baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FR-2554430-B1 (FR)
Inventor: SUDERMANN ALAIN
IPC: B66B9/06
Filed: 1983-11-04
Granted: 1986-01-17
Abstract: 1. A material hoist consisting of a guiding mast (1) equipped with one or more knuckle joints (2), of a movable carriage (3) guided on the mast (1) and driven in displacement by a drive unit (4) connected to the carriage (3) by means of a cable (8), characterised in that the mast (1) is provided at its terminal end with a crosspiece (5) equipped with a loose pulley (6) subject to the action of springs, in that said mast (1) is equipped at its other end with a crosspiece (5) of the same type, in that the lifting cable (8) is arranged in a loop passing through the pulleys (6) of said crosspieces (5), and the ends of which are connected to the movable carriage (3), which comprises two attachment points (9, 10), said cable (8) being driven by a winch (7), disposed at any point of the mast (1), and which may be of the wedging-friction type.
Patent FR-2580545-B1 (FR)
Inventor: BIT CLAUDE
IPC: B29C49/64
Filed: 1985-04-17
Granted: 1987-09-11
Abstract: 1. Method for the reinforcement of the neck of a plastics bottle obtained by shaping a preform, in which, prior to the shaping operation, a mandrel (30) is introduced into the mouth of the preform, said mouth and the mandrel which it grips are positioned in a heating means (41) having about the whole of the neck a continuous heating surface at a homogeneous temperature and, while thermally insulating said nexk from the adjacent zone of the preform, the assembly is held in said heating means for a sufficient time, preferably just sufficient, so that, taking into account the temperature which prevails therein, complete or substantially complete crystallization of the neck (14) is obtained, characterized in that ; - the mandrel and the neck of the preform fast therewith are then removed from the heating means ; - said neck held on the mandrel is cooled so that the operations are carried out with the neck positioned on the mandrel ; and - only then is the preform removed form the mandrel.
Patent FR-2658532-B1 (FR)
Inventor: DANIEL DESBIENDRAS
IPC: C23G5/028
Filed: 1990-02-20
Granted: 1992-05-15
Abstract: To replace 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (F113) in its applications to the cleaning and drying of solid surfaces, the invention propose to employ a (perfluoroalkyl) ethylene of formula: RfCH=CH2 in which Rf denotes a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl radical containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms. In contrast to F113, (perfluoroalkyl)ethylenes are not liable to degrade stratospheric ozone.
Patent FR-2674886-B1 (FR)
Inventor: DANIEL MILANI
IPC: E04D3/40
Filed: 1991-04-03
Granted: 1995-10-06
Abstract: Coping system for a wall (3), comprising, on the one hand, a plurality of supports (1,2) intended to be fixed flat to the top (3a) of the said wall, each support consisting of two support parts (1,2) located opposite each other, each comprising, in cross-section, a first arm (1a,2a) intended to be fixed flat to one edge (3b,3c), and a second arm (1b,2b) inclined downwards and intended to be placed at a distance from a face (3d,3e) of the wall, and, on the other hand, a plurality of consecutive covering elements (5), which are substantially flat and comprise, on either side of a plate (5a), two borders (5b,5c) which are bent down and intended to be fitted onto the said supports, characterised in that, for a same plurality of consecutive covering elements (5) and for each edge (3b,3c) of the wall, the support parts arranged along the direction in which the wall runs meet along a single same support strip (2), comprising a section forming a groove (1c,2c), and, correspondingly, each covering element has two borders (5b,5c) the height of which is limited so as to form a rim which is designed to penetrate into the said groove.
Patent FR-2695326-B1 (FR)
Inventor: FREUND JEAN-PIERRE
IPC: F01N3/28
Filed: 1992-09-08
Granted: 1994-12-02
Abstract: Device for mixing and vortexing fluid gases and liquids, in particular for so-called motor vehicle catalysts, which is made up of a plurality of superimposed sheet metal slabs which have turbulence-generating formations. The sheet metal slabs have bridge formations arranged in rows running transversely to the flow direction of the fluid media and have channel formations arranged between the bridge formations, which channel formations are arranged in such a way that the channel bottoms of the channel formations in a first row are in one plane with the bridge covers of the bridge formations in a second row and continue thus in rows in alternating sequence. Open ends are provided at the bridge formations and at the channel formations. The superimposed sheet metal slabs are arranged, in relation to the bridge formations and in relation to the channel formations, in plan view to be congruent and/or offset, but spaced by spacer sheet metal strips.
Patent FR-2697683-B1 (FR)
Inventor: BARRE ALBERT
IPC: H01R12/55
Filed: 1992-11-04
Granted: 1995-01-06
Abstract: - According to the invention, the said contacts (3) project from the face of the said supports which carry them and the said electrical connection device includes: - an insulating flexible blade (14) fitted with at least two sets (15) of studs protruding from the said blade and electrically connected together, the said sets of studs being respectively arranged in a similar manner to the sets of contacts of the said supports; - pressure means capable of pressing the said flexible blade (14) against the said insulating supports (1,2), so that each contact intended for connecting each of the said supports is brought into contact with a corresponding protruding stud on the said flexible blade; and - a shell (case) (4) making it possible to hold together the said insulating supports, the said flexible blade (14) and the said pressure means.
Patent FR-2694700-B1 (FR)
Inventor: EDWARDS STUART D
IPC: A61B18/14
Filed: 1993-02-23
Granted: 1995-06-09
Abstract: A medical probe device comprises a catheter (48) having a stylet guide housing (50) with one or more stylet ports (140) in a side wall thereof and a stylet guide (16) for directing a flexible stylet (17) outward through the stylet port and through intervening tissue at a preselected adjustable angle to a target tissue. The total catheter assembly includes a stylet guide lumen (61) communicating with the stylet port and a stylet positioned in said stylet guide lumen for longitudinal movement from the port through intervening tissue to a target tissue. The stylet can be an electrical conductor enclosed within a non-conductive layer (60), the electrical conductor being a radiofrequency electrode.
Patent FR-2708012-B1 (FR)
Inventor: CAILLIAU JOEL J
IPC: E01B9/14
Filed: 1993-07-23
Granted: 1995-10-20
Abstract: A device for anchoring a resilient rail clip in a sleeper (T), including an externally threaded insert member (1) screwed into an internally threaded socket member (2) built into the sleeper (T), and being characterised in that said socket member (2) is provided with a helical member (20) secured to the outer side surface thereof.
Patent FR-2717897-B1 (FR)
Inventor: ZIELINSKA BARBARA
IPC: G01F1/32
Filed: 1994-03-23
Granted: 1996-06-07
Abstract: A vortex flowmeter (1) including a fluid flow duct (2) having a maximum internal diameter (D) and consisting of an inner profile section with, in the downstream direction, a first portion (4) gradually reducing the internal diameter of the duct to a value (D1) and having an inner wall (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) at a continuously variable angle to the general fluid flow direction, a second portion (6) having a constant diameter (D1) and containing at least one obstruction (8) for generating oscillating fluid vortices, and a third duct portion (20) in which the internal diameter of said duct (2) returns to its starting value (D), and which causes fluid flow boundary layer separation at a downstream end (6a) of said second duct portion (6); as well as an assembly (10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 200-221) for sensing a vortex oscillation signal and deducing the fluid volume or flow rate therefrom.
Patent FR-2734005-B1 (FR)
Inventor: FUERTES PATRICK
IPC: C08B31/16
Filed: 1995-05-12
Granted: 1997-07-18
Abstract: The compsn. for bonding paper or card contains a cationic polysaccharide esterified by a dicarboxylic acid anhydride substd. with a branched, (un)satd. C chain. Further materials are also claimed.
Patent FR-2753461-B1 (FR)
Inventor: BERENGER DANIEL
IPC: D06N3/00
Filed: 1996-09-19
Granted: 1998-10-30
Abstract: In this novel process a flat plastic composite (1) is manufactured, as e.g. floor covering. It includes durable textile sheet (2) made of threads or fibres, e.g. of glass. Layer(s) (3) of plastic e.g. a polyvinyl chloride, are applied to either side, impregnating it. A solution of the plastic in volatile organic medium is applied, this includes plasticiser(s). This plastisol is coated onto the sheet (2) as one or more, liquid or pasty layers (6). Gas (5) burned in contact with a porous structure forming a radiant heater (4a), eliminates the volatile organic fraction, setting the plastisol. The novel feature is combustion in catalytic regime, with no visible flame. Also claimed is corresponding plant to make the composite plastic structure. This includes coating equipment for the plastisol and an oven (9) with conveyor (8), which set the plastic. Catalytic radiant heaters (10) are included, with ducts (7) circulating air cocurrently.
Patent FR-2760470-B1 (FR)
Inventor: ANDRIEUX CLAUDE P
IPC: D01F11/16
Filed: 1997-03-07
Granted: 1999-04-16
Abstract: The invention concerns a process for electrochemically producing a carbonaceous material with its surface modified by organic groups, in particular functionalized organic groups. The process comprises providing a solution, in a protic or aprotic solvent, comprising a salt of a carboxylate of an organic residue capable of undergoing a Kolbe reaction. The solution is then put in contact with a carbonaceous material, wherein the carbonaceous material is positively polarized with respect to a cathode that is also in contact with the solution. The solution may optionally contain an electrolyte. The invention also concerns carbonaceous materials modified at the surface with arylmethyl groups and the use of these modified materials, for example, in the production of composite materials.
Patent FR-2767486-B1 (FR)
Inventor: COUDERC BERNARD
IPC: A63C10/10
Filed: 1997-08-22
Granted: 1999-10-22
Abstract: The clamp, comprising a base (1), a plate, a disc and a retaining member (4), incorporates a guide for the plate to move relative to the base, made in the form of a slot in the plate to receive a stop projecting from the base, with both the slot and stop aligned parallel to the lengthwise direction of the boot clamp. The boot clamp consists of a base, plate, disc and retaining screw, the base having a rear thrust member for the boot, and the base a retaining member (4). It has at least one guide for the plate relative to the base in the form of a slot (33) and stop with a slider to hold the plate constantly against the base. The stop can be made from an injection-molded plastic material, and the plate and retaining member made in one piece from a metal such as aluminum alloy.
Patent FR-2781379-B1 (FR)
Inventor: CAMUS MICHEL
IPC: A61F2/958
Filed: 1998-07-22
Granted: 2000-10-06
Abstract: The balloon catheter has a tube (2) with an envelope (4) and a sleeve (6A) at its distal end. The sleeve resists radial forces from the balloon acting on its internal face. A stop (7) limits the longitudinal end position of the sleeve.
Patent FR-2797958-B1 (FR)
IPC: G05B23/02
Filed: 1999-08-31
Granted: 2001-10-26
Abstract: A simulator fitted with at least one microprocessor sends input simulation signals to a unit under test, and receives therefrom output signals in reaction thereto. The method consists in processing some of the output signals from the unit as they are issued by means of a programmable logic circuit, in storing parameter values corresponding to said processed signals, and in giving the microprocessor access to the stored parameter values at a frequency which is compatible with its own operating speed. The apparatus enables the method to be implemented. The simulator comprises at least one programmable logic circuit, e.g. of the FPGA type, that is suitable for receiving at least some of the signals output by the electronic unit.
Patent HU-227996-B1 (HU)
Title: Von willebrand factor (vwf) cleaving protease polypeptide, nucleic acid encoding the polypeptide and use of polypeptide
Inventor: LAEMMLE BERNHARD
IPC: A61K38/00
Filed: 2001-11-20
Abstract: The invention relates to vWF cleaving entities having a molecular weight of 180 kD, 170 kD, 160 kD, 120 kD or 110 kD and an N-terminal amino acid sequence of AAGGILHLELLV, vWF cleaving complexes and methods for their production.
Patent HU-227721-B1 (HU)
Title: Display device for cyclorama
Inventor: HOLAKOVSZKY LASZLO
IPC: G02B27/00
Filed: 2008-08-18
Abstract: The invention is binocular panoramic picture display device that contains a single film strip not made endless. It includes a cylindrical film drum (2) into the inside of which the two film ends (V1, V2) beside each other are inserted and fastened there; a first and a second film wind-off rollers (7a, 7b) that are arranged close to the film drum (2) and each other; as well as a film strip (1) elongation loop between the two central display windows (7c, 7e) with one or more extension loop rollers (7d).
Patent HU-221630-B1 (HU)
Title: Arylidene-1-azacycloalkane and aryl-alkyl-1-azacycloalkane derivatives their salts, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and their preparation
Inventor: DR BUDZINSKI
IPC: A61K31/42
Filed: 1993-10-21
Abstract: The invention relates to arylidene-1-azacycloalkanes and arylalkyl-1-azacycloalkanes of the general formula <IMAGE>  in which n, m, p, A, W<1>, W<2>, X, Y and R<1> to R<11> are defined as in Claim 1, their isomers and isomer mixtures and their salts, which have useful properties and in particular exert an inhibitory action on cholesterol biosynthesis.
Patent HU-220962-B1 (HU)
Title: Optically active enantiomer of 5-[3-(exo-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl-oxy)-4-methoxy-phenyl]-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2(1h)-one and intermediers
Inventor: SACCOMANO NICHOLAS A
IPC: A61K31/513
Filed: 1989-11-13
Abstract: A mammalian pancreatic lipase mediated transesterification method for the optical resolution of endo-norborneol.
Patent HU-221906-B1 (HU)
Inventor: BEWICK-SONNTAG CHRISTOPHER PHI
IPC: A61F13/15
Filed: 1997-06-17
Abstract: A találmány tárgya eldobható abszorbens cikk, amely a következőelemeket tartalmazza: – egy folyadékáteresztő fedőréteget, egyabszorbens magot és egy lélegző hátlapot, az abszorbens mag afolyadékáteresztő fedőréteg és a lélegző hátlap között helyezkedik el,a folyadékáteresztő fedőréteg, az abszorbens mag és a lélegző hátlapmindegyike legalább egy réteget tartalmaz, oly módon, hogy afolyadékáteresztő fedőréteg folyadék-visszatartása kisebb, mint 0,22 g2,0 g terhelés mellett mérve a fedőréteg folyadék-visszatartásivizsgálattal, ahol az abszorbens mag vastagsága kisebb, mint 12 mm éspáraáteresztő képessége legalább 200 g/m2/24 óra páraáteresztésivizsgálattal mérve, és a lélegző hátlap folyadékáteresztő képességekisebb, mint 0,16 g 15 ml-es terhelés mellett mérve afolyadékáteresztőképesség-- vizsgálattal, és a folyadékáteresztőfedőréteg, az abszorbens mag és a lélegző hátlap úgy vannak egymáshozerősítve, hogy az abszorbens cikk szárazsági indexe nagyobb, mint 0,5,és érzékelési indexe nagyobb, mint 50. ŕ
Patent HU-226148-B1 (HU)
Title: Method for preparing 2-hydroxy 4-methylthio butyric acid using a nitrilase
Inventor: DAVID CHRISTOPHE
IPC: C12N15/09
Filed: 1997-10-24
Abstract: Production of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid (I) and/or its ammonium salt (Ia) from 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyronitrile (II) comprises contacting (II) with an immobilised material having nitrilase (III) activity to generate (Ia), optionally converting this to free acid, and concentrating the product. Also new are: (1) an aqueous solution containing (I) and (Ia) at weight ratio (I)/[(I)+(Ia)] of 5-99.9, preferably 10-50,%; (2) a device for the process, as above, comprising reaction chambers containing immobilised (III) or host cells expressing (III), optionally an electrodialysis unit and a means of concentrating the final product; and (3) the plasmid pRPA-BCAT3 (CBS 998-96).
Patent WO-03011295-B1 (WO)
Inventor: MILLA FREDERICO JUNQUERA
IPC: A61P37/08
Filed: 2002-07-29
Abstract: The present invention provides a novel fexofenadine hydrochloride polymorph. The polymorph is particularly useful as a medicament for use as an antihistamine, antiallergy agent or bronchodilator.
Patent JP-3017213-B1 (JP)
Title: Ｆｉｆｏメモリ監視装置
IPC: G06F5/06
Filed: 1999-02-03
Granted: 2000-03-06
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  ＦＩＦＯメモリの規模を拡大することなく、 ＦＩＦＯメモリの故障監視と位相監視を行うことができ るＦＩＦＯメモリ監視装置を提供する。
【解決手段】  ＦＩＦＯメモリ１０に書き込む主信号デ ータのＣＲＣデータを演算し、このＣＲＣ演算結果２０ とデータの先頭を指示するデータ先頭指示ビット２１を 多重部１９で多重してから、次のフレームデータの先頭 に同期させて書き込む。読み出し側では書き込み側から 指示されたタイミングと装置内ＦＰ２８を基準に、読み 出しデータから蓄積多重データ３１を読み出して分離部 ２５で分離する。分離された蓄積ＣＲＣ演算結果３２ は、読み出しデータから演算されたＣＲＣデータと比較 してＦＩＦＯメモリの故障監視を行う。分離された蓄積 データ先頭指示ビット３３は、読出カウンタ回路２４で 生成された先頭指示信号４０と比較し、書込カウンタ回 路１５と読出カウンタ回路２４の位相監視を行う。
Patent JP-2872989-B1 (JP)
Title: 車両の操向装置
IPC: B62K21/18
Filed: 1998-02-24
Granted: 1999-03-24
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】車両のステアリング軸の上端にハンドルの連結 パイプを強固に固定し、しかも組み立て作業時の作業工 数も少なくすることを課題とする。
【解決手段】前輪を支持するフロントフォークに固定さ れたステアリング軸１にハンドル部の連結パイプ２２が 嵌合連結されてなるハンドルにおいて、前記連結パイプ ２２に径方向の貫通孔２３が設けられ、前記ステアリン グ軸１に径方向のねじ挿通孔１２と、このねじ挿通孔１ ２の一端部に位置して前記ねじ挿通孔１２に直交する平 面状の座面１３とが形成され、ねじ体３０が前記ねじ挿 通孔１２を通って前記ねじ孔２４にねじ込まれ、ねじ体 ３０の頭部３０ａに連接されたカラー部３１が前記座面 １３に圧接されてなる。
Patent NL-1021526-B1 (NL)
Title: Straalpijpring voor een vliegtuigmotor.
Inventor: NICHOLAS GIACOMO ROBERT COLOSIMO
IPC: F02K1/82
Filed: 2002-09-24
Granted: 2017-02-15
Abstract: Een straalpijpring voor de uitlaatpluim van de motor van een vliegtuig, welke straalpijpring gevormd is uit een flexibel materiaal dat aan één uiteinde bevestigd is aan het uitlaatmondstuk en dat zich selectief stroomafwaarts langs de uitlaatpluim kan uitstrekken om deze te omgeven en af te schermen, waardoor de infrarood/radar/geluidsemissie van de motor van het vliegtuig wordt gereduceerd.
Patent NL-2014889-B1 (NL)
Title: Luchtverversingssysteem voor een gebouw, warmte-geïsoleerd kanaal alsmede gebruik daarvan en gebouw voorzien daarvan.
Inventor: PETRUS ANTONIUS MARIA DE BRUIJN
IPC: F24F13/02
Filed: 2015-05-29
Granted: 2017-01-31
Abstract: De onderhavige uitvinding heeft betrekking op een kanaal geschikt voor toepassing in een luchtverversingssysteem, waarbij het kanaal is vervaardigd uit warmteisolerend schuim van een polymeermengseL De uitvinding heeft ook betrekking op een luchtverversingssysteem voor een gebouw, omvattende een warmtewisselaar waarop zijn aangesloten: een luchtafvoerstelsel voor het aan de warmtewisselaar toevoeren van uit het gebouw afkomstige, oude lucht; een luchtuitblaaskanaal voor het vanaf de warmtewisselaar naar buiten afvoeren van de oude lucht; een luchtinnamekanaal voor het aan de warmtewisselaar toevoeren van buiten ingenomen verse lucht; een luchttoevoerstelsel voor het vanaf de warmtewisselaar aan het gebouw toevoeren van de verse lucht; waarbij de warmtewisselaar is ingericht voor het uitwisselen van warmte tussen de oude lucht en verse lucht; waarbij althans het binnen het gebouw verlopende deel van het luchtuitblaaskanaal en/of luchtinnamekanaal zijn vervaardigd uit warmteisolerend schuim van een polymeermengseL Tevens heeft de uitvinding betrekking op een uit warmte-isolerend polymeerschuim vervaardigd kanaal als luchtinnamekanaal en/of luchtuitblaaskanaal bij een luchtverversingssysteem van een gebouw voor het innemen respectievelijk uitblazen van relatief, ten opzichte van het inwendige van het gebouw, koude lucht.
Patent NL-2016146-B1 (NL)
Title: Eliminator voor het detecteren en verwijderen van producten, zoals groenten en fruit, verenkelaar en sorteersysteem voorzien daarvan, en werkwijze daarvoor.
Inventor: WILHELM JAN NIJLAND
IPC: B07C5/02
Filed: 2016-01-25
Granted: 2017-07-31
Abstract: De vinding betreft een eliminator voor het detecteren en verwijderen van producten, zoals groenten en fruit, met een overmaat en/of ongewenste producteigenschappen, alsmede een verenkelaar met sorteersysteem voorzien daarvan en werkwijze daardoor. De eliminator omvat: - een aanvoersysteem voor het aanvoeren van producten; - een detector ingericht voor het bepalen van afmetingen en/of producteigenschappen van een product uit de aangevoerde producten; - een werkzaam met de detector verbonden regelaar ingericht voor het op basis van bepaalde afmetingen en/of producteigenschappen van het product bepalen of het product geschikt is voor verwerking op een sorteerinrichting; en - een werkzaam met de regelaar verbonden verwijderaar voor het scheiden van producten niet geschikt voor verwerking op de sorteerinrichting van producten wel geschikt voor verwerking op de sorteerinrichting.
Patent NL-2016559-B1 (NL)
Title: Pallet-afdeksysteem, pallet-wisselsysteem omvattende een dergelijk systeem, en werkwijze voor het verplaatsen van goederen.
Inventor: HENDRIK MEIJER
IPC: B65G1/00
Filed: 2016-04-06
Granted: 2017-10-17
Abstract: De onderhavige uitvinding betreft een pallet-afdeksysteem, pallet-wisselsysteem voorzien daarvan, en werkwijze voor het wisselen van een drager. Het pallet-afdeksysteem volgens de vinding omvat: - een gestel; - een beweegbaar in het gestel opgenomen afdekplaat; en - een aandrijving ingericht voor het tussen een ten minste gedeeltelijk in hoofdzaak verticale positie van de afdekplaat in het gestel en een in hoofdzaak horizontale positie van de afdekplaat op of boven een drager bewegen van de afdekplaat, waarbij de afdekplaat is voorzien van twee of meer onderling door een aantal transitie-elementen verbonden plaatdelen geconfigureerd voor het geleidelijk wisselen tussen de ten minste gedeeltelijk verticale positie en de in hoofdzaak horizontale positie van de afdekplaat.
Patent NL-2016763-B1 (NL)
Title: A multi-part, manifold and method of making the manifold
Inventor: MICHAEL T LANDRUM
IPC: F16L41/03
Filed: 2016-05-12
Granted: 2017-08-04
Abstract: A manifold is provided. The manifold includes: a first body having an outer surface; a second body having an inner surface corresponding to the outer surface of the first body and the first body is micro-welded to the second body; and a groove formed in one or both of the outer and inner surfaces, wherein the first body is dimensioned to fit within the second body so that the outer surface contacts the inner surface and the groove forms a fluid passage located between the first and second bodies, the fluid passage having an inlet and an outlet. Also in some embodiments a method of forming a manifold is provided. The method includes: filling a die with powdered metal having grains; compressing the powdered metal in the die thereby forming a first body; removing the compressed part from the die; contacting the first body to a second body subjecting the bodies to heat; and forming micro­-weld between grains of metal between the two bodies.
Patent NL-2017479-B1 (NL)
Title: Insulated glazing with integrated blinds
Inventor: ENGEL ADRIANUS VAN KAMPEN
IPC: G02B26/08
Filed: 2016-09-16
Granted: 2018-03-22
Abstract: The invention relates to insulated glazing with integrated blinds. Such glazing panels comprise a first body covered by a first low-e coating, and a second body covered by a second low-e coating. A plurality of strips is hingedly arranged between the first and second bodies. By applying a voltage between the low-e coatings, that act as electrodes, the strips can be oriented relative to the bodies to change the translucence and/or color of the panel. The use of the low-e coatings allows a simple connection from the outside to the electrodes in the airtight cavity.