Patent GB-965190-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic controls
IPC: F16H61/16
Filed: 1963-01-29
Abstract: 965,190. Change-speed control. CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO. Jan. 29, 1963 [March 19, 1962], No. 3560/63. Heading F2D. A pressure control valve unit for an hydraulic system producing two proportionally related operating pressures, particularly the pressures R 0 , S 0 , Fig. 6, for operating the range and speed gearshift clutches or brakes of a vehicle change-speed gear, comprises a modulating relief valve 29 receiving fluid from a pressure source and diverting a portion of the flow from the unit, and a proportioning reducing valve 31 receiving the undiverted flow from the modulating valve and delivering fluid at a reduced functionally related pressure to an output conduit. Control system.-As shown an engine driven pump 11 supplies pressure fluid to the valve unit 19 which incorporates the modulating valve 29, reducing valve 31 and a safety valve 28, the valve 29 having a by-pass 32 to a torque converter and operating to supply fluid at pressure R 0  through pipe line 27 to a set of range clutches 4, 5, 6 controlled by a selector valve 14, while valve 31 supplies fluid at the reduced pressure S 0  through pipeline 26 to a set of speed clutches controlled by a second selector valve 18. Fig. 1 shows the valves in the gear neutral setting, while Fig. 3 shows them closed by their loading springs 34, 54, 64 when pump 11 is inoperative. Operation.-In the neutral setting pressure fluid from inlet pipe 23 passes to a chamber 42 in valve spool 33 housing an axial slug 37, which in conjunction with a damping valve 43, spring 34 and an annular orifice 41a in the outlet 32 serve to maintain a substantially constant pressure in chamber 50. Under operating conditions this pressure fluid passes by passages 60 to reducing valve 31, and by passage 76 to open safety valve 28 and condition pipe line 27. The spool 53 of valve 31 houses an axial slug 57 and is partially surrounded by a chamber 83 in communication with pipe line 26, the relationship between the pressures in lines 26, 27 being governed by the diameter of slug 57 and characteristics of loading spring 54. Upon operating the spools of selector valves 14, 18 to effect a gearshift (t 1 , Fig. 6) the pressure in line 23 falls from the steady state value to the clutch filling pressure, as does the pressure in passage 50 and chambers 42, 58, so that both valve spools 33, 53 move to the left. As the range clutch fills pressure builds up in chamber 58 to move spool 53 to the right and allow the selected speed clutch to fill. When filled pressure builds up in chamber 61 urging a floating check valve 88 to the right to close an exhaust connection 81, giving a pressure build up behind piston 36 which is urged to the left to the position shown in Fig. 1. As the piston moves to the left spring 34 is compressed causing spool 33 to move in the same direction with accompanying rise of pressure in the selected range clutch due to closing of orifice 41a, the speed clutch pressure rising correspondingly until the previous steady state conditions are attained (t 3 -t 4 , Fig. 6). If the flow from pump 11 is cut off for a period exceeding that of a normal gearshift, fluid flows out through an orifice in an axial poppet valve 71 in safety valve 28 to allow spool 66 to move to the left and thus close the valve, thus requiring a shift to neutral before gear can be re-engaged. This ensures that the vehicle can only be started in neutral. Specification 954,339 is referred to.