baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2021238289-A1 (WO)
Title: Sequence processing method and apparatus
Inventor: HUANG WENYONG
IPC: G06F40/289
Filed: 2021-01-27
Abstract: A sequence processing method and apparatus, which relate to the field of artificial intelligence, and in particular to the field of sequence data processing. The method comprises: receiving an input sequence (S410); performing self-attention computation on a first element in the input sequence by using elements included in M windows, so as to obtain a representation of the first element, wherein each window includes one element or a plurality of successive elements in the input sequence, different windows are spaced by at least one element, at least one window in the M windows does not include the first element, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 (S420); and on the basis of the representation of the first element, obtaining an output sequence corresponding to the input sequence (S430). With regard to elements in a sequence, using elements in one or more windows instead of all the elements in the sequence to perform self-attention computation can reduce the amount of self-attention computation, wherein at least one window can skip a first element, and the position of the window is not fixed, such that the limitation on a self-attention dependence range can be reduced.
Patent WO-2022156030-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HOU XIAODONG
IPC: G01N3/04
Filed: 2021-02-22
Abstract: La présente invention concerne une presse à impact instrumentée portable, comprenant un cadre d'instrument (1), une unité de tête de pression (2), une unité de déclenchement (3) et une unité de transfert de déplacement (4). Le cadre d'instrument (1) comprend un châssis d'instrument (11), un niveau et un manchon externe (13). À la fois le niveau et le manchon externe (13) sont montés sur le châssis d'instrument (11). L'unité de tête de pression (2) comprend une tête d'impact (21) et une tige de transmission (22) qui sont disposées à l'intérieur du manchon externe (13). La tête d'impact (21) est montée au niveau de l'extrémité inférieure de la tige de transmission (22). Une première ouverture (131) est ménagée au niveau de l'extrémité inférieure du manchon externe (13) et une seconde ouverture (111) est ménagée sur le châssis d'instrument (11) en correspondance avec la première ouverture (131). La tête d'impact (21) est conçue pour passer à travers la première ouverture (131) et la seconde ouverture (111) pour entrer en contact avec un objet testé. La presse à impact instrumentée portable a une petite taille et présente une précision de mesure élevée.
Patent WO-2021170105-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHEN DA
IPC: B29C64/255
Filed: 2021-02-26
Abstract: The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and relates to a photocuring 3D printing material box and a preparation method therefor, a photocuring 3D printing device, and a photocuring 3D printing method. The photocuring 3D printing material box comprises a box body, a non-porous fluorine-containing polymer film, and a fluorine-containing oil film. The non-porous fluorine-containing polymer film is arranged on the inner surface of at least part of a light-transmitting bottom plate. The fluorine-containing oil film is adsorbed on the surface of the non-porous fluorine-containing polymer film distant from the light-transmitting bottom plate. Since the non-porous fluorine-containing polymer film and the fluorine-containing oil have good surface wettability and chemical affinity, the fluorine-containing oil can be bound such that the non-porous fluorine-containing polymer film and the fluorine-containing oil can be tightly connected. A photocuring printing process is changed from solid-solid separation into solid-liquid separation, so that drawing force in a release process can be effectively reduced, and the printing speed and the printing area are increased. Moreover, since a printing interface is in a liquid state, during high-speed printing, heat dissipation can be implemented in time to ensure material stability.
Patent WO-2021196966-A1 (WO)
Title: 交易方法、网关设备、支付平台、商户设备和交易系统
Inventor: ZHAI MENGDONG
IPC: G06Q20/02
Filed: 2021-03-04
Abstract: 一种交易方法、网关设备、支付平台、商户设备和交易系统。交易方法包括：从商户设备获取第一设备的标识信息和交易信息；根据所述标识信息和所述交易信息生成订单，所述订单包含所述标识信息；将所述订单发送至支付平台，以供所述支付平台从所述订单中解析出所述第一设备的标识信息，并在所述第一设备的标识在所述支付平台上与一账户相关联的情况下，对所述账户进行操作。应用该交易方法，可实现安全便捷无感的支付以及实现交易场景的确认。
Patent WO-2021218445-A1 (WO)
Inventor: JIA HONGHONG
IPC: G06T11/20
Filed: 2021-03-12
Abstract: A handwriting processing method, a handwriting processing apparatus, and a non-transient storage medium. The handwriting processing method comprises: sampling an original handwriting track on a touch display screen to obtain multiple sampling points; on the basis of the multiple sampling points, calculating and obtaining at least one track point group, wherein each track point group in the at least one track point group comprises N track points, the N track points comprise M sampling points, N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, M is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and M≤N; on the basis of a writing speed of at least some track points in the at least one track point group, determining multiple track units having one-to-one correspondence to all the track points in the at least one track point group, wherein each track unit in the multiple track units is a drop-shaped waterdrop unit; and sequentially connecting the multiple track units to obtain handwriting for being displayed on the touch display screen.
Patent WO-2021253886-A1 (WO)
Title: Method for composite delamination
Inventor: HO KAM PIU
IPC: H01M10/54
Filed: 2021-03-15
Abstract: The invention provides a method for delaminating a composite by immersing the composite into a delamination solution; wherein the composite comprises a metal substrate and a coating applied on one side or both sides of the metal substrate, wherein the coating comprises a polymeric binder; and wherein the polymeric binder comprises an aqueous copolymer. The use of delamination solution comprising an alkali metal silicate salt allows for complete delamination of the composite in a highly efficient and extremely fast manner. Furthermore, the delamination method disclosed herein circumvents complex separation processes, contamination and corrosion of the metal substrate and enables an excellent materials recovery. An application of the method for delaminating an electrode for a battery is disclosed herein.
Patent WO-2022001361-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HUANG YANG
IPC: H04B1/401
Filed: 2021-05-06
Abstract: 一种收发信机及其控制方法、计算机可读存储介质。其中，收发信机包括有主用本振模块(1010)、辅助本振模块(1020)、第一类信号传输链路(1030)、第二类信号传输链路(1040)、控制处理模块(1090)。
Patent WO-2022001453-A1 (WO)
Title: 电子设备及显示装置
Inventor: LI ZHILIN
IPC: H01L51/52
Filed: 2021-05-19
Abstract: 一种显示装置，包括邻接的第一显示区和第二显示区，第一显示区包括像素层、阳极层和光学结构层，阳极层包括反射阳极和透光部，光学结构层能够改变光信号的传播路径，使其不再照射到反射阳极，而是照射到透光部，透光部的透光率远大于反射阳极的透光率，从而可以提高第一显示区的透光率。
Patent WO-2022110717-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LI RONGFENG
IPC: H04W24/02
Filed: 2021-05-28
Abstract: 本文公开了一种LED设备组网方法、装置及设备。LED设备组网方法，包括：在上电时确认LED设备是否配置目标无线网格网络；响应于所述LED设备未配置所述目标无线网格网络，根据初始信息初始化LED设备，并在LED设备初始化后根据所述初始信息与所述LED设备外的LED设备组成初始无线网格网络；基于初始无线网格网络发布LED设备的状态信息；响应于来自启动配置器的更新请求更新LED设备。
Patent WO-2021259040-A1 (WO)
Inventor: JIAO LI
IPC: G06F9/48
Filed: 2021-06-04
Abstract: A data flow-based neural network multi-engine synchronous calculation system, comprising: a plurality of calculation engines, wherein each calculation engine comprises a plurality of calculation modules located at different layers and at least one caching module, each calculation module is configured to calculate an input calculation graph provided by the caching module or the calculation module of a previous layer of a layer where each calculation module is located, so as to obtain an output calculation graph; and at least one synchronization module, wherein each synchronization module is configured to monitor the data amount of the input calculation graph stored by the caching module on the same layer in each calculation engine, and when the data amount of the input calculation graph stored by each caching module on the same layer reaches a preset value corresponding to each caching module, control each caching module on the same layer to output the stored input calculation graph to the calculation module on a next layer.
Patent WO-2022256950-A1 (WO)
Title: Power leakage blocking in low-dropout regulator
Inventor: WEI RUXIN
IPC: G05F1/00
Filed: 2021-06-07
Abstract: In certain aspects, a circuit for power leakage blocking can include a voltage generation circuit that includes an amplifier connected at a negative input to a reference voltage and providing an output to a gate of a first transistor. A drain voltage of the first transistor can be fed back to a positive input of the amplifier. The voltage generation circuit can receive a first voltage at a source of the first transistor. The voltage generation circuit can supply a second voltage at a drain of the first transistor. The circuit can further include a pair of transistors. The pair of transistors can include a second transistor and a third transistor. Respective bulks of the pair of transistors can be connected to a bulk of the first transistor. The gates of the pair of transistors can be controlled according to a comparison between the first voltage and the second voltage, such that only one of the pair of transistors is on at a time.
Patent WO-2022160565-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LIU ANG
IPC: H01L27/108
Filed: 2021-06-17
Abstract: The present application relates to a semiconductor structure and a method for forming same. The method for forming a semiconductor structure comprises the following steps: forming a substrate, the interior of the substrate being provided with a plurality of capacitive contacts, the surface of the substrate being provided with a plurality of conductive contact pads that are connected to the plurality of capacitive contacts in one-to-one correspondence, and a gap being present between adjacent conductive contact pads; forming a filling layer that fills the gaps; forming a stacked structure on the surfaces of the filling layers and the conductive contact pads, the stacked structure comprising a plurality of supporting layers stacked in the direction perpendicular to the substrate, the filling layer being in contact with the supporting layer at the bottom of the stacked structure, and the etch selectivity between the filling layer and the supporting layer in contact with the filling layer being greater than a preset value; and etching the stacked structure, and forming capacitive holes. The present application avoids the problem in which over-etching easily occurs between adjacent capacitive contact pads in the process of forming capacitive holes by etching a stacked structure, thereby avoiding short circuiting between an upper electrode and a lower electrode.
Patent WO-2022147977-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LIU KAI
IPC: G06K9/62
Filed: 2021-06-29
Abstract: 本申请公开了基于深度特征和稀疏度量投影的车辆重识别方法及系统，获取目标车辆图像；获取待重识别的图像集合；对目标车辆图像和待重识别的图像集合中的每一幅图像，进行深度特征提取，得到每一幅图像的深度特征；计算目标车辆图像的深度特征所对应的自适应稀疏投影矩阵；计算待重识别图像集合中每一幅图像的深度特征所对应的自适应稀疏投影矩阵；基于深度特征和深度特征对应的自适应稀疏投影矩阵，计算出目标车辆图像的深度特征与待重识别图像集合中每一幅图像深度特征之间的距离；重复距离计算模块的步骤，直到计算出目标图像的深度特征与待重识别图像集合中所有幅图像深度特征之间的距离；选择最小距离对应的图像作为目标车辆的重识别图像。
Patent WO-2022007773-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZDANOW ANDRE
IPC: A47J43/07
Filed: 2021-07-06
Abstract: 本文提供的一种搅拌器具包括容器主体、可旋转叶片、马达和热电热交换器。容器主体可以包括内壳和传导壁。内壳可限定流体腔。传导壁可以沿着径向向外与流体腔隔开。可旋转叶片可以可旋转地布置在流体腔内。马达可以与可旋转叶片选择性地机械连通，以推动其旋转。热电热交换器可以安装在容器主体内，与流体腔热连通。
Patent WO-2022007906-A1 (WO)
Inventor: DENG TIANSHENG
IPC: C08J11/26
Filed: 2021-07-08
Abstract: 一种催化酸酐固化的环氧树脂降解的方法，通过将酸酐固化的环氧树脂与反应溶剂、有机酸催化剂配制成降解体系，进行降解反应；降解完成后向体系中加入热水，充分溶解并过滤；滤液蒸出回收得到反应溶剂、固化剂和有机酸催化剂；滤饼为有机相环氧树脂降解产物。
Patent WO-2022198842-A1 (WO)
Inventor: WANG HAILIANG
IPC: E21D9/00
Filed: 2021-07-13
Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a hollow-hole burn cut three-time blasting method. In the method, a pilot tunnel is excavated on one side of the centerline of a tunneling section and in a direction where there is no target to be protected on a working face; the pilot tunnel divides the tunneling section into an advanced pilot tunnel region and a main blasting region; the advanced pilot tunnel region is blasted twice, and the main blasting region is then subjected to third blasting; the drilling footage of the third blasting is equal to that of the first blasting of the advanced pilot tunnel; and after one blasting cycle, a reserved pilot tunnel is formed in a new tunneling section, such that starting from a second cycle, blasting can be performed according to a normal cyclic drilling footage, and a situation that rock slag covers the bottom of the main blasting region after the first cyclic pilot tunnel blasting does not occur, thus providing a faster mode for blasting implementation of all sections.
Patent WO-2023283882-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHANG YANWEN
IPC: B01F27/60
Filed: 2021-07-15
Abstract: 一种纺织生产用纺织助剂高效混料除杂装置，涉及纺织原料生产技术领域,包括混料罐，所述混料罐内部设有搅拌机构，所述混料罐顶端一侧设有液体加料机构，所述混料罐顶端远离液体加料机构的一侧设有固体加料机构，所述液体加料机构包括加液管和框体，所述框体内侧固定连接有过滤网，所述框体一侧外壁固定连接有封板，本实用新型通过设置液体加料机构和固体加料机构，从而可将固态和液态原料分离加入，使得液态原料中的回收纺织助剂的残留纺织纤维能够实现过滤分离，在加液管内部设置过滤网，可对液态原料进行过滤，防止残留纺织纤维杂质进入到混料罐内部，保障纺织助剂的成品质量。
Patent WO-2022033280-A1 (WO)
Inventor: YANG LEI
IPC: C07D209/88
Filed: 2021-07-20
Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device and an electronic apparatus. The organic electroluminescent device comprises an anode, a hole transport layer, an organic light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode, which are sequentially stacked. The hole transport layer comprises a compound represented by formula 1. The organic light-emitting layer comprises a compound represented by formula 4. A combination of the compounds represented by formula 1 and by formula 4 can increase the performance of the organic electroluminescent device.
Patent WO-2023004812-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LIU LIBIN
IPC: G09G3/3225
Filed: 2021-07-30
Abstract: La présente divulgation concerne un circuit de pixels, un procédé d'attaque et un appareil d'affichage. Le circuit de pixels comprend un circuit d'attaque, un premier circuit de commande, un circuit de commande de compensation et un premier circuit d'initialisation, dans lequel, sous la commande d'un premier signal de balayage, le premier circuit de commande commande une extrémité de commande du circuit d'attaque pour être en communication avec un nœud de connexion ; sous la commande d'un second signal de balayage, le circuit de commande de compensation commande le nœud de connexion pour qu'il soit en communication avec une première extrémité du circuit d'attaque ; sous la commande d'un signal de commande d'initialisation, le premier circuit d'initialisation écrit une première tension d'initialisation dans le nœud de connexion ; et le circuit d'attaque est utilisé pour commander, sous la commande du potentiel de son extrémité de commande, la première extrémité du circuit d'attaque étant en communication avec une seconde extrémité du circuit d'attaque.
Patent WO-2022062664-A1 (WO)
Inventor: TRIM CRAIG M
IPC: G06Q30/00
Filed: 2021-08-02
Abstract: A method, computer system, and computer program product for asynchronous content embedding are provided. The method includes receiving a plurality of text and data associated with an element of media content, displaying the plurality of received text on a display screen, caching the received data until all data to fully display the element is received, identifying an insertion point for the element within the plurality of displayed text, and displaying the element at the insertion point.
Patent WO-2022033353-A1 (WO)
Title: Miniature spectrum chip based on units of different shapes, and method for generating micro-nano structure array in miniature spectrum chip
Inventor: CUI KAIYU
IPC: H01L27/146
Filed: 2021-08-03
Abstract: Provided is a miniature spectrum chip based on units of different shapes. The miniature spectrum chip comprises a CIS wafer and a light modulation layer, wherein the light modulation layer comprises a plurality of micro-nano structure units arranged on the surface of a photosensitive area of the CIS wafer; each micro-nano structure unit comprises a plurality of micro-nano structure arrays; and in each micro-nano structure unit, different micro-nano structure arrays are two-dimensional gratings composed of internal units of different shapes. Further provided is a method for generating a micro-nano structure array in a spectrum chip. In the present application, in each micro-nano structure unit, internal units provided in different micro-nano structure arrays have different shapes, and each group of micro-nano structure arrays have different modulation effects on light of different wavelengths, such that the degree of freedom of "shape" is fully utilised to obtain rich modulation effects on incident light, the precision of spectrum recovery is improved, and the size of a unit can be reduced; and by using two-dimensional grating structures based on internal units of different shapes, rich wide-spectrum modulation characteristics with regard to incident light are achieved, and the high-precision measurement of a spectrum of incident light is realized.
Patent WO-2022156208-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SHEN ZHIRONG
IPC: G06Q20/32
Filed: 2021-08-20
Abstract: 一种支付码生成方法及装置，以解决支付码中信息较少无法进行额外信息提示的问题。该方法为：接收终端所发送的支付码生成请求，所述支付码生成请求中包含支付相关对象标识（301）；根据所述支付相关对象标识，获取所述支付相关对象的支付信息以及所述支付相关对象的附属特征标识（302）；根据所述支付相关对象的附属特征标识，确定所述支付相关对象的附属信息（303）；根据所述支付相关对象的支付信息以及附属信息生成支付码生成响应，并将所述支付码生成响应向所述终端发送，以使所述终端根据所述支付码生成响应生成支付码（304）。
Patent WO-2022068581-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LIU XIANGYU
IPC: F24F1/0035
Filed: 2021-09-15
Abstract: 一种香薰组件及具有该香薰组件的空调器，香薰组件(2)包括罩壳(21)，罩壳内设置有多个安装位(22)，每个安装位(22)内能够容纳香薰件，每个安装位上枢转设置有盖体(24)，香薰组件还包括驱动传动机构(25)，驱动传动机构(25)设置成一次能够同时使至少一个香薰件移动并因此使香薰件顶开盖体(24)并至少一部分暴露于环境。
Patent WO-2023035290-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种地下污水管线环境隐患排查方法及系统
Inventor: ZHANG CHENCHEN
IPC: G01N33/24
Filed: 2021-09-15
Abstract: 一种地下污水管线环境隐患排查方法及系统，所述方法包括：对管道内窥的同时，辅助外部土壤监测和地下水监测技术进而排查地下污水管线环境隐患；所述管道内窥包括：机器人在管道内进行摄像并存储管线环境的图像；所述图像通过屏幕回传进行分析，当发现故障点时，调整机器人角度拍摄并定位故障点所在的位置。采用履带式水下检测机器人和悬浮类检测机器人针对不同流速的管段分别进行探测的方式，避免悬浮类机器人由于水流过速无法对缺陷部位定位的问题。
Patent WO-2022068656-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LIU WEI
IPC: H04B10/25
Filed: 2021-09-22
Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a single-fiber bidirectional optical transmission apparatus, a wavelength division device and an optical transmission system. Single-fiber bidirectional transmission is achieved by using a miniaturized single-light source coherent optical transceiver. The single-fiber bidirectional optical transmission apparatus comprises: a first single-light source coherent optical transceiver for receiving a first optical signal from a first combiner/splitter, converting the first optical signal into a first electrical signal, and then sending the first electrical signal to a first client signal processing apparatus; and a second single-light source coherent optical transceiver for receiving a second electrical signal from the first client signal processing apparatus, converting the second electrical signal into a second optical signal, and then sending the second optical signal to the first combiner/splitter, wherein the wavelength of the second optical signal is different from the wavelength of the first optical signal. The single-fiber bidirectional optical transmission apparatus may be applied to a wavelength division device.
Patent WO-2022121499-A1 (WO)
Inventor: GAO YUNXU
IPC: H01R9/24
Filed: 2021-10-15
Abstract: 本发明公开了一种压接式接线端子，包括用于安装导线的基座部件和连接在基座部件上用于将导线压在基座部件上的压紧部件；基座部件包括绝缘基座、导电片和端盖，绝缘基座上设置有至少一个安装位，安装位左端为进线端；安装位内配设有所述导电片、端盖和压紧部件，导电片通过端盖固定安装在所述安装位内，压紧部件位于导电片的上方且铰接安装在所述安装位内；压紧部件转动后能够与导电片扣合，压紧部件与导电片相互扣合后，可将导线紧紧压在导电片上；另外，本发明还公开了一种压接式接线端子的使用方法。本发明在实际的使用中能够实现快速固定导线的目的，且能够避免导线在压接的过程中出现折弯的情况；其具有结构简单、体积小、使用方便、成本低的优点。
Patent WO-2022116710-A1 (WO)
Title: 设备运行环境评估方法、判决模型训练方法、电子设备
Inventor: LIU WENGANG
IPC: G06F11/30
Filed: 2021-10-15
Abstract: 一种设备运行环境评估方法、判决模型训练方法、电子设备，该设备运行环境评估方法包括：获取待评估运行环境的环境参数(S110)；获取所述待评估运行环境中的待评估设备样本的设备参数和器件参数(S120)；根据所述环境参数、所述设备参数和预先训练好的判决模型确定判决场景，根据所述待评估设备样本的器件参数确定所述待评估设备样本在所述判决场景中的设备评估结果(S130)；根据所述设备评估结果确定所述待评估运行环境的运行环境评估结果(S140)。
Patent WO-2022188410-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHEN XIN
IPC: B25J9/16
Filed: 2021-10-20
Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are an automatic device assembly control method and apparatus based on a manipulator. The method comprises: obtaining a device installation instruction of a device to be installed; performing visual recognition processing on device parts, on a worktable, of said device, so as to obtain a device part recognition result, and a placement pose of each device part on the worktable; performing coordinate positioning processing on the device parts, on the worktable, of said device, so as to obtain the coordinate position of each device part on the worktable; marking the device parts, which have been subjected to visual recognition, with numbers, so as to obtain device parts marked with numbers; forming a device assembly strategy; and on the basis of the device assembly strategy, controlling a manipulator to perform, on the worktable and by using the device parts of said device, automatic assembly. In the embodiments of the present invention, a device assembly strategy can be formed according to an arrangement situation, on a worktable, of device parts of a device to be installed, thereby realizing efficient and accurate assembly.
Patent WO-2022089322-A1 (WO)
Title: Mécanisme d'ouverture de moule unique d'une machine de soufflage de bouteilles
Inventor: DONG TENGZHONG
IPC: B29C49/56
Filed: 2021-10-22
Abstract: Est divulgué dans la présente invention, un mécanisme d'ouverture de moule unique d'une machine de soufflage de bouteilles, comprenant : un support de cadre de moule, un moule latéral fixe, un arbre rotatif d'ouverture/fermeture de moule qui peut tourner autour d'une première ligne d'axe et qui est disposé sur le support de cadre de moule, un bras de rotor d'ouverture/fermeture de moule, un moule latéral mobile, un support de moule inférieur qui peut tourner autour d'une seconde ligne d'axe et qui est disposé sur le support de cadre de moule, une piste de guidage de moule inférieur, un moule inférieur, une tige de liaison de moule inférieur, un bras oscillant de moule inférieur, une tige oscillante de moule inférieur, une tige de liaison spatiale, une manivelle de moule inférieur et une tige de traction de moule inférieur. La première ligne d'axe et la seconde ligne d'axe sont respectivement situées sur deux côtés d'une ligne centrale de fermeture de moule ; lorsque la machine de soufflage de bouteilles effectue une ouverture de moule, un arbre rotatif d'ouverture/fermeture de moule est conçu pour entraîner le moule latéral mobile en rotation à l'opposé du moule latéral fixe, et pour entraîner le support de moule inférieur à se déplacer vers l'ouverture du moule ouvert ; et le support de moule inférieur est conçu pour entraîner le moule inférieur à descendre. Le mécanisme d'ouverture de moule unique de la machine de soufflage de bouteilles de la présente invention peut commander avec précision le motif de déplacement du moule latéral mobile et du moule inférieur, présente une structure simple et une faible charge dynamique, et peut réduire efficacement la vibration et l'impact du mécanisme, réduire l'usure des pièces, améliorer la stabilité et la fiabilité de mouvement de la machine de moulage par soufflage, et améliorer les performances à grande vitesse de l'ensemble de la machine.