Patent GB-190820543-A (GB)
Title: A New Liquid Fuel Motor Working with Vapours and by Explosions and Utilising the Expansive Force of the Vapours and the Explosion thereof in One Cycle.
Inventor: FAVATA FRANCESCO
Filed: 1908-09-30
Granted: 1909-12-30
Abstract: 20,543. Favata, F. Sept. 30. Gas or explosive-vapour engines.-The invention relates to engines using alcohol, benzine, or other suitable fuel, in which the vapours of the hydrocarbons, either alone or mixed with air, are first expanded, doing work and then ignited doing more work. The engine shown in Fig. 2 (Provisional) works by the expansion and explosion of a combustible mixture, the vapour of which is formed by heating liquid fuel in tubes B located in acompressedair chamber M surrounding the cylinders. The supplies of vapour and air are controlled by a valve V, Fig. 4 (Provisional), which opens a vapour chamber B<1> and air-inlet ports F to the working cylinder through ports N<2>. After expansion, the mixture is compressed on the return stroke and fired on the following out-stroke, the exhaust gases being expelled on the second up-stroke through a valve W. The valve H, Fig. 4, controls the supply of vapour. The lift of the distributing - valves V, L may be varied by adjusting the position of a link X carrying the pivots about which the valve levers T, T' oscillate. The valve V, which is partly held to its seat by a spring O, is supported in a casing N attached to a valve-rod Q, the casing containing ports N' which open into the working cylinder. Fig. 1 of the drawings filed with the Complete Specification shows a six-stroke-cycle engine in which liquid fuel is vaporized in bulk in a surrounding chamber C and after working expansively in a cylinder B is transferred to an air charge previously drawn in and compressed by the piston of the cylinder A. During the cycle vapour is admitted to the cylinder B on each out-stroke, two of the charges being returned to the chamber C through a condenser, while the third is transferred to an air charge in the adjoining cylinder A. In the latter cylinder the series of operations comprises , (1) the expulsion of the combustion products, (2) the drawmg-in of an air charge, (3) compression, (4) the admission of a charge of previously-expanded vapour, (5) compression of the explosive mixture, and (6) an explosion. If preferred, the cycle may be modified by increasing or decreasing the number of explosions or expansions. To start, the engine works by expansion, the fuel being heated by a burner e to which fuel is supplied from the chamber C through a non-return valve e'. When the pressure of the vapour is sufficiently high the supply to the burner is cut off automatically by the closing of the valve e'. A modified single cylinder sixstroke-cycle engine is described in which vapour admitted during the first out-stroke is transferred on the return stroke partly to a condenser and the remainder to a small cylinder, the piston of which returns the vapour to the explosion cylinder during the air compression stroke. In connexion with six-stroke-cycle engines it is stated that the condensers may be dispensed with, in which case the vapours are further expanded in an additional cylinder. In a four-stroke-cycle four-cylinder engine, air and vapour are separately admitted to a pair of outside cylinders and then to the central cylinders in which the charges are mixed and exploded. When working by expanding the vapour before combustion, the cycle may be modified by admitting air to the vapour instead of as above described by transferring the vapour to the air. Reversing may be effected by means of sliding cams.