baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-760101-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric generators
IPC: H02K23/42
Filed: 1951-09-24
Abstract: 760,101. Exciting dynamo-electric machines. MACFARLANE ENGINEERING CO., Ltd., MACFARLANE, W. I., and MACFARLANE, J. C. Nov. 27, 1952 [Sept. 24, 1951], No. 22300/51. Class 35. A field pole for controlling the output of a D.C. generator comprises saturated and unsaturated parts magnetized in opposite directions by series connected coils, so that at a certain value of excitation the resultant flux is zero, in which the part-poles are bridged by a pole-shoe so that only the resultant flux passes into the armature. In its simplest form, Fig. 1, the pole comprises part-poles 7a, 7b of which the centre part 7b is saturated and the outer parts 7a of larger total cross-section and having air-gaps 9, are unsaturated. In a inodification a single part 7a may be used. Exciting coils wound on the part-poles are arranged so that at a certain current value no resultant flux is produced between the poleshoe 8 and the armature. At greater or smaller currents a resultant flux, of one polarity or the other, is produced to influence the armature. The saturated pole-part may be of retentive material and carry a shading coil. As shown in Fig. 2, the saturated part 7b and unsaturated control part 7a are situated in the core of the field, the resultant of any disturbance appearing as flux through poles 8. The exciting coils 10a and 10b are series connected and the control pole-parts 7a may carry compounding coils 13. A four-pole modification of this construction is described. Specifications 566,168 and 713,633 are referred to.
Patent GB-1214856-A (GB)
Title: Temperature dependent resistor and method of manufacture
IPC: H01C7/04
Filed: 1968-05-10
Abstract: 1,214,856. Thermistors. HITACHI Ltd. 10 May, 1968 [17 May, 1967], No. 22438/68. Heading H1K. A critical temperature thermistor is made from a material consisting basically of particulate crystalline vanadium dioxide having a particle size not greater than 50 Á. Vanadium dioxide may be made by reducing the molten pentoxide with nitrogen at high temperature. Unreacted material is dissolvedin aqueous sodium carbonate and the product is pulverized. Al, Si and Mg are present as incidental impurities. Nb, Fe, Ge, Cr, Al, Sr, Co, Ba, Ca, Pb, may be deliberately added (in the form of oxides) to the pentoxide in very small amounts. Thermistors are made from the dioxide powder by pressing and shaping or by sintering. Electrodes are then brazed on. In a test described a dioxide monocrystal is provided with indium-brazed silver electrodes and embedded in transparent resin. The operation of the thermistor depends on a phase transition-Hysteresis effects may arise because of non-reproducable cracking caused by the presence of an intermediate phase. Having many small particles reduces cracking and averages the effects. Certain of the additions minimize the formation of the intermediate phase.
Patent GB-880668-A (GB)
Title: Centrifugal-type fluid purifier
IPC: B04C5/00
Filed: 1960-06-27
Abstract: 880,668. Centrifugal separators. WINSLOW, C. A. June 27, 1960, No. 22501/60. Class 23 Apparatus for separating fluids comprises a casing 10, a tangential inlet 11 to an upper compartment 13 within the casing, whirl producing blades 20 leading fluids from the compartment into a lower compartment within the casing, an outlet tube 27 leading from the lower compartment, and an outlet tube 34 leading from the central part of the tube 27. A spring biased valve 21 permits fluid to by-pass the passages between the vanes in the event of the pressure of the fluid at inlet becoming excessive. As shown the apparatus is adapted for separating lubricating oil, air being withdrawn through the tube 34 and the heaviest dirt collecting on a magnetic plug 36 which may be used to sample the oil. Where three fluid components are to be separated the heaviest component may be withdrawn continuously from beneath the screen 33.
Patent GB-427092-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to light valves
IPC: G02F1/03
Filed: 1933-08-12
Abstract: 427,092. Electro-optical light valves. RADIOAKT. - GES. D. S. LOEWE, 10, Wiesenweg, Steglitz, Berlin. Aug. 12, 1933, Nos. 22539 and 27230. Convention dates, Aug. 12, 1932 and Feb. 1, 1933. [Class 40 (iii)] A light valve comprising a crystal 2, Fig. 1, whose double refraction varies with the applied electric field, associated with a second crystal 3, which compensates for the initial double refraction of the crystal 2, is characterized by light passing through the two crystals without deflection. Light entering the system is polarized by a Nicol prism 1, and passes through the quartz crystal 2 at right angles to the optic axis, the ordinary and extra-ordinary rays suffering a relative phase displacement. The crystal 3 has its optic axis at right angles to that of the crystal 2 and the incident light, and produces a phase shift between the ordinary and extra-ordinary rays inverse to that produced by the crystal 2. The light entering the Nicol prism 4 is thereby constituted by two rays, polarized at right angles, with a phase difference proportional to the applied field and independent of the inherent double refraction of the crystals. The two rays are reduced to the same plane of polarization by the Nicol prism 4 and produce an intensity dependent on their phase difference. The crystal 3 may be subjected to an electric field, and is preferably cut from the same mother crystal as the crystal 2, Figs. 2 and 3 (not shown). Both crystals may be divided into narrow plates with intercalated electrodes, and the individual plates may be further subdivided to produce a desired frequency characteristic, Fig. 4 (not shown). In order to adjust the phase difference for a desired initial field, one crystal may be divided at 25, Fig. 5, so that relative displacement of the two sections will alter the length of the path through the crystal and therefore the phase shift between the ordinary and extraordinary rays. Alternatively, the crystals may be rotated slightly about an axis at right angles to the direction of the light. The crystal faces may be blackened, and the individual sections are held together without cement Fig. 6, (not shown). The second crystal 3 may be replaced by a crystal thinner than the crystal 2 but having a greater double refraction, e.g. limespar, Fig. 7 (not shown). The light valve may be made so small that optical stops or lenses are unnecessary, Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11 (not shown). In a modification, the face of the crystal from which the light emerges is ground off obliquely, so that interference bands are formed, and the electric field applied may be measured by observing the shift of the bands. Specification 307,539, [Class 40 (iii)], is referred to.
Patent GB-1387922-A (GB)
Title: Process for production of an article of plastic
IPC: B29C45/00
Filed: 1972-05-12
Abstract: 1387922 Injection moulding layered products KRAUSS-MAFFEI AG 12 May 1972 [3 June 1971] 22546/72 Heading B5A A layered porous article is moulded by injecting a first foaming material into a closed mould and allowing it to expand and at least partly harden, and then injecting a second foaming or non foaming material into the mould to form a layer on the first material, which becomes compressed to accommodate the second material but is not punctured by it. The first foam material may be injected into a mould cavity corresponding to the final size of the article or into a smaller cavity which is enlarged before the second injection. On release from the mould the compressed first foam material may recover its first moulded shape. In the system on the right in Fig. 3 two components from containers 52, 53 are metered by pumps 58 to a mixing head 56 which is connected to the mould cavity 37 and has a piston which can be displaced hydraulically until its end face lies flush with the mould surface to empty the mixing chamber. In the system shown on the left two injection heads 36, 39 are selectively fed via valves 44, 45 by the same containers 32, 33 and pumps 38. Although the materials of the two layers are obtained from the same source with both of these systems foaming of the second layer can be reduced or stopped by adjustment of the injection pressure. Alternatively the two systems can be combined, a foam layer being injected through mixing head 56 and non-foam layers injected on both sides of this through mixing heads 36, 39. The mixing heads shown may be replaced by injection moulding nozzles supplying plastics melts. Examples of plastics materials are given.
Patent GB-693954-A (GB)
Title: Method of making gas-expanded organic plastics
IPC: C08J9/10
Filed: 1951-09-28
Abstract: Gas expanded polymeric material is obtained by mixing an aliphatic sulphonyl hydrazide with a polymer such as polyvinylchloride, shaping the mixture and heating it to decompose the hydrazide.  Specified sulphonyl hydrazides are those in which the alkyl group is methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, or dodecane; propane-1,3-disulphonyl hydrazide, butane-1,4-disulphonyl hydrazide, pentane-1,5-disulphonyl hydrazide; beta oxybis (ethane sulphonyl hydrazide), beta thio bis (ethane sulphonyl hydrazide), triglycol bis (sulphonyl chloride hydrazide); propane acid-beta sulphonyl hydrazide, and beta acetamino ethane sulphonyl hydrazide.  In examples the blowing effect and ageing properties of various aliphatic sulphonyl hydrazides on a mix consisting of polyvinyl chloride, calcium stearate and tricresyl phosphate are illustrated. Specification 686,814 is referred to.ALSO:Gas expanded organo-plastic material is obtained by mixing an aliphatic sulphonyl hydrazide with an organoplastic such as rubber which is capable of assuming a normally solid state and having sufficient consistency and tensile strength at ordinary atmospheric temperature to retain the expanded structure , resulting from the blowing, shaping the mixture, heating to decompose the hydrazide, retaining the resulting gas in the mixture and thus effecting expansion.  Specified sulphonyl hydrazides are those in which the alkyl group is methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, or dodecane; propane-1,3,-disulphonyl hydrazide, butane-1,4,-disulphonyl hydrazide, pentane-1,5,-disulphonyl hydrazide; beta oxybis (ethane sulphonyl hydrazide), beta thio bis (ethane sulphonyl hydrazide), triglycol bis (sulphonyl chloride hydrazide); propane acid-beta sulphonyl hydrazide, and beta acetamine ethane sulphonyl hydrazide.  In Examples the blowing effect and ageing properties of various aliphatic sulphonyl hydrazides on a mix consisting of pale crepe rubber, bis benzothiezole disulphide, zinc oxide, whiting, lithopone, stearic acid light mineral oil and sulphur are illustrated.  Specification 686,814 is referred to.
Patent GB-1185108-A (GB)
Title: Method of Producing Compounds Containing a Double Carbon-Carbon Bond
IPC: C07C1/34
Filed: 1967-05-16
Abstract: 1,185,108. Vitamin A compounds. N.V. PHILIPS GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN. 16 May, 1967 [19 May, 1966], No. 22692/67. Heading C2V. Compounds having a double carbon-to-carbon bond, e.g. Vitamin A and its derivatives and precursors, of formula   where R<SP>2</SP>, R<SP>2</SP> , R<SP>3</SP> and R3<SP>1 </SP>are H atoms, alkyl, cyclo-alkyl, aralkyl or aryl groups, R<SP>2</SP> and R<SP>3</SP> together may form a cyclic group, R<SP>2</SP> may also have a substituent =N-R<SP>1</SP>, where R1 is an H atom or an alkyl or aralkyl group, are obtained by reacting an adduct of an electron acceptor and an azomethine of formula with a phosphorane of formula where R<SP>2#1</SP> may contain a substituent of formula and R<SP>4</SP>, R<SP>4#1</SP> and R<SP>4#11</SP> are alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or alkoxyaryl groups. The electron, acceptor may be BF 3 , SnCl 4 , FeCl 3 , AlCl 3 , P 2 O 5 , CdCl 2 , AlBr 3 , ZnCl 2 , PCl 5 , GaCl 3 , BCl 3 , BBr 3 , SnBr 4 , SnI 4 , SbCl 5  or SbF 5 . The phosphorane may be obtained in situ from a quaternary phosphonium compound (which may be prepared from a phosphine), and the azomethine may be obtained by reduction of a nitril. In examples #-carotene is obtained in processes in which the starting materials are Vitamin A nitril and axerophthylidene triphenyl phosphonium hydrosulphate, N - n - butylretinylidene azomethine and axerophthylidene triphenyl phosphonium hydrosulphate, Vitamin-A-acetate andVitamin-A- nitril and Vitamin-A alcohol, triphenyl phosphine and N-n-butylretinylidene azomethine; # 35 -carotene is obtained from trans-#-ionylidene acetonitril and axerophthylidene triphenyl phosphonium hydrosulphate, N-n-butyl-# 15 -azomethine and axerophthylidene triphenyl phosphonium hydrosulphate, all-trans-Vitamin-A- alcohol, triphenyl phosphine and ionylidene acetonitril, all - trans - Vitamin - A - acetate, triphenyl phosphine and N-n-butyl-# 15 -azomethine, and #-ionylidene ethanol, triphenyl phosphine and Vitamin-A-nitril; and # 34 - carotene is obtained from #-ionylidene acetonitril and butene-1,4-diphosphonium bromide.
Patent GB-424202-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for preventing damage from backfiring in internal combustion engines
IPC: F01L1/00
Filed: 1933-08-14
Abstract: 424,202. Preventing damage from backfiring. HADJIDAKIS, S. G., Canea, Crete, Greece. Aug. 14, 1933, Nos. 22708, 22709, and 22710. Convention dates, Aug. 12, 1932, Dec. 31, 1932, and June 19, 1933. [Classes 7 (ii) and 7 (iii)] [See also Groups XXI and XXXVII] In a device for preventing damage from backfiring in which fuel or combustible mixture rises from the end of a pipe dipping into mercury in a mercury trap, the backfire operates an audible or visual signal or both. A fuel-air mixture from a carburetter enters a mercury receptacle 1 through a valved pipe 2 which dips below the surface of the mercury, and leaves the receptacle through an outlet pipe 4, the flared end of which is above the level of the mercury. If a backfire occurs, the mercury rises in the pipe 2 closing its valve 3 and a safety valve 19 opens the receptacle to the atmosphere. A pair of electrical contacts 9, 10 disposed across a tube 6 dipping deeply into the mercury are bridged thereby when a backfire occurs, to close a circuit operating an alarm and, if desired, auxiliary motor. The receptacle may be heated by an electric heater 30, Fig. 8, to which the supply of current is determined by a thermostat 33 associated with a pendulum 45 normally held displaced from the vertical by its end 53, Fig. 9, engaging one or other of two notches 52 in a resiliently supported bar 54. With the receptacle cold and the pendulum in its right-hand position, the needle of the thermostat 33 engages a contact 34 to close a circuit including a lead 38, fixed contact 40, movable contact 42 on the pendulum 45, solenoid 46 and a battery 37. The solenoid pulls the pendulum to the left, breaking this circuit and completing a circuit including the heater 30, contact 50 on the pendulum and fixed contact 51. This circuit remains closed until the needle 32 moves over to a second contact 35 in a circuit including a lead 39, fixed contact 41, pendulum contact 43 and a solenoid 47 which pulls the pendulum to the right where it remains until the temperature has fallen to bring the needle 32 to the contact 34. An aluminium plate 60 on the mercury prevents splashing &c. The inlet pipe may have a perforated end of sinuous or rose form or have a number of small pipes radiating from it. In another form, cones associated alternately closely and in spaced relation to the pipe provide a circuitous path for the mixture and prevent loss of mercury if the receptacle is inverted, the alarm being actuated through a manometer.
Patent GB-229962-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in lamps for vehicles or the like
IPC: F21V19/00
Filed: 1924-09-27
Abstract: 229,962. Heath & Sons, Ltd., S., Tongue, A., and Mason, A. E. Sept. 27, 1924. Mounting electric lamps in lanterns.-In a vehicle or like lamp in which means are provided on the exterior of the casing for adjusting the electric lamp bulb along the axis of the reflector, the lamp socket, reflector, adjusting-screw, and a spring disposed between the lamp socket and the reflector are so assembled that they can be removed from the casing as a single unit. The lamp socket 6 is slidably mounted in a tube 5 which is provided at the back of the reflector 4 and carries a flange 7 for holding a washer 8 in position. Secured to this washer is a plate spring 9 which also engages with pins 11 on the socket 6 and carrier a screw 12. The screw 12 has a part-conical head 13 engaging a recess 14 in the casing 1. The bulb is adjusted by turning the head 13, the spring being prevented from rotating by a channel-shaped guide 10 fixed to the casing. The lamp front 2 and the reflector 4 may be detachably secured to the casing 1 by the means described in Specification 223,835.
Patent GB-814641-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to chain shifting mechanism of the derailleur type for bicycles
IPC: B62M9/124
Filed: 1954-08-10
Abstract: 814,641. Change-speed chain gear. CYCLO GEAR CO. Ltd., and EVERILL, A. R. Sept. 20, 1955 [Aug. 10, 1954], No. 23162/54. Class 80 (2). In a chain-shift change-speed gear for cycles, wherein a bracket 1, carrying guide and tension sprockets or pulleys 2, and mounted on a slidable post 3, adjusted axially for chain-shift by a control chain 6 in opposition to the compression of a coil spring 7 which also applies a torsion load to the bracket 1 for chain tensioning, and the torsion of which spring is adjusted by moving its cranked inner end 18 into one of a number of notches in the rim of a stationary ring 9, the said notches are formed as teeth 13 separated by ramps 14 over which the spring end is easily pressed when adjustment from notch to notch is required. The other end of the spring is anchored in a ring 8 forming part of the bracket 1. The ring 9 is a pressing retained on a stationary support 5 by a pin 17 or key and a nut 10.
Patent GB-838812-A (GB)
Title: Electrodeposition of nickel
IPC: C25D3/12
Filed: 1956-07-26
Abstract: Compounds of the general formula <FORM:0838812/IV (b)/1> p  where R1 is phenyl, naphthyl or a substituted phenyl or naphthyl radical, and R2 is phenyl, naphthyl, or a substituted phenyl or naphthyl radical or an alkyl radical having not more than 4 C atoms, and wherein the substituents in the substituted phenyl and naphthyl radicals of R1 and R2 are selected from alkyls and halogens, are stated to be prepared in a manner analogous to that of Specification 753,728 for the compound (C6H5SO2NHSO2C6H4)2O and its substituted derivatives. Specification 838,813 also is referred to.
Patent GB-640812-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrolytic cells
IPC: H01M6/28
Filed: 1948-09-03
Abstract: 640,812. Batteries. MUIRHEAD & CO., Ltd., and TUCKER, E. W. Sept. 3, 1948, No. 23286. [Class 53] A standard cell of the Weston type is provided with a container 1 having a short partition 4 at the lower end to form two compartments containing the cadmium amalgam and mercury electrodes 5, 6 respectively. Above the mercury 6 is a paste 7 of mercurous sulphate. The lower half of the container below a porous diaphragm 9 is filled with crystals 8 of cadmium sulphate, a solution of cadmium sulphate 11 being introduced into the tube above the diaphragm which is held in position by a member 10. Specification 628,372 is referred to.
Patent GB-387729-A (GB)
Title: New or improved weather-guards or protectors for attachment to, or use in connectionwith, motor-cycle and other saddles
IPC: B62J17/00
Filed: 1931-08-19
Abstract: 387,729. Cycle weather-guards ; saddles. JELLEY, H. and JELLEY, J., Drilastic Works, Warwick Road, Tyseley, Birmingham. Aug. 19, 1931, No. 23318. [Classes 136 (i) and 136 (iii).] A weather-guard for protecting the lower part of the body of the rider of a motor-cycle &c. from rain is applied to the peak of a saddle and comprises a flexible shield of rubber, rubber and canvas, &c. adapted to contact with and conform to the contours and movements of the lower abdominal regions of the rider's body. The shield a is formed with a part b shaped to fit over the peak c<1> of the saddle, and has depending side portions b<2> provided with forwardly curved edges b3 where the rider's thighs make contact therewith, and with grooves b<4> to in. crease flexibility and act as drainage gutters. The guard is secured to the peak c<1> by means of a metal strap b<1>, which is either riveted to the peak fitting d or is pivoted thereto at d<1> to permit of a tilting adjustment. Alternatively, the part b may have a forward extension for connection to the peak by rivets or screws. The inner edges of the downward extensions b<2> may be moulded or provided with hook-like parts adapted to engage under the edges of the peak c<1>. The peak c<1> may be formed with a channel or rib to fit a rib or channel on the part b of the guard. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 355,037.
Patent GB-1263699-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to measuring devices
Inventor: REASON RICHARD EDMUND
IPC: G01B7/34
Filed: 1968-05-16
Abstract: 1,263,699. Measuring surface roughness electrically; peak and mean voltage measurement. RANK ORGANISATION Ltd. May 14, 1969 [May 16, 1968], No.23342/68. Headings G1N and G1U. The condition of a surface is sensed by a stylus producing electrical signals corresponding to the peaks and valleys which are fed to storage capacitors and subsequently combined to determine the mean peak and valley values. As shown Fig. 1, a stylus 11 is driven by a shaft 14 to traverse a test surface 12, the variations in level being converted by transducer 13 to electrical signals which are fed via amplifier 23, diode 29 and wiper contact 16 successively to capacitors 10. The wiper 16 is geared to shaft 14 so that each capacitor 10 is associated with a unit length of surface 12 and is charged to a voltage representing the peak value of that length. The wiper 16 is followed by a conductive segment 24 which progressively inter-connects the capacitors 10 to enable the mean peak to be indicated on a meter 25. A similar bank fed through a reversed diode enables the mean valley to be indicated on a meter. The switching may be effected electronically by transistors Q 1  -Q n  Fig. 4 which are fed consecutively with a positive base potential to make one conductive whilst the remainder are fed with a negative base potential to leave them open. Thus, initially transistor Q 1  is made conductive with V 1  positive and capacitor C 1  is charged to the peak value of the measuring signal V o , which is also fed via cathode follower valve E 1 , to meter M. During this period all the other transistor base voltages V 2 -V n  are negative. After a desired interval V 1  is made negative and V 2  positive, when M indicates the peak value of the second section of the test surface. This is continued throughout the series of transistors Q 1  -Q n , when switch S is opened and all the transistors Q 1 -Q n  switched on, when meter M indicates the mean value of the peaks. Transistor Q c  is then made conductive to discharge all the capacitors C 1  -C n , switch 5 is closed and the cycle repeated. The switching voltages V 1  etc. may be obtained from an open ring counter driven by a multi-vibrator.