Patent GB-934842-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydropneumatic suspension elements
IPC: B60G17/044
Filed: 1962-01-18
Abstract: 934,842. Hydro-pneumatic shock absorbers; levelling. FICHTEL & SACHS A. G. Jan. 18, 1962 [Jan. 21, 1961], No. 1961/62. Classes 108(2) and 108(3). A self-levelling hydro-pneumatic suspension unit for motor vehicles comprises a piston 2a which works in a cylinder 9 filled with pressure fluid and communicates, through a foot valve 22, with a resilient compression chamber 26, and a pressure fluid reservoir 11, 12 which is connected, through an orifice 16 and a one-way valve 15 with a pump cylinder 5 and, through bores 17, 18 in the piston rod 2 and a non-return valve 19, with the working cylinder 9 when a pump piston 3, formed on the piston 2a or rod 2 normally located outside the cylinder 9, moves into a pumping cylinder 5. A return-flow connection from the cylinder 9 to the reservoir 12 is provided by way of a channel 21 in the piston 2a, a chamber 14 and a bore 13 and is brought into operation when the unit becomes sufficiently extended due e.g. to very little, or no, loading. Tubular diaphragms 8, 10 separate the gas compartments 7, 11 from the fluid compartments 12, 26 of the reservoir and the pressure chamber respectively. In the middle region of operation, when pure suspension is obtained, the pump piston 3 reciprocates in the chamber 14 and the groove 21 in the piston 2a remains continually within the working cylinder 9 so that during a bump stroke, the piston 2a displaces fluid through an aperture 28 in the foot plate 22 and bores 27 in the cylinder 9 into the compression chamber 26 to compress the gas in the annular chamber 7. During retraction fluid flows from the reservoir 26 through the bores 27 and apertures 23 in the foot plate 22 and into the cylinder 9. If the piston 2a is displaced downwardly sufficiently to cause the pump piston 3 to penetrate into the pump cylinder 5 on outward strokes of the piston 3 fluid is drawn from the reservoir 12 through the orifice 16 and the valve 15 and into the pump chamber 6. When the piston 3 moves inward the valve 15 is closed and fluid is delivered from the pump chamber 6 into the working cylinder 9 through the bores 17, 18 and the non-return valve 19 to lift the piston rod 2, 2a. With little, or no, load on the suspension a seal 20 is bridged by the channel 21 so that the height regulation begins to operate in the opposite direction fluid flowing from the cylinder 9 through the channel 21, the pump chamber 6, the chamber 14, and the bore 13 into the reservoir until the loss of fluid from the cylinder 9 causes the piston and rod 2a, 2 to drop and the channel 21 to be located completely within the cylinder 9. The separate tubular diaphragms 8, 10 may be replaced by a singular tubular diaphragm or, the upper diaphragm may be omitted so that the gas and fluid in the reservoir adjoin one another with a free surface. The bore 13 in this case is replaced by one which interconnects the bases of the reservoir and the chamber 14. In a further modification, Fig. 4, the fluid in the reservoir is at atmospheric pressure by providing a bore 32 in a housing 1. The seal 20 and the non-return valve 19 are combined in a valve and sealing plate 31 delivery of fluid by the pump piston 3 to the working cylinder in this case being by way of a bore 33 and the valve 31.