Patent GB-190627438-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Mercerising and Sizing Fibrous Material.
Inventor: SAGAR IBZAN
Filed: 1906-12-03
Granted: 1907-06-20
Abstract: 27,438. Sagar, I. Dec. 3 Yarns, sizing &c. -Yarns, particularly cotton warps, are prepared, mercerized, sized, and dried upon one machine, which is stated to be capable of treating continuously 10,000 or more ends. The warp threads a are taken from back-beams, suitably mounted behind the apparatus, over guiding- rollers c, with or without an intermediate tension roller, to the first beck 1 containing boiling water or other liquid. The yarn passes over a small roller d<0> down to a partly immersed larger roller e‹, and then up to a pair of squeezers f<0>, g<0>. The top roller g<0> of these is preferably weighted, as by being made of metal, and may have a wrapping, for example, a flannel or cotton cloth jacket. The lower roller f<0> may be of plain cast iron. The beck may have one, two, or more such unit groups of rollers d<0>, e<0>, f<0>, g<0>, and the contained liquid may be heated by steam-pipes h. The yarn then passes to a similar group of rollers d<1>, e<1>, f<1> , g<1> in a second beck 2 containing caustic soda or other mercerizing- solution. It may be arranged to keep the solution at a uniform level. This beck 2 may contain any suitable number of units, say five. The larger, partly immersed rollers e<1> are preferably of iron or steel, and the top rollers g' may be rubbercovered, or iron or steel rollers may be used ; or the rollers may be suitably jacketed. The small rollers d<1> and the squeezers f<1>, g<1> are so set that the yarn bears on and is supported by the immersing-roller el both before entry and after exit from the solution. Large immersion rollers e<1> are used to enable, in particular, this " backing-up " action. The arrangement of rollers in each unit is preferably the same throughout the apparatus, but variations may occur, particularly in becks other than that containing the caustic solution. From the second beck 2 the yarn passes to a third 3, also provided with a convenient number, say five, of unit groups of rollers d<2>, e<2>, f<2> , g<2>, and containing cold water or solution for washing or other treatment. Preferably, a spurt or perforated pipe is provided to discharge on the yarn just prior to its entering the nip of each pair of squeezers f<2>, g<2>. The yarn is next sized in a fourth beck 4 provided with one or more roller units d<3>, e<3>, f<3>, g<3>, or other guide-rollers and squeezing devices, and containing boiling flour or sago starch or farina or the like. Finally, the yarn passes over drying-cylinders j<4>, k<4> such as are usual in ordinary sizing or slashing machines, through the usual type of split rods or separating-devices, and is batched upon the weavers' beams in the ordinary manner. The machine preferably comprises the following features :-(1) To enable the " backing up" of the yarn by the immersion rollers, the small roller d of each unit is made adjustable by carriage in baarings adjustable along the frames in grooves or slots, or by forming a number of steps or recesses dx, Fig. 3, in the side walls of the becks, or in plates or brackets, into which the shaft or mandrel of the roller d can be dropped. (2) Particularly in order to relieve the yarn from strain, the immersion rollers are positively driven. One roller of each squeezer, for example the lower, is likewise driven. To effect this, side shafts may be arranged gearing with one another and carrying bevel-wheels gearing with wheels carried by the shafts of the rollers to be driven.