Patent GB-1111001-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to surface-coating compositions
Inventor: SAFE KENNETH ALFRED
IPC: G01N27/72
Filed: 1964-03-31
Abstract: A surface-coating composition comprises, as the sole binder or a major proportion of the binder, a film-forming vinyl copolymer which either (1) is film-forming at normal ambient temperature (i.e. 5 DEG to 25 DEG  C.) and also capable of cross-linking at such temperatures or (2) requires heating to induce film-formation and/or cross-linking, and a filler material at least a part of which is of such a particle size that it is retained by a 60-mesh sieve (British Standard). The term "vinyl copolymer" includes copolymers of vinylidene monomers and copolymers of vinyl and/or vinylidene monomers with 1,2-disubstituted ethylenes.  The copolymer is either derived from monomers containing functional groups, e.g. methacrylic, acrylic, maleic, crotonic or itaconic acid, N-methylol acrylamide and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and other monomers e.g. styrene and alkyl acrylates and methacrylates or is reacted with a compound containing the functional groups.  In the examples, the filler used is a mixture of calcite spar and white calcined flint of mesh size - 10 to + 22. Other fillers specified are various sands.  The other ingredients of the compositions are, in Examples 1 and 5, a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate and N-methylol acrylamide, ammonium polyacrylate and water, the composition being cured using oxalic acid as cross-linking agent; in Example 2, a copolymer of ethyl acrylate, styrene and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, xylene, n-butanol and silica, the composition being cross-linked with toluene diisocyanate; in Example 3, a copolymer of styrene, n-butyl acrylate and acrylic acid, an ammonium acrylate-methyl acrylate copolymer, and water; in Example 4, a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate and methacrylic acid neutralized with dimethylaminoethanol and 2-methoxyethanol, the composition being cross-linked with a melamine -formaldehyde precondensate and in Example 6, a copolymer of styrene, ethyl acrylate, acrylic acid and itaconic acid, neutralized with dimethylaminoethanol, xylene, pine oil and silica, the composition being cross-linked with an epoxy resin.  Various substrates are coated with the compositions (see Division B2).ALSO:A substrate is coated with a composition containing, as the only binder, or a major proportion of the binder, a vinyl or vinylidene copolymer and a filler material, at least part of which is of such a particle size that it is retained by a 60 mesh sieve (B.S.S.).  In one embodiment, the ingredients of the composition other than the filler are coated on to the substrate and the filler is then scattered over or projected on to the coating.  In the examples, asbestos-cement sheet, marine plywood, mild steel sheet and foamed concrete block are coated with compositions containing calcite spar, calcined flint and (1) water, a methyl methacrylate/n-butyl acrylate/N-methylol acrylamide copolymer, ammonium polyacrylate and oxalic acid, (2) ethyl acrylate/styrene/2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer, toluene diisocyanate, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, silica, xylene and n-butanol, (3) styrene/n-butyl acrylate/acrylic acid copolymer, an ammonium acrylate-methyl acrylate copolymer and water, (4) a methyl methacrylate/n-butyl acrylate/methacrylic acid copolymer neutralised with dimethylaminoethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, melamine-formaldehyde condensate and water, (5) methyl methacrylate/n-butyl acrylate/N-methylolacrylamide copolymer, ammonium polyacrylate, oxalic acid and water and (6) styrene/ethyl acrylate/acrylic acid/itaconic acid copolymer, epoxy resin, pine oil, silica and xylene.  Coatings (1) and (2) are dried at 15 DEG C and coatings (3) to (6) at 150 DEG C.  The substrates are first sealed with a primer coat of the copolymer in aqueous dispersion or in solution.