Patent GB-437274-A (GB)
Title: Process for dyeing cellulose esters and ethers
IPC: D06P1/66
Filed: 1934-04-20
Abstract: Cellulose ester or ether materials are dyed or printed with a direct, acid or chrome dyestuff after a treatment with an aqueous solution of a quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or ternary sulphonium salt containing a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain of at least 10 carbon atoms.  The chrome dyestuff may be applied by the chromate, meta-chrome or after-chrome process.  When the process is used in combination with that of Specification 436,592 solid shades are obtainable on mixed fabrics, e.g. of viscose and acetate artificial silks.  Specified salts are cetyl- and octodecyl-pyridinium bromides, the oleic acid ester of N-b -oxyethylpyridinium chloride, the cetyl ether of N-oxymethylpyridinium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride or bromide, dimethyldicetylammonium bromide, octodecyltrimethylammonium methosulphate, the trimethylammonium methosulphate from monostearylethylenediamine, dimethylcetylsulphonium methosulphate and cetyltrimethylphosphonium bromide.  The following examples are specified: (1) Acetate artificial silk stockinette fabric is treated for \ba1/2\be hour in an aqueous solution at 75 DEG  C. of octodecyltrimethylammonium methosulphate, rinsed and entered into a dyebath at 50 DEG  C. containing Solochrome brown MG and acetic acid, whereupon the temperature is raised to 80 DEG  C. with addition of more acetic acid after \ba1/2\be hour and of sodium bichromate after a further 10 minutes, the bath being then maintained at 80--85 DEG C. for \ba1/2\be hour to obtain a medium brown dyeing, fast to washing and light.  (2) Acetate artificial silk stockinette fabric is similarly dyed yellow with Solochrome yellow CS after treatment for \ba1/2\be hour with an aqueous solution at 70--75 DEG  C. of cetylpyridinium bromide.  (3) Acetate artificial silk stockinette, pre-treated as in (2) is dyed by treatment for \ba3/4\be hour in a bath at 80 DEG  C. containing Khaki yellow WN, sodium bichromate and ammonium sulphate.  (4) Acetate artificial silk stockinette fabric is treated for \ba1/2\be hour in an aqueous solution at 70--75 DEG  C. of dimethyldicetylammonium bromide, rinsed, treated for \ba3/4\be hours in an aqueous solution at 75--80 DEG  C. containing potassium bichromate and cream of tartar, again rinsed, entered into a dyebath at 50 DEG  C. containing Solochrome brown NH, whereupon the temperature is raised to 80 DEG  C. with addition of sulphuric acid and potassium bichromate after \ba1/2\be hour to obtain a developed medium brown dyeing.  (5) Acetate artificial silk stockinette fabric, pre-treated and rinsed as in (1) is dyed by treatment for 1 hour in a bat at 75--80 DEG  C. containing Fast acid violet 2R and sulphuric acid.  (6) Glycol cellulose spun filament is treated for \ba1/2\be hour in an aqueous solution at 90--95 DEG  C. containing cetylpyridinium bromide, rinsed, dyed in a bath at 90--95 DEG  C. containing Solochrome cyanine R and acetic acid with an addition of formic acid for exhaustion and of sodium bichromate for afterchroming to obtain a full bright blue dyeing, fast to washing.  (7) and (8) Ethylcellulose powder is treated for \ba1/2\be hour in an aqueous solution at 90 DEG  C. of cetylpyridinium bromide, filtered, washed, and dyed and after-chromed in a bath at 90--95 DEG  C. containing Eriochrome azurol B or Solochrome yellow CS and acetic and formic acids; the solutions of the products in acetone or ethyl alcohol may be used for the manufacture of blue or yellow films respectively. (9) and (10) Acetate artificial silk stockinette is treated for \ba1/2\be hour in an aqueous solution at 75 DEG  C. of dimethylcetylsulphonium methosulphate, rinsed and dyed in a bath at 75--80 DEG  C. containing Solochrome yellow CS or Solochrome cyanine R and acetic and sulphuric acids with an addition of potassium bichromate for after-chroming to obtain medium yellow and bright blue dyeings, fast to washing. (11) Acetate artificial silk stockinette is treated for \ba1/2\be hour in an aqueous solution at 75 DEG  C. for cetylpyridinium bromide, rinsed and dyed a deep yellow in a bath at 75--80 DEG  C. containing Chrysophenine G and acetic acid.  (12) Acetate artificial silk stockinette is treated with cetylpyridinium bromide as in (11) and dyed in a neutral bath at 75--80 DEG  C. containing Chlorazol fast blue FFKS.