Patent GB-1068226-A (GB)
Title: High molecular weight imide substituted polymers as fuel detergents
IPC: F02B3/06
Filed: 1966-04-07
Abstract: Fuel compositions comprise a hydrocarbon fuel and a succinimidyl substituted polymer of olefines having an average of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, said polymer having a molecular weight in the range 1 x 105 to 1 x 106, an equivalent weight per succinimidyl group in the range 3000 to 10,000 and substituents on the nitrogen atoms of said succinimidyl groups being hydrogen or hydrocarbyl radicals containing not more than 22 carbon atoms. Specified fuels are aircraft gas turbine fuels, kerosenes, gas oils, diesel fuels and burner or furnace oils.  Conventional additives such as antioxidants, metal deactivators, cetane improvers, pour point depressors and anti-smoke additives, may also be present.  The succinimidyl substituted polymers may be reaction products of ammonia or a primary amine with maleic anhydride adducts of copolymers of cracked wax olefines or of olefines and non-conjugated diolefines such as 1,7-octadiene, 1,9-decadiene, 1,11-dodecadiene, 15-hexadecadiene, 1,11-hexadecadiene and 1,10-dodecadiene.  In examples fuel compositions are formed from 70% light cycle and 30% vacuum top cut straight run oils and additives which are reaction products of maleic anhydride adducts of polymerized cracked wax olefines with (1) cyclohexylamine, (2, 3 and 18) benzylamine, (4) n-heptylamine, (5) n-dodecylamine, (6) n-hexadecylamine, (7) octadecenylamine, (8) octadecenyl and octadecadienyl amines, (9) allyl and cyclohexyl amines, (10) 4-methylbenzylamine, (11) a -methyl benzylamine, (12) 2-phenylethylamine, (13) 2,4 - dimethylphenylamine, (14) 2,6 - dimethylphenylamine, (15) 2,6 - diethylphenylamine, (16) p - methoxyphenylamine and (17) N,N-dimethylaminophenylamine; from kerosene jet fuels, N,N1-disalicylidene - 1,2 - propanediamine as metal deactivator and the 2 4-dimethylphenylimide derivative (13) or the benzylimide derivative (2); and from straight run distallates, 1 : 1 straight run and cracked distillate mixtures, light cycle oil and 70/30 mixtures thereof with vacuum top cut straight run distillates and the benzylimide derivatives (18) with and without N,N1-disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine.ALSO:Succinimidyl substituted polymers of olefins having an average of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, said polymers having a molecular weight in the range 1 x 105 to 1 x 106, an equivalent weight per succinimidyl group in the range 3000 to 10,000 and substituents on the nitrogen atoms of said succinimidyl groups being hydrogen or hydrocarbyl radicals containing not more than 22 carbon atoms, may be prepared by copolymerizing one or more a -olefins having 2 to 22 carbon atoms with one or more non-conjugated diolefins having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, adducting the resulting copolymer with maleic anhydride and reacting the resulting adduct with ammonia or an amine.  Specified diolefins are 1,7-octadiene, 1,9 - decadiene, 1,11 - dodecadiene, 1,15 - hexadecadiene, 1,11 - hexadecadiene and 1,10-dodecadiene. Copolymerization may be effected in an inert hydrocarbon diluent in the presence of a "Ziegler" catalyst. The products may be used as fuel oil additives. In examples cracked wax olefins are copolymerized in heptane in the presence of aluminium activated titanium trichloride and (A) triisobutyl aluminium and (C) ethyl aluminium dichloride, and the product adducted with maleic anhydride. The adducts are reacted with (1) cyclohexylamine, (2 and 3) benzylamine, (4) n-heptylamine, (5) n-dodecylamine, (6) n-hexadecylamine, (7) octadecenylamine, (8) octadecenyl and octadecadienyl amines, (9) allyl and cyclohexyl amines, (10) 4-methylbenzylamine, (11) a -methylbenzylamine, (12) 2 - phenylethylamine, (13) 2,4 - dimethylphenylamine, (14) 2,6-dimethylphenylamine, (15) 2,6-diethylphenylamine, (16) p - methoxyphenylamine and (17) N,N-dimethylaminophenylamine.