baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-345901-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to contacts for electric switches and the like
IPC: H01H1/02
Filed: 1930-06-27
Abstract: 345,901. Switch contacts. INTERNATIONAL GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Inc., 120, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.- (Assignees of Allgemeine Elektricitõts-Ges. ; 2, Friedrich Karl Ufer, Berlin.) June 27, 1930, No. 19617. Convention date, June 28, 1929. [Class 38 (v).] Electric contacts comprise one or more strips of relatively rare and not readily oxidizable metal of high vapourizing temperature, secured by wedging or dovetailing to a block of cheaper material of sufficient size for conducting of the heat. In the form shown in Fig. 1, a wedge-shaped strip of silver s is dovetailed into a massive copper contact-piece k carried on a resilient finger f. In the modification shown in Fig. 3, the strip of silver s is held fast to the copper piece k by means of a wedge-shaped member m and a bolt r. This enables the strip s to be readily replaced. A number of parallel strips of silver mounted on one block in the same way may be used. The contact blocks may be produced by drawing the rare metal and the support together in rods, which are subsequently cut into blocks.
Patent GB-617242-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heat and power generating plant
IPC: F02C1/06
Filed: 1945-07-31
Abstract: 617,242. Gas turbine plant. MASCHINENFABRIK OERLIKON. July 31, 1945, No. 19617. Convention date, Aug. 10, 1944. [Class 110 (iii)] The gases from a furnace first give up a portion of their heat to a liquid heater without generating a vapour and are then further cooled by utilizing them to transfer heat to a gas heater in which a gas compressed in a compressor is heated and then performs work in a gas turbine. The gases from the furnace 61 pass through a hot water heater 65 to two heaters L2 and L1 in which air from a compressor K is heated before passing to a turbine M which drives a generator N and the compressor K. The exhaust of the turbine is divided. Part passes to the furnace 61 as combustion air and the remainder passes through the heater L1 to pre-heat the air supplied by the compressor K. The air and combustion gas from the heater L1 together with the air supplied to the furnace as combustion air may be used to pre-heat the water before it passes to the heater 65 in heatexchangers B1, B2 and B3. The hot water from the heater 65 may be used in the heater H1 of the heat consumer H. The residual heat in the air leaving the heat-exchanger B1 may be utilized in the heater H3 of the consumer H. The heat obtained from cooling the compressor K and that obtained from a heat pump P, Q, R and S may be used in the heaters H2 and H4 of the heat consumer H. The temperature of the gases passing to the heater L2 may be controlled by passing some of the hot gases from the furnace through a passage 650 to a mixing chamber 80. Some of the gases passing through the heater L2 may be reheated by extracting them from the heater and mixing them with some of the hot gases taken from the passage 650 in a chamber 652. The turbine M may be controlled by byepassing a portion of the air in the air turbine circuit around some of the stages of the turbine; speed regulation of the compressor and of some of the turbine stages may also be provided. Specification 569,441 is referred to.
Patent GB-621102-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of linear polyesters
IPC: C08G63/19
Filed: 1947-05-15
Abstract: Polyesters are produced by heating one or more free dicarboxylic acids with one or more diphenols together with acetic anhydride or with the diacetate of the diphenol.  The acid may be adipic, sebacic, oxalic, g -acetyl-g -methyl pimelic, g -keto pimelic, suberic, or glutaric acid.  Preferably, one at least of the compounds contains its reacted groups linked to an aryl nucleus or nuclei in such position that there are at least 4 nuclear carbon atoms in each aromatic nucleus between the linkages connecting the nuclei together or to the reaction groups. Examples of diphenols of this type are hydroquinone; 2,5-dichlorhydroquinone; 4,41-dihydroxydiphenylsulphone; a b -bis-(4 - hydroxyphenoxy ethane; 4,41-dihydroxy - 3,5,31,51- or 2,5,21,51-tetramethyldiphenyl; 4,41-dihydroxy-3,5,31, 51-tetramethyldiphenylmethane; 4,41-dihydroxy-stilbene; 1,4-dihydroxynaphthalene; 2,3-dichlor-1,4-dihydroxynaphthalene; 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene; 2,6- and 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene.  Suitable acids of the preferred type are 4,41-dicarboxydiphenyl; terephthalic acid; 2,5-dichloroterephthalic acid; 2,6-dimethyl-terephthalic acid; 4,41-dicarboxydibenzyl; 4,41-dicarboxydiphenyl sulphone; and 4,41-dicarboxy-3,31-dimethyldiphenyl. The reactants are heated together at 100-350 DEG  C.  Catalysts, e.g. p-toluene sulphonic acid or phosphoric acid may be present.  The pressure may be reduced especially in the later stages of the reaction.  Preferably, an oxygen-free atmosphere is maintained, e.g. by a stream of hydrogen or nitrogen over or through the reaction mixture.  Preferably, the reactants are molten or dissolved, e.g. in phenol or m-cresol. Preferably, the complementary reaction groups are equivalent and reaction is continued to produce high molecular weight products suitable for films or filaments.  In the examples, (1) hydroquinone diacetate was reacted with adipic acid.  It is stated that 1,4-dihydroxy naphthalene diacetate may replace the hydroquinone diacetate.  (2) Hydroquinone, acetic anhydride and adipic acid were heated together.
Patent GB-681551-A (GB)
Title: Purification of gases
IPC: C10K1/30
Filed: 1949-07-26
Abstract: 681,551. Gas purifiers ; revivifying purifier waste. HUMPHREYS & GLASGOW, Ltd., and PHILLIPPS, J. H. July 5, 1950 [July 26, 1949], No. 19675/49. Class 55 (ii). Hydrogen sulphide is continuously removed from gases by passage of the gas vertically through a downwardly moving packed bed 12 of hydrated iron oxide-containing material the horizontal cross-sections of which at any level is coincident with that of the gas path, and the sulphidized material is wholly or in part revivified after removal - from the base of the bed, during its transport to reuse or other reconditioning for re-use, through an airtight conduit 26 containing an endless conveyer 31 of drag-link, scraper or chain type. A stream of air from a blower 35 is forced upwardly and downwardly through the rising column of material. The moisture content and pH value may be adjusted before return to the purifier. The gas may pass in co- or counter-current with the purifying material. Specifications 640,065, 673,546, are referred to.
Patent GB-147740-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in regenerative coke-ovens
IPC: C10B21/10
Filed: 1920-07-08
Abstract: 147,740. Otto & Co., Dr. C. March 31, 1917, [Convention date]. Coke ovens.-In a vertical-flued oven having subways giving access to the regulating-valves, each heating flue is associated with its own gas and air regenerators. The regenerator units b are arranged in rows parallel to the length of the oven chambers, and are supplied with gas and air from mains c, g, the branches from which to the regenerator units are valve-controlled. Beneath the rows are waste-gas flues k, and in these flues are valves by which the proportions of waste gases passing through the air and gas regenerators respectively can be controlled. When using gas of high calorific value, the whole of the waste gases may be passed through the air regenerators, the gas regenerators in this case acting as recuperators. Specification 147,231 is referred to.
Patent GB-1378716-A (GB)
Title: Separating alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids and or by products from their manufacture from aqueous solutions
IPC: C07C51/25
Filed: 1972-04-28
Abstract: 1378716 α,#-unsaturated carboxylic acid purification BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODAFABRIK AG 28 April 1972 [29 April 1971] 19770/72 Heading C2C In a process for the separation of α,#-unsaturated carboxylic acids, e.g. acrylic or methacrylic acids, from a mixture prepared by the catalytic oxidation of corresponding olefines with a terminal double bond, or an α-#-unsaturated aldehyde formed as intermediate, with oxygen a oxygen containing gas using an azeotropic distillation with hydrophobic solvents, a solvent with higher boiling point than all the products is used in an amount greater than is necessary for the azeotropic removal of water. Suitable solvents are adipic acid dinitrile, 2- ethyl hexanoic acid, dimethyl and dibutyl phthalates, tributyl phosphate, diphenyl ether and diphenyl, or mixtures of 73À5% diphenyl ether with 26À5% diphenyl. Examples describe the separation of acrylic acid, acetic acid and maleic anhydride using four columns with recycling of the solvent. In an alternative the acrylic acid and maleic anhydride are distilled off together, the solvent being recycled at this stage. A further distillation separates the acrylic acid and maleic anhydride.
Patent GB-852016-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electro-plating metallic bodies
IPC: C25D5/36
Filed: 1958-06-20
Abstract: 852,016. Electro-plating iron bodies formed by powder metallurgy. ALTALANOS GEPTERVEZO IRODA. June 20, 1958 [July 12, 1957], No. 19858/58. Class 41 An iron-containing moulded body made by powder metallurgy is treated with super heated steam, to provide a blue oxide layer which substantially seals the pores, and is then coated with a metal, e.g. Ni, Cr, Cu, which is deposited electrolytically. In examples, bodies, e.g. gears, made by moulding and sintering iron powder mixed with a small amount of copper powder and graphite, are treated with super-heated steam at 550 to 600C. and then nickel plated. A top coating of chromium may then be deposited electrolytically.
Patent GB-893468-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lock stitch sewing machines
IPC: D05B57/22
Filed: 1960-06-07
Abstract: 893,468. Sewing-machines. JEPPENER, O., and JEPPENER jun., O. June 7, 1960 [June 9, 1959], No. 19874/60. Class 112. To prevent twisting or untwisting of the lower thread in a lock-stitch sewing-machine having a lower thread bobbin rotating with the rotary shuttle, the thread is withdrawn from alternate sides of the bobbin, first on one side and then on the other. Shuttle construction. The bobbin 14 is journalled in a shuttle 8a formed in two parts. Thread exit apertures 17a and 17b are provided in the shuttle wall on the axis of shuttle rotation, and are joined by a slot 17 so that when the lead of the lower thread is diverted see Figs. 10, 12 by means 27 described below, the thread may pass from one aperture to the other. The means 27 has one end 25 engaging the thread below the stitch plate and is pivoted at 27a to the stationary shuttle race 12. A pin 29 secured to the other end of means 27 is engaged by an abutment 28 pivoted to a rib 10 on the shuttle to shift the lead of the thread and to pivot the means 27 each revolution of the shuttle. Shields 36, 37 are provided to guard the abutment from contact with the threads. Shuttle driving. Arms 2, 3, on the shaft 1 have lugs 5, 4 which alternately engage recesses 7, 6 on the shuttle, the arms oscillating, as balls 31, 32 co-operate with the stationary grooves 34, 35 which the shaft 1 revolves.
Patent GB-442515-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of films and foils from cellulose esters and ethers by the dry spinning process
IPC: C08L1/10
Filed: 1934-07-06
Abstract: Wide films, sheets, or foils are obtained by extruding solutions of cellulose esters or ethers in volatile solvents with softening agents, through slit-shaped openings into an evaporative medium, the extruded solutions being allowed to travel in freely suspended condition during solidification.  Drying gases may travel from side to side of the extrusion chamber across the path of the film.  When the films are sufficiently set they may be taken up and further transported by rollers which may engage the whole width of the material or only the outer edges.  While the films are still plastic they may be engraved or patterned by means of rollers, or coloured by application of dyestuffs.  They may be rolled up or cut directly into sheets.  The winding device may be situated inside or outside the spinning cabinet and spinning may be upward, downward, horizontal, or in any other direction.  The films may be stretched while plastic by the pull of the forwarding rollers.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 318,630, [Class 2 (ii)], 364,654, and 375,425.
Patent GB-1141115-A (GB)
Title: A cable connector
Inventor: BEINHAUR ERNEST LLOYD
IPC: H01R4/50
Filed: 1967-05-01
Abstract: 1,141,115. Couplings. AMP Inc. 1 May, 1967 [9 May, 1966], No. 19912/67. Heading DIT [Also in Division H2] Each half of a cable connector comprises a tubular body portion 2 with a tapering internal surface 15 containing cable gripping jaws 16, 17 whose parts are compressed together when the jaws are forced towards the narrow end of the body under the action of an asymmetrical wedge 9 driven in a passage 3 in the central part 1 of the connector, the force being transmitted by the moveable member 13 in the wider end of the body. In an alternative arrangement, not shown, one symmetrical wedge is employed to lock both halves of the connector simultaneously. Wedges are driven into position by a ram using an explosive charge, and an anvil which deforms the narrow end of the wedge to retain it in position (Figs. 8 and 9, not shown). Cable 36 comprises aluminium strands on a steel core, jaw set 17 having two sections with internal teeth 25 to grip the aluminium strands, and jaw set 16 comprising a number of internally toothed sections 22 to grip the bared steel core in a plane normal to the grip of jaw set 17. If the cable consists of a single metal only one pair of gripping jaws is employed. A compressible plastics spacer 30 held in position by the jaws allows their relative adjustment during the gripping action. An annular plastics member (27, Figs 2, 4, 5) facilitates the insertion of the cable into the connector. An abrasive material such as silicon or carborundum dust may be used in suspension in light oil on the cable section gripped by the jaws, to increase the frictional resistance and reduce corrosion effects. Sealing members may be placed at the end of tube 2. One half of the connector body may be used alone as a cable termination.
Patent GB-1112921-A (GB)
Title: An antiknock composition
IPC: C25B3/13
Filed: 1965-05-11
Abstract: 1,112,921. Tetrahydrocarbon leads. ETHYL CORPORATION. 11 May, 1965 [11 May, 1964 (2)], No. 19925/65. Heading C2J. [Also in Division C5] An anti-knock composition comprises a mixture of tetrahydrocarbon leads of the following formulµ: PbR 4 , PbR 3 R<SP>1</SP>, PbR<SP>1</SP> 3 R 2 , PbRR<SP>1</SP> 3  and PbR<SP>1</SP> 4  wherein R is an alkyl group, preferably of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R<SP>1</SP> is an alkenyl group preferably of 2 to 10 carbon atoms. The relative amount of each compound in the mixture is according to a statistical distribution of the hydrocarbon groups among the tetrahydrocarbon leads or within 7% thereof. There are preferably two to four different groups R and R<SP>1</SP>. R<SP>1</SP> may constitute 25 to 75% of the groups R and R<SP>1</SP>. The composition may be prepared by contacting a compound of the formula PbR n R<SP>1</SP> (4-n) , n= 1, 2 or 3, or a mixture of at least two compounds of the formula PbR x R<SP>1</SP> (4-x) , x=0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 with a catalyst the compounds being such that both R and R<SP>1</SP> are in the mixture. The catalyst may be used in the amount 0À1 to 5% wt. of the total weight of reactants and may be an activated aluminosilicate, e.g. zeolite, or active Al 2 O 3 , AlCl 3 , (Et) 2 Zn, ZaF 2 , (Me) 2 AlCl, ZrCl 4 , PCl 3 , FeCl 3  or Me 3 Al 2 Cl 3 . The reaction may be carried out from below 0 C. up to the decomposition temperature of the tetrahydrocarbon lead, e.g. at 20 to 70 C. The composition may also be prepared by reacting a Pb salt, Pb oxide or sulphide under anhydrous conditions with a mixture of at least two Grignard reagents, the mixture containing both R and R<SP>1</SP>. This reaction temperature may be 20 to 120 C., the pressure may be 0À2 atm. to 2000 p.s.i. The composition is recovered by washing, filtering and distilling the filtrate. A desensitizing agent, e.g. toluene, naphthalene and alkylated phenols, may be added before recovery. The Grignard reagents may be methyl or ethyl magnesium chloride and vinyl magnesium chloride.
Patent GB-275236-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to superheaters for steam
IPC: F01K3/26
Filed: 1927-07-27
Abstract: 275,236. International General Electric Co., Inc., (Assignees of Allgemeine Elektricitõts-Ges.). July 28, 1926, [Convention date]. Right to Patent relinquished. Compound engines. - In superheating steam flowing from the high pressure to the low pressure stage of a turbine or other prime mover by means of high pressure live steam which is re-superheated before admission to the turbine, the live steam superheater is divided into two parts d1, d2, and the steam flowing through d1 is heated to a temperature above the admission temperature of the high pressure stage, and is led through a heatexchanger e between the high and low pressure stages g, h of the turbine and then through a pipe k to the part d2 of the superheater. A part of the steam may flow through a pipe o directly to the turbine. According to the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) the amount of steam flowing direct from the boiler a to the part d2 of the superheater may be governed by a thermostat at the outlet of the heat exchanger e. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-937449-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to magnetron valves
IPC: H01J23/05
Filed: 1961-06-02
Abstract: 937,449. Magnetrons. LIGNES TELEGRAPHIQUES ET TELEPHONIQUES. June 2, 1961 [June 14, 1960; Oct. 31, 1960; April 28, 1961], No. 20052/61. Class 39 (1). A magnetron cathode structure is in two parts independently connected to the anode structure, a lower part 1a, Fig. 2A, including the cathode body 2, a cooling device 4 and a centring finger 3 and an upper part 1b including a heater 14 and a centring flange 10 cooperating with the centring finger 3 of the lower part la. The cooling device 4 shown is a liquid cooler, but an air cooler incorporating vanes may be used instead. Cathode end hats 8, 9 are shown, but the centring flange 10 may serve as one end hat. In the embodiment shown the centring finger 3 is free to slide axially in the centring flange 10 to take up heat expansions, but in other embodiments the members 3 and 10 are secured together and heat expansion is taken up by a pair of parallel flexible diaphragms secured to the heat screening cylinder 11 and forming part of the envelope structure or, Fig. 4, by thin metal flange 22. Contact between members 3 and 10 in Fig. 2A is reduced by forming grooves in either member. R.F. chokes (not shown) are provided along the cylinder 11. In Fig. 4 the cathode structure may be centred by deformation of the cylinder 31 by means of screws 32, 33, which tend to rotate the cathode structure about the central seal in flange 22.
Patent GB-1259778-A (GB)
Title: Chemical process
Inventor: BROWN GEOFFREY GEORGE
IPC: C05C13/00
Filed: 1968-04-27
Abstract: 1,259,778. Granular ammonium sulphate nitrate. FISONS FERTILIZERS Ltd. 11 April, 1969 [27 April, 1968], No. 20095/68. Heading C1A. Granular ammonium sulphate nitrate is prepared by feeding particulate ammonium sulphate, a concentrated solution of ammonium nitrate having an elevated temperature, a compatible desiccant salt or compound and recycle material to a granulator; granulating the mixture at a temperature (T) in the range 40- 90‹ C. and at a total water content (W) of 5% by weight or less, T and W being related by the equation T= C - 10W where C is an arbitrary variable having a value of from 90-95; and thereafter drying the granules so formed. The ammonium sulphate is fed to the granulator in a molar quantity greater than or equal to the molar quantity of ammonium nitrate, the ammonium nitrate being introduced in the form of a fine spray of solution containing 1-10% by weight of water and having a temperature from 100-170‹ C. The compatible desiccant salt or compound is a salt or compound having a greater affinity for water than ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate and does not react detrimentally with either. Suitable compounds include aluminium salts e.g. aluminium sulphate; iron salts e.g. FeSO 4 , ferrous ammonium sulphate and ferric alum; magnesium salts; alumina and magnesium oxide. The dessicant salt or compound is added in an amount of 0À1-5% by weight based on the ammonium sulphate nitrate in the granular product. A small amount of anhydrous ammonia may be added during granulation to reduce the acidity of the product. After granulating, the granules are dried in a rotary drum at 80-120‹ C. to a moisture content of not more than 0À5% by weight.
Patent GB-979571-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to waveguide devices
IPC: H01P1/15
Filed: 1962-05-24
Abstract: 979,571. Amplitude modulation. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., and C. T. THOMPSON. Aug. 23, 1963 [May 24, 1962], No. 20103/62. Heading H3R. [Also in Division H1] A ridge waveguide switch or attenuator comprises a ridge 2 extending almost to the opposite wall of the waveguide and an NP variable capacity diode 16, mounted in the gap so that the transmission may be changed by varying the voltage across the diode. A silicon wafer 16 is mounted on the slightly springy surface 14 of the nickel pan 13. The block 10 is carried in the waveguide by insulator 11, and two semiconductors may be mounted in the same block, Fig. 1. The waveguide may be sealed by mica windows 22 and the block 10 sealed by a plate 23, Fig. 3. In a T-waveguide junction, each arm may be a ridge waveguide with the ridge decreasing away from the junction, and each of the collinear arms having NP junctions as above.
Patent GB-1475944-A (GB)
Title: Electronic programmers
IPC: G05B19/07
Filed: 1975-05-13
Abstract: 1475944 Electronic sequential timing circuits LGZ LANDIS & GYR ZUG AG 13 May 1975 [17 May 1974] 20142/75 Heading H3T An electronic programmer comprises a plurality of timing circuits comprising a common capacitor 6 and at least two resistors 1, 2 switched in sequentially by means of a shift register 10 and a threshold switch, in the form of a logic gate, 5, bridging capacitor 6, which is arranged to pulse the clock input of the shift register 10 when a predetermined capacitor voltage is reached, the individual resistors 1, 2 being switched in sequentially by means of switches 3, 4, controlled in the various states of the shift register 10 by means of logic gates 18 ... 22. A further switch 8, controlled by the threshold switch 5 is provided for discharging the capacitor 6. The circuit may be built in integrated COS/MOS form, switches 3, 4, 8 being transmission gates. The switch 3 is initially closed so that capacitor 6 is charged from supply U B  via resistor 1 until the threshold switch 5 is triggered when the shift register 10 is set to its next state. Switch 8 is also closed, discharging capacitor 6. In the second state, switches 3 and 4 are both closed so that capacitor 6 is charged via resistors 1 and 2 in parallel. The output leads 15, 16, 17 may control relays or triacs.
Patent GB-135947-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Naval, Military and other Metallic Badges.
Inventor: GAUNT CHARLES FREDERICK
IPC: A44C3/00
Filed: 1918-12-05
Abstract: 135,947. Gaunt, C. F. Dec. 5, 1918. Badges. - The parts of stamped sheet - metal badges are united by crossbars 1 - - 4, either integral with the part or soldered thereto. In attaching the badge to a cloth or other backing, the cross-bars are covered with material of the same colour as the cloth &c. The badge may have a back-plate fixed to it behind the cloth or other backing.