Patent GB-1256277-A (GB)
Title: Data processing apparatus
IPC: G06F13/38
Filed: 1969-03-25
Abstract: 1,256,277. Electric digital calculating. BURROUGHS CORP. 25 March, 1969 [22 April, 1968], No. 15581/69. Heading G4A. In an on-line data communication system of the type wherein a central data processor communicates with a number of addressable remote data processors, each remote processor is divided into three sections, the first of which comprises a memory, an arithmetic unit, an input keyboard, and an output printer, the second, an information exchange control having a memory and operative to control the exchanges of information between the central processor and the remote processor, and the third, a data transmitter/receiver. Each remote processor may perform data processing off-line from the central data processor in accordance with instructions fed in through the input keyboard or with micro-programmes stored in the memory, and may also communicate on-line with the central processor when required. The remote processor; first section.-The main memory 34 comprises a rotatable magnetic disc having a number of read/write heads for data and/or programmes, and a number of read-only heads for micro-programmes. The information in the main memory is processed in the arithmetic unit, which includes an adder 61, a carry circuit 67, and an input selection network 60. Micro-programme instructions are sequentially withdrawn from the memory under the control of the reciroulating register 53 which functions as a counter. Each instruction is loaded into register 55, the output from which enables a control matrix 57, which, generates appropriate control signals for use in the processor in accordance with the contents of the register 55. Words in the memory 34 comprise a number of syllables and the carry mechanism 67 is used to generate signals to increment a syllable counter so that the next syllable or, where appropriate, word may be transferred to the register 55 each time the processor completes a predetermined number of micro-programme steps. Each processor may be provided with a magnetic tape or card reader as supplemental or alternative input devices. Timing is controlled within each remote processor by the device 59 which includes circuitry for generating the necessary logical levels to control the operation of various gates at times determined by a basic clock, which may comprise a timing track on the main memory disc. Each remote processor may operate online with the central processor, i.e. the two operating as one unit, or off-line, whereupon messages to be transmitted to or which have been received from the central processor are stored in the memory 71 in the second section of the remote processor. The appropriate action in respect of communication between the central and remote processors being subsequently taken when the first section becomes available, i.e. when the current off-line task has been completed, and in respect of communication between the remote and central processors being taken by the second section as described below. Second section; information exchange control.-The control section includes a magnetic disc memory 71 for storing data and a series of micro-programme instructions for controlling the manipulation of the data. A selection matrix 73 controls the accessing of the memory, selected micro-programme instructions being loaded into the control register 75. The register 75 controls a decode control matrix 77 which, in combination with the device 79, which comprises a number of flip-flops, generates signals for controlling inter-register transfers in accordance with clock signals received from the first section of the remote processor. When a message has been correctly received from the central processor and checked for parity, it is transferred into a portion of the memory 71, and a flag signal is set in the register 93 idicating that a message has been received. The flag register 93 is periodically interrogated by the first section and when it is found to contain a signal indicating that a message has been received the portion of the memory 71 containing the message is interrogated under micro-programme control via device 73, and the message is transferred via register 63 to a location in memory 34 in the first section designated by the contents of the micro-instruction register 55. The message from the central processor may be a polling message inquiring whether the addressed remote station has a message for the central processor, in which case the relevant data is transferred, together with appropriate instructions, from the memory 34 to the memory 71. The data is then assembled in the register 81 and transferred to the register 101 in the third section for transmission. The messages from the central processor may also be a selection message inquiring whether the selected remote station is ready to receive a message from the central processor. Should the remote station not be ready to receive a message, e.g. if it is being operated offline, the information exchange control responds by sending an appropriate "not ready" signal to the central processor. Alternatively a "ready" signal is sent and the resulting message from the central processor is received and transferred via memory 71 to memory 34. A full adder 87 is provided for manipulating and/or processing data. Third stage; data transmitter/receiver.-Transmissions are controlled by the state machine 107 in response to instructions from the information exchange control, the messages being assembled in buffer 101 at the word and character addresses designated by the information exchange control. The messages are read from the memory 71 via the register 81, and after assembly are transferred to the buffer 103 prior to transmission. Transmissions received from the central processor are fed into the buffer 103 and then into the register 101, each bit being stored in the character and bit location determined by two character counters. The character counters also serve, when signals are being received from the central processor, to indicate when the last character expected has been received, the contents of the register 101 then being automatically transferred to the register 81 and thence to the memory 71. Continuous parity checks are also made and a flag signal is set on correct receipt of a message. The received message stored in the register 81 is also compared with "messagetype" information received with the data and previously loaded into the register 83. The processor is therefore able to determine whether the received message was in fact addressed to it and what type of message should have been received. If the message is found to be incorrect but the address correct, a signal is sent to the central processor instructing it to repeat the transmission. If the message is found to be correct, a signal is transmittedto the central processor to that effect. Codes &c.-The United States of America Standard Code for Information Interchange is used and the Specification contains a detailed description of the way in which each of the operations is performed and of the various coded signals sent between the central and the remote processors. The memories 34 and 71 comprise respectively first and second separately addressable sections of a single magnetic disc data store and means are provided to prevent the second section of the remote processors gaining access to the memory 71 when the first section is interrogating the memory 34. Each micro-instruction may include a number of bits assigned to indicate the address of the next micro-instruction which is to be accessed.