Patent GB-662683-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of fabrics
IPC: D06Q1/08
Filed: 1949-05-19
Abstract: Fabrics are rendered resistant to creasing by forming thereon a water-insoluble copolymer of 80-20 per cent by weight of a methylol melamine and 20-80 per cent of a methylated methylol melamine. Preferably the methylol melamine is a di-, tri- or tetra-methylol melamine, and the methylated compound is one having in the molecule at least 3 methylol groups, at least 2 of which are methylated, and at least 1 of which is not.  The fabric is impregnated with an aqueous solution of the mixture of melamine compounds and then dried and heated to cure the resin.  A mixture of methylated methylol melamines may be used with the methylol melamine.  Heat curing may be effected at 260-340 DEG  F. for 1-20 minutes.  Catalysts such as phenyl biguanide hydrochloride, diammonium phosphate, ammonium thiocyanate, magnesium or zinc chloride, hydrochloric or acetic acid, may be present in the solution.  Urea, biuret, acetamide, dicyandiamide, or other weak organic base may be present so as to react with any formaldehyde released during the curing.  In an example, a cotton fabric is impregnated with an aqueous solution containing dimethylol melamine, dimethyl trimethylol melamine, stearamido-ethyl diethyl methyl quaternary ammonium methyl sulphate and di-ethanolamine hydrogen phosphate.  The fabric is squeezed, dried, and heated at 290 DEG  F.  In other examples, the solutions contain mixtures of trimethylol melamine and dimethyl trimethylol melamine, of tetramethyl pentamethylol melamine, and tetramethylol melamine, and of mixtures of tetramethyl pentamethylol-, tetramethyl hexamethylol-, pentamethyl pentamethylol-, and pentamethyl hexamethylol-melamine and tetramethylol melamine.  Specified catalysts are phenyl biguanide hydrochloride, carbazide hydrochloride, and ammonium thiocyanate. Other specified ingredients are: S-di-1-(2-palmitamido-ethyl) urea monoacetate, trimethyl ammonium methyl sulphate of monostearyl metaphenylene diamine, and octadecyl pyridinium bromide.ALSO:Cotton fabrics are rendered resistant to creasing by forming thereon a water-insoluble copolymer of 80-20 per cent by weight of a methylol melamine and 20-80 per cent of a methylated methylol melamine.  Preferably, the methylol melamine is a di-, tri-, or tetramethylol melamine, and the methylated methylol melamine is one having in the molecule at least three methylol groups, at least two of which are methylated, and at least one of which is not methylated.  The fabric may be impregnated with an aqueous solution of the mixture of methylol melamine and methylated methylol melamine, the amount of resin-forming solids applied being equal to that applied with a single application of the solution with 100 per cent solution pick-up by weight on the fabric in the dry state where the solution contains 3 to 20 per cent of resin-forming solids by weight of the solution.  The fabric is then dried and heated to polymerize the resin to the water-insoluble state.  A mixture of methylated methylol melamines may be used with the methylol melamine.  Heat curing of the resin may be effected at 260-340 DEG  F. for 1-20 minutes.  If desired, the fabric may be partially dried after impregnation and then passed through a friction or embossing calender or other mechanical finishing apparatus, and the polymerization of the resin may be effected during the mechanical finishing treatment. Catalysts such as phenyl biguanide hydrochloride, diammonium phosphate, ammonium thiocyanate, magnesium or zinc chloride, acetic, or hydrochloric acid may be included in the treating solution.  Urea, biuret, acetamide, dicyandiamide, or other weak organic nitrogen containing base may be present in order to react with any formaldehyde which may be released during the curing of the resin.  In an example, a cotton seersucker fabric is impregnated with an aqueous solution containing dimethylol melamine, dimethyl trimethylol melamine, stearamido-ethyl diethyl methyl quaternary ammonium methyl sulphate, and di-ethanolamine hydrogen phosphate.  The fabric is squeezed, dried, and then heated at 290 DEG F.  In other examples, the impregnating solutions contain mixtures of trimethylol melamine and dimethyl trimethylol melamine, of tetramethyl pentamethylol melamine and tetramethylol melamine, and of tetramethyl pentamethylol-, tetramethyl hexamethylol-, pentamethyl pentamethylol-, and pentamethyl hexamethylolmelamine and tetramethylol melamine.  Specified catalysts include phenyl biguanide hydrochloride, carbazide hydrochloride, and ammonium thiocyanate. Other specified ingredients are: S-di-1-(2-palmitamidoethyl) urea monoacetate, trimethyl ammonium methyl sulphate of monostearyl metaphenylene diamine, and octadecyl pyridinium bromide.  The fabric may be sized with sulphonated tallow prior to treatment with the melamine resin components.