Patent GB-596047-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in dyeing
IPC: D06P1/00
Filed: 1945-07-16
Abstract: A dyeing composition comprises a water-soluble phenol alcohol dissolved in an aqueous dispersion of carbon black or a water-insoluble dyestuff containing at least one amino, imino, ketonic or hydroxyl group.  The preferred phenol alcohol is hydroxybenzyl alcohol to which may be added a water-soluble melamineformaldehyde condensate or a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol. Non-animal organic textile fibres are coloured by applying the above composition, after which the material is dried and subjected to heat and pressure to fix the dyestuff.  Insoluble dyestuffs specified are the water-insoluble vat, azo, triphenylmethane and phthalocyanin dyestuffs and the water-insoluble phosphor-tungstic and phospho-molybdic basic dyestuff complexes.  When used for printing, a thickener may be incorporated.  Acid accelerators such as maleic acid, maleic anhydride, tartaric acid, phthalic acid and ammonium chloride or sulphate may be present to accelerate the bonding effect of the phenol alcohol on heating.  In examples: (1) cotton fabric is printed with a paste containing carbon black, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, maleic anhydride and gum karaya, dried and heated to 160 DEG  C. at 400 lbs. pressure; (2) cotton fabric is printed with a composition containing carbon black, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol and maleic anhydride and finished as in (1); (3) cotton fabric is printed with a composition containing the water-insoluble azo dyestuff o-toluidine --> phenyl pyrazolone, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, maleic anhydride and gum tragacanth and finished as in (1); (4) cotton fabric is printed with a composition containing the phthalocyanine dyestuff Monastral Green, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, melamine-formaldehyde condensate, succinic acid and gum karaya, and finished as in (1); (5) cotton fabric is dyed on one side with a composition containing Monastral Blue, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, maleic anhydride and gum karaya, dried, dyed on its other side with a composition containing the insoluble vat dyestuff Calcosol Brown RP1151, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, maleic anhydride and gum karaya, again dried and then heated to 160 DEG  C. at 400 lbs. pressure; (6) nylon is printed with a composition containing carbon black, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, maleic anhydride and gum tragacanth, and the dyeing fixed by heating to 185-190 DEG  C. at 400 lbs. pressure; (7) nylon is printed with a composition containing carbanthrene black, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, maleic anhydride and gum karaya, and finished as in (6); (8) nylon fabric is printed with a composition containing the azo dyestuff p-nitro-o-toluidine --> b  - hydroxy - naphthoic acid anilide, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde condensate, ammonium chloride and gum tragacanth, and finished as in (6); (9) cellulose acetate artificial silk is printed with a composition containing Monastral Green GF, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, water-soluble melamine - formaldehyde condensate, ammonium chloride and gum tragacanth and heated to 150-160 DEG  C. at a pressure of 5 lbs. per square inch; (10) cellulose acetate fabric is treated with a composition containing Calcosol Blue RS, hydroxybenzyl alcohol, water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde condensate, ammonium chloride and gum tragacanth, and finished as in (9); and (11) cellulose acetate fabric is printed with a composition containing the insoluble azo dyestuff benzidine yellow (dichlorbenzidine --> acetoacetanilide), hydroxybenzyl alcohol, water-soluble melamineformaldehyde condensate, ammonium sulphate and gum tragacanth, and finished as in (9).