Patent GB-902569-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of hard waxes
IPC: C07C43/02
Filed: 1958-08-22
Abstract: The invention comprises esterification products of carboxylic acids containing more than 18 carbon atoms and a polyol compound of the general formula R[X-[(-R1-O-)nH]m]z in which R stands for an isocyclic radical, X stands for an oxygen or nitrogen atom, R1 stands for an alkylene radical containing at least 2 carbon atoms in a straight chain and containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer from 1 to 12, m is equal to 1 if X is an oxygen atom or equal to 1 or 2 if X is a nitrogen atom and when X is nitrogen and m is 1, the free valency of the nitrogen is bound to a hydrogen atom, and z is an integer from 2 to 4, or with a polyol compound of the general formula R11[(R1O)nH]z in which R11 stands for a heterocyclic nucleus containing at least one nitrogen atom to which one of the groups of the formula [(R1O)nH] is attached and R1 n and z have the meanings given above. Alcohol components specified for use in preparing the products of the invention include the oxyalkylation, e.g. oxyethylation, products of pyrocatechnol, resorcinol, resorcinols substituted by hydrocarbon radicals e.g. nonyl, dodecyl or diisobornyl resorcinol, hydroquinones, phenylene diamines, dihydroxydiphenyls, diaminodiphenyls, aminophenols, aminonaphthols, dihydroxy-diphenyl-methane, methylene-bis-parabutyl phenol, methylene-bis-n-octyl phenol, dihydroxy dinaphthylmethanes, diamino-dinaphthyl ethanes, diamino-diphenyl methanes, dihydroxy-diphenylpropanes, pyrogallol, phloroglucinol, tetrahydroxynaphthalene, methylene-di-isobornyl phenol and heterocyclic compounds in which an alkylene oxide is added to at least one nitrogen atom e.g. piperazine.  Such compounds may be alkylated with alkylating agents such as tertiary-butyl chloride, n-octyl-chloride, tripropylene, decene and camphene.  Fatty acids specified include wax acids obtained by bleaching montan waxes with chromic acid, behenic and cerotic acids, carnauba wax acids or acids obtained by oxidation of paraffin wax and mixtures of such acids. Additional di- and polyhydric alcohols which may be employed in admixture with those specified above include aliphatic diols and triols and di- and polymethylol derivatives of various mono- and polycyclic hydrocarbons and substitution derivatives thereof, many of which are listed.  The products of the invention may be prepared by esterifying appropriate polyols and acids in a melt or in a solvent which may be employed to entrain water formed during the reaction, in the presence of an esterification catalyst e.g. sulphuric, phosphoric or p-toluene sulphonic acid.  Oxidation of the reactants may be avoided by the use of a nitrogen or carbon dioxide atmosphere.  Free acids in the products may be converted to salts by reaction with alkaline earth metals or other bases e.g. lithium, magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium, zinc, triethanolamine or morpholine which may be in the forms of hydroxides or by melting the products with magnesium acetate. Free hydroxy groups in the product may be reacted with di-isocyanates e.g. toluylene, cyclohexylene, 4,41 - dicyclohexylmethane, 1 : 4 - diphenylmethane or hexamethylene di - isocyanates.  Examples are furnished.