Patent GB-190215668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Type Casting and Automatic Type Casting and Composing Machines and in Mechanical Controllers for the latter.
Inventor: PINEL JOSEPH
Filed: 1903-05-14
Granted: 1903-07-09
Abstract: 15,668. Pinel, J. July 14. Type; monotype and line machines. - Relates to a machine adapted to act as an ordinary type-casting machine or as an automatic casting and composing machine controlled by a perforated strip. Fig. 4 shows a front elevation, partly in section, of part of the machine, Fig. 11 a section on the line 11 ... 11, Fig. 4, Fig. 15 some of the matrices &c. of the rotary carrier, Fig. 47 a section through the mould, and Fig. 69 a perspective view of the driving-connections &c. The perforated strip or controller has transverse rows of character perforations, which for each character may vary in number from one to six or the greatest number provided for. These operate to rotate the matrix carrier 63 to bring the required matrix or vertical row of matrices opposite the mould cavity. There may be additional perforations on either side of the above, which operate to raise and lower the matrix carrier 63 to bring any of its circumferential rows or founts of matrices to the level of the mould cavity. The strip is printed with a proof of the matter, and is fed through the machine forwards or in the order of the composition. The matrix carrier or drum 63 has one or more circumferential rows or founts of matrices 68. It is formed of a body portion 64 and a cover-plate 63, between which the vertical rows of matrices 68, strung on rods 70, are confined. Plates 73 separate the vertical rows of matrices, and are provided with radial projections 78, of lengths varying with the set-way sizes of the types, which operate to adjust the size of the mould setwise according to the character. At intervals on the carrier 63 are vertical plates 8 for casting spaces, each having a projection 81, acting in the same manner as the projections 78, tu regulate the sizes of the spaces, and also a projection 82 for causing the spaces to be cast less in length or height than the length of the type bodies. The carrier 63 is also provided with a part 86 formed with horizontal rows or rings of radial locking-holes which engage a fixed pin 92 as the carrier is moved up to the mould, to position and lock the carrier. The carrier is removably fixed on a vertical shaft 94 mounted in ball bearings 199 on a horizontal slide 36 moving on the framing on ball bearings. An additional or emergency locking-device for the carrier 63 is provided, consisting of a notched disc 98 on the shaft 94 adapted to engage a detent 99 fixed on the framing. The perforated strip 24, Fig. 4, is fed from a spool or roller, through the machine, and then back to a winding-roller. The feed and winding spools or rollers are mounted on a plate detachably mounted on the machine frame, so that it may be removed, and the strip perforating or keyboard machine substituted for it. The strip passes in the direction of the arrows under the air chamber 101 round a guide-roller 59 and round the feed-drum 33 and roller 60. The drum 33 is fed intermittently by a pawl on a sliding carrier 43 having adjustable blocks 41, 42 between which engages one end of a lever engaged and operated by a lever 61 pivoted on the main shaft 62. The lever 61 is operated, each time the carrier 63 moves to the mould, by a projection 38 on the slide 36. The pawl operates a ratchet-wheel loose on the shaft of the drum and geared to the drum by bevel gearing. A detent pawl prevents return motion of the ratchet-wheel. Feed-pins on the drum engage longitudinal rows of feed-perforations in the strip. The shaft 94 of the matrix carrier is turned on its axis for change of matrix, as follows :-In the underside of the air chamber 101 is a row of ports registering with a row of ports in an elastic cushion in the framing beneath. This cushion makes an airtight connection between the strip and the cushion and chamber 101. The air supplied under pressure to the chamber 101 passes through any of the perforations opened by the character perforations in the strip, and passes through flexible tubes 108 to cylinders in a block 109. The pistons of these cylinders have rods 111 bearing against the upper ends of levers 112, pivoted at 113, and each connected to one of a series of parallel slides 115 movable between rails 116 on the framing. Where the slides 115 move one against another and against the rails 116 ball bearings are interposed, and the slides are held to the framing by slots and screws 119, 120. In the slides 115 are holes 124 and stops 125 distributed in vertical rows. When one or more of the slides is moved to the left, a row of holes 124 is formed, somewhere along the series, corresponding in relative position with the character perforations in the strip. In front of the slides is a series of levers 126 pivoted at 127, and having projecting pins on their faces, which enter the holes 124 when a vertical row of holes corresponds in position with the pins on the lever 126 opposite to it. The stops 125 prevent any but the proper lever 126 from being actuated. When the pins of a lever 126 enter the holes 124, that lever is moved so that a shoulder on it is in position to engage one of a series of stops arranged helically on a rotating drum 131, and so stop such drum. The drum 131 is rotated by a belt 134 through a friction clutch 139, Fig. 69, and is geared by bevel-wheels 145, 146 to a sleeve 148 with which a shaft 147 rotates but may slide vertically therein. The shaft 147 is connected to the lower end of the shaft 94 by a rod 152 and universal joints 151, 153. The matrix carrier 63 is thus rotated with, and stopped with, the drum 131. The arms 126 are muved back to normal position by a slide 163 operated by rods connected to cranks 158 on a shaft 157 operated by the lever 61. The matrix-carrier is raised and lowered to bring the different founts to the level of the mould, by the operation of the fount perforations in the strip. These cause the operation of pistons in cylinders 167, to project one of a series of stop pins 169 from the block 170. The projected pin is engaged, as the slide 36 moves towards the mould, by an arm on a shaft 196 in the slide 36, having another arm 195 engaging, by an antifriction ball, under the plate 98 which is fixed to the shaft 94. When the carrier 63 has been moved to the proper level, and one of the locking-holes is about to engage the pin 92, the block 170 is released by a detent, and moves with the slide 36 for the remainder of its movement. The arm 195 is adjustable vertically by a screw 206 in the slide 36, to regulate the height of the positioned fount of matrices. The slide 36 is reciprocated, Figs. 11 and 69, by a lever 181 engaging a cam-groove in the cam 184 on the shaft 62. The weight of the matrix carrier is balanced by a weight 200 on a lever 201 coupled to a collar 204 on the lower end of the shaft 147. If the controlling-strip should present an unperforated part to the air ports, none of the slides 115 is moved, and the drum is held with one of the space-casting plates 8 opposite the mould, by a lever 213 engaging a projection on the drum 131. When any of the slides is moved, a projection 208 thereon rocks a pivoted plate 209 engaging the lever 213 and releases the drum. If the controlling-strip should be broken, all the slides 115 will be moved, and the row of perforations 219 will be engaged by the left-hand lever 126, and this lever will stop the drum 131. The mould A slides to and from the casting position and the ejecting position, between two guides 226, 227, and is moved by a lever 221 operated by a cam-groove 223. The bottom of the mould cavity is formed by a fixed plate 220, the sides by two blocks adjustable one from the other for regulating the size of body of the types, and the top by the lower ends of two vertical slides 241, 242, Fig. 47, which are moved vertically to regulate the set-way dimensions of the type bodies. Over the side blocks is fixed a cover-plate. The two slides 241, 242 are of the same thickness, and move between the two side blocks. The slide 241 is pressed down by a spring 251, and the slide 242 by a spring 252. They normally move together, with their bottom ends in the same plane, a collar 248 on the slide 242 engaging over a collar 246 fixed on the slide 241, but the slide 242 may be held down, while the slide 241 is moved up, as the collar 248 is movable on the slide 242 and engages a shoulder 247. The downward movement of the slides is limited by a bar 255. As the matrix carrier moves to the mould, the pin 78 on the matrix engages a lever, and raises a pin 260 on which rests a lever 257 having an adjustable fulcrum 258, and an adjustable screw for limiting its downward movement. The lever 257 engages a cross-pin 250 fixed to the collar 246, and lifts both slides when a type is being cast. When a space is being cast, the projection 81, Fig. 15, lifts the slide 241, as above described, but the slide 242 is held down by the second projection 82 engaging over the shoulder 83. The spaces are thus cast shorter or lower than the type bodies. For regulating the size of the type body, the side blocks of the mould are moved the required distance apart, and a pair of slides 241, 242 of the required thickness is used. A dovetail distance-piece 276 holds the two side blocks the required distance apart, and this is changed for different sizes of type body, or it may be adjustable in width. The distance-piece is constantly urged down to the plate 220 by a spring 277. The position of the character in relation to the upper and lower sides of the type body is regulated by a screw stop 273, Fig. 4, on the framing, which limits the movement of the mould. The mould is cooled by air or water passing through conduits 280, 281, &c. in the plate 220 and other parts of the mould. The metal pot 292 is on a slide 293 movable to and from the mould by a screw 296. The burner 298 is under a compartment 332 of the metal pot into which the piston 301 descends to force the metal up through the nozzle 309 and into the mo