baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20090034244-A (KR)
Title: Method for the preparation of liquid lime hydrate using centrifuge
Inventor: BAE KYUNG KWON
IPC: C01F11/46
Filed: 2007-10-02
Abstract: A method for preparing liquid hydrated lime for waste water is provided to increase a yield using a centrifuge without a process of screening the hydrated lime and produce desired particle sizes of hydrated lime by controlling rotation of the centrifuge. A method for preparing liquid hydrated lime for waste water using a centrifuge comprises the following steps of: hydration-reacting quicklime to prepare hydrated lime oil in a hydration reaction step; and separating liquid hydrated lime from the hydrated lime oil using the centrifuge in a generation step. The generation step includes a centrifuge step of separating the liquid hydrated lime and solid hydrated lime for waste water, a liquid hydrated lime generation step of removing foreign materials from the prepared liquid hydrated lime and a liquid hydrated lime for waste water generation step of adding moisture to the solid hydrated lime for waste water to produce the liquid hydrated lime for waste water.
Patent KR-20090035225-A (KR)
Title: Electrode assembly, secondary battery using the same, manufacturing method of electrode assembly and electrode manufactured thereby
Inventor: KIM TAE WON
IPC: H01M50/10
Filed: 2007-10-05
Abstract: An electrode assembly is provided to prevent damage of a positive electrode and negative electrode substrates and to improve the safety by welding a positive electrode plate and a positive electrode tab or a negative electrode plate and a negative electrode tab by using a high frequency induction heating method. An electrode assembly(10) is laminated and wound with a positive electrode plate attached with a positive electrode tab(21), a negative electrode plate(30) attached with a negative electrode tab(31), and a separator(40). The positive electrode plate and positive electrode tab and/or the negative electrode plate and negative electrode tab form junction surface in which the whole welding part welded. The junction surface is formed by using a high frequency induction heating method.
Patent KR-20090037640-A (KR)
Title: Spindle assembly for machine tools
Inventor: CHUN KYU IN
IPC: B23Q5/04
Filed: 2007-10-12
Abstract: A spindle assembly for machine tools is provided to minimize the vibration of a cutting tool and improve the machining precision and prolong the service life of the tool. A spindle assembly for machine tools comprises a spindle body(20) in which a tool port is formed; a press unit(40) installed at the spindle body. A tool holder is detachably fitted into the tool port. The press unit forces the inner surface of the tool port against the outer surface of the tool holder by compressing the outer surface of one side of the spindle body.
Patent KR-20090038503-A (KR)
Title: Pole reinforcing apparatus and pole reinforcing method
Inventor: AHN TAE BONG
IPC: E04H12/12
Filed: 2007-10-16
Abstract: An electric pole reinforcing apparatus and method are provided to reduce the collapse risk of the electric pole by increasing the resistance moment with structural pillars placed around the electric pole. An electric pole reinforcing apparatus comprises one or more structural pillars(100) under the ground around an electric pole(10), a core(200) which is inserted into the structure pillar and a part of which is protruded from the top of the structure pillar, and a clamp(300) for connecting the protruding part of the core and the electric pole. The number of the structural pillars is controlled according to the ground and weather characteristics of construction site.
Patent KR-20090039384-A (KR)
Title: Method for a time sharing scheduling among rfid readers
Inventor: KIM YOUNG GON
IPC: H04L5/22
Filed: 2007-10-18
Abstract: A method for a time sharing scheduling among RFID readers is provided to control the operation of the RFID reader in the dynamic environment. A time sharing scheduling method for avoiding the radio frequency interference in the environment in which a plurality of RFID readers stand close together is as follows. The atmosphere reader Q is initialized(S100). The group of the reader operating among readers having in the atmosphere reader Q for the next time slice is selected(S110). The RFID middleware arranges the readers operated by the selection of the step(S110) to the rearward of the atmosphere reader Q(S120). The RFID middleware determines whether there is the additional request(S130). If there is an object leader, the corresponding reader is arranged behind the reader Q(S140). The delete request of the operation object reader from the arbitrary reader is determined(S150).
Patent KR-20090042530-A (KR)
Title: Connecting's member of busbar for electrical power
Inventor: OH YEON HO
IPC: H02G5/06
Filed: 2007-10-26
Abstract: A connecting member of a busbar for power is provided to couple a first busbar with a second busbar by using an S type connecting piece. A connecting member(10) of a busbar for power includes a plurality of S type connection pieces(6,6',6''). A first busbar and a second busbar are coupled by the connection member. The plurality of S type connection pieces are made of the beryllium copper. The connecting member with a circular shape is formed by the plurality of S type connection pieces. The stepped protrusion is formed in a second busbar. When the first busbar and the second busbar are coupled, the connecting member is positioned in the second busbar. The plurality of S type connection pieces are firmly fixed between the first busbar and the second busbar.
Patent KR-20090048751-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM CHANG GYOUN
IPC: B82B3/00
Filed: 2007-11-12
Abstract: 본 발명은 금속 나노입자를 원자층 증착법으로 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 본 발명에 따르면 종래의 방법으로 제조하는 나노입자에 비하여 어떠한 기질 상에서도 그 크기와 분포 조절이 용이하여 나노 촉매 또는 자성 그리고 나노부유게이트 메모리 소자 용 금속 전하 저장층 등의 다양한 나노 기능 재료로 잘 응용할 수 있다. 
       
     나노입자, 나노점 크기 제어, 원자층 증착법, 나노튜브
Patent KR-20090052725-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM KWANG OK
IPC: H04B10/00
Filed: 2007-11-21
Abstract: 본 발명은 고속의 IPTV 서비스를 저속의 가입자에게 효율적으로 제공하기 위한 수동 광 네트워크(PON : Passive Optical Network) 시스템에 관한 것으로, 광회선 단말장치(OLT : Optical Line Termination)가 방송(IPTV)용 패킷과 데이터(Data)용 패킷이 혼용되어 하향 전달되는 전송구조에서 기인하는 순간 버스트(Burst) 발생을 방지하기 위해 IPTV 채널별로 쉐이핑(Shaping)을 처리하고, 광망 종단장치(ONT : Optical Network Termination)가 방송(IPTV)용 패킷과 데이터(Data)용 패킷을 각각 별도의 출력포트를 통해 하향 출력함으로써 고속의 IPTV 서비스를 저속의 가입자에게 효율적으로 제공할 수 있도록 한 것이다. 
       
     IPTV 서비스, PON, OLT, ONT, 버스트(Burst), 쉐이핑(Shaping)
Patent KR-20090054037-A (KR)
Inventor: SUNG SU LYUN
IPC: H04B7/26
Filed: 2007-11-26
Abstract: 단말의 이동 성향을 이용하고 복수의 페이징 그룹(Paging Group)에 대해 페이징을 수행할 수 있는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 통신 시스템에서의 페이징 방법은 단말의 이동에 따라 변경되는 기지국의 정보 및 상기 기지국을 포함하는 페이징 그룹의 정보가 기록되는 데이터베이스를 참조하여 상기 페이징 그룹의 수를 판단하는 단계; 및 상기 페이징 그룹의 수가 기준치 이상인 경우, 상기 데이터베이스에 기록된 기지국의 정보에 상응하는 기지국에 대해 순차적으로 페이징을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 
       
     페이징, 페이징 그룹, 이동 성향
Patent KR-20090056044-A (KR)
Title: Semiconductor device package and method of fabricating the same
Inventor: KWON YONG CHAI
IPC: H01L23/48
Filed: 2007-11-29
Abstract: A semiconductor device package and a method of fabricating the same are provided to prevent bend of a capping layer and a substrate by selecting a material of the capping layer to minimize thermal expansion coefficient of the capping layer and each material. A via hole(103) passing through inside a substrate(100) and penetration electrode(130) is received into the via hole. A first semiconductor chip(160) is provided on the substrate and is electrically connected to the penetration electrode, and in a capping layer, a groove larger than the size of the first semiconductor chip. The capping layer is formed on the substrate so that the first semiconductor chip is received to the groove, and a second semiconductor chip is separated from the first semiconductor chip while the substrate is installed between them, and it is electrically connected with the first semiconductor chip through at least one of the penetration electrodes.
Patent KR-20070118577-A (KR)
Title: System for settling off-line cooperative
Inventor: KIM JAE HYUNG
IPC: G06Q30/06
Filed: 2007-12-03
Abstract: A system for billing group buying in off-line is provided to service discount in bulk by buying goods at an off-line shop based on group buying order in on-line. A system for billing group buying in off-line includes a group buying information generating part(110), a storing part(125), and a discounting part(140). The group buying information generating part executes group buying in on-line and generates group buying information. The storing part links the group buying information and group buying request payment information, and stores the linked result. The discounting part identifies group buying request payment information and processes to be discounted purchase price when group buying products are sold in the off-line.
Patent KR-20090058844-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus and method for coating pipe
Inventor: BYUN MOO WON
IPC: B05D7/22
Filed: 2007-12-05
Abstract: An apparatus and a method for coating a hollow body are provided to remove air between resin layer and minute grooves formed on the surface of the hollow body by passing through vacuum condition after coating, and to prevent separation of the hollow body. An apparatus for coating a hollow body includes a chamber unit(110) which is put with the hollow body therein and forms a vacuum space; a hollow body rotation unit(130) which is joined to the chamber unit to fix and rotate the hollow body; and a hollow body coating unit which coats the cladding(30) on the surface of the hollow body while being moved inside the chamber unit through the chamber unit.
Patent KR-20090059635-A (KR)
Title: Process for preparing risedronate sodium as anhydrous and hydrate forms
Inventor: SHIN JAE YEON
IPC: C07F9/58
Filed: 2007-12-07
Abstract: A method for manufacturing a risedronate sodium anhydrate and hydrate is provided to produce other hydrate type with high yield in a short time. A method for manufacturing a risedronate sodium 1 hydrate comprises: a step of adding mixture solvent to risedronate sodium 2.5 hydrate; a step of stirring for 3-7 hours; and a step of cooling, filtering and drying. A method for producing the risedronate sodium anhydrate comprises: a step of adding methanol to risedronate sodium 2.5 hydrate; a step of stirring for 7-20 hours; and a step of cooling, filtering, and drying.
Patent KR-20090060915-A (KR)
Title: Digital broadcasting system and method for serving broadcast thereof
Inventor: BAE YU SEOK
IPC: H04N21/23
Filed: 2007-12-10
Abstract: A digital broadcasting system and a broadcasting service method thereof are provided to search broadcasting service information through a separate channel for all broadcasting channels of digital broadcasting retransmitted to an IP network. A broadcasting receiver(21) receives a real-time or stored broadcasting stream from a digital broadcasting receiving unit under IPTV environment. An image information processor(23) compresses image information of the broadcasting stream according to an IP network bandwidth, and sends the compressed information to a terminal by using an IP network channel. A broadcasting information processor(25) generates broadcasting service search information, and transmits the broadcasting service search information to the terminal through another IP network.
Patent KR-20090063429-A (KR)
Title: Active headrest device for vehicle
Inventor: LEE HWA JOON
IPC: B60N2/48
Filed: 2007-12-14
Abstract: An active headrest device for a vehicle is provided to reduce damage to the necks of passengers by keeping lifted and forward rotated states thereof in spite of the thickness of seat backs. An active headrest device for a vehicle includes an actuator(10), a push plate(20), lock elements(30), and a headrest unit(50). The actuator has an under cover(13) fixed to a base bracket which is mounted to a seatback frame, an air dam(15) supported by the under cover, and an upper cover(16) covering the air dam at an upper part of the under cover at a predetermined distance from the both sides of the under cover. The push plate is mounted at a lower part of the upper cover. The lock elements are mounted at both sides of the lower parts of the push plate and a cylinder of the air dam and releases the locking of the air dam as an external impact is applied to the push plate. The headrest unit has stay guides(53a,53b) mounted at both sides of the upper part of the air dam cylinder, stay guide grooves formed at upper parts of the seatback frame, and stays(55a,55b) mounted with a headrest at an upper part to be inserted into the stay guides via the stay guide grooves.
Patent KR-20090063605-A (KR)
Title: Process for making snak from apple
Inventor: KIM MI JA
IPC: A23L19/00
Filed: 2007-12-14
Abstract: A method for preparing an apple snack using a soaking liquid is provided to show natural taste and flavor of apples and to prevent the browning of apples without separate chemical treatment by soaking apples in the soaking liquid. A method for preparing an apple snack comprises the following steps of: washing apple with water; dividing the washed apple into 4 pieces and removing seeds; slicing the apple 2-10mm in thickness; soaking the sliced apple in a soaking liquid containing 2 liters of water, 75-600g of sugar, 11-90g of salt, 2.5-20g of vitamin C and 1.25-10g of citric acid for 30 minutes or more; taking the apple out of the soaking liquid and removing moisture; and drying the apple using a hot-wind drier. The drying step is performed with 45~80°C of hot wind for 3-10 hours until the apple contains 3-11% of moisture.
Patent KR-20090067880-A (KR)
Title: Method for providing information in iptv service
Inventor: YOUN TAEK HYUN
IPC: H04N21/2381
Filed: 2007-12-21
Abstract: An information providing method at the IPTV service is provided, which enables to confirm the detailed information of the specific news video image without stopping of the image. An information providing method at the IPTV(Internet Protocol Television) service is as follows. Information data of the news and news data is received from the news server(140) and is stored. The news manager table is updated with reference to information data. In the set top box, contents data are received from the contents server and are in the display device. One or more news video images included in news data are displayed in the form of the ticker. In the set top box, the focusing event about the specific news video image is sensed among the displayed news video image. The displayed ticker form news video image is stopped. In the set top box, the selection event about the specific news video image is sensed. The detailed information corresponding to the specific news video image is displayed in one part of the display equipment screen.
Patent KR-20080061292-A (KR)
Title: Liquid crystal device and electronic apparatus
Inventor: KENMOCHI NOBUHIKO
IPC: G02F1/136
Filed: 2007-12-24
Abstract: An LC device and an electronic apparatus are provided to implement a display unit having a photoelectric conversion function through a simple structure by using the LC device as the display unit, thereby firmly performing light input with respect to the LC device. An LC(Liquid Crystal) device comprises plural first scan lines(10), plural signal lines(14) and a pixel unit(16). The pixel unit comprises a first transistor(40), a pixel electrode(48), a common electrode(50) and an LC layer(52). A second scan line(12) is disposed in parallel to the first scan line. A second transistor(42) is a part of the pixel unit, and comprises a gate, a source and a drain. The gate is connected to the second scan line. Source/drain of one side is connected to source/drain of the other side of the first transistor. Source/drain of the other side is connected to a power source line. A first light blocking layer covers one side of the first and second transistors.
Patent KR-20090069721-A (KR)
Title: Dust separating apparatus of vacuunm cleaner
Inventor: LEE DONG JAE
IPC: A47L9/16
Filed: 2007-12-26
Abstract: A dust extraction apparatus of a vacuum cleaner is provided to enlarge the flow route area of air by generating a plurality of cyclone flows inside a cyclone part according to forming an air sucking part and a plurality of air exhausting parts on the cyclone part. A dust extraction apparatus of a vacuum cleaner comprises a dust extraction part(10) and a dust storage part(201). The dust extraction part sucks air and extracts dust and includes an air sucking part, a dust exhausting part, and an air exhausting part(140). The air sucking part is formed at one side of the central part of the dust extraction part and sucks air. The dust exhausting part is formed at the other side of the central part of the dust extraction part. The air which the dust is extracted from is exhausted in the air exhausting part. The dust storage part is provided to one side of the dust extraction part and stores the extracted dust and comprises a dust collecting vessel(20) and a dust collecting cover(30).
Patent KR-20090027556-A (KR)
Title: System for managing electric filing document, and method therefor, and the recording media storing the program performing the said method
Inventor: KANG HYUN KU
IPC: G06Q50/26
Filed: 2007-12-28
Abstract: A system for managing electronic filing documents and a recording medium in which a program for realizing the method is stored are provided to enable a user server to obtain various electronic document certificates through a electronic document depository server, and offer the original electronic document and electronic document certificates after encoding them by using the structures of the SIP(Submission Information Package), DIP(Dissemination Information Package) or AIP(Archival Information Package). A user server(120) generates a certificate requesting message, stores an electronic document certificate, verifies the issued or stored electronic document certificate, and then prints the electronic document certificate on a paper after preventing the forgery/falsification of the electronic document certificate. An electronic document depository server(130), when the certificate requesting message is provided, verifies certificate requesting message and then issues an electronic document certificate.
Patent KR-20070031994-A (KR)
IPC: A23L29/00
Filed: 2005-07-07
Abstract: 본 발명자는 서열번호: 1에 나타난 슈도모나스 사카로필라 엑소아밀라제 서열의 위치 번호를 참고로 121, 161, 223, 146, 157, 158, 198, 229, 3O3, 306, 309, 316, 353, 26, 7O, 145, 188, 272, 339로 구성된 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 위치에서의 아미노산 돌연변이를 포함하고, 넌-말토제닉 엑소아밀라제 활성을 지닌 모폴리펩타이드로부터 유도 가능한 PS4 변이 폴리펩타이드를 기술한다.
Patent KR-20070044834-A (KR)
Inventor: NINOMIYA WATARU
IPC: B01J27/057
Filed: 2005-06-02
Abstract: 본 발명은 올레핀으로부터 α, β-불포화알데하이드 및 α, β-불포화카복실산을, 또는 α, β-불포화알데하이드로부터 α, β-불포화카복실산을 고선택율 또는 고생산적으로 제조하는 데에 사용되는 팔라듐 함유 촉매, 그 제조방법, 및 올레핀으로부터 α, β-불포화알데하이드 및 α, β-불포화카복실산을, 또는 α, β-불포화알데하이드로부터 α, β-불포화카복실산을 고선택율 또는 고생산적으로 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 팔라듐 금속 1.0몰에 대하여 텔루륨 금속 0.001 내지 0.40몰을 함유하는 팔라듐 함유 촉매를 제공한다.  이 촉매는 산화상태의 팔라듐 원자 및 산화상태의 텔루륨 원자를 함유하는 화합물을 환원제로 환원하는 공정을 포함하는 팔라듐 함유 촉매의 제조방법에 의해 바람직하게 제조될 수 있다.
Patent KR-20070028573-A (KR)
Title: Anticancer agent containing minus-strand rna virus
Inventor: OKANO SHINJI
IPC: A61K48/00
Filed: 2005-04-28
Abstract: It is found out that a minus-strand RNA virus has an efficient tumor-suppressive effect even in the case of carrying no gene having a therapeutic effect. Thus, it is intended to provide an anticancer agent containing the minus-strand RNA virus; a process for producing an anticancer agent which comprises the step of mixing the minus-strand RNA virus with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and a method of suppressing cancer which comprises the step of administering the minus-strand RNA virus to a cancerous tissue. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Patent KR-20070057779-A (KR)
Title: Compounds and their preparation for the treatment of alzheimer's disease by inhibiting beta-amyloid peptide production
Inventor: LANDRY DONALD W
IPC: C07J17/00
Filed: 2005-07-11
Abstract: The present invention provides novel ginsenoside compounds, compositions (e.g. pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the ginsenoside compounds, and methods for the synthesis of these ginsenoside compounds. Additionally, the present invention provides methods for inhibiting beta-amyloid peptide production and methods for treating or preventing a pathological condition, particularly, neurodegeneration diseases (e.g. Alzheimer's disease), using these ginsenoside compounds.
Patent KR-20070046876-A (KR)
Inventor: JOHNSON MARK T
IPC: G02F1/167
Filed: 2005-07-27
Abstract: 능동 매트릭스 디바이스는 공통 기판 상에 행 및 열의 픽셀 배열을 갖는다. 각각의 픽셀은 행 전도체(12), 열 전도체(10), 및 제 1 및 제 2 동일 평면 전극 패턴(36, 40)을 갖는다. 제 1 절연 부분(30)은 행 전도체(12)와 제 1 전극 패턴(32) 사이 또는 열 전도체 부분(10)과 제 2 전극 패턴(40) 사이에 배치된다. 절연 부분(30)과 둘러싸는 전극 패턴(32, 40), 및 전도체 부분(12 또는 10)은 금속-절연체-금속(Metal-insulator-Metal) 다이오드 디바이스를 한정한다. 본 발명은 픽셀 레이아웃이 단일 기판 상에 한정되는 MIM-다이오드 기반의 능동 매트릭스 동일 평면 스위칭 능동 매트릭스 디바이스를 제공한다. 본 발명의 디바이스는 롤-투-롤(roll-to-roll) 제조와 같은 저비용의 제조 공정과 호환된다.
Patent KR-20070037646-A (KR)
Inventor: YAKUSHIJI KOJI
IPC: H01L33/32
Filed: 2005-08-17
Abstract: 본 발명은 기판 상에 적어도 제1 도전형 반도체층(2), 활성층(3) 및 제2 도전형 반도체층(4)을 적층하여 웨이퍼를 형성한 다음, 반도체층의 성장면측에 제1 도전형 반도체층을 노출하는 제1 트렌치(40)를 형성하고, 또한 상기 제1 트렌치로부터 기판에 도달하는 제2 트렌치(50)를 레이저빔으로 형성하고, 이어서 제2 트렌치에 대응하는 위치에 기판으로부터 제3 트렌치(60)를 형성하고, 최후에 웨이퍼를 칩으로 절단하는 것을 포함하는 반도체 발광소자의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 제조된 반도체칩은 그 단면이 매끈한 표면인 경우에도 향상된 광추출 효율을 제공하고 칩의 단면의 변형없이 반도체층을 절단할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20070055509-A (KR)
Inventor: CHEN JIAN
IPC: H01L31/113
Filed: 2005-07-15
Abstract: 트랜지스터(50)는 활성 영역(52) 내에 위치한 소스(72) 및 드레인(74)을 포함한다. 게이트(54)는 활성 영역의 채널 영역 위에 위치하고, 채널 영역은 소스와 드레인을 분리한다. 트랜지스터는 또한 소스에서 드레인으로 확장하고, 게이트, 소스, 및 드레인과 관련된 커패시턴스를 감소시키기 위해 게이트 아래에 놓인 적어도 하나의 응력 변경자 및 용량성 감소 특징(58, 60)을 포함한다. 적어도 하나의 응력 변경자 및 용량성 감소 특징은 유전체를 포함하며, 활성 영역에 의해 적어도 부분적으로 정의된 형태를 포함한다. 
       
     트랜지스터, 소스, 드레인, 응력, 커패시턴스
Patent KR-20070057881-A (KR)
Title: Stabilized lubricant compositions
Inventor: DONG JUN
IPC: C10M141/10
Filed: 2005-08-18
Abstract: A stabilized lubricant composition is disclosed that comprises lubricating oil and a mixture of (a) at least one organophosphite compound and (b) at least one aromatic secondary amine or one substituted phenol or mixtures thereof. The compositions have been found to be highly resistant to oxidation under demanding service conditions and to be useful as turbine lubricants.
Patent KR-20070061848-A (KR)
Title: Engine room in a sealable container
Inventor: DIGREGORIO ROBERT
IPC: F02B77/00
Filed: 2005-10-07
Abstract: A sealable engine containment assembly provides a waterproof environment for an internal combustion engine and ancillary equipment, thus performing a "engine room" in a sealable container. The container includes an air inlet port for passage of air from the container exterior, and an exit port for passage of engine exhaust to the container's exterior. Both the inlet and exhaust ports have valves to isolate the port from the container exterior when the engine is not operating. A waterproof coupling for transmission of engine drive shaft output may be provided, along with waterproof couplings for electrical, hydraulic and fuel lines. The engine assembly is of utility in open- hull submersible vessels as well as for use in other environments where potential water ingress could prove deleterious to conventional internal engine assemblies.
Patent KR-20070051356-A (KR)
Inventor: FURUSHIMA KIYOSHI
IPC: B22D19/16
Filed: 2005-09-13
Abstract: 면적 비율로 MC 탄화물이 20~60% 분산된 조직을 가지는 압연 롤용 외층은, 질량%로, C: 2.2~6.0%, Si: 0.1~3.5%, Mn: 0.1~3.5%, 및 V: 8~22%를 함유하고 나머지 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물 원소로 이루어지는 조성을 가지는 용탕을 원심 주조함으로써, MC 탄화물이 농화한 내주층, MC 탄화물이 부족한 외주층, 상기 내주층과 상기 외주층 사이에서 MC 탄화물의 면적 비율이 변화하는 농도 경사층으로 이루어지는 원통체를 제작하고, MC 탄화물의 면적 비율이 20% 이상으로 되는 깊이까지 상기 원통체를 절삭 가공함으로써 제조된다. 
       
     면적 비율, 조직, 압연 롤, 외층, 불순물 원소, 조성, 용탕, 원심 주조, 내주층, 외주층, 농도 경사층, 원통체.