Patent GB-1155221-A (GB)
Title: Communication System.
Inventor: HOLMES LAWRENCE JR
IPC: H04L17/00
Filed: 1966-07-15
Abstract: 1,155,221. Telegraphy. L. HOLMES. 15 July, 1966 [29 July, 1965], No. 31885/66. Heading H4P. A known electric typewriter is modified to produce parallel-bit electric signals which are converted to serial form for transmission. A serial-parallel converter is also provided to permit the typewriter to receive transmitted serial signals. The typewriter is of the form in which all the characters which can be printed are mounted on a single head which is rotated and tilted to position the required character at the printing position. Depression of a character key causes the selective movement of six bars which control the position of the type head by mechanical combination of the displacements of the bars. A member is associated with each bar and each member carries a permanent magnet which, being displaced when the bar moves, operates an encapsulated reed-contactor, whence an electrical signal representing the position of the bar can be obtained. Each member is also connected to the armature of a solenoid so that when the solenoids are operated by received pulses the corresponding bars are displaced and, consequently, a character is printed. Function keys produce only single pulse when operated; a diode matrix converts the pulse to a six-bit signal for transmission. A received six-bit function signal is converted to a single pulse for initiating the corresponding function. Parallel-serial conversion, Fig. 21.-When a key is depressed each of the units CH1-CH5 has its S side set and, of the 6-bit signal generated by the keyboard, the first bit to be transmitted passes to unit NBI and the other bits, according to the bit state, set or do not set the M sides of units CH1-CH5. At the same time a clock unit generates clock pulses, these pulses opening gate 306 to pass the bit stored in NBI to the transmission line and also passing to unit L/A which pulses lines 307, 308 alternately. Thus the first clock pulse passes to S1 which, since CH1 has its S side set, passes the pulse over line 311 to enable gate M2. The pulse also passes over line 312 to set unit BL which energizes the set S and M sides of each of the units CH1-CH6 so that these units can be isolated from the typewriter. Unit CH2 is storing the state of the second bit of the six-bit signal, so now that M2 is enabled the bit is read from the M side and is stored in NBI. The second clock pulse passes this bit to the transmission line and also passes via L/A, over line 308, to gate S2. Since the S side of CH2 is set S2 passes the pulse to gate M3 and also resets both sides of unit CH1. The bit stored in CH3 is passed to NBI and transmitted by the third clock pulse. This clock pulse is sent by gate S1, the S side of CH1 now being reset, over line 309 to gate S3 and, the S side of CH3 being set, is passed to gate M4. Subsequent clock pulses act in similar manner until all the stored bits have been transmitted. The sixth pulse releases unit BL which thus reconnects units CH1-CH6 to the typewriter. Serial-parallel conversion. Fig. 33.-Mark and Space bits on transmission lines 514, 516 respectively, pass to unit L/A which directs each received bit to one of four paths depending upon whether the bit is odd or even numbered and Mark or Space. For example, if the first bit is a Mark it will pass to gate S2a. Gate S2a is controlled by the S side of unit CH2 which at present is not set. Thus the Mark bit passes via S2a to set the M and S sides of CH1. Had the first bit been a Space it would have passed via gate S2b to set the S side only of CH1. The next bit likewise sets the S side or both the S and M sides of unit CH2, and the third bit will pass via S2a or S2b to gate S4a or S4b because now the S side of CH2 is set. This continues until the first five bits are stored in CH1-CH5. The sixth bit passes over line 608 or 609 to the receiver store, to which the bits in CH1-CH5 are now also passed. The parallel signals from this store control the receiver typewriter. The receiver store is cleared prior to the end of the printing of the character stored. General.-The typewriter and the conversion circuits described above are described in detail in the Specification. The circuitry, which comprises transistors, makes use of reed confactors: in Fig. 21 units CH1-CH6, L/A, NBI and BL consist solely of reed contactors and diodes, Figs. 22-28 (not shown). The signals transmitted may be in return-to-zero form or simple binary, the latter employing a Start bit. Each function signal is represented by a 6-bit signal which, if the bits are regarded as binary weighted, includes a weight of 16 but not 4. This permits the function signals to be distinguished from character signals. Additionally each function signal indicates the current case shift by the presence or absence of weight 32. The typewriter is arranged to act as a receiver except when the keyboard is being used.