baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1470117-A (GB)
Title: Timepiece including means for the maintenance and control of the oscillations of a balance wheel
IPC: G04F5/10
Filed: 1974-07-15
Abstract: 1470117 Electronic timepieces EBAUCHES S A 15 July 1974 [19 July 1973] 31209/74 Heading G3T In a timepiece, an electronic circuit senses the amplitude of oscillation of a balance wheel, compares it with a reference amplitude value and any difference is used to control the width of drive pulses so as to maintain the oscillation amplitude constant. As shown Fig. 1, in the case of a balance carrying one pair of magnets, the positive halfcycles of voltage U 1  induced in a stationary coil by movement of the balance, are used as a measure of said amplitude. Drive pulses M are added only during negative half-cycles, i.e. one drive pulse/ cycle. An error signal is derived from the difference between the induced voltage amplitude during positive half cycles and a reference voltage level U O  and is used to vary a voltage level U C  which controls the drive pulses widths and hence regulates the oscillation amplitude. When the negative halfcycle crosses below level U C  a drive pulse is initiated and continues until the induced voltage recrosses this level going positive. An amplifier Al, Fig. 3, responds to negative induced voltage and an amplifier A2 to positive induced voltage at point B. When the potential at point B exceeds V BB  + U O  the amplifier A2 saturates a transistor T3 so that a current source I1 charges a capacitor 3 thus modifying the voltage level U C  and the duration of the drive pulses. When the potential at B is less than V BB -U C  the amplifier Al emits current which saturates a transistor T 1  thus passing a drive pulse through coil 1 and the potential at B drops to zero. The drive pulse would continue even if there was no induced voltage and to prevent this T 1  is periodically blocked by a transistor T 2  which receives pulses H of duration T 1  and period T 2  from a pulse generator 4. Thereby the drive pulse is modulated to produce a drive pulse train M, Figs. 1 and 4, having a duration T. Once interrupted the drive pulse will be reinstated provided that in the meantime the induced voltage has not become more positive than level U C . Thus increase in oscillation amplitude results in increase of level Uc and a reduction in period T and hence a reduction in energy applied to the balance. In another embodiment, Figs. 7 and 8 (not shown) the balance wheel drive is synchronized to pulses (F) derived from a quartz crystal controlled oscillator (10) by a frequency divider (11). The pulses F have a frequency corresponding to the normal oscillation frequency of the balance and the reference voltage level U O  is varied as a function of the phase difference between the pulses F and the balance oscillations.
Patent GB-1440016-A (GB)
Title: Projection screens
IPC: G03B21/60
Filed: 1973-06-30
Abstract: 1440016 Optical unit; projection screen H SHIBAHARA 30 June 1973 31260/73 Headings G2J and G2X An optical projection screen comprises a number of similar elementary surface units, each unit comprising a transparent body, the front surface of which forms a convex lens surface, a discrete area of light dispersing material individual to each unit, the area being coaxial with the lens and of small dimensions relative to the maximum crosssectional area of the unit normal to the lens axis, and light-absorbing means associated with the rear surface of the units such that for each unit only those rays which are incident on the front surface in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis will after refraction or refraction and internal reflection strike the light-dispersing area so that substantially all of the light from the screen as seen by an observer is emitted from the small dispersing areas whilst incident light entering the units at other angles is either absorbed by the light absorbing means or, if internally reflected does not strike the dispersing area. In the unit shown in Fig. 2, parallel light is reflected on to a diffuser 22 on the front lens surface by a mirror 25 on the rear surface. The mirror may focus light on the diffuser Fig. 14, (not shown). In alternative embodiments the lens may be cylindrical Figs. 4 and 7a, (not shown), and mirror 25 may be elongate (Fig. 7a) or replaced by a diffuser (84) or (84a) Figs. 5 and 11-13, (not shown), so that light is emitted through the rear surface. In order to form a screen the lens are packed side by side Figs. 3 and 6, (not shown), optionally with some lenses overlying others Figs. 8 and 9 (not shown). Alternatively the lenses may be arranged radially Fig. 10 (not shown).
Patent GB-1315480-A (GB)
Title: Electron beam furnaces
IPC: H01J37/305
Filed: 1971-07-05
Abstract: 1315480 Electron beam furnaces AIRCO Inc 5 July 1971 [19 Oct 1970] 31321/71 Heading H1D An electron beam furnace includes one or more electron guns 11, means for directing the beam(s) to the target 13 including one or more pair(s) of bar-shaped polepieces 14 and 15 aligned in a common plane disposed obliquely to the target plane to produce a transverse magnetic field of sufficient strength that the electron beam emerges from the same side of the magnetic field as it enters and the beam being prevented from penetrating past the plane of the polepieces. The field may effect a directional change of between 105 and 165 degrees, and the beam on the hearth is preferably between 30 and 60 degrees from the vertical, while the injection angle may be varied in one or more planes. The polepieces may be mutually parallel and include inwardly slanting portions (Fig. 4, not shown) or dipoles (63) (Fig. 3, not shown) to inhibit edge effects and may be energized by an e.m. coil having a low reluctance core with low reluctance ferromagnetic extensions 52 adjacent ferromagnetic shield 60. The field geometry at polepieoes 14, 15 may effect a focusing action, and the beam may have a larger impact in the flow direction than if undeflected by polepieces 14, 15. Positioning the gun 11 beneath the container inhibits ionization effects due to vaporized material and impairment of gun operation by spilled molten material, and the offset position of the polepieces reduces condensation problems. Skull 19 of solidified material improves purity and is formed by circulating coolant in passages 18, the molten metal flowing from launder (21) (Fig. 2, not shown) to opening (22), and the level may be controlled by a weir. The metal may also be added by tundishes, siphons or ladles. Electron gun 11 includes W wire emitter 23 between supports 24, 25, insulators 27, 28, shaping electrode 26 with elongated recess 29 and at emitter potential, and accelerator 31 comprising 2 rt. angle-extensions producing a ribbon beam at an acute angle in the major axis plane due to the emitter D.C. heating current, and is deflected through 90 degrees by the transverse field of bar shaped polepieces (e.g. 37) and magnets 38, 39, through vapour barrier 42. Also a separate pumping system below the barrier improves the gun environment. Polepieces 61 effect orthogonal deflection to produce beam sweeping across the metal surface and preferably include four solenoid coils rectangularly arranged. Two guns may utilize the same pair of polepieces. Applications instanced are processing of metals, alloys or other materials to attain high purity by outgassing e.g. of steel and Ni base alloys and refractory metals such as columbium, Ta, Ti, Zr, or by avoiding reaction with oxygen or nitrogen or for coating a substrate by vaporization or condensation. Various containers such as tundishes, launders or ladles are considered according to application.
Patent GB-817612-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrical circuit-breaker operating mechanisms
Inventor: ROXBURGH ALBERT
IPC: H01H50/64
Filed: 1955-11-02
Abstract: 817,612. Automatic circuit-breakers; actuation of switches. BRITISH THOMSONHOUSTON CO. Ltd. Jan. 8, 1957 [Nov. 2, 1955], No. 31378/55. Class 38 (5). A circuit-breaker solenoid operating mechanism includes biasing means effective for part of the closing movement before contact make and opposing the movement so as to prevent its continuation unless the solenoid operating voltage is sufficient to complete the operation. The moving contacts 10, 11 on a cross-bar 12 are carried on an operating rod 13 pivoted at 14 to a link 6 which is also pivoted at 7 to a double arm 8 movable about a fixed pivot 9. A lever 2 pivoted at 3 is also pivoted to the link 6 at 4a and has a connection at 4 with a further link 5 operated by the solenoid plunger (not shown). When the solenoid is operated to move the rod 13 toward the position 13<SP>1</SP> the toggle formed by the lever 2 and link 6 is first straightened to move the arm 8 in an anticlockwise direction so that its limbs engage a strip 17 threaded to a rod 18 so as to move it against the bias of a spring 20 mounted between a fixed support 16 and an adjustable disc 19 and a nut 20 on the rod 18. After the toggle 2, 6 passes the dead-centre position the action of the spring 2 assists the closing movement.
Patent GB-362098-A (GB)
Title: Automatic circuit breaker with testing devices for electric circuits
IPC: B60R16/023
Filed: 1930-10-20
Abstract: 362,098. Protective cut-out systems. MAISCH, P., 15, F³rstenwall, Diisseldorf, Germany. Oct. 20, 1930, No. 31379. [Class 38 (v).] A number of circuits in parallel particularly the circuits on a motor car are protected against fault or overload by a single overload circuit breaker 8, the circuits 12 .. 15 being connected on one pole through individual switches 11 and on the other through a common rotary contact segment 24. If a short-circuit develops on any one of the circuits they are all cut out by the action of the circuit-breaker. In order to ascertain which is the faulty circuit, the rotary segment is turned until it no longer engages with any of the contacts 17 .. 21, the circuitbreaker is reclosed by hand and the segment then brought back to close the branch circuits one by one. When the contact corresponding to the faulty circuit is engaged, the circuit-breaker is tripped again thus indicating the faulty circuit. The rotary switch may be arranged on the top of the casing of the circuit-breaker. The armature of the circuit-breaker, which breaks the circuit at 3, 4 on fault, may be arranged to break the circuit by its inertia on sudden variations of speed of the car.
Patent GB-898926-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to solenoid operated fluid flow control valves
IPC: F16K31/06
Filed: 1960-09-12
Abstract: 898,926. Valves. ROSS OPERATING VALVE CO. sept. 12, 1960 [Oct. 5, 1959], No. 31402/60. Class 135. A solenoid-operated valve comprises a poppet valve member 37 formed of two parts 39, 41 secured together and loaded by a spring 46 towards a first valve seat 36 and movable, on energizing a solenoid, into contact with a second seat 35. A T-shaped armature 49 of the solenoid, which includes a U-shaped core 16, carries a guide member 51 to which is secured a pin 53 having a head 55. A collar 56 slidably surrounds the pin and a helical spring 58 is located between the collar and guide urging the collar into contact with the movable valve member 37 and the head 55 of the pin 53 into contact with the collar whereby a gap is formed between the head 55 and the valve member 37. The spring 58 is of greater strength than the spring 46 such that on energizing the solenoid, the armature moves downwards and through the spring 58 moves the valve member on to seat 35 after which, further movement of the armature compresses the spring 58, the gap between the head 55 and valve member in the de-energized position being sufficient to allow full movement of the armature. On de-energizing the solenoid, the armature moves upwards under the action of spring 58 until the upper side of head 55 contacts the collar after which, the valve member 17 and armature move under the action of spring 46 until the valve member contacts the upper seat 36. The valve closure member is formed by a resilient member 45 formed on a flange 44 and controls the supply and exhaust of fluid to and from an outlet port.
Patent GB-514547-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in supply systems for high-voltage high-frequency apparatus
IPC: H05B6/06
Filed: 1938-10-31
Abstract: 514,547. Supply systems for high frequency apparatus. KIKUCHI, H. Oct. 31, 1938, No. 31490. Convention date, Nov. 22, 1937. [Class 38 (iv)] An induction heater 11, connected in the primary circuit of a system comprising a low or medium frequency generator D supplying a high frequency capacitative load such as an ore disintegrating furnace 1 through a step-up transformer T having a high frequency oscillatory circuit connected to its secondary, replaces the inductance normally fitted for stabilization and power-factor correction. A switch S periodically interrupts the supply to the disintegrating furnace. Modifications show means for adjusting the inductance of the primary circuit either by a variable inductance in addition to the inductance heater or by an adjustable air-gap in a coretype induction heater. Other modifications show a balancing circuit comprising variable resistance, inductance and capacity arranged in series or parallel in the primary circuit to facilitate the establishment of unity power factor with a series or parallel-connected induction heater. In a further modification the induction heater and balancing circuit are connected to a separate tertiary winding on the transformer. The primary may be supplied from a transmission line through a transformer. The oscillatory circuit is described and operating details are given for an ore disintegrating furnace.
Patent GB-655960-A (GB)
Title: Improved electromagnetic apparatus for measuring distances
IPC: G01S17/32
Filed: 1948-12-06
Abstract: 655,960. Radiolocation. BERGSTRAND, E. O. Dec. 6, 1948, No. 31527. Convention date, Dec. 4, 1947. [Class 40 (vii)] [Also in Group XL (b)] Apparatus for measuring the distance between two points comprises at one point a transmitter 1 of audio-frequency modulated light waves 3 and a receiver 6 to receive reflected waves 5 from the second point 4 which are fed to a photo cell 7 whose sensitivity is also modulated with the same audio frequency, so that the resultant current has a D.C. component which is a cyclic function of the distance between the two points, whose approximate distance apart must first be known. To obtain a zero reading on the D.C. meter a second receiver may be provided whose sensitivity is modulated preferably at 180 degrees with the first receiver, the difference between the two receiver outputs being a sine wave whose period can be varied by varying the common modulation frequency to give a zero reading for any particular distance. A single receiver may be used in which the polarity of the sensitivity modulation is reversed periodically. The transmitted waves may be infrared or radio frequency, and the modulating frequencies at the transmitter and receiver may be complex with at least one common frequency.
Patent GB-648155-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to furniture and like castors
IPC: B60B33/00
Filed: 1948-12-07
Abstract: 648,155. Castors. WHEELER, F. W. L. Dec. 7, 1948, No. 31580. [Class 52 (i)] The end of a castor pintle 3 is secured in the base 6a of a hollow box-like foot-receiving member 6 cast in one piece.
Patent GB-153195-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to wheels for perambulators, push chairs, small tricycles, trucks and the like
IPC: B60B27/00
Filed: 1919-12-17
Abstract: 153,195. Jones, F. W., and Jones, B. E. Dec. 17, 1919. Hubs.-The hubs of wheels with plain axle bearings suitable for perambulators, push-chains, toy tricycles and trucks, are formed of a length of tubing a with shouldered ends b on which are placed plain disks c secured by turning up the ends b with or without the addition of welding. The disks c may be flat or slightly dished and the central apertures d may be formed with teeth or serrations.
Patent GB-401109-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tool chucks
IPC: A61B17/16
Filed: 1932-11-09
Abstract: A reciprocating-gripper rotary chuck is used as a surgical p drilling-machine for introducing Kirschner wires into bones.  The wires are provided with a spearhead or drill-point to enable them to function as drills for their introduction into a passage through the bones in the treatment of a fracture, the wires then serving as connectors for applying traction.
Patent GB-511113-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to systems for the production of direct currents at high tension
IPC: H02M7/10
Filed: 1938-11-02
Abstract: 511,113. Rectifying alternating current. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP PHILLIPS GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN. No. 2, 1938, No. 31722. Convention date, Nov. 5, 1937. [Classes 38 (ii) and 38 (iv)] A high tension system, earthed at one pole, for the production of a direct current at a potential of the order of a million volts from alternating current, by means of a system of condensers 3, 4 and rectifying valves 5 built up in column-like manner, is so arranged that the high tension terminal member 7 is situated approximately in the geometric centre of the high tension room. The load 9 which May be an X-ray tube for generating gamma rays or an apparatus for the production of neutrons, is arranged in line with the generator column and on the opposite side of the terminal member 7 as shown. The generator column may be arranged below and the load system above the terminal 7. The potential gradient in the room may be controlled by insulating, metal or metal coated partitions 16, 17, 18 suspended on hemp ropes and connected to suitable points on a high resistance arranged between the terminal 7 and the wall The valves 5 may be so constructed that they can be inserted reversely to change the sign of the potential of 7. The valve cathodes may be heated from a source 25 by a known high frequency system or by generators arranged on the sections 6 intermediate the condensers and driven by a motor at earth potential through insulated shafts. Intermediate electrodes of the X-ray tube 9 may be connected to points on a potentiometer resistance 10 and a further resistance 8 across part of which an electro-' static voltmeter is connected, may be provided. The resistances 8 and 10 and the load 9 may be supported on an earthed metal table 13 under which a radiographic couch 14 can be arranged.
Patent GB-426779-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to vehicle brakes
IPC: B61H13/32
Filed: 1934-11-05
Abstract: 426,779. Vehicle brakes. SVENSKA AKTIEBOLAGET BROMSREGULATOR, 5, Adelgatan, Malm÷, Sweden. Nov. 5, 1934, No. 31761. Convention date, Nov. 16, 1933. [Class 103 (i)] In brake apparatus more particularly for railway vehicles in which the leverage can be varied by means of links 5, 6 connecting brake levers 3, 4, and in which link 5 gives the higher leverage and link 6 is connected to the lever 4 with lost motion which is taken up by a movable abutment 11, Figs. 2 and 5 to bring into action this link 6 for a leverage of a lower order, the abutment is mounted in a housing 9 which is pivoted at 8 on the brake lever and is held in position and guided by an extension 10 of the link 6 which carries an adjustable abutment 12 adapted to coact with the abutment 11. The abutment 11 which is carried on a lever 13 pivoted on a shaft 14 is brought into the operative position shown in Fig. 5 or the inoperative position by means of a spring link 17 which moves to either side of a dead centre position and is operated by a lever 15 and a shaft 14 operated by hand-operated mechanism 20, 22, 23.
Patent GB-878857-A (GB)
Title: Pump and motor unit support, particularly for fuel tanks
IPC: B64D37/16
Filed: 1959-09-17
Abstract: 878,857. Centrifugal pumps. BORG-WARNER CORPORATION. Sept. 17, 1959 [Sept. 22, 1958], No. 31779/59. Class 110 (1). A fuel pump comprising an electric motor E, Fig. 1, driving an impeller 11 is removably inserted into a support B fixed to the bottom wall of a fuel tank T, the inlet 12 and outlet 13 of the pump then communicating with an inlet passage 18 and a discharge scroll 20 respectively, provided in the support B. A sleeve 22, interposed between the pump and the support B, contains ports 47 providing communication between the inlet passage 18 and the inlet 12. The motor current is supplied through a connector plug K. Flanges 39, Figs. 1 and 2, on the pump are bolted to the support B to hold the pump in place. Plates 31 overlying surfaces 44 on the pump casing are carried by shafts 30 projecting through flanges 26 on the sleeve 22 and each carrying a diametrical pin 36, Fig. 3, engaging a pair of grooves 35 formed in the support B. To remove the pump from the support B, bolts 41 are removed and the pump is pulled downwards by means of a collapsible handle J. The engagement of the surfaces 44 with the plates 31 causes the sleeve 22 to move downward with the pump into the position shown in Fig. 4, in which the inlet passage is closed by the sleeve 22. Fuel remaining within the pump may now be drained off by opening a drain 49. The pins 36 are now clear of the grooves 35 and the shafts 30 can now be turned to bring the plates 31 clear of the surfaces 44 and permit the completion of withdrawal of the pump. When the pump is re-inserted into the support B, initial movement brings the flanges 39 into abutment with the end 27 of the sleeve 22. Further movement cannot occur until the shafts 30 have been turned back to their former positions with the pins aligned with the grooves 35.
Patent GB-520507-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to controls for washing, dry-cleaning, bleaching, dyeingand the like machines
IPC: D06F33/04
Filed: 1938-11-03
Abstract: 520,507. Controlling valves of washing, drycleaning, bleaching, dyeing, and like machines. ELVERSTON, G. Nov. 3, 1938, No. 31795. [Class 138 (ii)] In automatic controls for washing, dry-cleaning, bleaching, dyeing and like machines, wherein a float-actuated rising and falling member operates liquid supply valves, 'the member being rotatable step-by-step to give different fillings, the member is arranged both to open and to close the valves. The member 3 counterbalanced by a weight 31, rises and falls by the action of an attached float 2, and in so doing operates by means of projections 22, 25 opening and closing pilot valves 23 26. The projections 22 are detachably mounted on a disc 21, and the projections 25 are adjustable both angularly and axially on the member 3. The mechanism for rotating the member 3 intermittently comprises a drum 9 urged to rotate by a cord 8 pulled by a weight, spring &c. and controlled by a pallet 12 engaging the teeth of a wheel 6 slidably carried by the member 3, the wheel 6 being unidirectionally non-rotatable with the member 3. The pallet 12 is made free of the wheel 6 when the member 3 drops by means of a disc 13 fixed to the member 3 and striking a trip lever 14 coupled to the pallet, the lever having a lost motion connection to prevent actuation when the member 3 rises. The pallet 12 has a handle 17 for manual operation, and may . be adjustable angularly for it to function with two sets of projections 22, 25 to suit two different processes. A hand-operated safety distance piece 32 is adapted to be swung between the wheel 6 and the disc 13 to prevent the descent of the member 3 when it is desired to insert, and remove articles.
Patent GB-520305-A (GB)
Title: Ship construction
IPC: B63C7/30
Filed: 1938-11-04
Abstract: 520,305. Ships' compartments. SPONSLER, J. M. Nov. 4, 1938, No. 31969. [Class 113 (ii)] A ship is provided with a space for a water tight safe which space is connected with the outer shell and the deck by trunk passages which are provided with water tight closure means and which can be entered from outside the ship from an air lock or diving bell. A safe 8 is secured to an intermediate deck and coupled by passages 14 with the outer shell 5 and 6 and the deck 7 respectively. At the connections with these platings there are provided flanged members 11 each carrying a water tight door 12. To the flange a diving bell 25 may be secured by clamps 33 operated by screws 39 from within the diving bell, which also has a water tight door 28 in line with the closure door 12 adjacent to its clamp.