baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20030003146-A (KR)
Inventor: SON YOUNG SUK
IPC: G01N27/00
Filed: 2002-10-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: A portable device is provided to protect people from poisonous material by allowing users to measure or sense poisonous component in the food. CONSTITUTION: A portable device(1) comprises a digital contaminant sensor(2) for measuring or sensing poisonous material or contaminant in the food; a liquid crystal display(3) arranged at the surface of a case of the portable device, which displays the result of measurement in characters and numerical representations; a battery box(4); an IC circuit(5) embedded with an artificial intelligence computer chip and processor; and a lock unit(6).
Patent KR-20040038361-A (KR)
Title: A searching method of sms for mobile phone
Inventor: MAENG GI HUN
IPC: H04W4/14
Filed: 2002-10-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for retrieving a text message of a portable terminal is provided to record plural text messages in a portable terminal, and to perform a word search process using numbers, characters, and symbols when retrieving specific contents, thereby quickly finding out the whole text of a text message. CONSTITUTION: A system displays many additional service lists of a portable terminal, and continuously decides whether a text message search list is selected(S100-S120). If so, the system displays the text message list with corresponding some characters, and decides whether to retrieve words(S130,S140). If so, the system displays a list corresponding to the inputted words on a display(S150,S160). If the system selects the displayed list, displays the whole text of a corresponding message on the display, and continuously retrieves other message, the system feeds back to the steps 'S100-S120', and if the system does not retrieve the other message, the system completes the procedure(S170-S190).
Patent KR-20040040608-A (KR)
Title: Steering shaft provided with lock sleeve
Inventor: LEE IN U
IPC: B62D1/16
Filed: 2002-11-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: A steering shaft with locking grooves is provided to improve the productivity and efficiency by integrally forming locking grooves on the upper sides of the steering shaft. CONSTITUTION: The diameter of the upper part of a steering shaft(100) is large. Locking grooves(110) with predetermined depth and width are integrally formed on both sides of the periphery of the steering shaft in a slot shape. Thus, a locking bar is directly inserted into a portion of the steering shaft and the length of the manufacturing process is reduced.
Patent KR-20020089297-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM YONG IL
IPC: G09F19/18
Filed: 2002-11-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A night advertising method using a slide projector is provided to maximize an effect of advertisement and an efficiency of space by successively showing a plurality of images by using only one screen attached to an advertisement structure. CONSTITUTION: In the night advertising method, a slide projector containing a plurality of films is installed within an advertisement structure to project various advertisement contents to a screen attached to the advertisement structure in order to allow customers to see the advertisement contents projected on the screen from the outside of the advertisement structure.
Patent KR-20030041094-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus for scan testing printed circuit boards
Inventor: SWART MARK A
IPC: G01R31/02
Filed: 2002-11-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus for scan testing a printed circuit board is provided to scan test sites on a printed circuit board to discern continuities and isolations, and to eliminate test sites from complete test program when confirmed correct. CONSTITUTION: A scan test apparatus(100) comprises an upper housing(104) and a lower housing(106), each having a first drive roller and a second drive roller for movement of the printed circuit board with respect to the scan test apparatus, a shorting matrix(112,118) for electrically shorting the printed circuit board positioned on at least one of the upper housing or the lower housing, the shorting matrix having a leading edge and a trailing edge, and an electrical contactor(108,110,114,116) positioned on at least one of the upper housing or the lower housing adjacent the leading edge of the shorting matrix and adjacent the trailing edge of the shorting matrix, wherein the electrical contactors transmit test signals from the printed circuit board to measurement electronics.
Patent KR-20030041801-A (KR)
Inventor: SCHAFHEUTLE MARKUS A
IPC: C08G18/42
Filed: 2002-11-19
Abstract: PURPOSE: A coating composition, its preparation method and its use as a surfacer for finishing an automobile are provided, to improve the stone-chip resistance of an aqueous binder for a surfacer. CONSTITUTION: The coating composition comprises a condensation product (A) of a carboxyl group-containing resin (A1) and a hydroxyl group-containing resin (A2); a water-soluble or water-dispersive high molecular mass polyurethane (B) having a number average molecular weight (Mn) (measured by gel permeation chromatography and calibrated by a polystyrene standard material) of 10 kg/mol or more and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 20 kg/mol or more; and a curing agent (C) which becomes active only at an elevated temperature of at least 80 deg.C.
Patent KR-20040047378-A (KR)
Title: Service model and it's hardware configuration which makes digital files by combining both the sound from the jukebox and the images from the camera, and send the files using internet
Inventor: GO BOO RAE
IPC: G06F17/00
Filed: 2002-11-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method and a device for transmitting a file generated by synthesizing the audio of the Karaoke and the video of a camera through the Internet are provided to automatically generate the file synthesizing accompaniment, a song, and dance by connecting the camera and the Karaoke or a DDR(Dance Dance Revolution) device to a local system, and make a server store/transmit the generated file. CONSTITUTION: A local system(110) is connected to the camera(111) and the Karaoke or the DDR device(112). Each local system is connected to the server(130) through the LAN(Local Area Network). The server is connected to a person(141) or a CP(Contents Provider)(142) on the Internet by connecting to the Internet network(140). The local system repeats a process for generating a digital file by automatically synthesizing the audio and the video without the device operation. The server stores the digital file in a CD(Compact Disc) or a DVD(Digital Versatile Disc), or transmits the digital file to the person or the CP through the Internet.
Patent KR-20030048356-A (KR)
Title: Filter body and production method thereof and fluid filter
Inventor: OOHASHI YOSHIHIRO
IPC: F01M11/03
Filed: 2002-12-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a filter body in which the time required for the manufacture of the filter body is shortened and the number of parts in a fluid filter is reduced and the assembling time of the filter body is shortened, and to provide a method for manufacturing the filter body, and a fluid filter. CONSTITUTION: The filter body comprises a filter body 5 having a cylindrical rosette element 9 in which the inner face of a pleat 90 is joined with an adhesive near the upper end part and the lower end part 92, a casing 4 housing the filter body 5, a relief valve 10 and a chuck valve 14 supporting the filter body, and seals 15, 16 made of a photosetting resin to seal the spaces between the upper face and the lower face of the rosette element 9 and the relief valve 10 and the chuck valve 14. The filer is manufactured by applying the photosetting resin on the upper face and lower face of the rosette-type folded body, attaching transparent molds to the upper face and the lower face of the element 9, and hardening the photosetting resin with light to produce the seals 15, 16.
Patent KR-20040053450-A (KR)
Title: The method for forming shallow trench isolation in semiconductor device
Inventor: YOON IL YEONG
IPC: H01L21/762
Filed: 2002-12-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for forming an STI(Shallow Trench Isolation) layer of a semiconductor device is provided to prevent the dishing of a trench region by depositing a nitride layer on a gap-fill oxide layer. CONSTITUTION: The first oxide and nitride layer(102,104) are sequentially deposited on a semiconductor substrate(100). A trench(106) is formed in the substrate by carrying out an etching process. The second oxide layer(108) is formed on the resultant structure for completely filling the trench. The second nitride layer(110) is deposited on the second oxide layer. A reverse etching process is carried out on the resultant structure. A CMP(Chemical Mechanical Polishing) process is then carried out on the resultant structure. The first and second nitride layer are removed from the resultant structure by carrying out a wet etching process.
Patent KR-20040053982-A (KR)
Title: Passenger Seat Belt Warning System and Warning Method for the Same
Inventor: KWON MUN SUN
IPC: B60R22/48
Filed: 2002-12-16
Abstract: PURPOSE: A safety belt warning system and method for a passenger is provided to improve safety by automatically detecting whether passengers wear a safety belt and operating a warning lamp. CONSTITUTION: A safety belt warning system is composed of a plurality of sensors(S1,S2,S3) mounted at seats except a driver seat and detecting the riding of passengers, buckle switches(B1,B2,B3) mounted to a buckle in a safety belt and switching on/off according to the wearing of the safety belt, a control unit(10), and a warning unit(20). The control unit generates a warning signal according to the on/off of the buckle switch. The warning unit receives the warning signal from the control unit, and operates a warning lamp.
Patent KR-20040056048-A (KR)
Inventor: SEO GYEONG SEOP
IPC: B23D33/02
Filed: 2002-12-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A steel plate supplying device for a shearing machine is provided to improve working efficiency and safety by automatically supplying steel plates to the shearing machine. CONSTITUTION: A steel plate supplying device for a shearing machine is composed of a loading rest disposed at one side of a frame, a pair of guide rests(8) installed at the other side of the frame, a setting stopper assembly(10) installed at the front of the guide rests, a side stopper installed at the outside of one guide rest, a back pusher assembly(14) movably installed at a vertical frame, a side pusher assembly movably installed at the outside of the other guide rest, a work feeding assembly(22) movably installed between the guide rests and having clamping assemblies, and a transfer head assembly(24) installed at the frame. The transfer head assembly is reciprocated between the loading rest and the guide rests, and has a suction unit.
Patent KR-20040056793-A (KR)
Title: A hydrophilic composition of organic type using hydrophilic handling the surface aluminium and it's manufacturing method
Inventor: KIM CHANG GYEONG
IPC: C09D133/06
Filed: 2002-12-24
Abstract: PURPOSE: An organic-type hydrophilic agent composition for the hydrophilic treatment of aluminium or its alloy surface, its preparation method and a hydrophilic paint composition containing the composition are provided, to improve coating hardness, smear fastness, processability, workability and interlayer adhesion with an anti-corrosive agent. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of adding 100 parts by weight of a copolymer composition which comprises 1.0-20 parts by weight of a basic acryl-based compound represented by CH2=CR1-N-R2, 1.0-5.0 parts by weight of an acryl-based compound represented by CH2=CR1-COO(CH2CH2O)n-R3, 1.0-20 parts by weight of an acidic acryl-based compound represented by CH2=CR1COOR2, 1.0-15 parts by weight of a radical copolymeric basic acryl-based compound represented by CH2=CHCONHR2-R4-R5, 1.5-30.0 parts by weight of a reactive emulsifier represented by the formula 5, 0.5-5.0 parts by weight of a compound represented by CH2=CR1COOR2OH, and 0.02-0.05 parts by weight of a compound represented by CH2=CR1COO(CH2CH2O)nOCR1C=CH2 or CH2=CR1COOR3OOCR1=CH2, to 100-500 parts by weight of a solvent where 0.01-2.0 parts by weight of a water-soluble initiator is dissolved completely; and emulsion polymerizing the mixture at 30-95 deg.C until a solid part is to be 20-50 wt%, wherein R1 is H or CH3; R2 is H, a monosubstituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon group or a basic aryl group; R3 is CH3 or a group capable of being substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or a nonylphenol, octylphenol or phenol; R4 is OH; R5 is H or CH3 containing a carboxylic group or an acid group; and n is an integer of 1-80.
Patent KR-20040057604-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM SEONG JUN
IPC: H01L21/52
Filed: 2002-12-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for attaching a semiconductor die is provided to simplify manufacturing process and to minimize impact of chips without using foil mount processing and chip eject processing. CONSTITUTION: A wafer is loaded on a vacuum block in a stencil. The vacuum block moves to contact the stencil and an adhesive agent prints on the wafer. The wafer is unloaded. The wafer is hardened and loaded on a sawing apparatus. The wafer cuts to a unit chip(13a). The unit chip moves to chip tray and mounts on a mounting stage. The chip compresses on a board(29). The board loads to a magazine(33). Two-step post curing are performed to entirely cure the adhesive agent.
Patent KR-20040059280-A (KR)
Title: Method For Manufacturing Semiconductor Devices
Inventor: KANG SEONG WON
IPC: H01L21/76
Filed: 2002-12-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided to prevent divot in a trench by growing a thermal oxide layer on a sacrificial layer when growing the thermal oxide layer on an etched surface of the trench. CONSTITUTION: A sacrificial layer(31) and a hard mask layer are sequentially formed on a semiconductor substrate(30). The substrate is partially exposed by forming the first opening portion through the hard mask layer and the sacrificial layer. A trench(35) is formed under the first opening portion by etching the exposed substrate using the hard mask layer as an etching mask. The sacrificial layer is partially exposed by forming the second opening portion on the first opening portion. A thermal oxide layer(37) is formed on the etched surface of the trench and is formed on the exposed sacrificial layer. An oxide layer(39) as an isolation layer is entirely filled in the trench.
Patent KR-20040060337-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE BYEONG HO
IPC: H01J11/24
Filed: 2002-12-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A plasma display panel is provided to achieve improved uniformity of luminance of the panel by reducing the luminance difference between the center and edge of the panel. CONSTITUTION: A plasma display panel comprises a pair of transparent electrodes(112Y,112Z) for bringing about a sustain discharge; and metal bus electrodes(113Y,113Z) formed on the transparent electrodes, respectively, and which have different widths. Each of the metal bus electrodes has a first side having a relatively larger width; and a second side arranged in the portion opposite from the first side, wherein the second side has a width relatively smaller than the width of the first side.
Patent KR-20020062320-A (KR)
IPC: G01S7/34
Filed: 2001-10-12
Abstract: 1 안테나 시분할 제어 방식의 FM-CW 레이다에 있어서, 송신계 및 수신계의 신호 경로에 각각 증폭기를 설치하고, 송신과 수신의 타이밍에 맞춰서 송신계에 설치된 증폭기 및 수신계에 설치된 증폭기를 교대로 동작시켜, 송수신의 전환을 행한다.  증폭기의 동작은 이득을 제어함으로써 행한다.  이러한 구성으로 함으로써, 송수신간의 분리를 향상시켜, 송신 전력이 송수신 전환부를 통해서 수신계에 누설하지 않도록 한다.
Patent KR-20020081299-A (KR)
IPC: A61B17/32
Filed: 2001-02-02
Abstract: An ultrasonic frequency surgical dissecting device including a handpiece with a surgical blade that vibrates in a direction transverse to a long axis passing through the handpiece and blade for improved cutting and coagulation.
Patent KR-20030001434-A (KR)
IPC: B60R21/2165
Filed: 2001-04-18
Abstract: 트림 패널(514)에 형성된 에어백 전개 도어(512)를 포함하는 차량용 팽창식 방호 장치. 에어백 전개 도어(512)의 외측면은 5in 2 내지 35in 2 (32.3cm 2 내지 225.8cm 2 ) 사이의 범위에 있는 외측 표면적을 가지며, 주변의 적어도 일부는 연약한 경계 가장자리를 갖는다.  상기 연약한 경계 가장자리는 연약한 길이부를 갖는바, 그 길이부의 적어도 20%가 비선형이다.  상기 장치는 트림 패널 하방에 배치되며, 에어백(522)을 수용하는 에어백 디스펜서(518)를 포함하며, 상기 에어백은 적어도 90 리터의 체적을 갖는다.  에어백 디스펜서는 에어백(522)을 수납하는 에어백 리셉터클과 팽창기(544)를 수용하는 팽창기 리셉터클을 구비한다.
Patent KR-20030028480-A (KR)
IPC: A23L33/16
Filed: 2001-06-05
Abstract: 본 발명은 철염이 갖는 생물활성효과를 안정화시켜, 의약, 동식물 발육촉진제 등에 유용한 생물활성제를 제공하는 것을 과제로 하고, 철염에 적당량 내지는 과잉량의 마그네슘염을 안정화제로서 첨가한다.
Patent KR-20030019432-A (KR)
IPC: H01L27/06
Filed: 2001-06-15
Abstract: 멀티-핑거 정전기 방전(ESD) 보호 회로는 입력 핑거를 형성하는 적어도 두 개의 제 1 저항성 채널(RS1,RS2)을 가진다.  적어도 두 개의 전계 효과 트랜지스터(908,906)는 각각이 드레인과 소스를 가지며 적어도 두 개의 입력 핑거중 관련된 핑거와 접속되어 있다.  적어도 두 개의 FET중 적어도 하나의 게이트 단자는 ESD 디바이스의 턴온 전위를 감소시키기 위해 드레인 전극에 인가된 ESD 전위에 의해 바이어싱되도록 구성되어 있다.  적어도 두 개의 제 2 저항성 채널은 적어도 두 개의 FET의 소스 단자중 관련된 하나와 회로 리턴 경로 사이에 접속되어 있다.
Patent KR-20030014278-A (KR)
IPC: H05B41/288
Filed: 2001-06-26
Abstract: 캐비넷에는 방전램프(13)와, 고전압을 방전램프(13)에 인가하여 이것을 점등 개시시키는 점화장치부(7)와, 점화장치부(7)와 전기적으로 접속되어 방전전압을 방전램프(13)에 인가하여 방전램프(13)의 점등을 유지하는 점등장치부(8A)와, 입력신호에 응답한 화상신호를 출력하는 신호처리부(9)와, 신호처리부(9)로부터의 화상신호에 따라서 방전램프(13)의 광을 이용하여 투영되는 화상을 생성하는 화상표시부와, 각 부에 전원을 공급하는 전원장치부(6)가 수납된다.  점화장치부(7)의 적어도 고전압 발생부는 점등장치부(8A)로부터 배치구성상 분리되고, 그리고 신호처리부(9)로부터는 멀어지고, 방전램프(13)에는 가까워지는 위치에 배치되어 신호처리부의 오동작을 억제한다.
Patent KR-20040062776-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE YEONG GIL
IPC: A23B7/10
Filed: 2003-01-03
Abstract: PURPOSE: A heat radiating structure of a machine room of a kimchi storehouse having a plurality of vent holes for opening and closing the opened rear of the machine room at a handle part to allow a smooth air flow to be achieved is provided. It improves cooling efficiency of a compressor and a condenser. CONSTITUTION: The kimchi storehouse having improved heat radiating structure has a body containing a storage chamber and a machine room(11). The machine room contains a compressor(15) for compressing refrigerant, a condenser(16) for condensing the compressed refrigerant and a cooling fan(17) for cooling heat generated from the compressor and condenser. A handle part(14) is formed on both side faces of the machine room. A plurality of vent holes(21) are formed at the handle part to allow the entrance and exit of air to the machine room to be achieved.
Patent KR-20030065322-A (KR)
IPC: B26B19/06
Filed: 2003-01-10
Abstract: An electric hair cutting device includes a stationary comb-type blade (51) and an oscillating comb-type blade (52) that is driven with a reciprocating movement against the stationary blade. A magnetically-driven oscillation generator (6) is connected to the oscillating blade to impart a reciprocating movement to the blade through a structure (22) that eliminates the need for drive power conversion components. <IMAGE>
Patent KR-20040064487-A (KR)
Inventor: HWANG BO SU
IPC: E04F15/18
Filed: 2003-01-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: A floor panel is provided to maximizes the thermal conductivity of a PVC(Polyvinyl Chloride) floor panel by containing metal powder having the high thermal conductivity. CONSTITUTION: More than one thermal conductive fillers are contained in a floor panel. The thermal conductive filler has more than one resin layers to be selected among a group by an aluminum hydroxide, a silicon carbide, a ferrite and a copper. The content of the thermal conductive filler is 0.1¯50wt% for 100wt% of a base resin. Thereby, the thermal conductivity of the floor panel is maximized. Therefore, the heating effect is shown quickly and maintained for a long time after finishing a heating.
Patent KR-20040064507-A (KR)
Inventor: CUI XIANG SHUN
IPC: C12N5/073
Filed: 2003-01-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: An in-vitro culture method of pig embryos is provided, thereby resolving problems, such as abnormal growth of embryos caused by using the protein additive such as serum. and improving the growth rate of embryos. CONSTITUTION: The in-vitro culture method of pig embryos comprises the steps of: adding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF) of mouse into a basic medium(NCSU23) without serum and albumin, and culturing initial embryos into blastocyte before implantation, wherein the embryos are pig embryos or pig cloned embryos.
Patent KR-20040064516-A (KR)
Inventor: JANG JEONG U
IPC: A23G3/00
Filed: 2003-01-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: Ginkgo nut added functional traditional Korean biscuits and confectionaries (Hankwa) and a preparation method thereof are provided, thereby expressing the healthful effect of ginkgo nuts in the functional traditional Korean biscuits and confectionaries (Hankwa) that activates blood circulation, so that various diseases such as bronchial asthma can be prevented. CONSTITUTION: The method for preparing the ginkgo nut added functional traditional Korean biscuits and confectionaries (Hankwa) comprises the steps of: removing external skin and internal skin from the ginkgo nuts; pulverizing the skin removed ginkgo nuts; filtering the pulverized ginkgo nuts to prepare liquid ginkgo nut juice; pulverizing the glutinous rice to 200 meshes; adding 1 to 30% of liquid ginkgo nut juice into the pulverized glutinous rice and mixing them; kneading the mixture and maturing the dough at 60 deg. C for 2 days; spreading the matured dough to have thickness of 5mm and drying it in the shade for 6 to 7 days; cutting the dried dough in a certain size; and pressurizing the pieces of the dried dough under vacuum at 100 deg. C and 55 to 65 psi for 2 to 3 minutes.
Patent KR-20030061679-A (KR)
Title: 가스 터빈용 내측 압축기 방출 케이스
IPC: F04D29/08
Filed: 2003-01-14
Abstract: 터빈용 압축기의 내측 배럴(22)의 상부 및 하부 반부(28, 30)는 금속간의 표면 접촉부와 수평 중앙 결합부를 따라 서로 볼트 체결된다.  길다란 홈(36)은 배럴 반부중 하나의 마진(34)에 제공된다.  길다란 합성 관형 직조 시일(36)은 홈에 제공되고, 시일은 홈의 깊이를 초과하는 직경을 갖는다.  시일은 환형 실리카 섬유 층(44)에 의해 둘러싸이고, 그 후 편조 스테인리스 강(48)의 외부 보호 커버링을 갖는 금속 포일(46)에 의해 둘러싸인 내부 직조 금속 코어(42)를 포함한다.  상부 및 하부 반부를 결합시킬 때, 유연한 시일은 터빈 작동 동안에 압축기 케이싱의 뒤틀림의 경우 배럴 반부사이의 시일을 유지하는 홈내에 압입된다.
Patent KR-20040065940-A (KR)
Title: Fixed rubber nose for cane
Inventor: LEE MYONG HO
IPC: A45B3/00
Filed: 2003-01-16
Abstract: PURPOSE: A fixed rubber nose for a cane is provided to make a cane with a structure and functions proper to the sense of the times of the 21th century. CONSTITUTION: The fixed rubber nose for a cane comprises: a fixed nose bar. The fixed nose bar includes an attached nose bar and an assembled nose bar. The fixed nose bar consists of fixed protrusions(1,2) and fixed core bars(3,4). The fixed rubber nose is completely different from the noses for conventional canes from the functional aspect.
Patent KR-20040071519-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE GYEONG EUN
IPC: G02F1/13
Filed: 2003-02-06
Abstract: PURPOSE: An LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) is provided to form an alignment mark recognizable by an edge grinding apparatus or a polarizer attachment apparatus. CONSTITUTION: An LCD(400) includes a light-shielding layer(120), the first substrate(100), the second substrate(200), and a liquid crystal layer. The light-shielding layer covers the edge of the first liquid crystal display area(115) formed on the first transparent substrate. The first substrate includes the first alignment mark(130) formed by removing a portion of the light-shielding layer. The second substrate includes the second liquid crystal display area formed on the second transparent substrate(220), which is opposite to the first liquid crystal display area. The liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first and second substrates.
Patent KR-20040073040-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK IK SEONG
IPC: H01L33/62
Filed: 2003-02-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: A semiconductor device package and a fabricating method thereof are provided to simplify a fabrication process by forming a transparent electrode on a chip. CONSTITUTION: A semiconductor chip(13) is mounted on a printed circuit board(11). A plurality of external electrodes(17,18) are formed on the printed circuit board. A transparent electrode(15) is formed on the surface of the printed circuit board and is connected to the external electrodes in order to supply the power to the semiconductor chip. A molding resin(16) is formed on an upper part of the transparent electrode.