Patent GB-778738-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of reducing particle adherence of materials such as fabrics, paper, paint films and the like
Inventor: RAINARD LEO W
IPC: D21H19/00
Filed: 1955-02-04
Abstract: A composition for treating textile fabrics, especially pile fabrics, to reduce their particle adherence characteristics, comprises a dilute dispersion containing a hydrous oxide of a metal selected from aluminium, beryllium, cerium, columbium, germanium, magnesium, thorium, zinc and zirconium, having a surface area of 15 to 200 square metres per gram and an average working particle size of not over 0.6 micron, the oxide being non-hygroscopic and inert to the atmosphere and to the treated material and having adherence and whitening characteristics corresponding to an Adherence Index of not over 0.85 and a whitening Index of not over 10.6.  The indices are determined by an electronic colorimeter using treated and untreated samples of the material before and after soiling in a cylindrical ball mill. After treating the material, e.g. by spraying or dipping, the dispersion vehicle, e.g. water or an organic liquid, is removed to leave on the surface a coating of the particles of 0.063 ounces to 0.054 ounces per square yard.  Two or more of the above mentioned oxides may be mixed in the dispersion.  The hydrous oxides may be produced pyrolytically (the oxides of aluminium, zinc, zirconium and magnesium are mentioned) or may be aerogels (the oxides of aluminium, magnesium, thorium and zinc are mentioned), and pyrolytic silica, e.g. with trisodium phosphate or sodium hexametaphosphate, or pyrolytic titanium oxide may be mixed with the oxides of aluminium, zirconium, magnesium, thorium or zinc.  A dispersion of alumina and silica in water may include small amounts of acetic, oxalic, phosphoric or sulphuric acid.  In one example for treating a pile fabric, an aqueous dispersion comprises alumina, hydrous silica, trisodium phosphate, a polyethylene glycol high molecular weight wax and sodium lauryl sulphate.  Organic liquids mentioned are isopropanol, ethyl alcohol, methanol, acetone, ethylene glycol and carbon tetrachloride.  The textiles treated may be of wool, cotton, jute, viscose rayon, acetate rayon, nylon, acrylics and polyesters, and pile fabrics may have piles of wool, wool-rayon, wool-nylon or cotton.  A rug having a cotton backing and a wool-rayon pile may be sprayed with an aqueous dispersion of hydrous alumina and dried at 175 DEG F.  Non-pile fabrics may be passed through rollers to remove the liquid vehicle.  U.S.A. Specification 2,093,454 is referred to.ALSO:A composition for treating materials, e.g. rugs, painted surfaces or paper, to reduce their particle adherence characteristics, comprises a dilute dispersion containing a hydrous oxide of a metal from the group consisting of aluminium, beryllium, cerium, columbium, germanium, magnesium, thorium, zinc and zirconium, having a surface area of 15 to 200 square metres per gram and an average working particle size of not over 0.6 micron, the oxide being non-hygroscopic, inert to the atmosphere and to the treated material and having adherence and whitening characteristics corresponding to an adherence index of not over 0.85 and a whitening index of not over 10.6.  The indices are determined by an electronic colorimeter using treated and untreated samples of the material before and after soiling in a cylindrical ball mill.  After treating the material, e.g. by spraying, the dispersion vehicle, e.g. water or an organic vehicle, is removed to leave on the surface a coating of the particles of 0.003 ounces to 0.054 ounces per square yard.  Two or more of the above mentioned oxides may be mixed in the dispersion. The hydrous oxides may be produced pyrolytically (the oxides of aluminium, zinc, zirconium, magnesium are mentioned) or may be aerogels (oxides of aluminium, magnesium, thorium, zinc are mentioned), and pyrolytic silica, e.g. with trisodium phosphate or sodium hexametaphosphate, or pyrolytic titanium oxide may be mixed with the oxides of aluminium, zirconium, magnesium, thorium or zinc. A dispersion of alumina and silica in water may include small amounts of acetic, oxalic, phosphoric or sulphuric acid. In one example, a dispersion comprised (parts by weight) 1/2 part pyrolytic alumina, 1/2 part hydrous silica, 1/4 part trisodium phosphate, 1/8 part of a polyethylene glycol high molecular weight wax and 1/4 part sodium lauryl sulphate in 100 parts water.  Organic vehicles mentioned are isopropanol, ethyl alcohol, methanol, acetone, ethylene glycol and carbon tetrachloride.  Standard detergents, wetting and dispersing agents may be included in the dispersions.  U.S.A. Specification 2,093,454 is referred to.