Patent GB-1019290-A (GB)
Title: Variable-ratio power transmission mechanisms
IPC: F16H3/66
Filed: 1964-12-17
Abstract: 1,019,290. Change-speed gear. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. Dec. 17, 1964 [Jan. 9, 1964], No. 51342/64. Heading F2D. In a motor-vehicle change-speed gear, five forward reduction ratios, direct-drive, one overdrive and one reverse; or (Fig. 2, not shown) six forward reduction ratios, directdrive and one reverse, are provided by accelerating the reaction ring-gear 71 of a basic torquecombining train 59 in graduated reducing steps from standstill, through a torque-splitting twospeed planet train 54 and, in series therewith, a three-speed gear comprising low and intermediate speed planet trains 58, 56. The sun 64 of the basic train 59 is constantly driven by an input 24 through an hydrodynamic torqueconverter 11 with lock-up clutch 12. A compounding reverse train G1, hydrodynamic churn brake 14 on the converter turbine shaft 38 and an input-driven power take-off 48 are also provided, and the various control brakes and clutches may be hydraulic, electric or mechanical. Ratios are as follows: first (4.26) is by applying a brake 72 to the ring 71 of the basic train 59, which then drives alone from its converterdriven sun through its planet-carrier to the final output shaft 69. For second (2-35) the ring 71 of the basic train 59 is driven slowly forwards by the carrier of the low-speed train 58, the ring 101 of which is held by a brake 102, whilst its sun 92 is driven at converter speed by the ring 76 of the torque-split train 54 which is locked up by engaging a clutch 84. For third (1-92) the torque-split train 54 is upshifted to overdrive by releasing the clutch 84 and braking at 82 its sun, which increases the speed of the sun 92 of the low-speed train 58 and thus accelerates the ring 71 of the basic train 59. Fourth (1.70) is a double-transition shift in which the torque-split train 54 is downshifted to direct by engaging its lock-up clutch 84 and engagement is changed from the brake 102 of the low-speed train 58 to that 112 of the intermediate speed train 56. With the connected suns of both low and intermediate trains 58, 56 thus driven at converter speed, the said trains compound to drive the ring 71 of the basic train at a higher speed than in third ratio. For fifth (1.31) the torque-split train 54 is upshifted to overdrive by applying the brake 82 and releasing the clutch 84. The low and intermediate trains 58, 56 remain compounded as in fourth, so that the ring 71 of the basic train 59 is again accelerated. For sixth (direct-drive) the torque-split train 54 is downshifted to direct by its lock-up clutch 84, and the low-intermediate trains are upshifted to direct by engaging a lock-up clutch 114. This accelerates the ring 71 of the basic train 59 to converter speed, giving overall oneto-one drive. For seventh (overdrive 0.727) the torquesplit train 54 is upshifted to overdrive, the low-intermediate trains 58, 56 remaining in direct, whereby the ring 71 of the basic train is overdriven.  For reverse (- 5.79) a brake 122 is applied to the ring 121 of the reverse train 61, which then compounds with the basic train 59 to reverse their common output carriers 69. In neutral and reverse the lock-up clutch 84 of the torque-split train 54 remains engaged. In Fig. 2, not shown, all the indirect ratios are reduction ratios, the ring gear of the torquesplit train 54 now being its input member, and the planet-carrier its output.