baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1079634-A (GB)
Title: Localized anodization of semiconductors
IPC: H01L21/316
Filed: 1965-04-13
Abstract: A method of preparing a semi-conductor wafer consisting at least in part of N-type or intrinsic conductivity material comprises bringing a wafer surface to be oxidized into contact with an electrolyte capable of supplying oxygen to the surface, subjecting a portion of the wafer to controlled illumination while shielding the remainder from uncontrolled illumination, and passing D.C. through the electrolyte and illuminated wafer so that an oxide film is formed anodically on that wafer surface which is both in contact with the electrolyte and subject to illumination-induced minority carrier generation.  Suitable oxidizing electrolytes are oxygen-releasing mineral acids, alkali borates, alkali metal ammonium, alkali metal or ammonium nitrite or ammonium persulphate in aqueous or organic solvent solution, e.g. tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, N:N-dimethylpropionamide, glycerine. The controlled illumination may be in the form of spot, grid pattern, or one or more lines, e.g. formed by optical projection, and if the light travels through a thin layer of electrolyte (front surface illumination) blue or white light may be employed.  In such arrangements, the wafer e.g. of N-type silicon may be only just submerged below the surface of the electrolyte bath or may have a stream of electrolyte flowed over it Figs. 2, 3 (not shown), a negative counter electrode dipping into the electrolyte and an ohmic contact being made to the back of the wafer, e.g. via vapour deposited aluminium or zinc. Alternatively the wafer may be placed over an aperture in an electrolyte tank wall and illuminated through the aperture (rear surface illumination) with infrared or white light Fig.1 (not shown).  In another modification avoiding the use of an ohmic contact to the wafer, the wafer divides the cell into two compartments each provided with a platinum electrode and a light source to shine through the cell wall on to the wafer, the electrolyzing voltage being applied across the two electrodes.  By employing pyrophosphoric acid in tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol in one compartment and concentrated nitric acid in the other and making first one platinum electrode and then the other cathodic, a phosporous-doped oxide layer may be formed on one face and an undoped oxide layer formed on the other.  A doped oxide layer may be subjected to a further anodizing step to prevent loss of doping impurity when the wafer is heated to effect diffusion.  Reference is made to the use of sodium and mercury lamps and of colour filters for the controlled illumination.
Patent GB-1330615-A (GB)
Title: Regenerative air preheater
IPC: F28D17/02
Filed: 1972-04-05
Abstract: 1330615 Thermal regenerators H BRANDT A KRITZLER [trading as APPARATEBAU ROTHEMUEHLE BRANDT & KRITZLER] 5 April 1972 [6 April 1971] 15775/72 Heading F4K In a rotary duct-stationary matrix type regenerative air preheater, the cylindrical heat exchange matrix 1 includes a rotatable portion adjacent its lower cold end, the rotatable portion comprising a carrier 7 containing a plurality of sector shaped heat exchange units 31, 32, 33. The stationary part of the matrix is subdivided by fixed partitions 2, 5 and 6 into segment shaped compartments each containing an assembly of heat exchange elements 36, 37, 38. Rotation of the carrier 7 makes each radial set of units 31, 32, 33 selectively replaceable through a normally closed aperture 40 in the outer wall 4 of the matrix. Heating gas enters and leaves the regenerative matrix by way of fixed ducts 41, 43, whereas air to be heated flows in the opposite direction entering and leaving by way of rotatable hoods 44, 45, the hoods being driven through gearing 47, 48. In normal use the partition walls 2a of the carrier 7 are kept in axial alignment with the radial partition walls 2 of the stationary part by means of releasable locating elements 50 which lock the carrier 7 against rotation in selected positions. Replaceable elastic sealing elements 25 on the partition walls 2a abut against U-shaped wear shoes 26 attached to the lower edges of the stationary partition walls 2. Sector shaped isolating plates (52, 53, Figs. 7- 9) may be inserted above and below the carrier 7 in order that undisturbed operation of the air preheater be maintained during installation or removal of the cold end heat exchange assemblies 31, 32, 33 through the aperture 40. The carrier 7 can be detachably coupled for rotation to the cold end air hood 44 through links 55.
Patent GB-361880-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of moulded coagulate masses from latex and latex mixtures
IPC: C08C1/14
Filed: 1930-05-22
Abstract: Moulded articles are produced from natural or artificial latex by adding thereto substances which by mere addition have no coagulating or thickening effect, but which, on a change of physical conditions, such as a rise of temperature, produce coagulation, and subjecting the latex to that change.  Suitable substances for addition are salts sparingly soluble at room temperature such as magnesium salts of organic sulphonic or carboxylic acids; soluble salts of weak bases and strong acids which hydrolyse on heating, such as quinoline sulphate and ammonium benzene sulphonate; coagulating fillers protected by an adsorbed layer of an inert substance, such as magnesium oxide coated with phenolresinosulphonic acid, or phosphoric acid; salts which on heating decompose and generate coagulating ions, such as zinc amine salts, complex nickel and cobalt amine salts; esters and ferments capable of hydrolysing the esters.
Patent GB-200665-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machine for cutting bias strips
IPC: D06H7/12
Filed: 1922-06-07
Abstract: 200,665. Prior, W., and Prior, W. June 7, 1922. Cutting cylinders transversely.-A machine for cutting a sleeve of fabric into bias strip has a flat mandrel, one edge of which is adjustable to keep the fabric flat and taut. The tubular fabric is carried on a spool 28, revolably held in a bracket 27 rotated through a slip clutch 29, 30 from a shaft 21 driven by an electro-motor 26, and is fed over a flat mandrel 13, with an angular part 14 and an adjustable spring-pressed edge 45, to be cut by a disc 32 revolved by an electro-motor 33. The cut strip is delivered on to a spool 39 rotated through gearing from the motor 26 through a speed gear comprising discs 41, 40 the former of which is radially adjusted by a roll 44 contacting with the surface of the wound strip so as to decrease the speed of winding as the roll increases in diameter. In a modification the adjustable side of the mandrel can be locked in the adjusted position, and in a further modification the side and rear edges of the mandrel are movable by a lazy-tongs arrangement. The delivery may be modified by dispensing with the spool 39 and passing the strip through rolls, over a guide plate from which it falls in folds.
Patent GB-560277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in closures for preserving jars and the like
IPC: B65D45/28
Filed: 1942-11-10
Abstract: 560,277. Jar &c. closures. DEAKIN, J. Nov. 10, 1942, No. 15841. [Class 125 (iii)] Closure means for preserving jars &c. comprise a disc having a flat annular rim 12 and an upwardly dished centre part 10, the disc being adapted to lie over the mouth of the jar &c. with the rim 12 in contact with the mouth, and a clamp device 14 having claws 16 to take under the lip on the jar mouth and at its centre a thumb screw 17 which may be screwed down on to the part 10 of the closure disc to clamp it in position. A disc &c. 13 of waxed paper &c. may be provided to improve the sealing effect. The clamp 14 may be of the three-armed kind. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 205,007 and 277,261, [both in Class 125 (iii)].
Patent GB-218658-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to loom picking mechanism
IPC: D03D49/46
Filed: 1924-07-01
Abstract: 218,658. Souczek, F. July 2, 1923, [Convention date]. Picking-motions; pickers; shuttles. - In shuttle-actuating mechanism of the kind in which the shuttle is picked by the action of a grooved friction roller engaging longitudinal ribs 11, 12, Fig. 4, on the shuttle, the roller which is controlled by the shuttle-checking device is formed of pairs of discs 1, 2, Fig. 4, normally held together by a series of compression and tension springs 7, 8 and mounted loosely on the hub of a pulley 3. Pins pass through the pulley and the discs to cause them to rotate together. The roller is mounted on ball bearings on a spindle 5 carried by a cam-actuated bell-crank lever 18, Fig. 5, to bring the roller in,to position to engage the shuttle for picking. Upward motion of the shuttle is limited by a plate 13 arranged in advance of the spindle 5. In a modification, upward motion of the shuttle is limited by a plate which is pivoted to a spring-controlled lever and is normally in line with the spindle 5 and the pivot of the lever. Checking shuttles; shuttle-relief motions.-The motion is checked by a buffer device 38, Fig. 8, and a swell or brake 29. The buffer is formed of pieces of leather 39, Fig. 11, and thicker pieces 40, 41, a loop 42 being provided for engagement with a spring-controlled lever 31. The swell 29 acts in conjunction with plates 43 secured to the walls of the shuttle-box. The incoming shuttle 37 engages the buffer 38 and compresses it and then moves the lever 31 to the left, and a pin 45 on the lever 31 engages a bent rod 44 on a loose link 30 between the brake and a lever 24 which is locked in the position shown by a loose link 27 and levers 23, 24. The link 30 is thus moved into an upright position and raises the brake 29 to engage the shuttle. When the shuttle is to be picked, the bell-crank lever 18 is turned to bring the roller into the path of the shuttle, and by spring and lever connections 47, 46 causes the lever and link devices to assume the positions shown in Fig. 10, thereby releasing the brake 29 and allowing the spring-controlled lever 31 to move the shuttle 37 into the path of the roller 1.
Patent GB-156462-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the automatic protection of three-phase current circuits
IPC: H01H71/24
Filed: 1920-06-11
Abstract: 156,462. Zorzi, C. June 11, 1920. Cut-out arrangements.-An automatic circuitbreaker for a polyphase system comprises a tripcoil the circuit of which is connected across one phase when a line fails but is not so connected when all the lines are opened simultaneously. A hand-operated switch may be provided to control the trip-coil from a distance. The lines 1<1>, 2<1>, 3<1> contain electromagnets 1, 2, 3, which, when energized, cause switch-arms 4, 5, 6 to occupy the positions shown. One end of a trip-coil 16 is connected to contacts 7, 9, 11 and the other end is connected to the line 3<1>. The line 1<1> is ccnnected to contacts 8, 10, 12. When a line fails, say line 2<1>, the switch-arm 5 disengages ccntact 9 and engages contact 10, thereby connecting the coil 16 across the lines 1<1>, 3<1> as follows :-line 1<1>, contact 10, arms 5, 6, contact 11, coil 16, and line 3'. In this condition, the armature 17 is attracted to release the latch 18, and the circuit-breaker 13, 14, 15 is opened by the spring 19. When the lines 1<1>, 2<1>, 3<1> are opened simultaneously, the arm 4, 5, 6 drop, and the coil 16 is not energized. A hand-opened switch may be provided to bridge the leads connecting contacts 7, 9, 11 and 8, 10, 12 respectively,thereby energizing the coil 16 to trip the circuit-breaker.
Patent GB-727595-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sanding and polishing heads
IPC: B24D9/08
Filed: 1952-06-25
Abstract: 727,595. Abrasive tools. THOMPSON, G. H. Sept. 9, 1953 [June 25, 1952], No. 15943/52. Class 60. A sanding and polishing head comprises a rubber or like disc a having shallow coned front and rear faces of substantially equal angle. Two discs f, g of abrasive material are secured to the head and to each other at their peripheries by adhesive and are located on the front and rear faces, respectively, by a pip e and a boss c. The included angle between the two faces is preferably 10 degrees and the peripheral edge of the disc, which may be made from a plastic material having physical characteristics similar to those of rubber, has a vertical chamfer. The head is connected to its driving-shaft by a screwthreaded steel sleeve d moulded into the boss c, and is stated to resist distortion by centrifugal force.
Patent GB-1139300-A (GB)
Title: Photographic medium and process
IPC: G03C5/56
Filed: 1966-04-12
Abstract: 1,139,300. Photochromic materials. ITEK CORP. 12 April, 1966 [20 May, 1965], No. 16061/66. Heading C4S. [Also in Division G2] A radiation-sensitive material consists of a mixture of (a) a photochromic material which forms a more polar compound on exposure and (b) a polymer which is capable of dissolving (a) and contains at least 5 wt. per cent of a radical of formula (-CHX-CH 2 -) wherein X is OH, NH 2 , O-R-OH or O-R-NH 2 , R being a C 1-6  hydrocarbon radical, e.g. partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate, butyrate and propionate optionally mixed with polyvinyl alcohol, and hydroxy alkyl celluloses. Specified photochromic materials are 1<SP>1</SP>,1<SP>1</SP>,3<SP>1</SP>-trimethyl spiro- [2H-1-benzopyran-2,2<SP>1</SP>-indolines] containing a nitro group in the 6- or 7-position and optionally an alkyl or methoxy group in the 8 position. Suitable transparent supports are polyethylene terephthalate and cellulose acetate.
Patent GB-862423-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to waistcoats
IPC: A41D1/04
Filed: 1956-05-14
Abstract: 862,423. Waistcoats. TURNER, E.C. July 5, 1957 [May 24, 1956], No. 16076/56. Class 141 A waistcoat has a woollen back portion 1 provided with a tail or extension 2 and with one or more slits or openings through which the wearer's braces may extend. There may be a slit 4 adjacent each shoulder or a central slit 6 in the lower part of the back portion 1.
Patent GB-1384998-A (GB)
Title: Liquid polyester compositions
IPC: C08K3/00
Filed: 1973-04-04
Abstract: 1384998 Additives for unsaturated polyester/ monomer mixtures DIAMOND SHAMROCK CORP 4 April 1973 [5 April 1972] 16095/73 Heading C3P  A liquid polymerizable unsaturated polyester composition comprises (a) an unsaturated polyester derived from at least one ethylenically. unsaturated polycarboxylic acid and at least one polyhydric alcohol; (b) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which is to be subsequently copolymerized with (a); (c) at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide as a chemical thickening agent prior to polymerization and (d) a water absorptive agent selected. from silica gel, calcium sulphate and aluminosilicates of alkali and alkaline earth metals in an amount of from 0À05 to 5 wt. per cent based on the weight of (a) and (b). A minor amount of added water is also preferably present. The alumino silicates used are those normally known as synthetic zeolites. In the examples: (3) a polyester of propylene glycol, isophthalic acid and fumaric acid is mixed with styrene, a vinyl chloride copolymer, CaCO 3  (filler), Ca(OH) 2  (b) and components (c) selected from zeolites, silica gel and CaSO 4 ; (8) a polyester of propylene glycol, isophthalic acid, and maleic acid is mixed with Ca(OH) 2  and a zeolite as components (c) and (d), and CaCO 3  as filler and a small amount of water the monomer used being unspecified; (9) a mixture of the polyester of Example 8 and a brominated polyester of unspecified constitution are mixed with Ca(OH) 2 , and a zeolite as components (c) and (d), with also CaCO 3  and water, the monomer again being unspecified. Example 10 corresponds to Example 3 except that water is also present.
Patent GB-103801-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Mechanical Drive Belts.
Inventor: CROWE JOHN
IPC: F16G1/24
Filed: 1916-11-09
Abstract: 103,801. Crowe, J. May 1, 1916, [Convention date]. Belts.-A driving-belt for use with fans, blowers, &c., comprises alternate wire links 5 and metal strips 6, to which are attached leather or like blocks 10 extending laterally beyond the sides of the links. The ends of the strips 6 are bent round the links 5 and are embedded in the blocks 10, which may be slotted to enable them to be pushed into position laterally. The free ends 7 of the links 5 are bent slightly out of line with each other to impart elasticity to the belt. The driving-faces of the blocks 10 are curved in two directions to conform to the curvature of the periphery and crown of a pulley.
Patent GB-479931-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the synthesis of hydrocarbons under ultra-pressure
IPC: C07C1/04
Filed: 1936-06-09
Abstract: <PICT:0479931/IV/1> Hydrocarbons are produced from carbon monoxide and hydrogen at pressures exceeding 1500 atmospheres and the requisite temperature without a catalyst, the pressure being developed in successive compression stages.  Preferably the pressure is 4500--5000 atmospheres and the temperature 800--1600 DEG  C.  The final compression chamber may be the reaction chamber.  In the apparatus shown, water-gas from a generator a which receives steam by a pipe pp is drawn by an exhauster i into a packed washing tower b and a spray washer d.  The gas passes thence to a mixer l where its composition is adjusted, and is then passed through compressors I, - II, III, IV and V.  The first compressor has a water-jacket and its outlet pipe or pipes may be ribbed for additional cooling. The second and third compressors are followed by coolers e, f in which water is heated, and the fourth compressor is cooled by an oil jacket, the oil from which circulates through a heat-exchanger g in which water is boiled to supply steam to the gas generator a. The fifth compressor is cooled by oil or glycerin and the temperature therein is allowed to rise sufficiently to effect the reaction.  The gas from the fifth compressor is led to a fractional condensation tower h, fractions being drawn off at 1, 2, 3 and 4.  Specification 328,586, [Class 2 (iii)], is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 includes the production of hydrocarbons by the method described, from carbonaceous gases, carbon oxides, methane, ethane and other gases rich in carbon and hydrogen.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-611986-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric two-way communication systems
IPC: H04B14/02
Filed: 1946-05-28
Abstract: 611,986. Duplex pulse signalling. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., BOSWELL, I. I., and PLANER, F. E. May 28, 1946, No. 16246. [Class 40 (v)] In a two-way pulse communication system using a common carrier frequency in both directions, the pulse recurrence frequencies for the two directions differ by a frequency which lies above the band occupied by the modulating signals. In one embodiment the A station, Fig. 3, transmits pulses of recurrence frequency F and duration t, F being above the frequency band occupied by the modulating signals. The B station pulse recurrence frequency is 2F and the pulse duration t/2. The pulses produced by generator 8 pass through a phase-shifting network 9 to a shaper 10 and amplitude modulator 7 fed also with modulating signals from microphone 11 and amplifier 12. The modulated pulses, in turn, modulate the carrier in circuit 3, the output of which is fed through the electronic transmit-receive switch 2 to the aerial 1. The T/R switch also feeds received pulses from the aerial 1, except when it is passing the transmitted pulses, to the receiver 4 and reproducer 13. When alternate pulses of the received recurrence frequency 2F overlap the transmitted pulses of frequency F, the pulse output of the receiver rectifier 19 changes in frequency from 2F to F and the pulses are selected by a band-pass filter 21 which energizes a rectifier and switch 22., The latter operates to introduce a 45 degrees phaseshift in the circuit 9 and thus remove the overlap. Should the overlapping condition recur, the next operation of switch 22 restores the original phase to the transmitted pulses, and so on. The automatic operation of the phaseshifter may be omitted and manual operation resorted to when the receiver output power decreases owing to overlap, Fig. 1 (not shown). In a modification, the frequency of the A station is F and that of the B station is F+f and the difference frequency f is removed, by a low-pass filter, from the received signal. When duration or phase modulated pulses are used, the receiver is gated to be responsive only during periods when pulses are to be received. The gating pulses are derived from the output of the phase-shift network 9, Fig. 4 (not shown). More than two stations may be included in the system. In one arrangement, the transmitter pulse recurrence frequencies for three stations A, B, C are F, 2F and 4F respectively, the respective pulse durations being t, t/2 and t/4.
Patent GB-1085411-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electropneumatic compressed air brakes for rail vehicles
IPC: B60T13/66
Filed: 1966-04-13
Abstract: 1,085,411. Electropneumatic braking systems. KNORR-BREMSE G.m.b.H. April 13, 1966 [April 13, 1965], No. 16287/66. Heading F2F. An electropneumatic braking system for a rail vehicle is adapted to be produced by conversion of an existing pneumatic installation having a triple-pressure valve 4, which supervises the admission of compressed air to a brake cylinder 21 under control of pressure in the train pipe 1, and a change-over unit of the kind comprising different flow restrictors 27, 28 and 32, 35 for both application and release circuits together with a manually operated valve assembly 30, 34, 38 for changing the rate of application and release to suit different types of train, the change-over unit being bolted on a flange of the triple valve. The conversion is effected by inserting a third unit containing electromagnet application and release valves 43 and 45, respectively, between the mating flanges of the triple valve and the change-over unit. When the electromagnetic valves are de-energized, as shown, the third unit merely connects the air supply pipe 23 from reservoir 9 to the inlet restrictors 27, 28, connects these to the inlet chamber 20 of the triple valve, and connects the exhaust chamber 11 of the triple valve to the exhaust restrictors 32, 35, as would be the case if the third unit were removed, but, when the valves are energized air is admitted by way of a passage 48, including a restrictor 47, and the now open valve member 44 of valve 43 to the outlet chamber 11 of the triple valve and thence by way of chamber 14 to the brake cylinder 21, the exhaust through restrictors 32, 35 being at the same time shut off by the closing of valve member 46 of valve 45. Valve member 44 can then be reclosed to hold a desired pressure in the brake cylinder, and valve member 46 subsequently re-opened to release the brakes. The electromagnet valves are controlled via wires 50, 52 and common return wire 51. In controlled or emergency pneumatic operation, a reduction of pressure in brake pipe 1 occurs which reduces pressure in chamber 3 without affecting that in control pressure chamber 7, which is fed via non-return valve 5. As a result, piston assembly 10, 12, 13 rises to close exhaust valve 17, 18 and open inlet valve 18, 19 to admit air to the brake cylinder until pressures in chambers 3 and 14 are balanced. Subsequent restoration of regular pressure in the brake pipe restores the piston assembly 10, 12, 13 to exhaust air from the brake cylinder and also allows replenishment of reservoir 3 and, if necessary, control chamber 3, via non-return valves 8 and 5, respectively. Any tendency of the piston assembly 10, 12, 13 to rise during electropneumatic operation is counteracted by the rise in pressure in chamber 14 which then takes place.