Patent GB-1169577-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Self-Adjusting Mechanisms
Inventor: FARR GLYN PHILLIP REGINALD
IPC: F16D65/14
Filed: 1966-12-20
Abstract: 1,169,577. Self-adjusting brakes; fluid pressure operation of brakes; locking nuts and bolts; screw and nut mechanisms. GIRLING Ltd. 19 Dec., 1967 [20 Dec., 1966], No. 56904/66. Headings F2E, F2F, F2H and F2Q. An automatically length adjusting force transmitting device comprises two members in screw threaded engagement, the co-efficient of friction between the mating flanks on one side of the thread being higher than the other so that longitudinal force in one direction is transmitted by the device but in the other direction causes relative rotation and thus automatic adjustment of the length. The embodiments use the alternative screw and nut arrangements shown in Figs. 2 and 6. In Fig. 2 the faces 30 or 23 of the thread are coated with P.T.F.E. or are separated by a P.T.F.E. insert so that when the screw member 17 is urged to the right the nut will revolve on the thread and the rightward movement is not transmitted to the nut. When the screw is moved to the left the coefficient of friction between faces 31 and 32 is such that the nut does not rotate and the movement is transmitted. In Fig. 6 the left hand end of the nut is formed by a P.T.F.E. insert on a backing 85, locked in position at 87. Its thread has a slight rotational displacement with respect to the rest of the thread so that when the screw is moved to the right, the low friction faces 80, 89 engage, the nut rotates and the movement is not transmitted. If however the screw is moved to the left the higher friction faces 82, 89<SP>1</SP> engage, preventing rotation of the nut and so allow the movement to be transmitted. The thread arrangements are used in a sliding caliper type disc brake to allow opposed pistons to separate to take up slack but to prevent them being forced together. Thus in Fig. 1, when fluid pressure is applied between pistons 10 and 11 in a cylinder (not shown), nut 24 is allowed to rotate by the low friction of the engaging thread faces and the low friction bearing 25. The pistons will therefore separate. Piston 10 directly actuates one brake pad and piston 11 indirectly operates the other by sliding a caliper housing to the right. The pistons do not close together when the fluid pressure is released and slack is therefore taken up. When the brake is actuated by the cam and strut mechanism 14, 15, 16, the higher friction thread faces engage, the nut does not rotate and the pistons separate. Slack in the thread allows a running clearance for the brake pads and a spring washer 27 provides friction to allow the nut to be screwed back by the piston when replacing the pads. The Fig. 6 thread may alternatively be used in the Fig. 1 embodiment (Fig. 8, not shown). In Fig. 4 the unidirectional screw and nut assembly 47, 61 is located in an inner chamber out of contact with the fluid and the screw 47 is the rotatable member. High levels of fluid pressure separate the piston head 60 from the piston body 61 to prevent excessive slack adjustment and to allow fluid pressure to operate over the whole internal area of the piston. The piston head may however be integral with the piston body (Fig. 3, not shown).