Patent GB-1026879-A (GB)
Title: Surface coating ester resins
Inventor: EVANS EDWARD MICHAEL
IPC: C09F7/10
Filed: 1962-03-13
Abstract: A water-dispersible surface-coating resin comprises a polyhydric alcohol having at least 3 hydroxyl groups per molecule which are modified as follows:-  (a) At least one is esterified or transesterified with a compound "functioning as" an unsaturated oil; (b) At least one is esterified to introduce free or potential carboxylic groups by treatment with a polycarboxylic acid or anhydride or partial ester thereof with an alcohol containing one or more b ,g -ethylenically unsaturated ether groups; and  (c) Where the esterification in (b) is carried out with a polycarboxylic acid or anhydride, at least one hydroxyl group is esterified with a partial ester of a polycarboxylic acid or anhydride and an alcohol containing one or more b ,q -ethylenically unsaturated ether groups. The number of carboxylic or potential carboxylic groups introduced is sufficient to give a water-dispersible resin having an acid value in excess of 50 mgms. of potassium hydroxide per gram.  A compound "functioning as" an unsaturated oil is defined as a triglyceride or other ester of an ethylenically unsaturated fatty acid having at least 12 carbon atoms in the carbon chain.  Examples of suitable triglycerides are tung, oiticica, linseed, soya, cotton-seed, dehydrated castor, perilla, tall and unsaturated fish oils.  Other suitable esters are methyl and polyglycol esters of the acids derived from these oils. Suitable polycarboxylic acids are, for example, phthalic, tetrahydrophthalic, maleic, succinic, trimellitic and pyromellitic acids. Suitable b ,q -ethylenically unsaturated ether alcohols are, e.g. glycerol diallyl ether, trimethylol propane diallyl ether, ethylene glycol mono allyl ether and pentaerythritol triallyl ether. A solution of the resin in, for example, triethylamine and 2-butoxy ethanol is completely miscible with water to form the basis of paints or coating compositions to which the usual metallic driers, e.g. cobalt, fillers and pigments may be added.ALSO:The invention comprises water-dispersible surface-coating resins which contain a polyhydric alcohol having at least 3 hydroxyl groups per molecule which are esterified as follows:-  (a) At least one is esterified or trans-esterified with a compound "functioning as" an unsaturated oil; (b) At least one is esterified to introduce free or potential carboxylic groups by treatment with a polycarboxylic acid or anhydride or partial ester thereof with an alcohol containing one or more b ,g -ethylenically unsaturated ether groups; and  (c) Where the esterification in (b) is carried out with a polycarboxylic acid or anhydride, at least one hydroxyl group is esterified with a partial ester of a polycarboxylic acid or anhydride and an alcohol containing one or more b ,g -ethylenically unsaturated ether groups.  The number of carboxylic or potential carboxylic groups introduced is sufficient to give a water-dispersible resin having an acid value in excess of 50 mgms. of potassium hydroxide per gram.  A compound "functioning as" an unsaturated oil is defined as a triglyceride or other ester of an ethylenically unsaturated fatty acid having at least 12 carbon atoms in the carbon chain. Examples of suitable triglycerides are tung, oiticica, linseed, soya, cotton seed, dehydrated castor, perilla, tall and unsaturated fish oils.  Other suitable esters are the methyl and polyglycol esters of the acids derived from these oils. Suitable polyhydric alcohols are, for example, glycerol, trimethylol propane and pentaerythritol. Suitable polycarboxylic acids are, for example, phthalic, tetrahydrophthalic, maleic, succinic, trimellitic and pyromellitic acids. Suitable b ,g -ethylenically unsaturated ether alcohols are, e.g. glycerol diallyl ether, trimethylol propane diallyl ether, ethylene glycol monoally ether and pentaerythritol triallyl ether. The various esterification steps are carried out by known esterification processes.