Patent GB-377697-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to record-card controlled stastistical machines
Filed: 1931-03-26
Abstract: 377,697. Statistical apparatus. SIEMENS & HALSKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. March 26, 1931, No. 9273. Convention date, March 27, 1930. [Class 106 (i).] A calculating mechanism for use in statistical apparatus for summing positive and negative amounts from the record cards comprises separate sections for the opposite amounts and means interconnected therewith for extracting the real positive or negative balance. A known form of mechanism shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is provided for reading the cards which are punched in accordance with a code the perforations being arranged in four columns representing the numbers 1, 2, 4, 8 respectively. The readings are transmitted to type-wheels 1 carrying pawls 3 each of which co-operates with a set of four control discs 5 .. 8 with specially arranged teeth 9 on their inner periphery and ratchet teeth 10 on the outer circumference. The sets of discs are mounted in a tubular body 4 which is slotted to receive pawls 20 mounted on the armatures 19 of electromagnets 23 one being provided for each denomination, The pawls 20, by engagement with the ratchet teeth 10, adjust the control discs under the influence of cam discs 27 .. 30 mounted on a spindle 66 rotated by gearing from a motor 38. The armatures 19 are mounted on a vertical pivot 26 and are displaced horizontally to co-operate with the control discs successively by means of a thrust rod 32 controlled by a cam 21 on the shaft 66. The shaft 66 carries other cam discs 32, 33, which serve to release the retaining pawls 54 of the control discs and to lock the shaft 66 until a card contact 41, Fig. 3, is closed. The cam discs 27 .. 30 control sets of contacts 42-43, 44-45, 46-47, and 48-49 in circuit with the card contacts 53, 52, 51, and 50. When a perforated card is introduced the closure of the card contact 41 frees the shaft 66 and the cam discs are rotated and by closure of the contacts 42 .. 49 in association with the card contacts operate the electromagnets 23 to adjust the control discs 5-8 in sequence. By this adjustment the pawls 3 of the type-wheels 1 are displaced from the teeth 9. The type-wheels are rotated by the motor 38 through friction clutches 68 until the pawls find a set of aligned teeth whereupon the type-wheels are arrested. After adjustment the item set up is printed by the operation of a printing hammer 17 whereupon the retaining pawls 54 are released and the control discs restored to normal position by spring controlled levers 13 engaging recesses 11 in the discs. The type-wheels of the adding and subtracting sections P, M, Fig. 12, according to the invention, have ten spaces for the numeral, type and a blank space, and carry gear wheels 71, Figs. 5 and 10, which drive through pinions 72 toothed wheels 73 rigidly connected with mutilated tooth wheels 74, Fig. 11, and notched discs 75. The mutilation 77 of the wheels 74 corresponds to two units to allow for the blank space in the type-wheels. Each of the wheels 74 is adapted to co-operate with a wheel 78 on an arm 80a of a three-armed change-over lever 80 pivoted on an axis 81. In the position shown in Fig. 5, the movement of the type-wheels is transmitted through the wheels 78 to corresponding wheels 84 with projecting pins 85 which wheels accumulate the items transmitted. Associated with each of the pin wheels 84 is a counterwheel 86 with which gears a wheel 79 on the arm 80b of the change-over lever 80, a clockwise movement of which into one or other of two positions, Figs. 5a and 5b, is effective to disengage the wheels 78 while maintaining the wheels 79 free from engagement with the transmission wheels 73 or to move the wheels 79 into engagement with the wheels 73. In the latter position the totals standing on the pin wheels can be transmitted back to the type-wheels for printing a total. The movement of the changeover lever 80 is effected by the engagement of the slotted end of the arm 80c with a control rod 109 mounted in a slot on a lever 110 pivoted to an axis 111 and controlled by a cam disc on a shaft 112 geared to an operating shaft 65, The lever 110 carries a pin 113 which engages the recess of a lever 115 pivoted on an axis 114 and provided with a hook-shaped end 116 adapted to co-operate with the rod 109. Transfer mechanism.-When a pin wheel 84 passes from the " 9 " to " 0 " position one of the pins 85 advances a ratchet wheel 87 on the corresponding counterwheel 86 and through gearing 92, 93 and a lever 94 rigid with the pinion 93 rocks a bell crank 101 about the spindle 102 carrying the wheels 78. Each bell-crank lever carries a projection 103 and a double headed pawl 105, 106 rotatable about its axis so as to permit its engagement with one or other of a pair of ratchet wheels on the toothed wheel 78 of next higher denomination while the tails of the pawls co-operate with one or other of a pair of fixed stops 107, 108. When the change-over lever has been moved to its intermediate position, Fig. 5a, with the wheels 78, 79 disengaged the projections 103 of the bell cranks are brought into the path of movement of pairs of scissor levers 119, 120 rotatably mounted on the axes 111, 114. The levers of each pair have slots engaging a pin 121 on a pivoted lever 123 controlled by a cam disc on the shaft 112, so arranged that when the levers 123 are rocked the scissor levers close in order to restore the displaced bell crank and transfer a unit to the next higher denomination. The levers 123 are operated in succession to effect subsequent transfers. Controlling printing of zeros. To prevent printing of zeros to the left of the highest significant figure of an item or amount a lever 128 rotatable about the axis 111 and controlled by a cam disc on the shaft 112 is provided. This lever carries a pin 129 which in the intermediate position of the change over lever 80 is effective to depress one end of a pivoted lever 130 the other end of which underlies a pin 132a on an elbow lever 132 pivoted on the shaft 133 of the wheels 73. The lever 132 supports a control rod 134, Figs. 5a and 11, disposed in the recesses 135 of denominational levers 136. The levers 136 have overlapping projections so arranged that when one lever is prevented from entering the notch in the disc 75, Fig. 11, all the levers to the right are held up. The levers to the left of the highest significant figure are permitted to enter the notch in their respective discs and a movement of the rod 134 by the above described means causes the disc to be stepped back a unit so as to bring the typewheels to the blank position. Printing totals. In total taking operations the amounts standing on the pin wheels 84 are transmitted through the counter wheels 86 and wheels 79 to the type wheels 1. In the intermediate position of the change over levers the slots of the levers 80c, 110 engaging the control rod 109 and the hook 116 of the lever- 115 are superposed so that when an electromagnet 118 is energized the armature 117 thereof moves the rod 109 into engagement with the hook and the continued movement of the lever 110 causes the change over lever to throw the wheels 79, Fig. 5b, into engagement with the transmission wheels 73. At the same time a pin 139 on an extension 80e of the change over lever frees a lever on a detent shaft 179 and causes the detents 141 to lock the pin wheels 84 and the arm 80a moves the bell crank 101 with its pawl 105 against the stops 107, 108. The movement of the wheels 79 to their engaging position releases them from their locking detents 96. When the rotating movement of the type wheels is transmitted to the counter wheels 86 they are rotated in the same direction as are the pin wheels 84 in the adding operation so that the ratchet wheels 87 now move towards the pins 85 until the wheels 86 are arrested and thus stop the type wheels at positions representing the total. On the return movement of the lever 110 the wheels 79 are disengaged and the type wheels resume their normal position. Balance extracting mechanism. The adding section P and the subtracting section M, Fig. 12, have their denominational elements double connected by transmission devices arranged as shown in Fig. 13 comprising pinions 149, 158<1> on a spindle 147 and pinions 148<1>, 159 on a sleeve 160 surrounding the spindle. The pinion 159<1> gears with the plus pin wheel 84<1> and the pinion 148, which is loose on the spindle 147 but is connected thereto by a ratchet wheel 156 and pawl 158, gears with the minus counter wheel 86. The shafts 147 for the various denominations are mounted on spring-controlled bell cranks pivoted on the frame and the pinions thereon are moved into and out of engagement with the wheels 84, 86 by means of a pair of spring-controlled segmental plates 142 with projections 143 co-operating with cams 146 on a control shaft 145. The pinion 148 of each denomination carries a pin 150 which is normally held by a spring against a stop 157 on a rod 151 secured to the bell cranks and to each pinion 148 is secured a spiral spring the free end of which bears against the rod 151. The drive of the control shaft 145 is effected by gearing and a friction clutch from the cam shaft 112 so that its angular speed is one-third that of the cam shaft. On the control shaft, Fig. 14, is mounted a disc 161 and cam discs 165, 165a ; the disc 161 has a pin 162 co-operating with a control lever 162 secured to the armature 117 of the minus gear electromagnet 118, the cam disc 165 cooperates with a contact 164 in the circuit of the minus and plus gear electromagnets 118, 118<1>, and the cam disc 165a controls two contacts 167, 168 connected in the circuit of electiomagnets 169, 169<1> allocated to the minus and plus gear releasing mechanism respectively. With the lever 94 of the minus gear is associated a lever 94a controlling sets of contacts 185, 186 arranged as shown in Fig. 14. When a switch 187, Fig. 14, is closed through the intervention of a hole in a " stop card " th