baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-292798-A (GB)
Abstract: 292,798. Gardner, D. Aug. 2, 1927. Carbon.-Carbon of high purity is obtained from charcoal and other pre-carbonized material by first pulverizing the material so that it can be passed through a sieve of about 300-350 mesh per inch, then treating with an alkaline solution, washing, treating with an acid, washing again and finally heating to a temperature of the order of 1000-1300‹ C. or over. Alternatively the alkaline treatment may be omitted, and the material, after the acid treatment, heated under fusing conditions with an acid salt, e.g. sodium or potassium bisulphate, and the product stirred into water. In the example given ,the charcoal after grinding is treated with a boiling six-normal. solution of sodium hydroxide, the product, after separation from the liquor, being given repeated washings with hot water. The material is next heated with nitric acid of 36‹ BeaumÚ until evolution of nitrous fumes ceases, and then washed repeatedly with water as before.. By using sufficiently strong acid heating may be omitted. To produce a very light and velvet black carbon, the material is next heated, e.g. in an electric furnace, to 1000-1300‹ C. under vacuum, or in a neutral, reducing or oxygen-free atmosphere, after first bringing it to a finely divided state. By heating above 1300‹ C. carbon in graphite form is obtained. Alcohol or other organic solvent may be used for some of the washing, or may be added to the wash water. The product is very hygroscopic and is preferably incorporated in turpentine, tetrachlorethane, tetrachlorethylene or other suitable protective material. The starting material may be that obtained on carbonizing lignites, brown coal, &c., but is preferably produced by carbonizing beach, oak, and other non-resinous hard woods at comparatively low temperatures, preferably not over 300‹ C. The Provisional Specification describes the treatment of the finely divided precarbonized material with alkalies, acids, mixtures of alkalies, and mixtures of acids in any order, preferably with intermediate and final washings. One or more of the acid or alkali treatments may be replaced by heating under fusing conditions with an acid salt.
Patent GB-385385-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to feed heaters for marine and like return-tube boilers
IPC: F22D1/46
Filed: 1931-10-22
Abstract: 385,385. Heating feedwater. WALKER, F., 14, Norfolk Road, and LEWIS & SONS, Ltd., J., Albert Quay, both in Aberdeen. Oct. 22, 1931, No. 29286. [Class 64 (i).] In a boiler the tube plate 11 of the feedwater heater is fitted to an opening in the wall of the smokebox 13 in a completely detachable manner, this opening being of sufficient size to allow the heater to be withdrawn through it as a unit. A door 16 is provided in the header to give access to the feedwater space. A single tube plate and U-tubes 10 may be used or straight tubes between tube plates fitted to openings in opposite walls of the smokebox. As shown in Fig. 4 the tubes may be bent through a right-angle to bring the opening in the smokebox into the front wall. In this case all the front above the line 21 is made removable to allow of the feedwater heater being withdrawn. Fig. 8 shows a unit in which the tubes are divided into two opposing groups each bent through a right-angle as in the case of the single group in Fig. 4.
Patent GB-1420957-A (GB)
Title: Spacecraft
IPC: B64G1/64
Filed: 1972-06-22
Abstract: 1420957 Spacecraft BRITISH AIRCRAFT CORP Ltd 13 June 1973 [22 June 1972]  29345/72 Heading B7W [Also in Division F2]  A load 4 is supported in a spacecraft (1, Fig.  1) by two parallel piston-cylinder fluid units 23, 24, the spaces above the piston 23 being inter-  connected by a line 25, and the spaces below by a line 26. Movement of both pistons in the same direction is therefore resisted, but the pistons are allowed to move in opposite directions. The load 4 is supported (at the other  end) by a second pair of units (Fig. 4, not shown)  interconnected in the same way, but with their  axes perpendicular to those of the first pair.  One unit of each pair is on one side of the load,  the other of each pair being on the other side of  the load. In Fig. 5 (not shown), instead of  being separately mounted as in Figs. 3 and 4,  the units on each side of the load are mounted on a common system of guide rails, but remain  fluidically separate.  When the spacecraft flexes, e.g. from inertia  loads received during launch, the piston-  cylinder units prevent any forces being trans-  mitted to the load. However, when the spacecraft receives forces in the same direction the piston-cylinder units are effectively rigid and the forces are transmitted to the load.
Patent GB-982154-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric oscillator circuits
IPC: H03B5/34
Filed: 1962-07-31
Abstract: 982,154. Valve oscillating circuits. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd., and D. A. S. DRYBROUGH. July 31, 1963 [July 31, 1962], No. 29364/62. Heading H3F. In a valve oscillator, in which an impedance, as shown a resistor 2, is connected in the cathode circuit, and the grid, cathode and earth are connected respectively to one end of a series connected pair of capacitances, to the common point and to the other end of the pair and a resonant element-as shown, a number of piezo-electric crystals 8, 9, 10 shunted by trimming capacitors 14, 15, 16 respectivelyis connected between grid and earth, the pair of series connected capacitances comprises a cable having an inner conductor 18 and middle and outer tubular concentric conductors 19, 20 respectively. The negative resistance presented by the valve to the selected resonant circuit may be varied by connection of a variable capacitor in the lead between the cathode 1 and conductor 19. The arrangement facilitates the location of the resonant elements at a point remote from the valve.
Patent GB-490183-A (GB)
Title: Shoe with replaceable heel and method of manufacture thereof
IPC: A43B13/34
Filed: 1937-10-27
Abstract: 490,183. Heels for boots and shoes. BATA AKCIOVA SPOLECNOST. Oct. 27, 1937, No. 29402. Convention date, Oct. 27, 1936. [Class 17 (ii)] A heel 3 for a shoe is preferably of rubber and has a cavity 4 extending inwards from the breast face to close to the sides 5 of the heel into which is slipped the reduced unattached rear end of the sole. Fastenings, preferably driven from the inside, secure the heel and sole simultaneously to the shoe. The arrangement is such that when it is desired to renew the heel it may be torn away at the thin side portions 5, the heel fastening means withdrawn and the portion of the heel under the sole removed, and a new heel substituted and secured.
Patent GB-463985-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to variable pitch propellers, especially for aircraft
IPC: B64C11/42
Filed: 1935-10-25
Abstract: 463,985. Airscrews. FAIREY AVIATION CO., Ltd., and FORSYTH, A. G. Oct. 25,1935, No. 29509. [Class 114] Hydraulic actuating means for varying the pitch of screw-propeller blades comprise a double acting piston 30 slidable within the cylinder 31 upon a fixed central -guide 32, the piston 30 having two rods 33 extending parallel with the axis of the cylinder and being formed with skew gear teeth 35 meshing with a pinion 36 forming part of an irreversible gear. This pinion 36 is carried by a shaft 37 one end of which is screw-threaded into a bush in the propeller hub and an intermediate length of which is screw-threaded and passes through a nut 38 having a projection which engages a slot 39 in a flange on the blade root. The supporting guide 32 is formed as an axial extension of the hub 34. Specifications 399,313 and 443,750 are referred to.
Patent GB-243724-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in condensers for locomotives
IPC: B61C1/12
Filed: 1925-11-23
Abstract: 243,724. Aktiebolaget Ljungstr÷ms Angturbin. Nov. 26, 1924, [Convention date]. Surface condensers. - In condensers for locomotives comprising an air-cooled part consisting of condenser elements 1, 2 arranged on opposite sides of the condenser and cooled by air currents 11, 12 produced by fans 8 arranged side by side, steam is distributed to the condenser elements by one or more chambers or boxes 4, 5 on the same level as the fans and having a shape conforming to the periphery of the fans. The chambers have the same height as the wings of the fans and consist of several adjacent, cast-iron chambers, each cammunicating by a steam pipe with the steam and condensate receptacle 3, which operates as described in Specification 137,653.
Patent GB-427797-A (GB)
Title: Pasteurising apparatus
IPC: A23L3/12
Filed: 1933-10-25
Abstract: 427,797. Pasteurizing liquids in bottles &c. REID, R. G., Castle Cottage, and DANKS (NETHERTON), Ltd., H. & T., Netherton, both in Dudley, Worcestershire. Oct. 25, 1933, No. 29592. [Class 49] In apparatus for pasteurizing beer or other liquids in bottles or other receptacles in a tank, water or other heating liquid is to ensure mixing thereof, admitted at the prescribed temperature to the tank at a point or points adjacent the bottom of the tank and is drawn off at substantially the same or a lower level at a point remote from the inlet and returned to the tank at a point above the level of the primary inflow at or adjacent the top, finally passing out by way of an overflow remote from this secondary inlet. As shown, the tank 1 has a vertical baffle plate 2 extending around within it and spaced from the sides which, with a horizontal partition 3, forms chambers 4, 5 around which extend water supply pipes 6, 7 having perforations in the part adjacent to the partition 3. Water at the desired temperature is supplied to the pipe 6 from a pipe 8 which is connected to hot and cold water pipes through control valves. The water passes from chamber 4 into the tank and is drawn off through an outlet 14 in the centre of the bottom by a pump 15, driven by an electric motor 16, which supplies it through a pipe 17 to the pipe 7, the water finally leaving by an overflow 12 in the centre of the tank. Thermostatically controlled valves may be provided for controlling the temperature of the heating liquid supplied to the tank. The flow of liquid may be reversed so that it is from the centre outwards.
Patent GB-1534497-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for line-by-line exposure of a photo-sensitive record carrier
IPC: H04N1/192
Filed: 1977-07-14
Abstract: 1534497 Fascimile AGFA-GAVAERT AG 14 July 1977 [15 July 1976] 29619/77 Heading H4F Each line of a halftone facsimile recorded on film I transported in a direction A is exposed by oscillating a linear bank of LEDs 8 parallel to the line with amplitude equal to the LED pitch. The LEDs are energized n times per oscillation to achieve a resultant picture element pitch n times finer than the LED pitch along each exposed line 1a. Compound lenses 9, 10 and light shields 11 accompany each LED in an assembly 3 the entire of which is driven in sinusoidal oscillation by a solenoid 15.
Patent GB-251882-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to steering gears for motor vehicles
IPC: B62D7/16
Filed: 1925-11-24
Abstract: 251,882. Cappa, G. C., and Itala Fabbrica di Automobili. Nov. 24, 1925. Non-reactive mechanism; steering-gear.-The worm or other steering-gear casing 3 is arranged near the dash-board 1 and the rocker arm 4 of the gear operates a longitudinal shaft 9 through a link 6 and arm 7, another arm 10 on this shaft being connected by a transverse link 11 to the track rod coupling the stub axles.
Patent GB-1137334-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cathode ray tube display systems
IPC: H04N3/233
Filed: 1967-06-28
Abstract: 1,137,334. Non-linear function generators. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 28 June, 1967 [30 June, 1966], No. 29724/67. Heading G4G. [Also in Division H4] In a cathode-ray tube display system in which the beam is deflected from one point on the screen to another under the control of signals indicative of the addresses of such points the magnitude of the deflections produced are modified as a function of the position of each point to correct distortion caused by departure of the shape of the screen from a spherical surface, i.e. pin-cushion distortion. Referring to Fig. 3, successive sets of binary signals indicative of the addresses of the X co-ordinate of successive points are supplied to a register 25 (shown as comprising six stages although in practice a larger number are employed) which controls, the magnitude of current flow through the push-pull deflection coils X 1  X, via switches S 1 , #S 1 -S 6  #S 6  and resistors R 1 -R 3 , #R 1 -R 3 , the latter being so weighted that considering a central horizontal trace (i.e. Y = 0) the operation of any one switch S produces a linear deflection of the beam on the flat screen of the display tube equal in length to that produced by the operation of any other switch S. When the deflection departs from the central horizontal trace (i.e. when Y departs from zero in the positive or negative direction) the X deflection must be further modified as a function of itself and of the magnitude and sign of the Y deflection. This is achieved by means of resistors R<SP>1</SP> 1 -R<SP>1</SP> 3 , #R<SP>1</SP> 1 -#R<SP>1</SP> 3  weighted to provide a predetermined function (Fig. 2) of the X deflection which is modified in accordance with a function of the Y deflection (Fig. 5) derived via a generator 35 coupled to the Y deflection circuits 30, both functions controlling amplifiers 32, 33 and determining the magnitude of the additional deflection current flow through X 1 #X which the X co-ordinate deflection requires for complete correction. For correction of the Y coordinate deflection a similar function generator 36 is connected to the Y deflection circuits 30 which are similar to the X deflection circuits. Fig. 4 shows one of the function generators (generator 35) which includes a differential amplifier 41, 42, the latter being supplied with the voltage at the junction between the Y deflection coil 20 and resistor 22 which voltage is balanced out by potentiometer 40 when the beam is at the centre of the screen (Y= O), the circuit then operating when Y departs from zero in either the positive or negative direction to vary the number of resistors in the matrices 47, or 77 effectively in shunt with the emitter load resistors of the transistors 46, 78, the resistors being weighted to provide the required Y function (Fig. 5).
Patent GB-324092-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cameras
IPC: G03B17/53
Filed: 1928-10-15
Abstract: 324,092. Graseby, R. C. Oct. 15, 1928. Kinematograph apparatus.- A camera is enclosed in a fire-proof box which has means for closing the lens aperture on an undue rise in temperature; in a coin-operated camera as described in Specification 324,096, [Class 98 (i), Photographic cameras &c.], the coin aperture is also closed. A metal shutter 10 pivoted at 11 is held away from the aperture against the tension of the spring 14 by a temperature operated release means such as a fusible member 12 or a known type of thermostat.
Patent GB-991575-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of granular nitrogenous fertilizer
IPC: C05C1/02
Filed: 1962-08-02
Abstract: Granular nitrogenous fertilizers are obtained by mixing an aqueous nitrogenous material with sufficient, at least partially dehydrated calcium sulphate to absorb chemically the free water as water of crystallization, to obtain dry granules without the need for external heating. The aqueous nitrogenous material may be a solution of ammonium nitrate, urea or non-polymerized urea and formaldehyde.  The granules also may be coated with calcium sulphate.  The mixture also may include phosphatic slimes. Examples are given.
Patent GB-211919-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in metal backed matrices for use in the manufacture of gramophone records and the like, and in the production of the same
IPC: B29C33/30
Filed: 1922-10-31
Abstract: 211,919. Marks, E. C. R., (Columbia Graphophone Manufacturing Co.). Oct. 31, 1922. Pressing dies; moulding phonograph records. - Relates to metal backed matrices for pressing gramaphone records &c. and consists in securing the matrix shell under tension upon a backing of metal having a coefficient of expansion differing from that of the shell. As shown, the copper matrix shell 12 is secured to a steel slab 10 by a central clamping bush or post 13, Fig. 3, and a peripheral clamping-ring 14, Fig. 4, the matrix being first clamped at the centre to the slab, then the two heated to a temperature above the working temperature, the clamping-ring applied and the whole allowed to cool. The clamp 13 is furnished with a disc head 15 which is adapted to lie flush with the face of the matrix 12 and is bevelled at 18 to clamp the central portion 20 of the matrix within a bevelled recess 19 in the slab 10 A nut 16, let into the slab 10, engages a threaded portion of the member 13 and is furnished with openings 17 for a wrench. The ring 14 is seated at 21 on the slab 10 and is secured thereto by screws 23; and is furnished with a sharp-edged, annular clamping jaw 22.
Patent GB-719439-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tobacco smoke filters
IPC: A24D3/04
Filed: 1952-11-25
Abstract: 719,439. Tobacco smoke filters. MULLER, P. A. Nov. 25, 1952 [Nov. 27, 1951], No. 29856/52. Class 130 An elongated cylindrical filter body as for cigarettes is composed of fibres which are of random orientation so as substantially to obviate longitudinal through passages, are matted together to render the body coherent and self-supporting and are arranged in transverse strata 12, 13 of alternately greater and lesser fibre density respectively. The strata may be flat or irregular discs, hollow cones or a transitional combination of discs and cones as shown, the cone axes not necessarily coinciding with or lying parallel to the filter axis. The strata may be thicker at the filter ends than at its centre or vice versa and may consist of wood cellulose fibres with, if desired, other cellulose fibres such as of cotton or wool, when preferably at least half the total weight should be of wood cellulose. Inorganic fibres of mineral nature. such as asbestos, or of synthetic nature, such as nylon, may be used, especially as additions to wood cellulose. The filter body may be formed by mixing or vibrating a wet pulpy mass of the fibres used, to secure random fibre orientation, and draining it from a container through a water-permeable tube, to which sufficient pressure is then applied to eliminate much of the water from the pulp and produce a strand which is dried and shaped under a periodically varying pressure to produce alternate dense and loose strata that remain coherent.
Patent GB-172289-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the continuous manufacture of glass tubes, rods or like bodies
IPC: C03B17/04
Filed: 1921-11-09
Abstract: 172,289. Naamlooze Vennootschap Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken. Dec. 2, 1920, [Convention date]. Drawing.-Relates to drawing glass tubing or rods continuously from a supply of the molten metal. According to the invention, the molten metal flows from a tank 1 into an inclined rotating cylindrical chamber C which may be heated electrically or otherwise. It is drawn from the lower end, either by hand or mechanically, in the form of a tube T, Fig. 1, or of a rod R,. Fig. 5.
Patent GB-1419360-A (GB)
Title: Composite maltitol powder
IPC: A23L33/20
Filed: 1974-07-05
Abstract: 1419360 Sugar substitute NIKKEN CHEMICALS CO Ltd 5 July 1974 [7 July 1973] 29967/74 Heading A2B  A low caking maltitol sugar substitute comprises core particles containing at least 50% by weight of maltitol coated with particles of a sugar alcohol having low hygroscopicity (as defined) having diameters of less than ¢ the diameters of the core particles. The maltitol may contain sorbitol, hydrogenated digosaccharides and hydrogenated dextrin. Specified sugar alcohols include sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol and hydrogenated dry starch syrup solids. Other sweeteners e.g. saccharin may be added to the core or coating particles. The preparation may be prepared by mixing the core particles and the coating particles in a heated mixer, the sugar alcohol particles being used in the range of 30-100 wt. parts to 100 wt. parts of maltitol core particles.
Patent GB-352836-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to modulating circuits for radio transmission and the like
IPC: H03C1/30
Filed: 1930-10-07
Abstract: 352,836. Valve generating and modulating circuits. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London.-(Assignees of Douglas, N. ; 1622, New Hampshire Street, Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.) Oct. 7, 1930, No. 30015. Convention date, Oct. 7, 1929. [Class 40 (v).] The output from a valve generator is modulated by means of a coil connected in the H.T. supply to the valve, said coil being traversed by currents representing the signal to be transmitted. As shown, the valve has two anodes 2, 3 on opposite sides of a linear cathode 4. One anode 3 is kept at a fixed potential by a source 14, whilst the other anode 2 is connected to the cathode through a coil 9 and source 15. Oscillations are taken off by a circuit 18 coupled to a coil 5 which in series with a condenser 6 forms a tuned circuit across the anode 2 and the cathode. Signals from a microphone 11 are supplied to the grid of an amplifier 10, the plate circuit of which includes the coil 9 and the source 15. In a modification (Fig. 1 not shown) the elements 5, 6 are in parallel between the two anodes 2, 3 ; and a single H.T. source supplies the anodes through the coil 9 which is connected to the mid-point of the coil 5. For short waves the condenser 6 may be omitted, and the inductance of the anode leads may render the coil 5 unnecessary. A constant magnetic field parallel to the cathode is maintained by an external coil 16 energized by a battery 17. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that the microphone may be in the circuit of the coil 16. This subjectmatter is referred to in Specification 336,138, [Class 40 (v), Wireless signalling &c.], and does not appear in the present Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-229758-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in tentering clip chains
IPC: F16G13/06
Filed: 1923-11-29
Abstract: 229,758. Liebert, H. A. E. Nov. 29, 1923. Joints pins. - To prevent the lubricating oil in the pivots of a tintering clip chain from soiling the material passing through the tintering machine, each pivot pin 1 is provided with an axial hole 2, shouldered at 3, a compression spring 8 bearing against the shoulder and holding a cap 4 over the end of the pin. The opposite end of the pin is conical and is provided with projections 10 which engage in slots in the link 5 to prevent the pin from rotating. The spring is formed with a hook 9 whch engages an internal eye 7 on the cap, thus securing both the cap and the pin in position.