Patent GB-696960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to metal-working lubricants
IPC: G01S13/70
Filed: 1950-10-30
Abstract: A composition for use as a lubricant comprises as essential ingredients (1) a blend containing at least 80 per cent, based on the weight of the blend, of a substantially non-aromatic waxy hydrocarbon and a polymer of a hydrocarbon having an aliphatic unsaturated bond, and (2) a halogen substituted organic compound containing at least eight carbon atoms in the molecule in an amount of 2 to 10 per cent by weight of the whole composition. The composition may also contain minor amounts of high molecular weight fatty acids derived from animal, vegetable or marine oils, high molecular weight fatty acids, esters of the above acids with mono- or poly-hydric alcohols and sulphur-containing materials. The waxy hydrocarbon, which may be obtained from petroleum oils, may be slop waxes, petrolatum stock, slack waxes, scale waxes, paraffin waxes, malcrystalline and needle waxes, or micro-crystalline waxes.  If desired these waxy hydrocarbons may be mixed with synthetic waxes produced by dehydrating long-chain fatty alcohols or mixed with naturally occurring waxy material such as spermaceti, Japan wax, carnauba wax, montan wax, sugar cane wax or cotton wax.  The waxy material may be used without isolating it from the residual oil.  The hydrocarbon polymer, preferably of molecular weight above 300, may be obtained from ethylene, propylene, butene-1, butene-2, isobutylene, the amylenes, hexene-1, 4-methyl-pentene-1, 4,4-dimethyl - pentene - 1, 4 - methyl - pentene - 2, octene-1, decene-1, cetene-1, styrene, cyclohexene, 3-methyl-cyclohexene, 1,4-diphenylbutene-2, butadiene-1,3, pentadiene-1,3, pentadiene-1,4, hexadiene-1,5, hexadiene-1,4, pentadecene-8, heptadecene-1, hexadecene-1, tridecene-7, nonadecene-10, 3,9-diethyl-tridecene-6, dodecene-1, triacontene-14, pentatriacontene-17, acetylene, propyne, butyne-1, pentyne-2, hexyne-1, cetyne-1, octyl acetylene or phenyl acetylene and mixtures.  Specified halogen-substituted organic compounds are the chlorinated products from paraffin wax, cracked wax, foots' oil, mixtures of olefines containing from 10 to 24 carbon atoms in the molecule, beeswax, montan wax, synthetic rubbers, and chlorobromo-paraffin wax, dichlorostearic acid, dichloro-oleic acid, methyl dichlorostearate, butyl dichlorostearate, polybromostearic acid, methyl polybromostearic acid, and methyl dichlororicinoleate. The high molecular weight fatty acids may be derived from tallow, lard, neat's foot oil, wool fat, horse foot oil, castor, cashew, peanut, coconut, olive, palm, corn, cottonseed, kapok, rapeseed, sunflower, teaseed, salmon, sardine, seal, shark and whale oils. Fatty acids specified are capric, undecylic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, lignoceric, cerotic, montanic, oleic, linoleic, erucic, linolenic, brassidic, elaidic, ricinoleic, ricinelaidic and hydroxystearic acids.  Esters mentioned are glycerol mono-oleate, diglycol stearate, di-2-ethyl hexylazelate, n-decyl hydrogen phthalate or succinate, octadecyl stearate, cephalin and lecithin.  The sulphur-containing materials may be dibenzyl disulphide, sulphurized sperm oil, sulphurized cottonseed oil and the sulphuration products of any of the above-mentioned fatty acids.ALSO:A metal-working lubricant comprises as essential ingredients (1) a blend containing at least 80 per cent, based on the weight of the blend, of a substantially non-aromatic waxy hydrocarbon and a polymer of a hydrocarbon having an aliphatic unsaturated bond (see Group IV(a)) and (2) a halogen substituted organic compound containing at least eight carbon atoms in the molecule in an amount of 2 to 10 per cent by weight of the whole composition. The composition may also contain minor amounts of high molecular weight fatty acids derived from animal, vegetable or marine oils of which an extensive list is given, esters of the above acids with mono or polyhydric alcohols, e.g. glycerol mono-oleate, diglycol stearate, di-2-ethyl hexyl azelate, n-decyl hydrogen phthalate or succinate, octadecyl stearate, cephalin or lecithin, or sulphur-containing materials such as dibenzyl disulphide, sulphurized sperm oil, and sulphurized cottonseed oil.  The waxy hydrocarbon which may be obtained from petroleum oils, may be slop waxes, petrolatum stock slack waxes, scale waxes, paraffin waxes, malcrystalline and needle waxes or microcrystalline waxes.  If desired these waxy hydrocarbons may be mixed with synthetic waxes produced by dehydrating long chain fatty alcohols or mixed with naturally occurring waxy material such as spermaceti, Japan wax, carnauba wax, montan wax, sugar cane wax or cotton wax.  If desired the waxy material may be used without isolating it from the residual oil.  Specified halogen substituted organic compounds are the chlorinated products from paraffin wax, cracked wax, foots' oil, mixtures of olefines containing from 10-24 carbon atoms in the molecule, beeswax, montan wax, synthetic rubbers and chlorobromo-paraffin wax, dichlorostearic acid, dichloro-oleic acid, methyl dichlorostearate, butyl dichlorostearate, polybromostearic acid, methyl polybromostearic acid and methyl dichloro-ricinoleate.