Patent GB-190811728-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Turbines.
Inventor: SCHRATZ ALOIS
Filed: 1908-05-29
Granted: 1908-12-31
Abstract: 11,728. Schratz, A., and Wamoscher, L. May 29. Gas turbines. - Relates to improvements in driving-gear and working-fluid supply arrangements in turbines of the screw-motor type. The spiral grooves on the rotor 5 increase in width and depth in a downward direction and may be formed by plates inserted into the rotor. A ring 15 surrounds the lower end, and a plate 13 closes the rotor drum. Power is transmitted from the shaft 7 to shafts 12 by worm gearing 10, 11 running in an oil bath. Fig. 4 shows a modification in which the wheels 11 are provided with rollers 60 mounted on radial pins, the part 10 being tapered to engage with them. The upper end of the shaft 7 has let into it a bush 23 for the reception of a gudgeon 24, Fig. 1. The pin 24 is pierced for lubricant, and is axially adjustable in position by a nut-wheel 26 adapted to be rotated by a worm 27. The lower end of the shaft 7 is formed into a piston 40 working in a cylinder 41 containing oil. The oil-pressure is transmitted through a pipe 42 to a cylinder 38, in which works a piston 37 connected to a pivoted link 34. Steam admitted by a pipe 39 is delivered to the motor through nozzles 21 controlled by needle valves 31. Normally the nozzles are kept open by springs 30. Should the speed however increase, the resistance offered to the worm 10 by the wheels 11 diminishes, and the shaft 7 descends, thus causing the piston 37 to ascend, and close the nozzle openings, through a line 34, a sleeve plate 32, and pins 31. The turbine casing is built up in sections as shown. Condensation of the steam is effected in the lower section 3 by water introduced by pipe 16. A pipe 17 leads water to the stuffing-box for the water-seal. The modification shown in Fig. 4 is specially adapted for working with mixed driving - fluids. Steam enters at 50 and passes through perforated injectors 56 to the supply nozzles 19. An explosion chamber 52 is arranged beneath the steam chamber 49. A pipe 51, provided with a non-return valve and coiled in the chamber 49, supplies heated air, and a pipe 53, 54 coiled in both chambers 49, 52 acts as vaporizer for the oil required for combustion. The mixture is ignited in a suitable manner. The products pass through the perforations in the injector and the mixed steam and gases are delivered to the nozzles 19. Water is drawn by injector action from the third supply chamber 55, and the mixed fluids actuate the turbine. Condensing-water is introduced at the base as before, and part of the water is pumped up to the chamber 55, the remainder going to a cooler. -The engine can be worked with steam alone or gas alone, or with steam and water, unnecessary chambers being dispensed with. When gas alone is used, a compressor and valves are provided. The end 9 of the shaft rests on a piston 62, beneath .which oil is pumped to take the load off the ball bearing 64 of the worm. A hole in the piston 62 allows oil to pass to the bearing of the shaft. The shaft is in two portions 7, 7<1> jointed together by a disk coupling 67, the upper half of which carries three studs 68. A ball 69 interposed between the ends of the shafts keeps the disks apart, and in the space a known kind of flat centrifugal governor is inserted. The governor weights are pivoted on the studs 68 and act by lever transmission on a throttle valve in the steam inlet as soon as a certain speed is attained. For lubricating the stuffing-box 8, oil is admitted by a pipe 58, and circulates in spiral grooves. It then passes by a pipe 59 to the worm-gear oil-bath. The casing parts are supported on standards 2.