baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-513243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of esters of methacrylic acid
IPC: C07C69/54
Filed: 1938-04-04
Abstract: 513,243. Esters of unsaturated acids. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., E. I. April 4, 1938, No. 10330. Convention date, April 3, 937. [Class 2 (iii)] Methacrylic esters are manufactured by heating with zinc or a zinc halide an alkylester of an alpha-halogenisobutyric acid, of-the general formula where alpha may be chlorine, bromine or iodine and R may be a methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or higher alkyl, e.g., hexyl or octyl, radicle. The reaction may be carried out in the presence or absence of diluents and with or without stirring; e.g. by dropping the halogenated ester into a stirred hot suspension of zinc in an inert diluent such as xylene and allowing the methacrylate to distil off ; or by passing the vapour of the halogenated ester through a heated tube lined or packed with zinc ; or by heating, for example, the methyl ester of alpha-chloroisobutyric acid with zinc under a column with a reflux so adjusted that methyl methacrylate is removed while the unreacted chloro ester is returned to the reaction vessel. Examples describe the production of methyl, ethyl and butyl methacrylates by heating the corresponding alpha-chloroisobutyrates with zinc, in the latter two cases in the presence of hydroquinone as a polymerization inhibitor. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises generally the dehydrohalogenation, by the process described above, of alpha-alkyl - and alpha-aryl-alpha-halogenpropionic esters, of the general formula where x and R are as above and R<1> is alkyl or aryl, e.g. ethyl, propyl, butyl, phenyl or toxyl. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1350436-A (GB)
Title: Lifting of railway tracks
IPC: E01B27/10
Filed: 1971-04-21
Abstract: 1350436 Railway track maintenance machines F PLASSER 21 April 1971 [28 April 1970] 10345/71 Heading E1G In a method and apparatus for progressively lifting a railway track during the advance of a ballast cleaning or other maintenance machine, the machine is provided with front and rear lifting tools which operate alternately to accommodate obstruction such as fishplates, the rear tool being controlled (either by undisclosed advance sensor means or by a slide linked to the front tool) so that it normally floats on the sagging rail but is raised to take over the track lifting when the front tool approaches or engages an obstruction such as a fishplate, the rear tool then being raised to such a height that the rail adjacent the front tool stays at the same height. As shown a bogie-supported frame 1 of a ballast excavating and cleaning machine, Fig. 1 (not shown), carries a central hydraulically lifted head 29 supporting a pair of outrigged beams 26 which overlie the track rails and carry front and rear lifting tools. Each rail-lifting tool comprises a bottom-flanged roller 15 on an arm 20 rigid with a lifting cylinder 22 and a top-flanged frusto conical roller 16 on an arm 21 pivoted to the cylinder 22, the two arms 20, 21 being interconnected by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 35. Adjustable stops 43 limit the movement of arms 21. Each lifting cylinder 22 has its piston rod 24 fixed in the beam end so that it can pivot thereon and can also be raised between stops 42. Opposed arms 21 are adjustably interconnected by a cable 38, while opposed arms 20 are interconnected by hydraulic cylinders 36. As shown the outrigged beams 26 carry flanged rail-alignment rollers 34 and are supported by guide rods 28 and by opposed piston rods 27 of horizontal aligning cylinders 31. The gauge spacing of beams 26 may be adjustable. During advance the rails are lifted by the front rollers 15 with the rear counter-rollers 16 riding on the rail head until a fishplate 41 or other obstruction is reached. Thereupon the front arm 20 is forced inwards and moves a slide 40 which (through means not disclosed) (a) opens the front roller arms 20 and (b) actuates the rear lifting cylinder 22 to abut its stop 42 and hold the rail raised until the front lifting tool has passed the obstruction, whereafter the rear tool is again lowered. The hydraulic control and lifting mechanism may be replaced by electrical equivalents.
Patent GB-1428774-A (GB)
Title: Limited slip differential
IPC: F16H48/20
Filed: 1973-03-02
Abstract: 1428774 Differential gear EATON CORP 2 March 1973 [16 March 1972] 10407/73 Heading F2D Friction clutching means between one of the side wheels and the rotatable pinion housing in a limited-slip differential gear is activated in response to a predetermined speed or relative rotation between that side wheel and the pinion housing and comprises a first set of friction discs connected to the housing for rotation therewith and a second set of friction discs interposed with the first set and of which at least one disc is drivingly connected with the side wheel and at least one other disc is drivingly connected with a cam member associated with the side wheel. As shown, the annular cam member 32 is pressed by a wave spring 44 into engagement with a cam formation at the rear face of the side wheel 16 and also has protrusions (not shown) engaging recesses in the side wheel so that it is normally driven thereby. The spindle of a centrifugal device 50, as described in Specification 1,315,416, is journalled in the pinion housing 14 and rotated by toothed engagement with the periphery of the cam member so that when a predetermined speed of the side wheel relatively to the pinion housing is exceeded in either sense the device 50 brakes the cam member causing the protrusions on it to move out of the recesses in the side wheel and the interengaging cam surfaces to become effective to press together the friction discs 33, 33a connected to the pinion housing and the interposed disc or discs 34 connected to the cam member and 39 connected to the side wheel.
Patent GB-1207983-A (GB)
Title: Remote indicator of the specific gravity of a liquid
Inventor: HICKS HARRIS VERNON
IPC: G01N21/43
Filed: 1967-03-06
Abstract: 1,207,983. 983. Refractometers; light cables. JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd. Feb. 9, 1968, No. 10420/67. Heading G2J. [Also in Division G1] The refractive index, and hence the specific gravity, of a liquid sample, e. g. the electrolyte of an electric storage battery, is indicated by passing a light beam through a wedge shaped compartment filled with the liquid sample, the deviation of the light beam being detected by a plurality of optical cables arranged so that as the angle of refraction changes the ends of the cables are illuminated in turn. The beam is produced from a source 14 and a slit 16a is focused by a lens 17 on to the ends 23 of the optical cables. A filter 24 is provided to overcome dispersion effects. The output ends of the optical cables form an indicator 25 of the state of charge of the battery.
Patent GB-1530865-A (GB)
Title: Pneumatically-operated displacement hammer for boring holes in the ground
IPC: E21B17/07
Filed: 1977-03-11
Abstract: 1530865 Boring earth &c P SCHMIDT 11 March 1977 [19 March 1976] 10440/77 Heading E1F A damping device 1 which is mounted between a pneumatic self-propelled displacement hammer 13 for boring holes in the ground and a casing string 15 to clamp the transmission of shock waves to the casing string 15 includes a first mandrel 3 connected to the rear end of the hammer, a sleeve 5 fixed to the mandrel 3, a second mandrel 2 connected to the casing string 15 via connector 16 and elastic elements 7 e.g. rubber rings disposed between the mandrel 2 and sleeve 5. The rubber rings 7 act between a flange 8 on the mandrel 2, the end of the mandrel 3 and an inturned flange 11 on the sleeve 5.
Patent GB-592960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the welding together of sheets of thermoplastic materials
IPC: B29C65/04
Filed: 1945-04-25
Abstract: 592,960. Compound sheet materials ; seaming non-metallic sheet materials. HAIM, G., and ZADE, H. P. April 25, 1945, No. 10441. [Classes 42 (i) and 140] The uniting of sheets of thermoplastic material having a low loss angle and dielectric factor by high-frequency electric field welding is facilitated by interposing between the assembled sheets and one or both electrodes a sheet or film of thermoplastic material of high loss angle and high dielectric factor, which does not weld to the other material. Welding of the low loss angle materials takes place under the heat generated in the high loss angle material. The low loss angle material may be polythene, polyisobutylene or an interpolymer of ethylene and isobutylene ; the high loss angle material may be polyvinyl chloride. Two or more superposed sheets may be partly or completely welded together, or joints such as lap, scarf or butt joints may be made.
Patent GB-1023859-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the ammonia-hydrogen isotopic exchange process
IPC: C01B4/00
Filed: 1964-03-12
Abstract: In an ammonia-hydrogen isotopic exchange process, the liquid ammonia contains an alkali metal amide as catalyst and a soluble nitrite, e.g. an alkali metal nitrite, to increase the solubility of said amide in the ammonia.  The catalyst may be potassium amide and the nitrite may be potassium nitrite.  The temperature of the exchange reaction may be - 70 DEG  C.
Patent GB-407537-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of sliding clasp fastenings
IPC: A44B19/48
Filed: 1933-04-07
Abstract: 407,537. Sliding - clasp fastenings. HENKELS, H., Freyastrasse, Elberfeld, Wuppertal, Germany. April 7, 1933, No. 10495. Convention date, Feb. 4. [Class 44.] An apparatus for the spacing assembly of the elements of a sliding-clasp fastening, shown in end view in Fig. 2, comprises a vertical frame 2 in which are mounted a plurality of horizontal collector rods 1 on to which the elements are fed by a series of plates 19 oppositely inclined at the two sides of the rods so as to form feed funnels, the rods having a longitudinal groove to accept the legs of the elements but being provided, Fig. 4, with upstanding prongs 1<b> recessed in their flanks 1<c> whereby the elements are retained by their interlocking projections. The rods are pivotally mounted whereby on withdrawing the frame 2 and tilting it to a horizontal position the rods turn to hang the elements vertically so that each set of elements can straddle a stringer 25 held between clamps 24, Fig. 5. The collector rods are vertically divided lengthwise with the halves held together by spring bolts 1<e> and accordingly the elements can be released therefrom by a comb-like die 27 pressing on the elements 26 and so spreading the two halves of the rod ; comb teeth 28 in the clamping members 24 maintain the spacing of the elements 26 on the stringer during the pressurefixing operation. The inclined plates 19 are grooved to direct the elements. For different length fastenings the hopper opening is correspondingly adjusted and vertical plates 22 are correspondingly positioned on the inclined plates 19 to prevent a spreading feed of the elements. Surplus elements pass to the shoots 20 and are returned to the feed hopper 12, for example by an internally bladed drum which encircles the device. The sliding frame 2 which is guided by rollers 8 and runs on a rail 5 may be a dual one in which one portion lies within the charging device when the other portion is outside.
Patent GB-1111941-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in friction brakes
IPC: F16D65/18
Filed: 1965-04-23
Abstract: 1,111,941. Fluid pressure brakes. H. TEVES, E. A. TEVES. and M. TAUSEND, [trading as ALFRED TEVES MASCHINEN-UND ARMATURENFABRIK KOMM.-GES.] 23 April.  1965 [23 April, 1964], No. 10580/65. Heading F2E. A shoe-drum or disc brake has actuators supplied with fluid-pressure from separate ,circuits and capable of movement relative to the drum or disc so that failure of one pressure source does not prevent operation of the brake. As shown, a disc brake has actuators 5, 6 having a piston 7 acting on brake pads 8 each comprising an automatic slack adjuster 18 in the form of a slotted head 20 which can move in one direction only along a buttressed thread on a screw 19 when the brake clearance exceeds a predetermined amount " X " by which the screw is free to move. Fluid pressure from separate sources, such as a dual master cylinder, is connected to the actuators to move the brake pads 8 into engagement with a brake disc 1. In the event of one actuator failing to operate the caliper 2 is free to move on a pin 10 enabling the operative actuator to bring both pads 8 into engagement with the disc 1. In another embodiment, Fig. 4, a two leading shoe-drum brake has actuators 28, 29 which pivot about pins 35 attached to the brake-plate 25 and which have extensions 37, 38 coupled to an otherwise free ring 32. In the event of one actuator failing to operate the remaining actuator pivots about its pin 35 to move the ring 32 and hence the non-operative actuator so that both brake shoes 26, 27 are moved into engagement with the drum 24. In another embodiment, Fig. 5, a shoe drum-brake having shoes which pivot about an abutment 39 are moved by oppositely-movable pistons housed in a single wheel brake cylinder free to slide on the back-plate to enable one piston to move both shoes. In this case the automatic slack adjuster comprises conical expanding rings 44 which run up conical surfaces 45 on the pistons to lock the pistons when these have returned a predetermined distance. In another embodiment, Figs. 6, 7 (not shown), a duo-servo brake having a manual adjuster is actuated by oppositely-movable pistons housed in a single wheel brake cylinder free to slide on the backplate.
Patent GB-538328-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of and means for sealing cartons
IPC: B65B51/32
Filed: 1940-06-20
Abstract: 538,328. Packeting. BEASLEY, H. H., and BEASLEY, FRENCH & CO., Ltd. June 20,1940, No. 10648. [Class 94 (i)] Relates to a method of and means for sealing cartons of the kind which are coated or impregnated with wax or other substance that becomes adhesive when heated, and particularly such a carton in which the upper part is closed by pinching two opposite sides together, the other two sides being formed with inverted Y-shaped folds. According to the invention, cartons are assembled in line and a number of them is fed simultaneously, in a direction transverse to the line of assembly, through means adapted to soften the wax at the mouth ends and to pinch these ends together and cool them. The cartons 1, Figs: 1 and 2, may be assembled in line either by hand or by a conveyer 3 on to which the cartons are thrust by a pusher 5 from a conveyer 2 on which they are filled. After a pre-determined number of movements of the conveyer 3, a pusher 14 thrusts a number of cartons off the conveyer on to supports between guide rails 6. The cartons are fed along the supports by abutments 15 which engage the trailing sides of the cartons. The abutments move the cartons step-by-step through folding devices 7 which bring together opposite sides of each carton, then between parallel heater bars 10 in a hood 8, and then between pinching- bars arranged in the base of a cooled chamber 12, the sealed cartons being discharged in a row 13. Each line of cartons is subjected to each treatment stage for a period corresponding to the time taken to assemble a line of cartons on the conveyer 3. Each folder 7 comprises converging plates 7a, 7b, Fig. 7, which bring the opposite sides of a carton mouth together, and an overlapping tongue 7c that folds over the closure flaps of the carton. Each pinching device comprises a pair of parallel bars 11, Figs 1 and 2, one bar being forced against the other by a cam 31. Instead of using the conveyer 3, the cartons may be assembled at the entrances of the guides 6 by hand, and with either arrangement, the devices for filling the cartons may be arranged above the guides.
Patent GB-106854-A (GB)
IPC: B62J1/02
Abstract: 106,854. Fido E. G. June 3, 1916, Spring devices.-In a spring saddle support for motor-cycles &c., the pillar B is capable of sliding vertically in a socket A, but is prevented from turning therein, and a compound helical spring E attached to the back forks on each side is connected by a rod H to the point J where the compound saddle spring E<1> is connected to the base member, the thrust-rods of these springs E' being attached to the top substantially vertically above the points J. The springs E are secured to an angle bracket F clipped to the back forks.
Patent GB-513492-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric switches with produced extinguishing gas
IPC: H01H33/76
Filed: 1938-04-07
Abstract: 513,492. Paper tubes. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. April 7, 1938, No, 10696. Convention. date. April 7, 1937. [Class 99 (ii)] [Also in Groups XXXVII, IV and VIII] An arc-extinguising tube is made by winding lengths of paper or fabric impregnated with urea-formaldehyde resin, cellulose fibres, such as sulphite cellulose, asbestos, or other fibres being added for mechanical strength. The paper may be of fibres of a nitro-cellulose composition having 8 per cent. of nitrogen. Tubes may be made by extruding a mixture of polymerized vinyl carbazole, ground while retaining the fibrous structure, barium peroxide, and 10-30 per cent. nitro-cellulose with a nitrogen content corresponding to that of collodion, an addition of urea-formaldehyde resin being made to serve as a binder.
Patent GB-233133-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in boxes, crates, and the like
IPC: B65D85/34
Filed: 1924-05-01
Abstract: 233,133. Hitchins, W. G. May 1, 1924. Corner joints; materials, special, for boxes.-A box, crate, &c. comprises a bottom consisting of two longitudinal border battens a and two transverse border battens b with a covering of interlaced wood veneer strips d, sides each consisting of a. longitudinal border batten e and two transverse border battens f with a similar covering g and ends each consisting of a single longitudinal border batten h connected to a similar casing i, all the coverings being on the inner surfaces of the box etc.; there is thus no unnecessary duplication of the members of the framework of the box. An intermediate transverse batten j may be applied to the bottom and the top border may be stayed by wood veneer corner-pieces k. The lid consists: of two longitudinal border battens connected by wood veneer strips and an intermediate longitudinal strip the ends of which project to engage wire, loops o secured to the battens h.
Patent GB-1511074-A (GB)
Title: Hydroxyalkylaminoalkane diphosphonic acids and their salts with bases
IPC: C07F9/38
Filed: 1976-03-17
Abstract: 1511074 Softening water BENCKISER KNAPSACK GmbH 17 March 1976 10771/76 Heading C1C [Also in Division C2] Diphosphonic acids having the general formula: where R represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group with 1-3 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a carboxymethyl group or a hydroxyethyl group; and R' represents a hydroxyalkyl group of the formula where R<SP>3</SP> represents a hydrogen atom. an alkyl group, a carboxyl group or esterified carboxyl group, a carbamoyl group or a 1-hydroxyalkyl group and n is 0 or 1; and R<SP>2</SP> represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, or is the same as R'; and salts thereof with bases, are used (a) as agents for softening water, (b) for complexing multivalent ions in aqueous solutions, and (c) for stabilising the hardness of water by adding them in less than the stoichiometric quantity. They are also useful as constituents of liquid fertilisers which may also contain conventional ingredients.
Patent GB-983630-A (GB)
Title: Projection lamp
IPC: H01K9/00
Filed: 1963-03-19
Abstract: 983,630. Incandescent electric lamps. SYLVANIA ELECTRIC PRODUCTS Inc. March 19, 1963 [March 9, 1962], No. 10849/63. Heading H1F. A lamp, especially for use in projection, has a filament coil acting as a light source and a second filament coil of more open pitch and of smaller diameter wire in series therewith to act as a ballast. The first coil is approximately at the focus of a reflector which may be within the lamp and the second coil is outside the focus. In one form, the first filament 1, Fig. 1, is mounted at the focus of a reflector 2 on support wires 4, 5 carried by a ceramic block 10, the wire 4 being connected by a wire 12 to a contact prong 13 on the lamp base. The second coil 3 is connected between the wire 5 and a support wire 6 connected through a fuse wire 7 to a wire leading to a contact prong 9. Two further prongs 14, 15 support the reflector 2. The fuse wire 7 may be embedded in a glass bead connecting the wires 6, 8, or the wires 6, 8 may be joined by the bead, the fuse wire passing outside the bead from the wire 6 to the prong 9. In another arrangement, the second filament is in two parts, each connected at one end to a lead-in wire and at the other to one of the support wires for the first filament. In the form shown in Fig. 9, the entire mount is supported by a glass bead 30 through which wires pass from the contact prongs 9, 13. The first filament is connected between one of these wires 5 and a wire 4 attached to a tab 40 extending outwards from the reflector 2. A second wire from the tab 40 carries one end of the ballast filament, the other end of which is connected to the second contact prong 13. The reflector is supported by an additional support wire 31 attached to the bead. Specification 906,752 is referred to.
Patent GB-724339-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to absorption refrigerating apparatus
IPC: F25B15/10
Filed: 1953-04-21
Abstract: 724,339. Refrigerating. ELECTROLUX, Ltd. April 21, 1953 [May 16, 1952], No. 10897/53. Class 29.. In the continuous cycle inert gas absorption refrigerating system described in Specification 706,533 in which liquid refrigerant is accumulated in a vessel 26 during certain operating conditions and is returned to the absorber vessel 27 when the heat supply to the generator is reduced or stopped by being displaced through opening 28 by absorption solution collecting in the absorber vessel 27, an adequate supply of displacing solution is assured by storing solution out of circulation when the pump is operating normally and returning said stored solution to the system when the operation of the pump is reduced or interrupted. As shown, the absorber 17 discharges into a storage vessel 30 from which it overflows through pipe 31 into the absorber vessel 27, solution being stored in the vessel 30. When the pump action is interrupted or reduced, the stored liquid is fed to the absorber vessel by a wick 32, the wick has a smaller transfer capacity than that of the pump when working at full load. Vessel 30 may be located at the upper end of the absorber 17 or may be embodied in the absorber vessel 27. During off periods of the generator, liquid refrigerant is retained in low-temperature evaporator 15b by a dam 34. The cross-sectional area of evaporator 15b is greater than that of high temperature evaporator 15a.
Patent GB-545518-A (GB)
Title: An improved manufacture of pyrophoric lighters for cigarettes or the like
IPC: F23Q2/46
Filed: 1941-08-27
Abstract: 545,518. Cigarette &c. lighters. BEECH, E. E., WALL, Ltd., H., and PEARLMAN & CO., Ltd., B. Aug. 27, 1941, No. 10923. [Classes 75 (iii)] The pivot pin of the combined striking wheel and thumb wheel is collapsable axially to facilitate assembly. As shown the thumb wheel 3 has an extension 4 on which the striking wheel 2 is mounted. The pivot is made in two parts 5, 6 between which is a spring 7. The part  5 is formed with a collar 9 to limit its outward motion; the part 6 is fixed. Both parts may be movable or the part 6 only.