Patent GB-1051716-A (GB)
IPC: G01N1/00
Abstract: 1,051,716. Automatic analyser. WARNER-LAMBERT PHARMACEUTICAL CO. June 28, 1963 [July 2, 1962], No. 25854/63. Heading B1X. [Also in Division B8]. An automatic analyzer comprises a row of evenly spaced sample containers, means to add a conditioning agent to a sample at one location along said row, detecting means to determine a characteristic of the sample consequent upon said sample reaching another location along said row and means to effect relative incremental movement between said row and said conditioning and detecting means, wherein the distance along the row between said locations is adjustable to vary the length of time each sample is subjected to conditioning. The preferred form of apparatus shown in Fig. 1 comprises a linear conveying device 12 and cyclic conveying devices 13 and 14 connected thereto by means of transferring devices 15a, 15c. Conveying device 12 is provided with sample holding blocks 22, shown also in Fig. 4, each of which consists of four rows 82, 83, 87 and 94 of compartments 32 respectively adapted to receive samples (e.g. of blood), to combine a measured quantity of sample and precipitating reagent, to filter the precipitate formed by the reagent and to receive the filtrate (deproteinized blood) from the previous container. The blocks are fed into the left-hand end of the conveying device with the samples in place in row 82 or 83 and moved stepwise to the right by means of conveying chain 21. A transfer device 68a adds a reagent to the samples in row 83 and a further transfer device 86 moves the slurry from row 83 into row 87 where filtration is carried out, the liquid passing through filter 92 into compartment 94 (Fig. 4). Samples in row 82 continue to move along until they reach transfer device 15a by means of which they are removed and placed in the outer row 26a of turntable 24 of transfer device 13. Further conditioning e.g. by means of temperature control or addition of further reagent by means of devices 94A then takes place until transfer device 15b is reached where they are moved to the inner row 26b, if required. After suitable treatment therein the samples are pumped out through one of devices 94A into a sensing unit such as a colorimeter for measurement and determination. Similarly the samples of filtrate in row 94 are treated in transfer device 14 and subsequently passed to a measuring device for determination. Fig. 3 shows a transfer device similar to that shown at 68a. In the illustrated position of valve 73, compressed air enters through line 42 and is connected to line 57 and thus to chamber 49 of pump 71. This depresses piston 51 and forces liquid present in chamber 48 out of tube 69 via bore 66 and line 61. By raising the left-hand element of valve 73 into its second position, vacuum may be applied through line 43 to line 57 thus raising the piston and thereby drawing a reagent from reservoir 72 through line 67 and bore 66 into the chamber 48 of said pump for subsequent ejection from the tube 69. A similar device is described (Fig. 2, not shown) which contains two pump units. Fig. 6 illustrates the control system for the apparatus. The chain drive 21 for the linear conveyer 12 is driven by motor 16 and the turntables 24, 25 of the cyclic conveyers are driven by two motors as at 17, 18. An automatic conditioning arrangement is shown at the lower right-hand side of the Fig. and the system is controlled by a master timer 101 which transmits starting signals for each cycle of operation and a device 102 which activates the various components in the desired sequence. As shown, an impulse from the master timer starts a stepping switch motor 103 and the conveyer drives 17, 18 and 19 whereby the conveyers each move through one step whilst the stepping switch 104 begins to move through contacts A-1 thereby effecting removal of the probe 34 into and out of a container by means of motor 77 operating a lever 76 bearing on collars 81 whilst the arrangement 79 provides for rotation of the probe and motor 106 operates device 41 which is similar to valve 73 (Fig. 3) and provides. with suitable pumping devices, for the removal or ejection of a liquid through probe 34 in the desired sequence.