baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1059739-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor element and device and method fabricating the same
IPC: H01L29/00
Filed: 1963-08-06
Abstract: 1,059,739. Semi-conductor devices. MOTOROLA Inc. Aug. 6, 1963 [Aug. 23, 1962; March 18, 1963], No. 31030/63. Heading H1K. In a semi-conductor device comprising a PN junction which terminates at one surface only of a semi-conductor wafer to define there an enclosed area, leakage paths across the surface outside this area are terminated by means of a surface layer of relatively low resistivity surrounding but spaced from the area. This may be formed by impurity diffusion into the surface or induced by application of a suitable potential to an electrode mounted on an insulating layer on the surface. A diode, Fig. 6, constructed in this manner is formed by first diffusing phosphorus into a high resistivity P- type silicon wafer from a layer of phosphosilicate glass through an aperture in a thermally grown oxide masking layer to produce the PN junction, and then etching an annular channel through the oxide layer and diffusing boron into the thus exposed area from a layer of borosilicate glass 14 to form a P+ region 13 terminating beneath the oxide layer. Metal contacts are then provided to the N region 8 and lower face of the wafer to complete the device. In forming a transistor, Fig. 7G, the N-type base zone is formed as described above and then emitter zone 27 and P+, channel terminating region 28 formed in a single process or in separrate processes by diffusion of boron as described above. In this case evaporated metal contacts are provided to the emitter, base and collector regions through suitable apertures in the masking but in an alternative form the collector contact is mounted on the P+ region 28. Details of the preparation of the boro- and phosphosilicate glass layers and the diffusion procedures are given together with details of similar processes for forming analogous devices based on high resistivity N-type silicon. Alternative methods of forming the P+ region are alloying and post-alloy diffusion. In an alternative form of transistor the P+ region is dispensed with and an annular metal electrode formed about the collector junction on the oxide layer through which in operation a suitable potential is applied to induce a P + region. Use of channel terminating regions to prevent undesired coupling between adjacent devices in an integrated circuit is also suggested.
Patent GB-771111-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to nuclear reactors
Inventor: BAUER STEFAN GEORGE
IPC: G21C3/12
Filed: 1946-10-19
Abstract: 771,111. Laminated materials. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. Oct. 19, 1946, No. 31135/46. Class 140. [Also in Group XL (a)] A nuclear reactor comprises layers or films of fissile material disposed between layers of moderator. The fissile material may be deposited as a carbide or oxide layer 16 between plates 15 of graphite, beryllia, or beryllium to provide a sandwich 2.5 to 5 mm. thick. The sandwiches may comprise hollow plates 21, Fig. 5, to provide a channel for the coolant. The sandwiches may contain thorium or uranium which may be impoverished in U<SP>235</SP>.
Patent GB-1475101-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for producing a subnanosecond pulse
IPC: H03K5/153
Filed: 1974-07-15
Abstract: 1475101 Pulse generating circuits SPERRY RAND CORP 15 July 1974 [10 Aug 1973] 31214/74 Heading H3T A sub-nanosecond pulse generator has steprecovery diode 14 as part of a resonant circuit, set into damped sinusoidal oscillations by impulses derived from trigger pulses. Trigger signals 11 are applied via a diode 20 to a normally non-conducting transistor 22 which is turned on in avalanche to discharge capacitor 25 and produce an impulse across the potentiometer 26. A portion of the impulse is applied to an impedance matching filter 13, which may have two half-T sections, with an inductor 31 which forms a series resonant circuit with the capacitance of a step recovery diode 14. Each impulse sets the circuit ringing and turns the diode 14 on, the first reverse half-cycle empties the diode before the flux in the inductor 31 has fallen to zero. The diode ceases to conduct and the stored energy produces a high voltage pulse across the diode where it is passed to the output. To ensure that subsequent half cycles do not cause further output pulses a bias voltage is developed and applied to the junction between the inductor 31 and storage diode 14. The bias circuit is shown in Fig. 2C. In an alternative mode of operation a small preset D.C. forward current is passed through the step recovery diode 14 from an active bias circuit, Fig. 2a or 2b, to keep a constant stored charge. The first half negative half cycle of ringing removes the charge via the inductor and upon cut off the flux decays to produce an impulse as before.
Patent GB-363452-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the indication and control of temperature
IPC: G01K7/36
Filed: 1930-10-18
Abstract: 363,452. Electric thermometers. MILLS, K. S., Davenies Barn, Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire. Oct. 18, 1930, No. 31307, [Class 97 (iii).] A temperature indicator comprises an exhausted quartz or metal tube c having a cathode a of nickel coated with barium oxide in contact with the tube wall so as to be heated by conduction when heat is applied to the tube. An anode b of tungsten or nickel is provided with a thick lead d to allow cooling by conduction, and is supported in a quartz tube e enlarged at f. The cathode and anode are connected in series with a source of current g and a calibrated milliammeter or magnetic circuit-breaker or both, or a relay h. Specification 353,875 is referred to.
Patent GB-313084-A (GB)
Abstract: 313,084. Friden, C. M. F. June 6, 1928, [Convention date]. Zeroizing-mechanism.-In a machine for the four rules with a laterally moving carriage for the totalizing-counter and the revolutions or quotients counter, the numeral wheels of each counter are arranged on rotatable shafts and' the carriage is provided at one end with means for selectively operating the shafts to effect the zeroizing of the numeral wheels. In the machine as shown the differential actuating mechanism is of the reversible rotary type and is similar to that described in Specification 207,858 the shaft carrying the actuators being driven through gearing from the main drive shaft 5 Fig. 1. The actuating members drive the numeral wheels 9 of the totalizing-counter through gear wheels and a single-toothed member actuator shaft geared to a pinion on the shaft is utilized to actuate the numeral wheels 40 of the revolutions counter. The numeral wheels 9, 40 are mounted on shafts 17, 18 having spring-pressed balls adapted to engage inwardly projecting teeth on the wheels. The shaft 17 is splined to the shaft 13 of the zeroizing crank 12 and carries a disc 19 with notches 20, 21 as shown in Fig. 6. Rotatably mounted on the shaft 13 is a similarly notched collar 22 carrying a gear 25 and splined to the shaft is a pair of clutch washers 26, 27 separated by a spring 28. The washers as shown in Fig. 9 are each provided with a tooth 29 and a cam projection 30 the tooth of one washer facing the direction opposite to that of the other. In one direction of rotation of the crank the disc 19 is rotated to effect the rotation of the shaft 17 while in the opposite direction of movement the gear 25 through an idle pinion and a gear 33 rotates a shaft 32 mounted in brackets on the underside of the carriage. Secured to the other end of the shaft 32 is a gear 35 connected through a pair of intermediate pinions to the gear 38 on the shaft 18. The detents associated with the totalizer pinions, and the pawls of the revolutions counter are released to permit the resetting movement by means of cam discs on the ends of the shafts 17, 18. A complete rotation of the crank in either direction is ensured by a mutilated ratchet wheel 47 the shaft 13 co-operating with a spring-controlled pawl 15. The Specification as open to inspection under Sec. 91 (3) (a) comprises also means for shifting the totalizer carriage laterally, interlocking means between the actuators and the main operating shaft and means for signalling when the capacity of the machine is exceeded. TEe interlocking means forms the subject-matter of Specification 335,904. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1037044-A (GB)
Title: Redox polymers
IPC: C08F8/12
Filed: 1963-08-08
Abstract: A redox polymer comprises a matrix composed of a cross-linked copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and polyethylenically unsaturated monomer, the matrix having attached thereto mercapto groups or the corresponding oxidized groups containing disulphide linkages, characterized in that the matrix possesses a macroreticular structure.  Initially, a macroreticular matrix polymer is prepared from a monoethylenically unsaturated/polyethylenically unsaturated monomer charge by polymerization in the presence of an inert liquid precipitant which is a solvent for the monomer charge but is inert towards the resulting copolymer, thereby causing phase separation of the resulting copolymer to take place.  The precipitant in the minute channels formed within the copolymer is then removed by drying. Mercapto groups are introduced into the macrorecticular copolymer by first halomethylating the copolymer with a halomethylether in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst and a swelling agent, reacting this with thiourea, a substituted thiourea or an alkali metal hydrosulphide and then hydrolysing this intermediate product.  The copolymer is preferably prepared from at least one monoethylenically unsaturated aromatic compound such as styrene, vinyl toluene or vinyl naphthalene and at least one polyethylenically unsaturated monomer such as divinyl benzene, divinyl toluene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trivinyl benzene, divinoxyethane or trivinoxypropane. Suitable liquid precipitants are C4- 10 alkanols such as n-butanol, t-amyl alcohol and decanol.  The thiourea, substituted thioureas or alkali metal hydrosulphides which are preferably used in a solvent, e.g. ethanol may be N-methylthiourea, N-phenylthiourea, N-tolylthiourea, N-acetylthiourea, N,N-dimethylthiourea, sodium or potassium hydrosulphide.  As a comparison to the above macroreticular copolymers, a conventional copolymer is formed in bead form by chloromethylating a styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer containing 3% divinylbenzene with chloromethyl ether and after swelling said beads with dioxane, mercapto groups are introduced by refluxing with a solution of thiourea in ethanol and then hydrolysing the beads with a solution of sodium hydroxide in ethanol.
Patent GB-945807-A (GB)
Title: Photographic image transfer process
IPC: C08F291/18
Filed: 1960-09-12
Abstract: 945,807. Photographic image transfer procedure. E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. Sept. 12, 1960 [sept. 11, 1959], No. 31400/60. Headings G2C and G2M. In a process of the dusting on type an element comprising a photopolymerizable layer of a thermoplastic material and a liquid or solid addition-polymerizable compound and which layer is tacky at at least 40‹C. and adherent as to filter paper under slight pressure at 40‹-220‹C. is imagewise exposed, as exemplified when including also a photoinitiator, dusted or otherwise treated with particles at a temperature at which the unexposed areas only are still tacky, and contacted with an image-receptive surface of a separate element at such temperature to transfer the image thereto. Numerous uses of the process ranging over copying, coloured image production, lithographic and relief printing, spirit printing, printed circuit procedure, ornamentation, and so on are described. Details are provided in XIII examples, thus in Example I a composition comprising polyethylene terephthalate/sebacate in methylene chloride, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, phenanthraquinone and p-methoxyphenol is coated on to a polyethylene terephthalate film base which had been subbed as disclosed in Specification 718, 422, dried, reflexexposed to a line positive for 3 seconds, sprinkled while warm with zinc cadmium sulphide phosphor particles, brushed to remove these from the photopolymerized surface and then contacted with a paper support at 130‹-170‹C. to transfer a copy of the original image. Five such copies may be made. Variations of the remaining examples include the use of II aluminium dusting powder, III copper powder for electroplating after transfer to make a printed circuit, IV blue and yellow dusting dyes to make a black transfer image, V similar dyes to make "image filters", VII the transferred image as ink-acceptor in lithography, XI colour separation positives to transfer yellow, magenta and cyan dye powders and make a threecolour reproduction, and XII the transferred image for relief printing. Numerous classes of polymers and such like materials for use in the invention are listed. Specifications 741,294, 741,441, 807,948, 905,699, U. S. A. Specifications 2,663,654, 2,663,655, 2,663,656 and 2,663,657 also are referred to.
Patent GB-957728-A (GB)
Title: Viscometer bath
Inventor: ROSS GEORGE ARTHUR
IPC: G01N11/00
Filed: 1960-09-12
Abstract: 957, 728. Automatic temperature control systems. MOBIL OIL CO. Ltd. Sept. 12, 1961 [Sept.12, 1960], No. 31407/60. Heading G3R. A temperature control system for say a viscometer bath comprises a primary heat source providing a temperature less than the desired value, and a thermostatically controlled secondary heat source, in parallel with source of radiant energy directed towards the thermostat. An immersion heater F provides the primary heating through a manually-variable transformer and another heater A is controlled via an electronic relay from a contact thermometer B. A radiant source E, such as a lamp, in parallel with heater A is focused on the thermostat which causes a more rapid operation of the thermostat when the liquid is being heated.
Patent GB-914699-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to hydraulic control arrangements in axial piston hydraulic transmission gear
Inventor: RITTER KASPAR
IPC: F16H47/02
Filed: 1960-09-13
Abstract: 914,699. Fluid-pressure servomotor-control systems; hydraulic transmission of power. KOPATGES. FUR KONSTRUKTION ENTWICKLUNG UND PATENTVERWERTUNG m.b.H. Sept. 13, 1960, No. 31464/60. Classes 69 (2) and 135. The wobble discs 51, 52, Fig. 1, in an axial piston hydraulic transmission gear 62, e.g. on a tractor, are adjusted by a servo-piston 2 and parallel control valve 1 using the pressure from an additional pump 80, driven at 53 with the gear, which also maintains the permanent low-filling pressure in the gear, the filling pressure duct 82, 83 containing a piston controlled shut-off valve and an excess pressure relief valve 50 in parallel. The piston 2 adjusts the discs through a forked lever 72 which shifts a cylinder 78 having cam slots 76, 77, engaging cranks 51<SP>1</SP>, 52<SP>1</SP> on the discs when a lever 65 and cable 66 shift valve 1 through feed-back lever 7 connected to the piston. Pump-filling pressure at 82, Fig. 2, passes to the gear via valve 18 and pipes 20, 83, the valve being opened by spring-loaded piston 22 and filling pressure acting via restriction 28 in chamber 24 behind the piston. When control valve 1 is shifted, e.g. to the left, pressure in 24 is exhausted via 27, 40, 45, 36 and piston 22 moves leftwards to allow valve 18 to be spring-closed. Pump-filling pressure builds up at 25 to act via restriction 39, control valve groove 38 and passage 13 on the left face of piston 2, fluid at the right face exhausting at 37. Excess filling pressure at 25 lifts relief valve 30 and passes to the gear at 83. On centrallizing control valve 1, pressure at 25 re-opens valve 18 and valve 30 closes. In an alternative embodiment, restriction 28 connects chamber 25 to passage 20 and the pipe 82 connects 20 via a groove in a piston valve replacing valve 18.
Patent GB-535797-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cards for insertion in cigarette or like packets or boxes
IPC: B65D85/10
Filed: 1939-12-05
Abstract: 535,797. Ash-trays; cigarette rests. TAYLOR, H. F. Dec. 5, 1939, No. 31474. [Class 130] [Also in Group XVII] A card for insertion with a cigarette or similar package is so formed with fold lines that on removal it may be folded up to form an ash tray with feet. One form is shown in the Figure. Recesses may be formed in the rims to support cigarettes. The card may be of or may include fire-resisting material, e.g. aluminium, copper, brass, tinned iron, asbestos, synthetic resin. The card may be printed or embossed.
Patent GB-1040228-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to wood shearing machines
IPC: B27L5/00
Filed: 1965-07-23
Abstract: 1,040,228. Woodworking. A. CREMONA. July 23, 1965 [April 3, 1965], No. 31529/65. Heading B5L. A wood shearing machine has a device for imparting a reciprocating motion to a pressure bar and cutter blade unit 2, 3 comprising, on each side of the machine, a connecting rod 4 having a screw 9 in one end and formed with a ball cap 10 for joining it to the pressure bar and cutter blade unit whereby the length of the connecting rod is adjustable, the other end of the connecting rod being fixed to a crank-pin 7 integral with a slide 8 adjustable in a notch 12 in the flywheel to vary the stroke of the unit. By varying both the length of the connecting rod and the stroke, the forward dead-centre position of the unit can be maintained constant, the adjustments depending on the size of the wood 1 which is to be sheared and is fed to the unit on a vertically movable slide. The flywheels are driven by pinions 6 through a clutch from an electric motor. The number of strokes per unit time may be adjusted in accordance with the size of the wood to be cut.
Patent GB-1288221-A (GB)
IPC: H01H43/12
Filed: 1969-06-23
Abstract: 1288221 Time switches CROUZET 23 June 1969 [21 June 1968] 31556/69 Heading H1N A programmer for domestic appliances comprises a stack of modular contact assemblies 1, a continuously rotatable cam unit 14 a programme cam unit 4 arranged for step-by-step rotation under control of cam unit 14, and two end-plates 2 and 9 one of which supports the end contact assembly and has an opening 2c journalling the cam shaft 3. The end-plates are moulded of insulating material, and the end-plate 9 provides a casing for at least one driving motor, holes to receive pins or shafts, and projections, circular recesses and grooves (such as 9a to 9p, Figs. 12 and 13, not shown) for locating moving parts, thereby reducing the axial dimension of the programmer. As shown, the motor drives a pinion 15 with teeth 15a engaging internal teeth 14a of cam unit 14, and stepping of programme cams 4 is either mechanical, by means of a pawl 20 (Figs. 1 and 2), or electrical, by means of a second motor with drive pinion 17 (Fig. 3). In the first embodiment the pawl 20 has a bore (20d, Figs. 10 and 11, not shown) fitting on a pin eccentrically mounted in the end of pinion 15 and its nose 20a steps the cams 4 each time a recess 14b<SP>1</SP> (Fig. 2) of internal cam profile 14b allows the nose to engage the internal teeth 4b. An electromagnet 23 is provided to prevent stepping when required by acting on a pin 20c to lift the pawl against action of its spring 16. In this embodiment a positioning member 12<SP>11</SP>, urged by a spring 11 and prevented from rotating by pins 13, engages teeth 4c to angularly locate cam unit 4. In the embodiment of Fig. 3 a cam 14b<SP>1</SP> provides stepping pulses for intermittent driving of the second motor and hence pinion 17. Teeth 17a engage internal teeth 12b<SP>1</SP> of a positioning member 12<SP>1</SP>, urged by a spring 11 but free to rotate, and notches 12<SP>1</SP>a engage teeth 4c to step cam unit 4. A cam 4d of unit 4, acting on the same contacts as cam 14b<SP>1</SP>, maintains the drive until a step has been completed. An axially displaceable cam 6 (Fig. 1) may be provided, and a hair-pin spring 5 may co-operate with grooves 3a to hold shaft 3 in either of two axial positions. Where contacts have a substantial clearance levers 7 (as shown in Fig. 2) may act on contact blades, such as 8, to provide amplified motion.
Patent GB-269104-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to roller crushing or grinding mills or machines
IPC: B02C4/42
Filed: 1926-12-14
Abstract: 269,104. Campbell, W. H., (Humberstone, J. E.). Dec. 14, 1926. Roller mills.-One of the rollers of a roller mill is reciprocated endwise independently of its driving-gear by means of oppositely-acting devices situated at the ends of the roller. As shown, Figs. 1 and 2, wedges J, J<1> operated by means of cams or eccentrics M, M<1> on a shaft L which may be driven through gearing L', L<2> from the shaft A<1> of the roller, work between stationary guide-blocks H and rings or collars K, K<1> at the ends of the rollers. The blocks H have inclined faces H', and the wedges may move in guides on the blocks and are preferably slotted so as to pass above and below the shaft A<1>. The eccentrics M, M<1> are so arranged that when one wedge is at the forward end of its stroke, the other wedge is at the rear of its stroke. Both rollers of the mill may be reciprocated. The rollers R, B may be driven by a belt E passing over an idle wheel C and operated by a pulley D.
Patent GB-337943-A (GB)
Title: An improved machine for cutting tea, herbs and other materials
IPC: A23F3/12
Filed: 1929-10-18
Abstract: 337,943. Banks, G., and Cridge, E. Oct. 18, 1929. Breaking tea.-Tea is cut in a machine comprising a hopper 5 at the bottom of which is situated a perforated circular plate 8 adapted to rotate upon a fixed perforated plate 7. The plate 8 is provided on its periphery with teeth and is driven from a toothed wheel 9 on a shaft 10. The two plates are maintained in close contact by a bolt 20 with a conical head 21. The upper plate is provided with recesses 29 leading in to square perforations 30, the plate 7 being provided with square perforations 31 only. A third plate adapted to rotate may be arranged below the fixed plate.
Patent GB-536958-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in liquid supply mechanisms and water softening apparatus incorporatingsuch mechanisms
IPC: C02F1/42
Filed: 1939-12-07
Abstract: 536,958. Water softening; valves. PERMUTIT CO., Ltd. (Permutit Co.). Dec. 7, 1939, No. 31710. [Class 135] [Also in Group I] Valve apparatus controlling the flow of liquid to and from a tank through a single pipe line comprises a casing 40 having a diaphragm 43 carrying a valve disc 52 which co-operates with a port 47, and a valve 65 backed by a diaphragm 57 and controlled by a plunger 66. The port 47 connects pipes 28, 30, through which liquid can flow in both directions, the pipe 30 leading to a tank which is to be discharged and then recharged. The space 45 behind the diaphragm 43 communicates with the pipe 28 by ducts 48, 49. A float, (not shown) is connected by links 33, 69, 70 with the plunger 66. The operation is described in connection with the regenerating process in a water softening apparatus such as is described in Specification 406,930, [Group I], the pipe 30 leading to the brine tank, and the pipe 28 leading to a multiport rotary valve described in the said Specification. During re-generation, injector means associated with the rotary valve produces a suction in the pipe 28. This causes a pressure drop in the space 45 above the diaphragm 43. The valve 52 thus rises and brine from the brine tank flows through the pipe 30, port 47, and pipe 28 to the softening tank. Due to the drop of the 1 evel in the brine tank the float therein acts to open the valve 65. Further movement of the rotary valve removes the suction from the pipe 28 and permits the supply of water to the latter. Some passes to the pipe 30 via the port 47 and some to the pipe 30 via the ducts 48, 49, valve 65 and duct 77. When the level in the brine tank is at a pre-determined point, the float therein closes the valve 65, pressure then builds up in the space 45 and the diaphragm 43 is flexed to close the valve 52.