baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20000029690-A (KR)
Inventor: VIAL HENRI
IPC: C07D295/12
Filed: 1997-07-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: Pharmaceutical compositions having antimalarial and anti-babesiosis activity, the active principles of the compositions, and the use thereof for preparing antimalarial drugs, are provided. CONSTITUTION: The pharmaceutical compositions contain 2 quartery-ammonium group with hydrocarbon chain on the end, and have high antimalarial and anti-babesiosis activity. These activities prevents a parasite from generating in an erythrocyte or preserves an erythrocyte from infringement.
Patent KR-20000035808-A (KR)
Title: Compositions comprising microparticles of water-insoluble substances and method for preparing same
Inventor: PARIKH INDU
IPC: A61K47/06
Filed: 1997-03-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: Compositions and procedures are provided that yield sub-micron and micron stable particles of water-insoluble or poorly soluble drugs or other industrially useful insoluble compounds. CONSTITUTION: A composition of micro particles of a water-insoluble substance comprises particles of an industrially useful water insoluble or poorly soluble compound, a phospholipid and at least one non-ionic, anionic or cationic surfactant, in which the surfactant or surfactants provide volume-weighted mean particle size values of the water-insoluble compound at least 50% smaller than particles produced without the presence of the surfactant using the same energy input
Patent KR-20000068535-A (KR)
IPC: B32B27/32
Filed: 1997-09-11
Abstract: 본 발명은 크로스라미네이트(cross-laminate)되지 않은 필름을 포함하는 백(bag)(10), 파우치(pouch), 케이스, 또는 필름 단편이 결합되어 형성된 시이트 등의 제품을 제공한다.  본 제품은 평행판 파열강도((parallel plate burst strength)가 물 300인치 이상, 더 바람직하게는 물 약 300 내지 2000인치이다.  필름은 광범위한 중합체들중 1종을 포함하며, 선형 저밀도 폴리에틸렌이 바람직한 중합체이다.  필름은 자체에 용봉(heat seal)되거나 또는 다른 필름(바람직하게는 유사하거나 동일한 필름)에 용봉된다.  바람직하게는, 필름의 총 두께는 약 3 내지 20밀이다.  파열강도는 필름이 크로스라미네이트되지 않은 점을 고려할 때 놀라운 정도이다.
Patent KR-20000048965-A (KR)
Title: Soluble mono-alkyl stannoic acid catalyst and its use in preparing high molecular weight polyesters
Inventor: BRUGEL EDWARD GUS
IPC: C08G63/85
Filed: 1997-10-06
Abstract: PURPOSE: A soluble mono-alkyl Stannoic Acid/glycol liquid phase catalyst produced from the reaction of a mono-alkyl Stannoic Acid and a glycol at a temperature of from at least 180°C, and its use in preparing high molecular weight polyester polymers are provided. CONSTITUTION: Provided is a new soluble mono-alkyl Stannoic Acid catalyst which is formed by heating, i.e., reacting, a mono-alkyl Stannoic Acid, and, in particular, mono-butyl Stannoic Acid, with a glycol of the formula (I): HO-R-OH (I) wherein R is selected from C2 to C50 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl and combinations thereof, at a temperature of at least 180°C, preferably greater than about 200°C, and most preferred in the range of from 200°C to 210°C, whereby the mono-alkyl Stannoic Acid reacts selectively with the glycol to yield a mono-alkyl Stannoic Acid/glycol liquid phase and, under some conditions, a solid precipitate. The mono-alkyl Stannoic Acid/glycol liquid phase demonstrates substantially improved catalytic activity as an esterification catalyst when compared to unreacted mono-alkyl Stannoic Acid.
Patent KR-20000049163-A (KR)
Title: Pharmaceutical and cosmetic antiacne formulations containing plant extracts (krameria triandra or mesua ferrea)
Inventor: CRISTONI ALDO
IPC: A61K36/00
Filed: 1997-10-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: Pharmaceutical and cosmetic antiacne formulations containing plant extracts (krameria triandra or mesua ferrea) is prepared for the treatment of acne. CONSTITUTION: Pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations with antiacne activity containing: a) an antimicrobial hydrophilic extract of Krameria sp., or a pure compound from said extract and/or an antimicrobial lipophilic extract of Mesua ferrea; b) ximeninic acid and/or lauric acid; c) antiinflammatory saponins extracted from Olax dissitiflora, Aesculum hippocastanum, Centella asiatica, Terminalia sericea, Glycyrrhiza glabra.
Patent KR-20000052817-A (KR)
Inventor: MARCHETTO ROBERT F
IPC: H04W88/18
Filed: 1997-10-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A digital communications system having an automatically selectable transmission rate is provided to maintain communication between a paging base station (transceiver) and a mobile paging unit when signal reception is below a level that would otherwise be unacceptable. CONSTITUTION: A digital communications system having an automatically selectable transmission rate changes from one data transmission rate to another depending upon the quality of the communication channel. In particular, the symbol rate of the transmissions remains the same, but the number of modulation states and bits per symbol is decreased or increased depending upon the bit error rate of the received signal. In some arrangements, the transceiver transmits at the highest bit rate for that particular system(46). If no response is received from the paging unit or the paging unit sends a response signal back to the transceiver indicating the signal sent is unacceptable(43), the transceiver retransmits at a lower bit rate(45). In other arrangements, the receiver determines the highest data rate within the group of data rates available and transmits a signal representative of that data rate to the base station. In response to such a signal, the base station transmits at the requested data rate until a different data rate is requested.
Patent KR-20000053069-A (KR)
Inventor: GAYER HERBERT
IPC: A01N43/54
Filed: 1997-10-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: Conventional pyrimidines do not satisfy requirements for their fungicidal activity, particularly due to their law concentrations. Novel halogenopyrimidines useful as pesticides and two methods for producing the compounds are provided. CONSTITUTION: A halogenopyrimidines of formula(I) possess pesticidal activities, wherein Z is optionally substituted Cycloalkyl, Aryl or Heterocyclyl; R is Hydrogen or Alkyl; Q is Oxygen or Sulfur; X is Halogen; and L¬1, L¬2, L¬3 and L¬4 are identical or different from each other, and respectively Hydrogen, Halogen, Cyano, Nitro, or optionally Halogen-substituted Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylsulfinyl or Alkylsulfonyl. The halogenopyrimidines are prepared by method(a) comprising the step of: reacting 2-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-methoxyimino-acetamides of formula(II) with substituted halogenopyrimidines of formula(III), appropriately in the presence of diluents, acid receptors, and catalysts. Alternatively, the halogenopyrimidines are prepared by method(b) comprising the step of: reacting feroxypyrimidine of formula(IV) with ring compounds of formula(V), appropriately in the presence of diluents, acid receptors, and catalysts. The halogenopyrimidines are available for extermination of vermin.
Patent KR-20000057518-A (KR)
Title: Technique for manufacturing hose
Inventor: PYLE KEVIN JAMES
IPC: B29C48/09
Filed: 1997-09-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A hose which has a high level of burst strength can be manufactured without including continuous yarn reinforcement. CONSTITUTION: A process for manufacturing a hose comprises: (1) extruding a rubber composition into the form of a tube, wherein the rubber composition is comprised of (a) a polypropylene/polyethylene alloy comprised of (i) a low melt index polyethylene and (ii) polypropylene, wherein the polypropylene is homogeneously dispersed throughout the polyethylene in the polypropylene/polyethylene alloy, (b) an EPDM rubber, (c) carbon black, (d) at least one curative, (e) zinc oxide, (f) a processing oil and (g) stearic acid; (2) shaping the tube into the geometric form desired for the hose; and (3) curing the rubber composition at a temperature within the range of 130°C to 210°C to produce the hose.
Patent KR-20000070434-A (KR)
IPC: B42F5/02
Filed: 1997-11-04
Abstract: An album page having at least one pair of parallel strips (5), which are joined to a substrate (1) in the longitudinal direction of the strips (5) and, at their mutually facing edges, have an unjoined region. The distance between the longitudinal joins is slightly greater than the extent in one direction of an object (6) to be held. In one embodiment the strips (5) are of the same length as the longitudinal edges of the substrate (1). In this way the album pages can be produced in a continuous process. The album page is preferably produced from the same materials (e.g., cardboard).
Patent KR-20010014362-A (KR)
IPC: A61K31/165
Filed: 1998-06-24
Abstract: 하기 화학식 I 및 그의 페닐아미노 벤즈히드록삼산 유도체는 MEK의 강력한 억제제이며, 그 자체로서 암 및 기타 증식성 질병, 예컨대 건선 및 재발협착증의 치료에서 효과적이다. 
     <화학식 I> 
     
       
     
     식중, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 및 R 6 은 수소 또는 알킬과 같은 치환기이고, R 7 은 수소 또는 유기 라디칼이다.
Patent KR-20000071284-A (KR)
Title: 판독기 시스템에 대하여 미승인된 접근을 방지하는 방법및 시스템
IPC: G06F12/14
Filed: 2000-01-24
Abstract: 본 발명은 일정의 환경에 대하여 미승인된 접근을 방지하는 시스템 및 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 제1 특징에 있어서, 상기 시스템은 사용자로부터 생물 측정학적 정보를 판독하는 판독 수단 및 사용자의 신원과 관련된 정보를 상기 판독 수단에 제공하는 생물 측정학적 장치를 포함한다. 마지막으로, 상기 시스템은 사용자의 진부를 검출하고 그 사용자의 진부에 관한 정보를 판독 수단에 제공하는 검출 수단을 포함한다. 본 발명의 제2 특징에 있어서, 상기 방법은 사용자로부터 생물 측정학적 정보를 판독하는 단계 및 사용자로부터 진부 정보를 판독하는 단계를 포함한다. 또한, 상기 방법은 생물 측정학적 정보가 정확하고 진부 정보가 검출될 때 상기 환경에 대한 사용자의 접근을 허용하는 단계를 포함한다. 따라서, 본 발명은 사용자의 진부를 검출하는 장치, 즉 의학적 펄스 산소 농도계와 결합된 생물 측정학적 장치를 사용함으로써 미승인된 사용자가 그 환경에 접근하는 것을 방지하는 시스템 및 방법을 제공한다. 본 발명은 이러한 구성 요소의 상호 작용에 의해 특정 환경에 대하여 미승인된 접근을 방지하는 것을 가능하게 한다.
Patent KR-20000053601-A (KR)
Title: Polyamide composition
Inventor: OKA HIDEAKI
IPC: C08K3/24
Filed: 2000-01-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A polyamide composition having good flame retardancy and heat resistance, exhibiting good thermal stability is provided. CONSTITUTION: A polyamide (A) for use is not specifically defined, and may be any one generally usable in ordinary molding materials. It includes, for example, aliphatic polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon 69, nylon 1212, nylon 46 and their copolymers; as well as semiaromatic polyamides comprising dicarboxylic acid units of essentially aromatic dicarboxylic acid units and diamine units of essentially aliphatic alkylenediamine units, such as nylon 6T and nylon 9T.
Patent KR-20010076806-A (KR)
Title: Method manufacture instant rice-cake for a rice cake and broiled dish of sliced rice cake available brown rice
Inventor: BYUN KOOK YUN
IPC: A23L7/10
Filed: 2000-01-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is a method for preparation of instant garae rice-cake for sliced rice cake stew and rice-cake soup using sprouting unpolished rice. The prepared garae rice-cake is characterized in that it is superior in absorption, adsorption, processing nature, flexibility and digestibility and it eliminates a bad permeability of water, therefore it can be instantly used. CONSTITUTION: A preparation method of instant garae rice-cake is composed of the following steps of: (a) soaking 30-90% of sprouting unpolished rice having a sprout of 1-5mm and 10-70% of general unpolished rice in water for 3-5 hours and 20-24hours, respectively; (b) putting them mixed with salt into earthenware steamer and then getting them well-done by applying heat thereto; (c) extracting the ripened sprouting unpolished rice and general unpolished rice by a rice-cake catapult; (d) receiving and cooling the formed garae rice-cake in cool water and drying it; and (e) cutting and packaging it.
Patent KR-20010076861-A (KR)
Title: Base structure of a breakwater or embankment for the ground having a soft layer deeply
Inventor: YANG WON HOI
IPC: E02B3/06
Filed: 2000-01-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A breakwater or embankment fundamental structure is provided to complement the safety by an elevation and to prevent a sinking by an upper load. CONSTITUTION: Many hollow blocks(4) are erectly buried under inside and outside inclined faces(3,3a). Fine sand(5) are filled inside the hollow blocks(4). Underground shielding partitions(10,10a) are buried therein. Fine sand(5a) are filled by excavating a weak ground(2) in a space between the underground shielding partitions(10,10a). Many hard polypropylene mats(11) are layered in the find sand(5a). Thereby, a vertical load is shielded by the underground shielding partitions(10,10a). Therefore, a constructing time and a constructing cost are reduced and a firm breakwater and an embankment are constructed.
Patent KR-20010077254-A (KR)
Title: A method of fabricating charge coupled device
Inventor: KIM SANG SIK
IPC: H01L27/146
Filed: 2000-02-01
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for fabricating a solid state imaging device is provided to prevent a bridge between microlenses and to form the microlenses uniformly by increasing a thermal treatment process margin. CONSTITUTION: An optoelectronic device(112) and a CCD(Charge Coupled Device)(114) are formed at each pixel unit, and a passivation film(118) is formed on the whole surface of a substrate. And a color filter layer(120) is formed on the passivation film on the upper part of the optoelectronic device. A planarization film(122) is formed on the whole surface of the substrate and a photoresist film is formed on the planarization film. And the photoresist film is patterned in each pixel unit, and the patterned photoresist film is thermally treated. A compound(126) for reducing a surface energy is deposited before forming the photoresist film or after patterning the photoresist film. The compound for reducing the surface energy contains at least one of C-F and -CH3 radical.
Patent KR-20010077289-A (KR)
Title: Visitor data management system and method thereof
Inventor: KIM YEONG BAE
IPC: G06Q50/00
Filed: 2000-02-01
Abstract: PURPOSE: The system and method for managing the visitor data is provided to progress the smooth event, to prevent the waste of resource by the card recycle, and to support the sale planning or marketing of participating companies with the useful data. CONSTITUTION: The participating companies input the own data to a host computer and receive an identification code(100). The visitor fills up the application form and receives an RF card(110). The visitor registers the exhibition entrance by inputting the RF card at a gate(120). The visitor inputs an own identification code by passing the RF card to an RF card reader, which is disposed for the booth of thee participating companies(130). The identification code inputted from the RF card reader is transferred to the host computer, which registers and classifies the data(200). The gathered and classified data is sent to the participating companies and the visitor on real time according to the request of the participating companies and visitor(210). The visitor registers the own walkout by inputting the RF card at the gate(140).
Patent KR-20000036332-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO SUK HYEONG
IPC: C07H3/00
Filed: 2000-02-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of low molecular polysaccharide or oligosaccharide thereof is provided which saves time and money by using titanium oxide as photocatalyst. The low molecular polysaccharide or oligosaccharide thereof can be used for bioactive substances such as foods, cosmetics, medicines or reagents. CONSTITUTION: 0.5-20 wt.% of polysaccharide such as chitin, chitosan, pectin, inulin, cellulose, gum, starch, glycogen, heparin etc. is solubilized in a proper solvent such as distilled water. 0.01-5 wt.% of photocatalyst such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide or hydrogen peroxide is dispersed in the polysaccharide solution(or powder), and then a ray such as ultraviolet of 200-400nm, radiation of alpha, beta or gamma ray, desirably gamma ray, or electron beam of 0.01-2,000 kGy, is irradiated.
Patent KR-20010081380-A (KR)
Title: Roll type adhesion memo
Inventor: KIM TAE SEUNG
IPC: B42D15/00
Filed: 2000-02-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A roll type adhesive memo paper is provided to allow a user to use the memo paper having a desired length as much as the user may need by cutting the memo paper. CONSTITUTION: A strip shaped memo paper(3) coated with an adhesive on the one surface is rolled up to form the roll type adhesive memo paper. A cutting knife(2) is provided at a desired position over the roll type adhesive memo paper to allow a user to cut the desired length of the memo paper as much as the user may need. Thereby, if the user requires a small amount of memo paper, the unnecessary consumption of the memo paper is prevented. On the other hand, if the user have to write a large amount of memo, the inconvenience caused by joining several memo papers is eliminated.
Patent KR-20000058037-A (KR)
Inventor: SCHMIDT CHRISTOPH DR
IPC: C03C1/04
Filed: 2000-02-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: Pearlescent and scarlet interface pigments based on platelet-like substrates are provided which can be easily manufactured and are excellent in tinting strength and hiding properties. CONSTITUTION: A pigment based on platelet-like substrates comprises (A) a coating layer having high reflective index containing a mixture of TiO2 and Fe2O3 in a ratio of 10 : 1 to 1 : 3 and optionally less than 20% by weight of one or more metal oxides based on the weight of the layer (A), (B) a colorless coating layer of a reflective index n of less than 1.8 and a selective outer protecting layer. The platelet-like substrates are selected from platelet-like substances coated with natural or synthetic mica, glass, Al2O3, SiO2 or TiO2 plates and metal oxide. The layer (A) contains pseudobrookite.
Patent KR-20000058185-A (KR)
Inventor: CILLIERRE FRANCOIS
IPC: B60N2/42
Filed: 2000-02-24
Abstract: PURPOSE: A pivot apparatus for a seat of a car and a sea of a car equipping a pivot apparatus is provided to reduce pertinently a rotary torque applied to a pivot apparatus when a shock is generated because of a traffic accident, and not to need a complex control means. CONSTITUTION: A seat of a car equipping a pivot apparatus comprises : a seat part(2) to be equipped on a floor of car(3) ; a back rest(4) to be equipped on a seat part(2) and to be pivoted on a horizontal axis(X) with a pivot apparatus(5) controlled by a control lever(6). And a pivot apparatus(5) comprises : a metallic flange of fixing type(7) to be connected with a stiff frame of a seat part(2) ; a metallic flange of moving type(8) to be connected with a frame of a back rest(4) ; a metallic crown(9) to be clamped on the outer circumference of a metallic flange of moving type(8), and to fix a circular housing closed ; a locking tool(10) to be formed in a housing, and to prevent moving of a metallic flange of moving type(8).
Patent KR-20000062643-A (KR)
Title: 음극선관장치
IPC: H01J29/48
Filed: 2000-02-25
Abstract: 본 발명은 음극선관장치에 관한 것으로, 특히 형광체 스크린 주변에 있어서 전자빔스폿형상의 타원왜곡을 개량하고, 양호한 화질을 안정되게 공급하도록 이루어진 컬러음극선관장치에 관한 것으로서, 본 전자총구체는 전자빔 발생부(21), 프리 포커스(pre focus)렌즈(22), 서브렌즈(23) 및 주렌즈(24)를 형성하고, 서브렌즈(23)는 수평방향의 집속력이 수직방향보다도 약하고, 주렌즈(24)는 수평방향의 집속력이 수직방향보다도 강하며, 무편향시에는 프리 포커스렌즈(22)와 서브렌즈(23)와의 사이에 제 1의 4극자렌즈(25)를 형성하고, 서브렌즈(23)와 주렌즈(24)와의 사이에 제 2의 4극자렌즈(26)를 형성하며, 제 1 및 제 2의 4극자렌즈를 형성하는 적어도 1개의 그리드에 편향자계에 동기하여 파라볼라형상으로 변화하고, 무편향시보다 편향시의 쪽이 높아지는 다이나믹 포커스전압이 인가되는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20010084484-A (KR)
Title: guerrilla banner-ad quiz game
Inventor: HAN SUNG CHUL
Filed: 2000-02-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A guerilla banner advertisement quiz game method is provided to increase the effect of advertisement by using a guerilla banner advertisement quiz game, and by effectively making the netizens know contents of the advertisement well. CONSTITUTION: A netizen connects a homepage and searches information provided from a homepage information providing board(S11). A cyber money character suddenly appears and performs an act suitable for the cyber money character(S12). The cyber money character is found on a homepage and clicked(S13). A java script window including quiz appears on the homepage(S14). The netizen reads contents of quiz interposed on the java script window and makes out answers. In addition, the java script window disappeared(S15). The homepage automatically judges whether the answers are right(S16). The java script window appears again on the homepage(S17).
Patent KR-20000030638-A (KR)
Inventor: JANG SUN BOK
IPC: F28F1/00
Filed: 2000-03-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A heat exchange pipe of a heat exchanger is provided to improve the heat exchanging efficiency and to reduce the generation of frost by extending the contact area of a heat exchange pipe with air as well as by reducing fluid resistance when the air passes. CONSTITUTION: A heat exchanger is composed of a heat exchange pipe(2) flowing a heat medium and plural heat radiating fins(4) combined to the heat exchange pipe. The heat exchange pipe is constituted of a long axis and a short axis at a ratio of two to one and the long axis is arranged in the transverse direction. The heat exchange pipe having an elliptical section generates the exfoliation of air less than a heat exchange pipe(2) having a perfect circular section. Therefore, the air smoothly passes by reducing the fluid resistance when the air passes the heat exchanger and the contact area of the heat exchange pipe with the air is extended to improve the heat exchanging efficiency.
Patent KR-20000062858-A (KR)
IPC: B24B41/06
Filed: 2000-03-14
Abstract: 표면에 연마 패드가 부착된 플라텐과, 연마할 웨이퍼를 유지하여 연마 패드에 웨이퍼의 일면을 접촉시키는 웨이퍼 유지 헤드를 구비하고, 이 웨이퍼 유지 헤드와 플라텐의 상대 운동에 의해 연마 패드로 웨이퍼를 연마하는 웨이퍼 연마 장치에 있어서, 웨이퍼 유지 헤드의 외측에는, 하부에 지립층을 갖춘 원통형 드레스 링이, 연마 패드 표면에 접촉되면서 회전 가능하게 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 웨이퍼 연마 장치.
Patent KR-20010090114-A (KR)
Inventor: JUNG SAM JONG
IPC: G07F9/02
Filed: 2000-03-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A vending machine of display emphasis type is provided to maximize the effect of advertisement, to improve the convenience of use, and to reduce the cost of manufacturing thereof. CONSTITUTION: The vending machine consists of a money mechanism(10) for recognizing the input of money; a product discharge part(20); a display window(50) for displaying the condition of the vending machine, selling products, and a guide message; a numbers/functional keys pad(60) having several number buttons for allowing selection of the selling products and several functional keys for allowing check/repair of the vending machine; a display driving part(40) for controlling the message output on the display window, to which output signals of the numbers/functional key pad are transmitted; and a control part(30) for controlling the display part as well as the whole area of the vending machine.
Patent KR-20010094379-A (KR)
Title: Side view mirror apparatus for motor vehicle
Inventor: KHO MYUNG DUK
IPC: B60R1/00
Filed: 2000-03-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A back mirror system for a vehicle is provided to reduce a protrusion length of a back mirror for reducing an air resistance, simplify the reading of information output to a display window of a mobile phone by displaying the information after extension, and improve the convenience of use of the mobile phone by mounting a hands-free kit. CONSTITUTION: A back mirror system for a vehicle includes a first back mirror unit having a housing(111) of which an end is disposed outside a vehicle(11) and the other end is disposed inside the vehicle, an object lens and an eye lens respectively disposed at inside and outside end parts of the housing, a plane reflective mirror(201) disposed between the object and eye lenses for blocking off a window(161) formed in the housing and movable between a reflection position for reflecting light of the object lens to the eye lens and a withdrawal position for opening the window, and a hands-free kit(501) formed with a space(S) for receiving a personal digital assistant(401) partially and an exposure opening(512) for exposing a display window(402) of the personal digital assistant, the exposure opening being positioned corresponding to the window of the housing toward the eye lens, and a second back mirror unit(601) mounted in the object lens area of the first back mirror unit to rotate crossing an advance direction of the vehicle.