Patent GB-368288-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of artificial threads or other products from cellulose compounds
IPC: C08B13/02
Filed: 1930-08-25
Abstract: Cellulose compounds are obtained by acting on cellulose in presence or absence of a basic substance with one or more reagents which have a tendency to react with hydroxyl groups so as to cause at least one of the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose to be occupied or blocked by an organic group, and then xanthating the product.  The following reagents are excluded: an agent which introduces an oxyalkyl, halogen substituted oxyalkyl, alkyl, aralkyl, halogen alkylamine, or halogen aralkylamine group, or an agent which forms a cellulose ether of an oxyalkylmonocarboxylic acid containing less than six carbon atoms. Examples of reagents which may be used are: di-halogen paraffins; polyhalogen paraffins; halogen olefines; halogen derivatives of ethers, aldehydes, and ketones; halogen derivatives of higher fatty acids, olefine mono-carboxylic acids, oxy-acids, keto-carboxylic acids, nitromethane, cyanogen, di-carboxylic acids, substituted alkyl-phenyl ethers, aromatic monocarboxylic acids, phenyl-paraffin-alcohol acids, olefine - benzenes, phenyl - olefine - alcohols, pseudo-phenols, methylene quinones and quinols; halogen derivatives of condensed nuclei such as halogen naphthalenes; halogen derivatives of six membered ring compounds containing nitrogen in the nucleus; sulphochlorides of tertiary amines, aromatic hydrocarbons, phenyl mono-oxy-carboxylic acids and their chloro- or nitro-substitution products; sulpho-chlorides of six-membered ring compounds containing nitrogen in the nucleus; urea halides, alkyl-urea halides, aralkyl-urea halides, aryl-urea halides; trithiocarbonic acid esters; organic or inorganic esters of di- or polyhydric alcohols; acid esters of phenols; acid halides; phenyl alkylene oxides; phenyl halogen fatty acids; phenyl acetylene.  The xanthated products may be used in the manufacture of artificial threads, films, coatings, and other products.  In examples, cellulose in the form of cotton linters or wood pulp is treated with caustic soda and then with: ethylene chloride, propylene chloride, tri-methylene chloride, ethylidene chloride, propylidene chloride, iso-propylidene chloride, methylene chloride, acetylene tetrachloride, penta-chlorethane, acetylene dichloride, trichlorethylene, vinyl chloride, tetrachlorethylene, allyl chloride, #c-dichlorpropylene, dichlorether, chlormethylether, dichloracetaldehyde, chloracetone, dichloracetone, bromo - pinacoline, bromostearic acid, dibromo-stearic acid, a - or #c-chlorcrotonic acid, bromo-oleic acid, oleic aciddibromide, di- or trichlorlactic acid, bromolaevulinic acid, chlorpicrin, carbamyl chloride, phenyl-ethyl-carbamyl chloride, glycerine trithiocarbonic ester, cyanogen bromide, cyanuric chloride, chloro-succinic acid, chloro-maleic acid, trichlorhydrin, phenyl carbonate, benzoyl chloride, o-chlorbenzoic acid, p-toluene-sulphochloride, b -phenyl-propylene-glycol-a -chlorhydrin, benzyl-glycol-chlorhydrin, styrol dichloride, anethole-dibromide, phenyl-ethylene oxide, #c-phenyl-propylene oxide, phenyl-chloracetic acid, phenyl-a -chloro-b -lactic acid, phenyl acetylene, o -chlorstyrol, sym. dichlorstyrol, styrol bromide, a -chlorpyridine, a  a 1- dichloropyridine, a -chlorquinoline, dimethyl aniline sulphochloride, naphthalene sulphochloride, benzoyl chlor-anisole, phenyl ethyl carbonate, malonyl chloride, diethyl malonyl chloride, phenyl chlorpropionic acid, o-oxymesityl chloride, piperonyl chloride, sulphochloride of salicylic or cresotinic acid, dihydroxynaphthalene-dibromide, tetrahydronaphthalene-glycol chlorhydrin, chloro-isoquinoline. Aqueous or alcoholic caustic alkali may be used and copper acetate may be present.  The product is treated with alkali and carbon disulphide and the xanthated product is dissolved in dilute caustic alkali.  For the production of threads, films, and other products, the solution may be spun into a plasticizing bath such as one containing a large proportion of sulphuric or other mineral acid with or without salts such as bisulphates and if desired with pyridine, formaldehyde, or other organic substance.  The mineral acid may be replaced by sulphonic acids of aliphatic or aromatic compounds.  When a coagulating bath is employed, any bath known in the viscose art may be used and to it may be added proteins, polysaccharides, or other organic or inorganic substances.  During spinning, the materials may be submitted to stretching and the extensibility may be further improved by treatment with shrinking agents.  Hot and strong alkali sulphide or hydrosulphide solution may be employed for desulphurizing.  Cotton material may be impregnated or coated on a padding, back-filling, or spreading machine with a solution of one of the xanthated compounds to which talc, zinc white, china clay, mica or lampblack has been added.  The material is then passed if desired under tension through a coagulating or plasticizing bath and is then washed and dried. Specifications 264,161, 274,521, 274,690, 281,351, 281,352, 298,548, 312,197, 317,608, 323,731, 323,732, 335,906, 335,993, 335,994, [all in Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], 356,776, and 357,167 are referred to.  The Provisional Specifications describe also the use of halogen alkylamines, halogenaralkylamines, mono- and di-acetin, glycero-phosphoric acid, and glycerine carbonic acid as reagents for treating cellulose for the production of compounds which are subsequently xanthated.