Patent GB-631100-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with the construction of concrete buildings and like structures
IPC: E04G11/18
Filed: 1946-01-16
Abstract: 631,100. Moulding and erecting concrete buildings. ROSE, E. W. Jan. 16, 1946, No. 1482. Convention date, Jan. 16, 1945. [Classes 20(i) and 20(ii)]  Wall shuttering for casting concrete buildings comprises a pair of spaced frames supporting boards or panels defining the mould cavity. For cavity walls removable or permanent core shuttering may be arranged in the mould cavity. When casting several walls defining a room at the same time, ceiling shuttering may be supported on the inner frame and the ceiling cast integral with the walls. A floor may also be cast integral with the walls. Units comprising one or more rooms together with necessary fittings may be precast at a factory and subsequently several units assembled on site to form a house, a single roof slab preferably being cast over all the assembled units at the site. Fig. 1 shows shuttering for a pair of cavity walls at right angles. The frames comprise uprights connected in pairs at top and bottom by rails 15, 16 of angle sec tion. The corner uprights 12, 14 are of angle section and those in the length of the wall of T-section formed by welding two corner uprights together. The upright: have brackets, with tapered sockets to en gage tapered plugs on the ends of the rail: 15, 16. Boards 11, 13, rebated at upper and lower edges to engage over the flanges of the rails 15, 16, are clamped to the rails by angle members 25 which can be secured to the rails in either of two positions to accommodate boards of different thick nesses. The faces of the uprights and rail: facing the mould cavity constitute part o: the moulding surface. One or more retain ing bars 19 of channel section are disposec intermediate the rails 15, 16 and secured to the uprights by taper plug and socket joints. The rails and retaining bars are preferably adjustable in length by means of short extension members such as 19<SP>1</SP> to which the taper plugs are secured anc which are adjustably bolted to the mair parts of the bars and rails. Retaining bars on opposite sides of the cavity are con nected by tie bars 24 passing through slots 193 in the retaining bars. In a modification (the right hand side of Fig. 2), the retaining bars are flush with the moulding surface and upper and lower shuttering panels are secured between the bars anc the upper and lower rails, the bars having flanges 194 to engage flanges 113 on the panels and holes to receive pins 26 to hold the panels in place. Fig. 7 shows ar alternative method of securing the panels to the retaining bars. To enable the retaining bars to be positioned as in Fig. 1 and the left of Fig. 2 or as on the right of Fig. 2 at will using the same uprights the brackets on the uprights for the retaining bars each have a single socket to receive the plug of an adaptor having sockets to receive the plugs on the retain ing bars. Two sets of adaptors are pro vided, one for each arrangement of retain ing bars. The core shuttering comprise: opposed rows of boards 27, 28, matching slots being formed in the rebated longi tudinal edges of the boards to form holes through which pass at alternate joints ir the boards the tie bars 24 and the ties 29 connecting the reinforcement in the two parts of the wall. The core shuttering is supported in position by pairs of strips 34 Figs. 1 and 13, bearing against the board: 27, 28, and carrying socket members 33 with which engage plug members 32 or vertical bars 31. On disengaging the plug: and sockets after the concrete has set the bars 31 and then the strips 34 and board: 27 may be removed. When casting whole rooms ceiling shuttering is supported on the upper rails 15 of the inner frame by screw jacks 37, Fig. 8, having sockets 39 for the bearers 35 of the ceiling shuttering. The screw jacks are preferably separable from the rails and may also be used for supporting ceiling or floor shuttering on any base support. The gap at the angle between the ceiling and wall shuttering is closed by angle plates. If the ceiling is cast while the walls are still green, permanent core shuttering for the wall cavities is used and may comprise sheets of cement, plywood, cardboard &c. in two rows separated by wood battens. Alternatively the walls may be solid but in two parts separated by a waterproof baffle sheet, e.g. of asbestos cement. The ceiling cast may be integral with both inner and outer parts of the cavity walls and be cored for lightness. Alternatively the ceiling may be integral with the inner part of the walls only and have upstanding beams on which a roof slab integral with the outer part of the walls is ,subsequently cast. The shuttering for the beams is supported on blocks resting on the ceiling shuttering. The wall shuttering is supported and located on preformed foundation beams 10 having upstanding ledges 101 on which the inner and outer parts of the wall are formed. Alternatively and when casting a floor integral with the walls the uprights of the inner frame are supported on precast floor blocks 62, Fig. 19. The outer uprights may be supported directly on the ground or factory floor as shown or also on the blocks. Intermediate supports for the ceiling shuttering are also supported on blocks, all the blocks having projections or recesses to key with the concrete forming the rest of the floor. Room units made in a factory are preferably provided with lifting hooks cast into the ceiling to assist transportation.