Patent GB-932618-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for investigating earth formations
IPC: G01V3/38
Filed: 1960-04-14
Abstract: 932,618. Geophysical surveying. SCHLUMBERGER WELL SURVEYING CORPORATION. April 14, 1960 [Apri. 17, 1959], No. 13422/60. Class 37. In a well-logging apparatus the signal indicative of a property, e.g. conductivity at a given depth is applied to a computing device to develop separate signals representing respective values of said property at selective relatively spaced depths which are combined to produce a single output signal to which an indicating device is responsive. The signals corresponding to the respective depths are weighted so that the response to strata of varying conductivity is accentuated. The apparent improvements in sonde sensitivity is shown by curve 41, Fig. 2, which shows the effective sensitivity of a sonde at # 0  after combination with weighted responses of sondes at # 1  and #<SP>1</SP>1, and curve 40 which is the response curve of a sonde centred on # 0 . A transmitter coil 13 Fig. 1, in a borehole 15 is energized by an alternator 10 and the signal induced in coil 14 which is affected by the nature of the earth formations 16 is fed to a phase-selective circuit 19 together with a reference voltage from the alternator. The phase selective circuit may be adjusted so that the signal selected is indicative of the conductance or susceptance of the formations. The output from circuit 19 is modulated on a carrier from a generator 22 and recorded on a magnetic drum 25, signals corresponding to three depths being taken off by three reproducer heads 26-28 which are each fully adjustable arcuately so that three levels suitable to the nature of the formation and/or the coils may be selected. The signals picked up are combined and weighted in a resistance network, Fig. 1a, and the output at terminals 33 is fed to a recorder 34 driven by a measuring wheel 35 mechanically coupled to the borehole cable 12, depth shift means being provided on the recorder to give the correct correlation. The magnetic drive is also driven through the measuring wheel, and the erasing head 25a is provided. The selection of level spacing and weighting factors for predetermined sets of coils is set forth in detail, and an arrangement for picking up a signal from each of a greater number of levels is described with reference to Fig. 7 (not shown). Alternative coil arrangements having a plurality of transmitting or receiving coils or both for improved lateral focusing and to eliminate the effects of the drilling mud are described with reference to Figs. 10, 14 and 16 (not shown), dimensions and dispositions of the coils being given. In an alternative arrangement, Fig. 11, readings at different levels are successively temporarily stored as a voltage in condensers 66a-66f, the voltages being applied through an amplifier 64 having a low output impedance to reduce the take-up time, and a selector switch 67 which is controlled by a multivibrator 73 responsive to pulses developed by a toothed wheel and photo transistor arrangement 69- 71 driven by the measuring wheel. Three more switch banks 78-80 apply sets of three condensers 66a-66f to cathode follower readout circuits 81-83 and through weighting network 84 and amplifier 85 to recorder 86. Numerous response curves for both symmetrical and asymmetrical coil arrangements are described and reference to Figures not shown. A magnetic tape may be used as an alternative form of store.