Patent UA-102321-C2 (UA)
Title: Method for multicircuit circulation gasification of organic wastes
Inventor: MARKINA LIUDMYLA MYKOLAIVNA
IPC: C10J3/20
Filed: 2012-02-08
Abstract: The invention relates to methods of thermal utilization of organic wastes including solid domestic waste (SDW), consisting of food waste, fallen leaves, disintegrating wood etc., and can be used for gasification of peat, wastes of animal production units, municipal sewage sludge, and other organic wastes with high humidity with forming of non-resin generator gas suitable for power of diesel or gas turbine plant.The method for multicircuit circulation gasification of organic wastes comprising two-zone gasification process of organic wastes with local air access into oxygen combustion zone with the temperature of 1200-, dry fuel distillation with producing of generator gas, wherein the lower zone provides direct process gasification, and upper – reverse, at the temperature of initial generator gas of 700  C , slag removal after gasification process finishing. Initial heat generator gas is clarified from dust, after that it is sequentially cooled in three heat-exchangers, at the first stage to 500-600  C, at the second to 250-, at the third 130-150  C, wherein in heat exchangers heavy resin is condensed with the temperature of 130-150 C, which is isolated and returned into gas generator, atomized and thermally decomposed at the temperature of 1200-1500 C in the zone of reverse gasification till forming of fuel gas, after that generator gas with the temperature of 130-150 C, coming from the first three heat exchangers, is continued to sequentially cooling in another three heat exchangers, at the first stage it is cooled to the temperature of 70-80  C, at the second – to 40-50  C, at the third to 25-35  C, wherein in the latest water is condensed with admixtures of light carbohydrates, which are isolated and supplied into heat exchanger with the temperature of 70-80  C, where water is heated to the temperature of 50-60  C, after that it is supplied into water-steam distributing tank, water from distributing tank is supplied into heat-exchanger with the temperature of 250-, and it is partially converted into steam, and aqueous-steam mixture is returned into distributing tank, where water and light carbohydrate steam are isolated with the temperature of 100-110 C, and supplied into heat-exchanger with the temperature of 500-600 C, where they are heated to the temperature of 300-400 C and under pressure are supplied into gas generator into lower direct gasification zone for water gas producing; heat exchangers with the temperature of 25-35 C, 40-50C and 130-150 C are sequentially cooled with water, heated to the temperature of 90-110 C, and which is supplied to the consumers as heat carrier, and also it is partially supplied into distributing tank for maintenance of necessary level, wherein before air supply into oxygen gasification zone it is heated to the temperature of 400-320 C in heat exchanger for ash cooling at the output of generator. The claimed method for multicircuit circulation gasification of organic wastes has a great national economic value in terms of ecology and economics improvement. The method allows to increase efficiency coefficient of gasification of organic wastes by 20%, wherein payback period for installation having productivity of 1-2 tones per hour is 1.2-1.6 years. Besides, isolation of heavy resins and water from generator gas and subsequent decomposition thereof allows increasing calorific efficiency of initial generator gas up to 1300-1400 ccal/m, wherein facilities are provided for ecologically safe, nonwaste production which is energetically self-sufficient.