Patent GB-458856-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of valuable hydrocarbon products by treatment with hydrogenating gases of distillable carbonaceous materials
IPC: C10G1/08
Filed: 1935-03-26
Abstract: The treatment of carbonaceous materials with hydrogenating gases, which expression includes the conversion of phenols and like oxygen and sulphur-containing compounds into the corresponding cyclic hydrocarbons, is carried out in presence of catalysts comprising preformed lead salts of formic acid or of organic sulphonic acids, together with other substances if desired, or a preformed lead salt of acetic acid, but in this case without the simultaneous application of acidic substances.  The lead salts of formic and sulphonic acids are preferably employed in conjunction with acids or acid salts, e.g. acid phosphates or sulphonates of tin, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, aluminium, vanadium, or chromium. 0,2--5 per cent of the lead salt is sufficient.  Besides the lead salts other lead-containing catalysts may be used, e.g. alkaline solutions of lead chromate, hydroxide, oxide dissolved in suitable media.  Organic tin and germanium compounds or compounds of the metals of Groups 5, 6 and 8, and halogens or halogen compounds may also be added, e.g. ammonium halides or halogen compounds of sulphur, carbon, or other metalloids.  Finely ground coal pasted with heavy oil and mixed with 2,4 per cent lead acetate is treated in thin layers on superposed discs in an autoclave.  The autoclave is heated to 460 DEG  C. and hydrogen under 200 atmos. pressure is circulated therethrough for three hours. 90 per cent of the coal is converted into liquid products containing 8,5 per cent asphalt.  Examples are also given in which the catalyst employed is (1) lead formate, (2) the lead salt of naphthalene sulphonic acid.  Specifications 286,679, [Class 32], 396,311, [Group III], 407,992, 408,002, 408,003, 408,004, 408,255; and 427,275, [Group III], are referred to.ALSO:The treatment of carbonaceous materials with hydrogenating gases, which expression includes destructive hydrogenation, the hydrogenation refining and purification of mineral oils, and the conversion of phenols and like sulphur and oxygen - containing compounds into the corresponding cyclic hydrocarbons, is carried out in presence of catalysts comprising preformed lead salts of formic acid or of organic sulphonic acids, together with other substances, if desired, or a preformed lead salt of acetic acid but in this case without the simultaneous application of acidic substances.  The lead salts of formic and sulphonic acid are preferably employed in conjunction with acids or acid salts, e.g. acid phosphates or sulphonates of tin, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, aluminium, vanadium, or chromium.  0,2--5 per cent of the lead salt is sufficient.  Besides the lead salts other lead containing catalysts may be used, e.g. alkaline solutions of lead chromate, hydroxide, oxide dissolved in suitable media.  Organic tin and germanium compounds or compounds of the metals of Groups 5, 6 and 8 halogens or halogen compounds may also be added, e.g. ammonium halides or halogen compounds of sulphur carbon or other metalloids. Finely ground coal pasted with heavy oil and mixed with 2,4 per cent lead acetate is treated in thin layers on superposed discs in an autoclave.  The autoclave is heated to 460 DEG C. and hydrogen under 200 atmos. pressure is circulated therethrough for three hours.  90 per cent of the coal is converted into liquid products containing 8,5 per cent asphalt. Examples are also given in which the catalyst employed is (1) lead formate, (2) the lead salt of naphthalene sulphonic acid. Specifications 286,679, [Class 32], 396,311, 407,992, 408,002, 408,003, 408,004, 408,255, and 427,275 are referred to.