baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2014110786-A1 (WO)
Title: Data transmission method and device
Inventor: MIAO JINHUA
IPC: H04L47/27
Filed: 2013-01-18
Abstract: The present invention relates to a data transmission method and device. The data transmission method comprises: acquiring associated count values of received protocol data units (PDUs), wherein the received PDUs are PDUs received by a first data link layer from N data streams of a second data link layer, and N≥2; determining N candidate count values, wherein the N candidate count values are one-to-one corresponding to the N data streams, and the candidate count value is a maximum value of the associated count values of the PDUs received from each data stream; selecting a minimum value from the N candidate count values as a count value that can be submitted currently; and when the associated count value of the received PDU meets a submitting condition set according to the count value that can be submitted currently, submitting the PDU of which the associated count value meets the submitting condition to an upper communication layer of the first data link layer.
Patent WO-2014048087-A1 (WO)
Title: Concrete heat insulation curtain wall system
Inventor: QI LIANGSHAN
IPC: E04B2/88
Filed: 2013-03-12
Abstract: A concrete heat insulation curtain wall system. An inner side of a heat insulation plate is arranged on an outer side of a main structural layer; the outer side is connected to the inner side of a concrete curtain wall layer; and a reinforcing mat net piece is arranged in the concrete curtain wall layer. A connecting piece is penetratingly arranged in the concrete curtain wall layer, heat insulation plate and main structural layer. The connecting piece is connected to the concrete curtain wall layer, heat insulation plate and main structural layer through a U-shaped clamping ring, wherein a baffle is arranged on the connecting piece and the baffle is arranged in the main structural layer and contacted with the heat insulation plate. A cushion block is arranged in the concrete curtain wall layer and arranged on the reinforcing mat net piece in clamping mode, and the cushion block is integrally connected to the reinforcing mat net piece and heat insulation plate through a plastic strip or iron wire. A heat insulation module comprises the insulation plate, reinforcing mat net piece and cushion block. The curtain wall is simple and clear in stress system, greatly reduces cold bridges, and is novel and unique in structure and convenient to construct.
Patent WO-2013152695-A1 (WO)
Title: Friction apparatus for generating electrical energy
Inventor: WANG ZHONGLIN
IPC: G01L1/16
Filed: 2013-04-07
Abstract: A friction apparatus for generating electrical energy comprises: a first electrode, a second electrode and an intervening thin film (3) , wherein the first electrode comprises a first high molecular polymer insulation layer (2) of which one side surface is provided with a conductive film (1) ; the second electrode comprises a second high molecular polymer insulation layer (4) of which one side surface is provided with a conductive film (1) ; the intervening thin film (3) is a third high molecular polymer insulation layer of which one side surface is provided with a concave-convex micro-nano structure; the intervening thin film (3) integrates with the second electrode with the side surface without the concave-convex micro-nano structure being fixed on the other side surface without the conductive film (1) of the second high molecular polymer insulation layer (4) ; on the second electrode, the surface of the concave-convex micro-nano structure of the intervening thin film (3) and the surface without the conductive film (1) of the first electrode are oppositely fit and are mutually fixedly connected; and the conductive film (1) of the first high molecular polymer insulation layer (2) and the conductive film (1) of the second high molecular polymer insulation layer (4) are both the output electrodes of the friction apparatus for generating electrical energy.
Patent WO-2013155987-A1 (WO)
Title: Illumination device
Inventor: CHEN MINGYUN
IPC: F21Y101/02
Filed: 2013-04-19
Abstract: An illumination device (1) comprises a light-emitting device (11) and a power supply group (13). The power supply group (13) comprises a current conversion device (133), at least one electrical storage device (134) and a control circuit (135). The current conversion device (133) is used for receiving a mains supply (20), and the current conversion device (133) and at least one electrical storage device (134) are electrically connected to the light-emitting device (11) for supplying power to the light-emitting device (11). The control circuit (135) is electrically connected to the current conversion device (133) and at least one electrical storage device (134). When the mains supply (20) is in a power supply state, the control circuit (135) can alternatively control either the current conversion device (133) or the at least one electrical storage device (134) to supply power to the light-emitting device (11); and when the mains supply (20) is in a power-off state, the control circuit (135) controls at least one electrical storage device (134) to supply power to the light-emitting device (11). Therefore, the illumination device (1) can achieve maximum energy benefit.
Patent WO-2014040420-A1 (WO)
Title: Method for automatically putting picture upright according to picture content in terminal device
Inventor: CHENG JUN
IPC: G06K9/00
Filed: 2013-04-28
Abstract: Disclosed is a method for automatically putting a picture upright according to the picture content in a terminal device, comprising the steps of: a. a system analyzing the content of a picture to extract key information about the picture; b. calculating the key information into a weight value, and calculating key information weight value sums in four directions respectively; c. comparing the key information weight value sums in the four directions to obtain a direction with the maximum weight value; and d. putting the picture in an upright position according to the direction with the maximum weight value. The present invention judges in which direction a picture should be put upright by means of its own content, which does not require a user to manually rotate the picture, can also avoid the problem that a gravity sensor fails in error correction, and need not depend on a sensor, and can be applied to both mobile devices and home computers.
Patent WO-2014179992-A1 (WO)
Title: User plane event processing method, pcrf entity, and af entity
Inventor: WANG SHUO
IPC: H04L29/08
Filed: 2013-05-10
Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a user plane event processing method, a PCRF entity, and an AF entity. The method comprises: a policy and charging rule function (PCRF) entity establishing a long connection with an application function (AF) entity; the PCRF entity reporting, on the established long connection, a first user plane event and a second user plane event to the AF entity, the first user plane event and the second user plane event being non-null user plane events. In the method provided in the embodiment, by establishing a long connection with an AF entity, a PCRF entity reports, on the established long connection, a first user plane event and a second user plane event to the AF entity, a non-null plane event is restrained from being sent, and accordingly, it is not required to established a connection each time when there is a user plane event needing to reported, and a non-null user plane event does not need to be sent, thereby reducing the network signaling overhead.
Patent WO-2014067281-A1 (WO)
Title: Tapentadol hydrochloride crystalline form c and preparation method and use thereof
Inventor: XU ZIAO
IPC: A61K31/137
Filed: 2013-05-14
Abstract: Disclosed is a tapentadol hydrochloride crystalline form C having high stability and having characteristic peaks at 14.627 (100%), 15.476 (20.7%), 16.710 (33.7%), 18.999 (48.3%), 20.479 (80.7%), 21.790 (27.9%), 25.110 (35.2%), 25.911 (36.4%), 26.292 (58.5%), 27.385 (32.8%) and 27.77 (37.5%) represented by diffraction angle 2θ, as shown in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern; also provided are a preparation method and use of the crystalline form; preparation of the tapentadol hydrochloride crystalline form by using the method is characterized by high repeatability and strong operability. The tapentadol hydrochloride may be used to prepare a pharmaceutical composition, and has important significance for use in preparation of drugs for treating pains or urinary incontinence.
Patent WO-2014134895-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HE ZHAO
IPC: G06F3/044
Filed: 2013-07-08
Abstract: L'invention concerne un écran tactile comprenant : un premier substrat isolant transparent ; un second substrat isolant transparent comprenant une première surface faisant face au premier substrat isolant transparent et une seconde surface opposée à la première surface ; une couche d'électrodes d'induction agencée entre le premier substrat isolant transparent et le second substrat isolant transparent, la couche d'électrodes d'induction comprenant plusieurs électrodes d'induction agencées de manière indépendante, et chaque électrode d'induction comprenant un circuit de grille électriquement conducteur ; et une couche d'électrodes de commande agencée sur l'une ou l'autre de la première surface et de la seconde surface du second substrat isolant transparent, la couche d'électrodes de commande comprenant des électrodes de commande agencées de manière indépendante. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication de l'écran tactile. L'écran tactile a un faible coût et une grande sensibilité.
Patent WO-2014012513-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种用于立体影像激光曝光系统的多棱镜机构及其方法
Inventor: GU JINCHANG
IPC: G02B26/10
Filed: 2013-07-19
Abstract: 一种用于立体影像激光曝光系统的多棱镜机构，包括一曝光母板（1），一激光控制发射单元（2），曝光母板（1）上设一多棱镜机构（3）、一镜头（4）、一角度转接反射镜（5）、一光检测反射镜（6）、一光检测装置（7）、三个声光驱动控制器（8）、一激光驱动控制板（11）、多根支撑柱（9）和反光镜（10）；激光控制发射单元（2）通过螺母固定在支撑柱（9）上，使激光控制发射单元（2）叠合安装在曝光母板（1）上；镜头（4）具有一入光面和一出光面，激光控制发射单元（2）上设有三个相互平行的激光发生组（21），激光发生组（21）包括一声光调制器（212）、一光阀（213）、一方向镜（217）、一光学扩缩镜（214）、一激光反射镜（215）、一汇光反射镜（216）；该多棱镜机构具有结构合理简单、性能稳定、使用方便、冲印的立体图像效果好且色彩艳丽等优点。
Patent WO-2014026547-A1 (WO)
Title: Active usb device and switching method for operating mode thereof
Inventor: LU XUAN
IPC: G06F9/445
Filed: 2013-07-31
Abstract: Disclosed are an active USB device and a switching method for the operating mode thereof. The switching method for the operating mode of a USB device comprises: connecting a USB device to a first host device, the USB device being in a composite device multiport mode; disconnecting the USB device from the first host device, the USB device maintaining an ON-state; and when it is detected that the USB device is disconnected from the first host device, the USB device switching from the composite device multiport mode to a single compact disk mode. The switching method for the operating mode of a USB device of the present invention can enable a USB device to be capable of installing a driver indiscriminately and completely in various complex application environments, improving the user experience.
Patent WO-2014063535-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种移动终端阅读与社交网络融合的方法和装置
Inventor: LI CHUANJIU
IPC: H04L29/06
Filed: 2013-09-06
Abstract: 一种移动终端阅读与社交网络融合的方法和装置。所述方法包括：建立移动终端和社交网络之间的网络连接；所述移动终端的阅读门户记录与阅读相关的行为信息，并将所述行为信息发布到所述社交网络的社交平台，其中，所述行为信息包含动态链接数据；以及通过显示在所述社交平台上的动态链接进入所述移动终端的阅读门户。
Patent WO-2015014017-A1 (WO)
Title: 终端、负载平衡方法和负载平衡装置
Inventor: DAI GANG
IPC: G06F12/16
Filed: 2013-09-26
Abstract: 本发明提供了一种终端，包括：第一处理器和第二处理器，用于分别对所述终端内的数据进行处理；共享存储器，同时连接至所述第一处理器和所述第二处理器，用于所述第一处理器和所述第二处理器对处理后的第二类型的业务数据进行存储；独立存储器，仅连接至所述第一处理器，用于所述第一处理器对处理后的第一类型的业务数据进行存储。本发明还提出了一种负载平衡方法和一种负载平衡装置。通过本发明的技术方案，可以使得终端内不同类型的数据在物理上被隔离存储，提升终端的安全性，并且可以根据处理单元的工作状态合理安排业务量，使得终端资源得到合理有效的利用，提高了数据处理的效率。
Patent WO-2014056409-A1 (WO)
Title: Method of continuously raising and lowering oilfield shaft drillstring and twin travelling slips apparatus
Inventor: HU YONG
IPC: E21B19/10
Filed: 2013-09-29
Abstract: Disclosed is a method of continuously raising and lowering an oilfield shaft drillstring using a twin travelling slips apparatus, wherein two sets of travelling slip mechanisms form the two travelling slips apparatus, the first set of travelling slip mechanisms and the second set of travelling slip mechanisms are respectively mounted on a pithead apparatus (10) to constitute a continuous raising and lowering system. In the process of raising and lowering an oilshaft drillstring, the slips (1, 4) of each set of travelling slip mechanisms alternately clamp or release the drillstring, ensuring a continuous raising and lowering motion for the drillstring (9) from beginning to end under the clamping of the slips, and achieving uninterrupted operation. Further disclosed is a twin travelling slips apparatus. Since a twin travelling slips apparatus is used, the problem of an empty run produced by a conventional single travelling slip apparatus is overcome, eliminating, when raising and lowering the drillstring, the stoppage and waiting time of the drillstring in an empty run when the slip raises or lowers the hydraulic cylinder piston rod.
Patent WO-2014205945-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种静电油烟净化器电场清洗方法及其装置
Inventor: YOU JIN
IPC: B03C3/78
Filed: 2013-09-30
Abstract: 提供了一种静电油烟净化器电场清洗方法及其装置。该清洗方法包括以下步骤：把电场划分为多个区域（A）；清洗前预设扫描规则（B）；以及利用花洒状的清洗头以扫描方式移动到电场的每一个区域对电场进行全面清洗（C）。通过传动装置带动清洗头沿电场进行扫描运动，无需人工看管，省水节能。清洗时无需将静电场拆卸下来，清洗方便，省时省力。
Patent WO-2015042986-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SONG LEI
IPC: H04L1/00
Filed: 2013-09-30
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un procédé de contrôle par retour d'information, un procédé de détermination de livre de codes, un équipement utilisateur et une station de base correspondante. Le procédé de contrôle par retour d'information comprend les étapes suivantes: la fourniture par l'équipement utilisateur d'information associée en retour vers la station de base lorsque le support de la transmission d'un ou de plusieurs flux de données est assuré à la fois dans la direction horizontale et la direction verticale d'un réseau d'antennes; l'information associée comporte un quelconque ou plusieurs parmi la quantité de flux de données dont le support est assuré dans la direction verticale, la quantité de flux de données totaux dont le support est assuré par l'équipement utilisateur; et lorsque la quantité de flux de données dont le support est assuré dans la direction horizontale ou la quantité de flux de données dont le support est assuré dans la direction verticale est une valeur prédéterminée, l'information associée comporte un quelconque parmi la quantité de flux de données dont le support est assuré dans la direction verticale et la quantité de flux de données totaux dont le support est assuré par l'équipement utilisateur, ou l'information associée comporte un quelconque parmi la quantité de flux de données dont le support est assuré dans la direction horizontale et la quantité de flux de données totaux dont le support est assuré par l'équipement utilisateur. Selon le procédé le surdébit dans une rétroaction unique peut être réduit et la taille de matrice de précodage peut être réduite.
Patent WO-2015054866-A1 (WO)
Title: Procédé de positionnement relatif
Inventor: GUO XIAOLIN
IPC: H04W64/00
Filed: 2013-10-17
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un procédé comprenant la réception de distances entre un premier et un second dispositifs en provenance du second dispositif, lesdites distances étant basées sur la force des signaux sans fil émis par le premier dispositif à deux moments précis, la mesure d'un angle de cap et d'une distance de déplacement du premier dispositif entre les emplacements au niveau de deux points, la réception d'un angle de cap et d'une distance de déplacement entre les emplacements du second dispositif au niveau de deux points, le calcul d'angles entre les dispositifs au niveau des deux points par le premier dispositif et sur la base des données mesurées et reçues, et la détermination des coordonnées des dispositifs au niveau des deux points. L'invention concerne également un équipement technique mettant en œuvre le procédé.
Patent WO-2014176887-A1 (WO)
Title: Method for recognizing motion state of mobile terminal, and mobile terminal
Inventor: LI LI
IPC: H04W64/00
Filed: 2013-11-13
Abstract: The present invention is applicable to the technical field of communications, and provided are a method for recognizing a motion state of a mobile terminal, and a mobile terminal. The method comprises: collecting information about a plurality of WLAN access points scanned every time, wherein the information comprises a basic service set identification code and a signal intensity; according to the information about the plurality of WLAN access points, calculating a value of a confidence level and a value of a list orthogonality; and pre-setting a judgement threshold of the value of the confidence level and a judgement threshold of the value of the list orthogonality, and comparing the judgement threshold value with the value obtained by calculation to obtain a motion state of the mobile terminal, so that the motion state of the mobile terminal can be obtained without the need to modify any hardware of the existing mobile terminal; in addition, the present invention is applicable to an area covered by a plurality of wireless local area network access points, is not affected by being indoors or outdoors, the position of the mobile terminal, and the posture and motion habits of a user, has a low algorithm complexity, and will not cause a large power overhead for the mobile terminal.
Patent WO-2014169633-A1 (WO)
Title: 移动终端建立无线局域网的方法及移动终端
Inventor: TANG SHAOJIAN
IPC: H04W48/16
Filed: 2013-11-14
Abstract: 本发明公开一种移动终端建立无线局域网的方法及移动终端，其方法包括：当移动终端需要与其它终端建立无线局域网时，开启蓝牙，并将该移动终端蓝牙设备名称修改为包含识别标示的字符串；开启蓝牙搜索，获取蓝牙设备名称中包含识别标示的其他终端的蓝牙MAC地址；将该移动终端的蓝牙MAC地址与获取到的蓝牙MAC地址进行比较，当该移动终端的蓝牙MAC地址符合预设条件时将该移动终端设为无线局域网的无线接入点。本发明无需用户来协调确认无线接入点及普通的请求接入端，提高了用户通过移动终端建立无线局域网的快捷性及简易性，极大地方便了用户通过组建无线局域网来共享文件。
Patent WO-2014075630-A1 (WO)
Title: Protective device and protective system for battery assembly
Inventor: WANG XIAOPING
IPC: H02H7/18
Filed: 2013-11-15
Abstract: A protective device and a protective system for a battery assembly are provided. The battery assembly comprises N cells, and the protective device comprises: a constant current source module (100), comprising M (1<M≤N) first constant current sources connected in parallel with M cells in the N cells respectively, and configured to generate an output current according to a voltage of the connected cell; a voltage sampling module (200), comprising N voltage sampling units connected in parallel with the N cells respectively, and configured to output a sampling voltage; a determining module (300), connected with the voltage sampling module, and configured to generate a first disconnection signal when the sampling voltage output from any voltage sampling unit reaches a predetermined value; and a protective control module (400), connected with the determining module, and configured to control the battery assembly to turn off according to the first disconnection signal.
Patent WO-2014190745-A1 (WO)
Inventor: DONG FANG
IPC: H04W84/04
Filed: 2013-12-26
Abstract: Disclosed are a processing method and system based on an LTE Home eNodeB (HNB), and a control device, the method comprising: acquiring a request or information from a first terminal; and if determining that the request or information needs to be transmitted to a second terminal, then controlling an LTE HNB to transmit the request or information to the second terminal.
Patent WO-2016023138-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种改善水下电磁波通讯的溺水求救装置
Inventor: YANG BING-SYUN
IPC: G08B21/08
Filed: 2014-08-11
Abstract: 一种改善水下电磁波通讯的溺水求救装置，其包含一头戴式泳具（10），该头戴式泳具（10）上设有一发射器（20），该头戴式泳具（10）可为泳帽或泳镜，且该头戴式泳具（10）上设有一容置部（11），用以设置该发射器（20）。该发射器（20）包括一判断单元（21）和一天线（22），该判断单元（21）用于感测用户在水中的状态，并在使用者处于溺水状态时通过该天线（22）发出求救信号，该天线（22）的长度（L）为设定值，其长度（L）大约为电磁波信号波长的二分之一或四分之一，该天线（22）由单心或多心导线所组成，且当该发射器（20）装设于该头戴式泳具（10）上时，该天线（22）自用户头部前方往后方延伸设置，如此可减少被头部吸收的电磁波能量，亦即不论是脸部朝上仰泳还脸部朝下蛙泳，皆可减少被头部吸收的电磁波能量。
Patent WO-2015109500-A1 (WO)
Title: 数据传输方法和装置
Inventor: ZHANG LIXUE
IPC: H04L12/18
Filed: 2014-01-23
Abstract: 本发明实施例提供一种数据传输方法和装置。本发明实施例涉及通信技术领域，用以解决网络中数据传输的阻塞问题。方法包括获取第一类数据流和第二类数据流，第一类数据流为初传数据流，第二类数据流为需要重新传送的数据流；对第一类数据流进行独立编码，生成第一类网络编码数据包，对第二类数据流进行联合编码，生成第二类网络编码数据包，单个第二类网络编码数据包与多个第二类数据流对应；将第一类网络编码数据包、第二类网络编码数据包传送给接收端。本发明实施例提供的数据传输方法和装置，可以应用于对时延性能要求较高的网络数据传输设备。
Patent WO-2015131315-A1 (WO)
Title: 洗衣机及其控制方法
Inventor: WANG JIAN
IPC: D06F33/44
Filed: 2014-03-03
Abstract: 一种洗衣机及其控制方法，其中，洗衣机包括：控制面板（10），控制面板（10）上设有多个不同类别的常规程序、以及速洗键（101），其中，速洗键（101）与多个不同类别的常规程序中任意一个关联执行；控制器（20），控制器（20）与控制面板（10）相连，在多个不同类别的常规程序之任意一个被选择后，进一步按下速洗键（101），控制器（20）在被选择的一个常规程序确定的洗涤参数上进一步优化，使得常规程序与速洗键（101）关联执行的洗涤总运行时间相较常规程序的洗涤运行时间少，可以在保证洗涤性能和脱水性能的前提下，减少洗衣机的最终运行时间，达到快净的洗涤效果。
Patent WO-2015131365-A1 (WO)
Title: Facilitation de service de mandataire
Inventor: LI DAQI
IPC: G06F17/30
Filed: 2014-03-06
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un demandeur de mandataire, dont on attend la participation à des événements hébergés sur un réseau informatique, qui peut espérer trouver un mandataire afin de gérer les événements pour le demandeur de mandataire. Le demandeur de mandataire, en utilisant un dispositif de demandeur, peut soumettre une demande concernant un tel mandataire à un fournisseur de services de mandataire pendant ou avant l'événement. Dans certains exemples, le fournisseur de services de mandataire peut transmettre un ou plusieurs mandataires candidats au dispositif de demandeur. Une fois que le dispositif de demandeur de mandataire sélectionne un mandataire parmi le ou les mandataires candidats, le dispositif de demandeur peut soit faciliter soit programmer une connexion entre le mandataire sélectionné et d'autres participants aux événements.
Patent WO-2014154182-A1 (WO)
Title: Method for converting and decomposing bastnaesite rare earth ore by calcinating same with calcium compound and masking agent
Inventor: LI HONGMING
IPC: C22B1/02
Filed: 2014-03-31
Abstract: A method for converting and decomposing bastnaesite rare earth ore by calcinating same with a calcium compound and a masking agent, the method comprising: pulverizing the bastnaesite rare earth ore and adding calcium compound powder and mixing the two uniformly; putting the mixture into a crucible and covering the exposed surface with the masking agent; calcinating to convert the rare earth fluoride in the ore into a rare earth compound easily soluble in hydrochloric acid; stirring and blending the calcinated ore in heated water, and adding the hydrochloric acid for leaching so as to obtain a rare earth chloride solution, the recovery rate of rare earth leaching being 97%. Said method does not need alkali conversion and water washing, and shortens the technological process; and fluorine in the ore reacts to generate calcium fluoride, having no pollution to air and water, and the calcium fluoride can be recycled. Said method saves energy and reduces consumption, with the conversion rate of the rare earth ore being equal to or greater than 98%, and the recovery rate of rare earth leaching being equal to or greater than 97%.
Patent WO-2014176992-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SU JINGUI
IPC: H04N21/254
Filed: 2014-04-21
Abstract: 本发明实施例提供一种PTV登录的方法、接入服务器及终端，该方法包括：配置两个以上的主电子节目指南；接收到登录请求后，根据指定条件将登录服务负载到一主电子节目指南，如负载到该主电子节目指南异常，则轮询下一台主电子节目指南，直到轮询到一台主电子节目指南继续提供登录服务。通过本发明实施例可以减轻主EPG的压力，提高主EPG的并发能力和稳定性。
Patent WO-2015070580-A1 (WO)
Title: 基于近场通信建立无线局域网的方法及装置
Inventor: LI YING
IPC: H04W60/00
Filed: 2014-05-19
Abstract: 本发明公开了一种基于近场通信建立无线局域网的方法及装置，涉及移动通信领域，该方法包括：第一移动终端与第二移动终端建立近场通信链路；第一移动终端利用所述近场通信链路向第二移动终端发送用来获取第二移动终端的无线参数信息的请求；第一移动终端经由所述近场通信链路接收第二移动终端响应所述请求而发送的包含AP信息的无线参数信息；第一移动终端利用包含AP信息的无线参数信息无线连接所述第二移动终端的AP，由此建立无线局域网，并利用所建立的无线局域网传输数据。本发明实现无线局域网的自动创建，解决了传统创建无线局域网流程复杂、易用性差或传输效率低的问题。