Patent GB-190404063-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for the Loading and Discharging of Cargo Vessels.
Inventor: LIVINGSTON THOMAS LINTON
Filed: 1904-02-18
Granted: 1905-01-26
Abstract: 4063. Livingston, T. L. Feb. 18. Derricks; skips; shocks, preventing ; pulley-blocks. -Consists of a derricklike apparatus for use in loading and unloading bulk and other cargo on ship-board, and of a skip for bulk cargo and operating devices therefor. At each side of the hatchway are pivoted on pins d, two parallel beams b carrying at their outer ends a beam a parallel with the keel, the beam a being thus capable of moving, together with loads hung on it, from an inboard position over the hatchway, to an outward position over the quay &c. The sizes and dispositions of the parts are such that slings and loads suspended from the beam a clear the hatch coamings as the beam is raised, and that the slings clear the underside of the deck beams when extended to any part of the hold. The movements of the beams b, a are effected by means of ropes led from the cargo winch over sheaves on the uprights e between which the beams are mounted. For handling bulk cargo, a trough is employed fitted with wheels to facilitate its movement in the hold &c., and hung from the beam a by means including a connection, which is automatically released to allow the trough to tip, or its doors to open, on reaching the discharge point, and which then by means of a balanceweight returns the empty trough to its normal condition. For handling bales &c., there is suspended from the beam a a bar on which a number of such bales &c. can be hung. The above is all that is claimed, but the means for operating the beam a are described in detail in connection with three modifications of the apparatus, and also releasing-devices for the trough and other matters. In the modification shown in Fig. 2, a rope j secured to each beam b at k is led under a sheave l on the corresponding upright e, round the upper sheave of a block i, over a sheave m on the upright e, between two of the sheaves n on the beam b, and is secured to a loose sheave o fitted with a counterweight p to prevent damage due to overwinding. The winch rope h is led round the lower sheaves of both blocks i. For unloading, say, the ropes j are led through sheaves n on the inboard side of the beams b, and the counterweights s are fixed in such positions on the heels of the beams b as to be capable of carrying the unloaded beams past the vertical towards their inboard position. In operation, the loaded beam a is raised from its inboard position and moved past the vertical by winding in the rope h, its further movement towards the outboard position being effected by gravity. The unloaded beam is likewise raised from its outboard position by winding in the ropo h, and being carried past the vertical by the weights s, descends by gravity to its inboard position. The load 10 may be raised and lowered on the beam a by means of a drum 5 controlled by a rope 6 led to the cargo winch. In a modification, a somewhat similar arrangement of ropes is used, but the rope, instead of being fixed to the ends of the beams b, pass round sheaves movable in slots in the ends of the beams concentric with the pivots d. In another modification, the sheaves n are omitted and the rope is led round the pulleys on the ends of the beams b and also over pulleys mounted in trolleys movable on overhead beams transverse to the hatchway. In the two last modifications, the beams b are curved somewhat like ship's davits. Two releasing-devices for the trough are described. In one, Fig. 11, the rope 32 supporting the open end of the trough or its bottom door, as the case may be, is wound on a drum 40, on which is also wound a rope 44 carrying a balance weight capable of winding up the rope 32 when the trough is empty, and thus returning the latter to its normal condition. The drum 40 is mounted in a bracket loose on the beam a, and is prevented from rotating under the pull of the load by an arm 50 connected to it and bearing against a disc 46 adjustably secured to the beam. On the beam reaching the discharging point, the arm 50 comes opposite an opening in the disc 46, and is thus allowed to rotate so that the skip discharges. In the modification shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the drum 40 is normally locked to the beam a by a pawl 55 carried by a fixed collar 54 and engaging teeth 56 on an internal flange of the drum, the release being effected at the discharge point by the entry of the pawl 55 into a recess 62 in a collar 57, 58 loose on the beam a and having the end of the rope 44 secured to it. To facilitate the changing of the rope j, Fig. 2, from one pair of sheaves n to another, the flanges of these sheaves are formed with flats, Fig. 3.