Patent GB-799039-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for reactions involving gases and/or liquids
Inventor: HOLLINGS RAYMOND
IPC: B01F7/00
Filed: 1955-09-21
Abstract: <PICT:0799039/IV (b)/1> <PICT:0799039/IV (b)/2> The treatment of alkyl benzene with a mixture of sulphur trioxide vapour and air for the production of sulphonated alkyl benzene, as described in Specification 799,038 is constructed in an apparatus constructed of an acid resistent material, e.g. stainless steel, in the form of a cylindrical rotor A inside of a cylindrical stator wheel B with the axis of rotation of the rotor eccentric with respect to the stator and a reaction chamber of non-uniform deposed therebetween.  The longitudinal blades C hinged to the rotor so as to allow the edges of the blade to make constant contact with the shell of the stator, are perforated to allow communication between the reaction zones.  The air and sulphur trioxide vapour is supplied by means of the port F and alkyl benzene is supplied to the inlet D and is dispersed by means of radial blades E mounted on the end of the rotor.  The reactant substances may also be displaced by means of a fan adjacent to the inlet ports.  The ratio of the flow of sulphur dioxide to that of alkyl benzene is maintained constant and the degree of turbulence is dependent on the speed of the rotor, the eccentricity of the rotor with respect to the shell, the number of blades and the number of holes in the blades.  The reaction mixture passes to a centrifugal separator G driven by the same shaft which drives the rotor A, and the liquid components of the reaction mixture are separated and taken off at the outlet port H to be sent to the neutralization stage.  The separated gas is drawn off and may be treated to remove entrained liquid spray before recycling.ALSO:<PICT:0799039/III/1> <PICT:0799039/III/2> An apparatus, for liquid phase chemical reactions, in which there is intense turbulence and mixing of the reactants and wherein the supply or evolution of heat from the reaction zone has to be controlled to prevent deterioration of reactants or products due to local overheating, comprises a stator and a rotor mounted on coincident or parallel axes and defining a reaction chamber therebetween of a nonuniform annulus; blades mounted on the stator or the rotor so as to extend across the reaction chamber and maintain contact with the rotor or stator correspondingly, thus dividing the reaction chamber into compartments which increase and decrease in volume as the rotor is rotated and restricted communication is established between the adjacent compartments of the chamber, e.g. by means of perforations in the blades.  For the treatment of alkyl benzene with a mixture of sulphur trioxide vapour and air for the production of sulphonated alkyl benzene, as described in Specification 799,038, [Group IV (b)], the apparatus is constructed of an acid-resistant material, e.g. stainless steel, in the form of a cylindrical rotor A inside of a cylindrical stator wheel B with the axis of rotation of the rotor eccentric with respect to the stator.  The longitudinal blades C, hinged to the rotor so as to allow the edges of the blade to make constant contact with the shell of the stator, are perforated to allow communication between the reaction zones.  The air and sulphur trioxide vapour is supplied by means of the port F and alkyl benzene is supplied to the inlet D and is dispersed by means of radial blades E mounted on the end of the rotor.  The reactant substances may also be displaced by means of a fan adjacent to the inlet ports (not shown).  The ratio of the flow of sulphur dioxide to that of alkyl benzene is maintained constant and the degree of turbulence &c. is dependent on the speed of the rotor, the eccentricity of the rotor with respect to the shell, and the number of blades and the number of holes in the blades. The reaction mixture passes to a centrifugal separator G driven by the same shaft which drives the rotor A and the liquid components of the reaction mixture are separated and taken off at the outlet port H to be sent to the neutralization stage.  The separated gas is drawn off and may be treated to remove entrained liquid spray before recycling.