Patent GB-1475411-A (GB)
Title: Tiles
IPC: B44C1/28
Filed: 1974-02-07
Abstract: 1475411 Coating tiles EASY-DO PRODUCTS Ltd 3 Dec 1974 [7 Feb 1974] 5627/74 Heading B2E A self-adhesive tile for dry-tiling a surface has an adhesive composition covering all or part of one face, the composition having a protective barrier in or on the adhesive surface to protect it from setting until the barrier is ruptured when the composition is deformed by the tile being pressed against a surface to be tiled. The tile may be a ceramic tile or a floor tile of wood or thermoplastic or thermosetting plastics material, a cement bonded rigid tile or a mirror tile. The adhesive may be a drying oil composition, including alkyd or urethane modified drying oils and other drying products capable of reacting with oxygen to form a cross-linked structure, or an evaporable solvent-containing adhesive (e.g. water based and organic solvent based adhesives), a moisture curing adhesive material (e.g. polyurethanes, or an adhesive which sets by interreaction of two or more components (e.g. epoxy resins). In the case of drying oil adhesives the composition preferably includes fillers such as whiting, china clay, various silicas (e.g. fumed silica, diatomaceous earth, precipitated silica, ground silica), mica, vermiculite, asbestos fibres, nylon fibres, and wood flour. Drying accelerators such as various metal compounds (cobalt, zirconium or lead naphthenates, octanoates or linoleates) may be present. Other oils including semi-drying (e.g. Soya, tobacco, safflower) and non-drying (e.g. castor and coconut) can be included. The drying oil may be Tung oil or linseed oil, or a fish oil or synthetic drying diene or triene oil. Boiled, blown or stand oils and other varnish-forming ingredients (e.g. copal, phenolic and rosin based varnishes, alkyd and polyurethane resins) and chlorinated rubbers may be used in the drying oil compositions. The barrier may be provided by incorporating a miscible wax (e.g. Shellac, Carnauba, Ouricury, Montan, Lanolin or paraffin wax, synthetic waxes such as polyethylene wax, and waxy substances such as stearic acid, stearyl alcohol or tallow) into the composition in a molten state in sufficient amount to crystallise on cooling and provide a protective surface layer. Alternatively a layer of filmforming material may be coated onto the adhesive layer. Suitable coatings include waxes, shellac, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, glue, gum arabic, and polyvinylidene chloride. They may be applied as solutions in water or volatile organic solvent which may include a wetting agent, by spraying or curtain coating. Wax coatings may be subsequently flamed to make the film homogenous. The adhesive may be applied cold as a paste composition e.g. by extrusion onto the surface, or as a melt. Various patterns of adhesive e.g. blobs, ribs, or a grid, may be applied instead of a continuous layer. If required two coats of different film-forming protective coating, e.g. glue or gum arabic followed by shellac or polyvinyiidene chloride, may be used. Alternative adhesives are volatile solvent based adhesives, such as rubber solutions or aqueous polyvinyl alcohol, moisture curing materials such as polyurethanes, and two component reaction setting compositions such as epoxy adhesives. Suitable protective coatings for these adhesives include gelatine, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, shellac or hot-melt wax, and quick drying oil/resin compositions e.g. tung oil/polyurethane. In the case of two component adhesives separate spots of adhesive and hardener are applied to the tile close together and covered with the protective coat. When the coat is ruptured and the spots deformed by pressure on the tile, the two components blend and react to set. The tile may have an initial sealing coat of aqueous polyvinyl alcohol or organic solvent solution of polyvinylidene chloride applied by roller or spray to prevent the adhesive composition from penetrating the porous ceramic surface.