baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-572897-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment by distillation of complex mixtures
IPC: C07C7/05
Filed: 1943-03-19
Abstract: 572,897. Azeotropic distillation. ALUMINIUM PLANT & VESSEL CO., Ltd., RALPH, S. J., and DUMMETT, G. A. March 19, 1943, No. 4484. [Class 32] An acetone-methanol mixture containing at least a trace of water is distilled in the presence of a paraffinoid-aromatic hydrocarbon mixture so that acetone and paraffinoid components are removed as top products and the methanol and aromatic hydrocarbons (and water) are removed in the effluent from the base of the column. The acetone may then be removed from the paraffinoid hydrocarbons, e.g., by washing with water or other preferential solute for acetone, decantation and then concentration in a rectification column;: the methanol may also be separated similarly, thus providing a method of separating the components of the original mixtures. The invention is carried out in a continuous type of distillation apparatus at normal, reduced or increased pressure using comparatively low reflex ratios. When separating acetone and methanol, e.g., in wood spirit, advantageously diluted with water, the hydrocarbons may be fed back to the column immediately after decantation. In the case when the products to be removed from the system are hydrocarbons it is possible to feed the aqueous acetone and methanol resulting from the water washing of the distillate back into the distillation column. A mixture of hydrocarbons obtained, e.g., from the carbonisation of Scottish coal in vertical retorts and distilling at about 112‹C, is fed into fractionating column 3 through pipe line 1 and a solution of acetone and methanol in water is fed in from balance tank 6. Vapours consisting essentially of non-aromatic hydrocarbons and acetone leave the top of the column, are condensed and split into two streams by reflux divider 10. One stream passes in at the base of counter-current scrubber-decanter 13 meeting a stream of dilute methanol, water solution fed from balance tank 14. The top layer of paraffinoid hydrocarbons overflows to 18 while the layer of acetone and methanol in water returns to balance tank 6 and thence back to column 3. At the same time a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons, methanol and water is continuously removed from the base of column 3 to decanter 21 where the upper layer of aromatic hydrocarbons overflows to storage tank 23 while the lower layer of methanol and water is fed to tank 14. Unsaturated bodies and/or organic sulphur compounds such as those usually present in commercial fractions from coal carbonisation or petroleum products may also be present in the original feed. The majority of the unsaturated bodies will be found in the distillate whereas the sulphur compounds will normally, be found in the bottom product. Examples give details of the separation of hydrocarbon mixtures containing various proportions of non-aromatic and aromatic constituents.
Patent GB-717860-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus including a photo-electric cell
IPC: H01J40/00
Filed: 1952-02-20
Abstract: 717,860. Photocell housing. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and VARNEY, K. H. Feb. 4, 1953 [Feb. 20, 1952], No. 4498/52. Class 40 (3) A housing for photo-cell equipment used in a hot, dirty atmosphere comprises two concentric cylinders 12, 13 (Fig. 1) forming a jacket round the photo-cell 23 for the passage of cooling liquid. The outer housing 13 has a window 18 of armour plate, heat resisting glass at one end, and a gland 31 at the other end for carrying leads to the photo-cell 23 and a valve 24 assembled in the inner cylinder 12, the photo-cell being held by a helical spring 27 against a tapered seating 26. The output of the photo-cell 23 biases the A.C. fed valve 24, whose anode current controls a relay 33 (Fig. 2) to indicate in an external circuit an increase or decrease in bias, as predetermined, produced by admitting or cutting-off light respectively to the photo-cell via the window 18.
Patent GB-1473811-A (GB)
Title: Milking machines and milking systems
IPC: A01J5/04
Filed: 1976-02-03
Abstract: 1473811 Milking machines R R S JONES 3 Feb 1976 [3 Feb 1975] 4513/75 Heading AIM [Also in Division F2] A dual vacuum milking system, in which a relatively high vacuum is applied by way of a pulsator to expand the teat cup liners and a lower degree of vacuum is applied to the interior of the liners, has different degrees of vacuum maintained by a regulator having a line 1 connected by a T-junction to a vacuum pump and a pulsator and leading to a chamber having an exit orifice 2 controlled by a spherical weight maintaining a pressure differential of 3 ins. Hg. Exit 2 leads to a second chamber having a line 3 leading to the milk line and the interior of the teat cup liners, and having an exit orifice 4 controlled by a weight creating a pressure differential of 3 ins. Hg. Exit line leads to a third chamber having a line 5 providing vacuum for operating control equipment. A vacuum of 10 ins. Hg is maintained in the third chamber by a weight controlling an exit orifice 6.
Patent GB-1288335-A (GB)
IPC: C07C7/10
Filed: 1970-01-30
Abstract: 1288335 Refining n-alkylbenzenes CHEMISCHE WERKE HULS AG 30 Jan 1970 [1 Feb 1969] 4550/70 Heading C5E [Also in Division C2] Straight chain alkyl substituted benzenes, for use in production of alkyl benzene sulphonates, are refined by mixing with liquid HF in the absence of benzene and separating the organic phase from the mixture. The alkyl benzene may be a straight chain C 8 -C 16  alkane substituted by a phenyl radical. The treatment may be carried out at - 10 to 100‹ C. using HF containing 0À01-10 wt. per cent water.
Patent GB-457242-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to typographical composing machines
IPC: B41B11/06
Filed: 1936-02-14
Abstract: 457,242. Type-bar-making machines. CLEMO, F. A., 9, Kingsway, London.- (Mergenthaler Linotype Co. ; 29, Ryerson Street, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.) Feb. 14, 1936, No. 4595. [Class 100 (iii)] Magazines.-To facilitate the removal of a magazine, more particularly in the case of a multi-magazine machine, the base frame on which the magazine rests is arranged to slide forwards on its support, after which the magazine can be drawn forwards and suspended in a vertical position from the base frame, so that it can be lifted off. In the arrangement described, the magazines A, Fig. 1, are mounted in known manner in a shift-frame C, which can be raised and lowered by means of cams' J to bring a selected magazine into operative position. The shift-frame is, in turn, mounted in a supporting frame D, which can be turned about a pivot D<1> to raise the magazine in operative position above the level of the assembler entrance I. The magazines are of the short variety, and are connected to the magazine entrance F by a channelled conductor E. The base frames B have side flanges engaging in grooves in the side plates of the shift frame, and are held in normal position by spring detents C<4>. When the detents are withdrawn, a base frame can slide forwards to the extent permitted by a pair of sliding bars D<6>, Fig. 4, mounted in the supporting frame D. The base frame is coupled to the bars, as a magazine is brought into operative position, by lugs on the base frame, which pass into hooks on the ends of the bars. As the base frame moves forwards, it is locked to the bars, so that the shift frame cannot be moved. When the base frame is in the forward position, the magazine is raised and drawn forwards until a crosspiece on its underside abuts against shoulders B<3> at the sides of the base frame. The magazine is then turned into the vertical position.
Patent GB-491713-A (GB)
Title: Lighting systems for suspended metal obstructions in air defence arrangements
IPC: F41H11/04
Filed: 1937-03-17
Abstract: 491,713. Supply systems for incandescent and discharge lamps; aerial warfare. FODOR, J. March 17, 1937, No. 4761. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Group XXI] In an arrangement in which a balloon has metal obstructions suspended from it as in a balloon barrage system or captive balloon, the obstruction is illuminated by lamps suspended from or carried by it which are energized by high frequency current impressed on the obstruction. The obstruction may consist of a net or of separate wire ropes and the high frequency source may be on the ground or in the balloon. The source is connected to the obstruction at a point having a substantial impedance to earth or to the lower end of the net or cable which has a lumped impedance connected between it and earth. The impedance may be inductive, capacitative or resistive and the high frequency generator may be coupled to it inductively, capacitatively or galvanically. The high frequency supply may be modified so as to produce flashing or modulation of the light from the lamps and may produce standing waves in the net or cable by feeding two equal high frequency currents of opposite phase to the system. The lamps may be of the discharge or of the incandescent type. In the latter case they are each connected to tappings on an inductance forming a tuned circuit with a condenser which is suspended from the obstruction. Alternatively they may be energized by eddy currents. Discharge lamps with or without electrodes may be connected to the net or cable by spring clips or hooks or they may be connected at one end to a tuned circuit suspended from the metal obstruction. The whole of the obstruction may form a tuned circuit. Two or more different frequencies may be supplied to the system for operating independent lighting systems.
Patent GB-1425543-A (GB)
Title: Method and device for the feeding of bag-like containers to a filling station
IPC: B65B43/18
Filed: 1974-02-01
Abstract: 1425543 Opening bags INDAG GES FUR INDUSTRIEBEDARD mbH 1 Feb 1974 [30 March 1973] 04769/74 Heading B8C A bag is fed from a magazine 10 in an upright condition, via wheels 18, 19 which longitudinally crease the bag to improve its stability, to a filling station 21 where suction cups 27, 28 open it. A suction cup 13 on a pivoted arm 15 feeds the bottom bag from the magazine. Tapering guides 25, 26 move the side edges of each bag inwardly as it is conveyed in a conveyer pocket 24 to the station 21 where liquid filling means enter the bag.
Patent GB-348549-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in, or relating to, building construction
IPC: E04B1/41
Filed: 1930-02-12
Abstract: 348,549. Building slabs of special shape. WALKER, F. T., 27, Derbyshire Lane, Sheffield. Feb. 12, 1930, No. 4777. [Class 87 (i).] A rectangular block, slab, or panel of the kind formed on one side only with a continuous flange longitudinally channelled on the outside is characterized by holes f for the reception of the bars g and lateral grooves h extending from the holes to the edge of the flange to allow the tie bars to lie flush with the surface thereof. When the units are assembled to form a cavity wall the two layers are spaced apart by the ties, which bridge the cavity. The units may be assembled to break joint, Fig. 4.
Patent GB-215849-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to belt stretching machines
IPC: C14B9/00
Filed: 1923-02-19
Abstract: 215,849. Hoyle, J., and Associated Belting Companies, Ltd. Feb. 19, 1923. Belts, stretching.- In belt-stretching apparatus for use when coiling belting on a drum, the belting is drawn between a roller A rotatable about a fixed axis, and a roller or rollers D, E, adjustably mounted in a pair of frames or castings I, adapted to swing about the fixed axis and connected to a wall or other fixed part by a pair of spring gauges J<1> or other suitable means for balancing and indicating the pull on the belting. The belting passes round the rollers as shown and is drawn off to the coiling drum (not shown). The lower roller E may be omitted. The frame members I, are mounted on the axle a, preferably between the ends of the roller A and pedestal bearing supports C, and are formed with guide slots h<1>, h<2>, in which are arranged the slide blocks F and G, carrying the trunnions of the rollers D, E adjustment thereof to regulate the grip being effected by means of levers M<1>, M<2> connected by rods K, K<1> and a turnbuckle L. A turnbuckle T is also arranged in connection with one of the gauges J<1> to enable the readings of the pair of gauges to be equalized, the belt tension being indicated by the sum of the readings and being varied by adjusting the grip between the rollers. The rollers may be geared together and rotated by external means during the initial coiling of the belting on the drum. In the form in which the lower roller is dispensed with, the turnbuckle L may be replaced by a nut anchored to a fixed part.
Patent GB-577441-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in method of and apparatus for treating yarn thread or cord
IPC: D06C29/00
Filed: 1944-03-16
Abstract: 577,441. Treating yarn &c. UNITED STATES RUBBER CO. March 16, 1944, No. 4923. Convention date, June 17, 1943. [Classes 120 (ii) and 120 (iii)] A method of treating a yarn formed of fibres of vegetable origin, to give increased tensile strength, comprises wetting the yarn with a solution containing a wetting agent, stretching the wet yarn, treating it with hot water and stretching it close to the breaking point while hot and wet, and drying the yarn under substantial tension. A number of yarns 13 from supply spools 14 are led through pig - tails 16 to porcelain guides 17, each such guide having a side opening and a longitudinal central opening so that by turning the same about its longitudinal axis and clamping by a wing- nut 19, the appropriate yarn may be tensioned in passing through its guide 17. The yarns now pass through a wetting tank 31, about free-rollers 29, 30, 32, the tank preferably containing an aqueous solution of an alkali rosinate. The first yarn-forwarding rollers 20, 21, of which the roll 21 is positively driven, are grooved and pull the yarns through tapered free-running stretching rolls 35, 36, which are also grooved and supported on transverse bars 39. The number of loops of each yarn about the rolls 35, 36 determine the amount of stretch applied, which is preferably about 5 per cent. in the case of yarns having a total stretch capacity of 10-12 per cent. The forwarding rolls 20, 21, feed the yarns over a grooved board 44, one yarn travelling along each groove and being treated therein with hot water supplied through tubes 49. The temperature of the water is preferably over 160‹F. The second yarn feeding rolls 23, 24 forward the yarn at a greater speed so that substantial tension is applied during the hot water treatment. Yarn breakage detectors of the dropwire type, 59, are provided to stop the machine, the ends of the broken yarn being held by rolls 61, 62 at the ends of the board 44. The stretch applied during the hot water treatment is preferably also about 5 per cent. in the case of yarns having a total stretch capacity of 10-12 per cent. From the feed rolls 23, 24, the yarns are led about a free-running roller 51 and thence to discs 57, apertured about their peripheries, to move spirally about a drying tube 53 heated by super-heated steam at about 280‹F. The yarns preferably move through about 360 degrees in contact with the smooth wall of the tube 50, from which the third feed roll pair 25, 26, moving at the same speed as the rolls 23, 24, feed the stretched yarns to winding mechanisms. Specification 508,986 and U.S.A. Specification 2,297,536 are referred to.
Patent GB-1181227-A (GB)
Title: Electric Meters
Inventor: ISLES ERIC ROBERT
IPC: G01R11/02
Filed: 1966-09-13
Abstract: 1,181,227. Electric meters. K.G. CORFIELD Ltd. Aug. 16, 1967 [Sept. 13, 1966; Feb. 2, 1967], Nos.40761/66 and 5018/67. Heading G1J. An electric meter includes a lamp 17 and a pointer 24 combined with a mask 25 for the lamp. The movement of the meter is mounted on a plate 18 which has a segment 30 bent at right angles to prevent obstruction of the light from the lamp. The mask 25 is of transparent or translucent material and is divided into equal sections coloured red and green. The illuminated mask is viewed through a hole 28 in a dial 26 which is covered by a glass 29. Light not passing through the mask illuminates a scale on the dial. In a modification, the mask is opaque and either prevents or allows light to illuminate a coloured transparent or translucent screen covering the hole 28.
Patent GB-1166004-A (GB)
Title: Nuclear Reactors
IPC: G21C13/00
Filed: 1968-01-31
Abstract: 1,166,004. Reactor pressure vessels. STONE & WEBSTER ENG. CORP. 31 Jan., 1968 [21 March, 1967], No. 5035/68. Heading G6C. In a pressurized-water nuclear reactor, the reactor and the associated steam generating heat exchangers are housed within a containment structure provided with a pressure suppression system which operates during a nuclear accident. An external concrete biological shield surrounds the containment structure. The reactor vessel 11, Fig. 1, is disposed within the containment shell 10 together with the steam generators 12. The shell 10 has a hemispherical dome 10a and vertical compartments 14 containing the generators 12. A cylindrical steel tank 19 surrounds 10 and is embedded in concrete biological shield 23. The gravel, sand or rough concrete 25 surrounds 10. Duct 28 is closed by a relief valve rupture disc 31 and filter 32 and opens in 25. An accident within 10, causing a rise in pressure, ruptures disc 31 and releases gaseous explosion products to the porous mass 25. The escape of explosion products through a fracture in 10 is similarly reduced by 25. In Fig. 2, the pressure suppression is effected in the torus chamber 50 having condensing liquid 56 and inlet pipes 54. In further embodiments, a double containment shell is provided and a water shield may be disposed above the concrete.
Patent GB-304057-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electrical insulators
IPC: H01B17/38
Filed: 1928-02-17
Abstract: 304,057. Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co., Ltd., (Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co.). Feb. 17, 1928. Addition to 195,593. Insulation.-In a tension insulator as described in the parent Specification the terminal members are connected by a plurality of insulating rods 4 so that the increased tensile strength of rods of small diameter may be utilized. The metal terminal members 3, 8, Fig. 2, may be provided, with frusto-conical sockets 6 arranged in a circle about the axis of the apparatus. Within the sockets 6 are inserted the frusto-conical ends 11 of porcelain or like rods 4. The ends of the rods and the interior of the sockets may be roughened or grooved e.g. by coating with sand, porcelain particles or other ceramic aggregates of a granular nature. In order to equalize the loads on the rods cushioning material such as asphaltum is provided between the ends of the rods and the sockets and between the rods and the cementing material 16. The rods may be mounted in separate metal cups 19, Fig. 3, screwed on the terminal-piece 22. In further modifications the rods have sanded or otherwise roughened cylindrical ends and the terminal pieces may be of ceramic material instead of metal. As shown in Fig.7 each of the terminal members has a central boss with laterally extending U-shaped portion 56, Fig. 8 which embrace bosses on caps 43 mounted on the ends of the rods 42. The rods are secured by bolts 64 passing through holes 50 and engaging tapped holes in the bosses on the caps 43. By this means damaged rods may easily be replaced' without dismantling the apparatus.
Patent GB-492140-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved parachute and method of manufacturing same
IPC: B64D17/00
Filed: 1938-02-18
Abstract: A parachute canopy is made of a synthetic impermeable material such as sheets of cellulose acetate or material having a cellulosic base.
Patent GB-207736-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to wireless telephony or the like
IPC: H04K1/00
Filed: 1923-02-22
Abstract: 207,736. Anstey, R. W. Feb. 22, 1923. Secret and selective signalling systems.-In order to permit non-interfering telephone communication between a large number of stations, each station uses a combination of wave-lengths in sequence, the tuning of the transmitting- circuit and the circuit of the desired receiving- station being varied step-by-step by synchronous distributing-devices at the two stations. In order to confuse listeners at unauthorized stations, the transmitting-station also transmits confusing signals or noises, these signals being sent out on the same series of wave lengths. but in different sequence. Fig. 1 shows a transmitting-circuit, and Fig. 3 a construction of distributor. The aerial circuit C is energized by an oscillating valve O, connected to a modulating valve and microphone P. The aerial circuit has three parallel branches X, Y, Z each tuned to a different frequency, and each connected to a segment of the distributor. The branches are completed in turn by the passage of a ball down an inclined slide 1, the balls being released from pockets in a drum 2, which is stepped forward by a solenoid 4 operating a pawl-and-ratchet device when a synchronizing-signal is received. The desired receiving-station has similar means for varying the tuning of its aerial circuit, and also receives the synchronizing-signals, which are preferably sent out from a central station on a long wavelength, but may be sent out from the station transmitting. The confusing signals are sent out from the transmitting-station on the same set of wave-lengths as the telephonic message, but the distributor for the confusing signals is arranged to give the wave-lengths in different order, so that at every moment the message wave-length is different from the confusing wave-length. The distributor for the confusing signals may have only one or two segments. Gyroscopic apparatus may be used for maintaining the distributors level on ships.
Patent GB-306102-A (GB)
Title: Current impulse producing device, particularly for use on railways
IPC: B61L13/04
Filed: 1929-02-15
Abstract: 306,102. Allgemeine Elektricitõts- Ges. Feb. 15, 1928, [Convention date]. Track apparatus actuating signals other than on trains; recording movements of trains. - A momentary impulse in a circuit including a magnet c of a. counting device is produced as each wheel of a train passes between two magnetic cores a, b, a coil on one of which is energized by intermittent direct or alternating current and a coil on the other, which is in direct series with the magnet c, has induced in it an impulse due to the change of flux in it as each wheel passes between the cores. The cores may be mounted on a non-magnetic base. The cores may be omitted, the coils alone being used when the current supply is of high frequency.
Patent GB-1532554-A (GB)
Title: Metallic coating of metal tubes and similar work pieces
IPC: C23C2/38
Filed: 1976-02-10
Abstract: 1532554 Coating elongate workpieces with metal A J RAYMOND 10 Feb 1976 05164/76 Heading C7F An elongate metal workpiece, e.g. a tube or rod, is galvanized by passing it through a tubular member which continuously receives molten metal from a reservoir positioned above it. Molten metal, e.g. Zn or Zn-Al, in kettle 2 is pumped into a heated reservoir 3, via pipe 4, and passes into tubular member 10 through apertures 7. The reservoir 3 and member 10 are contained within a housing 12 in which an inert atmosphere is maintained, the metal carried out with the workpiece acting as a seal to prevent loss of the atmosphere. The coated workpiece passes through die 15 and air knife 18. The workpiece may be preheated by coil 11. The metal is prevented from solidifying in the guide by means of heat exchangers 9.