Patent GB-849522-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a process for the treatment of cellulose materials
Inventor: ERICKS WALTER PAUL
IPC: D06M15/41
Filed: 1956-12-17
Abstract: Cellulosic materials, to stabilise them against dimensional changes due to varying humidity conditions, are treated with an aqueous solution of an ammonium or volatile amine salt of a carboxylic acid containing, besides the carboxyl group, at least one more carboxyl group and/or at least one hydroxyl group and heating to drive off the ammonia or amine, the treatment leaving an amount of the salt of from 2 to 50% by weight of the dried material.  Heating temperatures of 100 DEG  to 150 DEG C. are specified. Among the acids specified are adipic, malic, maleic, azelaic, phthalic, isosebacic, dihydroxystearic and salicylic acids and the acid di-esters from 2 mols of dibasic acids with one mol of a dihydroxy compound such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, or of glycerol.  Also specified are di-esters of such polyhydric compounds with the adduct of maleic acid and abietic acid.  Also specified are polyesters prepared, for example, from excess of one of the previously mentioned dicarboxylic acids (or their anhydrides) and one of the previously mentioned polyhydric alcohols.  Amine bases specified are methyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, ethyl-, diethyl- and triethyl- and propyl-amines.  The treating composition may also contain an emulsion of a microcrystalline or other wax, a rubber latex, polyethylene glycol 1500, or a phenol-formaldehyde, cresol formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resin precondensate or the resin obtained by reacting cresylic acid, formalin and di-ethylamine.  The material treated may be regenerated cellulose cloth, regenerated cellulose film, paper pulp, paper, fibre board or wood.  A resin which may be included in the treating composition may be obtained by boiling together phenol, formaldehyde and potassium hydroxide and adding water, ammonium dichromate and ammonium hydroxide to precipitate a resin. Another resin may be obtained by heating together cresylic acid, formalin and diethylamine until 84 DEG C. is reached.  A resin separates on cooling.  Specification 846,098 is referred to.ALSO:Ammonium and lower aliphatic amines salts of organic compounds containing a carboxylic group and at least one additional carboxylic and/or hydroxy group are prepared by reaction of the base with the acid.  Specified amines are the methylamines, ethylamines and propyl amines.  The carboxylic acid compounds may be aliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acids, including those obtained by the Diels-Alder reaction of maleic acid or its anhydride and analogous compounds with compounds containing conjugated double bonds and which themselves may contain carboxylic groups and reaction products of aliphatic polyhydric alcohols, including polyoxy alkylene glycols, with poly carboxylic acids, the products containing free carboxylic groups or both carboxylic and hydroxyl groups.  Numerous examples of such carboxylic acid compounds are given, such as eleostearic acid, iso sebacic acid, salicylic acid and the adduct of maleic anhydride with eleostearic acid, polyethylene glycol 200-adipic acid mono ester, 2-butyne-1, 4-diol phthalic acid monoester, and diethylene glycolmaleic acid di-ester.  The preparation of a number of these carboxylic acid compounds is described and typically: (10) an adduct is prepared by heating eleostearic acid with maleic anhydride at 130 DEG  C.; (27) water soluble acid-esters are obtained on heating a mixture of polyethylene glycol 200, maleic and phthalic anhydrides and adipic acid; (29) 2-ethyl hexanediol-1, 3 is added to molten phthalic anhydride and heated to give the acid mono ester; (30) ethylene glycol is esterified with a mixture of azelaic and undecanedioic acids; (55) glycerol is reacted with adipic acid and the glycerol diadipate is converted into its triethylamine salt.ALSO:Cellulosic materials, to stabilize them against dimensional changes due to varying humidity conditions, are treated with an aqueous solution of an ammonium or volatile amine salt of a carboxylic acid containing, besides the carboxyl group, at least one more carboxyl group and/or at least one hydroxyl group and heating to drive off the ammonia or amine, the treatment leaving an amount of the salt of 2 to 50% by weight of the dried material. Heating temperatures of 100 DEG  to 150 DEG C. are specified.  Among the acids specified are adipic, malic, maleic, azelaic, phthalic, isosebacic, dihydroxystearic and salicylic acids and the acid di-esters from 2 mols of dibasic acids with one mol of a dihydroxy compound such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, or of glycerol.  Also specified are di-esters of such polyhydric compounds with the adduct of maleic acid and abietic acid.  Amine bases specified are methyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, ethyl-, diethyl-and triethyl- and propyl-amines.  The treating composition may also contain an emulsion of a microcrystalline or other wax, a rubber latex or a phenol-formaldehyde, cresol formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resin precondensate or the resin obtained by reacting cresylic acid, formalin and di-ethylamine.  The material treated may be regenerated cellulose cloth.  In Example 26, a regenerated cellulose cloth is impregnated with an aqueous solution containing the ammonium salt of glycerolsebacic acid monoester, the ammonium salt of ethylene-glycol-sebacic acid monoester, a water soluble melamine formaldehyde resin and polyethylene glycol 1500, dried and heated.  Specification 846,098 is referred to.