baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-941662-A (GB)
Title: Production of adipic acid
IPC: C07C/
Filed: 1959-12-23
Abstract: Adipic acid is obtained by reacting cyclohexane with molecular oxygen in a first oxidation zone at an elevated temperature and at a pressure sufficient to maintain the cyclohexane in the liquid phase to oxidise from 3 to 20% of the cyclohexane present and to produce a mixture comprising cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol and unreacted cyclohexane, removing unreacted cyclohexane, and reacting the cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol in admixture in a weight ratio of cyclohexanone to cyclohexanol of at least 2:3 with molecular oxygen in a second oxidation zone at an elevated temperature in the presence of a metal-containing oxidation catalyst.  The oxidation in the first zone is preferably carried out at about 150 DEG C. and at a pressure of 150 p.s.i.g. and the conversion of cyclohexane is preferably about 15%. The oxidation temperature in the second oxidation zone may be from 60 DEG  to 105 DEG C. and the pressure may be from atmospheric to 1000 p.s.i.g. and should be sufficient to maintain a liquid phase in the oxidation zone and to maintain a partial pressure of oxygen of at least one half atmosphere.  The unreacted cyclohexane from the first oxidation zone may be recycled to the first oxidation zone and the residue remaining after separating adipic acid in the second oxidation zone may be recycled to the second oxidation zone. Suitable oxidation catalysts in the second zone are compounds, e.g. the acetates, of manganese, copper, or iron, or mixture thereof.  The naphthenates may also be used. The oxidation in the second zone may be carried out in the presence of a substantially inert organic medium, e.g. acetic acid, chlorobenzene, or tertiary butyl alcohol. The mixture of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol obtained in the first oxidation zone may be used as an initiator for the oxidation of cyclohexane in the first oxidation zone.  The molecular oxygen used for the oxidation may be in the form of air or other oxygen-containing gas and in an example air is used in the first zone and oxygen in the second zone.
Patent GB-1182886-A (GB)
Title: Pesticidal Compositions with a prolonged Biocidal Action
Inventor: STEINKE WALTER
IPC: A01N25/10
Filed: 1968-09-13
Abstract: 1,182,886. Pesticides in porous, polymeric carriers. FARBENFABRIK WOLFEN. VEB. 13 Sept., 1968, No. 43667/68. Heading A5E. Pesticidal compositions with a prolonged biocidal action, comprise, as carrier, a porous cross-linked polymer of a vinyl-group-containing compound, and as active material, a phosphoric acid derivative. In examples, the carriers are polystyrene cross-linked with divinyl benzene and the sodium and magnesium sulphonates thereof; and the pesticides used are O, O-dimethyl O-dichlorovinyl phosphate, O, O-dimethyl O-(2, 5-dichloro-4-bromophenyl) thiophosphate, the 2-(methyl-mercapto)-esters of O, O-dimethyl-thiophosphoric acid, and O, O-dimethyl-S-(N-methyl-carbamoyl-methyl) dithiophosphate.
Patent GB-1049090-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for making leaven
IPC: A21C1/00
Filed: 1965-10-15
Abstract: In making leaven, freshly produced leaven is fed into a large scale container from below and well-fermented prepared leaven is removed from the surface of the container contents. Freshly produced leaven distributed by a plate g across the base of container a, rises during fermentation to a level s and is sucked off through a hose n into conduit o. The level of the top end of the hose n is regulated by ropes m wound on a drum r. The drum r is rotated by a pole-changing braking motor (not shown) controlled by a float switch q. <PICT:1049090/C6-C7/1>
Patent GB-1199621-A (GB)
Title: Control Installations
IPC: G05B9/03
Filed: 1967-09-27
Abstract: 1,199,621. Automatic control. APPAREILS DE PRECISION & DE CONTROLS. Sept.27, 1967 [Sept.28, 1966], No.43993/67. Heading G3R. Actual and desired values of a variable are compared by a digital and an analogue computer either of which may be selected to cause step by step correction of the variable. As shown, a signal 4 from a flowmeter 5 and a signal 3 representing a desired rate of flow are compared in a digital computer 2 the output 6 of which normally controls a reversible stepping motor 8 adjusting through a spring 9 the loading of a forcebalance unit including a beam 10, inductive transducers 13, 14, and an oscillator 15 the output of which serves to correct deviations from the desired rate of flow by controlling a valve 1. If digital computer 2 fails, it produces an output to operate a changeover relay 18 so that the output of the digital computer is disconnected and control of stepping motor 8 transferred to a selector switch 26 which is then supplied from a pulse generator 30 and controlled by an analogue computer 22 which also compares the actual and desired rates of flow. Under these conditions filtered feedback through RC networks 35, 34 introduces differential and integral components of control. Use of a stepping motor 8 ensures smooth changeover of control.
Patent GB-1116092-A (GB)
Title: Data manipulation apparatus
IPC: H04L1/00
Filed: 1965-10-18
Abstract: 1,116,092. Detecting and correcting errors; check bits. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. 18 Oct., 1965 [15 Feb., 1965], No. 43994/65. Heading G4A. Encoding apparatus having two generators for producing check bits can operate in two modes to produce different degrees of redundancy. In one mode only one generator is effective and in the other both are. Similar decoding apparatus may be provided whereby, for example, by adding 4 check bits to a message group of 11 binary bits any single error (in a communication channel or magnetic tape apparatus) may be detected and corrected or by adding 6 check bits to a 9-bit message group any error in any three consecutive digits may be detected and corrected. The encoding and decoding apparatus (Figs. 2 and 3, respectively, not shown) each comprise two shift register blocks, a plurality of modulo-two adders and timing means. In addition the decoder comprises an OR-gate, an inverter and a 15-stage buffer store. As the cycle time of the decoder is twice that of the encoder two decoders may be provided to one encoder or the encoder may be periodically stopped. More than two shift registers may be provided in cascade to provide more than two modes of operation. Instead of binary digits, the apparatus may operate with ternary digits (in which case modulo-3 adders would be used) or other scales based on the prime numbers.
Patent GB-440133-A (GB)
Abstract: 440,133. Ignition systems. WEST, H. E. W., 93, Porter Road, Derby. Oct. 3, 1934, Nos. 28300 and 29128. [Class 7 (iv)] Battery current is supplied to the coil c at starting or slow running, until the voltage of the generator b acting through the solenoid coil i<2> and armature j, breaks the contacts k, l, and n, o in the leads to and from the battery, and completes a direct circuit from the generator to the coil through solenoid winding i<1> and contacts k, m; the winding i<1> acts as a holding coil to assist the coil i<2>. The generator b is distinct from that which charges the battery.
Patent GB-1098259-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to containers, particularly for chicks
Inventor: WELDING HAROLD
IPC: B65D5/68
Filed: 1965-10-18
Abstract: 1,098,259. Containers for chicks. REED PAPER GROUP Ltd. Oct. 18, 1966 [Oct. 18, 1965], No. 44044/65. Heading B8P. A one-piece blank for forming a container for chicks has two rows of panels 3-10 integrally connected at one of the side-forming panels 3, 5, 7 and 9 which are foldable to form two interconnected tubular containers in conjunction with base panel 17 passing through slots 13 in the oblique corner panels 4, 6, 8, 10 and slots 15 in the two interconnected side panels. An end panel 11 in each row is folded over and secured to the side panel 3 and ventilation openings 12, 14, 20 are provided in the corner panels, side panels and in a flanged lid respectively. A pair of double containers may be secured together to form a four-compartment container.
Patent GB-1468023-A (GB)
Title: Liquid flow control
IPC: G05D7/00
Filed: 1974-09-20
Abstract: 1468023 Gas turbine engine fuel systems; controlling pumps DOWTY FUEL SYSTEMS Ltd 20 Sept 1974 [20 Sept 1973] 44081/73 Headings F1C and F1G [Also in Division G3]  A liquid flow control system comprises a source of liquid under pressure, means for adjusting the flow-rate, measuring means through which the adjusted flow passes to produce a signal logarithmically related to the flow-rate, means for converting each of a plurality of control signals into logarithmic signals, and balancing means to compare the logarithmic flow signal with the sum of the logarithmic control signals and to respond to the difference to operate the adjusting means in the sense to reduce the difference to zero. In the arrangement shown the system controls the flow of liquid fuel, entering at 1, through an outlet 28 to a gas turbine engine by by-passing fuel through outlet 4 to a reservoir under the control of valve 2. The latter comprises a spool 6 slidable within sleeve 5 under the action of opposing control pressures supplied to chambers 13, 14, so as to control the by-pass flow through tapered ports 12. A unit 3 measures the actual flow passing to the engine and comprises a tubular member having a fixed orifice 19 at one end within which a plug 21 is axially movable. The plug is carried by a ported member 22 biased upwardly by a spring 23 formed by machined slots in a metal tube fixed at its base 24. Unit 3 is so arranged that movement of plug 21 is logarithmically related to the flow through orifice 19, this movement being transmitted via light spring 29 to produce a force acting on one end of a beam 42 pivoted at 47. The other end of beam 42 is acted on by a light spring 36 compressed by a rotatable cam 33 via follower 34 in response to a pulsed electrical control signal applied to a stepping motor 31. A second control signal is similarly applied via cam 37, follower 38, spring 41 and adjustable fulcrum 51 to a third limb 49 of beam 42. Both cams 33, 37 are designed such that movement of their respective followers 34, 38 is logarithmically related to the cam rotation. Alternatively the electrical pulse signal may be logarithmically related to the control signal applied to the pulse generator. Movement of beam 42 from an equilibrium position is detected by a pair of servo-vents 52, 53 connected respectively via lines 59, 61 to by-pass spool chambers 13, 14 so as to cause movement of spool 6 to adjust the by-pass flow and thus restore equilibrium. In modifications the balancing beam 42 may be replaced by floating levers or by an electrical device receiving logarithmic electrical signals. The arrangement described uses a gearpump as the source of pressurized fuel but the pump could be of centrifugal, vapour core or variable displacement type with flow adjustment respectively provided by a delivery throttle valve, an inlet throttle valve, or a displacement control device.
Patent GB-1340584-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for detecting and locating a failure in a can in the fuel assembly of a nuclear reactor
IPC: G21C17/04
Filed: 1971-09-22
Abstract: 1340584 Locating fuel can failures COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 22 Sept 1971 [22 Sept 1970] 44139/71 Heading G6C In a nuclear reactor fuel can failure detecting system, the gaseous fission products contained in the liquid coolant, flowing in the fuel channel containing a faulty element, are entrained by a neutral gas which transfers them to a collecting and detecting system. The tubes, 4, receive liquid coolant from the fuel assembly channels and fission product gas, from a faulty channel, is discharged into the associated box, 8. A neutral gas, argon, flows into 8 from the duct, 12, entrains the fission gas and transfers it via pipe, 14, to the collectors, 16, 18, and the collector main, 20. By a selective operation of the valves, 22, the defective core channel is isolated.
Patent GB-1401493-A (GB)
Title: Grinding apparatus for vegetable or fibrous material
IPC: D21B1/14
Filed: 1972-09-25
Abstract: 1401493 Disc mills R B REINHALL 25 Sept 1972 [28 Sept 1971] 44148/72 Heading B2A A disc mill 18 comprises discs 22, 28 within a casing 20, a primary steam source to maintain superatmospheric pressure in the casing and a control valve 34 in the produce outlet 32 of the casing, which valve is controlled by a device 38, 40 sensing and acting in response to variations in pressure in the casing 20 caused by the introduction of secondary steam through a separate conduit 58. Raw material, e.g. wood chips is fed from a hopper 10 by a screw 12 into a pressurised receptacle 14 which is supplied with the primary steam at a pressure P 1  via a regulator 56. Material is supplied from the vessel 14 via a screw feeder 16 to the disc mill 18 which may include a fixed disc 22 and a rotating disc 28. Alternatively both discs may rotate or contrarotate, and may have the usual grooves/projections on their surfaces. The outlet 32 is connected via a conduit 50 to a steam separator 52. The secondary steam at a pressure P 2  is supplied to the casing 20 via a regulator 60 P 2  < P 1 . In operation, if valve34 tends to block with produce the mill pressure will rise to P 1 , actuating the regulator 38 and thus opening valve 34. The pressure then falls back to normal, i.e. P 2 . Should too much produce be discharged the corresponding fall in pressure is sensed and the valve closes until pressure P 2  is restored The secondary steam supply thus serves always to ensure a desired pressure at which discharge of produce is possible.
Patent GB-1115385-A (GB)
Title: Improved voltage regulation system for brushless ac generators
IPC: H02P9/36
Filed: 1964-10-30
Abstract: 1,115,385. Alternators. D. A. CRADDOCK. 24 Jan., 1966 [30 Oct., 1964], No. 44279/64. Heading H2A. [Also in Division G3] A brushless alternator comprises a stationary output winding S and a rotating exciting winding F supplied over a bridge network of thyristors a, b, from the rotating output winding A of an A.C. exciter having a stationary field winding EF. The firing angle of thethyristors is automatically varied in a corrective sense to maintain the output voltage of the alternator at a constant value, the firing pulses being inductively transferred from the stationary part of the alternator to the thyristor bridge network. Output voltage variations are sensed by a voltage comparator which is associated with two ramp generators which have outputs biased up or down by the voltage error signal, these outputs being applied to Schmitt triggers which are used to trigger a pulse generator PG producing the firing, pulses for the thyristors. The exciter field excitation circuit may include an overvoltage relay R for fault protection.
Patent GB-894100-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sewing machines
IPC: D05B19/00
Filed: 1960-12-29
Abstract: 894,100. Sewing machines. NECCHI S.p.A. Dec. 29, 1960 [Feb. 4, 1960], No. 44593/60. Class 112. In a zig-zag sewing machine, the stitch form is automatically governed by means adapted to be driven either continuously or intermittently. As shown, the machine is a modification of the one described in Specification 774,294. A vertical shaft 8, driven by the arm shaft 4, carries a cam 9 adapted to oscillate an arm 12 pivoted at 13 to an arm 14 pivoted at 16 to the frame. A link 23 carries at one end a block 22 slidably engaged with arm 12 and is pivoted at 26 to an arm 27 pivoted at 28 to the frame. A bell crank lever 33, pivoted at 35 to the frame, has one arm connected to block 22 and carries on its other arm a pin 34. A bell crank lever 36, also pivoted at 35, is provided on one arm with an abutment 37 biased against lever 33 by a spring 40, and at its other arm a handle 38 manipulation of which serves to shift block 22 for varying the stitch width. Arm 14 carries a pin 15 biased by a spring 19 against a lever 17 which is pivoted at 16 and is provided with a handle, manipulation of which serves to shift the angular position of pivot 13 for varying the mean position of the stitches. Pins 15 and 34 are embraced by the respective forked lower ends of bars 43 and 44 which are journalled at their upper ends in a fixed plate 49 and are adapted to be pivoted therein by respective cam followers 57 and 58 for automatically governing the stitch width and mean position. A cam follower 60 automatically governs the feed. The followers co-operate with alternative sets of rotating cams which may be driven either continuously or intermittently. As shown, a set of cams 78 is journalled on a fixed sleeve 49<SP>1</SP> and is coupled by a pin 83 to a gear 66 driven continuously via an intermediate shaft 64 from shaft 8. An alternative set of cones is also journalled on sleeve 49<SP>1</SP> and is coupled to the rectangular upper end 81 of a shaft 67 journalled in sleeve 49<SP>1</SP>. Shaft 67 is driven step-by-step from shaft 4 via a cam 71, follower 70 and unidirectional coupling 69. The length of step can be varied by a cam 72<SP>1</SP> coupled to a handle 72.
Patent GB-1196629-A (GB)
Title: Method of Preparing a Suspension
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1967-10-04
Abstract: 1,196,629. Electrode materials. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. 4 Oct., 1967 [7 Oct., 1966], No. 45127/67. Heading H1D. [Also in Division C1] A suspension of a solid in a liquid is prepared by placing the solid, in powder form, in a vacuum vessel and reducing the pressure therein to less than 1 Torr then wetting the powder with the liquid without otherwise increasing the pressure in the vessel until it is fully coated, then bringing the suspension to the desired concentration. The conductive inner layer of a cathode ray tube may be formed by homogenizing two intermediate suspensions prepared by the above method. The first intermediate suspension comprising zinc oxide in water or an aqueous phosphate solution and the second intermediate suspension comprises soot, graphite and silica in a potassium silicate solution. The homogenization time is preferably less than 6 hours.
Patent GB-1444088-A (GB)
Title: Connectors
IPC: H01R12/77
Filed: 1972-10-03
Abstract: 1444088 Two-part coupling CANNON ELECTRIC (GREAT BRITAIN) Ltd 27 Sept 1973 [3 Oct 1972] 45467/72 Heading H2E Plug (Fig. 2) and receptacle (Fig. 1) connector members to bring into contact based corresponding conductors on flat cables each comprise a frame with two parallel slots 4, 5 on the plug and wider spaced slots on the receptacle, through which tape cables may be looped, based side outwards, over two finger-like strips 1, 1 (not shown) or 8. 9. In the plug a retainer strip 3, forced between the fingers retains cable or cables 2; in the receptacle a second frame 62 with slots for the fingers is pulled back over them, and locked by latches 10 to retain the cable or cables. Hooked arms 6 on the plug enter loops 11, 12 on the receptacle rear frame when the plug is engaged with its fingers fitting within those of the receptacle. In each connector, the cable may be divided at its centre with separate connections to upper and lower half. A variant with spring backing to the tape on the plug fingers is described (Fig. 5, not shown). The hooked arms and loops may be reversed.
Patent GB-1189185-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Water-Soluble Resins
IPC: C08G81/00
Filed: 1967-10-05
Abstract: 1,189,185. Aminoplast-polyester condensates; electrocoating compositions. VIANOVA KUNSTHARZ A.G. 5 Oct., 1967 [6 Oct., 1966], No. 45537/67. Heading C3R. [Also in Division C7] A water-soluble resin is prepared by reaction of an aminoplast resin with a resin Which is obtained by condensing a polyol with an aliphatic and/or hydroaromatic polycarboxylic acid or an adduct of maleic anhydride and a rosin acid or unsaturated oil fatty acid or ester, and reacting the product with a watersoluble nitrogen base until it becomes watersoluble. Suitable aminoplast resins include the methylol derivatives of urea, thiourea, melamine, benzoguanamine and other amino-triazines, and partial ethers thereof with C 1-9  alkanols and diol semiethers. Suitable polycarboxylic acids include succinic, glutaric, adipic, fumaric, itaconic, citric, and maleic acids; and camphoric and tetrahydrophthalic acids; suitable oil acids are those of linseed, soybean, safflower, tung, oiticica and dehydrated castor oils. Minor amounts of e.g. phthalic acids or trimellitic acid, or aliphatic or hydroaromatic monocarboxylic esters of polyols, may be incorporated in the polyester resin. Suitable polyols are glycols, glycerol, trimethylolpropane (TMP) and pentaerythritol. The polyester resin may be copolymerized with, e.g. styrene, α-methyl styrene, vinyl toluene, vinyl esters, and acrylic and methacrylic acid derivatives. The reaction is preferably carried out at 50-120‹ C. to the least extent required to give products which are water-soluble on neutralization. Suitable nitrogen bases include NH 3 , NH 2 OH, and mono-, di- and tri-ethyl- or -ethanol- -amines. In Examples; aminoplasts are prepared from melamine or urea, paraformaldehyde and butanol or butoxyethanol; polyesters are prepared from linseed oil/dehydrated castor oil/rosin/ glycerol/maleic anhydride/ethylene glycol, TMP/ synthetic fatty acids/adipic acid Œ phthalic acid, TMP/tall oil/dehydrated castor oil/adipic acid/maleic anhydride, linseed oil/dehydrated castor oil/rosin/glycerol/maleic anhydride/vinyl toluene, and TMP/synthetic fatty acids/adipic acid/maleic anhydride; the two resins are heated at 70-90‹ C. in butanol or butoxyethanol/diacetone alcohol, neutralized with triethylamine or dimethylethanolamine, and diluted with water; such solutions are mixed with TiO 2  and used to coat zinc-phosphated steel plate electrolytically.
Patent GB-1486600-A (GB)
Title: Process for enhancing the building tack of rubbery polymer compositions
IPC: C08L21/00
Filed: 1974-10-22
Abstract: 1486600 Treatment of rubbery polymer compositions STAMICARBON BV 22 Oct 1974 [26 Oct 1973 11 Oct 1974] 45623/74 Heading C3P The building tack of a mixture comprising a rubbery copolymer of ethylene, at least one other α-alkene and one or more polyenes, a tackifier and optionally conventional additives is enhanced by exposing the mixture, in the presence of oxygen and a photosensitizer for singlet oxygen oxidation, to an artificial light source emitting radiation of wavelength 200- 800 nm. The mixture used has, in a non-vulcanized state, an elongation at break of at least 500% and a tensile strength of 1À5-50 kg./cm.<SP>2</SP>, and the copolymer contains C=C bonds in groups pendant to the polymer backbone, the carbon atoms of said bonds either (a) having attached thereto two hydrocarbon groups which are in vicinal cis relative positions of which at least one forms a linkage with the polymer chain and which do not form part of the same cyclic system or (b) having at least three hydrocarbon groups at least one of which forms a linkage with the polymer chain. The tackifier may be, for example, an isoprenoid resin, a terpenoid resin, a phenol-aldehyde resin, a phenolacetylene resin or an alkylated phenol resin. Preferred photosensitizers are polynuclear aromatic compounds, such as rubrene and substituted products of anthracene, naphthacene, benzanthracene and diphenylanthracene; other classes of suitable photosensitizers are also disclosed. Optional additives include vulcanizing agents, fillers, pigments and hydrocarbon oils. In the examples ethylene-propylene- (ethylidene-norbornene) terpolymers are used as the rubbery copolymer, and the compositions are formed into strips before being exposed to the radiation. The treated compositions are useful for forming adherent, rubbery multilayers in such articles as drive belts, conveyer belts and tyres.