baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1433216-A (GB)
Title: Composite structures comprising isotropic graphite members
IPC: C04B41/87
Filed: 1973-07-11
Abstract: 1433216 Carbide coated isotropic graphite WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP and UNITED OIL CO 11 July 1973 [24 July 1972] 33019/73 Heading C1A [Also in Divisions C7 and H1] A composite material comprises (a) a substrate comprising an isotropic graphite member having a density of at least 1À75 g./cc. and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 7À5 Î 10<SP>-6</SP> to 8À3 Î 10<SP>-6</SP> inch/inch per ‹ C. with grains of a maximum particle size of less than 0À001 inch and a uniform distribution of interconnecting pores of an average diameter of up to 5 microns, the pores extending to the surface of the member, and (b) bonded to and conforming to the surface of the isotropic graphite member, a refractory metal carbide coating of at least one of niobium carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, molybdenum carbide and chromium carbide. the coating having a thickness of at least 0À1 mil. The preferred thickness of the coating is at least 0À3 mil. The composite may be used as the anode of an electrical device, e.g. an anode for a rotating anode X-ray tube (see Division H1). The above composite may be prepared by heating a body formed of graphite having the stated properties-which is commercially available-at a temperature of from 1700-2400‹ C. for at least an hour in an atmosphere containing halogen, i.e. chlorine, hydrogen chloride, and interhalogen compounds, e.g. dichloro-difluoromethane, machining the body to a desired shape and surface condition, ultrasonically cleaning the machined member in a suitable liquid to remove loose particles and then depositing the desired carbide coating on the member by the vapour deposition technique. The pretreatment of the substrate set out above, reduces its ash content to an amount not exceeding 10 p.p.m. The deposition may be carried out in conventional apparatus as is illustrated in Fig. 3 (not shown) using for example, the following procedures:- (a) heating the substrate to a temperature of 1500‹ C. or more, passing over the heated substrate a gas mixture containing the vapours of the required metal halide mixed with a reducing gas, e.g. H 2 , so as to reduce the halide and deposit the metal which reacts with the graphite at the temperature used to give the desired carbide, and (b) heating the substrate to 1000‹ to 1400‹ C., passing over the heated member a gaseous mixture comprising the refractory metal halide mixed with hydrogen and a hydrocarbon when the desired carbide is deposited. An inert gaseous diluent, e.g. argon, may be present in ether gas mixture, and hydrogen chloride may be present in the gas stream of process (a). The hydrocarbons specified for process (b) are propane, ethane or methane.
Patent GB-447415-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the dewaxing of oil
IPC: C10G73/28
Filed: 1934-11-16
Abstract: <PICT:0447415/III/1> Hydrocarbon oils are de-waxed by diluting the oil with a heavy solvent whereby the oil solution is heavier than the wax and separating the wax in a centrifuge provided with a perforate wall in which a body of oil solution is maintained between the wall and the separated wax layer and when the body of wax is built up, removing the oil layer whereby the wax moves up to the wall.  The wax is then washed with solvent.  The wax layer is maintained in the desired position by controlling the inflowing wax-containing oil. Both crystalline and amorphous waxes are removed.  The solvent preferably consists of a chlorinated hydrocarbon diluted with 25 per cent or more of a hydrocarbon diluent such as benzene or naphtha. Ethylene, methylene or propylene dichloride; dichlorethylene or trichlorethylene are specified.  The oil is mixed with the solvent at 100 DEG  F., and then cooled to -20 DEG  F.  A suitable centrifuge consists of a bowl 10 mounted on a shaft 11. The bowl is provided with a perforated wall or screen 14 and a spacing member 15 consisting of a coarse wire screen.  A disc 16 extends radially inwards to form a liquid compartment 18.  Liquid flows into the bowl through a nozzle 23 and channels 21, 22 at a rate controlled by wings 25.  An adjustable skimming nozzle 28 when in position B removes liquid passing through the filter screen, and a scraper 31 and discharge shoot 32 removes the separated and washed wax.  U.S.A. Specifications 1,351,265 and 1,761,593 are referred to.
Patent GB-372728-A (GB)
Title: Process for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons of the nopinene and pinene group into camphene
IPC: C07C5/29
Filed: 1930-11-03
Abstract: Nopinene, pinene, or oils containing them are converted into camphene by heating with inert substances of porous structure which have been washed with water and/or acids, and dried at high temperatures. Suitable substances are pieces of porous pot or tiles, clay, kaolin, "permutite," silica gel, meerschaum, and other porous substances, especially those which contain hydrated silica; or catalysts of the above nature in the manufacture of which this pretreatment forms a part.  In examples, (1) nopinene or an oil containing it is heated to 90 DEG  C. with "permutite" pretreated as described above; (2) pinene or an oil containing it is heated to 90 DEG  C. with silica gel pretreated as described above.
Patent GB-1255093-A (GB)
Title: Motor vehicles with hydrostatic power transmission
Inventor: ISSIGONIS ALEXANDER ARNOLD
IPC: B60K6/00
Filed: 1969-07-01
Abstract: 1,255,093. Hydrostatic transmissions. BRITISH MOTOR CORP. Ltd. 29 June, 1970 [1 July, 1969], No. 33068/69. Heading F2D. To reduce noise in a motor vehicle hydrostatic transmission comprising a pump 16 feeding individual wheel motors 7, the pump at least is of the rotary screw type. The pump may comprise a driving screw meshing two diametrically opposed idler screws, and is located in the engine sump. The engine is mounted transversely at the front of the vehicle.
Patent GB-1510605-A (GB)
Title: Planar conductor path systems for integrated semiconductor circuits
IPC: H01L21/768
Filed: 1976-08-09
Abstract: 1510605 Semiconductor integrated circuits SIEMENS AG 9 Aug 1976 [3 Sept 1975] 33164/76 Heading H1K A planar conductor pattern for a semiconductor integrated circuit is formed by applying a metal layer to an entire face of a substrate, forming an impervious non-metallic mask in the required pattern, and converting the exposed parts of the layer to porous oxide by electroless oxidation in an aqueous solution. As described the metal is aluminium or aluminium-copper alloy applied to an optionally oxide-coated silicon wafer. In one method an anodic oxide film is formed over the entire layer and photolithographically patterned to form the mask. Alternatively the aluminium layer is exposed patternwise through a photoresist layer and exposed parts of its surface anodically oxidized to form the mask. In another method the mask is constituted by a photoresist pattern. The porous oxide is formed by treatment for 1 hour at 90 C. with a 1% aqueous solution of hexamethylene tetramine. Finally a layer of silica sputtered overall and apertured where required to provide access to the conductor pattern.
Patent GB-978768-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to vacuum filling machines
Inventor: HUSBAND ERNEST
IPC: B65B1/16
Filed: 1963-08-21
Abstract: 978,768. Vacuum filling machines. RECKITT & SONS Ltd. Aug. 21, 1963, No. 33187/63. Heading B8C. Powder from a tubular discharge 2 passes through a tube 4 within a bore 5 into a container when a valve 8 is unseated from the top of the tube 4 by reduced air pressure which acts through a conduit 12 and raises a diaphragm 7, which carries the valve 8, against the action of a spring 11. A less reduced air pressure also acts through conduit 15 to facilitate the flow of powder into the container and, after filling, air is blown through conduit 16 to sweep away through conduit 15 any surplus powder which may remain in bore 5. If the container to be filled is deformable it is supported within a bell and a duct leads from the bore 5 or 14 to the bell externally of the container so that reduced air pressure is applied to both sides of it during filling. Specification 978,768 is referred to.
Patent GB-301308-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicle spring suspension systems
IPC: B60G11/08
Filed: 1928-11-13
Abstract: 301,308. Soc. Anon. des Automobiles Unic. Nov. 26, 1927, [Convention date]. Springs, arrangement of.-The main longitudinal vehicle suspension springs 9 each work in conjunction with a damping-spring 10 of substentially shorter length. The thickness of the plates of the damping-spring may be less than that of the main plate of the main spring. The springs may be attached one above and one below the axle. One or both ends may be connected to the frame by shackles.
Patent GB-929603-A (GB)
Title: Sowing machine
IPC: A01C7/04
Filed: 1961-09-18
Abstract: 929,603. Seed sowers. E. JORDAN. Sept. 18, 1961, No. 33306/61. Class 6(1). A seed sowing machine comprises a hollow cylinder 12 with seed openings 19, 19<SP>1</SP>, 20, 201 located below a hopper 6, the cylinder being provided with cores 24 which are loose inside the cylinder and have push rods 25 which extend into the openings, the arrangement being such that the rods 25 allow seeds into the openings adjacent the hopper and act as ejectors when the openings are adjacent to a discharge tube 8. The openings in the cylinder may be each formed with a groove on the outside of the cylinder and further grooves may be provided on the outside of the cylinder to act as agitators for the seed in the hopper.
Patent GB-946823-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in processes for the manufacture of cellulose ethers
Inventor: ROSE LESLIE
IPC: C08B11/193
Filed: 1959-10-02
Abstract: Alkali metal salts of cellulose ethers (e.g. carboxyl-methyl, hydroxyethyl, and hydroxyethylcarboxymethyl celluloses) are made by treating cellulose in an inert organic slurrying medium and carrying out the alkali cellulose preparation and at least partly carrying out the etherification in a shredding apparatus, the weight ratio of the inert organic slurrying medium to cellulose being less than 8:1 and the water content in the cellulose ether product being between 24% and 36% by weight.  The raw material may be wood pulp, e.g. spruce pulp or especially beechwood pulp, and may be milled before entering the shredding apparatus.  Cellulose may be reacted with an alkali and alkali metal salt of monochloracetic acid or free monochloracetic acid in the presence of ethyl alcohol, n-or iso-propyl alcohol, n-, iso-, sec- and tert.-butyl alcohol, acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, or mixtures thereof.  Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose may be made by reacting cellulose with caustic soda and sodium monochloracetate in an inert organic slurrying medium, e.g. anhydrous isopropyl alcohol. Examples describe the preparation of the cellulose ethers listed above.  The products have a granular form, and dissolve readily in water.
Patent GB-759126-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the prestressing of concrete and like tanks
IPC: E04G21/12
Filed: 1954-11-18
Abstract: 759,126. Prestressed concrete; walls. CROM, J. M. Nov. 18, 1954 [Nov. 18, 1953], No. 33419 54. Class 20(4). [Also in Group XXIX]. A circular tank of masonry or monolithic concrete is pre-stressed by winding wire under tension around its wall. The wire is guided for presentation to the wall at the desired variable height, by means which move around the tank wall as the winding progresses. As shown in plan in Fig. 3, the tension is applied to the wire 219a by a tractor 215 which carries a supply 219 of wire and is guided around the tank wall 200 by a roller 257. The guide comprises a pulley 206 which is suspended from a hand-winch 208 by a cable 207, the winch being mounted on a platform 210 on a rotating structure 10 pivotted on a central post 42. in the tank floor and supported by wheels 20, 21. The wire 219 passes through an extrusion die 220, on the tractor, which determines the degree of tension. The platform 210 is attached to the tractor by cables 213, so that the pulley 206 travels around the tank at an elevation determined by the winchoperative. The windings may be uniform spaced, or the winch may be operated during each circuit of the tractor to produce criss-cross windings. The windings may be of iron or steel, nylon or other plastic, or fibrous glass. In a modification, the platform 210 merely straddles the upper edge of the tank wall, but may be tied to the centre of the tank floor by a cable. Rollers bear upon the top of the wall and horizontal rollers bear on the inside and outside of the tank wall to prevent tilting of the platform. In a further modification, the wire supply is carried inside the tank on a rotating structure, similar to the structure 10, the wire being led over pulleys to an extrusion die, secured to an arm depending from the platform on the outside of the tank, from which it passes to the vertically adjustable pulley 206. The tension is applied by rotating the structure 10 by driving the wheel 20, this being effected by a motor, clutch and chain gearing. The structure is loaded to apply the wheel 20 firmly to the tank floor. The tank wall is pre-stressed vertically by wires 160, 160a, 161, 161a. The wires 160, 160a are tensioned before winding and the wires 161, 161a after winding, to connect the walls to the bottom of the tank. The reinforcements are protected by an applied outer layer of mortar. When the tank to be pre-stressed has a domed cover, the rotating structure moves around the rim of the top end and is tied by a cable to a central anchor on the dome.
Patent GB-1110405-A (GB)
Title: The production of esters
Inventor: BREWIS SELVYN
IPC: C07C69/52
Filed: 1964-08-17
Abstract: 4-Vinylcyclohexene is prepared as a by-product in the preparation of esters by reacting a butadiene with carbon monoxide and an alcohol or phenol in the presence of a catalyst comprising platinum, palladium, and/or nickel and either (a) bromide and/or iodide ions or (b) a ligand as hereinbefore defined and chloride, bromide or iodide ions, the said catalyst being present in solution in the reaction medium (see Division C2).ALSO:Unsaturated esters and saturated diesters are prepared from dienes by reacting with carbon monoxide and an alcohol or phenol in the presence of a catalyst comprising platinum, palladium, and/or nickel and either (a) bromide and/or iodide ions or (b) a ligand and chloride, bromide or iodide ions the catalyst being in solution in the reaction medium.  In the diene the doubly bonded carbon atom most remote from the other double bond is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom, e.g. butadiene and substituted butadienes such as n-dodecyl, cyclohexyl, 2-chloroethyl, benzyl, toluyl or phenyl butadienes and cyclopentadiene, allene, cyclo - octa - 1,5 - diene, 3 - chloro - cyclohexa - 1,4 - diene, and 2 - methyl penta - 1,4-diene and octa, hepta, hexa and pentadienes. The ligands contain nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, or sulphur preferably phosphorus and examples are p, sec- or tert-amines, phosphines or arsines, alkyl, aryl or cycloalkyl phosphites, sulphides or sulphones.  Palladium is the preferred metal constituent and bridged palladium complexes are particularly suitable. Examples describe the preparation of methyl pent-3-enoate, and methyl penta-4-enoate from butadiene; methyl 2-methylpent-3-enoate and methyl hex-4- and 3-enoate from piperylene; and the treatment of isoprene, cyclopentadiene cyclo-octa-1,3-diene, cyclo-octa-1,5-diene, hexa-1,5-diene, and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene with varying conditions and catalysts to form unsaturated esters, diesters and a keto-ester, with a 4-vinyl cyclohexane by-product when butadiene is used.
Patent GB-788573-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gas pumps and compressors with liquid ring
IPC: F04C19/00
Filed: 1955-11-23
Abstract: 788,573. Liquid-ring gas pumps. DARDELET, R. L. Nov. 23, 1955 [April 29, 1955], No 33527/55. Class 110 (1). In a liquid-ring pump having transverse partitioning of the rotor and stator, at least one transverse partition of the rotor extends from the outer periphery of the rotor towards, but short of, the inner periphery. In the liquid-ring pump shown, having rotor and stator partitions 24, 25 of known type, additional stator partitions 15 and additional rotor partitions 17 are provided; the partitions 17 extending only part of the distance from the outer periphery of the rotor towards the inner periphery. The partitions 17 may have a height of between 0.1 and 0.25 of the rotor diameter, and their inner edges may be sharp, as shown, or rounded. Additional partitions 15, 17 may be provided. The rotor may be of asymmetrical overhung type instead of the symmetrical type shown, and several such rotors may be mounted on a common shaft.
Patent GB-896588-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in wound stators for a.c. machines
IPC: H02K1/18
Filed: 1958-10-22
Abstract: 896,588. Securing cores of dynamo-electric machines. CLARKE, CHAPMAN &-CO. Ltd., and BROWN, A. S. Oct. 22, 1959 [Oct. 22, 1958], No. 33845/58. Class 35. The stator core 12 of an electric motor is supported by end-rings 24 secured to the core by through rivets or by metal strips (neither shown) welded in position across flats on the outer surface of the core, these end-rings being located by spigots 28 on the motor end-covers 29. The spigots are tapered at 32 for ease of assembly, and the end-rings may have corresponding conical surfaces.
Patent GB-622255-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for stereophonic transmission by electric means
IPC: H04H20/88
Filed: 1946-11-14
Abstract: 622,255. Stereophonic transmission. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN. Nov. 14, 1946, No. 33864. Convention date, April 21, 1943. [Class 40 (iv)] One of two stereophonic signals using a common channel has its highest and lowest frequencies suppressed and is transmitted as the lower sideband of an auxiliary carrier wave. As shown, if the frequencies above 5000 and below 300 c/s. are suppressed and the resulting signal transmitted as the lower sideband on a carrier wave of 25,000 c/s., the channel necessary for the transmission of one signal a and the curtailed signal b is reduced to a width of 25,000 c/s., the upper sideband b<SP>1</SP> being also suppressed. The selective requirement of the filter to remove the carrier wave is not severe because of the gap of 300 c/s. between the highest frequency of the lower sideband and the frequency of the carrier wave. The reproduction of the signals on two loud-speakers is described with reference to a circuit (Fig. 2, not shown).
Patent GB-852465-A (GB)
Title: Compositions containing high vinyl-low diene resins and acidic resins and uses thereof
Inventor: BURKE OLIVER W JR
IPC: C08K5/17
Filed: 1956-11-07
Abstract: A resin composition comprises an ethylenically unsaturated copolymer of an aromatic vinyl hydrocarbon and a conjugated diene hydrocarbon, and an acidic polymer prepared by the polymerization of a monomer containing ethylenic mono- or di-carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, incorporated in a proportion so that the acidity of the composition is equivalent to from 1 to 20 ml of 0, N sodium hydroxide per gram of the composition.  The composition may be blended with natural or synthetic rubbers and compounded with vulcanising agents and accelerators and vulcanised.  The conjugated diene is less than 40% of the copolymer, which may be a styrene-butadiene copolymer, and the acidic polymer may be polyacrylic or polymethacrylic acid or copolymers, e.g. of maleic anhydride with vinyl monomers.  The acidic polymer may be prepared by emulsion or mass polymerization, and may be converted to the soluble form by alkali.  The composition may be prepared by blending the polymer with the latex of copolymer, and used in latex form or coagulated, separated and dried, or alternatively the copolymer is prepared in solution or dispersion with a catalyst, in the presence of the acidic polymer. The composition may be master-batched with rubbers such as, butadiene-styrene, or acrylonitrile, butyl rubber, chloroprene or natural rubber, vulcanised e.g. with sulphur, tellurium or selenium, with additional accelerators such as amines e.g. tetraethylpentamine or cyanoalkyl substituted amines, and fillers such as vinylic fillers and carbon black, silica, clay, diatomaceous earth, titanium dioxide, metal oxides, silicates or carbonates and lignin may be included and the acidic groups may be converted to metal salts such as lead, tin, barium, calcium or magnesium if desired.  Examples describe compositions of high styrene low butadiene resin with (1) polymethacrylic and polyacrylic acids, compounded with zinc oxide, stearic acid, benzothiazyl disulphide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, sulphur and isopropylamine propionitrile and cured; and, with (2) styrene-maleic anhydride, and styrene, acrylamide and methacrylic acid and the copolymer is prepared in an aqueous solution of the acidic polymer.  Specification 841,159 is referred to.
Patent GB-322084-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in newspaper sheets and the like
IPC: B65H45/28
Filed: 1928-11-20
Abstract: 322,084. Daly, F. Nov. 20, 1928. Newspapers.-To facilitate folding, newspapers ard similar sheets are cut, pierced, or slotted, along a part of the length of their line or lines of folding. One or more elongated slots may be produced along the folding-lines by cutting and removing portions of the paper therefrom, or removable portions 4 bounded by lines of perforations may be provided for removal by tearing.
Patent GB-1253345-A (GB)
Title: Animal truck-loading device
Inventor: CHALMERS GEORGE HOWE
IPC: B60P1/44
Filed: 1970-07-14
Abstract: 1,253,345. Loading platforms for vehicles. G. H. CHALMERS. 14 July, 1970, No. 34001/70. Heading B8E. To load a vehicle 31, Fig. 1, e.g. with animala, a loading pen 14 is released by means of a handle 27 and swung down on pivoted lines 16 against the resistance of springs 17. Telescopic members 20, 21, provided with ratchet and pawl means, hold the open -in the lowered position. After loading, the pen is released and the springs 17 lift it to the raised position shown. Fig. 7 shows a second embodiment in which the springs 17<SP>1</SP> and release mechanism are differently arranged.
Patent GB-754087-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical vapour detectors
IPC: G01N27/12
Filed: 1954-11-25
Abstract: 754,087. Determining physical qualities of materials. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd. Nov. 25, 1954 [Dec. 24, 1953], No. 34222/54. Class 37. Apparatus for detecting the presence of a gas having hydrogen as a constituent comprises means for bringing the gas into contact with a positively charged, heated electrode comprising a filament 3 (Fig. 1) wound on a ceramic former 1 impregnated with a salt of high electrolytic conductivity, e.g. sodium hydroxide, associated with a negatively charged electrode 2 inserted into tight-fitting holes in the former 1 and supported by arms 4 from a cylinder 5, so that the hydrogen ion content of the gas causes a change in conductivity in the former 1 which is indi. cated by corresponding changes in the interelectrode current, indicated by a meter 11. Specification 648,367 is referred to.