Patent GB-1028471-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in reciprocatory engines and pumps
IPC: F01B3/00
Filed: 1961-05-05
Abstract: 1,028,471. Reciprocating piston or cylinder engines or pumps; fuel injection pumps; compressors. K. C. W. BROWN. May 4, 1962 [May 5, 1961], No. 16463/61. Headings F1A, F1B and FIN. In a reciprocating piston or cylinder engine or pump, a portion of the reciprocating piston or cylinder spaced from the axis thereof is directly coupled to a crank-pin by means of a pivotal coupling which accommodates movement of the coupling along the crank-pin while constraining the reciprocating member to oscillate about its axis in addition to its linear reciprocation. In Fig. 1 a pair of pistons 11, 12, are rigidly connected to one another and are connected to an inclined crank-pin 4, mounted in rotating crank discs 2, 3, by a pivotal coupling 29 in a member 27 offset from the piston axis. A pair of reciprocating cylinders 13, 14, are similarly rigidly inter-connected and connected to the pin 4 by a pivotal coupling 39 on the opposite side of the piston axis to the coupling 29. The spaces A, B, between the pistons and cylinders form combustion spaces and the spaces C, D, between the reciprocating cylinders 13, 14, and stationary cylinder heads 55 form precompression spaces into which combustible mixture is drawn from carburetters 56 through resilient disc valves 57. The pistons 11, 12, work out of phase in the two stroke cycle, the charge compressed in spaces C, D, being forced through inlet passages 45 in the walls of the cylinders 13, 14, and through piston-controlled ports 47, the exhaust passage 53 being controlled by piston controlled ports 51 in the cylinders 13, 14. The couplings 29, 39, comprise cylindrical blocks mounted in bearing sleeves in lugs 26, 42, in the connecting members of the pistons and cylinders. As the crank-pin rotates about its centre point 5, the pistons 11, 12, and cylinders 13, 14, execute a combined reciprocating and oscillatory motion and the couplings 29, 39, permit axial sliding motion of the pin relative thereto. Each reciprocating cylinder carries the earthed electrodes 61 of an igniter, the live electrode 62 being carried by the associated piston and fed from a coil ignition system 64 through wipers 67 contacted by contacts 66. In a modification the lower piston and cylinder is omitted and the upper piston is stationary. In a further modification the pistons and cylinders are connected to two crank-pins, parallel to the crank-shaft, by runners which permit rotational and axial movement relative to the crank-pins. The igniters of Fig. 1 may be replaced by a combined fuel injection pump and injector, Fig. 5 having a cylinder 81 carried by the stationary cylinder head 55 and a plunger 82 carried by the associated reciprocating cylinder head 15. The annular pumping space 88 is fed from an inlet 90 through a non-return valve 96 and passages 94. On the pumping stroke the non-return valve 96 is held open for an adjustable period by a rod 100 and fuel spills through valve 96 and spill pipe 91 until valve 96 seats, when it is forced down passage 95 and through the injection orifice into a toroidal combustion chamber in each reciprocating cylinder end wall 15 or piston head 17.