Patent GB-388367-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coating compositions
IPC: C09D101/18
Filed: 1931-06-16
Abstract: Synthetic resins are manufactured from a polyhydric alcohol, a polybasic carboxylic acid, and a non-resin monobasic carboxylic acid. A fatty oil component with or without a natural resin or another synthetic resin may be used in place of, or in addition to, the monobasic acid.  Polyhydric alcohols specified are glycerol, ethylene and propylene glycols, polyglycerols, glycol ethers, diethylene and dipropylene glycols, pentaerythritol. Chlorhydrine also may be used as the corresponding ingredient. Polybasic acids specified are phthalic, succinic, tartaric, maleic, fumaric, malic, and citric acids.  Non-resin monobasic acids and fatty oil components specified are benzoic, lactic, and stearic acids, and drying, semidrying or nondrying oils or their acids such as linseed, tung, castor, soya bean, coco nut, cottonseed and corn oils; mixtures of oils, or of their acids, or of oils with the acids of the same or of other oils may be used. Natural resins specified are rosin, congo, dammar, and rosin ester.  Other synthetic resins specified are phenolformaldehyde, acetate, styrene and aldehyde resins.  Examples describe the condensation of: (1) phthalic anhydride, glycerol and stearic acid; (2) the same substances with the addition of rosin; (3) phthalic anhydride, diethylene glycol and coco nut oil; (4) phthalic anhydride, glycerol and distilled cottonseed fatty acids; (5) phthalic anhydride, glycerol and linseed oil fatty acids; (6) phthalic anhydride, ethylene glycol and castor oil. Specifications 327,095, 327,096, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], 330,909, and 330,910, [both in Class 95, Paints &c.], are referred to.ALSO:Lacquers or enamels are made with a nitrocellulose of intermediate viscosity and a resinous complex made from a polyhydric alcohol, a polybasic carboxylic acid, and a non-resin monobasic carboxylic acid.  A fatty oil component with or without a natural resin may be used in place of, or in addition to, the monobasic acid. The proportion of resin may exceed that of nitrocellulose in the composition.  Small proportions of other synthetic resins may be added.  An intermediate viscosity is a viscosity of 3 to 15 seconds determined as set out in the Proceedings of the American Society for Testing Materials, 1929, Vol. 29, Part I, pp. 647-8, using Formula A, and the preferred range of viscosity is 4 to 10 seconds.  Polyhydric alcohols specified are glycerol, ethylene and propylene glycols, polyglycerols, diethylene and di-propylene glycols, pentaerythritol. Chlorhydrine also may be used as the corresponding ingredient. Polybasic acids specified are phthalic, succinic, tartaric, maleic, fumaric, malic, and citric acids. Non-resin monobasic acids and fatty oil components specified are benzoic, lactic, and stearic acids, and drying, semi-drying or non-drying oils or their acids such as linseed, tung, castor, soya bean, coconut, cotton-seed, and corn oils; mixtures of oils, or of their acids, or of oils with the acids of the same or of other oils may be used.  Natural resins specified are rosin, congo, dammar, and rosin ester.  Other synthetic resins specified are phenol-formaldehyde, acetate, styrene, and aldehyde resins. Examples of phthalic glyceride resins are (1) a stearic phthalic glyceride resin; (2) a stearic rosin phthalic glyceride resin; (3) a phthalic diethylene-glycol coconut-oil balsam; (4) a phthalic cotton-seed acid glyceride; (5) a phthalic linseed acid glyceride; and (6) a phthalic castor-oil glycol resin.  Examples of lacquers and enamels are (1) nitrocellulose, castor phthalic glyceride resin, zinc oxide, titanox dibutyl phthalate, butyl propionate acetate and alcohol, ethyl acetate, toluol; (2) nitrocellulose, linseed phthalic glyceride, toluidine red, dibutylphthalate, butyl and ethyl acetates, butyl alcohol, toluol; (3) nitrocellulose, glycol castor phthalate, butyl and ethyl acetates, toluol; and (4) nitrocellulose, cotton-seed phthalic glyceride resin, dibutyl phthalate, methyl alcohol, benzol. Specifications 327,095, 327,096, 330,909, and 330,910, [all in Class 95, Paints &c.], are referred to.