Patent GB-499194-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to spray compositions for the control of horticultural parasites
Filed: 1937-04-16
Abstract: Mono-olefines of a range boiling below 600 DEG  F. at 3,5 mm pressure, free from aromatic, cyclic or unsaturated hydrocarbons of other types and stated to be non-injurious to foliage when used for insecticidal purposes, are obtained by polymerizing low-boiling or gaseous mono-olefines and fractionating the product.  The low boiling olefines may be the product of cracking processes or of the dehydration of higher aliphatic saturated alcohols.  In an example, hydrocarbons resulting from the cracking of petroleum and comprising butane, propane, normal and iso-olefines including propylene, were, after purification with sodium plumbite, agitated with anhydrous aluminium chloride in an apparatus fitted with a reflux condenser and on fractionation, the polymers furnished an oil having a boiling range of 113-260 DEG  C. at 3,5 mm. pressure.  In a second example, a gas obtained by cracking petroleum was bubbled through a suspension of aluminium chloride in petroleum ether.  Polymerization temperatures of 15,6, 51,7, 65,6 and 93,3 DEG  C. are instanced, the yield of low boiling polymers increasing as the temperature is raised. Other catalysts may be employed, e.g. anhydrous ferric chloride, boron trifluoride, strong phosphoric acid, alone or with a siliceous carrier.ALSO:An insecticidal preparation comprises an admixture of liquid mono-olefine hydrocarbons boiling below about 600 DEG F. at 3,5 millimetres mercury pressure together with a wetting, spreading or emulsifying agent.  The preparation may be diluted with petroleum oils of the type used in sprays or with one to ten times its volume of more volatile petroleum hydrocarbons.  Mineral or vegetable insect poisons may also be added, e.g. lead arsenate, bordeaux mixture, lime-sulphur, nicotine extracts, derris, cube, rotenon, pyrethrum &c.  The emulsifying and spreading agents include alkali metal caseinates, soaps, salts of petroleum sulphonates, partly hydrolysed esters of glycerol and higher fatty or naphthenic acids; oleic and like acids may be dissolved in the oil and emulsified by the use of water containing alkali.  Other spreading and stabilizing agents are glue, soap bark, dextrin, gamboge, blood albumen, water soluble sulphonic acids, molasses. Mono-olefines of suitable range and stated to be non-injurious to foliage are obtained by polymerizing low boiling or gaseous olefines, resulting, e.g. from cracking processes or from dehydration of higher aliphatic saturated alcohols, and fractionating the product.  Examples refer to the use of anhydrous aluminium chloride as a polymerization catalyst for cracked petroleum products.  In one bite the hydrocarbons comprising butane, propane, normal and iso-olefines, including propylene, were agitated with aluminium chloride in an apparatus fitted with a reflux condenser and on fractionation the polymers furnished an oil having a boiling range of 113-260 DEG  C. at 3,5mm. pressure. In a second example a gas obtained by cracking petroleum was bubbled through a suspension of aluminium chloride in petroleum ether.  Polymerization temperatures of 15,6, 51,7, 65,6 and 93,3 DEG  C., are instanced, the yield of low boiling polymers increasing as the temperature is raised.  Other catalysts may be employed, e.g. anhydrous ferric chloride, boron trifluoride, strong phosphoric acid alone or with a siliceous carrier.