baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-635217-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in connection with hydraulic control systems
IPC: B23Q35/18
Filed: 1946-08-23
Abstract: 635,217. Fluid-actuated valves. CINCINNATI MILLING MACHINES, Ltd., and TAYLOR, W. W. Aug. 23, 1946, No. 25189. [Class 135] A hydraulic control valve, applicable to the hydraulic control of a profile milling-machine, having an amplifying action and operating to convert a primary pressure differential acting on opposed faces of a spool into a secondary pressure differential acting across spaced rack portions of the spool, is characterized in that the rise of secondary differential pressure is limited to a predetermined multiple of the primary differential pressure within the range of stable amplification. The primary differential, derived from a variable displacement hydraulic motor of poor torque characteristics controlled by a valve influenced by movement of a tracer element over a master template, is applied via the ports 17, 18, to the ends 4 of the spool 1 which then moves, e.g. to the left, so that the ports 14, 23, are opened. Pressure fluid then flows from the connection 16 of a pump circuit, via ports 14, 22 and returns to the circuit via ports 21, 23, 24, thus producing a secondary differential pressure between the necked portions 2 of the spool, this secondary pressure being applied via the ports 21, 22, to a hydraulic boost motor coupled to the variable displacement motor to augment its torque. Projecting from the ends of the spool and abutting the ends 11, 12, of the spool cylinder, are plungers 7 working in cylinders 5, the inner ends of which open into the necked portions 2 via ports 6. The ratio of the plunger cross-section to the end area of the spool, which must not exceed 1 to 10 for stable amplification, determines the ratio of the primary to secondary differentials. When the secondary differential attains the predetermined multiple of the primary differential, it acts on the inner ends of the plungers to reverse the movement of the spool, thus stopping the flow of pressure-fluid producing the secondary differential. Specifications 465,367, 578,883 and 581,148 are referred to.
Patent GB-584356-A (GB)
Title: Spanner wrench
IPC: B25B5/16
Filed: 1944-12-15
Abstract: 584,356. Spanners. CORBETT, J. C. Dec. 15, 1944, No. 25212. Convention date, April 1. [Class 61 (iii)] The arm 1 of a wrench has a collar 2 formed integrally with it in which a handle 3 is rotatably mounted but prevented from moving laterally. The handle 3 is hollow and carries internal threads which engage exterior threads on a sliding bolt 8. The bolt 8 is slidably journalled in the collar 2 and is prevented from rotating by a pin 10 which abuts against a flattened surface 9 of the bolt. The bolt is moved laterally by relative turning of the handle 3 and collar 2. Various types of fitting 14 carrying a pin 13 are adapted to be received and held in the end of the bolt, and in the arm opposite, to engage opposite sides of a nut. The fitting 14 is held in position by means of a spring-pressed ball 16 which engages the pin 13 of the fitting.
Patent GB-259963-A (GB)
Title: Electric discharge tubes and apparatus for producing flashes
IPC: H05B41/32
Filed: 1926-10-11
Abstract: 259,963. Seguin, L., and Seguin, A. Oct. 14, 1925, [Convention date]. Addition to 248,743. Lighting systems. -In apparatus for producing flashes in a discharge tube at predetermined intervals as described in the parent Specification the starting circuit controlled by a synchronizer is connected with auxiliary electrodes mounted inside or outside the tube, and used either alone or in conjunction with the main electrodes. A reflector may form the auxiliary electrode. The auxiliary circuit is preferably controlled in the manner described in Specification 253,101. As shown in Fig. 2 the starting current is applied between an external band 8 and a main electrode 6. A large capacity electrolytic condenser 10 in shunt with the lamp serves to produce a flash at starting, and, owing to the drop in potential at the lamp immediately after the discharge of the condenser, the discharge through the lamp is interrupted. A mercury-vapour lamp may be used with a starting band around the mercury chamber. A 3-phase lamp has three electrodes connected with the phases, and a fourth electrode connected with the neutral wire, a condenser being connected between each of the phase electrodes and the fourth electrode. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 7 a condenser 11 is shunted by a switch 13 and is in series with a switch 12. Both switches are controlled by the synchronizer, and the arrangement is such that, after the lamp has been started by the potential applied to the auxiliary band electrodes 8, 9, the discharge continues until the switch 12 is closed, thereby causing the condenser to be charged. The consequent reduction of potential across the lamp stops the discharge. After a predetermined interval the condenser is discharged by the short-circuiting switch 13.
Patent GB-278697-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for treating tall oil
IPC: C09F1/00
Filed: 1927-09-26
Abstract: 278,697. Oel-und Fett-Chemie Ges., (Assignees of Schultze & Co., A.). Oct. 11, 1926, [Convention date]. Fatty acids, purifying.-Tall-oil (the liquid resin produced in the sodium sulphate process for obtaining cellulose from wood) is separated into fatty acids and resinic acids by being partially esterified, for example by boiling in a reflux apparatus with ethyl alcohol and sulphuric acid, whereby the fatty acids only are esterified. The reaction mixture is neutralized with soda to form resin soaps and is mixed with petroleum ether. On settling an upper layer containing ethyl esters of the fatty acids, and a lower layer containing resin soaps are formed. The ethyl esters may be distilled in steam or in vacuo or may be hydrolyzed to give the fatty acids. The resin soaps may be decomposed by sulphuric acid and the free resinic acids extracted with petroleum ether. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) refers also to separating the constituents of tall-oil by distilling and fractionating the distillate. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-278127-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in carburettors
IPC: F02M21/10
Filed: 1926-07-10
Abstract: 278,127. Whiteman, J. C. July 10, 1926. Vaporizers, external.-The mixture from the carburettor passes through a chamber A having diverging walls, and is heated by exhaust gases or hot water passing through tapering tubes B<1> which converge towards one another from a single inlet pipe D to a single outlet pipe E. A baffle is provided at the side of the chamber A communicating with the induction pipe to ensure that the mixture passes over the heating tubes.
Patent GB-631997-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mechanism for multiplying the propulsive power in bicycles and the like
IPC: B62M3/04
Filed: 1947-09-19
Abstract: 631,997. Crank mechanism. LLOPART, R. S. Sept. 19, 1947, Nos. 25606 and'25607. Convention dates, Oct. 2, 1946, and Aug. 13, 1947. [Class 80 (iii)] [Also in Group XXXI] Mechanism for increasing the propulsive power of bicycles comprises a pair of extensible pedal cranks each comprising two arms 1, 2 connected together by links 5 so as to be capable of relative displacement in order to vary the distance between the pedal axle 4 carried by the arm 1 and the crank shaft 3 on which the arm 2 is mounted, projections 9, 10 being provided on the arm 1 for limiting the maximum and minimum lengths of the cranks and a member 11 on one of the crank arms 2 for fixing a sprocket to cooperate with a bicycle chain. A spring 7 is fixed at one end to a pin 13 which rigidly connects the crank shaft 3 to the arm 2 and at the other end to the projection 9 on the arm 1. The tension of the spring may be varied by varying the distance between the supports 9, 13 by screwing.
Patent GB-744708-A (GB)
Title: Process for recovering sulphuric acid and iron oxide from iron sulphate
IPC: C01B17/90
Filed: 1953-09-17
Abstract: Sulphuric acid and iron oxide are obtained in a single stage from iron sulphate, e.g. such as is obtained by cooling or concentrating exhausted pickling baths, by heating to not less than 600 DEG C. in the presence of water vapour and an oxidizing agent, as defined, in a chamber substantially devoid of air.  The oxidizing agent may be mixed with the water vapour, e.g. hydrogen peroxide, nitrous or nitric acids, or mixed with the iron sulphate, e.g. <PICT:0744708/III/1> barium peroxide, or potassium chlorate.  Ferric or ferrous sulphate may be used with any content of water of crystallization, although the monohydrate is preferred.  Iron sulphate enters heated vessel 1 at 12 and is contacted with a mixture of H2O and HNO3 from vapour generator 2.  The iron oxide, which may be FeO, Fe2O3 or a mixture thereof, may be withdrawn to 11 and reduced therein to iron. Vaporous products from 1 pass to receiver 3 containing hot water or aqueous sulphuric acid.  Since 3 is immediately after vessel 1, the temperature of the absorption liquid therein will be such that the absorbed sulphuric acid is free from nitrous compounds, and water vapour, nitrous or nitric acids, and NO and NO2 will pass on to condenser 4, where unused HNO3 and water vapour are condensed.  Remaining gases are drawn by suction pump 10 through oxidation chamber 5, where they are contacted with air, drawn in at 14, to oxidize NO to NO2, further oxidation chamber 6 and absorption towers 7, 8, 9, where they may be contracted with part of the condensate from condensers 4 which is withdrawn through oxidation chamber 5 at 15.  The condensates from 15 and from towers 7, 8, 9, are recycled to vapour generator 2. Specification 425,291 is referred to.
Patent GB-1519416-A (GB)
Title: Sheet turnover apparatus
IPC: B65G47/252
Filed: 1976-06-22
Abstract: 1519416 Inverting sheets LIBBEY-OWENSFORD CO 22 June 1976 [14 July 1975] 25773/76 Heading B8R Alternate sheets A of glass continuously advanced on laterally spaced endless belts 21 are pivoted about their trailing edge so as to be inverted and fall on to a succeeding sheet B of glass. The pairs of sheets are then bent into windscreens. Lifting arms 30, freely pivoted about shaft 28, engage the leading edge of each sheet A and initiate inversion. The sheet leading edge then engages resilient pads 70 on lowering arms 53 held in a raised position by a fluid pressure motor 75. Upon continued movement of the belts, the sheet forces the arms into a horizontal position where a lever associated with arms 30 actuates a clutch 41 and fluid pressure motor 35 raising arms 30 clear of the sheet. Simultaneously arms 53 are freed from the influence of motor 75. The sheet, now held at its leading edge by rollers 60-63 on arms 53, assumes an over-centre position and levers associated with arms 53 firstly deactivate clutch 41 and motor 35 to release arms 30 for the next cycle, and then reactivate motor 75 to raise arms 53 causing the sheet A to drop on to sheet B. For shorter sheets, a photo-electric device 86, 89 detects when the sheets are vertical and initiates raising of the arms 30.
Patent GB-1236371-A (GB)
Title: Pile fabrics
Inventor: ADAMS GEOFFREY JAMES
IPC: D04H11/04
Filed: 1967-06-05
Abstract: 1,236,371. Making pile fabrics. COURTAULDS Ltd. 3 Sept., 1968 [5 June, 1967], No. 25804/67. Heading D1K. Pile fabric is made by spreading out a tow of continuous filaments, corrugating the sheet so formed, and sticking it to a base fabric of hessian or scrim, which may be previously or subsequently treated with rubber or synthetic resin. Corrugation may be effected by ridged rollers or by a stuffer box crimper, and the tow may be heat set before applying the base fabric. Or metal bars may be assembled above and below the tow to corrugate it the lower bars being withdrawn to allow the adhesive and the base fabric to be applied. Or the tow may be fed continuously to the base fabric and stuck intermittantly so that it forms pile loops between the successive lines of adhesive. The tow may be viscose rayon, nylon, polyester, or polyacrylonitrile. Nylon 6 tow may be attached to nylon 6 scrim by welding.
Patent GB-258134-A (GB)
Abstract: 258,134. Hurrell, G. C. Dec. 10, 1925. Colloidal sols.-Cream of magnesia, is prepared by passing an aqueous suspension of magnesium oxide through a colloid mill at above the normal atmospheric temperature. In one example a 4 per cent aqueous suspension of light amorphous magnesium oxide is preliminarily heated to 90‹ C. for a few minutes and is then passed through a colloid mill of the type described in Specification 214,308, [Class 59, Grinding, crushing, &c.], at such a rate that the suspension is within the coacting surface of the mill for a quarter of a second. The temperature of the suspension during its passage through the mill is raised to boiling-point by the conversion of the kinetic energy of the mill into heat. In a second example, 4 per cent of dense crystalline magnesium oxide is steeped in water at 65‹ C for three or four hours and then passed through the colloid mill, the product being indistinguishable from that obtained by the process first described. The temperature of the water and the duration of the preliminary heating of the oxide therein is varied to suit different types of "light magnesia." The hydration of the magnesium oxide need not be complete on issuing from the mill, as hydration continues during storage and may be accelerated by causing the gel to remain at the raised temperature for several hours or even days. This may be effected by the employment of a storage vessel of large capacity and small radiating surface, or heat may be supplied from an external source.
Patent GB-1260620-A (GB)
Title: System for confirming the validity of repetitively sampled digital data
Inventor: HINKEL ROBERT EDWIN
IPC: H04L1/00
Filed: 1970-05-28
Abstract: 1,260,620. Testing signals. NORTHROP CORP. 28 May, 1970, No. 25845/70. Heading G4H. The validity of a plurality of binary data signals, each on a separate input line 16a-16n is confirmed by testing their duration, in a circuit comprising a sampling gate 20a-20n for each input, a counter 13 enabling the gates in turn, a counter 14 for locking on to a selected one of the inputs, counter 14 advancing in step with counter 13 but being offset from it, a gate 30 controlled by counter 14 repeatedly to sample the selected input and a counter 40 counting successive output pulses from gate 30, each indicating that the selected input has lasted for one cycle of counter 13, counter 40 giving a confirmation signal after a given number of pulses. Counter 13 cycles continuously but counter 14 counts up to "n" and stops in this condition. If an input is present on line 16b gate 20b gives an output when counter 13 is on 2. This output, passing through or gate 27 and gate 30 resets counter 14 so that it can count pulses from generator 12. It is displaced by a count of 2 from counter 13. The signal from gate 30 also passes to counter 40. When counter 13 is next on 2, counter 14 is again on "n" and if the signal is still present on input 16b the output from gate 20b again passes through gates 27 and 30 to step counter 40. When this counter reaches a count of "n" the next output from gate 30 passes through gate 50 to enable output gates 54a-54n passing the inputs on lines 16a-16n as confirmed The confirmation signal resets counters 14 and 40. If the input on line 16b disappears before counter 40 reaches "n" the inverted output from gate 27 enables gate and resets counter 40. After confirming input 16b counter 14 then locks on to the next input carrying a signal.
Patent GB-518827-A (GB)
Title: An improved method of and apparatus for, obtaining fibres from the stalks of flax and other bast plants
IPC: D01B1/24
Filed: 1938-09-05
Abstract: 518,827. Scutching flax &c. DODD, A. E. Sept. 5, 1938. No. 25870. [Class 120 (i)] Scutching or beating apparatus for obtaining fibres from the stalks of flax 'and other bast plants comprises holders for the flax straw supported in a rising and falling channel or the like, means for moving the holders along the channel and at least two beating or scutching units each comprising a rotary beater or scutcher and a fixed stock member, the scutching members of the two units being rotated oppositely to operate on opposite sides of the flax straw which is lowered and raised by the usual rising and falling action of the channel and holders. The general layout of the machine corresponds with that of the well-known vertical-band hackling machine. The holders 4, Fig. 2, are advanced stepwise along the channel 3 which is supported at each end by a strap 5 passing over a pulley 6 and counterweighted at 7. Each scutching unit comprises beaters formed by angle members 13 having scutching edges 13a and extending parallel to the shaft 10 and attached to the outer ends of arms 12 which are radially disposed on two end pulleys or discs 11, Fig. 1. The beaters 13 are also supported by intermediate arms 14.. A grid 15 is provided to prevent the flax lapping round the blades 13. The scutching member is enclosed in a casing comprising end walls 20 and arcuate casings 27, 28 and -provided with a baffle bar 25 and an angle 26 constituting a stock or counter-beater and mounted at the top of the casing 27. In operation the holders are lowered from the dotted position, Fig. 2, to the full line position where the holder 3 abuts against and is supported by the stock 26, and as the holders move down, pause in the lowered position, and then move up again, the point of engagement of the bar 13 moves along the flax stacks. The second unit which acts on the other side of the stalks is identical with but of opposite hand to that shown. Waste falls through the bottom of the casing 30.
Patent GB-1473978-A (GB)
Title: Expanded chamber centrifugal drying apparatus
IPC: F26B17/10
Filed: 1975-06-18
Abstract: 1473978 Drying particulate material FLUID ENERGY PROCESSING & EQUIPMENT CO 18 June 1975 [10 Jan 1975] 25944/75 Heading F4G In a method of drying wet particles by propelling them at 32 into a stream of selectively directed hot gases 26, 28, 30 so that the particles are moved centrifugally through an arcuate path 14, 16, 18 whereby the drier particles are separated and exhausted at 20, the less dry particles are decelerated on contacting the hot gases (in a chamber 12), e.g. by providing a shoulder 22 on the chamber 12 to produce a pressure drop in the chamber. In a modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), a second shoulder (106) bearing a hot gas nozzle (116) faces the shoulder 22 across the chamber 12, and in a further modification, Fig. 5 (not shown), the shoulder (106) carries instead the feed inlet 32.
Patent GB-1142590-A (GB)
Title: Magnetic associative semi-permanent memory system
IPC: G11C15/02
Filed: 1966-06-10
Abstract: 1,142,590. Associative read-only stores. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP. 10 June, 1966 [15 June, 1965], No. 25961/66. Heading G4A. A content addressed read-only binary digital store comprises insulating members 4, 5 having holes 6 formed therein through which ferromagnetic rods 7a are threaded. The magnetic circuit through each rod is completed by way of yokes 8 and a further rod 7b associated with an adjacent word. Conductors 2, 3 on the members 4, 5 are formed in the shape of loops surrounding the holes 6 and connected in series so that by breaking (e.g. punching) the loops at either of two different positions (Figs. 3 and 4) the resulting pattern of conductors at each hole position (including the return leads) either links or does not link inductively with its core. Each stored word comprises a two-loop-per-bit address portion 10 and a one-loop-per-bit information portion 11, the lower loop 3 being shown displaced downwards in Fig. 3 for clarity only. The loops and other conductors are connected as shown. In operation, pulses corresponding to the bits of an address to be searched for are applied to. input windings 12 on the rods 7 of the address portion 10. For each rod 7 a voltage is induced in the series connection, but only in the case of a match between the stored address and the search address are all these voltages in the same sense. A voltage 20 and the initial value of the forward voltage of a diode 19 provide a threshold value so chosen that only in the case of such a complete match will a current flow in the circuit 2a, 3a. The stored information can then be read out by way of output winding 14 on rods 7 of the information portion 11 as a result of the presence or absence of an inductive coupling between these rods and the circuit 2a. A modified arrangement enabling the loops to be spaced closer together is illustrated in Fig. 5 (not shown). A double-loop arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 7 (not shown) and Fig. 6 (not shown) illustrates how mutual stray-capacitive interferences may be reduced by staggering the loops in stacked layer arrangements. A single set of coils 12 may selectively serve either for input or output, the lower circuit 3a in this case extending over the same distance as the upper circuit 2a.
Patent GB-631242-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in making of starch derivatives
IPC: C08B31/04
Filed: 1946-08-29
Abstract: Ungelatinized starch derivatives are obtained by treating ungelatinized starch with a carboxylic acid anhydride in an aqueous alkaline medium of preferably pH 7 to 11.  The derivatives show "non-gel," "increased water absorption" and "inhibited" characteristics depending on the quantity and type of anhydride used. In general, "non-gel" starches are obtained from acetic, propionic, butyric and phthalic anhydrides, "water absorptive" from succinic, maleic, glutaric and citraconic anhydrides these derivatives also having "non-gel" properties and inhibited starches from adipic and azelaic anhydrides.  The starch used may be modified as by e.g. acid hydrolysis to yield "fluidity starches."  Up to 10 per cent by weight of anhydride is preferred per weight of dry starch and alkalies mentioned are sodium, potassium and calcium hydroxides, sodium carbonate and tri-sodium phosphate.  In the preferred method the anhydride is added to an aqueous alkaline suspension of ungelatinized starch.  Other methods are the concurrent addition of aqueous alkali and anhydride to a starch milk; concurrent addition to the reaction vessel of aqueous alkali, anhydride and starch milk, heating a mixture of anhydride and commercially dry starch (containing about 5 to 20 per cent moisture) which has been treated with trisodium phosphate.  Derivatives of anhydrides such as chloro-maleic anhydride may be used alone or mixed with anhydrides and acids such as citric acid may be used in conjunction with a dehydrating chemical such as acetic anhydride, acetyl chloride and thionyl chloride, in which case the corresponding acid anhydride is produced.  The derivatives obtained may be after-treated as by e.g. chlorination with sodium hypochlorite solution.  The products may be used as sizes in the textile and paper trades, and in the adhesive and food industries. In examples, "non - gelling" starches are produced by treating corn starch with 2 per cent sodium hydroxide solution and (1) and (2) acetic anhydride, (6) maleic anhydride followed by sodium hypochlorite and (7) phthalic anhydride, (3) by the concurrent addition of propionic anhydride and 3 per cent sodium hydroxide to corn starch milk, (4) and (5) from 20 fluidity starch by treatment with maleic and acetic anhydrides, (8) and (9) from corn starch by treatment with succinic anhydride and 3 per cent sodium hydroxide, sodium succinate formed being removed at the halfway stage because it buffers the reaction, (14) and (15) heating a mixture of corn starch with either acetic or succinic anhydride and trisodium phosphate, "water absorptive" by (7), (8), (9), (14), (15) and (10) from tapioca starch on treatment with chloro-maleic anhydride and 3 per cent sodium hydroxide, and "inhibited" by waxy maize starch and 3 per cent sodium hydroxide and (11) adipic anhydride, (12) mixed succinic and acetic anhydrides, (13) from high-grade tapioca starch with 3 per cent sodium hydroxide and adipic or citric acid in acetic anhydride and (16) by heating waxy-maize starch with adipic anhydride and trisodium phosphate.