Patent GB-431682-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to wetting agents and the like
IPC: C11D3/06
Filed: 1933-12-07
Abstract: The wetting, penetrating, &c. properties of aqueous liquids containing organic compounds having at least one terminal or substantially terminal water solubilizing group and at least one aliphatic or cycloaliphatic residue with eight or more carbon atoms are improved by the addition of salts of those phosphoric acids that contain less water than ortho phosphoric acid, but more water than metaphosphoric acid.  In examples, tetra sodium pyrophosphate is added to the sodium salts of the sulphuric esters of higher fatty alcohols, neutralized sulphonation products of glycerol mono ethers of higher fatty alcohols and to the sodium salts of commercial higher aliphatic sulphonic acids.  The mixtures may be prepared in the form of powders, flakes or shreds and may contain wetting, washing, cleansing, emulsifying and dispersing agents, soda, waterglass, borax, perborates, persulphates, percarbonates, sodium sulphate, or acid sodium sulphate.  In addition to the wetting &c. agents used in the examples, the following are specified: phosphoric and thiosulphuric esters of higher fatty alcohols, a -sulphonic acids of fatty acids, oxyalkylsulphonic acids etherified with higher alkyl residues or esterified with higher fatty acids, sulphuric, phosphoric or thiosulphuric esters of mono or polyglycols or glycerols partially etherified with higher alkyl groups or partially esterified with higher fatty acids or resinic or naphthenic acids, salts of higher alkyl esters of sulphocarboxylic acids such as sulphoacetic acid, sulphuric, phosphoric and thiosulphuric esters of aliphatic sulphones having an omega hydroxy group, of omega hydroxy aliphatic carboxylic acids esterified with higher aliphatic or hydroaromatic residues and of hydroxy carboxylic or sulphonic acid amides, carbonic acid esters and urethanes which contain both a higher aliphatic or hydroaromatic group and a residue containing a terminal group which renders the compounds soluble in water, carboxylic acids containing higher alkyl or cycloalkyl oxy or mercapto residues, e.g. semi lateral thiodiglycollic n-octylester, compounds containing numerous polyoxy or polyether groups such as are obtained by reacting alkylene oxides with higher alcohols or carboxylic acids or by treating sugar or sugar alcohols with alkylene oxide and esterifying with higher fatty acids or etherifying with alkyl halides.  The N-sulphonic acid group and the quaternary ammonium group are also mentioned as water solubilizing groups.  Higher alkyl esters of sulphoacetic acid may be prepared by reacting sulphoacetic acid with higher fatty alcohols. Sulphuric or phosphoric acid esters of hydroxycarboxylic esters are prepared by esterifying the hydroxycarboxylic acid with higher alcohols and treating with chlorsulphonic acid or phosphorus pentoxide in diethyl ether.  Sulphuric or phosphoric acid esters of hydroxy carboxylic or sulphonic acid amides are prepared by treating the corresponding carboxylic or sulphonic acid amides with chlorsulphonic acid or phosphoruspentoxide in ether.  A sample is furnished under Sect. 2 (5) of a washing agent comprising a powdered sodium polyphosphate, Na6P4O13, and a dry fatty alcohol sulphonate. Specification 397,445 is referred to.