baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1016763-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to foamed polymers
IPC: C08J9/12
Filed: 1961-12-27
Abstract: A process for the preparation of foamed polymers comprises supersaturating the polymer with a gas and thereafter, at a temperature below the softening point of the polymer but at which the polymer will foam, establishing a pressure difference between the external gas pressure on the polymer and the internal pressure in the polymer sufficient to cause foaming of the polymer. Preformed articles can be shaped, supersaturated with inert gas and then foamed so as to retain the original shape.  Suitable gases are nitrogen, argon, neon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, krypton, air and low molecular weight polyfluoro and polyfluorochloro and bromo compounds. Suitable polymers are polycarbonates, polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride and their copolymers, polyamides, polyesters such as polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polymethyl a  - chloroacrylate, polystyrene, acrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, cellulosic polymers such as nitrocellulose, and ethyl cellulose, acetal polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene and polyvinyl fluoride. The supersaturation can be effected at any temperature below the decomposition temperature. Foaming can be carried out by removing the supersaturating gas at room temperature and then heating the polymer in a fluid bath, or the polymer can be saturated to such an extent that it foams at room temperature and pressure.  Where the polymer was molten when supersaturated, it is cooled to a temperature below its softening point and the pressure is released to foam the plastic.  The products can be used in vesicular image photography or in letterpress printing make-ready.
Patent GB-1357051-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of alkynes
IPC: C07C11/22
Filed: 1972-10-06
Abstract: 1357051 Alkynes SHERWIN-WILLIAMS CO 6 Oct 1972 [21 Oct 1971] 46355/72 Heading C5E Alkynes are prepared by heating a halogenated precursor with at least a stoichiometric amount of a partially reacted alcoholate of an alkali metal and a C 2 -C 8  aliphatic polyol having a ratio of alkali metal to free hydroxyl groups of 0À2 : 1-1 : 1. The halogenated precursor has one of the general formulae R.CHX.CHX.R<SP>1</SP>, RCH 2 CX 2 R<SP>1</SP> or R.CH=CXR<SP>1</SP> where X is halogen and each of R and R<SP>1</SP> are C 1 -C 20  aliphatic, C 6 -C 10  aryl, C 7 -C 12  aralkyl or taken together R and R<SP>1</SP> form a carbon bridge of 3 to 14 atoms. The alkyne product is evaporated from the reaction mixture and by-products recycled to the reaction mixture. The reaction may take place at 100-240 C. in the presence of an iodine catalyst. An example describes the preparation of ethylacetylene by dehydrohalogenating 1,2- dibromobutane with a sodium partial alcoholate of diethylene glycol (prepared from 2À6 mols. of glycol per mol. Na).
Patent GB-1175640-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of Improved Conjugated Diene Polymers
Inventor: BEAN ARTHUR ROBINSON JR
IPC: C10M143/12
Filed: 1968-10-03
Abstract: 1,175,640. Increasing the molecular weight of polymers. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. 3 Oct., 1968 [5 Oct., 1967], No. 46916/68. Heading C3P. [Also in Division C5] An inactive conjugated diene polymer is reacted in solution with a lithium alkyl compound and a polyhalohydrocarbon or a polyvinyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbon. In the examples, a polystyrene-polybutadienepolystyrene block copolymer is reacted with sec.-butyl lithium and dibromethane and polybutadiene is reacted with secondary butyl lithium and dibromoethane or divinyl benzene. The process reduces cold flow by increasing the higher molecular weight fraction.
Patent GB-1087315-A (GB)
Title: Benzimidazole derivatives and process for the preparation thereof
IPC: G03G5/06
Filed: 1964-11-19
Abstract: Cyanine and merocyanine dyes are prepared by condensing a compound of the formula <FORM:1087315/C4-C5/1> wherein R1 represents an alkyl, substituted alkyl, aralkyl or substituted aralkyl group, X represents an acid anion and R2 represents a group known in cyanine dye chemistry, e.g. an alkyl, substituted alkyl, allyl, aryl or substituted phenyl group with a variety of heterocyclic compounds. Examples 1-5 describe the preparation of specific carbocyanine dyes. Styryl dyes are prepared by condensing the above benzimidazolium salts with a p-dialkylaminobenzaldehyde, preferably in the presence of acetic anhydride.ALSO:The invention comprises benzimidazole derivatives of the formula <FORM:1087315/C2/1> wherein R1 represents an alkyl, substituted alkyl, aralkyl or substituted aralkyl group. The compounds are prepared by the reduction and cyclisation of 2 - nitro - 4,5 - difluoroacetanilide with hydrogen and Raney nickel in the presence of acetic acid, followed by alkylation of the resulting 2-methyl-5,6-difluorobenzimidazole. The compounds are used in the synthesis of dyes (see Division C4).  Examples relate to compounds in which R1 is a methyl or ethyl group.  2 - Nitro - 4,5 - difluoroacetanilide may be made by nitrating 1,2-difluorobenzene to 1,2-difluoro-4 -nitrobenzene, reducing this to the corresponding amine, which is then acetylated to give 4,5-difluoroacetanilide which on nitration gives the 2-nitro compound.
Patent GB-1194407-A (GB)
Title: Brominated Siloxanes and their preparation
Inventor: HOLMAN DONALD JOHN
IPC: C07F7/18
Filed: 1967-10-18
Abstract: 1,194,407. Brominated siloxanes. BERK Ltd. 1 Oct., 1968 [18 Oct., 1967], No. 47454/67. Heading C3S. The invention comprises brominated siloxanes of formula where R is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is 0, 1 or 2. The compounds are prepared by oxidizing compounds of formula R x (Br 5 C 6 O) 3-x SiCl. In an example silicon tetrachloride is reacted with pentabromophenol to obtain chlorotris-(pentabromophenoxy)-silane and this is oxidized with mercuric oxide to obtain hexa-(pentabromophenoxy) disiloxane. The compounds of the invention may be added to synthetic polymers as fire retardants, the effect being enhanced by also adding arsenic oxide or sulphide, antimony oxide or sulphide or an organic antimonate.
Patent GB-980102-A (GB)
Title: Phenyl polysiloxanes
IPC: C08G77/00
Filed: 1962-12-18
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the formula <FORM:0980102/C3/1> where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, e.g. methyl or phenyl, and a is 0 or 1.  They are prepared by reaction of a bis-(di-organohydroxysilyl) benzene with 1,3-dichlorotetraphenyldisiloxane or 1,5-dichlorohexaphenyltrisiloxane, in the presence of a hydrogen halide acceptor, e.g. a tertiary amine, particularly pyridine, preferably in a suitable inert solvent. Polymers of recurring unit <FORM:0980102/C3/2> where a and R are as above, are prepared from the compounds (I) by heating them in inert atmosphere at 300-400 DEG  C., or, preferably, by heating them with a catalyst at 110-170 DEG  C. A suitable catalyst is a 0.01-1% dispersion of KOH in octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, with the monomer dissolved in the minimum of an inert solvent.  Copolymers are prepared, using the same procedure, with a mixture of a compound (I) with another, or with other cyclic polydiorganosiloxanes, e.g. those described in Specifications 980,101, 980,103, 980,104, 980,105, 980,106, 980,107, 980,108 and 980,109.  The homopolymers with units (II) cannot be cross linked, but copolymers containing vinyl groups or adjacent methyl substituted silicon atoms, can be cured with ionizing radiation, e.g. 50,000 to 20,000,000 eV electrons, or by conventional free radical (e.g. peroxide or zirconyl nitrate) curing agents. The polymers may be cured in the presence or absence of fillers to give silicone rubbers. Suitable fillers are silica aerogel, fumed silica and precipitated silica (preferred) and titanium dioxide, calcium silicate or carbonate, ferric or chromic oxide, cadmium sulphide, asbestos, lithopone, talc, carbon black, glass fibres &c. in amount 20-300 parts per 100 by wt. of polymer.  Examples describe the preparation of compounds (I) where R is methyl and a is O, and where R is phenyl and a is 1, and their polymerization, and the copolymerization of the former with 1,1,5,5-tetramethyl-3,3,7,7-tetra-phenylcyclotetrasiloxane, to give a copolymer which is mixed with 40 parts per 100 of precipitated silica and irradiated to give a rubber. Transformers are encapsulated in the homopolymers.  Uses:-Gaskets in automotive transmission, oven-door seals, electrical insulation.
Patent GB-1400715-A (GB)
Title: Graft copolymers
IPC: C08L55/02
Filed: 1971-10-14
Abstract: 1400715 Graft polymers and compositions thereof IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 28 Sept 1972 [14 Oct 1971 1 Nov 1971] 47793/71 and 50637/71 Heading C3G A graft copolymer has a diene rubber substrate and a superstrate which is a homogeneous copolymer comprising acrylonitrile and aromatic olefin, the diene rubber substrate and the superstrate having refractive indices differing by 0À003 and 0À008 from each other. A graft copolymer having a diene rubber substrate and a superstrate which is a homogeneous copolymer of acrylonitrile and an aromatic olefin may be blended with a homogeneous acrylonitrile/ aromatic olefin resin containing 86 to 93% molar of units of acrylonitrile, the blend containing 1 to 50% by weight of rubber, the resin having a refractive index of at least 0À002 unit lower than that of the superstrate and the resin, substrate and superstrate having refractive indices differing from each other by from 0 to 0À008. In the examples, a butadienestyrene rubber is grafted with acrylonitrile and styrene and blended with acrylonitrile-styrene resin.
Patent GB-1309897-A (GB)
Title: Low sound level single facer corrugating machine
IPC: B31F1/28
Filed: 1971-10-14
Abstract: 1309897 Laminates HARRIS-INTERTYPE CORP 14 Oct 1971 [9 Nov 1970] 47890/71 Heading B5N [Also in Division D1] A corrugating machine comprises fluted rollers 18, 20 and smooth surfaced pressure roll 30, the flutes being bowed and intermeshing with those of the other roller. Preferably the bowing is symmetrical with a straight line interconnecting the ends 50E of a single flute spaced from the midpoint 50M of the flute by at least one pitch. This ensures that roll 30 does not reciprocate towards and away from roll 20 by the height of the flute crests as contact is made alternatively with a crest and a valley. Noise is reduced thereby. In operation paperboard 12 is passed over a tensioning roll, a web trimmer, a second tensioning roll, a preheating roll 14, a steam shower 16 and transversely corrugated by hollow steamheated rolls 18, 20, crescents 22 serving to retain the paperboard on roll 20. Starch is applied to the paperboard from bar 26 by roll 24 and liner web 28 which has been passed around preheater rolls is pressed against the paperboard by roll 30.
Patent GB-997938-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to combination filter and separator units
IPC: B01D29/00
Filed: 1962-12-19
Abstract: 997,938. Filters and coalescers for liquids. G. J. TOPAL. Dec. 19, 1962 [Jan. 2, 1962], No. 47968/62. Heading BID. Oil containing solid and liquid contaminants is introduced at 22, heated at 26 and passed through a solenoid-operated valve 32 to a chamber 34. Thence it passes outwards through filter elements 12 inside which solids are retained and on the outer surface of which coalesced droplets of water collect. The water and other vaporizable contaminants are evaporated by the heat from the oil, and the vapours pass over the top of cylinder 40 and are condensed in space 38 by a water-fed cooling coil 42. Filtered oil is received in a sump 54 whence it passes under a bell 56 to the inlet 58 of a pump 60. Condensed impurities collect at 44 but pass continuously to a tank 50 maintained under vacuum. When an electrode 70 is contacted by rising condensate, a valve 48 is closed, tank 50 is connected to atmosphere, and a drain valve 90 is opened. The discs 20 forming the filter elements 12 are of glass fibre and thermosetting resin construction, and are compressed during curing of the resin.
Patent GB-1099875-A (GB)
Title: Magnetic logic circuit
IPC: H03K19/16
Filed: 1965-11-12
Abstract: 1,099,875. Recoders. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORPORATION. Nov. 12, 1965 [Nov. 16, 1964], No. 48106/65. Heading G4H. A logic circuit in which each input variable is associated with two magnetic cores Sm1, Sm2, Fig. 1, has output leads Se1 . . . Ser threaded through the cores so that a positive pulse Ue at the input induces a positive pulse in output leads threading the first core and a negative pulse in output leads threading the second core. The input signal and its complement may be applied simultaneously on two leads Ex, E#x or they may be applied on the same lead, a positive impulse inducing a positive pulse in one core Sm5, Fig. 3, and a negative pulse in the second core Sm6. The logic circuit may be employed in a translator (Fig. 4) when an input of for example #a, b, #c induces a negative pulse only in loop Se1 since the diodes DK in the other loops are back-biased. Hence an output d, e, #f is obtained.
Patent GB-1160268-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic Check Floor Door Springs
Inventor: EDSON ARTHUR DANIEL
IPC: E05F3/10
Filed: 1965-11-12
Abstract: 1,160,268. Hydraulic check door springs. STANMORE SPRINGS Ltd. 11 Nov., 1966 [12 Nov., 1965], No. 48127/65. Heading E2M. A floor door spring, comprising a stub 7 for the door, spring means 16 for closing the door, and a check device for limiting the doorclosing rate and having a cam 1 and dashpot 4 the movable element 19, 20 of which bears against the cam profile, is characterized in that the cam profile comprises a run 2 which rises steeply in the sense that its throw with respect to said movable element increases as the cam turns from the fully open door position, and a run 3 which rises in the same sense as run 2 but has a gentle rise in comparison therewith, said run 3 being arranged to displace the movable element after the cam has turned through a predetermined angle α (e.g, 10 to 15‹), the arrangement being that during initial movement of cam the rate of movement through a given angle is less than the rate through the same angle after the cam has turned through said predetermined angle α.
Patent GB-1135138-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric resistance heater elements
IPC: H01B1/14
Filed: 1967-10-23
Abstract: 1,135,138. Lighters. KANTHAL A.B. 23 Oct., 1967 [24 Oct., 1966], No. 48129/67. Heading F4F. [Also in Divisions C7, H2 and H5] Molybdenum disilicide heating elements 10, 14, with comparatively thin incandescent zones 13, 15, and thicker terminal portions 11, 12, and 16, 17, have their thin zones formed by chemical action upon the elements. A mixture of nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid and water is used, and any parts of the element not to be subjected to the chemical decomposition during treatment are protected by an acid resistant surface coating of plastics. The molybdenum disilicide elements may contain up to 40% by volume of ceramic additions, such as glass or silicon carbide, rich in SiO 2 . The elements are used for gas igniters or in cigarette lighters. The terminal portions 11, 12, have flame-sprayed aluminium contact portions 11A, 12A.
Patent GB-1536124-A (GB)
Title: Engine ignition system with spark advance
IPC: F02P5/155
Filed: 1975-11-25
Abstract: 1536124 Ignition generators ELTRA CORP 25 Nov 1975 [25 Nov 1974] 48429/75 Addition to 1442787 Heading H2A [Also in Division F1] An ignition system is of the form disclosed in Specification 1,442,787 but has a modified trigger signal-producing rotor comprising arcuate permanent magnets 63<SP>1</SP> in slots 79 in a single-piece, or laminated, member 25 of magnetic material having an outer periphery eccentrically disposed relative to the rotor axis, with opposite poles of the magnets 63<SP>1</SP> being adjacent a radial slot A in member 25, the slot A producing trigger signals in trigger coils 23 to give rise to ignition pulses below a predetermined engine speed, and a notch C adjacent slot A giving rise to advanced ignition above this speed. Inner and outer segments 81, 83 of the member 25 are joined by a bridge 87, serving as a magnetic short for the adjacent ends of magnets 63<SP>1</SP>, and by legs 85 defining the slot A and serving to produce a highly concentrated field for inducing the trigger signals in coils 23.
Patent GB-1503509-A (GB)
Title: Anchoring arrangements for inflatable buildings
IPC: E04H15/22
Filed: 1974-11-14
Abstract: 1503509 Anchoring inflatable envelopes N A BOYCE 16 Feb 1976 [14 Nov 1974] 49223/74 Heading E1A An inflatable envelope of plastics sheet material for a building or site cover is secured to a foundation by a first rope or cable 10 e.g. polyvinylchloride covered steel cable, lying in a tuck or hem at marginal portions of the envelope. The hem is provided with two rows of apertures, one on each side of the fold in which the cable 10 lies and through which a second rope or cable e.g. of nylon, is wound concentrically with and helically around the first cable. Securing means 18 is provided to engage the second rope or cable at intervals therealong. The hem may be provided by folding the plastics sheet and securing it by elongate welds 6 leaving a depending skirt 22 to seal with the envelope floor. The cable 10 may be under tension.
Patent GB-1030349-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for continuously sterilising various products in large institutions, particularly hospitals
IPC: B65B55/02
Filed: 1963-12-16
Abstract: 1,030,349. Roller conveyers. RUD A. HARTMANN GROSS - APPARATE UND SPEZIAL MASCHINEN G.m.b.H. & CO. Dec. 16, 1963 [Dec. 17, 1962], No. 49631/63. Heading B8A. [Also in Divisions A2 and A5] A sterilizing apparatus for carrying out continuous sterilization of various products, is characterized in that for all the products involved use is made of containers of the same size which pass in succession through a sterilization chamber working at a pressure of over 2 atmospheres above atmospheric. in that the individual containers are deposited on a roller bed, inclined downwards and having a retaining means, preferably by a conveyer device, while the retaining means releases the container situated on the roller bed when the admission door of the sterilization chamber reaches the open position, in that after entering the chamber the container is held fast by a braking or retaining means, and in that on completion of sterilization the braking or retaining means is released when the outlet door reaches the open position. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the containers 1 holding the goods to be sterilized are fed by conveyer belt 2 to roller bed 3, which is provided with a rocking lever 5 which is rotatable about the point 6. In the position illustrated in Fig. 2, the container 1 is held fast on roller bed 3 by the nose 7 of lever 5. When door 10 is lowered the nose 11 of door 10 contacts stop 9 and rocks the lever 5 into the position shown in Fig. 1. The container is thus freed and rolls along bed 15 into sterilization chamber 4, where it is fixed by a retaining device. When door 10 is closed, stop 9 is released and lever 5 rocks into the position shown in Fig. 2. Nose 8 thereby moves downwards so that the next container can pass on to roller bed 3. When sterilization is completed, the door 14 is opened, and the retaining means situated in chamber 4 is caused by a stop (not shown) to free container 1 which can then roll over roller bed 15 of the chamber under the action of gravity on to conveyor belt 16. The door 14 is then closed, the door 10 opened, whereupon a new container automatically enters chamber 4 and is sterilized by the same process. All the above operations may be controlled automatically by known means.
Patent GB-1479560-A (GB)
Title: Vacuum cleaner nozzle
IPC: A47L9/04
Filed: 1975-12-03
Abstract: 1479560 Vacuum cleaners ELECTROLUX Ltd 3 Dec 1975 [19 Dec 1974] 49645/75 Heading A4F A vacuum cleaner nozzle 10 has an elongate suction opening 11 containing a brush 13 connected to one end of at least one arm 15 whose other end is rotated by means such as an eccentric disc 18 driven by an electric motor (not shown) the or each arm being supported between its ends, e.g. by a vertically adjustable bearing device 16, so that the or each arm can both tilt and move longitudinally to impart an elliptical motion to the brush. As the brush moves forward in the opening 11 it is raised from the surface being cleaned but as it is moved back in the opening it is lowered to raise dust from the surface and to sweep particles on to a wedgeshaped wall 20 for entrainment by air-flow. On a modification (not shown) the bearing device is resiliently suspended so that the brush floats on the surface being cleaned when it is in contact therewith.
Patent GB-1484130-A (GB)
Title: Pyrolytic process and apparatus for solid waste disposal
IPC: C10B53/00
Filed: 1974-10-25
Abstract: 1484130 Pyrolysing sludge or refuse D KUNII 25 Oct 1974 [26 Oct 1973] 49981/73 Heading C5E A process for the continuous pyrolysis of organic solid sludge or refuse comprises circulating powdered and particulate inorganic heating media (of 0À2 to 4 mm. mean particulate diameter) in a reactor A and a regenerator B arranged side by side and supplying the sludge of refuse (of 0À3 to 100 mm. mean particulate diameter) (optionally mixed with inorganic heating media) via hopper 1 and screw feeder 2 through inlet 3 disposed in a central region of reactor A wherein it is pyrolysed forming a fluidized bed 4 the pyrolysed product then being discharged together with heating media and by-product carbon to the fluidized bed 13 in the regenerator wherein the carbon materials are burned, the heating media then being recirculated to the reactor. Super heated steam fed into the reactor and regenerator maintains the height of each fluidized bed greater than three times the greatest horizontal dimension of the reactor or regenerator, and the regenerator is maintained throughout at a temperature of 500‹ to 1000‹ C., air and combustion gas being supplid thereto via inlet 14. Inorganic residuals in the pyrolysed sludge or refuse together with heating media may be discharged from outlets 28, 29. Outlets 6, 19 carry gas produced in the process from the apparatus and may be connected to a cyclone separator 7 or 20.
Patent GB-1224806-A (GB)
Title: A method for formation of a layer of titanium carbide at the surfaces of a component of titanium or titanium alloy and parts treated by said method
Inventor: ADER MARTIN MARCEL MARIE
IPC: C23C8/44
Filed: 1968-10-23
Abstract: 1,224,806. Carburizing titanium. CENTRE STEPHANOIS DE RECHERCHES MECANIQUES HYDROMECANIQUE ET FROTTEMENT. Oct. 23, 1968, No. 50287/68. Heading C7U. A titanium or titanium alloy part is given an oxidation-resistant and friction-reducing coating by induction heating it to a surface temperature higher than 1100‹ C. in a fluid based on either or both of carbon disulphide and carbon tetrachloride heating being effected by an inductor operating at, at least 0.2 megacycles/sec. and a power of at least 40 kW /sq-dm for a duration of less than 3 seconds, the treatment possibly being repeated up to a maximum of 5 minutes duration. The fluid may also contain graphite, sulphur, or sodium or lithium carbides. It may be liquid, as a bath or a spray, or it may be supplied as vapour or in a neutral gas carrier, the flow in either case being intermittent or continuous. Alternatively the vapour flow may fluidize a bed of graphite, sulphur or carbide in the reaction chamber. Prior to carburizing the work may be pre-heated by heating to 600‹-850‹ C. for 1 to 20 hours in a graphite-filled chamber, or may be heated to that temperature for at least 5 hours under a vacuum of 10<SP>-4</SP>mm of mercury.