Patent GB-823755-A (GB)
Title: Unsaturated polyester resin compositions and process for preparing the same
IPC: C08G63/54
Filed: 1957-07-05
Abstract: Unsaturated polyester compositions comprise: (i) a polymerizable compound containing a CH2 = C< group; and (ii) an unsaturated polyester derived from (a) a polyhydric alcohol, (b) an a -b ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, and (c) an acid having the formula <FORM:0823755/IV (a)/1> where R and R1 are alkyl groups containing 1-4 C atoms and n is 1 or 2, and where the a ,b -ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids are at least 20% by weight of the total weight of polycarboxylic acids present. Polyhydric alcohols (a) specified are ethylene-, diethylene-, propylene- and di-propylene-glycols, butane diols -1,2, -1,3 and -1,4, pentane diols -1,5 and -1,6, hexane diol -1,6, glycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, pinacol, arabitol, xylitol, adonitol and mannitol.  a ,b -Ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acids (b) specified are maleic, fumaric, aconitic and itaconic.  Acids falling under the formula (c) are listed at length, the following being used in examples: 4,41 - (2,2 - butylidene) -, 4,41 - (3,3 - pentylidene) -, and 4,41 - (isopropylidene) - dibenzoic acids, and the dimethyl ester of 4,41-(1,1,2,2-tetramethyl ethylene) dibenzoic acid.  These acids may be prepared by oxidizing the appropriate ditolyl alkanes as in Specification 822,188.  Other polycarboxylic acids which may be used as well include phthalic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, sebacic, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic, tricarballylic, citric, tartaric and malic.  Inhibitors may be used in the preparation of the polyester, e.g. hydroquinone, benzaldehyde, ascorbic acid, resorcinol, tannin, sym di (b -naphthyl)-p-phenylene diamine, phenolic resins or sulphur compounds. Polymerizable vinyl compounds (i) include styrene, a -methyl styrene, a -chlorostyrene, a -ethylstyrene, o-methylstyrene, p-ethylstyrene, m-propylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, 2,5-diethylstyrene, bromostyrene, chlorostyrene, dichlorostyrene; allyl-alcohol, acetate, methacrylate, lactate, a -hydroxyisobutyrate, trichlorosilane, acrylate, gluconate, methyl gluconate; diallyl-phthalate, carbonate, malonate, oxalate, adipate, sebacate, citraconate, muconate, itaconate, chlorophthalate, dichlorosilane, endomethylene-tetrahydrophthalate, tetrachloro-endomethylene tetrahydrophthalate; triallyl-tricarballylate, aconitate, cyanurate, citrate, phosphate; methallyl alcohol, tetrachlorodiallyl phthalate, tetrallyl silane, tetraallyl silicate, hexallyl disiloxane, ethyl or butyl acrylates, methyl or butyl methacrylate, ethyl a -chloroacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, a -chloro acrylonitrile, vinylidene cyanide, vinyl butyl ether, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate.  Catalysts specified for the subsequent polymerization are benzoyl, phthalic, succinic, benzoyl-acetic, coconut oil acid, lauric, stearic and oleic peroxides; tertiary butyl hydroperoxide, ascaridole, cobalt linoleate and naphthenate, p-toluene sulphonic acid, aluminium chloride, stannic chloride and boron trifluoride. Promoters which may be used with the catalysts include n-alkyl (C6-16), sec. hexyl, tert. hexyl and tert. octyl mercaptans; and di alkyl (C1-4) anilines.  Other materials which may be present include a -cellulose pulp, asbestos fibres, cotton flock, chopped cloth cuttings, glass fibres, wood flour, mica dust, sand, clay, diatomaceous earth, shellac, ester gums, cellulose esters and ethers, urea-aldehyde resins, melamine - aldehyde resins, phenol - aldehyde resins, methyl phenyl polysiloxane resins, alkyd resins, rubber, synthetic rubber, and U.V. light absorbers, e.g. 2-hydroxy-, 4-methoxy-, 2-hydroxy-4-ethoxy-, or 2,21-dihydroxy-4,41-di-methoxy-benzophenones.  In Example (6) the polyester is prepared from the esters of the various acids, and in Example (7) a mixture of o-, m- and p-methyl styrenes is used. Uses.-Lamines.  Coating.  Adhesives.  Pot ting.  It is also stated that if the acids of the formula be nuclearly halogenated the resultant polyester is fire-retardant.