Patent GB-1094081-A (GB)
Title: Rotary machine of blade type
IPC: F01C1/344
Filed: 1964-12-17
Abstract: 1,094,081. Rotary engines, pumps &c. D. ODAWARA. Dec.17, 1964 [Dec. 17, 1963; Dec.28, 1963; June 24, 1964; July 18, 1964; Oct.9, 1964; Nov.18, 1964(2); Dec.8, 1964], No.51407/64. Heading F1F. A rotary machine of blade type comprising a rotor hub having a plurality of circumferentiallyspaced blades and mounted on a shaft for eccentric rotation within a rotor sealed with respect to and concentric with a fixed outer casing between which and the rotor is disposed anti-friction means to permit rotation of the rotor, wherein the rotor is cup-shaped. In one embodiment, described as an I. C. engine, a rotor hub 2, Fig.4, is formed with a plurality of radial slots 10 within which slide blades 6 and between each pair of adjacent slots a combustion chamber. The hub 2 concentrically mounted on a shaft 3, Fig. 3, eccentrically rotates within a cup-shaped rotor 4 which itself is mounted on rollers 5 for rotation within a fixed outer casing 1. Air-fuel mixture from a carburetter 25 continuously admitted to the engine through an inlet port 26 via a compression device 23 is compressed on rotation of the rotor hub and ignited when fully compressed by a spark-plug 21. A by-pass 13 passes hot gas from the preceding combustion chamber to assist combustion. A further compression device 24 assists the scavenging of exhaust gases through the exhaust port 19. The engine may also operate as a fuelinjection engine, in which case the spark-plug is replaced by a fuel-injector through which fuel is injected to each combustion chamber in turn and mixed with compressed air admitted to the engine through the inlet port. The blades 6 are made in two parts with one part having a tongue and the other a groove and are urged apart by springs 11 and radially by springs 9 into sealing engagement with the cup-shaped rotor 4 and the casing cover 20. A groove on the outer end of each blade accommodates a blade packing 7 which again is of a two-part tongue and groove construction. In another embodiment, the rotor, is made as two facing cup-shaped members 4a, 4b, Fig. 7, the hub 2 then being shaped to cooperate with the fixed outer casing 1 through which a fuel-injector 14 and an air admission port 17a project. Blades 6, Fig. 12, are then used having labyrinth sealing grooves 27 between the blades and the outer casing and packing pieces 7 between the blades and the rotor parts 4a, 4b. In other embodiments, the machine is adapted to operate as a pump or compressor or being driven by steam, compressible or non-compressible fluids. Due to high operating pressures the springs and centrifugal force may be insufficient to urge the blades 6 sealingly against the rotor 4. To overcome this the blades are carried by the rotor. In one construction a blade 6, Fig. 21B, is journalled in a sliding block 47 operating in an annular slot in a projection 46 in the rotor 4 and a bearing 5 is fitted between the projection and the outer casing 1. Seal plates between the end faces of the blades and the adjacent side faces of the rotor 4 then become necessary and may take the form of inter-engaging sector plates 43a, 43b, Fig. 24, which permit movement corresponding to the relative movement between the blades 6 and rotor 4. The blades 6, may be telescopically constructed, e.g., parts 6a, 6b, 6c, Fig. 27A are urged radially outwards by independent springs. Shoulders 58a, 58b, 58c on each of the parts limiting this movement. A self-ignition device may be employed in the I. C. embodiments which relies on residual flames previously ignited and comprises a recess 65, Fig. 30, in the outer casing 1 having a small opening 67 to atmosphere controlled by a needle valve 68 and a glow-plug 69. In operation, the valve 68 is opened, the plug 69 activated and the engine supplied with an air/fuel mixture suitable for ignition which is pressurized which is in part discharged through the opening 67 but in the main is ignited by the glow-plug. The heated gases expand into the engine to rotate the rotor and also heat the recess 65 which in time together with an ignition ball 69' becomes red-hot. The valve 68 is then closed and the plug 69 no longer activated whence ignited gaseous mixture from the recess 65 is injected into the combustion chamber. Two or more machines can be coupled in parallel to operate as multi-cylinder compressors.