baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2007512297-A (JP)
Title: 生物活性メチレンブルー誘導体（２）における開発
IPC: C07D401/04
Filed: 2004-11-22
Abstract: 微生物感染予防用抗菌剤として使用するための式（Ｉ）のフェノチアジニウム化合物： 【化１】     （式中、Ｒ１、Ｒ２、Ｒ３及びＲ４は、それぞれ、独立して、場合により置換されていてもよい線状、分枝状又は環状炭化水素基であり；又はＲ１及びＲ２又はＲ３及びＲ４は、それらが結合するＮ原子と一緒に、場合により置換されていてもよい５−、６−又は７−員環を形成し；Ｘ P- は、対アニオンであり；及びＰは、１、２又は３である）。本発明は、フェノチアジニウム化合物を含む組成物、選択された化合物及び薬剤として、ＰＤＴ剤として、光診断剤としてのそれらの使用、フェノチアジニウム及びポリマーの間に形成される共役物又は複合材料、及び流体を照射しながら共役物又は複合材料に通す流体を殺菌する方法に関する。化合物は、生物学的に活性な光増感剤であり、それは、享禄に光細胞毒性であり、光力学的治療（ＰＤＴ）の領域において及び医薬条件の診断及び検出のための用途を有し、及び光化学内在化における、ガンワクチンの製造における、微生物感染の治療及び予防における及び光消毒又は光殺菌における関連用途を有する。
Patent JP-2007535488-A (JP)
Title: 複素環アミド化合物及びｍｍｐ−１３阻害剤としてのその用途
IPC: C07D491/04
Filed: 2005-04-28
Abstract: 【解決手段】本願発明は、マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ阻害作用を有し、医薬として有用な新規アミド誘導体を提供する。当該誘導体は、 式     ［式中、Ａ環は置換されていてもよい含窒素複素環であり、Ｂ環は置換されていてもよい単環式同素環または置換されていてもよい単環式複素環であり、ＺはＮまたはＮＲ １ （Ｒ １ は水素原子または置換されていてもよい炭化水素基である。）であり、 - - -  は単結合または二重結合であり、Ｒ ２ は水素原子または置換されていてもよい炭化水素基であり、Ｘは置換されていてもよい原子数１ないし６のスペーサーであり、Ｃ環は（１）置換されていてもよい同素環または（２）式     （Ｘ’はＳ、Ｏ、ＳＯまたはＣＨ ２ である。）で表される環以外の置換されていてもよい複素環であり、Ｂ環およびＣ環の少なくとも一方は置換基を有する。ただし、N-{(1S,2R)-1-(3,5-ジフルオロベンジル)-3-[(3-エチルベンジル)アミノ]-2-ヒドロキシプロピル}-5,6-ジメチル-4-オキソ-1,4-ジヒドロチエノ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-2-カルボキサミドを除く。］で表される化合物またはその塩である。 【選択図】なし
Patent JP-2007514365-A (JP)
Title: 回路素子
IPC: H03K19/0948
Filed: 2004-12-10
Abstract: Ｎ対の相補的なトランジスタを備える回路素子である。トランジスタは、トランジスタ対をサブ閾値で動作させるべく、比較的高い電圧レベル（Ｖ DD ）および比較的低い電圧レベル（Ｖ SS ）に接続される。Ｎ個の入力端子（Ｘ 1 、Ｘ 2 、．．．Ｘ N ）はトランジスタの各対に接続される。制御端子（ＢＰ、ＢＮ）はトランジスタの入力ノードを制御すべく接続される。回路素子は、最小のトランジスタ数および最小の配線量によって、異なる論理機能間で機能を再構成し得る。
Patent JP-2007519913-A (JP)
IPC: G01N33/68
Filed: 2005-01-19
Abstract: This invention concerns a bioaffinity assay for quantitative determination in a sample of free PAPP-A, defined as the pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) that is not complexed to the proform of major basic protein (proMBP), wherein free PAPP-A is determined either i) as a calculated difference between measured total PAPP-A and measured PAPP-A complexed to proMBP, or ii) by a direct bioaffinity assay measuring only free PAPP-A. Furthermore, the invention concerns a method for diagnosing an acute coronary syndrome in a person by using as marker either free PAPP-A as such or a ratio free PAPP-A/total PAPP-A, free PAPP-A/PAPP-A complexed to proMBP, or PAPP-A complexed to proMBP/total PAPP-A.
Patent JP-2007519812-A (JP)
Title: 燃料及び潤滑剤のための清浄剤／酸化防止剤添加剤
IPC: C10L1/22
Filed: 2005-01-19
Abstract: 酸性有機化合物、硼素化合物、及び塩基性有機化合物の反応生成物を含む組成物が開示されている。この組成物は、潤滑剤及び炭化水素燃料のための清浄剤添加剤として有用である。
Patent JP-2007522055-A (JP)
IPC: B65H75/22
Filed: 2005-01-14
Abstract: A spool for winding up an adhesive carrier tape of a packaging taped imbricated bag chain in an apparatus for taking up a succession of imbricated packaging bags including a core with a core surface and walls forming a race where turns of tape are wound up, wherein the core surface includes resilient means for releasing a radial pressure acting on the turns of tape that have been wound up first. Also, a spool assembly for winding up at least two adhesive carrier tapes of a packaging taped imbricated bag chain in an apparatus for taking up a succession of imbricated packaging bags includes at least two spools, each spool having a core surface and walls forming a race where turns of tape are wound up, wherein the core surface includes resilient means for releasing a radial pressure acting on the turns of tape that have been wound up first.
Patent JP-2008164263-A (JP)
Title: Gas cryogenic separation system
Inventor: HAYASHI KANETOSHI
IPC: F25J3/04
Filed: 2007-01-04
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas cryogenic separation system which improves a power consumption unit requirement by accurately reducing power consumption of a raw material air compressor, in regard to a gas cryogenic separation system carrying out compression, impurity removal, cooling, liquefaction, and rectification separation of raw material air to manufacture product gas of oxygen and/or nitrogen.  <P>SOLUTION: The gas cryogenic separation system is provided with: a direct contact type cooling water producing device 11 of a showering system cooling circulation water by directly contacting the circulation water with unused exhaust gas not used as a product and diffused to the atmosphere; a raw material air cooling device 12 cooling the raw air by carrying out heat exchange between the low temperature circulation water produced by the direct contact type cooling water producing device 11 and the raw air of an inlet of the raw air compressor 30; and piping 13, 14 for circulation water and a pump 15 for circulating the circulation water between the direction contact type cooling water producing device 11 and the raw air cooling device 12.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008168480-A (JP)
Title: Composition for nanoimprint
Inventor: SATO HIROYUKI
IPC: C08L79/08
Filed: 2007-01-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition for nanoimprint which can make available a relief pattern whose surface is free from the contamination by a release agent such as surfactant.  <P>SOLUTION: This composition for nano-imprint comprises a fluorine-containing compound (C) which is a fluorosilsesquioxane having a 1-100C organic group. This composition is applied to a substrate and heated to form a coat, then a mold is pressed to the coat and thus, a relief pattern in which a negative image of a pattern engraved in the mold, is formed, is obtained.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008169885-A (JP)
Title: Wheel bearing device
Inventor: FUJIMURA HIROSHI
IPC: F16C33/36
Filed: 2007-01-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wheel bearing device having improved strength and durability while solving conflicting issues of constructing the device to be lighter and more compact and to be more rigid at the same time.  <P>SOLUTION: The wheel bearing device comprises double-row tapered roller trains 9, 10, and an inner ring 3 fixed with the end of a small diameter stepped portion 2b of a hub ring 2 rockingly caulked. A pitch circle diameter PCDo of the tapered roller train 9 on the outer side out of the double-row tapered roller trains 9, 10, is set to be larger than a pitch circle diameter PCDi of the tapered roller train 10 on the inner side, the roller length Lo thereof is set to be longer than that on the inner side (Lo>Li), a roller diameter do thereof is set to be smaller than that on the inner side (do<di), and the number thereof is set to be greater than that on the inner side. This achieves lighter and more compact construction, secures the basic rated load of a bearing train on the inner side, and improves the rigidity and life of the bearing without increasing the outer diameter of an outward member 1 on the outer side.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008169892-A (JP)
Title: Air pressure switching type fluid-sealed engine mount
Inventor: OGAWA YUICHI
IPC: B60K5/12
Filed: 2007-01-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air pressure switching type fluid-sealed engine mount having a novel structure realizing an excellent vibration isolating effect for any vibration at cranking caused when an engine is started, an engine shake caused when a vehicle is running, and an idling vibration caused while the vehicle is stopped.  <P>SOLUTION: A first orifice passage 114 and a second orifice passage 116 are provided. A movable diaphragm 99 is provided in a partition member 76. A pressure receiving chamber 108 and an equilibrium chamber 110 are communicated with each other by the second orifice passage 116 via the movable diaphragm 99. The second orifice passage 116 can be changed over to a communication state and a cut-off state by a valve body 124. The second orifice passage 116 is made to the cut-off state by exerting atmospheric air to a pneumatic actuator 118 when the engine is started and the vehicle is running. The second orifice passage 116 is made to the communication state by exerting negative pressure to the pneumatic actuator 118 when the vehicle is stopped.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008172459-A (JP)
Title: Security system
Inventor: MOTOOKA SHIGEAKI
IPC: H04L12/28
Filed: 2007-01-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a security system capable of adding a new terminal station without being restricted by the position relationship to existing base stations or terminal stations with a mesh network utilizing close-range radio communication as a base, and capable of securing the communication between the terminal station at a more upstream side and the base station even if disconnecting communication in a place where no alternative routes exist.  <P>SOLUTION: Each terminal station 1 has a close-range radio communication function and an intermediate-range one. When security information S1a cannot be transmitted from the terminal station 1A to that 1B by the close-range radio communication and there are no alternative routes that do not pass through the terminal station 1B, the security information S1a is directly transmitted to the base station 2A from the terminal station 1A by the intermediate-range radio communication.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007214555-A (JP)
Title: Laminate for cof, cof film carrier tape, and electronic device
Inventor: MIYAMOTO MARI
IPC: H01L23/14
Filed: 2007-01-11
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laminate for a COF, a COF film carrier tape obtained by processing the laminate, and an electronic device having an electronic component mounted on a wiring board, whereby dimensional changes and deformations caused by heat on the film carrier tape can be suppressed, even if the electronic component including an IC and an LSI is mounted on the film carrier tape and so on at high temperatures through metal eutectic mounting, a metal wire and the bump of an IC chip are not displaced from each other, an amount of the embedded metal wire into the bump is small, high adhesion is obtained between the metal wire and insulating layer, and the reliability of connection between the electronic component and the film carrier tape can be improved.  <P>SOLUTION: The laminate plate for a COF has a conductor 20, laminated on one side or both sides of an insulating layer 10. The insulating layer has a multilayer structure of polyimide resin, and the laminate plate for COF has a glass transition temperature of 350°C or higher, and a coefficient of linear expansion of 70 ppm/°C or lower at 300 to 350°C, and the COF film carrier tape is obtained by processing the laminate.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008170072-A (JP)
Title: Heating device
Inventor: YOKOTA HACHIJI
IPC: F27B9/30
Filed: 2007-01-12
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating device improved in airtightness of a furnace.  <P>SOLUTION: In this heating device having a furnace 1 main body composed of an upper housing 1A and a lower housing 1B, and performing heating treatment in the furnace 1 while conveying a heated object by a conveying means, a tension device 20 for pulling two points on a top face of the upper housing 1A positioned at an interval in the conveying direction of the conveying means, is disposed on the top face of the upper housing 1A. The tension device 20 is composed of a pair of fixed blocks 21, 22 fixed to both end portions of the top face of the upper housing 1A, a movable block 23 slidably disposed on the top face of the upper housing 1A, a tension bar 24 connecting the movable block 23 and one of the fixed blocks 22, and a tension adjustment screw member 25 inserted into a through hole of the fixed block 21 and engaged with a screw hole of the movable block 23 at its screw portion.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008175557-A (JP)
Title: Device for forming analyzing model of non-linear strong elastic material member, program for forming analyzing model, method for forming analyzing model and method for planning electronic device
Inventor: IMAI KANAKO
IPC: G01N19/00
Filed: 2007-01-16
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form a simple analyzing model for a non-linear strong elastic material member.  <P>SOLUTION: A first shell element 101 is formed to the contact surface of a rubber material with a first member and a second shell element 102 is formed to the contact surface of the rubber material with a second member with respect to the rubber material held between the first and second members. A spring element 100 is formed between the specific nodal points N of the first and second shell elements 101 and 102, and the spring constant of the formed spring element 100 is identified by the data of a material test.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008176995-A (JP)
Title: Discharge lamp lighting circuit
Inventor: ICHIKAWA TOMOYUKI
IPC: H05B41/24
Filed: 2007-01-17
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a discharge lamp lighting circuit equipped with a compact and low-loss power supply circuit.  <P>SOLUTION: The discharge lamp lighting circuit 1a is one for supplying alternating-current power to a discharge lamp L, and comprises an inverter circuit 3 converting a first direct-current voltage VB from a direct-current power supply B into an alternating-current voltage Vout, a transformer 7, a capacitor 8, and an inductor 9. It is further provided with a serial resonant circuit 4 receiving the alternating-current voltage Vout from the inverter circuit 3 and supplying an alternating-current power to the discharge lamp L, and a direct-current generating part 11 receiving the alternating-current voltage Vout from the inverter circuit 3 and smoothing the alternating-current voltage Vout generating a second direct-current voltage Vcc.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008173871-A (JP)
Title: Fluid feeding apparatus and fluid jetting apparatus using it
Inventor: SATO KIYONARI
IPC: B41J2/175
Filed: 2007-01-19
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid feeding apparatus which prevents a cartridge cover from being forcibly opened by a user.  <P>SOLUTION: A fluid feeding apparatus includes a cartridge holder 15 on which an ink cartridge 16 is mounted, the cartridge cover 30 for covering an inserting opening for taking in and out the ink cartridge 16 to the cartridge holder 15, a locking mechanism 40 for locking the cartridge cover 30 so that the cartridge cover 30 is not opened, and a controlling means for controlling the locking mechanism 40 so as to release the locking when a command for interchanging the ink cartridge 16 is received. The cartridge cover 30 can be opened and closed by rotating a hinge structural part 42, and a gap 29 between a static member 49 other than the cartridge cover 30 around the cartridge cover 30 and the cartridge cover 30 is constituted so as to be as narrow as possible within a range which does not obstruct the rotational operation of the cartridge cover 30.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007103008-A (JP)
Title: Perpendicular magnetic recording medium
Inventor: SAKAI YASUSHI
IPC: G11B5/738
Filed: 2007-01-19
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a perpendicular magnetic recording medium which has no leakage of Co from a granular magnetic layer, and excellent electromagnetic conversion characteristics, durability, and productivity.  <P>SOLUTION: The perpendicular magnetic recording medium has a magnetic layer comprising a first magnetic layer 14 of CoCr based alloy having a granular structure in which non-magnetic grain boundary is formed of an oxide or an nitride of a metal, and a second magnetic layer 15 of CoCr based alloy having a non-granular structure in which non-magnetic grain boundary does not contain an oxide or a nitride of a metal. Thereby, while the first magnetic layer 14 can secure satisfactory electromagnetic conversion characteristics caused by the granular structure, the second magnetic layer 15 can secure high durability of the medium by blocking Co atoms leaking from the non-magnetic grain boundary of the first magnetic layer. In addition, an underlying multilayer 22 and a magnetic domain control layer 23 are provided between a non-magnetic base 21 and a soft magnetic lining layer 24, thereby making it possible to significantly suppressing spike noise caused by the soft magnetic lining layer 24.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007284419-A (JP)
Title: Method for producing organic peroxide
Inventor: GOTO SHIGERU
IPC: C07C409/10
Filed: 2007-01-22
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing an organic peroxide in which energy supplied for heating a raw material fed can be reduced and installation of heat exchange facilities for recovering heat is few and facility investment is suppressed.  <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the organic peroxide comprises a step A for carrying out multi-stage reaction in which a reactor is divided in reaction sections of n+1 (wherein n is a positive integer), a step B for carrying out heat exchange between outlet reaction liquid of the reaction section in m number (wherein m is a positive integer in which m≤n and at least one place is specified) and a raw material liquid in which a part is fed to the first reaction section and then recovering the heat, a step C for setting reaction temperature of the first reaction section to a temperature at which energy required for heating feed raw material is minimized and controlling reaction temperature of a reaction section of m+1 so as to be thermally balanced with outlet liquid temperature in reaction section of m, and a step D for controlling operation temperature of each section other than the first reaction section and m+1 reaction section so as to be reaction temperature not higher than a temperature thermally balanced with outlet liquid temperature of reaction section in previous stage.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008179372-A (JP)
Title: Labeling apparatus
Inventor: FUKAMACHI MITSUHIRO
IPC: B65C9/08
Filed: 2007-01-23
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a labeling apparatus which can surely paste an extremely thin label to an object to be labeled.  <P>SOLUTION: This labeling apparatus 1 includes a taking-out mechanism 12, a feeding mechanism 14, a positioning mechanism 16, and a pasting mechanism 17. In this case, the taking-out mechanism 12 takes out a mounted label strip 10 printed with information, from a printing-cutting machine 11. The feeding mechanism 14 feeds the mounted label 10 which has been taken out from the taking-out mechanism 12 to a label setting position 13. The positioning mechanism 16 positions the mounted label 10 which has been fed to the label setting position 13 according to the label pasting position of the object 15 to be labeled. The pasting mechanism 17 pastes the label to the object 15 to be labeled while peeling off the mount from the mounted label 10 which has been positioned.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008181955-A (JP)
Title: Polishing liquid for metal and polishing method using the same
Inventor: TOMIGA TAKAMITSU
IPC: B24B37/00
Filed: 2007-01-23
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polishing liquid having a high CMP speed and excellent copper/tantalum polishing selectivity, also having less dishing, and increasing planarity of a polished surface.  <P>SOLUTION: The polishing liquid for metal is used for chemically mechanically polishing a conductor film made of copper or copper alloy in a semiconductor device manufacturing process. The polishing liquid contains a component of: (1) an amino acid derivative represented by general formula (I) (wherein, R<SP>1</SP>denotes an alkyl group of 1-4C); (2) colloidal silica in which at least some of silicon atoms on the surface are modified by aluminum atoms; and (3) an oxidizing agent.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008180426-A (JP)
Title: Refrigeration system
Inventor: TANAKA MASARU
IPC: C10N30/14
Filed: 2007-01-23
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refrigeration system capable of sufficiently suppressing a copper plating phenomenon.  <P>SOLUTION: The refrigeration system 1 is provided with a coolant circuit 2. The coolant circuit is filled with a coolant and a copper deactivator. The coolant includes 50wt.ppm or more of water. A 1/2 mole equivalent number or more of a water mole equivalent number of the copper deactivator is added.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008183781-A (JP)
Title: Reversible thermal recording material
Inventor: SANO HIDEKAZU
IPC: B41M5/337
Filed: 2007-01-29
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reversible thermal recording material which has a ground of a high whiteness and excels in erasability of an image and in image storage properties in the case when it is stored in an environment of high temperature and high humidity.  <P>SOLUTION: In the reversible thermal recording material, a thermal recording layer which contains a normally colorless or light-colored dye precursor and a reversible developer causing a reversible change in a color tone in the dye precursor, according to a difference in a cooling speed after heating, is provided on at least one side of a substrate. The thermal recording layer is made to contain a compound having figure 1, for instance, as an erasure accelerator. In figure 1, one of X<SP>1</SP>and X<SP>2</SP>denotes an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom and the other denotes a bivalent group of which the minimum componential unit is a -CONH- bond containing no hydrocarbon group in both ends. X<SP>1</SP>and X<SP>2</SP>may be the same group or different groups. R<SP>1</SP>s denote each a 1-50C univalent hydrocarbon group independently and at least one of them is a 25-50C univalent hydrocarbon group. R<SP>2</SP>s denote each a 1-36C bivalent hydrocarbon group independently. R<SP>3</SP>denotes the 1-36C bivalent hydrocarbon group.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008192709-A (JP)
Title: Vacuum ultraviolet ray monitor and vacuum ultraviolet ray irradiator using the same
Inventor: YAMADA YOHEI
IPC: H01L21/31
Filed: 2007-02-01
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum ultraviolet ray monitor that measures the illuminance of a vacuum ultraviolet ray in a pressure-reduced environment and adjacent to a heat source, and also to provide a vacuum ultraviolet ray irradiator using the same.  <P>SOLUTION: The vacuum ultraviolet ray monitor is provided with: an external tube that is made of a member transmitting a vacuum ultraviolet ray and whose one end is sealed while the other end is open; a tubular light guide that is arranged in the external tube and introduces the vacuum ultraviolet ray from one end opening near the sealed portion of the external tube and guides it to the other end opening; and a vacuum ultraviolet ray sensor that is provided to face the other end opening of the light guide. A reflection face is provided in one opening of the light guide or adjacent thereto to reflect the vacuum ultraviolet ray entering from the external tube and send it to the vacuum ultraviolet ray sensor. A first gas passage is connected to the other open portion of the external tube, and a second gas passage is connected to the other opening of the light guide.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008188867-A (JP)
Title: Optical information recording medium, information recording method, metal complex compound and its usage
Inventor: WATANABE KOSUKE
IPC: G11B7/2467
Filed: 2007-02-05
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical information recording medium with excellent recording characteristics and light resistance in information recording by irradiation with short-wavelength laser beams, and a new chemical compound which is best-suited as a coloring matter for a recording layer of the optical information recording medium.  <P>SOLUTION: This optical information recording medium has the recording layer formed on a substrate, and this recording layer contains a metal complex compound represented by formula (1), in which Q<SP>1</SP>and Q<SP>2</SP>are each independently an atomic group which forms a 5-membered monocyclic heteroring excepting a 1,3-thiazole, a 1,3,4-thiazole and a 1,3,4-triazole; M is a metallic ion or a metallic oxide ion; R is a substituting group; and "n" is an integer of 0 to 4. Besides, a plurality of R's may be the same as or different from each other when the "n" is an integer of 2 or more.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT