baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-775817-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to processes and apparatus for drawing crystalline bodies , such as semi-conductor bodies
IPC: C30B15/20
Filed: 1955-03-09
Abstract: In a process for the production of a crystalline body, such as a semi-conductor body, by drawing from a melt, the charge to form the melt consists of a loose agglomeration of relatively small particles such as granules or powder, and only part of the charge undergoes fusion, the fusion preferably being confined to a centre portion <PICT:0775817/III/1> of the charge.  A receptacle 2 contains the powder 3, which may be silicon or germanium, above which is an induction heating coil 4 provided with a downwardly directed concentrator in the form of a conical copper strip spiral 5.  A part 11 of the material is maintained in the molten state by inductive heating, and a rigid continuous layer 12 forms around the molten material 11.  A fused rod 13 is drawn upwardly out of the melt, the rod being clamped with a quartz tube 14 in a holder 15.  The holder 15 is rotated on a shaft 16 passing through a hood 7, a vacuum being maintained under the hood 7 or the space filled with a protective gas.  Fresh material is fed to the molten part 11 from a container 18.  At the start of the process a nucleus is introduced into the quartz tube 14, where it is surrounded by a molybdenum or tungsten ring 22. The nucleus is lowered to the surface of the powder in container 2, where the ring 22 is heated by the coil 4, and so melts the tip of the nucleus until induced currents flow therein.  The molten nucleus then preheats the powder adjacent thereto, which is melted and the drawing is commenced.
Patent GB-974746-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to timers
IPC: D06F37/30
Filed: 1961-02-27
Abstract: 974,746. Time switches. CONTROLS COMPANY OF AMERICA. Feb. 27, 1961 [Feb. 29, 1960 (3)], No. 7059/61. Heading H2B. A washing-machine timer has a cam bank 20 driven by an electric motor 80 through a stopping device as disclosed in Specification 949,548, the cam bank operating primary switches controlling the washing cycle (see for example Specification 949,546) and having in addition, a reversing switch to which the present invention is directed. A cam 96 drives the slipping mechanism 102 and a further cam 85 operates the reversing switch (62, 64) via a lever 106 and a yoke 82 having parts 88, 90 engaging the respective switch blades A, B. The reversing switch is brought into the washing machine circuit by certain of the primary switches so that at appropriate times in the washing cycle the washing machine rotation is reversed.
Patent GB-468263-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the straightening or hardening or both straightening and hardening of rods and tubes
IPC: B21D3/10
Filed: 1936-03-09
Abstract: 468,263. Hardening metals. BYRNE, E. L. W. (Kroydon Co., Inc.) March 9, 1936, No. 7079. [Class 72] [Also in Group XXII] In straightening and/or hardening tapered shafts of golf-clubs, the shafts 32 are rotated and a heating furnace 47 is travelled along the shafts which are supported and straightened by rollers 51, 58 attached to the furnace. Cooling water from a tank 83 may effect hardening. The machine operates on three shafts simultaneously. A power shaft drives a feed screw engaging the furnace carriage through a quick return clutch operated by a stop on the carriage. A headstock carries three spring-closed split chucks which may be released by a cam. The furnace has a gas and air burner 49 for heating the shaft. Rollers 51 engage the bottom of the shaft and rollers 58 contact the top. The rollers 51, 58 are adjusted vertically according to the taper of the shafts by a strip cam. The rollers 58 are also adjusted transversely by screw means. In operation, three shafts are inserted into the chucks and are rotated. The carriage moves axially over the shafts which are heated and straightened. Quenching water from the tank 83 is sprayed to effect hardening. The carriage stop reverses the clutch and the shafts are removed. Specification 465,035, [Group XXII], is referred to.
Patent GB-195608-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in gun mounts
IPC: F41A23/12
Filed: 1923-03-12
Abstract: 195,608. United States Machine Gun Co., (Assignees of Green, S. G.). March 28, 1922, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Act] Machine guns; cartridge hoppers and magazines.-A mount for automatic guns specially adapted for use against aircraft includes means for supporting the cartridge-belt boxes and guiding the belts. The cartridge-belt boxes 44 are slidably mounted in supports 46 which can be swung aside on pivots 52 after releasing spring catches 58. A flanged plate 60 serves to guide the belt over the gun in the case of a gun having a left-to-right belt-feed. A vertical apron may be hung between the guns to deflect the empty cartridge cases.
Patent GB-407193-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the cracking of hydrocarbon oils
IPC: C10G9/00
Filed: 1933-03-09
Abstract: Motor fuel is obtained by cracking in the vapour phase an oil which is completely vaporizable, the oil being rapidly heated to vaporize it at temperatures between 850 and 975 DEG  F., and the vapours being maintained at this temperature under a pressure of 100-400 lbs. per square inch for a period of time so that the minimum total yield per pass is between 2.5 and 13 per cent, and not more than 15 per cent of the oil is converted during the rapid heating and at least 85 per cent after such rapid heating.  Oil preheated in a coil 23 is passed through a pipe 26 into a fractionating tower 16.  A selected condensate is collected in a plate 20 and fed by a pump 29 through vaporising and rapid heatings coils 10, 10<a> in a furnace 5 and thence through the main cracking coil 11.  The cracked products are cooled rapidly by injection through a pipe 14 into a bath of heavy residues maintained at the bottom of the tower 16 and kept cool by circulation through a heater 32<c>.  Vapours passing off from the top of the tower 16 are condensed in a coil 31 to give the desired product.  In a modification, Fig. 2, the cracked vapours are passed through a pipe <PICT:0407193/III/1> <PICT:0407193/III/2> 46 into a large unobstructed reaction chamber 47 where they are maintained under cracking conditions in a quiescent state.  The charging stock preheated in coils in a fractionating tower 60 and in a coil in the chamber 47 surrounding the residue outlet 54 is introduced into this chamber through a pipe 52.  The vapours pass off through a pipe 51 and mixed with the residues from the chamber 47 are introduced into the tower 60.  The final products pass off through a pipe 75 and are condensed in a cooler 76 while a fraction drawn off from a lower plate through a pipe 72 is stripped in a chamber 73 by steam to give a composite pool which is supplied as stock to the cracking coils through pipes 81, 83, the stripped vapours being returned to the tower 60 through a pipe 80.
Patent GB-804220-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to extrusion presses
IPC: B21C33/00
Filed: 1956-03-08
Abstract: 804,220. Extruding. VARLONGA, G. March 8, 1956 [Feb. 21, 1956], No. 7275/56. Class 83 (4). An extrusion press has at least two billet containers 9 movable transversely of the extrusion axis whereby they are brought successively from a charging and discharging position into the extrusion position on the said axis and means are provided at the charging and discharging position of each container for removing therefrom the die and die holder 11, extrusion residue, and the press disc 10. The containers are mounted on a reciprocable slide B which is actuated by a pair of hydraulic or pneumatic motors 6, Fig. 4 (not shown). The billets C are fed down a shoot 12, Fig. 4 (not shown), to a pneumatic or hydraulic elevator 13 which carries them to one of a pair of oscillating arms 14, Fig. 3. The latter raises the billet into alignment with a container in its charging position where the billet together with a new die 11 in its die holder and a press disc 10 are pushed into the container by a pneumatic motor. The slide B then moves the container into its extrusion position where the extrusion operation is performed by a ram driven by a working piston 7. After extrusion the container is returned to its inoperative position and this movement causes the extruded product to be severed from the residue. An hydraulic pusher then removes the press disc 10, a residue sleeve and butt and the die assembly from the container and the latter is then cooled by jets of compressed air.
Patent GB-1281320-A (GB)
Title: Electrophotographic copying material
IPC: G03G13/26
Filed: 1969-06-12
Abstract: 1281320 Polymeric compositions RICOH KK 12 June 1969 [2 Oct 1968] 7276/72 Divided out of 1280882 Headings C3A C3B and C3P [Also in Division H1] A polymer comprises the reaction product of (a) a vinyl polymer containing a reactive functional group, starch or a derivative of cellulose with (b) methylol acrylamide, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or a vinyl monomer having an epoxy group or a hydroxyl group. In the specific embodiments the polymer is prepared by mixing polyvinyl acetate with polyvinyl alcohol, and methylol acrylamide and a polymerization and condensation catalyst in water, coating the mixture on paper and drying at 150‹ C. Alternatively the mixture may comprise polyvinyl acetate, methyl or hydroxy ethyl celullose, acrylic acid, or an acrylic resin and methylol acrylamide, or epoxy resin made from methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylamide and glycidyl methacrylate.
Patent GB-1182232-A (GB)
Title: Heating Control Apparatus.
IPC: F24C3/12
Filed: 1968-02-15
Abstract: 1,182,232. Electric switches with thermal trip. ITT INDUSTRIES Inc. 15 Feb., 1968 [20 Feb., 1967], No. 7515/68. Heading H1N. [Also in Division G3] A temperature control system particularly for a cooker has a setting knob (11), Fig. 2 (not shown), turnable against a caliper brake and spring and held in position until at a determined time it is released into a lower temperature setting by a time switch (12, 17). The knob determines the operating point of a switch (20) which is opened by a bellows (22) in communication with a probe (23) located in an oven (13). In a gas cooker a gas valve (15) powered from a thermocouple (15<SP>1</SP>) heated by a pilot jet (14<SP>1</SP>) shuts off the supply at a determined temperature. The switch (20) may also control an electric cooker. The brake comprises a drum 31, housing a spiral return spring 36, with diametrically opposed brake pads (41), 48 bearing on an outer circumference 32 by means of a spring 50. At a determined time a signal on connections 61 energizes a bimetal heater 60 for a short period, say 15 seconds, deflecting a bimetal arm 56, 58 which releases the brake and moves a detent 54 of an arm 53 which engages with a notch 63 on return of the drum under spring influence. As the bimetal strip cools the detent 54 is raised out of engagement and at the same time the brake is re-engaged. The knob (11) remaining in this position until moved to another temperature setting or the off position.
Patent GB-472120-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to feed and regulating devices for fuel injection engines
IPC: F02M59/10
Filed: 1936-03-12
Abstract: 472,120. Liquid-fuel injectors. TUSCHER J. E. March 12, 1936 Nos. 7544, 7545, 7546, and 7547. Convention dates March 27, 1935, June 7 1935, Oct. 25, 1935, and Jan. 21,1936. [Class7(iii). [Also in Groups XXVIII and XXVI] A fuel-injection pump comprises a pump pistor 9 integral with a power piston 8 and an extensior 11. The power piston is actuated by the gases in engine cylinder. The ex tension 11 carries the in jection.nozzle which com prises a spindle 42 screwed into the bore 15. The spindle is split so that the delivery pressure of the fuel tends to lock it ir position. The head 43 is provided with grooves 18 forming the orifices and a split sleeve 49 covers radial ports in the spindle 42 and serves as a non. return valve.
Patent GB-471919-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in submarine mines and the like
IPC: F42B22/12
Filed: 1936-03-13
Abstract: 471,919. Submarine mines. YOURKEVITCH, V. March 13, 1936, No. 7609. Convention date, March 13, 1935. [Class 9 (ii)] Relates to submarine mines of the kind in which the mooring cable is wound or unwound from a drum under the control of a hydrostat to maintain the mine at a given depth, the winding being performed by a spring, pneumatic, or hydraulic accumulator energized by a propeller driven by the flow of water past the mine. According to the invention, the accumulator is clutched to a winding drum and disconnected from the propeller when the cable is to be wound up to make up for insufficient depth, the accumulator is disconnected from the winding drum and connected to the propeller when the depth is established, and the winding drum is released to pay out the cable when the depth is greater than the desired depth. As shown, a spring drum 14, Fig. 1. is connected through gearing 22, 21, clutch 19, and gearing 17, 16, 15 to the shaft 9 of a propeller 8, and through gearing 22, 21<1>, clutch 19<1>, and gearing 16<1>, 15<1> to the hollow shaft 10 of the winding drum 4, which surrounds the propeller shaft 9. A ratchet wheel 32 is provided on the spring drum 14, and another ratchet wheels 32<1> on the winding drum gearing; and the pawls 33, 33<1>, Fig. 2, of these ratchet wheel, and the control levers 24, 24<1> of the clutches 19, 19<1> are controlled by tappets 43, 43<1> and cams 44<1>, 44 on rods 41<1>. 41 connected together by a rocking lever 46, and operated by a hydrostat. This comprises a bellows 36 between a fixed plate 37 and a movable plate 38, between which there is also a coiled spring surrounding the bellows and enclosed in a tube 35 fastened to the casing 1 of the apparatus. The movable plate 38 is attached to the end of the rod 41, and a shoulder 42 is provided thereon to butt against a fixed sleeve 40 to limit the inward stroke of the hydrostat. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also (1) an arrangement in which an accumulator is wound up by a pair of hydrostats when the mine rises and falls, and (2) means for normally locking a hydrostat controlling device and adapted to release the device when operated by a clockwork or by a wireless receiver. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-548594-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to tanning and compositions therefor
IPC: C14C3/10
Filed: 1941-06-18
Abstract: 548,594. Tanning. HODGSON & SONS, Ltd., R., and CHESHIRE, A. June 18, 1941, No. 7690. [Class 76] Leather is tanned by means of mimosa extract acidified by citric or tartaric acid. The mixture may be used together with other tanning extracts.
Patent GB-1255576-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of epitaxially grown layers of semiconductor material
IPC: C30B29/40
Filed: 1970-02-18
Abstract: 1,255,576. Making semi-conductor structures. SIEMENS A.G. 18 Feb., 1970 [19 Feb., 1969], No. 7704/70. Heading H1K. The components 5 for a silicon-doped gallium arsenide melt are placed in a silica or carbon capsule on the end of which is an N-type gallium arsenide substrate 4 secured by the threaded cap 2. The capsule is placed in a silicon ampoule 1 which is evacuated and sealed so that the subsequent preparation of the melt and a deposition process may be carried out in an oxygen-free atmosphere formed (mainly) by the vapour from the heated gallium arsenide. The melt components are fused at 970 C. and the ampoule inverted to deposit the melt on the substrate and the assembly allowed to cool. Silicon is an amphoteric dopant in gallium arsenide and the material deposited with a melt temperature above 920 C. is N-type but later growth is P-type. Deposition is stopped by again inverting the ampoule when the melt temperature has fallen to 500 C. The melt may be reheated and the process repeated to form an alternating sequence of N-type and P-type layers on the initial substrate. The conditions are chosen to be such that the deposited gallium arsenide contains 1-2 at. per cent of silicon.
Patent GB-1124580-A (GB)
Title: Low temperature separation of a mixture of gases
Inventor: MERCER STANLEY
IPC: F25J3/02
Filed: 1966-02-22
Abstract: 1,124,580. Cold separation of gas mixtures. PETROCARBON DEVELOPMENTS Ltd. 21 Feb., 1967 [22 Feb., 1966], No. 7708/66. Heading F4P. In a process for separating a gas mixture into at least three components A, B, C comprising feeding compressed mixture into a first rectification column from the base at which a product A is withdrawn whilst a mixture stream is transferred to a second column from which products B and C are withdrawn, a portion of the reflux and reboil for each column is provided by a separate heat pump cycle for each column and the two columns are thermally linked together by a common condenserevaporator for transferring heat from the first to the second column in providing the remainder of the reflux for the first column and reboil for the second column. The heat pump cycles may be open or closed. Fig. 1 shows two closed cycles. That of the first column 11  comprises a compressor 14 which discharges refrigerant vapour through the reboiler 15 of column 11. The resulting condensed refrigerant is expanded at 16 and is evaporated in a reflux condenser 17 traversed by components B and C withdrawn from the head of column 11 and returned through a line 39 as reflux; the sovaporized refrigerant being returned to the compressor 14. The heat pump cycle for the second column 12 comprises a compressor 22, a reboiler 23 for said column 12, an expansion valve 24, and reflux condenser 25 from which refrigerant vapour is returned through a line 29 to the compressor 22. Liquid products A, B are withdrawn through lines 31, 35 and gaseous product C through a line 37. Fig. 2 shows two open heat pump cycles, that of column 11 being component B having been withdrawn from column 12 through a line 21, compressed at 14, condensed in reboiler 15 of column 11 expanded at 16 and returned as liquid to column 12 near the withdrawal line 21 and the evaporatorcondenser 13 thereby providing reflux for column 11. The cycle for column 12 comprises a portion of product C discharged from the head of column 12 and which is compressed at 22, condensed in the reboiler 23 of column 12, expanded at 24 and supplied as reflux to column 12 through a line 28. The heat cycles merely effect transfer of heat and effective refrigerator necessary to meet cold losses is provided by withdrawing a portion of component C leaving compressor 22 work-expanding it in a turbine 42, cooling at 44 liquid component B having left reboiler 15 and returning the so-warmed enbonded component 22. The feed stream admitted through a line 30 includes a small proportion of a fourth component D having a boiling-point below that of C and is withdrawn in admixture with C from the head of column 11. Argon may be separated from admixture with hydrogen, nitrogen and methane or carbon monoxide may be separated from admixture with hydrogen, nitrogen and methane.
Patent GB-272428-A (GB)
Title: Carbine hooks
IPC: F16B45/02
Filed: 1927-03-21
Abstract: 272,428. Jebens, J. H. March 21, 1927. Hooks, safety.-A safety hook comprises two members a, b pivoted at c and a member d which consists of a plate bent into U- shape which is pivoted at g on the member a, the pivot pins c, g having clearance in the holes in which they are supported. The hook m is kept in engagement with the pin f by a spring o.
Patent GB-545318-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pressure-reducing valve units
IPC: G05D16/06
Filed: 1941-06-19
Abstract: 545,318. Pressure reducing valves. SMALLPEICE, Ltd., SMALLPEICE, C. D. P., and CURZONS, C. E. June 19, 1941, No. 7747. [Class 135] A diaphragm-actuated pressure reducing valve has the movable valve member carried to one side of a tubular member 28 slidably guided in the casing. The valve member 24 is carried by a member 25 secured to the end of the member 28 by a bolt 26 engaging a flanged nut 27 and is acted on by a light spring 36 housed in a cup formed on a detachable end cover 14. The flanged outer end of the member 28 is attached to a diaphragm clamped against the end of the casing by a cover 13. A loading spring is housed within the member 28 between the flanged nut 27 and a movable abutment 33 adjusted by a screw 31 engaging a threaded boss in the cover 13. The cover 14 is formed with a lubricant reservoir 15 having a wick communication with the valve chamber. The main casing is square in cross section and on one face has tht fluid pressure inlet and on the opposite face is fitted with a two-way rotary disc valve for directing the out-flowing fluid to either of two conduits. A pressure gauge is fitted to a third face.
Patent GB-1062212-A (GB)
Title: Inspection apparatus for articles comprising a column of members arranged end to end in a thin walled sheath
Inventor: THOMPSON WILLIAM
IPC: G01B15/02
Filed: 1963-02-26
Abstract: 1,062,212. Fuel elements. UNITED KING- DOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. Feb. 19, 1964 [Feb. 26, 1963], No. 7767/63. Heading G6C. [Also in Division G1] Apparatus for the inspection of nuclear fuel elements comprising fuel pellets 79, e.g. UO 2  pellets, together with spacing pellets 82, e.g. Al 2 O 3  pellets, stacked end-to-end in a thinwalled sheath 80, e.g. of stainless steel, includes a source 4 of radiation capable of penetrating the sheath 80, e.g. a 5-curie Pm-147 source providing low energy X-radiation in the form of Bremsstrahlung, a lead shielding and collimating block 6 having a slot 7 of rectangular cross-section which collimates the radiation into a sheet-like beam, means for traversing a fuel element 78 relative to the source 4 so that the beam of radiation passes through the element 78 in a plane perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, and a scintillation detector head 5 for detecting changes in the absorption of the radiation by the element 78. In one form of the apparatus, the detector head 5 is coupled via a ratemeter 83 and amplifiers (not shown) to a high-speed pen recorder 84 which provides a trace on a movable chart 85. As shown, a gap 86 between the left-hand end cap 81 of the sheath 80 and the adjacent end face of the end spacing pellet 82, a gap 87 between the adjacent end faces of the fifth and sixth pellets 79 from the left-hand end of the element and a gap 88 between the adjacent end faces of the centre spacing pellet 82 and the pellet 79 to the left of this pellet 82 are indicated by peaks 86<SP>1</SP>, 87<SP>1</SP> and 88<SP>1</SP> on the chart 85. When the gaps are of less width than the collimating slot 7, the height of the peak is a measure of the width of the gap. Alternatively, the detector head 5 can be employed as a current amplifier with its anode at a low potential and its cathode at a negative high potential, the anode being connected directly in series with an U.V. light beam recorder.