Patent GB-378383-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of wetting, cleansing, dispersing andthe like agents
IPC: D06M13/405
Filed: 1931-05-01
Abstract: Sulphonated amides, which are stated to be dispersing agents are prepared by condensing aliphatic polyamino compounds containing more than two nitrogen atoms and at least one free hydrogen atom attached to a nitrogen atom but containing no alkylol groups, with organic carboxylic acids containing at least six carbon atoms and at least one double bond and/or hydroxy group and/or an aromatic nucleus, or sulphonic acids or sulphocarboxylic acids containing at least six carbon atoms, and sulphonating the resulting acid amides if they contain an insufficient number of sulphonic, sulphamide or sulphuric ester groups.  Dehydrating condensing agents, e.g. zinc chloride may be employed, and if the products still contain a free hydrogen atom attached to a nitrogen atom, it may be replaced by an alkyl or oxyalkyl group by treatment with alkylating agents, e.g. dimethylsulphate, glycolchlorhydrin or an alkyleneoxide.  The products may be used in association with other wetting agents, e.g. soapy substances such as saponines, cholates and synthetic wetting agents, protective colloids, e.g. glues, gums, gelatine or cellulose waste liquor, or organic solvents.  Dispersions, e.g. of organic solvents, obtained by means of the products, and the products themselves may be used in the textile, leather, lacquer and varnish industries.  In examples: (1) diethylenetriamine is condensed with oleic acid and the resulting basic amide treated with sulphuric acid; (2) triethylenetetramine (1 mol.) is condensed with oleic acid (1 mol.) and stearic acid (2 mols.), and the product sulphonated in ethylether with chlorsulphonic acid; a similar product, which may be used in a fulling and cleansing bath, with or without an addition or organic solvents or soap is obtained by sulphonating an amide obtained by heating olive oil with diethylenetriamine; (3) diethylenetriamine is condensed with hydroxystearic chloride and sulphonated in ethylenechloride with chlorsulphonic acid; alkyl radicles may be introduced, e.g. by means of dimethylsulphate or ethyleneoxide; (4) triethylenetetramine is condensed with butylnaphthalenesulphonic acid, and alkylated if desired; (5) triethylenetetramine is condensed with oleic chloride and sulphonated with sulphuric acid; (6) diethylenetriamine is condensed with phthalic acid and then sulphonated.  Ricinoleic acid, naphthenic acids and hexamlthylene tetramine are also mentioned as starting materials.  Specification 318,542, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], is referred to.ALSO:Sulphonated amides, which are stated to be wetting, cleansing, and dispersing agents, are prepared by condensing aliphatic polyamino compounds containing more than two nitrogen atoms and at least one free hydrogen atom attached to a nitrogen atom but containing no alkylol groups, with organic carboxylic acids containing at least six carbon atoms and at least one double bond and/or hydroxy group and/or an aromatic nucleus or sulphonic acids or sulphocarboxylic acids containing at least six carbon atoms, and sulphonating the resulting acid amides if they contain an insufficient number of sulphonic, sulphamide or sulphuric ester groups.  Dehydrating condensing agents e.g. zinc chloride may be employed, and if the products still contain a free hydrogen atom attached to a nitrogen atom, it may be replaced by an alkyl or oxyalkyl group by treatment with alkylating agents, e.g. dimethylsulphate, glycolchlorhydrin or an alkyleneoxide.  For the sulphonation, the usual sulphonating agents may be used, with or without diluents such as ethylene chloride, carbontetrachloride, and ethylether.  The products may be used in association with other wetting agents, e.g. soapy substances such as saponines, cholates, and synthetic wetting agents, protective colloids, e.g. glues, gums, gelatine, or cellulose waste liquor, or organic solvents. Dispersions, e.g. of organic solvents, obtained by means of the products, and the products themselves may be used in the textile, leather, lacquer, and varnish industries, e.g. in bleaching, dressing, sizing, finishing, and dyeing baths.  In examples: (1) diethylenetriamine is condensed with oleic acid and the resulting basic amide treated with sulphuric acid; (2) triethylenetetramine (1 mol.) is condensed with oleic acid (1 mol.) and stearic acid (2 mols.), and the product sulphonated in ethylether with chlorsulphonic acid; a similar product, which may be used in a fulling and cleansing bath, with or without an addition of organic solvents or soap is obtained by sulphonating an amide obtained by heating olive oil with diethylenetriamine; (3) diethylenetriamine is condensed with hydroxystearic chloride (obtained by heating hydroxysteariclactone in benzene with thionylchloride, removing the solvent and decomposing the product with aqueous alcohol), and sulphonated in ethylenechloride with chlorsulphonic acid; alkyl radicales may be introduced, e.g. by means of dimethylsulphate or ethyleneoxide; (4) triethylenetetramine is condensed with butylnaphthalenesulphonic acid, and alkylated if desired; the product may be added to spinning baths in the manufacture of artificial silk; (5) triethylenetetramine is condensed with oleic chloride and sulphonated with sulphuric acid; (6) diethylenetriamine is condensed with phthalic acid and then sulphonated; the product may be used in an acid dyebath.  Ricinoleic acid, naphthenic acids, and hexamethylene tetramine are also mentioned as starting materials.  Specification 318,542, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], is referred to.