baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-249746-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to self preserving stock food and process for making thesame
IPC: A23K3/00
Filed: 1925-09-09
Abstract: 249,746. Grelck, W. P. M. Sept. 9, 1925. Lactic acid is manufactured from the maltose in a maltose liquor by-product produced in a process for making food for animals or from milk whey. When milk whey is used it is soured by adding a lactic acid bacteria starter and maintaining at a temperature of from 70‹F to 100‹ F.
Patent GB-918803-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the isomerisation of paraffin hydrocarbons
IPC: B01J21/04
Filed: 1960-06-28
Abstract: A process for the isomerization of C4 and higher paraffin hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range (i.e. C4 to 400 DEG F.) comprises contacting the hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising an aluminium halide and a metal selected from Group VIa or VIII of the Periodic Table, supported on Al2O3, the latter having been prepared by hydrolysis of an aluminium alcoholate to hydrated Al2O3 followed by calcination.  Preferably the aluminium alcoholate is aluminium isopropoxide.  Hydrolysis may be effected in a hydrocarbon solvent, e.g. benzene or toluene, suitable hydrolysing agents being water, aqueous ammonia or acetic acid.  The Group VIa or VIII metal (Pt and Pd are specified) may be incorporated in the catalyst at any stage, e.g. during or after the Al2O3 preparation, to a slurry or gel of hydrated Al2O3 or after calcination of Al2O3. Incorporation may be effected by precipitation of the metal from solution with H2S.  Specified aluminium halides are AlCl3 and AlBr3. If desired, a hydrogen halide, particularly HCl, or a compound giving rise to it under isomerization conditions may be added to the hydrocarbon feed. Examples are given.ALSO:A process for the isomerisation of C4 and higher paraffin hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range (i.e. C4 to 400 DEG F.) comprises contacting the hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising an aluminium halide and a metal selected from Group VIa or VIII of the Periodic Table (Pi and Pd are specified), supported on Al2O3, the latter having been prepared by hydrolysis of an aluminium alcoholate to hydrated Al2O3 followed by calcination.  Preferably the aluminium alcoholate is aluminium isopropoxide.  Hydrolysis may be effected in a hydrocarbon solvent e.g. benzene or toluene. Feedstocks of hydrocarbons to be treated preferably contain a major proportion of pentanes, hexanes or a mixture thereof.  The feedstocks are preferably free of sulphur, water and aromatic hydrocarbons.  Typical isomerisation conditions are: - Temperature 50-400 DEG F.; Pressure atmospheric-2000 p.s.i.g.; Space velocity 0.05-10 v/v/hr.; Hydrogen: hydrocarbon molar ratio 0.1-20:1.  If desired a hydrogen halide e.g. HCl or precursor therefor may be introduced into the isomerisation chamber. Examples describe the isomerisation of n-hexane.
Patent GB-1060377-A (GB)
Title: Cathode ray tube
IPC: H01J29/52
Filed: 1964-06-01
Abstract: 1,060,377. Cathode ray tubes. NIPPON COLUMBIA KABUSHIKI KAISHA. June 1, 1964 [March 2, 1964], No. 22595/64. Heading HID. In a cathode-ray tube having a high perveance electron gun provided with a first (10, Fig. 2) and second (11) grid electrodes, and having an anode (12), a focusing electrode and an accelerating electrode successively along the beam, the diameter (d 2 ) of the central aperture of the second grid electrode (11) is equal to or larger than the diameter (d 1 ) of the first grid electrode (10), and the axial length (t 2 ) of a central aperture of the second electrode is equal to or longer than the diameter (d 2 ) of the central aperture of the second electrode. Using cathode modulation this arrangement gives improved resolution, i.e. smaller beam spot size on the fluorescent screen. In an example, ground potential is applied to the first grid, 30-150Vto the secondgrid, 8-16KV to the anode and accelerating electrodes, and a signal of 0-50 V is applied to the cathode to modulate the beam.
Patent GB-1225045-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrochemical cells
Inventor: GILLESPIE PETER JAMES
IPC: H01M4/02
Filed: 1968-05-13
Abstract: 1,225,045. Latch fastenings. ENERGY CONVERSION Ltd. 12 May, 1969 [13 May, 1968], No. 22620/68. Heading E2A. [Also in Division H1] The anode 8 of a metal/oxygen cell has a catch 14 which releasably engages co-operating means 21 in the cell to hold the anode in position. As shown the catch comprises a member 16 on each side of the anode 8 integrally joined by U-shaped operating member 15. A wing piece 17 integrally formed at each end of each member 16 is welded to spigot 18 on the cap 9 of the anode 8 and comprises hook 19 on a weaker section 20 of the wing piece. When the anode is inserted into the cell the shaped lower edges of hooks 19 are engaged by spigots 21 inside the top of the cathode frame 1 causing sections 20 to flex so that spigots 21 enter the slots in wing pieces 17 when sections 20 return hooks 19 to their closed position holding the anode in place in the cell. To remove the anode operating member 15 is pulled upwards disengaging hooks 19 from spigots 21 so that the anode can be withdrawn for recharging. The catch 14 may be moulded from polypropylene. The side extensions 12 of the mouldings 1 act as reservoirs for electrolyte.
Patent GB-827334-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hop extracts and hopped beverages
IPC: C12C3/08
Filed: 1957-07-17
Abstract: An extract is prepared from hop cones which have their original water content and all their non-aqueous ingredients in their original condition, e.g. vine-fresh cones or dry frozen cones. According to an example, cones stored at - 20 DEG  C. are immersed in a pool of anhydrous methanol at about 50 DEG  C. to yield a methanol extract containing the a -, b - and g -resins and hop oil and including an aqueous phase containing the methanol-insoluble ingredients.  The liquid is separated from the residue by centrifuging, decanting or filtering and is then concentrated by external heating of the liquid in a thin rapidly flowing stream and under 75 to 175 mm. Hg pressure to produce a concentrate consisting of a methanol soluble/water insoluble resin phase and an aqueous phase of sufficient volume that most of the methanol insoluble/water soluble extracted material, e.g. hops tannin, dissolves.  On removal of the aqueous phase by centrifuging and salting out, a green viscous paste immiscible with water at 20 DEG  C. but readily dispersible therein at 50 DEG  C. is obtained.  This extract may be mixed in a liquid vehicle such as corn syrup for use in brewing, medicines or as a flavouring.  The brewing value of the extract, calculated as the percentage a -resin plus one-quarter the percentage of b -resin is in the range 36 to 40.
Patent GB-1387516-A (GB)
Title: Synthesis gas generation
IPC: C01B3/36
Filed: 1973-05-12
Abstract: 1387516 Combustible gas TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORP 12 May 1973 22749/73 Heading C5E [Also in Division F4] Synthesis, reducing or fuel gas is made by simultaneously injecting into a free-flow, non- catalytic gas generator from a burner having a central cylindrical passage 18, a single, intermediate, inwardly converging annular passage 16 and an outer, inwardly converging, annular passage 14: (a) a stream of free-oxygen-containing gas through passage 18 or 16, (b) a stream of normally liquid carbonaceous fuel through the passage 18 or 16 not carrying stream (a) above, and (c) a stream of temperature modifying gas (defined) or water droplets through passage 14, the streams being injected at disparate velocities and at an acute angle to each other to effect atomization and mixing at a finite distance downstream of the burner tip. The liquid carbonaceous fuel is butane, pentane, hexane, gasoline, kerosine, gas oil, naphtha, diesel fuel, crude oil, petroleum distillation residua, coal tar, tar sand or shale oil, an organic material containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, a slurry of a solid carbonaceous fuel or mixtures thereof. The temperature moderating gas may be steam, N 2 , CO 2 , or flue or off gas from an ore-reduction zone. The reaction is carried out at 1200‹ to 3500‹ F. under 1 to 275 atmospheres.
Patent GB-296402-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric regulators
IPC: H02P9/10
Filed: 1928-08-07
Abstract: 296,402. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., (Assignees of Park, R. H.). Aug. 31, 1927, [Convention date]. Regulation, automatic. -In. polyphase - circuit regulators comprising two contacts 8, 9, Fig. 1, one 9 vibrated by an electro - magnetic device 24, polyphase torque motors are provided for varying the action of the device 24 on the contact 9 and for varying the position of the other contact 8. The regulator may control the excitation voltage of a synchronous machine 1, torque motors 12, 26 being responsive to the voltages of the lines 2. The regulator maintains the line voltages constant on varying load and maintains synchronism for all balanced and unbalanced operating conditions including a short-circuit in any phase. Closure of the contacts 8, 9 shorts, through a relay or directly, a resistance 6 in the circuit of the shunt field winding 5 of an exciter 4 for the machine 1, the solenoid 24 operating against a spring normally to keep the exciter voltage of the machine 1 constant. The contact 8 is carried by an arm 10 on the spring-controlled rotor shaft of the polyphase, induction device 12, the stator coils 13 of the device 12 being connected to the lines 2 as shown. When the system 2 is unbalanced, the unbalanced voltages may be resolved into positive and negative phase sequence components, each a 3-phase balanced system : both of these components affect the regulator, the torque on the rotor 14 being proportional to the difference of the squares of these components. Movements of the arm 10 are damped, after a quick initial movement, by a dashpot 17 with springs 20, 21 between the piston 18 and its rod 19. To make the regulator more responsive as described in Specification 281,243, the polyphase device 26 similar to the device 12 is arranged as shown with the lever 11 secured to its spring- controlled rotor 28. The devices 12, 26 each comprise a laminated stator core 30, Fig. 2, between end-frames 31, 32, stator coils 13 producing a rotating field, and a rotor in the form of a squirrel-cage or hollow steel shell 14, the spring 15 being arranged in a casing 37 rotatably adjustable on the frame 32.
Patent GB-425607-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to building units
IPC: E04B1/61
Filed: 1933-08-15
Abstract: 425,607. Bricks &c. STRUCTURAL GYPSUM CORPORATION, 535, 5th Avenue, New Jersey, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Davis, C. F.; Westfield, New Jersey, U.S.A.) Aug. 15, 1933, No. 22823. Convention date, Sept. 13, 1932. [Class 87 (i)] A building unit for use as sustaining or partition walls, roofs, ceilings, &c., comprises a precast slab of gypsum or the like insufficient by itself to carry a load but bonded along at least two opposite vertical faces by metallic members capable of interlocking without keys to prevent relative movement. Numerous examples of interlocking are given such as continuous or interrupted tongues and grooves, deformable tongues, or modified dovetailing, enforcing sliding engagement of contiguous slabs. In one form, Fig. 1, a gypsum slab A which may contain fibrous fillers has two opposite edges reinforced by metal elements 2 folded back to form flanges 3, 4. Portions 7 on one element engage with slots 6 on the other. The metal elements are bonded by ears 8 to the slabs preventing relative movement. In all succeeding modifications the metal elements are bonded to the gypsum slabs by angular bends 12, Fig. 3. The metal elements may engage by projections 10 entering corresponding recesses 11 as shown. Several varieties of engaging are shown. In further modifications deformable metal tongues such as 40, Fig. 16 are made to engage recesses 41. Two somewhat similar tongues may be employed. The slabs A may further be reinforced by metal mesh insets. In other modifications, Fig. 31, projections 70 may engage keyhole slots 71. In another modification, Fig. 38, a filling 78 may be employed and in others various interengaging dovetail shapes 80, Fig. 46 may be used. In other cases the metal members may be inset in the slabs as at Fig. 48 or one edge may be seen as at Fig. 52. In Fig. 58 an example is shown where a device 127 is used to hang the slabs from a beam 131.
Patent GB-442444-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of cellulose
IPC: D21C3/02
Filed: 1934-08-07
Abstract: Cellulose is obtained from lignin-containing cellulosic materials by extraction with a caustic alkali solution of concentration above 6 per cent, or with another solution of equivalent alkalinity, at a temperature not exceeding 150 DEG C. and under a pressure greater than that produced by the solution at the temperature employed. The excess pressure may be obtained by means of compressed inert gases or by small quantities of ether or other volatile liquid; the excess pressure may amount to 50--500 lbs. per sq. in. Concentrations of caustic alkali of between 6 and 20 per cent are advantageous, for example, sodium hydroxide solutions of 10--12 per cent may be used. The temperature may be between 100 DEG C. and 130 DEG  C., but temperatures of 80 DEG  C. and lower may be employed, in particular temperatures up to 65 DEG  C. when treating chemical pulps from which the bulk of the lignin has been removed.  Prior to the treatment, the cellulosic materials may be treated with dilute alkali for the removal of the resins etc.; and subsequent to the treatment, the cellulose may be subjected to a hypochlorite or other bleaching treatment, or to final extraction with cold alkali, sulphur dioxide, &c. To facilitate the alkali treatment, the wood &c. may be in finely divided form; it may be subjected to a vacuum before contact with the treating liquid; and the materials may be agitated together during the treatment.  The product of the treatment is especially suitable for the manufacture of cellulose esters or ethers. Specifications 263,938, [Class 2 (ii)], 371,037, [Group VIII], and 427,626 are referred to.
Patent GB-893833-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to equipment for testing or monitoring radio apparatus
Inventor: CHARMAN FREDERICK JOHN HENRY
IPC: G01R31/28
Filed: 1957-07-18
Abstract: 893,833. Aerials; testing radio apparatus. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. July 8, 1958 [July 18, 1957], No. 22855/57. Classes 40(5) and 40(7).  In order to test or monitor radio apparatus connected to an aerial a screen is constructed and placed so as to effectively enclose the said aerial and means are provided within the screen for coupling the aerial to test apparatus. Fig. 2 shows a unipole aerial 3 mounted on a conductive surface 4 and connected by a coaxial line 2-5 to radio equipment 1. The test apparatus 9 is coupled to the aerial through an impedance matching transformer 8 and a screen 6 enclosing the aerial and having within it a coupling element 10. The screen 6 may have choke flanges 7 spaced a suitable distance from the surface 4 as shown or it may be directly coupled thereto. The coupling element 10 may be directly connected to the aerial or may be capacity coupled with it. As shown in the Figure it consists of one or more wires close to and parallel to aerial 3 which are coupled to it electromagnetically. This coupling forms a band-pass filter and transformer which can be used in place of or in addition to transformer 8. The length of the transformer is preferably a quarter wavelength but where it is not possible to achieve this length a capacitor 12 may be used to effectively lengthen it. In the constructional embodiment shown in Fig. 3 the unipole aerial 3 is surrounded by a sleeve connector 10 which has spring elements 19 making contact with the aerial at its root end. The screen 6 is temporarily attached to the aerial supporting structure by screws 17 and is conductively connected to it 14 by shaped conductive ring 15. The screen and connector are made in two parts held together by nut 18 and carry a coaxial socket 20 for the test apparatus. Capacity loading rings 21, 22 may be provided. Where the aerial is a slot aerial 23 in a conductive surface the coupling means may consist of a line 27 across the slot. If the line and the screening cavity 26 are half a wavelength long they may be coupled at the far end of the line as shown. An alternative form of slot coupling consists of an open circuit line lying parallel to and within the local field of the slot. In this case connection is made to the centre of the line. The screen may be made to fit any shape of aerial surrounding and a screen containing a coupling of the general type shown in Fig. 4 for use with a "Notch" aerial is described with reference to Figs. 6 and 7 (both not shown).
Patent GB-647961-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in non-contact-making relays
IPC: H03F9/02
Filed: 1947-08-18
Abstract: 647,961. Non - contact - making relays. BENDIX AVIATION CORPORATION. Aug. 18, 1947, No. 22863. Convention date, Sept. 30, 1946. [Class 40 (iv)] The supply of A.C. to a load 36 is controlled by a D.C. signal through a non-contact-making relay comprising primary and secondary windings 18-21 and 29-32 so arranged on two cores 10, 11 that there is no output unless the balance is destroyed by the saturation of one of the cores by the energization of the controlling windings 39, 40 by the D.C. signal. The primary windings 18-21 are wound to produce no flux in the centre limb and the secondary coils 29, 30 and 31, 32 are connected in opposition. Either of cores 10 or 11 may be saturated depending on the polarity of the controlling signal which determines whether the flux from the coils 39, 40 shall aid or oppose the standing flux due to the biassing-coils 45, 46. Consequently either of two outputs mutually displaced 180 degrees may be selected.
Patent GB-1598387-A (GB)
Title: Electronic watches
IPC: G04C3/14
Filed: 1978-05-25
Abstract: A miniature electronic timepiece whose analog-display time-indicating hands are driven by the rotor of a stepping motor actuated by low-frequency periodic timing pulses derived by frequency division from a high-frequency crystal-controlled time base. This motor, in addition to a stator coil wound on a core, includes an auxiliary coil wound on the same core to define a transformer whose primary is the auxiliary coil and whose secondary is the stator coil. To power the electronic watch, a voltage at a predetermined level is required, this being supplied by a converter formed by an electronic chopper interposed between the primary of the transformer and a d-c source whose output is at a different voltage level. The d-c voltage applied to the primary is periodically interrupted, the resultant a-c voltage yielded by the secondary being rectified to provide the desired power voltage. The rotor of the motor is braked immediately after the end of each drive pulse by means functioning to momentarily short circuit the stator coil.
Patent GB-353261-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to grinding mills
IPC: B02C17/04
Filed: 1930-07-29
Abstract: 353,261. Ball or tube grinding or crushing mills. HARDINGE CO., Inc., 122, East 42nd Street, New York, U.S.A.- (Assignees of Hardinge, H. ; York, Penn. sylvania, U.S.A.) July 29, 1930, No. 22874. Convention date, Aug. 30, 1929. [Class 59.] In a grinding mill having a rotary drum with an inlet and an outlet for an elastic fluid at one end thereof, the inlet surrounding the outlet, deflecting means are provided to direct the fluid along the walls oi the drum to remove ground material adhering thereto. As shown in the Figure, the deflector is a conical member 32 which is adjustably secured to the conduit 33 by bolts 36 which pass through elongated slots 37. The adjustment permits variations in the air velocity to be obtained. In other forms of the invention, the conical deflector is carried by webs from the drum lining 46, and may be formed in sections. The air velocity may then be varied by removing one deflector and fitting another of different size. The heavier particles of those entrained by the incoming air stream are projected thereby out of the reach of the outgoing stream, so that a separation is effected without the use of a classifier, which is of advantage when grinding coal for combustion. The degree of grind. ing is regulated by a sliding damper 47 which is operable by a pinion 48 engaging a bar 49, and is movable between one extreme position in which the opening 42 is closed and no air passes through the mill, the discharge consequently being checked, and another extreme position in which the opening 43 is closed and all the air passes through the mill and a heavy discharge is obtained. Swinging shutters 52 may be independently adjusted to regulate the size of the opening 43. Tramp material is removed from the hopper 50. The feed hopper end of the rotary drum may be sealed to prevent air from entering the drum at this end.
Patent GB-1203476-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polyamides
Inventor: SILLS STANLEY ALBERT
IPC: C08K5/51
Filed: 1968-05-14
Abstract: 1,203,476. Polyamide. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 2 May, 1969 [14 May, 1968], No. 22885/68. Heading C3R. A polyamide (A) comprises by wt.# 25 p.p.m. expressed as P, of a phosphonamide(B) R is aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or -NR 5 R 6  ; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6  are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic; or form with the N a heterocyclic group; or, except for R 6 , H. (A), which may be a copolyamide, is derived from a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine, a lactam, or aminocarboxylic acid, or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyhexamethylene adipamide poly - # - caprolactam, or polyhexamethylene suberamide. Any aliphatic group preferably contains > 12 C atoms in the chain. The aliphatic, cycloaliphatie, or aromatic groups may be substituted. (B) is not a dimeric P amide. B may be There may be > 500 p.p.m. (B). (A) may also contain viscosity stabilizers e.g. monoamines or monobasic acids, which control degree of polymerization. Excess diamine or dicarboxylic acid may be used for this purpose. (B) may be added before, after, or, preferably, during the polymerization. The product may be used to form films, fibres, and moulded products. Ultra-deep-dyeing fibres, readily taking up anionic dyestuffs, may be obtained e.g. by adding excess hexamethylene diamine, which (B) being present, can be used without causing an unduly low relative viscosity. 0-3% TiO 2  may be present. CH 3 COOH may be added as viscosity stabilizer to give final rel. viscosity of 40. Yarns have lower electrical resistance and improvided antistatic properties.