Patent GB-1013296-A (GB)
Title: Method of an apparatus for casting and working metal
IPC: B22D18/02
Filed: 1962-08-22
Abstract: 1,013,296. Casting-machines; piercing; forging; extruding. IMPERIAL-EASTMAN CORPORATION. Aug. 22, 1962, No. 32260/62. Headings B3F, B3H, B3P and B3W. A method of casting comprises flowing the melt into a mould and after solidification of at least the surface of the metal forging it and ejecting some solidified metal from the mould through the filling opening by moving at least one member that forms part of the mould cavity wall during the casting operation. In one embodiment, Figs. 1, 3, 4, a cylinder 33 contains two pistons 40, 37, carrying a punch 41 and counterpunch 38 respectively which pass through the lower cylinder head 35 and the upper die part 45 carried thereby. A lower die part 46 is carried by slide rods 50 vertically movable by a cylinder 53 and includes a metal feed tube 67 and gate 69. Molten metal in a ladle 22 is supported in a box 5 which is lifted into sealing engagement with the lower die by a cylinder 7 so that the feed tube 67 is immersed in the melt, and the die is filled by pressure air or inert gas applied to the box 5 and a vacuum line 82 applied to the die cavity through a needle valve 83 with a restricted orifice. After solidification the box 5 is lowered and the casting is forged by applying pressure oil to the top of piston 40 while maintaining the space 77 between the two pistons full of oil, thus causing both pistons to descend and apply pressure to the casting. The stroke of the piston 37 is limited by the bottom cylinder head 35, the space 77 is opened to exhaust and the piston 40 continues to descend causing the punch 41 to completely pierce the casting, the punched-out slug falling into the ladle. The lower die 46 is then lowered by the cylinder 53, leaving the casting on the punch and counterpunch, from which it is stripped, falling on to a shoot 90, by return of the pistons 37, 40 to the position shown in Fig. 1. The shoot comprises nozzles 92 from which a mould release agent and lubricant entrained in pressure air or inert gas is sprayed on to the mould cavity surfaces. The dies are water-cooled through lines 85, 87. In a modification, Figs. 5, 6, 8 and 10, a multi-cavity machine comprises a number of dies 132 screwed into holes 131 in a water-cooled die-holder carried by a platen 123 which is carried by slides 121 vertically movable by hydraulic motors 115 oscillating stub shafts 117, cranks 108 and connecting rods 120. Upper water-cooled copper die members 208 are carried by the lower cylinder head 191 of the cylinder 106 which encloses two pistons 188, 186 and punches and counterpunches 192, 200, the action being substantially the same as in the first embodiment.  Mould release agent may be entrained with a blast of air which is blown through the vacuum line 220 after ejection of the workpieces to clear the air passages leading to the die cavities. A cylinder 107 carrying the molten metal pot is transversely movable by a cylinder 113 from the position shown chain-dotted in Fig. 6 to a position aligned with the dies. The shoot 265 for receiving the finished workpieces is moved into and out of position by an hydraulic motor 262. An automatic sequence of operations is controlled by a motor-driven cam-shaft. In a third embodiment, Fig. 16, the counterpunch 200<SP>1</SP> is lifted to leave a space between its end 200a and the metal in the die, the space being filled by backward extrusion by the punch 192 which continues its movement to form a hole in the casting by forcing metal through the gate 144. Specifications 785,837 and 1,013,297 are referred to.