Patent GB-373241-A (GB)
Title: Process of and apparatus for recovering and improving the distillation gases produced in the manufacture of coke
IPC: C10B27/00
Filed: 1931-01-19
Abstract: 373,241. Coking processes. HILGER, G., 1A, Marienstrasse, Gleiwitz, Germany. Jan. 19, 1931, No. 1716. [Class 55 (i).] The low temperature distillates obtained in the coking of fuel are diverted from the heated oven walls towards the cooler part of the charge, and are hydrogenated by being passed into contact with hydrogen obtained by the action of steam on hot coke. Channels are formed either in the compressed or loose charge, and filling such as coke is inserted to prevent the channels from being stopped and to allow the passage of the distillates, the high and low temperature distillates being withdrawn separately if necessary. When a stamped cake is being coked, grooves are made in the side surfaces to facilitate the evolution of gas, and the free space round the coke may be filled with loose fuel such as waste coke. When a wide coke oven is used, a heating wall of firebrick, which may be removable, is inserted into the oven, and the space each side of it may be filled by separate stamped cakes of fuel. Bituminous constituents in the distillates are deposited in the coke dust filling, which is converted into useful coke, or pitch may be added to the coke dust, or nut coal used as a filling. When a continuous retort is used the low and high temperature distillates are drawn off from above and below the plastic layer respectively, and the high temperature distillates used for heating the retort. The distillates may be charged with tar vapour before hydrogenation, and these tar vapours may be introduced into the steam employed, to which a heating gas may also be added. The channels for the steam supply may be combined with those for withdrawing the distillates, and these channels may be heated by an electric resistance heater. The hydrogenation may be effected in a heated coke chamber separate from the coke oven or retort. The hot coke residue may be fed into a chamber separate from the coke oven or retort. The hot coke residue may be fed into a chamber and used to heat a medium passed through pipes in the chamber. A coke cake 4 in a coke oven 1 is formed with vertical and secondary gas channels 14, 15 and a suction hood 5 which may be raised and lowered by a hand wheel 11 leads through tubes 6, 17 to conduit 18 for the low temperature distillates, the high temperature distillates escaping through tubes 21, 22. Steam from pipes 41 is decomposed in a coke filling 40, and passes through the chambers 14, 15 into contact with the low temperature distillates which are thereby hydrogenated. Groove-like recesses 29, Fig. 3, contain hollow channels 23 filled with coke 24 and serve for hydrogenation by the introduction of steam through inner tubes 25. Recesses 26, Fig. 5, may be formed in the oven wall for the same purpose, the steam supply tubes 25 being enclosed in channels 27 containing coke or coal 24. Electric resistance heaters may be built in the gas withdrawal channels 28. In the case of a continuous vertical retort, Fig. 7, hoppers 31 supply the coal charge to the shaft 32, and hopper 36 the coke to a gas withdrawal tube 35. Steam is fed through a pipe 40 to the space between tubes 37, 39. The low temperature distillates pass upwardly through the cooler fuel and through slots in the gas withdrawal tubes 35. The tube 37 has perforations through which the steam enters the space filled with coke, into which the distillates enter and in which hydrogenation takes place. Steam is also supplied from the liquor seal at the bottom into which the hot coke passes. The high temperature distillates escape through an outlet 35a.