Patent GB-856390-A (GB)
Title: Oil-soluble compositions containing organic barium salts
IPC: C10M159/22
Filed: 1959-01-06
Abstract: A paint contains an alkyd type enamel and vehicle and, as drier, an oil soluble composition obtained by heating a nitrated, solvent extracted, petroleum fraction, heptyl alcohol, mineral oil, water and barium oxide and after removing water by distillation, passing carbon dioxide into the heated mixture (see Group IV(b)).  Polyvinyl chloride plastic compositions contain dioctyl phthalate and an oil soluble product obtained by heating a nitrated polyisobutylene, heptyl phenol, toluene, water and subsequently carbon dioxide and removing water and toluene from the mixture by distillation. Polyolefines, e.g. polymers of olefines, e.g. polyisobutylene, polypropylene, polyethylene and copolymers of isobutylene, e.g. prepared from styrene, butadiene and isoprene are nitrated with 70% nitric acid, e.g. at elevated temperatures optionally in the presence of sulphuric or glacial acetic acid and phosphorous pentoxide.  The nitration products may contain in addition to aliphatic nitro compounds nitrate and nitrile esters or nitroso compounds.  The polyisobutylene may be prepared by polymerization of isobutylene at 0-30 degrees in the presence of boron trifluoride, aluminium chloride or a freeradical producing catalyst.  The products may be employed to prepare oil-soluble compositions containing stoichiometrically large amounts of barium by preparing a mixture containing one or more barium phenols, the barium salts of one or more of the nitrated hydrocarbons and barium oxide and/or hydroxide and treating the mixture with carbon dioxide at an elevated temperature to substantially reduce the tetralable basicity of the mixture (see Group IV(b)).ALSO:A process for the preparation of oil, soluble compositions containing stoichiometrically large amounts of barium comprises preparing a mixture containing one or more barium phenates, the barium salt(s) of one or more nitrated hydrocarbons, and barium oxide and/or hydroxide the constituents of the mixture being obtained from (a) one or more alkyl phenols or bis alkyl phenols derived from an alkyl phenol and an aldehyde or ketone having not more than six carbon atoms (b) from 0-1 to 5-0 equivalents per equivalent of (a) of a nitrated substantially aliphatic hydrocarbon and (c) at least two equivalents per equivalent of (a) and (b) taken together of barium oxide and/or hydroxide ; and treating the mixture with carbon dioxide at an elevated temperature to substantially reduce the nitratable basicity of the mixture.  The term "substantially aliphatic hydrocarbon" is defined to mean a hydrocarbon or mixture of hydrocarbons containing not more than 10 % by weight of atoms in aromatic rings and the term "substantially aliphatic" when applied to petroleum fractions and olefin polymers is to be correspondingly interpreted.  In the nitrated substantially aliphatic hydrocarbons" the nitro groups are attached to aliphatic parts of the molecule phenols specified include normal and branched chain butyl, heptyl, hexyl, octyl, dodecyl and octadecyl phenols, octyl and dodecyl naphthols, condensation products of formaldehyde and octyl phenol and heptyl phenol and acetone.  Hydrocarbons specified for the preparation of the nitro compounds include propane, decane, petroleum fractions, polyolefines, e.g. polymers of olefines, e.g. polyisobutylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, copolymers of isobutylene, e.g. those prepared from styrene, butadiene and isoprene.  The polyisobutylene may be prepared by polymerization of isobutylene at 0-30 DEG  in the presence of boron trifluoride or aluminium chloride or a free-radical producing catalyst may be employed.  The nitration may be carried out with 70% nitric acid, e.g. at elevated temperatures optionally in the presence of sulphuric or glacial acetic acid and phosphorus pentoxide.  The nitration products may contain in addition to the aliphatic nitro compounds, nitrate and nitrite esters or nitroso compounds examples are furnished.  The products are employed in asphalt emulsions and lubricating compositions (see Group III) and in paints and polvinyl chloride resin compositions (see Group IV(a)).ALSO:Aqueous asphalt emulsions contain as emulsifying agents oil-soluble compositions containing stoichiometrically large amounts of barium prepared by a process which comprises mixing one or more barium phenates, the barium salt(s) of one or more nitrated hydrocarbons and barium oxide and/or hydroxide, the constituents of the mixture being obtained from (a) one or more alkyl or bis alkyl phenols derived from an alkyl phenol and an aldehyde or ketone having not more than six carbon atoms, (b) from 0.1 to 5.0 equivalents per equivalent of (a) of a nitrated substantially aliphatic hydrocarbon and (c) at least two equivalents of (a) and (b) taken together of barium oxide and/or hydroxide and treating the mixture with carbon dioxide at an elevated temperature to substantially reduce the tetratable basicity of the mixture (see Group IV(b)).  An emulsion is described containing asphalt, water and a product obtained by heating nitrated polyisobutylene, heptyl alcohol and barium oxide whilst treating the mixture with carbon dioxide.  Lubricating oil compositions and greases contain as dispersants oil-soluble compositions of the kind defined above.  The preparation of mineral oil solutions of such compositions is described.