Patent GB-1481802-A (GB)
Title: Internal combustion engines
IPC: F01L7/16
Filed: 1973-09-07
Abstract: 1481802 IC engine rotary valves CROSS Mfg CO (1938) Ltd 9 Sept 1974 [7 Sept 1973] 42104/73 Heading FIB In a rotary valve controlling the inlet to and exhaust from the combustion chamber of an I.C. engine via an opening in the valve housing and comprising a valve rotor rotatably mounted within the valve housing and subjected to a controlled loading such that a proportion of the combustion force is used to provide a self-adjusting, substantially no-clearance seal between the valve rotor and its housing and wherein the combustion force tending to lift the valve rotor from the opening is counteracted by an opposing force of at least 8% in excess of the lifting force, a copious amount of lubricant is supplied to the interface between the valve rotor and the housing at a location after the valve rotor has passed the opening to lubricate and cool the valve rotor, excess lubricant being removed from the valve rotor before it passes over the opening. The valve is of the type in which the upper part 3, Fig. 1, of the valve housing is hinged about a pin 6 to the lower part 4, the reaction  from the combustion being taken by a beam 10 supported by pillars 8 and bearing against the valve housing part 3 at a point C offset at a distance Y from the pin 6 whereby the downward reaction B exceeds the combustion force A by 8% to 15%. The means for removing the excess lubricant from a cylindrical valve rotor may comprise a lip 13, Fig. 8, surrounding the opening 14 into the combustion chamber and upstanding by 1/300 to 1/1000 of the rotor diameter. The lip may be formed by an insert fitted into a relieved area 15 of the lower part of the valve housing and bevelled at 16. Instead, the lip 13 may be an integral part of the valve housing and surrounded by a relieved area (12), Fig. 9 (not shown), the depth of which may taper to zero in the direction away from the lip. In the case of a cylindrical or, as shown in Fig. 16, a spherical valve rotor 29, the seal around the opening 32 into the combustion chamber may comprise an insert 38 having a spiral groove 35 containing a continuous seal strip 36 which may be resilient and, when released before insertion into the groove, extending generally in a single plane, Fig. 17 (not shown). Packing strips 37 are provided. The depth of the groove 35 may vary from a maximum near the opening 32 to a minimum at the other end. Oil supply and drainage passages 40, 41 may be provided. As shown in Fig. 19, the strip 36 bears against the valve rotor 29 with a sharp edge to effect sealing and remove excess lubricant. The single spiral groove may be replaced by a series of concentric grooves. The strip 36 may be omitted, the groove 35 then forming a labyrinth seal. The groove may be inclined to, or parallel with, the axis of rotation. Removal of excess lubricant from a cylindrical valve rotor 43, may be effected by a scraper 49, Fig. 20, urged against the rotor by springs 50. The removed lubricant passes via a slot 57 and holes 55 in the scraper and a non-return valve 54 to a drain passage 56. The removal may be assisted by a vacuum pump. The slot 57 and holes 55 in the scraper may be replaced by grooves (58), Figs. 23, 24 (not shown) in the valve housing.