baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-807249-A (GB)
Title: Process for separating the elements zirconium and hafnium from one another
Inventor: FISCHER WERNER
IPC: C01G27/00
Filed: 1957-02-06
Abstract: Zirconium and hafnium are separated by partition of their nitrates between water and organic solvents, which are alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, or mixtures thereof, ketones being preferred.  The zirconium normally enters the organic phase. Butanone, pentanones, hexanones, alkyl isopropyl ketones, benzaldehyde, amyl acetate, butylene glycol, diethyl ether, butanol, and amyl alcohol are specified.  Pentanones and hexanones are preferred.  The partition may be effected in the presence of large amounts of readily water-soluble nitrates, such as LiNO3, Mg(NO3)2, Ca(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, NH4NO3, or mixtures thereof, in which case the zirconium-hafnium mixture need not be added as the nitrates, but as more easily obtainable compounds such as the tetrachlorides or oxychlorides.  To avoid hydrolysis the solution should not be heated, and the zirconium and hafnium compounds should be dissolved slowly in the nitrate solution while cooling and stirring.  It is advantageous to work in at least weakly acid solutions, and a high HNO3 content is preferred. After partition, if LiNO3 or NH4NO3 have been used, the Zr and Hf may be precipitated from the respective phases by LiOH or ammonia, and the filtrates recycled to the partition process after acidifying with HNO3.  A convenient partition procedure is to use an odd number of vessels in series into the central one of which is introduced the zirconium-hafnium mixture in solid form; into one end of the series the aqueous medium is introduced and the organic phase is withdrawn, and into the other end of the series the organic medium is introduced and the aqueous phase is withdrawn, with intermittent countercurrent passage of the media through the vessels (O'Keefe partitioning).
Patent GB-1434334-A (GB)
Title: Electrolytic cell and process
IPC: C25C7/00
Filed: 1974-01-29
Abstract: 1434334 Electrowinning metals ELECTRONOR CORP 29 Jan 1974 [29 Jan 1973] 04165/74 Heading C7B In a process and cell for metal electrowinning, the active anode area is 1À5-20 times less than the active cathode area, whereby the anode/cathode current density ratio is 1À5-20:1. The anode may comprise a series of parallel coplanar rods 34 arranged parallel to and spaced 20-150 mm from a steel sheet cathode. The rod axial spacing may be 10-100 mm, with closer spacing at the ends, and the rod diameter may be 2-16 mm. The rods which may taper at their ends may be round, square or rectangular in section, or may be replaced by strips or mesh. Alternative configurations are given Figs. 3-5, (not shown). The rods may be of a valve metal e.g. Ti, optionally on a Cu core, and have an electrocatalytic conductive coating of one or more oxides, nitrides, carbides or sulphides of Au, Pt, Ag, Pd, Ir, Ru, Os, Rh, Fe, Ni or Cr with or without one or more oxides of a valve metal (e.g. TiO 2 , Ta 2 O 5 ), Fe, Ni, Sn, Al, Co or Cr. A cell with an e.g. asbestos diaphragm may be used. Current density ranges specified are 1000-2000 A/m<SP>2</SP> anodic for a cathode c.d. of 300 A/m<SP>2</SP>. Metals electro-deposited are Cu, Zn, Co (from acid sulphate baths) or Ni (from an acid sulphate or H 3 BO 3  buffered chloride bath).
Patent GB-1486672-A (GB)
Title: Trays for packaging
IPC: B65D5/20
Filed: 1975-01-31
Abstract: 1486672 Trays formed from e.g. cardboard blanks VIBIXA Ltd 27 Oct 1975 [31 Jan 1975] 4227/75 Heading B8P In a tray formed from, e.g. cardboard, and comprising an inner bottom panel 10 having inner walls 12, 14 upstanding from the periphery thereof, an outer bottom panel larger than the inner bottom panel 10 from the periphery of which extend outer walls 23 and 25, and top walls 19, 20, 21, 22 extending between the inner walls and the corresponding outer walls; the bottom edges of the outer walls 25 are provided with bottom flaps which extend between the inner bottom wall 10 and the outer bottom wall; the upper parts of each end of the inner walls 12 extend beyond the adjacent inner wall 14 by a distance less than the width of the top walls 21, 22; and adjacent inner walls are connected via gussets. A one-piece blank from which the tray may be formed is shown in Fig. 1 (not shown).
Patent GB-442808-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to game apparatus
IPC: A63F7/02
Filed: 1935-02-11
Abstract: 442,808. Game apparatus. MILLER, D. J. G., 54, Blackburn Grove, Bootle, Lancashire. Feb. 11, 1935, No. 4269. [Class 132 (ii)] Game apparatus of wood or metal comprises a box 10 having a ball, roller or disc entry shoot 15, inclined guides 16, deflecting pegs 17 and a ball-catching cup 20 mounted on a slide plate 22 free to slide on guides 23 formed by cutting a slot 24 in the rear wall of the box 10 and flanging the metal outwards. The pegs 17 can be pressed out from the metal sheets 44 and 45, Fig. 5, and their extremities 46 are turned down. The cup 20 is moved along the slot 24 by a bell-crank hand lever 21 pivoted to a floating link 25 having an adjustable pin-and-slot connection with a lever 26 pivoted at 27 and having a pin-and-slot connection with the slide plate 22. The lever 26 is buffered by the rubber stops 30 and is controlled by the spring 31 adjustably engaged with notches 32. A ball O caught in the cup 20 is released by a spring-controlled lever 36 pivoted at 37 and bent over at 38 to form a door for the ball and bent over at 39 to contact with the lever 40 actuated by the lost motion of the floating link 25. A pusher device may be fixed to the upper part of the lever 36 and so arranged that as the lever 36 is rotated it engages the top of the ball and forces it out of the cup. On leaving the cup 20 the ball rolls down an inclined shoot 18 to a discharge shoot 19, the front part 47 of which is foldable within the apparatus. A modified form of discharge shoot 19 is shown in Fig. 7 slidable into the apparatus through the pin-and-slot connection 48, 49. Means may be fitted to the apparatus which cause the ball to ring a bell when it is caught in the cup 20. Counting apparatus operated by ratchet-andpawl mechanism may be provided to count the number of balls inserted and the number of balls caught in and released from the cup 20. A ball may be released for play by the insertion of a token into the apparatus. The box 10 is closed at the front by means of a sheet of glass 11 and is hingedly supported by screws 12 and jointed arm 14 in a tray 13 into which it can be folded when not in use. The jointed arm 14 is stiff enough to hold the box 10 in any desired position and if desired a pointer may be provided for indicating the degree of angular adjustment. Instead of mounting the box 10 in a tray 13 it may be mounted on a bracket to be adjustable about a horizontal axis, the bracket being clamped to a table, and in this construction the front of the box need not be closed provided the box 10 is arranged at a suitable angle.
Patent GB-853722-A (GB)
Title: Nursery trolley and chair
Inventor: LITTMAN JOHN
IPC: A47D1/02
Filed: 1958-02-11
Abstract: 853,722. Nursery chairs and tables. TRANSOCEAN NOVELTIES Ltd. May 11, 1959 [Feb. 11, 1958], No. 4439/58. Classes 52(2) and 52(3) A table has foldable and telescopically adjustable legs 21a, 21d and part 70 of the top is pivotally mounted so that it can be swung to form the back of a nursery chair, this swinging bringing the seat of the chair into operative position. Each leg consists of an outer part 24 having a vertical slot provided with enlargements 28 and an inner part 25 having a spring-loaded stepped pin 26 the larger part of which fits an enlargement 28 and the smaller part of which fits the slot to allow telescoping when the pin is pushed in. Legs 21b..21d fold perimetrically and leg 21a folds towards leg 21b so that no leg lies along the back edge when the table is collapsed. The legs are held in erect position each by a hinged stay 43 having a slot with an enlarged end receiving a shanked stud 45 carried by the leg. The table has castors 22 and a retaining rail. The seat back pivots 74 can be selectively engaged with notches in plates 72 secured to the underside of the table, the seat 83 being hinged to the bottom of the back 70 and being supported at its front end by links 84. A link 92 is hinged to one link 84 at one end and at the other end can be selectively engaged with notches in a plate 90 to adjust the chair. Flexible material 100 forms the chair sides and straps define leg openings 102, 103. The leg rest 110 is adjustably mounted on the front of the seat by having at one side a polygonal opening 113 taking over a polygonal stud 112 fixed to the seat, the parts being urged into engagement by a spring 117 at the other side.
Patent GB-334825-A (GB)
Title: Improved control device for the electrical driving mechanism of phonographs
IPC: G11B19/28
Filed: 1930-02-10
Abstract: 334,825. Etablissements Igra. Feb. 9, 1929, [Convention date]. Driving. - An elastic coupling is interposed between the electric driving motor and the turntable spindle so that the variations in tension of the elastic coupling act to move a controlling handle over the contacts of a rheostat in the motor circuit, so as to compensate for variations in voltage of the supply. As shown in Fig. 1, a drum 1 mounted loose on the intermediate shaft 2 contains a coiled spring 3 the inner end of which is secured to the shaft 2 and the outer end to the drum wall. The bottom of the drum carries a socket 4 the lower surface of which is formed as a cam-shaped part 5. A grooved socket 6 carries a boss 7 provided with a slot 8 through which passes a pin 9 secured to the shaft 2 to allow sliding motion of the socket 6 along the shaft 2. In the groove of the socket is held a fork 11 so as not to rotate with the socket, and formed integral with this fork is a pivot 12 carrying a handle 13 adapted to slide over the contacts of the rheostat 14. A spring 19 urges the boss 7 of the socket 6 against the cam 5. The drum 1 is integral with a toothed wheel 15 driven from the motor through the worm 16 and the shaft 2 is connected through the gear wheel 17 with the turntable spindle 18. At starting, the motor tensions the spring 3 and drives the shaft 2, the drum 1 being shifted relatively to the shaft 2 so that the socket 6 is lowered and the handle 13 is moved to insert a resistance in the motor circuit. The current supply is thus reduced and the spring 3 unwinds a corresponding amount, causing the handle 13 to return and reduce the resistance. In this way the spring tension and the corresponding resistance inserted in the circuit co-operate to maintain the turntable spindle running at a constant speed. An alternative construction is described in which the spring 23, Fig. 2, is tensioned and the relative angular motion between the drum 21 and the shaft 22 causes the drum cover 30 and the socket 26 to slide over the threaded lower part of the shaft 22 and so cause the handle to move over the rheostat contacts. Specification 298,725 is referred to.
Patent GB-1098960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrical control systems
IPC: H02M7/155
Filed: 1965-02-02
Abstract: 1,098,960. Converting; control of D.C. motors. MATERIEL ELECTRIQUE S.W. Feb. 2, 1965 [Feb. 3, 1964], No. 4506/65. Headings H2F and H2J. [Also in Division G3] An arrangement for supplying D.C. in either direction selectively to the armature of a separately excited D.C. motor 3 from an A.C. supply 1 comprises thyristors T1, T2 arranged back-to-back for alternative operation under the control of respective firing circuits 5-1, 5-2 producing firing pulses the timing of which is determined by control voltages derived from P.I. controllers 6-1, 6-2. Each controller is fed with a first current Is proportional to the motor current and derived from a current sensor 7; a second current IR proportional to the difference between desired and actual motor speeds, this current being derived from a comparator 9 which receives a reference input and an input from a tachogenerator 10 driven by the motor 3; and a third current IC1 or IC2 derived by applying to a rectifier device 8-1 or 8-2, a voltage representing the difference between the voltage ecl or ec2 applied to the respective one of said firing circuits and the voltage u, taken from a voltage sensor 12 applied to the motor armature, the rectifier device having a characteristic simulating the characteristic of the thyristor T1 or T2 respectively. With this arrangement the appropriate thyristor T1 or T2 is controlled to act as an inverter to return current to the supply when the motor is decelerated prior to a reversal, but no circulating current through the back-to-back thyristors is produced as in the case of conventional systems of this type and the specification discusses the advantages of this.
Patent GB-539493-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the vulcanisation of rubber
IPC: C08K5/00
Filed: 1940-03-11
Abstract: 539,493. Dithiocarbamatecyclohexyl amine salts. MONSANTO CHEMICAL CO. March 11, 1940, No. 4566. Convention date, April 21, 1939. [Class 2 (iii)] [Also in Group V] Tertiary cyclohexylamine salts of dithiocarbamate are used as vulcanization accelerators for rubber and rubber latex. An example is given of the preparation of N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamino - N-methylcyclohexyldithiocarbamate by the action of carbon bisulphide. on a mixture of N : N-dimethylcyclohexylamine- and N-methylcyclohexylamine. Other compounds which may be used are the N : N- dimethylcyclohexylamine salts of the dimethyl, dibutyl, diamyl, diethyl, dipropyl, cyclopentamethylene, N-ethyl (or butyl, amyl or hexyl)- cyclohexyl or dicyclohexyl dithiocarbamates. or the corresponding N, N-diethyl or N-methyl- N-ethyl salts of dibutyl or diamyl dithiocarbamate.
Patent GB-434006-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in centrifugal separators
IPC: B04B11/02
Filed: 1935-02-13
Abstract: 434,006. Centrifugal separators. AKTIEBOLAGET SEPARATOR, 8, Fleming- gatan, Stockhohn. Feb. 13, 1935, No. 4639. Convention date, Feb. 16, 1934. [Class 23] A centrifugal separator having tightly connected inlet and outlets has apparatus, such as pumps, for raising pressure, provided at inlet and outlets. The channel 5, Fig. 1, discharges from the separator into the pipe 2 and the annular channel 4 discharges into the pipe 3 through a centrifugal pump 6 carried by the rotating parts. This tends to reduce the pressure on the packing 8 in the inlet. Where a large flow is required through the separator a pump 10, Fig. 3, is provided at the inlet 11 in addition to the pump at the outlet. It is mounted on the hollow spindle 7 and held by the nut 13 so that the impeller eye is turned away from the inlet to the spindle so that the pressure on the packing 8 is reduced. The pump housing is in two parts 9<a>, 9<b> the latter of which is provided with wings 15 to reduce the rotation of the liquid during its movement towards the central spindle 7. The complete arrangement is held together by a screw locking device 12.
Patent GB-1200247-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a copper stripping machine
Inventor: WENNBERG OLOV CARL GUSTAV
IPC: C25C7/08
Filed: 1968-01-30
Abstract: 1,200,247. Making sheets. O. C. G. WENNBERG. 30 Jan., 1968, No. 4680/68. Heading B3A. A machine for producing thin copper sheets for use in electrolytic refining operates on prepared workpieces comprising basic plates having a copper layer deposited thereon, the machine having stripping means for peeling off the deposited layer in a continuous stroke to form the desired thin copper sheet. The machine comprises a stripping means A having knives 66 operating on each side of a basic plate B and moved vertically by a piston, cylinder arrangement ; a conveyer for bringing successive basic plates B supported on rods 12 to the stripping mechanism; a holding device for retaining the basic plate steady during stripping comprising supporting plates 88 pivotable about pivot 90 to grip the bottom edge only of the basic plate; depositing means for receiving the stripped copper sheet comprising the upper parts of the supporting plates 88 which receive the stripped sheets and a pressure cylinder 100 that lowers the supporting plates until the stripped sheets are received on a transverse conveyer; and means for removing a stripped basic plate and dip it into an oil tank 124 to prepare it for subsequent copper plating. The basic plates are held within an edge frame and suspended from the rods 12 during movement through the machine. Individual basic plates are fed by the conveyer 20, 22 and bars 34 to feed a basic plate from a pre-machining position 10b, to the machining position 10a and then to a position 10c from where it is moved laterally, dipped in the oil tank 124 and placed on a further conveyer 140.
Patent GB-1104127-A (GB)
Title: Stabilized segmented polyurethanes
IPC: C08G18/10
Filed: 1967-01-31
Abstract: Segmented polyurethanes are stabilized by adding thereto a polymeric tertiary amine having repeating units of the formula <FORM:1104127/C3/1> wherein R is an alkylene radical containing at least two carbon atoms, R1 is an alkyl radical containing at least 3 carbon atoms, R11 is an alkyl radical and R111 is H or CH3, R, R1 and R11 being so selected that (1) R1 and R11 together contain at least 5 carbon atoms and (2) the sum of the respective steric factors (an expression of the degree of steric hindrance) is at least 7.  The segmented polyurethanes are preferably prepared from a polyether or polyester and a stoichiometric excess of a polyisocyanate, followed by chain extension with an organic diamine in an organic solvent. The polymeric tertiary amine is suitably added to the polyurethane in solution in organic solvent, e.g. dimethyl-acetamide, and the mixture formed into films or filaments.  The solution may also comprise additives such as titanium dioxide, ultramarine blue pigment, and bis- or tris-phenols. Exemplified polymeric tertiary amines are poly-(diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate); poly-(t. - butylmethylaminoethyl methacrylate); poly[2-(di-n-propylamino)-1-methylethyl methacrylate] and a copolymer of 75% diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate and 25% decyl methacrylate. The preferred amount of stabilizer is 0.5 to 10% by weight of the polyurethane.  Poly (diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate) may be prepared by polymerizing N,N-diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate in N,N-dimethylacetamide using azodiisobutyronitrile as catalyst.ALSO:Compounds of the formula <FORM:1104127/C2/1> wherein R is an alkylene radical containing at least 2 carbon atoms, R1 is an alkyl radical containing at least 3 carbon atoms, R11 is an alkyl radical and R111 is H or CH3, R, R1 and R11\h being so selected that (1) R1 and R11 together contain at least 5 carbon atoms and (2) the sum of the respective steric factors (an expression of the degree of steric hindrance) is at least 7 may be prepared from methyl acrylate or methyl methacrylate and the corresponding t.-aminoalkanol HO-R-NR1R11. N,N1-Diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate is prepared by reacting methyl methacrylate with N,N-diisopropylaminoethanol in the presence of tetraisopropyl titanate as catalyst.
Patent GB-1016021-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to liquid hydrocarbon fuels
Inventor: BROOK JAMES HAROLD THURSTON
IPC: C10L1/14
Filed: 1962-02-07
Abstract: Fuel oil compositions comprise (A) a distillate fuel oil containing 1% or more of a thermally or catalytically cracked product, (B) a small amount of an organic epoxide as defined below, and (C) an oil-soluble basic substance having a b.p. of not less than 190 DEG F.; optionally together with (D) a phenolic anti-oxidant. A suitable fuel (A) is a diesel fuel blend of 50% straight-run distillate and 50% catalytically cracked product. The epoxide (B) is one of formula <F\1> where R1 is hydrogen or alkyl; R2 is alkyl, or the residue of a phenol, alkylated phenol, carboxylic acid, ether, or polyether, provided that when R2 is alkyl the total number of carbon atoms in the molecule is 5-18.  Suitable epoxides are 1,2-epoxyhexane, 1,2-epoxydodecane, phenyl glycidyl ether, and octyl phenyl glycidyl ether.  Component (C) may be organic or inorganic, including primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic and aromatic amines, pyridine, piperidine, quinoline, and the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of ammonium, iron, or metals of Group I and II of the Mendeleeffs Periodic Table.  In order to be oil-soluble the inorganic bases are used in the form of basic and superbasic organic salts, for example basic alkaline earth metal naphthenates, petroleum sulphonates, alkyl salicylates, and salts of alkyl phenol/formaldehyde condensation products.  Component (D), when present, may be an alkyl phenol or phenate, bis-phenol or phenate, or phenol or bis-phenol sulphide or disulphite, examples being given.  The functions of components (C) and (D) may be combined in a single additive, e.g. basic calcium alkyl salicylate.  Further optional additives, which perform conventionally, are the condensation product of a chlorinated wax, phenol, and phthalyl chloride; cyclohexyl nitrate; a condensation product of an olefin and maleic anhydride; and phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine.
Patent GB-784203-A (GB)
Title: Light metal rivet
IPC: F16B19/10
Filed: 1956-02-15
Abstract: 784,203. Rivets. AKT.-GES. FUR UNTERNEHMUNGEN DER EISEN UND STAHLINDUSTRIE. Feb. 15, 1956 [Feb. 16, 1955; Nov. 3, 1955], No. 4749/56. Class 89(1) A rivet comprises at least three initially separate parts, viz. a hollow-part 7, a core 10 and an annular-member 13 provided with a countersunk recess 12. The part 7 has a head 9 provided with a countersunk recess 8 and in use, the head 11 of the core is placed in one recess and the other end of the core is upset into the other recess. In another arrangement, the hollow-part is headless and two annular-members are provided. The hollow-part may be compressed during riveting to fill the holes in the parts being joined together.
Patent GB-651277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to apparatus for observing rotating objects
IPC: H05B41/34
Filed: 1948-02-18
Abstract: 651,277. Automatic speed-control systems. METROPOLITAN-VICKERS ELECTRICAL CO., Ltd. Feb. 18, 1948, No. 4772. Convention date, Feb. 18, 1946. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Groups XIX and XX] Selsyn devices are employed to maintain two shafts in rotation at the same speed and may include means for varying the relative angular positions of the shafts while they are rotating. As shown, Fig. 5, Selsyns 50, 51 driven respectively by the two shafts are connected to a differential Selsyn 52, any movement of which, due to a difference between the speeds of the shafts, is transmitted to a rheostat 53 in circuit with the D.C. motor 27 driving one of the' shafts whereby the speed of the latter is varied to restore the equality. In the system shown in Fig. 6, Selsyns 50, 51 driven, as before, by the two shafts are connected to a differential Selsyn, the windings 55, 56 of which are fixed. The Selsyns are energized from an A.C. supply 59 which also energizes a phase-sensitive electronic control apparatus 58 which operates the motor 27 and which is connected to the single-phase winding of the Selsyn device 50 so as to be sensitive to the [direction and amount of] phase relation [shift] between the source of supply 59 and any signal reaching it from Selsyn 50. Such a signal is produced when the shafts differ in speed and the apparatus 58 on receipt of such a signal varies the speed of the motor 27 to restore equality. To vary the relative angular positions of the shaft the winding 55 may be rotated relative to the winding 56 by wheel 57, thereby causing a signal to reach the apparatus 58 to vary the speed of the motor 27 accordingly. The system is applied to apparatus for viewing rotating bodies (see Group XX).
Patent GB-749929-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tire mold
IPC: B29D30/06
Filed: 1954-02-18
Abstract: 749,929. Pneumatic tyres. FIRESTONE TIRE & RUBBER CO. Feb. 18, 1954 [May 13, 1953], No. 4772/54. Class 144 (2). [Also in Group V] Transverse Z-shaped slits 5 are moulded in the traction ribs of a tyre by means of thin plates secured in the mould matrix,