Patent ES-348760-A1 (ES)
Title: Automatic adjusters
IPC: F16D65/56
Filed: 1967-12-29
Abstract: An automatic adjuster for a vehicle brake linkage comprises two relatively rotatable members 1, 2 (Fig. 1) interconnected by a screw thread 3, a friction coupling or brake 4 associated with the member 2, and means effective in response to the need for adjustment to cause relative oscillatory motion between one part of the coupling or brake 4 and the member 1 with the screw thread 3 axially loaded, the value of the slip torque of the clutch or brake 4 lying between the values of torque in the screw thread 3 due to turning with and against the axial load respectively, so that the oscillation causes relative rotation between the members 1, 2 in one direction only. Fig. 4 shows an hydraulic actuator for a disc brake of the type described in Specifications 1,075,371 and 1,147,639, in which pressure fluid supplied to a space 16 forces apart non-rotatable pistons 10, 11 in a cylinder bore 12. Piston 10 acts directly on one brake pad (not shown) and piston 11 acts via a yoke (not shown) on a second brake pad. An automatic adjuster comprising a nut 18 screw-threaded to a rod 17, and a friction brake 20, 21, limits movement of the pistons towards one another. A spring clip 34 round the rod 17 engages a cylindrical key 35 to prevent rotation of the rod 17. One end of the rod 17 bears, via a strut 22, on a cam 23 having a stop to limit its rotation. A handbrake lever (not shown) turns the cam 23 anti-clockwise to move the piston 10 to apply the disc brake. The friction brake of the adjuster comprises a ring 20, 24 rotatable against a ring 21, 25 force-fitted into the piston 10. The washer 25 may be of P.T.F.E. to give the required slipping torque. Axial loading of the nut 18 causes a cam device comprising balls 28 between ramps (30, 29) (Figs. 5, 6, not shown) in opposed faces of the ring 20 and a flange 27 of the nut 18 to urge relative rotation between the ring 20 and nut 18 against a torsion spring 31. Pressure fluid passes through an axial clearance in the screwthread connection from the chamber 16 to urge the rod 17 rightwards. Normally the nut 18 is continuously held against rotation by engagement with a shoulder 32 in the piston 10. When adjustment is required, the thread clearance is fully taken up so that on brake application the nut 18 is moved rightwards relative to the piston 10 so that the nut ceases to engage the shoulder 32 and is turned by the cam device 20, 27 to effect the adjustment, the brake 20, 21 holding the ring 20. When the hydraulic pressure is released, the spring 31 causes relative rotation of the nut 18 and ring 20 in the opposite sense, the brake 20, 21 slipping, and the nut 18 being held against rotation by the friction in the screw thread. In a modification (Fig. 8, not shown) the adjuster friction brake is replaced by a friction coupling between the nut flange (42) and a ring (41), a cam device as in the main embodiment acting between the ring (41) and a ring (44, 45) force-fitted into the piston 10. A further modification (Fig. 9, not shown) uses a reversible screw-thread, e.g. of P.T.F.E., between the piston 10 and a clutch ring (61) in place of the cam device. In Fig. 10, the adjuster comprises a rotatable rod 74 screw threaded directly into a non- rotary piston 70, and a flange 92 of a ring 75 is urged by a Belleville spring 90 against flange 76 of the rod 74 to form a friction coupling. Rotation of the ring 75 is limited by a tangential plunger 86 which is urged in one direction by a spring (84) (Fig. 11, not shown) and in the opposite direction by pressure fluid in the chamber 89, a fairly low pressure overcoming the spring, so that the ring 75 is oscillated once per brake application. The screw-thread has axial clearance, and adjustment takes place when wear is sufficient for all this clearance to be taken up on brake application. The screw thread is a buttress thread with symmetrical or asymmetrical thread profile.