Patent GB-189923404-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Treating Liquids with Gases and for Heating or Cooling Liquids for Distillatory and other Purposes.
Inventor: NAEF PAUL
Filed: 1899-11-23
Granted: 1900-11-23
Abstract: 23,404. Naef, P. April 26, [date applied for under Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, A.D. 1883]. Absorption apparatus; ammonium salts; bicarbonates; carbonates; liquids, treating with gases ; precipitating ; sodium salts.-Relates generally to the treatment of liquids with gases in order to heat, cool, distil, evaporate, discharge precipitates from, or otherwise treat them. The treatment is effected in a columnar vessel A, Fig. 1. The liquid to be treated is subjected to a preliminary heating or cooling in the tubular chambers C, D. If the liquid is to be distilled or heated, it is heated in D by the hot gases from the vessel A, and in C by the heating-agent which has been used in the tubular heater B. The distillation &c. is effected by gas or vapour admitted at 7, and the vapours are drawn off at 13 and passed through the tubular apparatus B, wherein they are heated by a suitable agent, such as hot furnace gases, and re-enter the vessel A through the pipe 17. The central pipe 2 of the plate 1 is made longer than usual at this point, so as to form a liquid seal where the vapours are drawn from the vessel A. This apparatus may be used for the distillation of ammoniacal liquors, milk of lime being injected through the pipe 40, and, if carbonic-acid gas is introduced at 7, much of the ammonia is obtained in the form of carbonate. The apparatus may also be used for cooling purposes, in which case the tubular chamber D is dispensed with, but that at C may be used to effect a preliminary cooling of the liquid. In this way bicarbonate may be precipitated by carbonic acid from brine saturated with ammonia. A modified apparatus is described in which the heater B is divided horizontally into three parts, but the tubes run continuously through all the parts. They serve in turn to receive and heat the vapours from the vessel A and return them to it, the vapours being taken from and returned to the vessel A at successively higher points. When used for cooling purposes, the cooling may be effected by the expansion of compressed and cooled air. In another modification, which is chiefly applicable for cooling liquids, and can be used for precipitating bicarbonate in the ammonia-soda process, the vessel A is connected at three points with tubular coolers, so that the liquid in its passage down the vessel A passes away from it into the uppermost of these coolers, and then back again into the vessel A, and in a similar manner it passes into the other coolers. Fig. 4 shows an apparatus for the treatment of semi-liquids or liquids, such as sewage, which contain solids. It consists of two revolving cylinders A', A', provided with perforated partitions and baffle-plates, and with scoops on the interior of the walls to agitate the liquid. The liquid flows from the vessel 84, which may be a heating or cooling appliance, into the cylinder A', and then through the pipe 77 into the cylinder A'. The vessels A<111>, B<111> serve for heating (or cooling) the gas with which the liquid is treated, the gas being first treated in the vessel A<111>, and then, after it has passed through the cylinder A<2>, it is treated in the vessel B<111> before it enters the cylinder A<1>. Sewage may be evaporated to dryness in this apparatus, and the sludge can be subjected in it to dry distillation for the production of ammonia.