baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-456435-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in leather pulps and products made therefrom
IPC: C08L89/06
Filed: 1935-02-02
Abstract: Chrome tanned leather scraps are reduced to "fibrils" by beating the dried but unfinished leather with water, preferably acidified to a pH of between 2 and 3, and the product is formed into sheets.  The pulp has sufficient cohesion to produce a sheet without additions but casein, ammonium caseinate, sulphonated oils, vegetable tanning extracts and salts such as aluminium sulphate or ferric chloride may be added.  The pulp may also be mixed with vegetable fibre such as wood, cotton, flax or animal fibre, e.g. hair.  The sheets may be water-proofed by the addition of algin, alginic acid or ammonium, sodium or zinc alginate. Latex may be added to increase flexibility.
Patent GB-139865-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to screening apparatus
IPC: B07B1/46
Filed: 1919-02-13
Abstract: 139,865. Powling, W. T. Feb. 13, 1919. Fixed sieves.-In sifting-apparatus, of the kind comprising a number of superimposed sieves 10, 11, 12 and conveyer bands 13 - - 16 with projecting propelling-elements 22, the conveyer bands receive the material falling through each sieve, convey it to the feding end of the next sieve, and sweep it along the upper surface of the sieve to which it is delivered. In the arrangement shown, the sieves are inclined, and the sifted material is delivered to shoots 18 - - 21 at the upper ends of the sieves.
Patent GB-569849-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the retting of flax
IPC: D01C1/04
Filed: 1943-03-04
Abstract: 569,849. Retting. TAYLOR, C. B., PARKER, A., and SOUTHGATE, B. A. March 4, 1943, No. 3598. [Class 120 (i)] Flax is retted by standing it in water which is given an oxidizing treatment during the retting operation of sufficient intensity to enable the water to be reused without substantial dilution for a succession of rets : by this process the discharge of substantial quantities of liquid between successive rets is avoided. The oxidizing treatment may be effected by aeration, e.g. by circulating the liquid at a controlled rate between the retting tank and a tank in which the liquid is aerated by bubbles of air introduced e.g. by porous diffuser plates : or the oxidizing treatment may be effected by biological filtration or by such filtration and aeration. The biological filtration may be effected by circulating the retting liquid continuously during the retting through a percolating biological filter. At the end of each of a succession of rets the liquid may be run out of the retting tank into a storage tank, the flax removed from the retting tank, the stored liquid returned thereto and water added to compensate for the amount of liquid removed with the flax and lost through evaporation or other causes : the retting liquid in the storage tank may be subjected to sedimentation to remove suspended matter.
Patent GB-1129361-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the heat treatment of sewage and other organic sludges
Inventor: TOWNSEND GEORGE EDWARD
IPC: C02F11/18
Filed: 1965-01-27
Abstract: 1,129,361. Heating sewage. WILLIAM E. FARRER Ltd. 13 Jan., 1966 [27 Jan., 1965], No. 3679/65. Heading C1C. Heated sewage sludges are passed through an elongated heavily lagged duct designed to maintain the sludge substantially at the desired temperature to which it has been heated. The sludge is passed through the duct for a predetermined time which is controlled by a sealed vertical cylinder containing four probes to which it is linked. Each probe carries a sensing device such as a float-operated switch actuated if the lower end of the probe is immersed. Two probes at intermediate levels and the longest probe control the discharge valves of the cylinder which are actuated by compressed air and solenoid valves. The shortest probe stops the pump which forces the sludge through the treatment in the the event of a blockage.
Patent GB-524703-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to centrifugal fans
IPC: F04D29/30
Filed: 1939-02-03
Abstract: 524,703. Centrifugal fans. STOTT, O. Feb. 3, 1939, No. 3695. [Class 110 (i)] In a centrifugal fan, each blade of the impeller slopes backwards with respect to the direction of rotation of the fan and consists of a number of sections, a, b, c spaced apart and so positioned that the air is directed by each section on to the rear face of the next section, which is nearer the periphery. The sections may be straight or curved.
Patent GB-990982-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to transistors
IPC: H01L21/22
Filed: 1961-08-25
Abstract: 990,982. Transistors. COMPAGNIE FRANCAISE THOMSON-HOUSTON. Aug. 25, 1961 [Sept. 23, 1960], No. 30738/61. Heading H1K. A method of forming a body for a transistor starts with a rod of semi-conductor material containing two actuating materials of opposite conductivity type, of which that having the greater concentration has the lower diffusion coefficient, and subjects it to the following steps:-an end portion of the rod is fused and allowed to recrystallize, thus forming the body shown in Fig. 1 in which the recrystallized region 2 is of the same conductivity type as the unfused region 1 but is of lower overall doping, appreciable amounts of activators having recrystallized in the tip portion 3; the recrystallized portion is then heated in an atmosphere containing an activator of the same conductivity type as that originally present in the rod to the lesser extent, and this treatment simultaneously forms a surface layer 5 (Fig. 3) of opposite conductivity type on the more weakly doped portion 2 of the body, and forms a base layer 4 of this conductivity type in the body by diffusion of the faster diffusing impurity from the more highly doped region. A wax or varnish masking blob 6 is then applied to the body as shown so that after etching a body is produced (Fig. 5) which has emitter region 8, base region 4, and a collector region, the collector region having overlying part of its surface a layer 10 to which the base electrode 15 is attached. Emitter and collector electrodes 11, 12 are attached to their respective regions on the opposite side of the body to the base electrode. In the particular embodiment the body is made of germanium doped with indium and a lesser quantity of antimony, and is heated during its processing in an atmosphere containing antimony. The resulting PNP body has a base electrode of gold/antimony wire fused to layer 10 and has nickel bands 11, 12 acting as emitter and collector electrodes soldered to the body with tin/lead alloy. Specific doping concentrations at the various processing stages are mentioned in the Specification. Specification 990,981 is referred to.
Patent GB-419205-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gramophones
IPC: G11B17/02
Filed: 1933-02-07
Abstract: 419,205. Gramophones. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., Magnet House, Kingsway, London, and JACOBY, H. C. E., c/o General Electric Co., Witton, Birmingham. Feb. 7, 1933, No. 3745. [Class 40 (ii).] An automatic control mechanism for a gramophone, described particularly with reference to a mechanism for switching off a driving motor and applying a brake when a record has been played, comprises a bent lever 8 mounted by a screw 9 on a sleeve carrying the tone arm &c. 6. A lever 17 pivoted at 14 on a fixed plate 1 secured to the gramophone is pressed into frictional engagement with a sector 13, also pivoted at 14, by means of a spring tongue 18. The sector 13 has a step 15 on its periphery, which rocks a lever 40 to close a switch 37 to start the driving motor, when the sector is rotated by a pin 12 on the lever 8 as a result of the tone-arm being swung to starting position. The lever 17 carries at its free end a doublearmed lever 21, pivoted at 20, one arm 22 being pressed by a leaf-spring 25 into contact with a fixed stop. Towards the end of the audition period, the part 11 of the lever 8 engages a pin 16 on the sector 13 and thereby frictionally rotates the lever 17, which rotation swings the lever 21 so that a face 27 on the arm 23 of this lever moves into the path of a rubber pad 30 on an arm 29 mounted on the turntable spindle 3 and is struck back to replace the lever 17 at each revolution of the turntable. This continues until the needle enters a quick run-in groove on the record whereupon the arm 23 is rocked sharply so that the end 28 of this lever is struck by the pad 30, thus causing the lever 17 to actuate the pin 39 to open the switch 37, and allowing the spring 45 to rock the arm 44 to apply a brake 47 to a flange on the turntable. In a modification, the contact 60 for making or breaking the motor circuit is carried by a rocking plate 58 which is pivoted at 65, and which carries the brake pad 62. The sector 52 is rigidly connected to arms 53, 54, the sector having one step 67, which, by means of a lug 66 and pin 64 on the plate 58, sets the lever 56, and a second step 70 which actuates a lever 69 to lock the lever 56 in set position. When, during playing, the tone-arm 55 engages the pin 82 on lever 54, the sector 52 is rotated clockwise to release the lever 69 and plate 58 so that at the end of the playing period the lever 56, on actuation by the arm 76, may rotate the plate 58 by means of the pin 64 and thus break the motor circuit and apply the brake 62.
Patent GB-1516494-A (GB)
Title: Mask for administering gas to a patient
IPC: A61M16/00
Filed: 1977-01-29
Abstract: 1516494 Anaesthetic face masks G E BROWN 29 Jan 1977 03755/77 Heading A5T A mask for administering anaesthetic gas comprises an inner cup-shaped shell 24 and an outer shell 36 defining therewith an exhaust passage 35 which communicates via a valve 30 with the chamber defined within shell 24 and surrounding the patients nose and/or mouth, gas being supplied to the chamber through lines 25 and 26. Excess gas and gases exhaled by the patient pass through valve 35 into passage 35 which is connected through tubes (37, 38 Fig. 4) to a suction pump which also draws gas leaking round the edge 25A of the inner shell into the passage 35. Holes may be provided in the outer shell communicating with passage 35 to prevent a suction build up which would make difficult removal of the mask from a patient.
Patent GB-396791-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to meters for measuring gaseous fluid
IPC: G01F1/05
Filed: 1932-02-09
Abstract: 396,791. Bearings. HODGSON, J. L., Biscot Road Works, Luton. Feb. 9, 1932, No. 3870. [Class 12 (i).] In a rotary gas-meter the spindle 21 supporting the rotor 16 is vertical and is attached at the base by a float 26 in mercury 29. A pin 31 which supports a pdrtion of the weight of the rotor and shaft is fixed in a cup-shaped member 32 which remains in position when the outer vessel 27, containing the mercury, is removed for cleansing purposes. The upper bearing 35 contains a ball thrust, and is also surrounded by mercury for sealing purposes.
Patent GB-214766-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rotary valves for internal combustion engines
IPC: F01L1/44
Filed: 1923-02-09
Abstract: 214,766. White, D. G. F., and Neilson, L. W. Feb. 9, 1923. Valves.-In an engine wherein a single poppet valve 0 controls both inlet and exhaust, which are further controlled by a rotary valve A, additional port area is provided for the valve A by means of passages E, E' formed in the valve and coinciding with a passage D in the stationary valve spindle after the main port, formed by a cut-away part of the valve, has become closed. In the case where the valve rotates with its spindle, only the port E in the valve is provided, this port then leading to the face of the cut-away part of the valve. The rotary valve is grooved circumferentially at M to receive the stem N of the poppet valve 0.
Patent GB-861747-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to means for dewatering sludge in sewage disposal installations
Inventor: SMITH FREDERICK HAROLD
IPC: C02F11/121
Filed: 1959-02-04
Abstract: 861,747. Straining machines. SEWAGE & WATER PURIFICATION CO. (PROPRIETARY) Ltd. Feb. 4, 1959, No. 3921/59. Class 46. A vibrating screen apparatus comprises at least two screens of different mesh mounted in spaced relationship. The screens comprise separate sections 7, 8 Fig. 2, the upper screen being of coarser mesh than the lower screen. The sections are arranged in a stepped formation and overlap one another. The screens are arranged in a surrounding structure 5 suspended from a rigid support structure and the structure 5 is vibrated by a vibrator or an outof-balance motor 28. The screens themselves may be vibrated independently. The screen sections are provided at either transverse edge with V-shaped supports 12, Fig. 3, which are arranged to engage cross-bars 13, 14. The crossbars 13 as seen in Fig. 2 are fixed to the structure 5 while the bars 14 extend through slots in the structure, these bars being adjustable to vary the tension of the screen. The longitudinal edges of the screen may be provided with hookshaped members 22, Fig. 5 which engage members 23 adjustable by bolts 24 to vary the tension of the screens. The sludge is fed to the top screen through an opening 35, Fig. 2, of a feeding box 3 which is provided with a horizontal baffle 32. The sludge is fed to a cylinder 37 and passes to the box 3 through a telescopic pipe 39 whose height may be adjusted manually or automatically. Specification 832,041 is referred to.
Patent GB-669056-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fuels for internal combustion engines and to the operation of such engines
IPC: C10L1/12
Filed: 1949-02-14
Abstract: A minor proportion of a metal nitrate or carbonate is added to a hydrocarbon fuel containing at least 0.1 per cent sulphur by weight, the resultant fuel composition being used in internal combustion engines.  The fuel may be any hydrocarbon fuel for actuating the various internal combustion engines and may contain any of the usual fuel additives, save that the term does not include gasolines containing lead tetraalkyls.  The invention may be practised with fuels containing more than 5.0 per cent by weight of sulphur, but about 0.2-3.0 per cent is the preferred range.  The sulphur may be free or combined.  Suitable nitrates and carbonates are those of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, calcium, barium, strontium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, magnesium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, mercury, aluminium, tin, lead, antimony and bismuth.  The nitrates are preferred.  The inorganic salt may be present in quantities from 0.003 to 0.5 per cent by weight of the fuel.  If soluble in the fuel, the salt may be directly dissolved therein, but where desirable a substance to enhance its solubility in the fuel (such as isopropyl alcohol) may be added.  An aqueous or alcoholic solution, suspension or dispersion of the nitrate or carbonate may alternatively be injected into the engine intake air system or into the fuel-feed line prior to injection into the combustion chamber.  The flow of solution, intermittent or continuous, may be regulated by a metering device.  The salt may also be introduced into the combustion chamber as a suspension or dispersion in wax. In an example a solution of calcium nitrate in isopropyl alcohol is injected into the air intake system of a diesel engine operating on a fuel containing 0.7 per cent sulphur.  The rate of injection is 0.6 c.c. per minute, and the concentration such that the fuel contains 0.022 per cent by weight of Ca(NO3)24H2O.  Ring wear is lessened and piston cleanliness improved.  Example 2 describes the addition of the same amount of calcium nitrate and 1 per cent isopropyl alcohol directly to the same fuel, and its use in the same engine.
Patent GB-104402-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Reaming and Drilling Machinery.
Inventor: TUCKFIELD CHARLES
IPC: B23B41/04
Filed: 1916-03-18
Abstract: 104,402. Tuckfield, C., and Garland, W. G. de F. March 18, 1916. Drilling - machines ; drills.-Taper polygonal holes are produced by a tapered polygonal drill having a rising and falling motion during its rotation. The drill may be combined with a twist drill as shown in Fig. 3, and is carried by a sleeve splined to the drill spindle and provided with a cam-track D, Fig. 2, engaged by rollers or studs inserted in holes B, Fig. 1, in an outer casing, which rotates with the spindle during the circular drilling, but is held stationary during the polygonal drilling. The rising and falling motion may be imparted to the work table.
Patent GB-1453471-A (GB)
Title: Coulometry and coulometric analysis
IPC: G01N27/44
Filed: 1973-01-26
Abstract: 1453471 Electro-chemical analysis IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 28 Jan 1974 [26 Jan 1973] 4128/73 Heading G1N In apparatus for determining the concentration of a species in a continuously fed electrolyte, the species is removed by a process at an electrode system supplied with a constant current and the amount of electricity needed to remove the species is determined. Removal may comprise electrochemical deposition; generation of a reagent which reacts with the species, or conversion of the species to another valency state. Preferably current is passed only when the species is present, the species being detected by electro-chemical sensing electrodes (sensor and reference) or by conductivity electrodes. The generator system comprises a generator electrode and an auxiliary electrode. One reversible electrode may be both generator and sensor electrode and another reversible electrode may be both auxiliary and reference electrodes. Preferably the auxiliary electrode is located downstream of the generator electrode to remove the risk of interference from species formed at the auxiliary electrode. To reduce electrical interference, one electrode preferably constitutes a portion of the conduit wall, is earthed and surrounds the other electrode. As shown, sections 1 and 6 of the conduit wall are made of PTFE and are separated by a platinum auxilary electrode 3. The detector electrodes are reference electrode 2 and platinum redox sensor (4) and platinum generator electrode 5 is axially aligned inside the auxiliary electrode. The cell may be used for the analysis of submicrogram quantities of sulphur dioxide by passing the gas into a solution of potassium iodide, iodine and acetic acid so that iodine is converted to iodide and generating iodine at electrode 5 to restore the balance.
Patent GB-178603-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to dirigible life saving appliances
IPC: B63C9/00
Filed: 1921-02-04
Abstract: 178,603. Vincent, E. F. Feb. 4, 1921. Life-buoy signals.-A life-buoy is provided with an electric lamp r, Fig. 6, supplied with current from an accumulator in a box t. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 1, the buoy may be used as a container for compressed gas such as acetylene for feeding a burner m which may be ignited by a flint and steel device.
Patent GB-773499-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to axial-flow compressors and to gas-turbine engines incorporating such compressors
Inventor: HOLLINGS JOHN SHAW
IPC: F04D21/00
Filed: 1954-02-12
Abstract: 773,499. Axial-flow compressors; gas turbine plant. ROLLS-ROYCE, Ltd. Jan. 27, 1955 [Feb. 12, 1954], No. 4273/54. Classes 110 (1) and 110 (3). A multi-stage axial-flow compressor comprises a lowpressure rotor having at least two rows of rotor blades 13, 14 which are designed for subsonic velocities (Mach No. less than 0.9) or transonic velocities (Mach No. between 0.9 and 1.25), a row of stator blades 15 between each pair of said rows of rotor blades, and a high-pressure rotor having at least one row or rotor blades 21 which are designed for supersonic velocities (Mach No. greater than 1.25) and receive air directly from the downstream low-pressure rotor blade row, the low-pressure and high-pressure rotors being arranged to rotate in opposite directions, and the outlet angle of the rotor blades 14 of the downstream low-pressure rotor blade row being so chosen that the velocity of the air relative to the rotor blades 21 is supersonic. The velocity of the air at the outlet from the blades 14 may be axial in direction or may have a whirl component in the direction of rotation of the low-pressure rotor. The rotor blades 21 are followed by stator blades 23, a further row of rotor blades 22 and outlet guide vanes 27. The compressor forms part of a gas turbine engine comprising combustion equipment 11 and oppositelyrotating turbine rotors 17, 25 which drive the low-pressure and high-pressure compressor rotors respectively through hollow shafts 16, 24. Shaft bearings 30, 31, 32, 33 are supported by stator blades 15, 23, 28. Specification 707,298 is referred to.
Patent GB-340439-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the wiring of boxes and the like, and conveyors therefor
IPC: B65B13/18
Filed: 1930-02-08
Abstract: 340,439. Bundling-machines. NEW CONVEYOR CO., Ltd., Brook Street, and SCOTT, H. A., 60, Castle Road, Warley Woods, both in Smethwick, Staffordshire. Feb. 8, 1930, No. 4314. [Class 94 (i).] Apparatus for facilitating the wiring or strapping of boxes and packages while on a conveyer comprises means whereby the boxes are stopped temporarily in the correct position in relation to guides for the wire, and restarting means ; both means being controlled by a device leaving the hands of the operator free. The conveyer comprises rollers 3 mounted on slightly inclined angle-irons 1, 2. Three similar rollers 15 are mounted on a vertically movable frame e 14, which, at the beginning of the operation, is in the position shown in Fig. 4, with the rollers 15 level with the rollers 3. The box gravitates towards the left until arrested by a stop 10, and is then in position with relation to guides 4 for the wires. The stop 10 is longitudinally adjustable along shafts 36 to allow for boxes of different sizes. The table 14 carrying the rollers 15 is then lowered so that the box rests on the upper surfaces 8 of the guides. A wire is passed along each slot 5 and is guided upwards by a curved portion a at the back so that it can be seized and brought over the top of the box. The wires are then tensioned and secured by any suitable device. The rollers 15 are raised to a position somewhat higher than that shown to ensure the wires being drawn out of the slots, and the stop 10 is simultaneously lowered, leaving the box free to travel to the left. The parts are next returned to the positions shown in Fig. 4 in readiness for another cycle of operations. The operating pedal 17, Fig. 3, is pivoted at 18 and is retained in one of three positions by a spring-pressed pawl 23 engaging in recesses 25 .. 27. When the notch 26 is engaged, the table 14 and stop 10 are as shown in Fig. 4, and when the pawl 23 is disengaged and the pedal is raised by a spring 28 to the upper position, levers 35 are rotated about spindles 36 so that the upper ends 37 lower the table 14. The pedal is then put into the lowest position thereby raising the table and lowering the stop 10 to release the box.