baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-696103-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of producing superficially saponified films or the like of fatty acid cellulose esters
IPC: G03C1/795
Filed: 1951-06-01
Abstract: A foil, film or the like of a fatty acid ester of cellulose which contains more than 1.5 but less than 3 molecules of combined fatty acid per glucose residue is subjected to superficial saponification in a bath containing an alkaline substance and an organic solvent, and when the saponification has proceeded to the desired depth the foil or other article is treated in one or more baths which terminate the saponification, at least one of these after-treatment baths being one which contains no aqueous solution of monobasic or dibasic acid but which is capable of reducing aqueous swelling of partially esterified cellulose having 0.5 to 1.5 molecules of combined fatty acid per glucose residue.  Such an after-treatment bath may be a solution of a water-soluble sulphate, phosphate, sulphite, thiosulphate, carbonate, tartrate, citrate, acetate, lactate, fluoride or chloride.  It may be an aqueous solution of a tribasic acid or of glycerol, glucose or a sugar.  It may be a primary saturated alcohol having a straight chain of 4-11 carbon atoms, such as butanol-1.  An after-treatment bath containing toluene, benzene, tetrahydronaphthalene or a liquid ether may be used.  The treated films may be used for photographic purposes, e.g. the saponified layers may be impregnated with light-sensitive substances.  If desired, plasticizers originally present in the films may be removed from the saponified layers by solvent treatment, e.g. by treatment with aqueous or alcoholic-aqueous solutions of dispersing agents such as salts of sulpho-ricinoleic acid, sodium oleate, sodium p-octylbenzene sulphonate, dodecylamine hydrochloride and lauryl ethers of polyethylene oxide.  The substance for reducing aqueous swelling and the solvent for the plasticizer may be incorporated in a single treatment bath.  In an example, a cellulose acetate tape is passed in succession through a solution of caustic potash in aqueous methanol, through two baths of butanol-1, through an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid and through two baths of circulating water.
Patent GB-353100-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the decomposition of gaseous hydrocarbons to obtain hydrogen and a high grade carbon black
IPC: C09C1/54
Filed: 1930-04-29
Abstract: <PICT:0353100/III/1> In the manufacture of carbon black and hydrogen by the decomposition of gaseous hydrocarbons by passage through incandescent fuel, the decomposition is so conducted that the temperature of the emergent products does exceed 600-700 DEG  C.; preferably, the fuel bed is maintained at 1000-1200 DEG  C., but lower temperatures, e.g. 800 DEG  C., may be used.  The gases are passed through the fuel bed by pressure or suction or both and the temperature of the emergent gases is controlled by varying the rate of flow and the depth of the fuel bed or by admitting the gases at different depths.  In the apparatus shown, gaseous hydrocarbons, derived for example from coke oven gases, are passed from pipes 5, 6 through incandescent coke contained in a shaft 1, the carbon and hydrogen formed passing by a pipe 3 to a depositing chamber 4 and thence to a heat regenerating apparatus 10.  A pyrometer 9 is provided to measure the temperature of the emerging gases.  During reheating periods, the gases are led away from the chamber 4 by a byepass 8 connected to the pipe 3, valves 12, 13 being provided for this purpose.  An example is furnished giving the composition of the gases employed, the feeding rate and the depth of the fuel bed. Specification 342,034 is referred to.
Patent GB-561369-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to composite building units for constructing walls and roofs
IPC: E04C2/04
Filed: 1942-09-18
Abstract: 561,369. Compound sheet materials. STRABLE, J. F., and GYPROC PRODUCTS, Ltd. Sept. 18, 1942, No. 13230. [Class 140] [Also in Group X] A composite building unit for covering roofs or walls consists of a sheet of gypsum plaster 12, Fig. 2, encased in a paper liner 13, and a sheet .of bituminous felt 14 permanently attached to one face of the encased plaster sheet with a border 14A extending beyond at least one edge of the sheet. The felt-covered gypsum boards may be applied to the wooden framework of a building comprising roof beams 10, Fig. 1, and studdings 11 with the vertical or inclined joints 16 staggered from course to course and with the felt borders 14A of the units in one row extending over the boards in the next lower course, and secured by sealing with melted bitumen or by melting the surfaces to be united by a hot iron or torch flame. Before securing the overlapping portions 14A the vertical joints 16 are covered by strips 17 of bituminous felt similarly secured. The felt overlap on the lowest course of roof-covering boards may be turned inwards and secured to the under face of these boards so that it passes over the upper wall-covering boards, and also if desired over a strip 18 of bituminous felt secured to the outer face of the upper course of wall-covering boards and bent back. Alternatively the roofcovering boards may stop short of the upper edge of the wall-covering boards, and the felt overlap on the lowest course of the roofcovering boards secured directly to the outer face of the wall-covering boards. The feltcovered gypsum boards may be bundled in pairs with the felt overlap on each board turned over and around its edge and the two overlaps accommodated side by side between the boards. The ends or short edges of bundles of board so formed may be held together by steel clips for transport. Specification 548,706 is referred to.
Patent GB-1122858-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to small axial-flow fans
IPC: F04D29/64
Filed: 1966-03-25
Abstract: 1,122,858. Ventilating-fans. ETUDES TECHNIQUES ET REPRESENTATIONS INDUSTRIELLES. 25 March, 1966 [28 May, 1965], No. 13236/66. Heading F4V.   To enable an electric fan to be mounted in an aperture in a wall and to be capable of being turned in the aperture to bring the electric connections to a convenient position, the casing 10 of the fan has a groove in which is seated a resilient ring 22 and a collar 18 is secured by bolts 28 to the wall 25 and also engages against the ring 22. When the bolts 28 are slackened the casing can be turned to the most convenient position and the bolts are then tightened. A similar joint can be provided on the other side of the casing for the connection of a pipe to the fan. The ring may be of oval, rectangular, or square section. Profiled shapes (13, Figs. 1 and 2) support the motor and act as guide blades.
Patent GB-426523-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to centrifugal pumps
IPC: F04D29/42
Filed: 1934-05-02
Abstract: 426,523. Centrifugal pumps; stuffing-boxes. WALLWIN, J. M., Saltisford Iron Works, Warwick. May 2, 1934, No. 13237. [Classes 110 (i) and 122 (v)] An impeller is secured to its hollow shaft j by a stem k which passes through the shaft and is screw-threaded to receive at one end an impeller nut h and at the other a tightening nut l. The impeller is adjusted by an axially movable thrust bearing n which lies between adjustable collars o. Stuffing-boxes.-The ordinary gland screwed to the casing may be replaced by a flexible tapered sleeve z with a retaining bead w. Narrow vanes y expand the sleeve when the pump is in operation. The impeller and casing are rubber lined.
Patent GB-292328-A (GB)
Title: An improved system of constructing of tunnels and sewers
IPC: F16L9/22
Filed: 1927-05-18
Abstract: 292,328. Kellett, H. May 18, 1927. Tunnels and sewers are formed by excavating a space corresponding in section to the shape of an assembled ring of lining segments, placing the segments in position, bedded on mortar if desired, forcing the segments outwardly to bed them together and against the earth, and inserting a key. The joints between sections of a ring are slightly rounded, and have interposed sheet or liquid bitumen or mortar; a halved joint is provided between adjacent rings. In commnecing the excavation, a template, corresponding in section to that of a ring of lining, is fixed against the shaft side; short piles are inserted below the arch of the template and a short excavation made for insertion of front and rear supports for the piles. An excavation is then made and trimmed to receive first the invert block 1 and then the side blocks 2; where drainage from a tunnel is to be. provided for, the invert is provided with a depending hollow section as shown. A bar is attached to support the segments 2 and the excavation is completed to receive the arch sections 3, this excavation being gauged by a hinged trammel supported on the sections 2. The sections 3 are then positioned and an expanding strut 4 is placed between the sections, the strut bearing against reinforcements or indented iron inserts in the segments. The strut is then expanded to bed the segments and a key 5 is inserted. An inner lining of bricks may then be inserted. Large tunnels may be formed by boring and lined by first erecting spaced segmental ribs which are expanded and keved as above, and then inserting rings of lining segments between the ribs and expanding and keying the segments. Where a tunnel &c. passes into open cut, the arched top of the lining may be in one piece and is covered with clay.
Patent GB-694916-A (GB)
Title: Cutting flexible material into sections and applying them to a continuous strip
IPC: A61F13/02
Filed: 1951-06-06
Abstract: 694,916. Compound sheet materials. JOHNSON & JOHNSON. June 6, 1951 [June 7, 1950], No. 13434/51. Class 140. An adhesive bandage assembling machine comprises a pair of rollers 12 for advancing an adhesive bandage strip 10 continuously endwise, a pair of rollers 18 for advancing a strip of absorbent material 16 continuously endwise, and a cyclically movable cutter 20 which is provided with a cutting edge 36 for cutting the strip 16 into successive pads 15 and with a suction face 38 for applying the pads successively, as they are cut, on to the adhesive surface of the advancing strip 10. The cutter, which is provided with a clearance recess 39, is supported by a link arm 21 connected by crank pins 22 to a pair of cranks 23 secured to shafts 24 so that it is moved cyclically in a counterclockwise direction, the rollers 12, 18 and the cutter being driven in synchronism from a main shaft 30 by means of gear transmissions 33, 34, 35. The surface 38 of the cutter is provided with ports 41 in communication with one end of a duct 40 the other end of which communicates cyclically, through the movement of the cutter, with a valve 42 communicating with a suction line 45 leading to a source of vacuum. The surface 38 is put into communication with the source of vacuum as the cutter approaches cutting position to cause the pad to adhere thereto as it is cut from the strip 16 and cut off from communication with the vacuum source when the surface 38 reaches pad-applying position to cause the pad to be deposited on to the strip 10.
Patent GB-903429-A (GB)
Title: Phosphonic and thiophosphonic acid amides
IPC: C07F9/44
Filed: 1960-04-14
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the general formula:- <FORM:0903429/IV (b)/1> p  wherein R is a C1-C4 alkyl radical or a cycloalkyl radical, R1 and R2 are C1-C4 alkyl radicals or, together with the N atom, may be linked to form a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring system, X and Y stand for oxygen or sulphur, and A is a mono- or dicyclic aromatic system, preferably phenyl, C1-C4 alkyl substituted phenyl, chlorophenyl, nitro-phenyl, C1-C4 alkylmercapto substituted phenyl or a coumarinyl radical.  They may be obtained by reacting an appropriate alkyl or cycloalkyl phosphonic or thiophosphonic acid amide chloride R.P(X)(Cl)(N.R1R2) with an appropriate phenol, thiophenol, naphthol, thionaphthol, or nuclear condensed phenol or thiophenol (HX. Aryl).  The reaction is preferably effected in the presence of an acid binding agent and an inert solvent e.g. an aliphatic ketone or acetonitrile may be present.  Several examples are given and specified products include the following compounds:-  <FORM:0903429/IV (b)/2> The products have insecticidal properties (see Group VI).ALSO:An insecticidal composition contains as active ingredient, in conjunction with an inert liquid or solid carrier or diluent, a compound of the general formula <FORM:0903429/VI/1> in which R is a C1-C4 alkyl radical or a cycloalkyl radical, R1 and R2 are C1-C4 alkyl radicals or, together with the nitrogen atom, may be linked to form a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring systems, X and Y stand for oxygen or sulphur, and A is a mono- or dicyclic aromatic system, preferably phenyl, C1-C4 alkylphenyl, chlorophenyl, nitrophenyl, C1-C4 alkylmercapto substituted phenyl or a coumarinyl radical (see Group IV (b)). In an example, a compound of the formula <FORM:0903429/VI/2> is mixed with the same amount of dimethyl formamide, an emulsifier consisting of abenzyl hydroxydiphenyl polyglycol ether containing about 10 to 15 glycol ether units is added and the mixture diluted with water. Other active ingredients specified include the following <FORM:0903429/VI/3>
Patent GB-566996-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coke oven structure
IPC: C10B29/00
Filed: 1943-08-18
Abstract: 566,996. Coke ovens. KOPPERS CO. Aug. 18, 1943. No. 13469. Convention date, Oct. 3, 1942. [Class 51 (ii)] In a horizontal regenerative coke oven battery comprising coking chambers 20 alternateing with flued heating walls having regenerators beneath and buckstay members 22 adapted to exert pressure against the ends of the heating walls, a platform 36 forming a support for oven-operating equipment is arranged along the face of the battery out of contact with the buckstay members and is supported by a number of spaced gantry-like members 37 which support the platform independently of the buckstay members. According to a modification, the inner legs 38 of the members 37 are supported on the lower ends of the buckstays or at points therealong nearer such ends than to the oven soles. The oven battery is supported on girders 16, 18 above passageways. The girders 16 extend beyond the face of the battery and have attached to them channel bars 27 which form supports for the lower ends of the buckstays 22 anchored at their lower ends to the mat 17 and connected at their upper ends by tie rods to the buckstays at the opposite side of the battery. Alternate spaces between the main buckstays are provided with intermediate short buckstays 33 suspended from plates 35 and secured to the main buckstays. The inner legs 38 of the gantry-like members 37 are arranged adjacent to the intermediate buckstays and bolted to the projecting ends of the beams 16. The outer legs 39 are bolted to concrete piers 40. The gantry-like members are tied together by longitudinal bars 41, 42 which support transverse bars 43 between which are supported arcuate metallic strips forming the base of concrete or like aggregate 45 wherein rails 46 are embedded. The spaces between the legs 39 of the gantry-like members may be closed by metallic sheets having louvre openings to form an enclosed alleyway beneath the platform 36. In a modification, the mat 17 is in direct contact with the ground and supports the buckstays and inner legs of the gantry-like members. Specification 432,361 is referred to.
Patent GB-1161655-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Machines for Surfacing Lenses, notably Ophthalmic Lenses
IPC: B24B13/02
Filed: 1968-03-20
Abstract: 1,161,655. Grinding. SOC. DES LUNETIERS. 20 March, 1968 [21 March, 1967], No. 13487/68. Heading B3D. A machine for grinding or polishing ophthalmic lenses comprises a pair of eccentrics driven from separate motors for moving a spindle about a fixed universal joint to effect relative movement between a lens to be ground or polished and a tool. In one embodiment, the spindle 7, Fig. 1, is supported at its lower end in the fixed universal joint 25 and at its upper end has a tapered seating 6 for receiving a block 5 cast to a lens 4 to be ground or polished by a tool 8 urged into contact with the lens by an arm 10 moved about a pivot shaft 11 by a pneumatic device 12. The spindle is rotatably mounted in bearings 26, 27 in an eccentric sleeve 20 which, in turn, is mounted in a spherical bearing 21 in an eccentric bore in a pulley 15 supported in bearings 17 in a frame 18 and driven by a belt 14 from a motor 13. A second pulley 30 is mounted on bearings 31 on the pulley 15 and is driven by a belt 29 from a second motor 28, the second pulley having a resilient belt section engaging a segment in the sleeve 20 to impart rotation thereto. The movement of the spindle caused by rotation of the eccentric pulley and sleeve moves a point on the lens in a path pertaining to Lissajous curves. Grinding may be effected using a tool comprising a wire mesh surface to which an emery suspension is applied, while, for polishing, the surface of the tool may be covered with taffeta, the work being sprayed with ceria. A cap 43, baffles 44 and a cap having external shape 39 or 40 are provided for preventing debris entering the bearings. The arm 10 may be formed as a plate 71, Fig. 3, for movement about the axis 73 of the pivot 11, a hole 74 being provided for receiving the spring- mounted hand 75 of the pneumatic device 76. The outer end of the arm rotatably carries a shaft 80 which can be held against rotation by a pneumatic actuator 85. A pin 88 on shaft 80 supports a holder 83 which has a pin 95 for engaging a recess 96 in a tool 94 used for forming a spherical surface and pins 97, 98 for engaging recesses 100, 100 in a tool 99 used for forming toric surfaces. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the spindle 7 is movable about the universal joint 25 by connecting rods 50, 54 driven from eccentrics 53, 56 on motors 49, 60. Motor 60 also drives through eccentric 55 a spindle 48 similar to spindle 7 and also driven by an eccentric from a motor 58. Motor 49 and 58 are interconnected by a toothed belt 59 and drive counterbalance systems 52, 57. An additional circular motion is imparted to the spindles by a motor 62 having an eccentric 63 connected by rods 64, 65 to mounting which are movable about pivots 66, 68 and carry the motors 49, 58, 60.
Patent GB-1308769-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for metering gas flow
IPC: G01F1/26
Filed: 1971-05-06
Abstract: 1308769 Valves COLUMBIA GAS SYSTEM SERVICE CORP 6 May 1971 [7 May 1970] 13553/71 Heading F2V [Also in Division G1] A gas regulating and metering arrangement comprises a pair of substantially identical pressure regulating valves in a series in a gas line, the first providing, from a variable pressure  input, a constant pressure output which is fed to the second which provides a lower output pres-  sure, the position of a movable valve element in the second being indicative of the rate of gas  flow and being measured to a transducer whose  output is integrated and recorded.  Each valve has the form shown in Fig. 2 and comprises an inlet port 60, a movable valve member 66 closing on a seat 64, an outlet port 62 and an intermediate chamber 48 closed by a spring loaded diaphragm 32 linked by a pivoted member to the valve member 66. The other side of the diaphragm is vented to the atmosphere at  45. With an increasing output pressure the diaphragm moves against the spring thereby moving the member 66 to close the valve allow-  ing a smaller flow to maintain the output pressure constant. With constant input and output  pressures the position of the member 66 is indicative of the rate of flow.  The second valve is provided with a transducer device 22 comprising magnets 112 on an armature connected to the valve member 66. The magnets move between the poles of a D.C. supplied electromagnet which has a Hall effect element (not shown) mounted on one pole, so as to vary the magnetic field applied to the element, and hence its output in accordance with the rate of gas flow. The output signal may be measured directed to give rate of flow or may be integrated to give total volume flow over a period of time. A thermistor in the outlet port 62 provides a signal supplied to the integrator to correct automatically for gas temperature variations.
Patent GB-946475-A (GB)
Title: A control valve mechanism for a hydraulic system
IPC: B62D11/08
Filed: 1961-04-14
Abstract: 946,475. Motor vehicles. WEBSTER ELECTRIC CO. April 14, 1961 [May 9, 1960], No. 13603/61. Heading B7H. [Also in Division F2] In a motor vehicle, e.g. an endless track tractor, the clutch and brake e.g. those associated with one track, are operated by a single control member through valving comprising a manually operated valve having an element movable within a valve bore from a neutral position through a first range to cause the valving to deliver fluid under predetermined pressure to the clutch operating means, and then through a second range, wherein the valving continues to deliver fluid at the predetermined pressure to the clutch means, and also delivers fluid to the brake operating means at a pressure varying in accordance with the position of the valve element in the second range. In the Figure, the valve element 23 is movable in a bore 12 in a valve assembly 10, and is shown in its neutral position. Fluid drawn from a reservoir 17 is fed by pump 16 through pipe 15 and bore 21 into an annular chamber 22 communicating with chamber 50, and flows through bore 24 in valve block 25 and pipe 28 to reservoir 17, so that the pump delivery pressure is low. When valve element 23 is moved to the right in its first range of movement to cut off chamber 50 from chamber 22, the pressure in chamber 22 builds up and is communicated through bore 29 and orifice 38 in piston 31 to poppet valve 55. This valve opens after the pressure of the pump delivery has built up enough to operate a clutch disengaging cylinder 19 connected to pipe 15. Upon opening of valve 55 fluid flows through orifice 38 and sets up a pressure difference across piston 31, which moves the piston to the right against spring 33. This uncovers a bore 39, through which fluid flows to an annular chamber 40, and through bore 24 and pipe 28 to the reservoir. Sufficient pressure is maintained in pipe 15 to keep the clutch disengaged. The brake operating cylinder 45 is connected by pipe 44 and bore 41 to chamber 40, which is at exhaust pressure. Movement to the right of valve element 23, however, in its second range of movement, inserts a tapered needle 48 into valve bore 24, and the flow of fluid through the restriction so formed sets up a pressure differential across the restriction, and thus produces a braking pressure which is a function of the extent of insertion of needle 48 into bore 24. On returning valve element 23 to its neutral position, the braking pressure is first relieved as needle 48 leaves bore 24, and the clutch is then engaged as chamber 22 communicates with chamber 50 to drop the pump delivery pressure. Piston 31 also acts as a pressure relief valve, in that if excess pressure builds up in pipe 15, piston 31 is moved to uncover a bore 51 which communicates directly with reservoir pressure through bore 52.