Patent GB-980887-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing water-soluble copolymers containing quaternary groups
IPC: D06P1/22
Filed: 1962-09-21
Abstract: Water soluble copolymers containing quaternary ammonium groups are prepared by polymerizing a mixture consisting of (1) 10 to 75 mol per cent of a 2-oxo-N-vinyl-heterocyclic compound which is saturated in the ring, (2) 10 to 45% of a quaternated N:N-dialkylamino-alkyl acrylamide or methacrylamide, (3) 10 to 45 mol per cent acrylic or methacrylic acid or of an alkali metal salt thereof, and (4) 0 to 60 mol per cent of acrylamide or methacrylamide in aqueous medium using a free-radical catalyst. Specified monomers are N-vinyl pyrolidone (preferred), N-vinyloxazolidone, N-vinyl-N:N1-ethyleneurea, N-vinyl-N:N1-trimethyleneurea, and the quaternated derivatives of N : N-dimethylamino-propylacryl-amide N : N -dimethyl or N : N : dimethylamino-ethyl-acrylamide and more especially N : N-diethyl-amino-propylacrylamide and methacrylamide, the quarternating agents being chloracetic acid ester, ethylene chlorohydrin, dimethylsulphate, triethylphosphate and more especially chloracetamide. Specified catalysts are potassium persulphate, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, azodiisobutyric acid and azodiisobutyronitrile. The catalyst may be added in several stages, the final addition not necessarily being of the same catalyst, thus in the examples there additions of potassium persulphate are followed by one of azodiisobutyronitrile.  Alternatively, the copolymerization may be carried out with the unquaternated basic component which is then followed by quaternation performed on the polymer. Specification 796,543 is referred to. ALSO:Artistatic agents and levelling agents for dyeing with vat dyestuffs comprises a copolymer containing quaternary ammonium groups and prepared by polymerizing a mixture consisting of (1) 10 to 75 mol per cent of a 2-oxo-N-vinyl-hetero-cychic compound which is saturated in the ring (2) 10 to 45% of a quaternated N:N-dialkyl-amino-alkyl acrylamide or methacrylamide (3) 10 to 45 mol per cent acrylic or methacrylic acid or of an alkalic metal salt thereof and (4) 0 to 60 mol per cent of acrylamide or methacrylamide.  (see Division C3).  The dye bath advantageously contains 0.25 to 5 parts copolymer per 1000 parts water and the copolymers are especially suitable for vat dyestuffs used in the hot dyeing method e.g. 50 to 70 DEG C.  In machine dyeing the liquor concentration is 1:5 to 1:20 and in piece dyeing 1:20 to 1:100. Specified vat dyestuffs are (1) the blue dyestuff obtained by stove-melting from methylbenzanthrone, (2) the black dyestuff polyanthrimide and (3) the violet dyestuff  <FORM:0980887/D1-D2/1> In Example (7) a dyebath containing per litre, 16 ml of sodium hydroxide solution of 30% strength 1 g sodium hydrosulphite, a levelling agent and the dye-stuff prepared by stove-melting methylbenzanthrone is used to dye cotton satin.  The levelling agent is (a) a polymer from N-vinyl pyrrolidone, diethyl-amino-propylacrylamide quaternated with chlorocetamide and sodium acrytate (b) as for (a) also with acrylamide, and (c) as in (a) using instead of N-vinyl pyrrolidene vinyl oxazolidene.  In Example (8) a mixture of 30 mol per cent vinyl pyrrolidone, 40 mol per cent diethyl-amino-propyl-acrylamide quaternated with chloracetamide and 30 mol per cent sodium acrylate are polymerized 27 grams of this polymer are dissolved in 1 litre of water and polyamide fabric impregnated with this solution to a weight increase of about 55%, expressed and dried to give a fabric with good antistatic properties.  Specification 796,543 is referred to.