Patent GB-648640-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing solutions of solid vulcanized fatty oils
Filed: 1948-06-25
Abstract: Resinous vulcanized fatty oil solutions are prepared by the addition of hard or soft cumar resin, to a solution of a solid hot vulcanized fatty oil in a solvent.  The vulcanized fatty oil is rendered soluble in the solvent by the addition of a basic nitrogenous substance.  In use as coating compositions &c. the solvent evaporates to leave a hard elastic film.  Usual fatty oils, such as soya bean oil and castor oil, are vulcanized, and the solvents for each of the classes of fatty oils represented by soya bean oil and castor oil comprise mainly hydrocarbon solvents for the first and acetate and ketone solvents for the second class.  The basic nitrogeneous substances have a pH in excess of 8 and are at least partially soluble in the solvent used; ammonia, amines, amine alcohols and heterocyclic compounds such as piperidine and piperazine are specified.ALSO:Solid, hot vulcanized fatty oils are brought into solution in a suitable organic solvent by the addition of a basic nitrogenous substance. The film-like rubber substitute may be recovered practically unchanged by evaporating off the solvent.  The basic nitrogenous substances used must give a pH value in excess of 8 and be soluble to at least some extent in the organic solvent employed.  The substances comprise ammonia, aliphatic and aromatic amines, aliphatic diamines, and polyamines, amine alcohols and certain basic heterocyclic compounds; particular substances specified comprise methylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, ethylene and propylene diamines, aniline, dicyclohexylamine, mono-, di-, and triethanolamine, 2-amino-1-butanol, piperidine and piperazine.  In the case of a gaseous material, the substance is bubbled through the mixture.  The vulcanized fatty oils may be made from oils composed of glycerides of more or less unsaturated fatty acids containing only a carboxyl group, or from oils composed of glycerides of acids containing also a hydroxyl group. The fatty oils specified comprise rapeseed, soya bean, corn, peanut, sunflower, sesame, cottonseed and linseed oil of the first type of oils, and castor oil of the second type of oils. Solvents for the first type of oils comprise hydrocarbon solvents such as toluol, xylol, "Solvesso" (Registered Trade Mark), Shell solvent, "Amsco-Solv. A," Union solvent and "Hi-flash" solvent, turpentine, and certain blends such as solvent naphtha and isopropylacetate.  Solvents for the second type of oils comprise acetate solvents such as ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, or butyl acetate and ketones such as ethyl-methyl ketone, and methylisobutyl ketone. The rubber substitutes are only those made with the action of heat. The solutions may be prepared in the cold, but moderate heating may be used, agitation is desirable, and the presence of wetting agents, soaps, &c. is an advantage.  The solutions may be used for coating or impregnating solid or porous articles, the solvent on evaporation leaving a film of the rubber substitute.  The solutions may be compounded with rubber, plastics, resins, such as cumar, varnishes, paints, bituminous substances, tars, asphalts, waxes, and printing inks. The solutions may also be dispersed in water to form emulsions.