baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-982831-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to hydraulic control systems
Inventor: LEVINGTON HENRY JOHN
IPC: H05B7/156
Filed: 1960-04-26
Abstract: 982,831. Automatic control. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. May 1, 1961 [April 26, 1960], No. 14636/60. Heading G3R. A hydraulic control system controlling a movable member in response to electrical signals comprises distributing valve 4 which admits a hydraulic fluid from a pump 3 through a pipe D to a ram 1 or exhausts it to a reservoir 2, the valve being operated by a Haust motor comprising a permanent magnet 7 arranged coaxially with the valve spool 8 which has a moving coil 9 attached to it. A device 11 generates feedback signals dependent on the amplitude and phase of displacement of the spool from its mean position. A positional error signal, from the member is applied to an input terminal 20 of a D.C. preamplifier 22 which unbalances a bridge network comprising transistors T1-T4 and power packs, 24, 25 thus supplying a restoring element to coil 9. Feedback signals from the device 11 are applied through an A.C. amplifier 26 and demodulator 27 to a resistor 28 in opposition to the input signal which appears across a resistor 21. An automanual valve 6 blocks the part from pipe D when in the manual position a manual valve 5 then controlling the position of the ram 1. The spool 8 passes through a non resilient diaphragm 10 which offers no restoring force in either direction. The arrangement may be employed to control an arc electrode in response to current and voltage. Specification 982,832 is referred to.
Patent GB-782165-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic films
Inventor: HUYS ROGER FLORIMOND
IPC: G03C1/795
Filed: 1954-05-19
Abstract: 782,165. Photographic films. GEVAERT PHOTO-PRODUCTEN N.V. May 13, 1955 [May 19, 1954, Feb. 4, 1955], Nos. 14720/54 and 3319/55. Drawings to Specification. Class 98(2) A film base of high molecular weight polyester is provided with a subbing layer of a polyvinyl acetal and then a hydrophilic light sensitive layer as of gelatin or polyvinyl acetal with silver halide. Preferably the subbing layer is coated from a solution containing a solvent for the film base, and an auxiliary, more watersensitive, subbing layer may be applied thereover. In five examples polyethylene terephthalate film base is coated with (1) polyvinyl formal in ethylene dichloride containing m-cresol as base solvent, dried, washed in methanol to remove external m-cresol, dried, provided with a second subbing layer of gelatin-salicylic acid, and then a gelatin-silver bromide emulsion layer which, latter adheres satisfactorily before, during and after development; (2) a similar, polyvinyl formal solution but having chloral hydrate as solvent on both sides of the base, and this film is washed in water to remove the chloral hydrate from the subbing layer, then provided with a gelatin-cellulose nitrate layer on both sides and finally a gelatin silver bromide layer on one side and a gelatin backing layer on the other; (3) a solution as in (2) on one side only and then a polyvinyl acetalsilver bromide layer; (4) polyvinyl butgral with o-chlorophenol in dioxane, and after moderate drying the film is contacted with carbon tetrachloride for 15 minutes and then provided with the subbing and light-sensitive layers of Example 1; (5) polyvinyl butyral containing vinylacetate and vinyl-alcohol in methylene chloride and ethanol and then. the two layers of Example 1; (6) polyvinyl butyral containing vinyl alcohol followed by the light-sensitive layer of (2). Specification 700,957 is referred to.
Patent GB-651548-A (GB)
Title: Chromatography of antibiotic solutions
Filed: 1948-06-01
Abstract: Antibiotic materials (e.g. streptomycin or penicillin) are recovered from impure solutions thereof by adsorbing the desired antibiotic material on a column of an adsorbent material by which it is adsorbed substantially more strongly than any of the other substances in the solution, the amount of solution applied to the column being such that the amount of antibiotic material therein is in excess of that required to saturate the column therewith, whereby the material adsorbed is substantially exclusively the desired antibiotic material, which is subsequently eluted from the column. Advantageously two or more columns may be employed in series, of which one or more may, if desired, contain an adsorbent different from that in the first column (e.g. a material which is a specific adsorbent for one of the other constituents of the solution), the amount of the desired antibiotic substance being in excess of that required to saturate the first column.  Examples describe the application of the process to the recovery of streptomycin from fermentation liquor using activated carbon as the adsorbent, the streptomycin being eluted with dilute sulphuric acid and recovered from the resulting solution by concentration in a falling film evaporation under reduced pressure and precipitation by addition of methanol. Specification 14572/44 (as open to inspection under Sect. 91) is referred to.
Patent GB-1196054-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the Mechanical Tin Soldering of Metallic Surfaces.
IPC: H05K3/34
Filed: 1968-03-27
Abstract: 1,196,054. Apparatus for applying tin solder. G. LAUBMEYER and M.SMITS [trading as ZEVA ELEKTRIZIT TS GESELLSCHAFT SMITS & LAUBMEYER K.G. March 27, 1968, No.14754/68 Heading C7F. Apparatus for applying tin solder to a fluxed metal surface 6 comprises a rotating grooved roller 1 dipping into solder bath 4 and co-operating with a synchronously driven pressure roller 2. The grooved roller transfers liquid solder from bath 4 on to the metal surface 6 e. g. a printed circuit which is rolled between 1 and 2. The grooves in the roller may be coaxial with the roller or up to right angles to the roller axis and are V-shaped.
Patent GB-151061-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to oscillating apparatus for submarine signalling and other purposes
IPC: G01S1/72
Filed: 1919-06-11
Abstract: 151,061. Submarine Signal Co., and Evans, G C. June 11, 1919. Subaqueous sound signals. - To increase the efficiency of oscillator apparatus for. transmitting or receiving subaqueous sounds, two diaphragms are used, the intervening space being filled with gas-free liquid under pressure, putting appreciable strain upon the diaphragms. The pressure mentioned is equivalent to a head of 40 feet, and upwards, of water. One diaphragm is connected to the oscillator, preferably of the type described in Specification 18765/13. As shown, the rod C of the oscillator A is connected to one diaphragm B. A second diaphragm B<1> is mounted in a ring D in the skin of the ship. Gas-free liquid under pressure is admitted to the space F through a pipe f, displaced air escaping through a cock f<2>. The pressure used is indicated on a gauge f<1>. Specifications 5630/15 and 127,342 also are referred to.
Patent GB-623950-A (GB)
Title: Solenoids
IPC: H01F7/16
Filed: 1947-06-04
Abstract: 623,950. Electromagnets. BENDIX HOME APPLIANCES, Inc. June 4, 1947, No. 14759. Convention date, Aug. 7, 1940. [Class 35] An electromagnet has a C-shaped magnetic frame 10 through the opening in which slides a magnetic plunger 44 having lateral projections formed by large washers riveted to the plunger sides at its rearward end, and two channelshaped guide plates 16 which form bearing surfaces for the projections and which have inwardly offset ends 20 fixed to the sides of the frame opposite the opening, their other ends lying at the sides of the opening against plates 28 which extend across the opening and form abutments to limit the plunger stroke when engaged by the projections. The guide plate ends which lie against plates 28 are held in position by suitably bent supporting plates 26, riveted with plates 28 to the frame 10. One plate 26 may be integral with a terminal support 43. The laminated plunger 44 has two thicker laminations 46 which extend beyond its end for the fixing of the mechanism 48 to be operated, and is enlarged at 50 to close the opening in the frame when it is in its innermost position. A spring plate 52 assists the plunger to break free from the effects of residual magnetism. The electromagnet is mounted on a channel member 14.
Patent GB-703826-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to catalysts for use in the treatment of unsaturated fatty acids or their derivatives
IPC: B01J27/02
Filed: 1952-06-12
Abstract: In the preparation of a nickel catalyst on a silicon dioxide-containing carrier, for use in the isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids or their derivatives, a nickel compound is reduced and a minor proportion of selenium or tellurium (preferably 4-12 per cent. based on the weight of nickel) is incorporated in the nickel compound before reducing it.  Sodium carbonate solution is added to nickel nitrate or sulphate solution in the presence of kieselguhr and the precipitate is filtered off and dried; alternatively a solution of sodium silicate may be added to the nickel salt solution.  The selenium or tellurium in elementary form or as a selenite, selenate, tellurite, or tellurate, is added before or during precipitation, or to the filter cake before or after drying.  From 1-2 per cent. of sulphur, based on the weight of nickel, may also be included in the catalyst.  Reduction is effected at 475 DEG  C. in a stream of p  hydrogen.  Substances which may be treated with the catalysts include oleic acid, linseed oil fatty acids, and their methyl and ethyl esters, and oils containing linoleic and linolenic acids, for example linseed oil, soyabean oil, tobacco seed oil, safflower oil, sunflower seed oil, and poppy seed oil.  Treatment is carried out at 80 DEG -220 DEG  C. for five minutes to ten hours, and results in shifting and conjugation of double bonds, and conversion of cis-isomers to the transform.  The oil products have increased melting points and quickly polymerize and dry into non-tacky waterproof films.
Patent GB-236531-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric batteries for clocks
IPC: H01M6/06
Filed: 1925-06-08
Abstract: 236,531. Newth, B., and Newth, O. July 7, 1924, [Convention date]. Cases, clock.-A dry cell or 'battery of the Leclanche type for use in electric clocks is in the form of an annulus, complete or incomplete, the carbon electrode 26 being of corresponding shape as shown in Fig. 1. The outer casing of the annulus constitutes the zinc electrode which is closed with pitch 22 on one face. A terminal 28 is attached to the carbon electrode and insulated from the electrolyte mixture 27 by pitch 29 as shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 7 shows two cells joined in series and forming a complete annulus. The cells may be of unequal sizes as shown. Fig. 9 shows a modification in which the carbon electrodes project through the ends of the cells to form terminals 49.
Patent GB-311656-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to magnetic vane electrical measuring instruments
IPC: G01R5/14
Filed: 1929-05-13
Abstract: 311,656. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., (Assignees of Hoare, S. C., and Parker, B. H.). May 12, 1928, [Convention date]. Electromagnetic current meters.-An instrument of the magnetic vane type combines the features of the repulsion type, in which a magnetic vane pivoted coaxially with the exciting coil is repelled by a fixed magnetic vane, and the attraction type, in which an eccentrically pivoted magnetic vane is attracted from the weak field at the centre of the magnetizing coil to the strong field near its internal peiriphery. The moving magnetic vane 12 is pivoted at a point 11 eccentric to the magnetizing coil 10. A stationary magnetic member 15, tapered in one or both dimensions, is arranged concentric with the pivot 11. The vane 12 moves, against the torque of a spring, under the torque due to the repulsion between the vanes 12, 15 and the attraction of the vane 12 to the stronger field at the inner periphery of the coil 10.
Patent GB-1060912-A (GB)
Title: Formaldehyde polymers
IPC: C08G2/00
Filed: 1965-04-08
Abstract: Formaldehyde polymers of high molecular weight are prepared by feeding a concentrated aqueous formaldehyde solution to a suspension of a solid polyoxymethylene in an aqueous formaldehyde solution having a formaldehyde concentration between the equilibrium concentration and the stability limit of the system at a temperature of from 0 DEG  to 60 DEG  C. in the presence of a strong acid having pKa<2 for each hydrogen whose concentration in the aqueous solution is kept such that the polymers prepared have an X-ray crystallinity of 100%, of which at least 50% is in the orthorhombic crystalline form and the remainder in the hexagonal crystalline form.  The process may be carried out in the presence of a linear aliphatic alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the molecule, e.g. methanol, whose concentration in the liquid phase is kept at a value lower than 25% by weight of solution. The polymerization may take place in the presence of a salt of an inorganic base with a strong organic or inorganic acid having a pK<2 for each hydrogen whose concentration in the solution is kept at a value lower than or equal to the saturation concentration of the salt in the system.  The products may consist of a polymeric mixture consisting of from 5 to 75% of polyoxymethylene diethers, of from 95 to 25% of polyoxymethylene glycols and polyoxymethylene-monoethers in which all of the components of the mixture have an X-ray crystallinity of 100% of which at least 50% is in the orthorhombic crystalline form and the remainder in the hexagonal crystalline form-treatment with sodium carbonate at 100-220 DEG  C. gives the polyoxymethylene-diethers. The reactants may be added batchwise or continuously. In Example (1) a suspension of polyoxymethylene in an aqueous solution containing water and formaldehyde are added every hour after withdrawing the same amount by weight of suspension, formaldehyde solution and 10 N sodium hydroxide solution and every 24 hours an amount of the suspension is discharged and the polyoxymethylene recovered. Similarly, in further examples the sodium hydroxide is replaced by (2)-(12) and (25) sulphuric acid, (13)-(15) p-toluene sulphonic acid, (16)-(20) perchloric acid, (21)-(24) hydrochloric acid, (26)-(29) and (38) hydrochloric acid and methanol, (30) and (31) hydrochloric acid, methanol and sodium chloride, (32) hydrochloric acid, methanol and potassium chloride, (33)-(35) sulphuric acid and methanol, (36) and (37) perchloric acid and methanol, (39) sulphuric acid and ethanol, (40) n-propanol and sulphuric acid and (41) n-butanol and sulphuric acid.
Patent GB-882887-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to stoppers
IPC: A47J41/00
Filed: 1957-05-13
Abstract: 882,887. Stoppers. BRITISH VACUUM FLASK CO. Ltd., and HASSID M. A. April 9, 1958 [May 13, 1957], No. 15102/57. Class 125(3). A resilient stopper for vacuum flasks &c. has a body 1 having recesses 2, 3, a finger piece 4 and ribs 5 the lower recess 2 being so proportioned that a greater surface area is provided parallel to the stopper axis than normal thereto so that pressure within the container tends to force the stopper radially into contact. A raised pad 7 is provided with a channel S to protect ladies' finger nails from damage when pushing in the stopper.
Patent GB-1300655-A (GB)
Title: End-of-car cushioning mechanism
IPC: B61G9/16
Filed: 1970-03-31
Abstract: 1300655 Rail vehicle buff and draw gear ACF INDUSTRIES Inc 31 March 1970 [28 April 1969] 15158/7 Heading B7T A railway car comprises a longitudinal sill 16 in which is disposed a compressible draft and buff force cushioning unit 36 with one of its extremities fixed to the sill intermediate the extremities thereof, draft stops 108 and draft lugs 104 co-operating to limit draft movement of.the cushioning unit 36, the draft lugs being removable to facilitate detachment of the cushioning unit. The draft stops may be defined on either the cushioning unit or the sill and the draft lugs are disposed in or on the other of these members. The inner end of the cushioning unit 36 is attached to transverse wall 26. A railway car coupler 14 is attached to the cushioning unit 36 by a coupler key 112 which engages slots 114 and 116. The coupler key 112 is prevented from moving outwards from slots 110 in the sill by the draft lugs 104 which have transverse slots 122 in engagement with the ends of key 112 and the key 112 prevents ejection of the draft lugs 104 from the openings 98 when the cushioning unit 36 is in the fully extended-position. The cushioning unit 36 consists of an outer cyclinder 40 sealingly connected to an inner cylinder 38, defining a high pressure hydraulic chamber 42, a low pressure hydraulic chamber 44 and a draft cushioning chamber 46, a floating piston 48 separating the low pressure hydraulic chamber 44 from a compressible fluid chamber 50 which can be charged via fluid passage 53. A metering pin 82 varies the effective size of orifice 80 between the high and low pressure chambers. A substantially solid stop 34 is provided to abut the stop shoulder 84 on application of buff forces greater than a certain value in order to avoid damage to the inner cylinder. In another embodiment (Fig. 7, not shown) the draft lugs (140) are of T-shaped cross-section and are located in elongated slots 146 of T-shaped cross-section in the outer cylinder end cap (144) of cushioning unit (142). Offset portions (134) are provided in the sill in which the draft lugs can slide.
Patent GB-846679-A (GB)
Title: Ethylene production
IPC: C10G69/06
Filed: 1959-05-04
Abstract: Ethylene is obtained by steam cracking a hydrocarbon boiling in the range C4-220 DEG F. to obtain a mixture of hydrocarbons and hydrogen, separating C5+ hydrocarbons from lighter materials, reacting C4 and lighter hydrocarbons with a portion of the hydrogen to selectively hydrogenate components less saturated than mono-olefines and by fractionation separating methane and lighter gases from heavier compounds and from the latter fraction ethylene and a heavier C2-C4 fraction. In a preferred embodiment the naphtha may be a virgin fraction e.g. C5-160 DEG F., C4-220 DEG F. or C6-220 DEG F. boiling range which is cracked at 35-75% conversion per pass in the presence of 1-3 mols of steam per mol of hydrocarbon in a cracking coil having an inlet temperature of 100-500 DEG F and outlet 1300-1600 DEG F. The effluent may be quenched first with water and then oil and further cooled and passed to a knockout drum where water is separated and then to a series, e.g. 3, of compressors, coolers and knockout drums from which C5+ material is collected.  The combined C5+ material may be flashed to separate any C4 or lighter material which is recycled to the beginning of the compressor-cooler-separator series while the remaining C5+ material is recycled to the cracking stage. The C4 and lighter material is hydrogenated without addition of hydrogen by passing over palladiumalumina, cobalt molybdate-alumina, or palladium at 0-1,000 p.s.i.g. and 50-1100 DEG F.  When using a sulphur-sensitive catalyst the gases may first be caustic washed.  The hydrogenated gas is caustic washed, dried, demethanised and ethylene separated by fractionation.  The C2-C4 residue is recycled to the cracking, part or all preferably being passed through a longer coil than the starting naphtha.
Patent GB-797836-A (GB)
Title: Improved carton wax composition
IPC: C09D191/08
Filed: 1955-05-26
Abstract: A wax composition consists of a blend of 30-80 per cent by weight o 125-130 DEG  F. M.P. grade, substantially oil-free paraffin wax, and 70-20 per cent by weight of recrystallized bright stock wax, which contains 5-40 per cent by weight of petroleum ceresin wax and 1-3 per cent by weight of oil.  The recrystallized bright stock wax is prepared from the residue left in the vacuum distillation of crude petroleum oil, by deasphalting the residue with propane and crystallizing the crude wax first below 0 DEG  F. and then at 30-60 DEG  F.  The dewaxing solvent may be methyl ethyl ketone/toluene. The boiling point spread of the paraffin wax may be at least 100 DEG F.
Patent GB-396901-A (GB)
Title: Method of manufacturing regenerated silk yarn
IPC: D01F4/00
Filed: 1932-05-30
Abstract: <PICT:0396901/IV/1> <PICT:0396901/IV/2> <PICT:0396901/IV/3> <PICT:0396901/IV/4> A regenerated silk filament is subjected during coagulation, by deflection, to frictional drag increasing progressively or by graduated stages.  Apparatus for carrying out the process comprises a spinning nozzle, drawing means, such as a roller, and deflecting members which may be arranged in the coagulating bath substantially in the path of the filament between nozzle and drawing means at decreasing distance apart, Fig. 2, at progressively increasing lateral distances from the mean path of the filament, Fig. 3, substantially in the mean path of the filament at substantially equal distances apart, the members having progressively increasing diameter, Fig. 4, or in groups in the mean path of the filament, said groups comprising progressively increasing numbers of members, Fig. 5.
Patent GB-1057984-A (GB)
Title: Indicators for the colorimetric determination of gases
IPC: G01N31/22
Filed: 1964-04-14
Abstract: 1, 057, 984. Gas analysis. MINE SAFETY APPLIANCES CO. April 14, 1964 [July 2, 1963], No. 15353/64. Heading G1B. A free-flowing colorimetric indicator for determination of gases comprises a finely divided non-porous inorganic carrier coated with an adherent film of an inorganic absorbent material impregnated with a colorimetric reagent. The carrier may be glass beads, powdered glass, glazed ceramic chips or beads or metal shot of particle size between 40-100 mesh. The inorganic absorbent material is in the form of a binder and may be clay, acid treated clays, diatanaceous earth, bentonite, bauxite or Fuller's earth. Also absorbent material such as pulverized silica gel, which is not normally adherent, may be used when impregnated with a reagent containing a viscous liquid e. g. concentrated sulphuric acid. The binder or carrier may be neutral, acidic or basic as required, e. g. by use of basic soft glass beads, and also if desired the colorimetric reagent may incorporate a non-volatile acid or base. The reagent used depends on the gas to be detected, e. g. lead acetate for H 2 S, oxalic acid with a pH indicator e.g. thynol blue for ammonia, palladium sulphite salts with silica gel for CO, Congo Red indicator for HCl vapour, potassium dichromate and concentrated sulphinic acid with silica gel for alcohol in air-alcohol mixtures, and iodine with tetramethyldiamino diphenylmethane for SO 2 . The proportions of the constituents used are given in the Specification and the indicator is used in a sealed transparent tube with breakable ends. The tube may contain layers of guard chemicals to remove interferent gases.
Patent GB-617188-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in coat or the like hangers
IPC: A47G25/34
Filed: 1946-05-21
Abstract: 617,188. Coat or like hangers. LEVIN, L., and LEVIN, E. May 21, 1946, No. 15391. [Class 52 (v)] A coat or like hanger comprises a central part 1 curved in horizontal and in vertical directions, two arms 3 extending laterally from the central part and a suspending hook 2 with a neck 5 integrally connected to the centre part by a shank curved so as to merge with the central part. The hook is preferably disposed in a plane which is parallel to and intermediate of, planes passing through the arms and the extreme limits of curvature of the central part. The hanger is formed in one piece from moulded material and has a strengthening marginal rib 6 and recesses 7 for hanging skirts &c.