baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-456356-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to sliding windows
IPC: B63B19/00
Filed: 1935-05-08
Abstract: 456,356. Window regulators ; ships' windows; glazing. STONE & CO., Ltd., J., Deptford, London, and COTTER, E. W., 34, Croham Valley Road, South Croydon. May 8, 1935, No. 13572. [Class 20 (iii)] A rack - operated sliding window particularly for vehicles or ships is provided with racks, parts of which d<1> are secured detachably, e.g. by pivoting to the remainder d to facilitate reglazing. The racks, the lower ends of which are secured to a carrier c, slide in inner guides p which are pivoted to the frame and locked by pins n in normal working position as described in Specification 442,089. When applied to two adjacent windows one guide b<2> serves for both edges and is pivoted at the base at q and secured by a bolt r at the top. The racks have wedge - surfaces d<4>, d<5>, cooperating with inclines on the frame to bed the panel in the closed position and are provided with projections d<3> engaging the top of the panel. Specification 381,592 is referred to in the Provisional Specification.
Patent GB-833719-A (GB)
Title: Process of treating gold bearing residues
IPC: C22B11/08
Filed: 1957-04-29
Abstract: In the recovery of gold from material containing gold and iron by roasting the material at a temperature of 500-1600 DEG  F. and treating the roasted material with an aqueous leaching solution, e.g. of a cyanide for the extraction of the gold, the residue from the leaching step is heated to a temperature which is higher than the maximum roasting temperature and which is at least 1000 DEG  C., and the heat-treated residue is treated with an aqueous leaching solution, e.g. an aqueous solution of sodium cyanide and lime, for the further extraction of gold.  The heating is preferably effected at a temperature of 1650-2200 DEG  F., more preferably 1800-2150 DEG F.  The residue may be roasted before the heating step.  The residue is preferably pelleted before the heating step. Heating may be effected for a period of 30 minutes.  The heat-treated residue may be cooled in the air and crushed so that at least 90% passes through a 200 mesh screen before leaching. The residue after the second leaching may be subjected to heating and leaching for still further extraction of gold.  Two examples are given.  Specification 833,718 is referred to.
Patent GB-506956-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in covered and uncovered rubber threads
IPC: B29D99/00
Filed: 1938-05-06
Abstract: 506,956. Elastic yarns and fabrics; rubber threads. SPENCER, W. M. May 6, 1938, No. 13609. [Classes 120 (iii) and 142 (iv)] [Also in Group V] A rubber thread has a non-polygonal cross section formed by a body portion and one or more substantially longitudinal fins of asymmetrical cross-section dimensioned and proportioned in relation to the body portion so as to be bent back upon the body portion by the application of covering yam applied under normal tension or by other yarns when used uncovered in a woven fabric ; the body portion is not substantially indented by the covering yam and the bent back fins function as springs and prevent the covering yarn or other yarns from slipping on the rubber thread. The fins 21, Fig. 5, extend tangentially from the body portion 20 of the thread and when bent back on the body portion by the covering thread 23, air spaces 26 are left between the covering yarn and the body portion ; similar air spaces 26, Fig. 6, are formed when the thread is used in a fabric and the fins are bent back by other yarns 22 of the fabric.
Patent GB-1103361-A (GB)
Title: Calorimeter apparatus
IPC: G01N25/36
Filed: 1966-03-28
Abstract: 1,103,361. Measuring calorific value electrically. H.B. BREEDLOVE. March 28, 1966, No.13609/66. Heading G1N. The calorific value of combustible gas fed through a pipe 17, Fig. 1, to a burner 12 is measured by automatically controlling at 15 the flow by means of a valve 16 to maintain constant the temperature differential between thermocouples 13, 14 which measure respectively the temperatures of the combustion products and of the air supply 18, the thermal input rate to the burner being thereby maintained constant; and by measuring the variations in gas flow-rate with a flowmeter 21, this being inversely proportional to the calorific value of the gas. A greater accuracy of measurement is achieved by controlling the air supply to the burner by means of an arrangement Fig. 2 (not shown) which allows for variations of absolute temperature and pressure. In order to maintain a constant rate of thermal input to a large gas furnace (51), Fig. 3 (not shown) irrespective of variations in calorific value of the gas supply (41), a sample of the gas is taken (43) to a measuring arrangement as described, the output of the flowmeter (21) of which is used (47) to control the flow of gas in the main supply pipe (42) to the furnace (51). The main gas flow is further controlled by a thermocouple (49) associated with a heat exchanger (52) in the furnace so that long term constancy of the furnace temperature is achieved. The rate of thermal input may be indicated, alternatively, by an arrangement Fig. 4 (not shown), in which a sample of the gas in the main pipe (60) is taken to a measuring arrangement as described, the output signal (67) of which is mathematically divided (at 63) into a signal from a differential pressure gauge (68) situated across an aperture in the main pipe (60) representing mass flow of the gas therein. The result of the dividing operation is square rooted (at 64), to allow for the square law characteristics of the flowmeters (66, 68) and the output represents, for example, B.T.U. per minute. In a further embodiment Fig. 5 (not shown) variations in calorific value of a test gas in a pipe (84) are measured by detecting the change in flowrate of a known gas, such as methane, flowing in a second pipe (83), required to maintain a constant rate of thermal input to a burner (12) to which the two gases are supplied after being mixed (at 82).
Patent GB-987517-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to water-closet pans
IPC: E03D11/02
Filed: 1963-04-05
Abstract: 987,517. Water-closet pans. ARMITAGE EXCELSIOR Ltd., and G. D. SHAW. March 2, 1964 [April 5, 1963], No. 13648/63. Heading E1C. A water-closet pan 10 is formed above the water line 11 therein with a shelf, e.g. in the form of a ledge 12, to entrap a specimen of the urine discharged from a person sitting thereon. The ledge 12 may be used to support a removable container for the urine. The pan 10 may be supported on the floor by a pedestal 15 or by a metal support on which it is mounted, or it may be supported by a load-bearing wall.
Patent GB-689436-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of organohalogenosilanes
IPC: C07F7/12
Filed: 1951-06-08
Abstract: Organohalosilanes are prepared by heating an orgaono-aluminium halide in admixture with a silicon tetrahalide or an organohalogenosilane containing 2 or 3 halogen atoms attached to the silicon atom.  The reaction temperature may be between about 50 DEG  and 500 DEG  C. The reaction may also be conducted in a closed vessel.  Trialkyl- or triaryl-monohalogenosialnes may be prepared by the above process.  In the examples methyltrichloro-, dimethyldichloro-, and trimethylchloro-silanes are prepared.
Patent GB-585703-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric accumulators
IPC: H01M10/18
Filed: 1944-07-19
Abstract: 585,703. Storage batteries. SCHMIDT, W. G. July 19, 1944, No. 13795. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Dec. 30, 1944.] [Class 53] An accumulator comprises a number of bipolar electrodes, each consisting of a lead sheet embedded in an insulating grating which is connected to a surrounding frame into which the edges of the lead sheet are cast. Fig. 1 shows an electrode consisting of a sheet 1 of lead on each side of which a non-conducting grating 2 is cast. As shown on the right-hand side of Fig. 1 the gratings are connected to a frame 4, or they may be joined to a frame 10 which is inserted in the frame 4. Positive and negative active material is inserted in the gratings on opposite sides of the lead sheet which is cast in the surrounding frames. The frames are provided with cooling fins 9 and with grooves 6 which as shown in Fig. 2 are wider at the top and bottom than at the sides and are connected through openings 7 with the electrolyte space 8 between the plates. Large plates may be divided into a number of smaller units each provided with its frame 10, the frame 4 being formed with ribs to form a number of openings to receive the separate units. When the plates are stacked one against another the electrolyte of each cell is contained between the plates and in the channels 6. The Specification also describes a construction in which the walls 5 of the frames 4, and the channels 6, are omitted, the frames being provided with vertical guiding blades or ribs to cause circulation of electrolyte.
Patent GB-637994-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to flexible hose couplings
IPC: F16L33/207
Filed: 1946-05-07
Abstract: 637,994. Hose couplings. MELSOM, W. A., and BOWDEN (ENGINEERS), Ltd. May 7, 1946, No. 13796. [Class 99(i)] In a hose end fitting the hose is clamped between an insert 2 and a sleeve 1 by producing at intervals around its periphery a number of rounded dents 6. The dents may be in a plurality of annular series, in staggered order round an annular zone, or formed on a fine pitch helix. Specifications 540,490, 553,867, 606,810, 606,873, 637.995, [Group XXII], and 638,011 are referred to.
Patent GB-1038245-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to macromolecular carbohydrates and their derivatives
IPC: D06M15/09
Filed: 1964-04-03
Abstract: Aqueous solutions of water-soluble macromolecular carbohydrates which have been treated with aldehydes and dried are made by introducing said water-soluble carbohydrates into water and thereafter, or after moistening said carbohydrates with water, the pH value of the solvent water is shifted into the alkaline region by the addition of an alkali.  This may be effected by addition of alkaline-reacting substances, which are admixed dry with the macromolecular carbohydrates before the said carbohydrates are introduced into water. Specified water-soluble macromolecular carbohydrates include methyl cellulose, ethoxycellulose, methyl ethoxy cellulose, ethyl ethoxy cellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose, carboxy ethyl cellulose, methyl carboxy methyl cellulose, ethyl carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose, sulphomethyl cellulose, swelling starch, dextrin, methyl starch, carboxy methyl starch, pectin, carrageenin, tragacanth, carob meal, and guar meal.  Reaction with aldehydes may be effected in the presence of weak acids, usually formic acid. Specified alkalis include caustic soda, caustic potash, calcium hydroxide, baryta, sodium and potassium carbonates, borax, alkali metal phosphates, alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids, e.g. sodium formate, potassium acetate, sodium benzoate, ammonia and amines.  Alkaline substances suitable for pre-mixing with the macro-molecular carbohydrate include calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, and satin white (CaSO4 2H2O).  Swelling starch may also be used.  Examples describe the treatment of methyl cellulose, carboxy methylcellulose, swelling starch and guar meal first with glyoxal and then with ammonia, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, swelling statch, or trisodium phosphate.
Patent GB-987813-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to short-circuiting switches
IPC: H05B39/10
Filed: 1963-04-08
Abstract: 987,813. Series lamp systems; cut-outs. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. April 8, 1963 [April 11, 1962], No. 13889/63. Headings H2G and H2H. To improve the breakdown reliability of a short circuiting switch of the type in which a tubular aluminium carrier 35 having an electrically-oxidized (insulating) surface 36 is electrically connected to one conductor 31 and has turns 37 of the other conductor 32 wound upon it, the spaces 38 between the turns and the carrier surface are filled with a mass of silver particles of not more than 1 micron in diameter. The filling mass, which is preferably in the form of a suspension containing an organic binder, is preferably subjected to thermal treatment after filling, and a sealed insulating cover 39 for the turns and mass may be provided. The conductor 32 may be of angular or flattened cross-section. The switch may be connected in parallel with an incandescent lamp forming part of a series-connected lamp circuit, Fig. 1 (not shown).
Patent GB-377767-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to furnaces of gas-producer type for firing steam boilers and like apparatus
IPC: C10J3/76
Filed: 1931-05-12
Abstract: 377,767. Gas producer furnaces. WOLLASTON, T. R., Bank of England Chambers, Tib Lane, Manchester. May 12, 1931, No. 13995. [Classes 51 (i) and 55 (i).] In a gas producer furnace for firing horizontally-flued steam generators, of the kind described in Specification 305,288, [Class 51 (i), Furnaces and kilns, Combustion apparatus of], the producer is formed with hollow side walls b with which are connected hollow cross members c, c<1> to form a low-pressure boiler which supplies, through a pipe q, steam or vapour for saturating the primary air supplied to the producer. The gas generated is burnt in mouthpieces s with secondary air which is preheated in a chamber h<3> behind the rear wall f of the fuel chamber and enters the mouthpieces s through inclined passages u. The primary and secondary air are both supplied by a fan g through a pipe h fitted with a valve g<1>, the primary air entering the producer below the grate j and the secondary air passing to the preheating chamber h<3> by side conduits h<2>; the division of the total air between the primary and secondary supplies is controlled by a damper k. The complete structure is mounted on wheels v. The rocking grate may be replaced by a chain grate or a mechanically operated step grate, while a further construction is described in which the low-pressure boiler element c is replaced by a similar element forming the rear wall f of the fuel chamber. Several producers may be combined in a single unit as shown in Fig. 6, the adjacent producers being separated by hollow walls b which are connected up to continuous cross members c, c<1> to form the low-pressure boiler.
Patent GB-1183677-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for Wet Screening Solid Particles.
IPC: B07B1/00
Filed: 1968-03-22
Abstract: 1,183,677. Wet separating. STAMICARBON N.V. 22 March, 1968 [25 March, 1967], No. 14034/68. Headings B1D and B2H. Apparatus for wet separating loose solid material, e.g. plastics granulate, into fractions according to size comprises a screening deck 4 formed by longitudinally inclined bars 5 which are clamped at their upper ends and free at their lower ends and on top of which the material to be screened is fed with liquid at the upper end of the deck, and a partition wall 9 extending downwardly from a position spaced from the bars near the lower end of the deck for separating material which discharges through the deck from material which discharges off its lower end, the wall 9 being so placed that liquid dripping from the lower extremities of the bars falls to the same side of the wall as material discharging between the bars whereby any undersize fraction material entrained with the water is not discharged with the oversize fraction material. The material is pumped with water into a compartment A through a feed opening 15 and flows over the top end of the deck, the undersize and oversize fractions being collected in compartments B and C respectively. The bars which are circular in cross-section, and which may be solid or tubular, diverge from one another in the direction from the upper to the lower end of the deck so that the deck is self-cleaning. The bars are preferably curved back at their lower extremities as at 16. In the latter case, the downstream end regions of the bars may extend beyond the partition wall 9. The side walls 2, 3 of the apparatus may be divergent or, as shown, they may be fitted with divergent guides 12, 13 to prevent material falling between the side walls and the outermost bars.
Patent GB-1378217-A (GB)
Title: Digital indicator and measuring apparatus equipped with a digital  indicator
IPC: G01G23/16
Filed: 1972-03-24
Abstract: 1378217 Selective signalling SOC ANON FRANCHISE DU FERODO 24 March 1972 [25 March 1971] 14050/72 Headings G4D D7X D6Y D6C1 and D6C2 A digital indicator has a display pulse counter, and an auxiliary counter connected in shunt with the display counter under the control of a reversing switch operated by a comparator receiving the outputs of the auxiliary counter and of a reference unit. Measurement pulses are supplied to the auxiliary counter until its count equals a value specified by the reference unit after which the subsequent pulses are supplied to the display counter. Thus an effective subtraction is performed on the display count. The reference unit may be manual switches, or a store fed from the auxiliary counter in a preceding zero-setting phase during which the auxiliary counter receives all the pulses. The pulses may come from an oscillator via a gate held open between when a falling ramp equals an analogue voltage to be digitized and when it equals zero. Alternatively, the analogue voltage may charge an integrating capacitor for a fixed time, the capacitor then being discharged at a fixed rate during which clockpulses are passed through a gate. Alternatively, the pulses to be counted may come from a voltage-to-frequency converter via a gate held open for a fixed time. To eliminate a small zero error, in the zero-setting phase mentioned above n/2 pulses may be effectively subtracted from the auxiliary counter using another auxiliary counter &c. The display counter in this case is preceded by a divide-by-n circuit. By taking the median output of the divide-by-n circuit, the effective subtraction of n/2 from the auxiliary counter can be rendered redundant. To permit a negative display when the voltage being measured decreases from the value used in the zero-setting phase, an extra switch &c. may be provided whereby, when the end of the measurement phase is reached before equality in the comparator, pulses continue to pass to the display counter and also to the auxiliary counter from the end of the measurement until the comparator indicates equality. The sign can be derived by logic controlled by the chronological order of the equality signals from the comparator and the end of measurement. The input analogue voltage may come from a pick-up for force, torque, pressure or weight. The zero-setting phase may be used for tare subtraction, or drift correction.
Patent GB-847440-A (GB)
Title: "improvements relating to photographic mirror-objective cameras provided with diaphragms"
IPC: G03B9/08
Filed: 1958-05-02
Abstract: 847,440. Photographic cameras. OPTISCHE INDUSTRIE DE OUDE DELFT N. V. May 2, 1958 [May 2, 1957], No. 14094/58. Classes 97(1) and 98(1) A diaphragm for a mirror photographic objective consists of blades rotating about axis which lie in a plane to which the optical axis of the objective is normal. In one form (Figs. 1 and 2, not shown) the axis of rotation of the blades are parallel to provide a venetian blind arrangement in which adjacent blades are contra-rotated by two tie-rods. As shown, the axis of rotation extend radially with respect to the optical axis of mirror objective 6, 7, 8. The diaphragm 3 has tapering blades 14, 19 mounted on spindles 13 between fixed concentric rings 4 and 5. The spindles have cranked end portions 15 co-operating with rotatable cam 18 so that adjacent blades are rotated in opposite directions. Shutter 12 controls the exposure at image receiving surface 9. Alternatively, the diaphragm may be arranged to act as a shutter and may thus be provided with blades which overlap when closed and which rapidly move to a pre-set position on operation of the shutter release. Light shields 10 and 11 are provided.
Patent GB-805496-A (GB)
Title: Automatic arc welding
IPC: B23K9/073
Filed: 1955-05-17
Abstract: 805,496. Automatic control systems for arcwelding. HIRSCHMANN, F. May 17, 1956 [May 17, 1955; July 23, 1955], Nos. 14219/55 and 21385/55. Class 38 (4). [Also in Group XXII] The support for an electric arc welding electrode is automatically adjusted to follow the contour of the workpiece as it is moved beneath it. In an embodiment for a non-consumable electrode (tungsten or carbon) shielded by an inert gas, the voltage between the support 4 and the workpiece 2 is applied to the control windings 152, 162, 172, 182 of an opposed pair of full-wave rectifying self-saturating magnetic amplifiers 10, 11 which supply a split field motor 5 adjusting the support 4. The voltage applied to these windings is opposed by a reference voltage derived from a constant voltage transformer 22 and rectifier 21. Alternatively the reference voltage may be derived from a non-linear bridge. The reference voltage may be adjusted by potentiometer 20. The amplifiers 10, 11 also include bias windings 153, 163, 173, 183 by which the working point is pre-set. The responses to lowering and raising may be made different. For striking the arc, a relay 25 responsive to the high open-circuit voltage of the arc supply inserts a resistance 27 (filament lamp) into the control circuit and so causes the support 4 to be lowered. Pushbuttons 31, 32 short-circuiting the A.C. windings of the amplifiers 10, 11 provide manual control, and limit switches 35, 36 check excessive movement of the support 4. For use with A.C. welding, a rectifier is added to the control circuit and the motor 5 may be replaced by a pair of stepping relays actuating a ratchet motor. In a modification for use in a selfstabilizing arc system in which a continuous wire electrode is fed at a constant speed, the wire feed gun is substituted for the electrode support 4. In another modification for use in a system of the kind in which the rate of electrode feed is controlled in accordance with arc voltage, the electrode feed gun is made to follow the contour of the workpiece by control in accordance with rate of electrode feed instead of the voltage between electrode holder and workpiece. The control signal is derived either from a tachometer generator driven by the electrode feed, or from the voltage applied to the electrode feed motor. The feed gun positioning control system is given a longer time-constant than the electrode feed control system. Specification 529,420 is referred to.
Patent GB-1001609-A (GB)
Title: A process for the preparation of valerolactam, oanantholactam or dodecyllactam
Filed: 1962-04-12
Abstract: Valerolactam, oenantholactam and dodecyllactam are prepared by reacting the corresponding cycloalkane carboxylic acid and/or a derivative thereof with a nitrosation agent in the presence of sulphuric acid.  Sulphur trioxide may also be present. Derivatives which may be used are the salts, esters and anhydrides of the acids or the cycloalkane carbohalogenides, carbonamides and carbonitriles. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 940,255 and 948,544.
Patent GB-1250237-A (GB)
IPC: B60B/
Filed: 1969-03-18
Abstract: 1,250,237. Pneumatic tyres. MICHELIN & CIE COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABS MICHELIN. 18 March, 1969 [18 March, 1968; 20 Jan., 1969], No. 14267/69. Heading B7C. A pneumatic-tyre tread has circumferential grooves 6-11 of the same cross-section at all points along their length bounding ribs 1-5 of greater width than height, the bisector D of at least one of said grooves being inclined to the surface of the tread at an angle E of less than 90 degrees and more than 45 degrees, the bisectors of neighbouring grooves being either parallel to each other or inwardly convergent towards each other. In one arrangement, the inclination of the bisectors of successive grooves varies in the same direction with respect to the mid-circumferential plane from one tread edge to the other. In a modification, the inclination of the bisectors varies progressively from one tread edge to the other from a maximum in one direction with respect to said plane to a maximum in the other.