baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1520127-A (GB)
Title: Sodium perborate monohydrate
IPC: C01B15/12
Filed: 1975-09-16
Abstract: 1520127 Sodium perborate monohydrate PEROXID-CHEMIE GmbH 16 Sept 1975 [19 Sept 1974] 37952/75 Addition to 1449511 Heading C1A Abrasion resistant sodium perborate monohydrate is made by the method of Parent Specification comprising deydrating particles of sodium perborate tetrahydrate with a warm gas inert to perborate wherein the relative humidity is maintained in the range of 40-80% generated in situ by evaporation of the water of crystallization and the exhausting gas is at a temperature of at least 60‹ C. during removal of at least 0À8 moles water of crystallization. In a preferred embodiment, the dehydration is conducted in two stages, a first stage with a residence time of 2-5 hours, relative humidity less than 40%, and exhaust temperatures below 60‹ C. for the removal of 1À1-1À8 moles water of crystallization per mole of tetrahydrate and a second more rapid stage in which the relative humidity is 40-80% and the exhaust air temperature is at least 60‹ C. The drying may be carried out in a fluidized bed, The monohydrate granulate prepared has a specific surface area of 7-9 m<SP>2</SP>/g and abrasion values of less than 5%. The product of the example has an active oxygen content of 15À6, a surface area of 7À8m<SP>2</SP>/g and abrasion of 4%.
Patent GB-368427-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the distillation of coal and other similar carbonaceous substances
IPC: C10B7/06
Filed: 1930-12-17
Abstract: 368,427. Retort furnaces. NISBET, R., 47, Fitzjohn Avenue, Barnet, Hertfordshire. Dec. 17, 1930, Nos. 38115 and 39355. [Classes 51 (ii) and 55 (i).] A retort furnace for carbonization, metallurgical operations, or heating metal articles such as billets or sheets is provided with an endless conveyer which, after pushing the charges into the mouth of the retort, passes outside the retort to the discharging end thereof where it is again brought into contact with the charges and carries them away for disposal. The invention is described in connection with an inclined coking retort a through which coal, supplied by a rotary feeder m<1>, is carried in containers e having pins e<5> for engagement by the conveyer chain k and being formed, as shown in Fig. 5, with a series of narrow deep tapering pockets e<1>. The containers are guided, in their travel through the retort, by channel rails which, to permit expansion and contraction, are formed in sections each fixed to the retort floor at one point only. The furnace is provided with gas-fired combustion chambers c from which the gases pass into a flue b<1> entirely surrounding the retort at the upper end, Fig. 2, but extending around the bottom and sides only in the lower portion. The retort itself is constituted by tubular sections connected by expansion joints a<1> and is connected, by gastight metal end chambers g, h, enclosing the conveyer sprockets j, to a lower tube f which houses both runs of the chain k. The distillation gases are withdrawn through off-takes a<2> which extend at. their lower ends into channel fittings containing lead or other readily fusible metal, this construction ensuring a gastight seal and also providing for relative movement due to temperature changes. Guide rails g<1>, h<1> for the containers e are provided in connection with the sprockets j, while adjacent the end of the return tube f is a nozzle o adapted to spray the inner surfaces of the empty containers with lime-water. The end chamber h is formed as a shoot h<2> which directs the treated material discharged from the containers into a waterjacketed cooling vessel n provided with alternately operated valves n<1>, n<2> and sealed at the lower end by a liquid tank n<3> movable on an inclined track n<4>. To enable any container to be removed from and returned to the circuit, there is provided a chamber p into which a container to be removed is lowered by a platform p<1>, the latter carrying a cover p<2> adapted to co-operate with a liquid trough provided around the opening for the platform p<1> to seal the opening when the platform is lowered.
Patent GB-1118592-A (GB)
Title: Resin coated pigments and process therefor
IPC: C09B67/20
Filed: 1965-09-07
Abstract: A resin-coated pigment which is readily dispersible in film-forming materials is prepared by combining a water-wet press cake of the pigment with a stiff dough-like mass of a thermoplastic resin at 220 DEG  F. at least, mixing the two, and removing the resulting water from the mixture to provide upon cooling a dry, uniform mass of pigment and resin.  The invention is applicable to organic pigments such as phthalocyanines, vat dye pigments (various listed), azo pigments, carbazole dioxazine violet, or red to violet quinacridone pigments or to inorganic pigments such as TiO2 or carbon black, suitable resins preferably having a melting point of at least 100 DEG C. and being in the flake form.  The exemplified resins are a pentaerythritol ester of a maleic anhydride addition product having an acid number of 18-20 and MPt. 125 DEG  C., a pentaerythritol ester of dimerized wood rosin, a non-polar alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon polymer of softening point 100 DEG  C., S.G. 1.06, iodine number 100 and acid number <1, and a maleic acid adduct of rosin with acid number 245-260 and MPt. 135-145 DEG  C., all commercially available under trade names. A solvent for the resin in an amount to soften the latter may be present in the dough-like mass and removed from the final mixture together with the water.  The pigment and resin are mixed at 220-300 DEG  F. for 1-2 hours, the heat generated driving off the water and solvent, if present, azeotropically.  The coated pigment may be incorporated into petroleum distillate oil or dipropylene glycol to give a printing ink.ALSO:Resin-coated TiO2 or carbon black pigments which are readily dispersible in film-forming materials are prepared by combining a water-wet press cake of the pigment with a stiff dough-like mass of a thermoplastic resin at 220 DEG  F. at least, mixing the two, and removing the resulting water from the mixture to provide upon cooling a dry uniform mass of pigment and resin. Preferred resins melt above 100 DEG  C. and are flaked.  A solvent therefor may be present in the dough-like mass to soften the resin; it is removed with the water from the final mixture. Pigment and resin are mixed at 220-300 DEG  F. for 1-2 hours, the heat generated serving to drive off the water and any solvent azeotropically (see Ex. 13 for TiO2).
Patent GB-1398845-A (GB)
Title: Removal of moisture from loose material
IPC: F26B3/34
Filed: 1971-08-14
Abstract: 1398845 Drying by electric fields WIRA 26 July 1972 [14 Aug 1971] 38242/71 Heading F4G Loose fibrous material is dried by a radio frequency electric field (1 MHz-100 MHz) in a compacted state, in order to obtain an even distribution of material across the field and a flow of air or gas through the material is created to remove moisture. The material may be dried in stationary batches or moved continuously. In Fig. 1, material supplied at 4 is compacted by plastics endless belt sections 6a and 16 and conveyed between electrodes 9 and 10. The material is guided by plastics side walls 12, side plates 18 and back plate 11. A fan 15 extracts hot air or gas through perforations (not shown), in the side wall(s) 12. Air or gas may be forced through the material by a blower (not shown). The time the material is between the electrodes 9 and 10 or the voltage applied to the electrodes 9 and 10 or the frequency of the application of voltage may be controlled by moisture content sensing means before or after drying. In other embodiments, the parallel belt sections 7 and 2 are inclined from the horizontal, and the lower belt is made electrically conductive so as to serve as the lower electrode; the electrodes of the Fig. 1 embodiment take the place of the vertical side walls 12; the parallel belt sections move vertically downwards and the electrodes may be as in Fig. 1 or comprise the side plates 18; the belt sections 2 and 7 move vertically downwards and converge. One electrode may be longer than the other. The material may be fed in compacted batches by a piston or plunger device, or the belts 1 and 6 may be driven intermittently. The material may undergo a preliminary drying with hot air.
Patent GB-342080-A (GB)
Title: Screw thread cutting tools
IPC: B23G5/06
Filed: 1929-12-13
Abstract: 342,080. Screwing-dies and taps. DARDELET THREADLOCK CORPORATION, 120, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.- (Assignees of Thomson, R. ; 76, Wakeman Avenue, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.) Dec. 13, 1929, No. 38262. Convention date, May 20. [Class 83 (iii).] A screw-cutting tap or chaser &c. for producing self-locking nuts or screws of the kind described in Specification 242,299, [Class 89 (i), Bolts &c.], has preliminary cutting teeth for producing a thread having crest and root surfaces parallel with the thread axis and the root surfaces materially wider than the crest surfaces, and a finishing portion which operates on the crests only to cause these surfaces to be inclined at a small angle to the thread axis. In a tap, the root surface 13 of the thread helix is formed parallel to the axis of the tap and smaller than the bore 16 of the nut blank 17 so that the crest 16a of the thread in the nut is not touched by the thread-forming teeth of the tap and the space between the surfaces 13 and 16 facilitates the escape of cuttings into the flutes. A V-shaped chipbreaking helical groove 19 is cut in the preliminary teeth 14, being deepest at the entering end of the tap and becoming uniformly shallower towards the other end which contains a few teeth 14a of the full undivided profile. The crests 14b of the teeth 14 are tapered over the portion 12 but are parallel over the portion 11 to produce a root surface 17a in the nut parallel to the nut axis. The full teeth 14a are followed by cutting edges 21, preferably extending in helical formation over a single convolution, which operate on the crest 18 of the nut thread to form this surface at the requisite locking angle with the axis of the nut. The teeth 21 are considerably wider than the thread crest, the first tooth performing substantially all the cutting and the remaining teeth having a burnishing action on the surface 18. Further teeth 14a of the full thread profile follow the teeth 21 to guide the tap when the first teeth 14a leave the nut. The lands of the tap are undercut to give cutting rake to the teeth and the teeth 14 have back relief whereas the teeth 21 have no circumferential relief. The entering end of the tap is bevelled at 15 for centring it in the nut blank and the shank 10 is preferably formed long enough to accommodate several finished nuts. The tap shown is for tapping a nut from the top side A, but for tapping from the bottom side the teeth 21 are inclined in the opposite direction.
Patent GB-816429-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M69/40
Filed: 1957-06-07
Abstract: 816,429. Spray carburetters. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. June 7, 1957 [June 18, 1956], No. 38292/58. Divided out of 816,427. Drawings to Specification. Class 7(3) The subjeat-matter of this Specification is identical with that described in Specifications 816,427, 816,428 and 816,430 but the claims are concerned with an arrangement by which the suction produced by the venturi in the air induction passage and controlling the fuel metering system is reinforced, when the throttle valve is opened slightly from the idling position, by suction produced by the flow of air past the periphery of the throttle valve.
Patent GB-1312462-A (GB)
Title: Fluid flow regulators
IPC: F15B13/06
Filed: 1970-08-12
Abstract: 1312462 Valves ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 12 Aug 1970 [16 Aug 1969] 38819/70 Heading F2V Supply flow entering spigot 3, is divided into a constant value flow feeding valve port 18 and a residual flow feeding valve port 16, the proportioning being effected by a spool 6 which at one end is adapted to engage a seat 11 and at its other end is acted upon by a spring 13. Carried by the spring end of the valve spool is a doublevalve assembly 23. During upward movement of the spool, pressure created within spring chambers 12 and 22 acts upon the face 28<SP>1</SP> of a piston 28 to move the piston downwardly, against the force of a spring 32 and in opposition to the supply flow acting on the piston opposite face, until ports 33 are uncovered. Such movement of the piston places the spring chambers in communication with the valve spool bore 7 hence facilitates lifting of the spool from its seat 11. Upon the residual flow ceasing, rapid return of spool 6 is ensured by virtue of the unseating of a valve member 24 and the consequential uncovering of ports 34, such uncovering again places the spring chambers in communication with the valve spool bore 7. Modifications of the double valve assembly are depicted in Figs. 2 and 3, not shown.
Patent GB-1493850-A (GB)
Title: Gear-operated wrenches
IPC: B23P19/06
Filed: 1975-09-23
Abstract: 1493850 Gear-operated wrenches NATIONAL AERONAUTICS & SPACE ADMINISTRATION 23 Sept 1975 [10 Oct 1974] 38915/75 Heading B3N A gear-operated wrench comprises an input shaft 26 which is driven by motor 14, a gear transmission 28 in the form of planetary gearing, output shaft 30, means, such as socket 54, for coupling the output shaft to a nut or bolt 53 and means for coupling housing 22, to a spacer member, washer 60, disposed under the nut or bolt head, the arrangement being such that rotation of the washer is prevented during tightening. The spacer member has a key 64 by which the housing 22 which has complementarily formed keyway 66, locks it non-rotatably. The motor 14 may be electrically or otherwise powered and the wrench may be portable or part of a machine.
Patent GB-1267416-A (GB)
Title: Hydrotreating catalyst and process
Inventor: JAFFE JOSEPH
IPC: C10G65/12
Filed: 1969-08-04
Abstract: 1,267,416. Conversion catalyst. CHEVRON RESEARCH CO. 4 Aug., 1969 [5 Aug., 1968; 14 Aug., 1968; 18 Sept., 1968], No. 38986/69. Heading B1E. [Also in Division C5] A catalyst composition comprises (i) a crystalline zeolitic molecular sieve component, (ii) a layered synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate component having, when in the hydrated form, the formula wherein: n is 2.4-3.0; m is 0.2-0.6; A is one equivalent of an exchangeable cation having a valence of not more than 2, and is external to the lattice, e.g. H<SP>+</SP>, NH 4 <SP>+</SP>, Na<SP>+</SP>, Li<SP>+</SP>, K<SP>+</SP>, ¢Ca<SP>2+</SP>, ¢Mg<SP>2+</SP>, ¢Sr<SP>2+</SP>, or ¢Bn<SP>2+</SP>; B is F-, OH- or ¢O<SP>2-</SP> and is internal to the lattice; and x is 2.0 to 3.5 at 50% relative humidity; the mineral having specified lattice parameters, and (iii) at least one hydrogenating component selected from Re, Gp VIII, e.g. metals Ni, Co, Pt, Pd and compounds thereof, and mixtures of Gp. VIII and Gp. VI metals, e.g. W, or compounds. The layered aluminosilicate which may be in the hydrated or dehydrated form, is suitably free of any catalytic loading metals, i.e. is in the hydrogen or ammonia form, and may be dispersed in particulate form in a matrix of a siliceous gel and the hydrogenating component. The composite may also contain (a) 0.1-10% wt. combined fluorine, (b) Ti, Hf, Zr or Th or a mixture thereof, in the form of the metals, oxides or sulphides, and (c) tin or a compound thereof. The catalyst may be sulphided before use.
Patent GB-1026504-A (GB)
Title: Elastomeric polyesters
IPC: C08G63/80
Filed: 1962-10-16
Abstract: Elastomeric polyesters are made by reacting (a) at least one dicarboxylic acid or ester thereof, (b) one or both of the cis- and transisomers of 1 : 4-cyclohexanedimethanol and (c) a polybutylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 1000 to 6500.  The preferred acids are (i) terephthalic and 1 : 4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, (ii) acids having two 6-membered carbon rings in which the carboxyl groups are attached in the p : p1-position and the two rings are joined directly or by a -SO2-, -CO-, -CH2-CH2-, -O-CH2-CH2-O-or-O-group and (iii) naphthalene-1: 4-, 1: 5-, and 2: 6-dicarboxylic acids.  Part of these acids may be replaced by straight chain or branched aliphatic acids containing 2 to 40 carbon atoms, cyclopentanedicarboxylic acids or aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acids containing 2 to 40 carbon atoms. Polyesterification may be effected in the presence of a stabilizer, e.g. an aromatic secondary or tertiary amine or a sulphur-containing ester or polyester of formula <FORM:1026504/C3/1> where m = 0 to 20, R1 is a dehydroxylated glycol residue containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms, R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group and X and Y are divalent hydrocarbon radicals. Polyesterification may be effected by a bulk process or in the presence of a solvent (e.g. a chlorinated di-or tri-phenyl or a poly(phenyl ether) and the prepolymer may be further polymerized by a melt or solid phase process.  The polyesters are particularly suitable for the manufacture of elastomeric fibres (see Division B5) and here may be stabilized by incorporating in them a sulphur-containing ester or polyester as described above or a 2:4:6-trialkyl phenol.
Patent GB-1256282-A (GB)
Title: Electrostatic image development apparatus
IPC: G03G15/09
Filed: 1969-08-06
Abstract: 1,256,282. Electro-photographic developing apparatus. RANK XEROX Ltd. Aug. 6, 1969 [Aug. 7, 1968 (2)], No.39393/69. Heading G2H. Means are provided for rapidly moving a magnetic brush 44 out of contact with a photoconductive drum 10 to prevent toner deposition on non-imaged portions of the drum. During developing, a magnet 59 comprising north and south poles 60, 61 separated by insulator 62 is positioned such that the main part 45 of its field is directed towards the drum. Fringe portions of the field enable a rotating, non-magnetic cylinder 51 surrounding the magnet to transport toner from a trough (30), Figs.2 and 5 (not shown) into main field 45 to form the brush 44. To stop developing a solenoid (SOL-1) Figs.2 and 4 (not shown) is energized to rotate magnet 59 through an angle such that field portion 45 is directed away from the drum. Preferably, as magnet shaft 65 rotates to stop developing, a collar 94 fixed thereto operates a pivoted blade 92 through linkage 95 to squash the brush 44. Simultaneously with these operations, an electro-magnetic clutch (71) Fig. 2 (not shown) disconnects the drive from cylinder 51. The trough (30) may be split into a portion containing cylinder 51 and a developer resevoir portion; helical feed screws (42, 43) Figs.2 and 5 (not shown) extending through both portions to maintain a continuous flow of developer.
Patent GB-1047640-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machine tools
IPC: B23B47/18
Filed: 1963-10-07
Abstract: 1,047,640. Machine tool details. H. JESTAEDT, and F. CENEK, [trading as JESTAEDT & CO. WERKZEUG - UND MASCHINENBAU]. Oct. 7, 1963 [Oct. 8, 1962], No. 39483/63. Headings B3B, B3C, B3K and B3N. A boring, milling, screw-cutting &c. machine comprises a spindle 1, Figs. 1, 3, 5 (not shown), mounted by bearings 3, 4 in a narrow casing 29, a rotatable cam drum 26, Figs. 1, 6 (not shown), for axially displacing the spindle, and an electric motor 15 and gearing 12, 13, Fig. 1 (not shown), for driving the spindle. Spindle 1 is rotatable in a sleeve 2 which is axially displaceable in a fixed sleeve 5, and is guided by a pin and slot 6, 7. A square 8 is formed on the spindle which is slidable in a member 9 driven by gear 12. A gear-wheel 17 on motor shaft 16 meshes with a gear-wheel 19 on a shaft 18, and the drive is supplied through a reduction gear 20, gears 22, 23, and slipping clutch 25, to drum shaft 24. A pin 28 in sleeve 2 co-operates with groove 27 in drum 26 so that on rotation of the drum, sleeve 2, along with spindle 1, is moved axially. Shaft 24 carries a replaceable and adjustable cam disc 35 which actuates a switch 36, Fig. 3 (not shown), for stopping the machine. Groove 27 on drum 26 provides a fast approach, a slower cutting period, and a fast return, or in a modification when screwing, a further cam is arranged on shaft 24 which actuates a contact for reversing the direction of the drive motor. The gears are changeable in order that the feeds and speeds can be varied, or the motor may have varied speeds. Drum 26 may be replaced by a drum with a groove for producing a left-hand thread, or two grooves may be arranged on the drum, so that either a left- or right-hand thread can be produced. For screwing, a chuck, Figs. 9, 10 (not shown), is provided for connection to spindle 1, and comprises a collet 43, axially movable in the chuck and held against relative rotation by a pin 47. The collet is urged to the right in Fig. 9 (not shown) by a spring 44.
Patent GB-837447-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ª†-glutamyl peptides
Filed: 1956-12-28
Abstract: g -L-glutamyl peptides of the formula <FORM:0837447/IV (b)/1> where n is 0-8, and R1 is H or an alkyl, aralkyl, aryl or heterocyclic radical which may contain a hydroxy radical or a group -S-(CH2)n1-H (where n1 is 1-3), are prepared by reacting, in the presence of dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, a solution in an inert solvent of N-trityl-L-glutamic acid or a salt thereof with a tertiary organic base, with an amino acid ester of formula H2NCH(COOR).(CH2)n - R1 where R is an alkyl radical of up to 8 carbon atoms, by leaving to stand or heating such solution at from 0 DEG  C. to the reflux temperature of the solvent, removing any excess of carbodiimide, saponifying by alkali treatment, isolating the resulting N-trityl peptide and detritylating. Preferred features are the use of the triethylamine salt of N-trityl-L-glutamic acid, the use of methylene chloride as solvent and ambient temperature, the removal of excess carbodiimide with acetic acid, saponification with ethanolic caustic soda, and detritylation by means of aqueous or ethanolic acetic acid. In examples, the amino acid ester is ethyl L-tyrosinate, ethyl L-leucinate, L-methionine methyl ester, and ethyl glycinate. Specifications 813,927, 826,925, 837,446 and 837,450 are referred to.
Patent GB-971405-A (GB)
Title: Motor vehicle exhaust systems
Inventor: PRICE-STEPHENS DOUGLAS
IPC: F16L41/03
Filed: 1962-10-19
Abstract: 971,405. Exhaust systems of I.C. engines. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. Sept. 26, 1963 [Oct. 19, 1962], No. 39586/62. Heading FIB. Exhaust branch pipes 1, 3, 5, 7 are connected in apertures in a plate 11 which closes the wide end of a funnel 15, the narrow end of which communicates with the main exhaust pipe. The plate 11 is square and is bolted to a flange 19 around the square cross-sectioned wide end of funnel 15, the narrow end being of circular cross-section. The branch pipes are welded in apertures of the plate 11 and the narrow end of funnel 15 may be welded to the main exhaust pipe 25 or connected thereto through a silencer.
Patent GB-868403-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to cast steel crossing for railway tracks
IPC: E01B7/12
Filed: 1959-11-25
Abstract: 868,403. Railway track crossings. ACIERIES DE PARIS ET D'OUTREAU. Nov. 25, 1959 [Nov. 26, 1958], No. 39958/59. Addition to 815,943. Class 104 (1). A double frog-crossing comprising two opposed frog points 10, 11 positioned between an obtused-angled outer running rail portion 12 and an obtused-angled inner guard rail 13 which together form a throat is formed by a single unitary casting having over the greater part of its length a hollow tubular form divided by a common longitudinal internal rib 18 into two side-by-side box-like spaces having a common transverse upper wall, on which the running-rail 12 and guard portion 13 are integrally formed, integrally joined by longitudinal side walls to a common sole-plate 4. A straight inner rail 14, intended. for use with a slip switch, is provided behind the guard rail 13. Spaced apertures 7, 15 are provided to facilitate the support and removal of cores and transverse vertical ribs 16, 17, all curved in the same direction in horizontal section, extend between the sides of the box-like spaces between successive apertures 7, 15.