baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent AT-519784-B1 (AT)
Title: Maschine und Verfahren zum Profilieren und Verteilen von Schotter eines Gleises
IPC: E01B27/02
Filed: 2017-03-17
Granted: 2019-11-15
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft eine Maschine (1) zum Profilieren und Verteilen von Schotter (2) eines Gleises (4), mit einem auf Schienenfahrwerken (3) abgestützten Rahmen (18) und mit seitlichen Schotteraufnahmeeinrichtungen (9), die am Rahmen (18) einstellbar befestigt sind, wobei jede Schotteraufnahmeeinrichtung (9) mit einem Förderantrieb (24) beaufschlagt ist. Dabei ist die Maschine ( 1) derart ausgebildet, dass die oberen Umrisslinien (10) der Maschine (1) in einer Außerarbeitsstellung unterhalb einer Begrenzungsebene (11) angeordnet sind, die in Arbeitsrichtung (12) abfallend ist und einen Sichtbereich (15) einer Fahrkabine (16) eines an die Maschine (1) an deren hinterem Ende (17) ankuppelbaren Schienenfahrzeugs (5) begrenzt. Die jeweilige Schotteraufnahmeeinrichtung (9) umfasst eine Förderschnecke (23), welche um eine orthogonal zu einer zugeordneten Bettungsflanke (8) verlaufende Schwenkachse (37) mittels eines Verschwenkantriebes (38) verstellbar ist.
Patent AT-518562-B1 (AT)
Title: Rasenkanten-Abschlussleiste zur Anbindung von Nebenflächen
Inventor: DANIEL FEHKÜHRER
IPC: A01G9/28
Filed: 2016-04-29
Granted: 2018-07-15
Abstract: Es wird eine Rasenkanten-Abschlussleiste zur Allbindung von Nebenflächen (12) und zur Erleichterung des Rasenschnittes im Randbereich vorgeschlagen. Dazu weist die Rasenkanten-Abschlussleiste eine senkrechte Fläche in gezackter Bauform (1) zur erleichterten Erdeindringung und Stabilisierung auf, welche zur Vermeidung von Standflächenwasser und Abdeckung eines optimalen Schnittbereiches an eine um 3-5°aus einer horizontalen Fläche geneigte Radlaufleiste (5) anschließt, die wiederum in eine senkrecht gestellte, als Schutzwand gegen Verschmutzung durch Rasenschnittwurf dienende Fläche (2) übergeht, wobei eine mit der Unterseite der Radlaufleiste (5) verbundene Einschuböffnung (4) zur Aufnahme eines Unkrautvlieses, einer Gartenfolie oder dgl. vorgesehen ist, um effektiv ungewollten Graswuchs im Nebenbereich (12) verhindern zu können.
Patent AT-511135-B1 (AT)
Title: Antriebseinheit für einen stanzautomat oder eine presse
Inventor: WALTHER ANDREAS DIPL ING
IPC: B21J9/18
Filed: 2011-03-11
Granted: 2015-09-15
Abstract: Den Gegenstand dieser Erfindung bildet ei.ne Antriebseinheit für einen Stanzautomat oder eine Presse zum Bewegen eines Stößels mit mindestens einem Elektromotor (17), der einen Stator (4) und einen Rotor (6) aufweist, die konzentrisch zueinander angeordnet sind, wobei der Stator (4) drehfest mit dem Pressengestell (1) verbunden ist und eine Abtriebswelle (8) zum Bewegen des Stößels durch den Rotor (6) antreibbar ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist zwischen dem Rotor (6) und der Abtriebswelle (8) eine Schleppkurbel (5) angeordnet.
Patent AT-503025-B1 (AT)
Title: Photovoltaic collector arranging device, has guide rail with sidepiece that protrudes downward from another sidepiece in operating position, and third sidepiece that protrudes horizontal to wall from later sidepiece in operating position
IPC: F24J2/52
Filed: 2006-03-20
Granted: 2007-07-15
Abstract: The device has a carrier (3) for photovoltaic units, connection armature and pipe lines (5), and a guide rail bent in cross section, where the rail has a sidepiece (31) that is brought into an upper front surface of a wall for attachment and is horizontally aligned. Another sidepiece (32) protrudes downward from the former sidepiece in an operating position, where units are provided on the latter sidepiece. A third sidepiece (33) protrudes horizontal to a wall from the sidepiece (32) in the operating position.
Patent AT-514193-B1 (AT)
Title: Gebäude
Inventor: LACKNER WOLFGANG DIPL ING FH
IPC: E04B7/00
Filed: 2013-07-04
Granted: 2014-11-15
Abstract: Gezeigt und beschrieben wird ein Gebäude, dessen als obere Begrenzung vorgesehenes Dach eine innere Schale (3) und eine äußere Schale (5) aufweist. Sowohl die innere Schale (3) als auch die äußere Schale (5) sind aus Sparren (6, 7), die nach Art eines Hebelstabwerkes zusammengefügt sind, gebildet. In der Mitte der inneren Schale (3) und der äußeren Schale (5) sind Öffnungen (8, 9) vorgesehen. Die Sparren (6, 7) liegen auf Pfetten (2, 4), die an im Boden verankerten Stehern (1) angebracht sind, auf. Beschrieben wird auch eine Anordnung (35) zum Aufbauen eines Gebäudes mit einem Zelt (36), einem innerhalb des Zeltes vorgesehenen Drehkran (37), an dessen Stütze (38) schwenkbar ein Ausleger (44) mit Laufkatze (45) vorgesehen ist. An der Stütze (38) sind weiters Kragarme (46) als temporäre Auflager für die Sparren (6, 7) der inneren Schale (3) und der äußeren Schale (5) vorgesehen.
Patent AT-512954-B1 (AT)
Title: Ofenübergabe mit einem diskontinuierlichen Transportband
Inventor: HAAS JOHANNES
IPC: B65G47/00
Filed: 2012-06-08
Granted: 2016-04-15
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Transport und zur Übergabe von im Wesentlichen biegeschlaffen Formkörpern (1) auf eine erwärmte Fläche (2) wie beispielsweise ein Backband einer Backmaschine, wobei die Vorrichtung ein umlaufendes, angetriebenes, bandförmiges Transportband (3) umfasst, das um zumindest eine Umlenkrolle (4), eine Antriebsrolle (5) und im Bereich der Fläche (2) um eine Übergabekante (6) geführt ist, wobei das Transportband (3) als diskontinuierliches Band, insbesondere als diskontinuierliches Metallband ausgeführt ist, und dass das Transportband (3) im Anlaufbereich (7) der Übergabekante (6) im Wesentlichen widerstandszugentlastet ist.
Patent AU-646625-B1 (AU)
Title: Acoustic transducers
Inventor: CHEREK BOGDAN
IPC: G10K9/122
Filed: 1993-08-13
Granted: 1994-02-24
Abstract: A flexural mode acoustic transducer system for use in pulse-echo ranging systems has a radiating plate (2) of which even-numbered antinodal zones (A2, A4, A6, A8), counting from a drive connection (4) to a driving element (10) at the centre of the plate, are formed with rings of apertures (40) to reduce the radiating areas of those zones, thus reducing cancellation in the far field, and improving the matching of the device to the atmosphere into which the plate is radiating. The plate is backed by a sound deadening layer (32) on a flange (30) of a transducer housing (22), from which it is separated by a foil (34) which is non-adherent to the plate, and is preferably covered by an acoustically transparent fabric having a pore size small enough to exclude damaging particulates. <IMAGE>
Patent AU-698483-B1 (AU)
Title: Improved arc retract circuit and method
Inventor: DANIEL JOSEPH ALLEN
IPC: H05H1/36
Filed: 1998-07-27
Granted: 1998-10-29
Abstract: An arc retract circuit for use in a plasma arc system with a torch having an electrode and a nozzle, a power supply for providing a D.C. current, a power circuit for connecting the power supply across said electrode and a workpiece to be cut, a power switch for connecting the nozzle to the power supply when in a closed condition defining a pilot arc mode of operation and for disconnecting the nozzle from the workpiece when in an open condition defining a cut mode of operation, an amplifier for regulating said power supply to a first set current when in the pilot arc mode and a second set current when in the cut mode, and an arc retract circuit for shifting the power switch from the open condition to the closed condition, which arc retract circuit includes a current sensing circuit for creating a first signal representing the actual current applied by the power supply to the power circuit, structure for creating a second signal representative of a current level below the second set current, and switch operations structure for closing the power switch when the first signal is substantially equal to the second signal.
Patent BG-60892-B1 (BG)
Title: Herbicide composition
Inventor: DISKUS ALFRED
IPC: A01N47/06
Filed: 1985-05-21
Abstract: 1. Herbicidal agent, characterized in that it contains, as the active constituent, the compound 0-(3-Phenyl-6-chloro-pyridazin-4-yl)-S-(noctyl)-thio-c- arbonate mixed with the compound 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine and a chloroacetamide of the general formula  see diagramm : EP0165393,P8,F1  in which R1  denotes an alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or pyrazol-1-yl-methyl radical and R2  denotes a phenyl, 2,6-dialkylphenyl or trimethylcylclohexenyl radical, the term alky or alkoxy in R1  and R2 comprising 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
Patent BG-60518-B1 (BG)
Title: Imidazoquinoxalines
Inventor: SHAW KENNETH
IPC: A61K31/495
Filed: 1992-04-09
Abstract: The imidazoquinoxalines are strongly selective agonists, antagonists and inverse agonists of -aminobutyric acid brainreceptors. They are used in the diagnostics and treatment of bad mood, sleepiness and other similar disorders, in overdosing with drugs of the type of benzodizepines and for memory activation. The compounds have the formula where R1, R2, R3, R4, X & W have different meanings. The invention also relates to their pharmaceutically acceptable nontoxic salts.
Patent BR-0104591-B1 (BR)
Inventor: SEBIRE BENOIST
IPC: H04W72/04
Filed: 2001-02-16
Abstract: A communications system comprising a first station capable of communication with a second station over a wireless channel, data being carried over the wireless channel in superframes, each superframe comprising a plurality of frames and each frame comprising a plurality of timeslots; the system having: a first mode of operation in which a full rate data channel for circuit switched communications is defined by the allocation to that data channel of corresponding time slots in each frame; a second mode of operation in which two half rate data channels for circuit switched communications are defined by the allocation to each of those data channels of an equal number of corresponding time slots of frames in each superframe; and a third mode of operation in which four quarter rate data channels for circuit switched communications are defined by the allocation to each of those data channels of an equal number of corresponding time slots of frames in each superframe.
Patent BR-0113784-B1 (BR)
Inventor: MELIS SALVATORE
IPC: F16D65/28
Filed: 2001-08-27
Abstract: An actuator unit for a braking device, particularly for a vehicle parking brake, includes a casing (3) for supporting an electric motor (7) and a male-and-female screw unit (21, 23). The male-and-female screw unit comprises a rotatable element (21) connected for rotation with the output shaft (7a) of the electric motor (7) and an element (23, 25) which is slidable relative to the casing (3) as a result of the rotation of the rotatable element (21), the slidable element (23, 25) being associated with a transmission member (33) pivotable relative to the casing (3) and provided with a pair of arms to the ends of which respective brake-operating cables (41) are connected. The transmission member (33) is articulated to the slidable element (23, 25) of the male-and-female screw unit (21, 23) by means of at least one transverse pin (29) and the pin (29) engages a respective axial guide (32) of the casing (3) so that rotation of the slidable element (23, 25) relative to the casing (3) is prevented.
Patent BR-0206958-B1 (BR)
Inventor: GEBHART HERMANN
IPC: C08F210/06
Filed: 2002-01-30
Abstract: To meter catalysts into a reactor, the catalyst is firstly suspended in a hydrocarbon in a reservoir and the suspension obtained is kept in motion by stirring and then fed via a three-way metering valve and an ejector into the actual reactor, wherein the suspension containing the catalyst is firstly discharged from the reservoir by means of a pump and continuously circulated by returning the suspension via the three-way metering valve within a closed piping system to the reservoir, subsequently setting a pressure in the reservoir which is from 0.1 to 30 bar higher than the pressure in the reactor and then continuously introducing the suspension into the reactor via a flow meter which controls the three-way metering valve and via a downstream ejector by pulse operation of the now open three-way metering valve.
Patent BR-0211125-B1 (BR)
Inventor: REFSUM BJORN
IPC: E04B2/74
Filed: 2002-07-11
Abstract: A combination table (1) arranged for use as a baby changing table or a desk or a partition, including either two vertical side members (2) and one horizontal table top (5) and at least one horizontal shelf (7); or two vertical side members (2) and one horizontal table top (5) and one horizontal crossbeam (10) and alternatively one or more shelves (7) mounted between the side members (2); or at least two vertical side members (2) mounted together by its vertical edges.
Patent BR-PI0300770-B1 (BR)
Title: Complexos de metais de transição para tratamento de tuberculose, aplicação e preparação dos mesmos
Inventor: Diógenes Santiago SANTOS
IPC: A61K33/26
Filed: 2003-01-29
Abstract: "aplicação de complexos de metais de transição para tratamento de tuberculose, respectivos complexos e preparação dos mesmo". empregando complexos que atuam como bactericidas contra o organismo padrão do gênero micobacterium tuberculosis e outras espécies, divididos em cinco grandes grupos, consistindo dos complexos baseados na estrutura do íon pentacianoferrato(ii), cujas composições são baseadas na fórmula geral y~ 3~[fe^ ii^(cn)~ 5~l]xh~ 2~o; complexos baseados na estrutura do íon pentaamina de rutênio(ii), cujas composições são baseadas na fórmula geral [ru(nh~ 3~)~ 5~l](x)~ 2~; complexos do tipo cis-[ru(nh~ 3~)~ 4~yl](x) e/ou trans-[ru(nh~ 3~)~ 4~yl](x); complexos do tipo cis-[ru(nh~ 3~)~ 4~l~ 2~](x) e/ou trans-[ru(nh~ 3~)~ 4~l~ 2~](x); complexos do tipo cis-[ru(bpy)~ 2~yl](x) e suas respectivas preparações.
Patent BR-0312830-B1 (BR)
Inventor: ADRIAN TILL
IPC: C07C5/22
Filed: 2003-07-22
Abstract: In a continuous process for fractionating a C4 fraction (C4) by extractive distillation using a selective solvent (LM) in an extractive distillation column (EDK), it is proposed that a dividing wall (TW) is installed in the longitudinal direction in the extractive distillation column (EDK) to form a first region (A), a second region (B) and a lower combined column region (C) and a top stream (C4H10) comprising the butanes is taken off from the first region (A), a top stream (C4H8) comprising the butenes is taken off from the second region (B) and a stream (C4H6) comprising the hydrocarbons from the C4 fraction which are more soluble in the selective solvent (LM) than are the butanes and the butenes is taken off from the lower combined column region (C).
Patent BR-PI0318314-B1 (BR)
Title: vetor, célula hospedeira de fungo ou bactéria, e método para a produção de uma planta transgênica tolerante ao stress de água.
Inventor: DUNAN CLAUDIO MARCELO
IPC: A01H5/00
Filed: 2003-05-02
Abstract: "molécula de ácido nucléico isolada que codifica o fator de transcrição hahb-4, vetor, plantas transgênicas, semente, células hospedeiras, método para a produção de uma planta transgênica tolerante ao stress de água, molécula isolada de ácido nucléico, construto de ácido nucléico e método para expressar pelo menos uma proteína de interesse em uma célula, hospedeira". foi caracterizado um novo gene de codificação do fator de transcrição induzido pelo deficit da água ou pelo ácido abscísico de helianthus annuus, que tem um homeodomínio associado a um zíper de leucina. o fator de transcrição é útil para ser clonado em construções de dna para transformar células hospedeiras e plantas. as plantas transgênicas que compreendem o gene do fator de transcrição são tolerantes e resistentes às condições ambientais prejudiciais tais como o stress de água e a salinidade elevada. um ácido nucléico que promove a seqüência também é apresentado, no qual a seqüência é induzida pelo deficit da água ou pelo ácido abscísico. as construções, as células hospedeiras e as plantas transgênicas que compreendem o gene do fator de transcrição são apresentadas.
Patent CH-702739-B1 (CH)
Title: Brennstoffzufuhrsystem für eine Gasturbine.
Inventor: DEAN MATTHEW ERICKSON
IPC: F02C9/28
Filed: 2011-02-22
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Brennstoffzufuhrsystem (70) für eine Gasturbine, zu dem gehören: eine Brennstoffleitung (50), die einen Brennstoffverdichter (39) und stromabwärts des Brennstoffverdichters (39) parallele Zweige aufweist: einen kalten Zweig (55), der einen Nachkühler (51) aufweist; und einen heissen Zweig (60), der den Nachkühler (51) umgeht. Das Brennstoffzufuhrsystem (70) umfasst ferner Mittel (78, 79) zum Steuern der Brennstoffmenge, die durch den kalten Zweig (55) geleitet wird, und der Brennstoffmenge, die durch den heissen Zweig (60) geleitet wird. Das Brennstoffzufuhrsystem umfasst ferner eine Brennstoffvermischungsstelle (64), um durch Mischen von Brennstoff aus dem kalten und dem heissen Zweig (55, 60) einen der Brennkammer (30) zuführbaren gemischten Brennstoff zu erzeugen. Ferner weist das Brennstoffzufuhrsystem eine schnellarbeitende Brennwertmesseinrichtung (83 ) auf, die den Brennwert eines von der Brennstoffquelle stammenden Brennstoffs so schnell misst, dass durch die Mittel zum Steuern der Brennstoffmenge (78, 79) Änderungen an der Brennstoffzuführung noch so rechtzeitig möglich sind, dass der der Brennkammer (30) zuführbare gemischte Brennstoff eine Temperatur aufweist, bei der er unter Vorgabe seines gemessenen Brennwertes innerhalb eines MWI-(modifizierter Wobbeindex-)Sollbereichs liegt, für den die Gasturbine konstruiert ist.
Patent CS-236844-B1 (CS)
Inventor: HANYK VLADIMIR
IPC: D04H13/00
Filed: 1983-12-30
Abstract: Trojvrstvá textilie pro zhotovování klobouků,
baretů, svršků obuvi, potahů sedadel
a podobných tvarovaných výrobků.
Sestává ze tří vrstev, z nichž obě vnější
jsou tvořeny pleteninou určující vzhled výrobku.
Střední vrstva je tvořena osnovním
úpletem, jehož materiál má nižší teplotu
plastifikace než materiál obou vnějších vrstev.
Jednotlivé vrstvy jsou vzájemně spojeny
termoplastickým pojivém.
Patent CY-2350-B1 (CY)
Title: 2-(Indan-1-one-2-yl-alkyl)-1-phenylalkyl-piperidines and processes for their preparation.
Inventor: SUGIMOTO HACHIRO
IPC: C07D211/18
Filed: 2001-12-14
Abstract: Cyclic amine cpds. of formula (I) and their salts are new. - J is (a) a gp., opt. substd., of: phenyl, pyridyl, pyrazyl, cyclohexyl, quino(xa)lyl or furyl; (b) a monovalent or divalent gp., where the phenyl may have substit(s), of: indan(ol)yl, (iii) inden(on)yl, indan(edio)hyl, tetralonyl, benzosuberonyl, or C6H5-CO-CH(CH3)-; (c) a monovalent gp. derived from a cyclic amide cpd. (d) lower alkyl; or (e) R21-CH=CH- (R21 = H or (lower alkoxycarbonyl). B = (CHR22)r, CO(CHR22)r, NR4-(HCR22)r, CO-NR5-(CHR22)r, CH=CH-(CHR22)r, OCOO-(CHR22)r, OOC-NH-(CHR22)r, NH-CO-(CHR32)4, CH2CONH-(CHR22)r, (CH2)2CONH-(CHR22)r, CH(OH)-(CHR22)r, CH(OH)-(CHR22)r, = (CH-CH=CH)b, =CH-(CH2)c, =(CH-CH)d, COCH=CH-CH2, COCH2-CH(CH(OH)CH2, CH(CH3)CONHCH2, CH=CHCONH(CH2)2, NH, O, S, dialkylaminoalkylcarbonyl or lower alkoxycarbonyl; R4 = H, acyl, lower alkyl(sulphonyl), (substd.)phenyl, or (substd.)benzyl; R5 = H, lower alkyl or phenyl, r = 0-10; R22 = H or Me such that one alkylene may have no CH3 or one or more CH3; b = 1-3; c = 0-9; d = 0-5; T = N or C (i) Q = N, C or (i) q = 1-3; K = H, (substd.) phenyl, arylalkyl in which the phenyl may be substd. cinnamyl, lower alkyl, pyridylmethyl, cyclo(alkyl)alkyl, adamantanemethyl, furylmethyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl or acyl; and dotted lines is a single-or double-bond. - 1-benzyl-4-((5,6-dimethoxy -1-indanon)- 2-ylidenyl)methyl) piperidine hydrochlorideis and example.
Patent WO-03084753-B1 (WO)
Inventor: MUELLER ROBERT
IPC: B42B4/02
Filed: 2003-03-26
Abstract: L'invention concerne une agrafeuse comportant un cylindre de transport (03) et un cylindre d'agrafage (01), qui délimitent conjointement une fente (06). Le cylindre de transport (03) comprend au moins un dispositif de retenue (09) pour maintenir un produit imprimé (04) sur le cylindre de transport (03) et pour transporter ledit produit imprimé (04) à travers la fente (06). Le cylindre d'agrafage (01) comprend une tête de d'agrafage (02) pour placer une agrafe en un point prédéfini du produit imprimé (04) lors de son passage dans la fente (06). Un dispositif de compression élastique (11) est prévu pour exercer une force de pression dirigée à l'encontre du cylindre de transport (03) sur le produit imprimé (04).
Patent DE-2414960-B1 (DE)
Title: Gripper for forwarding longitudinal grid-welder wires - has middle gripper arm between two pivoted arms, all pointed
IPC: B21F27/10
Filed: 1974-03-28
Abstract: Gripper is for a feeder for cut-to-length longitudinal wires to a grid-welder. The gripper can part the wires from a supply stack and forward them longitudinally and mutually paralle. Each gripper has driven gripper arms on a mounting, movable to and from each other like tongs, and pointed at the free ends for penetration into the stack. When the arms are pivoted apart, a third, similarly pointed arm is presented in the opening between so that separate gripper openings can be formed between it and each of the two outer arms, each opening being able to grip a wire. This type of gripper enables two wires to be gripped and forwarded, close together.
Patent DE-2510855-B1 (DE)
Title: Coke oven charging gases combustion system - with glowing coke layer in reactor before combustion chamber
IPC: C10B27/04
Filed: 1975-03-12
Abstract: The gases which are released during the charging operations of coke ovens of the horizontal chamber type are exhausted to prevent atmospheric pollution. Before these gases are directed to a combustion chamber, they are passes through a reactor containing a glowing layer of coke. The coke temperature is kept to over 600 degrees C (1000 degrees C) and secondary air can be added to sustain this heat. The resulting water gas has a much improved inflammability and combustibility. Clogging by tar and sludged deposits is eliminated.
Patent DE-2513820-B1 (DE)
Title: Film conveyor used in film developing machine - requires actuation of only one switch for downward movement of film carriage
Inventor: SCHULZE WERNER
IPC: G03D3/14
Filed: 1975-03-27
Abstract: Film conveyor for film developing machine comprises conveying and guide rollers mounted loosely on shafts, of which the upper conveying rollers are driven without toothed rims. Each group of shafts consisting of an upper and a lower shaft is mounted in a frame (1) which is removable from a tank independently of the drive of the other units. the lower guide rollers are mounted in a vertically moving carriage bearing a control guide rod (91) which is fixed by a clamping screw (92). The film tensioning roller (97) at the wet end (5) is rendered inoperative by a magnetic coupling (98).
Patent DE-2619174-B1 (DE)
Title: Display or sales stand - made up from compartments with openings connected to central column base
IPC: A47F5/02
Filed: 1976-04-30
Abstract: The stand has compartments positioned one above the other for display of transparent packages for wristwatch straps. The bases of the compartments made of similar square shape are superimposed on to a base bowl in column form. The bases are connected to each other by stays fitted top and bottom with the compartments having openings on their outer sides through which the packaged goods may be moved out in drawer style. The compartments (1) are fitted with a radial cross of ribbed bars with drawers guided between the ribs (2) and the outer edges (5) parallel to them capable of storing several packs of goods. The stays and their fittings are made as grooves (3) let into the ribs (2) and springs (4) are attached below the ribs by which the compartments bases adjoining at the top and bottom may have a plug type or an adhesive connection.