Patent GB-1064131-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to decorative processes
IPC: B44F5/00
Filed: 1963-02-08
Abstract: A method of forming a reproducible decorative pattern in a layer of viscous material capable of subsequent setting, comprises introducing or forming a layer of material between the surfaces of two sheets, plates or films, e.g. polished aluminium plates, polymethyl methacrylate plates, glass plates, cellulose acetate sheet, at least one of the surface being flexible, one of the surfaces being moved progressively into pressure contact with the second surface, and progressively separating the surfaces, the pressure applied being controlled, and the speed of separation being varied continuously or intermittently and/or the two surfaces being given a motion relative to each other, whereby a predetermined pattern is produced.  One or both surfaces sandwiching the viscous material may be embossed or used against an embossed backing.  One or both surfaces may be used against an embossed backing and the surfaces may be separated from each other whole still pressed against the backing or immediately on leaving it.  Patterns obtained in relief may be subsequently flattened or the depth of relief decreased by applying heat and/or pressure. One or more different viscous materials (including differently coloured viscous materials) may be applied to each surface uniformly or locally, or two or more are so applied successively to one of the surfaces.  The different viscous materials may have substantially different viscosities.  A moulding powder may be applied to one or both surfaces and is fused thereon to form the viscous material.  The process may be applied to the production of flow or wall coverings or of leather cloth using as one or both of the surfaces a felt, fabric e.g. woven nylon cloth, rhodia acetate satin, or cotton cloth, or a paper base.  The base may initially carry a skin coating substantially impermeable to the viscous material.  The pattern may be formed on a temporary surface and is transferred after setting or drying to another support, if necessary or desired with the aid of heat, which support may be coloured or otherwise ornamented, e.g. embossed, to provide a background for the pattern or is wet with liquid to produce a watered effect.  The viscous material may be dried or set locally in a pattern before separation of the surfaces or is so dried or set after separation and before transfer to another support, whereby the pattern from such local drying or setting is superimposed on the pattern due to the separation.  The viscous material may be a solution, plastisol, plastigel, organosol or organogel, or powder of cellulose derivatives, acrylic, vinyl e.g. polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, or other resins, and may contain dyestuffs, pigments, metal powders, mica powder, and crystals or crystal-forming substances such as copper sulphate.  As shown, lengths of material 5, 6 to be decorated have applied thereto a coating of viscous material, one colour on one material and a different colour on the other, and are fed through the nip between embossed roller 7 and belt 3 so that the coatings contact each other.  The materials are then separated, each carrying a pattern in the two colours.  The pattern of each support may then be transferred to another support.