Patent GB-774080-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in oil-in-water emulsion type textile printing pastes
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1953-05-01
Abstract: An oil-in-water emulsion type paste for use as an extender emulsion in the pigment printing of textile materials or as a carrier in the dyestuff printing of textile materials comprises 47.5-61.5 parts by weight of water containing in solution 0.3-0.8 parts of a water-soluble cellulose ether, the viscosity of which in 2 per cent aqueous solution at 20 DEG  C. is at least 1200 c.p.s., and 38-51.5 parts of a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent.  The cellulose ether may be a methyl cellulose and/or a water-soluble salt of a carboxy-methyl cellulose such as the sodium, ammonium or triethanolamine salt.  The cellulose ether should preferably have a viscosity in 2 per cent aqueous solution of 3000-6000 c.p.s. at 20 DEG  C.  Preferred solvents are aliphatic petroleum spirits, such as white spirits with Kauri butanol values of 33-46 and flash-points of 41-150 DEG  F.  Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluol, xylol and high-flash solvent naphtha may also be used.  There may be used, in admixture with the paste, 0.25-3.5 per cent by weight of a concentrated emulsion of a synthetic resin such as an alkyd resin, e.g. a pentaerythritol alkyd resin prepared with the use of phthalic anhydride and unsaturated fatty oil acids, resinous esters of unsaturated fatty oil acids with polyhydric alkanol derivatives of dinuclear dihydric phenols, styrenated alkyds, styrenated oils, and pentaerythritol esters of fatty acids precondensed with maleic anhydride.  These resins may be used in admixture with amino-aldehyde resins soluble in organic solvents, such as urea- and melamine-formaldehyde resins.  There may also be dissolved in the paste up to 2 per cent, preferably 0.1 to 1 per cent, of a surface-active agent such as sodium lauryl alcohol sulphate, and there may also be added less than 1 per cent, e.g. 0.005-0.100 per cent, of an antifoaming agent such as a silicone compound, sorbitan monolaurate or trioleate or "Emulphor AG." Alternatively 0.5-2 per cent, based on the cellulose ether content, of ammonium thiocyanate may be added.  Suitable compositions may be prepared by dissolving 0.7-1.6 parts by weight of the cellulose ether in 100 parts by weight of water and emulsifying therein 80-110 parts by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon solvent.  In an example, 5.9 parts by weight of a synthetic resin emulsion, 47 parts of a 3 per cent water solution of 4000 cps. methyl cellulose and 47 parts of water are mixed and homogenised, and 100 parts of mineral spirits of flash-point 100 DEG F. and Kauri-butanol value 44-46 are gradually added to the mixture with stirring.  The synthetic resin emulsion consists of a solution of a polyester of dehydrated castor oil fatty acids with an alcohol obtained by condensing bis-phenol and epichlorhydrin and of a melamine-formaldehyde resin in a mixture of xylol and butyl alcohol, this solution being emulsified with an aqueous solution of sodium lauryl sulphate, ammonia, casein and low viscosity type sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose.  The emulsion may be employed for printing direct vat, Rapidogens, Indigosols or acid dyes on fabrics, and it may also be employed, with the addition of a reducing agent, as a discharge printing paste. Specification 774,078 is referred to.ALSO:An oil-in-water emulsion type paste for use as an extender emulsion in the pigment printing of textile materials or as a carrier in the dyestuff printing of textile materials comprises 47.5-61.5 parts by weight of water containing in solution 0.3-0.8 parts of a water-soluble cellulose ether, the viscosity of which in 2 per cent aqueous solution at 20 DEG C. is at least 1200 cps, and 38-51.5 parts of a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent.  The cellulose ether may be a methyl cellulose and/or a water soluble salt of a carboxy-methyl cellulose such as the sodium, ammonium or triethanolamine salt.  The cellulose ether should preferably have a viscosity in 2 per cent aqueous solution of 3000-6000 cps. at 20 DEG C.  Preferred solvents are aliphatic petroleum spirits, such as white spirits with Kauri-butanol values of 33-46 and flash points of 41-150 DEG F.  Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluol, xylol and high flash solvent naphtha may also be used.  There may be used, in admixture with the paste, 0.25-3.5 per cent by weight of a concentrated emulsion of a synthetic resin such as an alkyd resin, e.g. a pentaerythritol alkyd resin prepared with the use of phthalic anhydride and unsaturated fatty oil acids, resinous esters of unsaturated fatty oil acids with polyhydric alkanol derivatives of dinuclear dihydric phenols, styrenated alkyds, styrenated oils, and pentaerythritol esters of fatty acids pre-condensed with maleic anhydride.  These resins may be used in admixture with amino-aldehyde resins soluble in organic solvents, such as urea-and melamine-formaldehyde resins.  There may also be dissolved in the paste up to 2 per cent, preferably 0.1 to 1 per cent, of a surface-active agent such as sodium lauryl alcohol sulphate, and there may also be added less than 1 per cent, e.g. 0.005-0.100 per cent, of an antifoaming agent such as a silicone compound, sorbitan monolaurate or trioleate or "Emulphor AG". Alternatively 0.5-2 per cent, based on the cellulose ether content, of ammonium thiocyanate may be added.  Suitable compositions may be prepared by dissolving 0.7-1.6 parts by weight of the cellulose ether in 100 parts by weight of water and emulsifying therein 80-110 parts by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon solvent.  In an example, 5.9 parts by weight of a synthetic resin emulsion, 47 parts of a 3 per cent water solution of 4000 cps. methyl cellulose and 47 parts of water are mixed and homogenized, and 100 parts of mineral spirits of flash point 100 DEG F. and Kauri-butanol value 44-46 are gradually added to the mixture with stirring.  The synthetic resin emulsion consists of a solution of a polyester of dehydrated castor oil fatty acids with an alcohol obtained by condensing bis-phenol and epichlorhydrin and of a melamine-formaldehyde resin in a mixture of xylol and butyl alcohol, this solution being emulsified with an aqueous solution of sodium lauryl sulphate, ammonia, casein and low viscosity type sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose.  The emulsion may be employed for printing direct vat, Rapidogens, or Indigosols or acid dyes on fabrics and it may also be employed, with the addition of a reducing agent, as a discharge printing paste. Specification 774,078 is referred to.