baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1130784-A (GB)
Title: Fresnel lens
Inventor: HOFMANN CHRISTIAN
IPC: G02B3/08
Filed: 1966-06-01
Abstract: 1,130,784. Fresnal lenses. CARL ZEISS JENA VEB. June 1, 1966, No.24354/66. Heading G2J. A Fresnal lens having a series of echelons such as F, Fig. 1, on both its optically active faces for producing an aberrationless image of any two points on its optical axis X 1  X 1  has the meridional curve of each of its optically active faces such as G defined by:- wherein: - h = height of the beam incident on the Fresnel face, n = refractive index in the object space, n<SP>1</SP> = refractive index in the image space, #s = distance apart of object points on the optical axis, #s<SP>1</SP> = distance apart of image points on the optical axis, α<SP>1</SP> = longitudinal magnification =#S<SP>1</SP>/#S e = angle of the beam incident on the Fresnel face, #<SP>1</SP> = angle of refraction on the Fresnel face, # = object - side aperture angle, #<SP>1</SP> = image - side aperture angle, and Á = inclination of the active flanks W of the Fresnel echelons. The face may contain either the vertices or the bases of the Fresnel echelons. For the active flanks W the following holds good: - When the lens is used for imaging two neighbouring points on the optical axis the meridional curve is given by :-   S<SP>12</SP> sin<SP>2</SP> #<SP>1</SP> cos<SP>1</SP> = S<SP>2</SP> sin<SP>2</SP> # cos # where: - s = object - side intercept, and S<SP>1</SP> = image - side intercept. In such a case there may be Fresnel echelons on one face only, Fig.3, (not shown) the other face being spherical and concentric with either an object or an image point.
Patent GB-190234-A (GB)
Title: A device for controlling the activity and inactivity of a talking machine or machinesin synchronism with kinematographic displays and the like
IPC: G03B31/00
Filed: 1921-09-14
Abstract: 190,234. Mosley, F. E. Sept. 14, 1921. Switches, mechanical, without quick action.-Relates to switches tor determining the starting and stopping of one or more gramophones in timed relation with the working of a kinematograph, as described in Specification 168,921. A switch constructed according to the invention comprises a carrier having one or more slots in which are inserted conducting and insulating pieces adapted to be engaged by a brush or brushes longitudinally movable with respect to the carrier. The carrier is preferably formed as a cylinder 1 or the like, of cast iron or other material, with axial dovetail-shaped slots each having a metal strip 2 at the bottom. Removable and interchangeable filler-pieces of conducting material 5 and of insulating substance 6 are packed in the slots, being clamped by end screws 8 and by longitudinal strips 9 secured by screws 10. The strips 2 are connected to a collector ring 4 at one end of the carrier. An annular brush holder 11 encircles the carrier, the brushes 12. which are disposed radially and have knife-edges, being spring- pressed into contact with the rows of filler-pieces 5, 6. Feed-screws 14 driven by the kinematograph are provided for traversing the brushholder longitudinally along guide-rods 16, so that circuits are intermittently closed through the contacts 5 and through the brushes. By this means the starting and stopping of the gramophones at the required intervals is effected.
Patent GB-783953-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods of treating metallic pieces
IPC: C23C10/12
Filed: 1953-06-30
Abstract: 783,953. Heat treatment atmospheres. OFFICE NATIONAL D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AERONAUTIQUES, June 30. 1953 [July 11. 1952; Feb. 4, 1953; March 12. 1953], No. 24463/55. Divided out of 783,951. Class 72 A method of producing a metallic piece which has to undergo at least one main thermal treatment at a temperature between 700‹C. and 1500‹C. followed by a rapid quenching and which is to have a non-oxidized superficial layer comprises heating the piece in a neutral or reducing atmosphere containing at least one fluorine compound and cooling without passing through an atmosphere of a nature other than that specified. As shown, a metal piece may be chromized in a chamber 1 having a removable bottom 2 in a reducing atmosphere containing chromium fluoride. When chromizing is complete the bottom may be moved downwardly and the pieces quenched in a tank 3 containing water and ammonium fluoride. Slight oxidation of the surface may occur due to the action of the water and this may be removed by an electrolytic treatment. In a modification. after the treatment, the centre of the coated body may be dissolved, e.g. in nitric acid, leaving a hollow body. In a further modification, Fig. 5 (not shown) a wire may be passed through a furnace having the required atmosphere and be cooled thereafter in the same atmosphere. The invention may also be carried out on pieces which have previously been coated and cooled or on pieces which have no coating.
Patent GB-1388188-A (GB)
Title: Production of cellular foamed acrylonitrile-butadiene styrene copolymer resins using blowing agents
IPC: C08J9/10
Filed: 1972-05-24
Abstract: 1388188 Bis-benzazimides (benzotriazinones) as blowing agents BAYER AG 24 May 1972 [26 May 1971] 24465/72 Heading C3C Cellular or porous synthetic resin articles based on an acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene copolymer in which the styrene may be partly or completely replaced by α-methyl styrene or methyl methacrylate are produced by foaming the synthetic resin with the decomposition products of a bis-benzazamide (benzotriazinone) of the formula wherein R 1 -R 4  may be the same or different and denote hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl radicals of 1-4 C atoms, hydroxyl or nitro groups or halogen atoms and X denotes a bond, or a phenylene, naphthylene, diphenylene, diphenylene substituted with nitro or alkyl groups, diphenylene sulphone, methylene diphenylene, methylene dicyclohexylene, cyclohexylene, ethylene, dimethylene carbonate, N,N<SP>1</SP>-dimethylene-ethylenediamine or N,N<SP>1</SP>-dimethyl-N,N<SP>1</SP>-dimethylene-ethylenediamine radical or a radical obtained by removal of two hydrogen atoms from a diphenyl ether or urea, exemplified blowing agents being bis-benzazimide, 5,5<SP>1</SP>-dichloro-bisbenzazimide, 5,5<SP>1</SP>-dinitro-bisbenzazimide, 4,4<SP>1</SP>-bis-benzazimido-diphenylether and N,N<SP>1</SP>-bisbenzazimide-urea. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,300,562.
Patent GB-171790-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to printing presses
IPC: B41F27/10
Filed: 1920-08-24
Abstract: 171,790. Terrey, A. Aug. 24, 1920. Printing-surfaces.-Printing-plates are clamped on a printing-cylinder by a series of dogs operated by hydraulic or fluid pressure produced or exerted in a closed system or systems provided entirely on the printing-cylinder. In the arrangement shown, each clamping-dog b is guided in a slot a<3> in the printing-cylinder a, and is mounted on a rotatable threaded rod c for independent adjustment according to the width of the printing-plate, the other end of the rod c carrying the piston e working within the operating-cylinder d, which communicates by a conduit with the hydraulic or fluid-pressure control cylinder f mounted upon the boss a<2> of the printing- cylinder. Pressure is produced within the cylinder f by means of the piston h and pistonrod g, connected to a hand-lever i pivoted at i', and is communicated to the dog-operating cylinders d. A pawl j, forced into engagement with a rack k by a spring l, locks the lever in position to maintain the pressure, and is adapted to be released by means of a nut j<2>. Dogs operating in similar manner may be provided to hold the printing-plates at both edges, the two series of dogs being controlled independently or together.
Patent GB-1390448-A (GB)
Title: Electromagnetic pressure regulators
Inventor: ESPENSCHIED H
IPC: F16K31/06
Filed: 1972-05-25
Abstract: 1390448 Fluid-pressure regulators; change speed control ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 25 May 1972 [26 May 1971] 24574/72 Headings F2V and F2D An electromagnetic pressure regulator for hydraulically operated automatic transmissions of motor vehicles comprises, in one embodiment, Fig. 1, an electromagnet 25 with an armature 36, 37 bearing against a resilient diaphragm 32 which serves to control communication between ports 15 and 16. The armature is carried by a resilient membrane 34 so as to move with negligible friction. Pressure supplied at ports 15 or 16 lifts the diaphragm away from a position in which orifice 23 is closed, but energization of the electromagnet biases the diaphragm to its closed position and thereby controls the fluid pressure in direct proportion to the electrical signal. In another embodiment, Fig. 3, the diaphragm 67 is held in its closed position by a spring 76 acting upon the armature 71, 73 of the electromagnet 53. Energization of the electromagnet opposes the bias of the spring 76 so that the pressure of the controlled fluid is inversely proportional to the electrical signal. In either embodiment, the port 16 or 56 leading to the centre of the diaphragm is connected to the fluid source where high pressure is to be controlled, whereas for controlling lower pressures the other port 15 or 55 is connected to the fluid source.
Patent GB-685437-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in valves for homogenizing and emulsifying cream and other fluids
Inventor: JENSEN HANS
IPC: B01F5/06
Filed: 1951-10-22
Abstract: <PICT:0685437/III/1> <PICT:0685437/III/2> A homogenizing or emulsifying valve of the ribbed disc type as described in Specification 129,279, [Class 1(i)], wherein the liquid is forced between surfaces provided with eccentric or concentric complemented interfitting ribs, is provided with a plurality of passages leading from the input side of the valve to the space between the interfitting ribs.  As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a circle of passages 6 lead from the inlet 2 to the space between the ribbed surfaces 3 and 5.  More than one circle of passages, as well as a central passage, may be provided or the passages may emerge irregularly over the ribbed area.
Patent GB-1007662-A (GB)
Title: Process for the electrolytic preparation of defined portions on a conductive surface, and objects produced as a result of the application of this process
IPC: C25D5/02
Filed: 1962-06-27
Abstract: A method of electrodepositing a metal on a selected part of a conductive surface, comprises cathodically depositing on the surface a resist of an amphoteric metal oxide (such as an oxide of V, Mo, W, U, Re, Ru, Mn, or Nb), and thereafter electrodepositing the metal on a part of the surface not bearing the resist. The oxide, e.g. less than 0.01 micron thick, is deposited from solutions containing salts of metals (having amphoteric oxides) with acid or from solutions containing salts of the acid oxides of metals (having amphoteric oxides) with alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or ammonium.  The electrolyte may contain additions to improve its conductivity and stability. The surface may be coated with oxide only on defined portions, e.g. by using a resist layer of a substance which is dissolved after electrodepositing the oxide and prior to electrodepositing the metal. Alternatively, the surface may be wholly coated with oxide and the oxide then removed from certain portions, e.g. mechanically, chemically or electrolytically. After electrodeposition of the metal, the oxide resist may be removed.  A further electrolytic metal deposit may be applied to the whole surface, the result being a grooved surface with the grooves in the location of the original oxide pattern.  According to another possibility, the electrodeposited metal may be etch resistant and after removal of the oxide resist, the uncoated parts of the surface may be etched.  The oxide coating resists may be used in making printed circuits or half-tone printing blocks. Examples of electrolytes, current conditions and times for coating with oxide are as follows: Example I: hydrated MnSO4, (NH4)2SO4, citric acid, sodium perborate 6-8 volts, 30-60 A/dm.2, 20-30 secs.  The oxide layer prevents deposition of Cr.  Example II: uranyl acetate, K2CO3, 5-7 volts, 20-50 A/dm.2, 15-20 secs.  The layer prevents deposition of Ni and Cr from acid baths.  Example III: sodium molybdate, sodium tungstate, formic acid to make pH of 6, 5-7 volts, 20-50 A/dm.2, 15-20 secs.  The layer prevents deposition of Au or Rh.
Patent GB-1419862-A (GB)
Title: Removal of impurities from fibres in open end spinning
IPC: D01H4/32
Filed: 1973-05-23
Abstract: 1419862 Pneumatic separation VYZKUMNY USTAV BAVLNARSKY 23 May 1973 [7 June 1972] 24642/73 Heading B2H [Also in Divisions D1 and D2] A device for separating fibres in open end spinning and for removing trash therefrom comprises a feeding roller 12, a fibre separating roller 11, an exit channel 2 directed towards the spinning chamber 3, a cleaning slot 41 located between the area 19 of combing fibres and the area of doffing into the exit channel 2, a separating channel 42 leading from the cleaning slot 41, a collecting chamber 4 into which the separating channel 42 opens, a suction channel 43 connected to the collecting chamber 4, and an air channel 5 connected to the separating channel 42 at its side wall situated opposite a deflection wall 44 with a doffing edge 45 at its end. Trash separated from the fibres is entrained in the air stream in separating channel 42 and deposited in chamber 4. Fibres are prevented from entering slot 41 by means of an air stream drawn through the slot by the rotation of the roller 11. The wall 46 of the separating channel 42 between the groove 14 in which the roller 11 rotates and the opening of the air channel 5 may be rectilinear, concave or convex, the separating channel diminishing in cross-section towards the collecting chamber 4. The suction channel 43 is located in a different plane to the separating channel 42 the suction channel being connected to one end of the collecting chamber 4 and the separating channel being connected to the other end thereof. The separating channel is also connected tangentially to the collecting chamber 4 whereby a helical air flow is created in the chamber 4. It is preferred that the air channel 5, collecting chamber 4 and exit channel 2 are open to atmosphere, and means may be provided to vary the air intake of the air channel 5, collecting chamber 4 and exit channel 2. The said air intake variation may be accomplished by use of a rotatable valve or a plunger which restrict the air passage.
Patent GB-1274081-A (GB)
Title: Heterocyclic-amino, imino and acylamino compounds and their use
IPC: C07D249/04
Filed: 1969-05-15
Abstract: 1,274,081. Heterocyclic amines; acylamines and imines. ARGUS CHEMICAL CORP. 15 May, 1969 [27 May, 1968], No. 24758/69. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C3] Heterocyclic amines, acylamines and imines of the formula in which the ring is 1,2,4-triazole, 1,2,3-triazole, pyrazole, benzimidazole or 1,2,4- or 1,3,5-triazine and Z is selected from (1) where R 0  is methylene, alkyl- or aryl-substituted methylene and R 1  is hydrogen, a group of the formula or -(CH 2 ) d CO.R 2  where R 2  is hydrogen, C 1-10  alkyl or benzyl, (2) where A is oxygen or sulphur and R 3  is a group of the formula or where R 4  is C 1-18  alkyl, (3) two radicals R 5  and R 6  where R 5  is hydrogen or methylol and R 6  is methylol or 1,2,4-triazol-3-ylaminomethyl, (4) -CH 2 CO.NHNH 2 , (5) =CH-R 8  where R 8  is o-hydroxyphenyl or 1,3,5-triazinylaminomethylidene and (6) a group of the formula in which R 9  is a direct bond or are prepared (1) by reacting the aminoheterocyclic compound with a mercapto acid or mercapto thiono acid or ester, (2) reacting the aminoheterocyolic compound with carbon disulphide or a diketene, (3) by reacting the aminoheterocyclic compound with formaldehyde, (4) by reacting the ethoxycarbonylmethylamino heterocyclic compound with hydrazine, (5) by reacting the amino heterocyclic compound with salicylaldehyde or glyoxal and (6) by reacting the aminoheterocyclic compound with an oxalic or tartaric acid diester. Examples A-Y describe the preparation of such compounds which are stabilizers for polyolefins (see Division C3). Thiodipropionyl chloride is obtained by treating thiodipropionic acid with PCl 3 . Diphenyl thiodipropionate is obtained from the acid chloride and phenol.
Patent GB-1263625-A (GB)
Title: Substituted naphthoquinones and algicidal preparations containing them
IPC: A01N37/42
Filed: 1969-05-15
Abstract: 1,263,625. Naphthoquinone derivatives. FARBWERKE HOECHST A.G. 15 May, 1969 [15 May, 1968 (2); 2 Dec., 1968], No. 24779/69. Heading C2C. The invention comprises compounds of the general formula  in which X represents or in which n is 2 or 3. Those compounds in which X is are prepared by reacting 2-amino-3-chloro-1,4- naphthoquinone with an acid anhydride of formula  or an acid halide of formula in which hal represents a halogen atom. The compound in which X is may be prepared by reacting 2-amino-3-chloro-1,4- naphthoquinone with methoxydifluoroacetyl fluoride in the presence of an acid-binding substance. The compounds of the above formula and also the compound in which X is CF 3  may be used as the active agents in algicidal compositions. The other ingredients of the compositions may be conventional solid or liquid carriers, adhesives, dispersing agents and wetting agents.
Patent GB-206967-A (GB)
Title: Improvement connected with hooks
IPC: A22C15/00
Filed: 1922-09-14
Abstract: 206,967. Reynolds, W. E. Sept. 14, 1922. Hooks.-A hook for use on meat markets &c. which can be lifted off the rail by means of a longarm but engages the rail while a load is being lifted off the hook, comprises a rail hook 2 having a channel shaped plate 3 with lugs 7 at its lower end, disposed around the upper portion of the hook. The plate 3 has a longitudinal slot 8 and a wedge-shaped projection 9. A stud 10 with bevelled surfaces under the head passes through the slot 3 and is secured to the hook. To lift the hook off the rail 12 a long-arm &c. is passed through a hole 5, and the plate is partially lifted and partly rotated in an anticlockwise direction about a fulcrum formed in the underside of the stud 10. The lugs 7 are swung clear of the rail and the whole hook can be lifted off. When a load is lifted off the hook 2, the lugs 7 are kept in engagement with the rail 12, by the action of the projection 9 on the underface of the stud.
Patent GB-666933-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to furniture
IPC: A47C4/28
Filed: 1949-09-28
Abstract: 666,933. Furniture frames. SENN, W. Sept. 28, 1949. [Oct. 4, 1948] No. 24948/49. Class 52 (ii). Chairs, settees, &c. are provided with side frames interconnected by cross members to which the seating, back &c. fabric or other surface is attached, the fabric being permanently taut owing to its being attached when the side frames are sprung so as to cause the cross members to approach one another. Fig. 1 shows two side frames 1 formed of inverted U-form and connected by cross members 3 to which the ends of the seating fabric 7 are attached when the limbs of the U frames are sprung together. The chair has a back comprising side members 4 attached to the cross member 3 and also interconnected at their upper ends by a cross member 5 the back being sprung inwardly while the back fabric 6 is attached. Fig. 4 shows another form in which the fabric 19 is attached to the cross members 14, 15 when the outer limbs of the side frames 13 are sprung so as to approach one another. A head rest 18 may be mounted on a spindle 16. The chair may be reversed, i.e. turned upside down after removal of the head rest.
Patent GB-1520868-A (GB)
Title: Integrated semiconductor circuits
IPC: H01L21/822
Filed: 1977-06-15
Abstract: 1520868 Integrated circuits INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 15 June 1977 [30 June 1976] 25026/77 Heading H1K In the manufacture of an integrated circuit device a plurality of production circuit structures containing, e.g. bipolar transistors, resistors, and at least one defect monitoring structure for assessing the quality of production circuit structures, are formed simultaneously in a semiconductive wafer. Each production circuit structure comprises a plurality of impurity regions of predetermined depth, width and impurity content, and the defect monitoring structure comprises a plurality of elongate impurity regions, e.g. 1E, 2B, 4C having the same width, depth and the impurity content, but being substantially longer, as compared to the corresponding regions of the production circuits and a further elongate impurity region e.g. 3B, which does not correspond to any impurity region of the production circuit structures. The defect monitoring structures provided with elongate metallizations 14b-17b on insulating layers is topically used to detect pin-holes and leakage in dielectric isolation regions such as regions 32, misalignment between a sub-collective region 10C and a junction isolation region 28, and parasitic leakage between resistors 11B and 12B. The terminal ends of elongate impurity regions, topically serpentine-shaped, of adjacent defect monitor structures in a wafer are interconnected, and are also connected to peripheral contact pads (148), Fig. 3 (not shown) through surface wiring (152) and connections (154).
Patent GB-900836-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of propylene oxide
Inventor: JOHN JOHN ALEC
IPC: C07D301/14
Filed: 1958-08-06
Abstract: Propylene oxide is produced by reacting a solution of peracetic acid in an inert solvent comprising mainly either acetic acid or a mixture of acetic acid with acetone or methylal with an excess of propylene, at a temperature in the range 30-80 DEG C. and at elevated pressure. Some propylene glycol monoacetate is also formed and this may be hydrolysed to propylene glycol, for example by a mineral acid and water or by ethyl alcohol.  The propylene used as starting material may contain inert hydrocarbons, e.g. propane. The peracetic acid used may be obtained by the vapour phase oxidation of acetaldehyde with molecular oxygen.  Specification 547,333 is referred to.
Patent GB-435344-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sifting or bolting machines for flour and other granular or pulverulent material
IPC: B07B1/20
Filed: 1934-08-31
Abstract: 435,344. Sifting-apparatus. PASCALL, F., 156, Charing Cross Road, London. Aug. 31, 1934, No. 25154. [Classes 23 and 117] In a sifting device wherein the material is projected by rotary members against one or more sieves surrounding the rotary members, the parts are enclosed in a casing with a wide aperture at one or both sides of sufficient dimensions to afford access to the entire contents, the aperture or apertures being each closable by a hinged door. In the form shown, the rotary distributers b are provided with fins and surrounded by a screen c supported on flanges j and a pair of columns h within the casing which has two large doors g. The screens may be secured to the flanges j by adjustable spring steel bands with the interposition of felt or similar material. The feed hopper e<1> contains a mixer or feeder driven by the belt e<2> and the material is discharged at d<1>. Specification 399,300 is referred to.