baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CS-234929-B1 (CS)
Inventor: HAJSO STEFAN
IPC: A01D25/04
Filed: 1983-11-16
Abstract: Zařízení je určeno pro samonaváděcí vyorávání
řepných bulev. Kyvné nosné rameno
vyorávacích kotoučů je opatřeno příčným
posuvným ložem, uloženým na nosném
kloubu rámu stroje, a alespoň jeden vyorávací
kotouč je opatřen unášecím ozubením,
s nímž je v záběru hnací ozubení příčného
hnacího ozubeného kola.
Patent CS-264522-B1 (CS)
Inventor: NEJEDLY ZDENEK ING
IPC: C07D239/54
Filed: 1986-11-24
Abstract: Řešení se týká způsobu přípravy radioaktivního
thymidinu značeného radioizotopem ’4C,
přeměnou thyminu značeného radioizotopem
’4C či neznačeného, na thymidin značený ra-
“ dioizotopem ,4C. Příprava thymidinu značeného
radioizotopem 14C se provádí v přítomnosti
2-deoxycytidinu značeného radioizotopem 14C
- či neznačeného, v přítomnosti detergentu a stimulátoru
reakce, v prostředí pufru a při reakční
teplotě v rozmezí 3 °C až 38 °C, katalytickým
účinkem biokatalyzátorů připravených z bakterií
Escherichia coli, jehož podstata spočívá
v tom, že jako biokatalyzátory se používají
buňky bakterií Escherichia coli B imobilizované
zabudováním do inertního nosiče, s výhodou
do alginátu sodného.
Patent CS-266046-B1 (CS)
Inventor: ELLEDER PAVEL
IPC: B21B31/08
Filed: 1987-11-27
Abstract: Očelem zařízení je dosáhnout výměny
uložení pracovních válců v co nejkratším
čase a snížit tak na minimum ztráty v produkci
válcování. Tohoto účelu se dosáhne
tím, že v horních plochách spodních ložiskových
těles spodního opěrného válce jsou
jednak upevněny kolejnice a jednak v rovinné
návaznosti s nimi vytvořena vybrání.
Ve vybráních jsou uspořádána přestavitel-^
ně ovládaná ramena dvouramenných pák, uložených
natáčivě na čepech, pevně spojených
se spodními ložiskovými tělesy spodního
opěrného válce.
Patent CS-253210-B1 (CS)
Inventor: WICHTERLE OTTO
IPC: G02C7/04
Filed: 1983-12-06
Abstract: Zařízení k zakládání forem s dávkovanou
monomerní směsí do rotujících polyme.-
račních kolon střídavým přetlačováním
a uvolňováním sloupce forem zapadajících
z trubicových zásobníků spojených s kolonou,
které sestává z tělesa z magnetického
materiálu upraveného na spodní straně
pro pevné upevnění ke koloně a na horní
straně pro upevnění k zásobníku, které
je opatřeno průchozím otvorem o průměru
větším než je průměr forem, kolmo na osu
tohoto otvoru je vytvořen další otvor,
vedoucí do průchozího otvoru, v němž jsou
upraveny proti sobě pohyblivé dorazy přetlačované
v dostředném směru pružinami,
vně řečeného tělesa jsou proti sobě uložené
dva stacionární bloky, přičemž alespoň
vnější konce dorazů a stacionární bloky
jsou vytvořeny z materiálů vykazujících
vzájemnou protipólovou magnetickou interakci
.
Patent CS-215226-B1 (CS)
Inventor: FEDOR BARTOLOMEJ
IPC: H01R4/36
Filed: 1980-12-29
Abstract: Vynélez sa týká zdierkovanej svorky
pre elektrické přístroje pozostávajúcej zo
strmena, matice, privodného elementu,
skrutky a pripojovacieho priestoru.
Velkým problémom u zdierkovaných svorek
pri připojování elektrických vodičov je
deformácia vodiča tlakom pripojovacieho
prvku a nedostatočné vytvárnie tlaku vlastnou
konštrukciou svorky na vodič.
Tieto navýhody ždierková svorka podlá
vynálezu tým, že na bočných stěnách strmena
sú zhotovené výřezy predcházajúce až do
spodnej časti strmena, ktorá je tvaru otvoreného
písmena V.
Vynález sa dé využil u všetkých elektrických
prístrojov pripájaných do elektrickej
siete s hliníkovými vodičmi.
Patent CS-241624-B1 (CS)
Inventor: MACHA JAROSLAV
IPC: C12P19/02
Filed: 1983-12-13
Abstract: Způsob výroby invertovaných cukerných
sirupů hydrolýzou roztoků sacharózy, spočívá
ve štěpení roztoku sacharózy působením
zbytků kvasinek, které vznikají zahřátím
kvasinek v roztoku sacharózy nebo fruktózy
v koncentraci 10 až 80 hmotnostních % na
teplotu 45 až 85 °C. Kvasinky mohou být
zahřátý přímo v roztoku sacharózy, určeném
k inverzi. Postup je velice jednoduchý
a levný. Při výrobě odpadají potíže
s plazmolytichými činidly, reakce je rychlá.
podmínky mohou být zvoleny tak, že dochází
k obohacení sirupu vitaminy.
Získané sirupy jsou vhodné k použití v potravinářství
a včelařství.
Patent CS-220011-B1 (CS)
Inventor: HYLAN STANISLAV
IPC: A61C13/00
Filed: 1980-12-30
Abstract: Opěrný třmen zubní náhrady přichycený
ke korunkám pilířových zubů zbylého chrupu
se skládá z horizontálně tvarovaného profilu
o dvou, s výhodou kruhových průřezech
nad sebou s paralelními osami nebo z profilu,
jehož část, přivrácená do dutiny ústní,
je vytvořena z válcových dílů navzájem od
sebe oddělených mezerou.
Patent CS-267268-B1 (CS)
Inventor: EXNEROVA KARLA ING
IPC: C10M101/00
Filed: 1987-12-27
Abstract: Řešení spadá do oboru průmyslově
pomocných přípravků s využitím v oboru
zpracování dřeva a dřevního odpadu. Popisuje
systém dispergátorů složených z 5
až 12 hmot. dílů alkylpolyglykoleterů s
8 až 20 atomy uhlíku v alkylovém řetězci
a 3 až 10 moly etylénoxidu v molekule,
1 až 5 hmot. dílů alkylfenylpolyglykoleteru
s 6 až 10 atomy uhlíku v alkylu
a 5 až 10 moly etylénoxidu v molekule
a max. 3 hmot. dílů amidického derivátu r
mastné kyseliny, kde hydrofobní řetězec
kyseliny obsahuje 8 až 22 atomů uhlíku
a výchozí hydrofilní sloučenina je vzorce
HnN (ROH)b. kde á, b je 1 až 2 a R
je etylen - nebo -1,2 propandiol pro
směs živočišných tuků a bočního destilačního
řezu olejových hydrogenátů nebo
destilačních zbytků po vakuové destilaci
hydrogenové olejové frakce ropné suroviny.
Popsaná formulace je aplikovaná
jako vodná emulze v koncentracích 50 g
produktu v 1 l· provozních neupravených
vod a zabezpečuje dokonalou separaci
zušlechtění dřevovláknité hmoty od lisovacích
ocelových plátů při vysokoteplotním
hydraulickém lisování.
Patent DK-169308-B1 (DK)
Inventor: SAUERBIER DIETER
IPC: A61K31/675
Filed: 1987-10-30
Granted: 1994-10-10
Abstract: 1. A lyophilized preparation consisting of ifosfamide and 0.1 to 17 parts by weight hexitol per part by weight ifosfamide and, optionally, other standard pharmaceutical auxiliaries.
Patent FI-101192-B1 (FI)
Inventor: LONTRADE JEAN-PIERRE
IPC: A61F9/00
Filed: 1992-10-16
Granted: 1998-05-15
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FR91/00291 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 27, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 27, 1992 PCT Filed Apr. 10, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/16868 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 14, 1991.Liquid is enclosed in a resiliently deformable container, the neck of which has a microfiltering membrane which is permeable to the liquid but impermeable to air when wet. Since the container resiliently recovers its shape after it is deformed, the liquid remaining in contact with the outside of the membrane after use is sucked back in and the membrane is kept moist until the next time the container is used.
Patent IE-39461-B1 (IE)
Title: Off shore structures
IPC: E02B17/02
Filed: 1974-05-20
Abstract: 1477461 Offshore structures KING-WILKINSON Ltd 30 May 1974 [1 June 1973] 26347/73 Heading E1H An offshore structure, e.g. a petroleum exploration or production platform, or an oil tanker mooring, has at least five columns (preferably eight or ten) which diverge and slope outwardly and downwardly to meet the corners of a polygonal tubular base member 1. Bracings 7a, 7b &c between adjacent columns 2 are arranged in zig-zag formation with the junctions on opposite sides of the same column in register. At each junction two bracings meet on each side of the column and at the same angles to the column, thus facilitating production. The top frame 3 has bracings 5, 6, and the tower may also be stiffened by horizontal lattice frames 9, 10. The base 1 may have water jet nozzles to facilitate its settling on the sea bed, and laterally extending plates to give a greater support area and reduce scouring (Fig. 6, not shown). The tower may also be located on the sea bed by piles driven through guide tubes fixed by brackets to lie parallel to the columns 2 (Fig. 5, not shown). The structure may be built in an area excavated to match the shape of the tower (Fig. 8, not shown), or in a dock, or on a slipway. The top frame 3 and base 1 may be fabricated first and the columns and bracings inserted later, preferably using pre-fabricated units comprising a pair of columns and the bracings between them. As shown in Fig. 16, the columns and bracings I-II and V-VI are fitted, then the structure is rotated with the base floating in water in the dock 72, and other units are fitted until the structure is complete as in Fig. 20. Alternatively the structure is fabricated from a series of units each consisting of a frame 81, or base, or horizontal lattice frame 83 (Fig. 21), each with portions of the columns and their bracings. These units may be assembled on a slipway as in Fig. 21, or by adding units successively to the base in its correct orientation. In this case, the base is sunk as assembly proceeds (Fig. 25, not shown).
[GB1477461A]
Patent IE-37909-B1 (IE)
Title: 15-substituted-omega-pentanorprostaglandins
IPC: A61K31/381
Filed: 1973-07-13
Abstract: 1446341 Silylated prostaglandins PFIZER Inc 13 July 1973 [13 July 1972] 31217/73 Heading C3S [Also in Division C2] 11α,15α - Bis - (dimethylisopropylsilyloxy)- 9 - oxo - 16 - (2 - thienyl) - 17,18,19,20 - tetranor - trans - 13 - prostenoic acid is prepared by hydrogenating 11α,15α - bis - (dimethylisopropylsilyloxy) - 9 - oxo - 16 - (2 - thienyl)- 17,18,19,20 - tetranor - cis - 5, trans - 13- prostadienoic acid, obtained by reacting dimethylisopropyl chlorosilane with 11α,15α- dihydroxy - 9 - oxo - 16 - (2 - thienyl) - 17,18, 19,20 - tetranor - cis - 5 trans - 13 - prostadienoic acid.
[GB1446341A]
Patent IE-45150-B1 (IE)
Title: Process for preparing an acetamide derivative
Inventor: CHIGNAC M
IPC: A61K31/16
Filed: 1977-06-21
Abstract: Process for preparing di-n-propyl acetamide of the formula: whereby di-n-propyl acetonitrile is hydrolyzed by means of 80% sulphuric acid aqueous solution in the proportion of 2 to 2.5 g of dilute acid/g of nitrile, at a temperature between 80 DEG C and 130 DEG C to obtain the desired amide.
Patent IE-47561-B1 (IE)
Title: Improved food product
IPC: A23L17/00
Filed: 1978-10-05
Abstract: A process for reducing a fishy smell in a packaged food product containing a fishy ingredient wherein a non-toxic reducing agent in a fishy odor reducing amount is mixed with other ingredients including fish material, to produce a food product, the product is sealed in a container and subjected to heat sterilization within the sealed container.
Patent IE-55975-B1 (IE)
Title: 6-anilino-5,8-quinoxalinediones
IPC: A61K31/495
Filed: 1983-09-28
Abstract: This invention provides for novel quinoxalinedione derivatives, the use of quinoxalinedione derivatives in treating animals suffering from immediate hypersensitivity reactions and conditions characterized by excessive release of leukotrienes, and formulations of the quinoxalinedione derivatives.
[US4486432A]
Patent IE-40118-B1 (IE)
Title: Rodenticides
IPC: C07D471/04
Filed: 1974-11-14
Abstract: 1485804 Rodenticidal application of imidazopyridines ELI LILLY & CO 13 Nov 1974 [15 Nov 1973] 49052/74 Heading A5E A solid rodenticidal composition comprises a nutritive substance and/or an attractant and a fluoroalkyl substituted-1 H-imidazo (4, 5- b) pyridine of the formula: wherein R<SP>1</SP> is CF 3 , CF 2 Cl or CF 2 H; R<SP>2</SP> is H, OH or OR<SP>3</SP> wherein R<SP>3</SP> is a specified substituent; m, n, p and q are specified integers and R<SP>8</SP> is C 1 -C 7 perfluoroalkyl, CF 2 H or CF 2 . CF 2 H. The active ingredient may be used in amount to have a prompt toxic effect or to have a cumulative effect. Mixtures of the imidazopyridines may be used.
[GB1485804A]
Patent IE-60083-B1 (IE)
Title: Surface bonding of ceramic bodies
IPC: C04B35/65
Filed: 1987-09-14
Abstract: Ceramic bodies are bonded by providing a first body formed of polycrystalline material and interconnected residual metal formed by the oxidn. reaction of molten metal and a vapour phase oxidant and grown as molten metal is transported through and then oxidised on the surface of its own oxidn. reaction prod.; holding a second ceramic body against a surface of the first; and heating so that the residual metal content of the first body is transported to the interface where an oxidn. reaction prod. continues to grown as above and forms a bond. - Specifically the metal is Al, oxidant is air and oxidn. reaction prod. is Al2O3. The first body may be formed by infiltrating a filler with oxidn. reaction prod. A barrier material, pref. Ca sulphate, silicate or phosphate or Portland cement, is used to embed and surround all surfaces of the first body except the contacting surface. A body of metal may be placed in contact with another surface of the first body embedded in the barrier material, so that the metal melts and is transported to the bonding interface during the heating step. The second body may have the same ceramic compsn. as the first; it may be made by a different method; or may be of a different compsn. but made by the same method. Pref. the reaction prod. is an oxide, nitride or carbide and the metal is Ti, Si, Zr, Hf or Sn.
Patent IE-50882-B1 (IE)
Title: Subscriber's line interface
IPC: H04Q3/42
Filed: 1980-12-12
Abstract: A telephone subscriber's line interface for a system in which the telephone instrument and the connections therefrom to the exchange use analogue, while the exchange is digital is described, in which electro-mechanical components are eliminated. To achieve this a microprocessor serves a group of lines on a multiplexed basis, responding to conditions of the line as determined via a high impedance monitor and analogue-to-digital conversion means. It also responds to control inputs from the rest of the exchange. In response to the above inputs it controls line feed, signalling, etc. via digital-to-analogue conversion means and a line driver.
Patent IE-56950-B1 (IE)
Title: A circuit breaker apparatus
IPC: H01H71/68
Filed: 1985-11-15
Abstract: A circuit breaker apparatus is provided with remote controlled opening and closing of its circuits and with supports for the mobile and fixed contacts which are adapted so as to promote repulsion forces which produce a limitation of the short circuit currents, in combination with a small mass of the mobile parts, the one supporting a retractable fixed contact being associated by an extension with a slide which is moved by the remote control electromagnet.
[US4899119A]
Patent IE-60868-B1 (IE)
Title: Appliance for injection of liquid formulations
IPC: A61M5/20
Filed: 1987-12-17
Abstract: The portable appliance is of use for the subcutaneous or intradermal injection of a liquid formulation of an active principle and it comprises in combination: a supply vessel for the formulation; an injection needle adapted to communicate with the vessel; pump means for emptying the vessel through the injection needle; securing means for securing the appliance to an appropriate part of the patient's body; and needle-driving means for shooting the injection needle into the patient's skin.
Patent IE-77032-B1 (IE)
Title: Surgical stapler cartridge lockout device
Inventor: FOX WILLIAM D
IPC: A61B19/00
Filed: 1989-11-06
Abstract: A lockout mechanism (90) actuable upon the firing of staples in a surgical staple cartridge (50) such that the lockout mechanism prevents the refiring of the spent staple cartridge when that cartridge remains loaded within the surgical stapler (10). In addition, the lockout mechanism will prevent reloading of a spent staple cartridge within a surgical stapler after the spent staple cartridge has been removed from the surgical stapler.
Patent LU-101534-B1 (LU)
Title: Data enhancement method of malicious node identification in the edge computing
Inventor: XU AIDONG
IPC: G06N3/08
Filed: 2019-12-16
Granted: 2020-04-16
Abstract: This invention discloses Data enhancement method of malicious node identification in the edge computing, which includes collecting channel information dataset of the kth node, generating an input sample set enhanced by average data augmentation algorithm, generating an output sample set by average sample constructing, and constructing new channel information data to training and identification. In the present invention, the correlation between successively collected multi-frame channel information is used to construct a new channel response information vector, that is, to average two or more timeslot channel frequency response vectors to obtain some new channel response vectors. It overcomes the shortcomings of low identification rate caused by insufficient data in channel information extraction, when proceeding the malicious node identification of channel characteristics.
Patent LU-501483-B1 (LU)
Title: Soil reconstruction material and preparation method and application thereof
Inventor: Cao Yingui
IPC: A01G24/17
Filed: 2022-02-16
Granted: 2022-08-16
Abstract: The present disclosure provides a soil reconstruction material and belongs to the technical field of soil reconstruction. According to the present disclosure, the coal gangue from the mining waste in the mining area is used as the soil reconstruction material, such that the surface soil is saved, and meanwhile, the vegetation growth is guaranteed; and the surface soil and the coal gangue are arranged in a layered mode, which facilitates construction. Meanwhile, from the economic perspective, the mining waste is used for manufacturing the soil reconstruction material, which saves more cost; and meanwhile, the problem of waste disposal in the mining area is solved, the influence of insufficient surface soil in the mining area of the eastern grassland on the land reclamation quality can be relieved, and a guarantee is provided for the stability of a fragile grassland ecosystem. Data in the example show that after Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. grows on the soil reconstruction material for 40 days, the height of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. is about 10 cm, the width of leaves is 10 mm, the coverage degree is 90% or above, the drought resistance is obviously improved, and the soil moisture content is obviously higher than that in the comparative example in which only the surface soil is used.
Patent LU-501878-B1 (LU)
Title: Wärmeableitungs-Netzwerk-Gerätegestell für ein großes Gateway
Inventor: TAN XING
IPC: H05K7/20
Filed: 2020-12-29
Granted: 2022-07-11
Abstract: Wobei der Wärmeableitungsrahmen mit einem Wärmeableitungsmechanismus und einem Kühlmechanismus versehen ist, wobei der Wärmeableitungsmechanismus einen Wärmeableitungskasten umfasst, der oberhalb des Wärmeableitungsrahmens befestigt ist, wobei der Wärmeableitungskasten innerhalb an der oberen Seite mit einem Motor versehen ist, wobei der Motor an seinem Ausgangsende ein Gebläse aufweist, wobei der Wärmeableitungsmechanismus an seinem Boden, wo er mit dem Wärmeableitungsrahmens verbunden ist, ein Wärmeableitungsloch aufweist, wobei das Wärmeableitungsloch den Wärmeableitungsrahmen mit dem Inneren des Wärmeableitungskasten verbindet, wobei der Kühlmechanismus einen Wassertank umfasst, der am Boden des Wärmeableitungsrahmens befestigt ist, wobei der Wassertank mit einer Wasserpumpe und dem ersten L-förmigen Wasserrohr im Inneren versehen ist, wobei sich das erste L-förmige Wasserrohr außerhalb des Wassertanks erstreckt und mit dem ersten Serpentinenrohr verbunden ist, wobei das andere Ende des ersten Serpentinenrohr mit dem Querwasserrohr verbunden ist, wobei das Querwasserrohr mit dem zweiten Serpentinenrohr verbunden ist, das sich innerhalb der Wand auf der anderen Seite des Wärmeableitungsrahmens befindet.
Patent LU-502210-B1 (LU)
Title: CTB-Cap fusion protein, its coding gene and application
Inventor: FAN KUOHAI
IPC: C12N15/09
Filed: 2022-06-01
Granted: 2022-12-01
Abstract: This invention belongs to the field of genetic engineering in biotechnology pharmaceutical industry, in particular to a CTB-Cap fusion protein, its coding gene and application. The amino acid sequence of CTB-Cap fusion protein is shown in SEQ ID NO:2. The base sequence of the coding gene of CTB-Cap fusion protein is shown in SEQ ID NO:1. The CTB-Cap fusion protein of the present invention utilizes the advantages of Lactococcus lactis, including safety, nontoxicity, easy cultivation, high efficiency of foreign protein expression, and it does not need to purify the expressed product, etc. This invention expresses the CTB-Cap fusion protein with Lactococcus lactis, which provides a certain theoretical basis for the development of porcine circovirus vaccine.
Patent LU-504247-B1 (LU)
Title: Surface Intelligent Polishing Device
Inventor: ZHOU JUN
IPC: B24B21/02
Filed: 2023-04-03
Granted: 2023-07-31
Abstract: The present application relates to the field of polishing devices, in particular to a surface intelligent polishing device. A clamping device clamps a plurality of machining workpieces to be polished and drives the machining workpieces to autorotate. The interior of a support rod is hollow, and the support rod is communicated with the interior of a linkage cylinder, so that while the support rod slides towards one side away from a sliding plate, the internal pressure of the linkage cylinder is reduced. A guide wheel frame is slidably arranged on the support rod, and communicated with the interior of the support rod, so that while the internal pressure of the support rod is reduced, the guide wheel frame is contracted towards the interior of the support rod. The polishing treatment may be performed on the different sizes of the machining workpieces.
Patent NO-301229-B1 (NO)
Inventor: WHITTAKER MARK
IPC: A61P11/00
Filed: 1993-02-12
Abstract: Compounds of general formula I;  (* CHEMICAL STRUCTURE *) I wherein: A1 is =N-, =CH- or =CR1-; A2 is =N-, =CH- or =CR2-; provided that, when one of A1 and A2 is a nitrogen atom, the other of A1 and A2 is other than a nitrogen atom; wherein the rest of the variables are defined in the specification; and their pharmaceutically and veterinarily acceptable acid addition salts and hydrates are antagonists of platelet activating factor (PAF) and as such are useful in the treatment or amelioration of various diseases or disorders mediated by PAF.
Patent NO-306680-B1 (NO)
Inventor: BROWN DOUGLAS B
IPC: C10B47/22
Filed: 1993-06-02
Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapid heat transfer using surface-to-surface heat transfer of a solid or semi-solid feedstock against an inner surface of a containment vessel. The vessel is torus or helically shaped so that a feedstock (and products) can be conveyed through the vessel at a velocity which sustains the feedstock against the outer periphery of the internal surface of the vessel as it transits the vessel. The reaction vessel can be used for pyrolysis of materials such as waste rubber, municipal solid waste, plastics or papers so as to recover valuable petrochemical-based liquid reaction products as well as solid reaction products. The reaction vessel may also be used for gasification and combustion reactions.
Patent NO-307794-B1 (NO)
Inventor: ES CORNELIS VAN
IPC: C10L1/14
Filed: 1993-09-09
Abstract: The invention provides gasoline compositions and gasoline additive concentrates containing an additive, useful in reducing intake valve deposits, obtained by reacting at least one amine, with a polyalkenyl derivative of a monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C10 dicarboxylic acid material in which the ratio of dicarboxylic acid moieties per polyalkenyl chain is not greater than 1.2:1 and the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polyalkenyl chain is in the range from 1600 to 5000.
Patent NO-319859-B1 (NO)
Inventor: GILLICH VOLKMAR
IPC: F21V7/22
Filed: 1995-11-22
Abstract: An Al surface is anodised to produce a transparent as well as pore free oxide coating having a dielectric constant at 20 degrees C of 6-10.5. The thickness of the coating (d) is dependent on the use as follows: (i) for constructive use, d.n = k lambda /2 plus or minus 20 nm; (ii) for a tinted reflector surface, k lambda /2+20 nm < d.n < (k+l) lambda /2-20 nm; and (iii) for use as starting material to produce high reflection LI:HI multi-layered reflectors, d.n = I lambda /4 plus or minus 20 nm, where n is the refractive index, the average wave length of the light hitting the surface, k is a constant and I is an uneven natural number. The thickness of the coating is 60-490 nm and the thickness fluctuation over the whole surface is not more than 5%.