Patent GB-190527104-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines.
Inventor: BRANDES WILHELM
Filed: 1905-12-28
Granted: 1906-07-19
Abstract: 27,104. Braudes, W., and Appelberg, C. W. Dec. 28. Gas and explosive-vapour engines.-In Figs.. 3 and 4 means are shown for injecting gaseous or liquid fuel into the combustion chambers of twostroke-cycle engines by pistons operated by the pressures in the cylinder and pump chambers. Modifications are described for working on a fourstroke cycle. In Fig. 3 the working-piston 1 is shown at the end of its working stroke, the exhaust products having escaped through the ports 16. During the working stroke, air, which has previously entered the cylinder through the valve 12, is compressed and forced into the chamber 14 through the valve 13, and enters the opposite end of the cylinder through the valve 15 to assist in scavenging as soon as the exhaust ports 16 are uncovered by the piston 1. At the end of the working stroke compressed air is also forced through the valve 11 and pipe. 9 and acts on the reduced end of the piston 4 to force it back into the cylinder. During its outward movement, it draws in fuel through valves 17 and subsequently it forces it into the cylinder when the front face of the piston uncovers the ports 5. The return stroke of the piston 4 is effected by the compression in the cylinder 2. During the first part of the compression stroke, the chamber at the rear end of the reduced portion of the piston 4, is placed in communication with the cylinder end by the opening of the valve 11. In the two-cylinder engine shown in Fig. 4, liquid fuel is injected into the cylinders through openings 30, 30<1> having spiral grooves cut in their peripheries, fuel being fed to the valves 25, 25<1> through passages 29, 29<1> by plungers 27, 27<1> carried by the pistons 4, 4<1>. The pistons 4, 4<1> are forced into their lowest positions during the compression strokes by the action of the compressed air or gases on their upper faces. During the downward movement of the fuel pistons, the air which has previously entered the lower portion of the chambers 3, 3<1> is compressed until the ports 19, 19<1> coincide with the passages 24, 24<1> leading to the valve chambers containing the valves 25, 25<1> when the compressed air or gas escapes and carries the fuel into the cylinder. The undersides of the pistons 4, 4<1> are placed in communication with the respective pump chambers 21<1>, 21 through passages 20, 20<1>, the pump pistons 1, 1<1> serving to reduce the pressure below the pistons 4, 4<1> during the downward strokes of the latter and to raise the fuel pistons after their downward strokes. The engine shown in Fig. 4 may be governed by throttling the air supply to the cylinder through the valves 26, 26<1>, this having the effect of cutting off the fuel supply in the event of the pistons 4, 4<1> failing to reach their lowest positions. Cam-operated devices may be used for operating the fuel pistons and for reversing their position when the engine is required to run in the opposite direction. Modifications of the above method of working are described in which higher pressures are used for forcing in the fuel, and in which gaseous fuels or mixtures may be used.