Patent GB-378400-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of homogeneous intermixtures of hydrocarbons with soap stocks, creams or pastes
IPC: C11D9/26
Filed: 1931-04-02
Abstract: Emulsions of hydrocarbons to be mixed with creams or pastes such as soap stock or polishing compositions are prepared by the use as emulsifying agent of a mixture of glue solution and a solution of starch paste treated with alkali &c.  A small proportion of borax may be added as stabilizer.  Examples: (1) a warmed solution containing 10 kg. of gelatine and 90 kg. of water is mixed with a starch paste solution prepared by adding slowly 0.5 kg. of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 26/m15 kg. of water to a suspension of 3 kg. of starch in 70 kg. of water; 800 kg. of benzine are then added in small quantities with continual agitation to form a stable emulsion insensitive to electrolytes such as Glauber's salt; (2) 10 volumes of a 10 per cent glue solution are added to 10 volumes of 2 per cent. starch paste solution treated with alkali and 100 volumes of benzine emulsified in the mixture; \ba1/2\be-1 per cent of the total mass of borax may be added as stabilizer; (3) with 6875 parts of salted out soap 3125 of an emulsion such as above are mixed during the cooling process to form a shaving soap; (4) a shoe cream or floor polish is prepared by mixing 25 parts of a wax with 30-40 parts of turpentine or benzine emulsified as above; colouring matter dissolved in turpentine or benzine may be added.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) refers to the emulsification of water-insoluble organic compounds in general, such as petroleum and its distillation products and residues, vegetable and animal oils, fats, and waxes, by the aid of mixtures of organic colloids, to form products utilizable as, or in making, solvent, medicinal and cosmetic soaps, wax creams, boring, cutting and lubricating oils, or dust-binding compositions.  Mixtures of any of the following colloids, proteins, proteids, agar, saponin, bile, with any of the following, starch paste, dextrin, gum, vegetable glue, are stated to be suitable.  Further examples given are: (a) 100 parts of olive oil are emulsified with a mixture of 10 parts of 10 per cent glue solution and 10 parts of 10 per cent dextrin solution; (b) 100 parts of kerosene, 10 parts of 10 per cent glue solution and 10 parts of 3 per cent Iceland moss solution; (c) 100 parts of kerosene, 10 parts of 5 per cent glue solution and 10 parts of tragacanth solution; (d) 100 parts of mineral oil, 10 parts of 2 per cent agar solution and 10 parts of 2 per cent starch paste solution; (e) 100 parts of mineral oil, 10 parts of 2 per cent agar solution and 10 parts of 8 per cent gum arabic solution; (f) 100 parts of 3 per cent starch paste solution containing 0.5 parts of sodium hydrate are mixed with 90 parts of 1 per cent borax solution and 10 parts of casein are stirred in; 800 parts of petrol or kerosene are emulsified in the mixture and the emulsion added to 3000 parts of soap; (g) 20 parts of an emulsifying agent as in (1), but made with glue, are emulsified with 80 parts of crude oil or a liquid distillation residue thereof to form an emulsion dilutable to an oil content of 10-30 per cent when applied as a dust-binding agent for roads.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.