Patent GB-614627-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the cooling and ventilation of rooms and buildings
IPC: F24F5/00
Filed: 1945-03-15
Abstract: 614,627. Cooling or heating buildings. SULZER FRERES SOC. ANON. March 15, 1945, Nos. 6505 and 6506. Convention dates, March 17, 1944, and Sept. 5, 1944. [Class 64(ii) ] Apparatus for cooling a room or building comprises panel equipment in the upper part of the room with means for passing a cooling medium through it and ventilating equipment for introducing air into the room or building with means for cooling the introduced air. The panel equipment used is that used in cold weather with a heating medium to warm the room. In room 20, Fig. 1, heat exchange panels including elements 8 through which cooling liquid may be circulated are arranged in the ceiling, and air may be introduced by fan 27, ducts 27' which include heat exchanger 13" and ventilating openings 30. Fan 27 may receive fresh air, used air from the room or a mixture of both. Heat carrying medium flows through elements 8, pipes 9, 10, 4<1>, pump 80, heat exchanger 14 and pipes 21 and 7. Heat absorbed in the room is removed in heat exchanger 14 by cold water flowing through main 11, valve 65, pipe 11<1>, distributor 12, pipe 13, exchanger 14, pipe 15 and drain pipe 16. If valves 631 and 28 are open and valves 81, 62, 29 and 82 closed, cold main water also flows through heat exchanger 13<11> to cool the ventilating air, and away through drain pipe 33. If valve 29 is opened and 28 closed, water from heat exchanger 13<11> flows through pipe 29<1> to sprinklers 32 on the roof above room 20, and thence to drain pipe 33. By opening valve 62 and closing valves 16<1> and 63<1> heat exchangers 14 and 13<11> may be arranged in series. A heat exchanger 1 connected to a boiler 1<1> is also provided and may be used with appropriate arrangements of valves for heating heat carrying medium and hence the panels and ventilating air. In Fig. 2 a modification is shown which includes a heat pump having a compressor 34 driven by motor 35, a condenser 37 and an evaporator 36. A volatile medium in closed circuit 34<1> is vaporised in evaporator 36 after passing throttle valve 361 having been compressed in 34 and liquefied in condenser 37. By opening and closing appropriate valves, heat exchanger 14 may then be supplied with water cooled in the evaporator 36 and'circulated by means of pump 87..Water from the mains may be supplied by pipe 88 and drain pipe 89 to carry away some heat from condenser 37. If desired the heat exchanger 13<11> may be connected in series or parallel with heat exchanger 14 and supplied with water cooled in evaporator 36. In cold weather condenser 37 may be used to heat a heat carrier medium which flows in a closed circuit including heat exchanger 13<11>. In this case the volatile medium in evaporator 36 is used to extract heat from water which flows into it from the mains and away through drain pipe 96. The heat carrying fluid in elements 8 may also be heated in condenser 37 if desired. In a modification of the invention heat exchanger 14 acts directly on the evaporator in the heat pump system. The cooling medium for the room is cooled in this heat exchanger and flows in series through heat exchanger 13<11> and elements 8. Water condensed from the ventilating-air in heat exchanger 13<11> is removed by pipe 105, Fig. 3 (not shown). Some of the heat carrier flowing through heat exchanger 13<11> may by-pass elements 8 which are accordingly not cooled to the same extent so that deposition of dew on them from the ventilating air is less likely. In a further modification heat exchanger 13<11> may act as condenser for part of the working fluid of the heat pump system and will then strongly cool the ventilating air from which condensed moisture is removed. A further heat exchanger is then arranged in the ventilating shaft to act as condenser for the part of the heat pump working fluid passing through heat exchanger 13". This re-heats the ventilating air to further lower its relative humidity and to make its temperature suitable for introduction into the room. The circuits of heat carrier in the systems are fitted with expansion devices which may be open or closed depending on whether the pressure in the circuit is atmospheric or higher. U.S.A. Specification 2,031,576 is referred to.