Patent GB-1009381-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to nuclear reactor fuelling arrangements
IPC: G21C19/14
Filed: 1963-02-20
Abstract: 1,009,381. Fuelling reactors. ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA Ltd. Feb. 20, 1963 [March 5, 1962], No. 6772/63. Heading G6C. A reactor fuelling machine includes a ram mechanism comprising two coaxial ram members longitudinally movable relatively to each other and terminating, respectively, in inner and outer snout members for engagement, respectively, with inner and outer members of a plug sealing a fuel tube of the reactor, said snout members each having locking means for locking engagement between each snout member and a respective one of said plug members, the mechanism also comprising a latch member mounted coaxially between the two ram members and movable longitudinally relatively to the ram members for actuating the locking means. The machine is intended for use with a reactor having horizontal fuel tubes, the ends of the tubes being normally closed by plugs and two such machines are employed, one at the loading face and the other at the unloading face of the reactor. The machines are coupled to opposite ends of the fuel tube to be fuelled and the pressure in the machines equalized with the coolant pressure in the tube, the machines then withdrawing the plugs by means of their snout members. The machine at the loading face uses its ram mechanism to drive a new fuel element from a magazine into the tube and the ram mechanism of the machine at the unloading face is withdrawn at a controlled rate to allow a spent fuel element to lie pushed out into a magazine. The machines then replace the plugs. Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically a machine 12 at the loading face of a reactor 10 having fuel tubes 11, the machine comprising a frame 13 having wheels 14 engaging rails 15, the ram mechanism 19 (including a fuel element magazine 18) being mounted on a carriage 16 vertically movable on pillars 17. A casing 20a on the machine establishes a watertight connection with the end of the selected tube 11. Fig. 3 shows a plug 86 sealing an end fitting 11a of one of the tubes 11 and the snout members of the fuelling machine penetrating into the end fitting in readiness for the plug removal. The outer snout member 68 is driven mechanically in a ram-like manner through a motor and gearing (Fig. 2a, not shown), the inner snout member 80 being driven hydraulically by a double-acting piston (Fig. 2b, not shown). Between the members 68, 80 is a latch tube 50 slidable relatively to both those members and mechanically driven by a motor through gearing. The tube 50 has recesses 83, 88 controlling the position of locking balls 82, 87 carried, respectively, in cavities in the inner and outer snout members 80, 68. A rod 111 slidable within the member 80 is mechanically coupled to the member 68 so that when the latter moves to the left the rod moves with it. As shown in Fig. 3 the mechanical ram, i.e. the outer snout 68 is substantially extended whereas the hydraulic ram, i.e. the inner snout 80 is substantially unextended. The plug 86 comprises at shell 91, constituting the outer member of the plug, to which a rim member 90 and an end plate 92 are fixed. Radially slidable jaws 94 in the shell project into a groove 101 in the fitting 11a to lock the plug in position, these jaws being spring biased into the locking position by legs 96 of a spider 95 urged by springs 100 within the shell, the legs extending through inclined slots 97 in the jaws. A boss 102 on the end plate 92 receives a plug rod 103, a spring 104 being interposed between the end of the rod 103 and a hub 105 of a flexible sealing disc 106. An annular projection 78 on the plate 92 engages the disc 106, the latter bearing against an annular seating 109 on the end fitting 11a with the interposition of a gasket 110. Locking balls 107 in cavities in the boss 102 co-operate with an annular inclined surface on a sleeve 85, constituting the inner member of the plug, and normally prevents movement to the left of the sleeve and thus locks the spider 95 in the position shown in which the jaws 94 are extended. In order to remove the plug the ram mechanism as a whole is moved further to the left by operating the motor driving the outer snout member 68, the rod 111 also moving to the left to push rod 103 and cause a slight bowing of the disc 106 whereby the sealing pressure is transferred from the projection 78 to the rod 103, the spring 104 being compressed. A groove 77 in the rod 103 is also brought into alignment with the balls 107 whereby the sleeve 85 is freed to move to the left. At the same time balls 82, 87 have been brought into alignment, respectively, with recesses 84, 89 formed in the sleeve 85 and rim member 90, the parts now having the position shown in Fig. 4. The latch tube 50 is moved to the left by its motor whereby the balls 82, 87 are forced into the recesses 84, 89 and the snout members 80, 68 are locked, respectively, to the sleeve 85 and rim member 90. The inner snout member 80 is moved hydraulically to the left thereby moving sleeve 85 to the left and spider 95 whereby the jaws 94 are withdrawn, Fig. 6. The plug 86 is withdrawn into the magazine 18 by withdrawing the snout member 68 whilst maintaining the snout member 80 advanced relatively to the member 68. The plug is disengaged by a reverse series of operations and a fuel element is introduced into the tube 11 by firstly extending the snout member 68 and then by extending the snout member 80. The degree of extension of the snout member 80 is indicated by a flexible graduated tape and another indicator shows the position of the latch tube 50.