Patent GB-852548-A (GB)
Title: Polyethoxy quaternary ammonium compounds as levelling and stripping agents for dyestuffs
IPC: D06P5/13
Filed: 1958-02-04
Abstract: The invention comprises new water-soluble compounds, the cation of which corresponds, upon complete dissociation of the compound in aqueous solution, to the formula:  <FORM:0852548/IV(a)/1> in which R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8-22 carbon atoms, each of m, n and p represents a whole number from 0 to 200, the sum of m, n, and p amounting to 10-200, one of the substituents v and w is lower alkyl or phenyl (lower) alkyl and the other is H, lower alkyl or phenyl (lower) alkyl; and the anion of which is a residue of an organic or inorganic acid, the acid being one which is not capillary active.  The "lower" alkyl groups referred to are those having 1-4 carbon atoms.  The compounds referred to above and those having a cation of the formula given above in which v and w are both hydrogen are prepared by reacting diamines of formula R.NHCH2CU2CU2-NM2 with oxyethylating agents and optionally subsequently with alkylating or arllkylating agents.  The amines may be in a pure state or may be technical mixtures such as, for example, N - aminopropyl - R - amines in which the R groups correspond to the mixture of alkyl groups present in coconut fatty acids, soya fatty acids or tallow fatty acids.  Suitable oxyethylating agents are, for example, ethylene oxide, polyethylene glycols, or mono alkoxy derivatives thereof which contain reactive halogen atoms, or of acid polyethylene glycol sulphates.  The oxyethylated amines can, if desired, be further treated with alkylating agents or phenylalkylating agents which are capable of quaternising basic nitrogen atoms, e.g. dimethyl sulphate, methyl chloride and benzyl chloride.  The products possess surface-active properties and may be used as levelling and stripping agents with various dyestuffs (see Group IV(c)).ALSO:The invention comprises new water-soluble compounds, the cation of which corresponds, upon complete dissociation of the compound in aqueous solution, to the formula: <FORM:0852548/IV(b)/1> in which R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms, each of m, n and p represents a whole number from 0 to 200, the sum of m + n + p amounting to 10-200, one of the substituents v and w is lower alkyl or phenyl (lower) alkyl, and the other is H, lower alkyl or phenyl (lower) alkyl; and the anion of which is a residue of an organic or inorganic acid, the acid being one which is not capillary-active.  The "lower" alkyl groups referred to are those having from one to four carbon atoms. The compounds referred to above and those having a cation of the formula given above in which both v and w are hydrogen are prepared by reacting diamines of formula R.NHCH2CH2CH2NH2 with oxyethylating agents and optionally subsequently also with alkylating or aralkylating agents.  The amines may be in a pure state or may be technical mixtures such as, for example, N-aminopropyl-R-amines in which the R groups correspond to the mixture of alkyl groups present in coconut fatty acids, soya fatty acids or tallow fatty acids. Suitable oxyethylating agents are, for example, ethylene oxide, polyethylene glycols, or mono alkoxy derivatives thereof, which contain reactive halogen atoms, or of acid polyethylene-glycol sulphates.  The oxyethylated amines can, if desired, be further treated with alkylating agents or phenyl alkylating agents which are capable of quaternising basic nitrogen atoms, e.g. dimethyl sulphate, methyl chloride and benzyl chloride.  The products possess surface-active properties and may be employed as levelling and stripping agents with various dyestuffs (see Group IV(c)).ALSO:Polyethoxy quaternary ammonium compounds having a cation of formula:  <FORM:0852548/IV (c)/1> in which R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8-22 carbon atoms, each of m, n and p represents a numeral in the range 0-200, the sum of m, n and p being from 10 to 200, and each of x and y represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl or phenyl (lower) alkyl group, and having an anion which is a residue of an inorganic or organic acid which is not capillary active; are used as levelling and stripping agents for dyestuffs. The "lower" alkyl groups referred to are those having 1-4 carbon atoms.  The compounds may be used with vat dyestuffs, direct dyestuffs or with dyestuffs which draw from an acid bath.  They may also be used as dispersing agents in dyeing with pigments.  They may be added to the dye bath before or during the dyeing operation.  The textiles which may be treated include cotton, regenerated cellulose, wool, silk, casein fibres, polyamide fibres or polyurethane fibres and they may be treated in the form of loose fibres, yarn or fabric. The compounds may be used in the presence of usual dyebath additives. Examples are given of the use of the compounds in the dyeing of wool in hank form, wool gaberdine, nylon, loose wool, cotton, cotton gaberdine and cotton fabric.