Patent GB-778180-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to derivation of colour television signals
Inventor: JAMES IVANHOE JOHN PENFOUND
IPC: H04N7/01
Filed: 1952-10-11
Abstract: 778,180. Television. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Sept. 29, 1953 [Oct. 11, 1952], No. 25523/52. Class 40 (3). Dot sequential (or line sequential) type colour television signals are produced from field sequential type signals by storing dot (or line) elements of the latter signals in a storage device from which the desired (dot or line sequential) signals are desired. This arrangement, which requires only one tube in the actual camera, avoids the difficulties occasioned by the bulk and the need for accurate colour registration of the three tube camera normally employed to generate signals of the dot sequential type. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 (Prov.), which is concerned with the production of signals of the dot sequential type, field sequential colour television signals which are developed across the load resistor 10 of the camera tube 2, the scanning of which occurs at the rate of 150 fields per second, are supplied to a picture reproducing device 20 via a gate circuit 11 which operates to pass signals for a duration of one picture element (dot) during the scanning (in tube 2) of the 1st, 4th and 7th &c. elements of a field of one colour and of the 2nd, 5th, 8th, &c. and 3rd, 6th, 9th, &c. elements of the fields of the other two colours respectively (for a three-colour system in which a rotating Red, Blue, Green colour filter disc 3 is employed in camera 1). In this manner a monochrome dot image the dots of which represent in cyclic order the intensity of the R, B, G components of the corresponding picture elements developed by tube 2 is built up on the screen of tube 21 during the scanning of six consecutive fields (assuming that alternate fields interlace) and this image is then analysed by means of a further picture signal generating device 30 operating at 50 fields per second to produce across load resistor 40 the desired dot sequential signals. To prevent picture elements of the same colour from falling vertically one beneath the other in successive lines the order of selecting the picture elements may be varied cyclically during a group of six consecutive fields. In a modification (Fig. 2 (Prov.)) of the arrangement of Fig. 1 the output of camera 1 in addition to being supplied to the picture reproducing device 20 via gate 11 is also supplied directly to a further picture reproducing device 201 the picture reproduced by which is analysed by a second picture signal generating device 20<SP>1</SP> operating at 50 fields per second. The highfrequency components in the output signals of device 301 are then selected by a H.P. filter 32 and combined with the output from device 30 to provide signals of the " mixed-highs " dotsequential type. In a further modification (Fig. 3 (Prov.)) the gate 11 is arranged to " open" for alternate periods equal to the duration of one and a half picture elements in the red and blue field periods of camera 1, the periods during which signals of one colour are passed being the intervals during which signals of the other colour are not passed so that picture tube 20 reconstitutes an image in dot interlaced fashion of the red and blue components of the object during three consecutive fields of camera 1. The reconstituted image is then analysed by camera 30 and the derived signals fed to a separating circuit 34 which separates the red and blue component signals, the former being supplied to a device 36 and the latter to a device 35 in which they are combined with the output of picture signal generating device 301 (similar to 301, Fig. 2) and additionally are modulated into quadrature phases of a sub-carrier wave (having a frequency of approximately 2.7 Mc/s.) supplied by a source 37. The combining action of circuits 35 and 36 is such that colour difference signals of the EB-EY and ER-EY type are produced in channels 41 and 42, respectively, and these signals together with the brightness signals (EY) derived from device 301 are then utilized to provide a signal of the EM type which is employed to modulate the transmitted carrier wave. Such a transmitted wave may be utilized by either a monochrome receiver or a colour receiver. In a modification of Fig. 3 (Prov.) the separating circuit 34 is controlled by pulses produced either: (1) by arranging that gate 11 supplies signals to picture tube 20 for a duration of one element (instead of one and a half) so that every third element comprises a constant amplitude signal having the form of a blacker than-black impulse; or (2) by applying signals of constant amplitude exceeding that of the maximum amplitude of the red and blue signals to the cathode of tube 20 during the scanning by camera 1 of green fields. Signals derived from camera 30 and representative of these constantamplitude signals are then separated from the blue and red picture element signals and delayed by respective durations of one and two picture elements. The delayed signals are then employed to control the gating of the blue and red signals to devices 35 and 36 respectively. These signals may also be employed to control the linearity of scanning camera 30 by comparing them with pulses generated at a standard rate. Specifications 516,630, [Group XL], 714,154 and 778,179 are referred to.