baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-864621-A (GB)
Title: A method of electrolytically etching the surface of an alloy-type germanium junctiontransistor
IPC: C25F3/12
Filed: 1957-08-30
Abstract: 864,621. Electrolytic etching of germanium junction transistors. SONY KABUSHIKI KAISHA. Aug. 30, 1957 [Aug. 31, 1956], No. 27341/57. Drawings to Specification. Classes 37 and 41. The surface of a germanium junction transistor in which the impurity element has been introduced alloyed with lead is electrolytically etched in an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid. Typically the base of an NPN germanium transistor is connected through a 200 # resistor to one pole of a battery to which the collector and emitter are each directly connected in turn for 12 seconds through a changeover switch, the other pole being connected to a platinum cathode to give a current of 500- 800 mA. in a bath of 25% phosphoric acid at 15-30‹ C. The transistor leads of nickel, " Kovar " (Registered Trade Mark) and solder are only slightly discoloured, as are the emitter and collector which are of lead-antimony or lead-arsenic alloy.
Patent GB-1151197-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Fluid Pressure Actuated Bellows Pump
Inventor: MCCORMICK ALAN GORDON
IPC: F04B43/107
Filed: 1966-06-20
Abstract: 1,151,197. Reciprocating pumps. A. G. McCORMICK. June 20, 1966, No.27372/66. Heading F1A. In a fluid-pressure actuated bellows pump part of the actuating fluid may be passed to accumulator means to vary the stroke of the bellows. As shown the means comprises a spring or gas pressure loaded piston 70 the displacement of which is limited by a variable stop 67. In a modification the piston is replaced by a gas pressure loaded diaphragm.
Patent GB-1061618-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of saturated aliphatic percarboxylic acids
IPC: C07C409/26
Filed: 1964-07-02
Abstract: In a process for preparing organic solutions of saturated aliphatic percarboxylic acids by oxidizing a solution of a corresponding aldehyde in an inert solvent with at least the molar proportion of gaseous oxygen or a molecular oxygen containing gas, in the presence of a soluble iron, cobalt or manganese salt in the range of 0 DEG  to 50 DEG  C., an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic ketone with three to six carbon atoms is used as a solvent for the aldehyde, and the aldehyde and the oxygen are used in a molar ratio 1:1.1 to 2.  Acetone and methyl ethyl ketone are the solvents specified.
Patent GB-1186608-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods and apparatus for making Cushioning and Insulating Materials
Inventor: CHAVANNES MARC ALFRED
IPC: B31D5/00
Filed: 1967-06-14
Abstract: 1,186,608. Laminated cushioning and insulating materials. M. A. CHAVANNES. 14 June, 1967, No. 27403/67. Heading B5N. A laminate, formed of two plastics layers at least one of which is embossed, is heated, compressed so that the embossments are laterally expanded, and then cooled. The compression may be sufficient to cause the walls of the embossments to engage one another and fuse together so that the heat insulation properties and mechanical strength of the laminate are improved. In this case, the laminate takes the form of parallel sheets 11, 17 with spacing walls 10<SP>1</SP> arranged in a network of hexagons, and small dimples 17<SP>1</SP> at the corners of the hexagons. The basic laminate is formed from webs 10, 11 which may be heated by rollers 13, 15 and which are applied to a vacuum embossing roller 12 having a surface layer of silicone or other adhesionresisting material. The composite web so formed is stripped from the roller 12 by a roller 19. The raised portions are then heated by a radiant heater 25, the wavelength being chosen to avoid excessive expansion of the sealed pockets of air. The composite web is then passed around a roller 26 against which it is compressed to expand the embossments laterally by a belt 27 passing around rollers 28, 28<SP>1</SP> and 28<SP>11</SP>. To ensure that the embossments are softened, further radiant heaters 27<SP>1</SP> may be provided and, in this case, the belt may be perforated and one or more of its rollers 28 may be cooled. The roller 26 is also cooled and the processed laminate is stripped off against the roller 28<SP>11</SP>. The composite web may be held against the roller 26 by a vacuum system acting through a porous material on the surface of the roller and channels in the roller which may be connected to a vacuum pump through suitable valves so that no leakage occurs around the uncovered part of the roller.
Patent GB-1401191-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for treating body fluid
IPC: A61K8/25
Filed: 1972-06-13
Abstract: 1401191 Dialysis K N MATSUMURA 13 June. 1972 27496/72 Heading B1X A device for hepatifying body fluids comprises a semi-permeable membrane, means for bringing a body fluid to be treated into contact with one side of the membrane and live liver cells or liver pancreatic islet cells mounted in contact with the other side of the membrane and out of direct contact with the body fluid. In the embodiment shown, each membrane assembly comprises a pair of membranes 12, 13 which may be the same or different, sealed together to enclose a layer of live liver cells 15. Each membrane assembly in the stack shown with similar membranes in adjacent assemblies lies between a pair of support frames 21, 21<SP>1</SP>, facing one another. The frames provide channels 35, 36 for introduction of blood, inparallel flow of blood between alternate pairs of facing membranes and removal of blood, and channels 38, 39 for similar, preferably countercurrent flow of a dialyser fluid (described), prewarmed to 37C and pretreated with a gas stream comprising 95% oxygen, 5% carbon dioxide, between the remaining pairs of membranes.
Patent GB-654163-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of guanidine condensation products
IPC: D06M13/425
Filed: 1947-10-14
Abstract: A wetting agent containing an alkylol-substituted aliphatic guanidium N-alkylol aliphatic carbamate is obtained by treating an aliphatic amine having at least one hydrogen atom attached to nitrogen with carbon dioxide in aqueous or organic solvent solution to form an amine salt of an N-aliphatic carbamic acid, treating this salt with cyanamide, and condensing the resulting product with ethylene, propylene, or butylene oxide.  Amines specified are ethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, isobutylamine, amylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, di-n-butylamine, and preferably those of 8-18 carbon atoms, e.g. octylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, dioctylamine. In examples, (1) octadecylamine in water and ethyl or isopropyl alcohol is treated successively with carbon dioxide, cyanamide, and ethylene oxide; (2) diethylamine, butylamine, or dodecylamine is reacted in water and ethyl alcohol successively with carbon dioxide, cyanamide, and ethylene oxide; (3) octadecylamine is reacted in isopropyl alcohol and water successively with carbon dioxide, cyanamide, and propylene oxide.
Patent GB-862500-A (GB)
Title: Production of chloroprene
Inventor: BELLRINGER FREDERICK JAMES
IPC: C07C21/21
Filed: 1958-08-28
Abstract: Chloroprene is produced by chlorinating a mixture of butadiene with n-butene and/or butane to give a product containing 3:4-dichlorobutene-1 and dichlorobutanes, dehydrochlorinating the former in the presence of the latter, separating chloroprene, and pyrolysing the dichlorobutanes to butadiene and recycling the butadiene to the chlorination stage.  The chlorination is preferably effected as in Specification 798,393; preferably also, the chlorination product is treated, e.g. by boiling in the presence of a copper catalyst such as Cu Cl, to isomerise 1:4-dichlorobutene-2 to 3:4-dichlorobutene-1 in the presence of the dichlorobutanes, before the dehydrochlorination stage.  The dehydrochlorination is preferably carried out by means of an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution, the chloroprene being distilled off as it is formed.  The pyrolysis of the dichlorobutanes to butadiene is suitably carried out by the process of Specification 798,394.
Patent GB-868303-A (GB)
Title: New cyclopentanophenanthrene derivatives and process for the production thereof
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1957-09-02
Abstract: The invention comprises 6-alkyl steroids of the general formula: <PICT:0868303/IV (b)/1> wherein R represents an alkyl group containing at most five carbon atoms, and R1 is H or the residue from a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid of from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, together with a process for their preparation by reacting 17a -hydroxy-progesterone with ethylene glycol, oxidising the resulting 3,20-bisethylene ketal with a peracid to form the 5a ,6a -epoxide, treating the latter with a lower alkyl magnesium bromide to form a 3,20-bis-ethylenedioxy-6BETA- lower alkyl-pregnane-5a ,17a -diol, hydrolysing the ketal groups with dilute acid to yield a mixture of partially dehydrated material, completing the dehydration and epimerising the alkyl group with alkali metal hydroxide in methanol to form a 6a -lower alkyl-17a -hydroxyprogesterone, and optionally esterifying the 17a -hydroxy group.  In Examples (1) to (4), 17a -hydroxyprogesterone, ethylene glycol, and p-toluene sulphonic acid are refluxed in benzene, the resulting diketal treated with perbenzoic acid in chloroform giving 3,20-bis-ethylenedioxy-5a ,6a -oxido-pregnan-17a  -ol, which with ethereal methyl magnesium bromide yields 3,20-bis-ethylenedioxy-6BETA-methyl-pregnane-5a ,17a -diol; subsequent hydrolysis with dilute H2SO4 and treatment with methanolic KOH gives 6a -methyl-D 4-pregnene-17a -ol-3,20-dione, which (5) and (6) is esterified with p-toluene sulphonic and the appropriate acid anhydride to the acetate, propionate, caproate and enanthate.
Patent GB-321025-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of and arrangements for transmitting wireless signals
IPC: H01Q21/12
Filed: 1928-09-26
Abstract: 321,025. Dicker, S. G. S., (Naamlooze Vennootschap Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken). Sept. 26, 1928. Directive signalling.-A method for varying the direction of a beam radiated by a directive aerial system consists in feeding the system so that the amplitude of the oscillations set up in the various radiators of the system regulably increases or decreases from one side to the other, the phases in the said radiators being kept equal. In one embodiment the radiating system is constituted by a transmission line of two horizontal conductors 2, Fig. 1, half a wavelength apart in a vertical plane and a plurality of radiators 3, each a half wavelength long and half a wavelength apart. At both ends the line is closed by coils 5 having an electrical length of one wavelength, or a conductor of this length, and transformers 6 fed from an auto-transformer 8 through conductors 7 and variable inductances 10. The direction of the main radiation, which is normally perpendicular to the plane of the aerial, may be varied through about 30‹, by varying the amplitude of the currents supplied to the ends of the aerial by adjusting the position of contacts 11 on the transformer, the phase-coincidence of the currents along the feeders 7 being controlled by variable inductances 10. In a modification, Fig. 3, the aerial system is fed at one end only, and the amplitude variations in the successive radiators is controlled by variable resistances 12 connected between them, phase-correction being accomplished by inductances 13. The aerial system should preferably be more than one wavelength in length.
Patent GB-1395126-A (GB)
Title: Process and reagent for the determination of triglycerides
IPC: C12Q1/02
Filed: 1973-06-11
Abstract: 1395126 Determination of glycerides BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM GmbH 11 June 1973 [19 June 1972] 27695/73 Heading G1B A process for the determination of triglycerides by enzymatic saponification with lipase and measurement of the liberated glycerol, is characterized in that the saponification is carried out in the presence of carboxylesterase (such as pig liver, esterase) and of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkyl sulphate, the alkyl radical of which contains 10 to 15 carbon atoms. Optionally serum albumen such as bovine serum albumen is present, and cobalt and/or magnesium ions may be included to accelerate the reaction. Preferably the lipase used is from Rhizopus arrhizus. The invention also comprises the reagent for carrying out the above process and comprising a saponification agent, a buffer and a system for the detection of glycerol, wherein the saponification agent comprises a lipase, carboxylesterase and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkyl sulphate, the alkyl radical of which contains 10 to 15 carbon atoms. A suitable glycerol detection system comprises NADH, ATP, phosphoenol pyruvate, lactate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, glycerokinase, Co and/or Mg ions and a buffer. The process finds application in foodstuff analysis and medical diagnosis.
Patent GB-1358743-A (GB)
Title: Device for burning and sound absorbing of exhaust gases
Inventor: RAHIKKA V
IPC: F01N3/20
Filed: 1971-06-15
Abstract: 1358743 Treating exhaust gases; silencing V RAHIKKA 15 June 1971 [16 June 1970 26 May 1971] 27886/71 Heading F1B A silencing and exhaust gas treating appliance comprises a mixing chamber 1 into which exhaust gas is fed tangentially via an inlet tube or tubes 2 and air is fed via an inlet opening 3 and from which the mixture passes via outlet orifice 4 to a chamber 5 where combustion is initiated by spark electrodes 7. A valve body 9 may be provided to vary the area of outlet orifice 4 in reference to the gas velocity. The inner surface of chamber 5 and outer surface of the valve body 9 may be covered with a catalyst such as bauxite, aluminium or platinum sponge. Air fed to the inlet opening 3 may first be passed through the engine crank-case. Additional air may be drawn into the combustion chamber through openings 8.
Patent GB-944274-A (GB)
Title: Removable protective skins for ceramic articles
Inventor: NORRIS ALAN WILLIAM
IPC: C04B41/48
Filed: 1959-08-14
Abstract: A ceramic article is provided with a protective skin adapted to be removed by peeling off, said skin conforming with and lightly adhering to the surface of the article.  The skin, which may be applied by dipping, brushing or spraying, may be formed from an emulsion of polyvinyl butyral modified by the addition of a nonionic surface active agent, an emulsion of polystyrene or prevulcanized rubber latex.  The article may be provided with a tear strip sandwiched between the surface of the article and the skin, to facilitate ready removal of the skin.  In the example, an insulator comprising porcelain, cement and metal, while it is being rotated, is air-sprayed with a composition comprising polyvinyl butyral emulsion, butyl acetate, "Lubrol W" (non-ionic surface active agent) and water.
Patent GB-616656-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the die casting of metals
IPC: B22D17/28
Filed: 1946-09-18
Abstract: 616,656. Casting-machines. BIRMINGHAM ALUMINIUM CASTING (1903) CO., Ltd., FAIRBAIRN, H., and BAKER, W. A. Sept. 18, 1946, No. 27968. [Class 83 (i)] Pouring-apparatus.-In the die casting of metals, the metal is heated in a furnace which is moved into relation with the injection chamber of a casting machine, and maintained in that relation so that it can be subjected to air or gas pressure in order to discharge metal from the furnace chamber into the injection chamber in advance of the means for forcing the charge of metal into the die. The crucible 25 of the furnace 24 is divided into two portions, 34, 35, with a communication 36 between them and provided with a charging aperture 39 including means for introducing air or gas above the metal in the chamber 34 to build up pressure for discharging metal through the removable nozzle 45, of metal or suitable refractory material, which in the discharge position engages a recess 46 in the wall of the injection chamber, from which recess a passage leads into the interior of the chamber. An aperture 52 in the wall of the injection chamber enables the operator to observe the rise of the metal into the chamber, from which it is forced into the die by a hydraulic ram. The furnace 24 is movable on rollers 29 along rails 27 and is propelled towards and away from the casting machine by a pinion 32 engaging a rack 33, being located in position by a tongue on the closure of the chamber 35 which engages between collars 47 on a tie-bar 48, and being drawn into, and held in, position by eyebolts 50. It is preferred to maintain a constant level of molten metal in the chamber 35 during casting, by the use of an adjustably loaded pressure valve. In modifications, the removable nozzle 45 may be heated and the injection chamber may be water cooled. Specification 577,389 is referred to.
Patent GB-1363126-A (GB)
Title: Process for the purification of polyolefins
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1971-06-15
Abstract: 1363126 Purification of polyolefins WACKERCHEMIE GmbH 15 June 1971 [15 June 1970] 28007/71 Heading C3P  Polyolefins prepared in the presence of a hydrocarbon diluent and a catalyst comprising (i) a compound containing at least one Si-H bond, (ii) a compound of a metal of Groups IVa to VIa, and optionally (iii) a compound of a metal of Group IIIb, are purified from catalyst residues and low molecular weight polymer by a continuous process in which the polymerization catalyst is deactivated by the addition of a mixture of one or more C 2  or C 3  alcohols with the hydrocarbon which also forms the polymerization medium, and the polymer is then separated from the liquid. The polymer may be pre-purified by separation from part of the reaction medium and washing with the hydrocarbon solvent, which is a single compound having 6 to 9 carbon atoms, or a mixture of such compounds with a boiling range not more than 4 C. wide. A small amount of dry air or oxygen may be present during the purification. A second purification phase may also be included, in which the polymer is re-slurried with the hydrocarbon or a mixture of the hydrocarbon and the alcohol, and again separated. The polymer is finally dried, and preferably treated simultaneously with superheated steam. Examples describe the continuous polymerization of ethylene, propylene or ethylene + 8 mol. per cent butene-1 in the presence of (i) methylhydrogen-polysiloxane or EtSiH 3  + PhMeSiH 2 , (ii) TiCl 4  and (iii) AlCl 3  or AlCl 3  + Al(OPr-i) 3 , in 2,2,4-trimethylpentane or heptane, followed by purification in which the alcohol used is ethanol and/or isopropanol.
Patent GB-1452556-A (GB)
Title: Ink compositions
IPC: G03G9/13
Filed: 1974-06-25
Abstract: 1452556 Ink composition XEROX CORP 25 June 1974 [27 June 1973] 28049/74 Heading C3P [Also in Division G2] A liquid developer or ink composition comprises, by weight: 3-20% colouring matter; 25-90% inert, non-volatile, organic carrier liquid; and 3-25% resin having a glass transition temperature of 35‹ C. or below, and a particle size of 5 microns or less, dispersed in said carrier liquid; the balance, if any, consisting of other compatible constituents. Preferably the composition also includes up to 25% of a dispersing agent, and may include up to 10% of a drying agent, and the carrier liquid may comprise up to 50% plasticizer. In the examples: the resin is a compolymer of maleic acid and butyl methacrylate having a weight-average molecular weight of about 31,000, the colouring matter is furnace carbon black alone or mixed with alkali blue, the dispersing agent is an alkylated polyvinyl pyrrolidone, the plasticizer is either di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate or diisodecyl adipate, and the drying agent, where used, is a cyclized natural rubber.
Patent GB-160215-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to carburetters for internal-combustion engines
IPC: F02M9/02
Filed: 1919-11-13
Abstract: 160,215. Brown, C., and Brown & Barlow, Ltd. Nov. 13, 1919. Spray carburettors.- Rich mixture produced in a small chamber f is admitted by a stepped groove a to the main air in a mixing-chamber b formed in a sliding throttle valve c, the amount of the rich mixture being regulated by the groove according to the position of the valve. The mixing chamber registers with the carburettor inlet and outlet to form a straight through passage with the throttle full open. To limit the depression as the throttle closes, a small air port d is placed in communication with the mixing chamber b; this port may be long so as to open up gradually, and a second port may be provided which registers with the mixing chamber after the port d. A groove may be made in the throttle slide to act as a by-pass for starting. The fuel supply is controlled independently by a needle valve j.
Patent GB-657707-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to refrigerator latches
IPC: E05B65/00
Filed: 1948-10-29
Abstract: 657,707. Latches. BRITISH THOMSONHOUSTON CO., Ltd. Oct. 29, 1948, No. 28142. Convention date, Oct. 31, 1947. [Class 44] A latch, particularly for refrigerator doors, of the kind which is cocked in the open and tripped as the door is closed to a position in which the latch maintains pressure on a sealing strip around the door, comprises a pair of spaced links carrying a latch bolt with means for actuating one of the links to retract the bolt, the other link being actuated at the same time to move a spring to over-centre position to retain the bolt retracted. On closing, the first link is actuated to move the bolt to latching position, while the other link is actuated to move the spring to the other over-centre position, in which it exerts pressure on the bolt to force the door closed The latch mechanism is mounted on a bracket 29, Fig. 2, of U-shaped cross section, and enclosed in a casing 28, the whole being secured to a bracket 23, Fig. 1, within the double walled door 2. The handle 13 is pivoted to a base plate 14, and a part 78 of the handle is arranged to engage a plun- 'ger 21 to actuate the latch. The latch mechanism comprises U-shaped links 34, 35, pivoted on pins 32, 33 respectively, and carrying the bolt 36, which is of channel shape, and carries at its forward end a roller 59 which engages the striker 49 mounted on the body of the refrigerator. An over-centre spring 40 is mounted on a link 41 which is pivoted to the pin 32 and has a pin and slot connection with the link 35, the spring bearing against the pin 42. In locked position, Fig. 2, the spring, acting through the link 35, forces the bolt 36 against the striker 49, the contact surface of which is inclined, and the movement of the bolt is such as to force the door on to its seating. When the handle is moved to unlatch, the plunger 21, by contact with a part 46, moves the link 34 to withdraw the bolt, so that link 35 is moved to the position of Fig. 3, and spring 40 is forced over centre. On closing the door, the striker 49 hits a part 48 of link 34, and the mechanism assumes the latching position of Fig. 2.
Patent GB-269424-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in closed feed systems for steamships
IPC: F22D11/06
Filed: 1926-11-10
Abstract: 269,424. Weir, Ltd., G. & J., and Sim, J. Nov. 10, 1926. Feedwater, supplying.-In a feed supply system for a steamship power plant comprising main and auxiliary motors, the system is maintained closed whether both the main and auxiliary motors are. in operation or the auxiliary motors only are in operation. When the auxiliary motors only are in operation, as when the ship is in harhonr, the extraction pump z of the condenser b of the auxiliaries delivers condensate through a pipe n into the harbour feed pump f, which discharges into the main feed-pipe v. When all the motors are in operation, as when the ship is at sea, the supply and delivery valves r, s of the harbour pump are closed, and a valve t in a pipe o connecting the pipe n to the main feed pipe v is opened to allow the extraction pump z to deliver into the main feed on the extraction side of the main feed pump w. Supplementary feed is admitted through a pipe h to a tank c below the condenser b under the control of a float in the tank.