Patent GB-1042686-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to gear cutting machines
IPC: B23F9/10
Filed: 1965-04-09
Abstract: 1,042,686. Gear - cutting. GLEASON WORKS. April 9, 1965 [May 4, 1964], No. 15193/65. Headings B3B and B3K. A gear-cutting machine comprises a work spindle 6 having its axis in a vertical plane parallel to the cutter axis 5 and mounted on a head 3 movable about an axis 18 below and at right-angles to the work axis 7 to feed the work to the cutter. The machine cuts non-generated spiral bevel and hypoid gears with tooth surfaces which are helicoids or surfaces of revolution. A cutter head 2 is adjustable axially and laterally by screws 12, 14. The work-head 3 is adjustable laterally on a base 15 by a screw 16. A manual valve controls pivoted fluid devices 21 to swing the base away from a stop 19, which locates the work in a horizontal position for loading, towards the cutting position determined by a brace 31 made in two parts 31 37. The part 31 is adjustable laterally and axially and the part 37 is adjustable angularly and axially. The brace parts have positioning blocks 46, 47 and are clamped together by a hook 49 actuated by a handle 32. Engagement between the blocks when the base is swung upwardly is cushioned by a dashpot 56. The brace parts are set by a height gauge 137, a gauge bar 136 and an indicator 138. The cutter spindle 4, Fig. 5 (not shown), is rotated by a motor 61 through a belt 63, bevels 66, a shaft 67, a fine-tooth clutch 68 and gears 71. The spindle is reciprocated by a cam 72, Fig. 3 (not shown), and the motion may be modified by a cam 73. The cam 72 is rotated from the shaft 67 through change gears 74, worm gearing 77 and a clutch 78. The change gears 74 enable the ratio of the number of revolutions of the cutter per rotation of the cam 72 to be varied. The cam 72 in one revolution may effect more than one reciprocation of the cutter during which time the cutter may make ten revolutions. For finish-cutting gears, the cutter may have alternate inside and outside cutting blades as in Specification 884,741. The gears 74, in that case, are removed and the drive made through gears 81 and bevels 83, the clutch 78 being disengaged. Backlash in the drive is taken up by a brake 85 and bevel 87. The spindle is moved axially by a block 116 connected to the spindle by a rotary joint incorporating means for adjusting the cutter axially to compensate for sharpening of the blades. The block 116 carries an adjustable inclined surface 113 held by a plunger 123 against a roller 115 on a slide 104 bearing on the cam 72. Pressure on the plunger is relieved on the up-stroke of the slide 104 by a cam 132, Fig. 5. During each of such reciprocations, a blade is moved to effect a cut. If no axial motion of the cutter is required for finishing, the cam 72 is circular or the cam surface 113 is set parallel to the slide 104. The cam 73 may be used to vary the lead of a helicoidal tooth surface, especially for relieving the ends of the teeth, by moving a slide 96 carrying a plate 99 engaging a roller 102 on a mounting 103 rocking about the axis of the cam 73. The plate 99 may be set to be ineffective or the cam 73 may be circular when the machine is used for rough-cutting. A flexible indexing drive-shaft 88, Fig. 5, is driven from the motor 61 via gears 74, and bevels 92, 91 for roughing and via gears 93, 94, 91 for finishing. The work is indexed by Geneva mechanism, the pin 153, Fig. 9 (not shown), being carried by a rotatable cam 154 which co-operates with a roller 149 to release a locking pawl 143 during indexing movements. The pawl is urged to locking position by a pair of plungers 145 acting through a lever 147, the roller 149 being out of contact with the cam 154 when the pawl is fully home. The flexible shaft 88 is connected to a shaft 177, Fig. 1, and rotates a valve to cause advance of the shaft carrying the cam 154 to move the pin 153 to an operative position. The shaft 177 also drives gearing to rotate the cam and is connected to a flywheel to absorb variations in the driving forces. When all the teeth have been cut the machine is stopped by a counting mechanism.