Patent GB-663624-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to television transmitting and receiving systems
IPC: F16L47/10
Filed: 1948-02-27
Abstract: 663,624. Multiplex radio signalling; frequency modulation. BRITISH THOMSONHOUSTON CO., Ltd. Feb. 27, 1948 [Dec. 10, 1946], No. 6123/48. Class 40 (v). Amplitude-modulated waves may be converted to waves of substantially constant amplitude by beating them with unmodulated oscillations having an amplitude smaller than the minimum amplitude of the modulated waves, and tuning the output to the beatfrequency. As shown in Fig. 3, amplitudemodulated waves of frequency f1 from a source 1, are mixed with unmodulated waves of frequency f2 from a source 3, in a linear detector 2, the output of which across resistor 8 is fed through a series-resonant circuit 9, 10 to a parallel-resonant circuit 11, 12 both circuits being tuned to the beat frequency f1-f2. If the amplitude of f2 is considerably smaller than the minimum amplitude of f1, the beat is of substantially constant amplitude. It may be raised to the original frequency f1 by mixing it in the detector 4 with the frequency f2 and selecting the frequency f1 from the output. The invention consists in employing this system of amplitude limitation for a combined transmitter in which a first carrier wave is amplitudemodulated by video signals, and a second carrier wave, derived from the amplitude-modulated output of the first carrier, is frequency-modulated by the associated audio signal. A receiver for the combined signals may also make use of the same system of amplitude limitation. Fig. 4 shows the combined picture and audio signal transmitter. The picture signal is radiated from the aerial 26 as an amplitude modulation of a carrier of frequency f1, and the audio signal from the aerial 28 as a frequencymodulation of a carrier about 4.5 mc. higher in frequency. Energy is picked up at 29 from the feed-line of the aerial 26 and is mixed at 2 with low-amplitude waves of frequency f2. The difference frequency (f1 - f2), substantially free of amplitude modulation, is selected, amplified and limited, and is then mixed at 34 with a wave from a source 35 of, say, 4.5 mc/s., frequency-modulated by the audio signal, to produce a wave of mean frequency (f1 -f2 + 4.5). This is selected by a filter 36 and is mixed at 37 with a wave of frequency f2 from the source 3, thus producing at the transmitter 39 and aerial 28 a wave of mean frequency (f1 + 4.5) on which the audio signal is present as a frequency modulation. Any adventitious frequency variation that is present in the picture carrier wave f1 is also present in the audio carrier wave, with the result that when the carriers beat with each other at the receiver, in the manner described in Specification 663,167, this adventitious variation disappears. Fig. 5 shows the amplitude-limiting system applied to a F.M. receiver. The F.M. waves received on the aerial 41 are reduced in frequency and amplified at 40 and are fed to the grid of a valve 48. An anode circuit 60 tuned to the intermediate frequency is coupled by a circuit 78 to the cathode 79 of a rectifier 79, 81. A triode valve in the same envelope generates oscillations in the back-coupled tuned circuit 74 which are fed by circuit capacity or by small condenser 82 to the rectifier cathode. The anode 77 is earthed and acts as a shield. The weak oscillations supplied by the oscillator 74 with the I.F. in the rectifier 79, 81 and produce a beat wave in the circuit 85 of constant amplitude, despite unwanted amplitude variations in the I.F. wave. This wave is fed by the coupled circuit 86 to the grid of the I.F. amplifier 48 and appears in the anode circuit 63 tuned to the beat frequency. The circuit 63 is coupled to a phasing discriminator 88 giving an audio signal across the rectifier load resistors 94, 95 which signal is fed through a resistor 97, condenser 100, and volume-control potentiometer 99 to the grid of an audio amplifier 102. The output circuit of the mixer 79, 81 also includes a resistor 84 which supplies an automatic gain control voltage to the I.F. stages 40 through a time constant circuit 110, 111 which shunts audio voltages. Specification 547,231 also is referred to.