Patent GB-607204-A (GB)
Title: Improved process of obtaining aliphatic sulphonic acids
IPC: C07C303/08
Filed: 1945-04-20
Abstract: Aliphatic carboxylic acids containing at least six carbon atoms and their esters, chlorides, anhydrides, amides and nitriles are treated with an equimolar proportion of chlorsulphonic acid in the presence of carbon tetrachloride to give sulphonated products which are stated to be emulsifying agents.  In examples, pelargonic acid and ethylpelargonate, and caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids are sulphonated.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the esterification with any alcohol of the sulphonated fatty acids or their sulphochlorides.  When glycols, polyglycols or glycerol are used for the esterification, complex sulphonated esters may be formed by esterifying the free hydroxy group present with sulphuric acid or a carboxylic acid or its chloride or anhydride or a sulphonated carboxylic acid.  The sulphonated fatty acids may also be esterified with glycol or glycerol chlorhydrins, the resulting omega chlormethyl groups being converted into quaternary ammonium chloride groups by means of tertiary amines. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Aliphatic carboxylic acids containing at least six carbon atoms and their esters, chlorides, anhydrides, amides and nitriles are treated with an equimolar proportion of chlorsulphonic acid in the presence of carbon tetrachloride.  When evolution of gas has ceased, the sulphonated product is recovered by distilling off the carbontetrachloride.  It may be bleached by means of hypochlorites, hydrosulphites, hydrogen-peroxide or per salts. In examples, pelargonic acid and ethylpelargonate, and caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids are sulphonated.  The products have wetting, frothing and emulsifying properties.  Specification 288,612, [Class 2 (iii)], is referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the esterification with any alcohol of the sulphonated fatty acids or their sulpho chlorides.  When glycols, polyglycols or glycerol are used for the esterification complex sulphonated esters may be formed by esterifying the free hydroxy group present with sulphuric acid or a carboxylic acid on its chloride or anhydride or a sulphonated carboxylic acid.  The sulphonated fatty acids may also be esterified with glycol or glycerol chlorhydrins, the resulting omega chlormethyl groups being converted into quaternary ammonium chloride groups by means of tertiary amines. The glycerol chlorhydrin may be derived from fats used as a source of the fatty acid starting material.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Products having wetting and frothing properties are obtained by sulphonating aliphatic carboxylic acids containing at least six carbon atoms and their esters, chlorides, anhydrides, amides and nitriles with chlorsulphonic acid in the presence of carbon tetrachloride.  They may be bleached by means of hypochlorites, hydrosulphites, hydrogen-peroxide or per salts.  In examples, pelargonic acid and ethylpelargonate, and caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids are sulphonated.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the esterification with any alcohol of the sulphonated fatty acids or their sulpho-chlorides.  When glycols, polyglycols or glycerol are used for the esterification complex sulphonated esters may be formed by esterifying the free hydroxy group present with sulphuric acid or a carboxylic acid or its chloride or anhydride or a sulphonated carboxylic acid.  The sulphonated fatty acids may also be esterified with glycol or glycerol chlorhydrins, the resulting omega chlormethyl groups being converted into quaternary ammonium chloride groups by means of tertiary amines.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.