baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FR-2563465-A1 (FR)
Title: Articles en mousses composites et leur procede de fabrication
Inventor: KOCH G TERYL
IPC: B29C65/02
Filed: 1985-04-24
Abstract: L'INVENTION CONCERNE DES ARTICLES PROFILES COMPOSITES EN MOUSSE ET LEUR PROCEDE DE FABRICATION. LE PROCEDE CONSISTE A PREPARER UN ELEMENT DE MOUSSE 10, A TRAITER UNE PREMIERE SURFACE 14 DE CET ELEMENT AVEC UN ADHESIF 13, A PREPARER UN SECOND ELEMENT DE MOUSSE FLEXIBLE 12 COMPORTANT UNE SURFACE 16 A JOINDRE A LA SURFACE 14 DU PREMIER ELEMENT, A TRAITER AVEC UN ADHESIF CETTE SURFACE 16, A JOINDRE LES SURFACES 14, 16 DES DEUX ELEMENTS A PROFILER LES ELEMENTS JOINTS 10, 12 A UNE FORME SELECTIONNEE ET A ASSURER LA CUISSON DE L'ADHESIF DE FACON QUE LES ELEMENTS RESTENT ELASTIQUEMENT DEFORMES. APPLICATION A LA FABRICATION DE COUSSINS DE SIEGES.
Patent FR-2563591-A1 (FR)
Title: Embrayage a griffes
Inventor: EHRLENSPIEL KLAUS
IPC: F16D3/04
Filed: 1985-04-30
Abstract: EMBRAYAGE COMPORTANT UNE PIECE ENTRAINANTE SUR L'ARBRE MENANT, UNE PIECE ENTRAINEE SUR L'ARBRE MENE, AU MOINS DEUX GRIFFES OU CRABOTS SUR LA PIECE ENTRAINANTE, LE MEME NOMBRE DE CRABOTS SUR LA PIECE ENTRAINEE ET DES CORPS DE TRANSMISSION MOBILES ENTRE LES CRABOTS ENTRAINANTS ET ENTRAINES. LES CORPS DE TRANSMISSION 4 SONT RELIES PAR SURETE DE FORME AU CORPS DE TRANSMISSION 4 VOISIN PAR DES ELEMENTS DE LIAISON 5 ET MONTES SUR LES ELEMENTS 5 DES PAIRES D'ELEMENTS DE LIAISON, EN ROTATION AUTOUR DE L'AXE DE LEUR FACE ROULANTE. L'EMBRAYAGE SELON L'INVENTION COMPENSE UN DECALAGE RADIAL, AXIAL OU DANS UNE CERTAINE MESURE AUSSI ANGULAIRE DES ARBRES. IL PERMET D'EVITER DES PERTES PAR FROTTEMENT DE GLISSEMENT.
Patent FR-2565038-A1 (FR)
Title: Joint comportant un joint a levre pour connecteur electrique antideflagrant et connecteur electrique le comportant
Inventor: DIDIER ROBERT GEORGE
IPC: E21B33/04
Filed: 1985-06-14
Abstract: L'INVENTION CONCERNE LES CONNECTEURS ELECTRIQUES. ELLE SE RAPPORTE A UN CONNECTEUR ELECTRIQUE DANS LEQUEL DES CONTACTS 60, 64 DE FILS DE RELAIS SE SEPARENT AVANT QUE LES CONTACTS DES CONDUCTEURS PRINCIPAUX 58, 62 SE SEPARENT, SI BIEN QU'UN RELAIS PEUT INTERROMPRE L'ALIMENTATION AVANT LA SEPARATION DES CONTACTS PRINCIPAUX. EN OUTRE, UN JOINT A LEVRE 46 EMPECHE L'OUVERTURE DE LA CAVITE INTERNE VERS L'EXTERIEUR TANT QUE LES CONTACTS DE RELAIS NE SONT PAS SEPARES. APPLICATION AUX CONNECTEURS DES TETES DE PUITS DE PETROLE.
Patent FR-2567684-A1 (FR)
Title: Module ayant un substrat ceramique multicouche et un circuit multicouche sur ce substrat et procede pour sa fabrication
Inventor: DOHYA AKIHIRO
IPC: H01L23/538
Filed: 1985-07-10
Abstract: LE MODULE MULTICOUCHE COMPREND UN SUBSTRAT MULTICOUCHE EN VERRE CERAMIQUE ET UNE MATRICE DE LIGNES DE FILS MULTICOUCHE. LA MATRICE DE LIGNES CABLEE MULTICOUCHE COMPREND UNE COUCHE ISOLANTE, CONSTITUEE D'UNE MATIERE ISOLANTE PHOTOSENSIBLE, APTE A ETRE TRAITEE AVEC UNE GEOMETRIE FINE. LA COUCHE ISOLANTE DE LA MATRICE DE LIGNE DE FILS MULTICOUCHE EST MUNIE D'UN BOURRELET PERMETTANT DE COMPENSER LES VARIATIONS DES EMPLACEMENTS DES TROUS TRAVERSANTS. LE METAL EST DEPOSE A L'INTERIEUR DES TROUS TRAVERSANTS, DE FACON A LES REMPLIR, DE SORTE QUE LE METAL N'EST PAS COUPE AUX COINS.
Patent FR-2573677-A1 (FR)
Title: Hot adhesive application gun
Inventor: ESPER FRIEDRICH-JOSEF
IPC: B05C5/04
Filed: 1985-08-30
Abstract: The gun for applying hot melted adhesive has a barrel formed by a ceramic tube (3). The tube  has a nozzle (4) at one end and a bar (11) of solid adhesive is inserted into the opposite end. A heating coil (5,8) is wound around the outside of the tube (3) and the temp. of the adhesive is controlled by sensing elements (6,9). The barrel is fitted in a housing with a temp. control switch and a press-button control to feed the solid bar of adhesive further into the barrel as the melted adhesive is forced out through the nozzle.
Patent FR-2587525-A1 (FR)
Title: Conditionnement comprenant un document attache a un produit, procede et dispositif pour la realisation d'un tel conditionnement
Inventor: PICARD JACQUES
IPC: G09F3/08
Filed: 1985-09-18
Abstract: LE PRODUIT OU SON EMBALLAGE D'ORIGINE 1 EST SOLIDARISE A UN DOCUMENT 2 EN FORME DE FEUILLE PAR L'INTERMEDIAIRE D'UNE BANDE FLEXIBLE DE LIAISON 3 REALISEE PAR UN RUBAN ADHESIF UNIFACE TRANSPARENT CEINTURANT L'EMBALLAGE 1 ET DEPASSANT DE PART ET D'AUTRE DE L'EMBALLAGE, PUIS SE COLLANT SUR LUI-MEME SELON UNE ZONE INTERMEDIAIRE FORMANT LA BANDE FLEXIBLE 3, SES DEUX EXTREMITES SE COLLANT ENSUITE RESPECTIVEMENT SUR LES DEUX FACES OPPOSEES DU DOCUMENT 2.
Patent FR-2588639-A1 (FR)
Title: Method for automatically interrupting the operation of one or more boilers and device including application of this method
Inventor: ROUSSEL MICHEL
IPC: F23N5/18
Filed: 1985-10-15
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device permitting the automatic stoppage of boilers in the event of defects in the region of the fan for extracting the burnt gases. This device essentially comprises a venturi 1 associated with the wall 2 of a flue 3 fitted with an extraction fan, as well as two partial-vacuum controllers, namely a safety partial-vacuum controller 7 communicating 6 with the neck 5 of the venturi 1 and connected to a stop control of one or more boilers, and a calibration partial-vacuum controller 9 also communicating 6 with the neck 5 of the venturi 1 and connected to a gear motor 11 which drives a disc 12 for progressively closing off an opening 15 made in the wall 2 of the flue 3. This device applies especially to the burnt-gases and foul-air extraction flues equipping blocks of flats which include one or more individual heating installations.
Patent FR-2590780-A1 (FR)
Title: Height-adjustable school desk and tiltable working surface
Inventor: CAVAILLON GASTON
IPC: A47B41/02
Filed: 1985-11-29
Abstract: The invention relates to a school desk having a tiltable working surface. The table comprises two legs 20 of cantilever design, which are mounted so as to slide in vertical split slides 26 which can be tightened so as to lock the legs in the desired position, the working surface 10 of the table being articulated to the ends of two longitudinal members 70 fixed in an overhanging position on the slides and capable of being rotated by means of a transverse actuating bar 76 placed under the working surface, which is articulated to the longitudinal members, and has a length greater than the distance between the longitudinal members.
Patent FR-2593160-A1 (FR)
Title: Method for dividing up into vertical stacks a horizontal row of flat sheets and automatic feed device for implementation of the said method
Inventor: FAUCHEUX CHARLES
IPC: B65H1/30
Filed: 1986-01-22
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for dividing up into vertical stacks a horizontal row of flat sheets as well as an automatic feed device for implementing the said method. According to the invention, a pack 10 of sheets placed at the end of a row 8 is subjected to a substantially vertical movement so as to build up a stack of sheets. A horizontal thrust is exerted on the projecting end of the raised pack 10 so as to tilt flat the said pack 10 and then the vertical stack of sheets which has just been formed is removed. The invention will be particularly applicable for corrugators in order to feed the feeders of conversion machines producing cardboard packaging from sheets of solid fibreboard or corrugated cardboard.
Patent FR-2593714-A1 (FR)
Title: Method for manufacturing cubic elements with curved edges for games, means of implementation and product obtained
IPC: A63B67/06
Filed: 1986-02-04
Abstract: The present invention applies to the manufacture of cubic elements with curved edges used in outdoor games and making it possible to diversify the game of pétanque. The machining method employed comprises, first of all, the grooving 4 on the six faces of the blank 6 which is obtained by turning; then the actual machining of the faces is produced either by turning, or by milling. The means of implementation involve a clamping tool 5 and a movable vice 15 comprising jaws 17 fixed on the carriage 16 by means of axial stops 18, which permits two positionings of the blank at 90 DEG . The clamping of the jaws 17 is obtained by a pneumatic jack 29 acting on the pivot flange 31 and the flange 32. These game elements have curved surfaces and plane surfaces whose relationships have been specially designed in order to ensure continuity of movement of the said elements over the ground.
Patent FR-2598363-A1 (FR)
Title: Blocking device for immobilising loads stored on pallets or containers on a transport platform
IPC: B60P7/13
Filed: 1986-02-11
Abstract: The invention relates to a locking device making it possible to immobilise loads stored on pallets, by means of locking shoes positioned on rack rails. According to the invention, the device comprises a wedge 4 in front of locking studs 3, and a lever 5 mounted pivotally on the shoe body; the lever has a cam portion 7 in front of its axis 6 and a lockable rear branch 8, the said lever 5 thus being able to pivot between a passive retraction position and an active locking position in which it can be locked, so that the device is two-directional. Application especially to transporting loads stored on pallets or containers on board road-transport vehicles.
Patent FR-2597190-A1 (FR)
Title: Device for selecting and distributing odours, synchronised with a show or other purposes
IPC: A63J5/00
Filed: 1986-04-09
Abstract: The subject of the invention relates to a device for selecting and distributing odours, synchronised with a show or other purposes. It consists of the combination firstly of a distributor 1 with a proportioning device, and then of a programmer activating a distributing solenoid valve. It is more particularly usable in theatres or for sound and visual shows, but may also be applied to any preventive or curative physiological treatment.
Patent FR-2598128-A1 (FR)
Title: Safety system in the event of rupture or failure of the braking members on motor vehicles, towing vehicles or the like
IPC: B60Q1/44
Filed: 1986-05-05
Abstract: Safety system acting in the event of rupture of the brakes on motor vehicles, towing vehicles or the like. For example, in the case of failure, either of the master cylinder of the brakes, of the servo brake, of a caliper of a receiving cylinder of the corrector, as well as in the event of rupture of an oil-supply pipeline in the hydraulic braking circuit. This invention makes it possible to brake and to stop the runaway vehicle avoiding any accident. The entire safety device is a function of the brake pedal 1 which, alone, automatically controls the safety via the movement of the master cylinder and of the servo brake 2, 6 and 7. This invention therefore has a use on all motor vehicles, towing vehicles or the like, so as to avoid accidents and pile-ups which are often fatal.
Patent FR-2607544-A1 (FR)
Title: Electronic lock with periodic code change
Inventor: PHILIPPE PATRICK
IPC: G06K19/077
Filed: 1986-11-27
Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic lock with a variable code of the type comprising an encoded-message emitter 1 and a receiver 6 for the said message, which receiver is formed by means 7 for reading the said received message, comparing the said received message with a message stored in memory, and emitting a control signal when the said messages agree. The electronic lock according to the invention is characterised in that the code varies as a function of time. Application to the motor vehicle industry.
Patent FR-2591924-A1 (FR)
Title: Method and device for relative positioning between a component to be machined, a tool, and measuring heads
Inventor: ZEHNER BERND-UWE DR
IPC: G01B7/004
Filed: 1986-12-19
Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for relative positioning between a component to be machined, a tool, and measuring heads. The device uses a positioning system along two coordinates comprising a mobile platform 2, holding devices 4 placed on the platform 2 as well as on the framework 1 hold a support 5 for the measuring heads 6 in a suitable position, the device allowing relative positioning movements between a component to be machined 9, the measurement heads 6, and the machining tool 11. Application especially to the manufacture of components and active and passive electronic circuits.
Patent FR-2608702-A1 (FR)
Title: Universal coupling joint
Inventor: BOTTI M
IPC: F16D3/207
Filed: 1986-12-23
Abstract: Universal joint for coupling between two shafts, of the type including a first drive element 1 in the form of a bowl intended to be connected to one of the shafts, a second element 8 of spherical shape intended to be connected to the other shaft, and drive elements 6 carried by the first element respectively engaged in curved grooves distributed angularly at the surface of the second element, characterised by the fact that the axes of the drive elements 6 extend radially through a retention ring 11 having a spherical internal bearing surface, mounted with displacement about the centre of the second element 8.
Patent FR-2609359-A1 (FR)
Title: Device for experimental electrical and electronic layouts
IPC: G09B23/18
Filed: 1987-01-05
Abstract: The invention relates to a device making it possible to construct, without soldering, a network of connections corresponding to the requirements specific to each layout. This device consists of a standard base, which can be juxtaposed by fitting to four adjacent identical bases. Constructed in the form of a cross, each base provides 5 contacts 4 for cylindrical plugs of 4 mm diameter and 8 contacts 5 for pins of small diameters less than 1 mm. Certain of the standard bases may be equipped with a potentiometer support, or a support for 2-, 3- or 4-pin components which are intended to be inserted by plugging into the network of the layout. This device is intended for making electrical and electronic layouts for the various levels of the educational system; the number of modules to be used depending on the complexity of the layout to be undertaken.
Patent FR-2609962-A1 (FR)
Title: Sealed breathing tube with a telescopic extension end fitting for subsea fishing and the like
IPC: B63C11/20
Filed: 1987-01-27
Abstract: Sealed breathing tube with a telescopic extension end fitting for subsea fishing and the like. It is made up of the combination firstly of a concave graduated notching section 5, 6, 7, 12 formed on the front end of the tube whose diameter has been slightly reduced, then of a sealing boss 8 placed at the end part of the notched sector and finally of a sliding telescopic cylindrical end fitting provided with an internally-projecting retaining stud. It is intended to allow the user instantaneously to adapt the length of the tube to the state of the sea and the height of the waves.
Patent FR-2612181-A1 (FR)
Title: Process for the preparation of diketones by the reaction of an organometallic compound with a compound carrying two carbonyl groups, in a solvent
Inventor: TOZZOLINO PIERRE
IPC: C07C49/76
Filed: 1987-03-11
Abstract: Process for the preparation of diketones by the reaction of an organometallic compound with a compound carrying 2 carbonyl groups in a solvent in the presence of a manganous salt as catalyst; the manganous salt is in the form of a double salt of Mn and of an alkali metal cation.
Patent FR-2612455-A1 (FR)
Title: Writing grid
IPC: B43L13/20
Filed: 1987-03-16
Abstract: The present invention is a writing grid which enables the appropriate computer optical reading system to process any written information. The basic grid is composed of twelve segments. Each written character, whether number or letter, employs certain segments and does not employ certain others. The reading system therefore has only to detect which segments are employed and which not employed in each grid in order to identify each written character, since each character can be differentiated from all the others by the use of certain segments and non-use of certain others. This reading system used by a computer system can therefore process any text written out on a series of grids. It is clearly necessary to bring together the system and the public's handwriting, by providing a reference [exemplar] for the writing of the characters, which will then be common to the public and the system.
Patent FR-2596785-A1 (FR)
Title: Godet pour excavatrice
Inventor: SCHWAPPACH DIETER
IPC: E02F3/40
Filed: 1987-03-24
Abstract: L'INVENTION SE RAPPORTE AU MATERIEL DE TERRASSEMENT. CE GODET D'EXCAVATRICE PRESENTE SUR SON BORD D'ATTAQUE DES DENTS 2, 3 ET DES REGIONS INTERCALAIRES GARNIES DE CHAPEAUX D'USURE INTERCHANGEABLES 5. CHAQUE CHAPEAU 5 PRESENTE UN TALON 6 ET UNE BRANCHE SUPERIEURE 7. DES BLOCS DE RETENUE 9 SOUDES SUR LE GODET S'EMMANCHENT DANS DES OUVERTURES EN FENETRE DES BRANCHES 7. UNE LIAISON A RAINURE ET LANGUETTE 9, 10 EMPECHE LES BRANCHES DE SE SOULEVER DU GODET. DES PIECES DE VERROUILLAGE AMOVIBLES 11 ELASTIQUEMENT COMPRESSIBLES MAINTIENNENT LES BRANCHES 7 ASSEMBLEES AUX BLOCS 9. PRINCIPALES APPLICATIONS: PELLES EXCAVATRICES.
Patent FR-2614234-A1 (FR)
Title: Method for producing, on a rotary printing press with a spool, a brochure with a high number of pages in the form of a catalogue, with leaves offset in a single operation
IPC: B42F21/12
Filed: 1987-04-21
Abstract: Method for producing, on a rotary printing press with a spool, a brochure with a high number of pages in the form of a catalogue, with leaves offset, in a single operation, characterised in that it consists, at the output of the printing units, in cutting strips of various breadths with decreasing widths with respect to the biggest one 1-1' 2-2' 3-3', of superimposing them in an even decreasing order, in an irregular order or in a mixed order, in making a second fold P2 along the line parallel to their various widths and then a new central fold P3 or offset fold P3' making it possible to obtain additional leaves, perpendicular to the fold 2. The stapling (binding) operation known per se allows, due to the cut (of the trimming type), the fold 2 to be opened on the 3 sides.
Patent FR-2614965-A1 (FR)
Title: Reduction gear without play
IPC: F16H13/00
Filed: 1987-05-06
Abstract: The reduction gear according to the invention is of the type with a deformable tubular body 2a with contact by adherence on an elastic tubular body 1a, the drive element being made up of a planetary system with three smooth rollers 3a, 4a.
Patent FR-2617825-A1 (FR)
Title: Device for opening the protective cap (or seal) of a container, directly with the stopper
IPC: B65D51/22
Filed: 1987-07-06
Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for opening the protective cap (or seal) of a container, directly with the stopper. It consists of a cutter 1 equipped with a tip 3 permitting puncturing and cutting of the protective cap 2 by means of pressure when the user unblocks the tamper-proof device 7, turns and drives down the stopper. The pieces of protective cap are entrained over the periphery of the opening via spatulas 5 between the edge of the container 6 and the inner edge 4 of the stopper. The device according to the invention is intended particularly for stoppers of containers with a protective cap.
Patent FR-2621312-A1 (FR)
Title: Process for the oxidation of olefins
Inventor: GUILMET ELISABETH
IPC: C07C45/34
Filed: 1987-10-02
Abstract: Oxidation of monoolefins having end unsaturation in the liquid phase by oxygen using a catalyst which is a combination of AgNO2 with Pd in the form of PdXa, X denoting an anion, or in the form of PdLb, L denoting an exclusively organic ligand, accompanied or unaccompanied by L'c, L' denoting an organophosphorus compound.
Patent FR-2605116-A1 (FR)
Title: Procede pour preparer un revelateur photographique sous forme de poudre seche, et poudre obtenue par ce procede
Inventor: RAY DANIEL
IPC: G03C5/26
Filed: 1987-10-08
Abstract: L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE DE PREPARATION D'UN REVELATEUR PHOTOGRAPHIQUE SOUS FORME DE POUDRE SECHE. LE PROCEDE CONSISTE A PREPARER UNE SOLUTION DE REVELATEUR PHOTOGRAPHIQUE LIQUIDE CONSTITUE D'UN SOLVANT, DE PREFERENCE AQUEUX, CONTENANT AU MOINS UN INGREDIENT A ACTION REVELATRICE ET UNE SUBSTANCE ALCALINE AUTRE QU'UN HYDROXYDE, A ELIMINER LE SOLVANT POUR OBTENIR UNE POUDRE ET A EMBALLER LA POUDRE DE FACON A EMPECHER SON CONTACT AVEC L'ATMOSPHERE. LE SOLVANT EST DE PREFERENCE ELIMINE PAR LYOPHILISATION OU SECHAGE PAR ATOMISATION. LA POUDRE AINSI OBTENUE EST STABLE A L'ENTREPOSAGE ET SE DISSOUT RAPIDEMENT DANS L'EAU EN DONNANT UN REVELATEUR LIQUIDE A LA CONCENTRATION D'EMPLOI. DOMAINE D'APPLICATION : TRAITEMENT DES PELLICULES PHOTOGRAPHIQUES.
Patent FR-2622317-A1 (FR)
Title: Rotating surface-level knob for driving in rotation a shaft of a device
Inventor: PERDU JACQUES
IPC: G05G1/08
Filed: 1987-10-27
Abstract: Rotating surface-level knob 1 for driving in rotation a shaft of a device such as an electrical, electronic or mechanical component or appliance, characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand, a box or bowl 3 which can be fixed to the extremity of a shaft 22 of this device, and, on the other hand, two manoeuvring flaps 5 mounted within and at the level of the edge 7 of this box or bowl 3 and which are pivoting with respect to one another, in two opposite directions and through limited amplitudes, around a common pivoting rod 10 whose extremities are fixed in the wall of this box or bowl 3.
Patent FR-2623349-A1 (FR)
Title: Dispositif de retard d'au moins un train de donnees binaires a haut debit
Inventor: CALVEZ MICHEL LE
IPC: G06F5/16
Filed: 1987-11-18
Abstract: Dispositif de retard d'au moins un train de données binaires à haut débit, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend - un premier 25 et un second 26 registre de type FIFO (" First-in First-out ") à m entrées et à n mots séries; - un compteur binaire 27 délivrant un signal MSB (" Most Significant Bit "); - un circuit 28 de commande d'écriture-lecture dans lesdits registres 25, 26 comportant : . un circuit d'aiguillage d'un signal horloge H alternativement vers chacun de ces deux registres 25, 26 pour permettre de réaliser simultanément l'écriture dans l'un des deux registres et la lecture de l'autre et réciproquement; . un circuit 33, 34 de remise à zéro dynamique de ces registres 25, 26 immédiatement avant une phase d'écriture; . un circuit 35 de génération d'un signal " Output Enable " de commande de ces registres pour permettre la sortie des données, préalablement entrées, n coup d'horloge après le début d'une phase d'écriture. Application notamment au domaine des trains de données haut débit.
Patent FR-2624315-A1 (FR)
Title: Front commutator for a rotating electrical machine
Inventor: NICOLLE DOMINIQUE
IPC: H01R39/06
Filed: 1987-12-07
Abstract: Front commutator for a rotating electrical machine, of the type whose segments (strips) are anchored into an insulating body 8 suitable for being fixed to a rotor shaft by means of a metal sheath 6 embedded in the said body 8, characterised in that the segments (strips) each include at least one shoulder 4A interacting with an buttress 7 for reinforcing the axial anchoring of the segments (strips), this abutment being made together with the metal sheath 6 before the shoulders 4A.
Patent WO-8810351-A1 (WO)
Title: Improved system with pivoting clamping lever for locking door and window pins and hinges in the open position
Inventor: RAUNER HANS
IPC: E05D11/08
Filed: 1988-06-16
Abstract: The washers (4, 13), the hollow spacer (14), and the elements (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12) constituting the locking pin are assembled on the axis (1) and held together by the nut (2), the counter-nut (3) and the pin (15). The eccentric end of the lever (16) makes it possible to block the elements of the pin and hence prevent their rotation. These improvements concern the locking pin which prevents doors and windows from banging.