Patent GB-1186405-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic Transmission Mechanism
IPC: F16H61/42
Filed: 1967-05-05
Abstract: 1,186,405. Hydrostatic transmission; hydrostatic brakes. BORG-WARNER CORP. 5 May, 1967 [24 May, 1966], No. 21061/67. Headings F2C, F2D and F2E. A control system for a motor vehicle hydrostatic gear having a variable displacement swash-plate pump 10 supplying a variable displacement swash-plate motor 12 through a reversing valve 21 comprises an automatic brake valve 22 which throttles the motor exhaust during overrun for vehicle braking. A follow-up servomotor 36 controls the displacement of the pump 10 in response to movement of a pedal 202a. A control 26 adjusts the displacement of the motor 12 to maintain constant pressure in the main supply line 81, 95. Depression of a brake pedal 202 overrides the normal servo control to reduce the pump displacement to zero and provides additional loading on a relief valve 20 to throttle the motor exhaust for vehicle braking. A servo 18 increases engine speed in response to movement of the pedal 202a. Pump control.-The follow-up servomotor 36 controls the angle of the pump swash-plate 10 in response to the pressure in a control circuit 86. An engine-driven fixed displacement pump 11 supplies pressure liquid to the circuit 86 and the pressure therein is controlled by relief valves 206a, 206b. The loading on the relief valves 206a, 206b is increased by movement of the pedal 202a to increase the pressure in the circuit 86 and thus the pump displacement. Excessive pressure in the main supply line 81, 95 between the pump and motor acts through a line 65 to open a valve 44, vent the control circuit 86 and thus reduce motor displacement. The pressure at which the valve 44 opens varies with swashplate angle. Motor control.-The main supply line pressure 95 acts in opposition to a spring 121 on a motor control valve 104 which meters supply line pressure to a piston 103 that adjusts the angle of the motor swash-plate 31 to maintain a constant pressure in the supply line 95. Reverse valve.-The reverse valve 21 has an axially slidable valve spool 149 which selectively supplies main supply pressure 95 to motor parts 140, 141. Chambers 160, 161 at each end of the reverse valve spool 149 are supplied with pressure liquid from the control circuit 86 through restrictors 163, 166. Anticlockwise or clockwise rotation of the pedal 202a opens the respective valve 203a, 203b to exhaust chamber 160 or 161 whereupon the valve spool 149 moves up or down to connect the supply line 95 to the motor part 141 or 140 for reverse or forward drive. Vehicle braking.-The main supply pressure normally acts on the spool 174 of the automatic brake valve 22 to move the spool down to the position shown wherein the motor exhaust line 167 is connected to an exhaust relief valve 20. On overrun the pressure in the supply line 81 drops and the valve spool 174 is moved up by a spring 180 to throttle the motor exhaust for vehicle braking. When the engine is stopped the valve spool 174 moves to its upper position and blocks the motor exhaust whilst a one-way valve 19 prevents liquid return from the motor to the pump. The motor is then hydraulically locked and acts as a parking brake. Depression of the brake pedal 202 initially opens a valve 203 to exhaust a line 222 and the control circuit 86 whereupon the servomotor 36 reduces the pump displacement to zero and initiates braking by valve 22. For rapid braking further depression of the pedal 202 loads a relief valve 206 and permits pressure build-up in a line 195 and chamber 186 of the relief valve 20. This provides additional loading on the relief valve 20 and throttles the motor exhaust for vehicle braking. Details.-A servo 18 increases engine speed in response to increases in the control circuit pressure 86. A high-pressure relief valve 23 is provided between the motor parts 140, 141.