baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-761542-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the method of manufacturing chloral from paraldehyde
IPC: C07C47/16
Filed: 1953-02-06
Abstract: The production of chloral comprises chlorinating paraldehyde in an anhydrous menstruum, in order to convert the major portion of paraldehyde to hexachloroparaldehyde, wherein each mol. of paraldehyde is treated with from more than 3 to 7 mols. of chlorine at a temperature within the range 15 DEG  to 60 DEG  C. and the reaction product is chlorinated in an aqueous menstruum to depolymerize the chlorinated paraldehyde.  To obtain pure chloral, the chloral hydrate so obtained is washed with an aqueous solution of sulphuric acid the strength of which is such that the sulphuric acid layer contains more than 70 per cent H2SO4 after the washing. Chloral and the reaction product of the anhydrous chlorination of paraldehyde are suitable for use as the liquid menstruum for the anhydrous chlorination step.  It is advantageous to use an excess of chlorine in amounts from 5 to 10 per cent by weight over the maximum of 7 mols.  By control of temperature, as much as 5.7 mols. chlorine per mol. of paraldehyde may be reacted at about 35 DEG  C. to give a product comprising mainly hexachloro-paraldehyde with some pentachloro- and tetrachloroparaldehyde.  In the aqueous chlorination step, the amount of aqueous medium may be varied from 3 to 6-7.5 mols. per mol. of paraldehyde.  The aqueous medium may be water or an aqueous solution of an inorganic acid such as sulphuric or hydrochloric acid.  The aqueous chlorination may be effected at a temperature within the range of 40-80 DEG  C.  The chlorine is preferably introduced through a porous plate or other member which breaks up the gas into fine bubbles.  The rate of introduction of chlorine is preferably increased as the chlorination progresses, the preferred rate being in the range 0.02 to 0.05 mols. of chlorine per hour per mol. of acetaldehyde, and the reaction being terminated when the quantity of chlorine reacting is less than half to one fourth of the chlorine charged. During the washing of the product with aqueous sulphuric acid, it is preferred to add a proportion of monochlorobenzene.  The product may then be given a further wash with 93 to 100 per cent concentrated sulphuric acid.  A detailed example is given in which paraldehyde is added in small increments to a first chlorinator containing anhydrous chloral and chlorine addition is balanced to the paraldehyde addition, the temperature being maintained at 35 DEG  C.; the product is charged to a second chlorinator with 6 mols. of water per mol. of paraldehyde and chlorine is passed in while the temperature is raised from 40 DEG  C. to reflux temperature; the product is washed with aqueous sulphuric acid and then with 100 per cent sulphuric acid.  Data are also given for several cycles of chloral production in which one half of the anhydrous product of one cycle is used as the anhydrous menstruum for the next cycle.  Specification 668,275 is referred to.
Patent GB-209963-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in dough troughs
IPC: A21C1/14
Filed: 1923-02-06
Abstract: 209,963. Banfield, W. T. Feb. 6, 1923. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Proving-appliances.- A trough 5 for proving dough is surrounded by heat-insulating material, whereby the process of fermentation may take place at a uniform temperature independently of the surrounding atmosphere. The trough is supported on a metal plate 2 spaced from the bottom of a wood outer casing 1, which is lined throughout with asbestos board 6. The hinged lid 7 is covered by similar insulating material 9 and wood 10, and is provided with beading 8 providing a tight joint when closed. A vent comprising a non-return valve may be provided in the lid or wall of the casing.
Patent GB-1224448-A (GB)
Title: Hydrostatic displacement control systems
IPC: F04B1/26
Filed: 1970-01-23
Abstract: 1,224,448. Hydrostatic transmissions. GENERAL MOTORS CORP. 23 Jan., 1970 [19 May, 1969], No. 3516/70. Heading F2D. In an. hydrostatic transmission, e.g. for a steering gear, comprising a fixed displacement motor 14 driven by a reversible variable displacement swashplate pump 12, the swashplate is moved in opposite directions by servos 20, 22 controlled by a manual follow-up servo displacement valve 52, a displacement limited valve 50 serving to downshift the transmission when the pump output pressure in either of lines 44 or 46 exceeds a predetermined value, and displacement inhibitor valves 55, 56 preventing movement of valve 52 to upshift the transmission beyond a position dependent on a combined pump speed and motor speed signal. The control pressure is provided by an enginedriven pump 60 and regulated by a valve 48 biased down against the control pressure in line 66 by a spring 82 and the pump 12 output pressure in line 44 or 46 acting on equal areas of a valve element 76 in the valve 48. The manual displacement valve 52 comprises a control member 112 manually rotatable relative to a sleeve 98 mechanically coupled to the pump swashplate 32. Member 112 selectively connects control pressure 66 to either of lines 124, 126, depending on the direction in which it is turned, to the swashplate servos 20, 22. The subsequent movement of the swashplate turns sleeve 98 to follow-up the member 112 and hold the swashplate in its new position. Should excessive pump output pressure in line 44 or 46 occur, a displacement limiter valve 50 is moved up or down by the excessive pressure to cut-off the connection from valve 52 to the respective line 124, 126, and to connect the other line directly to control pressure 66 to downshift the transmission to relieve the pressure. The manual control lever 122 also carries abutments 174, 176 abutting pistons 53, 54 subjected to pump output pressure to provide load feel for the operator. The pistons abut plungers 182 in displacement inhibitor valves 55, 56, the plungers sliding in sleeves 187 which are axially positioned in the valves against springs 190 by fluid pressure 211 from an inhibitor control valve 58 subjected to control pressure 66 and opposed by pressure signals 226, 228 from governors 222, 224 driven at pump and motor speeds respectively. Plungers 182, and hence pistons 53, 54 and lever 122, may be moved relative to sleeves 187 until ports 198 and 202 in the pistons and sleeves coincide to allow entry of pump output pressure 44, 46 and hydraulic lock-up of the plungers 182 and hence lever 122 to prevent further upshift until pump and motor speeds increase.
Patent GB-681284-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to mechanism for building packages of yarn on uptwisting and like winding and twisting machines
IPC: B65H54/32
Filed: 1950-02-11
Abstract: 681,284. Winding and twisting yarn. SCRAGG & SONS, Ltd., E., and SCRAGG, E. P. Feb. 12, 1951 [Feb. 11, 1950], No. 3530/50. Class 120(ii) Packages such as tapered cheeses are built on a winding and twisting machine having an arm 14 pivoted at 13 to a support 12 adjustably carried on a rod 9 positioned below a rod 4 along which slides a sleeve 7 to which the thread guide 5 is fixed. A block 17, slidably mounted on a rod 16 carried by the arm 14, carries two studs 24, 25 engaging respectively in slotted members 22, 26, the first being attached to the thread guide 5 and the second attached to a bracket 28 adjustably secured to the traverse rod 11 reciprocated by a traverse cam (not shown). One end of the arm 14 is adjustably connected by linkage 18, 19 to the arm 21 carrying the package so that as the package grows the traverse of the guide 5 progressively shortens. Adjustment of the link 19 to engage different holes 29 in the arm 21 varies the taper of the package ends.
Patent GB-827842-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for detecting and exploring electrically conductive bodies
IPC: G01V3/165
Filed: 1956-02-03
Abstract: 827,842. Geophysical surveying. HEDSTROM, E. H. L., and TEGHOLM, R. V. Feb. 3, 1956 [Feb. 3, 1955], No. 3543/56. Drawings to Specification. Class 37. In an arrangement for geophysical surveying, a rotary field is produced by rotating a magnet or by feeding A.C. in quadrature to coils mounted at right angles and is measured at a distance. As shown, measurements are effected with the aid of two receivers each comprising two pick-up coils at right angles and, for example, carried in birds towed by an aircraft carrying the transmitter. The measurements proposed are in each receiver: (1) the difference between the voltages picked up by the two coils; (2) the rate of change of such difference; (3) the phase difference between the voltages picked up by the two coils : in one receiver only (4) the rate of change of phase difference: in the receivers jointly (5) the difference between the voltage differences (6) the rate of change of the last mentioned quantity (7) the difference between the phase differences (8) the rate of change of the last mentioned quantity. The orientation of the receiver coils is such that in the absence of distortion of the field by geological formations quantity (1) is zero. In addition, the voltage picked up by one coil only is indicated and serves as a measure of the distance between transmitter and receiver. This is desirable where the transmitter and receiver are on separate aircraft. It is also suggested that these aircraft could carry the receiver and transmitter of a second surveying system operating on a different frequency.
Patent GB-138178-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to rubber and the like protectors for the soles of footwear
IPC: A43C13/00
Filed: 1919-02-13
Abstract: 138,178. Newman, H. Feb. 13, 1919. Protectors, construction of.- Sole and heel protectors are formed in one with reversible wearing tips A, R which can be readily severed from the rest of the protector without disturbing it and turned round in position offering a fresh edge to resist wear. Combined with the reversible tip are separate side pads B, B', C, C' connected by thin strips with one another and the tip. Indentations G, T are provided for ready severance of the tips. A central channel F makes the pad adaptable to different-sized soles and heels.
Patent GB-214756-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of bodies related to the acridines
IPC: C07D219/02
Filed: 1923-02-06
Abstract: Acridone and its derivatives are reduced to the corresponding dihydroacridines by means of sodium amalgam and alcohol; nitroacridones are thus reduced to amino-dihydroacridines.  By the action of oxidizing agents such as nitrous acid or chromic acid the dihydroacridines are converted into the corresponding acridines: the amino group of aminodihydroacridines must first be protected by acidylation; acridine is thus obtained by adding sodium nitrite to dihydroacridine in glacial acetic acid containing hydrochloric acid and 9-aminoacridine by treating 9-aminodihydroacridine as its acetyl- or p-tolysulpho-derivative with bichromate in acetic acid and hydrolyzing the product. Examples are given of the production of dihydroacridine and 9-aminodihydroacridine by reducing acridone and 9-nitroacridone respectively in alcoholic solution with sodium amalgam and in a current of carbon dioxide.  Specifications 176,038 and 199,870 are referred to.
Patent GB-1089824-A (GB)
Title: Corrosion-resistant steel alloys
IPC: C22C38/00
Filed: 1965-01-29
Abstract: An alloy steel comprises <TABS:1089824/C6-C7/1> and optionally up to 1% in total of incidental elements such as V and W, the balance, apart from impurities being iron.  The steel must contain 40-95% by volume of ferrite the rest being austenite. The alloy may be heated to 900-1025 DEG C. and quenched (e.g. in water).
Patent GB-1509482-A (GB)
Title: Self-pressure-generating plain thrust bearing
IPC: F16C33/10
Filed: 1976-01-29
Abstract: 1509482 Bearings SKF INDUSTRIAL TRADING & DEVELOPMENT CO BV 29 Jan 1976 [1 Feb 1975] 03639/76 Heading F2A A bearing element for a plain thrust bearing has a plurality of pressure generating zones 9 formed in its surface, each zone being separated from each adjacent core by a plain surface 11, each zone comprising a recess 10 extending radially from and communicating with a circumferential edge of the surface, a plurality of grooves 7, 8 some of which communicate with said recess and the remainder of which communicate with said circumferential edge wherein the grooves 7 extend at an angle to both the recess and circumferential edge and being arranged symmetrically on both sides of the recess. When the element is annular, an annular plain surface 12 may be provided adjacent the circumferential edge radially opposite the edge with which the groove openings communicate. In one embodiment the radially outer ends of the grooves are open to communicate with an outer lubricant reservoir. In another embodiment (Figs. 3, 4, not shown) the recess and grooves are open at the radially inner end to communicate with a lubricant reservoir suitably formed by an annular slot disposed in the shaft with the bore through which the lubricant is supplied. In another embodiment, (Figs. 5 and 6, not shown) the bearing comprises a shaft with a spherically convex sliding surface and a cup element having a correspondingly spherically concave sliding surface, the latter being provided with pressure generating zones in which the recess and grooves extend into the lubricant charged outer zone and the inner ends thereof are closed.
Patent GB-714785-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to domestic fireplaces
IPC: F24B1/19
Filed: 1951-02-15
Abstract: 714,785. Domestic fireplaces. BELL & CO., Ltd., A., and BELL, N. M. Feb. 11, 1952 [Feb. 15, 1951], No. 3652/51. Class 126 Preheated air for combustion is fed to a domestic fireplace from a heating chamber within a raised hearth through an inlet controlled by a damper having a handle projecting through the hearth, the fireplace having a damper controlled flue behind the fireback. A fireplace with a raised hearth 10 with an integral kerb 11 and firegrate 12 has an ashpan 14 below the grate. A back flue 15 opens from above the grate level and is controlled by a damper 19 which also controls the chimney in front of the fire back 16. A back boiler may be fitted. A cavity 20, below the hearth, is supplied with air from hit and miss grilles 22, preferably arranged at the ends of the kerb 11. The front of the fireplace has a fret 25 through which air passes to the spare below the grate. The air supply to the hearth cavity may be from an under floor duct, and a draught control comprising a hinged flap 30 operated by a lever 34 sliding in a curved slot in a lug 31 Figs. 5 and 6, is fitted to the fret 25. Specifications 512,363 and 529,490 are referred to.
Patent GB-1140993-A (GB)
Title: Tractor-grass cutter combination
IPC: A01D34/86
Filed: 1967-01-25
Abstract: 1,140,993. Grass cutters, tractor hitches. E. MORTENSEN. 25 Jan., 1967 [31 Jan., 1966], No. 3689/67. Headings A1F and A1P. A tractor mounted grass cutter comprises a frame 1 attached to the lower links 2 of the tractor, only one of the links 2 being connected to the hydraulic lifting mechanism 4 of the tractor and the other link being secured against vertical movement. The frame 1 supports arms 16, 17 carrying a grass cutter. assembly 18 which is pivotable about a horizontal axis parallel to the vertical median plane of the tractor and comprises two cutter units provided with beaters and rotatable about vertical axes. The assembly is supported on a roller 38 and the cutter units are driven from the tractor power take-off through driving cords, e.g. V-belts, and pulleys. The inclination of arm 17 is varied by means of wire 19 wound on drum 21. To prevent damage to the cutter assembly when striking an obstacle arm 16 is provided with a spring-loaded slip hook which engages a bar 39 on the front of the frame 1.
Patent GB-1328464-A (GB)
Title: Tanker including an anti-pollution ballast container
IPC: B63B25/12
Filed: 1972-01-26
Abstract: 1328464 Tanker ships HLILES 26 Jan 1972 [23 April 1971] 3697/72 Headings B7A B7M and B7S A tanker e.g. for oil has a ballast tank 10 of a flexible, pleated construction with means e.g. rubber rings 13 reinforced with steel coil springs (15), Fig. 5 (not shown), around the inner edge of the pleats to cause the tank 10 to collapse upon emptying. The tank 10 may be placed inside an apertured cylinder 8 and flat, annular metal rings 16 may be provided between the pleats to assist the collapse of the tank inside the cylinder. The ballast, e.g. sea water, is pumped into the tank, via pipes 18, 17 and valve 20, which thus expands. The arrangement is such that the ballast does not become contaminated by the cargo.
Patent GB-461044-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for charging and discharging containers for compressed gases
IPC: G05D16/06
Filed: 1936-02-07
Abstract: 461,044. Valves. CECCHET, A. Feb 7, 1936, No. 3746. [Class 135] Valve apparatus for charging and discharging containers for compressed and liquefied gases comprises a stop valve 4 and a valve 26 which functions as a relief valve during the charging operation and as a reducing valve when gas is being discharged from the container, the two valves being interconnected so that the stop valve opens before and closes after the valve 26. The valve 4 is in the form of an ebonite plug held in a ported valve plug 3 threaded into a casing 2 and rotated by a flat member 5 pivoted on a hollow valve rod 6 at the top of which the valve 26 seats. The rod 6 has a squared portion whereby it can be rotated by a knurled wheel 11 having an internal web pressed against an antifriction washer 12 by a spring 13 abutting a bushing 14. A ring 9 threaded on the gland 7 has two lugs 10 passing through the web and is rotated to adjust the compression of a spring 16 by the wheel 11. The spring 16 loads a flexible diaphragm 21 clamped between the wheel 11 and a cover 19 and between the bushing 14 and a ported nut 20. The diaphragm is coupled to the valve 26 through a conical member 22, rocking levers 23, and a nut 24 on the valve rod 25. Initially, the spring 16 is uncompressed and the valve 4 closed. In filling the container, a pressure gauge 29 is removed from a boss 28 on the casing 2 and replaced by a gas-supply connection. Gas escapes to an outlet 32 when the desired pressure is attained in the container. The gauge is then replaced and the outlet 32 connected to the apparatus to be supplied. When a cock in this latter connection is closed, the valve 26 closes due to outlet pressure acting on the diaphragm 21 against the load of the spring 16.
Patent GB-668580-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hair curling apparatus
IPC: A45D4/10
Filed: 1950-02-14
Abstract: 668,580. Hair-waving devices. MULLER, A. Feb. 14, 1950. [Feb. 23, 1949] No. 3769/50. Class 131. A steam-heated clamp for use in hairwaving comprises a pair of spring-pressed, arcuate jaws 1, 2, provided with finger-grip portions 5, 6 and pivotally connected along one edge on a pin 3 to embrace a curler rod on which a tress of hair is wound, each jaw having a bore with nipples 8 extending from each end and a flexible tube 9 connecting the nipples at one end of the jaws. The nipples at the other end of the jaws are connected to a steam generating apparatus and exhaust, respectively, and the clamp is placed, successively, over curler rods on which hair, covered by a metal wrapper is coiled, heating of the hair being effected by the circulating steam.
Patent GB-211484-A (GB)
Title: Improved type bar action for typewriting machines
IPC: B41J7/02
Filed: 1923-05-03
Abstract: 211,484. Carpenter, C. U. May 3, 1922, [Convention date]. Type-lever actions. - An action suitable for a compact portable machine comprises curved type-levers 12 and key-levers 54 hav ing the pivot 62 located adjacent to the type-heads 27, and within or adjacent to the concavity of the type-lever when the latter are in retracted position. Preferably; the pivot is, as shown, arranged lower than and to the rear of the type-heads. The type-heads rest on a shelf 28, the types 25, 26 being accessible for cleaning &c. The types preferably strike the platen at a point above the horizontal line through the axis.
Patent GB-1029422-A (GB)
Title: Surface treatment of polymers
IPC: C08J7/046
Filed: 1963-01-30
Abstract: Surfaces (e.g. of panels) of oxymethylene copolymers comprising chains of oxymethylene groups having randomly interposed groups with adjacent carbon atoms (e.g. oxyethylene groups) are coated (e.g. by brushing, spraying or dipping) with a lacquer comprising nitrocellulose dissolved in a solvent, dried and optionally baked. Solvents specified are the acetates of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl and 2-ethoxyethyl, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl amyl ketone and tolnol or mixtures thereof.  The lacquer may include a polymer of vinyl acetate or butyl methacrylate, or a copolymer of vinyl acetate and butyl or ethyl acrylate, or ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, or methyl methacrylate, ethyl or butyl acrylate and acrylic acid a diluent (e.g. ubutanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, toluene and xylene), a plasticiser (e.g. disctyl, butyl benzyl or dibutyl phthalate or tricresyl, cresyl diphenyl, or tris-beta-chloroethyl phosphate) and a pigment (e.g. titanium dioxide and carbon black).
Patent GB-266335-A (GB)
Title: Improved process and apparatus for tempering plaster
IPC: C04B40/06
Filed: 1927-02-11
Abstract: 266,335. Chassevent, L. E. Feb. 20, 1926, [Convention date]. Heating.-To enable plaster to be kept fluid for several hours it is mixed and maintained at a temperature of between 60‹ C. and 100 ‹ C. The apparatus may .comprise a double walled mixer A supplied with water from a measuring chamber E fed from a boiler D. The mixer, which may be of any construction, discharges into a double walled vessel J.
Patent GB-559042-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a manufacture of pour point depressant compounds and to compositions containing such compounds
IPC: C07C45/68
Filed: 1941-03-27
Abstract: 559,042. Lubricating oils; dewaxing oils ; paraffin wax compositions. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO. March 27, 1941, No. 4105. Convention date, April 20, 1940. [Class 91] [Also in Groups IV and VIII] Products suitable as pour point depressors for waxy lubricating oils are prepared by condensing an aromatic compound with an alkylhalide having one to six carbon atoms, in the presence of a Friedel-Craft catalyst and, after hydrolizing and removing the catalyst, distilling the product with steam up to a temperature of 600‹ F. so as to obtain a substantially non-volatile product. The pour point depressing properties of products obtained by condensing alkylhalides with the following 'compounds are tabulated: diphenylene oxide, phenyloxide, benzene, o-hydroxydiphenyl, naphthalene, diphenylamine, phenanthrene, fluorene, diphenyl, chrysene, carbazole and anthracene, and also these of ketones made by condensing an alkylhalide and acetyl or benzylchloride with naphthalene, benzene and diphenyl. The use of aniline, xylene, α-naphthylamine, naphthol, cresol, phenetole; anisole, diphenylether, methyl #-naphthylketone, dicresylketone, dibenzyl ketone and cyclohexyl phenylketone as the aromatic compound is also mentioned. Amyl chlorides and monochlorpentane are specified alkylhalides. The products may be used for dewaxing lubricating oils and, when added to paraffin wax form a composition suitable for coating and impregnating paper. Specifications 321,187, [Class 91], 396,147, 440,916 and 555,081 are referred to.