baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent EP-0930204-A1 (EP)
Inventor: VACCARI ALDO
IPC: B60S1/04
Filed: 1998-01-20
Abstract: The windscreen wiper protector consists of a metal bracket (1) with one edge fastening onto the wiper arm by two fixing screws (2). The other edge has a pivot (3) for a prop (4). The prop is held in its rest position by a spring (5), while its free end has a sliding sleeve (7) of rubber or plastic with a screw (8) which allows the length of the prop to be adjusted. The bracket measures about 30 x 25 x 10 mm, and the prop is about 60 mm long. When the windscreen wipers are not likely to be used for some time the props can be set to hold the wiper blades away from the windscreen. When the wipers are switched on, the props retract automatically into their rest positions.
Patent EP-0864528-A1 (EP)
Inventor: FRIEDLI PAUL DR DIPL-ING
IPC: B66B3/00
Filed: 1998-03-02
Abstract: The selection and display device (1), positioned on each floor serviced by the lift, has a number of input buttons (2) for selecting respective floors (F0,F1,F2,F3,F4) in the building, each associated with a floor identification field (3) and a common lift call display (4). The selection and display device at each floor only has a number of buttons corresponding to the number of floors which can be reached by the lift, for direct selection of the required floor.
Patent EP-0952007-A1 (EP)
Inventor: HAAS DANIEL
IPC: B65H45/30
Filed: 1998-04-22
Abstract: The folding machine, includes a sheet feed and a drive (110, 111, 115), folds sheets of paper to be glued at preset points. A pressing unit (12) with roll pairs after the folding unit in the direction of motion of the sheet. One of the pressing rolls can be turned about an axis and has clamping elements and/or spring elements for setting the pressure, a drive (112, 114) for one or more of such rolls and another drive for the fixed-position rolls.
Patent EP-0895368-A1 (EP)
Inventor: OKAYASU TOSHIYUKI
IPC: H04L25/34
Filed: 1998-01-22
Abstract: An optical transmission system is provided, which permits
high-precision optical transmission of a signal even if the signal
has a high accurate timing, an indefinite period, and a DC component.
The transmitting side is provided with a rise edge detecting circuit
1 for detecting the rise edge of a transmitting signal waveform, a
transmitting pulse generating circuit 2 for generating a
transmitting pulse signal (b) constituted by a pair of opposite-polarity
pulses inverting their polarities at the detected timing, and
a light intensity modulation circuit 3 for generating a light
intensity modulated signal (c) based on the pulse signal (b). The
receiving side is provided with an AC-coupled receiving circuit 4
for receiving the light intensity modulated signal (c) and extracting
therefrom only an AC component, and a discrimination circuit 5 for
discriminating the rise timing from the received signal. Further, a
similar arrangement is provided for transmitting a signal
associated with the fall edge of the transmitting signal waveform.
On the basis of the discriminated rise timing and the fall timing,
the rise edge and the fall edge of the original transmitting signal
waveform are regenerated.
Patent EP-0956197-A1 (EP)
Inventor: LOEFGREN LARS
IPC: B32B27/10
Filed: 1998-02-02
Abstract: L'invention concerne un laminé d'emballage comprenant une couche de base (31) en papier et une couche barrière (32) pour gaz disposée sur une face de la couche de base et contenant de la polycétone, la polycétone étant un copolymère linéaire aliphatique de monomère oléfine et de monoxyde de carbone (CO). Le laminé d'emballage a une bonne résistance et les conteneurs d'emballage fabriqués à partir de ce laminé possèdent d'excellentes propiétés barrière pour les gaz et les arômes, ainsi que de bonnes propriétés mécaniques, pour un coût modéré. Le copolymère polycétone est composé de 100 % d'oféfine alternée et d'unités de monoxyde de carbone, de préférence, d'éthylène alterné et d'unités de monoxyde de carbone et jusqu'à environ 15 % en poids d'unités α-oléfine avec 3 à 12 atomes de carbone. La polycétone peut également être mélangée à un autre polymère thermoplastique tel que de la polyoléfine, et est incorporée au mélange dans une quantité de 1 à 99, de préférence, 30 à 70 % en poids. La couche barrière (32) pour gaz peut être liée à la couche de base (31) au moyen d'une couche adhésive (35) d'un polymère promoteur d'adhésion ou bien d'une couche par laminage (34) d'un thermoplastique et d'une couche adhésive (35) intercalée entre la couche thermoplastique et la couche barrière des gaz. Au moins une couche intérieure (33'), réalisée en plastique étanche aux liquides, peut être appliquée sur la face opposée à la couche barrière des gaz, constituant ainsi la couche intérieure d'un conteneur d'emballage produit à partir du laminé d'emballage, au moyen d'une couche d'adhésion (36) interadjacente.
Patent EP-0964851-A1 (EP)
Inventor: DAVIDSEN STEVEN K
IPC: C07D207/323
Filed: 1998-01-07
Abstract: Cette invention concerne des composés à terminaison C qui correspondent à la formule (I). Ces composés consistent en de puissants inhibiteurs de métalloprotéinase matricielle, et peuvent être utilisés dans le traitement de maladies où la métalloprotéinase matricielle joue un rôle. Cette invention concerne également des compositions inhibant la métalloprotéinase matricielle, ainsi qu'un procédé d'inhibition de métalloprotéinase matricielle chez un mammifère.
Patent EP-1042197-A1 (EP)
Inventor: KALM W SCOTT
IPC: B65G17/34
Filed: 1998-01-22
Abstract: L'invention porte sur une trieuse (100) à courroie bidirectionnelle permettant le déchargement d'articles dans un bac sélectionné (210) placé le long d'une voie d'acheminement du système transporteur (200). Cette trieuse comprend un transporteur (10) auquel est fixé un cadre support (70). Le transporteur (10) comprend une courroie (36) permettant le déchargement des articles dans le bac sélectionné (210) placé du côté de la voie d'acheminement du système transporteur (200) ou aligné sur celle-ci. Ce système transporteur (200) comprend un ordinateur principal (250) qui commande la répartition des articles dans les bacs sélectionnés (210).
Patent EP-0966858-A1 (EP)
Inventor: PATRONEN PETRI
IPC: H04W36/08
Filed: 1998-02-25
Abstract: L'invention porte sur un procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un transfert dans un système cellulaire de radiocommunication qui comprend au moins une cellule (Cd) constituée d'au moins deux sous-cellules et dans laquelle toutes les fréquences disponibles sont utilisées de manière dynamique. Chaque cellule (C, Cd) du système cellulaire de radiocommunication comprend au moins une station de base (BTS) communiquant avec des terminaux d'abonnés (MS) situés dans la zone de ladite station de base. Un transfert d'une ancienne cellule vers une nouvelle cellule (Cd) s'effectuant par attribution dynamique de canaux se caractérise par le fait que seuls des créneaux temporels de fréquence porteuse de canal banalisé, incluant des canaux de commande, sont transmis en permanence dans toutes les sous-cellules de la cellule (Cd). Ce procédé permet de réutiliser dynamiquement les canaux de trafic d'une fréquence porteuse de canal banalisé dans les sous-cellules de la cellule (Cd), ce qui améliore la capacité du système.
Patent EP-0960532-A1 (EP)
Inventor: CHIANG TIHAO
IPC: H04N19/147
Filed: 1998-02-11
Abstract: A method and apparatus (100, 300) for selecting a quantizer scale for each frame to optimize the coding rate is disclosed. A quantizer scale is selected for each frame such that the target bit rate for the frame is achieved while maintaining a uniform visual quality over an entire sequence of frames.
Patent EP-0964807-A1 (EP)
Inventor: ZIMMERMANN MICHAEL
IPC: B61D25/00
Filed: 1998-02-18
Abstract: The invention relates to a frame for fastening a flat element, in particular a window pane, to an even or curved wall structure, especially a car body wall, which frame consists of profiled parts and cold-join connecting elements for joining said profiled parts. According to the invention, the profiled parts can be placed against the wall structure, which has a given thickness, from an inner side of said wall structure by means of connecting elements shaped to fit the profiled parts. The difference between the thickness of the frame and that of the wall structure directly results in a predefined recessed contact surface for the flat element in relation to the outer wall structure.
Patent EP-1094980-A1 (EP)
Inventor: SACCHETTI ALFRED D
IPC: B65H35/10
Filed: 1998-03-19
Abstract: L'invention concerne un appareil pour ouvrir et distribuer des sacs plastiques. Cet appareil comprend une armoire extérieure (10) avec un rouleau continu (16) de sacs plastiques séparés par des lignes de soudure et des lignes de perforation ainsi que par des codes à barres. Ces sacs peuvent être distribués lorsque l'utilisateur tire sur un sac exposé, ce qui amène le sac à l'intérieur de l'armoire à se déplacer devant un lecteur de codes barres (30). Un dispositif de serrage (35) et des doigts (39) sont ainsi activés pour pré-ouvrir les sacs et un jet d'air (55) est prévu à l'extérieur de l'armoire, pour ouvrir le sac exposé, qui se situe en dehors de l'armoire. L'utilisateur tire alors le sac ouvert exposé au niveau des perforations. L'appareil peut distribuer automatiquement les sacs lorsque l'utilisateur active l'appareil.
Patent EP-0966647-A1 (EP)
Inventor: KALADGEW ANDRE
IPC: F41G3/06
Filed: 1998-03-11
Abstract: The invention concerns a telescopic rifle sight for individual weapon equipped with at least one step micro-motor designed to vary the angle of the sight relative to the axis of the weapon and the initial axis of aim, thereby adequately varying the whole sight assembly and thus varying the original position of the sight reticle from the original point of aim to the required point of aim.
Patent EP-0968341-A1 (EP)
Inventor: SCHWOERER ARTUR
IPC: E04G1/15
Filed: 1998-03-18
Abstract: The invention relates to a dismountable scaffolding with vertical struts and horizontal struts. A base plate extends between said struts and is provided with hook-shaped end fittings on each front face. Said base plate can be placed on a rail section in such a way that vertical locking or unlocking can be selectably achieved by sliding the end fitting in the direction of the rail section. Horizontal antislip locking is achieved and cancelled by raising the end fitting, thereby preventing said fitting from sliding into an inactive vertical locking position when it is in an active vertical position.
Patent EP-1012053-A1 (EP)
Inventor: BLOW ANDREW OSBORNE
IPC: B65D17/00
Filed: 1998-04-14
Abstract: An easy open can end is formed of an aluminium alloy, having a thickness of 0.22 mm or less, and having a proof strength of 250 N/mm2 or less. The can end may typically be formed of 5052 alloy heat treated to H44 temper, typically providing a proof strength of 205 N/mm2. The can end is suitable for non-carbonated products, particularly hot-fill products in which the can end is reformed after filling.
Patent EP-0966589-A1 (EP)
Inventor: FISCHER BERND
IPC: E05F11/48
Filed: 1998-03-04
Abstract: Eine Seilumlenkrolle (10) eines Seilfensterhebers mit einer Antriebseinheit (1), einer Führungsschiene (5) für einen mit einer Fensterscheibe (7) und einem Seil (4) verbundenen Mitnehmer (6) und Seil-Umlenkrollen (8, 9) mit einer Führungs- oder Laufrille (12) für das Seil (4) weist zur leichteren, schnelleren und seilschonenderen Montage in axialer Richtung neben der Laufrille (12) eine Montagerille (14) auf, die einen der Achse (15) der Seilumkenkrolle (10) benachbarten Bereich (16) und einen der Laufrille (12) benachbarten Bereich (17) enthält, über den das Seil von der Montagerille (14) in die Laufrille (12) gezogen wird.
Patent EP-0973956-A1 (EP)
Title: Substrate body with a protective coating
Inventor: SEITZ KATHARINA
IPC: C23C4/10
Filed: 1998-03-24
Abstract: This invention concerns a substrate body with a protective coating of at least 95 wt.-% titanium boride. The coating has an oxygen content less than or equal to 1 wt.-%, a metallic impurity content less than or equal to 0.5 wt.-%, and a specific electrical resistance of less than or equal to 10 νΦ . m  at room temperature.
Patent EP-1018664-A1 (EP)
Inventor: KONDO KATSUMI
IPC: G02F1/1339
Filed: 1998-05-08
Abstract: In one pixel a stepped difference portion having an
inclination degree a/b is formed on an alignment control
layer, the alignment control layer is made of a material in
which a liquid crystal alignment ability is enable to is
given according to a polarization light radiation, and
according to the polarization light radiation the liquid
crystal alignment ability is added at a vicinity of the
stepped difference portion. A thick and transparent
organic high molecular layer is intervened between the
alignment control layer and a substrate and a close
adhesion characteristic and a transparency characteristic
can be compatible with. Accordingly, a problem in which a
manufacture margin in an alignment processing is narrow can
be solved, and a generation of a display failure according
to a fluctuation of an initial alignment direction can be
reduced, and in particular a large size liquid crystal
display apparatus having a high quality in which a contrast
ratio is heightened can be provided.
Patent EP-0933183-A1 (EP)
Inventor: MORI FUJIO
IPC: B29C45/14
Filed: 1998-07-21
Abstract: A foil-decorating sheet (4) comprised by a
laminated film of two or more kinds of films which is to be
set in an injection mold (5, 6) for being integrally bonded
to a surface of a molding resin (10), wherein after a foil-decorating
is made, a bonding surface-side film (3) of the
laminated film which is bonded to the molding resin (10)
has a peel strength of not less than 1 kgf / inch width at
least at an interface between the surface film (3) of the
laminated film bonded to the molding resin (10) and the
molding resin (10), and wherein at least a transparent
acrylic film (1) is laminated on the bonding surface-side
film (3) bonded to the molding resin, with a decorative
layer (2) formed between the bonding surface-side film (3)
bonded to the molding resin and the acrylic film (1).
Patent EP-0998468-A1 (EP)
Inventor: MENKE OLAF
IPC: A01N43/80
Filed: 1998-07-20
Abstract: Substituierte 3-Phenylisoxazoline der Formel (I), deren Salze und Enolether als Herbizide, wobei X = -O-, -S-, -N(R<9>)-; R<1> = CN, C1-C4-Alkyl, C1-C4-Halogenalkyl, C1-C4-Halogenalkoxy, C1-C4-Alkylsulfonyl; R<2> = H oder gegebenenfalls substituiertes C1-C6-Alkyl, (C1-C6-Alkyl)carbonyl, C1-C6-Alkylsulfonyl, C2-C6-Alkenyl, (C2-C6-Alkenyl)carbonyl, C2-C6-Alkinyl, (C2-C6-Alkinyl)-carbonyl; R<3> = H, Halogen; R<4> = CN, Halogen, C1-C3-Halogenalkyl; R<5> = H, CN, Halogen, C1-C3-Halogenalkyl; R<6> = H, CN, Halogen, C1-C3-Halogenalkyl oder gegebenenfalls subst. C1-C6-Alkoxy; R<7> = CN, Halogen; R<8> an  alpha , wobei R<7> dann an  beta  steht, oder an  beta , wobei R<7> dann an  alpha  steht; 1) H, OH, SH, CN, NO2, Halogen, C1-C6-Alkyl, C1-C6-Halogenalkyl, C1-C6-Halogenalkoxy, C1-C6-Halogenalkylthio, C1-C6-Alkylthio-(C1-C6-alkyl)-carbonyl, (C1-C6-Alkyl)iminooxycarbonyl, C1-C6-Alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-Alkoxyamino-C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-Alkoxy-C1-C6-alkylamino-C1-C6-alkyl, 2) gegebenenfalls substituiertes C1-C6-Alkoxy, C1-C6-Alkylthio, C3-C6-Cycloalkoxy, C3-C6-Cycloalkylthio, C2-C6-Alkenyloxy, C2-C6-Alkenylthio, C2-C6-Alkinyloxy, C2-C6-Alkinylthio, (C1-C6-Alkyl)carbonyloxy, (C1-C6-Alkyl)carbonylthio, (C1-C6-Alkoxy)carboxyloxy, (C2-C6-Alkenyl)carbonyloxy, (C2-C6-Alkenyl)carbonylthio, (C2-C6-Alkinyl)carbonyloxy, (C2-C6-Alkinyl)carbonylthio, C1-C6-Alkylsulfonyloxy oder C1-C6-Alkylsulfonyl, 3) 29 weitere Reste; R<9> = H, C1-C6-Alkyl, C3-C6-Cycloalkyl, C3-C6-Alkenyl, C3-C6-Alkinyl, C1-C6-Alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl, (C1-C6-Alkoxy)carbonyl-C1-C6-alkyl, (C3-C6-Alkenyloxy)carbonyl-C1-C6-alkyl, gegebenenfalls substituiertes Phenyl oder Phenyl-C1-C6-alkyl.
Patent EP-1012914-A1 (EP)
Inventor: D HULSTER FREDDY
IPC: H01R4/18
Filed: 1998-07-29
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft einen einstückig aus einem Metallstreifen gefertigten Steckkontakt (10) mit einem nadelförmig ausgebildeten Kontaktteil (12) und mit einem Anschlußteil (16) zum Anschließen einer elektrischen Leitung (18), wobei zwischen dem Kontaktteil (12) und dem Anschlußteil (16) ein Führungsteil (14) angeordnet ist. Das Führungsteil (14) ist kastenförmig mit dreieckförmigem Querschnitt ausgebildet und eine Flachseite des Führungsteils (14) ist im Abstand parallel zur ursprünglichen Streifenebene angeordnet.
Patent EP-1025553-A1 (EP)
Inventor: MONAHAN BRIAN
IPC: H01Q7/00
Filed: 1998-09-03
Abstract: An RFID antenna system is described, comprising an elongated antenna (12) proximate an interrogation path (A1-A4) for interrogating transponders (10) moving along the interrogation path. The antenna (12) is oriented such that the longitudinal axis of the antenna is substantially perpendicular to said interrogation path. The antenna provides an active RF interrogation zone that intersects at least 40 % of the horizontal longitudinal plane of the interrogation path.
Patent EP-1027727-A1 (EP)
Inventor: HOFER EBERHARD P
IPC: H01L21/02
Filed: 1998-10-01
Abstract: The invention relates to a microactuator mounted on a thermally insulating layer (2) and comprising a resistance layer (4) of doped diamond. This resistance layer has an electric supply lead and electric end lead (9).
Patent EP-1036565-A1 (EP)
Inventor: KAGECHIKA HIROYUKI
IPC: A61P3/08
Filed: 1998-12-04
Abstract: Medicaments comprising a compound represented by the following formulas:
 
wherein, R 1  represents hydrogen atom or a C 1-6  alkyl group; R 2  and R 3  represent
hydrogen atom or a C 1-6  alkyl group, or R 2  and R 3  may combine together with the
carbon atoms of the phenyl ring to which R 2  and R 3  bind to represent a 5- or
6-membered ring; R 4  represents hydrogen atom, a C 1-6  alkyl group, a C 1-6  alkoxyl
group etc.; R 5  represents hydrogen atom, a C 1-6  alkyl group, or an aryl-substituted
C 1-6  alkyl group; R 6  represents hydrogen atom or a C 1-6  alkyl group; X represents
-NR 7 -, -NO-, -O- etc. in which R 7  represents hydrogen atom, a C 1-6  alkyl group etc.;
and Y represents a phenylene group or a pyridinediyl group, which are useful for
preventive and therapeutic treatments of diabetes and complications of diabetes.
Patent EP-1042486-A1 (EP)
Inventor: SMIRNOFF NICK
IPC: C12N9/90
Filed: 1998-12-23
Abstract: L'invention concerne une enzyme, la L-galactose déshydrogénase, et notamment une enzyme qui catalyse la conversion du L-galactose en L-galactonolactone.
Patent EP-1047827-A1 (EP)
Inventor: LIU JIYIN
IPC: C12N9/42
Filed: 1998-12-17
Abstract: A method for continuously biopolishing cellulose-containing fabrics is disclosed. This method involves (a) contacting the fabric with a cellulase having low affinity for cellulose and (b) subjecting the contacted fabric to high temperature. Treatment of the cellulose-containing material may be carried out as an additional step or a combined step with chemical preparation, dyeing, printing and finishing. This treatment results in excellent pilling performance, minimal loss in fabric strength and weight, and better wettability.
Patent EP-1037539-A1 (EP)
Inventor: DANGIN MARTIAL
IPC: A23L29/20
Filed: 1998-11-12
Abstract: The process for accelerating the speed of protein substance digestion comprises treating the protein substance with a transglutaminase and mixing with anionic polysaccharides. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) the use of a rapidly digestible protein substance which has been integrated into rats of 140-200 g conducted by the removal of integrated nitrogen present in the digestive tract in less than 70 minutes for the preparation of a food composition/pharmaceutical for oral administration to a mammal to: (a) modulate the post-fed state protein substance gain; (b) reduce the problems linked to gastrointestinal motility disorders; (c) reduce the nausea sensations experienced by pregnant women; and/or (d) limit the risks of regurgitation and/or gastro-esophogal reflux; the protein substance has been treated, prior to being altered to slow digestible proteins that initially contained rapidly digestible proteins has substantially conserved the same molecular weight; and (2) a food or pharmaceutical composition comprising anionic polysaccharides and protein substance treated with a transglutaminase.
Patent EP-1047691-A1 (EP)
Inventor: GASTER LARAMIE MARY
IPC: C07D471/04
Filed: 1998-12-02
Abstract: L'invention concerne des composés représentés par la formule (I) ou un de leurs sels, dans laquelle Ra est sélectionné dans un groupe représenté par la formule (i), (ii) ou (iii); L représente un groupe de formule -Y-C(=O)-DG- ou -C(=O)-DG- ou -DG-C(=O)- dans lesquelles Y représente -NH-, NR5, R5 représentant alkyle C¿1?-C6, ou représente -CH2 ou -O-; D représente azote, carbone ou un groupe CH, G représente hydrogène ou alkyle C1-C6 à condition que D représente azote ou un groupe CH, ou G avec R?b1¿ constitue un groupe W dans lequel W représente (CR16R17)t dans laquelle t est 2, 3 ou 4 et R?16 et R17¿ représentent indépendamment hydrogène ou alkyle C¿1?-C6 ou W représente (CR?16R17)¿u-J dans laquelle u est 0, 1, 2 ou 3 et J représente oxygène, soufre, CR?16=CR17, CR16=N, =CR16O, =CR16¿S ou =CR16-NR17 à condition qu'u ne soit pas 0 quand J représente oxygène ou soufre; X représente azote ou carbone; R?b1, Rb2 et Rb3¿ représentent indépendamment hydrogène, halogène, hydroxy, alkyle C¿1?-C6, alkényle C2-C6, cycloalkyle C3-C6, trifluorométhyle, alkoxy C1-C6 ou aryle, ou R?b1¿ et G constituent un groupe W défini ci-dessus; Rc représente hydrogène ou alkyle C¿1?-C6 et représente une liaison simple quand X représente azote ou une liaison simple ou double quand X représente carbone, ces composés exerçant une activité pharmacologique, des procédés servant à les préparer, des compositions les contenant et leur utilisation afin de traiter des maladies du système nerveux central.
Patent EP-1033581-A1 (EP)
Inventor: RIEK ROLAND DR
IPC: G01N24/12
Filed: 1999-02-18
Abstract: A method for performing polarization transfer in NMR experiments with
coupled spin ½ nuclei I and S being irradiated by a sequence of rf pulses
comprising a first 90° pulse exciting the spins of the nuclei I and after a
delay time a further 90° pulse exciting the spins of the nuclei S is
characterized in that there is no inversion pulse acting on the spins of the
nuclei S during a time period T between the first 90° pulse exciting the
spins of the nuclei I and either the further 90° pulse exciting the spins of
the nuclei S or a second 90° pulse acting on the spins of the nuclei I, and
that the length of the time period T is chosen such that
 d/dT [  sin h   R C T  + sin πJ IS T    exp(-R I T) ] 
is minimized, where
   R C  is the transverse cross-correlation-relaxation rate of nuclei I ,   R I  is the total transverse relaxation rate of nuclei I  
and J IS  is the scalar coupling constant between nuclei I and S. 
     This provides a novel polarization transfer element which can be used as a
"building block" for a great variety of complex NMR experiments including
macromolecules with molecular weights far beyond 100000 and yielding
higher sensitivity in comparison with methods according to the state of the
art such as INEPT.
Patent EP-0942048-A1 (EP)
Inventor: PHAN LIEN
IPC: C08F2/22
Filed: 1999-03-08
Abstract: The invention relates to an emulsion polymerization process for
preparing a latex binder for use in paint. The process involves reacting a
water-soluble or water-dispersible polymerizable surfactant having a terminal
allyl amine moiety with at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and
ionic monomer at a pH from about 2 to about 7. Significantly lower levels of
the polymerizable surfactants are required to control the latex particle size
and to stabilize the latex particles at high solids content as compared to the
amount of conventional anionic surfactants used to stabilize a latex.