Patent GB-191309103-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Railway Safe-running Devices.
Inventor: ANGUS ARTHUR REGINALD
IPC: B61L3/10
Filed: 1913-04-17
Granted: 1914-07-17
Abstract: 9103. Angus, A. R. April 17, 1912, [Convention date]. Electrical systems, automatic and non-automatic; track apparatus actuating signals on trains and for stopping trains.-In an electrical system in which a train coacting with track contacts operates switching instruments and obtains clearance by the passage of currents through those instruments, switches a.re provided by which a signalman may disconnect the track contacts from the signalling instruments or may connect those appropriate to a movement over a particular road and in a particular direction. The engine apparatus includes a relay which controls circuits to electromagnetically-controlled signals so as to give ' line clear' signals if current between predetermined limits passes through the track and engine circuit. Resistances and reversing-switches on the train are arranged so that for one direction of running, current in one direction passes through the train and track apparatus without an additional resistance, and for the other direction of running, current passes in the other direction and a resistance is added in the train circuit. Fig. 2 shows a section of track with polarized relays which are connected through switches 250, 251 to the track contacts 1, 2. 5, and 6. The switches are normally open as shown so that no train can enter the section. For a down train they are moved to the right and a train completes the following circuits. From contact 1 current passes over contact 83 to the coil 95 which opens contact 84 to disconnect the ramp 6. From contact 2 a similar circuit is made. From contact 3, current passes to the coil 97 which opens the contact 83 and a second train cannot follow the first into the section. From contact 4 current passes to coil 96 which replaces the armature 74. From contact 5, current passes through the resistance 261. From contact 6 current passes through the coil 98 which replaces the armature 73. For an up train, the switches 250, 251 are reversed and similar circuits are made, but the resistances in the circuits arc so arranged that for an up train the resistance of the track circuit is less than for a down train, the difference being made up by resistance in the train circuit. The difference is such that should a down train coact with a contact arranged for an up train or vice versa, the current in the engine apparatus is either too great or too small and danger signals or train-stopping apparatus are put in operation. Means are provided to ensure proper setting of the engine apparatus when running over loops, turntables, or the like. At junctions, multiway switches are arranged to connect the contacts for one road only to the switching instruments. Sections may be arranged to overlap as described in Specifications 11,452/11, 15,900/12, and 9090/13. The Specification as open to inspection under Section 91 (3) (a) includes also an electrical system shown in Fig. 2 (Cancelled), in which four track contacts are placed at each end of a section and, in addition to the polarized switching-instruments X, Y, quick-acting relays 300, 301 are placed in circuit with the ramps 1 and 6, and polarized relays 302, 303 in circuit with the ramps 3 and 4. The armatures 304, 305 occupy a neutral position when the coils 302, 303 are de-energized. The armatures of the switching- instruments are locked by the armatures of magnets 316, 317 in series with the coils 97, 98 and 95, 96 respectively. No compensating resistances in the engine apparatus are necessary. As a train on a down journey enters the section over the contact 1, current passes through relay 300 (which cuts out magnets 316, 98, 97), wire 309, armature 304, line wire 320, magnet 317, armatures 324 and 305, line wire 326, contact 329, and resistance 330, to earth. The armature of the magnet 300 also earths the wire 326. The armature of the magnet 317 is raised and puts the coils 95, 96 in parallel with the coils 317, and also breaks the circuit to earth through resistance 347. A current of predetermined value then passes in the engine apparatus and gives a ' line clear ' signal. The movement of the armature 74 to ' open ' position insulates the contacts 5, 6. From the ramp 2 current passes through the resistance 339 if the armature 73 is in ' closed ' position. From ramp 3, current flows through coils 302 and then divides, part flowing through armature 321, coils 316, and part through armature 304, line wire 320, magnet 317, armatures 324, 305, line wire 326, the whole then passing through resistance 330 to earth. The armature 304 makes contact at contact 351 and short-circuits the resistance 330 and puts the resistance 344 in the circuit from the ramp 3. The armatures of coils 316, 317 connect the coils 97, 98 and 95, 96 in parallel with coils 316, 317 respectively and breaks the circuits through resistances 330, 347. Under these circumstances, normal current passes through the engine apparatus and both armatures 73, 74 are set into ' open ' position. The current from contact 3<a> is a testing circuit only including resistance 356 and contacts on the armatures 73, 74. A similar circuit includes contact 4<a>. From contact 4, current passes through coils 303, armature 324, coils 317, and resistance 347, to earth. The armature 305 short-circuits the resistance 347 and cuts out the line wire 326 and the distant apparatus. The coils 95, 96 are put in parallel with the magnet 317, and the earth connexion through resistance 347 is broken. The current in the engine circuit is of normal value, and its direction through the coils 95, 96 is such that the armature 74 is moved to closed position. At contact 5, its position is tested, the circuit including resistance 376. From contact 6 current flows through coils 301, armature 305, line wire 326, coils 316, armatures 321, 304, line wire 320, and resistance 347, to earth. This results in resetting of the armature 73 of coils 97, 98 to ' closed ' position. On an up-journey the action is similar but current flows in the reverse direction and the switching-instruments are operated accordingly. The Specification as open to inspection under Section 91 (3) (a) further includes a system for track on which trains pass in one direction only. which is the subject-matter of Specification 13,916/14. A train, after passing into a section, sets the switching-instrument at danger, and on passing over a contact at the end of the section, tests that the switching-instrument of that section is at danger and replaces to clear the instrument of the preceding section. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.