baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-744961-A (GB)
Title: Unsaturated nitro thiophene derivatives
Inventor: CARRARA GINO
IPC: C07D333/44
Filed: 1953-11-03
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the formula <FORM:0744961/IV(a)/1> wherein R is hydrogen or halogen, Z is a hydroxy group or a lower aliphatic alkoxy group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an amino group, or R and Z are both hydrogen, also a compound of the formula <FORM:0744961/IV(a)/2> The above acids in which Z is a hydroxy group may be made by oxidizing the corresponding aldehydes and may in turn be converted into the esters or amides.  In examples (1) acetaldehyde is added to 5-nitro-2-thiophenealdehyde alcoholic potassium hydroxide is added followed by an excess of acetic anhydride and the mixture is heated to give 5-nitro-2-thienyl acrolein, reaction of this with acetic anhydride in the presence of sulphuric acid gives 5-nitro-2-thienyl acrolein diacetate of the formula given above; (2) 5-nitro-2-thiophenealdehyde is reacted with sodium acetate and acetic anhydride to give 5-nitro-2-thiopheneacrylic acid which is esterified to give the ethyl ester or treated with phosphorus pentachloride followed by ammonia to give the amide, and (3) a -bromo - b  - (5 - nitro - 2 - thenyl) - acrolein is oxidized with chromium trioxide to a -bromo-b -(5-nitro-2-thienyl) acrylic acid which is converted into the corresponding ethyl ester and amide.
Patent GB-1023462-A (GB)
Title: Cryoelectric circuits
IPC: G11C11/44
Filed: 1963-07-31
Abstract: 1,023,462. Circuits employing super-conductors. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. July 31, 1963 [Aug. 24, 1962], No. 30426/63. Heading H3B. [Also in Division H1] A super-conducting circuit for selecting the input to a three dimensional storage matrix comprises a large number of tree circuits, and one or two control elements for each set of corresponding tree branches so arranged that if the control elements are driven out of their super-conductive state all the corresponding branches are no longer magnetically shielded and therefore have a high inductance. As shown in Fig. 6, when control films such as 1-4 and n-4 are driven resistive by current applied at 114 they allow magnetic flux to pass through them and the tree branches 1c, 2c . . . nc have a high inductance. Thus by applying current to appropriate conductors 112,151, 153, 120 it also can be arranged for there to be only 1 low inductance path through each tree. To improve the switching rate of the control areas they may have a resistor connected in parallel of lower value than the resistive value of the film. In this way the film itself takes only sufficient current to drive it resistive (Fig. 4, not shown). The control areas may when super-conductive, shield the conductors from high permeability materials. The conductors and memory planes are preferably insulated with silicon monoxide. The high permeability materials should have little hysteresis at the operating temperatures but this is stated to include most ferrites and other normally square loop materials owing to the low operating temperatures. The use of only two control elements rather than one for each tree is stated to improve the switching speed. Lead and indium may be used as the super-conducting materials. The control elements may be changed from the super-conducting state by means of magnetic thermal, radiative or mechanical energy if desired.
Patent GB-1096794-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a case for kinematographic films
IPC: G03B21/32
Filed: 1965-07-19
Abstract: 1,096,794. Spool boxes. PAILLARD S.A. July 19, 1965 [Aug. 7, 1964], No. 30488/65. Heading G2E. A spool box for cinematograph film comprises two sections 1, 2 and a cover 5 spring pivoted on a stud 11 carried by the section 2 which also carries a notched hub 3 movable in a keyhole shaped opening (7) Figs. 1, 2 (not shown) in the section 1. A film-carrying spool 4 is placed on the hub 3, the end of which is then passed through the opening 7 and slid therein until the notches engage the edges of the opening, in which position the sections 1, 2 are in super-position. The cover is then swung down and is held down by a pivotable cap (22) (Figs. 1, 2), one end (14) of a spring (13) Figs. 3, 4 (not shown) carried by the cover engaging a perforation in the film F so as to correctly position a film in the box. The cover is formed with an aperture through which mechanism of a projector &c. on which the box may be placed can engage the film, the cap first being released to allow the cover to swing up. The mechanism then disengages the spring (13).
Patent GB-1134673-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in erecting and operating means for mobile cranes
Inventor: LESTER ROBERT JAMES
IPC: B66C23/34
Filed: 1966-07-07
Abstract: 1,134,673. Mobile tower cranes. BRITISH CRANE & EXCAVATOR CORP. Ltd. 5 July, 1967 [7 July, 1966], No. 30523/66. Heading B8B. A crane comprises a tower 5 pivoted to a cab 2 rotatable on a carriage 1 with extensible feet 4. A jib 8 is pivoted on a projection 10 on the tower 5 to which it is temporarily coupled by a spring loaded clamp 9. A support 11 is placed beneath the projection 11 (see Fig. 1), to secure adequate space below the tower 5 for the jib 8. The tower 5 is raised by a cable 14 wound on a drum in the cab 2 to apply tension to a lifting cable 12, a spring-loaded telescopic backstop 28 being brought into contact with an eye stop on the cab 2 and locked thereto by a pin (not shown). Cable 12 is now slacked off so that tension applied by the cable 14 is taken by a stay cable 29 and the pin holding the backstop 28 in position removed. The jib 8 is luffed after release of the clamp 9 by a cable 17 and winding drum acting through a swing link 23 pivoted at 24 and normally resting on a stool 25 carried on an extension 26 of the tower 5. A third cable 27 is provided to lift the crane load.
Patent GB-312035-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for securing railway rails to concrete sleepers
IPC: E01B9/64
Filed: 1928-10-22
Abstract: 312,035. Righetto, M. May 19, 1928, [Convention date]. Sleepers, composite.- Rails are secured to concrete sleepers by bolts 5 having heads 6 engaged by a channel iron 7 and passing through sleeves 8 embedded in the sleeper, the ends of the sleeves being covered by the concrete of the sleeper.
Patent GB-767718-A (GB)
Title: "improvements relating to electron emissive cathodes"
Inventor: LUDLOW JOHN HEYWOOD
IPC: H01J1/28
Filed: 1953-11-05
Abstract: 767,718. Thermionic cathode constructions. METROPOLITAN-VICKERS ELECTRICAL CO., Ltd. Nov. 19, 1954 [Nov. 5, 1953], No. 30669/53. Class 39(1). A cathode comprises a block 3 of porous metal impregnated with emissive material, with a heater 4 parallel to and spaced from the back surface of the block, and adapted to heat it by electron bombardment ; a refractory screen 6 in good thermal contact with the said surface prevents rearward emission. The screen is preferably molybdenum, and may have a backward extension 6b, and a forward extension 6a which contains the emissive block. Instead of being a separate member, the screen may be deposited on the back of the block. Specifications 707,096 and 733,191 are referred to.
Patent GB-798183-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to carbon monoxide detection
Inventor: DARBY WILLIAM C
IPC: G01N31/22
Filed: 1954-10-25
Abstract: A colorimetric composition for detecting the presence of carbon monoxide in gases is an improvement in or modification of the composition of the parent Specification, which comprises a palladium halide and ortho tolidine or sodium alizarin sulphonate on an absorbent carrier e.g. silica gel.  The improvement is the incorporation of guinea green dye to extend the sensitivity range and cupric chloride to make the composition self-regenerative when removed from the carbon monoxide atmosphere.  The composition may be attached to a base strip or film which may be used in a photo-electric machine.
Patent GB-1384617-A (GB)
Title: Integral-fuel blocks
IPC: G21C3/28
Filed: 1972-06-30
Abstract: 1384617 Fuel elements BRITISH NUCLEAR DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION Ltd 29 June 1973 [30 June 1972] 30781/72 Heading G6C A prismatic fuel-containing moderator block has both fuel channels 16 and coolant channels 15 disposed parallel to each other and to the edge faces 12, 13, 14 of the block. The coolant channels 15 are arranged in rows on an equilateral triangular lattice 17 while the fuel channels 16 are disposed in a regular lattice pattern with one fuel channel 16 between and equidistant from each of the coolant channels 15 in each group of three mutually-adjacent coolant channels. The edge faces 12, 13, 14 are parallel to the rows of coolant channels 15 and the channels nearest to each edge face are disposed in two rows parallel thereto, with one of the two rows containing only coolant channels 15 and the other of the two rows containing only fuel channels 16. The fuel and coolant channels are thus distributed in a pattern which provides good temperature uniformity both at the edges of the block and remote therefrom. The block is a regular hexagonal prism and, as shown, the row 20 immediately adjacent each of the six edge faces contains only fuel channels 16, the other row 21 containing only coolant channels 15. Alternatively (Fig. 3, not shown), the outer row contains only coolant channels 15 and the other row only fuel channels 16. Additional channels for control rods or for block handling may be provided, each additional channel preferably being provided in place of one coolant channel 15 and the surrounding six fuel channels 16.
Patent GB-840112-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for measuring the thickness of ferromagnetic sheets or strips
Inventor: REEVES FREDERICK ERNEST
IPC: G01B7/00
Filed: 1955-10-28
Abstract: 840,112. Electric tests. REVO ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Jan. 17, 1957 [Oct. 28, 1955], No. 30864/55. Class 37. The thickness of ferromagnetic sheet x is measured by means of an energizing coil e, which saturates the plate, and a search coil s which provides an output indicative of the thickness. Coil c is fed by thyratrons V1, V2, triggered alternately by an oscillator V3. Since the thyratrons are not identical, the first pulse from the oscillator triggers are causing a charging current to flow to C1 blocking the other. The next pulse triggers the other discharging the condenser and blocking the first and so on; the output of the search coil s is fed through a Miller integrator circuit comprising pentodes V4, V5 to a rectifier V6 and valve voltmeter dt.
Patent GB-882099-A (GB)
Title: Organosilicon compounds and processes for producing the same
IPC: C07F7/08
Filed: 1957-10-03
Abstract: Ureylene-containing silicon compounds of the formula <FORM:0882099/IV (a)/1> wherein a is an integer of at least 3, R is an aryl, substituted aryl, arylene, substituted arylene, alkyl or alkylene radical, and the free bonds of Si are attached to hydrocarbon, hydroxyl or hydrolysable radical or to another Si atom through an oxygen atom, at least one of the bonds being attached to a hydrolyzable radical or to an oxygen atom, may be made by mixing the corresponding aminoalkylsilicon compound with an organic isocyanate. Starting materials specified are:-aminoalkylsilanes and -siloxanes (homo- and co-polymers), as described in Specifications 882,054 and 882,096, and phenyl-, tolyl-, diphenyl- and 2-naphthyl-isocyantes; 1,5-naphthyl-, 2,4-tolylene-, 1,4-phenylene-, hexamethylene- 4,41-biphenylene-, and 3,31-dimethoxy-4,41-biphenylene-diisocyanates; triphenylmethane- and 2,4,6-tolyl-triisocyanates; methylene-bis-(4-phenylisocyanate) and n-butylisocyanate.  The reaction is preferably effected in the presence of a liquid organic solvent, e.g. benzene, toluene, diethylether, petroleum ether, ethyleneglycoldimethylether or chloroform, at a temperature from 20 DEG  to 125 DEG C. and in a dry, inert atmosphere. Examples describe the preparation of (1) 1-phenyl-3-(g -triethoxysilylpropyl)-urea, (2) a copolymer of the formula <FORM:0882099/IV (a)/2> (3) a cyclic tetramer of the formula <FORM:0882099/IV (a)/3> (4) a copolymer similar to that of (2), (5) a cyclic tetramer similar to that of (3), (6) a product having cyclic tetramer rings interconnected by naphthyldiureylene groups.  Uses: as intermediates in making other organosilicon compounds; as sizes for fibrous materials, as protective coatings; and as lubricants, greases and grease modifiers, e.g. in Example 8, the product of Example 6 was compounded with a dimethylsilicone oil to produce a grease.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 684,296, 769,498 and 795,894.
Patent GB-484010-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to spring upholstery
IPC: A47C27/06
Filed: 1936-11-12
Abstract: 484,010. Spring upholstery. HICKS, R. B., and RACO-EPEDA CO., Ltd. Nov. 12, 1936, No. 30929. [Class 52 (iv)] The border frame for an assembly of interlaced wire springs 17 consists in part of a stiff rod or wire 11 and the remainder consists of a resilient metal strip 12. The parts may be secured together by clamps 13 which may also engage with the end turns of the springs. Specifications 271,774, [Class 52 (iv)], and 483,849 are referred to.
Patent GB-752441-A (GB)
Title: Method of alloying reactive metals with aluminium or beryllium
IPC: C22B60/02
Filed: 1954-10-26
Abstract: An alloy of one or more of the reactive metals Np, Ce and Am with Al or Be is produced by heating a mixture of a halide of the reactive metal(s) and Al or Be at 700 DEG -1200 DEG C. in vacuum.  The Al or Be halide formed during the reaction is simultaneously distilled off and may be condensed to recover the Al or Be therein.  The Al or Be may be removed from the alloy by distillation to produce the reactive metal(s).  Specific examples of the production of the alloys 75 per cent Np, 25 per cent Al and 67 per cent Np, 33 per cent Be are described, the heating being performed in a beryllium oxide crucible in each case.
Patent GB-1145794-A (GB)
Title: Cyclocooligomerization process
IPC: C07C2/42
Filed: 1966-07-11
Abstract: 1,145,794. Cyclodecadiene. UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS CO. 11 July, 1966 [21 July, 1965], No. 31003/66. Heading C5E. Cyclodecadiene is produced by a continuous process in which ethylene, butadiene and a homogeneous zero-valent nickel catalyst are passed through a reaction zone at cyclo-cooligomerization reaction conditions; resultant reaction mixture comprising cyclodecadiene, by-products cyclododecatriene and n-decatriene, unreacted ethylene and butadiene, and catalyst, is withdrawn and the ethylene and butadiene removed therefrom; at least the major portion of the remaining reaction mixture is subjected to flash-vaporization at 38-82 C. and 0À1-10 mm. Hg absolute pressure, thereby forming a cyclodecadiene concentrate which is recovered; and the residual mixture including catalyst is recycled to the reaction zone. Suitable catalysts are bis-(#-allyl) nickel, and the reaction product of nickel acetylacetonate with triethyl aluminium in the presence of butadiene. The reactants, which are preferably in the liquid phase, may be recirculated through the reaction zone so as to provide a total contact time of 0À5- 6 hours, and thereafter may be passed through a holding zone also maintained at cyclocooligomerization reaction conditions. The removal of ethylene and butadiene may be carried out by one or two flash distillations, or by countercurrent stripping, e.g. with ethylene, and the mixture may be further treated under reduced pressure in a degasifying column before the flash vaporization to remove cyclodecadiene. The latter step may be effected in a column where the mixture is distributed as a thin surface film. The product is mainly trans, cis-1,5-cyclodecadiene.
Patent GB-1076442-A (GB)
Title: Compounds derived from allyl-addition of olefines to acetylene
IPC: B01J19/00
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: 1,4-Dienes are prepared by reacting acetylene with an olefinic compound of the general formula <FORM:1076442/C4-C5/1> wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals and R1 and R5 together may be a propylene radical at 200 DEG  to 500 DEG  C. in a reactor the surface of which is in contact with the reagents and consists of glass or silica enamelled steel.  Pressures equal to or above atmospheric pressure are used and the mole ratio of olefin to acetylene is preferably 0.1 to 10.  Olefins used include propylene, butene-2, isobutylene, 2-methylpentene-1; 2-ethyl hexene-1, hexene-1 and cyclohexene.  The reaction preferably takes place in presence of an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon diluent in the gaseous or liquid phase and may be batchwise or continuous. Excess reagents may be recycled to the reaction zone.  The examples describe the reaction of acetylene with propylene or isobutylene.ALSO:Substituted 1,4-dienes are prepared by reacting acetylene with an olefinic compound of the general formula <FORM:1076442/C2/1> wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are hydrogen or alkyl radicals and not more than one of them can be halogen, hydroxyl or an esterified carbonyl group, e.g. allyl chloride; allyl alcohol and methyl crotonate at 200 DEG  to 500 DEG C. in a reactor the surface of which is in contact with the reagents and consists of glass or silica enamelled steel.  Pressures equal to or above atmospheric are used and the mole ratio of olefin to acetylene is preferably 0.1 to 10.  The reaction may take place in the presence of an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon diluent in the liquid or gaseous phase and may be a batch or continuous process.
Patent GB-1434816-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for the purification of aqueous effluent
IPC: B01F3/04
Filed: 1973-06-29
Abstract: 1434816 Purifying aqueous effluent J R KAELIN 29 June 1973 [2 July 1972] 31087/73 Heading C1C Aqueous effluent is purified by mixing the effluent with pure oxygen or an oxygen-containing mixture in a mixing tank, introducing the oxygenated effluent into a residence tank which is of greater capacity than the mixing tank, preventing the effluent in the residence tank from settling, feeding part of the oxygenated effluent from the residence tank back into the mixing tank in order to regulate the concentration in the mixing tank of substances in the effluent which are to be biologically decomposed, removing the remaining part of the treated effluent from the residence tank so that there is a higher concentration in the mixing tank of substances to be biologically decomposed than in the residence tank, and subsequently settling the effluent removed from the residence tank. Apparatus for carrying out the above process (Figs. 1 and 2) comprises a mixing tank 1, at least one conduit 4 for delivering the effluent to the mixing tank, means 8 for introducing the oxygen or gas mixture into the mixing tank, a residence tank 6 having a larger capacity than the mixing tank, means 5 for transporting the effluent from the mixing tank to the residence tank, a return conduit 12 from the residence tank to the mixing tank, means for preventing the effluent from settling in the residence tank, an effluent outlet 13 and means 14 for settling the effluent removed. In the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2 the effluent is prevented from settling in the residence tank by the flow established by the curved shape of the conduits 5. The mixing tank is preferably closed at its top, disposed within the residence tank below the level of liquid therein and provided with means for prolonging the mixing stage, such as partitions 2 and 3 which define a sinuous flow path in the tank. The oxygen or gas mixture may be introduced by means of a diffuser or rotary aerator and additional oxygen may be introduced into the delivery conduit 4. Activated sludge from the settling means 14 may be recycled to the mixing tank, optionally via a storage tank 15. Oxygen or an oxygen-containing mixture may be supplied to the activated sludge before it enters the mixing tank. The residence tank may be provided with a skimmer device for sucking off surface water, the material removed being returned to the mixing tank with the activated sludge. Two or more mixing tanks and two or more residence tanks may be connected in series to provide more efficient treatment.
Patent GB-249605-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electro-massage apparatus
IPC: A61N1/32
Filed: 1924-12-29
Abstract: 249,605. Pourbaix, J. F. V. Dec. 29, 1924. Electric appliances.-An electrode for electromassage apparatus consists of an outer member 1 of glass &c. filled with water or other liquid 3 containing colloidal silver or other metal. The member 1 is fitted with a metal cap 4 carrying a platinum or other metal wire 2 passing through a cork 6 and plaster of Paris 7 and leading into the liquid 3. The electrode is carried in a metal holder connected by a wire to an induction coil, transformer, or other source of high-tension current.
Patent GB-1320778-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L29/78
Filed: 1970-06-26
Abstract: 1320778 Semi-conductor devices PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 26 June 1970 [1 July 1969] 31127/70 Heading H1K A semi-conductor device in which the resistance of a region is increased by majority carrie r  depletion, includes an electrode overlying the region on an insulating film, and a rectifying junction made with the region to remove minority carriers and prevent inversion. The rectifying junction may be a pn junction or a metal-semi-conductor contact. In an IGFET embodiment, an n type silicon layer 3 forms the channel between source and drain regions 8, 9 of N + conductivity type, with an S 1 O 2  layer 6 on the surface, and a P type zone 16 formed beneath and in contact with the gate electrode 7. The depletion zone 14 is unaffected by inversion caused by minority carriers which are swept up by the reverse-biased junction 20. The gate electrode may have a plurality of regions 16 along its length, the distance between them being less than twice the diffusion length of the minority carriers. Layers 3 may have been epitaxially deposited on a semi-conductor body which was subsequently removed and the layer 3 provided secured to a glass plate 5 by epoxy resin 4. Zones 8, 9 and 16 may be diffused and electrodes may be of aluminium. In a second embodiment part of a nickel gate electrode is used to contact the region 3 to form a non-ohmic contact which replaces region 16. In an alternative embodiment, planar transistors are isolated by an insulation mounted electrode which surrounds the transistors and forms a depletion region beneath the electrode, portions of the electrode periodically contacting zones of the substrate to control inversion. The zones may also be used as underpasses for the electrode when crossing transistor leads.
Patent GB-760706-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to double acting resilient supports for the elastic suspensionof engines, machinery and the like
IPC: F16F1/393
Filed: 1953-11-10
Abstract: 760,706. Resilient mountings. SOC. APPLICAZIONI GOMMA ANTIVIBRANTI S. A. G. A. SOC. PER AZIONI. Nov. 10, 1953 [Nov. 19, 1952], No. 31154/53. Class 108(3). A resilient mounting comprises a mass 5 of resilient material disposed between inner and outer members 6, 7, each of which have a periphery which curves outward from a central transverse plane of symmetry when the mounting is viewed (as shown) in longitudinal cross section, the peripheries of both members 6, 7, being circular at all points of transverse cross section, the inner member carrying a pair of abutment surfaces 8, 9, and the maximum diameter of the periphery of the inner member being greater than that of the periphery of the outer member. In Fig. 1, the precompression of the mass 5 may be varied by the tightness with which the two halves 6a, 6b, of the inner sleeve 6, are drawn together by the bolt 10 and nut 10a. In Fig. 3, the outer sleeve 7 may be disposed nearer to the surface 9 than to the surface 8. The member 7 has a cylindrical outer surface in order to facilitate its axial adjustment relative to the member 2. The member 7 and any of the other parts may be of light alloy or of steel. The member 6 may be a one-piece stamping. In operation, the stress in the material 5 changes smoothly from predominantly shear to predominantly compression. Specification 697,449 is referred to.