baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-539395-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the use of aryl compounds in photography
IPC: G03C1/83
Filed: 1940-03-05
Abstract: 539,395. Organic phosphorus compounds. KODAK, Ltd. (Eastman Kodak Co.). March 5, 1940. No. 4097. [Class 2 (iii)] [Also in Group XX] A photographic developing solution contains as the developing agent a compound of the formula wherein A is a hydroxyl or amino group in an ortho or para position to the substituted amino group, R is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, heterocyclic, cycloaliphatic, or unsaturated aliphatic group, R<SP>1</SP> is an organic grouping, and Y is a phosphoruscontaining group, such as phosphate, phospite, phosphinate, phosphinic acid, phosphonate, or phosphonic acid group. The benzene ring may form part of a naphthalene or other polynuclear system. The benzene ring or polynuclear system may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or amino groups or by groups of the type -NRR<SP>1</SP>-Y. A may be a substituted group and R<SP>1</SP> may be a group.of the type (CH 2 )n, where n is 2 or a higher integer and any of the hydrogen atoms can be replaced by substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, heterocyclic, cycloaliphatic, or unsaturated aliphatic groups, or by hydroxy or ester groups. In a modification, the group -NRR<SP>1</SP>-Y is replaced by an OH or NH 2  group, or by an NH 2  group in which either or both hydrogen atoms are replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, heterocyclic, cycloaliphatic, or unsaturated aliphatic group, and an organic group containing the group Y, such as the group' - R<SP>1</SP>-Y, is attached elsewhere to the benzene ring or, in the case of polynuclear radicals, to one of the rings. The p-phenylenediamine derivatives of the formula and the corresponding ocompounds may be prepared by the reduction of the corresponding nitro or nitroso compounds. The nitro compounds may be prepared (1) by the reaction, in the presence of alkali, of a p-halogen-substituted nitrobenzene and a compound of the formula NH(R) (R<SP>1</SP>-Y); (2) by reaction of a compound of formula NO  2 -C 6 H  4  NR(R<SP>1</SP>.OH) with phosphorus trichloride or oxychloride or with a derivative thereof; (3) by reaction of the compounds NO 2 -C 6 H 4 -NHR and halogen -R<SP>1</SP>-Y; or (4) by reaction of the compound NO 2 -C 6 H 4 -NH (R<SP>1</SP>-Y) with R-halogen, the corresponding oxide, or an analogous agent. The amino compound may also be prepared by reduction of the corresponding arylazo compound. Numerous examples are given. Specifications 2562/ 13, [Class 98 (ii)], 390,093, 397,159, 427,520, [both in Group XX], 447,748, 458,664, 458,665, [both in Group XX], 474,353, 478,933, 478,934, 478,942, 478,983, 478,984, 478,985, 478,986, [Group XX], 478,989, 478,990, 478,991; 493,952, 496,195, 496,196; 496,245, 502,960, 503,752, 509,707, [all in Group XX], and 537,466 are referred to.
Patent GB-906238-A (GB)
Title: Fluid control valves
IPC: F16K31/365
Filed: 1960-02-05
Abstract: 906,238. Valves. GENERAL GAS LIGHT CO. Feb. 5, 1960 [Feb. 18, 1959], No. 4129/60. Class 135. Fluid pressure in conduit 18 enters a chamber 49 and passes through perforations in a flexible diaphragm 48 into a chamber 51, and, due to the area difference between the two sides of the diaphragm, the latter is moved rightwards to urge a closure 63, formed on the diaphragm, on to a seat 43, as shown, at one end of a passage 42 and to move a closure 64 from its seat 44 at the other end of the passage 42, the closure 64 being formed on an imperforate diaphragm 53 and connected to closure 63 by a stem 66 that passes through the passage 42. In this position a load conduit 22 is connected via an annular groove 32, passages 42, 46, a chamber 54 on the left of diaphragm 53, a passage 69; and an annular groove 33 with an exhaust passage 23. Upon supplying a pressure pulse from means, e.g. a valve, not shown, to a chamber 56 on the right of diaphragm 53, the stem 66 is moved leftwards to seat closure 64 and open closure 63, whereupon load passage 22 communicates with conduit 18 through passages 46, 42, groove 32 and chambers 49, 51. The valve arrangement is thus only moved from the position shown when pressure is supplied to chamber 56. The valves are disposed in a cylindrical housing 27 contained in a five-part casing 11, sealing rings 39 being interposed between the housing and casing, which former does not need to be specially aligned with any of the fluid passages in the casing; such an arrangement also permits of the valve assembly being readily replaced. The conduit 18 and chamber 56 may be supplied with vacuum instead of pressure. Specification 864,395 is referred to.
Patent GB-576906-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of zinc
IPC: C22B19/18
Filed: 1943-03-13
Abstract: 576,906. Extracting zinc. NATIONAL SMELTING CO., Ltd., MORGAN, S. W. K., WOODS, S. E., and DERHAM, L. J. March 13, 1943, No. 4130. [Class 82 (i)] In order to produce high-grade zinc dust from a gas containing only a small proportion of zinc vapour and also a similar proportion of carbon dioxide, such as results when zinc is reduced from a sintered ore in a blast furnace, a stream of the gas is shock-chilled to a temperature below the solidification point of zinc and the zinc dust so produced is prevented from remaining in contact with the hot gases of the stream. The gas, while being shock-chilled, may be caused to flow so rapidly that the zinc dust is substantially all carried forwards by the cooled. gas. The gas, which may be produced in at blast furnace 1, Fig. 1, and passed to the outlet 21 through a bed 10 of heated coke, may be shock-chilled by passage through cooled iron tubes 22 at a speed of not less than 20 ft. per second, the zinc dust, instead of settling in the tubes 22, being carried with the cooled gas up through a tube 24, where further cooling occurs, into bag filters 25. The bags are rapped at frequent intervals by shaking- gear 26 to knock off zinc dust, which is collected in hoppers 27 below. Zinc dust which separates from the gas in passing through the tubes 22 falls into a hopper 23, out of direct contact with the main stream of hot gas. The dust is removed from this hopper at intervals. In another arrangement, the gas passes down through a bank of vertical water-cooled iron pipes 29, Fig. 2, and then-up through another bank 30. Some zinc dust separates out in the space 31 in which the gas changes direction, this dust falling on to a conveyer 32 which removes it from contact with the hot gas. Specification 572,960 is referred to.
Patent GB-1137502-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to containers
Inventor: MITCHELL JOHN ROTHWELL
IPC: B64D1/02
Filed: 1965-01-29
Abstract: 1,137,502. Dropping by parachute. G. Q. PARACHUTE CO. Ltd. 25 Jan., 1966 [29 Jan., 1965], No. 4173/65. Headings B7G and B7W. A container for holding articles to be dropped from an aircraft in flight is provided with means for transmitting signals which can be received in positions above the container whilst this is falling from the aircraft to the ground. In the embodiment described, the container is in the form of a cylinder made of hoops 12, 13 and stringers 14, covered by a skin of light alloy coated with a radar-absorbing material such as carbon rubber. The load 40 is suspended within the container on hanks 29 of natural or synthetic fibres such as wool, cotton, nylon, or a plastics material such as polythene. The hanks 29 stretch to absorb some of the landing shocks. The space between an underframe 17, on which a floor is supported, and the skin is filled with a crushable filling 18 to absorb some of the landing shocks. Packing 30 is provided between the load 40 and side rails 15 to prevent sideways movement of the load. Dogs (not shown) carried by the load 40 are engaged by teeth 16 provided on the side rails 15 so as to prevent upward movement of the load. Cones 19, 20 are fitted to the ends of the cylinder, the cone 19 housing a pack 21 containing the main parachutes and the cone 20 having a housing 24 in which the equipment carried by the container, e.g. height sensor, radar, barometric devices or signalling equipment, is housed. The cones 19, 20 also carry retractable aerials in compartments 22, 23. A reflector 25 is housed in the upper part of the cylinder and used with a lamp or radio transmitter to transmit signals. The container is dropped from an aircraft deploying a parachute connected to fixings 41 on the main hipps 12 of the container. Vanes (not shown) cause the container to rotate as it falls with the result that signals returned from the container to a radar station vary so that it is difficult to distinguish them from the sparkle and mush normally received on the radar screens, particularly in cloudy conditions. When the container is at a predetermined height from the ground, as determined by equipment in the housing 24, the main parachutes housed in the pack 21 are deployed. A number of parachutists may keep together whilst falling from an aircraft if a container of the above type is first dropped from the aircraft, the parachutists being able to receive the signals transmitted from the container and so follow the container. The signals may be flashing lights in which the periodicity of the flashing or the colour of the light changes as the rate of descent of the container changes or is about to change. Alternatively, the signals may be beamed wireless signals such that a parachutist can tell from the signals received whether he is in the beam or to the right or left of it.
Patent GB-443704-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to closure-holding attachments for bottles, jars and like containers
IPC: B65D55/16
Filed: 1935-07-15
Abstract: 443,704. Closure-holding attachments for bottles. MOSES, O. ST. J., 18, Manstone Road, Cricklewood, London. July 15, 1935, No. 4268‹/36. Divided out of 443,105. [Class 125 (iii)] Specification 443,105 describes an attachment for holding a closure on a bottle comprising a horizontal hinged joint between the arms 16a and 16b. In the present instance the closure is resiliently held in position by a coiled spring 16 which is integral with said arms. The bottle holding clip 10 is similar to that of the parent case.
Patent GB-390297-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the upholstery of spring mattresses, seats and other furniture
IPC: A47C23/053
Filed: 1932-02-13
Abstract: 390,297. Spring upholstery. CROWN BEDDING CO., Ltd. and WALLIS, L. S., 46, Macdonald Street, Birmingham. Feb. 13, 1932, No. 4306. [Class 52 (iv).] Upholstery springs c are connected to tubular or inverted channel sectioned sheet metal cross-bars by threading the bottom coil through spaced eyes braised from the bar and associated with complementary depressions d therein.
Patent GB-590680-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to coating compositions
IPC: C09D4/00
Filed: 1943-03-17
Abstract: A coating composition comprises a soluble fusible polymer of a diallyl ester of a saturated aliphatic or aryl dicarboxylic acid and as a solvent and polymerization inhibitor therefor an allyl ester having the formula <FORM:0590680/IV/1> where R is hydrogen or methyl and R1 is an alkyl radical of not more than five carbon atoms. Dialkyl esters specified are diallyl phthalate, succinate, glutarate, adipate, isophthalate, naphthalate, oxalate, malonate and sebacate; the allyl ester may be allyl or methallyl acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate or isovalerate.  Fillers, dyes, pigments, lubricants and plasticizers may be added.  The compositions may be applied to metals, paper, wood, netted or woven fabrics, glass fibres, concrete, linoleum, synthetic boards, cork, pottery and felt, or used in making laminated fibrous sheet materials.  Specification 571,496 is referred to.
Patent GB-1012605-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of permanent magnets
IPC: H01F1/04
Filed: 1963-02-02
Abstract: A tube is formed in situ on a rod to be zone-melted by forming a plurality of refractory coatings and at least one intermediate coating of a carbonaceous material which may be a carbonizable material or graphite.  The rod may be a magnetizable iron alloy. Inner and outer coatings may be formed by dipping the rod in a slurry of mullite and potassium silicate, stuccoing with mullite sand, hardening with carbon dioxide, and drying at 110 DEG  C. Two successive intermediate coatings may be formed by painting, spraying or dipping with a slurry of synthetic graphite powder and potassium silicate, and drying at 110 DEG  C.ALSO:In the formation of a columnar crystal structure by the zone-melting of a pre-cast rod of a magnetizable alloy in an elongated tube, the tube is formed in situ from a plurality of refractory coatings and at least one intermediate coating of a carbonaceous material which may be a carbonizable material or graphite.  Inner and outer coatings may be formed by dipping the rod in a slurry of mullite and potassium silicate, stuccoing with mullite sand, hardening with carbon dioxide, and drying at 110  DEG C. Two successive intermediate coatings may be formed by painting, spraying or dipping with a slurry of synthetic graphite powder and potassium silicate, and drying at 110  DEG C. The rod and tube coating may be lowered through a four-turn work coil at a rate of 3/4 inch/minute into a cooling water bath, the surface of which is situated 3 inches below the molten zone.
Patent GB-986031-A (GB)
Title: Thermal measuring apparatus
Inventor: MALONE ERLE WILLIAM
IPC: G01J5/12
Filed: 1963-02-04
Abstract: 986,031. Measuring temperature. BOEING CO. Feb. 4, 1963, No. 4526/63. Heading G1A. A thermo-electric device for measuring thermal parameters including radiant source temperatures, heating rate from any source (by radiation or convection) and the heat transfer coefficient between the source and the measuring device comprises two heating rate sensors of different sensitivities in thermal contact with a heat sink together with means for measuring the temperature of the latter (which must differ from that of the source) and for measuring the temperatures of each of the sensors at a point along its thermal gradient removed from the heat sink. In one embodiment (Figs. 1 and 2) the sensors comprise thin discs of constantan 10, 20, the peripheral edges of which are swaged into respective bores 14, 22 in a copper block 12 which, together with a heat exchanger 28, forms a heat sink the temperature of which is maintained at a predetermined value in relation to the temperature TS of the source S. Thermo-electric junctions 18, 26 are formed on the discs by means of copper conductors 16, 24 and a further temperature measuring device 15, (e.g. a thermocouple) is provided for measuring the heat sink temperature TO. for reference purposes. The Specification shows that, knowing the difference in the sensitivities of the two discs 10, 20 (through theoretical determinations and calibrations), a measurement of the thermo-electric junctions voltages e 1 , eg, and of the voltage e 0  of junction 15 is sufficient to calculate the source temperature Ts, the heating rate due to source and the heat transfer co-efficients between the source and each disc. The two heat sensors may be realized by a single constantan disc with the respective thermo-electric junctions located at different positions along the thermal gradient such as the junctions 36, 38 (Fig. 4) or by the junctions formed by the wires 46, 48 in the arrangement of Fig. 7. An arrangement for calibrating the instruments just described comprising means for heating a strip of constantan by passing a known electrical current through it (or through a spiral heating element associated therewith when it is of circular configuration) and then measuring the voltages produced by thermo-electric junctions formed at different positions on the strip is described with reference to Figs. 8 to 10 (not shown).
Patent GB-121451-A (GB)
Title: Method for the Preservation of Albumen.
Inventor: MARTINUS DIONISIUS MATHIJS VAN
IPC: A23J3/00
Filed: 1918-03-15
Abstract: 121,451. Hagen, M. D. M. van der, and Daamen, B. A. C. Dec. 12, 1917, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Act]. Food preparations; preserving liquids.-In a process for preserving albumen by evaporating it to dryness, the albumen is mixed with milk and the mixture evaporated at a temperature of 100‹ C. at atmospheric pressure, or a lower temperature and a reduced pressure may be employed. The process is stated to be particularly applicable to albumens derived from molluscs.
Patent GB-625876-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in coke oven batteries
IPC: C10B31/04
Filed: 1947-02-17
Abstract: 625,876. Coke ovens ; charging. WILPUTTE COKE OVEN CORPORATION. Feb. 17, 1947, Nos. 4591 and 4592. Convention dates, March 19, 1946 and March 23, 1946. [Classes 51 (ii) and 55 (i)] The horizontal tapered coking chamber of a coke oven is charged from containers fitted with mechanical feeders through at least three openings in the top thereof which have lower portions flared at an angle of 40 degrees - 50 degrees to the vertical, preferably 40 degrees - 45 degrees, and are spaced from each other different distances dependent on the taper such that the volumetric capacities of the portions of the chamber fed from the openings are substantially the same, the capacities of the containers and the rate of feed being such that a gas-collecting space extending throughout the full length of the chamber is left unobstructed during the charging operation for the flow of gas to one or more collecting mains. In one form, Fig. 2, the chamber 25 is provided with gas offtakes 34, 35 leading to collecting mains 38, 39 and is charged through three openings 27-29 from three containers 47-49 of substantially equal capacity which are mounted on a travelling carriage and fitted with rotary feeders, see Fig. 3 (not shown), which effect discharge of the coal through chutes 53 fitted with retractible sleeves. 54. In a modification, Fig. 5 (not shown), each feeder comprises a pan 60 vibrated by an electromagnetic device 61. The meeting planes 62 and 63 of the three piles of coal are stated to be vertical and to always occur in the same places so that an increased quantity of heating gas may be supplied to the flues opposite these meeting planes to compensate for the increased density of charge in these areas and ensure uniform coking. The end flues may also be supplied with an increased amount of heating gas to compensate for the increased density of charge at the ends of the chamber. Only two strokes of the leveller bar are stated to be necessary. In a modification, Fig. 6 (not shown), the chamber is provided with four charging openings. The flow of gas from the collecting mains 38, 39, Fig. 8, to the by-product recovery main 40 is controlled by butterfly valves 42, 43, the former being disposed in a cross-over main 41. With the valves in the position shown, gas from the chambers in the early stages of coking flows into the main 38 and then through other chambers such as 661, 67 which are in an advanced stage of coking, the gas finally flowing through the mains 39 and 41 to the main 40. This arrangement equalizes the pressures in the various chambers and effects cooling of the tops of the chambers. If the valves are moved to the position of Fig. 7 (not shown), the gas flows firstly through the main 39, then through chambers in an advanced stage of coking and finally through the main 38 to the main 40. Either wet or dry coal may be coked in the oven, and if wet coal is used one gas offtake and collecting main may be omitted. Specification 466,247 is referred to.
Patent GB-608888-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of building products
IPC: C04B18/06
Filed: 1946-02-14
Abstract: Relates to the preparation of building blocks from clinker residue from burning coal.  The residue, which has preferably been freed from magnetic material, is screened through a medium size (preferably 3/8 to 5/8 inch square) mesh, and the fraction passing the screen is cracked to pass a second smaller (preferably 1/4 inch) mesh.  This fraction is fed to a furnace where its fuel content is burned, heat and air being supplied under control to effect colour and other changes, and the resultant is screened to remove dust.  The dust is mixed with cementitious or puzzolanic material, and then with the calcined larger clinker, the residue which did not pass the first screen but which has subsequently been crushed to pass the second screen, and water which may contain sodium silicate neutralized with chalk.  The final mixture is pressed or moulded and the product heated preferably by steam or immersian in hot water.  Other substances such as finely-divided red iron oxide or chalk may be added to the mixture to affect its colour and/or quality.
Patent GB-1044232-A (GB)
Title: Valve apparatus for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B33/00
Filed: 1965-02-03
Abstract: 1,044,232. I.C. engine valves. OHLSSON & RICE Inc. Feb. 3, 1965 [April 13, 1964], No. 4638/65. Heading F1B. In a two stroke I.C. engine which includes a valve body 34 having an inlet passage 27, a valve 35 is arranged so as to normally tend to open the inlet in the absence of a pressure differential and to tend to close the inlet in response to crankcase compression. The valve 35 is secured by a U-shaped guard 37, Fig. 2 (not shown) which has a central pocket to clear the heads of clamping rivets 40. The valve may be of rubber, leather or a tetrafluorethylene such as "Teflon" (Registered Trade Mark).
Patent GB-732231-A (GB)
Title: Indicator attachment for the dial of a telephone
IPC: H04M1/23
Filed: 1952-02-22
Abstract: 732,231. Impulse transmitters. LEVISON, L. March 3, 1954 [Feb. 22, 1952], No. 4784/52. Class 40 (4). An indicator attachment for a dial-type transmitter comprises an annular member 15 formed with a collar 12 which fits closely over the base of the dial and is notched at 13 to fit the finger stop. The attachment may be made of metal, cellulose or polystyrene and is stiffened by a peripheral flange 18. The inscription may be applied by silk screen printing or may be inlaid in plastic. Luminous paint may be used. The member 15 may be cut away at A and B so that it can be fitted to a telephone set with a concave front. According to the Provisional Specification the annular member may be a trough-like casing enclosing electric lamps. The inscriptions are then formed by translucent portions of an opaque lid on the trough.
Patent GB-1148635-A (GB)
Title: Encapsulating liquids or solids
IPC: B01J13/16
Filed: 1967-02-01
Abstract: 1,148,635. Microcapsule manufacture. WALLACE & TIERNAN Inc. 1 Feb., 1967 [4 Feb., 1966], No. 4843/67. Heading B8C. Liquid droplets are encapsulated by an inter-facial condensation or addition polymerization reaction between monomeric reactants at least one of which is present in a continuous liquid phase and at least one of which is present in a second liquid phase dispersed in the first by a continuous process wherein there is established a moving stream of the dispersed phase liquid containing dissolved therein at least one of the monomers destined to take part in the polymerization reaction, continuously introducing into it in a dispersionforming zone the continuous phase liquid free from polymer-forming monomer and agitating the mixture to form a dispersion, and continuously introducing the second monomer or group of monomers destined for reaction with those in the dispersed phase in a polymerization zone downstream of the dispersion-forming zone. Numerous monomeric materials are indicated which may be reacted according to the process of the invention to produce microcapsules having shells composed of polyamides, polysulphonamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyurethanes and polyureas with or without cross-linking. The liquids used should be immiscible. Usually, one is an organic solvent, e.g. mineral oil, xylene, benzene, CS 2 , CCl 4  or pentane and the other is water and can be such that the dispersed liquid can solidify to form a solid core after the formation of the capsule,- e.g. styrene and di-t-butyl peroxide.