Patent GB-1343661-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing high molecular weight carboxylic acid acylating agents
IPC: C10M147/04
Filed: 1971-10-01
Abstract: 1343661 Lubricant and fuel additives LUBRIZOL CORP 1 Oct 1971 [13 Oct 1970] 45862/71 Headings C5F and C5G [Also in Division C3] Lubricating and fuel compositions comprise as detergent-dispersant additives acylating agents, or reaction products thereof prepared by reacting alcohols, phenols, amines and/or basic metal compounds with said acylating agents, said acylating agents being prepared by contacting at at least 140 C. chlorine and a reaction mixture which is (1) a reactant consisting of (A) a monocarboxylic acylating agent containing at least 50 carbon atoms exclusive of carboxyl function and (B) an ethylenically unsaturated mono- or polycarboxylic acid acylating agent containing up to 20 carbon atoms and not more than 6 carboxyl functions per molecule, in proportions such that there is at least 0À5 mole and at least one equivalent of (B) per mole of (A) and not more than 1 mole of (B) per 25 carbon atoms in the acyl moiety of (A); or (2) a reactant consisting of (C) an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least 50 carbon atoms and having a molecular weight of 700 to 200,000, (D) an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acylating agent containing up to 20 carbon atoms and (E) an ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acylating agent containing up to 20 carbon atoms and not more than 6 carboxyl functions per molecule, in mole ratios such that there is at least 0À5 mole of each of (D) and (E) and at least two equivalents of (D) and (E) per mole of (C) while (E) does not provide more than one mole per 25 carbon atoms of (C), the total chlorine being at least 0À8 mole per mole of (B) or per moles of (D) and (E). The lubricant may be a mineral, animal or vegetable oil, or a synthetic polyhydrocarbon, chlorinated polyhydrocarbon, alkylbenzene, polyphenyl, polyalkylene oxide, ester, siloxane, silicate or phosphate oil, optionally containing conventional additives; and the fuel may be a diesel or aviation fuel, gasoline, kerosene or fuel oil, optionally containing conventional additives. Many suitable reactants are specified and examples describe the chlorination of mixtures of (1) polyisobutylenesubstituted acrylic acid and maleic anhydride, (2-4) polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and acrylic acid, (5) polypropylene-substituted acrylic acid, acrylic acid and oleic acid, (6) ethylene/ propylene copolymer, 2,4-hexadienoic acid and 2-methallyl succinic acid, (7) polyisobutylene, ethyl acrylate and cinnamic acid, (8) isobutylene/isoprene copolymer, acrylyl chloride and maleic anhydride and (9) polyisobutylene, polypropylene, acrylic acid and maleic anhydride; and the further reaction of the products (1) with (10) pentaerythritol and triol/alkylene oxide adducts, (16) phenol, (19) polypropylene glycol and (25) glycerol and mannitol; (2) with (11) pentaerythritol and triol / alkylene oxide adducts; (3) with (12-14) pentaerythritol and (22) polyethylene polyamines; (4) with (15) pentaerythritol, triol/alkylene oxide adducts and polyethylene polyamines, (24) polyethylene polyamines and (26) sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide; (5) with (17) barium hydroxide and (23) polyethylene polyamines; (6) with (18) sorbitol and calcium hydroxide; (8) with (20) polyethylene polyamines; and (9) with (21) sodium hydroxide and zinc chloride; and the incorporation of additives obtained in mineral lubricating oils, optionally containing barium dinonyl phosphorodithioate, zinc dicyclohexyl and di-isobutyl phosphorodithioates, zinc salts of phosphorus pentasulphide/p-butylphenol/pentanol reaction products, zinc dioctyl phosphorodithioate and barium mahogany sulphonate, zinc diisopropyl and didecyl phosphorodithioates and carbonated overbased barium didodecyl benzene sulphonate, zinc dicyclohexyl phosphorodithioate/ ethylene oxide adduct, sulphurized sperm oil, polyalkyl methacrylates and poly(alkyl siloxane), polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride/polyethylene polyamine reaction product, zinc salts of phosphorus pentasulphide/butanol/dodecanol reaction products and carbonated sperm oil/ octyl phenol/barium oxide reaction products; in a diethyl ether of polypropylene glycol synthetic lubricant; and in gasoline, diesel and kerosene fuels.