Patent GB-346269-A (GB)
Title: Treatment of surfaces
IPC: C09D101/12
Filed: 1929-12-04
Abstract: Cellulose derivatives are precipitated on the surface of articles or materials by the evaporation of a solution in a mixed solvent, the highest boiling constituent of which is not a solvent for the cellulose derivative.  The low boiling constituent or constituents of the solvent may be solvents or latent solvents, that is, liquids which when mixed with certain other liquids constitute solvents.  The process may be applied to films, metal, wood, glass or other materials; when applied to films having a basis of a cellulose derivative a surface of relatively low lustre is produced.  The solution may be applied by spraying or brushing. When the surface or article to be treated has a basis of a cellulose derivative, the liquid need not contain a cellulose derivative, but may consist of a solvent mixture only.  The precipitated cellulose derivative may be cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, ethyl, methyl or benzyl cellulose, or any other ester or ether of cellulose. The lower boiling solvent or latent solvent may be for example, in the case of cellulose acetate, acetone, methyl or ethyl acetate, chloroform, methylene chloride, ethylene dichloride, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol and benzene.  The higher boiling liquid may be, for example, one of the amyl alcohols or amyl acetates, one of the butyl alcohols or acetates, the mono-ethyl ether of ethylene glycol, the mono-butyl ether of ethylene glycol, xylene, toluene, water, butyl propionate, ethyl propionate, cyclo-hexanol, or any suitable mixture of these.  The solution may also contain plasticizers, resins, natural or artificial, pigments and dyes, and also non-volatile materials such as oils or greases.  The clear solution on evaporation leaves a white, clouded, or opaque film on the surface treated.  In one example, cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, water, alcohol and amyl acetate; coco-nut oil may be added.  In another example, cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixture of methylene chloride, butyl alcohol and water.  The methylene chloride is a nonsolvent for cellulose acetate when alone, but forms a solvent mixture when mixed with butyl alcohol.  Upon evaporation of the methylene chloride, the cellulose acetate is precipitated.ALSO:Cellulose derivatives are precipitated on the surface of fabrics or other materials by the evaporation of a solution in a mixed solvent, the highest boiling constituent of which is not a solvent for the cellulose derivative.  The low boiling constituent or constituents of the solvent may be solvents or latent solvents, that is, liquids which when mixed with certain other liquids constitute solvents.  When the process is applied to fabrics or films having a basis of a cellulose derivative a surface of relatively low lustre is produced.  The solution may be applied by spraying or brushing.  When the surface to be treated has a basis of a cellulose derivative, the liquid need not contain a cellulose derivative, but may consist of a solvent mixture only.  The precipitated cellulose derivative may be cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, ethyl, methyl or benzyl cellulose or any other ester or ether of cellulose.  The lower boiling solvent or latent solvent may be for example, in the case of cellulose acetate, acetone, methyl or ethyl acetate, chloroform, methylene chloride, ethylene dichloride, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol and benzene.  The higher boiling liquid may be, for example, one of the amyl alcohols or amyl acetates, one of the butyl alcohols or acetates, the mono-ethyl ether of ethylene glycol, the mono-butyl ether of ethylene glycol, xylene, toluene, water, butyl propionate, ethyl propionate, cyclo-hexanol, or any suitable mixture of these.  The solution may also contain plasticizers, resins, natural or artificial, pigments and dyes, and also non-volatile materials such as oils or greases. The clear solution on evaporating leaves a white, clouded or opaque film on the surface treated.  In one example, cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, water, alcohol and amyl acetate; coco nut oil may be added.  In a second example, cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixture of acetone, ethyl alcohol, benzene, water and butyl alcohol or butyl acetate.  Water is added until the solution becomes cloudy by precipitation of the cellulose acetate, and acetone is then added to make the solution clear.  This solution is suitable for spraying fabrics of cellulose acetate yarn to subdue their lustre.  Ethyl or methyl acetate, chloroform or other low boiling solvent may be used in place of acetone.  In a third example, cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixture of methylene chloride, butyl alcohol and water.  The methylene chloride is a non-solvent for cellulose acetate when alone, but forms a solvent mixture when mixed with butyl alcohol.  Upon evaporation of the methylene chloride, the cellulose acetate is precipitated.