baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-816120-A (GB)
Title: A new antibiotic, novobiocin, and preparation thereof
IPC: C07H17/075
Filed: 1956-08-21
Abstract: <PICT:0816120/IV (b)/1> <PICT:0816120/IV (b)/2> An antibiotic novobiocin is prepared by cultivating Streptomyces griseus ATCC 12318, or a mutant thereof, in an aqueous nutrient medium containing a source of carbohydrate, nitrogen and trace-inorganic elements under submerged aerobic conditions.  A temperature of 25 DEG  to 35 DEG  C. and a duration of 2 to 6 days are employed.  A suitable medium contains starch, enzymatic digest of casein, molasses fermentation residue, calcium carbonate and water and has a pH of 7.0.  Novobiocin may be isolated from the clarified broth by extraction at pH 2.0 by means of methyl isobutylketone, ether, ethyl acetate or butyl alcohol.  In an example, a methyl isobutyl ketone extract is treated with aqueous sodium bicarbonate to form the sodium salt or with aqueous ammonia of pH 9.5 to form the ammonium salt.  The aqueous ammonia extract is adjusted to pH 2.0 with mineral acid and then extracted with ether and ammonium novobiocin precipitated by passing in ammonia gas.  Novobiocin may be further purified by dissolving in benzene/ethylacetate, passing the solution down a column of acid washed alumina and eluting with benzene/ethyl acetate, containing gradually increasing amounts of ethanol.  The novobiocin may then be recrystallized from water and methanol.  Novobiocin is active against a wide range of bacteria, it is acidic, forming salts with inorganic bases and organic bases such as trimethylamine, benzylamine and piperidine; it gives a greenish brown with ferric chloride; it melts at 153 DEG  to 155 DEG  C.; has an optical rotation [a ]25D - 53 DEG (in methanol) and a neutral equivalent of 642; it contains carbon 59.2 per cent, hydrogen 5.94 per cent, nitrogen 4.33 per cent and oxygen 30.53 per cent; it shows ultra-violet absorption peaks at 310 mm  and 246 mm  with an inflection at 289-290 mm  and a valley at 270 mm ; it exhibits characteristic absorption in the infra-red at the following frequencies expressed in reciprocal centimetres 3470, 3360, 2940, 2890, 1715, 1690, 1630, 1605, 1580, 1535, 1510, 1475, 1445, 1435, 1370, 1345, 1315, 1290, 1255, 1180, 1155, 1120, 1070, 1060, 1020, 1005, 995, 965, 930, 915, 835, 825, 815, 810, 790, 785, 765, 755 and 745.  It is non-toxic and is used in the treatment of humans, animals and plants and as a general disinfectant (see Group VI).ALSO:Novabiocin, or a salt thereof with an inorganic or organic base, is used in composition for the treatment of bacterial infection in humans, animals and plants, Suitable carriers are starch, milk sugar, clays and water, if a salt such as the sodium or ammonium salt is used.  Other therapeutic substances may be present.  Solutions may be used for sterilizing equipment such as surgical instruments.
Patent GB-1431572-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L31/00
Filed: 1973-05-30
Abstract: 1431572 Photoconductive devices PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 30 May 1973 [2 June 1972] 25624/73 Heading H1K A photoresistor consists of an ohmically contacted low resistivity monocrystalline semiconductor substrate and epitaxially deposited thereon a first layer of intermediate resistivity, a second compensated high resistivity photoconductive layer and a third low resistivity layer provided with an ohmic contact. In a preferred device the substrate is À01 ohm. cm. N type silicon, the first layer is 15 Á thick and arsenic doped to a resistivity of À15 ohm. cm., the second layer 10-20 Á thick and arsenic doped to 1À5 ohm. cm. resistivity, and the third layer which is 7 Á thick is doped with arsenic or phosphorus to a resistivity of À001 ohm. cm. After deposition of the layers, preferably in a continuous process, gold is deposited, preferably on the third layer, at 110‹ C., alloyed in at 410‹ C. and then heated to 1030‹ C. for 20 minutes to give a uniform concentration of 10<SP>15</SP> gold atoms/ c.c. throughout the body thereby compensating the doping of the second layer to increase its resistivity to 10<SP>2</SP>-10<SP>4</SP> ohm. cm. After etching in a hydrofluoric-nitric acid mix to remove the surface of the third layer to a depth of 2 Á, aluminium is deposited over it and patterned to form a grid electrode. The substrate is then attached to a support electrode, and the thickness of parts of the third layer not masked by the grid electrode further reduced to 1 Á by etching. As an alternative compensation may be effected by ion implantation.
Patent GB-815821-A (GB)
Title: Production of a thermoplastic interpolymer
IPC: C08F22/04
Filed: 1956-08-23
Abstract: A high molecular weight thermoplastic copolymer of isobutylene and N-methyl maleimide is prepared by heating a mono-N-methylamide of a copolymer of isobutylene and maleic acid alone or together with its methylamine salt to a temperature of at least 150 DEG  C. until substantially all the N-methylamide groups have been converted to N-methylimide groups.  The mono-N-methylamide may be produced by treating a copolymer of isobutylene and maleic anhydride which is substantially insoluble in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons with gaseous methylamine at a temperature below 150 DEG  C.; such a copolymer may also be converted directly to the N-methyl maleimide copolymer by heating with methylamine at a temperature above 150 DEG C.
Patent GB-444021-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing synthetic resins and coating compositions therewith
IPC: C08G63/48
Filed: 1934-09-07
Abstract: A resinous material is prepared by reacting simultaneously a polyhydric alcohol, phthalic acid, a polybasic aliphatic acid and the acid or acids that may be obtained by the hydrolysis of a fatty triglyceride with or without the addition of a natural resin or an acidic synthetic resin.  The polybasic aliphatic acid is present in an amount not exceeding approximately 15 per cent by weight of the phthalic acid unless a natural resin is present when the amount may be increased.  The fatty acids are present in sufficient quantity to render the product oil-soluble, at least about 40 per cent of the fatty acid usually being required.  Boric acid may also be present in the condensation to yield a more complex material.  Suitable polybasic aliphatic acids include maleic, malic, malomalic, succinic, tartaric, citric, fumaric and malonic acids but maleic acid is preferred.  The acidic synthetic resin used is preferably the acidic phenol-formaldehyde-natural resin-metal compound complex described in Specification 371,850 wherein the metal compound is a salt or oxide of zinc, calcium, strontium or barium.  The resinous material may be prepared in the presence of wood oil but preferably wood oil is heated alone, then heated with an acidic ester gum preferably containing zinc oxide or with a hardened natural resin and finally heated with a resinous condensate still containing free hydroxyl groups to yield a varnish base.  In examples: (1) phthalic acid, glycerol, linoleic acid and maleic, malic, malomalic, succinic or tartaric acid are condensed in the presence or absence of a phenol-aldehyde-natural resin-organic salt complex or rosin and boric acid to yield resins soluble in toluene; (8) acidic ester gum containing zinc oxide is added to heated wood oil and after heating the product is mixed with a reaction product of phthalic acid, maleic acid, linoleic stearic or ricinoleic acid, colophony and excess glycerol to yield a varnish base.  Specifications 330,895, [Class 2 (iii)], 356,141, 358,491, 371,850, and 407,914 also are referred to.
Patent GB-792796-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to projectile fuzes
IPC: F42C9/04
Filed: 1956-08-23
Abstract: 792,796. Projectile fuzes. INVENTA AKT.- GES. FUR FORSCHUNG UND PATENTVERWERTUNG. Aug. 23, 1956 [Aug. 23, 1955], No. 25805/56. Class 9(1) A clockwork fuze 1 for a projectile is provided having the rotating parts arranged with their centres of gravity coinciding with the axis of rotation of the projectile, the meshing wheels being successively disposed along the axis of rotation. The clockwork may be enclosed in a tube 6 closed by a plate 2 above the escapement 4 and forming a striker to drive a firing pin 9 against a detonator 10. The tube is stressed by a spring 7 and the clockwork driving spring 5 has a release cam. The pivots of the toothed wheels 3 may be mounted in plates within the tube 6, so that the wheels are inclined to the axis of the projectile
Patent GB-774577-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the illumination of instrument dials
Inventor: RUFF HAROLD ROBERT
IPC: G04B19/32
Filed: 1952-11-07
Abstract: 774,577. Electroluminescence. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Nov. 6, 1953 [Nov. 7, 1952], No. 25807/56. Divided out of 774,576. Class 39(1). An illuminated instrument dial has an electroluminescent cell of annular form enclosed between the cover glass 7 and a glass ring 13 so as to illuminate the white painted dial 4 over which the pointer 3 moves. The upper conducting layer 10 of the cell is of opaque material e.g. a metal washer which prevents light from the cell reaching the observer direct, and the glass ring 13 also prevents sideways dispersion of the light from the cell. Specification 731,677 is referred to.
Patent GB-388687-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to smoke-tube superheaters in which the return bends ofthe superheater elements project into the fire-box, combustion chamber or the like
IPC: F22G7/02
Filed: 1932-09-16
Abstract: 388,687. Steam superheaters. SCHMIDT'SCHE HEISSDAMPF-GES., 2, Rolandstrasse, Wilhelmsh÷he, Cassel, Germany. Sept. 16, 1932, No. 25831. Convention date, Sept. 16, 1931. [Class 123 (iii).] Smoke-tube s u p e r - heaters in which the elements project into the firebox or combustion chamber have an extension 8 of the smoke tube projecting into the firebox &c. of a length at least twice its outside diameter and made of high-grade heatresisting material, for accommodating the return bends 4 and part of the tube lengths themselves. The extensions may be integral with the smoke tubes and the projecting parts made heat-resisting as by spraying with aluminium or parkerizing, or may comprise sleeves of high-grade heat-resisting steel alloy butt-welded to the smoke tubes. Or the extension sleeves may be spot-welded to the tube plate or may be inserted into the ends of the smoke tube and secured as by spotwelding at the joint between the tube end and a positioning collar on the sleeve. The element return bends may be of heat-resisting alloy.
Patent GB-1095664-A (GB)
Title: Thrust washers and methods of making such washers
Inventor: YOUNG DAVID STANLEY
IPC: B21D53/20
Filed: 1965-06-18
Abstract: 1,095,664. Making thrust washers. GLACIER METAL CO. Ltd. April 15, 1966 [June 18, 1965], No. 25935/65. Heading B3A. Semi-circular thrust half washers having notches 15, 16 in the inner or outer periphery are formed by punching a first semi-circular half washer 12 having no notches from a strip which is then moved in the direction A by an amount such that when a subsequent half washer 13 is punched from the strip the periphery of the punching die intersects the aperture left by the first half washer and a half washer having the notches 15, 16 is formed. In another embodiment the direction of movement of the strip is reversed and half washers having recesses 8, 9 on the inner periphery are formed. In another embodiment (not shown) the die is cut away at the points of intersection. A pair of the washers may be used in a bearing housing provided with projections which extend into the notches and prevent the washers rotating.
Patent GB-1400277-A (GB)
Title: Process for the erection of concrete constructions
IPC: E04B1/16
Filed: 1972-06-02
Abstract: 1400277 Cast concrete walls incorporating lost formwork slabs of concrete; retaining walls M C F ROUSSET 2 June 1972 [7 June 1971] 25952/72 Headings E1B and E1H Concrete constructions - e.g. a wall of a building, a retaining wall, or a bridge pier-are erected by locating in side-by-side alignment two metal reinforced concrete lost shuttering plates 1 with parts of the reinforcements, e.g. separate loops 11, protruding from a major face into a space between the plates and an opposing wall or other lost shuttering plate or plates; securing aligned plates 1 together between clamping inner and outer tie plates as 7, 8 bridging the junction of the plates 1 and connected by a bolt or screw spike 5, pouring concrete into the space defined so as at least to embed the reinforcement protruding from the plates 1, and after setting of the poured concrete removing the bolt or spike 5 and the external tie plate 8, the outer surface of the plate I serving as a facing and being optionally provided with facing elements of stone, sandstone, tiles, relief moulding elements or other decorative plate or like elements. Further metal reinforcement may be located in the poured concrete receiving space as at 12. Structures of height greater than the height of the plates 1 may be produced by securing similar plates 1, on top of the plates 1 using clamping tie plates 7, 8 and bolts 5, the concrete previously poured stopping short of the top of the plates 1 until the clamping tie plates have been secured in position. During erection of walls formed with opposed assemblies of lost shuttering plates 1, removable spacing tie struts 9 with supporting struts 9a may be used, the plates 1 being mounted in a recess in a reinforced concrete foundation member 2 into which as shown the reinforcement 12 may penetrate. The joints between the plates may be filled with a soft filler or concrete. Fig. 3 (not shown) shows the application of the invention to the construction of a pier and top plate of a bridge.
Patent GB-983754-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical toggle circuits
Inventor: BRINKER CARL SIEGMUND DEN
IPC: H03K3/315
Filed: 1961-07-18
Abstract: 983,754. Tunnel diode bi-stable circuits. BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH Ltd. July 16, 1962 [July 18, 1961], No. 26031/61. Heading H3T. A tunnel diode bi-stable trigger circuit comprises two tunnel diodes D3, D4 connected in series with resistors R1, R2 and a D.C. source as shown in Fig. 1, the junction point between the diodes being at earth potential and first and second control potentials, positive and negative respectively with respect to earth, applied alternatively to the junctions between diode D3 and resistor R1 and between diode D4 and resistor R2 so as to switch the diodes from one stable state to a second stable state. Initially tunnel diode D3 is in its low-voltage state and tunnel diode D4 in its high-voltage state, but when a positive-going pulse of the necessary value is applied to the set terminal SE diode D3 switches to its high-voltage state and diode D4 to its low-voltage state. In order to reset the circuit a negative-going pulse is applied to reset terminal RE. The output from the circuit is taken from the junction between two similar diodes D1, D2 connected together in series across the tunnel diodes.
Patent GB-600423-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to automatic telephone systems
IPC: H04Q3/00
Filed: 1945-10-05
Abstract: 600,423. Automatic exchange systems. SIEMENS BROS. & CO., Ltd., and YATES, K. R. Oct. 5, 1945, No. 26033. [Class 40 (iv)] In a system involving only a small number of subscribers, the only relays in each subscriber's line circuit are line relays LA, LB, each individual to one of a number of commonly available links, link A and link B. A link circuit includes only two relays, a feed relay A and a hold relay B. When a called subscriber replies, his corresponding line relay connects the line to the same link and B operates. On receipt of the first impulse, all the line relays of the system are disconnected from their lines and are not connected again until after the application of ringing current. Circuit operation. At the commencement of a call, start relay TC is operated over the caller's loop. Line relay LA follows and locks. Relay LA is followed by KA, which transfers the control of TC to link B and provided earth at ka5 to operate C and G. At rg, ringing generator RG periodically reverses the charge on QD and induces dialling tone over the upper winding of A. Dialled impulses operate magnet SM in series with CA to step the wipers S1 to S5 of the stepping switch to mark the wanted line on S4 (or S3 if link B is used). At the first impulse, off-normal contact S5 operates N which disconnects all the line relays. Slugged relay C remains operated over ca2 during impulsing. The wanted line is tested by H, which operates in series with the line relay LA of the wanted line, if idle, and connects ringing current to the line from RG, over s1, s2, but LA does not operate until the called line is looped to operate F. Relay F locks in series with LA, releasing H and G, stopping RG and connecting up B. Operation of the called subscriber's LA connect the called line to A and to the caller. At this stage, the hold on the caller's LA is transferred to B from KA, which releases and closes the homing circuit of the switch. When the switch returns to normal, N releases and the common apparatus is ready for another call over the link B. Busy signals. If both links are busy when a call is started, no dialling tone is heard. If the wanted line is busy, test relay H does not operate, G releases following C and BG provides busy tone over g2 and the upper winding of A. If both links are seized simultaneously, the first caller to dial gains control of the common apparatus and the other caller is disconnected therefrom by the priority relay CA or CB of the successful caller.
Patent GB-1009126-A (GB)
Title: Merchandise display rack
IPC: B42F17/08
Filed: 1963-07-01
Abstract: 1,009,126. Racks; shelving. HALLMARK CARDS Inc. July 1, 1963 [April 23, 1963], No. 26055/63. Heading A4B and A4H. A knock-down rack comprises a plurality of planar, tubular metal frames 2 which are laterally spaced or may include two adjacent frames 2 arranged mutually at right angles, each frame 2 comprising a rectangular centre section 3 formed of bars 4-7, legs 8, 9 with adjustable feet 11, and spaced columns 12, 17 having transverse perforations 13 therethrough to receive pins for supporting display members, spaced frames 2 being interconnected by transverse supports 21, 22 releasably engaging by their notched ends slots 20 in the legs 8, 9 and frames 2 arranged perpendicularly being engaged by clips 108 on the mutually perpendicular side walls of a brace member 106. The frames 2 include extensions 74 having integral depending portions which engage within the top of the front support column 17. Inverted L-shaped supports 93 engage in the top of the rear columns 12 and support lighting units 96. The rack includes invertable back panels 51 having hook-like clips (Fig. 6 not shown) on their side edges which engage slots 15 in the rear support columns 12; angularly adjustable shelves 87, 91 supported at their ends in channels 77 in turn adjustably supported by pins engaging the perforations 13 in the columns 12, 17; trays 116 supported on shelves 117 or otherwise between frames 2; trays 114 having clips 115 engaging the frame centre sections 3; single drawer units 37 having grooves in their bottom for engaging projections 31 on the front transverse support 21 and resting on the rear support 22 and provided with a cover plate 42 which is grooved to fit around the columns 12, 17; double drawer units 32 in which the superimposed drawers are releasably locked together by pins; card display units 100 and 110 located by their notches ends, such as 102, on pins 104 engaged in the front columns 17 and incorporating dividers 103<SP>1</SP> which cover the joint between a pair of adjacent units 100; and end members 61, 62 grooved to engage the support columns 12, 17 and an associated brace member 19. Specification 964,868 is referred to.
Patent GB-437551-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fire extinguishers
IPC: A62C13/00
Filed: 1934-09-11
Abstract: 437,551. Fire-extinguishers. BISHOP, J. S., 6, Gleneagle Villas, Mannamead, Plymouth. Sept. 11, 1934, No. 26091. [Class 47 (ii)] In an extinguisher of the kind in which a liquid is held under pressure in a container 1, the dip tube 6 is made of a metal which is softer than the valve member 8, and projects somewhat into the valve chamber 7 in the head 3. Preferably, a recess 11 is provided around the end of the tube. When the valve member is screwed down by means of the rotatable cap 16, its conical end 17 splays out or deforms the end of the tube 6 to form an effective valve seat without blocking the discharge passage. By removal of the cap 16, the container 1 can be charged with liquid through a port 18 closed by a plug 5. If the tube 6 has thin walls, the sealing end of the valve member may be hemispherical.
Patent GB-1476504-A (GB)
Title: Optical target tracking arrangement
IPC: G02B17/08
Filed: 1974-06-12
Abstract: 1476504 Frequency selective reflecting/refracting system HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO 12 June 1974 [25 June 1973] 26149/74 Heading G2J [Also in Division H4] An optical arrangement for a target tracking system, see group H4, includes a selectively reflecting surface carried on one surface of a separating element and a reflecting surface on the other whereby laser light and infrared light respectively can be projected to and received from, a target and separated at the tracking device. In Fig. 1 the target 20 emits I.R. 21 which passes through the selective reflector 13 coated via prisms 12 to be reflected at 11 and received at detector 30. Laser 40 emits light of a wavelength reflected by surface 13 into the target. Figs. 4 and 5 show bassegranicus systems in which one of the two reflectors comprises a lens 110 with reflective coating 111 and selectively reflecting coating 113 arranged as shown. The target is 120, the detector 130 and the laser 140.
Patent GB-438230-A (GB)
Title: New rubber product
IPC: C08C1/12
Filed: 1934-09-12
Abstract: Rubber dust having a particle size of less than 75 m  is made by atomizing latex to which a protective substance has been added, into a current of drying air of such velocity as to prevent agglomeration of the droplets before they are dry.  In an example, the latex is sprayed by a disc of 30 cm. diameter at 15,000 revolutions per minute, or a disc of 50 cm. diameter of 9000 revolutions per minute into a current of air moving at 250 metres per second. Specifications 388,341, [Group V], 396,579, and 438,249 are referred to.ALSO:Rubber dust having a particle size of less than 75 m  is made by atomizing latex to which a protective substance has been added into a current of drying air of such velocity as to prevent agglomeration of the droplets before they are dry.  In an example, the latex is sprayed from a disc of 30 cm. diameter at 15,000 revolutions per minute, or a disc of 50 cm. diameter at 9,000 revolutions per minute into a current of air moving at 250 metres per second.  Specifications 388,341, 396,579, [Group III], and 438,249 are referred to.