Patent GB-190123091-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the Manufacture of Tufted Fabrics.
Inventor: MORTON GAVIN
Filed: 1901-11-15
Granted: 1902-11-13
Abstract: 23,091. Morton, G. Nov. 15. Looms, pile forming and cutting in; shuttleless looms; forming selvages; weft-carriers.-Relates to looms for use in making tufted fabrics, such as Donegal or Turkey carpets. The warp threads w are carried by thin bars or slides c resting in grooves formed in rails b<1> attached to a framing b. Each bar carries one warp thread, which passes through an eye c<1> and an eye or orifice c'. The bars c can be reciprocated, so as to form a shed w<3>, by means of catch plates d<2>, d<3>, secured to oscillating bars d, d<1> and engaging with bent wires c<3> secured to the bars c. These wires normally rest upon plates e<2>, e<3>, one plate for the even-numbered bars, and the other for the odd-numbered bars, carried by vertically-movable bars e, e', which are depressed during a shedding operation, but raised during the operation of knotting the tufts of yarn round pairs of warp threads. A series of equidistant notches is formed in the upper side of each plate e<2>, e<3>, and, when the plates are raised, the pairs of wires which happen to be above the notches are free to fall and engage with their respective plates d<2>, d<3>. Pairs of odd and even bars c are, in consequence, moved forwards into the position shown in Fig. 7, and remain until tufts have been knotted round them, and cut off. In order to allow every pair of bars c to come over the notches, in succession, the frame b is moved intermittently in a direction at rightangles to the warps, by means of cams. After a row of tufts has been made across the fabric, the shedding operation takes place, and a pick of weft is shot. In a modified arrangement, the wires c<3> are not employed, but the bars c are actuated during the shedding operations by blades mounted upon a tubular rocking-shaft, and are operated during the knotting operations by arms mounted upon a shaft concentric with the tubular one. A series of tuft yarn-carriers, one for each pair of warp threads moved forwards to receive a tuft, is arranged across the loom ; when selfcoloured fabrics are being woven, each carrier may be a stationary eye through which the yarn passes, but, when yarns of different colours are being used, each carrier may be a sector f, mounted to oscillate upon a shaft f', and provided with apertures f<1> for the yarns. The carriers are actuated by a jacquard, either directly or by means of pattern mechanism which, when eight differently-coloured yarns are employed, may comprise three levers l, l<1>, l', connected by cords o to the jacquard. The curved surface of the lever l bears against the pivot of the lever l<1>, and the curved surface of this lever bears against the pivot of the lever l', the curved surface of which bears against a rod m<1> connected to the corresponding carrier f. The pivots are arranged to slide along grooved or slotted guide-bars n. When a tuft yarn t, Fig. 16, has been brought into correct position by its carrier, a pair of grippers having a fixed jaw g and movable jaw g<1> is passed between the warp threads, intended to receive a tuft, and seizes the tuft yarn, which is then drawn down, as shown in Fig. 18, and cut off by means of gripping-shears i, i<1>. During the return movements of the bars which carry the shears and grippers, the severed length of yarn is drawn over the front ends of the bars c and along the warp threads w, with the bight of the loop over the threads, and the ends passing between them, as shown in Fig. 20. The weft is passed through the shed by means of a longitudinally-reciprocating carrier, provided with guide-rollers for the weft, and fluted rollers which serve to beat up the tufts and the weft. The weft-carrier is actuated by an oscillating link connected to a lever which is actuated by a cam. The jacquard, grippers, shears, warp-carrying bars, and other parts are also actuated by means of cams. The weft may be passed through the shed in the form of a loop, and at the selvage is engaged by a shuttle or the like carrying a tying- thread, or by a knitting-machine needle carrying a thread and actuated by means of a cam.