Patent GB-858663-A (GB)
Title: Wax compositions, synthetic waxes and a process for their manufacture
IPC: C09G1/08
Filed: 1957-02-11
Abstract: The invention comprises esters prepared by reacting one or more aliphatic and/or aromatic trito hexa-carboxylic acids or esterifying derivatives such as anhydrides thereof with one or more partially etherified, at least trihydric, alcohols or esterifying derivatives thereof such as chlorhydrins, in which at least one hydroxyl group is etherified with an alkyl group containing 12 to 20 carbon atoms but which contain at least two free hydroxyl groups. Excess alcohol or excess acid may be used. Unesterified carboxyl groups may be completely or partially neutralised by organic or inorganic bases.  The acids may contain substituents, e.g. keto, hydroxy, amino or nitrilo groups.  Free hydroxyl groups in the ether in excess of two may be esterified with acids containing less than three carboxyl groups, e.g. wax acids, paraffin oxidation acids or dicarboxylic acids containing at least 2 carbon atoms between the carboxyl groups.  The products, which are oily, fatty or wax-like, may be incorporated in wax compositions (see Group III).  In examples esters are prepared from: (1) the octadecyl ether of butane-1,2,4-triol and butane tetracarboxylic anhydride; (2) a C16 fatty alcohol ether of glycerine and tetra-b -carboxyethyl-cyclohexanone; (3) a C18 fatty alcohol ether of glycerine and aconitic acid; (4) a cetyl ether of glycerine and citric acid; (5) a C18 fatty alcohol ether of glycerine and citric acid, the product being converted to the calcium salt and (6) a C18 fatty alcohol ether of glycerine and citric acid the product being converted to a triethanolamine salt.ALSO:The invention comprises esters prepared by reacting one or more aliphatic and/or aromatic trito hexa-carboxylic acids or esterifying derivatives such as anhydrides thereof with one or more partially etherified, at least trihydric, alcohols or esterifying derivatives thereof such as chlorhydrins, in which at least one hydroxyl group is etherified with an alkyl group containing 12 to 20 carbon atoms but which contain at least two free hydroxyl groups.  Excess alcohol or excess acid may be used. Unesterified carboxyl groups may be completely or partially neutralised by organic or inorganic bases.  The acids may contain substituents, e.g. keto, hydroxy, amino or nitrilo groups.  Free hydroxyl groups in the ether in excess of two may be esterified with acids containing less than three carboxyl groups, e.g. wax acids, paraffin oxidation acids or dicarboxylic acids containing at least 2 carbon atoms between the carboxyl groups.  The products, which are oily, fatty or wax-like, may be incorporated in wax compositions (see Group III).  In examples esters are prepared from: (1) the octadecyl ether of butane-1, 2, 4-triol and butane tetracarboxylic anhydride; (2) a C16 fatty alcohol ether of glycerine and tetra-b -carboxyethyl-cyclohexanone; (3) a C18 fatty alcohol ether of glycerine and aconitic acid; (4) a cetyl ether of glycerine and citric acid; (5) a C18 fatty alcohol ether of glycerine and citric acid, the product being converted to the calcium salt and (6) a C18 fatty alcohol ether of glycerine and citric acid, the product being converted to a triethanolamine salt. The starting material ether of Example (1) is prepared by the reaction of the triol and octadecyl chloride and the glycerine ethers of the other Examples by the reaction of the appropriate sodium alcoholate and glycerine monochlorhydrin.ALSO:Polishing compositions comprise one or more waxes and additionally as an essential ingredient an ester which is derived from one or more aliphatic and/or aromatic trito hexa-carboxylic acids and one or more partially etherified, at least trihydric, alcohols, in which at least one hydroxyl group is etherified with a C12-C20 alkyl group but which contains at least two free hydroxyl groups.  Free carboxyl groups in the product may be partially or completely neutralised with inorganic or organic bases. The acids may contain substituents, e.g. keto, hydroxy, amino or nitrilo groups.  Hydroxy groups in the ether in excess of two may be esterified with acids containing less than three carboxyl groups, e.g. wax acids, paraffin oxidation acids or dicarboxylic acids containing at least 2 carbon atoms between the carboxyl groups.  In examples, esters of the above type are mixed with waxes to give polishing compositions and with nigrosine and waxes to give a shoe cream.