Patent GB-988518-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric arc working and control systems therefor
IPC: B23K9/073
Filed: 1962-01-15
Abstract: 988,518. Welding by fusion. UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION. Jan. 16, 1962 [Jan. 16, 1961], No. 1407/62. Heading B3R. [Also in Divisions G3 and H2] In an automatic A.C. or D.C. arc welder of the kind in which the position of a non-consumable gas shielded electrode is motor controlled to maintain the arc voltage equal to a reference voltage, and in which the arc is initiated by a high frequency pulse, a time delay is introduced when starting the weld to enable the arc to stabilize before normal automatic control is established. Under normal running conditions, alternating current from a source 76 (or direct current from an undisclosed source) is applied to the electrode T and workpiece W. The voltage across the arc (rectified in the case of the A.C. arc) is compared with a reference voltage tapped off a potential divider 10 from an auxiliary stabilized source 78. The error signal is applied over an amplifier 39, 40 to control the firing angle of a pair of thyratrons 62, 63 which supply the armature of a separately excited reversible motor M which adjusts the position of the welding electrode T. Three alternative starting routines are disclosed for A.C. welding. These may also be used for D.C. welding but the time delay (see below) is reduced to zero. In the first, the selector switch 14 is set to the D (delay) position, and switch 15 to the H (down) position. A system of relays then causes the motor M to lower the electrode at a speed set on potentiometer 4, to turn on the supplies of shielding gas and cooling water and to connect the welding supply to the electrode. When a cam on the electrode carrier closes a lower limit switch 7, the downward movement is stopped with the electrode at a set height above the workpiece, and a high frequency pulse is applied from a source 52. As a result, the arc strikes and the welding current energizes a relay 60 which starts an adjustable time delay device 12 and also starts the carriage drive motor and the filler wire feed motor. At the end of the period set on timer 12 the high frequency source 52 is disconnected and the error amplifier 39, 40 is energized so that automatic control is established. The screen grid supply to the amplifier 39, 40 includes a capacitor 41 so that the voltage and hence the gain of the amplifier 39, 40 rises slowly to provide smooth changeover to automatic control. In the second routine, the selector switch 14 is set to the S (step) position and in addition to setting the desired welding voltage on potential divider 10 a second higher value is set on an auxiliary potential divider 11. The electrode is then driven down to the lower limit position with the gas, water and power supplies on as above and the arc struck. In addition to starting the timer 12, the error amplifier 39, 40 is energized immediately, but the auxiliary potential divider 11 is connected in circuit so that the electrode is automatically controlled at the higher arc voltage at the end of the period determined by timer 12 there is a change to normal control, as determined by potential divider 10. In the third routine for starting at an intermediate position along the weld the electrode height is set under manual control, and a switch 16 overrides the lower limit switch 7 to enable either of the above sequences to be initiated.