Patent RU-2391678-C2 (RU)
Inventor: TIKHONOV EHDUARD PROKOF EVICH
IPC: G01R29/08
Filed: 2008-07-25
Granted: 2010-06-10
Abstract: FIELD: physics. 
     SUBSTANCE: object is exposed to the effect of a reference signal which is converted to an equivalent physical process (field) and masked, where the said object is detected through subsequent special processing of the fraction of energy reflected from the object (echo signal) and received remotely, from results of exposing the said object to the defined physical process (field), formed by a probing signal. The final initial number of initial cosine harmonic components, from which a reference electric signal is synthesised through summation and converted to a reference physical process (field), if formed through a self-adjusting reference process (field) from the set initial value of the number of terms of the series of frequencies (frequency spectrum dimensions), phase and amplitude. The physical process (field) of the surrounding medium is compensatively acted upon through emission into the surrounding medium of the synthesised electric signal which is converted to the reference physical process (field) and inverse conversion of the result of interaction of the reference physical process (field) with the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium into an electric composite signal is done in real time. Self-adjustment of initial values of parametres - amplitude and phase - is carried out for each cosine component of the reference signal from the obtained electric composite signal through quadrature demodulation for the set frequency spectrum dimensions, based on the negative feedback principle. As a result of self-adjustment of parametres of cosine components and frequency spectrum dimensions of the reference signal, measured phase and amplitude values of cosine components and the form of variation of the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium are obtained in real time, and so, energy of the surrounding medium in dynamic conditions, which compensatively suppresses energy of the physical processes (fields) of the surrounding medium. In order to identify the form of the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium, intentional or unintentional interruption of some source of energy and establishing its character and coordinates, measured phase and amplitude values of cosine components of the reference signal, as well as the frequency spectrum dimensions are used as features, which establish spatial variation of the form of the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium, which are compared to measurement results on subsequent measurement cycles preceding them. Either acoustic or electromagnetic or some other signals or composition thereof are used as the reference physical process (field) and the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium. In another version the device has a direct converter for converting an electric signal to the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium, an inverse converter for converting the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium to an electric signal, a unit for identifying patterns and situations in the external medium, a control unit, a reference signal generator unit with self-adjusting form and a unit for self-adjustment of the reference signal generator with self-adjusting form. 
     EFFECT: provision for a function for measuring parametres and characteristics of an input signal, active suppression of energy, and solving the task of measuring a varying physical process of surrounding medium. 
     10 cl, 5 dwg