Patent GB-212009-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to railway vehicle braking systems
IPC: B60T8/18
Filed: 1922-12-20
Abstract: 212,009. Glascodine, R. T., Mc- Dermid, W. F., and Spencer, A. Dec. 20, 1922. Fluid-pressure.-In an automatic pressurebrake system wherein simultaneous application and release of the brakes throughout a train is secured by the provision of valve devices between the train pipe and each triple valve, the valves for delaying the movement of the triple valves to application position at the front end of the train are of special construction and have incorporated with them local venting-valves for further exhausting the train pipe when the reduction of pressure therein during application is rapid, whilst the valves for securing simultaneous release control the triple valve exhaust opening. The application control valve, Fig. 3, comprises a piston or diaphragm 10 subject on its upper face to the pressure of a control spring 13 and to the iull train pipe pressure through the chamber C, passages a, b<1>, and chamber E, and subject on its underside to the pressure of air flowing from tlie triple. valve, through the passages H, j, h, g, and an opening f that is varied in such a manner that when the air is flowing it maintains on its side of the piston a pressure in excess of that in the train pipe by an amount determined by the spring 13, the piston having formed in it openings d, e of constant area, so that during normal braking the quantity of air passing through it in unit time is constant. Under running conditions the piston is held in the mid-position shown by a spring 19 held in a retainer 20, but when the train pipe pressure is reduced to apply the brakes, the piston is raised by the excess of pressure on its underside to constrict the opening f, and the constriction being greatest for those valves near the front end of the train, where the pressure reduction is most rapid, the movement of those triple valves to application position is delayed. If the reduction of pressure is sufficiently rapid, the piston 10 engages the underside of a nut 14 on the valve stem 17, thus partly closing the ports d, with the result that the accumulation of pressure on the underside of the piston raises the stem 17 against the pressure of a spring 16 to open a soft-seat valve 17a, whereby air from the train pipe exhausts to atmosphere or the brake cylinder by the passages B<1>, a<1>, c<1> and s. When the train pipe pressure is raised to release the brakes, the piston is depressed against the pressure of the spring 19, so tha.t the passage f is unimpeded, and the triple valves are immediately moved to their release position in the usual way. The release control valve shown in Fig. 3 comprises a piston R located in the chamber c provided with a stem 24 controlling a slide valve 25, the piston being subject to train pipe pressure on either side, since train pipe air passes through the chamber c by the passages B, a, a<1> and B<1>. When the train pipe pressure is steadv the piston is held in the position shown by a spring 32 engaging locating-pieces 29, 30, and the triple valve exhaust from the brake cylinder is open to atmosphere through the ports J - - R, but any appreciable movement of air in the train pipe moves the piston one way or the other to cause the slide valve to close the exhaust port Q. This action does not affect the brake application, but during release the exhaust of air from the brake cylinders at the front end of the train will be delayed, since the flow of air in the train pipe will be greatest near that end. A modification of the release control valve, shown in Fig. 4, comprises a pivoted vane 34 mounted to rock on a hollow trunnion pin 35, communication between the triple valve exhaust and atmosphere being normally established through a passage J, a port in the pin 35, a port M and further ports in the boss of the vane, a second port in the pin 35, and ports in the valve casing. A spring member 40 tends to hold the vane in the normal position shown, but movement of air in the train pipe rocks the vane on its bearing to close the triple valve exhaust by throwing ports in the pin 35 and the boss of the vane out of register. In another form of the release control valve. Fig. 7, train pipe air passes through the valve casing 2 through the passages A, B, B<1>, A<1> by raising a piston 8, the upper side of which is freely connected to the train pipe through a non-return valve 49. The triple valve exhaust is connected to atmosphere through the passages I, K - - R, so that the raising of the piston 8 by movement of air in the train pipe closes the port P in the valve stem 51 until the pressures on each side of the piston equalize through the port 53, when a soft-seat valve 54 seats on the sleeve 50 to prevent leakage from the train pipe. Passages a, a<1>, b lead to the application control valve, which is made as a separate fitting. Figs. 9-11 show a similar form of release valve, also rovided with a piston 8, and connected at 45 to the application control valve. In this form, a through passage is provided between the ports A, A<1> through outwardly-flared sleeves 54, which are spaced apart to leave an opening 56 communicating through a passage 57 and non-return valve 58 with the upper side. of the piston 8. Air from the train pipe can also pass to the underside of the piston through twin ports 59 of the form shown, and passages 60, 61. the ports 59 also communicating with the passage 45. The triple alve exhaust I is now connected directly with the passage M, Fig. 7. Movement of air in the train pipe exhausts air from above the piston through the valve 58, the subsequent action of the piston being similar to that of the piston shown in Fig. 7.