baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-778748-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in process for dehalogenation of organic compounds
IPC: C07C17/23
Filed: 1955-10-07
Abstract: A halogen containing aliphatic organic compound containing at least one halogen atom on each of two adjacent single bonded carbon atoms, at least one of said halogen atoms being a halogen other than fluorine, is dehalogenated to form a halogenated olefine, by reaction with a metal dehalogenating agent, e.g. tin, magnesium, iron, zinc, and aluminium, in the presence of water containing a detergent which does not react with the halide of the metal dehalogenating agent to form a water-insoluble compound. The reaction may be effected between 0 DEG  and 100 DEG  C.  As starting materials there may be used 1,1,2-trifluoro-1,2-dichloroethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, 1,1-difluoro-1,2 - dichloroethane, 1,1,2 - trifluorotrichloro - ethane, 1,1,1 - trifluoro - 2,2 - dichloroethane.  The detergent is utilized in aqueous solution of 0.01-10 per cent concentration by weight.  As detergents there may be employed polyglycol ether stearate, dimethyl octyne diol, pentaerythritol monostearate, pentaerythritol monolaurate, diethylene glycol mono-oleate, 2 - amino - 2 - ethyl - 1,3 - propanediol monostearate, mono-, di-, and triethanolamine oleate, sorbitol monoether of 2-hydroxy-5-hexyl-benzyl alcohol, t - octyl - b  - hydroxyethyl - sulphone, ethylene oxide etherified products of the lauric, palmitic, oleic and stearic acids of anhydrosorbitols, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan trioleate, diethylene glycol monolaurate, the ninols, an ester of phosphoric acid in which one of the hydrogen atoms is esterified with polyethylene glycol and the other two hydrogens are esterified with a hydrophobic alcohol of medium chain length, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl pyridinium bromide, stearamidoethylene pyridinium chloride, ethylenelaurate pyridinium bromide, cetyl methyl piperidinium, cetyl dimethyl-o-chlorobenzyl ammonium bromide, stearyl diethyl cyclohexyl ammonium chloride, N - oleoyl - 2,2 - N1 - diethyl ethylene diamine hydrochloride, N - octadecyloxy - methylene pyridinium chloride, N - stearoyloxymethylene pyridinium chloride, sodium isopropylnaphthalene sulphonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, sodium ricinoleyl sulphate, sodium dihexyl sulphosuccinate, sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, sodium dibutyl sulphosuccinate, sodium keryl benzene sulphonate, b -oleylamido ethane sodium sulphonate, the monolauryl ether of 1,2-dihydroxy-propane-3-sodium sulphonate, bis - (N - methyl - N - 2 - ethylhexyl) malamide sodium sulphate, b -oleyl N-methylamido ethane sodium sulphonate and b -oleyl ethane sodium sulphonate.  Examples disclose the production of trifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, vinylidenefluoride, trifluorochloroethylene, and 1,1-difluoro-2-chloroethylene.
Patent GB-977475-A (GB)
Title: A process for producing a lower alkyl ester of terephthalic acid
IPC: C07C69/82
Filed: 1961-08-08
Abstract: Lower alkyl esters of terephthalic acid are prepared by treating an alkali metal salt of terephthalic acid with an inorganic acid in the presence of a substantially anhydrous aliphatic alcohol having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, to effect conversion of the alkali metal salt into free terephthalic acid and the subsequent esterification in a single operation. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture is filtered and the filtrate re-used, optionally after purification by distillation. The filtration residue, which includes the lower alkyl ester and the alkali metal salt of terephthalic acid, may be extracted with a suitable solvent, e.g. chloroform, nitromethane, acetone or methanol or mixtures thereof, to separate the lower alkyl ester as the extracted mass and the alkali metal salt as the extraction residue. Alternatively the filtration residue may be treated with a small amount of hot water at a temperature up to 40 DEG C., whereby the lower alkyl ester of terephthalic acid is recovered as undissolved material and the alkali metal salt of the used acid as the concentrated aqueous solution. The alkali metal salt of terephthalic acid is advantageously disodium or dipotassium terephthalate or a mixture of both. Such starting material may contain impurities including cadmium oxide, lead oxide, zinc oxide, inorganic salts and carbonaceous compounds. Preferably the inorganic acid used in the process is HCl or H2SO4 or a mixture of both, and may be used in an amount of 1 to 4 parts by weight per part by weight of the acid salt. The alcohol is preferably used in an amount of 2 to 9 parts by weight per part by weight of the acid salt. The reaction temperature is approximately the boiling point of the lower aliphatic alcohols and pressures may range from normal atmospheric to 3 atmospheres.
Patent GB-897131-A (GB)
Title: Evaporative heat exchanger
IPC: F24F1/0071
Filed: 1958-09-08
Abstract: 897,131. Air-cooled heat exchangers. STEWART-WARNER CORPORATION. Sept. 8, 1958 [Sept. 13, 1957], No. 28791/58. Class 64(3) In a heat exchanger in which passages 20 for a hot fluid are separated by intervening passages 21 for coolant air, wick or other absorbent material 28 preferably glass fibre is disposed in each coolant air passage 21 out of contact with at least one of the walls defining that passage to permit the flow of coolant air and coolant liquid is supplied to the absorbent material for evaporation by the coolant air. The absorbent material 28 is preferably held in place by open-mesh screening 29 and a layer of the material may be disposed in contact with each of the coolant air passage walls 32 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 or the material may be disposed centrally in the coolant air passage 21 as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The coolant liquid may be supplied to the absorbent material through perforated tubes 30 or the absorbent material may be extended beyond the coolant air passage to a coolant liquid reservoir.
Patent GB-1276222-A (GB)
Title: Solid state electroluminescent moving display device
IPC: H05B33/12
Filed: 1970-06-15
Abstract: 1276222 Aircraft indicators BENDIX CORP 15 June 1970 [26 June 1969] 28816/70 Heading B7W [Also in Division C4]  A moving symbol display device comprises a panel including a layer having a plurality of electrodes 15, 15A, 15B separated by SnCl 2 , Au or nickel chromium alloy 18, a layer 8 of electroluminescent material and a single common electrode layer 3; means for applying A.C. voltages of different amplitudes to the electrodes to form a symbol in the layer 8 and means for changing the amplitudes sequentially to cause the symbol to move. To indicate the difference in rotational speed of two aircraft propellers the output of a differential synchro transmitter whose rotors are driven by the propellers is applied to the electrodes 15, 15A, 15B. The output comprises three A.C. signals with 120 degree phase difference which produces a light band moving on the panel at a speed proportional to the speed difference. The layers may be annular bands with the electrodes radially disposed, the light then moves round the band. To provide a two dimensional display showing aircraft pitch and yaw, three additional electrodes are arranged perpendicular to electrodes 15, 15A, 15B. Each set of electrodes is connected to an A.C. synchro having its output controlled by a pitch or yaw senser.
Patent GB-1359511-A (GB)
Title: Control circuit arrangement for an actuator
IPC: H02H9/02
Filed: 1971-06-18
Abstract: 1359511 Supporting magnetic heads INFORMATION STORAGE SYSTEMS Inc 18 June 1971 [29 June 1970] 28823/71 Heading G5R [Also in Division H3] When the supply to a solenoid fails, it moves to a "rest" position using power stored in a resonant circuit, which, under normal conditions, limits the voltage to the solenoid. In an embodiment, Fig. 1, magnetic storage discs 11 are driven from the A.C. input by motor 25, and solenoid 16, driving the recording heads 14, is energized from the supply through a saturable transformer 24, rectifier 22, and controller 21. Under normal conditions, ferroresonant circuit 26, comprising capacitor C2 and transformer secondary winding W3, resonates at the supply frequency, saturating the transformer 24, which provides a clipped voltage waveform 27, Fig. 2, to the rectifier. Capacitor C3 discharges via transistor T1 or T2, which is turned on when voltage 27 exceeds threshold values 32, 34, and charges whilst the voltage 27 falls between threshold values 32, 34. When the supply fails, i.e. at 29, the resonant circuit, which may be helped by the charge on capacitor C1 and the back E.M.F. of motor 25, tries to maintain the voltage to the solenoid control. As the voltage 27, Fig. 2, decays, and remains between threshold values 32, 34 for increasingly longer periods, capacitor C3 charges to a value below reference 38, thus detecting the supply failure, turning transistors T3, T4 on, to cause the solenoid, via the controller, to move to its "rest" position.
Patent GB-407640-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to priming devices for pumps
IPC: F04D9/04
Filed: 1933-10-18
Abstract: 407,640. Centrifugal pumps. TAMINI, M., 2, Via Guastalla, Milan, Italy. Oct. 18, 1933, No. 28863. Convention date, June 7. Addition to 405,121. [CLass 110 (i).] In a priming apparatus according to the parent Specification, the pump D is bye-passed by the conduit L when the pressure in a pipe R leading from the delivery side of the main pump is sufficient to open a spring pressed valve Q. Actuation of a three-way cock S enables the pump D to be kept in operation after the main pump has been primed.
Patent GB-1028496-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gas lasers
IPC: H01S3/034
Filed: 1963-07-22
Abstract: 1,028,496. Optical masers. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. July 22, 1963 [July 25, 1962], No. 28919/63. Heading H3B. A gas laser is formed in a block of insulating material 1 having a channel 8 which is closed at each end by reflectors 4, 5 to form a vacuumtight seal. As shown, a quartz block 1 has a central bore 8 and symmetrically arranged bores to which are connected nozzles 9 and 10 containing molybdenum electrodes 11, 12 which are used to produce a D.C. discharge in a 95% helium, 6% neon, mixture at a pressure of 3 mm. of mercury. Two confocal spherical reflectors 4, 5 ground to fit are wrung on to the ends and cemented at 6, 7. The reflective surfaces have dielectric coatings 14. A lens to converge the laser output may be combined with one of the mirrors, and alternatively flat reflectors or prisms may be used instead of concave mirrors. It is stated that the device may be 10 cm. long and provides a structure less sensitive to thermal and mechanical disturbances. Several channels may be formed in the same insulating block and the inner surfaces of the bores may be frosted.
Patent GB-1126263-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to plug cock valves
Inventor: PERCIVAL HAMO
IPC: F16K5/04
Filed: 1966-06-28
Abstract: 1,126,263. Valves. RICHARD THRELFALL Ltd. 9 May, 1967 [28 June, 1966], No. 28932/66. Heading F2V. A rotary cylindrical plug cock has 0-rings 18, 20 fitted around the inner ends of tubular spigots 6, 8, the arrangement being such that, in the closed position, the upstream seal ring allows leakage into the plug chamber but the downstream ring is urged into sealing contact with the plug and the downstream spigot. To prevent damage to the downstream ring as the valve is opened, the plug has a bleed passage 16 which allows some equalization of the pressures in the plug chamber and the downstream conduit before the main plug bore is aligned with the spigots. To permit flow and rotation of the plug in any direction, the plug can have two or four passages such as 16 symmetrically arranged. The passages should have an area of the order of 2% of the plug bore. The 0-rings can be reinforced by nylon garter springs.
Patent GB-828112-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to boats
IPC: B63B3/00
Filed: 1957-09-13
Abstract: 828,112. Boats. SOC. PER AZIONI FABBRICA MOTOCICLI E VELOCIPEDI EDOARDO BIANSKI. Sept. 13, 1957 [Sept. 18, 1956; Aug. 3, 1957], No. 28945/57. Classes 113 and 114. A boat which comprises a pair of spaced parallel watertight hulls 1, 2 connected by a bottom 6, that is above the water under normal loading, and which has upwardly extending sides is formed by securing together a lower boat section comprising the hulls 1, 2, the outer side walls 3, 4 and the lower bottom wall 6a and an upper boat section comprising the inner side walls 3a, 4a and the upper bottom wall 6b. The totally enclosed spaces between the sections may be sub-divided and filled with a buoyant material. Bow and stern sections 5 and 7 are formed integral with the lower wall 6a and the bow section may extend rearwardly to provide a fore-deck 9 and a rowing bench 14 having hinged rowlocks 19 provides a closure for the opening 11 in the fore peak 10 ; a sleeve 12 in the fore peak permits stepping a mast. An outboard engine may be accommodated in a central stern extension 51 or on the end of one or both hulls. A flanged sleeve 55 secured to the extension 53 of the bottom wall 6a rotatably supports the base flange 54a of the engine 54 and a cylindrical extension 59 of the engine base contains the transmission shaft 60, the cooling water intake duct 61 and discharge duct 62. The propelling unit 64 hinged at 63 to the engine unit may be swung up to a horizontal position by the stay wire 69 on releasing the tie-rod 71. Transmission shafts 60, 65 are connected by a shock damping clutch ; water intake or discharge ducts 61, 61a, 62, 66 are also aligned. The unit 64 may be swivelled by a tiller 72 extending through an opening in the cover 52 which accommodates the fuel tank 52a, or through a mechanical linkage to a steering wheel. An interior engine may be fitted in the fore peak 10 and oars in sections may provide a mast and rudder.
Patent GB-351352-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to typographical line casting machines
IPC: B41B11/52
Filed: 1930-09-27
Abstract: 351,352. Type-bar-making machines. HART, H., 9, Kingsway, London.-(Mergenthaler Linotype Co.; 29, Ryerson Street, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.) Sept. 27, 1930, No. 28978. [Classes 100 (ii) and 100 (iii).] Moulds type-bars.-Relates to means for casting thick type-bars adapted for spacing or leading purposes, the thickness of which is such that, if they were cast in a mould of ordinary form, the mould cavity would overlap the upper characters of matrices of which the lower characters are in casting position. The cap of the mould has a relatively fixed rear section 1, Fig. 2, to form the thick part of the slug, and a retractable front section 2, which restricts the width of the mould cavity at the front, so that the type-bar will be of ordinary thickness along its character edge, but of greater thickness towards its foot. The thicker portion of the type-bar may be solid, or may be constituted by spaced ribs Y<3>, Fig. 7, so as to form a recessed or skeleton slug. For the production of a recessed slug, the rear cap-section 1 is formed with grooves 4, Fig. 3, separated by cores 5. If solid slugs are to be produced, the cores 5 are omitted. The front cap-section 2 is mounted to slide vertically on the rear section, and is lifted, :in order to open the mould for ejection of the slug, by bars 10 connected by a cross-bar 11, which carries a roller 16 engaged by a stationary grooved cam on the axis of the mould wheel. The casting face of the front capsection may be plain, or may have inclined grooves at the rear, to form continuations Y4, Fig. 7, of the ribs Y3. Trimming type-bars.-The left-hand trimming knife J<1>, Fig. 6, is set back from the right-hand knife J, so that no trimming of the slug occurs until the spacing ribs reach the right-hand knife, in order to avoid tilting or rocking of the slug. The part J<2> forward of the left-hand knife acts merely as a guide.
Patent GB-504560-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in superheterodyne radio receivers
IPC: H03D7/10
Filed: 1937-10-23
Abstract: 504,560. Superheterodyne circuits for wireless reception. COLE, Ltd., E. K., and BROOKE, H. A. Oct. 23, 1937, No. 28981. [Claseee 39 (i) and 40 (v)] In a mixing circuit of the triode-hexode type employing combined or separate tubes, interaction between the signal input and localoscillation circuit is prevented by providing separate cathodes K1 K2 and an additional screening grid Ga in the hexode portion between the signal-control grid G1 and the first screengrid G2. The additional grid may be connected in common with the screen-grid G2 to high positive potential in which case decoupling chokes or resistances L are provided, or may be at a lower or zero potential.
Patent GB-934299-A (GB)
Title: An electric semi-conductor arrangement
IPC: H03K17/90
Filed: 1961-08-10
Abstract: 934,299. Magnetic tests. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE A.G. Aug. 10, 1961 [Aug. 10, 1960], No. 28984/61. Class 37. [Also in Groups XXXVII and XL (c)] A tunnel diode is connected in circuit with a semi-conductor device sensitive to magnetic field so that a more rapid change of output is produced with changes in the field. Fig. 2a shows the parallel combination of a magnetic field sensitive device 21, a tunnel diode 23 and a load 22 all in series with a a resistor 24 and a D.C. source 25. A change in magnetic field changes the resistance of 21 or the voltage thereacross and switches the tunnel diode from one voltage state to another, changing the voltage across the load and thus operating a relay. The device 21 may alternatively be connected in series with the load and tunnel diode (Fig. 3a, not shown), and the load may be the base-emitter circuit of a transistor (Fig. 2e and 3d, not shown). It is also suggested that the series and parallel arrangements may be combined by connecting two magnetic field sensitive resistors in series with a tunnel diode connected across one so that it is also in series with the other. The resistor 21 may be a field sensitive resistor or a Hall-effect device (Fig. 6, not shown). A further series tunnel diode circuit may be added in which case a 3-state output characteristic may be obtained (Figs. 4a and 4b, not shown) and each tunnel diode is shunted by a resistor which itself may be such as to vary with the magnetic field. Fig. 7 shows a logic circuit comprising a number of magnetic field sensitive resistors 72 and tunnel diodes 74 with input windings 71 for varying the magnetic field. The upper resistor 72 is premagnetized by connection to a resistor 76 or by a permanent magnet so that the first circuit will perform a "OR'' function. The other circuits may perform a "AND" function. Bi-stable operation may be obtained by feeding back the output to the input or by suitably choosing the value of the resistor and if necessary by providing a field which biases the circuit to the mid-point of its hysteresis loop. Fig. 5 shows a lift control circuit in which when the magnet 57 attached to the left reaches the first circuit 51a, 53a, 52a of the type described with reference to Fig. 2a, the voltage change in load 52a causes the lift to be slowed down and when it reaches the field sensitive resistor 51b it causes the voltage in the load 52b to stop the lift. Applying a magnetic field to 51a and 51b by closing switches 59a and 59b will, however, render both circuits inopertive and prevent braking or stopping of the lift. Specification 797,506 is referred to.
Patent GB-510649-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to pencils
IPC: B43K19/14
Filed: 1938-10-06
Abstract: 510,649. Pencils. JEFFREYS, H. W. J. Oct. 6, 1938, No. 28988. [Class 146 (iii)] A writing, medical, cosmetic, or other pencil is formed of a number of similar members 1, of durable material such as synthetic resin, adapted to be screwed or otherwise joined together in axial alignment to form a pencil body with an axial passage for the lead or core. Preferably, the annular members are formed as hollow cones which when nested together form a pointed body. When the lead &c, is worn, the front member is removed and replaced at the outer end. The end of the lead &c. is provided with a rubber or like resilient ring 3 adapted to be gripped between two adjacent members to hold the lead against retraction ; the upper of these two annular members may be shortened to accommodate the ring, and its outer surface distinctively marked. According to the Provisional Specification, one of the annular members is provided with a solid end to retain the lead.
Patent GB-1423690-A (GB)
Title: Cooling device for lumpy furnace or kiln material
IPC: F27B7/38
Filed: 1973-06-19
Abstract: 1423690 Cooling bulk material KLOCKNERHUMBOLDT-DEUTZ AG 19 June 1973 [19 June 1972] 29071/73 Heading F4B A shaft cooler for bumpy material discharged from a furnace, e.g. a rotary furnace comprises a chamber 1 with a number of material charging shoots 4 projecting into the chamber, a reciprocating discharger 9 and a cooling air distributor 6 in the form of inverted open channels connected to a fan 11 by a line 7 said channels being arranged around the chamber periphery and in cruciform fashion across it. Most of the heated air escapes by an offtake 3 a minor portion descending cocurrently with the material to collect in a hood 10 where it mixes with incoming air before passing to the fan 11. A frustoconical deflector 12 mounted below the mouth 5 of the shoot 4 is also supplied with air from fan 11. In a modification (Figs. 3 and 4) material from a rotary furnace (18) is collected in a holding chamber (19) from which three slot-like shoots (20) extend into the cooling chamber which has four dischargers (24). An offtake (25) feeds heated cooling air into the furnace as secondary combustion air. Another modification (Figs. 5 and 6) has a considerable number of circular section shoots (28) extending from the holding chamber (19).
Patent GB-280530-A (GB)
IPC: C22B26/22
Filed: 1927-11-01
Abstract: 280,530. I. G. Farbenindnstrie Akt.- Ges. Nov. 13, 1926, [Convention date]. Addition to 182,948 and 219,287. Alloys.-A modification of the process described in the parent Specifications for purifying magnesium and magnesium alloys, which may contain aluminium, zinc, &c., consists in causing the finished product to contain up to 0.1 per cent of calcium and up to 0.4 per cent of manganese. Metallic calcium and manganese chloride or other manganese compound may be added to the salt melts during the process, or a calcium-manganese or other manganese alloy or metallic manganese may be used.
Patent GB-1508265-A (GB)
Title: Axial piston machines
IPC: F04B1/32
Filed: 1976-07-14
Abstract: 1508265 Reciprocating pumps LINDE AG 14 July 1976 [15 July 1975] 29231/76 Heading F1A An axial piston machine for uni-directional or reversible delivery flow comprises a rotary cylinder block 1 with pistons 3 engaging a tiltable swashplate 5 having a part-cylindrical bearing surface 17  supported on a complementary housing surface by hydrostatic thrust pads formed by recesses 24, 25 and grooves 26, 27 connected to the inlet/outlet ports 13, 14 or the outlet port of a uni-directional embodiment, by passages 28, 29 and 33 formed through supporting tubes 32, 44. Spring washers 34 may act via tubes 32, 44 to bias the swash-plate on to its housing, the tubes being slidably supported in housing 12 and jointed at 35. A filter 40 is provided in the flow-path. The swash-plate may be tilted by a vane motor formed by vanes (18), Fig. 3 (not shown), attached to the swash-plate. In Fig. 4 (not shown), an alternative tube construction has a modified ball joint and housing mounting. In Fig. 5 (not shown), biasing of the swash-plate is effected by a part-circular member (61) with one end directly engaging a tilting motor vane (18) on one side of the swash-plate and its other end engaging another vane via an adjustably spring- loaded plunger (64). In Fig. 6 (not shown) biasing of the swash-plate is effected by a roller (69) supported by a shaft in the housing section 11 and engaging the swash-plate via a spring (70).