Patent GB-815810-A (GB)
Title: An oil additive
Inventor: AGIUS PETER JOSEPH VERMONT JAM
IPC: F02B3/06
Filed: 1956-08-23
Abstract: Lubricating oil additives are obtained by reacting phosphorus sulphide with a mixture of a major proportion of an elastomeric olefinic hydrocarbon polymer, or depolymerised elastomeric olefinic hydrocarbon polymer, each with a Staudinger mean molecular weight above 10,000, and preferably below 20,000, and a minor proportion of a hydrocarbon plasticizer with a mean molecular weight below 350. Polymers of olefines or mixtures of olefines, preferably containing less than 10 carbon atoms, e.g. C3 to C6 mono-olefines such as isobutene, and copolymers, e.g. isobutylene with 1 to 3 per cent of isoprene, or depolymerized polymers thereof may be used.  The plasticizer may be a saturated hydrocarbon, such as technical white oil, bright stock or petroleum distillate such as gas oil or a diesel cut of boiling range 200 DEG  to 400 DEG  C., or unsaturated polymer bottoms of boiling range 200 DEG  to 270 DEG  C. and/or a mean molecular weight within the range 170 to 340, obtained during the polymerization of C2-C5 hydrocarbons in the presence of a nickel-phosphoric acid catalyst.  The phospho-sulphurized products may be used as lubricating oil additives, as such, or when neutralized or admixed at from 100 DEG  to 200 DEG  C. with Group I or II metal bases such as barium oxide or hydroxide; barium salts of petroleum sulphon ates; Group I or II metal phenates or sulphurized phenates; nitrogenous basic compounds such as guanidine; and particularly barium salts of alkyl phenol sulphides, e.g. the barium salts of alkyl phenol sulphides, e.g. di-(octyl phenol) sulphide. The lubricating oils may be animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic oils and from 0.1 to 10 weight per cent, or in concentrates up to 75 per cent, of the product may be added.  Oil-soluble barium petroleum sulphonates, conventional pour-point depressants, oxidation inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, oiliness carriers, rust preventives and anti-foam agents may also be present in the lubricating oil compositions. Specifications 586,841, 720,372 and 760,993 are referred to.ALSO:Phosphorus sulphides reacted with a mixture of a major proportion of an elastomeric olefinic hydrocarbon polymer or depolymerized elastomeric olefinic hydrocarbon polymer, each with a Staudinger means molecular weight above 10,000, and preferably below 20,000 and a minor proportion of a hydrocarbon plasticizer with a mean molecular weight below 350 yield products which may be used as lubricating oil additives.  Polymers of olefines or mixtures of olefines preferably containing less than 10 carbon atoms, e.g. C3 to C6 mono-olefines such as isobutene, and copolymers, e.g. isobutylene with 1 to 3 per cent of isoprene, may be used and are depolymerized by masticating at elevated temperature, e.g. 150-200 DEG  C. with a catalyst, e.g. 0.2 to 0.5 per cent of mercapto-benzthiazole.  The plasticizer may be a saturated hydrocarbon, such as technical white oil, bright stock or petroleum distillate such as gas oil or a diesel cut of boiling range 200 DEG to 400 DEG  C., or unsaturated polymer bottoms of boiling range 200 DEG  to 270 DEG  C. and/or a mean molecular weight within the range 170 to 340, obtained during the polymerization of C2-C5 hydrocarbons in the presence of a nickel-phosphoric acid catalyst.  The phosphorus sulphide, or mixture of sulphides, or a sulphide formed in situ by the addition of phosphorus and sulphur, phosphorus-penta sulphide is preferred, is mixed with the polymers, preferably in an amount less than 17 per cent, at elevated temperatures, e.g. 150 DEG  to 250 DEG C. under an inert gas, preferably in the presence of from 0.2 to 2 per cent of a higher aliphatic alcohol such as lauryl, myristyl, palmityl and stearyl alcohols.  In examples, depolymerized butyl rubbers with polymer bottoms, or marine diesel fuel as plasticizers are phosphorsulphurized, and the products used as lubricating oil additives as such, or when neutralized, or admixed at from 100 DEG to 200 DEG  C. with Group I or II metal bases such as barium oxide or hydroxide; barium salts of petroleum sulphonates; Group I or II metal phenates or sulphurized phenates; nitrogenous basic compounds such as guanidine and particularly barium salts of alkyl phenol sulphides, e.g. the barium salt of di-(octyl phenol) sulphide.  The product and/or neutralized product used as an additive for animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic oils in proportions of from 0.1 to 10 weight per cent, or in concentrates up to 75 per cent improves the detergent properties of the lubricant.  Specifications 586,841, [Group IV], 720,372, [Group III], and 760,993 are referred to.