baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-675762-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for and method of testing the time of heating continuously flowing liquids, as in milk pasteurization
IPC: A23L3/22
Filed: 1948-09-27
Abstract: 675,762. Continuous heat treatment of liquids. CLARKE, C. W. Sept. 27, 1948, No. 25171/48. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, March 31, 1949.] Class 49. Apparatus for measuring the rate of flow of liquid in a conduit, e.g. in the holding tube of a continuous pasteurizer for milk, comprises two thermometers respectively mounted at opposite ends of the conduit, means for bringing about a sharp change in the temperature of the liquid entering the conduit, and means for recording the times at which the change of temperature is sensed by the thermometers. With the apparatus of Fig. 1, milk to be pasteurized by heating to 160‹ F. for 15 sec. or more is pumped by way of a pipe 2 to a heater 1, through a holding tube 4 of length such that the milk takes 15 sec. to traverse it, into a cooler 5, and then through a discharge pipe 6; vapour pressure recording thermometers 7 and 8 are mounted respectively at the inlet and outlet ends of the tube 4 and connected respectively with pens 9 and 10 which produce tracks upon a rotating time-temperature recording chart 11. A rise in temperature of the milk affects first the thermometer 7 and the pen 9 makes an outward mark 15, Fig. 2, on the chart 11; when the milk at the increasing temperature reaches the thermometer 8 the pen 10 makes an outward mark 16. The period for which the milk remains in the tube 4 is that measured between the start of the mark 15 and the start of the mark 16. In Fig. 3 is illustrated apparatus for a single pen 41 on a chart 11b, the thermometers 7 and 8 being connected respectively with spiral Borden elements 7a and 8a, which for equal temperature changes produce equal but opposite movements of a lever 34 and no movement of a floating axis 35 of the lever; movement of 7a alone, by reason of increase of temperature detected by the thermometer 7, causes movement of 35 to the left about a fixed pivot 37 and, through a link 38, moves the pen 41 outwardly upon the chart 11b; 'when the increase in temperature reaches the thermometer 8 the element 8a causes movement of the axis 35 and the pen back to the normal position, the record on the chart for these changes being ABCDE, of which the distance between the beginnings of the sections B and D is the measure of the time the milk remains in the tube 4. There is described also an electrically operated apparatus with resistance thermometers. With this apparatus, the starting of the recording chart initiates a quick heating of the milk; the hotter milk on reaching the first thermometer produces an outward movement of the pen on the chart beginning at H, Fig. 5; after the recording of an adequate rise J, the first thermometer is switched out of the circuit and the second thermometer switched in; when the temperature rise is detected by the second thermometer there begins at L an outward movement of the pen on the chart, the distance HL being the measure of the time of holding.
Patent GB-1437643-A (GB)
Title: Corrugating
IPC: B31F1/28
Filed: 1974-06-06
Abstract: 1437643 Corrugating KESKUSLABORATORIO-CENTRALLABORATORIUM AB OY 6 June 1974 [27 June 1973] 25211/74 Heading D1S A web 2 of sheet material is corrugated by heating the web 2 by contact with a roller 3 having a temperature between 150‹ and 185‹C and passing the web 2 between two meshing corrugating rolls 6, calcium stearate being used to reduce the friction between the web 2 and the rolls 6. As shown, in a single facer corrugated board making machine, a line 1 and a web 2 to be corrugated are conveyed to pre-heating cylinders 3, each at a surface temperature of 150- 185‹C, preferably 173‹C. Before passing between the toothed rolls 6, the web 2 is steamed at 5 and, after corrugating, adhesive is applied to the ridges of the corrugations by a roll 7. A roll 8 presses the liner 1 onto the ridges. The single faced board is stored at a point 4. Prior to steaming, a sprayer 9 sprays the calcium stearate onto the web. Alternatively, calcium stearate is spread onto the surface of the web during its manufacture or calcium stearate is added to the pulp from which the web 2 is made. In another embodiment, the rolls 6 are coated with calcium stearate. The web 2 may be produced from waste paper and the liner 1 may be testliner or kraftliner.
Patent GB-645783-A (GB)
Title: Improved flexible electrically heated pad or mat device
IPC: H05B3/34
Filed: 1948-09-28
Abstract: 645,783. Electrically - heated pads. ESLING, K. A., and MACLACHLAN, I. N. Sept. 28, 1948, No. 25240. Convention date, Sept. 30, 1947. [Class 39(iii)] A flexible electrically-heated pad or mat comprises two sheets 3 and 4 of rubberized cloth, plastic or other suitable material adhesively secured together with an electric heating element 5 therebetween, the element being of high conductivity wire such as copper having a specific resistance not greater than ten microhms per inch cube. The wire may be enamelled. The pad or mat is preferably energized from the low tension side of a double wound transformer and may be used as a bed, foot, or seat warmer.
Patent GB-338523-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B75/02
Filed: 1929-08-19
Abstract: 338,523. Rodger, R. Aug. 19, 1929. Starting. - In a sleeve-valve engine, air or combustible mixture is supplied by a pump g<2> driven from the crank shaft. To permit priming of the cylinders, pipes l lead from the compressor to the cylinder ends; cocks l<1> are placed m the pipes to shut off the supply during normal running.
Patent GB-393957-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing plastic sheeting and apparatus therefore
IPC: C08L1/10
Filed: 1931-09-10
Abstract: Sheets of cellulose esters and ethers are obtained from compositions containing the cellulose compound in relatively high concentration with a solvent, by heating and extruding under pressure through a sheet-forming orifice, cooling the sheet and applying tension to it as it emerges from the orifice.  The temperature of extrusion is preferably at least 45 DEG  C., and that of the hardening gas or liquid into which the sheet is extruded is preferably 0-40 DEG  C. The hardening liquid is preferably heavier than water.  It may be an aqueous solution of ethyl or methyl alcohol, glycerine, sucrose, dextrose, chlorides, sulphates, sulphuric or phosphoric acid.  In an example, pyroxylin is mixed with camphor, ethyl alcohol and mono-methyl ether of ethylene glycol and after filtering is heated and forced from a hydraulic press in a horizontal direction through an adjustable slit into <PICT:0393957/IV/1> <PICT:0393957/IV/2> <PICT:0393957/IV/3> <PICT:0393957/IV/4> aqueous glycerine maintained at a low tempera ture.  The extruded sheet is subjected to tension and passed through a further bath. It is then subjected to the action of warm circulating air for a few days.  Other examples describe similar treatment of plastic masses containing pyroxylin, cellulose acetate, or benzyl cellulose and a solvent mixture; the hardening liquid is a saturated sodium chloride solution, or alternatively air at a temperature lower than that of extrusion is employed as hardening fluid.  Smooth sheets suitable for making laminated glass, or by working at higher speeds, rougher sheets suitable for phonograph records may be obtained.  As shown in Fig. 1, the heated plastic mass is forced by pressure from a container 1 through an adjustable slit 3 and emerges as a sheet into a hardening bath 4 through which it is passed under tension applied by the driven rollers 7 and the floating roller 6.  The slight stretching of the sheet prevents the formation of ripples.  The sheet is then passed into a second hardening liquid bath 8 or into a container through which a current of warm air is passed.  If desired the sheet may be sprayed with water or passed through a washing bath.  It is then forwarded by rollers 10 to a drying apparatus.  The continuous sheet may be cut up into convenient lengths and seasoned in warm air The extrusion die, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, comprises a pair of blades 11a, 11b, one of which is adjustable by means of the screws 16.  The edges 17 of the container 1 are contoured to form a wide approach to the extrusion die.  If desired, the blades 11a, 11b may be inclined at the edges in order that the edges of the extruded sheet may be thicker.  The blades may also be shaped as shown in Fig. 6.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers also to processes where extrusion is not carried out at raised temperature. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-811432-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing electrolytically a bright finish on a uranium or uranium-rich metal surface
IPC: C25F7/00
Filed: 1948-09-29
Abstract: 811,432. Anodically polishing uranium. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. Sept. 5, 1949 (Sept. 29, 1948], No. 25438/48. Class 41. Uranium or uraniumrich alloys (not less than 97 per cent uranium) substantially free from black oxide coating are anodically polished in an aqueous solution of one or more polycarboxylic acids. If black oxide is initially present the metal is first anodically cleaned in a heated aqueous alkaline solution. Surface contamination by electrically conducting particles, e.g. graphite, which causes pit formation during the polishing may be removed by soaking in aqueous sodium carbonate at 100‹ C. while contaminating halides such as barium chloride may be removed by boiling one or more times in water. Typically a black oxide-coated uranium bar having dimples in its end faces is degreased in acetone, located between the point 5 and screw 3 of a steel workholder 1, subjected to anodic pickling at 80‹ C. in an aqueous alkaline bath of sodium carbonate with or without a minor proportion of citric acid until the oxide has been removed or forms only a thin golden film, and is then anodically polished in an aqueous solution of tartaric or citric acid at room temperature.
Patent GB-1108045-A (GB)
Title: Cargo ship for low temperature liquefied gases
IPC: F17C3/02
Filed: 1965-06-16
Abstract: 1,108,045. Carrying liquified gases. BRIDGESTONE LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS CO. Ltd. 16 June, 1965 [20 June, 1964; 23 July, 1964; 21 Aug., 1964], No. 25443/65. Heading B7A and B7S. [Also in Division F4] In a cargo ship for carrying liquefied gases in a space 4 partitioned by transverse bulkheads 2 and longitudinal bulkheads 3, at least the side and bottom shell plates 1, of the hull around the space are provided internally with a loadbearing pressure resistant insulating layer 10, the side of which facing the space 4 has watertight metal plates 13 which line the space, which are supported from the shell plates by frame members 6 and 8, and which constitutes non-load-bearing tank walls. In the embodiments described heat insulation is applied to the whole contour of each space 4, including the deck above, but not to the bulkheads and main reinforcing members of the hull.
Patent GB-1277086-A (GB)
Title: Hexane-1,6-diamine derivatives and their use as fungicides and herbicides
IPC: A01N33/12
Filed: 1969-06-03
Abstract: 1277086 Pesticides containing hexamethylene-bis (alkyldimethyl ammonium) bromide E R SQUIBB & SONS Inc 3 June 1969 [3 June 1968] 25452/69 Heading A5E [Also in Division C2] Foliage fungicidal and aquatic herbicidal compositions comprise as active ingredient, a hexamethylene-bis-(alkyl dimethylammonium) bromide of the general formula: wherein R is an alkyl radical of 8 to 12 carbon atoms, e.g. n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, and n-dodecyl. The compounds may be formulated with solid or liquid carriers, e.g. for dust or spray application, and may be mixed with conventional conditioning agents, surface active agents, the active ingredients usually comprising from 1-95% of the solid compositions and from 0.5-50% by wt. of liquid formulations.
Patent GB-1414939-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing chloromethylated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer
IPC: C08F4/00
Filed: 1974-06-07
Abstract: 1414939 Styrene/vinylbenzyl chloride/divinyl benzene terpolymers; polymeric support for peptides MORTON-NORWICH PRODUCTS Inc 7 June 1974 [17 Sept 1973] 25484/74 Headings C3H and C3P A chloromethylated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer is produced by copolymerization of a major amount of styrene and minor amounts of divinyl benzene and vinylbenzyl chloride in the presence of benzoyl peroxide. An example is given in which the terpolymer is prepared in aqueous suspension. The copolymers are useful as a solid support in the preparation of peptides having pharmacological activity.
Patent GB-172402-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in coilers of carding engines and other machines
IPC: B65H54/80
Filed: 1920-09-04
Abstract: 172,402. Waller, R., and Whitehead & Sons, Ltd, D. Sept. 4, 1920. Coilers. The top of a coiler is provided with two clearing rollers B, ( mounted in brackets E pivoted to the coiler top. The roller B is of light weight and is rotated by contact wi h the slicer. The roller C is preferably covered with cloth and is rotated by the roller B. According to the Provisional Specification more than two rollers may be employed, the additional rollers being all driven from the first roller B.
Patent GB-1500274-A (GB)
Title: Digital switching systems
IPC: H04Q11/04
Filed: 1974-06-10
Abstract: 1500274 Automatic exchange systems POST OFFICE 30 May 1975 [10 June 1974 (2)] 25564/74 and 25565/74 Heading H4K In a PCM, TDM concentrator system, each concentrator is connected by separate highways to at least two main switching centres which are interconnected by a data link via which messages may be exchanged so as to cause only one of the centres to effect control actions in respect of calls arising at a concentrator and to prevent double connections in respect of a same call from being set up on the two highways extending from the concentrator to the two main centres. The general arrangement is depicted in Fig. 1 where concentrators 1 each have an appearance on a concentrator control 28 in two different centres 5. Signalling between concentrators and centres takes place during the first and 16th channels of a 32 slot frame, 32 such frames forming a multiframe and 4 multiframes a superframe. The superframes are relatively staggered on the highways emanating from a single concentrator so as to prevent crosstalk and furthermore, an empty (hiccup) multiframe is inserted between super frames so as to reduce the possibility of double connections caused by two switching centres trying to control a same call. In response to a calling line, the control in one centre finds the line during an appropriate signalling period and then warns off the control in the other centre using the data link 32. If the first control does not then succeed in setting up a desired connection it requests the other control to attempt to do so. Details are provided of the signalling format in respect of line scan, channel allocation, tone supply, switching instructions, supervision and special services such as coin fee checking and howler tone supply. As to the latter services, a distinction is made between the hardware for special services permanently allotted to an individual line, e.g. coin freed (Fig. 6, not shown) and those of a transitory nature, e.g. howler (Fig. 7, not shown) wherein an additional switching network path is needed. Each control contains last look memory for call supervision (Figs. 13 and 14, not shown) while the overall control and interchange message signalling circuits are described with reference to Figs. 11 and 12 (not shown). Each concentrator contains a two-stage read-relay, switching network that provides connections between 1500 subscribers and four, 32 channel highways, each subscriber having access to 15 channels on each of the highways (Fig. 3, not shown).
Patent GB-303089-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cleansing compositions
IPC: C11D7/50
Filed: 1927-09-28
Abstract: 303,089. Thorpe, T. E., Thorpe. F. J., and Waller, P. H. Sept. 28, 1927. Cleaning-compositions suitable for removing stains from fabrics &c. consist of carbon tetrachloride and oil of eucalyptus. There may be added terebene, oleate aniline yellow, and oil of cloves. For example, ¢ oz. of oil of eucalyptus, ¢ oz. of terebene, ¢ grain of aniline yellow, and “ oz. of oil of cloves are in succession stirred into 2 gallons of carbon tetrachloride.
Patent GB-204885-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to shading devices for vehicular and other lamps
IPC: B60Q1/14
Filed: 1922-09-22
Abstract: 204,885. Garrard, T. K. Sept. 22, 1922. Lantern screens.-A screen K of flexible translucent material such as celluloid, coloured in a graded density from one end to the other is mounted in a frame, H which forms the front of, or is attached to, a vehicle or like lamp, so as to prevent the transmission of actinic light-rays. The film K is wound on a spring roller J, and extends across a circular opening H<1> in the frame to a second roller L which is revolved by a rack-andpinion train L<1> actuated by the lever M through a Bowden-wire or like device M<1> so as to bring the desired portion of the film K in front of the frame aperture H<1>.
Patent GB-635853-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing anisole
IPC: C07C43/205
Filed: 1947-09-22
Abstract: Anisole is prepared by contacting phenol with dimethyl ether in the vapour phase in the presence of a solid dehydrating catalyst at 225-400 DEG  C.  Unreacted dimethyl ether may be continuously removed and recycled with the addition of "make-up" methyl alcohol. Specified catalysts are activated alumina, the oxides of thorium, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, molybdenum and chromium, and heat-treated clays such as kaolin; promoters such as magnesium or zinc oxide or potassium carbonate may be present. The catalyst, which may be mixed with a carrier, may be used in a fixed bed or "fluid catalyst" process.  Preferably at least a half mol. of ether is used per mol. of phenol.  In the examples: (1) phenol and dimethyl ether are reacted over activated alumina at 345-355 DEG  C. to give anisole; (2) the process is repeated employing recovered unreacted dimethyl ether together with "make-up" methanol. In the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, the lower limit for the temperature range is given as 200 DEG  C.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-637576-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to covers for textile fibre drafting
IPC: D01H5/74
Filed: 1946-08-28
Abstract: A roll cover for textile fibre drafting has a working surface made of a vulcanized synthetic rubber which is oil-resistant, resilient and non-thermoplastic and is rendered lap-resistant or more lap-resistant by having uniformly dispersed therein as the dispersed phase the reaction product resulting from the digestion in water dispersion of an animal protein and a water-ionizable compound which combines with the protein to produce a compatible water-soluble digestion product which is readily dispersible in the synthetic rubber.  The rubber may be a butadiene-acrylonitrile or isopreneacrylonitrile copolymer.  The protein may be glue, casein or gelatin, and the water-ionizable compound calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate, phosphoric acid or hydrochloric acid.  The optimum amount of the digestion product is about 70 parts per 100 parts of the rubber.  In addition, titanium dioxide, sulphur, triacetin, carbon black, zinc oxide, benzothiazyl disulphide, magnesia, litharge, lead peroxide, graphite, stearic acid, cork, soft wood and balsa may be incorporated.  Specifications 637,574 and 637,575 are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the subject-matter of Specification 637,577.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:A roll cover for textile fibre drafting has a working surface made of a vulcanized synthetic rubber which is oil-resistant, resilient and non-thermoplastic and is rendered lap-resistant or more lap-resistant by having uniformly dispersed therein as the dispersed phase the reaction product resulting from the digestion in water dispersion of an animal protein and a water ionisable compound which combines with the protein to produce a compatible water-soluble digestion product which is readily dispersible in the synthetic rubber.  The preferred rubbers are neoprene, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer and isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymer.  The protein may be glue, casein or gelatine, and the water ionisable compound calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate, phosphoric acid or hydrochloric acid. The optimum amount of the digestion product is about 70 parts per 100 parts of the rubber.  In addition, titanium dioxide, sulphur, triacetin, carbon black, zinc oxide benzothiazyl disulphide, magnesia, litharge, lead peroxide, graphite, stearic acid, cork, soft wood and balsa may be incorporated.  Specifications 637,574 and 637,575 are referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the subject-matter of Specification 637,577.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-878979-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisation process
IPC: C08F2/00
Filed: 1960-07-25
Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated compounds of general formula:- <FORM:0878979/IV (a)/1> where R1 and R2 are hydrogen, hydrocarbon radicals, or polar atoms or groups (e.g. halogens, ester, ether, nitrile or halogen-substituted hydrocarbon radicals) such that at least one of R1 and R2 is a polar atom or group, are polymerized alone or with other copolymerizable monomers in the presence of a catalyst comprising an organic boron derivative of formula:-R12B-O-BR12 where R1 is a hydrocarbon radical.  Specified monomers are vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, alkyl acrylates and methacrylates and acrylonitrile.  Specified catalysts are the diethyl, dipropyl, di-isopropyl, dibutyl, di-isobutyl and di-tertiary butyl boric anhydrides.  The polymerization may take place in bulk or in solution, nad small quantities of oxygen (0,001%-0,01%) may also be present.
Patent GB-1362511-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing cryolite
IPC: C01F7/54
Filed: 1973-05-30
Abstract: 1362511 Producing cryolite KALI-CHEMIE AG and SALINE LUDWIGSHALLE AG 30 May 1973 [6 June 1972] 25833/73 Heading C1A Na3AlF6 is prepared by simultaneously adding aqueous solutions of an Na salt and NH4F to an aqueous solution of AlF3 with vigorous stirring at 10-90 C., the Na:F molar ratio being 1 : 1 to 1À5: 1. The Na salt may be the chloride, the sulphate or a mixture of these. The resulting cryolite precipitate is separated, washed and dried. The ammonia may be recovered and re-used to prepare NH4F.
Patent GB-657488-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dynamic supporting surfaces
IPC: B63B1/24
Filed: 1947-09-23
Abstract: 657,488. Hydroplanes; aircraft wings. CORLIEU, L. M. DE. Sept. 23, 1947, No. 25880. Convention date, Jan. 29, 1946. [Classes 4 and 113 (ii)] In a vessel adapted to travel through water under the action of conventional propulsion means, one or more supporting surfaces are provided, which are adapted to adjust themselves automatically to transient dynamic variations in the water, such surfaces being constructed to have a narrow stiff leading edge 1 and an extensive trailing portion 2 of progressively increasing flexibility. The portion 2 comprises flexible ribs 3 covered with an elastic skin. The surface is pivoted at 4 and an operating lever 5 serves to withdraw the device. The surfaces may be initially flat or smoothly curved and are mounted in transverse rows behind each other or in tiers one above the other. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 states that the surfaces may be employed on aircraft. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.