Patent GB-191102727-A (GB)
Title: Electric Lighting System.
Inventor: FITZ ERVIN MOUL
IPC: H02J1/08
Filed: 1911-02-02
Granted: 1911-10-26
Abstract: 2727. Fitz, E. M. Feb. 2. Lightinig systems; systems of charging and discharging galvanic batteries.-In electric lighting by incandescent lamps, such as by tungsten and tantalum lamps, having filaments which are brittle when cold and tough when hot, the supply circuits are so arranged that, while a lamp is not being fed with a lighting current, a heating-current is delivered to it at a lower voltage. The Specification describes several arrangements in which storage batteries form the current source and a diminished number of cells or a separate battery supplies the heating- current. The lamp circuits include switches as shown in Fig. 2, the terminals b2, b3, being connected to the lamp lead A1, and the terminals b1, b4 being connected by leads A, C, to the lighting and heating current sources respectively ; a bridging-piece b makes contact between b1, b2 or b3, b4 so that the lamps are always supplied with current. The invention is also shown applied to a system in which the main battery is in two sections charged in series and discharged in parallel, a special connexion being provided in some cases at the switch which changes the battery connexions, to ensure that the protective circuits, that is those supplying the heating current, shall be automatically made when the batteries are set for charging. The former arrangement is shown in Fig. 4. The upper position of the switch G places the lighting-leads A, Ao across the bus-bars E8, E7, the battery sections D3, D, being in parallel with each other and with the bus-bars E8, E, and discharging; in the lower position, the switch G puts the battery sections D3, D4 in series between the bus-bars E1, E2, which are connected by leads E5, E6 to the bus-bars E7, E8 supplying current for charging while the lighting-circuits are disconnected, and the switches in the leads A1, A2, A3 must be turned so as to connect the cells d to the lamps to supply the heating-current. If the switch G is replaced by the switch H, Fig. 5, connected as shown and having also a connexion C7 to the lead C in Fig. 4, the heating current connexion is automatically made when the switch is set for charging. The source of two-voltage current may be an independent battery charged by the lighting current in one of the lamp circuits, as shown in Fig. 6. The switch I corresponds to the switch H, the connexion C, of the latter being omitted. The return lighting-current from one lamp circuit A, passes by a lead C, through the separate battery d4 and a lead C0, which also provides the protective connexion for this circuit and is connected to the regulator lead E6. A separate battery for the heating- current may be charged in series with the main battery sections, an automatic protective connexion being provided at the same time by the arrangement shown in Fig. 7. A lead C8 forms the protective connexion as shown in Fig. 5, while the lighting-circuit is interrupted, and is placed in circuit in the lower position of the switch J by means of a contact j<9>, which is coupled to a lead E12 from the battery section D4, thus putting the sections D3, D4, and d4 in series between the bus-bars E1, E2. These last are, as before, connected to the bus-bars E7, E8 furnishing the charging-current. An extra connexion j<1> enables the cells d4 to be cut out when the battery sections D3, D4 are discharging in parallel, as shown in Fig. 5. With the circuits arranged as shown in Fig. 8, and a switch K, the sections D3, D4 are charged and discharged in series, the cells d4 being charged in series with them, and the protective connexion remaining as shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 shows an alternative arrangement to that shown in Fig. 7 with a switch M connected as shown. All the switches G ... M are simple double-throw switches having permanent connexions on the horizontal centre-line.