Patent GB-836303-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions
IPC: C08F20/08
Filed: 1958-04-08
Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions, suitable as engine oils, turbine oils or gear oils, comprise a major proportion of a lubricating oil and minor proportions of (1) an oil-soluble, nitrogen-containing polymeric compound, which is a copolymer of at least one polymerizable nitrogen free organic compound containing an oleophilic hydrocarbon chain of at least 8 carbon atoms and at least one polymerizable organic compound containing an acyclic basic nitrogen-containing group or containing a heterocyclic group having one or more nitrogen atoms in the ring, and (2) an oil-soluble, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic dithiocarbamate of a Group II divalent metal.  The lubricating oil may be a mineral oil, which may be blended with fatty oils (e.g. castor oil or lard oil) and/or with synthetic lubricants (e.g. polymerized olefins, copolymers of alkylene glycols and alkylene oxides, or silicone polymers).  The compositions may contain additional ingredients such as metal dithiophosphates (e.g. Zn alkyl dithiophosphates), metal sulphonates (e.g. neutral Ca, Ba or Zn petroleum sulphonates), amines (e.g. phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine or octadecylamine), alkyl phenols, viscosity index improvers and pourpoint depressants (e.g. polymeric "Acryloid" esters), condensation products of chlorinated paraffin wax and naphthalene, extreme pressure agents (e.g. esters, amides or amine salts of trichloromethane phosphinic acid) and organic sulphides.  The polymerizable nitrogen-free organic compound employed in preparing ingredient (1) of the composition may be a polymerizable ester, ether or acid or mixtures of these, esters of acrylic, substituted acrylic and fumaric acids, and also vinyl esters, being mentioned.  The nitrogen-containing compound employed in preparing ingredient (1) may be an amino-substituted olefin, a vinyl pyridine, a vinyl lactam (e.g. a vinyl pyrrolidone or vinyl piperidone), an ester of an amino alcohol with an unsaturated carboxylic acid, an unsaturated ether of an amino alcohol, an amide of an unsaturated carboxylic acid wherein an amino-containing group is carried on the amide nitrogen atom, or a polymerizable unsaturated amine.  In preparing ingredient (1), additional polymerizable components may be copolymerized with the compounds of the types specified above. These additional components may be vinyl or allyl esters, unsaturated hydrocarbons, vinyl or allyl ethers, carboxylic acids, alkyl methacrylates, acrylonitrile or methacrylamide.  In the examples, mineral lubricating oil compositions are described containing (i) lauryl methacrylate/N-vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer and zinc or cadmium diamyl dithiocarbamate, or (ii) stearyl methacrylate/lauryl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate/2-methyl - 5 - vinyl - pyridine copolymer and zinc diamyl dithiocarbamate. Specification 799,036 is referred to.ALSO:Oil-soluble nitrogen-containing polymeric compounds, which are copolymers of (a) at least one polymerizable nitrogen-free organic compound containing an oleophilic hydrocarbon chain of at least 8 carbon atoms and (b) at least one polymerizable organic compound containing an acyclic basic nitrogen-containing group or containing a heterocyclic group having one or more nitrogen atoms in the ring, and optionally (c) other polymerizable components, are employed as lubricating oil additives (see Group III). Compound (a) may be a polymerizable ester, ether or acid or mixtures of these, esters of acrylic, substituted acrylic and fumaric acids, and also vinyl esters, being mentioned.  Compound (b) may be an amino-substituted olefin, a vinyl pyridine, a vinyl lactam (e.g. a vinyl pyrrolidone or vinyl piperidone), an ester of an aminoalcohol with an unsaturated carboxylic acid, an unsaturated ether of an aminoalcohol, an amide of an unsaturated carboxylic acid wherein an amino-containing group is carried on the amide nitrogen atom, or a polymerizable unsaturated amine. Components (c) mentioned are vinyl or allyl esters, unsaturated hydrocarbons (including dienes), vinyl or allyl ethers, carboxylic acids, alkyl methacrylates, acrylonitrile, and methacrylamide.  In the examples, the preparation is described of stearyl or lauryl methacrylate/2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine; lauryl methacrylate / N - vinyl pyrrolidone; stearyl methacrylate/lauryl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate/2 - methyl - 5 - vinyl pyridine; stearyl methacrylate / lauryl methacrylate / N-vinyl pyrrolidone; lauryl methacrylate/2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine/styrene; and lauryl methacrylate / methacrylanilide / beta - diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers.  Specification 799,036 is referred to.