Patent GB-191409816-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Aeroplanes.
Inventor: LAWRENCE GEORGE RAYMOND
IPC: B64C1/00
Filed: 1914-04-21
Granted: 1915-05-21
Abstract: 9816. Lawrence, G. R. April 21,1913, [Convention date]. Aerial machines without aerostats; b a l a n c i n g ; cars; planes, arrangement of ; propelling. - I n a n aeroplane of the monoplane type, the body is long and narrow so as to act as a keel and the load, comprising the engine and pilot, is arranged near the bottom of the body so as to give a low centre of gravity to the machine and improve its lateral stability. The body 1 tapers from front to rear and is formed of a frame covered at its lower sides 2 with waterproof material and at its upper parts 3 with transparent material. The tail plane 22 is hinged to the rear end of the upper frame members 7 and may be adjusted to maintain the longitudinal balance of the machine according to variations of load. A wedge - shaped keel 19 is secured to the tail and forms a continuation of the lines of the body. One or more planes 77 may be connected by flexible cords 78, 79 to the upper side of the body or main planes and serve to increase the l i f t i n g power of the machine and to maintain lateral equilibrium. The rear cord 79 is bifurcated where it is attached to the body. Steering.-The elevator 18 is pivoted to the rear edge of the tail plaue and is controlled by cords connected to the upper and lower ends of a universally pivoted lever 65, Fig. 8. The rudders 10, 11 are pivoted in a recess in the body and are separately actuated by cords 71, 72 connected to cross-arms 70 secured to the lever 65. When the lever controlling the tail plane is released, the plane is moved into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, by a spring. The Specification as open to inspection under Section 91 (3) (a) comprises also the following subject-matter. Parachutes; stopping way.-A parachute is enclosed in the upper part of the body 1 in a fabric cover which is unfastened either manually or automatically to allow the parachute to be withdrawn from the body. The seat is connected to the cords of the parachute and is released with it. In the automatically-actuated form, a pendulum 90, Fig. 8 (Cancelled), releases the fastenings of the cords 78, 79 of the auxiliary plane 77 above described, which serves to draw out the pins securing the fabric cover and to pull the parachute out of the body. The auxiliary plane releases the lever 62 controlling the tail plane 22 and also springs which move the rudders 10, 11 outwards to brake the machine. Shock of landing, deadening; aerial machines adapted also to travel on land.-The front wheel 45, Fig. 13 (Cancelled), is carried by a fork which may be raised by a cord 117 after the shockabsorbing spring 115 is released. The axle of the wheel is connected by a flexible stay 104 to the front of the machine. The wheel is steered by a handle 56. Planes, construction of.-The planes are constructed so as to be readily foldable. The main spar 30, Figs. 15 and 19 (Cancelled), of each main plane passes through slots 36 in the ribs 32, and the inner end fits into a socket in the body of the machine. A cord 33 passes around the wing fitting into notches 35 in the spar and ribs and is secured to the body to hold the wing taut. Pins 37 on the spar prevent the ribs from moving outwards along the spar, and the slots in the ribs are so shaped as to permit of the withdrawal of the spar outwards. The tail and elevator may be collapsed similarly by withdrawing the spar. In another form, the main planes are collapsed by sliding the ribs towards the body along the spar. The ribs 123, Fig. 26 (Cancelled), and the fabric attached thereto are extended and retracted by cables 131, 133 operated by the pilot and are locked in the extended position by pawls 130, which are controlled by a cord 133. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.