Patent GB-661114-A (GB)
Title: Process for water gas generation and hydrocarbon conversion
IPC: C10G35/14
Filed: 1948-09-29
Abstract: The carbonaceous residue from a gasification zone, using "fluidized" technique, is passed, at least in part, as a fluidized stream to act as a catalyst in a conversion zone in which hydrocarbon oils are contacted therewith at hydrocarbon conversion temperatures, the improved hydrocarbon oil being recovered from the conversion zone. In Fig. 1, powdered coal or coke from a hopper 1 is fluidized in a pipe 2, e.g. by air or superheated steam, admitted from <PICT:0661114/IV (b)/1> pipes 3, and is passed by a pipe 4, in which it is mixed with hot combustion residue from the chamber 15, to a gasification chamber 5 in which a temperature of 1700-1900 DEG  F., and a pressure from 0 to 400 lbs. per square inch, preferably from 0-40 lbs. per square inch, are maintained.  Air or oxygen may be supplied through the pipe 4, or through a pipe 8, for maintaining the temperature by partial combustion.  The water gas is withdrawn through a gas-solids separator 9.  Carbonaceous residue from the gasifier 5 is withdrawn at 11 and passes, in part, through the branch 13 to the combustion chamber 15, another part passing through the lines 12, 21 to the conversion chamber 22.  The temperature of this residue is lowered to about 1200 DEG  F., by admission of steam to the pipe 12 for fluidizing, and by generation of superheated steam, for use in the gasifier, in a heat-exchanger 20.  The hydrocarbon oil is admitted to the chamber 22 through the pipe 21 in which it mixes with the catalyst, the reaction products being withdrawn through a gas-solids separator 24 and passed through heat-exchange apparatus to the recovery plant.  The catalyst acquires a carbonaceous deposit in the chamber 25 and is withdrawn continuously through a pipe 26 to be fluidized with steam and passed by a pipe 28 either to the gasifier 5 or to the combustion chamber 15.  Air or oxygen for combustion is supplied through the pipe 14.  The ash content of the system is controlled by withdrawal through the pipe 29.  In a modification, a separate combustion zone is dispersed with, the heat for gasification being produced in the gasifier by admitting sufficient air or oxygen. The lighter hydrocarbon gases resulting from the cracking operation are separated by conventional means from the heavier hydrocarbon gases, and are mixed with the water-gas.  The used catalyst from the conversion chamber may be injected into the top of the water-gas generating zone, the adsorbed hydrocarbons on the catalyst being cracked to low molecular weight hydrocarbons and removed with the product gas.  Specification 644,004, [Group XII], is referred to.ALSO:<PICT:0661114/III/1> The carbonaceous residue from a gasification zone, using "fluidized" techniques, is passed, at least in part, as a fluidized stream to act as a catalyst in a conversion zone in which hydrocarbon oils are contacted therewith at hydrocarbon conversion temperatures, the improved hydrocarbon oil being recovered from the conversion zone.  In Fig. 1, powdered coal or coke from a hopper 1 is fluidized in a pipe 2, e.g., by air or superheated steam, admitted from pipes 3, and is passed by a pipe 4, in which it is mixed with hot combustion residue from the chamber 15, to a gasification chamber 5 in which a temperature of 1700 DEG -1900 DEG F., and a pressure from 0 to 400 lbs. per square inch, preferably from 0-40 lbs. per square inch, are maintained.  Air or oxygen may be supplied through the pipe 4, or through a pipe 8, for maintaining the temperature by partial combustion.  The water gas is withdrawn through a gas-solids separator 9.  Carbonaceous residue from the gasifier 5 is withdrawn at 11 and passes, in part, through the branch 13 to the combustion chamber 15, another part passing through the lines 12, 21 to the conversion chamber 22.  The temperature of this residue is lowered to about 1200 DEG F., by admission of steam to the pipe 12 for fluidizing, and by generation of superheated steam, for use in the gasifier, in a heat-exchanger 20.  The hydrocarbon oil is admitted to the chamber 22 through the pipe 21 in which it mixes with the catalyst, the reaction products being withdrawn through a gas-solids separator 24 and passed through heat-exchange apparatus to the recovery plant.  The catalyst acquires a carbonaceous deposit in the chamber 25 and is withdrawn continuously through a pipe 26 to be fluidized with steam and passed by a pipe 28 either to the gasifier 5 or to the combustion chamber 15.  Air or oxygen for combustion is supplied through the pipe 14.  The ash content of the system is controlled by withdrawal through the pipe 29. In a modification, a separate combustion zone is dispensed with, the heat for gasification being produced in the gasifier by admitting sufficient air or oxygen. The lighter hydrocarbon gases resulting from the cracking operation are separated by conventional means from the heavier hydrocarbon gases, and are mixed with the water-gas.  The used catalyst from the conversion chamber may be injected into the top of the water-gas generating zone, the adsorbed hydrocarbons on the catalyst being cracked to low molecular weight hydrocarbons and removed with the product gas.  Specification 644,004, [Group XII], is referred to.