Patent GB-758005-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the ornamentation of textile fabrics
Inventor: PARKER CHARLES SCHWABE
IPC: D06C23/04
Filed: 1953-08-11
Abstract: Compositions used as fixing agents in the treatment of textile fabric (see Group VIII) are as follows: (i) 50 parts of an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl chloride (30 per cent solids), 20 parts of tricresyl phosphate emulsion, 2 parts of a pigment prepared by coupling diazotized m-nitro-p-toluidine with acetoacetic-anilide, 25 parts of water and 10 parts of ammonium polymethacrylate; (ii) 25 parts of a partially condensed urea formaldehyde resin, 2 parts of a copper phthalocyanine pigment, 2 parts of diammonium phosphate, 70 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose thickening and 125 parts of water; (iii) 10 parts of a methylated trimethylol melamine resin, 4 parts of a copper phthalocyanine pigment, 0.75 parts of ammonium thiocyanate, 35 parts of tragacanth thickening and 50 parts of water; (iv) 30 parts of a non-drying oil-modified urea-formaldehyde modified glycerol phthalate resin, 10 parts of a non-drying oil modified glycerol phthalate resin and 1 part of the red pigment 1-sulpho-b -naphthalene-azo-b -naphthol. Specifications 372,803, 400,950, 402,087 and 529,579, [all in Group VIII], are referred to.ALSO:Textile fabric is ornamented by compressively shrinking the fabric in length over its whole width beyond its normal relaxed and dimensionally stable length and to a degree such that the fabric will extend when wetted, fixing the shrinkage in selected regions, and releasing shrinkage in the unfixed regions by wetting the fabric, which is subsequently dried.  The process is applicable to any textile fabric; cotton, regenerated cellulose, linen, wool, cellulose acetate, nylon and polyethylene terephthalate are referred to.  In one process, non-thermoplastic fabric is subjected to the following treatment:-(a) a heat-setitng fixing agent, e.g. a thermosetting resin, is applied in patterns, (b) the whole fabric is compressively overshrunk, (c) the fixing agent is set by baking, (d) the unfixed regions are relaxed by wetting the whole fabric and (e) the fabric is dried.  As variants on this process, the fabric may be partially or completely dried between steps (a) and (b); resin may be applied in an organic solvent between steps (b) and (c); resin may be applied over the whole fabric and set in selected areas only, e.g. between heated rollers bearing raised designs, the relaxation wetting then washing out the unset resin; the fixing agent may contain dyes; instead of a heat-setting fixing agent, a thermoplastic resin in solution or emulsion or a cellulose compound in an organic solvent may be used, shrinking being effected before the fixing agent dries. The fabric may be dyed at the wetting stage.  A glaze may be imparted to the fixed regions during fixing, or it may be imparted to the whole fabric during shrinking, being subsequently removed from the non-fixed areas during washing.  Patterns in the form of stripes, diamonds and squares are mentioned.  In an example, a white cotton or spun rayon fabric is printed in stripes with a composition consisting of a partially-condensed urea-formaldehyde resin, a copper phthalocyanine pigment, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water.  The fabric is dried and over-shrunk, baked at 300 DEG F, for 3 minutes to cure the resin, wetted in water and dried.  It then has blue flat stripes alternating with white crimped stripes. Alternative fixing agents are (i) a methylated trimethylol melamine resin, pigment, ammonium thiocyanate, tragacanth and water and (ii) a non-drying oil modified urea-formaldehyde modified glycerol phthalate resin, a non-drying oil modified glycerol phthalate resin, and pigment.  In another example, a cotton or spun rayon fabric is printed with a composition consisting of nitrocellulose, acetone, dioctyl phthalate and pigment. Before the composition dries the fabric is compressively over-shrunk; the composition is then allowed to dry, and the fabric is wetted with water and dried.  Alternative compositions are (i) cellulose acetate, acetone, dimethyl phthalate and pigment and (ii) an aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl chloride, trieresyl phosphate.  Emulsion, pigment, water and ammonium polymethacrylate.  Specifications 372,803, 400,950, 402,087 and 529,579 [all in Group VIII] are referred