baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20000049304-A (KR)
Inventor: JEON YUN GYU
IPC: G11B20/02
Filed: 1999-05-19
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for producing a music video by a karaoke is provided to record a video tape or an optical disc by synthesizing user's picture with various picture displayed on a picture display unit via the karaoke. CONSTITUTION: A method for producing a music video by a karaoke comprises the steps of: if background picture to be recorded is selected, with displaying on picture display unit by a user, playing the selected picture via an optical disc display unit; deciding whether the user selects a music among pre-stored music(S2); displaying the played background on the picture display unit and outputting a music via a speaker phone; taking a picture of the user by a camera and outputting the taken picture to a picture synthesizer; synthesizing the taken picture with a play picture signal via an optical disc player according to a program of the picture synthesizer; displaying the taken picture on the picture display unit with recording via a VCR; outputting a voice of the user inputted according to the outputted music to a speaker phone, with recording via the VCR; deciding whether an end key is selected by the user; if the end key is inputted, initializing status of all devices and supplying the user with a video tape recorded presently; and if not, continuing on the steps after the S2.
Patent KR-20000005757-A (KR)
Inventor: YOSHIDA MINORU
IPC: A01G9/02
Filed: 1999-05-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A water-storing tray for a plant growing mat is provided to improve the water irrigation function of a plant growing mat and to easily control the amount of the contained water in soil. CONSTITUTION: A water-storing tray is installed by:a corner part(D) placed on the right side; a connection part(2) placed on the upper part of a side wall(1a); a connection part(3) placed on each upper part of the side wall of the two cross faces in a corner part(B); and a connection part installed by an upper surface(2a,3a) and a pendant part(2b,3b).
Patent KR-20010002272-A (KR)
Title: Foam ball and method of production thereof
Inventor: HYEON JIN
IPC: A63B39/06
Filed: 1999-06-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A foam ball having a smooth curved surface and polish is provided by injecting the raw material of polyurethane into a flexible tube and then coating the flexible tube with liquid urethane. CONSTITUTION: The foam ball is produced by a process comprising the steps of: filling bubblers(41)(42) with the mixed raw material of the polyurethane; injecting the material into the flexible tube(20) and then adding the flexible tube to a spherical mold(50) for several moments to make a spherical foam material(10); soaking the spherical foam material(10) in the liquid urethane to form a polishing surface(30) and then drying.
Patent KR-20010003268-A (KR)
Inventor: HONG HYEONG SIK
IPC: B24B37/30
Filed: 1999-06-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A pedestal of a load-cup for loading/unloading a wafer into/from a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus is to minimize the transfer of a contaminant from on an upper face of the pedestal to a surface of the wafer, thereby reducing scratch on the surface of the wafer. CONSTITUTION: A pedestal(810) of a load-cup for loading/unloading a wafer into a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus comprises a pedestal plate(811) disposed in an inner portion of the load-cup to support the wafer; a pedestal supporting portion for supporting and lifting up/down the pedestal plate; a fluid port(814) provided at an upper face of the pedestal plate to vacuum-attach the wafer and spray pure wafer; a vertical fluid passage formed in an inner portion of the pedestal supporting portion; a lateral fluid passage formed in an inner portion of the pedestal plate to connect the fluid port and the vertical fluid passage; and a pedestal film(813) attached to an upper face of the pedestal plate to be contacted with the surface of the wafer, wherein the pedestal film is attached to only a limited portion including a peripheral portion of the fluid port.
Patent KR-19990068837-A (KR)
Title: 무소음중공사막오수처리장치및그시공방법
IPC: C02F1/44
Filed: 1999-06-28
Abstract: 본 발명은 무소음 중공사막 오수처리장치 및 그 시공방법에 관한 것으로, 무소음 중공사막 오수처리장치는 제1 프레임에 중공사로 된 중공사막의 양단부가 한 쌍의 집수관에 연통되게 각각 연결되어 처리수를 여과하는 복수개 중공사 막분리기를 결합하고, 상기 중공사 막분리기로 부터 오수를 흡입하여 오물이 상기 중공사의 표면에 걸러지도록 하는 수중펌프가 일측부에 결합된 중공사막 모듈을 구성하고, 제2 프레임의 하단부에 중공사에 부착된 오물을 떨어내기 위한 산기수단을 결합하고, 상기 산기수단에 공기를 공급하기 위한 수중 블로우어를 결합형 또는 분리형으로 구비한 마운팅 모듈을 구성하며, 상기 마운팅 모듈에 상기 중공사막 모듈을 적어도 하나 이상 적층 결합하여 여과장치 유니트를 구성하는 한편, 상기 여과장치유니트를 폭기조에 적어도 하나 이상 결합하여, 신시설 및 기존시설 적응형, 중공사 막분리기 적층 조립형, 현수형으로 구성됨과 아울러 수중 펌프와 수중 블로우어의 수중 발열에 의한 처리수 보온형으로 구성된다. 또, 상기 마운팅 모듈을 이루는 제2 프레임의 내측으로 상기 하나 이상의 중공사막 모듈을 슬라이드 결합구조로 적층하여, 슬라이드식 조립형, 처리용량 가변 용이형으로 구성되는 무소음 중공사막 오수처리장치와 그 시공방법을 제공한다. 
     본 발명은 친수성 중공사막을 이용하여 오수를 처리하고, 기계실이 필요 없는 무소음 중공사막 오수처리장치로서, 생산성이 우수하고, 시공 및 유지 관리가 편리하며, 경제성이 우수할 뿐아니라 양질의 방류수를 얻을 수 있으며, 수명이 반영구적인 장치이다. 그리고, 오수 및 폐수처리시설에도 매우 유리하게 적용할 수 있고, 신시설 및 특히 기존시설에 매우 유리하게 적용할 수 있는 장치로서, 차세대 환경에 적합한 탁월한 장치이다.
Patent KR-19990078613-A (KR)
Filed: 1999-06-30
Abstract: (1) 프라스틱과 동판 및 전도재의 화학금속 분야로서 전극과 본체로 구성된 것이다. 
     (2) 콘센트와 플러그로서 양방향 손잡이 플러그와 4개를 동시에 플러그를 사용할 수 있는 것에 관한 것이며 적은 공간에 많은 플러그의 사용과 양방향 손잡이 및 직각과 회전형 용도의 전선으로서 실용적이고 안전하게 사용하기 위함이다. 
     (3) 110V용과 220V용의 2가지 사용부분에 사용할 수가 있으며 플러그의 좌우측 상하로 표면에서 넓은 사각홈과 둥글게 된 외곽의 구성으로 사용자가 플러그를 삽입과 제거시 역학적 구성으로 되어진 구조에 의하여 서로 반대적으로 밀고 당기는데 쉽고 안전하게 사용하기 위한 구조로 구성되어 있다. 플러그 본체를 좌우 반반씩 조립하여 두군데 보울트와 너트에 의해 고정되는 것과 한개의 보울트와 너트에 의해 조립되는 구성으로 되어져 있으며 전선 투입구 부분에 사다리꼴 각이진 것과 직각으로 돌출구조로 된 것으로 구성되는 것이며 회전식으로도 된 것으로서 구성하는 것이다.  사용처에 따라 선택할 수가 있고 본체가 통채로 되어진 것과 전극부에 커버가 조립되는 식으로 되게끔하는 것으로도 구성되는 것이다. 전극을 110V용은 직사각형의 얇은 두께고, 220V용은 환봉으로 긴것과 짧은 것으로 구성되는 것이다. 콘센트는 원형과 사각형으로 구성되고 4개를 동시에 꽂을 수 있도록 상부와 하부로 결합되게끔 되어져 있다. 
     (4) 대량 생산이 가능하고 플러그는 안전하고 쉽게 삽입과 제거가 되며 콘센트는 4개를 꽂을 수가 있어 적은 공간에 많이 사용할 수가 있다.
Patent KR-19990083733-A (KR)
Title: 내연기관의화염분출방지용트랩제조방법및그장치
IPC: F02B77/00
Filed: 1999-07-07
Abstract: 본 발명은 내연기관의 화염분출방지용 트랩을 제조하기 위한 트랩을 제조하기 위한 방법 및 이 방법을 구현하기 위한 트랩제조장치에 관한 것으로, 과열된 내연기관의 오폭시 화염이 외부로 방출되는 것을 효과적으로 방지할 수 있는 내연기관의 화염분출방지용 트랩제작의 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있고, 내연기관의 화염분출방지용 트랩의 자동대량생산이 가능하도록 한 것이다.  이를 위해, 트랩제조방법은, 단일의 띠모양의 스트랩의 외표면 상에 그 길이의 가로방향으로 요철부를 형성시키는 제 1단계, 요철부가 형성된 상기 스트랩의 길이방향의 기하학적 중심선을 중심으로 상기 스트랩을 절첩시키는 제 2단계, 절첩된 상기 스트랩의 중심선 부분에 다수의 화염유입노즐(111)을 형성시켜 상기 요철부 사이가 형성하는 화염토출덕트(112)와 연통되도록 하여 화염분출방지용 트랩을 완성하는 제 3단계를 포함하고, 제조장치는 제조방법을 구현하기 위한 각종 장치부로 구성된다.
Patent KR-20010009473-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO BYONG CHUN
IPC: A41F9/00
Filed: 1999-07-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A magnetic belt is provided to both alleviate neuralgia and improve blood circulation by arranging negative magnets and positive magnets by turns in back sheet of conventional belt. CONSTITUTION: According to the invention, permanent positive magnets (10) and permanent negative magnet (12) are arranged in a raw at fixed interval of 7 cm. Differ from conventional magnetic belt, the present belt, free of disorder magnetic field, make powerful ring-shaped magnetic field.
Patent KR-20010009513-A (KR)
Inventor: CHOI GWANG UK
IPC: E01F15/02
Filed: 1999-07-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: A buffer of a guard fence for a road is provided to secure safety to the utmost by transmitting smallest shock to a vehicle, a driver and a passenger at the time of a collision by providing buffering action on the guard fence installed on the road. CONSTITUTION: A buffer of a guard fence for a road includes a plurality of mounts(10) having a lower part laid under the ground, a fixing member(20), and a shocking absorbing part(30). The fixing part having upper and lower ends fixed to the mount by a fixed screw and a fixing part(24) having a central portion gradually narrowed and projecting to a side and a coupling hole(22) formed at a side. The shock absorbing part is provided to the coupling hole in such a manner that the fixing part is fixed by the fixing screw. The shock absorbing part has a soft buffing part(32), a projection(34), and a buffing plate(35) dented in the center.
Patent KR-20010009809-A (KR)
Inventor: BAEK JUNG HYEON
IPC: H01L23/32
Filed: 1999-07-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A semiconductor module using a chip protecting cover is provided to simplify the manufacturing process and to save money for making the cover, by manufacturing a cover protecting a chip mounted on a substrate by using a plastic material. CONSTITUTION: A chip is mounted on a substrate. A cover(300) made of a plastic material is mounted on the substrate and covers/protects the chip. The cover has a cover surface(310) and a coupling part(350). The cover surface has a heat radiating hole and covers/protects the surface of the substrate. The coupling part is installed on at least one end portion of the cover surface and protruded by a constant angle with the cover surface. The coupling part has a groove to which at least one corner of the substrate is inserted, so that the substrate is inserted into the groove by suing at least one corner of the substrate as a guide rail.
Patent KR-20010010778-A (KR)
Title: Method for replaying music file of portable radio terminal equipment
Inventor: YANG JAE DEUK
IPC: H04B1/40
Filed: 1999-07-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for playing a music file in a portable wireless terminal is provided to designate a site of an internet homepage supplying the music file to a memory, to connect the site by a user operation to buffer the music file to an inner buffer, and to decode the buffered music file to output the decoded music file to a user as an audible sound. CONSTITUTION: A user attempts to connect to an internet site servicing an MP3 file(S800). If the user is connected to the internet site, an available MP3 file is displayed(S802). The user designates the MP3 file, and starts to download the MP3 file(S804). The designated MP3 file is successively stored in a buffer(S806). Whether buffered contents become a predetermined capacity is decided(S808). If so, a base band processor makes a central process unit(CPU) of an MP3 recorder start to play the MP3 file(S810). The CPU deletes a part used by the MP3 CPU, and continuously downloads remaining file to store the remaining file(S812). After downloading the file, the CPU is converted into a standby state, or keeps an internet connecting state(S814). After the step'(S810)', the MP3 CPU starts to decode file contents of the buffer(S816). The decoded signal is played through the CPU(S818).
Patent KR-20010000024-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM CHAN HO
IPC: A61K8/97
Filed: 1999-08-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: A toothpaste containing Asarum sieboldii extract is provided, which eliminates germs causing gums disease, dental caries, bad breath; removes plaque; shows curing and preventing effect for various dental disease; and gums disease without side effects. CONSTITUTION: A process for the preparation of toothpaste containing Asarum sieboldii extract comprises: collecting and drying Asarum sieboldii in the shade; mixing a solvent containing more than one or two of solvents like as water, primary alcohols(ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol), esters(acetic ethyl), ketones(cyclo-butanone), cyclo-pentane, n-hexane, chloroform, acetone, and boiling; filtering Asarum sieboldii extract from the boiled compound to remove Asarum sieboldii leaves; evaporating solvents from the filtered extract at 40-60°C under 0.005-0.1atmosphere pressure to get the Asarum sieboldii extract; and adding the Asarum sieboldii extract to a common toothpaste compound in the content of 0.5-5wt.% to get the toothpaste containing Asarum sieboldii extract.
Patent KR-20010018209-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO YONG IN
IPC: H04B1/40
Filed: 1999-08-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for controlling a ringer tone according to peripheral noise is provided to automatically adjust the volume of a ringer tone to recognize a call according to the degree of peripheral brightness. CONSTITUTION: A control unit checks whether a destination signal is detected from an RF processing unit(101). If the destination signal is detected, the control unit checks whether a peripheral illumination detection voltage is more than a preset reference value, for example 750mV(102). If it exceeds the preset reference value, the control unit controls a ringer tone generation unit so that the ringer tone can be generated at the maximum volume level(103). However, in case that the peripheral illumination detection voltage is less than the preset reference value, the control unit controls the ringer tone generation unit so that the ringer tone can be generated at the minimum volume level(104).
Patent KR-20010018888-A (KR)
Inventor: JUNG MIN YONG
IPC: H04B5/04
Filed: 1999-08-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for saving a battery of a wireless beeper is provided to perform changing mode in case a button switch is pushed over a predetermined setting time and to turn off a lamp in case the button switch is pushed within the setting time. Therefore, the consumption of a battery can be minimized and the battery's life can be extended. CONSTITUTION: When a power of a wireless beeper is turned on, a current time is displayed on a display(S2) and the beeper checks the operation of timer(S3). If the timer does not operate, the beeper turns off a lamp(S4). Otherwise, the beeper checks the operation of a button switch(S5). If the button switch is not operated, the beeper just displays a current time. Otherwise, the beeper checks the button switch has been operated for 2 seconds(S6). If not, the beeper selects menu mode(S7). Otherwise, the beeper checks the lamp is turned off. If not, the beeper operates the timer to turn off the lamp for 7 seconds(S9), and then displays a current time. Otherwise, the beeper just turns off the lamp(S10).
Patent KR-20010019751-A (KR)
Title: Plasma display panel
Inventor: HONG DAE YEONG
IPC: H01J11/34
Filed: 1999-08-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A plasma display panel is provided which has a heat transfer layer to which heat generated due to discharge inside a discharging space is dispersed to be easily emitted to the outside, preventing bending or breaking of a front substrate or back substrate. CONSTITUTION: A plasma display panel(2) includes a front substrate(20) and a back substrate(10) placed opposite to the front substrate. A discharge space is formed between the front and back substrates. A fluorescent layer(15) is formed on the front surface of the back substrate or the back surface of the front substrate. The fluorescent layer is excited during discharge that occurs inside the discharge space to radiates. A heat transfer layer(19) is coated on the back of the back substrate to externally emit heat generated during the discharge.
Patent KR-20000022848-A (KR)
Inventor: MAYAJI MASAYUKI
IPC: H01P5/18
Filed: 1999-09-01
Abstract: PURPOSE: A power distributer and a power coupler are provided to reduce the characteristic impedance of a transfer line consisting the directional coupler, to realize a power distributer having more distributing numbers, and to reduce power loss. CONSTITUTION: A power distributer comprises N branch line type directional couplers(7,8,9),input lines(1) and N+1 output lines(2a-2d). If the impedances of the input lines and the impedance of the input port(7a) of a first branch line type directional coupler(7) are equal, corresponding input line and the input port are connected through a transfer line having same impedance to the impedance or directly connected. If the impedances are not equal, corresponding input line and the input port are connected through a first impedance converter.
Patent KR-20010027427-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO JIN SEOK
IPC: G06F1/16
Filed: 1999-09-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: The desk-top computer casing is provided to form a hollow connection space at an upper part in order to easily connect cables to a main body of the computer and to make the main body closely pushed to a wall without a poor condition of the cable connection or the cable deformation. CONSTITUTION: The device comprises a connection space(4), a connection port(3), and a cover(5). The connection space(4) is hollowed from an upper part of the casing by a set depth, stepped from a bezzel(2) of a front part of the casing, and closed or opened by a cover(5). The cover(5), preserving a connection state of the cables, includes a rear plate(5a), side plates(5b) and heat radiation holes(5c). The side plates(5b) blocks both the sides of the connection space(4). The rear plate(5a), inserted into guides formed on the rear wall of the main body, covers a rear part of the casing. The heat radiation holes(5c) discharges the heat generated from the main body.
Patent KR-20010027445-A (KR)
Inventor: HONG SEUNG GI
IPC: A61K8/67
Filed: 1999-09-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A solid-type cosmetic composition containing functional materials is provided, which shows excellent storage stability, is handy to carry, is easy to use without skin irritation, and maintains effectiveness of the functional materials for a long time. CONSTITUTION: The solid-type cosmetic composition comprises water phase(A) containing functional materials 0.001-50wt.% and oil phase(B) containing functional materials 0.001-50wt.%, oils(e.g., vegetable oil, mineral oil) 5-60wt.%, waxes(e.g., candellila wax, carnauba wax) 5-50wt.%, surfactants 0.1-5wt.%, which contains (A) and (B) in the ratio of 0.00001-1.0:1, desirably 0.001-0.7:1. The functional materials can be whitening agents such as albutin, cojic acid, vitamin-C or vitamin-C derivatives, wrinkle-free agents such as vitamin-A, vitamin-A derivatives, AHA, or AHA derivatives. A process for the preparation of solid-type cosmetic composition containing functional material comprises the steps of: dissolving water phase completely by boiling at 90deg.C; dissolving oil phase completely by heating to 60-90deg.C; adding the water phase to the oil phase, and shaking.
Patent KR-20010027908-A (KR)
Inventor: HWANG DEOK CHEOL
IPC: H01M10/0568
Filed: 1999-09-16
Abstract: PURPOSE: An electrolyte for lithium secondary batteries is provided to improve life cycle and low temperature characteristics of lithium secondary batteries by preventing surface damage of electrodes due to hydrogen halide and using a non-aqueous organic solvent containing propylene carbonate. CONSTITUTION: The electrolyte is prepared by adding silicon powder to a non-aqueous organic solvent comprising propylene carbonate, wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent is a mixed solution of ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate/propylene carbonate (EC/DMC/PC), ethylene carbonate/ethylmethyl carbonate/propylene carbonate (EC/EMC/PC), or ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate/propylene carbonate (EC/DEC/PC), the silicon powder is added to the non-aqueous organic solvent in an amount of 0.01 to 5 wt.%, and the electrolyte comprises a supporting electrolytic salt selected from the group consisting of LiPF6, LiBF4, LiAsF6, LiClO4, CF3SO3Li and a mixture of two or more salts thereof.
Patent KR-20010028003-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM YEONG DAE
IPC: H01L21/768
Filed: 1999-09-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: A semiconductor device having a multilayered metal interconnection is provided to prevent a crack between interconnections, and to prevent the crack from being extended to a gap between other interconnections even when the crack is generated in an interconnection. CONSTITUTION: At least two metal interconnections are sequentially stacked on a substrate(50). An interlayer dielectric(52,56,60,64,68,72) is stacked between the stacked metal interconnection. A metal interconnection(54,58,62,66,70,74) selected from the sequentially-stacked metal interconnections is separated from an adjacent interconnection by 6 design rule(DR) or more.
Patent KR-20010036333-A (KR)
Inventor: SUN YONG BIN
IPC: H01L21/60
Filed: 1999-10-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a bonding pad of a semiconductor device is provided to improve reliability of the device using copper as a metal interconnection and to easily adopt a conventional wire bonding method, by preventing a copper pad from being oxidized. CONSTITUTION: An interlayer dielectric(120) is formed on an integrated circuit structure(110). The interlayer dielectric is patterned to expose an interconnection of the integrated circuit structure and prepare a space where a copper pad(130) is formed. Copper is buried in the space for forming the copper pad to form the copper pad. A cap layer(140) made of a conductive material is formed on the copper pad. A passivation layer(150) is applied on the entire surface of the structure having the cap layer and patterned to expose the cap layer. An annealing process is performed regarding the resultant structure to form an inter-metal compound(140a) in an interface between the cap layer and the copper pad and to form a surface oxide layer(140b) on the cap layer.
Patent KR-20000029379-A (KR)
Title: Sanitary napkin
Inventor: MIZUTANI SATOSHI
IPC: A61F13/15
Filed: 1999-10-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A sanitary napkin is provided which prevents the edge of an aperture in the vicinity of legs of pants from contaminating by menstrural blood and the menstrural blood from leaking between the edge of the aperture and the legs. CONSTITUTION: A relatively small-sized sanitary napkin(1) comprises a liquid-permeable surface sheet(2), a liquid-impermeable rear surface sheet(3) and an absorption core(4) therebetween as a base member(5) and expandable cuffs(12) on the upper face of both edges(7) of a sanitary napkin. The sanitary napkin is also characterized in that it has a fixed edge section(22), a free edge section(23), a pair of end edge sections(6) extended in the transverse direction in both edges thereof, wherein the free edge section is capable of being extended to the outside of the transverse direction of the base member or the free edge section is faced toward the outside of the transverse direction of the base member and the fixed edge section is fixed to the upper face.
Patent KR-20010039442-A (KR)
Inventor: CHA GYUN HO
IPC: G21C17/108
Filed: 1999-10-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: An axial output distribution calculating method by using a virtual nuclear measuring instrument on the core monitoring system is provided to improve the margin of operation by reducing an axial output distribution error. CONSTITUTION: The axial output distribution calculating method includes the steps of setting the virtual incore nuclear measuring instrument, deriving the optimal correlation between the outputs of the existing real five nuclear measuring instruments and the outputs of the virtual nine nuclear measuring instruments, estimating the outputs of the virtual nine nuclear measuring instruments, calculating the 40 or 20 axial outputs by calculating the coefficients of the Fourier functions constructed by nine modes by using the estimated outputs.
Patent KR-20010045815-A (KR)
Inventor: JUNG GAP YEON
IPC: H04N5/63
Filed: 1999-11-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A display power management mode(DPM) circuit of a monitor is provided to minimize an electric consumption when a user selects a DPM mode. CONSTITUTION: A rectification unit(10) rectifies an input power source into a direct current power source of a predetermined level. A transformer(T10) receives a voltage of the rectification unit(10) and converts and outputs into an operation power source for operating each element of a monitor. A power control unit(30) controls an operation of the transformer(T10). A starting unit(20) receives a voltage of the rectification unit(10) and inputs a starting voltage of the power control unit(30). A micro computer(40) controls an output of a horizontal/vertical synchronizing signal inputted in accordance with a requesting by a user. A bias circuit(50) biases an electronic beam in accordance with a control signal of the micro computer(40). A DPM mode detecting unit(60) controls an on/off duty rate of an output of the power control unit(30) in accordance with an output or not of the bias circuit(50).