baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20090054345-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JIN HWAN
IPC: C08J5/22
Filed: 2007-11-26
Abstract: 본 발명은 전도성 고분자 용액 조성물을 이용한 고분자 막에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 폴리티오펜계 전도성 고분자 수용액, 알콜계 유기용매, 아마이드계 유기용매 또는 비양자성 고극성 용매, 멜라민 수지 및 폴리에스터계, 폴리우레탄계 수지 및 알콕시 실란 중에서 선택된 결합제를 일정 성분비로 혼합한 폴리티오펜계 전도성 고분자 조성물로, 이를 이용하여 제조된 막은 1000 ~ 3000 Ω/㎡ 의 고전도성, 투과도가 95% 이상의 고투명성을 유지하면서 강한 내습성과 내구성을 지니게 됨은 물론 휘도 80 cd/m 2  이상으로 무기 전계발광소자(EL) 전극용 필름 또는 디스플레이 전극용 필름으로 적용 가능한 폴리티오펜계 전도성 고분자 조성물을 이용한 고분자막에 관한 것이다. 
       
     폴리티오펜계 전도성 고분자 용액 조성물, 고분자 막, 폴리티오펜계 전도성 고분자 수용액, 알콜계 유기용매, 아마이드계 유기용매, 비양자성 고극성 용매, 멜라민 수지, 결합제, 무기 전계발광소자(EL) 전극용 필름, 디스플레이 전극용 필름
Patent KR-20090061924-A (KR)
Title: Section overspeed warning apparatus and system
Inventor: YANG MAN SEOK
IPC: G08G1/0968
Filed: 2007-12-12
Abstract: Section speed alarm device and system are provided, which can give alarm of speeding in the section secure road by determining speeding. A distance detective part(21) detects the residual distance to the secure end point from the current position and driving distance of the current position from the beginning of regulation spot. The time detection part(22) detects the driving time to the current position of the vehicle from the beginning of regulation spot. The speed detector(23) detects the current speed of the vehicle. The speed decision device(24) uses the detected driving distance, the residual distance, and the driving time and determines if the vehicle speed exceeds the regulation speed of the overspeed regulation section. The speeding guideline output unit(25) outputs the speeding alarm message.
Patent KR-20090062758-A (KR)
Title: 이동통신 시스템에서의 핸드오버 방법 및 장치
Inventor: KIM SOENG HUN
IPC: H04B7/26
Filed: 2007-12-13
Abstract: 본 발명은 핸드오버 시 기지국 간의 데이터 전달을 최소화하는 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 핸드오버가 일어나기 직전 단말이 소스 셀의 기지국에게, 이전에 전송한 상태 보고와 현재 상태가 다른 RLC PDU에 대한 상태 보고를 전송하도록 한다. 이를 통해 성공적으로 전송되었지만 아직 긍정적 인지 신호가 수신되지 않은 RLC PDU들의 포워딩을 방지한다. 
     
     LTE(Long Term Evolution), RLC (Radio Link Control), PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol)
Patent KR-20090063478-A (KR)
Title: Device for separating spare tire from vehicle body in vehicle
Inventor: KIM IL SANG
IPC: B60B29/00
Filed: 2007-12-14
Abstract: A spare tire separating device for a vehicle is provided to deviate a spare tire from a floor panel as an impact is applied to the spare tire at the time of rear side collision, thereby absorbing collision energy by the deformation of the floor panel for the protection of passengers. A spare tire separating device for a vehicle includes a belt(4) and a shock transmitting rod(5). The belt is wound on an outer peripheral surface of a fixing nut(2), which fixes a spare tire(8) to a floor panel(1), so that the belt releases the fixing nut by rotating the same. The shock transmitting rod is interposed between the belt and a rear bumper(6) for receiving the collision force of the rear bumper to rotate the belt.
Patent KR-20090063568-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus for increasing power outlet automatically
Inventor: LYU YOON SEOK
IPC: B60R16/03
Filed: 2007-12-14
Abstract: An apparatus for extending power outlets of a vehicle automatically is provided to overcome limit of an interior design of the vehicle by extending the two power outlets selectively. An apparatus for extending power outlets of a vehicle includes a hinge increasing unit(50) separating a first and a second power outlet rotatably. The first and the second power outlets includes a cylindrical housing(31,41) and contact points(32,42). One end of the first power outlet is connected with a motor driving unit. The motor driving unit operates the hinge increasing unit and moves the first power outlet forward through combination of a driving motor(60) and gears(80,90).
Patent KR-20090064237-A (KR)
Title: Audio system by using near radio communication and control method thereof
Inventor: AHN HEE JOONG
IPC: H04L12/28
Filed: 2007-12-15
Abstract: An audio system and a control method for automatically reproducing an acoustic which is suitable for a situation by using an adjacent audio device are provided to output the audio stream through the specific audio output unit among a plurality of audio output units. A sound source play device(200) transmits an audio stream which reproduces the sound source and obtained through the local area wireless communications. A plurality of audio devices(310, 320, 330, 340) receives the audio stream through the local area wireless communication. A plurality of audio devices outputs the acoustic corresponding to the sound source. The sound source replay apparatus outputs acoustic through the audio device positioned in the setup range of the local area wireless communications among a plurality of audio devices.
Patent KR-20080057186-A (KR)
Title: Hydraulic motor
Inventor: JEAN CLAUDE CHRUPALLA
IPC: F16H39/00
Filed: 2007-12-18
Abstract: A hydraulic motor is provided to simplify a configuration element for controlling conversion of an operating fluid by employing an inverter having three coaxial members. An inverter(30) is installed in a casing(12). The inverter is provided with three coaxial members. The coaxial member has a shaft in parallel with a revolution shaft(13). The coaxial member is comprised of a first sleeve(38), a second sleeve(40), and a distributor(42). The first sleeve is extended into a first chamber(28) and integrated with a piston. The second sleeve is integrated with an end wall(18) of the casing to be fixed and extended to a first chamber passing the second chamber. The distributor is extended between the first and second chambers and rotated in the second sleeve. The inverter further includes tubes and opening elements which are arranged between the second sleeve and the distributor, and a controller for controlling the revolution of the distributor by a movement of the first sleeve.
Patent KR-20090066075-A (KR)
Title: Green pigment composition for color filter
Inventor: UHM SEONG YONG
IPC: G03F7/004
Filed: 2007-12-18
Abstract: A green pigment composition containing metal oxides and dispersants and a color filter using the same are provided to manufacture the color filter with excellent dispersion stability and high optical transmissivity. A green pigment composition for a color filter comprises: 100 parts of pigment; 1-50 parts of binder resin; 10-80 parts of dispersant; 0.1-10 parts of metal oxides whose mean size is 10-50% as much as the mean size(D50) of pigments; and 10-1000 parts of solvent. The metal oxides are selected from the group consisting of silicone oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and their mixture. The specific surface area of the metal oxides is 10~100m/g.
Patent KR-20090067367-A (KR)
Title: Water starchs container
Inventor: YOON SUN JONG
IPC: B43M11/00
Filed: 2007-12-21
Abstract: A liquid paste roller syringe is provided to control the amount of a paste minutely by applying a syringe and to allow a paste to be pasted on the desired location only by using a roller. A liquid paste roller syringe comprises a container(2) where a liquid paste is put; a piston(4) which is provided with a packing(42) formed at the front end and a handle(44) formed at the rear end and is inserted into the container; and a roller(6) which is mounted at the front end of the container so as to roll a paste by drawing it.
Patent KR-20090067451-A (KR)
Title: Terminal for communication and method of communicating with a plurality of headset
Inventor: LEE MYEONG HEE
IPC: H04B1/40
Filed: 2007-12-21
Abstract: A communication terminal and a method of communicating with a plurality of headsets are provided to share the other terminal functions while communication contents are not shared. A wireless communication unit(110) performs local area network communication. The wireless communication unit transceives a mobile communication signal. When a calling function with the first wireless headset is performed, a controller(180) transceives an audio signal except an audio signal according to the communication function by the second wireless headset. A display unit(151) displays information or a menu related to connection with the first wireless headset. If a communication function with the first wireless headset is not performed, the controller transceives an audio signal including the audio signal according to the communication function.
Patent KR-20090068754-A (KR)
Title: Continuity girder, continuity structure of girder and construction method of the same
Inventor: KIM SUN JOO
IPC: E01D2/00
Filed: 2007-12-24
Abstract: A continuous girder and a continuous structure of a girder, and the construction method are provided to construct girders continuously in the longitudinal direction simply without installing timber for arranging a form, and to improve the durability of a bridge, to extend the span length of a bridge freely and to promote the stability and convenience of construction by fixing a connection between girders composed of a precast member strongly and promoting the continuation of girders. A continuous girder(1) comprises a steel beam(10) and a lower panel(20). The steel beam comprises a lower flange(13) placed on a concave part(21) of the lower panel, a web(12) formed perpendicular to the top of the lower flange, and an upper flange formed to face parallel to the lower flange, wherein the lower part(12b) of the web and the lower flange are formed shorter than the upper part(12a) of the web and the upper flange, so that the upper part of the web and the upper flange are projected more than the end of the lower part of the web and the lower flange to form a cut-out part on the lower part of the longitudinal end of the steel beam, and the lower panel is coupled with the steel beam integrally by inserting the lower flange of the steel beam to the concave part and placing concrete in the concave part, and the longitudinal end of the lower panel is formed shorter than the upper part of the web and the upper flange, so that the upper part of the web and the upper flange are projected more than the end of the lower panel.
Patent KR-20070044448-A (KR)
Inventor: AERRABOTU NAVEEN
IPC: H04M1/00
Filed: 2005-06-23
Abstract: 통신 디바이스(102)가 닫힌 상태(closed position;106)에 있을 때, 닫힌 상태(106)에서 액세스가 가능한 외부 키(306)를 디세이블(disable)하는, 열린 상태(opened position;104)와 닫힌 상태(106)를 갖는 통신 디바이스(102)를 위한 방법(200) 및 장치(300)가 개시된다.  통신 디바이스(102)가 닫힌 상태(106)에 있다고 검출될 때, 외부 키(306)는 디세이블되지만, 인입 콜(incoming call)이 수신되거나(216) 또는 잠금해제 코드(unlocking code)가 입력되었을 때(218) 리인에이블(re-enable)된다.  
       
     통신 디바이스, 개/닫힌 상태, 외부 키, 인에이블/디세이블, 잠금해제 코드, 제1/제2 하우징, 상태 검출기, 스위치 모듈
Patent KR-20070044459-A (KR)
Inventor: HAMELINCK DIRK
IPC: G11B20/12
Filed: 2005-07-07
Abstract: 데이터를 저장하기 위한 이동식 기록매체의 어드레스 가능한 위치에 정보를 기록하는 기록장치. 이 기록장치는, 기록된 데이터 어드레스를 메모리에 저장하여서 데이터의 기록을 감시하기 위한 감시수단(31)을 구비한다. 또한, 이 기록장치는, 메모리로부터 판독된 어드레스에 의거하여 상기 기록된 데이터를 검색하여, 특수 데이터의 존재에 대한 상기 기록된 데이터 어드레스를 확인하는 검사수단(32)을 구비한다. 이것은, 기록매체에 저장된 특수 데이터의 변경 추적을 고려한다. 이 기록장치는, 특수 데이터에 따라 추가의 데이터를 발생할 수 있고 그 추가의 데이터를 모든 특수 데이터를 판독하지 않고서 기록매체에 기록할 수 있다. 
       
     기록장치, 추가의 데이터, 검사수단, 감시수단.
Patent KR-20070038164-A (KR)
Inventor: ZHU LIZHONG
IPC: H04B1/06
Filed: 2005-03-01
Abstract: 이동 무선 통신 장치는 하우징 및 하우징에 의해 유지되는 회로 기판을 포함하고, 회로 기판은, 회로 기판에 의해 유지되고 서로 동작하는 고주파(RF) 회로 및 프로세서를 포함한다. LCD 커넥터를 위한 디스플레이 커넥터는 회로 기판 상에 장착되어 디스플레이에 접속된다. 디스플레이 접속 라인은, 회로 기판에 의해 유지되고, 프로세서로부터 디스플레이 커넥터 및 접속된 디스플레이로 신호를 전송하기 위하여 디스플레이 커넥터 및 프로세서를 상호 접속한다. 필터는 회로 기판에 의해 유지되고, 디스플레이 접속 라인에 접속되며, 프로세서 및 디스플레이로부터 임의의 간섭 에너지를 감소시킨다.
Patent KR-20070052785-A (KR)
Inventor: THOMPSON RONALD J
IPC: F16C33/10
Filed: 2005-08-11
Abstract: 본 발명은 총 세 개의 스러스트 플랜지만을 갖추고 있는 스러스트 베어링을 제공한다.  스러스트 베어링의 한 부분은 오목 내면 및 볼록 외면을 갖춘 아치형 베어링 셸을 가지고 있는 메인 베어링을 포함하고 있다.  유체역학 특성 형태부가 있는 스러스트 와셔는 메인 베어링의 에지 중 하나에 접하고 베어링 셸의 외면으로부터 반경방향 외측으로 뻗어있어서 스러스트 면을 형성하고 있다.  메인 베어링의 자유 에지는 바람직하게 다른 스러스트 면으로부터 내측으로 이격되고 에지는 다른 스러스트 면보다 실질적으로 폭이 좁다.  조립체의 다른 부분은, 한 스러스트 플랜지에 유체역학 특성 형태부가 있고 다른 스러스트 플랜지에 유체역학 특성 형태부가 없고, 이 플랜지들이 외면으로부터 반경방향 외측으로 뻗어있는 전통의 스러스트 베어링을 포함할 수 있고, 또는 한 스러스트 와셔에 유체역학 특성 형태부가 있고 한 스러스트 와셔에 유체역학 특성 형태부가 없는 한 쌍의 스러스트 와셔에 맞닿아있어, 이 와셔들이 반경방향 외측으로 뻗어있는 다른 메인 베어링을 포함할 수 있다.  어느 구성에 있어서, 유체역학 특성 형태부가 없는 스러스트 플랜지 또는 스러스트 와셔는 유체역학 특성 형태부가 있는 메인 베어링의 스러스트 와셔에 마주하고 있다.  
     
     스러스트 베어링 조립체, 스러스트 면, 스러스트 베어링, 메인 베어링, 스러스트 플랜지, 유체역학 특성 형태부, 배향 장치
Patent KR-20070055608-A (KR)
Inventor: ARAI JUNICHIRO
IPC: G16H40/63
Filed: 2005-09-14
Abstract: 이용자의 외출 시에도 이용자의 수면 상태를 향상할 수 있는 수면 상태 향상 시스템 및 수면 상태 향상 방법을 제공한다.  수면 상태 향상 시스템(1)은 이용자(P)의 수면 상태를 향상하기 위한 수면 상태 향상 시스템이며, 기억 부재(70)와, 특정부(31)와 제어부(32)로 이루어지는 제어 장치를 구비한다.  기억 부재(70)는 이용자(P)에게 휴대되는 것이 가능하다.  특정부(31)는 개인 정보에 기초하여 이용자(P)의 개인 속성 정보를 특정한다.  개인 정보는 기억 부재(70)에 기억된 정보이다.  제어부(32)는 개인 속성 정보에 기초하여 이용자(P)의 수면 시의 환경을 제어한다. 
       
     수면 상태 향상 시스템, 개인 정보, 개인 속성 정보, 입면, 기상
Patent KR-20070105965-A (KR)
Title: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome isolates and methods of use
Inventor: ROOF MICHAEL
IPC: C12Q1/68
Filed: 2005-09-21
Abstract: A method of predicting the virulence of a new or uncharacterized PRRS virus isolate is provided wherein the isolate is injected into swine and allowed to replicate for a period of from about 3-15 days. During this period, the rate of virus growth and/or the magnitude of viremia is determined, and this data is compared with a corresponding growth rate and/or viremia magnitude of a PRRS virus isolate of known virulence, as a measure of the virulence of the new or uncharacterized isolate. Additionally, a method of selecting an isolate for inclusion in an immunogenic composition based on the predicted virulence is also provided, together with compositions incorporating attenuated forms of viruses predicted to be virulent.
Patent KR-20070084074-A (KR)
Title: Gas odorant
Inventor: MUELLER URS
IPC: C10L3/00
Filed: 2005-11-08
Abstract: The present invention refers to the use as gas odorant of alkoxy alkynes of formula (I) wherein R1 is methoxy or ethoxy; and R2 is hydrogen or methyl, to a process of odorizing gas and to fuel gas comprising it.
Patent KR-20070084549-A (KR)
Title: Fluid purification system with low temperature purifier
Inventor: VININSKI JOSEPH V
IPC: B01D53/02
Filed: 2005-10-19
Abstract: A system and method for processing a matrix fluid to remove one or more impurities (such as moisture from a process gas). The purifier includes a pre-cooler that receives the matrix fluid and cools the matrix fluid to a second, lower temperature. A container is provided to contain a purifier element made up of a high surface area material. The container includes an inlet for receiving the matrix fluid from the pre-cooler and an outlet for outputting the matrix fluid after it is forced to flow through the purifier element. The purifier includes a cooler in thermal contact with an outer surface of the container to cool the outer surface of the container to a purifying temperature, which is selected to be below the ambient temperature and above a phase change point of the matrix fluid and is typically in the range of about 0 to-200°C.
Patent KR-20070086873-A (KR)
Title: Pentaborane(9) storage and delivery
Inventor: OLANDER KARL W
IPC: C23C16/00
Filed: 2005-11-23
Abstract: A fluid storage and dispensing system comprising a vessel for holding a pentaborane(9)-containing fluid at subatmospheric pressure. The fluid storage and dispensing system may be communicatively connected to a semiconductor or liquid crystal display manufacturing facility, whereby the pentaborane(9) is used as a substitute for commercially available boron hydride compounds such as diborane.
Patent KR-20070108514-A (KR)
Title: Guiding device for neck ring of a glassware making machine
Inventor: FLYNN ROBIN L
IPC: C03B9/34
Filed: 2005-12-07
Abstract: A neck ring guide for aligning neck ring sections in a glassware forming machine has a center body (44 or 60 or 94 or 132) and a pair of spaced parallel runners (46, 48 or 58, 59 or 96, 98 or 136, 136) coupled to the center body for receipt in guide slots in the neck ring sections. Keepers (50) on the outboard sides of the runners retain the runners in the guide slots. Instead of keepers, the runners may be retained in the guide slots by roll pins (100 tol06) on the neck ring sections engaged in retainer slots (110, 114, 118, 122) in the runners.
Patent KR-20070096011-A (KR)
Title: Production method and device of optical fiber parent material
Inventor: INOUE DAI
IPC: C03B37/07
Filed: 2005-11-10
Abstract: A production method of an optical fiber parent material (2) by a VAD method comprising a step for detecting the distal end position (3) of a soot core by a discrete value, a step for averaging the values of detected distal end position (3) over a predetermined time, and a step for regulating the production conditions of soot core such that the averaged value of distal end position (3) becomes constant, wherein the regulating process regulates production conditions sequentially such that difference between the averaged value of distal end position (3) and a target value set between two adjacent values which can be predetected discretely becomes zero.
Patent KR-20070121670-A (KR)
Title: Iluminated display window for led and/or displays
Inventor: GIETL GUNTER
IPC: G02F1/13
Filed: 2006-02-16
Abstract: The invention relates to a display window (12), especially for LED and/or LC displays. Said display window comprises a lighting device and a microstructure (36) for illuminating the display window (12), wherein the microstructure (36) is disposed on the side of the display window (12) facing the display (22).
Patent KR-20070110528-A (KR)
Title: A roll profile for both shape control and free ruled rolling
Inventor: HUANG HAO DONG
IPC: B21B27/02
Filed: 2006-03-24
Abstract: A roll profile for work rolls is provided for both shape control and free ruled rolling. Each of the work rolls is a roll having one tapered end. Providing starting point of the tapered end of the rolls being origin of coordinates, the curve of respective tapered end is a quartic curve represented by a formula as follows, y(x)=a0+a1x+ a2x2+a3x3+a4x 4, wherein x∈[0,Le], y(x)∈[0,He].Because transition between the tapered portion and the roll body is smooth, asymmetric deformation due to the difference between abrasion of the upper and lower rolls is elimatated, reducing wedged shape of strip, and reducing unstable rolling due to shifting of roll axle caused by asymmetric strip stresses. Futher As the amount of shift of work roll is a axial shift represented by Shift=B/2+Le-Se-Lw/2 so that box shaped abrasion of prior art roll is eliminated, closed type abrasion of prior art roll is changed into open type abrasion, averaging the abrasion of the rolls, eliminating 'cat ear' hole, achieving flat roll type rolling, and fulfilling the requirements of free ruled rolling.
Patent KR-20070116911-A (KR)
Title: Method for making advanced smart cards with integrated electronics using isotropic thermoset adhesive materials with high quality exterior surfaces
Inventor: REED PAUL
IPC: G06K19/077
Filed: 2005-03-23
Abstract: Advanced Smart Cards and similar form factors (e.g. documents, tags) having high quality external surfaces of Polyvinylchloride (PVC), Polycarbonate (PC), synthetic paper or other suitable material can be made with highly sophisticated electronic components (e.g. Integrated Circuit chips, batteries, microprocessors, Light Emitting Diodes, Liquid Crystal Displays, polymer dome switches, and antennae), integrated in the bottom layer of the card structure, through use of injection molded thermosetting or thermoplastic material that becomes the core layer of said Advanced Smart Cards. A lamination finishing process can provide a high quality lower surface, and the encapsulation of the electronic components in the thermosetting or thermoplastic material provides protection from the lamination heat and pressure.
Patent KR-20070118294-A (KR)
Title: Authenticati0n method and authenticati0n unit
Inventor: VAN MOFFAERT ANNELIES MARIE ET
IPC: G06F21/44
Filed: 2006-03-27
Abstract: The present invention describes an authentication method for use in a telecommunication system for providing Internet Protocol Multimedia services to a user using a terminal (Tl, T2, T3) of a customer premises multimedia equipment (EQUIP) and having a user identification (Ul, U2, U3, U4). The method comprises, in the event when the user identification is one of a first plurality of user identifications that are sharing a first fixed acces line, the steps of :-predefining in a storing means (MEM) for each one of a plurality of fixed acces lines (Ll, ..., L16) that comprises this first fixed acces line, an association between the one fixed acces line and a plurality of Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem profiles and providing thereby a plurality of associations, each one of the plurality of Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem profiles is related to one of a plurality of user identifications that are sharing the one fixed acces line. The plurality of associations comprises hereby a first plurality of associations between the first fixed access line and a first plurality of Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem Profiles, each being related to one of the first plurality of user identifications; and-transmitting by the terminal a service request (REQ), that comprises the user identification U3, via the first fixed acces line,-and-determining with a processor (P), for the service request, the user identification and the first fixed access line; and-controlling with processor the plurality of associations, upon the presence of an association between the first fixed access line and an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem Profile (P13) that is related to the user identification; and providing by the processor authentication (OK) for the user identification for at least one Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem service.
Patent KR-20080012287-A (KR)
Title: Malodor reduction patch
Inventor: SOJKA MARCI E
IPC: A61L9/12
Filed: 2006-04-25
Abstract: A patch is presented for use in conjunction with a surface, the patch including a backsheet having an adherent surface, wherein the backsheet is translucent; an outermost surface opposite the adherent surface; an adhesive applied to the adherent surface; a peel layer removably attached to the adhesive; and a malodor-reducing agent. A method for manufacturing a patch is presented, the method including producing a backsheet from a water-dispersible polymer; applying a malodor-reducing agent to the polymer; adding an adhesive to the backsheet; and adhering a peel strip to the adhesive.
Patent KR-20080002988-A (KR)
Title: Conductive barrier layer, especially an alloy of ruthenium and tantalum and sputter deposition thereof
Inventor: WANG JENN YUE
IPC: H01L21/28
Filed: 2006-04-25
Abstract: A fabrication method, a product structure, a fabrication method, and a sputtering target for the deposition of a conductive barrier or other liner layer in an interconnect structure. The barrier layer (82) comprises a conductive metal of a refractory noble metal alloy, such as a ruthenium/tantalum alloy, which may be amorphous though it is not require to be so. The barrier layer may be sputtered from a target (90) of similar composition. The barrier and target composition may be chosen from a combination of the refractory metals and the platinum-group metals as well as RuTa. A copper noble seed layer (112) may be formed of an alloy of copper and ruthenium in contact to a barrier layer (70) over the dielectric (66).