Patent GB-474229-A (GB)
Title: A process for manufacturing cleansing, wetting out, foaming, dispersing, equalising and bleaching agents and treatment baths for the textile, leather and similar industries
IPC: C07F5/04
Filed: 1936-02-27
Abstract: Products stated to have wetting, cleansing, foaming, dispersing, levelling, softening, and bleaching properties are obtained by the sulphonation of esters which contain one or more monoesterified radicals of a boron or phosphorus containing acid and which are derived from a polyhydric alcohol and a higher alcohol or fatty acid having more than six carbon atoms.  The products may in addition contain polyesterified radicles of a boron or phosphorus containing acid and may be treated with inorganic peroxides.  The higher alcohol may be united, by etherification with the polyhydric alcohol or, by esterification to the acid of phosphorus or boron.  Both acids of boron and phosphorus may be present or acids of both trivalent and pentavalent phosphorus.  For the esterification, boron and phosphorus acids containing halogen may be employed.  The higher alcohols, which may be elaidinized may be primary, secondary or tertiary and contain substituents such as halogen atoms or acyl or ether groups.  The polyhydric alcohols may be partly etherified provided they contain two free hydroxy groups; polyglycol and polyglycerol are suitable. The products may be used in the textile, leather and paper industries and readily emulsify hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols and terpenes.  Emulsions of whale oil made with the products are suitable for fat liquoring in the treatment of leather. In examples:  (1) coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride is esterified with boric acid, sulphonated and neutralized; the product may be treated with sodium peroxide; (2) the product is employed in association with a mixture of coconut oil and palm kernel oil soap as a detergent; (3) the same product in association with the product of example 8 of Specification 452,508 is used to emulsify olein, a mineral oil or neat's foot oil; the emulsion being suitable for oiling viscose artificial silk or oiling wool or cotton before spinning; (4) stearin alcohol is esterified with phosphorus trichloride and the ester further treated first with glycol and then with phosphorus trichloride before being finally sulphonated and neutralized; the product may be treated with sodium perborate; (5) cetyl alcohol is esterified with boric acid, the ester further treated with glycerol and phosphorus trichloride and finally sulphonated and neutralized; the product is used for softening cellulose acetate or viscose artificial silk; (6) oleic monoglyceride is esterified with boric acid, sulphonated and neutralized; the product may be used alone or with coconut oil soap for washing wool; with caustic soda it is suitable for scouring raw cotton and it has a levelling effect in dyeing with acid dyestuffs; products derived from monoglycerides of elaidinic acid, chlor-2-stearic acid, dichlor-9 : 10-stearic acid or brom-12-octadecenic-9-acid have similar properties; (7) the monoglycol ester of stearic acid is esterified with phosphorus oxychloride and the product further treated with ethylene-diglycol and boric acid before sulphonation; mixtures of fatty acids and fat alcohols obtained by the saponification of waxes or incomplete reduction of fatty acids may also be used as starting material; (8) a mixture of fatty acid and alcohol obtained from spermaceti is treated with phosphorus trichloride, glycol and boric acid and is finally sulphonated and neutralized; wax alcohols such as cholesterol and isocholesterol from wool fat may also be used as starting materials; (9) the product of example 1 is used to form an aqueous solution of trichlorethylene which may be used for removing grease spots.ALSO:Products stated to have cleansing and dispersing properties are obtained by the sulphonation of esters which contain one or more monoesterified radicals of a boron or phosphorus containing acid, and which are derived from a polyhydric alcohol and a higher alcohol or fatty acid having more than six carbon atoms. The products may in addition contain polyesterified radicles of a boron or phosphorus containing acid, and may be treated with inorganic peroxides.  The higher alcohol may be united, by etherification with the polyhydric alcohol or by esterification to the acid of phosphorus or boron.  Both acids of boron and phosphorus may be present or acids of both trivalent and pentavalent phosphorus. For the esterification boron and phosphorus acids containing halogen may be employed.  The higher alcohols, which may be elaidinized, may be primary, secondary or tertiary and contain substituents such as halogen atoms or acyl or ether groups.  The polyhydric alcohols may be partly etherified provided they contain two free hydroxy groups; polyglycol and polyglycerol are suitable.  The products readily emulsify hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols and terpenes.  Emulsions of whale oil made with the products are suitable for fat liquoring in the treatment of leather.  In examples: (1) coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride is esterified with boric acid, sulphonated and neutralized; the product may be heated with sodium peroxide; (2) the product is employed in association with a mixture of coconut oil and palm kernel oil soap as a detergent; (3) the same product in association with the product of example 8 described in Specification 452,508 is used to emulsify olein, a mineral oil or neat's foot oil; the emulsion being suitable for oiling viscose artificial silk or oiling wool or cotton before spinning; (4) stearin alcohol is esterified with phosphorus trichloride and the ester further treated first with glycol and then with phosphorus trichloride before being finally sulphonated and neutralized; the product may be treated with sodium perborate; (5) cetyl alcohol is esterified with boric acid, the ester further treated with glycerol and phosphorus trichloride and finally sulphonated and neutralized; (6) oleic monoglyceride is esterified with boric acid, sulphonated and neutralized; products derived from monoglycerides of elaidinic acid, chlor-2-stearic acid, dichlor-9 : 10-stearic acid or brom-12-octadecemic-9-acid have similar properties; (7) the monoglycol ester of stearic acid is esterified with phosphorus oxychloride and the product further treated with ethylenediglycol and boric acid before sulphonation; mixtures of fatty acids and fat alcohols obtained by the saponification of waxes or incomplete reduction of fatty acids may also be used as starting material; (8) a mixture of fatty acid and alcohol obtained from spermaceti is treated with phosphorus trichloride, glycol and boric acid and is finally sulphonated and neutralized; wax alcohols such as cholesterol and isocholesterol from wool fat may also be used as starting materials; (9) the product of example 1 is used to form an aqueous solution of trichlorethylene which may be used for removing grease spots.