Patent GB-1043488-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions containing organo phosphorus complexes, the preparation thereof and the complexes thus prepared
IPC: C09K23/14
Filed: 1964-12-24
Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprises a major proportion by weight of a lubricating oil and a minor proportion by weight of a complex of (A), a mono- or poly-oxyalkylene compound containing a phosphate or thiophosphate radical, and (B), a polar substituted alkyl or alkenyl imidazoline (see Division C2).  (A) preferably has the formula <FORM:1043488/C4-C5/1> wherein R is a C8- 20 alkyl or acyl radical or a alkylaryl radical wherein the alkylaryl group is a C4- 18 group, R1 is a C2-6 alkylen radical, each R1 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical, or R is hydrogen and each R1 is a hydrocarbyl radical, X is oxygen or sulphur and x is an integer of 1 to 20.  (B) preferably has the formula <FORM:1043488/C4-C5/2> wherein R3 is a C10- 30 alkyl or alkenyl radical, R4 is the same as R1 and Y is a polar group. Specified complexes include (1) the acid phosphate of C9H19C6H4(OC2H4)6OH and 1 - hydroxyethyl - 2 - heptadecyl imidazoline, (2) acid phosphate of <FORM:1043488/C4-C5/3> and 1 - hydroxyethyl - 2 - undecyl imidazoline, (3) the acid phosphate of <FORM:1043488/C4-C5/4> OH and 1 - hydroxyisopropyl - 2 - pentadecyl imidazoline, (4) acid phosphate of C12H25C6H4-(OC2H4)4OH and 1 - hydroxy - 2 - heptadecenyl imidazoline, (5) acid phosphate of C9H19C6H4-(OC2H4)6OH and 1 - hydroxy - 2 - heptadecenyl imidazoline, (6) acid phosphate of C9H19C6H4-(OC2H4)6OH and 1-aminoethyl-2-undecyl imidazoline, (7) acid phosphate of C9H19C6H4(OC2-H4)6OH and 1 - aminoethyl - 2 - heptadecenyl imidazoline.  The lubricant may be a natural or synthetic lubricant and may be a mineral oil or a synthetic hydrocarbon, e.g. a polyolefin, or it may be of the ester or polyoxyalkylene type, several of the latter type being specified. The composition preferably additionally contains an alkanol having at least 12 carbon atoms, e.g. lauryl, stearyl or oleyl alcohol, or an oxo alcohol. Conventional anti-oxidants may also be present, for example an arylamino or an alkylated mono- or bis-phenol.  The mineral hydrocarbon lubricant may be blended with a fatty oil, e.g. castor or lard oil.  When the lubricant is in the form of a concentrate, it may be added to compounded lubricants such as lubricating oils containing non-ash forming polymeric detergents such as copolymers of vinyl pyridine and C12- 18 alkyl methacrylates, or copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and C12- 18 alkyl methacrylates as described in Specification 808,665 or polymeric amidoimine compounds, or the oil concentrates may be incorporated in gear lubricants containing phosphonates such as amine monoalkyl monochloromethyl phosphonates, or ash-forming detergents and anti-oxidants such as basic metal petroleum sulphonates, alkyl phenol sulphides and dialkyl dithiophosphates.ALSO:A complex of (A), a mono- or poly-oxyalkylene compound containing a phosphate or thiophosphate radical, and (B) a polar substituted alkyl or alkenyl imidazoline is obtained by mixing compounds (A) and (B) in a mol. ratio of 1:5 to 5:1.  Compound (A) preferably has the formula <FORM:1043488/C2/1> wherein R is a C8- 20 alkyl or acyl radical or a alkylaryl radical wherein the alkyl group is a C4- 18 group; R1 is a C2- 6 alkylene radical, each R1 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical, or R is hydrogen and each R1 is a hydrocarbyl radical, X is oxygen or sulphur and x is an integer of 1 to 20.  (B) preferably has the formula <FORM:1043488/C2/2> wherein R3 is a C10- 30 alkyl or alkenyl radical, R4 is the same as R1 and Y is a polar group. The mol. ratios of A to B are preferably from 1:2 to 2:1.  The complex may be prepared at room temperature or by warming the mixture for from 1/2 to 2 hours until a homogeneous material is formed.  It is preferred to form the complex as a concentrate in situ in a base lubricant to which the complex may be added (see Division C5).  Specified compounds (A) (see Formula III below) are the acid phosphates of <FORM:1043488/C2/3> <FORM:1043488/C2/4> <FORM:1043488/C2/5> <FORM:1043488/C2/6> <FORM:1043488/C2/7> Other specified compounds (see Formula IV below) are the addition products of ethylene oxide and (a) nonyl phenyl-, (b) lauryl- and (c) tridecyl phenyl acid phosphates, and propylene oxide and nonyl phenyl acid phosphate.  Compound (A) may be obtained by (i) phosphating with a suitable phosphating agent, e.g. H3PO4 or P2O5, a reaction product of a C4- 18 alkyl phenol, a long chain alkanol or a long chain fatty acid and an alkylene oxide. The reaction temperature should not exceed 140 DEG  C. and should preferably be kept between 50 DEG  and 100 DEG  C. for a period up to 10 hours.  The preferred compounds produced by this method have the general formula  <FORM:1043488/C2/8> Another method (ii) of preparation of (A) is by the alkoxy alkoxylation of an organic acid phosphate or thiophosphate, e.g. a long chain alkyl acid phosphate or thiophosphate, an aryl acid phosphate or an alkylaryl acid phosphate. The reactants are mixed at - 30 DEG  to + 100 DEG  C., preferably between 40 DEG  and 80 DEG C., and the reaction may be carried out in the presence of an acidic catalyst, e.g. BF3.  The preferred compounds produced by this method have the general formula <FORM:1043488/C2/9>