Patent GB-1349922-A (GB)
Title: Multiple ratio power transmission mechanism
IPC: F16H61/06
Filed: 1972-04-25
Abstract: 1349922 Change-speed gear and control FORD MOTOR CO Ltd 25 April 1972 [17 June 1971] 19112/72 Heading F2D A torque-converter-driven change-speed gear, giving three reduced ratios, direct-drive and one reverse, comprises a first sun-ring train 68 driving, in series through an intermediate shaft 76, second and third sun-ring trains 84, 86, arranged as a Simpson gear-set, and contained in a housing portion partitioned from that of the first train. The first train has a direct drive clutch 64 between its input ring 66 and reaction sun 70, and a reduced drive brake 56 for the sun 70, its output carrier 74 being fast on the intermediate shaft 76. The Simpson set has the usual forward input clutch 116 to the first ring 130, a directreverse input clutch 114 to the common suns 90, a low brake 102 in parallel with a one-way brake 110 for the rear carrier, and an intermediate brake 128 for the common suns, output 94 being taken from the connected front carrier 92 and rear ring 96. A tail shaft governor 144 and input-driven pump 52 form part of the automatic fluid pressure control system for the clutches and brakes, which is as follows. Fluid pressure supply and regulation.-Pressure supplied by the single input-driven pump 52 is regulated to a main line 204 by a main regulator valve 202, loaded by a spring and by a boost piston 214, loaded on a second differential land by throttle pressure 258, 225 (see below), through a cut-back valve 226 actuated by output-speed-responsive governor pressure 270, 242, to exhaust this line 225 at higher speeds; and also loaded on its left end by throttle 258, 234, for which is substituted line pressure 269 supplied in settings 1, 2 and R of a manual range selector valve 300, through a 2- low range coast boost valve 264. In R setting, line pressure 322, from the manual valve 300 is applied through a line 224 to a third differential land on the booster 214 to increase regulator valve loading. In all forward settings of the manual valve 300, line pressure also acts through a line 412 negatively on the reverse and low brake servo 115, this line 412, which also supplies the governor 144, being exhausted in R setting. Shift control pressures. Governor.-A twostage output driven governor 144 (not described) supplies governor pressure to a line 270, which provides direct upshift (leftward) loading of 1-2 and 2-3 shift valves 428, 446; and upshift (rightward) movement of a 3-4 shift valve 334 through a 4-3 coast scheduling valve 462, which has a regulating action, producing a reduced governor pressure to act at 360 on the 3-4 shift valve 334, so that 4-3 downshift occurs at a higher speed than with direct governor loading. Throttle.-An engine intake-pressure-loaded regulator valve 230, supplied with line pressure 204, 254, 256, regulates throttle pressure into a line 258, which directly loads the main regulator 202, but which, before being applied to the shift-valves for downshift loading, is modified by a throttle pressure booster 260, which regulates between throttle pressure 258 and line pressure 204, 254, to supply a boosted throttle pressure line 196, in which the pressure, although still throttle-responsive, increases at greater rate at high throttle openings. Before acting rightwards on the 1-2 and 2-3 shift valves 428, 446, the boosted throttle pressure 196 is modulated to a lower value by a throttle pressure modulator valve 198 at the left end of the 2-3 shift valve 446, a similar modulator 350 being provided at the right end of the 3-4 shift valve 334. Shift valves. Manual.-The manual ranging valve 300 has settings RND 321, D providing automatic shift between all four forward ratios in accordance with output speed and intake depression. Settings 3, 2, 1 prevent upshift beyond the ratio specified, but if entered at excessive speed, cause the higher ratio to persist until overcome by reduction in governor pressure, whereupon the lower ratio is permanently locked in by line pressure acting on differential lands of the shift valves. Automatic.-Differentially-landed 1-2 and 2-3 shift valves 428, 446 are upshift loaded by governor pressure 270, and 3-4 shift valve by governor pressure 360 reduced by the 3-4 coast scheduling valve 462. Downshift load is by modulated boosted throttle pressure as above described. Kickdown.-A mechanically-operated kickdown valve 314, supplies line pressure 318, 186 and 320 to downshift the 2-3 shift valve 446 below a predetermined governor pressure. A 2-inhibitor valve 378 is shifted right by governor pressure 270, 386, to exhaust the line 380, 318, 186 thus preventing forced downshift by the 2-3 shift valve 446 at excessive speed. Shift timing.-An accumulator 166 is introduced by a one-way valve 164 into the exhausting line 160 from the release side of the second brake 150 on 3-2 downshift to assist timing of brake engagement. A 2-3 back-out valve 448 is normally urged left by throttle pressure 258, but, during a lowthrottle 3-2 downshift, is urged right by pressure 162 in the third clutch 114, to connect that line 162 with the apply side of the second brake 150, which thus acts as an accumulator to delay disengagement of the clutch and cushion application of the brake. A governor-controlled 3-2 coast control valve 276 and 3-2 timing valve 278 each insert a common restrictor 280 in the release line 160 of the second brake 150 to delay its application, the first at speeds less than 20 m.p.h., the second at speeds above 50 m.p.h., the latter to allow time for engine acceleration on 3-2 downshift. A governor controlled 4-3 timing valve 400 and 4-3 coast valve 420 similarly insert a restrictor 410 in the exhausting release line 372 of the third brake 362 on 4-3 downshift. A throttle-pressure-controlled 3-4 back-out valve 392, at low throttle pressure, communicates the apply side 366 of the third brake 362 with the releasing fourth ratio clutch 64 which then acts as an accumulator to cushion brake application on 4-3 downshift.