Patent GB-607695-A (GB)
Title: An improved lubricant
Filed: 1945-07-09
Abstract: A lubricant resembling a grease in its solid homogeneous colloidal structure is obtained by blending from 5 to 40 per cent of structure carbon black with an oily viscous organic liquid. The carbon blacks known as structure blacks are acetylene black and the finer channel blacks prepared from natural gas, particularly those known as colour blacks of below 60m  particle size.  The oily viscous organic liquid may be mineral lubricating oil or the fluorine-or silicon-containing or oxygenated hydrocarbons enumerated below:-  (a) fluorinated compounds having from 5 to 50 carbon atoms in the molecule; (b) alkyl, aryl, cyclic, oxyalkyl, oxyaryl, halogenated alkyl, aryl, oxyalkyl and oxyaryl derivatives of silicon and their polymers containing from 2 to 50 silicon atoms in the molecule; various suitable silicon compounds are listed and mention is made of those containing halogen, nitrogen, phosphorus or sulphur in the molecule; (c) the esters of aliphatic dibasic acids, particularly those esters in which the esterifying radicle is a branched chain alkyl; these esters may have additional substituents containing halogen, nitrogen, sulphur, oxygen or metals; (d) other halogenated hydrocarbons and other esters of dibasic acids such as the esters of benzoic and phthalic acids; (e) oxygenated hydrocarbon substances such as the non-drying oils and fats, castor oil, glycerine, glycols, the polyglycols, polyvinyl alcohols, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sorbitan esters and sugar syrup.  Additional ingredients may be present in the lubricant compositions.  Thus extreme pressure agents such as sulphurised, chlorinated or sulphochlorinated mineral oil, fatty oil, esters, olefins, diolefins or amines may be added.  Also sulphides, disulphides, xanthates, carbonates, polysulphides, xanthate polysulphides, their metal derivatives, chloroxanthates, chloro waxsulphur polymers, chlorokerosene, "Parapoid" (Registered Trade Mark), chloromercaptans or mercaptides may be employed with corrosion inhibitors such as amine condensation products, amines, alkanol-amines, ammonium bases or onium compounds.  Further extreme pressure agents which may be employed are phosphorus sesquisulphide, powdered lead, free sulphur, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide and phosphite.  Thickening agents such as glyceride polymers or other ester polymers may be employed and the use of polybutene in combination with a methacrylic acid ester polymer is particularly advantageous.  Rubber latex, with or without oxidation inhibitor, or oil solution of natural or synthetic rubber, may also be employed in the composition. Corrosion preventives such as a mixture of degras and metallic sulphonates may be added.  Lead and other metal soaps, metal salts, sulphonates, phenates, phenol sulphides, thiophosphates or reaction products of sulphonates with P4S3 may be employed. Anti-oxidants such as aliphatic or alkaryl amines, the reaction products of amines and aldehydes, aminated phenol formaldehyde reaction products, diamines, alkylated phenols or cresols, and amino phenols may also be included.  In the examples, lubricants are described composed of (1) acetylene black or fine channel black with mineral lubricating oil, fluorinated gas oil, p  silicone oil or di-2-ethyl hexyl sebacate; (2) acetylene black or fine channel black, polybutene and P4S3 with mineral lubricating oil; (3) fine channel black with glycerine; (4) acetylene black and fine channel black with silicone oil and (5) structure black with secondary butyl sebacate. For comparison purposes a composition consisting of di-2-ethyl hexyl sebacate and sodium soaps of mixed C12-C22 fatty acids is described and in graphs accompanying the Specification the properties of the mineral lubricating oil compositions of the examples are compared with those of lubricating greases consisting of (i) calcium soap of animal fat and lead oleate with mineral lubricating oil; (ii) soda soap of animal fat with mineral lubricating oil; and (iii) calcium and lead soaps of animal fat with mineral lubricating oil, thickened if desired with polybutene.ALSO:A lubricant resembling a grease in its solid homogeneous colloidal structure is obtained by blending from 5 to 40 per cent of structure carbon black with an oily viscous organic liquid. The carbon blacks known as structure blacks are acetylene black and the finer channel blacks prepared from natural gas, particularly those known as colour blacks of below 60m  particle size.  The oily viscous organic liquid may be chosen from alkyl, aryl, cyclic, oxyalkyl, oxyaryl, halogenated alkyl, aryl, oxyalkyl and oxyaryl derivatives of silicon and their polymers containing from 2 to 50 silicon atoms in the molecule.  Various suitable silicon compounds are listed and mention is made of those containing halogen, nitrogen, phosphorus or sulphur in the molecule.  Additional ingredients may be present in the lubricant compositions.  Thus extreme pressure agents such as sulphurised, chlorinated or sulpho-chlorinated mineral oil, fatty oil, esters, olefins, diolefins or amines may be added.  Also sulphides, disulphides, xanthates, carbamates, polysulphides, xanthate polysulphides, their metal derivatives, chloroxanthates, chloro wax-sulphur polymers, chlorokerosene, "Parapoid" (Registered Trade Mark), chloromercaptans or mercaptides may be employed with corrosion inhibitors such as amine condensation products, amines, alkanolamines, ammonium bases or onium compounds.  Further extreme pressure agents which may be employed are phosphorus sesqui-sulphide, powdered lead, free sulphur, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide and phosphite.  Thickening agents such as glyceride polymers or other ester polymers may be employed and the use of polybutene in combination with a methacrylic acid ester polymer is particularly advantageous.  Rubber latex, with or without oxidation inhibitor, or oil solution of natural or synthetic rubber, may also be employed in the composition. Corrosion preventives such as a mixture of degras and metallic sulphonates may be added.  Lead and other metal soaps, metal salts, sulphonates, phenates, phenol sulphides, thiophosphates or reaction products of sulphonates with P4S3 may be employed.  Antioxidants such as aliphatic or alkaryl amines, the reaction products of amines and aldehydes, aminated phenol formaldehyde reaction products, diamines, alkylated phenols or cresols, and amino phenols may also be included.  In the examples, lubricants are described, composed of acetylene black and fine channel black with silicone oil.