Patent GB-485641-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of varnishes, enamels, plastic compositions and the like
IPC: F04B9/12
Filed: 1936-08-17
Abstract: Brilliancy-imparting additions to varnishes, enamels, polishes, shoe pastes, putties and other plastic compositions, &c. consist of compounds of polybasic carboxylic acids, or their derivatives containing free carboxyl groups, with metals " capable of forming pigments. "  Zinc, lead and titanium are specified as suitable metals, and the compounds may be added to the compositions, or may be formed therein.  As polybasic carboxylic acid derivatives containing free carboxyl groups, may be used the acid esters of the carboxylic acids with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, and, in the latter case, the excess of hydroxyl groups may also be combined with monobasic acids.  Alkyl radicals and amino groups may be introduced into the compounds.  The varnishes, plastic compositions &c. may contain oils, fats, waxes, natural and synthetic resins, fatty alcohols, cellulose esters and ethers, albuminous materials, dyestuffs, pigments, metal powders, swelling, wetting and emulsifying agents, driers, hardening agents, fillers, softeners, solvents and diluents.  According to examples; (1) oil-soluble brilliancy-imparting compounds are formed by first esterifying linoleic, oleo-stearic, ricinoleic, oleic, stearic, palmitic, lauric or other fatty acid with butylene glycol, ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dodecandiol, octadecandiol, or other glycol, then heating the ester with citric acid to obtain an acid poly-ester and then adding thereto zinc oxide, or mixing the poly-ester with a plastic composition containing zinc oxide.  Instead of citric acid there may be used sebacic, adipic, maleic, succinic, tartaric, aconitic, phthalic, pyrogallic or other polybasic acid or its anhydride or substitution product, and instead of zinc oxide there may be used metallic zinc, zinc salts capable of reaction, lead, titanium or other pigment-forming metals or derivatives; (2) an acid poly-ester is prepared by reacting mono-linoleic-glycerol ester with a dibasic or a tribasic carboxylic acid; (3) 1 mol. of oleic alcohol or other fatty or wax-like alcohol is esterified with 1 mol. of a polybasic acid; (4) acid poly-esters are obtained by esterifying ethylene glycol with a dibasic or a tribasic carboxylic acid; (5) 1 mol. of glycerol is esterified with 2 to 3 mols. of a dibasic, or with 2 mols. of a tribasic carboxylic acid to form an acid poly-ester; (6) 1 mol. of colophonic acid or the equivalent of natural colophony is esterified with 1 mol. of glycol, and the esterification is then continued with 1 mol. of a polybasic acid; (7) a poly-alcohol, such as cellulose or sugar, is acylated with polybasic acids, their anhydrides or acid chlorides, and the products are reacted with " metals capable of forming pigments " to produce brilliancy-imparting agents for cellulose esters and ethers; (8) resinified acid polyesters, produced from polyhydric alcohols and an excess of polybasic acids, are reacted with pigment-forming metals. The polybasic acids may be partly replaced by fatty acids, and the polyhydric alcohols by fatty alcohols; (9) a dibasic or polybasic acid is melted with zinc oxide or other compound, or with lead, titanium or their derivatives, and the ground product is added to a plastic composition; (10) a high-brilliancy white enamel is prepared by adding a dry mixture of zinc white, titanium oxide and citric acid to boiled oil, grinding, and then adding naphtha and a cobalt drier; (11) a lustrous white enamel is prepared by mixing boiled linseed oil with a brilliancy-imparting agent obtained according to example 1, 2, 3, 8 or 9, and adding zinc white and titanium white; (12) a highly lustrous weatherproof paint contains white lead, linseed oil, naphtha, a drier, and a brilliancy-imparting ester; (13) a lustrous oil primer is made by mixing boiled linseed oil, varnish substitute, high-flash naphtha, lithopone, zinc oxide, light spar, a drier, and citric acid; (14) a floor varnish of high brilliancy contains " Albertol " (Registered Trade Mark) IIIL boiled linseed oil, boiled tung oil, lead, cobalt, and manganese salts of colophonic acid, liquid cobalt drier, high-flash naphtha, zinc oxide, floor paint, light spar, and a brilliancy-imparting compound of this invention; (15) and (16) a fatty oil containing free fatty acids is heated under reflux with butylene glycol or other polyhydric alcohol until the fatty acids are esterified, and the product is then heated with citric or other polybasic acid to obtain an acid poly-ester, which may be mixed with boiled oil, high-flash naphtha and zinc white to form a white enamel, or may be added to plastic compositions.ALSO:Brilliancy-imparting additions to varnishes, enamels, polishes, shoe pastes, putties and other plastic compositions, &c., consist of compounds of polybasic carboxylic acids, or their derivatives containing free carboxyl groups, with metals " capable of forming pigments."  Zinc, lead and titanium are specified as suitable metals, and the compounds may be added to the compositions, or may be formed therein.  As polybasic carboxylic acid derivatives containing free carboxyl groups, may be used the acid esters of the carboxylic acids with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, and, in the latter case, the excess of hydroxyl groups may also be combined with monobasic acids.  Alkyl radicals and amino groups may be introduced into the compounds.  The varnishes, plastic compositions &c. may contain oils, fats, waxes, natural and synthetic resins, fatty alcohols, cellulose esters and ethers, albuminous materials, dyestuffs, pigments, metal powders, swelling, wetting and emulsifying agents, driers, hardening agents, fillers, softeners, solvents and diluents.  According to examples: (1) oil-soluble brilliancy-imparting compounds are formed by first esterifying linoleic, oleo-stearic, ricinoleic, oleic, stearic, palmitic, lauric or other fatty acid with butylene glycol, ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol dodecandiol, octadecandiol or other glycol, then heating the ester with citric acid to obtain an acid poly-ester and then adding thereto zinc-oxide, or mixing the poly-ester with a plastic composition containing zinc oxide.  Instead of citric acid there may be used sebacic, adipic, maleic, succinic, tartaric, aconitic, phthalic, pyrogallic or other polybasic acid or its anhydride or substitution product, and instead of zinc oxide there may be used metallic zinc, zinc salts capable of reaction, lead, titanium or other pigment-forming metals or derivatives; (2) an acid poly-ester is prepared by reacting mono-linoleic-glycerol ester with a dibasic or a tribasic carboxylic acid; (3) 1 mol. of oleic alcohol or other fatty or wax-like alcohol is esterified with 1 mol. of a polybasic acid; (4) acid poly-esters are obtained by esterifying ethylene glycol with a dibasic or a tribasic carboxylic acid; (5) 1 mol. of glycerol is esterified with 2 to 3 mols. of a dibasic, or with 2 mols. of a tri basic carboxylic acid to form an acid poly-ester; (6) 1 mol. of colophonic acid or the equivalent of natural colophony is esterified with 1 mol. of glycol, and the esterification is then continued with 1 mol. of a polybasic acid; (7) a polyalcohol, such as cellulose or sugar, is acylated with polybasic acids, their anhydrides or acid chlorides and the products are reacted with " metals capable of forming pigments," to produce brilliancy-imparting agents for cellulose esters and ethers; (8) resinified acid polyesters, produced from polyhydric alcohols and an excess of polybasic acids, are reacted with pigment-forming metals. The polybasic acids may be partly replaced by fatty acids, and the polyhydric alcohols by fatty alcohols; (9) a dibasic or polybasic acid is melted with zinc oxide or other compound, or with lead, titanium or their derivatives, and the ground product is added to a plastic composition; (10) a high-brilliancy white enamel is prepared by adding a dry mixture of zinc white, titanium oxide and citric acid to boiled oil, grinding, and then adding naphtha and a cobalt drier; (11) a lustrous white enamel is prepared by mixing boiled linseed oil with a brilliancy-imparting agent obtained according to example 1, 2, 3, 8 or 9, and adding zinc white and titanium white; (12) a highly lustrous weatherproof paint contains white lead, linseed oil, naphtha, a drier, and a brilliancy-imparting ester; (13) a lustrous oil primer is made by mixing boiled linseed oil, varnish substitute, high-flash naphtha, lithopone, zinc oxide, light spar, a drier, and citric acid; (14) a floor varnish of high brilliancy contains " Albertol " (Registered Trade Mark) 111 L, boiled linseed oil, boiled tung oil, lead, cobalt, and manganese salts of colophonic acid, liquid cobalt drier, high flash naphtha, zinc oxide, floor paint, light spar, and a brilliancy-imparting compound of this invention; (15) and (16) a fatty oil containing free fatty acids is heated under reflux with butylene glycol or other polyhydric alcohol until the fatty acids are esterified, and the product is then heated with citric or other polybasic acid to obtain an acid poly-ester, which may be mixed with boiled oil, high-flash naphtha and zinc white to form a white enamel, or may be added to plastic compositions.ALSO:Brilliancy-imparting additions to varnishes, enamels, polishes, shoe pastes, putties, and other plastic compositions, &c. consist of compounds of polybasic carboxylic acids, or their derivatives containing free carboxyl groups, with metals "capable of forming pigments."  Zinc, lead and titanium are specified as suitable metals, and the compounds may be added to the compositions, or may be formed therein.  As polybasic carboxylic acid derivatives containing free carboxyl groups, may be used and the acid esters of the carboxylic acids with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, and, in the latter case, the excess of hydroxyl groups may also be combi