Patent GB-1150902-A (GB)
Title: Embossed Thermoplastic Sheets
IPC: D06N7/00
Filed: 1966-05-11
Abstract: 1,150,902. Embossing. ARMSTRONG CORK CO. 11 May, 1966 [11 May, 1965], No. 20828/66. Heading B6J. [Also in Division C3] A blend of (1) a vinyl resin, (2) a plasticizer for the resin, (3) a blowing agent which decomposes when heated above the glass transition temperature and below the decomposition temperature of the resin and (4) a monomer compatible with the resin containing at least two olefinically unsaturated sites and capable of addition polymerization at the above temperatures in the presence of a catalyst, is formed into a sheet and there is applied to the sheet in a predetermined pattern, a composition comprising (a) a liquid that will penetrate the sheet and (b) a catalyst for the polymerization of the monomer, the sheet is then heated to 300- 450‹ F. to fuse the resin, decompose the blowing agent and polymerize the monomer. Compound (1) may be polyvinyl chloride, a copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride, a vinyl ester or alkyl substituted vinyl ester, acrylic or methacrylic acid or an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, or polymers of styrene, substituted styrenes, alkyl acrylic esters and alkyl methacrylic esters. Compound (2) may be dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl sebacate, dioctyl adipate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, dibutyl adipate or tricresyl phosphate. Compound (3) may be azodicarbonamide, azobisisobutyronitrile, N,N<SP>1</SP>-dimethyl - N,N<SP>1</SP> - dinitrosoterephthalamide, p,p<SP>1</SP> -  oxybis - (benzenesulphonylhydrazide), p,p<SP>1</SP>- oxybis - (benzenesulphonylsemicarbazide), barium azodicarboxylate, dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine. Compound (4) may be a di- or tri-acrylate or methacrylate, an acrylate or methacrylate ester of an alcohol which contains an olefinically unsaturated double band, a diester of a dicarboxylic acid and an unsaturated alcohol or a diolefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon. Examples given are allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, diallyl fumarate, divinyl benzene, divinyl toluene, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylol propane trimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and methacryloxy hydroxy triglyceride. Compound (a) may be a diluent, solvent or plasticizer for the resin, e.g. a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone and dioxane. Compound (b) may be di-tert.-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, capryloyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, parachlorobenzoyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, dicumyl peroxide, tert.-butyl perbenzoate, isopropylpercarbonate or azodiisobutyronitrile. The composition used to form the sheet may contain pigments, dyes, granular fillers (e.g. clay, limestone or a silicate), heat and light stabilizers. The composition may be doctored, or roll coated on to a backing or a strippable carrier, e.g. a steel belt, a rubber belt, paper or felt having a release coating thereon. The backing may be one suitable for use as a surface covering, e.g. a felt, preferably rubber-bonded asbestos, vinyl sheet or a cellulosic felt. The catalyst may be applied as a printing ink and composition (a) + (b) may also contain dyes, pigments, a filler, wetting agent, a stabilizer. An additional coating of a thermoplastic resin may be applied to the entire system prior to heating such that on heating the coating becomes an integral part of the embossed sheet.