baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-102303499-B1 (KR)
Title: Optical actuator
Inventor: KIM HEE SEUNG
IPC: G03B5/00
Filed: 2020-06-18
Granted: 2021-09-23
Abstract: The present invention provides an optical actuator, which includes: a base in which a second guide rail and a first coil extending in a first direction perpendicular to the optical axis are provided on a first surface portion, and a second coil provided on a second surface portion which is different from the first surface portion; a first carrier having a first groove portion rail and a first magnet extending in the optical axis direction provided on a first facing portion which is an outer surface portion opposite to the first surface portion, and a second magnet provided on a second facing portion facing the second surface portion; and a second carrier including a second groove portion rail provided on the outer surface portion facing the first surface portion and extending in the first direction, and a first guide rail provided on the inner surface portion facing the first surface portion and extending in the optical axis direction.
Patent KR-102338502-B1 (KR)
Title: Casing for underground water well
Inventor: CHO SUN NAM
IPC: E03B3/16
Filed: 2020-06-22
Granted: 2021-12-14
Abstract: The present invention provides a well material for an underground water well, which is a cylindrical structure formed to be vertically long compared to a diameter with a hollow inside. The well material for an underground water well comprises: an open hole which is partially formed on an outer surface of the cylindrical structure for inflow of cleaning water; a perforated hole unit which is disposed on a lower side than the open hole of the cylindrical structure for inflow of underground water inside the well; and a check valve which covers the open hole and controls supply of the cleaning water in one direction. The cylindrical structure is formed of a transparent material. According to the present invention, condition of the rock wall in the underground water well can be accurately confirmed.
Patent KR-102238438-B1 (KR)
Title: System for providing commercial product transaction service using price standardization
Inventor: SONG TAE WOOK
IPC: G06F3/0485
Filed: 2020-06-22
Granted: 2021-04-09
Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for providing an advertising product transaction service using a standardized advertising product. The system includes: an advertising terminal registering an advertising product by uploading advertisement supply information including the type of at least one advertising medium for advertising, a main sector or industry, an advertising product amount, and an advertising method including the frequency or cycle of advertising, transmitting whether to accept or not in a case where an advertising purchase request event is received, and transmitting an advertising execution result report in the case of acceptance; a request terminal searching for or extracting the registered advertising product using a search word or at least one filter to select an advertising product and make an advertising request or outputting an advertising purchase request event for advertising request transmission after preset item entering and receiving and outputting an advertising execution result in the case of an acceptance determination; and an advertising product transaction service providing server including an upload unit collecting the advertisement supply information from the at least one advertising terminal and uploading the information as an advertising product, an extraction unit transmitting, to the request terminal, a result matching filter search or a result in which a main sector or industry corresponding to an advertiser industry in the advertising request is matched in a case where the filter search or advertising request is received from the request terminal, a transfer unit performing transfer to the advertising terminal selected at the request terminal in a case where the advertising purchase request event is output at the request terminal, and a monitoring unit performing transmission to the request terminal and advertising execution result transfer in a case where an acceptance event is output from the advertising terminal to which the advertising purchase request event has been transferred.
Patent KR-102186715-B1 (KR)
Title: Mobile disinfection device and mobile disinfection booth to detect users
Inventor: LEE YUN KU
IPC: B05B13/02
Filed: 2020-06-23
Granted: 2020-12-09
Abstract: According to the present invention, provided are a portable disinfection device and a portable disinfection device system that detect users. The device comprises: a body unit in which a space is formed and the space is divided into an identification area and a sterilization area along a user′s movement path; a sensing unit which is provided on the identification area to detect the user′s state on the movement path; a disinfection unit which sprays chemicals toward the user moving along the movement path in the sterilization area; and a moving unit which is coupled to the lower portion of the body unit and moves the body unit while rotating.
Patent KR-102433615-B1 (KR)
Title: 전자부품
IPC: H01G4/232
Filed: 2020-06-26
Granted: 2022-08-18
Abstract: 전자부품은 본체부와 외부 전극을 포함하고 있다. 외부 전극은 본체부의 표면에 마련되어 있다. 외부 전극은 하부전극층과 제1 Ni(니켈) 도금층과 상측 도금층을 포함하고 있다. 제1 Ni 도금층은 하부전극층 상에 형성되어 있다. 상측 도금층은 제1 Ni 도금층의 상방에 형성되어 있다. 제1 Ni 도금층은 평균 입경이 52㎚ 이하의 Ni 입자로 구성되어 있다.
Patent KR-102413694-B1 (KR)
IPC: G16H15/00
Filed: 2020-07-07
Granted: 2022-06-28
Abstract: 병변 검출 연동방법 및 이를 위한 치과영상 처리장치가 개시된다. 일 실시 예에 따른 병변 검출 연동방법은 검출한 병변 내역을 소프트웨어 간에 연동하여 사용자가 효율적으로 병변을 판독하고 처리할 수 있도록 한다.
Patent KR-102255580-B1 (KR)
Title: Cosmetic composition comprising Ilex paraguayensis extract and Tranexamic acid
Inventor: KIM SO YOUNG
IPC: A61K8/44
Filed: 2020-07-14
Granted: 2021-05-25
Abstract: The present invention relates to a whitening, antioxidant and anti-wrinkle cosmetic composition containing a mixture of Ilex paraguayensis extracts and tranexamic acid as active ingredients. Since the mixture provided by the present invention has excellent melanocyte proliferation inhibitory activity, melanocyte cycle inhibitory activity, melanogenesis inhibitory activity, DPPH scavenging activity and elastase inhibitory activity, the mixture can be used as a whitening, antioxidant and anti-wrinkle cosmetic composition.
Patent KR-102281032-B1 (KR)
Title: Planter having storage space of water of wickless
Inventor: PARK KONG YOUNG
IPC: A01G9/02
Filed: 2020-07-16
Granted: 2021-07-23
Abstract: The present invention relates to a planter forming a wickless water storage space, which comprises: a planter body having an upwardly-opened empty box shape and having a water supply/drain hole with a predetermined diameter perforated at a predetermined height from the bottom surface; a drain plate provided in the upper part of the water supply/drain hole of the planter body, having a plate surface filled with soil at a predetermined certain height, and having a plurality of drain holes with a diameter preventing the soil from passing through formed on the plate surface; and a plurality of columns having a tubular shape which forms a height from the periphery of a through-hole to be vertically penetrated from the plate surface of the drain plate with a predetermined diameter to the bottom surface of the planter body and has a plurality of inlets formed on a side surface to be spaced apart from the lower end at a predetermined height, to support the drain plate. According to the present invention, water stored in the lower part of the drain plate by only natural rainfall is transferred to the soil filled in the upper part of the drain plate through the soil filled in the column, and thus water can be stably supplied.
Patent KR-102328245-B1 (KR)
Title: Storage mechanism with sterilization function
IPC: A45C13/10
Filed: 2020-07-24
Granted: 2021-11-18
Abstract: The present invention relates to a storage apparatus with a sterilization function, comprising: a storage portion which is provided with both an article-accommodating space therein and a sterilizing part irradiating ultraviolet rays to the inside of the article-accommodating space; an opening/closing portion coupled to the storage portion and formed to enable the article-accommodating space to be opened and closed; and an attachment portion attaching the sterilizing part to an inner surface of the pouch (storage portion). According to the present invention, when the article-accommodating space is closed by the opening/closing portion, various articles stored therein are automatically sterilized, thereby preventing a safety accident caused by irradiation of ultraviolet rays to the eyes of a user.
Patent KR-102475055-B1 (KR)
Title: 차아염소산 음용 조성물
IPC: C02F1/68
Filed: 2020-07-29
Granted: 2022-12-06
Abstract: 본 발명은 종래 차아염소산수는 안전성이 부족하여 섭취하기 어렵다는 점을 해결하고자, 유기산 혼합용액 및 차아염소산염 혼합용액을 일정비로 혼합한 음용가능한 음용 조성물에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 음용 안전성이 있으며, 혈압 강하, 간기능 개선, 총 콜레스테롤 저하 등의 건강 증진 효과를 나타낸다.
Patent KR-102200614-B1 (KR)
Inventor: OH CHANG GUN
IPC: E04H1/12
Filed: 2020-08-04
Granted: 2021-01-07
Abstract: Disclosed is a studio system which can form a plurality of booths with a minimal space, minimize the occurrence of costs, change an internal structure if needed, and implement various recording environments. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the studio system comprises: a studio booth; and a partition wall part dividing the studio booth into a first booth and a second booth, wherein the partition wall part is configured to adjust a size of the first booth and the second booth while moving along a longitudinal direction of the studio booth.
Patent KR-102409582-B1 (KR)
Title: 조리용기용 착탈식 손잡이
IPC: A47J45/08
Filed: 2020-08-12
Granted: 2022-06-20
Abstract: 본 발명은 간단한 조작에 의해 각종 조리용기에 분리 가능하게 결합되며 조리용기에 결합된 상태를 안정적으로 유지하는 조리용기용 착탈식 손잡이에 관한 것으로서, 
선단 부분에 조리용기의 외측면에 접하는 단차면이 형성되고 상측에 수용공간이 구비된 하부몸체와, 하부몸체의 수용공간을 막아주도록 하부몸체에 조립되는 상부몸체를 포함하는 바디; 선단부에 조리용기의 내측면에 접하는 착탈편이 구비되어 바디의 하부몸체에 길이방향으로 슬라이딩 가능하게 설치되는 슬라이딩 플레이트; 선단부가 바디의 하부몸체에 힌지로 결합되며 상단 부분에 자유 회전되는 안내롤이 구비된 레버; 바디의 하부몸체에 슬라이딩 가능하게 설치되어 슬라이딩 플레이트에 결합되고 저면에 레버의 안내롤에 접촉되는 경사면이 구비되어 레버의 회전에 따라 바디의 후방측으로 이동되며 경사면의 전방측에 안내롤의 이동을 제한하는 턱부가 구비된 작동부재; 및 슬라이딩 플레이트의 후방에 배치되어 슬라이딩 플레이트를 초기 위치로 복귀시키는 리턴 스프링을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-102338861-B1 (KR)
IPC: C12Q1/6818
Filed: 2020-08-13
Granted: 2021-12-14
Abstract: 본 발명은 RT-LAMP를 이용한 코로나바이러스감염증-19을 일으키는 SARS-CoV-2를 검출하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 자세하게는 RT-LAMP를 이용한 SARS-CoV-2의 검출용 PNA 프로브와 프라이머 및 이를 이용한 감염여부 판별방법에 관한 것으로, 본 발명에 따르면, 종래 코로나바이러스감염증-19 진단에 사용되는 PCR과 RT-PCR 방법에 비해 편리하고 신속하게 SARS-CoV-2의 ORF1ab 유전자와 N 유전자를 증폭 및 판별할 수 있어,  SARS-CoV-2 감염 여부를 빠르게 진단할 수 있다.
Patent KR-102275874-B1 (KR)
Title: Communication module package having antenna and transmission line
Inventor: JEON CHAN IK
IPC: H01Q9/04
Filed: 2020-08-14
Granted: 2021-07-09
Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna and transmission line-integrated communication module package, which comprises: a communication module including a first base, a signal processing unit located on one surface of the first base, a first connector located at the first base, a first antenna located on the other surface of the first base and electrically connected to the signal processing unit, and a molding part coupled to the other surface of the first base and surrounding the first antenna; and a coupling module made of a flexible film, and including a second base having one side coupled to be in contact with the molding part, a second antenna located in the one side to transmit or receive a signal processed by the signal processing unit by cooperating with the first antenna, a second connector located at the second base and coupled to the first connector, and a transmission line extending from the second connector to the other side of the second base. Accordingly, the characteristics of the antenna can be easily adjusted.
Patent KR-102399391-B1 (KR)
Title: 플랫타입 트랜스포머
IPC: H01F30/06
Filed: 2020-08-19
Granted: 2022-05-18
Abstract: 본 발명은 절연이 요구되는 구성부에 대하여 몰딩 방식을 도입함으로써 뛰어난 절연성과 내구성 및 소음 차폐성을 가지며, 슬림(slim)하면서도 고용량화가 가능하여 얇고 고부하의 제품에 적용할 수 있어 제품 경쟁력을 확보할 수 있고, 일부 공정을 자동화 할 수 있어 제작성과 생산성을 현저히 증대시킬 수 있으며, 프라이머리 코일의 구성을 위한 인쇄회로기판(PCB)을 필요로 하지 않아 제작 단가를 낮춰 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있는 플랫타입 트랜스포머에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 1차 코일이 구비되는 1차 코일 장착부와 2차코일이 구비되는 2차 코일 장착부가 형성되며, 양단부에서 동일방향으로 1차코일 연결핀과 2차코일 연결핀이 각각 형성되는 보빈 어셈블리; 상기 보빈 어셈블리를 감싸 절연시키도록 몰딩 형성되되, 상기 1차코일 연결핀과 2차코일 연결핀이 노출되게 몰딩 형성되는 몰딩 커버 부재; 상기 몰딩 커버 부재에 구비되는 상하부 코어 부재; 상기 상하부 코어 부재를 감싸면서 구비되는 절연 테이프; 및 상기 몰딩 커버 부재의 일측에 결합되어 구비되는 베이스 부재;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 플랫타입 트랜스포머가 제공된다.
Patent KR-102219206-B1 (KR)
Title: Method for producing a cold storage composition for ice packs containing flour and a cold storage composition for ice packs prepared by the same
Inventor: LEE TAI SEUNG
IPC: C09K5/10
Filed: 2020-08-21
Granted: 2021-02-22
Abstract: The present invention relates to a production method of a cold reserving material composition for an ice pack, comprising wheat flour and to a cold reserving material composition for an ice pack produced by the production method thereof. The cold reserving material composition does not contain a super absorbent polymer and contains wheat flour as a main component, and thus is easy to decompose upon disposal, does not cause environmental pollution problems, has a long duration of cooling time, and is stable and inexpensive.
Patent KR-102411586-B1 (KR)
Title: 로터리 방식의 열물질교환장치
IPC: F28D21/00
Filed: 2020-08-24
Granted: 2022-06-21
Abstract: 열물질교환장치는 회전하도록 배치되어 공기를 통과시키며 열과 습기의 적어도 하나를 공기와 교환하는 원통형상의 열물질교환로터와, 열물질교환로터를 회전 가능하도록 수용하는 수용구멍을 포함하는 로터프레임과, 로터프레임에 연결되는 연결부 및 연결부와 일체로 성형되어 열물질교환로터를 회전 가능하게 지지하는 지지부를 포함하여 로터프레임의 적어도 일면에 배치되고, 연결부가 로터프레임에 연결될 때 지지부가 열물질교환로터에 결합함으로써 로터프레임에 대한 열물질교환로터의 위치를 정렬하는 브라켓을 포함한다.
Patent KR-102290367-B1 (KR)
Title: Multilayer porous tubular structure with lumen containing differential quantity of bioactive material within each porous layer
Inventor: BAEK IN SU
IPC: A61L27/56
Filed: 2020-08-28
Granted: 2021-08-19
Abstract: A tubular structure is disclosed. The tubular structure is formed by stacking a plurality of layers, a plurality of pores are formed in each layer, and a bioactive material may be contained in the pores in at least one layer. Provided is a technology for a tubular structure that can be appropriately controlled to show different effects from the inside and outside of a vascular conduit depending on the type of drug.
Patent KR-102555477-B1 (KR)
Title: 면도기 조립체
IPC: B26B21/22
Filed: 2020-08-31
Granted: 2023-07-13
Abstract: 면도기 조립체를 개시한다. 
본 개시의 일 실시예에 의하면, 커팅 에지를 가지는 적어도 하나의 면도 블레이드; 적어도 하나의 면도 블레이드를 종방향으로 놓이도록 수용하는 블레이드 하우징; 블레이드 하우징의 일측에 고정된 커넥터로서, 제1면을 포함하는 제1결합부를 포함하는 커넥터; 및 커넥터와 종방향과 평행한 회전축을 중심으로 회전 가능하게 연결되는 홀더로서, 제1면과 대면하는 제2면을 포함하는 제2결합부를 포함하는 홀더를 포함하되, 커넥터 및 홀더는 제1결합부 및 제2결합부가 결합됨으로써 연결되고, 커넥터가 회전축을 중심으로 홀더에 대하여 회전할 때, 제1면은 제2면을 따라 제2면에 대하여 이동하도록 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 면도기 조립체를 제공한다.
Patent KR-102200071-B1 (KR)
Inventor: KIM YONG MIN
IPC: B21J13/02
Filed: 2020-09-01
Granted: 2021-01-07
Abstract: The present invention relates to a forging apparatus which comprises: a material support unit which supports cylindrical forging material having a penetrating hole in a central shaft unit; a side surface forging unit installed on one side of the material support unit to apply a rotary force to the forging materials and at the same time to pressurize the outer circumferential surface; an inner surface forging unit which includes an actuator horizontally installed on an upper side of the side surface forging unit, a forging rod case mounted on a piston rod of the actuator, a forging rod elevatably installed on the forging rod case to be inserted into a penetrating hole of forging materials and to pressurize the inner circumferential surface of the penetrating hole toward the side surface forging unit, and a forging rod driving unit which makes the forging rod axially rotate; an upper/lower side forging unit which includes a cabinet placed to have an adjustable distance toward the side surface forging unit, a pair of pressurizing cones placed on the front surface of the cabinet to be apart from each other in a vertical direction and to pressurize an upper cross-section and a lower cross-section of the forging materials, and a cone driving unit which is installed on the cabinet to make the pressurizing cone rotate axially. The pressurizing cone includes: a rotary core connected to the cone driving unit through a shaft; and a hollow shell in a cone shape to be detachably engaged with the rotary core and to wrap around the rotary core. As such, according to the present invention, the forging apparatus allows easy replacement of parts for pressurizing a subject to be processed during a forging process and can be easily maintained to retain its best condition.
Patent KR-102307854-B1 (KR)
Title: Tracker adaptively controlling operation of wireless positioning signal receiver and location tracking system comprising the same
Inventor: HYUN IN BOK
IPC: H04W4/02
Filed: 2020-09-28
Granted: 2021-10-05
Abstract: Disclosed is a position tracker attached to a moving body such as cargo. According to the present invention, the position tracker comprises: a positioning signal receiver receiving a wireless signal transmitted from a positioning signal transmission device; a wireless communication unit communicating with a monitoring server; a motion sensor; and an operating mode determination unit using a measurement value of the motion sensor to determine a stop status, switching the operating mode of the positioning signal receiver to an inactive mode if in the stop state, and switching to an active mode if in a moving state. According to the present invention, if the position tracker is moving, the positioning signal receiver is activated to receive a positioning signal (GPS signal, beacon signal, etc.). If the position tracker is in the stop state, a reception module is switched to a standby mode to greatly reduce power consumption. In addition, according to the present invention, a reception period is adaptively adjusted in accordance with the moving speed or the like of the position tracker to greatly reduce power consumption. Also, according to the present invention, a transmission period to the monitoring server is adaptively adjusted in accordance with the moving speed or the like of the position tracker to greatly reduce power consumption.
Patent KR-102376113-B1 (KR)
Inventor: JAEHWAN LEE
IPC: G08G5/00
Filed: 2020-09-28
Granted: 2022-03-17
Abstract: Disclosed is a system for communication and control between a drone platoon and a controller based on a blockchain network. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a method for communication between a drone platoon and a controller based on a blockchain network includes: a step (a) in which one node is selected as a representative node, which is expected to participate in a first blockchain network related with a control node which is a node corresponding to the controller, from among a plurality of nodes corresponding to a plurality of drones flying in a platoon, respectively; a step (b) in which the one node participates in the first blockchain network to acquire a public key of the control node, and generates a connection request to the first blockchain network based on the public key; and a step (c) in which in response to the connection request, when the control node participates in a second blockchain network storing information related with the plurality of drones through verification using a private key thereof, the one node provides information related with a communication contract to the participating control node in a format signed with the public key. Therefore, the present invention enables the drone platoon and the controller to safely exchange information with each other.
Patent KR-102472568-B1 (KR)
IPC: G06T7/20
Filed: 2020-10-15
Granted: 2022-12-01
Abstract: 본 발명의 증강 현실을 제공하기 위한 3차원 맵을 구성하기 위한 장치는 위치를 이동하면서 촬영된 영상의 제1 프레임 및 제2 프레임을 포함하는 2개의 프레임이 입력되면, 입력된 2개의 프레임으로부터 포즈 정보를 획득하는 포즈획득부와, 심층학습모델을 이용하여 상기 2개의 프레임으로부터 뎁스 맵을 도출하는 뎁스산출부와, 상기 포즈 정보 및 상기 뎁스 맵을 기초로 3차원 맵을 생성하는 3차원맵생성부를 포함한다.
Patent KR-102432669-B1 (KR)
Title: 의류 포장용 카드보드 및 이를 이용한 의류 포장 방법
IPC: B65D73/00
Filed: 2020-10-15
Granted: 2022-08-16
Abstract: 본 발명에 따른 의류 포장용 카드보드는 포장 대상 의류의 배면 상측 부분에 배치되며, 종이재질로 형성되는 보드본체; 상기 보드본체의 중앙 상부에서 일측이 상기 보드본체와 연결되고 타측이 상기 보드본체의 하단부에서 자유단 형태로 제공되는 제1 지지부재; 상기 보드본체의 중앙 부분에서 상기 제1 지지부재와 동일한 형상으로 일정 간격 수평 방향으로 이격되어 제공되는 제2 지지부재; 및 상기 상기 보드본체의 상부측에서 상기 보드본체를 가로지르도록 탈착 가능하게 마련되는 제3 지지부재;를 포함한다.
Patent KR-102253109-B1 (KR)
Title: Vehicle Image Device Mount Apparatus
Inventor: KIM DONG GEUN
IPC: B60R11/02
Filed: 2020-11-02
Granted: 2021-05-17
Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle image device mount apparatus, which comprises: a lower support portion which includes a base plate installed on the floor of a trunk of a vehicle, a rail bar formed on an upper surface of the base plate, and a rail support coupled to the rail bar, and can slide back and forth; a central support vertically formed on an upper portion of the lower support portion; and an image holding portion mounted on the central support and having a plurality of monitors mounted thereon. The lower support portion includes a fixing portion which fixes the rail support in a state in which the rail support is moved from the rail bar to be drawn out. Accordingly, the vehicle image device mount apparatus can be installed in the trunk of the vehicle and can allow a user to watch an image outdoors. In addition, the vehicle image device mount apparatus can have the plurality of monitors or TVs mounted thereon and can be folded to minimize the volume thereof, thereby making storage convenient. A rail guide coupled to the middle of a rail is in the shape of a dumbbell, thereby maintaining quietness during operation without using a bearing. According to the present invention, the rail of the lower support portion can be manufactured to fit various lengths. In addition, the stroke of the rail of the lower support portion can be adjusted.
Patent KR-102347592-B1 (KR)
Title: Accident prevention system and method by checking the location of maintenance personnel
Inventor: KIM CHUL SU
IPC: G06Q50/30
Filed: 2020-11-13
Granted: 2022-01-07
Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for preventing an accident by checking maintenance personnel. The system includes: a user terminal provided to maintenance personnel to enable the maintenance personnel to input location information of the maintenance personnel in a railroad car, and carry out a preset inspection protocol with respect to an inspection requester making an inspection request; and an operation server communicating with the user terminal and storing the location information of the maintenance personnel delivered from the user terminal, and delivering a warning message to the user terminal when a safety signal is not inputted from the corresponding maintenance personnel even after the elapse of a preset accident determination time from a time when the final location information of maintenance personnel is delivered. Therefore, the present invention is capable of helping the maintenance personnel or taking action in case of an accident.
Patent KR-102212341-B1 (KR)
Title: Heating Appliance Assembly for Experiments
Inventor: PAIK BONG SEUNG
IPC: B01L7/00
Filed: 2020-11-19
Granted: 2021-02-04
Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating instrument assembly for experiments, which has enhanced stability. The heating instrument assembly for experiments includes: a stand having a panel-like shape and including a magnetic body; a pillar standing at one side of the stand; a tripod which supports a beaker containing an experimental solution therein and settled on the stand, and includes a ring-shaped support, three legs extended downwardly from the support, and a cap having a magnetic body inserted to the bottom of the legs and coupled magnetically to the stand; a lamp disposed in a region among the legs for heating the beaker; and a clamp extended from one side of the support to the beaker for fixing the beaker.