baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-870393-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of hardening glycerides
IPC: C11C3/12
Filed: 1957-07-05
Abstract: Glycerides obtained from oil - bearing materials of vegetable or animal origin by solvent extraction, are hardened by hydrogenation while still in solution in the miscella of the solvent extraction operation.  The hydrogenation may be effected in the presence of a catalyst, which may be in the form of a stationary mass over or through which the miscella flows, or may be in the form of fine particles dispersed throughout the miscella.  The catalyst may be a metal catalyst, unsupported or supported on a carrier, e.g. silica gel.  The catalyst may be a Raney catalyst, and may consist of equal parts of nickel and aluminium; a part of the nickel may be replaced by copper.  The solvent may be a hydrocarbon, e.g. hexane or a benzene fraction. The process may be carried out at an elevated temperature below the boiling point of the solvent, and may be effected under pressure.  The miscella may be in the crude state or may be refined.  A part of the solvent may be removed by evaporation. In examples miscellae of ground-nut oil, maize oil, soy oil, palm oil, all in hexane, and miscellae obtained by extracting residues of pork fat with hexane and fish waste with a benzene fraction, are hydrogenated by passing the solutions through a column containing Raney nickel, in countercurrent to hydrogen, to obtain hardened fats, and a miscella of sunflower oil in hexane is hydrogenated in the presence of a suspended palladium-silica gel catalyst.  The fats are recovered by removing the solvent by distillation.  Specification 870,394 and German Specification 722,108 are referred to.
Patent GB-405028-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of 2-derivatives of selenazoles
Filed: 1932-07-29
Abstract: Aliphatic seleno-amides are caused to react with an a -halogenated aldehyde or a -halogenated-ketone in molecular proportions and with heating, with or without a solvent, to give 2-alkylselenazoles. According to examples: (1) chloracetaldehyde is treated with selenoacetamide to give 2-methyl thiazole; (2) a -bromacetophenone with seleno-acetamide gives 4 - phenyl - 2 - methylselenazole; (3) chloracetone with selenopropionamide gives 4-methyl-2-ethylselenazole.  According to the alkyl group required to occupy the 2-position the corresponding selenoamide is selected, and any a -halogenated ketone or aldehyde may be employed. Selenopropionamide is obtained by the method of Kindler, Annalen, 1923, 431, 187 using propionitrile.
Patent GB-1038857-A (GB)
Title: Working cylinder
IPC: F16D65/28
Filed: 1965-05-21
Abstract: 1,038,857. Cylinders; brake cylinders. ROBERT BOSCH G.m.b.H. May 21, 1965 [May 23, 1964], No. 21523/65. Headings F2F and F2T. A cylinder, particularly for compressed air or vacuum brakes, comprises a cylinder pot 1 and a detachable cover 2 the rim of which is axially clamped in an annular lip portion 5 of the pot between a sealing ring 7 and a flat ring 9. The ring 7 abuts a shoulder 6 formed by the lip and the ring 9 is located by an abutment 10 formed by a radially inward flange on the lip. The ring 9 is split to facilitate insertion and removal and has lugs 11 on its end which engage a slot 12 in the lip 5 and a projection 13, Fig. 2 (not shown), on the cover 2 engages between the lugs to thereby prevent rotation of the cover. In a modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), the ends 14, 14a of the ring 9 interengage with one another. In another modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), the abutment for the ring 9 is formed by inward projections 15 on the edge of the lip and corresponding recesses 16 are formed in the rim of the cover 2. In a further modification, Fig. 6 (not shown), outwardly directed lugs 20 on the ring 9 engage slots in the lip 5. In a still further modification, Fig. 8 (not shown), an unsplit ring 26 rests against inward projections 25 on the lip 5.
Patent GB-857966-A (GB)
Title: Packaging
IPC: A61B17/06
Filed: 1958-07-04
Abstract: 857,966. Packing sutures. STONEHILL, A. A. July 4, 1958 [July 5, 1957], No. 21575/58. Class 81(2) [Also in Group XVII] In a package for surgical articles such as sutures, of the type where the article is contained in an envelope immersed in a sterilizing solution containing formaldehyde, the envelope is formed from a polymeric material comprising an amount of combined fluorine sufficient to prevent passage of a damaging quantity of formaldehyde into the envelope. In the embodiment described, the suture is wound on a card and sealed in the envelope 16 in a 90 % aqueous isopropyl alcoholic solution. The envelope may be of polymerised di-, tri- or tetra-fluoromonochloroethylene, similar derivatives of propylene and copolymers of these materials with various other monomers, for example, a copolymer of trifluoromonochloroethylene and 4 mol per cent vinylidene fluoride. The envelopes are contained in a screw topped container in a solution of 70-90% alcohol, 29-9% water and about 1% formaldehyde. Specification 638,257 and U.S.A. Specification 2,738,343 are referred to.
Patent GB-393119-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to picture analysing and synthesising devices more particularly for television purposes
IPC: H04N3/04
Filed: 1932-08-02
Abstract: 393,119. Television. FERNSEH AKT.- GES., Goerzallee, Zehlendorf, Berlin. Aug. 2, 1932, No. 21687. Convention date, Aug. 6, 1931. [Class 40 (iii).] In television in which scanning devices, e.g. scanning discs, having a plurality of scanning elements, e.g. apertures, arranged in a plurality of turns or spirals, co-operate with an auxiliary device, e.g. a mask, which allows only one turn or spiral of the scanning elements to operate at a time, the scanning and auxiliary devices are driven by separate motors. The auxiliary device is preferably driven by a synchronous motor energized by the source energizing the motor driving the scanning device. A generator may be driven by the motor driving the scanning device to drive the auxiliary motor. The auxiliary device may be an apertured disc, disclosing one spiral or one of a plurality of light sources at a time, a moving mirror or reflecting prism supplying light to each turn or spiral in sequence, or a commutator feeding each of a plurality of light sources in turn. The scanning device may be a Nipkow disc or a mirror wheel.
Patent GB-574064-A (GB)
Title: Method and converter for contacting finely divided catalysts with vapors
IPC: B01J8/38
Filed: 1943-12-28
Abstract: 574,064. Catalytic apparatus. SHELL DEVELOPMENT CO. Dec. 28, 1943, No. 21720. Convention date, Dec. 28, 1942. [Class 1 (i)] A reaction chamber 10 in which a gas is contacted with a finely divided catalyst &c. in the fluidized state is provided with means for drawing off the fluidized solid at an adjustable height into a separate stripping chamber 13. As illustrated, the draw-off means comprises a series of separately openable dampers 17 separating the reaction and stripping zones. In a modification, the stripping chamber is inside the reaction chamber and comprises a vertically slotted cylinder surrounded by a rotatable sleeve having a helical slot. Stripping gas is injected by the nozzle 22 and a further injection may be made at 23 to transport the fluidized solid.
Patent GB-644920-A (GB)
Title: Production of dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof
IPC: C07C51/265
Filed: 1947-08-07
Abstract: A benzene o-dicarboxylic acid anhydride is prepared by catalytic oxidation in the vapour phase with an oxygen-containing gas of a mixture of hydrocarbons including a mixture of aliphatic substituted benzenes of which a major proportion consists of an o-isomer and a minor but substantial proportion consists of the m-and p-isomers, by a process in which the o-isomer is oxidized to the anhydride whilst the other isomers are oxidized at least to the point of ring rupture to compounds separable from the anhydride.  Preferably xylene mixtures are used to give phthalic anhydride.  The dialkyl benzenes may be those, for example, in which the alkyl group is methyl, ethyl, or n- or isopropyl, or mixtures thereof, and which contain more than 50 per cent, preferably 70 to 95 per cent of the o-isomer.  Small amounts of paraffins, naphthenes and monoalkyl benzenes may be present, e.g. 1-5 parts of ethylbenzene and 1-5 parts of paraffins with 100 parts of the dialkyl benzenes, or alternatively naphthalene may be present in the feed-stock.  The m-and p-isomers are preferably oxidized to carbon dioxide and water.  The oxidation is effected by using an oxygen-containing gas, e.g. air, and contacting the vapours at elevated temperature over an oxidation catalyst, e.g. vanadium oxide, or a mixture of this with molybdenum and manganese oxides on an inert carrier such as granular aluminium; a nonporous catalyst is desirable.  Cooling is employed to control the temperature of the exothermic reaction, which may be as low as 800 DEG  F., but a portion, e.g. 1/6 -\ba1/3 of the catalyst bed, should be at 990 DEG to 1175 DEG  F.  The air to hydrocarbon molar ratio should be at least 50 : 1, preferably from 50 : 1 to 150 : 1, and may be 300 : 1 or more.  The mixture of gases and vapours obtained after oxidation is preferably cooled to a temperature below that at which phthalic anhydride separates and above that at which liquid water appears, e.g. between 100-150 DEG  F. and normal temperature; alternatively, if the vapours are cooled below the water dew-point, then water reacts with the anhydride to give phthalic acid.  A suitable apparatus for the complete process is described.  In the examples: (1-4) xylenes containing 85 per cent of o-isomer and 15 per cent of m-and p-isomers are oxidized with air using a vanadium oxide catalyst to give a 94 per cent yield (calculated on the o-isomer) of phthalic anhydride; (5) xylenes as above, mixed with naphthalene, are oxidized to phthalic anhydride.
Patent GB-299554-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to sliding doors, panels, drawers and the like for cupboards, show cases, and like enclosures
IPC: A47B88/14
Filed: 1927-08-19
Abstract: 299,554. Osborne, F. Aug. 19, 1927. Cabinets; drawers.-Sliding doors or drawers for cabinets are mounted on rollers d by means of a channelled attachment plate b, slotted to allow the rollers to protrude and to provide ledges e on which their trunnions g may run. Above the trunnions a thrust piece f of inverted channel shape is fitted which can be connected to the attachment plate by tangs h.
Patent GB-1374004-A (GB)
Title: High-density casting composition
IPC: C04B28/14
Filed: 1972-05-11
Abstract: 1374004 Plaster cement LAMBERT FRERES & CIE 11 May 1972 22010/72 Heading C1H A high density plaster composition comprises calcium sulphate hemihydrate 60-95% Portland cement, 5-40% a setting retardant and a plasticizer in an amount which allows casting with a water :powder ratio of not more than 0À45. Natural or synthetic anhydrite which can replace part of the hemihydrate sand, limestone, silica pozzolamic material, vinyl polymers and copolymers and fatty alkaline earth salts may also be present. Retardants specified are amines, proteins, e.g. degraded keratics, aminated acids, aliphatic acids and complexing agents. Plasticizers specified are methyl, hydroxyethy and hydroxypropyl celluloses.
Patent GB-924014-A (GB)
Title: New hemiacetals and hemiacetal esters of the androstane series and a method for their production
Inventor: BORREVANG POUL
IPC: C07J1/00
Filed: 1960-06-23
Abstract: The invention comprises steroid hemiacetals of the general formulae:- <FORM:0924014/IV(a)/1> <FORM:0924014/IV(a)/2> (in which R1 is a hydrogen atom, a lower saturated aliphatic group or an unsaturated group, the said group containing not more than 3 carbon atoms; R2 is a b -hydroxy group or a radical connected in the b -position to the steroid molecule and having the formula:-OCHR6R7, in which R6 is an aliphatic radical unsubstituted or substituted with halogen atoms or aromatic or heterocyclic groups, and R7 is a free or esterified hydroxy group; R3 is a hydrogen atom or, together with R4, an oxygen atom, R4 is an a -hydroxy group, a b -hydroxy group or the radical -OCHR6R7, provided that when R2 is not -OCHR6R7, R4 must be the said radical; R5 is a hydrogen or halogen atom or a hydroxy group; y is a single or double bond, and x is a single bond when y is a single bond, and either a single or a double bond when y is a double bond) testosterone chloral-hemiacetal and testosterone chloral-hemiacetal esters being excluded, together with a process for their preparation by reacting a compound of the above general formulae (in which R2 is a b -hydroxy group and R4 is an a -hydroxy group, a b -hydroxy group or together with R3 is an oxygen atom, the other symbols being as defined above) with an aliphatic aldehyde, or its hydrate, which may contain as substituents at least halogen atoms, an aromatic group including a phenoxy group, or a heterocyclic group, and recovering the hemiacetal or dihemiacetal produced.  The invention is illustrated by 23 detailed examples.  The Provisional Specification refers to Specification 862,531.
Patent GB-470802-A (GB)
Title: Heat meter for flowing liquids or gases
IPC: G01K17/02
Filed: 1936-08-11
Abstract: 470,802. Measuring heat quantities. BRUN, O. C., and BRUN, J. C. Aug. 11, 1936, No. 22068. Convention date, Aug. 12, 1935. [Class 97 (iii)] A meter for the quantity of heat conveyed by a flow of fluid in a pipe comprises a tempperature responsive member within a casing, which is heated by a byepass current and acts as a cooling means and heat accumulator of such a capacity that its temperature reaches a stationary value only after considerable delay. The byepass current is considerably cooled by the meter so that the stationary temperature depends on the rate of flow of the fluid, as well as on its temperature. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the casing 7 containing a vessel from which liquid is evaporated in accordance with the quantity of heat is secured by bolts to a pipe section 2 containing a Venturi throat. Insulating gaskets 10 are interposed between the casing 7 and pipe 2. Passages 5, 11 and 6, 12 are provided to byepass a part of the fluid flowing in the pipe 2 through a chamber 13 in the casing 7. In the modification shown in Fig. 2, the evaporation vessel is replaced by a series of thermocouples 17 carried by an insulator 14. The casing is filled with a paraffin 15 which commences to fuse at the lowest temperature occurring in practice and thus increases the heat capacity of the meter.
Patent GB-460781-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fans, rotors, and the like
IPC: F04D19/02
Filed: 1935-08-06
Abstract: 460,781. Screw fans and windmills. SPOONER, W. W. Aug. 6, 1935, No. 22112. [Classes 110 (i) and 110 (iii)] A screw fan, propeller, or windmill comprises two or more coaxial rings of blades, or rotors, of different diameter, each independently mounted for rotation at speeds inversely proportioned to the diameter so as to preserve a uniform airflow without the necessity for excessive angularity of blade in the outermost rotor. The blades are mounted in separate rotors X, Y, Z, driven at the same peripheral speed by belts or friction pulleys acting on the outer sheaths, or the rotors may be interconnected by epicyclic gearing. Alternatively, the front rotor only may be positively driven, the successive rotors being driven by the slip stream from the preceding rotor, for which purpose the blades of the successive rotors radially overlap as shown, or each successive rotor may have a separate ring of blades to receive the slip stream from the preceding rotor. For use as a windmill the several rotors may drive a common shaft through gears of different ratio. A single rotor with concentric rings of blades of increasing angle is described, but forms no part of the invention, and according to the Provisional Specification stationary blades may be provided in series with the rotor to reduce whirling motion of the air.
Patent GB-223363-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electro-magnetic sound reproducers
IPC: H04R13/02
Filed: 1923-09-04
Abstract: 223,363. Fuller's United Electric Works, Ltd., and Welch, A. P. Sept. 4, 1923. Magnetic instruments.-In a loud-speaking telephone, the electromagnetic mechanism is mounted in a cup c, Fig. I, which fits closely in a circular sleeve a forming part of the base b and having secured to it by a pin f a screw e engaging a threaded hole g in the base. The gap between the magnets and the diaphragm is adjusted by rotating the screw e by means of a lever h. In a modification, Fig. III, the screw is rotated by bevel gearing m, l operated by a knob p, and the screw e is hollow to contain the wires w making electric connection with the telephone mechanism.
Patent GB-996229-A (GB)
Title: Means for sampling and mixing fluids
Inventor: BERGEN STEPHEN ARCHBOLD
IPC: G01N30/20
Filed: 1963-06-04
Abstract: 996,229. Sampling liquids. CAMBRIDGE INSTRUMENT CO. Ltd. June 2, 1964 [June 4, 1963], No. 22264/63. Heading B8N. [Also in Division B1] A device for introducing a sample from a stream of liquid into a carrier gas, such as for chromatographic analysis, comprises a plug or disc valve including a cylindrical or disc-like rotor R mounted in a body B and having a passage P the ends of which communicate, in one position of the rotor, with a pair of inlet and outlet connections I1, O1 in fluid-tight sealing engagement with the rotor surface, a second pair of inlet and outlet connections 12, 02 being provided which are not in fluid-tight sealing engagement with the rotor. As shown in Fig. 1, the plug is of cylindrical form and the ends of the inlet and outlet connections I1, O1 where they contact the plug are each sealed by a pair of 0-rings C. A clearance space is provided between the surface of the plug and the body so that a continuous flow of liquid may take place through the inlet and outlet connection I2, O2; an O-ring D is located between the latter connections in order to impede the flow therebetween so as to ensure that gas flows into the passage P. In the modification shown in Fig. 3, the rotor is in the form of a disc and the inlet and outlet connections I1, O1 are provided with O-rings C in sealing contact with the rotor, the inlet and outlet I2, 02 leading into the hollow body on opposite sides of the rotor; alternatively the inlet 12 may be on the same side of the body as the outlets O1 02 and lead into a bore formed in the rotor.
Patent GB-1078746-A (GB)
Title: Internal combustion engine
IPC: F02M1/10
Filed: 1965-05-26
Abstract: 1,078,746. Spray carburetters. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. May 26, 1965 [May 28, 1964], No.22302/65. Heading F1B. An automatically operated carburetter choke valve 17 is connected through linkage 29 to a bi-metallic spring (not shown) enclosed in a housing 22 which has a cover 26. Warm air from a heat exchanger 32 on the engine exhaust manifold is led through a pipe 33 to the interior of the housing 22. An element 44, secured to the housing 22, is shaped to provide a baffle 45, which diverts air flowing over the engine away from the housing, and a part 59, which clamps an engine coolant conduit 41 against the cover 26 to ensure that the choke valve is not closed when the warmed-up engine is stopped briefly.
Patent GB-366041-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in liquid fuels
IPC: C10L1/183
Filed: 1930-07-24
Abstract: Motor spirit.--Liquid fuels, such as motor benzol or cracked hydrocarbons, are mixed with a small amount, e.g. 0,01-0,1 per cent, of a -naphthol to prevent discolouration and the formation of gum therein.  Anthracene or other protecting agent may also be added; 0,005 per cent is suitable.
Patent GB-1191260-A (GB)
Title: Bonding Vinyl Chloride Polymer Resins by Polyurethanes
Inventor: KEBERLE WOLFGANG
IPC: C09J175/04
Filed: 1969-05-02
Abstract: 1,191,260. Vinyl chloride polymer laminates. FARBENFABRIKEN BAYER A.G. 2 May, 1969 [17 May, 1968], No. 22421/69. Heading B5N. [Also in Division C3] Layers of plasticizer-containing vinyl chloride polymer resins are bonded to one another or to other materials by using as adhesive an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyhydroxyl compound of molecular weight 300-10,000 and, if desired, a chain extender of molecular weight up to 500; the polyhydroxyl compound is (a) a polyester of an alkane dicarboxylic acid containing 6 or more C atoms, an alkane diol containing a straight chain of at least 4 C atoms and if desired a hydroxyalkane monocarboxylic acid containing at least 4 C atoms, or a lactone thereof, (b) a polyester of the hydroxyalkane monocarboxylic acid or lactone of (a), or (c) a polyether having at least 4 C atoms between ether O atoms. The vinyl chloride polymers may be polyvinyl chloride, or a copolymer with vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, styrene or acrylonitrile. Other materials specified as layers are leather, wood, woven and nonwoven textiles, synthetic resins, rubber, paper, cardboard, metals, minerals and ceramics. The examples describe preparation of P.V.C.- P.V.C. and leather-P.V.C. laminates. The surfaces to be bonded may be initially roughened. The adhesive may be applied by brush, spatula or mechanical means, and may optionally be dried and reactivated by infra-red radiation before bonding. The polyurethane dispersions may include wetting agents, thickeners and fillers; carboxylate groups may be included in the polyurethane to serve an emulsifying function. Alternatively vinyl chloride polymer may be injection moulded at 150-180‹ C. on to adhesive-coated leather.
Patent GB-1055397-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to granular acrylonitrile-styrene rubber type polymers
IPC: C08F279/04
Filed: 1964-05-29
Abstract: A process for making granular acrylonitrile-styrene rubber-type polymers comprises forming a particulated gel of natural or synthetic rubber swollen with a monomer mixture of acrylonitrile and styrene or liquid substituted derivatives thereof, dispersing the gel particles in an aqueous medium to form a suspension, introducing a catalyst to the gel prior to polymerization, and polymerizing the disperse phase to obtain a granular polymer.  As synthetic rubber there are specified polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers, chloroprene polymers and synthetic polyisoprene.  Specified monomer derivatives are alkylated and halogenated styrenes, e.g. alpha-methyl-styrene, and methacrylonitrile.  Polymerization catalysts exemplified are benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, and t-butyl hydroperoxide/FeCl3/sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate; a chain transfer agent is generally present, e.g. n-dodecyl or t-dodecyl mercaptan.  In one example, an antioxidant, viz. 4,41-thiobis-(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), is added to the polymerization product.