baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1386856-A (GB)
Title: Growing epitaxial layers
IPC: C30B19/06
Filed: 1972-04-11
Abstract: 1386856 Epitaxial growth on a substrate WESTERN ELECTRIC CO INC 11 April 1972 [12 April 1971 16 July 1971] 16611/72 Heading B1S An epitaxial layer is grown on a substrate by contacting the latter with a liquid nutrientflux solution so that growth occurs on contact and wherein prior to contact the nutrient-flux solution is super-saturated and formed by cooling the solution to an initial nucleation temperature which is less than 950‹C and is at least 10‹C below the saturation temperature of the solution which remains in the liquid state. The lattice parameters between the epitaxial layer and the substrate may differ by not more than 1.0%. The specification includes an extensive list of substrates, nutrients and fluxes. The substrates and nutrients may be selected from garnets, spinels ferrites, orthoferrites, corundum, yttrium, rare earth orthoaluminates or lead niobate. The nutrient flux is preferably a boron oxide-, lead oxide mixture or a bismuth oxide-vanadium oxide mixture. Nutrient-flux solution is prepared in the usual manner from powdered ingredients with the desired layer. Following formation of the solution, the substrate is generally brought to the temperature of the solution e.g. by suspending the substrate over the surface of the solution. The layer is preferably grown in the apparatus shown wherein a platinium crucible 11 supported on a pedestal 13 is heated by a resistance furnace 12 and contains the desired flux-solution 17. The substrate 18 is supported in holder 14, and contact with the solution controlled by pulling means 15.
Patent GB-720997-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to liquid-circulating devices for containers such as washing-boilers
IPC: D06F1/08
Filed: 1953-06-17
Abstract: 720,997. Washing-boilers &c. ENGELBRECHT, M. June 17, 1953 [Oct. 29, 1952], No. 16721/53. Class 64 (1). A liquid-circulating device for a washing- boiler &c. comprises a riser tube 2 which has at the top a nozzle 6 through which the liquid sprays out and a somewhat funnel-shaped hood 7 which in conjunction with the nozzle acts as injector to draw air into and break up the emerging liquid stream. In the form shown, a cap 5 adjustably carried by a rod 4 is spaced from the open top of the tube to form the nozzle 6, and the hood 7 is spaced above the cap 5 to form an air passage. The tube 2 is telescopic. In a modification, the tube is closed at the top, and has a ring of laterally directed tapering nozzles each surrounded by a frustoconical member to form an injector.
Patent GB-1069549-A (GB)
Title: Phase detector
IPC: H03D13/00
Filed: 1965-04-21
Abstract: 1,069,549. Phase detection; semi-conductor pulse circuits. HEWLETT PACKARD CO. Aprit 21, 1965 [May 5, 1964], No. 16887/65. Headings H3A and H3T. A phase detector comprises a source of pulses at a reference frequency coupled to a transmission line to which the signal source is also supplied, and a detector at the end of the line biased to operate only on signals greater than a predetermined amplitude. In Fig. 2 the reference oscillator 17 is connected through a steprecovery diode 21 to the inner conductor 13 of a coaxial line which is short-circuited at 15. The effect of this is to produce pulses at the reference frequency having a duration equal to twice the propagation time from the diode 21 to the end 15. The signal source 33 is coupled to the line through a directional coupler 27 so that the signal reaching the detector 25 is the sum of the pulses and the input signal. The diode 20 in the detector is biased as shown from the output circuit 49 so that it conducts only when the pulses are combined with the signal, and it produces an output corresponding to the phase difference. The utilization circuit 49 may be employed to maintain phase lock between a sub-harmonic of source 33 and the reference oscillator.
Patent GB-751175-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for withdrawing cigarettes from a supply container
IPC: B65B19/10
Filed: 1954-06-09
Abstract: 751,175. Discharging cigarettes. KORBER, K. June 9, 1954 [Aug. 6, 1953], No. 16922/54. Class 78 (1). Apparatus for discharging cigarettes from a container 1 to a lower chamber 3 provided with partitions 5 above which rotating rolls 7 are arranged such that at any one time only one cigarette can pass between adjacent rolls into the respective compartment of the chamber, is characterised in that the axis of each rotating roll receives a horizontal and vertical movement during its rotation. As shown, the rolls are eccentrically mounted and may have grooves in their surfaces into which stationary fingers project so as to throw the cigarettes clear of the rolls.
Patent GB-715892-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for storing articles such as books or documents
Inventor: INGOLD HANS
IPC: A47B53/02
Filed: 1951-07-17
Abstract: 715,892. Cabinets; shelves. INGOLD, H. July 17, 1951, No. 16943/51. Class 52(1) [Also in Group X] Cabinets or shelf structures L1-L5 stored with their access faces in contact can be separated by displacement in a direction normal to such faces by engaging sliding bolts 31 on the cabinets L2-L5 with a sliding rack m directly connected to the outer cabinet L1. The rack is reciprocated by a reversible motor M, preferably an electric motor with push buttons 22, 27 controlling the separating and closing movements subject to the preliminary operation of the bolts 31 which are interlocked with safety switches 28.. A modified control circuit is described incorporating key-operated master switches and a timedelay device opening the control circuit after a predetermined period has elapsed.
Patent GB-1494141-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of a photographic image
IPC: G03C5/40
Filed: 1975-04-24
Abstract: 1494141 Treatment of an image with hydrogen peroxide AGFA-GEVAERT AG 24 April 1975 [27 April 1974] 17001/75 Heading G2C A bubble or colour image is produced by bring- ing a layer containing free hydrogen peroxide into contact with an exposed photo-sensitive layer containing an imagewise distribution of catalyst for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and heating at 80-150‹C. The photo-sensitive layer may be exposed to water vapour at 50-90‹C for 1-5 secs during or after the heat-treatment. The hydrogen peroxide-containing layer may be formed from polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, or cellulose acetate. The hydrogen peroxide may be incorporated into the layer-forming material before or after layer formation, e.g. as an aqueous solution (followed by drying). The concentration of hydrogen peroxide may be 1-15 gm/m<SP>2</SP>. The photosensitive layer may be formed from a silver halide emulsion of low silver halide content (e.g. 0À2 gm of Ag per m<SP>2</SP>), a material which forms a catalase or peroxidase active enzyme on exposure, or a catalase or peroxidase active enzyme which is inactivated by exposure to light. The Examples relate to superimposed silver and bubble images.
Patent GB-205846-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in tidal water power plant
IPC: F03B3/10
Filed: 1922-06-20
Abstract: 205,846. Huguenin, A. June 20, 1922. Addition to 171,346. Tidal energy, utilizing. A tidal water-power plant, forming a modification of that described in the parent Specification, comprises turbines 1, 2, Fig. 1, driving a continuous-current generator, the variation in speed of the turbines being counteracted by an alteration of the electrical conditions of the generator, preferably by a regulating resistance 13, Figs. 8 and 9, inserted in the field current. The turbines have upper and lower guide-blades 9, 10, the set on the inlet side being normally in their operative positions. When the water head is less than a predetermined minimum, a pole-changing switch 14 is operated to cause the generator supplied with current to function as a motor driving the turbines, which act as pumps to speed up the transference of water from one side of the turbine dam to the other. When the water passages are to be closed, the guide-blades are put in the positions shown in Fig. 7.
Patent GB-561031-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in mountings of tanks and other rigid structures on vehicles
IPC: B60P3/22
Filed: 1942-12-01
Abstract: 561,031. Tank vehicles. THOMPSON BROS. (BILSTON), Ltd., and MEREDITH, J. W. Dec. 1, 1942, No. 17063. [Class 108 (i)] A vehicle comprising a chassis frame B carrying a tank A or other rigid struc ture, has the tank &c. con nected substantially rigidly at one end (not shown) tc the chassis frame to which the other end of the tank is connected through the medium of a universal joint having two axes at right angles, one fore- and-aft and the other transverse. Links D, suspended by trunnions d from lugs c under the tank, carry by trunnions d<1> a ring E which is connected by doubly-pivoted links F to the chassis.
Patent GB-277769-A (GB)
Title: Improvements connected with the utilisation of waste acid liquors in chemical processes
IPC: C01B17/90
Filed: 1926-07-08
Abstract: 277,769. Klein, C. A., and Brown, R. S. July 8, 1926. Borium sulphate.-Waste acid liquors containing sulphuric acid and, it may be, small amounts of iron salts, for instance, those obtained in the process for the preparation of titanium pigments described in Specification 243,081, [Class 95, Paints, &c.] after being decolorised, if necessary, as with animal charcoal, sulphur dioxide, or by producing a precipitate, e.g. of barium sulphate to carry down impurities in suspension, are treated with a barium compound such as the oxide or carbonate to obtain barium sulphate, the amount of the barium compound added being insufficient completely to neutralise the liquor. whereby a precipitate free from iron is obtained. To facilitate the reaction, a small quantity of an acid or soluble salt adapted to form a soluble barium salt may be added, for instance, hydrochloric, nitric, or acetic acid or their alkali salts.
Patent GB-1194381-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in a Supporting Stand for Instruments
Inventor: STREET ARTHUR
IPC: A61B19/00
Filed: 1967-04-14
Abstract: 1,194,381. Brackets. POLAR HYDRAULICS Ltd. 8 April, 1968 [14 April, 1967], No. 17148/67 Heading A4B. [Also in Divisions A5 and F2] A support stand, e.g. for holding surgical instruments, includes a base 21, a holder (not shown) and a flexible support element 10 extending between the holder and the base, the flexible element comprising an upper end member 13, a lower end member 14, and a plurality of hollow parts 12 through which a cable passes, the base including a housing for the end member 14 which includes means 24 for locating an end of the cable and being formed with a pair of surfaces (27) (Fig. 2, not shown) for co-operation with surfaces 28 of a wedge 29 which is urged towards the housing by tightening of a nut 33 whereby the wedge urges the end member 14 into the housing to tauten the cable such that the flexible element is locked in an attitude in which it has been placed. Specification 983,560 is referred to.
Patent GB-1189630-A (GB)
Title: A Signalling System for Pneumatic Tube Dispatch Installations in Nuclear Reactors.
IPC: B65G51/36
Filed: 1969-03-05
Abstract: 1,189,630. Reactors. KERNFORSCHUNGSANLAGE JULICH G.m.b.H. 5 March, 1969 [9 March, 1968], No. 11731/69. Heading G6C. Irradiation capsules are passed into the interior of a reactor by means of a pneumatic tube dispatch system, the arrival of the capsule at its irradiation position being indicated by the impact noise as the capsule strikes a supporting stop. As the capsule 3 strikes the stop 4, in the dispatch tube 1, the noise is propagated in the wall 1, and detected by the microphone 2. To prevent the system responding to the noise oenerated by the gas injection, the photoelectric cell 9, controlled by the passage of the capsule through its light beam, maintains the circuit of 2 open until the capsule has passed 9.
Patent GB-363291-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of articles from basalt
IPC: B28B1/54
Filed: 1931-06-15
Abstract: 363,291. Making articles from basalt. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London.-(Assignees of Watson, H. L. ; 29, Arlington Street, Lynn, Massachusetts, U.S.A.) June 15, 1931, No. 17334. Convention date, June 16, 1930. [Class 56.] Production of metal.-A method of making articles of basalt comprises melting the material in a controlled reducing or oxidizing atmosphere, casting the melted material into articles of desired shape, and then completely devitrifying the articles by a definite heat treatment which is fixed by the nature of the atmosphere used in the melting furnace. If the material is to be melted in a reducing atmosphere, a charge is placed in a furnace, which may be of the open-hearth type, and heat is applied by means of ordinary illuminating gas or fuel oil mixed with such a quantity of air that combustion is incomplete, the proportions of gas and air being regulated by analysis of the flue gases. The melt is cast in suitable moulds, and the castings, while still highly heated, are placed in saggers containing a mixture of graphite with sand or other inert material, such as zirconium silicate. The carbon accelerates devitrification and assists in forming a lustrous surface on the articles. The saggers are immediately placed in a furnace and are kept at a temperature of about 725‹ C. until temperature equilibrium has been established. The articles are then reheated to about 900‹ C. and are kept at this temperature for about an hour. They are then cooled to room temperature. If an oxidizing atmosphere is employed in the melting furnace, the cast articles are placed in saggers, as before, and the saggers are then quickly loaded into a furnace kept at about 400‹ C., care being taken to avoid chilling the castings during loading. The temperature is kept at 900‹ C. for about an hour, and the articles are then cooled to room temperature. If vitreous basalt articles are desired, the castings obtained by either of the methods described above are subjected to the heat treatment which is specified for the other method, and vice versa.
Patent GB-428979-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of sulphur
IPC: C01B17/04
Filed: 1934-06-12
Abstract: In the reduction of sulphur dioxide, obtained by roasting pyrites of various kinds, to produce pure elemental sulphur, the roaster gases are purified prior to reduction by passing the gases through an electrostatic precipitator, the gas being cooled prior to entry to cause the condensation of arsenical and other impurities.  The temperature of the gases on entry should be below 200 DEG  C. and should not exceed 150 DEG  C. on leaving the precipitator and may be 100 or 80 DEG  C.  After the removal of the impurities, the gases are heated to at least 200 DEG  C. and the reduction is effected with coal or coke at 800 to 1100 DEG  C., the reduction being facilitated by the addition of a catalyst to the coke &c. Preferably, the reduction is so carried out as to produce carbon monoxide, carbon oxysulphide and carbon bisulphide which are caused to react to produce sulphur in the presence of a catalyst with sulphur dioxide which may be the unreduced excess or be added to the gases.  As catalyst in the two reactions may be employed alkali compounds, compounds of the metals of the second group of the periodic table, aluminium compounds and iron or iron compounds.
Patent GB-828407-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of high octane motor fuels
IPC: C10G59/02
Filed: 1958-06-02
Abstract: High octane number motor fuels are prepared by subjecting a naphtha boiling within the range 125 DEG  to 430 DEG  F. to hydroforming under conditions of elevated pressure and temperature in the presence of a Group VI metal oxide catalyst or a platinum group metal catalyst to convert the naphtha to an 80 to 100 octane number product, fractionating the product to remove a C4 to C5 cut, a C6 to C7 cut, and a C8+ cut, aromatizing the C6 to C7 cut in contact with a chromia catalyst to increase its octane number to from 90 to 102 (Research Clear) and blending the aromatized product with the C4 to C5 and the C8+ fractions of the hydroformate to produce a motor fuel having a (Research Clear) octane number greater than 95 with high octane number constituents distributed throughout the entire boiling range. Hydroforming catalysts specified are molybdenum oxide on alumina, and platinum or palladium on alumina, and pressures and temperatures in the hydroforming zone are in the ranges 150 to 400 p.s.i.g. nad 800 DEG  to 975 DEG  F.  Aromatizing chromia catalysts specified are those containing between 5 and 40% by weight of chromium oxide supported on alumina, the alumina optionally containing up to 10% by weight of SiO2.  These catalysts may also include small amounts of potassium and cerium oxides.  Other chromia catalysts specified are 75 TiO2-5Al2O3-20Cr2O3, and 80 activated carbon-20 Cr2O3.  Pressures and temperatures in the aromatizing zone are between atmospheric and 100 p.s.i.g. and between 950 DEG  and 1075 DEG  F.  The final product is preferably freed from normal paraffins by subjecting the C4 to C5 cut from the original naphtha, the C4 to C5 and C8+ cuts from the hydroformate, and the product withdrawn from the chromia aromatization zone, to a molecular sieve treatment by which natural or synthetic zeolites having pore diameters of about 5   adsorb the normal paraffins only. Desorption of the zeolites yields an n-butane fraction which is used for blending with motor fuel, an n-pentane fraction which is recycled to the hydroforming zone, and a higher n-paraffin fraction which is recycled to the chromia aromatization zone. Synthetic zeolites with molecular sieve properties are prepared by adding separate aqueous solutions of sodium metasilicate and sodium aluminate to water at 190 DEG  F. made alkaline with sodium hydroxide, an excess of metasilicate solution over aluminate solution being maintained during the addition.  The precipitate after filtering and washing is a 4   molecular sieve of sodium alumino-silicate.  A 5  sieve is prepared by stirring the filter cake with a 20% calcium chloride solution followed by filtering, washing, drying, and calcining at 850 DEG  F.
Patent GB-1145663-A (GB)
Title: Strap
Inventor: PERKINS ALAN JAMES
IPC: A44C5/00
Filed: 1966-04-21
Abstract: 1,145,663. Laminates. K. BAUER, [trading as GUBA-UHRENROHWERKE, GUSTAVE BAUER K.G.]. 21 April, 1966, No. 17598/66. Heading B5N. [Also in Division A3] A wrist watch strap comprises three layers la, 2a, 3a sealed together along their edges, the middle layer having the greatest strength and a loop being formed at one end to engage with a watch case spring pin. The layers 1a and 3a are made of plastics material such as polyvinyl-chloride and the middle layer 2a is made of loosely woven threads of plastics, silk or glass fibre reinforced by polyvinylchloride. The lower surface of the layer 3a may be flocked and the upper surface of the layer 1a may be embossed or flocked.
Patent GB-795966-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatic stop mechanism for textile machines
Inventor: WARD KENNETH
IPC: D01H13/18
Filed: 1955-06-18
Abstract: 795,966. Stop mechanism for drawing heads. FAIRBAIRN LAWSON COMBE BARBOUR, Ltd. April 25, 1956 [June 18, 1955], No. 17658/55. Class 120(2) A stop motion mechanism for a textile machine comprises a yarn or sliver break detecting device having a sliver detecting arm provided with a pawl or projection which on the occurrence of a breakage engages with a roller, forming part of a drafting zone and frictionally driven, so as to cause the roller to cease rotation and also to cause a further sliver drive motion to be arrested. In the embodiment shown, on the occurrence of a break in the sliver 1 the detector arm 20 moves to the left about pivot 21 and engages pawl 23 with ratchet teeth 24 on the roller 14, which is frictionally driven from shaft 15. thus stopping its rotation. At the same time the force exerted by the roller teeth 24 back on the pawl 23 causes the lever 5, which carries the detector arm 20 and one of a pair of rollers 2, 3, to swing about its pivot 6 thereby removing the roller 3 from the driven roller 2 thus stopping the passage of sliver between them. Specification 591,792 is referred to.
Patent GB-952351-A (GB)
Title: Emulsion and suspension polymerization process
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1960-05-19
Abstract: Water-insoluble, ethylenically unsaturated monomers are polymerized in aqueous oil-in-water emulsions or suspensions in the presence of a silica gel or sol which has both hydrophilic and organophilic properties due to the presence on or at the surface of the silica particles of one or more of the following organic compounds; (a) aliphatic amines having 6 to 24 carbon atoms; (b) heterocyclic nitrogenous bases; (c) polyalkylene imines; (d) hydroxyalkyl-polyoxyalkylene amines; (e) carboxylic esters of (d); (f) carboxylic amides of (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e); (g) acid-soluble condensation products of alkylolamines with polycarboxylic acids; (h) water-soluble proteins; (i) quaternary ammonium compounds having at least 6 carbon atoms; (j) sulphonium compounds having at least 6 carbon atoms; the pH of the resulting mixture of silica and organic cationic compound having been adjusted to between 2 and 7 when the organic cationic compound is from one of the foregoing subgroups A to H, and to between 2 and 10 when the organic cationic compound is from one of the foregoing subgroups I and J, and which thus modified silica has not been substantially dehydrated. Specified monomers are styrene, a -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, ar-dimethyl styrene, ar-ethylstyrene, divinylbenzene, vinylnaphthalene, halostyrenes, vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinylidene chloride, vinylidene bromide and methyl methacrylate. Many organic compounds suitable for modifying the silica gel or sol are specified and examples describe the polymerization of styrene containing 4% of technical divinylbenzene and 1% of benzoyl peroxide in the presence of potassium dichromate as inhibitor of water-phase polymerization and silica modified with (1-3) water-soluble condensates of diethanolamine and adipic acid; (4 and 5) condensate of ethanolamine, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and (10 and 11) the dilaurate ester thereof; (6 and 7) condensate of isopropanolamine and propylene oxide and (12 and 13) the dilaurate ester thereof; (14) glue; (15 and 16) condensate of ethanolamine, ethylene oxide and butylene oxide; (17-21) octadecylamine; (22-26) decylamine and (27-29) hexylamine. Specification 952,352 is referred to.
Patent GB-145595-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to shock absorbing mechanism
IPC: B61G9/10
Filed: 1920-06-29
Abstract: 145,595. National Malleable Castings Co., (Assignees of Schmidt, E. H.). March 8, 1917, [Convention date]. Combined buffer and draw-gear. - In shockabsorbing mechanism of the type comprising a central friction member around which friction shoes are arranged and adapted to be pressed into frictional engagement therewith by wedging means, the shoes and wedges are adapted to assist in the release of the shoes from engagement with the central member when the pressure abates. As shown, the central friction member 2 has radial arms the friction faces of which are held against the friction shoes 3 by wedges 5 and a follower 6 which encircle the member 2. Soft metal pads 7<a> of brass or similar metal are inserted in the wedges and follower, and serve to prevent them from sticking together to the shoes on cessation of shock. The shoes 3 have their rear faces 8 inclined rearwardly from the central member, so that on commencement of the release movement the normal component of the pressure from the follower 6 and the rearmost wedge 5 acts so as to force the heel 9 of each shoe away from the central member. Under compression the pads 7<a> bear squarely on the rear surface of the shoes, but when the compression is abated a gap is left as shown at C, and the direction of releasing pressure is through E, so that the wedges exert a twisting pressure which also assists in releasing the shoes from engagement with the friction member 2. Specification 145,594 is referred to.