baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2007512593-A (JP)
Title: モバイルコンピュータのファイル転送プロトコル
IPC: G06F/
Filed: 2004-10-14
Abstract: パームＯＳを有する機器（１４）を使用して通信する通信方法が開示されている。ノード（１２）と通信するために、ＳＭＢを優先的に使用して、ＳＭＢが使用できない場合、ＦＴＰが使用され、ＦＴＰが使用できない場合、ブルートゥースが使用される。ＦＴＰ又はブルートゥースがプロトコルとして選択された場合、読出又は書込が必要である機器（１４）とノード（１２）の間でのファイル共有が、ファイルを一時的に機器（１４）の内部パームＯＳメモリ（１８）にコピーし、ファイル上で読出又は書込を実行し、その後、ノード（１２）において、ファイルの旧バージョンを上書きするためにファイルをノードにコピーすることによって実行される。内部メモリ（１８）へ非パームＯＳのファイルを転送するために、ファイルは、読出又は書込を実行する内部メモリ（１８）内のパームＯＳストリームにラッピングされる。拡張パームＯＳのメモリカード（２０）へファイルを転送するためには、拡張メモリ（２０）のＦＡＴを使用してファイルをバイトツーバイトコピーして、ファイルは、機器（１４）の内部パームＯＳメモリ（１８）を介して転送される。
Patent JP-2007513448-A (JP)
Title: クロストークキャンセレーションによる２次元チャネルデータストリームに対するシンボル検出装置及び方法
IPC: G11B20/14
Filed: 2004-11-18
Abstract: 本発明は、記録キャリア上に記録される２次元チャネルデータストリームのシンボル値を検出するシンボル検出装置であって、前記チャネルデータストリームは、第１方向に１次元に展開し、第２方向に互いに整列されるシンボルローの一組の連続するシンボルストリップを有し、前記２つの方向は、シンボル位置の２次元格子から構成されるシンボル検出装置に関する。２Ｄフォーマットによる２Ｄシンボルストリップのエッジにおける検出パフォーマンスの実質的なロスを回避するため、シンボルストリップの次の１つの隣接するシンボルローから、第１隣接シンボルローと前記シンボルストリップに属しないそれの近傍のシンボルローとの間のクロストークキャンセレーションを各第１隣接シンボルローについて適用することによって、前記シンボルストリップの第１隣接シンボルローに存在する半径シンボル間干渉をキャンセルするクロストークキャンセレーションユニットと、前記第１隣接シンボルローと共に、前記シンボルストリップのシンボルをシンボル検出する２Ｄシンボル検出装置と、を有することを特徴とするシンボル検出装置が提案される。
Patent JP-2008504010-A (JP)
Title: 新規のプロスタグランジン受容体タンパク質をコードする核酸およびその使用方法
IPC: C07K14/72
Filed: 2004-12-07
Abstract: 本発明は、プロスタノイド受容体ファミリー、モルモットプロスタグランジンＤ２受容体の新規な構成要素を説明する。上記受容体、それらをコードする核酸、および、それら両方の様々な使用も説明する。 【選択図】  図２
Patent JP-2007520292-A (JP)
Title: 体液が流れる脈管中に活性物質を放出するためのインプラント
IPC: A61L31/14
Filed: 2005-02-04
Abstract: 本発明の目的は、体液が流れる脈管の中へ活性物質を放出するためのインプラントを提供することである。この目的は、体液が流れる脈管中へ活性物質を放出する独創的インプラントによって達成される。該インプラントは、放出される活性物質の担体として生分解性材料から成る基体を含む。体液は、該基体の周囲の内側及び／または外側を流れる。
Patent JP-2007526915-A (JP)
Title: 芳香族カルボン酸プロセスにおける蒸気の再圧縮
IPC: F24V30/00
Filed: 2005-02-02
Abstract: 開示されるものは、熱媒体として、カルボン酸製造プロセスのその他の部分で有用であり、又は別のプロセスで一般的に利用される、より高圧のスチームを製造するための、プロセスで発生したスチームの再圧縮方法である。本発明は、次の基本的な工程を含む。（ａ）第一の熱伝達ゾーンで、芳香族カルボン酸製造プロセスからもたらされる、高温プロセス流の少なくとも一部から熱エネルギーを回収して、低圧スチームを製造し；（ｂ）その低圧スチームを圧縮ゾーンに導いて中間圧スチームを発生させ；（ｃ）中間圧スチームを、特にそのカルボン酸プロセスのその他の部分の中で、又は一般的に別のプロセスで熱媒体として利用し、そのことによりスチーム凝縮液を生じさせ；そして（ｄ）必要に応じて、そのスチーム凝縮液の全部又は一部を、低圧スチーム発生のため第二の熱伝達ゾーンに再循環させること。
Patent JP-2008162557-A (JP)
Title: Light control method for electric bicycle
Inventor: OZAWA SATOSHI
IPC: B62J6/02
Filed: 2007-01-05
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light control method for an electric bicycle capable of preventing over-charge of a battery when the light is lighted without assistance.  <P>SOLUTION: In the case wherein a light switch 9 is pushed in a first condition wherein a control circuit 5 is stopped and assistance by an auxiliary motor 3 is turned off and the light 4 is distinguished, power is supplied from the battery 2 to the control circuit 5 and the control circuit 5 is excited with a voltage detecting circuit 16, and the control circuit 5 operates a light lighting circuit 7 to change condition to a third condition wherein the light 4 is lighted. In the third condition, in the case wherein voltage of the battery 2 detected by the voltage detecting circuit 16 is less than a certain voltage, the control circuit 5 stops the light lighting circuit 7 so as to distinguish the light 4.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008169011-A (JP)
Title: Sheet conveying device
Inventor: ITO SHINGO
IPC: B65H1/12
Filed: 2007-01-12
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheet conveying device reducing extension of the length of a sheet conveyance route in a conveyance passage and reducing conveyance friction applied to a sheet.  <P>SOLUTION: A multifunction machine 1 is provided with a paper feeder 6. The paper feeder has a paper feeding tray 12 and a paper feeding mechanism 33. A recording paper placed on the paper feeding tray 12 is conveyed to a paper conveyance passage 23 by a paper feeding roller 25. The paper feeding tray 12 is provided with a movable plate 62 and side guides 70, 71. The movable plate 62 is vertically movably supported. The movable plate 62 is arranged on the downstream side of the paper feeding roller 25 in a conveying direction. When the recording paper with a size smaller than that of a postcard is placed on the paper feeding tray 12 and the side guides 70, 71 are slid, the movable plate 62 is lifted up to a first position. When the recording paper with a size larger than that of the postcard is placed on the paper feeding tray 12 and the side guides 70, 71 are slid, the movable plate 62 is lowered to a second position.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008168547-A (JP)
Title: Injection-molding die
Inventor: DOOKU YUKIO
IPC: B29C45/36
Filed: 2007-01-12
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an injection-molding die which prevents the generation of galling or burrs resulting from a thermal expansion difference or an injection pressure on the sliding surface or the joined surface between constituent members of the injection-molding die from occurring, and is suitable for the manufacture of a large-sized molded article or a thin molded article.  <P>SOLUTION: In this injection-molding die, a first molding die 10 and a second molding die 50 relatively move. In the injection-molding die, the first molding die 10 is equipped with a central insert 15, a platform plate 35, an external frame 20 consisting of a plurality of constituent pieces which surround the central insert 15, and an external frame plate 25. At least one constituent piece 19 is fixed to the external frame plate 25. The constituent piece 18 at the counter position of the constituent piece 19 can move in a direction being orthogonal to the opening/closing direction of the die by a first floating mechanism 45, and also, is urged in the direction of the central insert 15 by an urging means 31 which is installed on the outside of the constituent piece 18, and can correspond to the deformation/movement of the central insert 15 or the platform plate 35 in a direction being orthogonal to the opening/closing direction of the die by a second floating mechanism 30.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008169021-A (JP)
Title: Paper feeding tray
Inventor: YAMAKAWA TOMOHIKO
IPC: B65H1/04
Filed: 2007-01-15
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a paper feeding tray easily safekeeping guide members and having no possibility to lose the guide member when not in use, in the guide member used for extending the length of an end stopper when tab sheets are loaded.  <P>SOLUTION: This paper feeding tray 1 is provided with a rear end pressing member 7 capable of regulating the rear edge position of a loaded paper 3 on the rear side in a conveying direction together with the end stopper 5, and a storage space 8 capable of storing the rear end pressing member 7. The rear end pressing member 7 can go in and out between the storage space 8 and a placing space 2 and is freely changed over between a non-operative condition that the rear end pressing member is stored in the storage space 8 and an operative condition that the rear end pressing member regulates together with the end stopper 5, the rear edge position of the loaded paper on the rear side in the conveying direction in the placing space 2.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008176935-A (JP)
Title: Steel pipe pole
Inventor: KAWAHARA AKIRA
IPC: F21V21/00
Filed: 2007-01-16
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steel pipe pole capable of illuminating roads, wrecked vehicles, disaster victims, and so on away from the steel pipe pole even when its battery is broken by a bad weather or earthquake.  <P>SOLUTION: The steel pipe pole includes a lighting fixture to illuminate a road, a solar panel and a micro wind power generator to supply electric power to the lighting fixture, wherein the steel pipe pole has an emergency light box having a portable emergency light charged by electric power supplied from the solar panel and the micro wind power generator.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008175567-A (JP)
Title: Navigation device
Inventor: MUNAKATA NOBUHIKO
IPC: G09B29/00
Filed: 2007-01-16
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a navigation device capable of mitigating irritating feeling during retrieval.  <P>SOLUTION: When starting peripheral retrieval of a facility relative to a category of a prescribed facility, a screen 40 under retrieval is displayed. A retrieval distance showing a kilometer-range from the own car position wherein retrieval is completed is shown in a retrieval distance display column 43 on the screen 40 under retrieval. Hereby, a user can acquire a progression state of facility retrieval.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008176060-A (JP)
Title: Active matrix display device and display method thereof
Inventor: NAKAMURA NORIO
IPC: G09G3/30
Filed: 2007-01-18
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an active matrix display device reduced in display unevenness due to the characteristic variation of a driving thin-film transistor even in the video of a low gradation, and its display method.  <P>SOLUTION: The active matrix display device includes: a display section 100 in which pixel sections PX including driving transistors DTr for driving display elements OLED are arranged in a matrix on a substrate; signal lines DL which are disposed for every column and are connected to the respective pixel sections of each column; a gradation signal output section DO which outputs a gradation signal corresponding to the video signal to the pixel section via the signal line; and reset output sections (220, 240, 241, RST) which output reset signals for making the pixel section hold the prescribed gradation voltages via the signal lines. The reset output sections are made to flow two steps of currents to the signal lines as reset signals and make the pixel section hold the gradation voltages reflecting the variation in the characteristics of the driving transistors.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008175178-A (JP)
Title: Fuel injection control device for internal combustion engine
Inventor: OMAE KAZUHIRO
IPC: F02M47/02
Filed: 2007-01-22
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel injection control device capable of increasing the descent speed of a needle valve while reducing fluctuation in the valve opening timing of a needle valve.  <P>SOLUTION: In addition to the first fuel inflow passage C2, the device is provided with: the second fuel inflow passage C4 as a flow passage forcing fuel to flow into a control chamber R2 facing the back side of a needle valve 42 from a fuel supply passage C1 for supplying high pressure (injection pressure Pc) fuel in a common rail 30; and a spool valve 44 for communicating/intercepting the second fuel inflow passage C4. The spool valve 44 comes into a valve opening state when pressure (control pressure Pcntl) in the control chamber R2 is larger than spool valve closing pressure, and into a valve closing state when the control pressure Pcntl is smaller than the spool valve closing pressure. The spool valve opening pressure is set to be more than the upper limit value of a dispersion range of the needle valve opening pressure and smaller than the lower limit value of the fluctuation range of "the pressure obtained by subtracting the pressure equivalent to biasing force of a coil spring 45 from the injection pressure Pc".  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007225602-A (JP)
Title: Radar device, and interference detection method
Inventor: MIYAGAWA KOICHI
IPC: G01S7/36
Filed: 2007-01-22
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radar device and an interference detection method capable of surely detecting an interference in a simple structure without increasing a throughput.  <P>SOLUTION: An interference detection part 80 calculates an average value of received power from a reception signal corresponding to waves received by reception antennas 31 and 32 and determines that the interference occurs when a difference from a previously calculated average value of the received power is a threshold value or larger. In addition, as another interference detection method, the interference detection part 80 determines that the interference occurs when the average value of the received power corresponding to a remote distance is a threshold value or larger. Further, as another method, the interference detection part 80 determines that the interference occurs when the received power of a threshold value or larger is detected when no transmission wave is sent from a transmission antenna 20. Further, as another method, it determines that the interference occurs when the average value of the received power corresponding to a high relative speed region is a threshold value or larger.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008187408-A (JP)
Title: Image forming apparatus, image processing method, and image processing program
Inventor: YAMANE OSAMU
IPC: G06T5/00
Filed: 2007-01-29
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image forming apparatus, an image processing method and an image processing program for flexibly using a memory region in the case of applying error diffusion to image data.  <P>SOLUTION: This image forming apparatus is provided with an image processing means for applying error diffusion to first image data and a print control means for printing second image data to which the error diffusion has been applied. In processes of dividing images shown by the first image data into a plurality of division regions, and applying error diffusion to each of the divided regions, and applying the error diffusion to each of the divided regions, the image processing means secures a memory region for storing the application result of the error diffusion to the divided regions in a storage device.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008186254-A (JP)
Title: Information processor, information processing method, program and storage medium
Inventor: UOTANI KENICHIRO
IPC: G06F3/12
Filed: 2007-01-30
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that when printing a document including information peculiar to a preview added during the preview as it is, the document unintended by a user is printed.  <P>SOLUTION: A preview control part outputs document data deleted with a drawing instruction peculiar to preview display to a spool file based on a print instruction. A layout processing part inputs the document data from the spool file, and outputs the input document data to a preview document preparation part without performing layout processing based on print setting information. The preview document preparation part outputs the layout-processed document data to a print command generation processing part. The print command generation processing part converts the layout-processed document data into a print command capable of being interpreted by a printer.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007231008-A (JP)
Title: Rhenium complex compound and organic electroluminescence element containing the same
Inventor: YAGI SHIGEYUKI
IPC: C07D405/06
Filed: 2007-02-01
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel transition metal complex compound useful as a blue light-emitting element.  <P>SOLUTION: This is a rhenium complex compound represented by formula [1] (wherein A<SP>1</SP>is an arbitrary substituent; C<SP>1</SP>is carbon atom; A<SP>1</SP>may form a ring bonded to the substituent of C<SP>1</SP>; the ring B<SP>1</SP>is a 5-membered or a 6-membered ring containing a nitrogen atom; m is a number of 1-4; Q<SP>1</SP>is a directly bonded group or an arbitrary connected group; p is a number of 1 or 2; X<SP>1</SP>is a ligand or a counter anion; r is a number of 1-4; and 2×p+r is the coordination number of rhenium).  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008192373-A (JP)
Title: Fuel cell system and its scavenging method
Inventor: MATSUMOTO HIROTSUGU
IPC: H01M8/04
Filed: 2007-02-01
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell system 101 capable of making an exhaust valve small in size and low in cost by reducing a force required for opening the exhaust valve.  <P>SOLUTION: The fuel cell system is provided with a compressor 102 to supply a scavenging gas, an exhaust valve which switches over cathode scavenging performed by supplying the scavenging gas to a cathode gas passage and anode scavenging performed by supplying the scavenging gas to an anode gas passage, and a back pressure valve 104 which adjusts the pressure of the scavenging gas. An ECU 60 adjusts the scavenging gas pressure by the back pressure valve 104 and reduces the pressure difference of the scavenging gas at both sides of the exhaust valve 64 at the time of switching over from the cathode scavenging to the anode scavenging by the exhaust valve 64 to the pressure difference capable of opening the valve of the exhaust valve 64.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008195476-A (JP)
Title: Paper post-processing device
Inventor: MORITA AKIRA
IPC: B65H37/04
Filed: 2007-02-09
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a paper post-processing device capable of making a saddle-stitching position and a creasing of center-folding coincident with each other.  <P>SOLUTION: The paper post-processing device is provided with an intermediate storage tray 30 for storing a plurality of sheets of paper delivered from an image forming device such as a copying machine; a staple unit 20 for saddle-stitching a bundle of sheets of paper on a tray 30; and a center-folding unit 25 for center-folding the bundle of sheets of paper on the tray 30. Firstly, the staple is driven-in relative to the bundle of sheets of paper on the tray 30 by the staple unit 20 to apply the driving-in center-folding processing, and subsequently, the center-folding processing is applied relative to the bundle of sheets of paper by the center-folding unit 25 to put the crease at the same position as the staple position.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007236388-A (JP)
Title: New substrate polypeptide of phosphorylation enzyme
Inventor: KATAYAMA YOSHIKI
IPC: C07K7/06
Filed: 2007-02-13
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide substrate polypeptides capable of being specifically phosphorylated by Rho-kinase, protein kinase (PK)C eta, PKC alpha or PKC beta.  <P>SOLUTION: The polypeptide as the specific substrate of the Rho-kinase is represented by general formula (I): Xaa-Xaa-Xaa-Xaa<SP>1</SP>-Xaa-Xaa-Ser/Thr-Xaa<SP>2</SP>-Xaa<SP>3</SP>-Xaa-Xaa<SP>4</SP>. The peptide as the specific substrate of the PKC eta is represented by general formula (II): Xaa<SP>5</SP>-Xaa-Xaa<SP>6</SP>-Xaa<SP>7</SP>-Asn-Ser/Thr-Xaa<SP>8</SP>-Xaa<SP>9</SP>-Leu-Xaa-Xaa. The polypeptide as the specific substrate of the PKC beta is represented by general formula (III): Leu-Xaa-Xaa<SP>10</SP>-Xaa-Xaa<SP>11</SP>-Ser/Thr-Xaa<SP>12</SP>-Xaa<SP>13</SP>-Leu-Xaa-Xaa.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008194356-A (JP)
Title: Vacuum cleaner
Inventor: TANAKA TAKESHI
IPC: A47L9/10
Filed: 2007-02-15
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum cleaner which does not easily move with a small power when a dust collection box is removed.  <P>SOLUTION: The vacuum cleaner incorporating a power fan 4 and the dust collection box 11 includes: an opening part 54 opened to the bottom part of a main body case 6 of the vacuum cleaner; vertically movable casters 51 each of which has a wheel 50 at one end of a leg part 51a that penetrates the opening part 54 and protrudes from the main body case 6 and a head part 51b larger than the opening port size of the opening part 54 at the other end of the leg part 51a; and a freely opening/closing outer lid 7 for setting the dust collection box 11 to a prescribed position in the main body case 6 by pressing down the upper part of the dust collection box 11 placed at the caster 51. When the dust collection box 11 is removed, the caster 51 is lifted and brake force operates by friction between the main body case 6 and the wheel 50 for the movement.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008205152-A (JP)
Title: Powder soft magnetic alloy material, magnetic material and coil component using its material
Inventor: SHIBUYA TOMONORI
IPC: H01F17/06
Filed: 2007-02-20
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reliable powder soft magnetic alloy material which provides a core 12 having a sufficient mechanical strength even when the core 12 has a high magnetic permeability by increasing a percentage of a soft magnetic alloy 8 in the core 12 and decreasing a percentage of a binder 10 therein, and also to provide a magnetic material and a coil component, each using the alloy material.  <P>SOLUTION: Each of particles of a soft magnetic alloy 8 is coated with an oxide film 9, and the oxide film 9 is set to have a thickness not smaller than 20 nm and not larger than 110 nm.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008200739-A (JP)
Title: Rotary member for molten metal degassing apparatus, and molten metal degassing apparatus comprising the same
Inventor: KAJIWARA KAORU
IPC: B22D1/00
Filed: 2007-02-22
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary member for molten metal degassing apparatus, which can simplify a rotary body structure of degassing apparatus, can finely and homogeneously diffuse bubbles of treatment gas injected into the molten metal without requiring high speed rotation of a rotary shaft, and can suppress aggregation of the bubbles in the bottom side of gas injection section, and to provide the degassing apparatus using the member.  <P>SOLUTION: The member is a hollow rotary member and feeds treatment gas into the molten metal. The main part of the member comprises a hollow body with a straight line shape or a crossed shape and is composed of porous material having an open pore diameter of 5-100 μm and a porosity rate of 10-50%.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007252371-A (JP)
Title: Method for inspecting typing of pathogenic bacterium and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli and legionella bacterium
Inventor: WATABIKI MASANORI
IPC: C12N15/09
Filed: 2007-02-23
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for inspecting typing based on polymorphism of a base sequence accumulated as text data as a method for inspecting typing of pathogenic bacteria including EHEC (enterohemorrhagic E. coli) and the genus Legionella.  <P>SOLUTION: The method for inspecting the typing of pathogenic bacteria is provided. The method is to identify monobasic polymorphism included in two or more basic sequence domains having mutual homology and existing in a gene of the pathogenic bacteria and determine the gene typing based on the obtained information on the monobasic polymorphism. The pathogenic bacterium is the EHEC and the base sequence domain having mutual homogeny is present in prophage genom sequence of the EHEC. The pathogenic bacterium is also the one belonging to the genus Legionella.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008211350-A (JP)
Title: System management method, information processor, and program for decentralized network environment
Inventor: AKAMATSU TAKESHI
IPC: H04L69/40
Filed: 2007-02-23
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation management system capable of integrally detecting and managing physical location information on locations where computers are disposed and logical configuration information on software running on a computer in a computer decentralized processing environment.  <P>SOLUTION: Physical location information on a network connection device such as a network switch is previously described in a ledger etc., and the physical location information is generated as a configuration item, and the configuration item of the physical location information is associated with a configuration item which is found by a software dependence finding means and saved in a configuration management database (CMDB). The physical location information is preferably configured as a structured database, and then CIs of physical location information can hierarchically be associated with one another.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT