baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent MX-169679-B (MX)
Inventor: MILLER HENRY F
IPC: F16J15/02
Filed: 1987-10-05
Abstract: A stopper or closure is provided as a closure for containers in which the stopper profile is computer generated to take into consideration radial stress at the stopper/container interface, and to eliminate tensile stress therealong which tensile stress is an indication that a portion of the stopper wall is not engaging the opposed container surface. The stopper of the invention is particularly appropriate for use in evacuated blood sample collection tubes for eliminating "gray bands" or regions where the stopper and the tube do not contact, and "red spots" formed in small cavities generated on the internal surface of the stopper at the withdrawal position of the blood collection needle having been inserted in the stopper.
Patent NO-136383-B (NO)
Inventor: SCHEIDWEILER A
IPC: G08B17/06
Filed: 1974-03-27
Abstract: Fremgangsmåte ved brannmelding og koblingsanordning for fremgangsmåtens utførelse.
Patent NO-159340-B (NO)
Inventor: ROSE DAVID
IPC: D06P1/18
Filed: 1982-03-22
Abstract: This invention is directed to compositions of the developer-coupler type of the dyeing of hair, consisting essentially of substituted dihydroxypyridine compounds or salts thereof as coupling components and, as developer components, the conventional components used in oxidation dyes.
Patent NO-160132-B (NO)
Inventor: GRIGGS COLIN GEORGE
IPC: C07C29/00
Filed: 1984-12-28
Abstract: Higher alkylene glycols, having more than three carbon atoms, are prepared by reacting a secondary alcohol with formaldehyde in the presence of an organic peroxide of formula R-O-O-R<1> in which R and R<1> are independently alky or aralkyl groups containing 3 to 12 carbon atoms. By using secondary alcohols, oxidation of the alcohol reactant is reduced. The reaction is preferably carried out under anhydrous conditions using a polymeric source of formaldehyde.
Patent NO-174843-B (NO)
Title: Ventil som kan tilkobles et utlöp på en beholder
Inventor: GERBER BERNHARD R
IPC: B65D83/14
Filed: 1989-02-21
Abstract: Ventilanordning som omfatter et langstrakt ventillegeme (14) og et elastomert hylster (28) som dekker siden av ventillegemet og er festet til dette ved begge ender. En innløpskanal (20) rager inn i ventillegemet fra en ende, for tilførsel av fluid fra en beholder, f.eks. en fleksibel beholder. En utløpskanal (26) rager i den motsatte enden av ventillegemet, for utslipp av fluid. I det minste en sidekanal (22) rager ut fra innløpskanalen (20), til utsiden av ventillegemet (14), slik at fluid kan stramme ut mellom ventillegemet og hylsteret (28) og ekspandere hylsteret. Fluidet kan dessuten strømme gjennom i det minste en annen sidekanal (24) som rager inn til utlapskanalen (26),. slik at fluidet kan strømme ut gjennom denne. Hylsteret (28) hindrer at fluid kan strømme tilbake fra utlapskanalen (26). til beholderen.
Patent NO-168610-B (NO)
Title: Seismisk kabel
Inventor: SVENNING BJOERNAR
IPC: G01V1/16
Filed: 1989-10-26
Abstract: Oppfinnelsen vedrrer marin seismisk havbunnkabel (2) for anvendelse på eller nær havbunnen (3) omfattende - en el. flere trekk-kabler (11), en datakabel (12) og en strmr-. (10) som omgir disse. Oppfinnelsen kjennetegnes ved at. - grupper av geofoner og posisjonsmåleinstrument er plassert etter hverandre langs kabelen (2) - at hver gruppe av geofoner og posisjonsmåleinstrumenter er plassert i en geofonkule (6) idet geofonkulen (6) og selve kablene i vesentlig grad er mekanisk isolert fra hverandre, slik at f.eks. støt og signaler mot kabelen (2) i liten utstrekning overføres til geofonkulen (6).
Patent NO-171168-B (NO)
Inventor: RAHIM SAAD GEORGE
IPC: A61K39/245
Filed: 1989-11-22
Abstract: An esterified 5-propynyl-substituted pyrimidine nucleoside and salts thereof (I); their use in the treatment or prophylaxis of viral infections; pharmaceutical formulations thereof; and processes for the preparation of the nucleoside and its salts. <CHEM> s
Patent NO-167954-B (NO)
Title: Innredningssystem
Inventor: BIRKELAND KIRSTEN
IPC: A47B47/05
Filed: 1990-12-11
Abstract: Et innredningssystem for understøttelse av hyller, skap (18) og andre gjenstander i forbindelse med en vegg (10,20,30), understøtter hver enkelt gjenstand separat i forhold til veggen ved hjelp av fra gjenstandens ryggside skrått utad og nedad rettete bæretapper (45a) eller bærekroker (42) via motsvarende festehuller (17) utformet i lastopptakende bæreorganer. Hvert bæreorgan består av en veggseksjon dannende plate eller plate •. (13,33), inneholdende veggseksjon, med festehullene (17) utformet i vertikale og horisontale rekker i platen (13,33) og arrangert i et bestemt modulsystem (a,b) i platen, fortrinsvis med selve platematerialet som eneste feste for tilhørende gjenstanders bæretapper (45a) eller bærekroker (42). Man har mulighet til å. bygge opp en veggflate med et modulsystem av festehuller for inn-festing av forskjellige typer gjenstander på forholdsvis fleksibel måte.
Patent NO-178761-B (NO)
Inventor: LANTZ ANDRE
IPC: C07C19/08
Filed: 1992-09-30
Abstract: In order to stabilise 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane containing traces of vinylidene chloride, at least one ethylenic hydrocarbon containing at least 4 carbon atoms is added to it.
Patent SE-338714-B (SE)
Inventor: SAHLEY L
IPC: B65H5/00
Filed: 1968-02-21
Abstract: 1,223,356. Feeding sheets. EASTMAN KODAK CO. 16 Feb., 1968 [21 Feb., 1967], No. 47922/70. Divided out of 1,223,352. Heading B8R. The subject-matter is the same as that of Specification 1,223,354, but the claims are directed to the means for holding a document against the window of the copying-machine.
Patent SE-311169-B (SE)
Inventor: PASCHKE H
IPC: F04B53/10
Filed: 1964-05-05
Abstract: 1,062,063. Reciprocating pumps and motors; compressors; gaseous pressure rotors. H. D. PASCHKE. May 5, 1964 [May 9, 1963; Dec.27, 1963], No.18605/64. Headings F1A, F1N and F1S. A pump or motor operating with hydraulic or gaseous media comprises at least one annular piston 13, Fig.2, sealingly engaging a oylinder 10 and a rotatable eccentric 7. Liquid enters piston 13 via a valve slot 19 in eccentric 7, and is discharged via a lift valve 11. The stroke may be varied by adjustment of the eccentricity of eccentric 7. A piston ring may encircle the piston. In an embodiment for hot or corrosive liquids Fig.4 (not shown), the piston return spring is omitted, and piston 13 is held against eccentric 7 by a strap, inlet and delivery valves being provided in the cylinder. Alternatively, the spring may be located outside the cylinder. The cylinder may comprise a liner in the housing. A number of pistons may be arranged radially around the eccentric with common inlet and delivery passages. In Fig. 10 (not shown) a rotating cam plate (77) has an inlet port (81) supplying pistons (75). In Fig. 13 (not shown) piston (85) is fixed to the pump housing and cylinder (87) is reciprocated. In Fig. 14 (not shown), piston (99) engages an eccentric track (100) by centrifugal force, shaft (103) acting as a rotary valve. A compressor, Fig.7 (not shown), comprises a piston (61) actuated by an eccentric (7c) against a leaf spring (64). Air from a filter (67) enters piston (61) via a valve slot (19c) in eccentric (7c), and on the delivery stroke lifts valve member (11c) against spring (12c) to discharge through outlet (21c).
Patent SE-310027-B (SE)
Inventor: JONGERIUS H
IPC: H01J9/24
Filed: 1965-06-23
Abstract: 1,059,053. Discharge tubes; electric incandescent lamps. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. June 23, 1965 [June 26, 1964], No. 26581/65. Headings HID and H1F. Electric devices having current conductors secured in a sealed envelope, e.g. discharge or incandescent lamps, are manufactured by introducing into a long tube a strand consisting of a sequence of mechanically interconnected current conductors, exhausting the tube, and closing the tube at points spaced along its length to form a series of sealed devices each of which includes at least one current conductor. Discharge tubes are formed from a strand, Fig. 1, composed of rigid conductors 2, cylindrical electrode members 3 joined by thin wire 4, and linking glass beads 5, which strand is drawn into a glass tube which is then exhausted and supplied with the desired gas filling (Fig. 3, not shown), prior to sealing the beads 5 to the tube and cutting it through at 6 to form two separate sealed tubes. The thin wires 4 are burnt out by the passage of current, and the expansion portion drawn out to provide a lead of adequate length (Fig. 4, not shown). By the use of a strand having two parallel wire portions between each pair of glass beads, lamps in which each electrode is supported at each end. the discharge path being transverse to the tube axis, may be produced (Figs. 10 and 11, not shown). In a strand employed for the mantifacture of incandescent lamps, one end of each member 3 is sealed into a glass bead, and the filament portions 4 are protected from damage, during insertion into the tube, by laying the strand in a semi-cylindrical member which, subsequent to insertion, is rotated through 180 degrees and withdrawn (Figs. 6 to 8, not shown). Lamps having two independently controllable filaments 54, Fig. 13, separated by glass fibres 57, may be manufactured by the use of a double strand. Reference is made to the use of more than two strands, and to the production of devices which are not, in the course of manufacture, separated from one another.
Patent SE-308623-B (SE)
Inventor: BRET A
IPC: G21C17/10
Filed: 1966-07-21
Abstract: 1,106,888. Measuring creep - extensometers. COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE. July 18, 1966 [July 23, 1965], No. 32094/66. Headings G1M and G1S. A pneumatic extensometer comprises a basic detector 1 including a creep measuring cell 2 and bellows 3, a reference detector 4 adjusted by calibrated blocks 5, pipes 8b, 8r supplying nozzle heads 10b, 10r with a neutral gas from a common pipe line 8, gas flow being controlled by pressure regulators R 1  - R 3 . Capillary tubes C 1 b, C 1 r, C 2 b, C 2 r, C 3 b, C 3 r interconnect the creep measuring cell and the reference detector and are provided with bellows 16, 19, 22, pressure changes in the bellows being indicated on gauges 33, 35, 37, 40, 41 and recorded on gauge 43. Each detector comprises a body 23 (see Fig. 2) an outlet port 12 delimited by a nozzle 26, and cone 27 which is integral with a measuring rod 29 which, in use, lies in contact with the object to be tested. Movements of the rod are detected pneumatically, the pneumatic circuit being similar to a Wheatstone Bridge arrangement.
Patent YU-45562-B (YU)
Title: Trakasti konvejer za proizvodnju gotovih građevinskih elemenata postupkom autoklavnog otvrdnjivanja
Inventor: VASNETSOV V M
IPC: B65G21/00
Filed: 1983-06-03
Abstract: TRAKASTI KONVEJER ZA PROIZVODNJU GOTOVIH GRAĐEVINSKIH ELEMENATA POSTUPKOM AUTOKLAVNOG OTVRDNJIVANJA, koji sadrži redom deo 1 za oblikovanje i autoklavni deo 2, autoklavu 16, kao i kolica 19 postavljena na kolosecima 20, koji vode do autoklava 16, pri čemu kolica 19 služe za dovodjenje sirovih gradjevinskih elemenata 17 autoklavama 16 i za odvodjenje gotovih gradjevinskih elemenata 18 od istih, i predajni most 21 koji je postavljen pred ulazom u autoklave 16, za prevodjenje kolica 19 sa koloseka 20 u autoklave i nazad za vreme utovara i istovara istih, kao i uredjaj 3, koji je postavljen izmedju delova 1 i 2, koji služi za prijem i predaju gradjevinskih elemenata i koji sadrži kranski most 30, naznačen time, što su u uredjaju (3) za prijem i predaju gradjevinskih elemenata ispod kranskog mosta (3a) postavljene najmanje dve dizalice (23, 24) pričvršćene na podu, pri čemu su na ramu (27) dizalica (23, 24) postavljena najmanje četiri para zavrtanja (30) sa navrtkama (31), kao stubovi dizalica (23, 24), dok su navratke (31) kinematski povezane u parovima sa pogonom (28) izmedju njih, dok su na dizalicama (23, 24) izmedju parova zavrtnja (30) sa navratkama (31) postavljene vodeće šine (26) za prihvat kolica (19), i što je u autoklavnom delu (2) postavljen dodatni predajni most (25) na vodećim šinama (31b) koje su postavljene poprečno u odnosu na koloseke (20), neposredno uz dizalice (23, 24), i što je u autoklavnom delu na predajnom mostu (21) postavljen potiskivač (22).
Patent YU-47825-B (YU)
Title: Elastična komora za smeštaj tečnih ili sipkih materijala, koja se pomera u stranu
Inventor: KNEZEVIC J
IPC: B65D88/30
Filed: 1988-06-30
Abstract: ELASTIČNA KOMORA ZA SMEŠTAJ TEČNIH ILI SIPKIH MATERIJALA, KOJA SE POMERA U STRANU naznačena time, što je prvi deo (2) elastične komore svojim ivicama preko ojačanja (9) pričvršćen po vertikalnom preseku za unutrašnjost rezervoara (1) između prvog ulaza (5) i drugog ulaza (6) bliže prvom ulazu (5), kao i prvog izlaza (7) i drugog izlaza (8) bliže prvom izlazu (7), što je drugi deo (2') elastične komore svojim ivicama preko ojačanja (9) pričvršćen po vertikalnom preseku za unutrašnjost rezervoara (1) između prvog ulaza (5) i drugog ulaza (6) bliže drugom ulazu (6), kao i prvog izlaza (7) i drugog izlaza (8), bliže drugom izlazu (8), što je prvi ulaz (5) ugrađen u plafon (10) na prvoj polovini, a drugi ulaz (6) ugrađen u plafon (10) na drugoj polovini rezervoara (1), i prvi izlaz (7) ugrađen u dno (11) na prvoj polovini, a drugi izlaz (8) ugrađen u dno (11) na drugoj polovini rezervoara (1), što su uz unutrašnjost bočnih zidova (12) rezervoara (1) spuštene cevaste vođice (3, 3'), koje su učvršćene za plafon (10) rezervoara (1), a kroz cevaste vođice (3, 3') su provučene sajle (4) koje su učvršćene za spoljne strane bočnog zida (13') drugog dela (2') elastične komore, što je za prvi ulaz (5) rezervoara pričvršćen ulaz (5') prvog dela (2) elastične komore, i za prvi izlaz (7) rezervoara (1) pričvršćen izlaz (7') prvog dela slastične komore, i što je bočni zid (13) prislonjen na prvu cevastu vođicu (3) i za nju nepokretno pričvršćen zaptivnim pričvršćivačima (14).
Patent YU-46217-B (YU)
Inventor: RONCHI N
IPC: C07D263/04
Filed: 1987-07-16
Abstract: Compounds of formula: <CHEM>  where R is alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl, cyclohexyl or arylalkyl; R1 is alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl, cyclohexyl or arylalkyl;  R and R1 being apt to form a -(CH2)-n group. These compounds can be used as phytotoxicity antidotes for thiolcarbamate and/or acetanilide herbicides for use on maize cultivations.
Patent YU-47109-B (YU)
Inventor: KANTNER R C
IPC: B22F3/26
Filed: 1990-07-17
Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for forming metal matrix composite bodies. Particularly, a suitable matrix metal (33), typically in a molten state, is in contact with a suitable filler material (31) or preform in the presence of a suitable reactive atmosphere in an impermeable container (32), at least at some point during the process, which permits a reaction to occur between the reactive atmosphere and the molten matrix metal (33) and /or filler material (31) or preform and/or impermeable container (32), thereby causing molten matrix metal (33) to infiltrate the filler material (31) or preform due to, at least in part, the creation of a self-generated vacuum. Such self-generated vacuum infiltration occurs without the application of any external pressure or vacuum.
Patent YU-46093-B (YU)
Inventor: COATES H
IPC: A61K31/415
Filed: 1987-12-02
Abstract: POSTUPAK ZA DOBIJANJE TRICIKLIČNIH KETONA, opšte formule: u kojoj Im predstavlja imidazolil grupu formule: R1 je atom vodonika ili C1-3-alkil; R2, R3 i R4 svaki nezavisno predstavljaju atom vodonika ili C1-3alkil; Q predstavlja atom vodonika ili halogen, kao što je fluor; n ima vrednost 2 ili 3; i A-B predstavlja grupu C=CH ili CH-CH2, ili njihovih fiziološki prihvatljivih soli, u svim izomernim oblicima uključujući i smeše izomera, naznačen time, što jedinjenje formule: u kojoj su R1, Q i n kao što je definisano ranije, reaguje sa jedinjenjem formule: OHC-Im u kojoj je Im kao što je definisano ranije, ili sa njegovim derivatom u kome je imidazolski azotov atom zaštićen arilmetil grupom, u inertnom rastvaraču kao što je etar, na primer tetrahidrofuran, na temperaturi od oko -80 do 30 C i u prisustvu baze kao što je amid alkalnog metala, na primer litijum diizopropilamid, da bi se dobilo jedinjenje formule: u kojoj su R1, Q, n i Im kao što je definisano ranije, ili njegov derivat u kome je imidazolski azotov atom zaštićen arilmetil grupom; što se jedinjenje formule (II) podvrgava dehidrataciji uz korišćenje organske kiseline kao što je sulfonska, na primer p-toluolsulfonska ili metansulfonska kiselina, u rastvaraču kao što je etar, na primer tetrahidrofuran, ili sirćetna kiselina, na temperaturi refluksa reakcione smeše, da bi se dobilo jedinjenje formule (I) u kojoj A-B predstavlja grupu C=CH; što se jedinjenje formule (I) u kojoj A-B predstavlja grupu C=CH, po potrebi, prevodi u jedinjenje formule (I) u kojoj A-B predstavlja grupu CH-CH2, hidrogenacijom u prisustvu katalizatora od plemenitog metala, kao što je paladijum, u rastvaraču kao što je alkohol, na primer metanol ili etanol i na temperaturi od 20 do 30° C; i što se dobijeni proizvod formule (I), po potrebi, prevodi u svoju fiziološki prihvatljivu so.
Patent RS-53251-B (RS)
Inventor: HAWLEY MICHAEL
IPC: A61P35/00
Filed: 2002-08-13
Abstract: Kristal koji sadrži so N-[2-(dietilamino)etil]-5-[(5-fluor-1,2-dihidro-2-okso-3H-indol-3-iliden)metil]-2,4-dimetil-1H-pirol-3-karboksamid L-jabučne kiseline, naznačen time, što ima karakteristične difrakcione pikove na 13.2° i 24.2° 2θ na rendgenskom dijagramu praha.Prijava sadrži još 10 patentnih zahteva.
Patent ZA-847889-B (ZA)
Title: Fiber optic level alarm
Inventor: SHERRICK RONALD EUGENE
IPC: G01F23/292
Filed: 1984-10-09
Abstract: A liquid level gauge (10) of the Blackburn type, for determining the level of water and/or steam in a boiler, utilises multiple optical fibres (44) to intercept light from sources (36) that passes in a relatively straight path through a cross passage (16) in a body (12) of the gauge (10). Due to the difference in the indices of refraction for steam and water, the optical fibres (44) intercept the light when steam is present in the gauge (10), but do not intercept the light when water is present.
Patent ZA-878539-B (ZA)
Title: Signal flag
Inventor: SEIBERT PETER
IPC: G08B5/00
Filed: 1987-11-13
Abstract: The invention relates to a signal flag with a flagstaff and an adjoining grip part, the flagstaff being capable of being folded into the case and the case forming a housing for containing the folded flagstaff and the flag atached thereto. It is characterized, as shown in FIG. 1, in flag 1 consisting of strongly reflective material and the foot of the case 3 containing devices for attaching the signal flag 1 and/or receiving further indication means for emergencies. In a preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the case 3 is conically tapered downwardly and the telescoping flagstaff 2 is attached offset from the center of the foot 4 of the case 3.
Patent ZA-887517-B (ZA)
Title: Process,roller mill and flour-mill arrangement for the production of ground-cereal products
Inventor: BALTENSPERGER WERNER
IPC: B02C9/04
Filed: 1988-10-06
Abstract: The invention is directed to a new method for producing milled grain products such as flour, semolina, middlings, etc., wherein the material is repeatedly ground by means of rolls and sifted with the system of advanced milling. It is suggested that the material be guided again at least twice via double-roll grinding stages with sifting between the double grindings, wherein the material is sifted in each instance following the double grinding. In an especially preferred manner, a corresponding new mill with at least two double-grinding passes is preferably constructed as an 8-roll mechanism (70). In an especially preferred manner. The new mill comprises a combination of eight- (70) and four-roll mechanisms (142, 151). A screening surface which is at least 20 to 50% larger is used for the double grinding.
Patent ZA-933184-B (ZA)
Title: Ergonomic hand held paint spray gun
Inventor: GRIME THOMAS E
IPC: B05B7/04
Filed: 1993-05-06
Abstract: A hand held spray gun (10) which reduces operator fatigue and stress. The gun handle (14) has an ergonomically designed shape and the size of the handle may be changed using different size handle covers (25). The gun (10) has a plurality of triggers (31, 42, 44, 45) operated by different fingers (50, 51) when the gun is held in different orientations to reduce fatigue and operating frequency stress on an operator's fingers. Some triggers operate low force valves which supply pilot air to a pilot valve which opens the fluid and air valves. Paint and air hoses (38, 40) may be attached to alternate locations on the gun (10) to reduce hand and wrist fatigue when painting vertical or horizontal surfaces. A junction box (99, 100) may be included to allow the connection of lighter weight hoses (38, 40) to the gun and may include an optional trigger valve (110) to remotely trigger the fluid and air valves in the gun. <IMAGE>
Patent ZA-935227-B (ZA)
Title: Stable extracts form neem seeds
Inventor: LIDERT ZEV
IPC: B01D11/02
Filed: 1993-07-20
Abstract: A neem seed extract containing azadirachtin with improved stability has been developed using a process involving dissolution of the crude neem seed extract in a polar solvent and removal of impurities by precipitation and/or treatment of the extract with an oxidizing agent. The resulting extract, optionally formulated as a wettable powder, is a useful insecticide for the control of foliar pests.
Patent ZA-941245-B (ZA)
Title: Process for the production of a plug chamber during the cascade-drawing of pipes and apparatus to carry out the process
Inventor: EBERTS FRIEDRICH
IPC: B21C1/24
Filed: 1994-02-23
Abstract: Use is made of a device (15) with a clamping and denting unit (16) and with an end-expansion and ironing unit (17). A starting tube (1) is first of all fixed locally by means of the clamping and denting unit (16). An ironing ring (30) is then moved along a freely projecting end section (31) of the starting tube (1) with the aid of an ironing cylinder (22) of the end-expansion and ironing unit (17), and a mandrel (26) is then driven into the end section (31) with the aid of a mandrel cylinder (21) of the end-expansion and ironing unit (17). Once the mandrel (26) has reached its end position, in which the inside diameter and the outside diameter of the end section (31) are enlarged, the ironing ring (30) is drawn over the end section (31), the outside diameter being reduced to the original outside diameter of the starting tube (1). Following this, the mandrel (26) too is withdrawn from the end section (31) and two dents are produced on the outer circumference of the end section (31) of the starting tube (1) with the aid of the clamping and denting unit (16). Together with a drawing point produced by forming the free end of the starting tube (1), these dents form a plug chamber into which are embedded a plurality of drawing plugs that interact with drawing dies during the cascade drawing. <IMAGE>
Patent ZA-944060-B (ZA)
Title: Catalytic materials comprising layered clay macrospheres
Inventor: BUCK MALCOLM JOHNSTONE
IPC: C07C37/14
Filed: 1994-06-09
Abstract: A catalytic material comprises macrospheres consisting essentially of an acid-leached calcined layered clay mineral having a surface area of at least 100 m<2>/g and an average pore diameter of at least 20 Angstroms the macrospheres having a bulk density not above 1.0 g/cc. The surface acidity is preferably at least 0.3 m mole H<+>/g and the free acidity is preferably at least 0.1 %. The material may be produced by acid-treating a layered clay mineral followed by washing, balling and calcining. The material may be used to catalyse bromine index reductions, alkylations of phenols, alkylations of benzene or esterifications of alcohols.