Patent GB-1062595-A (GB)
Title: Bonded materials and process of producing same
IPC: C03C25/40
Filed: 1963-11-07
Abstract: Siliceous material is treated with an organic solution of an alkoxysilane, obtained by reaction of <FORM:1062595/C1/1> (where R is alkylene, arylene, or aralkylene; Y is amino, mercapto, carboxyl, cyano, hydroxy, epoxy, quinonyl, sulphonic acid, or oxime; R1 and R2 are the same or different alkyl radicals; and Z is alkyl or alkoxy) with enough water to hydrolyse at least one, but not all, of the alkoxy groups. Suitable initial alkoxysilanes and organic solvents are listed. The organic solution contains 0.1-10.0% of the silane and less than 0.5% moisture.  The siliceous material may be clay, e.g. kaolin, or bentonite, hydrated or fume silica, ground quartz, diatomaceous earth, talc, AlMg silicate (chlorite), CaMg silicate (tremolite), NaAl silicate, or Ca silicate. After treatment, the material is dried at 50-1000 DEG  F. to remove the solvent, and is used as a filler in compounding rubber.  Alternatively, treatment may be effected by adding the silane simultaneously with, or dissolved in, the rubber (see Example 8).  Example 5 relates to treating quartz; the remainder to glass.ALSO:Siliceous material which has been treated with a partially hydrolysed alkoxysilane (see Division C1) is incorporated into a rubbery polymer and the polymer is subsequently cured. The alkoxysilane has the formula <FORM:1062595/C3/1> where Y is amino, mercapto carbonyl, cyano, hydroxy, epoxy, quinonyl, sulphonic acid, or oxime, and Z is alkyl or alkoxy.  The siliceous material may be clay, silica, quartz, diatomaceous earth, silicates, or glass. In Example 5, quartz powder is treated with g -amino-propyl triethoxysilane and compounded with an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber in a conventional recipe. Alternatively, the silane and siliceous material may be separately added to the rubber.ALSO:Glass fibre, cloth or roving is treated with an organic solution of an alkoxysilane obtained by reaction of <FORM:1062595/D1-D2/1> (where R is alkylene, arylene, or aralkylene; Y is amino, mercapto, carboxyl, cyano, hydroxy, epoxy, quinonyl, sulphonic acid, or oxime; R1 and R2 are the same or different alkyl radicals; and Z is alkyl or alkoxy) with enough water to hydrolyse at least one, but not all, of the alkoxy groups. Suitable initial alkoxysilanes and organic solvents are listed. The organic solution may contain 0.1 - 10.0% of the silane and less than 0.5% moisture.  A polymeric binder (examples are given) may be mixed with the organic solution, or may be applied as a temporary size, removed by pyrolysis, to the glass before treatment. After treatment the glass is dried at 50 - 1000 DEG F to remove the solvent, and is incorporated into rubber. Alternatively, treatment may be effected by adding the silane simultaneously with, or dissolved in, the rubber.  In Ex. 8, glass roving was coated with butyl latex, which was removed by pyrolysis and a rubber cement containing the partially hydrolyzed silane and organic solvent was then applied. Alternatively (Ex. 9) the silane may be applied prior to the cement.ALSO:Glass cloth is treated with an organic solution of an alkoxysilane obtained by reaction of <FORM:1062595/B1-B2/1> (where R is alkylene, arylene, or aralkylene; Y is amino, mercapto, carboxyl, cyano, hydroxy, epoxy, quinonyl, sulphonic acid, or oxime; R1 and R2 are the same or different alkyl radicals; and Z is alkyl or alkoxy) with enough water to hydrolyse at least one, but not all, of the alkoxy groups. Suitable initial alkoxysilanes and organic solvents are listed. The organic solution may contain 0.1-10.0% of the silane and less than 0.5% moisture.  A polymeric binder e.g. polyvinyl acetate, unsaturated polyesters, polymers of butadiene or copolymers thereof with styrene, rubbery polymers such as ethylene-propylene rubber, and tricresyl phosphate may be mixed with the organic solution, or may be applied as a temporary size, removed by pyrolysis, to the glass before treatment.  After treatment, the glass is dried at 50-1000 DEG F. to remove the solvent and is used to bond rubber.