baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-844325-A (GB)
Title: Thermoplastic moulding compositions
Inventor: BIRLEY ARTHUR WILLIAM
IPC: C08F279/02
Filed: 1958-02-03
Abstract: Thermoplastic polymer compositions comprise polymers of vinyl chloride and at least 5%, by weight of the polymer mixture, of resinous polymeric materials obtained by polymerizing methyl methacrylate with or without minor proportions of other polymerizable compounds having single vinylidene groups in the presence of polybutadiene or rubbery copolymers of butadiene and methyl methacrylate, said resinous materials having softening points of not less than 65 DEG C.  The vinyl chloride polymer may be polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride.  Specified compounds copolymerizable with methyl methacrylate are acrylonitrile and ethyl acrylate.  The resinous material may be prepared by polymerizing butadiene, with or without methyl methacrylate, in aqueous emulsion in the presence of emulsifiers, e.g. alkali metal salts of sulphonated or sulphated long chain hydrocarbons and animal and vegetable oils and fats, and soaps, and catalysts, e.g. hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal persulphate, mixtures of cumene hydroperoxide or benzoyl peroxide with heavy metal salts, sorbose or fructose.  Methanol may be added if the polymerization is effected at temperatures below 0 DEG C.  The methyl methacrylate, with or without comonomer, may then be added to the rubber latex, preferably after separation of residual butadiene, and polymerized in the presence of a catalyst, e.g. benzoyl peroxide, a , a -azodiisobutyronitrile or potassium persulphate.  Modifiers, such as aliphatic mercaptans and organic polysulphides of which many examples are listed, may be added in both stages of the polymerization.  The comopsitions may also contain fillers, pigments and stabilizers, and may be moulded or extruded to form sheets, rods and pipes.
Patent GB-969362-A (GB)
Title: Fertiliser composition
Inventor: GAYNOR PATRICIA
IPC: C05B7/00
Filed: 1962-01-30
Abstract: A fertilizer is produced by mixing urea with an aqueous solution of a phosphoric acid and/or an ammonium salt thereof or with a liquid phosphoric acid and then mixing in a potassium compound under conditions such that a semi-solid state followed by a fluid state is produced. The composition may contain at least 10% of urea.  The ratio of urea to P2O5 may be less than 1.5.  The composition may contain 10-27% of N, 9-15% of P2O5, and 9-22% of K2O.  The phosphorus may be in the form of orthophosphoric acid, tetraphosphoric acid, or diammonium orthophosphate.  Urea may be mixed with phosphoric acid and ammonia then added.  The potassium compound may be the chloride, sulphate or phosphate.  Ammonium, sodium or potassium nitrate or ammonium sulphate or a trace element, e.g. magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, boron or copper, may also be added to the composition.  The composition may be formed at - 4 DEG  to 10 DEG  C. It may have a pH of 5.3-6.2.  An amount of water insufficient to break up the fluid state may be added. The composition may be added to grass or spring cereal.
Patent GB-489961-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to focal-plane camera shutter mechanism
IPC: G03B9/44
Filed: 1937-02-06
Abstract: 489,961. Sliding - plate shutters. MAYO, A. C., TERRETT, J., and PURMA CAMERAS, Ltd. Feb. 6, 1937, No. 3607. [Class 98 (i)] A camera with a slidable focal-plane apertured shutter-plate is provided with weight actuated means for moving a second plate to modify the area of the exposure slit. In the example shown the shutter-plate 37 is curved and slides in guides on the sides of a moulded camera body in front of a guide plate 17. An exposure modifying plate 61 slides in guides 64 on the plate 37. This plate 61 has an aperture 62 the edge of which overlaps more or less the exposure slit 52 in plate 37. A heartshaped cam 65 is pivoted at 66 in the shutterplate and is sufficiently heavy to hang always with the rounded point downwards. The cam bears against an upturned flange 67 of the plate 61. When the camera is held in the position of Fig. 1 the cam 65 presses the plate 61 downwards to give the narrowest slit 52, Fig. 3. If the camera is reversed the ledge 67 will drop on to the flattened part of the cam and the aperture will be at its maximum. If the camera is held horizontally the ledge 67 will bear against one of the side edges of the cam and the aperture will be of intermediate size. The plate is slidden past the film aperture, upwards in Fig. 1, in the act of setting the shutter, by means of an external lever 48 operating an arm 45 connected by a link 49 with the shutter plate against the action of the shutter spring 44. Upon release of the shutter by depression of a trigger 41, since the flange 67 leads the cam in the exposing movement, inertia will cause the flange to bear on the cam, whatever its position may be. Specifications 430,648, 445,907, 473,123, and 489,960 are referred to.
Patent GB-686012-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of pyridoxine
Inventor: VERRILL KENNETH JOSEPH
IPC: C07D213/73
Filed: 1950-02-13
Abstract: 2 - Methyl - 3 - hydroxy - 4 : 5 - bis (hydroxymethyl)-pyridine (pyridoxine) is obtained by treating a substance of the general formula <FORM:0686012/IV (b)/1> wherein X stands for -NH2 or a group capable of conversion into NH2 by reduction, Y stands for hydrogen or halogen and R stands for an alkyl radical such that the carbalkoxy group -COOR is capable of conversion into -CH2OH by reduction with lithium aluminium hydride, with lithium aluminium hydride so as to carry out the conversions of the substituents X-, CN-, and -COOR (and Y, if Y stands for halogen) by reduction to produce 2-methyl-3-amino - 4 - hydroxymethyl - 5 - aminomethylpyridine, which is then converted to pyridoxine or salts thereof by known methods.  As starting material there may be used 2-methyl-3-nitro-4-carbethoxy-5-cyano-6-chloropyridine.  The reduction with lithium aluminium hydride may be effected in anhydrous ether.
Patent GB-911551-A (GB)
Title: 1-[2-(c alkyl)-4-amino-5-pyrimidylmethyl]-(c alkyl)-pyridinium quaternary salts and compositions containing them
IPC: C07D239/42
Filed: 1960-02-02
Abstract: The anion, X, in quaternary salts of the general formula <FORM:0911551/IV(a)/1> may be derived from a polymer, especially it may be a polystyrenesulphonate ion; otherwise R and R1 are C1-5 alkyl groups n is 1, 2 or 3, and b and c are whole numbers such that the charge on b moles of cation is neutralized by c moles of the anion X (see also Group IV(b)).ALSO:The invention comprises pyrimidylmethylalkylpyridinium salts of the general formula <FORM:0911551/IV (b)/1> (including salts formed with polymers such as polystyrenesulphonic acid (see Group IV(a)) where R and R1 are lower alkyl radicals, n has a value 1, 2 or 3, X is an anion and b and c are positive numbers such that the positive charge of b moles of cation is neutralised by c moles of anion X, "lower" indicating 1-5 carbon atoms in the group so described; the preparation thereof by reacting a lower alkylpyridine and a 2-lower alkyl-4-amino-5-hydroxymethylpyrimidin ester of a strong acid, optionally in the form of its acid addition salt; and compositions comprising the compounds of the invention and an inert diluent. 2-Propyl-4-amino-5-bromomethyl pyrimidine dihydrobromide is prepared by reacting butyramidine with ethoxymethylene-malonitrile to give 2-propyl-4-amino-5-cyanopyrimidine, reducing this to give the 5-aminomethylpyrimidine dihydrochloride, reacting this with nitrous acid to give the -5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine and reacting this with hydrogen bromide.  The 2-isopropyl-2-butyl- and 2-amyl-analogues are also prepared.  Compositions for veterinary use against coccidinosis are in the form of poultry feed supplements preferably containing 1-40% of the active ingredient together with solid orally ingestible carriers, or in the form of a watersoluble powder preferably containing 1-25% of the active ingredient dispersed in an edible water-soluble carrier, or an animal feedstuff preferably containing 0.0005-0.05% of the active ingredient.
Patent GB-923302-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of lactams
IPC: C07D/
Filed: 1960-05-05
Abstract: In the preparation of lactams by the Beckmann rearrangement of cyclic ketoximes, the oxime in molten form is continuously mixed with sulphuric acid of at least 99% concentration in a ratio of 1 mol of oxime to 1 to 3 moles of acid, and the mixture maintained at 70-200 DEG C., and reaction mixture is continuously withdrawn from the vessel at a rate so as to maintain a residence time of 10-30 minutes. The sulphuric acid may contain free SO3, e.g. 1 to 10% by weight.
Patent GB-900210-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to balancing of load in parallel rectifier arrangements
Inventor: HIGGS GEORGE ROBERT
IPC: H02M7/06
Filed: 1958-02-05
Abstract: 900,210. Rectifying. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Jan. 15, 1959 [Feb. 5, 1958], No. 3791/58. Class 38 (2). Equal sharing of the load between two parallel connected rectifier bridge networks is obtained by inserting reactors C, D between corresponding corners G,G<SP>1</SP>; H,H<SP>1</SP>; and/ or E,E<SP>1</SP>, F,F<SP>1</SP>, and connecting the A.C. input and/or the D.C. load to the mid-points of these reactors. In a modification for use with four parallel-connected bridges (Fig. 3, not shown) the bridges are connected in pairs through firststage reactors and the mid-points of these reactors are interconnected by second-stage reactors, to the mid-points of which the input or load is connected. An arrangement of eight parallel bridges is also referred to.
Patent GB-573901-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electron lens systems
IPC: A47L9/24
Filed: 1942-03-24
Abstract: 573,901. Electron lenses. KLEMPERER, O. E. H. March 24, 1942, No. 3922. [Class 39 (i)] An electron lens for focusing a beam, preferably ribbon-shaped, into a straight line, comprises a pair of electrodes on opposite sides of the beam, the opposed edges of which define a passage of elongated cross-section for the beam, and the separation of the edges diminishes towards their ends. By appropriate choice of the shape of the edges it is possible to focus into a straight line a flat beam which approaches within a distance of the ends of the edges which is less than the maximum separation of the edges. The electrodes may co-operate with another similarly shaped pair of electrodes spaced axially therefrom. The edges 11, 12, Fig. 4, may be joined to form a single closed tubular member giving complete shielding of the beam. The shape of these edges is found empirically by passing beams at different distances x1, x2, x3 from the centre x0 of a box-shaped electrode 19, determining the focal length and the ratio of this focal length to the focal length of a central beam, and diminishing the separations in the same ratio to the values yl, y2, y3. The ends 16 may be cut off by flat sides. The edges may also form the edges of an aperture in a diaphragm 20, Fig. 6, on the end of a shielding tube, the shape being obtained by strips 25 welded across the corners to give an empirically determined correction at two distances from x0. The shape thus determined would be punched out for massproduction. Reference has been directed, by the Comptroller to U.S.A. Specification 2,058,482.
Patent GB-712347-A (GB)
Title: Electrical switching apparatus for use in liquids, or in inflammable or explosive atmospheres
Inventor: COLLINGE EDWARD GEORGE
IPC: H01H29/20
Filed: 1952-02-14
Abstract: 712,347. Switches held set and freed mechanically; electromagnetic switches. MUREX, Ltd. Feb. 16, 1953 [Feb. 14, 1952], No. 3945/52. Class 38(5) Switching apparatus for use in explosive atmospheres comprises a casing 3 enclosing three mercury switch tubes and their leads 21, 19, the casing being filled with a non-inflammable sealing material poured through holes 20. A preferred material is a thermoplastic known as "Aroclor 4465 (Registered Trade Mark). The casing 3 is pivoted at 4 to a base 5 and is held by a spring- biased latch 7 against the action of a spring, Fig. 2, (not shown) connected between 3 and 5 and which tends to tilt the casing 3 counter-clockwise to open the circuits through tubes 1. A leaf spring, Fig. 2, (not shown) bears against the casing to damp its movement. The casing is returned to its latched position by a handle 6. Flame-proof cables 12 connect the casing to a junction-box 13 which may also be filled with Aroclor. According to Fig. 3 a solenoid 18 in the junction-box 13a controls an armature 17 linked to the casing 3 to hold the latter in the switch closed position against the bias of a switch opening spring 15a.
Patent GB-1092881-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to colour television apparatus
Inventor: JAMES IVANHOE JOHN PENFOUND
IPC: H04N9/097
Filed: 1963-01-31
Abstract: 1,092,881. Colour television signal generation. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Jan. 31, 1964 [Jan. 31, 1963; May 16, 1963], Nos. 3977/63 and 19422/63. Heading H4F. [Also in Division G2] Component colour images 3, 4, 5, Fig. 1, are formed in side-by-side position on the target of a pick-up tube and scanned as one image at one third of the standard line scanning rate so that the component colour signals are generated line sequentially at the standard line rate, the signals thereafter being directed into separate channels 9, 10, 11 by switch 8 and converted into simultaneous signals by further switches which operate in conjunction with pairs of delay lines 17, 18, 21, 22 and 24, 25, each line of which introduces a delay equal to the duration of one standard scanning line. A second camera 51 produces a luminance signal, the frame scanning of the two cameras being controlled by a common generator 58 and the line scans being controlled at standard and one-third standard rate by separate generators 55, 54. In a second arrangement, Fig. 2, the colour camera has a target formed of mutually insulated strips corresponding to the standard scanning lines each provided with a colour filter, the colours being arranged in the repeating sequence R, G, B, R etc. Connections to the target strips of the same colour are commoned. The target is scanned at the standard rate and thus produces line sequential colour signals with the components in separate channels. Simultaneous signals are produced as before by delay lines 36. In a third arrangement, Fig. 3, a normal undivided target is employed in the pick-up tube with a filter formed of a repeating sequence of red, green and blue strips, but the filter has the red and blue strips divided by vertical opaque lines, the number employed for the blue strips being substantially greater than that employed for the red strips. The target is again scanned at the standard rate so that the colour component signals appear in sequence at line rate, but the signals are distinguished in that the green signal is a normal video signal whereas the red and blue signals are carrier signals of different carrier frequency. The signals are separated by low-pass and band-pass filters 43, 44, 45 and (after demodulation in the case of the red and blue signals) rendered simultaneous by delay line circuits (not shown) arranged as in Fig. 2. The green signal channel includes undesired red and blue components which are eliminated by cross-coupling the channels. The need for this is avoided in a fourth, similar arrangement, Fig. 4 (not shown), in which the green filter strips are also divided so that the green signal appears as a carrier signal. In connection with the third and fourth embodiments there is described with reference to Figs. 5-8 (not shown) an optical system in which the filters comprise pairs of filters located away from the focal plane. This system forms the subject of Specification 1,092,882.
Patent GB-838032-A (GB)
Title: Production of gibberellic acid
IPC: C12P27/00
Filed: 1957-02-05
Abstract: Gibberellic acid is prepared by cultivation of an active strain of Gibberella fujikuroi (Fusarium moniliforme) in two or more stages, the first stage or stages being one or more of active growth of the mould in one or more aerated nutrient media and the final stage being carried out in a separate aerated unbalanced nutrient medium and being one during which active growth is checked and gibberellic acid is produced.  Preferably the unbalanced medium has a carbon/nitrogen ratio higher than the ratio at which carbon and nitrogen are used up by the mould during active growth.  A balanced medium suitable for the active growth stage or stages is one containing sources of carbon, e.g. sugar such as glucose or sucrose or a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerol; nitrogen, e.g. an ammonium salt, a nitrate, corn steep liquor or a digest of protein such as peptone or other sources containing assimilable nitrogen; magnesium and sulphur, conveniently as magnesium sulphate; potassium and phosphorus, conveniently as potassium dihydrogen phosphate; and traces of iron, copper, zinc, manganese and molybdenum.  A suitable concentration of nitrogen in the balanced medium is within the range 0.017 to 0.25% weight for volume and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in this medium is suitably within the range of 10 : 1 to 25 : 1.  In the unbalanced medium a suitable carbon to nitrogen ratio is within the range 25 : 1 to 200 : 1, more preferably between 30 : 1 and 55 : 1, and a suitable nitrogen concentration in this medium is within the range 0.04 to 0.17% weight for volume.  Examples are given, and comparisons with a single stage process are made.  Specifications 783,611 and 838,033 are referred to.
Patent GB-524670-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to air compressors
IPC: F04B41/04
Filed: 1939-02-07
Abstract: 524,670. Fluid-pressure servomotor-control systems. JACKSON, L. MELLERSH- (Schramm, Inc.). Feb. 7, 1939, No. 4007. [Class 135] A compressor receives air through a poppet valve 22 actuated by a cam 36 through a follower 48 pressing on a piston 44 acting through a screwhead 40 on the valve stem, and delivers the compressed air through an automatic annular-valve 24. The inlet valve 22 is held open at a certain reservoir pressure by air admitted to the cylinder 46 enclosing the piston 44, and raising the piston. This air supply is admitted by a pipe 52 connected to a valve, Fig. 2, to which air is admitted from the reservoir 30. At low pressures the valve disc 68 is held on its upper seat, and allows the pipe 52 to communicate with atmosphere by leakage past a ball valve 84 and through a passage 80. At high pressures, the disc is forced down on its lower seat and the compressed air passes to the pipe 52 and cylinder 46. The inlet valve may be located in the compressor cylinder head surrounded by the outlet valve, and actuated through a lever.
Patent GB-932048-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to polymerisation and like processes
Inventor: CLAUSNITZER MARTIN
IPC: B01J3/04
Filed: 1960-02-04
Abstract: Polymerization, e.g. of ethylene, at high pressure may be effected in the intermediate passages of a reactor comprising a plurality of tubular reaction sections secured together by one or more coupling elements which each have a respective through-bore, wherein each reaction section comprises three concentric tubes defining an inner passage, an intermediate passage and an outer passage, which passages are not interconnected, and wherein each through-bore connects the respective intermediate passages of two adjacent reaction sections, while passing a heat exchange medium through the inner and outer passages of the reactor.  The reactor preferably incorporates an automatic temperature control system. Apparatus suitable for the polymerization is described and illustrated.
Patent GB-414426-A (GB)
Title: New solid vat dyestuff preparations
IPC: C09B67/28
Filed: 1933-02-09
Abstract: Vat dyestuff preparations are made by mixing a vat dyestuff, a hydrosulphite, a tertiary alkali metal phosphate and, if desired, a wetting agent.  They are stable to air and yield clear vats when brought into warm water suitable for dyeing and printing, e.g. viscose.  In examples, compositions containing trisodium phosphate, sodium hydrosulphite, isobutylnaphthalene sulphonate and the following dyes are described: tetrabromindigo, 1-benzoylaminoanthraquinone, dibromdimethoxydibenzanthrone, indigo, thioindigo, the dyestuff from 3 - oxy - (1) - thionaphthene and acenaphthene quinone (Specification 21578/09, [Class 2 (iii)]), the dyestuff from isatin - a  - chloride and toluhydroxynaphthocarbazole, the dyestuff from 2 : 1 - naphthooxythiophene and 5 : 7-dichlorisatin (see Specification 198,415, [Class 2 (iii)]) (formula given), the dyestuff from 4-methoxy-1-naphthol and 1-chloro-2 : 3-naphthisatin-a -chloride (see Specification 289,154, [Class 2 (iii)]), 2 : 5-dianilidobenzoquinone, 4 : 5<1> - dibenzoylamino - 1 : 1<1> - dianthra - quinonylaminocarbazole, 2-(p-chloranilido)-naphthoquinone, dimethoxydibenzanthrone, the dyestuff obtained by treating the condensation product of chloranil and aniline with alkali sulphides or sodium hydrosulphide, the dyestuff obtained by treating the condensation product of chloranil and p-chloraniline or aniline with substances splitting off sulphur.
Patent GB-661092-A (GB)
Title: The production of chlorination products of acetaldehyde
IPC: C07C45/63
Filed: 1948-02-11
Abstract: Chloral is prepared from acetaldehyde or its reversible polymers by first chlorinating with cooling until the aldehyde in substantial part has been coverted into its monochloro derivative, and then chlorinating with heating to give chloral.  Polymers of acetaldehyde may be paraldehyde or metaldehyde.  The first stage (with cooling) must take place below 30 DEG  C., e.g. 10-20 DEG  C., and until from 0.5 to 1.3 mols. of chlorine have reacted per mol. of acetaldehyde. In the second stage the reaction temperature is raised by heating to about 85 DEG  C. (maximum 95 DEG  C.). Reaction-promoters may be added in either the first or second stage of the reaction; water is preferred, but metal chlorides, e.g. of iron, zinc, antimony, tin, or phosphorus chlorides may be used.  The water is added as 0.5-3 mols. per mol. of acetaldehyde.  Explosions in the gas space above the reaction mixture are avoided by keeping the percentage of chlorine in the atmosphere below 30 per cent, and for safety below 10-15 per cent; this may be achieved by the use of an inert gas such as carbon dioxide, which should constitute at least 52 per cent of the atmosphere.  In an example, paraldehyde is chlorinated in presence of both water and carbon dioxide, first at 20 DEG  C. and then at 85 DEG C. to give chloral, together with some 2 : 2 : 3-trichlorobutanol. The added water is removed by addition of concentrated sulphuric acid.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises a process which is not limited with regard to the reaction conditions in the first, cooled, stage of the process.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-607655-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved device for use when heating a liquid in an open-topped vessel
IPC: A47J27/60
Filed: 1946-02-11
Abstract: 607,655. Preventing " boiling over " of milk &c. WEBB. T. A., SANDERS, F. H., and PATER, E. H. Feb. 11, 1946, No. 4137. [Class 66] A disc 7 with two divergent channels 10, for preventing milk &c. from " boiling over" from a saucepan &c. 11 rests with its rim 7a on the bottom. The disc 7 may be electro-plated &c. and may have concentric corrugations. Circulation through the channels 10 causes the disc to flap about a point C, thus agitating the milk &c. and preventing skin formation.