baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-753992-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of phenol
Filed: 1954-02-09
Abstract: <PICT:0753992/IV(a)/1> A process for the continuous production of phenol from an alkali metal salt of benzene sulphonic acid and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide by heating a finely powdered mixture of the reaction components in the fluidized state in the presence of steam at 350-450 DEG  C. and separating phenol from the solid reaction products, comprises the features of maintaining in a reaction chamber the fluidized reaction residue by passing steam through the said residue and continuously adding thereto starting materials and further reaction residue previously mixed and fluidized in a separate chamber by passing an inert gas therethrough; separating the phenol from the solid reaction products and residue by carrying it forward to a condenser with the steam used for fluidizing the solids in the reaction chamber and recirculating the reaction residue with fresh starting materials; the amount of starting materials mixed with the reaction residue being adjusted to give a stream of material containing 10-50 per cent by weight of the starting mixture, and the level of the fluidized mass in the reaction chamber being maintained substantially constant by withdrawing from the circulating stream of powdered solids after discharge from the reaction chamber an amount corresponding to the fresh reaction residue formed in the reaction chamber.  In the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the starting mixture in storage tank 3 is fed into mixing chamber 5 where it is mixed in the fluidized state, by means of an inert auxiliary gas such as nitrogen, with reaction residue from circulating conduit 1.  The fluidized mixture is fed through the screw conveyer 9 into the reaction chamber 10, steam being passed in at 12 and the vapours discharged at 13 to a condenser (not shown). Reaction residue is removed at 14, sufficient i.e. about 10-20 per cent being removed at 15 to maintain a constant level of fluidized material.  Various modifications are described including the stripping of the discharged solids by steam which may be subsequently introduced into the upper part of the reaction chamber.  Potassium or sodium benzenesulphonate is used, admixed in the starting material with the hydroxides of calcium, barium, strontium or magnesium.  The amount of steam used in the reaction chamber is sufficient to maintain the solids in the fluidized state and to liberate the phenol, about 0.1-0.3 kg. per hour per litre of fluidized mass being sufficient.  The phenol is separated from the condensed vapours, and the condensed water layer is recycled as phenol-containing steam.  In the example phenol is prepared from potassium benzene sulphonate and calcium hydroxide in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.  Specifications 554,878, [Group IV], and 672,512 are referred to.
Patent GB-707555-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for applying a metallic layer on a metallic valve
IPC: B23K13/06
Filed: 1951-02-16
Abstract: An alloy containing 0.1-1.0 per cent carbon preferably 0.4-0.6 per cent. 2.0-6.0 per cent. silica preferably 3.0-4.0 per cent. 0.1-2.0 per cent. manganese 10.0-20.0 per cent. chromium 50.0-80.0 per cent. nickel, remainder iron with impurities of sulphur and phosphorus is applied as a ring to a valve cone and heated to pressure welding temperature or melted by induction heating to form a protective layer thereon.
Patent GB-751004-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulic mechanisms
Inventor: ASHLEY ALLAN
IPC: F15B11/22
Filed: 1953-02-11
Abstract: 751,004. Hydraulic presses. VICKERSARMSTRONGS (ENGINEERS), Ltd. Feb. 8, 1954 [Feb. 11, 1953], No. 3867/53. Class 69 (2). In a press in which the slide 4 is moved towards the bed 1 by two jacks 5, 8, the jack 5 being connected to a supply 45 of pressure liquid and the jack 8 being operated by the liquid displaced from. the underside of the piston of the jack 5, if one end of the slide engages the work before the other end a compensating piston 63 carried by the ram of the jack 5 is operated by the difference in pressure in the jacks and equalizes the load between the two jacks. A pipe 67 connects the jacks. The slide is raised by pull-back jacks 6, 7. A pump 23 driven by an electric motor 25 delivers liquid to a port 29 of a four-way valve 30 having a plunger 33. Solenoid-operated valves 54, 56 admit liquid to the ends of the valve body to-move the plunger. This liquid is supplied from a pilot system 55 delivering low-pressure liquid by means of a secondary pump 57. A check and holding valve 44 prevents the exhausting of liquid from the pull-back jacks 6, 7 when the pressure in the jack 5 is low, and also ensures that liquid flows from jacks 6, 7 at a controlled rate when liquid is pumped to the main jacks. When the pressure in the jack 5 rises to overcome the load, the valve 44 ensures that back pressure is relieved from the jacks 6, 7. The upper part of the jack 5 is connected by a pipe to a discharge valve 68 and through a pipe 69 to a tank. When the pull-back jack 7 is near the top of its stroke, it operates a slow-down valve 70 and a top limit switch 77 which de-energizes the valve 54 and the plunger 33 returns to its central position. A replenishing valve 73 opened by the jack 7 permits charging or venting of the pipe 67 via the pilot system 55. Limit switches actuated by the slide, or pressure switches 78 may control the energizing of the solenoids of valves 54, 56. In a modification, the pull-back jacks are omitted and the jack 8 is of conventional piston and cylinder form, the underside of the piston being connected to the underside of the piston of the jack 5 so that liquid supplied beneath the pistons will raise the slide. A relief valve 28 is provided. Specification 751,005 is referred to.
Patent GB-555230-A (GB)
Title: A method of producing hollow metal articles
IPC: F42B30/08
Filed: 1942-03-27
Abstract: 555,230. Making bomb noses &c. PRESSED STEEL CO., Ltd., and KELLEY, G. L. March 27, 1942, No. 4046. [Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv)] Hollow or cupped articles such as bomb noses in which the walls decrease in thickness in the direction away from the hollow of the cup are made from flat blanks varying in thickness from one edge to the opposite parallel edge. The blanks are bent to cylindrical shape and the longitudinal seam is arc welded and the resulting blank is pressed in dies. The blank may have two strips giving three thickness zones or the first 13, Fig. 2, may taper at 16 into the second, a step 17 leading to the third zone. Curvature is first imparted to the blank at the edges, and then further stages bring it to cylindrical form ready for welding at 18, Fig. 7. Forging in dies 21, 22, Fig. 10, brings the blank to finished form, Fig. 11 ; a pin in the concave die forms the hole for the fuse. The thin section of the blank may be extended sufficiently to form the nose and body in one, and the blanks may be double, either the thick or the thin section being at the centre. This modification facilitates bending after which the blanks are separated prior to forging. Specification 554,449 is referred to.
Patent GB-687071-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in garments with detachable and replaceable parts
IPC: A41B3/04
Filed: 1950-02-17
Abstract: 687,071. Shirt collars; cuffs. DONNER, I. Feb. 6, 1951 [Feb. 17, 1950.; July 10, 1950], Nos. 4088/50 and 17188/50. Class 141. Garments, e.g. shirts, with detachable and replaceable parts such as collars and cuffs and in which the attaching border on one part is divided into two limbs forming a channel bounded on both sides by completely finished off side limbs between which the inserted marginal portion of the other part is secured by means e.g. stitches, which are capable of being destroyed, have the attaching border composed of five plies of material (or six plies if a lining ply is turned over) at the channel region and of only three plies below the channel region. Fig. 4 shows a cross section of a neckband with facing plies 10, 11 and a lining ply 12, the plies being turned over and stitched at 13. The lining ply need not be turned over as shown. Fig. 3 shows a front view of the neckband the stitching 14 at the ends providing the side limbs at the ends of the channel for the reception of the detachable collar which may be secured therein by a line of stitches or as described in Specification 503,354.
Patent GB-556172-A (GB)
Title: Method and means for joining hollow bodies
IPC: H01R9/05
Filed: 1942-03-28
Abstract: 556,172. Tube joints. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. March 28, 1942, No. 4161. Convention date, Dec. 17, 1940. [Class 99 (i)] [Also in Groups XXXVI and XXII] A joint for tubes is made by means of a sleeve 10 compressed by longitudinal rolling upon the ends of the conductors which are stiffened by internal bushings 18 to prevent collapse during the compression of the sleeve. The sleeve 10 is slid into position and compressed throughout its length. A suitable tool comprises rollers 23, 24 mounted on a slide 22 and operated by a handle 25.
Patent GB-141154-A (GB)
Title: Electric regulator of the induced-current motor type
IPC: G05F1/00
Filed: 1919-02-19
Abstract: 141,154. Pestarini, G. Feb. 19, 1919. Regulation, automatic systems and apparatus for. -An automatic regulator of a pivoted quadrant or segment 1 lying between the pole-faces of an electro-magnet 4, which is rotated at a constant speed by clock-work 6 and energized by a current or voltage coil. The quadrant carries a contact rod 2 and is restrained by a spring or by a second constantly-energized rotating electro-magnet acting on a second quadrant. The rod 2 controls the excitation continuously by opening and closing a resistance circuit either directly or through relays. Several contact rods may be provided instead of one only, and the movement of the quadrant may be damped by providing an auxiliary quadrant acted on by an electro-magnet.
Patent GB-399084-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in exercising apparatus
IPC: A63B21/055
Filed: 1933-02-11
Abstract: 399,084. Exercising-apparatus. GAILEY, F. L., 5133, Mount Royal Drive, Los Angeles, U.S.A. Feb. 1,1, 1933, No. 4268. [Class 132 (i).] An exercising-device wherein retractile springs provided with handles are alternately stretched and contracted by the user gripping the handles and stepping on a plate to which the other ends of the springs are secured, is characterized in that a rigid plate is employed having rectangular turned end flanges to which flanges an end portion of the retractile springs is connected, the end portion of the plate carrying a lining material which projects beyond the edge of the end portion so as to protect the feet of the user against impact by the springs or handle. As shown the end portions 11 of a rigid metal plate 10 are at right-angles to the main body and carry tubular loops 12 which receive the lower portions of metal rings 13 connected by links 14. to the lower ends of retractile springs 15. The upper ends of the springs are connected by links 16 to wire frames 17 carrying handles 18. The plate 10 and the upturned portions 11 are enclosed in a sheath comprising an underlayer 19 of leather or canvas and an upper layer 20 of felt, the end portions of which are extended a substantial distance above the upper ends of the members 11. The intermediate portion of the layer 20 is folded double to provide a transverse partition 23.
Patent GB-1503823-A (GB)
Title: Electroslag processes
IPC: B22D23/10
Filed: 1976-02-04
Abstract: 1503823 Electroslag melting and welding VENJUKOV ARMATUR ZAVOD 4 Feb 1976 04299/76 Headings B3F and B3R [Also in Division H5] In an electroslag process (i.e. remelting, Fig. 1, heating, Fig. 10, and welding, Fig. 12) a cover plate, preferably of graphite or carbon preheated to 500-1200‹ C., having a hole for an electrode to pass through, floats on the molten slag so that radiation loss is reduced. In casting an ingot (Fig. 1) a consumable electrode 4 depends into the molten slag 3 through the hole in the cover plate in the form of a disc 10 which either narrows or thickens towards its periphery (Figs. 7, 6 respectively, not shown) and may have radial bores (Fig. 8, not shown). In a reheating process to cast an ingot, molten slag is either introduced to or produced in the mould and molten metal is poured through a hollow non-consumable graphite electrode 25 with the cover disc 6 floating on the slag. In electroslag welding (Fig. 12), four electrodes depend through holes 33 in the cover plate 32 floating on the slag 3 in a weld gap defined by the workpieces 30 and water cooled melt retaining shoes 31. In each use the slag may be fused in situ (Fig. 13, not shown) or introduced prefused. The holes in the cover plates are large enough to allow upward movement as the slag bath rises.
Patent GB-348184-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of fertilisers
IPC: C05C1/02
Filed: 1930-02-08
Abstract: The caking tendency of fertilizing materials, such as ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate or mixtures containing them, is reduced by adding thereto from 1 to 5 per cent of a powdered starchy material, such as rice meal or flour.  The Provisional Specification describes also the addition of the following materials to ammonium sulphate in place of starch:--wood charcoal, activated charcoal, silica gel, calcined asbestos, kieselguhr, iron pyrites, ammonium calcium or sodium phosphate, kaolin, carbon black, and the bye-product, known as "Neutralizer sludge," obtained in the production of fertilizers from phosphate rock.  It also describes the addition of the following materials to ammonium nitrate:--carbon black, kieselguhr, bipotassium phosphate, "Neutralizer sludge," phosphate rock, ferric phosphate, magnesium carbonate, dolomite, chalk, "Nile silt," and potassium monoammonium carbonate.ALSO:The caking tendency of fertilizing materials, such as ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate or mixtures containing them, is reduced by adding thereto from one to five per cent of a powdered starchy material such as rice meal or flour.  The Provisional Specification describes also the addition of the following materials to ammonium sulphate in place of starch:-wood charcoal, activated charcoal, silica gel, calcined asbestos, kieselguhr, iron pyrites, ammonium, calcium or sodium phosphate, kaolin, carbon black and the bye-product, known as "Neutralizer sludge," obtained in the production of fertilizers from phosphate rock.  It also describes the addition of the following materials to ammonium nitrate:-carbon black, kieselguhr, bipotassium phosphate, "Neutralizer sludge," phosphate rock, ferric phosphate, magnesium carbonate, dolomite, chalk, "Nile silt" and potassium mono-ammonium phosphate.
Patent GB-627087-A (GB)
Title: A shaft synchronizing and coupling system
IPC: F16D27/118
Filed: 1947-02-17
Abstract: 627,087. Positive clutches. SOC. ANON. A. CITROEN. Feb. 17, 1947, No. 4499. Convention date, Feb. 26, 1946. [Class 80 (ii)] Pawls G, pivoted inside an annular shaftmember E, are rocked inwardly into synchronous engagement with radial projections D on the other shaftmember C, by energising a stationary magnet-winding J, surrounding the shaftmember E, which has pole-pieces F to attract the pawl-tails H outwardly in opposition to the disengaging effect, of centrifugal force, aided, if required, by a spring. Synchronisation is effected by friction-shoes K on blade-springs L, secured to the pawl-pivots so as to engage frictionally with a cylindrical surface B of the shaft-member C before the pawls engage. The driving-faces of the pawls G and projections D may be inclined to resist disengagement under load even if the energising current is cut-off.
Patent GB-971182-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to gums
IPC: A23G4/08
Filed: 1961-02-07
Abstract: A chewing gum base comprises a solid, non-toxic copolymer of a vinyl ester with a polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight of from 200 to 10,000 said copolymer having a viscosity in the range 1 to 25 centipoises in a 1 molar benzene solution at 20 DEG C. and a moisture pick up of at least 11% by weight.  Specified vinyl esters are vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl stearate and vinyl 2-ethylhexoate, and mixtures e.g. of vinyl acetate and vinyl stearate. Specified polyalkylene glycols are polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol and block copolymers of propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide and cyclohexane oxide with ethylene oxide. The chewing gums may also comprise fillers, e.g. chalk, iron oxide and charcoal; flavouring agents, e.g. oils of wintergreen, spearmint, peppermint, spice, fruit flavours and licorice; and sweetening agents, e.g. sucrose, dextrose, cyclamates and saccharin. Examples describe the copolymerization of vinyl acetate with (1 and 3 to 6) polyethylene glycols, (2) polypropylene glycol and (7 to 10) ethylene oxide/ propylene oxide block copolymers in the presence of methyl ethyl ketone, water, hydrogen peroxide and sodium bicarbonate.ALSO:Chewing gums comprise a solid, non-toxic copolymer of a vinyl ester with a polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight of from 200 to 10,000 said copolymer having a viscosity in the range 1 to 25 centipoises in a 1 molar benzene solution at 20 DEG C. and a moisture pick up of at least 11% by weight, a filler, a flavouring agent and a sweetening agent.  Specified vinyl esters are vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl stearate, vinyl 2-ethylhexoate and mixtures, e.g. of vinyl stearate and vinyl acetate.  Specified polyalkylene glycols are polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol and block copolymers of propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide and cyclohexene oxide with ethylene oxide. Specified fillers are chalk, iron oxide and charcoal.  Specified flavouring agents are oils of wintergreen, spearmint, peppermint, spice, fruit flavours and licorice. Specified sweetening agents are sucrose, dextrose, cyclamates and saccharin.
Patent GB-1198603-A (GB)
Title: Method and Apparatus for High Temperature Waste Disposal.
Inventor: STOOKEY KENNETH WELDON
IPC: F23G5/027
Filed: 1969-01-28
Abstract: 1,198,603. Burning refuse. K.W. STOOKEY. 28 Jan., 1969 [25 March, 1968], No. 4551/69. Heading F4B. Apparatus for use in the disposal of waste material having both an organic and metallic content, comprises a vertical combustion chamber 12 into which is continuously supplied a hot air blast via a line 31 to the hearth (40, Fig. 2) of the chamber 12, the said hot air blast passing vertically upwards through the waste product which is introduced through the inlet 47, and a secondary combustion chamber 54 for collecting and combusting the outflow of gaseous and entrained material from a line 52 connected to a collection ring 50 around the chamber 12, the pressure condition maintained in the chamber 12 being such that there is a slight sub-atmospheric pressure within the line 52 so that the combustion product flow does not exit through the opening 47. The conditions in the chamber 54 are continuously monitored to effect the complete combustion of the gaseous material, the solid particulate material being continuously removed without varying the said conditions by means of a butterfly-valvecontrolled separator 80. As shown, the hot air blast fed into the hearth (40) through tuyeres 33, originates from a combination of a combustion device 20 and a heat-exchanger 22, the line 28 exiting from the heat-exchanger and which which includes a control valve 29 and a steam line 35 controlled by a valve 35a, becoming the said hot air blast line 31. Should there be a substantial increase in the inorganic content of the waste product, the temperature in the hearth can be increased by either opening a combustion product by-pass line 69 or by providing auxiliary fuel from a line (73) which injects fuel in proximity to the tuyeres 33.
Patent GB-667614-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in wheels for vehicles
IPC: B60B9/10
Filed: 1950-02-22
Abstract: 667,614. Vehicle wheels. SUDAR, A. Feb. 22, 1950, No. 4603/50. Class 144 (i). A resilient wheel comprises an inner series of rubber cushions 27 housed in apertures in a hub 10 adapted for fitment on an ordinary stub-axle 1, an outer series of cushions 22 fitted between the hub and a rim 13 carrying a rubber tyre 23, and side-flanges 11, 12 which are secured to the rim 13 by bolts 26 and braced by bolts 14 passing through the hub - cushions 27. A positive driving - connection between the rim and hub is provided by a pair of crossed rods 17, 17a bolted respectively to the hub and flange 12 and guided through a boss 7 arranged coaxially with the wheel.
Patent GB-105107-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Rifles.
Inventor: MILLIGAN THOMAS EDGER HOPE
IPC: F41A3/22
Filed: 1916-03-29
Abstract: 105,107. Milligan, E. A., (representative of Milligan, T. E. H.). March 29, 1916. Breech actions, sliding breech-block; protecting from dust and rain.-Consists in enclosing the bolt of a bolt-action rifle in a non-rotary sleeve or casing closed at the rear end, so that it forms the rear closing-plate of the bolt, and so mounted that it slides backwards and forwards with the bolt. In the construction shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the sleeve B, shown separately in under plan in Fig. 4, has lateral ribs R, R<1>, which slide in grooves in the body, and a transverse groove B<1> in which the handle A<1>of the bolt A works. A longitudinal slot F in the underside of the sleeve enables the bolt to be inserted from the front. The extractor is mounted by a dovetail E in one of the side ribs R<1> of the sleeve and has a bifurcated end N fitting into a groove 0 in the head of the bolt.
Patent GB-294495-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the control of electric motors
IPC: H02P1/54
Filed: 1927-02-19
Abstract: 294,495. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., and Given, R. D. Feb. 19, 1927. Follow.up control systems.-For raising and lowering a platform to follow rise and fall of a liquid surface, electric motors 1, 2 are successively switched-in by switches B<1>, B<3> mounted on a shaft E<1> which is operated through a oneway chain and sprocket coupling by the rise of a float D; the motors are successively switchedout by switches B<2>, B<4> on a shaft E<2> which is operated through a similar coupling by the rise of the platform. When the float falls the pairs of switches interchange their functions.
Patent GB-495698-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tubular coupling devices
IPC: A47L9/24
Filed: 1937-02-17
Abstract: 495,698. Pipe joints. BRITISH VACUUM CLEANER & ENGINEERING CO., Ltd., HUTCHINSON, R. J., and BAIRD, N. Feb. 17, 1937, No. 4776. [Class 99 (i)] A pipe end b which may be an element associated with a vacuum cleaner, is held in a socket c by a split coned hard metal ring f which is forced into a ring e, held in the socket, by a nut h. A pin k engages a slot in the pipe end and prevents rotation relative to the socket. Specification 495,697 is referred to.
Patent GB-285490-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to building elements
IPC: E04B1/19
Filed: 1928-02-16
Abstract: 285,490. Samuel, R. Feb. 18 ,1927, [Convention date]. Brackets.-Structural building elements are shaped as skeleton tetrahedra, Fig. 1, one angle being a trihedral rightangle bounded by two equal short edges and a longer edge which is double the short edges. Two faces consist of triangular panels 1, 1<a>, and the base is a truncated triangular panel 2, all the panels being formed of metal bars. The elements are assembled in various combinations, alone or with larger but similar elements having dimensions which are multiples of those of the smaller elements. Fig. 4 shows a sectional length of a box girder consisting of four of the elements united by angle-irons 3 which also connect adjacent sections together. The invention is applicable also to the formation of bracket-like structures to be suspended from ceilings or attached to walls.