baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1518988-A (GB)
Title: Integrated circuit
IPC: H01L23/485
Filed: 1975-09-05
Abstract: 1518988 Semiconductor device manufacture PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 5 Sept 1975 [10 Sept 1974] 36624/75 Heading H1K In the manufacture of a planar IC an insulating layer on a semiconductor wafer surface is first covered with an apertured auxiliary layer, a corresponding aperture formed in the insulating layer via the aperture in the auxiliary layer, a second insulating layer roughly as thick as the first provided over the auxiliary layer and apertures, and the auxiliary layer removed together with overlying portions of the second insulating layer to give a level unbroken insulating surface. In the described processes in which the semiconductor is silicon, both insulating layers silicon oxide, and the auxiliary layer aluminium, the first insulating layer is apertured by etching in buffered hydrofluoric acid and the aluminium layer removed by treatment with ferric chloride or a mixture of acetic and phosphoric acids. In one embodiment the second insulating layer contains dopant which is subsequently diffused into the water. In another a P-type layer is initially diffused into an N-type wafer via the aperture in the first insulating layer, two apertures formed in the second (undoped) insulating layer at opposite ends of the diffused layer, and aluminium finally deposited overall and anodized patternwise throughout its thickness to define together with the diffused layer two intersecting conductors 27b and 27c-21 (Fig. 7) isolated by the second insulating layer 24 where they cross. In a variant of this embodiment, after removal of the auxiliary layer an aperture is formed in the first insulating layer, aluminium deposited overall to contact the semiconductor via the aperture and covered with an oxide through apertures in which it may contact a further layer of metallization. Alternative materials suggested are germanium and gallium arsenide as semiconductor, alumina and silicon nitride for insulating layers, and tungsten and molybdenum, for which suitable etchants are specified, for the auxiliary layer.
Patent GB-1197463-A (GB)
Title: Complementary transistors in an integrated circuit
IPC: H01L27/082
Filed: 1967-08-10
Abstract: 1,197,463. Semi-conductor integrated circuits. P. R. MALLORY & CO. Inc. 10 Aug., ]967 [10 Aug., 1966], No. 36743/67. Heading H1K. The collector region 47, 47<SP>1</SP> of a PNP transistor 58 formed together with at least one NPN transistor 57 in an N-type layer 45, 48 deposited on a P-type semi-conductor body 42, e.g. of Si, has a minimum conductivity at the surface 49 and a maximum conductivity at a greater depth below the surface 49 than that of the collector-base junction of the transistor 58. In the form shown the P-type region 47 is diffused initially into the upper surface of a first epitaxial N-type layer 45 on the wafer 42, and after subsequent deposition of a second N-type epitaxial layer 48 the dopant from the region 47 is caused to diffuse outwards through this layer 48 to reach the surface 49 and form the region 47<SP>1</SP>. This redistribution may occur during a diffusion stage to produce P-type device isolation frames 50. Subsequent diffusion, e.g. of boron and phosphorus, into the region 47<SP>1</SP> and the N-type island 51 complete the transistors 57, 58. Heavily arsenic-doped N-type regions 43, 44 may initially be diffused into the wafer 42 beneath the future sites of the transistors. Oxide masking is used throughout, and the devices may be mutually isolated by oxide layers instead of by the P-type frames 50 as shown. Diodes, resistors and capacitors may be diffused into the semi-conductor body to complete the integrated circuit.
Patent GB-522902-A (GB)
Title: System for heating a cathode of vacuum tube
IPC: H04B15/00
Filed: 1938-12-20
Abstract: 522,902. Valve amplifying circuits. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. (Nippon Electric Co., Ltd.). Dec. 20, 1938, No. 37036. [Class 40 (v)] Hum due to the alternating component of current used for cathode heating is reduced by the provision of a resistance bridge. The bridge comprises two arms consisting of non- linear resistances 3, which may be copper oxide or selenium rectifiers, and a pure resistance R1 with an adjustable contact. The cathode supply is connected across one diagonal while a resistance R2 connected across the other diagonal, provides a negative potential applied to the valve grid from an adjustable tapping. When the current supply is rectified alternating current, one of the non-linear resistances is omitted and the other arranged to operate on the bend of its voltage-resistance curve. The junction of the two non-linear resistances may be earthed instead of the adjustable contact on the resistance R1. The junction of the diagonal resistance R2 with the non-linear resistance or resistances may be earthed through a condenser to adjust phase.
Patent GB-412618-A (GB)
Title: Method of bleaching flour
IPC: A21D2/36
Filed: 1932-12-31
Abstract: In a process of making bread wherein the flour is bleached during the preparation of the dough, a bleaching agent solely of vegetable origin is incorporated in a slack dough which is then worked slowly, as in a slow-speed mixer until the desired degree of bleaching is obtained; further flour is then added to give the desired ultimate consistency to the dough and the slow-speed working is continued until the added flour has been thoroughly incorporated.  There is no high-speed mixing throughout the treatment.  The slack dough may be made by withholding up to 10 per cent of the flour, or of the flour and other solid ingredients used in making the bread, and these withheld materials are added after the bleaching has been effected. The bleaching agent may consist of soya bean flour in association with processed maize flour, and prior to being mixed with the slack dough the agent may be soaked for about 15 minutes in an aqueous solution of the soluble ingredients sugar, salt, yeast food and yeast. Specifications 343,193, 346,408, and 413,001 are referred to.
Patent GB-1049627-A (GB)
Title: Miniature incandescent electric lamp and method of its manufacture
IPC: H01K3/00
Filed: 1965-09-01
Abstract: 1,049,627. Casting composite contacts for electric lamps; moulds. PATENT-TREUHAND - GESELLSCHAFT FœR ELEKTRISCHE GLœHLAMPEN m.b.H. Sept. 1, 1965 [Sept. 1, 1964], No. 37346/65. Heading B3F. [Also in Divisions H1 and H2] An electric lamp, Fig. 1 (not shown), with an elongated glass envelope 1, has the lead-in conductor at one or both ends formed as a small metal tube 3 sealed into the glass envelope, the tubes being pinched off and further sealed by a bead 4 of solder given a cone shape to form a base contact. In making the lamp, a mount, Fig. 4 or 5 (not shown), consisting of a tungsten filament 2 extending between two copper tubes 3, is introduced into the envelope through openings in the ends while it is held in rotating jaws 7. The upper end is then sealed and the upper tube is moved downwards to form a recessed surface at the end of the envelope 1, Fig. 9 (not shown). The lower end is then similarly sealed and formed with a recess. The ends of the glass envelope may also be formed by tools to have small indentations 16, 16<SP>1</SP>, Figs. 7, 8 (not shown). After pinching off the tubes a ring of solder, Fig. 10 (not shown), is placed round the preheated and fluxed end of each tube 3 and melted into the recess and indentations. A mould, Fig. 12 (not shown), with cooling-air ducts 23 and having a conical inner surface connected to a vacuum channel 22, is then applied to the end for forming the solder.
Patent GB-1406382-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing knitted terry fabrics on a multifeed  circular knitting machine
IPC: D04B1/02
Filed: 1973-08-07
Abstract: 1406382 Terry pile knitting-machine WIRKMASCHINENBAU KARL-MARX-STADT VEB 7 Aug 1973 [15 Dec 1972] 37371/73 Heading D1C In a method of knitting terry loop fabric on a circular machine having a dial with pile instruments, pile yarn is supplied at alternate feeds, and the instruments withdrawn in stages at intervening feeds to avoid the ground yarn and cast-off the loops. Terry thread 17 is supplied via guides 13 at alternate feeds 9, 11; ground yarn 18 via guide 14. Latches are guarded by guide 14 and then by the ground yarn. If intervening feeds 10, 12 ground yarn 18 is supplied via guides 15. If a position two needle spaces prior to needles taking yarn, the instruments are withdrawn so that the tips are aligned with the botton of the needle tricks. Up to four instruments are withdrawn following loop formations, to knock over the terry loops. The loops are swept into the cylinder by an instrument 16.
Patent GB-846506-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ventilator constructions
IPC: F24F11/76
Filed: 1957-12-03
Abstract: 846,506. Louvre ventilators. AFOS Ltd., and SNELLING, A. F. Nov. 27, 1958 [Dec. 3, 1957] No. 37568/57. Class 137 A damper, air vent or like ventilator mounted so as to ventilate a room or like enclosed space, comprises pivotally-arranged adjacent louvres 14 ganged to one another so that they move in unison and biased to a normally open position for the ventilator, a push rod 22 bearing on a louvre 14 or a member 20 associated therewith, a plunger 26 acting on the push rod 22, and a bellows 24 which expands or contracts according to the temperature to displace the plunger 26 to vary the degree of opening the louvres 14 to maintain the temperature in the space as or substantially as desired. The louvres 14 are the rear of a housing 10, the front having a grill mounting the bellows 24 connecting with the plunger 26, bearing on a pivoted lever 34 which bears on the push rod 22, slidably mounted, but which may be pivotally connected to the arm 20 or louvre 14; spring means restoring the louvres on reversal of the plunger 26. The temperature to produce a certain louvre displacement. can be varied through an adjustable compression member 38. The bellows 24 may be filled with a temperature-sensitive liquid and may communicate through a tube 30 with a reservoir 32 therefor in the room or like space. A second bellows may be mounted on the housing so as to communicate with the air supply thereto, the temperature of which will open or close the louvres 14 through a bellows push rod bearing on the arm 20 oppositely to the push rod 22.
Patent GB-1280530-A (GB)
Title: Gas burner
IPC: F23D14/00
Filed: 1969-07-29
Abstract: 1280530 Gas burners JOHN MOHR & SONS 29 July 1969 [1 April 1969] 38098/69 Heading F4T A burner comprises a tubular mixing chamber 23 having a convergent outlet nozzle 26 and fed with air from an air pipe 24 and with gas from a gas pipe 25, the air being tangential to the chamber 23 entering the chamber in a direction ! inclined to the adjacent wall surface. The gas pipe may also enter the chamber 23 in a direction inclined to the wall thereof and be inclined relative to the air pipe 24 to promote a swirling action. In a second embodiment, Fig. 6, a tubular chamber 80 has coaxial gas inlet and outlet ports and an outer wall 76. An arcuate inner wall 78 containing inclined air ports 90 separates the chamber 80 from an air inlet 86 and defines a channel 88.
Patent GB-1493717-A (GB)
Title: Power swivel assembly for a drilling rig
IPC: E21B21/00
Filed: 1975-09-17
Abstract: 1493717 Boring earth &c WESTERN GEAR CORP 17 Sept 1975 [30 Sept 1974] 38204/75 Heading E1F A rotary drill head 28 which is vertically movable in a drilling rig includes a power unit 54 including motors 70 and which has a vertical opening through which drill pipe can be passed while being tripped, a stem assembly 50 adapted to occupy the opening and be driven by the power unit 54 and adapted to be connected drivingly to a drill pipe depending from its lower end. the stem assembly 50 being removable from the opening when disconnected from the drill pipe, and pipe holding means 57 for holding the drill pipe when the stem assembly 50 is removed. As described the drilling rig includes a mast having a fixed lower portion 30 and an upper extendible portion 30a and which is mounted on a base 10 which can move transversely along guides 12 and longitudinally along guides 14. The base 10 also carries a power tong 38 and power slips 39. A pipe rack 35 is carried by the lower portion 30 of the mast. The drill head 28 is connected to rods 26 depending from a cross head 22 which can be moved vertically by hydraulic rams 18, the drill head 28 being guided by rollers 59 engaging guides 60 on the rams 18. The drive unit 54 consists of a housing 53 carrying four motors 70 which drive an internally splined gear ring 72. The stem assembly 50 (Fig. 3) is removably secured to the housing 53 by wedges 52 and consists of a hollow shaft 62 having external splines 75 (which mate with the splines on the gear ring 72) and a threaded pin 63, the upper end of the shaft 62 being connected to a rotary swivel 68 and stationary pipe 66 for drilling fluid. When the stem assembly is removed, an entry guide 80 (Fig. 4) is installed in its place. The pipe holding means 57 include slips 84 operated by ram 87. When drilling, the rig is used in a conventional manner with the stem assembly 50 in place, single drill pipes being added to or removed from the string using the tongs 38 and slips 39. When tripping pipe into or out of the borehole the stem assembly 50 is replaced by the entry guide 80. Double lengths of pipe P (Fig. 2) can then be removed by holding the top of the pipe string in the slips 57, raising the drill head 28, holding the pipe string by the slips 39 whilst lowering the drill head 28, operating the slips 57 and raising the drill head 28 again so that a double length of pipe is withdrawn from the borehole, and then holding this double length by slips 39 and lowering the head 28. The double length of pipe is then located above the head 28 and can be removed and transferred to the pipe rack 35.
Patent GB-325926-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automobile type fore-carriages for agricultural machines
IPC: A01D75/26
Filed: 1928-12-28
Abstract: 325,926. International Harvester Co. of Great Britain, Ltd., (International Harvester Co.). Dec. 28, 1928. Draught appliances; wheels, changing gauge of.-Members 14, 15 of the frame of an agricultural implement are pivoted at 13 to a fore carriage on which is adjustably mounted a draught or coupling bar 24 the movements of which steer the wheels of the forecarriage. The axles 3, 4 are bent upwards, passing through bearings 6, and then horizontally to form arms 10, 11 which are connected by a cross bar 12. The' draught bar 24 may be pivoted in any hole in the plate 21 mounted on the frame, while the slot 26 in the bar encloses a pin entering the corresponding hole 23 in the cross bar 12 so that the bar 24 and the arms 10, 11, turn together for steering. The hubs 27, 28 of the wheels 2 are of unequal size so that by reversing a wheel on the axle the track of the vehicle may be altered.
Patent GB-1271527-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sheet feeding devices
Inventor: GATES ALBERT GEORGE RONALD
IPC: B65H3/06
Filed: 1969-06-12
Abstract: 1,271,527. Feeding sheets; GESTETNER Ltd. 22 May, 1970 [12 June, 1969], No. 38598/71. Divided out of 1,271,526.. Heading. B8R. The subject matter of this Specification is substantially the same as that described in Specification 1,271,526 from which the present Specification is divided, but the claims are concerned with the horizontal adjustability of the limits of the path of travel of the feed members.
Patent GB-992939-A (GB)
Title: Information-display recorder
Inventor: ACTON JOHN REGINALD
IPC: H05B33/28
Filed: 1959-11-14
Abstract: An electroluminescent display recorder includes an electroluminescent display device comprising a phosphor layer between and in physical contact with transparent front and back conductors which can be in the form of crossed-conductors, and a sheet of photographic emulsion in direct contact with the back of the device, the display being visible through the front conductor or conductors and a photographic record of the display being obtainable on the sheet at the back of the device. The or each back conductor of the display device is made of cadmium oxide formed by reactive sputtering and is provided with a thin substantially transparent protective layer of an epoxy resin on the back thereof.  The electroluminescent phosphor can be zinc sulphide activated with copper and co-activated with chlorine which emits blue light.  The phosphor can be capable of emitting blue light and light of a second colour such as yellow, and a filter provided in front of the front conductor or conductors which transmits light of the second colour but not actinic light. The display device can include two phosphor layers separated by a layer of material opaque to at least actinic light.  The or each phosphor can be carried in an epoxy resin binder such as "Araldite" (Registered Trade Mark).
Patent GB-1099687-A (GB)
Title: Extended surface vessels
Inventor: HERBERT LIONEL GEORGE
IPC: F28F1/12
Filed: 1964-09-22
Abstract: 1,099,687. Heat exchanger tubes. TUBE PRODUCTS Ltd. Oct. 14, 1965 [Sept. 22, 1964], No. 38701/64. Heading F4S. An extended surface for a heat exchanger tube 13 of round, square oval or elliptical crosssection, comprises two interlocking sets 10 of spaced, parallel fins 11 formed from continuous sheets of a heat-conducting material, each set engaging slightly more than half the periphery of the tube while heat transfer between the tube and each fin 11 is enhanced by a lip 17. The inner portion of each fin 11 adjacent the tube is profiled thereto, the fin being connected at its inner edge to one adjacent fin by spacing bands 16 one at each side of the said profiled part 12, and at its outer edge to the other adjacent fin, so giving a rectangular wave-like form. In the assembled position, Fig. 2 (not shown), the spacing bands 16 lie in spaced parallel planes separated by the overlapping inner edges of the fins. Disengagement of the sets of fins is obviated by folding tongues 14 on the fins near the bands 16 to engage notches 15 in the mating set of fins. In another embodiment (not shown), the tongues are formed in the spacing bands 16 and are folded from the planes thereof through 270 degrees to engage notches in the fins of the mating set. In a further embodiment, Figs. 4, 5 (not shown), each half of the tube periphery is enclosed by identical sets of fins (10a) the inner spacing bands (16a) thereof abutting and containing the interlocking tongues and notches (14a), (15a). In every embodiment, the sets of fins are secured to the tube and to each other by hotdip galvanizing or brazing. A series of spaced parallel tubes may be connected by bridging the space between each tube by an extended and suitably profiled set of fins, Fig. 3 (not shown).
Patent GB-950776-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in induction pipe systems for multi-cylinder internal combustion engineshaving continuous injection into the pipe system itself
Inventor: MENNESSON ANDRE LOUIS
IPC: F02M69/04
Filed: 1961-10-30
Abstract: 950,776. Carburetting apparatus. SOC. INDUSTRIELLE DE BREVETS ET D'ETUDES. Oct. 30, 1961 [Nov. 22, 1960], No. 38767/61. Heading FIB. An induction pipe system for multi-cylinder internal-combustion engines comprises an upstream portion 3 which is horizontal or makes an angle with the horizontal equal at most to 60 degrees which includes a throttle member 2 and in which the liquid fuel is introduced through an orifice 1 arranged downstream of the throttle member and a downstream portion preferably substantially horizontal which is perpendicular to the upstream portion and which divides the air and the fuel to the various cylinders of the engine into two branches which are preferably symmetrical and a guide wall 5 is disposed in the upstream portion and parallel thereto and is extended to the interior of the downstream portion so as to project as far as an edge and the orifice is an injection orifice arranged so that the guide wall receives in its upper part at least above a minimum injection pressure the fuel from this orifice. In a modification of Fig. 1 the induction pipe has a curved portion between the intake 3 and the guide wall 5. It is advantageous to provide in the path of travel of the fuel when the injection pressure is sufficiently strong a member 9 (Fig. 4) against which the jet impinges whilst for less strong injection pressures the jet passes under this member before reaching the guide wall. The edge 6 could be for example in the form of an inverted U in a plane traversed by at least part of the current of inspired air. For a six cylinder engine it would be possible to use two injectors each delivering into a separate air intake each of these air intakes supplying three cylinders by way of a separate manifold.
Patent GB-369972-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to spring-mattresses, upholstery cushions and the like
IPC: A47C27/04
Filed: 1930-12-24
Abstract: 369,972. Spring upholstery. HEAL, H., 7F, Oxford & Cambridge Mansions, Marylebone Road, London. Dec. 24, 1930, No. 38860. [Class 52 (iv).] Upholstery springs 9 are assembled by housing their end coils in pockets formed by stitching together two continuous sheets of textile material 3, 4. Slits may be provided through which the springs can be inserted, or the end of the spring can be pushed through the fabric. The size of the pocket is preferably such that its sides grip the end coil after insertion.
Patent GB-861180-A (GB)
Title: Heat treatment of austenitic stainless steels
Inventor: WAXWEILER JAMES HARRISON
Filed: 1957-12-16
Abstract: 861,180. Annealing; alloys. ARMCO INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION. Dec. 16, 1957, No. 39002/57. Classes 72 and 82(1) An austenitic stainless steel containing: 12-21% Cr 0-11.5% Ni 0-0.20% C 0-5.0% Mn 0-2.0% Si 0-0.20% N -remainder iron, the amounts of Cr and Si relative to the amounts of Ni, Mn, C and N being in accordance with the area ABCD of the accompanying diagram, is austenitized by heating to 1700-2200F., the austenite decomposed by heating to a temperature lower than the austenitizing temperature and between 1200-1700F., and precipitation hardened by reheating to 300-1150F., a fabricating step being optionally performed when the material is in the austenitic condition. The transformation may be followed by cooling below room temperature and precipitation hardening may last from a few minutes to several days. The steel is suitable for casting or fabrication.
Patent GB-871133-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pressure reducing valves for air, water, steam or other gases or liquids
Inventor: THORNTON BRIAN
IPC: G05D16/06
Filed: 1959-11-18
Abstract: 871,133. Valves. BIRKETT Ltd., SAMUEL. Nov. 18, 1959, No. 39030/59. Class 135. A pressure-reducing valve comprises a hollow body 1, provided with an inlet 2 and an outlet 3, and a cover 14. A valve seat support 4 is provided between the inlet and outlet into which is screwed a valve seat member 5 provided with castellations 8. A filter 8A surrounds the valve seat member and is held in position by a plug 11 which is also provided with a projection 12 for positioning the spring 10 of a ball valve 9. A spring-loaded diaphragm 13 is located between the body and cover and a pusher rod 15, supported in an axial bore in the body, is interposed between the diaphragm and valve. Movement of the diaphragm is limited in the upward direction by a part 17 contacting a shoulder in the cover 14 and in the downward direction by a part 16 butting against a boss in the body part 1. In operation, fluid entering the inlet 2 flows through the filter 8A and past the ball valve 9, which is guided for axial movement by the castellations 8, to the outlet 3, the position of the valve 9 being determined by the outlet pressure fed through a port 22 acting on the diaphragm against an adjustable spring loading 18.