baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-440436-A (GB)
Title: A method of operating track relays in railway signalling systems and devices for use therewith
IPC: B61L1/18
Filed: 1934-06-28
Abstract: 440,436. Railway signalling systems. MICHELIN & CIE, Clermont Ferrand, Puy de Dome, France. June 28, 1934, Nos. 19171, 19172, and 19173. Convention dates, June 28, 1933, July 20, 1933, and Feb. 24, 1934. [Class 105] Dropping of the track relay when a light rail car or a rubber tyred vehicle enters a track section is effected by a vehicle source of potential being applied to the rails through brushes so as to neutralize the track circuit current. The contact resistance of the brushes is made negligible by using a source of sufficiently high potential and a series resistance. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3, a continuously rotating switch 16 alternately connects to the brushes 8, 9, the battery 10 gether with its resistance 11 and a polarized relay 13 a contact 14 of which is thus positioned to apply the proper polarity of the battery 10 for neutralizing the track battery current. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, separate brushes 22 are used for the polarized relay 24 which sets its contact 25 to apply the required polarity of the battery 10 by energizing in one direction or the other a motor 34 which moves an arm 29 over a resistance 32 so that the battery 10 supplies an increasing current of proper polarity over the brushes 23 to the rails until the potential difference across the rails is zero, whereupon the control relay 24 opens the circuit to the motor 34 ; the track relay will of course have dropped. A simpler arrangement consists in the control relay 24 directly inserting the required polarity of the battery 10, Fig. 9. As the applied current rises in value the rail potential difference falls and reverses, whereupon the relay 24 reverses and thus the relay 24 will oscillate. The track relay will not however be picked up since the control relay has a much smaller threshold. The vehicle source may be an alternating one provided that the half period is greater than the release time of the track relay, but less than the pick-up time of such relay, or that the frequency of oscillation of the control relay 24 is considerably higher than the frequency of the source.
Patent GB-830344-A (GB)
Title: Single pipe steam heating for high and low pressure
Inventor: HEGENBART FRANZ
IPC: F24H9/12
Filed: 1956-06-21
Abstract: 830,344. Steam heating systems. MATHIAS-THESEN-WERFT VEB. June 21, 1956, No. 19256/56. Class 64(2) A number of heat distributers, such as radiators, fed from a single steam pipe 1 are each fitted with a nozzle 2 which creates a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet pipes 3, 5 of the distributer. A short part 7 of the nozzle adjacent the pipe 5 is of uniform bore and flares into a circular chamber 6.
Patent GB-495268-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric circuit breakers with auxiliary arcing contacts
IPC: H01H33/12
Filed: 1937-07-12
Abstract: 495,268. Arcing-preventing in switches. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and CLIFF, J. S. July 12, 1937, No. 19290. [Class 38 (v)] In a circuit-breaker comprising complementary main contacts, between which contact is made and broken, and an auxiliary arcing- contact disposed adjacent the junction of the main contacts and electrically connected with the first but spaced from the second of the main contacts so that engagement does not occur between the auxiliary and second main contact, the arrangement being such that an arc formed between the main contacts on separation thereof is transferred or transfers itself to between the auxiliary and second main contact, the first main contact includes a contact-member having a limited degree of movement and biassed towards the contact-making position with the second main contact, and the auxiliary contact electrically connected with the first main contact is arranged to limit the degree of movement of said contact-member. The fixed contact-structure is preferably located in a side-blast, arc-chamber apertured at the base to admit the moving contact 131, Fig. 1 (not shown). The fixed main contact 1 comprises three pairs of oppositely-arranged fingers 3, 4, 5, one behind the other, Fig. 2, showing on the right-hand side one finger of the pair 3 and on the left, one finger of the pair 4 or 5. The fingers are pivoted to supports 6, 7 and urged towards one another by springs 13. The contact-members 8 are secured to their respective fingers by bolts 9 passing through apertures in the L-shaped auxiliary arcing-contacts 16, 17. Nuts 20 on the bolts 9 limit the inward travel of the fingers, and those on fingers 3 allow the latter to move further inward than the others, so as to tend to prevent arcing at all three pairs. Transfer of the arc to contacts 16, 17 may be facilitated by a magnetic field. Since the arcing-contacts do not engage the movable contact, circuit-making is effected directly between it and the main fixed contact 1.
Patent GB-668609-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the preparation of fluorinated organic compounds
IPC: C25B3/28
Filed: 1950-08-02
Abstract: 668,609. Electrolytic preparation of fluorinecontaining carbon compounds. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Aug. 2, 1950 [Aug. 17, 1949], No. 19306/50. Class 41. A process for preparing fluorine - containing carbon compounds comprises forming a mixture under anhydrous conditions comprising hydrogen fluoride and a chlorohydrocarbon containing a carbonbonded hydrogen, and passing an electric current through the mixture to replace carbon-bonded hydrogen with carbon - bonded fluorine. The mixture may also contain lithium fluoride, sodium fluoride or potassium fluoride. Examples of chlorohydrocarbons are methy. chloride, methylene chloride and chloroforml Other chlorohydrocarbons containing in addition fluorine atoms attached to carbon may also be used. The process may be carried out in the cell shown, in which a steel casing 1 functioning as the cathode is provided with an upwardly-extending rod 2. The rod is surrounded by an anode 8 of nickel which is connected by a rod 9 to a source of electric supply. The rod is insulated from the lid 6 of the casing 1, the lid being provided with apertures 18, 19 for the supply of starting materials and escape of gaseous products, respectively. The cell is filled preferably to a level above the top of the anode with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, and anhydrous electrolyte, for example, anhydrous lithium fluoride, is then introduced and mixed with the hydrogen fluoride. The chlorohydrocarbon is introduced through the port 18 which is then closed, and electrolysis is carried out. With the reaction at atmospheric pressure the temperature used is from -78 to +19  C., preferably from -35 to +10 C. In order that the hydrogen fluoride may be substantially anhydrous, an independent electrolysis at a voltage of from 6 to 10 volts is conducted in the cell with electrolyte and commercial anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, prior to the admission of the chlorocarbon compound, until all traces of moisture are removed.
Patent GB-898962-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to link-chain driving, driven or supporting members, particularly for hoists
Inventor: LAMB HAROLD THOMAS
IPC: B66D3/26
Filed: 1959-06-09
Abstract: 898,962. Chain hoists. ROTOLIFT MANUFACTURING CO. Ltd. June 9, 1959, No. 19652/59. Class 78 (5). The load sprocket 12 of a chain hoist is formed of triangular shape (Fig. 5) and is driven by reciprocating handle 32 by means of two alternative pawls 35, 36 (Fig. 2). Hoisting.-Selector wheel 42 is turned manually to allow pawl 35 to engage ratchet 22 and to withdraw pawl 36 from ratchet 20. When handle 32 is then reciprocated, pawl 35 drives the said ratchet 22 which is splined at 21 on to shaft 13 and thus drives the load sprocket 12 directly to raise the load chain C. The load is sustained at any moment by a clutch-brake formed of three members, namely, ratchet 20 threaded on to shaft 13, plate 48 keyed to said shaft 13 and plate 50, the latter slidable on shaft 13 and engageable at its periphery with fixed splines 51. When the load tends to fall, the three members lock together so that the load is held by the fixed splines 51. Lowering.-Selector wheel 42 is turned manually to allow pawl 36 to engage ratchet 22 and to retract pawl 35 from ratchet 22. The load is held suspended by engagement of plate 50 with splines 51 (see above). Then, when handle 32 is reciprocated, pawl 36 drives ratchet 22, which loosens the clutch-brake 20-50-48. The load therefore drops until the load has rotated shaft 13 sufficiently to lock solid the clutch-brake so that it is again held by splines 51. This process is repeated to lower the load. Quick adjustment of chain without Load (Figs. 2, 3).-This is effected by means of two pins 25 and 28. Lowering pin 25 is secured to ratchet 20 and projects through slot 26 in ratchet 22 and through slot 27 in hand wheel 24. Lifting pin 28 is secured to ratchet 22 and likewise projects through said slot 27 in hand wheel 24. The two pins are connected by toroidal spring 29. Operation: To lower.-Set pawls 35, 36 as for normal lowering, i.e. pawl 36 engages ratchet 20. Then lower by rotating hand wheel 24 anticlockwise. Hand wheel 24 then drives pin 25, engaging it by means of the bottom of slot 27, and pin 25 drives ratchet 22 in the lowering direction, the clutch brake being held released. To hoist.-Set pawls 35, 36 as for normal hoisting, i.e. pawl 35 engages ratchet 22. Then raise by rotating hand wheel 24 clockwise. Hand wheel 24 thus drives pin 28, engaging it by means of the top of slot 27, and pin 28 drives ratchet 22 which rotates sprocket 12 directly the clutch-brake being held released. Specification 795,659 is referred to.
Patent GB-229623-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of soluble starch products
IPC: C08B30/12
Filed: 1924-08-19
Abstract: Starch is rendered soluble by treatment with a salt of an aromatic sulphochloramide, such as the sodium compound of toluene p sulphochloramide, the starch, the solubilizing compound, and water being heated together until a clear solution is obtained.  A mixture of starch and the solubilizing compound may be prepared for convenience in transport, and heated with water when required for use.
Patent GB-798781-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a mechanical motion converting system
IPC: F16H19/02
Filed: 1956-06-25
Abstract: 798,781. Gearing for converting rotary motion into axial motion. UHING, J. June 25, 1956, No. 19666/56. Class 80 (1). In a means of converting rotary motion to linear motion a ring 2, Fig. 2, is rotatably and inclinably mounted about a shaft 1 and a force P presses the ring on to the shaft 1, thereby causing the ring to rotate with the shaft. If the axis of rotation of the ring 2 is inclined in relation to the axis of the shaft 1 a traversing component S results from the rotational speed V<SP>1</SP> of the shaft and V<SP>2</SP> of the ring. By axially fixing the shaft 1 the ring 2 may be traversed or vice versa. Several rings may be used to increase the capacity of the drive and they may be arranged along two peripheral but diametrically opposite lines in which case rings contacting opposite sides of the shaft must be tilted in opposite directions so that the traversing components are in the same direction. The coupling of the rings may be by gears, links, push-rods, &c., and variation of angle may be made by hand, electrical hydraulic, pneumatic or other means. Alternatively the shaft may be hollow as 20, Fig. 6, and instead of rings, spherical surfaced rollers 22, 23, 24 smaller in diameter than the inside of the shaft are rotatably and inclinably mounted upon a support 28 to affect axial movement. Automatic variation of the speed of movement transmitted may be affected by a cam surface acting on a lever controlling the angle of tilt of the ring or rings or a stop may be provided to engage the lever to reduce the angle of tilt to zero and stop the motion. A reciprocating drive can be obtained by arranging the stop to move the lever to reverse the angle of tilt at the limits of travel. Numerous applications of the device, the feeding and reciprocating motions of machines, the operating mechanisms of doors and shutters, microscopes, mathematical and measuring instruments, film projectors, vehicle steering mechanisms, pumps, engines, typewriters, &c. are referred to.
Patent GB-1245216-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for introducing additives into a foamable mixture for forming a foam material
Inventor: BREER KARL
IPC: B29B7/60
Filed: 1970-04-24
Abstract: 1,245,216. Mixing. FARBENFABRIKEN BAYER A.G. 24 April, 1970 [26 April, 1969], No. 19758/70. Heading B1C. Additives packed in a continuous length of tube 11 are passed into a mixing chamber 2 into which reagents to form a foam are also passed through inlets 5 and 6, tube 11 being removed prior to entry of the additives into the chamber. The additives may be glass or carbon fibres, or foam or expanded clay to act as a filler. The tube may be slit to release the additions by knives 13 and 14 (shown displaced through 90‹ in the figure) or by an incandescent wire.
Patent GB-144139-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to shaft bearings
IPC: F16C33/10
Filed: 1919-08-12
Abstract: 144,139. British Thomson - Houston Co., (General Electric Co.). Aug. 12, 1919. Channels in bearings.-A shaft bearing is fed with lubricant on the side at which the direction of motion of the shaft is upwards, the excess being withdrawn from the opposite side of the bearing. Lubricant is supplied to a space 11 formed in the bearing-lining through a pipe 15 and passages 13, 14, and excess lubricant is withdrawn from a similar space 12 through passages 16, 17 and two discharge pipes 18. Small orifices 19, formed in plugs 20, restrict the flow so as to build up the desired pressure in space 12. The circulation of lubricant cools the bearing.
Patent GB-1024753-A (GB)
Title: An apparatus for washing bed pans or like vessels
Inventor: COOK RONALD JOSEPH
IPC: A61G9/02
Filed: 1963-05-17
Abstract: 1,024,753. Washing bed-pans &c. ALLEN & HANBURYS Ltd. May 15, 1964 [May 17, 1963], No. 19812/63. Heading A4N. Lid 12 and flap 9 are held open by downward pressure on foot-operated bar 10 while a bed-pan is inserted into cradle 3 through slot 8 or urine bottles are placed in rings 4 through the top opening 2. On releasing the bar 10, spring operated levers close both the flap 9 and the lid 12. Downward movement of handle 7 tilts the bedpan or urine bottles into a draining position and may also lock the flap and lid in the closed position. Alternatively, these members may only be locked on starting the washing cycle.
Patent GB-592306-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to low-temperature olefinic polymerization processes
IPC: C08F210/12
Filed: 1944-10-13
Abstract: In the continuous process of low temperature copolymerization of iso-olefines and polyolefines using a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, whilst the addition of catalyst is continued there is added intermittently ammonia, a substituted ammonia or an amine as catalyst neutralizing agent.  Usually the reaction is carried out between -10 DEG  and -160 DEG  C. in a low-freezing solvent and the catalyst solution is added in a continuous stream to the reaction mixture.  Optionally a diluent may also be present, specified are ethyl or methyl or methylene chlorides, dichlor-fluor-methane or carbon disulphide.  Listed amines are methyl, ethyl, propyl, di-n-butyl, phenyl b -naphthyl, b -naphthyl amines and hexamethyl tetramine.  Iso-olefines specified are isobutylene, 2-methyl butene-1 and 2-methyl pentene-1; polyolefines having 4-14 carbon atoms, e.g. isoprene, butadiene, piperylene, dimethyl butadiene, dimethallyl and myrcene.
Patent GB-627226-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to machines for moulding hollow building blocks
IPC: B28B7/18
Filed: 1946-07-02
Abstract: 627,226. Moulding hollow blocks by tamping- machines. NODARI, A. July 2, 1946, No. 19829. Convention date, June 8. [Class 87 (ii)] [Also in Group X] A tamping-machine comprises a mould 19 having a base plate 2 to which cores 5 are removably secured, a movable plate 45 which may be raised by fluid operated spindles 7 to eject a moulded block, a hopper 38 which is slidable over the mould to deposit. material therein, and a series of spaced thwackers 22 which may be raised pneumatically or mechanically and then allowed to fall under gravity to consolidate the material in the mould. The thwackers may be attached to guide rods 23 each of which is provided with an arm 26 one end of which engages with lifting teeth 27 on a chain 28 and the other end of which engages with a spring-urged catch 29 which, when in the operative position, maintains the thwacker in the raised position. A lever 30 is provided to operate the catches 29. The thwackers at the end of the series may be of C-section. Part of the mould may be masked off. A removable pallet may be placed on the plate 45.
Patent GB-1294537-A (GB)
Title: Method of treating web units in the manufacture of business forms
IPC: B65H45/20
Filed: 1970-04-24
Abstract: 1294537 Feeding webs; folding PAPER CONVERTING MACHINE CO Inc 24 April 1970 [18 Sept. 1969] 19840/70 Heading B8R In the manufacture of business forms, webs 14, 15 are fed from rolls 11, 12 carried by an unwinder 10 to a printer 16 where they are separately printed and then superposed for further simultaneous processing by apparatus such as a file hole punch 19, a line hole punch 20, another file hole punch 21 and a cross perforator 22; thereafter the webs 14 and 15 are separated so as to lie side-by-side in the same plane and are fed by pin-tractors 36, 37 to a two-wide zig-zag folder 26. The web 14 follows a direct path to the folder, whilst web 15 passes to the folder by way of skewed rollers (30, 32), Fig. 2 (not shown), and a stationary drum 31 which produce the required lateral deflection and also introduce a slack loop to facilitate high-speed operation of the folder.
Patent GB-530995-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metal articles or masses
IPC: C22C9/02
Filed: 1939-07-07
Abstract: 530,995. Alloys ; obtaining coherent masses from powdered metals. JONES, W. D. July 7, 1939, No. 19860. [Class 82 (i)] [Also in Group V] Metal articles are made by pressing powders of brasses or bronzes or their constituents, with or without the addition of one or more other elements such as nickel, silicon, manganese, lead, chromium, phosphorus, aluminium, antimony and iron, or materials such as carborundum, asbestos, talc, or graphite, at a temperature between 500C. and the melting point, preferably 650-800C. The process may be carried out in absence of a protective atmosphere, and in some cases the powders may first be pressed cold. Hydrides of calcium, titanium, zirconium, or alkali metals may be added as described in Specification 503,874, and fluxes such as mixtures of fluorides and chlorides may be used. The heating may be effected electrically by resistance or induction. Layers of powders of different compositions may be used as the initial material, and preformed metallic or non-metallic components may be included.
Patent GB-649395-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical cavity resonators
IPC: H01P7/06
Filed: 1948-07-26
Abstract: 649,395. Electric resonators. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL, Ltd. July 26, 1948, No. 19883. Convention date, July 29, 1947. [Class 40 (viii)] A cavity resonator formed by a substantially closed conducting wall is of such shape that it could be regarded as built up from congruent parts of simple shape, the boundary surfaces of which at each common edge, not at the conducting wall, merge into pairs with one another, and adjacent congruent parts have a complete side face in common, while each of these parts would fit a cavity resonator whose lowest natural frequency is equal to the frequency at which it is desired to excite the first resonator, and the parts are built up in such a manner that the shape could not be built up from larger congruent parts. The dividing walls of the congruent parts form nodal planes of the oscillations present in the resonator. Fig. 2 shows a shape built up of cubes with a projecting cube 10 to render it impossible to produce it with larger cubes. This resonator will be practically free from natural resonant frequencies lower than that of its constituent cubes. In the construction shown in Fig. 3 a wire 22 is connected between opposing walls of the resonator to fix a nodal plane positively.
Patent GB-370769-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of washing and cleansing agents
IPC: C11D13/02
Filed: 1931-07-10
Abstract: Soaps are made by completely or almost completely hydrogenating sperm oil, and saponifying at above 250 DEG  C. with more than the theoretical amount of alkali required.  The hydrogen evolved during saponification may be used to hydrogenate fresh oil.  In an example, 1000 kg. of sperm oil are catalytically hydrogenated until the iodine number is 0, and after removal of the catalyst are heated for two hours to 250-280 DEG  C. in a closed autoclave with 180-200 kg. of solid caustic soda or the equivalent of caustic potash, hydrogen is blown off periodically.
Patent GB-394494-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric discharge apparatus
IPC: H01J7/42
Filed: 1932-07-14
Abstract: 394,494. Protective cut-out arrangements. LEHMANN, W., 52, Westfalischestrasse, Halensee, Berlin. July 14, 1932, No. 19988. Convention date, July 20, 1931. [Class 38 (v).] An indicating or controlling arrangement for an electric discharge device comprises a metering electrode disposed outside the core of a discharge between an auxiliary anode and the cathode, the quantity of charged particles diffusing to the electrode to influence the controlling or indicating current increasing in dependence upon an increase in the vacuum of the discharge device. A rectifier G has a cathode K and main anodes H surrounded by sleeves S. A tubular auxiliary anode A, which may be used for exciting, and a metering electrode M are disposed within a tube R located near one of the anode sleeves so that the pressures within them are approximately the same. The auxiliary discharge is maintained by an alternating or continuous-current source E applied through an impedance X. An alternating or continuous-current source V, which, preferably, is independent of the load; is connected through an impedance Z, a solenoid B, and a meter indicating the vapour pressure, to the electrode M, and is connected directly to the electrode A or to the metal container. The flow of electrons or of positive ions is determined by the phase relationship between the current sources V and E. A switch W is adapted to be operated by the solenoid B to control the pumping system or to control the current supply to the rectifier. Specification 289,059, [Class 106 (ii), Dynamometers &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-426459-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to propelling pencils
IPC: B43K21/12
Filed: 1934-07-09
Abstract: 426,459. Pencil holders. KELLER, G., 103, Humboldtstrasse, Nuremberg, Germany. July 9, 1934, No. 20057. [Class 146 (iii)] In a screw-propelling pencil the nose 1 has fixed thereto a slotted guide-tube 4 in which is slidably mounted a lead propeller 7 having a nose 6 adapted to engage an internal thread 3 on a sleeve 2 rotatably mounted on the nose 1, a lead carrier 8 and a collar 9 are slidably mounted on the forward and rear ends of the propeller and a spiral spring 10 is mounted between the carrier and collar so that, near the forward limit of movement, a ridge 11 in the nose arrests the carrier 8 and near the rearward limit, an indentation 12 on the tube 2 engages the collar 9, in both cases compressing the spring on further movement of the propeller. When rotation is reversed in either direction the spring returns the projection 6 to the spiral slot. During the last portion of the forward movement the lead is expelled from the carrier 8. The carrier is retained on the propeller by an indentation co-operating with a flange on the propeller. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 412,286 and 414,196.