baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-915890-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of improved pour point depressants for middle distillates
IPC: C10L1/18
Filed: 1961-01-02
Abstract: A pour-point depressant for middle distillates comprises a copolymer of ethylene with up to 40% by weight of an olefinically unsaturated monomer containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms with a molecular weight of 1,000-3,000.  The preferred monomer is vinyl acetate, though vinyl propionate, methyl methacrylate, allyl ethyl ether, divinyl ether, acrylonitrile or vinyl acetonitrile may be used.  The oils used are those boiling between 250 DEG  and 750 DEG F. such as heating oils, diesel fuel oils, kerosenes and jet fuels.ALSO:Ethylene is copolymerized with up to 40% by weight of an olefinically unsaturated monomer containing 3-5 carbon atoms to a molecular weight of 1,000-3,000.  The monomer can be vinyl propionate, methyl methacrylate, allyl ethyl ether, divinyl ether, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetonitrile or, preferably, vinyl acetate. Polymerization is carried out in a solvent such as toluene or hexane with a peroxy catalyst, preferably di-tertiary-butyl peroxide at a temperature between 280 DEG  and 340 DEG F. under a pressure of between 700 and 2,000 p.s.i. The autoclave is purged with nitrogen and then ethylene before being charged with enough ethylene to yield the desired pressure when heated to the reaction temperature.  During the polymerization additional ethylene is added to maintain the pressure at the desired level. Polymerization is considered complete when the pressure drops less than 50 p.s.i. per hour.  Improved products are formed if the catalyst and/or the second monomer are added continuously during the polymerization.  The products can be used as additives for middle distillates and lighter oils such as heating oils, diesel fuel oils, kerosines and jet fuels in order to depress the pour-point.
Patent GB-1006928-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in refrigerators
Inventor: FERGUSON JOHN ROSS
IPC: F25D17/04
Filed: 1961-01-02
Abstract: 1,006,928. Refrigerators. MORPHYRICHARDS (ASTRAL) Ltd. Dec. 29, 1961 [Jan. 2, 1961], No. 43/61. Heading F4H. In a domestic refrigerator of the absorption inert gas type, the freezing chamber is formed by a casing enclosing the evaporator and including a portion extending below the evaporator to form a supplementary storage compartment cooled by convection. As shown, the evaporator 14, Fig. 1, comprises tubing having four parallel limbs 16-19, Fig. 4, and the casing 22 of the freezing chamber is supported on the outer limbs by channels 24, 25, Fig. 3, which are slid over the tubing. A plate 20 resting on the inner limbs forms the floor of an upper freezing compartment 21, and the supplementary freezing compartment 26 has a ribbed liner of heat insulating, e.g. synthetic resin, material 27 to prevent excessive heat conduction, the goods, e.g. frozen food packages, stored in this compartment being cooled by convection currents flowing over the lower temperature inner evaporator limbs 17, 18. Alternatively, in place of the liner, small isolated projections may be formed on the floor of chamber 26.
Patent GB-196964-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to inseam trimming machines
IPC: A43D49/00
Filed: 1922-01-03
Abstract: 196,964. Pochin, F. H., Gent, A. S., Ward, A., and Dove, G. H. Jan. 3, 1922. Trimming.-In an inseam trimming machine of the kind having a cylindrical or dished rotary knife and a conical or cylindrical feed roll engaging the upstanding edge of the inseam, the feed roll is arranged with its axis substantially horizontal and below the horizontal plane containing the axis of the cutter. A cvlindrical feed roll 3 driven by a pulley 8 is mounted below the axis 4 of a cylindrical knife 5. The roll is longitudinally adjustable by a screw 9 and is provided with a guard 3<a> which assists in clearing away parings. The cutter 5 is provided with a hinged guard 14 which serves as a work rest. In a modification, the axis of the feed roll 3 is inclined to the cutter, the roll is conical, Fig. 3, and the. guard 3<a> is replaced by an inverted conical member. The feed roll is vertically adjustable. The Provisional Specification also states that the work rest 14 may be held in normal position by a spring, and that a variable speed drive may be provided for the feed roll.
Patent GB-104516-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the Recovery of Zinc, Lead, and Sulphur from Sulphide Ores.
Inventor: HAVILAND FREDERICK HENRY
IPC: C22B19/18
Filed: 1916-01-03
Abstract: 104,516. Haviland, F. H. Jan. 3, 1916. Sulphur.-Sulphur and zinc are obtained by subjecting a sulphide ore to the action of a flame of reducing gas mixed with sufficient oxygen to cause combustion of the liberated hydrogen or sulphuretted hydrogen formed in the furnace but insufficient to give the flame an oxidizing effect. Gas is taken to have an excess of carbon present in the furnace after the desulphurisation and during the process of extraction of the zinc, and the zinc fume is condensed in a precipitation chamber in which an electrostatic field is maintained. In one method, zinc sulphide ore and an excess of powdered carbon are charged into a furnace A arranged to operate in the manner described in Specification 8279/13, but steam is preferably employed as the chief source of oxygen to be injected with the reducing-gas, thus avoiding the introduction of unnecessary nitrogen when air is used. When the ore has been desulphurized, the temperature is raised sufficiently to effect reduction and volatisation of the zinc, which passes from the furnace together with sulphur which is being eliminated from those parts of the ore which have not been completely desulphurized. The mixed sulphur and zinc, both in the free form, pass into a precipitating chamber B, in which the zinc is deposited, and the sulphur passes into a second chamber C, in which it is deposited. Both sulphur and zinc may be deposited together and afterwards separated from each other. When treating complex sulphide ores, for example those containing zinc, lead and iron, the ores are transferred, after desulphurization, to an electric or other furnace wherein the lead and zinc are volatilized and deposited electrostatically as oxides, either separately or together. The lead may be tapped from the zinc in the electric furnace. It is stated to be possible to work with a larger amount of carbon dioxide in the fumes than is possible in ordinary methods.
Patent IS-6541-A (IS)
Inventor: LIDEN INGE
IPC: G07C9/00
Filed: 2002-09-04
Abstract: A method of authorizing a key or lock device comprises the following steps: a first user device and a first system device used in a first level of a lock system, such as at a manufacturer, are created. A first encryption key is stored in the first user device and the first system device. When the user device is to be shipped to a second level of the lock system, such as a locksmith, an authentication process is carried out between the first user device and the first system device using the first encryption key stored therein. In case the authentication process was successful, a software operation is carried out by the first system device, by which the first encryption key stored in the first user device is replaced by a second encryption key. This second encryption key is stored in second system and user devices used in the second level of the lock system, thereby making the first user device operable with the second system and user devices. This prevents unauthorized use of keys and locks.
Patent JP-H04249995-A (JP)
Title: Telephone set circuit for wired broadcast telephone set
Inventor: YONEZAWA TETSUO
IPC: H04M3/02
Filed: 1991-01-07
Abstract: PURPOSE:To eliminate a permanent call state electrically and to use the line for talking regardless of the permanent call state takes place in the line. CONSTITUTION:A 32Hz signal detection circuit 11 receives a 32Hz signal outputted from an exchange 3 and outputs a signal of logical '1', and a 16Hz signal detection circuit 4 receives a 16Hz signal outputted from the exchange 3 and outputs a signal of logical '1' respectively. A loop detection circuit 6 outputs a signal of logic 1 when a loop is formed by lines 11, 12 from the exchange and a telephone set. An OR circuit 5 outputs an OR signal between a signal from the 32Hz detection circuit 11 and a signal from the 16Hz detection circuit 4. An AND circuit 7 outputs an AND between a signal outputted from the OR circuit and a signal outputted from the loop detection circuit. A relay 8 is active by the output of the AND circuit, a resistor is connected in the loop by a contact to increase the impedance in the loop so as to disconnect the telephone set apparently.
Patent CH-548510-A (CH)
Title: Insulating roof covering permitting snow to melt - by increasing thermal conductivity under snow load
IPC: E04D11/02
Filed: 1972-01-07
Abstract: Material comprises 3 layers (1) a flexible top surface of e.g. polypropylene film with reinforcing filaments; (2) an insulating core 28 cm thick of resilient glass fibre mat; and (3) a rigid base of reinforced plastics. The core compresses under the load of snow and its thermal conductivity increases correspondingly. When the snow load has melted away the core returns to its original thickness and insulating value.
Patent DK-50092-A (DK)
Inventor: LATTER VICTORIA SUSAN
IPC: A61K31/12
Filed: 1992-04-14
Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of 2-[4-(4-chlorophenyl) cyclohexyl]-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone or a physiologically acceptable salt or other physiologically functional derivative thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of cryptosporidiosis in animals, to pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of cryptosporidiosis, comprising said compound as active ingredient and to a method of treating or preventing cryptosporidiosis in an animal which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of said compound.
Patent EG-19324-A (EG)
Title: Plaque removing toothbrush
IPC: A46B9/04
Filed: 1991-03-27
Granted: 1994-10-30
Abstract: A toothbrush (10) comprising a head (12) having a flat surface (14) facing upwards, the head being joined to a handle. The tufts of bristles are arranged in two groups of rows (26, 40), each row extending transversely of the head (12). The rows of the first and second groups (26, 40) alternate with each other along the longitudinal axis (16) of the head (12). In the first group (26), the two laterally outermost tufts (30, 32) of each row tilt outwards towards their respective nearest side of the head, this tilt being about 12 degrees. The middle tuft (46) of each of the second group (40) extends substantially vertically upwards from the head (12). The laterally outermost tufts (44) of the second group (40) tilt laterally inwards towards each other by about 8 degrees. The tufts thus define three functional groups. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-948483-A (GB)
Title: Vibration damped structure
IPC: G10K11/168
Filed: 1960-01-01
Abstract: 948,483. Laminates. BOLT BERANEK & NEWMAN Inc. Jan. 1, 1960 [March 23, 1959], No. 123/60. Heading B5N. A structure designed to damp a predetermined band of vibrational-wave frequencies comprises two acoustically dissimilar transmission elements separated by a viscous medium. The two elements are in the form of plates, rods, tubes &c. and have different propagation velocities for waves transmitted in a bending mode. The velocity difference is obtained by using different dimensions, materials or operating temperatures for the two elements. As shown, two steel plates 1, 3 of different thicknesses are separated by a liquid medium 5 e.g. silicone oil. The two plates may have the same thickness and a difference in velocities msy be obtained by notching one of them. The plates may be spaced by foam plastic separators 7. The two plates may be made of translucent or transparent glass and the medium 5 may be light-transmitting.
Patent GB-1059787-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the concentration of phosphoric acids
IPC: C01B25/24
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: Wet process phosphoric acid is concentrated by contacting a pool of the acid with hot gases passing through a dip pipe at a gas velocity such that the surface of the pool which at zero gas velocity covers the outlet of the pipe is displaced so that the pipe is no longer submerged; gas and evolved acid vapours are removed from above the pool and liquid product is withdrawn from the pool.  The ratio between the gas velocity in ft./min. and the annular cross-sectional area between the dip-pipe and the nearest point of the chamber in square inches is preferably in excess of 6.5, e.g. 7.1 or alternatively if the gas flow be measured in cubic ft./hr., the ratio is in excess of 96, e.g. 106, and the medium pool cross-sectional area bears a ratio to the cross-sectional area of the dip-pipe of at least 5.5 to 1.
Patent GB-1092385-A (GB)
Title: Warp knitting
IPC: D04B21/00
Filed: 1966-01-04
Abstract: A warp knitted fabric is produced from textured yarns of at least 100 denier on a two guide bar machine by knitting one warp of yarns in alternate courses or groups of courses whilst floating the yarns of the other warp and knitting the other warp of yarns in the intervening courses or groups of courses whilst floating the yarns of the first warp.  Various lapping arrangements can be adopted provided the warps are knitted in different courses.  The textured yarns have a density less than half that of the parent untextured yarn when measured at 0.01 gram per denier tension and at least 10% of recoverable extensibility.  The yarns may be thermoplastic false twist textured yarns made up of continuous filaments of less than 10 denier each.
Patent GB-285892-A (GB)
Title: Compressed air wheel brakes
IPC: F16D65/22
Filed: 1928-01-05
Abstract: 285,892. Rheinsche Metallwaarenund Maschinenfabrik S÷mmerda Akt.-Ges., and Faudi, F. Feb. 25, 1927, [Convention date]. Fluid-pressure; blocks and shoes acting on drums.-The cylinder or equivalent actuator of a compressed air brake for vehicle wheels comprises a casing enclosing a bag made of caoutchouc or other material to which the compressed air is admitted and whichh by its expansion actuates the piston or pistons or movable parts of the casing which move about actual or virtual pivots and are connected to the brake shoes &c. by links. As shown, the fixed plate d that closes the brake drum a of the disc wheel b has bolted thereto a casing i closed by a pair of flaps or pistons k1, k2 pivoted at h. The pistons are connected to the brake shoes e by links m. A flexible bag l disposed in the casing i, has a nozzle l1 by which compressed air is admitted whereby the pistons are forced apart as shown and the shoes e applied to the drum. In another construction the casing is pivotally mounted and acts as one of the pistons and in a further construction, the pistons oscillate, about a virtual pivot, the surfaces of the casing being curved about the pivot. According to the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a), the casing may be cylindrical and the pistons have a parallel movement. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-266100-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers
IPC: F28F9/22
Filed: 1926-01-06
Abstract: 266,100. Carborundum Co., Ltd., (Carborundum Co.). Jan. 6, 1926. Air and gas heating furnaces.-A heat exchanger adapted for transferring heat from live gases of combustion to air or other fluids comprises a shell structure containing a combustion chamber and heat transfer elements, these elements comprising refractory tubes of a material having a high coefficient of thermal conductivity, such as silicon carbide. An outer shell 2 formed of spaced metal walls having insulating material 3 between them has an intake 5 and an outlet 4 for the air to be heated and encloses an inner metal shell 7 the lower portion of which is protected by fire-clay walls 8 and contains a silicon carbide combustion chamber 9 of U-shape. One arm of the combustion chamber communicates with a burner opening 10 and the other arm is provided with an outlet opening through which the gases of combustion pass into the inner shell 7. The combustion chamber is spaced from the floor of the heater by a fire-clay base 12 having spaces 13 to permit of circulation of the gases beneath the combustion chamber. Adjacent the top and rear walls of the combustion chamber are arranged rows 14, 15 of silicon carbide tubes supported at their ends in the fire-clay walls 8 and in the side walls of the inner shell 7, the upper parts of the walls 8 comprising co-operating recessed bricks 16. Above the silicon carbide tubes are arranged banks of metal tubes 17 supported in the side walls of the inner shell 7, and within the shell are metal baffles 19 causing the gases of combustion to make several passes through the shell before passing out through an off-take flue 20 located between and spaced from the rear end walls 6, 21 of the outer and inner shells. The rear end wall 21 and the top wall of the inner shell extend to the side walls of the outer shell so that the air entering at 5 passes up the rear and along the top of the inner shell and is guided by baffles 22 to make several passes through the tubes 14, 15 and 17 before passing off through the off-take 4. The metal tubes 17 are protected from the radiant heat of the combustion chamber by the silicon carbide tubes 14, 15, and the lower rows of tubes may, with the metal walls, be made of calorized metal. The air discharged from the tubes into the chambers 23, 24 consists of hotter air from the lower tubes and cooler air from the upper tubes, and due to convection currents the cooler air sinks in these chambers so as to pass into the lower tubes of the next bank, thus equalizing the temperature.
Patent GB-283954-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods and devices for the production of monochrome images on photographic films
IPC: G03C5/04
Filed: 1928-01-06
Abstract: 283,954. Soc. Technique d'Optique etde Photographie, (Assignees of Chretien, G.). Jan. 22, 1927, [Convention date]. Drawings to Specification. Reproducing images on lenticular films.-A monochrome photograph exhibiting enhanced contrasts is produced by exposing in a camera a film coated on the rear surface with sensitive emulsion and provided on the front surface with an embossing of minute lenses which preferably have contiguous hexagonal bases, and which produce images of the diaphragm aperture of the camera objective in the plane of the sensitive surface; and by printing by projection from the negative so produced, in a camera wherein the negative is placed with its embossed surface facing theobjective, and the diaphragm of this objective is so adjusted as to its position and diameter as to block out from the projected image the white field which surrounds each of the minute images produced by the lenticular elements. In an example, a celluloid cinematograph film of thickness 0.35 mm. is embossed with lenticular elements having a radius of curvature of 0.090 m.m, and numbering from 300 to 500 per square millimetre.
Patent GB-137529-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in processes for the production of amino-compounds from trinitrotoluol
Filed: 1920-01-06
Abstract: Amino compounds are obtained by the partial or complete reduction of trinitrotoluene by means of iron and an acid; an example is given of the production of 2 : 4 - diamino - 6 - nitrotoluene.  The Specification, as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a), comprises also the following subject-matter:-Aromatic nitro explosives are converted into aromatic compounds of non-explosive or low explosive character by treatment with reducing, oxidizing, halogenating, &c. agents.  The following processes are described:-2 : 4 - Diamino - 6 - nitrotoluene is diazotized and coupled on the fibre with b -naphthol; reduction of trinitrotoluene by ammonium sulphide to 4 : 6 - dinitro - 2 - aminotoluene, which is diazotized and coupled on the fibre with b -naphthol; oxidation of trinitrotoluene by fuming nitric acid to trinitrobenzoic acid, or by caustic soda to "trinitrohydroxytoluol"; the latter body may be reduced to "aminohydroxybenzols or nitroaminohydroxybenzols or homologues thereof," which may be diazotized and coupled with naphthol &c., condensation of trinitrotoluene with butyl alcohol to give an artificial musk 2 : 4 : 6 - trinitro - 3 - butyltoluene. Halogenation, e.g. by chlorine, in the ring or side chain, is also mentioned.  Other nitro explosives specified as suitable for treatment are tetryl, dinitrobenzene, "explosive D," ammonium picrate, picric acid, trinitrocresol, amatol, &c.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes the production of azo dyes on the fibre from diazotized 2 : 4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene or 4 : 6-dinitro-2-aminotoluene and b -naphthol.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-706557-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in footwear
IPC: A43B3/16
Filed: 1951-01-08
Abstract: 706,557. Footwear. AHMED, Z. March 14, 1952 [Jan. 8, 1951], No. 486/51. Class 17(2) Footwear comprises an outer protective sheath 1 and a detachable lining 2 comprising a sole 3 and upper 4 of flexible material, such as soft leather, the upper having a slit 5 the sides of which are furnished with means such as a sliding clasp fastener or elastic gusset, for joining them together. Imitation lacing may be formed on the lining.
Patent GB-576276-A (GB)
Title: Folding crate
IPC: B65D21/032
Filed: 1944-01-11
Abstract: 576,276. Folding crates. HARDING, E. D. Jan. 11, 1944, No. 491. [Class 18] A folding crate consists of top and bottom rigid rectangular frames A, B pivoted at their corners to corner posts C in such a way that the top can move sideways and downwards on to the bottom, the ends being constituted by panels fixed in the frames constituted by the corner posts and the ends of the top and bottom frames, the sides being constituted by panels hinged at E to the side elements of the bottom (or top) frame and held erect by gravity turn buttons fixed on the side elements of the top (or bottom) frame so that when the buttons are turned the side walls and consequently the crate as a whole may collapse, the side walls being then positioned flat on the base (or top).