Patent GB-752037-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for the manufacture of hollow glass articles particularly bottles and the like
IPC: C03B9/20
Filed: 1954-07-07
Abstract: 752,037. Glass manufacture. ATELIERS, J. HANREZ. July 7, 1954 [July, 28, 1953], No. 19954/54. Class 56 Bottles and the like are formed in a parison or blank-forming and one or two finishing operations, the finishing mould carrier being shaped to hold two moulds, the first mould being used either as the final mould of a two-phase blowing operation, in which' case the bottle is transferred to the second mould for a waiting period, or as an intermediate mould in a three-phase blowing operation in which case the final formation e.g. by the picker 62c, is effected in the said second mould. The operation of the mould parts and also of a transfer means which moves the bottles from the first to. the second mould, and from the second mould to a discharge shoot 78. is effected by an intermittently rotated cam disc 41 which is driven and braked frictionally, which permits the use of a high mean speed to produce a high output. The parison mould 55 is of known type and is reciprocated horizontally into and out of a melting furnace 1 to gather a gob, the furnace door 3 being intermittently removed to permit this. The mould 55 is strickled by a knife 56, the gob is impressed, in known manner by the punch 57 and the mould bottom 58 is applied, as described below, preparatory to blowing. The parison is lowered by known means B into the first mould 160a of the finishing mould carrier. The transfer of the bottles from first to second mould 160b, and to discharge, is effected by a reciprocating tongs member 30, described below, and the discharged bottle passes through the shoot 78 to the conveyer 79. The disc 41 is one of a number of cam discs on a shaft driven by a pinion 40 meshed with a gear 39 on a shaft 30 which is co-axial with a continuously rotating shaft 9 driven by a belt 8 from the motor 6. The drive to the shaft 30 is through a clutch disc 12 on the shaft 9 and two discs 28, 29 integrally joined to slide, under the action of rollers 31, on the shaft 30. When the discs 28. 29 are moved towards the disc 12, the clutch is effective and the shaft 30 and the disc 41 revolve. When the discs 28, 29' are moved to the left, the disc 29 moves against a stationary disc 85 which acts as a brake and brings the disc 41 to rest very quickly. A further brake disc 36 is movable as described below, by the pressure cylinder 38 against the disc 12, to stop the whole machine in case of emergency. An expanding pulley 11 is mounted on the shaft 9 and continuously drives a drum 14. The bearing 17 of the drum is rotatable by a worm shaft 21 rotatable by a handle 22 about the axis of the shaft 23, so that adjustment of the shaft 21 alters the distance between centres of the drum 14 and pulley 11, and thus varies the speed of rotation of the shaft 23 and the cam drum 27 driven thereby. The cams on the drum bear on a roller 48 at the end of a lever arm 47 on a shaft 46, so that depression of the arm 47 against the action of a spring 50, swings the levers 32, 42 clockwise and presses the disc 28 against the driving disc 12 and thus clutches the shaft 30 to the shaft 9. The disc 28 is held against the disc 12 by a cam on the disc  41 engaging the roller 53. When the cam releases the roller 53, the spring 50 returns the linkage and presses the disc 29 against the fixed disc 35 and thus stops the shaft 30. The disc 41 is formed with a number of cams for operating the door 3 by linkage 129, 132. 133; for moving the parison transfer means B through a similar linkage; for opening and closing the finishing mould carrier 60 and raising and lowering the bottom members of the finishing moulds; and through linkage 95, 94 to reciprocate the bottle transfer means 80 which carries the bottom closure 58 for the parison mould. The bottles to be transferred are raised slightly in the opened moulds to bring the tops of the bottle necks into the plane of operation of the transfer means 80. These means consist of tongs arms having two pairs of bottle-holding recesses 81, 82, Fig. 5 spaced as are the bottles in the moulds. The tongs are carried by a slider 84 which is reciprocated, with lost motion, along guides 85 by the rod 94 which is pivoted at 93 to a rod 92, slidable in the slider 84, whereby the slider and tongs are moved forward by the abutment of the joint 93 with the back of the slider. During this movement. the tongs arms are  forced apart, against the action of a spring 86, by cam-faced head 87 on the rod 92 engaging rollers 89 on the tongs arms. When the rods 92 94 are retracted, the head 87 is withdrawn and the bottle necks are engaged by the tongs, after which the head 87 engages the face 91 of the slider and moves it, with the tongs and bottles, to the right. The next movement of the rods to the left causes the tongs to open and deposit the bottles, one into the second finishing mould and the other into the discharge shoot. The bottom closure 58 of the parison mould is pivoted at 97 to the slider 84 so that as the bottles are moved to' the right, the closure 58 is removed from the path of the descending parison. The closure 58 is swung up into its operative position by a roller 98 on a yoke 101 which is pivoted to the guides 85 at 100 and is connected by a link 103 to a piston 104 in a pneumatic cylinder. A spring 106 tends to keep the closure 58 inoperative in which position the piston 104 closes the end of a pipe 107a which supplies compressed air for blowing the blank. This air is admitted at 107, the admission closing the bottom of the parison mould, ensuring that blowing is attempted only when the mould is closed. The blowing in the finishing moulds is effected by vacuum supplied by pipes 64a, 641) and applied in known manner, through passages. to the mould. The air and vacuum supplies are controlled by valves 109, 110, Fig. 2, actuated by cams on the drum 27. The parison and finishing moulds 55, 60 are cooled by air supplied from a duct 115, to .boxes 119 120 between which the moulds are situated. The boxes have openings 121. 122 123 for delivering air to the finishing moulds and 124, 125, 126 to the parison mould. Each  box contains a pivoted shutter 127 which in one position directs air to the opening 123, and in the other closes the said opening whereby the major part of the air is directed on to the blank mould 55. The openings 121, 122 for cooling the finishing mould bottoms are always open. The shutters are connected by rods 137 to to levers 138 which are coupled by a spring 143 tending to uncover the passages 123. The links 129 of the furnace dooroperating means abut against the levers 138 and swing the shutters to close the passages 123. - The blank mould 55 thus receives the major part of the cooling air whilst it is stationary between two gathering movements and the finishing moulds are cooled when they contain glass to be moulded. Fig. 8 shows a pneumatic control system, the normal push-button start and stop switch 144 having a lever 145a which, when pressure is admitted to a cylinder 145 depresses the "stop" button. The main air supply pipe 150 is permanently connected at 156 to a valve 146 which is opened by a cam on the cam disc 41, another cam-operated valve 147 also being permanently connected. A three-way cock 149 connects the airsupply either directly to the cylinder 145 for stopping the machine or to the valve- 146, or to the valve 147. In every case, when pressure reaches the cylinder 145, the motor is stopped and air is admitted: to the .cylinder 38 which applies the brake disc 36 to the clutch disc 12 to bring the machine quickly to rest. If the operator has reason to suspect trouble in the machine, he moves the cock 149 to connect it directly to the cylinder 145 which stops the machine for inspection. When restarted, and during the commencement of a run when mis-shapes &c. may be expected the cock 149 connects with the valve 146 which is opened by the cam disc 41 after each operating cycle. This allows air to pass from the valve 146, through the cock 149 to the cylinder 145 and the machine is stopped. When normal running conditions are established, the cock 149 is connected to the valve 147 through a valve 148 on the finishing moulds 60 which, when the moulds areproperly closed vents to the atmosphere. Thus when the valve 147 is momentarily opened by the cam disc 41, the air released by the valve is vented inoperatively to atmosphere if the moulds are properly closed. If they are not properly closed, the valve 148 allows the air pressure to reach the cylinder 145 which stops the machine. As shown in Fig. 6, the halves of the finishing mould shells 160a, 160b are held together by one, or two, balancing devices 160 which are pivoted to the mould carriers at 161.