Patent GB-1376638-A (GB)
Title: Synthetic plastics melt temperature control
IPC: B29C48/92
Filed: 1972-02-17
Abstract: 1376638 Injection moulding machines GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 17 Feb 1972 [1 Nov 1971] 7441/72 Heading B5A [Also in Division G3] In an injection moulding machine the temperature of a plastics melt as sensed by a thermocouple 35 (Fig. 1B), is automatically maintained at a desired value as pre-set on a pot 71 (Fig. 1A), by selective adjustment, by respective control means, of parameters which affect the melt temperature, i.e.-(i) the force applied to a screw 17 by a piston 33 and acting in the longitudinal axial direction of the screw against back pressure of the plastics melt in a chamber 31, the screw being used as a piston to force the melt through a nozzle 27 (in addition to compressing and shearing pellets of plastics material from a hopper 25 and feeding the material toward the chamber 31), (ii) the rotational speed of a motor 21 which drives the screw, (iii) the heat output of heaters 13 which serve to prevent dissipation of heat through the walls of the injector barrel 11. Selection logic circuitry determines which one particular control means is operative at a particular time. Priorities are established in selecting the function or parameter which controls the machine to correct the melt temperature, the first priority being assigned to the pressure control, the second to screw speed control to make additional correction, and the third to the heater temperature control. Automatic adjustment of the melt temperature is prevented until the temperature stabilizes, the instantaneous sensed temperature value from thermocouple 35 being compared with a stored value thereof and a binary signal being sent by a circuit 55 to AND gates 61, 63, 65, when no difference exists therebetween for a predetermined time. The second input to these gates are pulses from a heater gate timer 43, a screw speed gate timer 45 and back pressure gate timer 47 respectively. A sequence controller 41 sends timing signals to the timers. The third inputs to each of the AND gates is a pulse train derived by a voltage/ frequency converter 79 from the difference between the actual melt temperature and the desired temperature determined by a summer junction 67. The pulses have either a given low frequency value or a given high frequency value depending upon whether the temperature difference is below or above a predetermined value, a two step gain change unit 77 processing the difference value fed to the V/f converter. When any of the AND gates 61, 63, 65 receive three binary one inputs the pulses are passed to a respective up and down counter 81, 83, 85. The content of a counter is indicative of the magnitude of adjustment to be effected by the respective control means. Thus the contents of the counters are converted to voltage signals by D/A converters 91, 92, 93 respectively. The voltage signals are compared with respective reference values pre-set in pots 99, 103, 107 and resultant signals are used to up-date the heater, screw speed and back pressure control means 15, 87, 89 respectively. As stated above, the selection of which control means is to operate is determined by logic circuits (Figs. 1C, 1D, not shown), and this is effected in dependence upon the contents of each of the counters 81, 83, 85. With conditions normal the counters are all half-full, (i.e. a count of 128). Flow charts which show graphically the selection of the mode of control effected by the logic circuits, are illustrated in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 (not shown).