Patent GB-422242-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of textile assistants
Filed: 1933-11-27
Abstract: Products useful as wetting and emulsifying agents are made by condensing and unsaturated terpene alcohol, or an unsaturated aliphatic alcohol containing at least six carbon atoms, with an aromatic hydrocarbon or a hydroxy or halogen derivative thereof in the presence of an acid condensing agent, and sulphonating the product.  Specified alcohols are oleic alcohol; undecylenic alcohol; erucyl alcohol; unsaturated alcohols obtainable by reducing unsaturated fatty acid esters; unsaturated alcohols occurring in certain waxes, such as sperm oil or Dögling's oil; unsaturated alcohols obtainable by treating chlorinated paraffins with alkalies; terpineol; and isopulegol; pine oil containing substantial proportions of unsaturated terpene alcohols may also be used. Specified aromatic hydrocarbons and derivatives are benzene, naphthalene, phenol, cresols, naphthols, chlorophenols, and chlorocresols.  Specified acid condensing agents for use in the first stage are aluminium chloride, zinc chloride, and sulphuric acid, diluted if necessary.  Specified sulphonating agents are concentrated sulphuric acid, chlorsulphonic acid, fuming sulphuric acid or mixtures thereof.  A solvent or diluent, e.g. ether or acetic acid, and a waterbinding substance, e.g. acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride, may be added to the sulphonation mixture.  When a terpene alcohol is treated, condensation and sulphonation may be effected simultaneously with the aid of the sulphonating agents specified. The products may be used alone or with solvents, soaps and saponaceous substances.  In the examples: (1) a solution of oleic alcohol in benzene is boiled with aluminium chloride, and the condensation product is extracted with ether and then sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid; the sulphonated product may be used for scouring wool; (2) a mixture of o-chlorophenol and pine oil is treated with chlorsulphonic acid; the product can be used as a wetting agent in carbonizing; (3) a mixture of m-cresol and pine oil is treated with chlorsulphonic acid.  Specification 365,170 is referred to.  A sample has been filed under Sect. 2 (5) of a product prepared by adding sulphuric acid to a mixture of phenol and terpineol, isolating the condensation product by dilution and neutralization, and sulphonating the condensation product with chlorsulphonic acid.ALSO:Products useful as emulsifying agents are made by condensing an unsaturated terpene alcohol, or an unsaturated aliphatic alcohol containing at least six carbon atoms, with an aromatic hydrocarbon or a hydroxy or halogen derivative thereof in the presence of an acid condensing agent, and sulphonating the product.  Specified alcohols are oleic alcohol: undecylenic alcohol; erucyl alcohol; unsaturated alcohols obtainable by reducing unsaturated fatty acid esters; unsaturated alcohols occurring in certain waxes, such as sperm oil or Do gling's oil; unsaturated alcohols obtainable by treating chlorinated paraffins with alkalies: terpineol; and isopulegol; pine oil containing substantial proportions of unsaturated terpene alcohols may also be used. Specified aromatic hydrocarbons and derivatives are benzene, naphthalene, phenol, cresols, naphthols, chlorophenols, and chlorocresols.  When a terpene alcohol is treated, condensation and sulphonation may be effected simultaneously.  The products may be used alone or with solvents, soaps and saponsceous substances.  In the examples, (1) a solution of oleic alcohol in benzene is boiled with aluminium chloride, and the condensation product is extracted with ether and then sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid; (2) a mixture of o-chlorophenol and pine oil is treated with chlorsulphonic acid; (3) a mixture of m-cresol and pine oil is treated with chlorsulphonic acid.  Specification 365,170, [Group IV], is referred to.  A sample has been filed under Sect. 2 (5) of a product prepared by adding sulphuric acid to a mixture of phenol and terpineol, isolating the condensation product by dilution and neutralization, and sulphonating the condensation product with chlorsulphonic acid.