baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-627578-A (GB)
Title: Nitriles
Filed: 1946-08-16
Abstract: Nitriles are prepared by reacting acrylonitrile with a cyclic diketone of the type <FORM:0627578/IV (b)/1> in which R is a tetravalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, which may contain an interrupting oxygen or sulphur atom, said radical having at least two carbon atoms and having two of the four valence bonds attached to each of two separate carbon atoms in said radical, whereby two molecules of acrylonitrile are condensed on each of the carbon atoms adjacent to the carbonyl groups of the diketone.  The radical R may, for example, be <FORM:0627578/IV (b)/2> The nitriles may be reduced to amines, e.g. by heating with hydrogen under pressure in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst such as finely-divided nickel. They may be hydrolysed to form octobasic acids, e.g. by means of alkali and then neutralising the salt formed with a strong mineral acid, or by hydrolysing with an acid, e.g. sulphuric, hydrochloric or phosphoric acids.  Esters may be prepared by reacting the nitriles with an alcohol such as methyl, ethyl, benzyl, allyl, cyclohexyl and chloroethyl alcohols in the presence of an aqueous acid catalyst or by reacting the octobasic acid with the alcohol in the presence of an esterification catalyst.  The acids may be converted to amides by heating with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine, or to acid chlorides by reacting with thionyl chloride or phosphorus pentachloride.  Mixed products may also be prepared by partially completing any of the above reactions, e.g. compounds containing two or more groups such as nitrile, acid, amide and ester groups.  The acids and esters are stated to be valuable in the synthesis of non-linear condensation polymers and the esters, especially those of higher molecular weight alcohols are valuable plasticisers for synthetic plastics.  In examples: (1) acrylonitrile is added dropwise to a mixture of 4,41-diketodicyclohexyl, dioxane and a small amount of trimethyl benzyl ammonium hydroxide.  After the addition is complete the reaction mass is further stirred and an equal volume of water then added.  The white crystalline precipitate is removed by filtration and consists of 3,3,5,5,31,31,51,51-octa beta cyanoethyl-4,41-diketo dicyclohexyl; (2) the product of (1) is heated with phosphoric acid, the reaction mixture diluted with water, cooled and filtered and the precipitate dissolved in sodium hydroxide, heated and then an excess of concentrated hydrochloric acid added. On cooling, white crystals of the octobasic acid separate; (3) the ethyl ester of the octabasic acid of (2) is obtained by refluxing the acid with ethyl alcohol in the presence of sulphuric acid; (4) the octabasic acid obtained in (2) is heated with octadecylamine in an inert atmosphere, the product being the N-octadecyl amide.  The diketone starting materials are prepared by the hydrogenation of diphenols under pressure in the presence of a finely-divided nickel catalyst and then oxidising or dehydrogenating the hydrogenated diphenols produced.
Patent GB-1067223-A (GB)
Title: Iodine doped xerographic plates
IPC: G03G5/14
Filed: 1964-06-12
Abstract: 1,067,223. Xerographic plate containing selenium, iodine and arsenic. BANK XEROX Ltd. June 12, 1964 [July 8, 1963], No. 24426/64. Heading H1K. An xerographic plate includes a photoconductive insulating layer, said layer comprising a mixture of selenium, arsenic and iodine. The arsenic and iodine may be distributed substantially throughout the layer or confined to a thin surface layer thereof. In the former case, a layer 1-300 Á thick and containing 0À5-10% As and 25-5000 p.p.m. I in vitreous Se is a suitable combination whereas in the latter case, 0À5-20% As and 25-5000 p.p.m. I as a layer on vitreous Se is suitable. The electrically conducting support member may be a brass, aluminium or steel plate, metallized paper, plastic sheet coated with Al or CuI, glass coated with Cr or Sn oxide. The plates may be prepared by heating a mixture of ultra pure Se, As and I in sealed tube and then evaporating the mixture under vacuum on to the support. Another method of preparation is to mix iron powder with the mixture after heating, further heat the mixture and then vacuum deposit the mixture. In another embodiment, the support is first coated with Se and then with a mixture of Se, As and I to give a thin layer on the Se. A self-supporting photo-conductive layer may be made.
Patent GB-528031-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for the production of tablet glasses, ampoules and the like
IPC: C03B23/09
Filed: 1939-08-24
Abstract: 528,031. Glass manufacture. DICHTER, J. Aug. 24, 1939, No. 24436. Convention date, Aug. 25, 1938. Addition to 467,282. Drawings to Specification. [Class 56] A machine for making tablet tubes and like vessels from glass tubing, as described in the parent Specification is provided with devices for shaping the bottoms of the tubes either by blowing in moulds or by the pressure of flat plates, either device being fitted to the machine as required. Specification 516,627 also is referred to.
Patent GB-932125-A (GB)
Title: Cross-linked copolymers
IPC: C08J9/28
Filed: 1959-07-16
Abstract: A polymerized mass constituted by an aggregation of micro beads resistant to stresses, the aggregated micro beads being visible in an electron photomicrograph and defining a network of microscopic channels extending throughout the mass, is composed of a cross-linked copolymer of (1) a polyunsaturated monomer containing a plurality of CH2=C> groups in non-conjugated relationship and (2) a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer. The mass can be prepared by the method of Specification 932,126. Lists of suitable components are given and include heterocyclic nitrogen compounds.  The products may be ion exchange resins, and methods of their preparation are given. Specification 654,706 also is referred to.ALSO:A polymerized mass, constituted by an aggregation of microbeads resistant to stresses, the aggregated microbeads being visible in an electron photomicrograph and defining a network of microscopic channels extending throughout the mass, is composed of a cross-linked co-polymer of (1) a polyunsaturated monomer containing a plurality of CH2=C< groups in non-conjugated relationship and (2) a mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The mass can be prepared by the method of Specification 932,126. Lists of suitable components are given and include heterocyclic nitrogen compounds.  The products may be ion exchange resins e.g. cation exchangers of the sulphonic or carboxylic acid type, or anion exchangers of the strong or weak base type, and methods of their preparation are given.  Specification 654,706 also is referred to.
Patent GB-244220-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to smokers' accessories or companions
IPC: A24F19/00
Filed: 1924-10-15
Abstract: 244,220. Hayward, E., and Howeson, A. C. E. Oct. 15, 1924. Ash - trays; cigar and cigarette holders.-A device for extinguishing cigars and cigarettes and for withdrawing them from holders comprises a gripper such as 3<c>, Fig. 1, mounted upon an ash-tray or other support 2 and adapted to be operated positively by the hand holding the cigar or cigarette. The gripper 3<c> is formed by a spring strip 3 fixed at 3<a> and co-acting wich a rigid strip abutment 4, the gripper 3<c> being opened by pressure on an arm 3<b> of the strip 3. The strip 4 may be replaced by a bridge-like strip extending horizontally over the tray or support 2. In a further modification the strip 3 may be secured, or pivoted and spring-held, to the side of a match-box holder mounted on a tray, an abutment being formed on the to coact with the strip. As shown in Fig. 5, the abutment comprises a fixed cone 8. the moving member comprising an inner cone 10 mounted on a spring strip 13, an extension 13a of which forms the operating means. The spring strip 13 may be replaced by a helical spring on a central rod support upon which the cone 10 is made to slide, an operating strip being, in this case, secured to the cone 10. In another similar construction the abutment comprises an inner inverted cone, the movable member comprising an outer inverted cone mounted on a spring strip such as 13 and provided with an operating strip extension. In the construction shown in Fig. 7 a spring clip' extinguisher comprises a pair of metal plates 15 the outer ends 16 of which are held together to form jaws by means of a cylindrical plate spring 17 through which the inner ends 15<a> of the plates 15 project. The spring 17 is mounted on a support 18 on a tray 1. A cylindrical sliding member 20, enclosed in an apertured cylindrical casing 19, is formed in one side with a triangular aperture bounded by upwardly converging flanges 21, the inner faces of which engage the ends 15a of the plates 15. When the member 20 is pressed downwards by a knob 23 the flanges 21 press the ends 15a of the plates 15 towards each other, thus opening the jaws 16. The member 20 is returned by a spring 22. The flanges 21 may be formed by bending out, along oblique lines, the edges of a vertical slit formed in the member 20.
Patent GB-630607-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for starting electric discharge devices
IPC: H05B41/10
Filed: 1944-12-07
Abstract: 630,607. Supply systems for discharge apparatus. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Dec. 7, 1944, No. 24535. Convention date, Dec. 9, 1943. [Class 38 (iv)] A voltage adequate to start discharge in a lamp is applied across the electrodes from a transformer and a current responsive automatic switch is provided for reducing the number of turns of the transformer winding across the same electrodes for running conditions, as shown, current through switch coil 16 after starting short circuits section 6 of the transformer secondary which had previously been across the electrodes in series with section 7. The transformer primary has additional turns 14 to step up the voltage applied to the condenser 13. In a modification an autotransformer with a tapped secondary is used. Specification 14175/03, [Class 38], is referred to.
Patent GB-1440674-A (GB)
Title: Pyroelectric effect devices
IPC: H01L37/02
Filed: 1973-05-23
Abstract: 1440674 Pyroelectric devices; image pick-up tubes DEFENCE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR 22 May 1974 [23 May 1973] 24557/73 Headings H1K and H1D In a pyroelectric device, e.g. as shown in Fig. 1, an infra-red detector, to compensate for insensitivity due to inadequate absorption in the 8 to 13 micron infra-red band by plate 1 of pyroelectric material, a layer 2 of an organic or organosilicon polymer which is more absorbent in the said band is in thermal contact with plate 1. The pyroelectric material may be single crystal or polycrystalline lead germanate or lead germanate silicate, and has an average thickness not greater than 100 microns. Single crystal material is cut with the major surfaces perpendicular to the trigonal C-axis. The absorbent layer has an average thickness less than that of the pyroelectric layer and may be p.v.c. or polyvinylidene fluoride applied as a solution or as a melt, or polymers of cyclohexane, acetone, hexene-1, diethyl ethers or hexamethyldisiloxane applied by vapour or plasma deposition. The charge on pyroelectric layer 1 resulting from irradiation appears on absorbent layer 2 by conduction or tunneling and is detected by conventional means connected to opaque nickel-chromium electrode 3 and transparent gold electrode 5. The device may alternatively be the target of an infra-red camera tube, as shown in Fig. 5, wherein layer 21 is the pyroelectric material, layer 22 the abosorbent material and layer 23 the single nickel-chromium electrode.
Patent GB-1528690-A (GB)
Title: Containers for goods
IPC: B65D19/44
Filed: 1976-06-14
Abstract: 1528690 Evacuable containers AIRFLEX CONTAINERS Ltd and CDD HICKEY 3 June 1977 [14 June 1976] 24575/76 Heading B8K [Also in Divisions G3 and H1] The pressure difference between the outside and the inside of a partially evacuated container of the type comprising a rigid, impermeable, base 3 and a flexible, impermeable, cover 4 is maintained between limits by an electrically operated evacuating device which is actuated when the difference falls to a lower limit and a relief valve which operates when the difference exceeds an upper limit. The container is intended for use in aircraft and the evacuating device may be a valve connecting the container to atmosphere when at high altitude but as shown it is a vacuum pump 6. An excessive pressure difference, as might occur upon landing, might collapse shock absorbing mountings for the container contents (not disclosed) and this is prevented by the relief valve. A suitable combined pressure operated switch and relief valve is described (Fig. 2, not shown).
Patent GB-621060-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to high pressure metal vapour electric discharge lamps
IPC: H01J61/54
Filed: 1946-08-19
Abstract: 621,060. Metal-vapour lamps. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and FRANCIS, V. J. Aug. 19, 1946, No. 24637. [Class 39 (i)] A high-pressure metal vapour lamp 10 of the short-arc high brightness type has main electrodes 11, 12, and more closely spaced auxiliary electrodes 13, 131 to facilitate starting. These latter are arranged so that the flare extends throughout the greater part of the main arc path without obstruction from either main electrode. Tungsten coils 18, 19 serve to support active material. The sources for the auxiliary and main discharges may be isolated. When the electrodes are disposed so as to obtain a vertical main arc path (Fig. 1, not shown) instead of a horizontal one as shown, only the lower of the auxiliary electrodes need be retained. Dimensions and operating data of some practical embodiments are given. Specifications 510,828, 550,581 and 581,461, [Group XXXV], are referred to.
Patent GB-299579-A (GB)
Title: Improved bed mattress
IPC: A47C23/06
Filed: 1927-09-20
Abstract: 299,579. Jowett, B., and Jowett, F. Sept. 20, 1927. Mattresses.-A mattress surface of laths a secured in spaced relation by webbing straps b is supported by two or more transverse rows of upholstery springs e mounted on cross bars c. Extensions d<2> of the webbing straps are detachably secured over studs c<2> on blocks c<1> mounted on the cross bars. The mattress is positioned on the bedstead frame by lugs c<3> on the cross bars.
Patent GB-378660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tins, cartons or like containers for pulverised or liquid material
IPC: B65D47/28
Filed: 1931-09-03
Abstract: 378,660. Tins, cartons, &c. STEVENSON, A., Victoria Mills, Pollard Street, Manchester.-(Morris, R. ; 31, Flinders Lane, Melbourne, Australia.) Sept. 3, 1931, No. 24766. [Classes 18 and 66.] A tin, carton, &c. for pulverized or liquid material has a lid or cover c formed with a delivery hole g, or with a partly severed circular portion which can be pressed in to provide the delivery hole, the hole being normally covered by a slide e located in a depression d in the top of the lid and held in position by a sheet f of thick paper, cardboard, &c. The sheet f is slotted to form a guide way f<1> for the finger-piece e<1> of the slide and a slot f is formed above the hole g.
Patent GB-630866-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the construction of a moulded concrete structure
IPC: E02B3/06
Filed: 1946-08-20
Abstract: 630,866. Walls; building-blocks. DUBOIS, L. J. Aug. 20,1946, No. 24802. Convention date, Sept. 1, 1945. [Classes 20(iv) and 87(i)] [Also in Group XXI] In the elements of Specification 598,256 for forming part of the permanent shuttering of a moulded concrete wall, the appendage or tail 2, of solid cross-section, has its axis substantially at right angles to the main plane of the body of the element. As shown, the tails are supported by blocks 12 and 13 and have projecting reinforcements 9 connected to rods 10 embedded in the underlying cast-in-situ concrete 5. The width of the joints 7 between the elements may be adjusted by compressed concrete wedges 11. The surfaces of the elements may be roughened or corrugated to improve the bond with the concrete 5. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 also describes elements in which the tail is replaced by projecting reinforcements. As shown in Fig. 6 (Cancelled); these comprise V-shaped loops 15, 16 connected to hooks 17 embedded in the underlying concrete 5, and a peripheral wire coil 19 made rigid by a loop 20. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-906381-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in scribing screens
Inventor: MORRIS REGINALD BURFORD
IPC: G02B21/00
Filed: 1960-07-15
Abstract: 906,381. Scribing screens. KODAK Ltd. July 13, 1961 [July 15, 1960], No. 24839/60. Class 98 (2). A glass plate bears, in order, a chemically deposited silver layer of thickness between 30 and 200 x 10<SP>-6</SP> mms., an electrolytically deposited copper layer of thickness between 10 and 70 x 10<SP>-6</SP> mm., and a hydrophobic protective layer, which latter may be polyvinyl phthalate containing a pigment such as titanium dioxide. A design may be scribed thereon by a steel or diamond tipped tool and printed on to a matt photographic plate to give a positive print for use in a projector, or for use in the manufacture of maps or meter dials where great accuracy is required.
Patent GB-349387-A (GB)
Title: Process for spinning acid solutions of silk fibroin
IPC: D01F4/00
Filed: 1930-08-20
Abstract: 349,387. Artificial silk. I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKT.-GES., Frankforton-Main, Germany. Aug. 20, 1930, No. 24905. Convention date, Aug. 31, 1929. [Class 2 (ii).] Albuminoids, processes for making filaments from. -Refers to Specification 339,089 [Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], and consists in spinning a phosphoric acid solution of silk fibroin into two successive coagulating baths, the first having a slower action than the second. The first bath contains chiefly alkali salts of mineral acids, while the second bath contains one or more alkali salts of lower fatty acids. Alkali salts of hydroxy or keto acids may be added to one or both baths. After leaving the second bath the filaments are given a long air travel without stretch and are then stretched 5-8 times and afterwards washed on the spool, soaped and dried. To prevent adhesion of the filaments, an ethereal oil is added to the spinning bath. In an example, a solution of fibroin in phosphoric acid is prepared as described in Specification 339,089, with an addition of 0À04 per cent of turpentine oil, and is passed into a first coagulating bath containing sodium and potassium chloride, lactates, and formates, together with formaldehyde. After leaving the first bath, the thread is passed over a roller into a second bath consisting of a saturated solution of ammonium formate mixed with about #th of its volume of a 64 per cent sodium lactate solution. The second bath is made as long as possible, e.g. at least 50 cms. After an air travel of one or several metres, the thread is stretched. Soft, brilliant threads are obtained having a single titre down to one denier, dry tenacity up to 2 grams per denier, wet tenacity of more than 1 gram per denier, and extensibility of 12 per cent.
Patent GB-173276-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved artificial manure or fertilizer
IPC: C05C3/00
Filed: 1920-08-28
Abstract: 173,276. Molassine Co., Ltd., and Whalley, H. C. S. de. Aug. 28, 1920. Manures.-A manure consists of finely divided peat or peat moss, and an ammonium salt, such as ammonium sulphate, in such proportions that the ammonia given off when the products is applied to the soil is sufficient to neutralize the free acids in the peat or to render the peat slightly alkaline. Calcium carbonate may be added to the manure when the soil is deficient in this substance, and any other artificial or natural manures may be added. Specifications 14487/15 and 152,779 are referred to.
Patent GB-328177-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of balls
IPC: B21H1/14
Filed: 1929-08-15
Abstract: 328,177. Putsch, A. Aug. 15, 1929. Rolling balls; axial rolling.-Balls are rolled to shape in a pair of grooved rolls a, b, one roll having a higher peripheral speed than the other to feed the blank n, the section of the groove being circular but the adjacent flanges i and k being longer and shorter so that their meeting faces are out of line with the middle diameter. There may be a succession of pairs of rolls, one set above another, each roll having several grooves.
Patent GB-164643-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to valves
IPC: F16K1/48
Filed: 1920-08-30
Abstract: 164,643. Bloch, L. Aug. 30, 1920. Spindles.-A screw-down valve is connected to the operating-spindle by means of a universal joint. The screwed spindle 7 terminates at its Tower end in an annular flange 12 and is provided with a socket 11. The valve member 16 is provided with a socket 18 and is retained on the end of the spindle by a screwed sleeve 13 which permits a limited amount of relative movement. A ball 19 fits into the sockets 11, 18. A fibre washer 21 fits into a recess 20 and is retained in position by a nut 22.
Patent GB-277511-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in brakes for toy vehicles
IPC: G05G5/18
Filed: 1926-10-08
Abstract: 277,511. Lines, W. Oct. 8, 1926. Brake mechanism.-In brake lever mechanism for children's vehicles, constructed to resemble the, brake levers of motor-vehicles, the resilience of the control lever is utilized to permit of its disengagement from the teeth of a rack. In the construction shown in front and side elevation in Figs. 1 and 2, the brake lever 3 is pivoted on a screwed pin 4 at the lower end of a plate 1 having an arcuate upper edge. bent over to form ratchet teeth 2 extending at right-angles to the face of the plate. The lever 3 is twisted at 3<b> so that the upper part 3a is inclined, and the lever is set up with a slight deflection, so that the resilience of the strip normally retains it in engagement with one of the teeth 2. The greater part of the flexure of the lever during disengagement t takes place between the pivot 4 and the teeth 2. The plate 1 is mounted on the body of the vehicle by screws 8 and nuts 9, and is spaced from the body (lying between washers 10; 11) by spacing- collars 12.
Patent GB-694622-A (GB)
Title: Wave guide for electromagnetic surface waves
IPC: H01P3/10
Filed: 1951-10-26
Abstract: 694,622. Wave-guides. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Oct. 26, 1951 [Nov. 18, 1950], No. 25100/51. Class 40 (viii). In a wave-guide for surface waves comprising a metal wire 1 provided with a surrounding dielectric layer, the latter is formed by separate dielectric bodies 2, threaded on the wire at distances small compared to the operating wave length. The bodies may be in the form of thin discs as shown in Fig. 1 or beads, as shown in Fig. 2. The wire 1 may be coated with a thin enamel layer to fill spaces between the wire and the dielectric members.
Patent GB-481673-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of a new sulphone
IPC: C07D333/48
Filed: 1936-09-15
Abstract: 3 - Chloro - 4 - hydroxycyclotetramethylene sulphone is prepared by treating 3 : 4-dehydrocyclotetramethylene sulphone with chlorine in the presence of water.  Suitably, an aqueous solution or suspension of the starting material is treated with chlorine water or gaseous chlorine.  An organic solvent, e.g. acetic acid or alcohol, and an acid-binding agent, e.g. calcium carbonate, may also be present. Examples are given.  The starting material is obtainable from butadiene and sulphur dioxide, as described in German Specification 506,839.
Patent GB-499980-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to advertising devices
IPC: G09F23/16
Filed: 1937-09-16
Abstract: 499,980. Displaying. McGLOIN, F. J. Sept. 16, 1937, No. 25181. [Class 3 (ii)] In a combined advertising device and clock, the time indicator comprises a coloured arrow c marked on an endless band d which is driven by a clock or the like in any suitable way. The displayed part of the band d moves in a rectilinear path which has on one side of it hour numerals c and on the other side advertisements f which may take the form of representations of an article, or the actual article. An audible signal may sound at intervals. Specification 480,005 is referred to.