Patent GB-437528-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of vat dyeings
IPC: D06P1/46
Filed: 1934-05-04
Abstract: Vat dyes, dyeing with; regenerated celluloses, dyeing.--Level dyeings with vat dyes are obtained by incorporating in the vat condensation products from hydrolytic, including enzymatic, degradation products of albuminous substances and carboxylic acid substances containing an aliphatic radicle of at least 6 carbon atoms.  Alternatively the already vatdyed materials may be treated with such condensation products to level the dyeings. Specified albuminous substances are glue, gelatine, casein, leather, wool and hair.  Specified carboxylic substances are acids of the following types and their anhydrides, halides, esters and halogenated, hydroxylated, aminated or other substitution products, viz. (a) open-chain or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids with at least 6 carbon atoms, e.g. lauric, palmitic, sulphopalmitic, stearic, chlorostearic, oleic, ricinoleic, montanic or abietic acids, (b) aromatic carboxylic acids substituted in the nucleus by a group containing an aliphatic radicle with at least 6 carbon atoms, e.g. o- and p-hexylbenzoic, o- and p-octylbenzoic, hexyl- or octyl-naphthoic, N-hexyl- or p  N-octyl-anthranilic acids. Advantageously, the condensation products may be used in admixture with organic colloids such as albuminous substances, e.g. glue, casein or herring sperm, vegetable mucilages, dextrin, soluble starches or sulphite cellulose waste liquor, and the condensation products or mixtures may be used together with levelling assistants such as sulphonic acids, condensation products of higher fatty acids with hydroxy- or aminoalkylsulphonic acids, acid sulphuric esters of higher alcohols and reaction products of ethylene oxide with hydroxy, carboxy or amino compounds containing at least 6 carbon atoms.  Salts such as waterglass, alkali phosphates, magnesium salts or Glauber's salt may also be present.  The following examples are specified: (1) Bleached, mercerized cotton satin or a cotton warp yarn, is dyed in an alkaline hydrosulphite vat at about 60 DEG  C. containing Indanthrene brilliant green B and a condensation product from oleic acid and degraded glue obtained by heating an aqueous solution of glue from hides with an addition of sodium carbonate for 24 hours under pressure at 100 DEG  C., adding oleic acid chloride, stirring for several hours, acidifying with sulphuric acid and removing unconverted oleic acid with ether. (2) Viscose embroidery yarn is similarly dyed, the vat containing Indanthrene brilliant violet RR with addition of the condensation product of (1) and the reaction product of ethylene oxide (15 mols.) with dodecyl alcohol (1 mol.), such addition being preferably made before adding the alkali and hydrosulphite.  (3) Linen piece goods are slop-padded in a bath at about 60 DEG  C., containing Indanthrene blue GCD and a condensation product from coconut oil fatty acid chloride and degraded glue and are then developed in an alkaline hydrosulphite bath at 60 DEG  C. Specifications 360,982, 390,166, and 413,016 are referred to.  o- and p-Hexylbenzoic acids, in admixture, are obtained by saponifying the esters obtained by reaction of hexyl chloride with ethyl benzoate under Friedel-Craft conditions.  o- and p-Octylbenzoic acids, on admixture, are similarly obtained with the use of octyl chloride. Hexyl- and octyl-naphthoic acids are similarly obtained with the use of hexyl and octyl chlorides respectively and methyl a - or b -naphthoate.  N-Hexyl- and N-octyl-anthranilic acids are obtained by reaction of hexyl and octyl bromides respectively with sodium anthranilate in presence of sodium carbonate.