baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20090087431-A (KR)
Title: 방화문의 프레임 심체의 절단가공장치
Inventor: PARK JUNG KUN
IPC: B26F3/06
Filed: 2009-07-28
Abstract: 본 발명은 건축물에 있어서, 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있는 방화문 프레임의 심체절단가공장치에 관한 것이다. 더욱 상세하게는 본 출원인이 선출원 특허받은 특허 제889182호와 관련된 것이다. 
     선등록특허 제889182호는 난연 및 불연성 발포폴리스티렌 패널의 제조방법에 관한 특허로서 이 방법에 의해서 제조된 방화문의 심체는 가볍고 난연성과 불연성의 효능이 우수하기 때문에 해당건설업계에서 호평을 받고 이의 수요가 증대되고 있으나, 이에 절단가공기술이 개발되어 있지 않기 때문에 일일이 수작업으로 절단가공하여 심체로 삽입해야 하므로 인건비의 부담이 커서 실용화에 어려움이 있어 공급이 부진하여 대다수의 경우는 재래식 방법 즉, 방화문 프레임의 공실내에 불연재 또는 난연재를 모래와 시멘트와 물에 혼합하여 주입시키고 있는 관계로 이는 작업성이 더딜뿐만 아니라 양성의 시간이 필요하므로 건축공지 지연의 원인이 되는 폐단이 있었던 것이다. 
     본 발명은 이상의 문제점을 해결하고자 발명한 것으로 이에 해결하고자 하는 과제는 방화문의 심체로 사용되는 발포폴리스티렌 패널을 절단가공함에 있어 전열선으로 절단하되 전열선의 상하운동 및 전후진 운동은 브레이크 감속기(스토퍼 모터)를 이용하고, 이의 절단장치로는 몸체의 상부 중심부에 입설된 지지대의 전후좌우 지주간에는 렉기어를 형성하고 몸체의 상부에 별도로 설치되어진 구동체에는 좌우 축간의 상단부에는 피니언기어를 설치하여 상기한 브레이크 감속기로 구동시킴 으로써 상기한 전열선이 상하운동 되게하고, 지지대에 형성된 렉기어에는 몸체에 설치된 브레이크감속기에 의해 회전되는 피니언기어와 연동되어 구동체는 구동체의 전열선과 함께 전후진 운동하면서 프레임공실과 일체되는 형상의 심체를 속성으로 절단가공할 수 있게 한것이다. 
       
     방화문, 심체, 브레이크감속기, 렉기어, 피니언기어, 전열선
Patent KR-20110016295-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus for controlling the operation temperature of lcd device
Inventor: EUN SEOK KEE
IPC: G09G3/36
Filed: 2009-08-11
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus for controlling an operation temperature of an LCD device are provided to selectively operate a high temperature adjusting unit and a low temperature adjusting unit according to a temperature of an LCD case. CONSTITUTION: A high temperature adjusting unit(120) lowers the temperature of a case(110) when the temperature of the case is higher than a fixed temperature. A low temperature adjusting unit(160) increases a temperature when the temperature of the case is lower than a fixed temperature. A controller(200) controls operations of high and lower temperature adjusting units. The first temperature sensor(150) senses a surrounding temperature of the high temperature adjusting unit. The second temperature sensor(170) senses a surrounding temperature of the low temperature adjusting unit. A relay(190) selectively operates one of the high and lower temperature adjusting units by control of the controller.
Patent KR-20110008998-A (KR)
Inventor: KANG IN GYU
IPC: A63H33/06
Filed: 2009-08-18
Abstract: 본 발명은 큐브 조립을 위한 게임용 블록 세트에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 특히 사용자들로 하여금 지속적인 흥미와 문제 해결을 위한 도전 욕구를 지속적으로 유발할 수 있는 게임이 가능한 블록 세트를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 발명에 따른 블록세트는, 기초 단위큐브 3개가 연결된 3-블록 6개와; 기초 단위큐브 4개가 연결된 4-블록 4개; 및 기초 단위큐브 5개가 연결된 5블-록 4개를 구비하도록 하고, 이들 블록들을 양분하여 상기 3-블럭, 상기 4-블럭, 상기 5-블럭 상호 간을 조립식으로 결합함으로써 3x3x3 큐브 2개를 각각 완성하는 게임을 진행할 수 있도록 구성한 것을 특징으로 한다. 
       
     퍼즐, 블록, 큐브, 게임
Patent KR-20110020055-A (KR)
Title: Backlight unit
Inventor: KIM TAE HO
IPC: G02F1/13357
Filed: 2009-08-21
Abstract: PURPOSE: A backlight unit is provided to be arranged in a bottom cover, have a reflection film which is formed on at least one side of a light guiding plate, and have a light emitting module in one side or a lower surface of a light guiding plate. CONSTITUTION: A backlight unit includes a light guiding plate(110) and a light emitting module unit(120). The light guiding plate includes a bottom cover(140) and a reflecting film(111) which is formed on at least one side of the bottom cover. The light emitting module unit is arranged in at least one side surface or a rear surface of a light guiding plate. The reflecting film is coasted with a white PSR(Photo Solder Resist) link and uses at least one among a silver, aluminum, or platinum. The reflecting film is installed in at least one side surface of the light guiding plate as C shaped frame. The reflecting film is formed between a side surface of the light guiding plate and an inner surface of the bottom cover. If the light emitting module unit is arranged in at least one side surface of the light guiding plate, the reflecting film is formed in another side surface of the light guiding plate. If the light emitting module unit is arranged in a lower surface of the light guiding plate, the reflecting film is formed through out all side surface of the light guiding plate.
Patent KR-20100029030-A (KR)
Title: Vacuum circuit breaker
Inventor: SASAKI RYOSUKE
IPC: H01H33/66
Filed: 2009-08-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: A vacuum circuit breaker is provided to increase current capacity by reducing electrical resistance by attaching a radiation fin on the surface of a movable conductor. CONSTITUTION: A first main circuit conductor(6) is fixed to the end of a fixing conductive rod of a vacuum valve(7). A polygonal movable conductor(10) is connected to the end of a movable conductive rod of the vacuum valve. An operation movable rod(11) is connected to the axial direction of the movable conductor and is connected to an operation device(2). The operation movable rod is inserted into a second main circuit conductor(9). At least one flexible conductor(12) connects the side of the movable conductor and the second main circuit conductor. A radiation pin(15) is attached to one side of the movable conductor. The flexible conductor is connected to the rear and side of the movable conductor.
Patent KR-20110023345-A (KR)
Title: Cooling system for fuel cell vehicle
Inventor: KIM JAE YEON
IPC: B60K11/06
Filed: 2009-08-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A cooling system for fuel cell vehicles is provided to enable efficient cooling by directly flowing in external air into a radiator for electrically driven device due to a lower operation temperature than the operation temperature for a stack. CONSTITUTION: A cooling system for fuel cell vehicles includes a radiator for a stack(R1), a radiator for electrically driven device(R2), an air-conditioner condenser(C) and a cooling fan(FN). The radiator for electrically driven device is arranged next to one side of a radiator for a stack. The air-conditioner condenser is not overlapped with the radiator for electrically driven device. The cooling fan is arranged at the rear of the radiator for a stack and the radiator for electrically driven device.
Patent KR-20110034483-A (KR)
Title: Bite holder
Inventor: SHIN SUNG HO
IPC: B23B29/04
Filed: 2009-09-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A bite holder is provided to improve fixing strength for machining since an insert is welded on a bite holder by copper. CONSTITUTION: A bite holder(10) comprises a base end portion(11), an extended portion(12), and an insert(20). The base end portion is fixed to a bite bar. The extended portion is formed on one side of the base end portion. The insert is mounted on an insert placing surface of the top edge of the extended portion. The insert has a bite tip mounting surface(22) at the top edge thereof.
Patent KR-20110038222-A (KR)
Title: 스프링 안전봉
Inventor: LEE KYU IL
IPC: G09F21/02
Filed: 2009-10-08
Abstract: 본 고안은 다목적 안전봉에 관한 것이다.  
     기존의 안전봉은 그 사용에 있어 보통의 경우 안전봉을 이용한 수신호와 동시에 호루라기를 입으로 불어야 하는 불편을 감수해야 하기 때문에 본 고안은 기존의 안전봉에 스피커나 버저와 같은 발성 장치를 부착함으로써 기존의 안전봉이 갖고 있는 발광기능(도로교통 법규에 합당한 색) 이외에 부착된 스위치를 조작하는 것만으로 호루라기 소리를 낼 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 이와 같은 발성기능을 활용하여 사이렌 소리 등을 냄으로써 차량의 비상 운행이나 또는 고장 등으로 인한 주정차시에 주의 환기의 기능을 극대화할 수 있도록 한 것이다. 
     좀더 구체적으로 본 고안은 적색 및 여러 가지 색의 발광기능을 지니며 긴급 상황시 호각 및 싸이렌음을 발생시켜 차량 등의 통제 및 통제자간의 연락을 효과적으로 할 수 있고 등산이나 조난 등의 긴급 상황 발생시 사용 가능한 다목적 안전봉에 관한 것이다. 
     또한 차량에 부착이 가능한 자석형태와 도로 바닥에 세울 수 있는 오뚜기형태로 안전봉을 접었다 폈다 할 수 있도록 스프링 형태의 기능을 구비하여 부피를 최소화 하면서 보관에 용이하고 운전석 옆이나 조수석 옆에 거치하여 사용자가 바로 편리하게 사용할 수 있도록 고안한 것이다. 
       
     .
Patent KR-20110038299-A (KR)
Title: Method for repairing secondary barrier of membrane type lng tank
Inventor: JEONG WANG JO
IPC: B63B9/06
Filed: 2009-10-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for repairing a secondary barrier of a membrane type LNG tank is provided to effectively reduce the time and cost for repair by supplying an adhesive to a damaged portion of the secondary barrier through a hole formed in a primary barrier or hull. CONSTITUTION: A method for repairing a secondary barrier of a membrane type LNG tank comprises a step of forming a hole in a primary barrier or an inner wall of a hull(S110) and a step of supplying an adhesive through the hole to a damaged portion of the second barrier(S130). The adhesive supply step comprises a step of forming negative pressure in the opposite side to the hole around the secondary barrier(S131) and a step of injecting the adhesive into the hole(S132).
Patent KR-20110038327-A (KR)
Title: Wide band active circuit with feedback structure
Inventor: PARK CHUL GYUN
IPC: H03F1/34
Filed: 2009-10-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A wideband active circuit with a feedback structure is provided to remarkably improve the bandwidth by forming a feedback structure which feeds back a signal of an output terminal to an active load. CONSTITUTION: An active load unit(100) provides load varying according to control voltage, and an active circuit unit(200) is connected between the active load unit and the ground. The active circuit unit outputs a signal corresponding to a preset bandwidth among the input signals. A feedback circuit unit(300) is formed between an output terminal of the active circuit unit and the active load unit, and supplies the signal of the output terminal of the active circuit unit to the active load unit. The active load unit is formed between the power voltage terminal and an output terminal in cascode structure.
Patent KR-20110038752-A (KR)
Title: Composition of buchimgae capable of using a moulding machine and preparing method of buchimgae using the same
Inventor: NA YOUNG SIN
IPC: A23L35/00
Filed: 2009-10-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A Korean pancake dough composition and a producing method of Korean pancake using thereof are provided to offer the Korean pancake dough composition containing isolated soy protein. CONSTITUTION: A producing method of Korean pancake using a Korean pancake dough composition comprises the following steps: mixing the Korean pancake dough composition; molding the dough composition into the shape of the Korean pancake; heat-processing the molded dough composition; and freezing the molded dough composition. The Korean pancake dough composition contains material meat, squid, fresh vegetables, flour, corn starch, and isolated soy protein.
Patent KR-20110039072-A (KR)
Title: Mobile device and method for simulating article arrangement thereof
Inventor: LEE SEUNG WON
IPC: H04N5/265
Filed: 2009-10-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A mobile device and a method for simulating article arrangement thereof are provided to synthesize a product image with a background image and display the synthesized image so that a user may easily determine whether to purchaser the product. CONSTITUTION: A communication unit(11) receives a product image, and a camera unit(12) photographs the image of the background at which the product is arranged. A display unit(13) displays the product image and the background image. A control unit extracts the attribute information of at least one object included in the background image, adjusts the product image based on the attribute information, synthesizes the product image with the background image, and displays the synthesized image.
Patent KR-20110040303-A (KR)
Title: Method for controlling data tunnels for coordinated multi-point data transmission among base stations and transmitting data, and controlling device for the data tunnels
Inventor: HWANG HYO SUN
IPC: H04L12/28
Filed: 2009-10-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for controlling data tunnels for coordinated multi-point data transmission among base stations and transmitting data, and controlling device for the data tunnels are provided to supply efficient interface structure for inter-base station information sharing in a wireless network. CONSTITUTION: The resource of an estimated range for a cooperative multi-point transmission among base stations is reserved(402). If the data rate over the average value of the estimated range is required in the data transmission procedure through a reserved resource, the required data rate is compared with a maximum value(404,405). If the required data rate is over the maximum value, the use of the residual resources allocated to other session within the maximum value of the estimated range is controlled(410).
Patent KR-20110042912-A (KR)
Title: Air receiver and working fluid circulation system for solar thermal power tower
Inventor: KANG YONG HEACK
IPC: F24S10/30
Filed: 2009-10-20
Abstract: PURPOSE: A working fluid circulation system for a solar power generation tower is provided to allow working fluid to be recirculated and reheated, not to be discharged, thereby improving thermal efficiency. CONSTITUTION: A working fluid circulation system for a solar power generation tower comprises a reflecting plate which reflects the sunlight, an absorber which heats working fluid using the solar heat reflected by the reflecting plate, and a steam generator which generates steam using the heated working fluid. The working fluid is circulated between the steam generator and the absorber, not discharged to outside.
Patent KR-20110043986-A (KR)
Title: Method of visual representation of a virtual welding training
Inventor: JO DONG SIK
IPC: B23K37/00
Filed: 2009-10-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A visualization method of virtual welding training is provided to maximize the performance of virtual welding training by repetitively the training in a virtual welding environment similar to a real welding environment. CONSTITUTION: A virtual welding environment visualization unit(10) displays a virtual welding environment corresponding to a real welding environment and a virtual welding target. A virtual welding special effect visualization(20) displays virtual smoke or virtual according to virtual welding training for the virtual welding target. A bead expressing visualization unit(30) displays virtual beads according to virtual welding training for the virtual welding target.
Patent KR-20110043998-A (KR)
Title: A combined custody and mat winding device
Inventor: OH BYUNG CHOL
IPC: A63C19/04
Filed: 2009-10-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A mat winding and keeping device is provided to be easily moved to an installation and storing place and to immediately keep a reeled mat. CONSTITUTION: A mat winding and keeping device comprises: a perpendicular frame(4) which is formed into a trapezoidal shape and locates in the left and right sides; a main body(2) consisting of welded upper and lower link frames; a plurality of winding bars(10) in which an elastic fixed piece is attached; a pair of gears which are fixed to and coupled with to cross by a chain; a driving box(9) which is attached to the inside of the main body; and casters(15) attached to the lower part of the front and rear of a vertical frame.
Patent KR-20110044099-A (KR)
Title: Method of controlling loop bandwidth for optimal signal tracking of dgps reference receivers
Inventor: PARK SANG HYUN
IPC: G01S7/03
Filed: 2009-10-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method of controlling loop bandwidth for optimal signal tracking of DGPS reference receivers is provided to reduce signal acquirement consumption time. CONSTITUTION: An interrelating unit(10) generates correlation value by multiplying and integrating an early code signal and late code signal generated from a code generating unit(50). A phase discriminator(20) calculates phase error using the correlation value of the interrelating unit. A loop filter(40) eliminates a noise component of the phase error according to a control signal of a band width adjustment part(30). The code generating unit generates the early code signal and late code signal. The band width adjustment part controls the band width of the loop filter.
Patent KR-20110044499-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus and method for managing spectrum band
Inventor: LIM MOO SUNG
IPC: H04W28/18
Filed: 2009-10-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus and method for managing spectrum band are provided to reduce the idle frequency band by dynamically assigning frequency band. CONSTITUTION: A network operator checks traffic load of each service class. The network operator(N01) requests a requiring bandwidth. A frequency manager(200) checks whether a residual bandwidth is enough for assigning the requiring bandwidth. If the bandwidth is not enough, the frequency manager determines and assigns additional allocation bandwidth considering the service class of the network and priorities.
Patent KR-20110049337-A (KR)
Title: Clearance adjustable viscous damper for torsional vibration of engine crankshaft system
Inventor: KIM WON HYUN
IPC: F16F15/16
Filed: 2009-11-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: A clearance adjustable viscous damper for torsional vibration of an engine crankshaft system is provided to freely adjust clearance between a case and an inertial ring by allowing a cover to be assembled and disassembled. CONSTITUTION: A clearance adjustable viscous damper for torsional vibration of an engine crankshaft system comprises a dual cylindrical case(10), a mail screw(121), a case cover(30), and a female screw(311). The dual cylindrical case is composed of an outer cylinder body(12) and an inner cylinder body(11). The male screw is formed on the outer surface of the inlet of the cylinder outer body. The case cover is formed in a cap shape and is fixed to the outer body and the inner body through multiple bolts. The female screw, screwed on the male screw, is formed on the inner surface of an outer wing of the case cover.
Patent KR-20110050900-A (KR)
Title: One piece postbox door hinge
Inventor: LEE HYUN HO
IPC: E05D3/02
Filed: 2009-11-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A one-piece mail box door hinge is provided to make the center of a hinge pin placed near to the front of a door even the one-piece mail box door hinge is applied to a thick door. CONSTITUTION: A one-piece mail box door hinge comprises a screw groove(111), an integrated hinge(200), and a frame(300). The integrated hinge is formed by processing a ductile steel plate or a stainless plate having a screw groove and a hinge pin groove(201). The screw groove is formed to correspond to an integrated hinge. The frame is injection-molded using rubber, synthetic resin, or aluminum in order to protect the edge portion of the integrated hinge.
Patent KR-20110051707-A (KR)
Title: Customized biodegradable nowoven type mulching material for agriculture
Inventor: YEUM JEONG HYUN
IPC: C09J193/00
Filed: 2009-11-11
Abstract: PURPOSE: A customized biodegradable nonwoven type mulching material for agriculture is provided to decompose organic materials in the soil, to reduce soil pollution by suppressing harmfulness bacteria and breeding beneficial bacteria. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing a customized biodegradable nonwoven type mulching material for agriculture comprises the steps of: injecting non-woven fabric raw materials into a non-woven fabric molding frame; transferring the plate-like resultant to a plate transport unit; releasing the transferred material by a card machine; molding the released short fiber into non-woven fabric; precipitating and processing the non-woven fabric with natural adhesive; and passing the processed non-woven fabric through heating rollers.
Patent KR-20110051724-A (KR)
Title: Method of forming a semiconductor device
Inventor: LEE JI HYUN
IPC: H01L21/335
Filed: 2009-11-11
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for forming a semiconductor device is provided to increase the alignment degree of exposed masks used in a photolithography process, thereby obtaining reliability for the photolithography process. CONSTITUTION: A semiconductor substrate(101) defines first to third areas. A gate insulating film is formed on the second area and an insulating film for an alignment key is formed on the third area. Memory cells are formed on the first area. An insulating film(111) and a conducive film(113) are stacked on the semiconductor substrate including the gate insulating film and the insulating film for an alignment key. The conductive film, the insulating film, and the semiconductor substrate are etched so device separation trenches are formed on the first and second areas.
Patent KR-20110052385-A (KR)
Title: Navigation system for setting user data and method thereof
Inventor: PARK YU SIK
IPC: G08G1/0962
Filed: 2009-11-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A navigation system and a user data setting method are provided to protect personal privacy of a navigation user by recognizing navigation user and automatically setting user data. CONSTITUTION: A navigation system comprises a mobile terminal(1) and a navigation terminal(2). The navigation terminal comprises a blue tooth controller(22), a user data storage(23), a mapping data storage(24), a GPS receiver(25), and navigation controller(21). The blue tooth controller distinguishes a user through the mobile terminal and blue tooth communication. The user data storage stores user data. The mapping data storage offers mapping data. The GPS receiver receives GPS data. The controller indicates the current position using mapping data from the GPS receiver.
Patent KR-20110052925-A (KR)
Title: System for watching damages by harmful insects
Inventor: KIM HAK NAM
IPC: G06Q50/02
Filed: 2009-11-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: A disease and insect pest forecasting system is provided to enable an agriculture management center to notify mobile communication terminals about agriculture prescription based on image information of various sensors and cameras. CONSTITUTION: A camera(10) observes a farm. A temperature sensor(30) senses the inner temperature of the farm. A humidity sensor(40) senses the humidity of the farm. A forecasting trap(50) pre-observers the harmful insect. A management server(60) stores a signal which is received from the forecasting trap, the camera, the temperature sensor, and the humidity sensor. A farming management center(110) determines the period of controlling insect pests.
Patent KR-20110053586-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM HO KEUN
IPC: F02C7/22
Filed: 2009-11-16
Abstract: 본 발명은 가스터빈 엔진용 연소기의 점화장치를 개시한다. 상기 연소기의 점화장치는 연소기 라이너(15)의 외부와 내부의 차압에 의해 공급되는 공기와 연료탱크로부터 공급되는 연료가스의 혼합이 이루어지는 출구공간부(2a)를 갖는 본체케이스(2)와, 상기 연료탱크로부터 상기 본체케이스(2)의 출구공간부(2a)로 연료가스를 공급할 수 있도록 상기 본체케이스(2)의 일측에 구비되고 전측에 노즐팁(3a)을 갖는 연료노즐부(3)와, 상기 본체케이스(2)의 타측에 구비되는 점화플러그(4)를 포함하는 점화장치에 있어서, 사용되는 연료의 종류에 따라 상기 연료노즐부(3)의 노즐팁(3a)을 상기 본체케이스(2)의 기 장착위치로부터 가변시켜 고정시킬 수 있도록 상기 본체케이스(2)와 상기 연료노즐부(3) 사이에 끼워지는 스패이스링(5); 및 상기 연료노즐부(3)를 상기 본체케이스(2)에 탈착 가능하게 고정시키는 결합수단(6);을 포함하는 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 본 발명은 연료노즐부의 노즐팁을 점화장치의 본체케이스의 기 장착위치에 대해 가변시킬 수 있게 하여, 가스터빈 엔진이 판매되어 사용되는 어떤 국가 또는 지역에서 선호되거나 권장되는 연료를 사용할 수 있게 한다. 
       
     가스터빈, 엔진, 연소기, 점화장치
Patent KR-20110060715-A (KR)
Title: Method and apparatus for detecting received signal in wireless communication systems
Inventor: JUNG HOI YOON
IPC: H04B7/26
Filed: 2009-11-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A receiving signal detecting method in a wireless communication system is provided to reduce the complexity of computation in the detection of a receiving signal. CONSTITUTION: A receiving signal detection apparatus decides a sensing sequence(110). The receiving signal detection apparatus calculates a first frequency band and the size thereof(120). If the size of first frequency component is greater than a threshold value, the receiving signal detection apparatus detects a receiving signal(130,135). If i-numbered frequency component is smaller than the threshold value, the receiving signal detection apparatus decides whether i and T values are identical(140).
Patent KR-20110061320-A (KR)
Title: Paste dispenser and method for controlling the same
Inventor: CHO SOO HYOUNG
IPC: B05C11/10
Filed: 2009-12-01
Abstract: PURPOSE: A paste dispenser and a method for controlling the same are provided to discharge an accurate amount of paste from a nozzle and to optimally maintain the discharge stop pressure inside the syringe. CONSTITUTION: A method for controlling a paste dispenser comprises the steps of: (i) measuring the weight of the paste filled within a syringe(72); (ii) detecting the amount of the paste filled within the syringe based on the weight; (iii) outputting an optimal pressure within the syringe based on the amount of the paste filled within the syringe; and (iv) controlling the pressure within the syringe.