baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-775764-A (GB)
Title: Plasticised polymethyl methacrylates
Inventor: COFFEY DAVID HAY
IPC: C08L33/12
Filed: 1953-12-18
Abstract: Polymethylmethacrylate or a copolymer of methyl methacrylate with another polymerizable compound (e.g. methacrylic acid) is plasticized with a mixed polyester, liquid at 25 DEG  C., derived from (a) a glycol (e.g. 1:2-propylene-, diethylene-, or 1:3-butylene-glycol; (b) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (e.g. succinic, glutaric, adipic, methyladipic, pimelic or suberic acids); (c) an aromatic monocarboxylic acid (e.g. benzoic, o-toluic, m-toluic, p-toluic or chlorobenzoic acids); and (d) an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid (e.g. lauric, palmitic, stearic or oleic acids or mixtures of fatty acids derived from animal or vegetable oils); at least 50 mol. per cent of the monocarboxylic acids being the aromatic acid.  The polyesters may be formed by condensing the glycol with the free acids or their acid chlorides or with their lower alkyl esters in presence of an ester-interchange catalyst (e.g. ZnO, PbO, Sb2O3, ZnCl2, SnCl2 or Zn (O.COCH3)2).  The mixture of the two resins may be formed by milling them together, mixing solution or dispersion of them or by polymerizing methyl methacrylate in solution in the polyester.  The composition may be formed into shapes or calendered or spread on to a substrate. They may also be used in lacquers or varnishes for finishing leather, paper, rubber and plastic materials and as components for paints.  In examples, a polyester from 1:2-propylene glycol, adipic or succinic acid, p-toluic acid and lauric acid is mixed with a solution of polymethyl methacrylate in xylene and films are prepared by evaporating off the solvent.
Patent GB-1530799-A (GB)
Title: Detergent compositions
IPC: C11D3/06
Filed: 1975-08-28
Abstract: 1530799 Powdered alkaline detergent composition for fabrics UNILEVER Ltd 26 Aug 1976 [28 Aug 1975] 35545/75 Heading C5D A powdered alkaline fabric washing detergent composition comprises 5-30 wt. per cent of a synthetic anionic, non-ionic, amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compound or a mixture thereof, 10-30 wt. per cent of mixed alkali metal tripolyphosphate and alkali metal orthophospate in the wt. ratio of from 10:1 to 1:5, there being at least 5 wt. per cent of tripolyphosphate, and not more than 5 wt. per cent of alkali metal pyrophosphate, which is preferably absent. The pH of a 0À1% aqueous solution of the composition is in the range 9-11. Soap, preferably 0À5-25 wt. per cent of C 10-24  fatty acids at least half being C 16  or over, may also be present. Preferred detergent compounds are synthetic anionic and nonionic compounds. The former are usually water soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having C 8 -C 22  alkyl radicals, including the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals. Suitable non-ionic compounds include the reaction products of alkylene oxides with alkyl phenols, the condensation products of aliphatic primary or secondary alcohols with ethylene oxide, the condensation products of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine, long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides, and dialkyl sulphoxides. Optional ingredients include lather boosters such as alkanolamides, lather depressants such as alkyl phosphates and silicones, anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate, preferably in amount of 10-40 wt. per cent, and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as trichloroisocyanuric acid and alkali metal salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid, fabric softening agents, inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, and magnesium silicate, enzymes such as proteases and amylases, perfumes, fluorescent agents, germicides, and colorants. Other optional ingredients include an antideposition agent, preferably 0À1-5 wt. per cent, for example a salt of a homo- or copolymer of acrylic acid or a substituted acrylic acid, preferably a sodium polyacrylate having a MW of 10,000-50,000, or a copolymer of maleic anhydride with ethylene, vinyl methyl ether, or styrene, or sodium salts of polymaleic acid and polyitaconic acid, phosphate esters of ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols, polyethylene glycol phosphate esters, and certain phosphonates, which last may be mixed with protective colloids such as gelatine. Alkali metal silicates, preferably 5-15 wt. per cent of sodium neutral or alkaline silicate, may also be present. Minor amounts of non-phosphate detergency builders, which may be either precipitant or sequestrant builders, may be present, for example amine carboxylates such as sodium nitrilotriacetate, sodium aluminosilicate ion-exchange materials, sodium citrate, and soap.
Patent GB-863310-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of niobium, tantalum, tungsten, vanadium and rhenium
IPC: B01J8/24
Filed: 1957-11-14
Abstract: Niobium, tantalum, tungsten, vanadium and rhenium are produced by reducing their chlorides, bromides or iodides with hydrogen in the vapour phase in a closed reaction zone, the reduction being effected in a fluidized suspension of finely divided particles of the metal being produced and/or its hydride.  The reduction may be carried out at a temperature in the range 675-1200 DEG C., preferably 750-1050 DEG C. for the chlorides of niobium, tungsten and vanadium, 675-900 DEG C. for rhenium pentachloride and 800-1050 DEG C. for tantalum pentachloride.  The finely divided particles may be those resulting from the comminution of metal hydride which, in the case of niobium, decompose at reduction temperatures above 800 DEG C. to form particles of metal.  The hydrogen may be mixed with an inert gas before being introduced into the reaction zone and preheated to or above the reaction temperature.  The metal halide may be carried into the reaction zone under its own vapour pressure or it may be carried by a stream of hydrogen or inert gas.  Preferably the reaction is carried on continuously, enlarged metal particles being withdrawn from the reaction zone and replaced by particles of the same size and size distribution as those originally present.  Withdrawn reaction product is cooled to room temperature in an atmosphere of inert gas.
Patent GB-1444937-A (GB)
Title: Acoustic well logging apparatus for measuring wave train  parameter occuring prior to arming event
IPC: G01V1/44
Filed: 1973-07-26
Abstract: 1444937 Acoustic well-logging DRESSER INDUSTRIES Inc 26 July 1973 [28 July 1972] 35638/73 Heading H4D In an acoustic well-logging system a parameter of an early portion of a received acoustic wavetrain is sensed or measured, by detecting in a first signal channel a predetermined subsequently-occurring event in the wavetrain signal, delaying or storing the wavetrain signal in a second signal channel, and arming a measuring or gating circuit for the delayed or stored second channel signal in response to detection of the predetermined event. Embodiments are described in which the predetermined event is the point at which the amplitude of the second half-cycle of the wavetrain exceeds a threshold level. The parameter measured is the zero cross-over instant following the first half-cycle, the peak amplitude of the first half-cycle, or the wave-form slope at the zero crossover region. The interval between a sync pulse for the logging-tool transmitter and the zero cross-over instant, or between the respective zero cross-over instants if a tworeceiver logging-tool is used, is determined by a counter and recorded to give a log of the acoustic properties of earth formations or a well housing cement bond log.
Patent GB-395254-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for storing eggs
IPC: A47J47/00
Filed: 1932-12-17
Abstract: 395,254. Crates and trays for eggs. CHRISTIANSON, T. R. C., 3, Bernard Street, Leith, Mid Lothian. Dec. 17, 1932, No. 35812. [Class 18.] Apparatus for storing eggs and permitting free air circulation around the eggs comprises a skeleton frame or crate of upright and cross members A, B and horizontal rails or flanges C on which the apertured egg-supporting trays D are slidably carried. The rails C are preferably of metal of Land U-sections as shown in Fig. 7, and the rails for each tray are staggered relatively to the rails immediately above and below, so that the eggs in the tray are correspondingly staggered relatively to the eggs in the next adjacent trays. Each egg-storing unit preferably comprises three sets of superposed trays and is mounted on two pairs of wheels.
Patent GB-619379-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of foundry cores
IPC: B22C9/10
Filed: 1946-12-05
Abstract: 619,379. Foundry cores. FORD MOTOR CO., Ltd. Dec. 5, 1946, No. 36048. Convention date, Dec. 8, 1945. Drawings to Specification. [Class 83 (i)] Cores for castings which include internal jackets, are built up by applying core paste to the faces of the individual parts of the core, assembling and securing them in the assembled position, drying the assembly, dipping it into core wash and centrifuging off the excess core wash by rotating the assembly about an axis eccentric to the axis of the core. Preferably the core is mounted with its longitudinal axis inclined ten or twenty degrees from the vertical and is rotated at a speed of 80-120 revolutions a minute. The method is stated to avoid the occurrence of fins in the jacket of the casting due to the casting metal finding its way between adjacent faces of the individual parts of the core.
Patent GB-891364-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to dust bins and other like containers
Inventor: SHAW THOMAS HINGLEY
IPC: B65D25/24
Filed: 1959-10-24
Abstract: 891,364. Dust bins. BOWER LANE MANUFACTURING CO. Ltd. Oct. 24, 1960 [Oct. 24, 1959], No. 36078/59. Class 26. [Also in Group XVII] A dust bin comprises a body a with a bottom in the form of an inverted cup-shaped member b socketed into it and maintained by a lap joint a<SP>1</SP>, b<SP>1</SP> over which a hoop c is driven, which together with the lower part of the bin is swaged, rolled or similarly treated to form two or more corrugations of double thickness which secure the hoop c to the body a. The lower extremity of the hoop may be rolled inwardly as at c<SP>1</SP>. The lowest corrugation c<SP>2</SP> may be wrapped around the lap joint a<SP>1</SP>, b<SP>1</SP>.
Patent GB-1086466-A (GB)
Title: A method for producing semiconductor crystals
IPC: C30B15/02
Filed: 1965-08-23
Abstract: 1,086,466. Crystal-pulling. DOW CORNING CORPORATION. Aug. 23, 1965 [Nov. 5, 1964], No. 36010/65. Heading BIS. A dendritic crystal 17 of doped silicon or germanium is pulled from the supercooled portion of a melt 12 which is replenished with charge material in the form of two rods 15 and 16 of different feed rates and predetermined impurity concentration which are fed to hot zones 13 and 14, the rates of feeding of the rods being adjusted so as to maintain constant the volume of the melt and produce a pulled rod of desired constant impurity concentration.
Patent GB-1067314-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of copolyesters
IPC: C08G63/85
Filed: 1964-09-03
Abstract: Polyesters are made by (a) heating a mixture of a diaryl terephthalate and/or isophthalate (100 mol per cent), a diaryl ester of oxalic or carbonic acid (0-10 mol per cent) and a dihydric phenol (at least 100 mol per cent) until the melt viscosity of the mixture is at least 2000 poises and (b) adding to the reaction product at least 15% by weight, calculated on the polyester which should theoretically derive from (a) of a linear polyester of terephthalic and/or isophthalic acid and (c) continuing the polycondensation at an elevated temperature.  The dihydric phenol is preferably used in an excess of up to 2.5 mol per cent based on the diaryl terephthalate and/or terephthalate whilst the total molar amount of diaryl esters should exceed the molar amount of the dihydric phenol.  Specified reactants are: dihydric phenols-bisphenol A, resorcinol and hydroquinone; diprimary alcohols-ethylene glycol and other polymethylene glycols, 2:2-dimethylpropanediol-1:3, dimethylol cyclohexanes, dito penta-ethylene glycols and hydroxyethylation products of bisphenol A, resorcinol and hydroquinone.  In examples the polyesters added in stage (2) were polyethylene terephthalate, copolyethylene terephthalate-isophthalate and a copolyester of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2:2-dimethylpropanediol-1:3.
Patent GB-1278905-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of manganese metal
Inventor: DORN FRIEDRICH WILHELM
IPC: C22B47/00
Filed: 1970-07-27
Abstract: 1278905 Distillation of Mn from Fe-Mn KNAPSACK A G 27 July 1970 [27 Aug 1969] 36303/70 Heading C7D Manganese is evaporated from carbanaceous Fe-Mn (e. g. containing 6-8%C) by heating a thin, continuously renewed layer of Fe-Mn particles having a size between 0À1 and 5mm (e. g. 0À2-2mm) at least 1200‹ C. (e.g. 1270-1400‹ C.) under a gas pressure of 10-10<SP>-4</SP>mm Hg (e. g. 0À5-10<SP>-3</SP>mm Hg) and the manganese vapours are then condensed. The layer may be renewed by supplying the feed at 5-30g/cm<SP>2</SP> of vaporization area/hr to the vaporization zone. The vapour take-off tube preferably has a cross-sectional area at least as great as that of the vaporization zone. Reference is made to distillation from an electrically heated graphite crucible and condensing of the vapours on a watercooled metal plate.
Patent GB-1324684-A (GB)
Title: Electrophotographic photosensitive member
IPC: G03G5/06
Filed: 1970-07-27
Abstract: 1324684 Electrophotographic element CANON KK 27 July 1970 [28 July 1969] 36314/70 Heading H1K An electrophotographic element comprises a photoconductive film of an organic photoconductor having a molecular weight from 100 to 2000 and a high polymer binder, the film having been heated and/or exposed to solvent vapour capable of softening the film to render the crystalline size of the photoconductor more uniform. The organic photoconductor is a diphenylene hydrazone, an oxadiazole, 1,3,5- triphenyl pyrazoline, p-dimethyl-aminostyrylketone, N,N,N<SP>1</SP>,N<SP>1</SP> - tetrabenzyl - p - phenylene diamine, p-diethylamino benzylidene-nicotinic acid hydrazide or triphenylamine. In one embodiment a metal mesh is pressed against the film during heating to produce a pattern of microcrystalline dots useful for half-tone imaging. The heat treatment may be performed in an inert or reducing atmosphere. The film is preferably heated to above the second order transition temperature of the resin but below the melting point of the resin. Alternatively a temperature above the resin melting point may be used.
Patent GB-1126641-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to oil heating systems
Inventor: LATTEMANN WILLI
IPC: F23N5/20
Filed: 1965-08-26
Abstract: 1,126,641. Controlling burners. INDUSTRIEGERATE FUR ENERGIETECHNIK G.m.b.H. 26 Aug., 1965, No. 36618/65. Heading F4T. An oil-fuelled heating system with a vaporizing burner 1, an oil supply regulator 3, a thermostat 20 closing at approximately 80-100‹ C. to cut off the oil supply to a cold notignitable burner has a further thermostat 37 operating at 200- 230‹ C. to actuate means for starting the oil supply when the burner starts normally and to stop the supply when a temperature in excess of 200-230‹ C. occurs in the burner. The circuit also includes a blower 4, a burner thermostat 48, boiler water thermostat 22, and room temperature thermostat 31. When switch 8 is closed and there is a call for heat igniter 2 is energized and when it reaches 80‹ C. thermostat 27 closes to supply current to heater 29 and deform a bimetallic strip 30 to depress a button 6 and switch on the controller 3. If the burner ignites and heats up thermostat 20 opens to deenergize the igniter 2 and heater 29 and as the burner heats up to 200-230‹ C. thermostat 37 closes to provide fuel via a gravity-feed controlled by a valve or via a motor driven oil pump. Temperatures in excess of 200-230‹ C. cause fuel to be shut-off by an electro-magnetically operated valve.
Patent GB-1445848-A (GB)
Title: Means for securing a rigid member to a surface
IPC: E04F13/08
Filed: 1973-08-02
Abstract: 1445848 Battening uneven surfaces HEATH & JOINER (CONTRACTORS) Ltd 26 July 1974 [2 Aug 1973] 36758/73 Heading E1W A vertical batten or stile I comprises a straight rigid elongate member having a pair of spaced flanges defining an undercut channel configuration along all or part of its length and is secured to a rigid surface 6 by means of at least one backing plate 2 keying in the channel and secured through at least one resiliently deformable element 3 to the surface 6. The securement may be by means of screws 5 tightened by inserting a driver through holes, not shown, in the base of the channel. The resilient material may be high density closed cell neoprene foam.
Patent GB-897008-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved method of producing screw and nut mechanism and mechanism producedby that method
Inventor: BRADFIELD ALAN HERBERT EDWARD
IPC: F16H25/22
Filed: 1957-11-26
Abstract: 897,008. Screw-and-nut gearing. CAM GEARS Ltd. Sept. 23, 1958 [Nov. 26, 1957], No. 36912/57. Class 80 (3). In a screw-and-nut mechanism, particularly for a steering gear wherein balls circulate between the threads of the screw-and-nut, the ball return path 4 is formed in an inset piece 5 of metal or plastic which is moulded in situ in an opening or recess in the nut, the piece 5 having its ends shaped to penetrate into the screw thread to deflect the balls into the return path. The piece 5 may be simply bonded in the recess by the moulding operation or may, as shown, have an inner flange and a tapered wall to lock it in position. Alternatively the wall may have a projection formed thereon. The piece 5 is moulded against a die (not shown) located in the thread of the screw. As shown, the path 4 comprises an open channel interconnecting the two ends of a single helix turn of the nut so that the balls are rolled over the crest of the screw-thread.
Patent GB-1322540-A (GB)
Title: Fast self-quenching of dynamo scattering in liquid crystal devices
IPC: G02F1/133
Filed: 1970-07-30
Abstract: 1322540 Modulator light RCA CORPORATION 30 July 1970 [5 Aug 1969] 36923/70 Heading H4F A nematic liquid crystal which has been brought into the dynamic scattering state by application of an alternating voltage will return most rapidly to its unexcited condition (in under 10 milliseconds) on removal of the applied voltage if the alternating voltage has a frequency F greater than 1À4 #/2### 0 ., where 8 is the conductivity in (ohm-cm)<SP>-1</SP> of the crystal, # is the dielectric constant of the crystal and # 0  is 8À85 x 10<SP>-14</SP> farads per cm i.e. the dielectric constant of free space. The upper limit for F, above which dynamic scattering is not produced, is about 2#/## 0 . Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 1,170,486 and 1,167,486.
Patent GB-792238-A (GB)
Title: High tenacity textile materials of cellulose esters
IPC: D06M13/188
Filed: 1955-12-23
Abstract: High-tenacity cellulose-ester textile materials are made by subjecting a textile material comprising wet-spun filaments of a partial organic ester of cellulose, which have been stretched in the course of the wet-spinning operation, to further esterification under conditions such that little or no swelling or degradation of the cellulose ester occurs.  In this way the degree of substitution of the cellulose ester, which is preferably an ester of one or more aliphatic acids having 2-4 carbon atoms in the molecule, may be raised from an original value of at most 2.4, and preferably 2.28-2.31, to at least 2.8, and preferably to 2.9 or above.  The material, which should desirably have a moisture content not below 2 per cent, is treated with an esterification mixture comprising the appropriate organic acid anhydride, an esterification catalyst, preferably sulphuric or perchloric acid in a concentration of 0.05-2.0 per cent, and a nonsolvent diluent for the cellulose ester such as benzene or cyclohexane which comprises at least 75 per cent, and preferably 80-90 per cent, of the mixture.  An alkaline buffering agent may also be present.  This further esterification is suitably performed at 50-60 DEG  C. on a yarn, tow skein hank or fabric of material, and the products are found to have a degree of crystallinity of at least 38 per cent.  A further heat treatment, which somewhat reduces the degree of crystallinity but which produces larger crystallites, is preferably also applied to the material. Specification 791,391, [Group IV (c)], is referred to.
Patent GB-1405935-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing anodic oxide films on aluminum or its  alloys
IPC: C25D11/14
Filed: 1972-08-08
Abstract: 1405935 Colour anodizing aluminium INNOVA CORP 8 Aug 1972 36944/72 Heading C7B Aluminium metal or alloy is colour anodized using an aqueous electrolyte solution comprising boric/hydroxycarboxylic chelate acid anions and sulphuric acid or soluble (bi) sulphate e.g. of alkali metal or ammonium. The chelate acid anions are formed in equilibrium with boric acid, preferably at least 0.2M, and a hydroxycarboxylic acid, preferably 0.2 to 2.0M citric, tartaric, malic, gluconic and/or mandelic acid; preferably the sulphate ion is 0.001 to 5.0 g/l. A D.C. of up to 150 volts and C.D. 12 to 36 A.S.F. may be used. The cathode may be of stainless steel.
Patent GB-831808-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of heat insulating blankets and the like
Inventor: DELANEY CYRIL TERENCE
IPC: E04C2/38
Filed: 1956-12-03
Abstract: 831,808. Making cased metal insulating blankets. GALLAY Ltd. Jan. 29, 1958 [Dec. 3, 1956] No. 36955/56. Class 83 (2). A heat insulating blanket comprising a filling of heat-insulating material in a metal envelope consisting of two facial walls 11, 12 joined to the upper and lower flanges 15 and 16 respectively of edge-forming channel-section members 14 located round some or all of the edges of the envelope is made by seam welding the first wall 12 to the first flange 16 of each of said channel members, seam welding a strip of metal 20 to some or all of the edges of the second wall 11, placing the heat insulating filling 22 in the tray formed by the first wall and the channel members, locating the second wall over said filling so that said strips overlap the second flanges 15 of the channel members spot welding the strips to said second flanges at 24 and arc welding the exposed edges of said strips to said second flanges at 26. The blanket may be of arcuate shape for use around a pipe. In a modification to enable two blankets to be disposed adjacent to each other the adjacent edges of the blankets may be scarved. A sealing strip 20 is seam welded to the wall 11 and strips 27 and 31 are seam welded to the walls 12 and 11 respectively, the strip 27 is then seam welded at 30 to the bottom flange 16 of a scarved side edge channel member 13, the filling is inserted and the wall 11 is fitted as shown in Fig. 8.