baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-937863-A (GB)
Title: Parametric amplifier
Inventor: EVERETT PETER GRANVILLE
IPC: H01J25/49
Filed: 1959-02-17
Abstract: 937,863. Space charge wave tubes. MULLARD Ltd. Feb. 17, 1960 [Feb. 17, 1959], No. 5474/59. Class 39 (1). A parametric amplifier comprises a first helix B, Fig. 2, to velocity modulate the beam, a second helix C operating as a signal amplifying device and a third helix D which operates as an oscillator and is back-coupled to the first device B to generate the pumping action. A further helix A may be provided to extract noise from the beam by stripping it from the fast wave. Helix D may operate as a backward-wave oscillator or replaced by a klystron oscillator, and helix B may be replaced by a resonant cavity. Helices A, B operative under Kompfner dip conditions. The coupling line L may be a waveguide or a coaxial line and may be outside or inside the tube. Two or more of helices A, B, C, D may be a single helix divided by electromagnetic wave barriers e.g. a tungsten wire choke formed as part of the helix, or a few turns of the helix are coated with lossy material containing carbon. Matched terminating resistances RA, RB, RC, RD may be replaced by coating the ends of the helix with carbon. Helix A may be replaced by a cylindrical resistive wall.
Patent GB-511300-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to brakes for vehicles
IPC: F16D65/22
Filed: 1938-02-22
Abstract: 511,300. Fluid-pressure operated brakes. AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS CO., Ltd., and GATES, G. R. G. Feb, 22, 1938, No. 5636. [Class 103 (i)] A brake-shoe expanding device of the kind comprising a wedge or equivalent that is moved in a direction at right angles to the movement of the shoe ends, is operated by a hydraulic piston connected to the wedge or equivalent by a tension rod which extends through a sleeve carried by the piston and sliding through the cylinder end wall. The rod may be slidable with respect to the cylinder for independentoperation of the brake by mechanical connections. The expanding device shown is described in Specification 495,834 and comprises a pair of sector-shaped parts 10 carried by a plunger 14 and adapted to roll on the inclined ends 11 of tappets 12 slidable in a housing 13 and engaging the shoe ends 19, 20. The hydraulic cylinder 16 bolted at 18 to the back plate 17 has a piston 25 movement of which is limited by the shoulder 27 and a sleeve 33. The piston normally engages an abutment 32 on a rod 15 connected to the plunger 14 and passing through a sleeve 28 formed with the piston. The rod 15 has also a lost-motion coupling 41 to the rod 44 of a mechanical rigging; Packing cups 42, 43 and a return spring 36 for the piston are provided. Specification 499,598 also is referred to.
Patent GB-1293276-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polymeric materials and their use in photography
Inventor: FIELD NATHAN DAVID
IPC: G03C1/053
Filed: 1970-02-05
Abstract: 1293276 Pyrrolidonyl unsaturated aldehyde polymers; hardening gelatine GAF CORP 5 Feb 1970 [13 Feb 1969 (3)] 5653/70 Headings C3H and C3P [Also in Division G2] A polymer (D) containing pyrrolidonyl groups is derived from a polymer (A), the polymer (A) consisting of homopolymer (B) derived from an alpha, beta-monoethylenically unsaturated monoaldehyde monomer or a copolymer (C) derived from the monomer and another ethylenically unsaturated monomer, which polymer (A) has been aftertreated with pyrrolidone to yield polymer (D). Bisulphite addition compounds may be prepared by treating polymer (D) with a bisulphite and these may be incorporated into gelatine layers as hardening agents. In the examples polyacrolein is prepared by polymerizing acrolein in the presence of water, potassium persulphate and silver nitrate or by spontaneous polymerization and treated with pyrrolidone and N- methyl pyrrolidone. These polymers are treated with sulphur dioxide and sodium hydroxide or sodium bisulphite and the addition compounds prepared used to harden gelatine.
Patent GB-793217-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene
IPC: C08F14/26
Filed: 1956-02-23
Abstract: Tetrafluorethylene is polymerized in the vapour phase at a temperature of -20 DEG  to 150 DEG  C. under water-free conditions in the presence, as a catalyst, of an inorganic adsorbent obtained by heating an adsorbent containing chemically bound water having a bond strength of 20 to 50 K-Cal. in an inert moisture-free atmosphere to release the chemically bound water therefrom. Suitable inorganic adsorbents are hydrated silica, Attapulgas clay, aluminium borate, magnesia, or a combination of alumina with phosphoric or boric acid. The tetrafluorethylene may be polymerized alone or in the presence of other monomers such as vinyl chloride, chlortrifluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluorocyclobutene and ethylene.  The inorganic material serves as a catalyst and also as a filler for the polymer; other fillers, e.g. asbestos and glass fibres, may be present during polymerization.  Specifications 572,265, 583,418, 584,851, 599,580, [all in Group IV], and 625,348, are referred to.
Patent GB-966011-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for the protection of a direct-current system with both poles insulated
IPC: H02H3/16
Filed: 1963-02-12
Abstract: 966,011. Protective arrangements. CHARBONNAGES DE FRANCE. Feb. 12, 1963 [Feb. 15, 1962], No. 5731/63. Heading H2K. An earth-leakage protective or indicating arrangement for a D.C. network having both poles A, B insulated from earth, comprises a changeover switch 1 which alternately connects each of the poles to earth through a detecting circuit which includes means for nullifying the effect of normal capacitative currents. In the arrangement shown the detecting circuit comprises a resistor R 4  across which is connected a rectifier 6 loaded by a resistor R 5  and a transformer 7 having a secondary winding 7s connected to a rectifier 7 loaded by a resistor R 6 . A contact milliammeter 9 is connected across the rectifiers. The output from the rectifier 6 is derived from both the leakage current and the capacitative currents which occur momentarily on each operation of the switch 1, but the output from the rectifier 8 which opposes that of rectifier 6 is only obtained from the capacitative currents, so that the milliammeter 9 only responds to the leakage currents. The switch 1 may be a electromagnetic relay operated three or four times a second by a transistor multivibrator, a Zener diode 4 limiting the applied voltage. Reference is also made to the use of a change-over device formed by two photo-resistors with alternating illumination.
Patent GB-546044-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to claw feed mechanism for cinematograph and like perforated strips
IPC: G03B1/22
Filed: 1941-05-03
Abstract: 546,044. Feeding perforated films &c. WESTMINSTER PHOTOGRAPHIC EXCHANGE, Ltd., and HARVEY, R. W. May 3, 1941, No. 5775. [Class 97 (i)] [Also in Group XVIII] Claws, respectively feeding a perforated kinematograph or like strip in opposite directions are moved by a common handle or lever operatively connected to either at will. As shown, a film 1 in a gate 2, 6 is alternatively fed by claws 4, 5. Each claw is pivoted at 14, 65 to an arm 15, 64, and carries a counterweight 17 connected to an anchored spring 20. The arms may be rocked between adjustable stops 21, 21a and spring fingers 18, carried by the claws, may engage under adjustable stops 19 to hold the claws normally free from the film. Separate linkworks connect two axially-slidable spindles 33 to pivots respectively above and below the fixed pivots about which the arms 15, 64 rock. An operating handle 38, secured to an axiallyslidable spindle 39, extends between the spindles 33, and may be pressed downwards against the action of a spring 42 to operate one or other of the claws, operative connection being effected by rocking the spindle 39 so that the handle 38 engages between stops 36, 37 on the appropriate spindle 33 ; stops 43, 50, and a peg 45 carried by a spring 46, ensure engagements with only one pair of stops 36, 37. The upper gate member 6 is hinged, and is held in place by springs 7 extending from a plate 8 itself held by springs 9. Modifications are described in which the lower gate member is spring loaded, and the fingers 18 are reversely directed, and in which an operating lever carries spring-pressed pawls respectively engaging oppositely-cut coaxial ratchetwheels respectively geared to one of the claws.
Patent GB-750599-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of catalysts
Inventor: PEERS CHARLES HARGRAVE
IPC: B01J23/75
Filed: 1951-03-09
Abstract: Cobalt metal is treated with a hot aqueous solution of a permanganate preferably calcium permanganate, to give a coating of oxide.  The product may be used as a catalyst in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.ALSO:A surface of cobalt metal is treated with a hot aqueous solution of a permanganate e.g. calcium permanganate to give a coating of oxide.  Copper coated with cobalt may be so treated.
Patent GB-1104731-A (GB)
Title: Conessine derivatives
IPC: C07J71/00
Filed: 1966-02-09
Abstract: The invention comprises mono- and bisquaternary ammonium salts, and acid addition salts of mono-quaternary salts, of compounds of formula <FORM:1104731/C2/1> having a double bond in the 5,6-position or in the 4,5- and 6,7-positions, wherein R1, R2 and R5 are C1- 4 alkyl groups and each of R3 and R4 is a hydrogen atom, an a - or b -hydroxy group or an oxo group, with the exception of bismetho-salts of conessine, and their preparation by mono- or bis-quaternization.  The compounds of the invention have muscle-relaxing activity and may be used in pharmaceutical compositions in combination with a carrier, for example in forms suitable for parenteral administration.
Patent GB-977562-A (GB)
Title: Two stage hydrocarbon pretreatment-hydrocracking process
IPC: C10G65/12
Filed: 1963-02-13
Abstract: In the hydrocracking of hydrocarbon feedstocks in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst on a cracking catalyst base in which the feed is pretreated by catalytic hydrofining to reduce the nitrogen content fresh hydrogen is introduced only into the hydrocracking stage and excess gas from that stage is recycled in part to each stage while excess hydrogen from the hydrofining stage is partly bled off and partly recycled to the hydrofining and none of the recycled gases is subjected to purification. Feed boiling in the range 204-566 DEG  C. is hydrofined to a nitrogen content below 25 p.p.m. at 288-399 DEG C., 14-140 kg/cm.2 g. and 0.5-10 vol/vol/hr. in the presence of 17.8-356 S.C.M. of hydrogen per 100 litres of feed and oxides and/or sulphides of Group VIa or iron-group metals on an inactive support. The effluent may be fractionated with the hydrocracked product in which product gasoline is recovered and the bottoms are hydrocracked at 232-427 DEG  C., 35-140 kg/cm.2 g. and 0.1-10 vol/vol/hr. in the presence of 35.6-356 SCM/100 litres of hydrogen and a Group VIa or VIII metal or oxide or sulphide thereof on a cracking support.
Patent GB-306513-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cathodes for electron discharge devices
IPC: H01J1/15
Filed: 1929-02-22
Abstract: 306,513. Loewe, S. Feb. 22, 1928, [Convention date]. Vacuum tubes.-Noises due to the sagging of incandescent filaments are avoided by supporting the filaments at the central point so as to prevent sagging. In the form shown in Fig. 2a, the filaments G1, G2 are caused to cross at the point K by arranging the leads H+, H- to point in opposite directions, connecting them by parallel filaments, and rotating one of the leads through 180. By arranging the leads to point in the same direction and rotating one through 360, the result shown in Fig. 2d is obtained. Where more than two, e.g. three, filaments, are employed, they may be arranged in parallel, strained between the corners of equilateral triangular frames H-, H+ and connected by rotating the frames so as to twist the filaments together. Specification 293,323 is referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states also that the central points of the filaments G1, G2 may be connected by a support, Fig. 3 (Cancelled), or by a spot of metal. Where the central points of the filaments are not at the same potential, a separator in the form of an insulating tube I, Fig. 5 (Cancelled), is laid between the filaments. When three filaments are employed they may be connected by a triangular clasp L, Fig. 7 (Cancelled). This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-980414-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the etching of printing surfaces
Inventor: CROSFIELD JOHN FOTHERGILL
IPC: B41C1/00
Filed: 1962-02-15
Abstract: 980,414. Etching. CROSFIELD ELECTRONICS Ltd. Feb. 12, 1963 [Feb. 15, 1962], No. 5864/62. Heading B6J. A copper cylinder 1 to be etched to form a printing-surface thereon is covered with a gelatinous tissue which has been exposed through an original, developed and washed so as to constitute an etching resist varying in resistive strength according to the tone (i.e. depth of etching) required. The covered cylinder is rotated in a bath 3 of ferric chloride solution circulated from a sump 29 by a pump 30 and return pipe 31, distilled water for progressive dilution of the etchant, to increase the penetrating power thereof and enable it to etch areas protected by progressively harder resist, being supplied through a valve 18 operated by a switch 20 through a delay device 19. A circumferential strip of the cylinder including a control patch comprising a series of spaced bars 2 is scanned by a photo-cell 7, the output of which is passed through a frequency filter which passes only the signal resulting from scanning of the control patch to relays 9, 10. When etching has proceeded to the required depth, the patch 2 becomes sufficiently visible to cause the relays to be actuated. The relay 9 closes the valve 18, and the relay 10 after a delay opens a drain 12 to empty the sump and bath, and opens a valve 15 to rinse the cylinder with water from a spray pipe 13. In another form, the control patch is a solid dark circular area, and a white patch or a magnetic patch axially aligned with the control patch is sensed by a second device controlling a gating circuit to allow the signal from the photo-cell to pass to the relays only while the control patch is being scanned. An arrangement of lamps associated with diodes indicates the progress of the etching.
Patent GB-710734-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of new disazo-dyestuffs
IPC: C09B31/14
Filed: 1952-03-07
Abstract: o-Aminophenolcarboxylic acid phenylamides are prepared by condensing an o-nitrophenolcarboxylic acid or preferably a halide thereof (which may contain further nuclear substituents, e.g. a halogen atom such as chlorine or bromine, a methyl group or a second nitro group) with a secondary or especially a primary amine of the benzene series, and then reducing the nitro group. Suitable amines are alkylphenylamines such as N-methylaniline, and primary amines of the benzene series such as aniline, o-chloraniline, o-anisidine, p-ethylaniline, p-phenetidine or sulphonated anilines.  In the last case the sulphonic acid group may alternatively be introduced after the condensation with the o-nitrophenolcarboxylic acid or halide and before the reduction of the nitro group, e.g. 2-nitrophenol-4-carboxylic acid phenylamide is sulphonated with fuming sulphuric acid and the product is reduced with iron and acetic acid.  Specifications 455,274, 586,840, 606,872 and 619,969 are referred to.ALSO:The invention comprises: disazo dyestuffs of the general formula:- <FORM:0710734/IV(c)/1> (wherein R1 represents an o-hydroxyphenyl residue containing a carboxylic acid phenylamide group and R2 represents the residue of an 8-hydroxyquinoline); the manufacture thereof by coupling a diazo compound of an aminomonoazo dyestuff of the general formula <FORM:0710734/IV(c)/2> with an 8-hydroxyquinoline; the treatment thereof with agents yielding metal; and the use thereof in dyeing and printing processes.  Materials which may be dyed or printed with the products include aminal fibres (e.g. wool, silk and leather) and especially cellulose materials (e.g. cotton, linen and regenerated cellulose).  The conversion into complex metal (e.g. copper, chromium, iron, nickel or cobalt) compounds may be effected in substance, in the dyebath or on the fibre.  The initial aminomonoazo dyestuffs are obtainable by coupling a diazotized o-aminophenol carboxylic acid phenylamide (which may contain further substituents in either nucleus, e.g. a halogen atom or a methyl or nitro group in the o-aminophenol residue, chlorine or a methoxy, ethoxy, ethyl or sulphonic acid group in the phenylamide residue) with 2-(4\sv-aminobenzoyl)-amino-5-naphthol-7-sulphonic acid.  In examples, the following amines R1NH2 are employed in conjunction with 8-hydroxyquinoline itself as end component: (1) 2-aminophenol-4-carboxylic acid phenylamide or o-chlorophenylamide; (2) the product obtained by sulphonating 2-nitrophenol-4-carboxylic acid phenylamide and reducing the nitro group; (3) 2-aminophenol-4-carboxylic acid N-methylphenylamide. In example (4), cotton is dyed red with the first dyestuff of (1) from a bath containing sodium carbonate and, in the later stages, sodium sulphate, with after-treatment in the same bath with complex sodium copper tartrate.  Specifications 455,274, 586,840, 606,872 and 619,969 are referred to.
Patent GB-491447-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to knife sharpeners
IPC: B24B3/54
Filed: 1937-03-01
Abstract: 491,447. Sharpening knives. DAMMS, E. H., and KING, C. March 1, 1937, No. 6018. [Class 60] A knife sharpener comprises a steel E, either ribbed or plain, connected by a grub screw, F, or by threading, to the shaft C of an electric or other, for example, spring or internal - combustion, motor B contained in a casing A serving as a handle. A switch G may be provided on the casing and a guard O is mounted on a part N of the casing ; the free end of the steel may be drilled to receive rotatably a supporting member, which may be pressed against a surface during sharpening.
Patent GB-739461-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for fiberizing refractory materials
IPC: C03B37/06
Filed: 1954-03-02
Abstract: 739,461. Glass manufacture. CARBORUNDUM CO. March 2, 1954 [March 3, 1953; March 3, 1953], No. 6058/54. Class 56. Molten refractory material to be fiberized flows through a discharge opening, or openings, in the bottom of the furnace, and the rate of withdrawal is determined by the heating effect of an electrode, or electrodes, in the vicinity of the discharge opening, and by cooling means in the nozzle, this being effected by regulating the thickness of a protective layer of the refractory material on the walls of the nozzle by adjustment of the heating and cooling means. In Fig. 1, the refractory material is heated in the main part of the furnace by electrodes 21, and in the forehearth by electrodes 28, 37 in the 'vicinity of the nozzle 24, the electrode 28 being somewhat nearer to the nozzle than the electrode 37. The nozzle block has passages 33 for the cooling fluid, e.g. water, which is supplied by pipes 25. The cooling of the nozzle builds up a layer 38 of solidified refractory material, the thickness of which determines the discharge area of the nozzle. The nozzle block is set in a recess in a block 27, e.g. a fused cast aluminium oxide refractory brick, which may have a duct for the circulation of a cooling fluid, and the hole in the nozzle block diverges downwardly so that, when the furnace is tilted, the stream of molten material still clears the walls of the nozzle opening. Any known fiberizing means 32 are used. Instead of heating the molten material in the forehearth by resistance heating, arc heating may be employed. In this case the electrode, or electrodes, are positioned above, at, or just beneath the surface of the molten mass, it being found that if the electrode is not more than one inch below the surface, an arc is formed presumably because the molten mass is repelled from the electrode tip. The electrode is positioned above the nozzle so that the " hot spot " includes the zone of deposition of the refractory material on the nozzle. A molten bath of 50 per cent alumina and 50 per cent silica is mentioned. Specification 671,149 is referred to.
Patent GB-1113716-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisation of vinyl chloride
IPC: C08F14/06
Filed: 1967-02-08
Abstract: Vinyl chloride polymers are made by polymerizing vinyl chloride alone or with another monomer in the presence of a catalyst system consisting of trialkyl boron complexed with hydrazine, a peroxide, and molecular oxygen. The polymerization temperature is preferably below 0 DEG  C.  The other monomer may be vinyl acetate, laurate, or stearate, methyl or lauryl acrylate or methacrylate, acrylonitrile, monochlorotrifluoroethylene, 1,1 - dichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethylene, or trichloroethylene. The preferred peroxide is monochloracetyl peroxide dissolved in methyl phthalate.  The polymerization is substantially bulk, only small amounts of methanol in relation to the monomers being present.
Patent GB-608699-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to brushes and the manufacture thereof
IPC: A46B7/00
Filed: 1946-02-27
Abstract: 608,699. Stocks; handles fixing. HOLLIS, W. P. B. Feb. 27, 1946, No. 6150. [Classes 19 and 61 (i)] A bristle carrier 1 formed by two (or more) stout wires twisted together to lock the bristles of a brush between them is bent or curved nearly to a closed loop and the two short free ends 3, 4 of the carrier which are bent back to be approximately parallel with one another are then inserted in one end of a long tube 5 to engage opposite portions of the inner wall of the tube. This end portion of the tube is then placed in a press, e.g. a fly-press, so that the plane containing the said ends is horizontal and the vertically descending die thus contracts diametrically opposite longitudinal portions of the tube into two parallel contiguous or nearly contiguous flats 6, 6a while the diametrically opposite longitudinal portions 7, 7a which are at right angles to the first mentioned portions close in round the end portions of the carrier so that the metal of the tube is caused to flow into or partly into the helical grooves formed by the twisted wires and thus interlocks the carrier and the tube against relative movement axially of the tube. The other end of the tube may be plugged or capped with a member of rubber, metal, wood, plastic or other material. The tube which may be of aluminium or aluminium alloy is preferably of circular or oval cross-section and may be of any desired length to form a handle, e.g. for lavatory brushes, flesh, e.g. back-scrubbing brushes, spoke brushes and cornice brushes. The ends 3, 4 may be provided with a flexible or yielding covering e.g. a wrapping of adhesive tape which may form a seal against the entrance of liquid. More than one bristle carrier may be fixed in the tube.
Patent GB-909978-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to domestic solid fuel grates and fireplaces
IPC: F24B1/19
Filed: 1960-02-23
Abstract: 909,978. Open fireplaces. GROVE, T. C. Feb. 23, 1961 [Feb. 23, 1960], No. 6260/60. Class 126. A domestic solid fuel fireplace comprises a grate 10 mounted in a frame 7 above a deep well 6 whose base is substantially at the level of a hearth 1, the grate and well being located behind the lower part of a surround 2 which extends around all sides of the fire opening. A removable ash pan 12 is situated in the well 6 and fits within the lipped bottom 7a of the grate frame 7. An air vent 4 controlled by a damper 5 connects the well 6 to the atmosphere at hearth level and air from the vent passes to the grate 10 via ports 12a in the upper part of the ash pan. Ribs 20 are formed on the fireback 19 to reflect heat from the grate through the fire opening and downwardly towards the hearth. In a modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), the well 6 is deepened to receive combustion air from an underfloor air supply duct. Specifications 727,268 and 870,929 are referred to.