Patent GB-511418-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of high molecular weight halogenated organic compounds
IPC: C08F8/20
Filed: 1937-11-16
Abstract: 511,418. Halogenated hydrocarbon polymers. ARNOLD, C. (Standard Oil Development Co.). Nov. 16, 1937, No. 31437.- [A Specification was laid open to' inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, May 23, 1938.] [Class 70] [Also in Groups IV and III] High molecular weight halogenated hydrocarbons are prepared by treating hydrorubber, or an iso-olefine polymer having a molecular weight between 1000 and 500,000, with a halogen, until a halogen content of from 1 to 50 per cent. calculated on the weight of the product, has been incorporated in the hydrocarbon material. The halogenation may be effected by treating with the free halogen either alone or in the presence of a catalyst or promoter, e.g:, iodine, antimony halide, or ferric or stannic chloride, and is preferably carried out in the presence of an inert solvent, e.g., benzcl or a halogen derivative of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon, e.g., carbon tetrachloride, chloroform or ethylene dichloride ; it may be effected under pressure, in the presence of actinic light, in the presence of peroxides, e.g., benzoyl peroxide, to direct the halogen atoms preferentially to the end carbon atoms in the molecules, at temperatures up to 100‹C., or at temperatures below zero, e.g., at 250‹C. to -50‹C. Bases, e.g., calcium or magnesium oxides or carbonates, or sodium carbonate or bicarbonate, or water containing an insoluble carbonate such as calcium or magnesium carbonate, may be present during the halogenation. If the polymerization is effected in a solvent, the solution may be treated with halogen without separating the polymer. The solutions of the halogenated products may be purified by blowing with air, which may be followed by blowing with ammonia or other volatile amine, or by washing with dilute alkali. The products may be rendered more stable by heating with a basic material such as alcoholic potash, aqueous calcium hydroxide or sodium carbonate or bicarbonate, or by the addition of an aromatic amine such as monoethylaniline or a methyl naphthylamine. The liquid or solid products may be used for moulding purposes, as fine resistant impregnants, as solvents or plasticizers, in the compounding of paints, varnishes, lacquers, coating and impregnating agents, in the compounding of extreme pressure lubricants, either alone or in conjunction with sulphur, sulphurized fatty, fish, animal or vegetable-oils, sulphurized terpenes, or tricresyl phosphate or phosphite, in conjunction with waxes as a wood impregnant, and in admixture with other materials for the preparation of gaskets, hose and chemically resistant lining material for pipes, vats or cans ; they may be plastified with viscous oils, tricresyl phosphate or dibutyl phthalate and may be compounded with rubber, rubber substitutes, resins and bituminous material ; they may be calendered on to fibrous sheet material, e.g., cloth or paper, may be condensed with aromatic hydrocarbons to produce materials suitable as lubricants or blending agents for lubricants, and, in admixture with oily or wax material such as petroleum oil, petroleum jelly or paraffin wax, may be added to solutions of artificial silk to be spun for delustering purposes. In examples, chlorine is bubbled or diffused at room temperature through solutions in carbon tetrachloride of hydrorubber or of isobutylene polymers of various specified molecular weights, a film of polyisobutylene is immersed in liquid chloride, and chlorine gas is passed up a tower filled with packing into which a solution of polyisobutylene in carbon tetrachloride is sprayed at the top.