baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-185334-A1 (ES)
Title: Mejoras en modulares del tiempo por impulsos eléctricos
Filed: 1948-09-27
Abstract: Mejoras en moduladores de tiempo por impulsos eléctricos caracterizados por un modulador de tiempo de impulsos eléctricos que comprende un tubo de descarga de gas de cátodo frio que tiene los referidos electrodos una diferencia de potencial menor que el potencial necesario para mantener una descarga a través del espacio medios para aplicar un tren de impulsos a uno de los electrodos siendo cada impulso de una amplitud tal que suba la referida diferencia de potencial a un valor mayor que el necesario para producir una descarga a través del espacio medio para aplicar una onda de señal moduladora a uno de los electrodos para variar la referida diferencia de potencial y medios para derivar impulsos modulados en tiempo de uno de los electrodos.
Patent ES-187149-A1 (ES)
Title: UN PERFECCIONAMIENTO EN LOS CABLES A PRESIoN DEL GAS
Filed: 1949-02-14
Abstract: Perfeccionamiento en los cables eléctricos a presión de gas en los cuales el conductor recubierto de aislante impregnado de mezcla y revestido de una menbrana flexible e impermeable está contenido dentro de un tubo externo con un espacio intermedio lleno de gas a presión caracterizado por el hecho de que sobre la membrana hay aplicado un blindaje metálico que deja descubiertas áreas entre sí separadas en las cuales la membrana por la presión interna. pueda formar bolsas llenas de mezcla.
Patent ES-187243-A1 (ES)
Title: UN DISPOSITIVO DE FRENO PARA VEHiCULOS DE TRACCIoN MECáNICA
Filed: 1949-02-28
Abstract: Dispositivo de freno para vehículos de tracción mecánica caracterizado porque consiste en disponer dentro del tambor de freno de la rueda y montado a fricción suave sobre el manguito del disco un plato dotado de la parte cilíndrica mencionada que roza a fricción sobre el manguito la cual se prolonga en un tronco de cono en cuya periferia van unos alojamientos con una guía o vástago en su centro que en su cara opuesta llevan unos forros de ferodo o análogo; estos discos están solicitados a permanecer separados del tambor por medio de unos resortes helicoidales.
Patent ES-192411-A1 (ES)
Title: Un nuevo sistema de ventas
Filed: 1950-04-04
Abstract: Un nuevo sistema de ventas caracterizado porque consiste en la entrega de una cartilla a la persona que lo desee mediante el pago de 5 pts. en cuya cartilla se destinan las dos primeras páginas a la filiación y otros datos relativos al beneficiario y se acredita anticipadamente el abono en cuenta de pts. 25 que han de figurar como primera partida del capital necesario para adquirir una prenda o mercancía ya convenida cuya adquisición se realizará sin efectuar desembolsos con este sistema.
Patent ES-195745-A1 (ES)
Title: APARATO AUTOMáTICO PARA CORREGIR LA CARBURACIoN EN LOS MOTORES DE EXPLOSIoN Y DE COMBUSTIoN INTERNA
Filed: 1950-12-02
Abstract: Aparato automático para corregir la carburación en los motores de explosión y de combustión interna caracterizado por consistir en un cuerpo que se fija al conducto de aspiración del motor y que forma una entrada para la admisión de aire adicional regulándose la entrada de este aire a través del citado cuerpo mediante una válvula desplazable longitudinalmente en el interior del cuerpo por la acción de un resorte que tiende a mantenerla abierta y por la depresión reinante en el conducto de aspiración que tiende a cerrarla de manera que cuando el motor funciona a marcha lenta no se produce entrada de aire adicional y al aumentar la velocidad y disminuir la depresión va aumentando la entrada de aire.
Patent ES-196579-A1 (ES)
Title: PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA OBTENCIoN DE NUEVAS MATERIAS DE POLIMERIZACIoN.
Filed: 1951-02-16
Abstract: Procedimiento para la obtención de nuevas materias de polimerización por medio del cual se reduce la tendencia a la acumulación de cargas electrostáticas en las materias de polimerización que contienen un polímero o un interpolímero que por lo menos tiene un grupo **(ver fórmula)** por molécula o en los artículos con las mismas fabricados caracterizado par tratarse la materia de polimerización o el artículo con ella fabricado con una poliamida N-alcoximetílica.
Patent ES-197587-A1 (ES)
Title: Una bomba de membrana
Filed: 1951-04-20
Abstract: Bomba de membrana para la elevación o trasiego de toda clase de líquidos caracterizada porque las válvulas de aspiración y de impulsión están dispuestas practicamente en el mismo plano que la membrana comunican la cámara de trabajo con sendas cámaras auxiliares situadas por encima de este plano en las cuales desembocan respectivamente las tuberías de aspiración y de impulsión de tal manera que la cámara de trabajo se encuentra constantemente llena de líquido.
Patent ES-198736-A1 (ES)
Title: UN SISTEMA DE CONSTRUCCIoN DEL BLOQUE DE MOTORES DE ACEITE PESADO, ESPECIALMENTE DEL TIPO DIÉSEL
Filed: 1951-07-10
Abstract: Un sistema de construcción de bloques de motores de aceite pesado especialmente del tipo diesel caracterizado porque las partes principales del bloque con el cilindro la camisa de refrigeración las caras horizontales superior e inferior del bloque la envolvente del mismo el cárter inferior el fondo de éste y los tabiques inclinados que le dan rigidez se hacen de piezas fundidas de acero que se unen entre sí mediante chapas de acero recortadas a forma y soldadas eléctricamente al arco obteniéndose de esta forma el bloque al que por el mismo procedimiento de soldadura al arco eléctrico se le añaden los demás órganos del motor quem en general serán de acero forjado.
Patent ES-253330-A1 (ES)
Title: Production of adipic acid
IPC: C07C/
Filed: 1959-11-11
Abstract: Adipic acid is obtained by reacting cyclohexane with molecular oxygen in a first oxidation zone at an elevated temperature and at a pressure sufficient to maintain the cyclohexane in the liquid phase to oxidise from 3 to 20% of the cyclohexane present and to produce a mixture comprising cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol and unreacted cyclohexane, removing unreacted cyclohexane, and reacting the cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol in admixture in a weight ratio of cyclohexanone to cyclohexanol of at least 2:3 with molecular oxygen in a second oxidation zone at an elevated temperature in the presence of a metal-containing oxidation catalyst. The oxidation in the first zone is preferably carried out at about 150 DEG C. and at a pressure of 150 p.s.i.g. and the conversion of cyclohexane is preferably about 15%. The oxidation temperature in the second oxidation zone may be from 60 DEG to 105 DEG C. and the pressure may be from atmospheric to 1000 p.s.i.g. and should be sufficient to maintain a liquid phase in the oxidation zone and to maintain a partial pressure of oxygen of at least one half atmosphere. The unreacted cyclohexane from the first oxidation zone may be recycled to the first oxidation zone and the residue remaining after separating adipic acid in the second oxidation zone may be recycled to the second oxidation zone. Suitable oxidation catalysts in the second zone are compounds, e.g. the acetates, of manganese, copper, or iron, or mixture thereof. The naphthenates may also be used. The oxidation in the second zone may be carried out in the presence of a substantially inert organic medium, e.g. acetic acid, chlorobenzene, or tertiary butyl alcohol. The mixture of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol obtained in the first oxidation zone may be used as an initiator for the oxidation of cyclohexane in the first oxidation zone. The molecular oxygen used for the oxidation may be in the form of air or other oxygen-containing gas and in an example air is used in the first zone and oxygen in the second zone.
Patent ES-254342-A1 (ES)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the alkylation of aromatic compounds
IPC: C07C2/68
Filed: 1959-12-21
Abstract: Aromatic compounds are alkylated by reaction of an alkylating agent in the presence of a titanium trihalide or the reaction product of a titanium tetrahalide and aluminium. The reaction product is preferably obtained by reacting excess titanium tetrachloride and aluminium in the presence of aluminium chloride or boron trichloride and an inert diluent if desired at 100 DEG C.-250 DEG C., e.g. by refluxing and removing excess titanium tetrachloride by distillation, e.g. after filtering off the solid product. Alkylation of benzene, toluene or cumene with ethylene, propylene, butene-1 or -2, isopropyl chloride or tert butyl chloride is effected in the presence or absence of an inert diluent at a temperature up to 120 DEG C. using an olefin or up to 40 DEG C. using an alkyl halide. The molar concentration of catalyst to aromatic compound may be between 0.01 and 0.5.
Patent ES-311080-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for continuously preparing dyed filaments of acrylonitrile polymers
IPC: D01F6/18
Filed: 1965-03-27
Abstract: A process for continuously preparing dyed filaments of acrylonitrile polymer which comprises (a) wet-spinning an acrylonitrile polymer containing dye receptive groups in the polymer structure to form wet gel filaments, and carrying out the following steps while maintaining the wet gel filaments under tension but without any substantial stretching (b) washing and treating the resulting wet gel filaments, while under tension with a hot aqueous liquid at a temperature higher than the subsequent dyeing temperature, (c) removing substantially all the surface liquid from the wet gel filaments (d) applying to the wet gel filaments a limited amount of dye solution containing a barely sufficient amount of dye to produce the desired shade (e) maintaining the wet gel filaments to hold the dye solution thereon for at least 10 seconds at a temperature lower than that of the preceding washing and treating step (b) to permit substantially complete exhaustion of the dye from the dye solution and (f) heat-treating the dyed wet-gel filaments, the filaments being allowed to travel during processing steps (a) to (f) inclusive and not being impregnated with an excess of the dye solution. Step (b) is preferably carried out at above 50 DEG C and step (f) is performed at a temperature below that of step (b).
Patent ES-333817-A1 (ES)
Title: Method and apparatus for obtaining images from gas detectors by electron avalanches
IPC: H01J47/10
Filed: 1966-11-26
Abstract: A gas-filled radiation detector is operated so that instead of an incident particle or photon of radiation producing a spark, the voltage between the electrodes is reduced to a level such that the incident photon produces an avalanche of electrons without the spark, and the slight luminosity of these phenomena are intensified via a standard photo - electric image intensifier, and the resulting image recorded, e.g. with a photographic camera. In a preferred embodiment (Fig. 2) a radioactive source 16 shielded by a plate 18 is placed in front of a detector A which consists of a sealed chamber containing a thin metallic cathode 6, e.g. a strip of Al foil, an auxiliary electrode 12, in the form of a metallic grid, and a transparent anode 14 having a conductive surface, e.g. a mesh or a conductive glass, all these electrodes being parallel to each other, the chamber being gas-filled, e.g. with a mixture of xenon and methylol having partial pressures of 730 and 30 torr respectively. The cathode 6 is supported by a metal plate 10, having perforations which effectively collimate the beam from source 16, and the chamber has a transparent top closure so the interior is visible. The cathode and plate 10 are at ground potential, whilst auxiliary electrode 12 and anode 14 are respectively coupled to a low voltage source and a high voltage source B.T. and H.T. through resistors 20 and 22. A photon from source 16 incident on cathode 6 gives rise to electrons which pass through grid 12 to initiate avalanche phenomena in the gap, given a suitable potential. The slight luminosity of these phenomena is amplified in an image intensifier being focused on the photo-cathode thereof by lens 30. The resulting intense image on screen 32 may be photographed with camera 24.
Patent ES-334996-A1 (ES)
Title: Polytetrafluoroethylene granular powder and process for its manufacture
IPC: C08J3/12
Filed: 1966-12-27
Abstract: Polytetrafluoroethylene granular powder is manufactured by stirring a polytetrafluoroethylene powder at a temperature in the range of from 20 to 300 C. in the presence of a dispersing agent consisting of an alkane carrying at least two hydroxy and/or amino groups and/or a compound which can be derived from these alkanes by combining them by means of the hydroxy and/or amino groups or mixtures of these compounds. Polytetrafluoroethylenes: (1) an unsintered polytetrafluoroethylene obtained by polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene in an aqueous dispersion and pulverizing the polymerization product, and (2) the product obtained by polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene in the presence of a small quantity of another perfluoro-olefine, e.g. 0.05 to 0.1% of perfluoropropene. Dispersing agents ethylene glycol, propane - diol - (1.2), propane - diol - (1.3), butane-diol-(1.3), butane-diol-(1.4), a pentane diol or triol, glycerol, di-ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, ethanolamine, propanolamine, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine and propylenediamine. The proportion between the polytetrafluoroethylene and the dispersing agent is in the range of from 1:1 to 1:10. The polytetrafluoroethylene is preferably degassed by vacuum prior to the addition of the dispersing agent. The stirring may be carried out in the presence of a liquid which is inert under the reaction conditions, viz., alcohols, esters, nitriles, ketones, aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbons, or water containing specified wetting agents. According to an example, a four-necked flask having a capacity of 4 litres, provided with a stirrer, a cooler and a sump theremometer, was filled with 2 litres of ethylene glycol. 150 ml. of a 20% aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene were first added and then 360 g. of screened polytetrafluoroethylene - suspension polymer powder while stirring moderately. The number of rotations was then increased to 300-400 r.p.m. and the mixture was slowly heated. After a short time and at a temperature slightly above 30 C., an agglomeration of the particles was observed. At the same time, the dispersion disintegrated and its solid portions also precipitated on the suspended polytetrafluoroethylene particles, favouring agglomeration. The mixture was heated to a temperature in the range of from 40 to 50 C. for 1 hour, then cooled. The polytetrafluoroethylene granules obtained were separated, washed and dried.
Patent ES-336188-A1 (ES)
Title: Magnetic resonance device for measuring magnetic field gradients
IPC: G01R33/24
Filed: 1967-01-28
Abstract: In a device for measuring magnetic field gradients with compensation for the parasitic magnetic fields on board an aircraft, two similar gyromagnetic resonance magnetometer probes are used, one probe T 1 produces an electrical output signal whose frequency is equal to the Larmor frequency of the sub-atomic particles employed in it and therefore directly proportional to the field H 1 at that point which signal is fed to the input of the second probe T 2 which produces an output signal of the same frequency but shifted in phase by an amount dependent on the difference in magnitude of the two magnetic fields and thus of the field gradient between the two points of measurement. The probes each comprise a vessel, containing a liquid, e.g. ditertiobutylnitroxide or nitrosodisulfonate in water, whose protons constitute the sub-atomic particles. The intensity of the resonance signal of the protons is increased by the Overhauser-Abragan effect to which end an oscillator is provided connected to a coil immersed in the liquid by which an electronic resonance band of the substance is saturated. The input to each probe is provided by a coil in series with a resistor having a value such that the current in the coil is substantially in phase with the applied voltage. The output is provided by a coil forming part of a resonance circuit whose resonance frequency is arranged to be close to the Larmor frequency of the system. A resistor is provided in the resonance circuit to reduce its Q factor. As shown in Fig. 4, the amplified output U 2 , Fig. 3 (not shown), of probe T 1 , is fed back to its input, while the input to the other probe T 2 is provided by part U 0 of the amplified output from the probe T 1 , a further amplifier 11 being provided in the output of probe T 2 so that the amplitudes of the two outputs U 2 , U 3 are equal, their phase difference being then measured in device 13 and recorded at 15.
Patent ES-344196-A1 (ES)
Title: Improved polyol
IPC: C08G18/32
Filed: 1967-08-17
Abstract: The invention comprises polyols of formula wherein R is octyl or nonyl, R 1 is Me or Et, n and n1 are each 2-6, x has an average value of 1-2 and the nuclear substituents (except R) are in ortho-position to the ether group and their adducts with up to an equimolar amount of R 1 #CHCH 2 O (I). These compounds are prepared by reacting RC 6 H 4 OH (II) with CH 2 O and HOC n H 2n NHC n1 H 2n1 OH in molar proportions of 1 : 1-4: 1-4, and reacting the thusformed Mannich product (III) at 30-150 C. with 1-2 moles (I) alternatively, (III) is made by reacting (II) with 1-2 moles of a 3-HOC n H 2n -5-R 2 -oxazolidine at 100-130 C., R 2 being H or C 1-4 alkyl, the C n1 H 2n1 OH group in the above formula being in this case replaced by a CH 2 COHR 2 OH group.
Patent ES-344651-A1 (ES)
Title: Device for Displaying a Sequence of Numbers
IPC: G06M1/20
Filed: 1967-08-31
Abstract: Gearing for intermittently rotating drums, displaying hour numerals in a timepiece (see Division G3) comprises a wheel 15 having teeth 15a and toothless portions 15c. The wheel 15 drives a pinion 2 having alternate long and short teeth 2a and 2b respectively. When the toothless portion 15c is engaged between two long teeth 2a, the pinion 2 is locked against rotation.
Patent ES-350597-A1 (ES)
Title: Reflector Structure
IPC: G02B5/124
Filed: 1968-02-17
Abstract: A reflector structure, e.g. for road marking or traffic signs, comprises a body 201 of transparent material the rear face of which has a plurality of recesses each defining a cell 210 surrounded by a cell wall 211, a plurality of retro-directive reflectors elements 220 being formed on the body in the recesses so that light 240 incident upon the front face of the reflector is reflected from the reflector elements back towards the source. The reflector elements are of the cube corner type, a plurality of elements being disposed in each cell so as to substantially fill the cell. The total area of the cells is from 10%-90%, preferably 50% of the area of the reflector. The portions of the reflector not forming cells acts to reflect ambient illumination e.g. daylight whilst the cells themselves act to reflect horizontally directed beams, e.g. car headlamps. A backing member 255, e.g. a metal foil or a sheet of synthetic plastics resin covers the rear face and hermetically seals each cell portions of the backing member adjacent the cell walls 211 acting as a reflector. The reflector elements may have a metal coating.
Patent ES-356311-A1 (ES)
Title: Retreading of tire covers
IPC: B29D30/54
Filed: 1968-07-20
Abstract: Bands of unvulcanized tread material 7, 8, 9 are applied, with gaps 10, 11 between to a prepared tyre carcase and rolled down under mechanically applied pressure, transverse grooves 12 being cut in the bands before vulcanizing in an autoclave. The gaps and grooves may be straight or curved, and may vary in width. The grooves, the depth of which may be the thickness of the bands, may be cut prior to the application thereof. Infiltration of vapour into the crevices of the tyre during vulcanization is prevented by the application of a protecting strip by the same process.
Patent ES-364379-A1 (ES)
Title: Lighting systems for road vehicles
IPC: B60Q1/115
Filed: 1969-02-22
Abstract: In a lighting system for a road vehicle automatic sensing means senses the attitude of the body of the road vehicle relative to the ground and operates a first indicator means within the vehicle so that the occupant knows the attitude of the vehicle relative to the ground. There is also control means operable by an occupant of the vehicle for adjusting the attitude of the headlamp and a second indicator means, which can be brought into alignment with the first indicator means by adjusting the headlamp to the correct position.
Patent ES-368656-A1 (ES)
Title: Method of making a flocked material
IPC: D06Q1/06
Filed: 1969-06-21
Abstract: A method of making a flocked material comprises applying to a substrate synthetic fibres having a high degree of crimping optained by modifying the fibres during spinning in conjunction with a thermal and/or mechanical aftertreatment. The substrate is a cotton fabric, woven fabric coated with PVC foam, a PVC film or rubber and prior to flocking is coated with an adhesive based on polyurethane or an acrylic ester copolymer together with alkyl-etherified methylol melamine and alginates. The crimped fibres are of polycaprolactam, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide-6,6 or polyacrylonitrile and may be cut from compression- or torsion-crimped filament cables. In the Examples, the fibres are modified prior to flocking by treatment with a preparative consisting of stearyl-triethylene tetramine, butanol, sodium stearate, NaC1 and water followed by drying at 60-80 C. and conditioning at 20 C for 24 hours.
Patent ES-377857-A1 (ES)
Title: 2,3,4,4a-TETRAHYDRO-10H-1,2-OXAZINO {8 3,2-b{9 (1,3)BENZOXAZIN-10-ONES
IPC: C07D498/04
Filed: 1970-03-24
Abstract: Chemical compounds of the formula:
Patent ES-385871-A1 (ES)
Title: Device for forming continuous walls, by means of consecutive, reinforced-concrete panels
IPC: E02D5/18
Filed: 1970-11-18
Abstract: A device for forming a continuous reinforced concrete wall in which the reinforcement overlaps between adjacent sections of the wall to provide continuity of sheer strength in the wall. The method utilizes a mould end of the invention, which is shaped to protect projecting ends of reinforcement bars during casting of a concrete panel forming the wall. The next cast panel is then cast around the projecting free ends of the reinforcement bars of the previous panel.
Patent ES-404727-A1 (ES)
Title: Simultaneous desize-scour-bleach with activated hydrogen peroxide
IPC: D06L3/02
Filed: 1972-07-11
Abstract: This invention provides a combination desizing, scouring and bleaching process for greige textiles employing an alkaline hydrogen peroxide and peroxydiphosphate.
Patent ES-405873-A1 (ES)
Title: Corrugated inner cover structure
IPC: C21D9/673
Filed: 1972-08-14
Abstract: An inner cover structure particularly adapted for use in annealing coils of strip steel or the like in a bell type furnace in which the inner cover comprises a transversely corrugated cylindrical body of relatively thin sheet metal having a closed top and an open bottom. The cylindrical body has secured to the outer surface thereof two or more circumferentially spaced lifting lugs or brackets which are adapted to receive lifting hooks so that the inner cover may be positioned on and removed from a furnace charge by means of an overhead crane or the like. The lifting brackets each comprise a plurality of spaced vertical members of approximately the same gauge metal as the cylindrical body and having their edge portions corrugated to conform to the corrugations of the cylindrical body and welded thereto. Crane hook socket forming members are secured to the vertical members and are adapted to be engaged by the lifting hooks referred to above.
Patent ES-407854-A1 (ES)
Title: Conveyor machine for suspensions and viscous materials having a cage-like housing
IPC: B65G53/30
Filed: 1972-10-21
Abstract: A comminuting conveyor machine for suspensions and viscous non-homogeneous materials having a rotor for the transport of material and a perforated housing consisting of individual bars forming with the rotor a shear zone, which bars are provided with replaceable highly abrasion-resistant shaped members inserted therein.