Patent GB-539322-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical calculating device
IPC: B05B15/06
Filed: 1939-12-30
Abstract: 539,322. Statistical machines. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Dec. 30, 1939, No. 33097. Convention date, Jan. 10. [Class 106 (i)] [Also in Group XXXVII] Adding means for electrical calculating machines of the kind comprising a chain of relays for each denomination are devised for economy in construction to operate with four relays. Thus for each denomination there are only four electromagnets each with two windings and two armatures, the eight armatures being arranged to control twenty-three different contacts in various combinations. Each denomination has electromagnets M0, M1, M2, M3, Figs. 1a, 1b, energized by currents of different strengths (each magnet has two different windings) to control related multiple contacts 0a, 0b &c. entry means (e.g. card reading brushes 31, Fig. 4) which determine the selective energization of the magnets singly or in combination to close the appropriate multiple contacts, and means controlled by these contacts to give a single registration (i.e. to close one of a series of further contacts 0, 1, 2... 9, Fig. 4) corresponding to the digit entered for the denomination. The control of the contacts 0b ... 3c, N, and 0a ... 3a by the magnet armatures and by two impulse emitters JI and JII is such that contacts 0, 1, 2 ... 9 tend to close and then reopen sequentially. When the card hole energizes a brush relay at a differential moment the appropriate contact 0 ... 9 tending to close at that moment is closed to register the correct digit in the denomination. Each denomination has 4 magnets M0 ... M3, Figs. 1a, 1b, having each two windings 0I, 0II, or 1I, 1II, or 2I, 2II, or 3I, 3II controlling two armatures A0I AOII or A1I, A11I or A2I, A2II or A3I, A3II respectively. The windings of each magnet, e.g. 0I and 01I, have different ampere turns so that the armature A0II is heavier than the armature A0I. The armatures are mounted by springs 15, on yokes 13 attached to a frame 10 and when the heavier winding is energized it attracts both the heavy armature A0II and the light armature A0I. Contacts between the upper and lower magnets are arranged in the order shown in the three rows of reference letters and numbers to the left of Fig. 1b. A frame 18, Fig. 1d, fastened to frame 10, carries bails BOI, BOII &c. B2I, B2II &c. which are connected by bars 20, 21 one to each armature, e.g. armature AOI is connected to bail BOI and A0II to bail B0II &c. The springiness of the armature supports 15 hold the bails against stops 22. The bails are connected to the contacts by supports 23 and hooks 24 so that when an armature is moved the parts 23 and 24 close the contact against the springiness of the latter. The contacts are connected with the windings as shown in Fig. 4, (e.g. 0b and Oa in series with 0I) and the interconnection between bails and contacts is such that the desired sequence of circuits is obtained. The interconnections of bails and contacts (including contacts 0, 1, 2 ... 9) are given in full. If current is switched on, Fig. 4, the winding 3II of each denominational set of magnets is energized over a circuit 45, 57, 55, 54, 5L, N, 3II, 49, LK, 50, 32. Winding 3II attracts its armature A3I and A3II and bails B3I and B3II are moved from home to open contacts N, 1, 5, and 8 and close contacts 0a and 3c (initially contacts 0b, 1b, 2b and 0 are also closed). Of the contacts 0, 1, 2 ... 9 only contacts 0 remain closed and zero would be printed if switch SWK were closed and sockets 61 connected to sockets 63 of printer magnets SM1, SM2 &c. Fig. 4a is a continuation of the foot of Fig. 4. The digits in the various denominations may be entered by card reading brushes 31 by plugging sockets 33 to sockets 42. The connections for three denominations are shown, the first denominational brush relay comprising windings BR1S, BR1A, and BR1H (the latter being the holding winding), the second brush relay has windings BR2S, BR2A, and BR2H, and so on. The first brush relay controls contacts BR1a, BR1b, BR1c and BR1d and the other brush relays similarly. Fig. 5 shows the timing diagram. If at the beginning of the card reading cycle a "9" digit hole is read, say in the second denomination, the second brush relay closes its contacts. The circuit to the denominational magnets 0I .. 3II is then alternately controlled by emitters JI and JII and the effect of the energization of the various windings and their effects on their bails and contacts is such that the contacts 01, 2 ... 9 are closed and then opened in turn so that finally only contacts 9 and Z (the latter for possible tens transfer) remain closed. Provision is also made for total transfer, this occurring after the complete entries. In a modification, Fig. 8 (not shown), the tens transfers are effected as they arise. Subtraction.-When additive entries are made, each denominational brush relay is energized (winding BR1A, BR2A &c.) by a card hole and de-energized at the completion of the entry cycle. For subtracting contacts SK, Fig. 4, are closed so that the windings VRS and VRS<SP>1</SP> record their contacts VRS1, VRS2, VRS<SP>1</SP>2, VRS3, and VRS<SP>1</SP>3. This effects the energization of all the brush relays at the beginning of the entry cycle and when a card hole is read the winding BR1S or BR2S &c. of the corresponding brush relay is energized. This winding is oppositely wound to the holding winding BR1H, and BR2H &c. and thereupon deenergizes the brush relay. The complement is thus added. Specification 513,606 is referred to.