Patent GB-1233324-A (GB)
IPC: H03L7/20
Filed: 1969-09-11
Abstract: 1,233,324. Combined radio receiving and transmitting systems; automatic frequency control; superheterodyne receivers. 11 Sept., 1969 [10 Oct., 1968], No. 44875/69 Headings H3A, H3Q and H4L. A transmitter-receiver for operation on any one of a plurality of channels includes a plurality of switches for altering potentials on selected ones of a plurality of conductors to provide a unique set of potentials for said conductors corresponding to each of a plurality of channels, a frequency synthesizer which is tunable to any one of said channels, means generating a sweep signal for causing the synthesizer, starting at a reference frequency, to sweep through a frequency spectrum; means for generating an impulse for each uniform decrement of the synthesizer occurring during said sweep, means for counting the impulses, means responsive to the potentials on the conductors and to the output of the counter for terminating the sweep at a frequency related to the setting of the switches and means for utilizing the output of the synthesizer as the carrier signal during transmission and as a local oscillator signal during reception. General arrangement, Fig. 1.-A frequency synthesizer 10 generates a VHF carrier as selected by a remote tuning control 11 which is amplified at 12 to drive a power amplifier 14 coupled to the aerial via coupler 15, filter 16 and relay 17. The carrier may be amplitude modulated via modulator 19 and amplifier 14, or frequency-modulated via modulator 23 supplying a signal to the synthesizer 10. For reception the aerial is disconnected from filter 16 by releasing switch 36 and coupled to amplifier 24 which is electronically tuned by an output voltage from the synthesizer 10. The output of amplifier 24 is mixed at 25 with an output from the synthesizer 10 differing by the IF frequency from the transmitted carrier frequency and supplied to a second mxer 27 together with the output of an oscillator 28, the resulting output being amplified at 29 and supplied to the appropriate detector (FM or AM) 31 or 32. When the switch 36 is pressed for transmission the synthesizer 10 is reset to a reference frequency below the lowest available carrier frequency and then sweeps upward in frequency until the required frequency is reached whereupon a circuit 37 supplies power to the amplifier 12 enabling the carrier to be transmitted. Thereafter the carrier frequency is controlled by a phaselocked loop. The frequency sweep is initiated by the first application of power, change of channel or changing from receive to transmit and vice versa. Frequency synthesizer, Fig. 2.-Assuming the switch 36 is depressed a start oscillator 43 supplies a reference frequency of 119.6 MHz, which differs by the IF frequency of the receiver from that which would be used for reception, which is supplied via gate 44, opened by a gate control 50 through a monostable device 49 operated by switch 36, to a mixer 45. The output of an oscillator 41 is also supplied to the mixer. Monostable 49 also starts a sweep generator 51 which via amplifier 52 and lead 42 sweeps the frequency from oscillator 41 through a pre-determined band. The starting frequency of oscillator 41 is arranged to be below the lowest channel frequency in the operating band and when it reaches 115.6 MHz the 4 MHz signal which appears at the output of tuned amplifier 46 is detected and shaped at 47 to operate gate control 50 to close gate 44 and open gate 53. A crystal-controlled oscillator 56 supplies a signal of frequency 3.2 MHz which is divided by sixteen at 58 to produce 0.2 MHz and supplied to a harmonic spectrum generator 54, the output of generator 54, consisting of frequencies spaced by 0.2 MHz being supplied via gate 53 to a voltage controlled filter 55 tuned by the voltage on lead 42 through a frequency band differing by 4 MHz from that of oscillator 41. Thus as the frequency from oscillator 41 increases under the control of the sweep voltage a series of pulses are produced at the output of detector 47 and these pulses are counted at 63 to obtain a numerical representation of a channel in the sequence of channels at any given time. To select a desired channel it is dialled on a remote tuning control 60 which comprises a plurality of multi-position switches corresponding to the number of variable integers in the band. Each switch is connected to a translator 61 by groups of wires sufficient to provide uniquely paired wire combinations distinguished by their potential, for each switch position. Logic circuitry in the translator 61 translates the signals from the marked wires into signals representing a numerical value denoting the required channel. These signals are compared at 62 with the output of counter 63 and when coincidence occurs the sweep generator 51 is switched from fast to slow and a gate 64 is enabled to supply the output of amplifier 46 to an in-phase detector 65 where it is compared with the output of a crystal oscillator 67. When the slow sweep has raised the output of detector 65 above a threshold level the sweep is stopped and further adjustment is provided by a quadrature phase detector 66 also receiving the output of oscillator 67 as a reference. Oscillator 67 operates at one of eight frequencies 4.000 to 3.825 MHz spaced by 25 KHz as determined by a diode switching matrix controlled by a frequency selector circuit 68 in turn controlled by the hundredths switch in control 60 and the X or Y function (even or odd tenths) from translator 61. This allows each 0.2 MHz interval to be sub-divided into eight channels spaced by 25 KHz and when the sweep generator 51 is stopped the output of detector 66 pulls in and holds the oscillator 41 at the required frequency. This means that the IF frequency to be passed by amplifier 46 comprises eight discrete frequenciesm 4.000 to 3.825 MHz and the amplifier is arranged to be tuned to the IF which prevails when the system is stabilized. A diode switch matrix 69 controlled by the hundredths selector of control 60 and the X output of translator 61 selects one of four voltages to control voltage variable capacitors in the tuned circuits of amplifier 46. For reception the operation of the synthesizer is the same and takes place whenever the switch 36 is opened. Opening the switch 36 switches in a reference frequency of 103.4 MHz and generates a pulse to trigger the reset circuit 49 to reset the synthesizer to its start position. This takes place also whenever the tuning is changed by control 60. Frequency modulation is provided by supplying the modulating signal to the amplifier 52.