Patent GB-371088-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of derivatives of oxy-fatty-acids
IPC: C11C3/00
Filed: 1931-02-16
Abstract: Dispersing agents, for use in the textile, leather and allied industries are obtained by treating, at an elevated temperature, oxyfatty acids or derivatives thereof, with sulphonated phthalic acids or anhydrides thereof, in the absence of substances having a sulphonating action, and preferably with the addition of an organic solvent.  The products, which if necessary may be sulphonated, may be used for dispersing sparingly soluble compounds, e.g. hydrocarbons and high molecular alcohols.  In examples: (1) phthalic anhydride-b -sulphonic acid is heated with castor oil in the presence of glacial acetic acid: (2) the product of example 1 is sulphonated with sulphuric acid monohydrate: (3) castor oil is condensed with phthalic anhydride-b -sulphonic acid and is sulphonated with monohydrate: (4) the same components are condensed in the presence of trichlorethylene, and then sulphonated with monohydrate.  The products may be used before or after neutralization and for the latter, alkali hydroxides or carbonates, ammonia and organic nitrogenous bases, e.g. amines, oxyamines, quaternary ammonium bases, pyridine, and hydrogenated cyclic nitrogen compounds are suitable. As derivatives of the oxyfatty acids may be used, esters, anhydrides, and polymerides. The following oxyfatty acids and their derivatives are also mentioned: ricinoleic acid, dioxystearic acid, their glycerides and derivatives obtained by removing water and the oxidation products of paraffins.  Specification 363,770 is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also the use of any sulphonated aromatic carboxylic acid or anhydride for the condensation with the oxyfatty acids or their derivatives.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Assistants for use in the textile, leather and allied industries are obtained by treating, at an elevated temperature, oxy fatty acids or derivatives thereof, with sulphonated phthalic acids or anhydrides thereof, in the absence of substances having a sulphonating action and preferably with the addition of an organic solvent.  If necessary the products may be sulphonated.  They are described as wetting, equalizing and dispersing agents and may be used in alkaline and acid dye baths, e.g. in wool dyeing, in carbonizing and mercerizing, e.g. cotton goods can be mercerized without previously being wetted if a mixture of cyclohexanol and one of the products is added to the lye, and for dispersing sparingly soluble compounds, e.g. dyestuffs, hydrocarbons and high molecular alcohols.  In examples: (1) phthalic anhydride-b -sulphonic acid, which may be made by heating the free acid in a vacuum, is heated with castor oil in the presence of glacial acetic acid; (2) the product of example 1 is sulphonated with sulphuric acid monohydrate; the products of both examples give strongly foaming solutions; (3) castor oil is condensed with phthalic anhydride-b -sulphonic acid and is sulphonated with monohydrate; (4) the same components are condensed in the presence of trichlorethylene, and then sulphonated with monohydrate: (5) cotton goods are weighted with a solution of magnesium sulphate containing a product prepared as in example 2; the same product is added to a dyebath containing Benzyl bordeaux B, sulphuric acid and Glauber's salt for dyeing woollen piece goods, a dyebath containing Acid black H.A, sulphuric acid and Glauber's salt for dyeing wool felt, a sulphuric acid carbonizing bath for woollen rags and to a mercerizing lye containing caustic soda and methylcyclohexanol. The products may be used before or after neutralization and for the latter, alkali hydroxides or carbonates, ammonia and organic nitrogenous bases, e.g. amines, oxyamines, quaternary ammonium bases, pyridine, and hydrogenated cyclic nitrogen compounds are suitable.  As derivatives of the oxy fatty acids may be used, esters, anhydrides and polymerides.  The following oxy fatty acids and their derivatives are also mentioned: ricinoleic acid, dioxystearic acid, their glycerides and derivatives obtained by removing water, and the oxidation products of paraffins.  Besides monohydrate, oleum and chlorsulphonic acid may be used for the sulphonation.  Specification 363,770 is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also the use of any sulphonated aromatic carboxylic acid or anhydride besides sulphonated phthalic acids or their anhydrides.  In an further example, phthalic anhydride-b -sulphonic acid is heated with pyridine and the product condensed with castor oil.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.