baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1147482-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to addition products of ethylene oxide to carboxylic acids
IPC: C11C3/00
Filed: 1967-08-08
Abstract: 1,147,482. Ethylene glycol monoesters. HENKEL & CIE G.m.b.H. 8 Aug., 1967 [9 Aug., 1966], No. 36305/67. Heading C2C. Ethylene glycol carboxylic acid monoesters are prepared in a continuous process by the reaction of ethylene oxide or the addition product of ethylene oxide to the acid with carboxylic acid in the presence of alkaline catalysts at above 200‹ C. The ethylene oxide and acid are passed in a molar ratio of from 1 : 1 to 1: 6 through a reactor with a cross-section small in relation to its length, surrounded by a heat exchanger and under a pressure to maintain the liquid state and at a peak temperature between 230‹ C. and 390‹ C., the reactants are maintained in the heated zone for 10 to 150 seconds, and immediately cooled to a temperature below 180‹ C. The heating may be in two zones, at a range of 170‹ to 240‹ C. and a range of 240‹ to 390‹ C., and a catalyst concentration of 0À01 to 1% is mentioned. Natural fatty acids, dimeric fatty acids and carboxylic acids obtained by the oxidation of hydrocarbons may be used and examples describe the treatment of lauric acid, a C 12 -C 18  fatty acid mixture, a C 8 -C 10  fatty acid mixture, oleic and erucic acids, and ethylene glycol monoesters of these acids.
Patent GB-778129-A (GB)
Title: Method of cooling and granulating petroleum pitch
IPC: C10C3/16
Filed: 1955-12-19
Abstract: 778,129. Treating pitch. GULF RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CO. Dec. 19, 1955 [Dec. 27, 1954], No. 36327/55. Class 55 (2). Petroleum pitch is cooled and granulated by mixing the liquid pitch with water at high temperature, and under pressure sufficient to maintain substantial amounts of water in the liquid phase, and rapidly reducing the pressure so that liquid water is vaporized by extracting heat from the pitch. The pitch is ordinarily withdrawn from a distillation tower and, as it is necessary for the temperature of the dispersion of pitch in water to be below the critical temperature of water, it may be necessary to cool the pitch before feeding it at 24 to a pump 26 which forces it into a pipe 20 receiving water from pipes 10, 12 via a pump 14 and preheater 18. The pitch and water temperatures are such that a dispersion at 232‹ C. to 370‹ C. and preferably at 260‹ C. to 315‹ C. is obtained. The preferred pressure range is 49 to 112 kilograms per square centimetre gauge. The proportion of water to pitch may vary considerably since excess water may readily be drained from the cooled, granulated pitch. The pitchwater mixture is formed into a dispersion by the turbulence created by baffles 30. Alternatively, the dispersion may be made in a tube of sufficiently small bore to create the turbulence and of sufficient length to effect the mixing. The pressure is rapidly reduced by a valve 32, thereby causing flashing of liquid water into steam. The separator 36 is substantially at atmospheric pressure. Water vapour passes up the pipe 38 either to atmosphere at 40 or is recycled through a condenser 46 and pipe 50. The pitch mass, which is broken up to an extent depending upon the velocity of the dispersion discharged from the control valve 32, falls to the bottom of the separator 36 and is discharged at 42 with the excess water. With high velocities of discharge, a very finely divided product is obtained, and with low velocities, the pitch is in the form of a substantially continuous,. highly and uniformly porous mass. The cooled pitch is brittle and breaks up into short segments when discharged into the separator 36. The velocity through the line 34 can be controlled by injecting an inert gas into the mixer 22, or by control of the heat supplied to the pitch and water to regulate the quantity of water present as steam.
Patent GB-449032-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric discharge tubes, particularly gas-filled luminous tubes
IPC: H01J61/28
Filed: 1934-12-20
Abstract: 449,032. Discharge apparatus. SCHALLREUTER, W. L. W., 89, Scrubs Lane, Willesden, London. Dec. 20, 1934, No. 36487. [Class 39 (i)] [See also Group XXIX] A method of replenishing the contents of a gas or vapour filled discharge tube, particularly a luminous tube, consists in operating the replenishing valve by means of the pressure of a definite quantity of gas which is in communication with a gas reservoir, and under normal circumstances, separate from the tube, but during the replenishing action in temporary communication with the discharge vessel through a porous plug, the pressure of the operating quantity of gas being controlled by the thermal action of the current passing through the circuit of the discharge tube. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the discharge tube D is surrounded by a jacket B of glass, porcelain or metal, the pressure in which increases with the temperature of the positive column and uncovers a porous plug P1, placing the reservoir G in communication with the discharge space to replace the filling which has been absorbed. In a modification, the inner wall of the metal jacket B forms part of the envelope of the discharge tube. The jacket B may contain liquids in addition to the operating gas, preferably liquids which dissolve the gas readily In a further modification, Fig. 4, the temperature of the electrode operates the replenishing valve, the jacket B surrounding the cup-like electrode sealed to the end of the discharge tube D. Alternatively, this arrangement may be reversed, the outer portion being then the discharge space, while the inner portion contains the operating gas. In the form shown in Fig. 5, the gas is heated by a coil C through which passes the discharge current. The mercury is forced into the side chamber L and uncovers the porous plug P1. The coil C may be sealed inside the vessel if desired. A further heating coil may be provided in or around the chamber L, through which passes an auxiliary current actuated, for example, by contacts adapted to be made by the mercury column. By this means a rapid reclosing of the replenishing valve may be secured.
Patent GB-1241450-A (GB)
Title: T-trigger constructed from logic circuits
IPC: H03K19/086
Filed: 1968-07-31
Abstract: 1,241,450. Electronic counters. TELEFUNKEN PATENTVERWERTUNGS G.m.b.H. 31 July, 1968 [1 Aug., 1967], No. 36599/68. Addition to 1,183,537. Heading G4A. [Also in Division H3] In a T-trigger circuit comprising a pair of transistors T1 T2 having their emitters connected to a current supply circuit S1 and the base of T1 connected to the emitters of transistors T41, T42 providing OR-inputs and the base of T2 connected via a D.C. voltage source R2 to the emitter of transistors T51, T52 providing NOR inputs, the collector #Q1 (Fig. 4) of T1 is connected to one of the NOR inputs, the collector Q1 1 of T2 is connected to an input of an AND circuit 2, an output Q2 of which is connected to one of the OR inputs and a delay element 3 is connected between the collector of T2 and the input of the AND circuit 2 or between an input for trigger pulses Z and a second of the NOR inputs for delaying the signals fed to it by a time interval # (Fig. 5) of one half of the pulse rise time of the signals fed to it. The AND circuit 2 may also comprise the circuit shown in Fig. 1. A voltage U1 corresponding to half the signal swing between "1" and "0" is inserted in the input to transistor T2. The output connection Q 1 makes circuit 1 act in a bi-stable manner. A "1" input to set or reset terminals S, R (Fig. 4) makes the output Q1 obtain a "1" of "0" value. The operating sequence of the circuit is shown in Fig. 5 each trigger pulse Z causes a change of state of either the circuit 1 or 2 so that every second pulse Z changes the output of the AND circuit 2 at Q2. The output pulse Q1 from circuit 1 are delayed by a time # by a delay circuit 3 so as to avoid the occurrance of a pulse at t1, t2 at the #Q2 output which would act on the OR input of circuit 1. This could prevent the circuit 1 from switching from "1" to "0", Fig. 5b, when a trigger pulse Z occurs at t1. The delay element may alternatively be connected in the Z input to circuit 1. In a modified T-trigger circuit (Fig. 6, not shown), which uses a delay line (31), a negated counting pulse Z is applied to a different input of the AND circuit 2. The trigger circuits may be used as frequency dividers or as stages of a binary counter. A plurality of the Fig. 6 circuits may be connected to form a counter (Fig. 8, not shown), the input stage (4) of which may be of the Fig. 4 type circuit.
Patent GB-1476570-A (GB)
Title: Pile driving ram
IPC: E02D7/12
Filed: 1975-09-05
Abstract: 1476570 Making cylinders; pile drivers VAN KOOTEN BV 5 Sept 1975 [9 Sept 1974] 36686/75 Headings B3A and B3H In a pile driving ram comprising a cylinder containing a piston and operated by the combustion of fuel, the cylinder being provided in a lower part with fuel inlet and exhaust parts and two surrounding rings supporting guide members 17, the lower part of the cylinder is made as a single tubular forging. The pile driver includes a driving head 11 located on a pile 1 and a guide frame (15), Fig. 1 (not shown), on a foot (5) provided with two guide stays (9) along which the ram 8 is guided by guide members 17. The cylinder is forged from a cast steel block (23), Fig. 3 (not shown), which is pierced by mandrels (24). The block is forged into the piece 25 in a series of operations with intermediate heat treatment and a final heat treatment to reduce the internal stresses produced. It is then machined to the dotted outline in Fig. 4. A piston 10 reciprocates in the cylinder and it impacts a member 12 located on the driving head 11. The piston 10 is actuated by internal combustion and fuel is supplied from a tank 18 or alternatively pumped from an external source. Inlet and exhaust ports 30 are formed in a ring 19 surrounding the cylinder, while the guide members 17 are mounted on further rings 16. The cylinder is preferably made from steel containing 0À4-0À8% Mn, 0À9-3À3% Cr, 0À15-0À5% Mo, 0À15-0À4% Si, balance Fe and impurities.
Patent GB-1488317-A (GB)
Title: Ventilator
IPC: A61M16/12
Filed: 1975-09-05
Abstract: 1488317 Ventilators D I CAMPBELL 5 Sept 1975 [4 Oct 1974] 36750/75 Heading A5T A ventilator comprises a pressure chamber 21 having an outlet 28, the outlet being adapted for communication with a patient's airway, a gas entrainment device 22 of the Venturi effect type, the entrainment device communicating with the interior of the chamber and comprising a passage 23 having an inlet 24 and an outlet 25, the outlet 25 communicating with the chamber, the inlet 24 communicating with atmosphere, a nozzle 26 in the passage for directing a jet of high pressure gas into the passage to induce gas flow from atmosphere into the chamber, and means for controlling an intermittent flow of high pressure gas to the nozzle, wherein the passage is sized to permit substantially unimpeded gas flow therethrough from the chamber to atmosphere during an expiratory phase of a patient. In the exhalation phase the high pressure gas flow is switched off electronically, pneumatically or fluidically and the patient exhales through chamber 21 and passage 23 to atmosphere. A bellows may be incorporated in the chamber dividing it into two parts, one including outlet 28, the other communicating with the passage. In this case the bellow's interior provides a reservoir the size of which is controlled by the pressure in the other part of the chamber which is in turn controlled by the jet of high pressure air. The outlet 28 may be connected to an external respiratory circuit to provide the patient with controlled or assisted breathing. A second nozzle next to the nozzle 26 may be used to provide a constant positive pressure in the chamber 21 upon which is superimposed the intermittent positive pressure due to nozzle 26, or a third nozzle fitted into the chamber wall opposed to outlet 25 of the passage may be used to create a negative pressure in the chamber during exhalation.
Patent GB-1091995-A (GB)
Title: A craft for use by survivors at sea
IPC: B63B7/08
Filed: 1966-08-17
Abstract: 1,091,995. Laminates. GENTEX CORPORATION. Aug. 17, 1966 [Oct. 20, 1965], No. 36796/66. Heading B5N. [Also in Division B7] The wall of the inflatable body of a craft for use by survivors at sea (see Division B7) comprises a base of gas impervious material (e.g. rayon, nylon or cotton canvas impregnated with rubber or buna N), a film of heat-reflective metal and an adhesive for directly or indirectly securing the film to the outer surface of said base for reducing variations in temperature of the gas within the body in response to changes in ambient temperature. The film of metal may be adhered directly to said outer surface or may be used with one or more films of polyethylene terephthalate.
Patent GB-814255-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in couplings for tubes
IPC: F16L19/10
Filed: 1955-12-22
Abstract: 814,255. Tube couplings. BAUER, M. F. Dec. 22, 1955, No. 36849/55. Class 99(1). A coupling for a metal tube 10 includes a connection body 11 provided with an annular chamber 48 having an outer cam wall 17 and an inner wedge wall 22, both walls being angularly disposed with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tube. The wall 17 has forward and rearward and portions 46, 47 of larger diameter than and longitudinally spaced from the forward and rearward end portions 49, 50 of the wall 22 and the radial distance between the wall portions 47, 50 is less than the thickness of the wall of the tube. There is means, e.g. a nut 12 screwed on to the body 11, for forcing a sleeve 13 against the wall 17 and camming the sleeve inwardly to engage the tube thereby forcing the end of the tube in between the wall portions 47, 50 and forcing the sleeve and the tube as a unit in between the wall portions 46, 49. Movement of the end of the tube and the sleeve is arrested by the wall portions 46, 49 so that the outside and inside surfaces of the sleeve respectively engage the cam surface 17 and the tube to form a first fluid seal, and movement of the end of the tube is arrested by the wall portions 47, 50 whereby the end of the tube engages the walls 17, 22 to form a second fluid seal. As shown, the body 11 has an internal, conical opening 45 forming the cam surface 17, and a counterbore 18 terminating in an inclined end wall 19 against which the end 21 of an insert 20 abuts at the bore of the body, the insert being provided with the conical wall surface 22 ending in a rounded nose 24. The meeting point 33 of the two surfaces lie on a diameter equal to that of the external diameter of the tube and the insert has aportion 23 formed with longitudinal, spaced ribs which, on assembly of the body and insert, cut grooves in the wall of the counterbore 18 to provide an interlocking engagement. The forward portion of the sleeve 13 is provided with an internal, annular rib 32 spaced inwardly from the end of the the sleeve and having a forward cutting edge 35 and an internal diameter equal to that of the bore 31 of the sleeve ; the inside surface of the sleeve is inclined at about 5 degrees. Circumferentially spaced slots 27 in the rear end of the sleeve form fingers 26, an an inclined shoulder 39 of the sleeve is engaged by a similar shoulder 38 of the nut. The end of the sleeve may have a forward cutting edge or shoulder in place of the rib 32. In screwing up the nut 12 the forward end of the sleeve is contracted inwardly by engagement with the cam surface 17 so that the rib 32 becomes embedded in the tube, and the latter is flared by the conical surface 22, the tube being supported against vibration by the fingers 26 of the sleeve. The inclinations of the surfaces 17, 22 with respect to the axis of the tube are respectively between 7 and 20 degrees and 15 and 45 degrees.
Patent GB-1516371-A (GB)
Title: Rigid foams and production thereof
IPC: C08G18/10
Filed: 1975-09-08
Abstract: 1516371 Carbodiimide foams BASF WYANDOTTE CORP 8 Sept 1975 [2 Oct 1974] 36912/75 Heading C3R Carbodiimide foams, optionally also conitaning isocyanurate groups and urethane groups, are prepared by condensing an 80:20 weight mixture of 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, to which has been added an acid modifying agent, in the presence of a carbodiimide catalyst and optionally a polyol, an isocyanurate catalyst and a urethane catalyst. The acid modified diisocyanate may be used in the form of a prepolymer. Preferred acid modifying agents are hydrogen chloride and benzoyl chloride and are used in amounts of 0À02% to 0À5% (as HCl) based on the weight of diisocyanate. When a polyol is used as such, or in the preparation of the prepolymer, it is preferably a triol prepared by propoxylating a phenol, formaldehyde, diethanolamine condensation product. In examples, the catalyst used is 2,4-bis-(diethylamino)-6-(N-methylethanolamino) - 5 - triazine as the carbodiimide catalyst, 1,3,5-tris(3- dimethylaminopropyl) - s - hexahydrotriazine as the isocyanurate-forming catalyst and dibutyltin dilaurate as the urethane catalyst. The foams have improved flame retardancy properties and reduced friability.
Patent GB-812778-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric circuit arrangements including cathode ray tubes
Inventor: ALLARD LAWRENCE SIDNEY
IPC: G06G7/26
Filed: 1956-12-04
Abstract: 812,778. Cathode-ray tubes. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Dec. 4, 1957 [Dec. 4, 1956], No. 37097/56. Class 39(1). In a cathode-ray tube for generating a voltage of a particular wave-form in which the beam is deflected along the shaped edge 12 of an electrode 8 behind which is a backing electrode 10, suppressor electrodes 7, 9 are provided in front of these electrodes. The suppressor electrodes have similarly shaped edges, but arranged slightly below the edge of electrode 8. The edges may have, e.g. the form of a sine wave. A feedback circuit 16 is connected between the electrodes 8, 10 and the Y deflection plates 3, 4 so that the beam follows the edge of electrode 8 as it is deflected in the X direction and the required output voltage is derived at terminals 19 and 20.
Patent GB-830204-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to expanding files for papers and the like
IPC: B42F21/06
Filed: 1957-11-29
Abstract: 830,204. Filing papers. HORSTER, M. Nov. 29, 1957, No. 37218/57. Classes 16 and 146(1) A file, particularly for suspension filing, with covers 1, 2, Fig. 1, expansible to positions 1<SP>1</SP>, 2<SP>1</SP>, Fig. 2 by means of flexible parts 5 has a projecting back in the form of a rearwardly divergent channel 6 providing a rear inscription surface 7 which is independent of the file content. Inscriptions may also be made on the channel walls 6 and the parts 5 or on detachable riders 11. The walls 6 are held a fixed distance apart at least at the top by one or more rivets 8 and preferably clamps 9.
Patent GB-783395-A (GB)
Title: Meteorological radar
IPC: G01S7/06
Filed: 1955-12-30
Abstract: 783,395. Pulse radar. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Dec. 30, 1955 [Dec. 31, 1954], No. 37417/55. Class 40 (7). In a meteorological pulse radar for determining the density of precipitation and cloud, the directional aerial is rotated in azimuth, the transmitted radio frequency is varied cyclically in six steps in the range 500-17,000 Mc/s. (i.e. wavelength 60 cms.-1.75 cms.), the duration of each step being equal to the aerial rotation period so that the frequency is constant during any one rotation, and the received echoes are stored and then combined to produce a P.P.I. display on a three-colour C.R.T. comprising a single intensity-control grid and three colourcontrol electrodes such that the colour of any image element indicates the precipitation density at the corresponding point in space. As described, storage C.R.T's are used but other forms, e.g. magnetic drums, may be employed. As shown, the directional aerial 39 comprises a parabolic reflector 41, a parasitic element 40 and six dipoles 33-38 connected to corresponding receivers 60-65 and to corresponding transmitter oscillators 21-26 operating at the required different radio frequencies which are controlled by the pulse modulator 46 sequentially by means of a switch 38 actuated by the aerial rotation motor 45 through suitable reduction gearing. The aerial elements 33-38 are so arranged that the lower frequency elements act as reflectors for the higher frequency elements. The video outputs from the receivers 60-65 are amplified in a common amplifier 66 and then applied sequentially through a switch 67 ganged with the switch 38 to modulate the writing beams of six storage tubes 69-74 which are scanned simultaneously in a P.P.I. type raster by deflection coils energized by the output from a resolver 88 whose rotor 89 is rotated synchronously with the aerial 39 and is energized by a sawtooth generator 92 synchronized by the trigger generator 47. The reading beams of the storage tubes are modulated by a 70 Mc/s. oscillator 94 and are scanned in a rectangular raster synchronously with the beam of the three-colour tube 121, the outputs from the targets of the storage tubes being combined and applied to the grid of the tube 121 and being also applied separately through respective rectifiers to tappings on a delta resistance network 129 having three outputs connected respectively to the blue, green and red colour control electrodes 130-132 to produce the required display.
Patent GB-1124652-A (GB)
Title: Coating compositions
Inventor: GRAHN STEN OLAW EVERT
IPC: B05D5/06
Filed: 1965-09-02
Abstract: A surface coating composition consists of an organic binder such as an emulsion and an artificially coloured granular stone material of particle size >0.1 mm. wherein the colouring agent, e.g. a dye is insoluble in the binder. The stone is preferably natural stone.  An irregular effect is achieved by using granules of different colours and/or grain sizes greater than 0.1 mm.  No specific binders or colorants are disclosed.
Patent GB-523163-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in devices for regulating the delivery of piston pumps
IPC: F02M63/02
Filed: 1938-12-23
Abstract: 523,163. Regulating fuel-injection &c. pumps. PRECISION MECANIQUE. Dec. 23, 1938, No. 37533. Convention date, Feb. 18. [Class 102 (i)] A device for automatically regulating the delivery of the piston 2 of a fuel injection or like pump comprises a piston valve mounted in a bore 6 forming part of the delivery circuit of the pump and having a sealing zone A which fills a part of the length of the bore 6, movement of the piston valve under the action of the liquid being opposed by a preferably adjustable spring 1 or the like, and the mass of the piston valve being sufficient to close the lower end 15 of the bore 6 when a predetermined speed of the pump is attained. The piston valve is recessed for the passage of liquid from the pump cylinder 1 to the chamber 7, and its mass may be increased by a head-piece 12. When the lower end 15 of the bore is closed by the piston valve, an auxiliary piston 16 is raised against the action of a spring 17 to provide extra accommodation for the liquid urged upwards by the piston 2. In a modification, the subsidiary circuit for the piston 16 is arranged between the cylinder 1 and the chamber 7. In the form shown in Fig. 7, the auxiliary piston is formed by a part B of the piston valve adapted to enter the lower end of the bore 6. The limiting speed may be varied as by means of a byepass passage 13 regulated by a needle valve 14.