Patent GB-770310-A (GB)
Title: Compositions which contain surface-active components
IPC: C11D1/22
Filed: 1954-05-26
Abstract: As surface-active components of compositions required to include such components, use is made of sulphonic acids or their salts derived from alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons of the formula ArC(R1)(R2)(R3), wherein Ar is an aryl radical and R1, R2 and R3 are alkyl radicals which contain a total of 8-17 carbon atoms and are such that two can be selected so that one contains not more than twice the number of carbon atoms in the other, the third containing at most the same number of carbon atoms as the larger of the other two.  Suitably sulphonates are derived from alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons of the formula above in which Ar is a phenyl radical and R1, R2 and R3 contain 5,5 and 1, 6,6 and 1, 7,7 and 1, 4,4 and 4, 5,5 and 5, 8,6 and 1, 6,4 and 1 or 5,3 and 1 carbon atoms respectively, and experimental results are given in which the properties of these sulphonates are compared with those of sulphonated alkylbenzenes of similar structure but in which R1, R2 and R3 contain 6,6 and 6, 12,0 and 0, 10,1 and 0, or 9,1 and 1 carbon atoms respectively.  Alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons of the formula above may be obtained by alkylating aromatic hydrocarbons (1) with dimerized olefines containing 6-8 carbon atoms in the molecule, the olefines being obtainable by cracking petroleum fractions, or (2) with olefines prepared by reacting a symmetrical or asymmetrical aliphatic ketone with a Grignard reagent to yield a tertiary alcohol, which is then dehydrated in known manner.ALSO:As surface-active components of compositions required to include such components, use is made of sulphonic acids or their salts derived from alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons of the formula ArC(R1)(R2)(R3, wherein Ar is an aryl radical and R1, R2 and R3 are alkyl radicals which contain a total of 8-17 carbon atoms and are such that two can be selected so that one contains not more than twice the number of carbon atoms in the other, the third containing at most the same number of carbon atoms as the larger of the other two.  Suitable sulphonates are derived from alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons of the formula above in which Ar is a phenyl radical and R1, R2 and R3 contain 5, 5 and 1, 6, 6 and 1, 7, 7 and 1, 4, 4 and 4, 5, 5 and 5, 8, 6 and 1, 6, 4 and 1 or 5, 3 and 1 carbon atoms respectively and experimental results are given which the properties of these sulphonates are compared with those of sulphonated alkylbenzenes of similar structure but in which R1, R2 and R3 contain 6, 6 and 6, 12, 0 and 0, 10, 1 and 0 or 9, 1 and 1 carbon atoms respectively.  Alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons of the formula above may be obtained by alkylating aromatic hydrocarbons (1) with dimerized olefines containing 6-8 carbon atoms in the molecule, the olefines being obtainable by cracking petroleum fractions, or (2) with olefines prepared by reacting a symmetrical or asymmetrical aliphatic ketone with a Grignard reagent to yield a tertiary alcohol, which is then dehydrated in known manner.  The sulphonates may be used as dispersing, emulsifying, wetting or foaming agents or textile auxiliaries or as constituents of biocidal compositions, but they are particularly useful as components of detergent compositions, which compositions may also contain sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphates, e.g. sodium pyrophosphate, tri- or tetrapolyphosphate or hexametaphosphates, sodium silicates, e.g. sodium metasilicate or alkaline or neutral sodium silicate, borax, cellulose or starch derivatives, e.g. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, oxidizing bleaching agents, e.g. persulphates, perborates or percarbonates, optical bleaching agents, e.g. that sold under the Registered Trade Mark "Tinopal SP," urea, and other surface-active substances which may be anionic, cationic or non-ionic, e.g. other alkylaryl sulphonates or alkylphenol-ethylene oxide condensation products.ALSO:As surface-active components of detergent compositions use is made of sulphonic acids or their salts derived from alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons of the formula ArC(R1)(R2)(R3), wherein Ar is an aryl radical and R1, R2 and R3 are alkyl radicals which contain a total of 8-17 carbon atoms and are such that two can be selected so that one contains not more than twice the number of carbon atoms in the other, the third containing at most the same number of carbon atoms as the larger of the other two.  Suitable sulphonates are derived from alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons of the formula above in which Ar is a phenyl radical and R1, R2 and R3 contain 5,5 and 1, 6,6 and 1, 7,7 and 1, 4,4 and 4, 5,5 and 5, 8,6 and 1, 6,4 and 1 or 5,3 and 1 carbon atoms respectively, and experimental results are given in which the properties of these sulphonates are compared with those of sulphonated alkylbenzenes of similar structure but in which R1, R2 and R3 contain 6, 6 and 6, 12,0 and 0, 10,1 and 0 or 9,1 and 1 carbon atoms respectively.  The compositions may also contain sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphates, e.g. sodium pyrophosphate, tri- or tetra-polyphosphate or hexametaphosphates, sodium silicates, e.g. sodium metasilicate or alkaline or neutral sodium silicate, borax, cellulose or starch derivatives, e.g. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, oxidizing bleaching agents, e.g. persulphates, perborates or percarbonates, optical bleaching agents, e.g. that sold under the Registered Trade Mark "Tinopal SP" urea, and other surface-active substances which may be anionic, cationic or nonionic, e.g. other alkylaryl sulphonates or alkylphenol-ethylene oxide condensation products.