Patent GB-406151-A (GB)
Title: Process for converting phenolic bodies and low temperature tars into hydrocarbons
IPC: C10G47/12
Filed: 1933-04-25
Abstract: Phenolic bodies and low-temperature tars are converted into hydrocarbons by treating them with hydrogen under atmospheric or moderately elevated pressure, i.e. up to 20 kgs. per sq. cm., with the use of hydrogenating catalysts constituted by mixtures of reducible and non-reducible oxides of metals belonging to the third, fourth and sixth groups of the periodic table, and at temperatures ranging from 360 DEG  C. (for a pressure of 20 kgs. per sq. cm.) to 430 DEG  C. (for atmospheric pressure), i.e. such that they are below the lower limit for the conversion of the reducible oxides into metals in the conditions of operation while being clearly above the lower limit of hydrogenating action of the catalysts employed, the said catalysts being first activated by preliminary heating to 700 DEG  C. or above.  Suitable reducible oxides are those of molybdenum and tungsten, and suitable non-reducible oxides are alumina, zirconia, thoria and chromium oxide.  The catalysts may be regenerated by passing into the catalysis tube, for about two hours, a current of oxygen or air at 500 DEG  C.  In an example, phenolic oils and hydrogen are passed under a pressure of 10 kgs. per sq. cm. into the top of a steel tube filled with pumice stone or terra cotta rings covered with a mixture of equal parts of activated alumina and activated blue oxide of molybdenum and heated to 390 DEG --400 DEG C.  By cooling the gases evolved and by distilling the liquid collected in the lower part of the tube there is obtained a mixture of hydrocarbons consisting mainly of benzene and toluene.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the use of catalysts which have not been previously activated.  It also contains an additional example in which the medium oils from a low-temperature coal tar are treated as in the example given above, but using as catalyst a mixture of substantially equal parts of activated oxides of tungsten and molybdenum (W2O5 and Mo2O5), the temperature being 385 DEG --390 DEG  C. and the pressure 7.5 kgs. per sq. cm.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Hydrocarbons are manufactured by treating phenolic bodies or low-temperature tars with hydrogen under atmospheric or moderately elevated pressure, i.e. up to 20 kgs. per sq. cm., with the use of hydrogenating catalysts constituted by mixtures of reducible and nonreducible oxides of metals belonging to the third, fourth and sixth groups of the periodic table, and at temperatures ranging from 360 DEG  C. (for a pressure of 20 kgs. per sq. cm.) to 430 DEG  C. (for atmospheric pressure), i.e. such that they are below the lower limit for the conversion of the reducible oxides into metals in the conditions of operation while being clearly above the lower limit of hydrogenating action of the catalysts employed, the said catalysts being first activated by preliminary heating to 700 DEG  C. or above.  Suitable reducible oxides are those of molybdenum and tungsten, and suitable non-reducible oxides are alumina, zirconia, thoria and chromium oxide.  The catalysts may be regenerated by passing into the catalysis tube, for about two hours, a current of oxygen or air at 500 DEG  C.  In an example, phenolic oils and hydrogen are passed under a pressure of 10 kgs. per sq. cm. into the top of a steel tube filled with pumice stone or terra cotta rings covered with a mixture of equal parts of activated alumina and activated blue oxide of molybdenum and heated to 390 DEG --400 DEG C. By cooling the gases evolved and by distilling the liquid collected in the lower part of the tube there is obtained a mixture of hydrocarbons consisting mainly of benzene and toluene.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the use of catalysts which have not been previously activated.  It also contains an additional example in which the medium oils from a low-temperature coal tar are treated as in the example given above, but using as catalyst a mixture of substantially equal parts of activated oxides of tungsten and molybdenum (W2O5 and Mo2O5), the temperature being 385--390 DEG  C. and the pressure 7.5 kgs. per sq. cm.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.