Patent GB-833602-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of viscous printing pastes of the oil-in-water type
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1957-11-07
Abstract: The viscosity of pigment paste emulsions of the oil-in-water type containing in the inner phase a gasoline hydrocarbon and in the outer phase a pigment dyestuff and a high molecular weight film-forming binder, is increased by adding to the emulsion during or after its preparation from 1 to 6% of a polyethylene oxide of molecular weight between 2500 and 8000.  Synthetic binding agents specified are (a) watersoluble hardenable resins, e.g. urea-aldehyde, melamine-aldehyde, urethane-aldehyde, phenol aldehyde, which are converted by heating in presence of acids into insoluble form; (b) linear polymers, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid salts, polymethylacrylic acid salts, acrylicmethacrylic copolymers, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinyl esters, polyacrylic acid esters, polybutadienes, halogen-containing polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, acrylonitrile, and vinyl ethers; the binder may contain reactive groups, e.g. amine, imine, carboxyl, carboxylamide, hydroxyl which may be cross-linked by a polyfunctional compound and converted to waterproof form.  Mixtures of binders may be used.  Binders, e.g. alkyd resins, synthetic or natural rubber may also be included in the oil phase.  The pigmented pastes may be used for coating, spraying and colouring fibres, e.g. textiles, paper, glass, fabric, asbestos, leather.  In Examples, polyethylene oxide is added to pastes as follows: (1) a mixture of 230 parts 70% aqueous solution of dimethylol-1,4-butanediol-diurethane, 15 parts 50% solution of oleyl alcohol-ethylene oxide polymer, 50 parts tri-isobutyl phosphate and 105 parts 2% aqueous solution of carboxy methyl cellulose and the mixture is emulsified with 600 parts gasoline of b.r. 150-220 DEG  C. To 840 gs. of the paste obtained are added 100 parts of a 26% aqueous carbon black paste and 60 parts 50% solution of ammonium thiocyanate; (2) the resin binder used is a copolymer of as-dichlorethylene, butyl acrylate and acrylamide which is mixed with ammonia and tragacanth and emulsified with gasoline.  The pigment is copper phthalocyanine. The reactive product of the disulphochloride of a long-chained hydrocarbon and ethylene imine is also added.  (3) The outer aqueous phase of the emulsion contains a specified pigment azodyestuff; ammonium nitrate; ammonia; a copolymer of butylacrylate, acrylamide and acrylonitrile; a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile; ammonium caseinate; tetramethylolacelylene diurea, and the inner phase is heavy gasoline.  (4) The outer aqueous phase contains a copolymer of vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, acrylamide and butyl acrylate, a tragacanth solution, glycerine, ammonia, an olelyl alcohol-ethylene oxide condensate, a urea-formaldehyde precondensate and a pigment paste of a nitroso iron lake and ammonium thiocyanate. The inner phase is again heavy gasoline. (5) The aqueous phase contains polyammonium acrylate, olelyl alcohol-ethylene oxide condensate, etherified urea-formaldehyde resin, diammonium phosphate, the reaction produce of ethylene imine and diethyl oxalate and a pigment paste.  Heavy gasoline in the inner phase.  (6) The aqueous phase contains hexamethylol melamine methyl ether, an ethylene oxide-oleyl alcohol reaction product, tragacanth, a polymer of butyl acrylate and acrylonitrile, a nickel phthalocyanine pigment and ammonium thiocyanate.  Kerosene is the inner phase (7).  The outer phase contains an etherified urea-formaldehyde resin in ethanol, a castor oil-ethylene oxide reaction product, iron oxide pigment paste, and ammonium chloride.  Heavy gasoline is the oil phase. (8) The outer phase contains an etherified melamine resin in butanol, or castor oil-ethylene oxide reaction product, a copolymer of butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, vinyl acetate and acrylic acid, titanium dioxide paste, and diammonium phosphate. Heavy gasoline is the inner phase.