baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-3241569-U (JP)
Title: モバイル電源と負荷構造の組み合わせ装置
IPC: H02J7/00
Filed: 2023-02-14
Granted: 2023-04-13
Abstract: 【課題】モバイル電源と負荷構造の組み合わせ装置を提供する。【解決手段】モバイル電源と負荷構造の組み合わせ装置は、モバイル電源１０と、荷重構造２０と、磁気素子３０と、を含んで構成され、モバイル電源１０は第一面１２１及び第一面１２１の背面に形成されている第二面１３１を有している。荷重構造２０はモバイル電源１０の第二面１３１に対応するように配置されている。磁気素子３０がモバイル電源１０の第二面１３１と荷重構造２０との間に設置されていることで、モバイル電源１０が磁気により荷重構造２０に吸着される。こうすることで、電気製品の充電を行う際に、電気製品を継続的に使用または操作可能になる。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-3242151-U (JP)
Title: ウェーディング建築杭基礎の洗掘防止保護装置
IPC: E02D27/52
Filed: 2023-03-31
Granted: 2023-05-30
Abstract: 【課題】工事材料の消費量が少なく、作業の難易度も低く、工事のコストや施工難易度を効果的に低減したウェーディング建築杭基礎の洗掘防止装置を提供する。【解決手段】ウェーディング建築杭基礎の洗掘防止保護装置は、杭柱の外周の床表面に敷設されるのに適し、いずれも連結ロッドの端部をヒンジ結合することによって形成された多面体フレーム構造である複数の透水ユニットを備え、隣接する連結ロッドまたは隣接する透水ユニット同士は、任意に回動して、特定の可撓性を有する透水列を形成することができる。透水列は、一方で、高速の水流が床表面との直接的な接触を避け、水流の衝撃作用を緩やかにし、床表面の土砂の運搬や河床／海床の下刻を抑制することができ、他方では、水流の移動速度を低下させ、水によって運ばれる土砂の沈堆や河床／海床の隆起を促進することができ、河床／海床の表面に常にぴったりと密着し、洗掘防止保護効果を確保する。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-3242829-U (JP)
Title: 背もたれの調節できる学生用椅子
IPC: A47C7/46
Filed: 2023-05-18
Granted: 2023-07-13
Abstract: 【課題】背もたれを調節できる学生用椅子を提供する。【解決手段】固定した背もたれ１１０および可動な背もたれ１２０から構成される背もたれ１、座板２及び椅子フレーム３を含む。固定した背もたれに少なくとも１つのリミット用溝１１１が開設され、可動な背もたれの末端には突起部１２１が設けられ、座板には突起部に対応する溝部２０１が開設されており、スライド構造がリミット用溝の一番低い位置にある時、突起部が溝部にかみ合い、固定した背もたれの裏面に設けられるロック構造と合わせて、可動な背もたれをロック状態にする。ロック構造を引き開け、可動な背もたれはスライド構造を介してリミット用溝の行程内で上下に動く。固定した背もたれの裏面に第１回転部材が設けられており、椅子フレームに第２回転部材が設けられており、背もたれは、座板に対して回転可能である。【選択図】図２
Patent JP-3242934-U (JP)
Title: 月捲りカレンダーにおいて約半月おきに剥がせるカレンダー
IPC: B42D5/06
Filed: 2023-05-12
Granted: 2023-07-24
Abstract: 【課題】メモ代わりとしての機能性を重視した１２枚の月めくりカレンダーでは、翌月に実施する行事や予定の記入について、毎回カレンダーを捲って確認する必要があった。月替わりに当月のシートを剥がさずに先々の行事・予定を把握することが出来る、約半月捲りカレンダーを提供する。【解決手段】約半月捲りの１３枚式カレンダーになり、同一シートに１３か月のうち、ひと月の上部３週分７を表示し下部２週分８を表示する。上部は１月から、下部は前年１２月からとし、境目にミシン目２ｂを設置する。これにより翌月の前半が表示されるので、約半月捲りカレンダーで前述の欠点を解決することができる。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-3245348-U (JP)
Title: 防火具
IPC: A62B17/00
Filed: 2023-11-24
Granted: 2024-01-22
Abstract: 【課題】本考案は、従来に無い非常に実用的な防火具を提供することを目的とする。【解決手段】吸水性を有する防火用シート１と、水Ｗを収納する水収納容器２と、前記防火用シート１を収納する吸水処理用袋体３とから成り、この吸水処理用袋体３は、前記防火用シート１を収納した状態において前記水収納容器２の水Ｗを前記吸水処理用袋体３に注水した場合、前記水Ｗが漏出せず、前記防火用シート１が吸水されるように構成されたものである。【選択図】図１
Patent UA-2658-U (UA)
Title: Пасажирський вагон
Inventor: MANACHYNSKYI OLEH VOLODYMYROVYCH
Filed: 2003-09-11
Abstract: 1. Пасажирський вагон призначений для перевезення пасажирів, у т.ч. пасажира-інваліда із супроводжуючою його особою, у якого, щонайменше, одна пара тамбурних бокових дверей обладнана піднімальними механізмами для пасажира-інваліда, тамбур виконаний збільшеним у порівнянні з тамбуром іншої сторони вагона, двері тамбура в косий коридор і двері бокового коридору забезпечують проходження крісел-колясок, який відрізняється тим, що місце розміщення пасажира-інваліда знаходиться в салоні вагона відкритого типу; 2. Пасажирський вагон за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що для запобігання довільного переміщення крісла-коляски під час руху вагона і виключення захаращення проходу салону, місце збереження крісла-коляски обладнано відкритою нішею з механізмом фіксації; 3. Пасажирський вагон за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що в негальмовому тамбурі вагона встановлені ремені безпеки, що попереджають випадкове падіння провідника з тамбура вагона при керуванні підйомниками під час посадки у вагон пасажира -інваліда, що знаходиться в кріслі-колясці; 4. Пасажирський вагон за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що відстань між рядами сидінь пасажира-інваліда і спереду сидячих пасажирів виконана збільшеною.
Patent UA-7559-U (UA)
Title: Method for correcting body weight
Inventor: DOLHYI VOLODYMYR VASYLIOVYCH
IPC: A61H39/00
Filed: 2005-03-02
Abstract: The method for correcting body weight provides for the individual conversation, the individual selection of food products, and medicamentous correction. The individual selection of food products is performed with the aid of electropuncture diagnostics. The Biological corrector of body weight is prescribed according to Dr. Pavlusenko,s prescription. In addition oily biological complex prescribed by Dr. Pavlusenko is used with such preparations as Detox-formula, Vitabalance, Spirylina-forte.
Patent UA-9812-U (UA)
Title: Device for tightening and unscrewing of studs
Inventor: MIKULIONOK IHOR OLEHOVYCH
IPC: B25B27/14
Filed: 2005-04-05
Abstract: Device for tightening and unscrewing of studs contains housing with blind threaded hole and threaded pin located in the bottom of said hole. In this case, an additional threaded blind hole is made in the housing coaxially with blind threaded hole.
Patent UA-12895-U (UA)
Title: Piezoelectric mechanical-electric transducer
Inventor: SHARAPOV VALERII MYKHAILOVYCH
IPC: G01L1/16
Filed: 2005-06-13
Abstract: The proposed piezoelectric mechanical-electric transducer contains a piezoelectric element shaped as a parallelepiped with two pairs of electrodes and two matching amplifiers. The electrodes of each pair of the electrodes are arranged at two sides of the piezoelectric element. The electrodes that are arranged at one of the sides are designed as theprojections of the electrodes that are arranged at the parallel side.
Patent UA-11885-U (UA)
Title: Device for helium-neon laser therapy
Inventor: ANTONIUK SERHII MYTROFANOVYCH
IPC: A61N5/06
Filed: 2005-07-04
Abstract: The device for helium-neon laser therapy comprises the monofiber quartz light-guide. The distal end of the device contains the demountable tube made of the quartz glass with the opening in the wall for inserting the light-guide.
Patent UA-13111-U (UA)
Title: Device for monitoring the service life of a switching unit
Inventor: GRABKO VOLODYMYR VITALIIOVYCH
IPC: G07C3/10
Filed: 2005-09-23
Abstract: The proposed device for monitoring the service life of a switching unit contains a current transducer, a commutation detector, an operation hours meter, an analog-to-digital converter, a memory unit, a timing unit, and a testing unit. The testing unit provides transmitting the alarm signal after theservice life of the switching unit.
Patent UA-13717-U (UA)
Title: A method for making composition superhard material
Inventor: NOVIKOV MYKOLA VASYLIOVYCH
IPC: C01B21/064
Filed: 2005-10-14
Abstract: A method for making composition superhard material involves briquetting seed powder, treatment thereof with carbon-containing gas with the subsequent making polishing powders from the obtained composition material. As seed powder fine-grained powder of cubic boron nitride is taken, which is treated before briquetting by 1-3 % alcoholic or aqueous solution of gelatin, and the treatment by carbon-containing gas is performed during 20-40 minutes in the reactor at a pressure of methane of 2.2.104 - 2.6.104 Pa, at rate of passing methane through the reactor of 2.0.10-5 - 8.0.10-5 m3/s, at the temperature of 900-1200 DEGREE C.
Patent UA-14282-U (UA)
Title: Device for multiplying matrices
Inventor: YELFIMOVA LARYSA DMYTRIVNA
IPC: G06F15/00
Filed: 2005-10-24
Abstract: The proposed device for multiplying matrices contains modules for performing computing operations, registers, a timing unit, two multiplexers, and AND logic elements.
Patent UA-14331-U (UA)
Title: Method for monitoring of postoperative patients with breast cancer stage i and ii
Inventor: VASYLIEV LEONID YAKOVYCH
IPC: A61B6/00
Filed: 2005-11-07
Abstract: The method for the monitoring of postoperative patients with breast cancer stage I and II comprises the complex examination at specified time after surgery. The risk factors of distant metastases are assessed, and the groups of the increased risk are delineated. In patients without risk factors, the tumor marker blood content is assayed. When the tumor marker blood content increases at any specified time of examination, X-ray examination of the lungs and ultrasound examination of the liver are performed followed by osteoscintigraphy in the case of the ambiguous results obtained with the use ofthe previous techniques. Anyway, osteoscintigraphy is performed right after the surgery. When the remote metastases are found, the additional treatment is assigned.
Patent UA-14377-U (UA)
Title: A method for controlling the process for agglomeration process of conveyer agglomeration machine with the cooling zone
Inventor: POPOV ANATOLII LEONIDOVYCH
IPC: C22B1/20
Filed: 2005-11-14
Abstract: A method for controlling the process for agglomeration of conveyer agglomeration machine with the cooling zone involves analysis of effluent gases for content of carbonic gas (CO2) in the vacuum chambers of the charge sintering zone directly below sintering carriages and stabilization of the point of finishing the process of sintering. The content of CO2 is measured on the section from the alternate vacuum-chamber which is located directly behind the burning hearth to the last vacuum-chamber of the charge sintering zone, and at the end of sintering the height of combustion zone is determined according to the formula.
Patent UA-29942-U (UA)
Title: Method for obtaining topinambour seed in field conditions of volyno-podilska lisostep (volyn-podillia forest steppe) of ukraine
Inventor: RYKHLIVSKYI IHOR PETROVYCH
IPC: A01G1/00
Filed: 2005-11-23
Abstract: A method for obtaining the topinambour seed in the field conditions of the Volyn-Podillia Forest Steppe of Ukraine such that after emergence of sproutings the plants develop in usual field conditions in the course of the time equivalent to 600 °С of effective temperatures above 10 °С. After that they are subjected to daily shading from 10 till 12 am in the course of the time equivalent to 400 °С of effective temperatures above 10 °С. The shading is carried out with paper caps which are put on the plant tops.
Patent UA-15542-U (UA)
Title: Toothed reducer
Inventor: PIPA BORYS FEDOROVYCH
IPC: F16H1/20
Filed: 2005-12-02
Abstract: The toothed reducer has the driven and the driving shafts, those are installed coaxially, rigidly fixed on the shafts and kinematically connected to each other pinion of driving shaft, toothed wheel of driven shaft, toothed wheel and pinion of intermediate shaft. The reducer is equipped with additional intermediate shaft placed at opposite side with respect to the intermediate shaft, toothed wheel and pinion, additional intermediate shaft, this is kinematically connected, respectively, to the pinion of the driving shaft and to the toothed wheel of the driven shaft. The axles of the driving, the driven and the intermediate shafts are placed in one plane. All pinions and toothed wheels are made conical.
Patent UA-17594-U (UA)
Title: Method for obtaining information pure water
Inventor: DUNOVSKYI SERHII OLEKSANDROVYC
IPC: C02F1/30
Filed: 2005-12-12
Abstract: A method for obtaining information pure water comprises ionization of water molecules by any known method. Water molecules are divided by polarity, quasistable water molecules are obtained, upon which act with light beam of given intensity, density, wave length and respective polarization depending on type of molecules polarity. Modified water molecules are obtained, which interact between themselves, forming clathrates and molecular crystals of information pure water.
Patent UA-14788-U (UA)
Title: Method for treating chronic heart failure in aged patients with systolic dysfunction of left ventricle in setting of ischemic heart disease and hypertonic disease
Inventor: KOVALEVSKA LIUDMYLA ANDRIIVNA
IPC: A61K47/38
Filed: 2006-01-03
Abstract: The method for treating the chronic heart failure in the aged patients with the systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in the setting of the ischemic heart disease and the hypertonic disease provides for the use of the blockers of angiotensin receptors. Candesar is used per os at the dose of 4-8 mg, once a day for 5-6 months. In the case of the decompensation of the chronic heart failure, the course is repeated again.
Patent UA-15288-U (UA)
Title: Method for correcting psycho-emotional state in complex treatment of injuries of maxillofacial area
Inventor: SHUVALOV SERHII MYKHAILOVYCH
IPC: A61K31/00
Filed: 2006-01-10
Abstract: The method for correcting psycho-emotional state in the complex treatment of the injuries of maxillofacial area provides for the use of the pharmaceutical drugs. In addition, Phytosed is prescribed. The drug therapy combines with the surgery.
Patent UA-17324-U (UA)
Title: UNMANNED AIRCRAFT ôMONOLITHö
Inventor: KUDRIN ANATOLII PAVLOVYCH
IPC: B64C29/00
Filed: 2006-04-06
Abstract: An unmanned aircraft contains a housing of round closed shape, a drive with horizontal propeller mounted into the housing, with lower air-relief and upper air intake openings. The housing is hollow in the form of annular wing and in the section it has a wing profile. Inside the housing at least two guiding planes are mounted, near each of which a deflector is mounted. In the lower part of the housing at least two control jets are mounted, each ofwhich is executed in the form of a channel, which passes at angle to the vertical axis of aircraft through the housing and it is closed from its inside with a fold cinematically connected with the drive.
Patent UA-20285-U (UA)
Title: Heat generator for air heating at burning fuel of plant origin
Inventor: CHERNIAKOV VIKTOR YEVHENIIEVYC
IPC: F23G7/00
Filed: 2006-07-21
Abstract: Heat generator for air heating at burning fuel of plant origin in which fan for supply of heated air is mounted outside the body over the door, its suction branch pipe is connected to the opening for atmospheric air intake through collector and air channel between the body and the furnace chamber.
Patent UA-21857-U (UA)
Title: Method for conservative treatment of contusion injury of eye
Inventor: CHUDNIAVTSEVA NATALIIA OLEKSAN
IPC: A61F9/00
Filed: 2006-09-18
Abstract: The method for the conservative treatment of the contusion injury of the eye relates to the medicine, namely to the ophthalmology and may be used for treating the blunt injury of the eye.
Patent UA-26132-U (UA)
Title: Radiator of cooling system of internal combustion engine
Inventor: KULIKOV YURII ANDRIIOVYCH
IPC: B60K11/00
Filed: 2007-03-12
Abstract: A radiator of the cooling system of internal combustion engine contains tubes, V-shaped louvered ribbing, bent back crosses.
Patent UA-24046-U (UA)
Title: Method of making decorative coating on relief surface of artificial facing stone
Inventor: ISAI SERHII VOLODYMYROVYCH
IPC: B05D5/00
Filed: 2007-04-23
Abstract: A method for making decorative coating on relief surface of the artificial facing material in which layers of lacquer coating of different colours are applied successively on the surface to be processed, each coating layer is dried. After application of one or more basic layers of coating the surface relief is accented by application of coating of other colours on the relief elements.
Patent UA-26356-U (UA)
Title: Surveying goniometric system
Inventor: SORVA OLEKSANDR ANDRIIOVYCH
IPC: G01B9/10
Filed: 2007-06-12
Abstract: The proposed surveying goniometric system contains an azimuth ring, a zenith quadrant, which is installed at the azimuth ring which a possibility to rotate around the geometrical axis, a spectroradiometer with a driving motor, which is installed at a tripod, and additionally, for a possibility to check the initial position of the spectroradiometer, a low-power laser, which is installed at the tripod do that the optical axes of the laser and the spectroradiometer intersect at the geometric center of the azimuth ring. The spectroradiometer is designed with a possibility to adjust its optical axis in the vertical plane and horizontal planes.
Patent UA-30040-U (UA)
Title: Method for preventing diseases in commercial fresh-water fishes
Inventor: ZAIKA LEONID ANDRIIOVYCH
IPC: A01K61/00
Filed: 2007-09-28
Abstract: A method for preventing the diseases in commercial fresh-water fishes comprises the addition of Izatison as the immunomodulating substance to the feed of such fishes.
Patent UA-30066-U (UA)
Title: Bipolar key
Inventor: BUTENKO VOLODYMYR MYKHAILOVYCH
IPC: H03K17/62
Filed: 2007-10-12
Abstract: A bipolar key, in which it is entered the third and the fourth key normally closed MIS transistors with build-in output protective diodes and the second optical coupler, which includes a light-emitting diode and photovoltaic element pair, and also additional input bus, sources of the third and the fourth transistors are connected one with another and with the first terminal of the photovoltaic element of the second optical coupler. Gates of the third and the fourth transistors are connected one with another and with the second terminal of the photovoltaic element of the second optical coupler. The third and the fourth transistors drains are connected accordingly with additional input and output buses. Cathode of light-emitting diode of the first optical coupler is connected with anode of light-emitting diode of the second optical coupler, cathode of which being connected with additional control bus.
Patent UA-30484-U (UA)
Title: Process for wastewater purification of landfills of solid domestic waste
Inventor: STALINSKYI DMYTRO VITALIIOVYCH
IPC: C02F9/00
Filed: 2007-11-20
Abstract: A process for wastewater purification of landfills of solid domestic waste relates to the processes for water purification and can be used for increasing of purification efficiency of wastewater with the decrease of sorbent expenses.
Patent UA-32636-U (UA)
Title: Process for preparation of metacrylonitrile
Inventor: ZHYZNEVSKYI V IACHESLAV MYKHAI
IPC: B01J23/70
Filed: 2008-01-02
Abstract: A process for the preparation of metacrylonitrile by oxidizing amonolysis of alcohols Cin the presence of catalyst based on Fe, Mo oxides. Isobutyl alcohol is used as a raw material. The process is conducted at the temperature of 583-703 K and time of contact of 3.6-4.8 s, and a catalyst is used, which composition corresponds to the empirical formula FeTeMoBaO, where x – 0.05-0.1, y - number of oxygen atoms in the system, which corresponds to the valence of the atoms of metals, which form part of catalyst.
Patent UA-33275-U (UA)
Title: Carrier for catalyst
Inventor: TROFYMOV OLEKSANDR MYKOLAIOVYCH
IPC: B01J21/00
Filed: 2008-02-29
Abstract: A carrier for catalyst includes clay, quartz sand, and kaolin. It additionally contains hydro-oxide of aluminum, which solution is preliminarily treated by magnetostatic field, and roentgen-amorphous dioxide of titanium.
Patent UA-34546-U (UA)
Title: Device for fixation of tension ceiling professional
Inventor: LITVIN YURII ANATOLIIOVYCH
IPC: E04B9/18
Filed: 2008-04-08
Abstract: Device for fixation of tension ceiling includes profile element that has at least one horizontal shelf with vertical ribs – nearest to wall and distant from it, those form open cavity for installation of harpoon with web fixed on it. The device has at least one profile element made of metal and at least one made of plastic, on vertical rib distant from wall fixation lug is arranged, on the nearest to wall rib – support lug and inner skew, and the harpoon is arranged as profile element closing the cavity, this follows its configuration as vertical section that has support lug at one side and horizontal shelf at the other side, at that in the place of connection of vertical part and horizontal shelf fixation slot is provided.
Patent UA-37616-U (UA)
Title: method of increasing the duration of the operation of welded CONDUCTOR bond
Inventor: RUDENKO OLEKSANDR BORYSOVYCH
IPC: B61L23/00
Filed: 2008-04-15
Abstract: A method of increasing the duration of the operation of welded conductor bond, at which the conductor bond is fixed between the components of rails. Before welding the bond is oriented in such a way that the stress action at displacement of rails relative to each other during passage of the wheels of rolling stock in the near-cup area of the conductor bond is of tangential nature.
Patent UA-38836-U (UA)
Title: Method to make insert of sliding friction pair
Inventor: ISCHENKO ANATOLII OLEKSIIOVYCH
IPC: F16C19/00
Filed: 2008-06-20
Abstract: A method for manufacturing of insert of sliding friction pair that has grooves for oil and openings for its supply to slide plane that includes arrangement in chess order of discrete cylindrical depressions on surface of the insert and filling those with solid lubricant in fluid state, at that distance in horizontal direction between the centers of the depressions is less than 2 diameters of those. Cylindrical depressions are connected to each other in each row with opening for pumping in material of lubricant with installation of special removable template with openings that restricts material being pumped in with slide plane.
Patent UA-37043-U (UA)
Title: Method for determination of viscosity of liquid at high pressures
Inventor: KOSYNSKYI VOLODYMYR VOLODYMYROVYCH
IPC: G01N11/00
Filed: 2008-07-01
Abstract: Method for determination of viscosity of liquid at high pressures includes pouring liquid under investigation to high pressure chamber, placement of supplementary solid body to liquid, forming pressure in chamber, reading data and determination of viscosity. As supplementary body under investigation one uses sample made of porous material. After having formed high pressure body under investigation is kept there not less than 30 seconds, after that during not more than 0.1 s one releases pressure in chamber to atmospheric one, body under investigation is taken out from chamber and by depth of zone of its destruction one determines viscosity of liquid under investigation.
Patent UA-52221-U (UA)
Title: area of machine for continuous casting billets
Inventor: PTUKHA SERHII VIKTOROVYCH
IPC: B22D11/00
Filed: 2008-08-19
Abstract: An area of machine for continuous casting of billets includes a cutter, a roller conveyor with drive rollers, a rack and a stop in the area of rack, vertical posts, lodgements for rolled billets, a drive of turning, a hoist for the rolled billets, grippers with receiving surfaces for the rolled billets.
Patent UA-40896-U (UA)
Title: Device for accelerating PURIFICATION of food suspensions
Inventor: POHREBNIAK VOLODYMYR HRYHOROVYCH
IPC: B01D21/01
Filed: 2008-12-10
Abstract: A device for accelerating cleaning of food suspensions has an over-slot chamber, which is connected with a discharge slot and with a tank with solution of flocculant, which is connected with a device for determination of the time of discharge of preset volume of the solution of flocculant and with a manostat. A buffer chamber is installed inside the over-slot chamber and is connected with the tank with solution of flocculant and with a plate with openings for throttling, which is installed inside the over-slot chamber and is connected with a variable insert and with the buffer chamber. The variable insert is installed inside the over-slot chamber at the angle of 165° and is connected with the discharge slot of housing.
Patent UA-42487-U (UA)
Title: system of separation of liquid mixtures by evaporation through membranes
Inventor: SCHUTSKYI IHOR VALENTYNOVYCH
IPC: B01D63/06
Filed: 2009-01-20
Abstract: A system of separation of liquid mixtures by evaporation through membranes includes a branch pipe for supply of primary mixture, a module of membrane separation process with branch pipes for removal of retant and permeate, and also a heat exchanger with a heating chamber, which contains inlet and outlet ducts, a chamber of heat-transfer agent with branch pipes for supply and removal of heat-transfer agent, the branch pipe for the primary mixture supply is connected with the modulus of the membrane separation process through the heating chamber of heat exchanger. The system contains, at least, two series-connected modules of membrane separation process, a retant collector and a recuperator with cooling and heating chambers. The branch pipe for removal of retant of last module is connected with the collector of retant through the cooling chamber of recuperator, while the branch pipe for the primary mixture supply is connected with the inlet duct of the heating chamber of heat exchanger through the heating chamber of recuperator.