Patent GB-919318-A (GB)
Title: Sizing solution for glass fibers
Inventor: EILERMAN GEORGE EDWARD
IPC: C03C25/26
Filed: 1960-07-07
Abstract: Aqueous sizing solutions suitable for application to glass fibre filaments comprise a synthetic latex made by emulsion polymerization of an ethylenic monomer as a binder, an alkenyl acyloxy silane as a coupling agent, a textile softener for glass fibre filaments and a water-soluble melamine formaldehyde resin. The coupling agent may be vinyltriacetoxy silane or vinyltripropionoxy silane.  The textile softeners may be acid solubilized fatty acid amides, e.g. of pelargonic or stearic acid, or m -alkyl N-amidoalkyl imidazolines, e.g. prepared by reacting tetraethylene pentamine with stearic acid. The latex may be an emulsion of a polymer of an acrylic or methacrylic acid ester, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, styrene, acrylonitrile, chlorovinyl acetate, butadiene or vinylidene chloride, or a copolymer of butadiene with styrene or acrylonitrile or of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate.  The latex may contain a plasticizer, e.g. dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate or tricresyl phosphate.  The size may also contain wetting agents such as cetyl or stearyl monoamine hydrochloride or acetate, dodecyl amine, hexadecyl amine, dodecyl methyl amine, trimethyl stearyl and cetyl ammonium bromides and chlorides, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate or polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate.  The sizes may be used for sizing glass fibres for use in the preparation of reinforcements for thermosetting resins such as polyester resins and epoxy resins.ALSO:Aqueous sizing solutions suitable for application to glass fibre filaments comprise a synthetic latex made by emulsion polymerisation of an ethylenic monomer as a binder, an alkenyl acyloxy silane as a coupling agent, a textile softener for glass fibre filaments and a water-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resin. The coupling agent may be vinyl triacetoxy silane or vinyl tripropionoxy silane.  The textile softeners may be acid solubilised fatty acid amides, e.g. of pelargonic or stearic acid, or m -alkyl-amido-alkyl imidazolines, e.g. prepared by reacting tetraethylene pentamine with stearic acid.  The latex may be an emulsion of a polymer of an acrylic or methacrylic acid ester, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, styrene, acrylonitrile, chlorovinyl acetate, butadiene or vinylidene chloride, or a copolymer of butadiene with styrene or acrylonitrile or of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate.  The latex may contain a plasticiser, e.g. dibutyl phthalate, dioctylph-thalate, diisoctyl phthalate or tricresyl phosphate, and the size may contain a wetting agent, e.g. cetyl or stearyl monoamine hydrochloride or acetate, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, dodecylmethylamine, trimethyl stearyl or cetyl ammonium bromide or chloride, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate or polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate.  The size may be applied to glass filaments after their emergence from a bushing and prior to or after the grouping of the filaments to form strands which may be used to make chopped strand mats or woven fabrics for reinforcing thermosetting resins, e.g. unsaturated polyester or epoxy resins.