Patent GB-714178-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in fuel oils
IPC: C10L1/10
Filed: 1951-11-28
Abstract: A colour-stable fuel oil composition comprises a blend of straight-run and cracked hydrocarbon fuel oils having dissolved or dispersed therein a minor proportion of an oil-soluble amine having at least one non-aromatic hydrocarbon radicle in the molecule.  The term "fuel oil" excludes gasolines and the blend is preferably composed of distillate fractions such as gas oil, furnace oil, burner oil, diesel fuel oil or kerosene.  The blend may, however, comprise residual fuel oils.  A list of suitable amines is given which include primary, secondary and tertiary alkylamines, diethyl or di-n-butyl-benzyl amine, triallylamine, diallyl butylamine, diethyl or dibutyl cyclohexylamine, mono- or di-butyl phenylamine, and mono- or di-cyclohexylamine and mixtures thereof.  The fuel oil composition may also contain one or more anti-clogging agents such as polyhydric alcohol-polybasic acid resins (which may be modified), partial esters of polyhydric alcohols, glyoxalidines, metal soaps of higher fatty acids, normal and basic salts of alicyclic carboxylic acids, such as naphthenic acids, and of petroleum sulphonic acids, and salts of other organic acidic compounds containing a sulpho group, such as dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate and octyl-o-sodium sulphobenzoate. Also a mixture of tar acid oil, cresylic acid and benzol, which may further comprise phenol, ammonium linoleate, ethylene dichloride and a saturated alcohol, may be used as an anti-clogging agent.  The anti-clogging agents may be employed with auxiliary additives such as promoters and detergents, particularly metal salts of aromatic acidic compounds, such as metal phenates, metal phenol sulphides or metal salts of phenol-aldehyde condensation products.  A list of such metal compounds is given.  For use in blends where a substantial amount of moisture is present, a solutizer for water may be added which is compatible with the other components of the fuel oil composition.  A list of glycol ethers, suitable as solutizers, is given.  The fuel oil composition may also contain foam inhibitors, particularly dimethyl silicone, fluoro organic compounds such as fluoro paraffins, and salts of organic and inorganic acids such as soaps and phosphates.  In preparing those fuel oil compositions containing an anti-clogging agent, it is preferred to make a concentrate of the anti-clogging agent, which concentrate may contain auxiliary additives as mentioned above, and then incorporate this concentrate in the fuel oil blend.  The amine can be added to the concentrate or to the fuel oil blend.  A large number of examples of suitable concentrates are given.  These concentrates consist of the anti-clogging agent (sodium salt, or normal or basic calcium or barium salt, of petroleum sulphonic acids; dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate; glycerol-phthalic anhydride resin; 1-amino-ethyl-2-heptadecenyl glyoxalidine; sorbitan monolaurate; or aluminium naphthenate), with or without the auxiliary additives, in an oil base (kerosene; cracked gas oil with or without straight-run gas oil: or No. 3 (A.S.T.M.) fuel oil).  In examples of the fuel oil composition, a blend of cracked gas oil and straight-run gas oil contains amines (chosen from tri-n-butylamine, tri-namylamine, tri-octylamine, tri-iso-butylamine, di-n-butyl benzylamine, diallyl butylamine and dibutyl cyclohexylamine) with or without an anti-clogging concentrate as mentioned above.