baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1082177-A (GB)
Title: Separation process
IPC: C12H6/04
Filed: 1965-02-24
Abstract: <PICT:1082177/C4-C5/1> Wax is crystallized from a petroleum feed by passing upwards in a tower in direct countercurrent contact with aqueous calcium chloride coolant, the feed forming a dispersion of uniform size droplets which collapses after crystallization of the wax to form, at the exit, a pressure-sealing plug of wax-oil slurry of restricted cross-section. The feed rate is 15-325 cu. ft./sq. ft./hr. and the coolant rate is 5-200 cu. ft./sq. ft./hr.  The feed velocity is 0.01-200ft./min. and the coolant velocity is up to 2 ft./min.  The inlet feed temperature is 70-120 DEG  F. and the inlet coolant temperature is - 40 DEG  to 60 DEG  F.  The ratio of feed to coolant is 2-3 to 1.  The pressure in the tower is 5-350 p.s.i.g. The droplets have a diameter of 3/8 to 1/32 inch and comprise 10-85% of the total volume of the dispersion. Cooling is effected at a rate of 15-150 DEG  F./min. The temperature difference between the coolant and droplets in the crystallization zone is 0.5-40 DEG  F.  The wax crystals have a size of 0.5-1000 microns.  A dewaxing solvent may be added to the feed in a dilution ratio of 1 to 1. The solvent may be methyl (ethyl, isopropyl, or isobutyl) ketone, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, or toluene.  The wax, oil and solvent may be separated by passage through two centrifugal separators in series with recycling of the solvent to the crystallization tower and to the second separator. The overall solvent dilution ratio may be 1.5-4 to 1.  In one embodiment (Fig. 1), feed is sprayed upwards into the lower end of a tower 2 from a spray head 63, overflows the top of the tower as a collapsed slurry, and passes through a peripheral zone 18 to a narrow tubular exit 3.  Coolant is passed down through the lower half of the tower from a ring 12 having upwardly pointing orifices 17, is withdrawn through an outlet 7, and is recycled after recooling.  In another embodiment (Fig. 4), a propeller (25) is situated above the ring (12) to aid collapse of the dispersion and the tower tapers above the propeller and terminates in a narrow tubular exit (24).  In a modification (Fig. 5), the feed is injected from the periphery of the tower through inlets (66).
Patent GB-549714-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to telephone switching and exchange systems and apparatus
IPC: H04M19/04
Filed: 1941-06-26
Abstract: 549,714. Manual exchange systems. TELEPHONE MANUFACTURING CO., Ltd., and BROCKIES, A. C. June 26, 1941, No. 8040. [Class 40 (iv)] In a magneto system in which the transmitters are of the kind requiring no external source of current, the magneto generators at the substations and at the exchange are arranged to generate audio-frequency current for calling and supervisory signalling, and the subscribers' receivers are permanently connected to line to respond to calling current. As shown, connections are set up over one-wire cord-circuits 27 and a common bus-bar 8, the operator's circuit being associated with any cord by means of switches 29. Associated with each jack 9 is a relay indicator D of the kind described in Specification 547,587, [Group XXXVIII], which when operated by calling current connects up a common hooter or bell 19, and which is reset and disconnected by the act of plugging in. The operator calls the wanted subscriber by means of her magneto 31, and an indicator E associated with the cord when the switch 29 is restored serves to respond to a clearing signal. This indicator is reset by inserting one of the plugs into.a socket or by a push-button. Each of the indicators D, E may if desired control a lamp 24. In a modification, the clearing indicators E are not provided, and the calling indicators D are permanently in circuit so as to respond also to clearing signals, being reset when the plug is inserted and again when it is withdrawn. Connections may be set up alternatively by means of keys which may be arranged to reset the indicators.
Patent GB-641918-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for the recovery of metal ions from solutions
Inventor: WALSH CONRAD LAWRENCE
IPC: B01J39/04
Filed: 1948-03-18
Abstract: A process of recovering metal ions such as copper, nickel, or barium from solutions containing them comprises contacting the solution with an insoluble pectic substance having exchangeable cations (e.g. hydrogen or calcium) to effect by ion exchange the adsorption of the metal ions from the solution to form a metal salt of the pectic substance and recovering the metal ions therefrom by contacting the metal salt of the pectic substance with a solution of an acid or a salt.  The solution may be passed through a column of the pectic substance, or the latter may be added to the solution and later removed by sedimentation, filtration, or both.  In an example, 70 litres of a copper sulphate solution containing 0.01 per cent of copper was passed through 100 mls. of granular pectic acid in a glass tube with a liquid-pervious base, and the bed was regenerated by passing through it a 3 per cent solution of sulphuric acid, the bulk of the copper being recovered as a 4 per cent solution of copper sulphate.  The pectic substance may be in the form of powder or extruded fibres.  The ion-exchange properties of the pectates are p inherent, but may be rendered slightly more active by one of two alternate washings with a dilute acid and a dilute solution of calcium chloride.ALSO:A process of recovering metal ions from solutions containing them comprises contacting the solution with an insoluble pectic substance having exchangeable cations (e.g., hydrogen or calcium) to effect by ion exchange the adsorption of the metal ions from the solution to form a metal salt of the pectic substance and recovering the metal ions therefrom by contacting the metal salt of the pectic substance with a solution of an acid or a salt.  The solution may be passed through a column of the pectic substance, or the latter may be added to the solution and later removed by sedimentation, filtration or both.  In an example, 70 litres of a copper sulphate solution containing 0.01 per cent of copper was passed through 100 mls of granular pectic acid in a glass tube with a liquid-pervious base, and the bed was regenerated by passing through it a 3 per cent solution of sulphuric acid, the bulk of the copper being recovered as a 4 per cent solution of copper sulphate.  The pectic substance may be in the form of powder or extruded fibres.  The ion-exchange properties of the pectates are inherent, but may be rendered slightly more active by one or two alternate washings with a dilute acid and a dilute solution of calcium chloride.
Patent GB-1260119-A (GB)
Title: Electric connectors
Inventor: BRIDLE KENNETH FREDERICK
IPC: H01R13/623
Filed: 1968-02-20
Abstract: 1,260,119. Washers. A.B. ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS Ltd. 20 Feb., 1969 [20 Feb., 1968], No. 8211/68. Heading F2H. [Also in Division H2]  A radially corrugated washer has two peripheral radial or axial projections.
Patent GB-1036816-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in emergency escape ladders
IPC: E06C1/56
Filed: 1964-02-28
Abstract: 1,036,816. Cable grips. A. DENNIS. May 6, 1965 [Feb. 28, 1964], No. 8363/64. Heading F2X. [Also in Division A6] The ends of the rungs A of a rope ladder are provided with arms KL to hold the ladder away from the wall. The rope is each secured in a hole in the rung by sleeves secured to the rope B on each side of the rung or by a split sleeve D, E tapered towards each end and clamped on the rope by a conical nut H forcing the sleeve into a conical seating F in the rung.
Patent GB-296277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric mining lamps
IPC: F21L4/00
Filed: 1928-03-19
Abstract: 296,277. Concordia Elektrizitats- Akt.-Ges., and Gosmann, W. March 19, 1928. Battery lamps.- In miners' lamps having a circular head mounted on a rectangular battery container, the rectangular body g of the container runs into a cylindrical flange g<1> adapted to receive an intermediate screw-threaded ring f to which the lamp head can be secured. The ring may be secured by bayonet rastenings j which are locked by the upward pressure due to an internal screw-threaded ring k which clamps the battery cover d in position.
Patent GB-1505564-A (GB)
Title: Horizontal deflection apparatus
IPC: H01J29/74
Filed: 1975-05-16
Abstract: 1505564 Cathode ray display tubes TEKTRONIX Inc 16 May 1975 [5 July 1974] 8492/77 Divided out of 1505563 Heading H1D A horizontal deflection system for a dual electron beam apparatus comprises side-by-side pairs 40, 41 of horizontal deflection plates, each pair including an inner and outer plate 40alpha, 40b and 41a, 41b, the axis of symmetry 44, 45 of each pair converging towards each other, a support structure including insulating legs 134, 135, an isolation shield structure including an intergun isolation shield 80 between the deflection plate pairs and supported by the structure, and inner and outer shields 82, 84, 85 carried by the structure and disposed adjacent the exit of the deflection plates for correcting keystone distortion. The remaining disclosure corresponds generally to that of the parent Specification.
Patent GB-292091-A (GB)
Title: Process for loosening tobacco and freeing it from dust in pneumatic tobacco preparing apparatus
IPC: A24B3/06
Filed: 1928-03-21
Abstract: 292,091. United Cigarette Machine Go., Akt.-Ges. June 13, 1927, [Convention date]. Cigarette-making machines.-Cut tobacco is loosened and freed from dust in a pneumatic conveyer by alternately increasing and decreasing the air speed in the tobacco conduit. As shown, the conduit is provided with alternate constrictions a, a' and expanded parts b. The air speed may also be increased by means of fans, the admission of compressed air, or other means.
Patent GB-566877-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to power-supply circuits particularly for electron-discharge devices
IPC: H02M7/06
Filed: 1943-05-29
Abstract: 566,877. Supply systems for space discharge apparatus ; converting. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO., Ltd. May 29, 1943, No. 8607. Convention date, May 30, 1942. [Classes 38 (ii) and 38 (iv)] [Also in Group XL] Selecting sources in service.-To economize in power supplied to the deflection circuit of a cathode-ray tube through a saw-tooth sweep generator or amplifier, two unidirectional sources of different voltage are employed in series, the one of higher voltage having a low current capacity and bad regulation, and a unidirectional conducting device is connected across the latter source so as to become conductive only when, due to current demand, the voltage at its terminals would reverse. Fig. 3 shows a rectifier 9 producing a voltage E1 in series with a rectifier 11 fed from a resonant circuit excited by the ripple voltage in the choke 19 and producing a higher voltage E2. On a high current demand, such as occurs when the duration of a constant-amplitude saw-tooth impulse is increased to a predetermined value, the potential across the output terminals of rectifier 11 would reverse and a diode 21 then conducts most of the load current. Fig. 4 shows another arrangement in which the higher voltage rectifier 25 includes a resistance 23 in its output circuit to give the necessary poor regulation of its output voltage.
Patent GB-217992-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with the construction of ships and boats
IPC: B63B25/10
Filed: 1923-03-26
Abstract: 217,992. Dickie, J. B. March 26, 1923. Bulkheads; compartments; oil-carrying vessels.-In ships provided with two or more spaced continuous longitudinal curved bulk heads B, arranged on each side of the longitudinal centre line of the vessel to form a central hold or holds adapted for the stowage of oil and wing compartments D, a single bottom is employed so that the tanks are bounded by the bottom shell plating S the transverse bulkheads and the longitudinal bulkheads. The longitudinal bulkheads are at the centre of the vessel curved from the principal bottom girders L to the hatch coaming plates or the bulkheads may extend right across the centre line of the ship. At the ends, the bulkheads may only extend downwardly to a point short of the bottom girders. The spaces D outside the oil tanks may be framed longitudinally or transversely. In the former case, the principal elements of the framing are the bilge stringer S<1>,the stringer S<2>, and the upper girder.
Patent GB-720408-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sheet registering apparatus in cylinder printing machines
IPC: B65H9/10
Filed: 1952-04-04
Abstract: 720,408. Feeding sheets. GERICKE, E. April 4, 1952 [April 26, 1951], No. 8661/52. Class 100 (1). Side registers.-In apparatus for registering sheets sidewise in cylinder printing machines, of the kind wherein each sheet 3 is pulled by being pressed on to a reciprocating plate or rail 2 by a vertically-reciprocating rotatable roller 4, Fig. 1, carried by a head 1, the head 1 is slidable across the machine on a shaft 8 and is provided with either two side stops 11, 12 and one roller 4, or two rollers and an intermediate stop, or, as shown in Fig. 6, with one stop 31 and a roller 34 on a lever 33 which can be swung about a pivot 32 to either side of the stop, whereby one head 1 can serve to register sheets at either side of the machine. The head 1, Fig. 1, is adjustably secured to the shaft 8, and the latter is rocked by a lever and a cam disc to give the periodic up and down motion to the roller 4. Each stop 11, 12 can be moved, against the action of a spring, into inoperative position, and retained by a screw. The rail 2 is reciprocated from a face cam 16 which acts on an arm 18 secured to the rail; the face cam can, by slackening two screws 19, be rotated about its axis through 180 degrees when the head 1 is used at the opposite side of the machine. Instead of one continuous rail 2, the rail can comprise two end sections, Fig. 4 (not shown), slidably mounted on a shaft, these sections being pressed apart by a spring and each provided with a roller which is pressed against a face cam. The side registration is effected immediately after front registration of the sheet against front stops 15; the front stops 15 thereafter effect a straightening of the front edge of the sheet before it is seized by grippers on an impression cylinder.
Patent GB-512407-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to devices for erecting bodies such as parts of aircraft
IPC: B64F5/10
Filed: 1939-03-20
Abstract: 512,407. Work-benches. JUNKERS FLUGZEUG - UND - MOTORENWERKE AKT. - GES. March 20, 1939, No. 8805. Convention date, April 9, 1938. [Class 61 (ii)] [Also in Group XXXIII] An erecting device for use. in constructing bodies of comparatively large dimensions such as aircraft fuselages, wings and the like, includes at least four main members combined together into the form shown in Fig. 1. In one form, box girders 1, 2, 3, 4 of U-shape are combined together. A number of the elements thus formed may be combined side-by-side or in rows. In modifications, the girders are subdivided to facilitate the introduction of spacing members or the girders may be constructed with telescopic parts.
Patent GB-643284-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to bottle closures
IPC: B65D51/00
Filed: 1947-04-01
Abstract: 643,284. Bottle closures. STALLER, J. April 1, 1947, No. 8842. Convention date, Jan. 27. [Class 125(iii)] Relates to bottle closures consisting of a resiliently yielding sealing ring 12 permanently secured to the mouth of a bottle 9 by a stiff annular cap 10 the lower rim 11 of which is bent back beneath an annular bead on the bottle neck, and an exchangeable dished cover 14, which can be introduced through the opening in the cap and brought into contact with the sealing ring by a purely axial movement. According to the invention, in the closed condition of the closure, the cover 14 bears on the inner margin 13 of the cap 10 by means of a protuberance 17 produced on the marginal wall of the cover by a permanent deformation of the wall in an outward direction from within, after the cover has been inserted. As shown, cover 14 is slightly larger than the aperture in ring 12, and protuberances 17 are formed in lugs 15 after the cover has been pressed into position. A lug 18 facilitates removal of cover 14 by tearing or deformation. In another embodiment the cover rests on the ring instead of fitting inside it, and in a further embodiment the protuberance on the cover is in the form of a closed annular bead extending around the entire periphery of the cover.
Patent GB-1037899-A (GB)
Title: Fungitoxic compositions
IPC: A01N37/28
Filed: 1965-03-02
Abstract: Benzohydroxamic acids of formula <FORM:1037899/C2/1> wherein X is a hydrogen or chlorine atom, R is a hydrogen atom or a benzoyl radical, which may be substituted by one or two chlorine atoms, and n is 1 or 2 are fungitoxic agents (see Division A5). The monobenzohydroxamic acids may be prepared by reacting benzoic acid esters with hydroxylamine, and the dibenzohydroxamic acids may be prepared by reacting benzoic acid chlorides with hydroxylamine.ALSO:Fungitoxic compositions comprise at least one benzohydroxamic acid of formula <FORM:1037899/A5-A6/1> wherein X is a hydrogen or chlorine atom, R is a hydrogen atom or a benzoyl radical, which may be substituted by one or two chlorine atoms, and n stands for 1 or 2, in admixture with a solid diluent or carrier or in admixture with an organic solvent and an emulsifying agent capable of producing a stable emulsion when diluted with water, or in admixture with water containing an auxiliary solvent and/or an emulsifying agent.  The compositions may be in the form of solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, pastes and granulates.  Non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers are specified.
Patent GB-613065-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in switching systems for multiple electric circuits
IPC: H01H47/00
Filed: 1946-03-22
Abstract: 613,065. Switching systems. WAYGOODOTIS, Ltd. March 22, 1946, No. 8870. Convention date, July 26, 1945. [Class 38 (iv)] Two parallel-connected circuits controlled by a common switching system are interconnected by a rectifier to permit a reduction in the number of elements of the switching system. In the known arrangement shown in Fig. 1a, contactors C, D are in parallel circuits across lines +, -, contactor C being controlled solely by the contacts A1 of a relay A and contactor D being controlled either separately by contacts B1 of a relay B or conjointly with contactor C by further contacts A2 of relay A. Similar operation is obtained in the new arrangement of Fig. 1b and using only one pair of contacts on relay A by the connection between the contactors of a rectifier R. Several other circuit arrangements are described, in some of which the relays are replaced by discharge tubes.
Patent GB-247775-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to presses for tennis and like rackets
IPC: A63B60/44
Filed: 1925-04-03
Abstract: 247,775. Kerlogue, H. G. April 3, 1925. Racket presses.- A press for tennis and like rackets comprises a pair of boards approximating in shape to the head of a racket and hinged by a transverse pin at their upper ends so as to be capable of a sliding movement one over the other, and means at or near the edges of the boards for causing the boards to approach one another after the head of the racket is in position between them. As shown, a pair of boards a. a<1> of metal or ply-wood are hinged together bv a pivot b in the form of a screw-threaded socket fixed to the lower board. A rubber sleeve b<2> or a compression spring normally holds the two boards apart. Each board is provided on one edge with a pair of screw clamps c<1>. By swinging the upper board about the pivot b the racket may be introduced and afterwards clamped by means of the clamps c<1> and a screw b<1>. Strengthening strips a<2> and metal protective plates a<3> may be attached to the boards. The middle portions of the boards may be cut away to produce oval frames. The screws in the clamps c' may be replaced by wedges adapted to engage during closing of the boards, with corresponding portions on the boards; or the clamps c<1> may be replaced by bolts. In a further modification, the wedge-shaped portions are arranged so that a longitudinal sliding movement between the boards produces the desired clamping the pivot b being arranged to admit the necessary movement. Handles may be provided on the boards at the ends remote from the pivot.
Patent GB-1565478-A (GB)
Title: 4-exohydroxy-4-homoisotwistane and perfume and flavouring compositions comprising the same
IPC: C07C29/09
Filed: 1978-03-07
Abstract: 4-exo-Hydroxy-4-homoisotwistane corresponds to the formula (I): <IMAGE>   It makes it possible to prepare a fragrance and flavour composition developing a characteristic odour of fresh leaves.
Patent GB-666725-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of styrene copolymers and compositions
IPC: C08F220/28
Filed: 1949-04-01
Abstract: Copolymers of styrene and beta-allyloxyethylacrylate are made by polymerizing, e.g. using heat and/or light and catalysts, a mixture of 40-70 per cent styrene and 60-30 per cent beta-allyloxyethyl acrylate.  If desired, a copolymer soluble in organic solvents may be obtained by stopping the reaction at the appropriate stage, e.g. by adding quinone, hydroquinone, dipentene or terpinolene.  The polymerization may be carried out in batches, semi-continuously or continuously and in emulsion, bulk, or solution, e.g. in water, water admixed with organic solvents or organic solvents, e.g. benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclo-hexanone or high-boiling petroleum fractions. The mixture may also include modifiers, accelerators, and surface-active agents such as mercaptans, isopropyl alcohol, xanthates, and maleic anhydride. The catalysts may be azobis-(isobutyronitrile), alpha, alpha1-azobis-(alpha, gamma-dimethylvaleronitrile), alpha, alpha1-azobis-(alpha-methyl-gamma-methoxy-valeronitrile), and 1,11 - azobis - (cyclohexanecarbonitrile), benzoyl peroxide, oxygen, acyl peroxides, alkyl peroxides, alkyl percarboxylates, alkyl hydroperoxides, azines, persulphates, perborates, hydrogen peroxide, and tetrahydronaphthalene in the presence of air.  Compositions comprising the soluble copolymer and a solvent, e.g. xylene, are used for coating metal surfaces, e.g. tin and Bonderized steel panels, and the resin, after removal of the solvent, hardened to a solvent resistant state.  The compositions may include driers, e.g. cobalt naphthenate, and organic solvent soluble salts of manganese, lead, iron, vanadium, calcium or zinc, pigments, e.g. titanium oxide, waxes, dyes, peroxides, resins and antioxidants.  Specification 626,155 is referred to.ALSO:Beta - allyloxyethanol made by reacting ethylene oxide with allyl alcohol in the presence of sodium hydroxide is converted to beta-allyloxyethyl acrylate by ester interchange between the beta-allyloxyethanol and ethyl acrylate, using p-toluenesulphonic acid as a catalyst and hydroquinone as an inhibitor.
Patent GB-197800-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sash fasteners
IPC: E05C3/00
Filed: 1922-03-29
Abstract: 197,800. Wiggans, T. March 29, 1922. Sash fasteners, pivoted-arm type.-The pivoted arm I of a sash fastener has a keyhole slot F for - the pivot pin D which has a square base. When the base engages the narrow end E of the slot the arm cannot turn. To release, the arm is pressed back till the base enters the enlarged portion of the slot. A nut H clamps the arm in position.