Patent GB-1415365-A (GB)
Title: Starting device for a synchronous machine
IPC: H02P1/46
Filed: 1973-02-05
Abstract: 1415365 Control of AC motors BBC BROWN BOVERI & CO Ltd 5 Feb 1973 [7 Feb 1972] 5671/73 Heading H2J A synchronous machine is started by the use of an induction machine whose rotor is mechanically connected to the rotor of the synchronous machine and carries a winding which is closed through at least one starting load circuit during energization of the stator winding of the induction machine from a polyphase A.C. supply, the latter being replaced by a D.C. supply when the machines have reached synchronous speed whereby the induction machine operates as a synchronous generator whose rotor winding provides the D.C. excitation for the synchronous machine. The embodiment shown in Fig. 1 comprises a synchronous machine 1 which may be a motor or a generator with a prime mover (not shown) and a starting and exciting induction machine 2, which machines have stator windings 12, 21 for connection to a three-phase supply N and rotor windings 11, 22 connected by a static rectifier 5 which may be a bridge circuit mounted for rotation with the machine shafts coupled by member 6. In a typical operation, ganged switches 31, 44 are respectively closed and opened, whereby the machine 2 operates as an induction motor whose rotor circuit is closed through members 5, 11 and whose speed is increased in two stages by stardelta changeover produced by operation of the switch 31. When a speed has been reached at which the machine 1 may be safely connected to the supply N, a switch N2 is closed using conventional auxiliary synchronizing equipment (not shown), the switch 31 is opened and switch 44 is closed to energize the stator winding 21 from the supply N via transformer 41 and a controlled rectifier 42, the winding 11 then being supplied with D.C. from members 5, 22. The following modifications are also described: (1) replacement of star-delta run-up by a rotor winding starting resistor system (72 or 82) connected to slip rings on the shaft of machine 2 or 1 during the run-up period, Fig. 2 (not shown); (2) use of a starting resistor system (72) connected to slip rings on the shaft of machine 2 during run-up, the windings 11, 22 being isolated during run-up by an electro-mechanical or centrifugal switch (23) which closes when the machine 1 is ready for connection to the supply N, Fig. 3 (not shown). The isolating function of switch (23) may alternatively be provided by using a controlled rectifier in place of the rectifier 5; (3) use of a starting resistor system (9) which rotates with the shaft of machine 2 and is automatically disconnected when synchronous speed is reached, whereupon a controlled rectifier (50) is fired to connect the windings 11, 22, Fig. 4 (not shown). Alternatively the resistor system (9) may be disconnected when a first run-up speed has been reached, the rectifier (50) then being fired to connect the windings 11, 22 during the final run-up to synchronous speed. Various design and circuit arrangements of the stator winding 21 and switches 31, 44 are described for star-star, delta-star and parallelseries connection changes of the stator winding. Figs. 5, 6 and 7 (not shown).