Patent GB-1184667-A (GB)
Title: Automatic Apparatus for Making Ring-Shaped Doughnuts.
Inventor: KANEKO RYUTARO
IPC: A21C11/16
Filed: 1967-09-08
Abstract: 1,184,667. Moulding doughnuts. R. KANEKO. 8 Sept., 1967 [9 Sept., 1966], No. 41225/67. Heading B5A. [Also in Division A2] Ring shaped cake or yeast doughnuts are automatically moulded containing an enclosed annular filling of cream, jam or pudding, by the expression of a dough tube through an annular outlet around an adjacent annular outlet from which the filling is then forced to be totally encased in dough, either by wrapping around with the exuded dough or by the exuding of further dough. Dough and filling are respectively supplied to an outer tube 13 directly from an air pressurized hopper 10 and to an inner tube 25 intermittently by a reciprocating plunger 50, provided with a one-way valve 51, from an air pressurized hopper 20. Dough and filling outlets are respectively defined between a flange 26 of tube 25 and the end of tube 13 and between the flange 26 and a disc 41; a resiliently flexible disc 45, comprising radially extending elements 46, is provided below disc 41 and a reciprocable cutting sleeve 30 slides on tube 13 and is of the same internal diameter as flange 26 and disc 41. A moulding bowl 60 is vertically reciprocable and comprises two semicircular sections angularly separable in a horizontal plane, which define a mould open at the lower end with the closed upper end thereof being of the diameter of the exterior of sleeve 30. The sleeve 30 is initially raised, from a position circumscribing disc 41, simultaneously with the raising of the bowl 61 with the sections thereof pivoted apart. Dough exudes downwardly as a tube from the uncovered dough outlet and the lower end thereof contacts the flexible disc 45. The sections of bowl 60 are closed and piston 50 operates to deliver filling through the filling outlet whereby the dough is forced outwardly into conformity with bowl 60. The sleeve 30 is lowered to its initial position to cut off the dough and filling. The closed bowl 60 is lowered whereby the dough in contact with disc 45 is retained thereon and rolled inwardly to totally enclose the filling, whereupon the bowl sections are opened to deposit the moulded doughnut. The piston 50 and sleeve 30 are reciprocated by cam actuated lever connections 54 and 35 respectively. Each section of the bowl 60 is connected to one of a pair of meshed pinions in a housing 64 which is similarly vertically reciprocated by lever 67, the opening and closing movement of the sections being obtained by a link connection 75 which is reciprocated by a cam operated lever 77 at one end and connected at the other to a lever arm of one of the intermeshing pinions. The actuating cams are carried on a shaft 80, the drive motor 90 whereof also drives a compressor to supply air to the hoppers 10 and 20. In an alternative embodiment (Figs. 6a-6h, not shown) the flexible disc is omitted and the moulding bowl, when closed, at the lower end thereof contacts the disc (41) and the sleeve (30) is slidable in contact with the inner diameter of the upper end thereof. As the sleeve (30) rises, the bowl (60) closes to define, with the disc (41), a cavity into which the exuded dough is forced by the filling. The sleeve (30) is lowered to cut off the dough and filling and the sleeve (30) and bowl (60) are simultaneously raised to uncover the dough outlet whereby further dough encases the filling as the bowl (60) only is then lowered to contact the disc (41). The sleeve (30) is then lowered to cut off the dough and filling outlets. In another embodiment (Fig. 7, not shown) the filling tube (25) is divided longitudinally by a partition whereby two sorts of fillings are simultaneously delivered from separate hoppers by separate piston arrangements (50). The fixed disc (41) of the 1st and 2nd embodiments may be replaced (Figs. 9 and 10, not shown) by a member which is upwardly biased by a spring whereby a circumferential cutting edge of the disc (41) contacts the flange (26) to cut off the filling outlet, except when forced therefrom upon delivery of filling by the plunger (50). In a further embodiment (Figs. 11a-11g, not shown), the moulding bowl (60) is omitted and the filling tube (25) is outwardly flared to contact the cutting edge of an upwardly sprung member replacing the disc (41) and from around the lower end whereof resiliently flexible elements outwardly project. Filling is discharged into an exuded dough tube, the lower end whereof contacts and is supported by the flexible elements. The sleeve (30) descends to cut off the dough and filling outlets and the cutting edge thereof, which is also outwardly flared, exposes one side of the filling which is then encased by a further dough discharge on raising of the sleeve (30). The moulded doughnut is discharged from the flexible elements upon further lowering of the sleeve 30. In a modification of the latter embodiment (Figs. 12a- 12e, not shown) the flexible elements and the outwardly flared cutting edge of the sleeve (30) are omitted whereby the descending sleeve serves to force the exuded dough around to encase the filling. For cake doughnuts the apparatus is preferably situated immediately above a frier, the moulding bowl 60 is preferably lined with P.T.F.E. and the flexible elements are preferably of silicone rubber. For yeast doughnuts, the apparatus preferably discharges on to a conveyer. The hoppers may be mechanically pressurized.