Patent GB-1069093-A (GB)
Title: Improved circuit breaker control system
IPC: H02H3/08
Filed: 1963-10-25
Abstract: 1,069,093. Transistor switching circuits. ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURING CO. Oelt. 25, 1963 [Nov. 1, 1962], No. 42207/63. Heading H3T. [Also in Division H2] In an overload protective arrangement having a capacitor 182 to provide a time delay, the charging of the capacitor is prevented by a leakage resistor 126 until the current in the protected circuit reaches a predetermined value causing a trigger circuit to change its state to provide a voltage across the leakage resistor to render it ineffective so that the capacitor can be charged. The "power" supply for the protective arrangement and the tripping solenoid 25 of a circuit-breaker 14 may be derived from current transformers 30a ... 30c through auxiliary transformers 32, 34, 36 and rectifiers 44, 46, 48, and the overcurrent signal to which the arrangement responds is derived from the current transformers through auxiliary transformers 38, 40, 42 and half-wave rectifiers 68, 70, 72. This signal through a pulse generating circuit charges the timing capacitor 182 when permitted to do so by the triggering circuit. The pulse generating circuit comprises a capacitor 132 which is charged through a non-linear resistance network 134, 136, 138 to a voltage sufficient to fire a unijunction transistor 142 which then discharges the capacitor 132 through a transformer 144 and resistor 146 to create a pulse. This is repeated with a repetition rate related to the signal voltage, e.g. the rate may vary approximately as the square of the overcurrent signal. To permit the unijunction transistor 142 to fire when the signal is small a further unijunction transistor 152 produces small pulses at a constant repetition rate; which pulses are fed through the transformer 144 to periodically reduce the base-to-base voltage of transistor 142. The pulses from the transistor 142 are amplified by transistors 160, 168 and applied to the timing capacitor 182, which charges when the voltage across the resistor 126 is sufficient to block a diode 181. This voltage is determined by the state of the trigger circuit which has a normally conducting transistor 102 and a normally non-conducting transistor 104. When the overcurrent signal rises above the predetermined magnitude, transistor 102 is biased to non-conduction and transistor 104 conducts to produce the necessary voltage across the resistor 126 to permit the capacitor 182 to charge. When the capacitor 182 is sufficiently charged it fires a unijunction transistor 184 to produce a voltage pulse across a resistor 188 to drive the gate of a silicon controlled rectifier 196. This rectifier is turned on and the tripping solenoid 25 is energized to trip open the circuit-breaker 14. The arrangement resets on the de-energization of the current transformers 30a ... 30c when the circuit-breaker opens. A connection from a potentiometer 100 through Zener diode 206 and diode 208 to the unijunction transistor 184 permits instantaneous tripping under very heavy overcurrent conditions. In a modified arrangement, Fig. 2 (not shown); the pulse generating circuit is omitted and the timing capacitor is directly charged through the non- linear resistors. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 950,596.