baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-479657-A (GB)
Title: A process for the polymerisation of olefines
IPC: C10G50/00
Filed: 1937-06-17
Abstract: Normally gaseous hydrocarbons containing tertiary and non-tertiary olefines of 4 and/or 5 carbon atoms are contacted at elevated temperature with a polymerization catalyst under such conditions that the tertiary olefines are predominantly polymerized to form gasoline-type polymers the residual gases then being subjected to thermal non-catalytic polymerization. Acid-acting catalysts, if desired in the form of solid complex compounds or incorporated in solid carriers, may be used.  Such catalysts are mineral oxy-acids, e.g. phosphoric, phosphorous, sulphuric, and arsenic acids, phosphorus acid anhydrides, acid salts, and oxy-halides, inorganic halides, e.g. chlorides of Al, Zn, Mg, Fe, Ni, Be, Sn, and Ti, and fluorides of B, Be, As, and P, or their complex compounds with nitro-hydrocarbons, acids, ethers, or other metal halides, and acid-acting salts such as ZnSO4, CdSO4, PbSO4, BiOCl, and Cd3(PO4)2. Calcined mixtures of phosphoric acids and siliceous materials are particularly suitable.  Metals, e.g. Zn, Al, and Group 8 metals, and hydroxy compounds, e.g. water and alcohol, may be used in conjunction with the catalysts.  The olefine-containing gases may be treated with an absorption oil to remove C3 or C2 hydrocarbons and heavier, the oil then being fractionated to obtain a C3 or C2, C3 fraction, and a C4 and heavier fraction.  This latter fraction is heated to 250--425 DEG  F. and passed over the catalyst, the product then being fractionated to separate the polymer and residual gases which, if desired after addition of the previously separated C3 or C2, C3 fraction, are heated to above 900, preferably above 1100 DEG  F., and passed through a reactor in which time is allowed for polymerization. Superatmospheric pressures may be employed.  The product is quenched, e.g. with polymer gasoline produced in the process, to cool it below about 800 DEG  F. and is fractionated to separate tar and heavy polymers, and residual gas from the gasoline-like polymers which are largely aromatic.  This residual gas may be returned to the oil absorption stage or part mixed with the residual gases from the catalytic polymerization. By the use in the catalytic polymerization of a temperature of about 300--425 DEG  F., and preferably below 400 DEG  F., and by limiting the time so that the ratio of tertiary to total olefines polymerized is not less than about 0.5, a gasoline of high octane number and lead response, particularly after hydrogenation, is obtained.  If the catalytically treated reaction mixture contains free acid it may be neutralized prior to further treatment.
Patent GB-748090-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to percussion drilling machines for boring earth
IPC: E21B1/02
Filed: 1953-06-18
Abstract: 748,090. Earth-boringapparatus. SJOSTROM, A. June 18. 1953 [Dec. 23, 1952], No. 16923/53. Class 85 In a percussion rock-drilling machine the bit-supporting cable 2 is connected to a wirich drum 30 driven intermittently from a continuously rotating shaft 24 through a clutch 23 26 that is disconnected by a pin 29 on a constantly rotating disc 28 acting on a disc 27 secured to the spring-biased part of the clutch 26.
Patent GB-755054-A (GB)
Title: Method and means for centrifugally separating kettle soap
IPC: C11D13/02
Filed: 1954-06-09
Abstract: 755,054. Centrifugal separators. SOC. ANON. FRANCAISE POUR LA SEPARATION L'EMULSION ET LE MELANGE, PROCEDES S. E. M. June 9, 1954 [June 11, 1953], No. 16945/54. Class 23. Soap stock supplied by a pipe 6 is separated in a bowl 1, impurities discharging over a lip 8 and purified soap being withdrawn by a pipe 9. The separator has a casing 11 provided with an inlet 12. The impurities are collected in a container 13 having inlets 15, 16, and an outlet 14 for the impurities. Before charging the separator is heated by steam supplied through the inlets 12, 15, and during separation the separator is maintained at 90‹C. by steam supplied through the inlet 12. The discharge of the impurities is facilitated by steam supplied through the inlet 12. Dimensions of the separator are given in the Specification.
Patent GB-594919-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to thermionic valve amplifiers
IPC: H03G3/06
Filed: 1945-07-04
Abstract: 594,919. Thermionic switching circuits. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. and MOIR, J. July 4, 1945, No. 17003. [Class 40 (iv)] A circuit arrangement for enabling a plurality of signal sources 5, 5, 8 to be selectively amplified through a common channel, consists of a corresponding number of valves 1 ... 3, in which all the anode-cathode circuits are in parallel and any of which may be rendered conducting or non-conducting by changing the bias on its suppressor grid 13. With the switch 11 open bias from battery 9 cuts off the valve. Closing the switch raises the potential of the suppressor grid 13 and lowers the potential of the cathode thereby reducing the bias to make the valve conducting, the output being taken off via the condenser 4. Condensers 14 eliminate sparking across the switch contacts. An adjustable tapping on the potentiometer 10 may be used for volume control. The switches 11 may be remotely controlled as described in Specification 593,601, [Group XXXVIII]. Specification 593,771, [Group XL], also is referred to.
Patent GB-900721-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transformer windings
IPC: H01F41/00
Filed: 1960-05-13
Abstract: 900,721. Transformers. MASCHINENFABRIK OERLIKON. May 13, 1960 [May 20, 1959], No. 17030/60. Class 38 (2). The low-voltage winding 1 of a transformer is surrounded by a tubular wrapping 2 of pleated paper, the ends of which are splayed open as shown and the whole, including high-voltage coils 3 and insulating strips 4, is placed in a mould 6 and a first thin envelope of epoxide resin, free from fillers and solvents, is formed and hardened thereon. Metal screens 5 may be provided. The resin may be a hardenable metal-modified epoxide resin or a metal-organic glycidyl polyether, details of the composition of both and of the hardening times and temperatures being given.
Patent GB-981034-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the recording of stationary optical images
IPC: G03G5/022
Filed: 1961-05-10
Abstract: 981,034. Electro photographic recording. ZEISS IKON A.G. May 10, 1961 [May 10, I960], No. 17032/61. Heading G2H. A process for the production of a record of static optical images uses a recording medium comprising a support in the form of a plate or strip covered successively with a conducting layer and an insulating layer, and a photoconductor layer on a conducting base. The two are engaged together and exposed to an image of the scene to be recorded, whereby, either as a result of precharging of the recording medium or of the simultaneous application of a source of D.C. (which may be pulsating) to the photo-conductor layer and to the conducting layer of the recording medium, a charge-image corresponding to the scene is produced on the recording medium. Finally, an electric current is applied to the conducting layer of the recording medium to heat the said conducting and insulating layers thereof and thereby to convert the said charge-image into an image which is directly visible or which becomes visible upon illumination in a dark field. The recording medium may comprise a support of film or paper, a transparent insulating layer of polystyrene, thermoplastic material or material which changes colour with heat such as iodine compounds or  potassium permanganate and finally a transparent conducting layer of stannous oxide. The photoconductor layer may comprise for example selenium antimony trisulphide on a grid form conductor on a suitable support. The insulating layer of the recording medium preferably has greater capacity for holding charge than the photo-conductor layer and for this purpose may consist of a material having the property of permanent electrical remanence for example Rochelle salt, barium titanate and certain phosphates. Other factors being equal, the insulating layer may be made thicker than the photo-conductor layer for the same purpose. If the photo-conductor layer has a high resistance in the dark or if the back of the recording medium carries an insulator, the charge image may be stared, for example rolled-up, prior to making the charge image visible. Colours may be recorded using the lenticular screen process by arranging for the exposed surfaces of the supports for the photoconductor and the recording medium to be lenticulated (Fig. 9 not shown). Alternatively, only the support for the recording medium need bear the lenticulations. Cameras equipped with the necessary charging means, conductor rails for contacting exposed portions of the conducting layer of the recording medium and optical means for viewing the visible images are illustrated in Figs 6 and 8 (not shown).
Patent GB-271277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in bobbin holders
IPC: D05B91/14
Filed: 1926-07-07
Abstract: 271,277. Schneideman, I. July 7, 1926. Reel holders. - Relates to reel holders of the kind in which a series of reels are mounted on spindles in a portable frame. According to the invention the holder comprises a heavy metal base 1 and a frame 3 one side of which is hinged at 10 and slotted at 12 to receive a portion 6 on the frame which is holed to receive a padlock 7. A number of reel-spindles 14 are secured to the fixed side of the frame and their free ends enter holes 15 in the hinged side when the frame is closed. A thread guide 18 is fixed to the frame and extends parallel to the spindles 14 in front thereof. In a modification the padlock is replaced by a spring actuated catch on the hinged member which engages with the slotted end of the frame and which can only be retracted by means of a key.
Patent GB-170607-A (GB)
Abstract: 170,607. Poe, R. L. April 21, 1920. Cooking-ranges; air supply for combustion; ovens. - Relates to the supply of air for combustion in cooking- ranges and to pressurerelieving means for the oven. The hollow side cheeks B<1> are formed with fine vertical slits E<5> and holes B<7> in inclined faces at the top and receive preliminarily heated air from a passage extending under the bottom oven flue. In a modification, Fig. 8, the cheeks are displaced inwardly so that they receive air from the back and any entering ash drops into the ash-pan. The pressure-relief door E' of each oven normally rests lightly by gravity in the closed position Fig. 5, and after movement is returned to closed position by a handle outside the oven.
Patent GB-545607-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sparking plugs for internal combustion engines
IPC: H01T13/54
Filed: 1940-11-29
Abstract: 545,607. Sparking-plugs. ZANZI, E. Nov. 29, 1940, No. 17066. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, May 22, 1941.] [Class 7 (iv)]  The central electrode 2 is insulated from the body 1 by a mica washer pack 3 fitted on the electrode and provided on the end face with a wide and deep circular groove 10 forming an extension of the chamber . 6.. As shown, inner and outer copper tubes 5, 9 and mica tubes 4, 8 are provided.
Patent GB-868108-A (GB)
Title: Heat interaction of chlorinated butyl rubber and carbon black
IPC: C08L23/28
Filed: 1958-05-28
Abstract: A mixture of butyl rubber and chlorinated rubber containing from 0,1 to 10,1 by weight of chlorine is blended with a carbon black and heat treated at between 200 DEG  and 500 DEG F. for from 3 minutes to 12 hours sufficient for interaction, but so that neither thermal degradation or vulcanization of the blend take place.  The butyl rubber is a copolymer of a major proportion C4-C7 iso -olefine and a minor proportion of C4-C14 multiolefine, preferably 90-99% by weight of isobutylene and 10 to 1% by weight of isoprene with an iodine number 0,5 to 50 (Wijs) and a Staudinger molecular weight of 20,000 to 100,000, and preferably from 10 to 200 parts of carbon p  black should be used per 100 parts of polymer.  Promoters for the heat interaction are not essential but from 0,1 to 5,0 parts may be present per 100 parts of chlorinated butyl rubber.  The blends may be compounded with conventional ingredients by a master-batch method and the compositions show decreased stiffness and increased resiliency on vulcanization, and may be used in the manufacture of tyres.
Patent GB-1327729-A (GB)
Title: Clutch mechanism
IPC: F16D25/12
Filed: 1972-04-13
Abstract: 1327729 Friction clutch BORG-WARNER CORP 13 April 1972 [19 July 1971] 17093/72 Heading F2C A pneumatically operated friction clutch comprising a presser plate 13 which clamps a driven plate 11 against a housing 9, has a first piston and cylinder 19, 18 which when actuated engages the clutch, a collet 21 which, acting as a wedge, holds the clutch engaged independent of the air supply, and a second piston and cylinder 20, 18a which release the collet 21 to allow diaphragm spring 14 to disengage the clutch. As shown a spool valve 32 is moved firstly to admit air to a passage 26 from which it passes, via a passage in collet 21 to chamber 26b, and also via a seal 28 to chamber 27b, this causes cylinder 18 to move to engage the clutch through spring 14 (acting as a lever). A rod 23 attached to cylinder 18 is gripped by collet 21 to prevent disengagement of the clutch when the spool 35 is returned to a neutral position. On moving the spool the opposite way air supplied to chamber 27b (through passage 27) moves piston 19, and the collet 21 attached to it, to allow the spring 14 to disengage the clutch. A bearing 24 permits the inlet ports 26, 27 to be stationary whilst the pistons and cylinders rotate.
Patent GB-529947-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of dyed gelatin layers for photographic purposes
IPC: G03C7/388
Filed: 1939-06-13
Abstract: 529,947. Photographic gelatin layers. GASPAR, B. June 13, 1939, No. 17243. Convention date, June 23, 1938. [Class 98 (ii)] Dyes, dye formers or derivatives thereof which yield dyes or dye formers when decomposed are incorporated in a dilute aqueous gelatin solution, an electrolyte is added to cause flocculation and the separated gelatin containing the dye &c. is used to prepare photographic gelatin layers after being washed free from electrolyte. The dye formers or dye derivatives may be converted into dyes before the flocculation of the gelatin. In examples : (1) 1 gm. Chloramin red is dissolved in 1 litre of water and 10 gms. of soaked gelatin added. Ammonium sulphate is used to flocculate the gelatin &c. which, after washing, is melted, mixed with water and silver halide emulsion ; (2) a silver halide emulsion is prepared as in example 1 but using diazolichlgelb 2G ; (3) a dilute gelatin solution is prepared as in example 1 but using the bisulphite compound of Parared instead of Chloramin red. Caustic soda is added to liberate the dyestuff and the dilute gelatin solution flocculated as in example 1. The process may be employed to prepare antihalation and filter layers. Specifications 496,559 and 510,884 are referred to.
Patent GB-1466834-A (GB)
Title: Multinozzle cleaning system
IPC: B08B3/02
Filed: 1975-04-25
Abstract: 1466834 Cleaning vehicles EUROCLEAN AB 25 April 1975 [16 May 1974] 17258/75 Heading B7J [Also in Division A4] A system, e.g. a vehicle cleaning installation, for spraying cleaning liquid through several discrete nozzles 12 comprises a number of constant flow pumps 19 but with a single common pipe 15 feeding the pump outputs to the nozzles, the output of the nozzles controlling the number of pumps operating at any one time by variations of the pressure in the supply pipe operating control means to cut pumps in or out as required. In the described embodiment, a drop of pressure in the pipe 15 due to opening of a nozzle 12 is detected by a pressostat P which, through a stepping relay 28, cuts in a pump. Pumps are brought in successively as more nozzles are opened. When a nozzle closes, flow through a return pipe 24 to a supply tank 21 for the pumps increases and a sensing device 26 cuts out a pump via a relay 28. Pressure through the flow return pipe 24 is adjusted by a control valve 25. Each nozzle connection may include a detergent injector 17.
Patent GB-746850-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for moulding and packing bonbons
IPC: A23G3/02
Filed: 1953-06-22
Abstract: 746,850. Moulding bon-bons. THEEGARTEN, F. June 22 1953 [March 12, 1953]. No. 17260/53. Class 87(2) Relates to apparatus for moulding and packing bon-bons in which the moulding takes place in temporarily cylindricallyclosed chambers between moulding plungers or members which are movable towards one another axially in the chambers. the moulding machine being connected with the packing machine by means of a transporting chain, and is characterized in that after the moulding operation has been carried out the bon-bons continue to be held by the moulding plungers or members acting in the direction of the axis of the revolving moulding tools, whereafter by the spacing apart of the plungers or members the bon-bons are transferred to the transporting chains which acts as a conveyer for feeding the moulded bon-bons to the packing machine. A continuous sugar strip is fed in the direction of the arrow 17 between upper and lower chains 13, 14, Fig. 1, each chain comprising a series of half moulds with projections between them which cut off sections from the strip and the sections are compressed in the moulds formed between the two chains, as they pass through the machine 10, by plungers 15, carried by the upper chain;, which enter both sides of the moulds by the action of cam tracks 16. Fig. 2. The upper chain is longer than the lower chain and when it leaves it, at 131, the plungers are still pressed towards one another so that the sweets are retained in the half moulds. When the discharge end of the upper chain 14 lies over the receiving end of the conveyer chain 12 the plungers move apart and the sweets drop into pockets in the chain 12 which conveys them to the packing machine 11, to which they are transferred by a plunger 18. Spring or other auxiliary ejecting means may be fitted. To ensure synchronism the mechanisms operating the plunger 18 and the machine 10 are connected by a shaft 19. In Fig. 3 the moulding machine comprises two discs 22, 24 between which sugar strip is fed in the directions 17. Projections from the rims of the discs meet and cut off sections from the strip which are pushed sideways into moulds formed by openings 21 in one face of the disc 22, Fig. 4, by plungers 25 carried by coaxial discs 26 and operated by cam tracks 27. Complementary plungers 25 carried in opposite discs 26 are caused to advance and the sugar is compressed in the moulds :between the plungers, which then move together in the same direction and carry the bon-bons between them out of the moulds, after which they are transferred to the conveyer 12 by retraction of the plungers. In a further embodiment the moulds are formed between projections from the perimeter of a wheel and flaps which drop over the openings, plungers entering sideways as before and compressing the sugar in the moulds. The flaps open and the bonbons continue to be held between the plungers until transferred to the conveyer, which takes them to the packing machine.
Patent GB-495303-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in glass electrodes
IPC: G01N27/36
Filed: 1938-06-10
Abstract: 495,303. Determining physical qualities of materials; batteries. JENAER GLASWERK SCHOTT & GEN. June 10, 1938, No. 17262. Convention date, June 24, 1937. [Classes 37 and 53] A hollow glass electrode for the measurement of hydrogen-ion concentration in solutions consists of a tube a of glass composed of 72 per cent of SiO2, 22 per cent of Na2O, and 6 per cent of CaO, the lower end of the tube being blown into the shape of a thin-walled bulb b, constituting the membrane. The interior of the bulb is coated with a metal layer c connected to a conductor d. To strengthen the membrane b, a thin layer e is applied on the metal layer c, the layer e consisting at least partly of viscous organic substances solidifying without sudden increase of volume and adhering tightly to the membrane, for example a mixture of 65 per cent of gum, 26 per cent of wax, and 9 per cent of Venetian turpentine. On the layer e is applied a thick layer f of cable cementing material. The strengthening layer e is at room temperature softer than the substance of the other layers, and may consist of solvent-containing resins, artificial resins, pitch or gum, or mixtures thereof. Organic glasses which are at room temperature above their transformation point may also be employed. The strengthening material may contain inorganic filling substances such as glass powder or carbon. Subsequently to depositing the strengthening layer on the interior, the glass membrane may be made thinner by treatment with hydrofluoric acid. The Specification also mentions a construction in which a strengthening layer of glass powder is sintered on the membrane and another in which the interior is filled entirely or partly with glass powder which is subsequently fritted.
Patent GB-515128-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric cables
IPC: H01B11/18
Filed: 1938-06-10
Abstract: 515,128. Cables. BRITISH INSULATED CABLES, Ltd., and PACKER, J. L. June 10, 1938, No. 17319. [Class 36], An air-space insulated cable comprises a straight conductor 1 centred within a tube, such as an outer conductor consisting of interlocking strips 4 bound together by a tape 5, by an insulating helical member 2 through which the straight conductor passes. The convolutions of the member 2 are laterally displaced relatively to one another in such a manner that portions of the member lie in contact with the conductor 1, the points 'of contact lying on a helical path on the surface of the conductor. The displacement may be effected by winding tightly over the member 2 an insulating thread or strip 3, as shown. The thread or strip may remain in the finished cable, or, when the member 2 is of thermoplastic material, the thread may be removed if the distorted member is heated sufficiently to remove the distorting forces. The member 2 may be extruded directly around the conductor 1, or a bobbin carrying a coil of the helical member may be mounted in a flyer which is spun around the conductor 1 so that the member is wound on the conductor turnby-turn, as shown in Fig. 4.