baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1502690-A (GB)
Title: Josephson junction storage cells
IPC: G11C11/44
Filed: 1976-03-12
Abstract: 1502690 Superconductive devices INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 12 March 1976 [13 March 1975] 10081/76 Heading H3X In a data storage cell comprising at least one Josephson junction in which binary data is selectively represented by 0 and 1 flux quanta modes, the cell is arranged to exhibit an undercritically damped switching characteristic so that non-destructive read out of stored information is obtained by the ability to switch from an 0 quantum mode to a 2 quantum mode, followed by reversion to the 0 quantum mode, and the inability of a switching operation to affect a 1 quantum mode. Storage cells using vortex modes in long Josephson junctions. An interferometer type storage cell is shown in Fig. 2 which comprises a lower electrode metallization M2 deposited on a substrate, a thin oxide layer in the shaded area, and upper electrode metallization M3. In a two co-ordinate storage arrangement, Fig. 5 (not shown), writing is effected during the period when a control current I B aux is applied to an auxiliary line coupled to the junctions to decrease the maximum Josephson current. To switch a storage cell from an 0 to a 1 mode, a bit current is also applied to a control line coupled to inductive region of the cell, followed by an overlapping write current I w . For non-destructive readout producing a mode change only when an 0 mode is present, the overlapping sequence of bit and word currents I b  and I w  alone are used, the sequentially applied currents being of such magnitude as to circumvent a point x, Fig. 3, defining the minimum boundary of the 0 mode and falling within the shaded area of the mode characteristic shown. A switch to the 2 mode then occurs and this vortex mode is sustained until the currents are terminated. Reversion to the 0 mode then occurs. An alternative form of cell using vortex modes is described, Fig. 6 (not shown). Storage cells comprising a single Josephson junction shunted by an inductance. A suitable cell is shown in Fig. 10 which comprises metallized deposits M2, M3 with an intervening oxide layer forming a Josephson junction 38, the deposits also being connected at 40 to provide an inductive loop L. Lines for currents I B  and I B aux are coupled to the inductive loop and the junction, respectively. No flux quantum is trapped within the inductance for an 0 state of the storage cell, while a trapped flux quantum is present for a 1 state. Writing and reading non-destructively is effected by the same programme of I B , I w  and I B aux currents as previously described, the underdamped characteristic of the cell enabling a transition to an unstable 2 state for non-destructive readout. Sense circuits, Figs. 7, 8 and 9 (not shown). These are as described in Specification 1,450,343.
Patent GB-648931-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to aircraft and like shock absorbers
Inventor: ORLOFF GEORGE
IPC: B64C25/60
Filed: 1948-04-13
Abstract: 648,931. Oleo pneumatic shock absorbers. BRITISH MESSIER Ltd. April 13, 1948, No. 10237. [Class 108(iii)] In a shock absorber comprising a piston- and-cylinder device for compressing liquid through a restricted passage or passages out of the cylinder against gaseous pressure when the shock absorber is loaded and a gaseous pressure vessel to receive the liquid divided into two chambers, one in communication with the cylinder and of high compression ratio and low initial gas pressure and the other of lower compression ratio and higher initial gas pressure, the two chambers are arranged in the same casing and are separated from one another by a separator piston therein which is urged by the pressure in the chamber of higher initial pressure towards a stop and a reducing valve is provided which connects the two chambers together. In the arrangement shown, provided which connects the two chambers together. In the arrangement shown, low and high pressure air chambers 18 and 19 respectively in the upper end of a hollow piston rod 13 are separated by a freely slidable separator piston 14, which is urged by air pressure in the chamber 18 towards a stop 15. Liquid in the lower end of the hollow piston rod communicates through restricted passages 20 in a piston 12, with liquid in a main cylinder 11. A reducing valve 17 within the piston 14 enables both chambers to be charged with air through a single valve 16. When during compression of the shock absorber the pressure of the air in chamber 19 is raised to that of the air in the chamber 18, the separator piston moves away from the stop 15 and the air in both chambers is compressed together. Specification 629,970 is referred to.
Patent GB-1399335-A (GB)
Title: Cementitious materials and artefacts made therefrom
IPC: C04B40/02
Filed: 1971-04-21
Abstract: 1399335 Cementitious compositions TAC CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Ltd 20 July 1972 [21 April 1971] 10359/71 Heading C1H [Also in Division C3] Cementitious products are made by:- (A) hydrating and curing in an autoclave a mixture comprising 5 to 40 wt. per cent of a fibrous component comprising asbestos, 3 to 10% of free hydrated lime and up to 92% of ground granulated blast furnace slag; or (B) hydrating and curing at ambient temperature and pressure a mixture comprising 3 to 40 wt. per cent of a fibrous component comprising asbestos, 2 to 35% of free hydrated lime, up to 90% of ground granulated blast furnace slag, and 0-35% of gypsum. The fibrous component comprises chrysotile and/or amosite asbestos optionally together with glass fibre, mineral wool, steel fibre, cellulosic fibre, polyamide fibre and/or polypropylene fibre. The mixture can also contain carbon black, perlite or vermiculite. The mixtures can be deposited from an aqueous slurry to form sheets.
Patent GB-1176463-A (GB)
Title: Hydrostatic Power Transmission
Inventor: RANKIN JOHN
IPC: F16H61/42
Filed: 1966-03-09
Abstract: 1,176,463. Hydrostatic transmission control. DOWTY HYDRAULIC UNITS Ltd. 19 April, 1967 [9 March, 1966], No. 10378/66. Heading F2D. In a hydrostatic transmission wherein ratio shift is effected by a ratio adjusting mechanism in response to movement of a manual control, means are provided to maintain constant or reduce the maximum rate of ratio shift as the output speed increases irrespective of the rate of movement of the manual control. In Fig. 1 the piston-rod 7 of a servomotor 6 carries a pin 16 engaging a cam slot 15 in a plate 12 which is connected by a link 9 to the casing and is pivoted at 14 to the head 2 of a tilting head pump or motor. The rate of ratio shift is maintained constant by limiting the maximum speed of movement of the rod 7 by providing restricted orifices in the servo-motor 6 whilst the cam 15 compensates for non- linearity of the linkage and pump or motor displacement adjusting means. In Fig. 4 the piston-rod 7 of a follow-up servomotor 6 responsive to a manually controlled valve 22, is connected directly to the head of a tilting head pump or motor. The supply to or exhaust from the left chamber of the servomotor passes through a groove 42 in the piston-rod 7 and the width of the groove decreases in both directions from the centre so that as the piston moves from the central, zero output, position its rate of movement decreases. The shape of the groove 42 is such that the rate of ratio shift remains constant or reduces as the output speed increases.
Patent GB-583533-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of levulinic acid
IPC: C07C51/00
Filed: 1944-05-30
Abstract: Laevulinic acid is prepared by heating at 130-210 DEG  C., under pressure, a solution of sucrose not exceeding 25 per cent concentration with hydrobromic acid, or with hydrochloric acid admixed with sodium bromide.  In the examples, sucrose which is employed as evaporated crude cane sugar juice in one example, or other hexose yielding carbohydrate (such as dextrose) is heated under pressure with hydrochloric acid and sodium bromide.  The humin material is filered off and the solution extracted with a volatile ether.  The solvent is evaporated from the extract and formic acid removed by distilling under reduced pressure.
Patent GB-436161-A (GB)
Title: Improved nitrocellulose plastics and methods for the production thereof
IPC: C08F251/02
Filed: 1934-04-06
Abstract: Plastic compositions are obtained by dissolving cellulose nitrate in monomeric methyl methacrylate containing methyl - a b  - dichloro - isobutyrate and subjecting the mixture to a treatment which effects polymerization of the methyl methacrylate.  The process of polymerization may comprise heating in the presence of catalysts such as benzoyl or succinyl peroxide, or it may consist of exposure to ultra-violet light.  In preparing blocks, the solution may be placed in a vessel of the required shape and subjected to polymerization. The composition may be used for moulding or for making sheets for safety glass.  For this latter purpose the solution may be subjected to polymerization treatment between glass plates or sheets cut from a block of the polymerized material may be cemented between glass sheets.  In an example, cellulose nitrate of high nitrogen content and low viscosity is dissolved in methyl methacrylate, methyl - a b - dichloro-isobutyrate, and benzoyl peroxide.  The mixture is warmed until it thickens to a jelly and then heated at a higher temperature to complete the polymerization.  Methyl - a b  - dichloro - isobutyrate is prepared by passing chlorine into methyl methacrylate in the presence of a catalyst such as bromine at room temperature until no more chlorine is absorbed.
Patent GB-105376-A (GB)
IPC: B23D61/06
Abstract: 105,376. Millar, W., and Pate, J. April 6. 1916. Drawings to Specification. Diamond and like tools.-In a stone-cutting tool comprising a socket detachably fixed to a blade and carrying diamonds or other cutting-media, the cutting-media are welded or otherwise fixed into the metal forming the socket so as to be exposed successively as the socket wears. The cutting-media may be arranged over the whole of the working area. of the socket or only at the centre or sides.
Patent GB-510564-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a machine for combining liners and cartons
IPC: B31B7/00
Filed: 1938-04-06
Abstract: 510,564. Conveyers. WILLIAMS, W. P. (Bergstein, R. M.). April 6, 1938, No. 10587. [Class 78 (i)] [Also in Group XVH] A tubular or bag liner 10, Fig. 6, is deposited on a carton blank coated at 9 with adhesive, and the blank is then folded about the liner and pressed to form a collapsed liner folded about the lines 7. The bag may be of two laminations 10a, 11, Fig. 8, with their joints 11a, 12, displaced laterally, seams 12, 13, being preferably heatfused, and the bag being closed after filling as indicated in Fig. 10 or 11. Carton blanks 5, Fig. 2, are fed from a hopper 15 by wheels 16, 17a, one of which carries a rubber block 17 and the other is rubber-laced, on to three parallel conveyer chains 18 having spacing pins 19 and constituted from links 20, Fig. 15, and rubber pads 21, the conveyers passing beneath adhesive-applying mechanism 22, 23 and beneath an apertured plate 24 on to which liners are fed by wheels 3 from a conveyer running at right angles to conveyers 18. The assembly then passes beneath a positioning conveyer 28, Figs. 2, 3 and 4, and over a glue wheel 35 whch applies adhesive to the underside of the gluing flap, conveyers 30, 38 gripping the assembly medially while swords 36 and twist belts 41, 42 fold over the sides, whereafter pressure roll 42 consolidates the assembly which then passes to a retarded belt 44 and a further belt 45 of the type used in stacking cartons which overlie each other. Instead of spacing pins 19 the conveyer 18 may carry two projections which engage the carton and liner respectively and keep them spaced.
Patent GB-165577-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to springs for upholstered seats, mattresses, cushions and the like
IPC: A47C23/043
Filed: 1920-04-16
Abstract: 165,577. Brown, M. V. April 16, 1920. Helical springs. - Helical wire springs for upholstery &c. have their end coils a<1> reversed so as to form a loop a<2> which anchors the end of the wire and prevents it from slipping along the coil. The invention may be applied to springs having their end coils formed with corrugations as described in Specification 164,821, and to springs with rectangular end loops.
Patent GB-1420721-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of overbased sulphurized calcium alkylphenate
IPC: C10M159/22
Filed: 1974-03-09
Abstract: 1420721 Overbased materials; lubricants TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORP 9 March 1974 10640/74 Headings C4X and C5F An overbased material is made by first heating together at a temperature of 100‹ to 250‹ C. calcium oxide, acetic or propionic acid or both, an alkoxyethanol in which the alkyl group has one to four carbon atoms, a normal sulphurized calcium alkylphenate in which the alkyl group has four to one hundred carbon atoms and a hydrocarbon lubricating oil of viscosity 50 to 2000 SUS at 100‹ F., and then heating the product at 100 to 250‹ C. in the presence of carbon dioxide. The quantities are specified in mol. ratios as calcium oxide : acid-2 : 1 to 30 : 1; calcium oxide: alkoxyethanol-0À02 : 1 to 0À3 to 1; calcium oxide: alkylphenate-1 : 1 to 3 : 1 and CO 2  : calcium oxide-at least 1. The named components may all be present throughout the first heating step, or the other ingredients may first be heated together before the lubricating oil and alkylpenate are added, and alkoxyethanol may then be removed overhead. An inert gas, e.g. nitrogen may be passed through the reaction mixture during the first heating step and also after the carbonation. The second heating step may be at a higher temperature, within the specified range, than the first. The product may be prepared as a concentrate containing, e.g. 30 to 70% of lubricating oil, and later diluted with lubricating oil until it contains 0À1 to 10% (wt.) of overbased sulphurized calcium alkyl-phenate. This diluted material may also contain other additives of known kinds. The lubricating oil may be of paraffinic naphthenic or mixed base, or derived from coal products or synthetic oils, e.g. polypropylene or polyisobutylene.
Patent GB-756237-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulic power converter
IPC: F16H43/00
Filed: 1954-04-12
Abstract: 756,237. Rotary pumps. BERRY, F. April 12, 1954, No. 10672/54. Class 110(2) [Also in Group XXIX] A pump P comprises cylinders 2, 3 with piston rotors 8, 9 having pistons 10, 11 cooperating with a recess 15 in a rotary abutment 14. With the position of the pump elements shown, the piston 11 is beginning its power stroke and the upper pump element is beginning to idle. The effective length of the power stroke may be adjusted by means of valves 48 controlling bypass channels 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 between the cylinders 2, 3 and the pump inlets. Specifications 604,972, 610,068 and U.S.A. Specification 2,614,503 are referred to.
Patent GB-1208157-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to axial piston motors or pumps
Inventor: BEASLEY STANLEY ARTHUR
IPC: F01B3/00
Filed: 1968-03-05
Abstract: 1,208,157. 157. Reciprocating pumps and motors. VICKERS Ltd. March 5, 1969 [March 5, 1968], No. 10733/68. Heading F1A. In an axial piston pump or motor comprising a rotary cylinder block 2 with pistons engaging a fixed swash-plate. Fig. 1 (not shown), and a non-rotatable valve plate 11 with kidney ports 12A sequentially registering with cylinder block ports 3A, spring- loaded sleeves 15 are provided in housing inlet and outlet ports 13, and have conical seatings 18 engaging spherical faces 19 of sealing members 20 abutting the valve plate. The cylinder block is keyed to drive shaft 4 so as to be axially movable. The valve plate is prevented from rotating by dowels extending from the housing, but is free to move axially and to tilt to align itself with the cylinder block. Hydraulic pressure in the inlet and outlet passages also acts to bias the sleeves 15 towards the valve plate. 1, 208, 162. Forcing liquids by gaseous pressure: injectors and ejectors. Jan. 3, 1968, [Jan. 9, 1967J, No.376/68. Headings F1R and F1E. [Also in Divisions B1 and F3] A working gas e. g. for inflating an aircraft escape slide or a life raft, may be made by generating a hot gas as by combustion of a solid propellant cartridge 14 and using part to pressurize a container 18 from which a liquid refrigerant is supplied to a Venturi mixer 26 through which the major portion of the hot gas passes the refrigerant is vapourized in the Venturi and the mixing chamber 34. The rate of burning of the cartridge and the dimensions of the apparatus are proportioned so that the effluent gas has a pre-selected temperature close to ambient. The effluent may be further mixed with air in the injector 36, 38. As embodied in the apparatus of Fig.2 (not shown) the cartridge 14 and liquid refrigerant 18 are arranged in inner and outer coaxial containers and the Venturi mixer 26 and mixing chamber 34 are positioned above the cartridge. The latter is ignited by a device 17, and the combustion gases rupture a burster disc 40, part passing through apertures 20 to pressurize the refrigerant which is discharged through conduits 28, 30. The mixing chamber 34 may contain steel wool, vanes or baffles. For operation in a low ambient temperature the refrigerant, and hence the cartridge and the body of the apparatus, may be kept at a pre-selected temperature above ambient by a thermostatically controlled heater (50).
Patent GB-107681-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Machine for Testing the Straightness of and Straightening Rifle and like Barrels.
Inventor: SPONSEL CHARLES WILLIAM
IPC: B21C37/15
Filed: 1916-07-31
Abstract: 107,681. Sponsel, C. W. July 31, 1916. Examining and testing. - Consists in detecting curvature in a rifle or machine-gun barrel bv means of an electric contact carried by a wire passing through the barrel, the barrel being then bent straight by means of a treadle-operated lever. The barrel is mounted between centres 12. Figs. 7 and 8, carried by blocks 11 pivoted to levers 10 mounted on supports 9, which are adjustably secured to a slide 4. The latter can be moved along the bed of the machine by means of a rack 5 gearing with a pinion 6 on a spindle 7 turned by a handwheel 8. A wire 19, which is threaded through the barrel and the slotted centres 12, carries a contact 57, and is secured at each end by a gripping lever 20 carried by a block 21 on an arm 22 on a shaft 23. One block 21 can be adjusted in order to stretch the wire 19. Stiffening bars 30 connect the arms 22 to arms 31 also on the shaft 23. If the ends of the barrel rise during bending the levers 10 lift the bars 30, and so prevent injury to the wire. The bending lever 42 carrying the screw 43 is operated from a treadle through toggle links 44. As shown in the diagram, Fig. 3, a primary circuit controlled by a switch 54 supplies current to a transformer 56 which supplies current to the circuit of two lamps 52. One lamp is arranged to be short-circuited when the contact 57 touches the rifle barrel. In order to raise and lower the wire 19, the shaft 23 is rocked by an arm 32, Fig. 7, which rests against an angled nut 33 moved by a spindle 35 rotated by a hand-wheel 36. Rotation of the nut 33 is prevented by a bracket 34. An index-wheel 58, secured to the wheel 36 by a clamp operated by a thumb-screw, indicates the distance through which the wire is raised or lowered and so the curvature of the barrel. Wedges 40 mounted in slides 41 support the barrel during bending.
Patent GB-399239-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pistons for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02F3/00
Filed: 1932-04-15
Abstract: 399,239. Pistons. WAKEFIELD, J., 149, The Avenue, Tottenham, London. April 15, 1932, No. 10826. [Class 122 (i).] To facilitate removal of a piston from its cylinder for inspection it is built up from a head 1, an upper skirt portion 3 integral with or attached to the head, a lower skirt portion 4 and an inner gudgeon pin bearing member 6 having screwed bosses 7 for attachment to the head. A shoulder 11 on the member 6 engages a flange 10 on the lower skirt portion to retain it in position. Bosses 14 may be formed on the under side of the head to co-operate with the bosses 7. The member 6 may be adjustable in diameter. Specification 388,070 is referred to.
Patent GB-365431-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to four stroke cycle internal combustion engines and superchargers therefor
IPC: F02B1/00
Filed: 1931-04-13
Abstract: 365,431. Four-stroke engines. SEBIA SOC. D'EXPLOITATION DE BREVETS POUR L'INDUSTRIE, L'AVIATION ET L'AUTOMOBILE, 13, Rue Henner, Paris. April 13, 1931, No. 10828. Convention date, April 18, 1930. [Classes 7 (ii) and 7 (vi).] In a multi-cylinder engine the inlet valve of; say, cylinder 1 is held open during the first part of the compression stroke and part of the charge is driven into a head 6 common to all the cylinders. This rejected charge equals the amount being drawn into cylinder 5, which is on its induction stroke. As the inlet valve of cylinder 1 closes one of the delivery valves 9 of the pump-7 opens and the charge delivered by the pump completes the filling of cylinder 5. This cycle is repeated in all the cylinders. The pump delivers mixture or air when the engine works on the Diesel cycle. Regulating.-The inlet valves of the cylinders and of the pump are worked off a cam shaft 12, which is slidable axially to control the amount of charge delivered by the pump and the time of opening of the inlet valves ; the pump control is effected by driving part of the indrawn charge back through the inlet valve.
Patent GB-1414476-A (GB)
Title: Method of bonding surfaces together using adhesive compositions
IPC: C09J4/00
Filed: 1972-03-08
Abstract: 1414476 Bonding with anaerobic adhesives CIBA-GEIGY AG 15 Feb 1973 [8 March 1972] 10854/72 Heading C3P Anaerobic adhesive compositions used to bond two surfaces together comprise a peroxide or hydroperoxide initiator and a compound of the formula where R<SP>4</SP> is a saturated or unsaturated C 2  to C 12  straight or branched chain divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may contain ether oxygen linkages and may be substituted with from 1 to 5 groups of the formula and where R<SP>3</SP> is hydrogen or methyl. The composition may also contain an inhibitor and an accelerator, or an accelerator may be applied to the surfaces to be joined as a primer before applying the adhesive. Other optional components include diluents or thickeners (e.g. cellulose esters and polyalkylene glycols). In examples the monomers used are 1,4-bis-(3- methacryloxy - 2 - hydroxypropoxy) - butane or - but - 2 - ene; 1,4 - bis - (3 - acryloxy - 2- hydroxypropoxy)butane; 1,2 - bis - (2 - (3 - (meth)acryl - oxy - 2 - hydroxypropoxy)- ethoxy)ethane; bis - (2 - (3 - (meth)acryloxy- 2 - hydroxypropoxy)ethyl)ether; 1,2,3 - tris- (3 - methacryloxy - 2 - hydroxy propoxy) propane; 1,2,6 - tris - (3 - methacryloxy - 2 - hydroxypropoxy)hexane and a compound of the formula where r is an integer having an average value of 3À2. Comparative examples use monomers wherein R<SP>4</SP> includes phenyl groups. The initiators used are cumene or tert. butyl hydroperoxide and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy) hexane. Surfaces which are bonded with the compositions may be of metal, glass or ceramics. In examples the compositions are tested as adhesives for nuts and bolts.