Patent GB-946892-A (GB)
Title: Motor vehicle power unit
IPC: F16H47/08
Filed: 1962-04-12
Abstract: 946,892. Motor vehicle driving arrangements. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. April 12, 1962 [June 6, 1961], No. 14153/62. Heading B7H. [Also in Divisions F1 and F2] A power unit for mounting transversely in a motor vehicle comprises an engine having a crank-shaft rotatable about a first axis and connected by way of a drive transfer device to a transmission unit which is rotatable about a second axis parallel to the first axis, the transmission unit comprising a variable ratio transmission in which a torque converter is connected to drive a plurality of planetary gear units, and also comprises a fixed ratio gear connecting the output member of the variableratio transmission to the input member of a differential gear and a pair of universal joints connecting the output members of the differential gear to a pair of oppositely extending output shafts. The engine crank-shaft 1 drives the impeller 11 of a three member hydraulic torque converter whose turbine 13 is connected to an output shaft 15 whose axis is parallel to the axis of the crank-shaft and upon which is mounted a pair of sun gears 17 and 19. Backward rotation of the reactor 14 is prevented by a one-way device 16. The sun gear 19 meshes with pinions 21 mounted upon a carrier 25 intermeshing with longer pinions 23 which mesh with a ring gear 27 which functions as a reverse reaction gear and can be held stationary by a cone brake R. The pinions 23 also mesh with a sun gear 24 which functions as either a forward reaction gear or as an input gear and which is mounted on a carrier 61 which may be held stationary by a brake band L. A sun gear 29 mounted on the carrier 25 meshes with pinions 31 mounted on a carrier 35 and meshing with a gear 33 fixed to the gear-box housing, the carrier 35 also mounting pairs of intermeshing pinions 37 and 39 forming part of a differential gear 38 which comprises sun gear 41 meshing with the gears 37 and attached to an output shaft 45 which drives an output shaft 49 through a pot-type universal joint 47 and sun gear 43 meshing with the gears 39 and driving output shaft 53 through a pot-type universal joint 51. Brake discs 54 having internal teeth meshing with the pinions 37 coact with stationary members 55 and brake discs 57 having internal teeth meshing with the pinions 39 coact with stationary members 56. The sun gear 17 meshes with pinions 60 mounted on the carrier 61 and which mesh with a ring gear 63 on a carrier which is connected to a disc brake C which, when actuated stops the rotation of ring gear 63 in both directions and also through a one-way clutch 65, to a disc brake I. The gear 63 may also be connected through a multi-disc clutch H to the impeller 11 of the torque converter. Operation.-In neutral, brakes I, C, L, R and the clutch H are all disengaged. At commencement of drive, brake L is applied, gearset 18 is permitted to rotate because the brakes I and C and clutch H are disengaged and the forward drive is through gearsets 20 and 21. If the resisting torque on one of output shafts 49 or 53 is greater than that on the other, the sun gears 41 and 43 rotate relatively to one another permitting different driving speeds. A second gear is obtained by releasing brake I and engaging brake I, whereby the ring 63 is held stationary and the carrier 61 and sun gear 24 caused to rotate contributing to the forward speeds of the gearsets 20 and 21. A top gear is produced by applying clutch H whereby part of the torque from the input shaft 9 is transmitted mechanically to the gear 63, the brake I being overrun by the one-way device 65, and part is transmitted through the torque converter to the sun gear 17 under which conditions the carrier 61 of gearset 18 rotates at only slightly less than the speed of the input shaft 9, and since the sun gear 19 is also rotating at the turbine speed, a high gear speed is produced. The vehicle is braked by applying brakes B1 and B2 and for engine braking, e.g. when running downhill, the brake C is engaged to provide second gear. To engage a reverse gear, brakes L, I and C are released, clutch H is disengaged and clutch R is engaged. In a modification, Fig. 4, the clutch H, is connected to the shaft 15 so that in the high gear, the gear 63 and sun gear 17 are connected and rotate at the turbine speed.