Patent MX-2013014926-A (MX)
Title: Optimal conditions for the development of embryos, preparation and seeding of explants and formation of embryogenic callus of pepper (pimenta dioica l.).
Inventor: QUIROZ MIRNA LEONOR SUÁREZ
IPC: C12N5/04
Filed: 2013-12-17
Abstract: The present invention refers to the propagation of pepper (Pimenta dioica L.) by the somatic embryogenesis technique, pepper being also known as allspice due to its flavor similar to cloves, cinnamon and nutmeg, pertaining to the Myrtaceae family and being a spice of great importance at a worldwide level, since it has a wide variety of uses in the pharmaceutical and aromatic industry. There is a great interest in increasing plantations of pepper in the region due to the increased demand, but there is no propagation method for accelerating its production and ensuring the continuity of the best genetic characteristics of the spice. Likewise, there is no study regarding the aromatic characteristics of pepper and its profile of essential oil highly demanded due to its applications in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. The development of an efficient methodology for obtaining plants of Pimenta dioica on a large scale, which would maintain characteristics of high productivity, low si ze and a high amount of essential oils of a high quality, will enable to reduce the problem of the vegetative seed supply for the establishment and renewal of plantations with high quality materials. Nowadays, a high-potential alternative for the vegetative propagation is the somatic embryogenesis, a method able to perform an in vitro propagation of plants under aseptic conditions, also maintaining the characteristics of the mother plant, under controlled conditions (light intensity, photoperiod, composition of the culture media, growth regulator levels, temperature, etc.), which reproduces high propagation rates of plants of agricultural interest, thus generating a warrantee of quality and homogeneous productivity in a continuous form for the market. The somatic embryogenesis is highly considered as the best way of regeneration, which uses the techniques of plant tissue culture in forest biotechnology. The current advances in genomic-biotechnology are having a great impact in the us e of selected material in many improvement programs. It is a natural propagation method, which does not include the formation of genetically modified organisms (OGM’s), avoiding controversies in their consumptions and facilitating the marketing thereof. As the somatic embryogenesis is a very efficient method for the genetic preservation and the production of an endless number of plants, it is intended to develop and standardize an efficient methodology for inducing the somatic embryogenesis in foliar explants of pepper (Pimenta dioica), so that obtaining the propagation of organisms with highly desirable characteristics amongst producers, such as: a high productivity, a suitable aromatic profile, a high amount of essential oils, low-sized and disease resistant plants, renewing in this manner plantations with materials of high quality, which provide a high production of pepper, satisfying the large demand that this product presents at a global level.