Patent GB-833873-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions
Inventor: AIRS RAYMOND SPENCER
IPC: C09J7/20
Filed: 1958-11-20
Abstract: A composition, suitable for lubricating steam turbines or moving metallic surfaces under high pressure, comprises a major proportion of lubricating oil, a minor proportion of an oilsoluble halogen-containing organic compound which imparts extreme pressure-lubricating properties to the composition and a minor proportion of an oil-soluble organo-tin compound having at least one carbon-tin bond in the molecule.  The lubricating oil may be mineral and/or synthetic and may be blended with a fatty oil.  Synthetic lubricating oils mentioned are olefin polymers, alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons, esters of organic or inorganic acids (e.g. di-(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate or adipate, triotyl or tricresyl phosphate and tetraoctyl silicate), polymers and copolymers of polyalkylene glycols and ethers and esters thereof, and polyorganosiloxanes.  The halogen-containing compound may be a halogenated petroleum fraction (e.g. lubricating oil or paraffin wax); a halogenated fatty acid (e.g. chlorostearic acids); a chlorinated fatty oil or fat; 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(41-chlorophenyl)-ethane or other halogenated aromatic compound (e.g. chlorinated naphthalene, diphenyl or diphenyl ether); an addition product formed between a carbon tetrahalide or a trihalomethane and an alkene-1 containing 8 or more carbon atoms in the molecule or a mixture of such alkenes, or a partial dehydrohalogenation product of such an addition product; 2-trichloromethyl-4-phenyl-5 - keto - 1,3 - dioxolane, 1,1,1 - trichloro - 4 - (41 - chlorophenyl) - but - 2 - en - 4 - one or other compound according to Specification 640,530, containing at least one trihalomethyl group indirectly attached to an aromatic group, but containing no atoms other than halogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and sulphur; or a hydrocarbon which has been treated to introduce both sulphur and at least 2 halogen atoms into the molecule e.g. the reaction product of an olefin of 6 or more carbon atoms with a sulphur halide.  The organo-tin compound may contain alkyl or aryl radicles and may also contain oil-solubilizing radicles such as fatty acid or alkoxy, aryloxy, thioalkyl or thioaryl radicles. Suitable compounds are di-(benzylthio) tin di-n-octyl, di-n-butyl tin di-laurate, and reaction products of dialkyl tin oxides with alcohols.  The lubricating composition may also contain detergents, pour-point depressants (e.g. wax/naphthalene condensation products), viscosity index improvers (e.g. methacrylate polymers), antioxidants, further anti-rust compounds, anti-foam agents (e.g. silicone polymers) and further extreme pressure agents.  The detergents may be metal, amine or quaternary ammonium salts of fatty acids, rosin acids, chlorinated fatty acids, aromatic carboxylic acids (e.g. aromatic-substituted fatty acids, paraffin wax benzoic acids or alkyl salicylic acids), petroleum or alkaryl hydrocarbon sulphonic acids, sulphuric acid monoesters, phosphoric, arsenic and antimonic mono- or di-esters or the corresponding thio acid esters and phosphonic or arsonic esters.  Phosphatides, rapeseed oil or voltolized fatty or mineral oils may also be employed as detergents.  Antioxidants of the aromatic amine, phenol and amino-phenol types are specified. Additional anti-rust compounds are dicarboxylic acids of 16 or more carbon atoms, alkali or alkaline earth salts of sulphonic fatty acids, organic acids containing a nitrile, nitro or nitroso group (e.g. alphacyano-stearic acid) and polyvalent metal salts of alkyl phenol/aldehyde condensation products.  Other E.P. agents mentioned are organic phosphates, phosphites, thiophosphates, sulphides (including polysulphides and phenol sulphides), sulphurized fatty acids and fatty oils (which may also be phosphorized), sulphurized olefins and esters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids with sulphurized hydroxy fatty acids.  In the examples, mineral lubricating oil compositions are described in which the halogen-containing compound is chlorinated paraffin wax or chlorinated diphenyl and the organo-tin compound is di-n-butyl tin di-laurate, di-(benzylthio) tin di-n-octyl or the reaction product of dioctyl tin oxide with n-hexanol or benzyl alcohol. Other ingredients of the compositions of the examples are 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol and maleic anhydride/cracked wax olefins reaction product with or without sulphurized oleic acid. Specification 622,311 also is referred to.