Patent GB-1014678-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sizing compositions
IPC: C08L93/04
Filed: 1963-03-13
Abstract: Terpene polymers, e.g. dimers or higher polymer of allo-ocimene, carene, pinene, dipentene, terpinene, terpinolene or turpentine, a preferred material being "sulphate turpentine," are obtained with or without solvent and with known catalyst, e.g. H2SO4, H3PO4 fuller's earth, BF3, or chlorides of metals having amphoteric oxides.ALSO:A paper sizing composition comprises a neutralized modified rosin and a terpene polymer in aqueous dispersion.  The rosin may be modified by hydrogenation, polymerization, heating or treatment with CH2O or an a ,b -unsaturated acid or a derivative thereof.  Tall oil rosin is specified.  It may be treated with the unsaturated acid before or after mixing with the terpene polymer. In the latter case a solvent may be used, e.g. tetrahydronaphthalene, decahydronaphthalene, an aromatic petroleum fraction, and chlorinated diphenyls.  A peroxide catalyst may also be used, e.g. benzoyl, dicumyl, or di-tert-butyl peroxides or cumene hydroperoxide.  a ,b  unsaturated acids specified are acrylic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic, aconitic, methacrylic, and a - and b -crotonic acids, anhydrides of these acids and acrylonitrile. 0.5-50% of this reaction product may be present in the composition.  Terpene polymers specified are dimers or higher polymers of allo-ocimene, carene, pinene, dipentene, terpinene, terpinolene, or turpentines containing camphene, limonene and phellandrene, 0.5-45% may be used.  The composition may also contain fatty acids, 0.5-27% of a terpene polymer treated with an a ,b -unsaturated acid and 1-5% of Al2(SO4)3. The terpene polymer may be treated with the acid before or after adding the rosin, the reactants being heated to 150-250 DEG  C. in the presence of up to 15% of peroxide catalyst.  The composition may be heated to 100-150 DEG  C. with sufficient aqueous alkali, e.g. NaOH, KOH, Na2CO3 or K2CO3, t neutralize 70-95% of the acid groups in the rosin.ALSO:Reaction products are formed by reaction between terpene polymers and a ,b -unsaturated mono- or polybasic carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof.  The polymer and acid reactants are mixed and heated for example to a temperature of 150-250 DEG  C. with or without peroxide catalysts.  The terpene polymers may be dimers or higher polymers of, e.g. allo-ocimene, carene, pinene, dipentene, terpinene, terpinolene or turpentine.  The acid derivative may be the anhydride or nitrile, e.g. maleic anhydride or acrylonitrile.  An example describes the reaction between a terpene polymer fraction containing dimers, trimers and tetramers and maleic anhydride.ALSO:Sized paper is made using a sizing composition comprising an aqueous dispersion of partially neutralized rosin, and 0.5-45% by weight, based on the rosin, of a terpene polymer.  The term "rosin" includes modified rosins, e.g. hydrogenated, polymerized, or heat-treated rosins, and rosins that have been reacted with formaldehyde or a , b -unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof.  The terpene polymers may be dimers or higher polymers of e.g. allo-ocimene, carene, pinene, dipentene, terpinene, terpinolene or turpentine, a preferred material being "sulphate turpentine".  Products of the reaction of a , b -unsaturated acids or derivative thereof and the terpene polymers may be added to the composition.  Paper may be made from pulp mixed with the composition.  The composition may be dehydrated to a dry size.