baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-831887-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to vacuum melting- and casting-plants
Inventor: WINKLER OTTO
IPC: F27B5/04
Filed: 1957-04-12
Abstract: 831,887. Casting-machines. GERAETEBAUANSTALT. Feb. 5, 1958 [April 12, 1957], No. 11980/57. Class 83 (1). [Also in Groups XI and XII] A crucible is fixedly-built into an evacuable furnace vessel which may be tipped about a horizontal axis, and a mould is located in an adjacent, evacuable, non-tiltable container, the pouring of the melt from the crucible and the evacuation of the furnace being effected through the hollow axle of the vessel, a stationary pouring-gutter being provided into which the melt is poured from the crucible and which passes the melt to the mould. The inductionheated crucible 8 is fixed to the bottom 7 of the vacuum-chamber 1, the assembly 7, 8 being replaced when required, by a similar assembly with the aid of a jack 45. The chamber is mounted in bearings 4, 5 by hollow trunnions 2, 3. The trunnion 2 is connected to a vacuumchamber 14, into which metal for melting may be fed through an evacuable chamber 23 on to a vibratory shoot 20, thence into the crucible. Through the other trunnion 3 passes a gutter 26, into which the crucible pours when the chamber is tilted by the motor 30.. The gutter is cooled at the bottom by coils 28, and heated above its top surface by a resistance heating-bar 27. From the gutter, the melt flows through a pouring-funnel 40, and slide-valve 36, into the mould 25, surrounded by an evacuable housing 32, 34, 35. The melting and pouring may be carried out in a protective atmosphere; or by opening the valve 36, the pouring may be carried out in air, the molten metal in the funnel 40 preventing loss of protective gas from the chamber 1. The firm mounting of the crucible to the chamber-bottom 7 is stated to allow the use of a crucible constructed in a manner known for stationary crucibles, but not used for tipping- crucibles, for reasons of weight. Conductor bars 10 are attached to rings around the tipping- axle, and supply leads are connected to rings in juxtaposition thereto, contact-making balls or rollers being arranged between the rings.
Patent GB-1490116-A (GB)
Title: Non-woven fabrics
IPC: D04H1/4218
Filed: 1975-03-21
Abstract: 1490116 Laminates N V BEKAERT SA 21 March 1975 [22 March 1974] 11980/75 Heading B5N [Also in Divisions D1-D2] A laminate is formed by needling the non- woven fabric specified below to a reinforcing net. A plurality of threads, e.g. yarns, slivers or strips consisting of or containing electrically conductive fibres are fed whilst in substantially parallel relationship in their direction of travel into contact with a web consisting of or containing fibres of another material and the combination is cross-lapped then consolidated to form a non-woven fabric. The threads may be fed at a faster rate than the web so as to form random loops. The threads may be fed to only part of the web, e.g. to edge region X. A plurality of arrays of threads and/or a plurality of webs and/or nets, films or plastic foam strips may be combined. The threads may be a blended yarn of nylon fibres and 1 to 25% of stainless steel fibres having a rough surface and a diameter of 50 millimicrons or less. Carbon fibres may also be used. Alternatively the fibres, continuous filaments or fibrillated film strips may have an electrically conductive coating over part of their surfaces. The yarns may be mono or multi continuous filament. Additional, non-electrically conductive yarns may be inserted to enhance the thermal conductivity magnetic properties, adhesive properties, tensile strength, shrink capacity, elasticity, thermoplasticity or chemical or physical resistance of the web, no details being given. The web may be carded, air laid, wet laid, spun-bonded or obtained by fibrillation of films or foamed sheets. It may comprise glass, asbestos, polytetrafluoroethylene, Nomex (aromatic polyamide) or conventional textile fibres or blends thereof. As shown the web is cross lapped and the combination of web and threads consolidated by needling. The needling may be replaced or supplemented by stitching, the use of heat softenable or heat shrinkable fibres or the use of adhesive. In the example, nylon fibres are carded to give a 40 g./m.<SP>2</SP> web 180 cm. wide. Two sets A and C, see Figure, of 10 equally spaced spools feed nylon/stainless steel blended yarns over a width of 50 cm. in the vicinity of edge X. Twenty-four layers of the reinforced web are cross-lapped on to a reinforcing net. The product is passed through 2 needle punching machines to give a laminated needle-felt carpet of thickness 0À5 cm. and a steel fibre content of 0À6 g./m.<SP>2</SP>. A metal fibre content of at least 0À5 g./m.<SP>2</SP> yields an antistatic carpet. An antistatic filter is produced by adding glass, Nomex or polytetrafluoroethylene yarns containing meal fibres to a web of those fibres and needling.
Patent GB-157673-A (GB)
Title: Improved means to be employed in connection with the conservation, or storing, of rubber in sheet form
IPC: B65D57/00
Filed: 1920-04-30
Abstract: 157,673. Johnson, J. Y., (Diamond State Fibre Co.). April 30, 1920. India-rubber sheets; preserving.-India-rubber in sheet form is preserved during storage by applying to one face of the sheet a layer of parchmentized paper or the like. The compound sheet may be rolled up or several sheets may be superposed.
Patent GB-585387-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for electric arc welding or cutting
IPC: B23K9/10
Filed: 1942-08-26
Abstract: 585,387. Supply systems for electric welding and cutting arcs. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and RODEN, A. H. Aug. 26, 1942, No. 12020. [Class 38 (iv)] In a supply system for a number of arc welding or cutting units, wherein the units are separately fed through variable reactors from a common transformer, the reactor is formed as a variable portion and a fixed portion, the former of which is located at the unit and the other adjacent the transformer, preferably within the transformer casing. The reactance of the fixed portion is such as to limit the current to the maximum value for which the unit is designed.
Patent GB-1494742-A (GB)
Title: Process for recovering single cell micro-organisms from fermentation broth
IPC: C12N1/02
Filed: 1974-03-19
Abstract: 1494742 Yeast &c BRITISH PETROLEUM CO Ltd 27 Feb 1975 [19 March 1974] 12101/74 Heading C6F An improved process for separating a cream containing single cell micro-organisms (yeast or bacteria) from a fermentation broth involves centrifuging the broth (or a fraction thereof) containing single cell micro-organisms to give a cream, heating the cream to increase its temperature by a value in the range 5‹ to 70‹C and centrifuging the heated cream to remove water and give a cream having an increased solids content. The temperature is increased typically by a value in the range 40‹ to 45‹C in the case of a cream obtained by centrifuging a broth produced by cultivating a hydrocarbon utilizing yeast using a gas oil hydrocarbon boiling in the range 300‹-380‹C as the carbon source, and by 15‹-50‹C in the case of a broth and cream from the cultivation of yeast on normal paraffins recovered from a petroleum fraction in the kerosine or gas oil boiling ranges. The cream may be heated by steam injection or in a plate heat exchanger for, say, 0À1-5 minutes after any necessary adjustment of pH to a value in the range 3À0-9À0. The cell temperature produced will be of the order 50‹- 80‹C. The heated cream is then centrifuged in a nozzle type or decanter type centrifuge. Examples are directed to the separation of a cream from broths obtained by cultivating Candida lipolytica on a petroleum fraction consisting of a mixture of C 11  to C 24  n-paraffins, and Candida tropicalis on a petroleum fraction consisting of a mixture of gas oil hydrocarbons with a normal paraffins content (C 14  to C 28 ) in the range 11 to 18% respectively. Creams having a substantially increased solids content of the order 22-26 wt per cent were obtained by the heating and centrifugation according to the invention.
Patent GB-491985-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to upright pianofortes
IPC: G10C3/02
Filed: 1937-04-28
Abstract: 491,985. Pianofortes. MORLEY & CO., Ltd., R., and MORLEY, F. D. April 28, 1937, No. 12110. [Class 88 (ii)] An upright pianoforte has a resonating chamber b extending flush with the top from the back, and shaped to present the appearance of a grand piano, being provided also with a horizontal soundboard d or with an inclined soundboard connected to the main soundboard by an arm. The chamber may be detachable and fitted with legs enabling it to be used as a separate piece of furniture.
Patent GB-380753-A (GB)
Title: Improved contact type vacuum meter, particularly for large rectifiers
IPC: G01L7/18
Filed: 1932-04-27
Abstract: 380,753. Mercury switches. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. April 27, 1932, No. 12153. Convention date, April 27, 1931. [Class 38 (v).] A mercury switch combined with a vacuum gauge more particularly for large mercury vapour rectifiers comprises a U- tube 2 partly filled with mercury the bend 9 of which is circular and the two legs of which lie along radii, one leg 3 provided with a bulb 5 being connected to the vacuum to be measured, while the other 8 is closed and contains electric contacts 6, 7 connected with the vacuum pump. These contacts are placed in cup-like projections 10, 11 which always contain some mercury. When the latter rises in the leg 8 it contacts with the mercury in the cups, a creeping contact being avoided. The gauge may be adjusted about the centre of the disc 1 by means of oval holes 12, 13 through which pass the securing screws.
Patent GB-129261-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Protective Apparatus for Dynamo Electric Machines.
IPC: H02K13/14
Filed: 1918-05-14
Abstract: 129,261. British Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co., (Assignees of Moss, C. M.). June 29, 1918, [Convention date]. Addition to 120,911. Drawings to Specification. Auxiliary protective or safety devices.-The invention described in the parent Specification consists in preventing or reducing flashing at the commutators of dynamo-electric machines owing to the occurrence of abnormal current rises by interconnecting either directly or through impedances a number of points of different potential in the armature winding of the machine; the points in the armature winding are connected through slip-rings and brushes to contacts which are closed, on overloads, by an electro-magnetic switch. According to the present invention, the coil of the electro-magnetic switch is arranged in the circuit of the field-magnet winding or of an extra closed-circuited winding arranged on the field magnet so as to be actuated by sudden changes in the field flux of the machine; in the former case, an adjustable choking coil may be connected in parallel with the actuating coil of the switch so that normal flux changes due to starting, stopping, or voltage adjustment of the machine would not actuate the switch. The armature winding may be shortcircuited on overload by a second electro-magnetic switch, the coil of which is connected in the load circuit. The switches may be reset .either automatically or manually.
Patent GB-1013131-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ratemeters for electrical pulses
Inventor: COOKE-YARBOROUGH EDMUND HARRY
IPC: G01R23/09
Filed: 1962-03-29
Abstract: 1,013,131. Pulse ratemeters. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. March 22, 1963 [March 29, 1962], No. 12196/62. Heading H3A. A pulse ratemeter of constant discriminating power comprises a storage capacitor C2 charged by incoming pulses V and discharged by a current I at a constant rate independent of the incoming pulse rate and means, e.g. a virtual earth amplifier 1 with feedback circuit R1, C1 for producing an output voltage V proportional to the difference between the discharge current I and the current due to background pulses alone (with the input pulses suppressed) and using it vary the charge per input pulse fed to the storage capacitor C2 proportional to V. The charge q per pulse is thus made proportional to where #a is the tolerance rate determining the discharge current I and #b is the background rate. V is set up by connecting the switch S, with the incoming pulses (other than background pulses) suppressed, then disconnecting it for the incoming pulse count, the output voltage V being held constant by the capacitor C1. Transistor J2<SP>1</SP> is normally cut off and J1<SP>1</SP> conducting but these conditions are reversed by the input pulses V1 and a pulse of amplitude proportional to V fed to the capacitor C2. In a modification C2 is replaced by a resistor across which a voltage is produced and applied through a series capacitor to a diode pump rectifier circuit charging the capacitor C2. Alternatively C2 may be a feedback capacitor of a Miller integrator amplifier and followed by an inverter operational amplifier. Specification 887,043 is referred to.
Patent GB-1430623-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for continuous hydrostatic extrusion
IPC: B21C23/00
Filed: 1973-03-14
Abstract: 1430623 Extruding KOBE STEEL Ltd 14 March 1973 [17 March 1972] 12226/73 Heading B3P A hydrostatic extrusion apparatus includes a winding spool 2 within the pressure chamber 1 so that wire stock 8 can be pulled through a drawing die 9 or a seal in the wall of the chamber and subsequently extruded by the hydrostatic pressure through an extrusion die 12 in a continuous process. The wire frictionally engages the spool but the engagement may be assisted by a spring urged plate or shoe 18 or by a grooved cap (19), Fig. 2 (not shown), which fits over the spool. To assist the extrusion the wire may be heated before extrusion by means of an electric current fed to a roller, Fig. 3, contacting the wire and short circuited along the wire to the extrusion die 12. An insulated cover 26 retains the heated hydrostatic fluid. Several pressure chambers may be arranged in series, Fig. 4, so that the extruded wire from the chamber is fed on to a spool in the next chamber. The spools are geared together 121, 132 to provide successively faster drive. The pressure P 1 , P 2 , P 3  in the chambers may be arranged so that P 1 <P 2 <P 3  or P 1 <P 2 >P 3 . In alternative embodiments the spool is arranged transversely of the chamber, Fig. 5 (not shown), with axial drawing and extruding or the spool is arranged axially of the chamber, Fig. 8 (not shown), and the drawing and extruding dies (208), (209) are arranged in the side wall of the chamber. The wire may be aluminium, copper or steel and the hydrostatic fluid may be liquid or gas, e.g. mineral oil, vegetable oil, glycerine and water, light oil, silicon oil, argon, or nitrogen.
Patent GB-1325945-A (GB)
Title: Process of making razor blades
IPC: C23C14/02
Filed: 1971-04-29
Abstract: 1325945 Cleaning and coating razor blades GILLETTE CO 29 April 1971 [27 May 1970] 12258/71 Headings C7E and C7F A stack 10 of razor blades is first cleaned by connecting it to a R.F. source whilst a source 16 of e.g. Cr, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide or Pt-Cr alloys is grounded and then after 10 wattminutes of energy per sq. inch of exposed blade edge has been applied, the stack is grounded and the source 16 is connected to the R.F. supply to coat the blade edges. The pressure in the chamber is 1 to 500 microns and the gas is hydrogen or an inert gas e.g. argon. A magnetic field may be provided by coils outside the chamber. The coating may be subsequently given a polymeric coating, e.g. a sintered fluorocarbon.
Patent GB-1384281-A (GB)
Title: Formation of photographic records
IPC: G03H1/34
Filed: 1972-03-16
Abstract: 1384281 Diffraction gratings TRADE & INDUSTRY SECRETARY OF STATE FOR 10 May 1973 [16 March 1972] 12272/72 Heading G2J In forming diffraction gratings by interferometric methods, the original beam of coherent light from which the two interfering beams are produced in known manner, is passed through a rotating diffuser. By thus modifying the coherence of the light the effects of dust and optical aberrations is minimized.
Patent GB-1098931-A (GB)
Title: Cationic natural and synthetic polymeric products and process for preparation under acid conditions
Inventor: O'CONNOR MICHAEL NIALL
IPC: C08F8/30
Filed: 1965-03-23
Abstract: Cationic nitrogen-containing polymers are obtained by reacting a polyhydric polymer or a proteinaceous material with cyanamide or a salt thereof in an aqueous acid medium containing sufficient acid to provide at least one equivalent of acid for each equivalent of cyanamide and including, when a cyanamide salt is used, sufficient acid to neutralize the salt and an amount of water sufficient to swell the polymer or protein but not exceeding the amount required to dissolve it.  The protein may be corn, wheat or soya flour or gluten or casein from milk or cheese. The polyhydric polymer can be polyvinyl alcohol or a cellulose or another polysaccharide, corn starch being exemplified. The weight ratio of polymer to cyanamide may be 0.5-10:1.  The acid may be added in the form of an acid salt of cyanamide and sufficient to give a pH less than 1.  In some examples glacial acetic acid is added as diluent.ALSO:Cationic nitrogen-containing polymers are obtained by reacting lignin with cyanamide or a salt thereof in an aqueous acid medium containing sufficient acid to provide at least one equivalent of acid for each equivalent of cyanamide and including, when a cyanamide salt is used, sufficient acid to neutralize the salt and an amount of water sufficient to swell the lignin but not exceeding the amount required to dissolve it.  The weight ratio of lignin to cyanamide may be 0.5-10:1.  The acid may be added in the form of an acid salt of cyanamide and sufficient to give a pH less than 1.  In some examples, glacial acetic acid is added as diluent.
Patent GB-555973-A (GB)
Title: An improvement in or relating to electrodes used in the electrolytic production and/or deposition of metals and metallic compounds
IPC: C25C7/02
Filed: 1943-02-05
Abstract: 555,973. Electrodes. WOOD, C. C. Feb. 5, 1943, No. 123/42. [Class 41] An electrode adapted for the production of white lead, metal in powder form, &c. is provided with means whereby a stream of CO 2  or other gas in a finely divided state is caused to travel along with aqueous electrolyte around and in close proximity to the surface of the electrode. The lead anode a in the construction shown, which is suitable for the production of white lead, is cast around a copper rod b axially bored at b<SP>1</SP> and having means b<SP>2</SP> for connection to a supply of compressed gas which on emerging at the bottom of the bore meets a stream of electrolyte entering the hollow enclosing cathode d through an inlet e<SP>1</SP>. The gas-charged electrolyte after flowing up over the surface of the anode emerges from aperture d<SP>2</SP> carrying with it the white lead in suspension.
Patent GB-643615-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hose clamps
IPC: F16L33/23
Filed: 1948-05-05
Abstract: 643,615. Pipe joints; pipe fittings. WEEKS & SON, Ltd., W., and KIRBY, E. P. May 5, 1948, No. 12344. [Classes 99(i) and 99(ii)] [Also in Group XXV] Means for securing a  hose to a union or the like comprises a union 2 of the kind having at least one enlargement 5 having a diameter greater than the bore of the hose 1, and a sleeve-formed clamp consisting of two similar members adapted to surround the hose over the spigot of the union, the bore of the clamp having restrictions 9 of a diameter slightly less than the external diameter of the hose and gripping the hose on either side of the enlargement 5 of the spigot, and hollowed out parts 10 adjacent the enlargements of the spigot, the clamp also comprising means such as a part 12 with a flared mouth 11 entirely surrounding the end of the spigot to prevent bending of the hose at the end of the latter. The two parts of the clamp may be secured together by screws through holes 20, or by hinges on one side and screws on the other.
Patent GB-1421765-A (GB)
Title: Pressure liquefied fuel burner
IPC: F23D14/70
Filed: 1972-03-16
Abstract: 1421765 Fuel-vaporizing burners BRITISH PETROLEUM CO Ltd 15 Feb 1973 [16 March 1972] 12344/72 Heading F4T A burner has a slot 24 which is connected to a liquefied gas fuel supply line 14 and isarranged to direct the fuel in gaseous form over an external director surface of a Coanda body 31, said surface having an initially curved portion 29 contiguous to the slot 24 to initiate the flow of fuel gas and entrained air by means of the Coanda effect towards an adjacent tapered portion 30 of said surface on which portion 30 is located a baffle 33 adapted to deflect the gas flow so that the burner flame preheats the fuel line 14 by direct and radiant heat to vaporize liquified fuel therein and provide gaseous fuel to slot 24. The line 14 is formed as a coil (11), Fig. 1 (not shown), above the baffle 23 and coaxial with the body 31. A tubular wind shield may be located around the burner.
Patent GB-1056514-A (GB)
Title: Current-sensing devices
IPC: H02P7/00
Filed: 1964-03-24
Abstract: 1,056,514. Control of D.C. motors. BROOKHIRST IGRANIC Ltd. March 24, 1964 [April 5. 1963], No. 12367/64. Heading H2J. [Also in Divisions G3 and H3] An A.C. output indicative of the D.C. current in a bus conductor 8 is produced by a transductor 52 comprising saturable cores 56, 58 and opposed A.C. windings 60, 62, and the polarity of the D.C. current is sensed by a saturable reactor 54 comprising cores 74, 76 and assisting A.C. windings 70, 72, the saturable reactor operating in association with rectifiers 80, 82 and a relay 88. The output of the transductor is rectified at 64 and is applied over relay changeover contacts 87 to the feedback windings 36 of transductors 14, 16 operating in push-pull, the position of the relay contacts as controlled by the D.C. current direction through reactor 54 determining the direction of the rectified transductor current through the feedback windings. The transductor 52 is conventional, while the saturable reactor (which can consist of one core only) causes asymmetry of the A.C. current through windings 70, 72. The polarity of the D.C. current determines the sense of the asymmetry by causing earlier saturation of the reactor cores in one half cycle of an A.C. cycle than in the other. If the asymmetry is such that the half waves through rectifier 82 are the more pronounced, then relay 83 operates and reverses the direction of feedback current. The arrangement is applied to a motor control system in which a D.C. motor 2 is energized by a generator 4 the output of which is determined by the push-pull energization of fields 10, 12 through the transductors 14, 16 the arrangement preventing excess current to the motor or the occurrence of reverse current from the motor to the generator which may arise from the sudden application or removal of load respectively. The transductors are auto-self-excited parallel transductors the rectified outputs of which are applied to the generator fields in opposed relationship. Speed control is effected by a variable resistor 46, and direction control by a changeover switch 44, both being connected in series with control windings 34. The transductors are balanced by bias windings 32.