Patent GB-1259048-A (GB)
IPC: C08G18/28
Filed: 1970-03-26
Abstract: 1,259,048. Finishing textile materials. FARBENFABRIKEN BAYER A.G. 26 March, 1970 [29 March, 1969], No. 14825/70. Heading DIP. Textile materials made of wool or fibres containing wool are finished by treating with an aqueous liquor containing self-dispersible isocyanate polyaddition products which contain 'onium salt groups and are substantially free from isocyanate groups, and drying the materials. The isocyanate polyaddition products are reaction products of (A) compounds of molecular weight 300-10,000 which contain at least two hydroxyl or carboxyl groups or at least one hydroxyl and one carboxyl group; (B) polyisocyanates; (C) compounds which contain (i) at least one group which is capable of 'onium salt formation and (ii) at least one group which is reactive with isocyanate groups; (D) compounds which form 'onium salts with the groups which are capable of 'onium salt formation and optionally (E) low molecular weight compounds which have at least one group which is reactive with isocyanate groups. Examples of (A) are polythioethers polyesters, polyesteramides, polyamides and especially polyethers. In the case of (B) aliphatic and araliphatic polyisocyanates are preferred because the polyaddition products prepared do not undergo degradation or discolouration on exposure to light. Examples of (C) are (i) compounds which have phosphinetype phosphorous atoms and especially amine nitrogen atoms and sulphide sulphur atoms and (ii) compounds which contain ester groups of strong acids or halogen atoms capable of quaternisation reactions. Compounds of type (D) one of two types, namely (i) for use with C (i) type compound inorganic or organic acids and alkylating agents and (ii) for use with C (ii) type compounds, mono- and polyamines and sulphides. Examples of (E) are (i) bifunctional compounds, e.g. saturated or unsaturated glycols, diamines, aminoalcohols, monoamino and diamine carboxylic acids and water; and (ii) monofunctional compounds, e.g. simple alcohols, primary and secondary amines, mono carboxylic acids and ureas. The components (A) to (E) may be reacted with each other in any sequence, but preferably components (A), (B), (C) and if desired (E) are first reacted together and the 'onium salt is formed by the addition of (D). The proportion of components (A) to (E) and (C) are varied so that the end product is sufficiently resistant to water and solvents and is not too hard. The solubility of the isocyanate polyaddition products in water must be adjusted to ensure sufficient water resistance of the textile finishes, by having 8-250 milliequivalents of 'onium salt groups for every 100g of cationic isocyanate polyaddition product. Polyurethanes are advantageously prepared in organic solvents, e.g. acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethylacetate, methylene chloride or dimethyl formamide, at least in the last stage of their preparation. These solutions may be mixed with water by any means. The aqueous impregnating solutions, sols or dispersions of isocyanate polyaddition products which contain 'onium salt groups, of ammonium and/or sulphonium ions, may also contain compounds which have a cross-linking action, e.g. formaldehyde, methylol compounds, polyfunctional alkylating agents, polyamines and polyepoxides. Typical isocyanate poly addition products consist of 40-80% by weight of a polypropylene glycol ether, 10-25% by weight of an aliphatic diisocyanate, 2-20% by weight of a compound of the formula Br(CH 2 ) n -X where n is 1-6 and X denotes a hydroxy, mercapto, carboxy or carbonamide group and 2-20% by weight of a tertiary amine and/or a sulphide, which may contain reactive hydrogen atoms, and optionally 1-10% by weight of a further quaternisation agent and/or an acid. The aqueous liquor contains 20-150 g/litre of the isocyanate poly addition products, and it may also contain surface-active non-ionic or cationic compounds as 1-50% by weight of the cationic isocyanate polyaddition products. Impregnation is by immersion and then squeezing off or centrifuging off the liquid, alternatively by spraying. The textile material is then dried for 5-20 mins. at 90-100C and then depending on the type of fibre cured for 5-20 mins. at 110-150C.