Patent GB-705887-A (GB)
IPC: C08F220/44
Abstract: 705,887. Acrylonitrile copolymers. AMERICAN CYANAMID CO. April 25, 1952 [July 17, 1951], No. 10446/52. Class 2 (5) Copolymers are made by polymerizing a mixture of acrylonitrile and one or more compounds represented by the general formula: in which R and R<1> are hydrogen or methyl, R<11> and R<111> are hydrogen or lower alkyl radicals such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec.-butyl, tert.-butyl and pentyl, and n is 1 or 2. Numerous vinylamino and isopropenyl-amino aromatic compounds are specified, preferred being the aminostyrenes, p-(dimethylamino) styrene, 3-amino-4- methylstyrene, and isopropenyl aniline. The polymerizable mixture may contain additional monomers such as styrene, isopropenyl toluene, dialkyl styrenes, vinyl acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, acrylate, and methacrylate, the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec.-butyl, tert.- butyl, amyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, decyl, and dodecyl esters of acrylic, methacrylic, ethacrylic, and phenylacrylic acids, methacrylonitrile, ethacrylonitrile, phenylacrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, ethacrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide, N-monomethyl, -ethyl, -propyl, and -butyl and N-dimethyl, -ethyl, -propyl, and -butyl acrylamides and methacrylamides, and N-monophenyl and - diphenyl acrylamides and methacrylamides. Polymerization may be carried out in bulk, in solution in an organic solvent such as benzene, toluene, or xylene, or in an aqueous medium with or without a dispersing agent such as sodium lauryl sulphate, or the sodium salt of a long chain alkyl sulphate known as "Duponol" ES, using; if desired, bead polymerization methods. Polymerization may be carried out continuously or batchwise, and monomer may be added to the reaction mixture gradually. The reaction may be effected with the aid of heat and/or light and polymerization catalysts such as hydrogen, barium, and magnesium peroxides, ethyl, propyl, butyl, lauryl, oleyl, stearyl, tert.-butyl, tert.-amyl, acetyl, propionyl, lauroyl, stearoyl, malonyl, succinyl, phthaloyl, benzoyl, acetyl benzoyl, propionyl benzoyl, 2, 4-dichlorobenzoyl, and p-chlorobenzoyl peroxides, coconut oil peroxides, ascaridole, urea peroxide, caprylyl peroxide, diperoxide of benzaldehyde, hydroxyheptyl peroxide, 2, 2-bis (tert.-butyl peroxy) butane, tert.-butyl perbenzoate, di-tert.-butyl perphthalate, tert.- butyl hydroperoxide, tert.-amyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, "Tetralin" (Registered Trade Mark) hydroperoxide, ammonium, sodium and potassium persulphates, sodium and potassium percarbonates, perborates, and perphosphates, alpha, alpha<1>-azodiisobutyronitrile, and a mixture of ammonium persulphate and sodium metabisulphite. The copolymers can be dyed and may be used in forming fibres and filaments, as adhesives, in the treatment of paper, in coating compositions, and in moulding compositions which may contain fillers such as alpha-cellulose pulp, asbestos fibres, cotton flock, chopped cloth cuttings, glass fibres, wood flour, antimony oxide, titanium dioxide, sand, clay, mica dust, and diatomaceous earth. The copolymers may also be used to coat or impregnate a base material by polymerization of the monomer mixture in situ. Specification 594,999 is referred to.