Patent GB-123263-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Typewriter.
Inventor: SHINOZAWA YUSAKU
IPC: B41J3/01
Filed: 1918-07-12
Abstract: 123,263. Shinozawa, Y. July 12, 1918. Index type-wheel machines; caseshift mechanism; paper-carriages.-In a machine suitable for writing a language, such as Chinese, containing a large number of characters, the types are carried by a drum and character selection is effected by rotating the drum and shifting the paper-carriage longitudinally. In the machine shown, the paper-carriage 77 travels on a sub-carriage 5, provided with an arm 7 which extends over an index plate 6 and carrier a sliding setting- knob 8 provided with an index 11. To select a character, the knob is moved along the arm and also laterally until the index coincides with the required character. The sub-carriage is mounted by ball bearings on rails 3 on the framework 1. The balls are arranged in a spacer 24, Fig. 3, carrying a pinion 27 which engages a rack 25 on the carriage and a stationary rack 26. The carriage 77 is mounted by means of a roller 75 and a rail 76 on the sub-carriage. The knob 8 is secured to a rack 33, gearing with a pinion 34 which is splined on a shaft 35 and is arranged between cheeks 37 on the sub-carriage. The shaft is provided with a pinion 38, Fig. 4, connected by intermediate gearing to a pinion 17 on the type-drum. The full travel of the knob on the arm 7 may be arranged to rotate the drum one revolution, or, in order to reduce the size of the index plate, the full travel may rotate the drum half a revolution, a reversing-mechanism being provided. As shown, the reversing-mechanism consists of a frame 43, Fig. 4, which can be moved laterally by a lever 15 to cause either a single pinion 39 or a pair of pinions 40, 41 to gear with the pinions 17, 38. To prevent reversal from being effected except when the knob is in the extreme forward position, the pinions 39, 40 are provided with holes which register with fixed pins 51, 52 when the knob is in the above-mentioned position. To reduce the number of reversals, frequently-occurring characters are arranged on one half of the typedrum and infrequently-occurring characters on the other half. The characters on the index board may be printed in different colours to indicate on which half of the .type-drum the corresponding types are found. Or, a separate board may be provided for use in selecting infrequently-occurring characters. Alining for impression.-The type-drum 2 and the sub-carriage 5 are locked in the set position by a pawl 18 and a rack 54, respectively, which, before each setting, are released by depressing a key 13. The pawl engages a pinion 19 on the drum, and the rack engages a lug 55 on the subcarriage and is mounted with lateral freedom in brackets 53 on the runners 3. The rack is provided at the ends with forked arms 56 engaging bell-cranks 58 on a shaft 57, one bell-crank being connected by a link 72 to the pawl 18 and being in engagement with an arm 63 on a shaft 62 which is connected to the release-key 13. Hammer-impression arrangements.-The hammer 10, Fig. 10, for forcing the paper against the types, is operated bv depressing a key-lever 12. The hammer is pivoted at 99 on a bracket 96 on the sub-carriage 5 and is connected by a link 103 to a lever 102 which is pivoted at 101 to the bracket, and is in the path of a rocking plate 110, connected by a link 112 to the impression key 12. The plate 110 can operate the lever 102 in all positions of the sub-carriage. Letter-spacing mechanism.-The sub-carriage 5 is provided with a shaft which gears with a rack 89, Fig. 10, on the paper-carriage 77 and carries an escapement-wheel 92, controlled by an escapement 93. A bell-crank 106, pivoted at 105 to the sub-carriage, engages the escapement and a pin 108 on the lever 102, the arrangement being such that the escapement is operated at each operation of the hammer. For word-spacing, the escapement is operated independently of the hammer by depressing a space-key 14 which is connected by a link 116 to a rocking plate 114, engaging the bellcrank 106. Sheet feeding and clamping arrangements.-The sheet passes over a roller 9, Fig. 10, and a shelf 78 on the paper-carriage 77. The sheet is pressed against the roller 9 by the usual small rollers and is damped to the shelf by a spring-pressed pivoted clamp 81. The part of the sheet being written upon extends above the clamp, and after the completion of each line, the clamp 81 is released and the roller 9 is rotated for line-spacing. Types, securing on carriers.-The type-drum 2, Figs. 13 and 14, is formed with dovetail grooves 118 for receiving type-plates 121, having several rows of characters. The plates may be secured by screws 122; or, the grooves and plates may taper in length. The drum may be formed at one end with grooves 125 for receiving plates 123 which are readilv removable and bear one or more supplementary characters. To facilitate selection, the plates are arranged in two columns. The plates are formed with a flange 126 for engaging an extracting-tool or the hand.