Patent GB-497083-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatic regulating devices for brakes
IPC: B60T8/74
Filed: 1937-03-08
Abstract: 497,083. Fluid pressure brakes; automatic control systems. HALLOT, P., and MONNERET, F. J. March 8, 1937, Nos. 6777 and 6778. Void. Convention dates. March 6, 1936 and Feb. 18, 1937. [Class 103 (i)] [Also in Group XXXV] A regulating device for brakes which is adapted to control the braking effort in such manner as to oppose a tendency of the road wheels to skid comprises two masses adapted to be rotatably driven by the road wheels and displaced axially at the time of braking under the effect of their momentum, the masses being coupled together in such a manner that inertia effects due to movements other than rotation of the road wheels are balanced out. In the form shown in Fig. 1 two rotating masses acting by inertia are coupled by a lever 9 turning on a fixed pivot 10 and adapted to act through a strut 11 on a valve 12 arranged when the deceleration exceeds a predetermined amount to stabilize the braking effort at the amount then existing and if this is not sufficient to arrest the deceleration, ultimately reduces the braking effort. The masses 8, 8<1> have central threaded apertures engaging quick-threaded screws or shafts 4, 4<1>. These shafts are coupled together by meshing toothed wheels 6, 6<1> and are connected to a shaft 1 driven by the road wheels by ratchets 5, 5<1> and pinions 2, 3, 3<1>, arranged so that the shafts 4, 4<1> always rotate in the same direction whether the vehicle is going forward or backward. To prevent the shafts 4 overrunning the shaft 1 a brake pad 27 is adapted to be pressed against a mating surface 28 on the shaft 4<1> by fluid pressure acting on a piston 26. In this arrangement two compressed air conduits are employed ; one C<1> is constantly under pressure and supplies the auxiliary reservoirs, the other C<2> is connected by the driver either to atmosphere or to a pressure supply. When atmospheric pressure exists in the conduit C<2> the diaphragm 30 in the relay Rj falls allowing the valve 34 to seat and shut-off the air supply while the valve 33 opens to connect the conduit 19 to atmosphere through the port 32. When pressure is admitted to this pipe the valves reverse and the auxiliary reservoir 35 is connected to the conduit 19. The conduit 19 is connected to the conduit containing the valve 12 through a pressure reducing valve having a double beat valve one beat of which seats on a member 17 having a passage leading to the atmosphere and adjustably loaded by a spring 16 compressed by a pair of pivoted centrifugal weights 15 rotated by the shaft. The purpose of this valve is to permit a reduced pressure only to pass when the speed is low or the inertia apparatus out of order. The valve 12 which is adjustably loaded by a spring the movable abutment of which is adjusted by fluid pressure under the centrol of an electromagnetically actuated valve 23 energized at the same time as an electromagnetic brake, connects the conduit 13 leading to the reservoir 36 and relay Rs either to the conduit 20 to permit braking or to atmosphere through port 53 to reduce the braking effort. When pressure is admitted to the conduit 13 it raises the diaphragm 37 of the relay Rs closing the exhaust passage 41 and opening the valve 52 to permit air from the auxiliary reservoir 35 to pass through pipe 39 and exhaust accelerator valves 43 to the brake cylinders F<1>, F<2>. A manually operated cock I permits the self-regulating device to be byepassed and air from the relay Rj admitted direct to the brake cylinders, a shuttle valve V isolating the relay Rs. In a modification the pressure of the air in the conduit 19 is utilized to actuate the adjustable abutment of the spring 14. In a further modification the relay Rj is replaced by a triple valve. Fig. 5 shows anti-friction balls inserted between the threads of the inertia mass 8 and the screwed threaded shaft 7. In this case the mass acts on the control valve through a heart-shaped lever 64 adapted to pivot about one of two axes 65, 66 and loaded to assume a central position by a single spring 61 adjustable from outside the casing. The screwed shaft may be connected to the driving roller engaging the road wheel by a cone clutch actuated by compressed air acting on a diaphragm, so that the shaft is only rotated at the time of braking. Modifications are described in which the inertia device acts on the control valve through an electrical relay and in which an hydraulic intensifier is arranged between the control valve and the brake cylinder. A form is described for use on aircraft in which in addition to the self-regulating apparatus a control valve actuated by the pilot and a control valve actuated by the telescoping of an undercarriage part are provided.