baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2012051952-A1 (WO)
Title: Système et procédé destinés à éviter les interférences de coexistence dans une solution hybride fdm/tdm
Inventor: FU I-KANG
IPC: H04B7/26
Filed: 2011-10-20
Abstract: L'invention concerne une solution hybride FDM/TDM permettant d'éviter les interférences de coexistence à l'intérieur d'un dispositif. Un équipement d'utilisateur comprend un premier émetteur-récepteur radio et un second émetteur-récepteur radio situé au même endroit. L'équipement d'utilisateur détecte des interférences de coexistence entre les deux radios, sur la base d'une mesure du signal radio. L'équipement d'utilisateur émet un indicateur d'interférences IDC vers sa station de base de desserte. L'équipement d'utilisateur fournit également à la station de base des informations IDC comprenant des recommandations pour les configurations FDM et TDM. La station de base reçoit l'indicateur d'interférences IDC et évalue l'hypothèse de déclencher la solution de type FDM afin de réduire les interférences de coexistence. La station de base évalue aussi l'hypothèse de déclencher la solution de type TDM afin de réduire les interférences de coexistence. L'évaluation est fondée sur les configurations FDM et TDM recommandées. La station de base peut déclencher une solution de type FDM, une solution de type TDM ou une solution FDM et TDM, en fonction des résultats de l'évaluation de la faisabilité et de l'efficacité de chaque solution.
Patent WO-2012129942-A1 (WO)
Title: Chiral 3-hydroxypyrid-4-one derivative, and synthesis and use thereof
Inventor: HIDER ROBERT
IPC: A61P39/04
Filed: 2011-12-22
Abstract: Disclosed are a chiral 3-hydroxypyrid-4-one derivative and a salt thereof. The compound is acquired by reacting methyl maltol or ethyl maltol with benzyl chloride to acquire a 3-benzyl protected maltol, then by reacting compound VII with different chiral amino alcohols to acquire 3-benzyloxypyrid-4-one, and finally by performing a palladium on carbon-catalyzed hydride reduction deprotection on compound IX. The compound of the present invention is capable of having iron ion chelating bioactivity, and is applicable in preparing an anti-iron overload medicament. The structure of the compound of the present invention is represented as formula (I).
Patent WO-2013097095-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HOU GUOLIANG
IPC: G06F11/34
Filed: 2011-12-27
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un mode de réalisation d'un procédé de sauvegarde d'informations de démarrage relatives à un dispositif de mémoire. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à : lire automatiquement des informations de démarrage dans un dispositif de mémoire pendant l'amorçage d'un système d'exploitation, les informations de démarrage étant des informations nécessaires pour le démarrage du dispositif de mémoire; et sauvegarder les informations de démarrage dans une mémoire Flash du BIOS. Des informations essentielles, telles que des informations de démarrage relatives à un dispositif de mémoire, sont sauvegardées dans une mémoire Flash du BIOS, ce qui améliore la sécurité des informations essentielles.
Patent WO-2014047749-A1 (WO)
Title: Driving device for a plurality of lighting units based on light emitting diode
Inventor: CHU HUNG-CHI
IPC: H05B37/02
Filed: 2012-09-29
Abstract: The present invention provides a lighting device based on a light emitting diode, comprising a plurality of lighting segments that is based on a light emitting diode and connected with a current controller in series. Each lighting segment based on a light emitting diode comprises at least one lighting unit that is based on a light emitting diode and connected in series. The plurality of lighting segments based on a light emitting diode is also connected in parallel with a plurality of switch controllers, so as to provide a plurality of operation modes under the control of a switching voltage comparison unit to turn on different numbers of light emitting diode lighting segments. Each switch controller is connected in parallel with an opposite light emitting diode lighting segment, and the switching voltage comparison unit generates a transmission signal that passes through and controls the plurality of switch controllers. Each switch controller can also be connected between a positive terminal of the light emitting diode lighting segment and the current controller that are opposite, and the switching voltage comparison unit generates two transmission signals that pass through and control the plurality of switch controllers.
Patent WO-2013053206-A1 (WO)
Title: Quinazoline derivatives as kinases inhibitors and methods of use thereof
Inventor: ZHANG DAWEI
IPC: A61K31/517
Filed: 2012-10-12
Abstract: Disclosed are quinazolines of formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and hydrates thereof. The compounds have protein kinases inhibitory activities and are expected to be useful for the treatment of protein kinases mediated diseases and conditions.
Patent WO-2013104105-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种电子产品底座
Inventor: MAO YALI
IPC: F16M11/40
Filed: 2012-01-09
Abstract: 一种电子产品底座，该电子产品底座包括胶体（1）和支撑件（2），所述的支撑件（2）被完全包裹在胶体（1）之内，所述的支撑件（2）为可弯折变形的金属件，通过支撑件（2）的弯折带动其外部包裹的胶体（1）随之变形，使整个电子产品底座成形为可放置电子产品的造型。该电子产品底座使用时，可根据不同的需求而调节适合使用的角度；不使用时，可把底座从S状恢复到板块状，存放时占据空间小，并且需要携带外出时也非常的方便。
Patent WO-2013117014-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHANG LI
IPC: H04W72/04
Filed: 2012-02-10
Abstract: It is described a method for identifying a subset of a plurality of radio resources of a downlink control channel, wherein the subset of radio resources is temporarily allocated to a downlink shared channel, wherein the downlink control channel is used for sending downlink control information being responsive for controlling a transmission between a user equipment and a base station via a radio transmission channel, wherein the downlink shared channel is used for sending common user data and control signals to the user equipment, wherein a plurality of radio resources of th radio transmission channel is allocated to the downlink control channel, and wherein a subset of the plurality of radio resources of the downlink control channel is temporarily allocated to the downlink shared channel. The method comprises receiving, by the user equipment, information being indicative for the subset of radio resources of the plurality of radio resources of the downlin control channel, which are temporarily allocated to the downlink shared channel, if they are unused by the downlink control channel, wherein the information is provided via at least one of the plurality of radio resources of the downlin control channel, and identifying, by the user equipment, the subset of the plurality of radio resources of the downlink control channel based on the received information, which subset is temporarily allocated to the downlink control channel.
Patent WO-2012163149-A1 (WO)
Title: 同时发送或接收多条图文视频紧急广播消息的方法及系统
Inventor: FANG JIANZHONG
IPC: H04N21/643
Filed: 2012-03-23
Abstract: 本发明公开了一种同时发送或接收多条图文视频紧急广播消息的方法，包括：设置并在每次发送紧急广播消息之前更新Service-Id优先列表；从Service-Id优先列表中选取优先级最高的N个Service-Id，分别封装于N条紧急广播消息中；将与N条紧急广播消息对应的图文视频文件经数据广播系统发送给复用器，将紧急广播消息数据段再封装后发送给复用器；解析N个控制信息复用帧里的紧急广播消息，得到与每条紧急广播消息对应的Service-Id，切换到Service-Id对应的时隙获取图文视频文件。本发明还同时公开了一种系统，运用该方法和系统可在紧急广播系统中实现同时发送和接收多条图文视频紧急广播消息。
Patent WO-2013152474-A1 (WO)
Title: Method for detecting biochemical oxygen demand
Inventor: LIU CHANGYU
IPC: G01N35/00
Filed: 2012-04-10
Abstract: The present invention provides a method for detecting biochemical oxygen demand. Active sludge, surface water, domestic waste water, or industrial waste water comprising microorganism is taken as a water sample with microorganism in the method provided by the present invention. The water sample with microorganism is cultivated to obtain a microorganism film. The blank water sample and the target water sample are made to pass through the microorganism film respectively. The dissolved oxygen reduction current values of the blank water sample and the target water sample are detected. The difference value between the dissolved oxygen reduction current value of the target water sample and that of the blank water sample is obtained. On the basis of the difference value and the predetermined standard curve, the biochemical oxygen demand of the target water sample is acquired. The method provided by the present invention adopts active sludge, surface water, domestic waste water, or industrial waste water comprising microorganism as the water sample with microorganism. The environmental adaptability of the prepared microorganism film is strong, so that one or more of tap water, well water, atmospheric water, or ground water may serve as medium to maintain the physiological activity with no need of providing a buffer solution system.
Patent WO-2013181804-A1 (WO)
Title: 上行接入方法、设备及系统
Inventor: ZHANG XIAOFENG
IPC: H04W28/26
Filed: 2012-06-06
Abstract: 本发明实施例提供一种上行接入方法、设备及系统，该上行接入方法包括：设置预约资源，发送预约资源通知信息给至少一个终端；接收至少一个终端分别通过预约资源发送的预约信号；根据预约信号分别向至少一个终端发送上行接入资源分配消息，以使至少一个终端通过接入资源分配消息对应的上行接入资源进行上行接入。本发明实施例提供的上行接入方法、设备及系统，头端设备首先分配预约资源，当接收到终端发送的预约信号后，才为终端分配上行接入资源，避免了一直保持较多的上行接入资源用于上行检测所造成的不必要的资源浪费。
Patent WO-2013185276-A1 (WO)
Title: 微波mimo系统中接收信号的均衡方法和均衡器
Inventor: LV RUI
IPC: H04B7/08
Filed: 2012-06-11
Abstract: 本发明提供一种微波MIMO系统中接收信号的均衡方法和均衡器。对n个接收信号进行纵向空域滤波和内部子信号叠加，获得对应当前待解码的接收信号的初级判决信号；根据对应其它n-1个接收信号的n-1个初级判决信号产生n-1个ICI信号；从n个接收信号中消除n-1个ICI信号后进行纵向空域滤波和内部子信号时叠加，获得最终判决信号。采用本发明提供的均衡方法和均衡器，能够提高ICI的消除效果。
Patent WO-2013097448-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种多层水封装置
Inventor: WEI FURU
IPC: E03C1/294
Filed: 2012-07-16
Abstract: 一种多层水封装置，包括与下水管连接的水封盒（1）、至少两层水封和至少一个弹缩装置（31；32；33）；水封盒（1）上设有至少一层环槽（11），至少一层环槽（11）环绕于下水管外部，至少一层环槽（11）分内外设置，外层环槽（112）高于内层环槽（111），每层水封对应放置于与其位置对应的一层环槽上；至少两层水封包括至少一层钟罩式水封（2），至少两层水封之间密封连接；弹缩装置（31；32；33）用于支撑至少一层钟罩式水封（2）中的最外层水封；至少一层钟罩式水封（2）与水封盒（1）之间设有进水口（4），至少一层钟罩式水封（2）中的最内层水封与下水管之间设有出水口。该多层水封装置能节约用水并有效防止虹吸现象的发生。
Patent WO-2013086886-A1 (WO)
Title: Motor vehicle, control system of motor vehicle rear part and vehicle speed control method
Inventor: ZHAN CHUNXIN
IPC: B60K31/00
Filed: 2012-09-27
Abstract: Disclosed are a control system of a motor vehicle rear part (10), a motor vehicle having the control system, and the vehicle speed control method of the rear part (10) for the control system. The motor vehicle comprises a front part (11) and a rear part (10). The control system of the rear part (10) of the motor vehicle comprises a controller (13) and a power device (12), and the controller (13) is respectively connected to the front part (11) and the rear part (10) so as to obtain a vehicle speed signal of the front part (11), and create a control signal according to the vehicle speed signal of the front part (11). The power device (12) is used for driving the rear part (10), and the power device (12) is connected to the controller (13) so as to control the vehicle speed of the rear part (10) according to the control signal. The control system and the control method are able to control the vehicle speed of the rear part (10) according to the vehicle speed signal of the front part (11) and the present status information of the rear part (10), such that the operating reliability, safety and driving performance of the whole vehicle are improved.
Patent WO-2014067140-A1 (WO)
Title: Information transmission method, user equipment and base station
Inventor: LI BO
IPC: H04W72/04
Filed: 2012-11-02
Abstract: Provided is an information transmission method, comprising: a user equipment determining a first subframe; configuring the UE to send a first uplink signal in the first subframe; the UE judging that the first uplink signal is a first-type uplink signal; the first-type uplink signal occupying a first part of the symbols of the first subframe, the number of symbols contained in the first part of the symbols being less than the number of symbols contained in the first subframe; the UE detecting a downlink control channel on a second part of the symbols in the first subframe, the first part of the symbols and the second part of the symbols not being overlapped in time; and if the UE is configured to send the first uplink signal on the first part of the symbols in the first subframe, the UE detecting a physical downlink control channel on the second part of the symbols in the first subframe, the first part of the symbols and the second part of the symbols not being overlapped in time.
Patent WO-2014082210-A1 (WO)
Title: Lock for suitcase/bag
Inventor: CHEN XI
IPC: E05B65/52
Filed: 2012-11-27
Abstract: Disclosed is a lock for a suitcase/bag, the lock comprising a lock tongue (4, 4') and a lock body, wherein the lock tongue (4, 4') is fixed to one side of the suitcase or bag; the lock body comprises a fixed portion (3, 3') and rotatable portions (1, 1', 2, 2'), the fixed portion (3, 3') being fixed to the other side of the suitcase or bag, the rotatable portions (1, 1', 2, 2') being pivotably connected to the fixed portion (3, 3'). The rotatable portions (1, 1', 2, 2') are provided with an opening (22, 22'), and a sliding groove (23, 23') is provided within the opening (22, 22'). When the rotatable portions (1, 1', 2, 2') rotate, the lock tongue (4, 4') can slide in the sliding groove (23, 23'), such that the lock is locked or unlocked. Furthermore, the lock can be provided with a lock cylinder (7, 7').
Patent WO-2014089766-A1 (WO)
Title: A concentrated metalworking fluid and metalworking process
Inventor: MA JIANGBO
IPC: C10M173/02
Filed: 2012-12-12
Abstract: A concentrated metalworking fluid comprising from 60 to 90 percent by weight base oil selected from the group consisting of water soluble polyalkylene glycols, methoxypolyethylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, and combinations of two or more thereof; from 5 to 20 percent by weight glycol ether; from 0.01 to 5 percent by weight oil soluble polyalkylene glycol; and from 0.2 to 6 percent by weight one or more additives selected from the group consisting of anti-weld agents, corrosion inhibitors, extreme pressure additives, buffers, biocides, lubricity additives, and combinations of two or more thereof is provided. Further provided is a metalworking process.
Patent WO-2014190454-A1 (WO)
Title: 低压自清洗连续过滤器
Inventor: YAN XIANGDONG
IPC: B01D33/15
Filed: 2013-06-21
Abstract: 一种低压自清洗连续过滤器，包括内腔为圆筒状的壳体（10），壳体（10）上设有进水口（11）和出水口（12），进水口（11）与出水口（12）之间的壳体（10）内腔设有第一滤网（20），第一滤网（20）将壳体（10）内腔分隔成进水腔（3）和出水腔（5），且第一滤网（20）为一可旋转体并由驱动装置驱动，在进水腔（3）内设有进水腔隔板（31），进水腔隔板（31）在进水腔（3）内隔出一水流速度相对静止的进水静水腔（32），并且进水腔隔板（31）的边缘与壳体（10）之间保留微小间隙，进水腔隔板（31）靠近第一滤网（20）的一侧设有第一刷体（81），第一刷体（81）紧贴于第一滤网（20）的表面，进水静水腔（32）内的壳体（10）上设有进水腔排杂口（33），进水腔排杂口（33）与第一集杂罐（34）连通，第一集杂罐（34）上设有第一排污口（35）。
Patent WO-2014040401-A1 (WO)
Title: Suspension of particles comprising cyclopropene complexes dispersed in a resin matrix
Inventor: ZHANG SHILING
IPC: C08K5/01
Filed: 2013-02-05
Abstract: Compositions for delivering an active ingredient include particles comprising an active ingredient (for example, 1-MCP complex powder) imbedded in a resin matrix, the particles being suspended in an oil medium. Methods for preparing such compositions include blending an active ingredient with a resin at a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin to provide a blend; dispersing the blend into an oil medium at a temperature higher than the melting point of the resin to provide a dispersion comprising dispersed particles in the oil medium; and consolidating the dispersed particles to provide consolidated particles comprising a solid matrix of the resin impregnated with the active ingredient. Methods of using such compositions include mixing the compositions with an aqueous medium to provide an emulsion or slurry and either contacting plants or plant parts with the emulsion or placing the emulsion near plants or plant parts.
Patent WO-2013143496-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHAO LINA
IPC: H04L12/861
Filed: 2013-03-29
Abstract: Disclosed are a service scheduling method and system, capable of slicing different services and encapsulating the slices in a uniform signal format; cross-scheduling the slices encapsulated in the uniform signal format, and conducting service reorganization on the cross-scheduled slices. The service scheduling technology of the present invention can uniformly encapsulate different services via a uniform slicing mechanism, thus achieving uniform cross-service scheduling in different transmission networks, and having high integration level and wider service application scope, and furthermore increasing network configuration flexibility, saving the operation costs of service replacement, and improving product competitiveness.
Patent WO-2014127571-A1 (WO)
Title: Liquid crystal display method and device
Inventor: SUN ZHIHUA
IPC: G09G3/36
Filed: 2013-04-16
Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal display method and device. After acquiring interlaced scanning image data, according to the data in the same location as that of the current frame in the image data in a set number of frames adjacent to the current frame, lines not scanned are compensated, thereby reducing the data difference between the current frame and the lines corresponding to the previous frame and next frame, so as to solve the problem of line image sticking.
Patent WO-2013174302-A1 (WO)
Inventor: DING DING
IPC: H04W4/06
Filed: 2013-05-24
Abstract: 本发明实施例提供了一种广播业务的资源分配方法，资源管理中心及MME，该方法包括：网络侧接收用户设备（UE）发生移动后上报的跟踪区域更新（TAU）请求消息，根据所述TAU请求消息确定所述UE移动前所属的第一多媒体广播多播业务单频网络（MBSFN）和所述UE移动后所属的第二MBSFN不同；所述网络侧根据所述UE订阅的或正在接收的业务分别调整所述第一MBSFN内和所述第二MBSFN内的广播。
Patent WO-2014153837-A1 (WO)
Title: Pixel structure and drive method thereof, display panel, and display device
Inventor: XU YIZHEN
IPC: G02F1/133
Filed: 2013-06-04
Abstract: A pixel structure and a drive method thereof, a display panel, and a display device. The pixel structure comprises: multiple sub-pixels (A1-2) arranged in an array, each sub-pixel (A1-2) being driven by a thin film transistor (A1-1), the sub-pixels (A1-2) in the same line being driven by two grid lines (G) located above and below the line, one data line (S) driving the sub-pixels (A1-2) in two columns at two sides of the data line, and the sub-pixels (A1-2) driven by one data line (S) and located in two adjacent lines forming a pixel unit (A). Also provided is a method for driving the pixel structure. The pixel structure is easily driven and has simple timing.
Patent WO-2014194478-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LUO YI
IPC: B23K37/00
Filed: 2013-06-04
Abstract: L'invention porte sur un appareil de prévention de brouillard pour un objectif d'appareil photographique, lequel appareil comprend une extrémité d'injection d'air (20) disposée à un bord latéral d'un objectif d'appareil photographique (10). L'extrémité d'injection d'air est reliée à une pompe à air par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit (30). De l'air est injecté par l'extrémité d'injection d'air de façon à à éloigner par soufflage un brouillard de soudage, et un rideau d'air est généré sur un plan horizontal de l'objectif d'appareil photographique, et un écran protecteur de l'objectif d'appareil photographique est formé de façon à protéger l'objectif d'appareil photographique en temps réel. L'appareil est de structure simple, il a un faible coût de production, et il est pratique à entretenir.
Patent WO-2013178152-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种终端实现拖曳复制粘贴文本的方法及终端
Inventor: ZHOU FENG
IPC: G06F17/24
Filed: 2013-07-22
Abstract: 提供了一种实现拖曳复制粘贴文本的方法。该方法包括：当选取的文件被拖曳到终端内的一个目标应用上时，检测所述文件的类型是否满足所述目标应用的类型要求（S101）；当满足时，启动所述目标应用并进入所述目标应用的编辑界面（S103），将所述文件中的文本信息复制到所述编辑界面的输入框内（S104）。还提供了一种终端。所述方法和终端能够简化用户的操作和丰富用户操作的内容，从而提高用户的体验度。
Patent WO-2015013917-A1 (WO)
Title: Amortisseur de suspension hydraulique
Inventor: SLUSARCZYK PAWEL
IPC: F16F9/06
Filed: 2013-07-31
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un amortisseur hydraulique (3), en particulier un amortisseur de suspension de véhicule motorisé, comprenant : un tube (4) ; un ensemble piston (5) agencé de manière coulissante à l'intérieur du tube (4) et fixé à une tige (6) de piston amenée à l'extérieur du tube (4) à travers un guide-tige (7) de piston scellé situé à l'extrémité du tube (4) ; un ensemble soupape supplémentaire (13), une chambre de compression (9) remplie de liquide de travail étant définie entre ledit ensemble piston (5) et ledit ensemble soupape supplémentaire (13) ; une partition coulissante (10), une chambre de compensation supplémentaire (14) remplie de liquide de travail étant définie entre ledit ensemble soupape supplémentaire (13) et un côté de ladite partition coulissante (10) ; une chambre (11) à gaz remplie de gaz sous pression et définie de l'autre côté de ladite partition coulissante (10) ; un ensemble chambre supplémentaire (15), une extrémité dudit ensemble chambre supplémentaire (15) étant fixée à ladite chambre (5) de piston coulissante ou à ladite tige (6) de piston du côté de compression correspondant et l'autre extrémité dudit ensemble chambre supplémentaire (15) se terminant avec ledit ensemble soupape supplémentaire (13).
Patent WO-2015027480-A1 (WO)
Inventor: QUAN QI
IPC: H04L29/06
Filed: 2013-08-30
Abstract: La présente invention porte sur un procédé permettant à de multiples terminaux de lire un fichier multimédia de manière coopérative, et sur un appareil et un système associés. Un système de lecture coopérative multi-terminaux comprend un lecteur coopératif maître, un dispositif de gestion de groupe de lecture et un lecteur coopératif esclave. Le dispositif de gestion de groupe de lecture attribue un identificateur de lecture coopérative et des informations de position de lecture sur la base d'une requête de lecture coopérative envoyée par le lecteur coopératif maître, et attribue les informations de position de lecture sur la base d'une requête de réunion à la lecture coopérative envoyée par un lecteur coopératif esclave ; le lecteur coopératif maître envoie des informations de fichier multimédia au dispositif de gestion de groupe de lecture ; le lecteur coopératif esclave obtient les informations de fichier multimédia auprès du dispositif de gestion de groupe de lecture ; le lecteur coopératif maître envoie une instruction de lecture au lecteur coopératif esclave ; à un instant de démarrage de lecture coopérative, le lecteur coopératif maître et le lecteur coopératif esclave lisent un fichier multimédia correspondant aux informations de fichier multimédia à des positions de lecture respectives attribuées par le dispositif de gestion de groupe de lecture.
Patent WO-2014044165-A1 (WO)
Title: Method for safely running third-party code in java virtual machine
Inventor: SUN JIPING
IPC: G06F21/51
Filed: 2013-09-17
Abstract: Disclosed is a method for implementing safe running of an uncontrollable third-party code by using a custom class loader technology provided by JVM. By controlling a local module and class capable of being used in the third-party code, the access of the third-party code to the external resource can be effectively restricted, and moreover, multiple third-party codes running at the same time can be separated. The present invention also provides a method for transparently accessing the local resource in a controllable manner in the third-party code.
Patent WO-2014205957-A1 (WO)
Title: 显示装置的显示方法及显示装置
Inventor: LAI CHUN CHE
IPC: H04N7/18
Filed: 2013-10-12
Abstract: 在此公开了一种显示装置的显示方法和一种实现前述显示方法的显示装置。所述方法包括：显示装置确定输入至所述显示装置的显示信号的扫描频率低于设定阈值时，对所述显示信号进行倍频转换，并输出经倍频转换的显示信号。利用本发明的技术方案，能提升显示装置的显示输出效果，从而提升了用户体验。
Patent WO-2014086318-A1 (WO)
Title: Beam forming antenna array
Inventor: HAZIZA DEDI D
IPC: H01Q3/00
Filed: 2013-12-09
Abstract: A wireless access point device comprising a microcontroller unit, a transceiver coupled to the microcontroller unit, and a beam forming antenna coupled to the transceiver, wherein the beam forming antenna comprises a reflector, a switch, and two or more antenna elements substantially adjacent to the reflector and each coupled to the switch. Included is a beam forming method comprising identifying one or more target users, determining an antenna configuration, activating one or more antenna elements each comprising a reflector, thereby focusing an antenna radio frequency pattern towards the target users, and communicating with the target users, thereby transmitting data to the target users or receiving data from the target users.