Patent GB-435797-A (GB)
Title: Synthetic resins and their applications
IPC: C08G8/28
Filed: 1934-03-21
Abstract: Oil soluble resinous materials are prepared by condensing in alkaline medium formaldehyde or a polymeride thereof with a mononuclear phenol having at least one but not more than two substitutable reactive positions and at least seven non-benzenoid carbon atoms, one of which is directly joined to at least three carbon atoms and is directly joined to the benzene ring in one of the o- or p-positions to the phenolic hydroxyl group.  Suitable phenols include 4 - hydroxyphenyldimethyl - iso - butylmethane, 4-hydroxyphenyltriethylmethane, 4-hydroxyphenyldimethyl - iso - amylmethane, 4 - hydroxyphenyldiethylpropylmethane, 4 - hydroxyphenylethylpropylbutylmethane, 3 - 5 - dimethyl - 3 - hydroxyphenylheptane, 4 - hydroxyphenylethyl - iso - butylmethane, 4 - hydroxyphenylpropyl - iso - propylmethane, 4 - hydroxyphenyl - iso - propyl - iso - butylmethane, 2 - hydroxyphenyldimethyl - iso-butylmethane and 2-hydroxyphenyl-iso-propyl-iso-butylmethane.  In an example, p-tertiary heptyl phenol is condensed with formaldehyde in the presence of caustic soda to yield a resin which may be blended with chinawood oil and dissolved in a mineral thinner containing a cobalt drier to yield a varnish.  The products may be blended with cellulose derivatives such as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, benzyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose; natural resins and esters gums such as rosin, kauri, copal and rosin glyceride; synthetic resins or synthetic resin forming material such as metastyrene, coumarone-indine resins, amine-aldehyde resins, acrylic ester resins, vinyl resins, casein plastics, polyhydric alcohol-polybasic acid condensation products not modified with drying oils or drying oil acids; bitumens such as asphalts; waxes such as beeswax, candelilla wax, montan wax, carnauba wax and lauryl stearate; other ester like bodies such as stearin, castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil, tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl phthalate, triethylin, animal fats and waxes; pigments; solvents; plasticizers; antioxidants; fillers and lakes for use in the manufacture of coating compositions, moulding plastics, impregnating agents for paper, wood, cloth, stone or rubberized fabrics, adhesives for safety glass, linoleum, adhesives, cements, sealing waxes, insulating materials together with mica or asbestos and laminated sheet or tubes with cellulose derivatives such as cellulose acetate.  Specifications 417,122 and 435,762 are referred to.  p-Tertiary heptyl phenol is prepared by condensing 2-4-dimethylpentanol-3 with phenol in the presence of zinc chloride. Similar phenols may be prepared from secondary heptanols, octanols, nonanols and higher alcohols such as 2 - 4 - dimethylpentanol - 3 (yielding hydroxyphenyldimethyl-iso-butylmethane), 2-methylhexanol-3 (yielding hydroxyphenyldimethylbutylmethane and hydroxyphenyl-iso-butylethylmethane), 2-methylhexanol-4 (yielding hydroxyphenylpropyl - iso - propylmethane and hydroxyphenylmethyl - iso - amylmethane), 3-methylhexanol - 4 (yielding hydroxyphenylmethylethylpropylmethane and hydroxyphenylmethylhexane), 3-ethylpentanol-2 (yielding hydroxyphenyltriethylmethane and hydroxyphenylethylpentane), 2 - 5 - dimethylhexanol - 3 (yielding hydroxyphenyldimethyl-iso-amylmethane and hydroxyphenyl-iso-butylmethane), 3-5-dimethylheptanol-4 (yielding hydroxyphenyldimethylheptane) and 3-7-dimethylnonanol-5 (yielding hydroxyphenyldimethylnonane).