Patent GB-796193-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to power-assisted steering mechanisms for road vehicles
Inventor: JEFFERY HAROLD
IPC: B62D5/087
Filed: 1956-01-04
Abstract: 796,193. Fluid-pressure servomotor-control systems. CLAYTON DEWANDRE CO., Ltd. Dec. 27, 1956 [Jan. 4, 1956], No. 339/56. Class 135. [Also in Group XXXI] The invention relates to power steering mechanism of the kind comprising a power cylinder 1 which is adapted to be interposed between the drop arm of a vehicle's steering box, or its equivalent, and the drag link or other movable component of the steering assembly, and which is operated by pressure developed in a constant flow hydraulic circuit under the control of a valve 4 actuated by the drop arm. According to the invention the control valve 4 comprises two face-type double-acting valve elements 8 and 8a each disposed between two axially opposed annular valve seats 101, 10<SP>11</SP> and 10a<SP>1</SP>, 10all respectively and movable axially into engagement with one or the other thereof, the valve seats being arranged to provide passage for the flow of liquid from a pump to a reservoir (not shown) and communication between both sides of the power piston 2 and the pump and reservoir, and the valve elements 8, 8a being operable by means of a common actuator 6 to interrupt the flow and cut off one side of the piston from the pump and maintain it in communication with the reservoir and cut off the other side of the piston from the reservoir and maintain it in communication with the pump. The actuator 6 comprises a spindle which is slidably mounted in the casing 5 of the control valve 4 and is connected with the drop arm (not shown) of the steering box. The valve casing 5 is connected on its side remote from the cylinder 1 with the drag link (not shown). The spindle 6 has offset radial arms 7, 7a which slidably receive stems 9, 9a of the valve elements 8, 8a. The valve elements 8, 8a are urged by springs 11, 11a away from the valve seats 101, 10a<SP>1</SP> and towards the valve seats 10<SP>11</SP>, 10a<SP>11</SP>, respectively, the former valve seats being smaller than the latter. The heads of the valve elements are located in chambers 10, 10a and are normally held clear of the larger seats 10<SP>11</SP>, 10a<SP>11</SP> by the arms 7, 7a. The chambers 10, 10a communicate through a passage 12 with an inlet 14 from the pump in the hydraulic circuit, and through the interior of the casing with an outlet 15 leading to the reservoir. The chamber 10 communicates with the adjacent end of the power cylinder 1 through a passage 16, and the chamber 10a with the far end of the cylinder 1 through a passage 16a and a hollow wall 17 of this cylinder. In the neutral condition of the valve as shown in Fig. 1, the hydraulic liquid flows freely from the pump through the inlet 14, valve chambers 10, 10a and the outlet 15 to the reservoir. When the steering-wheel is rotated the spindle 6 is moved to allow one of the valve elements 10, 10a to be moved by its spring on to its larger seat so as to cut off one end of the cylinder 1 from the reservoir but leave it connected to the pump. The other valve element is moved by the spindle on to its smaller seat so as to cut off the other end of the cylinder from the pump but leave it connected to the reservoir. The piston 2 is anchored to the vehicle frame so that the result is that the cylinder 1 is moved to actuate the drag link. The pressure acting on the valve element which is seated on its smaller seat is tending to return this valve element to the neutral position and this reaction is transmitted through the spindle 6 to the steering-wheel to provide " feel " for the driver. In a modification (Fig. 2, not shown) which is stated to be more sensitive, the valve elements are of annular form and are slidably mounted on the spindle 6 concentrically therewith, the radial arms 7, 7a being dispensed with. The spindle passes concentrically through all the valve seats, and has two axially spaced annular shoulders each abutted by one of the valve elements under its spring loading.