Patent GB-350491-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sulphate cellulose and soda cellulose manufacture and apparatus therefor
IPC: D21C3/22
Filed: 1930-03-06
Abstract: <PICT:0350491/III/1> Turpentine; resin; methyl alcohol; lignin.--In the manufacture of sulphate or soda cellulose from wood rich in resin, the shavings pass either continuously or in separate charges through a boiler in which the turpentine and other oils are volatilized in one zone and the resins and balsams are extracted in another zone. Turpentine, resin, lignin and methyl alcohol are worked up by a continuous process.  The materials used are sawdust or logwood from pine and fir, root - wood, or pine enriched with turpentine. As described, shavings are delivered from a cyclone separator 2 and weigher 3 by a revolving distributer 4 to a number of vertical boilers 8 arranged in a ring.  The boilers can be worked separately or in groups.  Each boiler is filled with shavings up to the level of a spreader 9.  Steam is admitted in the upper part through pipes 10, or through nozzles at the sides and passes off with turpentine vapours &c. to a condenser 43.  A preheated sodium carbonate or caustic soda lye, 10 DEG  Beaum<\>e, is admitted at a lower level in the boiler through spray pipes 11, or through nozzles at the sides, for extracting the resins at a temperature not exceeding 130 DEG  C.  The lye is circulated through the boiler and the preheater 14 by a pump 25, and steam is introduced in the lower part of the boiler at 15.  The spent shavings are kept back from the liquor outlet by a sieve 16 and are discharged at 17 and are washed in a screw conveyer 18 by a spray-pipe 19 to recover resin soap lye, and are finally discharged into a hopper 30 for treatment in the cellulose boiler 31.  The liquor is circulated through the boiler and a preheater 32, and is passed to the diffusers 36 through the blow-off pipe 35.  Methyl alcohol is obtained in the apparatus shown at 38 and 111-123.  The blow-off 37 from the diffusers is connected with cooler 38, spirit still 116, and rectifier 123.  The waste gas from the boiler passes through line 39 to a separator 111 and cooler 112, from which liquor can be returned to the spirit line at 113<1>. Resin lye drawn from the boilers 8 through the pipe 55 passes via the tank 60 and preheater 62, or direct, to pipe 57 and is sprayed by steam at 160-170 DEG  C. into a vessel 70 to which are admitted turpentine vapour at 160-180 DEG  C. from the heater 53, in excess, and sulphuric acid, 10 DEG  Beaum<\>e, as vapour or mist, sufficient to fix the alkali of the resin soap.  Sodium bisulphite and hydrosulphite may be added to the lye before the acid treatment. The lower part of the vessel 70 is water-cooled, and the condensate from the mixed vapours collects in a settling vessel 74.  The aqueous liquor is run off at 75, and the solution of resin in turpentine is collected in heater 85.  Lignin from the vessel 74 is run off at 77 to a washer 80 and is finally collected and dried.  The hot resin solution is drawn through a tubular still 90 under the vacuum of a pump 100.  The resin passes from the still to a boiler 94, barometric column 102 and collector 103. The turpentine vapours from the still 90 and boiler 94 are condensed in the cooler 95 and water-spray condenser 97.  Carbon.--The dried lignin is carbonized with strong mineral acids, and treated with hot sodium hydrate and then with hot acids, washed and filtered, dried at 80-100 DEG  C., powdered, heated to 1000-1100 DEG  C. in a reducing atmosphere, cooled and packed in sealed vessels.  This product is a carbon black, colloidal carbon, or active carbon containing 0,02 per cent ash.ALSO:<PICT:0350491/IV/1> In the manufacture of sulphate or soda cellulose from wood rich in resin, the shavings pass either continuously or in separate charges through a boiler in which the turpentine and other oils are volatilized in one zone and the resins and balsams are extracted in another zone.  Turpentine, resin, lignin, and methyl alcohol are worked up by a continuous process.  The materials used are sawdust or logwood from pine and fir, root wood, or pine enriched with turpentine.  Shavings are treated with steam and with sodium carbonate or caustic soda lye, 10 DEG  Beaum<\>ae, in boilers 8.  The spent shavings are discharged at 17 and are washed in a screw conveyer 18 by a spray-pipe 19 to recover resin soap p  lye, and are finally discharged into a hopper 30 for treatment in the cellulose boiler 31.  The liquor is circulated through the boiler and a preheater 32, and is passed to the diffusers 36 through the blow-off pipe 35.  Methyl alcohol is obtained in the apparatus shown at 38 and 111 to 123.  The blow-off 37 from the diffusers is connected with cooler 38, spirit still 116, and rectifier 123.  The waste gas from the boiler passes through line 39 to a separator 111 and cooler 112, from which liquor can be retained to the spirit line at 1131.  Resin lye drawn from the boilers 8 through the pipe 55 is treated with hot acid and turpentine vapours in a vessel 70, and the condensate from the mixed vapours collects in a settling vessel 74.  The aqueous liquor is run off at 75, and the solution of resin in turpentine is collected in heater 85.  Lignin from the vessel 74 is run off at 77 to a washer 80 and is finally collected and dried.