baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CN-1119498-A (CN)
Inventor: GUIFANG WANG
IPC: A23L27/10
Filed: 1995-03-30
Abstract: 本发明公开了一种由大蒜、红辣椒、清油、香油、白酒、白糖、香精、味精、食盐、柠檬酸、胡椒等制成的蒜椒酱及其制造方法，该蒜椒酱具有消毒杀菌、防痢、抗痢、止霍乱、抗泻、强肝补血、防癌抗癌等综合效能，且味道鲜美，食用方便，无蒜臭，是居家、旅行必备的最佳保健食品。
Patent CN-1217158-A (CN)
Title: 一种桂圆肉的制造方法
Inventor: WU SONGLIN
IPC: A23L19/00
Filed: 1998-09-23
Abstract: 一种桂圆肉的制造方法,包括清洗、取出果肉和烘干工序,其特征是:(1)清洗龙眼鲜果;(2)蒸汽加热,使鲜果至半干状态;(3)取出果肉;(4)烘干;(5)包装成品。其优点是整个生产过程可采用机械化生产,干净卫生,外形美观,不但能保持果肉粒粒完整,而且还能使果肉的色泽呈半透明的琥珀色,龙眼风味浓郁,生产周期短,效率高。
Patent CN-1277768-A (CN)
Title: 同时传输话音和数据的设备与方法
Inventor: AMIT C
IPC: H04L5/06
Filed: 1998-08-24
Abstract: 一种通信设备包括:第一XDSL发送接收机,用于传送XDSL传输;分路器(50)用于通过POTS电话线路传送POTS传输和通过XDSL电话线路传送XDSL传输;第二XDSL发送接收机用于与第一XDSL发送接收机和分路器(50)通信。
Patent CN-1279613-A (CN)
Title: 硫酸化低聚糖在降低血液中甘油三酯水平中的用途
Inventor: COWDEN W B
IPC: A61K31/7024
Filed: 1998-10-13
Abstract: 本发明涉及硫酸化低聚糖,尤其是特定硫酸化低聚糖在高甘油酯血病的治疗中作为降低血液中甘油三酯水平药剂的用途。
Patent CN-1285899-A (CN)
Title: 带有改进的阀的隔膜泵
Inventor: MEZA H
IPC: F16K15/14
Filed: 1998-11-23
Abstract: 一种隔膜泵,带有改进的出口阀和/或入口阀组件,这些组件可提高出口和/或入口阀的有效性并提供较长的有效的阀寿命。
Patent CN-1242682-A (CN)
Title: 有机电致发光器件
Inventor: ISHIBASHI TADASHI
IPC: H05B33/14
Filed: 1999-06-25
Abstract: 一种类型的有机电致发光器件,包括含有发光区的有机层,该有机层位于阴极和阳极之间,其特征在于有机层含有以下通式(1)代表的二苯乙烯基化合物:其中上述通式(1)中的R 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 和R 4 各自是相同或不同基团,代表以下通式(2)的芳基:其中上述通式(2)中的R 5 ,R 6 ,R 7 R 8 和R 9 各自是相同或不同基团,可以是氢原子,或至少它们中之一是饱和的或不饱和的烷氧基或烷基。
Patent CN-1300320-A (CN)
Title: 一种基于新肽的精神分裂症诊断方法
Inventor: SHINITZKY M
IPC: C07K7/08
Filed: 1999-03-30
Abstract: 本发明涉及可与精神分裂症患者体液中水平升高而在非精神分裂症者体液中水平更低或根本不存在的抗体结合的肽。利用计算机程序预测出本发明肽的抗原表位含由带正电荷的氨基酸包围的疏水性氨基酸核心。本发明肽在个体中精神分裂症的诊断方面有应用价值。
Patent CR-20120255-A (CR)
Title: Derivados de purina o deazapurina útiles para el tratamiento de inter alia infecciones virales
Inventor: HALCOMB RANDALL L
IPC: A61K31/522
Filed: 2012-05-17
Abstract: La presente solicitud incluye moduladores de los TLR novedosos, composiciones que contienen dichos compuestos y métodos terapéuticos que incluyen la administración de dichos compuestos.
Patent CR-20130435-A (CR)
Title: Sistema y procedimiento para suministrar de forma precisa cantidades controladas de fluido viscoso a un dispositivo de suministro de fluido
Inventor: BEEBE W SCOTT
IPC: G01F11/02
Filed: 2013-09-03
Abstract: Un sistema (10) y un procedimiento para suministrar de manera precisa cantidades controladas de fluido viscoso a uno o más dispositivos de suministro de fuido (31).
Patent CR-20160482-A (CR)
Title: Un sistema de refrigeracion para un cabrestante de trefilado en seco
Inventor: VAN HOECKE HENDRIK
IPC: B21C1/14
Filed: 2015-04-07
Abstract: Durante el trefilado en seco de alambre de metal se genera una gran cantidad de calor debido a la deformación plástica del alambre estirado a través de los troqueles. Con el fin de enfriar el alambre trefilado, los cabestrantes de trefilado se deben enfriar. La invención presenta un sistema de refrigeración basado en aletas desviables que son prensadas contra la superficie interior del cabrestante. El sistema de refrigeración tiene la ventaja de que las aletas patinan/se deslizan en la película de líquido refrigerante a la velocidad operativa y raspan la superficie interior del cabrestante a la velocidad de arranque o parada. De esta manera la superficie interna del cabrestante se limpia de óxido y otros desechos. El óxido es un aislante térmico e inhibe el enfriamiento del cabrestante. A la velocidad de funcionamiento, conforme las aletas patinan en el refrigerante, hay muy poca pérdida de energía debido a la fricción. El sistema de enfriamiento es fácilmente montable en la maquinaria existente y no plantea altas exigencias en la concentricidad con el eje de rotación del cabrestante. Es de hechura sencilla y se puede hacer en forma muy efectiva en costos. También se describen y reivindican la combinación del sistema de refrigeración y un cabrestante y un banco de trefilado de alambre con el sistema de refrigeración.
Patent CR-20210417-A (CR)
Title: Methods and compositions for clinical evaluation of therapeutic agents
Inventor: SABINS NINA
IPC: G01N33/50
Filed: 2020-01-15
Abstract: Methods and kits are described for clinical evaluation of a therapeutic agent. In particular, an immune perturbation reflecting an immune response signature of a disease is induced in a healthy subject, and a therapeutic agent of interest is clinically evaluated in the healthy subject with the immune perturbation.
Patent CR-20210666-A (CR)
Title: Fused heterocyclic derivatives
Inventor: VANDYCK KOEN
IPC: C07D498/14
Filed: 2020-05-27
Abstract: The application describes fused heterocycle derivative compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, chemical processes for preparing these compounds and their use in the treatment of diseases associated with HBV infection.
Patent CR-20220204-A (CR)
Title: Concentrated algal extract
Inventor: LECOLLINET GREGORY
IPC: C12N1/00
Filed: 2020-09-30
Abstract: . The said extracts are also characterised using bioactive compounds found in them inherently. The present invention also provides a method of making the said composition and characterising the same.
Patent CR-20220286-A (CR)
Title: Implant delivery device with biofilm protection shield
Inventor: BRESNICK STEPHEN DAVID
IPC: A61M31/00
Filed: 2020-12-10
Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for delivering prosthesis implants into surgically-created implant pockets in a subject and for preventing capsular contracture resulting from surgical insertion of prosthesis implants. The device may include a delivery member operable to wrap around the implant and propel the implant from the conforming cavity into the implant pocket in the subject upon the application of mechanical force to the delivery member. The device also includes a shielding member coupled with the delivery member and operable to shield the implant from at least a portion of the dissection tunnel connecting the incision to the implant pocket during delivery of the implant to the implant pocket. The device is capable of shielding the implant from microbial contamination, including contamination by the endogenous flora of the subject, during delivery of the implant into the surgically-created implant pocket.
Patent EC-SP034642-A (EC)
Title: Derivados de tetralona como agentes antitumorales
Inventor: GROSSMANN ADELBERT
IPC: A61P35/00
Filed: 2003-06-05
Abstract: Los compuestos de la siguiente fórmula: (gráfico) en la cual R1,R2,R3,R4,R5, X e Y, tienen los significados mencionados en la memoria descriptiva, proceso para la manufactura de estos compuestos y composiciones farmacéuticas que contienen un compuesto de este tipo, presentan una actividad inhibidora de la HDAC, y son útiles en el tratamiento del cáncer
Patent EC-SP067013-A (EC)
Title: 2-quinolil-oxazoles sustituidos útiles como inhibidores de pde4
Inventor: SHIH NENG YANG
IPC: A61K31/506
Filed: 2006-11-17
Abstract: La invención reivindica compuestos de fórmula Ien la cual	 es un heteroarilo de 5 miembros;	X es S u O;R1 es H, alquilo, cicloalquilo, cicloalquilalquilo-, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -C(O)alquilo o -C(O)NR18R19;R3 y R4 son H, alquilo, hidroxialquilo o -C(O)Oalquilo;R5 y R6 son H, alquilo, hidroxialquilo, alcoxialquilo, mercaptoalquilo, -CH2F, -CHF2, -CF3, -C(O)OH o -C(O)Oalquilo;R7 es H, alquilo, alquenilo, hidroxialquilo, cicloalquilo, alcoxialquilo, aminoalquilo, (R17-fenil)alquilo o -CH2-C(O)-O-alquilo; y R8 comprende alquilo, heteroarilo, fenilo o cicloalquilo, o heterocicloalquilo, todos sustituidos en forma opcional, o una amida cicloalquil- o heterocicloalquil-sustituida; o R7 y R8 y el nitrógeno al cual están unidos forman conjuntamente un anillo sustituido en forma opcional; y las restantes variables son como se definen en la memoria descriptiva. También se reivindican composiciones farmacéuticas, el uso de los compuestos como inhibidores de PDE4 y combinaciones con otros activos.
Patent EC-SP088905-A (EC)
Title: Nuevos compuestos
Inventor: TONTSCH GRUNT ULRIKE
IPC: A61P35/00
Filed: 2008-11-21
Abstract: La presente invención comprende compuestos de la fórmula general (1) en donde R1, R2, R4, Rg, X, m, n y p se definen como en la reivindicación 1, que son apropiados para el tratamiento de enfermedades caracterizadas por una excesiva o anormal proliferación celular, así como su uso para preparar un medicamento con las propiedades previamente mencionadas.
Patent FI-20040431-A (FI)
Inventor: RAESAENEN JARI
IPC: B65D43/02
Filed: 2004-03-22
Abstract: The invention relates to a cup package made of a fiber-based material, such as polymer-coated packaging board, comprising a cup (1) containing a packaged product (2) and a lid (6) closing the mouth of the cup. In accordance with the invention, the cup (1) has a collar (5) bent downwardly from the mouth of the cup and diverging from the cup skirt (3), and the lid (6) has a rim (8) oriented accordingly downwardly from the collar, the lid being fixed in position by heat-sealing between said collar and rim parts. For opening the package, the lid (6) can be equipped with a tear strip (11) surrounding its rim (8). In addition, the lid (6) may be nested with the cup (1), so that compression and friction between their opposite surfaces retain the lid in position in the reclosed package.
Patent FR-1602610-A (FR)
Title: 10.10.62.-17.4.63. 38445-15209 thebaine derivs
IPC: C07D489/02
Filed: 1963-10-10
Granted: 1971-01-04
Abstract: Thebaine derivs. of the general formula (I), quaternary ammonium salts, acid addition salts and N-oxide derivs. thereof:- (I) R1 = lower alkyl R2 = H, lower alkyl, or (1-8C) acyl R = where R3, R4 and R5 are H, Hal, Me. or R = cyclopropylmethyl; cyclobutylmethyl; cyclopentylmethyl; or cyclohexylmethyl, all opt. substd. by one or more Me radicals; or propargyl. The dotted line indicates a single or double bond. Central nervous depressant and analgesic activity. Morphine antagonist.
Patent GB-1084364-A (GB)
IPC: C12P1/06
Abstract: 1,084,364. Gangtokmycin. TAKEDA CHEM ICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Oct. 22, 1964 [Oct. 24, 1963], No. 43146/64. Heading C2A. A new antibiotic gangtokmycin, active against pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria, phytopathogenic fungi and yeasts, is produced by aerobically cultivating a gangtokmycin-producing strain of Streptomyces gantokensis, particularly Streptomyces gantokensis ATCC 15665, in an aqueous culture medium containing assimilable C and N sources and other nutrients at 24-30 C. Gangtokmycin is recovered from the culture broth by extraction with solvents (e.g. methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, isoamylalcohol, aqueous alcohols, pyridine or aqueous pyridine), followed by precipitation with acetone or distillation of the solvent. The crude gantokmycin may be washed with acetone or petroleum ether and further purified by conventional methods. Gangtokmycin, a light yellow powder, soluble in aqueous methanol, ethanol, acetone, dioxane, pyridine and N,N-dimethylformamide, pyridine and acetic acid, sparingly soluble in methanol, ethanol and insoluble in water, pure acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform benzene and petroleum ether; has an elementary analysis of C 63À38%, H 8À585%, N 1À275%; gives positive Fehling Dragendorff and Molish reactions and negative Sakaguchi, aniline phosphate and silver mirror tests, a purplish red colour with conc. H 2 SO 4  and a positive reaction for the presence of phenolic or enolic hydroxyl groups; specific rotation [α] D <SP>25</SP> = O#-13 (c = 0À5, 1À0, in aqueous pyridine containing 20% by weight water); U.V. absorption in methanol at 317, 332 and 348 mÁ, indicating that it is a pentaene, and an I.R. spectra in KBr with the following maxima: 2À97(s), 3À42(s), 5À88(m), 6À14(m), 6À35(m), 6À45(m), 7À25(s), 9À96(s), 10À3(m), 10À9(w), 11À4(w), 11À8(m) and 12À9(w) microns.
Patent GB-1084662-A (GB)
IPC: D01H4/42
Abstract: 1,084,662. Break-spinning apparatus. VYZKUMNY USTAV BAVLNARSKY. Jan. 21, 1966 [Aug. 27, 1965], No. 2771/66. Heading D1D.  In a method of controlling the operation of a break-spinning frame comprising a number of spinning units each consisting of feed rollers for feeding fibres into a rotary spinning chamber working under reduced pressure, and withdrawing rollers for feeding yarn from the chamber to a drum-driven take-up roller, when the frame is switched off, the feed-rollers in each unit are stopped and when the fibres remaining between these rollers and the chamber are spun into yarn, the withdrawing rollers and take-up drum are stopped while the yarnend is still subject to the suction-effect of the spinning chamber, after which the chamber is stopped; when the frame is started, in each unit, the chamber is started, and the withdrawing rollers and take-up drum are rotated in reverse to feed back a length of yarn for joining up, after which the feed rollers are restarted and the withdrawing rollers and takeup drum are rotated in the normal working direction. A main motor 21, Fig. 1 drives a gear-train 19, 20, 33. The spinning chambers 5 are driven by an endless belt 29 passing around idle and driven pulleys 31, 30, the latter being driven by gear 33 through bevels 32. When a clutch 63 is engaged the feed rollers are driven by gearing 16, 17, 18 from gear 19. The withdrawing rollers are driven in reverse or forwardly according to which of two clutches 22, 27 is engaged, the drive proceeding in one case through gears 25, 24, 23 from gear 18 and in the other from gear 17. When a brake 28 is released, the take-up drums are driven from the driving-shaft, according to its direction of rotation, of the withdrawing rollers through gears 15, 14, 13. In a control circuit, Fig. 2, a start-switch 41 starts the motor 21 through a contactor 45. By the time the motor has reached full speed, a circuit has been closed by a time-relay 46 to illuminate a signal lamp, whereupon the operator closes a second start-switch 43 on a control circuit for the clutches 22, 27 and 63 and brake 28, which includes main and auxiliary relays 50, 59 and timing relays 54, 55 56 whereby the spinning cycle is initiated to continue as above described. Stop-switches 42, 44 bring the parts to a stop on the sequence described. It is stated that the feed mechanism may comprise several pairs of rollers functioning as a drafting-set.
Patent GB-1226048-A (GB)
IPC: B65B13/06
Filed: 1968-12-06
Abstract: 1,226,048. Bundling apparatus. SIGNODE CORP. 6 Dec., 1968 [19 Feb., 1968], No. 58073/68. Heading B8C. Apparatus, for forming a loop of flexible strap " S " about an object 12 located at a strapping station and including a shoot 11 defining a strap travel path around the object at the station, is provided with main strap feed means 13 adjacent an entry region of the shoot and booster mechanism 30 for assisting the feed of the strap and including at least one tractionwheel for engagement with the strap intermediately along the shoot, the traction wheel being of multi-lobed configuration having alternate traction regions and relieved regions to provide an intermittent feeding action tending to vibrate and shake the strap to reduce friction. The shoot comprises a back up element 14 provided with spring biased side gates 15. The mechanism 30 comprises a motor M driving the lobed roller 31 through a slipping clutch, the motor being movable to the position shown dotted by hydraulic mechanism 34 to allow the strap to be stripped from the guide, tightened around the object and the overlapping ends of the strap sealed and cut. The booster roller is driven at a speed higher than that corresponding to the speed of feed due to feed means 13, to tension the strap.
Patent GB-1226328-A (GB)
IPC: C23C10/34
Filed: 1967-11-15
Abstract: 1,226,328. Sintered metal coatings: Chromizing steel. ALBRIGHT & WILSON Ltd. Nov. 6, 1968 [Nov. 15, 1967], No. 52067/67. Headings C7D and C7F. A ferrous substrate such as a strip is chromized by depositing on to the substrate a Cr containing metal powder and one or more additional Al and/or Si containing powders which contain Al and/or Si in a proportion of not less than 40% by weight of any Cr present in the additional powder, the overall weight ratio of Cr to Al and/or Si in the deposited powders being from 1: to 99:1, compacting the powder layer, preferably coating with ferrous halide or another halide and then heating. The Al and/or Si powders are preferably ferro alloys containing 20-50% Al remainder Fe and at least 20% and preferably 50% Si and the remainder Fe. The Cr containing powder is preferably a Fe-Cr e. g. 82% Cr-18% Fe and all the powders are minus 100 mesh (BS). The powders may be applied to the substrate separately or as a blended mixture and compaction is effected by rolling. The compacted coated strip is then passed through a solution ferrous chloride and ammonium chloride, dried, coiled, and heated in H 2  at 800‹ -1000‹ C.
Patent GB-1228099-A (GB)
IPC: B26F1/20
Filed: 1969-11-18
Abstract: 1,228,099. Slitting apparatus. J. BOBST ET FILS S.A. 18 Nov., 1969 [3 Dec., 1968], No. 56385/69. Heading B4B. A rotary cutting apparatus for forming slits on a continuously moving web 20 comprises a knife 16 mounted on a cylinder 14 and adapted to co-operate with a fixed knife 18, the edge of one of these knives being cut away or relieved except at those parts along its length where the web is to be slit. As shown in Fig. 2 several knives 16 are mounted on the cylinder 14 in a helical manner so that they effect a shear cut with the single fixed knife 18. In order that the lines of slits may be perpendicular to the direction of travel of the web, the cylinder is mounted on a plate 11 which is skewed as shown; a fine adjustment is provided by means of a screw- and-nut device 32, 36, 40, Fig. 2. The fixed blade 18, Fig. 5, is provided with relieved portions 62 thereby forming spaced cutting edge portions 64, alternatively the fixed knife may have a continuous cutting edge and the relieved portions formed on the knives 16. The web is fed by pairs of rollers 70, 72 and 74, 76 driven by common shaft 24 via gear boxes 78, 80; the shaft may also be connected to rollers of a printing press. In order that the slits may be correctly registered with printing matter on the web, a register device (27), Fig. 6 (not shown) is connected to a gear box (26) for the cylinder. A corrective motion is given to the cylinder by means of a motor (M 1 ) controlled by means of comparative signals picked up from the cylinder and the printing matter via, e.g. photo-electric scanning devices. In a modification, the correction between the cylinder and the web can be effected by means of a loop in the web which can be varied in length by a roller (90), Fig. 7 (not shown) being raised or lowered by a motor M<SP>1</SP> through a screw-and-gearing mechanism (92, 94, 96).
Patent GB-1228146-A (GB)
IPC: H01J61/54
Filed: 1967-06-20
Abstract: 1,228,146. Fluorescent discharge lamps. E. LOK. 12 June, 1968 [20 June, 1967], No. 28381/67. Heading H1D. [Also in Division H2] A fluorescent discharge lamp having a pair of external terminals 3, 4 comprises a pair of main electrodes 6, 7 and a pair of starter electrodes 8, 9 which are disconnected by contacts 12, 13 operated by a relay coil 10 included in a connection to a main electrode when the current through the coil reaches a set value. Main electrodes 6, 7 and starter electrodes 8, 9 are connected to a starting circuit comprising switch contacts 11, 12, 13, relay coil 10 and ballast resistor 17. Contacts 11 are initially maintained closed by a spring (not shown) to short circuit resistor 17, and contacts 12 and 13 are maintained closed by a magnet 15. Starting current flowing through coil 10 magnetizes an iron bar 16 so as to repel magnet 15 and open contacts 12 and 13 to disconnect starter electrodes 8 and 9. The main discharge current energizes coil 10 sufficiently to attract an armature which opens contacts 11 and brings resistor 17 into circuit. The components of the starting circuit form a plug-in unit which is mounted in an insulating tube 5 on the lamp axis. Resistor 17 and contacts 11 may be replaced by a permanently connected external resistor or choke. The lamp filling may consist of argon at a pressure of 4.5 torr. and mercury.
Patent GB-1229903-A (GB)
IPC: B65H55/00
Filed: 1969-02-18
Abstract: 1,229,903. Yarn cones. ASAHI KASEI KOGYO K.K. 18 Feb., 1969, No. 8721/69. Heading B8M. A process for producing a knitted article of spun yarn comprises winding the yarn in the form of a cone having a winding density of 0.13 to 0À41 g./cm.<SP>3</SP> on a take-up tube made of polypropylene resin and having an angle of taper on a conically peripheral face to a centre line thereof in the range 5 to 10 degrees and having a plurality of liquid-circulating holes therein, the process also comprising subjecting the resultant cone to a package dyeing by circulating a dyeing liquid from the interior to the exterior, then treating the resultant cone with a softening agent and a lubricating agent, and after drying the cone, supplying the dyed cone to a knitting machine for the yarn to be made up. The softening agent is preferably a cationic softening agent selected from tertiary alkyl amines, quaternary alkyl ammonium salts and quaternary alkyl pyridinium salts. The softening and lubricating treatments may be carried out in the same or separate baths.
Patent GB-1231425-A (GB)
IPC: A61C7/10
Filed: 1968-11-22
Abstract: 1,231,425. Orthodontic device. R. SCHIAROLI. 22 Nov., 1968 [23 Nov., 1967], No. 55486/68. Heading A5R. - An orthodontic device for-correcting minor dental anomolies comprises a tubular housing 7 closed at both ends, at least one rod 1 rotatable about its longitudinal axis in the housing, having a portion 2 arranged for engagement with an external tool through a cutout in the housing and having at least one thread tapped thereon, the or each thread carrying an internally threaded slider 3, 4 for movement axially of the associated rod upon rotation of the rod, the or each slider having at least one steel wire 5, 6 projecting radially of the rod through a slot in the housing parallel to the rod each wire being shapeable and anchorable to a tooth to be corrected. As described (Figs. 1, 5) the threads on a rod 1 are of opposite senses, the central portion 2 has holes 2a for engagement with a pointed tool so that on rotation of rod 1 teeth are drawn together. The device may be mounted on a dental plate.
Patent GB-1238840-A (GB)
IPC: C08J5/22
Filed: 1969-09-25
Abstract: 1,238,840. Cross-linked vinyl alcohol copolymers. RHONE-POULENC S.A. 25 Sept., 1969 [27 Sept., 1968], No. 47375/69. Heading C3P. An ungrafted copolymer comprising vinyl alcohol units and units of a vinyl monomer containing at least one tertiary nitrogen atom, crosslinked by poly-quaternary ammonium linkages of the formula where the indicated nitrogen atoms are nitrogen atoms of units of the vinyl monomer, R is a substituted or unsubstituted organic radical, and n is an integer of at least 2. In the examples vinyl acetate and 4-vinylpyridine are copolymerized in the presence of water, tertiary butanol and azobisisobutyronitrile and the copolymers saponified. These copolymers are dissolved in dimethylsulphoxide, reacted with 1,4 - dimethyl - 2,5 - bis(chloromethyl) - benzene or polyepichlorohydrin and cast into a membrane. The membranes may be treated with methyl iodide or benzyl chloride and acetalized using formaldehyde, sodium sulphate, sulphuric acid, water, n-butyraldehyde, hydrochloric acid, isopropanol and glyoxal.