Patent GB-980143-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the forming of metal articles
Inventor: HORBURY ERIC ANTHONY
IPC: B21D37/18
Filed: 1962-09-14
Abstract: In a process for forming metal, particularly for deep drawing sheet metal, the latter is sprayed with a mixture of an organophilic cation-modified clay and a volatile organic liquid vehicle which evaporates to leave a dry film of clay to act as a lubricant during the forming.  The clay is made as described in Specifications 904,880, 782,724, 664,830 and U.S.A. Specification 2,531,440 and may consist of a dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium montmorillonite, dodecylamine montmorillonite, or dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium hectorite.  The volatile organic vehicle may be aliphatic and alicyclic compounds such as ethyl alcohol, methyl acetate, butyl chloride, thrichloroethylene which may be mixed with acetone and cyclohexane, benzene, petroleum naphtha, n-amyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate and cyclo-hexanone, toluene, xylenes, monochlorobenzene, tetrahydroforforyl alcohol, acetonyl acetonate, butyl butyrate and benzyl alcohol. Two or more volatile vehicles may be used. Preferably the lubricant compositions also contain a non-volatile organic additive such as synthetic or natural resins and waxes, solid carboxylic acids and solid esters thereof, solid alcohols and glycerides, halogenated polynuclear compounds and drying and semi-drying oils.  More than one additive substance may be used. Preferably the mixture comprises 2-10 parts by weight of clay, 50-30 parts of volatile vehicle and 0-30 parts of additive.  The metal surfaces to be treated are first degreased by washing in paraffin and by a thrichlorethylene vapour process and any paint is removed by a stripper such as methylene chloride.  After deep drawing the articles are heat treated, cleaned and dried.  Many specific examples are given for the forming of alloy steels, nickel alloys and titanium alloys such as titanium copper alloy.ALSO:In a process for forming metal, particularly for deep drawing sheet metal, the latter is sprayed with a mixture of an organophilic cation-modified clay and a volatile organic liquid vehicle which evaporates to leave a dry film of clay to act as a lubricant during the forming.  The clay is made as described in Specifications 664,830, 782,724, 904,880 and U.S.A. Specification 2,531,440 and may consist of a dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium montmorillonite, dodecylamine montmorillonite, or dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium hectorite.  The volatile organic vehicle may be aliphatic and alicyclic compounds such as ethyl alcohol, methyl acetate, butyl chloride, trichloroethylene which may be mixed with acetone and cyclohexane, benzene, petroleum naphtha, n-amyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate and cyclohexanone, toluene, xylenes, monochlorobenzene, tetra-hydrofurfuryl alcohol, acetonyl acetonate, butyl butyrate and benzyl alcohol.  Two or more volatile vehicles may be used.  Preferably the lubricant compositions also contain a non-volatile organic additive such as synthetic or natural resins and waxes, solid carboxylic acids and solid esters thereof, solid alcohols and glycerides, halogenated polynuclear compounds and drying and semi-drying oils.  More than one additive substance may be used. Preferably the mixture comprises 2-10 parts by weight of clay, 50-30 parts of volatile vehicle and 0-30 parts of additive.  The metal surfaces to be treated are first degreased by washing in paraffin and by a trichlorethylene vapour process and any paint is removed by a stripper such as methylene chloride.  After deep drawing the articles are heat treated, cleaned and dried.  Many specific examples are given for the forming of alloy steels, nickel alloys and titanium alloys such as titanium copper alloy.