Patent GB-1426989-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic transmission controls
IPC: F16H61/02
Filed: 1974-08-01
Abstract: 1426989 Change-speed control GENERAL MOTORS CORP 1 Aug 1974 [12 Sept 1973] 34011/74 Heading F2D The level of line pressure 16 in an hydraulic control of ratio selecting clutches and brakes in a motor vehicle transmission, having a manual selector valve 20 establishing automatic (D), manual low (L) and intermediate (I), and reverse (R), is controlled by a pressure regulator 18 having a single diameter valve bore and a spool 22 with equal diameter lands a, b, c, loaded in the upward, pressure-increase direction, by a spring 26, and boost pressure supplied by a boost line 34 to a single area chamber 32 and varied by the manual selector valve 20 to suit the selected drive condition. In automatic forward and reverse the regulator boost pressure increases with engine throttle responsive (TV) pressure provided by a TV valve 54 used in the shift system, the TV pressure in reverse being boosted above a preset minimum in a reverse boost valve 48; in intermediate and low (IL) settings an IL boost valve 50 supplies a constant pressure to the regulator boost line 34, independent of TV pressure. Shuttle valves 36 and 40 isolate the respective boost lines. Gear set.-Two sun-ring-planet trains, compounded as a Simpson set 300, are controlled by the usual forward and direct-reverse clutches 88, 82; a one-way brake 322 for automatic low, with a parallel disc brake 212 for manual low and reverse; and an intermediate brake 134, with apply and release servo pressure 176, 126, the release chamber acting as an accumulator to soften 3-2 shift. Shift control.-Automatic 1-2 and 2-3 shift valves 56, 58, not described, control shift in response to opposing fluid pressures provided by an output driven governor valve 136, not described, and the TV valve 54. TV pressure.-The TV valve 54 comprises a differentially-landed regulator spool 90, which, in RNDI settings, receives line pressure 66 from the manual valve 20 and regulates it to a TV line 104 under load of a spring 94 which reacts against a differentially-land abutment spool 98 formed on the end of a rod 102 actuated by the engine-throttle pedal. The spool 98 slides in a fixed sleeve 100 having ports 108, 110, 112, the first, 108, feeding shift TV pressure (STV) 38 (see below) to act rightwards on the spool 98, the second, 110, opened at part stroke to supply STV pressure 38 to the 2-3 shift valve 58 through a part TV (PTV) line 114, for a purpose not described, and the third, 112, supplying STV pressure 38 to a detent, line 116 at full throttle, feeding both shift valves 56, 58 for detent (kickdown) shift. The rightward action of STV pressure 38 on the spool 98, compensates for the increase in throttle pedal load as the spring 94 is compressed so that pedal load is constant until detent is reached, after which no further increase in TV pressure occurs, and the subsequent detent movement is felt as increasing spring load. Line 38 receives the STV pressure, which is fed to the shift valves 56, 58 and to the port 110 of the TV valve 54, through a modulator valve 52, in which basic TV pressure 104 acts against a spring 122 on a differentially landed spool 118 to shift the latter rightwards and eventually, by the land b, close communication between the basic TV line 104 and the STV line 38, thereby setting an upper fixed limit (100 p.s.i.) on STV pressure 38. Shift quality.-In addition to its pressure control function, the modulator valve 52, at large throttle openings, opens a by-pass around a restrictor 130 in a line 126 leading to exhaust from the release side of the intermediate brake 134 to result in more rapid brake engagement during an open throttle 3-2 downshift. Main pressure regulator boost.-This action, referred to above, and forming the main subjectmatter of the invention, is as follows. In manual I and L the selector valve 20 supplies line pressure 16 through a line 78 to a spring-loaded, differentially-landed IL boost valve 50, which regulates a constant IL boost pressure 46 through the shuttle valves 42, 36 to the main regulator boost line 34, establishing a constant boosted line pressure. Settings RNDI pressurize a line 66, supplying the TV valve 54, and STV pressure 38 from the modulator valve 52 passes through the shuttle valve 36 into the regulator boost line 34 for TV responsive line pressure boost. In setting R the selector valve supplies line pressure through a line 70 to the reverse boost valve 48, which regulates to a reverse boost line 44 under the influence of pressure-decreasing load applied through a spool bore 232, and pressure-increasing load by a spring 228, which sets a minimum boost level, and STV pressure 38. Reverse boost pressure 44 reaches the main regulator boost line 34 through the shuttle valve 36, thus boosting line pressure in response to TV pressure, the rate of line pressure increase being greater than that of TV increase because of differential lands cb of the reverse boost valve 48. In D setting the regulator valve boost line 34 is supplied directly with STV pressure 38 through the shuttle valve 36 for line pressure regulation in response to TV pressure but at a lower level than in R setting. Details not described in the Specification are covered by references to a number of U.S.A. Specifications.