baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1071142-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for the decantation of liquids
IPC: C02F1/52
Filed: 1964-08-27
Abstract: Water or other liquid to which a coagulation reagent has been added is introduced into a decantation zone at a rate of flow which is sinusoidally modulated; sediment is formed in the zone, and a portion of it is removed and re-injected into the zone at a rate of flow which is also sinusoidally modulated, but not in the same phase as the water flow.  Preferably the phase difference is p /2.  The cycle of operations thereby produced consists of four stages: a working stage, during which a sludge bed (for upward flow of liquid therethrough) is formed; an expansion stage, during which some treated liquid and some sludge are removed separately from the apparatus; a further working stage, during which further sludge is formed by agglomeration of particles; and a compression stage, during which heavy particles from the sludge bed descend into, and are segregated in, concentrators which constitute quiescent zones; (it is from these concentrators that sludge is removed during the expansion stage).  To enable smooth operation to be established, the flow-controlling devices are duplicated, one set of devices working in opposite phase to the other.  Operation and control  The liquid and sludge are moved in "feed" devices by compressed air provided by a continuously-operating compressor, and the sinusoidal effect is produced by permitting some of this air to leak to the atmosphere through escape valves which are progressively opened and closed.  The opening and closing are performed by rotary mechanism whose direction of rotation is periodically and automatically reversed.  Connection of the feed devices to either the compressed air supply or the escape valves is governed by remote-controlled valves operated electrically in sequence by a cam-and-contact unit driven by the above-mentioned rotary mechanism.  A control desk is provided.  The time-period of a complete sinusoidal variation, the flow amplitude (i.e., difference between maximum and minimum flow rate) and the phase difference between liquid flow and sludge flow, may all be varied.
Patent GB-1317785-A (GB)
Title: Pneumatic tyres
IPC: B60C11/03
Filed: 1970-07-21
Abstract: 1317785 Wheel tyres MICHELIN & CIE (COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABS MICHELIN) 21 July 1970 [21 July 1969] 35366/70 Heading B7C A pneumatic tyre has repeating tread grooves 1 which extend from edge to edge of the tread band and which make with the mid-circumferential plane X-X<SP>1</SP> of the tyre, on each side of that plane, an angle which increases progressively or incrementally with increasing distance from the mid-circumferential plane, each of the tread grooves 1 being orientated in the same sense where they cross the plane XX<SP>1</SP>. In a preferred embodiment, the tread grooves 1 extend along paths which exhibit two-fold rotational symmetry about any axis formed by the coincidence of any radial plane containing the axis of the tyre and the plane X-X<SP>1</SP> and which make with the plane X-X<SP>1</SP> an angle which increases progressively or incrementally with increasing distance from the plane X-X<SP>1</SP>. The grooves 1 may be completely independent of one another or they may be connected to each other at one or both of their ends by a circumferentially extending groove 3 and they may also be connected together in the central part of the tread band by substantially transversely extending grooves. The grooves 1 are made up of substantially rectilinear segments 4, 5, 6 and 7 and ribs or blocks defined by the grooves 1 are provided with slits 8. The depth of the grooves 1 is substantially constant, as is their crosssectional area as measured in a direction parallel to the plane X-X<SP>1</SP>. The circumferential length of the grooves 1 is between one half and twice the circumferential length of the contact patch with the road. At all points along the length of a groove 1, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the groove measured at right-angles to its length and the sine of the angle of inclination to the plane X-X<SP>1</SP> is either substantially constant or increases with increasing distance from this plane. Further, the ratio of the width of a groove 1 measured at right angles to its length and the sine of the angle of inclination to the plane X-X<SP>1</SP> is either substantially constant or increases with increasing distance from this plane.
Patent GB-939341-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pipe couplings
Inventor: WALKER ERIC
IPC: F16L19/02
Filed: 1958-11-05
Abstract: 939,341. Pipe couplings. GENEVAC Ltd. Feb. 4, 1960 [Nov. 5, 1958], No. 35475/58. Class 99(1). In a coupling of the kind which comprises separable coupling means such as a 2-part screw union 10, 13, Fig. 1, or a pair of complementary flanges 22, 25 and clamping bolts 30, Fig. 2, one screw union part or one flange being integral with a " fitting " part such as a valve, junction piece or piece of equipment incorporating a housing 11a for a compressible packing element 12 complementary to a pipe or a nipple 17 thereon to form a seal, the fitting part of the coupling is rebated to a clearance fit diameter relative to the end of the pipe the outer end of such rebate being shaped to house the packing and the other part of the coupling being shaped to receive either a nipple adapted to fit into the rebate of the " fitting " part aforesaid or a compression ring 20 slidable on the pipe so as to leave the pipe end projecting therethrough, the rebated extension of the nipple or the projecting pipe end providing complementary location in the rebate of the " fitting " part and the shoulder of the nipple rebate, or the ring 20, providing compression means for the packing to seal in the housing and against the extension or pipe end.
Patent GB-1309822-A (GB)
Title: Agricultural implements
IPC: A01D67/00
Filed: 1970-07-22
Abstract: 1309822 Coupling agricutural implements to tractors TEXAS INDUSTRIES Inc 22 July 1970 [25 July 1969] 35613/70 Headings A1P and A1F A transverse beam, mounted on the linkage of a tractor, is coupled to an agricultural implement, using a quickly-releasable connection at one end of the beam, which connection includes a means for transmitting power from the tractor to the implement. In one embodiment, Figs. 1 and 2, the quickly-releasable connection comprises a tapering portion 10, fixed to one end of the beam 6, which is received into a funnel shaped member 11 in the implement. Power is transmitted from the tractor 8 through gearing 15, 16, 19, 20 and shafts 13, 17, 18 and 21 to one portion 23 of a ratchet clutch 24, held in engagement with a second portion 25 by a spring 28, with limited axial movement of portion 25 afforded by slot 28A on the hub of this portion and pin 28B mounted on a shaft 26, which communicates with the power driven parts of the implement. A hooked member 29 is pivotably mounted on the beam 6 and engages a pin 31 on the implement to retain the tapering portion 10 in the funnel shaped member 11, the hooked member being disengaged by manipulation of a lever 37 or hydraulic means 44 Fig. 5 (not shown). A draw bar 46 may be used to transport the implement when in its inoperative position, Fig. 6 (not shown). In another embodiment, Figs. 9 and 10, side plates 54 of the beam extension 53 are received between plates 57 on the implement, and member 55 is received in a rib 58A of plate 58, and held in that position by a member 62 passing through plate 58 and abutting the extension 53. A power transmission means similar to that above is used, i.e. gearing and a ratchet clutch 78. The implement, which may be a forage harvester, beet or potato harvesting machine, combine harvester or baling machine, could be supported wholly from the tractor linkage, or could be provided with ground wheels, in which case, on vertical adjustment of the tractor linkage, the implement would pivot about the ground wheels, providing vertical adjustment of the cutting or feeding member at the front end of the implement. In use, the implement which may be mounted on either side of the tractor, may feed a collecting wagon hitched to the rear of the implement or directly to the tractor.
Patent GB-798857-A (GB)
Title: Pipe-joint
Inventor: HASLAM ERNEST
IPC: F16L19/02
Filed: 1955-12-13
Abstract: 798,857. Pipe joints. DREH PATENTS, Ltd. Dec. 13, 1956 [Dec. 13, 1955], No. 35699/55. Class 99(1). In forming a joint between plain pipes 1, 4 the pipe 1 is surrounded by a loosely-fitting sleeve screw-threaded internally and externally so as to have a zig-zag or sharply sinuous, longitudinal, wall section and the mouth 1<SP>1</SP> of that pipe is expanded to produce a tight fit within the sleeve. A plain sleeve 3, preferably tapered inwardly as shown, is introduced into the mouth 1<SP>1</SP> and the pipe 4 is passed through the sleeve 3 and into the pipe 1 after which a cap 5 is screwed onto the sleeve 2 to abut against the sleeve 3 and to tighten the joint. Specification 719,143 is referred to.
Patent GB-801620-A (GB)
Title: Grown junction type transistors and method of making same
Inventor: JONES MORTON EDWARD
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1956-11-22
Abstract: 801,620. Silicon transistors. TEXAS INSTRUMENTS, Inc. Nov. 22, 1956, No. 35781/56. Class 37. Silicon N-P-N junction transistors are made by pulling (preferably in an atmosphere of helium) from a melt containing a small amount of a Group V element, adding to the melt a small amount of a Group III element, drawing a P- region over the existing N-region, adding to the melt an excess of a Group V element and drawing a further N-region over the P-region. Preferably the original melt contains 1.0-4.0 mg. of Sb per 50 g. of Si, Al is added to give a concentration of 0.75-3 mg. of Al per 25 g. of Si, and finally As is added to give at least 50 mg. per 25 g. of Si. The first N-region (collector) then contains 0.5-2.0 x 10<SP>-7</SP> Sb atoms, the base 2.5-10 Î 10<SP>-7</SP> Al atoms together with Sb, and the second N-region (emitter) at least 4 x 10<SP>-5</SP> As atoms together with Sb and Al per atom of silicon. The resistivities of the collector and base regions are 0.5-2.0 ohm-cm. and that of the emitter region not more than 0.01 ohm-cm. The crystal so formed is cut into segments and etched, preferably with a mixture of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and bromine, when the emitter (11) becomes glossy and the collector (13) rough, revealing the intermediate P-layer (Fig. 1b). The ends are nickelplated and the end of an aluminium wire pressed against the P-region while the crystal is heated in an atmosphere of helium. The wire softens and alloys itself with the silicon, a certain amount of the adjoining N-regions being converted to P-type in the process (Fig. 2). A second aluminium wire may, if desired, be attached to the opposite side of the crystal in the same way. A final etching process removes any direct contact between the wire and the emitter and collector regions.
Patent GB-983658-A (GB)
Title: Temperature compensating means for liquid damped gyroscopic instrument
IPC: G01C19/04
Filed: 1962-09-20
Abstract: 983, 658. Gyroscopic apparatus. BENDIX CORPORATION. Sept. 20, 1962 [Sept.25, 1961], No. 35868/62. Heading G1C. Gyroscopic apparatus comprises a gyroscopic element in the form of a gimbal structure 18 supported for rotation in a sealed housing 12, means defining a variable restriction 156 within the housing externally of the structure 18 including a first shear plate 152 secured to the structure 18 and a second shear plate 146 secured for sliding movement inside the housing 12 to a bellows assembly 62, a damping liquid 160 e.g. Dow Corning Series 200 silicone liquid, filling the housing 12, the assembly 62 comprising three separately deformable sections, and means restricting the deformations of the sections to predetermined separate temperature ranges, whereby the overall deformation of the member and consequent variation of the restriction over the full temperature range will simulate a predetermined law of variation of damping factor as a junction of temperature. The gimbal structure 18 is supported for rotation about the axis AA on torsion bars 34, 46 which are screwed into the structure 18 and fixed plates 15 and 55 respectively. The shear plate 152 has a frusto-conical surface 154 positioned opposite a co-operating frusto-conical surface 150 of the shear plate 146. The shear plate 146 is connected by three equally spaced rods 140 passing through the plate 55 to a plate 110 connected to the bellows assembly 62. The three sections of the assembly 62 are divided by plates 92, 74 each section having a metal bellows 126, 100, 81 enclosing an evacuated space 128, 102, 82 respectively. Each bellows is expanded by a coil spring 130, 104, 84. It has been found that to obtain a constant damping effect on the structure 18, the width of the restriction 156 must be decreased exponentially with temperature. The volume of the liquid 160 increases linearly with temperature and this increase in volume contracts the bellows assembly 62, the spring rates of the springs 130, 104, 84 being arranged to approximately provide the required rate of decrease in the width of the restriction 156. Starting from the lowest operational temperature, as temperature increases the increase in volume of the liquid 160 compresses the spring 130 until a stop 132 engages the plate 92, when further increase in volume will compress the spring 104. After a stop 106 prevents further compression of the spring 104, the spring 84 will be compressed. The movements of the bellows assembly 62 are communicated to the shear plate 146 to reduce the width of the restriction 156, and the springs are arranged to be compressed in turn to approximate closely to a particular part of the exponential curve for the change in width of the restriction 156 in the temperature. More than three bellows may be provided if desired. The movements of the structure 18 are picked off by use of a rotor 24 and stator 27.
Patent GB-806040-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to distributors for fertilizer and other granular materials
IPC: A01C15/00
Filed: 1956-11-23
Abstract: 806,040. Fertilizer distributers. INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. A.B. Nov. 23, 1956 [Dec. 13, 1955], No. 35927/56. Class 6(1). A fertilizer distributer comprises a fan 7 totatable about a vertical axis and situated below a container 4 and spreader spouts 5 arranged tangentially to the fan casing, the spouts which are arranged transversally on the machine being longer than the spouts arranged longitudinally of the machine. As shown the fan 7 is rotatably mounted on a hollow shaft 6 and is driven by belt gearing 10, 11 from a pulley wheel mounted on a shaft comnected to a tractor power shaft. The fan 7 drives through gearing, a feeding plate 16 which feeds material into the spouts 5. A vertically raisable cylindrical plate 28 controls the flow of material from the plate 16 and is adjusted by means of a shaft 31 and lever 33. Plates 26 are mounted in the spouts 5 for deflecting the material downwardly and the plates 26 may be provided with deflectors 27.
Patent GB-628403-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the purification of naphthalene
IPC: B01D9/00
Filed: 1946-12-05
Abstract: Naphthalene containing oily impurities is crystallized and purified on introducing in the molten or vapour state into a cold or cool aliphatic alcohol having not more than four carbon atoms or a mixture of such alcohols, the alcohol being substantially anhydrous, maintained cold or cool if necessary, and present in an amount such that the greater part of the naphthalene crystallizes substantially instantaneously on contact with the alcohol while the impurities are dissolved together with only a small amount of impure naphthalene. The resultant crystals of naphthalene are preferably maintained in motion in the alcohol so as to wash them and prevent the occlusion of impurities in crystal aggregates. Methyl alcohol is the preferred alcohol and when it is used a temperature within the range of 20 DEG to 45 DEG  C. is preferred.  An anhydrous alcohol is stated to be one with less than 1 per cent of water.  Crude naphthalene should have a naphthalene content of at least 25 per cent, preferably 55 per cent, and molten naphthalene derived from a fractional distillation of coal tar may be treated.  The process may be made continuous by recycling the alcohol until it is nearly saturated with impurities, or by withdrawing a portion of impure alcohol and adding fresh alcohol for make-up purposes.  In an illustration 100 parts by weight of crude naphthalene derived from vertical retort tar and with a boiling range of 211 DEG  to 220 DEG  C. is fed at 100 DEG  C. into 140 parts by weight of cold anhydrous methyl alcohol, the crystals formed being agitated and air-dried after collection.  The methyl alcohol is recycled and maintained at 35 DEG  C. at the point of naphthalene entry.  In a further illustration a similar naphthalene fraction is treated as above after initial refrigeration.  According to the Provisional Specification solid naphthalene may also be treated.
Patent GB-522612-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to snap-action electric switches
IPC: H01H19/635
Filed: 1938-12-12
Abstract: 522,612. Snap-action switches. WALSALL CONDUITS, Ltd., and GOUGH, E. Dec. 12, 1938, No. 36173. [Class 38 (v)] The rectilinearly-moving contact member 29 is operated by rotation of a spindle 31 carrying a lug 42 which moves with lost motion between shoulders 41 on a member 35 controlled by a dead-centre spring 37 and the member 35 is connected with lost motion with an arm 44 which enters a slot in the contact member 29 and drives it. The member 29 consists of an insulating plate 29 carrying contacts 30 adapted to bridge pairs of fixed contacts 20, 21. Each contact 30 is V-shaped and its sides are slightly separated from the plate 29 as shown.
Patent GB-1397548-A (GB)
Title: Stirling cycle heat engines
IPC: F02G1/043
Filed: 1971-08-02
Abstract: 1397548 Stirling cycle engines UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY 17 July 1972 [2 Aug 1971] 36317/71 Heading F1S A stirling cycle heat engine comprises a closed vessel 3 hot and cold variable volume chambers H, C intercommunicating through a regenerator 2 through which gas is displaced between the chambers in a reciprocating manner, a gas displacement member 4 and a gas actuated member 5, the members being disposed are behind the other and located independently of one another with at least the gas displacement member disposed within the vessel, resilient supports 6, 7 flexibly supporting the members with at least one of the members supported radially by the supports, the resilience of the supports permitting working movement of the members by oscillation towards and away from each other, one H of the hot and cold chambers being formed between the gas displacement member and the adjacent end of the vessel, the other C of the hot and cold chambers being formed between adjacent parts of the two members and means for converting oscillating movement of the members into useful work. As shown the vessel 3 is supported by flexible stays 18 so that it "floats" in mid air. A tuning mass 19 disposed within the piston member 4 provides an anchorage for radially disposed tuning springs 20. In a modification (not shown) the engine incorporates a flexible mechanical structure for permitting movement of the walls of the hot and cold chambers and resilient coupling means for converting some of the output of the engine into  a force which maintains reciprocating displacement of gas between the chambers. Other modifications are described. The engine may comprise a radioisotope heat source. The engine is preferably constructed of stainless steel but much of each engine may be constructed from quartz or ceramic material. The working medium may be helium or hydrogen. Specification 1252258 is referred to.
Patent GB-1475994-A (GB)
Title: Plant growth medium
IPC: A01G1/00
Filed: 1974-07-25
Abstract: 1475994 Plant growth medium FISONS Ltd 25 July 1974 [31 July 1973] 36324/73 Heading C1B A plant growth medium comprises a layer 1 of foamed resin incorporating a plant nutrient 2 and/or a material which can be penetrated by plant roots, a layer of seeds 4, and a layer of binder 5. A layer of fertiliser and/or peat 3 may be provided between the resin and the seeds. The resin may be polyurethane and may have an open pored structure and the incorporated material may be peat and may be concentrated at the top of the resin layer. The binder may comprise a soil stabiliser and/or a urea/ aldehyde condensate and may impregnate the growth medium. Means, e.g. a surface skin to the resin, may be provided to render the medium more rigid, and plant root impervious basal layer may be provided. Where a resin with a surface skin has been used it may be cut before application of seeds to expose an open pored surface.
Patent GB-846215-A (GB)
Title: A tooth brush having an exchangeable, mechanically actuated, rotary, cylindrical brush
IPC: F16C1/06
Filed: 1958-11-12
Abstract: 846,215. Toothbrushes. POMA, G. G. Z. Nov. 12,1958, No. 36341/58. Class 19. An electric motor 18 and a belt, pulley and shaft drive 19, 20, 21, 15, 14 to a flexible cable 10 driving a cylindrical toothbrush rotatably mounted in a hand grip are mounted on a bush 5 extending through an opening 3 in a moulded, plastics pedestal 1. The bush 5 is clamped to the pedestal by a nut 24. The belt 21 and bush 5 are of electrical non-conducting material, whilst in the bush 5 are self-lubricating bearings for the shaft extending through the bush. A press switch 2 controlling the motor 18 is mounted on the pedestal.
Patent GB-820558-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to truck handling devices
Inventor: CUVINOT PAUL
IPC: B61J3/00
Filed: 1956-11-28
Abstract: 820,558. Tipping apparatus. PREPARATION INDUSTRIELLE DES COMBUSTIBLES. Nov. 28, 1956, No. 36427/56. Class 78 (4). The speed of advance of a train of trucks into a tipper designed to tip the trucks without uncoupling, is substantially reduced before each truck arrives in the tipping position, whereby a smooth and accurate stoppage of each truck is obtained. The tipper 1 is served by creepers 2, 3 driven by chains 4, 5 and reduction gears 6, 7 from hydraulic motors 8, 9, mounted in series and fed from a generator 10 driven by an electric motor 11. An electrically-operated valve 12 can send fluid from the generator 10 through a closed circuit 14 or through a circuit 13 to drive both creepers simultaneously. The output of generator 10 is controlled by known means to increase its output substantially just after starting the creepers and to return to its previous low level just before a truck reaches the tipping position. As the truck reaches the tipping position valve 12 diverts the fluid into the closed circuit 14 and the creepers stop.
Patent GB-1161868-A (GB)
Title: Winshield Washer Reservoir with Integral Pump.
IPC: B60S1/48
Filed: 1968-07-31
Abstract: 1,161,868. Windscreen washers. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. 31 July, 1968 [8 Aug., 1967], No. 36446/68. Heading A4F. [Also in Division F1] A windscreen washer pump unit comprising a rotary impeller 33 and an electric driving motor 29, is mounted completely within a cylindrical recess 18 adjacent the bottom of and extending inwardly from a side wall 19 of a reservoir for cleaning liquid. The motor 29 is enclosed within a housing 28 through which the motor shaft 31 projects and a cap seal member 34, provided between the impeller 33 and the housing 28, fits tightly within the recess 18 to form the impeller chamber 36. Cleaning liquid enters the chamber 36 through a screen 26 in an aperture 25 and is discharged through an outlet 37 connected to spray nozzles (not shown). The pump unit 27 is retained within the recess 18 by a pronged ring 38.