Patent GB-190514453-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Calculators.
Inventor: RECHNITZER ALEXANDER
Filed: 1905-07-13
Granted: 1905-12-14
Abstract: 14,453. Rechnitzer, A. July 13. Calculating-apparatus.- In motor-driven slide-set multiplying-machines for dealing with two numbers, adapted for the four rules and of the type described in Specification No. 16,049, A.D. 1902, in which the numeral wheels of the totalizing-counter and the flat slides for the multiplier are upon a travelling carriage while the other slides for multiplicand are upon a fixed part of the casing, modifications are introduced whereby the motor is a continuous electric one disconnected at a certain excessive pressure and returns the carriage at the end of its travel, excess operation in multiplication and division without divisor is signalled, the starting-lever is returned automatically, the zeroizing and operating parts are interlocked, the number-wheels set by handwheels and pins provided on the setting slides, and means described folimiting the travel of the carriage in small calculations. Fig. 1 shows the number - wheels a, the multiplier slides b, and the multiplicand slides c all in plan, and Fig. 13 shows the drums 3 underneath the latter slides carrying sectors 4 with increasing numbers of teeth adapted to gear with pinions 9 set by the slides. In addition, all such drums receive a single simultaneous rotation, and register on the numberwheels 23, but in multiplication for each successive position of the carriage 2 all drums receive a number of rotations equal to the digit of the multiplier corresponding to that position, the carriage moving to the left at each step a distance equal to that between two number-wheels, and the multiplier being "wiped off" by return of the sliders 27 to zero as the operation proceeds, for which purpose worms 29, 30 are provided. After the main shaft 13 has effected registration, the completion of its rotation is utilized to transfer by means of gearing selected by the carriage, distinction being made between direct transfer at an operation and the transfers on wheels to the left, which this may entail. The slide 97, Fig. 32, is moved to bring the single-tooth wheels 36 to the right during registration, so that if the associated number-wheel 23 passes through zero the tooth 40, cam-disk 47, and lever 55 may throw the spur-wheel 45 to the left, to receive an impulse from subsequent movement of the shaft 70 with teeth 43, wheels 34, 35 turning the adjacent number-wheel through a unit. Previous to this action, the slide 97 has restored the single-tooth wheels in order that they might gear with the wheels 45 for consequent transfers. Wave-wheels and locking and alining levers are provided with a second slide for restoring the wheels 45, the slide being locked when the carriage is in the rest position, to prelude accidental transfer during the setting of the numeral-wheelsby their handwheels 6. The motor drives both the main shaft 13 and the pinion 165 for traversing the carriage through an epicyclic bevel-gear, interlocking parts ensuring that only one element shall move at a time. Fig. 7 shows the main-shaft drum 166 with cam-groove 167 for operating the lever 169 which moves a locking-pin into one of a row of holes 173 in the carriage casing. The shaft is locked by the moving carriage through plates 100 carried by the escapement yoke 65, which have holes 98 only registering with others in the carriage casing in stationary positions, and otherwise preventing the motion of link-work connected to a pin and camdisk arrangement on the main shaft. The drum 166 also has a tooth co-operating with a spring arm to prevent backward motion of the main shaft during return of the carriage. A disconnecting-clutch between the motor and machine is shown in Fig. 25 where the pinion drives the shaft 227 through an arm 222 with wedge-shaped extremity pressing against a pivoted lever 223 secured to the shaft and forced upwards against the spring and bevel 235 when excessive driving force is required The lever 228 restores these parts or makes circuit for the motor at 233. The starting-lever 25 is put to one of four positions for operation, but is automatically returned to the centre, whereupon it depresses a wedge-ended reversing-lever 241, slides the collar 246 on the main shaft, and operates the pole changer 250 to reverse the motor connexions, and return the carriage, which interrupts the reverse circuit when at initial position. The slightly differing positions of the carriage for addition or subtraction allow the totalizing-counter elements to gear with one or other of the spurwheels attached to the three-bevel arrangements 14, 123 of the drums, and are determined by a spring-controlled yoke 65, the pins 63, 64 and the link-work 84, 87, 82, operated by the starting-lever which places neutralizing inclines 81 in front of the subtraction pins when addition is required ; for which operations also the starting-lever throws the multiplier worms out of gear and locks them through the motion of the forked lever 230. To signal excessive addition or subtraction, the extreme left numeral-wheel carries a single-tooth 310 co-operating with a segment 311 to move the warning indicator 20 into sight. Most of the above movements take place also during multiplication or division, in which, however, the starting- lever is only restored to reverse the motor when all the multiplier-slides are cleared. Each individual clearing operates the escapement to move the carriage one place to the left. A pin 290, slide 291, and lever 294, Fig. 27, co-operate to withdraw the locking-pin 303 at the end of the multiplication, the starting-lever moves sideways to rest and operates the pole-changing collar 246, and the final motion of each worm-operated slide depresses a multiplying-pin 74 by means of its wedge-shaped head, such pin being placed in operative position by link-work 86, 80 when the starting-lever is set for multiplication. An arm on the pin swings down a yoke with tappet action to rock the shaft of the escapement-yoke 65 which then co-operates with the addition and neutralized subtraction pins to space the carriage one step. A pin 21 may be adjusted on the carriage to restore the lever earlier, in case of small multipliers. Multiplication or division is continued until excess registration has been made and the indicator appears, whereupon the tooth 343, lever and pin 345, 344, co-operate to slide the doubletooth wheel 347 on the direct power-driven shaft 70 into the path of an arm 351 on the escapementyoke and swing the latter into the reverse position, the parts being all subsequently returned by rotating inclines engaging the pin 420. Interlocking means prevent a setting to "Division" unless some digit has been set upon the extreme left multiplicand slide, and also when the warning indicator is visible, for which purpose a slide 370 moved by the starting-lever engages the slides 7 in zero position, and the unlockiog by the indicator of a bar 364 on the carriage permits the anglelever 366 to swing up and alternately hold the slide. To zeroize the register, a disk-crank 106 is provided on the carriage from which mutilated wheels 102, Fig. 13, are driven to gear with similar wheels on the countershaft, this mechanism being interlocked by its disk and the recess in the frame plate 417 as regards carriage movement, and further by means of a pin 403, arms 407, 411 and a tooth projecting into the carriage recess 414 to ensure zeroizing bef re each operation.