baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-787641-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to displacement measuring devices
Inventor: SPENCER ROLF EDMUND
IPC: G01B21/06
Filed: 1954-09-11
Abstract: 787,641. Photo-electric control systems. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Aug. 25, 1955 [Sept. 11, 1954; Oct. 5, 1954], Nos. 26356/54 and 28592/54. Class 40 (3). [Also in Group XXXVIII] In a device for measuring linear or angular displacement the displacement is arranged to vary the relative position of a pair of optical gratings producing a repetitive pattern such as moirÚ fringes, the pattern then being " tracked " either by chasing it with a photo-electric follower or by restoring it by means of fixed cells which move the second grating. As shown (Fig. 1) the invention is applied to measuring linear displacement. A transparent cylindrical grating 1 is attached to a machine tool 4 the movement of which is to be determined. Inside this grating is a light source. Surrounding it is a short grating 2 the rulings on which are slightly inclined to those on the inner cylinder. Photocells 9 and 10 mounted in a rotatable housing 7 receive light from points spaced by 180 degrees on the repetitive pattern and are connected to a comparison circuit 11 feeding an amplifier 12 and controlling a servomotor 13 which repositions the photo-cell housing. Movement of grating 1 causes the pattern to rotate about the axis of the grating and photo-cells 9, 10 follow the pattern with consequent magnification of the grating movement. Instead of a pair of cells a single cell may be caused to receive light alternately from the two positions by a rotating shutter (Fig. 3, not shown). Instead of the photo-cells following the pattern they may be fixed and their output used to move the outer grating to maintain the pattern in its original position (Fig. 4, not shown). In the arrangement of Fig. 5 the cells 9, 10 are arranged side by side longitudinally along the slot grating 2 a halfwave change of the moirÚ pattern taking place between the photo-cells by producing a halfline shift between the two parts. The single cell arrangement already referred to may be used in this embodiment also. In the arrangement of Fig. 6 drum 42 is ruled on its periphery and photo-cells 40 are situated inside cylindrical gatings 44, 45.
Patent GB-1352400-A (GB)
Title: Process for carrying out exothermic reactions requiring high starting  temperatures
IPC: B01J19/00
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1352400 Exothermic reactions FARBWERKE HOECHST AG 19 April 1971 [6 April 1970] 26358/71 Headings B1F and B1X A process for carrying out an exothermic reaction, e.g. catalytic, requiring a high starting temperature comprises passing a feed reaction mixture and a product mixture from the reaction through adjoining conduits of a heat exchanger, or conduits of a heat exchanger disposed immediately adjacently one within the other, to effect heat exchange between the product mixture and the feed reaction mixture, the product mixture and the feed reaction mixture both flowing through the heat-exchanger in the same direction, the arrangement being such that the heat exchanger serves both as a heat exchanger and as a reactor. Thus in Fig. 3, feed reaction mixture from 3 flows along outer tube 2 and is heated by product mixture from 4 flowing through inner tube 1.
Patent GB-919490-A (GB)
Title: Paving compositions
IPC: C08K3/34
Filed: 1960-07-29
Abstract: A paving composition comprises an aggregate, for example crushed sand or ground limestone, bonded with from 1 to 10% by weight of a composition comprising a substantially colourless thermoplastic linear olefin polymer, substantially free of cross-linking and having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and a softening point of at least 120 DEG F., said paving composition having a Marshall stability at 140 DEG F. of at least 2,000 lbs. and a Marshall stability/flow ratio at 140 DEG F. of at least 250.  The olefin polymers, which may be oil-resistant, may include polyethylene, crystalline high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylenepropylene copolymers, polyisobutylene or steam-cracked petroleum resins, either alone or with plasticizing amounts of elastomers, e.g. butyl rubber, hevea, GR-S, neoprene, diene-nitrile rubber, mineral oil, fatty oil, wax, or natural or synthetic resin, for example coumaroneindene resins, styrene-isobutylene resins, high styrene-low diene resins, and low molecular weight steam-cracked petroleum resins.  The composition may comprise both coarse and fine aggregates, and may also include titanium dioxide or other pigment.
Patent GB-792925-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in agricultural crop-handling machines
Inventor: SAVAGE WILLIAM L AWRENCE
IPC: A01D87/08
Filed: 1955-09-15
Abstract: 792,925. Load handling attachments for tractors. BLACKSTONE & CO., Ltd. Sept. 17, 1956 [Sept. 15, 1955], No. 26493/55. Class 78 (3). A crop-handling machine comprises a hitch bar 1 carrying tines 8, a wheeled U-shaped frame 2 pivoted to bar 1 and an hydraulic jack 12 which moves the bar 1 relative to frame 2 thereby raising and lowering the tines. Bar 1 is attached at 4 to the lower end of a pair of conveying links 20, 21 suspended from .the lift arms 18, 19 and is held against horizontal pivoting by a pin 15 which engages a longitudinal slot in the bar and is supported by converging arms 16 pivoted to the tractor at 17.
Patent GB-654322-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to motor vehicle direction indicators
Inventor: WATERS CHARLES DERYCK
IPC: B60Q1/34
Filed: 1948-10-12
Abstract: 654,322. Road-traffic signals on vehicles. LUCAS, Ltd., J. Oct. 12, 1948, No. 26498. [Class 118 (ii)] A motor vehicle direction indicator of the pivoted arm type comprises a box-like shroud open at both its inner and outer ends, the edges of its open outer end being flanged to form a beading round the slot in the vehicle body panelling in which the arm is mounted. The shroud is formed from a sheet of metal folded about the lower edge 20 and bent sharply at the top end to form two lugs 22 which are spot-welded together. The outside edges 21 are rolled over to form a beaded flange, and a projection 23 is formed in each side wall 15. The lugs 22 and projections 23 are set in from the outer edge 21 of the shroud by the thickness of the vehicle panelling 13 and the shroud, with the indicator 9 in place, may be inserted by placing lugs 22 behind the top of the slot 12 in the panel 13 and pressing the shroud in, the projections 23 being flattened inwards and then springing out again to lock the shroud in position behind the panel 13. A tapped lug 24 and screw 25 may be added if desired so that when the latter is tightened from inside the vehicle panelling 13 it forms an additional locating means. The sloping lower edge 20 of the shroud forms a gutter for draining water away outside the panelling 13. The shroud may be made of plastic or other materials.
Patent GB-316802-A (GB)
Title: Piston packing rings
IPC: F16J9/20
Filed: 1928-09-15
Abstract: 316,802. Oubridge, W. A. Sept. 15, 1928. Piston-packing. - A piston ring is provided with one or more oil retaining grooves 2 of sinuous form or comprising straight portions joined by curves.
Patent GB-746948-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in photographic reproduction processes and in materials therefor
Inventor: LEVENSON GERALD ISAAC PASTERNA
IPC: G03C8/06
Filed: 1952-10-22
Abstract: 746,948. Photographic layers; direct positive image production. KODAK, Ltd. Oct. 21, 1953 [Oct. 22, 1952], No. 26530/52. Class 98 (2). .A transparent support as of glass or film is provided with a layer of a dispersion of a sulphide, selenide or telluride, preferably of zinc sulphide; a layer containing a pigment, preferably gelatine with baryta or rutile; and a layer of light-sensitive silver halide emulsion. The layers may be in reverse order, the emulsion lying next to the support, and in this case the sulphide, selenide or telluride may be present in reduced amount. Exposure and development of the light-sensitive emulsion layer with simultaneous or subsequent treatment with a silver halide solvent produces a negative image in the emulsion and a corresponding positive in the sulphide dispersion layer, which positive may be viewed in the first arrangement through the transparent support and in the second directly, the high-lights of the positive being provided in both arrangements by the intermediate pigment layer. In the first arrangement, emulsion uppermost, an additional positive may be made by use of an imagereceiving layer on a separate support in contact with the exposed emulsion layer during processing. A further alternative is the provision of a stripping layer between the emulsion and the pigment layer, whereby, after preparation of the positive, the emulsion layer containing the negative silver image may be transferred to another transparent support, when it could be used for the production of prints in the normal manner. Specifications 654,631, 746,174 and 746,946 are referred to.
Patent GB-535026-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of perchlorethylene
IPC: C07C21/21
Filed: 1939-09-25
Abstract: 535,026. Perchlorethylene. HOWELL, W. N., and IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES. Ltd. Sept. 25, 1939, No. 26601. [Class 2 (iii)] Perchlorethylene is obtained by treating a solution of hexachlorethane with zinc in the presence of water at a temperature between 80‹C. and the boiling point of the solution, while maintaining the reaction mixture in a state of agitation, the solvent being one which is not attacked by zinc under the conditions of the reaction and gives a solution of hexa,- chlorethane boiling above 80‹C. The reaction may be performed under acid, neutral or alkaline conditions. Perchlorethylene itself may be used as the solvent ; benzene also is specified. Hexachlorethane-containing residues from the manufacture of chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, particularly trichlorethylene and perchlorethylene, may be employed as the hexachlorethane solution, but it is preferable to separate the hexachlorethane from such residues, e.g. by crystallization, and then to make a solution of it. Examples are given.
Patent GB-1086985-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for forming pellets
Inventor: FERGUS VERNON WAYNE
IPC: B01F7/02
Filed: 1965-06-23
Abstract: 1,086,985. Forming pellets of carbon black. CONTINENTAL CARBON CO. June 23, 1965 [Aug. 6, 1964], No. 26631/65. Heading B5A. A mixture of pulverulent carbon black with water is converted into pellets by feeding the carbon black at an inlet (10) to the interior of a stationary cylinder (2), Fig. 1 (not shown), of stainless steel or of carbon steel lined with rubber (3), provided with a pellet outlet (12) to a drying drum and with water spray ports (14), and within which a tube (25) is rotated which is provided with radially outwardly extending pins (30) adjustably threaded and locked against rotation into tapped apertures 28 thereof with the outer sharpened ends (38) of the pins (30) being spaced 1/8 to 1/4 inch from the stationary cylinder (2). The pins 30 may be arranged in a double helix 180 degrees apart, in two or more axially directed straight runs or in zig-zag pattern and may be of circular; triangular, rectangular or diamond shaped cross-section and are angularly adjustable to control the tendency of the leading edge to throw pellets upstream or downstream. The tube (25) may be of stainless steel or steel covered with plastics or rubber.
Patent GB-1249313-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to metering or relay valves for fluids
Inventor: FARR GLYN PHILLIP REGINALD
IPC: B60T13/14
Filed: 1968-06-05
Abstract: 1,249,313. Fluid-pressure brakes; valves. GIRLING Ltd. 5 June, 1969 [5 June, 1968], No. 26672/68. Headings F2F and F2V. A relay valve for a braking system comprises a housing 10 having inlet, exhaust and outlet ports 13, 15 (12, Fig. 2, not shown), communicating with a chamber 11. The inlet and exhaust ports are provided with valves 14, 17; 16, 18 which are operated by a lever 19 in such a manner that each valve closure member 17, 18 when in its closed position acts as a fulcrum for the lever 19 when the other closure member is opened. A control piston 22 acted on by the pressure in the chamber 11 in one direction and by a control force in the opposite direction actuates the lever. In the construction shown the control force is applied to the control piston through a piston 32 and pivoted lever 42, the pivot point of the lever 42 and the effective length of the piston 32 being variable. The lever 42 may also be manually actuated. The closure member 17 of the valve 14, 17 is spring-loaded through the lever 19 and the piston 22 is also provided with a spring loading. The spring loadings may be varied. The closure member 18 is either attached to the lever or made integral therewith.
Patent GB-520229-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon oil
IPC: C10G11/04
Filed: 1938-09-13
Abstract: 520,229. Cracking oils. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO. Sept. 13, 1938, No. 26673. Convention date, Nov. 18, 1937. [Class 32] Gasoline of improved anti-knock value is obtained by cracking, in presence of solid absorptive catalysts at temperatures between 800 and 900‹F., a gas oil fraction of a petroleum distillate which is free or substantially free from constituents boiling within the boiling range of the desired gasoline product ; preferably the initial boiling point of the fraction is at least 50‹F. higher than the final boiling point of the gasoline obtained. The absorptive catalysts used may comprise naturally active Attapulgus clays, fuller's earth, and bentonitic clays marketed under the names " Filtrol " (R.T.M.), Tonsil, Marsil, Terrana. Fresh charging stock from tank 29 is passed through tubular heater 12 into fractionating column 14 the oils being heated to incipient viscosity cracking temperatures sufficient to vaporize all the gasoline fractions. Unvaporized fractions are withdrawn through line 16 and the vapours formed are fractionated into (a) gasoline fraction taken off through line 21 to condenser 22 and receiver 23 from which part of the condensate is recycled through line 26 as reflux, (b) a light kerosene or heavy naphtha separated on plate 27 withdrawn through line 28 to storage tank 29, (c) a gas oil fraction collected on plate 17 which is fed through line 18 to tank 19. This fraction constitutes the stock for the cracking stage and is vaporized in a coil heater 33 the vapours passing to one of two catalytic reaction chambers 36, 37 filled with catalyst. The vapours pass downwardly through the towers to a fractionating tower 42 maintained under such conditions that vapours of gasoline boiling range pass off through line 52 to cooler 53 and separator 54 from which a portion of the condensate is recycled as reflux. Intermediate fractions collected on plate 48 are recycled to coil 33 for further treatment while heavier fractions liable to give coky deposits on further treatment are removed through line 44. The catalyst is regenerated by passing an oxidizing gas such as air in admixture with a diluent gas, e.g. steam, or recycle combustion gases, to burn off carbonaceous deposits, the regeneration temperature being maintained below 1,000‹F. Optimum results are obtained by controlling the temperature of the reaction in relation to the volume of oil vapours treated between regenerations, the temperature varying between 820 and 900‹ F., while 0.5 to 2.5 volumes of liquid oil are treated per volume of catalyst. Feed rates of 0.3 to 1.2 volumes of liquid oil per volume of catalyst per hour are specified and cycle periods of from one quarter to four hours.
Patent GB-710842-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of pure polyglycol ethers or pure derivatives of mono-, di- and poly-glycol ethers
IPC: C08G65/322
Filed: 1952-10-24
Abstract: Polyglycol ethers or their reaction products with alcohols, carboxylic acids, amines, amides or mercaptans are purified by hydrogenation advantageously in the presence of catalysts at high pressures and preferably until the end of absorption of hydrogen. Reaction products of mono- or di-glycols or their reactive functional derivatives, e.g. beta-chlorethyl alcohol, with alcohols, carboxylic acids, amines or amides may also be purified by similar treatment. Reaction products with primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic or cyclic alcohols, straight-chain or branched-chain or cyclic mono- or poly-basic carboxylic acids are mentioned, specified products including glycol monobutyl ether, glycol di-isobutyl ether, diglycol mono- and di-propionic oleic benzoic, nicotinic and phthalic acid esters and reaction products of mono- or di-glycols (or the equivalent of ethylene oxide) with e.g. di-ethylamine, oleylamine, aniline, propionamide, nicotinamide or benzoic acid amide.  The degree of priority is estimated by colour reactions with concentrated sulphuric acid. In examples the following compounds are hydrogenated: poly-glycol ethers made by condensing in the presence of alkali 3 mols. of ethylene oxide with triethylene glycol, or 9 mols. of ethylene oxide with n-dodecyl alcohol, the reaction product of 12 or 16 mols. of ethylene oxide with stearic acid, glycol monoethyl ether, glycol mono-methyl ether, diglycol monoethyl ether, diglycol monopropionic acid ester and the monoglycol ether of dodecylhydroxy-ethylamine, the catalysts used being Raney nickel, cobalt, nickel and chromium or fuller's earth and copper and chromium or silica gel at temperatures ranging from 100-160 DEG  C. and pressures of up to 200 atmospheres.  The products are used as dispersing agents and solvents and for pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Patent GB-238750-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for separating water and other impurities from mineral or other oils or their by-products
IPC: C10G33/06
Filed: 1924-11-08
Abstract: 238,750. Harvey, P. P., and Holford, H. J. Nov. 8, 1924. Separating by gravity.-Apparatus for separating water and other impurities from mineral or other oils or their bye-products comprises a vertical column A provided with a series of perforated conical baffles D adjustable in position so as to give variable retardation of flow, the liquid being pressed into the column through a rotatable distributor which directs it against a distributing surface, and the oil being drawn off from the upper part of the column in a regulated manner whilst the water is drawn off from the lower end, preferably through a discharge pipe giving an adjustable head of water. The mixed oil and water is introduced either at the lower or upper end according to whether the water or oil is in excess. The rotatable distributor is preferably in the form of a cap B, B<1> mounted on ball bearings over the end of the inlet pipe C, C<1>, the cap being made with spiral or inclined slots b<2> and internal vanes so as to be rotated by the liquid. Double conical distributor plates F, F<1> are placed around the rotary distributors B, B<1>. The perforated cones D are adjustably secured on a screwed spindle E by nuts d<1>. The perforations in succesive cones are staggered, the amount of stagger being adjusted to regulate the resistance to flow. The water outlet G leads to an upwardly directed pipe which allows of an adjustable head of water being provided. Any deposit may be discharged through a hole G<1>. The oil outlet H is provided with a valve automatically controlled through a weighted lever j<1> and adjustable connection j<2>, by a float M on an arm m, the float being weighted so as to sink in oil but float in water. In a modification of the valve mechanism, the lever j<1> carries an adjustable weight and is adjustably linked to an upper lever pivoted in an extension of a float chamber which is in communication with the interior of the casing A through a pipe below and a connection above, the oil outlet H being at a distance below the top of the casing A.
Patent GB-752176-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the storage of fodder beet
IPC: A23K10/35
Filed: 1954-09-15
Abstract: A process for the preservation of root-crops during storage comprises the treatment of the crops with a mononitrochlorobenzene together with an insecticide.  The preferred substances are mononitrotetrachlorobenzene and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane.  The additives may be mixed with an inert solid carrier such as powdered talc, quartz or kaolin, so that the preparation contains approximately 3 per cent of the mononitrochlorobenzene and 0.1 per cent of the insecticide.  Specifications 636,550 and 680,630 [Group VI], are referred to.
Patent GB-1096720-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to article display stands
Inventor: PULMAN JOHN FREDERICK
IPC: A47F5/13
Filed: 1965-06-24
Abstract: 1,096,720. Display stands. JAMES BEDFORD & CO. (HALIFAX) Ltd. June 24, 1965, No. 26796/65. Headings A4H and A4T. A display stand for e.g. furniture or prams comprises two end frames 10, 11 each having a horizontal ground leg 15 and at least one upper horizontal leg 14, the frames being joined by an extensible member 12. The tubular frames are C-shaped with a cross tube 16 between the arms by which the frames may be turned about a vertical axis in clamping tubes 20 at the ends of the telescopic extensible member also provided with clamping means 12. More than one upper arm may be provided on each frame.
Patent GB-1069013-A (GB)
Title: Monoazo dyestuff pigments derived from hydroxynaphthoic acid amide derivatives and processes for their manufacture
IPC: C09B43/32
Filed: 1965-06-24
Abstract: The invention comprises monoazo dyestuff pigments of the formula <FORM:1069013/C4-C5/1> wherein X is an H or halogen atom or an alkyl, phenoxy, NO2 or carboxylic acid ester group, Y is an H or halogen atom and may also be NO2 when X is H or carbalkoxy, Z is a halogen atom when Y is an halogen atom, or Z is an H or a carboxylic acid ester group when Y is an H atom or Z is H when Y is NO2; V is a halogen atom when X is a halogen atom or an alkyl group, but otherwise V is an H atom, Z1 is an H or halogen atom or an alkoxy group; X1 and Y1 are H or halogen atoms or alkyl or alkoxy groups, and R is a benzene residue.  They may be obtained by (a) condensing a carboxylic acid halide of the formula <FORM:1069013/C4-C5/2> wherein Hal is a halogen atom, with an amine of the formula <FORM:1069013/C4-C5/3> or (b) coupling a diazo compound of an amine of the formula <FORM:1069013/C4-C5/4> with a naphthol of the formula <FORM:1069013/C4-C5/5> Preferred amines for use in the condensation reaction above are those of the formula <FORM:1069013/C4-C5/6> wherein X2 is an H or halogen atom or an alkyl, alkoxy, phenoxy or halogenophenoxy, carbalkoxy, phenyl or alkanoylamino group, and Y2 is an H or halogen atom or an alkyl group. The solution of the coupling component may contain a wetting, dispersing or emulsifying agent. Numerous examples are given for the production of the dyes.  They may be used as pigments in a state of fine division for the spin-dyeing of viscose, or cellulose ethers or esters, or polyamides or polyurethanes or polyesters and in the production of coloured lacquers, lake formers, solutions or products made from cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural resins and synthetic resins, for example polymerization and condensation resins.ALSO:Monoazo pigments of the formula <FORM:1069013/C3/1> wherein X is H, halogen, alkyl, phenoxy, NO2 or carboxylic acid ester group, Y is H or halogen and may also be NO2 when X is H or carbalkoxy, Z is halogen when Y is also halogen, or Z is H or carboxylic acid ester group when Y is H, or Z is H when Y is NO2, V is halogen when X is halogen or alkyl, but otherwise V is H, Z1 is H, halogen or alkoxy, X1 and Y1 are H, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy and R is a benzene residue; are incorporated into high molecular weight organic materials. Specified materials are polyolefins, e.g. polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylonitrile.  An example is given wherein one of the above pigments is incorporated into stabilized polyvinyl chloride plasticized with dioctyl phthalate.