baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1036624-A (GB)
Title: Process for continuous gas chromatographic analysis
Inventor: OBST DANKWART
IPC: G01N30/62
Filed: 1963-04-18
Abstract: A process for continuous gas chromatographic analysis comprises introducing a periodically e.g. sinusoidally, fluctuating quantity of test sample mixture into a carrier gas flowing through a separation column in which the velocity of the sample is caused to fluctuate periodically at a different frequency, e.g. by varying the carrier gas velocity sinusoidally, and determining the component concentration of the sample from a frequency spectrum produced by the detector.  The mathematical relationship between the two frequencies, the frequency spectrum and the component concentration is defined.  A method of analyzing for only two components in a three component mixture is disclosed.  This involves the choice of frequencies such that one component no longer influences the frequency spectrum.  The method of the invention allows an analysis to be performed which is not restrained by the time of the slowest component.  A process utilizing continuous gas chromatography with a periodically fluctuating quantity of a test sample containing n components is stated to be known.  In this method, n/2 measuring points are required for complete analysis.
Patent GB-218303-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for automatically controlling the temperature of furnaces
IPC: H05B1/02
Filed: 1924-06-25
Abstract: 218,303. Verney, J. L. L. June 28, 1923, [Convention date]. Thermostats.-In a furnace wherein a temperature-regulating apparatus adapted to maintain the furnace at a determined temperature is automatically controlled by controlling apparatus so that the temperature is varied according to a predetermined law, the controlling apparatus comprises a lengthwise movable control bar 16 capable of sliding on a support 25 adapted to move uniformly tranversely to the bar, the latter being operated by driving- mechanism adapted to be controlled in either one or the other direction according as a point of the bar passes to either one or the other side of a curve 31 representative of the predetermined law and materialized on the support 25. The regulating apparatus is of the type described in Specification 184,797, [Class 37, Electricity, Measuring &c.], and comprises a galvanometer having a torsion head 2 coupled to the bar 16 by a screwed rod 12 and rack-and-pinion gearing 7. The galvanometer coil is energized by a thermoelectric couple disposed in the furnace and is adapted to operate a switch fitted to a circuit which controls the operation of a valve, a register, a rheostat or other temperatureregulating-device according to the type of furnace used. The bar 16 is made of insulating material and is fitted with conducting plates 17, 18 engaging conducting rollers 21, 20. The support 25 carrying the metal strip 31 is moved at a uniform speed along rails 26, 27 bv a clockwork mechanism 30. When a part of the metal strip 31 comes in contact with either of the faces 17, 18 the battery 54 sends a current through one of the solenoids 35, 36 with consequent operation of the reversing switch 34 to start the motor 32 which actuates the rod 12 through the worm gear 23, 22 and nut 13. The support 25 may be in the form of a revolving drum.
Patent GB-1065683-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of titanium tetrachloride
Inventor: ZIRNGIBL HANS
IPC: C22B34/12
Filed: 1964-04-14
Abstract: <PICT:1065683/C1/1> TiCl4 is prepared from oxidic titanium containing materials by forming granules having a diameter of 2 to 30 mm. from the oxidic Ti-containing material, recycled carbon containing granules from a previous operation and from cokable materials and binders; the carbon content of the cokable materials is at least stoichiometrically equivalent to the oxygen in the Ti-containing source material. The granules are coked at 700-900 DEG  C. and then allowed to move in countercurrent to an upflowing gas consisting of chlorine or an inert gas containing free chlorine at 600-1000 DEG  C. through a shaft furnace containing inclined planes in a zig-zag arrangement the angle of inclination being greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the granules.  The cokable material which may be coal, coal tar, pitch or sawdust may constitute 15-25% by wt. of the total carbon present in the granules.  The chlorinating gas may be a residue formed during the vapour phase oxidation of TiCl4. In the drawing, the titanium containing starting material (e.g. rutile or ilmenite) and the washed residues are fed at A into the drying device 1, ground in the grinder 2, and mixed in the mixer 3; further binder may be added at B.  The resultant mixture is granulated at 4 and coked, e.g. in the rotary furnace 5.  Granules are fed into the shaft furnace 7 at sluice gate 6.  They follow a zig-zag path through the furnace. TiCl4 is discharged at C.  The residue is washed at 8, filtered at 9 and may be used in subsequent cycles.
Patent GB-663319-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to polyphase transductors
IPC: H01F29/14
Filed: 1949-06-10
Abstract: 663,319. Control systems for consumption apparatus. ALLMANNA SVENSKA ELEK, TRISKA AKTIEBOLAGET. June 10, 1949 [June 16, 1948; Aug. 4, 1948], Nos. 15483/49 and 15484/49. Class 38 (iv).  Inductive control.-A polyphase composite transductor formed from at least two constituent transductors of which at least part have windings adapted to be traversed by both alternating and direct currents, the windings being traversed by substantially equal direct currents, means being provided to permit the alternating voltages to be independent of one another. A twelve-pulse composite transductor formed from two six-pulse constituent transductors 61, 62, having the phases of the constituent transductors rotated by 15 degrees-one forward, the other rearward-with respect to the impressed three-phase voltage, has the windings arranged in zig-zag fashion, each sixpulse transductor comprising two three-phase stars, a neutral point of one pair of stars being connected to a neutral point of the other pair of stars by an interphase transformer 64 or 65, each of which is centre-tapped to form a D.C. terminal fed from a D.C. generator 66. The two interphase transformers may be wound on a common magnetic core and a series reactor 67 may be included to absorb the higher harmonics present in the system. Other embodiments are described, one in which the interphase transformers are dispensed with, the direct current traversing the windings of the two six-pulse transductors in series with the corresponding windings being connected to different A.C. terminals of the same phase, another in which the A.C. supply may be taken from a three-phase supply in which the three phases are entirely separate, and yet another in which the alternating current side of the transductors may be connected to a common phasesplitting transformer while the D.C. supply is from two separate sources. Specification 663,305 is referred to.
Patent GB-318227-A (GB)
Title: Device for stopping bottles and other receptacles
IPC: B65D41/04
Filed: 1929-05-17
Abstract: 318,227. Hermes. E. M. Aug. 31, 1928, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. Screw stoppers; plug stoppers. - A stopper 1 for a bottle 2 comprises an internal recess 3 with a central tapered projection 5 and a screwthread 6 which cooperates with a thread on the bottleneck 7. The opening in the bottle has a tapered seating 9 on which the cone 5 fits, the arrangement being such that when the joint is tight there is still a slight space between the faces 10, 11.
Patent GB-1517884-A (GB)
Title: Method for preparing a luminescent cadmium-containing alkaline earth halophosphate
IPC: C01B25/455
Filed: 1976-04-15
Abstract: 1517884 Luminescent materials and uses thereof PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 15 April 1976 [22 April 1975] 15535/76 Heading C4S A method of preparing a luminescent Cd containing alkaline earth metal halophosphate of apatite crystal structure, activated by trivalent antimony and optionally also bivalent Mn and wherein from 0À1 to 5 mol percent of alkaline earth metal in the halophosphate is replaced by Cd, comprises heating a Cd free starting mixture (of compounds from which the alkaline earth can be produced by heating) in an oxidizing atmosphere at 700 to 1000‹C, mixing the reaction product with cadmium oxide and heating at 1000 to 1250‹C (e.g. in air or nitrogen). 0À01 to 0À10 gr m. atoms of halogen per mole of halophosphate may be added in the form of alkaline earth halide (e.g. fluoride) to the product of the first heating to prevent defects such as halogen vacancies in the crystal lattice. The antimony is preferably incorporated as antimony oxide at the second heating stage so as to reduce losses of antimony and cadmium. Detailed preparations are disclosed with (Ca + Cd + Mn)/ 6p  ratios specified. The general formula M 10 (PO 4 ) 6 X 2  is mentioned wherein M is at least one alkaline earth metal and X is F and/or Cl. The phosphor may be used in a low p Hg lamp.
Patent GB-125319-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Automatic Hand Looms for Weaving.
IPC: D03D29/00
Filed: 1918-09-25
Abstract: 125,319. Hall & Sons, R., and Hall, O. S. Sept. 25, 1918. Change-box motions.-In a loom in which all the parts are operated from the rocking of the shaft d of the lay b which is oscillated by hand or foot, a drop-box for effecting a change of .shuttle is operated when the loom is at rest by connexions to a hand-lever or a treadle, so that the loom can be worked by persons who have lost arms or legs. The drop-box g is connected by a rod g' to an arm h<1> on a shaft h<2>, to which is secured a treadle h, and a hand-lever i mounted on the breast beam a' is connected by a rod i<1> to the treadle. The treadle may be locked in its lowered position by the notched vertical arm of a weighted T-lever, which has a treadle k<2> on one horizontal arm and a cord or other connexion k' to the lever i secured to the end of the other horizontal arm, whereby the T-lever may be moved to release the treadle h.
Patent GB-219777-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to combing machines
IPC: D01G19/16
Filed: 1923-06-15
Abstract: 219,777. Renton, A. N. June 15, 1923. Combing-machines.-The top jaw of the nipper of a Delete, Heilmann or like combing-maohine is formed of two outer plates B. B<1> between which is fitted a loose plate A. The plate A is main. tained in a raised position when the jaws are closed by the rib or ledge on the bottom jaw entering the channel between the plates B, B<1>, but falls through the action of gravity or through the intervention of springs when the jaws are separated, and in falling acts to flatten down the deflection formed in the fibre. The front plate B extends lower down than the rear plate B<1> and is curved towards the rear plate at its lower edge b<1>.
Patent GB-809375-A (GB)
Title: Stepped waveform generator
Inventor: BOROUGHS EDWARD GRAHAM
IPC: H03K4/02
Filed: 1956-05-18
Abstract: 809,375. Transistor, discharge tube, testing. SPERRY GYROSCOPE CO. Ltd. May 17, 1957 [May 18, 1956], No. 15575/56. Class 37. [Also in Group XL (c)] The Figure shows a circuit for displaying on cathode-ray tube 20 the collector current/ collector voltage characteristics of the transistor 11 at different values of emitter current. The value of emitter current is controlled by a stepped current wave produced from a circuit comprising a multi-gap discharge tube 10 (see Group XL (c)). At any given value of emitter current the collector current is measured by the voltage developed across resistor R fed into amplifier 18 whilst the collector voltage is swept by the sweep signal generator, not shown, the collector voltage being fed to the cathoderay tube via amplifier 19. In this way a family of 1c/Vc curves are produced at increasing values of IE. The circuit may measure the aniode current versus anode voltage characteristics of electric discharge tubes at varying values of control grid voltage, the varying control voltage being applied from the stepwave generator comprising tube 10.
Patent GB-354865-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in shoes for overall chains or the like for road vehicle wheels
IPC: B62D55/04
Filed: 1930-05-21
Abstract: 354,865. Endless tracks for vehicles. KENNEDY, D. S., Harewood Forest, Longparish, Hampshire. May 21, 1930, Nos. 15628, 18047, 26053, and 36595. [Class 79 (i).] A shoe for removable endless chains for road vehicle wheels is either formed in two separated portions to embrace a single tyre as in Figs. 1 and 2 or is doubly arched to extend across a twin tyre, as in Figs. 7 and 8, and is provided with one or more metallic shackle members d, j each having parallel sides or bars of which one bar.is embraced by an edge of the shoe, parallel with the direction of motion of the shoe, and the other bar is embraced either by another edge of the shoe, Figs. 1 and 2, or by a member l, Figs. 7 and 8, forming part of the coupling connection between adjacent shoes. In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the shoe portions a, b, which may be formed with inner and outer members a, a2, b, b<2> as described in Specification 325,135, [Class 79 (i), Locomotives &c.], have their inner ends looped about the parallel bars d<1> of the shackle, so that each portion can swing freely about the corresponding bar d<1>. Each shoe member is connected to adjacent members by pivoted shackles h<1> and links f. In the modification shown in Fig. 10 the shackle d and the shoe members a, b have facing edges which abut when the shoes are turned to a certain position and thus limit the flexibility of the shoes in that direction. The shoes are provided with renewable tread pieces g which cover the gaps between the shoe members and the shackle. In another modification each shackle comprises two parallel pins connected together by end bearing blocks, each pin being fixed to the adjacent shoe member by a plate passing through a slot in the pin and riveted both to the pin and the shoe member. In the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the shoe a<3> is connected to the shackles j by pieces k riveted to the shoe, and one bar j<1> of each shackle is enclosed by a member l connected to adjacent members by coupling links f. According to the second and third Provisional Specifications instead of oval or parallel-sided shackles loops of stranded wire cable may be employed, and according to the third Provisional Specification the shoe for a twin tyre may have the shackle hinge at its centre between the two tyres.
Patent GB-1356739-A (GB)
Title: Pipeline for use under conditions of considerable variations  in temperature
IPC: F16L9/16
Filed: 1972-04-05
Abstract: 1356739 Temperature compensated pipe-line INSTITUT ELEKTROSVARKI IMENI EO PATONA AKADEMII NAUK UKRAINSKOI SSR 5 April 1972 15656/72 Heading F2P A pipe-line for use under conditions of considerable variation in temperature, for transmitting liquefied natural gas for example, has at least one helical corrugation 3. As shown, the pipe-line is formed from a roll of steel blank by welding the longitudinal edges 2 and corrugating the sections 3 adjacent the edges. A helical strip 4 is attached to the weld line 2 or to one of the corrugation bases to provide a smooth interior. Strenghtening steel bands 5 are wound helically between the corrugations.
Patent GB-553352-A (GB)
Title: Coloured photographic images
IPC: G03C7/28
Filed: 1941-12-05
Abstract: 553,352. Coloured photographic image. TULL, A. G. Dec. 5, 1941, No. 15709. [Class 98 (ii)] A coloured photographic image is produced in a photographic emulsion layer containing a silver image by applying a bath containing a dye capable of diffusely dyeing the layer and an agent capable of destroying the dye on the site of the silver image in the layer. The bath may contain thiourea or like reagent capable of forming a complex with a silver salt also present in the layer whereby additional quantities of the dye are precipitated on the site of the silver salt. The silver image may be produced by development of a latent image in a silver halide emulsion layer or of the residual silver halide layer, the first developed silver being removed. The layer may be fixed or not. Acid dyes, e.g. Metanil Yellow, may be used. The dyes may be rendered insoluble by precipitants. An exposed silver bromide may be developed and without fixing a bleach bath is then applied containing an acid dye and bleaching components one of which consists of a complex-forming reagent, e.g. thiourea ; the bath may comprise thiourea, sulphuric acid, hydroquinone, and Metanil Yellow. The bath converts the residual halide to a complex capable of precipitating additional quantities of dye. Dye-precipitating agents may also be present in the layer. The process may be applied in the production of a multi-colour record, which may be made by the assembly in register of colour component records. The process may be applied to the colour processing of one layer of a multi-layer material, particularly the superficial layer, of a silver halide emulsion layer on one side of a support having a plurality of emulsion layers on the opposite side, or of one element of a bipack, the other element of which carries a plurality of emulsion layers. A non-reversed colour image may be produced by removing the first developed silver with an acid dichromate bath, redeveloping the residual silver halide, and applying the combined dyeing and dye-destruction bath.
Patent GB-1392328-A (GB)
Title: Installation for treating molten metal
IPC: F27B19/02
Filed: 1972-04-05
Abstract: 1392328 Refining and degassing molten metals GROUPEMENT POUR LES ACTIVITES ATOMIQUES ET AVANCEES 5 April 1972 [7 April 1971] 15735/72 Heading C7D Apparatus includes a melting vessel 1, holding vessel 2, and treating vessel 3, molten metal being transferred between the vessels and discharged from the vessel 3 by electromagnetic pumps 9,10 and 13, one at least of which has an intake also for treatment gas. The bases of all three chambers lie in the same horizontal plane. The melting chamber may have an inclined surface 6 on which blocks of charge material 4 are placed while molten metal is showered over it by electromagnetic pump 7, and the treatment chamber may incorporate a further electromagnetic pump 12 having intakes both for metal and for treatment gas 15, the pump discharging into an open-ended cylinder 16 wherein slag 17 collects. In a modified form of apparatus the holding vessel 2 may be omitted, while in a further form all three stages are combined in a single vessel, Fig. 2. The apparatus is employed particularly to treat Al, Zn, or Mg while the discharge pump 13 may be programmed to satisfy the requirements of a casting machine. For high temperature operation pumps 7,12 may be located outside the chambers.
Patent GB-712271-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the preparation of aluminium wire for use in the gas-shielded arc welding method
IPC: B23K35/40
Filed: 1951-04-06
Abstract: An aluminium or aluminium alloy wire for use as a consumable p electrode in the gas shielded arc welding of aluminium is prepared by removing all hydrocarbons, moisture and moisture adsorbing oxide film therefrom and packaging the wire in a substantially moisture-proof container while the wire is still substantially free of any hydrogen-containing compound.  All moisture, hydrocarbons such as oil and grease and hydrated oxide film are removed from the wire.  An alkaline bath containing sodium carbonate, trisodium phosphate and sodium hydroxide may be used to remove oil, grease and hydrated oxide film.  The wire is then immersed in an acid, e.g. nitric, nitric-hydrofluoric or chromic based to brighten it and it is rinsed and dried.  An alkaline bath, e.g. 3 per cent. sodium carbonate and 3 per cent. sodium phosphate with an inhibitor, e.g., pyridine or aniline or a vapour degreaser, e.g. trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride or benzol may be used to remove oil and grease and an acid bath, e.g. of nitric, phosphoric and acetic acids to remove the oxide film.  The acid bath may be replaced by a solution of caustic soda, zinc oxide and water in which the oxide film is dissolved to expose the aluminium which on dissolving is replaced by zinc.  The zinc is removed in a nitric acid bath. Stainless steel brushes may be used to mechanically remove the oxide film.  Specification 712,238 is referred to.
Patent GB-158721-A (GB)
Abstract: 158,721. Jensen, N. C. F., and Tilney, M. J. E. Nov. 14, 1919. Make-and-break switches, mechanical.-Hightension switches for use in conjunction with ignition apparatus of internal - combustion engines, comprises normally separated contacts which are periodically brought within sparking distance by means of a rotating member, in order to permit the passage of a high-tension current. The fixed contact c carried by an insulating plate a, is normally beyond sparking distance from the contact d which is carried by a stationary flat spring b. A cam g formed on the insulating- plate e, which is mounted on, and rotated by the shaft f, periodically forces the contact d within sparking distance of c, permitting the passage of the high-tension current.
Patent GB-1073882-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of biologically active 2,4-pentadienoic acid derivatives
Inventor: CORNFORTH JOHN WARCUP
IPC: C07D493/08
Filed: 1965-04-14
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of formula <FORM:1073882/C2/1> in which R, R1, R11 and R111 are H or C1- 4 alkyl, as well as a process for preparing the corresponding (1 - hydroxy - 4 - oxocyclohex - 2-enyl) pentadienoic acid (and its salts and esters) by reacting the (cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)-pentadienoic acid with activated O2 to give the epidioxide (above) which is then rearranged under alkaline conditions.  The hydroxy-oxo acid may be esterified, e.g. with CH2N2. In examples, R = R1 = R11 = R111 = Me.  The oxidation step is preferably effected in presence of cosin, erythrosin, fluorescein or chlorophyll.ALSO:Growth of wheat is inhibited by application of a compound of formula <FORM:1073882/C1/1> or of the corresponding (1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohex-2-enyl) pentadienoic acid, preferably as a composition with a carrier and/or surface-active agent.  In the formula, R, R1, R11 and R111 are H or C1- 4 alkyl, preferably methyl. The active compound may be applied in aqueous solution buffered with sodium phosphate.ALSO:Plant growth is inhibited by treating grain and seeds with an epidioxide-containing unsaturated carboxylic acid having the formula:  <FORM:1073882/A1-A3/1> or the re-arranged oxo-containing unsaturated carboxylic acid preferably dissolved in water or mixed with a carrier and/or surface-active agent.  In the formula, R, R1, R11 and R111 are H or C1-4 alkyl, preferably methyl.
Patent GB-683876-A (GB)
Title: An improved spring washer
IPC: F16B39/24
Filed: 1951-07-05
Abstract: 683,876. Locking nuts &c. VOSSLOH, K. July 5, 1951, No. 15940/51. Class 89 (i) A spring washer consists of one helical turn on which there are superposed a number of corrugations, preferably forming two high spots 1, 2 intermediate the high end 3 and the low end 4. The radius of curvature of the corrugations preferably exceeds the outside diameter of the washer.
Patent GB-1423949-A (GB)
Title: Lysis of yeast cell walls
IPC: C12N1/06
Filed: 1974-04-11
Abstract: 1423949 Cell wall lysis KIRIN BEER KK 11 April 1974 [11 April 1973 4 Aug 1973] 16120/74 Heading C6F Yeast is contacted with a water soluble sulphite before or during enzymic lysis in an aqueous medium. The sulphite may be present in solution in the aqueous medium during lysis or may be contacted with the yeast as an aqueous solution before lysis in which case contact is preferably maintained for 0.2 hours prior to lysis. The sulphite solution may contain a cupric salt. The lysis may be effected in the presence of a water soluble inorganic salt (specified) other than the sulphite. The sulphite is preferably that of an ammonium alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cation and the enzyme used is preferably Zymolase, produced by Arthro bacter luteus.