Patent GB-965246-A (GB)
Title: Organic ammonium compounds
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1961-01-05
Abstract: The invention comprises organic ammonium compounds of formula: <FORM:0965246/C1/1> where R1 is a hydrocarbon radical, optionally substituted, R2 and R3 are hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals, optionally substituted, and R4 is an alkylene radical, optionally substituted, and two of the radicals R1, R2 and R3 may be linked to form a heterocyclic ring. R1, R2 and R3 may be substituted with free, esterified or etherified hydroxyl groups or carbocyclic or heterocyclic radicals, and R4 may be substituted with alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or aryl radicals.  The compounds may be prepared by reacting an amine with an epoxide and sulphur dioxide, or with an addition product of ethylene oxide and sulphur dioxide, or by reacting a tertiary amine with a glycol sulphite. The reaction may be carried out with or without an inert solvent, e.g. water, dioxane or methylene chloride. In examples compounds are prepared by reacting ethylene oxide and sulphur dioxide with dodecyldimethylamine, dodecylamine and (HO.CH2.CH2.O.CH2.CH2)3N; by reacting the addition product of ethylene oxide and sulphur dioxide with dodecyldimethylamine, cyclohexyldimethylamine, stearylmethylamine, oleyldiethanolamine, triethylamine and products obtained by reacting ethylene oxide with triethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine and stearylmethylamine; by reacting propylene oxide and sulphur dioxide with stearylmethylamine; and by reacting glycol sulphite with dodecyldimethylamine and triethanolamine.  A list of amines suitable for preparing the compounds is given including amines, alkanolamines, ethers of alkanolamines, esters of alkanolamines, 2-(dimethylaminomethylene)-tetrahydrofuran, piperidine, N-methylpiperidine and N-methylmorpholine. Other epoxides mentioned are glycide and styrene oxide.ALSO:Organic ammonium compounds which may be used as the reducing component in the redox system in the polymerization of unsaturated compounds, have the formula: <FORM:0965246/C3/1> where R1 is a hydrocarbon radical, optionally substituted, R2 and R3 are hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals, optionally substituted, and R4 is an alkylene radical, optionally substituted, and two of the radicals R1, R2 and R3 may be linked to form a heterocyclic ring.  R1, R2 and R3 may be substituted with free, esterified or etherified hydroxyl groups or carbocyclic or heterocyclic radicals, and R4 may be substituted with alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or aryl radicals.  In the polymerization of acrylonitrile an aqueous solution of a compound of the above formula is added to a mixture of acrylonitrile, acrylic acid methyl ester, water, sulphuric acid and potassium peroxide disulphate, under nitrogen, and the polymerization carried out at 50 DEG C. with shaking.ALSO:The formation of electrostatic charges on synthetic fibres is prevented by contacting with organic ammonium compounds of formula <FORM:0965246/D1-D2/1> where R1 is a hydrocarbon radical, optionally substituted, R2 and R3 are hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals, optionally substituted, and R4 is an alkylene radical, optionally substituted, and two of the radicals R1, R2 and R3 may be linked to form a heterocyclic ring.  R1, R2 and R3 may be substituted with free, esterified or etherified hydroxyl groups or carbocyclic or heretocyclic radicals, and R4 may be substituted with alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or aryl radicals.  Compounds of the above formula are used to spray and impregnate polyamide fibres, based on e -caprolactam, polyacrylonitrile fibres, polyester fibres and polyvinylchloride fibres.