Patent GB-1528744-A (GB)
Title: Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02D41/24
Filed: 1974-10-25
Abstract: 1528744 Controlling IC engine fuel injection LUCAS ELECTRICAL Ltd 8 Oct 1975 [25 Oct 1974] 46392/74 Heading F1B A fuel injection timing system for an I.C. engine comprises a memory device receiving inputs representing engine speed and at least one further engine variable and producing an output representing the crank-shaft position at which fuel injection is to be initiated, this output being compared in a comparator with a signal representing crank-shaft position starting from a datum position whereby fuel injection is initiated when the signal is equal to the memory output, a common transducer being used to provide the engine speed and crank-shaft position signals. A crank-shaft position transducer 15, Fig. 1, produces negative pulses each commencing at 30 degrees cam-shaft rotation before the crank-shaft position which corresponds to the fully retarded fuel injection timing position for each engine cylinder and terminating at the fully retarded position, the pulses being fed to an electronic switch 16 to cause the output of the electronic switch (consisting of pulses from a clock oscillator 17) to be diverted from a frequency divider 18 to a programmable frequency divider 19. During the intervals between the negative pulses, the clockpulses are passed via the frequency divider 18 (which is set according to the number of engine cylinders) to a counter 21, the number of clockpulses counted during each interval consequently being inversely proportioned to the engine speed. A digital output representing engine load is fed from a transducer 11 (via any necessary digital encoder 12) to a memory 13 which also receives the output (representative of engine speed) from the counter 18, the memory being empirically programmed to suit the particular engine to produce, in dependence on the two inputs, an output representing the instant of time corresponding to the angular position of the crank-shaft at which fuel injection is required to be initiated; this output being fed to a comparator 14. A further output from the memory 13 is fed to the programmable frequency divider 19 to vary its divisor so that it is low at high engine speeds; instead, the clock frequency can be altered. This improves accuracy at high speeds. During the negative pulse output from the transducer 15, the clockpulses from the clock 17 are fed via the frequency divider 19 to a counter 22, the output of the counter, indicative of an interval of time corresponding to the angular position of the crank-shaft, being fed to the comparator 14, where it is compared with the time signal fed from the memory. When the two inputs to the comparator 14 are equal, it feeds an output pulse to operate the fuel injection system 23, whereby a pre-metered dose of fuel is injected. A secondary output from the counter 21 is fed to the comparator 14 to cause the fuel injection to commence only at the fully retarded position at a required range of engine speeds (usually low speeds). The counters 21, 22 are reset at the commencement of each operating cycle by means of a circuit 24, 25, 26. The single clock 17 may be replaced by two separate clocks for the two functions of measuring engine speed and crank-shaft position. Fig. 2 shows another arrangement, in which the transducer 115 produces a large number of pulses during each engine revolution, the pulse train being interrupted by gaps, one for each injection. For this purpose, the transducer may comprise a toothed wheel rotating relative to a magnetic pick-up, the gaps being obtained by the omission of appropriate teeth from the wheel. At the occurrence of each gap, a missing-pulse recognition circuit 116 emits an output pulse to indicate the datum position for the respective injection, the output pulse being forwarded to the SET terminal of an R-S flip-flop 117, to the RESET terminal of a counter 118 and to the PRESET ENABLE terminals of a programmable counter 119, 120. The counter 118 which has its ENABLE terminal connected to the Q output of the flip-flop 117, counts clockpulses from the clock 121 to provide a speed-dependent input to the memory 122. The memory provides an output directly indicative of the crank-shaft position at which injection is to commence, in accordance with the speed-dependent and load-dependent inputs, this output being fed to a comparator 123. The position reached by the crank-shaft, as sensed by the transducer 115, is ascertained by the counter 119, 120, the output of which is fed to the comparator 123 to be compared with the output from the memory 122. When the first fifteen pulses from the tranducer 115 have been counted, the counter 119, 120 emits a pulse to the RESET terminal of the flip-flop 117 to reverse its outputs Q, Q to terminate the speed-indicative count of the counter 118 and to enable a NAND gate 124 which is interposed between the comparator 123 and the fuel injection system 125. The count by the counter 119, 120 continues until its output is equal to that of the memory 122, whereupon the comparator 123 indicates the fuel injection via the gate 124.