baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1506218-A (GB)
Title: Method for the preparation of solid solutions of iron oxides and bivalent metals
IPC: C01G49/02
Filed: 1975-09-04
Abstract: 1506218 Acicular particles AGENCE NATIONALE DE VALORISATION DE LA RECHERCHE 4 Sept 1975 [13 Sept 1974] 36406/75 Addition to 1432808 Headings C1A and C1J Solid solutions of gamma-Fe 2 O 3  substituted with divalent metal ions in the form of acicular particles are made by a modification of the process of Specification 1,432,808 wherein the precipitation of the mixed oxalate of bivalent iron and one or other bivalent metals, e.g. Co, Mg, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Cu, is carried out by mixing a first solution containing chloride and/or sulphate anions with a second solution containing oxalic acid, at least one of these two solutions being prepared in an alcoholic medium and the second solution having a pH less than 2, the solutions being mixed very slowly in order that the constituent particles of the precipitate always form substantially under the same conditions. The precipitate is then decomposed by oxidative pyrolysis, heated in an atmosphere of moist hydrogen and then oxidized as in the method of the parent Specification. Preferably the first solution is an aqueous solution containing chlorides and Mohr's salt wherein the proportion of chloride and sulphate anions are 50-70% and 50-30% respectively and the second solution is an alcoholic solution of oxalic acid, preferably 0À4-0À8 molar. The pH of the aqueous solution is preferably adjusted to 1-2. Before mixing the solutions, a light hydrocarbon, e.g. petroleum is preferably added to the alcoholic solution. Mixing is preferably accomplished by pouring the first solution into the second solution which is kept under agitation. Mixing is preferably carried out at a temperature of less than 0‹ C. and alcohol is preferably added during mixing to prevent congealing. The pH of the oxalic acid solution may be adjusted with sulphuric acid which thereby supplies a part of the sulphate anions necessary for the precipitation reaction.
Patent GB-1443402-A (GB)
Title: Engineered cigarette
IPC: A24D1/00
Filed: 1974-08-20
Abstract: 1443402 Blended tobacco containing cigarettes OLIN CORP 20 Aug 1974 [26 Sept 1976] 36570/74 Heading A2C The smoking charge of cigarettes comprises at least three segments each constituting at least 10% of the length of the cigarette and consisting of a uniform blend of tobacco and a tobacco substitute so distributed that the substitute is present in progressively increasing amounts toward the butt end the segment at the lighted end consisting of pure tobacco if desired. The smoking charge may comprise four segments as shown in Fig. 1 where A B C D contain increasing amounts of tobacco from A to D. A preferred substitute is shredded carbon filled paper made from cellulose fibre. Additionally CaCO 3  may be used as an inert filler and the carbon filled paper may be treated with oxidation catalysts such as alkali metal hydroxides, bicarbonates and carbonates.
Patent GB-1448536-A (GB)
Title: Method for operating a gas laser
IPC: H01S3/036
Filed: 1974-08-20
Abstract: 1448536 Lasers AVCO EVERETT RESEARCH LABORATORY Inc 20 Aug 1974 [4 Sept 1973] 36636/74 Heading H1C To prevent damage by excess differential pressure of the thin diaphragm 30 pervious to an electron stream which separates an accelerator chamber containing a pumping electron source 21 from a sustainer chamber 10 containing a laser gas, the differential pressure is continuously monitored and maintained at below a preselected value during each of the preparation, operation and close down periods when the gas pressures in the chambers are subject to change. As shown the laser gas is circulated in the sustainer chamber through an electron-pumped lasing region by a blower 101 and duct system 102, a portion of the gas being continuously withdrawn and replenished during operation. A suitable gas includes a 3 : 2 : 1 ratio of He, N and CO 2 , other gases being disclosed. Containment of the gas in the pumping region is effected by an aluminium foil diaphragm 30 pervious to electrons. The differential pressure across the diaphragm is detected by apressure cell 32 the electrical or pneumatic output of which is applied to a process controller 34 and a blower start switch 100. In a preparatory period I prior to operation both chambers 10, 20 are evacuated by respective pumps 14, 24, excess differential pressure being avoided by modulated closure of an acceleration chamber valve 22 by the process controller, the accelerator chamber being evacuated at a higher rate than the sustainer chamber. Following evacuation the process controller in period II opens valve 16 to admit laser gas to the sustainer chamber, again under the control of the differential pressure cell 32. When the laser gas reaches an operating value the differential pressure is such that the blower start switch 100 operates. During the operating period III of the laser a portion of the laser gas is removed and replaced by opening valves 12 and 16, the operation of valve 12 being modulated by the process controller whenever the differential pressure limit is approached. Finally, in period IV, the laser is closed down by admitting air or other gas to both chambers to atmospheric pressure. For this purpose valve 27 and a valve 18 or 18a are opened, the limited differential pressure being maintained by modulating the operation of valve 27.
Patent GB-431063-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the heat treatment of carbonaceous material
IPC: C10B55/02
Filed: 1933-12-29
Abstract: 431,063. Carbonizing processes. STEPHENSON, H. P., 14, St. Mary Axe, London. Dec. 29, 1933, Nos. 36647/33 and 11095 /34. [Class 55 (i)] In the low-temperature carbonization of coal to yield a semi-coke and distillates, the powdered coal is mixed with a heavy liquid hydrocarbon such as tar oil, or fuel oil, and a catalyst, and pre-heated under pressure before being caused to pass by hydrostatic pressure through zones of increasing temperature. A pressure of 750 lbs. per sq. in. and a temperature up to 300‹ C., is maintained in the preheater, and 500 to 600‹ C., in the retort. 75 parts of coal to 25 of oil may be used. The coal is fed from a mill 2 to a dust separator 4, and storage chamber 5. The powdered coal, and oil from a tank 9 are mixed in a mixer 8, and pass to a stirring vessel 10 maintained at 100‹ C., from which a pipe leads to an injector 12. The mixture is forced through a coil 16 in a heating chamber 17, and enters the annular space around a heating tube 19 in a cylindrical retort 20. Hot gases from a furnace 26 pass through tube 19 and preheating chamber 17. With continuous operation, the distillates are taken off at the outlet end 25 of the retort, but with intermittent operation, they pass into ascension pipes 29 leading to a main 27 and tar vessel 30. In a modification the material is preheated before it passes from the injector direct to the retort, which is heated externally by a hollow jacket through which the heating gases pass. Specification 324,443, [Class 55 (i)], is referred to.
Patent GB-888545-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fastening devices
Inventor: BUTCHER ERIC JAMES
IPC: H01H23/14
Filed: 1959-10-30
Abstract: 888,545. Switch handles; switch contacts. WARD & GOLDSTONE Ltd. Oct. 30, 1959, No. 36887/59. Class 38 (5). [Also in Groups XXII and XXV]  A switch dolly 5 is secured to the base moulding 3 by a shank 1b which is passed through a hole. 2. in the base with its head 1a engaging shoulders in the hole, and with the shank end protruding above the base to receive a pin 4 which is located in a transverse recess in the base and forms a pivot for the,dolly. The ends of the shank are then bent towards each other to secure the pin 4. A single shank may be used centrally of pin 4 or a shank may be positioned adjacent each end and inserted into a shallow groove in each side of the base. A conducting part, e.g. a fixed contact, may be integral with the head 1a.
Patent GB-643276-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to retorts for sterilizing by heating and subsequent cooling of food in closed receptacles
IPC: A23L3/10
Filed: 1946-12-13
Abstract: 643,276. Sterilizing food. OMSTED, K. Dec. 13, 1946, No. 36899. Convention date, April 24, 1942. [Class 49] In a retort for the sterilization by heating and subsequent cooling of food in closed receptacles in a liquid under pressure, there is provided a source of steam under pressure which communicates by a pipe to supply steam to the space above the liquid in the retort, if desired into a dome on top of the retort, so that a steam cushion of that pressure is maintained on the surface of the liquid in the retort. Steam from a boiler through a pipe 7 and a reduction valve 8 maintains a constant steam pressure on the surface 25 of the liquid in a retort 1; steam for heating the liquid is conveyed through a pipe 10 branched from the pipe 7, and, on termination of the heating, cooling water introduced by a pipe 13 expels the hot liquid by way of a pipe 14 from the retort. Specification 636,471 is referred to.
Patent GB-1038567-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rolling mills
Inventor: WATTERS ALFRED STEPHEN
IPC: B21B37/28
Filed: 1963-09-20
Abstract: 1,038,567. Rolling. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. July 21, 1964 [Sept. 20, 1963], No. 37164/63. Heading B3M. [Also in Division G1] The roll gap at the mid-portion of the rolls of a plate rolling mill is automatically kept constant, while the gap can be tapered from end to end. The upper roll 3 of the mill is adjusted by screwdowns 17 and 19 which are normally coupled by a clutch 31. To taper the roll gap, the clutch is uncoupled, thus locking the output shaft of a motor 27 and allowing the motor 29 to provide the desired adjustment. Automatic roll gap control is discontinued during taper adjustment. The screwdown shafts 17a and 19a are rotated under the control of synchrotransmitters 47, 39, 43 and 53, and signals from differential synchro-transmitters 55 and 57 are compared at 69 with a signal from a programmer 67, any error signal passing to a unit 7 arranged to control the motors 27 and 29 in unison. When setting a desired taper the motor 29 is rotated and the switch 83 set to a fourth position so that the change in central roll gap due to tilting is corrected, the signals from linear pick-offs 75 and 79 being balanced. For normal roll gap adjustment the switch 83 is set to a " run " position.
Patent GB-1084348-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Detectors
IPC: G01V3/08
Filed: 1966-08-19
Abstract: 1,084,348. Electro-physical measurement. TELEMECANIQUE ELECTRIQUE. Aug. 19, 1966 [Aug.20, 1965], No.37290/66. Heading G1N. A proximity detector for metal objects comprises a magnetic reed relay B which is energized by the rectified output of a transistor oscillator T. The losses due to the presence of a metal body adjacent the tuned circuit L2C cause the relay to change over due to the reduction or cessation of oscillations. The inductance L2 forming parts of the frequency-determining circuit, and the feedload inductance L1 may be wound coaxially, resin-encapsulated and mounted in a recess in a disc of ferrite to form a detector head. The relationship between the values of the feedback capacitor C E  and the coupling capacitor C L  is discussed.
Patent GB-1000252-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the mounting of dynamo-electric machines
Inventor: FLOYD GERALD WILLIAM
IPC: H02K5/24
Filed: 1960-10-31
Abstract: 1,000,252. Machinery frames. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. July 28, 1961 [Oct. 31. 1960], No. 37314/60. Heading F2X. [Also in Division H2] A dynamo-electric machine 1, e.g. shaded pole fractional horse power motor is resiliently supported by an assembly which comprises a rigid substantially L-shaped cradle 2 whose limbs are provided with cushion means, e.g. oil resisting rubber which resiliently support respectively a region of an end shield 3 and a region remote from the end shield and from the central axis of the machine so that the end of the machine which is opposite the end shield 3 is not obstructed by the assembly. Thus the end is available to receive a fan 17 or in Fig. 5, not shown, a spigot end shield which may mount adjacent equipment such as a vacuum or water pump. At the region remote from the axis the means is a grommet 8 fixed by a bracket 5 to the cradle 2, and to the end shield screw 10, whilst in Figs. 3, 5, not shown, there are spaced apart in a plane transverse to the central axis two resilient cushions bonded to respective fixing plates and brackets.
Patent GB-1322216-A (GB)
Title: Line supervisory circuit
IPC: H04M3/22
Filed: 1970-08-04
Abstract: 1322216 Automatic exchange systems WESTERN ELECTRIC CO Inc 4 Aug 1970 [5 Aug 1969] 37465/70 Heading H4K A loop detector which is insensitive to longitudinal currents and leakage currents and which presents such a high impedance to line that it may be left permanently connected thereto, comprises a differential amplifier 24 connected between taps on potential dividers 16, 19 that are cross-coupled across the feed resistors 15, 12. A bias resistor 26 ensures that under on-hook conditions the voltage across b<SP>1</SP> a<SP>1</SP> is approximately plus 600 mvolts whereas under off-hook conditions it is minus 610 mvolts, the impedances being chosen and the amplifier adjusted such that 10 mvolts is allowed as a contribution by leakage currents. Lighting etc. surges have no effect on the detector. Resistors 14, 11 serve to increase the input impedance of the detector.
Patent GB-1490490-A (GB)
Title: Device for producing bar diagrams
IPC: G07C5/06
Filed: 1976-09-09
Abstract: 1490490 Tachographs KIENZLE APPARATE GmbH 9 Sept 1976 [19 sept 1975] 37469/76 Heading G1J In a writing mechanism for producing a bar diagram 12 on a moving chart 7, e.g. in a vehicle tachograph, a pencil 1 is rotatably mounted in a support 2 and provided with drive means to rotate the pencil about its own longitudinal axis, the writing point 6 of the pencil having an eccenticity e relative to said axis. The pencil is urged towards the chart by a compression spring 4. In Fig. 2, the pencil 14 is rotated by a drive-shaft 33 acting through a worm 34 and a worm-wheel 36, the shaft being drivingly connected to the odometer drive of the tachograph, or to an electric motor. The rear end of the pencil 14 is tiltable in a fixed bearing 15, while near the writing point, the pencil is supported by a slide 18 selectively positionable by a control knob 28 acting through a linkage 19-27 to enable the pencil to be moved to a selected track according to the duty the driver of a vehicle is performing.
Patent GB-974215-A (GB)
Title: Hand basket
IPC: A45C3/04
Filed: 1963-09-24
Abstract: 974,215. Baskets. S. KURODA. Sept. 24, 1963 [Oct. 8, 1962 (2)], No. 37554/63. Heading A4G. A synthetic resin basket has a solid bottom 1 with vertically extending ribs 5 connected to a top ring 2, and synthetic tapes 6 laterally superimposed and braided around the ribs from top to bottom. Handles 8 are secured by a button 9 screwing into the ring or the ring and a nut 10. The tapes are secured thermally or by adhesive and the bag may be closed by a strap 3.
Patent GB-1067220-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lathes
IPC: B23Q16/00
Filed: 1964-09-15
Abstract: 1,067,220. Lathes. H. ERNAULT-SOMUA. Sept. 15, 1964 [Sept. 25, 1963], No. 37628/64. Headings B3B and B3T. In a lathe a tool-holding angularly indexable turret is movable parallel to the workpiece axis and is adapted to be oscillated, transversely to the axis of the work from each of the index positions to provide a transverse movement of the cutting tools. Means for effecting this transverse oscillatory movement comprises a guide (13), Figs. 1 and 2 (not shown), locatable in grooves (7) of an indexable plate (6), and which is mounted on a vertically displaceable fluid controlled slide table (10). The displacement of the table (10) produces angular displacement of the plate (6), about the axis of the shaft (5), and subsequently the turret (4) to which the tools are attached. The index position of the turret is ensured by the stop (9) by means of a plate (11) attached to the table (10). Oscillation of the turret is produced from the indexed position by the displacement of the slide (10) by fluid means (14), (17). Successive angular positions which the turret must occupy on its shaft (5) are determined precisely by automatic means including a rotatable bar (20) with adjustable stops (22) which co-operate with an end plate (16) attached to the slide table (10). The bar (20) also cooperates through lever (33) with the spool (31) of an hydraulic device (32) which controls the passage of fluid via a throttle valve (41) to the piston and cylinder actuating means (14), (17). The rotation of the bar (20) is, in turn actuated by an hydraulic piston (26) and cylinder (27) in order to bring the stops (22) sequentially into position, the accurate positioning of the stops being effected by limit switches (28), (29), controlling the stroke of the piston (26). The indexing and longitudinal movements of the turret are accurately controlled by fluid means in co-operation with limit switches. The cycle of operation of the turret is controlled by means driven from the lathe spindle (2) and which incorporates a gear system controlled by solenoids and clutches which in turn co-operate with a further hydraulic device associated with the longitudinal movement of the turret. Hydraulic and electrical control circuits are described with reference to Figs. 10-1 and 10-2 (not shown). A gear (68) drives a rotary contactor drum to control the actuator of switches in the circuit which determines the various movements of the lathe parts.
Patent GB-1317769-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing benzoate esters
IPC: C07C69/78
Filed: 1970-08-04
Abstract: 1317769 Preparation of benzoate esters DOW CHEMICAL CO 4 Aug 1970 [4 Aug 1969] 37645/70 Heading C2C A process for the preparation of benzoate esters by the reaction of a benzoic acid or a benzoic acid having no more than three inert substituents, i.e. C 1-10  alkyl, C 1-10  alkoxy and CF 3  with an alcohol which is an alkylene or polyalkylene glycol or an aliphatic monoether of said glycol of up to 10 carbon atoms, a glycol monoaryl ether of up to 14 carbon atoms, a polyol having at least three -OH groups of up to 10 carbon atoms or an alkanol, aralkanol or alkenol of 4 to 20 carbon atoms, at 180‹ to 350‹ C. in the absence of air or oxygen and under conditions minimizing contact of the resulting ester and water comprises utilizing at least 1À1 moles of the acid for each hydroxyl equivalent and carrying out the reaction in the absence of a catalyst. The examples describe the preparation of benzoate esters by the reaction of benzoic acid with glycerol, 2- phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol and dipropylene glycol.
Patent GB-1291903-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a recovery process
IPC: D21C11/06
Filed: 1970-08-04
Abstract: 1291903 Treating black liquor MITSUBISHI JUKOGYO KK 4 Aug 1970 [7 Aug 1969 13 Aug 1969] 37679/70 Heading D2W In a recovery process for cooking agents used to digest wood pulp, e.g. in Kraft paper manufacture, inorganic material is collected in the flue of a recovery furnace, sodium chloride is removed from the inorganic material and the inorganic material is then returned to the furnace. In the recovery process, the black liquor from the digester is concentrated in a cascade evaporator, sodium sulphate is added and the liquor is heated in a furnace to burn off organic material. The molten residue undergoes further treatment, and it is stated that the greatest concentration of sodium chloride impurity is found in inorganic material carried up the flue of the furnace. The material in the form of dust is extracted from the flue by an electrostatic precipitator, and is dissolved in water and electrolysed, using an insoluble anode such as spiral platinum wire, or platinum-coated titanium or lead dioxide. The cathode may be an iron network, and the electrolyte acidified by sulphuric acid. The liquor also includes sodium sulphide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate, sodium sulphite and sodium thiosulphite. The electrolyte may be neutralized by mixing with it material from the economizer of the cascade evaporator, which is alkaline. The electrolyte may be electrolyzed batchwise or continuously.
Patent GB-828668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to metal-containing polyazo dyestuffs
IPC: C09B31/16
Filed: 1957-12-04
Abstract: The invention comprises metal-containing polyazo dyes of formula <FORM:0828668/IV(c)/1> where R1, R2 and R3 are benzene or naphtha lene residues which together contain at least two SO3H groups, R4 is a naphthalene residue which contains at least one water-solubilizing group and contains the O-Me-O and -azo-groups in ortho position to each other, Me is Cu or Ni and A may contain alkyl or alkoxy groups. Preferred are dyes in which R1 is a naphthalene residue containing two SO3H groups and R2 and R3 are benzene residues.  The dyes are made by coupling preferably in alkaline media, a diazo compound of an appropriate aminotrisazo dye with the desired naphthol component and metallizing the product.  Specified metallizable groups in the trisazo component are hydroxy, methoxy and acyloxy groups, compounds with the latter two groups showing greater coupling energy than those containing an OH group.  Preferred coupling components are naphthol and amino-naphthol mono- and di-sulphonic acids and naphthol carboxylic acids.  The aminotrisazo dyes are obtained by conventional methods and the free OH group may be converted to a methyl ether or esterified, e.g. with an alkyl- or aryl-sulphonyl halide.  The dyes dye animal fibres, e.g. wool, silk and leather, in brown to grey shades and also dye natural and regenerated cellulose fibres in similar shades dischargeable by neutral or alkaline discharge pastes. In numerous examples which illustrate the preparation of the dyes, and their use in dyeing processes, R1 is chosen from benzene and naphthalene and some of their mono-di- and tri-sulphonic acids and methyl-, chloro-, nitro- and methoxy-benzenes, R2 and R3 are selected from benzene and naphthalene and their monosulphonic acids and methyl-, ethyl-, chloro- and methoxy-benzenes, R4 is chosen from naphthol mono- and di-sulphonic acids, aliphatic- and aromatic-aryl- and phenyl - amino - naphthol mono - and di-sulphonic acids the phenyl residues of which may contain methyl, chlorine and nitro substituents, naphthol mono carboxylic acids, and hydroxyphenonaphthazine mono- and di-sulphonic acids and substituents chosen for A are methyl, ethyl, methoxy and ethoxy groups.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 644,883.