baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20170109178-A (KR)
Title: Method of detecting a misperception section in speech recognition on natural language
Inventor: OH YOO RHEE
IPC: G10L15/32
Filed: 2016-03-18
Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting a misrecognized section in a natural language voice recognition comprises the following steps: extracting a characteristic vector from voice input from outside; performing a first viterbi decoding by using a sound model and a language model with respect to the characteristic vector; performing a second viterbi decoding by using the sound model and the language model with respect to the characteristic vector; and comparing a first string obtained according to the first viterbi decoding and first time information, and a second string obtained according to the second viterbi decoding and second time information. A weight for the language model at a time of performing the second viterbi decoding can be zero.
Patent KR-20170109748-A (KR)
Title: 사용이 편리한 맞춤형 클린랩
Inventor: LEE DO HYEON
IPC: B65D85/67
Filed: 2016-03-22
Abstract: 본 발명은 클린랩에 관한 것이다. 상세하게는 원의 형태 또는 삼각형, 사각형 등 다각형 모양의 밑면을 가진 속이 텅비어 있는 케이스 안에 한쪽 면만 마이크로 구를 발라 접착성이 존재하고 그 중에서 반은 랩의 두께와 비슷하거나 얇은 두께의 종이가 붙어있는 사용하기가 편리한 클린랩에 관한 것이다. 
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로 정전기나 양면 접착제로 인해 손에 달라붙는 것과 철과 같은 금속 날로 인해 손과 같은 신체부위가 다치는 것을 막기 위한 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 발명은 한쪽 면에만 포스트잇에 사용되는 마이크로 구를 사용하여 손에 달라붙음을 최소화하였고 원의 형태 또는 삼각형, 사각형 등 다각형으로 여러 가지 종류의 그릇 모양에 맞도록 하여 사용하기 편리하고 잘 붙도록 하였다. 그리고 다양한 크기 및 형태를 가지며, 이것을 하나 또는 그 이상의 종류로 세트를 이루도록 하여 철과 같은 날카로운 금속으로 된 날이 불필요 하도록 하여 사용시에 손이 다치지 않고 안전하게 사용할 수 있도록 하였다.
Patent KR-20170111141-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM YOUNG MIN
IPC: H01S3/094
Filed: 2016-03-25
Abstract: 초음파 소자를 이용한 스페클 저감 방법 및 이를 적용한 레이저 광원 시스템이 제공된다. 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 레이저 광원 시스템은, 레이저를 조사하는 레이저 광원과 초음파를 생성하여 레이저의 조사 경로에 방사하는 초음파 소자를 포함한다. 이에 의해, 초음파 소자를 레이저의 광경로에 조사함으로써, 레이저의 광량은 그대로 유지하면서 기계적인 움직임 없이도 레이저의 스페클을 저감시킬 수 있게 된다.
Patent KR-20170111364-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK BYUNG KYU
IPC: A47J31/56
Filed: 2016-03-28
Abstract: 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 걸이형 요리정보 제공기기는, 걸이형 요리정보 제공기기는, 수위 센서를 포함하고, 조리용기에 걸수 있는 클립(clip)부, 조리용기의 일측면에 접촉하여 온도를 측정하는 온도 센서를 포함하는 접촉부, 및, 수위 센서에서 센싱된 수위 정보, 온도 센서에서 센싱된 온도 정보, 물끊임 알림 정보, 요리 경과 시간 정보, 또는 요리 잔여 시간 정보 중 적어도 하나를 외부 기기로 무선 전송하는 무선 통신 모듈을 포함하는 본체부를 포함할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20170112330-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM GYU YEOL
IPC: H05B37/02
Filed: 2016-03-31
Abstract: 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따르면 발광다이오드를 이용한 보온등이 제공된다.  본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 보온등은, 발광다이오드가 실장되는 PCB 패널과 발광다이오드의 발광 과정에서 발생하는 열을 외부로 방출하기 위한 방열판이 적층된 베이스 플레이트와, 베이스 플레이트의 PCB 패널에 실장되는 발광다이오드와, 발광다이오드의 전방에 장착되어 발광다이오드에서 발생된 빛을 집광 및 집열하는 포커싱 커버와, 교류 전원을 직류 전원으로 변환하여 출력하는 컨버터를 포함하며, 컨버터는 입력되는 교류 전원보다 낮은 전압 및 전류를 갖는 직류 전원을 출력하도록 구성될 수 있다.
Patent KR-20170116799-A (KR)
Title: 배터리 충전기 및 배터리 팩
Inventor: KIM MIN
IPC: H01M2/10
Filed: 2016-04-12
Abstract: 제1 면을 포함하는 지지부, 상기 제1 바디의 제1 면의 일측에서 돌출된 연결부 및 상기 연결부에서 상기 지지부의 제1면과 평행하게 연장되는 고정부를 포함하는 하우징; 상기 하우징의 연결부에서 돌출된 복수 개의 전원공급단자; 상기 전원공급단자와 이격되어 상기 하우징의 연결부에서 돌출된 복수 개의 식별 스위치; 및 상기 식별 스위치가 생성한 신호에 따라 상기 전원공급단자에서 공급하는 전원을 제어하는 제어부를 포함하는 배터리 충전기는 본 발명에 따른 배터리 충전기는 다양한 타입의 배터리를 충전할 수 있는 범용성이 있어 단말기마다 배터리 충전기를 제공 또는 별도로 구매해야 하는 문제를 해소할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20170126760-A (KR)
Inventor: KANG HYUNG JOO
IPC: G02B7/02
Filed: 2016-05-10
Abstract: The present invention relates to an autofocus control device of a camera module including a voice coil motor actuator, and a method thereof. The camera module comprises: a fixing part with a through hole; a moving part including at least one lens, and linearly moved within the through hole of the fixing part; a moving coil surrounding an outer surface of the moving part; and a fixing coil located at the fixing part, and receiving current or voltage varied depending on a distance from the moving coil from the moving coil. The moving coil is electrically connected to a first wire and a second wire, and receives driving current or driving voltage. The fixing coil is electrically connected to a third wire and a fourth wire, and can output the current or the voltage received from the moving coil.
Patent KR-20170127949-A (KR)
Title: 키친 랩 포장상자용 커터 부착기의 초음파 접착장치
Inventor: LEE JUNG HO
IPC: B26B27/00
Filed: 2016-05-13
Abstract: 본 발명은 키친 랩 포장상자에 커터를 부착하는 키친 랩 포장상자용 커터 부착기의 초음파 접착장치에 관한 것으로서, 좀더 상세하게는 작업 다이(10) 중앙에 커터(4)를 타발 성형하는 커터 성형부(20)와, 상기 커터(4)를 포장용지(3)에 초음파 접착하는 초음파 접착부(30)를 상하로 구성하여 커터의 타발 성형 및 커터를 포장용지에 초음파 접착하는 과정을 동시에 자동 수행하므로 작업성, 생산성을 종래보다 월등히 우수하게 제공하는데 그 특징이 있다.
Patent KR-20170130929-A (KR)
Inventor: MUN SUNG YEOB
IPC: D01F8/12
Filed: 2016-05-20
Abstract: A method for manufacturing a fabric with a complex function according to the present invention comprises the following processes: (i) weaving multiple-faced fabric using solid phase polymerized synthetic fiber multifilaments with 5-100 denier as weft and yarn; and (ii) dying the woven multiple-faced fabric without tension. The multiple-faced fabric with a complex function can effectively prevent down filler from getting out when being used as a fabric for manufacturing a down jacket due to low air permeability, has excellent hardness and durability and can secure excellent heat reservance, touch senses and bathochromic properties. Accordingly, the multiple-faced fabric with a complex function is useful as a fabric for manufacturing a down jacket, a tent, a sleeping bag and a backpack (bag).
Patent KR-20170135181-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM BYOUNG SOO
IPC: G06Q50/20
Filed: 2016-05-30
Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention relates to a keyword cloud operating system for a learning program, which comprises: a learner terminal used by a learner, displaying a subject selected by a lecturer, providing a learner keyword activity window which is a screen window inputted with one or more keywords related to the subject, and transmitting a keyword by each subject inputted to the learner keyword activity window to a learning program management server; a lecturer terminal used by the lecturer, receiving the subject selected by the lecturer to transmit the same to the learning program management server, receiving the keyword by each subject inputted by each learner from the learning program management server, and displaying a lecturer keyword activity window which is a screen window for displaying the keyword by each subject; and a learning program management server for receiving the subject from the lecturer terminal to transmit the same to the learner terminal, receiving the keyword by each subject received from the learner terminal, and transmitting the same to the lecturer terminal.
Patent KR-20170137487-A (KR)
Inventor: CHOI KYU DONG
IPC: A61M37/00
Filed: 2016-06-03
Abstract: The present invention relates to a patch attaching material for preventing diabetic complications. The patch attaching material (100) for preventing diabetic complications comprises: a body (110); at least one patch combination part (120) formed in the upper part of the body (110), and detachably combined with a patch (130) filled with medicines; and a combination part (140) combined with an outer part of the body (110), and formed to enable the body (110) to be fixed to a human body.
Patent KR-20170069897-A (KR)
Inventor: DURRANI NAVID
IPC: F25J1/00
Filed: 2016-06-10
Abstract: 본 발명은 냉매 순환계 내 냉매-오일 혼합물의 오일을 분리하고 상기 오일을 냉각하기 위한 그리고 냉매를 냉각 및/또는 액화하기 위한 장치(1, 1')에 관한 것이다.  상기 냉매 순환계는 압축기와 냉매의 유동 방향으로 상기 압축기 다음에 배치된 열교환기(2), 오일 분리 장치(3, 3') 그리고 분리된 오일을 냉각하기 위한 열교환기를 구비한다.  상기 열교환기(2)는 냉매를 냉각 및/또는 액화하기 위한 제 1 영역(7)과 오일을 냉각하기 위한 열교환기로서 제 2 영역(8)을 구비하며, 이 경우 오일을 냉각하기 위한 상기 제 2 영역(8)은 상기 열교환기(2)의 내장 부품으로서 형성되어 있다.  상기 열교환기(2)는 적어도 2개의 컬렉터 관(4, 6)을 갖는다.  상기 열교환기(2)의 제 1 영역(7)은 냉매를 안내하기 위한 유동 채널들을 갖고, 상기 열교환기(2)의 제 2 영역(8)은 오일을 안내하기 위한 유동 채널들을 갖는다.  이 경우 상기 유동 채널들은 상기 컬렉터 관(4, 6)들 사이에서 연장된다.  외면에서 상기 유동 채널들은 각각 열을 흡수하는 유체에 의해 관류된다.
Patent KR-20160076499-A (KR)
Title: Porous ceramic having double layer pore structure and method of manufacturing the same
Inventor: SONG IN HYUCK
IPC: C04B38/00
Filed: 2016-06-10
Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are porous ceramic having a double layer pore structure, and a manufacturing method thereof. The porous ceramic is manufactured by mixing ceramic powder having a high specific gravity with a polymer hollow pore forming agent having a low specific gravity, and has a layer structure divided into a compact layer having suppressed pores and a porous layer formed by being integrally laminated on the compact layer. The porous ceramic having a double layer pore structure is porous ceramic manufactured by mixing ceramic powder having a first density with a polymer hollow pore forming agent having a second density lower than the first density. The porous ceramic having a double layer pore structure comprises: a compact layer having suppressed pores; and a porous layer having a layer structure formed by being integrally laminated on the compact layer, and having a porosity of 50 to 80% induced by spherical pores.
Patent KR-20170142391-A (KR)
Inventor: FAN JINGSHUN
IPC: A61K36/725
Filed: 2016-06-17
Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a Maca ointment comprising: 15-30 parts by weight of Maca; 12-22 parts by weight of Schisandra chinensis; 12-30 parts by weight of American ginseng; 12-18 parts by weight of donkey-hide gelatin; 11-16 parts by weight of red dates; 11-18 parts by weight of black pepper; 10.5-18 parts by weight of Chrysanthemum; 18-30 parts by weight of a leek seed extract; and 13-20 parts by weight of honey. The Maca ointment of the present invention is effective for symptoms related to sterility, fatigue and bone health.
Patent KR-20180000026-A (KR)
Inventor: SONG JI SUNG
IPC: G06T7/20
Filed: 2016-06-21
Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining an emotion using a feature point. According to an aspect of the present invention, the method for determining an emotion using a feature point comprises: a feature point generation step of generating a plurality of feature points on a screen where a face is photographed; a figure generation step of generating a plurality of emotion figures by connecting the feature points; a feature point measurement step of measuring an initial point and a change of the feature point; an emotion figure measurement step of measuring an initial shape and a change of the emotion figure; a determination step of determining an emotion based on the change of the emotion figure; and a notification step of notifying an emotion type determined in the determination step.
Patent KR-20180003097-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE HO WON
IPC: B60W50/14
Filed: 2016-06-30
Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for estimating a driving route. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for estimating a driving route comprises: a first driving route estimation portion for estimating a first driving route of a vehicle through information of an object measured in a radar sensor provided in the vehicle, and status information of the vehicle; a second driving route estimation portion for estimating a second driving route of the vehicle through image information filmed in an image sensor provided in the vehicle; and a driving route synthesizing portion for calculating a synthesis weighted value according to a driving environment of the vehicle, and synthesizing the first driving route and the second driving route by applying the synthesis weighted value, thereby capable of improving preciseness of driving route estimation.
Patent KR-20170007140-A (KR)
Inventor: YUN HYUN WOONG
IPC: H01M4/133
Filed: 2016-07-05
Abstract: 본 발명은 다른 형상 및 물성을 가지는 다종의 흑연을 포함하는, 고용량 특성 및 사이클 특성이 우수한 고밀도화가 용이한 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 음극 활물질층을 갖는 음극 및 이를 사용한 리튬 이차전지에 관한 것이다. 이에 따른 음극 활물질은 압연성이 우수하여 상대적으로 낮은 압력에서도 고밀도화된 음극 활물질층을 형성할 수 있어 집전체의 변형이나 파단을 일으키지 않고, 상기 음극 활물질에 포함되는 각 흑연의 찌부러짐이나 배향이 억제될 수 있어 전해액의 침투성이 향상될 수 있어 리튬 이온의 확산성이 개선되는 효과가 있다.  따라서, 본 발명에 따른 리튬 이차전지는 상기의 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극을 사용함으로써 체적당 방전 용량이 높고, 충방전성 및 사이클 특성이 우수할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20180005457-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM MIN KYUNG
IPC: H01M10/052
Filed: 2016-07-06
Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the secondary battery comprises: an electrode assembly including a positive electrode plate having a plurality of positive electrode projection grooves into which a positive electrode active material is inserted, a negative electrode plate having a plurality of negative electrode projection grooves into which a negative electrode active material is inserted while facing the positive electrode projection groove, and a plurality of unit electrode bodies having a unit separation membrane interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate; and a case having an accommodation part where the electrode assembly and an electrolyte are accommodated. The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are symmetrical to each other based on the unit separation membrane.
Patent KR-20180009491-A (KR)
Inventor: IM CHUN MAN
IPC: E04H3/08
Filed: 2016-07-19
Abstract: According to the present invention, standardized industrialized block units are produced in a smart plant so as to be instantly supplied to customers. By completing assembly of the industrialized standard block unit that is cost-effective and inexpensive, the present invention is able to provide welfare benefits to disadvantaged people, college students, newlyweds, people with disabilities, elder people, and frugal people by providing a completed assembly of the block unit in advance. Furthermore, the block unit can be used in constructing buildings all around the world, and the smart plant can be built in a local plate, thereby capable of exporting and local selling urban housing condominium apartments assembled with the block unit and fastened with a bolt.
Patent KR-20180011630-A (KR)
Inventor: RYU JAE UK
IPC: H01M2/10
Filed: 2016-07-25
Abstract: The present invention provides a bus bar assembly which can facilitate cooling efficiency increase of an electrode terminal part and venting of the electrode terminal part in a cylindrical type battery cell due to a mesh structure of a network, and a battery pack including the same. The bus bar assembly comprises: a first bus bar array in which a plurality of linear wires are arranged and separated from each other; and a second bus bar array in which a plurality of linear wires are arranged and separated from each other. The first bus bar array and the second bus bar array are overlapped with each other to form a mesh. The battery cells are connected in such a manner that the electrode terminals of the battery cells are in contact with the mesh.
Patent KR-20180015311-A (KR)
Inventor: SEO SUNG IL
IPC: B60D1/00
Filed: 2016-08-02
Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle upper body connection structure for a mountain railway vehicle, and more particularly, to a vehicle upper body connection structure for a mountain railway vehicle capable of being stably run by allowing a front vehicle and a rear vehicle to turn in the horizontal direction, the longitudinal direction or the twisting direction when a mountain railway vehicle turns, runs on an inclination, or turns while running on the inclination. To this end, the present invention includes: first and second fixing members provided on an end portion of a front vehicle; a third fixing member provided on an end portion of a rear vehicle; a first actuator connecting the first fixing member and the third fixing member; and a second actuator connecting the second fixing member and the third fixing member.
Patent KR-20180015435-A (KR)
Inventor: SONG CHANG SEOP
IPC: A43B13/20
Filed: 2016-08-03
Abstract: The present invention relates to an air pump transforming shoe which adjusts the height of a forefoot and a heel of a user using an air pump to allow the entire area of a foot to be used to prevent accumulation of fatigue on a leg of the user, such that an existing problem, in which a pressure is applied on an ankle or calf muscles are cramped, and a knee cartilage is strained when the user walks up and down a ramp, is solved. A hiking boot of the present invention comprises: a shoe sole part for forming a shoe sole; a shoe body for forming a shoe body; a forefoot tube for adjusting the height of a forefoot of the shoe sole; a heel tube for adjusting the height of a heel of the shoe sole; an air pump for supplying air to the forefoot tube and the heel tube by a tactile force of a walking process; and a pressure switch valve for selectively supplying the air of the air pump to the forefoot tube and the heel tube in accordance with a walking condition. Therefore, the present invention adjusts the height of the forefoot and the heel of the user using the air pump to allow the entire area of the foot to be used to prevent accumulation of fatigue on the leg of the user, such that the existing problem, in which a pressure is applied on the ankle or the calf muscles are cramped, and the knee cartilage is strained when the user walks up and down a ramp, is solved.
Patent KR-20180017388-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK KYUNG WAN
IPC: G06F3/044
Filed: 2016-08-09
Abstract: According to various embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device comprises: a housing including a first side facing towards a first direction, a second side facing towards a second direction which is the opposite of the first direction, and at least one flexible part; a touchscreen display which is arranged between the first and second sides of the housing, exposed through the first side of the housing, and which includes at least one flexible part at the position of the flexible part of the housing when viewed from the top of the first side; and a pressure sensor which is arranged between the touchscreen display and the second side of the housing, and which includes at least one flexible part at the position of the flexible part of the housing when viewed from the top of the first side. The pressure sensor includes a first electrode layer which is actually formed in parallel to the touchscreen display; a second electrode layer which is separated towards the second direction from the first electrode and in parallel to the first electrode layer; and a dielectric layer arranger between the first and second electrode layers. Other embodiments may be possible.
Patent KR-20180017720-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM KI MOON
IPC: C08G75/0209
Filed: 2016-08-10
Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrathin polymer film which not only has excellent on/off characteristics when the ultrathin polymer film is used as an active layer of a non-volatile memory device, but also has a large lateral dimension, an ultrathin form, a three-dimensional stacking capacity, high transparency, and excellent flexibility; a manufacturing method of the ultrathin polymer film; and the non-volatile memory device. The present invention relates to the ultrathin polymer film which is formed by polymerizing a composition comprising a compound represented by chemical formula 1 and the manufacturing method of the ultrathin polymer film. In chemical formula 1, X_1 is a substituted or unsubstituted C_6-C_54 aromatic group of which the number of π-electrons is 4n+2, and which has a planar structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted C_3-C_54 heteroaromatic group containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; Y_1 is a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an aminophenyl group or a formylphenyl group; m is an integer of 3 to 10; and n is an integer of 1 to 13.
Patent KR-20180020042-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM HAK KYUM
IPC: G07F19/00
Filed: 2016-08-17
Abstract: According to the present invention, provided are a path switching structure, a medium storage device having the same, and a financial device. The path switching structure of the present invention comprises a medium branch device including: a branch part in which a plurality of transfer paths through which a medium is transferred are branched; and a diverter for guiding the medium introduced into the branch part along any one of the transfer paths to another one of the transfer paths. The transfer paths include a first transfer path having the medium to be introduced into the branch part, a second transfer path having the medium introduced into or discharged from the branch part, and a third transfer path having the medium introduced into or discharged from the branch part. The diverter is rotated between a first position for connecting the second and third transfer paths and a second position for connecting the first and second transfer paths, and may be rotated from the first position to the second position by a force that the medium introduced into the branch part along the first transfer path presses.
Patent KR-20180024310-A (KR)
Inventor: RHEE WON JONG
IPC: C07K1/22
Filed: 2016-08-29
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a recombinant protein of silkworm storage protein 1 (SP1) by using fructose. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of producing a recombinant protein of silkworm storage protein 1 (SP1), in which by adding a small fixed amount of fructose to an elution buffer when purifying a recombinant SP1 protein produced by a cell culture by means of size exclusion chromatography, aggregation of the recombinant SP1 is suppressed, and even after the subsequent concentration by means of ultrafiltration, such aggregation is significantly reduced, thereby enabling mass production of high-concentration recombinant SP1. In addition, the present invention relates to a recombinant SP1 protein produced by the method, and to uses of the same for apoptosis suppression, as an additive for cell culture media, in the preparation of cell lines for the production of biomedicine, and as an antioxidant material or a (functional) cosmetic material.
Patent KR-20180025633-A (KR)
Inventor: BAE SUN CHEOL
IPC: D06F33/43
Filed: 2016-09-01
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling a washing machine. The method of controlling a washing machine includes a water supply step of supplying wash water to the inside of a tub while a drum is rotated at water supply RPM, an acceleration step for accelerating the drum after the water supply step and sensing the eccentricity of the drum, and a washing step for rotating the drum to wash the inner circumferential surface of the tub while the wash water circulates along the inner circumferential surface of the tub by the rotational force of the drum and setting the rotational speed of the drum according to the detected eccentricity. It is possible to easily wash the tub.
Patent KR-20180028721-A (KR)
IPC: A01G7/06
Filed: 2016-09-09
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for adjusting a seed germination rate, a chlorophyll content and hydrogen peroxide accumulation in carrot by using nanomaterials. According to the present invention, a multi-wall carbon nano tube carefully lowers a content of hydrogen peroxide, suppresses germination of seeds of silver nano particles, increases a content of hydrogen peroxide, and increases contents of chlorophyll of both two nanomaterials, thereby promoting photosynthesis.
Patent KR-20170123566-A (KR)
Inventor: CHOI JUNG SU
IPC: H01J37/32
Filed: 2016-09-19
Abstract: An inductively coupled plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of antenna parts separated from each other, a main feed line to which high frequency power supplied to the plurality of antenna parts is applied, a plurality of sub-feed lines branched from the main feed line and connected to the plurality of antenna parts, a plurality of output ports connected to each of the plurality of sub-feed lines and outputting information on high frequency power applied to each of the plurality of antenna parts via each of the sub-feed lines; and a monitoring part connected to the plurality of output ports and displaying the information on the high frequency power. It is possible to monitor and control the high-frequency power in real time.