baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20010013751-A (KR)
IPC: G01N33/68
Filed: 1999-04-09
Abstract: The invention relates to a technology by which antibodies directed to sources of infection in body fluids can be assayed with high accuracy, expediency and specificity. More particularly, the invention provides an antibody immunoassay method in which the antigen-antibody reaction between a target antibody in a sample and an assay antigen is conducted in the presence of an E. coli component and an antibody assay method which comprises using a reagent having a specific affinity for the Fc region of an antibody IgG as the antibody assay reagent. The invention further provides an antibody assay device comprising a solid-phase support having at least (a) a first region to which a sample is applied and (b) a second region where the antibody in the sample is reacted as disposed in such an arrangement that the sample is wicked from the first region to the second region and a labeling means for detection of the result of the reaction in the second region, characterized in that the (b) second region is provided with (i) a test site in which a ligand for capturing the target antibody to be assayed is immobilized and (ii) a control site in which a ligand for capturing an arbitrary antibody occurring in the sample is immobilized. <IMAGE>
Patent KR-20010020472-A (KR)
IPC: A61P9/02
Filed: 1998-06-26
Abstract: Novel thyroid receptor ligands are provided which have the general formula (I)where R1 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbons or cycloalkyl of 3 to 7 carbons; R2 and R3 are the same or different and are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1 to 3 carbons or cycloalkyl of 3 to 5 carbons, at least one of R2 and R3 being other than hydrogen; n is an integer from 0 to 4; R4 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, carboxylic acid ester thereof, alkenyl carboxylic acid or ester thereof, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, or a phosphonic acid or an ester thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptible salt thereof. A method for treating diseases associated with metabolism dysfunction or which are dependent on the expression of a T3 regulated gene, such as obesity, hypercholesterolemia, osteoporosis, hypothyroidism, and goiter, is also provided.
Patent KR-20010069062-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO JIN SU
IPC: H01L21/68
Filed: 2000-01-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A tray for a semiconductor package is provided to be capable of easily removing dusts remaining on a surface of the semiconductor package and the tray as well as enhancing the workability and productivity in an air shower process by forming a plurality of through holes in a floor of the tray. CONSTITUTION: A tray body(120) is formed of a rectangular flat plate. A plurality of pockets(140) are arrayed on a top surface of the tray body(120), and their floor of the pocket for seating the semiconductor package consists of a body supporting part(142) and a lead supporting part(144). Handles(160) are formed on short sides of the tray body(120). A plurality of vertical through holes(180) are formed in the lead supporting part(144) of the pocket(140) to be corresponding to the leads of the semiconductor package.
Patent KR-20010069116-A (KR)
Title: The method of fabricating semiconductor memory devices
Inventor: KIM DONG HYEON
IPC: H01L27/108
Filed: 2000-01-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor memory device is provided to improve a margin of a photographic process for forming a metal contact. CONSTITUTION: A semiconductor memory device includes a cell array region and a core/peripheral circuit region. An etching stop layer(112) and a lower sacrificial dielectric layer are consecutively formed on a semiconductor substrate(100). The lower sacrificial dielectric layer and the etching stop layer are consecutively patterned to form a storage node hole. The storage node hole exposes a predetermined region of the semiconductor substrate of the cell array region. A storage node electrode(118a) is formed within the storage node hole. The patterned lower sacrificial dielectric layer is etched to a predetermined thickness. A lower sacrificial residue(114b) is formed to expose an upper region of an outside wall of the storage node electrode(118a). A dielectric layer and a plate electrode conductive layer are consecutively formed on a front surface of the result of the lower sacrificial dielectric residue. The plate electrode conductive layer, the dielectric layer, the lower sacrificial dielectric residue and the etching stop layer are consecutively patterned to form a plate electrode. The plate electrode covers the cell array region.
Patent KR-20000053508-A (KR)
Inventor: BECK BRUNO
IPC: F16H63/32
Filed: 2000-01-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: A gearshift fork with a sliding shoe of plastic materials is provided to firmly fix a sliding shoe on a gearshift fork and to economically manufacture the sliding shoe. CONSTITUTION: A gearshift fork with a sliding shoe of plastic materials comprises: for a gearshift fork (1) of a gearshift device of a vehicle transmission, a sliding shoe (3) to at least contain one first slider (4) and one second slider (4); a fork end (2) to be disposed in a fixing part between the first slider and the second slider which are fixed gearing each other; where the first slider and the second slider have respectively a corresponding first contact element (4a) and a corresponding second contact element (4b), and the first slider and the second slider are welded (supersonic waves) through the corresponding first contact element and the corresponding second contact element.
Patent KR-20000030192-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM BYUNG SHIK
IPC: C04B30/02
Filed: 2000-02-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A nonflammable interior material for construction being color patterned is provided, which is characterized by showing an artificial marble by directly printing a beautiful color pattern on the decorative laminate surface or attaching the printed patterned wood-paper for heat resistant composed of glass fiber, active white clay, or bittern ingredients. CONSTITUTION: The manufacturing method for a color patterned decorative laminate comprises of: attaching and laminating the TiO2 paper including a TiO2 as a size agent on the coarse glass fiber surface of a sheet; printing a marble-patterned color pattern on the top of laminated paper; and coating and using an unsaturated polyester resin on the ironed surface as a decorative laminate for a building interior. The paper added TiO2 as the size agent prints easily and overcomes the impossible print of an artificial marble pattern because of the exposition of the glass fiber before.
Patent KR-20000071345-A (KR)
Title: 감소된 전압 레벨을 사용하는 동기화된 데이타 캡쳐 회로및 방법
IPC: G11C7/10
Filed: 2000-02-12
Abstract: 동기화된 데이타 캡쳐 회로는 집적 회로의 타이밍 신호와 데이타 신호의 데이타 캡쳐를 동기화하기 위하여 구성된다.  동기화된 데이타 회로는 감소된 전압 레벨을 가지는 전압 신호를 사용하고, 데이타 신호 및 타이밍 신호는 감소된 전압 레벨보다 높은 제 1 전압 레벨을 가진다.  동기화된 데이타 캡쳐 회로는 타이밍 신호를 수신하기 위하여 배열된 타이밍 드라이버 회로를 포함한다.  타이밍 드라이버 회로는 감소된 전압 레벨을 가지는 감소된 전압 타이밍 신호를 출력한다.  데이타 신호 및 타이밍 신호를 수신하기 위하여 배열된 데이타 드라이버 회로를 포함하고, 상기 데이타 드라이버는 감소된 전압 레벨을 가지는 감소된 전압 클럭 데이타 신호를 출력한다. 타이밍 드라이버 회로 및 데이타 드라이버 회로에 결합된 데이타 클럭킹 회로가 추가로 포함된다.  데이타 클럭킹 회로는 감소된 전압 타이밍 신호 및 감소된 전압 클럭킹 데이타 신호를 수신하기 위하여 배열된다.  데이타 클럭킹 회로는 수신된 전압 레벨보다 높은 제 1 전압 레벨을 가지는 동기화된 캡쳐 데이타를 출력한다.
Patent KR-20010084502-A (KR)
Inventor: EOM HYEON IL
IPC: H01L21/28
Filed: 2000-02-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for forming a metal layer of a semiconductor device is provided to improve a characteristic of a semiconductor device by performing a cobalt salicidation process before forming a contact hole. CONSTITUTION: A gate electrode(44) and a doping region(46) is formed on an upper portion of a silicon substrate(40). Cobalt and Ti are applied thereon by using a chemical vapor deposition method. A TiN layer is formed as a capping layer by sputtering a titanium under a nitrogen gas atmosphere. A Co-salicidation process is performed to form a Co-Ti-Si amorphous layer. A CoSi2 layer and a TiN layer are formed on an upper portion of the Co-Ti-Si amorphous layer. The remaining metal components are removed by using a wet-etching solution. A metal layer(48) including the CoSi2 and the TiN remains only on the doping region. An interlayer dielectric is formed thereon. A contact hole is formed to expose the metal layer(48). An aluminium layer is formed by depositing aluminium thereon. An aluminium wiring(60) is formed by etching the aluminium layer.
Patent KR-20000030697-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE SANG EUN
Filed: 2000-03-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: A price customized electronic commerce method and the system thereof are provided to intermediate goods or service through the conclusion of a trade contract, as a vendor determines the deal for a price suggestion of a purchaser who desires good purchasing and service providing. CONSTITUTION: If a purchaser(400) makes out a purchase order and transfers it to a price negotiating server(200), the price negotiating server(200) adjusts the purchasing desired price of the purchase order and stores the adjusted price in a purchase order detail database. Vendors connected to the price negotiating server(200) confirm the associated purchase order and carry out vendor response(120). The price negotiating server(200) selects a first responded vendor(300) and annunciates the trade conclusion to the purchaser(400) and the vendor(300).
Patent KR-20010006793-A (KR)
Inventor: MACKONEL DANIEL
IPC: H04B10/20
Filed: 2000-03-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus and a method for broadcasting an optical signal within a photoelectric computer network are provided to assign efficiently a resource by transmitting optical signals to selected receivers through a single optical path. CONSTITUTION: A photoelectric computer network(10) comprises a multitude of computers(11-19). Each computers(11-19) has the first optical fiber cable for transmitting an optical signal beam and the second optical fiber cable for receiving the optical signal beam. A system(5) for broadcasting a photoelectric signal within a photoelectric computer network has a lens and a mirror array. The lens divides a received optical signal into a multitude of optical signal. The mirror array guides the divided optical signals to the second optical cables of selected computers.
Patent KR-20010091583-A (KR)
Title: Network-based selling system for home-page
Inventor: PARK GEE SOOK
IPC: G06F17/00
Filed: 2000-03-16
Abstract: PURPOSE: A network based home page sales system is provided to enable a user to have his own home page easily by supplying the user with home page information designed by a home page designer. CONSTITUTION: A plurality of home page file generation PC(Personal Computer)(20) generates a home page information file and a plurality of preview files, and transmits the home page information file and the plurality of preview files to the outside through a communication network(10) in correspondence to login information. A plurality of client PC(30) transmits the login information through the communication network(10), displays a web page which has a commodity code transmitted from the outside and a preview file correspondent to the commodity code, and transmits the commodity code correspondent to the preview file to outside through the communication network(10). A home page sales server(40) forms a plurality of directories according to the login information, transmits the preview file to the client PC(30) in case the login information is inputted from the client PC(30), and transmits a corresponding home page file from the directory to the client PC(30) in case the commodity code is inputted from the client PC(30).
Patent KR-20010094576-A (KR)
Title: Weight measuring apparatus using personal computer
Inventor: KIM MIN GEON
IPC: G06Q50/22
Filed: 2000-03-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A weighting machine using a PC is provided for a user to show the own weight and health condition any time and manage the record by simply connecting the weighting machine to the PC. CONSTITUTION: A load cell(12), which is mounted on the lower side of the weighting board, is electrically connected with an amplifier(13), a low path filter(14), and an A(Analog)/D(Digital) converter(15). A micom(16) controls the amplifier, low path filter, and A/D converter through a controller logic(17). A memory(18) performs backup of the auto-zero adjust function and span adjust calibration data, and remembers the needed data in power-off. A communication port(19) is connected with a body of the PC(20) through an RS232C line(30). The PC includes a monitor(22) which displays the result of a software, a keyboard(23) which inputs every instruction, and a speaker(24) which generates various multimedia. The mechanical power pressed on the weighting board is converted into an electronic weighting signal through a sensor of the load cell. The electronic weighting signal is converted into a digital signal through the amplifier, low path filter, and A/D converter, and transferred to the PC in the RS232C type through the micom. The PC receives the weighting data, displays the weight value on the monitor by driving a specific software program, and executes the memory, recording, and processing.
Patent KR-20000049503-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JUN GIL
IPC: A47C17/00
Filed: 2000-03-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A sectional sofa is provided to fabricate and manufacture easily on the spot after producing separately a sofa for domestic or office use, thereby simplifying the manufacture of a sofa and reducing the expenses by separating components, distributing and keeping. CONSTITUTION: A sectional sofa comprises the steps of; forming an armrest (11a")(11b") on the upper part of a supporting leg (11a')(11b'); fixing a side frame (12a)(12b) on the inside of a supporting leg (11a')(11b'); placing a frame member (11a)(11b) separately manufactured by penetrating a coupling hole (13) on the side of a supporting leg (11a')(11b'); bolting a horizontal supporter (14a)(14b) in a coupling hole (13) of a supporting leg (11a')(11b') for fixing a frame member (11a)(11b) at regular space; placing a cushion (15) on the upper part of a horizontal supporter (14a)(14b).
Patent KR-20010094854-A (KR)
Title: Coil assembly fixed device of solenoid valve for ABS
Inventor: PARK GYEONG IL
IPC: B60T8/00
Filed: 2000-04-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: A coil assembly fixing device of a solenoid valve for an ABS(Anti-lock Brake System) is provided to increase assembly workability by improving structure of the coil assemblage and to reduce a producing cost of the entire ABS. CONSTITUTION: A coil assembly fixer of a solenoid valve in an ABS comprises a plural valve assembly(31) containing a sleeve(31e) of a cylinder shape; an amateur(12f) opening or closing an orifice(31a) by being mounted in the sleeve; a bobbin(32b) inserting the sleeve of the valve assembly; a coil(32a) wound on the bobbin; plural coil assemblies(32) arranged in an ECU(Electronic Control Unit) housing(11) with a specific interval; a connecting member(33) connecting plural coil assemblies in maintaining the specific interval; a combine member(34) placing the coil assemblies on the ECU housing; a cover(33a) over molded by rubber to cover the coil of the coil assemblies; a bridge(33b) connecting the outside of the cover in molding the cover; a first protrusion(34a) protruded on the outside of the cover; and a second protrusion(34b) formed in an inner wall of the ECU housing.
Patent KR-20010099536-A (KR)
Inventor: AHN BYEONG CHEOL
IPC: G02F1/136
Filed: 2000-04-27
Abstract: 발명은 액정표시장치 및 그의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서 트랜지스터영역과 캐패시터영역을 갖는 투명기판과; 상기 투명기판 상의 상기 트랜지스터영역에 형성된 게이트전극과, 상기 투명기판 상에 상기 게이트전극을 덮도록 형성된 게이트절연막과, 상기 게이트절연막 상의 상기 게이트전극과 대응하는 부분에 형성된 활성층과, 상기 활성층 상에 오믹접촉층을 개재시켜 형성된 소오스 및 드레인전극으로 이루어진 박막트랜지스터와; 투명기판과 상의 상기 캐패시터영역에 형성되며 게이트라인으로 이용되는 하부전극과, 상기 투명기판 상에 상기 하부전극을 덮도록 형성되며 상기 트랜지스터영역에서 게이트절연막으로 사용되는 유전막과, 상기 유전막 상의 상기 하부전극과 대응하는 부분에 측면이 노출되게 형성된 상부전극으로 이루어진 캐패시터와; 상기 캐패시터의 상부전극의 측면이 노출되며 상기 박막트랜지스터와 상기 상부전극을 덮도록 형성된 패시베이션층과, 상기 드레인전극과 전기적으로 연결되며 상기 상부전극의 인접하는 박막트랜지스터와 반대하는 측면과 접촉되게 형성된 화소전극을 구비한다. 
     따라서, 인접하는 화소전극 사이의 이격 거리를 증가시켜 패터닝시 잔사 등에 의한 단락을 방지할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20000049977-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE HUN
IPC: G06Q20/40
Filed: 2000-05-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A sanction system for depositing an electronic money certification by biological characteristics and an e-commerce clear system, is provided to equip a mileage system on an electronic circuit by use of biological characteristics to output or transfer a user's money which reversed on the electronic circuit such as credit or bankbook. CONSTITUTION: A sanction system for depositing an electronic money certification by biological characteristics and an e-commerce clear system, under a precondition inputted in a center for authentication existed biological characteristics to a particular person on an electronic circuit, deals an electronic money safely as a server recognizes and authenticates the biological characteristics in a database, via a wire phone, a private terminal, or cellular phone by making an authentication device as fingerprints, voices, pupils, a DNA, and components in blood.
Patent KR-20010104516-A (KR)
Inventor: SHIN CHUN HWAN
Filed: 2000-05-15
Abstract: 폴리슬폰, 폴리에치렌, 폴리푸로피렌등으로 제조된 중공사를 일정길이로 절단하여 이를 반으로 접은 수십 또는 수백가닥의 단부를 집속시켜 집속부를 합성수지관내에 에폭시수지 또는 폴리우레탄수지로 폿팅(Potting)시키므로서 수십 수백가닥의 중공사를 분산시킨형으로된 생물막 모듈의 제작 방법에 관한 것으로 폐수의 생물학적처리에 있어 분산형의 생물막이 표면적이 크므로 막간차압을 줄일 수 있어 운전설계가 용이하고 또한 우수한 여과 기능을 가지므로서 1급수의 여과수를 다량으로 얻을 수 있는 중공사 분산배치에 의한 생물막 모듈에 관한 것임
Patent KR-20010109649-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE JUN U
Filed: 2000-06-01
Abstract: 본 발명은 차량의 파워윈도우 수동 조절구조에 대해 제시한다. 본 발명은 윈도우 글래스가 장착되는 리프트 캐리어와, 리프트 캐리어에 양 단부가 연결되는 케이블이 권취된 스풀 드럼과, 스풀 드럼과 전동 가능하게 결합되어 모터의 구동기어에 의해 정·역 회전하는 피동기어와, 피동기어와 전동 가능하게 결합되어 그를 스풀 드럼에 밀착시켜 주는 푸시 드럼과, 위의 요소들을 동축적으로 회전 가능하게 수용하는 하우징으로 이루어진 레귤레이터에 의해 차량의 파워윈도우를 개폐시키는 구조에 있어서, 푸시 드럼에 렌치 등의 공구가 전동 가능하게 결합되는 공구결합슬롯이 형성되고, 하우징의 커버와 도어의 내부패널 및 도어 트림에 공구가 푸시 드럼의 공구결합슬롯과 결합될 수 있도록 관통하는 공구안내구멍들이 각각 형성된다. 그리고 도어 트림의 공구안내구멍에는 그를 선택적으로 개방시키기 위한 캡이 장착된다. 본 발명은 파워윈도우 레귤레이터의 구동모터 또는 차량의 전기장치에 결함이 발생되어 파워윈도우의 자동 개폐가 불가능하게 되더라도 렌치 등의 공구를 이용하여 레귤레이터의 스풀 드럼을 수동으로 조작함으로써 윈도우 글래스를 간단히 개폐시킬 수 있게 된다.
Patent KR-20010039634-A (KR)
Title: Plasm treatment to enhance adhesion and to minimize oxidation of carbon-containing layers
Inventor: HUANG JUDY H
IPC: H01L21/316
Filed: 2000-06-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method and a system of post-deposition treating a carbon-containing layer on a substrate are provided to improve the oxidation resistance or loss resistance of a film by using a processing mode for generating treatment plasma or the treatment plasma. CONSTITUTION: An analytical recording data of electron spectroscopy/X-ray photoelectron spectro-scanning for chemical analysis performed on the variation of the chemical composition and coupling structure of an SiC layer, which is deposited on a dielectric layer and exposed to treatment plasma, such as He plasma and N2O plasma are produced. As a result, the coupling structure is fixed through the He plasma treatment. The surface composition of the SiC layer is changed by N2O plasma treatment and becomes to contain many C-C or C-H couplings and in addition, protects Si dangling couplings or other dangling couplings. The coupling variation on the surface strengthens adhesion of the SiC layer to the next layer. N2O oxidizes the thin portion of the layer through controlled exposure and forms a surface having a higher resistance with respect to deeper oxidation as compared with an untreated layer.
Patent KR-20010113212-A (KR)
Inventor: JUNG JIN UK
IPC: G01B7/02
Filed: 2000-06-17
Abstract: 본 발명은 타이어의 로디드 섹션(Lodead Section) 폭을 측정하는 장치에 관한 것으로서, 상세히는 하중장치의 작업 테이블(2) 상에 설치된 눈금자(3)의 가이드 라인(4)(4')을 타고 슬라이딩 하는 ㄱ자 모양으로 된 2개의 측정막대(6)(6')로 타이어의 로디드 섹션 폭을 측정하되, 디지매틱 캘리퍼(digimatic caliper)에 부착된 위치센서와 같은 길이 측정센서(5)에 의해 상기 로디드 섹션 폭이 액정판(1)에 디지털 값으로 표시되도록 구성된 로디드 섹션 폭 측정장치에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20020000283-A (KR)
Title: Structure For Assembling The Innner Case And Outter Case Of Kim-Chi Refrigerator
Inventor: LEE YEONG GIL
IPC: F25D23/00
Filed: 2000-06-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: An inner and outer case assembly is provided to prevent cooling air from being leaked through the gap formed between the inner case and the front sliding storage case of the kimchi storage device. CONSTITUTION: A kimchi storage device includes a main body having a cooling unit and a kimchi storage container incorporated into the main body, and which conserves a heat by a heat insulating material(10) and has an operation panel attached to the front surface of the main body; an upper door for covering the main body of the kimchi storage device, and which operates by a hinge; a front sliding storage case for storing vegetables, and which slides in forward and backward directions within an opening formed at the lower end of the main body of the kimchi storage device; and an evaporating pipe installed at the inner upper surface of the front sliding storage case, and which is shut off by a shielding plate. An inner and outer case assembly includes a first bent portion(15a) formed by bending downward an outer case(15) of the main body of the kimchi storage device; a second bent portion(16a) formed by bending an end of an inner case(16) in such a manner that the second bent portion contacts and wraps around the first bent portion; an auxiliary panel(18) having an end contacting the second bent portion and the other end fixed to the rear surface of the outer case so as to form a hollow portion(15b); and a screw(22) for coupling the inner case and the auxiliary panel.
Patent KR-20010029875-A (KR)
Title: An integrated circuit and a process for manufacturing the integrated circuit
Inventor: ABDELGADIR MAHJOUB ALI
IPC: H01L21/76
Filed: 2000-07-01
Abstract: PURPOSE: To form a planarized shallow trench insulation region, without the use of chemical and mechanical polishing by removing a part of an insulation layer formed on a material layer to expose a part of a trench insulation layer, and then removing the insulation layer on the material layer using a life-off process. CONSTITUTION: A pad oxide layer 105 is formed between a material layer 110 and a substrate 100, and after a trench is formed by etching, an insulation layer 130 is formed on the material layer 110 and in the trench. The material and deposition process of the insulation layer 130 are selected to form a thin region 135. When the material layer 110 of SiN is etched, using hot phosphoric acid after a region 125 of the material layer 110 is exposed by removing the thin region 135, an insulation region 140 above the pad oxide has a step height in the range of 200-1,000 Å and the insulation region 140 has an overall thickness X5 in the range of 3,500-4,000 Å. According to the method, a planarized shallow trench insulation region can be formed, without using chemical and mechanical polishing.
Patent KR-20020003472-A (KR)
Title: Compositions of silicon gel and cosmetic materials therein
Inventor: KIM DONG MYEONG
IPC: A61Q1/02
Filed: 2000-07-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: A silicone gel composition and a color cosmetic containing the same are provided, which cosmetic has improved spreadability, and maintains moisture retaining activity. CONSTITUTION: The silicone gel composition contains 10 to 20 wt.% of cross-linked silicone polymer, 10 to 60 wt.% of cyclomethicone, 10 to 60 wt.% of silicones and 0.5 to 3.0 wt.% of lipid-soluble gelling agent, in which the cross-linked silicone polymer has specific gravity of 0.9 0.05, bulk density of 0.18 0.05, average particle diameter of 2 to 15 micrometer and oil absorption of 70 to 80g/g; the cyclomethicone has D4 and D5 structure; the silicones are stearoxy dimethicone, lauryldimethicone copolymer, dimethicone copolyol; the lipid-soluble gelation agent has specific gravity of 0.96 to 0.98, density of 1000 to 2000cps, refraction rate of 1.38 to 1.43 and average particle diameter of 2 to 3 micrometer.