Patent GB-363772-A (GB)
Title: Speed-changing mechanism for motor car gearings
IPC: F16H3/10
Filed: 1930-10-30
Abstract: 363,772. Change-speed gearing freewheel clutches. NEURATH, E., 53, Franz-Josefs Kai, Vienna. Oct. 30, 1930, No. 32608. [Class 80 (ii).] In constant-mesh change-speed gearing suit. able for vehicles the changes are effected by engaging free-wheel clutches, which are positively prevented from engaging until the vehicle overruns the engine. No engine clutch is necessary, and, in changing, the engine is decelerated. In Figs. 1 and 2 the invention is shown applied in countershaft gearing to direct drive and first reduced speed. A hollow cylinder 7 carried by the engine shaft 1 carries grip rollers 9 in cam pockets 30. The rollers are biased by a cage 8 pulled by a spring 16 towards the shallow parts of the pockets 30, as shown in Fig. 2. The direct drive is engaged by sliding a cylinder 11 on splines on the driven shaft 6 under the rollers 9. The direction of rotation being as shown by arrow p, so long as the part 7 is turning faster than the cylinder 11, any attempt to thrust the cylinder 11 under is frustrated by inwardly protruding arcs of the rollers 9. When the cylinder 11 overruns the roller-carrier 7, it carries the rollers to deeper parts of the pockets 30, and then slips freely under the rollers, completing one-way driving engagement. The one-way drive may be locked to allow the engine to be used as a brake by thrusting the cylinder 11 in far enough to cause dogs 13 on its end to engage dogs 12 inside the member 7. In order to prevent noise and wear while the freewheel clutches are overrunning, the cage 8 is made such a fit in relation to the cylinder 11 that at high speeds the former is carried with the latter by the viscosity of oil and against spring 16 so as to bring the rollers 9 to position II. The rollers are then in the deepest parts of the pockets, and, being clear of the cylinder 11, are not rotated idly. In Figs. 4 and 5, a double clutch sliding on countershaft 2 effects first or lowest and middle speeds. The grip rollers 9 are carried by an inner pocketed slidably splined member 7, and the cage 8 is biased by push-spring 16 to bring the rollers to the shallow parts of the pockets 30. The arrow p shows the direction, and the rollers 9 are prevented from passing into hollow cylinders 11<1>, 11<2> until, by overrunning, one of the latter can transfer the rollers to deeper parts of the pockets 30. The member 7 is slid to left or right by way of a key 19. In order that the first speed may be engaged when the parts are at rest, independent means are provided for turning the cage 8 against the spring 16 when member 7 is slid to the right. To this end, a cam groove (not shown) integral with the cage is adapted to strike a cam incline 21 fast on the shaft 2. Dogs 13 on the member 7 are adapted to engage dogs 12 inside the members 11<1>, 11<2> to lock the free-wheel clutch, as in the other arrangement. To facilitate clutch engagement, bevelled ends 14 of the rollers 9 are adapted to engage bevels 15 on the edges of the hollow members 11<1>, 11<2>. In order to diminish wear at these bevels, the bevels 15 may be carried on rings which can turn relatively to the members 11<1>, 11<2>. An arrangement is described in which such a loose bevel ring has a one-way connection with the hollow member 11<1>.