baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-935670-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing unsaturated hydrocarbons
Inventor: WATKINS CHARLES HENRY
IPC: C07C4/04
Filed: 1961-06-12
Abstract: Unsaturated, particularly gaseous, hydrocarbons are obtained by cracking and/or dehydrogenating a preheated hydrocarbon feed at 710 DEG -1150 DEG C. by contact with solid inert particles heated to above the reaction temperature <PICT:0935670/III/1> but not above 1205 DEG C., passing the solids from the reaction zone to a feed preheating zone where they contact the feed and thence to a quenching zone where the reaction effluent is cooled to below 535 DEG C. by contact with the solids and heating the solids by passing with an oxygen-containing gas and combustible material to a solid heating and separating zone.  The feed may be ethane, propane, butane, or a liquid hydrocarbon such as a heavy gasoline or heavy fuel oil or asphalt and is fed by line 1 at 16 DEG -185 DEG C. to preheater 2 where it is contacted with solids at 700 DEG -1140 DEG C. and thereby heated to 440 DEG -900 DEG C.  The hydrocarbon vapours pass by line 4 to reactor 6 where the solid is at 800 DEG -1205 DEG C.; a catalyst bed 7 may also be present, e.g. iron oxide, chromia-alumina, chromiamolybdena, alumina or silica-alumina.  The reaction effluent passes by line 8 into quenching zone 10 which contains solids at 300 DEG -520 DEG C., and products are recovered by line 11. By-pass line 20 controls the quantity of particles entering the quenching zone. The solids are stripped by gas entering through lines 23 and 24 and an oxygen-containing gas is added by line 26 and the mixture passes by line 25 to heating and separating zone 12.  Carbon deposits on the solids may be sufficient for heating but fuel and more oxygen may be added by lines 14 and 15. Combustion gases are separated and the solids are stripped before passing to reaction zone 6.  Suitable solids are sand, corundum, zirconia, nickel, nickel alloys or stainless steel and should be sufficiently small to percolate through the catalyst bed and preferably spherical.
Patent GB-315867-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in transformer tap changing systems
IPC: H01H9/00
Filed: 1929-07-09
Abstract: 315,867. Associated Electrical Industries, Ltd., (Assignees of Hill, L. H.). July 21, 1928, [Convention date]. Transformers. - Tapchanging switches for oilfilled transformers are vertically mounted on a horizontal oil-tight base, an oil-tight housing being secured above the base for immersing the upper portions of the switch in the transformer oil and a removable container being provided below the base for immersing the lower switch portions, including the separable contact members in oil other than that of the transformer tank. As shown in Fig. 1 the tap-changing switches are mounted on a base 14 secured by a flange 15 and bolt 16 to the side of the transformer tank. Above the base 14 is bolted an oiltight casing 23 communicating with the transformer tank so that it is filled with the oil 3, an insulating sheet being provided at the junction of the casing 23 and tank 6. Into the chamber 23 project the switch terminals 26 connected by bars 24, 25 to a terminal board 6 to which tappings 5 of a transformer winding are brought. The switch terminal rods 21 project downwardly through insulating bushings 18, 19, 20 passing through the base 14 and terminate in fixed contacts 46. Pairs of fixed contacts 46 are adapted to be bridged by bridging members 33 carried by vertically-movable rods 45 operated through arms 44 and toggles 43. The toggles are controlled by cams 35 on a shaft 36, the laterally projecting end of which carries a gear wheel 4 operated on a manual or motor operated worm gear. The co-operating switch contacts are immersed in oil 33<1> contained in a detachable container 32 secured below the base 14. As this oil is not in communication with the transformer oil filling the upper container 23 any deterioration caused by the circuit interruptions cannot lower the insulation of the transformer. A casing 42 embodying means for indicating the particular switch in operation may be secured around the switch actuating gear. Adjacent switch members may be separated by insulating partitions 34.
Patent GB-294263-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of thio-semicarbazones of arsenophenol-aldehydes or arsenophenol-ketones
IPC: C07F9/74
Filed: 1928-07-21
Abstract: 294,263. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges. July 21, 1927, [Convention date]. Thiosemicarbazones of arsenophenolaldehydes and -ketones are prepared by treating an oxyaldehydearsinic acid or an oxyketonearsinic acid with thiosemicarbazide before or after its reduction to the arseno compound. The products possess therapeutic properties, and in the form of their alkali compounds are stable in aqueous solution. An example is given of the preparation of 4 : 4<1>-arseno-3 : 3'-dioxybenzaldehyde-thiosemicarbazone from 3-oxybenzaldehyde-4-arsinic acid by both methods, using hypophosphorous acid and hydriodic acid as reducing agent; the sodium compound is obtained by dissolution of the product in caustic soda.
Patent GB-640635-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to installations comprising automatic furnaces
IPC: F23N1/00
Filed: 1945-08-20
Abstract: 640,635. Automatic control systems for mechanically stoked furnaces. RABET, R. A. E. A. Aug. 20, 1945, No. 21241. Convention date, Nov. 11, 1943. [Class 38 (iv)] Temperature control.-Fuel from a hopper 2 trickles into a thermostatically controlled furnace at a rate determined by the removal of ash by a conical revolving plate 3 driven by a motor 9. A bimetallic strip 10 in the chimney opens the motor circuit when the temperature rises beyond a predetermined limit. The motor 9 and a fan motor 8 controlling the draught through the furnace are cut out when boiler temperature rises sufficiently to cause a boiler thermostat 12 to open contacts 13, 15 and contacts 17, 18 and close contacts 13, 19, thus heating bimetallic strip 21 to open the circuit of motor 9 to disable it for a predetermined time after the 'boiler temperature has returned to normal, opened contacts 13, 19, and closed contacts 17, 18. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers also to control of the motors in response to the boiler pressure. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1414610-A (GB)
Title: Devices for collecting cigarettes or similar elongated objects
IPC: A24C5/32
Filed: 1974-05-14
Abstract: 1414610 Cigarette transfer device USINES DECOUFLE 14 May 1974 [18 May 1973] 21241/74 Heading A2C A cigarette transfer device comprising a movable pick-up head, means for moving the head along a closed-circuit path tangent to a horizontal conveyor at the level of a pick-up station and positioned in a vertical plane which is also substantially tangent to one generatrix of a rotary drum at the level of a distributing station, is characterised in that the means for moving the pick-up head are so arranged that its closed-circuit path constitutes an ellipse having a horizontal major axis of which one apex of the inner axis is located at the pick-up station and one apex of the major axis is located at the distributing station. As shown in Figs. 1 to 3 a pair of disc-shaped cams 3a, 3b are disposed on either side of the right-hand end of horizontal channel 1, and rotate in synchronism with a higher velocity than the linear feed velocity of cigarettes 2, which are deposited on horizontal conveyor 4, the relative positions of the cigarettes being unchanged. Collector drum 9 rotatably mounted on shaft 10 parallel to conveyor 4 has spaced longitudinal grooves 11 provided with suction orifices 12 to receive and hold in position cigarettes 2. A crankshaft 30a (Fig. 2) having a throw R 3  has its main shaft mounted in a circular aperture of plate 17a, the aperture being eccentric by an amount R 1  greater than R 2 . A double universal on Hooke's joint transmission 32a is inserted between the inner end of shaft 20a on the one hand the inner end of shaft 33a of the crankshaft 30a, on the other hand. The plane of the diagram of Fig. 4 is perpendicular to axis A of the rotary casing 15a (Fig. 2). In this diagram B o  denotes the upper portion of the path formed on this plane by the axis of crankshaft 30a which describes a circle of radius R 1  in a clockwise direction. However M o  designates the path of crankpin 34a when the axis of this crankpin is plumb to B o , i.e. at a distance R 2  beneath this last mentioned point. Due to the elliptic movement accomplished by receptacle 38a holding cigarette 2 (along the arc M o -M 1  of Fig: 4) the linear horizontal velocity of cigarette 2 driven by pick-up plate 35 is reduced very gradually plate 35 imparting an increasing vertical linear velocity to cigarette 2.
Patent GB-1137606-A (GB)
Title: Electrolytic reduction of uranium hexafluoride to uranium metal in a fused electrolyte
IPC: C25C3/00
Filed: 1967-05-08
Abstract: 1,137,606. Electrolytic reduction of uranium hexafluoride. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. May 8, 1967 [March 16, 1967], No.21318/67. Heading C7B. In a method of electrolytically reducing uranium hexafluoride to uranium, uranium hexafluoride gas is bubbled across a carbon anode 23 immersed in a molten electrolyte 19 composed of uranium tetra-fluoride, lithium fluoride and an alkaline earth fluoride whilst passing direct electric current between said anode and a carbon cathode at which uranium is thus formed. Carbon tetrafluoride gas is formed at the anode. The cell used may, as shown, comprise a graphite anode structure 21 partially submerged in the molten electrolyte contained in a graphite crucible 15 which forms the cathode, the whole being contained within a quartz container 11. The graphite anode structure 21 consists of a round perforated lower plate 23, vertical supports 25, a horizontal collar 27, pipe 47 and sleeve 29. Inert gas, such as argon, containing UF 6  is passed through pipe 39 and graphite pipe 47 to enter the electrolyte via gas outlet 49. The crucible 15 is provided with a gas outlet 59 and a graphite lid 17 above which is positioned thermal insulation 53 of fire brick. The cell is heated by induction coils 55 surrounding the quartz tube.
Patent GB-846757-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in paper position indicators for typewriters and like machines
Filed: 1957-07-05
Abstract: 846,757. Typewriters. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. July 5, 1957 [July 9, 1956], No. 21321/57. Class 100(4) A line indicating and counting device comprises a slidable sleeve 6 mounted for rotation with a platen shaft 2 and which is moved by a knob 12 and detent control 8 to couple and uncouple it with a gear 20 rotatable about the sleeve 6 and which drives an idler gear 28 and an indicating gear 40 past a window 51. The gear 40 is connected by a torsion spring 42 to a cylindrical member 30 which manually presets the device and is held in position by a detent pin 34. If the member 30 is turned in one direction its projecting portion 46 acts against a lug 48 on the indicating gear 40 and turns it in the same direction. Rotation of the member 30 in the opposite direction tends to move the projection 46 away from the lug 48 but the spring 42 holds the lug against the projection so that the gear 40 follows the member 30. The scale may indicate travel of the platen in inches or number of lines typed or the number of lines remaining to be typed.
Patent GB-916006-A (GB)
Title: Pipe couplings
IPC: F16L19/00
Filed: 1961-06-13
Abstract: 916,006. Pipe couplings. RESISTOFLEX CORPORATION. June 13, 1961 [June 20, 1960], No. 21342/61. Class 99(1). ). [Also in Group XXVI]. In a pipe line coupling the members 11, 12 to be coupled are drawn into engagement by an internally screw-threaded coupling nut 10 mounted for rotation on one of the members and co-operating with external screw threads 20 on the other member, and there is provision for effecting relative rotation between the nut and member 12 consisting of a gear-toothed element 25 on the member 12 and screwthreaded operating means carried by the nut for engagement with the element 25 when the nut and member 12 are in screw-threaded engagement. As shown, a split annular gear, or toothed segment 25 is secured in a channel 26 of the member 12, and the operating means comprises a transverse threaded spindle 29 journalled in a housing 31 of the nut 10, the spindle being arranged for tangential meshing with the gear 25 when the nut 10 and member 12 are screw-threadedly engaged; when the threads 30 on the spindle encounter the gear 25, rotation of the spindle advances the nut with respect to the member 12 until the members 11, 12 are about to compress the seal 21, a wrench then being applied to the spindle to continue advancement of the nut until the joint is fully assembled. A reduced portion 17 of the flange 15 on the member 11, allows the nut 10 a degree of eccentric freedom when the part 58 of the nut coincides with that portion and facilitates starting of the nut on the member 12. The seal 21 of hardened steel has a web portion 37 which is positioned in a channel provided by annular recesses 40, 41 in the ends of the members and a rigid portion 48 integral with a pair of diverging, annular resilient lips 49, 50 which form with the portion 48 concave surfaces, the lips, on full tightening of the joint, being deflected inwardly by frustoconical surfaces 52, 53 of the members. Soft metal annuli, e.g. of copper, may be disposed in dovetail section channels of the members and be engaged by the lips of the seal. The metal seal may be replaced by a known resilient seal of rubber.
Patent GB-859971-A (GB)
Title: Control of gas composition
Inventor: PARKINSON ALLAN RHODES
IPC: G05D11/00
Filed: 1958-07-03
Abstract: 859,971. Mixing gases. CRYSELCO Ltd. June 26, 1959 [July 3, 1958], No. 21346/58. Class 86 In an apparatus for adding a secondary enriching or diluent gas to a main flow in such proportions that a characteristic of the mixture, such as the calorific value or the Wobbe index, is kept constant, the secondary supply is controlled by a valve which is responsive both to the rate of flow of the primary gas and to the value of the characteristic. The primary flow is controlled by a valve 1 carried by a diaphragm 3 the underside of which is exposed to the pressure of the gas upstream of .the valve 1, and. the upper side to the downstream pressure through pipe 4. Any increase of pressure will therefore tend to open the valve 1 and also move upwards the valve 6 so that the passages 8, 9 through which the secondary gas supply passes are brought more closely into register. The secondary gas supply may also be adjusted by rotation of the valve 6 by the crank pin and link 11, 12 which are coupled to the device for measuring the relevant characteristic of the mixture. The passages 8, 9 may conveniently be of rectangular cross-section (see Fig. 3, not shown). Printed under the Authority of Her Majesty's Stationery Office by Macaulay's Advertising Service. Ltd. (T.U.), London, E.1.
Patent GB-188404-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B59/00
Filed: 1921-08-12
Abstract: 188,404. Rice, J. V. Aug. 12,1921. Two-stroke-cycle engines; cylinders, construction of, and pipes and passages for. -A double-acting, oscillating-cylinder engine has two annular combustion chambers A, D and two compressing or pump chambers E, F. Mixture enters through a hollow trunnion 47, Fig. 2, and a non-return valve 29 to ports 32 in the upper end of the cylinder. With the piston at the end of the instroke, mixture passes through the ports 33 and passage 35 in the head and pipe 9 in the piston to the lower pump chamber. A charge previously compressed in the pump chamber E passes-with the piston in the position shown-through the pipe 8, passage 38 and ports to the lower combustion chamber, where it is compressed on the down strode and then ignited. The charge drawn into the chamber F is compressed and delivered at the end of the down stroke to the upper combustion chamber through the pipe 9 and ports 33. The ports 33 extend round the piston heads, each of which is channelled to receive a gauze screen 43 entering the ports and held in place by a split ring. At the ends of the combustion chambers are spaced ribs forming an annular chamber a into which the mixture flows; these ribs are chamfered to allow the packing-rings on the piston heads to ride easily into place. There are two sets of packing 39 for each cylinder head, each set consisting of two rings. The cylinder is in two parts held together by the bolts 16. The carburettor is connected to the trunnion 47 by the pipe 26, which enters the trunnion; the pipe serves adjacent cylinders. The piston rod passes through the stuffing-box 24; a plate 12 covering the crank chamber and swinging with the cvlinder has a sleeve 72 surrounding the stuffing-box, a spring 23 holding the plate on the crank case. Cam-controlled compressed-air inlet valves are provided for starting and reversing. In a singleacting engine, mixture enters the hollow piston 51, Fig. 10, on the outstroke and is compressed therein on the Instroke passing to the annular combustion chamber 62 through the ring of ports 64; these ports have gauze screens as described above.
Patent GB-1111311-A (GB)
Title: Dihydroxy azonia anthracene and dihydroxy diazonia pentaphene salts and diesters thereof
IPC: G03C5/30
Filed: 1965-05-20
Abstract: The invention comprises (a) compounds of the formula <FORM:1111311/C2/1> wherein R4 is H, alkyl or aryl except where one R4 is t-butyl or isopropyl the other is hydrogen, and X(-) is an anion; (b) compounds of the formula <FORM:1111311/C2/2> wherein R4 is H, alkyl or aryl and X(-) is an anion; and (c) salts of 4a-, 8a-diazoniapentaphene-6,7-diol of the formula <FORM:1111311/C2/3> wherein X(-) is an anion, and the diesters of the salts of the above formulae with C1- 4 aliphatic carboxylic acids. The above compounds of Formulae I, II and III may be prepared by cyclising, in the presence of a cyclodehydrating agent, a diester formed from a C1- 4 aliphatic carboxylic acid and (i) hydroquinone having a 1 - azonia - 2 - (11,31 - dioxolan - 21 - yl) benzyl salt substituent at the 2-position and the substituents R4 at the 5- and 6-positions; or (ii) catechol having a 1-azonia-2-(11,31 -dioxolan-21-yl) benzyl salt substituent at the 3-position and the substituents R4 at the 5- and 6-positions; or (iii) a 3,6-bis [11-azonia-21-(111,311-dioxolan - 211 - yl)benzyl] catechol salt respectively, and exchanging, if necessary, the anion of the cyclised product for the required anion X(-).  The cyclodehydrating agent is preferably a strong, non-oxidizing mineral acid employed in an aqueous or C1- 4 alkanoic acid solution and the cyclodehydration reaction is suitably effected under atmospheric pressure at a temperature of 15 DEG  C. up to the decomposition temperature of the desired product.  The diesters of the compounds of the above Formulae I, II and III may be obtained by esterifying the corresponding diol with a C1- 4 aliphatic carboxylic anhydride by conventional methods.
Patent GB-484692-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in variable speed gear devices
IPC: F16H29/04
Filed: 1936-08-04
Abstract: 484,692. Variable-speed and reversing gearing. BERLIN, D. W. Aug. 4, 1936, No. 21505. Void. Convention date, Nov. 5, 1935. [Class 80 (ii)] In variable-speed and reversing ratchet gearing, variations in speed are effected by angular displacements of a helical sleeve 15, Fig. 1, on the driving-shaft 1, and changes in direction of drive by angular displacements of a second helical sleeve 19 on the driven shaft 5. This speed variation is effected by the turning in unison of outer eccentrics 3, Fig. 4, relatively to inner eccentrics 2 which are integral with the shaft 1. The loose eccentrics 3 are connected together by pins 24, which they carry, engaging radial slots 23 in loose discs 4 between the eccentrics. There is an end disc 4a, Fig. 1, rigid with the sleeve 15 which sleeve has helical slots 25 engaged by pins 16 which pass through the slots 25 into straight slots 26 in the shaft 1. The pins 16 are carried by a fork 17 which is moved axially by manual means to vary the throw of the driving eccentrics and so to vary the speed imparted to the shaft 5 by oscillating levers 6 with one-way grip rollers. The direction of grip of the rollers is reversed when the sleeve 19 which carries the roller cages is displaced angularly the other way by the axial sliding of pins 20 engaging helical and straight slots 27, 28 and carried by a manual fork 21.
Patent GB-1001369-A (GB)
Title: Novel coating composition
IPC: C09D5/16
Filed: 1962-06-04
Abstract: An anti-fouling marine coating comprises an acrylic or vinyl paint base, a solvent, and an organotin compound R3SnX, where R is a lower alkyl group, the total number of carbon atoms in R3 being 9-12; X is an anionic radical selected from the group consisting of sulphide, oxide, chloride, chromate, sulphate, nitrate, hydroxide, acetate, octanoate, laurate, resinate, dimethyl dithiocarbamate, naphthenate, methacrylate, isooctyl mercaptoacetate, paravinyl benzoate, acrylate hydride and methoxide.  The preferred tin compound is tri-(m-n-butyltin) oxide.  Preferred compositions contain 15-25% R3SnX. Specified acrylic bases are the acrylates or methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate or ethyl acrylate. Specified vinyl bases are polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate. Solvents used may be hydrocarbon solvents including gasoline, naphtha toluene or mineral solvents; ketone type solvents typified by methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone; or chlorobenzene. The coating may include thickeners typified by bentonite; pigments typified by titanium dioxide; fillers typified by aluminium silicate; cores typified by cobalt naphthenate or manganese naphthenate. Superior anti-fouling results are attained when the coating is formulated so that the ratio of pigment to paint base is less than 1 : 5.
Patent GB-1497300-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating bases for multigrade oils
IPC: G09F1/04
Filed: 1975-05-20
Abstract: 1497300 Lubricants INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE 20 May 1975 [20 May 1974] 21561/75 Heading C5F A lubricating composition used as a base for a multigrade oil consists substantially of a homogeneous mixture of: (a) 50-99% of at least one mineral or synthetic hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity, e.g. solvent refined, acid refined and hydrorefined mineral oils of viscosity range 100 to 600 SUS at 37À8‹ C.; (b) 1 to 50% of at least one ester composition produced by esterification and optional subsequent hydrogenation of a dimeric unsaturated carboxylic acid produced from C 14 -C 22  monocarboxylic acids or esterifiable or transesterifiable derivatives thereof, with a mixture of hydroxy compounds including at least one containing 3 to 6 OH groups per molecule, of formula or a polyoxyalkylenated compound of formula in which R, is a hydrocarbon radical of valency 3 to 6, R is a 1,2-alkylene radical and n is 1 to 50. Also included is at least one monohydric alcohol or monohydric phenol,of formula R 2 OH and oxyalkylenated compounds of formula which R 2  is an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic monovalent radical, in which mixture either the monohydroxy compound or the compound with 3-6 hydroxy groups comprises one of the oxyalkylenated compounds and esterification is carried out using a number of moles of dicarboxylic acid and monohydroxy compound each substantially equal to the number of hydroxyl equivalents of the polyhydroxy compound. The composition also includes 0-40% of at least one ester selected from esters of dicarboxylic acids with monohydric alcohols, esters of monocarboxylic acids with alcohols having at least 20H groups, esters of monocarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids with polyoxyalkylenated monohydric alcohols and esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalkyleneglycols and optionally a viscosity improving additive to impart the characteristics of a desired SAE category. Suitable polyhydroxy compounds include trimethylolpropane and polyoxypropylenated trimethylolpropane. Many suitable acids and hydroxy compounds are specified. Multigrade oils falling in the categories SAE 20 W 40 and SAE 10 W 30 are described.