Patent GB-1390774-A (GB)
Title: Rotary positive displacement machine
IPC: F02B53/04
Filed: 1972-11-03
Abstract: 1390774 Rotary positive-displacement machine H C S TURBINE CO 3 Nov 1972 50841/72 Heading F I F A rotary positive-displacement machine such as a rotary internal combustion engine comprises a stator 1 within which is mounted eccentrically a rotor 19 having piston vanes 79(1), 79(2), 79(3) radially slidable in cavities 73, the gas/fuel mixture being injected into the working chambers between pistons 79 via the inner end of the piston cavities and passages in the pistons. A carburetter C supplies the mixture via passage 29 in the rotor hub 23 and one way valves 77 in radial passages 75 to the bottom of the piston cavities when the pistons are moving outwardly of the cavities. When the piston 79 begins to be pushed back into its cavity the mixture is trapped by the closing of valve 77 and it is compressed by the piston while being selectively transferred to either the forward side or trailing side of the respective piston under the control of valve means in the rotor and piston, Fig. 9. The valve means comprises a sleeve 119 mounted slidably in bore 115 in rotor 19 and a spool 121 slidably mounted in sleeve 119. Spool 121 has a transversely inclined passage 133 which is angled to connect ports 129, 131 in sleeve 119 when moved relative thereto. In the position of Fig 9 ports 129, 131 communicate with a passage 127 in piston 79 which leads to the base of chamber 73 and a passage 117 leading through the piston to the forward side thereof. A further passage 135 in spool 121 communicates the base of chamber 73 to passage 116 leading through piston 79 to the rear side thereof when sleeve 119 is moved into the bore 115 relative to spool 121. A sleeve 141 and tappet 149 in the rotor at the base of cavity 73 can be thrust into cavity 73 to engage sleeve 119 and spool 121 to provide movement of one or the other and thus selectively transmit fuel/gas mixture to the front or rear of piston 79. A cam shaft 169 extends rotatably the rotor 19, being coupled by gearing 171, 173 to output shaft 57 such that one revolution of shaft 57 produces half a revolution of shaft 169. Attached to shaft 169 is a central cam portion 153 for engaging tappet 149 and cam portions 155 on either side thereof which are 180 degrees out of phas with portion 153 and are for engaging sleeve 141. Each of the tappets 149 and sleeves 141 is thus thrust into cavity 73 once during two revolutions of rotor 19 and it is alleged that this sequentially injects the mixture into the working chambers between the pistons such that a fully compressed mixture is obtained in front of each piston just as it passes the tangent point of the rotor and stator. IGNITION Ignition is produced by glow plugs 191 in the rotor just in front of each piston, a contact 193 from each plug being flush with the axial end of the rotor for wiping engagement with a contact 189 in the adjacent stator wall just in front of the tangent point. Ignition is controlled by a cam 175 geared to cam shaft 169 by level gears 177, 179 the cam 175 being connected to coil 185 and contact 187.  EXHAUST:- An exhaust unit 201 is removably fixed to stator 1 and includes a poppet-type valve 211  which is operated by a cam-controlled lever 229. A follower 225 is reciprocated by cam surface 223 on shaft 169 to oscillate lever 229 via rod 227. The end 231 of lever 229 remote from rod 227 periodically pushes down valve 211 against spring 215 to permit exhaust. OPERATION:- Liquid is drawn into the bottom of the pistons and then admitted to the chambers as described, admission of liquid to any one chamber being terminated just as the trailing piston bounding the chamber reaches the tangent point. Just after termination of fuel/gas mixture supply, the compressed mixture is ignited and the power stroke commences and continues until the lead piston passes the exhaust port 205 of unit 201. The products of combustion are then expelled through exhaust 219, valve 211 being arranged to be opened at this time. As this exhaust phase finishes the next but one chamber in the direction of rotation is beginning its induction phase. Thus two revolutions of the rotor produce a complete cycle once in each of the three chambers as more fully described with reference to Figs. 22 (A-R) (not shown). SEALING OF PISTONS:- Each piston 79, Fig.3, has a crown portion divided by a sealing half-ring 81 which sealingly engages concave inner surface 67 of stator 1. Two rings seals 91, 95 seal the piston with respect to its cavity. Rectangular sealing blocks 85 are urged axially and radially outwardly of slots 83 by springs 89, 87 respectively. Blocks 85 are thus urged against cylindrical peripheral surfaces of stator 1 which blank concave surface 67 and are also urged against axial end-surfaces of inwardly extending flanges 69, 71. A pair of seals 105 at each axial end of the rotor periphery engage the inner rims of flanges 69, 71, the inner seal 105 being tangent to the piston cavities so that the blocks 85 sealingly engage the inner seals 105. LUBRICATION:--  An axial passage 110, Fig. 14, for lubricant has radial passages 251 branched therefrom in the rotor 19, each said passage terminating at the rotor periphery between one axial end pair of seals 105 and being located between a piston cavity 73 and the adjacent axial end of the rotor 19. A short axial conduit 252 leads into cavity 73. A passage 253 in stator flange 71 communicates with passage 251, a piston communicates via axial passage 255 with radial passage 254 in flange 69 which leads lubricant to a radial passage 261 in the other side of rotor 19, passage 261 terminating in the opposite side of cavity 73. Lubricant pockets 263, 265, 267 connect passage 255 to the inner surface of stator 1. Each pocket has a one way valve 271 and an absorbent oil gland 273 capable of accumulating in its pores, oil fed from passage 255, gland 273 feed such accumulated oil to the inner surface of stator 1. PUMP ASPECT:- The machine can be modified for use as a pump in which the pumped fluid is admitted in the same manner as the gas/fuel mixture.