baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-895617-A (GB)
Title: Method of catalyst manufacture
IPC: B01J27/13
Filed: 1960-07-14
Abstract: A catalyst is manufactured by treating a composite of (1) a refractory inorganic oxide and (2) a platinum group metal in a reduced valency state with (3) hydrogen halide, prior to deposition by vaporization of (4) a Friedel-Crafts metal halide or the composite, the product being heated at above 400 DEG  C. for a time sufficient to remove unreacted metal halide.  Specified ingredients and reactants are (1) Al2O3 (g -alumina particularly preferred), SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, Cr2O3, ZnO, SiO2-Al2O3, SiO2-MgO, SiO2-Al2O3-MgO, Cr2O3-Al2O3, Al2O3-B2O3, SiO2-ZrO2, bauxite kaolin, bentonite (optionally acid-treated), kieselguhr, montmorillonite, MgO-Al2O3 spinels and ZnO-spinels; (2) Pt, Pd; (3) HCl, HBr; (4) AlCl3 (preferred), AlBr3, SbCl5, BeBr2, BeCl2, FeBr3, FeCl3, GaCl3, SnBr4, SnCl4, TiBr4, TiCl4, ZnBr2, ZnCl2, ZrCl4.  The alumina support may contain, e.g. 0,01-8% combined fluorine.  In operation, the catalyst may be further activated by a hydrogen halide or alkyl halide.  The catalyst may be used for cracking heavy oil to gasoline, including hydrocracking and for various other reactions (see Group IV(b)). Specification 822,998 is referred to.ALSO:Catalysts prepared from a supported platinum group metal, a hydrogen halide and a Friedel-Crafts metal halide (see Group III) may be used in condensation, destructive reactions, rearrangement, disproportionation and hydrogenation, particularly of hydrocarbons. Specific reactions mentioned are: (1) polymerisation of olefins; (2) alkylation of (a) isoparaffins with olefins or alkyl halides, (b) aromatic compounds, e.g. benzene, toluene, phenols or thiophenols, or of thiophenes with olefins; (3) isomerisation of paraffins or of naphthenes; (4) hydrogen- and alkyl-transfer, dealkylation; (5) reforming of gasolines and naphtha; (6) hydrogenation of, e.g. diolefins to olefins, olefins to paraffins and cycloolefins to naphthenes.  Fixed or fluidised bed operation may be utilised and the catalyst may be activated in operation by hydrogen halide or alkyl halide.  Specification 822,998 is referred to.
Patent GB-1210164-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for applying a cooling fluid to elements of a machine
IPC: B21B27/10
Filed: 1968-05-22
Abstract: 1,210,164. Rolling. SOC. NOUVELLE SPIDEM. 22 May, 1968 [22 May, 1967], No. 24543/68. Heading B3M. [Also in Divisions C3 and F2] Liquid sprinkling apparatus for rolling mills comprises remote-controlled valves the closure member of which is a resilient diaphragm 9 having the shape of a glove finger and which under the action of control fluid effects opening or closing of orifices 3 allowing passage of liquid to the sprinkler points 8c, there being one such valve for each sprinkler point and the control means for the valves being grouped at a control desk. The sprinkler points may be fed from headers parallel to the rolls and spaced to obtain the required cooling.
Patent GB-645845-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical units or cells responsive to mechanical loads
Inventor: JONES ERIC
IPC: G01G3/14
Filed: 1947-09-06
Abstract: 645,845. Strain-gauges. MINISTER OF SUPPLY. Sept. 6, 1947, No. 24592. [Class 40 (i)] A load measuring unit comprises a hollow casing 11 housing an intermediate cup-shaped member 13 having an inverted cup-shaped member 16 within it, whereby compressive loading, as indicated by the arrows, causes the annular parts of the members 13, 16 to be in tension and compression respectively. Pairs of strain gauges T1 ... 4, C1 ... 4, are mounted on the members 13, 16 and connected in the bridge circuit. In a modification, Figs. 3-5 (not shown), the functions of the inner member and the casing are interchanged, the casing and the intermediate member being slotted to leave diametrically opposite load-responsive struts.
Patent GB-377481-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to medical treatment by iontophoresis
IPC: A61N1/30
Filed: 1931-09-02
Abstract: An electrode for use in iontophoresis comprises a base of absorbent paper or fabric impregnated with medicament such as histamine, with or without a small quantity of preservative such as thymol, and dried.  The base may have a metal backing applied as foil, by the Schoop process, or by electrodeposition.
Patent GB-373029-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of sulphuric acid by the contact process
IPC: C01B17/76
Filed: 1931-09-02
Abstract: In the catalytic oxidation of sulphur dioxide, the gases are obtained by a blast roasting process, e.g. using the Dwight-Lloyd apparatus, washed with warm water without special cooling or treatment for dust removal, in such a manner that the exit water of the washing treatment runs off at a temperature of about 70 DEG  C., dried and oxidized with a catalyst, e.g. such as a vanadium mass, free from platinum and of low sensitiveness towards contact poisons.  Any dust which may be present is removed by passing the gases through piping before they reach the washing plant.  The water which serves to cool the exit gases from the contact apparatus may be used in the washing plant.
Patent GB-993170-A (GB)
Title: Space heaters
IPC: F28D1/047
Filed: 1962-06-27
Abstract: 993,170. Space heating apparatus; finned heat exchange tubes. A. WALLACE. June 27, 1963 [June 27, 1962], No. 24699/62. Heading F4S. A space heater comprises a front wall 14 of thermally conductive material; a rear wall 17, preferably of insulating material; a heating element 11 disposed between the front and rear walls and in thermal contact with the former; an air outlet above the heating element, and at least one air inlet 19 below the heating element. The heating element may comprise a winding conduit 11 the ends of which constitute an inlet 12 and outlet 13 for a heating fluid. In the form shown the conduit is partially embraced by fins 16 and engages with a plurality of thermally conductive saddles 15 secured to the front plate 14. Along each straight section of the conduit the fins may be disposed parallel to one another, and obliquely to the conduit (Fig. 4, not shown) the fins of adjacent sections of the conduit being inclined in the opposite direction. In other embodiments the saddles 15 may pass around the conduit which rests either against a planar front panel 14 (Fig. 6, not shown) or partially within a pressed out channel in the panel 14 (Fig. 5, not shown). In another form the saddles are omitted and the fins encircle and support the conduit (Fig. 7, not shown) The inlet 19 in the base of the heater (Fig. 2) may be replaced by a series of inlets 19<SP>1</SP> (Fig. 8, not shown) disposed below the horizontal finned portions of the conduit 11. Some or all of the air inlets may be formed in the front panel.
Patent GB-406385-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of benzene and its homologues
IPC: C07C4/00
Filed: 1932-09-05
Abstract: Benzene and its homologues, viz. toluene, ethylbenzene and n-butylbenzene, are manufactured by subjecting tetrahydronaphthalene in the presence of hydrogen under pressure to heat treatment in the absence of any catalyst other than that provided by the walls of the reaction vessel, and separating the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and n-butylbenzene from the product.  The walls of the reaction vessel may be of mild steel or p  an oil hardening steel containing about 3 per cent of nickel, e.g. a steel containing 0.36 per cent of carbon, 0.19 per cent of silicon, 0.66 per cent of manganese, 0.033 per cent of sulphur, 0.037 per cent of phosphorus, 0.23 per cent of chromium and 3.28 per cent of nickel.  The reaction is preferably carried out under conditions of relatively high pressure and temperature, e.g. of the order of 100 atmospheres and 400--500 DEG C.  In an example, three batches of tetrahydronaphthalene are treated in a rotating steel converter with hydrogen under an initial pressure of 100 atmospheres, the temperatures being 450 DEG  C., 475 DEG  C. and 500 DEG  C., and the reaction periods 5 hours, 2 hours and 2 hours respectively.  The products are separated by fractional distillation.ALSO:The walls of a reaction vessel for the thermal treatment of tetrahydronaphthalene in the presence of hydrogen under pressure may be made of an oil hardening steel containing about 3 per cent of nickel, e.g., a steel containing 0.36 per cent of carbon, 0.19 per cent of silicon, 0.60 per cent of manganese, 0.033 per cent of sulphur, 0.037 per cent of phosphorus, 0.23 per cent of chromium and 3.28 per cent of nickel.
Patent GB-156338-A (GB)
Title: Sink basket
IPC: E03C1/262
Filed: 1920-07-08
Abstract: 156,338. McNaughton, J. M. July 8, 1920. Sink waste fittings.-A sink basket comprises a dished grating 1 adapted to be accommodated in a pocket surrounding a sink drain and having a flanged edge 4 by which it is supported flush with the surface of the bottom of the sink, and having a knob 6 to facilitate its removal. The sink plug 7 has a stem projecting through the knob 6 and provided with a device for retaining it in the raised position; when in the raised position the plug is received in a recess 8 in the grating.
Patent GB-227162-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electro-magnetic transmitters and receivers for reproducing sound
IPC: H04R11/08
Filed: 1923-10-05
Abstract: 227,162. Sykes, A. F. Oct. 5, 1923. Addition to 160,223. Sound-magnifying appliances.-In a telephone instrument having a strip diaphragm, a form of horn collecting from a slit is used and is conveniently made of wood in two pieces split on the centre line. In another form, a horn is used consisting of outer walls 222 and intermediate insertions 223, 224, which may reach the end of the horn or terminate intermediately. In the case of a concentric arrangement, the intermediate insertions 223, 224 are attached to one another and to the outer boundary by fins, but as shown the arrangement is square. Specifications 159,897, 186,658, and 224,936, [all in Class 40 (iv), Telephones &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-1391327-A (GB)
Title: Fuel injection devices for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B1/04
Filed: 1972-05-26
Abstract: 1391327 Electromagnetic fuel injectors ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 26 May 1972 [28 May 1971] 24835/72 Heading F1B A fuel injection device has a hydraulically drivable pump piston 19, Fig. 1 with equal area end faces 42, 40 respectively exposed to a pump working chamber 43 and a servo pressure chamber 39, a supply valve 31 arranged between a pressure source 37 and the pump working chamber, a solenoid valve 16 controls the fuel flow from the pressure source to the servo pressure chamber and from the servo pressure chamber to a return flow line, a spring-loaded injection valve 28 whose opening pressure is greater than the pressure in the pump working chamber during the filling stroke and a throttle member 22 between the pressure source and the supply valve. The supply valve opens at a pressure which, together with the maximum filling pressure of the pump working chamber is at most equal to the fuel supply pressure whilst the maximum filling pressure is smaller than the injection valve opening pressure. Before injection the pump piston 19 is in its upper position abutting a stop 41. When solenoid valve 16 moves from the closed to the open position the ball 53 moves from seat 54 on to seat 56 and pressurized fuel flows into the servo pressure chamber 39 causing pump piston 19 to move downwardly until its other face 42 abuts stop 47. Fuel in the pump working chamber 43 is forced through bore 44 to the injection valve 24. Since the fuel pressure in pump piston face 40 is greater than the injection valve opening pressure, valve 21 is closed and fuel is injected by nozzle 23. At the end of injection solenoid valve 16 closes so that ball 53 blocks the fuel supply to the servo pressure chamber 39 and the latter discharges via seat 56. The pressure in the pump working chamber 43 drops, valve 21 opens to refill the chamber. In another embodiment a duct 74, Fig. 2 allows the escape of air or vapour bubbles when the pump piston 19 is in its lower position. In another embodiment the pump housing is lengthened.
Patent GB-814478-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hydrostatic power transmission arrangements
IPC: F16H39/08
Filed: 1956-08-14
Abstract: 814,478. Hydraulic couplings. DAIMLERBENZ A.G. Aug. 14, 1956 [Aug. 16, 1955], No. 24845/56. Class 69 (2). An hydrostatic transmission of the axial piston pump and motor type comprises a pump P having a driving disc 17 geared to an input shaft 10 and reciprocating pistons in a rotatable cylinder block 18a enclosed in a housing 18 pivotable about an axis A, and a motor M having a housing 26 pivotable about an axis B and enclosing a rotatable cylinder block 26a, the pistons of which co-operate with a driven disc 25 geared to an output shaft 29. The discs 17, 25 are fixed on shafts 14, 21 and a conical roller bearing 37 is interposed to absorb axial thrust. Hydraulic and mechanical connection between the pump and motor is provided by S-shaped tubes 33, 34, these tubes may be rigidly connected together. The cylinder blocks are thus pivoted in unison, this movement being effected by a piston 31 connected to the motor housing 26. A clutch 30 permits direct engagement of the input and output shafts. In a modification (Fig. 3), an input shaft 110 drives a shaft 111 geared to a pump driving disc, and the motor-driven disc is geared to a shaft 129 connected through bevel gearing with an output shaft 142. A conical roller bearing 137 interposed between the pump and motor discs absorbs axial thrust thereupon. This construction allows the pump cylinder block to be pivoted through a greater angle than the other construction, and thus provides a greater range of adjustment of the transmission.
Patent GB-979014-A (GB)
Title: Machine for punching or cutting out labels or the like from printed reels
Inventor: TAPERELL GEOFFREY LESLIE
IPC: B26F1/40
Filed: 1961-07-11
Abstract: 979,014. Cutting apparatus. JOHN WADDINGTON Ltd. Oct. 11, 1962 [July 11, 1961], No. 25011/61. Heading B4B. [Also in Division B6] Apparatus for punching or cutting out labels, cards, carton blanks, or the like from webs of printed material includes a plurality of reels of material fed in superposed relationship to means ensuring accurate longitudinal and lateral register of said material, and means for simultaneously punching or cutting out the material and stacking the cut out articles. Webs of material 3, perforated along their outer edges, are drawn off from a plurality of driven reels, looped, passed over sprockets 4 and fed in superposed relationship, through a register mechanism, to a mechanical cutter 10 operating in a guide and receptacle 11. The register mechanism comprises a band 13 having teeth corresponding with the sprocket holes in the webs and running on rollers 14. The successive webs are aligned, one above another, on these teeth. When the machine is started a timing mechanism controls the cutter which operates intermittently to cut out articles 12 and move them into the receptacle, where they are stacked to a predetermined number. Cardboard 8 is then fed to the cutter and simultaneously cut with the other material, the cardboard forming a separator for each batch of articles. The cardboard is then withdrawn or its motion stopped until the next batch of articles is complete, when the cycle is repeated.
Patent GB-632876-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to an impact drill
IPC: E21B7/06
Filed: 1947-09-12
Abstract: 632,876. Earth-boring apparatus. BODINE, A. G. Sept. 12, 1947, No. 25040. Convention date, Sept. 16, 1946. [Class 85] In earth boring by percussion, the bit assembly, which may be suspended from a stand of drill pipe 14 or a cable, comprises a bit 18 rigidly attached to a heavy elastic column 17 of substantial cross-section, and a wave generator 16 which sets up in this column longitudinal vibrations. In the wave generator a small mass is caused to oscillate at high velocity, setting up in the ends of the column longitudinal oscillatory movement which is small in magnitude, but in consequence able to exert large forces which are communicated to the bit that pulverises the bottom 12 of the bore. This oscillating mass may be a piston 54 moving within the column under the action of the drill fluid pumped down the drill stem, its movement being controlled by a valve assembly 65-67 incorporated in the piston, and springs 55, 56. In an alternative form, the longitudinal oscillatory forces may be due to the drill mud rotating out-of-balance rotors mounted in chambers within the column. A third alternative is an electric motor driving a crank-shaft from which is pivotally suspended a mass, whilst a fourth alternative consists of a toothed sleeve mounted on the drill stem and arranged so that its teeth engage the wall of the borehole, with the result that, as the stem is rotated, the sleeve is caused to oscillate vertically due to coacting cam surfaces formed on the stem and the sleeve. The magnitude of the vibrations of the lower end of the column, and in consequence the pressure exerted on the bottom, may be varied by altering the crosssection of the column by tapering it or by increasing the mass of the lower end. The wave generator may be mounted at any position within the column, and the latter may be secured by an elastic coupling to a stem of drill pipe. In case of fracture of the elastic column by fatigue, a loose cable is connected between the top and bottom of the column to facilitate withdrawal of the fractured portions, whilst the column may have secured beneath it a bit suitable for boring curved holes. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes also how transverse vibrations are set up in the elastic column. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1049108-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to signal-storage circuit arrangements
IPC: H03K17/58
Filed: 1964-06-17
Abstract: 1,049,108. Tunnel diode and transistor bistable circuits. COMPAGNIE DES MACHINES BULL. June 17, 1964 [July 18, 1963], No. 25157/64. Heading H3T. A signal storage circuit comprises a tunnel diode connected in the collector circuit of a transistor, control pulses being transformercoupled to the base-emitter circuit. As shown, the collector current of transistor T1 is maintained substantially at 9À5 mA by the action of resistor 14, the germanium tunnel diode DT being thus maintained in its low voltage state. A current pulse at 13 of sufficiently large amplitude increases the collector current to 10À5 mA, switching the tunnel diode DT to its high voltage state, thus saturating transistor T2 and giving a positive output at 30. The tunnel diode remains in this state after the end of the pulse at 13, until reset by a positive pulse at 31, fed via level-charging silicon diodes 34, 35 and an emitter follower T3. Resistor 19 may be fed via a matched coaxial line. Transformer 10 may use a very high frequency ferrite bead.
Patent GB-661452-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in road wheel suspensions for motor road vehicles
IPC: B60G7/02
Filed: 1949-09-30
Abstract: 661,452. Vehicle suspensions. DAIMLER-BENZ AKT.-GES. Sept. 30, 1949 [May 16, 1949], No. 25162/49. Class 108(ii) In a vehicle independent wheel suspension of the type comprising upper and low e r hinged links. the hinged mountings are carried by a common support which consists of an upright pivot whose axis is slightly inclined to the vertical. The arrangement may include a coil spring, or the links may be formed as laminated springs. The arrangement can be applied to steering or non-steering wheels. The inclination of the pivot axis to the vertical preferably corresponds to the castor angle of the steering wheels. As shown, the suspension is carried by a pivot pin 6 mounted in rubber bushes 4, 5 in the tube 3, which is welded into the hollow longitudinal frame member 1. Fixed to the top of the pin 6, e.g. by bolting, is a member 7 having a transverse hinge pin 11 for the upper link 9. Fixed to the bottom of the pin 6, e.g. by welding, is an inwardly directed arm 8 carrying a hinge pin 12 for the lower link 10. The coil spring 21 extends between a bridge piece fixed to the lower link and a cap 23 secured to an extension of the fixed member 7. Longitudinal thrusts on the wheel tend to rotate the suspension about the pivot pin 6, this tendency being resisted firstlv by the rubber bushes 4, 5 and secondly, by means of an extension 19 of the arm 8, which is resiliently fixed to a lug 20 on a frame crossmember 2 by means of a pair of rubber bushes. Owing to the inclination # of the pivot pin 6 to the vertical, Fig. 2. a natural restoring force acts on the suspension when it has been displaced by a longitudinal thrust, similar to a castor action. The axes of the hinge pins, which are parallel, are preferably directed tcwards the central longitudinal plane of the vehicle at their rear ends. Specification 445,830 is referred to.
Patent GB-1235558-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to membranes for alkaline cells
Inventor: FABER PETER
IPC: H01M50/426
Filed: 1969-05-16
Abstract: 1,235,558. Polymeric fluorocarbon membranes. RHEINISCH - WESTFALISCHES ELEKTRIZITATSWERK A.G. 16 May, 1969 [28 May, 1968], No. 25181/69. Headings C3C and C3P. [Also in Division H1] A membrane, used to separate the cathode and anode compartments in alkaline storage batteries with zinc as the negative electrode, consists of a foil or a plate compacted and sintered from a powder of polymeric fluorocarbons. The polymeric fluorocarbons may be mixed with a metal oxide, the hydroxide or hydrate of which has an insignificant solubility in concentrated alkalis e.g. a spinel oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel oxide or an oxide of a metal of Group IVB. The preferred polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Patent GB-518721-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in impulse senders of the type used in telephone systems
IPC: H04M1/34
Filed: 1938-08-27
Abstract: 518,721. Impulse transmitters. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.,.Ltd., and PUCKETTE, C. C. Aug. 27, 1938, No. 25188. [Class 40 (iv)] In a dial-type impulse sender, a toothed wheel 1 controls impulse springs '22 only during its return movement after a suitable interdigital pause at the beginning of such movement with the aid of a member 11 pivoted at 13 to a member 12 which is made capable of limited movement in a radial direction with respect to the impulse wheel either by being formed as a spring, or pivoted as shown at 14, or by being mounted for straight line movement by a suitable linkage or a pin-and-slot arrangement. When the dial is being set, the member 12, which is urged towards the toothed wheel by a spring, is swung clear of the impulse springs. On the return movement it is swung into a position for operating the springs by means of a roller 18. Lubrication is provided by an oil-soaked felt washer 25 fixed to the wheel by a dished spring plate 26, the diameter of the disc being somewhat greater than that of the root circle of the teeth of wheel 1. This arrangement also limits noise. Additional lubrication is provided by an oil-soaked felt collar 39 on pivot pin 13 and if desired by a similar collar on pin 14. Dust is excluded by a felt washer 30 between the frame and the number plate and by an arrangement of discs 33 of artificial resin mounted loosely on the central shaft and embraced by discs 34 secured by spring clips to the number plate.