baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1235216-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to letter plates
Inventor: LEGGE DAVID BRIAN
IPC: A47G29/126
Filed: 1969-01-23
Abstract: 1,235,216. Letter boxes. J. LEGGE & CO. Ltd. 1 Jan., 1970 [23 Jan., 1969], No. 3824/69. Heading A4T. A rectangular letter frame, e.g. a plastics moulding, has sloping top and bottom walls 12, 14 joined by side walls 28 surrounding a recess the base of which has the insertion slot 20 surrounded by a lip against which a hinged flap 26 rests, the hinge being formed by an arcuate flap.portion 29, e.g. of aluminium, received within a top frame channel 21 and embracing a rod 30, e.g. of nylon carried in apertures in the side walls, the rod being secured in an aperture at one end of the channel and also secured to the flap so that the rod acts as a torsion spring. The rod may be pretensioned and the channel 21 under-cut in its top wall to prevent rain seeping behind the flap and may be air-tight.
Patent GB-1022158-A (GB)
Title: Nuclear reactors having pressure tubes
IPC: G21C1/20
Filed: 1965-01-28
Abstract: 1,022,158. Reactors. SULZER BROS. Ltd. Jan. 28, 1965 [Jan. 28, 1964], No. 3880/65. Heading G6C. The moderator section of a nuclear reactor contains at least one pressure tube having one or two coolant inlet flow passages devoid of fissile material leading from one or both ends of the pressure tube to its mid-portion, and coolant outlet passages containing fuel leading from the mid-portion to both ends of the pressure tube. The invention results in lower maximum fuel temperatures for a given coolant outlet temperature since the coolant is at its coldest at the point of greatest heat generation. Thus, coolant enters the pressure tube 1 at 6, passes through transfer ports 11 and out via the tube 3 containing fuel elements 4; thermal insulation 5, e.g. graphite, reduces heat transfer to the incoming coolant. In a modification (Fig. 2, not shown) the single outlet tube 3 is replaced by two tubes which terminate short of each other at the mid-portion of the pressure tube, and a combined baffle and flow diverter is placed in the gap. In a further modification (Fig. 18, not shown) the two inlet tubes pass coaxially of the pressure tube from the ends to the centre; a small gap is left between the ends, and the coolant flows outwards from this gap through an annular zone containing fuel elements, defined by the inlet tubes and the pressure tube. A flow diverter and baffle may also be used in this form of construction. Also described is a coolant guide member which, instead of reversing each incoming flow at the centre, allows it to flow out in the same axial direction as it entered. The coolant may be gas and the moderator surrounding the pressure tubes may be graphite or heavy water.
Patent GB-190939-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in adjustable stays for doors, windows, fanlights and the like
IPC: E05C17/30
Filed: 1922-02-10
Abstract: 190,939. Schonfield, W. Feb. 10, 1922. Stays. - A telescopic stay for doors and windows has an automatically-acting friction grip h at one end of the tubular member a of the stay and a releasing device at the other end, these members being connected through a loose sleeve l. The friction grip is in the form of a split tapering bush h, which is forced by a spring i into engagement with the inner rod f and tubular member a forming the telescopic stay. The sleeve l extends beyond the member a at the other end so that it may be may be moved by operating the nut j to press the sleeve l against the locking bush h so that the stay members may be freely adjusted. The pressure of the spring i on the member h may be regulated by adjusting the position of the nut g engaging the screwed end of the outer stay member a.
Patent GB-1411061-A (GB)
Title: Method for the production of omega lactams and their precursors by formation and nitrosation of a cyclomethylene ketene-so2 adduct
IPC: C07C239/00
Filed: 1973-01-25
Abstract: 1411061 Omega lactams and precursors therefor SNIA VISCOSA SOC NAZIONALE INDUSTRIA APPLICAZIONI VISCOSA SpA 25 Jan 1973 [27 Jan 1972] 3916/73 Heading C2C A novel adduct of a cyclomethylene ketene and sulphur dioxide is prepared by reacting these two compounds preferably in solution in, for example, CCI 4 , cyclohexane, n-hexane or liquid SO 2 , and removing any excess SO 2 . The ketene is suitably cyclopentamethylene ketene, and the adduct may have the formula wherein n= 1 to 4. The adduct may be nitrosated and the nitroso compound so obtained may be converted into an omega-lactam or a precursor thereof, e.g. by heating to a temperature of from 20 C. to 100 C. Examples relate to the production of caprolactam.
Patent GB-566239-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of laminated sheet materials
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1943-03-10
Abstract: 566,239. Compound sheet materials. BRITISH CELLOPHANE, Ltd., and KING, A. E. March 10, 1943, No. 3924. [Class 140] Laminated material suitable for making bags, envelopes, seamed sheaths and tubes is made by uniting by means of an aqueous adhesive alternate dry and water-saturated, watersensitive non-fibrous films or sheets, with water-saturated films or sheets on both outside surfaces. The setting time of the adhesive is long enough to permit the dry films or sheets to expand fully on saturation with water absorbed from the adhesive and the other films. The films or sheets may be of regenerated cellulose, lowly esterified and/or etherified cellulose, albuminous material such as gelatine, or alginic films or sheets. The adhesive may comprise gelatine, casein, dextrin, gum arabic, sodium silicate, water-soluble sodium cellulose glycollate, urea-formaldehyde resin, rubber latex, or an aqueous emulsion of partly-polymerized methyl methacrylate. A softener such as glycerine and a preservative such as clove oil' or phenol may be added. Two outer water-saturated film webs and an inner dry film web may be led towards a pair of nip rollers where they are united, adhesive being sprayed on the outer webs in sufficient quantity to form a wedge with a side of 1-3 inches at the nip. The laminated web so produced is subsequently dried, e.g. by contact with heated rollers. The inner dry film web may be replaced by a number of spaced, parallel, narrow webs, separate sheets fed in by hand, or small pieces of regenerated cellulose of assorted colours in geometrical shapes or shapes of animals, persons, &c., which may be sprinkled by hand on an adhesive coated outer sheet or by means of a distributer as described in Specification 435,634, [Group XV]. One, some, or all of the non-fibrous films or sheets may be dyed, pigmented or sized, e.g. as described in Specification 386,775, [Group IV]. Specification 548,531 also is referred to.
Patent GB-778595-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to permanent magnet liquid level gauging rods
IPC: G01F23/04
Filed: 1956-02-08
Abstract: 778,595. Dip-sticks. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Feb. 8, 1956 [Feb. 11, 1955], No. 3941/56. Class 123 (1). A permanent magnet dip-stick 1 for gauging the oil level in a reservoir and which also serves to purify the oil by removing iron particles therefrom has a non-magnetic rod 2 at its lower end on to which is slipped a number of bored, cylindrical magnets 3 of brittle, e.g. ceramic, magnet material, washers 4 of soft magnetic material separating the permanent magnets which are arranged with like poles adjacent, the washers projecting slightly beyond the magnets to aid in protecting them from impact damage and to serve as oil level marks. Since the magnets 3 are of small length the rod 2 can if necessary be bent without damaging the brittle magnets.
Patent GB-166183-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to printing machines
IPC: B41F33/16
Filed: 1918-03-06
Abstract: 166,183. Mascord, G. W. March 6, 1918. Driving printing-machines; inking-apparatus; tripping-arrangements; drying-apparatus. - In electrically-driven machines for printing in intaglio, the main controller nf the driving-motor of the machine is adapted for the control in determined order of a number of separate circuits serving motors, solenoids, or other electric devices which automatically and directly effect the movement into or out of operative position of various elements of the machine when the latter is stopped, started, or slowed down. As shown in Fig. 1, the main controller f of the driving-motor is adapted also to close in succession the electric circuits 1 - - 5. Circuit 1 comprises a switch a<1> and solenoid h actuating a lever h<2> for effecting the opening or closing of the cock g of the pipe g<1> supplying the ink fountain. Circuit 2 includes a switch b<1> and solenoid i for moving a doctor blade i<3>, Fig. 10, out of contact with the surface of the intaglio printing cylinder i<4> against the action of a weight i<7> or spring, the core i<1> of the solenoid i being connected by a slotted link i<5> to the arm i<2> of the doctor-blade carrier. Circuits 3, 5 include switches c<1>, e<1> for a reversing-motor j adapted to raise or lower the ink fountain k, Fig. 5, the ink fountain being supported by threaded spindles k<1>, actuated by bevel-wheels k<2> on a shaft k<3> geared to the operating-motor j. Circuit 4 includes a switch d' and solenoid d<3> for effecting the separation from the web when the machine is stopped of heating or drying casings or pads, such as described in Specification 166,108. Other circuits may be provided including solenoids to operate racks engaging toothed wheels rigid with the eccentric bearings l<1>, Fig. 2. of the impression cylinder l for moving the latter into or out of contact with the intaglio printing-cylinder. Another circuit may be provided to cut off the supply of heated air directed against the surface of the intaglio printing cylinder, as described in Specification 166,167. Some or all of these circuits may be closed independently of the main controller by means of special such as the push buttons m<1>, m<2> for closing the circuits 3, 5 of the motor j for raising or lowering the ink fountain. Means operable by hand may be provided for effecting the movement of the various elements of the machine in addition to the electrically operating means. For example, the doctor blade i, Fig. 10, may be raised by the handle i<12>, the ink fountain raising gear may he operated by the hand-wheel k<5>, Fig. 1, and the impression cylinder may be moved into or out of contact with the intaglio cylinder by arms l<3>, Fig. 2, on the eccentric bearings l<1>.
Patent GB-690722-A (GB)
Title: Self levelling dispenser
IPC: B65G1/07
Filed: 1951-02-19
Abstract: 690,722. Self-levelling platforms. AMERICAN MACHINE & FOUNDRY CO. Feb. 19, 1951. [April 12, 1950] No. 3951/51. Class 78 (ii). A dispensing container comprises a carrier for the contents which moves upwardly as the contents are removed, the weight of the contents being balanced bv springs. The contents, such as cartons or bottles, are housed in an openwork frame divided into guideways for each stack of cartons by vertical rods 66 passing through the mesh carrier 10. The carrier is connected by chains 30 to the springs 46 which are extended as the container is filled and the carrier 10 lowered. In an alternative form (not shown) compression springs may be used. Specification 530,590 is referred to.
Patent GB-663224-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to permanent magnets
IPC: G01R11/10
Filed: 1949-02-14
Abstract: 663,224. Magnets. BOHLI, J. Feb. 14, 1949 [Feb. 20, 1948], No. 3980/49. Class 35. In order to reduce as much as possible the leakage flux a permanent magnet structure, e.g. for electrical instruments, comprises two magnetic flat plates 2, 3 with their broad surfaces opposite one another and parallel to each other and separated by an air gap 4. The plates 2, 3 are longitudinally magnetized and are so disposed within a non-magnetic U-shaped holder 1 that the poles at the ends of one plate are of opposite polarity to those of the correspondingly opposite ends of the other. The magnets 2, 3 are fastened to the inner surfaces of the support by a metal binding medium which is at least semi-fluid when applied and is heat resistant when solidified.
Patent GB-935017-A (GB)
Title: Compound transistor
IPC: H01L27/06
Filed: 1961-02-02
Abstract: 935,017. Semi-conductor devices. PACIFIC SEMICONDUCTORS Inc. Feb. 2, 1961 [Feb. 8, 1960], No. 3990/61. Class 37. A semi-conductor device designed to be electrically equivalent to the circuit shown in Fig. 1, comprises a common collector. A base in two portions each making a junction with the common collector, an emitter in each base portion and a short circuit between one emitter and the other base portion. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the collector 29 is of silicon made N type by arsenic doping with an N-layer 30 produced by phosphorous doping. The base region 31 is of made P- type by boron diffusion and the N-type emitters 35, 36 are made by diffusion of phosphorus into the base region. Emitter 36 is joined directly to the adjacent base region by a metallic strip 45 which overlies both. This constitutes the connection 26 of Fig. 1. Further metal strips 40, 41 and 42 provide respectively the input connection to the first emitter 35 (15 of Fig. 1) to the base region 21 (22 of Fig. 1) and to the common collector (26 of Fig. 1). The metal strip may be co-deposited gold and nickel. In a modification (Fig. 4, not shown), four emitter regions are provided two of which are short-circuited to the adjacent base region. Fig. 5 shows an arrangement similar to that of Figs. 2 and 3, but cut off to a triangular shape so as to give a small high resistance input transistor and a low resistance output one. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 6 a common collector carries two base regions 103, 104 on top of which are supported emitters 101, 102, base 103 being connected to emitter 102.
Patent GB-451660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellulose esters
IPC: C08B3/08
Filed: 1935-02-07
Abstract: Cellulose esters are manufactured on the two stage principle by pretreatment in a known manner followed by esterification of the pretreated mass in suspension in a diluent, the diluent consisting of or containing as its main constituent an ester formed from an aliphatic alcohol and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and containing from 4--8 carbon atoms--but not including ethyl acetate.  Preferably the aliphatic ester corresponds to the same acid as the cellulose ester to be produced.  For making mixed esters, the anhydride corresponding to the lower acid radicle is employed with an ester corresponding to the higher acid radicle, the ester acting as auxiliary esterifier (in the presence of the anhydride) and diluent, or a mixture of esters may be employed, the one with the lower acid radicle acting as diluent and the other (in the presence of acid anhydride) as an auxiliary esterifier.  Thus to make a cellulose ester containing acetyl and propionyl radicles acetic anhydride may be used with a mixture of ethyl propionate and propyl acetate.  The esters should dissolve substantially none of the product. Esterification preferably starts at a low temperature, about 0 DEG C. 2\ba1/2\be--5 parts of esterifying agent and 5--10 parts of ester are employed per portion of cellulosic material.  In an example 100 parts of normally dry cotton linters are pretreated with 1,500 parts of acetic acid (97,5 per cent) containing 0,25 per cent H2SO4 for 24 hours at 25--27 DEG  C.  The linters were drained and pressed to contain 100 parts of acetic acid.  A mixture of 550 parts of acetic anhydride and 800 parts of isopropyl acetate cooled to -5 DEG  C. were added and the mass kept below 5 DEG  C. for 4 hours.  The temperature then rose to 30 DEG  C. during 6 hours and remained there for 24 hours.  The product was then chloroform-soluble.  The acetylating liquid was replaced with iso-propyl acetate which was in turn replaced with water.  The resulting product was steamed, washed and boiled with water and stabilized e.g. by boiling with weak sodium sulphate solution. The product was chloroform-soluble.  In another example n-propyl acetate was used as diluent.  A third example describes production of cellulose propionate, using propionic anhydride and propyl propionate as diluent.  A mixed cellulose acetate-propionate may be made using acetic anhydride and propyl propionate or butyl propionate as diluent.
Patent GB-161386-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to furnaces for heating crucibles employed for melting or heating metals and/or other materials
IPC: F27B14/14
Filed: 1920-02-11
Abstract: 161,386. Crosthwaite Engineering & Furnace Co., Ltd., and Crosthwaite, J. W. Feb. 11, 1920. Grates.-A crucible or like furnace is built up of a number of superposed horizontal elements o similar to the fire-bars described in Specification 21514*/00, the structure when complete comprising vertical air supply passages r communicating with a number of fan-tail slits q<1> delivering into the mass of fuel around the crucible &c. The structure is carried by tubular supports h registering with the passages r and with apertures g in a hollow base f communicating with an air supply e. The upper ends of the passages rare closed by stoppers x formed with a depending semi-circular flange y adapted, when the stopper is suitably turned, to close a number of the upper slits wholly or in part. The bottom element o<1> has a sloping inwardly projecting flange p<1>. The crucible support l of firebrick is fitted in a carrier m movable between guides n.
Patent GB-1061641-A (GB)
Title: Coating compositions based on alkyd resins
Inventor: O'NEILL LEONARD ALFRED
IPC: C08L67/06
Filed: 1963-02-01
Abstract: A coating composition comprises an aq. alkali solution of an alkyd resin derived from a polybasic carboxylic acid, and containing at least one alkyl ether or methalkyl ether group per polyhydric alcohol residue.  The resin may be prepared from an allyl or methallyl ether containing at least two free OH groups and a polybasic carboxylic acid or anhydride.  Ethers specified are the monoallyl ethers of glycerol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane and pentaerythritol, the diallyl ether of pentaerythritol and the mono-, di-, tri- and tetraallyl ethers of sorbitol and dipentaerythritol. They may be prepared from the sodio derivative of the alcohol and excess allyl bromide or chloride.  Acids specified are ortho-, iso- and terephthalic, adipic, trimeric, trimellitic, tetrahydrophthalic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric and adducts of the latter two with other unsaturated acids.  Polyols which may be present during the reaction are: mono- and di-ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylol ethane and propane, sorbitol, mono- and di-pentaerythritol and neopentylene glycol.  Monocarboxylic acid may also be present.  These may be saturated linear of 10-18 carbon atoms, unsaturated, aromatic or hydroxysubstituted, e.g. oleic, linoleic, linolenic, ricinoleic, benzoic, substituted benzoic or mixtures derived from drying oils.  Monohydric alcohols may be present, e.g. butyl, capryl or lauryl.  Xylol may be added to permit azeotropic distillation. The resin may be neutralized with aqueous alkali to give a lacquer.  Alkalis specified are NaOH, NH3, NEt3, NMe3, and dimethylethanolamine The lacquer may contain 0.05-0.25% of a drier, e.g. cobalt acetate, a pigment, e.g. TiO2, and an emulsion of a polymer or copolymer of an acrylate, a methacrylate styrene or vinyl acetate.  It may be stoved at up to 120 DEG  C.  In Example 12 the alkyd polyallyl ether is mixed with aq. NMe3, a cobalt dried, TiO2 and either polyvinyl acetate, a butyl acrylate / methacrylate copolymer, a vinyl acetate/2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer or a styrene/butadiene copolymer.
Patent GB-716992-A (GB)
Title: A control system and means for igniting liquid fuel, particularly in a jet propulsion unit
Inventor: TROWBRIDGE DAVID ROY
IPC: F02C7/272
Filed: 1952-02-20
Abstract: 716,992. Gas turbine plant. PLESSEY CO., Ltd. Feb. 16. 1953 [Feb. 20, 1952], No. 4436/52. Class 110(3) [Also in Group XI] A control and ignition system for liquid fuel particularly for a gas turbine of a jet propulsion unit, comprises a pump 5 operated by the closing of an electrical circuit to circulate liquid fuel from a supply, e.g. a tank 6, through a by-pass circuit back to the supply, means, e.g. a switch 4, actuated by the pressure of the circulating liquid fuel for actuating a breech mechanism 9 to fire a cartridge and means, e.g. a switch 11, responsive to the pressure of gas generated by the firing of the cartridge for operating a by-pass valve 8 to divert fuel from the by-pass circuit into a combustion chamber 10 to be ignited by the hot gases generated by the fired cartridge. The system is energized by closing a push button switch 2 when current -flows from a battery through contacts A of a control unit 1 and contacts E, F and solenoid Y of a relay 3, which closes contacts G, H. and J and subsequently opens contacts E, F. A relay holding circuit is then established through contacts A, contacts C, B of the pressure switch 4. contacts G, H, and the solenoid Y. The electrically driven fuel pump 5 is started when the contacts J close and circulates fuel 'from and to the tank 6 through the by-pass valve 8. The switch 4 is then actuated by the fuel pressure to open contacts B, C and close contacts C, D which completes a circuit via contacts A and C, D to fire a cartridge in the breech 9. The relay 3 is not deenergized immediately when the contacts C, B open since it has a condenser 13 in parallel with the solenoid Y, or is of the " slug " type, or incorporates another time delay device. The hot cartridge gases are fed into the combustion chamber 10 past the switch 11 which is actuated by the gas pressure to close contacts K, L. Current then passes through contacts A, K to actuate the solenoid valve 8 so that fuel is diverted past a non-return valve 12 into the combustion chamber 10 to be ignited. Current also passes through the contacts A, L, H, G, and solenoid Y to maintain the relay 3 energized, but this circuit is not established if the cartridge fails to fire when the relay 3' becomes de-energized after a pre-determined period to shut down the system. Similarly if the fuel fails to ignite after the cartridge has finished burning the switch 11 is actuated to break the contacts K, L and close down the system. Normally the system is closed down by opening the contacts A when the gas turbine reaches a predetermined speed.
Patent GB-469308-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in centrifugal separators
IPC: B04B1/12
Filed: 1937-02-15
Abstract: 469,308. Centrifugal machines. AKTIEBOLAGET SEPARATOR. Feb. 15, 1937, No. 4443. Convention date, Feb. 15, 1936. [Class 23] The bowl 1 of a centrifugal separator has peripheral outlets 4 for the discharge of sludge brought to the outlets by a mechanical conveyer 3 rotated relatively to the bowl by a disc 14 fixed to a shaft positioned in the bowl. The radial distance between the outer edges of the disc pack 2 and the outlets 4 is greater than three-tenths of the distance of the outlets from the bowl axis and no appreciable re-mixing of the separated solids with the supplied liquid takes place. The distance between the disc pack and the inner edge of the conveyer is greater than one-fifth of the distance between the bowl axis and the inner edges of the conveyer, and is large enough to permit a uniform distribution of the liquid over the disc pack. The liquid is supplied through the channel 6 to the outer edges of the discs, or it may pass from the channel 6 through holes 7, 8 to channels 10, 11 formed by holes in the discs. The parts 12, 13 of the bowl wall at the end of the sludge space are inclined so that the sludge slips towards the conveyer 3.