Patent ES-309010-A1 (ES)
Title: Apparatus for the separation of granular materials
IPC: G05D16/06
Filed: 1965-02-05
Abstract: In an ore separating table comprising an elongated container with a porous deck spaced from its bottom and supporting the ore particles there are provided means for reciprocating the deck in its own plane in 'the direction of its length and means for producing an upward and downward flow of fluid, e.g. air or water, through the porous deck, the deck reciprocating cycle and the fluid pulsing cycle being of the same duration but bearing a definite phase relation to each other. In Fig. 2, a container 21 having a porous deck is reciprocated by a head motion 22 in which a bar 23 connected to the container is reciprocated by means of a rotary drive shaft 24 through eccentric means and linkages, Fig. I (not shown) and Division F2, so that the transition from forward to backward stroke is comparatively sudden whereas the transition from backward to forward stroke is comparatively slow, the forward stroke being the movement in the direction in which the ore particles move on the deck. The shaft 24 drives a sprocket 25 connected via a chain 26 to a sprocket 27 carrying an eccentric pin 30 drivingly connected via a rod 21, a bell-crank lever 32, 34 and a rod 35 to a diaphragm 20 which imparts pulsations to a mass of water contained between the porous deck and the bottom of the container 21. Adjustment of pivotable pairs of jocket pulleys 28, 29 allows the phase relationship between the drive of the container and that for the pulsing diaphragm to be altered. Alternatively, a wheel carrying the eccentric pin 30 is driven from the shaft 24 by differential gearing incorporating a manually adjustable drive knob for effecting phase adjustment. In order to prevent movement of the mass of water together with the container as the latter is reciprocated and thereby avoid the formation of standing waves in the mass of water which interfere with the pulses generated therein, the container 112 Fig. 3 (not shown) which is supported on deflectable mountings 113 and contains a porous deck 111, has its end walls constituted by stationary diaphragm-pistons 115 Figs. 4 to 6 (not shown), which due to their flexibility allow the container to reciprocate without movement of the mass of water. Pulses are applied by diaphragms 118 worked by linkage from a head 119 connected to the main drive 117. In another embodiment, Fig. 7 (not shown), the water is immobilised by baffles 125, 126 respectively supported by a rod 129 and a tube 127 which do not partake in the reciprocating movement of the container 112 but which may be moved towards and away from each other by a subsidiary drive 132 synchronised and phased with the drive 117 so as to import the necessary pulses to the water. Alternatively. the baffles may be fixed to the base 114 and the pulses applied by diaphragms in the container bottom. In a further embodiment, Fig. 8 (not shown), the space below the deck 111 is divided into a number of compartments each provided with a pulsing diaphragm 118 which may be hydraulically actuated through pipes 135 by a piston 137 whose motion is synchronised and phased with the main drive 117. In a still further embodiment, Fig. 10 (not shown), diaphragms 138 adjacent the end walls of the tank 112 have a separate drive mechanism 139 with relative stroke and phase adjustment and are moved in such a manner that they prevent movement of the water with the container. In a modification, Fig. 11 (not shown). the bottom ends of the container have sloping ends, the diaphragms 140 having the same function as the diaphragms 138 of Fig. 10. In a last embodiment, Fig. 12 (not shown), the container 112 is stationary and the porous deck 111 is reciprocated. Inflatable rubber tubes 142, 143 provide seals between the deck and the container. Sealing may also be effected by flexible diaphragms along the sides normal to the direction of motion and by labyrinth seals parallel to the direction of motion. Movement of the deck in any of the embodiments may alternatively be of the symmetric or simple harmonic type. The pulsing flow of the fluid may be sinusoidal and may have a net upward or downward flow superimposed on it to increase the amplitude of the upward flow in relation to the downward flow or vice versa.