Patent GB-403121-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the treatment of knitted fabrics
IPC: D06M15/693
Filed: 1932-06-11
Abstract: Textiles, treating with liquids; unspecified types of dye, dyeing with; two or more types of dyes in one bath, dyeing with; regenerated celluloses, dyeing.--In the treatment of knitted fabrics, such s silk stockings, with an aqueous dispersion of rubber, e.g. latex, so that the deposited rubber is imperceptible to the sight and touch and the liability to run is reduced, the articles are treated in a scouring bath at a temperature not exceeding 212 DEG  F., after which colouring agents are added, together with an aqueous dispersion of rubber containing a relatively high proportion of casein or other protein.  The bath is further heated to a temperature not exceeding 212 DEG  F., to fix the dye (preferably 75 per cent acid dye and 25 per cent direct dye) and coagulate the rubber, the articles being then withdrawn, washed with water, extracted in a centrifugal machine and placed on steam-heated metal forms which dry the articles and effect vulcanisation.  The concentration of rubber in the bath should not exceed 10 per cent and the dispersion may consist of rubber 100 parts, casein 30, borax 4.5, stabiliser, sulphur and glue each 3 parts, sodium fluoride, accelerator and zinc oxide each 2 parts by weight.  Other constituents may be added e.g. antioxidants, fillers, softening agents, carbohydrates, gums and emulsified oils, the casein may be replaced by other proteins and pine oil and glycerine may be added.  In a modification, artificial silk articles may be removed from the scouring bath before adding the rubber dispersion which may be of synthetic instead of natural rubber.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the application to woven fabrics of various kinds and to knitted fabrics other than artificial and natural silk. Coagulation of the rubber may be effected chemically, e.g. by the addition of 5 per cent of potassium or ammonium alum or by acetic acid, acetone, alcohol, formaldehyde, tannic acid or a metallic salt, e.g. of aluminium or of the alkaline earths.  Delustering effects may be produced by precipitating an insoluble soap simultaneously with the coagulation of the latex or by the formation of an insoluble substance such as barium sulphate.  In the treatment of a woven silk fabric, the rubber is coagulated by the use of logwood extract or tannic acid.  An example is given of the treatment of woollen or wool and cotton fabrics wherein coagulation is produced by the addition of alum.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Fabrics are treated with an aqueous dispersion of rubber to produce a deposit of rubber which is imperceptible to the sight and touch.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 states also that coagulation of the rubber may be effected chemically, e.g. by the addition of 5 per cent of potassium or ammonium alum or by acetic acid, acetone, alcohol, formaldehyde, tannic acid or a metallic salt e.g. of aluminium or of the alkaline earths.  In the treatment of a woven silk fabric, coagulation is effected by the use of logwood extract or tannic acid. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.