Patent GB-636462-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to wetting and detergent compositions
IPC: C11D1/12
Filed: 1946-09-26
Abstract: A detergent composition comprises a sulphosuccinate having the general formula <FORM:0636462/III/1> in which Me represents an alkali-metal or ammonium radical and R an aliphatic radical, saturated or unsaturated and having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and a water-soluble salt of lithium, magnesium, beryllium, chromium and/or cobalt to increase the solubility of said sulpho-succinate in water. Generally, the composition contains 0.25 to 0.5 mol. of the watersoluble salt per mol. of the sulpho-succinate.  By the incorporation therein of suitable quantities of the water-soluble salts, there may be prepared aqueous solutions containing 1 to 30 per cent of said sulpho-succinates depending upon the alcohol present in the particular sulpho-succinate, as well as water-soluble concentrated aqueous pastes containing about 30 to 70 per cent of the sulpho-succinates and dry powders containing the sulpho-succinates together with inorganic salts such as sodium chloride or sulphate and other water-soluble alkali-metal or ammonium compounds.  Examples describe (1) pastes consisting of a 30 per cent gel of disodium "Ammecol" sulphosuccinate and the sulphate of lithium, magnesium, beryllium, chromium or cobalt respectively, and (2) dry, free-flowing powders corresponding in composition to the pastes with the addition of sodium sulphate. In place of the sodium salts of the "Ammecol" esters, there may be used the potassium and ammonium salts; the "Ammecol" esters are derived from a commercial mixture of higher aliphatic alcohols containing capryl, cetyl and myristyl alcohols. Other sulpho-succinates mentioned are disodium dodecyl-, tetradecyl-, hexadecyl- and octadecyl-sulpho-succinates.  Their preparation is described (see Group IV (b)).  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 defines the radical R as an aliphatic radical containing 12 or more carbon atoms and the radical Me as a monovalent salt-forming radical including ethanolamine.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:The water-solubility of mono-alkyl sulpho-succinates having the general formula <FORM:0636462/IV (b)/1> wherein R is an aliphatic radical, saturated or unsaturated, containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms and Me is an alkali-metal or ammonium radical, is increased by the addition thereto of a water-soluble salt of lithium, magnesium, beryllium, chromium and/or cobalt.  Generally, there is employed from 0.25 to 0.5 mol. of said soluble salt per mol. of sulpho-succinate.  The mixtures of the sulpho-succinates and said water-soluble salts are employed in wetting and detergent compositions (see Group IV(c)).  In examples, di-sodium "ammecol" sulphosuccinate is mixed with appropriate quantities of lithium, magnesium, beryllium, chromium and cobalt sulphates respectively; these esters are derived from a commercial mixture of alcohols containing capryl, cetyl and myristyl alcohols.  The sodium salts of the sulphosuccinates may be replaced by the ammonium or potassium salts.  Reference is also made to the disodium dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl and octadecyl sulpho - succinates.  The sulphosuccinates may be prepared, for example, by heating maleic anhydride with dodecyl, tetradecyl, octadecenyl or other appropriate alcohol at about 100 DEG  to 110 DEG  C. and then heating the resultant mono-alkyl maleate with aqueous sodium sulphite.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 defines R as being an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 12 or more carbon atoms and Me as a monovalent salt-forming group including ethanolamine.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:A wetting and detergent composition comprises a sulpho-succinate having the general formula <FORM:0636462/IV (c)/1> in which Me is an alkali-metal or ammonium radical and R is an aliphatic radical, saturated or unsaturated, having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and a water-soluble salt of lithium, magnesium, beryllium, chromium and/or cobalt to increase the solubility of said sulphosuccinate in water.  Generally, the composition contains from 0.25 to 0.5 mol. of the water-soluble salt per mol. of sulpho-succinate.  By the incorporation therein of suitable quantities of said salts, there may be prepared aqueous solutions containing 1 to 30 per cent of said sulpho-succinates depending upon the alcohol present in the particular sulpho-succinate, as well as water-soluble concentrated aqueous pastes containing about 30 to 70 per cent of the sulpho-succinates and dry powders containing the sulpho-succinates together with inorganic salts of the type of sodium sulphate or chloride and other water-soluble alkali metal and ammonium compounds.  Examples describe the preparation of (1) pastes by mixing together a 30 per cent aqueous gel of disodium "Ammecol" sulpho-succinate and various quantities of lithium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, beryllium sulphate, chromium sulphate and cobalt sulphate respectively and (2) dry free-flowing powders by drying aqueous mixtures comprising the above-mentioned sulpho-succinate gel, sodium sulphate and lithium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, chromium sulphate, beryllium sulphate, and cobalt sulphate respectively, all the pastes and powders giving stable clear solutions in water. In place of the sodium salts of the "Ammecol" esters, there may be used the potassium and ammonium salts; these esters are derived from a commercial mixture of higher aliphatic alcohols comprising capryl, cetyl and myristyl alcohols.  Other sulpho-succinates mentioned are the disodium dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl and octadecyl sulpho-succinates.  Their preparation is described (see Group IV (b)).  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 defines the sulpho-succinates as those having the above-mentioned formula, wherein R is an aliphatic radical having 12 or more carbon atoms and Me is a monovalent salt-forming group including ethanolamine. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.