baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-200943-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the construction of pneumatic tyres
IPC: B60C19/12
Filed: 1922-04-28
Abstract: 200,943. Jackson, W. J., (Fink, M. W.). April 28, 1922. Drawings to Specification. Proofing.-Leather, preferably chrome leather, for use in wheel tyres is impregnated by means of rubber solution in a vacuum chamber with or without the application of dry or moist heat.
Patent GB-774837-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of aromatic or heterocyclic hydroxycarboxylic acids
IPC: C07D209/88
Filed: 1955-04-26
Abstract: Aromatic ortho-hydroxycarboxylic acids or heterocyclic hydroxycarboxylic acids in which the hydroxyl group is adjacent to the carboxyl group, are prepared by continuously reacting an alkali metal salt of an aromatic hydroxy compound or heterocyclic hydroxy compound in the presence of a phenolic solvent and at an elevated temperature with carbon dioxide at a pressure of at least 50 atmospheres to form the alkali metal salt of the aromatic or heterocyclic hydroxycarboxylic acid from which the free acid is then liberated.  The term "phenolic solvent" is defined as the free aromatic or heterocyclic hydroxy compound corresponding to the alkali metal salt used, or another aromatic or heterocyclic hydroxy compound which is inert under the reaction conditions. Aromatic hydroxy compounds which may be used are phenol, substituted phenols and naphthols which yield the corresponding o-carboxylic acids, while heterocyclic hydroxy compounds mentioned are 8-hydroxy-quinoline and 2-hydroxycarbazole which yield 8-hydroxyquinoline-7-carboxylic acid and 2-hydroxycarbazole-3-carboxylic acid respectively.  The process may be conducted by pumping a solution or suspension of the alkali metal salt in the phenolic solvent into a reaction chamber containing carbon dioxide under pressure, the reaction mixture being agitated with carbon dioxide.  The suspension of alkali metal salt of the acid formed in the phenolic solvent is then withdrawn, the excess carbon dioxide separated and recycled, and the alkali metal salt separated and worked up to provide the free hydroxycarboxylic acid.  In Example (1), a hot suspension of sodium phenate in phenol is milled and passed through a vertical high-pressure tube with carbon dioxide, the reaction mixture separated, phenol and carbon dioxide being recycled, and the sodium salicylate washed and treated for the recovery of salicylic acid; in a similar manner, (2), sodium phenate suspended in a mixture of o- and p-tert.-butyl phenols yields salicylic acid; (3) the sodium salt of b -naphthol in b -naphthol yields 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid; and (4) sodium 3 : 4-dimethylphenate in phenol yields 3 : 4-dimethylphenol-6-carboxylic acid.
Patent GB-917651-A (GB)
Title: Liquid fuel containing a boron compound
Inventor: LIAO CHIEN-WEI
IPC: C10L1/30
Filed: 1958-04-15
Abstract: Gasoline contains a compound of formula <FORM:0917651/III/1> obtained by reacting 2 moles of butane 1,3-diol with either 1 mole of boric acid or 1/2 mole of boric oxide, in an amount sufficient to provide from 0,002 to 0,1% by weight of boron in the fuel.  The fuel may also contain up to 6 c.c. per U.S. gallon of tetraethyl lead and an ethylene dihalide scavenging agent. Specifications 722,537, 722,538, 822,280, 917,652, 917,653 and 917,654 are referred to.ALSO:A boron compound of formula <FORM:0917651/IV (b)/1> is obtained by reacting 2 moles of butane 1,3-diol with either 1 mole of boric acid or 1/2 mole of boric oxide.  Examples are given.  Specifications 722,537, 722,538, 822,280, 917,652, 917,653 and 917,654 are referred to.
Patent GB-1254191-A (GB)
Title: Spreadable fats
Inventor: WIESKE THEOPIL
IPC: A23D7/00
Filed: 1969-03-07
Abstract: 1,254,191. Spreadable fat composition. UNILEVER Ltd. 7 March, 1969 [7 March, 1968], No. 12097/69. Heading C5C. A fat composition comprises a mixture of C 8  and C 10  glycerides at least 20% by wt. of which is in the # erystal form, the mixture containing at least 45 wt. per cent of tricapria. The fat preferably contains 0À5-20 wt. per cent of C 8  and C 10  diglycerides but is substantially free of C 8  and C 10  monoglycerides. The fat composition optionally containing a fat component containing at least 40% polyunsaturated fatty acids e.g. sunflower oil, may be used as the sole fat component of a margarine. In an example a margarine was prepared containing the fat composition, soya phosphatide, palm oil mono- and diglycerides and skim milk.
Patent GB-260505-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in plastic compositions applicable as electric insulating and acid proof materials and for manufacturing various articles
IPC: H01B3/18
Filed: 1926-05-11
Abstract: 260,505. Abrey, R. H. May 11, 1926. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Compositions containing bituminous materials. - A plastic composition suitable for moulding electric insulating and acid proof material comprises 20 parts of Gilsonite or Grahamite, 1 part Carna³ba wax, 5 parts refined coal tar pitch and 1 part of shellac melted together and treated when cold with 1 part of flowers of sulphur the product being mixed with 6 parts of deironized blue asbestos fibre and 15 parts of ground mica, pumice, or silica.
Patent GB-191410-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrically driven gyroscopes
IPC: G01C19/08
Filed: 1918-07-25
Abstract: 191,410. Low, A. M. July 25, 1918. Addition to 191,407. Torpedoes, locomotive.-The desired deflection of the axis of the gyroscope in apparatus according to the parent Specification, is produced either by electromagnets exerting torque on the gyroscope or by an electromagnetic brake which controls the speed of the rotor. As shown in Fig. 1, the gimbal ring b carries brackets f on which are mounted electromagnets g adapted to be selectively excited to exert torque in one direction or the other about the axis c and thus to produce the desired precession around the axis e-e. In the form shown in Fig. 3, a disc h secured to the shaft d of the rotor b<1> is adapted to be engaged by a spring-controlled disc k, the boss of which forms the core of an electromagnet m; washers l may be inserted between the discs. By varying the current through the magnet m, the braking effect on the shaft is controlled and thus the speed of the rotor is increased or diminished.
Patent GB-118437-A (GB)
Title: A System for the Protection of Three-phase Alternating Current Systems.
Inventor: JENSEN RASMUS JOHANNES
IPC: H01H83/14
Filed: 1917-08-24
Abstract: 118,437. Jensen, R. J. Aug. 24, 1917. Protective arrangements; electro - magnetic switches.-For the protection of three-phase maina against faults which develop unsymmetrical loading in a normally symmetrically-loaded system, relays are inserted in the mains to release the main switch, the relays having a fixed field system passed by two only of the phase currents producing two magnetic fields which have a resultant causing the relay to operate on unsymmetrical loading, but have no effect on the relay on symmetrical loading. In the form shown in Fig. 6, the equal coils a, b each in one of the phases produce a resultant field which normally has a phase displacement of 90 degrees in relation to the field produced by the moving coil c which is passed by the third phase current and, consequently, the relay is not operated. In the event of fault however, the displacement differs from 90 degrees and, when the fault reaches a certain value,'the relay is operated. The relay may be provided with time-element. The coils a, b may be wound upon a horse-shoe core and the coil c arranged between the poles. For complete protection two relays as above described are necessary, the fixed field coils of the first carrying say the currents of phases 2 and 3, respectively, and the moving coil carrying the current of phase 1, while the corresponding coils of the second relay carry the currents of phases 1, 3 and 2. To deal with a leak when the phases are unloaded, a maximum relay is inserted in the neutral wire of the current transformers for the field coils and, to prevent the unnecessary operation of this relay by higher harmonies, an inductive resistance is connected in series with the relay and the relay and inductive resistance are shunted by an ohmic resistance. Symmetrical overload is dealt with by a single overload relay in one of the phases. In the induction-type relay shown in Fig. 13, the coil c carrying the current of the third phase is replaced by an induction disk s. The field coil n carries one of the phase currents directly, but the field coil p carries a current so displaced in relation to another of the phase currents that its phase is directly opposite to that of the current in the field coil n. This displacement is produced by the ohmic resistance q and the inductive resistance r. On the occurrence of a fault between any two of the mains, the currents in the windings n, p no longer nullify their effects in the relay, but produce a resultant field which operates the disk. The disk s may be dispensed with by employing a closed magnet having a secondary winding in which current is induced to release the main switch when a fault occurs.
Patent GB-253497-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for securing railway rail joints to sleepers
IPC: E01B11/58
Filed: 1926-05-11
Abstract: 253,497. Buchholz, T. June 10, 1925. [convention date]. Rail joints ; joint chairs ; chairs with separate jaws. - A base plate a has a low inner rib b receiving the bolt f for the clamp h and a high outer rib c having a projection d engaged by a wedge-plate e secured by fish-bolts f<1>. The gauge is adjusted by using plates e of different size or by using blocks of rectangular crosssection which can be turned for adjustment. The collar u is wedge-shaped and engages a recess in the plate e. The bolt f, Fig. 2, has a hammerhead seated in a. recess in the rib b. The clamp h, Fig. 1, has a rib h<2> engaging the side of the rail foot. Specification 251,233 is referred to.
Patent GB-930218-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in flexible electrically conducting members
Inventor: STUBBS FRANK
IPC: H01R4/02
Filed: 1961-04-05
Abstract: 930,218. Direct connections between conductors. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. April 2, 1962 [April 5, 1961], No. 12195/61. Class 38 (1). In a process for making a soldered or welded connection to a flexible electrical conductor, to prevent the molten added metal creeping along the conductor, the part at which the connection is to be made is inserted in a bore or recess in a body of refractory material and heated until a portion melts. The subsequent cooling produces a substantially solid portion on the flexible conductor. If the chosen region is at one end a recess is used; if it is intermediate the two ends a close-fitting bore is used. The member may be heated by a rotating gas jet in a hydrogen or inert atmosphere and the refractory material may be quartz. Only the outer portion of the conductor need be melted.
Patent GB-687079-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to lid hinges
Inventor: SQUIRE ALEXANDER CECIL ALLDRIT
IPC: E05F1/12
Filed: 1950-05-18
Abstract: 687,079. Door-operating appliances; hinges. SQUIRE, A. C. A. April 12, 1951 [May 18, 1950], No. 12424/50. Classes 65 (i) and 65 (ii) In a spring hinge for a member 10, e.g. the lid of the luggage boot of a motor vehicle, turning movement is applied to a hinge arm 12 through a link 17 by a lever arm 19 which is angularly movable about a fixed pivot and is loaded by a torsion bar 23, the arrangement being such that the lid is counterbalanced in its open position by the torsion bar, while the latter, in the closed position of the lid, exerts a force in the closing direction or exerts a minimum force in the opening direction. As shown, the hinge and lever arms are pivoted at 13 and 20 respectively to a bracket 14, and at 16 and 18 respectively to the link. The torsion bar is U-shaped, and one of its arms is aligned with the pivot 20 and has a cranked end 22 anchored to the lever arm. The other arm, which has a cranked end anchored to a swinging member 24, is aligned with the pivot 25 of the latter. The member 24 abuts an adjustable screw 26. The link 17 and lever 19 abut a stop 29 in the open position of the lid. In a modification the torsion bar is of straight form, one end being secured in a mounting permitting angular adjustment of the bar and the other end being cranked and anchored to the lever 19, while pivot 16 is adapted to pass over a dead centre relatively to pivots 13 and 18 to hold the lid closed, and pivot 18 engages in an arcuate groove in the mounting bracket to provide a stop for the lid in its open position.
Patent GB-725030-A (GB)
Title: Device for forwarding calling signals in telephone installations
IPC: H04M1/715
Filed: 1953-05-05
Abstract: 725,030. Substation equipment. TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET L. M. ERICSSON. May 5, 1953 [May 5, 1952], No. 12476/53. Class 40 (4). [Also in Group XXXVII] The ringing current to a subscriber's instrument is forwarded to another instrument if the call is not answered within a predetermined time by a device which is moved in accordance with the number of strokes of the bell armature. When the handset 4 is raised (e.g. on a previous call) the vertical portion of the member 6 is thrust between the drum 8 and the roller 7 where it is held by friction between the member and the drum 8 when the handset is restored. This opens the contact springs 3. When a call is received the armature 22 of the bell causes the lever 11 to reciprocate imparting a corresponding motion to the rollers 13. In one direction only of rotation of rollers, the balls 15 wedge between the rollers and the drum to cause the drum to rotate. The consequent progressive stepping of the drum moves the member 6 downwards until after a prescribed time it permits the roller 7 to move to the left to close the contacts 3 for forwarding the ringing current to another instrument.
Patent GB-1037539-A (GB)
Title: Extensible roller conveyor
Inventor: GURNEY LEONARD DESMOND
IPC: B65G13/00
Filed: 1964-03-24
Abstract: 1,037,539. Roller conveyers. IMPEX ENGINEERING Ltd. March 23, 1965 [March, 24, 1964], No. 12501/64. Heading B8A. An extensible roller conveyer comprises rollers 10 which are mounted on two pivoted lattice frameworks 11, 12, Fig. 2 (not shown). End supports 13, 14 are vertically adjustable in relation to legs 15, 16 and are slotted to receive slidable blocks 20. These are pivoted to the end lattice members 17, 18 and allow for vertical displacement as the conveyer is expanded and contracted. A modification. Figs. 4-7 (not shown), is arranged to take heavier loads by additionally pivoting the lattice framework members at three intermediate positions. The lattice is prevented from over-extending by check chains 65, Fig. 6. Alternatively a latch 67 may be used, Fig. 7. The conveyer may be in cantilever form, with screws, hydraulic or gear means to control extension of the cantilever.
Patent GB-151307-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of knitting pins, crochet hooks and the like
IPC: B21G1/00
Filed: 1919-05-19
Abstract: 151,307. Lilley, H. N. May 19, 1919. Crochet and like hooks are made of an. aluminium-manganese alloy such as duralumin.
Patent GB-668561-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of tetraalykllead
IPC: C07F7/24
Filed: 1949-05-11
Abstract: Tetra-alkyl lead is prepared by heating a magnesium-lead alloy with an alkyl halide at an elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst comprising an aliphatic ether, a substituted amine having no hydrogen attached to the amino nitrogen atom, a hydrocarbon substituted ammonium iodide or an aromatic base containing nitrogen in heterocyclic combination or mixtures thereof.  A number of specific examples of catalysts that may be used are given.  When the alkyl halide is an alkyl chloride, an alkyl iodide may be employed as a promoter for the catalyst.  The magnesium-lead alloy may contain from 18 to 22 per cent by weight magnesium.  Reaction temperatures may vary up to 150 DEG  C., the reaction being preferably carried out at superatmospheric pressure.  A stoichiometric excess of the alkyl halide may be used.  A summary of experiments is given giving the reaction conditions and results obtained when using ethyl chloride and bromide, methyl bromide, isopropyl bromide, isobutyl bromide and n-butyl iodide with various catalysts.
Patent GB-441914-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to automatic arc lamp mechanism
IPC: H05B31/00
Filed: 1934-06-26
Abstract: 441,914. Arc lamps. SPERRY GYROSCOPE CO., Inc., Manhattan Bridge Plaza, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.-(Assignees of House, F. R. ; 4, Hayes Street, Baldwin Harbor, New York, U.S.A.) June 26, 1934, No. 12687/35. Convention date, June 26, 1933. Divided out of 441,848. [Class 39 (i)] The negative electrode is held between jaws 60, 61 and fed forward by rollers connected by the gears 69, 73. The jaw 60 is rotated on a sleeve surrounding a spindle carrying a bevel gear 66 and a gear 68 from which the gears 69, 73 are driven. The upper roller is carried on a spindle 82 journalled in a bent lever 74 which is pivoted to the jaw 60 at 79, and the rollers and the jaws 60, 61 are pressed together by a spring 76 acting on the lever. On pressing the lever 74 the upper roller moves in a slot in the jaw 70 so as to be freed from the carbon, and the jaws 60, 61 then separate. The distances of the various pivots &c. are so arranged that the pressure of the rollers on the carbon is greater than that of the jaws. To render the journals self-cleaning the spindles are of a partly square section. The invention is used with the regulating and driving arrangements described in Specifications 441,848 and 441,913.
Patent GB-128675-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the Cam-shafts of Internal-combustion Engines.
Inventor: HAGENS HUBERT
IPC: F01L1/42
Filed: 1917-09-05
Abstract: 128,675. Hagens, H. Sept. 5, 1917. Valve-gear.-Radial cylinders with overhead cam shafts are arranged in two sets, the shafts of each set being driven from one or other of two sets of wheel teeth on a common pinion B. One shaft of each set of cylinders is shown at C<1> D respectively in Fig. 2, these shafts being driven from the pinion on the crank-shaft through intermediate shafts A<1>, A. The wheels are secured to the shafts by cone-shaped members G mounted in the ends of the hollow shafts and drawn together by a bolt H, H<1>. The ends of the shafts are split, as at E, Fig. 3, being forced into frictional contact with the hubs of the wheels by the pressure of the members G. Keys J prevent the wheels from rotating relatively to the shaft.
Patent GB-224566-A (GB)
Title: An improved commutator for direct currents of dynamo electric generators and motors
IPC: H02K13/00
Filed: 1923-05-12
Abstract: 224,566. Aldred, W., and Millnes, T. May 12, 1923. Commutators. - Relates to commutators for continuous-current machines in which the segments are built up in the form of two rings, the segments of each ring being in stepped relationship with those of the other ring, and the segments of one ring being provided with a projection engaging with the segments of the other ring. According to the invention, the peripheral portion of the segments a, b are in contact on a vertical face formed by the projections t<1> on one ring of segments, the remaining portions of the commutator face being filled in with insulation c. The armature coils are connected to bolts h which pass through both segments a, b. Broad brushes are employed. The commutator is detachably mounted on the armature shaft by bolts k.
Patent GB-417641-A (GB)
Title: Automatic analyser-detector for liquids
IPC: A01K93/00
Filed: 1934-04-27
Abstract: An automatic analysis apparatus for liquids comprises a sampling reservoir 5 which when full discharges by the siphon 6 into an analysis vessel 8 of smaller size from which most of the liquid is discharged again by siphon 9.  One or more reagents <PICT:0417641/III/1> are supplied by the pipes 20, 21, controlled by the taps 22, 23, to the remaining liquid and the resulting colour change is indicated or recorded by optical, e.g. photo - electric means of known kind.  The analysis vessel is mounted on a counterpoised beam 10 whereby on being filled it completes an electric circuit operating valves 24, 25 which admit further supplies of the reagents to the pipes 20, 21.  The above-described arrangement of the sampling and analysis vessels ensures thorough rinsing of the latter between operations.  The apparatus is suitable for detecting sugar in the condensation waters of a sugar factory.
Patent GB-767972-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in laundry shaping and drying formers
Inventor: GRIMES ROBERT CHARLES
IPC: D06F71/28
Filed: 1954-05-03
Abstract: 767,972. Drying clothes &c. ADVANCE LAUNDRIES, Ltd. May 6, 1955 [May 3, 1954], No. 12767/54. Class 34(1) A hollow expandible heating former for shaping and drying tubular articles such as shirt sleeves pulled thereover has a pair of shell-like sections 3, 3, which abut at their longitudinal edges 3b when closed, secured to brackets 10 engaging in oblique slots 8 in wings 7 on a tube 5 slidable on an inner tube 6 fixed to the body 1 of the device, the parts 3 being connected to the body 1 by link 11 so that raising of tube 5 by means of a treadle device (not shown) causes separation of the parts 3. The hollow body is heated by steam pipes 14 or other means.
Patent GB-581872-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing paraffinic hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C2/86
Filed: 1944-07-05
Abstract: Paraffins containing at least 6 carbon atoms are produced by reacting an alkyl halide of at least 6 carbon atoms with a paraffin containing 4 or 5 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalytic amount of a metal halide of the Friedel-Crafts' type. Primary, secondary or tertiary alkyl chlorides or bromides may be reacted with a molar excess of isobutane or isopentane at about - 40 to 100, preferably - 10 to 100 DEG  C., to give branched paraffins, and lower boiling alkyl halides which can be condensed with olefins to give alkyl halides of at least 6 carbon atoms. The initial alkyl halides may be produced from olefins or alcohols, and hydrogen halide, by halogenating paraffins, or by condensing lower halides such as tert. butyl chloride with olefins, e.g. ethylene, in the presence of Friedel-Crafts' catalysts, at about -40 to 100 DEG  C., preferably -40 to -10 DEG  C. using aluminium chloride, and sufficient pressure to liquefy. Hexane may be chlorinated to n-hexyl chloride which, with isobutane according to the present process, yields branched chain hexanes and octanes.  A branched heptyl chloride with isobutane first yields a branched heptane, isobutene and hydrogen chloride. The isobutene with isobutane gives branched octanes and other paraffins.  Isobutene may also react with the hydrogen chloride to form tert.-butyl chloride which can be reacted with propene to form the initial heptyl chloride.  Friedel-Crafts' catalysts specified are aluminium chloride and bromide, zirconium, zinc and ferric chlorides and boron fluoride. They may be admixed or deposited on carriers such as alumina, silica, charcoal, porcelain, pumice, firebrick or clays.  In examples: (1) 4-chlor-2,2-dimethylbutane and isobutane are treated with aluminium chloride for 1 hr. at 20 DEG  C. followed by 3 hrs. at 40 DEG  C. to give a liquid product consisting mainly of isopentane, 2,3-dimethylbutane and higher paraffins; (2) in a similar run with isopentane at 50 DEG  C. and 50 atmos. for 4 hrs., hexanes containing 2,3-dimethylbutane and an octane fraction including chlorhexane are obtained in addition to butanes, pentanes and hexanes; (3) 4-chlor-2,2-dimethyl-pentane is added slowly to isobutane and p aluminium chloride at -10 DEG  C.  Isopentane is then added when hydrogen chloride evolution begins.  The liquid paraffinic product contains heptanes with some hexanes, octanes, nonanes and decanes; (4) propene is added to tert.-butyl chloride in isopentane at -25 DEG C. in the presence of aluminium chloride to form 4-chlor-2,2-dimethylpentane.  Hydrogen chloride evolution begins at about -13 DEG  C. as the temperature is raised to a maximum of 2 DEG C.  Hexanes, heptanes and octanes are the main products with some higher paraffins.  Similar results are obtained by autoclaving the reactants at 20 DEG  C.