baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-636600-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing cyanamide and polymers thereof
Inventor: COURTIER ARMAND JEAN
IPC: C01C3/16
Filed: 1947-02-11
Abstract: Cyanamide or polymers thereof are made by liberating cyanamide from a compound thereof in the presence of water to form an aqueous solution of cyanamide, extracting the solution with an organic solvent for cyanamide, or with a mixture of such solvents, and heating or distilling the resulting extract below 80 DEG  C. to produce cyanamide or from 80-130 DEG  C. to produce dicyandiamide. Cyanamide may be liberated from an aqueous suspension of an insoluble compound thereof, e.g. calcium cyanamide, by the action of an acid or mixture of acids, e.g. formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric and sulphuric acids and carbon dioxide.  Where acids are used that form soluble calcium salts, graphite present as impurity in the calcium cyanamide may be recovered by filtration or centrifuging, and the acid may be recovered for re-use in the process by treating the mother liquors with sulphuric acid and removing precipitated calcium sulphate, or where nitric acid is used, the acid solution after solvent extraction may be concentrated and calcium nitrate crystallized out.  Organic solvents used include alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, acids, amines, nitriles and nitro-derivatives and mixtures thereof, one of which may be miscible with water. Polymerization may be enhanced by the addition of ammonia or amines.ALSO:Melamine is made by liberating cyanamide from a compound thereof in the presence of water to form an aqueous solution of cyanamide, extracting the solution with an organic solvent for cyanamide or with a mixture of such solvents, and heating the resulting extract above 130 DEG  C.  Organic solvents used include alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, acids, amines, nitriles and nitro-derivatives.  Polymerization may be enhanced by the addition of ammonia or amines.  In one example carbon dioxide is passed into a solution of calcium cyanamide in an exhausted solution of cyanamide in a receptacle maintained at 40 DEG  C., and the solution extracted in a washing tower by a mixture of butylamine and butyl ether.  The resulting extract is dehydrated by vacuum distillation, maintained at 220 DEG  C. under reduced pressure to separate out melamine, which is then filtered and the solvent returned to the extraction step.  In another example a 10 per cent hydrochloric acid solution is neutralized by calcium cyanamide and after removal of graphite by filtration is extracted with a mixture of ethyl acetate and diphenyl ether.  The extract is distilled to remove ethyl acetate and water and the remaining solution heated to boiling to separate out melamine.
Patent GB-539333-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the lubrication of textile materials
IPC: D06M13/292
Filed: 1940-03-04
Abstract: 539,333. Lubricating of yarns or filaments. BRITISH CELANESE, Ltd. March 4, 1940, No. 4017. Convention date, March 4, 1939. [Class 15 (ii)] [Also in Group III] Cellulose ester or ether yarns or filaments are lubricated with a composition comprising a mineral oil, a softening agent for the ester or ether, an aryl phosphate, a higher fatty acid and an alkylolamine. The oil is preferably a water-white mineral oil; the softening agent is preferably a sulphonated vegetable oil, a sulphonated alcohol, an oxidized oil of the type of oxidized sperm, olive, or tea seed oil, or a mixture of any of these, the aryl phosphate is preferably tricresyl higher fatty acid and the alkylolamine are preferably present in substantially equivalent proportions. A small quantity of mineral oil, e.g. sperm oil, or of a higher alcohol or both may be added to the composition. Examples are given.
Patent GB-1253492-A (GB)
Title: Polarographic sensor
Inventor: STERNBERG J C
IPC: A61B5/1468
Filed: 1970-01-28
Abstract: 1,253,492. Electro-chemical analysis. BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS Inc. Jan.28, 1970 [Feb.14, 1969], No.4059/70. Heading G1N. A pair of membranes 16, 18 are held tightly over coaxial rod and tube electrodes 12, 14 by e.g. a silicone rubber tube 24 enclosing electrolyte 26. The inner membrane has a hole over (or slightly smaller than) the tip of the sensing electrode 12, Figs.2, 3 (not shown) and is preferably of polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene chloride, or like material which is non-absorbent and impermeable to oxygen, but conducts water along its surface. The cell may have noble metal electrodes polarized by an applied voltage or be selfpolarized by a zinc, cadmium or lead electrode. The outer membrane may be P.T.F.E, polyethylene, polypropylene or silicone rubber.
Patent GB-470459-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to photographic copy-holding and enlarging frames
IPC: G03B27/62
Filed: 1936-02-11
Abstract: 470,459. Enlarging and copying apparatus. NADIN, A. Feb. 11, 1936, No. 4138. [Class 98 (i)] Copy-holding and enlarging frames used in the vertical position comprise a back-board 3, to which is hinged the frame 1 carrying the cover glass 2; between the back-board and frame is interposed a divided back, part of which 5 is hingedly connected to the backboard along its outer edge and pressed outwardly by spring means so that when the frame 1 is being closed upon the back-board the inner edge of the part 5 first makes contact with the cover glass 2 to hold the copy or sensitized paper 14 against it. Preferably the hinges of the part 5 are carried on spring arms 6 fixed to the back-board. As shown, the other part 9 of the back may be hinged to.the part 5 and resiliently connected at the outer edge to the back-board. Alternatively the part 9 may be a separate piece fixed on to and parallel to the back-board. Resilient pads 13 are fixed to the back-board as shown.
Patent GB-1417183-A (GB)
Title: Detergent bars
IPC: C11D9/30
Filed: 1972-01-28
Abstract: 1417183 Detergent bars UNILEVER Ltd 26 Jan 1973 [28 Jan 1972] 4180/72 Heading C5D A detergent bar for use in personal washing comprises (A) from 20 to 55% by wt. of a watersoluble lactate salt with optional partial replacement of the lactate by a water-soluble glutamate salt, provided that the lactate is present in at least 10% by wt.; and (B) 45 to 80% by wt. soap and/or synthetic detergent surfactant and additives known for use in a detergent bar. The salts are alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolamine salts. The synthetic surfactants may be anionic, nonionic, cationic or amphateric, e.g. sodium coconut isethionate; mixtures of sodium coconut isethionate with C 10 -C 18  fatty acids; mixtures of sodium coconut isethionate with stearic acid, sodium tallow soap, sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate and sodium isethionate. Other moisturizing agents such as 2-pyrrolidone- 5-carboxylic acid and its salts, hydrolysed proteins and salts of N-acetyl glycine may be present.
Patent GB-607799-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicle guards
IPC: B60R19/26
Filed: 1946-02-11
Abstract: 607,799. Vehicle guards. BLENKINSOP, F. L. Feb. 11, 1946, Nos. 4208 and 17512. [Class 103 (ii)] In a vehicle guard of the kind described in Specification 487,689, the inflatable cushions k<SP>3</SP> are supported at the apex of the guard by springs i<SP>1</SP> from a vertical strut i removably supported in tubes h<SP>1</SP>, h<SP>3</SP>, carried by the framework of the guard, the lower tube h3 being hinged at h<SP>6</SP> to swing out of the path of the starting handle when the cushions are removed. The sides of the cushions are supported from the framework by springs k<SP>2</SP> and deflector plates f are attached to the framework to direct air to the radiator. The tubes h<SP>1</SP>, h3 may contain stronger springs than the springs i<SP>1</SP> to provide progressively increasing resistance.
Patent GB-333265-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the construction of spring surfaces for upholstery and the like
IPC: A47C27/22
Filed: 1929-02-08
Abstract: 333,265. Varley, J. W. Feb. 8, 1929. Spring surfaces.-Disconnected sections c of channel or U-shaped rubber are arranged crown uppermost on a base and are covered by flexible or rigid material, which is not secured to the rubber sections, to form the upholstery or floor surface m. The underside of the assemblage may, in the case of chair upholstery, be reinforced by wire fabric g or by a base member resiliently suspended from the arms of the chair. Padding e may be inserted in the spaces between the rubber sections and rubber strips can also be arranged across these spaces. A layer of interlaced rubber strips backed by padding can be used to cover the rubber sections. If desired two or more rubber sections may be superposed. Specification 7277/94 is referred to.
Patent GB-1408127-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing a steel product having an oxidation-resistant coating
IPC: C23C4/18
Filed: 1974-01-30
Abstract: 1408127 Coating steel; decarburizing SOC ANON COCKERILL-OUGREE-PROVIDENCE ET ESPERANCE-LONG DOZ EN ABREGE "COCKERILL" 30 Jan 1974 [30 Jan 1973] 04238/74 Headings C7D and C7F Mild steel is coated with Cr, Ni, Co, and/or Mo or an alloy of at least one of these with Fe and is then heat-treated (a) in dry H 2  to cause diffusion (b) in a decarburizing atmosphere and (c) in dry H2. The coating is applied by flame - or arc-spraying or spreading followed by compaction; the starting powder may have a C content of 0.02-1.00%, and the coating thickness may be 50-100 Ám. Step _ (b) is carried out in CO 2  or wet H2, and preferred heat treatment steps are (a) dry H2 at 700-1300‹C for 16 to “ hr, (b) in wet H2 at 900-1300‹C for 4 to “ hr and (c) dry H 2  at 1000-1300‹C for 48 to 10 hr. The product may be subsequently rolled and recrystallization annealed.
Patent GB-1301029-A (GB)
Title: Process and composition for the anti-static treatment of acrylic fibers
IPC: D06M101/16
Filed: 1970-01-29
Abstract: 1301029 Acrylonitrile polymer fibres MITSUBISHI RAYON CO Ltd 29 Jan 1970 [28 Feb 1969] 4275/70 Heading B5B [Also in Divisions C3 and D1] Acrylonitrile polymer fibres in the aqua-gel state are rendered antistatic by treating with compositions comprising (1) a polymeric cationic antistatic agent containing at least 50% by weight of units of a monomer of the formula wherein R 1  to R 5  are the same or different and represent H or C 1 -C 12  alkyl and n is an integer not exceeding 20, (2) an anionic surface-active agent of the formula where R is a saturated or unsaturated monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1-22 carbon atoms, X is H (in which case the surface-active compound is in the form of a salt with a tertiary amine) or a monovalent metal ion, k is 0 or an integer of 1-100, and l and m are 1 or 2 and l+m = 3, and (3) an agent for improving the hand feeling of the fibres to be treated, which agent is a softening agent or a smoothing agent or a mixture of these agents. The fibres may be wet spun "neverdried" fibres, or may be made by dry-spinning followed by treatment in a boiling water bath to give the aqua-gel structure. The compositions are preferably used in the form of aqueous dispersions and may include a dispersing agent, e.g. a nonionic or ampholytic surface-active agent such as poly(ethylene oxide/propylene oxide), and, if desired, an anti-foaming agent, e.g. a silicone compound. If desired, components (1) and (2) can be applied separately to the fibres. The antistatic agent (1) may include as a comonomer component a monomer of the formula where R 6  is H or C 1 -C 5  alkyl, R 7  is H or C 1 - C 22  alkyl optionally substituted by a phenyl group, and n is an integer from 1-200. Suitable as smoothing agents are carboxylic acid (C 10 -C 20 ) esters of alcohols such as sorbitol, glucose and glycols or polyglycols, and ethers such as anisole. Preferred softening agents are certain compounds containing amide and ammonium salt groups, an example of which is the 1 : 1 molar condensation product of acetic acid and α,#-dihydroxyethyl-α<SP>1</SP>,#<SP>1</SP>-di(#-stearylamidoethyl) urea. In certain cases it is advantageous to use dimethylpolysiloxane or methyl hydrogen polysiloxane to prevent the fibres from sticking together.
Patent GB-471845-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the refining of sugar solutions, particularly solutions containing dextrose
IPC: C13K1/08
Filed: 1937-02-12
Abstract: In the production of dextrose from converted starch solutions, and in which the liquor is passed through a bone char filter, the water used for washing out the sugar remaining in the filter is treated with adsorbent material, e.g. 0,2 to 0,5 per cent activated carbon at 160 DEG  F., before being returned for recovery of its dextrose content.
Patent GB-161389-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in washing plungers, dollies and the like
IPC: D06F15/00
Filed: 1920-02-12
Abstract: 161,389. Taylor, A. Feb. 12, 1920. Washing-plungers.-The plunger head is formed of two mutually-inclined tapering side members a inter-connected by cross-bars f thus form a cagelike structure. One or more tie-rods g may be employed and the side members may be perforated as at e. The handle may be fitted into a cap secured to the upper ends of the members a.
Patent GB-566861-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in fur feeding machines
IPC: D04H1/72
Filed: 1943-03-17
Abstract: 566,861. Fur - feeding machines. DORAN BROS., Inc. March 17, 1943, No. 4330. Convention date, March 17, 1942. [Class 78 (i)] A fur-feeding machine comprises a hopper 10, into which the fur is thrown, and an endless conveyer 11 which feeds the fur in a non- matted condition through the open base of an exhaust box 82, the sides of which may be of glass. The conveyer consists of a plurality of transverse parallel wooden slats 24, having chamfered outer edges, mounted on a carrying belt. The slats are fitted with outstanding prongs 26 which engage the fur and carry it over the upper roller 22 underneath a curved guide plate 90. The fur is then stripped off the prongs 26 by a brush 13 rotating more rapidly than the roller 22. A plurality of stationary vertical rods 14 lie in grooves formed in the slats 24 and carry prongs 14a projecting horizontally beyond the working depth of the prongs 26 to restrict the movement of the fur in the reservoir to a layer parallel to the conveyer and to strip the fur and prevent matting. Vertical bars 34 connected by horizontal angleirons 36 form a rear support for the working traverse of the conveyer. The fur is .pressed downward by a gate 12 hinged at 18 and raisable by an adjustable external side handle. A motor 39 drives the roller 22 and the brush 13 and imparts through a rotating cam a pulsating movement to the gate at any position in which it may happen to be lying. The conveyer belt can be adjusted in tension by a screw-controlled lever 32, and the motor 39 can be raised and lowered by a handle 47 for drive-belt change-over and tensioning. A catch is provided for holding the gate 12 raised.
Patent GB-607822-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for cleaning ballast
IPC: E01B27/06
Filed: 1946-02-12
Abstract: 607,822. Sifting-apparatus. ABTUS, Ltd., and TUSTAIN, E. H. Feb. 12, 1946, No. 4363. [Class 117] Apparatus for cleaning railway ballast comprises a framework A on legs B, a hopper E with screen F, supported by pivoted links C, D, and oscillated by means of an internal combustion engine I which is supported on cross bearers H and drives, through a clutch L and reducing gear, eccentrics O connected by rods R to the hopper. The screen F may be bolted to the hopper or detachably mounted on studs so as to be reversible. Baffles Y are provided on the screen. The legs B of the framework are connected by axles provided with centrally-located rollers X which can be used on one of the track rails
Patent GB-1411917-A (GB)
Title: Address display devices
IPC: B65D27/00
Filed: 1973-01-29
Abstract: 1411917 Address display device; package P L E BOUDET 29 Jan 1973 [2 Feb 1972] 4429/73 Headings B8F and B8C A re-usable address display device comprises a transparent sheet 1 of flexible material having marginal adhesive strips 2, 3 for fixing the device to an envelope, package or parcel, and separate peelable strips 4, 5 for protecting separate parallel adhesive zones of one marginal adhesive strip 3. The sheet 1 may have a threedixensional configuration to accommodate an article or it may be planar. The address displayed may be provided directly on the envelope, &c., or it may be provided on a document held on the envelope &c., by the device.
Patent GB-162127-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in flexible couplings
IPC: F16D3/78
Filed: 1920-02-13
Abstract: 162,127. Howorth, E., and Moss, F. H., (trading as Dean, Howorth & Co.). Feb. 13, 1920. Universal joints.-In yielding couplings or universal joints for motor-vehicle transmission shafts &c., in which a disc built up of layers of hide or leather is bolted or otherwise attached at alternate points to the arms of two spiders mounted respectively on the two shaft-sections, such as are described for instance in Specification 13990/14, the disc A is reinforced on its surfaces and between each layer around the boltholes by pieces B of rawhide, fibre, or other tcugh non-metallic material, riveted or otherwise secured to the disc and embedded therein when the layers are pressed together in order to increase its strength and durability. The layers are wire-sewn around their outer edges, or otherwise attached together.
Patent GB-1254514-A (GB)
Title: Spirometer
IPC: A61B5/091
Filed: 1970-01-30
Abstract: 1,254,514. Spirometers. SUTTER HOSPITALS MEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION. 30 Jan., 1970 [3 Feb., 1969], No. 4453/ 70. Heading ASK. A spirometer comprises a transducer for converting the flow rate of exhaled human breath into an electrical output signal, means responsive to the transducer output for effecting a connection by a switch between the transducer output and an input of an integrating circuit, means for producing a signal representative of the volume of breath produced by a normal person in a given time, and means for comparing the integrator output with this representative signal and for producing a signal representative of the comparison which is displayed by an indicator. The output from a flow meter 10, such as a hot wire anemometer, is fed to a calibrator comprising a D-C amplifier A, which compares this output with that from a known flow rate source to yield an output voltage representing the patient's exhalation rate which latter output, if above a predetermined level, triggers a unijunction transistor U 1  controlling a timer consisting of a monostable multivibrator comprising transistors T 1 , T 2 . The quasi-stable period of the timer is set by a rheostat RT to equal 1 second, during which period the timer supplies an output signal which opens a gate comprising transistors T 3 , T 4 . The output from amplifier A 1  is shorted to ground via transistor T, when the gate is closed and passes to an integrator comprising a high gain D-C amplifier A 2  and capacitor Cf when the gate is open. The output of amplifier A 2  is fed via an adder amplifier A 3  to give an output therefrom which represents the volume of air exhaled during the first second of exhalation which is displayed on a meter 17. This volume may be compared with that from a normal patient of the same age, height and sex by closing a switch SW 4  which adjusts the input impedance of the amplifier A 3  by means of fixed and pre-set resistors R 17  to R 31  which are adjusted so that a normal exhalation volume gives a centre scale reading on the meter.
Patent GB-441583-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ink ribbon feeding mechanism for use in printing or recording apparatus or machines
IPC: B41J33/518
Filed: 1935-02-12
Abstract: 441,583. Ink - ribbon mechanism. LANDIS & GYR AKT.-GES., 1, Hofstrasse, Zug, Switzerland. Feb. 12, 1935, No. 4484. Convention date, March 21, 1934. [Class 100 (iv)] In an ink-ribbon feed for a typewriter or other recording-apparatus in which a protuberance on the ribbon effects the engagement and disengagement of feed and detent pawls for each spool, the two feed-pawls 28, 29 are carried by a tilting member 27 which receives its feed motion from an oscillatory lever 24, and the detent-pawls 34, 35 are carried by a rocking member 31, the member 27 and member 31 being directly connected to and substantially simultaneously operated by a lever 36 actuated by the protuberances on the ribbon 18. The member 27 is pivoted directly to the cam-operated lever 24, and connected to the member 31 by an overcentre spring 32. The member 31 is mounted on the frame plate 6. The lever 36 is provided with two lugs 42 through slots in which passes the ribbon 18, and with two pins 38, 40 engaging respectively with recesses 39, 41 in the members 31, 27. The lever is pivoted to the frame and connected to it by an over-centre spring 37. The ribbon passes between spools 14 coupled by pin-and-slot connections to ratchetwheels 13, and held onto the shafts by springs engaging over their edges. Eyelets on the ribbon 18 rock the lever 36 and thus, after lost motion, the members 31, so that the feed is reversed. The complete feeding and reversing mechanism is mounted in frame plates 6, which are secured to the machine by screws passing through slots 8.
Patent GB-1026857-A (GB)
Title: Improved compressor
IPC: F25B31/02
Filed: 1965-02-02
Abstract: 1,026,857. Compressors. TRANE CO. Feb. 2, 1965 [Feb. 3, 1964], No. 4486/65. Heading F1N. In an hermetically sealed motor compressor, Fig. 2 (not shown), the electric motor 32 thereof is provided with a separate enclosure 36 having inlets formed in its end wall 38 adjacent the compressor 30 and an outlet 96 in its end wall 92 remote from the compressor 30, the arrangement being such that gas enters the motor compressor casing 12 through an inlet 14 and flows through the enclosure 36 to cool the motor, and passes therefrom through the outlet 96 into a pair of rectangular conduits 108 each communicating with a suction muffler 106 having an outlet 112 leading to the common suction manifold 114 of a pair of cylinders 44. Each pair of cylinders 44 is arranged in the same vertical plane and has pistons 72 reciprocable therein by a crankshaft 60 having two crank throws 66, 68 disposed at 90 degrees to each other. Gas compressed in each pair of cylinders passes through respective discharge valves 118 into a recess 130 formed in, but sealed from, the associated suction manifold 114. Gas admitted to the recess 130 of each suction manifold, Fig. 3 (not shown) flows via a passage 134 into a common discharge manifold 138 provided with a discharge muffler in the form of a perforated tube 148 connected to an outlet conduit 16. A temperature switch 104 connected in series with the motor is provided.
Patent GB-424188-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a process of and means for use in degumming decorticated fibres, tow and like material
IPC: D01C1/02
Filed: 1933-05-15
Abstract: 424,188. Degumming decorticated fibres, tow, &c. STRAW FIBRES, Ltd., 128, Bishopsgate, London, and TIRAFERRI, L. R., 17, Via Mazzini, Bologna, Italy. May 15, 1933, No. 4615. [Class 120 (i)] Decorticated fibres or tow obtained by processes other than those disclosed in Specifications 408,007, 424,153, and 424,187, are degummed by subjecting the fibres or tow, with or without an initial immersion in hot or cold water, to the action of an aqueous solution of saponified casein and heat at atmospheric pressure in an open vat or tank, or under pressure in an autoclave, the contents being stirred constantly or intermittently. Decorticated ramie or rhea, flax, hemp, waste hemp and/or tow obtained therefrom are treated in an autoclave with saponified casein at from 125-150‹ C. and under 2-3 atmospheres pressure for approximately 30-40 minutes, the contents being agitated and subsequently washed with water. Specification 424,189 also is referred to.