Patent GB-819619-A (GB)
Title: Erosion control
Inventor: JR RALPH EARL LAYMAN
IPC: C10L9/10
Filed: 1957-10-11
Abstract: Masses of mineral fines are protected from the erosive action of air currents and water by applying to the surface thereof an emulsion of an alkyd resin in water, at a rate of between 0.25 and 5 pounds of resin solids per 100 square feet of surface, causing the emulsion to penetrate into the surface of the finely-divided mineral mass and drying the emulsion, thus causing said emulsion to form a stable alkyd resin resiliently and adhesively uniting the surface layer of mineral fines particles to each other as a waterpermeable, water-insoluble, erosion-resistant flexible layer on the exposed face of the mineral fines mass.  Materials which may be so treated include anthracite and bituminous coal, ore flotation concentrates, flotation tailings, cyanidation tailings, finely divided metallic products, fluorite, silicates and iron ores, and dust from smelting, grinding, crushing, quarrying or blasting.  The mass of fines may be pre-wet with water which may contain a wetting agent.  Suitable alkyd resin emulsions include the oil-in-water emulsions of a glyceride oil-modified alkyd resin and the alkyd resin prepared from the adduct of an alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms with a polyhydric alcohol having at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 4 hydroxy groups, a dibasic aliphatic acid and an aliphatic unsaturated monobasic acid; the emulsions may be prepared under alkaline conditions.  The oilmodified alkyd may be prepared from phthalic, oxalic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, sebacic, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic, citric, tartaric, malic, or tricarballylic acid or mixtures thereof (small amounts of maleic, fumaric, aconitic and itaconic acids may also be present) and glycerol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, pinacol, arabitol, xylitol, mannitol, trimethylol propane, trimethylol ethane, sorbitol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, other alkane diols and mixtures thereof, and modified with coconut oil, palm kernel oil, babasu oil, rape seed oil, mustard seed oil, olive oil, sesame oil, corn oil, cotton seed oil, soya oil, sunflower oil, walnut oil, linseed oil, perilla oil, castor oil, either raw or dehydrated, tung oil, oiticica oil, whale oil, menhaden oil, sardine oil, herring oil and the glycerol esters of fatty acids derived from tall oil.  The adduct may be prepared by reacting ethylene, propylene, or butylene oxide with pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol or mixtures thereof, and is reacted with an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid such as maleic, fumaric, aconitic, itaconic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, sebacic, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic, citric, tartaric, malic or tricarballylic acid, and a fatty acid such as oleic, linoleic, linolenic, elaeostearic, licanic or ricinoleic acid.  Alkaline dispersing agents such as morpholine may be used to form the aqueous emulsions which may also contain cobalt tallate and wetting agents such as saponified rosin, sodium di-(methylamyl)-sulphosuccinate, condensates of ethylene oxide and octyl phenol or tall oil fatty acids, oil-soluble petroleum sulphonate, stearamidopropylbenzyldimethyl ammonium chloride, or a mixture of casein, ammonia and triethanolamine.  Mixtures of an alkyd resin emulsion and an emulsion of a butadienestyrene copolymer, and of alkyd resin emulsion and an emulsion of a petroleum hydrocarbon resin, may also be used.  The compositions may be applied by spraying.