baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1097984-A (GB)
Title: Continuous production of ethylenically unsaturated polymerisable polyesters
Inventor: SUTER HUBERT
IPC: C08G63/52
Filed: 1965-05-05
Abstract: An ethylenically unsaturated polyester is prepared by passing substantially stoichiometric amounts of (a) at least one dibasic carboxylic acid or anhydride, of which at least a part is unsaturated, (b) at least one dihydric alcohol and optionally (c) minor amounts of (c1) mono- or tri- or higher carboxylic acids and/or (c2) mono- or tri- or higher hydric alcohols, and/or (c3) hydroxy-carboxylic acids, continuously through 3 or 4 stirred vessels in series, the temperatures of the first and last vessels being 120-190 DEG  C. and 195-240 DEG  C. respectively, the temperature(s) of the intermediate vessel(s) being higher than that of the first vessel and below that of the last.  The pressure in the last 1 or 2 vessel(s) is preferably 20-200 mm. Hg., in the first 500-900 mm. Hg. The mean residence time in each vessel is preferably 1-7 hours, and each vessel is preferably 70-80% full of reaction material, an inert gas occupying the remaining volume.  Suitable starting materials are (a) maleic, fumaric, o-, m- and p-phthalic, and 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic acids, 3,6 - endomethylene - 1,2,3,6 - tetrahydrophthalic acid, succinic, adipic, and sebacic acids or anhydrides, (b) ethylene and propylene glycols, trimethylene-, tetramethylene- and hexamethylene glycols, neopentyl glycol, and 2,2,4 - trimethylpentanediol - 1,4, (c1) benzoic, trimellitic, pyromellitic acids, (c2) octanol, decanol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, and (c3) 3-methylol-cyclohexane carboxylic acid.  In an example, maleic and phthalic anhydrides are condensed with propylene glycol in three vessels.
Patent GB-1079607-A (GB)
Title: Etch or chromium films
IPC: C23F1/26
Filed: 1966-04-29
Abstract: 1,079,607. Etching. TEXAS INSTRUMENTS Ltd., and M. J. F. GAZE. April 29, 1966, No. 18973/66. Heading B6J. Chromium is etched by exposing selected portions of a chromium surface to an etchant comprising 0À8-5% by weight ceric sulphate, 1-15% perchloric acid, 2-18% sulphuric acid, the remainder being water. The combined weight of perchloric acid and sulphuric acid is 9-22%. The temperature of the etch is 60-70 C.
Patent GB-1082719-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hair-drier helmets
IPC: A45D20/24
Filed: 1965-05-05
Abstract: 1,082,719. Hair-drier helmet. CALOR APPAREILS ELECTRO-DOMESTIQUES. May 5, 1965 [Jan. 12, 1965], No. 19002/65. Heading A5R. A hair-drier helmet 1 has a frusto-conical tubular wall 3, the bottom part of which carries an internal trough-shaped flange 4 to return the air flow F along a direction f for drying the back and sides of the hair. The trough comprises an annular member of concave cross section which is secured within the tubular wall at a short distance from its bottom edge. Axially spaced ribs 5 may be provided on the wall, each having at least one recess or slot to receive the outer edge of the annular trough. The helmet may be of integrally moulded construction, with the ribs either moulded in situ or attached afterwards; the trough is suitably of moulded thermoplastic material. Alternatively, the trough may be glued, screwed or rivetted directly to the wall.
Patent GB-227080-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gigging cylinders
IPC: D01G15/16
Filed: 1924-08-12
Abstract: 227,080. Monforts, A., [Firm of] Jan. 3, 1924, [Convention date]. Pile or nap, raising and dressing.-Each head of a gigging cylinder is secured on the axle c by splitting it at a and clamping it by bolts b. To facilitate re-assembling, a conical pin d passing through the eye of the head and into the axle is provided. A nut e is employed for withdrawing the pin.
Patent GB-624958-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in syringes
IPC: A61M5/20
Filed: 1947-07-17
Abstract: 624,958. Surgical syringes. WENDER, E. M. July 17, 1947, No. 19179. [Class 81 (ii)] [Also in Group XXVIII] A syringe comprises a piston which is retracted by coiling a flexible member, connected thereto, and is moved automatically in the reverse direction when the coiling means is released. As applied to a hypodermic or similar syringe, the piston d is urged towards the limit of its stroke by a coil spring e and is retracted by winding a flexible connector f on to a drum g, the far end of the connector being attached to the piston. A rotatable knob k drives the drum g through bevel gears i. In a modification, Fig. 2, (not shown), the spring is enclosed in an internal telescopic casing.
Patent GB-725493-A (GB)
Title: Conveyor rollers
IPC: B65G39/00
Filed: 1953-07-10
Abstract: 725,493. Hollow rollers. AKTIEBOLAGET NORDSTROMS LINBANOR. July 10, 1953 [July 25, 1952], No. 19219/53. Class 34 (1). [Also in Group XXII] A hollow cylindrical iron roller for conveyer belts consists of a centrifugally cast tubular member 1 having an external layer 1a of a high degree of hardness the remainder of the member being of a lower degree of hardness, machined recesses in the end portions 2a and 2b of the member which are of a lower degree of hardness and hub members 3a and 3b secured in said recesses.
Patent GB-323497-A (GB)
Title: Improved process of and apparatus for bleaching, dyeing and the like
IPC: D06B5/00
Filed: 1928-07-03
Abstract: 323,497. Wade, H., (Deutsche Gold-und Silber-Scheideanstalt vorm. Roessler). July 3, 1928. Circulating fluids through materials.-In a kier or the like, the materials are subjected to a triple flow of liquor, from the centre towards the walls, from the walls towards the centre, and from the top downwards, the liquor being withdrawn at a point below the inlets. In Fig. 1 the liquid is circulated by the pumps &c. 4 through a heater 5 by a pipe 10 to a central distributing pipe or pipes 16 which may be provided with a permeable head 17 of wire netting &c. The pipe 10 also supplies the distributing pipes 12 which are arranged round the wall of the vessel and have perforations which may be set at 30‹ to the wall alternately in either direction. The vertical currents are supplied by the pipes 8 at the top; in a modification further pipes may be arranged circumferentially at the top. The liquid is drawn by the pump through the exit 1. The pipes 12 may be replaced by an inner (perforated) and outer wall to the vessel. The treatment may be carried out under increased or reduced pressure.
Patent GB-612075-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the washing of minerals and ores
IPC: B03B5/54
Filed: 1946-06-27
Abstract: 612,075. Washing granular materials. RATCLIFFE, A., TALBOT, G. W., and IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. June 27, 1946, No. 19252. [Class 82(ii)] In a process for washing minerals &c., particularly limestone, to free them from earthy material e.g. clay, a slurry of water and the earthy material is used containing substantially the maximum concentration of suspended solids permitting the slurry to be readily handled as a fluid, said slurry being circulated in a closed circuit through the washer and maintained at the said concentration by withdrawing a small amount from the circuit to waste and feeding in a small amount of water which has been used to wash the minerals &c., already treated with the slurry. For washing limestone the ratio of water to suspended solids in the slurry is substantially 2:1 by weight. In the arrangement described, crushed and screened ore, preferably after treatment for removal of the larger pieces of earthy matter (e.g. in a drum separator), is fed via a shoot 2 into a washing trough 3 which is subjected to vibratory or gyratory motion; where it is washed with slurry from the perforated pipe 4. The slurry carries earthy material through the perforated base of the trough 3 into tank 5. The washed mineral moves along the trough 3, is discharged into a second trough 7 where it is washed free of slurry by clean water issuing from the perforated pipe 8 the washed off slurry entering tank 5, and is finally discharged on to a conveyer 10. In the tank 5 the larger particles of solid matter together with mineral fines settle and are removed by the scraper conveyer 11 and discharged to waste at 12, the supernatant slurry overflowing a sill 13 whence it is pumped up to the pipe 4, whilst a small amount of the heavy slurry is discharged to waste by the pump 16, the rates of said discharge and of addition of clean water being adjusted to maintain the required fluidity of the slurry. Alternatively the slurry from the washer may pass through a fine screen, for example in the form of a band conveyer, which retains the larger particles and thence into the tank 5. Specification 581,610 is referred to.
Patent GB-1328582-A (GB)
Title: Macromolecular material
IPC: C08F8/14
Filed: 1971-06-07
Abstract: 1328582 Modified diene polymers POLYMER CORP Ltd 7 June 1971 [8 June 1970] 19263/71 Headings C3G and C3P Reactive polymers comprise a diolefin polymer backbone having attached thereto recurring pendant units of formula in which a is 0, 1 or 2, R 1  is H or C 1-2  hydrocarbyl, R 2  is H or OH, X is -O- or R and R<SP>11</SP> are H or C 1-3  hydrocarbyl, R<SP>1</SP> is H, C 1-6  hydrocarbyl, ester or halogen, and R<SP>111</SP> is a divalent hydrocarbon or heterocarbon radical, the recurring units being present in an amount of 5-70 mole per cent based on diolefin units, the polymer being substantially free of carboxylic acid and being substantially soluble in an organic solvent. They are made by reacting an epoxidized diene polymer with either an α,#- ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid or an amine-substituted, α,#-ethylenically unsaturated ketone. In examples, liquid polybutadiene, liquid isoprene, liquid hydroxypolybutadiene, liquid butadiene/styrene copolymer and a polystyrene/polybutadiene/poly - styrene block copolymer are each epoxidized with per-acetic acid, and the epoxidized polymers then reacted with acrylic or methacrylic acid or the methyl half ester of maleic acid, usually in the presence of lithium chloride. The above products may be interpolymerized with monomers, e.g. styrene-see Specification 1,328,581 which is directed to such inter-polymers where X in Formula I is -O-.
Patent GB-867414-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of pneumatic vehicle tyres
IPC: B60C9/28
Filed: 1957-06-19
Abstract: 867,414. Moulding tyres. CONTINENTAL GUMMI-WERKE A.G. June 19, 1957 [July 2, 1956], No. 19268/57. Class 87(2). Tyres are vulcanised in a mould whose internal shape conforms to that assumed by an unvulcanised blank when inflated, this blank incorporating only reinforcing members 3 extending from bead to bead and lying at the smallest angle α to the mid-circumferential line 4 of the tyre 1.
Patent GB-201026-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to automatic reclosing circuit breaker systems
IPC: H02H3/06
Filed: 1922-07-13
Abstract: 201,026. British Thomson - -Houston Co., Ltd., (General Electric Co.). July 13, 1922. Cut-out arrangements. -In an automatic reclosing circuit - breaker system the reclosing means is controlled in accordance with the resistance of the load by an electron discharge device. As shown in Fig. 1 applied to the circuitbreaker 1 connecting the direct-current source 2, the negative side of which is earthed, to the load circuit 3 through the slow return overload relay 6, the circuit-breaker is closed and maintained closed by the winding 4 connected to the source through the relay 6 and the back contacts 7 of the circuit-breaker. This circuit is broken when a severe overload or a short circuit occurs but an alternative closing circuit is provided from the source through the reclosed relay 6 and winding 4; through the contacts 18 of an additional relay 17 which is controlled by the electron discharge apparatus 12 comprising a filament cathode 13, a plate anode 14 and a grid 15. In the form shown, when the circuit-breaker opens the filament is connected between the source and the load through the inductance 10 and the adjustable resistance 11. The anode is connected to the source through the winding of relay 16, and the grid is connected to earth. The anode has a positive change relative to the cathode and, consequently, a current flows through the tube and through the winding 16 to open the relay 17. As the load resistance increases the potential across the load circuit increases so that the grid becomes more negative with respect to the cathode. Consequently, the current through the tube and winding 16 diminishes until finally the relay 17 closes again. This completes the alternative closing circuit for the circuit-breaker which is maintained closed by the circuit through the back contacts. The cathode may be heated from a separate source and a tap connection made to the load circuit. The connections of the cathode, anode and grid may be transposed so as to change the relative potentials; in this case the increasing resistance of the load causes the positive electromagetic closure of the relay 17 and this affects the reolosure of the circuit-breaker. In the form shown in Fig. 1, if the filament burns out the circuit-breaker will reclose independently of the load resistance and, in order to avoid this action, two electric discharge devices one of which may be without a grid, may be employed in association with a control relay of the balanced-arm type.
Patent GB-375332-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to thermionic valve holders and the like
IPC: H01R33/76
Filed: 1931-03-24
Abstract: 375,332. Thermionic valve-holders. COOK, C. R., Chesworth, Horsham, Sussex. March 24, 1931, No. 19287/30. [Class 39 (i).] The panel in between the sockets 12 of a valve holder is weakened by means of slots 16 so as to allow valves having pins slightly out of centre to be inserted easily into the holder. Specifications 336,612, (Class 39 (i), Electric lamps, Arc &c.], and 352,102, [Group XXXVI], are referred to.
Patent GB-155321-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lifting jacks
IPC: B66F15/00
Filed: 1919-11-25
Abstract: 155,321. Sharpe, W. H. Nov. 25, 1919. Jacks.-In jacks for motor-cars of the kind in which a lever pivoted in a standard carries a hooplike fitting or stirrup to engage the wheel hub, the lever b and stirrup c are arranged on opposite sides of the standard a and are connected by a rotatable pin a<1>, A crank pin d<1> at one end of the pin a<1> engages one of a series of perforations c<2> in an arm c<1> to which the stirrup c is pivotally connected by a pin c<3>.
Patent GB-1389788-A (GB)
Title: Protective shoe
IPC: A44B18/00
Filed: 1973-04-24
Abstract: 1389788 Boots &c J G RHEE 24 April 1973 [10 May 1972] 19359/73 Heading A3B A protective shoe 10, for use in the art of karate and the like, includes casing means 10b adapted to fit over the top of the foot and open at the bottom, resilient foam means 10a within said casing means 10b, and strap means attached to said casing to retain the shoe on the foot. As described the shoe is moulded in one piece from plastics or rubber foam and the casing 10b is constituted by a skin formed on the foam material during moulding or by dipping or applying a coating of plastics material to the foam material. In a first embodiment (Fig. 1) the shoe is secured on the foot by straps 12a and 13. The ends of the straps 12a, 13 pass through slots 15, 16 in a reinforcing strip 14 and are secured to the underside of the top of the casing. The straps are fastened by "touch and close" type fasteners 19, 21 and 20, 22. In a modification (not shown) the straps 12a, 13 are replaced by circular straps of elastic material. In a second embodiment (Fig. 5) the shoe is formed with an ankle portion 32 and is also formed with ventilation holes 31. The shoe is secured to the foot by passing the big toe through a round strap 33 retained in hole 34 and by passing the little toe through a similar strap (not shown) on the other side of the shoe. The shoe is also fastened by tying a strap 35 which is threaded through holes 36, 37, 38.
Patent GB-604767-A (GB)
Title: New polarized electromagnet
IPC: H01H51/22
Filed: 1945-07-28
Abstract: 604,767. Electromagnets. SOC D'APPLICATIONS GENERALES D'ELECTRICITE ET DE MECANIQUE SAGEM. July 28, 1945, No. 19369. Convention date, Aug. 8, 1944. [Class 35] [Also in Group XXXVII] A polarized electromagnet for a relay &c. comprises a permanent magnet 15 having polepieces 16, 17 provided with cylindrical openings through which passes a spindle 20 carrying two armatures 18, 19 which are thus polarized by the magnet 15. The armatures enter gaps between the laminated poles of two electro magnets 21, 22 which when energized cause the armatures to rock and so rotate the spindle 20 and the levers 32, 33 the latter of which is connected to the mechanism to be actuated. Movement of each of the armature is limited by a pair of adjustable stops 25, 26 and 27, 28 and the armatures are adjusted to lie centrally in their gaps by means of a leaf spring 29 fixed to the spindle 20 and adjustable in position by stops 30, 31.
Patent GB-589140-A (GB)
Title: Drop bottom mine cars
IPC: B61D7/30
Filed: 1944-10-09
Abstract: 589,140. Bottom-discharge wagons. CATE, T. M., and JONES, R. E, Oct. 9, 1944, No. 19392. [Class 103 (iv)] In a drop-bottom mine car in which a plurality of bottom doors open in succession each sheet metal door bears directly near one edge on a transverse hinge rod and is held against bodily movement transversely of the rod, the door being extended beyond the hinge in the form of a loop which forms a latch for the adjoining door. As shown in Fig. 4, the end door 14 is hinged on a transverse rod 20 and is supported at the other end by a hook 17 engaging a lug 16 on the door. The hook 17 is pivoted on a bolt 19 and is connected to a transverse bar 18, Fig. 5 (not shown), extending across the end of the car and adapted to be raised by a ramp on the track to unlatch the hook to drop the bottom door 14. The end of the adjoining door 13 rests on the looped extension 22 of the door 14 which, as it hinges on the rod 20, releases the door 13. Various forms of hinge are shown and in Fig. 8 the loop 22 encloses a rod 25 and spacing member 26, the hinge rod 25 being prevented from transverse movement by a plate 27. The loop may be filled with a shaped block and in Fig. 10 the loop is open and the door retained on the hinge rod 20b by a stirrup bolt 27b or in a further modification by a channel member.
Patent GB-200374-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in adjustable curtain supports
IPC: A47H1/19
Filed: 1922-07-15
Abstract: 200,374. Clucas, I. H. July 15, 1922. Curtain rods.-A spring 6 is connected by links 1 to hooks 3 adapted to engage the sides of the window and door frame. The hooked ends of the links 1 and of the spring are turned inwards to prevent damage to the curtain.
Patent GB-867094-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of producing articles and methods of treatingalloy steel
Inventor: NAESER GERHARD
IPC: C22C33/02
Filed: 1957-06-20
Abstract: Articles of alloy steel are formed by mixing the alloy steel in powder form with between 0.05% and 5.0% of silver and/or copper and sintering to form the article.  The method may be applied to the production of articles of chromium steels or chromium-nickel steels having reduced susceptibility to corrosive pitting by chlorine.  The steel powder may be produced by subjecting a jet of molten metal to atomization by water under a pressure of e.g. 30 Kg/cm2, projected from an annular nozzle surrounding the jet to impinge on the liquid metal at an angle of 10-20 degrees.  The silver or copper may be added as powder or in the form of a solution of a reducible salt such as silver nitrate, the mixture being subjected to reducing conditions prior to sintering.  In an example a stainless steel powder containing 18% Cr and 8% Ni is mixed with 0.1% Ag powder, the mixture is precompacted at room temperature, heated in a protective atmosphere to 900-1100 DEG C. and immediately extruded to form a tube.  The articles produced, e.g. in the form of sheet, strip or tube are preferably heat treated at 500-1000 DEG C. and quenched in water.
Patent GB-458243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in roller bearings for railway trucks
IPC: B61F15/00
Filed: 1936-07-14
Abstract: 458,243. Roller bearings. KOY, E., 6, Hans Sachsstrasse, Frankfort-on-Main, Germany. July 14, 1936, No. 19537. [Class 12 (i)] A roller bearing for railway trucks has a divided bearing bush 10, caps 8, 9, engaging the ends thereof, and shells 2, 3, applied thereto from opposite sides of the bearing. The shells have pockets 4, 5, which receive lugs 6, 7, with inclined bearing surfaces, on the caps 8, 9, for clamping the latter to the bush 10. On assembly, lugs 11, 12, on the shells snap into notches 14, in the caps and lock the parts in position. The pockets 4, 5, form guiding members for the supporting stirrup 1. The bearing rollers 17 have conical ends which bear at one end against an inclined wall portion of the cap 9 and at the other end against a washer 20 holding a packing ring 21 in position.
Patent GB-140960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in tools for removing engine valves or similar members
IPC: B25B9/00
Filed: 1919-08-08
Abstract: 140,960. Hambleton, H. C. Aug. 8, 1919. Holding and picking-up tools; pliers.-A tool for removing engine valves and similar members consists of two lever arms with ends bent slightly outwards, adapted in the splayed position of the arms to engage in the slit of a valve or similar member, and, when the arms are pressed together, to grip and hold the valve. Two lever arms a, b have their ends c, d bent outwards. A flat split clip g passing through slots prevents the arms from becoming detached. Handles e, f may be provided on the arms. When the handles e, f are pressed together, the ends c, d grip the sides of the slit k of the valve l, which may then be removed.
Patent GB-498526-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of valuable liquid hydrocarbons by polymerisation of olefines
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1937-07-15
Abstract: Gases containing more than 30 and preferably 40 per cent or more of olefines with up to 5 carbon atoms, mainly butylenes or amylenes or both, are polymerized with catalysts of the Friedel Crafts' type, the products being subjected to hydrogenation and a treatment with superheated steam in the presence of caustic alkali.  Gases containing butylenes and propylene are especially suitable.  They may be obtained by hydrogenation of carbon oxides. Suitable catalysts are boron halides, or chlorides of Al, Zn, and Fe, or their double compounds.  Polymerization may be carried out in the gas phase or in the liquid phase using pressure to liquefy the olefines or in the presence of an inert diluent, e.g. a saturated benzine.  The catalyst is preferably decomposed, as soon as a polymer of desired viscosity is obtained, by treatment with water or dilute caustic alkali.  The oils may then be fractionated.  The crude products or their fractions are preferably first hydrogenated, using increased temperature and pressure, and nickel catalysts, up to 5 per cent of caustic alkali is added, and the products distilled with superheated steam.  A subsequent distillation in vacuo may be effected.  Products suitable as insulating oils are obtained, in addition to lower boiling fractions which can be used as benzines or Diesel oils. In an example, a gas obtained by reaction of CO and H2, containing chiefly butylenes, amylenes, and propylene, together with paraffins, is moistened, mixed with BF3, and passed at 10-15 DEG  C. down a packed tube.  The liquid product is treated with caustic potash, passed over a nickel catalyst in an atmosphere of hydrogen at 140-150 DEG  C. and 200 atmos., and distilled in superheated steam after addition of solid KOH.
Patent GB-485966-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the electric heat treatment of steel rails
IPC: C21D9/04
Filed: 1937-07-16
Abstract: 485,966. Heat treatment. WELDING SERVICE, Inc. July 16, 1937, No. 19785. Convention date, July 27, 1936. [Class 72] [Also in Group XI] A rail is heated preparatory to chilling by arranging the upper portion only of the head 17 between the poles 14 of an electromagnet and continuing heating until the temperature of the upper portion is raised above the critical temperature. Chilling is applied after and for a predetermined time interval. Specification 446,111, [Group XI], is referred to.