Patent GB-761548-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in finishing textile fabrics
Inventor: EVANS JOHN GWYNANT
IPC: D06Q1/08
Filed: 1952-06-20
Abstract: In mechanically finishing a textile fabric by treating the fabric with an aqueous composition comprising a substance which, at least in part, will form a synthetic resin on heating and thereby fix the mechanical effect, the fabric is mechanically treated while saturated with the aqueous composition.  The latter may comprise a catalyst and a compound capable of forming a resin, or two or more compounds which will react together to form a resin, or one or more resin-forming components which will react with another component applied as a vapour or in organic solution after the mechanical treatment.  The resinforming substance may be a mixture or precondensate of formaldehyde and an amine, amide, thioamide, phenol or ketone; glyoxal or its condensates with an amine or amide; an organic isocyanate or isothiocyanate or a bisulphite compound or organic adduct thereof; or a polyhydroxy compound in conjunction with formaldehyde or a methylol compound or glyoxal.  The mechanical effect, which may be glazing, schreinering, embossing, beetling, rippling, or the production of moire or cire effects, may be imparted by a press, stamp or calendar or by tightly winding the fabric into a roll interleaved with rubber or other flexible material bearing a surface pattern. The impregnated material may be mangled prior to the mechanical operation or the material may be impregnated as it is entering the device for producing the mechanical effect.  In examples, (2) a cotton fabric is impregnated with a colloidal aqueous dispersion containing methylated trimethylol melamine and formic acid, mangled to an 80 per cent take-up, embossed and heated at 140 DEG C.; (3) a viscose rayon staple-fibre fabric is impregnated with an aqueous solution of urea, embossed at 170 DEG C., dried, impregnated with a solution of toluylene-2.4 - di - isocyanate in petroleum spirit (boiling range 130-160 DEG C.), dried and heated at 140 DEG C.; (6) a viscose rayon staplefibre fabric is impregnated with an aqueous emulsion containing urea and hexamethylene - di - isocyanate and, while containing 95 to 105 parts of emulsion to 100 parts by weight of fabric, is embossed at 170 DEG C., dried and heated at 140 DEG C.; (7) in a process similar to (6) a cotton fabric is impregnated with an aqueous emulsion containing toluylene di-isocyanate and urea; (9) an unmercerised cotton fabric is impregnated with an aqueous solution containing a urea-formaldehyde precondensate and methylated trimethylol melamine and, while containing 70 to 80 parts of solution per 100 parts by weight of fabric, is embossed at 180 DEG C. and then heated at 145 DEG C.  In other examples mercerised cotton fabrics are treated.  In certain examples the impregnating composition includes ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and emulsifying agents. In example (10) the impregnating composition includes a dyestuff, and in example (1) the fabric is aftertreated with a swelling agent.  Specifications 452,149 [Group IV] 690,237, 696,030, 716,232, and 752,192 are referred to.  The first Provisional Specification refers to Specification 425,032 [Group IV].