Patent GB-345127-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gyroscopes
IPC: G01C19/44
Filed: 1930-04-16
Abstract: 345,127. Gyroscopic apparatus. SPERRY DEVELOPMENT CO., Dover, Delaware, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Carter, L. F.; 129, Woodridge Place, Leonia, New Jersey, U.S.A.) April 16, 1930, No. 12026, Convention date, April 22, 1929. [Class 97 (iii).] Apparatus for maintaining a fixed reference line on a moving vehicle or craft comprises a non-pendulous gyroscope having three degrees of freedom, and one or more pendulous devices, mounted so as not to affect the equilibrium of the gyroscope, for controlling means for applying torque to the gyroscope. Means are provided to render the torqueapplying means inoperative when the vehicle changes its speed or direction. The gyroscope 1, Figs. 1 and 2, has a vertical axis of rotation and is mounted on fore-and-aft horizontal pivots 2 in a ring 3 which is mounted on transverse horizontal pivots 4 in a fixed support 5. A roller 8<1> on an arm 9 secured to the gyro-casing engages in a bail 6 mounted on pivots 7 in line with the pivots 2. The bail 6 also carries an arm 11 which may carry a pointer &c. for indicating lateral tilt or rolling of the vehicle, this arm also carrying a contact sector 12 with which engages a trolley 13 on a pendulum 14 mounted on an axis 15 in line with the pivots 2, 7, the sector 12 consisting of two conducting strips separated by insulation. When the trolley 13 is on one of the conducting strips one of the solenoids 77, 78 is energized and exerts torque on the gyroscope about the axis 4. Another pendulum 141 mounted on an axis 23 in line with the axis 4 is provided with a trolley 13<1> co-operating with contacts 16<1>, 17<1> on an arm 20 secured to the ring 3, to control the energization of solenoids 19, 191 adapted to exert torque about the axis 2 of the gyroscope. The arm 20 may also carry means for indicating longitudinal inclination of the vehicle. To prevent closing of the solenoid circuits by short period oscillations of the pendulum, the solenoids are controlled by means of delayed-action relays, each of which comprises electromagnets 24, 25, Fig. 6, in circuit respectively with the contact strips 16<1>, 17<1>, and a pivoted armature 26 to which is attached a flexible strip 27 carrying contacts 28, 29. Also attached to the armature is a spring loop 30 engaging a pin 31 on a lever 32 pivoted at 33, the lever arms being connected to the pistons of dashpots 34. When the armature 26 is tilted by one of the magnets 24, 25 the lever 32 is turned about its pivot and one of the piston rods is gradually moved down until a stop 35 thereon engages the strip 27 and causes e.g. the contact 28 to engage the fixed contact 28<1> Means are also provided to prevent the solenoids from being energized when the vehicle is changing its speed or course. The device responsive to change of course comprises a gyroscopic turn indicator 36, Fig. 3, arranged so that precession of the gyroscope separates contacts 39, 40 in the circuit of the solenoids 77, 78. The device responsive to change of speed consists of a speedometer movement having, instead of a pointer, an arm 52 carrying a contact roller bearing on a rotatably mounted split contact ring 53. The roller and ring are in circuit with a motor 56 so that the latter rotates when a change of speed cocurs. The motor drives the ring 53 until the insulated part of the latter comes under the roller, when the motor circuit is broken. Mounted in the motor spindle is a pin 58, Fig. 5, urged outwardly by a spring 59 to close contacts 57 in the circuit of the solenoids 19, 19<1>. An arm 63 pivoted to the motor spindle carries masses 64 and pins 65, 66 so that when the motor rotates the masses move outwards by centrifugal action and one of the pins engages a pin 67 to withdraw the pin 58 and allow the contacts 57 to open.