baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-802863-A (GB)
Title: Continuous process for the esterification of cellulose in homogeneous phase
IPC: C08B17/02
Filed: 1957-06-27
Abstract: <PICT:0802863/IV (a)/1> A process for the continuous esterification of cellulose in homogeneous phase consists in continuously treating cellulose with esterifying agents and causing the resulting mass to undergo an overall displacement at regulated temperature in a substantially horizontal reaction zone by subjecting said mass to both a rotary and a reciprocating movement and to the action of counter-pressure directed in opposition to the overall displacement. As shown, suitable apparatus comprises a shaft 5 having interrupted worn threads thereon contained in a casing 1 having discontinuous ribs 4 on its inner surface and an exit 3 and an inlet orifice 2, the worn threads and the casing being reciprocable and rotatable relative to one another and co-operating with one another so as to permit passage of the ribs between the gaps in the interrupted worm threads. Esterifying agents may be added to the cellulose at the start or through tubes 11, 12 during the reaction.  An inverted U-tube 13, modified to prevent it from acting as a syphon, is jointed to exit 3 by flanges and provides counter-pressure through the reaction zone. The reaction temperature may be controlled by circulating water through jackets 7-10 surrounding the reaction zone.  Comparative examples of the manufacture of cellulose acetate by treating cellulose with acetic acid, acetic anhydride and sulphuric acid are given.  Specification 740,171 is referred to.
Patent GB-421516-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to thermionic valve amplifier and like electrical circuit arrangements
IPC: H03F1/36
Filed: 1934-07-11
Abstract: 421,516. Valve amplifying circuits. SIEMENS & HALSKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. July 11, 1934, No. 20382. Convention date, July 11, 1933. [Class 40 (v)] Distortion in thermionic amplifiers due to curved operating characteristics is eliminated by injecting into the amplifier input an auxiliary frequency higher than the highest working frequency and of small amplitude compared with the curvature of the characteristic, this amplified control frequency being then utilized to correct the curvilinear distortion. In Fig. 2 the curved characteristic of the valve V is rectified by impressing on the grid an auxiliary frequency from St which is restricted in amplitude in the anode circuit by the network R, C, L1, rectified at G1 and transferred through potentiometer R1 to vary the grid bias of V directly in proportion to the curvilinear distortion produced, and in the opposing sense ; this follows since the amplification of the control frequency will vary with the momentary value of the signal input due to curvature of characteristic. The compensating voltage may be applied to a preceding stage provided that the latter has a straight characteristic ; or the valve to which compensating voltage is fed back may act as a variable resistance across the input of V or in shunt to the load B, or in series with either circuit; alternatively a coupling impedance may be varied. The auxiliary control frequency may be generated by back coupling the anode of the valve to a second grid in the valve V. A compensating system independent of variation in applied control frequency is shown in Fig. 3, S being the network to be corrected, E the signal input, B the output, and St the control frequency. The amplified control frequency is applied through potentiometer P1 rectifier G12 and potentiometer P2 to the outer grid of the control valve SR, the inner grid being fed directly by rectified control frequency. The compensating voltage is derived from the anode resistance RW and applied, as previously described, for correction of S.
Patent GB-1434511-A (GB)
Title: Central control equipment particularly for use in telephone  switching systems
IPC: H04Q3/545
Filed: 1974-05-09
Abstract: 1434511 Automatic exchange systems INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP 9 May 1974 [14 May 1973] 20438/74 Heading H4K A central control equipment (e.g. for use in a telecommunications switching system) consists of two identical control units which operate alternately by turning each other on, each unit performing both service (e.g. connection) requests and other operations (e.g. checking) and in which each control unit when turned on first performs the other operations for a predetermined time, then completes all service requests before turning the other control unit on. As described each control unit on being switched on performs monitoring and testing operations for a fixed time then starts a timer which when it times out primes a gate via which that control unit can switch the other on and itself off if no call requests are waiting at that time. All waiting call requests are dealt with before switchover takes place.
Patent GB-1008537-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to phototropic materials
IPC: G02B5/23
Filed: 1961-09-22
Abstract: Phototropic compositions comprise a solid solution of an inorganic heteropolyacid and a polymeric plastics material the molecule of which has side groups to form the solid solution with the said acid. Specified polymeric materials are vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinyl acetal and polyvinyl butyral. Cellulose acetate and cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate are also said to be useful. Specified heteropolyacids are phosphomolybdic, silocotungstic and phosphotungstic acids. The compositions may also comprise cupric chloride. The compositions may be used in the preparation of windows, shields and eyeglasses for protection against intense radiation, and in the preparation of photographic images.  Specification 1,008,538 is referred to.
Patent GB-1278893-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of microporous thermoplastic elastomer films
Inventor: MEISERT ERNST
IPC: C08J9/26
Filed: 1970-04-29
Abstract: 1278893 Laminates FARBENFABRIKEN BAYER AG 29 April 1970 [21 May 1969] 20530/70 Heading B5N [Also in Division C3] Laminates may be produced having as one layer a microporous sheet prepared by processing on a calender 100 p.b.w. of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 60 to 150 p.b.w. of sodium bicarbonate and 3 to 15 p.b.w. of an organic aliphatic carboxylic acid which has a M.W. of 150 to 5000 and an acid number of at least 2À5 and washing the film obtained with water. Preferred carboxylic acids are fatty acids such as stearic, palmitic, myristic and oleic acids, oxidized polyethylene waxes, montannic acid waxes and partially saponified ester waxes. The cylinder temperature of the heated calender is suitably 110 to 220 C. Suitable substrates are textile fabrics, bonded unwoven fibre structures, leather and paper. In examples, bonded unwoven fibrous structures and cotton fabrics are used.
Patent GB-551400-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to wall coverings or the like
IPC: E04F13/08
Filed: 1939-07-15
Abstract: 551,400. Wall facings ; tiles. COOPER, A. M.  BURDON.- July 15, 1939, No. 20619. [Classes 20 (iv) and 87 (i)] A wall is faced with rectangular tiles the opposite pairs of the edges of which are oppositely inclined, the tiles being fixed by elements arranged between the juxtaposed edges and comprising coplanar flanges extending laterally from the base of a web overhanging the base at one side whereby each edge of each tile abuts against a web and conforms to its shape. As shown, the tiles, 17, Fig. 4, have their shorter edges 18 bevelled from front to back and their longer edges 19 from back to front. The fixing elements have flanges 21, Fig. 7, extending on opposite sides of an inclined web 22 which, as shown in Fig. 2, lies against the adjacent, edges of the tiles. The web may be curved or stepped in cross section, the tile edges being formed to correspond.
Patent GB-859851-A (GB)
Title: Liquid dispensing apparatus
IPC: G01F15/00
Filed: 1957-07-02
Abstract: 859,851. Dispensing liquids. TRUBERT, R. July 2, 1957, No. 20880/57. Class 116 [Also in Groups XXVI and XXIX] A liquid meter has a casing 1 with inlet and outlet connections 2, 3 respectively and an internal flange 5 supporting the stator 7 of a ratemeasuring device, which comprises a rotor 8 driving through its shaft 9 a gear-reducing mechanism 10. The output shaft 11 of mechanism 10 extends through the cover 4 of the casing 1 and carries a bevel wheel 14 which meshes with a bevel wheel 22 enclosed in a housing 15 mounted on the casing 1. Wheel 22 is carried by a shaft 16 extending through a window 18 and journalled in the housing 15 and in a support 17. By turning a knob 19, a pointer 21 carried by the shaft is moved round a scale on a dial 20 behind the window 18. A dished spring washer 25 urges the wheel 22 towards a disc 23 mounted on the shaft between the wheel and the plate 17, a friction disc 24 being interposed between the wheel and the disc 23. The disc 23 carries a radial pin 26 to operate a trip lever controlling a diaphragm valve 36 closing the outlet 3. The diaphragm 36 is clamped between a perforated annular seating 37 and a screw-cap 38 by a ring nut 39 and is urged to the closure position by a spring 45. The diaphragms 36 and the cap 38 have axial openings 40, 42 respectively, the opening 42 being closed normally by a valve 43 carried by an arm 44 extending from the trip lever 46. The lever 46 also carries a lever 47 stressed by a spring 48 to the valve closure position, the lever 47 being aligned with a push-button 49. Lever 47 is engaged by a latch 52 to hold the valves open. To obtain a given quantity of liquid the pointer is rotated to the appropriate setting, the pin 26 being simultaneously moved away from the pin 54 of the latch 52. On depressing button 49, the lever 47 is forced into engagement with the latch 52 and the valve 43 uncovers the hole 42, so that the diaphragm 36 is lifted off its seat. Liquid flows into the stator through oblique openings 55 and leaves through oblique openings 56, driving the rotor 8. The rotor, through gear 10, drives the wheel 14, which drives wheel 22 to restore the pointer to zero. Additional outlet passages may be provided in the base of the rotor and brought into operation by adjustment of a screw on the casing. When the pointer reaches zero, the pin 26 lifts the pin 54 and so releases the lever 42, which then returns to the valve closure position. The positions of the inlet 2 and outlet 3 may be reversed to prevent the meter being drained.
Patent GB-478890-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric circuit breakers having arc-suppressing means
IPC: H01H9/44
Filed: 1936-07-29
Abstract: 478,890. Arc-rupturing in switches. ELLISON, Ltd., G., and ANDERSON, J. July 29, 1936, No. 20966. [Class 38 (v)] In a circuit-breaker of the kind in which auxiliary contacts are separated after the main contacts and are associated with an electromagnetic arc-suppressing device in which the arc formed on breaking the circuit can be whirled and extinguished, the arcsuppressing device comprises an electromagnet e mounted between a pair of parallel iron plates t, two or more concentric metal rings v, w also mounted between the plates, the inner ring v being adapted to serve as, or to carry, the auxiliary fixed contact 4, and the outer ring or rings w being formed with an aperture 3 through which the auxiliary movable contact l can pass, and insulating plates u arranged between the inner faces of the iron plates t and the ends of the rings, so as to form with the latter a whirling chamber or chambers m in which the arcs set up between the auxiliary contacts are confined and extinguished. The winding of the electromagnet e is connected at one end to the fixed main contact b and at the other end to the fixed auxiliary contact 4. A wiper contact 6 associated with the movable contacts may be arranged to bear against the outer ring w until the arc is extinguished. In a modification, the electromagnet is mounted concentrically with the rings.
Patent GB-654721-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to tool units for grinding, milling, drilling and like operations
IPC: B23Q37/00
Filed: 1948-08-09
Abstract: 654,721. Grinding. McCULLOUGH, D. S. Aug. 9, 1948, No. 20974. Convention date, Aug. 13, 1947. [Class 60] [Also in Groups XXII, XXIV and XXXV] A tool unit, for grinding &c. comprises a head which carries a tool 91 and its driving motor 100, which is mounted for reciprocation on cylindrical guide rods 12, and which carries wedging members 36, 43 adjacent different rods and movable complementarily into engagement with the rods. The head is contained in a casing 13 which forms a closed oil-box, and houses an axially-adjustable wormwheel 68 and an axially-adjustable worm 46. The head is adjusted vertically on the four rods 12 by a screw 21 working in nuts 30 and 31, which are adjustable to take up backlash and is clamped by the simultaneously acting wedges 36, 43 carried on a screw 42. The rods 12 have ground faces 16 abutting ground plates 10, 11 to which they are secured by loosely-fitting threaded portions. An electric motor 100 drives the worm 46 by belting whose tension is adjusted by adjusting the motor horizontally or angularly by a clamping screw 106. The motor is also adjustable angularly about a pivot 116, a clamping bolt 117 being engaged in an arcuate slot 115. By reversing the positions of bolts 116. 117 the motor is turned end-for-end. The worm-shaft is then also turned end-for-end, its end-mountings being identical, so that the belt is on the opposite face of the machine. A shaft 67 carrying the wormwheel 68 carries a tool-mounting 90 or an auxiliary driving shaft 130, Fig. 5, to drive a tool-shaft 127 carried in an angularly-adjustable casing 125. The latter casing is secured to the casing 13 by T-bolts 124 in arcuate slots 122. Alternatively, the casing 13 may carry an angularly-adjustable spindle 131 driven directly by a belt 134. The unit may be used independenty for milling, drilling, grinding &c. or may be attached to a machine tool. In either case it may be carried on a compound slide.
Patent GB-628561-A (GB)
Title: An apparatus for measuring the amount of liquid water present in a mist
IPC: G01N27/18
Filed: 1946-07-12
Abstract: 628,561. Hygrometers. GROUPEMENT FRANCAIS POUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT DES RECHERCHES AERONAUTIQUES. July 12, 1946, No. 20976. Convention date, July 12, 1945. [Class 97 (iii)] [Also in Group XXXVIII] An apparatus for measuring the quantity of liquid water contained in a mist having a relative movement with respect to the apparatus comprises means such as the torpedo-shaped body A, for creating a zone of clear air h by the inertia of the droplets of water contained in the mist and deviated by the body A, and two electrically conducting wires a, b, perpendicular to the relative movement and disposed respectively in the mist, g and the clear air zones the wires being electrically heated and means (see Group XXXVIII) being provided for measuring the difference in losses of heat sustained by the two wires, this difference being proportional to the quantity of liquid water contained in the mist.
Patent GB-687965-A (GB)
Title: Formation of a film on a matt surface
IPC: H01J29/28
Filed: 1950-08-24
Abstract: The method of producing a smooth organic film on the screen of the cathoderay tube, described in Specification 698,404, is modified by adding to the solution of film material, before spraying, a spreading agent.  The solution preferably comprises isobutyl methacrylate dissolved in toleuene and acetone and the spreading agent may be machine oil, gentian violet, acetyl peroxide, an ester of acrylic acid &c.
Patent GB-656745-A (GB)
Title: Draught stabilizer for boiler flues
IPC: F23L11/02
Filed: 1948-08-09
Abstract: 656,745. Check draught dampers and explosion fittings for furnaces. SMITH, W. H. Aug. 9, 1948, No. 21002. [Class 51(i)] A combined automatic c check draught damper and explosion door preventing either excessive suction or pressure in a furnace flue comprises a r explosion door 6 pivoted at 7 to a frame 1 disposed d around an opening 3 cut in the flue and formed with a peripheral flange 4, the side edges 5 of which are inclined downwardly and outwardly from the flue wall and a balanced shutter 13 piv. oted at 14 below the lower inturned edge 12 of a flange defining an opening in the door 6. The shutter 13 is weighted at the top 18 and is formed with an adjustable counterbalance weight 15. If desired the door 6 may be held closed by a knurled nut 19 threaded on a rod 20 pivoted at 21 to the frame 1 and passing through a slot 22 in the bottom edge of the door. Specification 373,814 is referred to.
Patent GB-964395-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in combustion systems for gas turbine engines
Inventor: DRAPER JOHN DENNIS
IPC: F23R3/06
Filed: 1962-05-31
Abstract: 964,395. Gas turbine combustion chambers; gas turbine plant. BRISTOL SIDDELEY ENGINES Ltd. May 31, 1963 [May 31, 1962], No. 21028/62. Headings F1G and F1L. A gas turbine engine combustion system comprises at least one flame tube surrounded by an annular outer wall which has an outlet for tapping off air from the passage formed between the wall and the flame tube, and a baffle plate interposed between the flame tube and the outlet and extending at least partially round the flame tube, the baffle plate having perforations the surface density and/or the size of which increases, in successive sectors of the baffle plate, with circumferential distance from the outlet. A gas turbine engine combustion system comprises a series of circumferentially spaced flame tubes 3 to 10, Fig. 3, mounted between inner and outer walls 11, 12, with an annular baffle plate 22 interposed between the flame tubes and air outlets 20, 21 in the wall 12. Part of the air leaving the compressor flows along the wall 59 of each flame tube, Fig. 1, and through perforations 60 to 62, Fig. 4, in sectors 42 to 47 of the baffle 22 remote from the outlets 20, 21. No perforations are provided in sectors 40, 41, 48, 49. Perforations 60 to 62 are positioned between circumferentially spaced rearward supports 27 welded to stiffening plates 58 on the baffle 22. The total surface area of the perforations in each of the sectors 42 to 47 increases with circumferential distance from the outlets 20, 21. Air also flows to the outlets 20, 21 through passages 24, 25. The construction is also applicable to annular flame tubes and reduces overheating of the flame tubes or portions of the flame tube adjacent the air outlets 20, 21.
Patent GB-583575-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in steam generators or water heaters
IPC: F22B13/02
Filed: 1944-11-03
Abstract: 583,575. Steam &c. boilers. CLARKSON THIMBLE TUBE BOILER CO., Ltd., and FOUNTAIN, H. J. Nov. 3, 1944, No. 21604. [Class 123 (ii)] The cylindrical firebox E, of a steam or water boiler of the kind comprising an annular water chamber A defined by outer and inner shells B, C, is provided with loops or closedended water tubes or thimbles D, radiating inwardly from the inner shell C, and with a plurality of mainly vertical tubes H which are expanded at their lower ends into tube holes in the inner shell and extend at their upper ends through said shell or the fire-box crown I and into the steam space of the boiler. In the form shown the upper ends of the tubes H are expanded into tube holes in the fire-box crown and are continued into the steam space by extensions L.
Patent GB-1071733-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sound-absorb ing and sealing material
IPC: G10K11/16
Filed: 1964-05-21
Abstract: 1,071,733. Laminates. MATEC-HOLDING A.G. May 21, 1964 [June 6, 1963], No. 21069/64. Heading B5N. [Also in Division H1] Sound proofing or sealing sheets for cars comprise permanent magnetic material in a meltable bituminous base. The magnetic material holds the sheet to the car body whilst the bituminous material is melted thereon to provide the sound proofing. The magnetic material may be barium, strontium, cobalt or lead ferrite or metal powder, and other fillers such as wood dust, cork powder, textile fibres, asbestos, kaolin or talc may be included in the base. Elastomers (e.g. butyl rubber), plasticizers and oils may also be incorporated in the base. The magnetic material may comprise 10-80% by weight of the total material. A sheet formed as above may be associated with a bitumen layer containing no magnetic material, or with felt, cardboard, absorbent cotton, kapok and foam plastics, to form laminated structures.
Patent GB-771204-A (GB)
Title: Bourdon gauge
IPC: G01L11/00
Filed: 1955-07-21
Abstract: 771,204. Bourdon gauges; indicating- apparatus. MONTRES ROLEX SOC. ANON. July 21, 1955 [June 23, 1954], No. 21111/55. Classes 106 (2) and 106 (4). A Bourdon gauge is provided with two concentric needles each co-operating with a scale, the inner one indicating the subdivision of one division of the outer one. As shown, the free end of the flexible tube is connected by a rod 8 to a pivoted yoke 9 having a toothed sector 17 engaging a pinion 18 on a shaft 19 and subjected to a restoring spring 20, the shaft 19 being connected by gears 21, 22 to a tube 11 bearing the needle 12 of the outer scale and by gears 23, 24 with a shaft 13 concentric with and passing through the tube 11 and bearing the needle 14 of the inner scale. The scales may be borne on the inner face of a glass cover and may be filled with luminous material.
Patent GB-727575-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to regenerative heat-recovering methods for carrying outgaseous chemical reactions
IPC: B01J19/00
Filed: 1951-09-07
Abstract: <PICT:0727575/III/1> Gaseous chemical reactions are carried out by a regenerative heat-recovery method in which the gaseous reactants are compressed to a superatmospheric pressure and passed through a heat regenerative mass, where they are preheated, to a reaction zone, the reaction products being led through a second heat regenerative mass to which they give up heat, and then into a turbine where the pressure energy is utilized; the direction of gas flow through the regenerator masses and reaction zone is periodically reversed. Before passing to the turbine, the product gas may be treated to remove dust, moisture, or a chemical constituent.  The heat regenerative masses consist of packing material which provides narrow passages for the gas, and may contain a catalyst.  In the apparatus shown, waste oxygen-containing gas to be purified is compressed at C and led through regenerative mass R1 to reaction zone L, while a gaseous fuel, e.g. water gas, is compressed at C1, flows through regenerative mass R11 and burns in the reaction zone L; the purified gas gives up heat in regenerative masses R2 and R12 and then passes through cyclone dust separator S to turbine M; adjustment of valves D, D1 reverses the gas flow through the apparatus.  A temperature of about 1,000 DEG  C. is maintained in the reaction zone by regulation of the gaseous fuel feed.  Instead of supplying heat by burning gaseous fuel, electrical heating elements may be provided in the chamber L. The process is also used for the production of nitric oxide from air or oxygen-nitrogen mixtures; air compressed to 3 atmospheres pressure is treated in a chamber to which a gaseous fuel, e.g. natural gas, is introduced to maintain a temperature of 2,000 DEG  C. or more. Specifications 212,671, [Class 51 (i)], 269,711, [Class 55 (ii)], 390,849 and 478,215, [both in Group XII], are referred to.