Patent GB-899695-A (GB)
Title: Process for the hydrofining of hydrocarbon mixtures
Inventor: REITZ ORTWIN
IPC: C10G45/04
Filed: 1960-11-23
Abstract: The hydrofining of hydrocarbons, such as crude benzene or sulphur-containing unsaturated gasolines, obtained from the coking, low temperature carbonization or gasification of solid or liquid fuels is effected in the presence of two or more catalysts having different selective activities of which one comprises at least on compound of a Group V or VI metal together with a compound of nickel and/or cobalt and another comprises at least one compound of a Group V or VI metal alone or with a compound of iron.  The two catalysts may be mixed or used in series.  The former catalysts may comprise the oxides and/or sulphides of vanadiu, molybdenum, tungsten and chromium with an oxide and/or sulphide of nickel or cobalt, the relative proportions being about equal; the catalyst may form 1-20% by weight of a composition, the remainder being a carrier, e.g. alumina magnesia, zinc oxide, titania, silicic acid, a silicate, zirconia or cerium oxide, any of which may be pretreated with hydrogen, hydrogen fluoride, chloride or iodide, a mineral acid or a low molecular weight organic acid.  The other catalyst may comprise an oxide and/or sulphide and/or halide of molybdenum, vanadium, chromium or tungsten together with a minor proportion of an oxide, sulphide, halide, formate, acetate or oxalate of iron, if desired. This catalyst may also be carried on a support.  Suitable conditions are 300 DEG -450 DEG C., 5-200 atmospheres and 0,3-6 Kg. of hydrocarbon per litre of catalyst per hour, the hydrogenating gas being hydrogen, cokeoven gas, water gas or town gas.  The process removes sulphur compounds and reduces the olefin content.ALSO:The hydrofining of hydrocarbons, such as crude benzene or sulphur-containing unsaturated gasolines, obtained from the coking, low temperature carbonisation or gasification of solid or liquid fuels is effected in the presence of two or more catalysts having different selective activities of which one comprises at least one compound of a Group 5 or 6 metal together with acompound of nickel and/or cobalt and another comprises at least one compound of a Group 5 or 6 metal alone or with a compound of iron. The two catalysts may be mixed or used in series.  The former catalysts may comprise the oxides and/or sulphides of vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten and chromium with an oxide and/or sulphide of nickel or cobalt, the relative proportions being about equal; the catalyst may form 1%-20% by weight of a composition, the remainder being a carrier, e.g. alumina, magnesia, zinc oxide, titania, silicic acid, a silicate, zirconia or cerium oxide, any of which may be pretreated with hydrogen, hydrogen fluoride, chloride or iodide, a mineral acid or a low molecular weight organic acid.  The other catalyst may comprise an oxide and/or sulphide and/or halide of molybdenum, vanadium, chromium or tungsten together with a minor proportion of an oxide, sulphide, halide, formate, acetate or oxalate of iron, if desired. This catalyst may also be carried on a support.  Suitable conditions are 300 DEG C.-450 DEG C., 5-200 atmospheres and 0.3-6 Kg. of hydrocarbon per litre of catalyst per hour, the hydrogenating gas being hydrogen, coke-oven gas, water gas or town gas.  The process removes sulphur compounds and reduces the olefin content.