baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-906191-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to hardness testers
IPC: G01N3/42
Filed: 1958-04-28
Abstract: 906,191. Hardness testers. WARMAN, R. T. April 21, 1959 [April 28, 1958], No. 13369/58. Class 106 (2). A hardness tester comprises a fluid-filled annular bellows 8 through which passes a microscope tube 1, the annulus being in communication with a pressure gauge 9 to indicate the pressure applied to an indenter 6 when the tube 1 is screwed downwardly by turning a ring 11, or the annulus may transmit the pressure to the indenter, which with the objective lens 5 is mounted on the tube 1 so that either the indenter or the lens may be brought into alignment with the tube. The tube 1 has an eyepiece 2 and a measuring stage 3 at its upper end, and the indenter member 6 and objective lens 5 at the other end, either of which may be brought to lie along the central axis of the tube 1 by means of a pivoting or sliding member 4, the tube 1 being slidably supported on the casing 7. Encircling the tube 1 are two concentrically disposed flexible metallic bellows sealed together at either end to form the annulus 8. This unit 8 is connected by a tube 18 to the pressure measuring device 9. The microscope tube 1 is threaded externally over part of its length 19 to engage a flanged mating sleeve 10 within the annulus 8, so that when the sleeve 10 is rotated the tube 1 slides axially to force the indenter into the workpiece and create pressure against the end of the annulus 8, the pressure being measured by the measuring device 9. At a convenient position in the wall of the microscope tube 1, an aperture 15 may be provided so that light from a lamp 17 may pass to a clear glass reflector 16 of the collimator type whereby the work is illuminated. Specifications 499,890 and 606,061 are referred to.
Patent GB-133755-A (GB)
IPC: F41J9/14
Abstract: 133,755. Kerestes, G. A. Oct. 14, 1918. Kinematograph apparatus. - In target, practice with a kinematograph, the hole made in the screen by the bullet is shown by a light shining through from a source 60, and the projection apparatus is stopped by the impact on the butts A behind the screw. The butts are reversible in sections E, F, G and consist of elements, Fig. 12, having spring-pressed insulated plates 2, 3 with stops 11, 11<a>, which are forced into contact with a central plate 4 and close the circuit H on impact. The electro-magnet 44 is thereby excited and the core 41 drawn in an amount adjusted by a screw stop. The arms 37, 38 with antifriction devices 42, 43 are thereby drawn together and separate the clutch members 27, 30, the teeth of which are normally engaged by the spring 33; a stop 40 on the arm 37 at the same time engages one of the radial recesses 34 formed on the clutch member 27 equal in number to the vibrations of the shutter per second, and the projection apparatus is stopped. A spiral groove in the driven clutch member 30 forces the clutch separators apart and the machine re-starts after an interval regulated by the displacement of the cere 41. A wipe contact 53 in the circuit I is closed bv the arm 56 on the return of the clutch separators, the solenoid 22 being thereby energized, and the two screens 12, 19, Fig. 13, are moved by pawl 21 and gears 16, 17 on their rollers at different speeds to conceal the hole made by the bullet. The wipe contact 53 is insulated on one side, so that the circuit I is not closed on the forward motion of the arm 37.
Patent GB-847626-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to single sideband equipment for speech transmission
IPC: G10L25/78
Filed: 1957-04-26
Abstract: 847,626. Radio transmitting and receiving systems. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. April 26, 1957 [April 26, 1956], No. 13379/57. Class 40(5). A single sideband radio system for the transmission of speech, of the type described in Specification 797,696 in which a limiter follows the single sideband generator at the transmitter and a limiter precedes the demodulator at the receiver, is modified in that instead of the transmission of a voltage representing the signal envelope, a switching voltage is transmitted which varies between fixed values in accordance with the presence or absence of letter sound signals, which at the receiver controls a blocking switch which opens or closes the speech signal channel in accordance with the presence or absence of letter sound signals. The system provides improved working with low signal-to-noise ratios. At the transmitter, Fig. 1a, speech signals from the microphone 1 are fed via a pre-emphasis network 2 and amplifier 3 to the single sideband modulator 4 which also receives an input from the carrier wave generator 5. The output of the modulator 4 is passed via a filter 6, which selects the upper sideband, a limiter 7, the make contact 8 of a relay 9, e.g. an electronic relay, a further limiter 10, and a single sideband filter 11 which also passes the carrier frequency, to the frequency changer 17 and aerial 19. An amplitude detector 12 is supplied from the amplifier 3 via a filter 13 and the envelope voltage derived from the detector 12 is applied via a low-pass filter 14 having a cut-off frequency of from 100 to 200 c.p.s., and a D.C. amplifier 15, to the relay 9. In the absence of speech signals the contact 16 of the relay 9 is closed and the carrier wave from the oscillator 5 is transmitted. As soon as speech frequencies representing letter sounds are present the relay 9 is operated, and the transmission of the carrier wave ceases, a single sideband speech signal being supplied to the limiter 10, and when the letter sound signal stops the relay 9 is released again. At the receiver the incoming signals are applied via a frequency-changer 21, filter 23, intermediate frequency amplifier 24, filter 25, limiter 26, and contact 27 of a relay 28, to a single sideband demodulator 29, the demodulated signal being supplied via a low-pass filter 31, and amplifier 32 having a de-emphasis network, to the loudspeaker 33. A filter 34 is connected to the output of the amplifier 24 to select the switching frequency which is applied to a frequencychanger 35 whose output is applied through a filter 39 to control the relay 28. When the switching voltage is received the relay 28 through the contact 27 interrupts the speech signal channel, thus ensuring that interference signals which occur during the intervals between letter sounds cannot reach the loudspeaker 33. Details of the transmitted circuit are given in Fig. 3a (not shown) and of the receiver circuit in Fig. 3b (not shown).
Patent GB-131158-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with Means for Supplying Air or Gas in a more or less Finely Divided State.
IPC: C02F3/20
Filed: 1918-08-17
Abstract: 131,158. Jones, W., and Jones & Attwood. Aug. 17, 1918. Aerating or oxidizing. -Apparatus for supply. ing air or gas in a finelydivided state in the treatrnent of sewage &c., comprises a trough, channel, or box filled at its upper part with cement, concrete, or the like, pervious to gas under pressure, the layer 2 of cement &c. being formed on a false bottom 5 cf perforated metal, Fig. 1, or of highly porous concrete, Fig. 2, or on a layer of loose brick, cinder, gravel, &c. which is removed after the layer 2 is formed. In the last case, the concrete layer is held in place by strips 6, Fig. 3. The apparatus is provided with a socket 4, Fig. 4, to which the pipe for supplying the gas is attached. The trough may be of metal, ferro-concrete, or other material. It may be of irregular form and may have twin or multiple chambers with independent gas supply and with cement layers of different permeability.
Patent GB-133983-A (GB)
IPC: F26B9/10
Abstract: 133,983. Marshall, J. C. Aug. 23, 1918. Shelves and trays; heating-fittings.-For sterilizing and drying animal and vegetable matter of all sorts and character, the matter is placed upon grids B through which hot air or steam is passed. The grids are placed in a housing and provided with suitable valves for controlling the admission of the air or steam.
Patent GB-229543-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to suspension devices for railway, tramway or road vehicles
IPC: B62D27/04
Filed: 1924-05-31
Abstract: 229,543. Swift, H. B. May 31, 1924. India-rubber and like springs.- A suspension device or shock-absorber for a vehicle comprises a housing formed of channel members capable of limited relative movement having between them a number of separate blown or cellular rubber bodies preferably balls or rollers. The housing comprises two channel-section members A, A<1> of which A<1> is secured to or made integral with the frame or chassis B of the vehicle. The member A can slide over the member A<1>, its motion being limited by a U-shaped member C attached to the upper member A and having a buffer pad D between its lower limb and the upper flange of the chassis frame B. The balls or rollers E are of known construction and consist of rubber blown or made spongy so as to contain a large number of air spaces enclosed within an outer portion without spaces or perforations.
Patent GB-479723-A (GB)
Title: Bearing
IPC: F16C32/06
Filed: 1937-05-11
Abstract: 479,723. Lubricating bearings. CINCINNATI GRINDERS, Inc. May 11, 1937, No. 13428. Convention date, June 2, 1936. [Classes 12 (i) and 12 (iii)] [Also in Group XXIII] The main shaft of a grinding-machine is mounted in tilting pad bearings, some pads 39 of which can have an initial pressure applied to them by screws 41. Axial thrust is taken up by a bearing 25 secured in the casing by rods 30, 32. The casing 18 is filled with oil under pressure, the rate of leakage from the casing being controlled by spring pressed rings 42 which have a small annular gap surrounding the shaft. Air and a small quantity of oil is removed from the casing by the pipe 58. In starting the device the lubricating motor 70 is first started by the switch 71, the pump 52 builds up pressure in the casing 13 and at a predetermined pressure the bellows 56 operate a relay to start the main driving motor 69.
Patent GB-1421864-A (GB)
Title: Fluid sealing arrangement
IPC: F01C1/063
Filed: 1973-03-20
Abstract: 1421864 Rotary positive-displacement machines H SABET 20 March 1973 [20 March 1972] 13443/73 Heading F1F An annular fluid sealing strip for sealingly engaging two co-operating cylindrical surfaces, comprises circumferentially overlapping segments 1,1',1", each segment having a radially projecting sealing rib 11, 12, 13 which intersects the axially median transverse plane of the strip at least once. In a rotary piston internal combustion engine of the intermittent abutment type wherein a rotor, Fig. 1, co-operates with the inner cylindrical surface of the engine casing, the annular strip is located in a groove in a cylindrical surface 3 of the rotor, the ribs 11, 12, 13 extending radially outwardly for engagement with the.inner surface of the casing. As shown in Fig. 2, recesses 15, 16, 17 in the strip serve to transmit lubricant to the relatively sliding surfaces of the ribs and casing inner wall. The end portions 12, 13 of adjacent segments 1", 1' interengage as shown in cross-section in Fig. 3. In an alternative embodiment Figs. 5- 7 (not shown), each segment has a central portion extending parallel to the transverse median plane and on one side thereof, adjacent segments having their central portions on opposite sides of the plane.
Patent GB-135313-A (GB)
IPC: H02H7/06
Abstract: 135,313. McColl, A. E. Nov. 27, 1918. Protective arrangements.-In the protection of alternating-current generators and transformers against faults between turns of the same phase and against loss of field causing reversal of current, as well as against leakages to ground on individual phases and against faults between phases, a biassed reverse-current relay has one element C connected across an unbalanced circulating-current system supplied from the unbalanced current transformers A, B connected as shown, so that the unbalanced current flows in the element C, while the second element D, instead of carrying the circulating-current as described in Specification 104,571, is energized from the potential of the circuit. The direction of the current in the element C is normally such as to hold the relay in the non-operative position. To enable the relay to operate on fault, even with complete collapse of the generator voltage, an auxiliary winding E consisting of a few turns on the field system of the relay may be connected in series or parallel with the element C and normally opposes the field set up by the element D. The relative connexion of the windings D, E is such that normally the relay tends to operate, but is prevented by the preponderating field due to the element D.
Patent GB-1276781-A (GB)
Title: Vehicular skid control system
IPC: B60T8/66
Filed: 1970-03-20
Abstract: 1276781 Aritiskid braking systems KELSEYHAYES CO. 20 March, 1970 [24 March 1969] 13538/70 Heading F2F In a control device for an antiskid braking system a flip-flop 24 controls a brake modulator 30 controlling the release and reapplication of the vehicle brakes so that the brake pressure to the wheels W is relieved when flip-flop 24 receives a signal indicating incipient wheel lock, a second signal is supplied to the flip-flop indicative of the wheels reaching a maximum acceleration causing the brakes to be reapplied. The measured wheel speed # is passed to flip-flop 24 by way of a circuit for releasing the brakes comprising a conductor 12, a diode D, and a vehicle speed analogue 16 which provides an output signal Va to a difference circuit 18 and which simulates the vehicle speed V, a current flowing through diode D providing #>Va. The wheel velocity signal # is also transmitted to the circuit 18 via a conductor 20, and the difference between Va and # gives an indication of slip, which, above a predetermined maximum, causes flip-flop 24 to relieve the brake pressure. The signal # is also fed to flip-flop 24 by way of a circuit for reapplying the brakes comprising a differentiating circuit 34 which passes a signal # to a peak detector 36, which, when the acceleration exceeds a maximum causes the flip-flop to reapply the brakes. A circuit for the peak detector 36 is described.
Patent GB-1467947-A (GB)
Title: Steroid compositions and processes for their preparation
IPC: A61K47/00
Filed: 1975-04-02
Abstract: 1467947 Topical steroid compositions E R SQUIBB & SONS Inc 2 April 1975 [10 April 1974] 13565/75 Heading A5B Non-stinging and non-irritating compositions for topical application in the treatment of dermatitis comprising from 0.01% to 0.5% by weight of the steroid 21-chloro-9alpha-fluoro- #<4>-pregnene-11#, 16alpha, 17alpha-triol-3, 20-dione 16, 17-acetonide from 1% to 35% by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of from 200 to 7500, up to 5% by weight of a bodying agent e.g. polyethylene glycol 6000 distearate, and from 65% to 99% by weight of oleaginous material e.g. petrolatum or mineral oil thickened with polyethylene, at least part of the steroid being dissolved in the polyethylene glycol, and the solution of steroid in polyethylene glycol being dispersed in the oleaginous material may be prepared by dissolving at least part of the steroid in the polyethylene glycol to form a solution, and mixing the solution with the oleaginous material. The compositions may also contain a dispersing modifier e.g. hydroxylated lanolin of polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate.
Patent GB-663420-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for photographing the finishes of horse races and the like
IPC: G03B15/00
Filed: 1949-05-20
Abstract: 663,420. Photo-finish apparatus. CAMP, E. W. May 20, 1949, No. 13571/49. Class 98 (i). Apparatus for photographing race finishes comprises an overhead structure on which a camera is mounted directly over the finishing line of the track. Preferably the camera is carried on a wheeled carriage which is provided with a motor driving it along a beam to and from a tower at one side of the track from which the beam projects, and also with a second motor driving the camera. As shown, a continuously moving film and slit aperture type of photofinish camera is mounted in a carriage 5 adapted to travel along a beam 3 extending from a tower 1 at the side of the track in line with the finishing post 2. The camera is loaded and unloaded in a film processing compartment 6 and is driven along the beam which has flanges 7 on which run double-flanged wheels 8 of the carriage, by a reversible electric motor 9, belt-connected to one pair of the wheels 8, against a stop 10 where the carriage is held by a pivoted latch 14 urged by a spring 16 to the latching position. After the race-finish has been recorded an electromagnet 18 is energized releasing the latch, so that the camera may be driven back to the compartment. A separate motor is provided for the camera, and this and the motor 9 may be supplied by separate conductor rails (not shown) while the electromagnet is supplied by an insulated cable, the beam 3 serving as a common earth return. The finishing post 2 preferably has a visible line on it and a similar line is provided on the tower so that the photofinish record bears evidence of the correct alignment of the camera and finishing post. Specifications 537,253 and 540,936 are referred to.
Patent GB-576129-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of nitroparaffins
Filed: 1942-09-28
Abstract: Paraffins are nitrated by being heated in the gaseous phase with nitrogenperoxide in the presence of substantially pure metallic aluminium as catalyst.  The latter may be mixed with inert material such as fused silica or may be given a preliminary activating treatment consisting of heating in the presence of nitrogenperoxide. The paraffins and nitrogen peroxide are preferably dried before use and the nitrogenperoxide should be free from other nitrogen oxides. The process may be continuous, the recovered unreacted components being used again.  Nitric oxide and oxides of carbon are removed since these cause oxidation of the paraffins.  In an example, propane is treated with nitrogenperoxide in a heated glass converter packed with aluminium turnings, the products being passed through three catchpots, one of which is air cooled and the others by means of a methanol-solid-carbondioxide mixture.  The bulked products are steam distilled.  In another example, commercial aluminium turnings containing 1.7 per cent copper, 1.3 per cent iron and a detectable amount of nickel are used as catalyst.
Patent GB-816233-A (GB)
Title: Cement composition and method of preparation
IPC: C04B12/04
Filed: 1956-05-03
Abstract: A cold setting cement composition comprises a particulate filler, a binder comprising a colloidal silica sol, and a setting agent comprising a solid alkali metal silicate having an alkali metal oxide to SiO2 molar ratio within the range of 1 : 1 to 1 : 4,2.  Strong cements are obtained using sodium silicate in which the weight ratio of the sodium oxide to silica is 1 : 1,4 to 1 : 2,3.  The cement may comprise 5 per cent. by weight of sodium disilicate, 5 or 5,4 per cent. of kaolinite, a sol containing 30 per cent. by weight of silica, and a filler selected from silica, beryl, mullite, feldspar, olivine, zircon, wollastanite, shredded asbestos, nepheline syenite, amblygonite, fluorspar, alumina, silicon carbide, red mud, topaz, limestone, and Pyrex (Registered Trade Mark) glass.  The setting time and the period during which the cement may be trowelled may be varied by using silicate setting agents of different concentrations or of different rates of solubility, cements of short setting times but of sufficiently long trowelling periods may be obtained by using selected mixtures of a fast-setting agent, e.g. Na2O.2SiO2 and a slow-setting agent, e.g. Na2O.3.3SiO2.  The examples describe the preparation of cements comprising silica sol and (1) and (2) potassium silicate, quartz, sand, and clay (3) abrasive alumina, silicon carbide, and sodium silicate (4) quartz, sand, clay, a mixture of anhydrous sodium silicates, Na2O.2SiO2 and NaO.3,3SiO2, and, if desired, a blowing agent (5) hydrated silica in addition to the ingredients of Example (4), and (6) quartz and the setting agent of Example (4).
Patent GB-1458981-A (GB)
Title: Porousceramic elements for radiant heating
IPC: F23D14/14
Filed: 1973-03-22
Abstract: 1458981 Porous ceramic element SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV 20 March 1974 [22 March 1973] 13738/73 Addition to 1384873 Heading C1J [Also in Division F4] A porous ceramic element comprises a sintered permeable core of one or more grain size gradings of a refractory material having a continuous sintered lateral casing or frame composed of a refractory of compatible composition, the core forming an integral part with the casing or frame and wherein there is a thin region of reduced flow resistance between the core and its surrounding casing or frame portion. The region of reduced flow resistance may be formed by addition of an auxiliary material (e.g. wax, grease) between the unsintered core and the unsintered casing or frame, the auxiliary material being removed during sintering without preventing the core and the casing or frame from forming an integral part. The region may also be formed by reducing the thickness of at least part of the core at its edge adjacent the casing or frame wall, the reduction in thickness being gradual in the direction towards the wall. The region may finally be formed by forming the casing or frame around the core during a heat treatment accompanied by shrinking. The ceramic element's use in heating appliances is described.
Patent GB-1388714-A (GB)
Title: Process for the conversion of metal-contaminated hydrocarbon  feedstocks
IPC: C10G67/06
Filed: 1972-03-24
Abstract: 1388714 Catalytic conversion of heavy hydrocarbon oils EXXON RESEARCH & ENG CO 24 March 1972 [1 April 1971] 13868/72 Heading C5E In a process for the catalytic conversion of metal-contaminated hydrocarbon feedstocks the feed is passed through a preliminary contact zone containing hydrocarbon conversion catalyst so as to produce substantial deposition of inorganic metal salts and some carbonaceous material upon the catalyst and the hydrocarbon effluent from the preliminary contact zone is passed into the main reaction zone containing hydrocarbon conversion catalyst; the temperature in the main reaction zone is gradually raised to maintain the catalyst activity and the temperature in the preliminary contact zone is maintained below the maximum temperature employed in the main zone. The preliminary contact zone can comprise a single guard chamber or a plurality of guard chambers in series or in parallel. The treatment in the main zone can be cracking or hydrocracking at 600-1000‹ F. or hydrodesulphurization or hydrodenitrogenation at 500-825‹ F. The catalysts used in the main reaction zone and in the preliminary contact zone suitably comprise nickel or cobalt together with molybdenum or tungsten on a support comprising silica and/or alumina. In an example an atmospheric residium is hydrodesulphurized with hydrogen passed into both the preliminary and main zones.
Patent GB-894742-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lifts comprising cabins suspended by cables
IPC: B66B11/08
Filed: 1958-05-01
Abstract: 894,742. Lifts for mechanical garages. BIANCA, E. G. May 1, 1958 [May 2, 1957], No. 13887/58. Classes 78 (3) and 78 (4). A lift cage 100 (Fig. 4) is suspended through two separate pulley arrangements 107, 1071 from cables 110, 110<SP>1</SP> which pass over a common driving pulley 116 to a single counterweight 106. In the form shown the cables 110, 110<SP>1</SP> pass from anchorages 122, 122<SP>1</SP> under the pulleys 107, 107<SP>1</SP>, while at the other end they pass under pulleys 121 on the counterweight 106 to an anchorage 124. In an alternative arrangement (Fig. 1) four pulleys 65, 65a are provided on the cage. Cable-gripping shoes 71 (Figs. 1 and 2) are urged into engagement with stop cables 67, 67a running through guides 63, 63a to brake the cage if it runs away. The shoes 71 are normally held out of engagement with the cables 67, 67a by latches 73, 73a which are released by an hydraulic device 74 if a governor measuring the speed of the cage over speeds. The cables 67, 67a may be replaced by rods.