baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1119239-A (GB)
Title: Hydrocarbon cracking catalyst with zeolite
IPC: B01J29/08
Filed: 1965-08-02
Abstract: A composite mixture of siliceous cracking catalyst and a zeolite is formed in water and then is washed with an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt to reduce the alkali-metal content of the zeolite before drying.  Various filterings, washings slurryings and spray dryings may be performed on the composite before the ammonium treatment.  The zeolite has the general formula xR2O: ym2/n O:Al2O3 : 3.5-7SiO2 : O-9H2O where x is 0.1-1; y is O to (1-x) m is a cation other than alkali-metal of valency n and R is an alkali metal cation. The siliceous catalyst may be silicon/magnesia, silicon/zirconia, silica/alumina, silica/alumina/zirconia or silica/magnesia/alumina or an acidified clay.  Unit cell sizes surface areas and pore sizes are mentioned.
Patent GB-466569-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of acetaldehyde from gases containing acetylene
Filed: 1935-11-28
Abstract: In the production of acetaldehyde by circulating dilute acetylene gases and an aqueous sulphuric acid solution of iron and mercury sulphates in the same direction through a reaction vessel at such a speed that a substantial excess, preferably between 10 and 30 times the volume of solution in said vessel is circulated per hour, the ratio of ferric to ferrous sulphate is adjusted so that more than about 20 per cent of the total iron is always present in the ferric state.  A solution containing 25--100 g./l. of iron, about 30 per cent being in the ferric state, may be used. Reduction of the initial solution of ferric iron only may proceed until the desired ratio is attained when ferric sulphate solution is added, and reduced solution withdrawn continuously.  Pressure is atmospheric or above.  Apparatus similar to that of the parent Specification may be used, a quantity of solution containing ferrous sulphate equal to that formed being removed at the top of the reaction tower, converted to ferric sulphate, and returned at the base.  The apparatus can be constructed of metals, e.g. nickel chromium steels, without protective coatings.
Patent GB-397529-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machines for grinding, sharpening and polishing cutting tools and inmethods of using such machines
IPC: B24B3/48
Filed: 1931-11-28
Abstract: An abrading-composition in the form of a cake or hard paste, for application to the rollers of a razor-blade sharpening machine, comprises 70 parts by weight of finely divided corundum, 7 parts of ozokerite, and 23 parts of paraffin.  Pulverized iron oxide may be substituted for part of the corundum.
Patent GB-1102456-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the bleaching of paper
Inventor: WAYMAN MORRIS
IPC: D06L4/70
Filed: 1964-08-13
Abstract: Paper is bleached by treating it with an aqueous solution of peracetic acid or a salt thereof, e.g. the sodium salt, heating it, e.g. at about 100 DEG C for up to 60 seconds, treating it with an aqueous solution of a hydrosulphite e.g. sodium or zinc hydrosulphite, and drying it.  The solutions may be applied by immersing the paper in the solutions, by spraying or by transfer rolls.  The peracetic acid or its salt may be present in the solution in a concentration of 0.1 - 2% by weight, the solution optionally being buffered to a pH of 6-9 and being stabilised by the addition of about 1% by weight of a phosphate, e.g. tetrasodium pyrophosphate. After the heating step and prior to treatment with the hydrosulphite solution the peracetic acid on the paper may be neutralized with an SO2 sulphite, bisulphite or metabisulphite solution.  The hydrosulphite solution which may have a pH of 4 - 7, may contain 0.1 - 2% by weight of the hydrosulphite and may be stabilised by the addition of 1-3% by weight of a phosphate, e.g. KH2 PO4.  After treatment with the hydrosulphite solution the paper may be heated at a temperature of about 100 DEG C for up to 120 seconds.  The bleaching may be effected before the final drying step in the paper making process.
Patent GB-392975-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to distributing valve-fittings for fluids
IPC: F16K11/056
Filed: 1931-12-01
Abstract: 392,975. Distribution valves. WINN & CO., Ltd., C. and MOUSLEY, N. K., 140, Granville Street, Birmingham. Dec. 1, 1931, No. 33244. [Class 135.] A distribution valve of the screw-down type' has one or more rings, plungers, pistons, or sleeves e mounted on its spindle d on the outlet side of the valve for controlling the flow through two or more delivery ports h, j when the valve member a is moved from its seating. The rings &c. may have ports co-operating with the delivery ports in the valve body. Each of the ports in the rings as well as those in the valve body may extend axially, part-circumferentially or helically to allow for axial, rotational or combined axial and rotational movement of the spindle d. In the form shown in Fig. 4, the port h is partly closed and the port j is fully open in the closed position of the valve member a. As the latter is raised, the port h is first closed, then the port j and finally the port h is partly reopened. In another form, Figs. 1, 2, and 3 (not shown), initially the lower delivery port is completely closed and the upper port is fully open and as the valve is raised to its fully open position, the lower port is opened and the upper port is closed. In Fig. 5 the spindle' d carries a supplementary piston q for controlling a third port n, the other two ports being at right-angles to the port n and having their upper edges coincident with the lower edge of the piston q in the position shown. These latter ports are of different depths so that initially both are open to a small extent, but when the valve a is raised, they are both closed and the port n is gradually opened and then closed by the ring e. Finally, the deeper of the two ports is opened to a small extent. The ring e may comprise a solid boss with axial holes or a ring connected to the spindle by spider arms. In some forms the valve member a carries a throttling device. That shown in Fig. 4 comprises two extensions k, k<1> which throttle the supply in the end positions of the valve. The fitting in Fig. 4 is particularly suitable for storage water heaters, its delivery ports supplying respectively a syphon pipe x, Fig. 10, having a curved end leading into a central pipe y and a pipe w leading into the discharge pipe u, the upper end of which is only slightly above the end of the pipe x. When the valve a of the fitting v is closed, water is syphoned back through the pipes x, w to allow a space below mouth of the discharge pipe u for expansion during heating. When the valve a is first opened, the cold water passes also through the pipe w to prevent scalding at the outlet, but when opened further, cold water passes to the heater only, where it displaces the hot water.
Patent GB-1085966-A (GB)
Title: Dispersion-modified alloys and production thereof
IPC: C22C1/10
Filed: 1966-07-25
Abstract: A dispersion-modified alloy has as metallic components 10-40% by weight of Cr and/or Mo and/or W (the maximum amount of Cr being 35% and the maximum amount of Mo plus W being 22% and at least 60% by weight of Co and/or Ni, there being dispersed in the metallic components up to 6% by volume of refractory metal oxide particles having an average size less than 100mm , the oxide having a free energy of formation at 1000 DEG C. greater than 106 kilocalories per gram. atom of oxygen.  A structure having at least 25% of anisodiametric grains having a length/thickness ratio greater than 3 is produced by heating a consolidated body of the alloy to 1900-2500 DEG F. to recrystallize it and working the body at 1300-2200 DEG F. to effect at least 50% reduction in cross-sectional area.  The recrystallization and working may be carried out in either order. For example, the body may be worked at 1300-1800 DEG F. recrystallized and further worked at 1800-2200 DEG F.
Patent GB-671550-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in clips for holding building boards on laths for forming ceilings, roof and wall linings and partitions
IPC: E04B9/24
Filed: 1949-12-30
Abstract: 671,550. Securing wall &c. linings. HAY, H. M. March 28, 1951 [Dec. 30, 1949], No. 33336/49. Class 20(iv) A clip of similar form to that described in Specification 629,843, for holding building boards against the flanges of a T-section supporting lath, consists of a metal plate b having in one margin b<SP>2</SP> a contracted mouthed slot c, the widened portion of which is adapted to, engage over a head a<SP>1</SP> formed along the web of the T-lath a<SP>2</SP> the opposite margin b<SP>1</SP> being bent over so as to seat on the top of the head a<SP>1</SP>, whilst margin b' is bent up to engage the underside of the bead- The clips are spaced along the T-supporting laths and are held against sliding by the clamping action of the margins b' and b<SP>2</SP> on the bead a . The edges of the boards d are are then pressed into position under the clips.
Patent GB-172960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic electro-magnetic cutouts or interrupters
IPC: H01H73/42
Filed: 1921-12-13
Abstract: 172,960. Kahn, L. Dec. 13, 1920, [Convention date]. A u tom a t i c circuitbreakers with overload release comprises fixed contacts p and a rotary bridging contact o, secured to an operating knob i, a spring q biassing the switch toward its open position. The switch is mounted on the outside of an insulating plug a in the form of a screw fuse-holder, within which is an electromagnetic overload release consisting of a solenoid b with core c, a light spring e being interposed between the fixed bobbin and a collar f at the end of the core c. The core is provided with a brass extension d which, when the core rises on overload overcoming the spring e, strikes one end of a spring-controlled detent h pivoted at g, releasing its upper end from a slot v in the switchoperating handle i, thus allowing the switch to open. The switch is latched in its " off " position by the detent h engaging a second slot r in the handle i, and in order to re-close the circuit, the holder a has to be unscrewed from its socket and the trigger n attached to the pull wire e has to be depressed. A melting fuse s is provided in a side channel of the holder a and interrupts the circuit if the electromagnetic overload release fails to operate.
Patent GB-323090-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to telephone systems
IPC: H04M9/00
Filed: 1928-11-15
Abstract: 323,090. Burnovox, Ltd., and Haynes, J. K. Nov. 15, 1928. Direct call systems.-In intercommunication systems having a pair of groups of lines running between all stations, the selecting switch at each station has two sets of contacts, the associated arms being connected respectively with the microphone and receiver, so that the microphone at the calling station may be connected in series with the receiver at the called station over a line wire in one group, the other microphone and receiver being connected in series over a line wire in the other group. Two systems are described, the first secret, and the second having conference facilities, and in the first system one particular station is limited to communication with one other station only. First system, Fig. 1. The home wires in each group a, b, are connected respectively to the switch-hook i and calling key q, and each station may be provided with loud-speaking and ordinary receivers p, o one or other of which may be connected up by a switch n. To call station 3, the selecting switch e, f of station 1 is placed on contacts 3, and ringing key q operated to complete a circuit over line b3 for the receiver o or p at station 1 and bell j at station 3 in series, ringing current being supplied by battery m. Ring-back tone is heard at station 1. The called party rotates his selecting switch until he hears a click, the receiver at station 1 having previously been taken off its hook. When the receiver at the station 3 has been removed and the ringing key at station 1 restored, independent circuits, fed by the batteries g, are completed for the microphone h at one station in series with the receiver at the other station, each circuit comprising a home wire in one group and a line wire in the other group. Station 4 has no call bell and can communicate with station 1 only, station 4 being called over its load-speaker p. Second system, Fig. 2. The circuits of Fig. 1 are modified for using a common ringing and speaking battery G, and each station is provided with a master switch s, t for connecting the microphone and receiver o or p to the switch arms e, f, the instruments being normally connected to the home lines. If the party at station 1 lifts his receiver off hook i, rotates switch e, f to contacts 3, and throws s, t, the speaking circuit from station 1 to station 3 is completed and the party at station 3 may be called over his loud-speaker. He may also be rung by pressing key q at station 1. The party at station 3 lifts his receiver to complete the speaking circuit from 3 to 1, operation of switch e, f at 3 being unnecessary. The party at another station can, in a similar manner, establish parallel circuits to station 3. The main control switch s, t may be locked in the operative position by a catch on the switch hook i, and may be connected to ringing key q so that normal operation of s, t does not operate q which however may be operated by a slight further movement of s, t.
Patent GB-505348-A (GB)
Title: Removable tabs for index cards
IPC: B42F19/00
Filed: 1938-11-18
Abstract: 505,348. Index tabs. MOIRET, A. Nov. 18, 1938, No. 33607. Convention date, Nov. 18, 1937. [Class 16] An index tab 1 for index cards has lateral tongues 2 adapted to be inserted into slots in a card, and immediately above each tongue 2 there is provided a further tongue 3 perpendicular thereto and adapted to pass over and grip the upper edge of the card when the tab is in position thereon.
Patent GB-188567-A (GB)
Title: A device for the prevention of mud splashes from motor cars and other vehicle wheels
IPC: B60B7/01
Filed: 1921-12-14
Abstract: 188,567. Colwell, G. Dec. 14, 1921. Mud-guards rotating with wheels.-A moulded rubber strip E of substantially triangular section is carried between the flanges G, H of a metal ring F which is bolted to the wheel. To prevent damage to the strip by curbs the ring F is formed with a rounded extension on its outer side. The device may be fitted on one or both sides of the wheel.
Patent GB-766736-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to silicone compositions
IPC: C08K5/101
Filed: 1954-11-22
Abstract: A composition, for use in cosmetic and dermatological preparations and for waterproofing masonry, comprises an organopolysiloxane dissolved in a C1-C3 alkyl C8-C14 alkanoate.  Esters specified are methyl, ethyl, propyl and isopropyl esters of octanoic (caprylic), nonanoic (pelargonic), decanoic (capric), hendecanoic (undecylic), dodecanoic (lauric), tridecanoic (tridecylic) and tetradecanic (myristic) acids.  Liquid siloxanes are generally used in the cosmetic preparations and resin-forming siloxanes, which can be further polymerized, e.g. at 300 DEG  to 450 DEG  F., are used for the treatment of hair and waterproofing masonry.  The compositions are generally used for cosmetic &c. purposes in conjunction with cosmetic ingredients, typical compositions being (by weight) 60 to 98 per cent alkyl alkanoate, 1 to 20 per cent organopolysiloxane and either 1 to 30 per cent mineral oil or 1 to 20 per cent petrolatum, lanolin, C8-C20 fatty acids and/or C8-C20 fatty alcohols, e.g. undecylenic and stearic acids, lauryl and stearyl alcohols and sesame oil.  Aqueous dispersions of the siloxane and alkanoate, in weight ratios of from 1:99 to 99:1, may also be made for coating masonry by using conventional wetting-agents.  Examples are given.ALSO:A composition, for use in cosmetic and dermatological preparations, comprises an organopolysiloxane dissolved in a C1 - C3 alkyl C8 - C14 alkanoate.  Esters specified are methyl, ethyl, propyl and isopropyl esters of octanoic (caprylic), nonanoic (pelargonic), decanoic (capric), hendecanoic (undecylic), dodecanoic (lauric), tridecanoic (tridecylic) and tetradecanoic (myristic) acids.  Liquid siloxanes are generally used in the cosmetic preparations and resin-forming siloxanes, which can be further polymerized e.g. at 300 DEG  to 450 DEG F., are used for the treatment of hair.  The compositions are generally used for cosmetic, &c. purposes in conjunction with cosmetic ingredients, typical compositions being (by weight) 60 to 98 per cent alkyl alkanoate, 1 to 20 per cent organpolysiloxane and either 1 to 30 per cent mineral oil or 1 to 20 per cent petrolatum, lanolin, C8 - C20 fatty acids and/or C8 - C20 fatty alcohols, e.g. undecylenic and stearic acids, lauryl and stearyl alcohols and sesame oil.  Examples are given, one of which (Ex. 7) includes a sun screening compound.
Patent GB-639283-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pulse amplitude analysers
Inventor: TITTERTON ERNEST WILLIAM
IPC: G01R29/02
Filed: 1947-12-20
Abstract: 639,283. Pulse discriminating circuits. MINISTER OF SUPPLY. Dec. 20, 1947, No. 33723. [Class 40 (vi)] In a pulse amplitude discriminator the input pulses deflect the beam in a cathode-ray tube to excite detector elements in the tube according to the amplitude of the input pulses. Fig. 1 shows a discriminator circuit for recording the amplitude of pulses derived from an ionization chamber. The input pulses are amplified and shaped in unit 1 and are applied to the vertical deflecting plates 8 of a C.R. tube 3. The horizontal deflecting plates 7 are biassed so that the beam falls upon one of a series of vertically stacked and insulated metal plates 12 in dependence upon the amplitude of the input pulses. Each element 12 is connected to an amplifier and counter 14 which records the number of pulses present in the input which fall between certain predetermined amplitude limits. With input pulses which have a long build-up time a sawtooth sweep voltage is applied to the horizontal deflection plates 7 and the standing bias adjusted so that the peak of the input pulse passes across that part of the C.R. tube in which the detector elements 12 are situated, Fig. 2 (not shown). In a further modification shown in Fig. 3, the detector elements are not used and the fluorescent screen 20 at the end of the C.R. tube has associated with it a number of verticallystacked light guides 23 which transmit the light from the screen to a series of multiplier type photo-cells 21 which are each associated with a counting circuit. To prevent pulses of border-line amplitude from exciting two adjacent counting channels simple amplitude discriminating or gating circuits may be used in the adjacent counting channels to prevent their recording unwanted pulses.
Patent GB-1402213-A (GB)
Title: Nuclear reactor
IPC: G21C1/00
Filed: 1973-07-16
Abstract: 1402213 Cooling nuclear reactors COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 16 July 1973 [8 Aug 1972] 33745/73 Heading G6C A reactor, e.g. a fast breeder cooled by liquid sodium, comprises an elbowed duct 23 having one branch 25 disposed in a primary tank 2, containing the reactor core 1, for receiving an input of coolant which has been heated in the core, and a second branch 24 opening into an annular space 19 between a heat-exchanger 10 and a surrounding shell 18 at the level of coolant inlets 13 to the heat-exchanger, the space 19 being connectable, by a pipe 20, to means whereby a pressure, lower than that of an inert gas blanket above the coolant in the primary tank 2 and surrounding main tank 3, can be created in the space initially to cause the coolant level within shell 18 to rise to that shown so that, in operation, heated coolant flows into the space 19 from tank 2 by a syphon effect in duct 23. A labyrinth seal is afforded between the heat exchanger 10 and the lower region of the shell 18, e.g. by means of flanges 22 extending from the heat-exchanger casing. Coolant is discharged from the heatexchanger via outlet windows 14 and is returned to the primary tank 2 by pumps. To destroy the syphoning effect, a gas under pressure is introduced into the space 19 via pipe 20 in order to lower the coolant level within shell 18.
Patent GB-969618-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing metal oxides
IPC: C01B13/22
Filed: 1960-10-03
Abstract: <PICT:0969618/C1/1> A process for the production of a finely divided oxide of a Group 3 or 4 metal (particularly titanium, but Si, Zr, Sn, Al, Hf, and Th are also mentioned) by the high-temperature oxidation of a volatile metal halide comprises introducing a stream of said volatile metal halide into a free-oxygen containing hot reaction zone and simultaneously introducing into said zone, in a direction substantially tangential to the perimeter of the metal halide stream, a stream of hot combustion gas produced by forming in an initial reaction zone an ignitable mixture of a fuel and oxygen and igniting said fuel in said initial reaction zone.  The fuel may be CO, natural gas, solid carbon, or sulphur chloride.  The oxygen for the reaction may be fed either with the halide or with the fuel.  A suitable apparatus for the reaction is illustrated in Fig. 1.  Vertical reactor 2 consists of an elongated steel column having a cover 4 and a floor 6, and is lined with firebrick 8. The reactor is provided near the top with a tangential port 10 which terminates at inner surface 3, the outer end of said port being connected to an external vortex burner 30 which forms the initial reaction zone where the fuel is ignited.  Combustion gases enter the reactor from tangential port 10 and spiral round the metal halide stream which enters axially through port 22.  Various additives may be added to the reaction space, e.g. metal chlorides, white metal oxides, chlorine, water, or aromatic organic compounds.
Patent GB-959305-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to seats for vehicles
IPC: B60N2/04
Filed: 1961-09-21
Abstract: 959,305. Seat mountings and adjustments. F. BRENDEL. Sept. 21, 1961 [Oct. 3, 1960], No. 33833/61. Headings A4J and A4U. A seat mounting comprises a base plate 1 and seat frame 2 having side walls 3, 4 and 5, 6 which are diagonally connected by parallel links 8, 8<SP>1</SP>, 9, 9<SP>1</SP>. A shock absorber comprising a cylinder and piston is externally mounted between the baseplate 1 and the seat frame 2. A spring 12 bears on the baseplate and at the top end in a U- shaped element 16, the height of which is adjustable by a screw-threaded bolt 15 to adjust the seat height. The arms of the element 16 have pins 17 which engage notches in bars 18, 19 fastened to the links 8, 9 so that the spring can be moved horizontally to vary the spring force.
Patent GB-953760-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of melamine
IPC: C07D/
Filed: 1961-09-21
Abstract: Melamine is made by heating urea, and/or its pyrolysis products, at ordinary pressure in the presence of a catalyst, in a first stage at 200-400 DEG C., in a stream of ammonia which is insufficient to carry off the resultant melamine, although the NH3/CO2 mixture formed by the reaction is swept out of the reaction zone, and in a second stage at 250-400 DEG C., in a more intensive stream of ammonia, sufficient to discharge the melamine from the catalyst, the melamine being separated as a sublimate by cooling the gas. Preferably the ammonia flow rate in the second stage is from 50 to 150 times greater than that of the first stage. Examples are given illustrating the invention using alumina and silica gel as catalysts, and also comparative experiments in which the process is carried out in one stage; in two stages without ammonia in the first stage:  and in two stages with nitrogen replacing ammonia in the first stage. Specifications 915,234 and 937,561 are referred to.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 767,344.