Patent GB-262441-A (GB)
IPC: F25B15/14
Abstract: 262,441. Electrolux, Ltd., (Assignees of Platen-Munters' Refrigerating System Aktiebolag). Dec. 2, 1925, [Convention date]. Refrigerating, a,bsorption and special processes for. - Circulation of gases in refrigerating and other systems is effected by interposing a porous wall in the cycle, introducing a supplementary gas on one side to cause a difference in the partial pressure on the two sides, and removing the second gas from the cycle. In the general application shown in Fig. 5, a condensible supplementary gas is supplied by vaporization to the space 13 on one side of the porous diaphragm, and by reducing the relative partial pressure of the main gas on this side causes a circulation of the main gas with some of the auxiliary gas to a condenser 18 where the auxiliary gas is liquefied and returned through the conduit 17 while the main gas flows to the other side 11 of the diaphragm. Any auxiliary gas in the space 11 isremoved by a supplementary closed cycle through a condenser 28 communicating with the condenser 18. In a modification, a single separator 18 may be used and the mixture rich in the auxiliary gas, which is found in the space 11 near the diaphragm, is conveyed to it through a conduit by a fan. The gases may be separated by differential solution in place of liquefaction. Fig. 6 shows a refrigerating apparatus employing e.g. mercury and water. The mercury is distilled in a boiler 33 and passes to the space 13, causing a circulation of water, mercury and vapours through a condenser 37 to a separator 39 whence the mercury returns to the boiler 33 and the water rises to a vessel 40, acting in consequence of the lowered pressure to evaporate the water and thus serve as the refrigerator. Fig. 7 shows a refrigerating cycle in which in addition to the two fluids, an inert gas is employed to equalize pressures. The porous diaphragm is cylindrical and mercury or other vapour is supplied to the space within it by a boiler 33 and superheater 44, while water or other vapour is supplied to the external space 11. The condenser is inclined so that mercury flows back while water flows on to the refrigerating chamber 40, which has plates 57 facilitating evaporation of water; any mercury present flows into the boiler 33. The parts 11, 43, 40, 41 contain an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen, krypton, or xenon, of higher molecular weight than the water &c. vapour. Fig. 8 shows a refrigerating apparatus employing an inert gas such as hydrogen and operating by absorption e.g. of ammonia in water. Ammonia vapour is expelled from its solution in the boiler 33, which is heated by an electric coil 59, and passes through a condenser to the refrigerating vessel 40, which is partitioned by a plate 45 on which the liquefied ammonia collects, passing down through a goose-neck 47 to the space below, where it evaporates. Hydrogen diffuses through the cylindrical partition 12 depending from the plate, and the mixture of gases passes into the lower part of the partitioned absorber 48, the ammonia solution passing back into the boiler while the hydrogen returns through pipe 54 to the refrigerator 40. The gas mixture within the porous cylinder 12 passes into the upper part of the absorber 48 which receives weak ammonia solution from the boiler through a pipe 60. this solution passing through a neck 50 to the lower part of the absorber. In a modification, the porous cylinder is located within the absorber, while the refrigerator is provided with a partition having a neck for the outflow of liquid ammonia. Fig. 10 shows a refrigerating apparatus in which the gas circulation causes a circulation of the liquid. With the same media, ammonia liquefied in the condenser 37 passes through the space 13 and the part remaining as liquid flows through a neck 75 to the lower part of the evaporator, whence the mixed hydrogen and ammonia gas pass into the absorber. Gaseous ammonia in the space 13, mixed with transfused hydrogen, flows through pipe 76 to a bell 77 within the absorber where it raises the liquid in a pipe 78 and delivers it by gravity to the boiler 33 from which a stream of weakened absorbent flows to the absorber through pipe 60.