Patent GB-1378898-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for separating particles from a liquid
IPC: B01D17/02
Filed: 1971-12-16
Abstract: 1378898 Centrifugal separators TECHNISCHE MAATSCHAPPIJ BERGMANN NV 16 Dec 1971 [14 Jan 1971 23 March 1971] 58531/71 Heading B2P In a method of separating solid or liquid particles from a liquid or classifying solids contained in a liquid, the mixture of liquid and particles is introduced centrally into a basin and is caused to flow outwardly in a horizontal manner whilst a rotational velocity component is imparted to the mixture so that a horizontal vortex field is created, a lighter fraction of the mixture being discharged upwardly over an overflow edge of the basin and a heavier fraction being discharged downwardly towards the bottom of the basin. In Fig. 1, the mixture is fed to a cylindrical part 7 of the basin via a pipe 20 which opens above rotatable deflector disc 19 on which are mounted blades 17, 18. Clean liquid serving to wash the particles (in the case of solid particles) and facilitate their separation is supplied below the disc 19 via pipe 21 under the control of a valve 22. The bladed disc 19 is rotated by the mixture acting on the blades 17 and the clean liquid acting on the blades 19 and creates an outwardly directed eddying motion forming a vortex flow A. The bladed disc 19 may be further rotated via a shaft 23 connected to a reduction motor. The vortex flow A causes centrifugal separation of the heavier and/or larger particles which are carried by a downwardly deflecting branch D of the vortex flow towards collecting funnels 11. An upwardly deflecting branch C of the vortex flow, comprising the major portion of the liquid, the lighter and/or smaller particles and same entrained heavier and/or larger particles, passes through large diameter openings 9 at the periphery of a perforated screen 8 into a conical part 5 of the basin where it is divided into an upwardly directed portion containing the lighter and/or smaller particles which flows over the edge 2 of the basin into a gutter 3 and a downwardly directed portion which contains the remaining heavier and/or larger particles and which is returned to the part 7 via a sleeve 10. Some of the latter particles are also returned via the perforations in the screen 8. Level regulators may be provided at 16 to remotely control valves 15 on the funnel outlet passages 14 via motors so as to regulate the discharge from the'funnels and hence vary the concentration of heavier and/or larger particles in the liquid discharged therewith. In a modification the bladed disc 19 is stationary, the vortex flow being imparted by the blades. In a further modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), the bladed deflector disc is stationary and is secured at the bottom of a central shaft or tube. The mixture is introduced via an annular channel surrounding the shaft or tube. The heavier and/or larger particles discharge from openings at the bottom of the funnels into a common collecting funnel from which they may be removed by a grab-type apparatus which is pulled upwardly through the central shaft or tube. A frusto-conical screen (6) mounted centrally above the horizontal screen (8) with its upper edge spaced from the lower edge of the cylindrical wall of the upper part (1) of the basin directs the downwardly deflecting portion of the vortex branch (C) towards the horizontal screen. In a still further modification, separation may be facilitated by introducing a flocculating agent in the liquid supplied through the pipe 21.  In Fig. 6, which shows apparatus adapted to remove solids and oil from water, the screen 6 extends between the wall of the part 1 and a central support 30. The screen 8, which is inclined and is spaced from the cylindrical wall of the part 7, is supported by radial tubes 31 sewing as supply conduits extending between an annular supply reservoir 32 for the mixture to be treated and a connecting piece 34 attached to the bladed deflector disc 19. To permit separation of the oil, the upper wall of the part 5 of the basin is perforated at 35 to form the bottom of the gutter 3 which is also provided with an inclined false bottom 36 for the removal of the clean liquid overflowing the edge 2. The oil passing through the perforations 35 gather at 37 and is removed through a pipe 38. The solids accumulate in the funnels 11 which communicate via connecting pieces 39 with a common receptacle 26.