Patent GB-184610-A (GB)
Title: The manufacture of hydra-oxy-cellulose, a new xanthogenated compound obtained therefrom, and a new solid compact material obtained by coagulation of the latter
IPC: D01F2/08
Filed: 1921-05-28
Abstract: A cellulose product adapted for the manufacture of viscose, and termed hydro-oxy-cellulose, is prepared by treating cellulose admixed with water first with gaseous chlorine in excess of the amount required to saturate the water present, and afterwards with strong hydrochloric acid, preferably the acid produced in the first stage of the process and which is brought into action by drying the moist product, for example, by heating at 60 DEG C. until a brittle product results. The proportions of water and chlorine to be observed in the case of wood pulp are:-cellulose 100 parts, water 100 parts, chlorine 10 parts; in other cases a larger proportion of chlorine may be necessary, for instance, with oat straw, 30-50 parts of chlorine for every 100 parts of cellulose, would be required; in any case the proportion of water lies between one half and twice the weight of the cellulose material. By subjection to the usual xanthogenation process, the cellulose conversion product is converted into a viscose which at the usual concentrations has the character of a jelly. The viscose solution is adapted for the manufacture of artificial silk, paper size, leather board, etc.; and it may be mixed with minerals such as zinc, chromic and ferric oxides, clay, starchy matters, paper pulp, dissolved resins, esparto resin, fats, waxes, glycerine, shellac, dyes and pigments; and in most cases such addition would be added before the preparation of the viscose solution. According to the material added, substitutes for horn, bone, ivory, ebonite, wood, celluloid, leather and india-rubber are obtained. When used for the manufacture of solid bodies, the solution is poured into moulds and allowed to stand to separate air bubbles-this separation is facilitated by pouring a thin film of water on to the surface,-and the mould then heated to 40 DEG C. for some hours; a compact mass capable of being manipulated is thus obtained, which is subsequently washed with warm water and dried, or heated to 100 DEG  C. to render it, or an article made therefrom, impervious to water.  Of the materials above specified that may be incorporated with the product, zinc oxide and ferric oxide are particularly useful; with the former, the product may be bleached by calcium or sodium hypochlorite or may be dyed, the dyes being applied previous to coagulation, or after washing and before drying. Pigments such as ultramarine may be added.  The viscose material if impregnated with glycerine before coagulation, or after washing the coagulated material, gives a coagulated mass of the consistency of india-rubber or of leather; a good imitation of leather is prepared by adding zinc oxide and resin oil, and afterwards impregnating with glycerine.  Omitting the glycerine, the material is suitable for buttons, door knobs, &c.  The viscose material may also be used as a bond for abrasives in making grindstones, hones, emery cloth, polishing sheets, knife boards, and razor strops.ALSO:A size for paper is prepared from a viscose obtained from hydra-oxy-cellulose.