baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2023544305-A (JP)
Title: 可逆イミンｕｖ吸収剤
IPC: C09K3/00
Filed: 2021-09-28
Abstract: UV阻害剤を含み任意で担体および任意でアニオンを含む組成物が開示され、UV阻害剤は式(I)の少なくとも1つの化合物であり、R1はアリール誘導体、N-アシル、グアニジンまたはアミノグアニジン基であり、R2およびR3は、独立に、直鎖もしくは分岐鎖のアルキルまたは電子供与性基もしくは電子求引性基で置換されたアリール基である。UV光から製品を保護するための方法も開示され、方法は、製品をUV光から保護するのに十分な量において該組成物を製品に適用することを含む。製品に可逆的染料を提供する方法も開示され、方法は、製品に可視色を提供するのに十分な量で該組成物を製品に適用することを含む。
Patent JP-2023545135-A (JP)
Title: ＳＡＲＳ－ＣｏＶタンパク質発現細胞に対するＴ細胞応答を標的にする抗体コンストラクト、それらの設計および使用
IPC: C07K16/46
Filed: 2021-10-12
Abstract: 本開示は、ハイブリッドリガンド分子を提供する。ハイブリッドリガンド分子は、２つの抗体結合部位を有する。第１の抗体結合部位は、エフェクター細胞のエフェクター細胞受容体複合体構造に結合する。第２の抗体結合部位は、標的細胞特異的抗体結合部位である。第１のおよび第２の抗体結合部位は、連結されている。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-2023547798-A (JP)
Title: 能動冷却コンテナ
IPC: F25D11/00
Filed: 2021-10-12
Abstract: 能動冷却コンテナ用のモジュラ電源及びアクセス制御のためのシステム及び方法が提供される。いくつかの実施形態では、制御された内部温度を長期間にわたり維持するために、能動冷却機能を有する生鮮保管／運送コンテナ用の可動式及び／または固定式のモジュラ電源システム／ドックが提供される。いくつかの実施形態では、この能動冷却は、熱電（ＴＥＣ）、スターリング冷却器、及び／または蒸気圧縮を含むことができる。これは、コールドチェーン、グローサリ（食品）、医薬品、医療用途、または顧客特化型要件（ただし、これらに限定されない）における冷蔵または冷凍貨物を支援することができる。電源システムは、主電源、ローカル発電、及び／またはバッテリ電源のいずれかで使用できる。いくつかの実施形態では、システムは、近接センサ及び／または切替システムを含み、アーク放電または感電のリスクを除去するために食品保管冷却器への電力印加及び電力除去のタイミングを制御する。【選択図】図６
Patent JP-2023547105-A (JP)
Title: 炎症促進性プロドラッグ
IPC: A61K47/54
Filed: 2021-10-20
Abstract: 細胞外抗原に特異的に結合するターゲティング部分、酵素切断可能なリンカー、および自然免疫系アクチベーターを含むプロドラッグが本明細書で提供される。酵素切断可能なリンカーは、ターゲティング部分を自然免疫系アクチベーターへ共有結合で連結することができる。癌を処置する方法、癌をイメージングする方法、および癌の処置をモニターする方法もまた提供される。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-2023547621-A (JP)
Title: 抗ｓｉｇｌｅｃ－８抗体製剤
IPC: A61K39/395
Filed: 2021-10-21
Abstract: 本開示は、皮下投与のためのヒトＳｉｇｌｅｃ－８に結合するモノクローナル抗体を含む医薬組成物（例えば、液体製剤）、及びそれに関連する製品を提供する。このような要求及びその他の要求を満たすため、本開示は、ヒトＳｉｇｌｅｃ－８に結合するモノクローナル抗体を含む皮下投与用の医薬組成物（例えば、液体製剤）及びキットに特に関する。これらは、特定の抗Ｓｉｇｌｅｃ－８抗体の溶解度がｐＨ及び特定の緩衝液組成に依存する、という本明細書における実証例に少なくとも一部基づいたものである。【選択図】図９
Patent JP-2023549676-A (JP)
Title: 腹腔内圧（「ｉｐｐ」）測定方法、装置、およびシステム
IPC: A61M1/28
Filed: 2021-11-03
Abstract: 腹腔内圧（「ＩＰＰ」）測定装置が、本明細書に開示される。ある実施例では、ＩＰＰ測定装置は、患者の腹腔に流体的に結合される、移送セットまたはカテーテルと、移送セットまたはカテーテルに接触するように適合される、圧力センサとを含む。圧力センサは、患者の腹腔内のＩＰＰを示す出力データを伝送するように構成される。圧力センサは、移送セットまたはカテーテル内の流体によって付与される圧力を測定するように構成される、圧力要素を含む。圧力センサはまた、移送セットまたはカテーテルの一部に接触する第１の側と、圧力要素に接触する第２の側とを有する、圧力増幅器も含む。第１の側は、ＩＰＰ測定のための圧力信号を増幅させるために、第２の側と比較してより大きい直径または表面積を有する。
Patent JP-2023548547-A (JP)
Title: センサ配置を有する半導体デバイスのための保護構造
IPC: H01L21/76
Filed: 2021-08-31
Abstract: センサ配置を含む半導体デバイスのための保護構造が開示される。半導体デバイスは、センサ領域３４、例えば、デバイスの全能動エリアの一部分を占有する電流センサ領域を含む。電流センサ領域は、動作中のデバイス負荷電流のモニタリングを提供するように構成されることがある。本開示による半導体デバイスは、半導体デバイスがデバイス故障なしに過渡電圧事象に耐えることを可能にするように構成される１つ又は複数の保護構造を含む。保護構造は、半導体デバイスのデバイス領域３２とセンサ領域３４との間の遷移領域２６Ｔに設けられる絶縁性層５２を含む。絶縁性層は、ゲート絶縁性層４０の絶縁破壊電圧よりも高い絶縁破壊電圧を有することができる。
Patent JP-2024501554-A (JP)
Title: オキシスピロ環置換ピロロピラゾール誘導体及びその中間体並びにその調製方法
IPC: C07D405/04
Filed: 2021-12-29
Abstract: オキシスピロ環置換ピロロピラゾール誘導体及びその中間体並びにその調製方法に関する。【選択図】なし
Patent MX-2007003374-A (MX)
Title: Carbo- and hetero-cyclic antibiotics and use thereof.
Inventor: CHAMBERLAND SUZANNE
IPC: A61L2/00
Filed: 2005-09-22
Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (1.0); and pharmaceutically acceptablesalts of such compounds. The present invention relates to chemical entitiescontaining a nitrofuran or other antibiotic linked to an activity enhancing distalring system either directly or via an imine group, vinyl group, carbo- or hetero-cyclicchain or ring or a combination of an imine group or a vinyl group and a carbo- or hetero-cyclicchain or ring. Antibiotic activity is obtained, for example, by the nitrofuranmoiety, while the remaining structure of the molecule contributes to additionalantimicrobial activity and/or extends the antimicrobial spectrum of activity,by facilitating nitroreduction by microorganisms, uptake in target bacteria,and/or intracellular penetration, while also contributing to pharmacologicalproperties (absorption, body distribution, and others).
Patent MX-2007003652-A (MX)
Title: Process for preparing forms of atorvastatin calcium substantially free of impurities.
Inventor: FINKELSTEIN NINA
IPC: A61K31/00
Filed: 2005-09-28
Abstract: The preparation of atorvastatin calcium epoxide dihydroxy (AED) is described. AED can be used as a standard or marker in determining the amount of AED in a sample. AED can therefore be used as a tool in preparing atorvastatin calcium substantially free of AED.
Patent MX-2007008190-A (MX)
Title: Sulfanyl substituted phenyl methanones as glycine transporter 1 (glyt-1) inhibitors for the treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Inventor: PINARD EMMANUEL
IPC: C07D213/74
Filed: 2005-12-28
Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) wherein R<sup>1</sup> is lower alkyl or lower alkyl substituted by halogen; R<sup>2</sup> is -S(O)<sub>2</sub>-lower alkyl, -S(O)<sub>2</sub>NH-lower alkyl, NO<sub>2</sub> or CN; R<sup>3</sup> is halogen, CN, lower alkyl, lower alkyl substituted by halogen, NO<sub>2</sub>, -C(O)-lower alkyl or S(O)<sub>2</sub>-lower alkyl; X/X<sup>1</sup> are independently from each other CR<sup>4</sup> or N; R<sup>4</sup> is hydrogen or halogen; n is 0, 1 or 2; and to pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. It has been found that the compounds of general formula (I) are good inhibitors of the glycine transporter 1 (G1yT-1) for the treatment of schizophrenia.
Patent MX-2007008494-A (MX)
Title: Dual-conductor welding gun.
Inventor: GOZALBO JOSE CARLOS MORENO
IPC: H05B7/11
Filed: 2006-03-23
Abstract: The invention relates to a dual-conductor welding gun comprising a torch body (1) and an electronic scale (2) which measures intensity, with sensors (6) that are disposed in each conductor (3) and with means for generating an alarm when an imbalance occurs between the intensities flowing through the conductors. For said purpose, the invention makes use of a microcontroller (5) which is connected to the intensity sensors (6) and the temperature sensors (8) of the conductors, with signal outputs indicating failures or anomalies. The microcontroller (5) program calculates the difference between the magnitudes of the two intensity signals and determines which of the values is greater and, in accordance with pre-determined parameters, emits the corresponding alarm signal.
Patent MX-2007008503-A (MX)
Title: Coating compositions containing rheology control agents.
Inventor: BARSOTTI ROBERT JOHN
IPC: C08G18/77
Filed: 2006-01-13
Abstract: The present invention provides for a coating composition containing a rheology control agent having improved rheology control particularly in low VOC solvent-borne coating compositions and water-borne coating compositions useful for OEM refinishing or repainting the exterior of automobile and truck bodies and parts thereof; the rheology control agent used in the coating composition comprises the following compound represented by the following formula wherein A, B, C and D equal CH<sub>2</sub>, CHR, NH, or O, and A, B, C and D may be the same or different and at least one of A and B equals NH and at least one of C and D equals NH; and wherein R<sub>1</sub>, R<sub>2</sub>, and R<sub>3</sub> are described in the specification.
Patent MX-2007010037-A (MX)
Title: Antiangiogenic agents with aldesleukin.
Inventor: DENIS-MIZE KIMBERLY
IPC: A61P35/00
Filed: 2006-02-17
Abstract: The present invention relates to combination therapies with IL-2 compositions and antiangiogenic agents for the treatment of cancer. Further provided are methods of alleviating toxicities and increasing the efficacy associated with the administration of IL-2 compositions or antiangiogenic compositions.
Patent MX-2007010820-A (MX)
Title: Method and plant for the preparation of a material having asphaltic and calorific properties based on oxidised, heavy or ultra heavy crude oil.
Inventor: DAVILA VICENTE GONZALEZ
IPC: C10C3/00
Filed: 2007-09-05
Abstract: Described are a method and plant for the preparation of a material with asphaltic and calorific properties using oxidised, heavy or ultra heavy crude oil. The purpose of the present invention is to produce materials having asphaltic and calorific properties using oxidised, heavy or ultra heavy crude oil by means of washing, sediment separation, dehydration, oxidation and additive mixture processes. The aforementioned process is achieved by equipments developed for improving the physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons by heating and washing them with surfactants and mechanically agitating them in a heating hopper, the sediments being subsequently reduced in the centrifuge machine. The previous stage is followed by pumping the hydrocarbons containing water towards a dehydrating dam which purpose is to reduce the water content at the maximum extent. The hydrocarbons are then led to the oxidising step in an oxidising tank using additives for obtaining a product with asphaltic and calorific properties which may be used as a final product or as an asphaltic substance upon being mixed with emulsifying additives using a pumping equipment after the product is exited from the oxidising tank. All the obtained products may be directly loaded to auto tanks or stored in tanks right after the process has finished. The present invention is therefore useful for transforming an environmental problem, caused by the oil which may not be processed or the process thereof results expensive, into an opportunity for producing useful materials.
Patent MX-2007011629-A (MX)
Title: Coating compositions for marking substrates.
Inventor: CAMPBELL JONATHAN
IPC: C07F7/08
Filed: 2006-03-13
Abstract: The present invention provides coating compositions for marking substrates, which comprises a colour former, an amine salt of an organic metal compound, a binder, a solvent, and optionally additional components, wherein the amine salt of the organic metal compound is of formula (I) in which X is silicon or boron, and E and F are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h in which R<sup>6</sup> and R<sup>7</sup> are the same or different are hydrogen, C<sub>1-4</sub>-alkyl, C<sub>1-4</sub>-alkoxy, halogen, amino or carboxy, and for X = silicon o = 1 and p = 0, and R<sup>1</sup> is aryl, aralkyl or C<sub>1-4</sub>-alkyl, or o = 1 and p = 1 , and R<sup>1</sup> and R<sup>2</sup> together form a one residue selected from the group consisting of a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h, and for X = boron o= 0 and p = 0, and R<sup>3</sup>, R<sup>4</sup> and R<sup>5</sup> are the same or different and are hydrogen, C<sub>1-12</sub>-alkyl, C<sub>1-6</sub>-hydroxyalkyl, allyl, aralkyl or arylsulfonyl, in which aralkyl or arylsulfonyl can be substituted with C<sub>1-4</sub>-alkyl, or R<sup>3</sup> and R<sup>4</sup> together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholino or piperidino ring. The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of the composition of the present invention, substrates coated with these compositions, a process for preparing coated substrates, a process for preparing a marked substrate using these compositions, a marked substrate obtainable by the latter process and amine salts of the organic metal compounds of formula I.
Patent MX-2007012117-A (MX)
Title: Cleaning system and method for continuous emissions monitoring equipment.
Inventor: MOLAISON JENNIFER LYNN
IPC: B08B7/00
Filed: 2007-09-28
Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning a continuous emissions monitor system that is in fluid communication with a flue stack conducting exhaust gas from a combustion source. The apparatus comprises a housing and a probe mounted in the housing. The probe is tubular and in fluid communication with the flue stack to acquire a sample of gas from the flue stack. The probe tends to have deposits from the exhaust gas accumulate on the inner walls of the probe. A device imparts cleaning energy to the probe for dislodging accumulated deposits from the inner walls of the probe.
Patent MX-2007012752-A (MX)
Title: Thermal liquefiying apparatus and thermal liquefying method.
Inventor: KURATA TAISHI
IPC: C08J11/12
Filed: 2005-10-12
Abstract: A thermal liquefying apparatus having an improved efficiency of heating the inputted material by efficiently causing natural convection in the vessel. The inside of the vessel (2) is so constituted in a closed loop that a heating medium (7) vertically circulates. A heating gas passage (5) comprises a lower heating section (21) for heating the heating medium (7) in a lower reservoir section (11), and a side heating section (22) for heating the heating medium (7) in a first side section (12) heated in the lower reservoir section (11). The material (1) is heated in the first side section (12) and introduced into the heating medium (7) flowing through a second side section (13) toward the lower reservoir section (11) and accelerates circulation of the heating medium (7). In the heat exchanger tube (14a), the material (1) boils to generate a circulation driving force of the heating medium (7).
Patent MX-2007013602-A (MX)
Title: Color clustering technique for matching refinish paints.
Inventor: RODRIGUES ALLAN BLASE JOSEPH
IPC: G01J3/46
Filed: 2006-05-04
Abstract: A process for refinishing or repainting a damaged paint area of a vehicle or part thereof using a computer-implemented method to determine a refinish paint formula that can be matched to the color of the original paint; in this process: a) the color data values of the original paint to be matched are determined; b) the color data values are entered into a computer containing a color cluster data base and color clusters each having a centroid and a refinish paint formula associated with each centroid; c) the color data values of the original paint are positioned in a color cluster via computer implementation and a refinish paint associated with the centroid of the color cluster having color characteristics close to the color characteristics of the original paint is obtained; and d) spray applying the refinish paint of step c) to the damaged paint area using conventional techniques thereby matching the color characteristics of the refinish paint to the undamaged original paint of the vehicle.
Patent MX-2007016230-A (MX)
Title: Inhibition of osteolytic lesions by src kinase inhibitors.
Inventor: DARNAY BRYANT G
IPC: A61K31/44
Filed: 2006-06-16
Abstract: The present invention include methods and compositions for treating bone-resorbing diseases or bone resorption related to a pathologic condition generally, including, but not limited to osteoporosis, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer metastases to the bone, bone cancer, hypercalcemia, osteolytic lesions with orthopedic implants, Paget's disease, and bone loss associated with hyperparathyroidism. Representative cancers include, but are not limited to breast cancer, prostrate cancer, colon cancer, endometrial cancer, multiple myeloma, renal cell carcinoma, heck and neck cancers, and cervical carcinoma. Arthritic conditions include, but are not limited to adjuvant-, collagen-, bacterial- and antigen-induced arthritis, particularly rheumatoid arthritis.
Patent MX-2008000569-A (MX)
Title: Coding dependency indication in scalable video coding.
Inventor: WANG YE-KUI
IPC: H04N7/26
Filed: 2006-07-05
Abstract: A method of encoding and decoding a scalable video data stream comprising a base layer and at least one enhancement layer. A scalable data stream is encoded, wherein the data stream includes at least one non-required picture in a temporal location of a layer wherein decoding of pictures in an upper layer at and succeeding the said temporal location in decoding order does not require said non-required picture, and wherein information of the at least one non-required picture is signalled in the scalable video data stream. In the decoding phase, the signalled information is decoded and pictures in a layer above the non-required picture at and succeeding the said temporal location in decoding order are decoded without decoding said non-required picture.
Patent MX-2008002728-A (MX)
Title: Needle assembly for a prefilled syringe system.
Inventor: FABIAN ARTHUR
IPC: A61M5/32
Filed: 2006-08-03
Abstract: A needle assembly (10; 210) for a prefilled injection syringe is described. A needle holder (12; 212) has a needle (14; 214) secured to it and is adapted to be secured to a syringe barrel of the injection syringe. A needle sheath (16; 216) has a distal end forming a releasable sterile seal with the needle holder (12; 212), and surrounds and shields the needle (14; 214) . A needle seal (18; 218) surmounts the needle tip and is arranged at least in part in the proximal end of the needle sheath (16; 216) and closed off by a closure element (20; 220) . A closure connection between the closure element (20; 220) and the needle sheath (16; 216) is configured as a non-releasable and sterile barrier (54; 254) produced by means of bonding or welding.
Patent MX-2008011258-A (MX)
Title: Quinazoline derivatives as phosphodiesterase 10 inhibitors.
Inventor: HOPPER ALLEN T
IPC: C07D407/14
Filed: 2007-03-06
Abstract: The present invention if directed to certain quinazoline compounds that are PDE10 inhibitors, pharmaceutical compounds containing the same and processes for preparing the same. The invention is also directed to methods of treating diseases treatable by PDE10 enzyme such as obesity, non-insulin dependent diabetes, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the like.
Patent MX-2008012866-A (MX)
Title: Laminated biosensor and its manufacturing method.
Inventor: DENG DAVID Z
IPC: G01N27/327
Filed: 2007-04-06
Abstract: A biosensor having a first conductive component is described, wherein the first conductive component includes at least one boundary formed by a first processing technique and at least one boundary formed by a second processing technique not the same as the first processing technique. The biosensor can also have a second conductive component including at least one boundary formed by the first processing technique and at least one boundary formed by a third processing technique not the same as the first processing technique. Further, the biosensor has a third conductive component including at least one boundary formed by the second processing technique and at least one boundary formed by the third processing technique not the same as the second processing technique.
Patent MX-2009000003-A (MX)
Title: Organic compounds and methods.
Inventor: GRAB WILLI
IPC: A23L27/20
Filed: 2007-07-25
Abstract: A method of using organic compounds and providing slow release flavoring in or for food products wherein flavor precursors are added to flavor compositions and/or food products and release flavor compounds upon consumption of the food products, and novel flavor precursor compounds. The flavor precursors can be prepared from mono- and/or diglycerides and lactone flavor compounds.
Patent MX-2009001100-A (MX)
Title: Nonwoven web comprising polyarenazole microfibers and process for making same.
Inventor: BATES WILLIAM D
IPC: D04H1/42
Filed: 2007-07-26
Abstract: Provided is a fiber web comprising polymer fiber having an average fiber diameter of about 20 to 5000 nm, where the polymer fiber comprises a polyarenazole polymer having an inherent viscosity of greater than about 20g/dl and the fiber web has a basis weight of from about 0.1 to 200 grams per square meter. Also provided are articles comprising such webs and methods of preparing such webs.
Patent MX-2009004624-A (MX)
Title: Selective reduction of spinosyn factors et-j and et-l to spinetoram.
Inventor: MOLZAHN DAVID C
IPC: C07H17/08
Filed: 2007-11-02
Abstract: Spinetoram is selectively produced in excellent yields by hydrogenating a mixture of 3'-O-ethyl spinosyn J and 3'-O-ethyl spinosyn L in a water miscible organic solvent using hydrogen gas and a heterogeneous catalyst.
Patent MX-2009005734-A (MX)
Title: Laccase mediators and methods of use.
Inventor: WANG HUAMING
IPC: D06L4/40
Filed: 2007-12-12
Abstract: Novel laccase mediators, including carboxyamido and cyano derivatives of 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol that exhibit improved hydrolytic stability and good bleaching performance. The novel laccase enzymes may be employed in conjunction with the 2,6-dimethoxyphenol derivatives of this invention to provide an improved method for bleaching denim fabrics.
Patent MX-2009006887-A (MX)
Title: IgA PRODUCTION PROMOTER.
Inventor: HACHIMURA SATOSHI
IPC: A61K35/747
Filed: 2007-12-18
Abstract: Disclosed is a bacterium belonging to the genus Lactobacillus, which can enhance the function of a Peyer's patch to stimulate the production of IgA and can colonize in a human intestinal tract. Also disclosed is an IgA production promoter comprising a cell of the bacterium belonging to the genus Lactobacillus as an active ingredient. Specifically disclosed is an IgA production promoter comprising a cell of Lactobacillus amylovorus, particularly a cell of Lactobacillus amylovorus strain CP1750 (FERM BP-10532), as an active ingredient.
Patent MX-2009009944-A (MX)
Title: Industrial fabric having a thermochromic sensor.
Inventor: O'CONNOR JOSEPH G
IPC: D01F6/44
Filed: 2008-02-29
Abstract: The present invention is directed to endless belts and fabrics incorporating thermochromic material such as polythiophene for use as a process control aid which can be used in thermal profiling of industrial thermal process, the industrial fabrics used in such a process, the manufacture of the industrial fabrics thereof and/or the products produced or carried thereon.
Patent MX-2009011786-A (MX)
Title: Blocking and stain resistant surface treated articles and methods for making.
Inventor: LAU WILLIE
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 2009-10-30
Abstract: The present invention provides surface treated articles comprising a recoatable surface treatment of an acrylic or vinyl polymer that does not change the appearance of the treated surface, and which imparts blocking resistance and/or stain and dirt pickup resistance to the treated surface. The one or more acrylic or vinyl polymer has a number average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 100,000, a glass transition temperature of ???10?? C. or higher, preferably, 30?? C. or higher, and comprises the polymerization product of one or more non-ionic monomer, such as methyl methacrylate, with up to 47 wt. % of an ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer and, preferably, is non-migrating under use conditions. When dry, the surface treatments may form a layer of domains of polymer distributed all over the treated surface, rather than a film. Treated articles include coating or painted articles and elastomer films exhibiting blocking and stain resistance, and uncoated wood, glass, metal or plastic articles and laminates, such as countertops, exhibiting stain and dirt pickup resistance.
Patent MX-2009013601-A (MX)
Title: Process for polymerising l-(+)-lactic acid.
Inventor: GALLEGOS JESUS ANGEL VALENCIA
IPC: C08F2/00
Filed: 2009-12-11
Abstract: The present invention is focused in a process for polymerising L-(+)-lactic acid from an aqueous solution of L-(+)-lactic acid. The first step of the process consists in separating the water contained in the initial solution by an azeotropic distillation catalysed by a metallic tin in order to obtain linear oligomers of L-(+)-lactic acid of a low molecular weight. In the second step the polymerisation of said oligomers is performed using 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as a catalyst and N,N-Dicyclohexyl dimethyl carbodiimide (DCC) as a dehydrating agent. The byproducts are the polymer of the L-(+)-lactic acid, called polylactic acid or PLA, and N,N'-dicyclohexylurea (DCU). The last step comprises the purification of the polylactic acid(PLA).