baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1453315-A (GB)
Title: Uperconducting-compound wires removal of nitrogen oxides using coated catalyst
IPC: H01L39/14
Filed: 1973-09-11
Abstract: 1453315 Making superconductive conductors FURUKAWA ELECTRIC CO LTD 11 Sept 1973 [11 Sept 1972 13 Oct 1972 (4) 28 Nov 1972 27 Feb 1973 13 March 1973] 42561/73 Heading B3A [Also in Divisions H1 and H2] In a method of making a superconducting wire vanadium bars are packed into a brass base and a Cu/Ga alloy moulded around them, the ingot being quenched from 1100 C. and then repeatedly extruded to form precursor strands. These are then stranded into a wire having a stranding pitch of 20-1000 times the strand diameter. A surface oxide film is formed on the strands by heating them in air and the superconducting compound formed in vacuo at 625 C. In other embodiments the V rods are coated with Cu, or oxidized, or Ag placed inside V tubes prior to the coating step, the precursors may be Ag plated and stranded with W reinforcing strands. Alternatively V may be replaced by Nb and Ga by Sn. Prior to the superconductor formation the wires may be wound around a mild steel bobbin, with steel wires and foil coated with graphite interposed between turns of the wire to prevent self-adhesion. A relation d <Do.# where Do is the allowed heading diameter, # is the strain limit to avoid superconductor degradation and d is strand diameter is given.  The assembled superconducting wires may be coated or impregnated with indium and several wires may be drawn together to form a cable, a stainless steel wire may be incorporated and polyvinyl butyral insulation applied. Superconducting wires may be joined by indium soldering them to a copper plate or by indium soldering them around a copper bobbin.
Patent GB-986875-A (GB)
Title: The manufacture of halogeno-alkylidene tricyclic compounds and the conversion thereof
IPC: C07C37/14
Filed: 1963-02-05
Abstract: The invention comprises:  (1) a process for the manufacture of compounds of general formula <FORM:0986875/C2/1> wherein A1 is an alkylidene radical containing more than two carbon atoms, hal is a halogen atom and X is a sulphur atom or the ethylene or ethenylene group, and corresponding compounds substituted by one or more alkyl and halogen substituents in the side ring(s), which process comprises treating a corresponding compound of formula <FORM:0986875/C2/2> (where A is an alkylene radical containing more than two carbon atoms and OR is an alkoxy group) with a halogenating agent; (2) a process for converting the products of Formula I into corresponding compounds in which the halogen atom is replaced by a disubstituted-amino group by reaction with secondary amines, and, if desired, forming acid addition salts; and (3) those compounds of Formula I wherein X is ethylene or ethenylene.  Separation of stereo-isomers is described. Pharmaceutical compositions are mentioned which contain the disubstituted-amino alkylidene products with carriers.  Tablets, dragees, capsules, suppositories, solutions, suspensions and emulsions are referred to.  The compounds have narcosis potentiation, adrenolytic, antihistaminic, antiemetic, antipyretic, local anaesthetic and hypothermic activity.  Specifications 829,763, 842,804, 858,187, 896,036 and 932,494 also are referred to.
Patent GB-1525264-A (GB)
Title: Frame-to-frame coding system
IPC: H04N7/32
Filed: 1975-10-20
Abstract: 1525264 Television NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TELEPHONE PUBLIC CORP 20 Oct 1975 [21 Oct 1974 18 Nov 1974] 42945/75 Heading H4F Interframe coding system for compressing the bandwidth of a television signal comprises a substractor 3 producing a difference signal between an 8 bit PCM code input video signal from converter 2 and the code of a corresponding position of a preceding frame from a frame memory 4. The output of the substractor is fed to a magnitude adjuster 5 which is controlled 12 in accordance with the prevailing occupancy of a buffer memory 9 which is used for smoothing the transmission bit rate i.e. as the full state of the buffer memory is approached, the magnitude of the difference signal is increasingly attenuated in a digital manner e.g. by ¥, ¢ and . The magnitude controlled difference signal is fed via a threshold circuit 6 to an encoder 7 where it is coded as a 4 bit code indicative of a quantization range in which it falls. This 4 bit code is written into buffer memory 9 and read out at a uniform bit rate for transmission. The 4 bit code is also converted into a 9 bit code (i.e. 8 bit + polarity bit) indicative of a representative level in the respective quantization range, which is supplied to an adder 11 where it is added with output from the frame memory to supply the frame memory input. Overflow of the buffer memory is thus prevented and because a magnitude adjustment rather than a threshold control is effected a blur rather than a stepwise change in the picture is produced upon reproduction of the transmitted signal. To improve the bandwidth compression a variable word length encoder may be connected before the buffer memory. The representative level code supplied by the encoder 7 to the adder 11 may have its magnitude controlled by a second magnitude adjuster in the opposite manner to magnitude adjuster 5, in which case it is necessary to transmit a frame code indicative of this magnitude control to the receiver so that the magnitude of the decoded code may be controlled in accordance therewith. A switching circuit 8 is provided so that the 9 bit PCM codes from five consecutive horizontal scanning lines per frame at the ouptut of adder 11 may be directly supplied to the buffer memory, these lines being shifted for successive frames. This avoids cumulative transmission errors. In addition if no change in the pictures takes place for a prolonged period of time an underflow will occur in the buffer memory with the same data being repeatedly read out. To prevent this occurring the frame memory on the receiver side is refreshed by supplying the PCM code directly into the buffer memory using switching circuit 8 when underflow is detected. Reference is also made to coding every other picture element and/or every other line of picture elements.
Patent GB-947785-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lubricants or the like
IPC: C01G41/00
Filed: 1960-12-19
Abstract: A lubricant of powdered crystalline molybdenum disulphide and/or tungsten disulphide is prepared by heating at 700 DEG  to 1100 DEG C. molybdenum and/or tungsten, or oxides thereof, or compounds which are converted by heating into such oxides, together with sulphur and a flux consisting of a non-oxidizing inorganic sodium or potassium compound which does not react with the molybdenum, tungsten or compounds thereof under the conditions present, said flux being present in a quantity of from 1/20 to 1 gm.-equivalent per gram mol. of molybdenum and/or tungsten, cooling the resultant melt and leaching the same.  The resulting powdered crystalline molybdenum disulphide and/or tungsten disulphide may be mixed with a fluid or pasty lubricant.  According to the examples: (1) Powdered ammonium paramolybdate [(NH4)10Mo7O28.H2O], flowers of sulphur and K2CO3 were heated at 950 DEG  C. for 1 hour in a closed quartz crucible.  After cooling the contents were leached with distilled water and the residue dried, the yield of MoS2 being approximately 90% of the theoretical. (4) Molybdenum trioxide, flowers of sulphur and potassium chloride were mixed, heated in a closed quartz crucible at 900 DEG  C. for 30 minutes and leached.  (7) Tungstic acid, potassium chloride and flowers of sulphur were heated for 1 hour at 1050 DEG C. and then leached.  (8) Molybdenum powder, tungsten powder, flowers of sulphur and potassium carbonate were mixed and heated at 1000 DEG C. for 30 minutes. The product obtained after cooling and leaching consisted of a crystalline mixture of MoS2 and WS2.  Reference is also made to the use as flux of sodium and potassium hydroxides, bicarbonates and sulphates.ALSO:A lubricant of powdered crystalline molybdenum disulphide and/or tungsten disulphide is prepared by heating at 700 DEG  to 100 DEG  C. molybdenum and/or tungsten, or oxides thereof, or compounds which are converted by heating to such oxides, together with sulphur and a flux consisting of a non-oxidizing inorganic sodium or potassium compound which does not react with the molybdenum, tungsten or compounds thereof under the conditions present, said flux being present in a quantity of from 1/20 to 1 gm. equivalent per gram mol. of molybdenum and/or tungsten, cooling the resultant melt and leaching the same.  The resulting powdered crystalline molybdenum disulphide and/or tungsten disulphide may be mixed with a fluid or pasty lubricant.
Patent GB-1484308-A (GB)
Title: Combustion furnace particularly for burning refuse
IPC: F23H7/06
Filed: 1974-10-08
Abstract: 1484308 Incinerators; combustion furnace grates H KUNSTLER 8 Oct 1974 [8 Oct 1973] 43605/74 Heading F4B A grate R in a furnace, particularly an incinerator, comprises a small number of sections 1-3 arranged in slip formation with an overall slope from the charge end to the ash outlet A, each section sloping slightly in the opposite direction. Each section comprises overlapped fire bars, alternate bars being reciprocated. The lower part of the furnace walls is clad with spaced plates 17 secured to the furnace walls by lugs engaging holes through which air entering at the top of the furnace and flowing downwardly through the hollow walls, Fig. 3, passes into the furnace. A baffle wall 13 forms an outer passage through which excess air can escape. From chambers 18 at the lower part of the side walls below the grate R air is delivered through outlets 16 to below the grate and into the hollow riser walls, which also have spaced plates 17. Air from the charge end wall of the furnace is delivered through nozzles 19, shielded by plates 17, and air from the rear wall of the furnace is supplied through a fire bridge 5 to nozzles 5a directed downwardly towards the grate.
Patent GB-1247617-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for stretching sheet material
IPC: B29C55/16
Filed: 1969-09-03
Abstract: 1,247,617. Stretching sheet material. SIERRACIN CORP. 3 Sept., 1969 [17 Oct., 1968], No. 43616/69. Heading B5A. Sheet stretching apparatus, of particular use in stretching acrylic sheets to reduce their thickness, comprises a first, fixed, beam 24 and three movable beams 26, 28, 30, beam 26 being movable in the direction of its length, beam 28 being movable in the direction of the length of beam 24, and beam 30 being movable in a direction at right angles to the beam 24. Each beam carries freely movable clamps 34 comprising upper and lower jaws, the clamps of an associated beam being interconnected by a linkage system (not shown) connected at one end to a fixed member 164. The clamps at the corners of the framework fromed by the beams are composed of a lower jaw carried by the fixed member 164 of one beam and a movable upper jaw carried by the adjacent beam. In operation, the upper jaws of the clamps are raised, a sheet inserted, and the jaws lowered to clamp the sheet. The beams are then synchronously actuated by a cylinder operated belt and pulley system (see Fig. 6, not shown) in their respective directions to cause the area enclosed by the framework to expand in two directions at right angles thereby stretching the sheet in those directions. The interlinking of the clamps and the provision of effectively fixed clamps at the corners of the framework ensure that the clamps all move by the same amount, no clamp being able to j am, thereby importing even stresses into the sheet, and that the corners of the sheet are fully stretched. Beam 26 moves relative to beam 24 by means of rollers 46 along rails 44 on the supporting base and carries at one end a channel 50 through which the end of beam 30 is movable on rollers. The other end 56 of beam 30 carries flanges which run by means of rollers over suitable guides upon beam 28. Beam 28 is similarly flanged at its end 66 and runs along guides on the beam 24.
Patent GB-1444633-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor integrated circuits
IPC: H01L29/73
Filed: 1973-09-19
Abstract: 1444633 Semi-conductor devices SONY CORP 19 Sept 1973 [22 Sept 1972] 43922/73 Heading H1K Complementary transistors are fabricated in an integrated circuit as follows: an N type layer 22 is diffused into one surface of a P type substrate 21, followed by diffusion of N+ buried collector region 24 and N+ isolation region 25 into the layer and extending into the substrate; a P+ isolation region 27 is diffused into the layer between and encircling regions 24, 25; a P type epitaxial layer 28 is deposited on the substrate followed by an N type epitaxial layer 29; further P+ isolation region 31 is diffused into layer 29, Fig. 12, so as to contact layer 28 forming a P type isolation pocket for the NPN transistor and also diffused is a collector reach down region 32 for the PNP transistor, and during this diffusion out diffusion of regions 24 and 25 into layer 29 takes place, and of region 27 into layer 28; finally, Fig. 17, emitter, base and collector-contact regions 41, 38, 42 are diffused into layer 29 for the NPN transistor, and similarly emitter and base and collectorcontact regions 39, 43, 40 are diffused for the PNP transistor, and metallic contact made to these regions. The epitaxial depositions may take place sequentially without removal from the apparatus. The substrate may be of silicon with boron and phosphorus doping.
Patent GB-976872-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to chucks
IPC: B23B31/22
Filed: 1960-12-22
Abstract: 976,872. Chucks. ULVSUNDA VERKSTADER A.B. Dec. 22, 1960 [Dec. 28, 1959], No. 44061/60. Heading B3B. A chuck is secured to a machine spindle or mandrel 10, Fig. 1, and comprises a sleeve 16, a nose 18, secured to the sleeve by clamps 22, work-gripping balls 36, carried by an axially movable cage 38, a spring-urged disc 50, for engaging a washer 48 on the cage, to move the latter axially, a socket 54 guided in the nose for engagement with the work 30, to align the latter, and an ejector 64. Work 30, Fig. 3, having an accurate predetermined external diameter 61, is placed against the face 60 of the socket 54, thus aligning its axis parallel to the chuck axis. Ejector 64, Fig. 1, is brought into engagement with the cage 38, pressure is exerted on the work and the spring 56 is compressed. The work engages balls 36, Fig. 3, which rotate clockwise, and roll along a surface 61 of the work and a surface 34 in the sleeve 18, and the latter is deformed radially, thus clamping the work. Ejector 64 is moved away from the cage, and the latter is moved to the left by springs 52, until the work engages the end 76 of the sleeve 18, and the machining operation is carried out. A projection 66 on the sleeve 18 limits the axial movement of the cage, so that, if the work is undersize the balls will be forced inwardly by this projection, to clamp the work. Two rows of balls with a corresponding increase in the length of the sleeve 18 may be provided for machining two workpieces, or for machining a long workpiece. In a modification, a workpiece having external teeth is secured in the chuck, the balls and cage being constructed to fit the flanks of the teeth. The work is moved into the chuck by fingers or a disc. In a further modification, Fig. 8, a sleeve 88 is mounted between the balls 36 and the work 30, the bore of the sleeve being greater than the outside diameter of the work. The balls are located in a groove 92 in the sleeve, the work is moved to the left by a disc 94, until the balls roll out of the groove on to the surface 96 of the sleeve, whereupon the sleeve and nose 18 are deformed, and the work is gripped by the sleeve.
Patent GB-1187864-A (GB)
Title: Process for the Manufacture of Finely Divided Titanium Dioxide by Reaction of Titanium Tetrachloride with Oxygen or Oxygen-Containing Gases.
Inventor: KULLING ACHIM
IPC: C09C1/36
Filed: 1967-09-28
Abstract: 1,187,864. Finely divided titanium dioxide. TITAN G.m.b.H. 28 Sept., 1967 [13 Oct., 1966], No. 44302/67. Heading C1N. Finely divided TiO 2  is produced by reacting gaseous TiCl 4  with O 2 , and then passing the gas mixture containing TiO 2 , at a temperature of 400-800 C., through an electric field within the reaction chamber generated by an electrode. The field is said to cause aggregation of the fine TiO 2  and to prevent encrusting of the reactor. Separation of TiO 2  from the gas mixture takes place after cooling, by mechanical means, optionally with an electrostatic precipitator. The apparatus used may comprise a metal or metal-lined reactor having concentric inlet tubes at the top and one or more insulated electrodes protruding through the side wall. The electrodes may be internally cooled with water or air and may be positively or negatively charged relative to the wall, which is earthed. In the examples, the inlet tubes, from the centre outwards, are fed with TiCl 4 , O 2 , CO, and O 2 , and the voltage applied is 40-60 kV.
Patent GB-1274888-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in voltage surge diverters
IPC: H01C7/12
Filed: 1969-09-09
Abstract: 1,274,888. Surge diverters; protecting converters. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 9 Sept., 1969 [16 Sept., 1968], No. 44427/69. Headings H2F and H2H. A lightning arrester comprises a currentlimiting gap in series with a valve resistor, and has an extra series valve resistor connected in parallel with an inductor. Fig. 1 shows a lightning arrester 7 connected between a converter 1 and a high voltage D.C. transmission line 2. The arrester protects the components of the converter, and must include a large amount of valve resistance to prevent large voltage transients at sparkover. Legs A and B, each including a current-limiting gap 8, sparkover alternately in a flip-flop manner, while a common valve resistor 10 and an extra resistor 11 in parallel with an inductor 12 are connected in series with both legs. In operation, when one of the gaps 8 breaks down, current through the arrestor increases rapidly and is therefore forced to pass through the extra resistor 11 rather than through the inductor 12. After a short time, the current becomes more steady and thus passes through the inductor and by-passes the resistor 11. Similarly, when the conducting leg clears, current bands 60 continue through the inductor, thus preventing the arrester voltage from rising too high. In this way, the inclusion of the resistor 11 and inductor 12 in the arrester prevents the overall voltage falling too far at sparkover and also ensures that the voltage does not increase too much when a leg of the arrester clears. A further gap may be connected across the extra resistor 11. This gap is arranged to break down only on the occurrence of a fast, high current surge.
Patent GB-977413-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machine tools
IPC: B23Q5/38
Filed: 1960-12-28
Abstract: 977,413. Toothed gearing. G. A. GRAY CO. Dec. 28, 1960 [Jan. 11, 1960], No. 44473/60. Heading F2Q. [Also in Division B3] A machine tool comprises a table 3 reciprocated beneath a cutting tool by a rack-andpinion 16, 17, the axis of the pinion being disposed at an angle to the path of the table. The table is of box section with two V-guides faced with laminated plastic 24. The helical rack 17 attached to the underside of the table is engaged by the pinion 16 on a stationary shaft 15 and is rotated by a coaxial wormwheel and a worm 13 driven by an electric motor 4 disposed in one of the angles between the tool column 8 and the bed 1. The drive shaft 18 from the motor has a flexible coupling 41 at each end and the worm runs in an oil bath 71 which also lubricates the gears 16, 17. A lubricant system supplies oil to a groove 75 in the shaft 15 through a pipe 60 and to the bath 71 by a pipe 58. Oil flows from the bath via an overflow 59 whence it flows through the bed to a sump. Oil is also pumped into grooves in the table V-guides and into passages in the table whence it sprays the guides at each side of it. A safety switch stops the machine if the pressure of the oil drops too low. In a modification, the worm-shaft is driven directly by an hydraulic motor mounted within the bed. In a further modification, the worm-gear is replaced by bevel gears. The angular disposition of the shaft 15 assists in reducing axial forces on the shaft bearings.
Patent GB-1015152-A (GB)
Title: Shaft and bearing arrangement
IPC: H02K5/167
Filed: 1961-12-12
Abstract: 1,015,152. Tape-recorder capstan arrangement. G. J. TRAPP. Dec. 12, 1961, No. 44527/61. Heading G5R. [Also in Division F2] In a shaft and bearing arrangement for the capstan of a magnetic tape recorder the shaft 11, which is continuously rotatable, is provided with portions 26 and 27 each of which constitute a journal region and the portion 27 is extended to provide a capstan region which regions are all concentric and of equal diameter. Split frusto-conical bushes 24 and 28 are provided at the journal regions and spring means 31 acting between disc portions 29 and 30 on the shaft 11 urge the bushes into their seatings 25 and 32 to cause the bushes to contract on to the journal regions to facilitate concentric running of the shaft and compensate for wear in the bush bores. The bushes may be formed of P.T.F.E. or nylon. Motor armatures 12, 13 provide drive and speed-stabilizing braking for the shaft as described in Specification 963,733 (see Division A10). The arrangement may also include a photoelectric speed-governing tachometer arrangement (Fig. 2, not shown).