Patent GB-874308-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spinning machines
IPC: D02G3/28
Filed: 1958-02-04
Abstract: 874,308. Spinning, twisting and cabling yarns. BIANCO, L. E., and GRANGIE, P. R. Feb. 4, 1958 [Feb. 6, 1957; Aug. 19, 1957; Dec. 18, 1957], No. 3644/58. Class 120(2) In a textile spinning machine in which a balloon is formed between two points by a spindle rotating about a main axis, a device is provided for controlling a mechanism inside the balloon from outside the balloon; the mechanism includes a part rotatable about the main axis e.g. a haul-pulley or a flyer or a support for a yarn-package, and the device comprises an eccentric member journalled about a second axis in a part which may be rotatable about the main axis and coupled with the mechanism so that the angular position of the latter with respect to the main axis is positively determined by the position of the second axis with respect to the main axis, the eccentric member being coupled to the spindle so that the eccentric member turns about the second axis at the same rate as the spindle turns about the main axis, the arrangement being such that the length of the yarn extending between guiding devices at opposite sides of the eccentric members remains constant. In Fig. 1, yarns a, b from packages 9, 21 are plied together at 23, b being caused to balloon between points 48, 52 on a main axis X Y around the package for yarn a as a flyer 20 is rotated by a spindle 1 driven from a shaft 6. The mechanism which it is desired to control is package 9 and the associated part (which it is desired to drive variably from the shaft 6) is a haul-pulley 31 governing the rate at which yarn a is drawn from the package; the eccentric member is a cylinder 36 journalled about an axis x y in a barrel 39 and coupled to shaft 1 by links 43 and to a spindle 45 by which the pulley is carried by a pin and slot connexion 36a. The movement of member 36, which is accordingly transmitted to shaft 45 and pulley 31 is therefore compounded of two factors-its rotation about axis xy, by shaft 1 and the rotation of axis xy about axis X.Y. the latter being adjusted by varying the speed at which barrel 39 is rotated from shaft 6 by a transmission B. Yarn b is drawn by a drum 28 driven through a transmission A; it then passes through a passage 36b in the eccentric to a groove 1a in spindle 1 via flyer 20 to a second flyer 26 which it rotates to effect the plying, the resulting cable being drawn by a drum 33 driven through transmission C, transmissions A and C being adjustable to change the twist and cable-formation. The links 43 are of a length between their pivots equal to the eccentricity of axis xy while the left-hand end of passage 36b is on the axis xy and the right-hand end is at a distance above this axis equal to that of the groove 1a above the axis XY; thus the yarn length is constant and is not subjected to stress during the rotation of the eccentric. The apparatus can be modified to produce a double twist in yarn a by omitting package B and taking yarn a via apertures 23a, 23b along the path shown for yarn b and to be drawn off for winding by drum 28 rotating in the opposite sense. In Fig. 3, the pulley 31 is mounted by arms 11a on the side of the package remote from the spindle 1, and the eccentric member is a tube 36<SP>1</SP> journalled about the second axis in a barrel 39 1 rotatable about the main axis. The tube is coupled to the shaft 1 through the thread b passing from the flyer 20, to a disc 53 rigid with the tube before entering the latter. The inner yarn a proceeds from a pulley 18 to the pulley 31 and thence to a conduit 58 in the shaft in which the inner package is mounted ; it then forms a balloon between a flyer 56 and a disc 60 before entering the tube 36<SP>1</SP> after which it is plied with the yarn b. The flyer 56 is driven from the shaft 6 through an apparatus to the left of the package similar to that described with reference to Fig. 1. In another form, Fig. 6, a pulley 31 is rotated by the rotation of a barrel 239 about the main axis, the eccentric member taking the form of a cylinder 236 mounted in the barrel about a second axis, and receiving at its centre an eccentric extension of the shaft 45 on which the pulley is mounted. The outer yarn passes through one of two ducts 264, the other being provided to give balance in the flyer shaft 1, which ducts pass through enlarged apertures in the cylinder: to ensure that the cylinder rotates about its own axis at the speed at which the shaft 1 is rotated, the latter has fingers passing through further enlarged apertures in the cylinder. The arrangement of ducts, fingers and the extension of the pulley-shaft in the cylinder 236 is given in Fig. 8 (not shown) and the optimum relative radii of these members and the apertures in which they are disposed are described. Several devices of the sort described with reference to Figs. 1 and 6 may be employed where it is desired to rotate additional mechanisms inside the balloon, e.g. a flyer 210 to give additional twist to the inner yarn, which then takes the path shown with one balloon, or, as in Fig. 5 (not shown) two balloons, around the package. In the form shown in Fig. 6, the flyer is mounted on a coaxial spindle 266 with an extension 266b projecting through cylinder 236 into a second cylinder 336 mounted and operating in a manner similar to cylinder 236. The fingers may be provided with conduits to replace the yarn-ducts 264. In a double-twist-spindle, Fig. 9 (not shown) the apparatus of Fig. 6 is adapted to keep the package 9 stationary, by arranging that the barrel 339a (not shown) governing the cylinder which controls the spindle 266 on which the package is mounted (corresponding to the spindle on which the flyer 210 is mounted in Fig. 6), is not rotatable. The yarn takes the path shown, passing from the package over the cylinder 31 and then into a central passage in the spindle 266. It then passes to the guide 1a and the flyer 19. The apparatus of Fig. 1 may also be adapted to impart a double twist to the yarn a, which is led back from the tube 23 along the path followed by the yarn b in Fig. 6.