baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-847419-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for the production of electric heating elements
Inventor: KITCHER DONALD
IPC: H05B3/48
Filed: 1958-03-04
Abstract: 847,419. Electric heating elements. SANTON Ltd. March 2, 1959 [March 4, 1958], No. 6827/58. Class 39(3). A process for the production of an electric heating element of the tubular metal sheathed type comprises the steps of lining a metal sheath 2 with a crushable ceramic tubular lining, e.g. in the form of bushes 3, disposing a resistance spiral 4 axially within the said lining, and swaging the metal sheath to crush the ceramic lining to a powder and force part of said powder through the turns of the resistance spiral 4 so as to fill the space 5 within the spiral and pack the powder to the necessary density for heat conducting and electrical insulating purposes.
Patent GB-525864-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for testing friction of bearings or efficiency of lubricating
IPC: G01N19/02
Filed: 1939-03-02
Abstract: 525,864. Friction-testing apparatus. BOCCASILE, G. I. March 2, 1989, No. 6854. Convention date, April 2, 1938. [Class 106(ii)] In an apparatus for testing the friction of bearings or the efficiency of lubrication a test lever is mounted on a rotatable shaft to measure the frictional torque exerted by the shaft on the lever, and the friction pressure between the lever and the shaft is applied by a force exerting unit bodily and completely carried by the lever. The lever structure includes a frame 18 mounted on the rotatable shaft 14. Force is exerted on the bearing by collars 29 operated by a spring 25, the latter being compressed by a nut 23 carrying an index 22 co-operating with a scale 21. The reaction of this force is taken by collars 30 and 31 connected to frame 18. The torque exerted on frame 18 is measured by shifting counterpoises 20a and 20b on graduated arms 19 to maintain the structure in equilibrium. The bearings under test may be provided with thermocouples so that their temperatures can be observed.
Patent GB-867568-A (GB)
Title: A process for alloying electrodes onto a body of semi-conducting material
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1960-02-26
Abstract: 867,568. Semi-conductor devices. SIEMENSSCHUCKERTWERKE A.G. Feb. 26, 1960 [Feb. 27, 1959], No. 6863/60. Class 37. In producing a semi-conductor device having a PN junction, e.g. a transistor or a rectifier, two electrodes, spaced apart and one within the other, are alloyed on to a body of semi-conductor material which is so heated that its temperature rises at a rate of at least 20 Centrigrade degrees a minute. It is stated that this prevents the alloy zones associated with the electrodes from extending towards one another, as is the tendency, for instance, when alloying concentric electrodes on to bodies of Ge or Si cut along a (III)-plane; thus, the distance between the electrodes may be reduced. In an example, concentric electrodes alloyed to a Si body, the temperature of which is raised from 300- 700‹ C. in 20 minutes or less, may be 75Á apart instead of the usual 200Á or more.
Patent GB-465848-A (GB)
Title: Production of maleic acid
IPC: C07C51/25
Filed: 1936-03-07
Abstract: Maleic acid is prepared by vapour phase oxidation of a butylene, butadiene, normal or secondary butyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof with an oxygen-containing gas in excess of the amount required for complete combustion and in the presence of a catalyst containing vanadium.  Air, which may be enriched with oxygen or diluted with inert gas such as nitrogen, may be used, the temperatures being about 250--400 DEG  C. and preferably, with butyl alcohols, about 300--310 DEG  C.  The preferred catalyst consists of a mixture of tin vanadate with molybdenum oxide and, if desired, titanium oxide.  Oxalic acid is used as a binder and the catalyst is supported on an artificial silicious filter stone, e.g. that known as Filtros.  The components are mixed with water, and the mixture dried, and ignited in the catalyst tube in a stream of air at about 350 DEG  C.  In examples: (1) butenes-1 and 2, prepared by dehydration of n- and sec-butyl alcohols respectively with activated alumina at 350 DEG  C., are separately oxidized by passing with excess air over the catalyst described at about 350 DEG  C.; (2) material containing all the butylenes, butadiene, and butane is similarly oxidized using air diluted with nitrogen to an oxygen content of 18 per cent; (3) butadiene is oxidized, as in (1); (4) vapours of butanol-1 and 2 are passed with air over the same catalyst at 300--310 DEG  C.ALSO:A catalyst for the oxidation of butylenes, butadiene, or butyl alcohols to maleic acid consists of a mixture of tin vanadate with molybdenum oxide and, if desired, titanium oxide.  Oxalic acid is used as a binder and the catalyst supported on an artificial silicious filter stone, e.g. that known as Filtros.  The components are mixed with water, and the mixture dried, and ignited in a stream of air at about 350 DEG  C.
Patent GB-389980-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fuel pumps for the injection of fuel into internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M59/04
Filed: 1932-03-09
Abstract: 389,980. Fuel-injection pumps. EVANS, A. F., 2, Castleton Mansions, Castelnau, Barnes, London. March 9, 1932, No. 7017. [Class 102 (i).] In a fuel-injection pump of the type described in Specification 298,257, [Class 102 (i), Pumps &c.], in which a cylinder 9 and a plunger 8 reciprocate in opposite directions, a number of pump units are arranged around a central shaft 5 carrying two oppositely-disposed swashplates 13, the upper swash-plate operating the cylinders and the lower swash-plate operating the plungers. Each swash-plate comprises an outer non-rotating part 16 and an inner part 13, 14 secured on the shaft 5, a ball bearing 15 being arranged between the two parts. The outer parts are formed with fingers 17 engaging balls 21 in the heads 20 of the cylinders and plungers, the balls being held by caps 24. The balls 21 and fingers 17 of the cylinder heads are perforated for the passage of the plungers. The inner wall of the outer casing 1 forms a guide for the heads 20 and the heads of the plungers may be elongated in order to equalize the weights of the oppositely-reciprocating parts. A wall 2 separates the driving mechanism from the suction chamber 3.
Patent GB-374847-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to blast furnaces and cupola furnaces
IPC: C21B5/06
Filed: 1931-03-06
Abstract: 374,847. Purifying ; refining. L. F. T. FONDERIES, 36, Route de Flandre, La Courneuve, Seine, France. March 6, 1931, No. 7063. Convention date, Nov. 22, 1930. [Class 72.] In a blast furnace or cupola furnace the gases produced escape through a stack with which is associated an injector fed with air under pressure, by means of which a portion of the gases in admixture with air are returned to the fusion zone of the furnace, the remainder of the gases continuing through the stack. The upper opening of the furnace is normally closed by a double valve 21, Fig. 3, and the gases produced escape by way of pipes 13, 17, 15 to a stack 16. An injector 7 supplied with air from a pipe 4 entrains a portion of the gases from the pipe 13, and returns them to the furnace through tuyeres 10. Another injector 18a draws a portion of the gases through a heat exchange chamber 18 in which they are burnt to heat the air supply for the injector 7. Molten iron collecting in the hearth 3 may be drawn off for casting at 23. In a modification, Fig. 4, the iron may be fed directly to a casting chamber 29 or first fed through a perforated plate 25 into a treatment chamber 26 in which an atmosphere of determined composition, temperature and pressure is maintained and may comprise nascent oxygen or furnace gases. The treatment chamber is heated by furnace gases by means of a heat exchanger 27. An artificial atmosphere may also be maintained in the casting chamber 29 which is heated by furnace gases by means of a heat exchanger 33. In a further modification, Fig. 5, the hearth is closed at a certain level by a plate 50 and air or a mixture of air and furnace gases may be blown through tuyeres 34, 35 into the lower portion of the hearth which thus forms a treatment chamber. Air under pressure is supplied from a pipe 46 to a group of injector nozzles 41 positioned at one end of the heat exchange chamber 18 and entrains furnace gases from a pipe 44 communicating directly with pipes 17, 13, the mixture being fed to the hearth by pipes 38, 39. The gases escape from the hearth through an annular outlet 51 and a pipe 62 and may be fed to the lower part of the furnace together with the mixture of air and gases from the injector 7 or, alternatively may be fed through the chamber 18 to the stack 16. Specification 294,239, [Class 72, Iron &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-409118-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of wheel rims and other articles subject towear
IPC: C22C38/18
Filed: 1933-03-08
Abstract: Wheel rims and other articles subject to wear are made from eutectoid steels containing double carbide formers such as manganese, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadium, less than 0.9 per cent of carbon, and preferably 0.35-0.8 per cent of silicon, and containing also up to 7 per cent of nickel, or up to 1.5 per cent of copper, or both. The steels containing copper may be reheated at 450-550 DEG  C. for 4-8 hours.
Patent GB-108666-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in connection with the Building and Launching of Reinforced Concrete Boats.
Inventor: ALFSEN HARALD
IPC: B63B5/16
Filed: 1917-05-17
Abstract: 108,666. Alfsen, H. Aug. 11, 1916, [Convention date]. Moulds for building. -Reinforced concrete boats are cast in an inverted position upon an interior mould forming a permanent but easily dismountable structure, and are subsequently launched in the inverted position and are turned over whilst floating in the water. The boat is built upon a platform 4, Fig. 1, on a framed mould 3 preferably provided with airtight compartments 5. The outside boarding 2 extends only along the vertical sides of the boat. After launching, air escapes through holes 6 in the bottom of the boat until it reaches the awash position shown in Fig. 4, when it turns over by the action of the buoyant compartments 5, or by means of the buoyancy of the material of the mould alone, and reaches the awash position shown in Fig. 7. The boat is then pumped free of water and the mould removed. The holes 6 may have non-return valves therein to prevent the entrance of water after the craft has been turned over. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) extends the application of the above method to other floating craft, such as ships, lighters, barges, pontoons, and the like. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-701195-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in detachable joints for connecting rods or the like
IPC: F16B7/18
Filed: 1952-03-20
Abstract: 701,195. Rod couplings. WOOTTON, H. March 20, 1952, No. 7164/52. Class 99 (1). In a rod coupling of the kind in which a spigot pin 3 engages non-rotatably in a socket 8 and is secured by a nut 5 rotatably mounted thereon, the spigot has an enlarged square head 4 which is engaged by the flange of the nut.
Patent GB-1166243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Tubular Semi-Permeable Membranes.
Inventor: PEPPER DEREK
IPC: B29D7/01
Filed: 1966-02-18
Abstract: 1,166,243. Tubular semi-permeable cellulose acetate membrane. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. 30 Jan., 1967 [18 Feb., 1966], No. 7286/66. Heading B5B. In a process for manufacturing a tubular semi-permeable membrane, cellulose acetate casting solution contained in a vessel 1, is forced by a piston 3, through an annular orifice 7 defined by a conical portion 4 of the said vessel and a tube 6 which passes axially through the main portion of the vessel. A further tube 8 is contained within the tube 6 and its end extends below the said annular orifice. The tube is cast through the orifice into a water bath 5 and air supplied, under pressure, by the tube 6, dries a portion of the interior surface thereof. A mixture of air and water is withdrawn through tube 8, thereby causing a constant flow of water through the tube after it is formed and subsequent to the drying stage. The tube may then be treated with hot water to improve its properties.
Patent GB-735754-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to picker assemblies
IPC: D03D49/36
Filed: 1952-03-21
Abstract: 735,754. Band clips. HARGREAVES, H. March 31, 1953 [March 21, 1952], No. 7295/52. Addition to 708,902, [Group IX]. Class 44. [Also in Group IX] A clip for securing a loom picker to a picking stick, comprises a wire cable 11 that passes through a hole in the picker and has its ends releasably secured to a bridge piece 15, and a screw 22 that engages a tapped hole 20 in the bridge piece and co-operates with a thrust member 18 to tension the cable. Nipples 12 on the ends of the cable engage correspondingly shaped notches in the bridge piece.
Patent GB-1020667-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to petroleum distillation
IPC: C10G7/00
Filed: 1964-02-21
Abstract: In the distillation of petroleum crudes the yield of gas oil is increased by combining the atmospheric gas oil with at least part of the atmospheric residue and redistilling.  In one embodiment the residue is vacuum flashed and the front 10-40% wt. combined with the gas oil and vacuum distilled in a reboiled column. Alternatively the whole residue is combined with the gas oil and vacuum flashed in a tower containing fractionating trays.
Patent GB-575880-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to percussive tools operated by internal combustion of charges
IPC: B25D9/10
Filed: 1944-04-20
Abstract: 575,880. Percussive tools. WARSOP PETROL DRILL & TOOLS, Ltd., and WARSOP, N. W. April 20, 1944, No. 7347 [Class 124] In an internal-combustion percussive tool in which a hammer piston a, a<1> or a<3> is driven in one direction in its cylinder d, d<1> or d<3> by pressure gases from the engine cylinder e, e<1> or e<3>, the latter is provided with a spring-loaded cylinder head or valve j, j<1> or j<3> which normally closes a port q, q<1> or q<3> leading to the cylinder of the hammer piston, the spring loading being adjustable to vary the time of opening of the port and therefore the power of the hammer stroke. Figs. 1 and 3 show a cylinder head j with a depression to accommodate the deflector projection x on the engine piston f, and working in an enlarged chamber between aligned cylinders d, e. The head j is provided with studs l which project through slots in the wall of the chamber and are pressed upwardly by springs k the tension of which is adjusted by screws m and lock nuts n. A passage s conveys combustion gases to the bottom of the cylinder d to return the piston a to its raised position, and the cylinder d is provided with release ports v and bleed holes u, w. Fig. 5 shows the hammer cylinder d<1> arranged to one side of the engine cylinder e<1> which is above the crank-shaft i<1>, whilst the spring cylinder head j carries the sparking plug p<1> and is loaded by a spring k<1> which is adjusted by a screw ring m<1>. In a modification, the hammer piston a<1> is blown upwardly and strikes its blows by falling under the action of gravity and/or springs. Fig. 7 shows a large tool in which the valve j<3> is much smaller than the end of the engine cylinder, and its spring k<3> is adjusted by a screw m<3>. The hammer cylinders d<1>, d<3> may be at an angle to the engine cylinders el, e<3>.
Patent GB-420518-A (GB)
Title: Textile assistants
IPC: D06P1/649
Filed: 1933-03-23
Abstract: Acid amides, stated to be useful as wetting, foaming and emulsifying agents and detergents are obtained by condensation of fatty acids with amino alcohols having the formula NHR(CHOH)nCH2OH, in which R stands for hydrogen or an alkyl hydrocarbon radicle with not more than 5 carbons and n is 5 or 6. The products may be treated with 5 or more molecules of ethylene oxide for each molecule of acid amide.  In example: (1) methyl-glucamine is condensed with stearic acid, ricinoleic acid or the acids obtained from coconut oil or spermaceti; the products are treated with ethylene oxide; (2) the acid amide obtained according to example 1 from stearic acid after condensation with ethylene oxide, is used in a bath for dyeing wool containing Solochrome black PV, acetic acid and Glauber's salt, the wool is finally chromed; (3) crude glucamine is condensed with stearic acid and then with ethylene oxide.  According to the Provisional Specification the products may be used for increasing the fastness to rubbing of indigo dyed material.  Specification 414,403 also is referred to.ALSO:Products stated to be useful as emulsifying agents are obtained by treating with at least 5 molecules of ethylene oxide, acid amides derived from fatty acids and amino alcohols having the formula NRH(CHOH)rCH2OH in which R stands for hydrogen or an alkyl hydrocarbon radicle with not more than 5 carbons and n is 5 or 6.  In examples, crude glucamine and methyl glucamine are condensed with stearic acid, ricinoleic acid and the acids derived from coconut oil and spermaceti and then treated with ethylene oxide.
Patent GB-330305-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of ª¤-hydroxy carboxylic acids of fluorene
IPC: C07C65/17
Filed: 1929-03-06
Abstract: 330,305. Carpmael, A., (1. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). March 6, 1929. Fluorene derivatives. - o-Hydroxycarboxylic acids of fluorene are made by causing carbon dioxide to act on 2-hydroxyfluorene in the presence of alkali hydroxide or carbonate, or on an alkali compound of 2-hydroxyfluorene. The new acids are intermediate products for dyestuffs, and therapeutic agents. In an example, 2-hydroxyfluorene is ground with potassium bicarbonate, and heated with carbon dioxide under pressure, the product being a mixture of the 2-hydroxy-3- carboxy- and the 2-hydroxy-1-carboxyfluorene. Arylides of the acids are obtained by the usual methods, e.g. o-anisidine gives the o-anisidide of 2-hydroxyfluorene-3-carboxylic acid.
Patent GB-266917-A (GB)
Title: Poultry dry mash hopper with a positive and automatic action to prevent clogging
IPC: A01K39/012
Filed: 1926-03-18
Abstract: 266,917. Smith, W. B. March 18, 1926. Feeding-appliances for animals.-A food hopper for poultry and the like has a container a supported on a central upright rod d by radial arms e. The rod is supported on a base f that may be adapted to be screwed or bolted to the floor. The bottom 'b of the hopper is supported by a nut or collar j so that it can rock when 'birds move on' perches c secured to it. A frame m restricts the movement of the bottom. The nut j may be adjusted along the rod. The rod d may be hollow and a rod extend therethrough from the top to facilitate the adjustment of the bottom b. A screen p may extend over the food. The. trough may have an inturned rim and may be provided with a lid or lids opened automatically by the weight of the fowls.
Patent GB-374880-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the nitrogenisation of iron steel and alloys thereof
IPC: C23C8/26
Filed: 1931-03-12
Abstract: In a process for nitrogenizing iron, steel and alloys thereof, the iron &c. is subjected to the action of a gaseous nitrogenizing agent while in close association with a pre-nitrogenized ferrous alloy which should contain at least one nitrogenization-promoting element. If an alloy is being nitrogenized, the latter should contain at least one of the same nitrogenization-promoting elements as the pre-nitrogenized alloy.  The iron &c. to be treated may be packed or embedded in the pre-nitrogenized alloy in the form of filings or powder or may be wrapped or embedded in wire or wire gauze composed of the said alloy.  Other accelerators such as those described in Specifications 373,284, 374,096 and 374,097 may be used in conjunction with the pre-nitrogenized alloy and inert substances such as carbon, magnesia, &c. may be used as filling material.  In an example an alloy containing 0,5 per cent of vanadium and 1,5 of chromium was treated in the presence of chips of pre-nitrogenized chromium-vanadium steel.
Patent GB-386474-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with means for connecting tubes end to end
IPC: E04G7/20
Filed: 1932-03-15
Abstract: 386,474. Rod couplings. SCAFFOLDING (GREAT BRITAIN), Ltd. and JONES, D. PALMER-, 344, South Lambeth Road, London. March 15, 1932, No. 7650. [Class 99 (i). Pipes c, c<1> are connected end to end by a spigot comprising a main longitudinal section a with each end a<2>, a<3> of which is associated an adjustable section b less than half the length of the main section a and adapted to be drawn towards or moved away therefrom by a screw e threaded therethrough, the middle of the main section and the inner ends of the adjustable sections being shaped to fit within an annulus d. The main section is cranked at its middle to fit against diametrically opposite sides of the pipes c, c<1> and the adjustable sections lie on diametrically opposite sides of the main section. The ends of the pipes abut against segmental enlargements a<10>, b<10> on the sections, the enlargements a<10> on the main section being so shaped that the annulus d may be passed over either of them to the middle of the section. The adjustable sections b fit into recesses in the main section to avoid rotation relative thereto and have projections b<9> at their inner ends which serve as fulcra when the sections are drawn towards the main section. Specification 368,474 is referred to.
Patent GB-568696-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sound-absorbing devices
IPC: E04B1/82
Filed: 1943-05-13
Abstract: 568,696. Building slabs. NEELANDS, A. R. May 13, 1943, No. 7650. [Class 87 (i)] A sound absorbing panel comprises a slab M of wood wool bound with plaster or cement shaped at the edges to fit into channels in supporting stanchions D, E and provided with a light-steel channel F on the upper and lower edges and in the case of tubular uprights on the vertical edges also, the front and back surfaces of the slab having a covering of calico, perforated metal or tangled metal strip or wire attached to the framework and retained in position by a wire mesh or netting J. Specifications 520,757, [Group XIII], and 544,042 are referred to.
Patent GB-526157-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the stretching of artificial yarns, foils and similar materials
IPC: D01F2/28
Filed: 1939-03-09
Abstract: 526,157. Stretching artificial filaments. &c. MONCRIEFF, R. W., and SAMMONS, C. W. March 9, 1939, No 7669. [Classes 2 (ii) and 15 (i)] Artificial filaments, foils and the like having a basis of a cellulose ester or ether are stretched during their passage through steam and, prior to stretching, are subjected to the action of wet steam. As shown yarn from a package 19 disposed in a container 1 passes through an outlet 7 to a feed roller 8 and then into a stretching chamber 10 from which it passes to a winding- up device 17, 18 ; the container 1 has a steam inlet 2, a drain 3 and a cooling chamber 4 provided with an inlet 5 and an outlet 6 for cold water and the drain 3 projects up into the container so that a layer of condensed steam is maintained therein and the steam from the inlet 2 passes through this layer of water. Atmospheric pressure is maintained in the container by means of a small hole 20 and the outlet 7 extends above the level of the drain 3 so that the yarn &c. does not come into contact with the layer of water at the bottom of the container. The feed roller 8 is driven by a roller 9 and has a grooved portion around which the yarn &c. is led so as not to come into contact with the roller 9. The rollers are carried in bearings which are movable so that the rollers can be separated. The steam chamber 10 has inlet and outlet orifices 11, 12 and a small cup 13 filled with water surrounds the inlet 11 so that the yarn &c. is moistened as it enters the chamber ; the cup may be made of synthetic resin or other material of low heat conductivity so that the steam issuing from the chamber 10 condenses and maintains a layer of water in the cup up to the drain 14. Specifications 438,584, 438,585, 438,655, and 438,656 are referred to.