baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-570866-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the treatment of animal and vegetable materials
IPC: A23L2/04
Filed: 1943-02-13
Abstract: Animal and vegetable substances, exemplified by potatoes, red cabbage, turnips, beets, grapes, mangoes and mangosteens, are washed, disintegrated and extracted, and during the extraction are subjected to an electric field by passing the material between electrodes in direct contact with it, having a potential difference insufficient to generate acidity in the material.  The current may be direct or alternating and the potential may be 10 millivolts.  Suitable apparatus is that described in Specifications 543,706 or 487,595, [Group XXXVI].  Before extraction the materials may be fermented and the electrical treatment may be commenced at this stage and continue through the extraction stage.  The material may be dehydrated e.g. on hot drums or by spraying after the treatment.
Patent GB-472682-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to wall or like plugs
IPC: C04B40/06
Filed: 1936-01-25
Abstract: 472,682. Wall plugs. RAWLINGS, J, J., and RAWLPLUG CO., Ltd. Jan. 25, 1936, No. 2429. [Class 89 (i)] Wall plugs are manufactured from fibres such as asbestos mixed with a material such as cement which becomes plastic on moistening and thereafter hardens. A loading material may be added. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed and are shaped to the desired tubular or rod form. In this process it may be moistened and thereafter quickly dried to arrest the setting of the cement. The hardened part may be confined to the outer coating or skin.
Patent GB-1492694-A (GB)
Title: Surface gauging by remote image tracking
IPC: G01B11/02
Filed: 1975-01-20
Abstract: 1492694 Measuring contours photo-electrically UNITED AIRCRAFT CORP 20 Jan 1975 [12 Feb 1974] 2454/75 Heading G1A Contour gauging apparatus comprises: means for providing an intensity-modulated beam of radiation along an incident axis to form a spot on the surface of a specimen; detection means having a radiation-sensitive surface provided with a plurality of reference positions; means for directing reflected light from the spot along a collecting axis to form an image on the detection means; means responsive to the passage of the image over the reference positions to provide null signals; means for causing relative motion between the detection means and the specimen whereby the image is displaced to pass over the reference positions; and means for measuring the relative motion at successive null signals. A collimated light beam 32 intensity-modulated at 10kHz and focused along an incident axis in an X-direction, forms a spot on the surface of a specimen 30. Light reflected along a collecting axis 38 inclined at an angle # to the X-direction is focused by a lens 40 and folded by a mirror 44 to fall perpendicularly on a detector 42 having discrete photoresistive zones separated by narrow null positions. As the specimen 30 is displaced in a Y-direction at a rate of 20-30 standard increments a second, the light spot follows contour displacements in the X-direction, the image being displaced across the detector 42 by an amount trigonometrically related to the spot displacement. A circuit (Fig. 4 not shown) tuned to the light modulation frequency detects any displacement of the image from any of the null points, and energizes means to translate the optical system in the X-direction, or the detector 42 in its own surface plane, so that the image passes through the null positions, whereupon the amount of translation is recorded. The specimen 30, Fig. 1, is mounted on a reference table 10 together with a collimated radiation source 22, which may be a mono-chromatic He-Ne laser or a LED, and an electronics assembly 18. A translatable table 12 carrying the detector and optical system 28 is movable by a permanentmagnet moving-coil linear actuator 20 driven by the electronics 18, the position of the table 12 being signalled by a linear encoder 24. If the specimen 30 is moved relative to the combination of optical system and detector, as in the embodiment, then the displacement is equal to the increment in the X-ordinate. In an alternative mode the detector 42 alone is moved relative to the combination of optical system and specimen; a trigonometric conversion factor is then used, and the apparatus may be calibrated with a standard specimen. If for any reason the image moves out of the detector field, a latching circuit holds the movable elements stationary.
Patent GB-682456-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mouthpiece cigarettes
IPC: A24D3/04
Filed: 1950-01-31
Abstract: 682,456. Cigarettes. HALL, L. C. April 18, 1951 [Jan. 31, 1950], No. 2465/50. Class 130. A cigarette has a mouthpiece E either enclosed within the cigarette paper or fastened to a cigarette rod portion F by adhesive means, the mouthpiece comprising a paper tube the end of which adjacent the tobacco is closed by a disc C having a single hole D therein and the open end of which is remote from the tobacco portion of the cigarette. In one embodiment a double length mouthpiece E, Fig. 2, consisting of a paper tube, closed at each end by discs C, is assembled between two portions B of cigarette rod, Fig. 1, and fastened thereto by an adhesive band, the mouthpiece being subsequently bisected to form two mouthpiece cigarettes. In a modification a double length mouthpiece is inserted between portions of an unwrapped tobacco rod, the composite rod being subsequently wrapped and cut at the mid-point of each mouthpiece section and tobacco section.
Patent GB-542953-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to sliding clasp fasteners
IPC: A44B19/38
Filed: 1941-02-24
Abstract: 542,953. Sliding clasp fasteners. CARR FASTENER CO., Ltd., PARKIN, L., and TAYLOR, E. H. Feb. 24, 1941, No. 2470. [Class 44] A yieldable top stop is provided on one of the stringers of a sliding clasp fastener which arrests normal closure movement of the slider, but yields to an increased pull, allowing the slider to pass clear of the members so that the stringers may then be separated by lateral pull. As shown, the stop provided on stringer tape 1 comprises a strip of spring metal having a hump 14 projecting through an aperture in a plate 8 secured to the tape by rivets 10, the ends of the strip being slidably held under the plate. The slider is retained on stringer 2 by riding on to an elongated member 6 having a terminal abutment 7. In a modification the metal strip is of U-form, one arm provided with a hump and overlaying plate 8, the other extending under and beyond the edge of the plate, where its free end is bent back to overlie and form a keeper for the free end of the humped arm.
Patent GB-423827-A (GB)
Title: Process for sensitising photographic silver halide emulsions
IPC: G03C1/16
Filed: 1934-01-24
Abstract: Silver halide emulsions are sensitized, mainly to the blue and blue-green portions of the spectrum by pseudocyanine dyes unsubstituted at the methine carbon atom and derived from a substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazole.  The dyes are prepared by condensing a quaternary ammonium salt of substituted or unsubstituted 2-methylbenzoxazole with a 2-iodo derivative of a heterocyclic base or with a 2-thio-keto-derivative as described in Specification 423,792.  Examples are given of the preparation of (1) 1<1>-methyl-1<1>-ethyl-6<1>-methylbenzoxoquino - pseudocyanine iodide by heating 2-methylbenzoxazole dimethyl sulphate with N-ethyl-6-methylthioquinolone ethiodide in pyridine and piperidine; (2) 1-methyl-1<1>-ethyl - 5 - methoxy - 6<1> - methyl - benzoxoquino-pseudocyanine iodide from 2-methyl-6-methoxy-benzoxazole di-methyl sulphate as in example (1); (3) 1-methyl-1<1>-ethyl-6<1>-methyl-4 : 5-benzo-benzoxoquino-pseudocyanine iodide by heating 2-methyl-a -naphthoxazole dimethylsulphate with N-ethyl-6-methylthioquinolone ethiodide in pyridine and piperidine; and (4) 1 - methyl - 1<1> - ethyl - 6<1> - methyl - 6 : 7 - benzobenzoxo-pseudocyanine iodide by heating 2-methyl-b -naphthoxazole dimethylsulphate with N-ethyl-6-methyl-thioquinolone ethiodide, in pyridine and piperidine. The 2-methyl-6-methoxy-benzoxazole used in example (2) is prepared by distilling 5-methoxy-2-acetylamino-1-phenol.
Patent GB-1343852-A (GB)
Title: Connector for printed circuit board
IPC: H01R12/71
Filed: 1972-01-19
Abstract: 1343852 Two-part couplings AMP Inc 19 Jan 1972 [1 Feb 1971] 2504/72 Heading H2E A surface contact for a p.c. board comprises a receptacle 4 and an integral, axially offset, mounting portion 6. It is made by stamping and forming from sheet metal. The receptacle 4 is rectangular, with a seam 13 in one wall 12 as shown. Walls 8 and 10 carry spring fingers 16 which touch near their lower ends. The fourth wall is continuous with the mounting portion. Inward projections 23 prevent excessive bending of the fingers if an oversized test probe is inserted. The mounting portion 6 comprises a hemi-spheroidal bight 30, convex towards the axis of the receptacle, and resilient walls 32 directed away from this axis. A punch (56, Figs. 11 and 12, not shown) bears on edges 34 of the walls to push the contact into a hole in the board until edges 34 are flush with the surface. Edges 28 of the receptacle walls are level with edges 34 and so seat firmly against the board. A plurality of contacts can be accurately positioned to receive an integrated circuit (Fig. 8, not shown). The receptacle is saved from damage by applying the insertion force to the mounting portion. On insertion, walls 32 bend inwards, and hold the contact firmly in the hole until it is soldered. The solder fills the hole and wets the inside of the mounting portion but cannot reach the inside of the receptacle because of the tight fit between edges 28 and the board. If the board has conductors on both sides or plated through holes, a solder resist coating is applied to parts of the contact as an additional precaution. The hemispheroidal shape of portion 30 provides a firm fit in a punched hole, which is slightly conical. With a drilled hole, which is cylindrical, portion 30 would be made cylindrical instead. One contact finger has a depression which is rectangular (Fig. 7, not shown) if a rectangular pin is to be inserted or triangular (Fig. 9, not shown) for a round pin. The fingers therefore touch only near their corners, and so even if they are tinned and fuse together during soldering they are easily separated. The contacts may be fitted to the board by a machine. Dimensions of one miniature embodiment are given.
Patent GB-1263811-A (GB)
Title: New styrylnaphthalene derivatives, process for their manufacture and use
IPC: G03C1/28
Filed: 1969-01-15
Abstract: 1,263,811. Brightening polymers. CIBA GEIGY A.G. 15 Jan., 1969 [15 Jan., 1968], No. 2505/69. Heading C3R. [Also in Divisions C2, C5 and D1] Styryl-naphthalene derivatives of formula in which B represents a naphthalene residue to which the groups A-CH=CH- and -CH=CH-A<SP>1</SP> are linked at 1,5- or 2,6- positions; and each of A and A<SP>1</SP>, which may be the same or different, represents a benzene, naphthalene or diphenyl residue; at least one of A, A<SP>1</SP> and B being substituted by one or more groups selected from sulphonic or carboxylic groups, the esters, amides or salts (metallic or ammonium salts) derived therefrom; or sulphone or nitrile groups, are found useful for optically brightening the organic materials, e.g. polymers based on α,#-unsaturated carboxylic acids, polyamides of the polycaprolactam type, polyethers, polythioether, polyacetals, thioplasts, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamide resins, epoxy resins &c. In Examples 37 and 38, the filaments obtained from polyamide and polyester material to which the compounds according to the invention have been mixed display a good brightening effect.
Patent GB-1166202-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of manufacturing contact electrodes for semiconductor components.
IPC: C23C14/02
Filed: 1967-01-18
Abstract: 1,166,202. Coating by evaporation. SIEMENS A. G. Jan. 18, 1967 [Jan. 19, 1966], No. 2556/67. Heading C7F. [Also in Division H1] The surface of a semi-conductor device is cleaned by etching, and the material is heated, after which a chromium contact layer is deposited thereon. A second metal layer is then deposited over the chromium layer, the deposition period for the second layer partly overlapping with that for the chromium layer. In particular applications the surface of a p-type silicon wafer containing phosphorus-diffused n-type regions is etched with buffered HF, rinsed with distilled water, and then heated to 350-400‹C. for 10-20 seconds. The wafer is placed in a vacuum chamber and is subjected to chromium vaporization from a tungsten boat containing chromium powder, or having an electrolytically deposited chromium layer thereon, the boat being heated at 1200‹C. Gold may be incorporated into the tungsten boat to improve adhesion of the chromium. A chromium layer <0À1Á thick is formed in 5-20 seconds. The vaporizer may alternatively comprise sintered or rolled chromium sheet, or deposition may be by cathode sputtering in a hydrogen atmosphere. The second layer, which may be of silver, gold, tin, nickel, copper, lead, iridium, aluminium, zinc or cadmium or a mixture such as silverlead, is vaporized from a heated molybdenum crucible, this deposition process beginning before the chromium deposition is completed to improve adhesion between the electrode layers. A layer 5Á thick is formed in 30 seconds. The second layer may be consolidated by electrolytic deposition on certain areas defined by a photovarnish etching technique. A mask defines areas of the silicon wafer which form individual devices, and after deposition of the contact layers the wafer may be cemented to a glass plate and divided up into these devices, each of which is encased in glass. Embodiments are described in which the contact layers are deposited through apertures in a mask of silicon dioxide and phosphoric oxide glass, the latter layer being formed during a phosphorus-diffusion stage, and subsequently being etched. Alternatively a double layered mask of tantalum may be employed. After deposition of the contact layers over the entire wafer surface, including over any oxide coating present, the unrequired areas may be removed by a photo-varnish etching technique. The invention may be applied to semi-conductor resistors, capacitors, transistors or diodes, and may be used for germanium as well as silicon.
Patent GB-469563-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of hydrocyanic acid
IPC: C01C3/02
Filed: 1936-01-27
Abstract: Hydrocyanic acid is obtained by vaporizing formamide by contacting it at a temperature of about 250--400 DEG  C. with a vaporization surface consisting of comminuted silica, silicon, carborundum, alumina or glass, the vapour being immediately dehydrated by contact with a catalyst consisting of manganese, aluminium, magnesium, chromium or the fused oxides of these metals at a temperature between 450 and 700 DEG  C.  The process is preferably conducted in a reaction vessel made of or lined with non-ferrous material, e.g. copper, brass, aluminium.  The process may be conducted at atmospheric or elevated pressure. Specifications 261,559 and 305,816, [both in Class 1 (ii)], are referred to.
Patent GB-245290-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for playing a game of skill
IPC: A63F7/00
Filed: 1925-01-29
Abstract: 245,290. McKay, W. A., Whyatt, A., Dunnicliff, H., and Filer, E. F. Jan. 29, 1925. Race games, mechanical. - Appliances for playing a race game comprise a number of balls B Fig. 3, of magnetic material, which are normally held by electromagnets d at the upper ends of a corresponding number of slopes a and are simultaneously released. Disposed on each slope are a plurality of electromagnetic obstacles c, which are energized upon the release of the balls and may thereafter be de-energized singly by one of a series of controllers operated by the players by means of handles e the object being to allow the balls to progress down the slope and reach the winning position. The slopes are arranged side by side on a circular stand and terminate in a funnel b, which communicates through a tube b<1> with a valve h, Fig. 1. The valve h is operated to release the balls singly, the winning ball being released first. In a modification, the slopes are arranged in parallel formation and terminate in spring contacts i<1>, Fig. 11, which are depressed by the weight of the balls. Each contact i is adapted to close two circuits, one through an indicator magnet k and the other through a magnet l which attracts its aramature m<1> thus breaking the indicator circuits and ensuring that the winning ball only is indicated. One form of controller is shown in Fig. 7 and comprises a series of pivoted contact arms f normally held in closed positions by springs f<1>, but adapted to be moved into open position by a cam g mounted on the shafts g' of the handle e.
Patent GB-1525772-A (GB)
Title: Fuel injection system
IPC: F02M47/00
Filed: 1976-01-23
Abstract: 1525772 Fuel injection pumps; injection nozzles DIESEL KIKI CO Ltd 23 Jan 1976 [24 Jan 1975] 02580/76 Headings F1A and FIB In a fuel injection system for a diesel engine and comprising an injection nozzle V having a valve needle 32 loaded by a spring 27 and opened by fuel delivered thereto by a hydraulically actuated pumping piston 12e, shortly before the end of each injection stroke of the pumping piston 12e pressurized fuel is supplied through a passage 26 to a spring chamber 28 to assist the spring 27 in closing the needle valve 32. The pumping piston 12e is reciprocated by a servo-piston 12d working in a chamber 20b, the latter being connected alternately to a return fuel line 19, 22 and a fuel feed line 6, 23 pressurized by a feed pump 3. A slide valve 18 controls the alternating connections and is itself controlled by a pilot changeover valve 8 having positions I and II in which the pilot control passage 16a of the slide valve is de-pressurized and pressurized, respectively. An electronic control device 15 determines the timing of the changeover of the valve 8, a sensor member 14 including sensors of engine speed, atmospheric pressure and temperature, cooling water temperature, and a comparison between desired and actual engine speed being provided for supplying input signals to the control device 15. The pressurization of the passage 26 and the spring chamber 28 occurs when a port 26a of the passage 26 is either uncovered to the pressure in the chamber 20b or via a throttle (31a) the pumping chamber 13, Fig. 3 (not shown). At the end of the injection stroke the pressure in the pumping chamber 13 is reduced to feed pressure by the registration of an annular relief groove 29 in the pumping piston with a passage 30 connected to the feed line 6. On subsequent changeover of the slide valve 18, feed pressure flows past an inlet valve 10 into the pumping chamber 13 to return the pistons 12e, 12d at a rate determined by an adjustable throttle 25 in the return line 22, 19. If the control device 15 decreases the time allowed for the return stroke, the actual stroke diminishes and thus also the quantity delivered. Before the return stroke is completed the spring chamber 28 is connected to the return line via a port 26b.
Patent GB-991394-A (GB)
Title: Agglomeration and concentration of synthetic latex
IPC: C08J3/16
Filed: 1964-01-21
Abstract: The particles of an aqueous latex of a polymer of a vinylidene monomer are agglomerated by dispersing therein a water-soluble agglomerating agent of the general formula <FORM:0991394/C3/1> wherein A is H or R(CH2CH2O)mH, B is H or R(CH2CH2O)pH, R is a hydrophilic organic group and n, m and p are each 23-455, and the ratio of R to ethylene oxide chains is from 1:3 to 2:1.  The agglomerating agent may be added as an aqueous solution which may contain an emulsifier, e.g. potassium oleate, or a sodium salt of a b -naphthalene sulphonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product. Exemplified polymers are a butadiene-styrene copolymer alone or blended with a polystyrene latex, a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer and a butadiene-styrene-divinyl benzene copolymer. Also listed are polymers and copolymers of 2 - methyl butadiene - 1,3, 1 - methyl butadiene-1,3, a -methyl styrene, chlorostyrene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, and vinyl pyridine.  The latex may be concentrated by the removal of water therefrom.
Patent GB-883153-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to moulding core sand compositions containing synthetic resins
Inventor: FITKO CHESTER W
IPC: B22C1/02
Filed: 1960-01-25
Abstract: The composition of the parent Specification which consists of particles of sand individually coated with thermosetting resin material and a solid outermost coating of waxy material is modified in that the waxy material content is discontinuous, i.e. particles of it are embedded in the coating of thermosetting resin.  The process of the parent Specification is similarly modified.  Preferably the waxy material and resin are first mixed and subsequently the sand and resin-wax mixture are combined.  In an example sand and novolake resin were mixed together followed by the addition of calcium stearate and hexamethylenetetramine. Warm air was blown through the resulting mixture to remove volatiles and then a further quantity of calcium stearate was added.  The melting point of the coating on the sand after melting was 220 DEG F.
Patent GB-695651-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to crank mechanism
Inventor: STEPHENS VINCENT
IPC: F16H37/12
Filed: 1951-02-02
Abstract: 695,651. Crank mechanism. SOLDANS, Ltd. Feb. 4, 1952 [Feb. 2, 1951], No. 2691/51. Class 80 (iii). A cyclically varying crank mechanism comprises a crank pin 25 on a driving disc 16. The pin 25 is mounted on one arm 23 of a twoarmed lever journaled at 21 in the crank disc, the other arm 22 of which carries a roller 26 engaging in a cam groove 20. The groove 20 is mainly circular but has flat portions 40, 41 which vary the throw of the crank pin 25 to provide dwell periods in the movement of an oscillating bell-crank lever 30, 31 coupled by a connecting rod 27 to the crank pin 25.
Patent GB-1374660-A (GB)
Title: Travelling wave tube assemblies
IPC: H01J23/42
Filed: 1972-01-20
Abstract: 1374660 Travelling-wave tubes ENGLISH ELECTRIC VALVE CO Ltd 27 Dec 1972 [20 Jan 1972] 2723/72 HeadingHlD An input/output coupling and periodic permanent magnet focusing assembly for a travelling-wave tube includes a coupling cavity 15 or 16 having a part which extends through the focusing assembly, and a part 13 or 14, respectively, which extends axially outside the focusing assembly. As shown, the focusing assembly 6, 7 is supported around the tube envelope 1 on a metal tube 8, and is sealed within the outer housing 17 by a casing 10 and potting compound 9. The cavity portions 13 and 14 may, as shown, completely encircle the focusing structure.
Patent GB-271928-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in steam power installations
IPC: F01K9/02
Filed: 1926-02-01
Abstract: 271,928. McCallum, J., and Anderson, H. P. R. Feb. 1, 1926. Engines working on special systems or cycles. -In a steam power plant of the kind described in Specification 254,874, the exhaust steam from an engine 4 is led into a relatively small receiver comprising one or more pipes 7 opening into steam inlet and outlet chambers 6, 11, which may be placed in direct communication with one another through a valve-controlled opening 41. The pipes 7 are enclosed by a chamber 14 through which cooling water is circulated. Tubes 46 projecting into the upper part of the chamber serve to heat the air supplied to the boiler furnace. The valve controlling the direct passage of steam through the opening 41 may be automatically operated in accordance with the pressure of the exhaust. The pumps 18, 19 which force the mix. ture of steam and water from the chamber 11 into the boiler 1 are of the kind described in Specification 264,940, [Class 8 (i), Air and gases, Compressing &c.], and are mounted on a casing 23 divided to form inlet and outlet chambers 25, 24, which are in communication with each other through the suction valves 21 upon the upper ends of the delivery valves 22, which seat against the bottom of the pump barrels. The mixture passes through a heater 33 placed in the path of the gases from the boiler.