baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1220884-A (GB)
Title: Evaporative heat exchange apparatus
IPC: F28F25/08
Filed: 1968-08-08
Abstract: 1,220,884. Evaporative heat exchangers. BALTIMORE AIRCOIL CO. Inc. 8 Aug., 1968 [16 Feb., 1968 (2); 8 March, 1968; 20 May, 1968], No. 38009/68. Heading F4K. Relates to evaporative heat exchangers having surface-presenting means where heat is extracted by evaporation from a fluid to be cooled or condensed, the particular form of heat exchanger described being a cooling tower in which water discharged by springs 17 on to the surface-presenting means (i.e. packing) 18, is cooled by evaporation in contact with an airstream. According to the invention a sump 11 1 having a smaller cross-sectional area at the bottom than at the top is provided below the surface-presenting means 18, and air is delivered by at least one blower 29 into the sump through an opening or openings in the wall thereof located above the liquid level in the sump and below the level of maximum crosssectional area of the sump. The sump shown is of inverted triangular cross-section. In another form described (Fig. 11), the sump is of trapezoidal crosssection. These arrangements enable the fan and motor to be housed beneath the sloping wall of the sump. Two or more heat exchangers may be arranged side-by-side (Fig. 3), or heat exchangers may be arranged back-to-back with a common sump (Fig. 2) having a float-controlled inlet for make-up water. The fan or fans may be switched off and on according to the liquid level in the sump. One form of heat exchanger described (Figs. 11-14) includes a flow-diverting baffle for the incoming air, generally similar to that described in Specification 1,220,886. The preferred surface-presenting means 18 is generally similar to that described in Specification 1.220,885.
Patent GB-1164847-A (GB)
Title: Means for Cooling the Blades of Gas Turbine Engines
Inventor: HOWALD WERNER ERNST
IPC: F01D5/18
Filed: 1966-08-30
Abstract: 1,164,847. Gas turbine blades. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Aug. 30, 1966, No.38708/66. Heading F1T. A gas turbine blade comprises a thin-walled metal shell 22 of aerofoil cross-section, the outer surface of which defines a flow path for a hot gas stream moving at a high velocity, the gas stream having a boundary layer contiguous with the outer surface in which the gas velocity is substantially reduced, and the interior of the blade defining a plenum chamber. A plurality of discrete, relatively small holes 44 are provided in the shell 22, being closely spaced around the leading edge portion of the aerofoil section and spaced further apart on opposite sides thereof in a chordal direction. The holes 44 are inclined at an angle to the outer surface of the shell 22 and extend in a direction having no component counter to that of the hot gas flow. The plenum chamber is connected to a pressurized source of a gas (e.g. air) coolant, the pressure in the chamber being greater than the maximum hot gas static pressure on the outer surface of the shell 22, coolant gas being discharged through the holes 44 to be entrained in the boundary layer, the holes 44 being disposed relative to one another so that the coolant streams entrained in the boundary layer, cover the entire outer blade surface with coolant gas. The holes 44 are circular in cross-section and preferably taper toward the plenum chamber in order to minimize the velocity of the coolant gas as it approaches the outer blade surface whereby it is entrained to an even greater extent in the hot gas boundary layer. The holes 44 create elliptical openings in the outer blade surface, the layer axes of which are aligned with the stress lines in the blade. The holes 44 are disposed in planes normal to the outer blade surface and to the path of hot gas flow at an angle of 45 degrees or less, preferably between 10 degrees and 30 degrees, to the blade surface. The trailing edge portion of the blade is relatively thick and is heat cooled by inclining the cooling holes 44t in a direction downstream of the gas flow. Cooling holes (not shown) may also extend along the centre of the trailing edge portion. The invention is applicable to both stator and rotor blades of an engine turbine. In the case of a rotor blade, as shown in Fig.4, a platform 42 is integrally formed at the base of the shell 22 and provided with a plurality of discrete, relatively small holes 44p for the passage of coolant gas, and the closed outer end of the shell 22 is provided with a plurality of discrete, relatively small holes 44e so as to be cooled by coolant gas from the plenum chamber defined by the shell interior. In the case of a stator blade (20, Figs. 2, 11, not shown), inclined holes (44l) are provided in the stator blade shroud rings (28, 30) to direct cooling gas on to the exterior of the stator blades.
Patent GB-994641-A (GB)
Title: Control of decarburization and surface quality of steels in casting
IPC: B22C3/00
Filed: 1961-10-31
Abstract: 994,641. Casting processes. HOWE SOUND CO. Oct. 31, 1961 [April 7, 1961], No. 38925/61. Heading B3F. A ceramic shell mould, made by coating a disposable pattern with dip and stucco coats is surrounded in part at least during solidification of the casting by carbon or a mixture of C and a refractory preferably in particulate form. The process is stated to reduce decarbonization and pitting of the casting. The mould may be surrounded before or after pouring and may be at the same time subjected to a non-oxidizing or reducing gas such as argon, nitrogen and carbonaceous gases.
Patent GB-1152598-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Supports and Former Devices for Articles of Neckwear.
Inventor: KANTER HARRY
IPC: A41D25/02
Filed: 1967-08-25
Abstract: 1,152,598. Releasable fastenings. H. KANTER and R. KALLMAN. 25 Aug., 1967, No. 39283/67. Heading E2B [Also in Division A3] A former for a pre-tied necktie comprises a winged member 14 rivetted at 27 to a spring plate 16, a clamp arm 17 including a cross bar 40 pivotable in oppositely-facing knuckles 32,33 on the spring plate between an open and closed position and a tapered pin 45 which, when a tie has been knotted about the formed in known manner, is driven into the rivet 27 to that teeth 47 on the head 46 pinion overlapping sections of the tie against the rear of the member 14. The pre-tied necktie is attached to a collar by moving the clamp arm to open position, inserting the clamp arm behind the collar and snapping it to closed position in which the collar band is gripped between the end portion 42 of the clamp arm and the head 46.
Patent GB-849523-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of, and means for, vaporising fuel for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M31/135
Filed: 1956-12-27
Abstract: 849,523. Heating mixture; mixing charge; collecting unvaporized fuel. LIVERSIDGE, G. E. Dec. 27, 1956, No. 39298/56. Addition to 783,430. Classes 7(2) and 7(3). An improvement in a modification of the method of causing va porization of the fuel of fuel-aii mixture of internal combustior engines as claimed in Claim 1 of the parent Specification consists in the further step of closing a low voltage electrical circuit prior to starting ar engine to' temporarily energize ar electrical resistance element shrouded within a heat conducting device lying below the inlet regior of the induction pipe of the engine and allowing the generated heat tc rise freely into the inlet region for initially preheating it before the entry of fuel-air mixture and thus causing initial vaporization of the oil fuel-air mixture in the heated region for engine starting purposes. As shown the induction pipe 7 is surrounded by an exhaust gas chamber 1. Additional heating means comprises an electrical heater plug 10 with an electrical resistance element 12. The engine can be started on vaporizing oil fuel from cold by energizing the heater plug. Rearwardly, inclined baffle plates 9 are located in each branch 8 of the induction pipe. A downdraught carburetter can be secured to the flange 6 of the inlet branch of the induction manifold. The plug may be connected to one section of a vehicle battery. The upper part of the plug and element 12 are surrounded by a receptacle 13 of good heat-conducting metal. The exhaust enters the chamber through ports 4.
Patent GB-908522-A (GB)
Title: Gyromagnetic resonance methods and apparatus
IPC: G01R33/60
Filed: 1958-12-08
Abstract: 908,522. Gyromagnetic testing apparatus. VARIAN ASSOCIATES. Dec. 8, 1958 [Dec. 19, 1957], No. 39553/58. Class 37. In gyromagnetic resonance testing apparatus, the means for applying radio frequency energy to a substance to produce gyromagnetic resonance therein and the receiver for detecting electromagnetic signal produced by said resonance are rendered operative alternately, the period of the testing cycle being less than the relaxation time of the substance. In Fig. 1 the substance 11 is located in a coil 13 between the poles of a magnet 12, the field of which is swept over a range by a circuit 18. A pulse-producing circuit 19 causes a transmitter to become operative to induce gyro-resonance in the substance v hereupon the transmitter is rendered inoperative by the pulsing device and the receiver rendered operative so that the continuing resonarce induces a signal in the coil which may be amplified in the receiver and applied to a detector and cathode-ray tube system 17. The testing cycle is so short that the resonance of the sample is phase coherent with the applied frequency. In an alternative arrangement (Fig. 2, not shown), the transmitter and receiver are connected to separate coils which are arranged at right-angles adjacent the substance while in a further embodiment (Fig. 6, not shown) a phase-sensitive detector is used. In another embodiment, for detecting paramagnetic resonance, the substance is located in a cavity resonator and the receiver comprises a crystal mixer and local oscillator arrangement, the receiver being rendered inoperative by switching the local oscillator or an amplifier following the mixer. The detector in Figs. 1-6 may be an envelope detector but may be arranged to show the original oscillations by mixing, in a phase-sensitive detector, an unpulsed output from the transmitter with the received signal.
Patent GB-1408907-A (GB)
Title: Electric luminaires or lanterns
IPC: F21S8/08
Filed: 1972-08-25
Abstract: 1408907 Street lamps GENERAL ELECTRIC CO Ltd 6 July 1973 [25 Aug 1972] 39718/72 Heading F4R [Also in Division G1] An electric light source, e.g. a street lighting device, incorporates within the source housing a photodetector which switches the source on when the ambient light level drops below a particular value. Fig. 1 shows a street light of aluminium cantilever construction; housing 2 has a transparent bowl 3 through which light from lamp 8 is emitted. The photodetector 9 is provided with a tubular shield 12, and optionally with a plate 13, to guard it from light and heat from the lamp. It is mounted on a bracket 11 separate from the lamp support, A similar arrangement within a mushroom like street light is also described, Fig. 2. A single lamp with a photodetector may be used to control several other lamps.
Patent GB-1480360-A (GB)
Title: Article carrier blanks and packages formed by using such blanks
IPC: B65D71/12
Filed: 1974-09-12
Abstract: 1480360 Carrier cartons and blanks therefor MEAD CORP 12 Sept 1974 [14 Sept 1973] 39890/74 Heading B8C A package, comprises a plurality of flanged articles arranged in two coincidental tiers each tier comprising at least two articles C 1 , C 2  and C 3 , C 4  having interconnected flanges F 1 , F 2  and F 3 , F 4  at their upper ends, and a carrier 1 comprising a top panel 1 overlying the tops of the two articles, F, F 2 , of the top tier, a pair of side panels 4, 9 interconnected with the side edges of the top panel 1 and extending downwardly with their lower edges at approximately the level of the tops of articles in the lower tier C 3 , C 4 , and a retaining strap 6 having its ends joined respectively to the lower edges of the side panels 4, 9 and disposed below the interconnected flanges F 3 , F 4  and between the side walls of the two articles C 3 , C 4  in the lower tier which correspond to the two articles of the top tier. A carrier blank, Fig. 3, with fold lines 5, 7, 8, 11 which define a top wall 1, side walls 4, 9, a retaining strap 6, with a pair of retaining flaps 22, 23 defined by arcuate folding lines 24, 25 respectively, and a lap panel 10, is wrapped around upper and lower pairs C 1 , C 2  and C 3 , C 4  of vertically-aligned articles having their respective flanges F 1 , F 2  and F 3 , F 4  joined by a tear line L, as shown in Figs. 1, 2B and 4. A locking tab 2 joined by a fold line 3 to the top wall 1 is engaged in an aperture 12 in the side panel 9, the retaining flaps 22, 23 having their end portions 26, 27 and 28, 29 engaged beneath the flanges F 3 , F 4  and their folded-up, intermediate, portions in engagement with the opposed sides of the articles C 3 , C 4 . The aperture 12 is formed by striking out a pair of retaining tabs 13, 14 from the panel 9 an inwardlyfolded holding panel 17, struck from the top and side panels 1, 4, and the inwardly-directed tabs 13,14, engaging in notches N 2 , N 1  formed between the flanges, F 1 , F 2 , Fig. 2B. In a modified blank, Fig. 6, not shown, the ends of the retaining flaps (22A, 23A) having straight folding lines (24A, 25A) are joined to the respective side panels (9A, 4A) by web panels (30, 33) and (36, 39). The retaining flaps (22A, 23A) may have a pair of retaining tabs (43, 42) which are adapted to project into the corresponding pair of openings formed by juxtaposed notches N 1 , N 2  when the blank is wrapped around a package which includes a further two tiers of articles. The blank includes slots (44, 45) and a finger-gripping aperture (46).
Patent GB-1399278-A (GB)
Title: Rotary harrows
IPC: A01B33/12
Filed: 1972-08-24
Abstract: 1399278 Rotary harrows C VAN DER LELY NV 24 Aug 1972 [31 Aug 1971] 39904/ 74 Divided out of 1399277 Heading A1B The subject matter of this Specification is identical with that described in Specifications 1399276 and 1399277, but the claims are concerned with the pivoted screening element 60 which shields the tine holders 9 and their supports 8 against large stones.
Patent GB-1513078-A (GB)
Title: Electric power plant with system for accelerating a cross compound turbine
IPC: F01D13/00
Filed: 1976-09-28
Abstract: 1513078 Steam turbine power-plant WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP 28 Sept 1976 [30 Sept 1975] 40179/76 Heading F1Q The invention relates to an electric power-plant of the type including a steam source to generate superheat and re-heat steam and a turbine generator comprising a high-pressure turbine portion 108 operated by a first flow of super-heat steam, an intermediate turbine portion 115 operated by a second flow of re-heat steam and a first electrical generating means 119 rotatably driven by the high and intermediate pressure turbine portions and a second electrical generating means 126 rotatably driven by a low-pressure turbine portion 121, 122 operated by the second flow after it is exhausted from the intermediate pressure portion. First bypass means is provided for conducting a flow of super-heat steam from the steam source to a steam exhaust of the high-pressure turbine portion to permit independent control of the first and second flows for purposes of controlling the rotational speed of the first electrical generating means. The plant includes a high-temperature gas cooled reactor (not shown) which delivers hot coolant gas (helium) to steam generators, also not shown. Fig. 2 shows a system for controlling the acceleration of the turbine generator from its turning gear speed to its synchronous speed. During such acceleration the pressure of steam in the hot re-heat header 114 is regulated at a reference value that is specified by a pressure reference source 200, the steam flow through the line 127 being varied to accomplish such regulation. After each turbine generator is disengaged from its turning motor (not shown) the re-heat stop-valve 117 is opened and the steam flow through the turbine portions 115,121 and 122 is varied to accelerate the shaft 118 in accordance with a speed reference signal from a source 201. During such acceleration no steam is permitted to flow through the high-pressure portion 108 while the shaft 125 turns at a somewhat lower speed than that of the shaft 118. When the speed of the shaft 118 reaches X rpm, which typically is ¢ the synchronous speed of the shaft, the shaft 125 is accelerated by varying the steam flow through the line 130 to equalize the speeds of the generators 119 and 126, whereupon the generators are connected electrically. After such electrical connection a flow of steam through the highpressure portion 108 is initiated and varied for purposes of governing the acceleration of the generators until they are synchronized with their associated power network (not shown). At times when it is desired to equalize the speed of the shaft 125 with the speed of the shaft 118 the valve 131 is opened and the speed controller 233 varies the flow through the line 130. Auxiliary steam turbine means is connected to use steam that is exhausted from the high-pressure turbine portion and the first by-pass means for driving a means for circulating the coolant gas of the reactor.
Patent GB-1440115-A (GB)
Title: Technetium-labelled complexes production and use thereof
IPC: G21G4/08
Filed: 1973-08-29
Abstract: 1440115 Technetium labelled complexes of lipophilic mercapto compounds MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO 29 Aug 1973 [30 Aug 1972] 40732/73 Heading C2C [Also in Division A5] Liver-specific radio-active complexes of Tc<SP>99m</SP> with a mercapto-group containing compound are prepared by (a) reducing a solution containing at least 0À01 but less than 500 millicuries per millilitre of 99m-pertechnetate ion until more than 50 mole per cent of said 99m-pertechnetate ion has been reduced to a 99m-technetium species having an oxidation state greater than zero but less than +7, (b) reacting said 99mtechnetium species with an excess, regardless of the stoichiometry of the resulting product, of a sulphur-containing compound selected from (A) a lipophilic compound of the formula wherein R<SP>1</SP> and R<SP>2</SP> are the same or different in each repeating unit and are selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl and -SH, n is an integer ranging from 1 to about 6, and X is a mammalian blood-solubilizing polar group which only partially detracts from the lipophilic properties of the said resulting reaction product; (B) a lipophilic compound of the formula wherein A is a cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic aliphatic ring and X is as defined previously; (C) a lipophilic thioenol or thioketal substituted on the thioketal- or thioenol-carbon with a water-solubilizing group and on the carbon alpha to the thioketal- or thioenol-carbon with a lipophilic group; and (D) a carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic carboxylic, sulphonic or phosphonic acid bearing a mercapto group substituted more remotely than ortho to the carboxylic, sulphonic or phosphonic acid group. Compounds of the types defined under A to D above and which are specifically referred to are N-acetylpenicillamine, 2-mercaptoethanol, 3- mercaptopropanol, 4 - mercaptobutanol, 4- mercapto - 2 - methyl - 2 - butanol, 2 - mercaptoethylamine, 6,8 - dihydrothioctic acid, alpha-thio-2-furan pyruvic acid, p-mercapto benzoic acid and mixtures thereof. 4 - Hydroxybutyl thiolacetate is prepared by reacting but-3-en-1-ol with thiolacetic acid and is then treated with ammonium hydroxide solution to liberate 4-mercaptobutanol-1. The complexes of the invention have application as liver specific radiodiagnostic agents.
Patent GB-1430188-A (GB)
Title: Diaza-oxa-bicyclodecane derivatives
IPC: C07D498/08
Filed: 1973-08-30
Abstract: 1430188 Diaza-oxa-bicyclodecane derivatives FUGISAWA PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd 30 Aug 1973 [8 Sept 1972] 40779/73 Heading C2C The invention comprises compounds of the formula wherein either R 1  and R 2  together form a methylene radical, and R 3  is -CHO or wherein R 4  is H or alkyl or cycloalkyl containing up to 6 C atoms, or R 1  is H, R 2  is CH 3  and R 3  is -CH 2 OH or These compounds may be obtained as follows: (a) a compound of formula by reduction of a compound of formula (b) a compound of formula by reduction of a compound of formula wherein R is H or a carboxylic acyl group; (c) a compound of formula by reaction of a compound of Formula III with water or an alkanol containing up to 6 C atoms; and (d) a compound of formula by reduction of a compound of the formula Pharmaceutical compositions comprise compounds of Formula I in admixture with a carrier or diluent. In particular, a compound of Formula II has anti-microbioloigcal activity.
Patent GB-933821-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to glass fabrics and fibres and methods of preparing thesame
IPC: C03C13/00
Filed: 1959-12-02
Abstract: Glass fibres and fabrics are etched with hydrochloric acid until they have a sodium carbonate soluble silica content of at least 90% by weight of the total silica and are then subjected to heat shrinking until they are dimensionally stable and have a total silica content of at least 90% by weight.  Etching is preferably carried out with hydrochloric acid having a concentration of 5-30% by weight at a temperature of at least 66 DEG C. but below the boiling point of the etching bath, temperatures as high as 110 DEG C. being suitable by the use of superatmospheric pressure.  After etching the fibres or fabrics are preferably thoroughly washed and dried and are then heat shrunk preferably at a temperature of 925 DEG -1290 DEG C.  The fibres or the fibres of the fabrics preferably have a diameter of 0,0097 millimetre and preferably contain by weight 53% silica, 0,2-0,3% sodium oxide, 16,8% calcium oxide, 14,8% aluminium oxide and iron oxide combined, 10,4% boron oxide, 4,4% magnesium oxide and 0,2-0,3% potassium oxide.  The fibres may have been sized during filament formation with dextrinised starch, hydrogenated vegetable oil, nonianic emulsifying agents, gelatine or polyvinyl alcohol which are removed during etching.  After heat shrinking the fibres or fabrics may be treated with finishing agents, applied as aqueous solutions to give a solid pick-up of 0,7-0,8% by weight or less, and used with a resin binders to make laminates, aminoalkyl silanes and methacrylate chromic chloride being suitable finishing agents when the resin binders are phenol-formaldehyde, phenol-furfural, melaminealdehyde or epoxy resins, e.g. bisphenol A-epichlorhydrin resin, and alkenyl silanes being suitable finishing agents when the resin binders are polyester resins. Specifications 595,498, 636,893 and 732,733 are referred to.