baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-928371-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to water heaters
Inventor: HILLMAN FRANK LESLIE
IPC: F24H1/20
Filed: 1958-07-14
Abstract: 928,371. Electric water heaters. SIMPLEX ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. July 8, 1959 [July 14, 1958], No. 22439/58. Class 39 (3). In a water heater in which a water containing vessel is made wholly or partly of transparent material, especially glass, to allow optical observation of the water level and whether boiling or not and is heated by an electric heating element, and contains an inlet pipe for cold water and an outlet pipe for hot or boiling water, the vessel or at least that part thereof which is transparent is provided with a surface modification such as frit or stoving or vitreous enamel fired thereon or a screen which is such as to subdue camouflage or mask the contrast between those parts free from visual blemish and those blemished in manufacture or in use so as to make the blemishes less apparent, the surface or finish being partly but not completely opaque. The external frit layer fired on gives a rough surface or a smooth semi-opaque white or coloured frit or enamel surface layer may be used. The vessel is of borosilicate glass and is of rectangular section tapering towards the top end; it may be made by pressing and/or blowing. Transparent part 15 may be parallel sided or may similarly taper upwardly and has markings thereon to indicate the water volume. To produce external roughening, the frit is applied through a silk screen to leave narrow vertical clear areas 13 and is then fired to make it adhere to the vessel. The dome 14 may also have a rough or smooth semi-opaque, or entirely opaque, surface to hide components such as the steam duct or the baffle member at the top of the inlet pipe and inside the vessel as described in Specification 928,372. If a screen is used it may be an envelope of sheet material of perforate or foraminous form fitting closely about the exterior of the vessel, or a rough surface may be produced by blasting the vessel with abrasive or etching it. The surface finish or screen may incorporate an " organized pattern " which may be correlated with the markings, e.g. horizontal circumferential lines at the level of the graduation marks. The surface finish or screen may include some completely opaque areas, or more opaque than the other areas, so as to hide interior components. An integral dome 14 has a central aperture surrounded by an upwardly projecting flange of one quarter the diameter of the main part of the vessel. The electric heater and a thermostat are located under the base-plate 10.
Patent GB-277640-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of aluminium or aluminium alloys from alumina
IPC: C25C3/06
Filed: 1927-08-26
Abstract: 277,640. Metallbank und Metallurgische Ges. Akt.-Ges. Sept. 18, 1926, [Convention date]. Aluminium and its alloys, obtaining.-In obtaining aluminium and its alloys by electrolysis of alumina in a flux such as cryolite, alumina is employed which has been obtained by disintegrating the highly heated material and rapidly cooling it in water or other suitable liquid. The alumina may be melted before quenching, but heating to 1300‹ C. is sufficient. The product dissolves easily in the flux even when the granular size is as great as 3 mm.
Patent GB-1057682-A (GB)
Title: Information recording
IPC: G06K19/02
Filed: 1963-08-20
Abstract: 1,057,682. Xerographic plates. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Aug. 20, 1963 [Aug. 20, 1962], No. 22585/63. Heading H1K. [Also in Divisions G2 and G5] Information recorded by deformations in a thermoplastic layer containing optically reflective particles is read out by projecting a light beam on to the layer and optically sensing the variation in angle of the reflected beam. The deformations may be produced by providing an electrical charge pattern on the layer and heating it so that electrical stress produces deformations. Photoconductive material may also be provided either dispersed throughout the recording layer or as a separate layer. Fig. 1 shows a section of a 2-20 Á recording layer 3 of titanium dioxide particles in polystyrene on a 25-100 Á thick dielectric base layer 2 of polyethylene terephthalate. Anthracene or zinc sulphide may also be dispersed in the polystyrene and powdered aluminium or other metal, metal oxides, coal, dyes, wood fillers, ceramics are given as examples of suitable material for the reflective particles. A metal layer such as a film of cuprous iodide with metallic materials such as chromium, iron, nickel or indium oxide may be provided between the recording layer and the base layer to act as a heat sink during the recording process. A photoconductive layer consisting of selenium, sulphur, phosphors, zinc oxide, tetracyanoethylene, chloranil and possibly including dyes such as crystal violet, malachite green, basic fuchsia, trypaflavine, methylene blue, pinacyanol, kryptocyanine, neocyanine and certain proteins, may be provided under the recording layer. The recording layer may also consist of thermoplastic photoconductive polymers such as ring substituted aromatic polymers with substituents such as halogen, amine, sulphur-oxide, nitrogen-oxide radicals or of non-photoconductive polymers such as acetals, acrylics, polyesters, silicones and vinyl resins with added photoconductor such as selenium, sulphur and cadmium sulphide and also organic dyes. One example is a blend of polystyrene m-terphenyl and the copolymer of butadiene with styrene. The base layer could consist of acetals, silicones, or polycarbonates or of glass, ceramic, aromatic polyesters or aromatic polyamides. A Schlieren projection system is described in which a beam of light is projected through slit member 20 via parabolical mirror 17 on to deformed layer member 18. Reflections from layer 18 are projected via parabolical mirror 22 and Schlieren stop member 26 on to viewing screen 25. A multiple bar Schlieren system such as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,813,146 may be used. References are made to several other prior publications.
Patent GB-655554-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to anion-exchange resins
IPC: B01J41/12
Filed: 1947-08-14
Abstract: Anion-exchange resins containing quaternary ammonium groups and associated halogen groups are produced by reacting materials containing secondary amino groups, an alpha-beta unsaturated aldehyde or ketone, and an aliphatic halogen compound under pH conditions such that a gel is formed in which the halogen ions are present in association with the ammonium groups, and heating and drying the gel. The secondary amino groups may be those produced in the condensation of a primary amine, e.g. a polyethylene polyamine, with an aldehyde, in which case the gel is produced by heating alone.  If a non-resinous secondary amine is used a hardening agent such as phenol, melamine, urea, aniline, acetone or intermediate condensation products of these with aldehydes is included in the reaction mixture. Specified aliphatic halogen compounds are ethylene dichloride, ethyl chloride, ethyl bromide, ethylene chlorhydrin, allyl bromide, and allyl chloride.  Specified unsaturated aldehydes and ketones are acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and mono- or di-vinyl ketone.  In examples: (1) crude polyethylene polyamine, i.e. a mixture of ethylene diamine, diethylene triamine, tri-ethylene tetramine and tetraethylene pentamine obtained by heating ethylene dichloride with ammonia under pressure and then adding excess caustic soda is mixed with ethylene dichloride and paraformaldehyde and the product heated with crotonaldehyde at a pH of 9.3.  The soft gel initially formed is further heated to give a firm gel which is dried; (2) dicyandiamide is heated with dimethyl sulphate, and the product heated with polyethylene polyamine, formaldehyde, ethylene dichloride, and crotonaldehyde.  The mixture had a pH of 8.3; (3) polyethylene polyamine as used in (1) is heated under pressure with formalin ethylene dichloride and crotonaldehyde; (4) dicyandiamide is added to an aqueous solution of tetraethylene pentamine in nitric acid, the mixture evaporated and the residue heated at 160 DEG  C.  The product having a pH of 8.9 is reacted with ethylene dichloride formalin, and crotonaldehyde, the pH falling to 5.6; (5) ethyl-vinylketone replaces the crotonaldehyde of (1); (6) the reaction product of diethylamine, crotonaldehyde, and ethylene dichloride is insolubilized by heating with an acetone-formaldehyde condensation product; (7) melamine, urea, and guanidine are dissolved with heating in formalin and the solution reacted with crotonaldehyde and ethylene dichloride; (8) tetraethylene pentamine and formaldehyde are reacted and the product is then reacted with allyl chloride and crotonaldehyde. The gel product in each case is heated under reflux, then warmed on a water bath, dried at 110-130 DEG  C. and granulated. Specification 655,555 is referred to.
Patent GB-205941-A (GB)
Title: Motion picture films
IPC: G03B33/16
Filed: 1922-08-21
Abstract: 205,941. Kelley, W. van D., and Dunning, C. H. Aug. 21, 1922. Colour photography.-In producing a positive kinematograph film for projecting colour pictures, a negative film is first prepared in which alternate sections 10<a>, 9<a>, Fig. 3, are occupied by pictures of the object 8, Fig. 1, taken through a colour screen 7 and impressions of the screen itself taken from ordinary sky light &c., through a colour filter 6 complementary in colour to one of the two screen colours, say red, so that the red lines produce no effect on the film. The picture in colour values is printed on one surface of the sensitized layer of the positive film and the adjacent design is printed behind it on the other surface. The black lines behind the red colour value lines of the picture are converted into a red colour, as by a uranium salt or by bleaching and dyeing, and the alternate lines are dyed greenblue, as by " acid green L." The picture thus projects in natural colours. The negative film may be arranged with the picture areas and design arreas in alternate groups. In a modification the negative pictures are made in three or more colours and the screen design through which it is projected on the positive in only two colours.
Patent GB-976833-A (GB)
Title: A novel unsaturated aldehyde and the preparation thereof
IPC: A23L5/40
Filed: 1963-05-31
Abstract: The invention comprises 4-[2,6,6-trimethyl-4-methoxycyclohexen-yl-1]-2-methylbuten-2-al-l and a process for preparing it by treating 4-[2, 6, 6-trimethyl-4-methoxycyclohexen-1-yl-1]-buten-3-one-2 with an ethyl haloacetate in a Darzens-Claisen reaction.  Specifications 976,832 and 976,834 also are referred to.
Patent GB-517624-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicle brake assemblies
IPC: F16D55/224
Filed: 1938-08-02
Abstract: 517,624. Disc brakes. BUDD WHEEL CO. Aug. 2. 1938, No. 22818. Convention date, March 28, 1938. [Class 103 (i)] Brake shoes arranged to engage discs secured near the axle ends of railway or other vehicles, and operating means therefor are mounted on a frame which may be of AU- or V-shape, in plan and which is pivotally supported at two points on the axle near the wheels and at a third point from the frame. Alternative fluid-pressure and mechanical operating mechanism is provided. Brake discs 18 formed with radial cooling passages 20 are secured to collars 14 on the wheels 13 by a sheetmetal web 16 which permits slight lateral floating movement of, the discs and shoes 22 to compensate for inequality of wear. The shoes have a rubber or other yielding backing between the friction lining 23 and the shoe body. The shoes and operating mechanism are carried by a frame comprising a pair of converging bars 25, 26 and crossbars 29, 42, connected to the axle 12 and to a cross-member 11 of the vehicle frame. To permit vertical, radial and longitudinal movements of the axle the frame is suspended from the cross-member 11 by a link 35 having a universal pivotal connection 31, 32 with the member 11, the connection to the link 35 comprising a block 36 slidable on the link and connected by a pivot 37 to the bar 29. Springs 40, 41 are disposed between the block 36 and the ends of the link but when the brake is applied the block engages shoulders on the link to which the torque is thus directly transferred. By removing the pivot 31 and caps 27 which secure the,brake frame to the axle, the frame with the brake can be detached. The shoes 22 are pivoted at 50 to levers 43, 44, the forked ends of which embrace the bar 42 and are pivoted at 45, 46 thereon. The other ends of each pair of levers are connected to a pair of pistons in an operating cylinder 63 mounted on the bar 29. One piston rod of a pair may have a screw connection to its lever to permit of adjustment for wear. Alternative mechanical operation of the brake is provided by cranked levers 70 pivoted on one lever 44 and connected with lost motion at 71 to a link 69 pivoted to the other lever. The pair of levers 70 are operated by an equalizing lever 72 extending through guides 74 and connected to a vertical lever 76 pivoted at 77 to a bracket 78. The guides 74 and bracket 78 extend between the bars 29, 42. Operating rods 75 are connected to the lever 76. In a modification, the frame comprises a bar of I-section bent to V-form suspended at the apex by a link having simple pivots with sufficient play to allow the axle movements. The bar 29 is disposed within this case, the cylinder with a single piston is carried by the levers 43, 44 the vertical lever 76 is omitted, the equalizing lever 72 is arranged on the other side of the member 11 and the cranked levers 70 are mounted on the pivot that connects the cylinders to the levers 44. In a further modification in which the bar 29 is omitted, the cylinders each have a pair of pistons and are carried by a bracket from the bar 42.
Patent GB-795663-A (GB)
Title: Electron multiplier
IPC: H01J43/20
Filed: 1954-08-05
Abstract: 795,663. Electron multipliers; mass spectro meters. BENDIX AVIATION CORPORATION. Aug. 5, 1954 [Aug. 10, 1953], No. 22820/54. Class 39(1). An electron multiplier arrangement, which may be used with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer, comprises a series of staggered secondarily emissive plates 16-24, Fig. 1, or 70-86, Fig. 3, a pair of collector electrodes 26, 32, Fig. 1, or 78, 88, Fig. 3, and a grid control electrode 28, Fig. 1, or 80, Fig. 3, so arranged in the path of the secondary electrons recoverable by one of the collector electrodes 26, Fig. 1, or 78, Fig. 3, from its directly associated plate 24, Fig. 1, or 76, Fig. 3, that for one voltage level applied to the control electrode the electrons are allowed to traverse the latter to be collected by the collector electrode 26, Fig. 1, or 78, Fig. 3, so that the flow of electrons through the multiplier is arrested, while for another voltage level applied to the control electrode the latter is not traversed by the electrons which continue their path through the multiplier to the other collector electrode 32, Fig. 1, or 88, Fig. 3. Pole-pieces 56 cause the electrons to follow cycloidal paths between the plates. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the control electrode 28 is normally biassed to a potential preventing electrons passing through it towards the collector electrode 26 to which a cathode oscilloscope 27 is connected. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3, the control electrode 80 is normally biassed to a potential allowing electrons to pass through it towards the collector electrode 78, a cathode oscilloscope 89 being connected to the other collector electrode 88. The multiplier can be used with a source of ions or time-of-flight mass spectrometer 10 similar to that described in Specification 742,687, the control electrode 28 or 80 being supplied with voltage pulses so timed that the oscilloscope 27 or 89 will indicate only the ion groups of a pre-determined mass number. Specification 727,683 also is referred to.
Patent GB-1102897-A (GB)
Title: A copolymerization process
IPC: C08G2/00
Filed: 1965-05-28
Abstract: Trioxane is polymerized with from 0.1 to 20 parts per 100 trioxane, of one or more olefinically unsaturated comonomers in contact with a catalytic quantity of phosphorous pentafluoride. Long list of comonomers including vinyl ethers, styrene or its derivatives, olefinically unsaturated terpenes, cyclo-olefins, cyclic polyolefins, dihydrocarbyl esters of organic carboxylic acids containing unsaturated groups, and dienes.  The pentafluoride may be present in the form of a complex, e.g. with an ether, amine, ester, sulphoxide, amide, aldehyde, ketone, thioaldehyde, thioketone, nitrile or carboxylic acid anhydride, or as an aryl diazonium hexafluoro phosphate. The polymerization may take place in solution in an inert liquid e.g. cyclohexane, heptane, toluene, decahydronaphthalene, chlorobenzene, methylene dichloride, tetrachloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylen and trans-1-2-dichloroethylene. The products may be used as shaped articles, fibres, filaments, films, sheets, rods, tubes, pipes or as coating compositions.
Patent GB-185116-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in frames for filter presses
IPC: B01D25/21
Filed: 1922-08-22
Abstract: 185,116. Stuart, A. T. Aug. 22, 1922. Filter-presses.-Frames for filter-presses comprise outer rims 1 and a plurality of strips 2 of thin sheet material spaced apart by members intermediate of their length, for example by washers on cross-bolts 3. Paper or very thin filtering-medium on both sides of the frame is supported by the edges of the strips 2. The filtered liquid flows away through a channel 7, formed in the bottom bar 8 of the frame, or by notching the strips 2 at the bottom. The strips 2 may be replaced by a thin finely corrugated sheet arranged within the rim 1 so that the apices of the corrugations support the filtering medium. Strips 2, Fig. 4, may be spaced apart by projections or ribs 9. Strips with projections on both sides may be used alternately with plain strips. In the form shown in Fig. 6, strips 13 have tongues 14 fitting into grooves 15 in the rim and the strips are spaced by bars 16.
Patent GB-1344770-A (GB)
Title: Magnetic recording medium
IPC: H01F10/06
Filed: 1972-05-16
Abstract: 1344770 Magnetic records CONTROL DATA CORP 16 May 1972 [3 June 1971] 22839/72 Heading G5R [Also in Division C7] A magnetic recording medium for high density magnetic recording systems comprises an Al or Al alloy disc 20, a Zn coating 21, a Ni-P layer 22, a Au layer 23 >125  thick and a Co-P layer 24. All the coating layers are deposited by electroless deposition (see Division C7). The Co-P layer is < 10,000  thick, has an intrinsic coercivity of at least 300 Oe., and a ratio intrinsic coercivity to saturation coercivity of at least 0À95.
Patent GB-670215-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to carton sealing machines
Inventor: DANCEY THOMAS LESLIE
IPC: B31B5/74
Filed: 1949-09-02
Abstract: 670,215. Sealing cartons. MAY & BAKER, Ltd., July 4, 1950 [Sept. 2, 1949], No. 22858/49. Class 94(i) A manually-operated device for sealing cartons comprises a base 5 and a pair of parallel frame members 6 each formed with a ledge 7 and carrying at one end an outwardly-curved guide 8 and at the other end a band of bristles 9. Each frame member also carries a receptacle 10 for adhesive and an upwardly-directed plate 13 to which are pivoted at 14 and 34 respectively an operating lever 15 and a gumming arm 17 interconnected by a pivot 18 so that when the levers are depressed the arms are swung upwardly against the action of :springs 19. The levers are formed with locating lugs 16 and are interconnected by a rod 23 so that they move together. The free ends of the arms are fitted with detachable bits 21, formed with flap-engaging prongs 22, and normally dip into the receptacles 10, a series of interchangeable bits being provided to suit different cartons. In use a carton 31 is positioned between the levers with one side against the lugs 16 and the last end flaps 32 to be folded resting on the levers and projecting over the receptacles 10. The carton and levers are then depressed to cause the arms 17 to swing upwardly and apply adhesive to the lower face of each end flap. The carton is then removed and pushed between the guides 8 with one side resting on the ledges 7, thus folding down the flaps 32 and holding them against the previously-folded end flaps. As other cartons are similarly treated they are pushed along the ledges beneath a carton resting on the operating levers and pass in succession between the bristles 9. A batchmarking device 27 is coupled by a lever 29 and rod 30 to one of the arms 17 so that it is actuated each time the levers are depressed. Adjustable angle-brackets 33 may be provided on the base to support the cartons while an article is inserted and during the folding of the first end flaps. The frames 6 are adjustable towards and away from each other to suit cartons of different lengths, the rod 23 being fixed to each lever by a screw 26 to allow for this adjustment.
Patent GB-1172657-A (GB)
Title: Process for the Simultaneous High-Grade Finishing and Optical Brightening of Natural or Synthetic Fibre Materials
Inventor: DORLARS ALFONS
IPC: D06L4/657
Filed: 1968-05-14
Abstract: 1,172,657. 4 4<SP>1</SP> - Bis - (triazolyl - 2) - stilbene derivatives. FARBENFABRIKEN BAYER A.G. 14 May, 1968 [22 May, 1967], No. 22865/68. Heading C2C. [Also in Divisions C3 and D1] Optical brightening agents of the formula in which R is an optionally further substituted sulphonic acid group-containing aryl radical and R 1  is hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl group, a carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, carbonamide or nitrile group or a salt thereof, are prepared by sulphonating the corresponding compounds in which R is an aryl radical not containing sulphonic acid groups, with sulphuric acid and optionally neutralizing the resulting compounds with, for example, sodium carbonate. If the radical R 1  is also an aryl radical this may also be sulphonated by the reaction.
Patent GB-1472290-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of n-alkyl diphenyl pyrazoles
IPC: A01N43/56
Filed: 1974-05-22
Abstract: 1472290 Preparation of N-alkyldiphenylpyrazoles AMERICAN CYANAMID CO 22 May 1974 [18 June 1973] 22961/74 Heading C2C The invention comprises a process for the preparation of compounds of Formula II wherein R 1  represents a C 1-4  alkyl group and Y, Y<SP>1</SP>, Z and Z<SP>1</SP> each represent H, NO 2 , halogen, C 1-4  alkyl, C 1-4  haloalkyl having up to 4 halogen atoms or C 1-4  alkoxy by alkylation of a 3,5- diphenylpyrazole of Formula III with from 1 to 1À5 equivalents of an alkylating agent preferably of formula (R 1 ) m Q where m is an integer of 1-3 and Q is an anion of a mineral acid in the presence of a solid anhydrous, inorganic alkali metal base in a non-aqueous inert, organic solvent at a temperature of 80-175 C. and recovering the 1-alkyl-3,5-diphenylpyrazole product and additionally a process for reacting the compounds of Formula II obtained by said process with an equimolar amount or a slight excess of an alkylating agent R 2 Q where R 2  is C 1-4  alkyl and Q is as defined above to obtain 1,2 - dialkyl - 3,5 - diphenylpyrazolium salts of Formula I
Patent GB-677886-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cutter devices for coal or the like cutting machines
IPC: E21C35/19
Filed: 1948-09-01
Abstract: 677,886. Pick carriers for mining-machines. MUSCHAMP, N. J., and COWLISHAW, F. Aug. 31, 1949. [Sept. 1, 1948] No. 23031/48. Class 68 (i). In a pick carrier assembly for a mining machine, the lower portion 10 of the mid-section of the box is semi circular in cross-section but the lower end portions 11 are shaped to form cam surfaces so that when the box lies in the plane of the carrier it rests on the bevelled edges of said carrier, but when inclined to the plane of the carrier the cam surfaces engage projections 12 on the carrier and ride on these projections so that the pick points 9 move further in directions perpendicular and parallel to the plane of the carrier than would be the case if the base of the box was wholly semicircular in cross-section. The box is secured to its carrier by welding. The construction of the box and the mounting of the star wheel pick cutter form the subject-matter of Specification 677,979. Specification 623,346 also is referred to.