Patent EA-002996-B1 (EA)
Title: Method for padding ground below a dust using excavated soil, device for realizing the same, equipment for compacting soil below a dust and soil-compacting mechanism
Inventor: BYKOV ALEXANDR V
IPC: E02F7/02
Filed: 1998-06-26
Abstract: 1. A method of padding ground below a duct using excavated soil, including picking-up excavated soil (2), soil transporting in the direction from excavated soil dump (2) to trench (4) with duct (1), soil deposition in trench (4) from both sides of duct (1) up to filling with soil of, at least, space (5) below duct (1) and soil compacting, at least, in the space (5) below duct (1), soil compacting organs (104, 105) applying a force on the soil during continuous displacement over the soil surface along duct (1) of one or two vehicles (6) carrying soil feeding (13), transport (14) and soil compacting (104, 105) organs, characterised in that vehicle (6) carrying, at least, soil compacting organs (104, 105) is moved over soil surface of ground path (16) which is formed by means of soil feeding organ (13) during feeding of excavated soil (2) and a force is applied by soil compacting organs (104, 105) on soil previously deposited in trench (4). 2. A method according to claim 1 characterised in that one vehicle is used, which is made in the form of base frame (6) to which soil feeding (13), transport (14) and soil compacting (104, 105) organs are hung. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that a part of excavated soil (2) is used for formation of above ground path (16). 4. A method according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that in formation of ground path (16) its grading in the transverse direction is performed by skewing soil feeding organ ( 13) in a plane which is normal to its displacement direction. 5. A method according to claim 4, characterised in that transverse gradient of ground path (16) is set equal in value and opposite in direction to angle of skewing of vehicle (6) relative to surface of ground path (16) as a result of non-uniform subsidence of soil under its travelling unit (7). 6. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that part of soil from transport organ (14) is discharged on ground strip located between travelling unit (7) of vehicle (6) and trench (4). 7. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the force is applied to the soil for its compacting in a cyclic manner; in this case in each cycle of compacting working elements (171) of soil compacting organs (104, 105) are moved in a plane which is normal to the displacement direction of vehicle (6), in the downward direction and towards each other, while between the compacting cycles working elements (171) are moved in the displacement direction of vehicle (6). 8. A method according to claim 7, characterised in that above working elements (171) in the above plane being rotated in the direction in which the angle (.beta.) which they define becomes smaller. 9. A method according to claim 7, characterised in that during movement of working elements (171) in the direction of displacement of vehicle (6) they are, at least, partially, withdrawn from the soil. 10. A method according to claim 9, characterised in that with the design force on working elements (171), their actual position is determined, which is compared with the appropriate design position, and proceeding from the comparison results, the level of filling trench (4) with soil is preserved, or increased or lowered. 11. A method according to claim 7 characterised in that the soil is deposited in trench (4) up to the level which is higher than the level required for padding ground below duct (1), while displacement of working elements (171) in the direction of displacement of vehicle (6) is performed with working elements (171) lowered into the soil. 12. A method according to claim 11, characterised in that with the design force on working elements (171), their actual position is determined, which is compared with their appropriate design position, and proceeding from comparison results, the level of lifting of working elements (171) is preserved, or increased or lowered. 13. A method according to claim 7, characterised in that soil compacting is performed at a constant maximal force on working elements (171) and specific compacting pitch. 14. A method according to claim 7 characterised in that the specific compacting pitch is increased when increasing the maximal force on the working elements (171), and vice versa. 15. A method according to claim 14, characterised in that the maximal force on working elements (171) is increased in the case of skewing of vehicle (6) carrying equipment (10) for compacting soil below duct (1) in the direction of trench (4) and vice versa. 16. A device for padding ground below a duct using excavated soil, including, at least, one vehicle (6) with travelling unit (7) for displacement over the ground surface, which carries equipment (9) for filling trench (4) with duct (1) with excavated soil (2), including soil feeding (13) and transport (14) organs and device (12, 64) for lifting-lowering soil feeding organ (13) relative to vehicle (6), and equipment (10) for soil compacting below duct (1) including soil compacting mechanism (103) with drive soil compacting organs (104, 105) and device (106) for hanging soil compacting mechanism (103) by means of which it is hung to vehicle (6) with the capability of forced displacement and rigid fastening relative to it in a plane normal to the direction of its displacement, characterised in that soil feeding organ (13) is located from end face of travelling unit (6) and is wider, than the latter, device (106) for hanging soil compacting mechanism (103) is fitted with disconnection mechanism (153) for cyclic displacement of soil compacting organs (104, 105) relative to vehicle (6) in its displacement direction, soil compacting organs (104, 105) being made of rammer-type and located behind the zone of soil discharging from transport organ ( 14) in the displacement direction of vehicle (6). 17. A device according to claim 16, characterised in that equipment (9) for filling trench (4) with duct (1) with excavated soil (2), is fitted with device (70) for forced rotation of soil feeding organ (13) relative to vehicle (6) in a plane which is normal to the direction of displacement of the latter. 18. A device according to claim 16, characterised in that equipment (9) for filling trench (4) with duct (1) with excavated soil (2) is made, at least, with two outlets (78) for soil, the distance between which in the horizontal direction normal to the displacement direction of vehicle (6) is larger than diameter of duct (1). 19. A device according to claim 16, characterised in that device (106) for hanging soil compacting mechanism (103) to vehicle (6), includes connected to each other mechanisms for forced lifting-lowering (108), transverse displacement (109) and rotation (110) of soil compacting mechanism (103). 20. A device according to claim 16, characterised in that soil feeding (13), transport (14) and soil compacting (104, 105) organs are hung to one vehicle (6) made in the form of base frame (6). 21. Equipment for soil compacting below a duct, including soil compacting mechanism (103) and device (106) for hanging soil compacting mechanism (103) to vehicle (6), including integrated mechanism (107) for forced displacement and rigid fastening of soil compacting mechanism (103) relative to vehicle (6) in a plane normal to its displacement direction, characterised in that it is fitted with disconnection mechanism (153) for cyclic displacement of soil compacting organs (104, 105) relative to vehicle (6) in its displacement direction, which includes a kinematic joint which is connected into a sequence of kinematic elements of the above integrated mechanism (107) and has some degree of mobility in a plane parallel to the displacement direction of vehicle (6). 22. Equipment according to claim 21, characterised in that the above integrated mechanism (107) includes connected to each other mechanisms for forced lifting-lowering (108), transverse displacement (109) and rotation (110) of soil compacting mechanism (103). 23. Equipment according to claims 21 or 22, characterised in that the above kinematic joint (154) of disconnection mechanism (153) is made in the form of hinge (154) with axis of rotation located in a plane normal to the displacement direction of vehicle (6). 24. Equipment according to claim 23, characterised in that the above axis of rotation is located horizontally. 25. Equipment according to claim 21, characterised in that disconnection mechanism (153) is fitted with, at least, one elastic element (157) connected to rigid elements (140, 155) which are connected to each other by above hinge (154) and form a kinematic pair. 26. Equipment according to claim 21, characterised in that disconnection mechanism (153) is fitted with power drive (200) of longitudinal feed connected to rigid elements (197, 149) which are connected to each other by above hinge (199) and form a kinematic pair. 27. Equipment according to claim 21, characterised in that integrated mechanism (107) is made in the form of lifting boom (111) which with its root (112) by means of first hinge (113) and power drive of lifting-lowering (135) is connected to mounted on frame (8) of vehicle (6) support (114), and arm (138) which with its first end (139) by means of kinematic joint which includes second hinge (141) and power drive of transverse displacement (142), is connected to head part (140) of lifting boom (111), and by its second end (147) by means of third hinge (148) and power drive of rotation (150) is connected to soil compacting mechanism (103), in this case above kinematic pair of disconnection mechanism (153) includes boom head part (140) and shackle (155) which is connected to first end (139) of arm (138) by means of above second hinge (141). 28. Soil compacting mechanism including base (149), which carries drive soil compacting organs (104, 105), each of which includes connecting rod (170) with working elements (171) at its lower end, lower lever (172) which by first hinge (173) is connected to connecting rod (170), and