baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-180597-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in milking machine operating systems
IPC: A01J5/12
Filed: 1921-07-27
Abstract: 180,597. Jackson, W. J. Mellersh-, (De Laval Separator Co.). July 27, 1921. Fluid-pressure relays. -In apparatus comprising a main pulsation pipe line and a secondary pulsator piston connecting the teat cups of a cowmilker alternately to vacuum and the atmosphere, the main pulsation is obtained by alternately opening and blocking the communication of the pipe line with suction apparatus, means being provided so that the secondary pulsator piston is moved in alternate directions on successive reductions of pressure in the pipe line. The main pulsation in the pipe d, Fig. 1, is obtained by the intermittent operation of a valve c connecting the pipe d to a tank b, from which air is exhausted by a pump a. The pipe d is connected by a flexible pipe f to a passage g in the cover of the milk pail h, and at each opening of the valve c suction is applied within the pail and passages 16 communicating with the teat chambers through a, check valve l. The pulsator piston p is hollow and has at. its centre a plug with a restricted passage v. When the piston is in the position shown, opening of the valve c causes suction at the left of the piston and, through a passage 12, in the inflation chambers of the teat cups 14. The piston then moves to the left, the completion of its stroke being effected by air at atmospheric pressure entering the piston on the right through a port z from a chamber 11. An annular groove q on the piston, which previously placed the port z in communication with an air-inlet passage y now places the passage y in communication with the passage 12 and the inflation chambers of the teat cups. The next opening of the valve c causes the piston to move in the opposite direction. Small air chambers w, x are connected to either end of the piston cylinder. The chamber 11 may be omitted and the passage 12 connected to some only of the inflation chambers while the port z is connected to the remainder. In the modification shown in Fig. 3 the pipe f communicates with a space 17 separated by a diaphragm 18 from an air chamber 19. The opening of the valve c creates a suction in the space 17 and causes the diaphragm to lift a valve 22, through the central passage of which the suction is communicated, the piston being in the position shown, to the right-hand end of the piston and to a passage 40 connected to the inflation chambers of some of the teat cups. The upward movement of the valve 22 places an air-admission port 25 in communcation with a port 26 and a check valve 46, and the piston is moved to the right so that a groove 32 on the piston will place the passage 40 in communication with an air inlet port 38. On the next opening of the valve c the piston will be moved in the opposite direction, a passage 39 corresponding to the passage 40 being first placed under suction and then connected to an air inlet 37. A. restricted port 23 connects the chambers 17, 19.
Patent GB-121298-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Machines for Making the Eye Members of Snap Fasteners.
IPC: B21D53/48
Filed: 1917-03-26
Abstract: 121,298. American Fastener Co., (Assignees of Kiessling, M. F.). March 17, 1916, [Convention date]. Angular bending; bending- dies; stamping; punching.- A machine for making the female members of snapfastenings or press-buttons comprises means for cupping the fasteners from strip stock, a loop return guide for reversing the strip prior to blanking out the cupped fasteners, and a dial plate for transferring the fasteners to spring-inserting, beading, and ejecting stations. The springs are made in the machine from wire stock. All the parts of the machine, except the slitting-saws, are driven from the crank-shaft 4 that reciprocates the press heads 18, 59. The various motions are derived from the cam shafts driven by the bevel-gearing shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The shaft 11, Fig. 2, actuates a worm and ratchet drive 97, 93 for feedrolls 35 which draw strip stock beneath cupping- punches 22, 23, 24 to form the sockets 29, Fig. 7, a gang punch 30 which forms the sewing holes 34, and a planishing-punch 31. The slots at the base of the sockets to receive the legs of the springs are formed by a pair of slitting-saws 37 driven at 98. The strip then passes through a loop return guide 42 formed in the table 39, and is fed to a cutting-out and cupping punch 53 by a pawl 44 reciprocated by a cam 48. The stepped die 52, Fig. 10, is carried by a bridge-piece 51 spanning an annular dial plate 40 having a series of apertures. The punch 53 cuts out a circular blank, and the punch 54, hollow to admit the socket 29 and actuated by the separate head 59, then cups the blank and forces it into a recess 41<1> in the dial which is a frictional fit for the blank and acts as stripper for the punch. The pawl 60, Fig. 2, for indexing the dial is mounted on a reciprocating bar and carries a cam 65 for retracting the spring-controlled locking-bolt 64. A concave die 73' bends a length of wire round a mandrel 69, levers 72 then close the wire laterally round the mandrel, and the cam advances a die to form the reverse bends The dies then retire, and the mandrel is withdrawn, leaving the spring seated in a recess in the carrier slide 79, which is then advanced to bring the blank below a punch 82, Fig. 1, situated over the second aperture of the dial. The punch 82 transfers the spring from the carrier into the cupped blank. The third aperture of the dial is located over a punch 85, Fig. 13, and beneath a die 87 fitted with an ejector 89. The punch 85 and ejector 89 are connected to levers 91, Fig. 2, actuated successively by a common cam 92. The punch forces the blank up into the die, beading the edge to retain the spring as shown in Fig. 7, thus completing the fastener. The ejector returns the fastener to the dial in which it is now a loose fit and falls out of a discharge opening when the dial again moves. Specifications 29587 and 29588/06, 105.231 and 112.627 are referred to.
Patent GB-817885-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to lead-acid electric accumulators
Inventor: WALSH STANLEY
IPC: H01M4/68
Filed: 1957-06-27
Abstract: The positive plate of an accumulator is made from an alloy containing 0.03-0.1 per cent calcium, 1-2 per cent tin, 0.01-0.1 per cent aluminium, the balance being lead.  The plate is coated with lead which may be 0.005 inch thick and deposited electrolytically from a lead fluoborate bath.  Specification 712,798 is referred to.
Patent GB-1334134-A (GB)
Title: Automatic transmission assembly
IPC: F16H61/662
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1334134 Expanding-pulley gears BORGWARNER CORP 19 April 1971 [2 Feb 1970] 20307/71 Heading F2D An automatically operated expanding-pulley gear transmission for tractors, golf carts, fork trucks and snowmobiles comprises driving and driven expandable pulleys 20, 22 each having an axially fixed flange 28, 104 and an axially movable spring-loaded flange 54, 122 connected by a V-belt 24, the ratio between the pulleys being steplessly varied by speed sensitive means, comprising centrifugally operated balls 78 operating in cam tracts 76 of a shroud 36 on the driving pulley 20 against the separating spring 48 bias on the flanges 28, 54, which upshifts the transmission as the speed of the driving pulley increases, and torque sensitive means, comprising cam ramps 108 and torsional spring 140 loaded nylon pad followers 126, 128 arranged between the axially fixed and axially movable flanges 104, 122 of the driven pulley 22 to downshift the transmission on increased torque demand i.e. such as for hill climbing &c., without appreciable loss of engine speed. The ends 142, 141 of the torsion coil spring 140 in the torque responsive driven pulley 22 are connected respectively to one of the cam follower pad lugs 126 and a fluted flanged spring retainer 132 which is located in set positions by an inturned tang 110 on an extension of the fixed flange 104, the torsion spring loading being readily varied, to suit different required changespeed characteristics, by a screwdriver inserted via a hole 120 in the slidable flange 118, 122 to engage and turn the fluted flange 136 to ratchet over the tang 110 until the desired torque loading is set thereby.
Patent GB-415565-A (GB)
Title: A process for rendering soil and rock formations compact and impermeable to water
IPC: C09K17/12
Filed: 1933-07-18
Abstract: 415,565. Hardening soil or rock. RODIO, G., 14, Corso Venezia, Milan, Italy. July 18, 1933, Nos. 20312 and 20313. Convention dates, July 18, 1932 and Nov. 8, 1932. Drawings to Specification. [Class 68 (i).] To render rock and soil formations compact and impermeable to water a solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate or a mixture of these substances is caused to react in the rock formation with a silica-containing solution such as water glass and then before the reaction is complete a solution of a reagent, which reacts more rapidly than the calcium hydroxide or carbonate with the silica solution, for example an acid, an acid salt, or a neutral salt such as magnesium or calcium chloride, is injected into the rock. The calcium hydroxide or carbonate is introduced into the rock either before or simultaneously with the silica-containing solution; in the latter case the solutions may be mixed and if necessary the concentrations may be adjusted or reagents may be added to control the velocity of the reaction between the substances, or the mixture may be filtered if necessary before injection. After the rapidly reacting reagent has been introduced, cement suspensions may be introduced under high pressure to form a resistant cellular structure in the rock. Instead of or in addition to the cement suspensions, suspensions or colloidal solutions which can be caused to flocculate, e.g. a colloidal solution of clay containing a small amount of electrolyte such as aluminium sulphate, may be injected to fill up the fine pores of the rock. In a modification of the process, the rapidlyreacting reagent is dispensed with, the injection of a mixture of a solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate and a silica-containing solution being followed directly by the injection of cement or clay suspensions. The process may be employed in building operations under water, in the construction of shafts, tunnels &c. and for consolidating the beds and walls of streams, canals &c. or other rock or soil masses.
Patent GB-587596-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to turbines operating with working media of high temperatures
IPC: F02C7/18
Filed: 1944-10-20
Abstract: 587,596. Elastic-fluid turbines. WATSON, F. (Aktiebolaget Ljungstroms Angturbin). Oct. 20, 1944, No. 20342. [Class 110 (iii)] The rotor is cooled by passing gaseous medium under pressure in a generally axial direction through channels or the like in the rotor and subsequently through further rotor channels in the opposite direction to a chamber communicating with the working passage of the turbine at a point behind the first guide blade row. In one construction, Fig. 2, the rotor 10 is-built up from annular discs 12 welded together as at 16, 18 to provide interior spaces 20 and an inner axial passage 14. Cooling air is supplied by way of an annular chamber 48 and channels 50, 51, 52 to a space 54 from which it flows by way of connecting passages 22 to each space 20 in turn, finally entering the axial passage 14 at the low pressure end of the rotor ; from the passage 14 the air flows by way of passages 56, 58 to join the working fluid behind the first row of guide blades 26. Small holes or gaps may be provided in the outer bond of the discs 12 to allow a portion of the cooling air to escape directly into the working passage. The rotor may be of martensitic steel and the rotor blades 24 and the guide blade rings 27 may be of austenitic steel. The turbine casing is preferably of a material having the same coefficient of expansion as the rotor material. The inlet 30 is provided with a sheet metal lining 31. In the gas turbine plant shown in Fig. 5, air is compressed in two stages in compressors 72, 96, and flows to a combustion chamber 84 by way of a heat exchanger 80 situated in the turbine exhaust duct 78. Some of the air traverses the space around a cooling jacket 131 and enters the high-pressure turbine 100 to join the combustion gas. Reheating of the gas ahead of the low-pressure turbine 74 takes place in a further combustion chamber 102, some of the cool gas flowing around a jacket 231. A three-way valve 93 permits the flow of cooling air to the rotor of the turbine 100 from either or both of conduits 103, 105. Cooling medium from duct 101 passes by way of conduits 112, 107 to a chamber 54 in the turbine 74 and thence by way of channels 62, 14, 56 to the rear of the first guide blade ring. Similar cooling passages are provided in the turbine 100. When the plant is to be shut down, valve 92 is closed and valve 114 is turned to put conduits 106 and 107 into communication, so as to divert the entire air supply to the rotor cooling passages. Air coolers 98, 110 may be fitted. The adaptation to a plant comprising a single stage turbine coupled to a single stage compressor is described. The invention may be applied to an aircraft exhaust-driven turbine.
Patent GB-383977-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of wood screws or bolts
IPC: B21K1/44
Filed: 1931-07-16
Abstract: 383,977. Making screws and bolts. REED, E. W., 360, Salisbury Street, and WERME, A., 16, Wyola Drive, both in Worcester, Massachusetts, U.S.A. July 16, 1931, No. 20400. [Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv).] Squirting.-A blank for a wood-screw, bolt, &c. is formed from a wire 1, Fig. 1, with a pointed tip 2 by extrusion in a die in which the shank 4<1>, Fig. 2, a tapered portion 5<1> and a barrel portion 61 are simultaneously extruded, while a recess to form the head 71 and a conical ejector to receive the point 2 are also provided. The taper 5<1> is preferably at an angle of between 20‹ and 26‹ with the axis. The threads 8, Fig. 3, are formed by rolling, and the crest diameter of the thread over the shank and tapered portion is constant.
Patent GB-837000-A (GB)
Title: Process for padding textiles with esters of leuco vat dyestuffs
IPC: D06P1/28
Filed: 1956-07-02
Abstract: Textile materials are padded with esters of leuco vat dyestuffs in the presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone.  The polyvinyl pyrrolidone may be incorporated in the padding liquor or applied to the textile prior to padding.
Patent GB-1406923-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing polymer powders
IPC: C08F2/44
Filed: 1973-05-01
Abstract: 1406923 Polymer powders produced by bead polymerization COOK PAINT & VARNISH CO 1 May 1973 [13 Sept 1972] 20578/73 Heading C3P A polymer powder is produced by bead polymerizing a polymerizable monomer comprising one or more of the following: a C 1-4  alkyl methacrylate, styrene, a C 1-4  alkyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide and hydroxy derivatives thereof, the monomer or monomer mixture having dissolved therein prior to polymerization, a plasticizer and cellulose acetate butyrate, the monomer(s) being such that the Tg of the resulting polymer is at least 20‹ C., preferably 80-90‹ C. A pigment, flow control agent or other additive may also be present. In the examples, methylmethacrylate and butyl methacrylate are copolymerized in aqueous suspension using as the plasticizer: (1) and (2) a polyester derived from neopentylglycol, trimethylol ethane, phthalic anhydride and lauric acid, and (3) butyl benzyl phthalate. Other plasticizers specified are dioctyl phthalate and dibutylphthalate. The powders, having been separated from the aqueous medium are used for powder spray coating.
Patent GB-786720-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to marine tanker vessels
IPC: B63B25/12
Filed: 1956-07-03
Abstract: 786,720. Carrying liquid cargo. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP DE BATAAFSCHE PETROLEUM MAATSCHAPPIJ. July 3, 1956 [July 5, 1955], No. 20585/56. Class 113. In a marine tanker vessel for the carriage of volatile liquids having at least one cylindrical tank 2 the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to that of the vessel and the diameter of which is greater than half the width of the vessel, the outer circumference of the tank is provided with stiffening rings 3 which are rigidly connected to the athwartship web frames 1 of the vessel. The tank and web frames may extend above the deck. The interior of the tank may be lined with insulating material, e.g., balsa wood.
Patent GB-1414449-A (GB)
Title: Device for the binary coding of data on a document
IPC: H04N1/405
Filed: 1974-05-10
Abstract: 1414449 Analogue-to-digital conversion; document scanning COMPAGNIE INDUSTRIELLE DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS CIT-ALCATEL 10 May 1974 [11 May 1973] 20737/74 Headings H3H and H4F In photoelectric document scanning, a whilte area is coded as all 0s, a black area as all 1s and grey area as a mixture of 0s and 1s, the density of the Is being related to the density of the grey, and only one bit is produced for each sampled point of the document. In Fig. 2, analogue signals from the scanner are compared in comparator 3 with the output of a D-A converter 4 controlled by a counter 52 receiving clock pulse generator 6. The counter 52 is reset to 00 and AND gate 53 disabled each time a 1 occurs in the output of the comparator or when the counter attains a 10 state, detected by an AND gate 55. In a modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), an extra shade of grey is distinguishable by the addition of another stage to tha D-A converter controlled by a flip-flop (B3), AND gates (62, 63) and an inverter (64).  In the D-A converter, resistors 42 (and 24) have a value R and resistors 41, 44, 47 (and 25) 2R. In the comparator, resistors 34, 36 have a value R/3 and resistors 35, 37 2R/3.
Patent GB-485253-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for stretching webs of fabric
IPC: D06C3/06
Filed: 1937-07-27
Abstract: 485,253. Stretching webs transversely. VEREINIGTE FARBEREIEN & APPRETUR AKT.-GES. July 27, 1937, No. 20787. Convention date, Aug. 28, 1936. [Class 100 (i)] A device for stretching fabric webs transversely conprises a cylindrical jacket C extensible in the axial direction, discs or the like 2 on which the ends of the jacket are directly mounted, a trunnion 4 on each disc extending perpendicularly to the surface thereof, and adjustable bearings 5 in which the trunnions are adapted to be rotatably mounted, the axes of the bearings being inclined at similar angles to the longitudinal axis of the jacket. The jacket may comprise a number of coil springs 10, or lengths of rubber, or a cylindrical piece of rubber. A shaft 8 maintains the discs 2 apart, and engages the latter centrally by means of ball and socket joints. A disc 7 mounted on the shaft 8 prevents sagging of the jacket at the centre. The device may be rotated either by the pull of the fabric or by a drivingmeans. On rotation of the device the jacket is continually extended and contracted in the axial direction, and thus acts on the web to stretch it transversely.
Patent GB-924952-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in straight edges
Inventor: MOON WILLIAM RICHARD HARDING
IPC: B43L7/00
Filed: 1960-06-14
Abstract: 924,952. Drawing instruments. HALL HARDING Ltd. June 14, 1961 [June 14, 1960], No. 20854/60. Class 97 (3). A straight edge extending the full width of a drawing board and mounted by its ends, such as on wires, for parallel movement, comprises a rigid carrier-strip 11 having on one or both edges a groove 17 to receive an edge of a straight edge inset 25 and a channel 22 within which projections, such as screws or rivets 26, fixed to the insert 25, may slide. The inserts 25 may be provided on both edges of strip 11 and held fixed by a central set-screw. Alternatively, only one insert 25 may be provided, the opposite edge of carrier-strip 11 being arcuately curved or formed as an edge scroll. A dovetail groove 14 may receive a plastic handle 24 and, at each end, a metal end piece for clamping the parallel motion wire. Alternatively, the wires may be secured by screws extending outwardly from end plates faced with nylon slides engaging metal runners on opposite sides of the drawing board.
Patent GB-1146527-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to floor coverings
IPC: A47G27/02
Filed: 1966-05-11
Abstract: 1,146,527. Floor coverings. J. A. BANNER. 10 May, 1967 [11 May, 1966], No. 20953/66. Heading A4S. [Also in Divisions E1, E2 and G5] A floor covering for assisting the blind to discover their location in a room comprises rectangular units 11, 12, 13 14 of textile carpet, each having a distinctive raised pattern distinguishable by touch or feel, detachably connected by lacing through eyelets 16 in a soft leather binding 15. Each unit is divided into sections, in which the patterns are distinguishable, e.g. by size, by a circle 17 and ellipse 18 of soft piping attached to the surface of the units. The joints are reinforced by a canvas strip secured under the binding by press studs. In a modification the floor covering is of moulded plastics with integral raised patterns. Overlapped, apertured, stepped edges 51, 52 are detachably secured by linking members having a suction foot 55 to anchor the covering to the floor. In a further modification runways across the covering comprise a cruciform canvas strip laced to the leather-bound edges of the units.
Patent GB-758081-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in metallurgy and in the production of sulphur dioxide
Filed: 1950-08-24
Abstract: A charge containing a metal sulphide and a metal oxide is heated in a closed retort under reduced pressure, the temperature being gradually increased till it reaches the vaporization point of the metal of at least one of the compounds at the reduced pressure employed, the gases being exhausted from the retort till a substantially constant pressure lower than the vapour pressure of the vaporized metal at the temperature concerned is achieved, the sulphur dioxide being separately recovered from this gaseous product.  The sulphide and oxide may be of the same or different metals.  Thus the charge may contain sulphide and oxide of zinc or of lead or of both metals.  A mixture of sulphide and oxide of zinc and iron may be used or a metal oxide may be used with copper-zinc sulphide concentrate or copper-lead-zinc sulphide concentrate in intimate admixture. Preferably the charge is heated at a pressure of less than 1 mm. at a temperature of 1760-2000 DEG F.ALSO:A charge containing a metal sulphide and a metal oxide is heated in a closed retort under reduced pressure, the temperature being gradually increased till it reaches the vaporisation point of the metal of at least one of the compounds at the reduced pressure employed, the gases being exhausted from the retort till a substantially constant pressure lower than the vapour pressure of the vaporised metal at the temperature concerned is achieved, the sulphur dioxide and metal vapour being recovered from the gaseous product.  The sulphide and oxide used may be of the same or of different metals.  In the latter case a solid residue containing one metal in elemental state may be recovered.  Thus where one metal has a vapour pressure not less than 1 m.m. at a temperature of about 1760 DEG F. and the other has a substantially lower vapour pressure the metals may be separately recovered.  The charge may contain a mixture of sulphide and oxide of zinc or of lead or of both metals which are then recovered together in vapour form.  A mixture of sulphide and oxide of zinc and iron may be used or a metal oxide may be used with copper-zinc sulphide concentrate or copper-lead-zinc sulphide concentrate in intimate admixture.  Preferably the charge is heated at a pressure of less than 1 m.m. at a temperature of 1760 DEG -2000 DEG F.