Patent GB-772675-A (GB)
Title: Adhesion promoters
IPC: C08J7/056
Filed: 1954-08-25
Abstract: In examples (IV) a mixture of tetraisopropyl titanate, butadiene-styrene copolymer and xylol is applied to a steel plate, and, after hydrolysis a slab of neoprene is hot-pressed and cured on the resulting film; (XI) polyethylene is dispersed in hot xylol, tetraisopropyl titanate added and the solution cooled to give a dispersion of polyethylene in the titanate solution, which may be diluted with such solvents as hexane, benzene, ethanol, isopropanol, mineral spirits and toluene.ALSO:In example (IX), glass fibres are passed through a solution in butanol of tetrabutyl zirconate, hexamethylene-tetramine, and tetraoleyl titanate, drained and baked; they are then incorporated in polyamide rods by casting.ALSO:A composition which on hydrolysis gives rise to an adhesion promoting film comprises a substantially non-aqueous fluid preparation of a hydroysable alcoholate of a metal having a valence of 3 to 5, each hydrolysable organic radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and at least one of the following: (1) normally solid hydrocarbons; (2) alcohols of more than 8 carbon atoms per molecule, and their alcoholates with the said metals; (3) compounds of the structure RO-(-R1O-)x-R11, wherein R and R1 are hydrocarbon radicals and R11 is a hydrocarbon radical or hydrogen, x is 1 to 10 when R and R1 are aliphatic radicals and R11 is an aliphatic radical or hydrogen and x is 0 to 1 when R or R11 is an aromatic radical; (4) organic amino compounds having not more than 6 carbon atoms per molecule and which are both water-miscible and miscible in organic solvents; and (5) polyhydroxy compounds having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and present in amounts compatible with the said preparation.  Solvents may also be included.  The alcoholates may be e.g. methyl to octyl titanates, zirconates, antimonates, aluminates and ferrates, and may be in a partially condensed state.  Acyloxy groups, unlimited as to the number of carbon atoms they contain, may replace a proportion of the alkoxy groups therein.  The compositions are applied to surfaces, e.g. of metals, plastics, glass, polysulphide rubbers, paper and regenerated cellulose sheeting, and the alcoholate hydroysed by exposure to moist air, the other specified components modifying the rate of hydrolysis.  Laminating substances, e.g. linseed oil, paints, varnishes and alkyd resins, polyethylene and monomeric acrylates or methacrylates may be applied over the coated surfaces.  In examples (1) a mixture of tetrastearyl titanate and tetraisopropyl titanate was diluted with dry hexane and isopropyl alcohol and applied to an aged alkyd enamel paint surface, and a fresh coat of alkyd enamel paint applied over the resultant hydrolysed film; (2) the same composition was applied to part of an aluminium panel, part left uncoated and the remainder coated with a solution of tetraisopropyl titanate in a mixture of hexane and isopropanol, the coatings were cured at 70 DEG F. and 90 per cent relative humidity and an alkyd enamel applied to all three areas; (3) a mixture of tetrabutyl titanate and naphthalene was diluted with dry hexane and applied to steel test panels, the solvent allowed to evaporate at 70 DEG F. and 50 per cent relative humidity, the panels were then baked, cooled, and coated with an alkyd type baking enamel, dried and baked; (4) a mixture of tetraisopropyl titanate, butadienestyrene copolymer and xyol was applied to a steel plate; after hydrolysis a slab of neoprene was hot pressed against the resulting film, and cured; (5) two strips of aluminium were coated with a solution of isopropyl titanate, isopropyl aluminate and naphthalene in a mixture of isopropanol and hexane; after curing at 125 DEG C, the surfaces were soldered with a commercial aluminium soldering flux and lead-tin solder; (6) aluminium panels were coated with a solution of tetraisopropyl titanate and oleyl alcohol in hexane, and, after drying in moist air, coated with a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone; (7) a sheet of vinyl plastic was coated with a solution containing tetraisopropyl titanate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and isopropanol, and a pigmented nitro-cellulose ink applied to the film so produced; (8) aluminium was coated with a solution containing tetraisopropyl titanate, glycerol and isopropanol, and the resulting film coated, after hydrolysis, with a water base paint containing emulsified polyvinyl acetate; (9) glass fibres were passed through a solution in butanol of tetrabutyl zirconate, hexamethylene-tetramine and tetraoleyl titanate, drained and baked; they were then incorporated in polyamide rods by casting; (10) the inner surface of an aluminium aircraft fuel tank was treated with a solution of tetrapropyl titanate and naphthalene in xylol; after draining and drawing a slow current of air through the tank, it was treated with a solution in xylol of "Thiokol" (Registered Trade Mark) rubber, dried, and heat cured; (11) polyethylene was dispersed in hot xylol, tetraisopropyl titanate added and the solution cooled, with vigorous agitation, to give a dispersion of polyethylene in the titanate solution, which could be diluted with such solvents as hexane, benzene, ethanol, isopropanol, mineral spirits and toluene; (12) a dilution of the dispersion of Example 11 with isopropanol was used to treat kraft paper, to give an antiblocking paper of high wet strength, which was very adherent to polyethylene, and could be hot-coated with a solution thereof in xylol; the product could be heat-sealed to itself, or laminated with thicker sheets of polyethylene; (13) sheet aluminium was coated with a dilution of the product of Example 11, dried and baked, and could then be bonded to sheet polyethylene; multiple laminates could be so made; (14) moisture-proof "Cellophane" (Registered Trade Mark) having a coating of nitro-cellulose was coated with a dilution of the product of Example 11 in isopropanol, air dried, and passed, together with a sheet of polyethylene, between heated rolls, to give a laminate; (15) corrugated paper, dipped in a solution of tetraisopropyl titanate containing dispersed polyethylene, and sheet aluminium treated as in Example 13, after standing at room temperature, were laminated by heat to an interposed sheet of polyethylene; (16) a mixture of tetraisopropyl titanate and tetraoleyl titanate was diluted with mineral spirits and applied to old enamelled woodwork, which, after exposure to good ventilation, was coated with an oil base enamel.