Patent EA-001378-B1 (EA)
Title: Smelting installation with an electric-arc furnace
Inventor: FUCHS GERHARD
IPC: F27B3/18
Filed: 1997-08-22
Abstract: 1. A smelting unit having an arc furnace (1) which includes a furnace vessel (3) comprising a lower vessel portion (5) and an upper vessel portion (6) and a vessel cover (4) comprising first and second cover portions (7 and 8) of which the first cover portion (7) includes at least one electrode opening (14), the second cover portion (8) includes a shaft (9) fixed in a holding arrangement (21), with a closable charging opening and a gas passage opening (32) in the upper region of the shaft (9), for preheating feed material which is to be charged into the furnace vessel, in addition the holding arrangement (21) and the vessel (3) are displaceable horizontally relative to each other, characterised in that in a shaft in which in a vertical projection a part of the internal contour of the shaft cross-section is outside the internal contour of the upper edge of the lower vessel portion the upper vessel portion (6) in the region beneath the shaft (9) and/or the rear shaft wall (35) as viewed from the electrode openings (14) has a wall sector (42, 42a, 58, 59, 60, 61) converging towards the vessel centre (11). 2. A smelting unit according to claim 1 characterised in that the first and second cover portions (7 and 8) are in the form of units which are separated from each other by a cover gap (38) and which are displaceable horizontally relative to the vessel (3) independently of each other. 3. A smelting unit according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the first cover portion (7) can be raised/lowered and pivoted out to the side by a cover lifting and pivoting arrangement. 4. A smelting unit according to claim 3 characterised in that an electrode lifting and pivoting arrangement (16) can be pivoted out jointly with the cover lifting and pivoting arrangement (17). 5. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the second cover portion (8) can be raised/lowered jointly with the shaft (9) in the holding arrangement (21) and the holding arrangement (21) is horizontally displaceable. 6. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the holding arrangement (21) is displaceable perpendicularly to the cover gap (38). 7. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterised in that means for sealing off the cover gap (38) are provided at least at one of the two mutually adjoining edges (45, 46) of the first and second cover portions (7 and 8). 8. A smelting unit according to claim 7 characterised in that provided at one (46) of the two mutually adjoining edges (45, 46) of the first and second cover portions (7 and 8) is a groove (52) which extends along the edge and provided at the other (45) of said edges (45, 46) is a strip portion (51) which extends along the edge and which engages with clearance into the groove (52) when the cover is closed. 9. A smelting unit according to claim 7 or claim 8 characterised in that arranged at least at one (46) of the mutually adjoining edges (45, 46) of the first and second cover portions (7 and 8) is a duct (48) which extends along the edge, with at least one nozzle opening (50) which faces towards the cover gap (38) and through which a sealing gas can be blown into the cover gap (38). 10. A smelting unit according to claim 9 characterised in that there is provided a slit-shaped nozzle opening (50) which extends along the edge. 11. A smelting unit according to claim 9 characterised in that there is provided a row of holes extending along the edge (46) as the nozzle opening. 12. A smelting unit according to one of claims 2 to 11 characterised in that the shaft wall (35) which is the rear shaft wall as viewed from the electrode openings (14) has a wall sector (58, 59, 60, 61) which converges towards the upper edge of the lower vessel portion (5). 13. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 12 characterised in that the first cover portion (7) is, in plan view, in the form of an oval delimited by a chord (18, 18a) and the contour of the lower edge of the shaft wall (34) which is the front shaft wall as viewed from the electrode openings (14) is adapted to the contour of the chord (18, 18a). 14. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 13 characterised in that the profile of the lower edge of the shaft wall (35) which is the rear shaft wall as viewed from the electrode openings and the adjoining lateral side walls (36, 37) corresponds in the region of the second cover portion (8) to the profile of the upper edge (39) of the vessel. 15. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 14 characterised in that the cross-sectional profile is rectangular in the upper portion of the shaft (9) and the profile of the shaft wall (35) which is the rear shaft wall as viewed from the electrode openings (14) and the adjoining lateral shaft walls (36, 37) converge downwardly by way of an oval profile to the round profile of the upper edge of the lower vessel portion (5) or the upper vessel portion (6). 16. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 14 characterised in that the cross-sectional profile is rectangular in the upper portion of the shaft (9) and the profile of the shaft wall (35) which is the rear shaft wall as viewed from the electrode openings (14) and the adjoining lateral shaft walls (36, 37) converges downwardly by way of a polygonal profile to the round profile of the upper edge of the lower vessel portion (5) or the upper vessel portion (6). 17. A smelting unit according to claim 16 characterised in that the polygonal profile is a profile following a trapezoidal line. 18. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 17 characterised in that the shaft wall (34) which is the front shaft wall as viewed from the electrode openings (14) converges extending in parallel relationship to the rear shaft wall (35). 19. A smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 18 characterised in that in its lower region the shaft (9) has retaining members (54, 55) for the feed material to be heated, which retaining members are movable from a closed position in which the passage therethrough for gas is possible but is blocked for charging material, into a release position in which the retaining members also release the passage of the feed material through the shaft (9). 20. A smelting unit according to claim 19 characterised in that the retaining members (54, 55) include fingers (54) which are arranged parallel and at a spacing relative to each other and which are mounted in rotary mountings (56) and which are pivotable downwardly from a closed position in which inner portions of the fingers (54) project into the interior of the shaft to block the passage of charging material therethrough, into a release position in which said portions of the fingers (54) point downwardly and release the charging material to pass through the shaft (9). 21. A smelting unit according to claim 20 in conjunction with claim 6 characterised in that the rotary mountings (56) for the pivotable fingers are arranged in the frame structure (20) at the rear shaft wall (25) and fixed fingers (55) project into the interior of the shaft (9) from the adjoining lateral shaft walls (36, 37), the ends of which fixed fingers (57) are disposed adjacent to the two outer pivotable fingers (54) when the latter are in the closed position. 22. A smelting unit according to claim 21 characterised in that the inner portions of the pivotable fingers (54) are inclined obliquely downwardly in the closed position and the inner ends (57) of the fixed fingers which are towards said pivotable fingers (54) are at approximately the same inclination as the two outer pivotable fingers (54) in the closed position. 23. A smelting unit according to claim 20, characterised in that by means of individual control of the pivotal movement of the outer fingers (54) which are adjacent to the lateral shaft walls those finger are not pivotable downwardly as far as the central fingers (54) which are disposed therebetween and which are jointly pivotable. 24. A smelting unit according to claim 20 characterised in that, in a shaft in which the rear shaft wall (35) as viewed from the electrode openings (14) and the lateral shaft walls (36, 37) adjoining same converge downwardly by way of a polygonal profile following a trapezoidal line and the horizontal beam member, adjoining the rear shaft wall (35), of the frame structure (20) with the rotary mountings (56) for the pivotable fingers (54) extends parallel to the trapezoidal line contour of the rear shaft wall (35).