baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-711109-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for measuring the consumption of a flowing medium
IPC: G01F1/80
Filed: 1952-07-21
Abstract: 711,109. Measuring fluid flow. DEL PROPOSTO, S. July 21, 1952 [July 20, 1951], No. 18321/52. Class 40 (1). Apparatus for measuring the rate of flow of a fluid of'variable specific gravity in terms of weight comprises means for measuring the torque required to rotate a symmetrical body in the flowing fluid at a constant speed about an axis perpendicular to the direction of flow, said torque being proportional to the rate of flow above a certain level. As shown, the fluid whose flow is to be determined passes through a pipe 21 (Fig. 2) with a velocity Co. A bypass channel 20 contains an induction motor III driving a blower V to produce an additional, constant, fluid velocity Cz, an automatic regulating device 16 being fitted to ensure that Cz is constant by controlling the pitch of the propellor 17. A paddle wheel II with symmetrical blades 15 is located in the middle of the pipe 21, being driven by motor III via differential gearing IV comprising spur wheels 4, 5 connected to shafts 3, 2 respectively, and planet wheels 8, 9 on common shafts 10 located in a casing 6 provided with radial blades 7, and contained in a further casing 13 filled with the fluid of the surrounding pipes but nominally at rest. Casing 6 is geared via shaft 1 to a further induction motor I which is rotated at super-synchronous speed and therefore acts as an asynchronous generator, feeding into the power supply lines 32 via an energy meter VI. The speeds of motors I and III are approximately independent of torque, and thus the speed of paddle-wheel II is also approximately constant. The initial arrangement is such that when the flow Co is zero the torques required to rotate the paddle wheel II and the casing 6 are equal, and the motor I is idling at synchronous speed. As the flow Co increases the torque produced by motor III is increased to maintain the speed of paddle wheel II, and the correspondingly increased speed of motor I produces an output power measured by meter VI which is proportional to Co. In a modification the pipe 21 is tapered where it meets the inflow from by-pass 20 to allow for the change in fluid pressure due to the rotating body II. The paddle wheel II may alternatively be one or a group of disc blades with roughened surfaces.
Patent GB-498522-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric valve converting apparatus
IPC: H02H7/127
Filed: 1937-07-01
Abstract: 498,522. Converting. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. July 1, 1937, No. 18326. Convention date, July 1, 1936. [Class 38 (ii)] In electric valve converting systems of the kind in which the valves 4, 5, 6, 7 are sequentially rendered conductive by periodic excitation of their cathodes, as by an immersion ignitor 10, and wherein due to the presence of internal structures such as cooling coils 11 a discharge between these structures and the anodes is liable to occur, means are provided whereby on the occurrence of such a discharge in any valve, the cathode excitation of that valve is prematurely initiated thus protecting the cooling coil or other structure by causing the valve to commence conducting normally. The igniter electrodes 10 are energized through auxiliary valves 16 the conductivity of which is normally controlled by grid potentials supplied through a phase-shifter 34. In the event of premature conduction of one of the main valves, however, due to a discharge to its cooling coil 11, the corresponding auxiliary valve is immediately rendered conductive, notwithstanding its grid potential, by anode voltage developed in a corresponding auto-transformer 21 .. 24 due to flow of anode current in the main valve. Thus an ignition impulse is applied to the electrode 10 of the faulty valve which is thereupon rendered normally conducting. In an alternative arrangement, Fig. 2, the auxiliary valves 51 are prematurely rendered conductive in the event of a faulty discharge at a corresponding main valve 45 by application to their grids of a starting impulse from a secondary winding 64 associated with the auto-transformers 63 supplying anode voltage to the auxiliary valves, the grid voltage for normal operation being supplied by a transformer 57, fed through a phase-shifter 56. In a further arrangement, Fig. 3 (not shown), in which the grids of the auxiliary valves are fed with premature ignition impulses under fault conditions in a manner similar to the Fig. 2 arrangement, the grid voltages for normal operation are supplied by impulse circuits, and the anode voltage for the auxiliary valves is supplied by condensers maintained charged by auxiliary rectifiers.
Patent GB-567518-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to metal foil
IPC: C09J7/35
Filed: 1943-11-04
Abstract: A metal foil is coated on at least one surface with a thin, strongly adherent non-tacky, thermally sealable coating composed of a benzene soluble copolymer formed from a mixture of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride containing more than 40 per cent and less than 80 per cent of vinylidene chloride, the coating being at least 0.0002" thick.  Moisture or air impervious packages of the foil may thus be produced by merely applying heat and pressure to form the seams. Lead or aluminium foils may be used and the coating may be from 0.0002" to 0.001" thick, preferably 0.0005", and may contain colouring matter, plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, &c., the copolymer may be dissolved in benzene, toluene or ethylene dichloride up to a concentration of at least 10 per cent.  The surfaces are united by heating to a temperature between 80 and 150 DEG  C. and applying pressure.  The coating may be applied to one or both sides.  The coated side may be brought into contact with the contents of the package or a seam may be formed by folding the material back away from the contents to bring the two contact surfaces together.
Patent GB-729009-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the separation of suspended particles from gases involving electrostatic precipitation
IPC: B03C3/019
Filed: 1953-07-02
Abstract: 729,009. Electrostatic precipitation. RESEARCH CORPORATION. July 2, 1953 [July 7, 1952], No. 18367/53. Drawings to Specification. Class 39 (1). [Also in Group II] A horizontal flow electrostatic precipitator is followed by a mechanical gas cleaner which acts on not more than the lower two-thirds of the gas stream. The mechanical cleaner may act on a lower portion of the gas stream which is less than the lower two-thirds, for example, onethird or one-half. The mechanical cleaner may be of the multiple-cyclone type with vertically or horizontally arranged flow tubes (see Group II). The precipitator described is of the plate type. A transverse perforated partition in the upper part of the outlet flue from the precipitator maintains uniform gas flow throughout the cross-section of the precipitator. An adjustable damper may be provided in association with the perforated partition for controlling the relative gas flow in the upper and lower portions of the outlet flue.
Patent GB-938073-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for liquefying gaseous chlorine
IPC: C01B7/01
Filed: 1962-05-14
Abstract: 938,073. Liquefaction of gases. KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSCHE ZOUTINDUSTRIE N.V. May 14, 1962 [May 19, 1961], No. 18494/62. Class 8(2). In liquefying chlorine gas containing a low boiling point impurity e.g., hydrogen by stepwise condensation at decreasing temperatures e.g., in a refrigerant or water-cooled condenser 3, Fig. 1, and a packed tower 4, the uncondensed portion of the chlorine from condenser 3 and traversing tower 4 is cooled by direct contact with liquid chlorine obtained from outside said tower and at a temperature of the gaseous chlorine fed thereto. As shown said cold liquid chlorine is obtained by passing a portion of the liquid chlorine leaving condenser 3 through an exchanger 6 cooled by an external refrigerant. Product liquid chlorine is collected in a chamber 5. In a modification the whole of the liquid chlorine leaving condenser 3, Fig. 2, is passed through an exchanger 7 where it is cooled by product liquid chlorine having been cooled by expansion at a valve 8, and the resulting chlorine gas is fed to the inlet 1 of a compressor 2 feeding condenser 3. In a further modification the supply of cold liquid chlorine is obtained by expanding liquid chlorine product discharged from the base of the tower through valve 8 into a receptacle 9, Fig. 3 (not shown) and from which the so cooled liquid is forced by a pump 10 into the head of tower 4. The upper end of tower 4 contains a perforated plate 11, Fig. 4, through which the impurity-rich chlorine gas is discharged prior to being mixed with an inert gas e.g., air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide admitted through a side tube 14.
Patent GB-112164-A (GB)
Title: The Utilisation of certain Nuts or Seeds in the Manufacture of Artificial Butter or the like.
IPC: A23D7/00
Filed: 1916-12-27
Abstract: 112,164. De Bruyn, Ltd., and Bruyn, J. de. Dec. 27, 1916. Butter substitutes.-Artificial butter is made from Babassu or Bassoba, Cohune, coco, and other nuts of the palm species, with the exception of the nut of Elaeis guineensis, and from their meals or cakes, by the following process. The nuts are reduced in a mill and the grist placed in a solution of common salt or an alkaline solution and maintained at a temperature of from about 130- 140‹ F. for a time and agitated to produce solution and emulsification. The emulsion is then filtered or otherwise separated from undissolved matter, and the filtrate is concentrated by evaporation or by precipitation with acid. removal of some of the supernatant liquid, and redissolution with alkali. Two or three per cent of lactose or other sugars may then be added, and the solution and emulsion is ripened by inoculation at a temperature of about 70‹ F. with lactic-acid organisms. The soured product is then mixed with from ten to thirty per cent of edible vegetable or animal oils or fats, and some of the nut extract formed by evaporating the original filtered solution and emulsion to dryness may be. added, and the mixture is converted into butter by any of the wellknown processes.
Patent GB-242345-A (GB)
Title: An improved paste suitable for admixture with cement and other materials for strengthening and (or) waterproofing the same
IPC: C04B28/26
Filed: 1924-08-06
Abstract: 242,345. Kirkpatrick, S. M. Aug. 6, 1924. Compositions containing india-rubber latex, sodium silicate, and soap; clay plastic compositions.-A paste which can be mixed with cements, concretes, mortars, clay, earth, and other substances for strengthening or waterproofing purposes consists of raw or vulcanized rubber latex a preservative such as hexamine, silicate of soda, potash soap, and water, with or without a stiffening agent such as gum arabic.
Patent GB-705862-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of benzene carboxylic acids and estersthereof
IPC: C07C51/275
Filed: 1951-08-08
Abstract: In the production of benzene carboxylic acids and esters thereof by the treatment of fossilized or more recent combustible deposits such as bituminous coal, lignites, peat or carbonization products thereof such as coke tar and pitch with oxidizing agents in an aqueous acidic or alkaline medium, e.g. nitric acid, the crude product after separation of the chemicals used in oxidation is heated with sulphuric acid, density 1.8-1.84, to a temperature below the boiling point of the sulphuric acid, the mixture is allowed to cool and is diluted with water, and the benzene carboxylic acids are separated from the mixture by extraction with an organic solvent and if desired are subsequently esterified. Suitably the benzene carboxylic acids are extracted with an alcohol preferably a low-boiling mono alcohol, e.g. an aliphatic or aromatic monohydric alcohol of 3-8 carbon atoms, and are then esterified with the same alcohol.  The alcohol may be unsaturated and the amount of alcohol may be such that an acid mixture of esters is obtained.  In further modifications the benzene carboxylic acids may be recrystallized from dilute nitric acid and subjected to a second treatment with sulphuric acid, density 1.8-1.84, or the crude product may be freed from nitrogenous compounds by extraction with an organic solvent, e.g. benzene, chloroform or ethylene trichloride prior to treatment with sulphuric acid.  In examples (1) the product obtained by oxidizing bituminous coal with nitric acid is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, cooled and diluted with water, the benzene carboxylic acids are extracted with ether, recrystallized from dilute nitric acid and subjected to further treatment with sulphuric acid; (2) from a raw product obtained by treating a gas coal with nitric acid, nitrogenous matter is extracted with benzene and the purified product is heated to 170 DEG C. with sulphuric acid and worked up as in (1); (3) the raw product obtained by oxidizing bituminous coal with nitric acid is heated with sulphuric acid, diluted with water, extracted with butyl alcohol and esterified to give a mixture of butyl esters; (4) the product obtained by oxidizing coals by air in the presence of aqueous sodium carbonate and separating by electrodialysis is heated with sulphuric acid and worked up as in (1); (5) the product obtained by oxidizing high temperature tar-pitch with nitric acid is treated as in (1) and (6) the product obtained by oxidizing coking coal with nitric acid is treated as in (1) and the resulting benzene carboxylic acids partially esterified with allyl alcohol.
Patent GB-861248-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for de-dusting tablets
IPC: B03B4/00
Filed: 1957-06-13
Abstract: 861,248. Sifting apparatus. CIBA Ltd. June 13. 1957 [June 19, 1956], No. 18743/57. Class 117 Apparatus for de-dusting tablets, including the removal of burrs therefrom, comprises a vibratory sieve 31 within a channel 21 having a feed funnel 24 and a discharge conduit 25. The sieve has stepped sections 32 and baffles 33 thereon which cause the tablets to follow a sinuous course 34, Fig. 2, during which the burrs are rubbed off and the abraded material together with other dust falls into the channel beneath the sieve. A blowing device 42 swingably secured to the channel cover 29 delivers jets of air on to the tablets and causes them to be whirled around, and the clouds of dust so formed are sucked through ducts 26, 27 and 28 by a fan 51 associated with a cyclone chamber 52. The duct 28 is connected tangentially to a slit 30 in the wall of the discharge conduit 25. The inclination of the channel and sieve is adjustable, the channel being secured to a plate 16 hinged to a frame 13 supported by springs 12 on a base plate 11. A vibrator 14 is fixed to the frame.
Patent GB-201904-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to brakes for centrifugal machines
IPC: B04B9/08
Filed: 1923-07-20
Abstract: 201,904. Svensson, K. J., and Norling, K. A. P. Aug. 7, 1922, [Convention date]. Driving.-The brake 3 for the drum 2 of a centrifugal machine is at such a level that when the drum is being placed on its spindle 5, the sleeve 7 engages with the spindle before the base 8 of the drum reaches the brake level. Thus the drum will clear the brake or will only strike it with the rounded portion 8 if the brake is in its forward position.
Patent GB-842868-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in stabilized analog integrator
IPC: G06G7/186
Filed: 1956-06-18
Abstract: 842,868. Valve integrating circuits. ELECTRONIC ASSOCIATES Inc. June 18, 1956 [July 1, 1955], No. 18805/56. Class 40(6). [Also in Group XXXVI] In an electric analogue integrator, the first stage of a direct coupled amplifier 1 comprises a primary triode amplifier 2 cathode coupled to a secondary triode amplifier 3 and anode coupled to the remaining stages of the amplifier, whose output 16 is retractively coupled to the grid of triode 2 over capacitance 18 (C 1 ); the input 15 being connected to the grid over resistance 17 (R 1 ) which with C 1  constitutes an integrating feedback path. A passive impedance network comprising resistance 27 (R 2 ) in series with capacitance 28 (C 2 ) connects the input 15 to the output 16, forming a bridge network with resistance 17 and capacitance 18. The signal voltage at 15 is compared with the output voltage at 16, and variations of the latter, not in proportional correspondence with variations of the former, develop a compensating voltage at the junction of resistance 27 with capacitance 28 which is connected to the input of a synchronous vibrating interruptor-rectifier 5 generating a corresponding alternating voltage, which after amplification at 14 is rectified to a direct voltage, which after filtration from H.F. components is applied to the grid of the secondary triode amplifier. Spurious voltages in the output due to variations of amplifier components and characteristics and to variations of grid current of the primary input stage are thus compensated in the integrated output signal. For optimum results the integrating network and the passive impedance network should have similiar time constants, i.e. R 1 C 1  = R 2 C 2 .
Patent GB-1402957-A (GB)
Title: Shelving structure
IPC: A47B57/20
Filed: 1973-04-18
Abstract: 1402957 Shelving H O LUNDQVIST 18 April 1973 [18 April 1972] 18807/73 Heading A4B A shelf 1 is supported at each end by a pair of columns 2, 3 each having support pins 15, 16 extending across a longitudinal groove 14, each shelf end being fitted with a wire 4 engaged in a groove 6 in the shelf underside and the wire 4 having bent back ends 7, 8 engaged in bores 9, 10 in the shelf, the wire 4 having protruding portions 11, 12 which rest on the support pins 15, 16. The shelf may have corner recesses defining surfaces 19, 20 which fit around the columns.
Patent GB-1059464-A (GB)
Title: Selectively cracking gas oil with crystalline alumnosilicate
IPC: C10G11/05
Filed: 1964-05-06
Abstract: The cracking of hydrocarbons, e.g. gas oil, to gasoline is effected in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least 10% by weight of a crystalline aluminosilicate having a defined activity, alpha of at least 1.5 with a reactant residence time not above 4 seconds, a catalyst residence time not above 15 minutes and a catalyst to oil volume ratio of 0.1-5.  The aluminosilicate catalyst may be used alone or preferably composited with an oxide matrix and may have rare earth metals introduced by base exchange or hydrogen ions introduced by acids or an ammonium ion followed by heating. The aluminosilicate preferably has an activity of 1.5-5,000.  Reaction is effected at 550-1100 DEG F and subatmospheric to several hundred atmospheres pressure.  The LHSV is preferably equal to or greater than 2a f where a  is the activity and f the fraction of aluminosilicate in the catalyst and the particle size in mm. <FORM:1059464/C4-C5/1> where s is the LHSV.
Patent GB-516623-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in safety valves for preventing accidental operation of automatic guns on aircraft
IPC: F41A19/55
Filed: 1938-06-25
Abstract: 516,623. Firing guns on aircraft. DUNLOP RUBBER CO., Ltd., BEHARRELL, G. E., WRIGHT, J., and TREVASKIS, H. June 25, 1938, Nos. 18869/38 and 14708/39. [Class 92 (ii)] The fluid pressure firing circuit for aircraft guns 3, Fig. 1, controlled by a press-button 2 is provided with a safety-valve device 1 controlled by means on the aircraft, such as the retractable undercarriage gear, which requires adjustment to landing or flying conditions, so that the safety-valve precludes firing except when flying. The safety-valve 8, Fig. 4, situated in the firing pipe line. connected to unions 4, is attached to a lever 9 rocking on a shaft 10 and pressed by a spring 17 and toggle 26 so as to keep the valve closed. Pressure admitted to the jacks J for raising the undercarriage acts through a piston 20, Fig. 3, on a rocker 18 to rotate the lever. 9 and release the valve 8, the toggle serving to retain the valve open. On moving the undercarriage to landing position pressure acts on the other piston 20<1> to close the valve. The valve may be opened by hand by means of a handle 16 which serves to move the valve without moving the lever 9. In a modification, a safety valve is embodied in a pneumatic gun-firing circuit and is controlled by a lever connected to the landing gear.
Patent GB-1354779-A (GB)
Title: Panelvuilding  unit for buildings as for instance a window  or facing
IPC: E06B3/54
Filed: 1971-06-03
Abstract: 1354779 Mounting panels VBK RASMUSSEN 3 June 1971 [4 June 1970] 18888/71 Headings E1R and E1W A panel element comprises a panel 3 with frame members interconnected with a support 1 so that the weight of the panel element urges the panel towards the support. Side frame members are connected to the support frame 1 by screws 8 passing through inclined slots in the frame members. Alternatively the members and support are secured by inclined links (12, Fig. 5, not shown) pivoted at their ends.
Patent GB-1435357-A (GB)
Title: Method of transferring pieces of dough in loaf-manufacturing  installations
IPC: A21C9/08
Filed: 1973-04-19
Abstract: 1435357 Transferring dough pieces E G M FONTAINE 19 April 1973 [21 April 1972] 18916/73 Heading A2A [Also in Division B8]  Dough pieces are fed from a platform 1 to a raising chamber 13 by the successive action of conveyer belts 2, 3. The belt 2 may be slightly inclined from the vertical, and the belt 3 may slope upwards slightly from the belt 2. The inclination of both belts is adjustable. The apparatus may be secured to the chamber 13 as shown at 16.
Patent GB-627453-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the preparation of derivatives of cyclohexene
IPC: C07C1/24
Filed: 1947-07-16
Abstract: Cyclohexene derivatives of general formula RC­CH, wherein R is a cyclohex-1-enyl group which is substituted by one, two or three methyl groups in the 2 and/or 6 positions, are prepared by passing the corresponding 1-ethynyl cyclohexanol in the vapour phase over a heated metal phosphate catalyst, that of aluminium being preferred. The reaction may be effected at reduced pressures or in the presence of an inert gas such as nitrogen, and temperatures of 250-300 DEG C., especially 270 DEG  C., are preferred. In examples: (1) 2-methyl-, (2) 2 : 2-dimethyl-and (3) 2 : 6 : 6-trimethyl-1-ethynylcyclohexanol are passed over porcelain coated with aluminium phosphate to give 2-methyl-, 2 : 2-dimethyl-, and 2 : 6 : 6-trimethyl-1-ethynylcyclohexene respectively.  The substituted cyclohexanols used as starting materials are obtained by treating in liquid ammonia solution an alkali metal derivative of acetylene with the correspondingly substituted cyclohexanone. In the Provisional Specification it is stated that R of the above formula may be unsubstituted or contain one, two or three lower alkyl substituents and an example (2) is given of the preparation of 1-ethynylcyclohexene.
Patent GB-1442969-A (GB)
Title: Mixers
IPC: B01F5/06
Filed: 1975-05-06
Abstract: 1442969 Mixing apparatus SULZER BROS Ltd 6 May 1975 [10 May 1974] 18985/75 Addition to 1373142 Heading B1C The mixer of the main patent is modified by the spacing apart of adjacent layers of flow channels preferably by a distance not greater than half the thickness of either layer. As shown the layers 1 consist of corrugated sheets 4 inclined to the direction of flow a of the media to be mixed and spaced by wires 3. Alternatively the flow channels may be defined by parallel guide plates (2, Fig. 1 not shown) and the spacers may be webs (3, Fig. 3 not shown). The modification facilities cleaning of the mixer.
Patent GB-1030631-A (GB)
Title: Fixture of handle on a rotatable spindle
Inventor: COVERLEY HAROLD ERNEST
IPC: G05G1/12
Filed: 1964-05-07
Abstract: 1,030,631. Securing handles on shafts. GENERAL MOTORS Ltd. April 15, 1965 [May 7, 1964], No. 19025/64. Heading F2U. A vehicle window regulator or door handle 1 of synthetic resin has a coned and splined bush 3 engaging in a correspondingly tapered and splined socket in a diecast metal spindle 2.