baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-359327-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rubber heels
IPC: A43B21/433
Filed: 1931-01-20
Abstract: 359,327. Rubber heels. DEHN, F. B., 103, Kingsway, London.-(Tyner, H. M. ; 561, West 174th Street, New York, U.S.A.) Jan. 20, 1931, No. 1931. [Class 17 (iii).] A rubber heel comprises a base portion 17 with an anchor plate 25 moulded therein, and a revoluble tip portior 32 permanently secured in a recess in the base 17 by bearing means 38, registering holes 49, 28 being formed in the tip 32 and base portion 17 respectively for the passage of attachment nails into depressions 29 in the plate 25. The tip 32 has a shoulder portion 41 fitting into an aperture 30 in the base 17 and seating against the plate 25 or a washer 42 under the plate 25, both of which are drilled to take the shank of a bearing member 38 which is riveted to a reinforcing plate 35 in the tip 32 and the upper end of which is headed over a washer 45, to secure the tip 32 and base 17 together. Interlocking projections and recesses on the twc parts 17, 32 retain them in any desired relative pcsition. The base 17 may have projecting portions at the front and rear which may be buffed down to the size of the heel to which it is fitted, the projections being notched, as at 52, to facilitate accurate fitting on the heel and to indicate the maximum depth of buffing.
Patent GB-909957-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical alarm circuits
Inventor: HUDSON JOHN MARTIN
IPC: G06F11/32
Filed: 1960-01-20
Abstract: 909,957. Keying carrier frequencies; transistor bi-stable circuits. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Jan. 20, 1960, No. 2024/60. Classes 40 (5) and 40 (6). An alarm device, e.g. lamp-bulb 4, is included in the output circuit of a transistor oscillator normally biased to cut off and rendered inoperative by a potentiometer R 1 , R 2  but continuously operative after a short pulse signal being applied at 12 to its base/emitter circuit. A circuit 13, D1, C2 may rectify the output to give a quick acting D.C. output signal rendering faulty equipment inoperative. A reset switch 11 further biases off and stops the oscillator even after the switch 11 is again closed. The system may be applied to indicating open or short circuits in the transistor switches operating a ferrite core " memory " matrix. An open circuit increases the amplitude of a negative pulse applied across and operating a matrix switch so that it exceeds the threshold bias of a back biased diode preceding the input 12 and the pulse operates the alarm. A short circuit increases, e.g. doubles the current applied to the matrix switches which may be detected by a ferrite core having a square loop characteristic and set into a different one of two flux remanence states, producing at this short-circuiting instant, from a read-out winding, a pulse operating at 12 the alarm. The D.C. outputs may be applied to inhibit the pulse generators applying signals to the matrix. The two identical pulse trains applied to the matrix row and column switches may be applied with opposite magnetizing force to each of a pair of ferrite cores biased to one of two flux remanence states by a continuous current so that failure of any one pulse train is indicated by an output pulse from one particular ferrite core.
Patent GB-553722-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric terminals
IPC: H01R4/32
Filed: 1942-02-16
Abstract: 553,722. Two-part couplings; binding-posts. CHLORIDE ELECTRICAL STORAGE CO., Ltd., and GRAY, R. Feb. 16, 1942, No. 2061. [Class 38 (i)] A screw-down binding-post d has a vertical slot e to receive a flat terminal tongue a on a lead, the tongue a having a V-shaped notch c that engages over a more obtuse projection f in the base of the slot. A nut h screwing on the post presses the edges of the notch c against the base. The nut comprises a flanged metal insert in an insulating knob g. A screw stud i closes the slot e, prevents the nut h leaving the post and prevents the tongue a engaging the inner edge of the nut h.
Patent GB-826693-A (GB)
Title: Desulfurization of petroleum oils
IPC: C10G32/04
Filed: 1957-01-21
Abstract: A process for desulphurizing a petroleum oil containing sulphur comprises subjecting the oil to high-energy ionizing radiation from an atomic pile whereby a substantial proportion of the sulphur is converted to a less stable form and then contacting the liquid oil product with an adsorbent or solvent which selectively removes the less stable sulphur.  The oil may boil in the range 80 DEG  to 1500 DEG  F. and be a virgin stock or the product of conversion processes such as catalytic cracking, hydroforming, steam cracking and coking. It may be naphthenic, paraffinic and/or aromatic.  The irradiation may take place in the liquid or vapour phase; 0 DEG  to 800 DEG  F; under vacuum or up to 100 atmos. pressure; for 1 sec. to 10 days; and use a dosage of 106 to 2 X 1010 roentgens of gamma rays, 1014 to 1019 slow neutrons/cm.2, and 1013 to 1019 fast neutrons/cm.2.  The irradiation may also effect conversion of the oil to higher boiling liquid products, lower boiling liquid products, gaseous products and/or solid products.  The irradiation time will generally be sufficient to effect such conversion of 5 to 50% wt. of the oil.  The irradiation may be effected in the presence of catalytic and non-catalytic particulate solids which may have a particle size of 1 micron to 1 inch, surface areas of 50 to 600 sq. m/g. and pore sizes of 20 to 150  .  The solids: oil ratio may be from 2 : 1 to 1 : 10 by volume.  Solids mentioned are silicon, metals (e.g. Al, Mg, Ti, V, Pt, Cr, Ni, Fe and Cu), their oxids, and combinations thereof.  The metals are preferably chosen so that the product of the fraction of the metal in the solids and its captive cross-section is less than 1 barn.  Solids mentioned are silicaalumina, platinum or alumina, and alumina. The solids may be chosen to: (i) promote the conversion of sulphur to volatile forms; (ii) adsorb some of the loosely bound sulphur as it is formed; (iii) control the conversion products; and (iv) control the amount and distribution of radioactive sulphur and phosphorus isotopes formed.  The removal of the loosely-bound sulphur may be effected at 30 DEG  to 300 DEG  F.  Desulphurization may be effected with solid adsorbents, e.g. silica-alumina, alumina, silica, bauxite, filter clays, carbon black and ionexchange resins, or with solvents which may be liquids, e.g. water and aqueous solutions of sodium, potassium or ammonium hydroxide or nitric or hydrochloric acid, or gases, e.g. hydrogen, air, oxygen or sulphur dioxide.  In examples virgin and cracked gas oils are treated with 2.5 X 1012 neutrons/cm.2/sec. of slow neutrons, 0.5 X 1012 neutrons/cm.2/sec. of fast neutrons and 1.7 X 106 roentgens/hr. of gamma rays in a natural uranium graphite-moderated reactor for 10 days and desulphurized by adsorption with spent silica-alumina catalyst. About 50% conversion (cracking plus polymerization) took place with each oil. Specification 823,426 is referred to.
Patent GB-979281-A (GB)
Title: Novel copolymers
IPC: C08F8/12
Filed: 1963-01-17
Abstract: Copolymers of vinyl alcohol and b -hydroxyalkyl acrylates wherein the alkyl groups contain 2 to 4 carbon atoms and optionally crotonic acid or an alkyl ester of crotonic acid in which the alkyl group contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms, may be prepared by copolymerizing vinyl acetate, a hydroxyalkyl acrylate and optionally crotonic acid or an alkyl crotonate and subjecting the resulting copolymer to alkaline alcoholysis.  Polymerization may be effected in solution in organic solvents, e.g. acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate and alcohols, in the presence of catalysts, e.g. benzoyl peroxide and azodiisobutyronitrile. The copolymers may be alcoholyzed in methanol or ethanol solution in the presence of alcoholic potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide; and the products transferred to aqueous solution by precipitating and dissolving in water, or by adding water and distilling off residual alcohol and ester.  Hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymers may be crosslinked by aging, heating or reacting with glyoxal, furfural, dimethylol ethylene urea, dimethylol urea, trimethylol phenol, trimethylol melamine, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid, fumaric acid, para-toluene sulphonic acid, ferric chloride, chromic nitrate, chromic chloride, chromic sulphate, ammonium chloride, aluminium chloride, zinc nitrate, cupric chromate, ammonium dichromate and stearato chromic chloride.  The copolymers or mixtures thereof with polyvinyl alcohol may be used in making flexible films for packaging, and for coating.  Examples describe (I) the copolymerization of vinyl acetate, hydroxyethyl acrylate and crotonic acid in methanol in the presence of benzoyl peroxide and the alcoholysis of the product in the presence of methanol and potassium hydroxide, (II) copolymers of vinyl alcohol and hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl or hydroxybutyl acrylates with and without crotonic acid, and (III) the copolymerization of vinyl acetate, hydroxypropyl acrylate and crotonic acid in methyl acetate in the presence of azodiisobutyronitrile and the alcoholysis of the product in the presence of methanol and potassium hydroxide.
Patent GB-489544-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in art of refining hydrocarbons
IPC: C10G45/04
Filed: 1937-01-25
Abstract: <PICT:0489544/III/1> A method of desulphurizing and sweetening light hydrocarbon oils without liberating substantial amounts of gaseous hydrogen sulphide and without substantially reducing the octane number, comprises treating the oil with hydrogen, under non-cracking conditions, in the presence of a contact material which is a metallic nickel, cobalt, copper or iron hydrogenation catalyst capable of absorbing sulphur present in the oil but which is already poisoned with such an amount of sulphur that its hydrogenating activity is insufficient to cause any substantial reduction of the octane number of the oil.  The contact material, which is suitably between 1 and 25 per cent by weight of the hydrocarbon treated, may contain a mixture of the above metals, may be mixed with promoters such as alumina, chromium oxide, magnesia or thoria, and may be deposited on an inert carrier. Small amounts of alkaline compounds such as potassium carbonate or waterglass may be added.  The amount of hydrogen employed is about 0,25 per cent by weight of the hydrocarbon treated, and it may be admixed with steam.  The oil may be treated in the form of vapour, and temperatures of 500-900 DEG  F. are employed. Treatment may take place in a number of zones, the state of activity of the contact material in the various zones being progressively higher in the direction of flow of the hydrocarbon. When the contactor is exhausted, it may be regenerated, but only to the partially poisoned condition indicated above.  Apparatus for carrying out the process is shown, in which gasoline from a pipe 1, hydrogen from a tank 6, and water from a pipe 3a, are forced through a vaporizing coil 4, through a contact chamber 10, and then through a second contact chamber 11, which is at a lower temperature, but which contains contactor which is more active than that in the chamber 10. The heated mixture passes into a fractionator 35, the overhead product of which flows through a condenser 40, into a reflux accumulator 42, and may be withdrawn at 52, gaseous hydrogen in the accumulator 42 passing through a scrubber 48 to the tank 6, for re-use.  As shown, the chamber is temporarily cut out of the system, and the contactor therein may be regenerated to the defined degree of activity by feeding hot air, or steam, or a mixture thereof through the pipe 58, for sufficient time to regenerate the sulphide to oxide, to the necessary degree, and then supplying hydrogen to reduce the oxide to the metallic state, the regenerated contactor, however, still remaining partly sulphur-poisoned.  By suitable manipulation of the various valves, the gasoline vapours may be passed through any two of the chambers 10, 11, 12, the third chamber being used for regeneration and activation of its contactor material.  According to the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, metallic molybdenum, and the oxides of nickel, cobalt, copper, iron and molybdenum, are included amongst suitable desulphurizing contactors, but this subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-817337-A (GB)
Title: Improved drying apparatus for clay cakes such as are used in the manufacture of tiles
IPC: F26B21/00
Filed: 1957-01-22
Abstract: 817,337. Drying apparatus. HANCOCK, W. Jan. 20, 1958 [Jan. 22, 1957], No. 2223/57. Class 34(2) Clay cakes b used in tile manufacture are dried after leaving the filter press by being stacked on trolleys between vertical frame pairs a, Fig. 4, and then passed into a drying chamber having suspended hollow air boxes c, Figs. 1, 2, which engage the spaces between the frame. The chamber has counter-weighted vertically sliding doors, g, g, and a fan e, an air heater f and ducting such that a stream of hot air may be passed down through the boxes c, around and along the cokes b and up to either a damper-controlled outlet i or the air heater land fan for recirculation. In a modified construction, the chamber incorporates floor rollers over which racks mounting frames a are slid.
Patent GB-657002-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical impulse senders
IPC: H04M1/23
Filed: 1949-01-27
Abstract: 657,002. Impulse transmitters. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., DEWAR, G., and PUCKETTE, C. C. Jan. 27, 1949, No. 2240. [Class 40 (iv)] Dust and moisture sliding down the number plate of a telephone dial are prevented from falling through the spindle hole 3 into the mechanism by a projecting lip 4 surrounded by a channel 5. The number plate may be pressed from metal sheet or moulded in a transparent plastic resin. In the latter case the numbers and other characters may be painted on the back of the plate, the back. surface then being sprayed with a contrasting colour. Specification 518,721 is referred to.
Patent GB-671133-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to capacity-meters for measurement of low electric capacitance values
IPC: G01R31/26
Filed: 1950-01-30
Abstract: 671,133. Capacitance measurements. COMPAGNIE . DES FREINS & SIGNAUX WESTINGHOUSE. Jan. 30, 1950 [Jan. 29, 1949], No. 2370/50. Class 37. An instrument for measuring low values of capacitance consists of a high frequency input circuit, a measuring circuit to which the high frequency input is applied and including the capacitance to be measured and a calibrated variable measuring element, a local oscillator providing a low frequency output, a mixer fed with the high frequency output from the measuring circuit and with the low frequency output of the oscillator, and means for indicating the resulting medium frequency output from the mixer as an indication of the value of the capacitance to be measured. The capacitance to be measured is that of a semiconductive rectifier 1, which is connected in parallel with a measuring circuit including an inductor 2 and a calibrated variable capacitor 3. The measuring circuit is coupled with an input circuit 4 having a high frequency of the order of 60 m.c., and through an inductor 5 and, variable capacitor 6 with the control grid 7 of a mixer pentode 8 in which the portion beyond the grid 7 operates as a local oscillator. The local oscillator circuit 9 is connected with the plate 10 and grids 11, 12 and in series with an inductor 13, resistance 14, and capacitors 15 to earth. The cathode 16 is connected to a medium frequency circuit 17 including an adjustable capacitor 18, the output being applied to an amplifier 20 and a diode 21, the rectified output of which is measured by a microammeter 22. The rectifier 1 is connected to earth through a capacitor 23 so as to permit the application of a bias voltage through a potentiometer 24, a milliammeter 26 and filter 27 being connected as shown. A voltmeter 28 is connected across one section of the potentiometer 24. A buffer circuit 29 is coupled with the circuit of the control grid 7 to prevent any charge from the local oscillator from being applied to the rectifier 1. With the rectifier 1 in position the pentode 8 and amplifier 20 are connected and the buffer circuit 29 is tuned to the local oscillator frequency in order to bring the rectified current to a minimum, as indicated by the milliammeter 26. The high frequency supply is then connected through the input circuit 4 and is so tuned by the capacitor 6 that on mixing with the local oscillator frequency a medium frequency output is produced such that the microammeter 22 gives maximum deflection. The rectifier 1 is then removed and the measuring circuit 2, 3 is tuned to the same resonance value as the mixer circuit in order to obtain maximum deflection of the microammeter 22, i.e. to obtain a reference point for the capacitance to be measured. The rectifier 1 is then replaced and the potentiometer 24 is adjusted to obtain any desired point of the rectifier characteristic. The capacitor 3 is then adjusted to give maximum deflection of the microammeter 22 and the capacitance is read on the dial of the variable capacitor 3.
Patent GB-1447342-A (GB)
Title: Light interruption device for photometric measuring equipment
IPC: G01J1/36
Filed: 1975-01-20
Abstract: 1447342 Optical shutters HARTMANN & BRAUN AG 20 Jan 1975 [22 Jan 1974] 2401/75 Heading G2J A radiation interruption device for photometric equipment comprises a motor having an annular rotor 4 arranged around the radiation paths (arrows), a shaft 5 to which the rotor 4 is connected by a spoke 6 and a replaceable rotary shutter 12 carried by the shaft 5. The motor may be mounted in an apertured housing. The shutter 12 may have two or more blades and a compensation weight 11 may be provided.
Patent GB-620755-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to containers for gramophone needles
IPC: B65D85/24
Filed: 1946-01-25
Abstract: 620,755. Boxes. METCALFE, C. Jan. 25, 1946, No. 2455. [Class 18] A container, from which gramophone needles can be removed individually or in small quantities, has a plurality of compartments communicating at one end with a common channel 7 in which a rod-like closure member 9, having a knurled finger piece 10, is slidably mounted. The container is made of two parts 1, 2 secured at their lower and side edges by adhesive and provided with grooves 5, 6 to form the channel 7, the compartments being formed by semicircular grooves 3 in one part and a recess 4 in the other or by grooves in both parts. All or part of the container may be of transparent or translucent plastic. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 399,950.
Patent GB-716988-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pens for recording apparatus
Inventor: SHOESMITH KENNETH CHARLES
IPC: H04L15/30
Filed: 1952-01-30
Abstract: 716,988. Forcing liquids by gas pressure. KELVIN & HUGHES, Ltd. Feb. 4, 1953 [Jan. 30, 1952], No. 2503/52. Class 102 (2). [Also in Group XV] A stylus 10 is supplied with ink from a reservoir 12 by a tube 11. An air supply tube 14 is arranged to increase or decrease the air pressure within the reservoir 12.and so control the flow of ink to the stylus 10. The tube 14 is connected to a port 18 of a valve cylinder 17 having a slidable piston 19 and a port 20 offset axially from the port 18. The port 20 communicates with a chamber 21 connected, by a channel 22, to a pump cylinder 24 having an air inlet 29 closed by a flap valve 34. A piston 25 has an armature 27 actuated in one direction by a solenoid coil 26 and in the other by a spring 28. A spring 39 and coil 37 actuate the piston 19 in a similar manner. When the solenoid coils 26 and 37 are energized, the piston 19 moves up, thus closing the port 20 and opening the port 18 and causing air, compressed within the cylinder 17, to be forced through a bore 42, a diametral slot 40 and a channel 41 to the reservoir 12, thus initiating the flow of ink to the stylus 10. When the piston reaches the end of its stroke the channel 41 connects the ports 20 and 18, thus supplying air pressure to the reservoir to maintain the ink flow. When the solenoid 37 is de-energized, the piston 19 moves downwards, thus closing the port 20 and creating a decrease in air pressure within the cylinder 17 which is communicated to the reservoir 12 through the channel 41 and bore 42 to retract ink from the stylus 10 and tube 11. The port 18 is closed in the lowered position of the piston 19, while the port 20 is open to restore atmospheric pressure, through the pump cylinder 24, to the cylinder 17.
Patent GB-925485-A (GB)
Title: A process and apparatus for the treatment of sewage and garbage
IPC: C02F3/28
Filed: 1961-01-23
Abstract: 925,485. Compost fertilizers. J. M. FLOUNDERS. Aug. 24, 1961 [Jan. 23, 1961], No. 2587/61. Class 111. A process for treating garbage and sewage comprises the steps of removing large solids from raw sewage liquid, separating sludge from that liquid, digesting the sludge, mixing the digested sludge with the pulverised mixture of garbage and the large solids removed from the raw sewage liquid, and fermenting the mixture to produce soil fertilizer. Preferably, a rise in temperature to at least 160‹F. is produced within 24 hours of the start of fermentation of the mixture, which is maintained at a temperature of at least 160‹F. for sufficient time to destroy harmful bacteria, usually at least 12 hours, and preferably for at least 24 hours, the complete fermentation occupying five to ten days. In one embodiment, raw sewage 1 is separated from large solids by screen 2, and passes, via clarifiers and sedimentation chambers 3 and 4, and control tank 5, to one or more digesters 6 and 7, where it is subjected to anaerobic fermentation. The digesters may be of the type disclosed in Specification 925,484. The gas released, which is mainly methane and has at least 650 B.T.U's. per cubic foot, unwashed, is conveyed to gasholder 8. The digested sludge is conveyed to mixer 17 e.g. a rotary drum or screw mixer. Garbage 10, preferably after screening for rags, paper cans, glass, ceramics and dust, passes to pulveriser 16 together with solids from screen 2. The pulverised mixture is then conveyed to mixer 17, together with dust from screen 11 to be mixed with the digested sludge, and, if desired, humus from filter 9. After mixing the charge is conveyed to fermentation cells 20 and then, after 6 to 10 days, to a maturing ground to rest for 12 to 16 weeks.
Patent GB-811894-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the etching of metal foil
IPC: C25F3/04
Filed: 1957-01-25
Abstract: 811,894. Removing metal electrolytically. BOSCH G.m.b.H., R. Jan. 25, 1957 [Jan. 27, 1956], No. 2686/57. Class 41. [Also in Group XVI] A method of etching the edge of a metal foil, e.g. aluminium coated on both sides with lacquer comprises winding the foil into a roll either loosely or with an interleaving strip, so as to produce air-gaps or spacing between adjacent turns, then dipping the end of the roll into an electrolyte etching bath and passing a current through it. The interleaving strip is 6-20Á thick, and is set back from the edge of the foil by the amount to be etched. The strip may be insulating material such as paper, or a synthetic substance such as polystyrene, or metal. A wetting agent may be added to the bath. After etching, the rolls must be washed, dried and re-wound, for use as condensers. The roll may be re-wound while wet, or in a warm condition, e.g. at 100‹ C. The interleaving strip if used is removed during re-winding.
Patent GB-932992-A (GB)
Title: Thermoplastic halogen-containing polymers
Inventor: SPARKS ANTHONY ARCHIBALD
IPC: C08K5/32
Filed: 1960-01-26
Abstract: Thermoplastic halogen-containing polymers are stabilized by the addition of an alkyl nitrite.  C1-8 alkyl nitrites are preferred and may be used in amounts of 0,3 to 5% by weight. Polymers specified are vinyl chloride homopolymers and copolymers containing at least 50% by weight of vinyl chloride.  Specified comonomers are vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate and acrylic esters.  The nitrite may be added by direct physical mixing, by adding a solution of the nitrite to the polymer or a solution thereof or by addition of the nitrite to an aqueous emulsion or suspension of the polymer.