baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1468395-A (GB)
Title: Detection of discharges in metal-clad switching or transmission installations
IPC: H02B13/065
Filed: 1974-03-22
Abstract: 1468395 Protective arrangements SIEMENS AG 22 March 1974 [23 March 1973] 12936/74 Heading H2K An arrangement for detecting disruptive discharges installed in a metal-clad switchgear or transmission installation comprises a plurality of detector channels wherein each channel comprises at least one temperature sensor 22 arranged to sense the temperature in a region of the metal cladding and also comprises a temperature difference detector circuit which compares two discrete signals from the sensor to produce a signal representing a temperature difference with respect to time or from respective ones of the sensors of a channel to produce a signal representing a temperature difference with respect to position, there being identifying means 40 associated with the channels for identifying a channel which has sensed a temperature difference. The identifying means may only function if a difference greater than a predetermined difference is detected. In the case where a temperature difference in time is detected synchronized switches 31, 36 switch temperature measurements directly to a NAND gate 33 and to the NAND gate via a store 35 respectively so that comparison is made between pairs of sequential values, any output from the NAND gate being fed to a switching device 40 identifying the sensor 22. This switching device 40 may block all outputs when a difference from one channel is detected. In the ease where a position temperature difference is detected, Fig. 3, not shown, more than one detector per channel are connected in a bridge circuit, and the output fed via an amplifier (53) to a switching identifying device 40. Three detectors can be arranged in a section of switchgear on the arc of a circle whose centre is located externally of the developed face of that section, Fig. 4, not shown.
Patent GB-460991-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic gauging and testing of materials
IPC: G01N27/82
Filed: 1935-05-03
Abstract: 460,991. Magnetic tests and measurements. KNIGHT, O. May 3, 1935, No. 13185. Void. Convention date, May 3,1934. [Class 37] An electromagnetic gauging or testing apparatus is provided with three or more legs, at least two of which are of magnetic material and magnetically linked. A three - legged electromagnet core M is placed on a surface X consisting of a thin coating of non-magnetic metal on a relatively thick body of magnetic metal O, it being required to measure the thickness of the coating X by the increase in the reluctance of the magnetic circuit comprising the core M and the body O. The core M is excited by means of a coil L 1 fed from a transformer T. On one of the legs is wound a secondary coil L2 in series with a copper oxide or other rectifier R and a direct-current measuring-instrument A. The rectified induced current may be opposed by an electromotive force tapped from a potentiometer resistance P3 fed from a battery B. The core M is moved over the surface to be tested, any variation in the thickness of the layer X causing a change in the voltage induced in the coil L2, which is indicated on the instrument A. A reversing switch S may be provided so that increase in the reading of the instrument A may correspond either to an increase or a decrease of the thickness of the layer X. One of the three legs of the magnet M need not form part of the magnetic system. The pole faces may be rounded and electroplated or otherwise coated with non-magnetic material. For measuring variations of a surface from a plane the magnet core M is provided with four or more legs, the contact faces of which are accurately lined up in a true plane. Departure of a surface from a true plane is indicated by increase of reluctance due to all four legs not being in contact with the surface.
Patent GB-252716-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electro-magnetic regulating apparatus
IPC: H01F1/00
Filed: 1926-05-25
Abstract: 252,716. Naamlooze Vennootschap Machinerieen en Apparaten Fabrieken. May 27, 1925, [Convention date]. Regulation, automatic.-The influence of residual magnetism in electromagnetic regulating apparatus is diminished by employing " alloyed iron such as is used in transformers for diminishing the hysteretic loss." An alloy of 96 per cent iron and 4 per cent silicon is suitable. The material may constitute the whole or a part of the magnet.
Patent GB-290827-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of building slabs or panels
IPC: B27J1/00
Filed: 1927-05-17
Abstract: 290,827. Tchayeff, S. May 17, 1927. Composite building slabs; materials, special.- Slabs or panels. Fig. 1, of the kind made in a continuous length and consisting of compressed straw, reeds, or like material bound with wires 1, 2, are formed in the press shown in Fig. 2 and afterwards provided with coverings 11 which may be plastic such as plaster, cement, lime, or asphalt, or sheet material such as steel, asbestos-cement, plywood, or millboard secured by nails, screws, glue, or pitch. The straw or reeds may be impregnated with a phenol or similar solution to render it fungus-proof and fireproof. The press consists of a platen or crossbar 9 operated by rods 10; a brake or tensioning device 7, 8 through which the wires are drawn, a table 3, and a clamp or bar 4 spaced above the table at a height corresponding to the thickness of the slabs. The wires 1 are first tied together in front of a bar 6, cross wires 2 are threaded on the wires 1 in front of the platen 9, and a charge of straw is inserted, compressed, and pushed under the bar 4. The platen is then withdrawn, a fresh charge is inserted, and the operation is repeated. The slabs are then cut from the length, and the ends of the wires 1 are bent into the straw.
Patent GB-417400-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in lapping and honing machines
IPC: B24B37/08
Filed: 1933-05-08
Abstract: 417,400. Machines for lapping and honing. OUBRIDGE, W. A., Parklands, Park Road, Coventry. May 8, 1933, No. 13292. [Class 60.] In a machine comprising a pair of relatively rotatable laps between which the work is carried by a cage or holder, pneumatically operated means are provided for moving one of the lamps towards and from the other for insertion and removal of the cage. In the machine shown, upper and lower horizontally disposed laps 2, 4 are rotated in opposite directions through bevel gears 15, 16, 17 from a horizontal shaft 12 driven through a hand-operated clutch 20 from a belt pulley 19. The gear 16 is mounted on the lower end of a tubular shaft 6 which carries the lower lap 4, and in bearings in which is mounted a central spindle 3 carrying the upper lap 2. The spindle 3 is movable vertically to raise and lower the lap 2, the lower end of the spindle being splined and sliding through the gear 17 by which it is rotated. The raising of the lap 2 is effected by a piston 33 in a cylinder 34, the piston rod operating a lever 36 which is pivoted at 37 and connected to the lower end of the spindle 3. On compressed air being admitted below the piston 33 it raises the lever 36 and hence the lap 2 ; to lower the lap, the air is exhausted through an adjustable valve so that the descent may be cushioned. If it is desired to increase the pressure of the upper lap beyond that due to its weight, the valve admitting air to the cylinder is provided with an additional port by which air may be admitted above the piston 33. A counterbalance weight 49 is connected by cables 51 to a fitting 50 adjustable longitudinally on the lever 36 by a screwed rod 54. Abrasive liquid is pumped from a pan 63 to a container 64 on the carrier plate of the upper lap, whence it flows between the laps. To indicate the amount of material removed, a lever 70 pivoted on a vertically adjustable pillar 71 rests freely on a stud in a cap 69 on the spindle 3, the free end of the lever entering the forked upper end 72 of a pillar 73 and contacting with the plunger 74 of a gauge 75. Fig. 3 shows a work-holder for lapping piston rings, consisting of a circular plate 56 with circular openings (not shown) for the rings and having a pair of lugs 57 at positions approximately 90� apart which engage crank pins 58 mounted on vertical spindles (not shown) passing down through the pan 63 and having at their lower ends sprocket wheels 60 driven by a chain 62 from a sprocket 61 on the hollow shaft 6. Specification 239,995, [Class 60], is referred to.
Patent GB-721155-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to steam generating and superheating apparatus
IPC: F22G5/04
Filed: 1951-06-05
Abstract: 721,155. Steam &c. boilers ; superheating. BABCOCK & WILCOX, Ltd. June 5, 1951 [June 9, 1950], No. 13301/51. Class 123 (3). A steam boiler comprises a vertical furnace chamber 10 which is lined with steam-generating wall tubes 12, 14, 17 and is fired by rows of pulverised fuel, &c. burners 36, 38, the combustion gases flowing from the furnace successively through a tube screen 14a formed by extensions of the rear wall tubes 14, a convection heated superheater 24, 26, and further steam-generating tubes 20, 22 to an air heater 60, and the super-heat temperature is regulated by withdrawing relatively cool gases from the inlet duct to the said air heater and directing them by a fan 66 through ducts 63, 68, 69, 70 into the lower end of the furnace in such manner that they continue to flow in a stream between the main combustion zone and the rear wall tubes 14. A control and shut-off damper 90 is fitted within the duct 68 and is actuated bv manually-operated means 98 or, alternatively, automatically in accordance with the steam temperature ; the duct 68 is also fitted with an atmospheric connection 84 provided with a pressure-responsive valve 86 adapted to admit air to the duct when a tendency to reverse flow therein arises. In the construction shown the duct 70 discharges between the spaced lower ends 74, 76 of the tubes 14 throughout the whole width of the rear wall of the throat 54 of the boiler ash pit 57, but in a modification the duct 70 discharges through an intermediate portion of the front inclined wall 52 of the hopper 50 above said pit. Specifications 367,699, 504,114, 516,070, 523,870 and 540,119 are referred to.
Patent GB-1243326-A (GB)
Title: Method of recrystallising oxysulphides
IPC: C01F17/00
Filed: 1970-03-19
Abstract: 1,243,326. Recrystallizing oxysulphides. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. 19 March. 1970 [22 March, 1969], No. 13322/70. Heading C1A. [Also in Division C4] A method of recrystallizing an oxysulphide of one or more elements having atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive and 39, comprising preparing a mixture of the oxysulphide together with a sulphide and/or polysulphide of one or more of the alkali metals or with substances which when heated produce a sulphide and/or polysulphide of an alkali metal, heating to 1000‹ to 1500‹ C. preferably in a gas-tight space for 0.25 to 15 hours and cooling. A luminescent oxysulphide may be of formula A (2-x) B x O 2 S where A is one or more of Y, Gd, La and Lu, B is element of atomic number 58 to 71 and x is 0.0002 to 0.2. The activator may be trivalent Eu or Tb giving red and green emission with colour TV tube and in the latter case also X-ray image intensifier tubes. Alkali metal thiosulphates (e.g. of Na and/or K) may be used preferably in amount 0.2 to 20 moles per mole of oxysulphide reducing to sulphides or polysulphides on heating. The basic material may be mixed with sulphur and an alkali metal compound, e.g. one or more hydroxide, carbonate or sulphite, 0.05 to 5 moles of sulphide and/or polysulphide or equivalent being preferred. The recrystallization produces enlarged crystals which may have enhanced luminescence, may be better provided on a screen and more resistant to photochemical binder attack. Recrystallizations described of Y 1À9 Eu 0À1 O 2 S produce 2Á crystals, the oxysulphide being first produced by heating sodium thiocyanates with the oxides and being of a brightness in a demountable c.r.t., 3% that of the recrystallized product. Other recrystallizations specified are Y 1À92 Eu 0À08 O 2 S and Na 2 S heated in N 2 ; La 2 O 2 S with Eu 2 O 2 S and Na 2 S 4  heated in a closed crucible; Y 1À9 Eu 0À1 O 2 S with NaOH and S heated in a closed crucible; and Gd 1À98 Tb 0À02 O 2 S with Na 2 C0 3  and S in a closed crucible, the final products being water leached and dried. Non-luminescent products may be analogously recrystallized.
Patent GB-133745-A (GB)
IPC: C04B40/02
Abstract: 133,745. Alexander, H. Oct. 11, 1918. Bricks, hardening. - Sand-lime bricks, blocks, tiles, &c. are hardened by exposing them to superheated steam at a pressure of 5-10 lb. per sq. in. above atmospheric pressure in hardening-chambers made of ferro-concrete or the like, which may be erected in situ. The blocks, after moulding, are placed in small wagons and wheeled into the hardening-chambers, and are subjected to the action of saturated low-pressure steam to effect a preliminary drying. The temperature of the steam is then raised to about the temperature of saturated steam at a pressure of 120 lb. per sq. in., the initial low pressure being maintained, to complete the hardening. The steam is preferably superheated by waste gases from a furnace or from the smoke-stack of the boiler generating the steam. The invention is distinguished from a process in which artificial stone is hardened by treatment with superheated steam at atmospheric pressure.
Patent GB-592167-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rosin base resins
IPC: C08G63/676
Filed: 1943-08-17
Abstract: Oil-soluble resins are made by contacting a rosin acid with an alpha-beta unsaturated polybasic acid (or anhydride or mixtures thereof) in a quantity equivalent to maleic anhydride in an amount of 1-9 per cent (preferably 1-5 per cent) by weight of rosin acid and with dipentaerythritol, a mixture of polypentaerythritols substantially free of pentaerythritol, or a mixture of pentaerythritol and polypentaerythritols obtained by alkaline condensation of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, at a temperature to cause the esterification of the acids with said polypentaerythritol-containing material.  Rosins specified are wood rosin, gum rosin, abietic acid and its isomers, heat-treated rosin, hydrogenated rosin, dehydrogenated rosin, polymerized rosin and rosin treated according to U.S.A. Specification 2,154,629, i.e. disproportionated rosin.  Unsaturated acids specified are maleic, fumaric and itaconic.  The resins may be cooked with soft oils such as linseed and perilla oils to form varnishes.  The three reaction ingredients may be contacted simultaneously, or the rosin and alcohol may be contacted separately first.  Reaction takes place above 250 DEG  C., though preferably started below 230 DEG  C. and raised to 285-315 DEG  C.  An inert atmosphere is preferable. The product may be sparged by sweeping an inert gas such as steam, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide through it to remove impurities.  In examples, a pentaerythritol - polypentaerythritol mixture and dipentaerythritol are each heated with maleic anhydride and with wood rosin or polymerized rosin.
Patent GB-167838-A (GB)
Title: Automatic steam starter and water lifter for injectors, for feeding steam boilers with water
IPC: F22D5/00
Filed: 1920-05-15
Abstract: 167,838. Hall, J. May 15, 1920. Conveyer apparatus, injector; regulating or controlling action.-To create a vacuum in the suction pipe and thereby to raise water automatically when starting an injector, an extension piece B is provided on the steam-valve spindle, projecting into the neck of the steam inlet pipe S below the valve seating C. As the valve is raised, the inlet is at first limited to the annular space A around the extension, whereby the initial rush of steam is checked, and it is not until the extension piece is completely withdrawn that the full steam supply obtains. The suction action thus produced raises the water in the suction pipe and causes an immediate flow.
Patent GB-129499-A (GB)
Title: Improved Front Fork Reinforcement for Bicycles and the like.
Inventor: ANDERSEN RASMUS ANTON
IPC: B62K21/18
Filed: 1918-08-20
Abstract: 129,499. Andersen, R. A. Aug. 20, 1918 Forks. -In front forks for bicycles &c. wherein the crown is secured to the outside of the lower end of the stem, a reinforcement of the connexion is provided in the form of a separate auxiliary sleeve which is introduced directly into the lower end of the stem, and has a rib running backward and forward in the longitudinal plane of the machine. The sleeve may be screwed into the stem and be provided with a longitudinal rib disposed in a diametral plane; or it may consist of two D- shaped tubes 3, 4 with the flat parts 5 facing each other to form the rib, opposite bends 6 being provided, if desired, to accommodate the mud-guard bolt.
Patent GB-1373195-A (GB)
Title: Mechanical lens displacement system for zoom microscopes
IPC: G02B21/24
Filed: 1973-03-21
Abstract: 1373195 Zoom lens ERNST LETIZ GmbH 21 March 1973 [22 March 1972] 13524/73 Heading G2J In a microscope, two movable carriers 6,7 in which lenses are mounted are guided for rectalinear movement on rods 5 and moved by flat cams 14, 15 rotating about an axis 19 perpendicular to the optical axis of the microscope. Rollers are provided as cam followers on pins 13 and the two carriers are baised together by springs 16, 17.
Patent GB-989163-A (GB)
Title: Waistband with frictional means
Inventor: MILLER SAMUEL ELIAS
IPC: A41F9/00
Filed: 1964-04-01
Abstract: Resilient thread of circular or substantially circular cross-section replaces the non-circular resilient thread forming the overlapping convolutions on the waistband of the parent Specification.ALSO:Resilient thread of circular or substantially circular cross-section replaces the non-circular resilient thread forming the convolutions on the waistband of the parent Specification.
Patent GB-752692-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in aminoacetic acid derivatives
IPC: C07D209/48
Filed: 1954-05-10
Abstract: The invention comprises substituted benzamido- and phthalimido-acetamides of the general formul  <FORM:0752692/IV(a)/1> and <FORM:0752692/IV(a)/2> wherein R and R1 represent alkyl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl groups or R and R1 together represent a polymethylene chain, and R2 and R3 represent hydrogen or alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl groups, and the preparation thereof by reacting the corresponding substituted acetic acid with thionyl chloride or phosphorus pentachloride to form an acid chloride which is then reacted with ammonia or the required amine. In the examples a large number of compounds of the above general formul  are referred to in which R and R1 represent methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and benzyl groups, in which R and R1 together represent the tetra-, penta- and hexamethylene groups, and in which R2 and R3 represent hydrogen and methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, allyl, butyl, cyclohexyl and benzyl groups.  Substituted hydantoins of the general formula <FORM:0752692/IV(a)/3> wherein R and R1 have the above significance, are prepared by reacting the required ketone <FORM:0752692/IV(a)/4> ammonium carbonate and sodium cyanide.  A number of substituted hydantoins are prepared containing the radicals detailed for R1 and R2 above.  Disubstituted acetic acids of the general formula <FORM:0752692/IV(a)/5> wherein R and R1 have the above significance, are prepared by hydrolysing the substituted hydantoins referred to above, e.g. with barium hydroxide.  The preparation of a -ethyl-a -propylamino-acetic acid is detailed, and other compounds in which R and R1 represent the specific groups referred to above may also be prepared.  a -Benzamido-disubstituted acetic acids of the general formula <FORM:0752692/IV(a)/6> are prepared by treating the disubstituted acetic acids referred to above with benzoyl chloride and caustic soda and treating the product with hydrochloric acid.  A number of compounds which can be prepared by this method are specified in which R and R1 represent the specific groups referred to above.  a -Phthalimido-disubstituted acetic acids of the general formula <FORM:0752692/IV(a)/7> wherein R and R1 have the above significance, are prepared by the direct fusion of phthalic anhydride and the disubstituted acetic acids referred to above.  The preparation of a ,a -diethyl - a  - phthalinidoacetic acid is detailed and other compounds in which R and R1 represent the specific groups referred to above are also referred to.
Patent GB-1363836-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of 2 5-dichloro-3-nitro-benzoic acid
IPC: C07C67/00
Filed: 1973-03-21
Abstract: 1363836 Preparation of 2.5-dichloro-3- nitrobenzcic acid BAYER AG 21 March 1973 [22 March 19721 13579/73 Heading C2C The invention comprises a process for the preparation of 2,5 - dichloro - 3 - nitrobenzoic acid in which 5-chloro-3-nitrosalicylic acid is reacted with an amount of a chlorinating agent (e.g. SOCl 2 , POCl.,) sufficeint to introduce a chlorine atom into the benzene ring of the 5-chloro-3-nitrosalicylic acid as well as to form the acid chloride in the presence of a N,N- dialkylcarboxylic acid amide (e.g. N,N-DMF) or a tertiary amine (e.g. N,N-diethylaniline) as catalyst and the produced acid chloride is saponified under acid conditions, the chlorination being optionally carried out in a solvent (toluene) and preferably under reflux.
Patent GB-1357039-A (GB)
Title: Electrolytic grinding apparatus
IPC: B23H5/08
Filed: 1972-03-23
Abstract: 1357039 Abrasive wheels HITACHI SEIKO Ltd 23 March 1972 [31 March 1971] 13713/72 Heading B3D [Also in Division C7] Electrolytic grinding apparatus comprises an electrode grinding wheel 5 formed by a plurality of sectoral electrode units 6 insulated from each other, and a brush 9 for supplying A.C. or D.C. electric current only to those electrode units (units 6 1  and 6 2  as shown) which are directly engaged in the electrolytic grinding operation at any given time. The brush may contact the electrode units directly, via plates having a lower coefficient of friction than the wheel and attached to each electrode unit (Fig. 5, not shown), or via a sectoral conducting ring, each sector of which is electrically connected to one of the electrode units forming the grinding wheel (Fig. 6, not shown). The electrode units 6 may be formed of graphite and may have diamond, metal carbide or other abrasive grain particles embedded in the grinding surface thereof.
Patent GB-181578-A (GB)
Title: An improved animal trap
IPC: A01M23/32
Filed: 1921-05-17
Abstract: 181,578. Magee, R. F. S. May 17, 1921. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Animal traps.-A trap for catching animals alive comprises a net 3 stretched over jaws 1, 2 controlled by a spring 5. The spring 5 is kept in the locked position by the bevelled end 5a engaging the bevelled end 6<a> of a reciprocating bolt 6 which is maintained in position by a plate 7 having a spring at its pivot. The animal stepping on plate 7 releases the *bolt 6, and the spring 5 closes the jaws.
Patent GB-904995-A (GB)
Title: Polymerization of olefinic hydrocarbons
IPC: C08F210/12
Filed: 1961-04-17
Abstract: Copolymers of iso-butylene and a multi-olefinic hydrocarbon are made by reacting 75,0-99,9 parts by weight of isobutylene with 0,1-25,0 parts by weight of the multi-olefinic hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst formed by mixing a compound of a heavy metal from Group IV(b), V(b) or VI(b) of the Periodic Table, and an organo-metallic compound of a Group III(a) metal, in the molar ratio of the organo-metallic compound to the heavy metal compound of less than 1,3, and in the presence of less than 200 parts by weight of an inert diluent, e.g. a hydrocarbon, per 100 parts by weight of polymerizable hydrocarbon.  The polymerization is effected at a temperature below 0 DEG C.  The Periodical Table referred to is shown on pages 448-9 of the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 1960 published by the Chemical Rubber Publishing Company, Cleveland, Ohio.  Specified multi-olefines are butadiene, pentadiene, 2-methyl butadiene, 2,3-di-methyl butadiene, and hexadiene-1,3.  The exemplified catalyst is titanium tetrachloride and aluminium triisobutyl.