Patent GB-190418140-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Typesetting and Justifying Machines
Filed: 1904-08-22
Granted: 1905-11-22
Abstract: 18,140. Dow Composing Machine Co., and Dow, A. Aug. 22. . Type, setting; type.-Relates to a justifying- mechanism of the kind described in Specification No. 17,851, A.D. 1901, for use in connection with a type-setting or other machine. The mechanism is shown as applied to a setting-mechanism of the kind described in Specification No. 18,139, of even date. By means of keys, the type to form a line are set up in a stick, the words being separated by temporary or false spaces which are inserted by means of a space key. This key also actuates a series of dividing-plates which determine the size of the spaces necessary to justify the line. When the line has nearly reached the proper length, a line key is struck, which actuates the justifying- mechanism and transfers the type from the stick to a measuring-device. There, by means of the dividing-plates, the difference in length between the set line and the standard is determined, the difference is divided into as many parts as there are word spaces in the line, and the size of the spaces which will justify the line is determined. The line is then separated into words and a true space is ejected from the space case in front of each word except the first. As the line is separated into words, the false spaces are extracted as the end of each word arrives over a galley. The words are then assembled in line and forced down into the galley. The base 1 of the machine carries two uprights 2, between which are mounted the type cases 3. The type are carried by drivers along a raceway 4 to a central channel from which they pass down into a swinging stick 7 mounted on a shaft 8. The stick 7, a sectional plan of which is shown in Fig. 28, consists of a block 9 having a channel cut in one face in which are mounted two spring-pressed friction plates 10, one above the other. Secured to the block 9 is a block 800 having a channel in which are mounted two friction plates 801. A block 14, adjustably secured to the block 9, forms the other side of the type channel. At the upper end of the type channel, one on each side, are mounted two spring-pressed hooks which engage the back of the last type when a line has been pressed into the stick. Means are provided to ring a bell when the line is nearly complete. The hammer of the bell is connected with a plate mounted on two pivoted levers. The end of the plate-projects into the type channel, and, when it is struck by the lower end of the line of type, the bell is rung. The false spaces are ejected by depressing a key 51, Fig. 4, which raises a lock and releases a forcer 56 which is actuated by a cam on the driving-shaft 66. A pivoted lever 60, Fig. 5, carries a bolt 62 on which slides a collar. A vertical stud 59 has at its lower end an arm which engages a notch in the forcer 56, and at its upper end an arm 69 engaging the collar of the bolt 62. When the forcer is actuated, the collar is brought over a cam 65 on the shaft 66, which cam raises the lever 60 in order to actuate the dividing-plates. A part 68 of the cam, having an oblique edge, returns the collar to its normal position. When a line of type has been set in the stick, a line key 71, Fig. 4, is depressed to cause the line shaft 74 to be rotated through one revolution and then stopped. A pinion on the shaft 66 is connected by gear-wheels with a gear 79 loose on the shaft 74. A hub 80 on the shaft 74, Fig. 9. has at one end a disc 8 1 carrying a clutch bolt 82 which is pressed by a spring into engagement with a toothed wheel 83 fixed to the gear 79. A pivoted lever 93 carries a clutch block 95, which normally holds the bolt 82 clear of the wheel 83. On depressing the key 71, a rod 87 actuates a trip-lever 88 which releases the lever 93, and the latter is swung outwards by a spring 110 so that the bolt 82 escapes from the block 95 and engages the wheel 83. At the end of a revolution, a cam 114 on the hub 80 forces the lever 93 back into engagement with the trip-lever and causes the block 95 to raise the bolt 82. The type are depressed into the central channel by a depresser 839, Fig. 4, carried by a pivoted lever 126 which is actuated by the driving-shaft 66. In order to depress the line into the stick, a cam 129 on the line shaft 74 actuates a bell-crank lever 131, which lifts the end of the lever 126. The stick is then turned into a horizontal position by a rack which gears with a pinion on the shaft 8 carrying the stick ; the other end of the rack is attached to a pivoted lever which is actuated by a cam on the shaft 74. The line is then transferred from the stick to the line raceway by a blade actuated by a second lever and cam. The line raceway consists of two bars 157, 158, Fig. 40, between which the type pass. Theline is measured between a spring-pressed stop 165 and a calliper head 171, which reciprocates vertically in a calliper bar 169. The calliper head is lowered in order to measure the line, and is raised again to allow the type to pass it, by means of a pivoted plate 173 which engages a groove in it, and is connected by a lever with a cam on the shaft 74. The upper face of the bar 169 is provided with teeth which engage similar teeth in a block 186, by means of which the calliper head can be roughly adjusted for lines of various length. A pivot 196, secured to the calliper bar, is connected by an arm 195 to a shaft 197 which is rotated by a spring to bring the calliper head against the end of the line. The upper end of the shaft 197 carries an arm which actuates a gauge-block bar carrying at one end a gauge block 205, Fig. 68. When the gauge-block bar has been set in position by the calliper bar, it is locked by means of a block having teeth which engage with corresponding teeth on the bar. This block is moved by toggle-levers which are brought into action by a spring, the lock being released by a lever connected with a cam on the line shaft 74. A number of dividing-plates 245 which will justify lines containing from four to eighteen words are mounted in a carriage 240 which can be raised by means of racks and pinions on a shaft 253, Fig. 68. In the normal position of the carriage, the top-plate, which will justify lines of four words, is in position to be pushed against the gauge block. Fixed on the shaft 253 is a ratchet-wheel 254, Fig. 61, provided with a pawl, and mounted loose on the shaft is a second ratchet 260 to which is fixed a spur-wheel 261. This ratchet is provided with a holding-pawl and with a driving-pawl attached to a panel which is connected by a bell-crank lever with the lever 60, Fig. 5, actuated by the space key. On the ratchet-wheels 254, 260 are lugs which come into contact after the ratchet 260 has been advanced four steps by the space key. At the next depression of the space key, the ratchet 254 is advanced one step and the second dividing-plate is brought into position. Between the two ratchets is loosely mounted a ring 277 on which are three cam-surfaces. A notch in this ring is engaged by the end of a pivoted lever 286 which is rocked by a cam on the line shaft 74. The ring is thereby oscillated, and the cam-surfaces raise the pawls out of engagement with the ratchets to allow the plate-carriage to fall back to its initial position. A toothed segment 291, actuated by a spring, gears with the wheel 261 and returns the ratchet 260 to its initial position when the pawls are raised. A dash-pot is provided to allow the plate-carriage to fall without shock. The plate 245 which is in position to be moved forward is pushed against the gauge block 205 by an arm 301, Fig. 68, which projects into a notch formed in each of the plates. The other plates are prevented from moving by a rib 823 which engages notches in the plates and is cut away at the level of the arm 301 to allow one plate to be moved. The arm 301 is connected by a link 303 with a pivoted lever actuated by a cam on the line shaft. The word shaft 312, Fig. 1, which makes as many revolutions as there are words in the line, controls the mechanism for dividing the line into words and the subsequent operations. It is provided with a clutch, similar to that on the line shaft 74, which permits the word shaft to make several revolutions during the justifying of a line. The clutch lever is caused to unlock the clutch by a spring, and is withdrawn, to allow the clutch to lock, by a pivoted lever which is actuated by a cam on the line shaft. When the clutch is locked, a spring- actuated hook holds the clutch lever in its inoperative position. The loose member of the clutch is connected by toothed wheels with the driving- shaft 66. After the line has been measured and the calliper head raised, the back of the line is engaged by a hook which carries it through the raceway to the word-separating mechanism. The hook is carried by an arm which is pivoted to a rack-bar connected by toothed wheels with a second rack-bar driven by a lever and cam on the line shaft. A pin on the arm carrying the hook engages a curved slot so that the hook may pass round and engage the back of the line. The line is carried by the hook on to a spring-supported bridge 392, Fig. 40, near one end of which are located wards 342 which allow the type, but not the false spaces to pass. For this purpose, the type are provided with notches in their sides into which the wards enter, but the spaces are not notched. When a word and the false space following it have passed on to the bridge, the latter is pushed down by a depresser actuated by a cam on the word shaft, and the word is pushed by a word forcer into the word raceway 423. The word forcer 424 is a V-shaped piece which projects up on each side of the bridge 392. It is actuated through levers from a cam on the word shaft. A spring-pressed latch 435 near the end of the word raceway prevents the false space at the end of the word from being drawn back on the return of the word forcer The true spaces, which are of various sizes differing by À01 of an inch, are contained i