Patent GB-654387-A (GB)
Abstract: 654,387. Calculating-apparatus. DEUTSCH, F. A. Nov. 25, 1947, No. 31194. [Class 106 (i)] In an adding and subtracting machine comprising a setting mechanism, including a keyboard, and a register or totalizer, movable relative to each other in a straight line, an actuating means is coupled to each key, the keys of each denomination of the keyboard are so connected that operation of one key operates also all lower value keys of the same denomination, an additional actuating means is arranged in the lowest denomination of the keyboard, and the register wheels and actuating means may be set relative to each other in two positions for parallel lines of engagement, viz., a plus-position in which, upon operation of a key, a number of actuating means equal to the digital value of the key are brought into the plus line of engagement, and a minus-position in which a number of actuating means equal to the nines complement of the digital value of an operated key (or tens complement for the lowest denomination), remain in the minus line of engagement. In the pocket machine shown, for performing the four rules, an item is set on the keys 404, Fig. 1, and added to the register or totalizer 200 by a forward and return movement of a carriage 116, Fig. 3, which carries the register and an operations counter 300 for use in multiplication and division. Subtraction is effected by a slight transverse shift of the keyboard. The keyboard may also be moved transversely so as to align with different denominations of the register. In a modification the counter is fixed in the machine. Keyboard. The keys 404 comprise resilient strips which frictionally engage rods 406, Fig. 10, and carry projecting arms 428, Fig. 3, which cause the depression of one key to depress all the lower keys of the same denomination. Bent-over actuating lugs 426 are thus split into two lines, Fig. 10, one representing the item set up and the other its nines complement. The units rod 406 also has an actuating pin 430, Figs. 3 and 15, to give the tens complement in the first denomination. The rods 406, journalled in a frame 402, are normally held in the position shown by a spring 420, Fig. 7, acting on a connecting-bar 418 to urge a clearing lever 412 against a stop 414. If the lever 412 is rocked to engage a stop 416 all the rods 406 are rotated and the keys are aligned by stoprods 432, Fig. 10, the rods 406 being returned by the spring 420. The keyboard frame 402 is transversely slidable on bars 152, 154, Fig. 2, and is set in different denominational positions by a spring 446 on an add-subtract member 440, described below, engaging notches in and slidable on the bar 154. In a modification, the keyboard may be automatically cleared during the return movement of the carriage 116 by means of a lug 632, Figs. 26 and 30, engaging a finger 614 on a plate rotatably mounted and spring-urged against a stop 618 on a member 606 adjustable on a flattened bar 152<SP>1</SP> which replaces the bar 152. At the other side of the frame 402, the bar is connected to the rod 4061 carrying the highest order of keys by an arm 624, hook member 626 and arm 628. The lug 632 snaps over the finger 614 during the forward movement of the carriage and during the return the lug rocks the finger-plate against the stop to rock the bar 1521 and thus rock the rod 406<SP>1</SP> to restore the keys as described above. The member 606 may be slid out of the line of the lug 632 when automatic clearance is not required. Addition and subtraction. In order that either the actuating lugs 426, Fig. 10, of the depressed keys may be aligned with and thus engage projecting pins 228 on the register wheels for addition, or the lugs of the non-depressed keys may be so aligned for subtraction (by complementary addition), the keyboard frame 402, Fig. 2, is transversely adjustable between " + " and " - " stops on the member 440 and held by a spring 452 in the two positions. Nine-toothed racks 434 are secured to the frame 402 to add the nines complement to orders of the register beyond those associated with the keys 404 during subtraction. The carriage 116, Figs. 2, 3 and 15, on which the register is mounted, has wheels 114 mounted on longitudinal rails, and is connected by a cord 130 to a return-spring 136. In operation, the item to be added or subtracted is set on the keyboard, the frame 402 is adjusted in the " + " or " - " position and the carriage is reciprocated by gripping the register shaft 202 projecting through slots 118, Fig. 1, in the machine casing. Forward movement of the carriage causes the appropriate key lugs 426, Figs. 10 and 15, to engage the pins 228 to enter the item into the register (without transfers). During the return movement, in which the register is axially displaced as described below, tens transfers are effected. Totalizer. The totalizer or register numeral wheels 218, Figs. 2 and 3, frictionally engage by springs 224 a sleeve 212 having limited axial movement, due to a pin-and-slot, on the shaft 202 normally held against rotation by a spring 206. The sleeve 212 carries a downwardlvextending arm 230 which is acted on by cams 232, 234 for axial displacement of the sleeve relative to the shaft so that the pins 228 projecting from the wheels 218 have different forward and return paths when the carriage 116 is reciprocated. The wheels are aligned in their normal rest position by wires 238, 240. The register is zeroized by turning a knob 210, Figs. 1 and 2, which initially transversely displaces the shaft 202 by a cam 242 engaging a fixed abutment 244 to free the wheels from the wires 238, 240. The wheels are rotated with the shaft, due to the springs 224, until long pins 228<SP>1</SP> abut stop-lugs 506, Fig. 3, forming part of the transfer mechanism for the register. Transfer mechanism. Associated with each register wheel 218 on the carriage 116 is a pivoted transfer preparer 502, Figs. 3 and 15, including the lug 506 normally resting on a stoprod 508, an off-set arm 518 and a resetting arm 522. When, during rotation of the wheel, the long pin 228<SP>1</SP> engages the lug 506, Fig. 15, the transfer preparer is rocked so that the arm 518 rocks a bar 524 associated with the next higher wheel 218 into a position in which a pin 538 projecting therefrom lies in the return path of the pins 228 of this higher wheel. The bars 524 are secured to pivoted shafts 526 held in their adjusted positions by a sinuous spring 536, Fig. 2. The pins 538 are staggered along the different bars 524 so as to permit a consequent transfer. At the end of the return movement of the register, the resetting arms 522 engage cams 544 on the shafts 526 of the actuated bars 524 to return them to the normal ineffective position. Operations counter. A counter 300, Figs. 2, 3 and 15, mounted on the carriage 116, is similar to the register 200 and is coupled thereto by a rod 322 so that the counter wheels 318 are axially displaced with the registerwheels 218. One of the wheels 318 is rotated one step during each reciprocation of the carriage by a transparent member 330, Figs. 3 and 22, having a flange 336 mounted for limited sliding movement on the keyboard frame 402 and three actuating teeth 338, 340, 342 so spaced that one of them engages a pin 332 on a counter wheel during either the forward or the return movement of the counter whatever the relative transverse positions of the flange 336, frame 402 and the member 440. As shown in Fig. 22, the member 330 is set in the left-hand position on the frame 402 which is adjusted in the " - " position relative to the member 440, and the tooth 342 engages one of the pins 332 to add " 1 " to the counter during each forward stroke of the carriage. The counter wheels carry additional off-set pins 352 which, when the shaft 302 is rotated by the zeroizing knob 310, Fig. 2, abut teeth of a fixed comb 356. In a modification, Figs. 33-37 (not shown), the counter is fixed at the rear of the machine (top of Fig. 2) and is actuated in one or the other direction by one of two pawls on a manually set arm pivoted to a spherical member slidable along a square shaft and connected to the keyboard frame so as to partake of its transverse denomination-shifting movement. A triangular plate on the square shaft is rocked by an element projecting from the carriage during each reciprocation thereof, thus rocking the pawls, one of which is aligned with the pins on a counter wheel, to rotate this wheel in the appropriate direction. Multiplication and division. Multiplication is performed by repeated addition combined with transverse shift of the keyboard and the multiplier appears on the counter 300, the member 330 being set in the right-hand position on the frame 402, Figs. 1 and 22. Division is performed by repeated subtraction (complementary addition) and the quotient appears in the counter, the member 330 being set in its left-hand position.