Patent GB-190429354-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Apparatus for Transmitting Electric Signals or Impulses.
Inventor: GRABOSCH GUSTAV
Filed: 1904-12-31
Granted: 1905-06-29
Abstract: 29,354. Grabosch, G. Dec. 31. Telegraphs; telephone s y s t e m s; telephone calls. - Relates to receiving - apparatus for electric signals transmitted by means of short and long, or positive and negative, impulses, the apparatus being applicable to printing-telegraphs and telephony and other signalling- systems. The system depends upon the use of fields of contacts arranged in rows I, II, III, IV, V, Fig. 4, each successive row containing half the number of contacts of the preceding row. The black and white contacts may represent short and long, or negative and positive, impulses, respectively, each horizontal row of contacts representing one character. Thus row 13 corresponds to the character represented by - - + + - or by .. - -. in the Morse code. This arrangement may be used practically by forming the black contacts higher than the white ones or by insulating the contacts from one another, and connecting all the black contacts in each row together and all the white contacts in each row together. In the first case, if the carrier 20 is moved with the springs 14, 15, 16, 17,18 over the contacts in the direction of the arrow 19 and if the arrangement is such that the printing or connecting apparatus is actuated only when all five springs are raised or supplied with current, such a position is found only when the first horizontal row 1 is reached. If, however, springs 16, 17 are raised in some other way, then, on the movement of the carrier 20, all five springs will be raised at the thirteenth row and not before. The carrier must be stopped at once, as all five springs would again be raised at the ninth and fifth rows. Referring now to Fig. 5, the black contacts are shown connected among themselves and with one pole of the battery 8 by a wire 6 and brush 7. The white contacts are also connected with each other and can (each row separately) be connected to the battery 8 through the catches 33 ... 37, the armatures of magnets 38 ... 42, wire 6, and the brush 7. If now the mechanism A comprising the magnets 45 ... 49 and the springs 14 ... 18 be moved over the contact fields, current will-only be supplied to all the springs at the first horizontal row. If, however, the white contacts in rows III, IV be connected to the battery 8 by the armatures of the magnets 40, 41 being attracted, then, when the springs reach the thirteenth row, all the springs will be supplied with current. The means for at once stopping the mechanism A comprises a rack 9 and magnets 45 ... 49, having a common armature 26 which, when all the magnets are energized, engages the rack 9 and prevents further motion of the mechanism A. The current for these magnets flows from the battery 8, through brush 7, wire 6, the respective contacts, springs 14 ... 18, the magnets 45 ... 49, and back to the battery by a common return. By the attraction of one or more of the armatures of the magnets 38 ... 42, it will be seen that the mechanism A can be stopped at any desired row. It is obvious that the contacts and rack 9 may be placed on the surface of a revolving drum, so that the springs 14 ... 18 and magnets 45 ... 49 may be stationary. Fig. 6 shows the method of attracting the armatures of the magnets 38 ... 42 when positive and negative line currents are used. The magnets 38 ... 42 are connected to contacts 53 ... 57, over which moves an arm 52 on the axle 50, allowed to rotate by the escape wheel 51. The magnet 62 is energized by negative currents only, and magnets 63 by positive currents. The energizing of each magnet allows the escape wheel to move one tooth, but the magnet 63 in addition completes the circuit of the particular magnet 38 ... 42 which is connected to the arm 52 at that moment. At the end of each rotation, the arm 52 closes a contact 68, thus initiating the movement of the mechanism A. When the magnet 43, Fig. 5, is energized after each character, the catches 33 ... 37 are disengaged from the armatures, which return to their unattracted position. A device similar to that shown in Fig. 6 is described for use when long and short impulses are employed instead of positive and negative currents. Several modifications of the apparatus shown in Fig. 5 are described. In one of these, shown in Fig. 12, only one arresting-magnet 45 is required. The black contacts are raised on the surface of the drum and serve to connect springs 14<1> and 14', 15<1> and 15<2>, and so on. When all the springs are connected, the circuit through the magnet 45 is completed. The springs may be connected also by the armatures of the magnets 38... 42, as will be seen from Fig. 12. The springs 14<2> and 15<1>, 15<a> and 16<1>, &c. may be replaced by single springs. Fig. 11 shows a modification adapted for use when the apparatus is to be connected to one of several different circuits. The drum carrying the contacts I... V is immovable, but an arm 87 rotates over a circular series of contacts 31, 32, &c. on the disc N. The arm 87 carries the springs 14 ... 18, which each close two contacts. The local current wires 103, 104 lead to collecting-rings 101, 102 and brushes 88, 89. The arm 87 rotates about its axle 120 until current is supplied to all the springs, when the arm is arrested by an arresting-magnet placed in the wires 103, 104.