Patent GB-1012015-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ion exchange processes
IPC: B01D15/04
Filed: 1963-11-21
Abstract: The invention comprises polymers having recurring units of formula <FORM:1012015/C3/1> or <FORM:1012015/C3/2> where D is a hydrocarbon radical derived from a dimerized aliphatic saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having a hydrocarbon chain of 8 to 24 carbon atoms, R is hydrogen, an aliphatic radical of 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl radical of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R1 and R11 are each aliphatic or aryl radicals of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is an inorganic salt-forming anion.  The polymers are prepared by dimerizing the saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, converting the dimerized acid to the corresponding dinitrile and hydrogenating the dinitrile in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to obtain a polysecondary amine; the polymer contains from 2 to 40 or more units, depending on the reaction conditions.  The polysecondary amine may be converted to a polytertiary amine by reaction with an aliphatic or aromatic halide and a base, or by formaldehyde-formic acid methylation; reaction of the polytertiary amine with excess halide and base products the polyquaternary ammonium compounds.  The polymer may be a copolymer in which in a minor proportion of the recurring units the radical D in the formulae above is replaced by a hydrocarbon radical from a dibasic aliphatic carboxylic acid. In examples, polymers are prepared from dinitriles of dimerized linoleic acid.  Specification 986,591 is referred to.ALSO:The invention comprises polymers having recurring units of formula <FORM:1012015/C2/1> where D is a hydrocarbon radical derived from a dimerized aliphatic saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having a hydrocarbon chain of 8 to 24 carbon atoms, R is hydrogen, an aliphatic radical of 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl radical of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R1 and R11 are each aliphatic or aryl radicals of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is an inorganic salt-forming anion. The polymers are prepared by dimerizing the saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, converting the dimerized acid to the corresponding dinitrile and hydrogenating the dinitrile in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to obtain a polysecondary amine; the polymer contains from 2 to 40 or more units, depending on the reaction conditions.  The polysecondary amine may be converted to a polytertiary amine by reaction with an aliphatic or aromatic halide and a base, or by formaldehyde-formic acid methylation; reaction of the polytertiary amine with excess halide and base produces the polyquaternary ammonium compounds.  The polymer may be a copolymer in which in a minor proportion of the recurring units the radical D in the formulae above is replaced by a hydrocarbon radical from a dibasic aliphatic carboxylic acid. In examples polymers are prepared from dinitriles of dimerized linoleic acid.  Specification 986,591 is referred to.ALSO:The invention comprises removing an organic anion from an aqueous solution thereof by contacting the aqueous solution with a water-immiscible organic solvent solution of a polymer having a recurring unit of formula <PICT:1012015/C1/1> <PICT:1012015/C1/2> where D is a hydrocarbon radical derived from a dimerized aliphatic saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having a hydrocarbon chain of 8 to 24 carbon atoms, R is hydrogen, an aliphatic radical of 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl radical of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R1 and R11 are each aliphatic or aryl radicals of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is an inorganic salt-forming anion, and separating the resulting solution.  The polymer may be a copolymer in which in a minor proportion of the recurring units the radical D in the formulae above is replaced by a hydrocarbon carbon radical from a dibasic aliphatic carboxylic acid.  The organic solvent may be a hydrocarbon.  An inert gas, e.g. air, may be passed through both solutions while they are in contact.  The organic anion subsequently may be stripped from the water-immiscible organic solution.  In examples, dodecyl benzene sulphonate and tripoly phosphate anions are removed from aqueous solutions with solutions of polymers prepared from dimerized linoleic acid in kerosene and in trichlorotrifluoroethane. Specification 986,591 is referred to.