Patent GB-468956-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of means for washing, emulsifying, moistening and preventing the formation of insoluble soaps
Filed: 1936-01-13
Abstract: Sulphonated products having wetting, washing, emulsifying and lime soap protective properties, suitable for use in the textile, leather, fur and paper industries and in the preparation of cosmetics are prepared by the sulphonation and condensation of completely saturated cyclic hydrocarbons and aliphatic hydroxy compounds or their corresponding olefines.  The condensation is effected in the presence of dehydrating agents such as halogen sulphuric acids, sulphuryl chloride, oleum or phosphorus chlorides.  Metal chlorides may also be employed.  The condensation and sulphonation may be effected simultaneously or the hydroxy compound or olefine may be first sulphonated and then condensed with the second component.  The products, which may be formed from more than one cyclic hydrocarbon or more than one hydroxycompound or olefine may be neutralized with metal hydroxides or organic bases.  Petroleum distillates or coal distillation products rich in cycloparaffins may be used as starting materials.  In examples, hexahydrobenzene is condensed and sulphonates with butyl, cetyl, and olein alcohols and also with amylene; cetyl alcohol is sulphonated and condensed with decahydronaphthalene in a further example.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also (a) the condensation of completely saturated cyclic hydrocarbons with aliphatic, aromatic, hydroaromatic or heterocyclic hydrocarbons containing oxygen groups, and (b) the condensation of aromatic, hydroaromatic or completely saturated hydrocarbons with olefines or aromatic, hydroaromatic or heterocyclic hydrocarbons having side chains containing double linkages or chlorine atoms, with simultaneous sulphonation or phosphorization.  In further examples: (1) an unsaturated alcohol, e.g. olein alcohol is treated with chlorine or hypochlorous acid and the chlorinated product condensed with naphthalene sulphonic acid in the presence of aluminium chloride and a dehydrating agent, e.g. chlorsulphonic acid, phosphorus pentoxide or zinc chloride; (2) olein alcohol is treated with chlorsulphonic acid and the chlorinated ester produced is condensed with naphthalene or tetrahydronaphthalene in the presence of chlorsulphonic acid and aluminium chloride; (3) olein alcohol, after sulphonation with chlorsulphonic acid is condensed with aromatic, hydroaromatic or aliphatic compounds such as benzol, toluene, decahydronaphthalene or their sulphonic acids or salicylic or phthalic acid sulphonic acids; (4) a mixture of benzyl alcohol and decahydronaphthalene is sulphonated; (5) olein alcohol is condensed with a sulphonated naphthalene mixture and the condensation product further reacted with decahydronaphthalene. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Sulphonated products having emulsifying properties, are prepared by the sulphonation and condensation of completely saturated cyclic hydrocarbons and aliphatic hydroxy compounds or their corresponding olefines.  The condensation is effected in the presence of dehydrating agents such as halogen sulphonic acids, sulphuryl chloride, oleum or phosphorus chlorides.  Metal chlorides may also be employed.  The products, which may be formed from more than one cyclic hydrocarbon or more than one hydroxy compound or olefine may be neutralized with metal hydroxides or organic bases.  Petroleum distillates or coal distillation products rich in cycloparaffins may be used as starting materials.  In examples hexahydrobenzene is condensed and sulphonated with butyl, cetyl and olein alcohols and also with amylene; cetyl alcohol is sulphonated and condensed with decahydronaphthalene in a further example.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also (a) the condensation of completely saturated cyclic hydrocarbons with aliphate, aromatic hydroaromatic or heterocyclic hydrocarbons containing oxygen groups, and (b) the condensation of aromatic, hydroaromatic or completely saturated hydrocarbons with olefines or aromatic, hydroaromatic or heterocyclic hydrocarbons having side chains containing double linkages or chlorine atoms, with simultaneous sulphonation or phosphorization.  In further examples: (1) an unsaturated alcohol, e.g. olein alcohol is treated with chlorine or hypochlorous acid and the chlorinated product condensed with naphthalene sulphonic acid in the presence of aluminium chloride and a dehydrating agent, e.g. chlorsulphonic acid, phosphorus pentoxide or zinc chloride; (2) olein alcohol is treated with chlorsulphonic acid and the chlorinated ester produced is condensed with naphthalene or tetrahydronaphthalene in the presence of chlorsulphonic acid and aluminium chloride; (3) olein alcohol, after sulphonation with chlorsulphonic acid is condensed with aromatic, hydroaromatic or aliphatic compounds such as benzol, toluene, decahydronaphthalene or their sulphonic acids or salicylic or phthalic acid sulphonic acids; (4) a mixture of benzyl-alcohol and decahydronaphthalene is sulphonated; (5) olein alcohol is condensed with a sulphonated naphthalene mixture and the condensation product further reacted with decahydronaphthalene.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.