baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20020047367-A (KR)
Title: Water pump driving apparatus for detoxifying vehicle
Inventor: PARK YEONG CHAN
IPC: F16H55/52
Filed: 2000-12-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: A water pump driving apparatus of a decontaminant vehicle is provided to operate the vehicle promptly and easily by driving the water pump in decontaminating and preventing power transmission to the water pump in starting or charging a battery without additional operation. CONSTITUTION: A water pump driving device is composed of a drum(17) installed in a water pump driving shaft; a driven pulley(15) connected to the water pump driving shaft for idling, and turned according to driving of an engine; friction pads(19) installed in the driven pulley, and contacted or spaced from the inner periphery of the drum; a centrifugal weight(20) fixed in the lower part of the friction pad; and an elastic member(21) mounted between the centrifugal weight and the driven pulley to space the friction pad from the drum. Water is pumped from a water tank with turning the water pump driving shaft in driving the engine. Starting is performed easily, and energy efficiency is improved by not using a magnetic clutch. The weight and manufacturing process are reduced with simplifying the structure. Productivity is increased with reducing parts with simple circuit structure.
Patent KR-20020046764-A (KR)
Title: Processing method of multi-media message
Inventor: KANG GI JEONG
Filed: 2000-12-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for processing a multimedia message is provided to enable an absentee to check an image message by integrating a voice, a text, a still image, and a moving picture based on a very high speed IP network. CONSTITUTION: The first client terminal(11) transmits image stream data to the second client terminal(12) by a control of a relay server(13). The relay server(13) controls a call as a connection, a transmission, and a termination of the image stream data from the first client terminal(11) to the second client terminal(12). In the case that a call connection is failed caused by an absence of the second client terminal(12), the relay server(13) transmits a call control command to a multimedia messaging server(14). The multimedia messaging server(14) receives a call control command from the relay server(13), receives a multimedia message to be left by the first client terminal(11), and stores the multimedia message in a multimedia messaging database(15). The second client terminal(12) is connected by the relay server(13), receives the image stream data from the first client terminal(11), and receives/checks the received multimedia message from the multimedia messaging database(15). The multimedia message is finally stored in the multimedia messaging database(15). A subscriber DB(16) is connected to the multimedia messaging server(14) and informs user information in accordance with a certification to the multimedia messaging server(14) and the relay server(13).
Patent KR-20020048561-A (KR)
Title: Sense amplifier for reading value of memory cell
Inventor: KIM CHANG HYEON
IPC: G11C7/06
Filed: 2000-12-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: A sense amplifier for reading a memory cell value is provided, which performs a read operation according to a DC voltage state without initializing a timer and is operated under any condition. CONSTITUTION: According to the sense amplifier reading a value of a memory cell, a current source part supplies a constant current and is grounded through the memory cell. An inverter part outputs a low or high voltage by comparing a voltage state of a contact node of the memory cell and the current source part. A level shifting part maintains an output state of the inverter part. And an output part outputs an output signal of a constant state maintained by the level shifting part. The current source part comprises a current source(I) and the first transistor(M21) connecting the current source and the memory cell. The inverter part comprises inverter circuits(M22,M23) whose input ports are connected with the contact point of the current source and the first transistor.
Patent KR-20020049358-A (KR)
Title: Method for Beamforming in Mobile Communication System using Adaptive Array
Inventor: SIM DONG HUI
IPC: H04B7/02
Filed: 2000-12-19
Abstract: PURPOSE: A beam forming method in a mobile communication system using an adaptive antenna array is provided to form an optimum beam reflecting a changing communication channel environment by estimating channel information and a launch angle of a desired signal and also estimating a weight vector to form a beam in an adaptive antenna array system by using the channel information and the launch angle. CONSTITUTION: A frequency down converter(101) converts a received signal to a baseband signal. A low pass filter(102) filters a high frequency band signal among the baseband signal. A despreader(103) multiplies codes(channelization code, scrambling code) agreed by a transmitting terminal and a receiving terminal in order to restore an original data from the codes previously recognized and multiplied in the transmitting terminal. A channel estimator(104) calculates channel information of the signal transmitted from the transmitting terminal. A launch angle estimator(105) estimates a launch angle of the signal received from the channel estimator(104).
Patent KR-20020054135-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE DONG WON
IPC: E02D17/04
Filed: 2000-12-27
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for excavating soft soil is provided to remove sheeting panel easily and to reduce construction cost of sheeting panel. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of setting outline for early pit excavation and minimum required area, excavating earthwall-groove along outline of early pit excavation at constant width and depth, constructing non-timbering and non-wale temporary earthwall by piling up sheeting member(4a) such as filter(3a), gypsum board, and non-woven fabric in turn on the bottom of earthwall, excavating the inner ground of earthwall to the bottom(5d) of earthwall-groove, installing many distributing pipes on the upper filter(3a) excavated, repeating such processes in stepwise method.
Patent KR-20020055119-A (KR)
Title: Image sensor having rectangular spacer and method for forming the same
Inventor: LEE WON HO
IPC: H01L27/146
Filed: 2000-12-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: An image sensor having a quadrangular spacer is provided to prevent a channel length from being reduced and to improve resistance of a dark current, by making the gate electrode spacer of a transfer transistor have a quadrangular spacer. CONSTITUTION: A semiconductor substrate is of the first conductivity type. A gate electrode of the transfer transistor is formed on the semiconductor substrate. The quadrangular spacer is formed on the sidewall of the gate electrode. A light receiving region is formed in the semiconductor substrate at an end of the gate electrode. A sensing region is separated from the light receiving region while the transfer transistor exists between the sensing region and the light receiving region.
Patent KR-20020056454-A (KR)
Title: Composition for prevented rust and scale
Inventor: CHOI DONG JIN
IPC: C02F5/10
Filed: 2000-12-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is an anti-rust/anti-scale agent suitable for use in low pressure boiler(less than 35 kg) into which a cooling water with calcium ion concentration of higher than 1 ppm is introduced. CONSTITUTION: The anti-rust/anti-scale agent comprises 0.1 to 25 wt.% of acrylate copolymer, represented by formula I; organic phosphate 0.1 to 20 wt.%; sodium gluconate 0.1 to 20 wt.%; sodium sulfite 0.1 to 25 wt.%; amine compound 0.1 to 10 wt.%. In the formula I, each l, m and n are an integer of 1 to 1000 respectively; R denote hydrogen, methyl or carboxyl, wherein in case that R is carboxyl group, R react with adjacent carboxyl group to form anhydrous ring; R1 and R8 are identical or different each other and denote hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxy or phosphono group; R2 and R3 are identical or different each other and denote hydrogen or C1-C2 alkyl group; R4 denote hydrogen or C1-C5 alkyl group; R5 denote C1-C8 alkyl or C8-C10 alkyl group; X and Y are identical or different each other and denote C1-C5 alkyl or C1-C5 hydroxy alkyl group; R0 is represented by formula II, III or IV. In the formula III, R6 is hydrogen or C1-C2 alkyl group; R7 is C1-C6 alkyl, C6-C10 alkyl or compound represented by formula V. In the formula V, I is an integer of 1 to 3; R9 denote hydrogen C1-C2 alkyl; R10 denote hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl group. In the formula IV, R12 denote hydrogen or C1-C2 alkyl; R13 and R14 are identical or different each other and denote hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, C6-C8 cyclo alkyl, benzyl or a compound represented by formula V.
Patent KR-20010030851-A (KR)
Title: 스크럽 내성 라텍스
IPC: C09D5/02
Filed: 1998-10-01
Abstract: 본 발명은 산 또는 무수(anhydride) 관능성 및 습윤 접착성을 갖는 단량체로부터 중합된 라텍스 조성물에 대한 것이다.  본 발명의 라텍스 조성물은 제1 단계 중합체 및 제2 단계 중합체를 두 단계에 걸쳐서 중합함으로써 제조되며, 상기 조성물의 습윤 접착성을 향상시키기에 효과적인 단량체는 제1 단계 중합체 또는 제2 단계 중합체에 포함되거나, 혹은 상기 제1 및 2 단계 중합체 모두에 포함된다.
Patent KR-20010024685-A (KR)
Title: 다이아몬드납땜법 및 질화티타늄을 이용하는 폴리싱패드의조정방법 및 장치
IPC: B24B53/007
Filed: 1998-11-20
Abstract: 반도체웨이퍼 등의 가공물을 폴리싱 및 평탄화처리하기 위한 방법 및 장치가 제공된다.  반도체웨이퍼의 평탄화 및 폴리싱처리에서 사용되는 폴리싱패드를 조정하는데 사용되는 컨디셔닝링이 도시되는데, 이는 컨디셔닝링에 접합된 절삭요소의 파손 및 손실을 줄이기 위해 질화티타늄함유 조성물 또는 박막다이아몬드피착물의 코팅과 관련한 납땜다이아몬드법을 이용한다.
Patent KR-20010033633-A (KR)
Title: 반도체 웨이퍼 및 기상성장 장치
IPC: C30B25/14
Filed: 1999-10-28
Abstract: 본 발명의 목적은 저항률이 균일하고 실질적으로 슬립전위가 생기지 않는 반도체 박막을, 지름이 300mm이상이고 비교적 낮은 도펀트 농도를 갖는 반도체 단결정 기판의 주면상에 형성함으로써 얻어진 반도체 웨이퍼, 및 상기 반도체 웨이퍼가 제조될 수 있는 수단에 의한 기상성장 장치를 제공하는 것이다. 
     도펀트 가스는 주 도펀트 가스 배관으로서 기능을 하는 공통 가스배관(22a)으로부터 반응용기(10)의 폭방향에서의 배치된 모든 도입구(18a,18f)를 통하여 반응용기(10)내로 공급된다. 또한 도펀트 가스는 내측도입구(18a,18b), 중간 도입구 (18c,18d)를 통하여, 제 1 및 제 2 부 도펀트 가스 배관(22b,22c)으로부터 반응용기(10)내로 추가로 공급된다.
Patent KR-20010040528-A (KR)
Title: 클램프 링 또는 수축 링과 같은 것의 2개의 스트립 에지를결합하기 위한 장치
IPC: F16B2/08
Filed: 1998-12-09
Abstract: 본 발명은 DE-40 09 259로부터 공지된 2개의 스트립 에지의 결합 장치로부터 출발하여 클램프 링 또는 압축 링의 스트립 에지를 결합하기 위한 개선된 장치를 개시하고 있는데, 그러한 결합 장치는 높은 인장 하중을 견딜 수 있다.  DE-40 09 259로부터 공지된 장치와 대비한다면, 본 발명에 따른 장치는 스트립의 종방향으로 서로 이격되어 다른 스트립 섹션(5) 또는 그 스트립 섹션(5)에 있는 대응 절결부 속에 맞물리는 2개 이상의 섹션 또는 브래킷(23, 25, 27, 29)이 마련된 텅의 형태의 돌출부(21)를 구비한다.
Patent KR-20010040885-A (KR)
Title: 압전 액추에이터
IPC: F02M59/46
Filed: 1999-12-03
Abstract: 압전 소재의 적층된 층들과 그 사이에 위치하는 금속성 또는 전도성인, 전극으로서 이용되는 층들로 이루어진 다층 라미네이트의 형태인 압전 액추에이터 몸체(1)를 가지며, 액추에이터 몸체(1)의 정면들 중 어느 하나가 양호하게 열을 전도하는 액추에이터 베이스(6) 또는 금속성 액추에이터 베이스(6)에 고정되는, 자동차의 내연기관에서 제어 밸브 또는 분사 밸브의 가동을 위한 압전 액추에이터는 하나 이상의 양호하게 열을 전도할 수 있는 히트 싱크(5; 5.1, 5.2)가 액추에이터 몸체(1)의 측면 및 액추에이터 베이스(6)와 양호하게 열전도할 수 있게 연결되어 있는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20010074478-A (KR)
Title: 내연 기관의 배기 매니폴드
IPC: F01N13/00
Filed: 1999-04-09
Abstract: 본 발명은 배기 매니폴드에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명의 배기 매니폴드는, 엔진 실린더 헤드상에 고정되는 플랜지(2)와, 플랜지(2)에 연결되어 실린더 헤드 배기 파이프에 의해 배출되는 배기 가스를 받아 들이는 넓은 배기 가스 수집 공동(3) 및 배기 가스 수집 공동에 연결되고 배기 가스 배출구(49)를 갖는 단부(4)를 구비하고, 상기 배기 가스 수집 공동은 이 공동을 2개의 상호 연통된 소공동으로 분할하는 홈이진 벽 부재를 갖는다.
Patent KR-20010043773-A (KR)
Title: 재순환 레지스터 파일
IPC: G06F9/30
Filed: 1999-03-09
Abstract: 복수의 레지스터를 포함한 레지스터 뱅크를 갖는 부동 소수점부는, 다른 레지스터로부터 일련의 데이터 값에 따라 복수회 지정된 연산을 실행하는 벡터 연산을 지원한다. 이때의 레지스터 뱅크는, 부분 집합으로 분할되고, 부분 집합내에 랩핑하는 벡터 연산 랩핑에서 사용된 일련의 레지스터를 갖는다. 이 부분 집합은, 연속적인 레지스터의 범위를 해체한다. 그 범위내의 랩핑은, 콤팩트 코드를 허용하여, FIR 필터링 및 매트릭스 변형과 같은 DSP 연산을 수행하는데 효율적이다.
Patent KR-20010052832-A (KR)
Title: 자동차용 보디커버 장치
IPC: B60J11/00
Filed: 2000-04-14
Abstract: 차체를 손상입히지 않고, 개조할 필요없이 널리 사용할 수 있는 트렁크 수납형의 자동차용 보디커버 장치를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하며, 이를 위하여 자동차용 보디커버를 감고 풀 수 있도록 구성한 장치본체와, 동 장치본체를 설치한 스탠드부를 구비하고, 상기 스탠드부에 탄성지지부재를 내뻗을 수 있게 설치하며, 동 탄성지지부재에 의해 트렁크 룸의 내벽사이에서 떠받쳐 지지하는 상태로 수납가능하게 하였다.
Patent KR-20020057301-A (KR)
Title: A feeding devices of grouting
Inventor: JUNG EUI WON
IPC: E02D3/12
Filed: 2001-01-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A grouting injector is provided to shorten an injected section to the ground maximally, to prevent solidification of chemicals before washing, to simplify on washing works and to improve work efficiency on injecting chemicals. CONSTITUTION: The grouting injector comprises: a pipe coupling(110) provided with a male screw part(112); a grouting rod(120) provided with a female screw part(122); a connection pipe(130) provides with a hanging projection(131), a cross section(132), a hollow(133) and an extension part(135); a chemical blending pipe(140) provided with a hollow(141), a chemical inflow hole(142), upper and lower closed ring parts(143,144), a chemical exhaust hole(145), a chemical inflow hole(146), a blending passage(147) and a fitting pipe(148); a lower coupling(150) provided with a mixing hollow(152) and a chemical injecting hole(153); a piston rod(160) provided with a head part(161), a water way groove(164), a closed ring(165), a concave part(166) and a fixed ring(167); and a perforated pipe part(170) preventing the piston rod(160) from falling out downward and having a tip part(171).
Patent KR-20020059138-A (KR)
Title: real-time rendering method for noninterpolated volume data
Inventor: KIM TAE YEONG
IPC: G06T17/10
Filed: 2001-01-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A real time rendering method is provided to perform rendering in a rapid and efficient manner without the need of performing a pre-processing for slice interpolation. CONSTITUTION: A real time rendering method comprises a first step(S10) of creating a block unit maximum-minimum table from a series of volume data composed of information at each pre-stored cross section of a structure having predetermined characteristics expressed by a function of a three-dimensional position; a second step(S20) of allowing a user to designate an opacity transfer function and creating a cumulative region table; a third step(S30) of allowing the user to select a view parameter, determining transparency or opacity of each block by comparing value of the block unit maximum-minimum table created in the first step, with the cumulative region table created in the second step, and performing a block unit run-length encoding based on the determination; and a fourth step(S40) of performing a volume rendering by using a modified Shear-Warp factorization.
Patent KR-20020062076-A (KR)
Title: vestigial sideband receive system
Inventor: CHOI IN HWAN
IPC: H04N19/89
Filed: 2001-01-19
Abstract: PURPOSE: A VSB(Vestigial Sideband) receiving system is provided to install a sequence generator predefined in a transmission system, informing of a symbol of additional data and generating a sequence included in the additional data, thereby exactly performing a slier prediction, a decoding process, and a symbol deciding of the additional data. CONSTITUTION: A sequence generator(46) indicates a symbol of additional data, and is predefined while coding the data in a transmission system, then generates a sequence included in the symbol of the additional data. An MPEG data processor(100) processes MPEG data received from the transmission system, in reverse order of processing the MPEG data in the transmission system by using the sequence. A demultiplexer(56) demultiplexes the data outputted from the MPEG data processor, and separates the data into an MPEG data segment and an additional data segment. An additional data processor(200) processes the additional data segment outputted from the demultiplexer in reverse order of processing the additional data in the transmission system, and restores the data to the original additional data.
Patent KR-20010087186-A (KR)
Title: Liquid crystal display device having stabilized pixel electrode potentials
Inventor: ASHIZAWA KEIICHIRO
IPC: G09G3/20
Filed: 2001-02-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: To stabilize the potential of pixel electrodes, regardless of a signal delay quantity in gate signal lines, etc. CONSTITUTION: Pixels are formed between the own-stage gate signal lines and the post stage gate signal lined on the surface on the liquid crystal side of one substrate of respective substrates, arranged to face each other via liquid crystals. The video information from the drain signal lines are written to the pixels via switching elements driven by supply of the scanning signals from the own-stage gate signal lines. The rise of the scanning signals of the post-stage gate signal lines is performed simultaneously with the fall of the scanning signals of the own-stage gate signal lines at the end of writing, and the jumping voltage to the pixels are offset by the respective signals.
Patent KR-20020046893-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO NAM DEOK
IPC: C02F3/06
Filed: 2001-02-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: A sewage and wastewater treatment system, which can be easily employed without special knowledge, is provided to simplify the system by removing organic matter and nitrogen using biofilter in one reactor. CONSTITUTION: The sewage and wastewater treatment system comprises: an inlet pipe(1); a reactor(2); a first layer(11) which has a vertical biofilter(5b) and a horizontal biofilter(5a) made with rock wool inside of the reactor; microorganism media(6) for dispersion/aeration which are arranged under the first layer; a second layer(12) which has a vertical biofilter and a horizontal biofilter like the first layer; an air inlet pipe(3) and an air discharge pipe(4) at the side of the second layer; a third layer(13) which has a same structure with first and second layers; a water collecting equipment(7) which is installed under the third layer; an outlet pipe(8) which is installed at the side of the water collecting equipment; a recycle pipe(9) which supplies disposed water to the reactor.
Patent KR-20010044447-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE KWANG SU
IPC: B60R1/06
Filed: 2001-02-21
Abstract: PURPOSE: A front mirror is fixed on the central front side of an engine hood to dissolve blind area without distracting a driver. CONSTITUTION: Two convex mirrors(1) of bidirectional reflector structure engaged to be perpendicular to each other are fixed on the front middle upper end of an engine hood to secure visual field of a driver for both sides. An angle adjusting device is added to change the reflecting range of the reflector to enable the driver to check rear sides of a car. The reflector can replace usual emblem on the engine hood. Cameras can be added to or replace the reflector. A connecting part(5) is flexible to compensate difference of visual field between drivers.
Patent KR-20020068680-A (KR)
Title: method and apparatus for removing a steel wire cable from an anchor for preventing side wall collapse
Inventor: SHIN JONG DUCK
IPC: E04C5/12
Filed: 2001-02-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: The side wall anti-collapse anchor steel wire removal method is provided to recycle resources and to protect environment by removing a steel wire cable easily after construction. CONSTITUTION: The side wall anti-collapse anchor steel wire removal method comprises the steps of: forming a grouting hole on a side wall(4); interposing a covered steel wire(10) together with a head anchorage into the grouting hole and grouting with concrete; tensioning a steel wire cable(10') of the covered steel wire(10) against an anchor head to prevent the collapse of the side wall(4); and cutting the steel wire cable(10') of the anchor head to remove the tensile force of the steel wire cable(10'), then rotating the steel wire cable(10') in the twisted direction to separate a split wedge(30) from a compressed face(22a) of a head compulsively.
Patent KR-20010087240-A (KR)
Title: Show case
Inventor: MATSUDA AKIRA
IPC: A47F3/00
Filed: 2001-02-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A display case is provided to simplify the structure of a location restricting device, and to facilitate the positioning of a door to a closing location in a display case in which the door made of glass or the like arranged in the opening part of a case main body is opened and closed. CONSTITUTION: The display case comprises an elongate guide member(25) at both upper and lower ends of a door(3), and the guide member is supported by a support roller(24) installed on a support frame(9). The support frame is installed on a case body to be moved backward and forward, and a fan-shaped second coupling member(34) is rotatable installed on the support frame by using a pin(35). An elastic plate(37) is used to keep the posture of the second coupling member. When the door is closed, a first coupling member(33) installed on the guide member is fitted into a coupling groove(36) of the second coupling member, and at the same time, the position of the second coupling member is able to be continuously maintained.
Patent KR-20010044579-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM HYUN KIL
IPC: G06F17/00
Filed: 2001-03-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A system for managing children's computer usage using the internet is provided to restrict children to use computer excessively and protect children from being exposed to harmful information. CONSTITUTION: A children client has a management application program that is impossible to delete and stop, supplied by service supplier and executed automatically when power source is turned on and a data base storing various information file of picture monitored by the application program. A server system has a main control application program executed by the management application program and a background demon and a web server supplying a homepage, receives parent's member information, various basic environment setting information of the children client, monitored file information of the children client and update information for manager and stores the information in a data base part. A parent client has a web browser to connect the parent client to the server system, manages children's computer from remote place by performing various basic environment setting and change of the setting and receives data monitored and recorded from remote place.
Patent KR-20020074997-A (KR)
Title: Flip chip type semiconductor device having probing pads and bump pads and fabrication method thereof
Inventor: CHO GANG SIK
IPC: H01L23/525
Filed: 2001-03-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A flip-chip type semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to reduce the parasitic capacitance and the parasitic resistance by electrically disconnecting a probing pad from a bump pad. CONSTITUTION: The flip-chip type semiconductor device comprises a plurality of probing pads(17p) formed at edge portions of a chip region(10) of a semiconductor substrate, a plurality of bump pads(17b) formed irregularly on the chip region(10), and fuses(15f') formed between each probing pad and each bump pad. The end points of the fuses(15f') are electrically connected to the probing pad(17p) and the bump pad(17b). Also, the fuse(15f') is to be cut. The spaced distance between the fuse and the bump pad is shorter than that of the fuse and the probing pad.
Patent KR-20010095191-A (KR)
Title: Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase and gene encoding the same
Inventor: HONMA TSUTOMU
IPC: C12N1/21
Filed: 2001-03-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: To produce a polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA) synthase useful in the PHA production technology, to provide the corresponding gene encoding the PHA synthase, to provide a recombinant vector containing the above gene, to provide a transformant transformed by the above vector, to provide a method for producing the PHA synthase by making use of the above transformant, and to provide a method for producing the corresponding PHA by making use of the above transformant. CONSTITUTION: This PHA synthase or the corresponding PHA is produced by transferring a PHA synthase gene obtained from Pseudomonas putida P91 strain into a host microorganism to afford a transformant which is then cultured.
Patent KR-20010074178-A (KR)
Inventor: HA SUNG JUN
IPC: H04B1/38
Filed: 2001-04-04
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus for automatically opening a cover of a cellular phone is provided to push the cover of the cellular phone and automatically open the cover. CONSTITUTION: Portions(a,b) are formed as male holes and portions(c,d) are formed as female holes. In the portions(a,b), an upper portion is sloped and a lower portion is bridged at a groove for easily being pushed. If a user pushes the portions(a,b) once, the portions(a,b) are inserted into the portions(c,d). If the user pushes the portions(a,b) once again, the portions(a,b) are extracted from the portions(c,d).