baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1064715-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to cellulosic pulps
IPC: D21C3/02
Filed: 1963-09-16
Abstract: In a process of producing pulp from cellulosic raw material (by treating it with a liquor having a high content of sulphide) the spent liquor, after separation from the pulp is recovered by non-combustive oxidation by contact with air, concentration, and burning to form a smelt containing sulphide and carbonate. The bulk of the carbonate is then separated from the sulphide.  This may be done by dissolving the smelt in water and then crystallizing the carbonate from the solution, or by leaching the smelt with a small quantity of liquor so that the sulphide dissolves and most of the carbonate remains undissolved.  The carbonate so separated may be added to the residual liquor, or dissolved in fresh water.  In either case the solution can be contacted with the flue gases to absorb SO2. Alternatively, the sodium carbonate may be injected as a dust with the secondary and tertiary combustion air to react with the SO2 in the furnace.  Losses of sulphur can be made good by adding sodium sulphate or sulphur to the concentrated black liquor just before firing.ALSO:Pulp is made from cellulosic raw material by introducing into an impregnation zone a digestion liquor having a CPPA sulphidity of substantially 100%, impregnating the material with the digestion liquor in that zone at a temperature below the cooking temperature, and digesting the impregnated material in the substantial absence of free liquor at a digestion temperature for sufficient time to delignify the material.  The raw material may be of wood chips, and may be presteamed.  The spent liquor, after separation from the pulp may be recovered by non-combustive oxidation by contact with air, concentrating and burning it to form a smelt containing sulphide and carbonate and then separating the bulk of the carbonate from the sulphide.  This may be done by dissolving this smelt in water and then crystallising the carbonate from the solution, or by leaching the smelt with a small quantity of liquor so that the sulphide dissolves and most of the carbonate remains undissolved.  The carbonate so separated may be added to the residual liquor, or dissolved in fresh water. In either case the solution can be contacted with the flue gases to absorb SO2.  Alternatively, the sodium carbonate may be injected as a dust with the secondary and teriary combustion air to react with the SO2 in the furnace.  Losses of sulphur can be made good by adding sodium sulphate or sulphur to the concentrated black liquor just before firing.
Patent GB-828057-A (GB)
Title: Visible index strip and visible index and record means embodying same
Filed: 1957-11-22
Abstract: 828,057. Indicators. ACME VISIBLE RECORDS Inc. Nov. 22, 1957 [Jan. 24, 1957], No. 36435/57. Class 118 (1). An index strip for an indicator board in which the strips are arranged in contiguous transverse relationship, comprises an extruded strip 13 with tongue and groove portions 26, 25 and a pair of grooves 18 to receive an index strip 20, as claimed in Specification 828,058. Specification 822,559 also is referred to.
Patent GB-811400-A (GB)
Title: Separation of vinyl ethers by distillation
IPC: C07C43/16
Filed: 1956-11-29
Abstract: A process for separating a vinyl alkyl ether or vinyl alkoxyalkyl ether containing 3 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl or alkoxyalkyl group from a mixture thereof with an aliphatic alkanol or alkoxy substituted alkanol comprises: (i) heating the mixture to form a vapour; (ii) contacting the vapour with an amount of water sufficient to form a constant boiling mixture with substantially all the vinyl ether and with an organic solvent having a higher boiling point than the constant boiling mixture which is capable of reducing the volatility of the alkanol and has the general formula HO(CH2CH2)xR1, where R1 is H or a C1 to C6 alkyl or alkoxyalkyl group and x is an integer not greater than 4; and (iii) fractionally distilling to separate the constant boiling mixture from the less volatile alkanol solvent mixture and recovering the vinyl ether from the constant boiling mixture.  The <PICT:0811400/III/1> solvent preferably boils at least 15 DEG  C. higher than the constant boiling mixture and not within 15 DEG  C. of the alkanol.  It is preferably introduced in amounts of 5 to 50 parts by volume per part of volume.  Preferably the solvent/water mixture is introduced countercurrently to the ether/alkanol mixture at 0.25 to 5 times the feed rate of the latter. The vinyl ether/alkanol mixture is fed into the middle of distillation column 11 and a mixture of water and the organic solvent is fed into the top of the column.  The water and ether form an azeotropic vapour which passes from the top of the column to condenser 12.  The condensate is collected in decanter 13 where it separates into a lower aqueous layer which is returned to the top of column 11 via line 15 and an upper ethereal layer which is transferred to column 14 via line 16.  Pure ether is removed from column 14 by line 19. The solvent/alkanol mixture which collects the bottom of column 11 is removed via line 21 to column 22, where it is separated into its components.  The solvent is returned to the top of column 11 via condenser 23 and line 26 if it is more volatile than the alkanol, or by line 25 if it is less volatile.  The use of an excess of water should preferably be avoided as it would be difficult to separate from the alkanol.  Examples are given which include the feed rates, water-solvent ratios, azeotrope compositions and distillation temperatures for the following mixtures: vinyl 2-butoxyethyl ether/2-butoxyethanol with ethylene glcyol as solvent; 2 - ethylhexyl vinyl ether/2 - ethylhexanol with ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, di-ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether as solvents.
Patent GB-1408133-A (GB)
Title: Fire retardant compositions
IPC: C08K13/02
Filed: 1971-08-04
Abstract: 1408133 Fire-resistant compositions J H FENNER & CO Ltd 6 Nov 1972 [4 Aug 1971] 36562/71 Heading C3P A fire-resistant composition for use in the production of textile-reinforced rubber or synthetic resin articles comprises (a) a phosphorus compound capable of producing phosphoric acid on thermal degradation, such as an ammonium phosphate, melamine phosphate, polyphosphoryl amide or ammonium polyphosphate, (b) a carbohydrate or a polyfunctional alcohol which produces large volumes of both non- flammable gas and carbon in the presence of phosphoric acid, such as pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol or starch and (c) an amide or amine which releases large quantities of gas under the influence of the phosphoric acid produced at elevated temperature such as urea, melamine, guanidine or dicyandiamide. Examples describe the use of compositions of the invention in compositions for the production of conveyer belts from PVC, phosphate and phthalate plasticizers and a cotton/nylon mixture and of V-belts from neoprene, carbon black, stearic acid, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, chlorinated paraffin and polyester cords.
Patent GB-1151346-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Starter Devices for Internal Combustion Engines provided with Injection Pumps
IPC: F02P19/02
Filed: 1966-08-16
Abstract: 1,151,346. Heating charge; fuel injection systems. ROBERT BOSCH G.m.b.H. Aug.16, 1966 [Aug.17, 1965], No.36572/66. Heading F1B. A burner device 5 for heating the intake pipe 26 at starting is fed with fuel from the delivery pump 28 of the injection pump 22. Movement of a starter switch 27 to position 2 energizes a solenoid 7 to open a valve 8 in the fuel supply pipe 6 of the burner 5 and closes the circuit of an electric heater in the burner 5. The switch 27 is then moved to position 3 to operate the starter motor whereupon the pump 28 immediately delivers fuel through pipe 6. A valve 25 in the delivery pipe 21 from the pump 28 to injector pump 23 remains closed until a predetermined delivery pressure is built up by pump 28, whereby the initial delivery of pump 28 flows through the pipe 6. A rubber bulb 40 in the burner supply pipe 4 evens out pulsations.
Patent GB-360709-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hard metal compositions
IPC: C22C1/05
Filed: 1930-12-04
Abstract: In a method of making a hard alloy of the kind comprising tungsten or like carbide and cobalt or other iron-group metal, wherein the mixture of powdered carbide and powdered metal is pressed and sintered, the cooled sintered mass is subjected to simultaneous pressure and heat at a sintering temperature while confined on all sides.  For example, a pressed and sintered mass consisting of 80-97 per cent of tungsten carbide and 20-3 per cent of cobalt may be heated to about 1375 DEG  C. under a pressure of about 1000 lb. per square inch in a carbon mould.  Specifications 213,524 and 288,521, [both in Class 82 (i), Metals, Extracting &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-839410-A (GB)
Title: Maleimide polymers and their preparation
IPC: C08F222/40
Filed: 1957-11-26
Abstract: Thermoplastic resins are obtained by reacting N,N1-bis-maleimides with either (i) a cyclopentadienone, or (ii) an a -pyrone.  The preferred bis-maleimides are of the formula <FORM:0839410/IV (a)/1> where R1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical.  The preferred cyclopentadienones are of the formula <FORM:0839410/IV (a)/2> and the preferred a -pyrones are of the formula <FORM:0839410/IV (a)/3> where each R2 is H or alkyl and R3 is H, alkyl or carbalkoxy.  The reagents are preferably used in equimolecular proportions and are heated at temperatures of over 150 DEG  C. in the presence of an inert solvent. The preferred inert solvents are halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, of which bromobenzene, a -chloronaphthalene, and chloro- or bromo-toluene may be used at atmospheric pressures, and chlorobenzene at superatmospheric pressures.  The polymer is precipitated out of solution by adding methanol.  In the reaction with (i) CO comes off and in the reaction with (ii) CO2 comes off, and it is deduced that the mechanism of the polymerization is a poly-Diels-Alder reaction. The polymers are soluble in dimethyl formamide and chlorinated hydrocarbons including those mentioned above as well as chloroform and bromo-naphthalene.  A wide variety of combinations of reactions of the preferred starting materials depicted above are described in the examples.  Uses.-Sheets.  Films.  Electrical, e.g. motors, insulating tapes and electronic tubes.  Varnishes for insulating or high temperature applications.
Patent GB-1435207-A (GB)
Title: Motor vehicle including spare wheel holder
IPC: B62D43/04
Filed: 1973-08-02
Abstract: 1435207 Spare wheel carriers DAIMLER-BENZ AG 2 Aug 1973 [8 Aug 1972] 36818/73 Heading B7J A spare wheel holder for a motor vehicle comprises an elongated spare wheel carrier 20 engaged centrally by the rope 13 of a winch 6 for lifting the spare wheel, the spare wheel carrier 20 having in its longitudinally central zone fixing connections for the spare wheel 22 such as bores to receive bolts at 23, and in the region of its ends arrangements for attachment of the carrier 20 to the underside of the vehicle, such as bores to receive bolts at 27, to retain the lifted spare wheel in a horizontal position beneath the vehicle. The carrier 20 has an inverted U-shaped cross-section with outwardlydirected flanges 21 to receive the bolts passing through the rim of the spare wheel at 23, and its central web 26 is bolted at 27 to brackets 24 carried by longitudinal members 1 of the vehicle underframe. The rope winch 6 is operable by a crank handle 17 via a worm transmission and is carried by a profile member 7 which is mounted on a vehicle cross member 3. The member 7 also carries a vertically adjustable support foot 28 adapted to abut against the side of the tyre of the wheel 22 so as to prevent vibration of the wheel 22.
Patent GB-1138218-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to stands
IPC: A47G33/12
Filed: 1966-08-17
Abstract: 1,138,218. Foldable stands. J. V. B. HUTTON. 17 Aug., 1967 [17 Aug., 1966], No. 36865/66. Heading A4H. [Also in Division A6] A stand for a Christmas tree is made by folding a centrally apertured metal sheet or cardboard 1 along the dotted lines 3 and the chain dotted lines 4 so that the panels 5 form a tube of square cross-section and the triangular panels 6 lie against each other in pairs and form wings extending outwardly from the corners of the tube. A plan view of the stand is shown in Fig. 3. The sheet may be severed along the chain dotted lines 4 and the parts held together by paper pasted around the outside of the stand. A retaining ring is formed by a centrally apertured blank (7) having radial slots and is adapted to be positioned around the stand. The stand may be folded flat.
Patent GB-1320804-A (GB)
Title: One-piece pallets
IPC: B65G/
Filed: 1971-08-05
Abstract: 1320804 Load handling pallets FORMWOOD Ltd 5 Aug 1971 [4 Sept 1970] 36878/71 Heading B8H A one-piece moulded pallet comprises a bearing surface 1, 9 having dowwnardly projecting hollow feet 2, 3, 4, 5 arranged in rows which open into the said bearing surface slots 7 which are co-extensive with the openings in the bearing surface being also formed in the bearing surface above, and being slightly wider than skids 6 which join and are coplanar with the bottoms of adjacent feet as shown, the said feet being open at the side or sides to which the skids 6 are connected such that the pallets may be stacked by the insertion of the feet and skids of one pallet into the corresponding openings in the pallet therebelow. Reinforcing ribs (21, 23), Fig. 2 (not shown) are formed in the bearing surface and similar ribs (22) are formed in the skids 6. In a further embodiment, Fig. 5 (not shown), longitudinally extending strips (31), (32), (33) are formed on the outer edge of the bearing surface and are broken away at a notch-formed part (34), (34<SP>1</SP>) [and used as cover strips (31<SP>1</SP>), (32<SP>1</SP>), (33<SP>1</SP>) over the pallet feet (4), (5).
Patent GB-763427-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric timepieces
IPC: G04C3/06
Filed: 1954-12-21
Abstract: 763,427. Reciprocating electric motors. BRANDT & FRERE SOC. ANON., O. L. Dec. 21, 1954 [Jan. 16, 1954], No. 36887/54. Class 35. [Also in Group XVIII] In an electric timepiece the maintaining circuit of balance 1, Fig. 1, includes an electronic switch, e.g. a transistor 15 connected as shown in Fig. 2 to two coils 12, 13 which co-operate respectively with an armature 9 on the balance 1 and an armature 11 on the disc 10 mounted on the balance staff. The armatures 9, 11 may be magnets or of ferromagnetic material. The gear train to the hands may be driven by a pawl moving with the balance staff or the alternating voltage or pulses delivered by the coil 13 may feed an electric motor which drives said gear train.
Patent GB-1323839-A (GB)
Title: Fluid-pressure operated clutch
IPC: F16D25/08
Filed: 1971-08-05
Abstract: 1323839 Clutch control; friction clutches FORMSPRAG CO 5 Aug 1971 [22 Oct 1970] 36891/71 Headings F2C and F2L In a multiplate friction clutch wherein interengaging clutch plates 42, 43 respectively splined to a driving sleeve 11 and a driven cup 45 are clamped between a back plate 39 and a presser plate 36 by supplying pressure liquid to a non-rotatable servo cylinder 16 having a clutch engaging piston 22 formed with axially extending portions 25, 26, a needle roller bearing 32 interposed between the piston 22 and the presser plate 36 is lubricated by liquid from the cylinder 16 which flows through a small duct 34 in the piston 22. Spring washers separate the clutch plates 42, 43 during disengagement. The piston 22 carries a pin 29 which projects into a liquid supply duct 19 to prevent rotation of the piston 22 relative to the cylinder 16.
Patent GB-361644-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to reinforced concrete beams, columns, trusses and other structures
IPC: E04C5/16
Filed: 1930-12-08
Abstract: 361,644. Reinforced concrete. CARSON, N. B., 140, West George Street, Glasgow. Dec. 8, 1930, No. 36902. [Class 20 (iv).] In reinforced concrete beams, columns, trusses, and other structures of the type in which bars 7 and stirrups are made into units by welding and then assembled about an iron core 6, the core is provided with apertured flanges and the preformed units are secured by inserting the free ends of the stirrups 9 in the apertures and then bending them over. The units comprise main shear stirrups 8 and fixing stirrups 9 ; other stirrups 10 may be added. Fig. 2 shows a modification in which the fixing stirrups 9 are omitted. The preformed units may be secured to the lower flange only. Fig. 3 shows a column reinforcement.
Patent GB-1317686-A (GB)
Title: Information-carrying disc
IPC: G07C3/12
Filed: 1971-08-06
Abstract: 1317686 Data carrying disc KIENZLE APPARATE GmbH 6 Aug 1971 [22 Aug 1970] 36996/71 Heading G4M A data carrying disc has a front face waxed to receive data and a reverse face provided with information carrying areas in the form of annuli of differing radii. The disc has an eccentrically shaped centering aperture, and an area 3 receiving data such as machine number or data identifying a workman, a time scale near the disc periphery, a track 4 indicating the number of pieces produced, a track 5 indicating the running time of the machine, and tracks 6, 7, 8 indicating different interruptions. The reverse face has circular lines associated with data such as an order or personal number recorded on the front face. The data on the reverse face may be applied by a stamp centred by the aperture 2 or may be magnetic.
Patent GB-340731-A (GB)
Title: Haulage clip
IPC: B61B12/12
Filed: 1929-12-04
Abstract: 340,731. Rope grips. BULLOCK, R. C., Holwell, Fieldgate Lane, Kenilworth, Warwickshire. Dec. 4, 1929, Nos. 37087 and 38074. [Class 78 (ii).] In haulage clips of the kind described in Specification 270,107, [Class 78 (ii), Lifting &c.], the plate a, to which the lever c is pivoted at c<1>, is provided near the pivot with a stop d adapted to form an abutment for a pin e passed transversely through the forked end of the lever, the arrangement being such that when the clip is opened and held by the lever, the pin engages the projection and holds the clip in a position in which the axis of the hinge a2 is substantially horizontal. A catch f pivoted on the pin e engages the stop d, Fig. 2, when the clip is closed and retains the jaws in operative position. Adjustment for wear is effected either by a screw h, Fig. 3, and a renewable wearing plate i on the lever c, or by making the lever wholly or partly of spring steel and tightening the pivot bolt. Spiral springs may be placed between the head and nut of the pivot bolt and the lever.
Patent GB-1076748-A (GB)
Title: Prefabricated elements for building walls
IPC: E04C1/40
Filed: 1964-09-11
Abstract: 1,076,748. Building Mocks. V. DUILIO. Sept. 11, 1964 [Sept. 12, 1963], No. 37355/64. Heading E1B. A rectangular building block comprises a  scagliola, plaster, cement or like coating 2 surrounding a hollow tile or brick 1, the opposed longitudinal edges of the block being shaped as shown to provide a tongue and groove interlock leaving external grooves 5, 5a for plastering and an internal closed channel 6. The channel 6 may receive reinforcing rods or service pipes or cables. The core 1 may be of vermiculite or perlite. The opposed transverse edges of the block may also be formed to leave plastering grooves.
Patent GB-1395944-A (GB)
Title: Adaptive equalizer
IPC: H04B3/06
Filed: 1972-08-11
Abstract: 1395944 Adaptive equalizers INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 11 Aug 1972 [20 Aug 1971] 37526/72 Heading H4R An adaptive transversal equalizer, Fig. 1, has its attenuation coefficients C adjusted in response to an error signal e(t) derived from the equalizer output y(t). The equalizer output is sampled by a sampler S1 under the control of a clock generator Q whose frequency is adjusted in accordance with information associated with a given tap of the equalizer filter. As described, errors in sampling frequency cause the main sample to move from the reference tap position. shown at the centre of delay line L, and so the equalizer attenuation coefficient connected to the reference tap will reduce. The attenuation coefficeint is compared in a comparator P2 with a threshold level and the change in output will cause a latch T2 to change state causing a divider D to switch from one division ratio to a second division ratio. Divider D is connected to a high frequency oscillator Q to provide at the divider output the sampling clock frequency. The divider ratios are such that one of them gives an output signal slightly higher than nominal while the other gives an output slightly lower than nominal clock frequency. Latch T2 causes continual switching from one division ratio to the other so that the main peak of the response is located on the centre tap position, and the average sampling frequency is equal to the incoming signal clock frequency. In an alternative arrangement, Fig. 2 (not shown), the divider switching signal is derived from a correlator (CL) correlating the output signal of the equalizer with the signal at the centre, or reference tap of the equalizer, with the correlator output, after integration (at I) fed to a threshold device and latch &c. as in the embodiment of Fig. 1. (For Figure see next page.)
Patent GB-1197942-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of the Antibiotic Pleuromutilin
Inventor: BRANDL ERNST
Filed: 1967-08-15
Abstract: 1,197,942. Pleuromutilin; animal feeds. BIOCHEMIE KUNDL G.m.b.H. 15 Aug., 1967, No. 37529/67. Addition to 1,111,010. Heading C2A. Pleuromutilin is produced by cultivating a strain of Clitopilus passeckerianus (Pil) sing. NRRL 3279 or NRRL 3100 in an aqueous nutrient medium containing assimilable sources of carbon and nitrogen and extracting pleurornutilin from the mycelium separated from the culture broth. The mycelium is extracted with aqueous acetone containing 9% water, the acetone evaporated, the aqueous phase extracted with ethyl acetate and solid antibiotic recovered therefrom. Further purification is obtained by treatment with ether and petroleum ether. Pleuromutilin is a growth stimulant and may be added to animal feeds to form a feed supplement or a ready-mixed feed. For this purpose, the dried mycelium may be used.
Patent GB-855986-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to television camera tubes
Inventor: TURK WALTER ERNEST
IPC: H01J29/02
Filed: 1958-11-21
Abstract: 855,986. Television pick-up tubes. ENGLISH ELECTRIC VALVE CO. Ltd. Sept. 21, 1959 [Nov. 21, 1958], No. 37622/58. Class 39(1). A television camera tube storage target structure comprises a circular membrane of glass 3 fixed to a support ring 4, a circular grid 1 fixed to a support ring 2, a circular spacing shim 15 with a central rectangular aperture, a tensioning member 7 having four mutually perpendicular substantially T-shaped spring members integrally formed with and inside a ring with the stems of the T-shaped members bent out of the plane of the ring towards the membrane 3 and with the cross pieces of the T-shaped members lying substantially parallel to and outwardly of the sides of the shim aperture ; and an outermost clamping ring 6 which holds the structure together.
Patent GB-1489865-A (GB)
Title: Polyhydroxy methylene ethers
IPC: C08G61/04
Filed: 1976-09-10
Abstract: 1489865 Ethers of polyhydroxy methylene HOECHST AG 10 Sept 1976 [12 Sept 1975] 37627/76 Heading C3P Ethers of polyhydroxy methylene are prepared by treating the polymer with an etherifying agent in an aqueous medium. The pendant ether groups preferably contain at least one ionic or ionizable group, e.g. a carboxyl, sulpho, phospho, quaternary ammonium or substituted ammonium group which makes the product suitable for use as an ion exchange resin. In the examples polyhydroxy methylene is etherified with 3 - chloro - 2 - hydroxypropyl - trimethyl ammonium hydrochloride; glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; 2-chloroethane-sulphonic acid; 2-chloroethyl diethylamine; chloroacetic acid; dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid.