Patent GB-1154966-A (GB)
Title: Fuel Composition with a Depressed Pour Point
Inventor: MEIJ PIETER HENDRIKUS VAN DER
IPC: C10L1/22
Filed: 1967-03-15
Abstract: 1,154,966. Distillate fuel. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. 15 March, 1967 [17 March, 1966], No. 12094/67. Heading C5G. The pour point of a wax containing distillate fuel, which contains at least 3% by weight of waxes have a melting point above 35‹ C. and a boiling point above 350‹ C., is depressed by adding one or more polymers which may be considered as having been obtained by the polymerization of mono-olefinically unsaturated compounds consisting at least partly of monoolefinically unsaturated aliphatic compounds having an unbranched saturated hydrocarbon chain of at least 18 carbon atoms (such chains being referred to as long hydrocarbon chains). The polymers are generally added in an amount of 0À001-2À0% by weight and generally have an average molecular weight of 1,000-1,000,000. Suitable polymers have a main chain of carbon atoms which carries at least one long hydrocarbon side chain which is attached to the main chain either directly or indirectly via one or more other atoms such as carbon, oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen and/or phosphorus atoms. The polymers may be prepared directly by polymerizing mono-olefinically unsaturated compounds which at least partly consist of monoolefinically unsaturated aliphatic compounds having long hydrocarbon chains; examples of such compounds are;-vinyl and allyl esters of mono-olefinically saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, alkyl esters of mono-olefinically unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, alkyl amides, dialkyl esters of mono-olefinically unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids, dialkyl amides and imides of mono-olefinically unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, alkylvinyl ethers and mono-olefins, polymerized alone or in admixture with similar compounds not containing long hydrocarbon chains. The polymers may also be prepared by polymerizing mono-olefinically unsaturated compounds which do not have any long hydrocarbon chains and then introducing long chains into the polymer by an after-treatment such as alkylation or acylation, examples of such polymers are:- homopolymers and copolymers of mono-olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids or acid anhydrides thereof and mono-olefins, vinyl esters of mono-olefinically saturated monocarboxylic acids or dialkyl esters of mono-olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids after-treated with aliphatic alcohols or amines having long hydrocarbon chains; polymers and copolymers of monoolefinically unsaturated aliphatic alcohols aftertreated with aliphatic carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid chlorides; homopolymers of mono-olefinically unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes or alkylvinyl ketones and copolymers of anhydrides of mono-olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and mono-olefines or other mono-olefinically unsaturated compounds aftertreated with aliphatic amines. Polar groups may be incorporated in the polymer by adding monomers containing hydroxyl, carboxyl, acid anhydride-, or nitrogen-, containing groups, to the polymerization reaction to give the polymer dispersant properties.