Patent GB-802254-A (GB)
Title: Improved method and apparatus for improving the adhesive properties of plastic materials
IPC: B29C71/00
Filed: 1956-05-10
Abstract: <PICT:0802254/IV (a)/1> A method of treating the surface of an organic plastic material, to improve the receptivity and adhering of said surface to substances such as ink, coating materials, decorations, or laminations, comprises contacting said surface with a dielectric material different from said organic plastic material in the presence of a varying electric field.  As shown, a plastic web P is passed between a drum 16, having a conducting surface or covered with a dielectric material the same as that of the web, and a series of drums 34 covered with a dielectric material other than that of the web, and in contact with at least the latter dielectric.  The drums 34 are of steel with a copper-plated layer and an outer chromium layer, and may be slightly shorter than the web width to leave the edges of the web untreated.  The upper drums are the treating drums, and increased receptivity to ink &c. is imparted to the upper surface of the web.  Alternatively, the lower drum may be used as the treating drum by reversing the dielectrics.  The dielectric on the treating drums may be of kraft paper, nylon, varnished or shellaced silk, linen or cabric, with underlayers of wax paper, and less than 20 mm. thick, and should exhibit higher dielectric losses than the web material.  The web may be of polyethylene and may contain slip-agents, or may be of polytetrafluorethylene, polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene, or copolymerized vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate.  The drums 34 are electrically connected through inductors, the drum 16 is grounded, and the drums 34 are connected to the + terminal of a D.C. supply 65, the negative terminal of which is grounded.  A coil 63 is provided in the circuit. A triode 50 is provided, of which the cathode is grounded, the grid is grounded through a resistor 52, and the anode is connected through an R.F. choke 60 to the positive terminal of a D.C. supply, the negative terminal of which is grounded.  Connected between the anode and grid through coupling and isolating condensers 54 is a coil 56, across which are connected the stators of a tuning condenser 58, the rotor of which is grounded.  By means of the condenser 58, the frequency of the oscillator constituted by the triode and its associated circuits is adjusted to the resonant frequency of the electrode circuit, which is a function of the coil 63 and the inter-electrode capacitance.  By means of the coils 56, 63 a high-frequency A.C. voltage is superimposed on the D.C. voltage. The A.C. voltage, owing to the inductors connecting the drums 34, will appear on successive drums 34 in phase-delayed relationship. The D.C. voltage may be 1000-3000 and the A.C. voltage 900-2000 at from 1 Kc. to 1 mc.  In general, a higher voltage rate is required for a higher treatment rate, higher speed of web feed, and greater slip-agent content.  The voltage required is reduced if the web is given a prior electrostatic charge by passing it over a burlap apron. Alternatively, an A.C. voltage of 800-1500 at 1-1000 kc/s. may be superimposed on the low-frequency A.C. voltage of 900-2000 at 25-500 cycles.  For treating separate flat articles of organic plastic material, one of the electrodes may be an endless belt having a conducting core or surface.  The non-treating surface may be spaced 1/8 -\ba1/4 inch from the web, in which case it is a conducting surface, the D.C. voltage applied is in the neighbourhood of gaseous discharge point in the electrode zone, and the A.C. voltage alternately establishes and extinguishes an electrical gaseous discharge between the electrodes.  The drum 16 may be replaced by a number of small rollers, which may each be earthed, or alternatively may be connected by phase delay element, only one then being earthed.