baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-775312-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of aromatic hydroxyaldehydes
Filed: 1954-08-25
Abstract: Aromatic hydroxyaldehydes are prepared by subjecting an aromatic aldehyde substituted in the nucleus by a halogen atom or by a nitro or sulphonic acid group, or a substitution product thereof, for a few minutes in an aqueous alkaline medium to a temperature of 150-300 DEG C. in a closed vessel, immediately cooling the reaction mixture and recovering an aromatic hydroxyaldehyde therefrom.  The reaction time is generally between 1 and 10 minutes.  Catalysts such as cobalt, copper or nickel, or compounds thereof may be added to the reaction mixture.  The reaction may be carried out batchwise or continuously. Starting materials specified in addition to those mentioned in examples are 2:5- and 2:6-dichlorobenzaldehydes, 2:4:5 - and 2:4:6 - trichlorobenzaldehydes, 2 - chloro - 4 - nitrobenzaldehyde, 1 - naphthaldehyde - 2 - or 4 - sulphonic-acid and 2-naphthaldehyde-1-sulphonic acid.  Suitable alkalies are the hydroxides, oxides, carbonates and bicarbonates of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, ammonia and ethylenediamine.  In examples: (1) salicylaldehyde is prepared by treating o-chloro- or bromo-benzaldehyde with sodium carbonate solution; (2) p - hydroxybenzaldehyde is obtained by treating p-chlorobenzaldehyde as in (1); (3) m-hydroxybenzaldehyde is prepared by treating m - chlorobenzaldehyde with potassium hydroxide solution, m-chlorobenzoic acid also being formed; (4) salicylaldehyde is prepared by treating benzaldehyde-o-sulphonic acid with potassium hydroxide solution; (5) salicylaldehyde is prepared by treating o-nitrobenzaldehyde with sodium hydroxide solution; (6) 4-chlorobenzaldehyde - 2 - sulphonic acid is treated with potassium carbonate solution to give 4-chlorosalicylaldehyde together with 2:4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde as by-products, the 4-chlorosalicylaldehyde being converted (a) into its oxime and (b) by reaction with aniline and ethylene diamine into the corresponding azomethines; (7) 2:4-dichlorobenzaldehyde is treated with potassium carbonate solution to give 4-chlorosalicylaldehyde and 2-chloro-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde together with 2:4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde as by-product, the 2-chloro-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde being converted into (a) its semicarbazone and (b) an azomethine with aniline; (8) 4 - aminobenzaldehyde - 2 - sulphonic acid is treated with potassium hydroxide solution to give 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde which is converted (a) to 4-chlorosalicylaldehyde by the Sandmeyer reaction, and (b) to 2:4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde by diazotization and heating the diazo compound in aqueous sulphuric acid; (9) 4 - diethyl - or dimethyl - amino - benzaldehyde - 2 - sulphonic acid is treated with sodium hydroxide solution to give p-diethyl- or dimethyl-aminosalicylaldehyde.
Patent GB-306522-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in production of plastics and elastic substances and methods of making the same
IPC: C08G8/00
Filed: 1928-08-28
Abstract: 306,522. Kemikal, Inc., (Assignees of Mellanoff, I. S.). Feb. 23, 1928, [Convention date]. Phenol-aldehyde condensation products.-Plastic compositions are obtained by the interaction of an alkaline solution of peat, a phenol, which includes phenol and its homologues or derivatives or mixtures thereof, and an aldehyde, such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or homologues or polymerized forms of formaldehyde. The reaction is begun at room temperature, and completed by heating. The product increases in viscosity, finally becoming insoluble and infusible. While in the viscous stage, the material may be moulded, with or without the addition of suitable fillers, and the process completed with the aid of heat or combined heat and pressure.
Patent GB-1152683-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Electrical Resistance Elements
IPC: H01C10/00
Filed: 1966-06-03
Abstract: 1,152,683. Potentiometers. MICRO-ELECTRIC A.G. 3 June, 1966 [4 June, 1965; 3 May, 1966], No. 24753/66. Heading H1S. To reduce variations in contact resistance a cermet resistance element for a potentiometer has a component of noble metal or an alloy of such metal as well as a component of common metal or of silicon or a chromium-silicon compound. The cermet may be applied to a heated (400 C.) base of glass, beryllium oxide or aluminium oxide sintering compound by coating in a vacuum using a finely atomized mixture of the various necessary ingredients supplied from one or two sources. The noble metal may be included at this stage, in which case it is distributed throughout the cermet or, in a second method, it may be applied subsequently as a film (100 ) to the cermet and diffused into its surface by vacuum annealing at 400-600 C. The cermet element is aged by heat treatment, this being done in the second method before the noble metal film is added. The materials forming the cermet include various combinations of some or all of the following: silicon, chromium, chromium oxide, silicon oxide, chromium silicide, silicon monoxide, silicon dioxide, chromium silicate &c. and gold. Comparative details of resistance, noise and wear for chromium-silicon oxide films with and without gold are given.
Patent GB-694972-A (GB)
Title: Line-terminating circuit
Inventor: BEVOORT CORNELIS
IPC: H04B3/20
Filed: 1950-10-10
Abstract: 694,972. Two-way transmission. STAATSBEDRIJF DER POSTERIJEN TELEGRAFIE EN TELEFONIE. Oct. 10, 1950 [Oct. 11, 1949], No. 24767/50. Class 40 (iv). A line terminating circuit for connecting a two-wire line to an outgoing or incoming channel of a four-wire line through a hybrid transformer is arranged so that the incoming channel is normally operative and the outgoing channel is blocked, the condition being reversed in the presence of speech in the outgoing channel and the absence of speech in the incoming channel. Incoming speech or signals are fed to hybrid transformer HC after amplification at OV and V3, being transmitted by HC to an operator's set SR. Outgoing speech passes through a level controller AR, described in Specification 683,726, [Group XXXV], a limiter B and amplifiers V2, ZV. Differential switch DF is normally biased by the energization of winding c of relay PRI to block the outgoing channel, but in the absence of incoming speech, outgoing speech causes DF to block the incoming channel and open the outgoing channel by operating relays PRII, PRIV, which increase the attenuation of switches Sl3, Sl4 and decrease that of Sl1, Sl2. This is achieved by level rectifiers VGIV, VGV which energize opposed windings a, b respectively of PRI, current being cut off from the windings a, b if speech occurs in the outgoing or incoming channel, respectively. The winding c biases relay PRI in favour of the incoming channel by being fed by limiter B, the current through c determining the threshold of the limiter at which contacts prI shall operate, so that the outgoing channel shall be broken intermittently to prevent over-modulation of a radio transmitter. The level rectifiers VGIV, VGV are provided with delay circuits favouring blocking of the channels and opening the incoming channel more rapidly than the outgoing channel. Keys S2, S3 can insert an inversion or a split band secrecy device PRV1, PRV2 into either channel. Key S1 can be used to change the control of the channels from automatic to manual. Lamps Z, O indicate which channel is in use. A monitoring set MLK is provided. A noise suppressor GRO in the incoming channel cuts out an attenuator X only when the speech level is sufficient to operate relay GO.
Patent GB-799300-A (GB)
Title: Method of disintegrating bales of hard pressed textile fibrous material
Inventor: FRASER HUGH
IPC: D01G7/00
Filed: 1955-08-30
Abstract: 799,300. Opening bales of fibrous materials. FRASER & SONS, Ltd., D. Aug. 14, 1956 [Aug. 30, 1955], No. 24824/55. Class 120(3) A bale consisting of a series of laminations of hard pressed textile fibrous material is disintegrated by applying pressure steadily to opposed edge portions of the bale in the direction of the laminations parallel to the planes of cleavage, so that the laminations act as a plurality of struts and separate by buckling. The bale 1 may be arranged with laminations vertical and fed intermittently by a horizontally reciprocable ram 8 to a press in which pressure is applied to the bale by a platen 5 movable vertically towards and away from a bedplate 6. Alternatively, the bale may be fed between pairs of vertically spaced rollers arranged in tandem, the roller spacing decreasing progressively.
Patent GB-221963-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in treasury and bank note change tills
IPC: G07D9/00
Filed: 1923-10-05
Abstract: 221,963. Norton, E. W. Oct. 5, 1923 Money-delivering apparatus.-A cabinet comprising a base part a having compartments b, c for piles of coins has a hinged lid a<1> carrying spring clips e for treasury notes, each clip e corresponding to a particular compartment b or c. The compartments b, c are formed by receptacles d formed of bent strips of metal or otherwise. The lower faces d<1> of the receptacles slope backwards and are of a width less than the coins so that the edges of the coins project and facilitate handling; alternatively, the lower faces d<1> may be provided with an open slot in a central position for this purpose. The lid or cover a<1> may be turned down and locked when the cabinet is not in use.
Patent GB-413141-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in soldering fluxes
IPC: B23K35/36
Filed: 1933-09-07
Abstract: A soldering flux for use in soldering metals such as aluminium and aluminium alloys, copper and copper alloys, or in joining dissimilar metals such as aluminium to copper, brass, iron, or steel, contains as essential ingredients stannous bromide and cadmium chloride. Other salts such as cadmium iodide, ammonium chloride, fluorides such as ammonium fluoride, and zinc chloride or zinc bromide or a mixture of the chloride and bromide may be added.  The preferred proportions of the various salts and several specific examples of fluxes are given.  The soldering of connections to aluminium cable by dipping the cable first in the flux mixture and then in molten solder is referred to.  The fluxes may be mixed with a vehicle, which may be one of the vehicles described in Specification 413,519, for example a mixture of chlorinated diphenyl, chlorinated naphthalene, and paradichlorbenzene.
Patent GB-813335-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in 17-aromatic sulfonate-16-hydroxy steroids
IPC: C07J31/00
Filed: 1956-03-12
Abstract: The invention comprises 5 - androstene - 3,16,17 - triol - 17 - p - toluenesulphonate, 1,3,5(10) - estratriene - 3,16,17 - triol - 3,17 - di-(p - toluenesulphonate), 3 - methoxy - 1,3,5(10)-estratriene - 16,17 - diol - 17 - p - toluenesulphonate and 3-methoxy-1,3,5(10)-estratriene-16-acetoxy-17-p-toluenesulphonate, and a process for the preparation of 17-aromatic sulphonate - 16 - hydroxy - steroids by reacting an aryl sulphonyl halide with a 17-hydroxy-16-keto-steroid of the general formula: <FORM:0813335/IV (b)/1> wherein ring A represents a ring having no double bond, or one, two or three double bonds, ring B represents a ring having no double bond or one or two double bonds, Y represents hydrogen or a methyl group when C10 carbon is not joined by a double bond to another carbon atom, and X represents a hydroxy, acyloxy or ether group, to form the corresponding 17-aromatic sulphonate-16-keto-steroid and reducing the said sulphonate with an alkali metal aluminium hydride or an alkali metal borohydride. The above process may be modified in that in the case where the 17-hydroxy-16-keto-steroid reactant of the above general formula contains a free hydroxy group at the 3-position, the aromatic sulphonate group present at the 3-position resulting from the reaction with an aryl sulphonyl halide is selectively hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to a hydroxy group prior to the reduction step. The above process may also be extended by acetylating the hydroxy group at the 16-position.  The aryl sulphonyl halide may be p-toluene sulphonyl chloride.  Suitable reducing agents specified are lithium aluminium hydride and sodium borohydride.  In the examples the four compounds referred to as above as forming part of the invention and 3-methoxy-5-androstene - 16,17 - diol - 17 - p - toluenesulphonate are prepared. Specification 813,334 is referred to.
Patent GB-995089-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to heating means
IPC: H05B3/66
Filed: 1961-07-12
Abstract: 995,089. Mounting electric heating elements. SOUTH OF SCOTLAND ELECTRICITY BOARD, and R. McGLASHEN. July 12, 1961, No. 25175/61. Heading H5H. A strip resistance heating element, for use in furnaces or for stress relief, is both suspended and insulated from a support by a plurality of suspension members attached to the strip, at fixed points along its length, and pivotally attached to the support such that they are upwardly divergent when the strip is cold, whereby to reduce the strain in the strip when it is at operating temperature. Suspension members 4 include insulators 3 connected between link members 7, themselves connected to support 2 and to resistance strip 1, or to discs 6 attached to strip 1. Current supply bars are connected directly to the strip 1, and may be spaced more than 200 feet apart.
Patent GB-951645-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sheets adapted for producing copies without the use of carbon papers, and the manufacture thereof
IPC: B41M5/10
Filed: 1960-07-19
Abstract: In sheets for producing copies, each sheet has a backing support and a substantially wax-free and oil-free dye layer, the dye-delivery side of one sheet is adjacent the dye-receiving side of the next sheet, and there is provided on the dye-delivery side or on the dye-receiving side, a layer of adhesive plastics material so that dye particles transferred to the dye-receiving sheet under the influence of pressure adhere to the surface thereof in a firm and non-staining manner by means of the adhesive plastics material.  The adhesive plastics material may be provided alone or in combination with additives such as binding or softening agents.  The adhesive plastics materials should be such that they do not adhere under influence of a weak surface pressure, e.g. finger pressure, but develop an intense adhesive power when subjected to an increased pressure exerted by a mechanical instrument.  The backing support may be composed of paper, plastic, glass, viscose, cellulose-derived or metal foils, including webs, rolls and folded e.g. zig-zag, and multi-layer sheets; these may be rendered opaque and only partly covered by dye-delivering and dye-receiving layers.  An interposed layer of white pigment may be placed under the dye-delivering or dye-receiving layer so that the colour does not shine through to the other side.  Adhesive plastics materials specifically mentioned: polyethylene; polyvinyl alcohols, ethers, acetates, acetals, propionates, propionales, butyrates, butyrales, and chlorides or copolymerisates of these; acrylates, methacrylates; polystyrenes; polyamides; polypropylene; alkyd resins and phthalate plastics; and cellulose derivatives.  According to examples, the layer of adhesive plastic material consisted of (i) a dispersion in carbon tetrachloride or light benzine of polyethylenes of molecular weights between ca. 1500-2000 having, in general, melting temperatures of about 90-110 DEG C., or mixtures of softer or harder polyethylenes, or (ii) included the following ingredients: lithopone, silicic acid, polystyrene, dibutyl phthalate and ethyl acetate, and was applied to the extent of 1-2 grams per square metre of surface.  Ingredients for the dye-delivering layer included: black oxide of iron, silicic acid, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl methylether, oleyl alcohol, methyl and ethyl alcohols and ethyl acetate.  Ingredients for the dye-receiving layer included: titanium dioxide silicic acid polyvinyl methyl ether and methyl alcohol.  In certain examples, the dye-receiving layer was provided with a thin covering of polyethylene glycol instead of the adhesive plastics material.
Patent GB-1035182-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to crates for bottles or other containers
Inventor: WALKER JAMES STEWART
IPC: B65D1/24
Filed: 1961-07-12
Abstract: 1,035,182. Bottle crates. PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO. Oct. 9, 1962 [July 12, 1961], No. 25203/61. Heading B8P. A bottle crate of a plastics material produced by blow moulding or rotational casting has a height such that it accommodates substantially the whole height of the bottle, and has incorporated therein container locating means 9. The container locating means may be integral or separate. The vertical walls have hand holes 5 and 6 and are rolled over as at 7 to strengthen the end walls. The bottom walls are shaped as at 8 for stacking purposes and have drainage holes. In modifications the side walls may be corrugated, the container locating means may be a grid and the open top may be provided with at least one integral crossmember which is U-shape in cross-section.
Patent GB-484776-A (GB)
Title: Improved elastic thread and process for making same
IPC: B29D99/00
Filed: 1937-09-17
Abstract: 484,776. Rubber threads. INTERNATIONAL LATEX PROCESSES, Ltd. Sept. 17, 1937, No. 25254. Convention date, Sept. 23, 1936. [Class 70] Rubber thread of circular cross-section is produced with transverse corrugations which may completely encircle the thread or may be confined to one or more sectors of the periphery of the thread, these sectors being parallel to the axis of the thread or helicoidal. The thread may be produced by extruding an aqueous dispersion of rubber through a nozzle which is made to vibrate in a direction either transverse or longitudinal to the flow of the dispersion, by mechanical, magnetic, or electromagnetic means. More than one vibrating device may be used and they may also rotate around the nozzle with continuous or alternating motion. As shown, the vibrating device is a hammer 10 actuated by an eccentric shaft 9 and held in contact with it by springs 11. The interference of secondary vibrations is prevented by attaching the spinning nozzle 3 to the frame 12 by means of an elastic connection 6 which acts as a vibration damper. Although the invention is primarily concerned with cylindrical threads, it is also applicable to threads in the form of strips or tubing &c. If desired, the strips, while still tacky, may be twisted into solid thread of circular crosssection.
Patent GB-1463810-A (GB)
Title: Aircraft
IPC: B64D27/20
Filed: 1974-05-23
Abstract: 1463810 Deflecting aircraft engine noise BRITISH AIRCRAFT CORP Ltd 23 May 1974 [25 May 1973] 25309/73 Heading B7G An aircraft has a fuselage 1, a low mounted wing 2 with lift increasing flaps 2a, a tailplane 3 and a centrally mounted fin 4. Jet propulsion engines 6 are mounted in close juxtaposition with protective fairings above the upper part of the fuselage and are so arranged between the trailing edge of the wing and the leading edge of the tailplane that when the flaps 2a are extended a substantial part of the noise from the air intakes 7 and exhaust outlets 8 is deflected from its downward path. In another embodiment the last-mentioned engine/fin arrangement is associated with a high wing layout. In a further arrangement having twin fins, each fin is positioned laterally outboard of an engine thereby restricting lateral transmission of engine noise.
Patent GB-257117-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to flyer-spinning and similar machines
IPC: D01H7/40
Filed: 1925-10-12
Abstract: 257,117. Smith, W. Prince-, and Waterhouse, D. Oct. 12, 1925. Spindle apparatus. - Wharls for flyer spinning and like machines are formed with a downwardly-flaring internal surface which is such that the yarn extending from the poteye to the flyer leg makes no contact therewith. In the arrangement shown, the wharl is provided with a bush 6 which carries the inner race of the ball bearing, the outer race being carried in a bush 10 secured in a rail or in a separate bracket by a cap 12 in which a porcelain or like eye 16 is eccentrically mounted. The flyer is screwed on a depending neck 2 of the wharl, in which the spindle is secured frictionally or otherwise.
Patent GB-1578279-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for providing ground settling of the support plate of a shell thrower
IPC: F41F1/06
Filed: 1977-06-17
Abstract: In order to fire the settling mortar shell, said shell is inserted into the barrel (1) of the mortar from above. When the firing pin (15) strikes the explosive capsule (14) of the mortar shell, the explosive charge (16) is detonated. This causes ignition of the powder charge (17), the sealing disc (18) bursting and burning or being pulverised. At the same time, there is strong recoil which is transmitted via the base (12) of the mortar shell and the base part (2) of the mortar to the base plate (4) which sinks further into the ground under this force. The explosion gases which flow out through the nozzle (13) have a very high speed. They are driven out through the barrel (1) of the mortar. They represent a flame which can be several metres long. Said flame is, however, not high enough to be able to observed from a long distance. It can also not be detected in the enemy radar. The casing 11 of the settling mortar shell can be pulled out of the barrel (1) by means of a suitable tool which is placed on the shoulder (19) of the nozzle (13). This settling mortar shell allows the base plate of a mortar to be settled without this being detectable by means of radar or similar means. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-1319199-A (GB)
Title: Pipeline laying system utilizing an inclined ramp
IPC: F16L1/19
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1319199 Clamps BROWN & ROOT INC 19 April 1971 [15 April 1970] 25618/71 Heading E2B [Also in Division F2] A pipeline, being fed into water from a barge by means of an inclined ramp, is clamped near its end, during attachment of further pipe sections, by a fixed clamp 38 comprising three interconnected jaws 176, 178, 180 closed by rotation of a shaft having opposed threads 212, 218, operated by a motor 216. The shaft passes through longitudinal blocks 200, 220 coupled at each end by shafts to brackets at each end of the lower jaws 178, 180. The clamp is capable of minute longitudinal movement to maintain a predetermined tension in the pipe by means of a load cell coupled to the clamp.
Patent GB-797787-A (GB)
Title: Improved parallel rule
IPC: B43L7/04
Filed: 1956-08-22
Abstract: 797,787. Parallel rulers. McINTOSH, I. A. Aug. 22, 1956 [Aug. 25, 1955], No. 25705/56. Class 97(3) A parallel ruler has two pairs of supporting rollers mounted in the bottom, one pair being adjacent each end thereof said rollers having arcuate tread surfaces, the rollers of each pair being mounted on perpendicular axes in a supporting member which is mounted for rotation about an axis perpendicular to the roller axes, said arcuate tread surfaces being concentric with the axis of rotation of the supporting member and the axial length of the rollers being such that the surfaces of a pair provide a continuous rolling surface for the supporting member. In the form shown the body of the ruler is formed with a cavity 10 in which a tubular shaft 18 is mounted on adjustable conical bearings 20. The shaft is slotted at each end at 23, 24 to accommodate rollers 27 carried on perpendicular transverse axles 32. The rollers provide for longitudinal as well as transverse movement of the ruler. Each is formed with a track 29 for balls 36 which run between cylindrical blocks 30, 30a carried on the axles 32 and adjustable by screws 34, 35. In another embodiment the rollers are mounted on plain bearings. The body of the ruler has a ledge 13 with clips 16 for a scale 15.