baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1508995-A (GB)
Title: Digital data transmission systems
IPC: H04L25/497
Filed: 1974-05-17
Abstract: 1508995 Telegraphy POST OFFICE 30 April 1975 [17 May 1974] 22038/74 Heading H4P In a digital data transmission "multiple response" system wherein each signal element gives rise to output elements at more than one discrete instant spaced apart by an integral number of the time intervals between adjacent signal elements so that output elements from different signal elements are produced simultaneously and superimposed, the conversion from signal element to output elements takes place only in a receiver of the system. The system described is a "dual response" system where each signal element results in equal and opposite outputs spaced by two unit intervals - a "1,0, - 1" system. An m-level input signal gives rise to an output signal having 2m - 1 levels. Precoding using modulo-m addition may be used, the output then representing the source data directly modulo-m. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, binary signals a j  are precoded 2-4 according to b j =a j #+b j-2 , then transmitted 6-14 by radio, waveguide or cable (using vestigial sideband) to a delay 16 and subtractor 15 which produces an ouput c j  = b j  - b j-2  which is such that c j #a j , M(2). The output 17 is a 3- level signal in which "O" is reproduced as a centre level and "1" is reproduced as Œ 1. In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the input signal 1 is scrambled 21 then converted to quaternary form 23 before being precoded (modulo-4 addition). the resulting signal (2-bit parallel Gray code) is fed to a D/A converter 24 then transmitted 5-14 to a transversal filter 29, Fig. 3. This includes a tapped delay line 41A-E connected to an amplifier 42 to produce a 7-level output after superimposition of the dual response outputs (m=4, so 2m-1=7). These levels are converted to a 4-level signal by means of a circuit 48, Fig. 4 (not shown), then compared with the required quantization levels at 49, Fig. 5 (not shown) to derive an error signal which is sampled 51, Fig. 6 (not shown) and used to control attenuators 43A-E connected to the taps of the delay line (Fig. 7, not shown). The corrected output from 49 is fed to a regenerator 55, thence to a quaternary/binary converter 30 and a descrambler 31 to produce the final output 17.
Patent GB-1097748-A (GB)
Title: Cigarette filter
IPC: A24D3/08
Filed: 1966-05-18
Abstract: A filter tip cigarette has a filter element comprising a matt or web of fibres composed of a polymer of acrylonitrile wherein the average diameter of acrylonitrile polymer fibres ranges from 0.5-10 microns, and is preferably about 3 microns.  The polymer of acrylonitrile comprises at least 85% by weight of acrylonitrile and may be an interpolymer of acrylonitrile and up to 15% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerisable therewith, e.g. vinyl acetate.
Patent GB-985581-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of alkylnaphthalene concentrates
IPC: C10G21/04
Filed: 1962-06-07
Abstract: Alkylnaphthalene concentrates suitable for dealkylation are obtained from a gas oil fraction, e.g. boiling mainly in the 440-515 DEG  F. range, by countercurrently extracting with a furfural solvent, preferably saturated with water, diluting the resultant extract with 0.15-2.5 vols. of furfural solvent (per vol. of hydrocarbons in the extract) and countercurrently contacting the diluted extract with a C5-C8 saturated hydrocarbon and separating an alkylnaphthalene concentrate from the furfural phase.  The furfural extraction may be effected at 10-150 DEG  F. with 0.75-7 vols. of solvent per vol. of total aromatics in the gas oil.  In a preferred embodiment the diluent furfural is split into two parts, one part is added to the extract from the first stage in an amount of at least 15% vol. based on the extract and the diluted extract fed to a midpoint of a counter-current contacting column, the C5-C8 saturated hydrocarbon is fed at the bottom and the remaining furfural at the top. The latter extraction is effected at 10-150 DEG  F. with 0.5-2 vols. of saturated hydrocarbon per vol. of hydrocarbons in the diluted extract.
Patent GB-206270-A (GB)
Title: An improved two-stroke internal combustion revolving cylinder engine
IPC: F02B75/02
Filed: 1922-08-15
Abstract: 206,270. Watt, S. J., (Wright, W. W.). Aug. 15, 1922. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Valves.-In two-stroke revolving-cylinder engines provided with floating pistons movably guided in the main pistons so that the charge is induced between the floating and main pistons when the former are allowed to move outwards under the action of centrifugal force, means are provided for locking the pistons together during a certain period of each cycle, and oscillating sleeve valves, in conjunction with the pistons, control the induction and exhaust. Floating pistons 71 are formed with stems 77 arranged to slide in the main pistons 72, and, during the firing period, are locked to the main pistons by the engagement of catches 94 on the connecting- rods 86 with recesses 78 in the stems 77. At a certain point in the down-stroke, the catch 94 becomes disengaged from its recess, whereupon the floating piston is thrown outwards and draws mixture into the space between the pistons from the crank case through annular spaces 50, ports 49 and recess 51 in the sleeve valve 48, ports 51a in the cylinder liner 9, and recesses 84 in the main piston. At the same time, the floating piston forces out the exhaust through ports 66, Fig. 6, in the sleeve valve, ports 67 in the liner 5, space 8, and passages 13 leading to silencer rings 69. When the floating piston reaches the top of its stroke, the exhaust ports are closed by rotation of the sleeve valve, and the charge between the pistons is transferred into the hollow space in the top of the piston 71 through ports 68 in the liner 9 and ports 76 in the piston 71. Before the. explosion occurs, the catch 94 re-engages in the recess 78 so that the pistons are locked together. Ball bearings 53 are fitted in the upper edges of the sleeve valves. Valve-gear.-The sleeve valves are provided with toothed segments 52, Fig. 3, one of which engages a rack 54 actuated bv a roller 60 engaging between cams 64 on the crank-shaft.
Patent GB-393434-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to two-stroke internal combustion oil engines
IPC: F02B25/00
Filed: 1932-08-08
Abstract: 393,434. Oil engines. ABRAMSON, A., 27, Premyslovska, Prague. Aug. 8, 1932, No. 22233. [Class 7 (iii).] In a two-stroke-cycle engine having a spherical combustion chamber 4 which communicates with the cylinder 1 through an oblong channel 7, the wall of the channel at its lowest part is reduced to a minimum to form a tonguelike structure 8 lying between the combustion chamber and the cylinder. The breadth of the channel is “-<1>/3 the diameter of the compression chamber. The chamber 4 is fitted with a sparking plug 5 and a fuel injector 6.
Patent GB-239853-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the generating of electricity by means of asynchronous generators
IPC: H02J3/14
Filed: 1925-09-07
Abstract: 239,853. Siemens - Schuckertwerke Ges. Sept. 10, 1924, [Convention date]. Drawings to Specification. Protective arrangements.-An asynchronous generator is adapted to be switched on to a substitute load when the voltage of the mains fails, so as to prevent the speed of the generator from rising beyond that corresponding to the peak of the slip-torque curve. The invention is particularly applicable in the case of an asynchronous machine fed from a rotary field exciter. Relay mechanism is operated to insert the artificial load when the voltage of the machine rises as a result of increased speed.
Patent GB-1432248-A (GB)
Title: Suspension boxes for pit arch girders
IPC: E21F13/00
Filed: 1973-05-10
Abstract: 1432248 Handling girders DURHAM DRILLING & ENG CO Ltd 10 May 1974 [10 May 1973] 22306/73 Heading B8H Pit arch girders are packed into a suspension box comprising a cradle and a top case connected by tensioned cables and the box is suspended below a mine shaft lift for transporting the girders to the required level. In the figure, the suspension box comprises a lower cradle provided with eyes 2, 3 on each side through which cables 4, 5 pass to connect the lower cradle to the top case 10, the cables there being tensioned. The top case is shaped to match the top end of the girders and is provided with eyes 12, 13 to receive the tensioning cables 4, 5 at each side and further eyes in suspension plates 14, 15, to which a suspension sling is attached in order to suspend the box below the lift.
Patent GB-497143-A (GB)
Title: A bung closure for metal containers
IPC: B65D39/08
Filed: 1938-07-28
Abstract: 497,143. Bung bushes. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP DE VEREENIDGE BLIKFABRIEKEN. July 28, 1938, No. 22454. Convention date, Sept. 27, 1937. [Class 21] A bung bush 6 has inwardly and outwardly directed flanges 5, 7 at its inner end which seat in a recess 2 in the container wall, the edge 3 of the recess being turned around flange 5 and a washer 8 being located on the turned-over edge to make a tight joint with a screw bung. The flange 7 and recesses are hexagonal.
Patent GB-1520242-A (GB)
Title: Process for removing sulphur from coal
IPC: C10L9/02
Filed: 1977-05-27
Abstract: 1520242 Desulphurizing coal ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO 27 May 1977 [27 May 1976] 22533/77 Heading C5G The pyritic sulphur content of coal is reduced by contacting an aqueous coal slurry at elevated temperature with oxygen, maintaining the aqueous slurry at a pH of from 5.5 to 12.0 during the contacting and separating water containing dissolved sulphur compounds from the coal particles. The pH may be maintained by addition of alkali (e.g. hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates), or by addition of buffering agents (e.g. sodium acetate). The temperature may be 150 to 350‹F. The oxygen may be at a pressure of 50 to 500 p.s.i.g. and may contain inert gas.
Patent GB-800012-A (GB)
Title: Digital data storage apparatus and methods employing the spin-echo technique
IPC: G11C11/16
Filed: 1955-08-05
Abstract: 800,012. Electric digital-data-storage apparatus. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Aug. 5, 1955 [Aug. 9, 1954], No. 22583/55. Class 106 (1). In a spin echo data storage system in order to reduce noise, the inhomogeneity of the polarizing field is continuously varied in symmetrically timed relationship with storage cycles. This is illustrated in Fig. 21 where stimulated echoes are employed. Specification 795,057 is referred to.
Patent GB-299139-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in scavenging combustion products in internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B45/02
Filed: 1927-08-27
Abstract: 299,139. Johnson, J. Y., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Aug. 27, 1927. Pistons, cooling. - The piston of an internal combustion engine using powdered fuel is cooled by passing the scavenging medium into its interior 3 through a pipe 4. The gas &c. passes into the combustion chamber through valves 6.
Patent GB-383666-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in combination boxes and tables for the use of campers and the like
IPC: A47B3/10
Filed: 1931-08-11
Abstract: 383,666. Combined tables and boxes. PATTERSON, T. B., 84, Station Road, Blackpool. Aug. 11, 1931, No. 22638. [Class 52 (iii).] A combination box and table for the use of campers &c. comprises a box a with a front wall a<1> hinged at its bottom edge, and a drawer t, and a two-part table top f, f<1>, the parts being connected by hinges g and pivoted at h so that they may be folded together and swung round so as to coincide with the top of the box. The top f, ,f<1> forms part of a lid, hinged at the rear, and fitted with a tray divided by a partition into two parts, access to which is obtained by turning round and up the leaf f. A loop and staple are fitted for locking the device. The back end of the tray is made with ventilating apertures.
Patent GB-1358946-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for capping receptacles
IPC: F16L55/04
Filed: 1972-05-15
Abstract: 1358946 Making aerosol containers; seaming ALUMINIUM SUISSE SA 15 May 1972 [17 May 1971] 22675/72 Headings B3A B3J and B3Q A cap 3, 4 is secured to the edge 2 of a container 1 by pressing against the base 3 of the cap to engage its flange 5 against a sealing gasket 6 on the edge 2 and simultaneously expanding the skirt 4 to form an annular bulge. The downward pressure on the base tends to raise the flange resiliently about A-A, thus increasing the gripping action after seaming when the downward pressure is released. As shown, the method is applied to seaming the valve-cap on an aerosol can. Radially-expansible jaws 7 for expanding the skirt and, through a block 8, pressing against the base 3 rise during the expansion operation. In various modifications, the block may be magnetized (Fig. 2), extend inwardly for operation by a piston, or be formed of non-magnetic material and suspended by a spring (17, Fig. 3) from a control mandrel or piston. It may also be formed of rubber (Fig. 4) containing magnetized particles and coated with a non-magnetic layer (19), or be formed by integral extensions of the jaws (Fig. 5).
Patent GB-1196904-A (GB)
Title: Post-treatment of crimped yarn
Inventor: BEECH SAMUEL ROBERT
IPC: D02G1/02
Filed: 1966-05-21
Abstract: 1,196,904. Post-treating crimped yarn. ERNEST SCRAGG & SONS Ltd. 18 Aug., 1967 [21 May, 1966], No. 22749/66. Heading D1F. A twist crimped yarn is subjected to a postcrimping heat-setting treatment and then wound on a package, the yarn being heat-set and wound while contracted by 5-50% of its length when extended after crimping, and the package is subjected to a hot fluid treatment in a dye bath. As described yarn is passed in a continuous process over a heater, through a false-twist tube, through a pair of feed rolls, over a second heater for the post-treatment and then fed by a another pair of feed rolls to the package. The fluid treatment may be at a higher temperature than the temperature of the posttreatment, while the latter may be higher or lower than the temperature at which the yarn was crimped.
Patent GB-1154601-A (GB)
Title: High Frequency Signal Voltage Instrument.
IPC: H04B3/48
Filed: 1966-05-23
Abstract: 1,154,601. Voltage measurement. WANDEL U. GOLTERMANN K.G. May 23, 1966 [May 28, 1965], No. 22773/66. Heading G1U. [Also in Division H3] An A.C. measuring system, of the type in which an input fe to be measured is adjusted by an input potential divider 501 to lie within a given range and is heterodyned in a mixer 503 with a beat frequency from a generator 509 to provide a constant I. F., which is passed via an adjustable gain I.F. amplifier 505 to a rectifier 506 and output indicator 507, has an associated calibrating voltage generator 512 which provides an alternating voltage of known amplitude to the measuring system when calibration is required. A calibration potential divider 515 is coupled to the input divider 501 and switched in circuit during calibration, so that this may be carried out irrespective of the input divider position. The calibration divider may be coupled into circuit following the I.F. filter 504, so that it need not be broad band. The calibrating voltage from the generator 512 is at the I.F. frequency and is mixed at 511 with the output from the beat frequency generator 509 so that the calibrating voltage applied to the system has the same frequency as that of the input being measured. When the calibrating voltage is applied the amplifier 505 is adjusted to provide a given reading on the indicator 507. The system may be arranged so that calibration and adjustment of the amplifier is carried out automatically at predetermined intervals. Under the control of an automatic timing mechanism 519 which operates control relays, the input to the divider 501 is periodically switched by switch 514 to receive the calibration signal for a short time and the output is switched from the indicator 507 to control the adjustment of the amplifier 505 by switch 520. (See Division H3).
Patent GB-1474592-A (GB)
Title: Device for controlling the instant of ignition in ignition systems of internal combustion engines
IPC: F02P5/15
Filed: 1974-05-22
Abstract: 1474592 Ignition systems; timing ignition ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 22 May 1974 [23 May 1973] 22803/74 Heading F1B An ignition system comprises a signal generator 18 adapted to produce an electrical signal at a specific angular position of the crank-shaft of an internal combustion engine, a pulse generator 10 adapted to produce a plurality of electrical pulses during each revolution of the crank-shaft, the pulses being fed to a storage device 24 via a logic circuit 16 enabled in response to the signal from the signal generator, the value of the signal stored in the storage device representing the actual angular position of the crank-shaft, a control voltage generator 25 adapted to produce in response to the signal from the signal generator, in dependence upon at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine a signal for the angular position of the crank-shaft at which the ignition operation is to be triggered and a comparator 27 for comparing the signal stored in the storage device 24 with the signal from the control voltage generator 25 to trigger the ignition operation when the value of the stored signal equals a value determined by the signal provided by the control voltage generator. When the member 20 induces a pulse in the coil 21 at a specific angular position of the crank-shaft, the bi-stable trigger circuit 17 is switched from its first switching state to its second switching state. The circuit 16 which may be an AND gate then passes output pulses from the monostable trigger circuit 15. These output pulses are fed to a current source 23 and the flow of current produced by the source 23 is fed to the storage device 24 which is a capacitive storage device. Thus a voltage which increases in proportion to the change in the crankshaft angle appears at the output of the capacitive storage device 24. The control voltage generator 25 produces a D.C. control voltage which is dependent on various operating parameters of the engine such as speed of the engine vacuum in the intake pipe, the position of the butterfly throttle valve or the temperature of the engine. The ignition operation is triggered by the comparator 27 which may be a Schmitt trigger. In a modification the system is provided with a counter instead of the capacitive storage device 24. The circuit 15 may then be omitted.
Patent GB-421166-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in liquid fuel burners
IPC: F23D11/38
Filed: 1934-08-07
Abstract: 421,166. Spray producers. BOLT, F. L., 15, Latimer Street, Tynemouth, and WALLSEND SLIPWAY & ENGINEERING CO., Ltd., Newcastle-on-Tyne. Aug. 7, 1934, No. 22813. [Class 69 (iii)] [See also Group XI] In a liquid -fuel burner of the pressure atomizing type the diaphragm d is formed as a cone f having its apex facing the direction of fuel flow. The diaphragm d is formed with the usual skew or tangential grooves d<1> delivering into a cylindrical or conical whirling chamber d<2> formed in the nozzle c.
Patent GB-1280400-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in safety apparatus of nuclear reactor systems enclosed in containment housings
Inventor: SCHLUDERBERG DONALD CARROLL
IPC: G21C13/00
Filed: 1970-05-12
Abstract: 1280400 Reactors BABCOCK & WILCOX CO 12 May 1970 [13 May 1969] 22830/70 Heading G6C  A pressurized water cooled nuclear reactor, in pressure vessel 14, is mounted within the containment housing, 10, together with a tank 42 in which vapour, leaking from the reactor system, is condensed, thereby limiting the pressure rise within 10. The initial vapour leak raises the pressure inside 10 and pool water, 40, is urged into tank 42, uncovering nozzle 45 to permit the flow of vapour into 42 where it is condensed by the water. The water in 42, is cooled by evaporation effected by the evacuator 44. The pivoted plates 37, mounted on grid 34 permit fluid expansion into space 35 and prevent an air flow from 35 into 42. The shroud 69 round the upper part of the heat exchange vessel 16 directs leakage vapour downwards to the apertures leading to 42. The pool water, 40, may contain boric acid. Auxiliary vacuum tanks, 50, associated with tank 42 are mounted on the refuelling crane 48.
Patent GB-847847-A (GB)
Title: Improved fuel-breeder element for a nuclear reactor
IPC: G21C5/20
Filed: 1957-07-19
Abstract: 847,847. Nuclear fuel elements. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. July 19, 1957 [Aug. 6, 1956], No. 22895/57. Class 39(4). A fuel element comprises a container having a solid fertile material and a non-aqueous fluid fuel composition disposed therein. The fertile material may be thorium or uranium-238 or their refractory oxides and the fissile material may be plutonium or uranium-235 or 233. The fuel composition may comprises a solution or suspension of the fissile material in a molten inorganic medium, e.g. bismuth, bismuth-tin, or a fused fluoride salt mixture of at least one alkali fluoride with uranium tri- or tetrafluoride. The fuel element shown in the Figure is intended for use in the sodium-cooled, graphite moderated reactor described in a paper entitled "The Sodium Reactor Experiment" published in Vol. 3 at page 295 of the Proceedings of the International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva 1955. The element comprises a central core of twelve thorium rods 1 surrounded by a uranium-bismuth solution 2 in a steel container 3. The coolant channel 4 in the graphite moderator 6 is lined with zirconium 5.
Patent GB-322231-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to colour photography
IPC: G03C7/04
Filed: 1928-08-08
Abstract: 322,231. Baker, T. T. Aug. 8, 1928. Colour photography.-In copying from a multicolour screen master copy on to multicolour screen material of the type described in Specifications 217,557 and 322,432, the grain size of the positive film emulsion is substantially smaller (e.g. “) than the grain size of the master film emulsion. The positive film emulsion also has a moderately flat scale of gradation and its gamma is slightly larger than that of the master film emulsion. Both master film and positive film may be developed and reversed, the printing preferably being done by projection with parallel rays of light at right angles to the two films.
Patent GB-321240-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to abrasives and method of treating the same
IPC: B24D3/00
Filed: 1928-08-08
Abstract: 321,240. Carborundum Co., Ltd., (Carborundum Co.). Aug. 8, 1928. Supplying fluids.-The surface of a bonded abrasive article, for example, a grinding-wheel or abrasive cloth or paper, is treated with a lubricant for example, a fatty organic acid, which has the property of spreading readily over that surface. The lubricant may be used by itself, or mixed with oils, waxes, fats or resins either by emulsifying or by solution; it may be applied also as a continuous lubricant, being then used as a constituent of a lubricant consisting largely of, for example, mineral oil. The lubricant also may be made up in block form for application to the abrasive surface, or a grinding-wheel may be dipped in the lubricant, for example, oleic acid. Other suitable lubricants are sulphonated oils, of which sulphonated pine oil is an example.