Patent GB-983626-A (GB)
Title: A pressure equalizing work gripping device
IPC: B23K11/31
Filed: 1962-05-15
Abstract: 983,626. Welding by pressure; riveting. E. J. WALTONEN. May 15, 1962 [May 17, 1961], No. 18650/62. Headings B3R and B3U. A pressure equalizing work-gripping device comprises a frame supported bar, a carriage mounted on the bar, a first work-gripping member fixedly mounted on the carriage, a second work-gripping member movable on the carriage, means for moving said second work gripping member, stop means on said movable work-gripping member engageable with said frame, and means biasing the first workgripping member towards the second workgripping member. The invention is particularly applicable to riveting and welding machines. Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, welding electrodes 74, 76 are carried respectively on a fixed abutment 70 of the carriage 26, and on the pistonrod 86 of an air cylinder 80 also carried on the carriage 26. The carriage 26 runs on a bar 22 through the intermediary of low friction ball bearings; the bar 22 is carried in the frame 12. A compression spring 90 tensioning a rod 88 urges the carriage to the right in the figures with a small force which is just sufficient to overcome the friction of the carriage 26 on the bar 22. In the open jaw position shown in Fig. 1, the rightward movement of the carriage 26 under the action of the biasing means 90 just described is limited by the stop 53 mounted on the movable electrode holder 52 engaging an adjustable stop 50 carried on the main frame 12. In operation, as pressure (such as air pressure) is admitted to the cylinder 80 to close the electrodes 74, 76 on to a workpiece 78, the movable electrode 76 and piston-rod 86 remain temporarily stationary while the cylinder 80, carriage 26 and fixed jaw 70 move to the right until electrode 74 contacts the workpiece 78 with a pressure equivalent to the biasing pressure arising from the spring 90. All now remains stationary with the exception of the movable jaw 52, piston-rod 86 &c., which are fed to the left, contact the workpiece and then clamp it to a pre-set degree. Thus, regardless of initial positioning of the work and jaws, at no time is the workpiece subject to an unbalanced force in excess of the biasing force. In a modification, Fig. 10, a pair of actuating cylinders 80a, 80b are mounted on a common carriage 26a each cylinder being associated with a pair of electrodes 74a, 76a, 74b, 76b. In a second embodiment, Fig. 7, there is shown a welding head for use in a vertical or inclined position, such that a carriage as in Fig. 1 has a gravitational motion component towards the cylinder 80 and frame 96. In this case, the carriage is mounted on a pair of parallel links 128, 130, and the weak biasing force is provided by a compression spring 134 mounted between the frame end 136 and carriage portion 120, and so adjusted that it does not quite counter-balance the gravitational component. Thus, as pressure is fed to cylinder 80, it will move " downward " with the carriage and fixed electrode until the reaction to the biasing force is transferred from abutment 53, 110, to the abutment of the now fixed jaw with the workpiece. The invention is particularly useful in large multi-station welding fixtures, since each individual welding head can accommodate considerable component variation, and the entire system can accommodate wide variation in electrode wear, all without causing any distortion of the work due to unequalized clamping pressures.