Patent GB-369301-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of sulphonic acids particularly suitable for use as wetting-out, emulsifying, dispersing, peptisation and cleansing agents
IPC: C07C309/25
Filed: 1931-01-01
Abstract: Sulphonic acids useful as emulsifying agents are prepared by reacting neutral sulphites at a raised temperature with mineral acid esters or ester salts of primary hydrocyclic alcohols containing at least six carbon atoms.  In an example, naphthenic acids boiling at 70-140 DEG C. under 10 mm. pressure are subjected to catalytic hydrogenation under pressure or reduced, in the form of their esters, with sodium and butyl alcohol ; the alcohol mixture so obtained is esterified with hydrochloric acid, and the naphthenyl chlorides are heated to 150-180 DEG  C. with sodium sulphite in the presence of dilute alcohol and a little sodium iodide ; the alcohol and water are afterwards distilled off, and the residue used directly or extracted with alcohol to isolate the sulphonates.  Reference is made also to the treatment of the sulphuric acid ester salts of the alcohols.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes the manufacture of sulphonic acids by reacting neutral salts of sulphur acids, such as sulphites, under the conditions described above, with mineral acid esters or ester salts of mono- or poly-hydric saturated or unsaturated higher aliphatic primary alcohols.  The following examples are given :--(1) cetyl bromide is heated to 120-140 DEG  C. with a dilute alcoholic solution of ammonium sulphite, and the product is made alkaline with caustic soda, evaporated, and extracted with alcohol ; (2) a mixture of aliphatic alcohols is obtained by subjecting cocoa-nut oil or its fatty acids to catalytic hydrogenation under pressure, or by reducing cocoa-nut oil or its esterified fatty acids with sodium and alcohol ; the alcohol mixture is esterified with chlorsulphonic acid, and the product is treated with caustic soda solution and alcohol, and heated with potassium sulphite to 130-180 DEG  C., whereafter water and alcohol are distilled off ; the sulphonates may be used in preparing emulsions of fats and oils. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Sulphonic acids are prepared by reacting neutral sulphites at a raised temperature with mineral acid esters or ester salts of primary hydrocyclic alcohols containing at least 6 carbon atoms. The reaction may be effected at atmospheric or raised pressure in the presence or absence of an inert diluent; an accelerator may be added, e.g. an alkali iodide.  The hydrocyclic alcohols may be prepared by reducing the corresponding acids or their enters.  In an example, naphthenic acids boiling at 70-140 DEG  C. under 10 mm. pressure are subjected to catalytic hydrogenation under pressure or reduced, in the form of their esters, with sodium and butyl alcohol; the alcohol mixture so obtained is esterified with hydrochloric acid, and the naphthenyl chlorides are heated to 150-180 DEG  C. with sodium sulphite in the presence of dilute alcohol and a little sodium iodide; the alcohol and water are afterwards distilled off and the residue used directly or extracted with alcohol to isolate the sulphonates.  Reference is made also to the treatment of the sulphuric acid ester salts of the alcohols.  The products are useful as wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, and cleansing agents, and may be applied in the textile, leather, soap, paper, and rubber industries.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes the manufacture of sulphonic acids by reacting neutral salts of sulphur acids, such as sulphites, under the conditions described above, with mineral acid esters or ester salts of mono- or poly-hydric saturated or unsaturated higher aliphatic primary alcohols.  The following examples are given:-(1) cetyl bromide is heated to 120-140 DEG  C. with a dilute alcoholic solution of ammonium sulphite, and the product is made alkaline with caustic soda, evaporated, and extracted with alcohol; (2) a mixture of aliphatic alcohols is obtained by subjecting cocoanut oil or its fatty acids to catalytic hydrogenation under pressure, or by reducing cocoanut oil or its esterified fatty acids with sodium and alcohol; the alcohol mixture is esterified with chlorsulphonic acid, and the product is treated with caustic soda solution and alcohol, and heated with potassium sulphite to 130-180 DEG  C., whereafter water and alcohol are distilled off; the sulphonates may be used in preparing emulsions of fats and oils. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.