Patent GB-190428450-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Elastic Fluid Turbines.
Inventor: WILKINSON JAMES
Filed: 1904-12-27
Granted: 1905-04-13
Abstract: 28,450. Wilkinson, J. March 4, [date applied for under Patents Act, A.D. 1901]. Steam &c. turbines.-In a multiple-expansion, fluid-pressure turbine, the supply of steam is controlled, to maintain a constant speed, by fluid-actuated valves subjected to exhaust or pressure by an ejector nozzle moved by a governor. Fig. 1 is a radial sectional elevation of part of a turbine, and Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on a circular line round the turbine head. A controller nozzle 66, having a keyhole perforation, as shown in plan in Fig. 4, is moved longitudinally in a cylinder 64 by the governor, and controls a stream of governing-fluid which at fall load is discharged through a passage 73 and a nozzle 81 on to the turbine wheel 16. The upper end of the passage 73 is enlarged, so that an ejector action is produced, which, through passages 74, 82, exhausts the spaces above the diaphragms 43. The spaces beneath these diaphragms communicate by passages 83 with the annular steam passage 8 in the turbine head, so that the diaphragms are raised, and valves 46 attached to the diaphragms are raised and close passages 44 leading to chambers 37. The steam pressure acting on a piston 32 attached to each admission valve 61 raises the valve and allows steam to pass through passages 12 to the turbine wheel. The ejector action of the steam passing through the tapering orifice 11 exhausts the space above the piston 32 through a passage 63 passing through the valve 61, the piston 32, an extension 38, passage 36, chamber 37, and passage 49 ; at the same time, the stage valves 58 are opened by exhaustion from the backs of the pistons 56 through passages 55, 51, 50. The valves 58 may be assisted by springs. When the speed increases, the governer moves the controller 66 to the right, so that steam is forced into one or more passages 74, and, neutralizing the pressure beneath the corresponding diaphragms 43, 'allows a spring to lower the valve 45, open the passage 44, and close the passage 36. Steam then flows into the chamber 37 and along the passage 49 to the space above the piston 32, and closes the valve 61 if the prolongation 38 is of smaller diameter than the valve stem, or otherwise the steam pressure is assisted by a spring. At the same time, steam is admitted to the back of the piston 56 of the corresponding stage valve, and closes this valve. When the turbine is running unloaded, all the valves 61, 58 are closed, and the turbine is driven by the stream of controlling-fluid discharged through the passage 73. The chambers containing the turbine wheels are formed by diaphragms 2, each having a flanged shoulder 3 perforated by seatings for the valves 58 and supporting a steam coil 25 for evaporating the water of condensation collected between laminµ 27. Another heating-coil 26 rests on the diaphragm, and the bead is formed with a jacket 7. The nozzles 12 are formed in a ring 13 secured to the underside of the head, and are divided into any number of parts by plates 14. The nozzles 19 are similarly formed in a ring 20, and are divided by plates 22, which are of uniform thickness at their ends where they are inserted in grooves and taper in the middle. The upper ends 23 may be bent as shown.