Patent GB-738269-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electronic calculating apparatus
Inventor: BIRD RAYMOND
IPC: G06F7/504
Filed: 1952-04-16
Abstract: 738,269. Digital electric calculating-apparatus. BRITISH TABULATING MACHINE CO., Ltd. April 16, 1952, No. 9549/52. Class 106 (1). In electronic appaiatus for adding or subtracting a first binary digit and a carry digit to or from a second binary digit, having first and second comparing means operable when the first digit and carry digit are equal and unequal respectively, the comparing means control the reading out of the second digit or its inverse as the sum or difference digit, and one comparing means (the second for addition and the first for subtraction) controls the reading out of the second digit as a new carry digit. In the apparatus for adding and subtracting binary numbers shown in Fig. 1, one number B is stored in a shift register 1 (described below) comprising 32 bi-stable trigger stages A1-A32, and the other A, obtained, e.g. from a magnetic drum or acoustic delay line store, is fed in series-mode form to a digit-storing trigger stage 4, a pulse occurring on one or the other of the input lines 3 according to whether the A digit is " 1 " or " 0." The digit stored in 4 is compared with a carry digit stored in trigger stage 8 in coincidence and anti-coincidence circuits 12, 13 respectively (described below). For addition, a positive control voltage is applied to a Schmitt trigger circuit 6 thereby, through lines 7, 11 respectively, setting trigger 8 to register " 0 " and applying an opening potential to gates 9, 10. Thus, according to whether an operative output voltage is obtained from 12 or 13, an operative pulse will be sent from gate 18 or 19, which. receives clock pulses on line 30, and gate 9 or 10, to double-triode amplifier 28 or 29 respectively. One output of 28 operates, through buffer diode 38, a pulse generator 40 which supplies a shift pulse over line 2 to the register 1 to shift the setting of A1 to A2 and so on, and the other output operates a double-diode gate 32 to shift the least significant digit stored on trigger A32 to trigger A1. The outputs of 29 similarly operate generator 40 and a gate 42 which is connected to transfer the inverse of the setting of A32 to A1 ; also, a further gate 52 is operated through line 51, to transfer the setting of A32 to trigger 8. The above process is repeated, under control of the clock pulses, for each A digit registered on 4, and the sum digits are successively registered in the register 1 in place of the B digits, the sum digit being the same as or the inverse of the B digit according to whether the corresponding carry and A digits are equal or unequal, and the carry digit being unchanged except for inequality when it is the same as the B digit. For subtraction, a Schmitt trigger circuit 48, operated in place of 6, enters an initial " 1 " in trigger 8 (any carry occurring at the end of subtraction being discarded), and opens gates 24, 25 whereby amplifiers 28, 29 are operated under conditions, inequality and equality respectively, opposite to those for addition. -Detailed circuit diagrams are given for most of the elements shown. A modified adder is described in which no static storage is provided, numbers being represented entirely in series-mode form and a one-digit delay device being provided for carry. Shift register. Fig. 3 shows the first two trigger stages V1, V3 (A1, A2, Fig. 1) connected through a double diode V2. The anodes of V1 and grids of V3 are so connected to V2 that when a negative shift pulse appears on line 2 only one diode will conduct, thereby switching V3 over to the same state as V1 on maintaining it in that state. A similar diode circuit is provided between each two consecutive stages. Comparing circuits. The coincidence circuit Fig. 1, comprises a double triode V7, Fig. 2, whose grids are each connected to one anode of each of the trigger stages V6, V8 (4, 8, Fig. 1) through resistors 72-75. The connections are such that when both triggers are in the same state one of the grids of V7, and therefore the common cathode, is at a sufficiently high potential to render gate 18 operative, the potential being transmitted over line 20, Figs. 1 and 2. The anticoincidence circuit 13 is similar but the connections to resistors 73, 75 are reversed.