baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-708247-A (GB)
Title: Electric signal amplifying arrangements employing semiconductor devices and transmission systems utilizing them
IPC: H04B3/36
Filed: 1950-05-30
Abstract: 708,247. Two-way' transmission. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO., Inc. May 30, 1950 [June 1, 1949], No. 13460/50. Class 40 (4) [Also in Group XL (c)] An electric signal amplifier arrangement comprises a transistor with emitter, base and collector electrodes, a first and second signal circuit each of which is connected to two of the electrodes, one electrode being common to both circuits, means for biasing the electrodes such that the current amplification oc exceeds unity and the arrangement being such that signals between the first and second circuits are amplified in both directions of transmission, with a gain exceeding unity. Fig. 8 shows a transistor amplifier arranged in grounded collector configuration. It is shown that by correct choice of the impedance of a source or load R G  between the base and collector the impedance of a load or source R L , between the emitter and collector, and the' transistor impedances re, rc, rb and rm, signals applied from a source Ra result in amplified signals appearing in load R L , and signals from a source R L  result in amplified signals appearing in load R G . The forward operating gain (R G  to R L ) is shown to be 4R G R L (-r e )<SP>2</SP> and the back operating gain (R L  to R G ) as 4R G R L  [(r m - r c )/# ]<SP>2</SP>. The impedances re, rc, rb and rm, represent the equivalent emitter, collector, base and mutual impedances of the transistor, as discussed in Specification 700,237 and # = r c  (r e  + R L ) + (R G  + r b ) (r. + R L  +r c -r m ). The question of stability is discussed and it is stated that this is achieved if# is made greater than zero. Modifications are described in which transformer coupling to the loads and sources R G , R L , is utilized, and in which the bias for electrodes is obtained from a single battery source by means of shut circuits comprising resistors and varistors connected to the base or emitter electrodes. A variable resistance in series with the collector may be provided as a means of varying the current amplification factor α, which equals approximately rm/rc. Fig. 14 shows the amplifier adapted for use in a two way transmission system comprising a coaxial line. Bias for the electrodes is obtained.from a remote source connected between the inner and outer conductors of the transmission line. The arrangement is particularly suitable for submarine cable systems. The invention is also applicable to transistors connected in grounded base or grounded emitter configurations. Specification 694,021, also is referred to.
Patent GB-495448-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to calculating and games-score registering apparatus
IPC: A63B71/06
Filed: 1937-05-13
Abstract: 495,448. Games-scoring apparatus. GODDARD, J. T. May 13, 1937, No. 13480. [Class 132 (ii)] [Also in Group XIX] In a games-scoring adding and subtracting device having means for indicating both the total score and the individual score last registered, the indicating devices comprise coaxial rotatable members connected together during a registering operation and then disconnected by relative axial movement so that the individualscore indicator can be returned to zero by a spring. In one form, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, each score or item is registered by rotating a knob 11 secured to a disc 9 carrying the numbers 1 .. 99 and to a disc 10 having peripheral notches engaged by pins 15 on a totals disc 3. The totals disc has two sets of numbers 1 .. 99 running in opposite directions for use in addition and subtraction respectively. A pin 25 on the totals disc 3 operates a hundreds indicating disc 27. Before the next score or item is entered, a slidable sleeve 5 is pressed inwards and pushes the disc 3 backwards to disengage the pins 15 from the disc 10. The discs 9, 10 and the knob 11 are then returned to zero by a spring 13. The zero position of the discs 9, 10 is determined by the engagement of a projection 32 on the discs with a stop 34 when the discs are turning anticlockwise. The discs 9, 10 may be turned through more than one revolution in the clockwise direction to enter a score up to 199, the projection 32 rocking the stop 34 to lower a tab 37 bearing the indication " 100." When the scores are being added, a slidable plate 31, Fig. 3, is moved to cover the outer rows of figures on the disc 3 and expose the inner rows. The figures on the disc 27 are hidden at the same time. The hundreds digit is then indicated by an arm secured to the disc 27 and moving behind numbered apertures 30. In another form, Fig. 5, the individual scores are entered by the manual rotation of units, tens and hundreds item rollers 2. Each roller has secured to it a toothed wheel 5 normally engaged by a detent 6. Before actuation, each roller is pushed downwards against the action of a spring 4 to disengage the wheel 5 from the detent 6 and engage it with a pin 8 secured to a total roller 1, the item thus always being entered into the total rollers. The item rollers are returned to zero by springs 17 when a frame 19 carrying the detents 6 is lifted by hand. The item rollers 2 have stops to prevent their being advanced through more than nine steps. The total rollers 1 are provided with pinions 9 engaged by detent rollers 10, Fig. 7, mounted on spring-pressed levers 11, arranged as shown. The pinions 9 are also connected by transfer teeth 13.
Patent GB-571604-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the construction of buildings
IPC: E04B1/18
Filed: 1943-08-19
Abstract: 571,604. Columns and girders. MILES, E. G. R. Aug. 19, 1943, No. 13517. [Classes 20 (ii) and 20 (iv)] Hollow columns 10 are provided with wall and floor supporting angle members 14, both being perforated. Adjacent columnar sections may be of differing diameter to permit of height adjustment. One side of the angle member is made longer than the other, the protruding portions being bent and welded to the shorter side to form ends. Metal, asbestos, plywood or plastic material may be used ; reinforcement of joints may be necessary in the case of plywood or plastics.
Patent GB-1503403-A (GB)
Title: Edge protectors on boxes
IPC: B65B53/02
Filed: 1976-04-02
Abstract: 1503403 Securing lids MAX SANDHERR AG 2 April 1976 [23 April 1975] 13522/76 Heading B8C [Also in Division B5] A cover 7 is fitted on to a box 1 of which an edge 6 is covered by a plastics film strip (see Division B5). After fitting the cover 7, a film strip 9 is stuck around the box in the area of the edge 6 with a portion 10 projecting upwardly. The portion 10 is heated and contracts to come to lie radially inwardly, position 10<SP>1</SP>, over an outer flange 11 of the cover 7. An end 12, Fig. 3, which may be coloured, of the strip 9 may be left to act as a tear tab.
Patent GB-135467-A (GB)
IPC: A21C11/10
Abstract: 135,467. Wolff, W. March 16, 1914, [Convention date]. Cutting-apparatus; pie-moulding machines. - Dish-shaped pastries are formed in a baking-mould a provided with a peripheral recess b. A sheet of dough d is placed over the mould and severed by a cutter e having a cutting-edge g corresponding to the wall f of the recess b, the edges of the cut portion falling into the recess b ; the dough is then baked. A number of moulds a may be formed in a single plate.
Patent GB-977695-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of gallium and/or indium
IPC: C22B58/00
Filed: 1961-04-14
Abstract: Gallium and/or indium are produced by working up a residue from the preparation of an alkyl aluminium sesquihalide by reacting aluminium with an alkyl halide, or a residue from the preparation of an alkyl aluminium hydride or trialkylaluminium compound according to the following reaction scheme: <FORM:0977695/C1/1> <FORM:0977695/C1/2> wherein p and T represent elevated pressure and temperature, respectively, and n is an integer. The residues may be worked up by any method known per se.  Thus there may be used physical methods of separation, e.g. evaporation, distillation, sublimation, flotation, centrifugal separation, and methods which take advantage of differences in magnetic properties and differences in density, for example, fluidized bed techniques; and chemical methods of separation, e.g. selective oxidation, amalgamation, electrochemical methods, and methods which make use of differences in the solubility of the components of the residue in various solvents. A preferred method for producing gallium, however, comprises drying the residue, reacting the dried residue with a halogen or a hydrohalide to form gallium halide in admixture with the halides of other elements present in the residue, separating the volatile halides which include gallium halide, from the mixture of halides, and treating the volatile halides with a non-aromatic hydrocarbon to preferentially dissolve the gallium halide, the gallium halide solution thereafter being treated in a manner known per se to recover gallium.  The gallium may be recovered by distilling off the solvent, and hydrolysing in an alkaline medium the gallium halide remaining.  In the above process, the indium halide may be separated from the mixture of halides remaining after the gallium halide has been separated, by making use of the differences in solubility of the halides in ethers, and the separated indium halide then worked up into indium.
Patent GB-218801-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in traffic signals for road vehicles
IPC: B60Q1/34
Filed: 1923-05-22
Abstract: 218,801. Race, F. F. May 22, 1923. Reel and non-endless web apparatus.-An indicating band' I for a road vehicle signal is wound on two rollers A, G, the upper roller A being controlled by a spring B and the lower G by a cable 0 operated by the driver. The indications are visible through an opening J in the casing and are illuminated from behind by a lamp M carried by the removable back L. The rollers are mounted in a slidable frame E, which may be removed to change the band. The band may be red, and a clear portion may be visible normally to serve as the rear light.
Patent GB-551225-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for fixing roofing tiles or sheets
IPC: E04D3/365
Filed: 1941-10-22
Abstract: 551,225. Roofs. HURDEN, E. Oct. 22, 1941, No. 13593. [Class 20 (iv)] Roofing tiles or sheets B are secured by clips F having an upturned end engaging the edge of the outer or upper sheet and traversed by a bolt or screw E which passes through the lower sheet and either into a wooden or around the edge of a metal purlin. A close fit is brought about by countersinking the clip around the opening for the screw head.
Patent GB-1460816-A (GB)
Title: Pressure monitors suitable for lung ventilators
IPC: A61M16/00
Filed: 1974-03-27
Abstract: 1460816 Pressure monitors VERIFLO CORP 27 March 1974 [4 May 1973] 13685/74 Heading A5T [Also in Division G1] A fully pneumatic pressure monitor (14) Fig. 2, (not shown), suitable for a lung ventilator having a pressurised gas supply 11 and an airway 12 for connection to a patient, comprises a pressure regulator 17 connected to said supply, an airway pressure sensor 23, a low-limit pressure detector 24 connected to said sensor, a pneumatic timer supplied with gas through a needle valve 105 and having a valve 121, 122 which opens when gas from valve 105 builds up to a predetermined pressure level to send an actuating signal to audible and visible warning devices 28, 29, the timer also being connected to the low-limit detector 24, which prevents opening of valve 121, 122 unless the low pressure limit is exceeded for a given length of time set by said timer, and a high-limit pressure detector 25 connected to the sensor and to a highlimit switch 27 actuable to send a flow signal to the warning devices if the high-limit is exceeded. A supply pressure detector 15 is also provided which actuates the warning devices if the supply pressure drops below a predetermined level. Each of the three different alarm conditions is characterised by the nature of the sound and visual warning, an uninterrupted warning indicating low pressure supply, a warning which is interrupted at the rate of the breathing frequency indicating pressure in the airway exceeding a desired level, and a warning with rapid interruptions or, alternatively, a periodic short warning, indicating that the airway pressure exceeds a higher desired level. A pressure relief valve 190 is connected to the detectors 24, 25 by a conduit 22, also connected to sensor 23, for relieving pressure in excess of a predetermined value. A filter 30 may be provided in the inlet 18 of the regulator.
Patent GB-699268-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to screens for sifting and straining
IPC: D21D5/04
Filed: 1951-06-08
Abstract: 699,268. Wire brushes. HURST, J., and RUSSELL CONSTRUCTIONS, Ltd. June 9, 1952 [June 8, 1951], No. 13689/51. Drawings to Specification. Class 19. [Also in Groups I and II] Brushes which are carried by an endless belt across the screen of a plan-sifter to prevent clogging (see Group II), may comprise a number of pieces of wire gauze from which a number of warp strands have been unravelled along one edge. The brushes may be attached to the belt by a pair of ordinary butt hinges each having one part riveted to the belt on either side of the brush.
Patent GB-1428177-A (GB)
Title: Device for printing characters by points
IPC: B41J2/25
Filed: 1973-03-22
Abstract: 1428177 Selective printer SOC D'APPLICATIONS GENERALES D'ELECTRICITE ET DE MECANIQUE 22 March 1973 [4 May 1972] 13806/73 Heading B6F The last printed character 16a is rendered visible to the operator by having the head of a mosaic printer chamfered at 9a.
Patent GB-1300449-A (GB)
Title: Appliance for surgical implantation for bone fracture fixation
IPC: A61B17/80
Filed: 1970-03-23
Abstract: 1300449 Polytetrafluoroethylene compositions METHODIST HOSPITAL 23 March 1970 [24 March 1969] 13828/70 Heading C3P [Also in Divisions A5 and F2] An inert frusto-conical washer 32 transmits the load between a metal screw 16 and a metal plate 10 when the screw is screwed into a fractured bone the washer reducing corrosion of the plate and screw and preventing abrasion of load bearing surfaces of the plate and screw. The washer is made from polytetrafluoroethylene resin having suspended therein reinforcing material such as particulate metal, fibrous metal, glass or quartz, or single crystalline filaments, the reinforcing material forming 15 to 50% by volume of the washer. The washer material may be made by adding the polymer and reinforcing ingredients to an organic solvent in a high-speed, high-shear mixer and filtering the resultant slurry to produce a filter cake having less than about 20% by weight of solvent. The filter cake is pressed between platens at 500 to 3000 p.s.i. and 170‹ F. for 1 to 5 minutes, run through the nip of rollers at 200-220‹ F. to reduce its thickness in steps of 20 mils. to a thickness betwen 20 and 80 mils., and run through the rollers at 320‹ to 360‹ F. to reduce its thickness by half during each pass, the material being folded double after each pass and run through the rollers at 90 degrees to the previous pass in the following pass. The rolled material is sintered at 640‹ to 660‹ F. for from about 30 minutes to several hours, followed by extended drying at 300‹ to 400‹ F. if required.
Patent GB-1207772-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in or relating to alkali metal chloride electrolysis
IPC: C25B1/36
Filed: 1969-03-17
Abstract: 1,207,772. Alkali metal chloride electrolysis. FARBWERKE HOECHST A.G. March 17, 1969 [March 22, 1968], No.13869/69. Heading C7B. In the electrolysis of alkali metal chloride using a mercury cathode, the electrolyte is recycled through steps including adding alkali metal chloride to the electrolyte from the electrolysis cell and filtering the electrolyte, while alkaline, to remove impurities before returning the electrolyte to the cell, and as a further step an amount of hypochlorite is introduced into the electrolyte before the filtration such that the electrolyte still contains hypochlorite after the filtration. Preferably the amount of hypochlorite remaining after filtration is 3 to 10 grams per cubic metre. Hypochlorite may be added as a solution of alkali metal hypochlorite or by forming it in situ by reaction of chlorine with hydroxide ions.
Patent GB-655637-A (GB)
Title: An improved preparation for the production of electrical insulating layers on metal
IPC: H01B3/10
Filed: 1948-05-24
Abstract: A paste for forming heat-resisting insulating coatings on metals comprises powdered silica of particle size not more than 10 microns, a sodium silicate binder and water.  Natural stone, clay or mud containing a high proportion of the fine silica as quartz may be used alone or mixed with pure silica.  In an example, 80 parts of silica to 15 parts of sodium silicate (1 Na2O : 2 SiO2) are used.
Patent GB-465228-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in prepayment meters
IPC: G07F15/02
Filed: 1936-05-18
Abstract: 465,228. Prepayment mechanism for meters. LANDIS & GYR AKT.-GES. May 18, 1936, No. 14010. Convention date, May 21, 1935. Drawings to Specification. [Class 27] Fraud, preventing.-A prepayment meter is provided with two coin pockets rotatable about parallel axes and both normally lying in a plane passing through these axes, the pocket into which the coin first passes being rotated manually to discharge it into the second and to close the insertion slot, the second pocket being then rotated automatically to set forward the quantity mechanism and discharge the coin. The first pocket serves as a trap to prevent access to the coin whilst in the second pocket where it controls the setting of the quantity mechanism. A constructional form of the invention is described which is identical with that described with reference to Fig. 1 of Specification 464,170.
Patent GB-1131916-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid
IPC: C07F9/38
Filed: 1966-03-30
Abstract: 1,131,916. Preparation of ethane-1-hydroxy- 1,1-diphosphonic acid. PROCTER & GAMBLE CO. 30 March, 1966 [30 March, 1965], No. 14088/66. Heading C2C. Ethane - 1 - hydroxy - 1,1 - diphosphonic acid is prepared by reacting acetic acid with an anhydride of phosphorous acid which has an anhydrizing power (as defined below) equal to or greater than 1, in an organic solvent which at least partially dissolves the reactants and their reaction products and has a boiling-point of at least 140‹ C., to form a reaction mixture containing phosphite intermediates, heating the reaction mixture to convert the phosphites to compounds containing carbon - phosphorus bonds and then hydrolysing with water to yield the ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid. The anhydrizing power is defined as the number of P-O-P linkages in a particular anhydride molecule which are required to form 1 mole of the required phosphonic acid. The preferred anhydrizing reagent is P 4 O 6  and other anhydrides of phosphorous acid can be prepared in situ. Satisfactory solvents include di-n-propyl sulphone, sulpholane, tetraehloroethane, dibutyl ether or mixtures thereof. Desirable proportions of acetic acid to the phosphorous anhydride range from 1À5: 1 to 20: 1. The hydrolysis step can be carried out at room temperature, but 90-170‹ C. is preferred. Work up of the reaction mixture can include a steam distillation step to remove the acetic acid and partially hydrolyse the product. Superheated steam is used. The required acid may be separated from the reaction mixture by solvent extraction, e.g. by H 2 O/CHCl 3 . The solvent used in the reaction can be removed after hydrolysis by separation from an aqueous layer or by chloroform extraction. The free acid product can be neutralized by the addition of a suitable base, e.g. NaOH or KOH, after the hydrolysis step. If excess anhydride is used, the product obtained is a condensate which may be hydrolysed to the free acid. The preparation of P 4 O 6  from yellow phosphorus and oxygen is also described.
Patent GB-118842-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Apparatus for Purifying and Drying Steam.
Inventor: PRADAIROL JEAN MARTIN
IPC: F22B37/26
Filed: 1918-08-30
Abstract: 118,842. Pradairol, J. M. July 7, 1917. [Convention date]. Separators. - A separator is provided with a steam-whistle g or other alarm device which is operated by a float f when the water collecting in the bottom of the separator casing rises above a certain level. The upper surface of the float forms a baffle, against which the steam entering through the downwardlydirected pipe b impinges. In a modification, a fixed hemispherical baffle-plate is fitted above the float. The water may escape from the casing through a valve secured to the bottom of the float.
Patent GB-1096665-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to variable attenuators
Inventor: MYNARD DEREK RALPH
IPC: H03G1/00
Filed: 1965-04-02
Abstract: 1,096,665. Gain control; transistor circuits. MARCONI CO. Ltd. Feb. 8, 1966 [April 2, 1965], No. 14108/65. Headings H3T and H4R. [Also in Divisions G1 and H2] A variable attenuator comprises a photoresistor illuminated by a plurality of lamps controlled so that for decreasing attenuation one is brought substantially to full intensity before another is appreciably energized. The lamps 4, 5 are fed from a constant current source 6, 7, 8, the current supplied thereby being controlled by a potentiometer 9. At low currents, the Zener diode 17 blocks energization of lamp 5 and lamp 4 is only slightly energized through the transistor 15. As the current from source 6, 7, 8 increases the current through lamp 4 increases until the lamp is fully energized, further current increase being bled off by diodes 12 and 13. At this current level, too, the Zener diode 17 conducts, and as the current from source 6, 7, 8 further increases more and more current flows through lamp 5 until both lamps are fully energized and the attenuation of photoresistor 3 is a minimum. The components may be chosen to give a linear or other desired functional relationship between the setting of potentiometer 9 and the attenuation of photoresistor 3.