Patent GB-189826785-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Automatic Lathes.
Inventor: BROCKIE JAMES
Filed: 1898-12-19
Granted: 1899-03-25
Abstract: 26,785. Brockie, J. Dec. 19. Lathes.-Relates to automatic turret lathes in which the tools carried by the turret or tool-holder E are made to act successively on work held in the revolving mandrel, while laterally-moving tools G<4>, in tool-holders G<3>, serve to cut off the work, or form shoulders which cannot be made by the tools in the turret. The shafts E' and G of the tool-holders E and G<3>, respectively, together with the hollow lathe spindle B, are all mounted in one headstock A as shown in side elevation in Fig. 1. The requisite motions of the tool-holders, and the feeding of the rod or bar from which articles are being turned, are effected automatically by cams on a shaft A'. These cams are not fixed to the shaft A', but are connected to it by clutches which are automatically operated at suitable intervals. One of the clutches is shown in section in Figs. 11 and 12. E<10> is one of the cams loose on the shaft A<1>. E" is a disc fixed to the shaft. A slide E<12> working in the face of the disc E" actuates a bolt E<13> which locks the disc E<11> to a ring E<15> fixed to the cam E'‹. In the locked position, however, the slide E<12> projects from the periphery of the disc E<11>, and at the proper moment a tooth H<6>, Fig. 7, adjustably fixed to a disc H<1> on the shaft H, is arranged to come into contact with it, and force it inwards so as to withdraw the bolt E<13> and disengage the clutch. The bolt E<13>, after being withdrawn, cannot re engage the ring E<15> until the shaft A' has made a complete revolution, and then only if the tooth H<6> is no longer in the way of the slide E<12>. The tool-holders G<3>, Fig. 7, are actuated by a rod G<5> and a crank disc G<7> on the end of the shaft A<1>, as shown in Fig. 7. The crank disc G<7> is connected to the shaft by a clutch G<8> similar to that shown in Figs. 11 and 12, and also arranged to be disengaged by teeth H<6> projecting from a disc H<1> on the shaft H. The clutch G<8>, however, is provided with two slides G<13> connected by racks and pinions so as to move together and allow the clutch to be disengaged at two points in the revolution of the shaft A<1>. The turret-actuating mechanism, as shown in sectional plan in Fig. 5, consists of the cam E<10> engaging a conical roller E<8> on a sleeve E<7> on the shaft E' carrying the turret E. When the turret is in its extreme position towards the right, its locking-bolt is disengaged, and the turret is turned by the tooth E<6> on the cam E'‹ engaging the notched collar E<4>. The hollow mandrel B has an internal split sleeve with a conical end which is made to grip the work by means of a slight longitudinal movement given to it by a cam on the shaft A<1>. A second internal sleeve for feeding a fresh piece of the rod into place is also actuated by a cam on the shaft A'. These cams are connected to the shaft by a clutch similar to that shown in Figs. 11 and 12, and also arranged to be disengaged by teeth H<6> on a disc H' on the shaft H. The arrangement by which the lathe is made to perform a certain sequence of operations is shown in plan to a larger scale in Fig. 14, and in end elevation in Fig. 13. The cam shaft A' is driven by a wormwheel G<9> and a screw on the shaft I. The shaft I is capable of being driven at several different speeds to suit the different tools, and the speed is determined by toothed discs H<1> on the same shaft H that determines the engagement of the clutches on the shaft A' as described above. The shaft H is rotated by means of a ratchet-wheel H<4> and a pawl lever H<3> actuated by a double-pointed cam H<2> on the shaft A<1>. The different speeds are obtained by engaging one of the two pairs of friction-wheels J<3>, J", or by leaving them both disengaged. The shaft J<6> carrying the wheels J<12> is made in segments connected by Oldham couplings J<8>, so that the segments carrying the wheels J" are capable of a small lateral movement to engage them with the wheels J<3>. This lateral movement is governed by teeth on the discs H<1> engaging levers, connected by rods to levers J'‹ which carry the segments of the shaft J<6>. When neither of the pairs of friction-wheels is engaged, the shaft J<6> is driven from the shaft J by spur-wheels J<4>, J<5>. The wheel J<4> is connected to its shaft by a slip clutch, so as to be capable of going faster than the shaft when the friction-wheels are put into gear. The connection between the shaft J<6> and the shaft I may be made in two ways, either directly through the worm-wheel and screw J<19>, in which the wheel is connected to the shaft I by a slip clutch, or through friction-wheels J<16>, J<17>, and screw-wheels J<18> also controlled from the shaft H. The shaft J is driven by a belt from the shaft B<4>, which also drives the mandrel B by spur gearing B<3>, Fig. 1. The teeth H<6> on the discs H<1> can be adjusted so as to make the lathe perform any desired sequence of operations.