Patent GB-406862-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to emulsions of waxes
IPC: C08K5/42
Filed: 1933-02-16
Abstract: Aqueous emulsions of waxes are obtained by means of ammonium or alkali metal sulphonates of carboxylic acid amides mono or disubstituted at the nitrogen atom with an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radicle having at least eight carbon atoms.  The latter may be prepared by condensing primary or secondary amines having an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radicle with at least eight carbon atoms linked to the nitrogen, with halogenated carboxylic acids or their halides or anhydrides so as to form the corresponding carboxy amides and then replacing the halogen atoms by one or more sulphonic groups by either treating with alkali or ammonium sulphites or by treating with disulphides followed by oxidation.  The carboxylic acid residue and the secondary amines may contain hydroxy groups.  In examples: (1) cetylamine (obtained from cetylchloride and ammonia by heating under pressure in the presence of butyl alcohol) is condensed with b -chlorpropionic acid and the resulting amide treated with sodium disulphide and then oxidized with a mixture of nitric acid and acetic acid in the presence of ammonium metavanadate as oxidation catalyst; the sodium cetyl propionylamide-b -sulphonate gives an emulsion with a natural wax such as carnuba wax, spermaceti or ozokerite, and hot water: (2) dodecylchloride is treated with oxyethylamine and an acid amide formed from the resulting secondary amine by condensation with chloracetylchloride, in the presence of pyridine and benzene or ether; sodium dodecyloxyethylacetamidesulphonate is obtained by reacting with sodium sulphite; (3) naphthenylamine (obtained from naphthenic acids by means of hydrazoic acid) is condensed with trichloracetyl chloride in dimethylaniline and the resulting amide converted with sodium sulphite into sodium naphthenylacetamidetrisulphonate. For the oxidation of the products obtained by the treatment of the halogenated amides with sulphides, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite may be used.  Specification 382,718 is referred to.  The amines required for the production of the acid amides may be prepared by decomposing the higher fatty or naphthenic acids with hydrazoic acid or by treating hydrogen halide esters of the higher alcohols with ammonia or amines which may contain hydroxy groups.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the manufacture of products useful as wetting, washing, emulsifying and foaming agents by condensing amines containing either one or two higher aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicles, with halogenated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides or halides, and replacing at least one of the halogens present by a sulphonic group.  The use of the products in dyeing, mercerizing, dressing and revivifying is mentioned.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Aqueous emulsions of waxes are obtained by means of ammonium or alkali metal sulphonates of carboxylic acid amides mono or disubstituted at the nitrogen atom with an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radicle having at least eight carbon atoms.  The latter may be prepared by condensing primary or secondary amines having an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radicle with at least eight carbon atoms linked to the nitrogen, with halogenated carboxylic acids or their halides or anhydrides so as to form the corresponding carboxy amides and then replacing the halogen atoms by one or more sulphonic groups by either treating with alkali or ammonium sulphites or by treating with disulphides followed by oxidation.  The carboxylic acid residue and the secondary amines may contain hydroxy groups.  In examples: (1) cetylamine (obtained from cetylchloride and ammonia by heating under pressure in the presence of butyl alcohol) is condensed with b -chlorpropionic acid and the resulting amide treated with sodium disulphide and then oxidized with a mixture of nitric acid and acetic acid in the presence of ammonium metavanadate as oxidation catalyst whereby sodium cetyl propionylamide-b -sulphonate is obtained; (2) dodecylchloride is treated with oxyethylamine and an acid amide formed from the resulting secondary amine by condensation with chloracetylchloride, in the presence of pyridine and benzene or ether; sodium dodecyloxyethylacetamidesulphonate is obtained by reacting with sodium sulphite; (3) naphthenylamine (obtained from naphthenic acids by means of hydrazoic acid) is condensed with trichloracetyl chloride in dimethylaniline and the resulting amide converted with sodium sulphite into sodium naphthenylacetamidetrisulphonate.  For the oxidation of the products obtained by the treatment of the halogenated amides with sulphides, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite may be used.  Specification 382,718 is referred to.  The amines required for the production of the acid amides may be prepared by decomposing the higher fatty or naphthenic acids with hydrazoic acid or by treating hydrogen halide esters of the higher alcohols with ammonia or amines which may contain hydroxy groups.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the manufacture of products useful as wetting, washing, emulsifying, and foaming agents by condensing amines containing either one or two higher aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicles, with halogenated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides or halides, and replacing at least one of the halogens present by a sulphonic group.  The use of the products in dyeing, mercerising, dressing and revivifying is mentioned.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.