Patent GB-873070-A (GB)
Title: Phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing polymers
Inventor: DRAYSON FREDERICK KEITH
IPC: C10M159/12
Filed: 1960-04-12
Abstract: Phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing polymers of olefines having in the molecule at least four but not more than 25 carbon atoms are made by polymerizing one or more of the olefines in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a component (A) which is a compound of a metal of a Group 4(a), 5(a), 6(a), or 7(a) of the Mendeleeff Periodic Table, and a component (B) which is either a Group 1, 2, or 3 metal, or alloy thereof, an organo-metallic compound, or a hydride of a Group 1, 2, or 3 metal, tin, or lead, and reacting the polymer so obtained with a halophosphonating agent, i.e. a trivalent halide of phosphorus or a trivalent compound of phosphorus containing two or more halogen atoms and possibly one hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group, in the presence of oxygen or a gas containing molecular oxygen, and then reacting the so-formed phosphonyl halide of the polymer with an amine, preferably in the presence of an alcohol or phenol.  The phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing polymer may be contacted with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. The preferred catalyst component (A) is titanium, tin, or lead tetrachloride, and the preferred (B) component organo-metallic aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium trialkyls.  The olefines are preferably purified before polymerization.  The polymerization is effected in an organic solvent, generally a hydrocarbon or a chlorinated hydrocarbon.  The polymerization may be effected batchwise or continuously.  The halophosphonating agent may be phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus tri-iodide or mixtures thereof, phosphine dichloride, methyl- or ethyl-phosphorus dichloride, or phenyl-phosphorus dichloride.  The halophosphonating reaction is generally effected with the polymer dissolved in an inert solvent, such as carbon bisulphide, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, benzene, chlorobenzene, or acetyl chloride.  The amination may be effected with any aliphatic or aromatic compound containing a-NH2 or > NH group and a long list of suitable compounds is given in the Specification.  The polymer containing halogen and phosphorus is preferably treated with the nitrogen-containing compound in the presence of an aliphatic or aromatic alcohol, phenol, polyhydric alcohol or partial ether or ester of a polyhydric alcohol.  The phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing polymers may be used as lubricants or incorporated in other lubricants.  Specifications 799,392, 799,823, 801,031, 810,023, 819,867, 820,263, 873,064, 873,065, 873,066, 873,067 and 873,068 are referred to.ALSO:Linear liquid phosphorus-and nitrogen-containing polymers of olefines having in the molecule at least four and not more than 25 carbon atoms (see Group IV(a)) are used as lubricating oils per se, or as blends with mineral or synthetic oils having lubricating properties.  The oil used in the blends may be a hydrocarbon obtained from a paraffinic, naphthenic, Mid-Continent, or Coastal Stock, or mixtures thereof, or a copolymer of alkylene glycol and alkylene oxide, di-(2-ethylhexyl)-sebacate, dinonyl sebacate, dinonyl adipate, dioctyl phthalate, tricetyl phosphate, polymeric tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl silicone polymer, or the polymers produced by the processes of Specifications 873,064 and 873,068. The polymers or blends may also contain additives, such as pour point depressors, viscosity index improvers, thickeners, antioxidants, anti-corrosive agents or anti-lacquering agents. The pour point depressant and viscosity improver may be a polymer of an ester of acrylic acid or a 2-alkylacrylic acid or the polymers described in Specification 873,065 or 873,067.  Suitable anti-lacquering agents mentioned are zinc and calcium salts of benzoic acid, naphthoic acid, phenol, higher alkylate phenols, and higher alkylated salicylic acids.  The antioxidants included in the blend may be alkylated phenols and diphenols and phenothiazine and its alkyl or aryl alkyl substitution products, e.g. 10-benzyl phenothiazine as made according to Specification 873,066.  The blends may also include extreme pressure additives such as trioctyl or tricresyl phosphate.  Specifications 799,392, 799,823, 801,031, 810,023, 819,867 and 820,263 also are referred to.