baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20210028107-A (KR)
Title: Systems and methods for training a neural network to control an aircraft
Inventor: CHEN YANG
IPC: G06N3/04
Filed: 2020-08-26
Abstract: A device includes a control input generator and a neural network trainer. A flight simulator is configured to generate first state data responsive to a first control input from the control input generator and to provide the first state data to a first neural network to generate a candidate second control input. The control input generator is also configured to select, based on a random value, a second control input from between the candidate second control input and a randomized offset control input which is based on a random offset applied to the first control input. The flight simulator is configured to generate second state data responsive to the second control input from the control input generator. The neural network trainer is configured to update weights of the first neural network based, at least in part, on the first state data and the second state data.
Patent KR-20210028108-A (KR)
Title: Gloves having antistatic properties and method of manufacturing therefrom
Inventor: Wong Chong Ban
IPC: A41D31/26
Filed: 2020-08-26
Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is an antistatic chemical agent including a mixture of polyether and sodium salt, wherein the mixture of polyether and sodium salt is prepared using a weight concentration ratio ranging from 10 : 1 to 1 : 10. Further, disclosed in the present invention is a method of preparing electrostatic discharge cleanroom gloves, wherein the method includes the following steps: spraying the antistatic chemical agent onto cleanroom gloves during an offline process to prepare antistatic chemical agent-coated cleanroom gloves; and drying the antistatic chemical agent-coated cleanroom gloves to prepare the electrostatic discharge cleanroom gloves. Further, disclosed in the present invention is a method of preparing the electrostatic discharge cleanroom gloves, wherein the method includes the following steps: preparing the antistatic chemical agent-coated cleanroom gloves by immersing the cleanroom gloves in a container containing the antistatic chemical agent during the offline process; and drying the antistatic chemical agent-coated cleanroom gloves to prepare the electrostatic discharge cleanroom gloves.
Patent KR-20210037538-A (KR)
Title: Method and apparatus for obtaining information on sub-units partitioned from a picture
Inventor: KIM JAE IL
IPC: H04N19/174
Filed: 2020-09-07
Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for obtaining information on subunits partitioned from a picture. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining information on subunits partitioned from the picture comprises the steps of: decoding, from a bitstream, CTU size information indicating the size of coding tree units (CTUs) in the picture; decoding, from the bitstream, sub-picture partition information representing sub-pictures in the picture in the unit of the CTU size; decoding, from the bitstream, partition information of one or more tiles in the picture; and decoding, from the bitstream, partition information of one or more slices in the picture. According to one embodiment of the present invention, since the duplication of syntax elements used to partition the picture into subunits is prevented, the bit efficiency can be improved.
Patent KR-20220039431-A (KR)
Inventor: MISEON HWANG
IPC: H04N5/247
Filed: 2020-09-22
Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device comprising: a communication circuit; a memory; at least one camera; and a processor operatively connected to the communication circuit, the memory, and the at least one camera. The processor is configured to: obtain information related to the location of at least one external electronic device on the basis of a signal received from the at least one external electronic device through the communication circuit; receive information on a subject related to the at least one external electronic device from the at least one external electronic device through the communication circuit; and configure photographing information of the at least one camera on the basis of the information related to the location of the external electronic device and the information on the subject. Therefore, convenience in subject selection can be increased. In addition, various embodiments identified through the present document are possible.
Patent KR-20220048323-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK JEE HOON
IPC: H04L12/40
Filed: 2020-10-12
Abstract: Provided is a power transmission system using a vehicle Ethernet physical layer. The system comprises: a plurality of electronic device nodes installed in a vehicle to receive power and to perform a predefined function; and an Ethernet physical layer-based integrated processor which supplies the power to the electronic device node according to connection with the plurality of electronic device nodes and simultaneously monitors power and data used in the electronic device node. The integrated processor sequentially supplies the power to the plurality of electronic device nodes according to priority. The integrated processor first supplies the power to a first electronic device node among the plurality of electronic device nodes to sense a current in the first electronic device node. After receiving the diagnostic information, the integrated processor supplies the power to a second electronic device node having a next higher priority than the first electronic device node. The present invention can simplify an electrical and electronic architecture.
Patent KR-20220049252-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK YOUNG TAE
IPC: H01M10/052
Filed: 2020-10-14
Abstract: The present invention relates to a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery including the same. Particularly, the negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a 1,1-disubstituted-3,4-diphenyl silole derivative or a copolymer thereof. The lithium secondary battery using a 1,1-disubstituted-3,4-diphenyl silole derivative or a copolymer thereof as a negative electrode active material according to the present invention shows less structural stress as compared to the conventional electrode made of graphite, and thus provides a high capacity value and stable battery characteristics. In addition, the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention can retain its capacity with no loss of lithium source, shows a high capacity restoration ratio of restoring the initial capacity and has excellent cycle life, and thus can advantageously substitute for the conventional lithium secondary battery including an electrode made of graphite.
Patent KR-20220053831-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE KANGMIN
IPC: H03K5/135
Filed: 2020-10-23
Abstract: The present invention relates to an internal latch circuit and a latch signal generation method thereof. The internal latch circuit includes a plurality of low-initial value D-type flip flops, a plurality of high-initial value D-type flip flops, an internal latch signal generation circuit and a NAND gate. First, an input delay signal responding to a clock signal is generated. In order to generate and transmit a first internal input signal, a first inverted internal input signal, a second internal input signal and a second inverted internal input signal to the internal latch signal generation circuit, a response to the input delay signal is made based on the internal selection pulse signal through the low-initial value D-type flip flops and the high-initial value D-type flip flops. A first inverted forward output signal and a second inverted forward output signal are outputted through the internal latch signal generation circuit, and lastly, an internal latch signal is generated through the NAND gate. Therefore, as an influence of a delay time of the input delay signal on the internal latch signal is mitigated, a write operation of the memory can be stably executed.
Patent KR-20220056604-A (KR)
Title: Multiplexing signal processing system
Inventor: YEOM JUNG YEOL
IPC: G01T1/17
Filed: 2020-10-28
Abstract: The present invention relates to a multiplexing signal processing system. The multiplexing signal processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a scintillator which converts radiation into a scintillating signal; a plurality of optical sensors which convert the scintillating signal outputted from the scintillator into an electric signal; a shaping circuit unit which is connected with each of the optical sensors, and which shapes the output signal of the optical sensor to a prescribed waveform signal and outputs the same; an addition circuit unit which generates a sum signal by summing the different waveform signals shaped from the shaping circuit unit; and a signal identification unit which distinguishes the output signal outputted from the plurality of optical sensors from the sum signal generated from the addition circuit unit. The multiplexing signal processing system obtains a high quality nuclear medicine image and reduces cost.
Patent KR-20220058996-A (KR)
Title: Carbon Dioxide Gas Turbine Operation Method and CO2 Capture Device
Inventor: YANG SUNG JIN
IPC: F01K25/10
Filed: 2020-11-02
Abstract: In the present invention, prior to putting air into a combustor in a gas turbine, oxygen and nitrogen are separated and produced by a liquefaction separation method and are used as a refrigerant, and only pure oxygen is injected into the combustor, so that the exhaust gas is composed of only steam (H_2O) and carbon dioxide and easily condensed into a liquid, and therefore the thermal efficiency of the turbine is increased. In addition, in the present invention, CO_2 captured as a liquid phase is dissolved in water to become carbonated water, and the carbonated water is supplied to a system that produces electricity and hydrogen, so that hydrogen can be mass-produced, and ammonia (NH_3) is produced from nitrogen (N_2) having collected CO_2 and hydrogen (H_2) produced with the CO_2. Accordingly, 1.5 times the amount of hydrogen, which is clean energy, stored as liquid can be stored as ammonia.
Patent KR-20210072690-A (KR)
Title: A semiconductor wafer dicing process
Inventor: HANICINEC MARTIN
IPC: B23K26/36
Filed: 2020-11-09
Abstract: A semiconductor wafer dicing process for dicing a wafer into individual dies is disclosed, wherein each die includes one integrated circuit. The process comprises: a step of disposing a coating on a wafer; removing at least a portion of the coating to form a workpiece by exposing an area of the wafer into which the wafer is to be diced; placing the workpiece on a platen within the processing chamber; plasma processing the workpiece with a series of plasma processing conditions to form an undercut by etching a portion of the exposed area of the wafer to form laterally extending wafer grooves under the coating; and plasma etching the workpiece with a series of plasma etching conditions different from the plasma processing conditions to etch through the wafer and dicing the wafer along the wafer grooves.
Patent KR-20220066548-A (KR)
Title: Cutting tools for motor hairpin wire and cutting tools assembly
Inventor: KIM DONG YUN
IPC: H02K15/04
Filed: 2020-11-16
Abstract: According to the present invention, a hairpin winding cutting tool is coupled to an actuator that reciprocates in a direction of a wire rod so as to cut the wire rod forming hairpin winding. The hairpin winding cutting tool comprises: a main body formed in a shape of a square pillar; a cutting portion in which blades having triangular cross sections are formed to cross at one end of the main body; and a coupling portion of a polygon shape formed to be coupled to the actuator at the other end of the main body to have an effect of uniformly cutting an end portion of hairpin winding when the wire rod is cut and provide a cutting tool, which uniformly moves based on the wire rod, to minimize occurrence of a burr or scrap.
Patent KR-20220068477-A (KR)
Inventor: SHIN WANG SU
IPC: A41D27/00
Filed: 2020-11-19
Abstract: The present invention relates to a sports vest and, more specifically, to a sports vest that can be thrown away after use and can be worn during team sports or group exercise. The present invention which uses a non-woven fabric and is configured such that an opening and tying straps of the neck-inserting portion can be separated when used by an incision line and a perforated line, and that an inward recessed portion is provided on the left and right sides of the neck-inserting portion so as to allow a wearer to move freely his/her arms.
Patent KR-20220071602-A (KR)
Title: Skimmer for Seawater Fish Aquarium
Inventor: CHOI YOON SEOK
IPC: A01K63/04
Filed: 2020-11-24
Abstract: The present invention relates to a skimmer for a live fish tank, comprising: a housing having a hollow structure inside; a seawater inlet pipe installed from a water tank through the housing, and introducing seawater from the water tank into the housing; a first chamber partitioned inside the housing to accommodate the seawater inlet pipe, and receiving the seawater of the water tank which is introduced by the seawater inlet pipe while generating foam; a second chamber partitioned inside the housing, connected to the first chamber, and introducing the foam and the seawater from the first chamber; a foam separator installed in the second chamber, and separating the foam and the seawater flowing into the second chamber; a third chamber partitioned inside the housing, connected to the second chamber, and configured to introduce and discharge the seawater from which the foam is separated by the foam separator into the water tank; and a fourth chamber partitioned inside the housing, positioned above the first and second chambers, and connected to the second chamber to receive and discharge the foam separated by the foam separator to the outside. According to the present invention, the seawater in the water tank can be effectively purified by forcibly generating foam while the seawater in the water tank is circulated to separate contaminants from the seawater, and removing the foam containing the contaminants.
Patent KR-20220073184-A (KR)
Title: 물리적 기상증착 장치용 기판 홀더
Inventor: LEE DOH KWON
IPC: C23C14/56
Filed: 2020-11-26
Abstract: 본 발명에 따른 물리적 기상증착 장치용 기판 홀더는, 물리적 기상증착 장치의 진공챔버 내부에 장착되는 것으로, 베이스; 상기 베이스에 고정되고, 복수의 기판을 고정하며, 상기 기판의 증착 표면의 소스물질에 대향하여 노출시키는 기판 고정판; 상기 복수의 기판의 각 기판에 대응하여 제공되고, 상기 각 기판의 증착 표면을 개별적으로 블로킹 할 수 있게 제공되며, 개방 위치와 블로킹 위치 사이에 이동하여 상기 증착표면으로의 증착물질 이동을 허용하거나 차단할 수 있게 설치된 셔터; 상기 셔터를 구동하는 모터; 및 상기 모터의 구동을 제어하는 제어모듈을 포함한다.
Patent KR-20220075462-A (KR)
Title: 유무광 패턴이 포함된 단색 필름 적층체 및 이의 제조 방법
Inventor: LEE SUN AE
IPC: C09D4/00
Filed: 2020-11-30
Abstract: 본 출원은 유무광 패턴이 포함된 단색 필름 적층체 및 이의 제조 방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 차별화된 디자인으로 단색 제품의 경쟁력을 증대시키고, 고객 맞추형 컨셉 디자인의 제공이 가능한 유무광 패턴이 포함된 단색 필름 적층체 및 이의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20220075728-A (KR)
Inventor: JANG JONGWOOK
IPC: G16H50/20
Filed: 2020-11-30
Abstract: 본 발명은 단일 촬영으로 획득된 데이터를 활용하여 3차원적 데이터를 생성하여 정확한 진단에 활용할 수 있도록 한 의료용 이미지의 3차원 메쉬 생성을 위한 장치 및 방법에 관한 것으로, 의료용 촬영 장비로 촬영한 DICOM 형식의 이미지를 불러오는 이미지 로딩부;이미지 로딩부를 통하여 블러온 기존의 의료 진단용 이미지를 확인할 수 있도록 하는 기존 이미지 확인부;기존 이미지 확인부에서 확인된 기존의 의료 진단용 이미지를 영상처리 및 머신러닝 기술을 이용한 깊이 데이터 매칭으로 3차원 데이터를 생성하는 3D 메쉬 생성부;3D 메쉬 생성부에서 2차원 이미지를 처리하여 3차원으로 제공된 데이터를 확인하는 처리 결과 확인부;처리 결과 확인부에서 확인된 3차원 데이터를 저장하는 이미지 저장부;를 포함하는 것이다.
Patent KR-20220077469-A (KR)
Title: 이산화티타늄 기반의 수소 센서를 이용한 수소 감지 시스템
Inventor: RYU YOUNG JO
IPC: G01N33/00
Filed: 2020-12-02
Abstract: 본 발명은 이산화티타늄 기반의 수소 센서를 이용한 수소 감지 시스템에 관한 것이다. 
본 발명은 방폭 기능과 통신 기능이 구비된 수소 감지기, 상기 수소 감지기가 출력하는 수소감지정보를 중계하는 중계기 및 상기 중계기를 통하여 상기 수소 감지기로부터 상기 수소감지정보를 전송받아 관리하는 관리 서버를 포함하고, 상기 수소 감지기는 3방향 이상의 흡입구가 형성된 방폭 하우징, 상기 방폭 하우징의 내부에 설치되어 있으며 상기 흡입구를 통해 흡입되어 감지되는 수소의 농도에 대응하는 전기신호를 출력하는 이산화티타늄 기반의 수소 센서, 상기 수소 센서가 출력하는 전기신호를 처리하여 수소농도신호를 생성하는 신호 처리부 및 상기 신호 처리부에 의해 생성된 수소농도신호를 상기 수소 감지기의 아이디에 매핑한 정보인 수소감지정보를 무선 전송하는 무선 통신부 및 상기 수소감지정보를 표시하는 디스플레이부를 포함한다. 
본 발명에 따르면, 이산화티타늄의 고강도, 고반응의 물성을 이용하여 센서의 기저대역을 형성하고, 코발트 촉매를 사용하여 넓은 반응범위의 측정을 가능하게 하고, 크롬 촉매의 공기와 습기에 강한 내구성을 이용하여 수명을 연장시킬 수 있는 이산화티타늄 기반의 수소 센서를 이용한 수소 감지 시스템이 제공되는 효과가 있다.
Patent KR-20220078120-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO SOON HAENG
IPC: B01D53/047
Filed: 2020-12-03
Abstract: 본 발명은 암모니아를 분해하여 얻은 수소와 질소, 미분해 암모니아가 포함된 혼합가스로부터 수소를 정제하는 흡착분리방법인 압력스윙 흡착법에 관한 것으로서, 질소, 암모니아가 포함된 수소가스로부터 흡착제가 충진된 4기 이상의 압력스윙 흡착장치에 통과시켜 흡착제에 질소와 암모니아를 흡착시킨 후 흡착되지 않는 수소는 흡착탑 상부로 배출하여 정제된 수소를 생산하고, 흡착제에 흡착된 질소와 암모니아는 대기압까지 감압하여 제거하는 압력스윙흡착(Pressure Swing Adsorption, PSA)법과 진공압력까지 감압하여 제거하는 진공압력스윙흡착(Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption, VPSA)법으로 암모니아를 분해하여 얻은 수소와 질소, 미분해 암모니아가 포함된 혼합가스로부터 수소를 정제하여 생산할 수 있는 효과가 있다.
Patent KR-20220080248-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM HAG YONG
IPC: G08B25/10
Filed: 2020-12-07
Abstract: 본 발명은 푸쉬 버튼의 눌림에 따라 생성되는 전원으로 동작하는 비상 알람 스위치로부터 푸쉬 버튼의 눌림에 따른 비상 알람 신호를 수신하고 수신된 비상 알람 신호의 식별자와 등록된 복수의 식별자의 비교에 따라 비상 상태 신호를 출력하는 무선통신 모듈, 월 패드와 유선의 데이터 통신을 수행하는 유선통신 모듈, 연결된 조명의 온/오프를 제어하는 조명 릴레이 및 무선통신 모듈로부터 수신되는 비상 상태 신호에 따라 유선통신 모듈의 데이터 통신을 통해 월 패드로 비상 상태를 나타내는 데이터를 전송하는 제어부를 포함하는, 조명 제어 스위치 및 이를 포함하는 비상 알람 시스템에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20220087820-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM HEE JOUNG
IPC: A47G1/17
Filed: 2020-12-18
Abstract: 본 발명은 디바이스에 결합될 수 있는 상패로서, 상패 내용이 기재되는 상패부; 상기 디바이스에 부착되는 결합부; 및 상기 상패부와 상기 결합부를 회전 가능하도록 힌지 결합시키는 힌지부;를 포함하고, 상기 결합부는 디바이스에 부착시키는 열접착층을 더 포함하는 디바이스 결합형 상패를 제공한다.
Patent KR-20220088237-A (KR)
Inventor: YU SENG HO
IPC: C21D9/46
Filed: 2020-12-18
Abstract: 본 발명은 고경도 특성과 더불어 우수한 저온 충격인성을 구비하여 우수한 강탄 성을 제공 가능한 방탄강 및 이를 제조하는 방법을 제공할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20220090871-A (KR)
Title: Igto 산화물 반도체 결정화를 통한 고이동도 트랜지스터 소자 및 그의 제조 방법
Inventor: JEONG JAE KYEONG
IPC: H01L29/786
Filed: 2020-12-23
Abstract: 다양한 실시예들은 IGTO 산화물 반도체 결정화를 통한 고이동도 트랜지스터 소자 및 그의 제조 방법에 관한 것으로, 트랜지스터 소자는 기판 및 기판 상에 배치되는 결정질 IGTO 채널층을 포함하고, 열처리를 통해, 기판 상에 제공되는 비정질 IGTO 채널층을 결정질 IGTO 채널층으로 변화시키는 것에 의해 제조될 수 있다.
Patent KR-20210005821-A (KR)
Inventor: KAMII HIDEYUKI
IPC: C08K3/10
Filed: 2020-12-24
Abstract: The present invention provides a curable resin composition including semiconductor quantum dots and capable of forming a highly reliable cured film having excellent fluorescence properties with ease. The present invention also provides a cured film, light emitting device, wavelength conversion film and a method for forming a light emitting layer. The curable resin composition includes: (A) a compound having at least two polymerizable groups per molecule and a molecular weight of 150-10,000; (B) semiconductor quantum dots; and (C) a hydrocarbon-based solvent. A cured film is formed on a substrate 12 by using the curable resin composition. The cured film is formed into a wavelength conversion film, which is used as a light emitting layer 13 to form a wavelength conversion substrate 11. In addition, the wavelength conversion substrate 11 is combined with a light source substrate provided with a light source 17 to obtain a light emitting display device 100.
Patent KR-20210157837-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JIN HWAN
IPC: A61B5/022
Filed: 2020-12-24
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a massage device for measuring biometric information. The massage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a controlling unit which controls the massage device; a body massage unit which provides massage to an upper body unit and a lower body unit of a user depending on control of the controlling unit; an arm massage unit which is arranged in at least one of one side and the other side of the body massage unit, and provides the massage to an arm of the user depending on the control of the controlling unit; and a blood pressure measuring module which is arranged inside the massage device and measures blood pressure depending on the control of the controlling unit. The arm massage unit includes: a first air cell which is arranged along an inner wall of the arm massage unit; and a second air cell which is arranged inside the first air cell. The blood pressure measuring module includes a blood pressure measurement controlling unit for measuring the blood pressure by controlling the first air cell and the second air cell in response to a trigger signal transmitted from the controlling unit. The blood pressure measurement controlling unit expands the second air cell by supplying a predetermined supply amount of air to the second air cell in response to the trigger signal transmitted from the controlling unit; measures a changed amount of air pressure of the expanded second air cell changed by pressure of allowing the expanded first air cell to press the expanded second air cell by expanding the first air cell; and measures the blood pressure based on whether or not the changed amount of the air pressure is equal to or greater than a threshold change amount.
Patent KR-20220095564-A (KR)
Title: Path trace method and system for electronic document
Inventor: BAE HWAN GUK
IPC: G06F21/60
Filed: 2020-12-30
Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic document path tracing method and tracing system capable of enhancing data security by tracing a distribution path of electronic documents through data file duplication, file name change, etc. The tracing system includes a log information update unit and a path tracing unit. The log information update unit includes: a unique ID generating module that creates a unique ID for second electronic document data and adjusts a unique ID of a first electronic document data to a parent ID, when the first electronic document data being loaded in an operating system-based (OS-based) word processor unit is regenerated as the second electronic document data because a storage location or a name is changed; and a log information update module creating or updating a storage path according to the creation of the second electronic document data as log information and configuring the same in the second electronic document data. The path tracing unit searches for log information in the first electronic document data or the second electronic document data, and identifies an execution history from the searched log information.
Patent KR-20220096503-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM NA YOUNG
IPC: B25J9/16
Filed: 2020-12-31
Abstract: The present invention relates to a robot control system for coding education and, more specifically, to a robot control system, which accurately controls a robot for coding education through a line detection unit capable of detecting a line, thereby increasing the utilization of the robot in the coding learning tool market. The robot control system for coding education according to the present invention may include: a robot configured to move according to a tangible block including a command, and having a plurality of motors therein; a control unit configured to independently control the plurality of motors; and a tile board corresponding to the space in which the robot moves. The control unit may include a line detection unit configured to detect a line of the tile board in order to check whether the robot moves according to the tangible block. The line detection unit may include line information which is configured in a different manner depending on whether the line is present within a detection radius of the line detection unit. The order information of the tangible block may be read by a block recognition algorithm, and the block recognition algorithm may map the tangible block placed on a three-dimensional space to a two-dimensional space.
Patent KR-20200018568-A (KR)
Title: 세륨 기반 입자
Inventor: SUDA EISAKU
IPC: C09K3/14
Filed: 2018-06-11
Abstract: 본 발명은 세륨-기반 입자 및 연마용 조성물의 성분으로서 이의 용도에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 또한 세륨-기반 입자의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20200020824-A (KR)
Title: 조성물, 막의 제조 방법 및 광센서의 제조 방법
Inventor: OKAWARA TAKAHIRO
IPC: C09D1/00
Filed: 2018-07-13
Abstract: 굴절률이 작고, 결함의 억제된 막을 제조 가능한 조성물을 제공한다. 또, 막의 제조 방법 및 광센서의 제조 방법을 제공한다. 이 조성물은, 콜로이달 실리카 입자와, 용제를 포함한다. 콜로이달 실리카 입자는, 동적 광산란법에 의하여 측정된 평균 입자경 D 1 이 25~1000nm이며, 또한 평균 입자경 D 1 과, 질소 흡착법에 의하여 측정된 콜로이달 실리카 입자의 비표면적으로부터 산출되는 평균 입자경 D 2 와의 비 D 1 /D 2 가 3 이상이다. 용제는, 비점이 245℃ 이상이며, 용해도 파라미터가 11.3(cal/cm 3 ) 0.5  미만인 용제 A1과, 비점이 120℃ 이상 245℃ 미만이고, 용해도 파라미터가 11.3(cal/cm 3 ) 0.5  이상인 용제 A2를 포함한다.