Patent GB-497147-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to radio direction and range finding apparatus
IPC: G01S1/02
Filed: 1937-04-09
Abstract: 497,147. Locating objects by reflected waves. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. April 9, 1937, No. 10205. Convention date, April 9, 1936. [Class 37] [Also in Groups XXXVIII and XL] Apparatus for determining the bearing and range of an object by reflection of a beam of short-wave energy comprises a transmitter and receiver mounted on a common axis and simultaneously rotated for scanning the horizon, the reflected wave modifying a normal trace on the screen of a cathode-ray oscillograph, which trace is produced by a rotation synchronous with the transmitter and receiver, switching means being provided for connecting the bearing and range finding elements into circuit. The transmitter 1 and receiver 2, one of which may be non-directional, are rotated upon a base 3 by motor 12, and the deflecting coils 56, 57, of the oscillograph are rotated in synchronism therewith through repeating apparatus 58, 59, the circular trace thus made being modified upon reception of the reflected wave, connection to the receiver 2 being through slip-rings 68, 69 and switch 67. Water cooling for the transmitter is effected by pipes 46, 53 and flexible conduits 49, 50. Reciprocatory motion of the transmitter and receiver frame 19 is obtained by motor 15 and crank drive to shaft 4, and movement at rightangles thereto is effected on pivot 21. The transmitter and receiver may be of the types described in Specifications 491,444 and 491,445 respectively. A small portion of the direct beam is passed to the receiver by means of reflectors 32, 33 and adjustments for phase and intensity of this portion are provided. This portion beats with the received reflected signals and a beat-frequency indicator 84 is provided. The velocity of a moving object can thus be determined, and by sliding the frame 19, the direction of movement towards or away from the observer can be obtained by a scale and pointer 88, 87 on the relatively movable parts 5, 18. In order to determine the distance of the object, two discharge tubes 70, 71 are provided, a negative impulse being impressed on the grid of tube 71 each time a short direct impulse is propagated from the transmitter, such impulsing of the transmitter being effected by a relaxation oscillator control. The impulse derived from the transmitted wave for biassing tube 71 is obtained from a monitor receiver 26 which may also be of the type described in Specification 491,445. Fig. 3 shows the connections between the main receiver 2 and the monitor receiver 26. Receiver 2 is resistance-coupled at 135 to amplifier 155, the output of which is connected to the timing circuit of the range indicator through switch 83. Receiver 26 is also connected to an amplifier 166 and to the timing circuit switch 83. On receipt of a reflected wave, the tube 71 passes maximum current and biasses the tube 70 to pass minimum current. At the next transmitted impulse, the receiver 26 reverses the bias conditions of tubes 70, 71, the tube 71 passing minimum current and tube 70 its maximum current. This reversal occurs as each propagated and reflected impulse is operative, the average value of the current on either instrument 73, 75 being indicative of the range of the distant object. When a number of transmitters and receivers are operating on the same wavelength in the same locality, the waves propagated are polarized at predetermined angles in respect of a station transmitting in the line of reception of another. An additional receiver polarized oppositely to the main transmitter and receiver can also be employed for receiving the radiation from a distant station. Specification 493,708 also is referred to.