Patent GB-995357-A (GB)
Title: Synthesis of a-nor-steroids
IPC: C07J61/00
Filed: 1962-03-06
Abstract: The invention comprises A-nor-allo-pregnane compounds of the general formula <FORM:0995357/C2/1> and <FORM:0995357/C2/2> wherein Y and Z each represent hydrogen or a methyl group (not more than one Z being methyl), R11 represents an acyl radical, R111 represents an acyl radical and X represents a halogen and of the general formula <FORM:0995357/C2/3> wherein Y and Z have the above significance and R11 represents hydrogen or an acyl radical, and a process for the preparation of A-norallopregnane compounds of the general formula <FORM:0995357/C2/4> wherein R represents hydrogen, R1 represents b -hydroxy or b -acyloxy or R and R1 together represent keto and Y and Z have the above significance, by oxidizing steroids of the general formula <FORM:0995357/C2/5> wherein Y and Z have the above significance, with chromic oxide in acetone or an aluminium alkoxide to form the corresponding 3,20-diketo compound, further oxidizing this compound with chromic oxide in acetic acid or potassium permanganate in acetic acid to form a 2,3-seco-allopregnane of the formula <FORM:0995357/C2/6> wherein Y and Z have the above significance, reducing this compound with an alkali metal borohydride to form the corresponding 20-hydroxy compound, cyclizing this compound and decarboxylating the product by treating with a carboxylic acid anhydride and then heating to a temperature between 175 DEG  and 250 DEG  C. to form an A-nor-allopregnane of the general formula <FORM:0995357/C2/7> wherein Y and Z have the above significance and R11 represents a carboxylic acyl radical, reacting this compound with an alkylating or acylating agent to form an A-nor-allopregnene of the general formula <FORM:0995357/C2/8> wherein R11 and R111 represent ucyl radicals or R11 represents a carboxylic acyl radical and R111 represents an alkyl radical (Y and Z having the above significance), (the previous step may be modified by hydrolysing the 20-acyloxy group in the reactant, treating the resulting 3-keto-20-hydroxy compound with the acylating or alkylating agent-in the latter case a 3-ether-20-hydroxy compound is obtained and a further step of acylating the 20-hydroxy group is necessary), halogenating this compound to form a 1a -halo-A-nor-allopregnene of the general formula <FORM:0995357/C2/9> wherein X represents a halogen and Y, Z and R11 have the above significance, treating this compound with an alkali metal alkoxide to form an A-nor-4-pregnene of the formula <FORM:0995357/C2/100> wherein Y, Z and R11 have the above significance and, when required, saponifying to the corresponding 20b -hydroxy compound and, when required, oxidizing the 20b -hydroxy group to a 20-keto group.  The above process may be modified in that the initial 3,20-diketo-allo-pregnane reactant is prepared by oxidizing the corresponding 3b ,20b -dihydroxyallopregnane which is obtainable by catalytically hydrogenating a steroid of one of the general formula <FORM:0995357/C2/111> wherein Y and Z have the above significance, in the presence of a noble metal catalyst, or by reducing a steroid of the second general formula immediately above with liquid ammonia and an alkali metal.  Specification 921,156 is referred to.