Patent GB-1153683-A (GB)
Title: Variable-Ratio Transmissions
IPC: F16H61/662
Filed: 1966-10-24
Abstract: 1,153,683. Variable-speed gear. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. 24 Oct., 1966 [13 Dec., 1965], No. 47572/66. Heading F2D. In a motor-vehicle variable-speed gear comprising in series between input and output shafts 10, 18, a fluid coupling 12, which may be of the fillable or constantly filled type; a friction clutch 35; a steplessly variable planetary ball friction gear 14; and a toothed planetary reduction gear 16, a single member 36 actuated by fluid pressure or mechanically (not further described) is effective to engage the friction clutch 35 and to axially slide one part 74 of the outer race of the friction gear 14 to vary its speed ratio. Friction gear control.-Drive is transmitted from the input shaft 10 via the hydraulic coupling 12 to a shaft 30 carrying a flange 32 having a friction disc 34 splined thereon adapted to be clamped between pistons 36, 38, splined to a shell 48, by hydraulic pressure acting on piston 36. The outer race of the friction gear 14 comprises two parts 74, 76 splined to shell 48, the part 74 being moved axially by piston 38 on increasing the pressure acting on piston 36. Planetary balls 70 are mounted in a carrier 72 and run on an inner split race 78, 80 splined on a shaft 68, the race 78 being moved axially simultaneously with, but in the opposite direction to, race 74 by an hydraulically actuated piston 90 to vary the speed ratio. Gear arrangement.-In the two gear trains the ball-and-toothed planets 70, 130 share a common carrier 72, prevented from reverse rotation by a one-way detent 149 for one-way reduced drive, or held by a brake 136 for two-way reduced drive or reverse. The outer race 74, 76 of the friction train, driven through the input friction clutch 35, variably and reversely drives the inner race 78, 80, together with the connected sun 128 of the toothed train 16, which latter again reverses the motion to impart to the final output ring gear 132 forward drive of an overall ratio which is the product of that of the individual trains. Initially the friction train 14 is set for reduction ratio, but with increase in speed, is increased through one-to-one to overdrive, the final value of which is the exact reciprocal of the fixed reduction ratio of the series toothed train 16, resulting in overall one-to-one ratio. In this condition the outer friction race 74, 76 rotates at the same speed as the output ring gear 132, eliminating reaction on both the carrier 72 and suns 68, 128, thus permitting the carrier brake 136 to be released. The carrier is now dragged round forwardly, and after their reverse rotation has been eliminated, the suns 68, 128 also rotate forwardly, eventually reaching synchronous speed whereupon a cone clutch 114 is engaged by a piston 124 to lock together the inner and outer races of the friction gear, giving solid drive. Reverse uses the toothed train 16 alone by releasing the clutch 34 to release the friction train; engaging the clutch 114 to drive the sun 128; and applying the brake 136 to hold the carrier 72. Control.-An automatic hydraulic control system (not further described), is fed by an engine driver oil pump 56.