baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20150022287-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM SE HUN
IPC: C09K11/06
Filed: 2013-08-22
Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic light emitting device having high efficiency and long life. Disclosed is an organic light emitting device. Disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is an organic light emitting device including a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including a light emitting layer, wherein the light emitting layer includes one or more kind selected among silane-based compound represented by chemical formula 1 and one or more kind selected among anthracene-based compound represented by chemical formula 20.
Patent KR-20150022484-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO DAE KWON
IPC: H03K3/53
Filed: 2013-08-23
Abstract: Disclosed is an electromagnetism-related dielectric heating technique. A control device for generating a high-voltage pulse wave and a method for driving the same according to an embodiment of the present invention can smoothly control dielectric heating in the field of medical devices, particularly in a medical diathermy, a hyperthermia medical device, a dielectric heating device, or a hyperthermia therapy device for cancer treatment and thus expand various functions by generating a high-voltage pulse wave having a uniform effective value using complex pulse modulation according to a switching operation, that is, pulse width modulation (PWM) and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) methods while compensating for a resonant gain value in a driving frequency band (high-frequency band over 100 khz to 3 MHz) despite a low turns ratio using self-resonance that is a parasitic component of a transformer.
Patent KR-20150029996-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK JE BEOM
IPC: H01L33/48
Filed: 2013-09-11
Abstract: The present invention relates to a light emitting diode package. More specifically, provided are a light emitting diode package where a light emitting diode chip is electrically connected to lead frames by using a transparent electrode, and a liquid crystal display device using the same. To achieve this, the light emitting diode package according to the present invention comprises: a first lead frame; a second lead frame; a light emitting diode chip mounted on the first lead frame and the second lead frame; a first transparent electrode applied to a first electrode of the light emitting diode chip and the first lead frame, and electrically connecting the first electrode with the first lead frame; a second transparent electrode applied to a second electrode of the light emitting diode chip and the second lead frame, and electrically connecting the second electrode with the second lead frame; and a mold enclosing the first lead frame, the second lead frame, and the light emitting diode chip, and configured so that light outputted from the light emitting diode chip is progressed in a first direction.
Patent KR-20150032055-A (KR)
Inventor: JEON HYUN JOO
IPC: H04B1/40
Filed: 2013-09-17
Abstract: The present invention relates to a mobile terminal and to a control method thereof. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mobile terminal includes: a microphone which receives a voice; a display unit which performs touch for writing input and outputs the writing input for a part of a voice inputted according to the touch; and controls unit which recognizes the inputted voice if a voice recognition mode is activated, compares voice-recognized content with writing input outputted to the display unit, and controls the display unit to output input recommendation information including the voice-recognized content and the writing input information after a comparison.
Patent KR-20130118844-A (KR)
Title: 네모격자의 거리차를 이용한 이미징 기법
Inventor: KIM SEUNG CHAN
IPC: G06T1/00
Filed: 2013-09-23
Abstract: 프랙탈은 다양한 분야에 활용된다. 특히 미세 계측에 활용되는데 큰 효과를 보고 있다. 
따라서 이러한 프랙탈의 활용가능성은 무궁무진하다. 눈결정의 잎사귀에 프랙탈이 이용되며, 영상분석에도 이러한 디바이스가 이용된다. 다양한 도형과 다각형으로 나누어지는 프랙탈은 그 도형의 크기가 지속적으로 어떤 형태의 규칙과 배열에 따라 작아지면서 그 형태를 구성하는 것이다. 하지만 본 발명은 규칙과 배열에 있어서 이미지 중심, 즉 이미지 의존적이면서 크기가 작아지지 않고, 지속적으로 유지되는 패턴을 포함하는 것을 기초로 하여 고안되었다. 
본 발명을 통해, 
1. 보다 많은 사람들이 용이하게 초보도 이용할 수 있다. 
2. 최대 단순성으로 프로그램의 최적화에 도움이 된다.
Patent KR-20140043027-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding using coding information sharing of color image and depth image
Inventor: OH BYUNG TAE
IPC: H04N13/00
Filed: 2013-09-23
Abstract: Provided are a coding/decoding apparatus using sharing of coding/decoding information of a color image and a method thereof. The coding apparatus is capable of coding a corresponding depth image by sharing coding information of a color image as coding information of the depth image when a block size of the color image and the depth image is different. [Reference numerals] (110) Comparing unit; (120) Sharing unit; (130) Mode determining unit; (140) Coding unit
Patent KR-20140143673-A (KR)
Inventor: JUNG JONG WOO
IPC: G06F3/048
Filed: 2013-09-23
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling a user interface. To this end, the method of controlling a user interface of an electronic device according to the present invention includes: displaying a drawing object formed by trajectories input through a touch screen, and controlling the user interface by applying different functions to a drawing object area and the other remaining areas in the touch screen.
Patent KR-20150034512-A (KR)
IPC: G02B27/01
Filed: 2013-09-26
Abstract: The present invention relates to head-up display apparatus for vehicle using augmented reality, which includes: a distance detection unit which outputs road information by detecting distance between vehicle of a user and the vehicle ahead, a navigation which outputs driving information from location of the vehicle of the user and driving road information, a video control unit which calculates the lateral position of the vehicle ahead according to the road information and driving information, and generates image information corresponding to the vehicle ahead using the lateral position of the same, and also compensate the lateral position based on whether either vehicle of the user or the vehicle ahead enters junction point between curved street and straight street or not.
Patent KR-20150026687-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK JU MI
IPC: F01K23/10
Filed: 2013-10-21
Abstract: The present invention relates to a floating storing gas power plant. According to the present invention, a hollow steel type construction method of the floating storing gas power plant comprises: a cargo system storing a liquefied natural gas into a floating structure, and loading and off-loading the liquefied natural gas; a fuel gas supply system installed in the floating structure in order to supply the vaporized liquefied natural gas of the cargo system as a fuel gas; and a gas turbine/engine power system having a gas power generation unit operated by the fuel gas supplied from the fuel gas supply system, and having a first generator which generates power by the gas power generation unit. A lower portion of the floating structure is fixated on the seafloor by casting concrete into the hollow steel installed in the lower portion of the floating structure.
Patent KR-20150047806-A (KR)
Inventor: SEO IN SHIK
IPC: H04J14/02
Filed: 2013-10-25
Abstract: The present invention provides a method for comprising preamble of Ethernet frame for a hybrid passive optical network and a method for reading thereof, comprising the steps of: extracting clock data recovery signal from Ethernet medium access control frame; generating a bit string of a hybrid transmit enable signal and arranging the string after a bit string of the clock data recovery signal; generating a bit string of a hybrid transmit mode signal and arranging the string after a bit string of the hybrid transmit enable signal; generating a bit string of the multiplexing physical link information and arranging the string after a bit string of the hybrid transmit mode signal; generating a bit string of a logical link information within the multiplexing physical link and arranging after a bit string of the physical link information.
Patent KR-20150049618-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE JUNG MIN
IPC: H01M10/052
Filed: 2013-10-30
Abstract: The present invention relates to a nonaqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, which comprises a POSS-based compound, ionizable lithium salt, and an organic solvent, and has effects of improving lifespan properties of the battery and stability thereof at high temperatures, and to a lithium secondary battery comprising the same. Accordingly, the nonaqueous electrolyte has effects of improving lifespan properties of a lithium secondary battery and stability thereof at high temperatures, while maintaining a high-rate discharge capacity to an excellent extent by not degrading high-rate charging and discharging properties of the lithium secondary battery.
Patent KR-20150049636-A (KR)
Inventor: HAN EUN YOUNG
IPC: H05H1/24
Filed: 2013-10-30
Abstract: Disclosed are a plasma shielding member capable of preventing contamination or damage of a detecting member for detecting the light of plasma, a structure for detecting plasma, and a plasma reaction apparatus. The plasma shielding member according to the present invention comprises: a body which has a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other and a plurality of through holes which extend from the first surface toward the second surface individually; a narrow portion formed on one side of the through hole; and a wide portion formed on the other side of the through hole.
Patent KR-20150054136-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM YUN HI
IPC: C07C19/07
Filed: 2013-11-11
Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel alkyl halide compound, which is used in polymers and a molecule used in organic semiconductors wherein the organic semiconductors has improved solubility due to introduced novel alkyl group and accordingly enables devices to be easily manufactured with use of solution process like spin coating, die casting and printing by adding various solvents, thereby controlling forms and crystal of films and improving device properties, and a manufacturing method thereof.
Patent KR-20140067901-A (KR)
Title: Vertically integrated stringers
Inventor: JOHN H MOSELAGE LLL
IPC: B64C3/18
Filed: 2013-11-12
Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and methods for reinforcing various components of an aircraft using vertically directed circumferential string girdles. According to embodiments of the present specification, a barrel skin of an aircraft fuselage can be reinforced by the vertically directed circumferential string girdles. According to additional embodiments, wing string girdles of wings can be arranged along with the circumferential string girdles. According to other additional embodiments, the wings can also have one or more wing spars having oval openings. The shape of the oval can be modified for the attachment of the fuselage to arrange the outer surface of an opening close to the inner surface of the fuselage.
Patent KR-20150055510-A (KR)
Inventor: MIN SUNG GI
IPC: H01L31/042
Filed: 2013-11-13
Abstract: The present invention relates to a block for a photovoltaic power generation panel including a sunlight transfer device and, more particularly, to a block for a photovoltaic power generation panel including a sunlight transfer device capable of emitting sunlight to a shadow area hidden by a building by including the separate sunlight transfer device on the photovoltaic power generation panel which is formed on the rooftop of the building. A rotating unit (150) is combined with the upper side of a pillar (195). The photovoltaic power generation panel is rotationally fixed to a fixing plate (140). The sunlight is emitted to the shadow area (160) by including an emitting stand (279) on the lower end of a sunlight refraction guide (276). A photovoltaic power generation device (270) is provided on a transparent substrate (277) to be separated by a separation section (278). The present invention reinforces the efficiency of an inclined sunlight emission.
Patent KR-20140070481-A (KR)
Title: Gas barrier film with protecting coating layer comprising inorganic particle
Inventor: RYU SANG UK
IPC: C08J7/048
Filed: 2013-11-29
Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas blocking film with a protective coating layer including inorganic particles. When the gas blocking film is coated with the protective coating layer to protect a gas blocking layer, inorganic particles are included in the protective coating layer to improve a gas blocking effect.
Patent KR-20150064379-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE IL SUB
IPC: A47G23/04
Filed: 2013-12-03
Abstract: According to the present invention, a heat reserving container has a first internal space formed in a lower end by a double structure of an inner wall and an outer wall, a second internal space formed along an inner wall to an upper portion of the first internal space; and an upper surface connecting the inner wall and the outer wall, which comprises: a water injection unit mounted on the upper surface to inject water to the first internal space; a setting unit setting and displaying a target temperature of the injected water; a heater unit heating the injected water; and a control unit controlling the heater unit for the injected water to be heated at the predetermined target temperature. Therefore, food accommodated in the second internal space can be maintained at a target temperature.
Patent KR-20150070526-A (KR)
Inventor: KANG CHANG SEOG
IPC: B22D21/04
Filed: 2013-12-17
Abstract: A rotor molding apparatus (10) of the present invention comprises a mold assembly (100) having a core (C) of a rotor (R), and having molten metal poured; a vent means (200) controlling by a lever method and venting air inside a mold cavity of the mold assembly (100) before pouring molten metal to the inside of the mold assembly (100); and a pressure part assembly (300) pressing the molten metal filling the mold assembly (100). In the present invention, an advantage of improving molding quality of the rotor is obtained by controlling and venting air inside the mold cavity by a lever method before pouring the molten metal for molding the rotor.
Patent KR-20150072120-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK YOUNG SUN
IPC: A61J3/06
Filed: 2013-12-19
Abstract: A packaging apparatus to count and package a plurality of tablets or capsules comprises: a supply belt to align and transfer a plurality of tablets in a row; a rotor to absorb and move the tablets transferred on the supply belt; a detection unit to sense the tablets absorbed on the outer circumference of the rotor; a control part to receive the sensing result from the detection unit and calculate the position of the absorbed tablets from the sensing result; and an escape unit which is controlled by the control part to make the tablets absorbed by the rotor be escaped by demanding quantities.
Patent KR-20150072145-A (KR)
Inventor: YOO HYEONG GEUN
IPC: A22C17/00
Filed: 2013-12-19
Abstract: The present invention relates to a customized blade meat tenderizer to resolve irregular pattern shapes caused by inserting meat between the blades or treating the meat and accordingly decreasing visual effects, comprising a detachable blade supporting body (10), a detachable blade body (20) and a rotating surface contacted type blade head part (30).
Patent KR-20150073032-A (KR)
Inventor: Kim jin you
IPC: H01L51/52
Filed: 2013-12-20
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an Fe-Cr alloy encapsulant for an OLED with high heat dissipation and/or water resistance, capable of continuously performing a mass-production by a horizontal electroforming method and controlling a thermal expansion coefficient and a surface roughness. According to one embodiment of the present invention, provided is the method for manufacturing the Fe-Cr alloy encapsulant for the OLED which includes the steps of: supplying an electrolyte which includes an Fe precursor and a Cr precursor on a conductive base plate; applying a current to the conductive base plate to function as an anode electrode and a cathode electrode which are separately formed on the conductive base plate to electrodeposit Fe and Cr on the conductive base plate. According to the method of the present invention, the intensity, the stiffness, the corrosion resistance, the durability, the flexibility, the workability, the heat dissipation, and/or the water resistance of the encapsulant are improved. The thermal expansion coefficient is controlled to be similar to the thermal expansion coefficient of other components mounted and/or stacked on the encapsulant in the manufacture process of the OLED. Thus, a crack, a twist, and/or damage are prevented. The encapsulant for the OLED is sustainably produced with high productivity.
Patent KR-20150073390-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK HYUN SUK
IPC: A23G3/00
Filed: 2013-12-23
Abstract: The present invention relates to a pellet for snacks with low salt content with reduced contents of salt and snacks with low salt content comprising the same, which has the same quality with the existing pellet during molding, drying, expanding a pellet and maintains a salty taste using a raw material substituted for salt or the like, by using salt with a smaller amount of sodium salt than an amount of salt of the existing dough used.
Patent KR-20140115237-A (KR)
Inventor: YOSHIKANE TOHRU
IPC: B31B50/80
Filed: 2013-12-24
Abstract: (Object) An efficient and stable ejection state is ensured when gas is ejected to an air bag portion (6) of an air bag-attached sack (1) and then the air bag portion (6) is filled with the gas. (Solution) The air bag-attached sack (1), where slits (9) are formed in both side films (7, 8) of a gas inflow portion (6a) of the air bag portion (6), is used. A pair of nozzles (23, 24) are arranged on both sides of the air bag-attached sack (1) and are advanced and retracted between a stand-by position and an advance position. At the advance position, ejection ports (23a, 24a) come into contact with the gas inflow portion (6a) from both sides, and pressurized gas is ejected to the gas inflow portion (6a) through the slits (9). A small gap (L) is set between the ejection ports (23a, 24a) of the nozzles (23, 24) reaching the advance position. The films (7, 8) of the gas inflow portion (6a) expanding during gas ejection are in close contact with the ejection ports (23a, 24a) to ensure a stable gas ejection state.
Patent KR-20150075195-A (KR)
Inventor: SEO HAN SEOK
IPC: C30B25/14
Filed: 2013-12-24
Abstract: The present invention relates to a SiC substrate having an epitaxial layer formed thereon, wherein the SiC substrate includes: a SiC substrate; and a SiC epitaxial layer formed on the substrate. A thickness of the epitaxial layer is uniform even at a high epitaxial growing speed, and the epitaxial layer with controlled generation of Si droplet is formed on the substrate.
Patent KR-20150076392-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JI HWAN
IPC: H02B1/26
Filed: 2013-12-26
Abstract: In a two-step switchgear, provided is the switchgear including a pressure relief route structure which includes a plurality of top blocking chambers which are transversely combined and installed by interposing a partition on the upper side thereof, a plurality of bottom blocking chambers which are transversely combined and installed by interposing the partition on the lower side thereof by corresponding to the top blocking chambers, a plurality of LV chambers which are installed on the partial region of the upper side of the bottom blocking chamber, and the pressure relief route structure which is formed between the top blocking chamber and the bottom blocking chamber by transversely passing through the switchgear. The pressure relief route structure is combined to discharge gases generated in the bottom blocking chamber through a pressure relief hole formed on the upper side of the top blocking chamber through the pressure relief route structure.
Patent KR-20140048833-A (KR)
Title: Method and apparatus for sensing a fire
Inventor: SEO BURM SUK
IPC: G06T7/20
Filed: 2013-12-27
Abstract: Disclosed are a fire detection method and apparatus for accurately detecting a fire. The fire detection method comprises the steps of obtaining RGB data from an image; calculating at least one index related to the attributes of fire using the obtained RGB data; and determining the occurrence of a fire using the index. [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) No; (CC) Yes; (DD) End; (S700) Check a movement area within a ball color area; (S702) Check a moving object; (S704) Check an RGB average; (S706) Check the distance between the moving object and a saturation; (S708) Check the distance between the moving object and the previous moving object; (S710) Check a zero cross count; (S712) Check the change rate of the area except for zero; (S714) Check the change rate of a value according to periodical check; (S716) Check the average and the change rate of the movement area; (S718) Increase the fire doubt count; (S720) Fire doubt count >= Fire reference value; (S722) Determine a fire
Patent KR-20130091719-A (KR)
Inventor: MARUYAMA HIROMITSU
IPC: C09J7/22
Filed: 2011-10-04
Abstract: 본 발명은, 접착제층이 얇은(10㎛ 이하인, 특히 5㎛ 이하인) 경우에도 센서 인식성이 양호하고, 생산성이나 검사 정밀도가 양호한 웨이퍼 가공용 테이프 및 그의 제조 방법을 제공한다.  웨이퍼 가공용 테이프(10)는 긴 이형 필름(11)과, 접착제층(12(22))과, 점착 필름(13(23a, 23b))을 구비하고 있다.  이형 필름(11)은, 면(11a)에 라벨 형상 접착부(22)의 외주를 따른 환상의 제1 절입부(26)가 형성되어 있다.  이 제1 절입부(26)는 이형 필름(11)과 점착 필름(13(23a))이 적층된 적층부에 있어서, 제1 절입부(26)가 있는 위치에 대응한 적층부(27b)의 600 내지 700nm 파장의 투과율 A(％)와 제1 절입부(26)가 없는 위치에 대응한 적층부(27a)의 600 내지 700nm 파장의 투과율 B(％)의 투과율차 C가 0.1％ 이상이 되도록 형성되어 있다.
Patent KR-20130093075-A (KR)
Inventor: HOEPPEL LUTZ
IPC: H01L33/38
Filed: 2011-05-26
Abstract: 본 발명은 광전자 반도체칩의 제조 방법에 관한 것으로, 상기 방법은 하기 단계들: n-전도층(2)을 제공하는 단계, 상기 n-전도층(2) 위에 p-전도층(4)을 배치하는 단계, 상기 p-전도층(4) 위에 금속층 시퀀스(5)를 배치하는 단계, 상기 p-전도층(4)으로부터 멀리 떨어진 상기 금속층 시퀀스(5) 측면에 마스크(6)를 배치하는 단계, 상기 마스크(6)를 사용하여 상기 금속층 시퀀스(5)를 부분적으로 제거하고 상기 p-전도층(4)을 노출시키는 단계, 그리고 상기 마스크(6)를 사용하여 상기 p-전도층(4)의 노출된 영역들(4a)을 상기 n-전도층(2)에 이르기까지 부분적으로 중성화하거나 제거하는 단계를 포함하며, 이때 상기 금속층 시퀀스(5)는 적어도 하나의 미러층(51) 및 적어도 하나의 장벽층(52)을 포함하며, 상기 금속층 시퀀스(5)의 미러층(52)은 상기 p-전도층(4)을 향해 있다.
Patent KR-20130041952-A (KR)
Inventor: VOLLMER RALF
IPC: H05B44/00
Filed: 2011-06-28
Abstract: 본 발명은 조명 모듈을 작동시키기 위한 회로 및 방법에 관한 것으로, 상기 조명 모듈은 제1 동작 모드에서 직렬로 연결되는 적어도 두 개의 반도체 엘리먼트들(D1, D2)을 포함한다.  동작 전압(101)의 미리결정된 임계값 아래로 떨어질 때, 제2 동작 모드가 검출되고(102), 그리고 적어도 두 개의 반도체 광 엘리먼트들(D1, D2)이 제2 동작 모드에서 교번적으로 작동된다(102, S1, S2).
Patent KR-20130138194-A (KR)
Inventor: FRITSCH HORST
IPC: F04B43/00
Filed: 2011-08-15
Abstract: 본 발명은 멤브레인(1)에 의해 펌핑챔버(9)와 분리되는 유체 챔버(8)를 가지고, 상기 펌핑챔버(9)는 각각 흡입연결부 및 압력연결부와 연결되고, 맥동하는 작동 유체 압력이 작동유체로 채워지는 유압챔버에 가해질 수 있고, 상기 유압챔버(8)는 누출 보상 밸브(6)를 통해 작동유체 리저버(15)에 연결되고, 상기 누출 보상 밸브(6)는 압력 요소의 도움으로 닫힘 위치에 고정되고 밸브 게이트가 닫히는 닫힘 위치와 밸브 게이트가 열리는 열림 위치 사이에서 전후진되는 닫힘 몸체를 포함하고, 상기 압력 요소는  유압챔버(8)의 압력이 설정압력(p L )보다 낮을 때 닫힘몸체(16)가 열림위치의 방향으로 움직이도록 설계되는 멤브레인 펌프에 관한 것이다. 종래 기술의 불리한 점을 극복하거나 저감하는 누출 보상 밸브를 가지는 멤브레인펌프를 제공하기 위해, 본 발명은 0bar로의 압력강하가 발생할 때 닫힘몸체(16)의 질량이 닫힘몸체(16)가 열림 위치 방향으로 기껏해야 0.2mm 만큼 이동하기에 충분히 크게 한 것을 제안한다.
Patent KR-20130052636-A (KR)
Inventor: GERLACH CHRISTIAN GEORG
IPC: H04W52/30
Filed: 2011-08-15
Abstract: 본 발명은, 셀룰러 네트워크(11)의 복수 매크로 셀들(13) 중 적어도 하나를 제어하는 복수의 매크로 기지국들(15)과, 셀룰러 네트워크(11)의 적어도 하나의 피코 셀(19)을 제어하는 적어도 하나의 피코 기지국(21)을 포함하는 셀룰러 통신 네트워크(11)에서 셀간 간섭 조정을 위한 방법으로서, 상기 피코 셀(19)은 적어도 하나의 매크로 셀(13) 내에서 적어도 부분적으로 위치해 있고, 본 방법은 －라디오 전송 자원들(53)의 제1 부분(B 1 )과 제2 부분(B 2 )을 이용하여 라디오 신호를 전송하기 위해, 셀룰러 네트워크(11)의 상기 라디오 전송 자원들(53)의 제1 부분(B 1 )과 상기 라디오 전송 자원들(53)의 제2 부분(B 2 )을, 복수의 매크로 기지국들(15) 각각에 할당(57)하는 단계, 및 －제2 부분(B 2 )을 이용하여 전송되는 라디오 신호의 최대 전송 전력을, 제1 부분(B 1 )을 이용하여 전송되는 라디오 신호의 최대 전송 전력(PE)보다 작은 전송 전력 한도(P red )로 제한하는 단계를 포함한다. 본 방법은 또한, 셀룰러 네트워크(11)의 전체 처리량 및／또는 상기 셀룰러 네트워크(11)의 전송 자원들(53)의 스펙트럼 효율성을 향상시키는 것을 목적으로, 상기 전송 자원들의 제2 부분(B 2 )을 이용하여 라디오 신호를 전송하기 위해, 상기 전송 자원들(53)의 제2 부분(B 2 )을 피코 기지국(21)에 할당(59)하는 단계를 포함한다.