baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-343700-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for the production of a linear fiber-forming polyamide having ether linkages
IPC: C08G69/40
Filed: 1967-08-01
Abstract: Ether-diamines of formula where R is -O- or O(CH 2 ) n -O- and n is 2 to 4 are prepared and/or purified so that the content of impurities with an OH end group is reduced to less than 1 mole per cent prior to use in the preparation of polyamides (see Division C3). They may be prepared by the conventional process of adding the appropriate glycol to acrylonitrile at 25 to 40 C. in the presence of aqueous alkali to form the dinitrile, which is then hydrogenated in the presence of Raney cobalt to form the diamine. The desired purity is achieved by (a) extracting the dinitrile intermediate with chlorinated hydrocarbons especially chloroform, and rapidly distilling the extract discarding the first turnings and (b) effecting the hydrogenation in the presence of solvents or diluents which are completely free from water or alcohol, e.g. benzene, toluene, cyclohexane or tetrahydrofuran. Pyrogallol may also be added to suppress decomposition during the preparation of the dinitrile. Example 1 describes the preparation and purification of ethylene-bis-(3-aminopropyl) ether via ethylene - bis - (2 - cyanoethyl) ether, itself prepared from acrylonitrile and ethylene glycol. The adipic acid salts of ethylene-bis-(3-aminopropyl) ether, the corresponding propylene- and butylene-analogues, and of bis-(3-aminopropyl) ether are also described.
Patent ES-344884-A1 (ES)
Title: A Pneumatic Device for Applying Tin Foil and Like Caps to Corked Bottles and Gripping them in a Single Operation
IPC: B65B21/18
Filed: 1967-09-09
Abstract: A pneumatic gripping device for applying foil caps to pre-corked bottles may also be used for lifting &c., the bottles and dropping them into pockets in crates. A flexible liner 2, Fig. 1, inside a holder 1 is compressed on to a bottle neck, when pressure air is admitted through a pipe 7 and passages 9 to a space 8. The wall of the liner 2 is thicker adjacent its mouth than adjacent its closed end 5. The lower edge of the liner 2 is sealed by a washer 4 and a screwthreaded bush 3. Ribs 11, 12, Fig. 3, of alternate greater and lesser radii of curvature, surround the closed end 5 of the resilient liner 2, the ribs 12 abutting the inside of the holder 1 and also extending down over the frusto-conical central portion of the liner, Fig. 4 (not shown). A single device as shown, may be mounted at the end of a handle (16), Fig. 6 (not shown), with a manually-controlled valve (18, 19). In a form using multiple heads 1, Figs. 7, 8, on a platform 37 movable vertically &c. with respect to a supply of bottles B and to a number of crates C, each head has an enlarged flange 2211 which can telescope upwards within a cylinder 25 against the bias of a spring 31, to compensate for bottles of different sizes. The enlarged flange 2211 slides on a pipe 23 through which pressure air is admitted to the head 1 &c. The platform 37 with its heads 1 &c. moves horizontally and vertically relatively to a fixed support 35. Bottles B on a conveyer (42), Fig. 9 (not shown), are guided on to a platform (41) by walls (43), and into spaces between partitions (44). They are then lifted into pocketed crates C travelling along a conveyer 40.
Patent ES-348443-A1 (ES)
Title: Ion exchange resins
IPC: C08F20/42
Filed: 1967-12-20
Abstract: A polymer matrix in the form of beads, which can be used for the production of ionexchange resins, is prepared by effecting suspension copolymerization of a neutral monomer of formula CH 2 = CRR1, where R is H, alkyl or cyanomethyl and R1 is halogen, alkyl, cyanomethyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, nitrile or a heterocyclic group, with at least two cross-linking agents each of which has at least two olefinic bonds, at least one of said agents being an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon or chlorohydrocarbon and the remainder being one or more aromatic hydrocarbons. The polymer matrix can be converted into an ion-exchange resin by treating the matrix beads with an appropriate reagent so as to introduce anion- or cation-exchange groups into the matrix, e.g. by hydrolysis of nitrile groups, chloromethylation and subsequent amination, or sulphonation. Suitable neutral monomers for the preparation of the matrix include styrene, acrylonitrile and methylene-glutaronitrile. Specified as (cycio)- aliphatic cross-linking agents are 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, piperylene, chloroprene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene - 1,3, 2,3 - and 1,4 - pentadiene, 1,5 - and 2,4 - hexadiene, 2,5 - dimethyl - hexadiene-2,4, octadienes and methyl, dimethyl and methyl-methylene derivatives thereof, 1,3- decadiene, 1,3,5-hexatriene, hexachlorocyclopentadiene, cyclopentadiene and dicyclopentadiene. Aromatic cross-linking agents specified are divinyl- and trivinyl-benzene. In examples the suspension copolymerization is effected in the presence of benzoyl peroxide.
Patent ES-350826-A1 (ES)
Title: Preparation of trialkylamines
IPC: C11D3/48
Filed: 1968-02-23
Abstract: Tertiary amines are prepared by reacting an alkyl chloride with ammonia, a primary amine of formula R111NH 2 where R111 is an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or hydroxyalkoxyalkyl group having from 1 to 4 C atoms or an aralkyl group wherein the alkyl group has from 1-4 C atoms or a dialkanolamine or an alkyl bromide with ammonia or a dialkanolamine in the presence of a soluble iodide catalyst. The alkyl halides preferably have from 4 to 22 C atoms and the process is carried out within the temperature range 80-200 C. The reaction is generally performed as a twophase system wherein the first phase is organic and comprises the alkyl halide and the second phase is aqueous and comprises water and/or a low molecular weight alcohol of 1-6 C atoms, preferably isopropanol. The catalyst is usually an alkali metal iodide such as potassium iodide. During the reaction an alkaline material such as caustic soda is added in controlled amounts.
Patent ES-353637-A1 (ES)
Title: Hot gas generators
IPC: F02C6/04
Filed: 1968-04-27
Abstract: A combustion gas generator comprises a rotary shaft 11, first and second compressor rotors 14 and 15 mounted on the shaft and supplying primary combustion air and dilution air respectively to a combustion chamber 16, combustion gases from the chamber 16 passing to a turbine 12 mounted on the shaft 11 to drive the compressors, there being means for mixing fuel with the air passing through the first compressor 14, and further means for driving the shaft 11 for starting purposes. In Fig. 1 the compressors 14 and 15 are of centrifugal type and the turbine 12 is of the radial inward flow type, the combustion gases discharging from the turbine 12 through duct 13 to a point of use. A carburetter 18 is disposed in the air intake to the compressor 14 so that an air and fuel mixture passes into the compressor and is delivered to a burner device 17. For starting purposes, a Pelton wheel 21 is mounted on the shaft 11 and fluid under pressure supplied by pump 23 is discharged from nozzle 22 on to the wheel 21 alternatively an electric motor 25 may be utilized, the motor being connected through gearing and shaft 26 to the shaft 11. The fuel supply to the carburetter may be pre-heated in a heater 30 disposed in the turbine exhaust gas flow, Fig.2 (not shown). The gas generator may be stopped by opening valve 29 in the air supply duct to the compressor 14 so producing an air/fuel mixture too weak for combustion. A flame trap 27, Fig.3 (not shown), may be provided on the burner device 17 also a blow-off valve may be provided in the duct between compressor 14 and the burner. A separate power turbine 21, Fig. 4, is provided downstream of the compressor-drive turbine 12, the turbine 31 driving two axial-flow air compressors 34. In Fig. 5 (not shown), a portion of air from compressor 15 is utilized as the working fluid in an ejector device 35.
Patent ES-359295-A1 (ES)
Title: Improvements in spinning packs.
IPC: B29C48/69
Filed: 1968-10-18
Abstract: A spinning pack disposed on an apertured spinneret plate 9 includes a bed 13 of balls of material inert to the polymer melt, the balls having a diameter of 2 mm. to 12 mm., especially 7 mm. to 11 mm. The balls may all have substantially the same diameter, or the diameters of the largest and smallest balls may differ from one another by not more than 10%. Specified inert materials include ceramic, glass-ceramic, glass, quartz or metal, especially high-grade steel or noble metal. As shown, the balls rest on a filter pack 14, comprising rimless or rim-welded metal screens, which may be of different mesh sizes. Use of the pack is conducive to uniformity of residence time of different zones of the melt, and the appearance of cracks in the melt due to local overheating is substantially reduced.
Patent ES-359514-A1 (ES)
Title: Saturable reactor/constraining inductor arrangement
IPC: H01F29/14
Filed: 1968-10-10
Abstract: In order to suppress A.C. voltages induced in the control winding of a saturable core reactor by the load current a constraining inductor is connected in the control circuit and the control winding and constraining inductor are each formed of an equal plurality of sections, each section having substantially the same number of turns and the sections being connected in a series chain between two control terminals with alternate sections being of the same winding. By arranging the control winding and constraining inductor in sections with appropriate polarities of the individual winding sections the effects of interwinding capacitances are eliminated thereby allowing an increase of the load-current to control-current ratio without causing serious distortion in the load current waveform. The saturable reactor arrangement is used as a constant current source in a driven inverter, Fig. 1, wherein a square-wave drive signal of predetermined frequency is applied from source 11 through load winding sections 30, 31 of reactor 10 transformer 20 to the base-emitter circuits of a transistor bridge-type inverter 12. As a result a square wave current is derived from D.C. source 25 and is supplied to load impedance 26. The load windings 30, 31 of the reactor are wound on respective sections of the cores 40 while the control winding sections 32 to 35 are wound over both sections 40 and the sections 36 to 39 of the constraining inductor are wound on a separate inductor core 41. By arranging the control and inductor winding sections to have the same number of turns and the polarities indicated the A.C. voltage which is induced in a particular control winding section by the load current is cancelled by the voltage drop across the associated constraining inductor winding section and the net A.C. voltage across each pair of winding sections is zero. Thus corresponding points of the respective control winding sections and inductor winding sections have equal A.C. potentials with respect to each other, e.g. at the dot sides and the interwinding capacitance between points of equal A.C. potential are eliminated, Fig. 3 (not shown). In order to optimize the effect winding sections 32 to 35 of the control winding and winding sections 36 to 39 of the inductor are wound directly over each other on their respective cores 40, 41 and also the particular winding sections which are wound above each other have respective corresponding turns wound directly over each other.
Patent ES-359600-A1 (ES)
Title: Removing water vapor from cracked gases
IPC: C10G5/00
Filed: 1968-10-26
Abstract: Cracked gas containing acetylene, ethylene and higher hydrocarbons is freed from water vapour by the following process sequence: (a) contacting the gas, with or without pro-drying by cooling, with methanol (b) cooling the treated gas in a heat exchanger to condense the major portion of entrained methanol and separating the condensed liquid from uncondensed gas (c) separating the methanolcontaining condensate (with or without liquified hydrocarbon mixture separated by further cooling from uncondensed gas resulting from stage (b)) in a rectifying column into an overhead consisting substantially of C 2 hydrocarbons and a bottoms consisting of C 3 and higher hydrocarbons and methanol (d) extracting the bottoms product with water to recover methanol therefrom (e) freeing the extract from water, e.g. by distillation, optionally simultaneously with removing water from the aqueous methanol resulting from step (a) and (f) returning regenerated methanol to step (a). Alternative methods of operating the process are described with the aid of flow-diagrams.
Patent ES-361341-A1 (ES)
Title: Defrosting controller for electric refrigerator
IPC: G05D23/24
Filed: 1968-12-12
Abstract: A defrosting arrangement for an electric refrigerator comprises means for terminating the defrosting process when the frost in the freezer has been dispersed, the means for dispersing the frost being either an electric heater or a hot gas device. An electric heater 3 in a defrosting arrangement is connected to an A.C. supply by means of a thyristor 4, the thyristor being made conductive by closure of a switch 13 and non- conductive when the resistance of a thermistor 7 rises due to the absence of frost in the freezer. A transistor 5 is normally kept in conduction due to the bias voltage derived from a potential divider 9, 10 connected across the normally non-conductive thyristor 4 rectified by a diode 11 and charging a capacitor 12. To initiate a defrosting cycle the switch 13 is closed, either manually or by a timing device. Capacitor 12 then discharges through the switch 12 thereby cutting off the transistor 5. A signal thus appears at the collector of the transistor which signal is used to trigger the thyristor 4 into conduction to energize the defrosting heater 3. When the frost in the freezer is removed, the freezer temperature rises so decreasing the resistance of the thermistor 7. As the resistance of the thermistor gradually decreases the capacitor 12 begins to acquire a charge until a point is reached where the transistor 5 is once more rendered conductive whereupon the trigger signal to the thyristor 4 disappears and the heater 3 de-energized.
Patent ES-368828-A1 (ES)
Title: Method and apparatus for the production of continuous tape
IPC: D04H3/04
Filed: 1969-06-26
Abstract: A continuous tape is made by applying threads (8) to both sides of a flat continuously moving endless band 5 so as to extend generally parallel with the edges thereof, wrapping filaments 23 in non-overlapping relationship around the band, bonding the filaments to the threads, cutting the filaments, e.g. with cutter 28, in a direction parallel to an edge of the band and removing the tape 31 from the band 5. The completed tape has a transverse tensile strength at least 100 times greater than its longitudinal tensile strength. As shown, the threads, (8) pass through an adhesive bath 10 before contact with the band. The filaments are wrapped around the band by rotating winding platform 12. The band comprises two superimposed band elements 5a, 5b and these are separated to assist cutting of the filaments. The adhesive is set by hot air heaters 26. There may be many more filaments (extending across the tape) than threads. The filaments may be bands of monofilaments (which may be braided) of glass, metal, nylon rayon or acrylic polymers. The threads may be cotton, nylon glass or rayon. The tape may be used to form a pipe, see Figs. 7 to 9 (not shown). The pipe is made by coating a mandrel 50 with resin (51), optionally applying veil cloth (52), then winding the tape (53) around the mandrel in partially overlapping turns. The wound tape is then impregnated with resin and wound with polyester or epoxy resin-coated glass metal or nylon filaments 54. Further outer layers of the tape and glass filaments may be applied to the mandrel. Particulate material 55 may be applied over the filaments 54.
Patent ES-368936-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for the recovery of melamine from a synthesis gas mixture containing hot melamine vapour
IPC: B01D/
Filed: 1969-06-28
Abstract: Hot synthesis gas from a melamine synthesis reactor containing substantially all the melamine product is contacted with a melt of urea at 150 C or above, as a result of which the melamine becomes suspended in the melt to the extent of 5-50% by weight thereof. The melamine is then suitably separated from the melt by centrifuging, the crystals of melamine washed with water, and the urea melt passed back to the melamine synthesis reactor. The reactor is operated at relatively low pressure, e.g. 7 atmospheres.
Patent ES-369302-A1 (ES)
Title: Dental enamel anti-erosion agent
IPC: A23L29/00
Filed: 1969-07-08
Abstract: The dental erosion potential of comestibles containing erosion causing organic acids e. g. citric or fumaric acids, is reduced by including in the comestibles at least 0À03% by weight, based on combined weight, of monosodium dihydrogen phosphate Na H 2 PO 4 . Typically, the comestible contains 0.05-5% by weight of organic acid and the proportion of monosodium dihydrogen phosphate is at least 4% in the case of dry beverage powders and between 0.03 and 5% for liquid beverages. The examples disclose formulations of powdered citrus flavoured beverage mixes containing up to 16% of monosodium dihydrogen phosphate and specified amounts of such ingredients as citric and fumaric acids, starch filler, sugar, artificial sweetener, and flavourings, colourings and preservatives (unspecified).
Patent ES-396888-A1 (ES)
Title: Injection system for internal combustion engine
IPC: F02M43/00
Filed: 1971-10-28
Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine including a pump which delivers fuel through a pipeline to an injection nozzle mounted on the engine. Also provided is a stepped cylinder which accommodates a complementarily stepped piston. The wider end of the cylinder is open to the aforesaid pipe line and the narrower end of the cylinder communicates with a source of fluid. A conduit is provided and through which fluid from the narrower end of the cylinder is displaced during inward movement of the piston, the displaced fluid eventually flowing to the engine.
Patent ES-404572-A1 (ES)
Title: Corrosion preventative pigment and composition
IPC: C09C1/02
Filed: 1972-07-05
Abstract: A material especially adapted for incorporation in a coating composition, for example, as a secondary pigment, and characterized in having corrosion inhibiting properties. The material consists of finely particulate material on which is coated a film of fatty amine or fatty amine salt. The material coated on the particles is characterized in having a high area to volume ratio and the properties thereof in respect of inhibiting corrosion are thereby enhanced. The particulate material is advantageously natural crystalline calcium carbonate.
Patent ES-409196-A1 (ES)
Title: 1,3,4,9B-TETRAHYDRO-2(2H)-INDENO-{8 1,2-c{9 PYRIDINES
IPC: C07D221/16
Filed: 1972-12-01
Abstract: The invention concerns acid addition salts of novel indenopyridine derivatives of the formula:
Patent ES-415536-A1 (ES)
Title: Absorbent alloy fibers of salts of carboxyalkylated starch and regenerated cellulose
IPC: A61L15/60
Filed: 1973-06-04
Abstract: Absorbent fibers of an alloy of salts of carboxyalkylated starch and regenerated cellulose, especially useful for absorbing body fluids, are prepared from a mixture of viscose and an alkaline starch solution treated with a carboxyalkyl etherifying compound to produce an alkaline solution of carboxyalkylated starch. This starch solution is mixed with viscose and the mixture extruded into a coagulating medium in the form of fibers. The wet gel fibers may, if necessary, be treated with a salt-forming compound for the carboxyalkylated starch and dried, preferably with a finish, for cellulose fibers thereon.
Patent ES-423836-A1 (ES)
Title: Collapsible seat structures
IPC: A47C/
Filed: 1974-03-02
Abstract: A collapsible volume frame, when erected, presents in each of two opposite side elevations a side space frame defined by four points which if joined would form a quadrilateral and presents further space frames in the four other aspects. The side space frames are braced by at least one frame element disposed transversely and articulated to them in a triangulated manner. Releasable means resist collapse of the volume frame. These side and further space frames are foldable so that the volume frame when collapsed forms a bundle.
Patent ES-432380-A1 (ES)
Title: Distributors
IPC: F16L9/10
Filed: 1974-11-28
Abstract: A gas distributor tube formed from a non-porous ceramic material having a generally axial passageway at least part of which is in the form of a helix. A treatment chamber or reactor is provided with a number of distributor tubes located in the base of the chamber to permit the introduction of a gas through the passageway of this distributor into the treatment chamber in which a solid material in finely divided form may be maintained in fluid suspension.
Patent ES-434480-A1 (ES)
Title: Inspection and repair apparatus for a nuclear reactor fuel assembly
IPC: G21F7/06
Filed: 1975-02-05
Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for inspecting and repairing a radioactive fuel assembly. The radioactive fuel assembly is positioned within a shielding sleeve which substantially reduces the level of radioactivity immediately surrounding the sleeve thereby permitting direct access by operating personnel. In one embodiment, a rotatable collar is mounted to the sleeve at a mid-length location. An access port, an inspection port and an instrument port are included with the collar so that operating personnel may directly inspect the fuel assembly and effectuate any necessary repairs.
Patent ES-436215-A1 (ES)
Title: Disc brake caliper and support structure
IPC: F16D55/224
Filed: 1975-04-02
Abstract: The brake is of the type comprising a carrier member for fixing to a vehicle, a caliper member slidably mounted on the carrier member and an actuator for urging a first friction pad onto one side of a rotatable disc to cause the caliper member to slide relative to the carrier member and apply a second friction pad to the other side of the disc. The sliding connection is provided by a pair of pins slidable in openings in one of the members, preferably the carrier member, and releasably secured to the other of the members. To prevent binding of the pins in their openings, at least one of the openings is made diametrically oversized and the associated pin is urged into an eccentric position in direct sliding contact with the wall of its opening by means of a leaf spring which also resiliently urges the pads into position in the carrier member. When both pins extend into radially oversized openings, they are relieved of drag forces which arise on brake application.
Patent ES-436500-A1 (ES)
Title: Explosive charge
IPC: F42B3/02
Filed: 1975-04-10
Abstract: An explosive charge for use under hydrostatic pressure comprising high explosive composition in a flexible plastics container closed at one end and having, at the mouth end, a shoulder and a neck defining the container opening, the opening being sealed by a closure cap which provides a central plug to support the neck against internal distortion and an outer annular skirt which supports the neck and shoulder against external distortion.
Patent ES-436808-A1 (ES)
Title: Method and apparatus for electroplating
IPC: C25D7/04
Filed: 1975-04-21
Abstract: A method and apparatus for electroplating elongated metal pieces, such as bars, pipes, cylinders, according to which an electroplating bath is provided between an electrode and the surface opposite thereto of the piece to be plated the electrode and associated electroplating bath are moved along the surface of the piece to be plated, while replenishing the electroplating liquid.
Patent ES-436902-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for the production of carnitine
IPC: C07C227/04
Filed: 1975-04-24
Abstract: The process for the production of carnitine hydrochloride which includes reacting a alpha -haloacetoacetanilide having the formula: