baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-305468-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of artificial silk
IPC: D01F6/72
Filed: 1929-01-22
Abstract: .305,468. Compagnie de Produits Chimiques et Electrometallurgiques Alais, Froges et Camargue. Feb. 4, 1928, [Convention date]. Condensation products of urea or cyanamide or their derivatives with formaldehyde.-Artificial silk is made from condensation products of urea or its derivatives and/or cyanamide or dicyandiamide with formaldehyde, the viscous solution of the condensation products being extruded into an acid coagulating bath containing a salt. The condensation is carried out in an aqueous medium to the stage at which a test portion, when poured into water, collects into a homogeneous viscous mass. Preferably, the reaction mixture comprises two mols. of formaldehyde and one mol. of urea and is neutralized by addition of alkalies, or by agitation with an insoluble carbonate, or by addition of. ammonia in excess, the excess combining with part of the formaldehyde. The condensation may be effected by boiling the mixture until a sample shows the required properties, rendering the solution alkaline, and concentrating it at ordinary or reduced pressure. Alternatively, boiling may be discontinued before the desired stage is attained, a part of the water evaporated, and the condensation allowed to proceed slowly at ordinary temperature. The coagulating bath may comprise a dilute mineral or .organic acid, an acidified concentrated salt solution, or a solution of an acid salt. In one example, a urea-formaldehyde mixture is agitated with calcium carbonate, filtered, and condensed to the stage described above. The solution of - the condensation product is treated with disodium phosphate solution, partly evaporated, and'cooled. It is then spun into a bath comprising a saturated solution of sodium or magnesium sulphate to which sufficient sulphuric acid to affect bromophenol has been added. The threads are washed and dried. In another example, the condensation is partly effected at the boiling point after addition of an excess of ammonia, and the product, after addition of caustic soda and partial evaporation, is allowed to stand until it is ready for spinning. The coagulating bath is a concentrated solution of aluminium sulphate. The urea may be replaced wholly or in part by its derivatives, such as thiourea, or by cyanamide or dicyandiamide, and instead of formaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine or trioxymethylene may be used. Also, there may be added to the solution, before or after condensation, substances, such as phenols, capable of combining with formaldehyde and/or plastifiers such as glycerol, glycol, sodium ricinoleate, or cyclohexanol.
Patent GB-715402-A (GB)
Title: 16, 17-dihydroxy-20-keto-pregnenes and-pregnapolyenes and method for producing them
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1952-02-05
Abstract: The invention comprises pregnane derivatives characterized by hydroxyl groups in the 16 and 17 positions, a 20-keto group and one or more double bonds, (preferably one or two).  They may contain additional hydroxyl and keto groups, and are prepared by the oxidation of a D  16 : 17-pregnen-20-one with osmium tetroxide. Compounds which contain additional double bonds which are not in conjugation with a keto group are initially brominated, the bromo derivative oxidized as before and the product then debrominated with, e.g. sodium iodide, zinc dust.  In examples: (1) D  5 : 16-pregnadien - 3b  - ol - 20 - one - 3 - acetate is brominated in ether and acetic acid to 5 : 6-dibromo - D 16 - pregnen - 3b  - ol - 20 - one acetate, which on treatment with osmium tetroxide in ether and finally sodium sulphite and zinc dust gives D 5-pregnen-3b  : 16 : 17-triol-20-one; (2) 16-dehydroprogesterone on treatment with osmium tetroxide, followed by aqueous alcoholic sodium sulphite yields D 4-pregnen - 16 : 17 - diol - 3 : 20 - dione.  In the manner of (1) D 11:16-pregnadien-3b -ol-20-one is converted to D 11-pregnene-3b  : 16 : 17-triol-20-one; D 5:16-pregnadiene-3 : 21-diol-20-one 3 : 21-diacetate to D 5-pregnene-3 : 16 : 17 : 21-tetrol-20-one; and D 5:11:16-pregnatrien-3-ol-20-one acetate to D 5:11-pregnadiene-3 : 16 : 17-triol-20-one.  In the manner of (2), D 8(9):16-pregnadiene - 3 : 5 - diol - 11 : 20 - dione - 3-acetate is converted to D 8(9)-pregnene-3 : 5 : 16 : 17 - tetrol - 11 : 20 - dione; and 21-acetoxy - D 4:16 - pregnadiene - 3 : 11 : 20-trione to D 4-pregnene-16 : 17 : p  21-triol-3 : 11 : 20-trione.
Patent GB-265593-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the reception of electrical oscillations
IPC: H04B1/12
Filed: 1927-02-02
Abstract: 265,593. Lorenz, Akt.-Ges., C. Feb. 3, 1926, [Convention date]. Atmospherics and undesired signals, eliminating or limiting; duplex. - In an interference eliminating system the aerial circuit is divided into two parallel branches, the currents in which are differentially combined in the receiving circuit F, and in one branch a rejector circuit C tuned to the receiving frequency is provided. The rejector circuit has preferably a comparatively large capacity and a small inductance. As shown in the Figure, a small variable. inductance L<1> or capacity C<1> may be included in the second branch to obtain a complete balancefor disturbing currents below and above the reception frequency respectively. The rejector circuit and the impedances, instead of being directly inserted in the branch circuits, may be coupled' and the arrangement may be repeated, using cascade connections. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also an arrangement in which an acceptor circuit is provided in one branch and a resistance in the other to obtain a balance at a particular frequency. This arrangement is particularly suitable for simultaneous transmission and reception, and in the case in which only one aerial is used the transmitter is coupled to the aerial outside the branching-off connection and the receiver is electrostatically shielded. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-852373-A (GB)
Title: Method of refining silicon-containing pig iron with oxygen in a rotary furnace
IPC: C21C1/00
Filed: 1958-01-30
Abstract: A method of refining pig iron rich in silicon by blowing oxygen on to or into a melt held in a rotary furnace and forming a basic slag, maintaining the temperature below 1550 DEG C., tapping a first slag when the silicon content of the iron melt is less than 0.3%, p  this slag having a (CaO + MgO) to SiO2 ratio between 1 and 2 and preferably 1.2 and 1.6, and in a second stage adding new slag forming material and continuing the blowing until the desired degree of refining has been attained.  The vessel is rotated at at least 5 r.p.m. and oxygen blowing is stopped when, or a short while before, rotation of the furnace is stopped.  By maintaining the silica content of the second slag below 20% and preferably below 15% it may remain solid or viscous throughout the refining period.  It may be finally removed by raising the temperature of the furnace or, alternatively, may be left after tapping the refined steel to form part of the slag forming material for the next operation.  In a modification, after the first stage is completed, the pig iron is tapped and subjected to a conventional refining treatment or it may be granulated by pouring into water and dry refining according to the process of Specification 770,933.  Specifications 677,349 and 789,258 also are referred to.
Patent GB-720667-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to an air distributing device
IPC: F24F13/062
Filed: 1953-02-05
Abstract: 720,667. Ventilators. DEMUTH & SONS, Inc., C. Feb. 5, 1953 [Feb. 28, 1952], No. 3250/53. Class 137. In a ventilating system in which a number of air-distributing devices 2 are connected at different positions along an air duct 1, means are provided for equalizing the amount of air supplied to each distributer. The distributer 2 comprises a lower cylindrical part 4 screwed at 5 to an upper part 3 having a flange 6 for securing the distributer around an opening in the duct 1. An interconnected assembly comprising a hood 8 and conical deflectors 10, 11 is mounted adjacent the outlet opening of the distributor and is adjustable axially of the same, the cone 10 being supported upon a nut 7 which threadedly engages an externally-threaded tube 15 passing freely through the cone 10. The tube 15 is freely journalled in a strut 13'and is secured against axial movement by nuts 16. A shaft 18, having its lower portion rotatably supported in the hollow tube 15 and secured against axial movement by means of a boss 20 and a head 19 at its lower end, has its upper end, square in section, received in a hollow tubular member 21, the hole therethrough being of corresponding square section so that the shaft 18 can rotate the tubular member 21. The tube 21, freely journalled in a strut 14 and fixed thereto against axial movement by means of nuts 22b, threadedly engages a scoop member 22 which upon rotation of the members 18, 21 may be adjusted to the desired position between an upper position limited by a nut 21a on the upper end of the tube 21 and a lower position indicated by dotted lines. A baffle 26 is secured within the distributer beneath the rear end of the scoop 22 which is restrained from angular movement by means of an arm 24 which is rigidly secured thereto and is slidably disposed in a clip 25 secured within the upper part 3. In a modification, Fig. 7, where it is desired to reduce the part of the distributer extending below the duct 1<SP>1</SP>, the upper part 31 projects into the duct 11 and is secured thereto by an annular flange 6<SP>1</SP> which is formed adjacent the lower end of the part 3<SP>1</SP>. The tubular member 21<SP>1</SP>, journalled in a strut 14<SP>1</SP>, passes freely through a support strap 27 which has downwardly-extending legs secured respectively to a front section 3b and a raised rear section 3a of the upper part 3<SP>1</SP>. The scoop 22<SP>1</SP>, constrained against angular movement by a plate 241 whose legs straddle the front leg of the strap 27, is provided with a baffle 26<SP>1</SP>, the baffle 26, Fig. 3, being omitted. The lower section 4 is identical to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3.
Patent GB-637102-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in mechanism for transporting signatures to form the filling of books
IPC: B42B2/02
Filed: 1947-02-04
Abstract: 637,102. Feeding signatures to book-sewing machines. CRABTREE & SONS, Ltd., R. W., and BURLS, J. A. E. Feb. 4, 1947, No. 3299. [Class 100 (i)] In feeding signatures S to a book-sewing machine a plurality of saddles 3, 4, 5 are mounted on an intermittently-movable carrier comprising spider frames 19, 20, which cause the saddles to come to rest in position A where an opened-out signature is deposited on saddle 3, and in position B where the stitching is performed in a known manner. The saddles are controlled so as to maintain a fixed orientation as they are moved, and this is effected by mounting the saddles on cranks 15, 16 carried by crank-shafts 17, 18 fitted with gear-wheels 24 which move around fixed internal gear-wheels 25, 26 concentric to the shafts 27, 28 of the spiders. The signatures may be delivered to the saddles as described in Specifications 610,290 or 624,785, and the path of the saddles is shown by the dotted lines 7. If desired, the path from position C to A may be along the lines 7<SP>1</SP>, 7<SP>1</SP>, and this is obtained by using a gear 25 with a gap 47 in the teeth. The shafts 27, 28 of the spiders 17, 18, are driven by a Geneva mechanism, Fig. 3, not shown, in which the driving-roller engages one of six radial grooves in the driven disc which is geared to the shafts 27, 28, and the disc is locked by engagement of the grooves by a roller on an arm oscillated by a cam mounted concentrically to the driving- disc ; or the spiders may be driven by differential gears.
Patent GB-659622-A (GB)
Title: Improved wired broadcasting systems
IPC: H04H20/77
Filed: 1949-02-07
Abstract: 659,622. Distributing music &c. COMMUNICATIONS PATENTS, Ltd., and ADORIAN, P. Feb. 7, 1949, No. 3345. [Class 40 (iv)] In a wired broacasting system having two or more transmission lines, each line distributes a modulated carrier wave of a different frequency. As shown, two transmission lines 3, 4, Fig. 1, are provided by the conductors of a star quad cable network. High-power audiofrequency signals comprising two different programmes are applied by sources A, B respectively to the lines 3, 4, which also receive two further programmes in the form of lowpower modulated carrier wave signals from sources C, D respectively, the two carrier waves having different frequencies. Thus line 3 carries programmes A and C while line 4 carries programmes B and D. Each subscriber has selecting and receiving equipment 13, arranged as shown in Fig. 2. Terminals 17, 18 are connected to line 3 and terminals 19, 20 to line 4, and ganged manual switches 21-28 select one of the four available programmes. In the first position, as shown, the switches 24-27 connect line 3 over a volumecontrol potentiometer 31 to an audio-frequency transformer 33, so that programme A is reproduced by a loud-speaker 34. In the second position line 4 is similarly connected and the loud-speaker 34 reproduces programme B. Programme C is obtained by moving the switches to their third position, connecting line 3 to a high-frequency transformer 35 which is tuned by a capacitor 45 to the corresponding carrier frequency. The signals are sent through amplifying valves 38, 41, demodulating means 39, and a volume control 40 to the transformer 33 and loud-speaker 34. The power supply means 42 is controlled by the switch 28, leads 43 being connected to leads 44. In the fourth position of the switches, line 4 is connected to the high-frequency transformer 35 now tuned by a capacitor 46 to the carrier frequency of programme D which is reproduced by the loudspeaker 34. Amplitude or frequency modulation of the carrier waves may be employed, and more than one carrier wave may be applied to a line. If high-power signalling is used throughout, the subscribers' amplifying equipment may be dispensed with.
Patent GB-124524-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Gun Mountings for Aeroplanes.
Inventor: MILLER CHARLES WILLIAM THOMAS
IPC: B64D7/02
Filed: 1916-03-07
Abstract: 124,524. Miller, C. W. T., and Hurst, J. March 7, 1916. Mountings for use on aircraft. - Consists in mounting a Lewis gun on an aeroplane by means of a lazy-tongs bracket which is universally jointed to the fuselage. Fig. 1 shows the vertical pivot 2 of the gun supported in a 'socket-member 3 carried at one end of a lazy-tongs device 6, the other end of which is attached to a toothed segment 9. This segment is adjustably-supported on a horizontal pivot 14 in a member 15 by means of a pawl 22 which normally engages the teeth of the segment, but which can be released by the foot of the operator acting through a cable 23 to permit of the gun being adjusted in a vertical plane. The member 15 is mounted on a vertical pivot 18 in an arm 19 which is itself pivotally mounted on a pillar 16 capable of sliding with respect to a socket 17 on the fuselage.
Patent GB-620961-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with electric switches of the push button type
IPC: H01H13/06
Filed: 1947-02-05
Abstract: 620,961. Retractive switches. CRABTREE & CO., Ltd., J. A., and HILL, W. E. Feb. 5, 1947. No. 3379. [Class 38(v)] A push-button switch has a deformable cup associated with the button to ensure a waterproof assembly. A corrugated cup a of rubber or other flexible material has at its open end a bead k seated around a spigot part m of the switch casing. At its closed end it has a central depression c for engagement with the push button d of the switch, a cavity containing a moulded part e, and an external flange b which is trapped in an annular groove between flanges f, h of a metal gap g. In a modification, Figs. 3, 4 (not shown), the rubber cup is fixed in the metal cap by means of an annular washer which is forced past spring tongues in the cap.
Patent GB-524631-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to pedal and crank driving mechanism for bicycles
IPC: B62M3/02
Filed: 1939-02-02
Abstract: 524,631. Adjustable cranks. GIBBONS, F. J. J. Feb. 2, 1939, No. 3502. [Class 80 (iii)] A bicycle crank 1 is formed with a plate-like extension 2 around the usual pedal-spindle hole 3. This extension has a series of holes 4 at each end of which is a stop 5. Into the hole 3 is tightly screwed a pin 6 forming a pivot for a short arm 7 carrying the spindle 9 of a pedal 14. A compression spring 12 tends to maintain a spigot 11 of the spindle 9 in one of the holes 4. The pedal has its side plates extended to form an upstanding projection 15 which, engaged by the rider's foot, facilitates changing of the throw of the crank. In a modification, a plate-like portion corresponding to 2, Fig. 2, is clamped to' an existing crank.
Patent GB-160343-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with teats for feeding cups
IPC: A47G19/22
Filed: 1920-02-05
Abstract: 160,343. Abrahamson, J. Feb. 5, 1920. Feeding-bottles, teats for. - The teat c projects from the side. of a flat rubber cover b adapted to spring over the mouth of a cup or jug &c.
Patent GB-717495-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to railway signalling systems
Inventor: BROWN ANDREW
IPC: B61L7/10
Filed: 1951-02-14
Abstract: 717,495. Railway signalling equipment. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Feb. 8, 1952, [Feb. 14, 1951.] No. 3552/51. Class 105. Correspondence between the condition of a signal and its controlling member is checked by an electrical alarm circuit including a contact of a relay associated with the signal to indicate the position of the signal and a controller contact operated by the signal controlling member to indicate the position of said controlling member and an alarm device which operates only when the signal relay indicates a clear position and the controller contact indicates a danger position. As shown in Fig. i, in series with an alarm relay A are series-connected contacts r1, s1, t1, u1, of four signal repeater relays, each contact indicating, the condition of the signal with which it is associated, e.g. closed when the signal is at danger and open when the signal is cleared. Each of these contacts is bridged by a contact k1, l1, m1 or n1 of a routesetting medium, e.g. a sequence switch, which contact is closed when the sequence switch is in the position corresponding to the route or routes whose signal repeater relay contact r1 ... u1 is bridged thereby. The signal is cleared only after the sequence switch has reached such position, in which case contact mi, for example, is closed before ti opens and under these conditions retains the circuit of relay A closed. When a train passes the signal, this latter automatically restores to danger and contact such as t1 closes, followed by the sequence switch restoring to normal in response to the signalman and thereby opening contact mi. Thus the circuit of relay A is never interrupted except on a false clearing of the signal when its associated contact, e.g. t1 opens and the route contact mi will be open and the circuit of relay A interrupted. This relay releases and initiates an alarm and may effect other operations such as setting all signals to danger. A lamp N such as a neon lamp connected across the pairs of contacts such as m1, t1 glows when the contacts are open and indicates which of the signals is at fault. When the fault is cleared, contact, e.g. t1 is closed and the circuit returned to normal. In an alternative arrangement, the contacts of each pair such as m1, t1, are connected in series with each other and may be, with an indicator lamp, and with the alarm relay A, the series connected pairs of contacts being in parallel with each other. If a signal gives access to more than one sequence switch or other route setting medium, a normally open contact such as k1 ... n1 will be required for each switch. According to the Provisional Specification a key is connected in series with the chain of pairs of contacts and is closed when the system is to be used, the relay A locking the circuit over a front contact bridging the key. Specification 526,829, [Group XXXIX], is referred to.
Patent GB-632587-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in packages
IPC: B65D77/16
Filed: 1947-02-07
Abstract: 632,587. Packing. ROSE, A. G., GILBERT, J. A., and ROSE BROS. (GAINSBOROUGH), Ltd. Feb. 7, 1947, No. 3625. [Class 94(i)] The open end of a bag of heat-sealing material partially filled with the commodity to. be packed, e.g. sweets, is so twisted as to form a twisted neck 14 and the bag is sealed by applying heat and pressure to the twisted portion forming the neck. The bag, which may be of transparent material, has a longitudinal heat-sealed seam 11 and a heat-sealed base 12 and the twisted neck 14 may be formed at a distance from the open end, the surplus material 17 above the seal being flattened fanwise.
Patent GB-801072-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic press
IPC: B21D22/12
Filed: 1957-02-01
Abstract: 801,072. Stamping. GENERAL TIRE & RUBBER CO. Feb. 1, 1957 [Feb. 7, 1956], No. 3646/57. Class 83 (4). [Also in Group XXIX] A hydraulic press has a deformable elastic rubber forming pad 16 between an expansible fluid pressure chamber and the object to be formed. The pad, which has its central portion 31 thicker than the marginal portion 29, has an inextensible rim 15 fixed to the frame of the press. A gasket 53 may fill the space between the rim 15 of the pad and the upper half 26 of the frame of the press. The pressure chamber may consist of a thin flexible elastic diaphragm 17 which conforms to and covers the upper surface of the pad.
Patent GB-219888-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in match boxes
IPC: A24F27/00
Filed: 1924-02-12
Abstract: 219,888. Christophersen, H. O., (F³rst, J., and Klute, G. M.). Feb. 12, 1924. Drawer-and-shell boxes. -A device for application to an existing drawer-andshell match-box for permiVting movement of the drawer in one direction only or for looking it against t movement in either direction, comprises a member c embracing the bottom of the shell and having a projection c<2> at one end disposed in the path of the drawer and a member e applied to the exterior of the drawer and slidable laterally thereon to engage a notch e<2> with a projection d on the member c.