baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CH-654883-A5 (CH)
Title: Expanding dowel
Inventor: RUTHER OSKAR
IPC: F16B13/06
Filed: 1981-07-13
Abstract: The expanding dowel comprises a cylindrical sleeve body (1) and an expansion body (2) in the form of a truncated cone, which bodies are designed in one piece and are connected to each other via a breakable connection. Stops (6) are provided on the sleeve body (1) in order to prevent a separation of the expansion body (2) from the sleeve body (1) when the screw is inserted. The expansion body has a conical hole which extends in the radial direction, tapers towards the free end and is slotted, starting from the free end, over most of its length. On tightening the screw, not only the sleeve body (1), but also the expansion body (2), is expanded, as a result of which the tightening values are increased considerably. <IMAGE>
Patent CH-619505-A5 (CH)
Title: Fastening on a swing door, especially for insulating containers
Inventor: LIENHARD ERWIN
IPC: E05C9/08
Filed: 1977-04-22
Abstract: Mounted in the door edge zone remote from the door hinge is a shaft (1), on one end of which, projecting from the door (T), an actuating and locking lever (2) is fixed. The longer arm (2a) of this lever is resiliently flexible in a plane containing the shaft axis, but is essentially rigid in its plane perpendicular to this, in such a way that it can be lifted by bending out of the locking position, in which it engages behind a boss (3) fastened to the door (T). The shorter arm acting as a locking arm and a locking arm (4) corresponding to it and fixed to the other shaft end bear, in their operative position, against web parts (5a, 6a) of U-shaped staples (5 and 6) which are assigned to them and which are fastened to the part having the door aperture. The fastening, intended especially for insulating containers, is robust and simple to use. <IMAGE>
Patent CH-577725-A5 (CH)
Title: Ionisation smoke or gas detector - uses two ionisation chambers in series and alarm circuit
IPC: G08B17/113
Filed: 1973-05-21
Abstract: The ionisation gas or smoke detector, for use in public building etc., responds to the detection of smoke fumes or gas, to actuate an alarm circuit. Two ionisation chambers are connected in series and supplied via a direct current source with electronic visualisation and signalling means for the detected gas etc. Prefererably the two ionisation chambers (7, 23) comprise a closed reference chamber (7) and a detection chamber (23) communicating with the environment the dividing wall between the two chambers (7, 23) acting as the common positive electrode for both chambers. The negative electrode in the detection chamber (23) may be formed by a rotatable disc (12) allowing the volume of the chamber to be regulated.
Patent CH-613618-A5 (CH)
Title: Cosmetic composition based on elastin
IPC: C11D9/40
Filed: 1976-06-22
Abstract: The cosmetic composition contains an elastin, which is fibrous or solubilised in the state of peptides. This composition is used in the form of a shampoo, lotion, foam bath milk or soap.
Patent CH-589614-A5 (CH)
Title: Sulphonated distyryl benzenes prodn - by condensing 4-methylstilbenes and sulphoanils in presence of strong base
IPC: C07C57/42
Filed: 1974-06-12
Abstract: Preparing 1,4-distyrylbenzenes (I) comprises reacting a 4-methyl stilbene (II) with anil (III) in presence of a strongly basic alkali cpd. in a strongly polar neutral-to-basic org. solvent. (rings, A, B, and C are opt. substd. by nonchromophoric gps. and 1 of A and C has a SO3M substit M=H or salt-forming cation; ring A can also represent naphthalene; Ar=opt. substd. aryl). Yields of (I) are food. (I) are optical brighteners for high mol. wt. org. materials e.g. for incorporation into detergent compsns or spinning melts.
Patent CH-651438-A5 (CH)
Title: Electronic rack
Inventor: HURNI HANS-ULRICH
IPC: H05K7/18
Filed: 1980-11-07
Abstract: The electronic rack (11) stands on a bearing pivot (31) and three rollers (32, 35, 38). The fixed axles (33, 36, 39) of the rollers are aligned radially to the pivot (31). The rollers can therefore be moved easily in arcs of a circle with their centre at the pivot (31), but only with difficulty in any other direction. If the corner (42) diagonally opposite the pivot is pulled or pushed, the electronic rack therefore turns around the pivot (31). <IMAGE>
Patent CH-624721-A5 (CH)
Title: Device for orientating and retaining the chain of stitches at the start of a seam.
Inventor: FIETTA EMILIO
IPC: D05B73/12
Filed: 1978-08-07
Abstract: The device is used to orientate a chain of stitches which has been cut from a previously sewn unfinished article. The device comprises a suction element (28, 29) capable of aligning the chain with the seam axis and a gripping element (26) for the cut chain, and also comprises a perforated plate disposed next to the entrance (29) of the duct to cut off that portion of the chain which projects from the device, in order to produce a uniform length of the chain to be incorporated in the initial stitches of a new seam. The suction element (28, 29) and the gripping element (26) are disposed on top of the same support (30) which is vertically movable in a guiding body (31). <IMAGE>
Patent CH-592629-A5 (CH)
Title: 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines - prepn. from 3,4-dihydroxphenethylamines, for anticonvulsant, vasodilating prods.
IPC: C07D217/16
Filed: 1973-06-19
Abstract: 1-Substd.-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (I): (R1, R2 = H, alkyl; R3 = phenyl having OH, halo, haloalkyl, NO2, NH2, mono- or di-substd. amino, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, acryloxy, aralkyoxy, lower alkylenedioxy; X = O, S), and their salts were prepd. by reacting 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamines (II): or their salts with R3-X-Y (Y = formylmethyl in which the formyl gp. is mono-(or di)acyl, thioacetal, hemithioacetal, Schiff's base, oxime, semicarbazone, or thiosemicarbazone of the hydrates, or (2-acyloxy)vinyl, (2-alkoxy)vinyl, (2-alkylthio)vinyl, (2-amino)vinyl. In an example, a mixt. of 0.12 g. 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine HCl, 0.2 g. 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-vinyl acetate, 5 ml. MeOH, 1 ml. H2O, and 1 drop 10% HCl was refluxed 22 hrs. to give 100 mg. 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoqui- noline HCl.
Patent CH-639593-A5 (CH)
Title: Device for ultrasonically welding the two ends of a band made of thermoplastic material
Inventor: HORVATH LASZLO S
IPC: B29C65/74
Filed: 1980-12-10
Abstract: The device serves to form a Möbius strip by superposing the two ends of a band at an angle of 120 DEG , welding the ends along a line at right angles to the bisectrix of the angle and separating the welded ends along the weld line. Next, one of the welded ends is unfolded so as to be aligned on the other end. In order to automate this method, grippers (11, 15) bring the end of each of two bands (17, 18) from a roll towards a welding station superimposing them at an angle of 120 DEG . Two blocks (5, 7) are actuated in order to move vertically with respect to each other, one (5) of the two blocks having a plane surface and emitting ultrasound, the other block (7) having a ridge (7a). Two tables (1, 2) move with respect to each other and define the welding station. Guide rollers (12, 16) separate the welded bands and unfold the two welded parts so as to align them and the block (5) flattens the weld beads (23a, 23b) on the tables (1, 2). <IMAGE>
Patent BE-1006530-A5 (BE)
Title: Boneless and skinless whole salmon and salmon trout, pasteurised undervacuum
Inventor: DALLEMAGNE OLIVIER
IPC: A23L17/00
Filed: 1990-08-17
Granted: 1994-10-11
Abstract: Salmon and sea trout are presented baked, skinned and boneless by liftingoff the fillets after baking and before pasteurisation. Pasteurisationrestores the original appearance of the homogenous block of the product, andenables storage in the refrigerator for three weeks.
Patent CH-595608-A5 (CH)
Title: Jacketing mines with heat-insulating plastic foam
Inventor: VONDERHAID OSKAR
IPC: F42B12/80
Filed: 1975-08-25
Abstract: The mines are insulated against heat using a jacket of nonflammable foamed plastic, pref. isocyanate-poly-addition-prods, partic polyisocyanurate, in a layer 0.5-3 (1) cm. thick.The plastic jacket is pref. in two parts, one of which is removed while the fuse is inserted.
Patent CH-605192-A5 (CH)
Title: Electric train with regenerative braking
Inventor: GASSER ERNST
IPC: B60L50/30
Filed: 1975-11-05
Abstract: Electric train with regenerative braking has toothed flywheel to link all drive units and generator
Patent CH-609625-A5 (CH)
Title: Method and installation for automatically loading at least one normal gauge railway waggon onto a truck moving on a narrow gauge railway network
Inventor: RAEBER VICTOR
IPC: B61J1/12
Filed: 1975-12-16
Abstract: The method consists in advancing the waggon on normal gauge rails (1) towards and above bogies (3, 4, 5) of a truck located on narrow gauge rails (2) and held stationary by a device (10-13). This device is unlocked by a wheel (20) of the waggon when this wheel (20) reaches the height of a pusher (9) which it actuates. Continuing its movement, the wheel (20) abuts against a lever (15) pivoted to the bogie and held in a raised position by the profile of an auxiliary rail (19), and carries along the said bogie. While the bogie follows the advance of the axle of the waggon, and by virtue of the convergence of the planes containing the rails, the axle descends towards the bogie so that its wheels come to rest on the bearing parts (14) of the bogie. <IMAGE>
Patent CH-696023-A5 (CH)
Inventor: HAGER HANS
IPC: A63B71/02
Filed: 2002-04-08
Abstract: The ball-playing device comprises a ball shovel (1) and a mount (2), with the ball shovel being fixed to a telescopic pole (6) of a scooter or an electric scooter. The ball shovel may be connected to the mount in such a way that movement of the shovel is enabled by a hinge (5). The ball shovel may be connected to the cable of a cable cord (3) that enables the ball shovel to be moved. The mount and the hinge may be made from metal, whilst the ball shovel may be flat, curved or perforated. The mount may be fixed to the telescopic pole of the scooter or the electric scooter. The cable cord may be fixed to the steering wheel (7).
Patent FR-2045117-A5 (FR)
Title: Leather treatment tumbler drum on tilted - axis
IPC: C14B1/00
Filed: 1969-06-05
Granted: 1971-02-26
Abstract: The drum is used for treating animal skins with powders and liquids, esp. for the pordn. of leather. The axis of the drum is inclined at a fairly steep angle to the horizontal; this produces a tumbling action which ensures that all skin surfaces receive equally thorough treatment. In a preferred construction, the drum is cylindrical and its lower end plate has a stub shaft held in a pedestal bearing; its upper end has a loading hole and an adjacent, circumferential driving ring, which serves to support the drum on two trunnion rollers, one of which is motor driven.
Patent FR-2064592-A5 (FR)
Title: Recovery of solvent extracted metal values
IPC: C22B60/02
Filed: 1969-10-01
Granted: 1971-07-23
Abstract: A water-immiscible org. solvent contng. extracted metal value (pref. U) is diluted with another org. solvent, miscible with it and with water, and the mixture then contacted with ion exchange resin. Spec. when the extractant is tributyl phosphate, (m)ethanol or propanol is added; when trilaurylamina, a heterocyclic solvent (pref. pyridine) is used. The acidity is adjusted before contacting with the ion-exchange resin. Small quantities only of resin are required which can be efficiently and selectively eluted using ca 1/1000 the volume of the org. mixture.
Patent FR-2098833-A5 (FR)
Title: Heat accumulation - for balancing off-peak and peak demands in a thermal power producing unit
IPC: F01K3/02
Filed: 1970-07-29
Granted: 1972-03-10
Abstract: Thermally operated power generating plant, partic. for storing heat during off-peak hours and re-using this in periods of peak demand, comprising a heat source, an expansion machine for the working fluid, means for circulating one or more fluids, a heat accumulator designed to receive or deliver heat by the flow there through of a heat transfer fluid, generally as described in FR 7021245, with the improvement comprising the incorporation of a compressor for compressing a fluid contg. the heat to be stored before transferring this heat to the accumulator.
Patent FR-2102927-A5 (FR)
Title: Overflow for mass transfer column tray
IPC: B01D3/20
Filed: 1970-08-31
Granted: 1972-04-07
Abstract: Overflow consists of a vertical duct with a closure device fitted, which opens automatically as a function of the amount of liquid present in the duct. Pref. the closure device is a return valve, mounted on hooks or hinged, and biassed towards closed position by counter-weight or spring. The variable orifice prevents flooding of tray at high liquid flow rates or spouting at low liquid flow rates.
Patent FR-2093619-A5 (FR)
Title: Continuous evaporator - fruit and tomato juices concentrated under controlled conditions for quality product
IPC: A23L2/10
Filed: 1971-05-14
Granted: 1972-01-28
Abstract: A continuous evaporator comprising an evaporating chamber and a heating chamber, a pump which recycles process fluid through the two chambers in series and a throttling valve which holds a higer pressure in the heater than in the evaporating chamber. The evaporator offers precise control of pressure and temp. conditions which can prevent carbonisation of the product with resulting damage to flavour and appearance. The flow of the process liquid is such that encrustation of heating surfaces is prevented. For concentrating liquid foods, partic. juices of vegetable products, e.g., orange juice, grapefruit juice, tomato juice.
Patent FR-2096056-A5 (FR)
Title: Drying of granular material - using constant depth bed
IPC: F26B9/10
Filed: 1971-06-08
Granted: 1972-02-11
Abstract: Material is placed on an inclined perforated support, inclined at an angle greater than the angle of repose of the material, and is maintained as a uniform thickness layer, whilst hot air is passed upwards through it to dry it. Pref. the uniform thickness layer is allowed to form automatically by allowing the material to flow under gravity down the support, with a number of transverse spreaders across the flow path to brake flow and maintain chosen thickness. Process is esp. for drying foodstuffs, e.g. cereals etc., with minimal attrition and uniform drying.
Patent FR-2250294-A5 (FR)
Title: Panting equipment for wire grilles - has paint rollers in pairs on arms fitted on inverted-U section frame
IPC: B05C17/02
Filed: 1973-07-12
Granted: 1975-05-30
Abstract: The equipment consists of at least two paint rollers mounted in a pair, each carried on an arm of an inverted-U section frame, which can act as a spring holding the rollers together. A pair of rollers can be mounted at the frame base, and another between them and the top of it, to allow more painting in a single movement. The frame can be extensible between the pairs of rollers, to suit different grille dimensions. The roller spindles on one side at least can be attached to the sides of the frame uprights for easy dismantling. There can be transverse rods joining the spindles to the frame, and which are adjustable to vary the clearance between rollers in a pair.
Patent CH-694674-A5 (CH)
Title: Luminous watch face has base plate with applied layer of translucent plastic matrix containing dispersed photoluminescent pigments
Inventor: MONNIER JEAN-LUC
IPC: G04D3/00
Filed: 2001-11-09
Abstract: The watch face consists of a base plate (10), preferably of brass with a protective coating of gold or varnish, and at least one applied layer (14) that has at least part of its thickness made up of a translucent plastic matrix containing dispersed photoluminescent pigments. The applied layer has a laminated structure comprising one layer containing the photoluminescent pigments and another with a reflective material, and is attached to the base plate by an adhesive (16). The back of the base plate has pins (12) for connecting it to the watch movement.
Patent DD-202031-A5 (DD)
Inventor: THIES
IPC: C07D493/08
Filed: 1981-07-09
Abstract: Novel and highly effective sleep inducing 3 beta -hydroxy methyl-4 alpha -hydroxy-8 beta -alkoxy-2,9-dioxa tricyclo [4,3,1,03,7] decane compounds of the following Formula:  <IMAGE>  in which R1 indicates an alkoxy group and preferably a lower alkoxy group, such as the methoxy group, the ethoxy group, or the n-butoxy group, while R2 indicates the 10-methylene group or the 10 beta -methyl group, are produced from didrovaltratum, i.e., 1-isovaleroxy-4-isovaleroxy methyl-7-acetoxy-spiro-oxirano-1,9-dihydrocyclopenta(c)pyrane or from extracts of plants of the genus Valerianaceae which contain about 70% of didrovaltratum. The novel compounds have a surprisingly low toxicity.
Patent DD-208943-A5 (DD)
Title: Hochdruckschwerlastluftreifen mit radialkarkassenbewehrung und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
Inventor: MUSY JACQUES
IPC: B60C9/20
Filed: 1982-02-10
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft Luftreifen mit Radialkassenbewehrung, die zum Tragen grosser Lasten bestimmt und auf verhaeltnismaessig hohe Druecke aufgepumpt sind, insbesondere Luftreifen fuer Flugzeuge. Das Ziel der Erfindung besteht darin, die Lbensdauer des Luftreifens zu erhoehen. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kompression der der Karkassenbewehrung am naechsten liegenden Umfangsfaeden bei Luftreifen der zuvor betrachteten Art zu vermeiden, ohne dass dies eine uebermaessige Abnutzung des Laufstreifens zur Folge hat. Der erfindungsgemaesse Luftreifen enthaelt eineScheitelbewehrung, die aus Lgen von Umfangsfaeden gebildet ist, die eine relative Bruchdehnung von wenigstens 8% und vorzugsweise zwischen 10% und 26% haben, wenn der vulkanisierte Luftreifen auf seine Betriebsfelge montiert, abernoch nicht aufgepumpt ist, sowie eine relative Schrumpfung unter derEinwirkung der Vulkanisierwaerme von wenigstens 1,25% und vorzugsweise zwischen 2% und 8%.
Patent DD-202418-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren zur herstellung von 1,1 dichlor-4-methyl-1,3-pentadien
Inventor: BENDE ZOLTAN
IPC: C07C21/19
Filed: 1982-03-29
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines neuen Tetrachlor-penten-Derivats, insbesondere von 1,1-Dichlor-4-methyl-1,3-pentadien. Ziel der Erfindung ist die Bereitstellung eines verbesserten wirtschaftlichen Verfahrens, das die gewuenschte Verbindung in quantitativer Ausbeute liefert. Erfindungsgemaess werden Chloral und Isobutylen umgesetzt, dann das erhaltene 1,1,1-Trichlor-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-penten der Formel I mit Thionyl-chlorid vorteilhaft in Gegenwart eines Katalysators ohne Loesungsmittel oder in einem indifferenten Loesungsmittel zur Reaktion gebracht und schliesslich das so erhaltene 1,1,1,4-Tetrachlor-4-methyl-2-penten reduziert.
Patent DD-213055-A5 (DD)
Title: Rohrhalter fuer kunststoffrohre, die unter wasserdruck geprueft werden
Inventor: FRIEDRICH PAWEL
IPC: G01N3/36
Filed: 1983-08-25
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft einen Rohrhalter fuer Kunststoffrohre, der insbesondere bei der Festigkeitspruefung dieser Rohre unter Wasserdruck bei Temperaturen bis 200 Grad C in geeigneten Pruefgeraeten verwendet werden kann. Waehrend es Ziel der Erfindung ist, die Gebrauchswerteigenschaften derartiger Rohrhalter auf kostenguenstige Weise zu erhoehen, besteht die Aufgabe darin, einen Rohrhalter fuer Kunststoffrohre, die unter Wasserdruck bei Temperaturen bis 200 Grad C geprueft werden, zu entwickeln, der eine gleichmaessige Verteilung der Einspannkraefte an der Rohrperipherie in Abhaengigkeit vom Innendruck des zu pruefenden Rohres ermoeglicht, der durch Verwendung eines geeigneten Dichtungsstoffes bis zu Temperaturen von 200 Grad C einsetzbar ist und der gewaehrleistet, dass eine verbesserte Abdichtung und Blockierung des Verschlussteiles erreicht wird. Erfindungsgemaess wird die Aufgabe derart geloest, dass der Rohrhalter aus zwei Verschlussstuecken besteht, die an den gegenueberliegenden Rohrenden angesetzt werden, wobei ein Verschlussstueck mit einer zusaetzlichen Oeffnung das zu pruefende Rohr mit dem Pruefgeraet verbindet und das zweite Verschlussstueck das Rohrende verschliesst.
Patent DD-224033-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren zur herstellung substituierter 1,2,4-triazine und deren salze
Inventor: ALLAN GEOFFREY
IPC: C07C51/15
Filed: 1984-10-26
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel I oder deren Salze, die als neue Verbindungen brauchbar als kardiovaskulaere Mittel, und insbesondere als antiarrhythmische Mittel sind. In der Verbindung der allgemeinen Formel Ioder dem 5-Amino-tautomeren derselben oder einem Salz von beiden ist R1 C1-10-Alkyl, C2-10-Alkenyl, C2-10-Alkinyl oder C3-10-Cycloalkyl, wobei beliebige dieser Reste gegebenenfalls substituiert sind und R2 bis R6, unabhaengig, aus Wasserstoff, Halogenatomen, C1-6-Alkyl-, Alkenyl- oder Alkinyl- (wobei alle gegebenenfalls durch einen oder mehrere Halogen-, Hydroxy- und Arylreste substituiert sind), Amino-, mono- oder di-substituierten Amino-, Alkoxy- (gegebenenfalls durch einen oder mehrere Halogen-, Hydroxy- und Arylreste substituiert), Alkenyloxy-, Acyl-, Acyloxy-, Cyano-, Nitro-, Aryl- und Alkylthiogruppen ausgewaehlt sind oder irgendwelche von zwei benachbarten Resten von R2 bis R6 unter Bildung einer (-CHCH-CHCH-)Gruppe verbunden sind.
Patent DD-288941-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren zum verbinden von wicklung und wicklungstraegern bei laeufern
Inventor: MOEBIUS GUNTER
IPC: H02K15/02
Filed: 1986-09-10
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Wicklung und Wicklungstraegern bei Laeufern, insbesondere Hohllaeufern von Mikromotoren. Das Ziel der Erfindung besteht darin, ein schnelles und gezieltes Verbinden der Tragscheibe und der Wicklungsanschluesse des Hohllaeufers zu erreichen, ohne dasz der gesamte Hohllaeufer erwaermt wird. Erfindungsgemaesz wird das dadurch erreicht, dasz ein durch Gieszen oder Schmelzen des Klebstoffgranulates entstandenes Thermoklebstofformteil in Ringform auf die Tragscheibe des vorgefuegten Hohllaeufers gelegt und nach Abdeckung des Kommutators und Aufschieben einer Schutzhuelse ueber die Hohllaeuferwicklung durch Infrarotstrahlung aufgeschmolzen wird.
Patent DD-255184-A5 (DD)
Title: Kurbeltrieb fuer verbrennungsmotor mittels einer ellipsenaehnlichen kurvenbahn
Inventor: KAULFUSS WILFRIED
IPC: F01B9/00
Filed: 1986-09-22
Abstract: Der Kurbeltrieb fuer Verbrennungsmotor erreicht vier Takte eines Kolbens bei nur einer Umdrehung. Durch den Weg des Kolbens vom Innen- zum Aussenkreis vergroessert sich der wahre Kurbelarm gegenueber einer bekannten Kurbelwelle bei gleichem Hub um ein Mehrfaches (etwa vierfache) und beguenstigt somit Drehmoment und Kraftstoffverbrauch insbesondere im unteren Druckbereich. Der Einsatz des Steuerorganes nach W-Patent 107 751, das 1:1 mit der Kurvenbahn laeuft, reicht fuer ein oder mehrere Zylinder fuer den Gaswechsel aus. Die Kombination von Kupplung und Getriebe bringt eine raum- und materialsparende Variante eines abgeschlossenen Antriebsaggregates.
Patent DD-297538-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren zur rauschunterdrueckung
Inventor: KRAUSE WOLFGANG
IPC: G02B9/62
Filed: 1987-10-14
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Rauschunterdrueckung, welches besonders geeignet ist fuer die Signalverarbeitung nach der periodischen opto-elektronischen Abtastung kontrastarmer Strukturen. Indem markante Signalspruenge fuer eine bestimmte Zeit gekennzeichnet werden und diese Kennzeichnung periodisch abgefragt und aktualisiert wird, entsteht eine Signalfolge, die einen groszen Signal-Rauschabstand hat.{Bildverarbeitung; opto-elektronische Abtastung; periodische Abtastung; Rauschunterdrueckung; Kontraststeigerung}