Patent GB-498742-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of artificial leather
IPC: D06N3/00
Filed: 1937-06-08
Abstract: Artificial leather is produced from vinyl polymerizates by passing the plastic mass through a heated goffering calender, one roller of which is hard and carries the desired grain while the other is smooth and of the same or similar hard material.  The materials comprise polymerizates such as polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, derivatives of polyacrylic or polymethacrylic acids, polyvinyl ethers, acetals, or acetate acetals, polyvinyl alcohol and its organic acid esters, and mixed polymerizates.  When using polyvinyl chloride it is desirable to make the parent materials strongly alkaline to ensure sharp outlines in the graining, and a plasticizer is preferably used containing a mixture of softeners in which those without gelatinizing properties are at least as many and preferably more than those with gelatinizing properties. In an example, the polymerizate is treated with a methanol solution of an alkali and dried to produce an alkali content of 0,3 to 0,4 per cent and is mixed with 50 to 52 per cent of a mixture of phosphoric acid esters of phenols, cresols, and xylenols, the whole being mixed with 50 per cent of chestnut brown, rolled into a sheet at 130 DEG  C., and passed through iron rollers heated to 140 DEG  C., one of which is patterned to resemble pigskin. To produce a sharper grain, the polymerizate may be gelatinized with phthalic acid dibutyl ester or benzenesulphonic acid-methylamide and butyl oleate and the mass calendered at 150 DEG  C.  The artificial leather may be used for coach bodies, handbags, cameras, &c.ALSO:Artificial leather is produced from vinyl polymerizates by passing the plastic mass through a heated goffering calender one roller of which is hard and carries the desired grain while the other is smooth and of the same or similar hard material.  The material comprises polymerizates such as polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, derivatives of polyacrylic or polymethacrylic acids, polyvinyl ethers, acetals, or acetate acetals, polyvinyl alcohol and its organic acid esters, and mixed polymerizates.  When using polyvinyl chloride it is desirable to make the parent materials strongly alkaline to ensure sharp outlines in the graining and a plasticizer is preferably used containing a mixture of softeners in which those without gelatinizing properties are at least as many and preferably more than those with gelatinizing properties. In an example the polymerizate is treated with a methanol solution of an alkali and dried to produce an alkali content of 0,3 to 0,4 per cent and is mixed with 50 to 52 per cent of a mixture of phosphoric acid esters of phenols, cresols, and xylenols, the whole being mixed with 50 per cent of chestnut brown, rolled into a sheet at a temperature of 130 DEG  C., and passed through iron rollers heated to 140 DEG  C. one of which is patterned to resemble pigskin.  To produce a sharper grain, the polymerizate may be gelatinized with phthalic acid dibutyl ester or benzenesulphonic acid-methylamide and butyl oleate and the mass calendered at 150 DEG  C.  The artificial leather may be used for coach-building, handbags, cameras, &c.