Patent GB-959791-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to steroids
IPC: C07J7/00
Filed: 1960-12-15
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the formula: <FORM:0959791/C2/1> <FORM:0959791/C2/2> wherein R3 is hydrogen, -SO2R2 wherein R2 is an alkyl or an aryl radical or the acyl radical of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid containing from 1-12 carbon atoms inclusive, Y is hydrogen or methyl and X2 is the methylene radical, the carbonyl radical and the hydroxymethylene radical, therapeutic compositions thereof and a process for preparing a D 4-compound of the above formula which comprises converting a compound having the formula: <FORM:0959791/C2/3> wherein Y and X2 are as defined above, by methods known in the literature to a compound having the formula: <FORM:0959791/C2/4> wherein Y and X2 are as defined above and R5 is a lower alkyl radical containing 1-8 carbon atoms inclusive, converting the latter compound to a 3-enamine, reducing this with an alkali aluminium hydride and hydrolysing to remove the 3-enamine group to produce a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0959791/C2/5> wherein Y is as above defined and X1 is the methylene radical or b -hydroxymethylene radical, esterifying to produce the corresponding 21-ester and then subjecting this compound to oxidative hydroxylation to form a compound having the general formula: <FORM:0959791/C2/6> wherein Y and X1 are as above defined and Ac is the acyl radical of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid containing 1-12 carbon atoms inclusive and then if desired oxidising to produce the corresponding 11-keto derivative and/or hydrolysing to produce the corresponding 21-free alcohol. Oxidative hydroxylation may be effected with osmium tetroxide and an amine peroxide or with an organic polyvalent iodo oxide, and oxidation at 11-position with chromic acid. Dehydrogenation in 1,2-positions may be effected microbiologically e.g. with Septomyxa, Corynebacterium or Fusarium or chemically e.g. with selenium dioxide. Esterification in 21-position may be effected with the anhydride or acid halide of a mono- or dicarboxylic acid or with an organic sulphonyl halide.  D 9(11) compounds are obtained by subjecting the corresponding 11-hydroxy compounds to dehydration e.g. with an N-haloamide followed by anhydrous sulphur dioxide.  The starting compound in the above process may be obtained (a) by ketalising a compound having the general formula: <FORM:0959791/C2/7> wherein Y is as defined above and X is the methylene or carbonyl radical, to produce the corresponding ketal, treating the thus-produced 3-ketal with an alkali metal cyanide to produce the corresponding 3-ketalised 16a -cyano -4-pregnene, ketalising the latter compound at 20-position to produce the corresponding 3, 20-diketalised 16a -cyano -4- pregnene, hydrolysing the 3, 20-diketalised compound to give the corresponding 3, 20-diketalised 16a -carboxy compound, esterifying the thus produced 16a -carboxy compound with ethereal diazomethane solution to produce the corresponding 3, 20-diketalised 16a -carbomethoxy -4- pregnene, reducing the 3, 20-diketalised -16a -carbomethoxy -4- pregnene thus produced or the 3, 20-diketalised 16a -carboxy -4- pregnene with lithium aluminium hydride to produce the corresponding diketalised 16a -hydroxymethyl 4-pregnene, reacting the 16a -hydroxymethyl compound thus produced with an alkyl or aryl sulphonyl halide and then with an alkali metal fluoride to produce the corresponding 3, 20-diketalised 16a -fluoromethyl pregnene hydrolysing the 16a -fluoromethyl compound thus produced with aqueous acid to produce the corresponding 16a -fluoromethyl -4-pregnene and then if desired in the case where the 11b -hydroxy compound is produced oxidising to produce the corresponding 16a -fluoromethyl -4- pregnene-3, 11, 20-trione; (b) by ketalising 3b -hydroxy -16a - cyano -5-pregnen -20- one to produce 3b -hydroxy -16a -cyano -5- pregnen -20- one 20-alkylene ketal, hydrolysing the 20-ketalised compound thus produced to obtain 3b -hydroxy -16a - carboxy -5-pregnen -20- one 20-alkylene ketal, treating the 16a -carboxy compound with dihydropyran to produce 3b -tetrahydropyranyloxy -16a - carboxy-5-pregnen -20- one 20-alkylene ketal tetrahydropyranyl ester, reducing the tetrahydropyranyl compound with lithium aluminium hydride to produce 3b -tetrahydropyranyloxy-16a -hydroxymethyl -5- pregnen -20- one 20-alkylene ketal, reacting the 16a -hydroxymethyl compound with an alkyl or aryl sulphonyl halide and an alkali metal fluoride to produce 3b -tetrahydropyranyloxy-16a -fluoromethyl -5- pregnen -20- one-20 alkylene ketal, hydrolysing the latter to give 3b -hydroxy -16a - fluoromethyl -5- pregnen -20-one, subjecting this to oxidation to produce 16a -fluoromethyl -4- pregnene-3, 20-dione, oxidising this at 11-position microbiologically to produce 11a -hydroxy -16a - fluoromethyl -4-pregnene-3, 20-dione and then oxidising at 11-position; (c) by treating a compound having the general formula: <FORM:0959791/C2/8> wherein R3 is hydrogen or the acyl radical of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid containing 1-12 carbon atoms, with an alkali metal cyanide to produce 3a -hydroxy -16a - cyano -5b - pregnane-11, 20-dione, ketalising at 20-position to produce a 3a -hydroxy-16a -cyano -5b - pregnan-11, 20-dione 20-alkylene ketal, hydrolysing with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to give a 3a -hydroxy -16a - carboxy -5b - pregnane-11, 20-dione 20-alkylene ketal, esterifying with diazomethane to give 3b -hydroxy -16a - carbomethoxy -5b -pregnane 20-alkylene ketal, oxidising to produce the corresponding 11-keto compound 16a -carbomethoxy -5b - pregnane-3, 11, 20-trione 20-alkylene ketal, ketalising at 3-position to produce 16a -carbomethoxy -5b - pregnane-3, 11, 20-trione 3, 20-bis-alkylene ketal, reducing with lithium aluminium hydride to give 11b -hydroxy-16a -hydroxymethyl -5b - pregnane-3, 20-dione bis alkylene ketal, hydrolysing to give 11b -hydroxy -16a - hydroxymethyl -5b - pregnane-3, 20-dione, reacting the 16a -hydroxymethyl -5b -pregnane-3, 20-dione with an alkyl or aryl sulphonyl halide and then with an alkali metal fluoride to produce 11b -hydroxy -16a - fluoromethyl -5b - pregnane-3, 20-dione bis-alkylene ketal, oxidising to produce the corresponding 11-keto compound and hydrolysing to give 16a -fluoromethyl -5b - pregnane-3, 11, 20-trione, treating this with a halogenating agent to give the corresponding 4-halo -16a - fluoromethyl -5b - pregnane-3, 11, 20-trione and then dehydrohalo genating the 4-halo compound.  Said therapeutic compositions having anti-inflammatory, glucocorticoid progestational, anti-fertility, muscle relaxing, central nervous depressant and cardiotonic activities are administered orally, parenterally or topically as tablets, powders, capsules, pills, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, syrups, elixirs, ointments, lotions, jellies, creams or aqueous suspensions.  Specifications 724,094, 749,201, 761,490, 768,271, 771,515, 777,152, 779,001, 781,712, 829,903 and 959,793 are referred to.