Patent GB-759136-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to detergent compositions
IPC: C11D3/22
Filed: 1952-03-04
Abstract: Detergent compositions contain a synthetic non-soapy detergent and a water-insoluble cellulose ether, with or without soap, the production of cellulose ether not exceeding 2 per cent by weight of the whole composition.  The preferred cellulose ether is an ethyl cellulose containing at least 2.5 ethoxy groups per glucose residue, but water-insoluble propyl, butyl and benzyl celluloses may also be used. The cellulose ether is preferably used in admixture with plasticizing and emulsifying agents, a specified plasticizer being dibutyl phthalate and specified emulsifying agents being fatty acid mono-esters of polyhydric alcohols, e.g. diglycol mono-laurate, mono-oleate and mono-stearate, glycerol monostearate, mannitan or mannide mono-oleate, mannide laurate and like esters of sorbitol, mannitol and dulcitol; a small proportion of methyl cellulose is preferably included, as an emulsion-stabilizing agent.  The synthetic detergent may be anionic or non-ionic, specified detergents being suphated, or sulphonated aryl-alkyl polyethers, e.g. sulphated condensation products of phenols with ethylene oxide; sulphated fatty acid esters, e.g. sulphated mono-esters of glycerol with fatty acids; alkyl-aryl sulphonates, e.g. sodium cetylphenol sulphonate, cetylnaphthalene sulphonate, dibutylnaphthalene sulphonate, kerylbenzene sulphonate or alkyldiphenyl sulphonates; sulphated fatty alcohols, e.g. sodium lauryl or stearyl sulphate; fatty acid taurides or methyl taurides, e.g. oleic, myristic or stearic tauride; sulphonated glyceride oils, e.g. sulphonated castor, tea-seed, olive, peanut, cotton-seed, rice-bran or fish oil; sulphonated lard, Japan wax or spermaceti; sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate; disodium monolauryl or mono-oleyl sulphosuccinate; disodium N-octadecyl sulphosuccinamate; tetrasodium N-octadecyl-N - (1. 2-dicarboxyethyl)-sulphosuccinamate; sodium cetyl or lauryl sulphoacetate; sodium stearyl sulphoproprionate; sodium secondary octyl or secondary cetyl suphate; sodium sulphoricinoleate; soduim sulphooleate; sodium tri (2-ethylbutyl) sulphotricarballylate; trisodium monostearyl sulphotricarboallylate; condensation products of fatty acids with polyamines and polyhydroxy polyamines; and condensation products of ethylene oxide with alkylphenols or fatty acids or the monoesters of fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols, e.g. sorbitan monostearate or monolaurate.  The soaps which may be used may be the alkali-metal or ethanolamine salts of fatty or resin acids.  Specified optional constituents of the compositions are sodium silicate; sodium phosphate, pyrophosphate or polyphosphate; sodium carbonate, tricalcium phosphate; whiting; abrasives, e.g. kieselguhr, emery, tripoli, silica, stannic oxide or rouge; gum acacia; gum tragacanth; gum arabic; gum shiraz; agar-agar; pectin; dextrin; starch; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; hydroxyethyl cellulose; polyvinyl alcohol; bees' wax; paraffin oil; petrolatum; castor oil; sorbitol; mono-, di-and tri-ethanolamine and tri-isopropanolamine; ammonium gluconate; gluconic acid; saccharic acid; polyhydroxyglutaric acids; d -gluconolactone; methylcyclohexanone glyceryl acetal; ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate; isothymol; and isopropyl alcohol.  The compositions may be made in powder, flake or cake form or may be deposited on a fibrous substrate, e.g. of hemp, cotton, synthetic fibres, paper, metal wool or mineral wool, to yield products useful for cleaning the hands or metal or other surfaces. The compositions may also be added to the beater in the manufacture of paper, to yield paper suitable for cleaning purposes.  Numerous examples are given in some of which synthetic detergents of different types are included in the same composition.  Specifications 437,590, 488,291, 529,040, 541,620, 646,434 and 666,130 are referred to.