baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-156461-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in finger moisteners
IPC: B43M11/02
Filed: 1920-06-02
Abstract: 156,461. Jones, G. W. June 2, 1920. Damping-appliances, hand.-A finger, stamp, or envelope moistener comprises a circular sponge 13 revoluble on trunnions 11 mounted in enclosed bearings in a water-container 1, the trunnions being carried by relatively slidable plates 4, 6, upon which the sponge is mounted. If the sponge is made of india-rubber, its resilient pressure between flanges 10 maintain the trunnions in position in the bearings, otherwise a spring is connected between the plates 4, 6 for this purpose.
Patent GB-750272-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pumping installations for dry docks
IPC: F04D9/00
Filed: 1954-05-22
Abstract: 750,272. Dry docks pumping. DRYSDALE & CO., Ltd., and YOUNG, J. July 13, 1954: [May 22, 1954], No. 15150/54. Class 68(2) [Also in Group XXVI] A pumping installation for a dry dock 1 includes a main pump 4 having a valveless discharge syphon 6, 7, 8 which rises above high-water level 14 of the tidal water 3 and of which the outlet end extends below low-water level 10 and is thereby watersealed. The pump 4 is located at the bottor of a pump-house chamber 2 and has a suction pipe 5 rising from a culvert 9 communicating with the dry dock 1, where 15 indicates the starting level of the water. The limb 7 of the syphon is above the highest anticipated tide and may be above the level of the dock gate. An air release valve 11 is connected to the syphon for breaking the syphon and is operated by oil pressure from a servo pump 12 driven from the main pump 4, the valve 11 opening by gravity if the servo oil pressure drops due to stoppage of the pump 4. An.auxiliary by-pass to the servo pump 12 may be provided so that the pump 4 may be worked without syphon assistance, if desired, for deliverying small quantities. An air exhausting pump 13 is connected to the suction side of the main pump 4.
Patent GB-544586-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture and drying of pellicular bodies
IPC: F26B21/00
Filed: 1940-10-11
Abstract: 544,586. Drying tubular bodies. HEAVEN, G. S., and HEAVEN, Z., [Representative of Heaven, H. S.]. Oct. 11, 1940, No. 15179. [Class 34 (i)] In the process for drying tubular films in which a film 16 is passed continuously through a drying chamber 11 in an inflated state between nip rollers 14, 15, before and during the inflation of a wet film, the drying atmosphere in the chamber is replaced by an atmosphere charged with steam introduced through a tube 19 to retard drying and to prevent shrinkage of the film. After inflation, the ends of the length of wet film are closed by the nip rollers and drying air is passed through the chamber between an inlet 17 and outlet 18. The uninflated wet film is drawn through the chamber on a chain or belt 20. Specifications 540,829, 544,434 and 544,585 are referred to.
Patent GB-1172056-A (GB)
Title: Pocket Lighter
IPC: B43K29/16
Filed: 1968-03-29
Abstract: 1,172,056. Lighters. GEBRUDER KOLLISCH A.G. 29 March, 1968 [13 July, 1967 (2)], No. 15180/68. Heading F4F. A gas-fuelled pocket lighter has a body 1, a flint wheel 600, a clip 20 ending in a nozzle lifter to lift the burner nozzle when the clip is pressed toward the body and a pipe stopper 7 or writing implement at the end of the lighter. A filling valve 3 for the tank 4 is accessible on removal of the stopper 7.
Patent GB-747624-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical systems of remote control
IPC: H02J13/00
Filed: 1953-06-01
Abstract: 747,624. Switching systems. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and SMART, N. C. June 2, 1954 [June 1, 1953], No. 15188/53. Class 38 (4). A system for the control and supervision of a substation circuit breaker from a distant control point comprises, at the substation, O C (1) relays -, - having, respectively, contacts, 2 2 02, C2 controlling the opening and closing coil circuits for the circuit breaker and (2) a changeover switch S actuated by the arcuate breaker and which, according as to whether the breaker is open or closed, impresses on the line L1, of a pair of lines connecting the substation and control point, a positive or negative potential from sources 1, 2, respectively. At the control point are a number of sources of potential, the connection of which to lines L1, L2 and to an indicator lamp EL are controlled by a four-position rotary control switch having contacts 20-28, and three relays. The Figure shows the control switch in its second, or " open indicate " position, wherein contacts 23-25 . are closed and a source of negative potential from a source 5 is connected to line L1 over contact 23. If this source assists that connected to the line over changeover switch S-Indicative of correspondence between the control switch position and the circuit AL breaker condition-relay - is operated and 2 its open contact AL1 prevents the lamp EL being flashed by an intermittent voltage source 9. If there is lack of correspondence, source 5 opposes that connected by switch S, AL relay - is not energized and the lamp flashes. 2 Movement of the control switch to its third position (" closed indicate "), to restore correspondence. opens contacts 23-25 and closes 26-28, thereby substituting for the source 5 a source 6 of opposite polarity to cause the relay to operate and stop flashing of the lamp. Change-over of the circuit breaker from one condition to the other is effected by moving the control switch through the other " indicator " position into one or other of its first, or fourth, positions, which are non-locking, thereby closing contacts 20-21 in addition to either the contacts 23-25, or 26-28 associated with the adjacent " indicator " position " two " or " three ". Relay OP/2 is momentarily energized over contact 22, whilst a slugged relay DA/1 is releasing, to connect the line L1 over contact OP2 and 24, or 27, to a voltage source sufficient O C to actuate the relay - or - by winding 17 or 2 2 18. The relay then locks in, over winding 16, or 19, and holding contact 01, or C1 supplied from a circuit including switch contact 20, and effects the change-over of the circuit breaker by closure of contact O2 or C2. At initiation of change-over lamp EL was continuously energized from a source 11, 12 over relay contacts AL2 and switch contact 21. On completion of change-over AL/2 responds and disconnects the lamp. The control switch may then be released and it moves to the adjacent " indicator position. The line L2 may be common to a number of similar circuits controlling several circuit breakers.
Patent GB-1508356-A (GB)
Title: Internal combustion engine with an ignition chamber
IPC: F02D41/34
Filed: 1975-04-14
Abstract: 1508356 Controlling fuel injection to IC engines DAIMLER-BENZ A G 14 April 1975 [17 April 1974] 15223/75 Heading FIB An I.C. engine comprises a main combustion chamber 8 and an ignition chamber 9 connected thereto via a passage 10 and provided with a sparkplug 11 and an electromagnetic fuel injection valve 12; a fuel supply system by which fuel is injected into the ignition chamber 9 and a fuel supply system 27-30, 32-34 by which fuel is supplied to the main combustion chamber, in which the air-fuel mixture strength is, at least for high loads, varied with load, the electromagnetic valve being energized via a switch (70), Fig. 2 (not shown) actuated by a cam (78) rotated at a speed proportional to engine speed. The distance of the switch from the cam is variable in dependence on load by way of linkage 59, arm (60) and ring (80) so that the time the switch 70 is kept closed, and therefore fuel is injected, is reduced as the engine load is increased. When the switch is moved away from the cam by clockwise rotation of ring 80, it remains closed for a greater proportion of each cam revolution. The switches 70 are in the distributer housing and are driven from the engine crank-shaft 1 which also drives an oil pump 16 to close a pressure sensitive switch 54 when the engine is in operation. Switch 54 ensures that none of the injection valves 12 is kept open when the ignition switch 50 is closed with the engine not operative. Instead of switch 54, a centrifugal switch may be used, Fig. 3 (not shown). The main chamber 8 is supplied with air-fuel mixture via induction passage 6 which is supplied with fuel by starting injection nozzle 27 and main injection nozzle 28, the latter delivering fuel continuously at a rate determined by regulator 26 responsive to air-flow rate measured by disc 23.
Patent GB-1215635-A (GB)
Title: A process for the isomerization of aliphatic hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C5/22
Filed: 1968-03-29
Abstract: 1,215,635. Hexafluoroantimonic acid. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. 13 March, 1969 [29 March, 1968], No. 15225/68. Heading C1A. [Also in Division C5] Hexafluoroantimonic acid is prepared by reacting SbCl 5  with excess liquid HF, optionally while stripping the mixture with inert gas, e.g. N 2  or gaseous HF. Preferably the liquid HF reactant is boiling and thus provides the stripping gas in situ, the reaction being continued until evolution of HC1 vapour ceases. Excess liquid HF may then be boiled off to give product acid of desired concentration. In specific preparations the final product is SbF 5 .2HF, i.e. hexafluoroantimonic acid diluted with an equimolar amount of HF.
Patent GB-541399-A (GB)
Title: Radio-echo altimeters
IPC: G01S1/02
Filed: 1940-10-16
Abstract: 541,399. Radio echo apparatus. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Oct. 16, 1940, No. 15337. Convention date, Oct. 19, 1939. [Class 37] In an altimeter using heterodyne action between direct and reflected radio signals the transmitter or receiver is rendered inoperative over portions of the transmitter period in which the frequency variation is not linear. The system shown in Fig. 1 for height-determination on aircraft comprises a modulator 1, transmitter 2, and receiver 3 having a line 4 for feeding some of the modu-' lation output directly to a blocking device 7. The modulator 1 causes a substantially uniform cyclic increase and decrease in the frequency of the transmitter 2 between predetermined limits but, as shown in the frequency-time graph, Fig. 3, the peaks where the variation in frequency changes direction are rounded and the variation is not linear. By eliminating reception of the shaded areas containing the curved sections a single beat frequency is received for a given distance. This is effected by feeding some of the modulating signal into the receiver over the line 4. Since the rate of change of the modulating signal is least during such times, the least secondary voltage is produced in a transformer 5, Fig. 4, if the transformer is of low impedance or the coupling between the windings is low. This voltage is rectified by a full-wave rectifier 6 and imposed on one of the receiver stages 8 to render the receiver stage operative during the time when the transmitter frequency is varying at a rate determined by the straight-line portion of thefrequency-time curve. If the transformer coupling is high and the input and output impedances are low compared with the transformer impedance, the secondary voltage is maximum when the primary voltage is a maximum and the rectified voltage may be used at its maximum values for blocking a receiver stage. The output of the modulator may similarly be used in conjunction with a blocking device to block a transmitter stage so that radiation only takes place during the time that there is a constant rate of change of frequency. Instead of the direct connection 4, Fig. 1, between the modulator 1 and the blocking device 7, the transmitted signal may be passed through a detector that converts frequency modulation to amplitude modulation and may be employed to operate the blocking device 7. In a modification a band pass circuit may be arranged either in the transmitter or the receiver or both so designed as to suppress all frequencies above and below the frequencies that give accurate distance indications.
Patent GB-438263-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ice-making machines
IPC: A23G9/10
Filed: 1935-05-27
Abstract: 438,263. Mixing-appliances. WOYTH, A., 4, Steinstrasse, Steglitz, Berlin. May 27, 1935, No. 15400. [Class 86] [See also Group XIII] A number of containers e for different kinds of ices are mounted in a rotatable casing B containing freezing mixture with their axes at an angle to the horizontal axis of rotation of the casing B, and are fitted with removable rotary stirrers l driven simultaneously with and independently of the casing B. The casing shaft c carries a wheel x driven by a pinion w from the shaft u of a belt driving- pulley V. Another pinion t on the driving- shaft gears with a wheel s loose on the shaft of the casing, and this wheel s gears with and drives a pinion r on a lay shaft p carried by the casing and driving the stirrers through bevel gear q, o. The material to be frozen is charged into the containers through covers g normally secured by a cross-bar k of a screw clamp h. The stirrers may be kept in motion when the casing is stationary after a period of rotation, the wheels x, w being movable out of gear by a clutch, and when desired the stirrers may be removed to permit the frozen material to be stored under the residual cooling action of the freezing mixture.
Patent GB-170042-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to oil fired steam boilers
IPC: F23C99/00
Filed: 1920-06-08
Abstract: 170,042. Baillie, R., (Reid, J.). June 8, 1920. Air supply, heating; furnace fronts.-In watertube steam-boilers adapted to be heated by liquid or solid fuel, the ash-pit spaces are provided with diaphragms or division plates c, Figs. 1 and 2, to form longitudinal channels arranged beneath the burners n. The space beneath the plates c forms an air-heating conduit from which the air passes through openings d' in the boiler casing to the hollow furnace front e and through valves f to the burners. When the furnace is to be converted from liquid to solid-fuel firing, the front plate g, which carries the Venturi tube i surrounding, the burner n, is removed and the usual fire-door opening is formed by the plates k, l and air-supply boxes o, p.
Patent GB-677795-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gas filters
IPC: C08L23/06
Filed: 1950-06-23
Abstract: A gas filter comprises a bed of shredded ribbons of solid polyethylene film of molecular weight of about 18,000 and capable of developing an electrostatic charge.  Instead of ribbons, filaments, tubes or lacerated sheets may be used.  The polyethylene may be oriented.  Specification 537,381, [Group V], is referred to.
Patent GB-733924-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mats of fibers and method for producing the same
IPC: D04H1/70
Filed: 1952-06-23
Abstract: 733,924. Forming fibre mats. OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS CORPORATION. June 23, 1952 [June 29, 1951], No. 15778/52. Classes 120(1) and 120(3). [Also in Group VIII] A method of forming a fibre mat comprises the continuous steps of attenuating streams of fusible fibre-forming material to fibres, collecting the fibres in thin layers, continuously laminating the layers to form a composite web, and folding the composite web on itself in successively displaced folds to build up a mat of a multiplicity of strata all extending in the same general direction as the major faces of the mat. As shown, fibres of glass, thermoplastic resin, or other fusible fibre-forming material, produced in hoods 20, Fig. 1, by blowers 22 acting on streams of molten material issuing from feeders 18, are collected beneath a chamber 24 in thin layers on the foraminated surfaces of two rotary suction drums 26, 27, Fig. 7. The drums are supported at one end on central driving shafts and at the other end on rollers 52, suction ducts 30, 31 leaving the drums at the latter end and leading to a blower 34 discharging into a cyclone separator 40 which vents through a chamber 46 ; fibres separated from the air stream are returned by a blower 49 through ducts 45, 50 to chamber 24. The fibre layers entrained on drums 26, 27 are laminated at the nip thereof to form a double-layer web 29 which is doffed from the drums with the aid of air jets 76. Web 29 is loaded with powdered binder, e.g. phenol formaldehyde resin in partially cured form, by means of powder dispensing troughs 80, 81 and foraminated suction drums 88, 89 ; the powder is distributed within the web by means of beaters having flexible web-engaging elements 108, e.g. of rubber. Air from drums 88, 89 passes through a cyclone separator 100, any powder separated from the air being collected for re-use in a receptacle 104. The web is then lapped transversely, by means of alternating air jets 115, 116 or by mechanical means, onto a moving flexible foraminous conveyer 110 beneath which is a suction chamber 135. Conveyer 110 is carried by a frame 127 which is angularly adjustable so that the folds of web, which form a continuous laminar mat M, are substantially horizontal. Mat M is compacted by an endless belt-like assembly of compacting rolls 158 travelling at a linear rate slightly greater than that of conveyer 110 and is carried by conveyers 180, 187 and 198, between crushing rollers 190 which break up the fibres and reduce the resiliency of the mat, to an oven 202 where the resin binder is cured. In modifications, (a) a second web, similar to web 29, is lapped on top of a mat such as M to form a compound web, (b) two webs, similar to web 29, are combined prior to beaters 108 to form a four-layer web which is lapped as previously, (c) the web is lapped longitudinally, instead of transversely, of conveyer 110.
Patent GB-1216776-A (GB)
Title: Metal casting and solidification
Inventor: GREENEWALD HERBERT JR
IPC: B22D18/06
Filed: 1968-04-02
Abstract: 1,216,776. Casting machines and processes. NORTH AMERICAN ROCKWELL CORP. 2 April, 1968 [23 June, 1967], No. 15848/68. Heading B3F. [Also in Division F4] An apparatus for producing thin-walled castings from a reactive metal, particularly aluminium and its alloys, in a vacuum or an inert atmosphere is disclosed. Metal pouring.-In Fig. 1, molten or solid metal is introduced into a crucible 19 and heated by an indirect electric arc. A thermocouple 50 is provided to determine the melt temperature. The crucible 19 is mounted to be rotatable about a horizontal axis on a bearing 24. To pour the charge, the crucible is inverted and the melt falls through an open valve 13 into a moulding chamber 12. Rotation is effected by a sprocket 27 and chain 56 powered by two hydraulic motors (61, 62). The rate of rotation for thin-walled aluminium castings should be 180 degrees per second or above. The crucible is 4 feet above the mould. Melting in the mould.-In Fig. 12, a solid metal charge is held in the top of a mould assembly 303 upon a finely woven graphite cloth 313 within crucible sides 309. Melting is effected by electrical resistance heaters 315, the temperature of the melt being determined by a thermocouple 336. When the desired temperature is reached, an operator pushes a rod 319 which breaks the graphite fabric and allows the melt to fall into the mould cavity. Moulds.-The mould 77 in Fig. 1, is made of high-density non-porous graphite mounted on a chill plate 74 with sheets of asbestos in between the mould and chill plate. Below the chillplate is mounted a water-cooling coil 75 and through the centre of the chill plate a watercooled chill-block 90 projects into the mould cavity to form a base moulding surface. The chill-block 90 also serves as an ejector for the finished casting. In Figs. 9 and 12 the moulds are formed of two halves 207, 208; 307, 308 which are bound together by glass fibre fabric 209; 310 and held in zircon sand 210; 311 in a flask 206; 306. A water-cooling chamber 205; 305 is provided below the flask. All the above moulds are provided with resistance heating elements 86; 213, 214, 215; 313, 314 and water-cooled radiation shields 89; 216, 317. Heating and cooling moulds.-Before pouring, the moulds are heated to at least 0À8 of the temperature of the melt to be cast therein. After pouring, water is passed through the mould bases 74; 205; 305 to commence cooling. In Fig. 1, the chill block 90 is also supplied with water and the mould heater 86 switched off. Upward solidification of the melt takes place. The solid cast product is preferably removed from the mould before cooling so that the cycle time of the casting operation is reduced. In Fig. 9, after pouring the mould heaters 213, 214 and 215 are switched off in that order in dependence of the three thermocouples 231, 232, 233 reaching a preset temperature below the solidification point of the casting alloy, thus ensuring upward solidification within the mould.
Patent GB-1189810-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Vehicle Doors.
IPC: B60R21/04
Filed: 1969-03-26
Abstract: 1,189,810. Vehicle doors. DAIMLER-BENZ A.G. 26 March, 1969 [26 March, 1968], No. 15875/69. Heading B7J. A vehicle door comprises inner and outer panels 1 and 2 between which are fixed profiled stiffening elements 3, and a lowerable window 8 which, together with its guiding and operating means 9 and 10, is disposed between the inner panel 1 and cladding 6 which covers the inner panel 1. The profiled elements 3, which may be in one piece extending the full length and width of the panels, are spot-welded to the inner panel 1, and may be fixed to the outer panel 2 by spot-welding, or by screws covered by a scuffing strip 4, with felt inlays 5. The cladding 6 is attached to a flange 7 which projects inwardly so as to extend all round the cladding parallel to the inner panel 1. A slit in the lower edge of the cladding fits on the flange, and the upper edge rests on the flange and is attached thereto by screws or other means. The cladding 6 which is preferably of a synthetic plastics material may be provided with a pocket 11 and arm rest 12.
Patent GB-952824-A (GB)
Title: Method of fractionation of ethyl benzene
IPC: C07C7/04
Filed: 1962-04-26
Abstract: Ethylbenzene is recovered from mixtures thereof with xylene by distillation at at least 2 p.s.i.g. in a multi-stage column at a reflux ratio of 38-350 : 1 and passing the ethylbenzene overhead through a heat-exchanger to generate steam at at least 20 p.s.i.g. The column may contain 150-500 distillation stages and is operated at up to 150 p.s.i.g.  Steam may be obtained at pressures up to 785 p.s.i.g.
Patent GB-476153-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in telescope objectives
IPC: G02B13/00
Filed: 1937-06-09
Abstract: 476,153. Lenses. ZEISS, C., [Firm of]. June 9, 1937, No. 15950. Convention date, June 24, 1936. [Class 97 (i)] A telescope objective corrected for chromatic aberration, astigmatism, and coma, consists of a convergent member facing the object, separated from a dispersive member facing the eye by an air space which does not exceed f /7 and is bounded by surfaces having radii greater than those of the corresponding external surfaces of the objective at least one of the two members being composed of at least two lenses of which two adjacent surfaces are concave towards the incident light, the sum of the powers of these two surfaces lying between 0À1/f and - 0À9 /f, f being the focal length of the objective. The axial length of the objective is at least f /12. Preferably, the sum of the powers of the said adjacent surfaces is negative and the surfaces have the same radius and are cemented together to diminish losses due to internal reflections. In addition, one of the two members may have a convergent cemented surface. In Fig. 1, the front member consists of two lenses cemented together and the rear dispersive member is a simple element. In Fig. 4, both the convergent member and the divergent member are cemented doublets. Data are given.