Patent GB-195180-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in calorimeters
IPC: G01N25/42
Filed: 1922-01-03
Abstract: 195,180. Secretary of the Board of Trade, and Boys, C. V. Jan. 3, 1922. Addition to 180,080. Calorimeters; thermometers, - Tha improvments or modifications applied to the recording and integrating gas calorimeter described in the parent Specification comprise (1) a construction of heat-interchanger for transferring the heat of combustion to the flowing water, (2) a construction of the liquid-filled operative thermometers (3) an improved form of lever device for operating the recording-means, and (4) means for regulating the relative humidity of the air supplied for combustion. The water entering by the pipe C<1> passes through the cold water thermometer vessel C, and thence by the pipe C7 to the combustion chamber passing up through the interchanger B and over the hot thermometer T5 to leave by the pipe C27. The interchanger B is made of sheet metal, preferably lead autogenously soldered, or folded backwards and forwards radially to provide passages B4 for the water and passages B7 for the products of combustion, the inner folds being in contact, or nearly so. At their lower ends B8 the folds are pinched and soldered together, and the interchanger is driven into the ring C9 to which it is soldered. At the upper end the folds are cut off at an angle, pinched together, and soldered. The upper end of the interchanger carries a flat dome S of fused silica or other incorrodible material above which is a metal dome B12 soldered to the interchanger. The water having passed through the interchanger enters the vessel C, by way of a hole B15 and a number of holes B16. The hotwater thermometer T5 is identical in form and capacity with the cold-water thermometer and comprises a length of tube T, provided at one end, or at each end with a corrugated aneroid disc B17. A support B19 soldered to the lower end rests in a recess B20 whilst the upper end carries a filling spigot B21 containing a valve B22 for sealing the expansible liquid into the thermometer, the liquid being preferably amyl-alcohol as described in the parent Specification. The thermometers carry caps B24 provided with axial points B25, B26 bearing on the ends of the short arms of multiplying levers B27, B28 pivoted at B31 on pillars B29 attached to the lid B30 of the compartment C5. The two levers have the same magnification and the short arm of the lever B27 which presses downwardly on its point B25 is held in contact therewith by a spring B32. The outer ends of the levers terminate in the same transverse plane and engage in notches D1, D2, Fig. 3, constituting the ends of the short arm of a bell-crank lever D, the lower end D, of which is connected by an arm D5 to an arm D6 outstanding from the axis of the integrator lantern I3. The length of the short arm of the lever can be adjusted by a screw D,. In the integrating-device, the wheel I. is mounted on a pivoted frame J1 carried on cantilevers J2 attached to the lantern I3 and partly counterbalanced by the weight J3, the weight of the integrator frame being taken by the pivot I5 resting on the screw J,. The means for regulating the humidity of the air for combustion are as follows. The air all passes down a passage, A in the cold water compartment through an aperture B2, and allong a passage C20. The cold water compartment is provided with two further apertures A2, A4 communicating respectively with the atmosphere and with a humidifyer A3, Fig. 5, which is of L-form and arranged below the calorimeter as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. Air enters this saturator at the end A13 into which the warm water from the calorimeter enters by the pipe C27 leaving by the pipe A14. Cold water enters by the pipe A15 at the other end of the box, passes over the leg A17 along which the air passes to the aperture A4, and leaves by the pipe A14. The air thus passes first over warm and then over cold water so that it is saturated at the temperature of the cold water. The relative quantities of air entering by the apertures A2. A, are controlled by valves A5, A, carried by a pivoted arm A, which is controlled by a hygrometric string A, the lower end of which is secured to a spindle A10 having a knurled adjusting-head A11. The air for combustion can thus be maintained at any desired degree of saturation, not less than that of the atmosphere.