Patent GB-505368-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the conversion of hydrocarbon oils into motor fuels by treatment at elevated temperatures
IPC: C10G11/04
Filed: 1937-11-09
Abstract: 505,368. Cracking and reforming oils. HOUDRY PROCESS CORPORATION. Nov. 9, 1937, Nos. 30727, 30728, and 30729. Convention dates, Nov. 20, 1936, Dec. 19, 1936, and Feb. 15, 1937. [Class 32] Crude oils are divided into a fraction of low boiling point containing gasoline fractions and a high boiling or residual fraction, the fraction of low boiling point is subjected to pyrolitic conversion, while the fraction of high boiling point is subjected to catalytic conversion, and the products of both the conversions are mixed in a fractionating zone and fractionated to obtain the desired motor fuel products. The heavier products of the catalytic conversion may be charged to the pyrolitic conversion zone. The fraction of lower boiling point may be fractionated into a number of separate fractions which are converted separately. The catalytic conversion is carried out in the vapour phase with the aid of steam and in presence of solid absorptive silicious material, e.g. a mixture of silica an alumina. The crude charge admitted at M is led through heat-exchangers 25, 24, 23, 43, line 26, and coil still 3 into a fractionator 1 where it is divided into, light fractions which pass to the pyrolitic zone A and a heavy residual fraction which is fed through line 8 to the catalytic zone B. This latter comprises a vaporizer 17 to which steam is admitted through line 41, a separator 18 and pairs of converters 21 used and revivified alternately and containing catalytic material of the kind described in Specifications 407,699 and 414,779. Light fractions of desired end point are with. drawn from fractionator 1 through line 5 while side streams are withdrawn through lines 6, 7 and passed to the pyrolitic conversion zone A comprising three units 9, 10, 11 the products from which are united in the line 12 and fed through the heat-exchanger 43 into the common fractionating tower 2. The products from the catalytic chambers 21 are fed through the line 22 heat-exchangers 23, 24, 25 and cooler 37 into a separator 32 from which they are led through line 33 into the upper part of the tower 2 from which fractions of desired end point are taken off through line 15 and condenser 35 to receiver 36. Heavy fractions condensed in the heat-exchangers 23, 24 are passed to stripping columns 30, 31 and the liquid residues are recycled through lines 39, 40 to mix with the fractions passed through the converters 9, 10, 11. A gas oil fraction taken off through the lino 48 may be similarly treated. In modifications (a) the initial fractionating tower 1 is replaced by two towers, the light fractions collected at the bottom of the second tower are subjected to pyrolitic conversion, the heavy and intermediate products from the bottom and side of the first tower are. subjected to catalytic conversion, while an additional pyrolitic zone is provided to reform part of the products leaving the first tower; (b) the fractionating towers 1, 2 are combined in a single unit. U.S.A. Specification 2,031,591 is referred to.