baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-692094-A (GB)
Title: Methods of heat treating germanium material
IPC: C09B31/02
Filed: 1949-12-29
Abstract: 692,094. Germanium rectifiers. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO., Inc. Dec. 29, 1949 [Dec. 29, 1948], No. 33225/49. Class 37. [Also in Group II] In a method of producing germanium material of a desired resistivity, germanium material having both acceptor and donor impurities is heated at various temperatures or for various lengths of time sufficient to enable the variation of resistivity with previous temperature of or duration of heat treatment to be plotted to form a curve, and then the material is heat treated at a temperature or for a duration determined from this curve, to produce the resistivity desired. Curves A, B, C (Fig. 4), are first plotted to show the type of conductivity (N or P, depending on which side of the neutralizing temperature the heat treatment temperature lies) and the resistivity at 25 C. produced at various heat treatment temperatures between 400 and 900 C. for crystals cut from the top, middle and bottom respectively of an N-type ingot prepared as described in Specifications 632,942 and 632,980, [Group II], allowed to solidify from the base upwards. The changes in resistivity are completely reversible and therefore the curves enable any particular resistivity, to be obtained by heat treatment. Rapid cooling of the P- type material is necessary to prevent reconversion to N-type. Alternatively a crystal may be heated to 900 C. to form it of P-type and then converted to opposite N-type conductivity at a low temperature, e.g. 400 C., for a time insufficient to produce complete reconversion obtained from previously ascertained curves of resistivity versus time of heat treatment (Fig. 5). In Fig. 3 (not shown), ingots are shown after heat treatment at 500 and 600 C. respectively for several hours, and the corresponding curves of peak back voltage on the N-type upper portions of the ingots. A crystal detector is described having end pieces moulded into ceramic or like material, the rectifier elements being carried on pins pushfitted into bores in the end pieces, and the detector sealed by wax introduced through flutings in the pins.
Patent GB-410827-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellulose derivative compositions
IPC: C08K5/06
Filed: 1932-11-25
Abstract: A plasticizer for cellulose carboxylates, nitrates, or ethers in the production of lacquers, &c., comprises an o- or p-alkoxydiphenyl or an alkyl ether of an o- or p-cyclohexylphenol or a mixture of these.ALSO:A plasticizer for cellulose carboxylates, nitrates, or ethers comprises an o- or p-alkoxydiphenyl or an alkyl ether of an o- or p-cyclohexylphenol or a mixture of these.  The alkoxydiphenyls and the cyclohexylphenol ethers are prepared by etherifying the corresponding hydroxy compounds, and examples are given of the preparation of o-methoxydiphenyl, p-ethoxydiphenyl, o-butoxydiphenyl, methyl ether of o-cyclohexylphenol, ethyl ether of p-cyclohexylphenol, and n-butyl ether of o-cyclohexylphenol. The cellulosic compositions may be employed in the production of artificial leather, celluloid, lacquers, films &c.ALSO:A plasticizer for cellulose carboxylates, nitrates, or ethers comprises an o- or palkoxydiphenyl or an alkyl ether of an o- or pcyclohexylphenol or a mixture of these.  The cellulosic compositions may be employed in the production of artificial leather, celluloid, films &c.
Patent GB-970204-A (GB)
Title: Chain
IPC: A44C5/10
Filed: 1963-08-23
Abstract: A thermo-aluminic composition comprises the following ingredients by percentages: .Finely divided Al.15-20 .Oxidizing agents (e.g. alkali metal. .nitrate or chlorate iron oxide,. .manganese dioxide).1-20 .Fluoride (e.g. sodium or potassium. .fluoride, sodium or potassium. .aluminium fluoride, silico-,. .boro-, titano-fluoride).1-15 .Binder (e.g. bentonite or sulphite. .lye.0-10 .Filler (e.g. sand, grog) remainder up to 100.. Specification 627,678 is referred toALSO:Ball races are cast from a steel comprising, by percentages: Mo-6, W-5, Cr-4, V-2, C-0.8, remainder iron.  Specification 627,678 is referred to.
Patent GB-412550-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for playing games
IPC: A63F11/00
Filed: 1932-11-25
Abstract: 412,550. Games apparatus. PRYOR, A. J., 9, Drake Road, Westcliff-on-Sea, and PRYOR, F. C., 141, Fenchurch Street, London. Nov. 25, 1932, No. 33442. [Class 132 (ii).] The invention relates to games apparatus comprising a board formed with a nest of compartments in honeycomb manner, the compartments being closed at each end by a paper sheet secured to the surface of the board, each compartment containing a token which can be ejected by fracturing the paper with a style. According to the invention, each token consists of a strip of stout paper or cardboard scored down a longitudinal line and folded about said line to form a V shape, the token thus gripping the sides of the compartment so that it does not fall out immediately the paper cover is broken.
Patent GB-1223853-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for producing bubble packs
Inventor: FRANKEFORT ARNOLDUS CORNELIS W
IPC: B65B11/52
Filed: 1967-07-20
Abstract: 1,223,853. Packaging. A. C. W. M. FRANKEFORT. 17 July, 1968 [20 July, 1967], No. 33474/67. Headings B8A and B8C. Bubble packs are made by sealing separately fed cards 18 over filled depressions in a plastics web 2 which is heat shrunk and cut into separate packs at 30. The web is fed by a conveyer, for example by endless chains 9, carrying spikes 11 or grippers. The web is heated at 12 before the depressions are formed, for example by a reciprocating mould 13 co-operating with a plunger or an air jet. In the construction shown the cards 18 are fed from a stack by oscillating suction grippers (22) (Fig. 5). The completed package is pushed from the conveyer by a hooked arm 26 which reciprocates with a rod 19, the hook engaging behind the package during the pushing stroke, and lifting clear of the next package during its return stroke. Each card may cover and be sealed on to several depressions and the pack so formed be cut into smaller ones. The packs may be turned over before delivery to facilitate stacking. The conveyer may be adjustable to take webs of different sizes. The cards may have holes for escape/admission of air, and for suspension.
Patent GB-808089-A (GB)
Title: A process for purifying dimethyl terephthalate by distillation
IPC: C07C69/82
Filed: 1956-11-02
Abstract: Dimethyl terephthalate is purified by passing a stream of preheated toluene, xylene or tetrahydronaphthalene vapour through the molten ester whereby it distils over at atmospheric pressure without appreciable decomposition or sublimation.  The introduced vapours are preferably preheated to a temperature of 200-255 DEG  C. The ester distils over with the vapour at 250-260 DEG  C. and is cooled to yield a hard crystal magma which is flaked, washed with a pure aromatic compound, e.g. toluene, and dried.  In the example toluene vapour preheated to 255 DEG  C. is passed through molten dimethyl terephthalate kept at 270-273 DEG  C.  A mixture of ester (75 per cent) and toluene (25 per cent) distils over and is condensed on cooled rollers.  The solid ester is flaked, washed with pure toluene and dried.
Patent GB-391716-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to locking devices for type matter
IPC: B41B1/18
Filed: 1932-11-28
Abstract: 391,716. Printers' composing- appliances. STRAHM, R., 10, Hopfenrain, Berne, Switzerland. Nov. 28, 1932, No. 33606. Convention date, July 16. [Class 100 (iii).] Page-cording and like binding-appliances.-A device for binding type matter, of the kind in which a band surrounds the matter, is provided with a winding mandrel 2 for a metal band 3, which is held between two discs 9, 11, rotatably mounted on the exterior of the flanges of a U-shaped member 1, one of the discs being provided with ratchet teeth with which a spring-pressed locking pawl 13 automatically engages, the space between the flanges of the member 1 being entirely free for the passage of the band. The web of the U-piece 1 is cut away immediately behind the mandrel, which consists of two rods 2, of which the lower ends are attached to the disc 9 and the upper ends are united by an operating member 12 ; one end of the band is attached to the mandrel by passing it through the space between the rods, and the other end is passed round behind the web of the U-piece and through the slot 5. The flat locking pawl 13 is slidably mounted on the upper flange of the member 1 and is provided with teeth to engage corresponding ratchet teeth on the disc 11 ; pins 14, 15 guide the pawl 13 in its sliding movement.
Patent GB-411098-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to cooking stoves
IPC: A47J37/04
Filed: 1932-11-28
Abstract: 411,098. Bakers' ovens. PERKS, T. E., and ROSS, C. E., c/o Still & Son, W. M., Charles Street, Hatton Garden, London. Nov. 28, 1932, No. 33649. [Class 51 (ii).] An oven is incorporated in the bottom of a cabinet in which hot plates 6-11 are pivotally mounted. Travelling chains in the oven carry removable trays for the articles to be cooked. The trays are placed on the chains through the door 3 and removed through the door 4. The temperature of the oven is indicated by a thermometer 38 and is controlled by rheostats 39. A glass inspection panel 5 is provided.
Patent GB-959527-A (GB)
Title: Co-polymers
IPC: C08G2/00
Filed: 1962-09-03
Abstract: A copolymer of a saturated aldehyde and an organic isocyanate containing from two to twenty-four carbon atoms in the molecules has up to twenty-five mole per cent of polymer units corresponding to the organic isocyanate and at least three units per copolymer chain. Formaldehyde is the preferred saturated aldehyde while a list of isocyanates includes phenyl, methyl, n-octadecyl, naphthalyl, cyclohexyl, p-cyano-phenyl isocyanates, 1-4 phenylenediisocyanate, ethylene diisocyanate, diphenyl sulphone-diisocyanate 2-4-tolylene diisocyanate, phenylphosphonic isocyanate and 1-5-naphthalene diisocyanate. The reaction may take place in an inert solvent, e.g. hexane, benzene and ethers. The usual catalysts, e.g. metal organic catalysts, amine catalysts, phosphine, arsine and stilbene catalysts may be used-n-butyl lithium being preferred.  The copolymers may be acetylated, etherified or reacted with an organic isocyanate.
Patent GB-207055-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pressure retaining valves
IPC: F16K17/196
Filed: 1922-12-12
Abstract: 207,055. Judd, E. A., and Dobb, J. F. Dec. 12, 1922. Tyre and like inflating valves.-The valve unit F is fitted with two spring-loaded lift valves, one J adapted to act as a non-return inlet valve, the other J<1> adapted to open outwardly and relieve excess pressure. The valve unit is held against a packing washer G bv a screwed ferrule H screwed into the casing. The screwed nipple K<3> is either screwed to the ferrule or formed integrally therewith. The dust cap has vent apertures E. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 7012/10 and 182,327.
Patent GB-172981-A (GB)
Title: Expansible packing-boxes and means for their construction without nailing
IPC: B65D6/00
Filed: 1921-12-16
Abstract: 172,981. M³ck, K. Dec. 16, 1920, [Convention date]. Boxes formed of separate bodies combined side by side.-Boxes are made up from sections such as that shown in Fig. 5, each comprising a bottom 3 and two side portions 4. The sides are slotted at 5 to take webbed connecting-pieces 6, Fig. 1, for joining several sections together, the webs of the parts 6 having holes for the passage through the sides of screws 7, which serve to hold the parts, together with the lid 2, in position. End walls 1, similarly slotted to take the pieces 6 and'traversed by screws 8, complete the box. In a modification shown in plan in Fig. 4, partitions 10 are interposed between the sections; they are bored to receive pins 12 which pass through central holes in the connecting-pieces 11, these pieces being correspondingly longer than those shown in the former construction. The side walls 4 may be formed of laths &c., which may also be spaced apart, the connecting-pieces being then fitted into the intervening spaces. The ends 1 and the partitions 10 may also be constructed from laths. To give additional strength, bolts, keys, &c. may be used as connecting-means between the parts, and several connecting-pieces may be used for each slot, the pieces being arranged with their webs superposed.
Patent GB-797104-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulic buffers and drawgear
IPC: B61G11/12
Filed: 1955-11-28
Abstract: 797,104. Buffers; draw-gear. MEBOE, Ltd., and LEVIE, M. H. P. A. Nov. 22, 1956 [Nov. 28, 1955], No. 34031/55. Class 103(5) A hydraulic buffer 1 is slidable in a cylinder 2 provided with a flange 3 guided by bolts 4 secured to the vehicle frame 5, the rubber unit 6 being placed between the flange 3 and the frame 5 to absorb a part of the impact energy. A similar combination of a hydraulic unit and a rubber one may be used in yoke-type draw-gear or combined buffer and draw-gear.
Patent GB-406109-A (GB)
Title: An improved lifeguard for vehicles
IPC: B60R21/34
Filed: 1932-12-01
Abstract: 406,109. Vehicle wheel-guards. LLOYD, W. H., 25, Drayton Road, Tottenham, London. Dec. 1, 1932, No. 34032. [Class 103 (ii).] A wheel-guard adapted to move with the steering-wheel of a vehicle comprises upper and lower curved shields 28, 32 supported respectively by the rods 27, 31 of spring-pressed plungers 26, 30 contained in fixed and pivoted cylinders 21, 22 in a casing 20 fixed to the front end of a bar 14 which is pivoted on a fixed bolt 13 supported by a bracket from the front axle of the vehicle so that the bolt is coaxial with the stub axle 3 the bar 14 being connected at its other end to the link-rod 15 of the tie-rod 5 of the steering mechanism. The cylinders are separated by a spring 37a. The shields lessen the force of collision with an object but on encountering an immovable object the lower shield 32 moves vertically against spring-action to ride over the obstruction, abutments 33 riding up the rear face of the shield 28 and a roller 35 on an extension of the rod 31 rolling on a fixed inclined surface 36. Stay rods 37, 40 are provided between the shields and the casing 20 and cylinder 21 for strengthening purposes.
Patent GB-756069-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coal face shoring structures
Inventor: FISCHER AUGUST
IPC: E21D17/086
Filed: 1953-12-08
Abstract: 756,069. Mine roof supports. BECORITGRUBENAUSBAU GES. Dec. 8, 1953, No. 34089/53. Class 20(2). Mine roof supporting girders are connected by a unit 3 comprising a pivot bolt 5 formed in one unit with a wedge 6 which is driven between the ends of two girders to hold one of them against the roof while props are placed beneath it. The bolt and wedge may be releasably connected. The girders engage by a tongue 10 and a fork 9 and the wedge is driven in an aperture 7a in the tongue 10 and engages the end of the fork. In Fig. 4 the wedge 6 engages downwardly extending parts of the girders beneath the bolt 5.
Patent GB-1377624-A (GB)
Title: Cephalosporin compounds
IPC: C07D501/22
Filed: 1972-07-07
Abstract: 1377624 3-Allyl-cephalosporin compounds GLAXO LABORATORIES Ltd 7 July 1972 [21 July 1971] 34268/71 Heading C2C Novel 7-aminocephalosporanic acids having the Formula (VII) and acid-addition salts and base salts thereof, wherein R<SP>2</SP> is hydrogen or a carboxyl-blocking group, Z is >S or >S-#O, R<SP>4</SP> is an electronwithdrawing group (e.g. cyano, carboxyl, acyl, C 1-6  alkoxycarbonyl or mono- or di-aryl-C 1-6  alkoxycarbonyl), R<SP>8</SP> and R<SP>9</SP> are identical or different and each is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic group, and the dotted line indicates a double bond in either the 2,3- or 3,4-position, are prepared by reacting a carbonyl compound of formula R<SP>8</SP>.CO.R<SP>9</SP> (wherein R<SP>8</SP> and R<SP>9</SP> are as defined above) with a 3-phosphoranylidene ethyl cephalosporin compound of Formula (V) wherein R<SP>5</SP> is a carboxylic acyl group, R<SP>2</SP>, Z, R<SP>4</SP> and the dotted line have the aforesaid meanings, and each R<SP>3</SP> group may be identical or different and is an organic group (e.g. C 3-10  alkyl, C 5-8  cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl or di(C 1-6  alkyl)amino), and subsequently N-deacylating to replace the group R<SP>5</SP> by hydrogen; and if desired (i) converting a #<SP>2</SP> isomer into a #<SP>3</SP> isomer; (ii) reducing a compound in which Z is >S-#O to give a compound in which Z is >S; (iii) removing a carboxyl-blocking group R<SP>2</SP> to give the free carboxylic acid; and (iv) converting the product into a base salt, an acid-addition salt or an ester. The compounds (VII) are intermediates for the production of novel cephalosporin antibiotics of Formula (I)  wherein R<SP>1</SP> is a carboxylic acyl group and R<SP>4</SP>, R<SP>8</SP> and R<SP>9</SP> are as previously defined, and non- toxic salts and esters thereof, by a process comprising N-acylating the said intermediate and subsequently carrying out the aforesaid procedures (i), (ii), (iii) and optionally (iv). The carbonyl compound R<SP>8</SP>.CO.R<SP>9</SP> may be an aldehyde or ketone, for example formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde or glycolaldehyde or a glyoxylic ester (e.g. tbutyl glyoxylate. The reaction may be effected in a reaction-inert solvent at - 30‹ to + 100‹ C., preferably in the presence of a weak organic acid or a weak base (e.g. benzoic acid or NaHCO 3 ). The antibiotically active cephalosporins (I) or their salts or esters may be formulated in a conventional manner with a pharmaceutical carrier or excipient to provide antibiotic pharmaceutical compositions.
Patent GB-1020131-A (GB)
Title: Combustion apparatus
Inventor: CLARK JOHN STANLEY
IPC: F02C7/236
Filed: 1962-09-07
Abstract: 1,020,131. Vapour burners. JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd. Nov. 28, 1963 [Sept. 7, 1962], No. 34307/62. Heading F4T. [Also in Divisions F1 and G3] A gas turbine plant comprising a turbine driving a compressor supplying a combustion chamber discharging through the turbine to a heat-exchanger has a fuel vaporizer disposed in the combustion chamber and means for adjusting a valve through which air is supplied to the vaporizer so as to maintain the fuel to air ratio in the vaporizer substantially constant. A gas turbine engine comprises a turbine 13 driving a compressor 12 supplying air to a combustion chamber 10 feeding through the turbine 13 to a heat-exchanger 14. A subsidiary compressor 17 receiving air from compressor 12, or atmosphere, supplies air to vaporizer 11 through a valve 21. A servomotor 43 controls valve 21 in response to liquid fuel flow, i.e. pressure, to spray nozzle 34 sensed by device 25, so as to maintain the fuel to air ratio in the vaporizer 11 substantially constant. A diaphragm 28 in device 25 senses the air supply pressure and causes adjustment of valve 21 with changes in that pressure. Fuel is supplied to nozzle 34 by a variable swashplate pump 29 through a throttle valve 32. A device 36 adjusts the output of the pump 29 so as to maintain the pressure drop across throttle 32 constant. When valve 21 is not fully open part of the air from compressor 17 is passed back through duct 23.
Patent GB-815754-A (GB)
Title: Process for extracting phenols from phenolic oils
Inventor: BEMMANN RUDOLPH
IPC: C07C37/86
Filed: 1955-12-01
Abstract: <PICT:0815754/IV (b)/1> Phenols are extracted by treating phenolic oils with aqueous alkali-metal carbonate solution under pressure and at temperatures over 100 DEG  C. in a vertical column 1 containing two separate layers of packing bodies located one above the other, the upper layer being fed from above with the alkali-metal carbonate solution via 7 and the lower layer with the phenolic oil via 8, while steam is blown in below the lower layer of packing bodies at 9, a mixture of steam and oil vapour and carbon dioxide gas being drawn off at the top of the column without reflux via 2 and a phenolate solution being withdrawn from the bottom of the column via 11.  The phenols may be obtained from the phenolate solution by acidification with the carbon dioxide released during the extraction, and the alkali-metal carbonate solution thus obtained may be recycled to the extraction.  The steam and oil vapour from the top of the column are condensed and collected at 4 and include neutral oil containing phenols which may be totally or partially recycled to the extraction. Selective dephenolization may be effected by using less alkali-metal carbonate solution than is required for complete dephenolization, the lower-boiling phenols tending to be preferentially extracted. Phenolic oils mentioned for use in the process are coal-tar fractions, oils from low temperature carbonization of brown coal and from the hydrogenation of coal and brown coal, and an oil obtained by distillation of the extraction medium from extracts obtained by extracting waters containing phenol with butyl acetate according to the so-called phenol solvane process.  Examples are given.
Patent GB-1220627-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for sizing tapered steel tubes
IPC: B21B17/14
Filed: 1968-07-19
Abstract: 1,220,627. Rolling tubes. NIPPON KOKAN K.K. 19 July 1968 [21 July, 1967], No. 34476/68. Heading B3M. A tapered steel tube is sized by passing through rolls whose working surfaces are hyperbolic in cross-section.
Patent GB-930493-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to casement stays and the like
IPC: E05D11/06
Filed: 1958-10-28
Abstract: 930,493. Hinges; stays. A. L. CROXON. Oct. 28, 1959 [Oct. 28, 1958], No. 34485/58. Classes 65 (1) and 65 (2). A stay for limiting the opening of two relatively hinged elements which have faces lying in close relationship in the closed position comprises a pair of fixing plates 3, 4 each having a projecting arm 1, 2 provided with a dog 5, 6 and an opening 7, 8 through which the arm on the other plate can pass to permit the faces from which the arms project to lie in close relationship, the plates being adapted to be secured to the respective faces of the hinged elements so that the dogs abut when the elements have opened to a predetermined extent. Preferably, as shown, the plate 3 has two arms 1 and the arm 2 has two oppositely directed dogs 6. A spring-loaded plate 13 may be located behind one of the apertures 7, 8 to resist entry of the end of the corresponding arm and thereby to cushion the closing movement. The plates 3, 4 may be hinged together.