baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-994958-A (GB)
Title: Polymerization of conjugated diolefins
IPC: C08F36/04
Filed: 1964-01-02
Abstract: Homopolymers and copolymers of open chain conjugated di-olefinic hydrocarbons in which at least 90% of the diolefinic hydrocarbon units are in the trans-1,4 configuration are made by polymerizing one or more of the hydrocarbons in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) vanadium tetrachloride, (b) a compound of the formula TiXnY4- n, where X is chlorine or bromine, Y is chlorine, bromine, iodine or a hydrocarbon radical, and n is 1 or 2, and (c) a lithium hydrocarbon. The vanadium tetrachloride and the lithium hydrocarbon are admixed in the presence of the diolefinic hydrocarbon. The (a) component need not be pure but may contain impurities such as ferric or silicon chloride.  The Specification lists suitable (b) and (c) compounds. The (c) compound may be prepared in situ, i.e. lithium metal in the presence of a di-olefin.  The polymerization is preferably effected in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon medium.  The preferred catalyst is (a) vanadium tetrachloride, (b) TiCl4, and (c) lithium n-butyl.  The di-olefines may be butadiene-1,3, isoprene, piperylene, 2,3-dimethyl butadiene, or 2-phenyl butadiene. Exemplified are homo- and co-polymers of butadiene and isoprene.  The copolymers have the following characteristics:  (1) amorphous, containing 30 to 40 mole per cent of butadiene-1,3, and at least 90% of both butadiene and isoprene units with trans-configuration, (2) at least 90% of both units with a trans-configuration and an X-ray crystallinity of trans-poly-butadiene units of at least 20%, and (3) at least 90% of both units with a trans-configuration and an X-ray crystallinity of trans-polyisoprene of from 20 to 30%'
Patent GB-721361-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of aldehydes and acetals
IPC: C07C43/303
Filed: 1952-01-03
Abstract: Acetals are made by treating an olefinically unsaturated compound having a functional group other than a free aldehyde group, with CO and H2 in the presence of a mono- or di-hydric alcohol and a cobalt catalyst, at elevated temperature and pressure, to introduce an aldehyde group at the double bond and thereafter reacting at least part of the aldehydic product together with the acetal thereof, with a mono- or di-hydric alcohol to convert the aldehyde to an acetal, the acetal or acetals being recovered by fractional distillation. Temperatures of 100-180 DEG  C. and pressures of 50-250, especially 100-250, atmos. are preferred for the synthesis.  Specified olefinic feedstocks are allyl and crotyl alcohol, acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic and oleic acid, ethyl and methyl acrylate and methacrylate, allyl acetate, tetrahydro-benzyl acetate and benzoate.  Unsaturated ketones and nitriles are also mentioned. Generally the same alcohol is used in each stage.  Saturated mono-hydric alcohols of 1-4 carbon atoms/molecule or di-hydric alcohols of 2-4 carbon atoms/molecule are preferred, e.g. ethylene and 1,3- and 2,3-butylene glycols, 1,3-propane diol, methanol, ethanol, propanol, n-butanol and iso-butanol. Cycloaliphatic alcohols are also mentioned.  Preferably the oxo-synthesis is effected in the presence of a solvent which boils below the boiling point of the acetal or acetals formed. Preferred solvents are hydrocarbons, e.g. low molecular weight paraffins, naphthenes, e.g. cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane, aromatics, e.g. benzene, and gasoline fractions.  The acetalization may be effected in the presence of the solvent, the water formed being removed by azeotropic distillation. Acetalization is preferably effected in a solvent boiling below about 100 DEG  C., e.g. hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and ethers, in the presence of ammonium chloride as catalyst. Generally the cobalt catalyst will be decomposed during the acetalization reaction.  The acetal may be converted to the corresponding aldehyde by usual methods.  Preferred catalysts for the oxo-synthesis are cobalt carbonyls and carbonyl hydrates used in liquid or gaseous phase.  Preferably the catalyst is present in the olefine feed in an amount of 0.01-5, especially 0.05-2 per cent.  In an example ethyl acrylate is reacted with CO and H2 in the presence of benzene, ethanol and dicobalt octacarbonyl as catalyst to yield betacarbethoxypropionaldehyde and its diethyl acetal, the aldehyde being converted to further quantities of the acetal by treatment with ethanol in the presence of ammonium chloride.  A diagram of apparatus suitable for the reactions of the example is also provided.  Specifications 702,191, 702,192, 702,195, 702,196, 702,197, 702,201, 702,203, 702,204, 702,221, 702,222, 702,241 and 702,242 are referred to.
Patent GB-800691-A (GB)
Title: Photographic roll-film camera incorporating a device for indicating the beginning of the film and the individual film frames
IPC: G03B19/04
Filed: 1955-01-04
Abstract: 800,691. Photographic cameras. AGFA CAMERA-WERK A.G. Jan. 4, 1955 [Jan. [Jan. 11, 1954], No. 227/55. Class 98(1) In a camera for roll film provided with a leading strip of backing paper, a mechanism which enables the film to be advanced without observation of the backing paper to the first exposure position comprises a feeler responsive to the difference in penetrability between the backing paper and the film. The feeler may be a star wheel 6 the teeth of which pierce the leading strip of backing paper but not the film so that the passage of the leading edge of the film toward the exposure window 3 Forces gears 7 and 15 into mesh to operate exposure counter 18 and discs 20 and 23. As shown, roller 5 and wheel 6 are fast on shaft 4 rotatable in bearings in levels 8 and 9 pivoted at 10 and 11 respectively. Part 26d of lever 26 co-operates with the camera back and, when this is removed arms 26a, 26b and 26c prevent the engagement of wheels 7 and 15 and hold latches 22 and 24 in their inoperative positions, respectively, so that the exposure counter can be reset by spring means (not shown). When the back is replaced the end 26d is moved away from its stop 38 and the spring loading of latches 24 and 22 ensures that projection 24a rests on the smooth part of slotted disc 23 and the projection on latch 22 rests on the cam portion of disc 20. Wheels 7, 15 are then retained out of mesh only by tension spring 12. The film is wound by knob 27 and, a short time after the feeler has been operated, wheels 15 and 7 are locked in gear by latch 22 engaging member 8a as its projection slides off the cam portion of disc 20. The locking is not immediate since the projection on latch 22 starts some distance behind the abrupt end of this cam portion so that any irregularity in the backing paper can only produce a temparary engagement of wheels 7 and 15. Under the action of compression spring 21, lever 22 co-operates with the inclined face of member 8a to withdraw wheel 6 from contact with the film without interrupting the film metering by roller 5. When the first 'frame of the film is about to be correctly positioned, projection 24a falls into the first slot in disc 23 and locks the film wind. The operation of the shutter release (not shown) returns lever 24 to its original position in which it is retained until the film is again advanced. The locking between member 8a and latch 22 is not released until the camera back is removed.
Patent GB-685261-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for cleaning waterways
IPC: E02B3/02
Filed: 1951-01-03
Abstract: 685,261. Cleaning waterways. VILLOTA Y ACHA, C. DE. Jan. 3, 1951 [Jan. 5, 1950], No. 257/51. Class 68(i) A machine for cleaning waterways such as canals comprises a floating body, having means to constrain the water passing the body to flow through a restricted outlet thus increasing the water velocity and so cleaning the sides and bottom of the waterway, and a cable or the like to moor the body with respect to a predetermined part of the waterway and wound on a drum or the like rotatable by means of a hydraulic motor. In the form shown, a board K, pivotally carried by a floating body A and of similar section to the canal causes increased water to flow at the sides and bottom of the canal. The body A is moored by cables J, G which are wound around drums E, F respectively driven by a hydraulic motor D via a clutch I and reduction gearing L, M. Water passing between bars B and through the floating body drives the hydraulic motor D which winds in the cable J on the drum E whilst a stop T on the cable actuates a tripping mechanism H which declutches the drum E from the motor and couples the motor to the drum F. The body is then carried downstream by the current and by the winding of the cable G on the drum F while another stop R declutches this drum and couples the drum E to the motor. The motor D may also operate a rolling or percussive mechanism or may be carried on a separate unit fixed to the canal bank. The board K may be dispensed with, the draught of the body being sufficient to cause the necessary water velocity increase.
Patent GB-824382-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic jack
IPC: B66F3/42
Filed: 1957-01-03
Abstract: 824,382. Hydraulic jacks. MECANIQUE INDUSTRIE-CHIMIE M.I.C. Jan. 3, 1957 [Jan. 3, 1956; June 27, 1956], No. 272/57. Class 78 (3). In an hydraulic jack the chambers on either side of the piston 17 carrying the lifting head 22 contain oil and are interconnected by a control pump 1, and means are provided for compensating for the differences in the volume occupied by the oil due to the movement of the piston-rod 18 into and out of the cylinder 2. The compensating means comprises a cylinder 3 with a piston 26 biased upwardly by a spring 25 of sufficient strength to keep the piston in contact with the oil at all times. A pipe (not shown) joins the passage 5 to the passage 24 through a non-return valve which is unseated by excess pressure in the lower part of the cylinder 2, or by a hand lever to allow the piston 17 to descend. The lifting head 22 is attached to the piston-rod 18 through a roller bearing 23. In another embodiment, Fig. 3, the compensating means comprises a free annular piston 41<SP>1</SP> downwardly biased by a spring 42<SP>1</SP> on to the surface of the oil in the cylinder 2.
Patent GB-1521241-A (GB)
Title: Metallization of components
IPC: C04B37/02
Filed: 1977-01-06
Abstract: 1521241 Metallizing ceramics SIEMENS AG 6 Jan 1977 [20 Feb 19761 00323/77 Heading C7D Substrates such as Al 2 O 3 , BeO, quartz and sapphire are metallized by coating with a powder mixture consisting of at least 92% Ag and CuO which has a maximum particle size of 2 microns, suspended in an organic liquid and sintering the mixture. The preferred mixture contains 92-95% Ag and 8-5% CuO.
Patent GB-589668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to metal window and like frames
IPC: E06B3/12
Filed: 1945-01-04
Abstract: 589,668. Window frames. SENIOR, J. H. Jan. 4, 1945, No. 365. Addition to 589,651. [Class 20 (iii)] A window frame as in the parent Specification is formed from a single sheet of metal by one or more stamping or drawing operations.
Patent GB-122870-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Aluminium Alloy.
Inventor: RAND FRANK RICHARD
IPC: C22C21/12
Filed: 1918-01-07
Abstract: 122,870. Rand, F. R., and Vautin, C. T. J. Jan. 7, 1918. Alloys.-An aluminium alloy contains 85-97¢ per cent of aluminium, and the remainder a copper-nickel alloy composed of 75-80 per cent of copper and 20-25 per cent of nickel. In making the alloy, a small amount of phosphide of aluminium or phosphide of copper may be added as a cleansing-agent.
Patent GB-508865-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to high pressure hand lubricators
IPC: F16N3/08
Filed: 1938-01-06
Abstract: 508,865. Lubricant pumps. MORROW LUBRICATOR CO. Jan. 6, 1938, No. 453. Convention date, Sept. 23, 1937. [Class 102 (i)] A lubricating-pump, adapted to be attached to an ordinary commercial lubricant container E, comprises a body A having an integral flange or an attached cap D, which can be screwed on to the container. A suction passage 40 in the body A communicates with a suction pipe 43. The latter may be flexible and weighted, so that it may be always submerged. The body is provided with finger grips 38, 39, and the plunger rod C terminates in a thumb-piece 1. The rod C has a coned portion 26, which engages a seating in the piston H. The latter is acted on by a spring 30, confined between the piston and a nut 29a on the end of the rod C. A spring 55 is confined between the nut 29a and the end of the barrel. A spout B, attached to the barrel by means of a union 12, contains a discharge valve 18, which is acted on by a spring 17. The latter is contained in a sleeve G and is guided by a finger 16 on a plate 15. which is press fitted into the sleeve. The rod C carries packing washers K, which also control an air passage 53 leading to the container E.
Patent GB-718871-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to arc welding apparatus
IPC: B23K9/10
Filed: 1953-01-07
Abstract: 718,871. Supplying welding arcs. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC INTERNATIONAL CO. Jan. 7, 1953 [Feb. 28, 1952], No. 471/53. Class 38(4) A transformer T having a main secondary winding S supplying a D.C. arc welding circuit SL1, SL2 -through rectifiers 1R-6R, has an auxiliary secondary winding AS, of lower voltage than the main winding S, which is also connected across the welding circuit through further rectifiers 7R-9R, so that upon a predetermined reduction of arc voltage, due to, say, semi-molten metal partially short-circuiting the arc, the auxiliary secondary winding becomes effective to supply additional current to the arc and restore normal voltage conditions by burning out the short-circuit. The auxiliary secondary winding may have a short time rating, in which case a thermal switch TH may be arranged to interrupt the auxiliary supply circuit if that circuit supplies current for a predetermined time, which, however, varies with the magnitude of the current supplied. A rheostat RH, which may have an " off position, controls the maximum value of current which may be taken from the auxiliary circuit. The normal welding voltage is controlled by variable reactors RX2 and RX3.
Patent GB-946468-A (GB)
Title: Improved ignition device for excitrons
Inventor: RICHTER WOLFGANG
IPC: H01J13/02
Filed: 1961-01-05
Abstract: 946,468. Liquid electrode apparatus. ELEKTRO-APPABATE-WEBKE J. W. STALIN VEB. Jan. 5, 1961, No. 509/61. Heading H1D. An excitron comprises a metal vessel 1 containing mercury 2 and an electrode 4, having a lower electrical resistance than mercury, immersed in the mercury and insulated from the vessel, the arrangement being such that in operation a P.D. between the vessel and the electrode causes current to flow through the mercury and the temperature of the electrode to rise, whereby mercury vapour is formed around the electrode to create an effective spark gap between the electrode and the mercury, resulting in an exciter or auxiliary discharge arc across the gap. The electrode is preferably of tungsten or molybdenum and its cross-sectional area may be a minimum just below its contact surface with the mercury so as to minimize thermal stresses within the electrode.
Patent GB-192577-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in valves or cocks for steam traps
IPC: F01B25/00
Filed: 1922-01-07
Abstract: 192,577. Kay, J. Jan. 7, 1922. Closure members, rotary conical.-A rotary conical valve for a steam trap is provided with means for preventing binding due to heat expansion. The casing A is provided with an outlet port a' to the air, and a port a<2> to a hollow float. A hollow plug B is fitted with the usual conical portion b and with an outlet b<3> for steam. The parallel portion d' of the plug is threaded and carries a screwed sleeve D which compresses packing E, and adjusts the position of the plug. The smaller end of the plug carries lock-nuts g, g<1>, a spring G, and sleeve F, the latter screwing into the casing. Two grooves H, Fig. 6, lead from the ports to an annular groove H<1> so that water may pass slowly from the inlet to the float and a sudden rush is prevented.
Patent GB-754213-A (GB)
Title: Steam power plants
IPC: F01K7/24
Filed: 1954-01-08
Abstract: 754,213. Steam turbine plant. SULZER FRERES, SOC. ANON. Jan. 8, 1954 [Jan. 27. 1953], No. 565/54. Class 110(3) In a plant having an intermediate superheater heated by flue gas and arranged between high and low pressure turbines, when operating conditions are such that it is undesirable to pass all the steam generated through the turbines, part of the steam is tapped from the supply to the high pressure turbine and by-passed through a cooler to the intermediate superheater. The same weight of steam is withdrawn from the plant upstream of the low pressure turbine to by-pass the latter. A high pressure turbine 10 is fed from a steam generator 1 through a superheater 3 and exhausts through an intermediate superheater 9 heated by flue gases of the boiler to an intermediate pressure turbine 11 which exhausts to low pressure turbines 12. A throttle valve 25 and quick acting valves 26, 27 are provided where shown. Turbines 12 exhaust to a condenser 14 coupled through a condensate pump 22 and a feed pump 2 to the boiler 1. A by-pass connection 6 between the outlet of superheater 3 and the inlet of superheater 9 includes valve 7 and a cooler 8 having a connection to the boiler feed supply controlled by a valve 19 and a connection 21 through a steam trap 20 to a cooler 18 discharging to the condenser. The cooler 18 is also connected through valve 17 to the outlet side of the superheater 9 and is fed with cooling water from the return feed connection 23 through valve 24. As shown in Fig. 2 the closure member of valve 17 is controlled by a spring loaded piston 28 subjected to the oil pressure in a pipe line 29 including a throttle 31 and a pressure release valve 30 controlled bv a diaphragm 32 subjected on opposite sides and over different areas to the pressures in the superheater 9 and the impulse stage of turbine 10 respectively. When the valve 7 is closed valves 30 and 17 close automatically. Alternatively the valve 17 may be controlled in accordance with the ratio of the amounts of steam flowing through and by-passing the high pressure turbine or in accordance with the pressure on the outlet side of the intermediate superheater, or the valve 17 may be adjusted by the inlet valve control for the high pressure turbine.
Patent GB-1378521-A (GB)
Title: Passive vertical convergence circuit
Inventor: PETER R
IPC: H04N9/28
Filed: 1971-01-06
Abstract: 1378521 Cathode-ray tube circuits RCA CORPORATION 5 Jan 1972 [6 Jan 1971] 569/71 Heading H4T  Dyanmic convergence currents for the Red,  Green and Blue convergence windings L2, L3 and L4 (Fig. 1) of a three-gun colour display cathode-ray tube are produced by the voltage across the vertical deflection winding L1/2 + L1/2. During the first half of the scan (top), when the scan sawtooth voltage is negative, conduction occurs in the Red winding via diodes CR2 and CR3, in the Green winding via CR2 and  CR7 and in the Blue winding via CR10 whilst during the second half of the scan (bottom), when the sawtooth voltage is positive, conduction occurs via diodes CR1 and the similarly poled diodes. The proportioning of the currents to provide the top, bottom and differential corrections is effected by the indicated potentiometers. The convergence currents so produced have a parabolic waveform due to the integrating action of the inductance of the windings on the applied sawtooth voltage (Fig. 3, not shown). The scanning coils L1 preferably comprise a toroidal yoke which has a low inductance-toresistance ratio so that the negatively going pulse which occurs during fly-back is negligible. If, however, other yokes producing a substantial negatively going pulse are employed, diodes CR5 and CR6 with associated current limiting resistors R5 and R6, are shunted across the windings L3 and L2 to by-pass the latter during the occurrence of such pulses and thereby reduce possible distortion of the convergence waveforms at the top of the picture.  The vertical deflection circuit includes a temperature compensating thermistor NTE having a negative temperature coefficient, a pincushion connection transformer T1, a relatively large S-correction capacitor C1 and a current sampling resistor R11. The output amplifier 10, which is transformerless, receives negative feed-back (not shown) from across C1 and R11.
Patent GB-674265-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for counting particles
Inventor: WOLFF HEINZ SIEGFRIED
IPC: A61B5/145
Filed: 1950-01-10
Abstract: 674,265. Counting particles photo-electrically. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Jan. 9, 1951 [Jan. 10, 1950], No. 595/50. Class 40 (iii). In counting the number of particles randomly distributed on a surface such as in a diluted blood sample, different width strips are successively examined, a detector producing an electrical pulse in response to each particle. The invention is based on the assumption that the correct number of particles in unit area of a long strip of length y and width n is <SP>1</SP>/ y  <SP>dn</SP>/ dc  where n is the number counted. As shown, the sample in the form of a thin film in a recess on a glass surface 5 is traversed beneath the eyepiece of a microscope in such a way that a long strip is moved beneath the objective, the whole sample being then advanced so that a further strip is scanned. The light directed through the sample by a source 5 is received at a photomultiplier 9. The width of the strip under examination is determined by a rectangular aperture 7 which may be rotated through a right-angle in its own plane to vary the width. Traversing mechanism, Fig. 2.-The specimen on the surface 10 is advanced steadily against the action of a spring 18 in guides 13 by a cam 21 on the shaft of a continuously-driven motor 30 (Fig. 1). On the same shaft is mounted a bevel wheel 23 having only two teeth which advances the specimen carrier in steps through a leadscrew 28, and a commutator 31 which shortcircuits the photo-tube amplifier 33 at those times when the slide is not traversing uniformly. The commutator also operates a counter 36 which switches off the motor after the slide has advanced a certain number of times. In use the aperture 7 is set so that a wide strip is examined, 200 strips, say, being examined successively while the counter 34 counts the number of particles encountered. The aperture is now rotated and 200 narrow strips are examined, the drive to the register being reversed so that the number of particles is subtracted. In the arrangement described the aperture is 20 microns by 10 microns so that the final number of particles counted is the number in 200-10 micron strips. Additional counters 38, 39 preceded by pulse width discriminators may be used to count particles in particular size ranges.
Patent GB-746086-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in jet-producing devices
Inventor: ADAMS HENRY HEWARD
IPC: A62C31/00
Filed: 1954-01-08
Abstract: 746,086. Spray-producers. PYRENE CO., Ltd. Jan. 8, 1954, No. 611/54. Addition to 696,787. Class 69 (3). A device producing impinging liquid jets consists of a tubular member 1 to the outlet end of which are bolted plates 5, 6. The plates are soldered together and holes 7 in plate 5 are partly overlapped by holes 8 in plate 6 to produce the jet impingement. A foam is produced by means of a tube 12 with air openings 13.