baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-429739-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of cellulose esters
IPC: C08B3/22
Filed: 1934-12-05
Abstract: Organic esters of cellulose are stabilized by treatment in an atmosphere of steam.  Preferably the treatment is carried out on the cellulose ester precipitated after esterification or after ripening. The ester may be washed prior to the steam treatment or may be treated with a substance of weakly alkaline reaction to remove excess of acid present.  The presence of a small amount of acid in the material, however, facilitates stabilization.  The steam may have a temperature of the order of 100 to 145 DEG  C., and may be employed at ordinary, reduced, or increased pressure.  The steaming may be carried out in a cylinder having a perforated bottom through which the steam enters, or the cellulose ester may be carried on a conveyer through a chamber in which steam is circulated.  The ester may be finally dried by steam alone, or by steam and hot air, or by hot air alone.  In an example, cellulose acetate after ripening, is precipitated from solution, washed by spraying with water, and treated in an atmosphere of steam at 112 DEG  C.  During the last quarter of an hour of the steam treatment, hot air at 112 DEG  C. may be mixed with the steam.  In other examples, cellulose acetate precipitated from a ripening solution is drained of excess liquid and treated with steam at 110 DEG  C.  Towards the end of the treatment, hot air is mixed with the steam.  The products have a high heat test and a high clarity, and are resistant to the action of hot water. They may be used in the manufacture of filaments, films, plastics, lacquers, and the like.
Patent GB-1467733-A (GB)
Title: Cover for a yarn balloon in a multiple twist yarn twisting device
IPC: D01H11/00
Filed: 1974-08-08
Abstract: 1467733 Cover for a multiple twist yarn twister MURATA KIKAI KK 8 Aug 1974 34951/74 Headings DID and D1F A cover for sucking away fly from a multiple twist yarn twisting device comprises a balloon-twisting cover having internally a tapered circular surface diverging upwards from an inwardly curved surface, a lid on the balloon cover, and an exhaust port at the upper end of the balloon cover. A cover 6 for a double-twisting device 5, Fig. 1, comprises a curved surface 7, a tapered, ballooncontacting surface 8, and an upwardly pivotable lid 18 resting on cover surface 17 facing the front of the device. Air flow generated by the rotation of device 5 is deflected by surfaces 7, 8 through port 9 into suction duct 10. Surface 7 extends below lower edge 34 of rotating disc 1 of device 5. The lid is spring biased to its open and closed positions. Surface 8 is concentric with disc 1. Cylinder 29, Fig. 3, having yarn guides 31, 32 may be raised and lowered in the lid to alter the balloon height.
Patent GB-635265-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to trigger or locking circuit arrangements
IPC: H03K3/04
Filed: 1946-11-25
Abstract: 635,265. Valve relay circuits; radio receiving systems. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. Nov. 25, 1946, No. 34958. Con. vention date, Nov. 23, 1945. [Classes 40 (v) and 40 (vi)] In a trigger relay circuit in which when one of a pair of valves is conducting the other is cut-off, a control valve associated with one of the valves determines its state of conductivity and means is provided associated with the other valve to compensate for lack of balance in the circuit caused by the connections to the control valve. Fig. 2a shows a trigger relay circuit comprising valves 20, 24 directly crosscoupled so that when either valve is conducting the other is cut-off. When a positive-going signal is applied to the cathode follower control valve 60 the increase in its cathode current causes the grid of valve 20 to become more positive, thus rendering valve 20 conducting and valve 24 cut-off. The balance of the circuit is maintained by adjusting the value of resistor 66<1> as compared with that of resistor 66 to take account of the flow through this latter resistor of the cathode current of valve 60. In a modification, Fig. 2b (not shown), the symmetry of the circuit is maintained by associating a control valve with each of the trigger valves and applying a varying D.C. voltage to them differentially. In a further modification, Fig. 4b (not shown), the cathode resistor of the control tube provides only part of the resistance in the grid circuit of the associated trigger valve. A second control valve having its grid at earth potential may be associated with the other valve of the trigger pair, Fig. 4a (not shown). Fig. 3 shows the use of a trigger circuit of this type for selecting the stronger signal in a diversity receiver system. The R.F. signals from receivers Nos. 1 and 2 are applied differentially to transformers T, T<1>, T1, T1<1> so that if for example the signal from receiver No. 1 is the stronger, the grid of valve 60 becomes more negative, thus cutting off valve 68 and rendering valve 24 conducting, the fall in anode potential of valve 24 causing valve 26<1> of the second trigger pair to be cutoff and valve 26 to be rendered conducting. The positive potential at the grid of valve 26 is applied to the grid of the gating valve 80 to render it conducting and pass signals from receiver No. 1 to the load circuit after amplification, limiting and detecting in units 120, 122 and 124. Specification 635,263 is referred to.
Patent GB-935136-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to packing cases
IPC: B65D81/02
Filed: 1961-09-28
Abstract: The foamed synthetic plastics material used in moulding a packing case for fragile articles may be polystyrene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, a polyacrylic ester, or a polymethacrylic ester.  When polystyrene is used the material is preexpanded before placing in the mould, the expanding agent being petroleum ether; other agents include heptane, pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, and cyclohexane.  When foamed polyurethane is used the pre-expansion step is eliminated and a liquid mixture of an organic polyisocyanate, a polyol such a polyester or polyether and a blowing agent such as water or a low boiling fluorinated hydrocarbon is poured into the mould.  The foamed material has a multiplicity of closed non-communicating cells and a density between 0,7 and 2,0 lbs./cu. ft.ALSO:A packing case for liquid filled containers is moulded from a foamed synthetic plastics material having a density between 0,7 and 2 lbs./cu. ft.  The moulding operation comprises charging the mould with expandable synthetic plastics material, and expanding the material to produce the desired section.  90 to 95% of the mould space may be filled with small particles of porous pre-expanded polystyrene, the particles containing petroleum ether. 4 to 12% by weight of the liquid expanding agent is used. On the introduction of steam into the mould particles foam up and fill the mould, the time for expansion being 1-5 minutes.  The mould may be sprayed with water to assist cooling.  The pre-expansion heating may be effected by steam, hot water, or infra-red radiation.  Other suitable materials are foamed polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylic esters and polymethacrylic esters.  If the material used is foamed polyurethane, pre-expansion is not necessary and a liquid mixture comprising an organic polyisocyanate, a polyol such as a polyester or polyether and a blowing agent such as water or a low boiling fluorinated hydrocarbon reacts in the enclosed mould space at room temperature.
Patent GB-1356723-A (GB)
Title: Antibiotic sf-1293 substance and its production and uses
IPC: A01N57/20
Filed: 1972-07-26
Abstract: 1356723 Antibiotic substance SF-1293 MEIJI SEIKA KAISHA Ltd 26 July 1972 [28 July 1971] 35002/72 Headings C2A and C2P The novel antibiotic SF-1293 having the formula is prepared by aerobically cultivating Streptomyces hygroscopicus ATCC 21705 or an SF-1293 substance-producing mutant or variant thereof in an aqueous nutrient medium until the desired antibiotic has accumulated therein and then isolating it from the culture. The antibiotic is an amorphous white amphoteric powder melting at 159-161‹ C., having an optical rotation [α]<SP>25</SP> D  = -34 degrees (C = 1, H 2 O), being soluble in water and methanol, sparingly soluble in ethanol, chloroform, benzene and ethyl ether, and having antifungal properties. Isolation is effected by adsorption of the antibiotic from the preferably filtered culture on a cation-exchange or anion-exchange resin and eluting therefrom with an alkali or acid respectively. It may be purified by chromatography with an aqueous salt solution on a silica, cellulose or alumina column, the eluate being evaporated to dryness, the residue extracted with methanol, and the resulting solution being evaporated or made aqueous and freeze dried to give the purified SF-1293 substance. The antibiotic may be formulated into topical pharmaceutical compositions with a suitable ointment or lotion base and used to treat fungal infections of the skin, and into horticultural antifungal compositions for preventing or curing fungal infections in plants.
Patent GB-753645-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric pulse modulating and demodulating circuits
Inventor: CATTERMOLE KENNETH WILLIAM
IPC: H04J3/04
Filed: 1954-12-03
Abstract: 753,645. Pulse modulation. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Dec. 3, 1954, No. 35047/54. Class 40 (5). A combined modulator and demodulator for amplitude modulated pulse signals consists broadly of a switch which alternately charges a storage device from the input circuit, and discharges it into the output circuit. It is stated that the storage device may be a capacitor or an inductor, or a delay network, and that the switch may be a relay controlled by an oscillator, or a biased rectifier bridge. In a practical embodiment, Fig. 5, intelligence signals are applied via a low-pass filter 18, without switching, to an open-circuited delay network, and via the rectifier bridge 20, biased by switching pulses from source 21, to the pulse output. The duration of the switching pulses is very short compared to the " off " period, and the delay network has a time constant equal to half the duration of the pulses. The low-pass filter 18 has a cut-off frequency of 0.4 times the sampling frequency. The arrangement is reversible by synchronizing the switching pulses with the incoming pulse train, so that the original intelligence signal may be recovered by integration. A two-way system, Fig. 11 (not shown), consists of two such circuits interconnected by a line of such length that the pulses coincide. A multiplex system, Figs. 13 and 14 (not shown), consists of a number of the above modulator/demodulator circuits (one per channel) plus a synchronizing pulse generator (at the transmitter) or synchronizing pulse separator (at the receiver) controlled in sequence by a series of counters as disclosed in Specification 748,809. In a further embodiment, Fig. 15 (not shown), terminal stations are arranged round a complete loop, each station including the above modulator/demodulator circuits for one or more channels. Specification 726,496 also is referred to.
Patent GB-836209-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in expansion joints for pipe lines
IPC: F16L51/02
Filed: 1956-11-19
Abstract: 836,209. Expansion joints. BADGER MANUFACTURING CO. Nov. 19, 1956 [Nov. 25, 1955; Dec. 6, 1955], No. 35264/56. Class 99(1). A pipe-line expansion joint comprises an axially expansible and contractible, generally cylindrical bellows 12 and reinforcing means therefor, the latter comprising at least one hollow, smooth-surfaced ring 16 of uniform, circular cross-sectional shape throughout its extent and mounted externally of the bellows and seated in a convolution thereof. As shown in Fig. 1, spacing sleeves 13 abut end covers 10, 11 are mounted at each end of the bellows 12 of thin, ductile metal and maintain those covers in spaced relation to flanges 15; members 14 of semi-circular cross-section abut the inner faces of the covers. A dust cover 18 permitting axial and lateral movements of the flanges and mounted over the covers 10, 11 is engaged by removable brackets 19 secured to the covers and maintaining the expansion joint immovable during storage and transport. The rings 16 are formed from at least one length of tubing and have the ends thereof secured in abutting relation by a plug 20, Fig. 5, provided with annular grooves 22 in which seat snap rings 24 engageable with shoulders 26 formed internally of the ends of the ring 16 ; alternatively, each ring consists of (a) a pair of endless ring members each of uniform semicircular cross-section and preferably concave on the inner faces thereof, assembled to form a hollow ring having the abutting faces thereof perpendicular to the axis of the bellows 12, or (b) a pair of arcuate tubular members 130, 132, Fig. 14, or a single tubular member bent to circular form, the ends of which are provided with slots 136 whereby core elements 134 are welded to the walls of the member or members. In modifications, the covers 10, 11 and members 14 are replaced by cast or machined one-piece flanges. Specification 836,210 is referred to.
Patent GB-978244-A (GB)
Title: Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride
Inventor: FOSTER REGINALD THOMAS
IPC: C08F8/20
Filed: 1962-09-17
Abstract: A process for separating chlorinated polyvinyl chloride from solutions thereof in tetrachlorethane comprises feeding said solution into an agitated mixture of 1 part of tetrachlorethane and 0.25 to 0.6 part of methanol by volume and at the same time adding methanol alone or in admixture with tetrachlorethane so as to maintain the volume ratio within the specified range. Preferred ranges of methanol per part of tetrachlorethane are 0.25 to 0.5 and 0.3 to 0.35.  The polymer may be recovered by filtration.  In a further step methanol may be added before filtration to bring the volume ratio to approximately 1 to 1, when the filtrate contains sufficient methanol to be recycled to the separation step. The process may be effected batchwise or continuously. Specification 401,200 is referred to.
Patent GB-283153-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in multiple contact fields for selectors in automatic telephone systems
IPC: H01H67/12
Filed: 1927-12-30
Abstract: 283,153. Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson. Jan. 5, 1927, [Convention date]. Automatic exchange selectors.-In selectors in which the incoming lines are formed by vertical wires 5 and the outgoing lines by horizontal wires 4, the corresponding three wires of each line are arranged in parallel vertical planes, and connections are made by means of contact members 13, Figs. 1, 3, carried by the vertical wires 5 and selectively operated by helically arranged pins 17 projecting from sleeves 15 on vertical shafts 16. Each shaft 16 has ten sleeves 15 each serving ten outgoing lines, and the vertical stepping of the shaft causes the sleeve serving the desired group to be clutched thereto by a pin 20 entering a notch 21 in a ring 22 on the upper end of the sleeve. The rotary stepping then brings the appropriate pin 17 into engagement with a projection 14 on the contact member 13 corresponding to the desired outgoing line 4 to make the required connection. The three wires of a set may be replaced by six wires belonging to two lines, which are discriminated between by a relay. In another form (Figs. 6, 7), in which the lines are arranged in pairs, the three wires of each outgoing line lie in the same vertical plane, and the levers 40, 43 of the contact members of a pair of lines are operated together through an extension 42 on the one nearer the shaft 16. Other arrangements are described in which the contact member pivots about an axis which is perpendicular to both sets of wires. The vertical wires 5 may be disposed between the horizontal wires 4.
Patent GB-334133-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to gas generators
IPC: C10J3/62
Filed: 1929-11-19
Abstract: 334,133. Humphreys &. Glasgow, Ltd., (Assignees of Rusby, J. M.). Jan. 21, 1929, [Convention date]. Producers.-In the upper part of the fuel bed of a gas producer, fixed on movable plates 11 are provided to form fissures through which the gases pass. The plates divide the fuel bed into interconnected subdivisions preferably open at their inner and outer ends, and are attracted by rods 12 to gearing 14 by which they may be reciprocated. In the water gas producer shown, blast gases are withdrawn through an outlet 8, and the water gas passes through the fuel in the carbonizing zone 7 to the outlet 9, an up-or-down run may be used. The plates may be tapered or may be corrugated or provided with grooves to facilitate the passage of the gases,
Patent GB-1180723-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Pipe Joints
IPC: F16L25/02
Filed: 1968-07-24
Abstract: 1,180,723. Pipe joints. EISENBAU ALBERT ZIEFLE K.G. 24 July, 1968 [2 Aug., 1967], No. 35418/68. Heading F2G. An electrically non-conductive joint comprises a pipe 1 having a socket 3 provided with an axially corrugated internal surface portion and a pipe 2 having an outwardly projecting flange 4 radially spaced from the socket and provided with a corresponding axially corrugated peripheral surface, the chamber 13 defined between the corrugated surfaces containing a hard filler, such as epoxy resin, preventing relative rotation of the pipes. Sealing ring 7 and insulating rings 6, 8 are located between the socket and flange and spring means, e.g. a cup spring 17, are positioned within the socket axially outward of the flange; locking means 16, e.g. a snap-ring seated in a groove 27, are disposed axially outwardly of the cup spring 17 and maintain the joint components under axial compression. The space around the top of the joint is filled with molten casting resin 14.
Patent GB-916762-A (GB)
Title: Fluid cooled electric machines
IPC: H02K9/19
Filed: 1958-11-04
Abstract: 916,762. Cooling dynamo-electric machines. LAURENCE, SCOTT & ELECTROMOTORS Ltd., and MOSSAY, P. R. Nov. 3, 1959 [Nov. 4, 1958], No. 35453/58. Class 35. [Also in Group XXVI] Rotor coolant enters and leaves the rotor through the hollow shaft of the machine under the influence of a pump 3 connected to the machine shaft. The pump draws fluid from a cooler at pipe 4 through entry tube 17 and radial passage 23 to passages 24 of the form described in Specification 883,827. The coolant returns through passage 25 to the bore 21 in the rotor shaft and thence to the pump impeller and thence, through outlet 27 and the stator cooling ducts, back to the cooler. Alternatively, the stator may be cooled before the rotor. The pump may have two outlets, only one of which is used.
Patent GB-844310-A (GB)
Title: Plasticised vinyl chloride resins
Inventor: AITKEN ROXBURGH RICHMOND
IPC: C08L67/00
Filed: 1957-11-15
Abstract: Vinyl chloride resins are plasticized by use of neopentyl glycol-glutaric polyester.  Up to 50% molar of the glutanric acid may be replaced by other dicarboxylic acids, preferably higher homologues of glutaric acid and up to 50% molar of the neopentyl glycol may be replaced by other dihydric glycols preferably p  containing 5 or more carbon atoms.  The plasticizer may be modified by inclusion of at least one (a) fatty oil acid, preferably lauric, palmitic or stearic acids or mixtures obtained by hydrolysis of animal and vegetable oils and fats (e.g. coconut oil), or (b) aliphatic monohydric C4-20, preferably C7-18 alcohol, such as n-butanol, 2-ethylhexanol, isooctanol, isodecanol, 3:5:5-trimethylhexanol, tridecyl alcohol or the mixture of alcohols of Specification 707,235.  In the examples, polyvinyl chloride is plasticized, but also mentioned are interpolymers of vinyl chloride with a minor amount of, e.g. vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, styrene and the esters, nitrile and anides of acrylic, methacrylic, fumaric and maleic acids.  Also specified are succinic and adipic acids (as the "other dicarboxylic acids"), calcium stearate and tetrabutyl titonate.  The polyester plasticizer may be prepared, for example, by reaction of neopentyl alcohol with either glutaric acid or methyl glutaric.
Patent GB-768945-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of terephthalic acid
Inventor: DARRALL ROBERT ALFRED
IPC: C07C51/275
Filed: 1953-12-23
Abstract: A process for the manufacture of terephthalic acid comprises oxidizing p-methyl styrene with nitric acid having an initial strength between 3 and 60 per cent by weight and being present initially in an amount containing between 1.4 and 20 parts by weight of 100 per cent HNO3 per 1 part by weight of para-methyl styrene at a pressure above atmospheric and at a temperature of from 110 DEG  to 250 DEG  C.  Examples are furnished in which terephthalic acid, together with some para-toluic acid is produced by nitric acid oxidation of para-methyl styrene.  Para-methyl styrene is produced by reacting together toluene and paraldehyde in the presence of hydrogen fluoride to obtain 1 : 1-di-para-tolylethane which is converted, by the process of Specification 592,867, [Group IV], by passing a mixture thereof with steam over a hydrated aluminium silicate catalyst. Specifications 655,074, 662,139, 662,229 and 698,734 also are referred to.
Patent GB-1356200-A (GB)
Title: Ignition distributors for internal combustion engines
IPC: H02K21/38
Filed: 1971-07-30
Abstract: 1356200 Pulse generators in I.C. engine ignition systems ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 30 July 1971 [31 July 1970] 35858/71 Heading H2A [Also in Division F1] A generator for providing control pulses to electronic switching elements in an I.C. engine ignition system is contained within the distributer housing 11 and comprises a rotor 25 fixed to a rotary sleeve 18 which drives the distributer 19 and a stator 24 carried by a bearing 32 mounted on the sleeve 18. The stator is coupled via a pin 35 and a slidable rod 36 to a diaphragm in a vacuum box connected to the intake manifold of the engine, so that the angular position of the stator relative to the easing 11, and hence the ignition timing, varies with the load on the engine. The rotary sleeve 18 is coupled to its driving shaft 12 via fly-weights 16 so that the angular displacement between the sleeve and the shaft, and hence again the ignition timing, varies with the engine speed. The generator stator 24 comprises an annular permanent magnet 27 having a first pole-piece 28 incorporating a collar 28a which carries the output coil 29, and a second polepiece 26 formed with six angularly-spaced teeth 40. The rotor 25 comprises a shank 43 closely spaced from the stator collar 28a and a disc portion 42 having six radial arms 41 to co-operate with the stator teeth 40. The stator polepiece 28 and the rotor may be of sintered iron.
Patent GB-1348008-A (GB)
Title: Mixtures containing 1-amino-3-iminoisoindolenines and their pro duction and use for dyeing and printing cellulosic material
IPC: D06P1/14
Filed: 1971-07-30
Abstract: 1348008 Dye compositions BADISCHE ANILIN-& SODA-FABRIK AG 30 July 1971 [1 Aug 1970] 35901/71 Heading D1B Mixtures of dyes devoid of water and solvent contain a) 10-90% by weight of a 1- amino-3-iminoisoindolenine, b) 10-90% by weight of a surface-active agent, and c) 10- 25% by weight with reference to the sum of a) and b) of an organic complex of copper or nickel or a mixture of a copper or nickel salt with a complex forming substance and are prepared by guiding the dry components. The preferred dyes are of formula I  in which R is hydrogen, halogen, phenyl or an alkoxy or alkyl group of I to 4 carbon atoms. Cellulosic materials are dyed or printed with these compositions in water. Polyester/ cellulose blends may be dyed using a disperse dye for the polyester fibres.