baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-735356-A (GB)
Title: Production of melamine
Filed: 1952-12-29
Abstract: Melamine is prepared by a continuous process by continuously comingling molten melamine and urea or other melamine-forming substance in the liquid state in a reaction zone including ammonia at a temperature of at least 370 DEG  C. and an absolute pressure of at least 700 lb. per square inch, whereby the resulting reaction mixture contains reaction products of the melamine forming substance together with molten melamine and is in the liquid state, and the said reaction products are converted to molten melamine, periodically or continuously removing molten melamine from the reaction zone in amounts sufficient to maintain the volume of molten melamine within a desired range and continuously or intermittently removing gases from the reaction zone so as to maintain said pressure, the rate of comingling said melamine forming substance with molten melamine being such that said substance or the intermediate products obtained therefrom at the temperature employed are dispersed in the molten melamine and remain substantially dispersed therein during the time required to convert said substance to molten melamine.  The temperature of the reaction zone may be maintained by continuously withdrawing molten melamine from the reaction zone, continuously removing a small proportion of the melamine thus withdrawn, heating the remaining molten melamine to a temperature above 370 DEG  C. and recycling this heated molten melamine to the reaction zone.  When melamine is formed from urea, it is preferably to introduce urea at such a rate that the amount thereof, together with intermediate products derived therefrom, does not exceed 20 per cent by weight of the reaction mixture-preferably not more than 10 per cent. The process may be carried out at a temperature of 550 DEG  or 600 DEG C. using urea as the reactant, a preferred temperature range being between 400 DEG  and 550 DEG  C.  Melamine forming catalysts mentioned are strong mineral acids such as sulphuric, phosphoric (including meta- and pyro-phosphoric) and hydrochloric acids and inorganic and organic salts and anhydrides of such acids particularly ammonium and guanidine salts.  The preferred catalysts are the ammonium salt of phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid anhydrides. A suitable quantity of catalyst is from 0.001 to 5 per cent, preferably 0.001 to 2 per cent, by weight based on the total weight of the reaction mass.  Suitable melamine forming substances are urea, dicyandiamide, cyanamide, guanylurea, cyanourea, biuret, guanidine, cyanuric acid, ammelide and ammeline.  The process is desirably carried out in a vertical or vertically inclined reaction tube or autoclave which is closed at the top and bottom.  In the examples melamine is formed from urea with and without diammonium hydrogen phosphate as the melamine forming catalyst.  Specifications 598,175 and 601,967 are referred to.
Patent GB-1022200-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric circuit components
Inventor: BOOTH FRANK OLIVER
IPC: H01G2/06
Filed: 1964-08-12
Abstract: 1,022,200. Terminals. C.C.L. Ltd. Aug. 12, 1964, No. 32852/64. Addition to 993,167. Heading H2E. A capacitor 1 is mounted on a printed circuit board by a flat mounting pin 4 which is riveted at one end to an insulating sealing member of the capacitor, and at the other end is tapered to guide the pin into a hole in the board. Electrical connection is made to the conducting tracks by soldering. The pin has a portion 6 with parallel sides having a greater width than the diameter of the hole so that the capacitor is held rigidly in the board prior to soldering. A shoulder formed on the upper part of the pin holds the capacitor spaced from the board.
Patent GB-1041797-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for rinsing
Inventor: ROTH ERNEST ROBERT
IPC: C25D21/08
Filed: 1962-08-27
Abstract: In a method of rinsing an article e.g. after electroplating a jet of fluid including a rinse liquid and a gas intimately admixed and compressed therewith, is directed on to the surface of the article. In the diagrammatic representation shown articles 10, 11, 12 being treated are suspended from a conveyer 13 which moves them from station to station.  At one station is a treatment tank 14 and after treatment the article is conveyed to a drain and rinse tank 15 where it is sprayed with rinse fluid from nozzle 18 and subsequently to a further rinse tank 16 where it is sprayed by nozzle 19. The article may then proceed to a further processing tank 17.  The rinsing fluid passes in counter current to the movement of the conveyer 13.  Water is introduced at 20 and gas at 21 the combined stream being compressed by pump 22 and fed to nozzle 19.  The rinse water collected by tank 16 has further gas added at 23 and the resulting stream is compressed by pump 24 and fed to nozzle 18.  The drainings from tank 15 are led away to waste or they can be used as 'make-up' for tank 14.  In the arrangement shown they are fed by pump 25 through a foaming and foam separation device 26, the foam being separated off and led away at 27 to waste or for recovery of any active agent therein and the resultant liquid, freed from the agent, is passed through line 28 to tank 14. <PICT:1041797/C6-C7/1>
Patent GB-677921-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in wide band amplifier coupling circuits
IPC: H03F3/32
Filed: 1949-12-22
Abstract: 677,921 Thermionic valve amplifiers. McINTOSH, F. H. Dec. 22, 1949 [Dec. 22, 1948], No. 32863/49. Class 40 (vi). [Also in Group XXXV] The anode of one valve of a wideband pushpull amplifier is connected to H.T. positive through an iron cored primary winding wound in the same sense as, and closely coupled to a second primary winding connected between the cathode of the second valve and H.T. negative. As shown, Fig. 1, valves 1, 2 are fed in phase opposition by sources 8, 9. The output transformer T has a bifilar primary winding 18, 21 and the winding 18 is connected between the cathode of valve 1 and H.T. negative while winding 21 is connected between the anode of valve 2 and H.T. positive. The windings have a small leakage inductance and, because the windings are closely coupled and connected at one end through the small A.C. impedance of the source, there is only a very small alternating potential difference between them, so that the effect of the inter-winding capacity is reduced. A condenser may be connected between the anode of valve 2 and the cathode of valve 1. Since the gains of valves 1 and 2 are unequal the amplitudes of sources 8, 9 are adjusted so that the outputs are equal. To enable inputs of equal amplitude to be used, two bifilar primary windings are provided, Fig. 2, not shown, the parts of one winding being connected to the cathode of one valve and the anode of the other, while the parts of the second winding are connected to the anode of the first valve and the cathode of the other valve. If pentode or tetrode valves are used, the screen grid of each valve is connected directly to the anode of the other valve. Since there is no alternating potential between the winding connected to the anode of one valve and that connected to the cathode of the other valve, the screen grid of each valve is at the same alternating potential as the cathode. Negative feed-back may be taken from taps on a resistor connected between the cathodes and applied in series with the inputs. In another embodiment, Fig. 5, the input is applied between the grid of valve 1 and ground, while the input to valve 2 is applied between the anode and grid. The heavy negative feedback thus applied to valve 2 compensates for the feed-back to valve 1 caused by winding 18 in its cathode circuit, so that equal inputs can be used. The valves are preferably operated in Class B. The impedance of each primary winding at the lower end of the band is of the same order as the internal resistance of the valves, and each pair of primary windings is unity coupled. Various constructions of output transformer are shown and described (see Group XXXV). The output may be taken from tappings on the primary windings.
Patent GB-859528-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to circular polarisers for very short radio waves
Inventor: NICHOLSON BASIL JOHN
IPC: H01P1/17
Filed: 1958-10-15
Abstract: 859,528. Radio wave propagation control. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO. Ltd. July 31, 1959 [Oct. 15, 1958], No. 32909/58. Class 40(7). The plane polarized waves from a "pig trough" flare 3, 4, 5, containing a slotted waveguide 1, 2 and a polarization filter 6, are circularly polarized by a structure 7-10 extending over the whole length of the mouth of the flare. The circular polarizer comprises a series of square sectioned waveguides 7 located between top and bottom plates 8, 9, the output end of the structure being covered in by a plate 10, having openings coinciding with the waveguide ends. In each waveguide 7 and projecting from two opposite faces are arranged wave delaying means consisting of pairs of conducting posts 11, 11<SP>1</SP>; 12, 12<SP>1</SP>; 13, 131 dimensioned to provide a relative phase retardation of 90 degrees between two mutually perpendicular wave components, the members of each pair being of the same length and collinear, but of different length from the members of the other two pairs. Two pairs of shorter posts 14, 14<SP>1</SP> and 15 15<SP>1</SP> are arranged along the other two opposite faces of the guide to improve the impedance matching. The waveguides may alternatively be of circular cross-section.
Patent GB-339066-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in control systems for electrical apparatus
IPC: H02J13/00
Filed: 1929-10-30
Abstract: 339,066. Associated Electrical Industries, Ltd., (Assignees of Shuey, P. F.). Oct. 30, 1928, [Convention date]. Selective distant-control systems.-In a system for remotely controlling the connection and disconnection of electrical devices with supply conductors by two relays tuned to alternating current of different frequencies, operation of a switch by surges is prevented by a thermal relay connected in series with it, and operation of a switch results in short-circuiting of itself and of the thermal relay. Modifications are described in which part of the load can be switched out by a second application of the starting frequency and in which the terminating frequency cuts out part of the load only at its first application. Fig. 1 illustrates a system in which a single load 11 is connected across power leads 10. Relays 15 and 16 with condensers 17 and 18 respectively are tuned to respond to definite frequencies only. Switch 12 is made by relay 14 and is broken by relay 13, remaining in either position, until actuated therefrom by a controlling magnet. To " cut in the load the frequency to which 16-18 responds is placed on the leads 10 and 16 pulls up connecting 14 and 20 in series across 10. After a short time during which the frequency must be maintained, thermal relay 20 short - circuits its own winding and 14 operates connecting in the load and shorting 14-20. When the load is to be removed the frequency for 15-17 is joined up operating 15 which connects 13 and 19 across the circuit. After its own time lag, relay 19 shorts itself and 13 operates to break the main circuit. Fig. 2 shows a system with a double load 27, 28 in which one load can be cut out before the other if desired. To connect up the load the frequency required to energize relay 15 is joined up and this relay pulls up operating, after the time lag of 20, both switches 25 and 26. Thermal relay 29 is also connected across the circuit and this relay changes over its contacts. If relay 15 is now again operated, switch 25 is opened disconnecting load 27. Loads 28 can be removed by applying the frequency required to operate relay 16. The switch 25 may have additional contacts which when the switch is closed connect up its own release magnet and when the switch is open, connect the release magnet of switch 26. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes a system in which several thermal relays 19, 20 are provided to control different loads and their operating times may vary as indicated by the legends in Fig. 4 (Cancelled). By this means any load can be selected. If, for example, the load controlled by relay 37 is required the operating frequency is connected for sufficient time (3 seconds) to allow the thermal relays controlling relays 35, 36 and 37 to pull up and connect in their loads. The releasing frequency is then applied for time sufficient to allow 35 and 36 only to release (2 seconds) leaving 37 connected up. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-425958-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in detergent abrasive scouring pad
Inventor: KINGMAN RUSSEL BARCLAY
IPC: A47L13/03
Filed: 1934-11-16
Abstract: 425,958. Scouring-appliances. KING- MAN, R. B., 382, Oakwood Avenue, Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A. Nov. 16, 1934, No. 33071. [Class 28 (ii)] A scouring - pad comprises an outer envelope A of abrasive material, e.g. a metal fabric of one or more plies knitted into sleeve form and gathered or closed at its ends to form a hollow ball, and a core consisting of detergent material enclosed in an envelope B having interstices through which water can pass with difficulty during the normal squeezing or kneading action on the pad when scouring. Water, in small quantities, thus passes into and out of the core, and thus supplies the abrasive envelope with detergent material. The envelope B may be of water resistant lacquered cloth, or, as shown in Fig. 3, of rubber which is provided with numerous slits b, the lips of which are normally closed, but are opened when the pad is distorted during use. The slits b are preferably made in protuberances b<1> on the envelope B<1>.
Patent GB-189810-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for cleaning the felt in machines for manufacturing paper, cardboard and the like
IPC: D21F1/32
Filed: 1922-12-05
Abstract: 189,810. Jotzen, H. Dec. 5, 1921, [Convention date]. Felts.-In cleaning the felts in machines for making paper, cardboard, and the like, during the operation of the machine, paddle wheels i, k are mounted in compartments p, n containing the cleansing liquid to agitate the liquid on the reverse of the operative side of the felt. The liquid passes through the apparatus on the counter current principle, overflowing at h, n, feed pipes for the liquid being provided at m, r.
Patent GB-1521145-A (GB)
Title: Light-sensitive mass
IPC: G03F7/038
Filed: 1976-08-10
Abstract: 1521145 Photo-sensitive materials SWISS ALUMINIUM Ltd 10 Aug 1976 [14 Aug 1975]  33245/76 Heading G2C [Also in Division C3] Light-sensitive materials which may be selectively exposed and an image developed with water or an aqueous liquid comprise a carrier having a coating of light-sensitive material comprising (1) a film-former containing 0-90% vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer and/or 90-0% polyvinyl pyrrolidone and 10-80% arylsulphonamide/formaldehyde resin and (2) at least one sensitizer in a weight ratio of (1):(2) of 1:1-10:1, optionally together with dyes, pigments and secondary emitters. The sensitizer may be an ultraviolet light hardening short oil alkyd, diphenylamine diazoformaldehyde condensate fluoborate or 1,3-di-p-tolyl-3-methyl triazine. The secondary emitter may be triphenyl fulgide, dimethyl sulphoxide complex of uranyl nitrate, rhodamine or silver eosin. The support may be a Cu/Al or Cr/Cu plate, or Al with an oxide layer of 2 g/m<SP>2</SP>.
Patent GB-1463092-A (GB)
Title: Bearing measurement
IPC: G01B5/00
Filed: 1974-07-27
Abstract: 1463092 Gauging; jigs GKN GROUP SERVICES Ltd 9 July 1975 [27 July 1974] 33294/74 Headings B3B and B3C [Also in Division G1] Measurement of the parting-line height of a flexible bearing shell is carried out while the shell is clamped in a support in a machine used for machining the inner cylindrical surface of the shell. The shell 12 is held in a support block 10 by clamping plates 18 which incorporate pneumatic gauges 28 for measuring the height of the parting-line surfaces 23 above datum surfaces 24. An eccentric 37 is used to set the gauge body 30 at an optimum height determined by a sub-master shell of known size which also provides a datum for the measurements. One gauge may be placed at the axial mid-point of each surface 23 or alternatively the average reading of gauges at each end may be taken. The sum of measurements on the two parting-line surfaces may be made automatically. The compressed air supplied to the gauge also serves to hold the gauge body 30 against the eccentric 37 but allows it to retract if any obstruction is met. Electrical gauges may be used in place of pneumatic gauges.
Patent GB-384079-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spring buffers for railway and like vehicles
IPC: B61G11/10
Filed: 1931-12-01
Abstract: 384,079. Railway &c. vehicle buffers. MITCHELL, J., 69, Kenilworth Court, Putney, and COSSEY, J. C. G., Calbourne, The Vale, Golders Green, both in London. Dec. 1, 1931, No. 33318. [Class 103 (v).] In spring buffers for railway &c. vehicles of the hollow plunger and cylinder type in which ejection of the plunger is prevented by means of locking pieces inserted in the side of the plunger, the ejection of the plunger is prevented by one or more locking pieces, each of which has a positive locking engagement with the wall of the plunger and is arranged to slide in a separate longitudinal recess in the interior surface of the cylinder. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the locking pieces B are inserted in recesses or apertures in the plunger A by the provision of recesses C<1> in the cylinder C retaining pieces D<1> integral with the buffing washer D being provided to prevent the locking pieces leaving the plunger. In some cases the locking pieces may be inserted in the plunger wall through apertures in the cylinder wall which apertures may be provided with a cover plate. Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of the retaining pieces D' forming part of the rear wall H of the cylinder. Fig. 8 shows retaining pieces I bent as shown and adapted to engage washers D, J, the hooked parts I<1>, I<2> being provided to transmit to the springs the energy of the plunger when moving outwardly.
Patent GB-334441-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with elevator conveyers of the belt type
IPC: B65G43/00
Filed: 1929-11-02
Abstract: 334,441. Mavor & Coulson, Ltd., and Thompson, J. Nov. 2, 1929. Portable endless-belt elevators; feeding-devices; adjustably supporting; driving-gear; casings.-In a portable endless belt elevator the belt A is carried by a longitudinal frame structure B of girder character comprising inverted troughing which acts also as a shelter for the lower run of the belt as described in Specification 299,218. The frame B is secured to a strut frame 10 which extends upwards from a platform 9 supporting the driving-motor C. Ties 11 connect the upper ends of the frames B, 10. Adjustment for height and support are provided by the engagement of screws 12 mounted on the frame 10 with nuts on the axle D of the wheels E. Material is directed to the central portion of the top run of the belt by a hopper F with sloping sides. The belt passes over rollers 4, 6 on either side of the motor-driven roller 5. The delivery end of the frame B may be movable angularly with respect to the receiving end.
Patent GB-1181296-A (GB)
Title: Small Particle Size Silica Sol and Method of Preparing same
IPC: C01B33/148
Filed: 1967-07-20
Abstract: 1,181,296. Silica sol. NALCO CHEMICAL CO. 20 July, 1967 [18 Oct., 1966], No. 33525/67. Heading C1A. An aqueous silica sol contains discrete dense amorphous particles of silica having a particle diameter of from 5 to 10 mÁ, the silica being present in an amount ranging from 5+3D weight per cent to 15+3D weight per cent, where D is the particle diameter, and the sol has a salt content of from 0À05% to 0À15% by weight. An aqueous silica sol is made by mixing alkali metal silicate and an acid sol having a concn. of 4-8% by wt. of silica as SiO2, in such proportions that the final silica sol has a ratio of silica to alkali metal, calculated as SiO2/M2O of (10Œ6)D, where D is as defined above and ranges from 5 to 10, and evaporating under a reduced pressure of from 10 to 25 inches of Hg, while simultaneously adding sufficient additional acid sol to maintain a constant volume of the mixture, for sufficient time to form a concentration of silica ranging from 5 + 3D to 15 + 3D wt. per cent.
Patent GB-186544-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for feeding powdered coal to a place of combustion
IPC: F23K3/00
Filed: 1921-12-13
Abstract: 186,544. Stehli, H. J. Dec. 13, 1921. Fuel, feeding.-Apparatus for feeding pulverulent fuel comprises a hopper 1 into which the fuel is fed by an air-current, the air escaping through a filter-bag 3; a feeder-box 7 below the holder, having a rotating table 5 from which the fuel is removed by a knife 18 adjustable by a nut 20; and a mixing-chamber 28 in communication with the feeder-box 7 through telescopic pipes 23, 24, and into which air is delivered through the nozzle 33. A screwed sleeve 10 at the bottom of the hopper 1 regulates the amount of fuel fed to the table 5, which may be driven by a variable-speed device. The nozzle 27 through which the fuel enters the mixing-chamber is fitted into a spherical seat so that the delivery tube 29 may be tilted to any angle. Extra air enters the mixing- chamber through the hit-and-miss plate 38.
Patent GB-1475044-A (GB)
Title: Initiation of explosives
IPC: C06B33/00
Filed: 1975-08-12
Abstract: 1475044 Pyrotechnic compositions AE & CI Ltd 12 Aug 1975 [12 Aug 1974] 33544/75 Heading ClD [Also in Division F3] A timing fuse having a mean burning time within a range of from 100 to 500 seconds per metre and a coefficient of variation of not more than 2% in said time, the fuse having a pyrotechnic powder core comprising a mixture of particulate oxidizing agent and a particulate fuel which mixture contains from 20 to 67À3% by weight of oxidizing agent, the oxidizing agent comprising potassium nitrate, potassium perchlorate, sodium nitrate or pure manganese dioxide, the fuel comprising ferrosilicon, ferromanganese or calcium silicide, and the particle size range of the oxidizing agent and the fuel being from 2 Ám. to 200 Ám.
Patent GB-857399-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for mixing concrete and other materials
IPC: B28C5/30
Filed: 1958-10-21
Abstract: 857,399. Mixers. BENTON & CO. Ltd., E., BENTON, E. A., and HALES. S. R. C. Sept. 4, 1959 [Oct. 21, 19581, No. 33556/58. Class 86 A mixing machine for concrete, fertilizers, rubber compounds &c. has a mixing drum 7 detachably mounted on a turntable 6 rotated by a prime mover 4. The stirrers consist of two or more radial blades 10 freely rotatable by inter-action with the axis about a spindle 12 offset from the axis of rotation of the drum; a fixed agitator blade 15; and fixed scraper blades 13, 14 which scrape the side and bottom respectively of the drum. All are mounted on a frame 9 pivoted at 8 to enable the blades to be withdrawn from the drum, which can then be lifted and transported by a wheeled trolley 17. In another embodiment, Figs. 3, 4 and 5 (not shown), the mixer has a hinged cradle which can be swung by means of a handle to engage and tilt the drum 7 and discharge its contents into a wheelbarrow. The cradle handle may be detached and fitted in an alternative position in which it may be used to wheel the machine about on a pair of ground wheels.