baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent EP-0749268-A1 (EP)
Inventor: CHO BYUNG-JAE
IPC: F24C15/16
Filed: 1996-06-11
Abstract: The present invention relates to a turntable (5) moving apparatus of a microwave oven (1) for being rotated and simultaneously moved vertically to thereby enable uniform cooking. The apparatus includes a lower cam (15), fixedly disposed at one side of a motor (9), and an upper cam (17), mounted above the lower cam (15). The cams (15,17) having camming surfaces arranged to cause the turntable (5) to reciprocate vertically.
Patent EP-0781573-A1 (EP)
Inventor: SCHEGERIN ROBERT
IPC: A62B18/04
Filed: 1996-12-19
Abstract: The head protector forms part of a flying helmet and offers protection in a contaminated atmosphere with a low oxygen content. The head protector consists of at least three compartments (C1,C2,C3) for the nose/mouth mask, the face and the remainder of the head respectively. These compartments are isolated from one another by seals (J1,J2,J3), and each has its own pressure regulator. The pressure in the first of the compartments (C1) is greater than that in the second, and the pressure in the second is greater than that in the third. The three compartments are also linked by calibrated channels to permit a gas flow for ventilation purposes. Couplings enable the face section of the protector to be removed separately from the other two sections according to the wearer's needs.
Patent EP-0795490-A1 (EP)
Title: Package for band-like products
Inventor: CAUCHY OLIVIER
IPC: B65D73/00
Filed: 1996-03-11
Abstract: The package is made from a panel (1) of card or a rolled/injected plastic, in which lengthwise (14, 15) and transverse (12, 13) cuts are made to form two flaps which are inserted inside the belts to hold them in place. In a variant of the design the panel can be made of double thickness, with the cuts made in one thickness, which is folded and attached to the other e.g. by staples or welding. In another variant the belts can be held in place by a band passing round the outside of the belts and the card and fitted into notches in the card's edges.
Patent EP-0755735-A1 (EP)
Inventor: DIDION CHARLES J
IPC: B22C5/04
Filed: 1996-07-25
Abstract: The rotary lump crusher/reclaimer for reclaiming lump materials such as aggregates, chemically-bonded sand lumps, dross, ferrous and non-ferrous scrap and slag has a rotary drum (1) having an outer cylinder (2) concentric with an inner cylinder (3) both of which rotate simultaneously, the latter containing treatment compartments (14, 15, 16, 17) to reduce the lumps to smaller pieces which are in turn reduced to reclassifiable particulate matter in preparation for reusage.
Patent EP-0736569-A1 (EP)
Inventor: WEHNER WOLFGANG DR
IPC: C07D487/04
Filed: 1996-03-19
Abstract: The compsn. contains: (A) a chlorine-contg. polymer; and (B) pyrrolo-diazine cpd(s). (I) contg. gp(s). of formula (I). A = gp. completing an opt. substd. 6 membered heterocycle contg. two ring N atoms. Also claimed are: (i) use of the cpd. (I) for stabilising a chlorinated polymer against oxidative, thermal and/or light degradation; (ii) a method for stabilising (A) (and/or recycled prod.) against degradation using (I); (iii) method for preparing cpd. of formula (XIII) or (XIV); and (iv) a cpd. of formula (II). A = -C(X)-NR4-C(X)-NR5- (III) or -C(X)-NR4-C(Y-R5)=N- (IV); X = O or S; Y = O, S or -NR4; R1 = H, 1-12C alkyl (opt. substd. by OH), 2-12C alkyl interrupted by O, S or COO, 3-6C alkenyl, 5-8C cycloalkyl, phenyl or 7-9C phenylalkyl (all opt. ring-substd. by 1-3 R6 gps.), or alkali(ne earth) metal; R2, R3 = as R1 (excluding alkali(ne earth) metal) or heterocyclyl-alkyl of formula (i), (V) or (VI); one of R2, R3 = OH, CHO, 1-12C alkoxy, 1-12C alkanoyloxy, phenoxy or benzyloxy (both opt. substd. by 1-3 R6 gps.), -C(O)NHR9, -CH=C(COOR10)2 or -CH=N-R11; R4, R5 = as R1 (excluding alkali(ne earth) metal); R6 = 1-4C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, 5-8C cycloalkyl, OH or Cl; R7, R8 = H, CF3, 1-12C alkyl, phenyl or 7-9C phenylalkyl; or CR7R8 = 5-12C cycloalkylidene (opt. substd. by 1-4C alkyl); R9 = phenyl (opt. substd. by 1-3 R6 gps.); R10 = as R4; R11 = as R4 (excluding H); R12 = direct bond or -CH(R'13); and R'13 = H or 1-8C alkyl; provided that cpds. of formula (VII) and 1,3-dimethyl-6-phenyl- 3,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrrolo(3,2-d)pyrimidine are excluded, although 1,3-dimethyl-6-ethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4- tetrahydropyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine and 1,3-dibutyl-6-methyl-2,4- dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine are not excluded. R1 = H, Me or Ph; R2 = H, OH, CHO, 1-3C alkyl, phenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, -CH=C(COOR10)2, -CH=N-R11 or -CH2CH(COOCH2CH3)2; R3 = H, OH, CHO, 1-5C alkyl, Ph or -CH2COOR10; R4, R5 = H, 1-4C alkyl, allyl, phenyl, 4-methylphenyl or benzyl; R10 = 1-4C alkyl; and R11 = Me, allyl, benzyl or phenyl.
Patent EP-0756824-A1 (EP)
Inventor: OHMURA HISAO
IPC: A21D13/00
Filed: 1996-03-14
Abstract: A method for increasing the bulk of a food having a reduced bulk which comprises applying internal vibration and heating means, such as a microwave oven, to a food having a reduced bulk and prepared by subjecting a porous food comprising a grain powder and water, such as bread, to compression or the like. The food of which the bulk has been increased by such a method has a bulk similar to that attained upon baking and excellent flavor and texture.
Patent EP-0820330-A1 (EP)
Inventor: GRIMMEISEN JUERGEN
IPC: A63B35/12
Filed: 1996-04-01
Abstract: The proposal is for a boat for divers in the hull (1) of which there is a flow channel (5) with a propulsion screw (15) with, in the hull (1) above said flow channel (5), an electric motor (11) and other control devices, the bow of which has a hydrodynamic configuration (4).
Patent EP-0821669-A1 (EP)
Inventor: JACOBSON IRINA CIPORA
IPC: A61K31/4015
Filed: 1996-04-17
Abstract: L'invention porte sur de nouveaux acides hydroxamiques et carboxyliques et leurs dérivés, et sur des compositions pharmaceutiques et méthodes utilisant ces composés: comme inhibiteurs des métalloprotéinases matricielles telles que la stromélysine, comme inhibiteurs de la production du facteur alpha de nécrose tumorale (TNF), et pour le traitement de l'arthrite et autres maladies inflammatoires associées. Ces nouveaux composés sont représentés par la formule (I) dans laquelle: A est -C(R?1), (R1a¿) CONHOH ou -CH(R?11)C(R9)(R9a)CO¿2H; Q est -CONHR13, R2 est choisi parmi C¿1?-C8 alkyle substitué par O-2R?17b¿, -O-(C¿1?-C8 alkyle)-R?20¿, -S-(C¿1?-C8 alkyle)-R?20, -CH¿2O-(C1-C8 alkyle)-R20, -CH2S-(C1-C8 alkyle)-R20; R3 est choisi parmi hydrogène ou C¿1?-C6 alkyle substitué par 0-3 R?4; R14¿ est choisi parmi hydrogène, méthyle ou éthyle.
Patent EP-0846358-A1 (EP)
Inventor: DIGISTAN INC
IPC: H02J3/14
Filed: 1996-05-07
Abstract: Ce dispositif de commande de demande comprend un commutateur (26) disposé sur la ligne de signal de commande (16) d'un appareil (22) fonctionnant à l'électricité. Ce commutateur (26) est commandé par un compteur de cycles numérique (24) de façon à se mettre hors et en service périodiquement pendant les moments où un signal de commande, produit par un appareil, est présent sur la ligne de signal de commande (16), laquelle peut être une ligne de commande thermostatique d'un climatiseur conventionnel, tandis que le signal de commande produit par l'appareil correspondrait alors normalement à une demande de refroidissement provenant du thermostat. Quand le commutateur (26) est ouvert, la charge d'appareil (20) réagit comme si la demande du thermostat était respectée. Quand le signal de commande CA, produit par l'équipement, est détecté sur la ligne de signal de commande (16), un compteur numérique (24) entre ne service pour maintenir le commutateur (26) ouvert jusqu'au passage d'un nombre prédéterminé d'impulsions CA. Le commutateur (26) est alors fermé jusqu'au passage d'un deuxième nombre prédéterminé d'impulsions CA. Ce cycle ouverture-fermeture se répète tant qu'est présent le signal de commande produit par l'appareil. Les périodes cycliques peuvent être adaptées en réaction à des conditions extérieures telles que température ambiante ou fréquence de ligne. En cas d'utilisation de charges multiples, la diversité des charges est améliorée et la commande totale réduite après des pannes d'alimentation électrique. Le démarrage séquentiel des charges diverses et multiples est assuré.
Patent EP-0957816-A1 (EP)
Inventor: MUSINSKI DONALD L
IPC: A61B5/00
Filed: 1996-05-29
Abstract: A probe (10) for diagnosing periodontal disease includes a sulfide responsive measuring electrode (30), and a reference electrode (32) joined by a salt bridge (38). The reference electrode is maintained in a saturated salt environment. The probe may include a sound generation (24) for providing an auditory indication of sulfide concentration.
Patent EP-0900295-A1 (EP)
Inventor: FLEISSNER GEROLD
IPC: D04H1/46
Filed: 1996-07-17
Abstract: Es ist bekannt, aus einer Polyvinylalkohol-Faser eine Nonwoven herzustellen. Der besondere Vorteil dieser PVA-Faser ist ihre Eigenschaft, in Wasser löslich zu sein. Zur Verfestigung wird das Vlies deshalb mechanisch vernadelt. Die Erfindung nennt ein Verfahren, mit dem auch eine hydrodynamische Vernadelung möglich ist. Besondere Parameter zur Weiterbehandlung bei der Wasservernadelung und bei der sich anschließenden Trocknung kennzeichnen die ergänzenden Merkmale der Erfindung.
Patent EP-1014046-A1 (EP)
Inventor: ISHIKAWA HITOSHI
IPC: G01F1/698
Filed: 1996-09-13
Abstract: To perform with high accuracy the analog-to-digital
conversion of signals of an air flow meter irrespective of
fluctuation of a reference voltage of an analog-to-digital
conversion circuit. A thermal type air flow meter including
means for measuring an intake air flow rate by heating and
controlling a heating resistor and means for performing
analog-to-digital conversion of an air flow rate signal of the
air flow rate measurement means, which inputs a reference
voltage to the analog-to-digital conversion circuit so that the
reference voltage can be converted from the analog signal to
the digital signal by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit,
and the air flow rate signal can be corrected in accordance with
the value of the reference voltage. A/D conversion of the air
flow rate signal can be executed accurately even when the
voltage of the reference voltage source of the A/D converter
in an electrical control unit is fluctuating.
Patent EP-0859715-A1 (EP)
Inventor: LESLIE MICHAEL JOHN
IPC: B60V1/08
Filed: 1996-11-05
Abstract: Cette invention concerne un véhicule à effet de sol, lequel possède un fuselage lui permettant de se déplacer sur l'eau, ainsi que des ailes (5) courbées vers le bas de chaque côté du fuselage. Vu de haut, les ailes sont triangulaires et leurs bords d'attaques sont à angle droit par rapport au fuselage. Vu de face, les ailes sont fixées en position haute sur le fuselage, et possèdent une courbe descendante complexe jusqu'à leurs extrémités situées au niveau du fond du fuselage. L'angle d'attaque de chaque aile augmente graduellement depuis la zone d'ancrage pour atteindre un maximum le long de l'aile et décroître ensuite vers l'extrémité de ladite aile. L'angle d'attaque élevé de la partie médiane de l'aile permet d'obtenir une sustentation élevée à de faibles vitesses, ceci sans augmentation sensible de la traînée jusqu'à ce que l'air s'écoule à une vitesse de plus de 180 noeuds. Ce système permet d'obtenir une conception à l'épreuve de toute défaillance étant donné que l'aile ne peut s'arracher à l'effet de sol, et ceci indépendamment de la motorisation. Les dérives de queue divergentes (19, 20) permettent de minimiser l'inclinaison latérale lors de tournants, et de maintenir ainsi le coussin d'air sous l'aile d'extrémité.
Patent EP-0863761-A1 (EP)
Title: Compositions a application topique contenant une beta-cyclodextrine et un aminopolysaccharide
Inventor: EVEREST-TODD SELWYN
IPC: A61K31/715
Filed: 1996-11-13
Abstract: L'invention concerne une composition pour une application topique, permettant d'atténuer la douleur ou une inflammation. La composition se présente sous la forme d'un gel, d'une crème, d'une dispersion ou d'une poudre inerte, comprenant un système clathrate contenant de la β-cyclodextrine et un aminopolysaccharide.
Patent EP-0956083-A1 (EP)
Inventor: DELGUERCIO EDMUND T
IPC: A61B10/02
Filed: 1996-11-15
Abstract: A system and a kit for the non-invasive collection of DNA material from the inner cheeks of a living person or corpse. Included are swabs of high modulus fibers which scrape DNA material from the inner cheeks to obtain sufficient material for future identification.
Patent EP-0789121-A1 (EP)
Inventor: NIEMANN HANS DIETER
IPC: E05C9/18
Filed: 1997-02-03
Abstract: The additional lock has at least a push bolt (10) for sliding into a lock plate (12). The bolt has on the lock plate side a hook (14) which after being pushed forward to bridge the rebate area is movable by an expanding device (15) behind the lock plate secure against extension. The drive rod (11) engages on a curved plate (16). The curved plate is guided in a lock housing (17) parallel to the drive rod and has at least one inclined slit (18) in which a guide pin (19) engages to bias the push bolt (10). The guide pin can be fixed directly on the push bolt or on a push bolt support (20).
Patent EP-0803378-A1 (EP)
Inventor: HUETTER KARL JUERGEN
IPC: B42C7/00
Filed: 1997-04-15
Abstract: The fitting and separating device, e.g. components (2) for filing cabinets, have in and out guides for the objects which can be positioned in the form of a row, with two turning devices (3,3') turning about axes (4,4'), to which the filled rows are fed. The two axes are parallel to each other. The two turning devices turn about their axes simultaneously but in opposite directions. The objects are either turned through 90 degrees or are laid in a double string which can be ejected in the axial direction.
Patent EP-0803614-A1 (EP)
Inventor: HAGA MASAKAZU
IPC: E02F9/24
Filed: 1997-04-22
Abstract: In a locus control system of hydraulic excavators, a target locus for a front device is set beforehand. A control unit calculates a position and posture of the front device based on signals from angle sensors, and calculates a target speed vector of the front device based on signals from control lever devices. Through this calculation process, the control unit maintains the target speed vector as it is when the front device is not near rom the target locus, and modifies the target speed vector to a vector pointing to a second point on the target locus advanced in the excavating direction by a second distance from a first point locating on the target locus at a minimum distance from a tip of the front device, when the front device is near the target locus. As a result, the tip of the front device can be settled to the target locus in a relatively quick, stable and highly accurate manner through a satisfactory path in match with a human feeling.
Patent EP-0882499-A1 (EP)
Inventor: ZALDIVAR JOSE-MANUEL
IPC: G01K3/00
Filed: 1997-06-02
Abstract: The present invention is related to an online early warning
detection system of runaway initiation in a batch chemical
reactor, comprising means (12) for measuring the temperature
in the reactor and/or its jacket at different points and at
different instants, and means (3 to 5) for deducing therefrom
criteria for dangerous runaway conditions. According to
the invention, said deducing means (3 to 5) include means
(5) for defining the area evolution of the system in the
reconstructed phase space according to the formula
 div [F(t)] = (1/t) ln  area(P1 t+Δt , P2 t+Δt , P3 t+Δt ) area (P1 t , P2 t , P3 t )     
wherein are signifies the area of the parallelogram given by
points P1, P2, P3 at the instant t and t+Δt respectively,
and means (8, 9) for launching an alarm, if
 div[F(t)] > 0.
Patent EP-0887492-A1 (EP)
Inventor: SCHULZE INGEBORG
IPC: E04H13/00
Filed: 1997-06-27
Abstract: The burial chamber is made of individual glass fibre plastic profiles (135x35x3mm), is easy to transport and is constructable on site. The base (11) is open to the earth, in connection with a filter (2) and the earth covering (6), provides a ''breathing'' and thereby improved ventilation of the burial chamber. A large surface multi-layer filter (2) (fleece, active carbon spheres in bearer material and chemically activated support layer) is positioned in a filter shaft adhered in a cover plate and is so constructively formed with a cover tunnel that the filter effect is not prejudiced by seepage water or penetrating soil.
Patent EP-0831046-A1 (EP)
Inventor: WIENBERG UWE
IPC: C09J7/21
Filed: 1997-07-30
Abstract: The adhesive tape used to join the loose ends of paper in rolls on an automatic paper roll change at paper finishing machines or printing presses, has a paper carrier (2) coated on both sides by a water-soluble self-adhesive mass (3) of acrylate adhesive. The paper carrier (2) is of a suitable splitting material. Also claimed is an operation where the adhesive tape is positioned to cling partially to the topmost web of a new paper roll and its under side is bonded to the web below to hold the upper web. The new paper roll is placed next to an almost exhausted paper roll, which has to be replaced, and accelerated to the same speed as the paper roller being used. It is pressed against the moving paper and cut/beaten so that the open self-adhesive mass of the adhesive tap is pressed against the moving paper, and at the same speed, so that there is adhesion through the beating effect. The paper carrier splits so that both adhesive masses which were coated on it are covered without adhesion from any residue.
Patent EP-0839849-A1 (EP)
Inventor: SANCHIKA KOUZOH
IPC: C08G65/333
Filed: 1997-09-09
Abstract: A process for producing a polyoxyalkylene derivative substituted with succinimidyl group which comprises reacting a polyoxyalkylene compound having carboxyl group at ends with N-hydroxysuccinimide in an inert solvent in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; filtering an obtained reaction product; and crystallizing the polyoxyalkylene derivative substituted with succinimidyl group by adding isopropyl alcohol to a filtrate obtained by the filtration, an amount by weight of isopropyl alcohol being 1 to 100 times as much as an amount by weight of the polyoxyalkylene compound having carboxyl group at ends. 
     Materials can be handled with safety in the process of the present invention, and a highly pure polyoxyalkylene derivative substituted with succinimidyl group which does not cause turbidity in an aqueous solution and has an excellent quality as a material for drugs can be produced.
Patent EP-0908568-A1 (EP)
Inventor: BLECHER PETER
IPC: E03F5/06
Filed: 1997-10-08
Abstract: A surface mounting grid e.g. for a drainage duct, manhole cover, ventilation shaft etc. is fitted into a support frame (3) and is held in the frame by a spring loaded grip. The side of the support frame has a stamped tag (33) which is shaped to form a retaining grip, with a vertical grip edge (331). The tag is shaped to grip a profiled edge of the grid (1) and to secure the grid without the need of separate fasteners. The outer edge of the support frame is formed by a bent over double skin, with the retaining tags stamped into the inner skin.
Patent EP-0832931-A1 (EP)
Inventor: MODIC MICHAEL JOHN
IPC: C08L53/02
Filed: 1997-09-23
Abstract: The present invention relates to A thermoplastic
elastomer composition comprising:
   a hydrogenated elastomeric block copolymer having at
least two resinous endblocks of polymerized monovinyl
aromatic compound and an elastomeric midblock of
polymerized conjugated diene;   a plasticizer; and   an ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber grafted
with styrene-acrylonitrile. The present invention
further relates to a process for the preparation of an
overmoulded polar polymer shape; to an overmoulded polar
polymer shape; and to articles containing the
overmoulded polar polymer shape.
Patent EP-0811507-A1 (EP)
Inventor: HIRANO TOSHIFUSA
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1997-06-03
Abstract: A composite thermal transfer sheet 100 comprising: a thermal transfer film 10 comprising a base film 11 and a heat-fusible ink layer 13 formed on the base film 11; and a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet 20 comprising a substrate 21 and a receptor layer 22 formed on the substrate 21, the receptor layer 22 comprising a thermoplastic resin, which has an adhesive property, and an inorganic and/or organic filler, the receptor layer 22 and the heat-fusible ink layer 13 being peelably bonded to each other by the adhesive property of the thermoplastic resin in the receptor layer 22, so that the thermal transfer film 10 and the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet 20 are peelably bonded to each other.
Patent EP-0833069-A1 (EP)
Inventor: QUIGLEY JAMES R
IPC: F16D13/64
Filed: 1997-07-24
Abstract: A friction disc assembly (10) for use in clutch packs is disclosed.
The friction disc assembly (10) includes a pair of annular friction facings
(12-30) and an annular core plate (11) positioned between the friction
facings (12-30). Each of the friction facings (12-30) includes a plurality
of adjoining facing segments (14-31). Each segment (14-31) includes a
notch (15-33) at one end and a tab (16-32) at the other end. Each notch
(15-33) receives an adjoining tab (16-32) and defines a reservoir (21-35)
adjacent the tab (16-32). The reservoir (21-35) receives unwanted stray
fibers and cooling fluid. Another embodiment for wide core plates
includes a pair of tabs (43-44) received in a pair of notches (45-46).
Reservoirs (47-48) are defined adjacent the ends of the tabs (43-44).
Patent EP-0834480-A1 (EP)
Inventor: NAGASHIMA YUKIHITO
IPC: C03C3/095
Filed: 1997-10-01
Abstract: An ultraviolet and infrared radiation absorbing glass
having excellent ultraviolet radiation absorbing power and
green tint, which is suitably used as a window glass for
automobiles and constructional materials. The glass comprises,
in % by weight: basic glass components comprising 65 to 80%
SiO 2 , 0 to 5% Al 2 O 3 , 0 to 10% MgO, 5 to 15% CaO, 10 to 18% Na 2 O,
0 to 5% K 2 O, 5 to 15% MgO + CaO, 10 to 20% Na 2 O + K 2 O, and 0 to
5% B 2 O 3 , and coloring components comprising 0.4 to 1.5% total
iron oxide (T-Fe 2 O 3 ) in terms of Fe 2 O 3 , 0 to 3.0% CeO 2 , 0 to 2.0%
TiO 2 , and 0.025 to 6.0% La 2 O 3 , wherein 25 to 40% of said T-Fe 2 O 3 
in terms of Fe 2 O 3  is FeO.
Patent EP-0839449-A1 (EP)
Inventor: ISHIHARA KAZUTO
IPC: A01N63/30
Filed: 1997-11-05
Abstract: A herbicide containing phytopathogenic microorganisms
for surface application on water is obtained by a method in
which the phytopathogenic microorganisms, which have
virtually no adhered surfactant and are pathogenic against
non-useful plants having a hydrophobic surface, are adhered
to or combined with, or dispersed among particles of a
submersible base.
Patent EP-0875232-A1 (EP)
Inventor: KAWADA IZUMI
IPC: A61K8/00
Filed: 1997-05-02
Abstract: The composition comprises a 2-acetaminoalkane-1, 3-diol or its
optical isomer having the formula:
 
in which R1 signifies a linear alkyl group having 9 to 17 carbon atoms; 
a 2-acylaminoalkane-1, 3-diol or its optical isomer having the formula:
 
in which R1 has the same meaning as mentioned above and R2 signifies
a linear acyl group having 14 to 24 carbon atoms; 
as well as cholesterol, and optionally a compound chosen from the group
consisting of a cholesterol derivative, a fatty acid and a derivative
thereof. This composition forms a lamellar liquid crystal phase which
can retain moisture. When the composition is applied to a human skin or
scalp, it prevents the skin and scalp from drying-out or deterioration.
The composition can thus be used as a cosmetic or pharmaceutical
product.
Patent EP-0821451-A1 (EP)
Inventor: THONY PHILIPPE
IPC: H01S5/026
Filed: 1997-07-24
Abstract: The laser (50) includes an active solid, respective entrance (52) and exit (54) mirrors, and at least one vertical cavity laser (56) which pumps the cavity. The cavity is triggered passively by an absorbent material that may saturate or actively by a potential difference across an electro-optical material. The VCSEL may be etched in the form of a lens and the microlaser may form a two dimensional network in manufacture.