baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-460138-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of iron
IPC: C21B5/04
Filed: 1935-04-17
Abstract: In the production of pig iron in a blast furnace, the ores and fluxing media are mixed in such proportions as to form slags of relatively low melting point and in which the ratio of lime to silica is decreased progressively below the usual limits of 1,65 to 1,25 as the alumina content of the slag formed increases upwards from 15 per cent.  For example with a slag containing 20 per cent of alumina, the ratio of lime to silica is from 1,125 to 0,85 and for a slag containing 30 per cent of alumina, the ratio is from 0,95 to 0,75. The molten metal tapped from the furnace into a ladle or another inactive receptacle is treated for the removal of sulphur and/or oxides slags or gases.  The smelting is carried out in the furnace to produce a low silicon iron, and a high sulphur content.  To remove the sulphur &c., the hydrogen gas or a gas containing a considerable quantity of hydrogen is bubbled through the molten iron, or a desulphurizing agent such as alkali, e.g. in the form of soda ash, is added to the iron, the alkali being preferably placed in the ladle &c. before the iron is run in.  The ladle may also be preheated and provided with a cover to conserve the heat during the desulphurization.  After the addition of alkali, the slag is thickened by the addition of lime so that it can be skimmed off or water is added to the molten slag which is decomposed by the steam formed, and certain of the products of the reaction volatilized leaving the metal clean and ready for pouring.  The desulphurization may be assisted by agitation of the metal in the ladle during its travel from the furnace to the steel plant or by blowing gases through the molten metal.  Before the desulphurization as described above, especially when the original charge contains manganese, the metal from the furnace is poured into a hot container and allowed to stand, any manganese sulphide forming being removed before the iron is refined further. The atmosphere above the metal may be converted into an oxidizing one, to accelerate the desulphurization.  In carrying out the smelting, the furnace is burdened with ores irrespective of their manganese content and the manganese required, if any, to attain the desired specification is added to the desulphurized iron in the ladle &c. in the form of manganese alloys or otherwise, e.g. ferromanganese or spiegel.  The iron produced may be converted into steel, e.g. by the basic Bessemer or Thomas process. Specification 454,562 is referred to.
Patent GB-345528-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to sparking plugs
IPC: H01T13/32
Filed: 1930-04-15
Abstract: 345,528. Sparking-plugs. SCHIPPER, A., 8, Kurf³rstenstrasse, Elberfeld, Germany. April 15, 1930, No. 11941. Convention date, Jan. 15. [Class 7 (iv).] The central stem d is slidable and rotatable within a member c threaded into the insulation b. The member c has a spherical seating for a valve e on the stem, and passages f through which petrol may be passed, the valve being protected by the inner end of the insulator between which and the stem c only a small space is left. The sparking terminal i is secured by a U-shaped piece i<1> to the end of the movable stem, and presents a conical surface to the stationary terminals k. A gauze g rests on the bevelled upper end of the block c. Pins p co-operating with a transverse pin q limit the rotation of the stem. Gastightness is ensured by a spring r secured by and serving as a lock for the wing-nut t. This last member may however be replaced by a sleeve the upper end of which is formed as a cam engaging a cross pin on the stem d. An operating arm projects from the sleeve, and several of these arms may be connected for joint actuation.
Patent GB-1407929-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for continuously measuring the surface temperature of moving webs
IPC: G01K13/06
Filed: 1973-03-13
Abstract: 1407929 Drying webs AGFA-GEVAERT AG 13 March 1973 [14 March 1972] 11948/73 Heading F4G [Also in Division C1] Apparatus for determining the temperature of a web 1 as it is moved by a wheel 2 past a drying device 3 comprises a radiation pyrometer 5 arranged in the rim of the wheel. The radiation pyrometer 5 and an electrical resistance thermometer 6, which is also arranged on the rim of the wheel for sensing the temperature of drying air blown from nozzles 4, are electrically connected to an amplifier 7 which, by way of slip rings 8, supplies signals to a recorder 10. In operation, the pyrometer 5 and resistance thermometer 6 are calibrated at a calibration station 12 comprising a copper tube which is maintained at a predetermined temperature and covered with material similar to web 1 and then the recorder 10 operates to draw graphs indicating the temperature sensed by the sensors 5, 6 during rotation of the wheel 2.
Patent GB-844663-A (GB)
Title: Mechanical stay
IPC: A47F5/04
Filed: 1958-04-15
Abstract: 844,663. Rods jammed between opposed surfaces. ENGEL, W. H. April 14, 1959 [April 15, 1958], No. 11963/58. Class 20(1) An aluminium rod comprises an inner tube 1 telescoping in an outer tube 2 and containing a compression spring 4 attached to an ear 3 of the inner tube 1 and threaded past a pin 5 in the outer tube 2. The amount of compression of the rod can be adjusted by rotating the tubes to vary the position of the spring 4 relative to the pin 5. Rubber plugs 6 or spiked or serrated ends provide a grip. Applications to bookshelf supports and shop displays are mentioned.
Patent GB-1019501-A (GB)
Title: Method of inhibiting the growth of weeds
IPC: C05C9/00
Filed: 1964-01-01
Abstract: 3-Methyl phenyl 4-nitro phenyl ether is prepared by reacting m-cresol with p-nitro chlorobenzene in alkali.  It is used as herbicide (see Division A5).ALSO:The growth of weeds or algae in a crop area containing seeds of growing plants which yield a vendible crop is prevented by applying to the crop area before emergence of the crop plants 3-methylphenyl 4-nitrophenylether.  The herbicide may be in the form of emulsifiable concentrates, emulsions, wettable powders, aqueous dispersions, dusts containing silicates and wood flours as carriers, and aqueous solutions containing auxiliary solvents, e.g. acetone or dioxane.  Water immiscible solvents used to prepare emulsions are xylene, naphthas, pine oil or oleic acid ester and may give water-in-oil emulsions.  Granules may be made with fertilisers e.g. urea, nitrates, sulphates or phosphates granular clays, vermiculite, charcoal, ground corn cobs or bran. The composition may contain non-ionic surface active agents, e.g. polyether condensates or an ionic surface active agents, e.g. alkyl aryl or alkyl sulphates or sulphonates.
Patent GB-1080068-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to balance spring collets for watches
IPC: G04B17/34
Filed: 1966-03-18
Abstract: 1,080,068. Watches. VIROLA S. A. March 18, 1966 [March 19, 1965; April 23, 1965], No. 12100/66. Heading G3T. [Also in Division F2] A process for making a balance spring collet assembly comprises the steps of positioning the balance spring 1, filling the space defined by the first one and a half coils of the spring with a liquid, metal adhering, plastics material, allowing the plastics material to set to form the collet 3 having the shape of the coils, and securing the collet on a balance staff. Pins 4 locate the spring centrally on a work plate 2 and an opening is formed in the collet by moulding the collet around a pin 5, which is subsequently removed. The collet is made of Aralotite, (Registered Trade Mark) acetate resin or acrylic resin and may contain metallic powders or be surface metallized to render it electrically conductive. The collet is light in weight compared with the spring, but if necessary, a balancing hole may be formed in the collet. Instead of fixing the collet directly on the balance staff, a tightening canon (10), Fig. 4 (not shown), made of polyethylene or nylon may be inserted in the collet. When the balance staff is introduced into the central hole of the canon, the canon expands radially, thereby gripping the collet. A plastics washer (8), Fig. 5 (not shown), may be glued or force fitted to one end of the canon, or washers (7, 8) Fig. 8 (not shown) may be fitted at both ends of the canon, thereby enclosing the collet. Alternatively, a washer (11), Fig. 9 (not shown), may be formed integrally at one end of the canon and a further washer (7), Fig. 10 (not shown), may be attached to the other end of the canon. The purposes of the washers are firstly to stabilize the spring and secondly to adjust the position of the spring on the balance staff, however, the latter may be effected by forming a shoulder (9a), Fig. 7 (not shown), on the balance staff (9).
Patent GB-742547-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating greases
IPC: C10M169/00
Filed: 1953-05-01
Abstract: A lubricating grease comprises a mineral lubricating oil thickened with an inorganic colloidal oxygen-containing gelling agent, and a polyvalent metal sulphide in an amount less than that of the gelling agent.  Gelling agents referred to are silica, alumina, magnesia and lime, and clays, such as onium clays prepared for example from Wyoming bentonite or hectonite and dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide, dodecyl ammonium acetate, triphenyl lauryl phosphonium bromide, didodecylethyl sulphonium bromide, or decyltriphenyl arsonium bromide.  The gelling agent may be in aerogel form and methods of obtaining aerogels are described.  Sulphides specified are zinc, copper, tungsten, chromium molybdenum, mercury, tellurium, iron, cobalt, nickel, thorium, zirconium, cadmium, manganese and vanadium sulphides. Mineral oils referred to are residual oils such as bright stocks which may be with or without synthetic oils, for example phosphorus esters such as trioctyl phosphate, tricreysl phosphate and dihexylbenzene phosphonate, and organic silicates such as tetrahydrocarbyl silicates, for example tetraoctyl silicate and triphenyl octyl silicate.  Surface-active agents, for example a condensation product of epichlorhydrin and ammonia wherein one third of the amino groups has been reacted with a fatty acid having at least 12 carbon atoms, may also be present in the greases.
Patent GB-439928-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spring seat constructions
IPC: B60N2/70
Filed: 1935-04-23
Abstract: 439,928. Spring upholstery. MARSHALL, W., Detroit, and BRIGGS MANUFACTURING CO., 11631, Mack Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. April 23, 1935, No. 12194. [Class 52 (iv)] The ends of bent wire springs 14 forming a seating surface are held in spaced relation along a border wire 18 by wire spacing members 24 with cranked insets 25 between successive springs and secured by clips 26.
Patent GB-1055705-A (GB)
Title: Magnetic core memory matrix,and method of wiring such matrices
IPC: G11C7/02
Filed: 1965-03-23
Abstract: 1,055,705. Circuits employing bi-stable magnetic elements. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. March 23, 1965 [April 6, 1964], No. 12203/65. Heading H3B. In a magnetic core memory matrix, each of a set of wires threads the cores forming part of a first respective row and also threads the cores forming the remaining part of a second respective row displaced with respect to the first row by two core spacings in the columnar direction. As shown in Fig. 1, a matrix is traversed by X drive lines 3-3d and sense lines 4a-4j, the Y drive lines 2a-2d and 5a-5d, being displaced between the second and third rows, constituting the set of wires. In Fig. 4 (not shown) a matrix is threaded by conventional X and Y drive lines and the sense line comprises the set of wires. A method of wiring the matrix is described. In both embodiments the sense winding is in two halves and the arrangement is such that equal half select noise signals are induced in each half of the sense winding.
Patent GB-923360-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulic driving devices for clamping jaws of wheel turning lathes
IPC: B23B31/30
Filed: 1961-04-05
Abstract: 923,360. Drivers and carriers. MASCHINENFABRIK DEUTSCHLAND A.G. April 5, 1961 [June 3, 1960], No. 12220/61. Class 83 (3). A work-driver for a wheel turning lathe comprises a faceplate 1 having an axially and radially movable driving dog 4. An hydraulic piston 6, Fig. 1, secured to face plate 1, is supplied with hydraulic pressure through a conduit 7, which moves a cylinder 5 radially, so that a 45 degrees bevel on the cylinder engages a similar bevel on dog 4, thus moving the latter axially against a spring 10. When cylinder 5 reaches the end of the bore, it moves holder 2 radially outwardly against spring 11, so that dog 4 clamps the wheel. In a modification, Fig. 2, an intermediate member 15 is guided in a groove 14 in cylinder 5, and engages a wedge 13, and the bevelled end of dog 4 thus increasing the mechanical advantage to 2 to 1. Specification 923,359 is referred to.
Patent GB-1357290-A (GB)
Title: Diffusion into semiconductor material
IPC: H01L21/22
Filed: 1972-03-16
Abstract: 1357290 Treatment of semi-conductors INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 16 March 1972 [14 April 1971] 12232/72 Heading H1K Boron or phosphorus is diffused into silicon wafers heated to between 900 and 1200‹ C., preferably 1050‹ C., from an inert atmosphere into which water vapour and a source of the dopant, e.g. BBr 3  or POCl 3 , are separately added. The diffusion is carried out in a conventional open tube apparatus, the doping level and depth in the silicon wafers being controlled by the partial pressures of water and the dopant source in the inert carrier gas, e.g. of argon. During the diffusion of boron a borosilicate glass layer, soluble in HF, forms on the silicon surface.
Patent GB-219756-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ball castors for trucks or such like vehicles
IPC: B60B33/08
Filed: 1923-05-08
Abstract: 219,756. Keathery, W., and Keathery, J. R. May 8, 1923. Castors.-A ball castor for trucks &c. comprises a large ball d bearing on a ring of smaller balls c running in an annular steel race b' let into the body of the castor. A lubricating channel G is arranged as shown. The lower end of the castor bodv is furnished with a felt washer e and a ball-retaining cap f.
Patent GB-345847-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to clips for securing articles of dress and for other similar purposes
IPC: A44B6/00
Filed: 1930-04-22
Abstract: 345,847. Clips. MORTON, T., Woodlea, Oxford Road, Moseley, Birmingham. April 22, 1930, No. 12320. [Class 44.] A clip comprises a rigid member a and a spring tongue c. The member a is made of sheet metal and is formed either of curved cross section or with a flange extending along the jaws and around the closed end. The tongue c, which may be corrugated, is secured by folding one end over a thickened end of the member a. A projection f may be pressed out to facilitate manipulation. Specification 12094/13, [Class 44, Fastenings, Lock &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-569630-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hay, grass or crop loaders
IPC: A01D87/06
Filed: 1943-07-29
Abstract: 569,630. Crop loaders. BAMFORD, C. J., and BAMFORD, B. V. July 29, 1943, No. 12321.. [Class 78 (i)] A crop loader mounted on wheels 11, 24 has an inclined trough 12 in which are disposed lifting-rakes 17 furnished with tines 18 and given a rotary motion by means of cranks 16 on shafts 13, 14. The lower shaft 13 is driven from the road wheels 11 or from a tractor takeoff shaft or from an independent power unit mounted on the loader. Cross-ribs 19 prevent slipping back of the crop. At the bottom of the trough 12 is located rotary means for picking up the crop from the ground and depositing it in the trough. The means consists of a shaft 26 coupled by a chain 27 to the shaft 13 and fitted with two spiders 28 to the outer ends of which are journalled rake-bars 29 furnished with tines 30. The tines are given a sweeping motion by cranks 35 fixed to the bars 29 and carrying roller-pins running in a cam groove 32. Alternatively a fixed sun-pinion disposed about the shaft 26 engages planet pinions on the bars 29, and in a third form the cranks 35 have their pins rocking in the extremities of a parallel spider mounted eccentrically of the shaft 26. This gives the tines a constant parallel configuration if the two spiders are of equal size, and a slight rocking motion if of unequal size. In each form the cam, sun-wheel or spider is adjustable about its axis through a small angle. Strippers 37 surround the lower traverse of the tines 30, and the height of the pick-up means above the ground is adjustable by a screw 25 on the upright castor spindle of the ground wheels 24. A cover may be provided over the pick-up device. Change-speed gear or other means may be furnished to alter the relative speeds of the lifting-rakes and the pick-up device.
Patent GB-1017424-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the conditioning, for further utilisation, of an iron oxide vapour which is formed during oxygen steelmaking
Inventor: RIST DESMOND
IPC: C21B13/00
Filed: 1963-03-28
Abstract: A material for use in the production of iron and steel comprises a granular carrier to which is adhered the reddish brown iron oxide produced in oxygen steelmaking to provide a coating on the granular carrier.  The granular carrier is preferably produced or used in the production of iron and steel, e.g. limestone, iron ore, open hearth slag, flue dust, magnetically recovered ferrous ballast.  At least some particles of the granular carrier may be below 25 mesh (B.S.S.). The material is produced by intimately mixing the reddish brown oxide and granular material in the presence of water to provide a coating of the oxide on the granular particles.
Patent GB-727487-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in press-button electric switches
Inventor: SAXON-SNELL MAURICE
IPC: H01H13/28
Filed: 1952-05-15
Abstract: 727,487.. Press-button retractive switches. DOWTY EQUIPMENT, Ltd. May 14, 1953 [May 15, 1952], No. 12338/52. Class 38 (5). The two-part switch body 10, 11 carries four terminal posts 27 .. 30 each carrying concentric conducting and insulating rings 36, 35 which are spaced axially along the posts. A plunger 16 urged upwards by a spring 24 loosely carries bridging contacts 38, 39 which slide along the rings 36, 35 on axial movement of the plunger, thereby bridging pairs of the posts. The contacts 38, 39 are pressed inwards against the posts by blade springs 41 acting either through balls 40 or directly on extensions of the contacts. The plunger is located in its axial positions by spring pressed balls 47 which engage recesses 44, 45 in a sleeve 43 surrounding fixing bolts 12. The body is sealed by a gasket 14 between the parts 10, 11, by a washer 26 around the plunger, and by a moulding 49.
Patent GB-196188-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to inductance coil holders for wireless telegraphy or other purposes
IPC: H01F27/00
Filed: 1922-05-03
Abstract: 196,188. Knight, A. W. May 3, 1922. Inductances. - An inductance-coil holder consists of two 'half-cylinders a, b of insulating material which are pressed apart by springs c, d so as to grip the inside of the coil. One of the half-cylinders is fastened by a pin e to an insulating-strip f which may be attached to a vertical rotatable pillar. Two or more holders may be mounted on a base, the coupling between the coils being varied by rotating the pillars. The Provisional Specification describes a holder consisting of a solid cylinder attached to an insulating strip by a pin which is eccentric with the axis of the cylinder. The cylinder can rotate stiffly about the pin, the coil being held on the cylinder and wedged in position by a projection on the insulating strip.
Patent GB-674143-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lubricating compositions, methods of making the same and to methods of preparing alkylated polystyrene for use in the improved lubricatingcompositions
Filed: 1949-05-10
Abstract: Polystyrene of molecular weight 150,000 to 1,000,000 is alkylated by alkyl halides, e.g. butyl, lauryl, or stearyl chlorides or octyl bromide, olefines with straight chains from high molecular weight paraffins, e.g. isobutylene or octene, or with branched chains from the polymerization of propylene or butylene, unsaturated esters, e.g. methyl oleate, or unsaturated alcohol esters of saturated carboxylic acids, to introduce groups having an average of 4 to 16 carbon atoms per styrene unit.  A Friedel-Crafts catalyst, e.g. hydrogen, aluminium or zinc chlorides hydrogen fluoride or boron trifluoride is used and the alkylating agent added gradually to the polystyrene in solution in, for example, ethylene dichloride, nitrobenzene, dichlorobenzene, carbon tetrachloride, monochlorobenzene chloroform, carbon di-sulphide, and chlorobenzene, washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, precipitated by ethyl alcohol, and purified by dissolving in benzene and reprecipitating. Lubricating compositions are prepared by mixing a petroleum fraction, oil or grease, with the alkylated polystrene directly or in solution in e.g. ethylene or methylene dichloride, petroleum ether, benzene, or toluene, to which thickening agents such as soaps, e.g. calcium, sodium, aluminium or lead stearates or oleates, or other animal, vegetable or rosin acid soaps, antioxidants, extreme pressure additives, or graphite, may be added.  Specifications 503,755 and 640,566 are referred to.ALSO:Lubricating oil compositions are prepared by mixing a petroleum hydrocarbon fraction oil or grease with polystyrene of MW 150,000 to 1,000,000 alkylated by the introduction of groups having an average of 4 to 16 carbon atoms per styrene unit.  The alkylated polystyrene may be mixed with the petroleum fraction directly or in a solution in ethylene or methylene dichloride, petroleum ether, benzene or toluene.  Soaps, e.g. calcium, sodium, aluminium, or lead stearates or oleates, or mixed animal, vegetable or rosin acid soaps, antioxidants high pressure additives or graphite may also be included.  Specifications 503,755, [Group IV], and 640,566 are referred to.
Patent GB-643674-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in closure caps for bottles, jars and like containers
IPC: B65D41/04
Filed: 1947-05-08
Abstract: 643,674. Shaping paper and like material. KEITH-PEABODY, Inc. May 8, 1947, No. 12458. Convention date, May 9, 1946. [Class 100 (ii)] [Also in Group XVII] A closure cap for a bottle &c. is made on a roll mandrel by winding a first layer of thin non-metallic material, such as paper, on the mandrel, embossing a groove in the material to form a thread at the inner side of the cap, applying additional layers of non-metallic material over the first layer and individually embossing the successive layers by pressing the material thereof into the embossed groove of the preceding layer. As shown, a single lining ply 6 is wound on a roll mandrel 2 and liner disc 3, and a thread rib 7 and an annular rib 8 are embossed therein by the action of a complementary forming roll. An additional strip 2 is coiled outside lining 6, grooves 10 and 11 being impressed in each convolution as wound. The layers may be secured together with a thermo-setting resin. The upper edge of lining 6 is flanged over at 14 to secure disc 3, and further unembossed laminations 15 are applied. A top disc 16, e.g. of cardboard, a decorating strip 17, and a top decoration 19 are added, and the lower edge of lining 6 is flanged over at 20 to complete the cap, which can then be unscrewed from roll R.
Patent GB-247797-A (GB)
Title: Adjustable end thrusts for elevator shafts
IPC: B66D1/14
Filed: 1925-05-14
Abstract: 247,797. Bostick, H. H., Johnson, W. M., and Seybold, E. May 14, 1925. Channels in thrust bearings.-In gearing for the brake-wheel shafts of elevators wear on the shoulders of the worm-wheel shafts and between the pinion 4 and the drum and neutral gears 1, 2 is taken up by an adjustable thrust bearing. The bearing housing 11, bolted to the gear casing 3, holds a disc 20 and felt washer 21 in position and forms a lubricant reservoir. The bronze thrust disc 18 has curved grooves 25, Fig. 5, for the lubricant.