Patent GB-190303778-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Printing Vegetable Fabrics.
Inventor: SCHMID HENRI
Filed: 1903-02-17
Granted: 1904-01-07
Abstract: 3778. Schmid, H. Feb. 17. Dyeing.-Relates to a process for producing different tinctorial effects upon the dull places of patterns on vegetable fabrics, and consists in printing one set of uni or multi coloured patterns in a dye-stuff which adheres only on treatment with a tixing-agent, and then printing another set of patterns with a dye retaining or developing substance, whereby the colour is fixed to the fibre only on those places where the two materials meet. When a ground pattern producing a dull effect is required, the ground is first printed with a suitably - thickened dye - stuff, the decorative pattern is printed thereupon by means of a thickened mordant, and the goods are next steamed and washed. The order of the printing operations may be reversed. With alizarin, an aluminium salt produces a rose-colour effect, an iron salt gives a violet colour, and a dark rose is obtained by the use of alizarin, made slightly alkaline with borax or ammonia, with the addition of Turkey-red oil. For yellow or green, extract of buckthorn bark or alizarin-viridine is employed with chromium mordant. In indigo printing, the ground is printed with " Kalle's ketone," and indigo blue developed in places by printing the pattern with thickened caustic soda. For producing compound patterns and multicoloured ground effects each base roller prints the corresponding base colour. In the case of solid colours, for wood shade (brownish yellow), there is employed a mixture of alizarin-orange and Persian berries extract, for lilac, alizarin, and for green, alizarin-viridine ; on these the ground pattern is printed with a mixture of a suitable dye, chromium mordant, and acetate of lime. In printing with tannin colours, the ground is made with thickened basic dyes, as methylene-blue, rhodamine, methylene heliotrope, auramine, &c., or a mixture of such, the pattern being produced by the application of thickened tannin. This operation may also be reversed. The goods are next steamed, passed through tartar emetic, washed with hot water containing some tannin-antimony lake for clearing the white, and finally soaped in the presence of antimony lake ; alternatively, tartar emetic, or other fixing agent may be added to the dye-stuff. For producing the white of the ground pattern by etching or discharging, the fabric is first heated with tannin, and upon this dried ground is printed the basic caustic-alkaline etching, and, for producing black, aniline-black also. After steaming, the goods are fixed in a bath of an antimony salt, washed and dried. The ground is then printed upon, the " fondus blending effects being produced with basic aniline dyes printed in stripes which gradually increase in depth of colour from the white of the ground. In the case of rich patterns with bright (so-called "illumina- " tion ") colours on a coloured ground, the goods are prepared as described for compound patterns. The ground of the new pattern required is printed with aluminate &c. (if dyes requiring such mordants were previously employed), and the new bright pattern colours are printed with tannin dyes, with the addition of citric or tartaric acid to prevent fixation of the colour of the old ground or base ; if tannin dyes are employed for the first pattern, ordinary mordant dyes are used to produce the bright or " illumination " colours ; thus, for red, alizarin red with hydrated protoxide of tin is used ; for rose colours, Geranine dyes. The inverse order may be followed. To produce a decorative ground in several shades, the base is printed with dye and the ground with a mixture of mordant and a suitable dye-stuff. Thus, to produce a ground in several shades of blue ("camaieu"), the base is made with methyleneblue and the decorative ground with tannin mixed with some methylene blue, Other means of forming dye-lakes or insoluble compounds on the fibre may be employed in producing like decorative effects on the fabric, and the same method is applicable to resist and discharge printing. Thus, in producing black upon the dull parts of a pattern, the whole ground is printed with thickened chlorate of potash, and a thickened mixture of aniline salt and prussiate is printed upon the ground of the pattern which it is desired to reproduce.