Patent GB-772079-A (GB)
Title: Power saw
IPC: B23D59/04
Filed: 1955-08-19
Abstract: 772,079. Sawing. WEIGHT, .J. W. Aug. 19, 1955 [Aug. 19, 1954], No. 23993/55. Class. 145 [Also in Groups XXVI and XXVII] A saw blade 62 is reciprocated in a guide bar 55 by a two-stroke internalcombustion engine having a pressurized crankcase 20 and a crankshaft 19 with oppositely disposed cranks 17, 25, the crank 17 being connected to the engine piston 13 and the crank 25 being connected to a piston 34 which slides in an extension 30 of the crankcase and is provided on its outer side with attachment means for the saw blade. Preferably, the saw cuts on the inward stroke and the weight of the engine piston 34 and associated moving parts is made slightly greater than that of the saw blade 62, coupling piston 34 and associated moving parts so that the unbalance caused by the cutting reaction on the blade is offset by the greater reactive force of the accelerating engine piston 13. The engine piston is arrangd below the centre of gravity of the complete saw unit so that, on the power stroke, the greater reactive force of the heavier piston 13 tends to rotate the saw unit about its centre of gravity into the work and, on the compression stroke, tends to rotate it away from the work; the direction of rotation of the engine is arranged so that the unbalanced couple resulting from acceleration and deceleration of the connecting rods in the vertical plane adds to this effect of the heavier piston. To reduce lateral vibration of the engine. which would be communi-  cated to the thin saw blade 62, the crankshaft is provided with weights 27, 28 and is lightened at 18 and a weight 19b laterally removed from the weights 27, 28 is provided on the crankshaft or on the flywheel 19a. The inner end of the saw blade 62 fits in a slot in the outer side of the coupling piston and is connected to the piston either by edge notches 75 fitting over corresponding lugs 48 on a hardened inset 43. or by side serrations engaged by a serrated plate secured by a screw to the piston or by a spring-loaded plate having pins passing through holes in the blade into holes in one side of the piston slot. A locking bar 58 provides a plain or a wheel bearing 59 for the inner end of the blade and is held in position by a withdrawable pin 68. The guide bar 55 is formed either by outer plates. sandwiched on a core plate to leave a slot 100 for a reduced tongue 62b on the blade or, alternatively, the tongue may be formed on the guide bar and the slot formed on top of the blade; as shown in Fig. 25, a blade made of toothed outer plates 160, 161 and a toothed core plate 162 straddles a plain guide bar 157. For slidably supporting the outer end of the blade, a slot or slots 102 are formed in the tongue 62b of the blade and cooperate with a key or keys 101 fixed to, or formed by bending or dimpling part of, the guide bar; alternatively the slots may be on the bar and the keys on the blade. Toenable-the key to be inserted in the slot the slot may connect with the end of the blade through a slot 104, or the keys may be tapered so as to spring apart the-sides of the guide bar slot, or the keys may themselves be flexible. Holes or notches may be provided in the tongue'of the saw-blade or in the sides of the guide bar slot to reduce the frictional contact area. The core plate may be made in parts to provide a longitudinal oil channel along the guide bar and vertical channels leading to the top of the blade, the channel being connected to an oil' reservoir or through a check valve, to the engine crankcase. Alternatively, the lower edge of the core plate may have recesses for grease or for lubricant-soaked felt and the slot in the guide bar may be coated with a material, such as silver, having a low co-efficient of friction with steel.