Patent GB-804069-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polymeric compounds and products containing the same
IPC: D06M16/00
Filed: 1956-10-15
Abstract: Water-soluble copolymers are made by copolymerizing in an inert solvent and in the presence of a polymerization initiator a mixture of monomers comprising a quaternary ammonium salt of an amino-alcohol ester of acrylic acid or an alpha-hydrocarbon substituted acrylic acid, wherein the amine nitrogen is tertiary, an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic ether or ester containing an epoxide group and 0 to 40 per cent of a different polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer, the temperature of polymerization being below that at which the epoxy group is reactive.  The preferred quaternary ammonium monomer is beta-methacryloxyethylmethyldiethylammonium methyl sulphate; other monomers of this type are specified in U.S.A. Specification 2,677,699.  Epoxide monomers specified are glycidyl acrylate, methacrylate and chloroacrylate and other monomers specified in U.S.A.  Specifications 2,556,075 and 2,567,842.  Other monomers which may be used to form three-component copolymers are vinyl and vinylidene chlorides, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile and methyl and ethyl acrylates and methacrylates.  Polymerization initiators specified are hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide, benzoyl, acetyl and ditert.-butyl peroxides, cumene and tert.-butyl hydroperoxides, sodium perborate and persulphate, ammonium persulphate-sodium bisulphite, hydrogen peroxide-thiourea, potassium persulphate-ferrous sulphate, azobis (isobutyronitrile), azobis (dimethylvaleronitrile), azobis (trimethylvaleronitrile), azobis (methylbutyronitrile) and azobis (isobutyramidine hydrochloride). Polymerization solvents specified are methanol t-butyl alcohol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and water/alcohol mixtures, which last should be used at a pH of about 7.  The copolymers may be applied to films, fibres and fabrics and then cross-linked by heating to temperatures in excess of 100 DEG  C.  Specifications 475,131, 578,079, [both in Group IV], 648,959 and 718,422 also are referred to.ALSO:Fibres made from polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile or polyamides are given an antistatic coating by applying thereto, from aqueous solution, a layer of a copolymer of a mixture of monomers comprising a quaternary ammonium salt of an amino alcohol ester of acrylic acid or an alpha-hydrocarbon substituted acrylic acid, wherein the amino nitrogen is tertiary, an ethylenically unsaturated ether or ester containing an epoxide group and 0-40 per cent of a different polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer.  Representative copolymers are beta-methacryloxyethylmethyldiethylammonium methyl sulphate/glycidyl methacrylate with vinylidene chloride as an optional constituent. Other monomeric constituents include glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl chloroacrylate, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and methyl and ethyl acrylates and methacrylates.  After application the copolymer layer may be cross-linked by heating to a temperature above 100 DEG  C.  The abovementioned copolymers may also be used as mordants for acid dyes.  Specifications 475,131, 578,079, [both in Group IV], 648,959 and 718,422, [both in Group IV (a)], are referred to.