Patent GB-1144074-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicle brakes
IPC: F16D65/22
Filed: 1966-03-01
Abstract: 1,144,074. Hydraulic brake system. SOC. ANON. FRANCAIS DU FERODO. 1 March, 1966 [2 March, 1965]. No. 8937/66. Heading F2F. An hydraulic braking system for an automobile in which each of the two brakes 32, 32<SP>1</SP> of one axle has a double fluid-supply circuit and comprises a wheel cylinder 31 having a primary chamber 31, a primary piston 36, a secondary chamber 38 and a secondary piston 40, the pistons being associated with braking members 41, a master cylinder 10 supplying the said primary chambers, the secondary chambers being connected to a secondary circuit 58 which communicates on the one hand with a transfer chamber 21 of the master cylinder and on the other with the wheel cylinders 44, 44<SP>1</SP> of two brakes on a second axle, has means for reducing the demand for fluid when the brakes are applied during reverse running of the vehicle. When the brake pedal 15 is actuated during forward movement (arrow F) fluid is supplied to primary chamber 31 to actuate piston 36, the frictional drag on the shoes moving piste n 40 to decrease the volume of chamber 38, the increased pressure therein being transmitted by lines 58, 59 to the rear brake wheel cylinders 44, 44<SP>1</SP>. In one embodiment (Fig. 2), of the wheel cylinders 32, 32<SP>1</SP>, the secondary piston 40 has abutment means comprising a nut 54 on a tail of the piston which prevents the latter moving rightwards, thus preventing the volume of chamber 38, and hence the demand for fluid, increasing when the brakes are applied during reverse movement of the vehicle. In two other embodiments (Figs. 4 and 5, not shown), abutments between the outer end of the piston 40 and its cylinder serve the same purpose. In the second of these other embodiments the pressure in chamber 38 is also arranged to act on a tail of the primary piston. In the embodiment of Fig. 6, the piston 40 is free to move in the reverse running direction, a separation ring 83 with a fluid-tight joint 87 is provided to limit the volume of chamber 38 during braking in the course of reverse running. In a final embodiment, Figs. 7 and 8, the transfer chamber 21 is connected to an extension chamber 88 connected by conduit 92 to the secondary chambers 38 and 38<SP>1</SP> by a passage controlled by a valve 93 tiltable by a collar 94 on a plunger 89. The latter is subjected on one side to the pressure in chamber 88 and on the other to that in the master cylinder chamber 20. A further plunger 90 is subjected to the pressures in chamber 88 and master cylinder chamber 22.  At rest and during braking in the forward running direction the plunger 89 is in a position where the valve 93 is open. During braking in  the reverse running direction the pressure in  chamber 88 is lower than that in chamber 20 and the plunger moves rightwards to permit valve 93 to close and cut off fluid communication with secondary chambers 38, 38<SP>1</SP>. A pressure intensifier 60 is provided which allows communication between chamber 21 and lines 58, 59 until the pressure in line 57 reaches a predetermined value, when a valve in the intensifier closes to cut off line 57 from line 58 and establish an intensifier action.