baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-490283-A (GB)
Title: Process for colouring cellulose esters or ethers
IPC: C08L1/08
Filed: 1936-12-11
Abstract: Cellulose ester or ether threads, films, foils, ribbons, hairs, and other articles are coloured throughout their mass by introducing into the cellulosic material of which the articles are to be made, a coupling component and an organic substance capable of yielding a diazo compound of a fast base by a simple treatment with an acid, alkali, or steam, or even spontaneously, and then developing the colouring matter at any time before, during, or after the manufacture of the cellulose derivative articles.  The colour - producing substances may be added to the cellulose derivative when the latter is in the dissolved, peptised, swollen, or solid state.  Naphthols or naphthol derivatives may be used as coupling components.  Diazo-amino compounds, stabilized diazonium salts, diazo-sulphonates, and anti-diazotates or nitrosamines, may be used as diazogene compounds. The coupling component and the diazogene compound may be dissolved in a solvent which is also a solvent for the cellulose derivative.  The latter may be added to the solution, and the colour then developed. If the solution is too strongly coloured it may be mixed with an uncoloured solution. Pyridine, lower amines of the aliphatic series, or other solvents of basic character may be used.  In an example, a mixture of the sodium salt of 3-diethyl - sulphamide - 5 - ethoxybenzene- 1 - azosarcosine and of the corresponding quantity of the p-chlor-o-toluidide of 2 : 3-oxynaphthoic acid is made into a paste with diethylene glycol and ammonia solution.  The paste is diluted with acetone and added to a solution of cellulose acetate in acetone.  The solution is kneaded until the colouring matter is produced.  The solution may be cast, moulded, or spun to form shaped articles coloured a bright rose shade fast to light and soap.  In another example, cellulose acetate soluble in acetone is impregnated with a swelling solution consisting of pyridine, ammonia, water, and a mixture of 4-benzoyl-amino-2,5-diethoxybenzene-1-azo (piperidine-3-sodium sulphonate), and o-toluidide of 2,3-hydroxy-anthracene carboxylic acid.  The cellulose acetate is centrifuged, dried, and then treated with acetic acid, sulphuric acid, and sodium sulphate.  It is washed, dried, and mixed with uncoloured cellulose acetate and dissolved in acetone.  The solution is used for making threads, films, hairs, and other objects coloured a green-blue shade fast to boiling.  In another example, cellulose acetate in pyridine is mixed with an alkali stable compound obtained by reacting the diazo derivative of 1-amino-4-benzoylamino-2,5-diethoxy-benzene with sodium sulphanilate in presence of sodium phthalate and adding o-naphthilide of 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid.  The solution is precipitated in a solution of acetic acid.  The product is mixed with uncoloured cellulose acetate and used for the production of threads, films, and other articles coloured a blue-violet shade.
Patent GB-940305-A (GB)
Title: Catalytic reduction of aromatic mononitro compounds
IPC: B01J21/04
Filed: 1961-09-25
Abstract: Compounds of the general formula: <FORM:0940305/C2/1> wherein X is an alkyl substituent of 1 to about 18 carbon atoms and n has a value 0 to 5 are reduced in the liquid phase and in the absence of added solvent to the corresponding amino compound with hydrogen in the presence of a noble metal catalyst of the platinum group having a surface area of at least 150 sq. in./gm at 25 DEG  to 125 DEG C. while maintaining the water of reaction as a well dispersed separate liquid phase in the reaction zone during the reaction.  The reaction may be carried out in a batchwise manner but is preferably carried out continuously by continuously introducing the nitro compound, catalyst and hydrogen into the reaction zone, continuously withdrawing amino reduction product at a rate equal to the feed input of the reactants, and withdrawing water of reaction from the reaction zone only as amino product is withdrawn. Specified nitrobenzenes which may be used as starting material are nitrobenzene, orthonitrotoluene, para-nitrotoluene, orthonitro ethyl benzene, para-nitro ethyl benzene, the nitroxylenes e.g. 4-nitro-o-xylene, 5-nitro-m-xylene and 2-nitro-p-xylene, nitro(2)-mesitylene, 5-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetramethyl benzene and 3-nitro-1,2,4,5-tetramethy benzene.  The catalyst is usually employed on a suitable carrier, e.g. carbon or alumina, in a concentration of from 0.1% to 10% by weight based on the weight of the support.  The reaction may be carried out pressures from atmospheric to 150 p.s.i.g. or even higher. U.S.A.  Specifications 1,111,502, 1,174,245,2,292,879 and 2,458,214 are referred to.
Patent GB-999134-A (GB)
Title: Poly (phenylene oxide)s
Inventor: GOLDEN JOHN HENRY
IPC: C08G65/38
Filed: 1960-10-05
Abstract: Alkali metal 4-halogeno-phenoxides are prepared by treating an ethanolic solution of the 4-halogenophenol with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide.  Silver 4-halogeno phenoxides may in general be formed from an aqueous solution of alkali metal 4-halogenophenoxide by treatment with aqueous silver nitrate.  The preparation should be carried out in the dark.ALSO:Poly-(p-phenylene oxide) and substituted derivatives thereof are prepared by heating a metal 4-halogeno-phenoxide to 150 DEG  C. or higher, in a ketonic solvent boiling at 150 DEG  C. or higher. Preferred substituents are halogens, e.g. chlorine or bromine. Metals mentioned are sodium, potassium and silver.  Solvents mentioned are benzophenone and cyclohexanone.  The presence of iodine may increase the yield of some polymers.  Production of the following specific polymers is referred to: poly-(p-phenylene oxide); poly - (2 - chloro - p - phenylene oxide); poly - (2 - bromo - p - phenylene oxide); poly-(2,5 - dichloro - p - phenylene oxide); poly-(2,6-dichloro - p - phenylene oxide); poly - (2,6 -dibromo - p - phenylene oxide); poly - (2,3,6-trichloro - p - phenylene oxide); poly - (2,3,5,6-tetrabromo - p - phenylene oxide); poly - (2,3, 5,6 - tetrachloro - p - phenylene oxide) Poly-(4,41-diphenylene oxide) and derivatives thereof may be similarly prepared, e.g. poly-(4,41-diphenylene oxide) from potassium 4-(41-bromophenyl)-phenoxide by refluxing it in benzophenone, or poly-(3,5-dibromo-4,41-diphenylene oxide) from potassium 4-(41-bromophenyl)-2,6-dibromophenoxide.
Patent GB-1025277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in method of treating carbon black
IPC: C09C1/56
Filed: 1963-08-29
Abstract: Carbon black is ground or milled with hardsurfaced objects in the presence of at least 0.05% of an alkali or alkaline earth metal compounds in an oxidizing atmosphere, e.g. air or O2. The compound is preferably a salt of a weak acid, e.g. a carbonate, borate, or acetate; but hydroxides and salts of strong acids may also be used. The black may be furnace black obtained from liquid aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. petroleum residues or tars, or channel, thermal, or acetylene black. Temperatures of 65-700 DEG  F. are used.  Rotary or vibrating ball milling, using metal balls of diameter 1/16-2 inches, may be employed, the ratio of balls to charge being 25:1 to 350:1. Rod milling, using steel rods, or hammer milling are also suitable or the black may be predensed and passed through a rolling mill as described in Specification 813,762.  The black and compound may be premixed or added separately to the mill, e.g. in a continuous process.  A suitable vibratory mill comprises a ball chamber, supported by helical springs, and vibrated by means of eccentric mechanisms at each end, which may be out of phase.  The period of vibration may be 500-5,000 oscillations/min., and the amplitude of vibration, 1/8-3/4 inch.  Examples describe a product having volatile content 3.2-4.8%, oil absorption 6.9-9.0 gals./100 lbs., BET surface area 120-127 m2/g., and pH 9.1-9.9.ALSO:Natural or synthetic rubber is compounded with carbon black which has been milled with an alkali or alkaline earth metal compound, e.g. K2CO3.ALSO:Carbon black is ground or milled with hard orifaced objects in the presence of at least 0.05% of an alkali or alkaline earth metal compound in an oxidizing atmosphere.  Rotary or vibratory ball milling, using metal balls or diameter 1/16 -2 inches, may be employed, the ratio of balls to change being 25 : 1 to 350 : 1.  Rod milling, using steel rods, or hammer milling, are also suitable, or the black may be predensed and passed through a rolling mill as described in Specification 813,162. A suitable vibratory mill comprises a ball chamber, supported by helical springs, and vibrated by means of eccentric mechanisms at each end, which may be out of phase.  The period of vibration may be 500-5,000 oscillations/min, and the amplitude of vibration, 1/8 -\ba3/4 inch.  The black and compound may be premixed or added separately to the mill, e.g. in a continuous process. The compound is preferably a salt of a weak acid, e.g. a carbonate, borate or acetate; but hydroxides and salts of stony acids may also be used. The black may be furnace, channel, thermal, or acetylene black. Temperatures of 65-700 DEG F. are used.
Patent GB-349474-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vacuum operated devices for vehicles
IPC: B60S1/10
Filed: 1929-11-09
Abstract: 349,474. Windscreen wipers. TRICO PRODUCTS CORPORATION, 817, Washington Street, Buffalo, New York, U.S.A. Nov. 9, 1929, No. 34294. Convention date, Sept. 26. [Class 138 (i).] A vacuum pump has an inlet valve 32 and an outlet valve 34, and is connected on the inlet side by a pipe 21 to a vacuum-operated device such as a windscreen wiper, and on the outlet side by a pipe 22 to the manifold of an internalcombustion engine. If the manifold suction is sufficient to work the wiper, the piston 26 of the pump 24 is drawn by the suction out of contact with the actuating lever 15 and does not function. If the manifold suction is insufficient, a spring 2 lifts the piston up to the lever and the pump then operates to assist the manifold suction. If the manifold suction is excessive, the piston is drawn down sufficiently to cause a valve on the piston to throttle the passage 33.
Patent GB-760599-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to silicone rubber compositions
Filed: 1953-12-10
Abstract: A coating composition having improved flame-retardant properties comprises an organopolysiloxane heat-convertible to the solid elastic state and, by weight of the polysiloxane, 5 to 100 per cent of a finely-divided glass having a fusion point within the range 450 DEG to 850 DEG  C. and 25 to 300 per cent of an inorganic filler other than glass, e.g. diatomaceous earth, titania, calcium carbonate, silica aerogel, iron oxide and lithopone.  "Properties of Glass" by G. W. Morey (New York, 1938), at pages 85, 170 and 171, discloses suitable glasses.  The composition desirably contains 0.1 to 6 per cent by weight of the polysiloxane of benzoyl peroxide or tertiary butyl perbenzoate. The composition per se or in admixture with a solvent such as toluene, benzene or xylene, may be coated on to glass cloth, asbestos cloth, quartz cloth and cured (see Group VIII).  The products find use as heater ducts, insulation and flaps in connection with tents intended to house stoves whose chimneys have exits through the top of the tent.  An example is given. Specifications 594,481, [Group IV], 618,453 and 640,067 are referred to.
Patent GB-1512376-A (GB)
Title: Wired broadcasting systems
IPC: H04N7/173
Filed: 1974-08-06
Abstract: 1512376 Programme exchange systems COMMUNICATIONS PATENTS Ltd 30 July 1975 [6 Aug 1974] 34512/74 Heading H4R In a programme exchange system, a two stage selection process is performed by a subscriber to gain access to some of the programmes. The system is essentially a television distribution system including an exchange, figure 2, to which each subscriber is connected by a four wire line including a programme pair 4, 5 and a control pair 2, 3. In a first embodiment the exchange includes three multiple programme sources 19-21 and each subscriber is provided with a three-position changeover switch 9 for selecting a respective one of the sources. In the position shown the changeover switch does not connect a potential source to either programme wire 4, 5 and both transistor circuits 26, 28 at the exchange remain inoperative to connect the subscribers selected to the programme source 19. The subscriber can then use a known dialling arrangement to control the position of his selector at the exchange to couple him with one of the programme wires 22-25 of source 19. Moving the changeover switch to a second position applies a positive potential to programme wire 5 to turn on transistor 45 and operate relay 46 to connect the subscribers selector to the programme wires of source 20. The third programme source is likewise selected by moving the changeover switch from its second to its third position transistor circuit 28 then being operated over wire 4. In an alternative embodiment (Figure 4, not shown) the changeover switch selection of the exchange programme source is replaced by an arrangement using single frequency tones in the range (30-500) KHz, the subscriber being provided with a keyboard for selecting the programme source 19-21. One of the programme sources may be a digi-TV machine in which a multi track magnetic drum or disc carries on each track a recording of one television picture frame. Such a machine may be associated with a computer store from which a piece of information selected by the subscriber may be transferred onto one of the tracks. For information to be used by one or a small group of subscribers, a 'dedicated' programme output can be provided as disclosed in Specification No 1,420,628.
Patent GB-812468-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the recording and reproduction of signals produced by television means
IPC: G11B17/16
Filed: 1956-11-12
Abstract: 812,468. Television. ZEISS IKON A.G. Nov. 12, 1956 [Nov. 10, 1955], No. 34547/56. Class 40 (3). [Also in Group XXXVIII] An apparatus for magnetically recording and reproducing television signals so that pictures may be viewed in slow motion or as time-lapse pictures or as single views, comprises a magnetic storage drum rotated at picture frame frequency, and recording and reproducing heads moved in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the drum in such a manner that each recorded picture is scanned at least twice by the reproducing head. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment in which signals from an X-ray camera are fed through an amplifier channel 13 to a recording head 3 moved parallel to the axis of the drum 2 by a control unit 11 which also controls the amplifier channel 13 through preamplifier 18. The channel 13 thereby becomes operative for the duration of a sequence in a case when a record trace is made spirally on the drum 2, but only for the duration of each picture frame when recording time-lapse pictures and single pictures on separate parallel tracks. In the latter cases each picture may be viewed as long as required by holding the reproducing head stationary at each track. Similarly, when recording fastmoving sequences, separate pictures, as with time-lapse pictures, are recorded on parallel tracks separated by a track width, in which case the head must be transferred from track to track during the time taken by the blanking pulses which are applied via lead 16. The amount of slowing up during reproducing is varied in accordance with the number of times each frame is scanned by the reproducing head. The difficulty of rapidly moving the heads during the blanking pulses may be avoided by recording spirally, but has the disadvantage that when reducing the traverse of the reproducing head to produce slow-motion a flicker is produced by the fading of adjacent pictures. When the head is almost stationary a picture facing between two alternate tracks is reproduced. The picture frequency cannot be increased as in cinematography technique, but flickering can be reduced by using an interlaced system in conjunction with two reproducing heads whereby half-picture images are reproduced at double the frequency. The embodiment envisages practical dimensions of 3 for the gaps of the heads and drum diameter of 38 cm. giving a circumferential speed of 30 m/sec. Specification 797,620 is referred to.
Patent GB-512213-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of high pressure containers
IPC: F17C1/04
Filed: 1938-11-29
Abstract: 512,213. Making compound pressurecontainers. DORTMUND-HOERDER HUTTENVEREIN AKT.-GES. Nov. 29, 1938, No. 34726. Convention date, Dec. 14, 1937. Drawings to Specification. [Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv)] In a method of making high pressure containers, a number of longitudinally-welded or seamless hollow bodies composed of sheet metal plates are superimposed and after subsequent heating to. forging heat are shaped by forging, rolling or drawing in such a manner that the individual layers are rigidly welded to each other so that they cohere and behave like an homogeneous body. The inner layer may be of corrosion resisting or heat resisting alloy. In a modified form, the end-portions only of the individual layers are welded together.
Patent GB-760954-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to score or other information display boards particularly for cricket and other games
IPC: A63B71/06
Filed: 1953-12-15
Abstract: 760,954. Scoring-boards. MEESON, E. March 15, 1955 [Dec. 15, 1953], No. 34888/53. Class 132(2). [Also in Group XVIII] The " units " and " tens " of a cricket &c. score are each marked on a flexible band 4 carried in a casing by upper and lower rollers 5, 10, the former carrying or being formed with a pulley 8 over which passes an endless belt 9 a lower loop 9a of which depends through a slot 1a in the bottom wall of the casing. Hand operation of the loop 9a causes the desired digit to appear in an opening in the front wall of the casing. The lower roller 10 is free to move vertically in vertical guides 12 which can be adjusted laterally by bolts 14 and clamping plates 13. The "hundreds " are scored by hook-on plates. The casing contains three pairs of bands, one for the total score, and one for the score of each of the current batsmen.
Patent GB-805420-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of spraying metal
IPC: C23C4/12
Filed: 1955-12-06
Abstract: 805,420. Spraying metal. BRENNAN, J. B. Dec. 6, 1955, No. 34948/55. Addition to 741,082. Class 69 (3). The method described in the parent Specification is modified by superheating the fused metal under pressure before discharging it under pressure from one or more nozzles.
Patent GB-469315-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to illuminated display signs
IPC: G09F13/00
Filed: 1935-12-17
Abstract: 469,315. Changing signs. STAHL, F. Dec. 17, 1935, No. 34966. Convention date, April 24. [Class 3 (i)] A colour-changing sign comprises a stationary casing a in the display side of which letters &c. c in the form of bulging or three-dimensional elements are mounted. Within the casing rotates an internally-illuminated polygonal colour drum d, the faces of which consist of uneven, diffusing glass plates w of different colours. The letter &c. elements c may be hollow and may contain liquid.
Patent GB-1154734-A (GB)
Title: Disc Brake
IPC: F16D65/14
Filed: 1966-08-04
Abstract: 1,154,734. Disc brakes. BENDIX CORP. 4 Aug., 1966 [11 Aug., 1965], No. 35009/66. Heading F2E. A spot-type disc brake comprises a fixed support member 10 mounted adjacent one side of a disc 12, a floating closed-loop frame 14 lying chordally of the disc and pivoted on one end of a link 20 by a pin 28, which link also lies chordally of the disc and has its other end pivoted to an anchor bolt 38 secured to the support member, an hydraulic actuator 54 carried by the frame and adapted to apply a first pad assembly 70 to one disc face and to reactively move the frame 14 to apply a second pad assembly 80 mounted on the frame against the other disc face, and a lever 19 pivoted at one end by a pin 22 to the frame and operatively connected to the first pad assembly at its other end, which end is interposed the pad assembly and actuator, said lever and actuator having abutting thrust surfaces 66, 68, which are curved and flat, respectively, and arranged so that the point of contact of said surfaces moves in a circumferential direction towards the pivot pin 22 as the pad assemblies wear. The anchor bolt 38 passes through over-sized slots 36, 34 in the frame and lever preventing their engagement with the bolt at all times. Due to the disposition of the lever and aided by the inclination of the actuator, the brake has a self-energizing action with drum rotation in the direction of arrow A, the lever 19 having a tendency to be carried along with disc and producing a selfenergizing brake action. Drag forces on both pad assemblies are transmitted by the frame, through the link 20 to the anchor bolt 38. The increasing self-energizing effect of lever 19 due to the increasing effective length of the moment arm between pivot pin 22 and the first pad assembly as the pad assemblies wear is prevented by the suitable disposition of the lever pivot pin 22 and the curvature of the thrust surfaces 68 whereby the same applying force of the actuator produces the same total braking torque on the disc regardless of pad assembly wear. In a further embodiment, Fig. 4 (not shown), parking or emergency braking is provided for by the incorporation of a pivoted lever 100 engageable with the thrust lever to apply the brake.
Patent GB-307565-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to retort-house governors
IPC: C10B27/06
Filed: 1927-12-24
Abstract: 307,565. Glover, W. T., and Meters, Ltd. DecÀ. 24,1927. Pressure regulating valves.-Variable loading means for the bell or diaphragm of a retort-house governor comprises a tank a arranged on the beam b, and connected by tubing c with a threeway valve d controlling the admission of water from a main f, and its outflow through a pipe g, whereby the amount of water in the tank a may be adjusted. Distant control of the device is effected through a flexible wire or the like i actuated by a handle m, suitable indicating means n being provided.
Patent GB-1189125-A (GB)
Title: Stress Testing Apparatus
Inventor: BAKER BERNARD STUART
IPC: G01N3/16
Filed: 1966-08-05
Abstract: 1,189,125. Tension measuring electrically. COURTAULDS Ltd. Aug. 4, 1966 [Aug. 5, 1966], No. 35108/66. Heading G1N In testing apparatus for stressing a filament 12 and comprising, for example, a load cell 1 to which the filament 12 is attached via a clamp 8, and a second clamp 9 applying tension to the filament under the action of a motor-driven threaded shaft 11, the initial tension is stored by a signal passed through a filter 2 and amplifier 3 to a capacitor C1, and a final desired tension is achieved by changing over switch contacts B1, B2, B3 so that a preset voltage at 5 representing the desired increase is added to the stored signal and their sum compared at 6 with the load cell output to sense equality. A motor 10 operates to increase tension until the comparator output indicates equality of its inputs. The filter 2 reduces noise in the load cell output and the amplifier 3 has a unity gain. The potentiometer 4 has a standard voltage E1 applied across it. Closure of switch A1 at the start of a test to connect the load cell 1 to the filter 2, also causes another switch (not shown) to initiate a timing circuit which changes over the switches B1, B2, B3 when the capacitor C1 has had time to store the initial tension signal. Changeover of the switches B1, B2, B3, is accompanied by energization of the motor 10 (by means not shown).