baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-987761-A (GB)
Title: Nitrogen and silicon-containing compounds
IPC: C07F7/08
Filed: 1962-01-26
Abstract: The invention comprises cyclic silazanes having the general formula <FORM:0987761/C3/1> wherein each R is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic group, A is a hydrogen atom or a group R31Si-, at least one A group being R31Si-, each R1 group being halogen, any of the groups defined under R, or (R3Si)2N-, and n is 2, 3 or 4.  The R groups may contain fluorine as a substituent.  The compounds are prepared by reacting, in the absence of moisture and oxygen, a cyclic silozane of the general formula <FORM:0987761/C3/2> where R is as above, Y is a hydrogen atom, aralkali metal atom, or a Grignard group, m is 2, 3 or 4, with an ester having the general formula R31SiZ, where R1 is as above, and Z is an inorganic acid anion.  The cyclic silozanes which are used as starting materials are prepared in known manner from diorgano silicon halides and anhydrous ammonia, or in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, or diethyl ether. Specified starting materials are hexamethyl-, hexaethyl-, hexapropyl-, hexabutyl-, hexaoctyl-, hexalauroyl-, hexabenzyl-, hexacyclohexyl-, hexaphenyl-, hexatoyl- and hexanaphthylcyclotrisilazanes and cyclotetrasilozanes.  The cyclosilozanes may also contain polyfluorinated lower aliphatic groups and perfluorinated aromatic groups, those specified being -CF3, -CH2CF3, -CF2CF3, -C6F5, and -C12F8. Specified R13SiZ compounds are trimethyl-, triethyl-, tripropyl-, tributyl-, trioctyl-, trilauryl-, tribenzyl-, tricyclohexyl-, triphenyl-, tritolyl, and trinaphthyl-silicon chlorides, bromides and fluorides, Cl(R1)2Si-Z, Cl2(R1)Si-Z, Cl3Si-Z [(R3Si)2N]SiCl3, [(R3Si)2N]2SiCl2 and [(R3Si)2 N]3SiCl.  The reaction to produce the silozanes of the invention is carried out with or without a solvent and preferably at 100-250 DEG C.  When replaceable halogens are attached to silicon, the cyclosilazanes may be hydrolysed to the corresponding organosilozane silanols, or to their dimeric or polymeric condensation products. The examples describe the preparation of:  (1) and (4) N,N1,N11 - tris - (trimethylsilyl) - hexamethyl cyclotrisilozane; (2) N,N1,N11 - tris - (trimethylsilyl) - hexaphenylcyclotris - silozane; (3) and (7) N,N1 - bis - (trimethyl silyl) - octamethylcyclotetrasilozane; (5) N,N1 - bis - (trimethylsilyl) - hexamethylcyclotrisilazane; (6) N - trimethylsilyl - hexamethyltrisilazane; (8) N,N1,N11 - tris - (trimethylsilyl) - octamethyl - cyclotetrasilazane; (9) N,N1 - bis - (trimethylsilyl) - tetramethylcyclodisilazane; (10) N-trimethylsilyl - hexaphenylcyclotrisilazane; (11) N,N1,N11 - tris - (trimethylsilyl) - hexaethylcyclotrisilazane; (12) N,N1,N11 - tris - (dimethyl - chlorosilyl) - hexaphenylcyclotrisilazane.  Uses.-Heat transfer liquids, lubricants, hydraulic oils, anti-foaming agents, antioxidants, stabilizers, vulcanizers, auxiliary agents for textiles, accelerators, plasticizers, hydrophobic agents, and flame-proofing agents.
Patent GB-1480271-A (GB)
Title: Receiver and transfer device for use in receiving articles at a first location and transferring the articles for discharge at a second location
IPC: A21C7/00
Filed: 1974-01-22
Abstract: 1480271 Feeding dough into moulds ODDY Ltd 22 Jan 1975 [22 Jan 1974] 02980/74 Heading B5A A plurality of dough pieces divided from a hopper supply 10 (Fig. 1) are simultaneously received on a transfer device 14 for inserting into pockets in a shell 24. The pieces are received on respective catchers 28 (Fig. 2, plan view) which are then moved apart and thereafter rotated to drop the pieces into the spaced moulds. Alternatively, the pieces can be received on separated catchers, which are thereafter moved together. Each catcher 28 is keyed to a shaft 31 for rotation therewith but also for sliding therealong by a parallelogram linkage 33 which is expanded and contracted by a ram/piston 32 while guided by a sliding pin 47. The shaft 31 is rotatably mounted in plates 29, 30 and is rotated by a crank arm 42 and pivoted ram/piston 39, 40 (see also Fig. 4) to rotate the catchers 28 into a vertical position (shown dashed). Cams arranged on a cam-shaft ensure that the catchers 28 are rotated only after their separation has been effected. Operation.-Dough from hopper 10 (Fig. 1) drops by gravity and suction to be fed by a plunger 16 into four adjacent mould cavities 18 (shown dotted) of length controlled by plungers 20. A crank 19 then moves the cavities 18 and attached transfer device 14 downwards as shown, and a rod 22 operates a discharge shoe 21 to push the four dough pieces on to the contiguous catchers 28 of the transfer device 14. As the moulds 18 move upwards again, sticking dough is removed by a knife 23. The ram/piston 32 (Fig. 2) operates to expand the parallelogram linkage 33 and so space the catchers 28 apart. The piston 40 is retracted to rotate the shaft 31 and attached catchers 28 through 90 degrees, to drop the dough pieces into respective pockets of a row in a rotatable shell 24 (Fig. 1). The pieces are rolled into balls between an endless belt 26 and vibrating cylinder 25, and deposited in a row on a belt run 11 for dropping on to a baking tray.
Patent GB-1139282-A (GB)
Title: Process for purifying ethylene glycol
IPC: C08G63/16
Filed: 1967-01-19
Abstract: 1,139,282. Ethylene glycol, purification of the material recovered from the manufacture of polyesters. E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. 19 Jan., 1967 [1 Feb., 1966], No. 3066/67. Heading B1B. Ethylene glycol, recovered from the manu-   facture of polyesters, is purified by evaporating part of the glycol until the solid impurities (e.g. sodium salts of terephthalic acid) are precipitated and form a slurry with the remaining liquid, and submitting the vapour, or condensate thereof, to fractionation under vacuum, the purified glycol being withdrawn from the fractionation column as an intermediate fraction. The "spent" glycol is fed through pipe 1 to evaporator 2 where it is partially evaporated, under vacuum and at a temperature below 175C., so that the solids are precipitated. The slurry and the vapour flow to separator 4, whence the separated slurry flows down to evaporator 6 (e.g. a drum drier) in which 90% of the glycol is vaporized. The vapour flows to condenser 9, and the condensate is recycled through pipe 10 to evaporator 2. The vapour flowing from separator 4 through pipe 11 is condensed in condenser 12, and the condensate is introduced into the upper section of column 47. Alternatively, the glycol can be introduced as vapour into column 47. Low-boiling impurities, e.g. water, methanol and acetaldehyde, are removed from the top of column 47, which is operated at a high reflux ratio under vacuum, e.g. 200 mm. Hg absolute; and the bottoms liquid withdrawn from the base of the column is fractionated in column 35, which is also operated under vacuum. Purified glycol vapour is taken off from the top of column 35 and condensed; the condensate being passed through a column 45 containing activated carbon, and collected in the product storage tank. The residual slurry purged through pipe 7 and the high-boiling impurities discharged through pipe 37 are burned in an incinerator. The solids-free glycol from separator 4 may, alternatively, be fractionated in a single column from which is removed a vapour sidestream comprising the purified glycol.
Patent GB-555911-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tubulous vapour generators
IPC: F22B31/04
Filed: 1942-03-09
Abstract: 555,911. Steam generator furnaces. BABCOCK & WILCOX, Ltd. March 9, 1942, No. 3031. Convention date, June 14, 1941. [Class 51 (i)] [Also in Group XIII] A water-tube steam or vapour generator comprises combustion chambers 10, 12 having watertube walls and separated by a water-tube partition wall 46. The combustion chambers are separately fired at the top by pulverized fuel burners 14, 16 and the lower parts of the combustion chambers and of an extension thereof below a convection pass are inclined downwardly towards an opening leading to an ashpit 133. The gases from the combustion chamber 10 pass through openings 20 ... 28 in the partition 46 formed by bending the tubes out of the plane of the partition, enter the lower part of the combustion chamber 12 and flow to the convection pass with gases from the combustion chamber 12. After passing over steam superheater and economizer elements in the convection pass the gases pass to an air heater 32 communicating by ducts with the burners 14, 16. The tubes of the partition wall 46 are connected to a lower water drum 54 and an upper steam-and-water drum 48 which is connected to the lower drum by downcomer pipes 50, 52. The vertical tubes extending over the side and front walls and hopper shaped chamber at the base of the generator are connected to upper and lower headers and to the upper and lower drums 48, 54. Tubes 106 which pass over the rear wall 108 are bent at 112 to form a screen below the convection pass and then pass upwardly to form a partition between the combustion chamber 12 and convection pass before entering a header communicating with the drum 48. The tubes of the partition 46 situated at 134, 136 within the ashpit are protected by blocks 138. Steam from the drum 48 after passing through superheaters 148, 150 is led to an attemperator 158 and then to a superheater 166 from which it is led to a point of use. Feed water is fed to economizers 186, 192 and thence to the drum 48.
Patent GB-1396282-A (GB)
Title: Multicolour printing
IPC: B41M1/10
Filed: 1971-04-22
Abstract: 1396282 Intaglio printing surfaces; multicolour arrangements COLORFLO Ltd 27 April 1972 [22 April 1971] 3045/75 Divided out of 1396281 Heading B6C The subject-matter of this Specification is identical with that described in Specification 1,396,281, but the claims are concerned with the distributer plate.
Patent GB-564748-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for training aircraft pilots
IPC: G09B9/30
Filed: 1943-02-25
Abstract: 564,748. Advertising apparatus. RUTHERFORD, S. H. Feb. 25, 1943, No. 3080. [Class 3 (i)] [Also in Groups XI, XX, XXIV, XXXIII and XL] A sphere is rotated about any desired diametral axis by supporting it by the face or faces of one or more revolving discs which transmit rotation to the sphere frictionally either directly or indirectly. It is applicable to apparatus for training' air pilots, X-ray examination, advertising, to educational appliances, or as a mounting for telescopes, searchlights, or directional wireless aerials and reflectors. As shown, a sphere 6, Fig. 2, is supported by the faces of two discs 7, 8, on spindles 9, 10, carried by bearings 11, 12, the sphere being positioned by castors 13. To rotate the sphere about any diametral axis, the spindles 9, 10 are rotated and also moved in a plane perpendicular to their axes. Secondary spheres 27, 28, Fig. 5, may be interposed between the main sphere 29 and the discs 30, 31, such spheres 27, 28 being guided by wheels 36. Means for moving a pair of supporting discs 37, 38, Figs. 6 and 7, comprises a framework of pivoted links to which are connected three operating rods 46, 55, 56 for controlling rotation of the sphere about three mutually perpendicular diametral axes. A single lever 72 for operating three control rods 76, 77, 80, is shown in Fig. 10. Sideways movement of lever 72 rotates a tubular shaft 73 to move rod 76. To-and-fro movement of lever 72 about a pivot 81 operates rod 80, and rotation of lever 72 above the pivot 81 operates rod 77. Specifications 530,370 and 548,093, [Group XXXIII], are referred to.
Patent GB-510445-A (GB)
Title: Non-skid outer covers for pneumatic tyres
IPC: B60C11/20
Filed: 1938-02-01
Abstract: 510,445. Wheel tyres. SMYTH, P. S. Feb. 1, 1938, No. 3092. [Class 144.(ii) A non-skid tyre, comprises a series of embedded wire cables 1 ... 5 of helical or wavy formation arranged at intervals from the tread apex so as to be operative throughout the wearing life of the tyre.
Patent GB-849236-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cyclic olefines
IPC: C07C13/275
Filed: 1958-01-30
Abstract: The Specification comprises trans-trans-transcyclododecatri-1, 5, 9-ene with a b.p.13 mm. of 95 DEG  C. and a melting point of 34 DEG C. and a process for producing cyclododecatri-(1, 5, 9)-enes and other cyclic olefines with at least eight carbon atoms and at least two double bonds in the ring by the cyclising polymerisation of butadiene, isoprene or piperylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising one or more chromium halides and one or more aluminium hydrocarbons.  The starting hydrocarbon may be a gas mixture containing the starting material such as the product of dehydrogenation of butane or butene.  The preferred aluminium hydrocarbons are aluminium trialkyls, alkyl hydrides or dialkyl monohalide and may be used with a chromium halide or hydroxy halide. Two suitable catalysts are chromic chloride and an aluminium trialkyl or dialkyl hydride and chromyl chloride and aluminium triethyl, the latter mixture preferably being such that the molar ratio of Cr. to Al is 1 : 4 to 1 : 5.  Inert solvents such as benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene or hexane can be used.  Temperatures of -20 to 150 DEG  C. can be used at any pressure, preferably atmospheric.  The product can be hydrogenated to cyclododecene or cyclododecane and these can in their turn be oxidised to decane-, 1, 10-dicarboxylic acid; the cyclododecatriene can be oxidised to succinic acid.ALSO:A catalyst for forming cyclic olefines from butadiene, isoprene or piperylene comprises a mixture of a chromium halide and an aluminium hydrocarbon.  The chromium halide may be chromic or chromyl chloride.  The aluminium compound may be a trialkyl, an alkyl hydride or a dialkyl monohalide.  A preferred mixture of chromyl chloride and aluminium triethyl has a Cr to Al molar ratio between 1 : 4 and 1 : 5.
Patent GB-719934-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to glands for rotary pumps, mixing machines, stirring machines, rotary engines and like machines
IPC: F16J15/38
Filed: 1951-02-09
Abstract: 719,934. Stuffing-box substitutes. JARVIS, A. J. Feb. 8, 1952 [Feb. 9, 1951; April 4, 1951], Nos. 3194/51 and 7810/51. Class 122(5) A gland for the shaft 54 of a rotary pump or the like comprises a casing formed by a hub part 51 and a bearing housing part 53 axially separable therefrom, a sealing ring comprising a sleeve 72 surrounding the shaft and floatably mounted in the hub part 51 by means of a resilient sealing ring 78, and an inclined surface 71 diverging from the sleeve 72 and urged by spring means 77, disposed between the sealing ring and the casing, into contact with a complementary surface 70 on a seal element 67 detachably carried on the shaft 54 and axially removable therefrom for inspection when the casing parts are separated. The inner races 59 of two axially spaced ball bearings are mounted on a sleeve 56 which is held on the shaft between a boss 58 on the shaft and a nut 62 and carries at one end the seal element 67 prevented from relative rotation by axial pins 69. There are three springs 77 each mounted on a pin 74 held between the casing parts 51. 53 and passing through a hole in a flange 73 of the sealing ring.
Patent GB-977477-A (GB)
Title: The preparation of mono sulfonic acid anhydrides of halogen substituted aromatic hydrocarbons
Inventor: CHRISTENSEN NIELS HESSELBJERG
IPC: C07C/
Filed: 1962-01-29
Abstract: A mono-sulphonic acid anhydride of a halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon is obtained by sulphonating the halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of sulphur trioxide and a nitroalkane containing at most 6 carbon atoms per molecule.  Preferably, the sulphonating agent comprises pure sulphur trioxide dissolved in the nitro-alkane, the concentration of SO3 being in the range of 0.3 to 0.6 grams of SO3 per millilitre of nitroalkane.  Preferably the sulphonating agent is mixed with the halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon in such a proportion as to obtain a concentration of from 1.4 to 2.0 mols of SO3 per mol of the halogenated hydrocarbon. The temperature of the reaction mixture is preferably maintained at, or near, 0 DEG C.  The sulphonated product precipitates from the reaction mixture as an anhydride, and is isolated by filtering or centrifuging the reaction mixture. Halogenated hydrocarbons specified are iodebenzene, bromobenzene, m-chlorotoluene, p-chlorotoluene, m-bromotoluene, 1-chloronaphthalene, 1-bromonaphthalene, 2-bromonaphthalene, chlorobenzene, unsym. trichlorobenzene, and o-chlorotoluene. The Specification refers to the use of a sulphonating agent containing the isotope S3 5 (see Division G6). Detailed examples are given, illustrating the sulphonation of iodobenzene in the presence of nitromethane to form p-iodobenzenesulphonic acid anhydride.
Patent GB-1484562-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing encapsulated drops of fruit materia
IPC: A23L21/10
Filed: 1973-01-23
Abstract: 1484562 Encapsulation process UNILEVER Ltd 21 Jan 1974 [23 Jan 1973] 3334/73 Heading B8C [Also in Division A2] Encapsulated liquid droplets are produced by coating droplets of an aqueous fruit material containing dissolved calcium or aluminium ions with an aqueous alginate or pectate sol as the droplets are formed and the coated droplets are then contacted with an aqueous solution containing dissolved calcium or aluminium ions whereby the liquid droplets become coated with a shell of calcium or aluminium alginate or pectate. Suitable apparatus for carrying out the process is shown in the figure wherein the liquid to be encapsulated is led through the inner tube 1, 2, suitably with the assistance of an oscillating air pressure delivered via the tube 4, alginate or pectate sol is led to the zone 7 via tube 8 so that droplets emerging from the end 3 of tube 1, 2 become coated therewith and fall directly into the bath 9 containing Ca<SP>++</SP> or A1<SP>+++</SP> ions.
Patent GB-1486671-A (GB)
Title: Pipe couplings
IPC: F16L37/091
Filed: 1975-01-25
Abstract: 1486671 Pipe connector HEPWORTH PLASTICS Ltd 25 Jan 1975 3341/75 Heading F2G A pipe coupling comprises a tubular member 1 having a bore 3 an annular cavity 2 formed into one end spaced radially from the bore, wherein a pipe member 14 is received to be engaged by a sealing ring 4, retained within the cavity by flange portion of an annular cap 5, which is secured to the outside of the tube. Preferably, washer 9 together with a locking ring 8 which is adapted to engage an inserted plastics pipe to provide a mechanical coupling, are arranged within the cavity as shown; support for the clamping action being provided by a spigot portion 13 defined between bore 3 and cavity 2 of the tubular member. The locking ring 8 which is suitably of hard plastics or metal may be slitted to facilitate pipe insertion and the end cap 5 and tubular member 1, formed preferably of hard plastics, may be interlocked by the provision of co-operating corrugated portions or screw threads as shown.
Patent GB-367156-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in small model dynamos
IPC: H02K13/00
Filed: 1931-02-03
Abstract: 367,156. Dynamos. SMART, B. A., High House, Billingford, Elmham, Norfolk. Feb. 3, 1931, No. 3370. [Class 35.] Brushes and collectors.-A small model dynamo has its shaft in two portions insulated from each other to which the ends of the armature winding are connected, and the generated current is led off from insulated bearings. The shaft ends may be pointed and mounted between conical or concave bearings having seven adjustments. The field may be constituted by a permanent magnet. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 18122/97 and 143,720, [both in Class 35, Dynamo-electric generators &c.].
Patent GB-452286-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to scaffolding and like clips or clamps
IPC: E04G7/16
Filed: 1935-10-03
Abstract: 452,286. Scaffold clamps. MILLS, Ltd., EXECUTORS OF J., Bredbury Steel Works, Bredbury, near Stockport, and MACBETH, A., Broadway, The Firs, Bowden, Altrincham, both in Cheshire. Oct. 3, 1935, No. 3422. [Class 20 (ii)] A scaffold clamp comprises two U - shaped members, locked or pivoted together at their bases, and bolts extending through the arms of the members which are shaped to cause them to embrace the scaffold members they enclose. In one form, the U- shaped members 1, 2 may be formed from a single blank by bending pairs of arms of a crossshaped blank in opposite directions, and in another form the U -shaped members are formed separately from single blanks and interlocked at their base portions. The arms of the members are slotted at 7 and 9 in directions at right angles, the slots 9 being open-ended ones while the slots 7 extend into bent-over lips 6 of the arms in which they are cut. A bolt 8 extends across the open end of each U-shaped member and each bolt is provided with eccentrically disposed side faces to give a range of adjustment so that various sizes of scaffold members may be accommodated in the clamp members. In a modification, the U-shaped members are formed separately and are loosely pivoted together, or are secured together in an adjustable manner.
Patent GB-197372-A (GB)
Title: Obtaining light hydrocarbon distillates
Filed: 1922-02-06
Abstract: 197,372. Hovey, D. W. Feb. 6, 1922. Hydrocarbons, cracking; bulk evaporators.-In treating crude petroleum, gas oil, fuel oil, residues, &c. to obtain light distillates, the oil is heated in a still under a pressure of 25-75 lbs. per sq. in. by superheated steam or other heating-agent passed through coils immersed in the oil, and is agitated by injection of superheated steam or of heated gas or vapour such as hydrogen, natural gas, or the gas obtained in the distillation of petroleum. The still 1 is heated by coils 5, 6 through which is passed steam heated to 800-1000‹ F. in superheaters 11, 12 contained in a flue 7 along which furnaces gases, which also heat the still externally, are passed. The pressure in the still is regulated by a valve 17 at the outlet of an air condenser 16 or tower which serves to separate the heavier constituents of the vapours and return them to the still. Steam or other gas, heated at least to the temperature of the oil, is passed into the base of the still through perforated pipes 18. Superheated steam may be first passed through a coil immersed in the oil and then injected into the oil. Fresh oil is admitted through a perforated pipe 14. The still 1 may be similar to that described in Specification 188,928.
Patent GB-1005231-A (GB)
Title: Polycarboxydiphenyl sulphones
Inventor: STIMPSON JAMES WALTER
IPC: C07C315/04
Filed: 1962-01-30
Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of polycarboxydiphenyl sulphones by the oxidation of alkyldiphenyl sulphones of theformula <FORM:1005231/C2/1> where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R11, R12, R13, R14 and R15 are H or alkyl groups and the total number of alkyl groups is at least 2 and not exceeding 4, in the liquid phase in an aliphatic or aromatic monocarboxylic acid diluent by means of oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas in the presence of at least one metal compound as catalyst (the metal being manganese or cobalt), and bromine or a bromine-containing substance. In an example di-para-tolyl sulphone, cobalt bromide, manganese bromide and glacial acetic acid are heated together at 130 DEG  C. for 3 hours in an autoclave which had initially been pressurized with oxygen to a total pressure of 400 pounds per square inch to produce di-(para-carboxy-phenyl) sulphone.  In another example 2,4,41-trimethyldiphenyl sulphone is treated as in the previous example to produce 2,4,41-tricarboxydiphenyl sulphone.