Patent GB-388485-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of assistants for the textile and allied industries
Filed: 1931-11-03
Abstract: Products stated to be suitable as wetting, washing, cleansing, levelling, emulsifying, and softening agents in the textile and allied industries are obtained by treating the unsaturated alcohols which are produced by removing water from 7 : 18-stearic glycol, with a sulphonating agent, phosphoric acid or its anhydride or oxyhalide. The removal of the water may be effected by heating the glycol to 50-200 DEG  C. in the presence of a strong non-oxidizing acid, e.g. organic sulphonic acids such as naphthalene sulphonic acids, phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid and chloracetic acid, and is facilitated by first forming the acetate or chloracetate of the glycol.  The resulting phosphoric or sulphuric esters or oxysulphonic acids may be used as such or in the form of their alkali or ammonium salts together with salts, e.g. common salt, Glauber's salt or sodium perborate, acids, alkalies, glue, solvents, oils or soaps.  In examples, (1) 7 : 18-stearic glycol (obtained by catalytic reduction according to Specification 356,731) is heated in a current of nitrogen with chloracetic acid, and the resulting chloracetate of the octodecenol saponified; after fractional distillation it is sulphonated in ether with chlorsulphoric acid and neutralized; (2) the octodecenol prepared by heating the diacetate with chloracetic acid and saponifying is similarly sulphonated; (3) the octodecenol is treated in ether with phosphorus pentoxide, and in trichlorethylene with a mixture of chlorsulphonic acid and concentrated sulphuric acid; (4) the octodecenol is sulphonated with a mixture of acetic anhydride and sulphuric acid monohydrate; (5) 7 : 18-stearicglycol is heated with aqueous phosphoric acid and the oily layer washed and distilled; the resulting octodecenol is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in carbontetrachloride. Oleum, amidosulphonic acid and sulphurtrioxide are mentioned as sulphonating agents. Specifications 308,824 and 317,039, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], also are referred to.ALSO:Products stated to be suitable as cleansing and emulsifying agents are obtained by treating the unsaturated alcohols which are produced by removing water from 7 : 18-stearicglycol, with a sulphonating agent, phosphoric acid or its anhydride or oxyhalide. The removal of the water may be effected by heating the glycol to 50-200 DEG  C. in the presence of a strong non-oxidizing acid, e.g. organic sulphonic acids such as naphthalene sulphonic acids, phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid and chloracetic acid, and is facilitated by first forming the acetate or chloracetate of the glycol.  The resulting phosphoric or sulphuric esters or oxysulphonic acids may be used as such or in the form of their alkali or ammonium salts together with salts, e.g. common salt, Glauber's salt or sodium perborate, acids, alkalis, glues, solvents, oils or soaps.  In examples: (1) 7 : 18-stearicglycol is heated in a current of nitrogen with chloracetic acid, and the resulting chloracetate of the octodecenol saponified; after fractional distillation it is sulphonated in ether with chlorsulphonic acid and neutralized; (2) the octodecenol prepared by heating the diacetate with chloracetic acid and saponifying is similarly sulphonated: (3) the octodecenol is treated in ether with phosphorus pentoxide, and in trichlorethylene with a mixture of chlorsulphonic acid and concentrated sulphuric acid; (4) the octodecenol is sulphonated with a mixture of acetic anhydride and sulphuric acid monohydrate; (5) 7 : 18-stearicglycol is heated with aqueous phosphoric acid and the oily layer washed and distilled; the resulting octodecenol is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in carbon-tetrachloride.  Specifications 308,824 and 317,039, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], are referred to.