Patent GB-372104-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in gas turbines
IPC: F02C6/00
Filed: 1931-05-13
Abstract: 372,104. Turbines. DOCTORICS, B., 10B, Pasareti Ut, Budapest. May 13, 1931, No. 14183. [Class 110 (iii).] A gas turbine plant is fed with combustion products at atmospheric pressure which are exhausted at a partial vacuum, part of the energy of the gases being used to secure suction through the turbine. In Fig. 1 steam raised from waste heat of the gases operates an ejector nozzle 45 to suck through the exhaust gases from the turbine 13. A firegrate 4 is fed with fuel through a door 5, and air which passes through heating tubes 31, and the products of combustion pass through a pipe 10 to the turbine 13, and are exhausted through boiler tubes 20, a conduit 27, a hole 28 into spaces between the tubes 31, and pass out through a hole 34. Steam generated in a boiler 19 is led through a valve 22 and pipe 23 to a header 24, then through superheater tubes 25, inside the tubes 20, and passes through a pipe 42 to the nozzle 45 of the ejector. Below the bottom plate of the air heating box 53 is a water heater comprising tubes 35 extending between drums 33, 37. The exhausted gases of combustion are sucked through a pipe 43 by the nozzle 45 and the mixture of steam and gas passes to a flue 49. For starting up purposes a slide valve 50 is opened which permits combustion gases to be led from the firegrate directly to the flue 49. The guide blades and rotor blades of the turbine may be cooled. The pipe 10 and the exhaust pipe 18 are jacketed by air or water for cooling purposes, the air or water being afterwards used in the grate or boiler. In Fig. 2 the steam ejector device is replaced by an exhauster 113 driven by a steam turbine 114. Air enters a hole 104 and passes through a heater tube 105 to below the grate 72 and fuel is supplied by a hopper 71. The gases of combustion pass through the gas turbine 77 and are led by way of a conduit 79 to a boiler which comprises upper boiler drum 87, upper water heater 100, lower water heater drum 102, and lower boiler drum 89. The gases are led off through openings 107, 108 to the flue 111. Superheater tubes 96, 97, 98 connected to a steam header 95, cause steam to flow upwards in counterflow to the combustion gases which are led downwards. Steam is led to the turbine 114 through a pipe 99, and afterwards passes to a condenser 116. A byepass slide valve 85 is opened for starting up purposes. In a modification a hot-air reciprocating engine cylinder protrudes into the firegrate, and a belt drives a turbo-exhauster or reciprocating engine to suck the burnt gases through the turbine. In another arrangement a hot air turbine, a turbocompresser, and a suction machine, are mounted on a common shaft. For starting purposes an auxiliary machine may be used, or compressed air led to the air turbine. Preheating of the air for the firegrate leading to the gas turbine, is similar to above described arrangements. A further arrangement describes a gas turbine and a hot air turbine mounted on one shaft. They may be in one casing. In place of the furnace in each plant described above, the exhaust gases of internal-combustion engines may be used. A modification of the plant shown in Fig. 1 comprises a hot-air reciprocating engine, the cylinder of which is heated in a firegrate. The exhausted hot air is passed below the firegrate. Power may be taken off the shaft of the reciprocating engine as well as off the turbine shaft.