Patent GB-688765-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to asphaltic emulsions
IPC: C08K5/42
Filed: 1949-12-12
Abstract: A compound for adding to an asphalt in water emulsion has the formula RSO3X; XO3S-R-Sn-R1-SO3X; or (XO3S-R-)mSn, wherein R or R1 is an organic radicle containing an aliphatic diphenyl ether group having at least one aliphatic radicle, the sum of carbon atoms in the aliphatic portion being at least 20, whilst X is one equivalent of a hydrophilic salt forming radicle comprising an alkali metal, ammonium or organic substituted ammonium and n is an integer not exceeding 6, whilst m is at least 3.  Preferred procedure is to alkylate the diphenyl ether with, e.g. "wax unsaturate" or monochloro paraffin wax, sulphonate with, e.g., chlorsulphonic acid, and neutralize with an alkali metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate or an amine to give the salt.  Other alkylating agents are ceresin derivatives, slack wax, slop wax, and rod wax, n-octyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl-, and the capryl alcohols, n-decyl alcohol, lauryl, myristyl and stearyl alcohol and their corresponding olefins.  Reaction between the ether and agent occurs at 150 DEG  to 250 DEG  C., generally in the presence of a catalyst, e.g. activated clay and/or zinc chloride.  The sulphur containing derivatives may be obtained by reacting the substituted ether sulphonic acids with a sulphur halide or the substituted ether with a sulphur halide and then sulphonating. Suitable halides are SCl2 for the mono sulphide and S2Cl2 for the disulphide whilst for the polysulphide having more than 2 sulphur atoms the disulphide prepared as above is treated with elemental sulphur.  The number of mono-, di- or polysulphide groups introduced varies according to the molar proportions of the reactants.ALSO:An asphalt-in-water emulsion, emulsified by bentonite, incorporates a substance of the formula RSO3X; XO13S-R-Sn-R1-SO3X or (SO3X-R-)mSn wherein R or R1 is an organic radicle containing an aliphatic diphenyl ether group having at least one aliphatic radical, the sum of the carbon atoms in the aliphatic portion being at least 20 whilst X is one equivalent of a hydrophilic salt forming radical comprising an alkali metal, ammonium or organic substituted ammonium and n is an integer not exceeding 6 whilst m is at least 3.  The amount added is between 0.05 and 2.0 per cent by weight preferably as a 15 per cent solution in water.ALSO:A composition comprises a major proportion of an asphalt in water emulsion and 0.05 to 2 per cent of a compound RSO3X wherein R is an organic radicle containing an aliphatic substituted diphenyl ether group having at least one aliphatic radicle, the sum of carbon atoms in the aliphatic portion being at least 20 whilst X is one equivalent of a hydrophilic salt forming radicle comprising an alkali metal, ammonium or organic substituted ammonium.  Compounds of the formula XO3S-R-Sn-R1-SO3X are included within the above, R and R1 corresponding to R and n an integer not greater than 6; and also compounds (XO3S-R-)mSn where m is at least 3, the remaining symbols being as above.  Preferred compounds are hydrophilic salts of alkylated diphenyl ether sulphonic acids and their sulphide and polysulphide analogues (see Group IV (b)).  The compound is added preferably as a 15 per cent solution in water.  Bentonite is the emulsifying agent.