baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1006591-A (GB)
Title: Production of vinyl alcohol polymers
IPC: C08F16/12
Filed: 1963-08-12
Abstract: Vinyl alcohol polymers are prepared by subjecting to acid hydrolysis polymers of tertiary alkyl vinyl ethers, benzyl vinyl ether or ring substituted benzyl vinyl ethers.  Specified ethers are t.-butyl, t.-amyl, triethyl carbinyl, tributyl carbinyl, triamyl carbinyl, benzyl, methylbenzyl, ethylbenzyl, isopropylbenzyl, halobenzyl and introbenzyl vinyl ethers.  The ether polymer may be atactic, or stereospecific when stereospecific polyvinyl alcohol may be obtained. Copolymers, e.g. of ethylene and t.-butyl vinyl ether, and block copolymers, e.g. of methyl vinyl ether and t.-butyl vinyl ether, may be hydrolysed.  Specified acids are hydrochloric, sulphuric, hydrobromic, sulphurous, toluene sulphonic, trichloracetic and acetic acids, and hydrolysis may be effected in the presence of organic solvents, e.g. propanols, butanols, pentanols, hexanols, octanols, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, the methyl and ethyl ethers of such glycols, dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, methyl amyl ketone, hyldrolysis may be effected batchwise or continuously, and the ether polymer may be in the form of a shaped article, e.g. a filament.  Examples describe the preparation of polyvinyl alcohol by hydrolysis with aqueous hydrochloric acid of (9) and (11) poly t.-butyl vinyl ether in the presence of isobutanol, (10) poly t.-butyl vinyl ether in the presence of methyl ethyl ketone, and (12) and (13) stereospecific poly t.-butyl vinyl ether in the presence of chloroform and isobutanol. Other examples describe the preparation of polyvinyl ethers by polymerizing t.-butyl vinyl ether in hexane and methylene chloride in the presence of (5) ethyl aluminium difluoride, (6) boron trifluoride etherate, (7) stannic chloride and (8) an equimolecular mixture of aluminium difluoride chloride and aluminium fluoride dichloride.ALSO:Tert. butyl vinyl ether is prepared by the alcoholysis of (1) 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether or (2) 2-butoxyethyl vinyl ether with tert. butyl alcohol in the presence of mercuric acetate as catalyst.  Ethyl aluminium difluoride is prepared by reacting ethyl aluminium dichloride with ethylidene fluoride in a solvent medium comprising methylene chloride and hexane.ALSO:A mixture of aluminium chlorodifluoride and aluminium dichlorofluoride is prepared by reacting anhydrous aluminium trichloride with boron trifluoride in ethyl chloride, and distilling off the boron trichloride formed and solvent under reduced pressure.  The mixture is a catalyst for the polymerization of vinyl ethers.
Patent GB-300204-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for regulating furnaces working with different fuels
IPC: F23D14/60
Filed: 1928-11-01
Abstract: 300,204. L÷bbecke, C. Nov. 1, 1928. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Nov. 9, 1928]. Multiple - indication apparatus. - Apparatus for indicating the total quantity of air necessary for furnaces burning a number of fuels of different calorific values, such as coke oven gas and blast furnace gas, comprises a gas meter A measuring the volume of flow of one gas, the pointer D of which is connected, by cords Z<1>, Z<2> passing over a differential pulley R and tensioned by weights G<1>, G<2>, to a sliding scale C against which reads the pointer E of a gas meter B measuring the volume of flow of the other gas. The graduations of the scale C represent. airvolumes necessary for the gas B and the radii of the pulleys R<1>, R<2> are in the ratio of the calorific values of the fuels so that the reading of the pointer E against the scale C give the total volume of air required. A<1>, A<11> and B<1>, B<11> are scales of volume and calorific value or air necessary for the individual gases. In a modification one gas meter measures the total volume of gas passing and the other meter measures the volume of one gas, the sliding scale C being then graduated according to the difference between the calorific values of the fuels. The sliding scale C and the pointer E may be made to move a further pointer against a fixed scale showing the total air volume necessary.
Patent GB-213208-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pince-nez and the like
IPC: G02C5/06
Filed: 1923-12-20
Abstract: 213,208. Barnes, E. Dec. 20, 1923. Eye-glasses and the like are provided with a bridge consisting of two spring members 1, 2, one of which is coiled round the other near each end, the end portions 6, 12 of both spring members being secured to or bearing upon the lenses or frames. The spring members 1, 2 may be made of round wire or of greater width than thickness and disposed at right angles, Fig. 4, to stiffen the bridge. At each end of the spring member 1, the other member 2 is coiled round a portion of the member 1, which projects out from the plane of the lens. The ends 6, 12 of the members 1, 2 respectively are carried down in contact with the lenses 5, the ends 6 of the member 1 being coiled round the pin 7 and passing upwards and through a hole 8, being doubled back on itself and bent to provide a placquet bearing 9. The other spring member 2 after being coiled round the member 1 is carried down so as to bear against the projection 11 formed by the portion of the first member 1 which passes through the hole 8 and then bent and coiled round the pin 7. In a modification the extensions 6, 12 are disposed one on each side of the lens and pass over a pin inserted in the lens and thence downwards until they are bent upwards to form supports for the placquets. In this construction a frame loop passes round the upper and lower parts of the extensions 6, 12 to maintain them against the pin through the lens,
Patent GB-1380356-A (GB)
Title: Joining metals
IPC: B21D39/04
Filed: 1972-07-07
Abstract: 1380356 Jointing by stamping CLARKE CHAPMAN Ltd 4 April 1973 [7 July 1972] 31936/72 Heading B3Q A hollow cylindrical member is locally deformed into a recess in another cylindrical member to join the members by local application of hydrostatic pressure. An inner member may be deformed outwardly or, as shown, an outer zirconium tube 10, Fig. 1, may be deformed inwardly into an annular recess 14 in a stainless steel fitting 12 which is subsequently welded at 60 to a tube 16 and forms part of emergency shut-down equipment for a nuclear power plant. A retaining coil 50 is spot-welded about the joint. An hydraulic cylinder (20), Fig. 2 (not shown), is fitted over the end of the tube with the assistance of a tapered guide (Fig. 3). The fitting 12 is now inserted in the pipe and may be supported on a mandrel 28 which is drawn into the fitting by a collar 29 on a shaft 31 drawn endwise by a nut 34 which bears on a tubular extension 32 of the mandrel. Hydraulic fluid admitted to the cylinder contracts the tube 10. After loosening the nut 34 the mandrel may be released by rotation of a jacking sleeve 40. A further fitting may be attached to the other end of the tube 10 and if a supporting mandrel is used this should have a collapsible collar 29.
Patent GB-485926-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to high-speed electric circuit-closing mechanism
IPC: H01H9/54
Filed: 1936-11-23
Abstract: 485,926. Protective cut-out arrangements. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Nov. 23, 1936, No. 32030. Convention date, Nov. 25, 1935. [Class 38 (v)] In a method of effecting high-speed circuitclosing operations by means of controlled gas or vapour discharge paths, the closing operation is first effected by controlling the discharge paths to permit a flow of current, and the operation is completed by automatically closing associated mechanical switches connected in the circuit, whereupon the current supply in the discharge path is interrupted. The invention is particularly applicable for switching in a compensating choke 2 for the protection of a high-voltage lead 1, to prevent disturbances on sudden unloading of the lead. The choke is adapted to be connected to the lead through a mechanical switch 4 and a vapour discharge device 5 or grid-controlled valves in parallel. In the arrangement shown, the discharge device 5 with auxiliary ignition electrode 51 is connected in series with a resistance 3, which is in shunt with the exciting winding of a relay 6 which, when current flows through the valve, closes the circuit of the closing coil 41 of the switch 4. The auxiliary electrode 51 is controlled from a device 7 in dependence on an auxiliary discharge path 8, the control grid of which is controlled automatically by means of a relay 9 in dependence on an electrical condition, e.g. power factor, of the circuit 1. Between the device 7 and the electrode 51 a relay 11 is provided, which is opened, when the switch 4 closes, by means of auxiliary contacts 42 on the latter. A time relay may be provided between the relay 6 and the coil 41 so that for short-period disturbances the choke 2 may be switched in via the valves, without closing the switch 4. In case it is desired to effect the rapid connection of the choke 2 manually, the relay 9 may be replaced by a push-button control. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 was not limited to circuit-closing operations, and described an arrangement, Fig. 3 (Cancelled), for the protection of switches 72 ... 74 at a distance from a sub-station 60 against strong short-circuit currents. In the event of a short-circuit at the position X<1> or X<11> at the end of the lead 10, disconnection is effected through the main switch 71 at the sub-station. The valve 70, which functions in dependence on the short-circuit current, connects the beginning of the lead to earth, or connects individual phases together, and thereby relieves the switches 72 ... 74 from the short-circuit and causes the switch 71 to open. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-475306-A (GB)
Title: Improved fastening for wooden blades in the blade sockets of air propellers, more particularly adjustable propellers
IPC: B64C11/04
Filed: 1936-11-23
Abstract: 475,306. Screw propellers. ELLING- HAUSEN, H. Nov. 23, 1936, No. 32043. Convention date, Nov. 23, 1935. [Class 114] The blades of a screw propeller formed of wooden laminations are provided with metal tension members a distributed uniformly over the blade cross section and seated in the glued joints between the laminations. These tension members are anchored at the base in a sleeve surrounding the root of the blade. Each rod is formed with upset collars slightly rounded so that they may be mounted adjacent to discs b inserted in the wooden laminae. The rounded surface permits of a slightly relative tiltable engagement with the discs b.
Patent GB-415365-A (GB)
Title: Obturator for gas or gas mixtures combined with admission for pure air for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M23/03
Filed: 1932-11-14
Abstract: 415,365. Auxiliary air admission. GHEERAERT, P. H. J., 143, Nouvelle CitÚ Jardin et Drancy, and LANTIER, C. F., 28, Rue des PlÔtriÞres, Bobigny, both in Seine, France. Nov. 14, 1932, No. 32122. Void [Abridged as open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, May 15, 1933]. [Class 7 (ii).] Air for braking is admitted to the cylinders by a hit-and-miss valve 18 on the spindle of the mixture throttle valve 3. The valve 18 is opened subsequently to complete closure of the valve 3 which may be the ordinary carburetter throttle valve or an additional valve mounted in a pipe 1 adapted to be sandwiched between the carburetter and the induction pipe.
Patent GB-1002310-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to motor-blower combinations
IPC: F04D17/04
Filed: 1961-09-07
Abstract: 1,002,310. Transverse-flow blowers. FIRTH CLEVELAND Ltd. Sept. 7, 1961 [Sept. 8, 1960], No. 32164/61. Heading F1C. [Also in Division H2] A motor-blower combination comprises a motor having a shaft supported in bearings mounted in opposite end members, the blower being of transverse-flow type comprising a guide means for guiding the air flow, the guide means including at least one guide wall portion extending the length of the impeller and mounted on at least one support member, the latter being at one end of the impeller and providing one of the bearing-mounting end members of the motor, and the adjacent end of the impeller being mounted directly on the motor shaft. Fig. 1 shows a transverse-flow blower comprising walls 3, 4 extending parallel to the impeller 1 and defining an entry opening 5 extending over approximately one-half of the impeller periphery. The walls 3, 4 also define an outlet duct (not shown) on the opposite side of the impeller. The walls 3, 4 are located between cast end members 7, 8, being received in slots 200, Fig. 2. Box-like mounting feet 7a, 8a integral with the end members 7, 8 are provided. The laminations 16 of the driving motor are located between lugs 14, 15 provided on the end member 8, and are clamped between the latter and a bar-shaped member 17 by means of bolts 17a passing through oversize holes in the laminations. Spherical bearings 11, 12 are clamped against the members 8, 17 by sheet metal retainers 11a, 12a. End member 8 carries a switch 25 for the motor and a heating element which may be provided in the outlet duct. In a modification, the lugs 14, 15 are omitted and two or more pairs of holes are provided in the end member 8 at different radial spacing from the blower axis to permit motors of different sizes to be bolted to the end member. In the blower shown in Fig. 6, a sheet metal end member 65 is formed with two projecting portions to locate the motor laminations. The sheet metal retainer 74 for spherical bearing 68 is held in place by the lamination clamping bolts 72, 73. Part-annular recesses 76 receive the motor coils if a circular motor is used in place of the motor shown. In a modification, the bearing support member 75 is replaced by a further end member identical with the end member 65, and a further blower identical with that shown is driven from the other end of the motor shaft. Fig. 9 shows a blower in which the sheet metal end member 105 is pot-shaped to form a motor housing. One bearing 108 is carried by the end member 105 and the other bearing 107 is carried by the sheet metal disc 110 having a peripheral flange located against an annular shoulder 111 formed in the end member 105. Specifications 757,543 and 876,611 are referred to.
Patent GB-473642-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to lead alloys
IPC: C22C11/00
Filed: 1936-08-08
Abstract: Metals are removed from lead alloys by treating the molten alloy with a flux consisting of lead fluoride and lead oxide, which may be in the proportions of a eutectic mixture, with or without lead sulphate. The lead oxide constituent of the flux may be formed in situ by adding to the bath a lead compound such as lead nitrate, or by blowing air into the bath.  In carrying out the process, further lead oxide may be added to the flux when it thickens.  The spent flux may be regenerated for re-use by reducing part of the contained oxides, or, if the reduction is carried out on the surface of a lead bath, the reduced metals enter the molten bath.  The metals removed may include tin, antimony, arsenic, nickel, cadmium, zinc, magnesium, aluminium, alkali metals, and alkaline earth metals.
Patent GB-658208-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of hydrofluoranthene derivatives
IPC: C07C57/50
Filed: 1948-12-13
Abstract: 1 - Alkylene - iminoalkyl - 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 - tetrahydrofluoranthenes are manufactured by treating a 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 - tetrahydrofluoranthyl - (1)-alkane carboxylic acid alkyleneimide with a reducing agent capable of reducing an amido group to an amino group.  Reducing agents specified are lithium aluminium anhydride, or hydrogen in the presence of a non-noble metal catalyst, e.g. copper chromate.  In examples the hydrochloride of 1-(g -piperidino-propyl)-1 : 2 : 3 : 4-tetrahydrofluoranthene is prepared by the hydrogenation if b -[1 : 2 : 3 : 4-tetrahydrofluoranthyl-(1)]-propionic acid piperidide with (1) hydrogen under pressure in presence of copper chromite; (2) lithium-aluminium hydride.  The starting material is obtained by hydrolysing 1 - (b  - cyanethyl) - 1 : 2 : 3 : 4-tetrahydro-fluoranthene with caustic soda in ethylene glycol to yield b -[1 : 2 : 3 : 4-tetrahydrofluoranthyl-(1)]-propionic acid which latter is reacted with piperidine to yield b -[1 : 2 : 3 : 4-tetrahydrofluoranthyl-(1)]-propionic acid piperidide. Specifications 630,704, 648,786, 651,268 and 654,463 are referred to.
Patent GB-924934-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to drive transmission means in a cinematograph projector
IPC: G03B19/18
Filed: 1959-09-22
Abstract: 924,934. Cinematographic projectors. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Sept. 22, 1959 [Sept. 25, 1958], No. 32250/59. Class 97 (1). In a cinematographic projector a motordriven pulley 1 rotates a shaft 2 which carries a disc 3 with a pin 4 driving a Maltese cross 6 on a shaft 5 carrying an intermittent feed sprocket. The shaft 2 has a gear 7 in mesh with a gear 8, having oblique teeth meshing with teeth 12 on a shaft 11 for driving the shutter for periodically interrupting the light beam. The gear 8 is rigidly mounted on its shaft and is provided between its hub and toothed rim with a resilient portion such that an axial force of 30 kgs. will produce a deflection of at least 1 mm. In this way, any axial forces produced by the intermittent feed mechanism are absorbed. Preferably, the gear-wheel 8 is made in one piece from textile reinforced synthetic resin having a modulus of elasticity of less than 500,000 kgs. per square cm.
Patent GB-643041-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of mixed mercaptal acetals
Filed: 1947-12-08
Abstract: Mixed mercaptal-acetals (including mercaptalketols) of dicarbonyl compounds of the general formula <FORM:0643041/IV (b)/1> are manufactured by reacting an a  : b -ethylenically-unsaturated ether or thioether <FORM:0643041/IV (b)/2> with an orthoester QC(XK)3 in the presence of an acid-reacting condensing agent (e.g. boron trifluoride or trichloride, stannic chloride, titanium chloride or sulphuric acid).  In the foregoing formul , R2, R3 and R4 represent hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group, Q represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical (preferably alkyl and especially lower alkyl), the X's represent oxygen or sulphur, at least one (including at least one in the orthoester) being sulphur and at least one oxygen, the K's represent radicals of alcohols, phenols or mercaptans (e.g. aliphatic, aromatic or alicyclic radicals, including oxygen- and sulphur-interrupted aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals) or two of them in the orthoester jointly represent the radical of a polyhydric alcohol, polythiol or mercaptoalcohol, and n is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably 1. The process is particularly applicable to the production of mixed mercaptal-acetals of malondialdehyde from vinyl ethers and orthothioformic esters, but there may also be used other a : b -unsaturated ethers or thioethers (e.g. the ethyl, methyl, n- and iso-propyl, isobutyl, dodecyl, phenyl, benzyl, vinyl, isopropenyl, b -methoxyethyl and b -methylthioethyl ethers of isopropenyl, butenyl and a - and b -phenylvinyl alcohols and mercaptans) and other orthothioesters (e.g. ortho-mono-, di- and trithioesters of acetic, propionic, butyric, benzoic and phenylacetic acids with alcohols, phenols and thiols such as methyl, ethyl and allyl alcohols, the butyl alcohols, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene, propylene and butylene glycols, phenol, the cresols, methyl, ethyl and butyl mercaptans, thiophenol, thiocresols, ethanedithiol and mercaptoethanol).  In examples: (1) ethyl trithioorthoformate is reacted with methyl vinyl ether in the presence of boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex, to produce 1 - methoxy - 1 : 3 : 3 - tri - (ethylthio) - propane, together with reaction products of 2-5 mols of the ether with one of the orthothioester; methyl trithioorthoformate similarly yields the corresponding tri-(methylthio) compound; (2) the ethyl trithioorthoformate in (1) is replaced by 2-ethylthiodioxolane, yielding 2-(21-methoxy-21-ethylthioethyl)-1 : 3-dioxolane.  Acetals of dicarbonyl compounds are obtainable by alcoholysis of the mercaptoacetals, e.g. the first product of (1) above may be converted to malonaldehyde tetramethyl acetal by refluxing with methanol in the presence of p-toluenesulphonic acid.  Pyrazoles and pyrimidines are obtainable by condensing the mixed mercaptal-acetals of maloraldehyde with hydrazine and guanidines respectively.
Patent GB-397719-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric lamps
IPC: H01K1/32
Filed: 1932-11-16
Abstract: 397,719. Electric incandescent lamps. RIVIER, L., Jouxtens - Mezery, near Lausanne, Switzerland. Nov. 16, 1932, No. 32376. Convention date, Nov. 16, 1931. [Class 39 (ii).] In an electric lamp of the type having the source of radiant energy placed in a bulb a portion of which is transparent and another portion forms an ellipsoidal reflector, the bulb having a shape such that the focal point to which the reflected rays are concentrated is situated outside the bulb, the transparent portion projects into the interior of the reflecting portion and forms a cavity on the external surface of the bulb. As shown in the Figure, the filament 7 is placed at one of the foci 4 of the internal reflecting surface 15, 16 which constitutes a fragment of an ellipsoid the reflected rays being concentrated as shown at the other focus 6 which is outside the bulb, the spherical transparent portion 3 projecting into the interior of the reflecting surface. An opaque band 14 may be provided to join the reflecting and transparent surfaces. The concentration of light may be used for heating purposes to replace matches or other lighters. Alternatively, the lamp may be used in anti-glare vehicle headlamps by the utilization of a screen arranged with an edge passing through the focus 6 to intercept all rays on a certain side of the focus. A suitable reflecting surface may, alternatively, be arranged to reflect a maximum proportion of the light and this reflecting surface may be coloured to produce coloration of the light it reflects. Lamps of the type described may be employed for projection purposes. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also arrangements of the bulb in which the transparent portion does not project within the reflecting surface and also arrangements in which the focus at which the reflected rays are concentrated lies within the bulb. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-521119-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metal tubes and tubular articles
IPC: B21C33/00
Filed: 1938-11-08
Abstract: 521,119. Making tubes. WELLMAN SEAVER ROLLING MILL CO., Ltd., and HOWARD, J. R. Nov. 8, 1938, No. 32418. [Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv)] Forging-machines.-A billet is reduced in cross-section by feeding it step-by-step to pressing jaws. The billet may thus be sized to fit the container of a billet piercing apparatus as a step in the manufacture of a tubular article. The press comprises a fixed jaw 1 and a jaw 2 operated by a toggle mechanism comprising links 8, 9 pin-jointed at 12 to a rod 11 operated by an eccentric 14, a crank or a cam, driven by belt and spur wheel gearing from a continuously running electric motor. A flywheel is arranged on one gear shaft. The jaws are fitted with detachable parts 3, 4 of tapered form on their working faces and the billet 24 is fed by gravity through guides 25, 26. An adjustable stop 23 is used as an ejector. The parts 3, 4 may be reversed the billet being fed upwardly. Specification 471,761 is referred to.
Patent GB-1437019-A (GB)
Title: Phenyl pentenals
IPC: A23L27/20
Filed: 1973-07-26
Abstract: 1437019 Flavouring INTERNATIONAL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES Inc 26 July 1973 [25 Aug 1972] 32524/74 Divided out of 1437018 Heading A2B [Also in Division C2] Foodstuffs contain as a flavorant a compound of the formula: wherein one of X and Y is phenyl and the other is hydrogen and A is CHO or where R b  and R' b  are each C 1 -C 4  alkyl or are together C 1 -C 4  alkylene.