Patent GB-538878-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a method of and apparatus for conveying a succession of articles toward and away from a receiving station
IPC: B65B35/24
Filed: 1940-02-15
Abstract: 538,878. Friction clutches ; operating clutches ; expanding-wheel gear. MICRO-WESTCO, Inc. Feb. 15, 1940, No. 2926. Convention date, Feb. 28, 1939. [Class 80 (ii)] [Also in Group XXX] A conveyer system for feeding articles to a receiving station and spacing them on leaving the station comprises a feed conveyer for feeding articles to the station, a conveyer for individuality forwarding the articles from the station, drive means including a clutch for the feed conveyer, and means responsive to the movement of an article on to the receiving station to actuate the clutch substantially immediately and so to stop the feed conveyer. In the machine described, an abutting series of loaves is fed by the feed conveyer C, to a slicing mechanism A, and the sliced loaves are advanced by the forwarding conveyer D, at uniform intervals to a wrapping mechanism B, the feed conveyer being driven through a clutch H, which is automatically stopped at intervals to compensate for variations in the size of loaves fed. The feed conveyer C comprises a canvas belt 9, and a woven-wire link-belt 10, both passing over a driven roller 11. The loaves emerging from the belt 10, over a member 18, are sliced by reciprocating cutters 1, driven from a motor 5, through belts 6, and a flywheel 7, and pass over a plate 19, to the receiving station E of the conveyer D. This comprises chains 27 connected by flights 31 travelling over a supporting apron 32 between side members 22, 23 and driven by sprockets 28 on a shaft 24. At the discharge end of the conveyer D, the loaves are raised by an elevator 36 to the wrapping device B, and pass finally to a cooling or discharge conveyer 38. The shaft 24 of the forwarding conveyer D is driven in synchronism with the wrapping device by chain gearing 47, 43, from a shaft 39 which may make one complete revolution for each loaf wrapped. The chain 43 passes over a clutch sprocket 40, on a main drive shaft 42, journalled in a sleeve 45, Fig. 10, and a sprocket 46, keyed on the sleeve carries the chain 47 driving the shaft 24. A clutch dog 49 on the shaft 42 is engaged by a curved pawl 50, pivoted on the sprocket 46. The feed conveyer C is driven from the flywheel 7 of the slicing mechanism, which is connected by a flexible coupling 58, to the shaft 57, of a variable-speed belt drive K, Fig. 4, allowing the relative speeds of the conveyers C, D, to be adjusted to minimize the automatic stoppages due to variations in the size of the loaves. The belt 61, which drives a pulley 74, on a shaft 75, passes over a split pulley 60, the effective diameter of which is adjusted by a hand crank 70, on a screw 67, engaging an arm 64, carrying idler pulleys 62, 63. The driven shaft 75, is connected by worm gearing 77, 78, chain or belt gearing 82, and the clutch H, to a shaft 81, from which the roller 11, of the feed conveyer is driven through chain gearing 117, and the friction clutch H controlled from the receiving station E of the forwarding conveyer D. The clutch H, Figs. 6 and 8, comprises friction shoes 94, 95 pivoted at 96, 97 to a radial arm 93 on a sleeve 91, loose on the shaft 81, and carrying a sprocket 116 driving the chain 117. The shoes are engaged with a drum 90 secured on the shaft 81 by means of a lever 100 pivoted at 101 on the shoe 95 and having a shoulder 102 abutting against an adjustable stud 103. A roller 105 carried by the lever is engaged by a cam 106 on a sleeve 107 loose on the shaft 81, and carrying a disc 108 closing one end of the drum 90. Friction shoes 109 pivoted at 110 on the disc 108 are engaged with the drum by compression springs 111 and a ratchet wheel 115, secured to the disc 108 is adapted to be engaged by a detent 148. When the sleeve 91 is stationary and the drum 90 is driven the lever 100 is actuated by the cam 106 to expand the clutch shoes 94, 95, and transmit drive to the sleeve 91, and thence to the feed conveyer. On arresting the sleeve 107, by means of the detent 148, the shoes 94, 95 are released and the shoes 109 then slip. At the receiving station E of the forwarding conveyer D, Fig. 5, are provided a latch member 120, and a trip member 121, on to which the loaves are delivered from the plate 19. The latch member 120 is urged upwards by a light spring 130 and is carried by latch levers 122 pivoted on a shaft 124, while the trip member 121 is carried by trip levers 123 on a shaft 125. One of the latch levers carries a bearing member 131 adapted to support one of the trip members in its normal position. The trip lever shaft 125 is connected by an arm 135, and link 136, to a pivoted latch 137 engaging a control member 140 carried by a stub shaft 141, and connected by an adjustable link 145 to the detent 148. An arm 153 of the control member carries a roller 152, engaging a cam 150 on the shaft 42. While an arm 162 of the control member is connected to a rod 163, sliding in an aperture in a lever 165 on the trip shaft 125, and a spring 167 is interposed between the lever 165 and a collar 166, on the rod. An arm 174 on the stub shaft 141 carries a roller 173 for actuating the pawl 50. When a loaf L first engages and depresses the member 120, the bearing member 131 is withdrawn from beneath the trip member 121. On further movement of the loaf, its rear edge clears the edge 33 of the plate 19, and the loaf is pressed by a weighted roller 180 on to the trip lever 121, so that the latch 137 is released from the control member 40, which is turned by gravity to engage the detent 148 with the ratchet wheel 115, to interrupt the drive of the feed conveyer. The loaf then remains in position until engaged and forwarded by a flight 31 of the conveyer D. The engagement of the detent 115 is delayed by the action of the cam 150 on the shaft 42, which limits the rotative movement of the control member 140, but allows the roller 173 to be withdrawn from the path of the pawl 50. A secondary cam 157 is adjustably secured on the sleeve 45 and its surface 159 serves as a continuation of the face 151 of the cam 150, while a crest 161, serves to actuate the member 140 to reset the control members 120, 121 for the next loaf. If one of the flights 31 of the conveyer D reaches a position 155 before a loaf has been deposited on the members 120, 121, the roller 173 releases the pawl 50 to stop the forwarding conveyer. If the forwarding conveyer fails to stop, the trip member 121 is released from the latch member 120 by a safety device comprising a lever 197, Fig. 16, loose on the shaft 24 and engaged by one of the conveyer flights 31. The lever 197 is connected by a link 199, to a lever 200 secured on the latch shaft 124. In a modification, Fig. 20 (not shown), the feed conveyer C is driven through chain gearing and the clutch H from the main drive shaft 42 of the forwarding conveyer, without a variable-speed drive.