baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1046705-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the operation of electrolytic reduction cells for theproduction of aluminium
Inventor: COLLEY DAVID EDWIN
IPC: C25C3/08
Filed: 1964-05-27
Abstract: In start-up of an electrolytic fused bath cell for producing aluminium and having at least two electrodes which function as anodes during normal cell operation, the temperature of the cell is raised by passing current from at least one of the electrodes to the other electrode or electrodes through an electrical resistance heating material in contact with the electrodes. Preferably the cell has more than two anodes and are connected to provide equal numbers of positive and negative electrodes during the heating step.  If the cell anodes are carried on hangers connected to the anode bus bar and are arranged in one or more rows, alternate electrodes in a row may be insulated from the anode bus bar by interposing a layer of electrically insulating material and are connected to a cathode bus bar.  Alternatively, if the anodes are arranged in two or more rows, one of the rows may be made cathodic.  The anodes may be of the pre-baked or self-baking type, the cathode connections to the molten aluminium pool formed during normal operation may be of one or more of the carbides or borides of Ti, Zr, Ta, Nb, and the cell bottom although it may be formed of a non-conductor is typically of self-baking carbon paste or carbon blocks cemented by such paste. The cathode connections may be introduced either from the top of the cell or through the cell side walls or bottom.  During the start-up heating stage the refractory hard metal cathode connections are protected against thermal shock by coating at least a part of their length with a refractory cement with or without asbestos wool or with a refractory powder such as alumina contained within a metal cap as of aluminium.  The resistance heating material which is placed on the cell bottom and contacted by the heating anodes may be a carbon grist but due to difficulty in removal of such material it is preferred to employ graphite or carbon blocks.  During the cell heating stage frozen flux and cryolite or powdered alumina are added around the anodes to form a retaining crust when molten flux or solid flux and solid aluminium is later added when the cell has reached the required temperature and the anodes are raised off the cell bottom for starting aluminium electrolysis.
Patent GB-851100-A (GB)
Title: A coin-operated automatic vending machine for dispensing individually selectable goods suspended in the machine
IPC: G07F11/64
Filed: 1959-06-26
Abstract: 851,100. Coin-freed vending apparatus. WIENGANDT, K., and WIENGANDT, W. June 26, 1959 [June 28, 1958(3)], No. 21967/59. Class 27 A coin-freed automatic vending machine for delivering individually selectable articles 1 comprises a suspension means 20 for each article arranged to be electrically movable for delivering the article and adapted to be subsequently returned to a re-loading position. As shown in Fig. 2, the suspension means 20 comprises a solenoid 22 mounted on a plate 241 secured to the casing 11 of the machine with the plunger 21 of the solenoid extending through a second plate 24, the article being suspended by a loop-shaped means 2 located on the plunger either between the plate 24 and the solenoid as shown, or outside the plate; the casing 11 may be dispensed with and the suspension means mounted inside a shop window, the delivered article being accessible from outside through a hatch. In operation, after the insertion of a coin, the desired article is selected, for example, by operating a push-button which energizes the solenoid 22 thereby causing the supporting means 2 to slide off the plunger and deliver the article via shoots 13, 15; on re-loading, the plunger is withdrawn by hand from the magnet. In the modification shown in Fig. 4, the article is supported on a pivoted latch 32 retained by a flexible contact arm 33, which, when the machine is operated, is attracted by an electro-magnet 38 so as to release the pivoted latch and thereby deliver the suspended article; the latch is re-set by hand. In an alternative arrangement, the magnet 38 is dispensed with and the arm 33 is in the form of a bi-metal strip which when the machine is operated, is heated by an electric resistance surrounding the strip, thereby causing the latter to deflect and release the latch 32.
Patent GB-1575346-A (GB)
Title: Communications transmission links including intermediate amplifiers
IPC: H04B3/36
Filed: 1977-05-25
Abstract: In remotely fed repeaters, blocking capacitors are provided between the reference potential and the outer conductor connection. In repeaters of this type, a maximum open loop loss is intended to be achieved with low signal power attenuation. For this purpose, the invention provides for a division of the amplifier into at least two sub-amplifiers (11, 12), each with its own capacitor (33, 34) disposed between the reference potential and the outer conductor connection, the feed voltage inputs (o, +) of the sub-amplifiers being RF-decoupled from one another via inductors (53, 54). In addition, a filter circuit can be provided between two consecutive sub-amplifiers as a multi-gate circuit (5). A repeater according to the invention is particularly suitable for coaxial data transmission paths. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-482420-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to guided electromagnetic wave transmission
IPC: H01P1/24
Filed: 1937-08-10
Abstract: 482,420. Signalling through dielectric guides. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Aug. 10, 1937, No. 22007. Convention date, Oct. 31, 1936. [Class 40 (v)] Relates to high-frequency transmission lines of the dielectric-guide type, as described in Specifications 420,447 and 472,725, and consists in the provision of a number of energyabsorbing impedances spaced along the guide for attenuating the transmitted wave to any desired degree. The desired result is obtained by means of shunt elements Z1, Z2, Fig. 1, which are spaced apart preferably by a quarter wave-length. They may take the form of a tight-fitting disc, Fig. 1A, or, in the case of transverse waves, of one or more diametric wires 12, Fig. 1B, which may include lumped resistance. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 6, attenuation xnay be effected by the use of series elements Rq, which may take the form of short sections of sputtered glass, Fig. 6A, or of wires inserted across a gap between two guidesections. A series element such as 17, Fig. 11, may be combined with a shunt element 19, the gap between the guide-sections A, B being covered by a metallic cylinder 20 to prevent leakage of power. One of the attenuation elements may be a conductive piston spaced a quarter-wave away from the energy-absorbing element. This short-circuits the guide-line and forms a terminating impedance free from reflection.
Patent GB-184491-A (GB)
IPC: F25B17/00
Filed: 1922-08-12
Abstract: 184,491. Rumpler, E. Aug. 15, 1921, [Convention date]. Refrigerating, absorption machines and processes for. - The generator-absorber of a machine working on the reversing system is formed of two vessels a, b connected by a pipe c leading from the liquid space of one vessel and terminating at the bottom of the other vessel. The vessels a, b may be arranged one above the other, as shown in Fig. 1, or side by side, as shown in Fig. 4, or made integral but sub-divided by a partition wall, as shown in Fig. 3. Each vessel is provided with heating means d, e which when in operation cause the gas to be discharged through the tube g into the condenser and evaporator (not shown). During the absorption period the cooling water from the condenser is circulated through the pipe-coil k arranged in the vessel a or in both vessels. The heating medium may be electricity, gas, steam, water jacket, spirit, &c., and the heating may be effected in the two vessels simultaneously or at different times. To eliminate the water from the gas the vessel b may be provided with transverse walls or baffle plates of sheet metal. In a modification, the apparatus may comprise several generator-absorber vessels, as shown in Fig. 7, operated in such a manner that the generating period of one part coincides with the absorption period of another part, the heating being controlled automatically by clock-work. Ammonia, chloride of zinc, sulphuric acid, or the like may be employed ,in the system.
Patent GB-170659-A (GB)
Title: A process of and apparatus for restoring the strength of steel
IPC: C21D1/40
Filed: 1920-07-23
Abstract: 170,659. Harris, F. W., and Bardeen, H. A. July 23, 1920. Modifying physical characters of metals.-For restoring the strength and toughness of fatigued ferrous members, they are raised to a temperature of 750‹-900‹ C. by passing through them an electric current and are subjected to mechanical pressure during heating. Apparatus for carrying out this process comprises a hearth 11 on which a tube 60 to be treated rests clamped between copper heads 30. These heads 30 are connected by cables 32 to a generator or transformer, are slidable on rods 20, and are attached to sliding carriages 21, which are operated by screwed spindles 24 working in stationary nuts 26. Each tube 60 is rolled along the hearth into position between the heads and a hood 40 of heat-insulating material is lowered over it during the heating, longitudinal pressure being brought to bear on the tube by operating the hand-wheels 27. The Specification states that by subjecting the material under treatment to a mechanical pull produced by magnetic action during the heating period, better results are obtained.
Patent GB-648320-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in resilient mounting for cycle saddles
IPC: B62J1/04
Filed: 1947-08-08
Abstract: 648,320. Cycle saddles TROXEL MANUFACTURING CO. Aug. 8, 1947, No. 22146. Convention date, Sept. 23, 1941. [Class 136 (iii)] A cycle saddle comprises a seat 1 having resilient supporting means at its front and rear ends whereby the seat is mounted on reach means, the supporting means including at least one block-like member 27 or 28 of rubber or similar resilient material, one face of which is bonded to a member 291 connected to the reach means and the other face of which is bonded to a member 29 connected to the seat so that the block 27 or 28 is torsionally distorted by movement of the seat with respect to the reach means. Each block 27, 28 comprises a centrally perforated rubber disc to which are bonded centrally perforated metallic discs 29, 291 each provided with diametrical grooves 26, 261 to receive the ends of levers 36 or 37 and the rear ends of reach bars 13 or 14 respectively. Fig. 4 shows the block 27 free from torsional strain and Figs. 1 and 2 show the bodies 27, 28 after they have been subjected to a torsional strain by a relative rotation of the discs 29, 291 caused by rotation of the levers 36, 37. A flange 36b on the lever 36 limits the divergence between levers 36, 38 and maintains the initial torsional stress.
Patent GB-598020-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rugs, mats and the like
IPC: A47G27/04
Filed: 1945-08-28
Abstract: 598,020. Carpets. WOELLWARTH, W. D. Aug. 28, 1945, No. 22176. [Class 142 (iv)] A composite rug, mat or the like comprises a layer 1 of carpet material and a backing layer 3 having a recessed edge, the edges of the layers being united by means of a protective element 4 of metal or other relatively rigid material which may extend along some or all of the edges of the rug. The edge of the layer 1 may be reduced in thickness, e.g., by having the pile removed therefrom. The element 4 may be pierced to allow the rug to be secured to the floor or it may be provided with press studs for the same purpose. In a modification, the limbs of the protective element are discontinuous or recessed to provide a series of tongues. In another modification, the protective element is L-shaped, one limb engaging the upper face of the rug and the other limb being secured to the recessed edge of the backing layer. The mat may be used as a stair tread.
Patent GB-1221247-A (GB)
Title: A vehicle safety seat belt mounting
IPC: B60R22/34
Filed: 1968-05-10
Abstract: 1,221,247. Safety harness. JIM ROBBINS SEAT BELT CO. 10 May, 1968 [15 May, 1967], No. 22179/68. Heading A3V. An energy absorbing safety seat belt mounting consists of a hollow tube 22 made of a relatively soft but rigid metal, for example aluminium, adapted to be mounted on the body of a vehicle and containing a guide member 50 having laterally directed teeth 62, 64 made for example of steel, which are pulled along the tube, abrading its inner walls if a predetermined force is exerted by the belt 18 and the guide member 50. The end 48 of seat belt 18 is attached to an anchor pin 46 in the tube 22 and the belt then passes round rollers 40, 44, 42, 76 and under roller 86 and over roller 96. Rollers 40, 42 are mounted on a yoke 38 which is urged along the tube 22 away from the anchor pin 46 by a cable 36 mounted on a spring bias wind-up drum 32. When the driver sits forward yoke 38 moves towards the anchor pin 46 allowing the belt 18 to be paid out. Roller 96 is mounted on a U-shaped member 88 pivoted on a pin 90 and kept in position under normal use by spring bias member 98 wrapped round a pin 100. A sudden excessive pull on the belt 18 will pivot the U-shaped member 88 causing cooperating abutment portions 92, 94 to approach one another and clamp the belt 18 between them. If the excessive force continues a slide member 74, movable inside the guide member 50, moves to the right relative to the guide member 50 against the bias of the springs 78 until roller 76 disposed in slots 70 parallel to the axis of the tube and mounted on the slide member 74, reaches the end of the slot 70, the roller 76 now acting as a stress transmitting connection between the belt 18 and the guide member 50. If the force acting on the belt 18 is of a predetermined magnitude the guide member 50 commences its energy absorbing stroke towards the right with the teeth 62, 64 scraping grooves (102) (Fig. 4, not shown) in the side walls 56 and 58. The extreme end of the travel of the guide member 50 is defined by the forward edges of the side section 56, 58 reaching the guide roller 86.
Patent GB-1345362-A (GB)
Title: Detecting deformations in structures
IPC: G01G19/18
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1345362 Safety devices for jib cranes POTAIN POCLAIN MATERIEL 19 April 1971 [17 March 1970] 22307/71 Heading B8B [Also in Division G1] A luffing, slewing jib crane is provided with a device for detecting excessive mechanical stress in its turret 2 when subjected to overload. The turret 2 has upper and lower members 17, 15 interconnected by a wall 20 which takes up a position such as 20a when distorted under load. Upper element 17 is connected to main body 16 of a safety device, the lower element 15 being connected by a fork 13 to a lever 26 pivoted about an axis 23 defined by bearings 22. The deformation is converted by rotation of an eccentric cam (23), Fig. 4 (not shown), into angular movement of the lever 26. A set of cams 27 integral with the end of the lever 26 actuates control members 28 of contactors 29 controlling various operations and alarm devices.
Patent GB-1294286-A (GB)
Title: High frequency line
Inventor: MARTIN HELMUT
IPC: H01P3/00
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1294286 Aerials; inductive signalling; radio signalling KABELUND METALLWERKE GUTEHOFFNUNGSHUTTE AG 19 April 1971 [24 Feb 1970] 22439/71 Headings H4A H4L and H4U A high-frequency line adapted to produce a restricted external field comprises conductor means, such as the inner conductor 1 of a coaxial line, a surrounding dielectric, and an outer metal screen 2, which in this case is the outer conductor of the coaxial line. An axially extending gap 3 is provided in the screen 2, for passage of the field due to a current in the line. This gap is bridged over by metallic material 5 of such dimensions that the passage of the electrical component of the field is substantially prevented, whilst the passage of the magnetic component of the field is substantially unaffected. An equation for the thickness (#] in mm. of the material 5 is:- where p is the resistivity of the material in ohms x (mm)<SP>2</SP>/m., Á r  is its relative permeability, k is a factor greater than 0.3 but less than 3.0, and f is the mean frequency. The dielectric surrounding the conductor means may be air or a solid material. The material 5 may be formed by vacuum deposition from the vapour phase, a thin foil of synthetic resin material being provided as a base when the line dielectric is air. In another embodiment, the conductor means inside the metal screen consists of two conductors, one for the forward passage of current, and the other for its return (Fig. 2, not shown). More than one axially extending gap may be provided in the metal screen. An application for the line is the transmission of TV signals to a moving train.
Patent GB-383665-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with machines for screening or grading stones, sand, gravel, grain, potatoes and such like
IPC: B07B1/42
Filed: 1932-05-05
Abstract: 383,665. Sifting-apparatus. HENDERSON, G., Kinnauld, Currie, Midlothian. May 5, 1932, No. 22449/31. [Class 117.] In apparatus for screening stones, sand gravel, grain potatoes, &c., the screen frame D is suspended from the fixed frame A by adjustable links comprising pairs of rods F, secured to heads F<1>, F<2> by nuts F<3>, F<4>, and is supported on springs P to balance the load. The actuating device consists of an eccentric shaft I and adjustable connecting rods consisting of two rods K secured by nuts K<3>, K<4> to heads K<1>, K<2>. The point of connection of the rods to the screen frame may be a bearing block M adjustable by screws N.
Patent GB-505330-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to brakes
IPC: F16D55/10
Filed: 1938-07-28
Abstract: 505,330. Vehicle brakes. KATTWINKEL, H. July 28, 1938, No. 22494. Convention date, Aug. 16, 1937. Addition to 476,339. [Class 103 (i)] [Also in Group XXXI] In the apparatus described in the parent Specification the auxiliary brake z for rigidly connecting the loose friction-disc carrier with the frame is brought into operation by release of the accelerator pedal 1 of the motor vehicle. A switch 2 is arranged on the accelerator pedal which, on release of the pedal, closes a circuit from a battery 3 through an electromagnet 7 which operates a valve 9 to admit compressed air to a liquid reservoir 13, pressure from which is communicated by a pipe 14 to the auxiliary brake z. A switch 5a, 5b is also included in the circuit which is operated by a centrifugal governor 5 driven from the wheels of the car so that the brake z can only be operated when the vehicle is moving. A further switch 4 is closed with the ignition key. Opening of the valve 9 is ensured by a mechanical connection 16 to the brake pedal. Cooling fluid is admitted to the brake by a valve 21a operated by an electromagnet 20, the circuit for which is closed by a switch 18 when the main brake pedal 15 is operated. The tank 21 for the cooling fluid is provided with a partition 21b which ensures that only cooled liquid is conducted to the brake. The inlet and outlet of the tank are arranged to admit only enough liquid to the brake just to fill it. In order that the foot may be released from the accelerated pedal when braking is not required, a switch 25 mounted on the steering-wheel may also be included in the circuit, which is depressed when braking is required.
Patent GB-780747-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to voltage stabilising arrangements
Inventor: THOMAS DAVID CALDWELL
IPC: G05F1/52
Filed: 1954-08-03
Abstract: 780,747. Automatic voltage control systems. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. July 15, 1955 [Aug. 3, 1954], No. 22514/54. Class 38 (4). In a voltage-stabilizing network a series valve V3 is controlled by the output of a twostage direct-coupled amplifier V1, V2 responsive to voltage differences between a reference source Vo and a tap on a potentiometer P1 connected with resistors across the network output Vo which is to be stabilized with variations in supply V1. The amplifier response to fluctuations in Vo is improved by a negative feedback coupling between the anodes of the amplifier pentodes, the consequent drop in overall gain being partially compensated by running valve VI as a " starved " pentode with high anode load and low screen potential, whereby its gain is considerably increased. A theoretical analysis is given of the gain and response characteristics of this type of amplifier.
Patent GB-1098797-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for transferring samples to be analysed into a chromatography column
IPC: G01N30/20
Filed: 1965-05-27
Abstract: 1,098,797. Transferring samples to chromatography columns. CESKOSLOVENSKA AKADEMIE VED. May 27, 1965 [June 1, 1964], No. 22560/65. Heading B1X. Samples are transferred from reservoirs 42 to a chromatography column 13 by firstly drawing the samples together with protecting buffers by means of a cylinder 17 and piston 18 arrangement into a capillary sample receptacle tubing 16 when a multi-way distributor 15 is in the position shown, and then secondly changing the position of the distributor (shown in dashed lines) and facing the sample and its covering buffers by means of a pump 11 through the distributor to the column 13. All the tubes and parts are capillary. The reservoirs 42, which are each covered with a thin membrane 43, are arranged around a rotatable table 39 to bring them successively under an injection needle 28. Can 35 causes the needle to penetrate under the sample surface and cam 22 causes sucking action of the piston 18. Rinsing of the tubes and column is effected by drawing a solution from reservoirs 44, 45, for which purpose the needle is displaceable towards the table centre. The multi-way distributor may be replaced by three way cocks, and the piston may displace the sample from the receptacle tubing instead of pump 11, the pump 11 delivering buffers into the column through tubing 10 while the sample is being drawn into the receptacle tubing 16 (Figs. 2-5, not shown). A pair of columns 13, each with their own pump, may be supplied with samples from the same receptacle tubing. The function of the receptacle tubing may be taken over by the upper part of the cylinder 17 (Figs. 10 and 11, not shown.)
Patent GB-833375-A (GB)
Title: Electrical signalling means for counters
IPC: G06M1/04
Filed: 1957-07-12
Abstract: 833,375. Electric signaling systems. VEEDER-ROOT Inc. July 12, 1957 [July 12, 1956], No. 22621/59. Divided out of 833,374. Drawings to Specification. Class 40 (1). The description, which relates to a counter reading transmission system, is identical with that of Specification 833,374 but the claims are directed to the receiver.