Patent GB-784318-A (GB)
IPC: B29C65/48
Abstract: 784,318. Fabrics composed of adhesivelybonded fibrous material or yarns; laminates. BRITISH CELANESE, Ltd. May 13, 1954 [May 15, 1953; July 28, 1953], Nos. 13678/53 and 20902/53. Class 140. [Also in Groups IV (a) IX and XXVIII] Fabrics are 'composed of cellulose or cellulose acetate yarns coated with an elastomeric, waterresistant, non-inflammable film-forming material. The fabrics may be knitted, netted or woven, but where high lateral strength is unnecessary, coated yarns in parallel alignment may be bonded together without using weft yarns, or with weft yarns spaced widely apart. Laminates can be made by bonding together a plurality of layers of weftless fabric, or by bonding preformed sheets of the film-forming material to one or both sides of the fabric. The threads in one fabric layer may lie at an angle to those in the next layer or tubular laminates may be produced by winding two or more layers of weftless fabric or warps of coated yarns round a mandrel and effecting the bonding on the mandrel. Such tubular laminates may be slit to form a sheet or flattened with all layers bonded together. Alternatively, a random assembly of cut lengths of coated yarns may be bonded, e.g. by hot-pressing between two layers of non-adherent fabric which are subsequently stripped off. Two or more layers of fabric woven from the coated yarns may be bonded together by additional layers of film-forming material and further layers of this material may be provided on one or both sides of the laminate. The preferred core yarn is of continuous filament regenerated cellulose made by the complete saponification of cellulose acetate of acetyl value between 51 and 62.5 per cent and that had been stretched in moist steam or hot water. The coating material may be polyvinyl chloride plasticised with tricresyl phosphate, or a trixylenyl phosphate. Other plasticisers mentioned are dibutyl phthalate, and di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate. Instead of polyvinyl chloride, other polymers containing a high proportion of chlorine may be employed for the coating, such as copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride, chlorinated polythene and polychloroprene. The coating may be applied by passing the yarns in parallel over a circumferentially-grooved furnishing roll rotatable in a bath of coating paste. From the roll, the yarns pass above an infra-red heater to gel the coating. Coating and bonding may take place together by feeding the coating composition together with the yarns into a hot calender. Sheets of film-forming material may be calendered on to the fabric after pressing. The fabrics formed from the coated yarns may be used for truck covers, fire-resistant clothing, conveyer belts, driving belts, e.g. spindle driving tapes, or openwork materials for camouflage or for display beneath a glass table-top or as lampshades when employed between sheets of transparent material. According to the first Provisional Specification, the core yarns may be of natural silk, nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, copolymers of acrylonitrile with vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or glass fibres. The second Provisional Specification refers also to core yarns of polyurethanes, animal fibres such as wool and vegetable fibres such as cotton, linen and jute.