Patent GB-1048984-A (GB)
Title: Film forming coating compositions
IPC: C09G1/16
Filed: 1963-05-22
Abstract: Compositions suitable for use as furniture and floor polishes comprise an inert volatile carrier boiling between 27 DEG  and 260 DEG  C., an alpha-olefine polymer derived from one or more olefines containing from 16 to 50 carbon atoms (or aryl- or cyclo-alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof), and a natural wax. The weight ratio of wax to polymer may be up to 40:1, but is preferably from 0.1:1 to 16:1.  The inert carrier may be naphtha (Stoddard solvent), paraffin, turpentine, kerosene or mixtures thereof, the polymer and wax being substantially dissolved therein to form a liquid coating composition or a paste.  Waxes specified are candelilla, esparto, japan, beeswax, chinese insect wax, spermaceti, wool fat, paraffin, montan, utah, scale, ceresine and ozokerite wax. Other ingredients may also be included such as oxidation inhibitors, anti-slip agents, abrasives, perfumes, cellulosic thickeners such as carboxymethyl cellulose, antifoam agents and pigments.ALSO:Coating compositions capable of forming a film comparable to a film of carnauba wax comprise an inert volatile carrier boiling between 27 DEG  and 260 DEG  C. and a polymer of general formula R111-Y-X where R111 is hydrogen or an alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, alkaryl or cycloalkyl radical, Y is a linear carbon chain made up wholly of a plurality of alternating <FORM:1048984/C3/1> groups, in which, in the polymer chain, R represents the same or different alkyl radicals having between 14 and 48 carbon atoms, which alkyl radicals may be substituted by an aryl or cycloalkyl group, or Y is a linear carbon chain made up of a major number of said groups interlinked alternately and a minor number of one or both of said groups not interlinked alternately, and X is hydrogen or the group <FORM:1048984/C3/2> wherein R is as defined above, the number of said groups in the chain Y being such that the linear polymer has a weight average molecular weight of at least 100,000, a needle penetration value of less than 5, a melting point between 50 DEG  and 100 DEG  C. and a specific gravity between 0.840 and 0.940 at 27 DEG  C.  The polymer may be obtained by polymerizing an alpha-olefine having 16 to 50 carbon atoms (or an aryl- or cycloalkyl-substituted derivative thereof) by means of a catalyst complex comprising an organo-aluminium compound containing a group R111 as defined above and a heavy metal compound.  Mixtures of the olefinic compounds may also be polymerized.  The volatile carrier may be a hydrocarbon in which the polymer is generally soluble, or water, an alcohol or ketone in which the polymers are not soluble. When the essential components do not form a homogeneous composition, a surfactant is included; this may be a salt of a carboxylic acid, sulphuric acid ester or sulphonic acid, an amide salt, a quaternary ammonium salt, an alkyl or alkyl aryl polyether or thioether, an ester derivative of a polyether, an ester of a polyhydroxy compound or an amphoteric compound such as alpha-amino lauric acid.  A natural wax may also be included in the composition, e.g. candelilla, esparto, japan, beeswax, Chinese insect wax, spermaceti, wool fat, montan, utah, scale, ceresine and ozokerite wax.  Other ingredients which may be added include oxidation inhibitors, antislip agents, abrasives, perfumes, cellulosic thickeners such as carboxymethyl cellulose, antifoam agents and pigments.  In examples, the polymers used are a "polycosene," a poly-1-tetracosene and a poly-1-octadecene. The "polycosene" is prepared by polymerizing a mixture of alpha-olefines containing from 20 to 42 carbon atoms in cyclohexane using a titanium trichloride-triethyl aluminium complex as catalyst. The polymer has a molecular weight of 1.5 million.  The poly-1-tetracosene having a molecular weight of 1.8 million was similarly prepared from a mixture of C24 olefines containing about 80% by weight alpha-olefines.  The compositions may be used as furniture and floor polishes.ALSO:Emulsions suitable for use as furniture and floor polishes comprise an inert volatile carrier boiling between 27 DEG and 260 DEG C, an alpha-olefin polymer derived from one or more olefins containing from 16 to 50 carbon atoms (or aryl or cycloalkyl-substituted derivatives thereof), and a natural wax. The weight ratio of wax to polymer may be up to 40:1 but is preferably from 0.1:1 to 16:1.  The inert carrier may be water, an alcohol, a ketone or a hydrocarbon.  The emulsifier used may be anionic, cationic or non-ionic; specified classes are salts of carboxylic acids, sulphuric acid esters or sulphonic acids, amide salts, quarternary ammonium salts, alkyl or alkylaryl polyethers or thioethers, ester derivatives of polyethers, esters of polyhydroxy compounds, and amphoteric compounds, such as alpha-aminolauric acid. Waxes mentioned are candelilla, esparto, japan, beeswax, chinese insect wax, spermaceti, wood fat, montan, utah, scale, ceresine and ozokerite wax.  Other ingredients may also be included such as oxidation inhibitors, antislip agents, abrasives, perfumes, cellulosic thickness such as carboxymethyl cellulose, anti-foam agents and pigments.  In examples, the inert carrier is water, with or without naphtha solvent, and the emulsifiers used are sorbitan monppalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate or monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol oleate and triethanolamine-stearic acid.