baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-812893-A (GB)
Title: Continuous bleaching of cellulosic textile materials
Inventor: WHITE WILFRED ARTHUR STEPHEN
IPC: D06L4/70
Filed: 1956-10-29
Abstract: A continuous process for bleaching cellulosic textiles comprises treating the materials with hot trichlorethylene or perchloro-ethylene and flashing off entrained solvent; treating with an aqueous solution of a peroxygen compound at a pH value of at least 10 followed by steaming; and treating with a solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chlorite and finally steaming, the chlorite being activated during the steaming process.  The organic solvent may be at a temperature of 80 DEG  to 87 DEG  C. in the case of trichloroethylene or 110 DEG  to 120 DEG  C. in the case of perchloroethylene and the entrained solvent may be removed in a hot aqueous bath provided with seals on the inlet and exit orifices to reduce solvent loss.  The peroxygen compound may be sodium peroxide, sodium percarbonate or hydrogen peroxide and its solution may contain sodium silicate and an anionic or cationic wetting agent, e.g. an octylated - cresol - ethylene oxide condensate.  After steaming and rinsing, the fabric may be treated with a solution of sodium chlorite which may be acidified with acetic acid to a pH of 1.5 to 6.0 or which may contain a catalyst or a substance which becomes acidic, e.g. ethyl lactate, or tartrate, to promote bleaching in the subsequent steaming operation.  Alternatively, treatment with a sodium chlorite solution may be followed by a separate acid treatment, which may be included in the steaming process, or the material may be treated with a catalyst and then treated with the chlorite solution and finally steamed.  The catalyst may be a water-soluble salt of cobalt, nickel or manganese, or an aldehyde. The chlorite solution may be at elevated temperature and may contain a wetting agent, e.g. a sulphated fatty alcohol.  The treatment of cotton and spun rayon is mentioned, but it is stated that with linen a full white is not achieved.
Patent GB-807459-A (GB)
Title: Powder containers
IPC: B65D83/06
Filed: 1957-07-10
Abstract: 807,459. Portable containers. PLUMMER, A. July 10, 1957, No. 21837/57. Class 66. A refill for a powder container of the type having a detachable base, comprises a base 16 having an integral upstanding peripheral wall 18 and an integral upstanding peripheral lip 17 adjacent to but outwardly spaced from the wall, the lip, wall and base being moulded as one piece from a synthetic resin, the refill being adapted to be inserted into the container with the lip overlying the container-wall 11. The remainder of the container 11 is of sheet-metal and the refill may be of nylon, polythene or polyvinyl-chloride. The top of the refill may be closed before use by a tear-off cover. Specification 807,457 is referred to.
Patent GB-614729-A (GB)
Title: Improved circuit for connecting a two-wire line to wireless transmitting and receiving channels
IPC: H04B1/58
Filed: 1946-07-23
Abstract: 614,729. Radio receiving systems; valve relay circuits. PHILIPS LAMPS, Ltd. July 23, 1946, No. 21886. Convention date, March 15, 1943. [Classes 40 (v) and 40 (vi)] In a circuit for connecting a two-wire line to wireless transmitting and receiving channels of the type shown in Fig. 1, wherein blocking devices Z, O in the transmitting and receiving channels 1, 2 render those channels operative when required and the transmitting carrier wave is switched on by a relay Dr in response to a subscriber's signal over the line A, the reception of the switching click by the subscriber is prevented by arranging the changeover of the blocking devices before and after the switching on and off of the carrier wave. As shown in Fig. 3, whenever the device Z is normally blocked and the device 0 normally open, change over is effected by a predetermined p.d. across resistances R7, RIO in response to the subscriber's signal which is amplified and rectified in V1, G1, Fig. 1, to bias negatively the valve B1. Normally, the relay Dr is energized to withhold the carrier wave and a valve B2 is positively biassed by resistances R2 ... R5, the arrangement being such that valve B3 biassed by resistances R8, R9 does not pass current. When, however, a subscriber's signal is received, the normal anode current i, Fig. 4, of the valve B1 falls and at value i<1> the valve B2 is blocked to cause the valve B3 to operate and condition the devices Z, O for transmission. When the anode current of B1 falls to i<2>, relay Dr is released to switch on the carrier wave. Upon termination of the conversation, the operation is such that the carrier wave is switched off and the blocking devices switched over successively. In an alternative arrangement, the relay Dr may be energized to switch on the carrier wave.
Patent GB-802239-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to composition friction elements
IPC: F16D69/02
Filed: 1956-07-16
Abstract: A friction element, e.g. a brake shoe for a railway or other vehicle comprises an aluminium silicate filler selected from a naturally occurring or synthetic kyanite, sillimanite, andalusite, mullita, topaz, and dumortierite, dispersed throughout a binder matrix of natural or synthetic rubber.  The element may comprise up to 20 per cent by weight of cast iron particles, 10 per cent or above of comminuted aluminium silicate mineral, 20 per cent by weight of organic or carbonaceous friction material, e.g. petroleum coke, a minor proportion of finely divided lead, about 12.2 to 15 per cent of natural or synthetic rubber binder, and vulcanizing ingredients. Minor quantities of asbestos and lead sulphide may also be included. Examples are described in which the binder comprises (a) butadienestyrene copolymer, cashew nut shell liquid polymer, sulphur and accelerators, and (b) butadiene-styrene copolymer, cumene hydroperoxide as vulcanizing agent, litharge and zinc oxide.ALSO:A friction element, e.g., a brake shoe for a railway or other vehicle comprises an aluminium silicate filler selected from a naturally occurring or synthetic kyanite, sillimanite, andalusite, mullite, topaz, and dumortierite, dispersed throughout a binder matrix of natural or synthetic rubber.  The element may comprise up to 20 per cent by weight of cast iron particles, 10 per cent or above of comminuted aluminium silicate mineral, 20 per cent by weight of organic or carbonaceous friction material, e.g., petroleum coke, a minor proportion of finely divided lead, about 12,2 to 15 per cent of natural or synthetic rubber binder, and vulcanizing ingredients. Minor quantities of asbestos and lead sulphide may also be included. Examples are described in which the binder comprises (a) butadiene-styrene copolymer, cashew nut shell liquid polymer, sulphur, and vulcanization accelerators, and (b) butadiene-styrene copolymer, cumene hydroperoxide as vulcanizing agent, litharge, and zinc oxide.
Patent GB-409179-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic cameras with telemeters
IPC: G03B13/20
Filed: 1933-08-04
Abstract: 409,179. Cameras. ZEISS IKON AKT.- GES., 72, Schandauerstrasse, and KUPPENBENDER, H., 28, Reickerstrasse, both in Dresden, Germany. Aug. 4, 1933, No. 21977. [Class 98 (i).] In a camera with a telemeter 1, 2, Fig. 2 fitted within the camera a prism 6 or other reflecting means is provided behind the adjustable transparent mirror 1 of the telemeter to deflect the rays through an opening in the top of the camera. An additional mirror or prism 7, Fig. 3, may be fitted at the top of the opening for horizontal vision. The above arrangement is particularly applicable for cameras provided with a blind shutter 3, the telemeter and prism 6 being mounted in front of the blind shutter. The adjustable mirror 1 of the telemeter is operated by the camera extension links 5 when the camera is being focused.
Patent GB-149534-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for connecting motor tractors to other vehicles
IPC: B60D1/40
Filed: 1919-09-08
Abstract: 149,534. Crocker, F. Sept. 8, 1919. Couplings for tractors.-The draw-bar C of a tractor coupling is made in two parts which are pivoted together by a bolt D secured by a wing-nut E. By unscrewing the nut, the spring F withdraws a locking-pin H, mounted on the nut, from alined holes K in the two parts of the bar, so that the joint functions and facilitates manoeuvring. The locking-device may be formed as a rib and groove. The trailer ends of the drawbar may be formed as hooks P, or as slotted eyelets fitted with spring cathes.
Patent GB-706472-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the conservation of heat energy in heating, drying and other industrial processes
IPC: D21F5/02
Filed: 1949-08-25
Abstract: 706,472. Heating by circulation of steam. SPOONER, W. W. Aug. 18, 1950 [Aug. 25, 1949], No. 22086/49. Class 64(2) In an industrial process, a waste-heatsource consisting of a vapour or a gasvapour mixture is used to raise steam at a low pressure, and the pressure of that steam is then increased mechanically, e.g. by a pump or ejector. In a system for heating the drying roll 1 of a paper-making machine by steam, the mixture of vapour and warm air trapped by the hood 2 is drawn by a fan 5 into a casing 6 and is repeatedly circulated at high speed over a heat-exchange coil 7. Water flowing through the coil is vaporized, and the resultant steam is compressed in a compressor 13 and supplied through a pipe 4 to heat the roll 1. Initially, steam is supplied to the roll through the valve 3. Condensate from the drum 1 and from the casing 6 may be fed to the tube 7. The Provisional Specification refers to Specification 706,471.
Patent GB-354526-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in garment hangers
IPC: A47G25/40
Filed: 1930-07-22
Abstract: 354,526. Garment hangers. HEATH, H. F., Salisbury House, Redditch. July 22, 1930, No. 22108. [Class 52 (v).] A garment hanger comprises a pair of telescopic arms pivotally mounted on a centre piece to which the hook is attached. As shown the centre piece comprises pair of plates 2 shaped to provide a cylindrical cavity 5 for the cylindrical part of the hook and a spherical cavity 4 in which is mounted a ball-shaped end of the hook. The telescopic arms are made up of U-shaped rods 18 sliding insleeves 10 suitably shaped at 12 for attachment to the centre piece to which they are pivoted at 9. Stops 16 are provided. Envelopes 19 of braided fabric enclose the arm 8 and limit the extent of the telescopic movements.
Patent GB-813606-A (GB)
Title: Improved cationic perm-selective membranes and the process of producing them
IPC: C08J5/22
Filed: 1956-07-18
Abstract: 813,606. Paper &c. membranes for demineralization of water. SOUTH AFRICAN COUNCIL FOR SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH. July 18, 1956 [July 30, 1955], No. 22199/56. Class 96. Cationic, perm-selective membranes for electrodialytic demineralization of saline water are prepared from sheet cellulosic material, e.g.' parchmentized paper by impregnation with an aqueous solution containing a salt having a benzene ring, a phenolic hydroxyl and a nuclear sulphonate group and in which hydrogen atoms at at least two of the positions 2-, 4- or 6- to the phenolic hydroxy group are unsubstituted, together with formaldehyde and an alkali, the molar quantity of the said alkali being “ to 2 to that of the salt, the parchment paper &c. being heated and dried at at least 120‹ C. The paper &c. may also contain phenol, or a phenol which is unsubstituted at the 2-, 4- or 6-positions to its hydroxyl group. It may be pre-treated with a swelling agent before impregnation. The salt used may be an alkali metal p-cresol-#-sulphonate. Specifications 750,220, 750,238 and 813,607, [all in Group XXXVI]. are referred to.
Patent GB-517569-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hand trucks
IPC: B62B1/14
Filed: 1938-07-26
Abstract: 517,569. Hand-trucks. COTCHETT, J. G. July 26, 1938, No. 22214. [Class 108 (i)] A hand-truck comprises a U-shaped tubular frame 1 provided with a handle 7 and toeplate 6. Rubber-tyred wheels are pivoted on an axle 4 engaged in brackets 3. A movable hook 9 is slidable on the handle and the boss 8 is bored larger than the handle so that the sides of the bore grip the handle when pressure is applied to the hook. The hook may be mounted extensibly on the boss 8.
Patent GB-1495806-A (GB)
Title: Method for dispersing fine powder in water
IPC: C09K23/52
Filed: 1975-05-22
Abstract: 1495806 Aqueous dispersion KAO SOAP CO Ltd 22 May 1975 [27 May 1974] 22274/75 Heading C1A [Also in Divisions B1 and C3] A method of preparing a stable aqueous dispersion comprises dispersing a solid powder in water containing at least one dissolved dispersing agent selected from (1) hydrolysed starches, hydrolysed celluloses, and hydrolysed hemicelluloses of average molecular weight (M.W.) of 500-5000, and (2) water-soluble salts of carboxymethylated derivatives of (1) having a degree of carboxymethyl group substitution less than 3, and (3) hydrolysed products of polyuronic acids and water-soluble salts thereof having M.W. of 500-5000. The particle size of the fine powder is suitably 10<SP>-7</SP> to 2 Î 10<SP>-2</SP> cm., and may be used in from 0À005 to 400% by weight based on the weight of water, and the dispersing agent may be present at 0À005 to 80% by weight based on wt. of water. The dispersing agents (1) to (3) exhibit excellent dispersing activity to various kinds of fine powders and have excellent biodegradability. Specified inorganic dispersed powders include flowers of zinc, red iron oxide, calcium or magnesium carbonate, titanium white, aluminium hydroxide, chrome yellow, cement clay, silver halides.
Patent GB-225304-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in folding mechanism for printing presses and the like
IPC: B65H45/16
Filed: 1923-09-04
Abstract: 225,304. Marks, E. C. R., (Goss Printing Press Co.). Sept. 4, 1923. Folding paper. - In folding-mechanism for printing-presses and the like of the type in which the sheets to be folded are carried on the periphery of a rotary folding-member which also carries a movable or rotary tucker blade cooperating with a pair of rotating folding-rollers, each of the folding-rollers is provided with an adjusting-mechanism operable to adjust symmetrically the rollers with respect to the striking point of the tucker blade. The folding-rollers 42, Figs. 1 and 3, are resiliently mounted by means of hubs 43 fixed to spring-pressed rods 48 movable in cylinders 45. Wedges 52 and lock-nuts 54 are mounted on the ends of the rods 48, the wedges being neceived on a threaded rod 57 which is rotated by a hand-wheel 71, Fig. 1, through bevel gearing, thus forcing the wedges in or out and so advancing or withdrawing the folding-rollers 42 to accommodate papers of different thickness. The spring pressure on the rollers is varied by screwing the lock-nuts in or out. The folding-blades 16, Fig. 6, are mounted in a body 14 on a shaft 12 journaled in the folding cylinder 1. The blades may be interchangeable with other blades or may be radially adjustable. The blades are rotated by a head 20 on the blade shaft 12 having outwardly projecting pins or rollers 21, 23 co-operating with a fixed ring 32 on the machine frame with slotted disccam 23, which is preferably integral with a gear wheel 27 driven by a gear wheel 31 on the shaft of the cylinder 1.
Patent GB-494985-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the purification of alcohols
IPC: C07C29/74
Filed: 1937-08-13
Abstract: Pure alcohols are obtained from aqueous solutions or mixtures of aliphatic alcohols containing carbonyl compounds as impurities by treating them with primary amines in the liquid phase under increased pressure at a temperature lying appreciably above the boiling point of the alcohols to be purified.  Isohexylamine, isoheptylamine, isooctylamine and dodecylamine may be used and the alcohol and amine may be introduced continuously.  Examples are given of the production of pure methyl and propyl alcohols from the crude products obtained synthetically from carbon monoxide, but other alcohols such as isopropyl and isobutyl alcohols may also be purified by this process.
Patent GB-812526-A (GB)
Title: Durene dialdehyde and its preparation
Inventor: MIKESKA LOUIS ALOIS
IPC: C07C45/29
Filed: 1957-07-15
Abstract: Aldehydes are prepared by heating a hydroxymethyl aromatic compound with a molal excess of a nitroaromatic compound.  The aromatic hydroxymethyl compound is either a benzene derivative bearing 1 or 2 hydroxy-methyl substituents where any or all of the remaining hydrogen may be substituted by alkyl groups containing up to 20 carbon atoms or naphthalene or anthracene derivatives having respectively 1 to 7 and 1 to 9 alkyl substituents of up to 20 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 hydroxymethyl substituents.  Suitable alcohols include benzyl alcohol, bis-hydroxymethyl benzenes, p - bis - hydroxymethyl - p - xylene, bis - hydroxy - methyl durene, bis - hydroxymethyl isodurene and alkylated a -hydroxymethyl naphthalenes. The oxidant maybe, for example, nitrobenzene, nitrotoluene, nitroxylene or nitronaphthalene and the oxidation is preferably carried out using 1.1 to 2.0 mols. of nitro compound per mol. of alcohol in the presence of 0.1 to 0.5 mols. of a basic catalyst, e.g. sodium or potassium hydroxide and 2 to 4 vols. per vol. of reaction mixture of an inert, water-immiscible entrainer having a b.p. between 50 DEG  and 150 DEG  C., e.g. xylene, toluene, benzene or saturated naphtha.  The oxidation is preferably carried out at reflux between 100 DEG  and 300 DEG  C. and the product isolated by distillation, fractional crystallization or conversion to a derivative such as an oxime or hydrazone and thus removed from the residue which may contain when, for example, nitrobenzene has been used, aniline and azobenzene as well as carboxylic acids.  In the examples, in which the novel tetramethyl terephthalaldehyde, which forms an additional feature of the invention, is prepared, bis-hydroxymethyl durene is oxidized with nitrobenzene (a) in the presence of sodium hydroxide and xylene at 145-8 DEG  C., and (b) in the presence of sodium hydroxide and toluene at 115-6 DEG  C.  The starting material is prepared by hydrolysing bis-(chloromethyl) durene with sodium acetate in acetic acid to give the diacetate followed by treatment with ethanolic potassium hydroxide and then hydrochloric acid.
Patent GB-604710-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical selector switch devices
IPC: H01P1/12
Filed: 1945-11-30
Abstract: 604,710. Press-button retractive switches; mechanical switches, without quick-action. SPERRY GYROSCOPE CO., Inc. Nov. 30, 1945, No. 32386. Convention date, Nov. 30, 1944. [Class 38 (v)] One of a number of coaxial cables 24 may be selected for connection to a common terminal 23 by rotating a member 26 of similar form to the cable, so that a branch connector portion 32, 33 thereon may be pushed into contact with the selected cable, the member 26 being in continuous contact with the terminal 23 at 36, 37. The inner conductor 31 of the main connector portion is secured by a bushing 61 which, if made of conductive material, should be separated from the point 62 by a distance of an odd integral number of quarter-wavelengths of the high-frequency current carried. The member 26 carries an indexing plate 41 co-operating with a member 46 for correct positioning and a pointer 28 co-operates with a scale 48. In Figs. 5-8 (not shown), the rotary portion has one or more members which shield the unselected cables and it may be spring-urged into contact with the fixed terminals. The switch of this invention may be combined with a known low-frequency rotary selector switch, and the conductors of the unselected cables may be short-circuited by plugs carried by the rotary portion 26, Figs. 9-11 (not shown). In Figs. 12, 13 (not shown), there is no common terminal, but the rotary member carries one or more cable portions, each of which may interconnect two selected cable terminals.
Patent GB-1479315-A (GB)
Title: Air-cushion vehicles
IPC: B60V1/00
Filed: 1975-05-20
Abstract: 1479315 Air cushion vehicles M F PEISSEL 20 May 1975 [20 May 1974] 22426/74 Heading B7K An air cushion vehicle having a flexible floor 12 and a looped inflatable skirt 13 enclosing a cushion plenum chamber 14 has a power and control unit comprising a base structure 16 secured by straps to the vehicle body, the base carrying a duct 17 enclosing a fan 18 driven through a centrifugal clutch 29 and a flexible coupling 30 and a belt drive 31-33 from an engine 20 mounted on the base structure. A seat 39 is mounted on the base structure and a control column 40 is mounted forward of the seat, the control column operating cables 27a, 27b to adjust control vanes 24 which may close the outlet from fan duct 17 or angularly divert the propulsion airflow to give directional control to the vehicle. Part of the air flow through duct 17 is directed by a pairing 34 to outlets 21, 22 which respectively supply air to inflate skirt 13 and maintain the cushion in chamber 14. The control column comprises a square section tube to which is pivoted on a transverse axis a lever 45 carrying a shaft 46 mounting on engine throttle twist grip 47. Lugs 50 guide a rod 49 connected to lever 45 and to a pair of links 52, 53 respectively connected to levers 54, 55 having a common fixed pivot 56 and respectively connected to cables 27a, 27b. Rocking of the column transversely about a mounting shaft 42 achieves differential movement of the vanes 24 and fore-and-aft movement of lever 45 about said transverse axis moves all vanes simultaneously to close the outlet from the fan duct.
Patent GB-916977-A (GB)
Title: Panelled wall construction
IPC: E04F13/14
Filed: 1959-06-30
Abstract: 916,977. Facing panels. BRAAS & CO. G.m.b.H. June 30, 1959 [Feb. 14, 1959], No. 22430/59. Class 87 (1). Facing panels 1, 9 provided with doublestepped rabbeted edges 5 and recessed at 2 on the rear face are secured to a wall by bolts 12. The joints between adjacent panels are free of adhesive.
Patent GB-389723-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in mechanical translators for printing telegraphs or the like
IPC: H04L17/18
Filed: 1932-08-10
Abstract: 389,723. Type-printing telegraphy. SIEMENS & HALSKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. Aug. 10, 1932, No. 22440. Convention date, Aug. 27, 1931. Addition to 309,129, [Class 40 (iii), Telegraphs, Electric]. [Class 40 (iii).] The parent Specification described a receiving arrangement in which a single-line magnet controlled in sequence separate armatures equal in number to that of the selecting impulses of a signal combination. According to the present invention, an armature plate of soft iron is provided between the armatures and the polepiece of the electromagnet. The armature plate 3 of soft iron is attached to a pivoted lever 12 biased by a spring 5 to move the steel armatures 2 away from the electromagnet 1 in the de-energized condition. In operation the armatures 2 are moved upwardly by a rod 9 at the end of a signal and retained by energization of the magnet 1, the selector members 6 moving to the right under the action of springs 8. At the beginning of a signal the armatures 2 drop and a cam shaft is set into rotation. Angularly spaced cams 7 sequentially move the bars 6 to the left, and in accordance with the energization or de-energization of the electromagnet 1 when the arm of the bar 6 drops from the high portion of its associated cam, the selector bar 6 moves to its normal position under the action of its spring 8 or is latched by a projection underneath the armature 2.