baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-581944-A (GB)
Title: Production of lithium hypochlorite
IPC: C01B11/06
Filed: 1944-04-27
Abstract: In the production of lithium hypochlorite, lithium carbonate or sulphate, either as solid or in aqueous solution, is added to an aqueous solution of an alkaline earth metal hypochlorite, e.g., calcium hypochlorite.  The precipitated sulphate or carbonate is removed from the aqueous solution of LiOCl from which solid LiOCl products containing water at least equivalent to the monohydrate, may be prepared substantially free from lithium chloride.  If desired, a small amount of lithium hydroxide may be added to the aqueous liquor prior to evaporating to dryness.  Temperatures not exceeding about 60 DEG C are generally used.  The alkaline earth hypochlorites used should be substantially free from alkaline earth chloride.  Examples are given.  A reference to the prior art discloses the production of LiOCl by chlorinating a LiOH solution or suspension and separating the LiOCl from the LiCl by treatment with an aliphatic alcohol to form a hypochlorite compound which is readily separable from the LiCl, and subsequently treating the hypochlorite compound with LiOH to obtain LiOCl.  Specification 581,949 is referred to.
Patent GB-798152-A (GB)
Title: Smallpox vaccine and process for preparing same
Inventor: ALLISBAUGH HOWARD C
IPC: A61K39/285
Filed: 1957-03-11
Abstract: A smallpox vaccine, in which the period of viability of the virus is extended, comprises thoroughly ground smallpox vaccine pulp dispersed and suspended in a sterile, aqueous, hypertonic solution of sodium chloride or potassium chloride or ammonium chloride in which the salt is present in a concentration of between 5 and 40 per cent.
Patent GB-702310-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in wide-band amplifier circuits
IPC: H04N5/44
Filed: 1952-03-28
Abstract: 702,310. Valve amplifying circuits; radio receiving apparatus. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. March 28, 1952 [April 4, 1951], No. 7995/52. Classes 40 (5) and 40 (6) In a grounded-cathode, grounded-grid amplifier, the coupling between the two valves comprises a series resonant circuit of an inductor and a capacitor, the common point being connected to the cathode of the second valve. The circuit is described as applied to a V.H.F. amplifier tunable over the frequency bands 54 to 80 mc/s and 174 to 216 mc/s. A signal input is applied to tuned circuit 17, 19, 40, Fig. 2, feeding valve 33 which is coupled over inductor 50 and stray capacitance 62 to the cathode of valve 35, the grid being earthed over capacitor 56. The series circuit 50, 62 is made resonant at the mid frequency of the upper band but, due to the heavy damping is effective over the whole band. Output is taken from the anode of valve 35 and the grid is biased from a potentiometer across the H.T. supply to provide approximately half the potential at point 58. When a double triode is employed, the heaters may be fed through chokes, Fig. 3 (not shown) and bias obtained by a resistor between grid and cathode of valve 35. The connection from the anode of valve 33 may be tapped down inductor 50, Fig. 5, the upper part resonating with capacitor 83 when the circuit is operating over the higher frequency of the tuning range. Over the lower frequencies the lower part 85 resonates with capacitor 83 to form a parallel circuit. When an A.G.C. voltage is to be applied to valve 33 the grid of valve 35 is returned to the mid H.T. supply over a large resistor, Fig. 9 (not shown). To enable the circuit to operate at a number of frequencies the inductors 17, 19, 77 are switched the variation in inductance of the rotor being employed in the matching section 17.
Patent GB-552555-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in coating compositions containing ester gum
IPC: C09D161/32
Filed: 1941-06-27
Abstract: 552,555. Coating-compositions. AMERICAN CYANAMID CO. June 27, 1941, No. 8120. Convention date, Nov. 8, 1940. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, March 21, 1942.] [Class 2 (iii)] A coating composition contains ester gum and a melamine-formaldehyde resin which has been alkylated with an alcohol containing at least 2 carbon atoms, wherein the molar ratio of formaldehyde to melamine is at least' 2.5 : 1, the proportion of melamine-formaldehyde resin being not greater than 40 per cent. (total solids weight basis). Examples are given of the preparation of melamine-formaldehyde resins alkylated with ethanol, n-butanol, amyl alcohols, n-hexyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol, and of the addition of these resins to ester gum solutions to form coating compositions. Specified optional additions are toluene, xylene, benzene, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, alkyl phthalates, tricresyl phosphate, lithopone, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, ferric oxide, Prussian blue, toluidine red, malachite green, mica, glass fibres, ground glass, silica, phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphates, alkyd resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose and tung oil varnishes. The products are useful in the preparation of paints, lacquers, varnishes and printing inks.
Patent GB-111436-A (GB)
Title: Belt Fastener.
Inventor: LAWTON JOHN WILLIAM
IPC: F16G3/06
Filed: 1917-06-07
Abstract: 111,436. Lawton, J. W. June 7, 1917. Belt fastenings. - The ends of the belt are passed through slots b and c in a plate a and secured by a wedge e.
Patent GB-998239-A (GB)
Title: A method of manufacturing thin metal films
IPC: C23C8/02
Filed: 1964-02-27
Abstract: <PICT:0998239/C6-C7/1> A metal film of, e.g., Sb, In, Pb, Zn or Cd, is vapour deposited on to a substrate which is cooled during the deposition, after which the film is heated and reacted with a gas, e.g. oxygen, water vapour or hydrogen.  A substrate 6, on to which lands 16 have been deposited, is supported in a housing 2 and cooled by a source 14 of liquid oxygen.  With a low pressure in the housing maintained by a pump 11, a metal 10 in a crucible 80 is heated and evaporated on to the substrate through a mask (not shown) to form a film 12 in contact with the lands 16 from which probes 18, 20 extend to a suitable meter 22 to monitor the electrical resistance of the film.  When evaporation is completed, cooling is stopped and the substrate heats to room temperature causing agglomeration of the film which increases its resistance.  At a given resistance, oxygen from a reservoir 24 is introduced into the housing to react with the film and stop further agglomeration. The oxygen supply is stopped when a constant resistance reading indicates that agglomeration has ceased. If oxygen is introduced sooner, agglomeration is prevented and a film free of voids is obtained.  The film resistance may be monitored optically by a photocell sensing light passing through the film. The metal film may then be covered with an insulating material, e.g. silicon monoxide.
Patent GB-609848-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to devices for ascertaining the percentage yield in installations for converting a primary product into different constituent products
IPC: G01G19/22
Filed: 1946-03-15
Abstract: 609,848. Counting-apparatus. WALTHER, O. March 15,1946,No. 8160. Convention date, March 22, 1945. [Class 106 (i)] [Also in Group XVIII] To ascertain the average percentage yield in an installation for converting a primary product into its various constituent products, such as in the grinding of corn into grades of flour and feeding-stuffs, an apparatus is provided comprising an automatic weighing scale 1 for the primary product, weighing scales 2 and 3 for the graded products, and an electrical circuit arrangement with counting mechanisms 7, 8a-8d operated on the discharge of the associated weighing scale, the counters for the graded products being disconnected automatically when the primary product counter indicates a determined weight. On each discharge of the weighing scales 1, 2 and 3, a contact 4, 5 and 6 is closed to complete the corresponding counter operating circuit. After a determined weight has been discharged by the weighing scale 1, the counter 7 closes a contact 9 to operate a relay 10 with interrupter contacts 10a-10d corresponding to the counters 8a-8d. Each pair of counters represents a different weight of primary product discharged and in order that the weight of the graded products shown on the counters of the weighing scales 2, 3 may be represented in percentages, means are provided in the counting mechanism to vary the rate of actuation according to the determined quantity of the primary product.
Patent GB-940823-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for converting wave energy into electrical energy
Inventor: KARL HEINZ DETTMAN GERHARD WAL
IPC: F03B13/20
Filed: 1962-03-02
Abstract: 940,823. Buoys. INSTITUT FUR SCHIFFBAU. March 2, 1962, No. 8214/62. Heading B7A. [Also in Division F1] A stabilized buoy structure 1, moored at 3, carries apparatus for converting wave motion to electric power (see Division F1) comprising a vertical, open-ended tube 2 which guides a float 4 whose oscillations drive a generator 7 which supplies current to a lamp 10 by way of an accumulator 9.
Patent GB-554096-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to catalysis
IPC: C07C5/27
Filed: 1941-07-02
Abstract: 554,096. Catalytic agents. TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. July 2, 1941, No. 8371. Convention date, Aug. 2, 1940. [Class 1 1 (U] [Also in Group IV] A catalyst for the conversion of hydrocarbons .consists of a metallic mixed halide, such as aluminium dichlorofluoride, aluminium chlorodifuoride, antimony dichlorobromide and antimony chlorodifluoride. The catalyst may be deposited on carriers or dissolved or dispersed in a liquid medium.
Patent GB-435456-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to force transmission mechanism
IPC: B62D5/06
Filed: 1934-03-17
Abstract: 435,456. Bowden mechanism. BENDIX AVIATION CORPORATION, 105, West Adams Street, Chicago, U.S.A. March 17, 1934, No. 8439. Convention date, March 18, 1933. [Class 80 (iii)] [See also Groups XXIX, XXXI, XXXIII, and XXXIV] Remote control mechanism comprises transmitting and receiving cylinders connected by a conduit, the pistons being connected by a tension member carried in the conduit so that motion is effected hydraulically in one direction and by the tension member in the other direction. The mechanism may be used, e.g. for controlling a carburetter throttle, aeroplane controls, vehicle steering, gear changing, and braking; should the hydraulic operation be impossible owing to leakage, emergency operation is possible by compressive action on the tension member, by employing a double system, or by enabling the tension member to be moved relatively to the pistons. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the transmitting piston 1 is connected to the receiving piston 34 by a cable 36 in the conduit 26. Leakage is made up from a reservoir 50 containing liquid maintained under pressure by a spring-pressed piston 42, and a pressurerelief valve 110 and an air-escape valve 96 are provided. In gear-changing, the control lever may be moved into engagement with one or the other of a pair of transmitting pistons each associated with a receiving piston. A double system is shown in Fig. 8, each end of the transmitting cylinder being connected to the associated end of the receiving cylinder. In the brake-operating system shown in Fig. 9, the cable 528 is connected to a core member 510 movable relatively to the transmitting piston in an emergency by a lever 588. The receiving piston 540 may act on the brake members through a push member 564 or a pull member 566 and toggle links. One transmitting cylinder may supply a number of receiving cylinders, some only of which may have the tension member connection, and expansible and contractible chambers 630, Fig. 11, may be employed. The conduits used may comprise a flexible tube lined with a wire helix, a tube composed of rubber composition layers 660, 662, Fig. 13, and a metal layer 664, and fitted with members 666 for guiding the cable, or a spirally wound sheath 672, Fig. 14, enclosing the cable 670, may be disposed in a spirally wound tube 674 covered with a rubber or other sheath 676.
Patent GB-526458-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in photographic contact copying or printing apparatus
IPC: G03B27/16
Filed: 1939-03-16
Abstract: 526,458. Photographic contact-printing apparatus. CREUZIGER, A. H. (Hartmann, H. Schmitz-). March 16, 1989, No. 8492. [Class 98 (ii)] In a photographic contact copying or printing apparatus, of the kind comprising an illuminated compartment with a transparent or translucent covering on which the negative or positive and the sensitized sheet or film are supported ; a plurality of centre-contact electric lamps 1 are used for the illumination, the screw caps of which are fitted into apertures, which may be threaded, in an upper contacting sheet o whilst the centre contacts engage against a lower sheet s, the sheets o and s being connected to the current supply. In the apparatus shown, the sheets o, s are carried by a frame p with an insulating covering 2 at the bottom, the frame fitting into the compartment d of the apparatus, which is covered by a glass sheet i, the under surface of which may be frosted. A cover or platen, not shown, is provided, consisting of a metal, wood, or stone sheet with soft or sponge rubber or cloth on the underside. A compartment e contains a manual switch wand a time-switch g for automatically timed exposures, and a compartment f with a light-tight lid serves to contain sensitized paper or other materials.
Patent GB-107204-A (GB)
Title: Roller Grinding Mill.
Inventor: ALLEN HENRY
IPC: B02C4/10
Filed: 1917-06-15
Abstract: 107,204. Allen, H. June 15, 1916, [Convention date]. Roller-and-breast mills.-A mill of the kind in which the roller and breast are readily removable and adjustable and the material passes in a direction parallel to the axis comprises a casing 10, 11, a roller 15 consisting of a number of sections 19 detachably mounted on a shaft 17, and a breast 18 formed of a number of pivoted-sections 21 surrounding the roller and having a substantially oval inner face. The breast sections are pivoted at one side on a rod 25, and are provided at the other side with a rod 26 adjustable in slots 27 in the framing to vary the distance between the roller and breast. Adjustment may be effected by turning nuts 30, which engage studs 29 connected to the rod 26. The serrations on the roller and breast are inclined to assist in feeding the material through the machine. The upper portions 22 of the breast sections are in line with the feed opening 12 and form a feed chamber. Some or all of the breast sections may be provided with radial grooves 32 to form air inlets. The sections 21 may, as shown in Fig. 1, be reduced at the bottom to provide air spaces. An adjustable baffle-plate 23, provided with an opening 24 approximately fitting the roller, may be provided between two of the breast sections.
Patent GB-472489-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of a dihydroxystilbene-dicarboxylic acid
IPC: F16J9/20
Filed: 1936-03-23
Abstract: A 4 : 4<1>-dihydroxystilbene-dicarboxylic acid is made by heating an alkali metal salt of 4 : 4<1>-dihydroxystilbene with carbon dioxide under raised pressure.  The product is a dyestuff intermediate.  In examples, (1) the potassium salt, and (2) the sodium salt of 4 : 4<1>-dihydroxystilbene is heated with carbon dioxide to 170 DEG  C. under 120 atmospheres pressure.
Patent GB-1178862-A (GB)
Title: Device for Modulating a Beam of Radiation
IPC: G02F1/015
Filed: 1967-02-23
Abstract: 1,178,862. Laser. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. 23 Feb., 1967 [25 Feb., 1966], No. 8627/67. Heading H1C. [Also in Division H4] To modulate a beam of electromagnetic radiation it is directed to a semi-conductor crystal having contacts, the crystal being such that when an electric field is applied across it, i.e. between the contacts, a zone travelling from one contact to the other is produced having a higher resistivity and a higher potential gradient than other parts of the crystal and thus optical properties which differ from those of the other parts of the crystal. These zones appear as a result of the Gunn effect or as a result of a piezo-electric interaction of the electrons passing through a homogeneous semiconductor body and the lattice vibrations of the semi-conductor. The semi-conductor crystal may comprise a gallium arsenide crystal cut in the (110) direction and used at the ambient temperature or at 77‹ K., or a cadmium sulphide, cadmium telluride, gallium antinonide or tellurium crystal used at room temperature. The Gunn effect appears at about 1500 V/cm. whereas the piezo-electric effect appears at about 300V/cm. at a temperature of 77‹ K. With the Gunn effect the speed of travel of the zone is about 10<SP>7</SP> cm./sec., whereas with the piezo-electric effect it is about 3À5 x 10<SP>5</SP> cm./sec. in GaAs, i.e. the speed of propagation of a shear wave in the crystal. The optical properties utilized to modulate the radiation include the displacement of the absorption threshold due to the strong electric field in the zone (Franz-Keldysh effect), the effect of the field being equivalent to a small reduction of the width of the energy gap in the semi-conductor, i.e. a rise of the threshold wavelength at which strong absorption occurs. The presence of a zone of strong absorption may also be used to produce a surface having reflecting properties. Another optical property which may be utilized is double refraction which causes a change in the state of polarization of incident plane polarized light. In Fig. 2, when the voltage from generator 13 exceeds the threshold value a zone 34 appears in the vicinity of contact 31 and travels through the semi-conductor crystal 30 towards transparent contact 32. A visible or non-visible radiation beam 36 which is preferably mono-chromatic passes through a variable thickness 38 of semi-conductor crystal before it is reflected on the front 39 of the zone 34 of the steep potential gradient. Modulation of the emerging beam 40 is brought about by the variable absorption due to the variable thickness 38 of the semi-conductor. Laser application.-The arrangement of Fig. 2 may be employed for controlling and checking the radiation emission of a laser, if the transparent ohmic contact 32 forms one of the end faces of an interferometer, e.g. a Fabry-Perot type, containing a laser-active medium, in which the stimulated emission starts when the front 39 reaches the transparent contact 32.
Patent GB-622762-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for shaping crankpins in reciprocating engines
IPC: B23B5/06
Filed: 1947-03-31
Abstract: 622,762. Portable turning-apparatus. PALMER, R. R. March 31, 1947, No. 8629. [Class 83 (iii)] Apparatus for shaping a crank-pin 3 in place in a reciprocating engine comprises a ring 12 which embraces the crank-pin and carries a cutting tool 23 for rotation around and displacement along the crank-pin, the ring being carried by abridge adapted to be located on and extend between adjacent journals 1 on each side of the crank-pin. The bridge comprises pedestals 4, 5 supporting bars 8, 9 along which the bearing ring 12 is traversed by a screw 14 which is rotated by hand or power simultaneously with a shaft 20. The latter carries a pinion 19 meshing with a rack 18 fast with a circular slide 17 carrying the tool 23 which is mounted on a bracket 25 pivoted at 26. The ends of the pins are radiused by attaching a stop 31 to the ring 12 to engage a star-wheel 29, thus progressively turning a worm-wheel 30 and the tool. In a modification, the bearing ring may carry a motor driving the circular slide through gearing.
Patent GB-363572-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sound producing devices
IPC: G10K9/04
Filed: 1931-03-20
Abstract: 363,572. Sirens. NORTHEY, J. P. and NORTHEY, R. V., 1015, Metropolitan Building, Toronto, Canada. March 20, 1931, No. 8641. [Class 13.] In a siren in which a slotted piston 4 having an enlarged head 6 adapted to reciprocate in a cylinder enlargement 7 under the action of air under pressure and in which a chamber 10 for sound producing air surrounds the cylinder, a communication at mid-stroke between the interior of the cylinder enlargement and the sound producing air and/or a supplemental exhaust from the back of the piston head 6 is provided. As shown starting with the piston at the extreme right of its stroke, Fig. 3, air is supplied to the front of the piston from a chamber 16 through radial passages 15 and ports 14 and is exhausted from the back of the piston through ports 12, 13, passages 25, port 18, passages 19 and a chamber 20, until the ports 13, 12 and passage 25 communicates with the air supply through passages 24 in the piston face and the exhaust port 18 is cut off. Owing to the back of the piston being of larger area than the front, the piston is now urged to the right, thus when operating as above described, in a complete to and fro movement, two puffs of air pass piston slots 5. Passages 26 in the piston co-operating with ports 27, 28, which communicate with passageways 29 and an annular chamber 30 provide the supplemental exhaust. Other passages 31, Fig. 2, cooperating with ports 39, 33 in the piston and ports 34, passages 35 and chamber 36, in the cylinder walls connect the front of the piston head with the sounding air supply 11 at mid-stroke. The air supply to the chamber 36 being controlled by plugs 38 of varying size. Thus if the pressure of the driving air be reduced the piston will only move to the right to the mid-position, shown in Fig. 2, and in this case one puff of air only is emitted in a complete to and fro movement of the piston. The horn may be designed such that the piston will vibrate, when the pressure of the driving air is sufficiently reduced, in substantial synchronism with the horn.
Patent GB-1286711-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to marking devices
Inventor: OWEN DENNIS CHARLES EDMUND
IPC: B44B5/00
Filed: 1970-02-24
Abstract: 1286711 Embossing FUNDITOR Ltd 19 April 1971 [24 Feb 1970] 8705/70 Heading B3M A marking device for marking articles which have a circular cross-section includes a die 80 for marking an article and a rotatable support member 12 for supporting an article so that during marking the article is rolled on the die by relative movement between the support member and the die which is biased towards the support member. The support member 12 is a drum having slots 15 and die 80 is resiliently mounted by springs 70. A feed means 28 has a platform 30, six adjustable guide bars 38, 39 and pistons and cylinders 36, 37 slidably mounted on rods 31. The feed means operates by retracting pistons and cylinders 36 so that an article can abut against pistons and cylinders 37. Pistons and cylinders are then extended and pistons and cylinders retracted to allow an article to pass into a groove 15. The sequential operation of the pistons and cylinders is controlled by cams 44 and pilot valves 42, the cams being mounted on drum shaft 13. The feed means could have an endless belt which moves to convey articles to the drum, Figs. 5-7 (not shown). Associated with such a belt could be a drum having projections thereon to move oppositely to the direction of movement of articles to space them out on the belt, Fig. 8 (not shown). In operation an article rests in slot 15 against the lower wall 17 thereof as it moves towards die 80. When the article meets the die the article is caused to roll between the die and the surface 19 of the slot until upper surface 17 moves the article past the die whereupon the article drops into shoot 90.
Patent GB-126185-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with Cigarette and Cigar Holders.
Inventor: ROSS WILLIAM LESLIE
IPC: A24F13/02
Filed: 1918-05-27
Abstract: 126,185. Ross, W. L., and Morrison, W. May 27, 1918. Cigarette holders. - Rubber holders D are made by dipping a series of moulds or formers C, attached to a carrier frame, repeatedly into rubber solution. The upper edge of the rubber is rolled on the flat part B of the former to produce a rim, the outside is vulcanized, the rubber is stripped from the former, and the inside vulcanized. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 331/07 and 4212/12, [Class 87 (ii), Moulding plastic &c. substances].