baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20160122475-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE JUNG HAN
IPC: H01L29/66
Filed: 2015-04-14
Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device having excellent characteristics. The semiconductor device includes: a plurality of active fins which are defined by a device isolation film formed on a substrate, and each of which extends in a first direction; a gate structure which extends in a second direction crossing the first direction and is disposed on the active fins and the device isolation film; and a gate spacer structure for covering a side wall of the gate structure. A side wall of a first portion of the gate structure formed on the device isolation film includes: a first region having a first slope with respect to the top surface of the substrate; a second region having a second slope which gradually increases from a value less than the first slope as the height increases from the top surface of the substrate; and a third region having a third slope greater than the second slope.
Patent KR-20160124523-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM DAE IK
IPC: H04L29/08
Filed: 2015-04-20
Abstract: 본 발명은 MAC의 한 블록에서 모두 수행하였던 Subframe Block의 기능을 나누어, 제어 평면(Control Plane)을 위한 Subframe 기능은 Scheduler에서 수행하고, 사용자 평면(User Plane)을 위한 Subframe 기능만을 MAC의 서브프레임 블록이 수행하는 구조를 이용하여, 전체적인 메시지 절차를 간소화하고, Scheduler에서 하향링크의 스케줄링 정보를 RLC로 전송하여 MAC과 RLC 간의 메시지 절차를 간소화해 MAC의 복잡도를 줄여서 MAC의 서브프레임 블록에서는 사용자 데이터의 송수신의 기능을 주로 수행하게 함으로써, 많은 단말들의 사용자 데이터를 효율적으로 처리하여 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는, 소형셀 기지국에서 사용자 단말에 하향링크 및 상향링크 데이터 서비스를 제공하는 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20160127547-A (KR)
Inventor: PAE MUN KYU
IPC: G06F17/30
Filed: 2015-04-27
Abstract: 본 발명의 바람직한 일 실시예로서, 동적 시퀀싱을 수행하는 어레이시퀀서(Array sequencer)를 이용하는 데이터베이스에서, 상기 어레이시퀀서는 개별객체가 속해있는 그룹을 표시하는 그룹시퀀서; 및 상기 그룹시퀀서 내에 포함된 각각의 개별객체의 위치를 표시하는 객체인덱서; 를 포함하고, 상기 어레이시퀀서는 상기 그룹시퀀서를 조회하고, 이 후 상기 객체인덱서를 조회하여 개별객체의 값에 직접 액세스하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20160127550-A (KR)
Inventor: YOON SUNG SHIN
IPC: E04B1/343
Filed: 2015-04-27
Abstract: Disclosed is a frame structure for an assembly type booth. According to the present invention, the frame structure for the assembly type booth comprises: a base panel unit forming an outer side of an assembly wall for an assembly type booth; and a sleeve formed on an end portion of the base panel unit, wherein fabric forming a wall surface of the assembly wall for an assembly type booth is inserted to be fixated. According to the present invention, shade is hardly generated by the frame structure installed inside the assembly wall for an assembly type booth, thereby securing information displayed through an assembly wall surface and continuity of various visual images.
Patent KR-20160128864-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus for winch test
Inventor: LEE GYE GWANG
IPC: G01L5/10
Filed: 2015-04-29
Abstract: The present invention relates to a winch test device capable of testing a performance of a winch using minimum space; reducing time and costs for installation without being fixated to the ground; and inducing automatic safe breakage when receiving a load which is not less than a limit value. According to the present invention, the winch test device comprises: a frame part; a winch part fixated to the frame part to be connected with an end of a wire, winding or unwinding the wire using a predetermined operational force; a support fixated to the frame part by including a cylinder unit, connected with the other end of the wire, and supporting the other end of the wire using a support force against a tension generated when the wire is being wound; and a control part controlling the operational force and the support force. If the operational force exceeds the support force, a piston rod of the cylinder unit is forcibly withdrawn in a direction in which the tension is applied.
Patent KR-20160129584-A (KR)
Title: Electrolyte for rechargeable lithium battery and rechargeable lithium battery including the same
Inventor: SHIM EUN GI
IPC: H01M10/052
Filed: 2015-04-30
Abstract: Provided are an electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same with improved lifespan at high temperatures under a high voltage. The electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery of the present invention includes lithium salt, an organic solvent, and an additive, and the additive includes a phosphonate based compound represented by chemical formula 1, a phosphonoacetate based compound represented by chemical formula 3, and a phosphite based compound represented by chemical formula 5. In the chemical formula 1, 3, and 5, each substituent is same as defined in the present specification.
Patent KR-20160130569-A (KR)
Title: 다용도 구명조끼
Inventor: KIM YOUNG KYUN
IPC: B63C9/11
Filed: 2015-05-04
Abstract: 다용도 구명조끼가 개시된다. 본 발명의 다용도 구명조끼는, 구명조끼의 목도리에 구비되고 일측에 제1 개방부가 형성된 제1 포켓부 및 상기 제1 포켓부에 보관되는 모자 또는 목워머를 포함하고, 상기 제1 포켓부에 형성된 제1 개방부를 매개로 상기 모자 또는 목워머를 보관하거나 끄내어 사용할 수 있도록 구성함으로써, 비, 눈 또는 바람 등으로 머리를 보호하기 위해서 목도리 내부에 보관하고 있는 모자를 착용하거나, 햇빛이 강할 경우 목도리 내부에 보관하고 있는 목워머를 손쉽게 사용할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20150133652-A (KR)
Title: Compressing diaphragm pump with multiple effects
Inventor: CAI YING LIN
IPC: F04B45/04
Filed: 2015-05-19
Abstract: A compression diaphragm pump with complex effects according to the present invention comprises: an eccentric roundel mount having three cylindrical eccentric roundels; a pump head body having three operating holes; and a diaphragm membrane having three annular positioning protrusions. A basic curved groove or other positioning structure is circumferentially disposed around each operating hole while a basic curved protrusion or other mating positioning structure is provided in the diaphragm membrane for suitably mounting with the corresponding groove or positioning structure in the pump head body upon assembly. Consequently, in comparison with a conventional compressing diaphragm pump, a length of moment arm from the basic curved protrusions or other positioning structures and an annular positioning protrusion is shortened, and vibration-caused noise and resonant shaking are reduced. The cylindrical eccentric roundels each comprises a sloped top ring extending between an annular positioning groove and a vertical or inverted frustoconical flank of the eccentric roundel mount. Consequently, usage lifespan of the compressing diaphragm pump is extended.
Patent KR-20150138020-A (KR)
Title: Self-assembling polymers-vi
Inventor: AAMER KHALED ABDEL HAKIM HELMY
IPC: C08J5/18
Filed: 2015-05-20
Abstract: Disclosed is a self-assembling diblock copolymer of chemical formula (i): wherein r1-r4, n, and m are as described in the specification, which find use in preparing a self-assembled structure and a porous membrane. Embodiments of the self-assembled structure contain the diblock copolymer in a cylindrical morphology. Also disclosed is a method of preparing such a copolymer.
Patent KR-20160141063-A (KR)
Title: Light emitting device package and manufacturing method of the same
Inventor: LEE DONG KUK
IPC: H01L33/36
Filed: 2015-05-27
Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a light emitting device package includes: a substrate; a light emitting device having a first conductive semiconductor layer stacked on the substrate, an active layer, and a second conductive semiconductor layer; a reflective metal layer disposed on the light emitting structure; and a metal electrode disposed on the reflective metal layer and having a first electrode and a second electrode separated from each other in a first area. The first electrode and the second electrode electrically insulates from the reflective metal layer and penetrates the reflective metal layer in a plurality of second areas different from the first area.
Patent KR-20160139973-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus for adjustment of gear backlash
Inventor: YOON CHEOL GYU
IPC: F16H57/022
Filed: 2015-05-29
Abstract: Disclosed is an invention relating to an apparatus for an adjustment of a gear backlash. The apparatus for an adjustment of a gear backlash according to the present invention includes: a motor unit having a rotation shaft; a driving gear unit coupled to the rotation shaft and having a gear teeth formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof; a driven gear having gear teeth formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof so as to be engaged with the gear teeth of the driving gear; and a distance adjusting unit which is connected to the motor unit and adjusts a distance between a rotation center shaft of the driving gear and a rotation center shaft of the driven gear by moving the rotation shaft.
Patent KR-20160141398-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK JONG JIN
IPC: H01Q1/38
Filed: 2015-05-31
Abstract: 본 발명에 따라 탑 금속데코(20), 분절 금속커버(31) 및 리어 금속커버(32)는 각각 슬릿(Silt; S)에 의해 분리될 수 있도록 하고, 이러한 슬릿(S)을 통해 탑 금속데코(20), 분절 금속커버(31) 및 리어 금속커버(32)의 독립된 구성을 본 발명에서는 저주파대역의 NFC 안테나(40), 제1∼제3고주파대역의 무선통신안테나(71∼73)로서 구현코자 한 휴대 단말기용 안테나 구조에 관한 발명이다.
Patent KR-20160142497-A (KR)
Title: 슬러브 타입 공기교락가공사의 제조방법
Inventor: JEONG JONG WON
IPC: D02G3/44
Filed: 2015-06-03
Abstract: 본 발명의 슬리브 타입 공기교락가공사는 합성 멀티필라멘트 1~6가닥이 공기교락가공 되면서 공기교락가공사의 길이 방향을 따라 세섬도 부분(B) 보다 상대적으로 굵기가 굵은 태섬도 부분(A)과 상기 태섬도 부분(A) 보다 상대적으로 굵기가 가는 세섬도 부분(B)을 교호로 반복 형성하고 있으며, 상기 태섬도 부분(A)의 길이(L1)가 15~100㎝인 것을 특징으로한다. 
본 발명은 면직물과 비슷한 촉감, 외관 및 광택을 발현하는 직물 제조용 원사로 유용하다. 
본 발명의 슬리브 타입 공기교락가공사를 경사 및/또는 위사로 사용하여 제직된 직물은 아웃도어용 의류용 소재 등으로 유용하다.
Patent KR-20150140579-A (KR)
Inventor: HESS DIETER
IPC: F01M1/02
Filed: 2015-06-04
Abstract: Disclosed is a lubricant pump (1) to lubricate a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, which has multiple lubricant outlets (10) to supply a lubricant through multiple pistons (4). The lubricant pump (1) comprises at least one actuating chamber (20) for the pistons (4). Pressure fluid can be supplied to the actuating chambers, and pressure can be applied to the pistons (4) by the pressure fluid. The pistons (4) are connected to each other through at least one synchronization member (26).
Patent KR-20160144057-A (KR)
Title: filter of cigarette and method for manufacturing thereof
Inventor: PARK SEONG YONG
IPC: A24D3/06
Filed: 2015-06-08
Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a cigarette filter. The method comprises: a first step of preparing and extending a filter tow; a second step of calcining the extended tow; a third step of feeding the calcined tow through a feeding port of a cylindrical outer mold having a penetration hole forming mold disposed in the inner central part thereof to form a hollow part; and a fourth step of pressing the fed tow in a narrow pipe part disposed in the central part of the outer mold, heating and hardening the tow ejected through a discharge hole by passing the same between the penetration hole forming mold and the outer mold disposed in the inner central part thereof, and producing a hollow filter by cooling the heated and hardened tow by compressed air.
Patent KR-20160146270-A (KR)
Title: Soaking time control method of electric cooker
Inventor: LEE SOON SEOK
IPC: A47J27/08
Filed: 2015-06-12
Abstract: The present invention relates to a soaking time control method of an electric cooker, which controls soaking time based on the external temperature of the electric cooker. The method comprises the steps of: sensing the external temperature of the electric cooker; and soaking rice during the set time according to external temperature. Accordingly, rice is cooked after being soaked during the right time to the external temperature of the electric cooker, so it makes steamed rice taste good.
Patent KR-20160148317-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM BYOUNG KYU
IPC: B66F9/075
Filed: 2015-06-16
Abstract: 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 작업기계용 커넥터 장치는, 운전석이 마련되는 몸체에 연결되며, 복수의 단으로 이루어지는 마스트를 구비하는 작업기계용 커넥터 장치에 있어서, 상기 몸체에 연결되는 커넥터 본체; 및 상기 마스트의 폭에 대응하도록, 상기 커넥터 본체의 양측에 돌출되어 길이가 조정되는 길이조절부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 
본 발명에 따른 작업기계용 커넥터 장치는, 하나의 작업기계용 커넥터 장치에 다양한 치수를 가진 여러 마스트를 장착할 수 있도록 하여, 마스트를 장착하기 위한 설계를 지게차의 단에 따라 설계할 필요가 없어 설계 및 조립이 단순화될 수 있으므로 작업공수가 줄어 작업효율이 향상될 수 있고, 초기 설계에 관계없이 길이조절부를 통해 마스트의 폭에 대응시킬 수 있어 마스트의 종류를 변경하는 것이 가능하다.
Patent KR-20160148892-A (KR)
Title: CNC laser cutting machine
Inventor: LEE BYUNG MIN
IPC: B23K26/38
Filed: 2015-06-17
Abstract: Provided is an apparatus of adjusting an alignment of a CNC laser cutting machine capable of accurately emitting a laser to a cutting target point of a workpiece by being installed in a front end of a laser tube. The apparatus of adjusting alignment checks which a red light emitted from the apparatus of adjusting alignment accurately passes through a center of a passing hole of a head unit, and then emits a laser light to the workpiece by operating the laser tube. The apparatus of adjusting the alignment of the CNC laser cutting machine comprises: a laser tube emitting a laser light to cut a workpiece in a horizontal direction; at least one reflective plate reflecting the laser light emitted from the laser tube to the workpiece installed in a bottom; and a head unit having a passing hole through which the laser light emitted from the laser tube passes through the workpiece. A main body in which a light source emitting the red light to a power applied from the outside is installed and detachably coupled to the front end of the laser tube. A center hole penetrates the center of the front end of the main body, and at least one side hole is formed along a circumferential surface of the center hole. While the red light emitted from the light source passes through the center hole and the side hole, the red light is emitted to the workpiece; thereby the apparatus of adjusting the alignment of the CNC laser cutting machine is able to check whether the red light passes through the center of the passing hole of the head unit.
Patent KR-20160149533-A (KR)
Title: 이형 복합수지 고주파 유도 가열과 정량 제어장치
Inventor: KIM HO IL
IPC: H05B6/06
Filed: 2015-06-18
Abstract: 본 발명은 이형 복합수지(HDPE(폴리에틸렌)+철광석을 일정 비율로 배합하여 만든 특수 자재임)를 급속 가열하여 프레스 성형을 하기 위해 꼭 필요한 급속 가열장비와 프레스 성형 금형에 정량으로 이형 복합수지를 공급할 수 있는 공급장치에 관한 기술이다.                                                                급속 가열이 가능한 가열열원으로 고주파 유도 가열방식을 적용하는 것이며, 원료에 정량공급을 위해 스크류 방식과 로드 셀 방식을 복합 적용하여 정량 이송과 중량을 측정하여 정량 원료 공급 장치를 복합적으로 제어하는 장치에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20150145727-A (KR)
Title: Kluyveromyces marxianus deficient in the lactic acid utilization pathway and use thereof
Inventor: SOHN JUNG HOON
IPC: C12P7/56
Filed: 2015-06-19
Abstract: The present invention, with respect to Kluyveromyces marxianus, relates to a Kluyveromyces marxianus mutant strain of which oxidized D-lactate dehydrogenase is inactivated, and to a method for producing lactic acid by means of the strain.
Patent KR-20170000617-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK JOO SHIN
IPC: B63B29/02
Filed: 2015-06-24
Abstract: An accommodation wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first flank forming the inner surface of accommodation; a second flank forming the outer surface of the accommodation, the second flank formed to be spaced apart from the first flank; a reinforcement portion provided between the first flank and the second flank, the reinforcement portion being respectively coupled to the first flank and the second flank; and a fixing member for fixing the second flank, the reinforcement portion, and the first flank.
Patent KR-20170006705-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE JANG CHUL
IPC: A44B18/00
Filed: 2015-07-09
Abstract: The present invention relates to a coupling structure for a plurality of objects. The present invention includes a plate-shaped first coupling structure (100) with which a first object is coupled and a plate-shaped second coupling structure (200) with which a second object is coupled. The first coupling structure (100) is provided with a first coupling surface (110) and the second coupling structure (200) is provided with a second coupling surface (210) so that the first coupling structure (100) and the second coupling structure (200) are detachably coupled with each other and face each other. A plurality of coupling projection portions (120) are formed to protrude from the first coupling surface (110) for detachably pressing and coupling with respect to the second coupling surface (210). The second coupling surface (210) is provided with a plurality of rail-shaped coupling rail portions (220) for detachably and correspondingly pressing and coupling with respect to the coupling projection portions (120).
Patent KR-20170008549-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM KI JU
IPC: B60K17/28
Filed: 2015-07-14
Abstract: According to the present invention, an oil cooling system for a power drawing device for driving a fire pump comprises: an oil circulation line connected to a pipe circulating from one side of a power drawing device to the other side facing the one side to discharge gear oil in the power drawing device through the one side and then insert the gear oil into the other side facing the one side along the pipe; an oil pump mounted on the power drawing device to receive a rotational force and connected to the oil circulation line to insert the gear oil discharged by the power drawing device through the oil circulation line connected to one side thereof and then transport the gear oil to the oil circulation line connected to the other side thereof to forcibly circulate the gear oil along the oil circulation line; and an oil cooler which is arranged on the oil circulation line and cools the inserted gear oil to discharge the gear oil. The gear oil accommodated in the power drawing device passes through a cooling coil while the gear oil is forcibly circulated to the oil pump to eliminate a conventional need for a coolant to simplify a structure to facilitate operation and management. A coolant does not need to be discharged to a road surface or the outside to prevent waste of fire water. The structure is simple to have compatibility applicable to a conventional power drawing device.
Patent KR-20170010574-A (KR)
Title: Information processing apparatus, image processsing apparatus and control methods thereof
Inventor: AHN YOUNG JOON
IPC: G06F9/44
Filed: 2015-07-20
Abstract: An information processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a storage unit which stores a main program of an application to be installed in an application execution device and first resource data including data of a plurality of attributes about the execution of the main program; and at least one processor which generates second resource data with a smaller data size than the first resource data by excluding the data of at least one attribute with a relatively low use level when the main program is executed, among the plurality of attributes of the first resource data, and generates a package program for installing an application including the generated second resource data and the main program. Accordingly, the present invention can optimize data in an application package.
Patent KR-20170011057-A (KR)
Title: Unit for supplying mineral
Inventor: HONG JIN PYO
IPC: C02F1/68
Filed: 2015-07-21
Abstract: The present invention relates to a mineral supply unit which supplies a mineral to produce mineral water. According to the present invention, provided is the mineral supply unit comprising: a mineral cartridge which accommodates a mineral; a mineral cartridge cap which is coupled to an opening of the mineral cartridge, and which includes an outlet hole configured to discharge the mineral and an opening and closing member configured to selectively open the outlet hole through elevation and lowering thereof; and a mineral cartridge accommodation part on which the mineral cartridge cap is detachably mounted, and which includes a protruding member configured to protrude from a location corresponding to that of the opening and closing member and press the opening and closing member and a sealing member configured to be disposed on a bottom surface of the mineral cartridge accommodation part and come into contact with the cartridge cap. When the mineral cartridge cap is fastened to the mineral cartridge accommodation part, a thickness of an overlap portion over which the sealing member overlaps the mineral cartridge cap is greater than a length that the opening and closing member is pressed by the protruding member.
Patent KR-20170012683-A (KR)
Title: Display device
Inventor: KANG KI NYENG
IPC: G09G3/32
Filed: 2015-07-22
Abstract: A display device includes a display region including a plurality of pixel circuits arranged in a first direction and a second direction, a plurality of gate lines extended in the first direction and connected to the plurality of pixel circuits, and a gate driver connected to the plurality of gate lines and disposed in the display region. So, a limit of the design of a display part can be reduced.
Patent KR-20160017623-A (KR)
Inventor: AHN JUNG CHAK
IPC: H01L21/762
Filed: 2015-08-03
Abstract: A pixel of a backside illuminated (BSI) image sensor comprises: a semiconductor substrate including a first surface and a second surface; a photoelectric conversion region formed between the first surface and the second surface and configured to generate charges in response to incident light received through the second surface; first trench-type isolated regions configured to surround the photoelectric conversion region and vertically extended from the second surface; a floating diffusion region formed below the photoelectric conversion region in the semiconductor substrate; and a transmission gate vertically extended from the first surface to the photoelectric conversion region and configured to transmit the charges of the photoelectric conversion region to the floating diffusion region. The first trench-type isolated regions comprise negative charge materials.
Patent KR-20170016692-A (KR)
Title: 팬 모터
Inventor: JANG JEONG CHEOL
IPC: H02K7/14
Filed: 2015-08-04
Abstract: 본 발명은 냉장고의 냉기를 외부로 방출하게 하거나, 항온항습기 등 장치 내부와 외부의 공기를 순환시키기 위하여 사용하는 팬 모터에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 팬 모터의 구동용 전원선의 조립을 신속하고도 유동성 없이 편의적으로 조립할 수 있게 함과 동시에 외부의 습기침투를 최대한 방지할 수 있도록 하는 팬 모터 조립 구조에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 팬 모터는 하부 케이스 내부 중심에 설치한 로터 중앙에 베어링에 의해 끼워진 회전축과; 상기 로터 외측 둘레에 방사상으로 배치한 스테이터와; 상기 스테이터 상, 하부 각각에 끼워진 상, 하부 절연체와; 상기 하부 케이스와 결합하는 상부 케이스를 포함하여 구성되는 팬 모터에 있어서, 상기 하부 케이스 외측에 끼움 환테를 돌출형성하고, 상기 하부 케이스의 끼움 환테에 대응하는 상부 케이스의 외측에 끼움 요입부를 형성하여 상기 끼움 환테와 끼움 요입부를 초음파 융착 시켜 결합하되, 상기 상부 절연체 상방의 코일 가이드에 전원선 유동 방지 끼움구를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20170019637-A (KR)
Title: Multi-input device
Inventor: KIM YOUNG SEOK
IPC: G06F3/03
Filed: 2015-08-12
Abstract: Provided is an inexpensive multi-input device having a high level of user convenience. According to the present invention, the multi-input device comprises: a keyboard input device; and an infrared touch input device installed in the keyboard input device.
Patent KR-20170021619-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JUN HO
IPC: H01B13/00
Filed: 2015-08-18
Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible transparent electrode with an AZO/Ag/AZO multilayered structure and, more specifically, to a flexible transparent electrode including a Ag metal layer and ZnO layers stacked on the top and the underside of the Ag metal layer separately. The thickness of the Ag metal layer is 15-23 nm. The thickness of the ZnO layer on which aluminum is doped is 15-60 nm. According to the present invention, the flexible transparent electrode having high transmittance compared to an existing ITO electrode and low-face resistance can be manufactured through a room-temperature depositing process. Accordingly, the flexible transparent electrode, which can be manufactured directly on a polymer substrate without high-temperature thermal treatment, can be provided.
Patent KR-20170022322-A (KR)
Title: Composition for cleaning solar cell panel and auto-cleaning solar cell panel using the same
Inventor: HER YOUNG CHUL
IPC: C11D3/04
Filed: 2015-08-20
Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for cleaning solar cell panels and an auto-cleaning solar cell panel using the same, wherein the composition comprises: at least one metal salt selected from a group consisting of sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride; a polyhydric alcohol having 2-6 carbon atoms; a sulfonate-based anionic surfactant; and a metal chelating agent containing a ligand represented by chemical formula 1. In the chemical formula 1, R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1-20 carbon atoms.