baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-614392-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to manufacture of ª†-aldols and ª†-ketols
IPC: C07C49/17
Filed: 1945-03-27
Abstract: g -Ketols or g -aldols having four or more carbon atoms are prepared by oxidizing tetrahydrofurane or a homologue thereof by means of oxygen or a gas containing oxygen at a temperature of at least 25 DEG C., and decomposing the peroxide thus formed by heating and/or by the action of an oxygen acceptor, namely, a substance capable of fixing chemically the oxygen disengaged by the decomposition of the peroxide.  The oxidation may be effected in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, for example, salts, especially the acetates, of cobalt, nickel, manganese or copper. The peroxide may be decomposed by heating at a temperature slightly above 40 DEG  C., by heating with an acid or alkaline aqueous medium or by catalytic hydrogenation at a temperature low enough to avoid too violent a reaction. Preferably, the peroxide is decomposed as it is formed by carrying out the oxidation at a temperature between 40 DEG  and 120 DEG  C. and this method may be carried out in a continuous manner.  The process may be effected under sub- or super-atmospheric pressure.  In examples: (1) tetrahydrofurane is reacted with oxygen in presence of cobalt and nickel acetates at 25 DEG  C., excess tetrahydrofurane distilled off and residual peroxide converted into g -hydroxybutyraldehyde by heating at 50 DEG  C.; (2) 2-methyltetrahydrofurane is oxidized at 70 DEG  C. in presence of manganese acetate as in (1), yielding a mixture of aceto propyl alcohol, unchanged methyl tetrahydrofurane and the corresponding peroxide which is decomposed to the alcohol by boiling with a normal solution of sulphuric acid; (3) 2-methyltetrahydrofurane is treated with oxygen at 70 DEG  C. an when equilibrium is attained, more of the tetrahydrofurane is fed in and product withdrawn continuously, aceto propanol being recovered therefrom and undecomposed peroxide and excess tetrahydrofurane being recycled; 2 : 5-dimethyltetrahydrofurane treated similarly yields the peroxide and 2 : 5-hexanolone.  Other reactants mentioned are the ethyl, propyl and isopropyl homologues.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 includes as starting materials any compounds containing a tetrahydrofurane nucleus, aromatic substituents being mentioned, and is not limited as regards the temperature of oxidation and manner of decomposing the peroxides.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1163180-A (GB)
Title: Dryer
IPC: F26B11/04
Filed: 1967-02-17
Abstract: 1,163,180. Drying apparatus. WILMOT ENG. CO. 17 Feb., 1967 [17 Feb., 1967], No. 7813/67. Heading F4G. Apparatus for drying wet granular material 12 comprises a rotary container having a feed end 14 into which the material passes from a hopper 16 and vibrating shoot 17 and a discharge end 15 from which the dried material 41 passes through a screen section 38 which separates out, for recirculation, heated particles 23, e.g. steel balls, which are mixed with the material to dry it and control means are provided for regulating the moisture content of the dried material automatically in dependence on on the value of a physical quantity sensed during operation of the drier in or adjacent thereto. The angle of inclination an/or speed of rotation of the drum is controlled in accordance with the moisture content as sensed by a senser 5a in the discharge shoot 51 and the temperature of a burner 26 heating the particles 23 is controlled by a sensor 47 in a discharge duct 46. A housing 18 is mounted concentrically within the container for rotation therewith and houses a screw conveyer 34 for movement of the particles in countercurrent to hot gases from a burner 26, which gases are exhausted under the influence of a fan 33 through a duct 46. The particles pass through apertures in the end 22 of the housing 18 into the feed end 14 of the container for passage therealong with the material to be dried to the screen section 38 and a lifter chamber 28 mto the feed end 21 of the housing. In a modification the particle heating housing is mounted separately and above the container.
Patent GB-795243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in distillation apparatus
Inventor: ADOLPHI GUENTHER
IPC: B01D1/22
Filed: 1955-03-17
Abstract: <PICT:0795243/III/1> A distillation column, for the rectification of liquid mixtures under vacuum, is provided with vertically - disposed plates, means for causing the reflux liquid to flow down the surfaces of the plates in thin layers so that efficient contact is obtained between the liquid and the rising vapours, and vapouroutlets around the column casing below the uppermost edges of the plates, the vapour leaving the columnspace through lateral gaps between the edges of the plates.  In the column shown, a stack 8 of plates forms a right angle with adjacent stacks.  Reflux liquid is introduced into the column through inlet 1, and flows through perforated plate 2 on to the vertical plates 3 of the uppermost stack.  The upper edge of each plate of this stack is bent in the direction of the adjacent plate so that the liquid is constrained to flow down the surfaces of plates 3. Vapours from the still enter the column through inlet 4. Fractionated vapours leave the upper section of the column through apertures 5, which completely surround the column, and are withdrawn through outlet 7.  The plates may be made of metallic, plastic, ceramic, wood or textile material, and may be ribbed or perforated. Ring-shaped discs can be placed between the stacks of plates.
Patent GB-231205-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to cigarette holders
IPC: A24F13/02
Filed: 1925-03-24
Abstract: 231,205. Jilly, E. G. March 24, 1924, [Convention date]. Tobacco pipes and cigar and cigarette holders. - A cigarette holder comprises an outer tube 1 enclosing a tube 2, divided longitudinally into two or more parts and fitting the outer tube closely at its ends or throughout its length. The two parts of the tube 2 are relatively positioned by ribs 4 on one part engaging corresponding grooves in the other part. A flange 6 facilitates the withdrawal of the tube 2 from the tube 1. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) refers to cigar holders and also states that the invention is applicable to tobacco-pipes, the inner tube 2 in this case being screw-threaded to engage a correspondingly screwed extension of' the bowl This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-689357-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to battery-heating arrangements for motor vehicles
IPC: F02N99/00
Filed: 1951-04-05
Abstract: 689,357. Electric resistance heating. DAIMLER-BENZ AKT.-GES. April 5, 1951 [Nov. 2, 1948], No. 7942/51. Class 39(iii) [Also in Groups XIII and XXXVI] In heating an electric battery on a motor vehicle with a water-cooled engine, for facilitating starting of the engine by the battery, engine-cooling water warmed by a resistance coil f is used for heating the battery g. In the form shown, the engine a is provided with the usual cooling circuit including a pump b, radiator c and bypass e controlled by a thermostat d. A resistance coil f in the conduit from the enginecooling jacket is energized by the battery g which is housed in a container k through which flows water heated by the coil f. Alternatively the battery may be placed on a base or grid through which flows the heated engine-cooling water.
Patent GB-724817-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to spring upholstery
IPC: A47C27/05
Filed: 1953-03-23
Abstract: 724,817. Agglutinated fibrous sheet materials. MOULE, R. E. March 23, 1953, No. 7948/53. Drawings to Specification. Class 140. [Also in Group XIV] A padding for upholstery comprises a resilient layer of metallic strands or filaments coated and bonded together with a tacky adhesive such as latex or neoprene and compressed to a degree which leaves the padding porous.
Patent GB-1378132-A (GB)
Title: Multi-rotor trochoidal type rotary internal combustion engine
IPC: F02B53/02
Filed: 1973-02-19
Abstract: 1378132 Rotary positive-displacement machines NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 19 Feb 1973 [21 Feb 1972] 7972/73 Heading F1F In trochoidal-type I. C. engine for propelling a road vehicle and comprising rotors 2a, 2b on a common output shaft torque irregularity causing vibration of the vehicle body when the engine is acting as a brake is obviated by a passageway 10 inter-connecting an outlet channel 9a for exhaust gases and an inlet channel 7b for combustible gas mixture and controlled by an electrically-operated valve 11, which opens in response to completion of a circuit 12 by a diaphragm actuated switch when suction in the channel 7b exceeds a predetermined value. The valve 11 may be replaced with a check-valve, Fig. 2 (not shown). Alternatively, the circuit 12 contains two switches in series, one switch being responsive to crank-shaft speed and the other being responsive to deceleration, Fig. 3 (not shown). The engine may comprise more than two rotors.
Patent GB-898002-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to extraction fans
Inventor: BELCHER BASIL JOHN SAUNDERS
IPC: F04D29/14
Filed: 1958-03-12
Abstract: 898,002. Ventilators. SILAVENT, Ltd. June 12, 1959 [March 12, 1958], No. 7978/58. Class 137 [Also in Groups XXVI and XXXV] The shaft carrying the impeller of an extraction fan and the rotor of the electric driving motor can slide axially between a rest position in which the inlet to the fan casing is obstructed by the central part of the impeller disc and the rotor is axially displaced from the centre of the stator field, and an operating position in which the rotor is at or nearer the centre of the field and the inlet is more open. The fan casing 5 is fixed to a wall 31 with the inlet pipe 11 leading from a water-closet pan or other space from which air is to be extracted. The air is discharged through openings 19. The driving motor is bolted to a circular plate 14 which is mounted on the fan casing by means of a shock-absorbing tyre-shaped rubber ring 16 and a clamping ring 17. When the motor is switched off, the shaft 2 slides downwards in its bearings 20, 21 under gravity until the motor rotor 3 meets a stop surface 22. Alternatively or in addition, the shaft may be spring-loaded into this position. A central, preferably spheric cal, portion 23 of the fan impeller then obturates the flared inlet 12 to reduce back draught up the inlet pipe 11. Preferably, a small annular clearance is left between the portion 23 and the inlet 12 to lessen the danger of them being frozen together in cold weather. For the same reason, electrical heating elements may be embedded in the inlet 12 and connected in series or parallel with the motor. If complete sealing of the inlet is required, the portion 23 may engage a carbon ring mounted on the end of a resilient bellows at the inlet. When the motor is energized, the rotor 3 is attracted towards the centre of the stator field to bring the shaft and impeller into the operative position shown. This movement may be limited by an adjustable thrust pad (not shown) against which the shaft abuts in the operative position, adjustment of the thrust pad varying the capacity of the fan partly by throttling the inlet aperture and partly by displacing the rotor relative to the stator, thereby reducing the motor speed. According to the Provisional Specification, movement of the rotor into the operative position may be assisted by a solenoid connected in series with the motor. For the purpose of varying the capacity of the fan, the movement may be adjusted by adjusting the position of the rotor on the shaft. The movement may be effected manually instead of automatically. Instead of the central portion of the impeller, a separate obturating surface mounted on the shaft may be used. Alternatively, the axial movement of the shaft may operate a valve in the inlet.
Patent GB-177776-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical condensers and method of making them
IPC: H01G4/30
Filed: 1922-03-20
Abstract: 177,776. Wireless Specialty Apparatus Co., (Assignees of Priess, W. H.). March 30, 1921, [Convention date]. Condensers.-A stack of alternate sheets of conducting and dielectric material is surrounded by rigid clamping members adapted to impart pressure to the stock through resilient means. In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the stack K<8> is clamped to a metal base 83 by U-shaped metal members 81<b> surrounding the stack. The pressure of the members 81<b> is transmitted to the upper end of the stack through a metal plate P and a spring plate 83<a>, Fig. 1<A>, these members being insulated from the members 81b by mica sheets 82. The condenser is enclosed in a metal casing 26 which forms one terminal, the casing being closed by an insulating-cover C carrying the other terminals 28<a>. The base 83 engages a recess R in the bottom of the casing, and the clamping-members 81<b> engage grooves G in the upper portions of opposite walls of the casing. In a modification, the lateral portions of the two clamping-members 81b are connected together by webs. The clamping-members are preferably made of steel coated with copper, the spring plate 83a being made of vanadium steel. In making the.condenser, the conducting and insulating sheets, preferably of lead foil and mica respectively, are first coated with insulating- material such as paraffin wax. A stack built up of such sheets is immersed in a bath of molten wax, to remove moisture, and is then removed from the bath and cooled under high pressure, for the purpose of squeezing out the wax between the sheets. The stack is then split into sections of the required capacity, each section being tested for voltage breakdown. Defective sections are split into parts which are separately tested, defective parts being again split up and tested, in order to eliminate the defective portions with the least possible waste. The sections are then assembled to form the stack K<8>, which is placed in a press, as shown in Fig. 6, and subjected to high pressure, the screws 84, securing the clamping-members 81<b> to the base 83, being tightened while the stack is in the press. The stack is then heated by immersion in a hot paraffin bath and again.placed in the press, and submitted to a pressure sufficient to flatten the spring plate 83a or set it to a given final deflexion, the pressure employed being about 1000 1b. per square inch. The stack is then transferred to the casing 26, which is filled with molten paraffin wax introduced through a temporary waxing head attached to the open end of the casing. The wax is solidified by gradual cooling from the bottom upwards, to avoid the formation of cracks or voids, and the waxing head with the excess of wax is finally removed from the casing.
Patent GB-221441-A (GB)
Title: Doors for buildings
IPC: E06B3/36
Filed: 1924-03-31
Abstract: 221,441. Schols, P. A. March 31, 1924. D o o r s and door frames.-In a double frame provided with a single door hinged to a central post so as to swing alternately into ea.ch frame, the door is adapted to swing outside the lesser angle between the two frames, as shown in Fig. I. The double frame may be combined with two ordinarv doors to make a. square landing, so that two gangways at rightangles to each other may be provided.
Patent GB-493022-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved log splitting tool
IPC: B27L7/06
Filed: 1938-03-16
Abstract: 493,022. Splitting wood ; log-splitting tools. THEYER, H. S. March 16, 1938, No. 8130. [Class 145 (i)] [Also in Group XXI] Log-splitting tools in which an explosive charge is inserted into the bore a<2> of a punch which is driven into the end of the log, the charge being ignited by a fuze inserted into a touch hole a<5>, are constructed with a serrated tapered end a<6> formed by annular saw teeth like cuts. The taper may be greater towards the end.
Patent GB-866812-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to pantograph current collectors
Inventor: AUSTIN CHARLES VALENTINE
IPC: B60L5/22
Filed: 1958-03-13
Abstract: 866,812. Pantograph current collectors. STONE & CO. (DEPTFORD) Ltd., J. May 28, 1959 [March 13, 1958], No. 8169/58. Class 104 (3). In a pantograph current collector the current collector member 1 is resiliently supported on a vertical member 2 carried by the main pantograph structure 3, 3a, 3b by a rubber-sandwich mounting or mountings 6. The mountings 6 are upwardly inclined towards one another and inwardly inclined towards the centre of the current collector member 1. As shown in Fig. 4, each rubber-sandwich mounting 6 comprises two waisted rubber cushions 8, 9 bonded to an intermediate metal disc 10 and metal discs 11, 12. The disc 11 and 12 are secured by bolts 14 and 13 to cross-pieces 5 and 7. The tilting or displacement of each mounting 6 is limited by a surrounding canopy 15 abutting, at its open end, a distance-piece 16.
Patent GB-362282-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cushions or pillows
IPC: A47G9/10
Filed: 1931-03-17
Abstract: 362,282. Cushions and pillows. BOURGHARDT, J., Tuvevõgen, Gothenberg, Sweden. March 17, 1931, No. 8222. [Class 52 (iv).] In a cushion or pillow of the kind having inner and outer cases these are seamed together around the peripheral edges 5 of the upper and lower faces of the inner case.
Patent GB-526393-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in, and relating to, electrical accessories fitted with earthed connections
IPC: H01R13/70
Filed: 1939-03-15
Abstract: 526,393. Two-part couplings combined with switches. CRABTREE & CO., Ltd., J. A., McLOUGHLIN, H. F. and HARRISON. B. G. March 15, 1939, No. 8252. [Class 38 (i)] The earthing socket m is formed of two pairs of claws bent up from a plate h which forms ar arm by which the socket is mounted on a screw i fixed non-rotatably in the body b of the fitting by means of a pin p lying in slots q An insulating washer r surrounds the screw and a nut s secures the plate h. , A terminal screw k and lug l serve to secure a lead to the plate. The plug entry holes for the live plugs a<1> are formed as notches in the edge of the base b and closed by the cover that encloses the switch mechanism d.
Patent GB-287469-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in brake mechanism for trailers
IPC: B60T7/20
Filed: 1928-03-19
Abstract: 287,469. Arx, A. von, (Assignee of Ammann & Wild Akt.-Ges.)., and Hilty, A. Kong-. March 20, 1927, [Convention date]. Actuated or applied by backward pressure of tractor or relaxation of pull and by weights.- In brake mechanism for trailer vehicles adapted to be applied automatically when this vehicle tends to overrun the tractor vehicle the rod 18 by which the trailer is coupled to the tractor, slides in the frame 21 hinged at 40 to the turning fore-carriage and is connected by a rod 28 to a member 27 which forms a rotary bearing for another member 26 to which is connected rods 29, 30 extending to a yoke 31 attached to a rod 32, 34 connected to band brakes arranged to act upon the rear wheels. The members 26, 27 are slotted as shown for the passage of the pivot 23 by which the upper and lower turn-table parts 16, 17 are connected. A perforated piston working in a cylinder 33 is attached to the rod 32, 34 to serve as a damping device to the movement of the rod. Thus when, as on an incline the trailer presses towards the tractor, the rod 18 slides backwards relatively to the frame 22 of the trailer and the brakes are thus applied thereto. The connections 26, 27 render the operation of the brake independent of the turning movement of the forecarriage. The rod 34 may be connected to a lever carrying a weight 39 which when the rod has been moved in the direction to apply the brakes assumes a position in which it assists this action. Fig. 11 shows an arrangement in which this action is increased. The bell-crank 45 pivoted at 52 on the vehicle frame engages the rod 34 and carries a weight 46. The shaft of the bell-crank carries a toothed wheel 53 engaging a second toothed wheel 54 on the shaft of which is secured a lever 56 carrying a weight 57. For the connections 26, 27 there may be substituted a yoke member similar to the yoke 31, Fig. 4, pivotally mounted upon the end of the rod 28 which is slotted to receive the pivot 23. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes also a simplified arrangement of mechanism for a two-wheeled trailer in which there is no turning fore-carriage. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1080085-A (GB)
Title: A device for adjusting the width of a discharge opening in a cone type crusher
Inventor: KRITSKY EVGENY LJUDVIGOVICH
IPC: B02C2/04
Filed: 1966-02-25
Abstract: 1,080,085. Gyratory crushers. VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO ISSLEDOVATELSKY I PROEKTNY INSTITUTE MEKHANICHESKOI OBRABOTKI POLEZNYKH ISKOPAEMYKH. Feb. 25, 1966, No. 8376/66. Heading B2A. The crushing gap of a gyratory crusher, having an hydraulically-suspended crushing head 1, is controlled by a device which comprises a means to measure a specified amount of liquid displaced from an hydraulic cylinder 3 when the crushing head goes vertically down to a specified distance from the surface where it contacts the bowl 2. An actuator has a control circuit allowing the head to be fixed at a required height after the amount of liquid has escaped from the hydraulic cylinder, the circuit being linked with a means to measure the amount of liquid. In operation, assuming tramp material gets into the crushing gap, air in cylinder 5 is compressed, and the width of the gap enlarges momentarily to permit passage of the material. The crusher then stops operating, a pump 8 is started by a control unit, 6 the pressure of liquid in the support cylinder 3 rises until the surfaces of head 1 and bowl 2 are in contact, at which time the pressure increases sharply, actuating a pressure sensitive relay 9. This disengages the pump 8 and opens a valve 10, permitting a non-return valve 11 to close. The head descends by gravity and the liquid from the cylinder 3 fills a measuring vessel 13, whose volume equals that of the liquid displaced from the cylinder 3, when the head descends by the specified amount. A timed relay 14 then operates to shut the valve 10 and open the valve 15, so that the head ceases to move down. A gauge 16 is connected with a pickup 17 to check the width of the gap. The measuring vessel may be made variable by use of a piston 18, Fig. 2 (not shown). In further embodiments a flow meter 20 is used to measure the displacement of liquid and control the valve 10, Fig. 3 (not shown), or the amount of liquid is weighed by a device 22 .. 24, Fig. 4 (not shown), or the time taken for the predetermined amount of liquid to escape from the cylinder may be used to control the valve 10, Fig. 5 (not shown).