baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-999154-A (GB)
Title: Line tracing apparatus
IPC: B23K7/00
Filed: 1961-09-28
Abstract: 999,154. Photo-electric line follower. STEWART-WARNER CORPORATION. Sept. 28, 1961 [Oct. 10, 1960], No. 34947/61. Heading G1A. [Also in Division G4] The output signal form a line tracing apparatus incorporating two photosensitive areas on to which is simultaneously cast a modulated light beam reflected from different segments of the line to be followed is proportional to the angle between the line to be followed and a reference axis on the apparatus and also to the lateral displacement between the line and this axis. The apparatus (Fig. 1) comprises a sensing head 22 rotatably driven by a servo-motor 44 and is secured to a carriage 32 mounted on a second carriage 34. The carriages are movable along lead screws 36, 38 driven by servomotors 40, 42 respectively. The sensing head 22 is coupled to a work tool for example a gas torch 26. The light falling upon the photo-cell 56 (Fig. 5) within the sensing head is modulated by a mash 136 caused to vibrate electromagnetically. This mash is disclosed in Specification 995,421. Alternative forms of the mash are also disclosed (Figs. 2, 2a and 6 not shown). As shown in Fig. 3 the single photo-cell 56 has two sensitive areas 72a, 72b and a mash 62 vibrating as indicated by the line 84 with respect to the reference axis 76. Alternatively two separate photo-cells may be used. The output waveform (Figs. 4, 4a not shown) of each photosensitive area 72a, 72b is applied to a sum and difference amplifier comprising transistors 92a, 92b a transformer 108. The sum voltage developed across the centre tap 110 of the primary winding 106 is proportional to either the angular displacement of the line 77 to be followed from the reference axis 76 or to the lateral displacement between these lines depending upon the form and mode of vibration of the mask. The difference voltage developed across the secondary winding 112 of the transformer is indicative of the quantity not indicated by the sum voltage. The difference signal is amplified and applied to the servomotor 44 (Fig. 1) rotating the head 22. The sum signal is amplified and applied to one stator winding 122 of a rotary transformer 50. The other stator winding 124 which is in quadrature is supplied from the A.C driving the vibrating member. The rotor windings 128, 130 which are in quadrature and earthed at their midpoints provide the output voltages to drive the servomotors 40 and 42 after being suitably amplified.
Patent GB-199750-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of hydrazine
IPC: C01B21/16
Filed: 1921-12-29
Abstract: 199,750. Joyner, R. A., and Nobel's Explosives Co., Ltd. Dec. 29, 1921. Hydrazine. - In the production of hydrazine by reaction between ammonia and a hypochlorite in presence of a catalyst, a high concentration of ammonia is maintained at the point where the reaction takes place. Apparatus for the execution of the process comprises two towersections a, e, packed with pumice or similar material and divided by the trap c. The bottom section a is traversed by the iron tube g connected to a steamsupply and terminating in a blow-off i, and a connection j to the hydrazine-receiver k, or alternatively the sections a, e, may both be heated by the introduction of steam through the lead t. The middle section or trap c and the upper section e are provided with coils l, m, respectively. In operation, the bottom and middle sections are warmed, and ammonia solution of 18 per cent strength is poured down the top section until the trap c is full. When the temperature in the trap has risen to about 40‹ C. the reacting solutions, e.g. a 1.5 N. ammonia-solution containing 1.5 grs. glue per litre and a 0.8 N. sodium-hypochlorite solution are fed to the section e at constant and equal rates from the vessels p, q. The mixed solutions pass by the pipe n into the bottom of the trap c, where the reaction is completed, and trickle cut therefrom by the pipe d to the upper part of the section a. Here the excess ammonia is expelled, passing by the pipe v to the bottom of the top section, where it is re-dissolved in the reaction-mixture, while hydrazine liquor collects in the receiver k. Generally it is necessary to cool the liquor in the trap c to maintain the desired temperature of 40-45‹ C.; the concentration of ammonia in the trap is thus maintained at about 18 per cent. The glue used as catalyst is preferably prepared by boiling two litres of 20 per cent glue solution containing 65 gms. of hydrochloric acid gas under reflux for one hour, and then adding sodium hydroxide until the mixture is alkaline to phenol-phthaleine. Specification 139/08, [Class 2, Acids and salts, Organic &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-907791-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in bearing surfaces
Inventor: WELLS JAMES
IPC: F16C33/12
Filed: 1959-10-15
Abstract: 907,791. Bearings. ROLLS-ROYCE Ltd. Jan. 13, 1961 [Oct. 15, 1959], No. 34982/59. Class 12 (1). [Also in Group XXIV] A bearing surface is impregnated with a dispersion of discrete particulate material such as diamond, sapphire, ruby, silicon, carbide, or corundum. Sharp-edged diamond powder is preferred as the impregnating material and two surfaces of equal hardness are lapped together, the powder being suspended in paraffin for example. The powder keys into the surfaces and the projecting edges of the particles are removed by continued lapping. The contacting surfaces of gear-wheels can also be impregnated with particulate material.
Patent GB-325842-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in setters employed for firing china
IPC: F27D5/00
Filed: 1928-11-30
Abstract: 325,842. Robinson, H. T. Nov. 30, 1928. Saggers.-A setter for use in firing plates and other flat china ware is provided with an upstanding outer flange a<4> on its upper surface in order to retain the powdered flint bedding material which is placed on the upper surface of the setter. A bedder is employed to shape the upper surface of the powdered flint to accommodate the plate &c., and also to compact the powdered flint which is applied above the plate &c. A ring of china or porcelain is placed above a bedded plate. The setters are stacked in sets: of four.
Patent GB-1517448-A (GB)
Title: Alkali-resistant glass compositions
IPC: C04B14/42
Filed: 1976-08-25
Abstract: 1517448 Alkali-resistant glass AGENCY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 25 Aug 1976 [15 July 1976] 35315/76 Heading CIM Alkali-resistant glass consists essentially of, by weight:- SiO 2  40-55% Al 2 O 3  6-12% CaO 8-30% R 2 O 3- 6% ZrO 2  3-10% ZnO 2-20% Fe 2 O 3  0- 7% where R 2 O is one or more alkali metal oxides. Preferably R 2 O is a mixture of Na 2 O and K 2 O. The glass, which may be formed into fibres for use in reinforcing cement, may be made by fusing a mixture of (by weight) 60-73% of vitreous volcanic rocks or ejecta, 8-26% CaO, 3-10% ZrO 2  and 2-20% ZnO. The rock may be andesite, rhyolite, obsidian, perlite, pitchstone, welded tuff or pumice. The ZrO 2  may be supplied as zircon sand, and the CaO as limestone, quicklime or slaked lime.
Patent GB-1397091-A (GB)
Title: Process and solution for the sensitization of substrates  for electroless metal deposition
IPC: C03C17/10
Filed: 1972-07-28
Abstract: 1397091 Sensitization of substrates KOLLMORGEN CORP 28 July 1972 [29 July 1971] 35320/72 Heading C7F In sensitizing an insulating base, the base is first contacted with a solution of a reducible metal salt and a secondary reducing agent which is incapable of reducing the metal salt at the pH of the solution, and then contacted with a solution of a primary reducing agent to effect the reduction. The metal salt may be cupric acetate, cupric nitrate, cupric sulphate, nickel sulphate, nickelous chloride, cobaltous acetate or ferrous sulphate. The secondary reducer may be formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, trioxane, glyoxal, dimethylhydantoin or trioxymethylene. The salt solution may also contain a complexing agent selected from Rochelle salt, salts of aminoalkanoic acids, salts of nitrilotriacetic acid, gluconic acid and gluconates and alkanolamines; and a metal accelerator selected from compounds of Ag, Pd, Au, Hg, SnCl 2  , CoCl 2  NiCl 2  and ZnCl 2  The primary reducer comprises a solution of a borohydride, a substituted borohydride, or an amine borane. Suitable solvents for the metal salt include water, dimethyl formamide, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, n-butanol, and 1,1,1-trichloroethylene. The treated base is subsequently electrolessly plated, e.g. with Cu.
Patent GB-487823-A (GB)
Title: Splint for medical purposes and packing therefor
IPC: A61F5/058
Filed: 1937-12-21
Abstract: 487,823. Splints. KOHL'S SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, Ltd. Dec. 21, 1937, No. 35387. Convention date, Dec. 22, 1936. [Class 81 (ii)] A splint consists of a thin flexible band 1 preferably of steel, which is either curved transversely prior to use or is adapted to shape itself to the concave form, having suitable fixing devices 4 to retain it in the concave form. These fixing devices which may be separate from or attached to the splint, have hooks formed on them engaging with slots 2 in the splint when it is bent to the concave form. Diagonal fixing devices may also be used in order to render the splint resistant to torsion. A series of holes 3 may be punched in the splint for attachment purposes. The splint may be rolled up in a container 6 having a rotatable inner member to which one end of the splint is attached, the splint being wound round the said member and the free end protruding from a slot 8 in the wall. The splint may be bent to the required form by means of a shaping device 9 attached to the container, through which the splint passes. The clips if attached to the splint automatically engage the slots 2 or if loose can be applied easily by hand. Or a reservoir may be attached to the shaping device, from which clips fall automatically into position on the splint. Containers are also described wherein the splint is withdrawn from the inside of the coil. A rubber sheath may be applied to the free ends of the splint to prevent injury to the patient from sharp edges.
Patent GB-1001584-A (GB)
Title: A thermo-pile
IPC: H01L35/08
Filed: 1962-09-17
Abstract: 1,001,584. Thermo-electric devices. SIEMENS SCHUCKERTWERKE A.G. Sept. 17, 1962 Sept. 19, 1961], No. 35388/62. Heading H1K. A plurality of alternate p and n type thermoelectric limbs are held in spaced relationship by means of insulating material except at their " hot " and " cold " ends whereat the material of the limbs is arranged to bridge over the insulating material in order to provide thermoelectric junctions. A p-type alloy is made by fusing together 30 mol per cent Bi 2 Te 3 , 70 mol per cent Sb 2 Te 3 , 3% by weight of Te and 0.075% Pb in a quartz tube while an n-type alloy is similarly made from 80 mol per cent Bi 2 Te 3 , 20 mol per cent Bi 2 Se 3  and 0.075% by weight of CuBr. The alloys are powdered, then compressed in order to form the bridging portions and finally sintered in pure hydrogen at a temperature of 380 C. The thermo-electric limbs B, B<SP>1</SP> so formed are introduced alternately into a mould, and the interstices 20 filled with an epoxy resin, glass in compacted or porous form or organic or inorganic foils such as paper or asbestos. The block is then sliced and the slices are used to construct a thermopile (Figs. 14 and 15, not shown). The " PN " junctions may be reinforced by layers of Cu, Ni, Fe, Mo, Ag or A1 which may be applied by vapour coating, electrodeposition, spraying or adhesive application of metal foils. Alternative shapes for the limbs are discussed with reference to Figs. 2-13 (not shown). The device may be used as a refrigerating unit or as a thermoelectric generator.
Patent GB-987963-A (GB)
Title: An apparatus for the polycondensation of polyamide-forming compounds
IPC: B01J19/14
Filed: 1963-09-06
Abstract: 987,963. Polycondensation reactors. VEREINIGTE GLANZSTOFF-FABRIKEN A.G. Sept. 6, 1963 [Sept. 6, 1962], No. 35394/63. Heading B1X. An apparatus for condensing polyamideforming compounds comprises a vertical vessel 1 which can be heated to different temperatures at different levels (by means of heating liquids in stages 2, 3 and 4), supply devices 8 for an inert steam-stripping gas extending from above to a lower, part of the vessel, a downwardlyfacing bell 5, gas discharge devices 10 in the upper, closed end of said bell and a ring 7 shaped to deflect gases into said bell. The numerals refer to the illustrated and preferred arrangement which also shows the presence of baffles 18 above and below the bell and an immersion device 15, by which the level of the polymer in the bell may be controlled, in communication with the bell via condenser 11 and separator 12. A U-tube 16 serves as a level indicator. By means of the apparatus, water formed in a later stage of polycondensation is stripped to improve this stage whilst avoiding dehydration in the upper part of the vessel where water is required, e.g. for the splitting of a caprolactam ring.
Patent GB-1011986-A (GB)
Title: Production of ethylene copolymers
Inventor: NAARMANN HERBERT
IPC: C08F22/36
Filed: 1962-09-18
Abstract: Copolymers of ethylene with up to 50% by weight of one or more polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compounds that are non-gaseous under the conditions of polymerization, at least 1% by weight of the total monomers being a carboxylic amide ethylenically unsaturated in the a ,b  position to the carboxylic amide group and if desired, substituted on the amide nitrogen atom, are obtained by polymerizing, in the presence of free radical catalysts, at pressures from 50-600 atmospheres and at temperatures between 50 DEG  and 200 DEG  C. in a trickle-type reactor or a coil-type reactor, by contacting the ethylene with a thin layer of the polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compound, which layer contains also the catalyst used.  The copolymers produced by this method are waxy and may be readily emulsified in water. Carboxylic amides used are the amide of maleic acid, N-methylol derivatives of carboxylic acids, and alkyl ethers of the above.  A long list of vinyl and vinylidene compounds suitable as co-monomers is supplied.  Examples relate to the polymerization of ethylene with (1) acrylamide, (2) N-methylol methacrylamide, (3) N-methylol methacrylamide butyl ether, (4) crotonamide, (5) imide of maleic acid, (6) acrylamide and methyl acrylate, (7) methacrylamide and vinyl acetate, (8) N-methylol methacrylamide and ethyl acrylate, (9) N-methylol acrylamide methyl ether, or ethyl ether or hexyl ether, (10) monoamide of maleic acid, (11) N,N1-dimethylol diamide of maleic or fumaric acid, (12) N-hydroxyethyl monoamide of maleic acid.
Patent GB-363104-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in attaching purses, cases or holders to the person
IPC: A45C1/04
Filed: 1930-11-26
Abstract: 363,104. Attaching purses &c. to hand &c. TICHBON, A. C., Little Grange, Westdene, Coombe Lane, Bristol. Nov. 26, 1930, No. 35539. [Class 43.] In suspension means for purses, cases, or holders of the type wherein the purse or the like is suspended between the wrist and a finger by one or more adjustable straps A, these straps, which alternatively may be thongs, laces, or chains, run through the body of the purse or the like by the provision of double eyelets B in the body. A crescent, oval, or like shaped cut-out D may be provided to accommodate the finger. Crossing of the thongs at C may form a grip for tram tickets and the like. Where chains are used, they may be attached to a ring and a bracelet.
Patent GB-1165669-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the Cross-Linking of Ethylene Polymers.
IPC: C08L23/06
Filed: 1967-01-16
Abstract: 1,165,669. Cross-linking ethylene polymers. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 16 Jan., 1967 [17 Jan., 1966], No. 35544/68. Divided out of 1,154,302. Heading C3P. A process for producing a cross-linked polymer of ethylene e.g. polyethylene comprises incorporating in a polymer of ethylene, 0.1 to 40% based on the weight of the ethylene polymer, of an epoxidized polyolefine and thereafter subjecting the mixture of ingredients to conditions whereby free radical cross-linking of the polymer of ethylene is effected by high energy radiation to generate free radicals. The epoxidized polyolefines are preferably derived from polymers and copolymers of conjugated dienes e.g. butadiene, isoprene, piperylene, 2: 3-dimethyl - 1: 3 - butadiene, 1: 3 - hexadiene, 2: 4- hexadiene, 2: 4 - heptadiene and 2: 4 - dimethyl-1: 3-hexadiene. The radiation is preferably in the form of high energy electrons.
Patent GB-1388030-A (GB)
Title: Decalcomanias
IPC: B44C1/17
Filed: 1972-04-27
Abstract: 1388030 Decalcomania PICTORIAL PRODUCTIONS Inc 27 April 1972 [30 April 1971] 35626/74 Divided out of 1388029 Heading B6C A transfer which can be used to decorate non-planar ceramic articles comprises a substrate and two deformable films with a design layer between them, the compositions of the two films being such that in one temperature regime one film is adhesive and the other non- adhesive, but in a second temperature regime the adhesive qualities of the films are reversed. In use a transfer is picked up on a heated deformable member, at a temperature at which the film near the heated member is adhesive and the film against the substrate non-adhesive so that, the substrate detaches. Cooling causes the previously non-adhesive film to become adhesive, and the previously adhesive film to become non-adhesive, so that the films and design layer adhere to a ceramic article and detach from the deformable member.
Patent GB-762001-A (GB)
Title: Sulfite ester synthetic lubricants
IPC: C07C301/00
Filed: 1953-12-23
Abstract: The invention comprises sulphite esters suitable for use as lubricants (see Group III), having the general formula <FORM:0762001/IV(b)/1> wherein A-O- and B-O- represent the residues of oxo alcohols or of the reaction product of an oxo alcohol with an alkylene oxide, the esters having between 20 and 120 carbon atoms, an A.S.T.M. pour point below 35 DEG F., a flash point above 300 DEG F. and a kinematic viscosity of 2 to 60 centistokes at 210 DEG F.  They may be prepared by reacting 2 mols. of an appropriate alcoholic compound, or mixtures thereof, with thionyl chloride, if desired in the presence of a tertiary amine, e.g. dimethyl aniline or pyridine, or the thionyl chloride may be reacted with one molar amount of alcoholic compound and the product reacted with a further molar amount of the same or different alcoholic compound.  The alcoholic compounds may contain up to 60 carbon atoms.  The preferred oxo alcohols are those which contain 3 to 20 carbon atoms, especially those having 8-20 carbon atoms and derived from olefine polymers. The preferred alcoholic compounds are the reaction products of the oxo alcohols with alkylene oxides.  In examples: (1) thionyl chloride is added portion-wise to excess of C10 oxo alcohol at 25-45 DEG C., and thereafter the temperature is raised to 100 DEG C. and the resulting ester is washed and recovered by distillation in vacuo; (2) the sulphite ester of a C13 oxo alcohol is prepared in like manner; (3) a C13 oxo alcohol is reacted with 3.2 mols. ethylene oxide, then esterified as in (1) and stripped in vacuo; (4) as in (3) using 6.8 mols. ethylene oxide.ALSO:Lubricating compositions comprise one or more sulphite esters of the formula <FORM:0762001/III/1> wherein A-O- and B-O- are oxo alcohol residues or residues of the reaction product of an oxo alcohol with an alkylene oxide, e.g. ethylene or propylene oxide, the ester having between 20 and 120 carbon atoms, an A.S.T.M. pour point below 35 DEG F., a flash point above 300 DEG F. and a kinematic viscosity of 2 to 60 centistokes at 210 DEG F.  The sulphite esters of C8-20 oxo alcohols are preferred.  The esters may be used with detergent additives, pour point depressors, oxidation inhibitors, viscosity index improvers and other like additives.  The esters may also be used as base oil in metal soap, lubricating greases.  Examples (1)-(4) describe the preparation (see Group IV(b)) and lubricating properties of the sulphite ester of C10 oxo alcohol, C13 oxo alcohol and the product of C13 oxo alcohol with 3.2 or 6.8 mols ethylene oxide.  In Example (5) a preformed lithium soap of hydrogenated fish oil acids and crotonic acid containing excess lithium oxide or carbonate is heated with C10 oxo sulphite, then phenyl a -naphthylamine is added and the resulting grease is cooled. In Examples (6)-(8), in like manner, greases are prepared from lithium stearate, lithium hydroxy stearate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate and phenyl a -naphthylamine and a C10 oxo sulphite or C13 oxo sulphite.
Patent GB-738257-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to space-charge wave detector tubes
IPC: H03D7/20
Filed: 1953-12-23
Abstract: 738,257. Space charge wave tubes. COMPAGNIE GENERALE DE TELEGRAPHIE SANS FIL. Dec. 23, 1953 [Dec. 24, 1952], No. 35827/53. Class 39 (1). [Also in Group XL (c)] A crossed field space charge wave detector tube comprises a delay line facing a negative electrode, followed by two electrodes not forming delay lines to one of which an output resistor is connected for taking off the demodulated high-frequency energy, said latter two electrodes amplifying the space charge wave as set out in Specification 692,705, the trans- E verse variation (across the beam) of - necessary H for the operation of the tube being achieved by the presence of the travelling space charge wave (which is pre-amplified by the interaction between the beam and the input delay line). In one form, Fig. 1, the tube comprises gun 2, 4, 5, 6, input delay line 8, electrodes 11, 12 which are not constructed as delay lines and collector 17. It is stated that the beam current striking positive electrode 11 is directly proportional to the signal amplitude so that the device can be used as a detector, the detected voltage appearing across resistance Rp. The use of electrode 12 as a detecting electrode while possible is stated to be undesirable since it is liable to emit secondaries towards more positive electrode 11. The tube may also be used as a mixer, Fig. 5 (not shown), if two waves of frequencies F 1  and F 2  are fed to the input through individual coaxial lines. The sum or difference frequency appears across resistor Rp. At least one and preferably both electrodes 11, 12 are insulated from the other electrodes. Specification 738,256 also is referred to.
Patent GB-1372351-A (GB)
Title: Packaging
IPC: B65D3/22
Filed: 1971-10-01
Abstract: 1372351 Making containers and lids THOMAS REED & CO Ltd 1 Oct 1971 [23 July 1970] 35828/70 Heading B5D [Also in Division B8]  A carton having a tubular wall part of cylindrical form and comprising a layer of corrugated paper laminated between inner and outer linings is formed by laminating at least one of the linings 2, 4 to the layer of corrugated paper 1 after the corrugated paper has been tubed. Both linings may be laminated in situ or alternatively the outer lining 4 may be laminated in situ to a pre-formed laminate of the corrugated paper 1 and the inner lining 2. In one embodiment the carton includes an end closure member 8 which is formed of double faced corrugated material, and adhered to the tubular wall part so that the edge of the closure member is covered by the outer lining 4. In a second embodiment (Fig. 5) the end closure member comprises an adhesively secured heavy wooden plug which has a peripheral projection completely covering the adjacent edge of the tubular wall part. The closure member may also be of die pressed materials shaped to provide strengthening ribs. The outer lining 4, which is of chipboard, is colour printed. The carton may be of circular or oval cross-section or of generally triangular, or rectangular cross-section having rounded corners. The carton may be constructed as a lid 13 or a container. The lid may be sized to telescope over the container or sized to abut the upper edges of the container, as shown, in which case a further lining 11 is fitted in the container. An apertured card (11, Fig. 3) for locating the stems of wine glasses may be supported inside the carton by a loosely fitting ring (10) of corrugated cardboard.