Patent GB-821972-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in epoxide resins
IPC: C08G59/16
Filed: 1957-05-06
Abstract: Insoluble, infusible resins are made by reacting a glycidyl polyether containing more than one epoxide group per molecule and having a relative molecular weight per epoxide below 1000, a phenol having at least one phenolic hydroxyl group as its sole reactive group or groups and a polycarboxylic acid anhydride in a ratio of 2 epoxide equivalents of glycidyl polyether to from 0.1 to 1.5 phenolic equivalents of phenol to from 0.5 to 2 anhydride equivalents of the polybasic acid anhydride.  Specified glycidyl polyethers are those made by reacting epichlorhydrin or glycerol dichlorohydrin with polyhydroxy phenols and alcohols, e.g. glycerol, butylene glycol, bisphenol, catechol, resorcinol, phloroglucinol and p,p1 - dihydroxy dibenzyl.  Specified polycarboxylic acid anhydrides are succinic, adipic, maleic, tricarballylic, phthalic, pyromellitic, endo-cis-bicyclo-(2,2,1)-5-heptene-2,3 - dicarboxylic and 1,4,5,6,7,7 - hexachlorobicyclo - (2,2,1) - 5 - heptene - 2,3 - dicarboxylic anhydride.  Many phenols are specified, examples being p-hexyl phenol, o-butyl phenol, p-hydroxydiphenyl, p-t.-amyl phenol, guaiacol, resorcinol, phloroglucinol, bisphenol and compounds of the formula <FORM:0821972/IV (a)/1> where R1 and R2 are alkyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl groups.  Curing catalysts, e.g. tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium hydroxides and alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides may be used.  In the examples: (1) and (2) glycidyl polyethers made from glycerol and epichlorhydrins are cured with (1) phthalic anhydride and dodecyl phenol; and (2) maleic anhydride and diamyl phenol; (3) and (12) glydicyl polyethers made from resorcinol and epichlorhydrins are cured with (3) phthalic anhydride and octyl phenol and (12) maleic anhydride and bisphenol; (4) a glycidyl polyether made from epichlorhydrin and dihydroxydiphenyl is cured with octyl phenol and 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2,2,1)-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride; (5) to (10) and (13) to (17) glycidyl polyethers made from epichlorhydrin and bisphenol are cured with (5) maleic anhydride and dodecyl phenol, (6) phthalic anhydride and dinonyl phenol, (7) endo - cis - bicyclo - (2,2,1) - 5 - heptene - 2,3 - dicarboxylic anhydride and octyl phenol, (8) maleic anhydride and diamyl phenol, (9) maleic, phthalic or endo - cis - bicyclo - (2,2,1) - 5 - heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride and octyl phenol, o-cresol, di-t-butyl phenol or phenol, (10) phthalic anhydride and dinonyl phenol, o-cresol, p-t-butyl phenol, octyl phenol, diamyl phenol, dodecyl phenol or 1-naphtol; (13) 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo - (2,2,1) - 5 - heptene - 2,3 - dicarboxylic anhydride and resorcinol, (14) sebacic anhydride and hydroquinone, (15) phthalic anhydride and bisphenol, p,p1-dihydroxydiphenyl, p,p1-dihydroxy-diphenyl sulphone, resorcinol and hydroquinone, (16) phthalic anhydride and phloroglucinol, (17) phthalic and pyromellitic anhydrides and resorcinol; and (18) phthalic anhydride and a diphenol; and in Example (11) a glycidyl polyether made from epichlorhydrin and 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane is cured with phthalic anhydride and bis-phenol.  The products of the invention which may be mixed with finely-divided wood flour, cotton flock, mica, asbestos, plasticisers and pigments may be used in mouldings, adhesives, paints and varnishes.