baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1196191-A (GB)
Title: Dual Antenna System for Transponder Beacon Devices
Inventor: QUIGLEY CHARLES EUGENE
IPC: G01S13/76
Filed: 1968-05-27
Abstract: 1,196,191. Transponders. C. E. QUIGLEY. 27 May, 1968 [26 May, 1967], No. 25156/68. Heading H4L. A transponder, particularly for use on aircraft, is provided with two aerial systems which are selectively connected to the transponder transmitter so that the coded reply signal is radiated by the aerial receiving the strongest interrogation signal. In one arrangement, Fig. 1, top aerial 10 and bottom aerial 12 are connected to conventional transponders 14, 16 respectively, the outputs of the video amplifiers 20, 32 of the receivers 18, 30 being supplied to a comparator 42. Usually the bottom aerial 12 receives the stronger interrogation signal, the comparator 42 has no effect, and the signal from the corresponding decoder 34 is supplied via a pulse generator 54 to trigger the encoder 36 to initiate a reply signal via aerial 12. Pulse generator 54 also supplies a signal to stop the decoder 22 in the top transponder. If the top aerial 10 should receive the stronger signal, the comparator 42 supplies an output to open a gate 44 to allow the output of the corresponding decoder 22 to energize a pulse generator 46 which supplies a signal to trigger the encoder 24. The output of the pulse generator also suppresses the decoder 34 and via inverter 28 inhibits gate 50 to prevent the transponder 16 from transmitting. In a modification the transponder 16 is normally operative and the transponder 14 suppressed, the comparator 42 being dispensed with. Should the signal received by transponder 16 fall below predetermined level the transponder 14 becomes operative and the transponder 16 is suppressed. In further arrangements, a common encoder and decoder is used for the two transponders, switching may take place at the aerials, or a common transmitter may be switched to the selected aerial.
Patent GB-874002-A (GB)
Title: Laminated foldable panel
IPC: E06B3/48
Filed: 1959-07-22
Abstract: 874,002. Laminates. CLOPAY CORPORATION. July 22, 1959 [Nov. 21, 1958], No. 25160/59. Class 140. [Also in Group X] A foldable laminated panel is formed of a plurality of thin steel slats 11, arranged in spaced parallel relationship, sandwiched between and bonded to two sheets 10 of vinyl plastic material which are also bonded to each other between slats to form hinge lines. The slats and plastic sheets are approximately 0.004 inches and 0.006 inches thick respectively and the slats are stiffened by arcuate or angular transverse configuration, Figs. 4 and 5. The panel may be used as a folding door, awning or window blind (see Group X) and a decorative effect may be achieved at a window by using translucent plastic sheets which may be slotted to provide ventilation. In manufacturing the panels the slat material is first prepared by fabricating long flat ribbons of steel of the correct size, coating the ribbons with a thermoplastic resin adhesive, of the same material as the cover sheets, which is allowed to harden, configurating the ribbons transversely in shaping rollers and winding lengths of the material into rolls. The rolls are then assembled side by side on a single reel in the same spacing &c. found in the finished panel and a roll of plastic sheeting is positioned above and below the reel. The sheets and the slat material are fed simultaneously through heating chambers and then bonded together between pressure rollers. The laminate is then chilled and cut to the required size.
Patent GB-1433137-A (GB)
Title: Plasma arc spraying and apparatus therefor
IPC: B05D1/08
Filed: 1972-05-30
Abstract: 1433137 Spray producers; coatings UNION CARBIDE UK Ltd 29 May 1973 [30 May 1972] 25179/72 Headings B2E and B2F [Also in Divisions C7 and H5] In plasma spraying, wherein an arc is maintained between first and second electrodes 3 and 5, a gas is passed into said arc (through block 2) to produce a hot gas effluent which passes through constricting nozzle 4, and together with a coating powder entrained therein is directed at a substrate to be coated, said substrate being >7.5 cm from said nozzle, and the hot gas effluent and entrained coating powder are passed through a chamber in the form of a tube 6 between the nozzle and the substrate in which tube a zone of sub-atmospheric pressure is maintained by providing a sheath of gas moving in a helical path through said tube between the inner surface 12 thereof and said hot gas effluent having powder entrained therein. Said tube 6 may be cylindrical as shown, or tapered outwardly toward the substrate, or may first taper inwardly and then outwardly; the means for supplying the helical gas flow may be an inlet 9 leading to a spiral channel 10 in an insert 7 as shown, or may be a series of tangetial inlets; various forms are described referring to Figs. 2-6 (not shown). There may be an air-gap between the said nozzle and the tube 6. The powder feed rate may be 25-60 g/min and the surface speed less than 25 cm/sec; the zone of reduced pressure preferably extends beyond tube 6 as far as the substrate. Coating materials referred to are Cr 2 O 3 , WC-Co, Al 2 O 3 , Ni, Co-Cr-Ni-W and Ta.
Patent GB-642369-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to process for preparing pure crystalline salts of penicillin, and the pure crystalline salts of penicillin resulting therefrom
IPC: C07D499/14
Filed: 1946-08-23
Abstract: Penicillin salts are obtained in a pure crystalline state by adding a salting-out agent to an aqueous solution of the salts, extracting with an organic solvent immiscible with the aqueous solution and crystallizing from the organic extract by concentration and/or reduction of temperature.  Evaporation of the solvent may even be allowed to go substantially to completion under reduced pressure at low temperatures.  The salts may be those of sodium, potassium, rubidium, ammonium or substituted ammoniums such as methylammonium, diethyl-ammonium, trimethylammonium, benzyl-tri-methylammonium and chlorine.  The initial solution may be obtained by preparing an aqueous penicillin solution from the culture medium in the normal way, extracting the penicillin from this with an immiscible solvent, e.g. amyl acetate, and re-extracting this extract with an aqueous alkaline solution to give a final pH of about 6 to 8.  The resulting solution of penicillin salt may be concentrated by solvent extraction or low temperature distillation under reduced pressure.  The salting-out agent must possess the same cation as is desired in the final product, and preferably the starting material also has the same cation, otherwise a mixture of penicillin salts will result.  A number of suitable anions (inorganic and organic) is given. Preferred salting-out agents are sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium sulphate. The organic solvent must be immiscible with the aqueous solution of the penicillin salt, and is preferably a hydrophilic solvent that is miscible with water in the absence of the salting-out agent or is capable of dissolving a certain amount of it. A number of suitable solvents is specified, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acetals, cyclic ethers and esters, aliphatic alcohols such as n-and secondary butyl alcohols and n-amyl alcohol being preferred.  After addition of the salting-out agent to the aqueous penicillin solution, the pH is adjusted if necessary to lie between about 5 and 8.5 by addition of the acid or base from which the salting-out agent is derived.  The organic solvent is then added, the two layers separated and the organic layer optionally treated with further amounts of the same or a different solvent to precipitate any dissolved salting-out agent, with further salt to dehydrate it or with carbon to purify it.  The solution is then neutralized, concentrated and dehydrated by distillation (preferably under reduced pressure below 40 DEG  C.) and left to crystallize, preferably with additional cooling.  Examples show the salting-out of (1) ammonium penicillin with ammonium sulphate, (2) potassium penicillin with potassium chloride, (3) potassium penicillin with potassium acetate, (4) sodium penicillin with sodium phosphate, and (5) potassium penicillin with sodium phosphate, when a mixed salt results.
Patent GB-792250-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in loose covers for upholstered chairs or settees
Inventor: ETHERINGTON BURTON
IPC: A47C31/11
Filed: 1955-09-02
Abstract: 792,250. Loose covers for seats. MEDLOCK MANUFACTURING CO.. Ltd. Sept. 3, 1956 [Sept. 2, 1955], No. 25216/55. Class 52(4) In a loose cover made of knitted material for a chair or settee comprising a single or separate cover pieces for the back and seat and a cover piece b for each arm, the pieces b are connected by elastic strands b<SP>1</SP> which lie behind the chair back in use. The lower edges of all the pieces are attached to elastic strands b' terminating in loops b<SP>1</SP> taking over the chair or settee legs.
Patent GB-710193-A (GB)
Title: Production of articles made of rubber
IPC: B29C39/00
Filed: 1951-10-30
Abstract: <PICT:0710193/III/1> In making products of the type disclosed in Specifications 601,395 and 710,182, which have a pile surface of rubber elements with increased wear resistance, by spraying an aqueous rubber dispersion and commingling therewith prior to deposition on to a supporting surface, a spray of coagulant to form a pile-like surface of individual elements comprising vulcanizable rubber particles, the pile surface is subjected to pressure sufficient to compact the elements without affecting their individuality and subsequently the rubber is vulcanized.  A base sheet of calendered rubber 31, smooth or embossed, is fed on belt 10 under hood 14 wherein commingled latex composition and coagulant (ratio 1 : 16) spray 15 and the latex composition spray 16 are applied to give a pile coating containing coagulated and uncoagulated particles.  The operation of the spray guns, which are reciprocable across the width of the base sheet, are the same as in Specification 710,182, and electrodes (not shown) at opposite sides of the spraying zone connected to the negative of a generator, with plate 13 connected to the positive may also provide an electrostatic field as in Specification 710,182.  After spraying, the material passes under roller 25 mounted in swinging frame 27 pivoted to hood 14 which exerts a pressure of 25-250 lbs./sq. in. on the surface.  Two spray coatings may be applied when the surface is only compressed after the second spraying, A natural latex composition suitable for shoe soles is quoted.  The latex may be sprayed on to the belt and the resulting rubber sheet stripped off.
Patent GB-774003-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pressure gradient microphones
IPC: H04R1/38
Filed: 1954-08-31
Abstract: 774,003. Microphones. ELECTRO-VOICE, Inc. Aug. 31, 1954 [Jan. 11, 1954], No. 25298/54. Class 40 (4). In a pressure gradient microphone having a chamber 19, Fig. 1, immediately adjacent one side of the diaphragm 12, the effective distance between the two sides of the diaphragm is made to vary inversely as the sound frequency by providing two indepenent passages 18, 23 from the exterior of the housing to the chamber which are of different length and admit primarily different portions of the frequency spectrum. Passages 18 and 23 deal with high and low frequencies respectively and the output is substantially constant at all frequencies. A chamber 26 provides a terminating impedance for the low-frequency passage. Casing 16, Fig. 10, has an enlarged upper portion 31 covered by a windscreen 35 which is held by a screw 34 in a three-legged spider 33 and the magnetic circuit 6 includes two or more permanent magnets 36. The high-frequency passage 17 is covered by a grill 37 and a microphone transformer 42 is included within the casing. The performance of the microphone is described with reference to vector diagrams, Figs. 3-9 (not shown), and an electrical analogue, Fig. 2 (not shown).
Patent GB-367814-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pressure proof deep sea electric cables
IPC: H01B7/14
Filed: 1930-08-25
Abstract: 367,814. Submarine cables. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. Aug. 25, 1930, No. 25354. Convention date, Dec. 2, 1929. [Class 36.] A deep-sea cable comprises insulated conductors enclosed within a pressureresisting jacket consisting of a seamless pipe or a plurality of telescoped pipes formed of steel, bronze, aluminium, copper, brass or alloys thereof and coated with non-corrosive material such as lead or zinc. To render the cable flexible, one or more of the pipes may be formed with helical or annular corrugations, and the conductors may be divided into a number of groups which are enclosed in separate pressureresisting jackets and stranded together. In a cable having a jacket consisting of a plurality, of telescoped pipes, tubes of plastic material, such as lead or rubber, may alternate with the harder pipes. To reduce the required thickness of the jacket, the spaces within the cable may be filled with a fluid or viscous insulating material or the jacket may be covered by an armouring of profiled wires. Adjacent cable lengths are joined together by soldering, welding, or by screwed connections. The Figure shows the core conductors 2 of a cable enclosed within a pressure-resisting jacket 4 comprising seamless tubes 5, 6 of iron and aluminium respectively. The conductors 2 are stranded about a longitudinally-twisted metal strip 3 which serves as the means by which the cable core is drawn into the jacket and as a supporting member for the jacket.
Patent GB-534490-A (GB)
Title: An improved process of forming ketones
IPC: C07C49/04
Filed: 1939-09-07
Abstract: 534,490. Ketones, alcohols. TRIGGS, W. W. (Du Pont de Nemours & Co., E. I.). Sept. 7, 1939, No. 25369. [Class 2 (iii)] Ketones are made by heating primarysecondary glycols, containing a chain of at least 8 carbon atoms and having at least two carbon atoms between the primary and secondary carbinol groups, to temperatures of above 150‹C. in contact with dehydrogenation catalysts, particularly metals of Group 8 of the Periodic system or their compounds, either in massive state or supported on a porous carrier such as kieselguhr or pumice. The parent materials may be obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of compounds such as castor oil or oiticica oil containing a hydroxy or ketonic group separated by at least two carbon atoms from a group capable of hydrogenation to a primary carbinol group. The resulting ketones contain one less carbon atom than the parent glycols, and may be hydrogenated to the corresponding alcohol. In examples : (1) technical octadecanediol-1:12 is heated with an active nickel catalyst ; the chief product is heptadecanone-7 ; (2) ricinoleyl alcohol, prepared by the sodium reduction of castor oil, is hydrogenated in the presence of a nickel catalyst in an autoclave, and the reaction vessel is then heated to 250‹C. ; heptodecanone-7 is obtained; (3) castor oil is hydrogenated in an autoclave in the presence of a copper chromate catalyst, a small sample of the product is removed, mixed with a nickel-on-kieselguhr catalyst and restored to the autoclave, and the reaction vessel is heated to 250‹C. ; heptadecanone-7 is obtained ; (4) octadecanediol-1:12 is heated in the presence of a palladium-on-charcoal catalyst ; heptadecanone-7 is obtained ; (5) octadecanediol-1:12 is heated with a nickel-onkieselguhr catalyst and is then hydrogenated to yield heptadecanol-7, and (6) castor oil is hydrogenated in the presence of a mixed copper chromate and nickel catalyst; heptadecanone-7 is first produced, and is then further hydrogenated to heptadecanol-7. Specification 318,124, [Class 2 (iii)], is referred to.
Patent GB-308759-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to automatic stop-motions for bobbin winding machines
IPC: B65H63/036
Filed: 1928-09-04
Abstract: 308,759. Bemberg Akt.-Ges., J. P. March 29, 1928, [Convention date]. Stop-motions.-In a bobbin-winding machine a stirrup d, arranged so that it is clear of the yarn b when running normally from the reel a, is moved upon entanglement and the consequent deflection of the yarn to the path b<1> to close the circuit of an electromagnet o, whereby the bobbin f is removed from the driving-disc k and is held in inoperative position by a catch p which engages the cradle arm g, or to open the circuit of an electromagnet which normally serves to maintain the bobbin in contact with the driving- disc.. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a), comprises also the operation of a mechanical stop-motion by means of the stirrup. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-483375-A (GB)
Title: A process for the distillation of carbonaceous slack, peat, shale and the like, and apparatus for such purpose
IPC: C10B1/10
Filed: 1936-09-18
Abstract: 483,375. Rotary retorts for destructive distillation. HULL, F. P., and HULL, F. N. Sept. 18, 1936. No. 25421. [Classes 51 (ii) and 55 (i)] A process for the distillation of solid carbonaceous materials such as coal, or peat, comprises preheating the charge in a rotary retort 5, before the dried material is further heated in an outer annular space in a rotary retort 10 surrounding an inner tube 12 through which hot gases are circulated, the outer space being provided with curved plates 11 which pick up and agitate the material during rotation. The material is fed from a hopper 1 and shoot 4 to the drying retort 5, from which it is delivered through a valve 14 and shoot 9 to around an extension of the inner retort, and falls through openings 46 into the outer annular retort through which it passes to a spiral 35 which discharges it through outlets 36 into an extension of the inner retort leading to a coke container 37. Combustion products from a combustion chamber 26 pass through a duct 31, and through the inner tube 12 which is lined with firebricks, each alternate brick projecting into the tube to provide an increased heating surface. The heating gases are withdrawn by a fan 29, and passed by a duct 32 through the drying tube 5, being led by a duct 6 back to the combustion chamber 26 to control the temperature of the heating gases. The distillates escape through apertures 46 and offtake 16 to a cyclone dust extractor 18, and by duct 19 to condensers 20, fan 21 with byepass 22, tar extractor 23, oil scrubber 24, and gas holder 25. The retort is supported at each end by bands 39 on rollers 40, and is driven, by a geared wheel 42. To allow for expansion, the front roller 40 is mounted on a wheeled truck 41.
Patent GB-341902-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of benzoic acid
IPC: C07C51/38
Filed: 1929-08-21
Abstract: Benzoic acid is obtained by heating molten phthalic anhydride with water, or a substance capable of furnishing water, in the presence of a decarbonating catalyst or catalysts.  Suitable catalysts are compounds, preferably hydroxides or phthalates, of metals of the sixth group, such as chromium, or one or more compounds of aluminium. Mixtures of chromium and sodium compounds, which may be equi-atomic as regards the metals, or equimolecular mixtures of chromium and tungsten salts, with or without an alkali-metal phthalate, may be used; alumina may replace the chromium or tungsten salt in the latter mixture. Diluents or carriers may be employed.  The water may be supplied in liquid or vapour form, or from added phthalic acid, or from the catalytic agent.  Temperatures of 170 DEG -350 DEG  C. are suitable.  The pressure may be atmospheric or higher.  Portions of the carbon dioxide and benzoic acid, the latter either as liquid or as vapour, may be withdrawn continuously or intermittently, and more phthalic anhydride added.  Crude phthalic anhydride as obtained by oxidation of naphthalene with air or oxygen may be converted by the process.  In an example, steam is passed through a vessel heated to 240 DEG  C. and containing the anhydride and chromic and sodium phthalates which are stirred rapidly.  The gaseous mixture produced is passed through a reflex condenser for phthalic acid and anhydride and through a second condenser.  After the conversion of about a half of the anhydride into benzoic acid the temperature is lowered and the benzoic acid in the reaction vessel is steam-distilled; more phthalic acid is then added and the conversion recommenced.  When accumulation of foreign material retards the reaction it may be prolonged somewhat by raising the temperature.  The first condenser may be provided with scrapers and maintained at a temperature below that of decomposition of phthalic acid.  Specification 309,024, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-621397-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in perkins tube ovens
IPC: A21B1/08
Filed: 1946-08-26
Abstract: 621,397. Bakers' ovens. BAKOVENBOUW VOORHEEN H. P. DEN BOER N. V. Aug. 26, 1946, No. 25503. Convention date, Sept. 14, 1945. [Classes 51 (i) and 51 (ii)] A Perkin's tube oven is arranged so that products of combustion are recirculated from a vertical flue above the grate down a conduit between this vertical flue and the oven, through hollow side walls of the furnace to the suction side of a blowing device, the pressure side of which is connected with two damper-controlled conduits, one leading to the chimney and the other to the space above the fire. Products of combustion pass into. the vertical flue 8 into which Perkin's tubes from the superposed ovens 1, 2, 3 project. After circulating above the ovens 1, 2, 3 the gases pass downwards in the conduit 20 between the vertical flue 8 and the ovens 1, 2, 3 and reach the suction side of the blowing device 22 between the ashpit and the oven structure by passing through conduits in the cheeks of the furnace. Combustion gases from the pressure side of the fan pass into the chimney 27 through the damper-controlled conduit 25 or are forced into the vertical flue 8 again through the dampercontrolled conduit 23. Fuel is supplied to the furnace from a bunker 14 which may be separated from the vertical flue 8 by a water heater 15. Specification 523,783 is referred to.
Patent GB-1180505-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in, and relating to a Non-Return Stop Cock
IPC: F16K15/18
Filed: 1968-05-30
Abstract: 1,180,505. Valves. WAVIN N.V. 30 May, 1968 [30 May, 1967], No. 25871/68. Heading F2V. Closure member 5 (Fig. 1) of a stopcock seats on lip 4 of a U-section resilient seat and, when actuating member 10 is in the position shown, member 5 is unseated by water pressure to permit upward flow via perforations 8, but is free to move downwardly to close the valve should reverse flow conditions prevail. In a modification (Fig. 7) closure member 5<SP>1</SP> is provided with a stem 20 which engages spring 19 in member 10, and free flow is only possible from left to right. The closure member may have a spherical portion to engage the seat.