Patent GB-902413-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in recovery of nickel
IPC: C22B3/38
Filed: 1961-01-19
Abstract: <PICT:0902413/III/1> A copper-nickel matte, which may contain cobalt, iron and traces of lead and platinum metals, is leached with hydrochloric acid so that hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide are evolved (these gases being optionally converted to HCl and sulphur by reaction with chlorine from the electrolysis of the nickel chloride produced, and the remaining solids), (Cu S and any platinum metal values) are separated off.  The resulting liquid is subjected to oxidation with a gas, e.g. air and/or chlorine, while simultaneously the acid concentration may be increased by treatment with gaseous HCl, to form anionic complexes of Cu, Co and Fe.  Removal of the aforesaid complexes is achieved by contact with organic absorbent material (as in basic ion exchange resin treatment or liquid/liquid extraction), from whence the compounds may be recovered and separated.  Further HCl gas is added to the now pure NiCl2 solution causing NiCl2-4H2O to crystallize on cooling.  The residual liquid from the NiCl2-4H2O recovery is heated to expel the excess HCl as gas, this being utilized in the NiCl2 crystallization stage and optionally in the oxidation stage, and the lean HCl after removing any lead, e.g. by ion exchange, is recirculated to react with further batches of matte.  The separated NiCl2 crystals may be made up into electrolyte for electrolytic isolation of the metal and the chlorine produced during the electrolysis, converted to HCl by reaction as above.  Referring to the flow sheet, nickel-copper matte is fed to closed reactors 10 to 14, with HCl from line 114; H2S and H2 are taken off via line 24.  Copper sulphide, gold and platinum metal values are separated in filter 32, the filtrate acidity is increased by adding extra HCl and the liquor is subjected to oxidation in vessel 38 by air or chlorine, singly or jointly.  Cu, in solution, Co and Fe are converted to anionic complexes which are removed and separated and recovered in plant 57, which operates with either a quaternary ammonium ion exchange resin or organic solvent extraction. Thus tributyl phosphate in an inert solvent is suitable for iron, tri-isooctylamine in a hydrocarbon will remove copper and cobalt. The purified NiCl2 solution is cooled and further gaseous HCl is added in crystallizer 66.  NiCl2 4H2O is obtained, filtered off in filter 76, washed free from acid with saturated NiCl2 solution to provide feed for the electrolysis plant.  The acid mother liquors from filter 76 are fractionally distilled in stripping column 96 and the gaseous HCl from the head product is returned to the crystallizer 66 or oxidation vessel 38 as required; the residual lean hydrochloric acid, after lead removal in 104, is returned to reactor 10 to be used to leach a further batch of matte.  The chlorine from the electrolysis is partly used in oxidation in vessel 38, being introduced thereto via line 132, but mainly burnt in the hydrogen H2S mixture (from the leaching operation) in reactor 136 to yield HCl and sulphur.  The sulphur is pure and the HCl gas is used within the process in crystallizer 66 or oxidation vessel 38 as required.