baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-354887-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to processes of coating metals
IPC: C23C10/38
Filed: 1930-05-27
Abstract: A metal, e.g. iron, molybdenum, or tungsten, is given a protective coating consisting mainly of chromium by heating it in the atmosphere of an ordinary electric furnace with a mixture of chromium powder and granular zinc to a temperature sufficiently high to volatilize the zinc, e.g. 900 DEG  C.  The mixture may contain from 5 to 20 per cent by weight of zinc.  A small percentage, e.g. 5 per cent, of aluminium may be added to the mixture.  A mixture referred to for coating iron contains 10 per cent of zinc, 5 per cent of aluminium, 42,5 per cent of iron-free chromium and 42,5 per cent of iron-bearing chromium having an iron content of about 3 per cent.  The zinc vapour surrounds the foundation metal and prevents oxidation.  Specification 159,102, [Class 72, Iron &c.], is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes the coating of iron with aluminium by heating it in a tube with a mixture of aluminium, zinc oxide and aluminium oxide or in a revolving retort with a mixture of aluminium, zinc and aluminium oxide, the temperature being raised to about 1000 DEG  C. and the mixture being surrounded with a hydrogen atmosphere.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-958527-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sulphonium salts
Inventor: BAIRD WILLIAM
IPC: C07C381/12
Filed: 1961-05-05
Abstract: b -hydroxy alkyl sulphonium salts having the general formula: <FORM:0958527/C2/1> wherein R1 is a hydroxyalkyl group of the formula -CHR4-CHR5OH, R4 and R5 may be the same or different and are H or alkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 may be the same or different and are as hereinafter defined and X is the anion of a water soluble acid are prepared by reacting a sulphide R2-S-R3 with an alkylene oxide in the presence of an aqueous acid HX, for example, formic, acetic, carbonic or sulphuric acid or an acid salt of a polybasic acid e.g. sodium hydrogen, sulphate.  In the above formula, R2 and R3 represent C1-22 alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alicyclic or heterocyclic groups which may be substituted for example by: hydroxyl, carboxyl, ether, ester, mercapto, thioether, keto, cyano, sulphonic acid or sulphuric ester groups.  The term "aryl" denotes a group derived from the benzene or naphthalene series. The reaction is preferably carried out using 2-4 molar equivalents of water per mole of sulphide and a stoichiometric equivalent of the acid HX. Temperatures of -20 DEG  to 120 DEG C. may be used.  A solvent for the sulphide may be present.  Examples describe the preparation (1) tri-(b -hydroxyethyl) sulphonium chloride by passing ethylene oxide into a mixture of thiodiglycol and aqueous acetic acid, aqueous sulphuric acid, or aqueous carbonic acid to form the corresponding acetate, sulphate or carbonate respectively, and subsequently adding hydrochloric acid; (2) di-(b -hydroxyethyl) b -hydroxypropyl sulphonium sulphate by passing propylene oxide into a mixture of thiodiglycol and aqueous sulphuric acid; (3) tri-(b -hydroxypropyl) sulphonium sulphate is similarly prepared from bis (b -hydroxypropyl) sulphide and propylene oxide; and (4) bis (b -hydroxyethyl) b -hydroxy-propyl sulphonium acetate is prepared by passing propylene oxide into a mixture of thiodiglycol and aqueous sulphuric acid.
Patent GB-240912-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to magnetic brakes
IPC: B61H7/08
Filed: 1924-07-08
Abstract: 240,912. Chopra, N. D., and Bullen, F. J. July 8, 1924. Electromagnets.-In brakes of the kind in which a magnet acts upon a moving surface, the magnet is provided with a wearing member or members of relatively soft material compared with that of the pole-pieces, whereby chattering and wear of the pole-pieces is avoided. A material, for example phosphorbronze, having the same co-efficient of thermal expansion as that of the magnet steel is preferably used. Fig. 1 shows a skid brake shoe for engagement with a rail 3 in which blocks 2 of bronze or other material are dovetailed into the polepieces 1 and project slightly therefrom. Fig. 8 shows strips 2 of wearing material disposed between and on either side of the pole-pieces 1. As shown in Fig. 12, the wearing material 2 is in the form of a block surrounding both pole-pieces and is provided with holes into which parts 10 of the pole-pieces extend. The wearing material-may be spring-mounted so as to yield with respect to the magnet proper when the brake or the like is applied. Fig. 16 shows such an arrangement in which also the material is adapted to collect current from the rail. The strip 2 of bronze, copper &c. is adapted to yield against springs 6 bearing in sockets formed in the strip and abutting also against stops 8 on the magnet, the holes for the rivets 4 being elongated to allow of the movement. Insulating strips and cups 11, 13 and bushes around the rivets serve to insulate the strip 2 from which a conductor is led. As shown in Fig. 18, the wearing material 2 is in the form of a number of short U-shaped strips extending through holes in the pole-pieces, insulated by strips 16 and each adapted to yield against a spring 15. Additional pieces of soft material may be fixed to the pole shoes so as to come into contact with the rail to increase the frictional action after a preliminary depression of the collecting pieces when the device is magnetized to act as a brake. White metal, fabrics containing asbestos. wire and the like, also wires or cords woven or twisted to provide a resilient mass are mentioned in addition to copper and bronze as suitable wearing materials. The Provisional Specification is not restricted to skid brakes and states that the wearing material may be flush with the pole faces.
Patent GB-221175-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to telephone systems
IPC: H04Q3/42
Filed: 1923-05-31
Abstract: 221,175. Automatic Telephone Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Mercer, R., and Tench, F. May 31, 1923. Drawings to Specification. Semi-automatic exchange systems.-In a system in which calls from a manual exchange are set up over automatic switches by operators at a tandem exchange by means of keyboard-controlled impulse senders accessible in common to a number of operators over selecting switches, when the full number of digits, for example seven, have been stored, a start relay which initiates the transmission of impulses is energized over the selecting switch and the 8th contact of a switch which connects up the registers in turn. If the wanted number comprises less than seven digits, a start key must be pressed. After seven sets of impulses have been transmitted, the 8th contact of the register-controlling switch is employed to send a further set to indicate in the case of a call going to a call-indicator position that the call has come from a tandem exchange. The system is identical with the second arrangement described in Specification 220.405. Specifications 175,260, 192,036, and 219,079 also are referred to.
Patent GB-853287-A (GB)
Title: Heater and burner therefor
IPC: F24C1/08
Filed: 1957-05-23
Abstract: 853,287. Heaters ; reflector stoves. EDDY, G. D. May 23, 1957 [June 5, 1956], No. 16427/57. Classes 75(1) and 126. A heater, e.g. a radiant heater, has the wall of the heat exchanger or radiant 24 in alignment with the outer wall 54, Fig. 2, of the fuel chamber of an annular burner 26 having a burner port 40 formed by the inner and outer side walls 36, 38 of the fuel chamber so that the flame is propogated along the heat-exchanger wall to impart all the useful heat to the secondary air being admitted solely through the central passage formed in the annular burner. The radiant comprises a cylinder 28 of wire mesh with a sheet metal cap 30 having a vent 31 and also with an eyelet 34 to enable the flame to intercommunicate on each side of the wall and facilitate igniting the burner by applying e.g. a lighted match to one side only of the wall. In a modification, Fig. 4, an unrestricted passageway 84 exists between the wall 28 and the burner port 40 for the admission of additional air &c. to the combustion zone so that the flame from the fuel issuing from the port 40 flows along and entirely adjacent the wall 28. To avoid flashback undulating ribbons of this sheet metal may be inserted between the annular walls of the port 40 and an intermediate thin sheet metal ribbon. In another embodiment, the heat exchanger wall comprises an impervious metal or ceramic material and is suitable for convection heating rather than radiation heating. The heater may be used with a reflector.
Patent GB-594187-A (GB)
Title: Couplings for tubes
IPC: E04B1/58
Filed: 1945-06-27
Abstract: 594,187. Tube couplings. FARO. R. H. June 27, 1945, No. 16444. [Class 99 (i)] A coupling member for tubes, Fig. 1, as shown here for use with a compound tube 31, 32, with a central cube section 1 supplied with circular spigots 2 is made in two halves and has holes 4 formed by two grooves on the flat faces of the spigots so that when the spigot 2 is entered into the tube 31 and a taper pin 6 driven through the holes 4 and 5 the spigots expand and securely grip the tube. In an embodiment, Fig. 2, the body with axially extending spigots 2 has its central portion 1 enclosed by the complementary members 7 supplied with half spigots 8 which extend, and therefore allow tubes to be coupled, in a plane at right angles to the plane of the spigots 2. In an embodiment for coupling tubes in alignment, a straight split spigot is inserted in the tube ends and expanded as above. A central body part with holes therethrough may be used in connection with the latter embodiment. A. multi-sided central body having spigots extending from each side in the same plane may be used as shown in Fig. 1 or 2.
Patent GB-704896-A (GB)
Title: Process for treating wool
IPC: D06M15/423
Filed: 1951-07-11
Abstract: Wool is rendered felt- and shrink-proof by treatment with an aqueous solution containing chlorine, hypochlorous acid or a salt thereof in the presence of a water-soluble alkyl ether of dimethylol urea, e.g., the dimethyl or di-ethyl ether.  Examples are given in which the treated wool is subsequently dechlorinated with sodium bisulphite.
Patent GB-514589-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to beer and like pump casings
IPC: F04B9/14
Filed: 1938-06-02
Abstract: 514,589. Wall coverings. GASKELL & CHAMBERS, Ltd., and WEIGHTMAN, J. S. June 2, 1938, No. 16482. [Class 20 (iv)] [Also in Groups XVIII and XIV] The splash panel 19 of a beer-pump casing 12 or the like, is removably retained in position by one or more dowel-pins 21 at one longitudinal edge and a spring-ball or like fastening 18 at the other edge, whereby the panel may be removed without tools. The panel comprises a metal sheet secured, as by soldering, to a cast frame or grid 20.
Patent GB-1399671-A (GB)
Title: Alpha-pyrone derivatives the preparation and use thereof
IPC: C07D309/36
Filed: 1973-04-06
Abstract: 1399671 Plant growth regulants NIPPON SODA CO Ltd 6 April 1973 [11 April 1972 18 July 1972 (2) 19 July 1972 (3)] 16534/73 Heading C1B [Also in Division C2] Compounds of Formula III where X is H or Br, A is a carbonyl or sulphonyl group, R is an alkyl or alkenyl group of not more than 6 carbon atoms, and R 1  is an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy group of not more than 6 carbon atoms, a halomethyl, cyclopropyl or phenoxy group, a phenyl group with 0, 1 or 2 substituents selected from methyl, methoxy, nitro and halide, or a phenoxymethyl group with 0, 1 or 2 substituents selected from halogen and methyl (see Division C2), are used as regulators of plant growth. They may be applied to plant soil in compositions with liquid or solid carriers. Uses include retarding the growth and inhibiting flowering of lawn grass, inhibiting the growth of buds in broad leaf crops, preventing sucker growth of tobacco or chrysanthemum and preventing useless leaf growth of fruit trees or beans.
Patent GB-557676-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fastener devices
IPC: F16B5/10
Filed: 1942-11-23
Abstract: 557,676. Fastenings. UNITED-CARR FASTENER CORPORATION. Nov. 23, 1942, No. 16538. Convention date, Nov. 26, 1941. [Class 44] A stud and socket fastening comprises a base 1 fixed to one of the parts 3 to be fastened and provided with a raised part 13 forming the socket and having a central hole with extension. 15 for the passage of the stud 29 with cross pin 31. Integral with the socket is a spring member 20 with inturned parts 22 engaging the cross pin to hold it in the fastening position on flat portions 18 of the socket. The parts 18 lie between downwardly inclined surfaces 16 on the socket, which raise the stud, and upwardly directed lugs 17 which stop the pin during rotation of the stud to fastening position. A downwardly-directed projection on one of the parts 22 also acts as a stop for the pin. Each part 22 has a downwardlydirected extension 26 which, during rotation of the stud to release position, cams the pin 31 downwards through the hole in the socket. In another form for an angle position of the fastening, only one part 22 is used
Patent GB-1396825-A (GB)
Title: Seed-oyster collectors and process for their manufacture
IPC: A01K61/54
Filed: 1973-04-06
Abstract: 1396825 Oyster culture L N HALAUNBRENNER 6 April 1973 [7 April 1972] 16583/ 73 Heading A1A A seed-oyster collector of plastics material has on at least a portion of its surface, rigidly adhering substantially uniformly distributed metallic or mineral particles. The collector is produced by softening the surface of the plastics material using a suitable solvent, placing it in contact with a powder of metallic or mineral particles so that the particles are deposited on the surface, and evaporating the solvent.
Patent GB-239007-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with tuning coils used in wireless telegraphy and telephony
IPC: H01F21/12
Filed: 1924-07-10
Abstract: 239,007. Turner, G. July 10, 1924. Receiving sets, construction of.-Basket tun. ing coils are provided with one or more contacts movable to contact with the turns of the wire to vary the number of turns in circuit. The contact may comprise an enlarged head 7 of a brass or other metal plunger 6 radially reciprocated in a space 3<a> left within the coil 3 by a spoke of the former, the head contacting with the inside of the turns on one side of the coil. The plunger 6 slides in a slotted insulating tube 5 inserted in the space 3<a> and is connected in circuit through a metal bush 9. The tuning coil may be permanently mounted on a panel, which may comprise an insulating box 14 closed by a disc 17 and bolt 18 and havin a central boss 15 recessed to receive the end of the tube 5. One end of the coil 3 and the slider 7, through the bush 9 in the rim of the box, are connected in circuit with aerial, earth and telephone terminals 20, 22, and a crystal 23.
Patent GB-1023496-A (GB)
Title: Packed columns having a small diameter for gas chromatography
IPC: G01N30/38
Filed: 1963-04-26
Abstract: The partitioning material in a gas chromatography column has a dimension greater than 1/5 of the inner diameter e.g. 1 mm. or less, of the column.  The total solid volume of the particles may be less than 55% of the inner volume of the tube and the particles may be coated with a partitioning liquid whilst the particles themselves may act as the sorbing material.  The particles may be packed in the column to form alternate zones of packed and unpacked column by loosely packing a tubular column having an inner diameter in excess of the inner diameter of the ultimate column, with granular partitioning material and drawing the column down to the desired size.  The particles for packing such a column may have a diameter greater than 1/5 of the diameter of the ultimate column.  A rod may be placed in the tube before packing and withdrawn prior to the reduction in size thereof thus causing the alternate packed and unpacked zones to be formed.  The partitioning material may be Al2O3, whilst the tube may be made of glass, metal e.g. Cu, Al or stainless steel, or plastic.  In the drawing out of glass columns, partitioning particles may be imbedded in the walls of the column.  Suitable carrier gases are Ar, N2, CO2, H2 or air.  In a specific embodiment a mixture of CH4, C2H6, C2H4, C3H8, C3H6, iC4H10 and nC4H10 are completely separated 90  DEG C. using H2 at 2 atm. as the carrier gas on a column of 2M length, ,25 mm. internal diameter, packed with particles ranging from 1/3 -\ba1/2 diameter of the column.
Patent GB-586130-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of soap-thickened petroleum distillate compositions
IPC: C10L7/02
Filed: 1943-10-11
Abstract: Soap-thickened petroleum distillate compositions are manufactured by a continuous process in which a solution of a saponifiable material in the petroleum distillate and a suspension of a saponifying agent in the petroleum distillate are prepared, heated to the temperature necessary for saponification and then mixed together in a high-speed mixer of the Lancaster disperser type so that saponification takes place.  The petroleum distillate may be gasoline, kerosene, gas oil or lubricating oil while saponifying agents mentioned are the hydroxides of calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, aluminium, lead, lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium and the oxides of calcium and magnesium.  The saponifiable materials may be beef stearin, mutton tallow, hog fat, lard oil, neat's foot oil, soya bean oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, hydrogenated fish oils, degras, rosin, oleic acid, stearic acid, tallow fatty acids, degras fatty acids, cottonseed oil fatty acids, hydrogenated fish oil fatty acids, synthetic fatty acids produced by the oxidation of paraffin wax, or naphthenic acids.  The soap-thickened compositions may contain additional ingredients such as oil soluble thickeners, for example, polyisobutylene, polymethacrylate esters or polyvinyl butyl ether, organic swelling agents, for example rubber or synthetic substitutes therefor, amine, phenolic or amino phenolic oxidation inhibitors, water, degras, degras alcohol, saturated or unsaturated alcohols of more than 3 carbon atoms, glycerine, glycols, polyglycol, glycol ethers, dyes, pigments, extreme pressure lubricating agents and amine or Schiff's base metal deactivators.  Where the additional ingredients are soluble they may be dissolved in the petroleum distillate used in dissolving the saponifiable material or dispersing the saponifying agent. The soap-thickened composition may be diluted with petroleum distillate after its preparation and the actual saponification may be carried out under increased or reduced pressure.  In examples (1) a lubricating grease is prepared by saponifying hydrogenated fish oil fatty acids, dissolved in mineral lubricating oil containing zinc naphthenate and polybutene thickener, with a suspension of hydrated lime in mineral lubricating oil containing phenyl alpha naphthylamine and (2) a solidified fuel is prepared by saponifying a mixture of hydrogenated fish oil fatty acids and rosin oil, dissolved in gasoline, with a dispersion of sodium hydroxide in gasoline.  Specifications 550,429 and 582,717 are referred to.
Patent GB-125883-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the Admission of Steam to Internal Combustion Engines.
Inventor: GILKES ERNEST BROUGHTON
IPC: F02B47/02
Filed: 1918-10-12
Abstract: 125,883. Gilkes, E. B., and Marshall, F. G. Oct. 12, 1918. Spray carburettors; heating charge. - Moist air is heated and admitted to the air admission pipe of a carburettor or is admitted unheated to the induction pipe between the carburettor and vaporizer when the latter is employed. Air entering the pipe M through the lantern valve B receives water in drops from the pipe C, is then heated in a coil in the exhaust pipe and passes to the air admission end of the carburettor K. The water cock D is worked by the throttle valve lever, the air valve B being adjusted independently.
Patent GB-121717-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Shuttering for use in Building Concrete Work.
Inventor: HODKIN HERBERT HENRY
IPC: E04G11/30
Filed: 1918-10-16
Abstract: 121,717. Hodkin, H. H. Oct. 16, 1918. Casting and moulding in situ.-In building concrete work, shuttering, of the kind which can be turned about its top edges into a position to receive a further concrete charge superimposed on the first, comprises parallel shutters a having metal bars c forming their upper and lower edges, the shutters being held in position by wires d having looped portions passing through the shutters and around the bars as shown; the looped portions of the lower wires are severed when the concrete has set, thus allowing the shutters to be turned upwards. The free end d', d<2> may be twisted together. The shutters may have wood or composition centres encased in galvanized metal sheeting, or solid plates of metal or other substance with upper and lower rounded edges may be used.
Patent GB-205536-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gramophones and other similar sound producing apparatus
IPC: G10K13/00
Filed: 1922-06-19
Abstract: 205,536. Byne, L. St. G., and Wethered, 0. S. June 19, 1922. Cases and stands.- The casing of a gramophone or the like is open at the bottom and is supported so that it can vibrate freely and so act as a resonator. In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the openended casing A is supported internally at its corners by four legs D fitting into sockets A<4>. A collar A' inside the casing has a depending bracket A<3> which supports a horn B<2>, the horn passing freely through an aperture in one of the walls of the casing. A hinged flap B<3>, operable by a spindle with an external handle, is provided on the horn, and is adapted to close to a greater or less extent an aperture in the horn communicating with the inside of the resonating casing. The mouth of the horn has slots B<4> arranged therein, the usual hinged doors being provided to close the openings as desired. The winding-spindle of the motor, not shown, passes through one of the walls of the casing A without contact therewith. Fig. 4 shows a modification in which the casing A issupported by trunnions A<5> on an external framework G - - G<3>. The winding-handle C<2>, or, when an electric driving-motor is used, the leads therefor pass through one of the trunnions. In a further modification, the casing is supported by an internal pillar having radiating arms pivotally engaging the corners at the top of the casing. An ordinary table gramophone may be mounted" at the upper end of the casing.
Patent GB-416299-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to filter papers
IPC: A47J31/08
Filed: 1933-12-11
Abstract: 416,299. Filtering-media. BENTZ, H. W., and MELITTA-WERKE AKT.-GES., 10, Blumenstrasse, Minden, Westphalia, Germany. Dec. 11, 1933, No. 17039/34. Divided out of 415,929 and addition to 400,077 and 415,929. [Class 46.] Filter papers are stamped or creased ready for folding into the correct shape for use in filters as described in the parent Specifications. As shown in Fig. 1 the paper may be given an annular impression h with impressions i radiating therefrom. The paper shown in Fig. 2 is in the form of a semi-circle l with a sector-shaped addition m of smaller diameter and is given creases p, o<1> ... When the paper is folded into a cone-shaped cup the part m wraps round and strengthens the lower part of the cup, which is turned up at the centre.