baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent HU-209743-B (HU)
Inventor: HIDEG MIKLOS
IPC: B01D63/02
Filed: 1988-12-22
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum mechanisierten Eingieszen von Kapillarmembranbuendeln in zur Trennung von Komponenten fluessiger Loesungen und Gasgemische dienende Apparate waehrend deren Herstellung, das darin besteht, dasz in die, in einer zu diesem Zwecke ausgestalteten Vorrichtung eingefaszten Modulgehaeuse das Befestigungsharz in dem erforderlichen Volumen und entsprechender Qualitaet in das Harz aufnehmende Kammern ueber den Modulgehaeusen flexibel angeschlossenen Gieszrohre eingegossen wird, wonach der Drehrahmen der Vorrichtung rund um die Achse "Y" mit einer zentripetalen Beschleunigung von 10 g bis 100 g/g9,81 m/sec2/ gedreht wird, und zwar mit einer der Qualitaetscharakteristik des Harzes entsprechenden Umdrehungszahl, so dasz die Schnittebene "V" zwischen die Harzaufstiege in den fehlerhaften und fehlerlosen Fasern faellt, wonach der Drehrahmen mit konstanter Winkelgeschwindigkeit in Drehbewegung gehalten wird, und zwar fuer 10 bis 30% der Polymerisationszeit des Harzes, und nach der Beendigung des Verfahrens die Vorrichtung abgestellt, die Gieszrohre auf den Modulgehaeusen vertauscht werden, zuletzt das Gieszverfahren wiederholt wird. Das Verfahren wird mit Hilfe einer Vorrichtung realisiert, die ueber einen Drehrahmen * Stutzen (14; 15) fuer die Zufuhr bzw. Abfuhr der Kuehlluft, das Harz aufnehmende Kammern (8) und einen Motor mit veraenderlicher Umdrehungszahl verfuegt, wobei die Kammern (8) ueber flexible Gieszrohre (10) mit den Anschluszrohrstutzen (2) der Modulgehaeuse (1) verbunden sind.{Kapillarmembranbuendeleinbau; Apparate; Komponententrennung; Loesungen; Gasgemische}
Patent HU-209954-B (HU)
Inventor: LEHOTAI ISTVANNE
IPC: A23B4/044
Filed: 1990-12-17
Abstract: A találmány tárgya eljárás szárazáru, célszerűen szalámi érlelés, illetve tárolás közbeni állapotának ellenőrzésére és szabályozására, amelynek során a klímatér nedvességtartalmának és hőmérsékletének folyamatos mérése és ezt követően a klímatéri levegő relatív nedvességtartalmának és hőmérsékletének folyamatos változtatása. Az eljárást az jellemzi, hogy folyamatosan mérik a klímatérben elhelyezett szárazáru tömegének változását és ennek értelmében ismert módon változtatják a klímatéri levegő relatív páratartalmát és hőmérsékletét. A találmány tárgya továbbá berendezés szárazáru, célszerűen szalámi érlelés, illetve tárolás közbeni állapotának ellenőrzésére és szabályozására, amelynek klímatere, klimatizált levegő bevezető egysége és elhasznált levegő elszívó egysége, továbbá a klímatérben elhelyezett nedves hőmérője és száraz hőmérője van. A berendezést az jellemzi, hogy a klímatérben elhelyezett, kampóval (13) és bowdennel (10) ellátott tömegmérő cellája (12) és hozzá kapcsolódó jelátalakító egysége van.  HU 209 954 A A leírás terjedelme: 16 oldal (ezen belül 7 lap ábra)
Patent IT-1081442-B (IT)
Title: Double cutting machine dividing plastics coated wooden panels - has disc shaped slitter ahead of circular saw blade making converging cuts
IPC: B27B5/06
Filed: 1977-06-07
Granted: 1985-05-21
Abstract: The shaft case or gearbox for a machine engaged in cutting up wooden or similar panels is suitable for one cutting wood with a surface coating of plastics foil. A circular saw (1, 2) is combined with a disc-shaped slitting appliance (3) mounted ahead of the saw blade (1) in the direction of panel (6) feed. Thus the cut made into the panel by the slitting appliance is sited ahead of the dividing cut of the saw blade, and crosses over this cut according to the forwarding movement of the panel. The saw blade may be seated on one horizontal shaft (2) and the slitting appliance on a shaft (4) parallel to this, aligned in a common vertical plane with the saw blade, with devices for pressing it against the panel. This makes it possible to effect the whole cutting process in a single operation.
Patent MX-168895-B (MX)
Title: Electromagneto, conjunto de valvula y aparato para dosificacion de combustible
Inventor: CHAUVIN RICHARD
IPC: F02M51/06
Filed: 1987-06-15
Abstract: La presente invención se refiere a un motor electromagnético, que comprende un cuerpo magnético estacionario, al menos parcialmente constituído por material magnético, cuyo cuerpo magnético se forma para que tenga un eje de revolución, piezas de polo situadas para estar centrales y estacionarias con respecto al cuerpo magnético, bobinas eléctricas efectivas cuando se energizan para crear un campo magnético, armaduras, paredes transversales que se extienden en general transversales al eje de revolución y efectiva cuando menos en parte para recibir la armadura, la cual se mueve en contacto con la pieza de polo, ante la energización de la bobina, el cuerpo magnético y la pieza de polo funciona para proporcionar un circuito para trayectoria de flujo magnético respecto a la bobina eléctrica ante su energización, en donde la trayectoria para flujo magnético está constituída de una porción no móvil del motor electromagnético y de una porción móvil del motor electromagnético, en donde la porción móvil consiste de las paredes transversales y la armadura, en donde la porción no móvil del motor electromagnético comprende las piezas de polo y el cuerpo magnético estacionario, y montajes adicionales que forman una interrupción no magnética significativa en la porción no móvil del motor electromagnético, para mejorar la fuga de flujo y reduciendo así el tiempo para descenso de flujo para la trayectoria de flujo.
Patent NL-146778-B (NL)
IPC: C07C29/52
Filed: 1963-03-01
Abstract: In the liquid phase oxidation of C4- 8 saturated hydrocarbons to alcohols and ketones with a molecular oxygen containing gas in presence of boric acid or a dehydrated form thereof at 140-180 DEG C., the partial pressure of water in p.s.i. over the reaction mixture at T DEG C is more than P but not more than P1 given by the equations log10P1 = 0.0107T + 0.068 log10P = 0.0175T - 1.85  The intermediate boric acid esters may be isolated, but are usually directly hydrolysed to the desired alcohol, e.g. by heating with water.  The end product contains ketone as by-product.  Specified starting materials are cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, mono and dimethylcyclohexanes, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane and the methylpentanes.
Patent NO-137658-B (NO)
Title: Fremgangsm}te og anordning for oppvarming av vann ved hjelp av vannpumper
Inventor: FRIEDEL WOLFGANG
IPC: E04H4/12
Filed: 1974-05-10
Abstract: Fremgangsmåte og anordning for oppvarming av vann ved hjelp av vannpumper.
Patent NO-145096-B (NO)
Title: Nye 5-hydroksypropionylamino-2,4,6-trijod-sioftalsyre-bis(dihydroksypropylamider) for anvendelse i roentgenkontrastmidler, fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av forbindelsene samt roentgenkontrastmidler inneholdende disse
Inventor: FELDER ERNST
IPC: C07C233/69
Filed: 1975-12-12
Abstract: Nye 5-hydroksypropionylamino-2,4, 6-trijodisoftalsyre-bis(dihydroksypropylamider) for anvendelse i røntgenkontrastmidler, fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av forbindelsene samt røntgenkontrastmidler inneholdende disse.
Patent NO-147577-B (NO)
Title: Radarreflektor.
Inventor: FIRTH JOHN HEWITT
IPC: H01Q15/18
Filed: 1978-07-04
Abstract: Radarreflektor.
Patent NO-155084-B (NO)
Inventor: LUNDEN BERTIL
IPC: A47K10/38
Filed: 1983-03-29
Abstract: The invention relates to a holder for paper rolls with central dispensing of the paper from the interior of the roll. There is a pull-out opening (7) for the paper web in one end wall (3) of the holder, where it is surrounded by a projecting, substantially tubular, tearing means (4) with tearing teeth (5) for tearing off the paper web.According to the invention, the holder is firstly made so that it can be mounted in any position, and secondly its tear means (4) are provided with protective projections (6), which extend beyond the tearing teeth (5).
Patent NO-164609-B (NO)
Inventor: WARREN GEOFFREY FRANK
IPC: C22B26/22
Filed: 1984-12-19
Abstract: Magnesium is produced by carbothermic conversion of magnesia in a process which comprises effecting the reaction in the presence of a liquid slag comprising oxides or mixed oxides and carbides of magnesium, calcium and aluminium in relative weight proportions, calculated as atomic metal: metal ratios, which by continued introduction of appropriate feedstock into the reactor are being kept within the following ranges(i) Mg:Ca from 0.28:1 to 1.34:1(ii) AI:Mg from 0.79:1 to 3.16:1(iii) Ca:A from 0.48:1 to 1.50:1under the proviso that the total amount gramatom aluminium is less than 51 % of the total amount gramatoms aluminium, calcium and magnesium contained in the slag.
Patent NO-167000-B (NO)
Inventor: WIDERSTROEM CARIN ANN-HELEN MA
IPC: B65D1/32
Filed: 1986-03-19
Abstract: Dosage package of a thermoplastic material with a relatively flat container (1), which has a permanently shaped edge wall portion (5) extending all around, as well as two opposite side wall portions (8, 9), which are compressable to discharge a well defined dosage via a discharge tube (2), which joins the edge wall portion (5).
Patent NO-173036-B (NO)
Inventor: MROZYNSKI GERD
IPC: H04Q3/52
Filed: 1989-02-09
Abstract: The invention relates to optical components for fiber-optic transmission system, e.g. attenuation element, filter, power divider, comprising at least two supports 50,51 for the fibers 53,54 and an adjusting member 52 movable therebetween. The invention is based on the object to provide an optical component of this kind suitable for remote control. The invention provides that the supports are formed as guide plates 50,51 and that the adjusting member is formed as adjustment plate 52 of dielectric material, that the adjustment plate 52 is movable in a guide space 57 formed between the guide plates 50, 51, and that at least one support plate 50,51 is provided with at least two electrode surfaces 55,56 building-up a dielectric field, said electrode surfaces 55, 56 being connected to a control system for voltage supply.
Patent NO-177095-B (NO)
Title: Analogifremgangsmåte for fremstilling av terapeutisk virksomme 2-(l-piperazinyl)-4-fenylcycloalkanopyridin-derivater
Inventor: HINO KATSUHIKO
IPC: C07D401/04
Filed: 1990-03-01
Abstract: Nye, terapeutisk virksomme 2-(1-piperazinyl)-4-fenylcycloalkano-pyridinderivater med den generelle formel. (I):. hvor n er 3, 4, 5, 6 eller 7; Rer. hydrogen, C-|-C-j Q-alkyl, C-C-alkenyl,. C-C-alkynyl,3-C-cycloalkyl, C-C-cycloalkyl-(Ci-C)-alkyl, hydroxy-(C-C)-alkyl, C-| -C3-alkoxy-(C2-C6)-alkyl, acyloxy-(C-C)-alkyl, usubstituert eller substituert aroyl-(C-|-CsJ-alkyl, usubstituert eller substituert aryl, heteroaryl eller acyl;oger like eller ulike og er hydrogen, halogen, C-i-Cg-alkyl, C-j-Cs-alkoxy, trifluormethyl eller hydroxy;. 4,oger like eller ulike og er hydrogen, Ci-C-alkyl eller fenyl, eller to av substituentene R, Rog Rdanner sammen en enkeltbinding eller C-C-alkylen;og Rer like eller ulike og er hydrogen eller Ci-Calkyl; m er 2. eller 3; eller er syreaddisjonssalter av disse forbindelser.De nye forbindelser oppviser verdifulle psykotropiske egenskaper. Fremstillingen av forbindelsene er beskrevet.
Patent NO-179748-B (NO)
Inventor: BARTH HUBERT
IPC: C07D491/056
Filed: 1990-05-04
Abstract: The invention relates to novel bis(1H-indol-3-yl)maleimide derivatives, a process for their preparation, pharmaceuticals containing these compounds and their use for the treatment of cardiac and vascular diseases such as thromboses, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, inflammatory processes, allergies, cancer and certain types of degenerative damage of the central nervous system and also disorders of the immune system and viral diseases.
Patent SE-307552-B (SE)
Inventor: THOMPSON S
IPC: A23D9/02
Filed: 1962-04-02
Abstract: A plastic shortening comprises a base stock of soya-bean oil hardened to I.V. 80-95, preferably 84-86, and 10-12% by weight of the shortening of a fully hardened lard in which substantially all the crystalline solids are in the b -phase.  The base stock is suitably present to the extent of 82-86%, the lard is preferably of I.V. about 1, and there may additionally be present 4-6% of a mono-diglyceride emulsifier derived from a hardened soyabean oil of I.V. 75-77.  The shortenings are suitably prepared by pumping a molten blend through a refrigerated tube into containers in which it is tempered at about 90 DEG  F. for 3-4 days, and thereafter stored at 70 DEG  F.
Patent SE-336862-B (SE)
Inventor: TURNBULL J
IPC: B01D53/047
Filed: 1967-04-06
Abstract: In a cyclic vapour phase adsorption-desorption separation process using a fixed bed of solid selective adsorbent, the desorption is effected by forming a partial vacuum on the adsorption bed by directly condensing, with a quench liquid, the affluent vapours from the bed during the desorptive step.  A purge step may be interposed between adsorption and desorption which is also effected by forming a partial vacuum by condensation of effluent from the purge step wherein the pressure is reduced to a level intermediate the adsorption and desorption stage pressures.  The process is particularly suitable for separation of n-hydrocarbons from iso- and cyclo-hydrocarbons by application to the process of Specification 1,026,116.  The selective adsorbent may be molecular seive.
Patent YU-48634-B (YU)
Title: Process for obtaining 6-(substituted aminopropyonyl) derivatives of phorscoline and compounds produced by this procedure
Inventor: DR SOUZA NOEL JOHN DE
IPC: A61P37/04
Filed: 1991-07-22
Abstract: Process for the manufacture of 6 beta -(3-substitutedamino) propionyloxyforskolin derivatives of the general formula <CHEM> o
Patent YU-46870-B (YU)
Title: Postupak proizvodnje tečnih bistrih azotnih organo-mineralnih djubriva na bazi karbamid-formaldehidnih kondenzata
Inventor: BABIN M
Filed: 1990-09-20
Abstract: POSTUPAK PROIZVODNJE TEČNIH BISTRIH AZOTNIH ORGANO-MINERALNIH DJUBRIVA NA BAZI KARBAMID-FORMALDEHIDNIH KONDENZATA, naznačen time, što se u rastvor karbamid-formaldehidnog kondenzata sa molskim odnosom karbamid: formaldehid 1:1,8 - 2,4 i sadržajem suve materije 45-55% dodaje tehnička urea do potpunog rastvaranja pri masenom odnosu karbamid-formaldehidni kondenzat: urea 1:0,4 - 0,8 i dobija rastvor sa 60 - 70% suve materije. Prijava sadrži 1 nezavisan i 3 zavisna zahteva.
Patent YU-46782-B (YU)
Title: Ultrazvučni gorionik za tečna goriva
Inventor: MILORAD CIRKOVIC
Filed: 1989-11-21
Abstract: ULTRAZVUČNI GORIONIK ZA TEČNA GORIVA, koji se sastoji od nosača (10) gorionika kroz koji prolazi cev (7) za vazduh koje se držačem (9) gorionika spajaju i cevi (11) za gorivo koja je prednjim delom spojena sa adapterom (6) a zadnjim delom prolazi kroz zaptivni elemenat (8), naznačen time, što je adapter (6) navojem spojen sa diznom (12) izmedju kojih je zaptivna rešetka (5) i što je na prednjem delu dizne (12) postavljen rezonator (2) i usmerivač (1). Prijava sadrži još 3 zavisna zahteva.
Patent YU-39453-B (YU)
Title: Electrical radiation heater
Inventor: GOESSLER G
IPC: H05B3/74
Filed: 1980-12-12
Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a radiant electrical heater, intended more particularly for heating glass ceramic hotplates, comprises so inserting or pressing helical heating resistors in helical slots in a support, such that the support or the heater coils themselves are deformed and consequently fixed to the support. The coils penetrate the wall or bottom areas of the slot or are otherwise secured by parts of the support by positive engagement. An apparatus for performing the method has a tool with ribs which deforms the support or heater coils for positive engagement. A radiant heater is obtained, whose support has partly overlapping deformations in the slot area of the heater coils.
Patent ZA-831696-B (ZA)
Title: Vibration damper
Inventor: STEINER HEINZ
IPC: F16F7/10
Filed: 1983-03-11
Abstract: A vibration damper comprises a housing defining a cavity; a damping mass accommodated for oscillation in the cavity between wall surfaces; and spring elements situated on two opposite sides of the damping mass. Each spring element is in engagement with the damping mass and a respective one of the wall surfaces for positioning the damping mass in the cavity. Each spring element has a shape selected to confer to the spring element a dynamic deformation behavior characterizing spherical bodies. Further, the spring elements, as viewed together, are arranged at least approximately symmetrically with respect to a central axis of the damping mass oriented parallel to the path of oscillation. The vibration damper also includes an arrangement for guiding the damping mass linearly along the path of oscillation.
Patent ZA-831843-B (ZA)
Title: Manufacture of ortho-methyl anilines from ortho-amino benzyl sulfoxides
Inventor: CHUPP JOHN PAUL
IPC: C07C211/47
Filed: 1983-03-16
Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of orthomethyl anilines from ortho-amino benzyl sulfoxides. An ortho-amino benzyl sulfoxide is converted to an ortho-amino benzyl halide by reaction with a nonoxidizing acid halide and is recovered from the reaction medium as an anilinium salt. After redissolving, the ortho-amino benzyl halide is hydrode-halogenated to form an ortho-methyl aniline.
Patent ZA-844115-B (ZA)
Title: Power station including an integrated coal gasification plant
Inventor: MUELLER RAINER
IPC: F02C6/00
Filed: 1984-05-30
Abstract: Power generating station with an integrated coal gasification plant, with an air separation plant, a coal gasifier and a heat exchanger and dust removal plant connected to the coal gasifier, as well as with a gas turbine and steam power generating part connected to the heat exchanger and dust removal plant part. An ammonia synthesis plant is connected to the coal gasification plant with the interposition of a gas purification plant and a gas decomposition plant. Part of the exhaust gas produced in the ammonia synthesis can be fed as so-called purge gas to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine together with the gases separated in the gas purification plant and in the gas separation plant, and part of the dust-free raw gas of the coal gasifier.
Patent ZA-853160-B (ZA)
Title: Method of controlling soil pests using a phosphorothioate compound
Inventor: TIEMAN CHARLES HENRY
IPC: A01N57/12
Filed: 1985-04-29
Abstract: A method for controlling insect larvae which inhabit the soil and feed on growing plants selected from rootworms, cutworms and wireworms which comprises applying to the soil habitat of the larvae an insecticidally effective amount of 0,0-diethyl 0-(1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethyl) phosphorothioate.
Patent ZA-883829-B (ZA)
Title: Antiviral compounds
Inventor: KRENITSKY THOMAS ANTHONY
IPC: C07H19/16
Filed: 1988-05-27
Abstract: The present invention relates to certain substituted purine arabinosides and their pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives especially esters and their use in the treatment and prophylaxis of varicella zoster virus and cytomegalovirus infections. The invention also includes pharmaceutical formulations and processes for the preparation of such compounds.
Patent ZA-883958-B (ZA)
Title: Mutant t-pa with ringle replacement
Inventor: MULVIHILL EILEEN R
IPC: C12N1/21
Filed: 1988-06-03
Abstract: Tissue plasminogen activator analogs exhibiting greater specificity for fibrin than native t-PA are disclosed. The analogs include the K1 domain of native t-PA replaced with another kringle domain mediating the binding of the analog to fibrin. The kringle contains six cysteine residues. The t-PA analogs may further include a variety of substitutions and modifications. Pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of the t-PA analogs along with a physiologically acceptable carrier or diluent are also disclosed.
Patent ZA-885127-B (ZA)
Title: Phosphonium salts
Inventor: CURTZE JUERGEN
IPC: C07F9/547
Filed: 1988-07-15
Abstract: The invention provides fungicidal compositions containing phosphonium salts of formula:-   <CHEM> in which n represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, R represents a halogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkyl group, R<1>, R<2> and R<3> independently represent an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl group and X represents an anion; certain novel phosphonium salts, a process for the preparation of such compounds and a method of combating plant pathogenic fungi using such compositions or compounds.
Patent ZA-914286-B (ZA)
Title: Method of isolating restriction fragment deletions in vibrio cholerae,and products thereof
Inventor: KAPER JAMES B
IPC: C12N15/09
Filed: 1991-06-05
Abstract: This invention relates to methods of isolating deletion mutants of Vibrio cholerae. In one method, the deletion is predetermined by digestion with restriction endonucleases of known specificity. The deletions are inserted into the Vibrio cholerae chromosome by in vivo recombination between a plasmid carrying the desired deletion, with adjacent flanking sequences, and the Vibrio cholerae chromosome. In another method, an initial in vivo recombination event of homologous sequences from the recombinant plasmid into the chromosome provides a selectable marker at this site. A second in vivo recombination event between homologous flanking sequences results in excision of proficient genes from the chromosome with the end product being a deletion mutation. The invention includes the isolation and characterization of a new Vibrio cholerae strain having a deletion in the ctx gene, as defined by Acc I, Xba I, Cla I and/or restriction endonuclease sites and further having a deletion in the gene encoding zonula occludens toxin.
Patent ZA-953640-B (ZA)
Title: Machine and method for manufacture of a sheet of single-face corrugated board by gluing under tension
Inventor: BARNY JEAN-JACQUES
IPC: B31F1/20
Filed: 1995-05-05
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FR95/00586 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 5, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 5, 1996 PCT Filed May 5, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/30537 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 16, 1995Machine (1) and method of manufacture of a single-face corrugated board sheet whereby a fluted cardboard sheet (23) is glued to a flat sheet. The machine comprises three heating cylinders having parallel axes, tangently arranged pairwise and means (26) for positive traction driving the corrugated board sheet, said means being located downstream of the path of the corrugated board in relation to the three cylinders. The fluted sheet is pressed onto the cylinder downstream of the first contact (29) between the flat sheet and the fluted sheet, in an arc of a circle corresponding to an angle at the center (alpha) of a first predetermined value greater then zero. Said positive driving means are associated with complementary means for heating said corrugated board.
Patent ZA-959032-B (ZA)
Title: Aqueous two-component polyurethane coating composition process for its preparation and its use in methods of producing a multicoat paint system
Inventor: BRUENNEMANN MICHAEL
IPC: C08G18/62
Filed: 1995-10-25
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP95/04234 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 3, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 3, 1997 PCT Filed Oct. 28, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/14348 PCT Pub. Date May 17, 1996The present invention relates to an aqueous two-component polyurethane coating composition comprising A) a water-dilutable polyacrylate resin (A) having an OH number of from 40 to 200 and an acid number of from 20 to 100 mg of KOH/g, and B) a polyisocyanate component, characterized in that the water-dilutable acrylate resin is obtainable by solution polymerization of at least one ester of (meth)acrylic acid and a cycloaliphatic C6 to C10 alcohol, with the exception of cyclohexyl methacrylate, at least one hydroxyl-containing monomer, if desired, at least one vinyl ester of  alpha -branched monocarboxylic acids having 5 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule and/or at least one reaction product of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid with the glycidyl ester of  alpha -branched monocarboxylic acids having 5 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule, at least one carboxyl-containing monomer and, if desired, further, essentially carboxyl-free monomers, the resulting polyacrylate resin being at least partially neutralized and dispersed in water.