Patent GB-205753-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to circuit breaker systems
IPC: H02H3/06
Filed: 1923-01-19
Abstract: 205,753. British Thomson - Houston Co., Ltd., (General Electric Co.). Jan. 19, 1923. Cut-out systems.-In an automatically-reclosing circuit-breaker system of the kind in which the reclosure is produced by the potential across a resister introduced across the main circuitbreaker when it opens, means comprising a Wheatstone bridge connection of the resister, auxiliary resistances, and the load are provided to ensure that the load resistance necessary to reclose the circuit breaker is independent of normal voltage variations of the supply, or varies directly (instead of inversely as hitherto) with the voltage variations. As shown in Fig. 1, the main circuit-breaker 1, short-circuited by the resister 30, has a closing and maintaining coil 7 and front and back contacts 8, 9. The load circuit 2, 3 contains the overload cut-out 11, which has a slow-return action. A polarized reclosing relay 15 has a polarizing winding 24 connected across the supply when the main circuit-breaker is open and an operating winding 25 connected across the " galvanometer connection " of a Wheatstone bridge arrangement of resistances comprising the resister 30, the upper part of an auxiliary resistance 31, which is connected across the supply circuit 4, 5 when the circuit-breaker 1 is open, the lower portion of the resistance 31, and the load resistance. The bridge is supplied with potential by connection across the supply and the voltage across 25 is the difference between the voltage drop across the lower portion of 31 and the potential across the load. In the normal closed position shown, 7 is connected across 4, 5 through 10. Back contacts 9 are open, and, consequently, 24 and 31 are open-circuited. The closed circuitbreaker 1 short-circuits 25 and the upper part of 31. Consequently, the reclosing relay is not energized and remains closed under the action of the spring 21. In the event of overload or shortcircuit, 11 opens, de-energizing 7; circuit breaker 1 opens and back contacts 9 are closed, thereby connecting resistance 31 and polarizing coil 24 across 4, 5. At the same time, the short-circuit across 30 is removed and a small current flows to the load. The voltage drop across 31 in comparison with that across the load is, however, small, and the current in the operating winding 25 is sufficient to open the reclosing relay. The opening movement may be ensured by allowing the movement of the overload relay to move the armature 20 positively. The overload relay returns to the closed position, after a time interval, and, as the load resistance increases, the potential across 25 decreases until, finally, spring 21 moves the reclosing relay back to the closed position, thereby completing the circuit of 7 and reclosing the main circuit-breaker. With the Wheatstone bridge connection described, the potential across the winding 25 varies directly with the potential of the supply and, if the reclosing relay be arranged to close when the current in the winding 25 is zero, the reclosure of the main circuit-breaker at a given load resistance may be made independent of the variations of the voltage of the supply. Similarly, by suitable design of the reclosing relay in relation to the resistances, the amount of load resistance required to reclose the circuit-breaker may be made to vary directly with the voltage.