Patent GB-966827-A (GB)
Title: Anti-skid braking system
IPC: B60T8/74
Filed: 1963-01-01
Abstract: 966,827. Anti-skid braking systems. BENDIX CORPORATION. Jan. 1, 1963 [Jan. 2, 1962], No. 132/63. Heading F2F. An anti-skid braking system for a vehicle having a pneumatic pressure motor operated wheel brake comprises a pneumatic reservoir R, a decelaration sensing device D which is actuated by deceleration of a vehicle wheel greater than a predetermined value, and valve means which, on actuation of the deceleration device D, communicates the pressure motor with atmosphere and thereafter communicates the reservoir with the pressure motor, whereby the reservoir is caused to approach a pressure which will no longer produce skidding of the wheel. In one embodiment (as shown) depression of the pedal 24 causes vacuum to be communicated to the front side of a pressure motor 10 to produce an application of the front brakes by master cylinder A. Simultaneously the vacuum is transmitted through line 26 and a normally open valve seat 74 to the pressure motor 12 to actuate the rear wheel brakes by the master cylinder B. The valve seat 74 remains open as long as the rear wheels do not skid. Should a skid occur the deceleration sensing device D responds to close a switch 84 and thereby simultaneously energize an actuating coil 90 of the relay 92 and the solenoid 68 of a valve 42. Actuation of the relay 92 causes solenoids 82, 56 to be energized and to stay energized due to the holding solenoid 100. Solenoid 82 causes a poppet valve 76 to close the seat 74 to communicate its port 44 with the motor 12. The energization of the solenoid 68 causes poppet valve 64 to close seat 60 and open seat 62 to communicate atmosphere to the motor 12. The energization of solenoid 56 closes seat 52 to isolate the reservoir R from its supply. Airflow through the seats 62, 44 causes the motor 12 to release the rear wheel brakes whereupon the device D allows the switch 84 to open. At this time only the solenoid 68 is de-energized and this allows a coil spring 70 to force poppet valve 64 into engagement with seat 62 and open seat 60. This shuts off the atmosphere and communicates the motor 12 with the reservoir R. This again actuates the motor while at the same time reducing the vacuum in the reservoir R so that the rear wheel brakes will be actuated with a force which is less than that previously used. If the new application produces a skid the device D closes the switch 84 to energize the solenoid 68 to communicate the motor 12 with the atmosphere through seat 62. This will again release the rear wheel brakes and the cycle is continued until an application of the brakes does not produce a skid. Solenoids 82, 56 are deactuated by releasing the pedal 24 to open the switch 102 to break the circuit and de-energize the holding solenoid 100. The deceleration sensing device has a flywheel 104 mounted on a threaded end of a drive-shaft 116 by means of balls disposed in apertures in a bushing 112. The bushing and the flywheel are normally supported intermediate two pins 124, 122 provided on the shaft 116 by means of a lever 134 biased by a spring 132 against a bracket 138 secured to the flywheel. On acceleration or deceleration of the shaft 116 the flywheel and bushing screw themselves one way or the other along the shaft until abutment surfaces 126, 128 on the bushing engage the pins 122, 124 so as to respectively open or close the switch 84. A vehicle deceleration sensing weight 139 may be attached to the lever 134. In another embodiment a pendulum actuates a switch to energize the solenoids 56, 82 and a governor switch driven by the rear wheels energizes the solenoid 68. The pressure motors 10, 12 can be actuated by compressed air or vacuum with either vacuum or atmosphere suspended. As shown, the motors 10, 12 are of the atmosphere suspended type with the vacuum in motor 12 controlled but may be of the vacuum suspended type with the vacuum controlled. The valve in motor 10 may be actuated either directly by the pedal 24 or indirectly through a master cylinder circuit.