Patent GB-1058762-A (GB)
Title: Catalytic hydrocarbon conversion
IPC: C10G11/05
Filed: 1963-07-15
Abstract: An aluminosilicate having from 0.5 to 1.0 equivalents of cations of at least one rare earth element per gm. atom of aluminium is incorporated into a porous matrix, e.g. an inorganic oxide gel, such that the composition contains less than 4% by weight of sodium, preferably less than 4% by weight of total alkali metal content, and the composition utilized as a catalyst. The composition may contain from 1 to 95% and preferably 2 to 80% by weight of the aluminosilicate.  The rare earth metal content may be introduced before or after incorporation in the porous matrix by an ion exchange process in which the aluminosilicate is contacted with a liquid preferably aqueous solution containing rare earth metal ions. Other metal ions may be present, preferably divalent ions, e.g. Ca, Mg, or Mn, but the product preferably contains 0.8 to 1.0 equivalents of rare earth metal, no more than 0.25 equivalents of alkali metal, with any remaining equivalents being satisfied by the above divalent ions. The rare earth metals are defined as Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Yt, and Lu.  All cation-exchanging aluminosilicates appear to be suitable, but preferred forms are the substituted ammonium, e.g. ZK-4 and ZK-5 preparative details of which are included in the Specification, and the alkali metal alumino-silicates having an Al/Si ratio of 3 to 6.  Prior to use, the catalyst composition may be dried and calcined, and if desired treated with steam at 80 DEG  to 500 DEG  F.  Promoters which may be included in the composition are listed in the Specification.  The catalyst of the invention is utilized in catalytic hydrocarbon conversion processes, a number of such processes are listed, but the cracking of a mid-Continent gas oil to produce gasoline is exemplified and particular reactions, e.g. alkylation of benzene with propylene, dodecene, ethyl chloride or dodecyl chloride; the de-alkylation of toluene, ethyl benzene and 2-methyl-pent-2-ene; and the isomerization of n-hexane and xylenes.ALSO:An aluminosilicate having from 0.5 to 1.0 equivalents of cations of at least one rare earth element per gm. atom of aluminium is incorporated into a porous matrix, e.g. an inorganic oxide gel, such that the composition contains less than 4% by weight of sodium, preferably less than 4% by weight of total alkali metal content, and the composition utilized as a catalyst. The composition may contain from 1 to 95% and preferably 2 to 80% by weight of the aluminosilicate.  The rare earth metal content may be introduced before or after incorporation in the porous matrix by an ion exchange process in which the aluminosilicate is contacted with a liquid preferably aqueous solution containing rare earth metal ions.  Other metal ions may be present, preferably divalent ions, e.g. Ca, Mg or Mn, but the product preferably contains 0.8 to 1.0 equivalents of rare earth metal, no more than 0.25 equivalents of alkali metal, with any remaining equivalents being satisfied by the above divalent ions.  The rare earth metals are defined as Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Yt and Lu.  All cation-exchanging aluminosilicates appear to be suitable, but preferred forms are the substituted ammonium, e.g. ZK-4 and ZK-5, preparative details of which are included in the Specification, and the alkali metal aluminosilicates having an Al/Si ratio of 3 to 6.  Prior to use the catalyst composition may be dried and calcined, and if desired treated with steam at 80 to 500 DEG F. Promoters which may be included in the composition are listed in the Specification.  The catalyst of the invention is utilized in catalytic hydrocarbon conversion processes, a number of such processes are listed, but the cracking of a Mid-Continent gas oil to produce gasoline is exemplified and particular reactions, e.g. alkylation of benzene with propylene, dodecene, ethyl chloride or dodecyl chloride; the dealkylation of toluene, ethylbenzene and 2-methyl pent-2-ene; the polymerization of ethylene propylene and 1-decene; the isomerization of n-hexane and xylenes; the formation of nitriles from toluene and ammonia; and the oxidation of benzene to phenol are mentioned.ALSO:An aluminosilicate having from 0.5 to 1.0 equivalents cations of at least one rare earth element per gm atom of aluminium is incorporated into a porous matrix, e.g. an inorganic oxide gel, such that the composition contains less than 4% by weight of sodium, preferably less than 4% by weight of total alkali metal content, and the composition utilised as a catalyst.  The composition may contain from 1 to 95% and preferably 2 to 80% by weight of the aluminosilicate.  The rare earth metal content may be introduced before or after incorporation in the porous matrix by an ion exchange process in which the aluminosilicate is contacted with a liquid preferably aqueous solution containing rare earth metal ions.  Other metal ions may be present, preferably divalent ions e.g. Ca, Mg, or Mn, but the product preferably contains 0.8 to 1.0 aquivalents of rare earth metal, no more than 0.25 equivalents of alkali metal, with any remaining equivalents being satisfied by the above divalent ions. The rare earth metals are defined as Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Yt, and Lu.  All cation-exchanging aluminosilicates appear to be suitable but preferred forms are the substituted ammonium, e.g. ZK-4 and ZK-5, preparative details of which are included in the Specification, and the alkali metal aluminosilicates having a Al/Si ratio of 3 to 6.  Prior to use, the catalyst composition may be dried at 80 to 500 DEG F.  Promoters which may be in-and calcined, and if desired treated with steam cluded in the composition are listed in the Specification.