Patent GB-365040-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in textile materials and the production thereof
IPC: D06M15/15
Filed: 1930-10-02
Abstract: Yarns or threads of natural and/or artificial materials other than those consisting solely of cellulose acetate or other organic derivatives of cellulose, such as natural filaments or fibres of silk, cotton, or wool, or artificial silks of the reconstituted cellulose type as viscose, nitrocellulose, and cuprammonium silk, are coated at frequent intervals along their length with a remov-able size.  When yarns are woven the size is removed by scouring, whereby, in the case of high-twist yarns, a crape or cockled effect is produced in the fabric.  The size may be any which is commonly used for the particular material, or may be any of those described in Specifications 348,589, 352,451, and 357,169, which are particularly suitable for yarns which are to be highly twisted, and the swelling treatments described in the above-mentioned Specifications or in Specifications 351,999, 352,000, 356,233, and 357,084 may be applied to the yarns or fabrics to increase the crape effects.  The size may be applied to silk, or to cellulosic artificial silk filaments continuously with their production, and may serve to unite the filaments without the necessity of imparting twist or the additional twist usually imparted to slightly twisted filaments; it may also be applied to untwisted or slightly twisted yarns of natural or artificial filaments in bobbin-to-bobbin or other winding or twisting and winding operations, or to yarns of staple fibres of cellulosic or natural silk, of natural fibres, or of mixtures of such fibres with each other or staple fibres of cellulose acetate or other organic derivative of cellulose.  Highly twisted yarns may be intermittently sized after receiving the whole of their twist or a part thereof; a suitable degree of twist is about sixty turns per inch, and a yarn may be doubled with another, having the same or different twist in the same or in a different direction.  The size may be applied at regular or irregular intervals of regular or irregular duration by means of apparatus such as described in Specifications 325,823, 332,263, 332,290, and 337,423, [all in Class 140, Waterproof &c. fabrics], or by means of a fluted or corrugated roller over which the yarn passes or against which it is pressed by a plain roller, whereby size is applied in correspondence with the corrugations, this means being suitable for treating a number of yarns in sheet form in bobbin-to-bobbin or similar winding.  The yarns are dried relatively quickly by passing around or over heated drums or plates or through a heated atmosphere.  Twisting may be effected simultaneously with winding, but high twisting is preferably effected as a separate operation.  After weaving the fabric is scoured to remove the size, and, in the case of high-twist yarns the scouring bath may contain agents to cause the size or the filaments or fibres to swell.  The fabrics are preferably dried without tension.  The high-twist yarns may be used wholly or partly as weft, and as part of the warp, but, generally, the warp consists of low twist yarns and the weft of right-hand and left-hand twist yarn incorporated in any convenient manner, for example pairs of each hand alternating with each other. Specification 365,041 also is referred to.