Patent GB-371917-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of acetylene and carbon black
IPC: C07C2/80
Filed: 1931-01-22
Abstract: <PICT:0371917/III/1> <PICT:0371917/III/2> Carbon black and acetylene are manufactured by treating vaporized hydrocarbons, preferably methane, in an electric arc and cooling the mixture of gas and carbon black issuing from the arc first to a temperature between 300 and 100 DEG  C. by heat exchange with a cooling element, carbon black being deposited on this element, and then further cooling the gas freed from at least part of the carbon black to atmospheric temperature by bringing it into contact with a second cooling element.  The first cooling element may comprise an arrangement of narrow pipes through which water flows under pressure.  The carbon black separates on the pipes and may be removed periodically or continuously by knocking, shaking, or scraping.  The cooling elements may also be arranged so that they are continually removed from the place at which the carbon black is deposited to a place outside the hot gas current where the carbon black may be removed.  The maximum temperature permissible for the first cooling element varies with the constructional material employed, e.g. 300 DEG  C. with iron or aluminium, 200 DEG  C. with brass.  The second cooling, in cases when the gases still contain carbon black, is advantageously carried out in a large cooled hollow space into which the gases may be introduced in whirling motion, as described in Specification 371,916.  The carbon black obtained is grey with a tinge of brown or yellow and contains a small proportion of constituents soluble in ether.  It is very suitable as an addition to other fillers for the preparation of rubber from natural or artificial materials. In an example, a gas mixture containing hydrogen, methane, nitrogen and traces of unsaturated hydrocarbons, oxides of carbon and oxygen is treated in an arc of the type of the Schönherr furnace, whence the mixture of gas and carbon black passes first to a system of superimposed narrow cooled pipes, where it is cooled to 250 DEG  C. with deposition of most of the carbon black, and then to a hollow space cooler.  In the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1, 1 is a water-cooled arc space below which is a vessel containing tubes 2 through which water flows under pressure. Carbon black deposited on the tubes is scraped off by the water-cooled device 3 and removed by a conveyer wheel 13.  The gases pass to a second cooling device 5 in which they are cooled to atmospheric temperature by heat exchange with flowing water. In a modification, Fig. 2, a part 7 of the cooling devices is mounted on a rotatable shaft 8 and a part 9 of the cooling devices is rigidly mounted in the vessel 15 so that the devices 9 may be cleaned from carbon black deposited thereon by brushes 6 mounted on the devices 7, and vice versa.  The carbon black is removed by a worm 16 and a conveyer wheel 13.ALSO:Acetylene and carbon black are manufactured by treating vaporized hydrocarbons, preferably methane, in an electric arc and cooling the mixture of gas and carbon black issuing from the arc first to a temperature between 300 DEG  and 100 DEG  C. by heat exchange with a cooling element, carbon black being deposited on this element, and then further cooling the gas freed from at least part of the carbon black to atmospheric temperature by bringing it into contact with a second cooling element.  The first cooling element may comprise an arrangement of narrow pipes through which water flows under pressure.  The carbon black separates on the pipes and may be removed periodically or continuously by knocking, shaking or scraping.  The cooling elements may also be arranged so that they are continually removed from the place at which the carbon black is deposited to a place outside the hot gas current where the carbon black may be removed.  The maximum temperature permissible for the first cooling element varies with the constructional material employed, e.g. 300 DEG  C. with iron or aluminium, 200 DEG  C. with brass.  The second cooling, in cases when the gases still contain carbon black, is advantageously carried out in a large cooled hollow space into which the gases may be introduced in whirling motion, as described in Specification 371,916.  The carbon black obtained, which is grey with a tinge of brown or yellow and contains a small proportion of constituents soluble in ether, is very suitable as an addition to other fillers for the preparation of rubber from natural or artificial materials.  In an example, a gas mixture containing hydrogen, methane, nitrogen and traces of unsaturated hydrocarbons, oxides of carbon and oxygen is treated in an arc of the <PICT:0371917/IV/1> <PICT:0371917/IV/2> type of the Schönherr furnace, whence the mixture of gas and carbon black passes first to a system of superimposed narrow cooled pipes, where it is cooled to 250 DEG  C. with deposition of most of the carbon black, and then to a hollow space cooler.  In the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1, 1 is a water-cooled arc space below which is a vessel containing tubes 2 through which water flows under pressure.  Carbon black deposited on the tubes is scraped off by the water-cooled device 3 and removed by a conveyer wheel 13.  The gases pass to a second cooling device 5 in which they are cooled to atmospheric temperature by heat exchange with flowing water.  In a modification, Fig. 2, a part 7 of the cooling devices is mounted on a rotatable shaft 8 and a part 9 of the cooling devices is rigidly mounted in the vessel 15 so that the devices 9 may be cleaned from carbon black deposited thereon by brushes 6 mounted on the devices 7, and vice versa. The carbon black is removed by a worm 16 and a conveyer wheel 13.