baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1208175-A (GB)
Title: Separation of components
Inventor: ALEXANDER DAVID GEORGE
IPC: C11B7/00
Filed: 1968-09-23
Abstract: 1,208,175. Fractional crystallization. ROSE, DOWNS & THOMPSON Ltd. 22 Sept., 1969 [23 Sept., 1968], No. 45034/68. Heading C5C. A process for separating the components of a feedstock obtained from animal or vegetable raw material comprises forming a solution of the feedstock in an organic solvent, if necessary by heating; passing through the solution a cooling liquid, which is immiscible or only partially miscible with the solution, to cause crystallization of the component having the highest temperature of crystallization, removing the crystals and recovering and recycling the cooling liquid. When the feedstock has at least 3 components the temperature may be lowered further to cause crystallization of a second component after removal of the first component. The cooling liquid is preferably water which is passed continuously in countercurrent to the solution. The example describes the separation of palm oil into components using methyl ethyl ketone and hexane as solvents.
Patent GB-1449902-A (GB)
Title: Teeming steel for continuous casting
IPC: B22D41/13
Filed: 1973-09-26
Abstract: 1449902 Continuous casting EISENWERKGES MAXIMILIANSHUETTE mbH 26 Sept 1973 [27 Sept 1972] 45182/73 Heading B3F [Also in Division F4] A tundish 21 with at least one bottom pouring outlet 26 (three are shown) and, for draining residues, a spout 28 which ends above the working level of molten steel to be cast at a low superheat, is moved, Fig. 4, so that the spout forms the lowest part of the lining and its inner surface is then heated, e.g. by propane-oxygen or oil-oxygen burners 44 in side orifices 45 of a bolted cover 25, approximately to the temperature of the steel to be contained, continuing the heating until the temperature gradient from the inside to the outside is steady, then returning the tundish to pouring position and filling it with molten steel. By performing this heating after each pour, a tundish is maintained at high temperature until it requires relining; there is eliminated the process of cooling, cleaning and repairing before reheating after each pour. A pouring nozzle may be removed and a fresh one fitted or the area 36, Fig. 3, where the filling jet impinges, may be repaired whilst the lining is near working temperature. The area is formed of corundum brick. After establishing the temperature gradient, the pouring outlets 26 are plugged with asbestos and a layer of granulated lead. The inner surface of the tundish may be heated to a higher temperature than the steel to be contained and heating may be stopped before the steel enters. Inert or reducing gas may be passed into the tundish, e.g. through the burners 44, to protect the steel. Propane-oxygen burners enable a neutral, oxidizing or reducing atmosphere to be adjustably provided. The tundish has a magnesite brick lining and at least one insulation layer together having a thermal resistance R# of at least 0À25 sq.m.h. C./ Kcal. It may have an intermediate insulating layer and a high grade outer insulating layer with respective conductivities of 0À5 and 0À1. It has trunnions 42. The tundish carriage may have load gauges to determine the contents. The bottom pouring nozzles 26 have associated funnel entries with sloping sides 35, 35<SP>1</SP>, Fig. 3, to facilitate drainage in the tipped position of Fig. 4. In the cover 25, opposite each nozzle 26 is an orifice to facilitate inspection or knocking out of the nozzle brick and lead introduction. For monitoring the temperature gradient and degree of wear of the brick lining, temperature-sensors (12, 13) are located in the wall.
Patent GB-1235729-A (GB)
Title: Dyed cellulose ester compositions
Inventor: CALDWELL JOHN RICHARD
IPC: D06P1/667
Filed: 1968-09-20
Abstract: 1,235,729. Dyeing cellulose esters with basic dyes. EASTMAN KODAK CO. 20 Sept., 1968 [22 Sept., 1967], No. 45451/68. Heading D1B. [Also in Division C3] A cellulose ester is mixed with 0.5-25 wt% of at least one salt specified below and is dyed with a cationic dyestuff, e.g. after forming the mixture into a fibre, film or coating. The mixture may contain the usual solvents and/or plasticizers. The salt has the formula RX<SP>-</SP>M<SP>+</SP>, (RX) 2 M<SP>++</SP> or RX<SP>-</SP>(M<SP>+</SP>) 2  wherein; R represents (i) an alkyl radical optionally substituted with two COOR 1  groups or with one or two CONR 2 . R 3  groups where R 1 , R 2  and R 3  are alkyl, (ii) an alkyl phenoxyethylene radical or (iii) a phenyl, naphthyl or anthryl radical optionally substituted with an alkyl or aryl group or a halogen atom; R has a M.W. of 150-1,000; RX or RX- together represent the anion of an oxy-acid of phosphorus or sulphur having a dissociation constant greater than 10<SP>-3</SP>; #+M is an alkali metal cation NH 4 <SP>+</SP> or substituted NH 4 <SP>+</SP> in which the substituents include a C 1-20  aliphatic, alicyclic, aryl or heterocyclic group; and #M<SP>++</SP> is an alkaline earth metal cation, Zn<SP>++</SP> or Cd<SP>++</SP>. In examples the following salts are used; Na, K or Li dioctyl-, dihexyl-, diamyl-, dibutyl-, dilauryl- Na di(p-tbutylphenyl) phosphate; Li di (o-tbutylphenyl) phosphate; monobutyl biphenyl Na sulphonate; Na lauryl sulphate; Ca naphthalene sulphonate; Li octadecyl sulpersulphate or persulphate and an N-acyl azole having the formula: N9 2 -naphthylphosphonate; Li diphenyl phosphate; N9 2  dodecylbenzene phosphonate; K dihexyl phosphite; Na diamyl phosphonite; Na di(p-t-butylphenyl) phosphate; monobutyl biphenyl Na sulphonate; Na lauryl sulphate; Ca naphthalene sulphonate; Li octadecyl sulphonate; butylnaphthalenesulphonic acid tributylamine salt; and the pyridine or N, N-diethyl-cyclohexylamine salts of oleyl phosphonic acid. Exemplified cellulose esters are the acetate, triacetate, acetate-butyrate, acetate propionate and butyrate.
Patent GB-1208456-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the anchoring of bracing wires
Inventor: ZERNA WOLFGANG
IPC: E04C5/12
Filed: 1967-10-05
Abstract: 1,208,456. Clamps. PHILIP HOLZMANN A.G. 5 Oct., 1967, No. 45465/67. Heading E2B. An anchoring device comprises a pair of pressure plates 3, a plurality of clamp plates 2 positioned between said pressure plates and at least one clamp member 4 passing through all said plates and engaging said pressure plates, in combination with a plurality of bracing wires 1 or cables which are arranged in layers, each layer being located between two adjacent plates, in which device the or each clamp member is made of 'high tensile material and is loaded in the region of its elastic limit, whereby a reduction in cross-section of any of the bracing wires or cables or any of the plates is accompanied by a corresponding reduction in length of the clamp member or members without substantial reduction in the clamping pressure. As shown a single bolt is used as the clamp member the bolt shank passing centrally through the pressure plates and the clamping plates to be engaged 'by a nut 4'; in use the wires 1 pass through an aperture in a base plate 5 the plates 2, 3 abutting the edge portion of the plate 5 around the aperture. In an alternative construction two bolts 4 and corresponding nuts 4' are used each being positioned near a corresponding edge of the plates 2, 3 and the wires or cables being disposed between them. Instead of using a bolt or bolts wires or cables can be used which pass through the clamping plates and the pressure plates and which after pressure has been applied to the pressure plates by external means are anchored in position by clamps similar to the clamp shown in Figure 2. The grip of any of the plates can be increased by grooving or corrugating them or by winding thin wires round the bracing wires or cables. The bracing wires or cables can be round, rectangular or oval in cross section or can be ribbed or corrugated.
Patent GB-1363651-A (GB)
Title: Holders for electric light bulbs
IPC: H01R33/46
Filed: 1971-11-12
Abstract: 1363651 Lamp holders LONDON BANKSIDE PRODUCTS Ltd 12 Nov 1971 [24 Sept 1970] 45535/70 Heading H2E A bulb holder comprises a metal strip formed into a base 2 and two jaws 3, 4 which receive between their shaped ends the stem 6 of a bulb 7 and resiliently force the bulb against a contact or contacts 11. The single contact 11 shown is tubular to help locate the bulb 7. A bulb having studs 10 is inserted with the studs 10 initially in the gap between the jaws 3, 4 and then rotated. The studs 10 are guided under the jaws by lips 8 and held by lips 9. The base 2 may be fixed by spring clips or may have holes for screws or rivets, and may serve as an earth return. A bridging piece 21, with tags 23, 24 engaging holes in the jaws 3, 4, may be provided to prevent the jaws from moving apart. A wire 14 is attached by soldering or crimping. The jaw ends may alternatively be shaped to receive a threaded stem 6.
Patent GB-1242620-A (GB)
Title: Process for treatment of glass beads
Inventor: BROWN PERVIS
IPC: C03B19/10
Filed: 1969-09-18
Abstract: 1,242,620. Coated glass beads and reflexreflective coatings. GENERAL STEEL INDUSTRIES Inc. [trading as FLEX-O-LITE DIVISION]. 18 Sept., 1969 [30 Oct., 1968], No. 46152/69. Heading B2E. Glass beads are coated with a non-toxic organo-titanium compound, usually in an organic solvent, or a polymer or copolymer thereof. The organo-titanium compound may be tetra-(3,6-dihydroxyoctadecyl) titanate, tetraisopropyltitanate, tetraoctadecyltitanate, 2- ethylhexyl ortho-titanate, tetramethyltitanate, titanium 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, a titanium acylate or a titanium chelate and may hydrolyse on the surface of the beads to leave a film of Ti-containing polymer. The coated glass beads can be floated on a solidifiable liquid binder coated on a substrate and the binder solidified to form a reflex-reflective coating on the substrate.
Patent GB-1279055-A (GB)
Title: Disc brake
IPC: F16D55/226
Filed: 1970-09-29
Abstract: 1279055 Disc brakes BENDIX CORP 29 Sept 1970 [8 Oct 1969] 46155/70 Heading F2E A disc brake 10 includes a fixed torque member 18 having a pair of circumferentially spaced arms 22, 24 defining a recess 26 therebetween, a pair of friction elements 48, 50 slidably supported on ledges 44, 46 of the torque member 18, a slidable caliper 52 straddling the disc 12 and having a pair of ledges 80, 82 disposed adjacent integral projections 76, 78 from the arms 22, 24, a key member 84 between the ledge 80 and the projection 76 and a pair of resilient clips 86, 88 each clip 86 or 88 engaging one arm 22 or 24 and also the caliper 52 for urging the caliper 52 radially outwards with respect to the disc 12 and including legs 100, 102 for yieldably urging the friction elements 48, 50 towards the ledges 44, 46 to prevent the elements rattling. As shown, the clip 86 which may be identical with clip 88, also comprises a section 90 which extends across the disc 12 and has a forwardmost edge 92 which engages the ledge 80 and a rearwardmost edge 90 which engages the arm 22. Also clip 86 includes a trailing portion 96 terminating in a hook 98 which engages an outer part of arm 22 to hold the clip 86 in position, and a pair of arms 108, 110 to engage the ends 112, 114 of the key member 84 to hold it in position. These arms 108, 110 may be omitted on the clip 88. The brake 10 is applied by introducing fluid pressure through an inlet 64 to a chamber 66 to cause a piston 62 to move friction element 48 whilst friction element 50 is moved by reaction through caliper 52; in actuation the ledge 80 slides between the key member 84 and the edge 92 of clip 86 and the ledge 82 slides between the projection 78 and clip 88. To replace the friction elements the arms 108, 110 are deflected away from key member 84, the key member 84 and the caliper 52 are removed and the friction elements 48, 50 may then be replaced.
Patent GB-1485675-A (GB)
Title: Pile driving rams
IPC: E02D7/12
Filed: 1975-11-07
Abstract: 1485675 Making cylinders; pile drivers; centrifugal casting VAN KOOTEN BV 7 Nov 1975 [20 Nov 1974] 46238/75 Headings B3A B3H and B3F A cylinder for a pile driver ram is provided with inlet and outlet ports and at least two surfaces 16 for supporting guide members and it is made from alloy steel which has been centrifugally cast. Molten alloy steel 56 is poured into a mould which is rotatably mounted on rollers 51 and driven by a motor 52 via gears 57. The mould is located in a cooling reservoir 32. The cast blank (25), Fig. 4, (not shown), is machined to form end flanges 31, a central surface 19 for the inlet and outlet ports and a cylindrical bore 27. The surfaces 16 are machined to rectangular shape to accommodate spacers (33), Fig. 9 (not shown), to which spacers are bolted guide members (36). In an alternative construction, the surfaces 16 are formed from separate members which are bolted to the cylinder, Figs. 11, 12 (not shown).
Patent GB-1002609-A (GB)
Title: Process for separating saturated from unsaturated fatty acids
Inventor: KOEBNER ADOLF
IPC: C07C51/42
Filed: 1962-12-07
Abstract: Low polarity higher fatty acids, i.e. saturated fatty acids containing at least 12 carbon atoms and erucic acid, are separated from mixtures thereof with high polarity higher fatty acids, i.e. unsaturated fatty acids containing at least 12 carbon atoms excluding erucic acid, by dissolving the mixture in an aqueous hydrotrope solution at an elevated temperature, cooling the solution to room temperature or below, and recovering the crystals of low polarity higher fatty acids so formed.  It is preferable to dissolve the acid mixture at a temperature above the meltingpoint of the mixture using a hydrotrope solution having a concentration of about 50% by weight or more.  The acid mixture may be derived from an animal or vegetable oil or fat, e.g. tallow, repeseed oil or linseed oil, or may be an acid soap.  Hydrotropes are organic compounds having hydrophyllic-hydrophobic properties in highly concentrated aqueous solutions of which other organic compounds are substantially more soluble than in water.  Specified hydrotropes include salts of benzoic acid; salts of salicylic acid; salts of monoesters of maleic acid; urea; and alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts of aryl and alkaryl, wherein the alkyl groups contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms, sulphonic acids.ALSO:Low polarity higher fatty acids, i.e. saturated fatty acid containing at least 12 carbon atoms and erucic acid, are separated from mixtures thereof with high polarity higher fatty acids, i.e. unsaturated fatty acids containing at least 12 carbon atoms excluding erucic acid, by dissolving the mixture in an aqueous hydrotrope solution at an elevated temperature, cooling the solution to room temperature or below, and recovering the crystals of low polarity higher fatty acids so formed.  It is preferable to dissolve the acid mixture at a temperature above the melting point of the mixture using a hydrotrope solution having a concentration of about 50% by weight or more.  Hydrotropes are organic compounds having hydrophyllic-hydrophobic properties in highly concentrated aqueous solutions of which other organic compounds are substantially more soluble than in water. Specified hydrotropes include salts of benzoic acid; salts of salicylic acid; salts of monoesters of maleic acid; urea; and alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts of aryl and alkaryl, wherein the alkyl groups contain 1-4 carbon atoms, sulphonic acids.
Patent GB-1359057-A (GB)
Title: Vehicle wheel with fail safe features
IPC: B60B25/00
Filed: 1971-10-06
Abstract: 1359057 Wheels GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO 6 Oct 1971 [27 Nov 1970] 46440/71 Heading B7C A wheel for a pneumatic tyre has a rim comprising a pair of tyre bead retaining flanges 22 and a base 20 with an area 26 of reduced thickness provided by a groove 24 extending circumferentially around the base over an arc of between 5 and 60 degrees, one surface of the area being exposed to the atmosphere and the other being exposed, in use, to pressurized air contained between the rim and the tyre, the area being located in the region of the rim in which the likelihood of fatigue crack propagation through the rim is at a maximum and the likelihood of circumferential fatigue crack propagation is at a minimum so that, in use, fatigue failure by crack propagation through the rim, which can be detected by the resulting gradual loss of tyre pressure, will occur in the area before circumferential crack propagation in other parts of the rim, which cannot be so detected, can occur to the extent that explosive failure of the wheel results. The groove 24 may, as shown in Fig. 1, be located on the radially outer surface of the rim and be of uniform radius in cross-section, and its base may lie on a chord through the rim. The wheel may comprise two halves 10, 12 fastened together by bolts 16 and nuts 18, and may be made of plastics, aluminium, magnesium or steel.
Patent GB-1398148-A (GB)
Title: Pumping devices for liquids and dishwashing machines equipped  with such devices
IPC: A47L15/42
Filed: 1972-10-09
Abstract: 1398148 Centrifugal pumps ESSWEIN SA 9 Oct 1972 [12 Oct 1971] 46486/72 Heading F1C In a pumping unit comprising two centrifugal single-stage pumps 1, 2 provided with separate flow circuits, the pump 1 comprises an opening 13, Figs. 2 and 4, connecting its impeller chamber 7 to its inlet duct 8, and a partition 14 arranged in the annular space surrounding the impeller 10 between the opening 13 and the delivery duct 11, the partition channelling the pumped liquid into the delivery duct in one direction B of impeller rotation, but into the opening in the opposite direction A of impeller rotation, whereby the liquid is then returned to the inlet duct 8 instead of being delivered. The pumps are used in a dish washing machine, the pump 1 draining the tub of the machine when the driving motor 3 is rotating in the direction B. When the motor 3 is reversed to rotate in the direction A whereby the pump 1 is rendered ineffective, the other pump 2 draws in liquid from the tub via an inlet duct 24, Figs. 2 and 6, and delivers it via a delivery duct 25 to rotary spray arms. When rotating in direction B, the pump 2 continues to deliver liquid to the spray arms but at a reduced rate, until the tub has been emptied by the pump 1. Thereafter, the liquid remaining in the pump 2 is emptied by the impeller 20 into the inlet duct 24 via a gap 33 between a deflector 28 and a radial recess 27. A protrusion 34 opposite the recess 27 prevents this liquid from re-entering the pump 2. A slight inclination of the inlet duct 24 and of the pipe connecting it to the tub assists the return of the liquid to the tub, where it is withdrawn by the pump 1. A boss 31, to which the deflector 28 is secured by a screw passing through holes 29, 30, spaces the deflector from the recess 27 to provide the gap 33. In a modification, the pumps are disposed at opposite ends of the motor 3.
Patent GB-1196949-A (GB)
Title: Adaptive, Self-organizing Pattern Recognizing System
Inventor: ASENDORF ROBERT HARRY
IPC: G06V30/194
Filed: 1967-10-13
Abstract: 1,196,949. Pattern recognition. HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO. 13 Oct., 1967 [24 Oct., 1966], No. 46740/67. Heading G4R. An adaptive pattern recognition system comprises a plurality of pattern sensors, the outputs of which are sampled, the sampled signals being summed to produce two sums which are thresholded. The pattern is sensed by a matrix of 100 photo-cells the outputs of which are ORed in groups of 5 (optionally after passage through switches). A series of sets of samples of the OR outputs is obtained under control of a clock-driven shift register having feedback via one or more modulo-2 adders. For this purpose the 20 ORs feed respective ANDs each of which is enabled or not by the shift register. Two threshold logic circuits with adjustable thresholds receive 10 of the AND outputs each and feed a further AND gate directly and via an inverter respectively to produce a pulse train. Alternatively, one of the threshold logic circuits may feed a first AND directly and a second AND via a delay and inverter, while the other threshold logic circuit feeds the first AND via an inverter and the second AND via a delay, the two delays being equal to each other and to twice the time between successive sets of samples in the series of such sets referred to, the outputs of the two ANDs feeding an OR to produce the pulse train. Alternatively each delay may be replaced by a threshold logic circuit receiving the same inputs as the threshold logic circuit which fed the delay. In a further alternative the pulse train is obtained by thresholding the difference between a weighted sum of 10 of the sample signals and a weighted sum of the other 10 of the sample signals. In all these cases the pulse train produced is stored in a serial memory during learning and compared in an AND gate with the memory contents for recognition and during learning. The AND output drives a counter or is distributed to four counters cyclically. The counter output(s) identify the pattern or indicate the expected direction of the next portion of a pattern sensed a portion at a time (maze-following). During learning the counter(s) control the memory contents, increasing or decreasing the number of ones to improve performance. In a further modification, two threshold logic cireuits, fed as above, feed respective memories and are ANDed with the outputs of the respective memories, the two ANDs feeding another AND directly and via an inverter respectively. The output of this latter AND is distributed to counters as before.
Patent GB-1063937-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for vacuum degasifying of molten metal
IPC: F27D7/02
Filed: 1965-11-04
Abstract: A vacuum degassing vessel comprises a metal casing lined with insulating material, the latter in turn having a refractory lining, and the layer of insulating material being provided with channels extending from the centre portion of the bottom of the vessel to the upper part of the vessel where they communicate with the internal space.
Patent GB-1108628-A (GB)
Title: Lettering box
IPC: A45C11/36
Filed: 1966-10-20
Abstract: 1,108,628. Drawing appliances. KEUFFEL & ESSER CO. 20 Oct., 1966 [24 Oct., 1965], No. 47005/66. Heading B6P. A box for draughtsmen's appliances including lettering templates 38, ink containers, nibs, leads, pens and the like comprises an open-top bottom section and a hollow lid section hinged thereto. A removable rack 24 (Figs. 6 and 7) having a plurality of longitudinal partitions and transverse partitions defining compartments is placed in the bottom compartment. Saddles (43, Fig. 8) (37, Fig. 10) (41, Fig. 13) are arranged in spaced relation between the partitions so that the draughtsmen's appliances placed in the compartments project above the rack by substantially equal amounts to engage a resilient pad 29 in the lid, when the same is closed.
Patent GB-1195252-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Washing Out Storage Tanks and like Containers
Inventor: ROBINSON MICHAEL
IPC: B05B7/30
Filed: 1967-10-18
Abstract: 1,195,252. Cleaning tanks. C.P. EQUIPMENT Ltd. 14 May, 1968 [18 Oct., 1967], No. 47469/67. Heading A4F. Apparatus for washing a tank 15 or like container by feeding water thereinto comprises a venturi 16 and a pump 13 for drawing water from a supply source 10 through said venturi, thereby drawing an additive liquid, e.g. a detergent, from a container 18 connected to the throat of the venturi 16 by a conduit 21 which is connected via an on/off valve 26 to the delivery side of the pump 13. The latter passes the detergent solution to a sprayer 14 for discharge into the tank 15. When the valve 26 is open the action of the venturi 16 is inhibited and no detergent is drawn from the container 18. A further container 19 may be provided for a sterilent, a conduit 22 connecting the container 19 to the venturi 16 being also connected via a valve 27 to the downstream side of the pump 13. The valves 26, 27 may be electrically controlled by a programming device to open and close at desired intervals.