baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-682477-A (GB)
Title: Sulfonated derivatives of alkylpolycyclic aryl compounds
Inventor: SCHMERLING LOUIS
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1950-08-17
Abstract: The invention comprises surface-active agents comprising the product obtained by sulphonating the product obtained by condensing an aromatic compound containing a displaceable nuclear hydrogen atom and an alkylbicyclo-(2,2,1)-2-heptene in the presence of an alkylation catalyst.  The alkylbicyclo-(2,2,1)-2-heptene may be obtained by the condensation of cyclopentadiene with an olefine.  Before sulphonation the alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon may be fractionated.  Aromatic hydrocarbons specified are benzene, diphenyl, anthracene, phenanthrene, naphthalene, and their alkyl derivatives, phenol, cresols, chlorphenols, aminophenols, hydroquinone, 1- and 2-naphthols.  Olefins mentioned for reaction with the cyclopentadiene are propylene, butene-1 or -2, pentene, n-hexene, heptene or octene, and those containing 8-12 carbon atoms.  Catalysts for the alkylation are sulphuric, hydrofluoric, or phosphoric acids, boron trifluoride, Friedel-Crafts metal halide catalysts, or pyrophosphoric acid on a siliceous absorbent.  After sulphonation with excess sulphonation agent the sulphonic acid may be separated by "springing," i.e. by adding water until phase separation occurs.  The sulphonic acid may be converted to salts with alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, ammonia, amines, alkanolamines.  Alternatively the entire sulphonation mixture may be neutralized.  During the sulphonation, addition of water to the sulphonation mixture, and neutralization, a diluent may be present, to allow evaporative cooling during the reaction.  Where a low boiling diluent is used, temperature is controlled by regulation of the ambient pressure.  Diluents mentioned are hydrocarbons containing up to 8 carbon atoms, hexachlorethane, perfluorobutane, dichlorethylene or cyclopentane or cyclohexane. Extenders, e.g. alkali- or alkaline earth-metal, ammonium, amine or alkanolamine sulphates, phosphates, chlorides, nitrates, borates, silicates or alkanoates may be added to the product.  In an example, 5-hexylbicyclo-(2,2,1)-2-heptene is formed by reacting cyclopentadiene with 1-octene, and used to alkylate benzene, using a sulphuric acid catalyst at 0 DEG  C., and the product is sulphonated in liquid butane at 0 DEG  C.
Patent GB-671887-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mechanical seals for relatively rotatory parts
IPC: F16J15/36
Filed: 1950-08-17
Abstract: 671.887. Stuffing-box substitutes. CRANE PACKING CO. Aug. 17, 1950 [Nov. 14, 1949], No. 20420/50. Class 122(v) A sealing device for relatively rotating parts comprises a washer 10 having a radial sealing face 12 and a cylindrical surface 14, a deformable sleeve 20 of elastic material having a radially inward flange 26 at one end and at its other end a cylindrical region 23 compressed against the cylindrical surface 14 of the washer to form a fluid tight joint therewith, and resilient means within the sleeve compressed between the flange 26 on the sleeve and the washer. The sleeve 20, of rubber, is clamped by a metal band 24 to the washer which is urged towards its co-operating sealing surface by a spring 55 between the sleeve flange 26 and the washer. Axial flexibility of the sleeve is provided by tapering the middle portion as shown or by means of a step or fold therein and the radial flange 26 is cemented to a retainer 15 which is pressfitted into one of the relatively rotating parts and extends axially inside the sleeve and has lugs 29 which engage in recesses 30 in the inner periphery of the washer 10 and thereby relieve the sleeve from torque load. The seal is hydraulically balanced by making the outer diameter of the flange 26 the same as the outer diameter of the sealing face 12. In a modification the cylindrical end of the sleeve is clamped in a recess in the side of the washer 10 opposite the sealing face 12.
Patent GB-1386011-A (GB)
Title: Relayrelease delay circuit
IPC: H01H47/18
Filed: 1972-05-02
Abstract: 1386011 Delayed release circuit for a relay GTE AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC LABORATORIES Inc 2 May 1972 [3 May 1971] 20445/72 Heading H3T A delayed release relay circuit comprises first and second relay operating paths in parallel the first controlling the second via a voltage stabilized time delay circuit and an amplifier whereby the second circuit releases the relay after a delay following the opening of the first circuit. As shown, closure of switch SW operates the relay, discharges the timing capacitor C1 and, via Q1, causes the alternative operating circuit Q2 for the relay to conduct. Opening contact SW allows C1 to change negatively and when its voltage reaches the reference voltage applied to the emitter of transistor Q1 the transistor cuts off causing Q2 to cut off and release the relay. The reference voltage is derived via Q3 from a potentiometer, R6, R7 connected across the charging supply for C1 so that the delay period does not vary with variations in the supply voltage.
Patent GB-494608-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to bathing caps
IPC: A42B1/12
Filed: 1937-07-24
Abstract: 494,608. Bathing - caps. RELIANCE RUBBER CO., Ltd., and COPSEY, L. J. July 24, 1937, No. 20519. [Class 63] A bathing-cap 2 has an all-round water-sealing flange 3 on its inner surface, of a concavo-convex, crescent or vee section and integrally moulded with the cap, the convex part of the flange joining or merging into the inner surface of the cap and the concave part being freely exposed towards the interior of the cap. The size of the flange varies, it is smallest at the fore-head, larger at the temples, and largest below the ears.
Patent GB-1305313-A (GB)
IPC: C23G5/00
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1305313 Cleaning metal by glow discharges ELEKTROPHYSIKALISCHE ANSTALT BERNHARD BERGHAUS 19 April 1971 [13 Feb 1970 5 Jan 1971 13 Feb 1971] 20954/71 Heading B3V [Also in Divisions C7 and H1] As an initial step in the treatment of metal workpieces by means of a glow discharge in a gas atmosphere, surface imperfections are removed by maintaining a weak glow discharge between an additional electrode and the workpieces. Apparatus, Fig. 1.-Metal container 1 provided with suction connection 4 and gas supply connection 5 is connected to the positive pole 20 of current source 19. Iron or steel cylindrical workpiece 8 is connected via an insulated leadin 6, 7, 8 to the negative pole 21. An additional cylindrical electrode 10 surrounds the workpiece 8 and is insulated from container 1 by support members 14, 15 and sets of components 11, 12, 13. The electrode is connected via insulated lead-in 16, 17, 18 to a switch 24; in position a electrode 10 has no exterior connection, in position b the electrode is connected to the central tap of a voltage divider 22, 23, and in position c the electrode is connected direct to positive pole 20. In use, the switch 24 is first placed in position a where a weak glow discharge occurs between container 1 and workpiece 8 producing a plasma within the container which imparts a low positive potential to electrode 10 providing a further glow discharge between electrode 10 and workpiece 8 which removes surface imperfections, e.g. shrink holes, gas inclusions &c. If the discharge energy is insufficient for removing all such imperfections, the switch is placed in position b to provide a higher positive potential to the electrode 10. Once the imperfections are removed, the switch is placed in position 5 and the main treatment, e.g. ionitriding begins.
Patent GB-934529-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for separating hydrocarbon mixtures
Inventor: MARCHANT ALAN
IPC: C07C7/17
Filed: 1960-06-13
Abstract: Cyclic and acyclic conjugated diolefins are separated by reacting the mixture with sulphur dioxide under conditions such that the cyclic diene is dimerized and the acyclic diene is converted to a sulphone, the sulphone is decomposed and the volatile material containing the acyclic diene is separated from the dimer by distillation.  The cyclic diene may be cyclopentadiene or methylcyclopentadiene and the acyclic diene isoprene or piperylene.  The mixture is reacted with excess gaseous or liquid sulphur dioxide at 40 DEG -150 DEG C. and 20-1,000 p.s.i.g. for 1/4 to 8 hours with agitation.  Excess sulphur dioxide is removed by stripping at atmospheric or lower pressure and 50 DEG -100 DEG C.  The mixture is heated to 100-150 DEG C. to decompose the sulphone at a pressure at which the sulphur dioxide and acyclic diene distil off.  The dimer may be depolymerized.  An antioxidant may be present.
Patent GB-485429-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to expansible packings for piston rods and the like
IPC: F16J15/56
Filed: 1937-07-26
Abstract: 485,429. Stuffing-boxes. SOC. D'INVENTIONS AERONAUTIQUES ET MECANIQUES S.I.A.M. July 26, 1937, No. 20657. Convention date, May 1. [Class 122 (v)] A packing for piston-rods &c. comprises two superposed rings 4, 5 of resilient material, e.g. rubber of different degrees of hardness. The rings may be held against the end wall of a cylinder by a spring pressed member 6.
Patent GB-1465930-A (GB)
Title: Infeed mechanism for sheet processing apparatus
IPC: G06K13/103
Filed: 1974-05-10
Abstract: 1465930 Separating sheets GLORY KOGYO KK 10 May 1974 [10 May 1973] 20671/74 Heading B8R Sheets P are separated from a pile by a pair of friction rollers 1 and 2 arranged so that roller 1 shifts the foremost sheet towards roller 2 which latter roller only contacts the face of the stack intermittently. As shown, Fig. 10(a), the roller 2 is provided with an arcuate friction member 2a which engages the sheet already fed forwards by roller 1. The roller 1 is driven intermittently from the roller 2 via an intermediate roller 4 which contacts both a wheel on the shaft of roller 1 and a drive roller 9 on the shaft of roller 2. The roller 9 carries a projection 9a so that the roller 1 is rotated only during contact of the transmission roller 4 with the projection. Following a rotation of the roller 1 this roller is braked by a member 15 brought into contact therewith by engagement of a follower 12 with a projection 10a on a braking roller 10 also carried on the shaft of roller 2. A separated sheet is forwarded to roller 5 also driven by friction member 2a on roller 2. A gate roller (8, Fig. 8, not shown) mounted between the two sections of roller 2 defines a gap between itself and pile support plate 16 so as to allow passage of only one sheet at a time. A sheet counting switch 32 is actuated each time the idler roller 5 is displaced by a single sheet thickness. A switch 33 is actuated if two sheets are fed simultaneously. The pile is advanced by a back plate 22 which is biased towards the rollers 1 and 2 by a spring 29 acting through a carriage 25 supported on rollers 27 and 28 and connected to the plate 22 by a bracket 24. The separated sheets are forwarded to a processing machine by roller 36 and belt 35. In an alternative embodiment, Fig. 5, the rollers 1 and 2 are not connected and the roller 1 is moved towards and away from the pile to effect intermittent drive. In a further form (Fig. 7(b), not shown) the roller 1 is movable about the axis of intermediate roller 4 into and out of engagement with the pile.
Patent GB-369116-A (GB)
Title: Method for the production of white tablets for writing
IPC: B43L1/00
Filed: 1931-07-20
Abstract: 369,116. Writing tablets. HEIMBACH, J., 89A, T³rkenstrasse, Munich, Germany. July 20, 1931, No. 20735. [Class 146 (ii).] White tablets for writing upon with pencil; and such that the writing can be erased by wiping with a damp sponge, are formed by painting an unbreakable support with a composition made by dissolving gelatine, chloral hydrate, magnesium sulphate, and magnesium fluoride in hot water and then adding lithopone.
Patent GB-878142-A (GB)
Title: Predetermining counter mechanism
IPC: G06M3/02
Filed: 1960-06-14
Abstract: 878,142. Counting-apparatus. VEEDERROOT Inc. June 14, 1960 [June 24, 1959], No. 20810/60. Class 106 (1). A predetermining counter comprises a plurality of rotatably supported counter wheels, with each of which is associated a rotatably supported pre-set wheel, electrical conducting means being provided for establishing a circuit for each associated counter and pre-set wheel, a first conductor being rotatably driven by each pre-set wheel and a second conductor by each counting wheel, means being provided for opening the circuit at a position of the counter wheel predetermined by the pre-set wheel. As described an electromagnetically driven counter comprises numeral wheels 14 interleaved with pre-set wheels 16, all the wheels being mounted on a common shaft 21. The lowest order counter wheel is driven by a pawl-and-ratchet 30, 31 in response to electric pulses supplied to an electromagnet (not shown). The higher order counter wheels are driven by transfer pinions 27 having elongated shanks to permit the presence of an interleaved pre-set wheel. Each pre-set wheel 16, Fig. 9, has a series of notches 40 round its circumference adapted to co-operate with teeth on an associated manually operable wheel 17. The pre-set wheels 16 are made of insulating material and have electrically connected conducting discs 40, 44 connected to each side, the disc 44 having a notch 46 filled with insulating material at the numeral "0." Co-operating with the disc 44 is a contact 49 electrically connected to a disc 50 carried by the associated counter wheel 14 which is of insulating material. The contact 49 is opposite the numeral "0.' on the counter wheel 14. Contact fingers 55 engage the outer periphery of the discs 50 and are connected by wires 55a. Contact fingers 56 engage the outer periphery of the discs 42 and are connected by wires 56a. Thus the connection to the various denominational discs 44 form parallel circuits, Fig. 15. In operation the wheels 17 are manually rotated to set the wheels 16 to the predetermined number. A circuit through a solenoid 90 is thus closed and is maintained over one of the parallel circuits until the contacts 49 all engage associated insulating notches 46, whereupon the circuit is broken. To enable the counter wheels to be re-set without immediately re-energizing the solenoid 90, a switch 70, Figs. 6 and 15, is provided. The switch 70 is normally closed due to the end of an arm 73 thereof resting in a notch in a cam 75 fixed to the numeral wheel shaft 21. To zeroize the counter the shaft 21 is rotated to cause a groove therein to engage detents (not shown) on the numeral wheels, rotation of the shaft 21 opening the switch 70 to maintain the solenoid 90 de-energized until zeroizing has been completed. A notch 78 in a second cam on the shaft 21 acts as a zero stop. In a second embodiment, Figs. 11-14, (not shown), the numeral wheels and pre-set wheels are mounted on separate, parallel shafts, and the counter is zeroized by heart-cams on the numeral wheels.
Patent GB-1325837-A (GB)
Title: Wave interference silencing systems
IPC: F01N1/06
Filed: 1972-05-04
Abstract: 1325837 Silencers GENERAL MOTORS CORP 4 May 1972 [20 May 1971] 20841/72 Heading F1B A wave interference silencing system comprises first and second gas flow paths 36, 38 having frequency dependent acoustical reactances and respectively coupled inlets and outlets, the flow paths having different acoustical lengths for producing phase opposition at the outlets and acoustical leakage paths 46 between spaced sections of the second flow path having a frequency independent acoustical resistance, the leakage paths providing parallel acoustical couplings between the spaced sections and attenuating the sound waves flowing in the second flow path without phase shift. The helical rib 34 may be perforated or its periphery may be supported on ribs in the outer passage 22. Two silencers (22, 24) Fig. 1 (not shown) are arranged in series with a catalytic convertor (20).
Patent GB-170100-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the preparation and smelting of ores, roasterresidues, slags and the like containing iron and zinc
IPC: C22B19/04
Filed: 1920-07-12
Abstract: Iron ores, roaster-residues, slags &c. free from sulphur and containing iron and zinc are smelted in a blast furnace with a suitable chloride such as the chloride of an alkali, alkaline earth or zinc and the usual ingredients of a blast furnace charge, the zinc being volatilized in the form of a chloride or oxychloride and carried out of the furnace along with the gases which pass into the gas-washing plant, the zinc being absorbed in the alkaline wash water.  The crude precipitate in the form of carbonate is separated, washed and calcined.  The chloride used in the furnace preferably contains 2 parts of combined chlorine to 1 part of zinc in the ore &c.  When the roaster-residues &c. contain sulphur, they are desulphurized by roasting in rotary kilns with fuel and a limited supply of air before treatment in the blast furnace.  The gases from the operation may be used in the manufacture of sulphuric acid.
Patent GB-241671-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to evaporators
IPC: B01D3/06
Filed: 1924-09-04
Abstract: 241,671. Fothergill, H. Sept. 4, 1924. Separate heater and evaporator apparatus.-In apparatus such as that described in Specification 211,924 in which liquid is circulated by a pump through a heater and an evaporating chamber which it enters through nozzles producing such a drop of pressure that the liquid flashes into vapour, the apparatus is so designed that the pressure on the delivery side of the pump is above atmospheric so that the concentrate can be discharged directly. In the apparatus shown the liquid passes from the heater a to an annular chamber w surrounding the evaporating chamber e and communicating with it by nozzles h. Vapour passes between bafflles t to an outlet p connected to a condenser. Concentrate falls to the bottom of the chamber e and flows over a baffle k to a pipe f and the pump g. Make up liquid enters the chamber e through an inlet m and a corresponding amount of concentrate is discharged through a pipe n on the delivery side of the pump.
Patent GB-1093283-A (GB)
Title: Rotary brush assembly
Inventor: CRESSWELL CLIFFORD WILLIAM
IPC: B65G45/18
Filed: 1963-05-24
Abstract: 1,093,283. Rotary brushes. W. W. BROWN & PARTNERS Ltd. and C. W. CRESSWELL. May 22, 1964 [May 24, 1963], No. 20917/63. Heading A4K. [Also in Division B8] A cleaning brush 4 on a pivotal plate 8 is urged by spring 13 against a conveyer belt 3 and is driven by a belt 17 from a wheel on the conveyer drum shaft 19. The belt 17 passes around plate mounted brush, jockey and free pulleys 14, 15 and 16. In use, the pulley 15 is coincident with or adjacent a line joining the axis of drum shaft 19 and the pivotal axis of plate 8 at trunnion 10, so that angular movement of the plate 8 is possible in use or to change brushes without altering the tension of belt 17.
Patent GB-995411-A (GB)
Title: Guide roller
IPC: E05F11/38
Filed: 1964-05-21
Abstract: 995,411. Rollers. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. May 21, 1964 [May 24, 1963], No. 21006/64. Heading F2U. A guide roller, especially for incorporation in a vehicle window regulator, is made of a synthetic resin material such as nylon, and is provided with a number of resilient fingers engageable with an adjacent member of the structure to prevent rattle in use. As shown in Fig. 1, the roller 30 is mounted on a pin 22 carried by a link 10 and engages a guide channel 14, 16, 18 of elongated C-section. The hub portion 32 of the roller is formed with inclined tabs 36 whose tips engage the member 10, while the main portion of the roller has an outer tyre portion 40 engaging the channel wall 14, and tabs 42 engaging wall 16 and pressing the radial portion 38 of the roller against walls 18. In a modification, Fig. 7 (not shown), the tabs 42 are replaced by non- deflectable tapered projections. In the form shown in Fig. 4 the main portion of the roller consists of a pair of spaced flanges 52, 54 laterally deflectable into engagement with the channel walls.
Patent GB-807955-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to artificial tooth and process of making the same
IPC: A61C13/00
Filed: 1955-07-20
Abstract: 807,955. Artificial teeth. DENTISTS' SUPPLY CO. OF NEW YORK. July 20, 1955 [Sept. 1, 1954], No. 21058/55. Class 81 (2). A porcelain artificial tooth is made by disposing raw porcelain dough around an anchorage made essentially of palladium which has been treated to render it substantially gas free, making the dough into a raw tooth biscuit having an opening extending to the anchorage, firing the biscuit to fuse the porcelain particles to each other and the anchorage while certain surfaces are exposed to the firing atmosphere, placing one end of a pin and solder into the opening in contact with the certain surfaces and subjecting the assembly to a temperature sufficient to decompose any palladium oxide and melt the solder to connect the pin and anchorage firmly together. The anchorage 12 which contains 86-100 per cent palladium is cup-shaped and is disposed on a moulding post secured to a mould which is charged with raw porcelain dough consisting of pulverized feldspar and organic binding agents. The mould, dough and anchorage are subjected to preliminary baking at 500-600 F. to produce a raw tooth biscuit. The moulding post is then removed and the raw tooth biscuit fired at a temperature of 2250-2300 F. which fuses the porcelain and produces a layer of palladium oxide on the exposed inner surface of the anchorage 12. A pin 22, made of nickel plated with gold or gold alloy, and fluxed silver solder 24 are then introduced into the anchorage 12, the assembly being then subjected to a temperature of 1450  F. which decomposes the palladium oxide and effects a firm soldered joint. Small quantities of silver, gold, platinum, indium, rhodium or ruthenium or alloys thereof may be alloyed with the palladium. The palladium or palladium alloy used is previously process-annealed in a gaseous atmosphere to render it gas free.
Patent GB-1134950-A (GB)
Title: Reversible-flow centrifugal blower
IPC: F04D29/48
Filed: 1966-05-12
Abstract: 1,134,950. Centrifugal blowers. NORRMALMS INDUSTRIER A. B. May 12, 1966 [May 13, 1965], No. 21063/66. heading F1C. In a reversible blower similar to that described in Specification 912,162, the pivotable housing for effecting the reversal is pivoted eccentrically to the impeller shaft. Consequently, the inner contour of the pivotable housing extends in volute fashion relative to the periphery of the impellers instead of being concentric therewith. This increases the efficiency of the blower. The pivotal housing 6, Fig. 4 of substantially semi-cylindrical shape, is provided at each end with a semi-circular counterweight 10, preferably of the same radius as the pivotal housing. Each counterweight 10 is provided at its centre of curvature with an outwardly projecting pivot 11, each pivot being journalled in a bearing located below the bearings for the impeller shaft 1. When the blower is at rest, the counterweights 10 turn the pivotal housing 6 into a neutral position in which the counterweights depend below the pivotal axis. When the impellers are rotated in the anti-clockwise direction, the air impinges upon surfaces such as the inwardly-directed walls 9 of inlet ports 8 formed in the pivotal housing 6 between the impellers to drag the pivotal housing in an anti-clockwise direction into the position shown, in which it abuts against the left-hand stop 16. The eccentric mounting of the pivots 11 causes the inner contour of the pivotal housing 6 to extend in volute fashion relative to the impellers, with the radial distance from the impeller increasing in the direction of rotation. The flow between the passage walls 17, 18 is from left to right as shown. To reverse this direction of flow, the impellers are rotated in clockwise direction, whereby the air drags the pivotal housing 6 in a clockwise direction to abut against the right-hand stop 16. Additional media may be added to the air via auxiliary inlets 21, 22. The turning of the pivotal housing 6 between its two positions may be effected by frictional, reaction or manual forces.