Patent GB-436862-A (GB)
Title: Process of improving the wetting and like properties of aqueous liquids employed in the textile, fur and leather industries
IPC: C11D1/88
Filed: 1934-04-11
Abstract: The wetting, cleansing, emulsifying, and dispensing properties of aqueous liquids employed in the textile, fur and leather industries are improved by using as assistants sulphonic acid amides of the general formula (SO3H)n. R.SO2.NYR<1> in which R is any desired carbon residue, R<1> is a higher aliphatic or cycloaliphatic residue, i.e. containing at least six carbon atoms, Y is hydrogen or any desired carbon residue and n is a whole number.  The carbon chain of the residues R and R<1> may contain substituents.  The compounds may be used alone or in admixture in the form of their salts with alkali metals ammonia or organic bases.  The compounds may be prepared by reacting halogen sulphonic acid halides, such as b -chlorethane-a -sulphonic acid chloride, b -g -dichloropropane-a -sulphonic acid chloride, 10 - chlorodecane - 1 - sulphonic chloride and 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzene-1-sulphonic acid chloride, with amines such as undecylamine, dodecylamine, tridecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, cyclohexylamine, amines of p  naphthenic alcohols, amines of polyhalogen paraffines, amino fatty acids &c. or mixtures thereof and reacting the products so obtained with salts of sulphurous acid.  The compounds may also be prepared by reacting semi-amides of di- and poly-sulphonic acids with higher aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds containing reactive halogen, by direct sulphonation of sulphonic acid amides which are substituted at the nitrogen by higher aliphatic or cycloaliphatic residues, or by the oxidation of the corresponding mercapto-sulphonic acid amides or their S-sulphonic acids. According to examples, (1) b -chlorethane-a -sulphonic acid-N-dodecylamide is refluxed with sodium sulphite in an alcoholic medium, the product being filtered from inorganic components and evaporated to produce the sodium salt of ethane-a -sulphonic acid-b -(sulphonic acid dodecylamide); (2) 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzene - 1 - sulphonic acid -N-dodecylamide is refluxed with sodium sulphite in the presence of alcohol-water to produce the sodium salt of 3-nitro-4-sulphobenzene-1-sulphonic acid -N-dodecylamide; (3) 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzene-1-sulphonic acid-N-dodecylamide, aminoethane-sulphonic acid and dimethylaniline are heated in alcohol-water for some time at 160--170 DEG  C., the reaction product being reduced with zinc and hydrochloric acid, neutralized with soda, filtered, evaporated to dryness and extracted with alcohol to obtain the compound C12H25.NH.SO2.C6H3(NH2).NH. CH2.CH2.SO3Na; (4) The product obtained in example 2 is heated with excess of sodium bisulphite, 3-amido-4-sulphobenzene - 1 - sulphonic acid-N-dodecylamide being obtained.  The process of examples 3 may also be used to produce substances which contain tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl and octadecenyl residues, or the residues of sperm oil, sperm oil alcohols, palm kernel alcohols, naphthene alcohols, or cycloalkyl residues such as the iso-octylcyclohexyl residue and the perhydro-p-menapthylbenzyl residue, instead of the dodecyl residue.  The above assistants may be employed in treatment baths which contain alkaline agents such as soda, trisodium phosphate, pyrophosphates, metaphosphates, water glass and borax, neutral agents such as sodium sulphate, acid agents such as acid sodium sulphate, percompounds such as perborates, persulphates and percarbonates, lime, magnesia or other substances which produce hardness in water, superfatting agents and other wetting or like agents.  The assistants may also be employed in admixture with solvents such as hydrocarbons or alcohols or in admixture with enzymes such as urease or pancreatin.  Liquid preparations containing the assistants may be employed in the hot or cold state. Specifications 333,554, [Class 2 (iii)], 378,383, 413,457, 415,718, and 428,153 are referred to.