baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent AT-392969-B (AT)
Title: Beta-lactam compounds, process for their preparation, pharmaceutical products containing these for treating infectious diseases caused by bacteria
IPC: A61K31/545
Filed: 1987-10-08
Granted: 1991-07-25
Abstract: Beta-lactam compounds of the formula (I): in which R1 and R2 are, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; M is a hydrogen atom, a protective group or a removable group which can easily be hydrolysed in the human body; R' and R" are, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a protective group; A is a group of the formula (a): in which R3 and R4 are, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, with the proviso that when R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms, R3 and R4 are not hydrogen atoms, or is a mercapto group of the formula (b), (c), (d) or (e), or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, process for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical products containing them for treating diseases caused by microorganisms. <IMAGE>
Patent AT-393847-B (AT)
Title: Process for producing cellulose by the batch cooking process
Inventor: OESTMAN PER HAKAN
IPC: D21C3/22
Filed: 1984-11-28
Granted: 1991-12-27
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing cellulose by the batch cooking process, in which the digester is filled with wood chips and cooking liquor and the batch is cooked at elevated temperature and elevated pressure, in order to obtain a delignified chemical pulp in the digester. For the impregnation stage, a cooking liquor is used which contains a significantly greater quantity of active chemicals than is necessary for the cooking of the batch and, before the actual delignification stage, the quantity of active chemicals required for the cooking is set and the excess quantity of active chemicals is removed by being replaced by part of the hot, used cooking liquor recovered from a previous cook.
Patent DK-163453-B (DK)
Inventor: ANDERSEN JAN RUD
IPC: G01N21/27
Filed: 1989-06-12
Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the photometric determination of properties of meat pieces, particularly the concentration of substances comprised therein, such as the pigment and protein content of meat, which are based on measuring the intensity of light, reflected from a meat surface whithin a predetermined wavelength range, and determining a quantitative value of the respective meat property therefrom. According to the invention, the measurements are made at a plurality of different wavelenghts, e.g. 32, covering a continuous wavelength range or spectrum. The obtained values are inserted as variables into a multi-variable equation or algorithm, the concentration values are calculated therewith. The method and apparatus of the invention may be applied to pieces of meat which are conveyed on a slaughter line. The property determination is quick and so accurate that the pieces of meat may be graded immediately in accordance with the determined property.
Patent FI-61992-B (FI)
Inventor: KAAKINEN KARI ALLAN
IPC: A61B3/14
Filed: 1981-05-19
Granted: 1982-07-30
Abstract: A procedure and means for establishing and recording errors of the eye, the eye being illuminated with the aid of a flash-light (3) placed eccentrically with reference to the objective (2) of the camera (1). The cornea and retina are photographed simultaneously in at least two different meridians (5, 6) of the eye in order to elicit and record the retinal reflections and corneal reflections occurring in these. The apparatus comprises members for the simultaneous photographing of the eye in two different meridians of the eye, for instance a camera provided with an objective (2) and with two point lights (3, 4) disposed in different meridians of the objective, or with one flash-light (3) and two objectives (2, 2') placed in different meridians of the latter.
Patent FI-68957-B (FI)
Inventor: SANDER BO TAGE
IPC: A44C11/02
Filed: 1981-11-10
Granted: 1985-08-30
Abstract: A locking ring for necklaces and the like comprises a locking ring (1) and a second smaller ring (2) intended for fastening a necklace or the like, which rings prior to the attachment on a necklace include a slit (7) between the openings of the two rings, so that a necklace or the like is threaded through the slit on the smaller ring through the detachable opening of the circlip (1). After the necklace or the like has been threaded on, the two parts are pressed together, and in the slit centering and snap-in means are located, so that the two rings do not spring apart after the mounting.
Patent FI-72327-B (FI)
Inventor: REEB ROLAND
IPC: C08F279/02
Filed: 1983-03-23
Granted: 1987-01-30
Abstract: Latex of an interpolymer composed of (1) a copolymer A of butadiene, styrene and at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and (2) a polymer B of at least one halogenoalkyl or halogenoacetoxyalkyl ester of an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid, polymer B being at least partially grafted onto the copolymer A. The latex is prepared by the emulsion polymerization of butadiene, styrene and at least one copolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid to form a copolymer latex, followed by the polymerization in the presence of the copolymer latex of a halogenoalkyl or halogenoacetoxyalkyl ester of an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid. The latex may be used as a binder in aqueous compositions for coating paper.
Patent FI-75709-B (FI)
Inventor: CARR MICHAEL DOUGLAS
IPC: H04N7/01
Filed: 1983-11-21
Granted: 1988-03-31
Abstract: A television picture transmission system using conditional replenishment employs a scanning rate at the transmitter which differs (for asynchronous operation, slightly; or for operation between systems using different standards, considerably) from the scanning standard at the the receiver. The frame rate conversion is effected by the updating loops at the transmitter or receiver by, respectively, periodically stopping the coding loop for a field or frame so that no data is produced to produce a lower frame rate or periodically repeating a field or frame in the loop without adding any updating data so as to produce a higher frame rate. Resulting variations in data rate are accommodated by utilising the buffering inherent in conditional replenishment systems. The jerkiness of motion in the received picture resulting from stopping the loop or repeating a field or frame can be reduced by the use of temporal interpolation in the generation of the updating data to anticipate the stopping or repeating of a field or frame, whilst conversion of the number of lines per frame can be effected by spatial interpolation using a transversal filter.
Patent FI-80590-B (FI)
Inventor: ZIERENBERG BERND
IPC: A61K31/415
Filed: 1984-04-16
Granted: 1990-03-30
Abstract: A novel divisible delayed release pharmaceutical tablet, wherein the rate of release of active ingredient is independent of the size and nature of the total surface area, and the fragments of which have the same characteristics of release of active ingredient as the undivided tablet.
Patent FI-85849-B (FI)
Inventor: ALVILA LEILA
IPC: C07C27/22
Filed: 1988-03-22
Granted: 1992-02-28
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FI89/00055 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 25, 1989 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 25, 1989 PCT Filed Mar. 22, 1989 PCT Pub. No. WO89/09201 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 5, 1989.The present invention concerns a procedure for preparing alcohols and aldehydes from alkenes and synthesis gas by a heterogeneous reaction in which the catalyst system is composed of Ru3(CO)12 and a heterocyclic base in suspension or absorbed in a fixed carrier.
Patent FI-94536-B (FI)
Inventor: PALICKA JADWIGA
IPC: C11D3/12
Filed: 1988-10-24
Granted: 1995-06-15
Abstract: Detergent compositions containing a combination of certain amphoteric compounds and zeolites. The amphoteric compounds function as co-builders and the combination gives a very good sequestering ability and thus a low ash content which means good detergency.
Patent FI-96414-B (FI)
Inventor: CLAIR REN
IPC: C01G49/10
Filed: 1989-04-28
Granted: 1996-03-15
Abstract: Process for the preparation of ferric chloride consisting in chlorinating dilute ferrous chloride in the presence of ferric chloride and then decompressing the product obtained to evaporate off water and finally in recycling a part of the ferric chloride. This process yields ferric chloride which can be employed directly as a flocculating agent for water treatment.
Patent FI-98467-B (FI)
Inventor: DE VILLIERS ETHEL-MICHELE
IPC: C12Q1/68
Filed: 1989-08-03
Granted: 1997-03-14
Abstract: The invention describes the isolation for the first time of human papilloma virus (HPV) 57, the partial characterization of its genome and its cloning in pUC 19. This opens up a way of diagnosing those tumors (oral, genital and cutaneous tumors) which are associated with HPV 57.
Patent FI-99218-B (FI)
Inventor: HIETALA ARTO
IPC: H01P7/04
Filed: 1995-12-08
Granted: 1997-07-15
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FI96/00645 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 1, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 1, 1997 PCT Filed Dec. 3, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/22157 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 19, 1997A tunable cavity resonator for a frequency filter has a shell in a wall of which is mounted an adjustable-length conductor which has an outer pipe fixed at an outer end to the wall, and an adjusting element made of a flexible material. An adjuster is provided for adjusting the length of the conductor. The adjusting element is partially everted axially of the outer pipe, and has opposite ends connected to the pipe and the adjuster. Axial movement of the adjuster causes half as much change in the effective axial length of the conductor.
Patent HU-180138-B (HU)
Inventor: ISTVANFFY STEPHEN M
IPC: B23K20/08
Filed: 1980-05-14
Abstract: Vorgeschlagen wird ein Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier Rohrabschnitte aus Metall mit groszem Durchmesser, wie sie zum Bau von groszen Oel- und Gaspipelines verwendet werden, durch Explosionsschweiszen. Bei diesem Verfahren wird eine innere und eine aeuszere bandfoermige Ladung eines Schweiszsprengstoffs gleichzeitig in der Nachbarschaft der sich ueberlappenden und teleskopierenden Rohrenden zur Detonation gebracht. Die Schweiszladungen werden gleichzeitig mit Hilfe von Initiierungssprengstoffladungen mit sehr hoher Detonationsgeschwindigkeit, die am seitlichen Rand einer jeden Sprengstoffschweiszladung befestigt sind, detonieren gelassen. Die Initiierungssprengstoffladungen werden mit einem einzigen Detonator gezuendet. Die Detonationsgeschwindigkeit des Initiierungssprengstoffs wird so gewaehlt, dasz die Schweiszladungen gleichzeitig rund um die Rohre zur Detonation gebracht werden, wobei die Detonationsfronten uebereinander und in einem groszen Winkel zur Rohrachse gehalten werden. Hierdurch werden unausgewogene Kraefte auf den Rohren vermieden und die Staerke des Zusammenpralls der um den Umfang herumlaufenden Schockwellen verringert, wodurch Schaedigungen des Rohrs und schlechte Schweiszungen vermieden werden.
Patent HU-186510-B (HU)
Title: Process for producing mitomycin-analogues
Inventor: REMERS WILLIAM A
IPC: A61K31/40
Filed: 1982-05-14
Abstract: Compounds of the formula, II   <IMAGE> wherein: Y is hydrogen or lower alkyl; and X is a lower alkoxy substituted quinolinylamino radical, a cyano substituted pyrazolylamino radical or a mono-or di-lower alkyl substituted thiazolamino radical, or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic radical selected from the group consisting of 1-pyrrolinyl, 1-indolinyl, N-thiazoladinyl and N-thiomorpholinyl radicals, or a cyano, phenyl, carboxamido or lower alkoxycarbonyl substituted 1-aziridinyl radical, or a lower alkyl, formyl or acetylphenyl substituted 1-piperazinyl radical, or    an hydroxy piperidyl substituted 1-piperidyl radical, or    a lower alkoxy, amino or halo substituted pyridylamino radical, or a carboxamido, mercapto or methylenedioxy substituted anilino radical, or    a radical of the formula,   <IMAGE>   wherein R is hydrogen or lower alkyl and R' is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic radical selected from the group consisting of quinuclidinyl, pyrazolyl, 1-triazolyl, isoquinolinyl, indazolyl, benzoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl and benzothiadiazolyl, and lower alkyl and halo substituted derivatives thereof, or    a butyrolactonyl radical, or    an adamantyl radical, or a substituted lower alkyl radical selected from the group consisting of mercapto lower alkyl, mono-, di- and tri-lower alkoxy lower alkyl, lower alkyl thio lower alkyl and lower alkoxycarbonyl substituted derivatives thereof, cyano lower alkyl, mono-, di- and tri-lower alkoxy phenyl lower alkyl, phenyl cyclo lower alkyl, 1-pyrrolidinyl lower alkyl, N-lower alkyl pyrrolidinyl lower alkyl, and N-morpholinyl lower alkyl. These compounds are used for treatment of neoplastic disease states in animals.
Patent HU-183154-B (HU)
Inventor: PETZOLD KARL
IPC: C12R1/645
Filed: 1980-06-19
Abstract: A találmány tárgya eljárás I általános képletű 11/3-hidroxi-szteroidok előállítására, ahol a képletben üsí jelentése egyes kötés vagy keltős kötés, X   jelentése hidrogénatom vagy metilcsoport, és V   jelentése metiléncsoport vagy etiléncsoport. A találmány szerinti eljárás során egy II általános képletű 11-dezoxi-szteroidot, ahol a képletben X és V jelentése a fenti, Rí jelentése egy hidrogénatom vagy egy 1-4 szénatomos alkilcsoport, és R2 jelentése 1-4 szénatomos alkilcsoport. Curvularia lunata fajhoz tartozó mikroorganizmussal fermentálunk.  -1-
Patent HU-212361-B (HU)
Inventor: MERIEN PATRICK
IPC: A01H5/10
Filed: 1991-05-09
Abstract: A találmány tárgya beltenyésztett kukoricavonal,
amelyre az jellemző, hogy a nővirág későbbi megjelenésű,
mint az MBS 847 és F2 jelű vonal, pelyvaleveleinek
ízesülése halvány antociános elszíneződéssel rendelkezik,
a növény magassága közepes, csutkája anto
ciános elszíneződést mutat.
Patent HU-194130-B (HU)
Title: Process for preliminary treating of mods for improving flocculation and/or dehydration
Inventor: SCHMEIZER MICHEL
IPC: C02F11/12
Filed: 1984-05-29
Abstract: 1. Process for the pre-treatment of sludges for improving their flocculation and/or dewatering behaviour in a subsequent dewatering apparatus, in which optionally polyelectrolytes are added as flocculating adjuvants, characterised in that the sludges are concentrated to a percentage of solids of at least 5% by weight, that prior to mechanical dewatering liquid combustible organic additives such as oils, particularly waste oil, are added to the sludge to be dewatered in an amount of from 0.5 to 50% by weight in relation to the percentage of solids of the sludge, and that in addition to the liquid combustible organic additives oxidizing agents, particularly hydrogen peroxide, oxygen or air, are added.
Patent HU-204106-B (HU)
Title: Surface-treating, particularly electroplating equipment
Inventor: FABICS FERENC
IPC: C25D17/04
Filed: 1987-05-14
Abstract: The proposed equipment is of modular construction. It includes baths and a framework which carries the normal accessory equipment associated with depositing and removing stations. - (Dwg.0/1)
Patent HU-188800-B (HU)
Inventor: STOPINC AG
IPC: B22D41/26
Filed: 1982-07-14
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft einen Drehschiebeverschluss zum Abgiessen von Metallen aus einem Schmelzebehaelter, insbesondere einem Zwischenbehaelter einer Stranggussanlage, mit einem ortsfesten u. einem drehbaren feuerfesten Verschlussteil, wobei d. letztere ein Ring mit mehreren Durchflussoeffnungen ist. An einem solchen Verschluss werden mit d. Erfindg. insbesondere stoerungsfreie Funktion u. praxisgerechte Handhabung angestrebt. Die Loesung besteht darin, d. auch der ortsfeste Verschlussteil ringfoermig gestaltet und wie der drehbare Verschlussteil in einem tellerfoermigen metallischen Rahmen (24) gehalten wird, und ferner, dass beide Rahmen (24, 34) mittels einer Bolzenanordnung zusammengehalten werden, die durch die Mitteloeffnung beider Ringe (20; 30) hindurchgreift und an einem Rahmen (24) verankert ist. Dadurch erhaelt die Gleitflaeche des drehbaren Teils eine gleichbleibende, sichere Abstuetzung, und es ist moeglich, die Verschlusseinheit, bestehend aus Statorteil und Rotorteil, abseits des Schmelzebehaelters vorzumontieren und am Behaelter rasch und bequem auszuwechseln.
Patent HU-184873-B (HU)
Inventor: BARANOWSKI JAN
IPC: C23F13/00
Filed: 1981-08-19
Abstract: A találmány tárgya elektród, különösen katód, elsősorban kénsavhűtők anódos védelméhez, amelynek lényege, hogy hűtő hálós fenéklemezében villamosán szigetelő anyagú tömszelencét átvezetett csövet tartalmaz, amely alsó csőkötegfalon dielektromos talppal van megtámasztva, míg a cső alsó része tőle szigetelt tápvezetékkel és a tömszelence oldaláról maga a cső áramforrásnak ugyanarra a sarkára van csatlakoztatva. A találmány szerinti elektród különösen kénsavhűtőkben az anódos védelmi rendszerek katódjaként használható előnyösen, karbantartása, javítása egyszerű és könnyű. 10  184873
Patent HU-208508-B (HU)
Inventor: VARGA JOLAN
IPC: B66F7/04
Filed: 1990-04-17
Abstract: Berendezés vasúti tartálykocsik felső nyílászáró dómfedelének nyitására és zárására, amely a dómfedél szerelvényeinek hozzájutásához alkalmasan van kialakítva és a tartálykocsi lefejtésére vagy töltésére a kiszolgáló vágány mellett vagy a kiszolgáló vágánnyal párhuzamos vágányon mozgatásra alkalmas módon vagy helyhezkötötten van elhelyezve, továbbá kézi vagy gépi működtetéssel van ellátva. A berendezés lényege, hogy tartó elemének (51), célszerűen csőoszlopnak végén mozgó csőhüvelyére (33) hegesztett emelhető-süllyeszthető és elfordítható konzolos járólapja (2) van, amelynek mellvédkorlátja (3) van és a járólap (2) tengelyirányú mozgatására korongokon (16) átvetett drótkötél (17) végére erősített ellensúlyai (11) vannak és hajtókarral (15) a tartóelembe (1) hegesztett anyán (40) át vezetett, haladó mozgást végző menetes orsója (14) van, továbbá emelőrúdja (36) és fordító-támasztó csapágya (7), valamint fordítókötele (34) van.
Patent HU-196017-B (HU)
Inventor: MOLNAR JANOS
IPC: H02G7/06
Filed: 1986-06-18
Abstract: A találmány feszítőszerelvény önhordó légkábelhez,
amelynek tartókengyellel (4) ellátott háza (1)
és ennek egyik oldalon nyitott kúpos üregébe illeszkedő,
a feszítendő légkábelt vagy annak tartósodronyát
(16) befogó horonnyal ellátott kúpos betétei
(5A, Sri) vannak. A találmány szerint a vezető anyagú
betétek (5A, 5B) egymás félé néző felületén a horonnyal
párhuzamos potenciálrögzítő vezeték befogására
alkalmas vájat van kiképezve, és a betétek
(5A, 5B) a házban (1) való együttmozgás biztosítására
egymáshoz csatlakozó legalább egy kiálló elemmel
(10B),illetőleg bemélyedéssel (11A) vannak ellátva
Patent HU-188928-B (HU)
Inventor: GOLYA GABOR
IPC: F23D14/00
Filed: 1983-07-22
Abstract: A találmány gázégőfejet körülhatároló kehely, mely az eddigi szabad égés helyett egy közel zárt égésteret biztosít, azáltal részben a kéményhatás miatt a gázlángot hozzá kényszeríti a melegítendő felületre, valamint azt egyenletesen elosztva nagyobb felületen adódik át a hő, és ezáltal energia megtakarítás jelentkezik főleg gáztűzhelyek gázégőinél. A találmány szerinti kehely egyik lehetséges kiviteli alakjában alul hengeres, majd kúposán kiszélesedve követi a célszerűen kialakítandó hőáramiás vonalát, alsó részén frisslevegő beáramlást lehetővé tevő nyílások vannak kiképezve, bármilyen tűzálló anyagból készülhet.  -1-
Patent HU-202768-B (HU)
Inventor: TUENDIK FERENC
IPC: B01D29/37
Filed: 1986-06-25
Abstract: Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Filter mit kontinuierlicher Spuelung, insbesondere fuer Pflanzenschutzmaschinen in der Landwirtschaft, dessen Eingang mit einer Zuflussleitung, sein Ausgang mit einer Duesenzuleitung und sein Innenraum mit einem Behaelter verbunden ist. Das Wesen der Erfindung liegt darin, dass der Innenraum 5 des Filters und der Behaelter mit der Behandlungsfluessigkeit ueber ein Druckregulierventil 7 miteinander verbunden sind. Fig. 1
Patent HU-208034-B (HU)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions and concentrates for internal combustion engines
Inventor: RIPPLE DAVID EUGENE
IPC: C10N10/12
Filed: 1989-05-26
Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines are described with comprise (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and minor amounts of (B) at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound characterized by the present within its structure of at least one HN< group (C) at least one partial fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol, and (D) at least one metal salt of a dihydrocarbyl dithiosphosphoric acid. The oil compositions also may contain (E) at least one carboxylic ester derivative composition, and/or (F) at least one neutral or basic alkaline earth metal salt of at least one acidic organic compound.
Patent HU-190134-B (HU)
Title: Method for determing mutagenicity
Inventor: FLACK KAI
IPC: C12N13/00
Filed: 1983-08-02
Abstract: Method for the performance of a mutagenicity test so that a cell population is exposed to a mutagen, as a result of which a part of the population mutates, whereat the originally uniform cell population is differentiated into sub-populations, characterized in that the variation of tubidity caused by the changes in the size of the differentiated cell populations is measured as a change in optical density by means of a photometer, fluorometer, nephelometer or luminometer measuring vertically at a certain wavelength. - (9pp)
Patent HU-197725-B (HU)
Inventor: BAER VILMOS
IPC: C07D215/00
Filed: 1984-09-26
Abstract: A találmány értelmében úgy járunk el, hogy 100 tömegrész anil in+an il in-hid roklorid vízmentes reakcióelegyhez megosztva: kezdetben 20—30 tömegrész acetont adagolunk óránként, legfeljebb 18 órán át, aztán pedig 40—45 tömegrész acetont adnak óránként, célszerűen 15—22 óra hosszat, 140— 180°C hőmérsékleten szimultán kondenzációt és polimerizációt hajtanak végre. -1-
Patent HU-197163-B (HU)
Inventor: BARABAS ZOLTAN
IPC: A01H1/02
Filed: 1986-08-26
Abstract: A találmány eljárás növényfajták előállítására, főként génikus hímsterilitás, esetenként egyszerű idegentermékenyülés alapján auxotróf mutánsok felhasználásával. Jellegzetessége, hogy auxotróf apai és/vagy auxotróf anyai vonalakat más szülővel vagy egymással keverten vagy pászlásan vetjük, majd az auxotróf apai és/vagy auxotróf anyai vonal auxotrófíájának (deficienciájának) megfelelő anyaggal a virágzásig vagy a tenyészidő (aratás) végéig az auxotróf apai és/vagy az auxotróf anyai vonalat, pl. permetezve kezeljük. 197163 -1-
Patent HU-210161-B (HU)
Title: Acidic cleaning material for cleaning hard surfaces
Inventor: THOMAS MICHEL
IPC: C11D3/36
Filed: 1990-07-31
Abstract: An acidic aqueous cleaner, preferably in emulsion or microemulsion form, which is of a pH in the range of one to four and is useful for cleaning hard surfaced items, such as bathtubs, sinks, tiles and porcelains, and even some such items which are not acid resistant, such as those of a European enamel known as zirconium white enamel, comprises synthetic organic detergent, such as a mixture of anionic and nonionic detergents, e.g., sodium paraffin sulfonate, higher fatty alcohol ethoxylate sulfate and higher fatty alcohol or phenol ethoxylate, organic acid, e.g., mixture of succinic, glutaric and adipic acids, phosphonic acid, e.g., aminotris-(methylenephosphonic acid) and phosphoric acid in an aqueous medium. 
     The acidic cleaner is useful to remove soap scum, lime scale and grease from surfaces of the mentioned items without adversely affecting such surfaces, and removals of the scum, scale and grease are easy, being effected by applying the micro­emulsion to the surface to be cleaned, followed by wiping it off. Although the cleaned surfaces may be rinsed that is often not necessary and the surfaces will be left clean and shiny after wiping, even without rinsing, or with minimal rinsing. 
     In the described emulsions the organic acid components effectively remove soap scum and lime scale, the detergents remove greasy soils and promote effective contact between the acid and the surfaces to be treated, and the combination of phosphoric and phosphonic acids prevents acidic attack by the organic acid(s) on the European enamel surface being cleaned.