baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-370966-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the desiccation of sugar-beet cossettes and like substances or products
IPC: F26B23/02
Filed: 1930-12-05
Abstract: 370,966. Drying sugar-beet &c. SUGAR BEET & CROP DRIERS, Ltd., DAVIES, R. 0., and MACDOWALL, R. K., 231, Strand, London. Dec. 5, 1930, No. 36721. [Class 34 (ii).] To produce drying media comprising mixed air and combustion products for use in the desiccation of sugar-beet cossettes and like substances, ordinary fuel is partially oxidized in a gas producer furnace e and the producer gas cooled at f and passed through a tower f<2> where it is freed from sulphur compounds after which it is completely oxidized in a plurality of secondary combustion chambers h<1>, h<2>, h<3> connected respectively with successive compartments of the dryer, the products of combustion being used for heating and re-heating the drying agent. The purified gas passes through pipes g .. g-<SP>3> to the secondary combustion chambers which are connected by pipes kl, k<2>, k<3> to fans c<1>, c<2>, c3 secondary air being admitted at m<1>, m<2>, m<3> and the fans supplying the mixed gases to the drying chambers a<1>, a<2>, a3 through conduits d<l>, d<2>, d<3>. From the drying chamber a<1> in which the material, passed in succession through the chambers on a belt b, is nearly dry, the gases pass through a pipe l<2> to the secondary combustion chamber h<2> where they are reheated by admixture with further combustion products and supplied by the fan c<2> to the chamber a<2>. Similarly the gases from the drying chamber a2 pass by a pipe l<3> into the combustion chamber h<3> and from the drying chamber a<3> they pass to the atmosphere through a discharge duct n<3>. Ammonia in gaseous form may be added to the gases as they pass through the pipes kl, k<2>, k<3>. Additional air is admitted at p<1>, p<2>, p<3>.
Patent GB-836441-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the preparation of nitriles
Filed: 1956-11-30
Abstract: Nitriles of the formula RCN, where R is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8-22 carbon atoms, are prepared by continuously contacting the corresponding carboxylic acid in the liquid phase in a first reaction zone with ammonia for a period and under conditions sufficient to convert substantially all the acid to the corresponding amide; continuously passing amide in the liquid phase into a second reaction zone where it is contacted with ammonia under conditions and for a period sufficient to convert at least 70% of the amide into the corresponding nitrile; continuously venting from both reaction zones only ammonia and water of reaction; continuously passing anhydrous liquid nitrile, amide and unconverted acid into a vaporization zone, and then in the vapour phase in admixture with ammonia to one end of a third reaction zone containing a dehydration catalyst for a period and under conditions sufficient to convert all of the acid and amide to nitrile; continuously passing the vapours from the third zone to a condensing zone and recovering liquid nitrile product therefrom.  Suitable conditions for the various steps are:-  First reaction zone.-1-5 mols. of ammonia per mol. of acid; 160-180 DEG  C.; 70-100 p.s.i.g.; reaction period 45-120 minutes; a catalyst such as iron or zinc soap can be employed in amounts of 0.1-0.5% by weight.  Second reaction zone.-1-4 mols. of ammonia per mol. of amide; 290-320 DEG  C.; 70-100 p.s.i.g., but lower pressure than in the first reaction zone; reaction period 45-90 minutes. On leaving this zone the mixture may be mixed with 5-25 mols. of ammonia per mol. of unreacted material at 330-350 DEG  C. and 2-15 p.s.i.g.  Third reaction zone.-Reaction period 2-20 seconds.  Activated alumina is a suitable dehydration catalyst.  Preferred starting materials are mixed fatty acids obtained by the hydrolysis of fats or oils such as tallow, soybean oil, coconut oil, and cottonseed oil.  Commercially pure acids such as capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic can be used.  Other specified starting materials are tall oil and wood rosin acids.  Vented ammonia may be recycled.  In a modification, the first and second reaction zones may be maintained in one elongated vessel. Specifications 477,463 and 654,462 are referred to.
Patent GB-1162822-A (GB)
Title: Improved Abrasion Resistant Article and Method of Manufacture Thereof
IPC: C03C17/245
Filed: 1966-08-17
Abstract: 1,162,822. Coating by vapour deposition. AIR REDUCTION CO. Inc. Aug. 17, 1966 [Sept. 2, 1965], No.36806/66. Heading C7F. [Also in Division G2] Glass articles such as mirrors, optical glasses, windscreens and architectural glass are vacuum coated with a layer of a refractory oxide at least 0À1 mil thick. The oxide may be one or more of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , CeO 2 , Zr 2 O 2 , Gd 2  O 3  and TiO 2 and the thickness is preferably 0À1 - 10 mils. The glass substrate may first be coated with a metal such as Ag, Al, Au, Cu and a further layer such as MgF 2  and Na 3  AlF 6  prior to coating with the refractory oxide. Furthermore in the production of windscreens the glass may first be tinted with CoO, SnO or TiO 2  by spraying. As shown in Fig.2 the refractory oxide is held in a stationary or rotated water cooled copper crucible 25 in vacuum chamber 19. The substrate 47 is located above 25 and may be fixed or movable e. g. as a conveyer for continuous production. Separate source crucibles are used for vaporizing more than one oxide and vaporization is effected by an electron beam 45 from gun 29 directed by magnet 39. The substrate is also heated by an electron beam generated by gun 51 or alternatively by the source gun 29 to 250‹ -750‹ F. Oxygen is supplied to the chamber at 0À1 to 0À5 ccs/min to prevent dissociation of the refractory oxide. The following coating combinations are exemplified. (1) Glass/Au/MgF 2 /TiO 2  (2) A 7 layer stack of Glass/MgF 2 /TiO 2 /Gd 2 O 3  (3) Glass/Al/<SP>Al</SP>2<SP>O</SP>3  SiO2
Patent GB-619584-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic contact printing machines
IPC: G03B27/22
Filed: 1946-12-13
Abstract: 619,584. Photographic contact printing machines. OSTERBERG, I. A. Dec. 13, 1946, No. 36861. [Class 98 (ii)] In a machine of the kind having an endless conveyer belt 4 and a curved transparent platen 7 between which the sensitive paper and the original, fed in from table 1, pass in contact for exposure, the belt having a substantially vertical ascending part, a feeding device consisting of a flexible guide plate 10 arranged around the lower guide roller 9 and a guide plate 13 fixed to the flexible plate and extending along the ascending part of the belt feeds the original and sensitive paper after exposure to a discharge point near to the point of insertion. The flexible plate 10 may be urged against the belt by a spring 11 carried by a bracket 12 on the frame of the machine. The plate 13 may bear against the belt under the action of springs 18 and 19. A roll of sensitive paper may be stored under the table 1. The paper and original are fed in between a roller 5 and the belt, and guided by a plate 6 to pass over the plate 7 for exposure by a lamp 8. On emerging, they may fall into a receptacle 16.
Patent GB-344357-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical installations for lighting, heating and like purposes on railway vehicles
IPC: B60L1/00
Filed: 1929-12-03
Abstract: 344,357. Variable-speed generator .systems. STONE & CO., Ltd., J., Deptford, London, HONEY, A. E., 31, Seymour Gardens, Ilford, Essex, and ABBOTT, F. V., 16, Balcaskie Road, Eltham, London. Dec. 3, 1929, No. 37017. [Class 38 (iv).] Subsidiary load circuits on railway vehicles, such as an embarkation lighting circuit, are controlled by switchgear responsive to the voltage variation between the vehicle lighting circuit and the paralleling wire of a 5-wire system. The invention is described as applied to an unequipped coach 2, and comprises a solenoid 25 connected across the paralleling wire 5 and positive lighting wire 3. The solenoid 25 may be connected directly across these wires but it is shown connected through contacts 20 and 26. These contacts are closed by a solenoid 24 permanently connected across the positive lighting wire 3 and negative wire 4. When the lighting wire 3 is energized from the equipped coach 1 contacts 20, 26 are closed and solenoid 25 energized if there is a voltage difference between the paralleling wire 5 and lighting wire 3 to open the circuit of an embarkation lighting system 17<1> at the contacts 21, 27. On the voltage of the paralleling wire 5 dropping to that of the lighting wire 3 the contacts 21, 27 close to energize the embarkation lighting system. A modification of the connections of the solenoid 25 is described in which the solenoid comprises magnetizing and demagnetizing windings connected between the paralleling wire 5 and the lighting wire 3 respectively to a common negative lead, which may contain the contacts of the second electro-magnetic switch. In another modification the solenoid 24 is replaced by three windings connected between the negative wire and the control wires 6 and 7 and the positive wire 3 respectively. Specifications 245,502, 282,507 and 307,386, [all in Class 38 (iv), Electric supply and transmission systems &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-1476990-A (GB)
Title: Telemetering system for boreholes
IPC: E21B45/00
Filed: 1974-08-23
Abstract: 1476990 Acoustic signalling SUN OIL CO 23 Aug 1974 [23 Aug 1973] 37113/74 Heading G4F Measuring-device signals at the bottom of a well drill pipe 1, Fig. 1, are telemetered acoustically to the surface along the pipe via intermediate repeaters 4 &c., the carrier frequencies at the input and output of a repeater being different. One pattern of frequencies is illustrated. In the embodiment carrier frequencies of some 1000 Hz are utilized. The sensor-transmitter device 3 incorporates time-division-multiplexing, analogue-to-digital conversion and frequencyshift-keying of carrier f 1 , Fig. 2 (not shown). A repeater unit circuit includes, a piezo-electric pick-up, filters, and a ring modulator acting as a frequency-changer, Fig. 3 (not shown). Repeater construction. Fig. 6.-The repeater is constructed to be withdrawable by a grappling hook from the surface. Acoustic waves reach pick-up 40 from pipe 1 via fins 96, tube 97, balls 105, housing 100 and plate 104. The transmitter is a dynamic loud-speaker in a housing 113.
Patent GB-1337490-A (GB)
Title: Glass and optical element made therefrom and a method for  making the optical element
IPC: C03C3/105
Filed: 1971-08-06
Abstract: 1337490 Glass for optical elements CARLZEISS-STIFTUNG [trading as JENAER GLASWERK SCHOTT & GEN] 6 Aug 1971 [7 Aug 1970] 37137/71 Heading C1M A glass consists of, by weight, SiO 2 , 43-62% ; PbO, 2-14À5%; ZrO 2 , 0-3%; P 2 O 5 , 0-2%; Al 2 O 3 , 5-21%, alkali metal oxide, 10À5-25% BaO, 0À2-0À9%; ZnO, 0-2À0%, and possibly a refining agent such that (a)+SiO 2  = 63-76%, and The glass may be used to produce optical elements such as glass fibres or blocks whose refractive index varies towards the surface, such variation being produced by ion exchange. The content of alkali metal oxide is selected to allow lowering or raising of the refractive index at the surface.
Patent GB-1510412-A (GB)
Title: Method of forming a curved flexible substantially self-supporting sheet like structure
IPC: B27N7/00
Filed: 1976-03-12
Abstract: 1510412 Treating woodlike board VAN DRESSER CORP 12 March 1976 37213/72 Divided out of 1510411 Heading B5A A curved flexible, self supporting panel consisting of a sheet of fibrous material; which is capable of being softened, is formed by the application of water at 120‹ to 212‹ F. and shaping by pressure and heat from a pair of heated dies. The sheet is usually woodlike fibres in a resin binder and may be perforated to assist the treatment with water.
Patent GB-1029237-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing a pumpable shortening composition
Inventor: BRUCE CHARLES FREDERICK
IPC: A23D9/013
Filed: 1961-10-17
Abstract: A process for preparing a shortening composition which is pumpable at 70-80 DEG  F. comprises preparing a mixture of (1) one or more triglyceride fats selected from hydrogenated marine oil and hydrogenated and unhydrogenated vegetable and animal fats, (2) 3-6% by weight of the composition of one or more normally solid triglycerides of substantially saturated fatty acids, (3) 0.5-8% by weight of the composition of one or more propylene glycol monoesters of substantially saturated fatty acids and/or one or more lactic acid esters of monoglycerides of substantially fatty acids, and (4) 0.05-5% by weight of the composition of one or more partial glyceride esters of substantially saturated fatty acids; all the substantially saturated fatty acids above having 16-22 carbon atoms and ingredients (1) and (2) being selected so that a mixture of them has a solids content index (defined) of 15-25 at 60 DEG  F., 10-16 at 80 DEG  F. and 6-10 at 92 DEG  F.; adjusting the temperature of the mixture so that all the ingredients are liquid, rapidly chilling the resulting liquid in less than 10 mins. to produce a cloud of crystal nuclei and then cooling slowly at less than 20 DEG  F. per hour to a temperature not higher than 80 DEG  F.  The mixture may contain a further ingredient (5) which is up to 2% by weight of free, substantially saturated fatty acid. Ingredient (1) may be hydrogenated whale and fish oils, groundnut oil, cottonseed oil, soyabean oil, palm oil, lard or tallow. Ingredient (2) may be soyabean oil, groundnut oil and palm oil, hydrogenated to a high degree.  Ingredients (3), (4) and (5) may be derived from the fats employed as ingredient (2) but hydrogenated fish oil may also be used.  When (3) is a propylene glycol monoester, a mixture of (3), (4) and (5) may be prepared by transesterifying a suitable hydrogenated fat with about half its own weight of propylene glycol using an alkaline esterification catalyst in known manner. When (3) is a lactic acid ester, a mixture of (3), (4) and (5) may be prepared by transesterifying a suitable hydrogenated fat with excess glycerine, removing the unreacted glycerine by vacuum distillation and then esterifying the monoglyceride with lactic acid in known manner.
Patent GB-787609-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to water heaters
Inventor: BODEN WOLFGANG
IPC: F24H1/20
Filed: 1955-12-29
Abstract: 787,609. Hot-water boilers. MASCHINENFABRIK BREMEN GES. Dec. 29,1955 No. 37291/55. Class 64(1) In a water heater having a water jacket 10 surrounding a vertical flue 13, combustion gases flowing from an inlet 2 in the lower part of the casing 1 are deflected into the flue 13 by a hollow part-spherical deflector 4, through which cold water flows to the water jacket 10. In the form shown, the deflector 4 is a double-walled partspherical hollow body, the lower end of which is connected to the cold water supply by a pipe 5 protected from the hot gases by a plate 7. Corrugated plates such as 9 may be provided on the wall 8 and on the wall of the flue 13, to increase heat transfer. The flue 13 and an annular flue 15 between the jacket 10 and casing 1 both discharge into an outlet 17. The deflector 4 may alternatively be a serpentine tube.
Patent GB-446351-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pianofortes
IPC: G10C3/02
Filed: 1934-12-31
Abstract: 446,351. Pianofortes. MONTAGUE, A. W., 78, Queen Elizabeth's Drive, Southgate, London. Dec. 31, 1934, No. 37318. [Class 88 (ii)] The keyboard 7 folds upwardly about pivots 8, and the sides and top of the instrument are extended forwardly, so that its entire front, including the pedals 10, can be closed by a roller-door or by one or two hinged doors 2, which may fold at 14. The keyboard is retained in the open and closed positions by spring-catches 19, receiving pins 15 or 16 on the keyboard.
Patent GB-1046740-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transformers
Inventor: STOREY JOHN THOMAS
IPC: H01F27/28
Filed: 1963-09-23
Abstract: 1,046,740. Transformers. HADDONTRANSFORMERS Ltd. July 13, 1964 [Sept. 23, 1963], No. 37380/63. Heading H1T. A transformer usable for producing a number of spot welds simultaneously has N-1 secondary windings S1 S2 arranged in an enclosing magnetic core K side by side with and between N primary windings P1, P2, P3 the end primary windings P1, P3 being tapped and connected in parallel to the A C supply and in series with winding P3. The physical arrangement of the connections, the windings and the interwinding insulation is such as to secure equal leakage reactances of the minimum value between the primaries and secondaries. The primary coils are wound from copper tape separated by woven cotton or fibre glass tape. . The tappings are also made of copper tape and the single turn copper secondary coils may be tubular or may each have a copper tube welded &c. on to provide for the passage of water or other cooling fluid The transformer may be polyphase.
Patent GB-328288-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to printing telegraphs
IPC: H04L17/00
Filed: 1928-12-19
Abstract: 328,288. Okamoto, Y. Dec. 19, 1928. Relay type-lever actions.-Typelever selection. In a printing-telegraph receiver a high-pressure positive or negative impulse acts on a highpressure solenoid 37 to shift a camshaft 61 longitudinally so that a cam 62 engages a follower 77 and a projection 83 to throw a selector bar 63 to the right through levers 79, 81. A low-pressure impulse does not move the cam shaft and the corresponding cam engages only the follower 77 to release its lever 78 from the lever 79 and thus move the selector bar to the left. Printing. Notches of the selector bars corresponding to the required character are aligned as above, and the appropriate pull lever 64 enters the notches so that a cam shoulder 88 is engaged by a transverse cam bar 89 on a lever 87 which is actuated by a cam 93 through a follower lever 91.
Patent GB-1325047-A (GB)
Title: Rifamycin compounds and processes for their manufacture
IPC: C07D498/08
Filed: 1970-08-05
Abstract: 1325047 Rifamycin compounds CIBAGEIGY AG 5 Aug 1970 [11 Aug 1969 8 Dec 1969] 37812/70 Heading C2A A process for the manufacture of 3-aminorifamycin S, 3-amino-rifamycin SV, 3-amino- 25 - desacetyl - rifamycin S and 3 - amino- 25-desacetyl-SV compounds, or their derivatives hydrogenated in at least one of the positions 16, 17, 18, 19, 28, 29, wherein the 3-amino group has aliphatic character and is disubstituted by a divalent hydrocarbon residue and wherein the aza-cycloaliphatic ring thus formed possesses at least three ring carbon atoms and only tetrahedral alpha-carbon atoms and, if it contains less than eight ring carbon atoms, possesses additionally a further carbon to carbon bond emanating from at least one of the positions other than the alpha-positions, their salts and quaternary ammonium compounds, wherein rifamycin S or 25-desacetyl rifamycin S, or a derivative of either hydrogenated in at least one of the positions 16, 17, 18, 19, 28, 29 is reacted with an amine corresponding to the defined amino group, and the resulting 3- amino substitution product of the rifamycin compound is isolated in the quinone or hydroquinone form and, if desired, the isolated compounds are hydrogenated with catalytically activated hydrogen or saponified to the desacetyl compounds by alkaline hydrolysis in the 25 position and/or hydroquinones obtained at any stage are oxidized to quinones or quinones reduced to hydroquinones and/or, if desired, the resulting compounds are converted into their salts or quaternary ammonium compounds. This reaction may be carried out in non- hydroxylic solvents, e.g. dioxane. Platinum, palladium or Raney nickel catalysts may be used for hydrogenation purposes. The invention also comprises the resulting rifamycins. Saponification may be carried out by use of an alkali metal hydroxide, bicarbonate or carbonate or an organic base. Hydroquinones may be oxdized to the corresponding quinones by means of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulphate, or potassium ferricyanide, while a quinone may be reduced to a hydroquinone by means of ascorbic acid or a salt thereof. Pharmaceutical preparations for oral or parenteral administration contain the rifamycins. Also animal feeding stuffs which contain the above substances may be prepared.
Patent GB-923709-A (GB)
Title: Electrolytic production of magnesium
IPC: C25C3/04
Filed: 1960-11-03
Abstract: 923,709. Fused electrolyte processes for producing magnesium and chlorine. DOW CHEMICAL CO. Nov. 3, 1960 [Nov. 13, 1959], No. 37861/60. Class 41. Magnesium and chlorine are electrolytically produced from a hydrous feed of MgCl 2  which is pretreated with a hydrolysis inhibiting gas (Cl 2 HCl, CFCL 3  or COCL 2 ) in a heated feed chamber. The feed contains at least 5% of MgCl 2  (preferably 10-25%) and the balance KCl apart from impurities e.g. up to 5% CaCl 2 , 5% NaCl 2% BaCl 2  or SrCl 2 , MgO may also be present since it is converted to MgCl 2  in the pretreatment. The addition of a flux e.g. CaF 2 , MgF 2  and NaF or mixtures thereof in an amount of 0.5-1.5% is stated to be advantageous. The temperature in the feed chamber must be above the melting point of the bath and is preferably 650‹-900‹ C. The temperature of the electrolyte during electrolysis is between 825‹ C. and 850‹ C. The process may be continuous and may be carried out in the apparatus described. Specification 859,354 is referred to.
Patent GB-1201655-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to methods of and furaces for supplying molten glass
Inventor: GELL PHILIP ANTHONY MAUNSELL
IPC: C03B7/07
Filed: 1967-08-17
Abstract: 1,201,655. Glass melting furnaces. ELEMELT Ltd. 9 Aug., 1968 [17 Aug., 1967], No. 37914/67. Heading F4B. [Also in Division H5] Molten glass flowing horizontally along a feeder duct 10 between a furnace chamber (not shown) and a feeder chamber 11 is heated by A.C. passed therethrough between pairs of electrodes 14a, 14b, and 14x, 14y, on opposite sides 13 of the duct and offset longitudinally from each other (see Division H5). Glass is fed out from orifice 15 of feeder chamber 11 under the control of a plunger 27 reciprocated in the direction of arrow 28. Fuel fed burners 26a to 26c supply heat to the glass and, alternatively, or in addition, cooling devices 26d to 26f deliver jets of cooling air into the space 25 above the glass, as described in Specifications 1,060,622 and 1,163,531. The melting and refining furnace is as in Specifications 835,201, 835,202 and 835,205.
Patent GB-1171474-A (GB)
Title: Stabilisation of Polymers
Inventor: BRIGGS PETER JAMES
IPC: C07F9/6574
Filed: 1966-08-24
Abstract: 1,171,474. Cyclic phosphate esters. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 3 Aug., 1967 [24 Aug., 1966], No. 37983/66. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C3] Phosphite esters of cyclic structure may be obtained by reaction of polyhydroxy organic compounds with phosphorus trichloride or by interesterification with triphenyl phosphite. Examples describe the preparation of ophenylene chlorophosphite from phosphorus trichloride and catechol, and the esterification thereof with (1) 2,6-di-t.-butyl-4-methylphenol and (2) 3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol; and the preparation of 1 - hydroxy - 2,2,2 - trimethylolethane phosphite from pentaerythritol and triphenyl phosphite in the presence of phenol and sodium hydride.
Patent GB-936682-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the construction of ingot moulds
Inventor: DACHATEAU JEAN-LOUIS
IPC: B22D7/10
Filed: 1960-11-04
Abstract: 936,682. Ingot moulds. FOSECO TRADING A.G. Oct. 23, 1961 [Nov. 4, 1960], No. 38019/60. Class 83 (1). An ingot mould 1 has at its upper end slots 2 which are closed on the inside by a fracturable exothermic or heat insulating lining or a multilayer lining 4. The ingot is extracted from the mould by causing grab arms to pass through the slots, breaking the lining and gripping the ingot. Specifications 120,334, 627,678, 785,984 and 805,823 are referred to.