt ist und sich innen an einem Mauerwerkdes Gebäudes abstützt. An einem innenseitigen Ende der Rohrleitungist eine Armatur angeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß ist dieAbdeckeinheit über ein Kugelgelenk auf der Rohrleitung verschwenkbargeführt.
Patent AT-504104-B1 (AT)
Title: Method for treatment of calcium containing solids, involves exposing solid for treatment of as mixture, which contains reactive gas or reactive gas mixture or reactive aerosol compared with solid
Inventor: KOCH MICHAEL
IPC: B01D53/40
Filed: 2006-12-07
Granted: 2008-03-15
Abstract: The method involves exposing the solid for treatment of a gas mixture, which contains a reactive gas or a reactive gas mixture, contains a hydrochloric acid, or nitrogen dioxide or hydrogen fluoride contain, or a reactive aerosol compared with the solid, by forming a solid reaction product. The reaction product is thermo-dynamically less stable than the solid, which is formed with the separation of the waste gas part by the calcium containing solid. The calcium containing solid has calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide, or calcium carbonate or mixture.
Patent AT-517333-B1 (AT)
Title: Ladewagen
IPC: A01D90/02
Filed: 2015-08-13
Granted: 2017-01-15
Abstract: Ein Ladewagen weist am Heck eine Aufnahmeeinrichtung (4) mit einem Gehäuse (26) und eine Fördereinrichtung (3) auf. An die an Schwenkarmen (13) gehaltene Aufnahmeeinrichtung (4) schließt ein Förderkanal (7) an, der eine für das aufzunehmende Gut vorgesehene Leitwand (6) aufweist, welche einerseits mit dem Gehäuse (26) der Aufnahmeeinrichtung (4) oder mit den Schwenkarmen (13) gelenkig verbunden ist und andererseits mit dem Ladewagen in Verbindung steht. Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Steuerung vorgesehen, die den Abstand (20) der Leitwand (6) von der Fördereinrichtung (3) im Wesentlichen konstant hält. Zu diesem Zweck kann die Leitwand (6) mit dem Gehäuse (26) in dessen oberen Bereich gelenkig verbunden und das Gehäuse (26) der Aufnahmeeinrichtung (4) bezüglich der Schwenkarme (13) drehbar sein, wobei die Steuerung eine Drehung des Gehäuses (26) bewirkt, um die durch die Schwenkarme bedingten Abstandsänderungen zu kompensieren. Die Steuerung kann durch zwei Lenker (23, 24) realisiert werden, deren verbindende Achse (22) in einer Führung (21) geführt ist und deren anderes Ende an einem der Schwenkarme (13) bzw. am Gehäuse (26) angelenkt ist.
Patent AT-516396-B1 (AT)
Title: Adaptiver pfc für leuchtmittel-lastkreis, insbesondere lastkreis mit led
IPC: H05B37/02
Filed: 2009-11-13
Granted: 2016-05-15
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer aktiv getakteten PFC-Schaltung mit direkt oder indirekt angeschlossenem Lastkreis am Ausgang der PFC-Schaltung, wobei der Lastkreis ein Leuchtmittel, insbesondere eine oder mehrere LEDs aufweist, wobei der PFC-Schaltung wenigstens ein die Leistungsaufnahme des Lastkreises wiedergebendes Messignal oder ein die Leistungsaufnahme angebendes externes Steuersignal zugeführt wird, und eine Steuerschaltung kontinuierlich oder vorzugweise in zwei oder mehr Stufen die Betriebsweise der PFC-Schaltung abhängig von dem Steuersignal bzw. Messignal einstellt.
Patent BG-64506-B1 (BG)
Title: Heteroaryl succinamides and their application as inhibitors of metalloproteinase
Inventor: BENDER STEVEN
IPC: A61K31/00
Filed: 1999-05-20
Abstract: The invention relates to a compound with the formula where the meanings of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, X, Y, and Ia are listed in the description. The compounds are used for the inhibition of the activity of metalloproteinase by reaction between the metalloproteinase and an effective quantity of the compounds in accordance with the invention.
Patent BG-65047-B1 (BG)
Title: Substituted benzimidazoles and their use as parp inhibitors
Inventor: LUBISCH WILFRIED
IPC: A61K/
Filed: 2001-06-13
Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of general formula wherein R1 and R4 are hydrogen or defined substituents. A is a saturated or monoethenoid heterocyclic ring with 4 to 8 members which contains one or two nitrogen atoms, wherein additionally one oxygen or sulfur atom can be present. Said ring can be further substituted. The invention also relates to their tautomer forms, possible enantiomer and diastereomer forms, their prodrugs, as well as possible physiologically acceptable salts. The invention also relates to the use of said compounds for treating diseases related to a pathologically increased activity of PARP.
Patent BG-66517-B1 (BG)
Title: Inhibitor of endogenous human interferon - gamma
Inventor: IVANOV IVAN
IPC: C12N15/62
Filed: 2008-04-08
Abstract: The invention relates to inhibitor of the endogenous human gamma interferon (hIFN-gamma) applicable in the case of autoimmune diseases and the use of allotransplants. The inhibitor represents genetically modified variants of hIFN-gamma, where point mutations are introduced into the IFN-gamma gene that lead to replacement of the amino acids in positions 86, 87 and 88 in the area participating in the signal transduction.
Patent CH-708092-B1 (CH)
Title: Trägervorrichtung für Photovoltaik- oder Solarkollektormodul.
Inventor: STEFAN EGLI
IPC: H02S20/20
Filed: 2013-05-27
Abstract: Die vorliegende Erfindung schlägt eine Trägervorrichtung (1) für mindestens ein Photovoltaik- oder Solarkollektormodul, insbesondere zur Anordnung auf einem Flachdach vor. Die Trägervorrichtung (1) umfasst einen Boden (3) und zwei einander gegenüberliegend angeordnete Wände (41, 42), wobei beide Wände (41, 42) an ihrer Oberkante je ein abgewinkeltes Profil (51, 52) aufweisen, derart dass die beiden abgewinkelten Profile (51, 52) zusammen eine ebene, zum Boden hin geneigte Auflage- bzw. Montagegelegenheit für das mindestens eine Photovoltaik- oder Solarkollektormodul (2) bilden, und wobei die Trägervorrichtung (1) einteilig ausgeführt ist. Die Trägervorrichtung (1) ist vorzugsweise aus einem rechteckigen Aluminiumblech durch Biegeformung herstellbar, insbesondere durch Ausführen von vier Biegekanten (61, 62, 63, 64).
Patent CH-702473-B1 (CH)
Inventor: FREI SIMON ANDREAS
IPC: D05C9/22
Filed: 2010-11-26
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Einstellung der Wagenweite an einer Stickmaschine bestehend aus einer hubgesteuerten Verschiebeeinheit (18) der Stichplatte in Richtung zur Längsachse der Sticknadeln. Die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der mechanischen Verbindungskette für den Antrieb der horizontalen Verschiebeeinheit (18) für die Verschiebung der Stichplatten (Einstellung der Wagenweite) ein Einstellmittel (31, 37) angeordnet ist, das eine stufenlose Verschiebung eines Anschlags (34) bewirkt und den Hub der Verschiebeeinheit der Stichplatte festlegt.
Patent EP-1077100-B1 (EP)
Inventor: NAGAYA HIDEHIKO
IPC: B23C5/10
Filed: 2000-06-08
Granted: 2005-02-23
Abstract: One type of tip is used, outer-peripheral-side corner cutting edges of front cutting edges are projected, and rotation paths of outer peripheral cutting edges are overlapped by a plurality of tips.  A tip 1 is formed in substantially the shape of a rectangular plate, and two pairs of cutting edges in an upper surface 3 which are not parallel to each other are defined as a first and a second short cutting edges 6 and 7 and defined as a first and a second long cutting edges 8 and 9. Each of corner angles of two corner cutting edges 10 and 12 sandwiching the first short cutting edge 6 is set to 90 DEG or less, a corner angle of another corner cutting edge 11 is set to 90 DEG  or less, and a corner angle of a corner cutting edge 13 is set to an obtuse angle. The second long cutting edge 9 in one of the same two tips 1 and 1 projecting toward the distal end of a tool body 21 is defined as a front cutting edge and the first short cutting edge 6 is defined as an outer peripheral cutting edge, the first short cutting edge 6 in the other one of the tips 1 is defined as a front cutting edge and the first long cutting edge 8 is defined as an outer peripheral cutting edge, and the corner cutting edges 10 and 12 sandwiched by these cutting edges are projected toward the outer periphery.  <IMAGE>
Patent EP-1075892-B1 (EP)
Inventor: BOSCH FRANK
IPC: B23K31/12
Filed: 2000-08-03
Granted: 2006-05-24
Abstract: The method involves detecting the temp. of a measurement region with a fixed geometric relationship to the weld point using a first pyrometer (Py2), simultaneously measuring the temp. of measurement regions (6,7) on both sides of the weld seam (3), with a fixed relationship to the weld seam and influenced by the welding heat with further pyrometers (Py1, Py3) and detecting faults by comparison with desired values and temp. characteristics for sound seams. An Independent claim is also included for a measurement arrangement for on-line testing of quality of rolled weld seams for joined sheets.
Patent EP-1188930-B1 (EP)
Inventor: CLAUSSEN ERNST
IPC: F04D29/42
Filed: 2000-09-14
Granted: 2004-04-07
Abstract: The fan housing (11) is connected to an air guide assembly (17) in which an air duct (19) connected on the pressure side to the fan casing and having an outlet opening (20) on the outlet side is connectable through an adjustable opening to an air duct (22) attached on the suction side to the fan casing and having an inlet opening (23) on the inlet side so that a part of the air stream on the pressure side can be supplied to the air stream on the suction side. The opening between the air ducts can be adjusted by an adjustable air flap.
Patent EP-1204164-B1 (EP)
Inventor: ETTLIN JOSEF
IPC: H01R4/48
Filed: 2000-11-02
Granted: 2004-03-17
Abstract: The termination clamping device (1) has at least one spring with at least one termination clamping spring arm (7) received in a holder (2), having a contact arm (8) cooperating with a retaining part (5) of the holder, with an inserted conductor clamped between them. The holder allows access to the contact arm on either side of the retaining region, allowing it to be engaged from outside on both sides of the retaining part. An Independent claim for an electrical apparatus with a screwless termination clamping device is also included.
Patent EP-1099793-B1 (EP)
Inventor: HUOVILA JYRKI
IPC: D21F1/06
Filed: 1994-06-30
Granted: 2006-08-02
Abstract: The invention concerns a method and a device in the recgulation of the headbox of a paper/board machine. The headbox comprises a pulp inlet header (10), after the pulp inlet header (10), seen in the pulp flow direction, a distributor manifold (11), whose pipes (11a1.1, 11a1.2 ...) are opened into an intermediate chamber (12), an attenuation chamber (17) placed in connection with the intermediate chamber (12) and, after the intermediate chamber (12), a turbulence generator (13) whose tubes (13a1.1, 13a1.2..., 13a2.1, 13a2.2...)are opened at their outlet end, into the discharge duct (14) and, at their inlet end, into the intermediate chamber (12). A pulp suspension flow (Q4.1, Q4.2...Q4.n) is introduced into different positions along the width of the headbox into the discharge duct (14), whose concentration is adjustable by means of combining two component flows (Q1, Q3). In the regulation of the concentration of the flow (Q4.1, Q4.2...Q4.n), the two component flows (Q1, Q3) are combined by introducing a dilution liquid flow (Q1.1, Q1.2...Q1.n) into the pulp suspension flow (Q3.1, Q3.2...Q3.n), wherein the mixing ratio of the combined flow is regulated by adjusting said dilution liquid flow (Q1.1, Q1.2...Q1.n). <IMAGE>   <IMAGE>   <IMAGE>   <IMAGE>   <IMAGE>
Patent EP-1029895-B1 (EP)
Inventor: VERDIER ANTHONY STEPHAN
IPC: C04B35/634
Filed: 2000-02-15
Granted: 2007-07-18
Abstract: The invention relates to a binder system, characterized in that the binder system consists of: (a) 30 to 95 per cent by weight of a water-soluble polyethylene glycol (PEG), and (b) 70 to 5 per cent by weight of a polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The invention also relates to a method for producing a product by means of PIM or powder extrusion using the binder system according to the invention, in which, in order to remove the binder system from a green product, firstly at least 70% of the PEG is removed by means of a solvent which substantially comprises water, and holding the product at a temperature in a range from 10 to 40 DEG C for 8 to 100 hours.
Patent EP-1183958-B1 (EP)
Inventor: MEYRAT CLEMENT
IPC: A44C5/20
Filed: 2000-08-31
Granted: 2006-04-05
Abstract: The bracelet fastener consists of a male (2) and a female (4) component, engaged by inserting the male component into the female one until catches (36) on the tips of flexible prongs (38) on the male component engage with matching notches (34) in the female one. The fastener is disengaged by applying further pressure to the male component in the same direction, causing the catches to separate from the notches and allow the male component to be withdrawn. The components of the fastener can be incorporated in a box-shaped housing.
Patent EP-1046418-B1 (EP)
Inventor: LABASQUE JACQUES
IPC: B01D53/02
Filed: 2000-02-10
Granted: 2002-08-14
Abstract: A new adsorbent for separating gases contains particles of a zeolite with an Si/Al ratio less than or equal to 5, chosen fro or A type zeolites. The zeolite has a kinetic coefficient ak 0.5 s<-1> and an intrinsic resistance  alpha  such 0.10  alpha  2. An Independent claim is also included for a PSA (pressure swing adsorption) process for separating gas components of differ absorbability, using the zeolite (which may additionally be of the Y type).
Patent EP-1171940-B1 (EP)
Title: Disk motor
Inventor: NOBLE ERNEST JOHN
IPC: H02K21/24
Filed: 2000-03-23
Granted: 2005-05-04
Abstract: A discoidal brushless DC motor having a stator (507) carrying windings (503) arranged in slots which radiate out from the center of the stator to the periphery. The depth of each slot increases towards the center of the stator. The slot, therefore, is wider (from side to side) and shallower towards the periphery of the stator, and narrower (from side to side) and deeper towards the center of the stator. This arrangement ensures that the windings are contained below the surface (504) of the stator (507). The magnetic circuit includes a backing of a ferromagnetic material (509). This ferromagnetic material (509) can be a watch spring core made from a long strip of soft iron tape.