Patent GB-1073988-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing steroid compounds, and the compounds thus prepared
IPC: C07J5/00
Filed: 1964-08-07
Abstract: The invention comprises pregn-4-en-3-ones of the general formula <FORM:1073988/C2/1> wherein X1 is an ethylidene group or an a -hydroxy -b -acetyl group with the hydroxyl group optionally esterified, the 10,11-lactones of 11b -hydroxy - 19 - nor pregnane 10b  - carboxylic acids of the general formula <FORM:1073988/C2/2> wherein X2 is a keto group with a conjugated 4(5)-double bond when X3 is an a -hydroxy-b -hydroxyacetyl group; or X2 is a ketal group with an associated 5(6)-double bond when X3 is an ethylidene group, an a -hydroxy-b -acetyl group, an a -hydroxy-b -di-iodoacetyl group or an a -hydroxy-b -acyloxy acetyl group, 10b -n-propyl-19-nor -pregnanes of the general formula <FORM:1073988/C2/3> wherein X4 is a keto group with a conjugated 4(5)-double bond when X5 is an R1O.CO.CH = group in which R1 is an alkyl group containing up to 6 carbon atoms and X6 is a keto group, or when X5 is an a -hydroxyacetyl group optionally acylated and X6 is an hydroxy group; or X4 is an alkoxy or amine group with conjugated 3(4)-and 5(6)- double bonds when X5 is an R1O.CO. CH = group and X6 is a keto group; or X4 is a ketal group with an associated 5 (6)-double bond when X5 is an R1O.CO.CH = group and X6 is a keto group, or when X5 is a 2-hydroxy­ ethylidene HO.CH2CH = group, a 2-acyloxy­ ethylidene group, or an a -hydroxy-b -acyloxy­ acetyl group and X6 is an hydroxy group and a process for preparing a steroid compound containing a two carbon lateral chain at 17-position on the D-ring, comprising reacting a 17-keto steroid starting material with a carbanionic phosphorus reagent wherein a carbon chain containing two carbon atoms is linked directly with the phosphorus atom and which can exist in basic medium in the form of an ylide of the formula <FORM:1073988/C2/4> or in the form of a carbanion of the type <FORM:1073988/C2/5> (wherein R is the group R1OOC, where R1 is an alkyl group), so as to form a 17(20)-dehydro steroid containing a 21-carbon atom.  As phosphorus reagents there may be used ethylidene-triphenylphosphorane or ethyl o,o-diethylphosphono-acetate. During the reaction, additional keto groups may be protected if necessary, e.g. a 3 - amino - 9b ,10a  - estra - 3,5 - dien - 17 - one, the 10,11-lactone of a 3-alkylenedioxy-11b -hydroxy - estran - 5 - en - 17 - one 10b  - carboxylic acid, a 3-amino androsta-3,5-dien-17-one, a 3-alkoxy - 10b - n - propyl - estr - 3,5 - diene - 11, 17 - dione, a 3 - amino - 10b - n - propyl - estra-3,5 - diene - 11,17 - dione or an adrenosterone enol ether may be employed as starting materials. The 17-ethylidene products obtained using an ethylidene phosphorane, may be converted by oxidative hydroxylation into a 17a -hydroxy-20-keto-pregnane. The 21-alkoxy-carbonyl - 17(20) - dehydro - steroid obtained using an alkyl o,o-dialkylphosphono acetate, may be reduced to form a 21-hydroxy-17(20)-dehydro steroid which may be esterified and oxidatively hydroxylated to form sequentially a 21 - acyloxy - 17(20) - dehydrosteroid and a 21 - acyloxy - 17a  - hydroxy - 20 - keto steroid.