baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1281542-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of 1,1,1-trichloroethane
Inventor: CAMPBELL ALASTAIR
IPC: C07C19/05
Filed: 1969-10-15
Abstract: 1281542 1,1,1-Trichloroethane IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 22 Sept 1970 [15 Oct 1969] 50715/69 Heading C2C 1,1,1-Trichloroethane is prepared by (a) thermal vapour-phase chlorination of 1,1- dichloroethane, (b) separating from the chlorinator exit steam a light fraction comprising vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and hydrogen chloride, (c) passing at least a portion of said light fraction to a first liquid-phase hydrochlorination zone for conversion to 1,1-dichloroethane and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, (d) hydrochlorinating an extraneous source of vinyl chloride in a second liquid-phase hydrochlorination zone to produce 1,1-dichloroethane, (e) passing 1,1- dichloroethane from the said hydrochlorination zones, and unreacted 1,1-dichloroethane from the chlorination zone, to the chlorination zone, and (f) separating 1,1,1-trichloroethane from the heavy fraction of the chlorination exit stream, and from the first hydrochlorination zone. Hydrochlorination is preferably effected in a 1,1-dichloroethane medium with ferric chloride as catalyst. Liquid may be passed from the second hydrochlorination zone of step (d) to the first hydrochlorination zone of step (c). Vinylidene chloride may be tapped off prior to hydrochlorination. Chlorination may be effected at atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure. Chlorination is preferably effected in a tubular reactor closed at one end to provide a turbulent reaction zone. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane may be recovered by fractional distillation.
Patent GB-1184768-A (GB)
Title: Electrolytic Cell for Removal and Recovery of SO2 from Waste Gases
IPC: C01B17/60
Filed: 1968-10-25
Abstract: 1,184,768. Electro-dialysis. IONICS Inc. Oct. 25, 1968 [Dec.27, 1967], No. 50816/68. Heading C7B. An aqueous salt solution is converted into its corresponding acid, acid salt and base in a four compartment cell 1 having an anode compartment 2 separated from the adjacent acid salt compartment 4 by an ion-permeable water-impermeable membrane 3, in turn separated from the adjacent feed compartment 6 by a water-permeable porous diaphragm 5, in turn separated from the adjacent cathode compartment 8 by a cation selective ionexchange membrane 7, wherein the salt (e. g. Na 2 SO 4 ) solution is introduced into the feed compartment from inlet 11 under sufficient pressure to cause it to pass through the diaphragm into the acid salt compartment (e. g. containing NaHSO 4  ). Aqueous liquid e. g. water is introduced into the electrode compartments 2 and 8 from which is removed the acid and base, e. g. H 2 SO 4  and NaOH, via outlets 10 and 14 respectively; the acid salt passes out of the compartment 4 via outlet 17. The effluent products may be used in a cyclic scrubber process for the removal and recovery of acidic gases such as SO2 from gases containing the same. The base (NaOH) from outlet line 16 contacts the gases in a scrubber tower 26 to absorb SO 2  to form NaHSO 3 , the spent solution then passing via outlet line 29 to a neutralizer-stripping tank 18 where it mixes with the effluent from the acid salt compartment to regenerate the Na 2 SO 4  solution which is recycled back to the feed compartment by pump 41. The SO 2  may be stripped by a boiler 35, steam, vacuum or air. Part of the acid effluent may be recycled back to the anode compartment. The cation selective membrane 7 may contain carboxylic acid groups; the ion-permeable membrane 3 may be cation selective e.g. containing sulphonic acid groups, anion selective, or neutral (semi-permeable) e.g. a cellulose ether or regenerated cellulose. The diaphragm 5 may be of rubber, ceramic, polyethylene, canvas, asbestos or PTFE. The anod 9 may be of Pb or Pb alloys of Ag, Sb or Te (e. g. 2% Ag and 1% Te), W bronze, Pt or Pt-coated valve metal e. g. Nb, Ta, Zr, or Ti; the cathode 12 may be of Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe or steel. A plurality of four compartment cells placed in stack arrangement may be used with bi-metallic bi-polar electrodes placed common to two individual cells e.g. of Ni - Pt.
Patent GB-1067738-A (GB)
Title: Plastics carrying case or crate and method of making the same
Inventor: BEESLEY ROBERT LEE
IPC: B65D1/22
Filed: 1964-12-18
Abstract: 1,067,738. Injection moulding containers. DOW CHEMICAL CO. Dec. 18, 1964 [Jan. 6, 1964], No. 51539/64. Heading B5A. [Also in Division B8] A plastics crate (see Division B8) is formed by injecting thermoplastic material in to a mould at the centre 44 of the base of the crate along flow lines 40 to the edge of the base. The flow distance to the edge from the centre of the base is arranged to be substantially the same in all directions to ensure uniform material distribution.
Patent GB-1034020-A (GB)
Title: Trimming device for aircraft
IPC: B64C13/00
Filed: 1964-12-21
Abstract: 1,034,020. Controlling aircraft. HAMBURGER FLUGZEUGBAU G.m.b.H. Dec. 21, 1964 [Dec. 24, 1963], No. 51805/64. Heading B7G. An aircraft trim tab 6 (Fig. 1, not shown), is moved hydraulically by an hydraulic motor 7 or manually by a hand wheel I connected to rotating shafting 2. The hydraulic motor has a piston 12 (Fig. 2, not shown), with a screwthreaded bore which engages a screw-threaded part 13 of the shafting, so that axial movement of the piston rotates the shafting. The motor is controlled by a valve 8 movable by a pushbutton controlled relay 18 to admit fluid selectively to either side of the piston or to connect the two motor lines 16, 17 to allow the piston to move freely as the shafting is rotated manually. The rotary motion of the shafting 2 is converted into longitudinal movement of a rod 4 by a screw and nut device 3. Rotation of the piston is prevented by a toggle link 15 or by an extension of the piston externally of the cylinder, which extension has projections engaging axial slots in the motor casing (Fig. 3, not shown).
Patent GB-1111774-A (GB)
Title: Stopper in combination with a plastics bag
IPC: G03D13/02
Filed: 1966-11-21
Abstract: 1,111,774. Stoppers. AGFA-GEVAERT A.G. 21 Nov., 1966 [10 Dec., 1965], No. 51975/66. Heading B8T. A stopper having a cap 1 and sealing ridges 4 around its inner end is inserted into the neck-tube of a plastics bag used to supply photographic developer to an apparatus by attaching its neck-tube to a feed pipe thereof. The inner end 3 of the stopper may be hollow.
Patent GB-1378823-A (GB)
Title: Touch sensitive electronic switch
IPC: H03K17/96
Filed: 1972-11-10
Abstract: 1378823 Touch responsive switches MAGIC DOT INC 10 Nov 1972 [16 Nov 1971 (3) 16 March 1972 23 June 1972] 52034/72 Heading G1N A touch response switch has three electrodes; a first 50 of which is connected to the input terminal of a preferred amplifier and switch circuit; a second 42 of which is connected to the supply veil 80 of the circuit, and a third 58 of which is arranged between the first and second electrodes and insulated from them and is connected to a reference potential e.g. earth, thereby preventing leakage current flowing between the first and second electrodes due for example to the presence of surface contaminents; the first and second electrodes having top surfaces which are above the level of the top surface of the third electrode and are exposed to the finger of an operator for allowing the finger to touch the first and second electrodes to allow current to flow through the resistance of the skin and actuate the circuit; and there being first, second and third electrical connections to the electrodes e.g. leads 71, 84 and 90. The top surface of second electrode 42 is above the level of the top surface of the first electrode 50 whereby the finger makes contact with it first whereby it is stated A.C. voltage introduced by the operator are grounded.
Patent GB-1394423-A (GB)
Title: Ink fountain divider
IPC: B41F31/18
Filed: 1973-11-09
Abstract: 1394423 Inking apparatus DAYCO CORP 9 Nov 1973 [22 Dec 1972] 52096/73 Heading B6C An ink fountain divider is mounted in a fountain, preferably by magnets 23, and has sealing material 24 which is pressed against a fountain trough 13 and fountain roller 12, the portion 26 contacting the fountain roller is so mounted that it will sealingly engage fountain rollers of differing diameters. A rod 31 is provided for altering the position of one end of portion 26 to compensate for differing fountain roller diameters.
Patent GB-1307133-A (GB)
Title: Boron carbide fibre production
IPC: B01J37/00
Filed: 1970-11-04
Abstract: 1307133 Boron - containing fibre CARBORUNDUM CO 4 Nov 1970 [14 Nov 1969] 52419/70 Heading C2B [Also in Division C1] Boric oxide fibre having a diameter up to 10 microns is heated in an ammonia atmosphere up to between 350 and 600 C. at a rate up to 5000 C./hour to produce an ammonia-treated fibre which is then heated in an atmosphere of an amine having the formula (R 1 = methyl, ethyl, propyl or allyl, R 2 =hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and R 3  is hydrogen or methyl) at 600 to 1000 C. to produce an aminetreated fibre which contains at least 15% C (e.g. 15% to 30% C, 20% to 35% B, 20% to 40% N and 10% to 30% O and H). In an example, ammonia at 1À8 l./mm. is passed through the tube of a tube furnace containing boric oxide fibres (1À8 g. diameter=4 microns), the temperature being raised from room temperature to 300 C. at 200 C./hour and to 400 C. at 50 C./hour. Methylamine is then passed through at 0À4 1./minute, the temperature being raised to 700 C. for 10 hours.
Patent GB-1475768-A (GB)
Title: Machine tools having interchangeable tool carrying units
IPC: B23Q16/00
Filed: 1974-12-04
Abstract: 1475768 Tool changers; drilling machines MOLLART ENG CO Ltd 27 Nov 1975 [4 Dec 1974] 52482/74 Addition to 1327253 Headings B3B and B3C A machine tool comprises two or more multispindle tool heads 12, 13 which are mounted on a turret 14 which is rotatable about a horizontal axis for moving a tool head into an operative position immediately above a slideway 11 of the machine tool, and for moving the tool head subsequently to an inoperative position, e.g. level with a further slideway 31, and wherein the tool heads are slidably attached to the turret 14 so that, in the operative position a tool head 13 can be moved forward relative to the turret along the slideway 11 to a working position, and in its inoperative position, can be moved backwards relative to the turret and along the slideway 31, e.g. to a loading, or storage station or to a storage magazine. When in the operative position a structure 16 housing drive means is moved into engagement with the tool head 13 and overcomes the resistance of spring urged plungers (Fig. 4, not shown) to detach the tool head from the turret and feed it to a working position. A trip plate 19 on each tool head engages a limit switch box 19A to change from a forward feed (motor 20) to tool 18 drive (motor 17). A lead screw drive 35, 36, 37 removes a tool head 12 from the turret in an inoperative position and moves it to a rear part of the slideway 31A which is pivotable upwardly to allow the tool head to be lowered down a supporting frame 41, e.g. by the use of a trolley (40) (Fig. 2, not shown). In an alternative arrangement (Fig. 5, not shown) the slideway part 31A is carried by a rotary magazine which can rotate a selected tool head into alignment with slideway 31, and which includes facilities to raise a tool head to disconnect the lead screw drive nut 37, and to lower a tool head down the central column of the magazine for tool head loading purposes.
Patent GB-1530534-A (GB)
Title: Elastomeric thermoplastic compositions
IPC: C08L23/02
Filed: 1976-12-16
Abstract: 1530534 Elastomeric thermoplastic compositions MONSANTO CO 16 Dec 1976 [17 Dec 1975] 52507/76 Heading C3M Compositions comprising (1) 25-45 parts crystalline thermoplastic polyolefin resin and (2) 75-55 parts vulcanized high unsaturation diene rubber particles dispersed throughout the resin and having a maximum particle size of 50 Á, may be prepared by mixing resin and rubber at a temperature sufficient to soften the resin and continuing to mix while adding curatives for the rubber, or by dispersing finely divided vulcanized rubber particles in the softened resin. The resin may be polyethylene or polypropylene. The rubber may be natural, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, butadiene/styrene or butadiene/nitrile rubber, which may be cured by sulphur or phenylene bismaleimide cure systems, optionally peroxide activated, or by high energy radiation. 'The compositions may be used to make tyres, belts, gaskets, hoses and mouldings, and as modifiers for thermoplastic resins.
Patent GB-1344654-A (GB)
Title: Ground freezing by means of liquid nitrogen
IPC: E21D1/14
Filed: 1971-11-12
Abstract: 1344654 Ground freezing UNION CARBIDE CANADA Ltd 12 Nov 1971 [16 Nov 1970] 52560/71 Heading E1F A method of freezing ground involves continually passing nitrogen down the header tubes 10a, b, and c and up through the coaxially surrounded conductor tubes 9a, b and c of series-connected freezer pipes 1a, b and c, the nitrogen being passed through the pipes at such a rate that it leaves the last of the pipes 1c at a temperature of between -80‹ and -120‹ F. Preferably not more than three pipes are connected in series. Nitrogen is discharged from the apertured lower ends/of the headers, and from holes spaced along at least the lower quarter of the second and third. header, these holes respectively having a total cross sectional area of 200% and 400% respectively of the bore of the header tube in which they are formed.- Baffle plates 15a, b, and c may be provided on the header tubes.
Patent GB-1281574-A (GB)
Title: Impermeable enclosure members
Inventor: WALLES WILHELM EGBERT
IPC: C08J7/14
Filed: 1969-10-27
Abstract: 1281574 Polyolefin containers DOW CHEMICAL CO 27 Oct 1969 [25 Oct 1968] 52561/69 Heading C3P Containers substantially' impermeable to  solvents, fuels, vapours and gases and comprising solid, non-aromatic hydrocarbon polymers having a linear hydrocarbon structure, at least one surface of the container having hydrogen atoms replaced by sulphonic acid salt groups so that it contains 0À01 to 50À0, or in the case of polyethylene 0À03 to 50, milligram SO 3  equivalents per square centimetre, may be prepared by treating the surface of a hydrocarbon polymer container with sulphur trioxide and converting the sulphonic acid groups produced into salt groups. Specified polymers are of ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, butene-1, methylpentene-1,  vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, and chlorinated polyethylene and poylpropylene. The surface may be treated with sulphur trioxide vapour, optionally diluted with inert gas such as air, and any resulting colour removed by bleaching with sodium hypochloride or hydrogen peroxide. Alternatively the sulphur trioxide may be in solution in metnylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloroethylene, tetrachloroethane or ethylene dichloride, as oleum or complexed with pyridine, dioxane or thioxane. Neutralization may be effected with alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides or salts of weak acids, heavy metal chlorides or sulphates, amines or ammonia. Many suitable reactants and materials are specified and examples describe the sulphonation of (1-5) polyethylene bottle and (6 and 7) polypropylene tanks. The process may also be applied to films, hoses and plastics face pieces for gas masks.
Patent GB-1384820-A (GB)
Title: Cleaning compositions
IPC: C11D3/075
Filed: 1972-11-14
Abstract: 1384820 Aqueous cleansing compositions PYRENE CHEMICAL SERVICES Ltd 14 Nov 1973 [14 Nov 1972] 52585/72 Addition to 1309092 Heading C5D An aqueous composition for cleaning paintwork or plastics consists of (a) an alkali metal polyphosphate, (b) an alkali metal silicate, (c) an aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene condensate surfactant, and (d) a hydrophilic solvent. Optionally, the solution contains (e) a complexing agent and/or (f) an anionic phosphate ester surfactant. Surfactant (c) is a condensate of 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide with a C 6  to C 18  aliphatic alcohol. Components (a), (b), (d), (e) and (f) are all as in parent Specification 1,309,092.
Patent GB-1068390-A (GB)
Title: Circular looms
IPC: D03D37/00
Filed: 1964-12-29
Abstract: 1,068,390. Circular looms. PELTZER & FILS S. A. Dec. 29, 1964 [Dec. 30, 1963], No. 52675/64. Heading D1E. To relieve the warp of the pull of the fabric take-up, one or more annular ribs 23 on a ring 21 press the fabric into mating grooves 16 in the top edge of the weaving ring. The ring 21 is carried by a spider loaded by a spring adjustable by a handwheel. When the loom is stopped for a long period, the ring is tightened down hard to clamp the fabric firmly.
Patent GB-1292626-A (GB)
Title: Alarm clock
Inventor: REDENBACH FRIEDRICH
IPC: A61J7/00
Filed: 1969-10-29
Abstract: 1292626 Alarm clock F REDENBACH 29 Oct 1969 [8 Nov 1968 3 Dec 1968 25 Feb 1969] 52909/69 Addition to 1250985 Heading G3T [Also in Division B8] An alarm clock for indicating a period of time comprises an indexing element 45 rotating once every 24 hours, means for setting the element at an initial position, a warning device for giving optical or optical and acoustic alarm signals, actuating means associated with the indexing element arranged to operate the warning device at the said period either continuously or intermittently, manually operable means for disconnecting the actuating means from the warning device, which includes a spring-biased lever movable in one direction by a spring to provide said signal(s) and in the opposite direction by said manually operable means. As described slot 42 in setting wheel 43 is extended so that nose 44 on indexing wheel 45 protrudes through the slot for 12 hours, permitting wheel 45 to move axially and set off the warning signals during this period. Shut-off lever 46 has ends 47, 48 protruding into pill box 24 and a chamber into which pills are dropped daily from 28-day rotating dispenser 25. The warning period may be adjustable. The acoustic warning arrangement is said to be conventional. Optical warning is provided by flag 91 moved by cam 90. Alternative embodiments have constantly-lit warning lights (22) Figs. 7 and 8 (not shown) with coloured screens moved by a lever (56) to cover the light to give optical warnings, the light being visible through windows (54) Figs. 6, 9 and 10 (not shown) in the clock dial. Flags (68) Figs. 13 and 14 (not shown) may be moved by an expanding helical spring (67) rather than a cam. The pill dispenser consisting of front and back plates (25, 30), Fig. 5 (not shown) with radial partitions to isolate pills for daily dispensing, is rotated in a cycle of 28 days and carries indicia to indicate the day of the cycle. The indicia are mounted by means of slip clutches to enable adjustment of the indicia for day names to correspond to cycle day numbers.
Patent GB-1398459-A (GB)
Title: Method for degreasing crushed starchy fatty vegetable material
IPC: B01D11/02
Filed: 1973-11-14
Abstract: 1398459 Extracting fat; preparing starch PFEIFER & LANGEN 14 Nov 1973 [14 Nov 1972 (2)] 52914/73 Heading A2Q [Also in Division C5] Crushed, starchy, fatty vegetable material is degreased, i.e. fats and fatty acids are extracted by (a) either treating it under supercritical conditions with an inert gas, e.g. propane or treating it with a fixed inert gas at a pressure above the critical pressure of the gas and (b) separating the extracted substances from the extractant by temperature increase or pressure release under supercritical conditions of the gas. The vegetable material may be a freshly harvested cereal, e.g. corn. Before degreasing it is crushed and screened. It may be dry or almost saturated with water. When the cereal is wet, it may be dried and degreased simultaneously by including carbon dioxed in the extractant. In Fig 1, the cereal is placed in chambers 1 and 2 and liquid extractant passed upward through it. The extract passes through heat exchanger 8 and depressurising valve 9 to column 10 where the extractant vaporizes. The extracted material is collected at 11 and the extractant is recycled via heat exchanger 13 and compressor 14. In Fig 2 liquid extractant again passes upward through chambers 1 and 2. Some of it is recycled directly via conduit 17 and pump 18. The remainder is heated in heat exchanger 20 and heat separator 21 so that it vaporises. The extracted material is collected at 22 and the extractant recycled via storage tank 24. The degreased cereal may be treated in one of a number of ways. (1) Soak in dilute aqueous sulphur dioxide solution, wash with water, separate starch and gluten, dry starch and gluten, (2) grind, suspend in water, centrifuge off starch, (3) grind, remove germ, treat with amylase to break down starch, filter off gluten and husk, remove salts by demineralisation, dry glucose or (4) grind, soak in water, filter off gluten and husks, treat with amylase. Alternatively the degreased cereal may be added to malt in beer making.
Patent GB-1132432-A (GB)
Title: Mine chock
Inventor: ALLEN ARCHELAIUS DAWSON
IPC: E21F13/10
Filed: 1964-12-31
Abstract: 1,132,432. Mine face conveyers; hydraulic jacks. COAL INDUSTRY (PATENTS) Ltd. 31 Dec., 1965 [31 Dec., 1964], No. 53022/64. Headings B8A and B8J. [Also in Division E1] For positioning against the arcuate side-wall of an enlarged end space, that is formed at the end of a longwall face on the swing-over of a cutter drum of a mining machine as it is reversed in its travel along the face, is an extensible chock. The chock has a base 16a with a peripheral zone 16c of complementary curvature to that of the side wall and an upper portion 16b extending, when the chock is associated with a longwall mining installation, over the end of the conveyer of the installation. A socket 17 is provided in the upper portion 16b for an upwardly extendable, hydraulically actuated leg 18 that terminates in a head 19 having an upper peripheral zone also of complementary curvature to that of the side wall. Three such chocks may be associated in a chock unit with one chock being slidable on bars extending between the other two chocks.
Patent GB-1287425-A (GB)
Title: Method of making sensitive photographic materials
Inventor: JUDD MALCOLM LAWRENCE
IPC: G03C1/485
Filed: 1969-10-30
Abstract: 1287425 Photographic silver halide materials EASTMAN KODAK CO 30 Oct 1969 [4 Nov 1968] 53255/69 Heading G2C A sensitive photographic material is produced by coating a support with a blend of photographic silver halide emulsions of different average grain sizes which has a pAg below 8À6, and an adjacent layer containing sufficient of a water-soluble halide to raise the pAg of the layer of the blend to above 9À0. Each emulsion of the blend may be silver bromide or bromoiodide. One silver halide emulsion of the blend may have an average grain size at least 50% greater than another. The silver halide emulsions may be monodisperse or direct-positive, and each emulsion may contain an electron acceptor and/or a BSI compound (see U. K. patent Specification 1186718). The water-soluble halide layer may contain a hydrophilic colloid. The water-soluble halide may be an ammonium, alkali metal, cadmium or strontium halide. By this method an emulsion blend may be prepared and kept at a relatively low pAg, when little or no Ostwald ripening occurs and then modified by addition of halide to raise the pAg to a relatively high value and so improve the photographic properties, without causing any substantial change in grain size distribution.
Patent GB-1496899-A (GB)
Title: Inspection covers
IPC: E02D29/14
Filed: 1975-12-12
Abstract: 1496899 Manhole covers and frames SELFLOCK Ltd 12 Dec 1975 [13 Dec 1974] 53941/74 Addition to 1334110 Heading E1G The manhole cover and frame assembly of the parent specification are modified in that the identical angle-section configuration or stock forming a side 12 of the seating frame 10 and a corresponding side 2 of the framed reinforced concrete or other cover has one limb formed to provide an inwardly facing lengthwise protrusion which is bounded on each side by a trough for two sealing strips 17. The rectangular frames described have one opposed pair of angle-section sides connected by an opposed pair of flat bar sides.