baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent EP-0519139-B1 (EP)
Inventor: HESS RAYMOND
IPC: B01D3/36
Filed: 1991-06-12
Granted: 1995-11-08
Abstract: This process for the purification by distillation of glycidyl (meth)acrylate containing light impurities and heavy impurities, is characterised in that: in a first stage, a distillation of the glycidyl (meth)acrylate to be purified is carried out in the presence of a first solvent capable of forming a low boiling point heteroazeotrope with the light impurities and epichlorohydrin, so as to obtain a tops (head fraction) which consists of a solvent/light product heteroazeotrope; and in a second stage, the glycidyl (meth)acrylate thus freed of the light products is subjected to a distillation in the presence of a second solvent capable of forming a low boiling point heteroazeotrope with glycidyl (meth)acrylate, so as to obtain a tops (head fraction) consisting of the desired pure glycidyl (meth)acrylate, thus freed of heavy impurities, the said solvents being, during these two distillations, present throughout the distillation region, including the distillation vessel.
Patent EP-0465368-B1 (EP)
Inventor: CAILLE JEAN-CLAUDE
IPC: A61K31/415
Filed: 1991-07-04
Granted: 1998-05-20
Abstract: The invention relates to the products: <IMAGE>  in which:  R1 = alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylthio,  R2B and R3B representing:  - hydrogen, mercapto, formyl, acyl, carboxy, nitro, cyano,  - PO3(R)2, R representing hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, amino or carbamoyl,  - the radicals R4B; - S(O)nR4B; <IMAGE> n = 0 to 2  X = aryl R4B either represents -(CH2)m1-S(O)m2-X-R10, m1 = 0 to 4, m2 = 0 to 2  either m1 is other than 0 and X-R10 represents amino, or whatever the value of m1, X represents single bond or -NH-, -NH-CO-, -NH-CO-NH-,  R10 = alkyl, alkenyl or aryl  or represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, acyl or amino, - -S-S-R4B', R4B' represents R4B except for amino and alkoxy, and one of R2B and R3B represents -OR4B;  - -S(O)nR4B; <IMAGE> or -S-S-R4B'  m = 0 to 2,  YB = -Y1B-B-Y2B,  Y1B is aryl, B = single bond or -CO-, -O-, -NH-CO-, -CO-NH-, -O-(CH2)p-, p = 1 to 3, Y2B represents hydrogen, cyano, carboxy; in all the isomeric forms and the salts; and to their use as medicaments.
Patent EP-0490779-B1 (EP)
Inventor: DRUESNE GUY
IPC: B65D41/62
Filed: 1991-10-15
Granted: 1994-11-30
Abstract: The invention relates to a metal cap, the thickness of the skirt of which is 0.06 to 0.4 mm, with at least one tearing ling which includes a cut or tear line and alternating transverse reliefs and external recesses, each recess ending in the tearing line or at least within 0.5 mm thereof, the thickness of the bottom wall of the tear line being 20 to 70% of the thickness of the skirt, and the tearing line having a bottom thickness which is at most equal to 70% of the thickness of the skirt. The invention also relates to a method of producing the cap. The invention is applicable to obtaining tearable tabs for metal caps which tabs tear entirely along the rear line provided without dangerous edges.
Patent EP-0504280-B1 (EP)
Title: Procédé pour la préparation de mélanges contenant un polyester, un oxyde de polyphenylene  et des copolymères bloc et/ou greffés du polyester et de l'oxyde de polyphénylène.
Inventor: TANG REGINALD T-H
IPC: C08L67/02
Filed: 1990-11-30
Granted: 1995-08-09
Abstract: Procédé de formation de copolymères en bloc et/ou greffés d'un polyester et d'un oxyde de polyphénylène, consistant à chauffer un mélange du polyester et de l'oxyde de polyphénylène, en présence d'un composé de phosphite.
Patent EP-0462289-B1 (EP)
Inventor: OZEKI OSAMU
IPC: G01S17/89
Filed: 1990-12-26
Granted: 1994-11-02
Abstract: Des impulsions de lumière d'un système d'éclairage à fente sont projetées sur un objet afin de permettre à une caméra de télévision de capter l'image de segments linéaires de l'objet, les signaux vidéo de l'image étant utilisés pour obtenir les coordonnées tridimensionnelles de l'objet sur la base du signal de balayage de la caméra de télévision. La position de l'image d'un segment linéaire sur la caméra de télévision est détectée sur la base de la moyenne pondérée des intensités des signaux vidéo. Une table de consultation contient la correlation entre les positions des images des segments et les coordonnées tridimensionnelles réelles de l'objet. La corrélation est corrigée en fonction de la distorsion de l'objectif de la caméra de télévision. La sortie de la table de consultation est enregistrée en synchronisme avec l'emission des impulsions de lumière du système d'éclairage à fente. L'appareil détecte avec précision les valeurs des coordonnées tridimensionnelles d'un objet dont la position physique se modifie à des vitesses élevées ou dont le coefficient de réflexion varie dans une large mesure.
Patent EP-0469099-B1 (EP)
Title: Kontaktierungsleiste zur gemeinsamen elektrischen Kontaktierung mehrerer elektromagnetisch betätigbarer Brennstoffeinspritzventile
Inventor: EHRENTRAUT HEINZ
IPC: F02M51/00
Filed: 1991-01-19
Granted: 1994-03-23
Abstract: Bei bekannten Kontaktierungsleisten sind die Steckergehäuse, in denen mit zweiten elektrisch leitenden Kontaktelementen der elektrisch erregbaren Aggregate verbindbare erste elektrisch leitende Kontaktelemente angeordnet sind, mit der Kontaktierungsleiste starr verbunden. Beim Verbinden der Kontaktierungsleiste mit den elektrisch erregbaren Aggregaten kann es bei Form- und Lagetoleranzen zu Versätzen zwischen den elektrisch leitenden Kontaktelementen und damit zu Beschädigungen kommen. Bei der neuen Kontaktierungsleiste (1) sind die Steckergehäuse (2) beispielsweise mit jeweils einem mittleren Bodenteil einer Aufnahmeöffnung (3) der Kontaktierungsleiste (1) in horizontaler und in vertikaler Richtung schwimmend bewegbar verbunden, so dass zwischen den ersten (5) und den zweiten elektrisch leitenden Kontaktelementen auftretende Versätze ausgeglichen und Beschädigungen vermieden werden. Die Ausgestaltung der Kontaktierungsleiste eignet sich besonders für die gemeinsame elektrische Kontaktierung von elektrisch betätigbaren Brennstoffeinspritzventilen.
Patent EP-0472702-B1 (EP)
Inventor: VAN LINTEL HARALD T G
IPC: H01L21/306
Filed: 1991-03-07
Granted: 1995-11-22
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP91/00426 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 12, 1991 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 12, 1991 PCT Filed Mar. 7, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/14181 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 19, 1991.Flat-bottomed cavities are formed in a substrate (2) by a method comprising two etching steps: a first anisotropic etching through a mask (4) leaving exposed bands (6,8) of the substrate (2) and a second anisotropic etching through a mask leaving exposed all of the zones (Z1, Z2) to be etched. The first etching provides grooves in V form (10,12), the depth of X1, X2) which depends on the width of the bands, while the second etching increased the depth of the cavities by the same amount y, in eliminating the bands located between the grooves. Advantage: flat cavities of different depths may be obtained simultaneously.
Patent EP-0517850-B1 (EP)
Inventor: CAMPBELL JAMES N
IPC: A61P25/04
Filed: 1991-02-26
Granted: 2003-11-12
Abstract: Method of diagnosing and treatment of sympathetically maintained pain. Sympathetically maintained pain is diagnosed and treated using the method of injecting or transdermally applying an  alpha -adrenergic blocking agent selected from the group consisting of alpha -adrenergic antagonist,  alpha -1-adrenergic antagonist,  alpha 2 adrenergic agonist, or other drug that depletes sympathetic norepineprhine. Sympathetic efferent fibers release norepinephrine which in turn activates  alpha -adrenergic receptors. Activation of these receptors, either directly or indirectly, excites nociceptors. Activity in the nociceptors then evokes pain, and causes further discharge of nociceptors. Intravenous administration of phentolamine blocks the activation of  alpha -adrenergic receptors which causes the pain to be relieved. The use of a clonidine, another  alpha -adrenergic blocking agent, in a patch similarly achieved substantive pain reduction.
Patent EP-0532526-B1 (EP)
Inventor: SCHAEFTLMEIER ROLAND
IPC: H02K19/34
Filed: 1991-05-10
Granted: 1994-11-09
Abstract: Es wird ein Verfahren über Ständerherstellung einer elektrischen Maschine, vorzugsweise eines Drehstromgenerators für Fahrzeuge mit einem oberflächengekühlten Ständer vorgeschlagen, der zwei axial hintereinanderliegende Ständerblechpakete (28, 29) mit darin eingelegten zwei Ständerwicklungen (31, 32) aufweist, wobei die stirnseitig vorstehenden Wickelköpfe (31a, 31b, 32a, 32b) der Ständerwicklungen und die beiden Ständerblechpakete (28, 29) von einem Metallgehäuse umgeben und wärmeleitend darin eingepaßt sind. Für eine einfache, kompakte Herstellung des Ständers bei guter Wärmeableitung ist vorgesehen, die Ständerblechpakete (28, 29) mit Abstandsmitteln (35) und mit den Anschlußleitern (40) der Ständerwicklungen (31, 32) kontaktierten Anschlußteilen (41) in einem Preßwerkzeug mit einem die Anschlußteile tragenden Bodenteil in einem wärmeleitenden Kunststoff (36) zu einer Baueinheit (37) zu umpressen.
Patent EP-0535042-B1 (EP)
Inventor: BAXTER ANDREW JOHN GILBY
IPC: A61K31/22
Filed: 1991-06-18
Granted: 1995-03-29
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/GB91/00980 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 10, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 10, 1992 PCT Filed Jun. 18, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/00276 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 9, 1992.Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors have the formula Z(CH2)nCHR1COOCHR2COOH in which Z is -SR3, -COCHR4NHCOR5,   <IMAGE>    or -NHCHR7COOH, R4, R5, R6, and R7, which may be the same or different, are each phenyl or alkylphenyl C7-12, R4 is hydrogen, alkyl C1-6, NHR8 or (CH2)pR9, R2 is (CH2)mXR10, alkyl C1-6 optionally substituted by a saturated 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, alkylhalo C1-6, alkylcyano C1-6, or alkyl phenyl C7-12, the phenyl being optionally substituted by NO2 or NH2, X is O, S(O)q, C=O or NR11, and R10 is alkyl C1-6, alkylhalo C1-6, alkoxy C1-6, alkoxy C1-6 substituted by halogen, alkanoyl C1-6, S(O)rR12, NR13R14, phenyl, alkylphenyl C7-12, naphthalenyl or a 5-membered unsaturated heterocyclic ring, n is an integer from 0 to 6, m and p, which may be the same or different, are each an integer from 1 to 6, R9 is hydrogen, SR15 or phenyl optionally substituted by OR16, R3 and R15, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen or alkanoyl C1-6, R8 is hydrogen or COOR17, q and r, which may be the same or different, are each 0, 1, or 2, R11, R13, R14, R16, and R17, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen or alkyl C1-6, and R12 is hydrogen, alkyl C1-6 or phenyl. The compounds, and salts thereof, are useful as vasodilators.
Patent EP-0493561-B1 (EP)
Inventor: HODAKOWSKI LEONARD E
IPC: A01P13/00
Filed: 1991-07-18
Granted: 1999-09-22
Abstract: A water dispersible organic gel formed by mixing a hazardous product such as an agrochemical, a water-soluble or water-dispersible surfactant, an acrylic acid polymer or copolymer, and water. Optionally an organic solvent, a thickener, and other additives can be included in the gel. The gel is suitable for packaging in a bag which is water-dispersible or water soluble, and the thus packaged gel is easy to handle and quickly dissolves when put in water. The risk of the bag breaking is reduced since the gel is shock-resistant.
Patent EP-0556181-B1 (EP)
Inventor: BARLOW GRAHAM FRANCIS
IPC: A22C29/02
Filed: 1991-07-17
Granted: 1996-01-10
Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus for the extraction of meat from the tails of crustacea such as prawns. An example of the apparatus described comprises a frame (10) supporting a conveyor means (12) which carry support means in the form of releasable cartridges (26) towards pressure applying rollers (20, 22) between which the cartridges pass. The lower roller (22) is preferably hollow and apertured so that the meat from prawn tails secured to the cartridges is pressed out of the tail shells and passes through the roller (22) for collection.
Patent EP-0552223-B1 (EP)
Inventor: BUCH-RASMUSSEN THOMAS
IPC: G01N27/327
Filed: 1991-10-10
Granted: 1996-07-17
Abstract: Benzene derivatives having optionally substituted amino or morpholino in the 1 and 4 position, optionally alkyl in the 2, 3 and 6 position and optionally alkyl or nitro in the 5 position or wherein the 1 and 6 substituents together form a heterocyclic ring, can be used as a charge transfer mediator in a biochemical process involving electron transfer between a redox system and an electrode comprising a paste of electrically conductive particles and a pasting material.
Patent EP-0507918-B1 (EP)
Inventor: SONESSON LEIF
IPC: G05D11/16
Filed: 1991-10-25
Granted: 1996-04-10
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/SE91/00716 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 29, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 29, 1992 PCT Filed Oct. 25, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/08178 PCT Pub. Date May 14, 1992.A method and an apparatus for producing a continuous liquid flow at a controlled temperature. The apparatus includes mixers (1, 2) which, upstream, are connected to a supply conduit (3) for hot liquid under pressure and a supply conduit (4) for cold liquid under pressure. Each respective mixer has an outlet (5, 6) connected to a common discharge conduit (9) by a first outlet conduit (7, 8). The common conduit (9) is provided with a tap (10) disposed downstream of the interconnection of the outlet conduits with the common conduit (9). The temperature of the liquid which is to be discharged through conduit (9) is adjusted in that hot and cold liquid are mixed in the mixers from which the liquid is supplied to the common conduit (9).
Patent EP-0494089-B1 (EP)
Inventor: FELL HELMUT DR RER NAT
IPC: A61N1/00
Filed: 1988-01-19
Granted: 1998-07-08
Abstract: A connection device designed as a suction control device is present for the purpose of connecting a suction bottle to a joining tube connected to a wound drainage tube. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0512481-B1 (EP)
Inventor: WOSNITZA FRANZ DR
IPC: C02F11/131
Filed: 1992-05-05
Granted: 1994-05-18
Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for drying sludge, in particular sewage sludge, or wet bulk materials, the material to be dried being heated by supplying energy from an alternating electromagnetic field produced between electrodes (8) in a sealed vessel (6) and the moisture of the material evaporated by heating being used as a heat transfer medium to heat the material to be dried in a separate step from the heating in the alternating electromagnetic field. In this case, the material to be dried is received under superatmospheric pressure in a pressure vessel (6) under conditions of electrically insulated contact with the electrodes (8) located in the pressure vessel (6) at least during the residence time necessary for the heating and is then subjected to flash drying. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0528322-B1 (EP)
Inventor: KANE ROBERT C
IPC: H01J9/02
Filed: 1992-08-10
Granted: 1995-09-20
Abstract: A field emission electron emitter employing a coating of diamond material (406) disposed on a surface of a layer of conductive/semiconductive material (407) is constructed by a method including the steps of implanting carbon ions (404) at a surface of a selectively shaped substrate (401) to function as nucleation sites for the diamond formation. A conductive layer (407) is deposited over the diamond (406) and the substrate (401) is removed to leave an electron emitter with a diamond coating. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0549047-B1 (EP)
Inventor: BOLY JEAN PAUL
IPC: H04J13/00
Filed: 1992-12-15
Granted: 1997-08-06
Abstract: In a system for de-/encoding data using (de)coding devices at either end of a transmission channel, the data sometimes comprise additional synchronisation information which is used to reduce the effect of faults in the transmission channel. If this synchronisation information is not already present, it is impossible in certain cases to add such information. The invention provides a system which, regardless of the presence of additional synchronisation information, is able to reduce the effect of faults. For this purpose, each (de)coding device is provided with means for comparing sequences of encoded data with at least one predetermined code word and for setting the associated coding device to a reset state in the event of equality. Because the predetermined code word repeats statistically in the encoded data, a fault adversely affects the decoding for not more than one time interval. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0524144-B1 (EP)
Inventor: FRITZSCHE KATHARINA DR
IPC: D06P5/20
Filed: 1992-07-08
Granted: 1995-11-22
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for fixing dyestuffs to organic material, which is characterised in that dyestuffs which contain at least one polymerisable double bond or at least one polymerisable ring system, excluding water-soluble dyestuffs having acrylamide or methacrylamide groups, are fixed to the organic material, which has a residual moisture content of less than 20 %, relative to the treated material, together with at least one virtually colourless compound which contains at least one polymerisable double bond, using ionising radiation.
Patent EP-0515333-B1 (EP)
Inventor: ANDREUCCI FRANCO
IPC: B23D47/04
Filed: 1992-05-22
Granted: 1995-03-29
Abstract: Sawing machine used to cut trunks of firewood, comprising: a frame (1); a drum (3) mounted idle on a horizontal axis, and a pair of dragging chains (40, 41) revolving around pulleys, mounted on arms (44, 45) facing the drum (3), so that a segment of the chains is engaged with a sector of the drum without sliding contact, in order to let the trunks adhere to the drum, the trunks being placed on arcuate arms projecting out of the drum; a device having rotating blades juxtaposed to the drum (3). The drum (3) comprises at least two half-drums (30a, 30b), which are coupled to each other in a sliding manner. The drum (3) comprises also a saw-toothed ramp (31d) facing the concavity of each arcuate arm (31c). The drum is placed in cutout or windows (21a, 22a) of leading and trailing chute elements (21, 22) inside frame (1). <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0564530-B1 (EP)
Inventor: CATHIGNOL DOMINIQUE
IPC: G10K15/06
Filed: 1991-12-19
Granted: 1996-04-24
Abstract: A method and a device for producing an electric discharge between two electrodes are described. The method is characterized in that the electric arc resistance is substantially reduced at least between the electrodes to a resistance value which is close to or even lower than the critical resistance. This is achieved by placing between the electrodes an electrically conductive liquid medium (32) held in a substantially sealed container (30) surrounding the electrodes, whereby the electrical discharge rate between two electrodes can be improved while completely or substantially completely eliminating the latency time.
Patent EP-0574542-B1 (EP)
Inventor: TEIRSTEIN PAUL S
IPC: A61M25/01
Filed: 1992-02-27
Granted: 1997-05-21
Abstract: Méthode permettant d'enlever un premier cathéter-guide (10) et remplacer celui-ci par un second cathéter-guide (10a) sans perturber le positionnement d'un fil-guide flexible (32) inséré précédemment à travers le premier cathéter-guide. Le dispositif visé par l'invention comprend un 'cathéter d'échange' (58) que l'on fait progresser le long du fil-guide déjà positionné, de manière à assurer un support et une protection dudit fil-guide lors de l'échange des cathéters. Un orifice d'extraction (74) du fil-guide ménagé dans le 'cathéter d'échange' permet audit fil-guide d'être extrait du cathéter d'échange en un point où l'opérateur peut le tenir et le man÷uvrer de manière à en maintenir le positionnement voulu au cours de la procédure d'échange des cathéters.
Patent EP-0593639-B1 (EP)
Inventor: CAPET MARC
IPC: A61K31/40
Filed: 1992-07-03
Granted: 1995-04-05
Abstract: Compounds of formula: <IMAGE> their salts, their preparation and the medicaments containing them.
Patent EP-0606258-B1 (EP)
Inventor: TRELSMO KARIN BIRGITTA
IPC: D21H23/00
Filed: 1992-08-18
Granted: 1996-06-19
Abstract: Appareil de crêpage comprenant une raclette de crêpage (4) possédnat une lame (5) pourvue d'un bord de départ (6). La raclette de crêpage (4) est pivotante autour d'un axe de rotation (12) situé sensiblement au niveau du bord de départ (6), afin de permettre le réglage d'un angle d'impact (A) constitué au niveau du bord de départ (6) entre une surface d'impact du bord de la lame et la surface cylindrique (2) d'un sécheur-frictionneur (3), à partir duquel une bande de papier adhérente (1) sort à l'état crêpé. L'angle d'impact (A) commande le résultat de l'opération de crêpage, c'est-à-dire l'épaisseur et/ou la macrostructure de la bande de papier crêpé doux fabriqué de cette façon; cependant, l'usure du bord de départ (6) provoque une modification graduelle de l'angle d'impact (A) et, de ce fait, des conditions de crêpage. Afin de conserver l'épaisseur et/ou la macrostructure souhaitées autant que possible, il est nécessaire de compenser l'usure du bord de départ (6) en faisant pivoter la raclette de crêpage (4) sensiblement autour dudit bord de départ (6), de façon à conserver l'angle d'impact (A). Des moyens de guidage en forme d'arc circulaire (20) possédant un rayon d'incurvation (R) partant d'un emplacement souhaité dudit axe de rotation (12) sensiblement au niveau du bord de départ (6), servent à guider le mouvement de rotation de la raclette de crêpage (4). L'appareil décrit par l'invention est compact, oscillant, mécaniquement stable et peut remplacer facilement une raclette de crêpage classique déjà montée.
Patent EP-0641420-B1 (EP)
Inventor: BECKER GERNOT
IPC: F16H61/04
Filed: 1992-10-07
Granted: 1996-01-03
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur adaptiven Korrektur der Schaltqualität eines automatischen Getriebes, das mit einem Motor gekoppelt ist und bei dem über druck- oder öldurchsatzbeaufschlagende Stellglieder Reibelemente in Form von Kupplungen oder Bremsbändern in Eingriff bringbar sind zur Ausführung von Schaltvorgängen, der von den Stellglieder beaufschlagte Leitungsdruck mittels einer elektronischen Einrichtung erfaßt und in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Betriebsparametern korrigiert wird. Dabei wird für jeden spezifischen Gangwechsel neben dem sich ergebenden Übersetzungsverhältnis (R) als Funktion der Zeit vom Auslösen des Schaltvorganges bis zu dessen Beendigung auch die erste Ableitung (dR/dt) gebildet und in der elektronischen Einrichtung (1) eine Zuordnung von Werten des Übersetzungsverhältnisses (R) zu den entsprechenden Werten der ersten Ableitung (dR/dt) in Form einer Kennlinie gebildet, wobei diese gemessene Kennlinie mit in der Einrichtung (1) vorhandenen Referenzkennlinien einschließlich eines Toleranzbereichs verglichen wird, und daß bei Ungleichheit ein Korrekturfaktor (KF) ermittelt wird, der beim nächsten identischen Gangwechsel zu einer inkrementalen Erhöhung oder dekrementalen Erniedrigung eines Korrekturwertes (Kx) um den Korrekturfaktor (KF) führt und somit eine Korrektur des Leitungsdruckes oder des Öldurchflusses mittels der druck- oder öldurchsatzbeaufschlagenden, von der elektronischen Einrichtung (1) entsprechend dem Korrekturwert (Kx) angesteuerten Stellglieder (8, 9) erfolgt.
Patent EP-0616755-B1 (EP)
Inventor: LYNUM STEINAR
IPC: H05H1/40
Filed: 1992-12-11
Granted: 1997-02-12
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/NO92/00199 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 10, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 10, 1995 PCT Filed Dec. 11, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/12635 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 24, 1993.A plasma torch includes an arc having a generator for producing an axial field in the arc's area of operation in which one or more bodies of ferromagnetic material are placed along the torches central axis; the body is in the form of an element incorporated in the torch and is cooled by the provision of channels for a cooling medium wherein the ferromagnetic body is located near the arc's area of operation to reinforce the magnetic field with the body being moveable in an axial direction to adjust the operation parameters of the arc.