Patent GB-598961-A (GB)
Title: Improved resinous compositions and infusible, insoluble resinous products obtained therewith
IPC: C08L29/14
Filed: 1945-03-01
Abstract: A composition comprises a polyvinyl acetal resin, a partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol with an unsaturated aliphatic acid, and a reaction product of an aldehyde with a phenol or a substance capable of forming an aminoplast by reaction with an aldehyde, said reaction product being incorporated while in the soluble state.  The term acetal also includes ketals.  Preferred partial esters are those of polyhydric alcohols with unsaturated aliphatic acids having more than nine and preferably from ten to twenty carbon atoms and particularly preferred are the glyceryl mono-esters of unsaturated aliphatic acids having more than sixteen but less than twenty carbon atoms.  The acetal should advantageously be one in which at least thirty per cent of the ester groups of the original ester are replaced by acetal groups and not more than fifty per cent are replaced by hydroxyl groups, the preferred acetal contains from five to twenty-five per cent of hydroxyl groups.  Specified aldehydes used for the production of the acetal are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, valeraldehyde, hexaldehyde, benzaldehyde and cyclohexanone.  Specified polyhydric alcohols are glycerin, mannitol, sorbitol, glucose, erythritol, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and triethylene glycol.  Among a long list of unsaturated aliphatic acids are propenoic acid, 2-pentenoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-butenoic acid, 2 - chloro - 2 - propenoic acid, propynoic acid and 13-docosynoic acid. Esters derived from the acids of various oils such as linseed, tung, castor and dehydrated castor oil may also be used. Preferred esters are glyceryl-mono - 12 - hydroxy - 9 - octadecenoate, glyceryl mono - 9,12 - octadecadienoate, glyceryl mono - 9,12,15 - octadecatrienoate, and glyceryl mono-9-octadecenoate. Phenols specified are phenol, paratertiary amyl, butyl, or p-phenyl phenol, o- and p-cresol, 1,3,5-xylenol, resorcinol, catechol, and pyrogallol.  Specified substances capable of forming aminoplasts are melamine, chlorinated, alkylated or phenylated melamines, ammeline, ammelide, 2,4,6-triethyl- and triphenyl - triamino - 1,3,5 - triazines, 2,4,6 - trihydrazino-1,3,5-triazine, melam, melem, 2-amino - 1,3,5 - triazine, 2 - chloro - 4,6 - diamino - 1,3,5 - triazine, 2 - phenyl - 4 - amino-6 - hydroxyl - 1,3,5 - triazine, 6 - methyl - 2, 4-diamino-1,3,5 - triazine, urea, thiourea, diurea, hydroxyurea, diethylene thiourea, ethanol urea, unsym-diphenyl urea, methyl urea, acetyl urea, phenyl thiourea, alkyl urea, methylol ureas, methylene ureas, guanidine, dicyandiamide, guanyl urea, creatinine, guanoline, casein, aniline, benzenedisulphonamide, toluene sulphonamide, sulphanilamide, malonic diamide, maleic diamide, fumaric diamide and itaconic diamide.  Among the usual phenol-aldehyde resins which may be employed are those disclosed in U.S.A.  Specifications 1,996,069, 1,996,070 and 2,079,210 and German Specification 340,989. Plasticizers and the usual compounding agents may be present. Specification 351,082 also is referred to.