Patent GB-228542-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electrical signalling & control systems
IPC: H02J13/00
Filed: 1925-01-27
Abstract: 228,542. Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co., Ltd., (Assignees of Wensley, R. J., White, T. U., and Gardner, J. E.). Feb. 1, 1924, [Convention date]. Selective distant control systems; tell-tale apparatus.-In a system for controlling and supervising at a control office, apparatus units such as circuit breakers, located at one or more substations, of the type comprising relay chains disposed at each station and operated synchronously through a complete cycle by impulses transmitted over the lines when any required selection is desired, means are provided for restoring the relay chains to their normal condition and restarting the cycle when the time-period between the commencement of successive impulses exceeds a predetermined value. Figs. 1 and 2 show the control station apparatus and Figs. 3 and 4 show the apparatus at the substation. Each circuit breaker C, Fig. 3, (one only being shown) is controlled by a key K, Fig. 1, and is associated with a relay in the group 300 - -.- 309. Similarly, the keys are connected to a group of relays 15 - - 24 which are operated successively and in synchronism with the relays ' 300 - - 309 by impulses of alternate, polarity transmitted over the lines 280, 281. When it is desired to select any particular circuit breaker, a '' start " key K<1>, Fig. 1, is operated to initiate. the, operation of the relay chains, which energize in sequence until the relays corresponding to the operated key K and the associated circuit breaker are energized. When this occurs, the operation of the relay chains is stopped and a current of predetermined frequency from a generator G or G<1> depending upon the position of the key is transmitted over the line 160 for operating the circuit breaker. When the unit operates, current from an alternating current generator G<2> or G<3> is sent over the same line to operate supervisory lamps and indicate the condition of the unit and restart, the operation of the relay chains. The relays, by operating through a complete cycle, provide a supervisory check upon all the apparatus units. The signalling line 160 is connected at each station to filter circuits F, F<1>, F<3>, F<5> which are. selectively responsive to the frequencies of the generators. Signalling automatic operation of circuit breaker C. Normally the controlling relays 206, 503 are energized over the lines 280, 281 and polarized relays 217, 511 connected in the line circuit are short circuited at the armatures 243, 528. When the relay 322 which is responsive to the load conditions at the substation is energized, the closing coil 323 and a relay 321 are energized in series. The circuit breaker C is closed and the relay 321 operates a '' start " relay 504 which opens the circuit of the relays 206, 503. When the relay 503 de-energizes, a relay 502 connects the lines 280, 281 to a relay 500 and a relay 320 is de-energized to connect battery to the counting relays 300 - - 309 at the armatures 41'7, 418. Similarly when the relay 206 deenergizes, battery is connected to the counting relays 15 - - 24 at the control office and a relay 209 is connected to the lines 280, 281. Deenergization of the relays 206, 503 also removes the short-circuits across the polarized relays 217, 511. Simultaneously, by reason of the energization of a relay 207, a buzzer 200 is operated to inform the supervisor that the apparatus is about to function. The relays 217, 511 are now energized in series by a current of such polarity that their armatures operate the relays 216. 512 respectively. The combined action of the relays 216. 209 energizes the lower winding of the counting relay 15 which completes a circuit for its upper winding. This circuit, however, is ineffective due to a short circuit across it so long as the line circuit is maintained closed. Similarly at the substation the relays 512, 500 energize the lower winding of the counting relav 300. The relays 15, 300 operate the relays 218, 510 to open the line circuits and by means of the relays 208, 501 reverse the battery connections of the relays 209, 500 to the lines 280, 281. When the lines 280, 281 are opened the counting relay 15 is completely operated since the short circuit across its upper winding is removed and a signalling circuit including a polarized relay 26 is prepared. The circuit of the lower winding of the next counting relay 16, is also prepared and the circuit of the relay 218 is opened to complete one point in the line circuit. The relay 300 at the substation completes a circuit extending from the generator G<3>, (which is connected in circuit by a relay 313 energized in the closed position of the circuit breaker), alternating current relay 314, filter F<4>, line 160, filter F<1> (which is responsive to the frequency of the generator G<3>) to relay 33. The relay 314 operates the relay 508 and thereby interrupts the control circuit during signalling. The relay 33 energizes the relays 30, 26, the latter causing the operation of the signal lamp 129 which indicates the " closed position of the circuit breaker. The relay 30 opens the signalling circuit and thereb-- de-energizes the relay 508 and completes the control circuit over the lines 280, 281. The relays 209, 217, 511, 500 are now energized in series. the polarized relays 217, 511 being operated in the opposite direction since the connections to the relays 209, 500 are reversed. The relays 217, 511 energize the relays 215, 513 respectively and thereby complete the circuits of the lower windings of the counting relays 16, 301 and actuate, the relays 219, 509 to open the control circuits and reverse the connections of the relays 209, 500. When the control circuit is opened the upper windings of the relays 16, 301 are energized to attract all the armatures. The circuits of the relays 15, 300 are opened and those of the next counting relays 17, 302 are prepared. The relay 301 also completes a signalling circuit which extends from the generator G<2> or G<3> depending upon the position of the apparatus unit associated with this relay and the circuit functions in a manner similar to that described above until the control circuit is finally completed and the operation is repeated. The remaining relays 17 - - 34, 302 - - 309 are operated successively in synchronism until finally the relays 25, 310 are energized. These relays deenergize the relays 206, 207. 502 and cause the energization of the relays 206. 503 over the lines 280, 281, in series with the battery B<4> and consequently the restoration of the apparatus to normal. Restoring to normal and restarting relay chains upon faulty impulse transmission. This is accomplished by slow-release relays 213, 214, and 514. 515 at thecontrol office and substation which are operated by the relays 216, 215 and 513, 512 respectively. Each slow release relay has a weighted armature which upon attraction breads the energizing circuit and upon release completes a contact in the circuit of a relay such as 212. During the normal operation of the selecting equipment, the slowrelease relays do not de-energize to release their armatures until the back contacts of their corresponding operating relays are opened. Thus, when for example, the armature 261 of the relay 213 swings past its normal position to establish a contact in the circuit of the relay 212, this relay remains de-energized since its circuit is open at the armature 266 of the relay 216. When, however, a fault is present on the lines and a relay, e.g. the relay 216, remains energized, a circuit is completed for the relay 212 and the relays 210, 202, 204 are operated. The, relay 210 operates a lamp 252 to signal the faulty condition in the circuit and the relay 212 de-energizes the relay 207 and thereby connects the relay 206 in the line circuit. Similarly, the relay 503 is connected to the line by the action of the corresponding slow-release relay at the substation. The relay 204 and a singular relay 505 at the substation energize the relays 205, 504 after an interval of time determined by relays 203, 506 to open the control line circuits over the relays 206,503. When the relays 206, 503 are operated the relays 29, 330 are energized to disconnect the batteries from the counting chains and release those relays which have been operated. When however the relays 206, 503 retract their armatures due to the breaking of the line circuits, the control lines are associated with the relays 209, 500 and the cycle of operations of the counting chains is restarted. Manual control of circuit breaker C. In order to open or close the circuit breaker, the key K is operated in the proper direction and the " start " key K<1> is depressed to energize the relay 203. This relay de-energizes the relay 206 and the control circuit functions to energize the first counting relays 15, 300, and complete a circuit from a generator G or G' over the operated contacts of the key K and the relay 15, alternating current relay 34, wave filter F<2>, line 160, filter F<3> or F<5> to relay 316 or 315. The relay 34 opens the control line 280 during the signalling operation and if it is desirred to close the breaker C the relay 316 closes a circuit for the relays 317, 319 from the battery B<5> through the contacts of the relay 300 in the chain at the substation. The relay 317 opens the control circuit and the relay 34 is de-energized to again close the line 280, while the relay 319 energizes the relay 311 and thereby energizes the " closing " coil of the circuit breaker C. Simultaneously with this operation a signal is sent from the generator G<2> to indicate at the control station the " open " condition of the circuit breaker but when the breaker is operated a supervisory signal is sent from the generator G<3> to indicate the " closed " condition. The capacity of the system may be increased by adding a counting relay at the control station and substation for each add