baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1422608-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for smokelessly burning hydrocarbon gas
IPC: F23L7/00
Filed: 1973-06-14
Abstract: 1422608 Controlling flares TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORP 14 June 1973 [27 June 1972] 28318/73 Heading F4T In an apparatus for smokelessly burning hydrocarbon gas with air, supplied by a steam aspirator, the steam flow rate to a flare 10 is controlled by a controller 17 so that it is dependent on both the flow rate and the specific gravity of the hydrocarbon gas. The gas is supplied to the flare 10 by a line 16 having flow rate detectors 13, 14, 15 and a specific gravity analyser 12 is connected to the line 16 via a line 19, including a pump 20, filter 21 and coalescer 22, and a slip-stream bleed line 25 including a pressure reducing valve 26 and a rotor-meter 27 for introducing the same volume of gas as air to analyser 12, line 19 being connected back to line 16 by a return line 24 having a back-pressure regulator 23. The output of analyser 12 is a pressure signal of 3 to 15 p.s.i.g. and is multiplied in device 28 by a preselected factor in the range 0À7 to 1À7, the signal so produced being a first input to a selector 29 having a second input at 3 p.s.i.g. supplied by an air pressure reducing valve 30. Selector 29 passes the higher of the two inputs to multipliers 31, 32, 33 wherein the output of selector 29 is multiplied with the output of flow rate detectors 13, 14, 15, respectively to give control signals to the steam flow rate controller 17 which are dependent on both hydrocarbon gas flow rate and specific gravity. The steam flow rate decreases with decrease in gas flow rate and with decrease in gas molecular weight.
Patent GB-855062-A (GB)
Title: Tamper-proof padlock
IPC: E05B67/24
Filed: 1957-09-09
Abstract: 855,062. Padlocks. MASTER LOCK CO. Sept. 9, 1957, No. 28433/57. Class 44. In a padlock having a body 10, a locking lever 12 mounted therein and a shackle 18, the body 10 is laminated and formed of a plurality of securedtogether plates 11 having aligned openings therein to provide a shackle leg socket 15, and the locking lever 12 is transversely reciprocable and has a cam-like end portion; the shackle 18 has a notched leg 17 movably received by the socket 15 and engaged by the lever 12, and one plate 20 of the plates 11, inwardly from the top plate and overlying the cam-like end portion, is formed with its opening 21 of reduced size compared with the major extent of the socket 15 and with spaced-apart shoulders 23 to preclude an inserted shim 24, upon movement, from contacting and releasing the cam-like end portion.
Patent GB-728390-A (GB)
Title: The recovery of zirconium from siliceous, ores and minerals
Inventor: SCHOENLAUB ROBERT ARNOLD
IPC: C22B34/14
Filed: 1951-12-04
Abstract: Zirconium is extracted from zirconium-containing material by fusion with a basic material containing lime and up to 35 per cent. by weight of calcium fluoride based on the lime so as to obtain a substantically silica-free zirconium-containing product together with a separable crystalline silicate gangue.  The desired product is separated from the silicate gangue by crushing followed by physical and/or chemical treatment in known manner. Substantially pure zirconia, a solid solution of lime and zirconia, or calcium zirconate is produced according to the proportions of the reactants employed. Stronger bases such as sodium, potassium, strontium and barium oxide may partially replace the lime in the reaction mixture.  Weaker oxides such as manganese, magnesium, iron, zinc, cadmium, cobalt and nickel oxide may also be present but these do not materially assist the reaction assuming that sufficient lime is present.  However, in the production of zirconia a portion of the lime is preferably replaced by a weaker basic oxide such as magnesium, aluminium, iron or manganese oxide, the oxides being preferably employed in equal-molecular amounts.  Zirconia prepared in the unstable monoclinic form (i.e. zirconia containing less than about 2 per cent. of lime) may be used for chemical, metallurgical and polishing purposes.  Zirconia prepared in the stable cubic form (i.e. zirconia containing more than about 2 per cent. of lime) may be used as a refractory and abrasive.  The calcium zirconate may be digested with hot concentrated acid and basic zirconium salts recovered therefrom or it may be heated with carbon and halogen to produce the tetra fluoride, chloride, or iodide.  The calcium zirconate or a mixture of the zirconia and lime may be heated with carbon to produce zirconium carbide which is purified from calcium carbide by treatment with water.  The purified zirconium carbide may be oxidized to produce a very pure monoclinic zirconia for enamels, abrasives, &c., reacted with halogen to produce the chloride iodide, bromide or fluoride, or reacted with acid to produce basic salts.
Patent GB-819842-A (GB)
Title: Improved laundering method and composition therefor
Inventor: KAUFFMANN HUGO J
IPC: C11D3/39
Filed: 1957-09-10
Abstract: A detergent composition, suitable for laundering, comprises (a) an alkylaryl sulphonate; (b) a water-soluble perborate, preferably sodium perborate; and (c) a water-soluble, copper-containing salt, preferably copper sulphate.  The perborate suitably comprises 5-30 per cent by weight of the composition and is present in a quantity sufficient to produce an active oxygen content of 0.8-2.4 per cent, while the copper salt is present in a quantity sufficient to produce a copper content of 0.04-0.4 per cent.  The composition, which is best employed at 100-140 DEG  F. in solution, may also include carboxy-methylcellulose and sodium tripolyphosphate, pyrophosphate and metasilicate. Other copper salts which may be used include the nitrate, acetate and phosphate.
Patent GB-336074-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the warping of yarns
IPC: D02H3/00
Filed: 1929-09-20
Abstract: 336,074. Lishman, W. W. L., Smith, J., and Egerton, J. A. Sept. 20, 1929. Yarns, warping; separating and coiling warps, rewinding yarns in warp form; yarns, marking and measuring.-Yarns from bobbins, cones, or cheeses in a V-creel, or from a beam of a warping machine, or drawn through an automatic stop motion by three driven rollers between which the ends pass and are separated by pegs e and a bar e<1>, the sets of warps, each containing any desired number of yarns, being coiled into a number of cans K. Each can may be without bottom and be surrounded by a bag of paper &c. in which the coiled yarn remains after removal of the can. The bag containing the coiled warp yarn may be transported therein or be removed for dyeing &c., and both ends of the yarn are available. The bar e<1> is supported on the frame of the warp coiler mechanism, which may comprise tubes or funnels H<1> carried by a frame H<3> suspended by chains h, the funnels being driven by gearing so as to rotate about their own axes and about exterior axes coinciding with the axes of the cams K, whereby the warped yarns are coiled in the cans. The funnels may have planetary wheels thereon rotating about a central sun wheel. The yarns Y are drawn between the pegs c by feed rollers f<1>, f<2>, and then pass over a littice rollers G', alternate sets of yarns passing downwards to one set of cans K, and the other sets passing over another lattice roller G<2> to a second row of cans. The warping machine may have a measuring apparatus for stopping the machine after a length of yarn has been drawn off from the creel &c., and may have means for marking the cut lengths and full Lengths of warp. The various drawing-off rollers &c. are intergeared by belt, chain, rope or toothed gearing.
Patent GB-824492-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for the generation of power
IPC: F24V50/00
Filed: 1955-10-07
Abstract: 824,492. Vapour engine power plant; turbines. BEINLICH, F. W. Oct. 7, 1955, No. 28671/55. Classes 110 (3) and 122 (3). [Also in Group XIII] A power-generating process for utilizing natural or waste heat comprises heating a working gas having a critical temperature below atmospheric in a heat exchanger at a pressure above the critical, expanding the heated gas with the performance of external work to a temperature still above the critical and a pressure at least as high as the critical and then cooling the gas to a temperature at least as low as its critical to cause condensation thereof. Cooled liquid nitrogen drawn through a conduit 3 from a refrigerator 2 is discharged by a pump 1 at a high pressure (about 385 atms.) through an economizer 6 and a gas generator 9 where it is heated and vaporized respectively by the exhaust nitrogen gas from a turbine 10. The gas produced in the generator is preheated in a first heat exchanger 26 by heat supplied from a refrigerating cycle as described later, further heated in a second heat exchanger 14 and then expanded in stages in the turbine 10 with intermediate reheat in third and fourth heat exchangers 18, 22 and in the first heat exchanger 26. The heat exchangers 14, 18 and 22 are supplied through conduits 33, 34, 37 and 39 with brine heated by solar heat. The nitrogen gas is exhausted from the turbine 10 at a pressure and temperature just above its critical through a conduit 28 to the gas generator 9 where it is cooled and liquefied by heat exchange with the pumped liquid nitrogen which is vaporized therein. The liquid nitrogen, after being precooled in the economizer 6, is passed by a conduit 31 to the refrigerator 2 where it is cooled to its lowest cycle temperature by nitrogen gas circulating in a separate refrigerating cycle in which gas from the refrigerator is preheated in a heat exchanger 47, compressed in a compressor 42, cooled in the heat exchangers 26 and 47 and expanded in an expander 45 which may be a turbine mechanically coupled to the compressor 42, the additional power for the compressor being supplied either by the turbine 10 or an electric motor. The working medium may be a gas, such as oxygen, or gaseous compounds or a mixture of both and the heat energy may be obtained from waste flue gases or coolants used in fuel-operated power plants, blast and other furnaces, and the like. Calculations involving cycle efficiency and output are given in the Specification.
Patent GB-1234982-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of peptides
IPC: B01J19/00
Filed: 1968-06-17
Abstract: 1,234,982. Peptide synthesis. FARBWERKE HOECHST A.G. 17 June, 1968 [16 June, 1967], No. 28683/68. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C3] Peptides are prepared by synthesis on a solid synthetic surface that is coated with polystyrene and then chloromethylated, the polystyrene coating having been chemically bound to the solid synthetic surface by a graft reaction. Examples describe the preparation of H-leugly-OH.HBr and H-leu-gly-NH 2 .HCl by the above method.
Patent GB-1206389-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of nitrobenzal fluorides and use as herbicides of reaction products of said fluorides
Inventor: KLAUKE ERICH
IPC: C07C205/12
Filed: 1969-06-06
Abstract: 1,206,389. Nitrobenzal fluorides and reaction products thereof. FARBENFABRIKEN BAYER A.G. 6 June, 1969 [10 June, 1968], No. 28714/69. Heading C2C. [Also in Division A5] Nitrobenzal fluorides of the formula in which X 1  denotes hydrogen or chlorine and X 2  and X 3  denote hydrogen or nitro, one of X 2  and X 3 , but not both, denoting nitro, are prepared by treating the corresponding nitrobenzal chlorides with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride at 0-150 C. Examples are given. The nitrobenzal fluorides may be catalytically hydrogenated to yield the corresponding aminobenzal fluorides, which in turn may be phosgenated to yield the corresponding isocyanatobenzal fluorides. These compounds, by reaction with dimethylamine, yield N-(difluoromethylphenyl) - N<SP>1</SP>,N<SP>1</SP> - dimethyl ureas. An example of these reactions is given. The urea derivatives are useful as herbicides (see Division A5).
Patent GB-834344-A (GB)
Title: Gas-liquid contacting apparatus
Inventor: EASTMAN DUBOIS
IPC: F28C3/06
Filed: 1957-09-12
Abstract: 834,344. Scrubbing hot gases. TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CO. Sept. 12, 1957, No. 28766/57. Class 55 (2). Synthesis or other gases at high temperature are quenched by passing them through a vertical conduit 11 into a vessel 5 which is partly filled with liquid, the gases passing through perforations 22 or under serrations 21 at the lower end of conduit 11 to ascend an annular space 28 provided between an openended cylindrical shield 26 and the conduit 11. The liquid carried up by the gases impinges upon the upper portion of vessel 5 and a plate 16, the gases, substantially free from liquid escaping through the outlet 31. Liquid enters through pipe 12 into an annular passageway 14 in plate 16 from which it enters, by tangential passages, into an annular space 13, the swirling liquid then passing uniformly down the inner wall of conduits 11. Additional liquid may be supplied through nozzle 24. A vent 23 prevents liquid being drawn from vessel 5 into the source of hot gases when the flow is discontinued. A float control 10 maintains the liquid level constant.
Patent GB-954926-A (GB)
Title: Purification of water by freezing
IPC: C02F1/22
Filed: 1961-08-09
Abstract: 954,926. Purification of water by freezing. HALCON INTERNATIONAL Inc. Aug. 9, 1961 [Aug. 10, 1960], No. 28811/61. Heading F4H. In a process for the production of fresh water from saline water by crystallization of part of the water therein as fresh water crystals followed by separation of the crystals from the residual saline water, the crystals are grown to an average particle size of at least 0.2 mm. and in a granular form having a low surface to volume ratio. As shown, on leaving a deaerator, saline water flows in parallel through first and second coolers, then a third cooler, a crystallizer, a separator washer, a melter-condenser, and finally through the cooling side of the second cooler. A refrigerant, such as iso-butane is evaporated in direct contact with the saline water in the crystallizer, thus forming ice crystals of the required size. Ice crystals are separated from the brine by gravity or centrifugal filtration and washed by wash water bled off from the fresh water supply from the melter-condenser. The ice crystals remaining are melted by the compressed refrigerant vapour, which is in turn condensed, in the melter-condenser. Concentrated brine from the separator washer passes through the cooling side of the third and first coolers.
Patent GB-1089283-A (GB)
Title: Reduction of iron oxides with coked fuel
IPC: C21B11/06
Filed: 1965-07-07
Abstract: Iron oxides are reduced in a rotary furnace 1 wherein oxide material is supplied e.g. via feeder 12 to a body of solid carbonaceous material 3 at the top of a liquid slag layer 4 to produce pig iron 5 as a sump below the slag layer, the body of carbonaceous material being maintained by producing from coal (or lignite) a carbon-rich coking residue e.g. unsintered coke lumps and supplying this residue still hot, preferably through a heat-insulated feeder 20 closed to the atmosphere, to the top of the slag layer.  The coking residue may be formed by carbonizing high volatile coals at 600-1200 DEG C. on an endless movable grate 22 (Fig.1), in a rotary drum (42 in Fig.2, not shown) or in a fluidized bed arrangement (61-63 in Fig.3, not shown). Preferably an oxidizing gas is supplied via control throttle 32 (damper 44 in Fig.2) to the coking process.  The carbonaceous material is preferably partially converted to CO which is burnt to CO2 with O2 supplied to the furnace via lances 13, 14 to produce the necessary heat for reduction. <PICT:1089283/C6-C7/1>
Patent GB-1391690-A (GB)
Title: Method of manufacturing acrylic fibres
IPC: C05C5/02
Filed: 1972-06-20
Abstract: 1391690 Wet spinning polyacrylonitrile CESKOSLOVENSKA AKADEMIE VED 20 June 1972 [22 July 1971] 28857/72 Heading B5B Fibres and filaments are prepared by spinning polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile in nitric acid solution into a coagulating bath containing one or more nitrates and a proportion of the respective neutralizing agent or agents more than sufficient to neutralize the nitric acid introduced by the spinning solution. The concentrations of the nitrate(s) and the neutralizing agent(s) and the level of the liquid in the bath and its temperature are kept constant. In the embodiment shown the spinning solution is spun through spinners 2 into coagulating bath 5 and the resulting fibres stretched in hot washing bath 6 and dried and heat stabilized in the two-roller system 9, 10. Vapours given off by the bath 6 and 8 condense on the roofs 11 and 11<SP>1</SP> and the condensate led on to the fibre bundle to assist in washing. The washing liquid is led in countercurrent through the system and is used to top up the coagulating bath. In the coagulating bath, the neutralizing agent is urea, added through apparatus 17 and pipe 18. Urea nitrate solution in excess is led off through valve 12 to cooler 13 and drum filter 14. Urea nitrate is recovered by this means and led off through the transporter 20.
Patent GB-305074-A (GB)
Title: Means for controlling the intensity of a beam of light for use, for example, in recording sound
IPC: G11B7/00
Filed: 1927-10-29
Abstract: 305,074. Eccles, W. H., Whitaker, A., and Gramophone Co., Ltd. Oct. 29, 1927. Light-valves.-Cristals which exhibit the Pockels effect are used in light-valves designed for operation at audio-frequency, so as to yield a photographic sound record. The change of illumination in ordinary Kerr cells is proportional to the square of the applied voltage, but in certain materials there exists a Pockels effect which produces a change of illumination directly proportional to the applied voltage, this effect preponderating over that previously mentioned. A crystal of Rochelle salt having the " hour-glass " structure shown at 7, Fig. 3, is cut along the plane 8 (shown by broken lines), the lower part 14 being discarded. The areas in which the Pockels effect is most marked are indicated at 9, 10. The crystal 1 is mounted as shown in Fig. 1 between two insulating tubes 2 which are closed at their ends by glass windows 3, filled with alcohol or other sui.table liquid, and provided with coaxial electrodes 4 connected to leads 5. The electric field is therefore mainly axial and parallel to the lightpencil which passes through the windows 3, but in a modification the crystal 1 may be mounted between parallel-plate electrodes, the light-pencil being then perpendicular to the electric field. The crystal ma be arranged between Nicol prisms and arranged to yield a photographic sound-record. The light employed may be monochromatic. The light-pencil may be made to traverse the cell repeatedly. The applied voltage is of telephonic frequency as distinct from modulated high frequency, the use of which is disclaimed, and may be superimposed on a direct-current polarizing voltage in the same or a different direction.
Patent GB-408164-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in petrol lighters
IPC: F23Q2/14
Filed: 1933-10-19
Abstract: 408,164. Pyrophoric lighters. KIRCHNER, L. J., 19, Rue des Merles, Mulhouse, Haut - Rhin, France. Oct. 19, 1933, No. 28955. Convention date, Oct. 19, 1932. [Class 75 (ii).] In an igniter in which an asbestos wick 28 surrounding a flint 11 on a tubular holder 24 is ignited by rubbing the flint along a file 6 on the petrol container 1, the flint 11 is carried by a nut 12 connected by means of claws 18 and a central screw 20 to a hollow screw 19. The square head 21 of the latter engages a slotted bush 22 adapted to be rotated by means of a head 23 for adjusting the screw 19 and thereby the flint. The fibre handle 24 is secured by a fluted cone 27 on the holder. As shown, the container 1 is provided with a hook 7 for engaging the flanged slides 8 of a support 9, a spring tongue 7<a> engaging in a slot 14 to prevent removal. A spare flint and a screwdriver 13 for operating the screw 20 are inserted through holes in the top of the support 9 into compartments formed by a partition 15 and are supported by ribs 17 on the partition.
Patent GB-858758-A (GB)
Title: The production of new herbicidal and fungicidal compositions
Inventor: MILNER DAVID WILLIAM
Filed: 1957-09-16
Abstract: A herbicidal and fungicidal composition comprises as active ingredient an organo-sulphur compound resulting from the reaction between carbon disulphide and tar bases with the formation of chlorinated ditolyl thioureas together with a surface active agent. Specification 757,790 is referred to.
Patent GB-944546-A (GB)
Title: Sealing of cable ends
IPC: H02G15/04
Filed: 1962-07-30
Abstract: 944,546. Cable end terminations. AUSTRAL STANDARD CABLES PTY Ltd. July 30, 1962 [July 31, 1961], No. 29184/62. Heading H2E. The ends of cable sheathed with thermoplastic material are sealed by forming a pocket in the end of the cable and closing it to prevent the outward notion of conductors and the ingress of moisture. In the arrangement of Fig. 1, the pocket is formed by forcing back conductors 3 or stretching the sheath, and heating a mixture of polyethylene and conductive granules by a dielectric heater so that the polyethylene melts and seals the sheath. In a further arrangement (Fig. 3, not shown), the metal granules are replaced by a metal insert while in another the sheath itself is sealed by heat and pressure. In yet another arrangement a thermoplastic or metallic tube is placed over the sheath and then bonded to it.
Patent GB-402228-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to ramps or inclines for placing against kerbing to enable vehicles to be run off the road into garages and other parking places
IPC: E01C11/22
Filed: 1932-10-19
Abstract: 402,228. Wheel ramps for road gutters ; blocks. ROOD END FOUNDRY CO., Ltd., and SMITH, W. F., Tat Bank Road., Oldbury, Worcestershire. Oct. 19, 1932, No. 29201. [Classes 87 (i) and 107.] A ramp or incline 10 for insertion in a road gutter to facilitate the passage of vehicle wheels over the kerbstone 14 is supported by a rear wall 11 which abuts against the kerb, and side walls 12 which are provided with openings 17 to allow the flow of water under the incline. The ramp shown is formed as an integral casting having internal strengthening ribs and external roughening studs 20.
Patent GB-781593-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transistor circuit arrangements for providing a stabilized d.c. output
Inventor: LIGHT LEON HENRY
IPC: H02M3/338
Filed: 1954-10-11
Abstract: 781,593. Rectifying. MULLARD RADIO VALVE CO., Ltd. Jan. 5,1956 [Oct, 11, 1954], No. 29300/54. Class 38 (2). [Also in Group XL (c)] In a circuit for producing a stabilized D.C. output by rectifying the oscillations of a relaxation oscillator employing feed-back between the collector-emitter circuit and base over windings 6, 8 of a transformer, a tertiary winding 13 is provided to supply oscillation to the emitter 15 of a control transistor having its base connected through a reference potential 18 to the supply, the collector 17 being connected to the other terminal of the supply. During operation, a large negative pulse appears at the collector 4 and is rectified by diode 10 to give a potential across load 12. The potential of reference voltage 18 exceeds that of the supply 5 but when the pulse occurs, the emitter 15 is driven more positive than the reference voltage 18 and current flows through winding 13 into the battery 15 in such a sense as to charge it. In this manner the amplitude of the negative pulse is maintained constant with varying battery supply and load and is dependent on the reference source 18. The emitter 15 may be returned to a tap on winding 6 and winding 13 dispensed with. Specifications 769,445 and 771,003, [Group XL (c), are referred to.