Patent GB-1099713-A (GB)
Title: Compositions for coating insulating materials
IPC: C08J7/044
Filed: 1965-02-16
Abstract: Compositions which may be wiped or electrostatically coated on to insulating materials to give an electrically conductive surface comprise a suspension in an organic liquid of particles of a complex formed by the association of a nonvolatile, non-ionic, electronegative polar organic compound with an organic cationic surface-active agent, in which the solubilities of both compounds in the organic liquid are such as to permit the formation of colloidal micelles of the surface active agent and a stable dispersion of the complex particles.  The polar organic compound is preferably a polyether, but may be a polymer containing repeating imido, carbonyl, or thio-ether groups; compounds specified include diethylene, triethylene and polyethylene glycol of M.W. up to 600, and corresponding polypropylene glycols, polyesters such as the adduct of 3 moles ethylene glycol with 2 moles adipic acid, polyamides such as the adduct of 3 moles ethylene diamine with 2 moles sebacic acid, an ethylene oxide adduct with lauryl alcohol, and an alkylene oxide adduct with a primary amide e.g. methylene-bis-stearamide. The cationic surfaceactive agents preferred are quaternary and diquaternary ammonium nitrates or halides, particularly chlorides, and especially those containing a C10-C22 single substituent; specifically preferred is the coconut fatty acid derivative of polyethoxylated quaternary ammonium chloride, and others specified are N-tallo-N,N-dimethyl, N1,N1,N1-trimethyl-1,3-propylene diammonium chloride, stearamido propyl-dimethyl-b -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate, and quaternary polyethylene imine.  Optionally a coalescing agent such as dimethyl formamide or diacetamide may be included.  The suspension may be in the form of a macroemulsion in which the suspended particles are larger than 0.05 m  or, preferably, a microemulsion or micellae dispersion in which the particles are less than 0.05 m , often as small as 0.01 m .  The organic liquid medium may be mineral spirits xylene, toluene, naphtha or mixtures thereof. Preferably the compositions contain \sF 1% volume of complex.  In finishing compositions II, V and VI compositions of the invention are added in 2, 3 and 4% quantities to a wood sealer based on dewaxed shellac, nitrocellulose and polyvinylbutyral, to a pigmented wood stain based on linseed oil, and to a non-grainraising wood stain.ALSO:Compositions which may be wiped or electrostatically coated on to insulating materials to give an electrically conductive surface comprise a suspension in an organic liquid of particles of a complex formed by the association of a non-volatile, non-ionic, electronegative polar organic compound with an organic cationic surface-active agent, in which the solubilities of both compounds in the organic liquid are such as to permit the formation of colloidal micelles of the surface-active agent and a stable dispersion of the complex particles.  The polar organic compound is preferably a polyether, but may be a polymer containing repeating imido, carbonyl, or thio-ether groups; compounds specified include diethylene, triethylene and polyethylene glycol of M.W. up to 600, and corresponding polypropylene glycols, polyesters such as the adduct of 3 moles ethylene glycol with 2 moles adipic acid, polyamides such as the adduct of 3 moles ethylene diamine with 2 moles sebacic acid, an ethylene oxide adduct with lauryl alcohol, and an alkylene oxide adduct with a primary amide, e.g. methylene-bis-stearamide. The cationic surface-active agents preferred are quaternary and di-quaternary ammonium nitrates or halides, particularly chlorides, and especially those containing a C10-C22 single substituent; specifically preferred is the coconut fatty acid derivative of polyethoxylated quaternary ammonium chloride, and others specified are N-tallo-N,N-dimethyl, N1,N1,N1 - trimethyl - 1,3 - propylene diammonium chloride, stearamido propyldimethyl-b -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate, and quaternary polyethylene imine.  Optionally a coalescing agent such as dimethyl formamide or diacetamide may be included.  The suspension may be in the form of a macroemulsion in which the suspended particles are larger than 0.05 m  or, preferably, microemulsion or micellar dispersion in which the particles are less than 0.05 m , often as small as 0.01 m .  The organic liquid medium may be mineral spirits, xylene, toluene, naphtha or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the compositions contain \sF1% volume of complex.  In finishing compositions I, II, III and IV, compositions of the invention are added in 2, 3 and 4% quantities to two wood sealers based on nitrocellulose, to another based on dewaxed shellac, nitrocellulose and polyvinylbutyral, and to a pigmented wood stain based on a styrenated alkyd.ALSO:Compositions which may be wiped or electrostatically coated on to insulating materials, particularly wood, to give an electrically conductive surface comprise a suspension in an organic liquid of particles of a complex formed by the association of a non-volatile, non-ionic, electronegative polar organic compound with an organic cationic surface active agent, in which the solubilities of both compounds in the organic liquid are such as to permit the formation of colloidal micelles of the surface active agent and a stable dispersion of the complex particles. The polar organic compound is preferably a polyether, but may be a polymer containing repeating imido, carbonyl, or thio-ether groups; compounds specified include diethylene, triethylene and polyethylene glycol of M.W. up to 600, and corresponding polypropylene glycols, polyesters such as the adduct of 3 moles ethylene glycol with 2 moles adipic acid, polyamides such as the adduct of 3 moles ethylene diamine with 2 moles sebacic acid, an ethylene oxide adduct with lauryl alcohol, and an alkylene oxide adduct with a primary amide, e.g. methylene-bis-stearamide.  The cationic surface-active agents preferred are quaternary and di-quaternary ammonium nitrates or halides, particularly chlorides, and especially those containing a C10-C22 single substituent specifically preferred is the coconut fatty acid derivative of polyethoxylated quaternary ammonium chloride, and others specified are N-tallo-N,N-dimethyl, N1, N1, N1-trimethyl-1,3-propylene diammonium chloride, stearamido propyldimethyl-b -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate, and quaternary polyethylene imine.  Optionally a coalescing agent such as dimethyl formamide or diacetamide may be included.  The suspension may be in the form of a macroemulsion in which the suspended particles are larger than 0.05m  or, preferably, microemulsion or micellar dispersion in which the particles are less than 0.05m , often as small as 0.01m .  The organic liquid medium may be mineral spirits, xylene, toluene, naphtha or mixtures thereof. Preferably the compositions contain greater than or equal to 1% volume of complex. Other insulating substrates for which the coatings are suitable include fibreboard, hardboard, glass and synthetic plastics such as polyethylene, nylon, and glycol terephthalate polyesters.  In the Example wood is coated by wiping with sealing lacquers and stains according to the invention.