Patent GB-191004550-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Calculating Machines.
Inventor: RECHNITZER ALEXANDER
Filed: 1910-02-23
Granted: 1911-02-23
Abstract: 4550. Rechnitzer, A. Feb. 27, 1909, [Convention date]. Calculating-apparatus. - In a motor-driven multiplying and dividing machine of the type described in Specifications 16,049/02 and 14,453/05, in which the products or quotients are added to or subtracted from the adding- mechanism during the first half-revolution of the main spindle, that is, at the same time as the transfer parts are set, which parts are subsequently actuated to effect the transfer during the second half-revolution of the spindle, the products are registered by a simplified method where factors from 6 to 9 are involved, first obtaining an excessive product by employing 10 as a factor and then reducing the same automatically. Arrangements are described whereby addition and subtraction can be performed in one and the same position of the travelling carriage, and whereby the factors set and the products calculated can be printed side by side on the same paper. Totalizing- counters are also provided for summing the products and the separately-set factors or quotients according as multiplication or division is performed; indicating-wheels also show such factors or quotients. Keyboards and differential mechanism.-The keys 1 for setting a multiplicand or a divisor when depressed push a bar 2, Fig. 3, to the left, thus freeing the two teeth 5 on the bar from the pinion 6, which is then free to turn under the action of the spring acting on the segment . 8. The spindle 11 of the pinion 6 has a camgroove 12, with which engages a finger 13 of a sleeve 14 provided with an arm 15 engaging a grooved disk 16 on a spindle 18. The movement of the spindle 11 through the sleeve 14 causes the disk 16 and its toothed wheel 17 to move to the right until the projection 19 on the sleeve 14 is arrested by a depressed key. A complete rotation of the main spindle 20, Fig. 4, through a connecting-rod gear 21, 22, 23, 25, actuates racks 28 by means of the pins on the racks engaging a slot 26 in the lever 25, the racks being mounted in a vertically adjustable manner in brackets 29, 30, Fig. 2, on which are levers 31 ... 34 connected together by a rod 42, which, when pushed to the left, raises the racks to engage the wheels 17. To move the rod 42, a disk 44 mounted on the main spindle, Fig. 11, is provided with a groove 45 with which engages a pin 46 on a lever 47 rotatably mounted on a spindle 48, having an arm 49, Fig. 4, with a cam-groove. 50 at its front end engaged by a pin 43 on the rod 42. The grooves 45, 50 are so arranged that the racks are raised immediately at the beginning of the main-spindle revolution, and are lowered after the first half-revolution so that the return movement does not affect the wheels 17. The rotation of the wheels 17 is communicated through gearing to the numeral-wheels 61 which are provided with stepped wheels 66, 67 and with hand-wheels 68 projecting through the casing. Transfer mechanism.-The transfer parts are set, during the first half-revolution of the main spindle, in a manner similar to that described in Specification 14,453/05. During the second half of the revolution a cam-groove in a disk 84 mounted on the main spindle is engaged by a pin secured to a lever 86; this lever is connected at its lower end to a lever 89, Fig. 4, pivoted on the spindle 48 and at its upper end to an arm 90 pivoted at 91 to a lever 92 secured to the spindle 48. On the spindle 91 are mounted toothed segments 95 adapted to engage wheels 82 when shifted to the left; and the rotation of the main spindle causes the spindle 91 to oscillate and partly rotate to turn the wheels 82 and consequently the wheel 59 through a unit. In the case of transfers consequent upon transfers from lower wheels the projections 73, Fig. 11, are pushed to the left by a slide 99 which has pins working in the grooves 97 on the projections 73. The slide 99 is moved by means of a cam-grooved disk 100 on the main spindle and a double-armed lever 102. This movement of the projections 73 allows them to engage with the wheels 82 so as to turn the next higher numeral wheel directly. The above movements are effected in a positive manner by the provision of locking-disks 105 and locking-wheels 83. Cam-disks 106, Figs. 3 and 11, on which slide levers 107, are also provided to act as positive locking-devices. The levers 107, when raised, enter between the teeth of the wheels 59 successively, the projecting parts 109, 109<a>, 109<b> of the disks 106 being of various lengths and so arranged that the levers 107 release the wheels only when they are to be rotated. The parts are re-set by a grooved-disk 93 swinging the rod 92 in such a manner that the spindle 91 is rotated to put the segments 95 out of engagement with the wheels 59. The drums 76 are returned by the segments 110 forcing levers 111 upwards into a recess on the disk segments 112 which are secured to the drums 76. To move the numeral wheels when the main spindle is in the position of rest, hand wheels 68 are provided, and the disks 106 have a surface supported on a lever 114 pressed upwards by a spring 116 to allow this movement. Adding and subtracting apparatus.-To enable the machine to perform addition and subtraction, the keys 1 and setting-mechanism are mounted in a carriage sliding on two bars 123, 124 to bring either the wheels 52 or 53 into engagement with the wheels 58. The sliding bar 123 is provided with a groove 125, Fig. 2, and is formed with a grooved-disk 127 at the left-hand end, with which engages a pin 128 on a double-armed lever 129, Fig 11. A pin 132 on the lever 29 is adapted at the beginning of a revolution of the said spindle to move the disk 84 to the right, whereupon a groove on the right-hand side thereof engages a pin on a lever 136 mounted similarly to the lever 86, and adapted to actuate the segments 95 to effect the transfer in the subtraction position. The grooves on the disk 84 are so shaped that one of them raises the segments when the spindle 91 is oscillated forward and lowers the segments when the spindle is swung out of engagement, and vice versa. The pinions 54, 55, which are adapted to gear with the numeral wheel 61, may be disengaged, while the carriage moves, by means of an arm 700 rocked when the actuating-racks 28 are raised. Addition and subtraction can be performed in a single position of the carriage. When the subtracting-key 141, Fig. 6, is depressed, the spindle 143 is turned, and, through a lever 144, pin, and fork 146, the lever 25 and the racks 28 are oscillated, and thereby the connecting-rod gear 21, 22. To allow the latter movement, the connecting-rod head 21 is mounted on a bar 147 and can be locked in any position by a slide 148 on a ring 149 adjustable on the main spindle so that the racks will now be operative in the reverse direction to that previously described. The disk 127 must be oscillated to allow the transfer parts to act; to do this, the spindle 151, rocked by a lever 152, Fig. 4, is provided with an arm 163 engaging a double-armed lever 164 to press a toothed wheel 159 to the left to make engagement with the wheels 161, 162. The wheel 159 which is normally freely rotatable is rotated by a segment 158 oscillated by a lever 156, which engages at its lower end a pin on the connecting-rod. A spring motor tends to pull the carriage to the right, but the carriage is locked in any one of its positions by a claw 176 and stops 179, 180, and also by a double-armed lever 429, Fig. 10, attached to the rod 42 and having a pin engaging slots in the plate 118 of the carriage. Multiplying and dividing apparatus. - For the process of multiplication, a wheel 182 with adjustable teeth is provided and is rotated one tooth at each step of the carriage as well as at each revolution of the main spindle, two steps moving the carriage to the next lower denomination. On the spindle 183 of this wheel is rotatably mounted a wheel 200, Fig. 3, with teeth which engage a rack 198 on the plate 118 of the carriage. The wheel 200 is provided with a driving-pin 201 adapted to engage and rotate a disk 203 adjustably mounted on the spindle 183. The wheel 182 is also turned through one tooth by a rotation of the main spindle when a grooved disk 204, Fig. 11, oscillates a rack 208 through a pin and lever. The rack 208 engages a wheel 209 with a driver pin 210 adapted to engage the disk 203. This disk is raised into engagement by its connexion with the bar 42, which has a pin 211, Fig. 6, engaging a groove in a double-armed lever 213 provided with forked end enclosing a bead on the disk. The forward movement of the rack 208 rotates the disk, but is disengaged therefrom on the back stroke. The wheel 182 is provided with ten grooves, into which fit the ten vertically-adjustable teeth 184 mounted on a bar 218, Fig. 3, having teeth 219 engaging claws 220 on the double-armed levers h<1> ... h<10>. The levers h<1> ... h<10> have forked-shaped ends, in front of which are arranged the levers d<0> ... d<10> rotatably mounted and connected through various arrangements of slotted levers, segments, and pins to the keys T<0> ... T<9>, Fig. 7. The arrangements are such that, when any key T<6> ... T<9> is depressed, the levers d situated below and on both sides of such key are raised, the left-hand one twice as much as the righthand one, and similarly when any key T<0> ... T<5> is depressed the lever immediately under it will be raised. The lever d‹ is partially raised in a special manner by segments and a sliding plate 268, Fig. 24, which is connected by a number of jointed levers to the keys and can be moved to its lowest position only when the plate 268 is moved, that is when one of the keys T<6> ... T<9> is depressed, by means of a lever 281 moved from a sliding bar 287, Fig. 24. The keys are locked in the depressed position by a bar 436. A grooved disk 326 secured to a spindle 293 engages a pin on an arm 328, which has, at its other end, a projection working in a grooved s