baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CS-229254-B1 (CS)
Inventor: TOMAS IVAN RNDR CSC
IPC: G06K7/08
Filed: 1979-06-29
Abstract: Způsob a zařízení pro čtení informace z
pamětí s magnetickými bublinovými doménami
s alespoň dvěma stabilními stavy, které
odpovídají alespoň dvěma stabilním velikostem
magnetických bublinových domén
a/nebo alespoň dvěma stabilním polohám
magnetických bublinových domén v závislosti
na záznamovém magnetickém poli v oblasti
magnetických bublinových domén. Vynález
patří do oboru magnetických bublinových
domén, jež slouží jako magnetická paměťová
média používaná ve výpočetní technice
a řeší problém zvýšení hodnoty čtecího
napětí inad úroveň rušivých signálů. Čtení
informace uložené v paměťovém místě
magnetického média s magnetickými bublinovými
doménami se provádí změnou světelného
toku procházejícího nezacloněnou
částí magnetických bublinových domén, jejichž
velikost a/nebo lokální poloha je dočasně
změněna čtecím pulsem lokálního
magnetického pole, vlivem čehož se překlopí
polarizační rovina světla při jeho průchodu
nezacloněnou částí magnetických bublinových
domén a změní se velikost světelného
toku. Změna se indikuje jediným fotočidlem.
Vynález je využitelný zejména ve výpočetní
technice,
Patent CS-231250-B1 (CS)
Inventor: VASS FRANTISEK
IPC: C07D211/58
Filed: 1983-07-04
Abstract: Vynález sa týká póly{etylén-2-(2,2,6,6-
-tetrametyl-4-piperidylamino)butándionátuJ
a spOsobu jeho přípravy. Podstatou vynéle--
zu je póly {etylén-2-(2,2,6,6-tetrametyl-
-4-piperidyIanino)butándionátj vzorca I
kde a je 2 až 100. Podstatou vynálezu je
dalej spftsob přípravy zlúčeniny vzorca I,
ktorý sa vyznačuje tým, že sa na zlúčeninu
vzorca II uvedenú Sálej, pfisobí zlúčeninou
vzorca III uvedenou dalej v dimetylformamide,
dimetylaulfoxide alebo chloroforme ze
mieSenia 4 až 8 pri teplote 60 až 80 °C.
Vynález má použitie v chémii polymérov pre
přípravu poiymérneho světelného stabilizátore
polymérov.
Patent CS-267392-B1 (CS)
Inventor: KONTSEK PETER RNDR CSC
IPC: C12N5/00
Filed: 1988-07-22
Abstract: Riešenie sa týká myšieho lymfocytárneho
hybridómu produkujúceho protilátku voči l’udskému
leukocytárnemu acidolabilnému interferónu
alfa, uloženého v zbierke hybridómov Virologického
ústavu SAV v Bratislavě pod
označením VÚ IFN AL6. Monoklonálna protilátka
hybridómu VÚ IFN AL6 je vhodná na
stanovenie přítomnosti acidolabilného interferónu
alfa na základe inhibície jeho biologickej
aktivity v interferón-neutralizačných testoch.
Monoklonálna protilátka je vhodná aj na přípravu
sér Specifických k myšiemu imunoglobulínu
podtriedy IgG2a.
Patent CS-236527-B1 (CS)
Inventor: DYKAST KAREL
IPC: H03K3/64
Filed: 1983-08-18
Abstract: Vynález řeší problém spolehlivé synchronizace
se stálou časovou přesností mezi
testovanou deskou s vyjmutým mikroprocesorem,
ale osazenou generátorem taktovacích
impulsů a mezi testovacím zařízením.
Podstata vynálezu spočívá v tom, že vnitřní
časoměrný oscilátor testovacího zařízení
je dolačovén pomocí fázového závěsu
tak, aby mezi vnějšími taktovacími impulsy
a mezi vhodně vydělenými impulsy časoměrného
oscilátoru byl co nejmenší fázový rozdíl.
Vydělenými impulsy se synchronizuje vnější
spouštěcí signál z řídícího počítače a
takto spuštěný generátor stimulů pak
generuje impulsy, jejichž hrany nají
přesné a stálé časové nastavení vzhledem
k vnějším taktovacím impulsům.
Vynález je určen zejména pro testovací
zařízení, které zkouší desky osazené_ mikroprocesorovými obvody nebo jinými
číslicovými obvody dynamického typu.
Patent CS-254448-B1 (CS)
Inventor: VRANA MILAN
IPC: C07C211/45
Filed: 1986-08-19
Abstract: Řešení se týká způsobu přípravy čistého
3-aminofenolu ze surového produktu vyrobeného
alkalickým tavením 3-aminobenzensulfonové kyseliny.
Podstatou je vykyselení rozpuštěného aminu
anorganickou kyselinou, nejlépe chlorovodíkovou.
3-aminofenol se používá jako polotovar při výrobě
léčiv, herbicidů a barviv.
Patent CS-213169-B1 (CS)
Inventor: KEKENAK JAN
IPC: C10M171/02
Filed: 1980-11-04
Abstract: Vynález sa vztahuje na sposob přípravy
viacstupňového mazacieho oleja pre benzinové
a/alebo naftové motory, pozostávajúeeho
zo základného oleja ropného alebo
čiastočné syntetického a zušlachtujúcich
přísad.
Olej obsahuje 2,0 až 20,0 % hmot. přísad
detergentných, počítané ako 5θ %-né
koncentráty, ako sú sulfonáty kovov alkalických
zemin, alkysalicyláty vápenaté,
alkylfenoláty a alkylfenolsulfidy vápenaté
a barnaté, 0,2 až 10,0 % hmot. přísada dlspergačných,
počítané na účinnů zložku,ako
sfi sukcinimidy, bissukcinimidy, fosfonáty
a tiofosfonáty, 0,2 až 4,0 % přísad mazivostných,
počítané na účinnů zložku, ako
sú ditiofosfáty, s výhodou zinočnaté a také
množstvo modifikáfcorov VI, ako sú polymetakryláty,
kopolyméry alkénov a kopolyméry
styrénu s butadiénom alebo izoprénom,
aby sa dosiahla požadované viskozita
oleja příslušnéj triedy
Patent CS-256054-B1 (CS)
Inventor: BALAZ MICHAL
IPC: B27J5/00
Filed: 1984-10-05
Abstract: Riešenie sa týká dierovača korkových zátiek,
ktorý pomocou vyměnitelných sediel
umožňuje zhotovit dierky do korkových zátiek
róznych priemerov na stojane s válcovým
telesom, v ktorom je centricky uložená
dierkovacia ihla s výtlačníkom a tlačnou
pružinou.
Patent CS-228643-B1 (CS)
Inventor: PROCHAZKA ROSTISLAV
IPC: D04B39/00
Filed: 1982-11-05
Abstract: Pletenina je vhodná k využiti, zejména
v kardiochirurgii, například pro uzávěry
defektů mezikomorovyoh i mezisinových
přepážek a je vytvořena z interních
nití v zátažné nebo osnovní vazbě.
Podstata vynálezu spočívá v tom, že pletenina
sestává nejméně ze dvou soustav
nití, z nichž alespoň jedna obsahuje
vlákna se sráživosti 15 až 40 % v nepolárním
rozpustidle, přičemž se pletenina
zahustí na 250 až 600 oček cm-1
cestou vysráženi vláken. Pletenina vykazuje
po úpravě tažnost po řádku 120
až 200 %, po sloupku 150 až 250 %, pevnost
po řádku 1400 až 7000 N, po sloupku
2500 až 10 000 N a pevnost v průtlaku
kuličkou 250 až 650 N. V alternativním
provedení vykazuje pletenina propustnost
vody nejvýše 0,47 ms-A při tlaku
16 kPa.
Patent CS-233519-B1 (CS)
Inventor: KOSNAR KAREL
IPC: G09F3/03
Filed: 1982-11-24
Abstract: Účelem vynálezu je vytvoření vagónové
plomby, která po zaplombování vagónu (tj.
jasunutí zástrčky do tělesa plomby) neumožňuje
nepovolaným osobám bez zjevného poškození
této plomby vytažení zástrčky s provázkem
z tělesa plomby a její opětné zasunutí.
Této vlastnosti jištění je dosaženo kon-'
strukčním provedením plochého péra a zástrčky,
kde provedení dvou páru ozubů na plochém
peru a zástrčce, (které pó zasunutí zástrčky
do plomby do sebe zapadnou), tyto zajištují,
že zasunutou zástrčku již nelze vytáhnout.
Aby nebylo možno vniknout do jistících
míst plomby nějakými nástroji, a tím
i nebyla možnost rozevření plochého péra a
vytažení zástrčky, je plombe dále opatřena
plechovou vložkou s výstupky, které tomuto
vniknutí zamezují
Patent DK-171508-B1 (DK)
Inventor: THOME ROLAND
IPC: B01J29/08
Filed: 1990-06-19
Granted: 1996-12-09
Abstract: 2.1. Zeolites are microporous crystalline aluminosilicates which are distinguished by a number of particular properties. They have a defined cavity system with orifices of 0.3 to 0.9 nm. They are cation exchangers. In the H form, they have high acidity in the solid state. The hydrophobic character can be controlled by the ratio of silicon to aluminium. They exhibit high thermal stability. These substances were generally prepared only with the addition of organic, structure-controlling compounds to the synthesis mixture. Processes which dispense with the use of these organic substances, for example US 4,257,885, lead only very slowly (after several days) and generally incompletely to the desired product. Furthermore, the occurrence of undesirable secondary phases cannot in general be ruled out. The present invention relates to a purely inorganic synthesis process which virtually completely excludes the formation of secondary phases and which can be carried out in a short time. 2.2. The zeolites prepared by the process according to the invention have a chemical composition which can be described as follows in molar ratios: 0-3M2O : Al2O3 : 15-40SiO2 : 0-40H2O, in which M denotes an alkali metal cation. These zeolites can be subjected to exchange with the aid of a mineral acid, an ammonium compound, other proton donors or other cations. In conjunction with the above chemical composition and the interplanar spacings listed in Table I, the zeolites prepared according to this invention have, in the 29-silicon solid state Mas nuclear resonance spectrum, adsorption bands at about -100, -106, -112 and -116 ppm, based on tetramethylsilane as standard, with the aid of which this novel aluminosilicate can be distinguished from all similar zeolites (Fig. 1 and 2). 2.3. Because of these structural units, the zeolite catalysts prepared according to the invention have a much higher catalytic activity than similar pentasils prepared by conventional methods.  3. Table 1. Table 1           d Values/Interplanar spacings       Relative intensity                       11.2 +/- 0.3              strong 10.1 +/- 0.3              strong                        9.8 +/- 0.2 weak                       3.85 +/- 0.1              very strong 3.83 +/- 0.1              strong                       3.75 +/- 0.1 strong                       3.73 +/- 0.1              strong 3.60 +/- 0.1              weak                       3.06 +/- 0.05 weak                       3.00 +/- 0.05             weak 2.01 +/- 0.02             weak                       1.99 +/- 0.02          weak m
Patent DK-167883-B1 (DK)
Title: Stabilisation of plasmid(s) - by insertion of DNA fragment expressing partitioning fragment
Inventor: MOLIN SOEREN
IPC: C12N15/68
Filed: 1984-05-15
Granted: 1993-12-27
Abstract: Plasmid carrying an inserted gene(s) not naturally related to the plasmid as well as an inserted DNA fragment expressing a partitioning fragment is new. Plasmid carrying an inserted DNA fragment shorter than the EcoR1-A fragment of plasmid R1 and contg. a R1 par region is new. Bacterium harbouring a plasmid as defined above is new. Prodn. of a gene prod. of plasmid DNA comprises cultivation of a bacterium as defined above, and the prod. is harvested from the bacterial culture. DNA fragment comprising as its major component a R1 par region is new. Method of screening for the correct insertion of a par region in a plasmid (believed to carry such a region) comprises transformation to a bacterium already harbouring another unrelated plasmid carrying the same par region, as well as mediating a phenotype recognisable on approp. media. The correct insertion is identified as the loss of this phenotype. The stabilised plasmids are useful as cloning or prodn. vectors in recombinant DNA technology for prodn. of genes and their prods., e.g. polypeptides and proteins esp. enzymes and hormones, and nucleic acids.
Patent DK-174280-B1 (DK)
Inventor: BRIGHTY KATHERINE ELIZABETH
IPC: C07F7/18
Filed: 1987-06-01
Granted: 2002-11-04
Abstract: An efficient process for converting readily available 4-acetoxy-2-azetidinones to allyl 2-thioxopenam3-carboxylates, intermediates useful for the synthesis of penem antibiotics.
Patent FI-102545-B1 (FI)
Inventor: LELEU JEAN-BERNARD
IPC: C12P19/02
Filed: 1990-10-01
Granted: 1998-12-31
Abstract: Process for manufacturing xylitol and xylitol-rich products, characterized in that it consists of: enzymatically isomerizing at M1 D-xylulose syrup into syrup containing D-xylose and D-xylulose then, without extracting the xylose, catalytically hydrogenating this syrup at M2, resulting thus in a xylitol-rich syrup, said xylitol-rich syrup being either dehydrated, or subjected to chromatographic processing or to a treatment of extraction by crystallization at M3.
Patent FI-103861-B1 (FI)
Inventor: BLACKBURN PETER
IPC: A01N63/50
Filed: 1990-10-31
Granted: 1999-10-15
Abstract: Broad range bacteriocin compositions are provided. The compositions can be dissolved or suspended in a suitable solvent or matrix and are more active towards a broader range of bacteria than are any of the component parts. The dissolved or suspended compositions constitute enhanced broad range bactericides. The compositions include lysostaphin and a lanthionine containing peptide bacteriocin; lysostaphin, a lanthionine containing peptide bacteriocin and a chelating agent; and lysostaphin, a lanthionine containing peptide, a chelating agent and a surfactant. Each component is present in the enhanced broad range bactericide in sufficient amount such that the bactericide is more effective against staphylococci than is lysostaphin alone and is more effective at treating and preventing a broad range of microbial infections. Methods of treating bacterial infections using said compositions and bactericides are provided.
Patent FI-102272-B1 (FI)
Inventor: HENDRICKS JOEL D
IPC: C07C51/12
Filed: 1991-06-03
Granted: 1998-11-13
Abstract: A method is provided for the preparation of ibuprofen by carbonylating 1-(4 min -isobutylphenyl)ethanol (IBPE) with carbon monoxide comprising initially a reaction mixture comprising IBPE, ibuprofen and a catalyst for the carbonylation with carbon monoxide under conditions to initiate the reaction, and continuing to feed carbon monoxide to the composition to produce the desired yield of ibuprofen. Preferably the catalyst comprises palladium and a monodentate phosphine ligand. The presence of ibuprofen in the feed composition when the reaction is initiated with CO makes it possible to obtain high selectivities to ibuprofen with substantially complete conversion of IBPE at much shorter reaction times than if no ibuprofen is present initially.
Patent IE-48241-B1 (IE)
Title: Fibre structures of split multicomponent fibres
IPC: D04H1/4382
Filed: 1979-08-08
Abstract: A process for the production of fibre structures comprises treating conjugate fibres with organic solvent the fibres being shrinkable and unfixed and having at least two incompatible polymer components which show different shrinkage behaviour in the solvent and which are arranged in the fibre cross-section in the form of a matrix and segments (see for example Figs. 2, 5 and 7), the segments occupying from 20 to 80% of the total cross-section and at least three segments being peripherally arranged and the solvent being a liquid or gaseous organic solvent which reduces the zero shrinkage temperature of the matrix polymer or of the segment polymer by at least 160 DEG C. Various fibre structures are also disclosed.
Patent IE-38444-B1 (IE)
Title: Catheter insertion device
IPC: A61M25/08
Filed: 1973-06-21
Abstract: A catheter insertion device having a needle assembly comprising a hollow slotted needle with a needle hub affixed to its proximal end and a catheter assembly comprising a flexible catheter having a sealing segment with an enlarged outside diameter to prevent bleedback and a hollow catheter hub secured to its proximal end, the two assemblies being releasably locked together to prevent relative longitudinal movement of the catheter in the needle, the locking being releasable without relative longitudinal movement of the catheter and needle. The catheter is provided with a wire stylet having an enlarged rounded distal tip.
[US3827434A]
Patent IE-43052-B1 (IE)
Title: Substituted acetamido-cephalosporanic acids and their preparation
IPC: A61P31/04
Filed: 1975-06-04
Abstract: 1476981 6 - (D) - (-) - α - amino - α - (pacetoxyphenylacetamido)penicillanic acid BRISTOL MYERS CO 19 March 1975 [5 June 1974 19 Nov 1974] 24848/74 and 50016/74 Heading C2C The invention comprises the title compound [substantially free from L-(+ )-isomer], and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. In examples, this compound is prepared by reacting aminopenicillanic acid or its trimethylsilyl ester with the acid chloride hydrochloride, of D-(-)-p-acetoxyphenylglycine, and (where applicable) hydrolysing the intermediate trimethylsilyl ester of the product. The title compound may be treated in aqueous solution with an esterase to give the p-hydroxyphenyl analogue. Therapeutic compositions having antibacterial activity, and which may be administered orally or parenterally, comprise either the title compound, or the p-hydroxyphenyl analogue which has been prepared from it.
Patent IE-61838-B1 (IE)
Title: Aqueous emulsion of a water insoluble additive for mineral fibre insulating materials
Inventor: TIESLER HARTMUT
IPC: C04B14/38
Filed: 1987-05-14
Abstract: Process for obtaining an aqueous emulsion of a water-insoluble additive for insulating products made of synthetic inorganic fibres, characterised in that the insoluble additive is dispersed in the aqueous solution of a cellulose ether by means of a high-performance dispersing apparatus. The cellulose ether employed is preferably a hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose and/or sodium carboxyethyl cellulose.
Patent IE-60714-B1 (IE)
Title: "3-aminoproplyloxyphenyl derivatives, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them"
IPC: A61K31/415
Filed: 1986-05-13
Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), (I) characterized in that R signifies optionally substituted heteroaryl-, heteroarylakyl or heteroarylalkenyl, R1 signifies hydrogen or a substituent, R2 is hydroxy or a group -z-(CH2)n-Y-R3 wherein R3 is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkylene, hydroxy substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkylene, or optionally substituted aryl or aralkyl or aralkenyl moiety, and Y signifies oxygen or sulfur, and either Z is an oxygen atom and n is 2 or 3, or Z is a bond and n is 1, 2 or 3, A signifies alkylene or branched alkylene of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, W signifies a bond or imino, and X signifies a bond or imino, and their physiologically hydrolyzable derivatives, in which at least one hydroxy group is in esterified form. The compounds exhibit beta adrenoceptor blocking activity. Processes for the preparation of the compounds are also disclosed.
Patent IE-36677-B1 (IE)
Title: Manufacture of 6-methylenetetracyclines
IPC: C07C233/00
Filed: 1971-11-01
Abstract: 1370318 Preparation of 6-methylenetetracyclines RACHELLE LABORATORIES ITALIA SpA 21 Dec 1971 [28 Dec 1970 26 Oct 1971] 59247/71 Heading C2A A process for the preparation of a 6-methylenetetracycline comprises halogenating a tetracycline base or an acid salt thereof in solution at sub-ambient temperatures while maintaining the pH of the reaction mixture at from 3À0 to 5À0 to spontaneously crystallize the 11a-halo-6,12- hemiketal substantially entirely in the enolic form. Then the 11a-halo-6,12-hemiketal base is converted to the corresponding acid salt, e.g. the perchlorate, this salt is dehydrated to the corresponding 11a-halo-6-methylene tetracycline and this is dehalogenated to provide the desired 6-methylene tetracycline. The hemiketal base may be treated with acid at a temperature from -10 C. to 20 C. in order to convert it to the corresponding acid salt. The 6-methylene tetracyclines which may be prepared include 6- methylene-5-oxytetracycline, for which the initial tetracycline reactant is 5-oxytetracycline. The 11a-halo-6-methylenetetracycline may be dehalogenated to form an acid salt of the 6- methylene tetracycline and the acid salt converted to the free base of the desired 6-methylenetetracycline by neutralizing it at a temperature of from 50 C. to 90 C. in an aqueous solution maintained at a pH of from 6À5 to 7À5. The 11a-halo-6,12-hemiketal base may be formed by halogenating the tetracycline base or acid salt thereof in solution at a temperature below 0 C. and at a pH of from 3À5 to 5À0.
[GB1370318A]
Patent IE-32500-B1 (IE)
Title: New phenthiazine derivatives
IPC: F23D5/04
Filed: 1968-11-21
Abstract: 1,203,380. Phenothiazines. RHONE-, POULENC S.A. 22 Nov., 1968 [24 Nov., 1967] No. 55497/68. Heading C2C. Compounds of the formula and their acid addition salts wherein X is H or halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkanoyl, dialkylsulphamoyl or alkanesulphonyl containing 1-4 carbon atoms, CN or CF 3 , R is H or Me, Y is CH or N, A is 1-4 C straight or branched chain alkylene or A 1 -O-A 2 where A 1 and A 2 are alkylene groups containing at least 1 C and a total of not more than 4 C and B is alkyl of at least 5 C are prepared by reacting a compound with a compound where Z is halogen. Decyl and hexadecyl chloroformates are prepared from the alcohol and COCl 2 . Pharmaceutical compositions comprise compounds of the invention together with a carrier in a form suitable for oral or parenteral administration.
[GB1203380A]
Patent IE-53109-B1 (IE)
Title: The crystalline anhydrous form of (3s-(3a(z), 4b))-3-(((2-amino-4-thiazolyl) (1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)-imino)-acetyl)-amino)-4-methyl-2-oxo-1-azetidinesulfonic acid, method for its preparation, mixture and pharmaceutical composition containing it
IPC: C07D417/12
Filed: 1982-06-17
Abstract: The crystalline anhydrous form of [3S-[3 alpha (Z),4 beta ]]-3-[[2-amino-4-thiazolyl)[(1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino]acetyl]ami no]-4-methyl-2-oxo-1-azetidinesu lfonic acid is prepared.
Patent IE-48931-B1 (IE)
Title: Acetylene derivatives of androst-4-ene
IPC: A61P29/00
Filed: 1979-08-16
Abstract: Novel DELTA 4-androstenes of the formula  I' wherein R1 is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R' is an acyl of an organic carboxylic acid or carbonic acid of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, -CF3, aryl of 6 to 12 carbon atoms and aralkyl of 7 to 12 carbon atoms, Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine and methyl, X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine and fluorine and the dotted lines in the A and B rings indicate one or 2 double bonds in 1(2) and 6(7) positions with the proviso when R1 is methyl and the B ring is saturated, X is hydrogen when Y is hydrogen and X is not hydrogen when Y is fluorine having a remarkable anti-inflammatory activity and their preparation.
Patent IE-58122-B1 (IE)
Title: An indole derivative
IPC: A61K31/40
Filed: 1985-08-01
Abstract: A compound of formula (I) (I) and its physiologically acceptable salts and solvates are described as useful in treating and/or preventing pain resulting from dilatation of the cranial vasculature in particular migraine. The compound (I) may be prepared, for example, by cyclizing a compound of formula (II) (II)
Patent IE-53403-B1 (IE)
Title: A security upright
IPC: E04H12/22
Filed: 1982-08-10
Abstract: A security upright 1 comprises a male post 2 and a ground engaging female socket 3, with a locking mechanism for engagement between them provided by a tumbler lock 5, carried on a post 2 and operated through keyhole 10, and a keeper 15 provided in the socket 3 below ground level to receive the bolt which projects through slot 11. Solid bar 16 prevents the keeper 15 being damaged or tampered with from above: bar 17 projects through the socket to provide a stop for the post, and where it projects outside the socket, an anchorage; further anchorage is provided by bottom plates 18.
Patent IE-50390-B1 (IE)
Title: Cephalsporin solvates
IPC: C07D501/00
Filed: 1980-10-08
Abstract: Syn-7-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)- 2-methoxyimino]acetamido-3-acetoxymethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid solvates with alicyclic ethers, Their preparation and their use in the preparation of the free acid.