Patent GB-190306614-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper Bags and Apparatus therefor.
Inventor: HESSER OTTO
Filed: 1903-03-21
Granted: 1903-09-10
Abstract: 6614. Hesser, O. March 21. Paper bags.-Relates to a machine for making paper bags, particularly those with a square bottom. The various stages in the manufacture are shown in Figs. 11 and 12. A flat paper sheet 1 is drawn up from the paper block at stage I, and laid between two pairs of rollers, stage II, which pass it to an inclined folding table, stage III. Folding plates pass the sheet through a slot in the table to stage IV iu which the adhesive material for the longitudinal seam is applied and the projecting part is folded over. At stage V the seam is pressed flat, at stage VI one end of the tube formed is stamped out to the required shape, and at stage VII the longitudinal seam is again pressed. The paper tube is drawn off the folding-plate at stage VIII and conveyed to stage IX in which it is turned through a right-angle and passed beneath to stage X. Here the tube is received in a channel between two guide-bars and is passed on in the channel through stages XI to XVI to be converted into a bag. From stage XVI the bag is drawn a little sideways as shown in stage XVI<a> and the bottom is pressed flat upon the other part of the bag ; the bag then passes to stage XVII and from there is conveyed to a storing trough constituting stage XVIII. The complete machine is shown in elevation in Fig. 86 and in plan in Fig. 87. The block 1 of paper is moved upwards by means of ratchetgearing 44, 43, and the holder is adjustable to suit paper sheets of varying sizes. To permit the block being inserted in its frame from the front, pivoted flaps are provided, normally held in position by springs, and turned sideways to admit the block. Separate sheets of paper are lifted from the block by means of a suction nozzle 20, connected to an air pump 18 actuated from the cam a<2> and mounted on a carriage 21, which is caused to slide horizontally on bars 22, by means of levers and spindles actuated from the eccentric a<1>, to feed the sheets to the rolls 67, 68. The vertical motion of the nozzle is obtained from a cam a, which, by means of a rod 27 and a double pivoted lever, actuates a vertically-sliding carriage 23 carrying the guide bars 22 of the carriage 21. When a sheet is not drawn up, and the machine otherwise remains in operation, a pivoted lever is dropped beneath the carriage 23 to prevent its descent. A stop fixed beneath the carriage 21 presses the uppermost sheet upon the block until the sucking-up has taken place. The rollers 67, 68, and a second pair placed behind them convey the sheets to an adjustable, oblique, folding table 62, which has a slot through which the folding arms 79 on the intermittently-rotating disc 78 pass. A ledge at the lower end, and a pivoted spring arm hold the sheet upon the table, and a fork 65 screwed on the arm 64 and enlarged upwards guides the folding arms to the slot. Each arm folds a sheet of paper in passing through the slot and carries it to the position stage IV to receive the adhesive material for the longitudinal seam. The sheet is supported during this operation between frames 80, Fig. 26, by arms 135 which fold back and are mounted on a shaft 136 actuated by means of toothed gearing and a rod and the cam g to place the arms horizontal just as the sheet descends. When the sheet is seated, it is pressed by a plate 140 actuated by the rod 145 from the cam e ; gum is then applied to the upper edge of the largest half of the folded sheet by means of a pivoted stamp 100 actuated by the toothed sector 103, which, along with the stamp pivot 101, is mounted on a sliding carriage 110 actuated by a cam and spring. The arm 105 is actuated from the cam d' to cause the stamp 100 first to scrape a gumming-roller, then to move through a right-angle and apply the adhesive to the seam. An elbow-shaped yoke 123 supports the edge of the sheet during the gumming-operation, it then moves forward to fold over the edge, and afterwards moves back to pass the gummed edge upon the body to make the seam. The elbow is mounted in a sliding carriage 126 ; the turning- motion to fold over the edge is obtained from the cam f by means of the rod 129 and arm 128, and the carriage 126 is then moved back by means of a rod 130, an elbow lever, and a second rod actuated from the cam f<1>. The ratchet-mechanism for operating the disc 78 is shown separately in Fig. 20 and consists of a notched disc 83 and a spring pawl 86 actuated by cam-mechanism to move the disc forwards, a second pawl 93 preventing back motion. A cam 89, loosely mounted on the shaft 77 and actuated by a cam rod 91, lifts the pawls alternately from the recesses. At the next stage V, the longitudinal seam is pressed upon by a plate 146, Fig. 86, operated by links, levers, and the rod 150 from the cam c, the rod being loaded to draw the plate back. A matrix 152 and a die punch a piece out of the bottom of the paper tube at stage VI, shown in Fig. 11, the die being actuated from the cam h by means of a rod 158, an elbow lever 157, and a sliding rod to which it is attached. At stage VII, a pressing plate 161 applies a second pressure to the longitudinal seam, the plate being actuated by a lever 155 and rods from the cam i. At the next stage VIII, the tube is drawn off the arm by means of a clamp consisting of two fingers 175, 176, Fig. 31, one fixed on the sliding carriage 171, and the other movable to be opened by means of the roller 177 meeting inclines 170, 179, and held closed by a spring. The carriage is actuated by levers 172, 173, 174 from a cam on the cross-shaft 11. The incline 179 is pivoted and actuated from the cam k to turn down and close the fingers upon the bag when they come over the arm 79. As the carriage moves forwards, the fingers are opened and the paper tube is inserted in a slotted turntable 195, Fig. 86, arranged at stage IX, and operated from a cam on the cross shaft 11 to turn the tube through a right-angle and to place it into a narrow space 424 between two guide bars. A cam-actuated pusher pushes the tube from the turntable to the space between the guide bars constituting stage X of the operations. In this position, the tube is adjusted by means of arms on vertical shafts engaging the vertical sides of the tube, the shafts being turned by means of links and levers 211, 212, actuated by the cam m. The tube is carried to stopping-place XI, and from each subsequent stopping-place to the next, by a common device consisting of a U-shaped conveyerbar 392, Fig. 84, upon which the paper tubes are pressed by a series of bent fingers with roughened edges, a pair of fingers being provided for each stopping-place. The conveyer-bar is actuated from a cam on the cross-shaft by means of the rod 400 and the pivoted lever 399, and, by means of a second cam-actuated rod 401 and a bar 393 sliding within the conveyer-bar, the grippers are released from the conveyer-bar during its backward stroke. The grippers project through recesses in the bar 392, and the guide-bar 206 is grooved to receive them. The bottom of the tube projects sufficiently above the channel 424 for the bottom to be folded at stage XI. Nozzles 221, Fig. 45, connected to camactuated air pumps 222, rest laterally against the sides of the paper tube and are drawn up and then guided in curved slots 215 downwards, being actuated by means of rods 217 jointed to the pivoted lever 218, which is actuated by the cam rod 219. Two triangular folders work directly behind the nozzles, and are similarly guided in curved slots in a vertically - displaceable carriage to enter the opened end of the paper tube to fold the bottom over. The tube is retained in positions XI and XII by means of a spring pressing-plate which is released at the required times by means of levers and rods from the cam p. At stage XII, the bottom is folded quite flat and the overlapping piece is brought into an approximately-vertical position by means of folders, actuated in a similar manner to the nozzles shown in Fig. 45 and mounted in a verticallysliding carriage, and by pivoted side folders which are brought into operation by the carriage as it reciprocates. At stage XIII, a layer of gum or other adhesive, as shown in Fig. 12, is applied by means of a gumming-stamp 275, Fig. 87, mounted on a carriage 276 which slides on bars 277 in a vertically-sliding carriage 278, both the horizontal and vertical motions being obtained from cams on the shaft 12. The stamp receives its gum from a roller lying in a gum container, the roller being actuated by a rack and pinion to keep a freshly-gummed surface exposed to the stamp. The bag is prevented from returning with the stamp by means of a pressing-plate 294 on a lever 295 operated from a cam r<2>. At stage XIV, the bottom of the bag is closed by means of two pairs of flat folders. The pair 312, 313, Fig. 87, first close the central part upon the middle of the bottom ; they are mounted on pivoted and sliding arms 310, 311 which are raised and lowered and moved towards and from each other during the operation by means of toothed pinions gearing with teeth on the lever hubs, one wheel being actuated by means of levers from the cam t to impart the required sliding- motion to the arms. The lifting of the arms is performed by arms 314, 315 on a common shaft 302, the lever 314 being prolonged and engaging a rod 316 from the cam t<1>. The second folders then fold over the corner pieces ; these folders are mounted in a horizontally sliding carriage, the guides of which are mounted in a vertically-sliding carriage actuated from a cam s on the shaft 12. The folders are mounted on carriages, which are normally pressed towards each other by springs and are displaced laterally by means of a cam on the shaft carrying the pinion 329 gearing with the sector 328, Fig. 86, on the shaft 327 operated from the cam s'. At stage XV, the bottom of the bag is pressed by the stamp 338 on the lever 339 operated from the cam u, and the bag then passes to stage XVI, in which operation it