baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1465225-A (GB)
Title: Analogue-to-digital conversion apparatus
IPC: H03M1/00
Filed: 1975-09-30
Abstract: 1465225 Analogue - to - digital conversion ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL CORP 30 Sept 1975 [18 Nov 1974] 40005/75 Heading H3H In an A-to-D converter a reference current Ip is switched to a summing point, to be summed with input current I A  the sum being integrated, or is dumped by a switching circuit 49 dependent on a clocked flip-flop 51 receiving an up/ down signal from comparator 77 where the integrated voltage is compared with a triangle waveform. In the embodiment, for a bipolar input, input I A , bias I B  and reference I P  are summed and integrated through an inverting input of amplifier 57. Comparator 77 takes V O  and a triangle waveform and gives an up signal when V O  is greater. On the next clock pulse after a signal change outputs Q, Q of flip-flop 51 copy and F.E.T.'s 45, 47 dump the reference if Q is up. Q also passes to clocked AND gates where complementary bursts of pulses are passed to a counter or computing device. In a modification (Fig. 4, not shown) the AND gates are replaced by a flip-flop receiving a first clock pulse to copy flip-flop 51 and a second asynchronous pulse to produce output pulses.
Patent GB-1239796-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in brewing processes and by-products
Inventor: POOL ALAN ALDRED
IPC: C12F3/06
Filed: 1968-08-21
Abstract: 1,239,796. Malt extracts; cattle food; treating grain. A. A. POOL and J. R. A. POLLOCK. 15 Aug., 1969 [21 Aug., 1968], No. 40006/68. Headings A2B and A2Q. [Also in Division C6]  An aqueous slurry of spent grains obtained in the production of soluble extract from cereal grains (mashing) is treated with acid, alkali or proteolytic enzyme at such a temperature and for such a time as to produce a mixture of separable solids and an aqueous solution of amino acids and proteinaceous material. The mixture may be returned for further mashing. Alternatively, the solution may be incorporated into the wort produced by the mashing, before, during or after fermentation thereof to produce beer or spirit, or it may be used in food or medicinal products e.g. malt extract, as such or after spray-drying. The separated solids are taken for cattle feeding. The treatment may involve maintaining in the aqueous slurry a 1-10% solution of hydrochloric or sulphuric acids or a 1-5% solution of sodium hydroxide (based on the water present) at temperatures ranging from room temperature up to 85‹C. for 7 days to 2 hours, the temperature and time being determined empirically within these limits and being inversely related. After the treatment, the slurry may be neutralized with alkali or acid. Alternatively, proteolytic enzymes, such as papain, bromelin, ficin, or a bacterial or fungal protease, may be applied as a solution of 0.001-0.02% concentration at temperatures of 35‹-65‹C. for residence times between 2 days and 3 hours.
Patent GB-1070700-A (GB)
Title: Asbestos-slag cement products and their manufacture
IPC: C04B28/26
Filed: 1964-10-02
Abstract: 1,070,700. Asbestos-cement board; board-making. JOHNS-MANVILLE CORPORATION Oct. 2, 1964 [Dec. 24, 1963], No. 40096/64. Headings D2A and D2B. [Also in Division F2] Asbestos-cement products are made from a dilute aqueous slurry containing asbestos fibre and hydraulic cement, of which at least part is a slag cement, by forming a single thin wet sheet of slurry solids on a moving member, applying an aqueous solution of sodium silicate to the wet sheet, removing the sheet from the moving member, superposing several layers of the sheet, and consolidating and curing the laminated structure. The slurry may also contain silica. The slag cement is an artificial cement made by chilling blast-furnace slag, grinding it and adding an alkaline activator such as lime or Portland cement. As shown, a cylinder mould 2 rotates in a vat 1 of slurry. The thin sheet 3 formed on the cylinder is transferred to the felt 4 and a spray device 6 sprays sodium silicate solution on to it. Water is removed by the suction box 7 and the wet sheet wound on the forming roll 5 and consolidated by pressure from the press roll 8. The specification also describes, by way of comparison, the making of products which are similar but have in place of the sodium silicate one of the following: calcium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, or in which the cement used is wholly Portland cement.
Patent GB-1142745-A (GB)
Title: Electrical machining apparatus
IPC: B23Q1/58
Filed: 1966-09-08
Abstract: 1,142,745. Electro-erosion. GENERAL MOTORS CORP. 8 Sept., 1966 [15 Nov., 1965], No. 40177/66. Heading B3V. [Also in Division C7] Apparatus for electro-eroding a workpiece 18 by power supplied to a gap between the workpiece used as one electrode and an electrode tool 20, comprises a base 10 supporting one electrode, spaced apart posts 24 slidable relatively to the base and carrying a ram 22 which supports the other electrode, and drive means 50 for moving the posts and ram relatively to the base. The machining may be electrochemical or as described is electro-erosion wherein the workpiece is immersed in a dielectric bath 16. The ram 22 is locked in position on the four posts 24, Fig. 2 (not shown), by C-clamps 28 which can be fitted in alternative notches 30 in the posts. The ram is adjusted on the posts by lead screws 66 driven by a motor 60. The ram also carries grooved rollers 54 and plain rollers 56 engaging circular guide rods 58 in columns 57. For moving the electrode tool 20 during machining, the posts 24 are connected at 44 to pivoted levers 34, 36 engaged by the rod 52 of a fluid pressure motor 50 supplied by a pump 82 controlled by a gap spacing control system 76 which compares the gap voltage with a reference voltage at source 78. Piston-rod 52 may carry a roller. The latter is adjustable for retracting the tool. A machining power supply 74 is connected across the gap between the electrode tool and workpiece.
Patent GB-867123-A (GB)
Title: Manual operating means for piston operated valves
IPC: F16K31/143
Filed: 1958-12-15
Abstract: 867,123. Valves. ACF INDUSTRIES Inc. Dec. 15, 1958 [Dec. 18, 1957], No. 40306/58. Class 135. In a rising stem valve comprising a piston- and-cylinder operator and manual operating means including screw-threaded engagement between the valve stem and the rod of the operator, means are provided to resist movement of the operator rod toward the valve housing, whereby on rotation of the operator rod, the valve stem may be moved relatively to the operator rod to effect manual positioning of the valve closure member. As shown in Fig. 1, a two-part valve gate 26 is movable between removable seat members 22, 24 in a valve housing 10. The valve stem 30 is screw-threadedly attached to the rod 50 of the piston 46 of a piston-and-cylinder actuator 12 and, as shown, pressure liquid admitted above the piston moves the valve gate to its open position and compresses a spring 58. In the event of failure in pressure liquid supply the valve automati. cally " fails-safe " in its closed position under the action of the spring 58 whence the piston 46 moves to abut the top cylinder cover. To reopen the valve prior to the restoration of the pressure liquid supply the hand wheel 56 may be rotated and since the rod 50 and piston 46 are held against further upward movement the valve stem 30 moves downwardly to open the valve. The port through the valve gate may be sited in the lower part of the gate in which case the valve is closed by the pressure liquid and opened by the spring. In another embodiment, the spring 58 is omitted and pressure liquid is admitted to above and below the piston to both open and close the valve. The rod 50 is replaced by a rod 51, Fig. 4, having a screw-threaded extension 53 engageable with a nut 65 securing a hand wheel 59 on the rod 51. If, on failure of pressure liquid supply, it is necessary to operate the valve, the hand wheel 59 is rotated to disengage the rod 51 from the stem 30 and raise the piston 46 into abutment with the top cover. The hand wheel 59 is then reversed and locked in its new position by the nut 65 (see Fig. 5), whence further rotation of the hand wheel raises the stem 30 and hence the valve member. Specification 390,711 is referred to.
Patent GB-936244-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in interferometers
IPC: G01N21/45
Filed: 1959-11-27
Abstract: 936,244. Interferometers. CARL ZEISS-STIFTUNG, [trading as C. ZEISS [Firm of]]. Nov. 27, 1959 [Dec. 6, 1958], No. 40324/59. Class 40 (3). [Also in Group XX] In an interferometer in which displacement of the fringe system is compensated by photoelectrically controlled optical elements, auxiliary chambers are provided to effect a coarse adjustment. Light from source 1, Fig. 1, passes through double slit 3 to form parallel beams 6, 7. Beams 6, 7 are amplitude divided at a semi-reflecting surface 19 to pass through chambers 12, 13 and 10, 11, respectively. They are reflected from mirrors 14, 15 and form fringes on recombination at the surface 19. Chambers 10, 11 are longer than chambers 12, 13, and changes in gas concentration in chambers 11, 13 displaces the fringes associated with the former several fringe widths whilst those with the latter move less than half a fringe width. Each fringe pattern is viewed through a double slit and an amplifier gives an output proportional to the difference of two associated slits. Amplifiers 29, 30 associated with the coarse and fine fringe systems, respectively, give outputs which vary with fringe displacement x as 32 and 33 in Fig. 5. Their sum, 35, controls compensators 94, 96 through motor 34 which also drives recorder 38. In modifications there may be more than one pair of auxiliary chambers, the coarse adjustment taking place in stages, or the chambers 12, 13 may be the same length as chambers 10, 11, but contain test gas at a predetermined reduced concentration. Amplifiers 29, 30 may feed relay means 50, Fig. 6, which selects the output from amplifier 29 and high gear ratio 52 until said output falls below a predetermined value when it selects output from amplifier 30 and low gear ratio 53.
Patent GB-1072416-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical capacitor and dielectric material therefor
IPC: H01G4/22
Filed: 1964-10-05
Abstract: 1,072,416. Capacitors. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Oct. 5, 1964 [Nov. 18, 1963], No. 40437/64. Heading H1M. A roll capacitor is enclosed in a casing containing an impregnating halogenated aromatic dielectric liquid, e.g. trichlordiphenyl, containing dipentene dioxide. Electrode foils of e.g. aluminium are convolufcely wound with a porous dielectric, e.g. kraft paper, or a pair of dielectric foils of e.g. cellulose paper or plastic material having conductive coatings of e.g. tin, silver, copper, aluminium, lead, zinc, or carbon, applied e.g. by sputtering, dipping, painting, chemical deposition or vacuum evaporation; are convolutely wound together. Terminal leads are connected directly to the foil electrodes, or by metal spraying or soldering to the ends of the roll of metallized dielectric material.
Patent GB-1005357-A (GB)
Title: Bridge type filter network
IPC: H03H7/01
Filed: 1962-10-26
Abstract: 1,005,357. Electrical filter networks. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Oct. 26, 1962 [Oct. 27, 1961], No. 40616/62. Heading H3U. Bridge-type filter network comprises four reactances in a serial loop, three being of the same type and the fourth being a reactive dipole exhibiting at least one resonance and at least one antiresonance frequency and at high frequency the reactive dipole being of the same type as at low frequency. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 7 the reactances aZ, bZ and cZ are capacitances where b is the geometric mean between a and c, and the fourth reactance yZ is constituted by one or more crystals in combination with one or more capacitances, Z being the normalized impedance. The pair of reactances aZ and bZ are connected between terminals 1 and 2 as are also the pair of reactances cZ and yZ, and the junctions between the two reactances of a pair of reactances are connected to terminals 3 and 4, respectively. The arrangement shown in Fig. 7 is such that the band-pass filter sections exhibit an infinite attenuation pole in the upper stopband. The arrangement shown in Fig. 9, incorporating reactances aY, bY, cY and yY, where Y is the normalized admittance, is used if an infinite attenuation pole is required in the lower stop-band. The filter networks referred to above are the equivalents of various networks discussed in the Specification.
Patent GB-1027742-A (GB)
Title: Silver complex diffusion transfer process
IPC: G03C8/24
Filed: 1962-10-29
Abstract: 1,027,742. Photographic diffusion transfer process. GEVAERT PHOTO-PRODUCTEN N.V. Oct. 29, 1962 [June 27, 1962], No. 40873/62. Heading G2C. In silver halide diffusion transfer processes wherein the receiving and emulsion layers are on the same support but the emulsion layer is subsequently removed by a flexible stripping sheet one or more of the compounds necessary to the formation of the diffusion transfer image is incorporated in or applied to the flexible sheet before it is contacted with the image-wide exposed material in the presence of an aqueous processing liquid. The remainder of the compounds may be present in the sensitive material or the processing liquid. The sensitive material may contain an intermediate layer to facilitate stripping of the emulsion layer by the flexible sheet. The aqueous processing liquid may be in a treating bath or may merely be used to moisten either the sensitive material or the flexible sheet before they are pressed together.
Patent GB-1486316-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for measuring the temperature of road metal
IPC: G01J5/52
Filed: 1974-09-19
Abstract: 1486316 Photo-electric temperature warning CENTRE DE PIECMERCHES ROUTIERES 19 Sept 1974 [19 Sept 1973] 40940/74 Heading G1A Apparatus for indicating a road surface temperature comprises a non-contacting sensor for providing a temperature-dependent electrical signal, and multi-vibrator-driven warning means energized when the sensed temperature is at or below a predetermined value. An infrared pyrometer 1 shielded from extraneous radiations is connected to a measuring unit 2 comprising an amplifier 21, powered by a voltage stabilizer 23, driving a calibrated display 24. The amplifier 21 output is further applied to a first input I of a level detector 31 comprising an amplifier 311 which compares the temperature signal with a threshold signal adjustable by a variable resistor 312. The threshold may, for example, represent a maximum temperature at which a hydrocarbon paving material can be compacted. A transistor 313, turned on by an output signal from the comparator 311 when the measured temperature is at or below the reference temperature, energizes a relay coil 314 which closes contacts A 1 , A 2  to supply a warning control circuit 32. A multivibrator 321, switched on by the contacts A 1 , A 2 , intermittently energizes a relay coil 322, closing contacts B 1 , B 2  to a warning device 313 so as to flash a lamp 331 and sound a warning bell 332. A plurality of level detectors 31 and warning arrangements 32, 33, each with a threshold independently adjustable by a respective variable resistor 312, may be arranged to respond to a single amplifier 21.
Patent GB-1062207-A (GB)
Title: Teleprinter line circuit
Filed: 1965-09-28
Abstract: 1,062,207. Telegraphy. INSTITUT ZA AUTOMATIKU I TELEKOMUNIKACIJE "MIHAJLO PUPIN." Sept. 28, 1965 [Oct. 13, 1964], No. 41125/65. Heading H4P. A repeater comprises an astable transistor circuit controlled by a transistor trigger fed by telegraph pulses. The astable circuit is connected to a transformer whose output, after full wave rectification, feeds a transistor switch connected to the output line.
Patent GB-926836-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sealing devices in semi-rotary fluid-pressure devices
Inventor: RUMSEY ROLLIN DOUGLAS
IPC: F16J15/32
Filed: 1961-11-17
Abstract: 926,836. Oscillating vane hydraulic actuators and dampers. HOUDAILLE INDUSTRIES Inc. Nov. 17, 1961, No. 41271/61. Class 110 (2). Seals inserted in slots 31, 47 extending along fixed and oscillatory vanes 29 and 25, 25<SP>1</SP> respectively of a fluid pressure device 10, each comprise a spacer block 41, a resilient e.g. rubber 0-ring 40, 49 respectively and a non- metallic e.g. Nylonor " Teflon " (Registered Trade Mark) members 35, 46 respectively stiffer than the 0-ring, and check valved passages 43, 51 are respectively provided to pressurize the O- rings and maintain the members 35, 46 in sealing engagement with the shaft 13 and the wall 12 respectively. The vane 25<SP>1</SP> has on each side a passage 80 having a chamber 81 with a check valve 83 therein, which passages respectively open to working chambers 26, 27. The passages 80 register respectively with an inlet passage 84 or 87 when the vane is in one or other of its extreme positions and prevent locking of the vanes 25, 25<SP>1</SP> near the ends of their travel. The working chambers 26, 27 are interconnected in pairs by passages 28 and 32. Each fixed vane 29 is formed by two spaced parts retained by screws 30. Members 15, 20 forming seals and bearings for the piston shaft 17, and incorporating annular seals 56, 71 respectively, are retained by an end closure nut 19 and a nut 22 respectively. An 0-ring seal 60, supported by an annular seal 59 is pressurized through a check valved passage 61 in the member 15 from the working chamber 27, and an outer 0-ring seal 66 thereon, supported by an annular seal 67, is vented to the working chamber 26 through a check valved passage 69. The member 20 has a similar sealing arrangement to prevent external leakage along a portion 23 of the shaft 13.
Patent GB-1303970-A (GB)
IPC: A01D43/10
Filed: 1970-01-30
Abstract: 1303970 Crop-curing machines BUCHERGUYER AG MASCHINENFABRIK 30 Jan 1970 [31 Jan 1969] 41507/72 Divided out of 1302844 Heading A1F Standing grass is cut by two cutting rotors 27 rotating about vertical axes in opposite senses so as to pass the cut crop to a beating drum 25 rotating about a vertical axis and co-operating with a vertical guide plate 32 terminating in a baffle 33 The beating drum 25 comprises beater bars 4 which may be straight or arranged in a herringbone pattern or be serrated, or the drum 25 may comprise co-axial discs joined by beater bars. Two knives 30 are hinged to the flange 29 of each rotor 27. The machine is slidingly supported on skids 28. The specification also contains all the description of the preferred embodiments of the parent Specification 1302844.
Patent GB-1438360-A (GB)
IPC: C01D1/30
Filed: 1973-09-04
Abstract: 1438360 Purification of sodium hydroxide AGENCY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 4 Sept 1973 [11 Sept 1972] 41532/73 Heading C1A Purified sodium hydroxide is prepared from caustic soda solutions containing sodium chloride by contacting with a liquid refrigerant insoluble in and non-reactive towards these solutions to cool them and crystallize the sodium hydroxide. Where potassium hydroxide is also present sodium hydroxide is first crystallized by cooling and removed then sodium chloride and hydroxide are crystallized by further cooling leaving potassium hydroxide in solution. The refrigerant may be Freon 12 (R.T.M.) or n-butane or iso-butane or a mixture of n-and iso-butane. The alkali solution may be cooled to not more than 15 C. so that 2NaOH.7H 2 O is crystallized. The vaporized refrigerant may be used to melt the sodium hydroxide crystals. The starting solution may be prepared by electrolysis using the diaphagm method from a brine solution or the concentrated solution left when fresh water is prepared from seawater.
Patent GB-963399-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for mixing liquid media and for separating one or more liquid components therefrom
IPC: B01F27/93
Filed: 1960-12-02
Abstract: In a contacting column washing takes place in vessel 1 and separating in vessel 2 which has stabilizing plates 21, 22 and 23. The liquids can be heated by means of a heat-transfer medium flowing through jacket 17 and coils 3. <PICT:0963399/C1/1>
Patent GB-1486632-A (GB)
Title: Connectors for optical glass fibres
IPC: G02B6/38
Filed: 1974-09-25
Abstract: 1486632 Light guides SIEMENS AG 25 Sept 1974 [28 Sept 1973] 41622/74 Heading G2J  A connector for joining two or more optical fibres 5, in section in Fig. 5, comprises two plane substrates 1, 2 of thermoplastic material, e.g. polymethyl-methacrylate, one at least of the substrates having one or more channels to accommodate the fibre(s). The substrates are held together in a clamp (8), see Fig. 1 (not shown), and a suitable liquid (13), Fig. 2 (not shown), may be located between the adjacent fibre ends. A channel may branch into two or more arms, Figs. 6 and 7 (not shown), or two parallel channels 20, 21 may terminate adjacent a third channel so that the fibre 17 lies centrally of the end-faces of fibres 18, 19, Fig. 8.
Patent GB-1361835-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for removing static charge from webs of material
IPC: H05F3/04
Filed: 1971-09-07
Abstract: 1361835 Discharging static electricity from webs of material KALLE AG 7 Sept 1971 [10 Sept 1970] 41661/71 Heading H1X A statically charged web of material is uniformly discharged to the extent of at least 99% of the original charge by bombardment, over the entire width of the web, under conditions having no deleterious effect on the said material, with charge carriers (i.e. gas ions and electrons) which are produced by a highfrequency A.C. voltage of 1 to 1000 Kcs/sec. and having a current intensity of between a few Á amp and several hundred Á amp/cm. of web width. Apparatus for performing the method in. cludes at least one corona wire having a thickness of less than 100 Á. Alternative wire arrangements described comprise:- a single wire mounted adjacent an earthed counter-electrode (Fig. 1, not shown); a plurality of wires secured by tensioning springs to a rectangular frame (Fig. 2, not shown) with additional transverse supporting strips, if necessary (Fig. 4, not shown) and an optional protective grid (Fig. 6, not shown); a single wire wound zig-zag around supports on a frame and tensioned by a single spring (Fig. 3, not shown); a plurality of tensioned wires staggered in relation to each other to enable the width of the web to be covered by shorter wires (Fig. 5, not shown). The wires may be mounted in channels of rectangular or semicircular cross-section in a protective member (Figs. 7 and 8, not shown) which may form a counter-electrode, a lining of synthetic film being fitted between the corona wires and the interior of the protective elements. In the arrangement shown the web 7 is passed over a roll consisting of rods 18 enclosing corona wires 5 which preferably rotate with the roll but may alternatively be stationary in which case they need only be provided along the looping arc of the web 7 (Fig. 10, not shown). A curved counter-electrode consists of a protective element 14 with a number of corona wires 5. An arrangement for discharging both sides of the web comprises four rolls with curved counterelectrodes arranged alternately on opposite sides (Fig. 11, not shown). The charge carriers are normally produced in air, but may be produced in an inert gas which may be heated.