baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-811697-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of compounds of the vitamin-a series
Filed: 1957-06-13
Abstract: Compounds of the Vitamin A series are obtained by condensing b -ionone with an e  - halo - b  - methylsorbic acid ester of the formula: <FORM:0811697/IV (b)/1> (wherein X is a halogen atom, e.g. a bromine atom, and COOR is a carboxylic acid ester group, R being e.g. an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl or hexyl group) in the presence of an active metal such as magnesium, zinc, cadmium or lithium (preferably zinc), splitting off water from the resulting hydroxy-ester of formula: <FORM:0811697/IV (b)/2> and, if desired, reducing the Vitamin A acid ester thus obtained to the Vitamin A alcohol.  The esters are obtained as mixtures of stereoisomers (the ratio depending on the dehydration method used), which may be interconverted by the usual methods.  In an example, b -ionone is condensed in tetrahydrofuran with e -bromo-b -methyl-sorbic acid ethyl ester in the presence of iodine-activated zinc, and the resulting hydroxy-ester is dehydrated by heating in benzene with p-toluenesulphonic acid.  It is stated that the mainly trans-Vitamin A ester so formed may be saponified to all-trans-Vitamin A acid, or reduced, e.g. with calcium aluminium hydride to Vitamin A alcohol.  e  - Bromo - b  - methylsorbic acid is obtained by the action of phosphorus tribromide on the corresponding hydroxy compound.
Patent GB-734124-A (GB)
Title: Method of separating solid paraffin wax or a paraffin wax concentrate from oil containing paraffin wax
IPC: C10G73/26
Filed: 1952-07-24
Abstract: Oil is dewaxed by a flotation process, wherein the viscosity of the oil is kept down to a value of not more than 50 centipoise at the working temperature, if necessary by adding a diluent for the oil which does not dissolve the wax.  In the flotation process, the oil is cooled, the solid paraffin wax particles are removed by passing a gas through the oil, and the foam of wax is removed. Gases mentioned are air, nitrogen, methane and propane.  Diluents specified are propane, methyl ethyl ketone, benzene, sulphur dioxide-benzene mixtures and dichloroethane.  Oil remaining in the wax concentrate obtained by the flotation process may be removed by pressing or by treating with a solvent for the oil, such as methyl isobutyl ketone, propane, or a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone and benzene.  The oil to be dewaxed may be a gas oil.  A paraffin wax concentrate prepared by this process may be further treated by the solvent dewaxing process described in Specification 733,067, using, for example, dichloroethane as solvent and the sodium salt of heptadecyl-9-hydrogen sulphate as the surface-active agent.ALSO:Oil is dewaxed by a flotation process, wherein the viscosity of the oil is kept down to a value of not more than 50 centipoise at the working temperature, if necessary by adding a diluent for the oil which does not dissolve the wax.  In the flotation process, the oil is cooled, the solid paraffin wax particles are removed by passing a gas through the oil, and the foam of wax is removed. Gases mentioned are air, nitrogen, methane and propane.  Diluents specified are propane, methyl ethyl ketone, benzene, sulphur dioxide-benzene mixtures and dichloroethane.  Oil remaining in the wax concentrate obtained by the flotation process may be removed by pressing or by treating with a solvent for the oil, such as methyl isobutyl ketone, propane, or a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone and benzene.  The oil to be dewaxed may be a gas oil.  A paraffin wax concentrate prepared by this process may be further treated by the solvent dewaxing process described in Specification 733,067, [Group III], using, for example, dichloroethane as solvent and the sodium salt of heptadecyl-9-hydrogen sulphate as the surface-active agent.
Patent GB-767610-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to methods of and machines for producing bags from a continuous tube of thermoplastic film
IPC: B31B70/00
Filed: 1954-06-25
Abstract: 767,610. Making bags. WINDMOLLER, A., and HOLSCHER, F. June 25, 1954 [July 2, 1953], No. 18768/54. Class 94(2). In a machine for making bags from a seamless tube of thermoplastic film, the tube 1 is continuously fed from a supply roll by feed rolls 2, 3, driven from a wheel 6 on a shaft 5 through an arrangement 8 which enables the rate of tube feed to be accurately adjusted, whereby during each revolution of the wheel 6 two bag lengths of the tube 1 are delivered into a loop 4 around a rotatably mounted drum 26. The wheel 6 may be replaced by one of different circumference to produce bags of different length. The tube is withdrawn from the loop 4 by intermittently operating feed rolls 9, 10 and 11, 12, which are driven from the shaft 5 through a crank rod 14 and a toothed segment 17 which is mounted for oscillation about a pivot 16. The segment 17 through a ratchet drive 20 rotates a gear 21 to drive the feed rolls 9, 11, through friction couplings 24, 25. The crank pins 13 and 15 are adjustable. When the tube is at rest it is transversely heat-sealed by members 27, 28 at intervals equal to twice the length of a bag. The cutting device 29, 30, is arranged to sever the web transversely in the middle of the weld during the stationary period of the web, and centrally between each succeeding weld during the advancement of the web. To adjust for different bag lengths, the cutting and feeding arrangements 29, 30, and 11, 12, form a common slidable unit 36, the drive to those members also being adjustable. Two or more welding devices separated from each other by double the length of a bag may be provided and the machine may be made sufficiently wide to take two or more webs running side by side.
Patent GB-143439-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sewing machines
IPC: D05B57/22
Filed: 1919-04-22
Abstract: 143,439. Twin Bobbin Sewing Machine Co., Potter, J. O., and Cooper, J. April 22, 1919. Sewing - machines; lock-stitching by hooks.- The bobbin-case a is substantially of double frustoconical formation, and the taper of the walls varies circumferentially. It is mounted co-axially within the supporting hoohring b. Fig. 4 shows a bobbin case in which the wall at 2 has a greater taper than the wall at 3; the part 3 being the part over which the loop passes when it is pulled by the take-up motion. One arm of the thread loop is .caught by the end r of a gap in the flange g and is directed over the back of the shuttle case; the other arm is deflected forwardly by a projection u, Fig. 1, on the hook ring. The under thread is tensioned by a plate x under which the thread passes in going from a slot w to an eye y. The spool is retained by a cross-bar z, which by its engagement with a stop n holds the shuttle case from rotation.
Patent GB-204790-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to conveyors for collieries and the like
IPC: E21F13/06
Filed: 1922-07-10
Abstract: 204,790. Chapman, W. H., and Goodall, J. B. July 10, 1922. Conveying from working face in mines. - A coal-face conveyer comprising boxes, troughs, trays or pans 11 drawn to and fro on a track 10, is constructed so that as the face recedes two centre units opposite the gate may be removed and the two halves of the track hauled into a more advanced position without disturbing the pit props. The track sections 10 are fitted with angle side plates 15 forming the tracks for the running wheels 16 of the trays 11. The trays are fitted with hinged flaps 22 which normally rest on the track, but drop as shown in Fig. 5 when over the gate and discharge the coal into trucks beneath. The track sections 10 are curved at the ends 10<a> and connected flexibly by quadrant plates 18, Fig. 4; they are normally connected rigidly by cotter pins 17, Fig. 5. When the conveyer track is to be hauled into a new position, the pins 17 are removed and the haulage rope for the trays is connected temporarily with one of the plates 18.
Patent GB-893361-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to hydraulic or pneumatic jacks
Inventor: FOWLER JOHN LAWRENCE
IPC: F15B15/12
Filed: 1958-06-12
Abstract: 893,361. Oscillating-vane engines. FAIREY CO. Ltd. June 8, 1959 [June 12, 1958], No. 18880/58. Class 110 (2). A pressure-fluid actuated jack comprises a vane 13, which oscillates between casing walls 18 to move a shaft 24, the working chamber walls being lined with synthetic resin 16. One or more sealing strips 25 is, or are, carried on the vane hub, or the adjacent casing wall, and the vane is also provided with a sealing strip 27. End-of-travel stops 28 are carried on the vane. The casing may be of cast metal and during manufacture fitted with a chromium-plated core and the synthetic-resin injected between the core and the interior of the casing to form the lining. One suitable material is polytetrafluorethylene. The sealing strips may be dispensed with. The vane and casing may be made of a plastics material such as polytetrafluorethylene. An overload relief valve may be contained within the vane.
Patent GB-205172-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to jigging or shaking machines for moulds, particularly applicable to moulds for moulding concrete blocks, slabs, tiles and the like
IPC: B28B1/087
Filed: 1922-07-10
Abstract: 205,172. Nagy, D. de. July 10, 1922. Shaking and jigging machines. - In machines for moulding concrete, the mould 3 is carried by a plate 2 mounted on a central ball-bearing 14, and provided with projections to coact with projections on a rotary disc 13. The projections on the disc are formed by a number of steel balls 15 arranged in sockets in a circle around the central ball 14, and those on the coacting member are in the form of radial ribs 20 provided on a thickened part 17. The portion 17 is provided with a central depression adapted to engage the top of the ball 14 and also with an annular recess 18 which receives a flange 19 on the member 13. The mould box 3 rests on two transverse ribs 16 formed on the upper surface of the plate 2, and longitudinal and transverse movement is limited by stops 23 on the upper surface of the top plate 4 of the casing 1, which project into recesses formed in the mould plate 21. The mould box may be provided with a bottom 25 which can be raised by rack bars 24 for lifting the moulded block, and with a pivoted cover plate 29, which can be operated through suitable gearing.
Patent GB-1188123-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Sterile Packaging
Inventor: HUDSON CLIFFORD HAROLD
IPC: B65B55/06
Filed: 1966-04-29
Abstract: 1,188,123. Sterilizing packaging material. GRAHAM-ENOCK MFG. CO. Ltd. and EXPRESS DAIRY CO. (LONDON) Ltd. 20 April, 1967 [29 April, 1966], No. 18891/66. Heading A5C. [Also in Division B8] A web of packaging material 12 is sterilized on both sides by passing it successively through two sterilizing stations 7 and 7a which each flame-sterilize one side of the material. The material passes over the water-cooled, wedgeshaped guides 6 and 6a (the sterilizing means being adjacent to the points thereof) and thence into a sterile chamber I with walls 13 and 14 the material itself forming one wall of the chamber, the "inside" surface having been sterilized first. Thereafter, it passes to a packaging station including means for forming it into a tube (2) and means for filling the tube from a reservoir 5 and separating the filled tube into individual packages (3). In the modification described with reference to Fig. 2 (not shown), the sterilizing means are high voltage spark discharge devices in which the discharge is struck between electrodes (18 and 18a) and earthed conductors within the guide rolls (17 and 17a).
Patent GB-893219-A (GB)
Title: Production of hydrogen chloride
Inventor: LANGLINAIS VERNON LOUIS
IPC: B26F1/36
Filed: 1960-05-30
Abstract: An aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid is treated with boric anhydride or a hydrated boric anhydride having a degree of hydration less than orthoboric acid, and the gaseous hydrogen chloride thus produced is recovered in substantially anhydrous form.  Specified hydrated boric anhydrides are metaboric and pyroboric acids.  Any orthoboric acid produced in the process may be dehydrated, e.g. by heating, and the resulting anhydride reused.  Preferably at least the stoichiometric amount of boric anhydride that will react with the known water content of a particular hydrochloric acid solution is used, and there may be a 15-40% excess of boric anhydride. Dehydration may be effected at 40-90 DEG  C. under reduced, atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure.  The process may be batchwise or continuous.  An example is given.
Patent GB-293320-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in temperature indicating devices
IPC: G01K5/32
Filed: 1928-07-02
Abstract: 293,320. A. C. Spark Plug Co., (Assignees of Zubaty, J.). July 1, 1927, [Convention date]. Thermometers.- Temperature changes in the radiator of a motor vehicle are indicated by means of a heat responsive element in the form of a, flexible expansion chamber carried bv the radiator cap, the expansionchamber being operatively connected with an indicator outside the radiator and also carrying a valve which is adapted to seat in the outlet from the engine cooling system. As shown, the radiator cap 14 carries a cup 22 having slots 24 through which extends the upper arm 50 of a yoke 28 carrying a valve 32. A flexible expansionchamber 52 containing liquid extends between the cup and the arm 50. A guide rod 42, secured at one end to the cup 22, and extending into a boss 48 within the outlet 36 from the engine cooling system, guides the valve to and from the seat 34. The arm 50 carries a rod 58 terminating in a head 66 on which rests the end of a lever 62 secured to a shaft 68 carrying a gear segment 70 meshing with a pinion on the shaft of a pointer 76. The whole of the apparatus is removable with the radiator cap.
Patent GB-1292744-A (GB)
Title: Farrowing-unit assemblies for pigs
Inventor: JONES FRANK ERIC
IPC: A01K1/02
Filed: 1970-04-22
Abstract: 1292744 Farrowing unit SALOPIAN-KENNETH HUDSON Ltd 30 April 1971 [22 April 1970] 19162/70 Heading AIM A farrowing unit comprises a cage formed from inverted U-shaped uprights 8, 9, 10 connected by rails 4, 5, 6, 7 and cam be removably mounted on a partition 1 and bar assembly 2 which are mounted in a pigsty. Partition 1, spaced from the end wall 14 of the sty, blocks one end of the cage and assembly 2 comprises bars 15, 16 extending from the partition and bar 17 on which the cage rests. Two gates 20, 29 are mounted' on limbs 21, 28 of the member 10. Gate 20 forms a closure for the cage and when swung through 180‹ acts with gate 29 to prevent the animal entering the spaces between the sides of the cake and the sty walls. On removal of the cage the partition and assemlbly still afford some protection to piglets. In another embodiment the cage assembly may be used' independently, e.g. by having feet engaging brackets in the pigsty floor and having one end directly mounted on the end wall.
Patent GB-1508482-A (GB)
Title: Radio receiver including a preselection circuit containing a varactor for tuning
IPC: H04B1/18
Filed: 1975-05-07
Abstract: 1508482 Timing arrangements; semiconductor gain control and limiter circuits PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 7 May 1975 [10 May 1974] 19168/75 Headings H3Q H3T and H4R In a radio receiver the output of a preselection circuit containing a varactor 9 for tuning is fed to an IF amplifier 16, which provides a control signal to control at 1, 2 the signal amplitude in the signal input path to the preselection circuit 8, 9 and to control the threshold voltage of a limiter 30 connected to the preselection circuit for limiting the A.C. voltage across the varactor so as to increase the threshold voltage with increasing IF signal amplitude. When (AVC) diode 21 detects a small or zero signal from IF amplifier 16 a transistor 2 is cut-off. When larger signals are applied to the diode 21 the transistor 2 turns on and an increasing amount of aerial signal current flows through the transistor 2 so reducing that through the transistor 1. Also the direct voltage across a resistor 29 increases the threshold voltage of a limiter diode 30 such that it remains non-conducting. When a large signal is received which is outside the tuned range zero signal is applied to the diode 21 and the AVC action of 1, 2 is inoperative. However as diode 30 now receives no threshold voltage from 29 it limits the voltage across the circuit 8, 9, 10. The AVC diode voltage is also applied to a second HF stage 14.
Patent GB-1112026-A (GB)
Title: Electromagnetic wave confining structures and electron tube incorporating them
IPC: H01J25/04
Filed: 1965-05-06
Abstract: 1,112,026. Thermionic cathode tubes. VARIAN ASSOCIATES. 6 May, 1965 [6 May, 1964], No. 19204/65. Heading H1D. An electron discharge device has a structure comprising a hollow body of electromagnetic wave permeable dielectric material and an electrically conductive coating on the exterior surface of the body to confine an electromagnetic wave therein, the coating being deposited by plasma-spraying. The dielectric material is ceramic and the conductive coating copper. A thermionic valve has two cup-shaped ceramic envelope parts 16, 20 joined together by a metallic disc seal 30 which supports a grid 32, one of the cups having a lip 40 thus forming between its conductive coating and the disc seal, a combination of a D.C. block and R.F. by-pass capacitor for the R.F. energy propagating along the electrically conductive coating. Both cups have centrally disposed inwardly projecting recesses 28, 34, one recess supporting the cathode 24, the other a fluid-cooled collector 36, a further D.C. block and R.F. capacitor being formed between the collector and the conductive coating. An R.F. coupling window of oval shape is formed in both resonators by an area of the ceramic members not covered by a conductive coating. The resonators may be rectangular, cylindrical or spherical, and may be of the coaxial cavity type.
Patent GB-737147-A (GB)
Title: Gasification of fuels
IPC: F23C3/00
Filed: 1953-07-10
Abstract: 737,147. Slag-tap furnaces; gasifying carbonaceous materials. UNION RHEINISCHE BRAUNKOHLEN KRAFTSTOFF AKT.-GES. and RUMMEL, R. July 10, 1953 [Aug. 21, 1952], No. 19236/53. Classes 51 (1) and 55 (1). A furnace for the combustion or gasification of fuel, the ash of which forms a liquid slag, comprises a slag chamber 1 partially filled with liquid slag 5, nozzles 2 through which is introduced air or a gasifying agent which maintains the slag in gyratory motion about a vertical axis, means 7 for introducing fuel, a slag outlet 9 through which the said vertical axis passes, and an outlet 10 for combustion gases. Part of the combustion gases pass out of the furnace through the slag outlet 9 and assist in maintaining the slag flowing through outlet molten, these gases subsequently being combined with those exhausted through the outlet 10. In modifications the fuel may be introduced above the surface of the slag, the air may be introduced below the surface or the air and the fuel may be introduced together. Specification 666,119 is referred to.
Patent GB-1351993-A (GB)
Title: Disc file agc circuit
IPC: G11B5/035
Filed: 1971-06-08
Abstract: 1351993 Automatic gain control BURROUGHS CORP 18 June 1971 [17 June 1970] 19322/71 Heading H4R [Also in Division G4] In reading data from a magnetic recording, particularly in a disc file system, a preamble signal is read out prior to the information signals, the peak amplitude of the preamble signal is stored, the peak value applied to a variable gain amplifier, the amplifier output compared to a reference value and the difference utilized to effect variation of the amplifier gain until the amplifier output equals the reference value, this value of gain is then held during subsequent read out of the information signals. As described a control unit 20, Fig. 1, detects the presence of the preamble signal to effect resetting of a peak holder 26, switching of the output of the peak holder to amplifier 30 and reset of a ramp generator 48. Peak holder 26 then charges to the value of the positive peak of the preamble signal and holds this value. The resulting output of amplifier 30, is compared in difference detector 46 with a reference voltage and, since resetting of the ramp generator 48 switches amplifier 30 to maximum gain the resulting difference causes a steadily increasing voltage to be generated by ramp generator 48. This results in a reduction of the gain of the amplifier 30, due to increase in the series impedance of f.e.t. 34 and 36 in the input circuit of the amplifier. When the difference between the amplifier 30 output and the reference signal is reduced to zero the ramp generator is disabled, to hold its output, and therefore the gain of amplifier 30, constant. Subsequently, at the end of the preamble signal switch 28 connects the head output to the input of amplifier 30 and the ramp generator remains disabled, so that its output is held constant, while the information signals are read out through amplifier 30, at the gain setting established on the preamble signal. The difference detector and ramp generator, Fig. 2 (not shown) comprises a differential amplifier (T 4 , T 5 ) which compares the amplifier output with a reference signal and whose output controls a switching transistor (T2) in the charging circuit of a capacitor (C2). The capacitor is discharged by a pulse from the control circuit applied to a further switching transistor (T1) at the commencement of the preamble signal and a second input to the switching transistor (T2) is provided, via a transistor (T3), from the control circuit as an enabling input during the preamble signal. The peak detector Fig. 3 (not shown) includes a capacitor (C<SP>1</SP>) charged up via a differential amplifier having feedback from the output on to one input. A switching transistor (T9) is provided to discharge the capacitor (C<SP>1</SP>) at the commencement of each preamble signal, on receipt of a pulse from the control circuit, and the output from the capacitor is taken via an f.e.t. (T11).
Patent GB-1467268-A (GB)
Title: Nuclear fuel element
IPC: G21C3/17
Filed: 1974-05-02
Abstract: 1467268 Fuel elements GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 2 May 1974 [9 May 1973] 19355/74 Heading G6C A getter disposed within a nuclear fuel element comprises a metallic substrate at least partially covered with a coating capable of gettering reactive gases, the substrate having a greater coefficient of thermal expansion than the coating. The fuel element comprises an elongated container 17 sealed at both ends by closures 18 and partially filled with fuel pellets 16 so as to leave a cavity 20 housing fuel retaining means, e.g. in the form of a helical spring 21. The getter may be in the form of strips 23 positioned inside the spring 21, or in the form of a cylinder 26 positioned between two adjacent fuel pellets 16. In the case of the strips 23, the substrate is either coated on one side only or on both sides. Suitable coating materials are Zr and Zr alloys, while the substrate may be comprised of Ni, Ni alloy, Fe alloy, stainless steel, Ti or Ti alloy. The getter is particularly suitable for the removal of H 2 , H 2 O vapour and other H 2 -containing gases. The coating develops a protective film, e.g. an oxide film, with the passage of time and this film when at reactor operating temperatures periodically fractures so exposing fresh portions of the coating to any reactive gases. With further passage of time, the fractures of the protective film grow into cracks in the coating exposing further portions of the coating. In another embodiment (Fig. 4) the getter 27 is in the form of a discrete particle (shown in section) having a coating 29 on a metallic substrate 28. Such a getter is suitable for admixture with nuclear fuel when in powder or pellet form.