Patent GB-190825844-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Electric Lighting or Heating Systems, especially applicable to Train Lighting.
Inventor: CROUCH JOHN PEACHEY
Filed: 1908-11-30
Granted: 1910-02-28
Abstract: 25,844. Crouch, J. P., and Etchells, J. Nov. 30. Distributing ; switches.-The variable-speed dynamo of an electric lighting system is connected to, and disconnected from, the lighting circuit and a battery or batteries by means of an electro-magnetic switch apparatus, the circuits of which are controlled by an elect r o - magnetic or mechanical reversing-switch. When two batteries are employed and the dynamo is disconmcted, the lastcharged battery is connected d in parallel with the second battery through a resistance; and when the dynamo is reconnected the lastcharged battery is placed in parallel with it, the resistance being then cut out. In the two - battery a r - rangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2<a>, the shunt windings b of the switches A, A' are controlled by an electro-magn e t i c reversing- switch j. The switches A, A' are also provided with series windings c, which assist the s h u n t windings, while their cores d actuate movable contacts e, f, D and e, f, E respectively, and a change-over switch n, n<1>, n<2>. The armature k, k<1> of the reversing- switch j is held in its mid-position by means of a permanent magnet m<1>, or an electro-magnet. As shown, the switch A has been last operated, and the dynamo Z is rotating at a speed below that required to connect it to the working circuit. The batteries K, K<1> are then connected in parallel to the lamps as follows:- (1) battery K, main B, contact n<1>, terminal o, conductor c<3>, resistance switch D, D', conductor p, switch E, E', conductor c<1>, resistance o<3>, conductor c', contacts n<2>, n and conductor a<3>; (2) battery K<1>, main B', contacts n<2>, n and lead a<3>. If the switch A<1> has been last operated, the battery K<1> is placed in parallel with the battery K through the resistance o<3>. Upon the dynamo being rotated in the positive direction, the magnet j acts to connect the solenoid winding b of the switch A across the dynamo terminals, and, when the required voltage is attained, the switch A operates to connect the dynamo Z to the lead B and open the resistance switch D, D<1>. The circuits are then as follows :- (1) dynamo terminal X, conductor g<2>, contacts 1, e, 2, series winding c, lead B, battery K, conductors a', q<3>, contacts 4, f, 3, fuse h, and conductor q', to dynamo terminal Y ; (2) dynamo terminal X, conductor g', contacts 1, e, 2, series winding c, lead B, contact n, terminal O, resistance o<2>, terminal o', contact n', conductor a<3>, lighting circuit a, conductor q<3> and so on. During this period, the battery K<1> is connected to the lamp circuit by lead B', contacts n<2>, n, and conductors a<3> and a<1>. When the dynamo voltage falls, the dynamo is disconnected and the batteries connected as above. When the dynamo is rotated in the reverse direction, the reversing-switch places the winding b of the switch A<1> across the dynamo, and, when the voltage of the dynamo rises to a predetermined amount, the switch A' operates to connect the dynamo Z to the battery K' and the lamp circuit a, while the battery K is connected as a regulating-battery. In the arrangement shown in Figs. 2<a> and 3, the electro-magnetic reversing-switch j is replaced by a mechanical reverser, mounted upon the dynamo shaft and consisting of contact fingers s', s<2> arranged to work between six contacts t<1> to t<6>, which are arranged to govern the connexions of the field winding u of the dynamo and the windings b of the switches A, A<1>. In the single battery arrangement shown in Fig. 5, the resistance switches D, D', E, El are dispensed with, and the switches A, A<1> provided with spring-controlled pivoted armatures v, v<1> adapted, when in engagement with their respective fixed contacts n<1>, n<2>, to short-circuit the resistance o<2>. When either the switch A or A' has operated, the corresponding arm v or v<1> opens the shortcircuit about the resistance o<2>, and the lamp circuit a is connected through the resistance o<2> to the dynamo Z as follows :-(1) dynamo terminal X; contacts 1, e, 2, series winding c, lead B, battery K<1>; leads a', q<3>, contacts 4, f, 3, fuse A, lead q<4>, terminal Y ; (2) dynamo terminal X, contacts 1, e, 2, series winding c, lead B, resistance o<2>, lead a<3>, lamps a, and so on as above. In this arrangement, the electro-magnetic reversing-switch j may be replaced by a mechanical reverser, and the armature v, v<1> may be attached to the cores d instead of being spring-controlled.