baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent RU-2011283-C1 (RU)
Title: Voltage converter
Inventor: SERGEEV BORIS S
IPC: H02M7/538
Filed: 1991-04-08
Granted: 1994-04-15
Abstract: FIELD: current conversion. SUBSTANCE: converter has IGFE transistor 1, whose drain circuit is connected to load 2. Differential transformer 11 provides an accelerated supply of voltage to the gate of IGFE transistor 1 that neutralizes the negative Miller effect conditioned by the drain-to-gate capacitance. At the instant of cutoff of IGFE transistor 1 the edge of the drain-to-source voltage pulse via resistor 9 is applied to primary winding 10 of differential transformed 11 and further, via resistor 8 it is applied to the gate of IGFE transistor 1 accelerating its cutoff. As soon as IGFE transistor 1 is triggered, magnetizing current of transformer 11 phase through the conducting IGFE and through diode 5 which cause application of positive voltage to the gate of IGFE transistor 1 supplied via diode 7. Thus, the voltage across the gate of IGFE transistor 1 is boosted at the instants of switching of its drain-to-source voltage circuit and the effect of the drain-to-gate junction capacitance gets neutralized. EFFECT: facilitated procedure. 3 cl, 1 dwg
Patent RU-2010060-C1 (RU)
Title: Rod for forming nap relief fabric
Inventor: GULEV NIKOLAJ T
IPC: D04H18/02
Filed: 1991-04-22
Granted: 1994-03-30
Abstract: FIELD: textile engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has a rod with a chute. A blunting with a platform surface roughness equal to 7-8 surface finish class is located in the lower working part of the rod. EFFECT: improved structure. 5 dwg
Patent RU-2027823-C1 (RU)
Inventor: VYRKO NIKOLAJ PAVLOVICH
IPC: E01C5/00
Filed: 1991-05-12
Granted: 1995-01-27
Abstract: Использование: при строительстве временных дорог. По способу монтаж осуществляют путем последовательного заведения кольца каждой последующей боковины под кольцо предыдущей боковины до упора наружных кромок смежных боковин одна в другую и во внутреннюю кромку кольца средней боковины. Соединение производят пропусканием продольной гибкой связи между заведенными кольцами смежных боковин. 2 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.
Patent RU-2001046-C1 (RU)
Inventor: TSAJLINGOLD VLADIMIR L
IPC: C08F220/44
Filed: 1991-06-10
Granted: 1993-10-15
Abstract: Сополимер бутилакрипата. акрилонитрила и  монометакрилата этипенгликол  общей формулы  ННСНз (CH2-i-)n(-CH2-i-)m(-CH2-i-)Ki С 0ONC 0 V-CЧ0-СН -СН -ОН где п - 55 - 72%, m - 20 - 30%. К - 8 - 15%, со  среднечисленной мопм 10000 - 80000. в качестве  полимерного св зующего дл  рабочих слоев магнитных  носителей информации 2 табл.
Patent RU-2039526-C1 (RU)
Title: Способ оперативного доступа к подвисочной ямке
Inventor: MATYAKIN EVGENIJ G
IPC: A61B17/00
Filed: 1991-06-07
Granted: 1995-07-20
Abstract: Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к онкологии. Цель изобретения обеспечение абластичности операции. Сущность предложения состоит в том, что после кожного разреза осуществляют субтотальную резекцию околоушной железы с сохранением основного ствола и ветвей лицевого нерва, резецируют скуловую кость с отсечением жевательной мышцы от угла нижней челюсти, а венечный отросток резецируют с височной мышцей. Преимущество предложения в улучшении функциональных результатов.
Patent RU-2019099-C1 (RU)
Title: Device for measuring soil humidity
Inventor: UNGURYANU FEDOR V
IPC: A01G25/16
Filed: 1991-06-21
Granted: 1994-09-15
Abstract: FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: device for measuring soil humidity has detector unit 1, which is formed by osmotic pressure detector 2, capillary pressure detector 3 and soil solution temperature transducer 4, communication units 5, 6, units 7, 8 and 9 of converting signals of osmotic, capillary pressure and temperature correspondingly, temperature correction units 10, 11, osmotic pressure compensation unit 12 and signal indication unit 15. Osmotic pressure detector 2 has case 14 made in form of connection made of dielectric material, put onto ceramic capsule 16. One end of the connection, which is disposed inside capsule 16, is closed by non-deformed osmotic membrane 15, which is water permeable and non-permeable for ions of salts of soil solution. The other end of the connection is connected with signal transforming unit by means of communication unit 5. Side vertical hole is made in case of the connection. This hole is communicated with its one end of the hole is connected with signal transforming unit 9 through communication unit 6. Temperature transducer is placed in space of ceramic capsule 16; the transducer has to be temperature-sensitive resistor 17. Communication unit 6 has bellows 18. EFFECT: improved precision; improved convenience of application. 2 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl
Patent RU-2037974-C1 (RU)
Title: Устройство автоматической регулировки контрастности видеосигнала
Inventor: VIRYUTIN VIKTOR D
IPC: H04N5/20
Filed: 1991-06-24
Granted: 1995-06-19
Abstract: Использование: в телевизионной технике при приеме малоконтрастных изображений. Цель изобретения - повышение быстродействия. Сущность изобретения: устройство для автоматического регулирования контрастности видеосигнала содержит блок 1 регулирования амплитуды видеосигнала, блок 2 смещения уровня, источник 3 опорных напряжений, первый, второй компараторы 4, 5, элементы И 6, 7, первый, второй RS-триггеры 8, 9, вычислитель 10, первый, второй счетчики 11, 12, генератор импульсов 13, первый, второй цифроаналоговые преобразователи 14, 15, блок 16 формирования импульсов стробирования. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил., 1 табл.
Patent RU-2022729-C1 (RU)
Inventor: GOLEMBIEVSKIJ ANATOLIJ I
IPC: B23F5/12
Filed: 1991-06-28
Granted: 1994-11-15
Abstract: Использование: для повышения точности обрабатываемых колес. Сущность изобретения. Станок содержит ротор 5, несущий инструментальные суппорты 13, в которых смонтированы шпиндели 14 с индивидуальными приводами и круговые столы 8, несущие делительные столы 11. Функциональные связи между исполнительными органами осуществляются посредством устройства для синхронизации. Это устройство содержит каналы синхронизации ротор 5 - круговые столы 8, в количестве, равном количеству круговых столов, каналы синхронизации шпиндели 14 - круговые столы 8 и шпиндели 14 - делительные столы 11, в количестве, равном количеству функционально связанных пар шпиндель - круговой стол, шпиндель - делительный стол, три общих импульсно-аналоговых преобразователя (ИАП). Каналы синхронизации ротор - круговые столы содержат импульсный измерительный преобразователь (ИИП) 18, установленный на роторе и соединенный со счетчиком, выход которого через блок элементов И/ИЛИ соединен с первыми входами первого блока фазовых дискриминаторов (ФД), вторые входы которого соединены с выходами первого блока счетчиков, соединенного с ИИП 25, установленными на продольных столах. Каналы синхронизации шпиндели - круговые столы содержат ИИП 37, установленные на шпинделях 14 и соединенные с вторым блоком счетчиков, выходы которого через блок элементов И/ИЛИ соединены с первыми входами первого блока ФД, каналы синхронизации шпиндели - делительные столы содержат ИИП 40, установленные на делительных столах 11 и соединенные с блоком счетчиков, выходы которого соединены с первыми входами второго блока ФД. Каналы коррекции приводов шпинделей 14 содержат генератор эталонного сигнала (ГС), соединенный со счетчиком, выход которого соединен с третьим блоком ФД. Вторые входы этого блока ФД соединены с вторым блоком счетчиков, а выходы через блок ИАП - с вторыми входами блока СУ. На роторе установлены путевые переключатели 56, выходы которых соединены с первыми входами блока триггеров. 6 ил.
Patent RU-2021353-C1 (RU)
Title: Method and device for cultivation of microorganisms
Inventor: LOSEV GENNADIJ E
IPC: C12N5/00
Filed: 1991-06-26
Granted: 1994-10-15
Abstract: FIELD: medical industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves growing microorganisms in water-mineral medium circulating between two zones for introducing nutrient gas and providing consumption of introduced gases by microorganisms. Nutrient gas is introduced through surface of diffusion membrane, with gas feed rate being regulated in accordance with microorganism growth rate by varying partial pressure of each nutrient gas. Gases may be introduced separately through surfaces of a set of membranes. Device has growing plant and gas transfer unit, which has groups of parallel membrane-type hydroponic membrane, with rows of cavities communicated with nutrient gas source being formed between rows of hydrophone members. Gas transfer unit may be formed by at least two parallel groups of tubular member-type members, with gas cavities of tubular members in each group being connected with separate nutrient gas source. EFFECT: increased efficiency. 7 cl, 3 dwg
Patent RU-2057453-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for phase separation of black or green tea without adding chemicals
Inventor: ENDRYU DZHEJMS DIKS
IPC: A23F3/20
Filed: 1991-07-02
Granted: 1996-04-10
Abstract: Tea extract is separated into a lighter coloured and a darker coloured phase by changing the natural self-separating capacity of the tea extract by concentrating the extract to 6-45 wt%, preferably 12-30 wt% solids, cooling the concentrate below 5 DEG C and isolating the separated phases. The lighter coloured phase is used in preparing clear cold-water soluble tea, reduced caffeine tea, isotonic tea. The darker coloured phase may be used to prepare hot-water soluble instant tea, colouring agent, antioxidant or tea flavouring agent.
Patent RU-2004456-C1 (RU)
Inventor: GOLYNYA VLADIMIR K
IPC: B42F13/06
Filed: 1991-10-09
Granted: 1993-12-15
Abstract: Сущноаь изобретени : изобретете позвол ет улучшить пользование скоросшивателем за счет выполнени  на прижимной планке дополнительных отверстий. Они нанос тс  на планке по обе стороны от ее продольной оси симметрии под некоторым  углом к ней. Все отверсти  по диаметру выполн ютс  меньшими, чем ширина скрепл ющего элемента  что. нар ду с продеванием концов скрепл ющего  элемента через несколько отверстий, увеличивает  эффект совместного удержани  прижимной  планки и скрепл ющего элемента в процессе эксплуатации  скоросшивател  3 злф-лы. 1 ил.
Patent RU-2049522-C1 (RU)
Inventor: LESHCHENKO GALINA S
IPC: B01D29/72
Filed: 1991-11-25
Granted: 1995-12-10
Abstract: FIELD: filtering engineering. SUBSTANCE: preliminarily medium oscillations are excited in the flow to be filtered, forming a plane standing wave at the frequency of the lowest mode of lateral oscillations. A plate is installed in the filter inlet pipe, the front edge of the plate is rigidly secured, and the back edge is located at distance l=(0.35-0.45)d(where d is the inlet pipe diameter) from the inlet pipe outlet section, and the plate dimensions are determined by the relations given in the description. Filter element is located at distance L=(1.4-1.7)d from the pipe outlet section. EFFECT: facilitated procedure. 2 cl, 2 dwg
Patent RU-2002587-C1 (RU)
Inventor: KULINSKIJ ANATOLIJ I
IPC: B22F9/06
Filed: 1991-11-21
Granted: 1993-11-15
Abstract: Сущность изобретени : способ заключаетс  в  получении металлических гранул путем пропускани   расплавленного металла через отверсти  при перепаде  давлений и последующем охлаждении. Причем  пропускание металла и начальную стадию охлаждени  провод т в посто нном магнитном поле в атмосфере воздуха, а перепад давлений обеспечивают  знакопеременной электромагнитной силой, создающей  в металле электромагнитное давление,  превышающее по величине алгебраическую сумму  других составл ющих давлени  При получении  гранул из металлов, не создающих на своей поверхности  сплошной оксидной пленки, напр женность  магнитного пол  в момент пропускани  металла  поддерживают выше 1.6x105 А/м, а стадии  охлаждени  - выше напр женности магнитного пол  Земли или других внешних источников Способ  позвол ет получать в атмосфере воздуха моногранулы  (гранулы равной массы и величины) различных  металлов, в том числе таких, как магний, натрий,  алюминий, свинец и др
Patent RU-2031327-C1 (RU)
Title: Absorption refrigerating plant
Inventor: YABLOKOV VLADIMIR DEMYANOVICH
IPC: F25B9/02
Filed: 1991-07-03
Granted: 1995-03-20
Abstract: FIELD: refrigerating engineering. SUBSTANCE: plant has evaporator 1, absorber 2, pump 3 and steam generator which is made in form of vortex pipe 4; all the units of the plant are mounted in sequence. Tangential input of pipe 4 is connected with output pipe-line of pump 3. Output of cool stream of pipe 4 is connected with evaporator 1, hot stream output of pipe 4 is connected with absorber 2. EFFECT: improved efficiency. 1 dwg
Patent RU-2039011-C1 (RU)
Title: Method of arsenic extraction from solutions
Inventor: ONORIN STANISLAV A
IPC: B01J20/06
Filed: 1991-12-29
Granted: 1995-07-09
Abstract: FIELD: chemical technology. SUBSTANCE: method involves contacting solution to be refined with sorbent which granulated with binder titanium hydroxide calcined at phosphate ion-exchange form at the molar ratio P (V) Ti (IV) in the solid phase (0.7-1.4):1, mainly at dynamic regime, at solution filtration rate through column 2-4 specific volume/h following desorption of ions As (III) with solution H 2 SO 4  at concentration 150-300 g/l at 40-60 C, and that of ions As (V) with solution H 2 SO 4  at concentration 25-50 g/l with addition of Na 2 CO 3  or Na 2 S 2 O 5  at concentration 0.5-1.0 mole/l at 60-80 C and arsenic conversion to the solid phase by treatment of acid eluates with calcium polysulfide solution at concentration 45-55 g/l. EFFECT: high degree of arsenic extraction, minimal sorbent and product loss, absence of washing sewage. 5 cl, 2 tbl
Patent RU-2029833-C1 (RU)
Title: Wall enclosure
Inventor: VORONOV VITALIJ G
IPC: E04C2/10
Filed: 1991-11-14
Granted: 1995-02-27
Abstract: FIELD: civil engineering. SUBSTANCE: preliminary treated with aqueous solution of water glass and potassium chloride waste round logs of 40 to 110 mm diameter are used as cylindrical members in wall enclosure. EFFECT: low cost enclosure. 2 dwg
Patent RU-2051768-C1 (RU)
Title: Способ производства слитков
Inventor: APTEKAR NYUTON MOISEEVICH
IPC: B22D7/00
Filed: 1992-02-06
Granted: 1996-01-10
Abstract: Использование: в черной металлургии, в частности в сталеплавильном производстве и совершенствует способ отливки слитков в изложницы. Сущность изобретения: в подготовленную к разливке изложницу устанавливают эксцентрично ее вертикальной оси металлический стержень. После заливки изложницы металлом по оси изложницы стержень перемещают до совпадения с ее вертикальной осью, затем производят выдержку металла для кристаллизации и передачу слитка под нагрев и последующую прокатку.
Patent RU-2035352-C1 (RU)
Title: Device for measuring angle of list or trim of watercraft in case of motions
Inventor: ALEKSEEV SERGEJ V
IPC: B63B39/14
Filed: 1992-04-23
Granted: 1995-05-20
Abstract: FIELD: shipbuilding. SUBSTANCE: device for measuring the angle of list or trim of watercraft under conditions of motions consists of vessels 1 and 2 which are brought in communication through throttle valve 3, angle sensor 4 whose shaft 5 is rigidly connected via rocker arm 6 with floats 7 and 8 located inside vessels 1 and 2 and rocker arm 9 mounted on shaft 5 of angle sensor 4. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 1 dwg
Patent RU-2062078-C1 (RU)
Title: Device for training eyes
Inventor: KAVERINSKIJ NIKOLAJ S
IPC: A61F9/00
Filed: 1992-05-22
Granted: 1996-06-20
Abstract: FIELD: medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device is adjustable with respect to eyes, coupled with eyes, fixable on the head, settable in motion by moving head, enables a person to see in direct and reflected vision, includes monohedral and/or polyhedral uncontrollable and/or controllable planes and/or curvilinear reflecting mirror surfaces for viewing images reflected once or many times. The reflecting mirror surfaces are manufactured as direct coating over the load bearing structure of the device or are mounted on the structure. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment. 2 dwg
Patent RU-2073585-C1 (RU)
Title: Method and apparatus for continuous casting of small-section bimetallic billets
Inventor: CHEREPANOV ANATOLIJ N
IPC: B22D11/00
Filed: 1992-06-25
Granted: 1997-02-20
Abstract: FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: method involves continuous pouring of two different metals 8 and 9 into crystallizer with movable belts by joining conjugated faces of ingots in semiphase state along pouring boundary. Apparatus has intermediate ladle 1 with separating wall 2. Ladle bottom has opening with forming head 3 and shield 4 connected with dividing wall 5 inserted into working cavity of crystallizer, which is defined by two endless belts 6. Upper part of shield 4 is connected with movable stem 7 providing displacement of shield 4 and dividing wall 5 in vertical plane. Thermocouple 10 is calked in lower end of dividing wall 5. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified construction and improved quality of bimetallic billet. 4 cl, 1 dwg
Patent RU-2072369-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for production of copolyamides
Inventor: VOSKRESENSKAYA IRINA A
IPC: C08G69/16
Filed: 1992-05-28
Granted: 1997-01-27
Abstract: FIELD: production of synthetic copolymers. SUBSTANCE: method is carried out by two-stepped high temperature copolymerization of mixture of ε-caprolactam (its quantity being 0.1-70 mass parts) with lauryl lactam (its quantity being 0.1-60 mass parts) and with ground wastes of nylon production (their quantity being 20-80 mass parts). Relative viscosity of mentioned above nylon being prepared on the base of polyhexamethylene adipamide is 2.0-2.75 at 20 C in sulfuric acid. The first step of copolymerization is carried out at 240-290 C and at pressure 1-20 atm, the second step takes place at 250-280 C and at pressure 0.001-1 atm. EFFECT: improves efficiency of the method.
Patent RU-2047249-C1 (RU)
Inventor: GVOZDEV VASILIJ I
IPC: H01Q1/38
Filed: 1992-06-26
Granted: 1995-10-27
Abstract: Использование: в приемно-передающих устройствах. Сущность изобретения: в антенне, содержащей дисковую диэлектрическую подложку с двумя слоями металлизации на обеих сторонах, выполненных в виде аксиально-симметричных участков, участки каждого слоя выполнены в виде десяти секторов с угловым размером 12 град. При этом боковые кромки смежных секторов может быть соединены металлическими перемычками, а гальваническое соединение секторов с кольцевыми проводниками может быть выполнено с помощью активных полупроводниковых элементов. 2 з. п. ф-лы, 1 ил.
Patent RU-2033317-C1 (RU)
Title: Vertical routing machine
Inventor: TREFILOV VLADIMIR F
IPC: B27C5/02
Filed: 1992-07-24
Granted: 1995-04-20
Abstract: FIELD: wood processing industry. SUBSTANCE: machine has a bed, mill, mill drive, routing device, frame, unit for movement on the X coordinate with a drive, unit for movement on the Y coordinate with a drive, device for the working part to be placed on, unit for moving this device on the Z coordinate, device for holding the device, holding gadget for securing the template with the part to be treated, and gripper for the routing device. EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency. 5 cl, 5 dwg
Patent RU-2027125-C1 (RU)
Title: Vapor-compression refrigerating plant with throttle valve regulator of cooling agent flow rate
Inventor: CHERKASOV ILYA A
IPC: F25B41/37
Filed: 1992-08-27
Granted: 1995-01-20
Abstract: FIELD: refrigerating engineering. SUBSTANCE: refrigerating plant consists of main capillary tube, additional capillary tube 2, heat exchanger 3, low-capacity electric heater 4, control unit 5, resistance thermometers 6 and 7, evaporator 8, condenser 9 and compressor 10. Main capillary tube made in form of coil and connecting evaporator 8 with condenser 9 is used as one chamber of heat exchanger 3; other chamber of this heat exchanger is connected to the loop between outlet of additional capillary tube 2 and suction line of compressor 10. Inlet of additional capillary tube 2 is connected with outlet of condenser 9 and additional capillary tube 2 is mounted in thermal contact with electric heater 4. Under steady-state operating conditions, magnitude of vapor over heat at the outlet of evaporator 8 measured by means of resistance thermometers 6 and 7 coincides with preset value. In case of change in the operating conditions, control unit 5, gives signal for changing power of heater 4 by the difference of boiling point and steam temperature at outlet of evaporator 8, thus changing resistance of additional capillary tube 2 and supply of cooling agent to evaporating chamber of heat exchanger 3. Change in amount of cooling agent fed to evaporating chamber cause change in cooling of main flow throttled in main capillary tube and consequently change in flow rate in the cycle; as a result, normal filling of evaporator 8 is restored (preset magnitude of steam superheat). At maximum magnitude of condensing pressure, main capillary tube 1 fully ensures normal filling of evaporator 8 with cooling agent. In this mode of operation, electric heater 4 ensures complete locking of additional capillary tube 2 with steam plug. When maximum flow rate of cooling agent is required in the cycle, heater 4 is switched off. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 cl, 4 dwg
Patent RU-2085627-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for drying of silkworm cocoons
Inventor: KUZNETSOV SERGEJ G
IPC: D01B7/02
Filed: 1992-07-08
Granted: 1997-07-27
Abstract: FIELD: sericulture. SUBSTANCE: method involves blowing silkworm cocoons with drying agent and exposing to pulsed microwave field with intensity of 5-10 kV/cm at pulse duration of 3.10 10 -6  - 7.10 10 -6  sec and pulse frequency of 10-260 Hz. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified method and improved quality of material. 3 tbl
Patent DE-19512013-C1 (DE)
Title: Self-adhesive bandage to support and partly fix elbow joint
Inventor: STAUDINGER PETER
IPC: A61F5/01
Filed: 1995-03-31
Granted: 1996-05-02
Abstract: The self-adhesive bandage for the elbow joint comprises a long strip (1) with a cut from one end up to about the centre of the strip. A triangular cut-out (4) is provided at the end of the slit, the base of the triangle being about 1/3 the width of the bandage. The ends of the strip (2,3) may be rounded off. The undivided section of the strip is about 50 cm long and 8 cm wide and the narrow strips are about 40 cm long and 4 cm wide. The inner side of the bandage is coated with adhesive, and the adhesive is covered with a non-adherent layer.
Patent DE-19528220-C1 (DE)
Inventor: THIELE GEORG DR
IPC: B01J29/04
Filed: 1995-08-01
Granted: 1997-01-09
Abstract: A process for regenerating a Ti-contg. zeolite (I) used as catalyst in the prodn. of epoxides from olefins and H2O2, in which the used catalyst is treated with 0.01-70 wt% aq. H2O2 soln. in the absence of olefin at 0-200 degrees C. Also claimed is a process for the prodn. of epoxides by reaction of olefins with H2O2 in presence of (I), in which the catalyst (I) is used again after regeneration as above.
Patent DE-19544337-C1 (DE)
Title: Processing of air texturised filament yarns
Inventor: BEBIE JAKOB
IPC: D02J3/02
Filed: 1995-11-28
Granted: 1996-08-22
Abstract: Proposed is a method by which air-laid-textured yarn is treated on one side by means of an abrading or cutting operation, thus opening some of the loops protruding from the yarn and leaving the two filament ends thus formed projecting out from the yarn. This produces a spun-yarn effect which is one of the typical features of spun yarn. This is due to the large number of ends of short staple fibres protruding from the yarn. A fabric woven from the textured yarn proposed has a softer feel. The tendency both to pilling and to creasing is reduced. A significant aspect of the invention is that the results obtained are highly reproducible since the treatment is not random but quantitative, and takes place under precisely controlled conditions between a backing surface and a high-speed treatment tool.
Patent DE-19635614-C1 (DE)
Title: Water tap controlling flow of hot and cold water supplies
Inventor: ASHAUER ERNST DIPL ING
IPC: F16K31/53
Filed: 1996-09-03
Granted: 1998-04-23
Abstract: The tap has an inlet for cold water and a second inlet for hot water, each having first and second valves 8,13. A ring (32) with internal toothed sections (42,43) interacts with gear wheels (29) of the two valves when the actuating member is continuously rotated.  The first valve opens in a first phase, while the second remains closed, and in a second phase, the first valve gradually closes, and at the same time, the second valve gradually opens.